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\q 15
Kafir=English Dictionary
BY
REV. ALBERT KROPF, D*D.,
SUPERINTENDENT OF THE BERLIN MISSION,
SECOND EDITION
EDITED BY
REV. ROBERT GODFREY, M.A.
SOUTH AFRICA:
LOVEDALE MISSION PRESS.
1915.
(^^ikuXJ^
HLlAJL'
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.
"Y^HEN I arrived in Kaffraria in 1845, the only Vocabulary of the
language of the people that I could at first obtain was a small
Kafir-German one, written by the Rev. L. Dohne, containing a few
more words than the appendix to his Zulu Dictionary p. 393, published
in 1857. I thereupon set to work to find what Missionaries of other
Churches had done in this direction. A small but trustworthy vocabulary,
partly printed and partly in manuscript, compiled by the Rev. John
Bennie in 1830, came into my hands. This contained only words
whose stems commenced with the letters c, p, d, t. Later I became
acquainted with Dr. Van der Kemp's "Woordenlijst" of 1801, which,
being a first attempt, is naturally more of a curiosity than a help to
the student. In 1872 appeared a "Dictionary of the Kaffir language,
including Xosa and the Zulu dialects, by the Rev. W. , J. Davis."
In compiling a vocabulary of the language for my own use which I
had at first no intention of printing, I derived more or less help from
each of these sources.
The printing of this Dictionary was first suggested many years ago by
the Board of Revisers of the Kafir Bible, but I was unable and unwilling at
that time to undertake the labour of preparing it for publication, as I had
other work on hand. At the United Missionary Conference held in King
William's Town in 1889, it was proposed by the late Mr. Andrew Smith,
that " the lexicon should be printed, if only as a memorial of the Kafir
language which would soon be supplanted by English." I still hesitated,
and it was not till 1893, when the Brethren of the Free Church of Scotland
Mission urged me strongly to prepare the work for the press, and the
authorities at Lovedale offered to have the book printed there at their
own risk, that I decided to publish the Dictionary. The printing of the
work commenced in 1895 and has extended over four years, during which
time I have been able to collect some additional words. These form an
Appendix to the work.
517625
I hope that my advanced age and consequent defective hearing,
may be taken as an excuse for the errors and omissions in the book, and
trust that younger Missionaries may be encouraged to build on this
foundation a better and more enduring structure.
In conckision I have to express my indebtedness to the late Rev.
Bryce Ross, D.D., and my indebtedness and thanks to the Revs. J. Stewart,
M.D., D.D., Canon Woodrooffe, M.A., J. McLaren, M.A., E. Makiwane,
W. B. Rubusana, and Mr. J. Knox Bokwe, for their valuable aid towards
making the work as complete and convenient as possible.
A. KrOPF.
Stutterheim,
South Africa,
December, 1899.
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
On 10th March, 1911, Principal Henderson handed over the work of
editing a new edition of Kropf's 'Kaffir-English Dictionary ' to my care,
leaving me with an absolutely free hand; on that same day he gave
into my keeping Dr. Kropf's annotated copy of the dictionary which
had been bequeathed to Lovedale by its owner, and thereafter he passed
on to me the various lists of corrections and additions that reached him
from time to time in response to his appeal for help. In this connection,
acknowledgement is here made to Rev. J. Knox Bokwe, Rev. W. Bourguin,
Mr. J. Bud -M'belle, Rev. J. Lennox, Rev. L. Marx (for a collection of
proverbs made by Dr. Kropf), Rev. J. K. Mather, Father Wallis, Canon
Wyche and Archdeacon Woodrooffe (who has since gone to his rest).
I have sought help from every quarter and under all circumstances
and cannot therefore attempt to give a list of the persons to whom I am
indebted. But I must mention some of my helpers. The Misses Ross of
Pirie, daughters of the late Dr. Bryce Ross, have put their knowledge of
Kafir constantly at my disposal ; the girls of Lovedale and of Pirie have
greatly assisted me in collecting Hlonipa words and in other ways ; the
scholars of St. Matthew's of the year 1910 enthusiastically gathered bird-
names and bird-lore for me ; Rev. J. H. Soga has sent specimens of birds
and helped me in gathering the Kafir names of birds, and Rev. D. B.
Davies has provided some bird-lore ; Dr. Peringuey of the South African
Museum, Mr. J. Hewitt of the Albany Museum and Mr. Austin Roberts
of the Transvaal Museum have ungrudgingly assisted in the identify-
ing of natural history specimens ; Dr. C. Meinhof, Hamburg, sent some
sheets of suggestions, of which those relating to the relationships of
Kafir words were especially valuable.
Mr. McLaren, whose researches in Kafir have become through his
Kafir Grammar (1906) part of the inheritance of all Kafir scholars, tore
up his own well-annotated copy of the first edition of the dictionary and
sent it on by instalments ; in addition to this he supplied a long list of
new entries, and also granted me (on 27th April, 1911, at Nqamakwe)
a lengthened interview, in which he discussed fully with me the pho-
netics of the language. In only one essential point does the system
followed in the present edition differ from his system, viz. in the so-called
r5, which has been indicated as r h in accordance with Mr.
Bennie's appreciation of the sound.
Mr. W. G. Bennie has rendered untiring assistance ; he it was who
revealed to me the secret of tone in the Kafir language, a fact which has
still to be reckoned with and for the expression of which some printing
device has yet to be invented. Mr. Bennie read over in proof as far as
the end of F, and in MSS. from the beginning of G to the end, making
good many deficiencies through his possessing a knowledge of Dutch as
well as of Kafir; he and Canon Wyche have taken great pains to find
suitable names for the verbal forms referred to in the Introduction,
In the naming of mammals, Chubb's *A Revised List of the
Mammals of South Africa' (South African Journal of Science, Feb. 1910)
has been followed ; and in the naming of birds , Gunning & Haagner's
'A Check-list of the Birds of South Africa' (Supplement to the Annals
Transvaal Museum, 1910) has been followed.
Sim's 'The Forests and Forest-Flora of Cape Colony' (Taylor and
Henderson, Aberdeen, Scotland, 1907) has served as the standard in the
naming of trees ; from a botanical point of view this work is invaluable,
though in the spelling of Kafir words it is often defective. Dr. Kropf ex-
tended the scope of his dictionary to include the Zulu names of trees, and
it becomes clear from Sim's book that Kropf 's Zulu tree-names owe their
origin to Fourcade (whose book I have not had the opportunity of seeing).
Some of these Zulu names had been wrongly placed by Kropf (u-Mumbu
instead of umu-Mbu ; i-Sanyana instead of is-Anyana), but these and
many others have now been excised as belonging to a Zulu, and not to a
Kafir, dictionary. At the same time there are still some tree-names, as
well as other words, which have been allowed to stand, not because they
are genuine Kafir words, but because in the limited experience of the
present editor they could not be proved to be wrong.
Vll.
Bud-M'belle's 'Kafir Scholar's Companion' (Lovedale 1903^ and
Rubusana's 'Zemk' inkomo' have provided a number of words and pro-
verbs, and Bryant's 'Zulu-English Dictionary' (Pinetown, Natal 1905),
though it came into my hands late, has proved of great assistance and
is an indispensable v^rork for a Kafir student. Madan's 'Living Speech in
Central and South Africa' (Oxford 1911) deserves to be mentioned for its
suggestiveness.
The printing has taken over two years, but could not have been finished
within this time but for the enthusiasm of Mr. Atkinson and his native
staff. The native compositors have taken a keen interest in the progress
of the work and latterly rendered great assistance in the definitions of
words. On 14 July, 1915, when the dictionary had been printed off as
far as page 368, our joint labours were nearly consumed in smoke by
a fire breaking out in the engine-room immediately beneath the place
where the printed sheets were stored. The presence of mind of one of
the native boys enabled him to deal effectively with the cause of
the outbreak and Mr. Atkinson at great personal risk fought the fire,
being badly burned but saving the dictionary !
In conclusion, let me invite readers who detect errors or gaps in the
present edition to communicate with the Principal of Lovedale or with
myself.
ROBERT GODFREY,
pirie mission,
King William's Town,
1/ 11/ 1915.
TO THE MEMORY
OF
MY FELLOW-COUNTRYMEN
WHO
BY THE GREAT SACRIFICE
HAVE MAINTAINED MY LIBERTY AND MY RIGHT TO WORK
AND TO THE MEMORY
OF
ONE IN PARTICULAR
ROBERT BARBOUR WHYTE
COMPANION AND FRIEND
CALLED TO HIGHER SERVICE
FROM THE BATTLEFIELD OF FRANCE
25TH SEPTEMBER 191 5
THIS EDITION
IS AFFECTIONATELY AND GRATEFULLY DEDICATED
INTRODUCTION.
The nature of the structure of the prefix-using Kafir language, differing absolutely from
that of the suffix-using English, renders the construction of a Kafir dictionary on English
lines an impracticability. In Kafir, every noun, except a limited number in their vocative
cases, is preceded by a prefix; and every verb in every one of its multitudinous inflections
(save in the simple form of the imperative) is preceded by a subject or an object which may
assume any one of many different forms and which may stand alone or in one of many possible
combinations.
Were we to follow the alphabetical order of Kafir words, as we do in English, we should
find the great bulk ofthe dictionary entered under the vowels « and ii and we should have very
little use for any other initial letter. For this reason Kafir scholars have practically agreed
that a Kafir dictionary should follow the alphabetical order of stems rather than of words.
Kropf's dictionary was constructed on this plan. Where a group of words had a common
stem the root of the verb was placed first and it was followed by the various verbal forms
with the derived nouns at the end. Kropf's method has been slightly modified in the pre-
sent edition ; the derived nouns have been attached to the verbal forms from which they
spring and the whole series of derived words under any one stem has been indented to aid
the reader's eye. If the reader examines carefully a few stems such as uku-Fa, tiku-Ma and
uku-Lunga, he will understand the principles on which the dictionary has been constructed.
Although the greatest care has been exercised to discover the stems and to place
under them only such woi'ds as are actually derivatives, further study of the language will
demand a certain amount of re-arrangement in future editions ; and it is hoped that the
following conclusions regarding stems and their derivatives which have been reached after
a careful and minute analysis of words in the present edition will materially aid in settling
questions of arrangement.
Kafirverbalstemsareof two kinds (A) Primary or strong stems; (B) Secondary or weak
stems.
A. Primary or Strong stems. Primary stems are those which retain their final vowel in the
simple verbal forms which are derived from them*. The great majority of these primary
stems were originally adverbial or interjectional particles and in some instances remain in
use still as adverbs or interjections; they are at present, however, generally compounded
with ukutl, and they are much more numerous than the present edition of the dictionary
indicates, occurring commonly in Kafir intsoini and izibongo and waiting to be gathered.
The auxiliary iikut't, used along with these uninflected particles, is probably the most
important word in Kafir; when standing alone, it means 'to say ' ; but when accompanied by
a gesture on the part of the speaker it means 'to do' (the thing indicated by the gesture) or
'to act' (in the way indicated by the gesture). Now, though gestures may be employed to
express a wide range of meaning, they have their limitations ; and these adverbial and inter-
jectional particles serve in the place of gestures or to the accompaniment of gestures to
widen out still further the application of the verb iikuti [see uhi-Ti 4 (a) and (b)]. These
particles are often onomatopoetic or suggestive in their sound, e.g. ukiiti-Mpompo (of water,
to pump up), ukuti-Gelekeqe (to throw a stick along the gi-ound to another), ukuti-Tu (to
(appear suddenly).
These particles may havfe a wide range of meaning (see e.g. tikuti-Ntla), but are always
made to carry a definite idea in any particular instance of their use. Although in the
dictionary these simple verb forms (ukut'i followed by a particle) are usually classified as
transitive or intransitive, they are not properly circumscribed by these English grammatical
terms and are in many instances capable of being either transitive or intransitive according
to circumstances.
a apparently is ukuti-Gqubutu ; but in'this case Gqulutela, etc., might be from a lost stem
In the case of these strong stems, modifications of meaning may be expressed either
[I] by a change in the auxiliary ukuti or
[II] by the addition of one or more syllables to the particle.
I. The changes which take place in the auxiliary are of four kinds:—
1. Reciprocal, formed by replacing the final i of ukuti by ana, as:
ukutana-Nqwd, to meet with each other suddenly at a certain spot,
from ukuii-Nqwd, to meet with suddenly.
N.B. ukutana-Gaga, to attack one another, has the alternative form uku-Gagana.
2. '''elative, formed by replacing the final / of ukuti by ela, as:
ukutela-Jwi, to throw suddenly towards,
from ukutt-Jwi, to throw down suddenly,
3. Stative, formed by replacing the final i of ukutt by eka, as:
ukutika-Nga, to be wonderful,
from ukutt-Nqa, to wonder.
4. Reflexive, formed by inserting the syllable zi before -tt, as ;
ukuziti-Nama, to join oneself to,
from ukutt-Nama, to cleave to.
II. The changes which take place in the particle may be grouped under two heads
(a) those which retain ukuti and an uninflected form of the particle ;
(b) those which substitute uku for ukuti and adopt an inflected form (ending in a)
of the particle.
(a) To this group belongs the Reduplicated form, which, as its name implies,
consists of a simple reduplication of the particle, and which expresses repetition
or intensity of the original root-idea, as:
ukuti-Tshil-tshu, to keep on piercing or stabbing,
from ukuti-Tshu, to pierce suddenly once.
Sometimes the reduplication is only half effected and, in those cases where
the second syllable of the stem is repeated, the resulting word remain^ an
indeclinable particle, as :
ukuti-Badada, to fall down flat suddenly,
from ukuti-Bada, to fall down flat.
ukuti-Cititi, = ukuti-Citi, to come suddenly into sight.
ukuti-Gqududu, to stumble,
from ukuti-Gqudu, to stumble once.
ukuti-Guququ, to turn round quickly,
from ukuti-Guqu, to turn from one thing into another.
Where, however, the first syllable of the stem is repeated, the final vowel usually
becomes a and the resulting verb bears the simple prefix uku, as;
uku-Dlikidla, to give a good shaking,
from ukuti-Dliki, to shake once.
uku-Hlokohla, to keep poking,
from ukuti-Hloko, to poke.
uku-Nyikinya, to shake back and forward,
from uhiti-Nyiki, to cause pain.
uku-Vikiva, to bruise,
from ukuti-Viki, to be broken off short.
N.B. ukuti-Tyeketyi ( = ukuti-Tyeketyeke) to be flabby, does not follow this rule.
(b) To the second group belong all the remaining verbal forms, of which the following
are the most noteworthy: —
1. Effective, formed by adding la to the stem, denoting action and frequently
transitive, as :
XI.
uhu-Batula, to take a handful,
from ukuti-Batu, to take a small part of the whole.
uku-Cola ( = ukuti-Cd), to pick up.
uku-Nqamla, to cut off,
from ukuti-Nqam, to cut off suddenly.
uku-Nyikila, to pinch,
from ukuti-Nyiki, to cause pain.
uku-Jingxela (-ukuti-Jingxe), to hop on one leg.
uku-Mangala ( = ukutt-Manga), to be amazed.
In the case of stems ending with a reduplicated syllable, the reduplication is
discarded before the suffix la :
uku-Pulula, to rub gently,
from ukutt-Pululti, to be slippery.
uku-Kupiihila, to throw out with a jerk,
from ukutt-Kupiilulti, to get up suddenly.
N.B. uku-Nqwala, to nod the head, is probably to be considered as a weak verbal
stem formed from the strong stem ukuit-Nqwale to bow the head, rather than
as a derivative from ukutt-Nqwa. Similarly uku-Ntywila, to dive, is rather to
be considered as a weak verbal stem formed from ukuti-Ntywili than as a
derivative from ukutt-Ntywi.
uku-Dwela is a relative form of uhiti-Dwe.
, 5tatlve, formed by adding ka, indicating a state of being acted upon, actually or
potentially, and usually intransitive, as:
uku-Badluka, to be perforated with large holes,
from ukutt-Badlu, to pierce.
uku-Boioka ( = iikiiti-Botd), to be indented.
uku-Dilika ( = ukutt-Dili), to fall in by reason of rain,
uku-Nqamka, to be cut off,
from ukutt-Nqam, to cut off suddenly.
In the case of stems ending with a reduplicated syllable, the reduplication is
discarded before the suffix ka, as :
uku-Jibilika ( = iihit't-Jibilili). to go back on one's word.
uku-Kupuluka ( -ukuti-Kupululu), to get up at once.
The verb ukuti-Fuku forms a good illustration of a stem which in its primary form
may be either transitive ('to lift up') or intransitive ('to swell a little'); it
becomes definitely transitive m the form uku-Fukula, to lift up, and definitely
intransitive in the form uku-Fukuka, to rise, as from fermentation.
N.B. Two verbs uku-Nqika ( = ukutl-Nqi), to open, and uku-Qusheka ( = ukiitt-Qushe)
to cover out of sight, are treated as stems and form definite stative forms of
their own : uku-Nqikeka, to be opened up, and uku-Qushekeka, to be hidden.
. Factitive, formed by adding za, implying the act of inducing a certain tate or
action, as:
uku-Gqadaza, to move hither and thither,
from ukutt-Gqada, to come unexpectedly.
uku-Dweza, to form into line,
from ukuti-Dwe, to stretch out in line.
uku-Diliza, to demolish,
fi-om ukutt-DUi, to fall in through rain.
uku-Gqohoza, to break open by a heavy blow,
from ukutt-Gqobogqobo, to break out, as sores.
uku-Qapuza, to puff out smoke or to raise dust,
from ukuti-Qapu, to puflf out, in smoking a pipe.
uku-Tyumza, to break by pressing together,
from ukutl-Tyum, to bruise.
Xll.
N.B. nkii-Hiishuza, from Hush, restores a lost u.
In the case of stems ending with a reduplicated syllable, the reduplication is
discarded before the suffix za, as:
nku-Dttndnluza ( = ukutt-Dii!idultdu), to lie at full length.
uhi-Fiiiiza f --ukiitt-Finini), to make grimaces.
ukii-QongqoJoza, to pour out wholly,
from iihit'i-Qongqololo, to be poured out.
uhi-Nycheh'za ( = ukuil'NyebeleleJ, to steal away stealthily.
Effective, Stative and Factitive forms appear sometimes to be intensified by the
insertion of the syllable In in front of the suffix, as:
Intensive effective, uku-BuiiyuIitla, uku-Hlubuhila, nhi-Vutulula.
Intensive stative, iiku-Hlubuluka, uku-Tapuluka, tiku-ViUuluka.
Intensive factitive, tikn-Taptduza.
Analogy, however, suggests that these forms are derived from strong stems
(nkuti-Bunyululii, iikutt-Hluhtiltihi, ukuti-Tapululu, and ukiUtViitululu) which are
either lost or have not yet been detected as existing in Kafir.
4. Progressive, formed by adding zda to the stem and conveying the idea of
continued or repeated action, as:
uku-Tyatyazela, to keep on making a noise like the cracking of timber,
from ukuti-Tyalyatya, to creak, as a falling tree.
uku-Xokozela, to keep on making a confused noise,
from uknti-Xokoxoko, to make a noise.
iihi-Bmgczda, to glitter,
from uhit'i-Benge, to flash.
N.B. In a number of cases zela is a compound verbal form. Factitive-relative,
as: uku-Tyobozela, to break through at a place, derived directly from uku-Tyo-
boza, and indirectly from ukut'i-Tyobo, to break.
5. Durative, formed by adding ma to the stem, and expressing the idea of more or
less prolonged action, or indicating a state of activity, as:
uku-Badama, to lie in wait,
from nkiiti Badn, to fall down flat.
uku-Nyikimn, to tremble,
from ukut'i-Nyiki, to cause pain.
uku-Pazma, to wink quickly.
from tikuti-Pazi, to obtain a momentary glance of a thing.
uku-Cukumn, to go off, as a gun,
from uktitl-Cuku, to touch lightly.
uku-Diidunia, to thunder,- to keep on making the noise du, du.
ukii-Xiuna, to leap up and down in one spot,
from ukuti-Xu, to jump.
Where the stem ends in a reduplicated syllable, the reduplication is discarded
before adding ma, as:
uku-Butuma, to lie on the belly, as cattle,
from nkuti-Butiitu, to crouch suddenly.
6. Operative, formed by adding ba to the stem, and expressing action. This suffix
is very similar to Ja.
nkii-Diba, to fill up a hole,
from uhiti-Di, to pour in upon.
uku-Nxiba ( = ukuti-NxiJ, to put on (clothes),
uku-Tsiba (= ukut't-Tsi), to jump up.
uku-Ngqiiba ( - ukiiti-Ngqu), to knock up against.
Xlll.
7. Punctative, formed by adding ta to the stem, and expressing definite and pointed
action, closely related to pa which is referred to later on, as:
ukii-Bimbtta ( = ukutt-Bhnbt), to swallow up greedily.
uku-Pepeta, to blow away (actively),
from tihutt-Pepe, to flutter.
Simple verbal forms derived from Nouns.
Many nouns and adjectives in Kafir are treated as strong stems, from which
simple verbal forms are derived by the addition of an extra syllable in the same
manner as is followed in forming simple verbal forms from the uninfiected particles.
In cases where the stem is reduplicated, the verbs are formed from the simple
unreduplicated stem. The outstanding simple verbal forms so derived are as
follows :
1 . Effective, formed by the addition of la to the stem, as :
uhi-Limala, to be crippled,
from isi-Lima, a cripple.
uku-Fipala, to become dim,
from ti-Fipa, obscurity.
uku-Yelenqela, to concert secretly an evil plan,
from /- Yelenqe, a secret plan.
uku-Badula, to wander about,
from isi-Badubadu, a wanderer.
uku-Jaada, to go in rags,
from i-Jacii, a rag.
uku Punyiila, to cause to slip off,
from im-Punyutnpunyu, slippery.
uku-Tutula, to carry off,
from i-Tutu, a robber.
2. 5tative, formed by the addition of ka to the stem, as:
uku-Vetyeka, to be flexible,
from i- Vetyevetye, flexible.
uku-Kewuka, to have the edge broken out,
from isi-Kewu, a nick in the blade of a knife.
uku-Nyoluka, to be greedy,
from Nyolunyolu, greedy.
uku-Punyuka, to slip off,
from im-Punyumpunyu, slippery.
uku-Rauka, to be singed,
from i-Rau, a nettle.
N.B. The form uku-Baneka, from lun-Bane lightning, acquires in addition a causative
signification : baneka apa, bring the light here.
3. Factitive, formed by the addition of za to the stem, as;
uku-Htbasa, to gad about,
from isi-Hiba a fool.
uku-Hekeza, to act foolishly,
from i-Hekeheke, a foolish person.
uku-Nikiza, to tear into shreds,
from ama-Nikiniki, rags.
uku-Goxoza, to ratlle,
from u-Goxo, a heap of things that rattle.
uku-Hlii<empuza, to become poor,
from i-Hlwempu, a poor person.
uku-Pamza, to fumble,
from isi-Pampam, a wanderer.
XIV.
4. Progressive, formed by adding zela to the stem, as:
tiku-Laqazela, to be restless,
from isi-Laqa, a restless person.
iiku-Lekezela, to hang loosely,
from Lekeleke, hanging loosely.
uku-Bikizela, to shake from being swollen and watery,
from i-Bikibiki, a swollen part hanging loosely.
uku-Bakuzela, to hurry along with garments flapping,
from Bakiibaku, flapping.
5. Durative, formed by adding ma to the stem, as:
liku-Lulama, to be submissive,
from Liila, light in weight.
uku-Pongoma, to project,
from isi-Pongo, a person with a protuberant forehead.
ukii-Puiuma, to go in search of,
from Putuputu, hasty.
uku-Tukuma, to throb,
from in-Tuku, a mole.
6. Ingressive, formed by adding pa to the stem, and denoting definite and pointed
action, action in point of time, being closely akin to ta, as:
uku-Vilapa, to idle,
from i-Vila, an idler.
uku-Hlonipa, to be bashful from respect,
from in-Tloni, bashfulness.
uku-Kalipa, to be bold,
from ubu-Kali, sharpness.
uku-Nandipa, to expect with joy,
from Mnandi, pleasant.
uku-Ncipa, to grow less.
from Nci, little.
7. Punctative, formed by adding ta to the stem, as:
uku-Lakata, to trouble a person,
from tt-Laka, officiousness.
uhi-Yeketa, to hold lightly,
from i-Yekeyeke, a person whose attention is easily distracted.
ului-Gongota, to beat often,
from i-Gongo, a swelling.
8. Causative, formed by adding sa to the stem, and corresponding to the suffix isa
formed from weak verbal stems, as :
uku-kwalasa, to eat unripe maize,
from kwala, nearly ripe.
uku-Dulusa, to incline towards,
from u-Duludulu, continual disagreement.
uku-Tumisa, to hurt an old wound,
from in-Tumintunu, easily irritated.
Compound verbal forms from strong stems.
The primary verbal forms from strong stems may be combined— as indicated by the
following table— in a great variety of ways.
Compound form Stem
Reduplicated Qittqiti QUI
„ -effective Bovubovula Bdvu
„ -stative Guquguqiika Guqu
„ „ -reciprocal Qiwuqiwukana Qlwu
,, -factitive Nkentenkentesa Nkente
„ -progressive
Nxenxhela
„ „ -reciprocal
Nxinxizelana
„ „ -relative
Nxenxizelela
Effective
Xwila
„ -reciprocal
Nqamlana
„ -relative
Xovulela
„ -stative
Cubuleka
., -causative
Golisa
Stative
Puluka
-reciprocal
Pulukam
-2
Guqukeka
„ -relative
Qetukela
„ „ -reciprocal
Capukelana
„ -causative
Fukukisa
„ „ -reciprocal
Cnpukisana
„ „ -relative
Vitikisela
Factitive
Hlekeza
[ „ -relative
( Progressive
Hlekezela
Dimftzela
f Factitive -relative -reciprocal
X Progressive -reciprocal
Qekezelana
Dumzelana
Progressive -stative
Pepezeleka
( „ -causative
(.Factitive -relative -causative
Duduzelisa
Menyezelisa
Progressive -relative
Bengezelela
Factitive -stative
Botozeka
„ -causative
Hilizisa
Durative
Pazima
„ -reduplicated
Xmnaxuma
„ -relative
Piitumela
„ „ -reciprocal
Lulatnelana
„ -stative
Lulameka
„ -causative
Pazimisa
„ „ -relative
Lulamisela
Operative
Diba
„ -reciprocal
Dibana
„ „ -causative
Dibanisa
„ -relative
Tsibela
» » -2
Nxibelela
„ „ „ -reciprocal
Nxibelelana
» „ „ -stative
Dibeleleka
„ -stative
Ngqubeka
Ingressive
Nandipa
„ -relative
Nandipela
„ -stative
Ncipeka
„ -causative
Ncipisa
„ „ -relative
Ncipisela
Punctative
Kweleta
„ -relative
Kweletila
„ „ -reciprocal
Kweletelana
„ „ -causative
Kweletelisa
„ -stative
Nyinyiteka
„ „ -causative
Nyinyitekisa
„ -causative
Hlokotisa
„ „ -relative
Namatisela
Nxi
Nxi
Nxi
Xwi
Nqam
Xovu
Cuba
Go
Pululu
Pululu
Guqu
Qetu
Capu
Fuku
Capi
Viti
Hleke
Hleke
Dimfi
Qeke
Dumdum
Pepe
Du du du
Menye
Benge
Bold
Hilt
Pazi
Xii
PutupM
Lula
Lula
Pazi
Lula
Di
Di
Di
Tsi
Nxi
Nxi
Di
Ngqu
Mnandi
Mnandi
Nci
Nci
Nci
Kwkle
Kwkle
Kwkle
Kwkle
Nyinyi
Nyinyi
Hloko
Nama
strong stems wanted. A critical examination of Kafir verbs, based on the facts
that have been brought forward in connection with Primary or Strong stems indicates that
there are in Kafir many verbal forms now in use which have sprung from strong stems that
have not — as far as the present edition of the Dictionary is concerned — been detected as
occurring nowadays in Kafir. A list of such words is attached, in order that students of
the language may help in gathering strong stems which may still be in use, though omitted
in this edition, or in tracing the stems in allied languages.
The strong stems are hinted at by a division of the words, as dabu-la and dabu-ka,
whose root is found in the Zulu ukuti-dabu; and pub u-ka and pubu-za, whose root is found
in the Zulu ukutipubu ; in the case or four-syllabled words ending in-liila or-luka, the pro-
bable stem is a four-syllabled word ending in lulu, as shwabulula from ukutl-shwabululu.
In the present edition of the dictionary, a number of these verbal forms have been
entered under the corresponding weak stems, as etiika under eta, and jwaqulula under jwaqa
but the conclusions from the present investigation would suggest their separation from the
corresponding weak stems. Let them be placed under the strong stems, if such are known,
or else let them stand by themselves.
Strong Stem
Effective form
ahlu-la
andlu-la
ane-la
Stative form
aJdu-ka
alu-ka
Causative form
alu-sa
Factitive or
Progressive
ane-za
apu-la
apu-ka
apu-sa
balu-la
bambe-zela
bange-zela
bo-la
bo-zisa
bongo-za
buku-la
buhi-za
Z. ukut'i-bushu
bushu
bushu-la
bushu-za
cengce-zela
Z. ukutt-dabu
dabu-la
dima-la
dlatu-la
duma-la
dwabu-lula
hlwabu-la
jwaqu-lula
kala-la
kanye-la
kata-la
kubu-la
kumbu-la
kuta-la
liba-la
dabu-ka
dlatu-ka
divabu-luka
etu-ka
fudu-ka
godu-ka
hlalu-ka
etu-sa
fudu-sa
godu-sa
hlwabu-sa
kubu-sa
dima-za
duma-za
fut^-za
gqibe-za
hlalu-zela
hlenge-zela
kala-za
kanye-za
kata-za
kumbu-za
kuta-za
liba-zisa,
Strong stem
Effective fonii
Stative form
Causative form
nabu-lula
nabu-luka
ndulu-la
ridulu-ka
nqiitu-la
nqutu-ka
nyu-la
nyu-ka
nyu-sa
opu-la
oyi-ka
oyi-sa
pala-la
pala-ka
pengu-lula
Z. ukuti-pubu
pubu-ka
Factitive or Progressive
meme-za
pala-la
pala-ka
phla-za
pileke-zela
pengu-lula
pinde-zela
pubu-ka
pubu-za
pume-za
punge-zela
qamba-ka
qamba-za
qandu-la
qandu-sela
shutnaye-la
shutnaye-za
shwabu-lula
shwabu-luka
sonde-la
sonde-za
sudu-ka
sudu-sa
tumbu-ka
tumbu-sa
vute-zela
xamle-za
xine-zela
xugxu-zela
xwebu-la
xwebu-ka
zungule-za
we-la
we-za
Students of Kafir will recognise that this enquiry into strong stems and their derivatives
might be carried still deeper and result in the breaking up into their component parts of
many dissyllabic words that in the meantime have been allowed to pass as stems ; some of
the suffixes referred to above run right through the dictionary, e.g.-la (bala, bala, bila, bula,
bula, cala, cela, cila, cula, etc. ), or-pa (bopa, cbpa, cupa, kapa, papa, pepa,pipa, pupa). Concentrated
study on such words ought to yield profitable results by leading us straight to the elemental
syllables on which the language is built up.
B Secondary or Weak Stems.
Secondary stems consist almost entirely of Kafir verbs in the usually accepted
grammatical sense, i.e. of words after the pattern of M^M-i*a, uku-TsJia, uku-Wa. That
these verbs are derived from older strong stems is shewn by many illustrations from
current Kafir, as uku-Tsha to burn, from ukutt-Tshe; uku-Bukuqa to overthrow, from
ukuti-Bukuqu; uku-Cima to extinguish, from ukutiChni; and such illustrations suggest that
a very fruitful line of study lies in investigating the origin of the weak verbal stems
ending in a.
From these weak stems are derived many verbal forms either
[I] by the direct addition of one or more syllables, or
[II] by the addition of one or more syllables with an accompanying change in the
final a of the weak stem.
I. The outstanding simple forms derived from weak stems by the direct addition of a
suffix without any alteration of the final a are : —
1. Reduplicated, as Bexabixa (from Bexa), to mix by stirring.
In such a word as Hlaktihlakula, it seems at first sight as if the reduplication
were confined to the first two syllables, but fuller knowledge will probably shew
that this word as well as others (Cdbacabasa, Cazucazulula and Cwilicwilisha) are
reduplications of dissyllabic strong stems with a suffix added.
2. Reciprocal, formed by adding na to the weak stem, and expressing relationship
between two parties both of which may be included in the subject or one of which
may be the subject and the other the complement of the verb ; as Tandana (from
Tanda) to love one another.
The verb uku-Tsho makes uku-Tshono in the reciprocal.
3. Intensive Effective, formed by the addition of lala to the weak stem, as:
Fumbalala, to lie in a heap,
from Fumba, to heap up.
Pangalala, to scatter abroad,
from Panga, to seize. <
Tshangalala ( = Tshanga), to be hasty.
4. Intensive Stative, formed by the addition of kala to the weak stem, as:
Bonakala, to appear,
from Bona, to see.
Fihlakala, to be mysterious,
from Fihla, to hide.
Vakala, to be audible,
from Va, to hear.
5. Progressive, formed by the addition of zela to the weak stem, as:
Babazela, to flap about,
from Baba, to flutter.
Ndandazela ( = Ndanda), to flutter about.
Papazela, to flap the wings,
from Papa, to flap.
Xapazela, to splash,
from Xapa, to lap.
6. Durative, formed by the addition of ma to the weak stem, as:
Bahama, to be furious,
from Baba, to flutter.
Otama, to lounge,
from Ota, to warm oneself at a fire.
Papama, to be wakeful,
from Papa, to become awake.
Tozama (= Toza), to be quiet.
Xakama, to be suspended by being caught in a tree,
from Xaka, to puzzle or hinder.
7. Punctative, formed by the addition of ta to the weak stem, as:
Dubata, to perplex,
from Diiba, to mix.
Fumbata, to grasp and keep,
from Fumba, to pile up.
Lambata, to be destitute,
frcm Lamba, to become hungry.
XIX.
II. The outstanding simple forms derived from weak stems by the addition of a suffix
with an accompanying change in the final a are: —
1 . Relative, formed by changing final a into ela, and indicating that the action of
the verb is directed towards some person, animal, place, or thing, as:
Bopela, to bind for,
from Bopa to bind.
N.B. uku-Tsho forms ukuTsholo, and the adv. Kd when affixed to a pronoun may
assume the form kolo.
2. 5tative, formed by changing final a into eka, as:
Lahleka, to be lost,
from Lahla, to throw away.
Gauleka, to be fit for chopping or to be chopped,
from Gaula, to chop.
3. Causative, formed by changing final a into -isa, as:
Ngenisa, to bring in,
from Ngena, to enter.
Tengisa, to sell,
from Tenga, to buy.
Compound Verbal forms from Weak stems.
In the following table some indication is given of the variety of ways in which
the simple forms from weak stems may be combined : —
Compound form
Reduplicated Bojabdja
Reduplicated-reciprocal Betabetana
,, -relative Citac'itela
,, -relative -2 Piimapumelela
„ -stative Gxobagxobika
„ -causative Palapalisa
Reciprocal Tandana
Reciprocal -causative Bambanisa
„ „ -reciprocal Kmdanisana
„ „ -relative Futanisela
Intensive-effective
Intensive-stative
-causative
„ -relative
-relative
„ -causative
-causative
Progressive
„ -relative
„ -causative
Durative
„ -relative
„ -causative
Punctative
„ -relative
„ -stative
„ -causative
„ -reciprocal Pambaniselana
-stative Betaniseka
Pangalala
Pangalalisa
Pangalalisela
Bonakala
Bonakalela
Bonakalelisa.
Bonakalisa
(intensified) Bonakalalisa
-relative Bonakalisela
(intensified) Bonakalalisela
Papazela
Papazelela
Xapazelisa
Papama
Papamela
Papamisa
Dubata
Fumbatela
Dubateka
Fumbattsa
Weak stem
Bdja
Beta
CM
Puma
Gxoba
Pala
Tanda
Bamba
Khnda
Futa
Pamba
Beta
Panga
Papa
Xapa
Papa
Duba
Fumba
Duba
Fumba
Compound form
Relative
Abela
Relative-reciprocal
Abelana
„ „ -causative
Xolelanisa
„ -stative
Bandezeleka
,f „ -2
Vumelekeka
„ „ -relative
Nqwenelekela
„ „ -causative
Fanelekisa
„ -causative
Pelelisa
„ „ -reciprocal
Gqibelisana
„ „ -relative
Sitelisela
„ ,. „ -reciprocal
Eyeliselana
„ „ -stative
Eyeliseka
» -2
Bingelela
„ -2 -reciprocal
Fikelelana
,. „ „ -causative
Lungelelanisa
„ „ „ „ -relative
Lungelelanisela
„ „ -stative
Sikeleleka
„ „ -causative
Memelelisa
„ -3
Enzelelela
„ „ -causative
Patelehlisa
Stative
Abeka
„ -reciprocal
Lahlekana
„ „ -causative
Lahlekanisa
-relative
Galelekela
„ „ -2 -reciprocal
Xomekelelana
„ -causative
Famkisa
„ „ -reciprocal
Lahlekisana
„ „ -relative
Fanekisela
-2
Ganekeka
Causative
Misa
„ -reciprocal
Bolekisana
„ -relative
Ftimblsela
„ „ -reciprocal
Miselana
„ „ -stative
Miseleka
„ V -2
Lungiselela
„ „ » -reciprocal
Lungiselelana
„ -stative
Andiseha
-2
Bikisisa
„ „ -reciprocal
TMsisana
„ „ -intransitive
Visiseka
Weak stem
Aba
Aba
Xola
Bandeza
Vutna
Nqwena
Fana
Pila
Gqiba
Sita
Eya
Eya
Binga
Fika
Lunga
Lunga
Sika
Mema
Enza
Pata
Aba
Lahla
Lahla
Galela
Xbma
Fana
Lahla
Fana
Gana
Ma
Boleka
Fnntba
Ma
Ma
Lunga
Lunga
Anda
Bika
Teih
Va
XXI.
Enquiry into the present state of our knowledge of Kafir nouns.
Table of prefixes. The following table shows the various forms of the prefixes for
the eight classes of Kafir nouns:
Class Sing. Plur.
aba (dbe, ab)
Hi (i)
ulu (ul, ulw)
ulwa
urn (u)
ubu (ub, uty)
uku (uk, ukw)
ama (am)
Izin (in)
izim (im)
izi (iz)
'za
Izin, izim, izi
The u of cl. I is a personifying prefix, standing apart from um of the same class. The
changes in the form of the prefix in all the other classes are due to the euphonic demands
of the language.
Nouns of class 1. Nouns of class I are very distinctly divided into two groups, (I)
those with the prefix um, denoting persons, and (2) those with the prefix u, denoting mainly
personifications.
(l) Nouns with prefix um, when derived from other stems, are subject to the following
1. When derived from nouns, adjectives or adverbs, they retain the stem of the
noun, adjective or adverb unchanged :
um-Yeke, an unstable person from i-Yekeyeke
um Dala, an elder „ Dala, old
um-Pantsi, an inferior „ Pantsi, beneath
2. When derived from weak verbal stems or from any secondary form of such
weak stems, with the exception of the reciprocal form, they change the final a
of the active voice into /, and retain the final a of the passive voice:
um-Bulali, a murderer tim-Bulawa, a murdered person from Bulala
um-Bambi, a captor um-Banjwa, a captive from Bamba
um-Fundisi, a missionary ww-i^M^z^iswa, one being trained from Funda
um-Dunyelwa, one renowned from Duma
3. When derived from the reciprocal, they soften the final aio e:
um-Alane, an opponent from reciprocal form of Ala
um-Alamane, a relative „ Alama
um-Gqwagqwane, an excited person „ Gqwagqwa
um-Lingane, a companion „ Linga
um-Melwane, a neighbour „ Ma
um-Zingane, an importunate person „ Zinga
One other word um-Mbitele, a person who dies without revealing his wickedness,
from Mbltela, follows this rule.
N.B. aba-Ncedani fellow-helpers, and um-Tengelani a customer, are exceptions but
may both be translators' coinages.
XXll.
4. Compound nouns retain the full form of the simple noun from which they are derived :—
um-Gcini-sihlalo and iim-Hlali-ngnpambili, a chairman.
um-Lilisi-xilongo and iim-Videli-xilongo, a trumpeter.
wn-Nist-mviila, a rain-maker.
um-Pumi-mkosi, a warrior.
um-Veli-nqangi, the great First Cause.
um-Wisi-mteto, a prophet.
um-Pitikezi-mayeza, a chemist.
N.B. um-Lala-kanye, and umSul'udaka are exceptions.
(2) The prefix m of class I, as far as derivative nouns are concerned, is the personifying
prefix and may be prefixed to any part of speech or even to a| phrase to form a
personified noun. Such nouns retain the form of the stem from which they are
derived. A representative selection of such nouns is given to shev, the wide range of
the sources from which they are derived.
from dent. pron. Naiitsi
adj. Nyulushe
adv. Napakade
i-Gogode, cl. 2. sing.
i-Nyarini, cl. 2. sing.
ama-Gungqti, cl. 2. plur.
i-Nkomo, cl. 3. sing.
i-Nqahe, cl. 3. sing, (dimin.'form).
isi-Xenxe, cl. 4. sing.
u-Nyaivo, cl. 5. sing.
Biiha, imperat. plur.
Pumla ' let us rest'
ukutt-Poqo
ukutt-Xamfu
Guqiika
Gweva
Ngcotsha
Vimba
phr. 'Bring down pride'
phr. 'Agreeing to everything'
phr. 'Above the arm'
phr. 'Laughed at by a dog'
phr. 'Asking the leavings ' of milk
in the cow's udder'
The combinations u-No 'mother of and u-So 'father of are referred to at length
in the body of the dictionary.
N.B. urn-Tina, one of us, belongs to this group, forming its plural om-Tina.
u-Gejane, a tramp, follows the analogy of reciprocals.
The following compound nouns, entered under cl. 5 in the dictionary, should be
assigned to this group of cl. I : u-F'eptwe, u-Jongwa-lipela, u-Gqada-mbekweni, u-NqapHa-
ndikiile and u-Qukulti-bede.
u-Nantsi, So-and-so
u-Nyulushe, the Spotless One
u-Napakade, eternity
u-Gogode, September
ti-Nyarini, a red-eyed person
u-Magungqu, a vole
u-Nkomo, a strong man
u-Nqatyana, a sparrow
H-Sixhtxe, 'odd man'
o-Nyawo-ntle, bringers of good tidings
u-Bubani, bubonic (lit. 'die ye')
u-Masipumle, a 'bed' in a girls' game
u-Poqo, a religious sect
ii-Xamfu, a policeman
u-Guqiika, the bateleur
u-Gwei:n, an illicit diamond-buyer
u-Ngcotsha, a fast runner
u-Vimba, a store-room
u-Tob' iratshi, rinderpest
u-Vuma-zonke, Pliable
u-Pezukomkono, the red-chested cuckoo
u-Hlekwa yinja, a defective maize-cob
u-CeV izapolo, Venus as an evening star
XXlll.
Nouns of class a.
1. Nouns of class 2 derived from strong verbal stems, from adjectives or adverbs,
retain the stem unchanged, as:
i-Pasalala, discord from ukuti-Pasalala
i-Bengehenge, a glittering thing „ ukuti-Bengehenge
i-Fittti, moistness of the skin „ ukuti-Fit'iti
i-Bodlo, a tumble-down building „ ukuti-Bodlo
i-Batu, a handful „ ukuti-Batu
i-Tytimtyum, a brittle thing „ iikutt-Tyum
ama-Ngabangaba, may-be may-be's „ Ngaba
i-Katnva, the consequence „ Kamva
i-Rwola, a nearly-ripe fruit „ Rwala
ama-TUetUe, certain things „ Tile
i-Pakati, a councillor „ Pakati
i-Pukupuku, a fit of anger „ Pitkupukii
Except when the derived noun is put in the diminutive, as:
i-Badlubadlwana, a tattered thing from ukutt-Badlu
i-Botobotwana, a baby „ ukuti-Boto
2. Compound words retain unchanged the stem of the first word in the compound, as:
i-Hlala-nyatt, lit. sitting on the buffalo, a kind of bird,
i-Ceba-zinto, lit. devising things, a counsellor.
i-Pemba-shiya, lit. kindling and leaving, a tale-bearer.
i-Qaba-mbola, lit. painting with ochre, a 'red'.
i-Twala-ndwe, lit. bearing the crane-feathers, a warrior.
ama-Vela-mva, lit. appearing afterwards, offspring.
3. Personal words derived from the passive voice of weak verbs also retain the stem
unchanged, as:
i-Giqwa, one who is satisfied from Giqa
i-Konxwa, a prisoner „ Konxwa
i-Tenwa, a eunuch „ Tena
The non-personal i-Bulawo murder, from Bulala, follows the usual rule of non-personal
derivatives.
4. In the case of words derived from weak verbal stems, it has not been found possible
to reach definite conclusions; from the pages of this edition may be culled illustrations of
words ending in a, e, i, 0 and u, entered as if derived from weak verbal stems, but whether
all these illustrations are rightly entered remains an open question. Further knowledge
will probably reveal another and a truer affinity for the two words ending in u, viz.
i-Gabugabu, and i-Rurti.
Nouns derived from the reciprocal forms of the verb generally soften the final a to e,
as:—
i-Bungane, a kind of beetle from reciprocal form of Biinga
i-Dlelane, a consort „ Dla
i-Kolwane, a friend „ Kolwa
i-Qabane, a companion „ Qaba
i-Tshabane, a rouglxperson „ Tshaba
But the following words, also ending in e, are not so derived: i-Bexebexe (which is the
stem of Bexeza), ama-Bope, i-Cule, i-Fute, i-Gcahe, i-Gcabe, i-Gexegexe, i-Gungiibele, i-Gwegwe,
i-Gxeke (stem of Gxekeza), i-Hlalutye, i-Kete, i-Kohlekohle, i-Konye, i-Liuge, i-Nqiueme, i-Fike,
i-Qdle, i-Shweshwe, i-Sinde, i-Site and i-Tende. They are entered here in order to provoke
enquiry.
5. O in this class, as in others, is the distinctive non-personal termination, as:
i-Baviwio, a growl from Bavuma
i-Beto, a song of triumph „ Beta
i-Xiloiigo, a trumpet „ Xilonga
The apparent exceptions are, as Bennie suggests, possibly derived directly from
class 7, and only indirectly from the weak verbal stem :
i-Limtko, a wise person from ubu-Lumko, wisdom
i-Nono, a gentleman „ ubu-Nono, respectability
i-Tshijolo, a rascal „ ubu-Tshijolo, rascality
i-F//tf, a stupid person „ m^m-F//*?, stupidity
6. The terminations a and / may indicate either personal or non-personal words, but the
rules guiding their formation are not yet apparent. As personal words may be given the
following :
i-Bida, a thief i-Bidi, a confounder from Bida
i-Cula, and iCitli, a skilful person „ Cilia
iVimba and j-FhM^i, a stingy person „ Vimbi
i-Bada, a thief ,, Bada
i-Gcisa, an expert „ Gcisa
i-Gqweta, a law-agent ^ „ Gqweta
i-Roti, a hero „ Rota
i-Tshitshi, a loafer „ Tshitsha
i-Xoki, a liar „ Xoka
As non-personal words may be given :
i-Dinga, a promise „ Dinga
i-Linga, an attempt „ Linga
ili-Va, feeling „ Va
i-Ratshi, pride „ Ratsha
i-Tontsi, a drop „ Tontsa
i-Xayi, a peg „ Xaya
As words which may be either personal or non-personal may be given:
i-Ncwaba, a grave or a grave-watcher from Ncwaba
i-Xaba, a bar or a contentious person „ Xaba
Nouns of class 3.
I. The prefix of class 3 in- is found unchanged before the consonants d, g, j, k, t and z,
as: in-Delo, in-Goiio, in -Jolt, in-Katazo. ift-Teio, in-Zalo,
Before m, n and simple h, as also before borrowed words, it is shortened to i, as:
t-Mbatsha, i-Ntcnetya, i-Hambo, i-Kofu (Coffee), i-Ti (Tea).
Before labials b, p, /, v it becomes im, as :
im-Bangeli, im-Pasalala, im-Fakwa, im-Veli.
Before a simple click it demands the voiced sound and the prefix becomes ing, as:
ing-Camango, ing-Qwenga, ing-Xiibe.
Before an aspirated click it demands the sharp sound of the click, as :
in-Citakalo, in-Qwisha, in-Xentsi.
Before 5 and sh it demands the insertion of / and becomes int, as:
int-Salela, int-ShumayeJo.
Before /, r and «• the prefix in- cannot stand, and, with the very doubtful exceptions
of i-Ruluwi and i-Rundasi both of which are probably borrowed words, no native
word belonging to class 3 is found beginning with these letters; foreign words,
however, occur with the prefix i, as:
i-Lamnni, i-Rasi, i-Wayini.
Before hi, it changes the h of the stem to /, as:
in-Tlalo, from uku-Hlala.
Before /, it hardens the / to d, as:
in-Dima, from uku-Lima.
in-Devu, from isi-Levu.
Before y there does not appear to be any derivative word of class 3 in Kafir.
from ukuti-Balakaxa
„
Getye
„
Fingi
„
Jobodo
„
Gqushu
Dumdum
„ adj.
Ngwevu
„ adj.
Pitip'iti
2. Words of this class derived from strong verbal stems or adjectives retain the
original stem intact, as:
hn-Balakaxa, a lazy person
in-Getyengetye, an overgrown person
im-FingimJingi, a mass of people
in-Jobodo, one that struggles
in-Gqushu, a well-trodden path
in-Dumdmn, muttering
i-Ngwevu, a grey-headed man
im-P'ithnpiti, uproar
In the body of the dictionary the following exceptions are found, and are noted
here for further enquiry :
im-Pinzane, a hermit,
from ukuti-Pinzi, to yield only a glimpse in passing.
im-Pepo, a gentle breeze,
from ukutt-Pepe, to flutter.
int-Sihlo, the caper-bush,
from ukuttSihli, to be pitch-dark.
im-Viko, a goad,
from ukutl-Viki, to be broken off short.
3. Compound words also generally retain intact the original stem of the first word in
the compound:
im-Faka-dolo, a breechloader from Faka
in-Gqibela-qoyi, the end
in-Kuba-bulongo, a dung-beetle
im-Puma-langa, the East
in-Tshona-langa, the West
im-Vela-nqangi, the great First Cause
im-Vusa-kufa, something bringing death
Gqiba rel. form
Kiiba
Puma
Tshdna
Vela
Vusa
Contrast, however, in-Tlek'abafazi, ing-Qonomfel'encwadini and intSengwebekwa.
4. Where words of this class have been derived from the reciprocal form of verbs or
assimilated to reciprocal forms they generally soften the final a to e, as:
itn-Balasane, that which is conspicuous from reciprocal form of Balasa
im-Belekane, something clinging to one
im-Btdane, something that confounds
in-Cucane, something perforated
in-Gqatsane, burning heat
in-Gumbane, an imaginary boring creature
in-Jalane, an ill-natured person
in-Kintsane, a jump
%'-Kul1lwane } ^ fellow-countryman
i-Ngungane, a crowd
tm-Palane, a new hide garment
int-Shiyelaue, a remnant
in-Tatambane, a- frolicsome child
At the same time it is to be noted that quite a number of words derived from recipro-
cals—and especially from the passive voice— assume the recognised non-personal termina-
tion of 0. Such words are: im-Balelano and im-Balelwano, itn-Bambano, im-Bangiswano,
im-Bukwano, in-Kulelwano, im-Pikiswnno, in-Teugehvano, Un-Vtsisano and im Visiswano,
im-Vuselelwano ; in some instances these may^belong to the plural of cl, 5.
Bida
Chca
Gqatsa
Gumba
Jala
Kintsa
Kula
Ngunga
Pala
Shiya
Tatamba
XXVI.
5. A number of nouns ending in e and not explained by the above rules have been
entere' as derivatives from weak verbal stems; they are gathered here for reference,
in oroer that they may be submitted by students to closer examination. These words are :
im-Bamhk, im-Bencebence, iniBdndembdnde, im-Bune, in-Jube, in-Kelenkele, in-Ket^, in-Kutne-
nkume, i-Neenceshe, itn-Pangele, tm-Pohole, in-Tende, in-Tungele, im-Vume, ing-Xiibe. In some
instances at least they will be found to be derived from strong verbal stems and to accord
with rule 2 above.
6. Three words ending in u : im-Bacu, i-Ntlantlu and i-Nxiinxu, have been inserted as
derivatives of weak verbal stems, but they may have to be removed from their present place.
7. O in derivative nouns of class 3 is distinctively non-personal, as :
im-Pilo, health from Pila
intSabo, flight „ Saba
ing-Qondo, understanding „ Qonda
8. Nouns of this class ending in a or /, and derived from weak verbal stems, may be
either personal or non-personal, though preference is given to a for non-personal, and to i
for personal, significations. The idea of expertness or excellence often attaches to the
personal nouns of this class ending in i.
As personal words may be given:
i-Ndongela, a weak person from Ndongela
im-Panza, dispersed people „ Panza
in-Tanda, a beloved one „ Tanda
in-Tshatshela, a hero „ Tshatshela
in-Kosi, a chief „ Koka
in-Kweli, a good horseman ,, Kwela
i-Nyabi, a fool „ Nyaba
intShumayeli, a fine speaker „ Shumayela
As non-personal words may be given :]
i-Mbatsha, barrenness from Mbatsha
i-Ncwina, a moan „ Ncwina
intSalela, remnant „ Sala
im-Pinda, the double „ Phtda
i-Nqolotici, the back of the head „ Nqolonca
in-Jikelczi, going round and round „ Jikeleza
ing-Xozi, fine inner bark „ Xoza
intSomi, a fable „ Soma
Some words, as i-Nqala and int-Suzi, may have both a personal and a non-personal
meaning.
Nouns of class 4.
I. The prefix isi of class 4 becomes is before the vowels a, e and 0, the only exceptions
being isi-Aha-aha, which is an onomatopoetic word, and isi-Alam from Du. arm. It occurs in
the form isa in over forty different words, and in this form may be further varied by the
addition of w or n to meet the euphonic demands of the language, as:
isa-Bbbb, something wide and deep cf i-Bbbb, a hole
isa-Dyenge, a tear starting
isa-nDawane, the spotted hyena
isa-mPompolo ")
isa-Pbmpolo j
Sii ] a young .hoc,
isa-tnVemve, a wagtail
In forty other words it is not certain whether the a of isa is part of the prefix or part
of the stem.
a vicious kind of ant
isi-Dyengedyenge]
Z. isi-Dawane
isi-Pbnipolo.
um-Vemve
2. Nouns of class 4 derived from strong verbal stems or from adjectives retain the
stem unchanged :
isi-Kahla, things cast in a heap from ukutt-Kahla
isa-Mbembe, a bore „ Mbenibe
isi-Tshikitshiki, one who despises his friends „ Tshiki
isa-Ngco, a sweetheart „ Ngco
isi-Pitu, a squinting eye „ Petu
isi-Nqam, a bit of a thing „ Nqam
isi-Fittpiti, confusion adj. Pittpiti
isi-Potopoto, a nimble person „ Pbtbpbtb
isi-Pukupuku, a senseless person „ Pukupiiku
3. Compound words generally retain unchanged the stem of the first word of the
compound :
isi-Bulala-mntu, a murderer.
isi-Dla-kudla, a glutton.
isi-Vuka-mpunzi, one who starts a discussion.
isi-Tuta~ndaba, a scandal-carrier.
Contrast, however, isi-Munguny' igazi, a blood-sucking fly.
4. Nouns derived from the passives of weak verbal stems remain unchanged when
personal, but change the final aXo 0 when non-personal :
isi-Tandwa, a loved one from Tanda
isi-Dalwa, a creature „ Dalu
isi-Gxekwa, a laughing-stock „ Gxeka
isi-Shiywa, a forsaken woman „ Shtya
isi-Tunywa, a messenger „ Tuma
isi- Tungwa, a silent person „ Tunga
is-Aktwo, a building „ Aka
isi-Biwo, theft „ Ba
isi-Bulawo, the magical cause of death „ Bulala
5. Nouns derived from the reciprocal forms of the verb or assimilated to reciprocal
forms generally soften the final ato e :
is-Alamane, a relative from reciprocal form of Alama
isi-Tandatie, a trusty person „ Tanda
isi-Zolane, a grave person „ Zola
isi-Qalatie, a termite heap just forming (dimin. form)
A number of non-personal nouns derived from reciprocals take the distinctive
non-personal ending oio, as: is-Ahlukano, is-Ahlukahlukano, is-Ahlulelwano, isi-Lungelano and
isi-Pikiswano.
The following words ending in e, though not derived from reciprocals, have been
entered under weak verbal stems and are noted here to stimulate research : isi-Bexebexe,
isi-Dubedube, isa-Dunge, isi-Gwegwe, isa-Nabe, isa-Nuse, isa-Qunge, isi-Ralarume, isi-Sinde,
. isi-Pbti and isi-Tite. Some at least of these are derived from strong verbal stems.
6. Three nouns ending in m, namely isiPiindlupundlu, isi-Gudu and isi-Tulu, have
been inserted in the dictionary as derivatives of weak stems. The two latter
instances raise the question of the power of m in a penult to attract under certain
conditions the final vowel Vo u also.
7. As in classes 2 and 3, 0 at the end of a noun derived from a weak verbal stem is
the distinctive non-personal termination, as :
is-Ono, sin from Ona
isi-Gqibo, a decision „ Gqiba
isi-Kalazo, a complaint „ Kalaza
from
Ala
Banxa
„
Jora
Gidima
Ona
"
Swela
from
Dumba
„
Paluka
„
Tya
„
Goca
„
Vika
„
Xw&la
ed from other nouns,
iim-Kweta
um-Xosa
ili-Zive
in-Dwe
tim-Nga
ubu-Lumko
8; The terminations a and i may indicate either personal or non-personal words.
As personal words may be given :
is-Ala, an obstinate person
isi-Banxa, a fool
isi-Jora, a violent person
isi-Gidimi, a messenger
is-Oni, a sinner
isi-Stveli, a poor person
As non-personal words may be given :
isi-Dumha, a heap
isi-Paluka, discontent
isi-Tya, a dish
isi-Goci, eloquence
isi-Viki, a shield
isiXwali, loss
9. In this class a number of words have been deri\
isi-Kweta, the language of the abahveta from
isi-Xosa, the Kafir language „
isi'Zwe, a tribe „
isi-Ndwe, crane-feathers „
isi-Nga, an acacia clump „
isi-Lumko, a wise person „
Nouns of class 5.
I. The prefix of class 5, ulii (in its contracted form n), becomes m/w before stems beginning
with the vowels a and e, and ul before those beginning with i and 0, as:
ulw-Abo, manner of dividing from ukw-Aba
ulw-Enzelelelo , vicarious action „ ukw-Ema
ul-Ibo, first fruit „ ukw-Iba (uku-Ba)
ul-Olulo, stretching out „ uk-Olula
Before some stems beginning with m and n, iilw becomes ulwa, as:
ulwa-Mvila, a sting from ukutt-Mvi
lilwa-Ndile, sound „ uku-Ndila
ulwa-Ndyula, heavy pain „ uku-Ndyula
ulwa-Nana, a foolish braggart cf. i-Nanamfti, a swollen thing
iilwa-Vela, alarm of conscience,
probably comes from uku-Vela, and, if so, belongs to
this group.
In single instances ulwa demands an m before/, an n before t, and a t before s:
ulwa-mFitl, a shrub with edible fruit ; cf. isi-Fitu
ulwa-nTunge, a shiftless person; cf. uhi-Tungatunga and uku-Tungata to roam about.
ulwa-tSaka, a disorderly heap; cf. in-Tsnkantsaka, a disorderly scattering, from
ukutiSaka, to scatter, as seed about a field.
The exact relationships of the following words, and consequently the exact form of
the prefix, have yet to be determined: ulw-Acane, ulw-Agcibe, ulw-Amityi, ulw-Angwtli,
ulw-Attle and ulw-Avivi.
N.B. u-Lamnyani and u-Lamtsasa have been entered in the dictionary as belonging to
this class. They are personified nouns of class I, the 'Lam' being the Em. equivalent of
'No' 'mother of.
XXIX.
The plural izin, contracted in, is subject to the same euphonic changes as the prefix
of cl. 3.
u-Bambo, a rib plur. im-Bamho
u-Fudo, a tortoise „ im-Fudo
ulu-Vo, feeling „ izim-Vo
ti-Cango, a door „ ing-Cango
u-Qambu, ligament of the tongue „ ing-Qambu
u-Xande, a square house „ ing-Xande
ulu-Cwi, saliva „ izin-Cwe
u-Qwitela, a whirlwind „ in-Qwitila
u-Xaxazo, an ankle ornament „ in-Xaxazo
ulti-Su, skin „ izin-tSu
u-Hlati^a, a tribe „ in-Tlanga
ulu-Mvi, a hair „ izi-Mvi
u-Nwele, a hair „ i-Nwele and ama-Nwele
(with difference of meaning)
u-Nwabu, a chameleon „ i-Nivabu and ama-Nwabu
u-Lovane, a chameleon „ i-Lovane and ama-Lovane
ulu-Re, a rumour „ ama-Re
It will be noticed that class 5 plural escapes the difficulty of in before r by resorting
to the plural form of class 2, and that it escapes the similar difficulty of in before / by
contracting in to i. The younger generation use plural forms of class 2 somewhat
commonly for nouns of this class; in addition to ama-Nwabu and ama-Lovane they have
also ama-Bondo, ama-Fudo and ama-Swazi.
2. Nouns of class 5, formed from strong verbal stems or from adjectives, retain
the stem intact, as:
u-Babalala, wide extent from ukuti-Babalala
ulu-Dwe, a row „ „ Dwe
u-Ncwalazi, early twilight „ „ Ncwalazi
u-Fukufuku, a loose heap „ „ Ftiku
u-Dumdum, muttering „ „ Dumdum
u-Tywinetywine, that which clings „ adj. Tywinetywine
u-Ninzi, the majority „ „ Ninzi
u-Kulu, the many „ „ Kulu
N.B. Three words in the dictionary seem to contradict this rule : u-Fehlo weakness,
from ukuti-Fehle ; u-Viko a pointed pole, from ukuti-Viki, and u-Mfixo (with u-Mfixane)
stuffiness of the nose, from ukuti-Mftxi.
3. As the nouns of class 5 are mainly non-personal, they assume the distinctive non-
personal ending of 0 when derived from weak verbal stems, as :
u-Hambo, a journey from Hamha
u-Manyano, union „ Manya
u-Velwano, sympathy „ Va
uShwesho, marrying without uduli „ Shweshwa
u-Liwo, fight „ Lwa
u-Bujiso, destruction „ Bubh
N.B. For the omission of w before 0 in u-Shwesho and u-Bujiso, cf. isi-Kweko from
uku-Kwekwa.
4. A number of problems arise from a consideration of class 5 nouns entered in the
dictionary as derivatives from simple verbal stems.
i. The verb uku-Siza to succour, has three derived nouns of this class, viz: u-Sizo
help; u-Sizi sympathetic sorrow; and uSiza that which is helpful.
ii. The following words end in a : u-Futa, u-Hlanya, u-Kanda, u-Kida, ulwa-Ndyula,
ul-Obuza, u-Qwhnesha, u-Qwitela, u-Singa, in-Tupa, u-Tyukutya, u-Tywashumba,
u-Tywatywa, u-Walakahla and u-Xingwa.
iii. The following words end in e : u-Cente, u-Kke, u-Kombe, u-Ndwendwe , u-Ngungane
(reciprocal), u-Melwane (reciprocal), ulwa-Ndile, u-Poti, u-Tinde and ulwan- lunge.
iv. u-Gwali is more probably the stem of uku-Gwala than a derivative from it.
Nouns of class 6.
1. The only modification of the prefix of class 6 is the shortening of the sing, prefix
before m in the word ii-Moya, air.
2. Words of this class follow closely the rules for previous classes. Those formed
from strong verbal stems, from adjectives or adverbs, from the passives of verbs and from
nouns of other classes retain the stem intact.
inn-Puta, a fruitless plant from
iikuti-Puta
um-Kehlekehle, something worn out „
., Kihle
tim-Tsi, a jump „
» Tsi
um-Qapu, wild cotton „
„ Qhph
um-Pandle, the outside
adv. Pandle
um-Pantsi, the lower part „
adv. Pantsi
uni-Qalwa, a horse being broken in „
Qahx
um-Gotywa, a clasp-knife „
Goba
um-Pula, ear-wax „
im-Pula, n. J.
tim-Gazi, a blood-red bead „
i-Gazi, n. 2.
um-Sehenzi, work „
umSehenzi, n. I.
3. Compound words of this class retain the stem of the first word in the compound, as:
utn-Fa-ngqele, a hungry, lean thing.
um-Fa-nkungu, haziness.
um-Lima-ndlela, a boundary.
4. Words formed from the reciprocal form of verbs or assimilated to a reciprocal
termination end in e, as:
um-Alane, opposition from reciprocal form of Ala
um-Babane, itch or fury „ Baba
iim-Bizane, fascination „ Biza
um-Kusane, a screen „ Kusa
utn-Tsalane, fascination „ Tsala
MW-rM/i^fe^iKf, change of garments „ Tulula
um-Tezane (from ukutt-Teze), weakness after sickness, also follows this rule.
There are in addition in the dictionary the 'following five words ending in e,
entered as derivatives from weak stems: um-Londe, utn-Onde, um-Rube, um-Tende and
um Xengc.
5. Three words ending in u: iim-Dumbu a crowd of men sitting at a feast, um-Jivagu a
very lean animal, and um-Zungulu a climbing creeper, are entered as derivatives of weak
verbal stems ; all of these words demand further enquiry.
6. The distinctive termination for nouns of this class formed from weak verbal stems
is 0, but a few end in / and many end in a. The rules that guide the formation of the
words in a and / are not yet apparent. As examples of words ending in 0 may be given :
tim-Bono, a phenomenon from Botia
urn-Lingo, a temptation „ Linga
um-Kumezelo, a drizzling rain „ Kumezela
um-Qabo, paint „ Qa^a
um-Gongxo, a pit „ Gongxa
N.B. tim-Viko, the border of cultivated land, is entered as a derivative of the strong
stem uktitt-Viki.
The following end in i:
um-Gidi, a certain kind of feast from Gida
cf. um-Gido, a gift of provisions for a feast
um-Godi, an artificial shaft „ Goda
um-Hluzi, broth „ Hluza
um-Vumbi, smell from continuous rain „ Vitmba
um-Losi, a whistle „ Loza
XXXI.
Over thirty words ending in a have been entered as derivatives from weak verbal stems
and in at least three cases there are parallel words ending in o:
um-Pavtba, ambush um-Pambo, a circular handle from Pamba
um-Panga, loss by death um-Pango, the act of robbing „ Panga
um-Ftnda, revenge um-Pindo, a fold „ Phtda
The others ending in a are gathered together here for the purposes of study (the
prefix being omitted) : Basa, Baxa, Bevuza, Bongisa, Cwisha, Dla, Dlatuka, Duka, Dumba,
Gada, Godla, Gquba, Guxa, Kukula, Lahla, Nyoluka, Pa, Pangalala, Pmiga, Qukuqela,
Qwemesha, Sekela, Setuluka, Tambama, Timba, Tshaza, Vuka and Xaka. One word um-Lola,
is entered as from a strong stem, ukuti-Lote.
Nouns of class 7.
1. The prefix tibu is contracted to ub before e and o, as: ub-Enzeleleli, ub-Omelelo.
Before a it may remain uncontracted, as: ubu-Ata-ata and ubu-Atalala, or, in McLaren's
opinion, it may be palatalised, as in uty-Ani and utyw-Ala. McLaren's finding requires
further consideration especially in the case of u-Tywala, which appears also as ubu-Tywala
and even has a plural in-Dywala.
2, Nouns of this class describe a state and are in the majority of instances derived from
other nouns; a few are derived from adjectives and from strong verbal stems, and a
number are formed from weak verbal stems. The general rule applicable to nouns of this
class is that they retain intact the stem of the word from which they are derived. A few
words derived direct from the active voice of a weak verbal stem end in o. It is to be
noted that words formed from class 3 often make a new stem by incorporating the m or n
of the cl. 3 prefix.
ubu-Dala, age ' from adj. Dala
ubu-Mhlope, whiteness „ „ Mhlope
ubu-Manzi, wetness
ubu-Ngwevu, greyheadedness
ubu-Hlolo, state of being a widower
ubu-Bangara, disagreement
ubu-Mbozisa, corruption
ubu-Denge, stupidity
iibu-Ntombi, maidenhood
ubu-Ngcembe, tardiness
ubu-Gqwididi, doubt
ubu-Hlakanipa, cunning
ubu-Nyakama, moisture
tibu-Takata, witchcraft
Manzi
„ Ngwevu
um-Hlolo, n. I
i-Bangara, n. 2
im-Bbzisa, n. 3
isi-Denge, n. 4
bi-Ntombi, n. 3,
ukuti-Ngcembe
ukuti-Gqwididi
Hlakanipa
Nyakama
Takata
As examples of words formed from weak verbal stems by changing the final a \.o 0
may be given:
ubu-Cwayitb, joyfulness from Cwayita
ubu-Ncipo, low condition „ Ncipa
ubu-Kukuzo, sucking „ Kuktiza
3, The following nouns belonging to this class and believed to be derivatives demand
further enquiry :
ubu-Me, condition from Ma
ubu-Dwesi, foolhardiness „ Dwesa
uhu-Lanzi, state of need „ Lamba
^M-Jw^s/, aiiy. understandable „ Tweza
bu-Nkwalatnhesi, adv. hyprocritically „ Nkwalainbisa
Nouns of class 8.
As class 8 is simply the infinitive noun, it calls for no special consideration here.
Before a, ^ and / .the prefix becomes iikw, as: iikw-Aka, ukw-Enza, iikw-Indla ; and before
p it is contracted to uk, as: uk-Ona.
TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS.
absol. signifies
absolute
intens. signifies
intensive
adj.
adjective
interj. „
interjection
adv.
adverb
interrog. „
interrogative
aor.
aorist
Kaf.
Kafir
app.
appendix
lit.
literally.
aux.
auxiliary-
loc.
locative
card. „
cardinal
n. „
noun
caus. „
causative
N.B.
Note well I
cf.
compare
neg.
negative
cl.
class
num. „
numeral
comp.
compound
obj.
object, objective
condit. „
conditional
orig. „
originally
conj.
conjunction
P-
person
conj. and
partic. „
participle or particle
conjunct. „
conjunctive
pass. „
passive
contrac. ,,
contracted
perf. „
perfect
cop. „
copula
pers.
personal
dem. „
demonstrative
phr. „
phrase
diet.
dictionary
pi. and plur. „
plural
dimin. „
diminutive
pluperf. „
pluperfect
distrib. „
distributive
poss. „
possessive
Du.
Dutch
pot. and
e.g.
for example
potent. „
potential
Em. „
Embo (Fingo)
pref. „
prefix
emphat. „
emphatic
prep.
preposition
Eng. „
English
prepos. „
prepositional
esp.
especially
pres. „
present
etc.
et cetera (and so on)
pron. „
pronoun or pronominal
euphem. „
euphemistic
ref.
referring
fig.
figuratively
refl. or reflex.
reflexive
fr.
from
rel.
relative
fut.
future
sing. „
singular
HI.
Hlonipa
subj. „
subject, subjective
i.
intransitive
t. „
transitive
i.e. „
that is
temp. „
temporal
imperat. „
imperative
us. „
used
imperf.
imperfect
V. „
verb
ind. and indicat.
indicative
viz. „
namely
indef.
indefinite
voc. „
vocative
infinit. „
infinitive
Z.
Zulu
When a word is
printed in SMALL CAPITj"
LLS, this indicates that it has been borrowed
from Eng. or Du.
KAFIR-ENGLISH DICTIONARY.
A in Kafir is pronounced short as a in
English sofa: loena, thou; or long as
a in father : zvako, thine.
1. It terminates all verbal roots, except
iikuti, utiU.^ho and ukwazi, and is the only
inflected vowel in them : ukutanda, to love ;
ckutandeui, in loving.
2. This final a changes (a) in the nega-
tive of the pi-es. and imperf. tense of indi-
cat. mood, and in the conjunct., potent.,
condit., imperat. and infinit. moods of the
active voice into /; ndiyatandu, I love;
aiidiiandi, 1 do not love ; but remains un-
changed in the passive voice : anditandwa,
I am not loved, and in the conjunctive past
(aorist) tense : andatanda, and I loved not.
(b) In the subjunctive, conjunctive and
imperative moods it changes into e: ukuze
alande, that he may love; ahavibe, and
walk; Jitanditande, let me love; litande,
(ilizwi), love it (the word).
3. With the representative letters of the
governing nouns it forms
(a) The possessive particle: ua-ica, ia =
ya, etc., and changes the representative
letters of the dependent nouns, u into o, and
*' into e, as lun/azi wa-indoda = umfazi we-
ndoda, the wife of the man ; izinto za-
nmiitu — izinto zomntu, the things of the
person. (In poetry the a Ynay be unchanged:
iimj'azi irandoda).
Before proper names and in the loca-
tive cases the full form appears : tc7nntu
irase-Ku'ruxi, a man of Kubusi river ; faK^o
zaMi'Mldahcjii, things of the earth ;
(b) The verbal prefix of the aorist : iida-
ya, I went ; andaya, and I went not.
4. It is the pron. subj. of 2 cl. pi. in the
simple tenses of verbs: umahanht ayaba-
leka, the horses run; abahka, they ran; aha-
hkiU, they have run; ayn kubtdeka, they
will run ; and with adjectives : amahashe alii-
wjile, the horses are good; amatye anzima,
the stones are heavy.
5. It is the rel. pron. of 2 cl. pi. (a) form-
ing adjectives from verbs: amahashe aba-
lekayo, the horses which run, i.e. swift
horses; amadoda alungileyo, the men who
are good, i.e. the good men; and (b) ex-
pressing the possessive: amadoda ankonio
zininzi, the men whose cattle are many;
amatole am, my calves ; and, when put be-
fore nouns and pronouns I and 2 cl.pl.,
emphasizing the possessive relation: abctu
abantu, ovr people ; and giving these classes
a distinguishing force: awona madoda ma-
kulu, the really great men in contradistinc-
tion to others ; awelizwc amadoda, the
comiiry's men. See bona, wona.
6. ^4 as used instead of the pron. subject
u in I cl. (a) in relative sentences which
fall into the objective: ihashe alitandayo,
the horse which he loves ;
(b) In dependent and conjunctive sen-
tences with or without ukuha, ukuze, or
ukuti: ukuze ahambe, that he may walk;
ukuha adle ascle, that he may eat and
drink ; ukuze abe, that he may be or exist,
AB
to be distinguished from a'n, (ebe) that he
may steal, and abc, that he may distribute ;
(c) After adverbs of time: .m nhambayo,
when he walks;
(d) In the negative of the verb, 3rd p.,
sing., pres., perf., and fut. akatandi, he
does not love ;
(e) In a lively narrative: apendule at'i
kiiye, he answers and says to him. (Pro-
perly this verb is in the conjunctive mood
following one understood.)
7. It is privative (a) forming the negative
verbal prefixes of the simple tenses of the
indicative by being put before the prono-
minal subject: anditandi, I do not love;
andimncedi mjamali, I do not help him
with money ; (b) with tia preceding nouns :
andinamali, I have no money ; see Na 2. i.
8. A! is a salutation used by an inferior
to his superior : A, kumkani! Hail, king! A
Mhodla ! Hail Wildcat ! (the chief Umha-
la's name) ; witch doctors are greeted A,
dla-ii(jamaiulla ! but the Amazizi greet
thus: A, Dlamini! ; in crossing a river:
A, Dalidipu! A, Tai/i!
9. a ! Intfvj. of contempt.
Aba, (a) Prtjix I cl. pi. : ahantii huh'imh'a, the
people travelled.
(b) Ud. jiron. I cl. Y>^.: (ihanta ahakohla-
kdtyo, the people who are bad, i.e. the bad
people; ahan/a abak'ulu, the people who
are great, i.e. the great or old people ;
abakoyo, who are present ; with poss. sig-
nification ; ahantiL ahamahaxht iidiwaboiii-
Iti/o, the people whose horses I have seen.
(c) JJem. prou. I cl. pi. These here :
aba?'i7«/«, these people. Put after the noun
it is weaker and more like the definite
article : nhuutu nlm, the people.
(d) Xril. rrrh. ],r>'f. of I cl. pi. of all
tenses: aba/'/<", they are not asleep; to be
distinguished from abalclc, who are asleep ;
abahl((f ;/»•(, they have not been stabbed,
abahlaii/v-e, who have been stabbed; aba-
linnjd'', ihey ?irQ not good or fit for ; ab5-
luvtjde., who are good or fit for ; and of the
conjunctive past of I cl. pi. : nhantu abat'eta,
and the people spoke not ; and of 7 cl. :
uhuln-elu-e abaxiika, and the sickness did not
go away.
Aba, Those yonder, see Ahaya.
ukw-ABA, v.t. pass, ukwdlnwn, To divide
in portions, distribute, allot: uyazaha
impahla zak'e, he apportions his chattels;
ukiize ahe, that he may distribute ; see
AB
A, 6. b. {Aha, abbrev. rel. 2 cl. pi who or
which divide ; aha, absol. past, they divided;
aha, conjunctive past, and they divided;
dhd short pres., they divide).
um-Abi, )(. I. A divider, an arbiter,
is-Abo, 11. 4. ^ ,, i- ,. • ,.
ulw-Abo, n. 5 I Manner of dividmg, etc.,
nlwaho lunye, or isabo siiiye, one manner
of dividing.
ulw-Ablwo, n. 5. Apportionment.
ukw-Abeka, v. To be divided, separated,
distributed, divisible, separable.
— Abela, r. To divide, apportion, distri-
bute for, or among : ndamahda iiikomo
zam, or ezinkomeni znm, I gave him a por-
tion of my cattle ; kwatyelwa, partners are
assigned at a marriage.
um-Abeli, n. i. One who apportions or di-
vides to others.
um-Abelwa, n. i. Partner, shareholder.
is-Abelo, n. 4. Portion, part, share of what
is apportioned : isahdo mvi, my share or
portion.
ukw-Abelana, r. To give reciprocally; to
divide among each other : hayahdana nye-
mali, they divide the money with each
other, i.e. each has a share in the money.
Abange, Ncg. verb. pref. I cl. pi., see Bamje.
Abanye, Adj. l cl. pi. Some, others: see Nye.
Abaya, contrac. aba, Dem. prou. l cl. pi.
Those yonder: abaya bantu, those people
there, yonder, distant ; to be distinguished
from abayd, and they went not ; see aba (d).
Abe, Aux. in forming compound tenses 2 cl.
pi. : ahe et'et'a, contracted abe/'e/'a, they [ama-
doda, men) were or have been speaking;
see tiku-Ba, 1 . 2. a.
ulw-Abici, «. 5. Home affairs.
Abo. (a) Dem. prou. I cl. pi. Those : uhobaiifK,
those persons. Its meaning stands mid-
way between aba and abaya; aba, those by
me ; abo, those by you ; abaya, those yonder,
(b) Prou. poss. 3 p. pi. ref. to 2 cl. pi.
Their; amazwi aho, (ahantu) their (the
people's) words; and of 7 cl. Its: ukujika
kwaho (nbukumkani), its (the kingdom's)
arrival ; see Bo, I (b).
is-Ab6b6, n. 4. See under i-Bobd.
is-ABOKWE, 11. 4. A whip made of hippopo-
tamus hide ; fr. the Du. sambok.
Abona. See Bona.
is-Abongo, ?(. 4. Foul, offensive eructation
from the stomach after eating anything with
an offensive smell, or drinking too much ;
t(l)odV isah'ongo, he casts up a bad smell.
A§
is-Abonkolo, n. 4. A tadpole.
All throat diseases, according to Kafir
belief, are caused by this animal.
Abu, Neg. verb. pre/. 7 cl. : uhuknmkani ahu-
fiki, the kingdom does not arrive.
Abunge, Nerj. verb. pre/'. 7 cl., see Bttnge.
is-Acaka, n. 4. = isa-Caka.
ulw-Acane, n. 5. A kind of shrub.
is-Aci, 11. 4. =im-Ci.
is-Ac6lo, 11. 4. Arm-ring, bracelet worn as
an ornament.
is Adiunge, n. 4. A kind of Protea, larger
than isi-Qwane.
is-Adunge, n. 4. See under uka-Dunfjn.
is-Adyenge^=^if<i-I)yengedyenge.
is-Adywedywe, ti. 4. A good for nothing,
useless person; a girl whom no one will
marry.
is-Afobe, n. 4.=isi-Fobe.
is-Aga, n. 4. A kind of bird.
is-Agampe, n. 4. Em.=isi-Gampe.
ulw-Agcibe, n. 5. Sandy and rocky beach
with bush along the shore.
is-Agqili, n. 4. See under nl-n-Gqila.
is-Agqukwe, v. 4. A forest bird.
is-Agwelo, V. 4. Speaking in phrases;
singing, whistling or scolding in a way
not to be understood by others ; speaking
out of order, or as when one sings a tune,
and another person falls in with quite a
different one.
isAgwityi, n. 4. The South African quail,
Coturnix africana Tern, and Schl.
isi-Aha-aha, n. 4. One who does not know,
or who is at a loss what to do.
ukw-Ahluka, Intram. form of ukw-AMula,
To be separate from, differ, dissent : ndahluka
hiye, I separated from him ; ndahluka kuye
iigentetb, I differ from him in speech.
is-Ahluko, «. 4. Division, portion, part ;
dimin. Uahhikwnna, a small part. Em. isa-
hhikwanyana, a very small part, express-
ing contempt.
um-Ahluko, n. 6. A difference, distinction.
ukw-Ahlukahluka, v. To be wholly
different: hahfnkuhlnka ngamasiko, they
differ in customs.
—Ahlukahlukana, r. To be wholly
different from each ot|ier.
is-Ahlukahlukano, n. 4. Division: imiku-
ngahiko sahlukahlukano kuni, may there be
no divisions among you.
ukw-Ahlukana, v. To part from or with one
another; separate, withdraw from : ndahhi-
AH
kana naye endleleni, I parted from him oh
the road ; to lose : ndahlukana nenkomo zam,
I lost my cattle ; fig. to dissent, differ,
disagree in : ndahlukana naye vgokutl, I
differ from him in saying; nkirahluka^ia
kwendlela zomhini, the parting of two paths.
is-Ahlukano, n. 4. The state of being
divided among themselves.
ukw-Ahlukanisa, v. To cause a separa-
tion; to disunite; put asunder: kwahln-
kaniswa indoda no77i/azi, the man was
separated, divorced from his wife.
um-Ahlukanisi, n. i. One who causes
factions or divisions.
is-Ahlukaniso, n. 4. (a) Separation, divi-
sion, (b) Partitions in a house; (c) Cause
of strife.
ukw-AHLULA, v. t. (a) To separate, divide
into parts: yahlide kidnni, divide it into
two parts; nsahlule (not nmhlnlile) you have
separated us, said to one who has decided
a matter in dispute; ndayahhda imali, I
divided the money; /w/i^?(i?e?ii8, separate them
(those who are fighting).
(b) To disentangle, explain, speak dis-
tinctly : yahlula iufamh'o, separate the thong,
i.e. cut it into two ; or separate the thongs,
i.e. divide them into two portions; yahlu-
la amazim ak'o, make your meaning plain.
(c) To discern, judge, adjudge between
two parties, decide: yahhile.ni londavo,
decide this matter.
um-Ahluli, n. i. A divider, separator, me-
diator, arbiter, judge, umpire, justice of
the peace.
um-Ahlulwa, n. i. One who has been se-
parated ; a Nazarite.
is-Ahlulo, n. 4. (a) The act of dividing.
(b) Portion, share: ndinike imhlulo mm,
give me my portion.
um-Ahlulo, n.6. A veil, a dividing curtain.
ukw-Ahlulahlula, v. To divide often, or
into small pieces; ndakwahlulahlula uku-
tya, I divided the food.
— Ahluleka, v. To be divisible, separable,
to be separated; to cleave open. Neg.
not to leave off.
— Ahlulela, %k To separate, divide for:
wamahlulela isikumba, he divided the skin
for him ; wazahlulela ku-Yehova, he separa-
ted himself unto the Lord.
is-Ahlulelo, n. 4. AUoted portion: u-Sahlu-
lelo sika-Yakobi, The Portion of Jacob.
ukw-Ahlulelana, v. (a) To divide or to
make portions for or with each other:
AH
makahlulclane ncnkomo tigotyani bomhlaha,
let his portion be with the beasts in the
grass of the earth.
(b) To be divided among themselves:
nhiha ii-Satana ivalilulelcnc ycclwa, if Satan
is divided against himself: amakwenkwe
ahlulelana, the boys divided (in fighting)
among themselves.
am-Ahlulelana, n. 2. pi. only. Partners:
hakoba amahlulelana, they beckoned unto
their partners.
is-Ahlulelwano, n. 4. Partnership: uKasa-
hlulehvano sinina okolwayo iwngakblwayo?
what partnership has a believer with an
unbeliever?
is-Ahombe, ti. 4. See ulu-Homha.
Aka, Neg. verb. pre/, (a) of 3 p. I cl. sing, in
the simple tenses of the verb: akayi, he
goes not; okayii, and he went not; (b) of
2 cl. pi. nmahashc aknbalchi, the horses do
not run.
ukw-AKA, V. t. To build a place, house
or cattlefold; to construct any edifice;
wake kona, he has built, or he lives, there ;
to take possession : 'Maka kivdozwc, he took
possession of, or established himself in, or
dwelt permanently in, that land; bake
uluhlit, put an army in battle array; ukiiaka
uhuhlobo, to build up friendship. Abbrev.
rel. 2 cl. pi. akd, who or which build; absol.
past aka. they built ; conjunctive past aka,
and they built; short pres. &ka, they
build. Phr. enye intaka yaka itgoboya benyc. lit.
one bird makes its nest of the feathers of
another, i.e. one is helped by another; intak'
ayak'i figoboya hezinye, a bird does not
build its nest with other birds' down, i.e.
every-one must help himself.
um-Aki, n. I. A builder, mason.
is-Akiwo, 7
is-Ak6, 3
ukw-Akana, v. To build up, edify, one
another: niasistikclc izinlo zokivakana, let
us follow after the things whereby we
may edify one another.
— Ak^ka, V. To be built up, edified.
It. 8. Edifying, edification.
ulvv-Ak6ko, n. 5. Edification.
ukw-Ak61a, v. To build for, on or in: iva-
ndakela, he built for me; indlii yakclivc
phu kwamalyc,X\\e house is built on stones.
-Ak^lana, v. (a) To assist each other in
building, (b) To build near each other:
sakelenc tina. we arc neighbours.
^ «. 4. A building, erection.
AK
Akisa, V. To help, assist to build; to
build carefully.
ukw-AKAMA, v. i. To gape, yawn: ela-
lajileyo lakama ngokittigcuaDiliiiganiso, the
grave opens its mouth without measure; to
be bewildered.
— Akameka, v. To be split ; to be rent in
two; to suffer from flatulency.
— Akamela, v. To be beside o:iescU" for
or on account of; to be open and ready
to swallow up: bandakainele umlovw, they
gaped upon me with their mouth.
— Akamisa, v. To cause to yawn ; to open
the mouth ; —iiku-Kamisa.
— Akamisela, v. To open the mouth
against : zonke intshaba zako zikwakcmnsclc-
le lunlomo, all thine enemies have opened
their mouth wide against thee.
Akange, Neg. verb. pref. I cl. sing, and 2 cl.
plnr., see Angc.
Ak^, Poss. proii. I cl. sing. ref. to 2 cl. pi.
His : amahashe akc, his horses ; to be distin-
guished from ake 3 p. sing. I cl and 3 p. pi.
2 cl. of the conj. mood of uku-Ka I. and
II. and iikw-Aka, and the contracted perfect
of these verbs.
Ak6, (a) Poss. pron. 2 p. sing. ref. to
2 cl. pi. Thy: amandla akd, thy strength,
(b) Poss. pron. 7 cl. ref. to 2 cl. pi. Its:
amandla akd (ukutya), its (food's) strength ;
to be distinguished from akd: amandla akd,
strength is there or present; see Kd I.
is-Ak6nibe, n. 4. A semicircle.
is-Ak6no, n. 4. See isa-Kdno.
Aku, Neg. verb. pref. (a) Of pcrs. pron. 2 p.
sing. : akutandi, thou lovest not.
(b) Of 8 cl.: akupekivanga ukiulla, the
food has not been cooked.
Aku, Pref. of Temp, mood, 3 p. sing, and
1 cl. sing.: ahihamba, when he walked;
i okuba ehambile, when he had walked; 2 cl.
j pi.: akiibalckn amahashe, when the horses
! ran ; akuba ehalekile. when they had run.
\ Akunge, Neg. verb. pref. 2 p. sing, and 8 cl.,
see Unge.
i Akwa, Neg. verb, pref . (a) Of 2 p. sing, aor.:
\ akivaleta, and thou spokest not; (b) Of 8
cl.: akwadliwn ukwUa, and the food was
not eaten.
-is-Akwatsha, n. 4. Eii^.^isi-Kw'ilsha.
• Ala, AV^. verb. pref. of past indefinite tense
2 cl. sing. : ihashe alahaleka, and the horse did
not run.
ukw-ALA, 7'. /. pass, nkivalnva. I. To
reject, oppose, resist, refuse, object, dis-
4
AL
allow, forbid; to be unwilling, immoveable:
sajntetelela, yala inkosi, we interceded for
him, but the chief was not to be moved ; to
decline: wala nokutabata ukudla, he would
not even take food: wala nendaba, he re-
fused the news: wamala umfazi wake, he
rejected, i.e. put away his wife ; umpii wala
the gun missed fire; ukudla kuyandala, Wi
the food refuses me; this may mean, the
garden is unfruitful when I cultivate it, or
food disagrees with me when I eat it ; indic-
ia eyaliweyo, a forbidden path ; lentsimi ya-
lilc, this garden has refused (to produce), the
seed has not come up. (Abbrev. rel. 2 cl. pi.
aid, who or which refuse ; absol. past ala, they
refused; conj. past ala, and they refused;
short pres. ila, they refuse),
n. 8. Refusing to yield, i.e. unfruitfulness,
sterility when the seed does not sprout.
2. To begin to put milk into a calabash
for the first time : yala iselwa, put milk into
the calabash for the first time.
is-Ala, n. 4. An obstinate person.
ulw-Alo, //. 5. Refusal, rejection, opposition.
ukw-Alana, v. To reject one another: bala-
}ia nayc, lit. they opposed, resisted him;
they were not in harmony with him, did
not like him ; iihlanganis' imihlamb' eyala-
nayo, (Ntsikana's hymn), the Gatherer of
the opposing herds.
um-Alane, ;/. I An opponent, enemy.
um-AIane, 71. 6. Opposition, prevention.
ukw-Aleka, v. To be opposed, unaccept-
able, resistible : iwintu oivaldkayo, a person
not respected.
— Alela, V. To prohibit, disallow, deny,
resist, restrain, hinder: wamalela ukuba
asebenze, he did not allow him to work;
isiqamo esalelweyo, the fruit which was
forbidden him; inkomo iyalela, the cow
won't let the calf suck, said of a cow in
ceasing to give milk.
is-Alelo, n. 4. Prevention, prohibition,
interdict: siqinisc isalelo, establish the
interdict.
ukw-AIisa, v. To cause to restrain; to
hinder : ndaliswa tikutela, I was hindered
from speaking; to make unacceptable:
lendoda izalisile, this man has rendered
himself unacceptable, x
utyw-AIa, w. 7. Kafir beer ; see ii-Tywala.
isi-ALAM w. 4. A poor person, from Du.
arm.
ukw-AIama, v. t., pass, nkivalanywa. To
recognize suddenly, unexpectedly; to dis-
AL
cern; to have a short view or glimpse; to
descry in the distance: hdayalama intaba
cnkulii, I had a glimpse or first sight of the
great mountain; fig, to see that which is
not lawful for man to see; adv. ngokwalavia
suddenly, unexpectedly.
— Alamana, v. To come from a common
stock or family; to be connected, related,
known friends to each other: u-Kama
walamana no-Pato, Kama is related to
Pato.
um-Aiamane, n. i. A relative, friend.
is-Alamane, n. 4. A relation, relative, kins-
man or kinswoman; fig. tlie relative pro-
noun.
ukw-Alamanisa, v. To connect with:
wamalamanisa netyala, he connected him
with the guilt though innocent; to in-
gratiate oneself into the friendship or
good will of another: wazalamanisa, he
endeavoured to ingratiate himself and be
reckoned a friend or relation.
— Alameka, v. To have appeared suddenly.
ukw-AIasela, v. t. To mend broken pieces
by sewing or nailing them together.
ukw-ALATA, v. t. To point at or to-
wards one with the finger : ndalatwe, I was
pointed at, which is offensive to a Kafir ;
amehlo ake alata isifo sake, his eyes show
that he is ill.
um-Alat6, n. 6 The forefinger, the fourth
finger with the Kafirs.
ukw-Alatisa, v. To point out to one; to
direct him to a place ; to show the right
way.
um-Alatisi, ;/. l. One who points out or
directs.
is-AIatiso, n. 4. | Waymark, guide, lead-
um-AIatiso, H.6. J ^ '^ '
er, index, register: isalatiso-xesha, an
almanac ; zimiseleni izalat'iso, set up way-
marks.
ukw-Alatlsela, v. To point out for, to
guide to: into endalat'isehvc ngiiye, the
matter I was directed to by him.
is-Alatiseleli, w. 4. Direction by describ-
ing a way, etc.
ukw-ALEKA, v. t. (a) To put one coat
on or over another : yaleka cnye ingubo, put
on yet another garment ; uinntii owalekileyo,
one who has covered himself with more than
one blanket; to overlay, cover: wayaleka
ngegolide,he overlaid it with gold; yaleka
umsundtilo, lit: overlay or put a second
course of sinew on the assegai in binding
AL
the shaft on the iron; fig. recapitulate or |
corroborate what you have spoken ; support
another by seconding him.
(b) To acid another article to that which
is bought ; yaleka isitshetshc kwingubo, add a
knife to the blanket. (To be distinguished
from yaleka, be advised).
um-Aleko, n. 6. Overlaying : umaleko wc-
mifanekiso eqingqiweyo, the overlaying of
the graven images.
ukw-AIekana, v. To be one upon another!
to become double or manifold.
— Alekanisa, v. To make double or
manifold ; to put on armour ; to prepare
for war.
— Alekela, v. To do a thing again, a
second time ; to renew an action ; to con-
tinue what has been relinquished for a
while; to join with: /?«/>/ yalekela kuya,,
the enemy joined him ; iimtdto walekehva,
the law was added; to come next by
birth: tt-Dosi xvalckda n-Ngonyama, chief
Feni is next to chief Oba in point of
birth. (Feni and Oba are not brothers by
the same mother). Used in an adv. sense :
walekcla ukivenza. he further did.
— Alekelana, v. To come next to each
other in birth; to unite themselves one
with another.
— Aleklsa, v. To help to put on additional
covering.
All, Neg. verb. pref. 2 cl. sing.: ilizwi alivakali,
the voice is not audible.
Allnge, Neg. verb. pref. 2 cl. sing., see Linge.
Alo, Poss.pron. (a) of 2 cl. sing. ref. to 2 cl. pi.
Its; ilizwi litiamandla alo, the word has its
power; (b) of 5 cl. sing. ref. to 2 cl. pi.:
ulando lunamandla alo, love has its strength ;
see Lo 2.
Mn, Neg. verb, pref . 5 cl. sing.: ufefe alupeli,
tender feeling does not end.
ukw-ALUKA, V. i. Primary meaning, to
go out into the field ; hence, to be circum-
cised, as this rite was originally performed
away from home in the field, where the
circumcised young men also are kept
during healing time.
ulw-AI&ko, n. 5. Circumcision.
ukw-AI&sa, V. To circumcise, (boys and
animals).
um-AlfisJ, n. I A circumciser.
Alunge, Neg. verb. pref. 5. cl. sing., see Lunge.
ukw-ALUPALA, v. i. To wear out, grow
old: amatambo am alupele. my bones have
grown old and stiff.
AM
ukw-Alupalela, v. To grow old at; iidalu-
palela apa, I'm growing old here.
— Alupalisa, v. To cause to wear out, or
needlessly destroy a garment, instrument,
or a vehicle by not greasing it.
ukw-ALUSA, V. t. To herd cattle or sheep.
um-Alusi, ?;. I. Herd, shepherd: ;<- IV Atwrr
ngutnalusi warn, the Lord is my shepherd.
ukw-Alusana, v. To herd with: andalusani
tiaye, I am not herding with him, i.e. I
don't know where he is.
ukw-Alusela, v. To herd at : walnsela p'lna f
where do you herd your flock .?
Aiwa, Neg. verb. pref. aor. 5. cl. sing. : usapo
alwavuya, and the children were not joyful ;
to be distinguished from ahva, 2 cl. pi. : they
(boys, amakzvenkwe,) fouglit.
Am, Poss. pron. My. I p. sing, referring to 2 cl.
pi.: amahashe am, my horses; see M.
Ama, (a) PI. prefix of 2 cl.: amahashe, the
horses, (b) Rel.proti. 2 cl. pi. before adj.:
amafu amakiilu, big clouds.
Amanye, Adj., 2 cl. pi. Some, others; see
Nye.
um-AMANGlLE u. 6. An almond tree, from
Du. amandel.
is-Ambalo, w. 4. Ornament for the neck,
necklet.
is-Ambantlanya, n. 4. A crush with great
noise ; loud cry, especially war-cry.
ukw-AMBATA, v. i. To cover the body;
to put on garments, dress oneself: lento
indambete, this thing sticks or cleaves to me.
Phr. wambata enkosint, or hivinkosikazi he hid
himself with the chief or chieftainess. The
person and dwelling of the chief and chief-
tainess were deemed sacred, any one taking
refuge under their garment, or behind their
back, or in their dwelling, became safe;
hence, ndambate ivena, I look to you for
safety or help; also to allude: wambete wena.
he alludes, refers, hints at you; euphem,
wambata umfazi. he slept with the woman.
is-Ambat6, n. 4. Clothing, garment.
ukw-Ambatisa, v. To cover another
person ; wamambatisa ngengubo, he covered
him up with a garment.
— Ambatisana, v. To give each other a
share of a covering.
ukw-Ambesa, v. Orig. to kill a bullock
and give a skin of it to one's wife; to
clothe another, especially to furnish a
wife with a full ornamental dress.
is-Ambembe, n. 4. See ukut'i-mbhnbi;
AM
is-Ambuku, //. /[.-^isi-Mbtiku.
ukw-Ambula, Invcrs. trans, of tikw-Aiiibald
Em. to uncover the body; to take off clothes;
to expose, reveal. To beat with a big
stick, not a switch.
— Ambulela, v. I. To clothe with an old
garment: ndamambiilcla ihcmpe, I gave
him an old shirt.
2. To shake out the remains of tobacco
left in a bag.
ulw-Aitibulelo, n. 5. The act of giving
one old clothes.
\%-\m'b\xru-= isi-Mbuku.
ulw-AmfitJ, n. 5. A kind of shrub with :
edible fruit.
is-Amfumfu, n. 4. Swelling, stuffing of the
nose.
ulw-Amityi, n. 5. Used in phr. ziqum' iihva-
inityi, they get constantly pregnant.
ukw-AMKELA, v. t. To accept what is
offered; to receive: bamkcla walowo imali,
they received every man money; to receive
pay or rations : imini yokwatnkela, pay-day;
to lodge, welcome: ndamamkela endlwini
yam, I took him into my house.
um-Amkeli, n. l. A receiver, collector.
is-Amkelo, n. 4. Acceptance, receipt.
ukw-Amkelana, v. To receive one
another.
— Amkeleka, v. To be acceptable.
— Atnkelisa, v. To cause to accept;
give a ration, or portion or pay: nda-
mkclise, give or pay me my wages.
um-Amkelisa, n. 6. Portion, ration.
is-Ampaza, «. 4. The part of the bag which
appears first in bearing of animals.
is-Ampokwd, n. 4. 'Em.^^im-Poktve.
is-Amp6mpoIo, Km.=is-Apdmpolo
is-Ampu, II. 4. See under tikuti-Mpu.
is-Amvemve, ;/. 4.=um-CclHtnvemve.
ulw-Amvila, //. 5. See under ukuti-Mvi.
Ana, Ncg. verb. pref. aor. 2 p. p\.: anatanda,
you loved not.
ana, Suffix, forming (a) the Reciprocal form
of verbs by changing the last letter of the
root into aita: siyatanda, we love; siyata-
ndana, we love each oth^r; ndazana (fr.
ukwasi) naye, I am his friend.
(b) diminutives of nouns: intaka, bird;
intakana, little bird; into, thing; intwana,
little thing; ndinokupilana, I am a little
better.
ulw-Anana, n. 5, A foolish braggart.
AN
ukw-ANANA, v. t. To take or receive in
exchange ; to offer or give in exchange ; to
barter ; to get one to take in exchange either
honestly or dishonestly, both literally and
figuratively: abantu bam banane ngozuko
Iwabo into engancediyo, my people have
changed their glory for that which doth
not profit.
um-Anani, «. l. One who gives in ex-
change. Abanani bemali, money-changers.
is-Anano, «. 4. (a) Exchange: worola nto-
nina umntti ibe sisanano sompefumlo wake?
what shall a man give in exchange for
his soul ? (h)=isa-Ci.
ulw-Anano, n. 5. Exchange: inkohlakalo
iya ktiba lulwanano Iwake, evil shall be his
recompense.
ukw-Ananana, v. To exchange one thing
for another: ubulumko abunakwananana
nempahla ze-golide, golden vessels are no
exchange for wisdom.
— Ananela, v. To change for.
um-Ananeli, n. l.=um-Anani.
is-Ananelo, n. 4. Exchange.
ukw-Ananisa, v. To cause or endeavour to
effect an exchange ; to give in exchange :
wananisa ngento zonke abe nazo wayitknga
iperile, he parted with all that he had for
the pearl.
um-Ananis? , w. i. One trying to effect an ex-
change : abananisibemali,mor\e.y-c\\7ingtr&.
is-Ananiso, ;/. 4. Causing one to take a
thing in exchange; giving in exchange,
bartering; fig. making one statement or
giving one reason instead of another,
with the view either of concealing the
real one, or of exculpating or excusing
oneself.
ukw-Ananisela, v. To effect an exchange
for another, either honestly, as when a
man gives his second daughter to his son-
in law instead of the first who has turned
out unsuitable, or surreptitiously, as when
Laban substituted Leah for Rachel.
um-Ananlseli, ;/. I. One who performs
the action described under the verb.
ukw-Ananiselana, v. To give in exchange
to one another.
Anda, Neg. verb. pref. of I pers. sing, past:
andatanda, I loved not ; to be distinguished
from the pres. etc. of ukw-Anda.
ukw-ANDA, V. i. To extend, enlarge,
widen in length and breath, as limits,
bounds, fences, etc. ; fig. to increase ; inkomo,
zandile, tre cattle have increased; to spread :
AN
ilizwi lanJile cmhlabcni wonlc, the word has
spread through the wliole earth. (2 cl. pi.,
abbrev. rel, andd, who or which increase;
absol. past anda, they increased; conj. past
anda, and they increased ; short pres. dnda,
they increase). Phr. ukwanda kwaliwe ngu-
mtakatt, family increase is prevented by a
witch.
ulw-Ando, w. 5. Increase, usury.
ukw-Andeka, v. To be increasing, to multi-
ply: igusha ziyandeka, the sheep are
increasing.
— Andela, v. To increase for or upon:
ndandelwe yimfuyo, my cattle have in-
creased for me.
— Andisa, v. To enlarge, increase, widen :
basandisa isibaya, they made the fold
wider ; ndaitdisa inkotno, I reared, increased
cattle.
ulw-Andiso, n. 5. Increase, usury.
ukw-Andlseka, i'. To be enlarged : /wi/M
yandis<;kile, the house has been enlarged.
— Andisela, v. To increase for or to:
Ukuba bate banda onyana bake, bandiselwa
irele, if his children are increased, it is for
the sword.
is-And&, M. 4. The back part of the head !
when bald: lomfo nnesanda, the back part of i
this man's head is bald.
is-Anda, «. 4. Place where corn is spread for
thrashing; thrashing floor. !
is-Andanda, «. 4. The upper part of the I
pelvis; almost exclusively applied to cattle, i
is-Andawane, n. 4.-r=i-Ncttka-ciya. The spot-
ted hyaena, Hyasna crocuta (Erxl.). Its
skin is used for witchcraft. In olden times
people who wished to save themselves the
trouble of burying their dead were said to
attract these animals by dragging a branch
of um-paf a along the ground and then digging
a hole through the back of the deceased
man's hut, to allow of the hyaenas getting
at the body.
is-Andekela, «. 4. An honourable, respect-
able man; one in prosperous and happy
circumstances, an aristocrat. Phr. usettz'
isandekela, he makes himself a gentleman.
Andi, Neg. verb. pref. I p. sing. pers. pron.
Anditki, I do not speak.
I"w-An'dnet„. 5. ] See under „i,.,-™,-.
Andinge, Neg. verb. ptef. I p. sing., see
Ndinge.
is-Andlti. n. 4. Disturbance, uproar, con-
fusion.
am-AndIa, n. 2. PL Power, force, strength,
ability, dominion, sway, authority : M««;/m-
ndln, he is strong ; u-Somandla, the Almighty ;
indawo ezinamandla, important matters; ma-
ndla ma-nif how much? how great? ndite
amandla, I am disheartened ; ndingate ama-
«rf/a, I not being disheartened (see uku-Ta);
ndimte amandla, I came accidentally upon
him and saw him ; ndisalene tnandla naye, or
kuye, when I was still looking at him.
is-AndIa, «. 4. The human hand ; fig. means,
agent, instrument, trowel; clerk: isandla
seinantyi, magistrate's clerk; ndipe isandla,
help me; unesandla esihle, he writes a
beautiful hand; unesandla eside, he has a
long hand, i.e. he is a thief; ukubamba isandla,
to shake hands.
ukw-ANDLALA, v. To lay or spread a mat
or carpet on the ground ; to make a bed ;
igumb't elandlelweyo, a furnished room ; fig.
to lay a case before a judge, king, etc.
is-Andlalo, «. 4. Any thing spread on the
ground to lie or sit on : isandlalo satnatye,
a pavement.
um-Andlalo, «. 6. Mat or bed, spread to
lie on.
ukw-Andlaleka, v. To fall flat: ndandla^
lekile, I lie stretched on the ground.
— Andlalela, v. To spread a mat or make
a bed for.
— Andluia, v. To roll up the mat; to
make up one's bed, put it in order.
is-Andle, n. 4 Sweet veld, as opposed to i-Jojo;
a dry, rainless district.
ulw-Andle, n. 5. pi. ilwandle. The sea ; ocean ;
abelwandle, seafaring men ; loc. elwandle, in
or on the sea.
is-Andlozi, «. 4. Prominent staring eyes;
yinto emehlo azandlozi vgati ngawesele, his
eyes are as big as those of a frog.
is-Ando, n. 4. An instrument for beating or
extending, i.e. a hammer. Dimin. isandwana,
a small hammer.
ukw-ANDULA, v. aux. with adv. meaning.
It denotes (a) " Just now," or, " for the first
time": usanduV or usand' iikufika, he has
just arrived ; ungandule timke, do not leave
immediately; unganduV ujike, do not turn
yet ; besa\ie, abbrev. for besanduV tikuva, as
soon as they hear.
(b) Following another verb "and then":
wayisa lento kuye, wandiila ukubuya, he took
the thing to him and then returned,
um-AnduIa, «. l. pi. amandulo. Com-
mencement : owamandnlo, one of the com-
. 4. A type, figure.
!. 4. That which is first in
AN
mencement; an ancestor, or forefather;
former times, times of old: iminyaka ya-
mandulo, ancient years.
is-Andulo, n. 4. That which commenced a
thing; that which belongs to former times.
ukw-Andulela, v. To start first; to begin
before another ; to be first in order of
time; to precede: wandulcla ukuvuna, be
way the first in harvesting; wandulcla
ukulima, he began ploughing before
others; umfundisi u-Nyengana wandulcla
kivama-Xosa, Van der Kemp was the first
missionary to the Kafirs.
um-Anduleli, «. I. Predecessor, fore-
runner.
is-Andulela,
is-Andulelo,
order.
is-Andundu, n. 4. The prominent part of
the cheek-bone : uncsandundu, he has a high
cheek-bone.
ulw-Andyula, n. 5. See under uku-Ndyula.
ukw-ANEKA, v. t. To lay out, open, spread
clothes, mats, corn for drying in the air ; fig.
intliziyo yaneka okubi, the heart exposes (its
own) evil.
um-Aneki, n. l. One who stretches out:
umancki wamazulti, he who stretches out
the heavens.
ukw-Anekela, v. To spread out at a place,
etc. : iya kuba yindawo yokwanekcla iminata^
it shall be a place for spreading out nets.
ukw-ANELA, v. t. To be sufficient, enough
for : tikudla kuyawanela amadoda, the food is
sufficient for the men; tikudla kwancle,
there is food enough; inguho ayaneli, the
blanket is not large enough ; akwaneli nio,
it is not enough, does not suffice; to be
satisfied, esp. in perf. ndancle: banela uku-
sikangcla, they simply or merely saw us,
i.e. they did no more than see us; ngesisancla
zinto zinina? with what should we be satis-
fied? akaneli ukusikiilula ,\\e not only delivers
us, but — ; ukwanela iikuteta, suffice it to say,
is quite distinct in meaning from ukwanela
kukuteta, to be satisfied with speaking.
— Aneiisa, v. Ndanclisiwe lizwi lako, your
word satisfies, pleases, gratifies me ; aliba-
nelisi, it does not suffice them; manda-
nelisive kukut't ndilandc, may it please me
to love.
— Aneiisana, v. To give mutual satisfac-
tion.
B (
AN
— Aneza, v. To make perfect, full; to
suffice.
—Anezelela, v. To supply abundantly,
fully, frequently: ndanezelehve nguye, he
has done enough, sufficient for me.
— Anezisa, v. To stretch the means to
the end proposed.
Anga, (a) Ncg. verb. prcf. of l cl. sing, and
2 cl. pL in conjunctive mood : ndamnika
ukudla ukuzc atigafi, I gave him food that
he might not die ; kangela amahashe ukuze
angemki, look after the horses that they may
not go away, (b) Prefix of the same classes
in the potential mood: angatanda, he may
love; angabaleka, they (horses) may run.
(c) Auxil. for forming the conditional mood,
see Angc. (d) Pres. etc.'of tiku-nga, (a) and
(b), and of ukw-Anga, which see. (e) Ncg. rel.
of A, 5.: aniadoda angalungileyo, men who
are not good ; ngawapina amadoda angekoyo
or angckabiko, which men are not here or
are not yet here 1
ukw-ANQA, V. t., pass, ukwangkva. To kiss:
ukwang' isandla, to thank ; because in thank-
ing a chief this was literally done. (2. cl.
pi., abbrev. rel. angd, who or which kiss;
absol. past anga, they kissed; conj. past
anga, and they kissed; short pres. dtiga,
they kiss).
ulw-Anga, n. 5. The portion of game or of
a slaughtered beast (the breast and fat at-
tached thereto,) presented to the chief.
ulw-Ango, n. 5. A kiss.
ukw-Angana, v. To kiss each other.
—Angela, v. Ndasangelangomlomo warn isa-
ndla sam, my mouth hath kissed my hand.
is-Anga, ;/. 4. The glimmering vapour of
the sunshine of a hot day; a mirage; fig. a
wonderful phenomenon : sibone izanga nam-
hlanje, we have seen strange things to-day ;
ukusukela izanga, to pursue unrealities.
is-Angca, ". 4. See under ukutl-Ngco.
is-Angcape, n. 4. The South African Stone-
chat, Pratincola torquatus (L.) = i-Ncapc.
is-Angcet6, ;/. 4.= isa-Ngccte.
is-Angcozi, n. 4. Corn which has been
stored in a pit in the cattle-fold. It has a
nasty smell, but is liked by Kafirs.
is-Angcunge, //. 4. One who is quiet, does
not speak.
Ange, (sometimes anga). Auxil. for for-
ming the cond. mood of I cl. sing, and
2 cl. pi.: ange (anga) etanda, he would love 5
angc (anga) ebaleka, they (horses) would run,
AN
is-Ango, «. 4. Singing after one's own way.
not following that of the other singers;
tune, style of singing, sound of something
one hears.
is-Angqingqi, «. 4. An energetic, active,
lively person ; cf. iiku-Ngqingqiza.
is-Angqu, n. 4. A blanket with black stripes
and red bordering.
is-Angqungqwane, w. 4- A very short
thing or person.
ulw-Angwili, «, 5. Private family talk.
Ani, Neg. verb. pref. of 2 p. pi.: anihambt,
you are not walking.
uty-AnI, n. 7. Pasture, grass, hay; grass
growing in the maizefields; weeds: utyani
balomhlaha buhlc, the pasturage of this
country is good.
Aninge, Neg. verb, pref, 2 p. pl„ contrac.
Ninge, which see.
is-Ankobo, «. 4. A great or old man, whose
mouth is always open for drink.
i-ANKORE, H. 3. An anchor, from Du. Anker.
is-Ankwane, n. 4. A man's worsted cap.
is-Ankwankwa, n. 4. See under ukuti-
Nkwa.
is-Anqa, n. 4. (a) A circle; halo round the
sun or moon ; waye umnyama ivenze isanqa
etroneni, and there was a rainbow round the
throne; a fairy ring on the grass; a ring
or ripple on water; a fabulous story; adv.
esanqeni, round about, (b) A cyclone.
is-Anqawe, n. 4. A white round spot on an
animal's forehead ; an ornament round the
head, a cockade.
is-Antanta, «. 4. A rushing to and fro; a
running madly together at or from one
point: bazizantanta, they rushed together
hither and thither.
ulw-Antunge, n. 5. A shiftless person, not
steady or persevering in any occupation.
is-Antya, n. 4. Velocity, speed: waharnba
ngesatitya, he went fast; ihashe linesantya,
the horse is swift.
is-Antywenka, w. 4. A large deep water-
hole in the river, the resort of the hippopo-
tamus; = i-Ntywenka.
is-Anuse, 11. 4. A witch-doctor; and ub-
Anuse, n. 7. Witch-craft. See under uku-
Nuka.
is-Anxa, //. 4. [First (a) is long] The South
African Harrier, Circus ranivorus (Datid).
Sometimes applied to the Jackal Buzzard,
Buteo jakal (Daud.).
is-Anx&, H.4. [First (a) is short] Perseverance.
AN
is-Anxayi, «. 4. A kind of bird, probably
a wheatear.
is-Anxu, «. 4. An old, grave, dignified man
of experience: ndifumene izanxii zamadoda
odmi kulandlu, I found a collection of old,
grave, dignified men in that house; an
animal or man come upon unexpectedly.
ukw-ANYA, V, t. To suck the breast; amatole
anyile, the calves have sucked all the milki
inkonyana ayanyanga, the calf has not suck-
ed. Phr. wamanya amahlanza, he stabbed
him; wanyitve amahlanza, he was stabbed;
itkwanya ngentshiintshe , to stab with a spear.
— Anyeka, v. To be sucked out altogether ;
to be lean.
— Anyela, v. To suck in place of, said when
an old calf deprives the young one of the
milk by sucking, or when boys do the same ;
fig. to beat in competition; to surpass,
excel, exceed, out-do: Usanyele ngantonina
gxebe ? Wherein is your condition better
than ours ?
— Anyelana, v. To compete with one
another, to rival one another.
— Anyisa, v. To give suck; to nurse ; unina
'■d'amanyisa umnhvana, the mother suckled
the child ; imfazi onokwanyisa , a wet nurse ;
ukwanyisa kofileyo, to defraud, cheat, act
dishonestly.
uin-Anyisi, n. i.
nursing mother.
um-Anyisikazi, :
ukw-Anyisela,
One who gives suck, a
. I. A wet nurse.
To give suck for
another: inkorno yanyiscla inkonyana, the
cow allows the calf to suck her.
— Anyiselela, v. To endeavour to get a
calf that has lost its mother to suck another
cow : inkomo yanyiselelwe, the cow is sucked
by another calf (when she has lost her
own) ; wanyiselcla tmfazi endodcniyake, he
is the cause of the wife being loved by her
husband ; fig. to try by deceit to get one to
take or agree to what he does not like.
um-Anyiseleli, n. i. One who causes any
thing to suck, or to be loved.
is-Anyamtya, «. 4- Lit. one who sucks a
leading string; a childish, silly person; one
in dotage ; a poor, miserable, useless object.
-anyana, Suffix for diminutives; /6/7., a
wild beast; isilw.inyana, a small wild beast.
is-Anyandu, «. 4- A person or thing with
big fearful eyes.
AN
is-Anyankonio, n. 4. The ball-frog, Rana
adspersa Bihr. It receives i:s name from
the fancied resemblance of its call to that
of a calf bellowing for its mother's milk.
am-Anzi, n. 2. pi. Water: amanzi atshile,
the water is dried up, absorbed; amanzi
onyawo, the sole of the foot; used as Adj.
Wet : iiujubo zimanzi, the clothes are wet,
damp.
ubu-mAnzi, ". 7. Moisture, wetness, damp-
ness.
is-Anzwili, n. 4. (a) Noises in the ear; a
deafening sound, fig. imnzivili sozindhda,
heaviness of dearth, (b) The Capped wheat-
ear, Saxicola pileata (Gm) ; also applied
to the Ant-eating Chat, Myrmecocichla
formicivora ( Vieill) ; from ukuti-Nztvi.
Api, adv. Here, in this place : ndilapa, I am
here; hlala kioalapa, remain here in this
very place ; nyapa, this way, or on this side,
or in this direction: ndahamha iigapa, I
walked on this side.
uIw-Apesi, a. 5. The resin-bush, Euryops
tenuissimus, LeH». and x)ther species of
Euryops ; fr. Du. harpuis.
is-Apeta, n. 4. A bow to shoot arrows with.
um-Apisi, n. i. A great eater, devourer, see
im-Piiii.
Ap6, adi: There, in the place where the
person addressed is, or which has already
been named or arrived at : (ipo ukona, where
you are; kwalapd, there and then; in that
very place; iKjapd, that way: nakuhamha
ngapo nobulawa, when you go that way,
you will be killed.
is-Ap6kwe, n. 4. (a) The whistling of small
boys learning to whistle, (b) Corn coming
into ear; trees or pumpkins blossoming:
imitt kulentsimi sif^apokum, the trees in that
garden are in blossom. See im-Pokwe.
is-ApdIo, n. 4. A teat full of milk drawn into
a boy's mouth ; a mouthful : luanya izapolo,
the boy sucked the last drops from the cow,
is-Ap6mp6lo, n. 4. A black ant, which builds
its nest in trees, and whose bite is very
painfu'. The body of a person accused of
witchcraft is sprinkled with water and then
covered with these vicious ants, so that the
person may be driven by his suffering to
make confession.
is-Ap6ntshane, n. 4. Noise, tumult, =
Ponlshane (b).
ukw-Apuka, Intrans. form ofukw-Apula. To
break : umltnze wapuk'de, tWe leg is broken
AP
inqwelo yapiikih, the wagon has broken
down ; fig. ndapuka mjumtioalo, I sank under
the burden; vmpuke iniliziyo, his heart is
broken; imivumho emashumi mane kwapuka
mnye, forty stripes save one. n. 8. calamity :
ukwapuka kwam, my travail.
is-Apuko, n. 4. A break, a breaking down
under a burden.
ukw-Apukela, r. To be broken for, to be
weary with, labour ior : ndapukelwa ngum-
komhe kalatu, thrice was I shipwrecked.
ukw-APULA, V. t. to break; yapule inlonga,
break the stick ; fig. wapula umteto, he broke
the law ; imdapule ngamazwi ako, you have
distressed me by your words ; nz'unganda-
puli, says a girl to one who wishes to injure
her •,muM'ukuzapula, don't trouble your head.
Phr. indoda izele, yapuV uluti, the man has
very many children ; ifyehe, yapul' uluti he is
very rich (in cattle.)
um-ApuH, n. I. One who breaks.
is-ApiJlIo, n. 4. Act of breaking down ;
rupture, breach.
uIw-Apulo, M. 5. I Breaking, a breach, des-
um-Apl)llo, n. 6. J truction.
ukw-Apulela, v To break for or on account
of: ngumzhnba warn lo, owaptdelwa iiiiia^
this is my body, broken for you; to
annoy, distress, worry : umfazi lonimapule-
la nina ? why do you trouble the woman .?
ukw-Apusa, r. To cease to give milk:
inkomo yapudle, the cow is dry, gives no
more milk; see u-Xam.
is-Apusela, n. 4. A calf which gets no more
milk from its mother.
is-Aqafa, n. 4. A cow which gives but little
milk; fix-Aqaka is also used^.
is-Aqomolo, ". 4. A fish called steenbras
in Dutch.
is-Aqoni, n. 4. Monkey tow, wild grape.
is-Aqunge, n. 4. See under nku-Qiinga.
is-Aqwiti, v. 4. See under uku-Qji-'Ua.
Ara, Interjec. of disgust. Pshaw ! from the
Dutch ach.
i-ARENTE, n. 3. One who works on behalf
of another, an agent ; from Du., agent.
is-Afwadi, »'. 4. Bast; the fine, thin, internal
bark of a tree.
Asa, Neg. rerh. pre/, of indie, and conj. aorist
(a) 4 cl. sing.: amsika isitshetxhe, and the
knife did not cut; (b) of pers. pron. I p. pi. :
asatela, and we spoke not.
Asi, I. Neg. verb. pref. of pers. pron. I p. pi. ;
asitkh, we do not speak; and of 4 cl. sing:
II
AS
/.so)//.Y( a^iiUiim, the bread is not eaten.
2. (a) Impersonal neg. before nouns and
pronouns, " it is not": (mngitf/p, it is not he;
usingnho, it is not they; asinynmnlii, he is
not a man, i.e. he does not behave as a man ;
a.-^iu/o, n>*ilntd, fmyonfo, it is nothing, it
matters nothing; uk-id-dnza e-Nkosini a»iku-
knmlomo irodwa, the Lord is not to be served
by the mouth only.
(b) Sometimes it expresses a superlative
idea: axililo nrh'i-'hf .' what a horse is this!
i.e. it is no common horse, but one that
excels others: n>iui(jityr nomnfn! what a man
is this ! nsikiraknha ku.-^rkd into, there is noth-
ing left; asikiiko noknha ndiyayinqwtnda
lento ! there is nothing that I desire so much
as this thing! axikiikd noknha ndidanile, I am
very much ashamed; cf. vku-Ba, I. B.
i-AsiN. ». 3. Vinegar; fr. the Du. azyn.
Asinge, ^"'',7. rei-Ji. jn-pf. I. p. pi., see Singe.
Aso, y^o.sx. pron. 4. cl. sing, ref, to 2 el. pi.
Its: isouka sinaviandln aso, bread has its
strength ; see So.
i-Ata-ata, ^
i Atalala, J
singnma-atalala, we cannot do anything
for oui-selves.
ubu-Ata-ata,j |
ubu-Atalala, J
ness, powerlessness.
Atl-ke! O! with sense of vexation; "hang
it all! "see nkii-Ti.
ulw-Atlle, //. 5. Horsewood, Hippobromus
alata E. & Z., used medicinally for sore eyes
and syphilis.
ulw-Atsaka, n. 5. A heap (of pumpkins)
lying about; a group.
is-Atutwane, ;/. 4. Epileptic fit; epilepsy.
ulw-Ave!a, /;. 5. Inward alarm of con-
science; fear of evil arising from a bad
conscience in consequence of evil conduct;
suspicion of oneself; self-condemnation;
suspicion of evil intentions on the part of
others towards oneself; suspicion of guilt
without proof; ill humour.
is-Avenge, n. 4. Portion, fraction, driblet.
ulw-Avivi, ri. 5. Being wholly against;
discarding, excluding a thing: abantu ba-
lidwavivi, tlie people are disputing, pick-
ing a quarrel.
One who is helple;
II. 7. Helplessness, weak-
aW
Awa, Neg. verb. pref. of indie, and conj. aor. 6
cl. sing : nmti awahluma, and the tree grew
not.
Awo, Poss.pron. (a) of 6 cl. sing. ref. to 2cl. pi.
Its : utnlambo namanzi awo, the river and its
water; (b) of 2 cl. pi. ref. to 2 cl. pi.:
amahashc ananiendu aivo, horses have their
swiftness; see Wo.
Awona, see A. 5 (b) and Wona.
Awu, Neg. verb. pref. 6 cl. sing: umnxuma
awudityelehve, the hole is not filled up.
Awu I hiterj. Expressing (a) pain, (b) surprise,
sympathy, regret, (c) woe! the feeling of
impending calamity: yoba awu, or simply
iawu hiwe, woe to you !
is-Awukawu, «. 4. Abantu bazizaivuka-
wu, the people are many and noisy.
Aya, Neg. verb. pref. of indie, and conj. aor. (a)
3 cl. sing: inkomo ayabuya, and the cow came
not back; (b) of 6 cl. pi.: iinitt ayawa,^x\d
the trees fell not.
ukw-AYAMA, v. i. To lean against or
upon; to lie close to; to join to; to
border upon ; wayama eludongeni, he leaned
against the wall ; ndayama ngnye, I leaned
on him; fig. tidayanyiva zingozi, I was
ever accompanied by misfortunes.
is-Ayamo, «. M ^j^^to^^j^i^ho^e leans;
um-Ayamo, n. o. )
a lean-to of a house.
ukw-Ayamana, v. To be connected with,
accompanied by, attached to ; ridayamene
naye, I am connected with him ; indlu yam
yayamcne neyak^^ my house is next to his.
— Ayamela, v. Wayamela ngengalo, he
rested himself on both arms.
— AyamJsa, v. To cause a thing to lean
against: Wayamise umhlakulo eludongeni,
lean the spade against the wall; fig- to
border, limit.
Aye Aux. used in forming compound tenses
2 cl. pi.: amadoda aye etanda, contract.
ayetanda, the men were loving ; aye enga-
telanga, contrac. ayengalelanga, they had not
spoken; see uku-Ya, 2. (c.)
. Ayi, Neg. verb. pref. (a) of 3 cl. sing: ayihambi
inqwelo, the wagon is not moving; (b) of
6. cl. pi.: imitandazo nyivkva, the prayers
are not heard.
Ayinge, Neg. verb. pref. 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl.
pi., see Inge.
is-Avu, u. 4. (a) The Namaqua dove, Oena ' Ayo, Pass. pron. (a) 3 cl. sing. ref. to 2 cl. pi.
capensis (L.) Cf. isi-Vuvu. (b) Oonth-bosje, I Thclv : inkosi inamadoda ayo, the chief is with
Conyza ivaefolia Less, used for galisickness. ; his men; (b) 6 cl. plur. ref. to 2 cl. pi. imiti
AZ
yavutulula amagqabi ayo, the trees shed their
leaves; see Yo.
Aza, A'^'^. verb. pref. of indie, and conj. aorist
(a) 3 cl. pi. : azadla imazi, and the cows ate
not ; (b) 4 cl. pi. : izitya azahlanjwa, and the
vessels were not cleaned; (c) 5 cl. pi. : izinlsu
azapahva, and the skins were not scraped.
Aza, 2 cl. pi. past tense of uku-Za, used
idiomatically to introduce a further state-
ment. Then : aza amadoda ati, then the men
said: see uku-Za 2 (b).
ukw-Azakala, v. seldom used, nearly
=^ukw-Azeka; see vkv-Azi.
— Azakalisa, v. seldom used, nearly
r=ukw-Azisa; see nkw-Azi.
-azana, Suffix, forming diminutives of
feminine nouns: intombi, a girl, daughter;
tntombazana, a little girl.
im-Azi, n. 3. Any female animal, especially
a cow : imazi yohlobo, a choice cow ; iniazi
eniasu mane, a cow that has calved four
times ; dimin. imazana, a little cow.
ubum-Azi, n. 7. The state, age, quality of a
female animal.
Azi, I. Neg. verb. pref. of (a> 3 cl. pi.: igusha
azidli, the sheep do not feed; (b) 4
cl. pi. : izonka azisikwa, the loaves of bread
are not cut; (c) 5 cl. pi.: intshaba azifi-
kaiiga, the enemies have-not arrived.
2. Interjcc: dear me! I wonder how!
azi oku knhle ! how beautiful! azi zihle
izincoko zako! how fair is thy speech or
conversation ! azi ndiyamlandcla-na ? do
I really follow him ? azi, namhla baiiinzi
ahakoitzi nhakohlakeleyo! O, there are
many bad servants now a-days!
ukw-AZI, V. t. pass, ukwazi-wa. To know,
distinguish, understand : uyakivazi konke,
he understands all; to be versed \n: andi-
yazi lonto, I am not versed in that, I do not
do it; to admit or be conscious of a fault:
andiyazi lonto, I have not done that, I know
nothing about it. Phr. nngnz' nye ehizelweni,
you do not know that you are going to die
(by the word of the i-<(inu^e).
n. 8. Knowledge, intelligence: vnokirazi,
he has a great mind, observes closely.
is-Azi, n. 4. An intelligent, wise man.
ulw-Azi, ;/. 5. Knowledge.
ukw-Azana, v. To be known to each other;
to be acquainted, familiar, intimate with
each otlier : ndazana naye, I am his friend ;
abazana 7mm bandilibcle, my familiar
friends have forgotten me.
AZ
— Azeka, v. To be known : indaba ezazeki-^
leyo, news publicly known ; babenombanjwa
obesazeka, they had a notable prisoner.
— Azela, V. To know for or against ; andi-
mazeli nto, I know nothing in his favour or
against him; to know for a purpose, in
respect to, by or for oneself: ndiyazazela
lento, I know that for my own benefit, or I
know this of myself.
is-Azela, n. 4. That which one hears or
feels inside, dimly not clearly; hence used
by some missionaries for conscience ; by
some used only for a bad conscience.
is-Azelo, «. 4. Knowledge, experience
about something ; theory.
-I.a.el'et':lT<"'now for another; .0
be careful not to do anything to his injury ;
to be careful to provide what is suitable to
his wants or circumstances; iikuzazelela, to
be acquainted with anything for one-
self: andizazeleli tito, I know nothing
against myself, n. 8. Foresight, provid-
ence.
— Azisa, V. To make known, inform, give
notice, advertise, introduce to.
um-Azisi, n. I. One who makes known:
ngati ngutnazisi uezitixo zasemzini,he seems
to be a setter-forth of strange gods.
is-Azisi, n. 4. That which or one who
makes known, gives information; pass-
port, letter of introduction.
is-Aziso, n. 4. Notice, advertisement. Isa-
ziso sakomkulu, Government notice.
ukw-Azisana, v. To inform each other;
make known to, make acquainted with
each other.
— Azisela, v. To give knowledge or notice
for, or a description of a thing to one:
ndamaziscla ukuma kivehlabati,! gave him a
description or idea of how it stands in the
world.
is-Aziselo, ;/. 4. Knowledge (objective) of
a thing; description.
um-Azlseleli, n. I. One who makes known
for, or instead of, another; a prophet,
teacher.
is-Aziseleli, = is-Azisi.
ukvv-Azisisa, v. To give a good clear
description or correct information.
Azlnge, Neg. verb. pref. 3, 4 and 5 cl. pi., see
Zinge.
is-Azinge, n. /\. — isa-Zinge.
13
BA
Azo, Ppss. proii. (a) of 3 cl. pi. ref. to 2 cl. pi.
Their: inkosi znkivela cmahashcni azo, the
chiefs rode on their horses; (b) of 4 cl. pi.
ref. to 2 cl. pi.: izidcngc zinamaq'inc^n azo, the
stupiil have their own excuses; (c) of 5 cl
pi. ref. to 2 cl. pi.: intsapo ziteta amazivi azo,
the little children speak their own words,
see Zo.
BA
iz-Azobe, ti. 4. See under iihi-Zoha.
is-Azulu, n. 4. (a) The hair on the back of
an animal growing in a circle, tending to-
wards the centre; so called, because it is
surrounded by the other hair growing in
its natural direction; (b) hence the centre
of a circle, a central locality; esazulwini,
in the midst : ndiini esazulwini samadoda
amnkiilti, I stand in the midst of elders.
"D has two sounds ; one is inspirated, produced
^-^ by compressing and then gently opening
the lips nearly as in the English word tub,
as bala, count; the other is expirated,
produced by closing and opening the lips
forcibly in expelling the breath explosively
like the first b in baby, as bala, write.
Note, m speaking Kafir, Europeans generally make
the mistake of using only the second b.
In printing, the aspirate is put over the vowel,
though it belongs to the preceding consonant.
In locative cases and before the diminutive ter-
mination-""", b is changed into ti/: ingnho, garment ;
engnfycni, in the garment ; indnbn, news; indufi/ana,
little news; in some nouns, however, i remains un-
changed in the locative, z%i-»tahe)ii, on the mountain.
Before the passive inflection «'", inspirated h becomes
t;i: iilcuilnbnla, to shoot ; id-iuhifi/ulira, to be shot;
and expirated b becomes./- ukubiiblfd, to destroy;;
nkiihiijisiffi, to be destroyed ; in a few instances b
remains unaltered, as nkiibnbi-hi, pass nlububelicd.
Before all three inflections mb, if altered at all,
becomes «/ ; iimlamhn, a river; emJanjent, at the
river, but sometimes it remains unaltered, e.g.
nmk-ombe, a ship; cmhimhciii, in the ship.
Ba, I. Proii.siibj. i. cl. pi. (a) before verbs:
b^teta ycna, (short pres.), they speak of him ;
haleta yeun, (absol. past), they spoke of him ;
hsiteta yena (conj. past), and they spoke of
iiim. (b) before adj. : abantn bakt'du, the
people are great.
2. Proit. obj. I. cl. pi. : ivabsigxota abantii, he
drove the people away.
3. Poss. partic. I. cl. pi.: abanht
ba;;/, my people; 7 cl. : ububelc b&ke, his
kindness; ahaiikvana bcndlu^ba-indUi, the
children of the house; ubuhtml-ani bama-'
Ngcsi=- ubuhnnkani ba-nmaNgesi.
4. The temporal mood, I. cl. pi. and 7
cl.: b&hiitandaza. when they prayed ; bahiba
luftkilr ubiikitmkaiii. when the kingdom
had arrived.
uku-BA, I. T'. /. I defective). To be.
1. The idea of being is expressed, (a) When
a noun or pronoun follows, by the pron.
copula: ndingimntu, I am a man; mlingnye,
I am he.
(b) When an adj. follows, by its predicate
form: ndimkulu, I am great; waye vtkulu,
he was great; imil'i mikiilu, the trees are
great ; abantii bakulii, the people are great.
(c) When an adv. or prep, follows, by
the juxtaposition of the words: ndilapa,
I am here ; ndibe ndilapo, I was there ;
ndinenkomo, lit. 'I am with a beast,' i.e. I
have a beast ; ndandiiu'haxhe, I used to have,
or I had, a horse.
2. The root ba appears :
(a) in the perfect be, which is used in form-
ing the compound tenses: ndibs nditeta
contrac. bcndileta, I was speaking; 5/be
sidlilc, contrac. bcsidlile, we had eaten;
abantii Jiabei/a kntanda, the people were
going to love.
(b) In the future tenses : uya hiba. liroti,
lie will be a hero ; nya htba. mktilu, he will
be great ; ndiya kubsi ndiyahlamha, I shall
be cleansing ; he.nya kuba. siyakala, we
should be crying ; especially in conditional
sentences: •soba sitanda, we would love ;
koba. kuliiiigile, it would be good ; soba
uxin(jnhafiuidi, we would not be disciples ;
ilifa loba aVmipuini edingeni, the inheritance
would be no more of promise.
(c) In the imperative : 3'5ba natt, be with
us; 3'/ba«/ iienccba. be ye merciful.
(d) In the aorist : inlaba komh'du, I was
at the chief's place ; kimbako isipUtptt't, there
was a confusion.
(e) In the potential mood : inkomo ingaba
yiyo, the cow may be the same; a'cnmjifbi
iito, it may be nothing.
(f) In the temporal mood : ndaknba tidi-
iet'de, when I have or had spoken ; see above
Ba 4.
BA
(g) In the subjunctive mood: uku-^e abe
yindoda, that he may be a man.
(h) In the negative : musani uhiba. iiga-
bahdnzibcziti.xo,ne\\.\\fix'bQ.yc idolators ; uhuze
singahl ngabakattuki bezinto ezimbi, to the
intent that we should not lust after evil
things ; andibanga nako ukuza, I have not
been able to come.
(i) In expressing an urgent wish : andaba
(andabl) bendincndawo yokulala! would that
I had a lodging place ! ayaba intloko yam
ibi ngamanzi! O, that my head were water !
(k) In exclamations of admiration: Hayi,
ukiiba mhle kwako! O, how fair you are!
hayi, tikuba nkulu kwazo (izinto)! O, how
great they (the things) are!
3. With the prep, na (see Na, 4) it ex-
presses to have : ndoba nenkomo, I shall have
cattle.
From its general import uku-Bd, to be,
with its forms and compounds comes to be
used with the power of adverbs and
conjunctions.
A. Adverbs: The potential mood: ingaba,
ngaba, ingabi, ngabt, it may be, it seems as if,
is used adverbially in the sense of likely,
probably: nditigaba tidofika namhla, I shall
probably arrive to-day ; ngaba lihashe latn,
likely it is my horse ; kungaba njalo, possibly
it is so; See above 2 (e).
B. Conjunctions, as follow: (all of which
are modifications of the infinitive iihiba)
uku-Ba, intens. okoku-BS. (a) If; expressing
possibility or uncertainty: iihiba kuko
uyalo, if there is any exhortation ; ukiiha
abantti bayanit'iya, if the people hate you ;
tikuba ndit'i ndigwebe, if I judge ; iikiiba iite
wanani, if he had been with me; ukuba
ubulapa, umnakwdu nge engafanga, if thou
hadst been here, our brother had not died.
(b) If, i.e. whether; ukukangcla ukuba
amanzi alula-na, to see if the waters were
abated; masibacikide abantu, ukuba nga-
bakowdu-na, let us try the people if they
belong to us.
(c) That: undixclele ukuba iifikile, he
told me that you had come : niiyazi uku-
ba ulapa, I know that he is here.
(d) That, in order that : ndize ukuba ndi-
bone wena, I have come that I might see
you; akanatyala, lokuba abulawe, he is not
guilty that he should be kiWed: wabayala
ukuba bangaxdeli nabani, he charged them
that they should tell no man.
BA
eku-Beni, intens. ekoku-Beni, Lit. in
being, i.e. in as much as, for as much as:
ckubeni niligiba ilizwi lam, seeing you
thrust my word from you.
kwaku-Beni, Though, nakwaku-Beni,
Even though : nakwakubeni waycngayazi
ukuba ingaba yinto-nina, even though
he did not know what it was.
ngaseku-Beni, Near to that, in that.
naku-Ba, naku-Beni, naseku-Beni,
Even if, even in that, although : nakuba bo-
tike bey a kukubcka kuwe, though all shall
be offended in you ; akayalekanga nakuba
ebona ukuba ubuntu baki bupelile, he did
not take warning, though he saw that his
human worth was gone.
noku-BS, intens. nokoku-Ba, (a) And if:
nakuba ubani uyanibuza, and if any one
ask you.
(b) Even if, though: nakuba undiba-
mhezele, even if you detain me; nakuba
anikohva ndim, though you believe not me ;
nokuba utsho, nokuba akatsho, even though
he say so, or even though he do not say so.
(c) Rather than: kukalawjele ukuba
unyene ezidwini u^ilima kuiiokuba upo-
i^we cnililweni, it is better for thee to enter
into heaven maimed than to be cast into
the fire. Sometimes it expresses a super-
lative idea : a>iikuka nokuhi unemLshi, O,
how haughty you are! (see Asi); noka
kiDiijtkuko nokuba arara amazwl ako !
though your words are ever so bitter!
Note, nakuba (from na and kuba) and
nokuba (from na and ukuba) cannot be used
quite indifferently, though sometimes the
one may be used for the other. Nakuba is
used when reality is implied. Nokuba,
when the thing may or may not be ;
nakuba esitsho, although he says so ; nokuba
utsho, even though he say so.
ku-Ba, For, because, (a) with the participle :
kuba beteta, because- they speak ; (b) with
the indicative when making an affirm-
ation: kuba andize kubiza Jiina, for I have
not come to call you.
ngaku-Ba and ngoku-Ba, intens. ngoko-
ku-Ba Lit. through that i.e. because,
(followed by the participle or indie, see
ku-Ba): wamdubula lomntu ngokula
cngaguqukanga, he upbraided this man,
because he repented not; ngokuba benga-
kolwt kiim, because they believe not in
me. In the neg. ngakuba is used: asi^
15
BA
sindiswa ngukuba sitandaza, we are not
saved because we pray, i.e by prayer;
anindifiini ngakuba nabona imiqondiso, you
seek me not because ye saw the miracles.
ngangoku-BS, intcns. ngangokoku-BS, As
much as; so great that; so much that;
so as that: ngangokuba oyikc ukulala,
so much so that he was afraid to lie down.
njengoku-BS, intens. iijengokoku-Ba,
According as that; as; even as; njengo-
kuba i-Nkosi yamnikayo ulowo tialmvo,
even as the Lord gave to everyone ; ttje-
wjokuha etanda, according as he wishes ; cf.
Njc.
ngenx' enoku-B5, and ngenxa yoku-BS, Be-
cause that ; see i-Nxa.
suku-B5, contrac. su-BS, s.i-B' (fr. sul-a and
uknha), denotes contingency and is follow-
ed by the participle; to happen to be;
it is so as if; perhaps; just so; generally
expressed by the English 'so ever': umiitu
osnhuha esifa, whosoever should happen to
be sick; o.-'ukuha esidla ewtfonka, whosoever
eats of this bread ; into oiiiuktiha nii/ibopa,
whatsoever you bind ; apo uxukuha vaii/a
kona, ndokulandda, wheresoever thou
goest I will follow thee ; mjamaxc^ha oiike
pui.mkiiha nit/isda, whensoever, i.e. as
often as, ye drink it.
uku-BS, II. ('. ?. To become: ndiha wjumntu, I
become a man ; ndiha mkulu, I become great ;
»xiha ngakumkani, he became king ; ma.nl>one
iiknhii (tmapupa oba nja-ni-naf let us see
what will become of his dreams? Phr.
ndisnrja ktiha nijumn/ii, I shall still be or
become a human being, said of one who is
anticipating a blessing of health or joy, e.g.
one who gets married after having been a
widower or widow.
uku-BS, III. V. i. To mean; to be of opinion;
to think, imagine, suppose : bendiba yintsimbi,
I thought it was iron ; kwakukd ababa, there
were those who thought; umjabi, do not
imagine.
2 p. pi. abbrev. rel. aJxi, who or which
think ; absol. past aba, they supposed ; conj.
past aba, and they supposed; short pres. cWa,
they suppose.
ubu-Bo, n. 7. Meaning, imagination,
thought.
uku-BS, (ukw-lba), IV. v. t. To steal : wcba, he
stole; uznwjchi, do not steal; euphem. uka-
j/'tba iiUombi, to deceive, cheat a girl, to lie
with her without her knowledge; n/cmnba
BA
umnta, cunningly to get one to express an
opinion, or to give defective or wrong in-
formation, in order to use it injuriously.
isi-Biwo, n. 4. ^
isi-Bo, n. 4. [ Stealing, theft.
ulu-Bo, n. 5. )
uku-Bela, r. To steal from : ndabzhca lento,
this thing was stolen from me; abelunyu
bayabeUcii kakiilii, the Europeans are rob-
bed very much; baaibSla igmha nkiize bafu-
mane imali yoiyioalu, they steal sheep for
themselves to get money for drink ; nmntu
obelweyo, the man from whom something
has been stolen ; to steal for : wabsla
ukuznlisa ukulamba kicake, he stole to
satisfy his hunger; uyibele ntonina into
yam.-' why or for what reason have you
stolen my thing ? To eat the first ripe fruit
clandestinely; see nllbo.
um-BS, n. 6. A dangerous edge between the
declivities of a mountain; a steep narrow
pass where the game steals through; a
narrow defile between precipices; a stair
in a rock; fig. danger; nkahamba nrfemiba,
to have to take to dangerous places in
travelling.
ama-Baba, n. 2. Patches or shingles like
ring-worm; marks or scales on the body,
as on a leprous man.
um-Baba, n. 6. Wild chestnut, Calodendron
capense, Tlmnb, the fruit of which, small
and black, is sometimes bound by hunters
round their wrists for the purpose of charm-
ing the game.
uku-BABA, V. i. To be sharp, biting to the
feeling; to smart, feel a stinging sensation
or irritation of the skin, as from a nettle;
to itch : isilonda siyababa, the sore is itching
is biting.
um-Babebabe, /(. l. (a) One who feels itchy
all over; fig. an irritable person.
(b) One who outruns others in a race.
um-Babane, n. 6. (a) Itch, (b) Fury.
im-Babazane, n. 3. A nettle.
uku-Babela, v. To feel itching, biting: nda-
babdwa, I felt itching; to set fire before-
hand to the grass near anything you wish
to preserve and so prevent it being burnt
in an anticipated conflagration ; to burn the
grass round the huts near a village ; to use a
preventive ; fig. to utter exciting language.
— Babelana, >'. To produce pain ; to throb
after: i</a2i lihabdana n<jemitamhd emzi-
inbuni, the blooci throbs in the arteries.
16
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— Babixa, v. To cause to itch ; fig. to incite
desire.
uku-B'AB'A, V. i. (a) To flutter like a bird in a
trap; to struggle to escape from a snare;
to fly. (b) To extract moisture by the
application of heat.
i-Babdtane, n. 2. (a) A moth or butterfly.
(b) One who wanders about from place to
place, (c) One who wanders in his speech,
i.e., who does not stick to the truth.
uku-Babama, v. To rage; to be furious-
i-Babama, n. 2. An irascible or choleric
person.
u-Babamo, «. S- 1 -c- i.
um-Babamo, n. 6. j ^''''''^ ^^S^' o"'^"^''^
of anger; choler.
uku-Babamela, v. To address one in wrath.
— Babamisa, v. To enrage, irritate.
— Babazela, v. (a) To flap about, as a
duck attempting to fly. (b) To growl
exceedingly, as a lion or leopard.
— Babisa, v. (a) To ensnare or catch in a
trap: inyamazanu ibajisiot esibattni, the
animal has been caught in a snare; tine,
bantu sibajiswe mjezono, we- people are
ensnared by means of sins, i.e. sin has
taken hold of us. (b) To move the shaft of
an assegai o/er the fire to make it elastic.
uku-BABALA, r. t. pass, hatyahra, I. General-
ly, to do a thing spontaneously of one's own
accord or feeling, not through compulsion
of anything external ; awjathuaa ukuti anga-
sibahali wjtzinto sonkei'i how shall he not
freely give us all things.?
2. Particularly (a) to confer a benefit of
one's own voluntary will : unanttiundibabale,
ndibont mjtnto seyiwjena, such a one has given
me a free gift, I only knew of it by its enter-
ing my house or fold; (b) to attack or
insult one quite gratuitously without cause
or provocation: yini ukuba andibahale. ndiiujt-
nzanga nto '^ why has he gi-atuitously attacked
me without my having done any thing (to
provoke him) .? (c) to seize, as a disease, in a
way that cannot be accounted for: aiidita::i
esisifo sifumane. sandibabala, I cannot account
for this illness, it has seized me withoul
cause.
isi-Babalo, «. 4. An unasked gift.
u-Babalo, n. 5. Grace; the benediction.
im-Babal«, n. 3. (a) The bushbuck, Trage-
laphus scriptus sylvaticus (Spar.); imbab.da-
kazi, the doe of the bushbuck. Phr. uyimbabx-
la yolwantunge, he is a buck of an endless
forest, i.e., a shiftless man who ne /er con-
C
BA
tiniies long in any place or occupation; a
ne'er-do-well, one guided by no fixed princi-
ple, (b) A species of butterfly, red with
white spots, (c) Rust in Kafir-corn.
ukut'i-Babalala, v. (a) To fall suddenly or
with violence, (b) To sit or dwell spread
out.
isi-Babalala. ??. 4. A stout person or animal ;
isibabalala somfo, a very stout man,
u-Babalaia, n. 5. Wide extent, compass.
i-BABALAZA, «. 3. Sickness caused by
intemperance, which compels the person
affected to seek meat to relieve himself;
from the Dutch.
i-Babatane. n. 2. A moth, etc. See under
iihi-Baba.
isi-Babatu, h. 4. Any thing uncommonly
v/ide, broad or extensive.
uku-Babaza, v. t. pass, batyazwa, To report one
as very ill, or as acting uncommonly well,
or as bestowing very bountifully; to exag-
gerate. Em. to speak highly of a person ; to
exalt, extol.
""^R^^K^^f ' I «•!• Anexaggerator; one
um-Babaz!, 3 ^^ '
who is always complaining.
um-Babazo, n. 6. Exaggeration ; the act of
reporting one as very sick, or as acting
uncommonly well, or as bfestov/ing very
bountifully.
uku-Babazela, see under uku-Baba.
Babe, Auxll. in forming the compound tenses,
I cl. pi.: babe betatida, contrac. babetarida,
they were or have been loving; babe benga-
tetanga, contrac. babengatetanga , they had not
spoken; babe bey a kuhamba, contrac. babeya
kuhamba, they were going to walk; they
should have walked, see uku-Ba, I. 2. (a).
um-Babebabe, ti. I. See under uku-Baba.
Babo, Pass. pron. I. Its. 7 cl. ref. (a) to I
cl. pi. : ubukumkani hinabantu babo, the king-
dom has its people, (b) to 7 cl. : tibtisi buno-
bumnanii babo, honey has its sweetness.
2. Their. I cl. pi. ref. (a) to I cl. pi. : abantu
nabantwana babo, the people and their child-
ren, (b) to 7 cl. : okumkanibanobukumkanibabo,
the kings have their kingdom. See Bo;
ababo, companions, sing, uwabo.
jku-Babu!a, v. t. To draw, paint, tattoo.
.iku-Babulu!a, ohs.,—uku-Tungulula.
iiku-B'ACA, I. V. i. To cutandmake thQisibaca.
isi-Baca, n. 4. That part of the woman's
kaross which hangs loose behind ; its length
is equal to the length of the kaross. It is
i;
BA
generally made of the dressed hide of a i
dark red coloured ox. The hair is not taken i
off and the hairy side is outward. The
whole breadth, formerly about a foot, is
formed of small longitudinal strips, each
about two inches broad, which are neatly
sewn together and variously ornamented
with buttons; the kaross itself; fig. a
shawl; the flap of a wagon sail.
um-Baco, tt. 6. A long strip of cotton
blanket made like a dress and worn by
Kafir women and girls. ;
uku-B'ACA, II. V. i. To go without having any ,
definite object in view; to wander about in j
a destitute state; to be homeless; cf. uku-
Mfenguza, j
im-Baca, ) One wandering in search i
mi-Bacu, 3 -^
of a home or livfelihood, refugee; bazimba- I
cii, they were scattered by hunger or war ;
they wandered about for work.
uku-Bacela, v. To wander to a certain place
or person for aid; tvabacela emlungwini,
he sought for help among the Europeans.
— Bacisa, v. To turn one from home ; to
cast him destitute on the world.
isi-Bada, ;;. 4. (a) An isolated patch or spot I
on the ground, of distinctive colour, (b) An ,
incapable being, (c) Any small circular
thing placed on the head as an ornament;;
fig. a scar on a person. j
uku-B'ADA, V. t. (a) To plunder, rob, (a kind :
of legal stealing, done secretly and confessed j
afterv/ards) ; to use for a time that which J
belongs to another without his permission. !
(b) To kill, murder secretly; to assassinate.
(c) To ravish (not by force), ^=uku-Zuma.
i-Bada, n. 2. A thief, assassin, ravisher.
um-Bido, n. 6. The act of appropriating
another person's property for a time with-
out permission ; robbery, plunder, murder ;
ravishing.
ukut'i-B'ADA, V. i. To fall down flat ; ndite-bada
ngesisH, I fell flat on my stomach; ikaka
lentsbnhi elithva-bada esifubcni. a breastplate.
ukut'i-Badada. v. To lie down flat suddenly.
im-Badada, «. 3. A sandal.
uku-Badama, v. To sit or lie down in wait ;
to watch, as a cat for a mouse.
isi-Badama, n. 4. A stupid person.
uku-Badameka, v. To be stupid.
— Badamela, v. To watch for the appre-
hension of a criminal, or capture of an
enemy.
^-Badaza u | ^ ^^^^ cautiously,
— Badabadaza, v. S ■"
not firmly, like one who walks barefoot
for the first time, or as a child ready to
fall; to waddle like a duck; to speak
hesitatingly.
— Badazela, v. To walk cautiously in.
— Badeka, v. To put, place, lay, clap
down flat: abifazi babubadcka ubulongo
cbuhlant'i, or amalongo pezu komlilo, the
women put the wet cow dung in the cattle
fold flat on the ground or against the
walls to dry, or the dry dung on
the fire; to put the hand flat on the fat
swimming on- soup or food and lick it off.
— Badekela, v. To place flat for.
u-Badakazi, «. l. An uninhabited region:
ndiiftamba kwa-Badakazi apo kiingcko namanzi,
apb huigeko mzi, I travelled in the wilder-
ness where there was neither water nor a
village ; fig. midnight: ndafika kwa or kwesika-
Badakazi, I arrived at midnight.
i-Badana, n. 2. A small springbuck ; dimin.
of i-Badi.
i-Badi, 11. 2. (a) The springbuck, Antidorcas
euchore fZimtn.); fem. ibadikazi ; dimin.
ibadana; itikabi ebadi, and inkomo ebadi, and
ibadikazi elibomvu, an ox or a cow with some
red on the sides, and much white on the
back and belly ; ibadikazi elrmnyama, a cow
with black on the sides, (b) General
name for butterflies, (c) One who wanders
about from place to place.
uku-BadIa, v. i. Em. To simmer, boil.
i-Badlala, 1
i-Badlalala, J
last or drop behind in a race; fig. an un-
wieldy person.
'^^:^' ]«.'. To pierce through a
hollow thing as the belly with a blunt
instrument, or stick ; to fill a garment with
holes; fig. to reveal, v. i. Of a pimple or
scab, to appear.
i-Badiubadlvtana, n. 2. A thing pierced
or beaten into tatters; fig. a person full
of talk.
im-Badlula, «. 3. One who opens up things,
reveals secrets.
isi-Badlu, n. 4. Anything perforated with
holes, as a garment or as the wooden
part of a brush into which the bristles are
inserted; anything blotched with grease
or ink.
18
n. 2. The oxen which are the
J8A
uku-Badluka, v. To be perforated with
big holes, as clothes by fire, or a bag of
mealies by mice, or the walls of a house
by rain: inxowa ibadluldle zitnpukn, the
mice have eaten big holes in the bag.
•■^R^H^ti!!'.,"' ^"^ I A rambler, roamer,
isi-Badubadu, «. 4. ) ' '
wanderer, vagabond, emigrant; one in
search of anything; a straying animal.
uku-Badula, ) „, ^^ „„ oK^„t. «^
-Badubadula, \ ^- ^^ S° ^b°"^' ^°
migrate; to wander constantly, roam
about; to be a vagabond; fig. to wander
in speaking or addressing.
isi-Baduli, n. 4. =i-Badubadu.
uku-BaduIela, v. To wander to or for:
bona babadulel'i ukudla, they wander in
search of food.
— Badulisa, v. To make to wander.
um-BAKA, n, 6. The balsam-tree.
isi-Bakabaka, «. 4. The space or expanse
between heaven and earth, the firmament.
i-Bakala n. 2. Step, space, section, paragraph,
p3riod, school standard.
isi-Bakala, n. 4. Public : beka inyatn i esibak.:-
leni, put the meat in an open place before
all. The pi. is used for good, sweet words,
reasons, proofs, arguments, by which one is
convinced.
ukut'i-Bakata, v. i. To come unexpectedly on
anything feared; to close in fight with an
enemy. Of boys, to step forward, to go at
one in fighting: wati bakata kum, he attacked
me suddenly, before I expected him; to
throw at a near object.
uku-Bakaxa, v. i. (a) To rush in an extended
line : balibakaxa ihlati, they rushed all spread
out into the forest; fig. to speak all at once,
without order ; to confuse : inteto yake indi-
bakaxile, his speech has come to me from
every point and confused me. (b) To take
a by-path, (c) To sew on a patch, (d) To
enter as an assegai blade horizontally; to
beat with the middle of a stick, not with the
end ; to hit with the shaft, not with the blade.
isi-Bakaxa, n. 4. Anything misshapen or
ill made.
uku-Bakaxisa, v. To cause to rush, take
a by-path, sew, enter, etc.
Bake, Pass. pron. 3 p. sing. His, her; ref. (a)
to I cl. pi. : ahantu bake, his people ; (b) to 7
cl. : ubukumk.mi bake, his kfngdom ; emphat.
abake abanhvana, his or her own children.
(To be distinguished from the 3 p. pi. pres.
indie, of uku-Ka or uku-Ke, and the I cl. pi.
pres. conj. of the same, and of uku-Ka, to
draw, and ukw-Aka, to build).
BA
Bako, Pass. pro:i. (I) 2 p. sing. Thy; ref. (a)
to I cl. pi. : abatitwana b.iko, thy children ; not
to be confounded with the 3 p. pi. pres. indie.
of ukubako, they are present or in existence ;
emphat. abako abatitwana, thy children; (b)
to 7 cl.: ubuhlanti bako, thy cattlefold;
emphat. oiaA'(5 ubuhlanti; thy cattlefold.
(II) 8 cl. Its; ref. (a) to I cl. pi.: ukutya
kudliwe tigabapeki bako, the food has been
eaten by its cooks, (b) to 7 cl.: ukufa
kunobmizima bako, death has its burden ; see
Kd.
Baku, Temp, mood I cl. pi. : bakudla abatitwana,
when the children ate ; 7 cl. : bakuba bupelile
utywala, when the beer had been finished.
i-Bakuba, n. 2. (a) Bakuba is an ideal country
far away. Phr. kukude e-Bakuba, you will have
to run before you can escape me; Bakuba
is far away, no person ever reached it, i.e. do
not build castles in the air; it also means 'ifs
and buts'. (b) A species of castor oil plant.
Bakubaku, adj. Flapping, applied to the ears
of an elephant or of certain breeds of dogs
with long drooping ears. When applied to
persons, it is used offensively.
i-Baku, n. 2. (a) A dog with long drooping
ears, (b) The long-tailed widow-bird,
Diatropura procn; (Bodd), the male of
which has in the breeding-season a
peculiar flapping flight, (c) A certain way
of fastening a handkerchief round the
head of a girl.
uku-Bakuzela, v. To walk at full speed
with garments flapping; fig. to act as one
who travels aimlessly without a stick, etc.
i-BAKUMA, ti. 3. An oven, fr. the Du. bakoven.
uku-BALA, x>. ;. To count, reckon, compute,
number. Phr. ih(7she lihaV indlebe, the horse
pricks up one ear and thsn the other.
um-Bali, n. I. One who counts, reckons;
accountant, computer.
i-Bali, n. 2. Old story, old occurrence, in-
cident; historical fact or event.
im-Bala, n. 3. used as adj. One, only one.
im-Bali, (S short) n. 3. Narrative, tale: yenz'
itnbali, recount or narrate a story or
history. Phr. bavuya imb'ili, they rejoiced
marvellously ; yiitibali lonto, that's a yarn.
im-Balwa, n. 3. pi. Few: ndiiienkoino ezl-
mbakva, I have a few cattle.
isi-Bali, n. 4. One expert in counting.
im-Balo, «. 3- )
isi-Ba!o, n. 4. > That which is counted,
um-Balo, n. 6. )
reckoned; arithmetic.
uku-Balela, v. To count for, enumerate-
19
BA
Euphem. ivamhalcla, lie slept in her h/.t;
said of a polygamist sleeping a certain
number of nights in the huts of his wives
in turn.
um-Baleli, w. I. The quack who enumerates
the places in which a wizard has hidden
charms.
um-Balelo, «. 6. Enumeration, account.
uku-Balelana. v. To reckon with one
another: wabrilelana nabakbnzi bake, he
reckoned with his servants.
— Balisa, v. To cause to count, relate,
recite, narrate. It implies always that
the thing narrated is old.
im-Ba!iso, ?;. 3. Narrative, relation, history,
account.
uku-Balisela, v. To narrate, tell news or an
old matter of dispute to or for: ndibabali-
sela ukukamba kwam, I gave them an
account of my journey.
— Baliselana, v. To narrate to each other,
or alternately; to tell stories to each
other: baklala bebaliselcna, they sat down,
or they continued, telling one another old
stories.
— Balula, ] , \ -r • 1 11 T
-Balubalula,] '"'^^^ To pick, cull, specify,
distinguish, note, mark out, select;
reflex, wazibalula, he distinguished him-
self, in the sense of making himself distinct
from others, (b) To except, (c) To open
or lift up the eyes.
isi-Balulo. ;;. 4. Selection; the best, chief
person or thing.
uku-Baluleka, v. To be distinguished, etc. :
indodi ebalulekileyo, a prominent, con-
spicuous, distinguished, weighty, import-
ant man.
u-Baluleko, n. 5. Distinction.
uku-Balulela, v. To mark out on account of
or for others.
uku-B'ALA, V. t. To mark, write, sign, paint:
bala encwiidini, write in the book.
um-Bali, «. I. Scribe, writer, clerk; iimbali
mhiqopiso, a notary.
im-BaJl. (a long) n. 3. An expert in writing.
im-Balo, v.. 3. The art of writing.
u-Bi*o^« "•4- j Writing, record, scripture.
um-8a3o, «. 6. Writing, mark, stripe; a
woollen blanket with a black stripe.
uku-Balela, t'. To write for or to a person:
wondibalela incw::di, you must write a letter
for me or to me. Phr. wabaleJa edolweni,
lit. he wrote on the knee, i.e. he was
insincere, shifty, cheating; he spoke lies
wherever he went.
BA
I um-Baleli, «. I. A correspondent.
[ um-Balela dolwcni, w. i. A wiseacre.
j im-Balelano, n. 3. Correspondence.
I uku-Balisa, v. To cause to write.
— Balisana, v. To cause to write to each
I other.
— Balula, V. To scratch, make stripes by
scratching with claws; to shave off the
rough parts of a skin.
1-Bala, M. 2. (a) Colour, hue, mark, spot;
ibala lake lilubehi, his colour is yellow.
Phr. amabal' eugwe, lit. leopard's spots, i.e.
hints, remarks ; fig. ubeka ibala, he blames, (b)
A bare space, or a yard near or round a
house, or a glade in or near a forest ; a lawn ;
dimin. ibalana.
ama-Bal'engwe, n. 2. plural. A name given
to the Lesser Cape Bishop-bird, Euplectes
capensis approximans (Cab.).
im-Bala, n. 3, Spots, blotches, or marks on
the shin-bone of old people from sitting
over the fire too much.
isi-Bala, ;/. 4. (a) The great muscle on the
ribs, pect. maj. (b) Open place.
u-Bala, n. 5. A place cleared off, open, where
nothing is to be seen ; hence, a desert, wilder-
ness; ilizwe liluhala, the country is desert,
uninhabited.
um-Bala, n. 6. Shin-bone (tibia).
ukut'i-Balakaxa, v. i. To fall sprawling into
a hole or ditch; to fall over some one in
running: ndai'i-halakaxa ehantwini besiba, I
stumbled on people stealing, i.e. I caught
them in the act.
im-Ba!akaxa, «. 3. A very lazy person
always sitting in one place.- iiti-nina usuke
w:Ui mbalakaxa 7!jc? why are you sprawl-
ing there idle ?
isi-Balala, n. 4. (a) Shouting, loud crying on
the part of men pursuing: bazibalala, they
are running away, (b) A rug, or coloured
blanket.
u-Balangiie, n. l. A white horse, or ox.
im-Balafa, n. 3. (a) One who distinguishes
himself, excels in strength, courage, or
ability, e.g. in shooting, etc; the boldest
hero; the greatest prince (God), (b) The
bitterest medicine.
uku-Balasa, v. To cry as a calf when caught,
or as a cow for its calf.
im-Balasane, w. 3. That which is brilliant,
eminent above all others, used esp. of
young bulls; eminence, brilliance.
BA
uku-Balasela, v. To shine; to make con-
spicuous, very bright or dazzling, so as to
overpower; of an ox or cow, to keep
bellowing till it disturbs.
uku-BALEKA, v. i. To run, flee ; impi yabaleka,
the enemy fled; to avoid: ndambaleka, I
fled from him ; to fly, as a bird.
um-Baleki, n. I. Runner, fugitive.
im-Baleki, n. 3. A good runner, a race horse.
uku-Balekela, v. To run, flee for or to
towards, into: ndibalekela ku-Tixo, I flee
to God; to attack without cause: into
ebalekelweyo, a thing attacked without
cause; to meddle with; to provoke: undi-
balekele full, he provoked me often.
— Balekisa, v. (a) To make one run, flee;
to spur on: ukubalekisa amahashe, to race
horses, (b) To run with, or along with,
(c) To work nimbly; to handle tools
cleverly.
— Balekisela, v. To drive away for or to.
uku-Balela, v. To shine ; to be hot ; to scorch,
burn up, applied to the sun; ilang.i libalele.
the sun is hot, or there is a drought.
— Balelela, v. To scorch ; umhlabn ubalelelwe
lilangi, the earth is scorched by the sun.
— Balelisa, v. To cause to shine, to scorch.
im-Bali n. 3. The small seed of any tree,
plant, blossom or flower ; hence, progeny.
Balo, Poss.pron. Its. (l). 2 cl. sing. ref. (a) to I
cl. pi. : ilizwi linabrp'ilapuli balo, the word has
its listeners; (b) to 7 cl.: uhude balo. its (the
country's) length. (2). 5 cl. sing. ref. fa) to I
cl. pi. : usana Iwagcinwa 7igabazali balo, the
child was kept by its parents ; (b) to 7 cl. :
ubunzulu b.ilo. its (the sea's) depth. See Lo.
uku-BaluIa, See under uku-Bala.
uku-Balula, See under uku-Bala.
ukut'i-BaluIu, V. To open the eyes; to come
to oneself after a faint.
Bam, Pass. pron. My; ref. (a) to I cl. pi.
abantwana bam, my children; emphat. abam
abantwana, my own children; (b) to 7 cl.:
ubuko bam, my presence ; see M.
ukut'i-Bam, v. i. To fall flat ; to become feeble.
uku-BAMB'A, v. t. pass, banjwa. To seize,
grasp, apprehend; catch, hold, to keep back,
restrain ; yibambe inkabi ingabaleki, hold fast
the ox that it may not run away ; wabanjwa
tvasiwa kulimbt ilizwe, he was caught and
taken to another country ; uyibambtle imali
yam, he has kept back my money; wabamb'
umzimba, he braced his body, or became
wary; wabamb' ameJilo, he cheated; wabamb'
amazinyo, he shuddered; wabamb' umloftto,
BA
he was amazed; bamba ilizwi, think of the
word, keep it in remembrance; wazibamba,
he held himself back, was reserved; he was
self-possessed at the time of excitement,
refrained from action; fig. to hold as, to
count for: ngokuba bcbebambe ukut'i uyinkosi,
because they counted him for a chief. See
also under isi-Sila.
um-Bambi, n. I. A captor: umhamhi sahlulo
a shareholder.
um-Banjwa, n. I. A captive, prisoner.
i-Bamba, n. 2. (a) The eyetooth, tusk of
animals, (b) The lath bent over the thatch
on a hut, to which strings or ropes are
tied to bind down the thatch, (c) One
who acts for another ; a regent ; a locum
tenens.
im-Bambe, n. 3. The boundary of a forest :
embambeni yehlati, at the edge of the
forest.
isi-Bambo, n. 4. An instrument for holding,
as a handle, vice, pincers; the evidence
of the capture of a thief or other culprit ;
f\-g.=am-Andla.
u-Bambo, n. 5. (a) A rib; ubatnbo Iwempeiii,
the false or lowest rib ; ubambo lomahlulo,
the highest rib. (b) The ring or band of a
wheel, (c) A muscle of the breast. Dimin.
u-Banjana.
um-Bamb6, n. 6. Capture.
uku-Bambana, v. To strive, struggle, grap-
ple, catch, take hold one of another, as
wrestling men; fig. to contend about a
matter in which both parties maintain
their right; hence the war cry: ibambene
ngazo! or hibanjenwe ngazo! the enemy is
at war with us about them (the cattle);
to cohere: ubuso bamanzi anzongonzongo
bubambene, the face of the deep is frozen.
im-Bambane, n. 3. Debate, controversy.
im-Bambano, n. Z- \ ctr ■(
u-Bambario, n. 5. ) ^^''^^' controversy.
uku-Bambanisa, v. To cause divisions.
u-Bambaniso, n. 5. Division resulting from
strife: balumkeleni aba benza imbambaniso,
beware of those who cause divisions.
uku-Bantibeka, v. To be held fast, either
actually, as an imperfect screwnail in
wood giving no catch to a screwdriver;
or figuratively, as a person by work or
sickness: ndibambekile kulomzi, I am de-
tained at this place ; ndisabambekile ngum-
sebenzi, I am held fast by my work;
unjanina? usabambekile , how is he.? he is
still gripped fast, i.e. he is still sick.
21
BA
— Bambekisa, v. To cause to be held fast.
— Bambela, v. To catch or hold for
another; to be a substitute for: Jidiyiha-
mbele lendoda, I work or act for this man,
in his stead.
um-Bambeli, «. I. Deputy, proxy, repre-
sentative.
uku-Bambelana, v. To seize mutually on
behalf of each party: kwahanjelwana a-
Belungu nama-Xosa, the Europeans and
Kafirs seized mutually on behalf of their
respective parties.
— Bambelela, v. To hold on to; to hang
by: lisana luhambelela kiinina, the child
holds on, i.e. is attached, to its mother,
■ isi-Bambelelo, n. 4. Anything to hold on
by.
uku-Bambelelana, v. To hold on to each
other.
uku-Bambezcla, v. To keep waiting; to
hinder, impede, prevent, detain till it is
too late : windilxunhezela selehamhile uhdwo,
he kept me back, when my father had
already gone far; fig. to repay, retaliate,
recompense: wahamhezela ngenkomo zotn-
kuluwe wake, he retaliated, i.e. recovered
(his cattle) by seizing his brother's cattle,
isi-Bambezelo, h. 4. (a) Interruption, de-
tention, hindrance, stoppage, delay; re-
taliation, (b) That which is given as
securitj'.
uku-Bambisa. v. To cause to grip: zihamhise
intlanzi, catch fish; to hold with, retain
by ; to have a hold on one by having
possession of his property; fig. to take
hold along with; to help, assist: ndiha-
mhise emsehenzini warn, help me in my
work; to pledge; to mortgage, promise:
wandihatuhisa ngenkomo, he gave me a
cow to keep meanwhile.
um-Bambisi, «. I. Catcher, captor; umha-
mh'tsi tventlanzi, a fisherman.
isi-Bambiso, «. 4. A trap for catching; fig.
pledge, engagement.
u-Banjiso, «. 5. A catch (of fishes).
uku-Bambisana. v. To keep one another
by the hand; to assist each other; fig. to
enter into a mutual engagement; to co-
operate ; to pledge or bind each other to
an engagement or enterprize; to enter
into confederacy.
isi-Bambisano, n. 4. Mutual help.
uku-Bambisela, v. To pledge.
isi-Bambiselo, n. 4. Pledge.
iSA
im-Batnbalala, n. 3. That which is big;
intonibi iyimbambalala, the girl is big, stout.
uku-B'AMB'AT'A, v. t. pass, hanjatwa, To pat,
tap encouragingly with the flat hand; to
quiet, allay, appease, coax, flatter; fig. to
hint, allude to.
um-Bambato, n. 6. A medicinal plant.
uku-Bambatisa v. To encourage, promise,
vow; to cause to hope for favours; u-
Herode ivayibamhMsa intotnbi ngcsifungo,
Herod promised the girl with an oath;
to assent seemingly, grant apparently.
isi-Bambatiso, n. 4. A vow.
uku-Bambezela, see under ttkii-Bamba.
isi-Bana, n. 4, Dimin. of isi-Bi.
isi-Banana, n. 4. A swell: usisihanana, he
goes about with a show of enlightenment.
um-Banc6!o, n. 6. A beggarly, poor, home-
less person.
uku-Banda, v. i. To be cold, chill or frigid, i.e.
to the feeling, (it does not mean, to feel
coldi. «. 8. Coldness.
— Bandisa, v. To make cold; to cool.
um-Bandiswa, «. l. One who is cold from
rain.
isi-Bandiso, «. 4. A cooler.
isi-Banda, n. 4. A scar, scratch, cicatrix.
um-Banda, n. 6. A species of Strychnos.
uku-Bandakanya, v. 4. (from i-bande and
kanye). To join, put things together in one
class, title, etc. ; to set, fix, bring one or more
things into connection with one another;
sibandakanyiwe tio-Tixo, we have been joined
to God; indoda ihandakanywa nomfazi wayo,
the man is joined to his wife.
— Bandakanyana, v. To be adjoining;
imizi-le ibandakanyene, the places are close
to each other.
— Bandakanyisa, v. To make to join
ndabnndakanyisa lento nalento, I joined this
and that; iizibandakanyisile tialonintu, he
has joined himself to that man.
isi-Bandakanyiso, «. 4. A coupling, joining.
i-Bande, n. 2. A bandage: babdlshwa ngabande
nye, they were tied with one bandage.
i-Bande «. 2. A small heap of corn, grass or
firewood, either loose or tied up in a bundle.
im-Bande, n. 3. (a) The shinbone, which the
Bushmen use as a whistle, (b) A pipe, flute,
fife, (c) A shrub, (d) A little village close by
a chief's residence.
isi-Bande, «. 4. A certain kind of long,
aromatic grass, used by lying-in women
and menstruating females.
uku-Bande!a, v, t. To load up very much.
-Bandelela, v. To overload.
BA
um-Batidela, n. 6. A bone in the hock, (fibula) ;
an amendment to a resolution or pi-oposition '•
iidensa umbandcla kwelozivi, I added to that
word ; amaha:uldn, things grafted in ; fig.
people who attach themselves to another
body of people; a mixed multitude, as that
which went up from Egypt with the
Israelites.
uku-BANDEZA, v. t. To keep back; to
depri^-e, debar; to prevent the use of
a thing; to refuse to lend or gran'::
lotmttu asikuko nokiiba tiyayibmideza into yak''.
this man is exceedingly averse to lending. ,
uyawubandezn lanzimba wako, thou refuses
to give the use of thy body to do a thing ,.
uyayibandeza indicia, he refuses to give th.
use of the road; uyibandezile iivayini entU ,
thou hast kept back the good wine. Phi-
mnona wasemliingwini ubandeza ic'itywa enga-
liqabi, the envy of the Europeans preventt^
the getting of red clay from the pit, and yet
they do not use it, (describing the dog in
the manger).
um-Bandezwa, n. l. One who has been
asked for and withheld.
i-6andeza, n. 2. A person who keeps back,
withholds, refuses to grant, deprives; fig.
a miser, niggard.
i-Bandezi, n. 2. That which forms an
obstruction to the light or heat of the
sun or fire, and reflects it; any corner
very hot through the concentration of
the sun's rays ; oppressive heat ; resistance
like that of a toll-bar; an enclosure, with
a wide entrance narrowing to a pitfall
(isi-Hogo), into which game is dri/en in
hunting.
isi-Bandezo, n. 4. Withholding, keeping
back; refusal.
uku-Bandezela, v. To press one thing
against another ; to press from both sides
so as to pinch or squeeze: izihlangu
ziyabandezela, the shoes pinch, fit narrow-
ly; umnive iibandezehve clucangweni, the
finger is jammed between the door and the
frame; wabandezeleni amahashc ngotango,
hem in the horses against the fence; fig.
to oppress, distress, afflict, harass, hem in,
coop up, close in upon, besiege: indlalc
isibandezele, the dearth distresses, presses
hard upon us; to cause to suffer severely:
isifo sindibandezele, the illness makes mt
to suffer greatly; uyandibandezela ngoku-
buza kwake, he presses me with questions
to urge, enforce.
BA
um-Bandezeli, n. l. An oppressor.
im-Bandezelo, n. 3. Affliction, oppression.
isi-Bandezelo, n. 4. Any instrument of
pressure ; impression on the heart.
um-Bandezelo, n. 6. Any place in which
game or people are cooped up by hunters
or pursuers; affliction, oppression, dis-
tress, suffering.
uku-Bandezeleka, v. To be distressed,
oppressed, under severe suffering: ndiba-
ndezelekile, I am oppressed, distressed.
— Bandezisa, v. To restrain, repress.
'.-Bandla, n. 2. The people of one chief, as
distinguished from those of another. In
this sense it is generally used in the pi:
inkosi ijikile nauiabandla ayo, the chief has
arrived with his suite; a division, cohort
of an army; a body of men; assembly,
company, congregation, church.
•Bane, n. 2. A firebrand.
id-Bane,- n. 4. Anything that emits light, a
lighted stick, flambeau, lamp, candle; fig.
sun, moon.
-:m-Bane, n. 6. Lightning.
uku-Baneka, t». To light, lighten: baneka
isibaue, light a candle; izulu liyabaneka,
the sky lightens, n. 8. ukubaneka kwezulii,
the lightning of the sky.
— Banekela, v. To lighten for or about:
ndabanekekva ngen.va zouke Inkanyiselo olu-
kulu, there shone a great light round
about me.
— Banekisa, v. To lighten.
— Banekisana, v. To lighten mutually.
— Banekisela, v. To illuminate, enlighten,
instruct.
Banga, (a) Neg. verb pref. of I cl. pi. : ukuze
bangatet'i, that they may not speak; ilizwi
abattgalitetanga, the word which they did
not speak.
(b) V. pref. I cl. pi. of potent, mood:
bangahamba, they may walk.
(c) Pres. and aor. tense, I cl pi. and aor.
7 cl. of uku-N'ja, (a) and (b), and iikw-Anga,
which see.
(d) Aux. of condit. mood, see Bange (a).
jku-BANGA, V. t. (a) To cause, originate,
make, occasion, produce, bring on: lento
yabdnga imfazwe, this thing caused war;
yinto-nina ebdng' ukuba uhambe ngalendlelaf
what is it that makes you walk this way ?
(b) To demand, claim, in disputing the
proprietorship of anything: ndiyalibdnga
elihashe, I claim this horse. Phr. ubukulu
abubdngwa tigomlomo bahlulwa kukutshata
one does not become great by
BA
claiming greatness, i.e. birth and actions,
not talk and boasting, are what people judge
by; honour is merited.
um-BSngi, «. I. A claimer.
i-Bang:a, h. 2. Distance or space between
two lines; width or breadth of a row of
bead-work, or between the seams of a
dress, or a row of binding in a mat; lately
used for step by step; fig. reason: bek'
amabatiga, speak what is true, i.e. give
your reasons for speaking this and that ;
degree, extent.
im-Bangi, n. 3. Cause, means, claim ; i-eason
of dispute: imhangi yoko, a cause of that;
originator, author.
i-Bango, «. 2. I Disputed claim, contest
im-Bango, Ji. 3. 3
at elections, right.
isi-Bango, n. 4. Medicine to kill another
with,
u-Bango, n. 5. Cause, reason; the act of
claiming anything.
um-Banga, n. 6. Debate, dispute.
i-Bangafa, n. 2. One who originates a
quarrel.
ubu-Bangafa, ?i. 7. Disagreement.
uku-BUngela, v. (a) To cause for; to bring
upon: iso>w sandibAiigcV ttkufa, the sin
caused my death; londaivo indibdngeV
uvuyo, this matter giv^es me joy. (b) To
claim, etc., for another.
im-Bangeli, «. 3. Originator: imhafigeli
yesifo, the originator of sickness.
uku-BSngelana, v. To help each other to
claim.
uku-Bangezela, to cause, etc.^=uku-Banga.
um-Bangezeli, «. l. Originator.
isi-Bangezelo, n. 4. | ^.^^^ ^ ^^. -^
um-Bangezelo, «. 0. )
uku-Bangisa, v. To dispute, contend for.
im-Bangiso, n. 3. Dispute, contest.
uku-Bangisana, v. To debate, dispute with
each other in claiming a thing : bayabdngi-
satia ugclifa, they dispute with each other
in claiming the inheritance; amadoda
ayabdtigisana ngcntoinb'i, the men are
competing with one another for the girl.
im-Bang;swano, «. 3. Dispute in claiming.
^}^":?!A'^*^^'^' ] V. i. To pass away; to cease
ukuti-Banga, 3 ^ ■"
suddenly ; to get lost, dispersed ; to perish :
tite-baiiga timlilo, the fire is suddenly
extinguished; amafti ate-banga, the clouds
suddenly dispersed; kvatt-banga uvuyo
Iwam, my ioy suddenly
BA
ukut'i-Bangabanga, v. To wave: iatba litt-
baiigabanga, the tobacco is broad and
waving.
i-Bangabanga, « 2. Waving, as corn,
tobacco or pumpkin leaves; inqolowa
ilibangabanga, the wheat is broad and
waving; a large leaf.
u-Bangabanga, n. 5. One who acts, speaks
or runs persistently without yielding to
others ; a person far-famed for his prow-
ess: lendoda ilubangabanga, this man
outruns others.
uki!-Bangaza, v. To scatter, spread, dis-
perse ; to wander about in distress.
i-B&ngaza, n. 2. One who wanders about
in distress.
uk-j-Bingazeka, v. To be suddenly dis-
psrsed : impi yabangaseka, the enemy was
dispersed, i.e. is gone; lomzi uhaiigazekile,
this village is ruined; to be mourning.
— Bin;;>;azela, v. To run away in distress
upon being dispersed ; to flame up, as fire.
— Bingazelela, v. To run in distress away
to; ndabangazelela emlungwini, I had to
run away to the Europeans, i.e. to the
Colony.
— Bingazisa, v. To cause to scatter, etc.
— Bangisa, v. To cause to cease, to pass
away, to get lost, etc.
i-Bangala, 71. 2. Head ornament.
u-Bangalala, n. 5. Ignorance: ndabashiya
beselubangalaleni, I left them, not knowing
the place where they were.
um-Bangandlela, or Bangandlala, n. 6.
Heteromorpha arborescens, Cham. & Schle-
cht, a small tree with yellowish flower, used
for stomach disorders, scrofula, thread-
worms in horses, etc.
i-Bangafa, see under uku-Banga.
Bange, (a) Auxil. forming the conditional
mood, T cl. pi. : bange (banga) bekwela they
should or ought to ride, (b) Neg. verb, pref,
(contrac. fr. abange), of potent, mood of I
cl. pi. : abafazi bangepatun kakubi, the women
may not be treated badly.
um-Bangendleia, n. 6. The rush, which in
the history of the Embo tribe is said to
have been used as walking sticks by those
who were fugitives, and by which they
fought their enemies on their way, and
even drove away the wild beasts in self-
defence.
uku-Bangezela, see under uku-Banga.
ist-Bangubangu, n. 4. An intelligent person.
uku-Bangula, v. To probe with an instru-
ment ; to extract a thorn.
BA
— Bangulula, v. To search out, discover,
expose to view a hidden matter or thing;
to examine, interrogate closely, disen-
tangle a complicated case: wabavguluJa
lomcimbi, he examined this matter.
uku-Bangxa, v. t. To come between, as the
land between two rivers, v. i. To go or send
in all directions.
Bani! Salutation used by an inferior to a
superior, or to common people.
u-Bani, pi. obani, (a) Anyone; with negatives,
no one: bizani ubani nohani, call the people
(abantu) whosoever they be; akakaiali na-
ngubani, he does not care for any one, i.e. he
cares for no man; ahtko bani uya kusinda,
there is none who shall escape, i.e. no man
shall escape ; akmiabatii, he has no one whom
he regards or fears, i.e. he is godless, (b)
In interrogation ; who .' ngiihaui-na ? who is
it? kwakiiko bant-na iidiiigckabikd mna, who
was there before me? tigcsitanda bani-naf
whom ought we to love ? tigobani-ua abohantu
betnkayof who are those persons who are
leaving.
u-Ban|iso, and um-Banjwa. see iiku-Bamba.
isi-Banqa, «. 4. Multitude.
i-BANTi, «. 3. Belt, band, (from the Du. band}.
uku-Bantsa, i'. /. Em. to toy, play with; to
lay the hand playfully on another.
uku-B'ANXA, V. i. To speak or do foolishly.
i-Banxa, it. 2. A thief who prowls about
at night. (Tembu).
isi-Banxa, n. 4. A fool; one who does not
know what he is doing, who has no under-
standing, (an abusive word).
ubu-Banxa, ;/. 7. Foolishness.
uku-Banyalaza, v. i. To writhe with pain
or from anger, as a child resenting to do its
mother's will ; to stretch out to die.
Banzi, adj. Broad, wide: Lsango libanzi, the
gate is wide; of the eyes, wide open in
expectation : amehlo ake abaiizi, his eyes are
wide open, expecting something; adv. lento
yaziwa banzi, this thing is known far and
wide.
Banzikulu, adj. Of the mind, demented.
ubu-Banzi, ;;. 7. Breadth, width.
uku-BAPTIZA, and uku-BAPTIZESHA, v. t. To
baptize (from the Greek). ^
u-Baptizo, ;/, 5. Baptism.
uku-Baqa, v. t. To come, spring upon one
suddenly, unexpectedly ; to surprise ; to take
unawares: lento ittdibaqile, this matter has
tak' .1 me by surprise; ingonyania ibabaqile,
the lion has sprung suddenly upon them.
D 25
BA
i-Baqo, ;;. 2. Surprise; adv. ngebaqo, by
surprise, suddenly.
i-BaqoIo, ;;. 2. Maize boiled on the cob.
im-Baqolo, n. 3. Any very bitter thing.
uku-Bafa, v. i. To be parched with drought,
dry : ilizwe libarile, the land is parched ; to
be in poor circumstances, in want of food,
poverty stricken.
uku-Barisa, v. To make desolate, lay waste :
basibarisile isiziba sam somhlaba, they have
laid waste my portion of land.
im-Bara, n. 3. Beer-selling.
uku-BafuIa, ") . „ -r . ,
— Barumla \ '"' '' vociferate, shout, pro-
claim in anger; to address in a contumelious
manner ; to roar as a lion, vociferate as a
baboon, n. 8. Roaring: ukubarula kivazo
kiuijengokivcngonyatna, their roaring is like
that of a lion.
— Barulela, v. To roar at or against.
jm-Basa. ;/. 3. White spot or mark at the
forehead of an animal; a head ornament,
sign, cockade, diadem, a soldier's cap-plate ;
%. the head of a party; the chief personage
residing on a stream; fig. a certificate.
uku-BASA, V. t. To make or kindle a fire.
um-Basi, n. I. A firelighter.
i-Baso, n. 2. A distant fire, the light of a
fire.
um-Basa, n, 6. Em, Month of March, when
fires are made for roasting mealies.
um-Baso, n. 6. A fiaming fire.
uku-Basela, v. To kindle fire for or in a
particular place.
i-BASO, n. 2. A present, asked from a shop-
keeper by a purchaser who is paying cash ;
the giving of it indicates that the shopkeeper
is behaving like a lord (Du. baas) ; a gift of
any kind; dimin. ibaswana, a little present;
ibasokazi, a large present.
uku-BASELA, V. To give a present which is
asked ; ndibasele, give me a present.
im-BASELI,*?/. 3. A distributor of presents;
fem. imbasc'likazi.
uku-BASELELA, V. To bestow a gift in the
name of another.
Baso, Pass. pron. Its. 4 cl. sing. ref. (a) to 1
cl. pL: isizwe nabenii baso, the tribe and its
inhabitants; (b) to 7 cl.: isifo sinobiMungu
baso, sickness has its'pain ; see So. I.
i-BASTlLE, n. 2. (I) A bastard, applied both
to men and cattle; from Du. baster. (2)
A marble, used in a boy's game; fr. Du.
albaster.
i-Bata, ;/. 2. A long, overgrown, extended
hoof.
BA
uku-Batabata, an 1 Bataza, v. To walk
unsteadily, as one just reco .ered from
illness, or as catlle with sore feet ; to wad-
dle like a di;ck; cf. uku-Badaza.
isl-Bata. r. 4. An opening in the game
enclosure where a .snare is set; the fowler's
snare, consisting of nooses made of lonj
hairs from a co.v's tail, and ipre \d over the
entrance of a bird's nest, or fixe 1 on a spot
fre luentcd by Jo.es. and cor.cealed by the
ref ise of corn; a p'ace with cob-webs.
ukiit'i-BataJzi, v. To rc',tte.% flee i 1 all direc-
tions.
ukii-BATALA, V. t. To piy, (i:o.:\ D.itch be-
talen).
i-BATALO, 11. 3. Payment.
uk.i-BATALELA, t'. To pay to so neone.
i-BArATA, ,v. 2. A s\ve?t potato. (Di!.).
i-Bitshabatsha, ?;. 2. A worth'ess trifling
persoi; a babbler, prater.
ukat'.-B.\TU, V. t. To take a small part of
the whole.
i-Batu, w. 2. As mi;ch (tobacco^ as one can
take in his two han Is joine 1 together; a
small bun lie or faggot of f'.iel ; a detach-
ment, as of soldiers.
uka-Batula. v.] To take a handfal.
— Batulela, r. To take a handful for
another person.
im-Batu, ti. 3. Scorched foo 1 adhering to the
bottom of the pot in which it has been
prepared: timtsliakazi el>csitya inhatu, the
bride must ha/e eaten 7nhatu, (which ex- 1
plains why rain shoald have fallen on her ;
marriage day); unclean matter attached to
the intestines.
uku-B'ATYA, v. t. ia~i To mix up; to eat
different things at one time. (b):To talk 1
incoherently, waiidering away from the ;
subject under di:c;;ssion, or paying no heed
to the question tliat is being asked; to strike
up one's own tune at a marriage instead
of joining in with the tune that is being
sung.
u-Batya, .v. 5. Mixtarc ; eating and drinking .
pell-mell (beer and brandy); excitement, 1
Idsciviousness. I
uku-Bityela. v. To prepare a mixed dish
for one; to butter bread for one.
uku-Batyaza, v. t. To speak or act feebly, :
timid.ly, diflidently, in distrust. 1
u-Batyetye, •». 5. Any tliing ve.'-y beautiful.
i-BATYl 71. 3. A jacket, from the Du.
u-Batyubatywana. n. I. from uku-B'iba. Lit. j
the little flutterer. A species of bird.
BA
uku-Batywa, pass, of ukii-Baba, to itch. To
be under the influence of sexual excitement
or amorous desire.
isi-Bau, ft. 4. A gadfly, biting severely, in-
festing cattle .and horses.
u-Baubau, n. 5. Sharpness or keenness of
appetite, desire or anger: ultibaubau, he is
very angry or greedy.
im-Baula, ;/. 3. A tin-can or other vessel,
with perforated sides, used for making fire
in.
u-Bausliana, n. I. A haughtily dressed, proud
girl," conspicuous by her gait, her talk, and
her dress; a prostitute.
uku-B'AVUMA, v. i. To grumble; to speak
gruffly ; to growl as a lion.
i-Bavumo, n. 2. Growl, hideous noise.
u-Bavumo, ;/. 5. Indignation.
ukii-Bavumela. v. pass, havwiyehva. To
growl at; to be angry against.
uku-BAWA, V. i. To be greedy, ravenous.
i-Bawa, ;/. 2. A miser, niggard.
uku-Bawela, v. To long, desire for: baha-
ivela iikudla, they were ravenous for food.
— Bawisa, v. To make another greedy by
eating in front of him, or to make an
animal greedy by feeding another animal
in its sight.
Bawo, Poss. pron. I. Its. 6 cl. sing. ref. (a) to
I cl. pi.: nmhlabn fiabemi bawo. the earth
and its inhabitants; (b) to 7 cl. : uhutyeln
biuvo, its riches.
2. Their. 2 cl. pi. ref. (a) to I cl. pi.:
amado.Ia nahafazi bawo, the men and their
wives; (b) to 7 cl.: ubukulii bawo, their great-
ness. See Wo, I.
u-Bawo, «. I. My father; my father's brother;
also term of respect to an older man, or to
one who exercises paternal care over another
as benefactor, supporter, etc.; pi. obawo, an-
cestors; bawo! voc. used as interjection of
astonishment, wonderful ! strange ! also as an
oath by daughters; voc. pi. bobawo!
u-Bawokazi u. I. My paternal uncle.
u-Bawokulu, n. I. My forefather, grand-
father.
I. My father-in-law (said
u-Bawozala,
b}^ women).
isi-Bawu, «. 4 =
uku-B'AXA, V.
si-Ban.
(I) To be full: isikivebu
fsibaxileyo, a heavy maize cob hanging down.
(2) To fork.
i-Baxa, n. 2. Crotch or fork in the branch
of a tree ; a jut in a post on which things
can be hung.
BA
im-Baxa, n. 3. A branch of any thing,
a tributary of a river; a forked stick, a
fork; fig. halting between two opinions :
ndimbaxa, I have two ideas before me, but
do not know what to do; lunntu oinbaxa,
a double-minded person.
isi-Baxa, n. 4. Fork of two brandies; fig. a
tributary of a river; gulf, bay.
um-Baxa, n. 6. A double-barrelled gun;
trousers. Onombaxa, people that wear
trousers (Tembu).
ukut'i-Baxa, v. i. To sit down anywhere, even
though the person sees that the place is
filthy : njeiigehaiigu ete-baxa eludakeni, like a
pig wallowing in the mire.
Baya, (fr. xihi-Ya) Auxil. I cl.pl. for forming
the pres. absol. and ord. fut. : bayataiida, they
love; baya kutanda, they shall love.
isi-Baya, n. 4. Fold for sheep or calves, or
for Kafircorn before it is thrashed out;*
(the calves' fold of a chief is held sacred as
a place of refuge- for culprits); isibaya
seciiba, a tobacco plot. Phr. ayibaleki zibuyeni
zibini, a sheep does not run into two folds,
a man is not great under two chiefs.
Baye, Auxil. in forming the compound tenses,
I cl. pi.: baye bckwela, contrac. babckwela,'
they were riding, or used to ride ; baye i
bengasenga)iga, contrac. babeiigasenganga, \
they had not milked, or had not used to ;
milk ; ba(ye) beiigayi kuliina, they would not
have ploughed; or they will not plough;
7 cl.: iibiimiiyama ba(ye) biisimka, darkness
was departing.
i-BAYl, n. 2. (a) A cotton blanket, (b) The
upper part of a woman's dress made of
such a blanket; from (Algoa) Bay, where
such blankets were first imported. ,
uku-Bayizela, v. i. To dance in a certain way j
practised by young people. The word and | .
the dance have been introduced from the j
mines: amakwenkive avel ejoyineni, ngokwe-'
nene sele bayizela, aimikwenkwe azidla ngabii- ;
nina? The boys are back from work, now in '
truth they can dance ; why are the boys so
proud ?
Bayo, Pass. pron. I. His, her, its. 3 cl. sing. ref.
(a) to I cl. pi. : inkosi iyabuswa ngabantu bayo,
the chief is served by his people ; (b) to 7 cl. :
tibukulu bayo (inkosi), his^(the chief's) great-
ness. 2. Their. 6 cl. pi. ref. (a) to I cl. pi.:
abantu bayo (imizi) babaninzi, the people of
them (places) are many; (b) to 7 cl.: ubude
bayo (imiti), their (the trees') height. See
Yo, I.
BE
Baza, I cl. pi. past tense of ukii-Za, used
idiomatically to introduce a further state-
ment. Then: baza batsho, then they said;
7. cl.: baza bahainbiseka ubukumkani buka-
Tixo, then the kingdom of God went for-
ward. See ukii-Za 2 (b).
im-Baza, v. 3. The edible sea-mussel.
uku-Baza, v. t. (from uku-Baba) To sharpen
to a point : haza izint'i, sharpen or point the
end of the laths; fig. baz' indlehe, sharpen
the ears, i.e. be attentive.
um-Bazi, n. I. One who works wood with
an axe or adze.
im-Bazi, w. 3. One who makes clubs and
wooden spades.
ubu-Bazi, ?i. 7. (a) A nettle, or any thing
sharp: lemela bubazi, this knife is sharp,
(b) Red ants.
uku-Bazeka, v. To be pointed or sharpen-
ed : indlehe yako make ibazeke, \et thine ear
now be attentive.
— Bazela, v. To sharpen for, be attentive
to : zibazele indlebe zako nkuiandaza okukule-
ndazvo, let thine ears be attentive to the
prayer that is made in this place.
i-Bazelo, «. 2. A chip.
isi-Bazelo, w. 4. A block or anvil on which
one sharpens points.
Bazo, Poss. pron. Their, (a) 3, 4, and 5 cl. pi.
ref. to I cl. pi.: izitnvu ziyalusn'a ngabalusi
bazo, the sheep are herded by their shepherds ;
izitya ziyahlanjululwa ngabapati bazo, the
vessels are cleansed by their users; intsapo
ziyatandwa ngabazali bazo, the children are
loved by their parents, (b) 3, 4, and 5 cl. p\
ref. to 7 cl.: utyivala b zo (inkosi), their
(the chiefs') beer ; ubude bazo (izibonda), their
(the poles') length, ubulumko bazo (intsana),
their (the children's) prudence. See Zo, I.
i-Bazolwana, n, 3. Cattle with pointed
horns, stretched up in front, ready to charge ;
fig. a contentious, wrathful person, (an
abusive term).
Be, (a) Perf. of uku-Ba, which see. (b) Pro?:,
subj. of participle I cl. pi.: betanda, they
loving.
Be! Inter j- Em.- awii! yo!
ukut'i-Be, V. i. To be gone: yitt-be! be gone!
\ite'be lomzi, this place is gone, i.e. either
because the people are all away at work
such as hoeing, or because the place has
been confiscated.
uku-Beba, v. i. To make a noise like a he-
goat.
27
BE
Bebe, Contrac. from babe be; see Babe.
isi-8ebe, n. 4. A thin, broad, flat thing like a |
slate; a flat shell-Iish. I
isi-Bebelele, n. 4. A broad, flat substance, j
as a leaf, an official envelope; fig. a too 1
wordy speech without depth of meaning; \
dimin. hibebelclana. I
uku-Bebeta, v. t, pass, bejetwa. To chase, !
drive away or out; to scare, frighten away;t
rudely repulse by refusing to listen to a [
person, or entertain him, or allow him to
remain in the house ; to expel, banish.
u-Bebet6, n. 5, Expulsion.
uku-Bebeteka, v. To be banished.
//. 8. Banishment.
u-Bibetyu, //. 5. One that refuses, rejects
everything.
im-Bebevu, n. 3. A long, ugly, beardless face.
uku Bebeza, v. t. To flare, flicker: isibane
siyabebesa, the candle flickers; iimlilo uya-
bebeza, the fire flares; fig. to relate, or make
up fictitious tales; to mumble: uyabebeza
tigokuteta kzvako, you speak in a mumbling
manner; to speak gruffly.
— Bebezela, v. To flare up as a torch in
the wind; to quiver with the lips: ktibebe-
zela wiilebe yake yodwa, only her lips
moved. j
uku- Bebeza, 11. /. To babble. ;
u-Bebezulu, w. 5. Vehemence, tempest:
into elubebhiilu, a great bluster or blusterer.
Bebu, Contrac. fr. biibe bii, see Bube.
uku-Beculula, v. t. To tear the eye-lids
open with the fingers; to open up a heap;
fig. to explain, make clear a complicated or
confused statement; to examine judicially.
um-Becululo, n. 6. A judicial examination.
uku-Beda, i>. t. To hunt buffaloes. Phr.
tikubed' idlaba, to neglect ; to be ungrateful ;
to reward evil for good ; see i-Dlaba.
ukutVBedelele. | . To turn and go in the
uku-Bedeleza, ^ ^
opposite direction; to be a turncoat: bedelele
kwati-nina? what excuse! what shift do you
make (in speakingi.'
i-Bedengu, //. 2. A rogue, villain, rascal,
impostor, hypocrite; pretending to do good,
when he is doing mischief; one who denies
what he promised or said.
uku-Bedengu, «. 7. Villainy, roguery, rascal-
ity; hypocrisy, disowning of what was
promised or said.
uku-BedengeJa, v. To act villainously to;
to deceive.
BE
uku-BEDESHA, V. i. To pray, (Du. bidden).
u-Bedesho, «. 5. I
um-BEDESHO, //. 6. J
im-Bedlenge, //. 3. )
u-Bedlenge, «. 5, 3
Praying.
isi-Bedlele, «. 4. Em. A hospital.
A poor, impoverished,
despised person having no home ; a home-
less wanderer; used contemptuously: uyi-
mbedloige kabani-iia? whose poor creature
are you?
u-Bedu, «. 5. (a) Copper, (b) A rich grass, (c)
An uncommonly beautiful male.
uku-Beduia, i'. /. To turn up the eyes, shew-
ing the white; to provoke.
im Bedulo, n. 3. Provocation.
uku-Bedulela, v. To turn up the eyes at
one, indicating anger on the part of the
person so acting.
um-Befu, «. 6. Asthmatic, hard breathing.
isi-Befubefu, ?i. 4. An asthmatic person;
one who wheezes in breathing.
uku-Befunyeka, ;;. To gasp for breath ;
to make short and frequent respirations;
to sob, sigh, weep with a suppressed
lamentation.
— Befunyekl5a, v. To cause to make short
respirations.
— Befuza, v. To be out of breath with
running, with weeping, or with passion,
«. 8. Hard breathing.
— Befuzela, v. To gasp for breath; to pant
after.
u-Bejazana, n. i. Maize with small cobs and
seeds.
uku-BEKA,f.^ (a) To set, lay, place, deposit,
put down in a certain place : bek' amazimba
apa, put the Kafir-corn here ; iihiheka nxa-
mnye, to lay aside ; akakabekwa zandla, he is
not yet ordained ; fig. bek' indlebe , give ear,
be attentive ; iikubeka isililo, to raise the
cry of mourning ; vdiyayibeka kum lendaivo, I
shall mind this matter ; zvazibeka eJuhambeiii,
he applied himself to his journey ; ukubeka
ityala, to accuse, charge with a crime ;
■iva'yeka /igedhiga. he promised; ukubeka'bala,
to blame ; iiku'wka iimkouto, to put down or
give a spear, e.g. when one promises to pay
the ukulo'jola later on ; also ~ukuhlolela or
ukiihlo:iui iisiba ; baya kubeka aniacala panlsi,
they will go to sleep. Idiom: wobeka phta f
how much more?
(b) To lead, guide: i-Nkosi indibeka
endleleni, the Lord leads me into the way ;
to give one the correct and true account of
BE
a thing ; inkomo zaheka azayeka iigendlela, the
cattle went in file straight home.
(c) To honour, esteem ; beka nyihlo no-
uyoko, honour thy father and thy mother ;
iizibekile, he honours himself; he is quiet,
virtuous, decent, respectable, avoids foolish
conduct.
(d) Euphem. to pay for a female, whether
married or unmarried, with whom one has
illicit intercourse.
im-Beka, n. 3. The small square of light
skin which covers a woman's breast when
at work or at home.
im-Beko, n. 3. Honour; respect.
isi-Beko, n. 4. Something put down instead
of something else; a substitute; e.g. a
china egg placed in a hen's nest as a
nest-egg.
um-Beko, 11. 6. That which is put away for
another time, esp. for the next morning;
food left at supper and warmed up in
the morning; fig. that which has not
been finished in consultation; a bank-
deposit.
um-Beko, n. 6. The ox which the bride-
groom brings as a part of th,e dowry to
the father of the bride at the wedding.
uku-Bekeka, v. (a) To be fixed, established.
(b) To be honoured: indoda ebekekileyo, an
honourable, respectable, worthy man.
«. 8. Respected state.
u-Bekeko, n. 5. Honoured state or con-
dition ;in/'/«r. honours: imbekeko zake ziya-
ncbla, his honour is becoming sullied, said
of a person, especially a chief or man
of rank, who makes people disrespect him
by degrading or debasing actions.
uku-Bekekisa, v. To make honourable.
— Bekela, v. To put by or for; to lay up
for: imali ebekelweyo, money hoarded up
or put by; fig, isitsaba soboini ndisibekelue
ezulwhii, the crown of life is laid up for
me in heaven ; kuhekeV indle'oe ukutetii kwam,
listen to my speaking; to gire a contribu-
tion on behalf of another: >idibekela u-
Yohane iponti, I put down a pound on
behalf of John.
im-Bekelo, n. 3. That which has been
hoarded up; riches.
uku-Bekelana, v. To ruuNparallel (roads) ;
to bet, wager.
isi-Bekelo, n. 4. One posted to watch, asentry.
uku-Bekeleia, v. To pile up; to give an
BE
one upon another against a high tree,
so as to form a ladder; to place stones so
as to form a pavement; to go in a long
line ; fig. to apply.
um-Bekelelo, n. 6. A thing connected with
that which was before; a layer, stratum,
stack of wood, step of a staircase, rov/ in
baskets; ladder.
uku-Bekeleleka, v. To be piled up.
«. 8. Application.
— Bekisisa, v. To put, set, place in good
order or position.
uku-B'EKA, D. r. To turn to; to fix, fasten
the eyes on; to give attention or heed to:
l/ek' apa, look here; bek2 kum, look to me-
wamheka, he looked round at him ; to go in
the direction of: ndibeka e-Dikeni, I am
proceeding to Alice. Phr. itkubeka ngesUm-
luhulu, to look with owlish glassy eyes like
a drunken man.
— Bekabeka, v. To turn the face to all
sides; to look about (in fear or suspicion).
ama-Bekebeke, n. 2. pi. Any thing flapping,
like leaves, or a hat with a broad brim,
or the ears of mules.
uku-Bekisa, v. To turn to : bekisa iihuso boko
kum, turn your face to me ; zihekise entabeni
inkomo, direct the cattle towards the
mountain.
— Bekisana, v. To cause one another to
turn to, look at, face each other on
purpose.
— Bekisela, v. To refer: ilizivi elibekisehve
kum, the word which refei's to me.
— Bekiselela, v. To aim; to tend to. Adv.
tigckuliekiselele, relating to.
— Bekis'sa, v. To look very closely; to
scrutinize.
isi-Bekede, n. 4. One who runs with all his
might.
i-BEKILE, n. 3. A tin-can of any size ; a sheet
of corrugated iron, (ft-om Du. beker).
Beku, contrac. fr. kube ku, see Kube.
uku-Bela, from uku-Ba IV. To eat the first
ripe fruit.
ama-Bele, n. 2. pi. Em. Kafir-corn.
i-Bele, n. 2. (a) The female breast: abasema-
bcleni, sucklings, (b) The udder in the
female, and the corresponding part in the
male ; when an animal is killed, this portion
is claimed as the perquisite of the men;
dimin. i-Belaiia.
extra coating to a thing; to add, place or ! izi-Bele, n. 4. pi. Acts of natural affection,
pour ojie thing on another; to stack poles ; mercies.
BE
um-Bele, //. 6. The nipple of the breast ; the
teat of the udder. Phr. wakanyela ivahila
iigoiiihcle, he denied point blank (lit. he
denied, touching the ground with the teat;
descriptive of a horse running at full speed).
ubu-Bele, n. 7. Natural, properly maternal
affection, kindness of disposition, sympathy,
benevolence, goodwill: inkuku inofnibelc, the
hen shows affection to its young. Phr.
u!)uhcle hiifiiii' ol'iinyc, kindness begets kind-
ness.
um-Belebsle, ;/. 6. An asclepiad (Sarcostem-
ma viminale E.M.) which climbs among the
branches of the trees. The sharp edged
pods have an astringent taste and are eaten
when green. The sharp, milky sap is used
as medicine for scarcity of milk in women
and cows, the latter feeding on it in winter.
A decoction of this plant is given to a cow
which has lost her calf to induce her to
suckle another. The shrub when burnt
gives a great smoke.
uku-Beleka, v. i. To place and carry a child
on the back, as the maize stalk carries its
cob: Hinliona iihelckilc, the maize bears fruit;
Em. to bear a child: iinifazi wain tihelekilc,
my wife has borne a child. Phr. uzil>elek'
cmhlana inyaivo, he carries his feet on the
back, i.e. he takes to his heels as fast as he
im-Belekane, n. 3. A burden, such as debt
or wrongdoing, that clings to one until it
is put right ; a heap of closely packed i
people ; an army with one or more divi- '
sions behind. i
im-Beleko, 11. 3. The skin or blanket in !
which a baby is carried on a woman's
back ; that which is asked from a man by
relations of his wife when she has been
confined at their place.
isi-Beleko, //. 4. The womb.
uku-Belekisa, v. To place a child on the
back of another person.
i-BELELE, It. 3. Ebony.
um-Belese, //. 6. The lath or band made of
baboon rope or rushes for tying and keeping
down the thatch on the round huts.
uku-Beleza, v. i. To prate, gabble ; to speak
incessantly, incoherently ; cf. uku-BM'CZit.
Beli, contrac. fr. lihc It, see Lil>c.
Belu, contrac. fr. hil>c hi, see Lulic.
u-Be!u, ;/. 5. Yellowness: into clii'>clii, a yellow
thing; iif'eln loinsclc or livasciusdciii, Kafir-
beer; a beautiful, pretty person: n.linol>elii
30
BE
hvain, I have my pretty one, a term of
endearment. Dimin. iiliehvana,di little yellow
fellow like a Hottentot; a poor, wretched,
mean, d:?-:pised person.
i-Belukazi, n. 2. A yellow cow.
ama-Belubentsu, n. 2. pi. Various efforts
made in perplexity ; restlessness, confusion,
espec. before a war breaks out ; unsteadiness,
instability; being here to-day, there to-
morrow; doing a thing in one way to-day,
in another to-morrow.
i-Bemba, n. 2. Fibre of uhi-Zi, used in making
the kilts of circumcised boys; a string of
the Hin-S'.tndulo.
im-Bemba, //. 3. Chaff, bran, husks of corn.
u-Bemba, n. 5. Ear of Kafir-corn thrashed
out.
ukut'i-Bembe, 1;. /. To subside, abate, rest,
said of sickness, war, persecution, dearth ;
to burn with less brightness.
izi-Bembe,i w. 4. pi Any portion Of food
given to a lying-in woman.
um-BeiTiberana, n. i. A little, lean, sleepy
person, to be laughed at.
ukii-Bembesa, v. t. To be ungrateful.
im-Bembeto, n. 3. A cake.
im-Bembashane, ;/. 3- \ Swiftness, speed;
um-Bembetshane, H. 6.3
a swift person, one excelling in speed.
uku-B'ENA, V. i. To bend the back inwards;
to be hollow-backed: inkahi ihe:iih', the
bullock is hollow-backed; ngohnvila iyrJihia
imiqadi, through, sloth the rafters sink ; to
refuse to accept a story as told by another,
to contradict, dispute, quibble o/er;— »^«-
Ptka.
isi-Bene, //. 4. A curve which has its points
turned upwards ; any thing hollow backed ;
a hollow on a ridge of a mountain or hill:
loinntu iisisil>ene, this person is hollow
backed.
isi-Benana, //. 4. Bullock or small animal
with hollow back; fem. isil>enekazi.
isi-Beno, n. 4. An appeal.
uku-Benela, v. To appeal : ndihcncle cnkosini,
I have appealed to the chief.
— Benisa, v. To curve, bend down in the
centre.
uku-B'ENCA, V. t. To lay open, expose,
disclose anything, whether (a) material, as
in disclosing something hidden under
garments or grass; or (b) mental, as in
revealing secrets, confessing evil deeds;
hcitai! open your clothes; confess, is said
to thieves and women; ■zvazil'c.int, he reveal-
ed himself.
BE
im-Bencebence, //. 3. One who speaks and
does all things openly without regard to
prudence or propriety.
u-Benco, n. 5. Exposure, disclosure, con-
fession.
uku-Benceka, ;'. To be exposed, disclosed,
confessed: into ehencckilcyo, a revealed
matter, n. 8. Disclosure, exposure, con
fession, discovery.
— Bencisa, v. To expose, expose to danger ;
to cause or assist to reveal, etc.
i-Bende, //. 2. Blood which has flowed out
in large quantity and become cold and
coagulated in the inner part after slaughter-
ing.
ubu-Bende, n. 7. Blood in a liquid state at
slaughtering.
u-Bende, n. 5. (a) Milt, spleen, (b). Disease
of the milt or anthrax; in this sense - /-
Dili = ifiyama yainakwenkwc. This disease
often proves fatal to cattle. Persons who
skin a carcase infected with this disease or
who eat any portion of the meat, may also
die of it.
um-Bendeni, «. 6. Redwater, a disease of
cattle.
Bendt, contrac. fr. ndihe ndi, see Ndil>e.
u-Bendiela, n. i. Flint.
i-Benebene, «. 2. A frivolous, thoughtless
person.
uku-BENQA, v. t. (l) To cut meat into large
coUops for broiling on coals. (2) To fold
down the edge of a garment.
— Bengabenga, v. To cit a piece of meat
lengthwise and frequently when forming
a long coUop.
u-Bengo, n. 5. A strip or cutting of some-
thing. In olden times it was a glittering
piece of copper (gold.') worn by nobles
on the breast or forehead like an m-Basa,
as a decoration or mark (order) of
distinction, hence used for breast-plate;
dimin. iin-Be/tgwitia.
um-Bengo, n. 6. Long collop of meat, chop,
carbonado ; dimin. itm-Bcngwana.
im-Benga, n. 3. A vessel made of rushes for
milking.
Benge, Neg. v. pref. of participle i cl. pi-
when used with the auxil. ka : heiigekahlangard
nave, before they came together with him.
ukut'i-BENGE, and Bengebeiige, v. i. To
flash, ^ive a sudden and transient light, as
the reflection of a mirror thrown in a
particular direction.
i-Bengebcnge, «. 2. Anything shining
glittering or sparkling.
BE
uku-Bengezela, v. To glitter, shine with
dazzling brightness, as metal, water, or a
mirror reflecting light, n. 8. Glittering.
u-Bengezelo, «. ■>. ) c 1 j
ubu-Bengezelo,«.7.i ^Plendour.
uku-Bengezelela, v. To enlighten over or
about.
uku-Bengezelisa, v. To make to shine.
um-Bengele, w. 6. Pigeonwood, Trema brac-
teolata, Blume •,=um-Vaiigazi.
uku-Bengeqa, v. i. Not to care for anybody
or anything; to become independent, in a
bad sense ; to be arrogant and haughty.
i-Bengeqa, w. 2. Arrogance, temerity on
account of riches; vanity, petty pride.
ubu-Bengeqa, w. 7. Vanity.
uku-Bengeza, v. t. To squander by exposing
what one has; to spread abroad what was
said to another confidentially ; to inform of
a secret, reveal ; to give warning to enable
a person to flee from danger.
— Bengezeka, v. To be squandered.
u-Bengu, //. 5. (a) The white rind of the
stalk of Kafircorn or sweet cane, (b) A
piece of sharpened cane used by mid-wives
for dividing the umbilical cord. Adj. Sharp,
hard.
um-Bcngu, n. 6. Cleverness, sharpness: zveiis'
umhengu, he is smart in tracing spoors.
i-Bengubengu, n. 2. A flapping article ; a
restless person, who never remains long in
one place, or who has no weight.
i-Bengubengwana. «. 2. A narrow gar-
ment not covering properly; fig. one who
cannot keep anything but must blab it
out ; one who is not right in his mind.
uku-Benguza, v. To flap; to let fall the
raised hand in speaking: ivahenguza nge-
sandla, he waved with his hand.
u-Bengxeshe, 71. i. A woman who has
children, but no lawful husband; an old
bachelor.
Beni, contrac. fr. nihe ni, see Nil>e.
ukuf^B'ENQE,}, ^,_ ^_ ^^ ^Q^i^ig ^ f^i^
uku-Beiiqa, 3
over the hem or edgepart of a garment; to
turn a garment inside out; to turn up the
ground in ploughing; tiyaivubenqa umhlaba,
he lays the ground open ; to open up, unfold
like a flower; intyantyamho ezite-henqe, open
flowers; to speak strongly when angry
without regard to the consequences or
another's feelings; iitete wahenqa washiya
atigalaziyo, he spoke so strongly that he did
not know or care what he said.
u-Benqo, n. 5. A folded down collar.
31
BE
um-Benqo, n. 6. That part of a garment
which is fohled over, as the collar of a
kaross or coat.
uku-Benqeka, v. To be opened up: mnsi-
I'onc ukiilia intyantyamliu ziheiiqckile-ua, let
us see if the flowers are open.
uku-Bentsa, v. i. To sit or lie with the private
parts exposed, from negligence or drunken-
ness; fig. to expose what should be hidden.
Em. to play, sport or jest with one; to put
the hand on jokingly.
— Bentseka, v. To have the private parts
exposed, (especially having the penis un-
covered).
uku-Bentsuza, v. i. To agitate the body in
such a way as to cause anything on the
posteriors to move up and down; said of
a circumcised youth causing his kilt to fly
up behind, or of a Cape sheep running with
its fat tail tossing up and dovrn; fig. to be
restless; to run about; to be troubled.
Benu, Poss pron. Your. 2 p. pi. ref. (a) to I cl.
pi. : ahaseheuzibenii, your workmen ; emphatic
and distinctive: ahenii al>ascl>enzi, your work-
men; (b) to 7 cl.: uhukulii benu, your great-
ness: see Enii.
■a.mA-^enubentsu,-=^ aina-Belubentsu.
i-Benxa, n. 2. The ant-bear, Dutch aardvark,
Orycteropus afer (PallaS).
ukut'i-Benya, v. i. Only used in the phrase,
ndiya kiiiiibeta kiidc kui'i bcnyd or ade alt bcnyd,
I'll give him a proper swishing. (This pro-
verb occurs in an alternative form, ndiya
kiimbcla Hgoluka-Benya, I shall beat him
with Benya's stick.)
um-Benya, n. 6. A kind of tree, ( ? an old name
for the Cape willow, Salix capensis Thunb.;
•= um-Nculuba.)
ama-Benya, «. 2 pi. Excuses, evasions, sub-
terfuges, delusions; beating about the bush;
jumping from one matter to another : Imtu-
?!ga annhenyd, or amapoiido, they helped
themselves to escape in 'war by going
through the forest corners.
isi-Benyana, v. 4. Em. an animal with hollow
back; cf. isi-Benaua.
BE
A small green bird, (b)
;rass bracelet made and
A small bush with tough
u-Benyws
twigs.
uku-Beqa, v. i. To speak haughtily.
uku-Beqa, 1'. t. To paddle, row. Amapini okit-
lieqa, oars.
um-Beqi, n. I. A rovi^er.
uku-Bequla, v. i. To spring, bound, like some
game.
uku-Befeza, ■;•. /. (a) To puke, spew after
sucking or eating, (b) To offer food as a
niggard to those already satisfied.
um-Bese, n. 0. (a)
A hoop, (c) A i
worn by children.-
uku-Besha, v. (a) To go naked ; (uncommon) ;
see tiku-Btis/ia. (b) To start before others-
(ci To outrun others.
Best, contrac. fr. sihe si, see Sihe.
uku-BET'A, V. t. (a) To strike, hit, beat, as
with a stick, hammer etc.: beta isikoiikwanc^
strike the nail; to play on an instrument:
iikubet' im-Bande, i-Kwelo, i-Nqomfiyo, u-Hudi,
&c., means to play on these different musical
instruments; uktibcla unilozi or ikwelo, to
' whistle', i.e. to pretend innocence or care-
lessness; to punish: hon' abo baya k.ibelwa,
those shall be punished; Phr. ndiya kiunbeta
ngoluka-Benya, lit. I shall beat him with
Benya's stick, i.e. I shall put him right.
Pass, to be struck ; fig. to be influenced or
overcome : ndibetwa bittongo, I am o verpo wer-
ed by sleep; ndibetwa liisizi, I feel compas-
sion, or sorrow; ndibeiiva lutando, I am"
influenced by love; ndibetwa livuso, I am
smitten with fear of danger or retribution.
(b) To touch, rtSich :inja yalibeta iliza,
the dog reached or caught the antelope;
anuvizi abete apa, the water reached here
(showing with the hand, how far it reached).
(c) Wabeta ngale:idlda, he took this road ;
wayibeta indlela ngcnyawo, lie walked the
road on foot; wabet' ccaleni, he missed,
departed from the proper course, or from
the subject he spoke of; ndabcta pantsi, I
missed the point.
(d) It is used as an auxiliary, in the sense
of to cause, make, become: ezonto zibete
ndatemha, those things made me hope ; nibete
ndoyika, you made me afraid; wabeta nde-
nqumama, he caused me to stand still ; lento
indibcta ndiugabi nakudinwa, this thing makes
me feel not tired.
Phr. ukubeta kome, lit. to beat dry, i.e. to
i conquer, convince wholly; to hit point
i blank; to proceed straightforward to the
I goal ; to shut the mouth of contradicters, to
make them speechless; zibete koma, they
(enemies) have run away, can not be found ;
wamheta emlonycni, he interrupted or snub-
bed \\\m; nbet'ilc eukaidni, he exchanged the
bullock ; into ayibelwa ngankana, i.e. not to
vent a secret to strangers you do not trust.
um-Beti, /;. I. A beater. Ababct'i boliadi,
harpers.
i-Betd, H. 2. A war song of triumph or
exultation.
32
BE
isi-Bet6, «. 4. Punishment, judgment; fig.
a 'plague': sisiheto pczn kwake, we're a
plague to him.
u-Bet6, n. 5. A striking, chastisement.
uku-Betabeta, v. To beat about; to fluctu-
ate.
i-Bet6bet6, n. 2. and isi-Bet6bet6, ;/. 4.
Who or what hinders discourse.
uku-Betabetana, v. To beat or smite
against one another; amadolo ake aheta-
hctaua, his knees smote together.
— Betana, v. To beat each other; to strike
mutually; fig. iziiito zihetenc, to give one
thing for another ; to exchange cattle.
— Betanisa, v. (a) To break clods; to
harrow; fig. iikiihetanisa uktiteta, to speak
vaguely ; ukubetanisa umkosi, to charm the
army or chiefs, (b) To interrupt.
— Betaniseka, v. To be interrupted.
n. 8. Interruption.
— Beteka, v. To be fit for beating: isando
asiheteki, the hammer is not good for
hammering; to beat oneself against:
ndabeteka ctyeni, I struck (my foot) against
a stone; fig. to be exhausted by labour,
running, disease or age : uselehetekile, imi-
nyaka yake sdihamhilc, he is exhausted,
his years are advanced.
— Betela, v. To beat for. fasten to; to nail
to : hetela isikumha, beat i.e. peg, nail down
the skin for drying; hamhetela emnqam-
lezwciii, they crucified him.
— Beteleka, v. To be fastened, nailed fast ;
fig. to perform an action resolutely; to
proceed with hard and measured steps,
as one wading through mire.
— Betelela, v. To fasten, spread for in a
particular place: betelela inteiite apa,
fasten the tent here; to hammer (a nail);
to fasten by nailing; to k( ep a calf from
sucking by striking it while its mother
is being milked.
isi-BetelsIo, 11, A switch used to keep a
calf from sucking at milking.
uku-Betisa, v. To cause or help to beat:
yinina iikuha uzibethef why do you cause
yourself to be smitten.? Phr. wahethn
tigomoya, he paid no regard.
— Betisana, v. To help each other in
beating.
— Betisisa, v. To ^ause oneself to be
beaten.
i-Betambeliba, /;. 2. A person not to be
trusted or depended upon; a despicable
person, a traitor.
E 33
BE
isi-Betankunzi, n. 4. Lit. the bull beater.
Carissa arduina Lam. a thorny shrub with
small bright red edible fruit. The natives
entertain the notion, that when the bull is
beaten with this shrub, he becomes
excited and seeks his mate.
um-Bete, n. 6. Dew. Phr. itshoba lalal'
imibete, the tail-brush was covered with
dew, i.e. he died (a sarcastic expression).
um-Betembete, n. 6. An uncommonly large
family ; a troop of dogs.
Betii, Poss. pron. Our. I p. pi. ref. (a) to I cl.
pL: abantwana betu, our children; emphatic:
abeti'i abanhv.ma, our children, as distinguish-
ed from those of others ; (b) to 7 cl. : ubiikosi
betu, our authority. Phr. an ke betu! O, ye
my friends; see Etu.
um-Betwayo, n. I. Em. The ringhals snake,
Sepedonhaemachates (Lacep).
uku-Betya, v. t. To bend back (fingei-).
— Betyeka, v. To be bent or pointed back-
ward.
ukut'i-Betye, v. i. To bend, as from weakness.
ukut'i-Betyebetye, v. To bend to and fro,
as from weakness ; to waddle.
i-Betyebetye, 7t. 2. us. as adj. Supple,
pliant, flexible ; fig. a wobbler.
ubu-Betyebetye, w. 7. The bending to and
fro ; waddling.
uku-Betyeza, v. To slip with the ankles.
iku-Bevumla, v. i. Em. to make a noise ; to
growl, snarl as a dog; to groan, grumble
indignantly ;=z(^«--S(3V/</«a.
uku-Bevuza, v. i. To cause strife and fighting
by speaking vain words.
um-Bevuza, 71. 6. Fighting, resisting with
words or weapons: ivehla umbevuza, the
fight commenced.
im-Bewu, «. 3. Seed.
uku-B'EXA, V. t. To mix food by stirring it
round; .to beat up an egg; to swing the
shoulders forward alternately in walking.
isi-Bexo. n. 4. A piece of wood to stir round
food ; an oar.
um-Bexo, «. 6. Food prepared by having
been stirred.
uku-Bexabexa, v. To mix by stirring from
side to side ; fig. to cause the isi-Baca to
swing, as women do in walking; fig. to
row ; see nku-Bexeza.
i-Bexebexe, n. 2. | ^ person running; a
isi-Bexebexe, H. 4. J *^
hasty person ; one who is in too great a
hurry to do or seek for a thing properly,
however anxious he may be to get it; a
frivolous, thoughtless person.
BE
ukii Bexeza, ■;'. To move the upper part of
the body in swimming or running, bring-
ing the shoulders forward and backward
with a swinging motion; to waddle as a
duck.
— Bexezela, v. To move or run as quickly
as possible, causelessly; to act hastily.
uku-Bexeslia, v. t. To drive a wagon.
um-Bexeshi, ;/. I. A wagon driver.
im-Beyiya, w. 3. A jester.
im-Beza, ;/. 3. Em. A kin:! of spoon or flat
knife, made of bone or iron, used for re-
moving the perspiration from the face.
isi-Beza, ;;. 4. Any broad cutting instrument.
Bezi, contrac. fr. zHk' zi, see Zibf.
um-Bezo, ;/. 6. A shrub for destroying in-
sects, Crabbea cirsioides.
Bi, adj. Bad, evil, wicked, corrupt, depraved,
ugly, poor, useless, miserable, corrupt, foul,
filthy, impure, worthless, naughty, polluted,
deformed, vicious, expressing all bad physi-
cal and moral qualities: uiinitu omhi, an ugly,
BI
u-Bibinxa, //. 5. An ill-looking, deformed
person.
u-Bicl, n. 5. That what causes misunder-
standing.
ulwa-Bici, «. 5. Home affairs.
uku-B'IDA. ) , -r ^ 1 1-1 u
— Bidabida,) ""' '* ^^ dodge like a hare in
running; to confuse, confound, puzzle, mis-
lead, purloin, betray confidence, defraud.
i-Bida, ;/. 2. A petty thief; a fraudulent
person.
i-Bidi, V. 2. A confounder.
im-Bidane, w. 3. Anything which confounds
or puzzles one.
isi-Bidi, u. 4. Beer; phir. sediment, dregs
which re.Tiain behind in cooking meat;
lees of liquors; fig. disagreeable things.
um-Bido, 11. 6. A fraudulent act.
uku-Bideka, )
— Bidabideka, j
founded, puzzled.
u-Bideko, //. 5. Confusion.
isi-Bidala, n. 4. That which is inconsistei
To be confused, con-
bad person ; izidti libi, the sky is threatening, | ukut'i-Bidi, v. i. Yal'i-bidi rieiiye iiuloda, he got
cloudy; hihi him ndiku-wia aph-njc, it is un- | into a quarrel with another man.
pleasant to me to see you here ; ab.vitu abahi, '■ uku-BidHiza, v. i. To talk like a little child
who is commencing to speak.
im-Bid;yane, «. 3. Hurtfal drink made
from syrup.
; uku-Bidiza, v. i. To speak nonsense.
Mote, rubbish, refuse. Dimin. i uku-Bidlika, v. i. To become soft; of a wall,
to fall to pieces after rain; to fall off as
plaster from a wall; to become soft and
burst, as a boil.
— Bidllza, V. To cause to become soft
etc.: imvida izib'idlizile izitena, the rain
softened the bricks.
). I. To turn, twist: uyaz'.b'ija-
persons who do not pay their respects to
their chief by visiting him ; atn vizi amabi
bad water; intliziyo yam imb'i, I am down
hearted.
isi-Bi, ;/.
isibaua. i
ubu-Bi, //. 7. Badness, illness, wickedness. 1
(All meanings oi bi in an abstract sense).
ama-Bibi, ?/. 2. pi. Dried, decayed weeds in
heaps in a garden or field.
uku-Biba, v. t. To powder a garment black.
i-Biba. n. 2. The rotten or decomposed j uku-B'IJA^, )
substance taken out of the hollow of a | uku-Bijabija, j
tree, then burnt in a pot and ground into
powder, which is sprinkled on a kaross to
blacken it; black dye; see uka-Gcaba.
im-Biha, ;/. 3. The striped field mouse,
Arvicanthis pumilio (Sparr) -i-Nqalu.
isi-Biba, n. 4. (a) A heap of dark things
(cattle), (b) The stomach of the porcupine
dried and powdered. The powder is sup-
posed when put on a superiiclal wound to
protect one for ever against snakebite,
uku-Bibidla, ~
when teething
intelligibly.
uku-Bibilsha, t
been granted.
— Bibil sh-Ma,
To utter sounds as a child
uyablb'idla. you speak un-
'. To take more than has
ore for another
To take
than has been granted.
i-Bibilishelo, //. 3. Greediness.
b'lja, he writhes, or twists himself from pain.
ukut'i-Bijebije, v. To turn, twist: ingwe
imte-b'ijsb'Jc ngomsila, the leopard twisted
his tail roim:l him.
— Bijabijela, v. To turn, twist round and
round: wah'ijab'ijelwa ngoswazi, he was
beaten round about his body, on all sides.
— Bijana, v. To twist together, as ropes.
— Bijela, v. To fasten a reim round the
neck or horns ; to couple oxen ; to wind
round on: inyoka iiidib'ijde, a snake has
coiled round me; to ent ingle: iiitatnbo
ib'ijeiwe, the thong is entangled; fig. to
entangle, in/olve in a certain matter; to
misstate designedly.
— Bijelana, v. To be entangled in each
other, twisted together, as branches of a
tree.
Bl
— Bijelanisa, v. To intertwist, intertwine.
i-Bika, n. 2. A black substance or mass.
uku-BIKA, V. i. To report, acquaint, inform,
announce, especially in reporting officially
accidents or cases of sickness or death:
ndabika isifo somntwana, I reported the ill-
ness of the child ; uzihikile, he reported him-
self as ill or in need, with the view of
getting aid: ndiyinto otgenayo neyokubihi
iiikoino, I have not got even one cow.
um-Biki, «. I. A reporter.
um'-Biko,"'. 6. } Reporting or announcing
officially an event, such as an accident,
illness or death ; death-notice.
uku-Bikeka, v. To be reported as sick.
The cry of the bird Nomnlan' ofayo is
rendered as: ndina 'mntan' ofayo, ?idiba
ndiyambika, kanti ak.ibikeki, I have a sick
child, I think I am reporting him, but he
is ignored. A child, seeing another eating,
will repeat this rhyme in order to get a
share of the food.
— Bikela, v. To report etc., for or to
another: ndj.mbikela isifo sikn-bawo, I re-
ported the sickness of myfather to him;
bikela amaziko, report to the head-families ;
uzibikele, he asked help for himself.
— Bikelana, ik To report etc., to each other.
um-Bikata, n. 6. A piece of a broken earthen
pot, in olden times used for cooking pur-
poses by an iimdlezana.
i-Bikibiki. «. 2. A bulky thing; a corpulent
person; a swollen part so full of matter,
that it hangs down; a mass of people or
cattle ; pi. debris, grass, wood, flood-refuse.
uku-Bikizela, v. To shake (of a swollen
part when hanging on account of watery
matter) ; fig. to shake with rage.
uku-B'IKICA, V. t. To look for and gather
small things, as ears of corn or pieces of
wood from the ground; to glean; to feel,
touch, examine (cloth or other articles) with
the hands; to break wood into small pieces;
uyendisile ubikicile, he has married his
daughter as one who gleans, i.e. too young;
also said of a boy circumcised too young.
im-Bikicane, n. 3. ") t-u j: .. r-u
um-Bikicane, n 6.\ ^^^ §°°^^ ^°°^' C^^"
nopodium ambrosioides, L., growing in
deserted kraals, used as insect powder;
Chenopodium vulvaria, L., used as a
styptic; fig. said of a girl who is married
too young.
Bf
That which has been
im-Bikico, ;/. 3."!
u-Bikico, ;/. 5. J
gathered, small fragments; . the act of
gathering such things; a gleaning.
u-Bikwe, n. I. Burchell's Coucal, or Vlei
lourie, Centropus burchelli. Swains. Its head
is preserved and given to pups for the
purpose of making them expert hunters.
uku-BILA, V. i. Of water, to boil: ibila kade
itnbka, the pot is taking a long time to boil ;
umtombo uyabila, the fountain bubbles out;
fig. of dough or beer, to ferment; to sweat,
perspire: ndibilile, I am in a sweat, n. 8.
Perspiration, fermentation.
— Bileka, v. To be fermenting, leavening.
— Biieia, v. To boil over: iinbiza iyabilela
pautsi, the pot boils over on the ground;
to sweat for: iidiyibilcle lento, I have wrought
hard for this thing; fig. to boil over with
rage and anger; to come over a person as
an overwhelming calamity.
— Blllsa, V. To cause to boil, ferment,
sweat.
i-BlLA, ;/. 3. Beer, as drunk by Europeans
(from Eng. beer).
im-Bila, ?/. 3. The dassie, or coney, Procavia
capensis (Pallas), used as a nickname for an
uncircumcised person. Phr. ukumttika imbila
ng<:ntloko, to give a person a dassie by the
head or biting part, i.e. to cheat one;
ulilangene nemb'ila zic'itakala, (or Em. zic'ita,)
he came upon the dassies dispersing, (or
Em. urinating), i.e. he did not long enjoy
what he had received, (said in the case of a
woman whose husband has died shortly
after marriage, or of one dying shortly
after having received a pension) ; imbila
yaswela untsila vgokiiyaleza, the dassie lost
its tail by ordering (some other animal to
bring it), i.e. do your own business yourself,
don't trust to others doing it for you.
im-Bilap6, n. 3. The gland in the groin.
im-Bilati w. 3. (a) Fore arm or fore leg of
animals, (tibia), (h) =^utn-Nqabaza, the as-
segai tree, whose wood is used for making
lance shafts.
isi-Bill, «. 4. Girth, thickness, bulk, trunk,
stem: unesibili, he is stout.
uku-BlLIBISHA, ■) . T^ , .
-BILIBISHELA, \ ^- '■ T° ^^^'^ t° ^^™
something; to persevere in an undertaking;
to prosecute it with diligence, (fr. the Du.
arbeiden).
im-BlLIBlSHELO, n. 3. Hard work.
im-Bilibondo, //. 3. A confused statement.
35
ukut'i-Bilikityi, -c'. /. To slide, slip, miss; ] uku-BINGA, f. /. To render what is due to
used both physically and morally.
im-Bilini, //. 3. That which is inside mentally,
the mind, thoughts, purports, etc.: kup'
imb'iliiii, reveal your inmost thoughts, mind;
imh'iHiii yakc iqinilc, he is confident, firm in
purpose; ivabctiva liisiai cwh'iUnhii, he felt
much pity; fig. c/iilnliniiii yokiWid/c. in the
midst of the sea.
izi-Bilini, ;/. 4. pi. The material things con-
tained inside; the entrails, intestines, all
the viscera ; fig. tender affections.
um-Bilini, ti. 6. The inside as a cavity: inqaiva
yaku inoiiibilini, your pipe has a large hollow
space, i.e. is capacious, can hold a great
deal ; lomiitu UHOwbilini, this man has a
capacious belly, is voracious. See uku-
Q'lpiika and iiku-Q'ipuln.
u-Bilo, n. 5. Dewlap of cattle.
uku-Bimba, v. t. To swallow a substance
without masticating it.
uku-Bimbilitela, v. To cat greedily; to
give all to one instead of dividing ; to take
more than was granted.
im-Bimbilitelo, «. 3. Greediness, voracity.
uku-Bimbiliza.and BlmWitk,^ ukii-B'imba.
i-Bimbi n. 2. A thoughtless person, one of
weak intellect; unripe, green in judgment,
not skilled.
um-Bimbi, //. 6. A wrinkle on the face due
to old age ; a flabby cheek.
i-Bimbiti, ;/. 2. A sour, sullen, morose, sulky
person ; one who has an uncomely visage.
uku-Bina, v. i. To gallop, race; fig. to rival,
emulate. 1
— Binisa, v. To gallop, race. i
uku-Binda, v. t. To choke, suffocate; offend,
vex, grudge. ;/. 8. Choking, suffocation.
— Bindeka, v. To be offended, obstructed.
departed ancestors, which is done by sacri-
fice; or to a river, which is done by
slaughtering an animal and throwing every
part of it into the river; or to the doctor
who conducts the work of offering, by
slaughtering for him; this does not include
other fees.
um-Bingi, ;/. I. The host who offers, i.e.
who gives the animal for a sacrifice.
isi-Bingo, ;/. 4. The animal slaughtered for
offering.
um-Bingo, n. 6. A sacrifice.
uku-Bingela, 11. To sacrifice for.
— Bingelela, v. To slaughter and offer for
a child (not for twins) at its birth, on the
day the mother ceases lying-in, which is
done by the father or a man of the village,
not by the priest-doctor. The false
prophet u-Mlanjeni used it with an ex-
tended meaning: bingelelnui inkomo ezim-
daka, offer in sacrifice the dun-coloured
cattle.
um-Bingeleli, n. I. The person who offers
for one ; hence a priest.
isi-Bingelelo, ;/. 4. The place for offering;
(this word is used by translators for altar).
um-Bingelelo, //. 6. An offering, sacrifice
for one.
ubu-Bingeleli, ;.'. 7. The priest's office.
uku-Bingelelela, v. To offer for, instead
of.
um-Bingeleleli, n. I. One who offers for
or instead of another.
um-BIngelelelo, «. 6. The offering, sacri-
ficing for or instead of one.
isi-Bingibingi, ?/. 4. One so much offended
that he can liardly speak : uqumbe wasisibingi-
bhi,<ri, he is dumb with anger.
silenced, vexed, fretted, grieved: /7J/Y>/«^£'- , uku-Bingila, v. t. To remove weeds from
kile iigoktitka kwako, I am grieved by your
talk.
— Bindisa, v. To choke, suffocate.
isi-Bindi, n. 4. (a) The liver; fig. courage,
vigour, energy: lomiitu luicsibiiidi, this person
has courage, i.e. can do things coolly, (b)
A liver-coloured fungus growing on rotten
trees, used as a medicine for anaemia
(ihlwili) in cattle, also rubbed by people on
their faces in hot weather.
um-Bindi, //. 6. (a) The principal part of a
thing, as the district or region where the
principal men, the flower of the tribe, are
cleared ground,^= iikii-Siiigila.
Bini, Em. Bili, Card. num. Two: zimbini
inkomo, the cows are two ; amanqhta amabini,
two witnesses; izinto zombhii, both things.
Adv. kabini, twice: yenza kabini, do it twice;
kubi/ii, into two: ra?tda kubini, cut into two
parts; tigambhii. in twos; by pairs.
isi-Bini, 11. 4. Two, as an abstract number:
isliumi elincsibini, twelve; imiti dishtimi
i'linesibiiti, twelve trees; the second: umhla
wesibiiti, the second day; ngohvesibini, i.e.
tisuku, on the second day, on Tuesday;
okwesibiiii, the second time or secondly.
. (b) A forest tree, Garcinia gerrardi ' uku-B'INQA, 7;. /. To gird the loins; to bind
Ilarv., ranging from Egossa to Zululand ; any clothing around the hips ; to buckle on ;
its sap is yellow. i to make ready.
36
BI
i-Binqawa, n. A girdle, girdle belt. (In
this word the Hottentot suffix I'a has
become wa).
um-Binqo, n. 6. Anything (garment) bound
round the hips, except a girdle; a petti-
coat.
uku-Binqeka, v. To be fit for girding.
— Binqela, v. To gird etc. for; to strive to
finish: ulwaluko lubhtqehve e-Nceinera,
circumcision was put an end to at Peelton.
— Binqisa v. To cause, help to gird.
— Binqisana. v. To gird one another.
— Binqiseka, v.=Binqeka.
i-Binxala, «. 2. Abundance of milk.
uku-BINZA, V. t. To throw a spear, dart
to strike by throwing an
inkwenkiv:'2i iyahinza, the
assegai ; fig.
star shoots.
um-Binzi,
I- )
im-Binza, n. 3. 3
A spearman.
um-Binzwa, n. l. One who has been
speared.
uku-Binzeka, v. To be fit for throwing;
to be, or to be capable of being, pierced
by an assegai,
— Binzisa, v. To cause or to help throwing.
i-Binza, n. 2. A quantity of corn placed on
the stone where it is to be ground, or a
quantity of ears of corn placed where they
are to be thrashed out ; dimin. i-Binz ina, a
small detachment.
um-Binza, ;/. 6. A wild fruit tree with edible
berries, septee, Halleria elliptica, Jhiin.
The fruit, if pulled at the proper season,
becomes ripe and black by being put into a
hole in the ground for two days; it is eaten
in time of famine. Green branches of this
tree are burned in sacrifice. The ripening
of the fruit is the time for sowing Kafir-
corn. Phr. sisisele somhinza, it is a pitful of
binza fruit, i.e. something very easily got
see also isi-Sulit.
isi-Bipa, n. 4. An uncommonly ugly person.
isi-Biql, «. 4. The discharge from a putrid
wound or place ; any bad thing, as dirt or a
lump in milk or water; refuse, debris.
uku-Biqiza, v. To suppurate, discharge
any thing putrid, as pus, or clotted blood,
or the placenta in parts ; of cattle, to get
rid of a dead foetus in, putrid parts; fig.
lomntii uyab'iqiza ukuteta, this person speaks
dirty things; inyama ib'iqiza impetu, the
meat is beset with maggots.
u-Bisi, ;/. 5. Sweet milk; ubisi lengwe, lit.
leopard's milk, i.e. brandy.
im-Bishimbishi, u. 3. A corpulent person
BI
uku-B'ITY A, V. To fall off in flesh exceeding-
ly, become very lean: inkomo ibityile, the
cow is very lean. n. 8. Leanness.
u-Bityo. «. 5. Excessive leanness; a thing
that is in an impoverished state, or that
has died of poverty: hidliwe nbttyo or iibi-
tyokazi, a very lean animal.
im-Bitywana, n. 3. One who is emaciated,
very lean.
uku-Bityisa, v. To cause great leanness,
(used both physically and morally) ; to
terminate the existence of a very lean
animal :bltyisa ohiliibityokazi, finish off this
very lean animal.
u-Bivana, 11. 5. That which is lean, without
bones.
i-Bixa, w. 2. An indigent person; one who is
unable to giv'e that whit;h is asked from him.
ubu-Bixa. n. 7. Indigence, poverty, penury.
uku-Bixanisa, v. To identify with: undi-
bixanisj nabani-na? with whom do you
identify me ?
\-E\.Y A,^ i-Bila, European beer.
uku-BIYA, V. t. To fence: biya ubuhlmtt,
fence the cattle fold, (which is done by
laying bushes around, or putting them into
the ground, or by wattling).
u-Biyo, «. 5. The act of fencing.
uku-Biyela, v. To fence for or round about:
biycla amasimi, fence the gardens.
— Biyisa, v. To help to fence.
u-Biya, n. I. Em. The ringhals snake ; = /-
Phnpi.
im-Biza, n. 3. Formerly an earthen pot for
cooking, as distinguished from an iron one;
now any pot for cooking.
uku-BIZA, V. t. To name, call, invoke, invite,
order, say, repeat: biza izicaka, call the
servants; ndibiza im-.li yim kuive, I demand
my money from you ; umbize igavia elingu-N.,
thou shalt call his name N. ; iwibiza ngokuba-
Nkosi, or iigokuti-Nkosi, he calls him Lord ;
iibizwa ngabanina ? what is your surname ?
im-Biza and im-Bizo, n. 3. A convened
meeting, after the analogy of SesuXopitso
from pitsa.
isi-Bizo, n. 4. (a) A distinguishing name;
surname, (b) That by which anything
asked is obtained.
u-Bizo, 11. 5. Invitation, cry, calling.
um-Bizane, n. 6, Attraction; fascination,
such as a snake exerts over a bird.
uku-Bizeka, v. To be utterable; to be
summoned, cited ; to have a name ; to be
renowned, famous: igama lake libizeka
kamiiandi, his name sounds pleasant.
?/. 8. Appellation.
37
Bl
— Bizela, v. To call, invite for or to:
tiJihizelivd it y aid lam, I am called on
account of my debt or cri.ne; to invite
to ; to read to ; fig\ to draw by suction
into the mouth, as through a straw, to
swallow, deglut.
BO
u-Bize!o ;/ ^ S ^ *^'' ' ^cclama
tion: uiigiiz' u\\' chiz:lw
to a meeting without knowing why yoi
are called, you do not know you are
going to die by tiie word of the isauiisc.
uku-Bizelana, v. To gather togetlier (in a
hostile sense): ha'uzrlaiid ndivivj'iyc !i,i(o-
Moscs iiango-Arou, they gathered together
against Moses and Aaron.
uku-Bizisa, v. To cause or make to name,
call, etc. :u':ffrdil>izisa liuilcto rlis'nimi, he
made me repsat the ten comman Iments.
Bo, I. Contrac. form of pron. emphat. bo.-ia,
I cl. pi. and 7 cl. They, it. It is (a) governed
by prepositions: ham'iain naho (ahaiitu), go
ye with them (the people) ; ngenaui knho
(iibiikiinikiiiij, enter into it (the kingdom);
bcka pczu kwaho, put it on them.
(b) Poss pro;i. of I cL p!. : into y.bo, their
(the people's' thing; 7 cL: iikifka kwaho,
the arrival of it (the kingdom); emphat.:
cyaho into, t/wir thing; okivabo ukujika, its
arrival, (c) It is used in forming the copula
and to express causal relationship: ngabo,
it is they; bubo, by it.
2. Verb prcf. of the con:lit. and hypo-
thetical future tense, I cl. pi. : xa ate iveza
b'dktinika Umto, when you come, they will
give this thing to you; 7 cl.: bojika ubukuni-
kani, the kingdom will come.
-bo, Enclitic particle to strengthen exhort-
ations, when affixed to the imperative:
hcim^n'i-bo! now do go! apa-bo! here it is.
ukut'i-B6, ■;'. i. To fall off: ihashe litc-bo, the
hair of the horse has fallen off.
isi-Ba, n. 4. )
See itku-Ba IV.
ulu-Bo, //. 5. )
ubu-Bo, H. 7. See iiku-Ba, III.
um-Bd, ti. 6. Scab on a dog, mange.
uku-B6ba, v. t. To speak nonsense.
uku-BOBA, V. i. To compress or bring the
sides of a thing near each other ; to make a
depression in a yielding article; fig. to
soften down; to speak in a conciliatory,
dispassionate manner.
um-Bobi, n I. \ ^ conciliatory person.
isi-Bobi, «. 4. 3 ■'
uki;-Bobaboba, v. To narrow, diminish
breadth; to calm, pacify, appease, soothe,
mollify, soften one who has been offend-
ed ; to coax.
i-Sobo, u. 2. Hole, hollow, excavation ; a cavi-
ty which has been made or bored, as that of
a chimney, or gun; hence, a tube; a piping
through which water flows; fig. a sound.
', i.e. never go ' im-B6b6, ;/. 3. ^ i-Bobo.
isa-B6b6, //. 4. Something wide and deep;
iuxcba elisabobo, a wide, deep wound.
uni-Bdb6, ;/. 6. Em. a gun; a steam-whistle
such as is used at large works to indicate the
hours for beginning and for ceasing work.
isi-Babo, ;/. 4. Any thing dense, as a thick,
long, strong beard.
u-Bobo, 91. 5. A species of thorn tree, which
grows very densely, with black, edible
berries; it is used for making charms,— z//«-
Pi'ifa. Phr. bambu hibobo, entangle him by
the thickets, i.e. hold him fast.
u-B6bdyi, n I. The African Hoopoe, Upupa
africana, Bechst. Its early return in spring
informs the natives that winter is past.
uku-B6b6za, v. i. To issue, ooze, as water
from a foimtain, or scrofulous matter from
an ulcer, or pus from the genitals.
n-Bdbozo, n. 5. Any thing issuing in the
manner just described. (Blennorrhoea ur-
ethrae).
um-Bodamo, 11. 6. Confusion from people
running out and in ; a crowd pressing in to
get at a thing first.
uku-B'ODLA, V. i. To eruct, belch, which
sometimes is ascribed to witchcraft: ubodV
esambesa, lit. he loathes while he clothes, i.e.
he is outside friendly but inside hostile.
um-BddIo, ?/. 6. The belching of wind
from the stomach; eructation.
uku-Bodlisa, v. Fig. to take, as does a
chief, the property of a deceased father.
im-BddIa, n. 3. Em. The African wild cat,
Felis ocreata cafra, Desm.^ i-Cataza and
in-GaJa; mbodlaiidini, a nick name.
ukut'i-BodIt), f. t. To pierce with a needle
or anything sharp: udiugakuti bodlo tigale-
?nela, I would stab you with this knife.
i-B6dlo, //. 2. An old tumble-down building.
i-B6dlob6dlo, ;;. 2. One who is pierced
through in many places, or many persons
who are pierced through.
uku-B6dIoza, v. To stab with any sharp
instrument as a knife ; to strike home with
a stick, as boys try to do when fighting:
ndimbodlozile ngentonga, I got at him with
my stick ; = uku-Badluza.
38
BO
im-BODLELA, tt. 3. A bottle (from Eng., or
from the second made by liquid being
poured out of a bottle.)
im-Bddlololo, n. 3. Bullock with horns
standing straight up from the head.
i-BODOLOSHE, n. 3. Botheration. (Eng.)
Bodwa, Adj. Alone, only, I cl. pi : abantwa-
na bodwa, the children alone ; babodwa, they
are alone ; 7. cl. : tihulungisa bodwa, righteous-
ness only; see u-Dwa.
ukut'i-Bof u, V. t. To pierce, as a thorn.
uku-Bof ula, V. i. To walk heavily or struggle
(in the mud) ; to exert oneself with difficulty.
uku-Bohla, v. i. To fall, as a swelling, or as
a sack containing fermenting liquor when
opened; to collapse, sink, decrease: ama-
nzi abohlile, the water decreased (after a
flood); fig. to be lowered: iizibohlile, he
has lowered himself, he is ashamed.
— Bohlisa, v. To cause to sink; to lessen
the bulk by drawing oat portion of the
contents.
uku-B'OJA, ) , ™ . ,
-Bdjaboja, J ^- '• ^^ °PP^^^ "^ ^ '^^^ °^
greater degree pacific or healing
measures; to disturb; trouble,, stir up
strife or confusion.
um-Bdjabdji, n. i.^
i-B6ia, n. 2. f A ,,
i-B6jab6ja, n. 2. ( ^ ^^^^^'^^"' ^^P^'^'^^
isi-Boja, ;/. 4. j
disputant, a disturber.
u-BdjSana, ] «• i- ^ kin;l of small iron
spade manufactured in Europe and sold to
Kafirs by the traders ; it was made express-
ly for Kafir trade.
u-B6jongela, n. 5. Anything long and moving
in file; cattle moving in long droves,
whether in drought or in war or on re-
moval of habitation, or going home in file:
impaJila ilubdjo'igela, the cattle go in pro-
longed droves.
um-Boko, n. 6. Proboscis, snout; elephant's
trunk. (When an elephant is brought down,
the chief huntsman cuts off the point of the
proboscis and buries it, for which he gets a
small fee. A superstitious respect towards
the elephant is shewn by this proceeding. )
Fig. a spout, a chimney; a watch-chain, see
itku-Gab'isa. "^
uku-Bokoda, v. i. To be poor ; not to find or
gain a li'/elihood.
i-B6konifu, ;?. 2. A big corpulent person; a
fat animal walking with difficulty; a bulky
.serpent, such as a heavy puffadder.
.39
BO
uku-Bokonxa, v. t. To thrnw an assegai or
pointed stick so that in falling it sticks into
the ground.
— Bdkonxisa, v. To cause, help to throw,
etc.
ama-Bdkoti, n. 2. pi. Changes.
im-B6kot6 and im-B6kotwe, n. 3. A round
or oval stone, especially one for grinding
corn; often used for diamonds, therefore
the Diamondfields are ca.W&'i elzm-Bokohve;
fig. one who says or does whatever, another
does. Phr. kwafa ilitye, (the under stone) fie-
/!ibdko!wj, (the upper one), lit. both miil-
stonss died; said when two persons are in
mutual conflict or deadly encounter, or
when raceoxen or racehorses keep closely
contending, and generally when a contest
is stoutly maintained, or when the enemy
destroy everything, even to the grinding
stones ; nothing was spared.
uku-B6koxa, v. i. To use or give the whole;
tikuzibdkoxa, to spend oneself; to mix one-
self up in a degrading matter; to bring
oneself into trouble or to fall.
— B6koxela, v. To spend the whole on;
to open the whole -mind to : iizibokoxela,
he empties himself out, on or to, speaks
out all that he has to say.
uku-Bdkozela, v. i. To speak to one in an
indistinct manner; to articulate with a
rough voice; to growl as a lion enraged,
while he lashes his sides with his tail.
uku-Bokozela, v. i. {from uku-Bokoda . To
have nothing; to go a begging; to go stark
naked without any co/ering on the body;
(used of big boys going without the isi-Dla).
i-BoKUVA H. 3. A buck-wagon; from the Du.
i-BOKWE, n. 3. A goat (from the Du. bok).
i-BOLA, n. 3. (a) Gimlet or auger (from Du.
boor), lb) A ball, the game of cricket (from
Eng. ball).
um-BOLO, n. 6. A boring; a thing bored; a
gunbarrel; iim-Bdlombhn, a double bar-
relled gun.
uku-BOLA, V. t. To bore a hole (Du. boren).
im-B61a, //. 3. Orig. clay of a red colour
which was burnt, and then pounded and
made into a paste and painted on the
body; now any red paint put on the
body. (Kafirs reckon a black person as un-
comely).
uku-BOLA, V. i. To spoil, corrupt, rot, de-
compose, putrefy : inyama ibolile, the meat
is putrid, i.e. spoiled; amatanga alolile,
the pumpkins are rotten ; to sham death :
iifiido sdnhoUlc. the tortoise is sliamming , im-B6mbd, ii. 3. (a) External angle, street
death. ;/. 8. Corruption, decay, rottenness,
putrefaction. j
i-Boli, «. 2. Anything quite rotten; great ;
mortality, whether of man or beast, ,
whether caused by disease or war. \
uku-Bolisa, v. To cause to rot, etc. |
ukut'i-BoIe, v. i. To be wholly covered with j
sores. I
uku-BOLEKA, V. t. With locati/e case of the I
person it means to borrow ; with the j
corner: ilitye leinbdnibo, corner stone; loc.
cmbombeni ; dimm. imbonjana. (b). The black-
crowned bush-shrike, Pomatorhynchus se-
negalus (L).
ama-Bombd, n. 2. pi. High temples or fore-
head: bazisiiigise amabombo tigase-Sude, they
(cattle) were facing Southward.
um-Bomb6, n. 6. The arch of the nose in
men and beasts. Phr. Into isembonjeni, the
matter is quite clear.
accusative case of the person it means to ' um-Bombdmfene, 11. 6. A forest-tree, Plect-
lend, e.g. ndibolekc i/iiali k'uyc. I have
borrowed money from him; tindiholcke
imali, he has lent me money ; bolcka iiiiali kti-
Mhala, borrow money from Mhala; mbolcke
imali u-Mlmla, lend Mhala monay.
um-Bolekl, w. I. A borrower, a creditor.
Icko, a borrowed cow; lending: i'lzala ye-
mbolcko, usury.
uku-Bolekana, v. To lend each other, or
borrow from each other, as e.g. of two
people having one jacket between them
and wearing it on alternate days.
— Bolekela, v. To borrow for another;
ndambolckela ihashc kit-NaiUsi, I borrowed
a horse for him from such a one.
— Bolekisana, v. To take turn about with
each other, e.g. at herding.
i-B6lo, «. 2. Candle wood, Pterocelastrus
variabilis Sond.
U-B6I0, ?/. 5. A large penis. (Vulgar).
u-B6lob6lo, II. I. The diaphragm, the large
intestine in cattle or sheep, the perquisite
of the dogs when a beast is cut up.
um-B6lompo, ti. 6. A tube, as a telescope ;
tunnel; ravine; porch, portico; passage be-
tween high banks of a mountain torrent;
fig. anxiety; the feeling of apprehension
felt before an approaching catastrophe.
uku-B6lora, v. i. To carry on singing all
night, in preparation for a marriage.
um-B6lofo, ;/. 6. Night-singing of young
people, in preparation for a marriage.
Night-concert.
i-BOMA, n. 2. A fruit garden. In pliir. fruit,
from Du. boom.
u-Bdmale, n. i. A kind of field-cricket,
Nasidius truncatifrons.
im-B6mbe, ;/. 3. The fruitstalk of the palm
ronia obovata fKlotsJ.
uku-Bdmb6loza, v. i. To shout, cry aloud,
as when giving warning of the approach
of an enemy, howl, roar. ti. 8 Shouting.
um-B6mb6mbd, w. 6. A house which is
comparatively very wide and high.
im-B6mb6sholo, n. 3. ) a n
isi-B6mb6to, ;,. 4- 3 "^"^ well-propor-
tioned body ; a tall, stalwart, proportionately
built person: timntti nsisibdmbdlo, the person
is tall, stalwart.
im-Bomboza, n, 3. Strangury.
uku-Bomela, v. t. To harass, pester by beg-
ging ; to accuse falsely : iisibomele, he wrongs
us persistently without cause ; to persist in
not doing what others charge one to do.
um-Bomvane, n. 6. Saffronwood, Elasoden-
dron croceum, D.C., the roots of which are
used by witchdoctors as an emetic of the
nature of an ordeal ; the bark is used as a
purgative.
Bomvu, adj. Red: iqiya ebonivii, a red hand-
kerchief; inkonio ibomvu, the cow is red;
boniviimnyama, purple; bomvtira, reddish.
Bomvu, Inter}. In the boy's game untinti,
when 'bomvu ' is called out, the boys of the
one side have to run the gauntlet through the
boys of the other side, and to endeavour to
do so without getting their heads rubbed.
Bona, Pron. emphat. (a) I cl. pi. They, or
them, as distinguished from others: bona
bafika, they arrived; ndabakaiigcla bona, I
looked at them; abo:ia bantu bakuln, the
people who are great, compared with others,
or the really great people.
lb) 7 cl. Nditeta ubukumkaiii bona, I
speak of it. the kingdom ; bona buycza, it
comes ; emphat. : o'^ona bukumkani bukulu,
the kingdom which is great compared with
others, or the really great kingdom.
, made into uku-BONA,
To see, perceive, behold,
grass, stripped into small shreds,
a brush, used in supping sweet or sour milk. : observe, regard: ndikubonile, I have seen
Em. A piece of wood or horn used as a you; akasiboni, he does not see us, i.e. he is
snoon- dimin. im-bonjana- ' above noticing us; ndibone, Nkosi, do look
40
BO
on me, i.e. have mercy on me, Lord.
(When very hot, Kafirs pray, Sibo?ie!) sakii-
hona! hail! Voc. bona! yabona! behold! pi.
bonani! yabonani! behold ye, perceive!
ndiboua ngocargo luvaleka, I perceive the
door closing; amahashe alahlekileyo aboniwe,
the lost horses have been seen, i.e. found;
ndiza kiikubona, I come to see you, i.e. to
visit you; ifnali yam andiyiboni, my money
I do not find, i.e. I miss; to examine a
girl^ ttkiihlola. Phr. umntu okade ebona, an
old man who has seen much and undergone
many difficulties.
As an auxiliary, ukubona is used to express
"when, at the time when" : bakubon' iikuba
bat'i, when they are saying; akubon' ukuba
uyazicinga ezizinto, naco isitunyiva sibonakala,
while he was thinking on these things,
behold, an angel appeared.
w. 8. Opinion : ukuhona kivam, my opinion.
um-Boni, n. l. One who sees or has seen.
im-B6ni, «. 3. (a) An adept at seeing, (b)
A woman who examines a girl to see if
she is a virgin.
isi-Bono, n. 4. A gift by which a lover or a
father declares his attachment or his
gratitude. When a young man desires a
girl's parents to send her to him that she
may become his wife, they demand the
isibo:;o; from the phrase yenza kesibone,
come now, let us see what you are pre-
pared to give. When a father asks to
see the child that has been born to him,
his friends demand the isibo>!0.
um-Bono. n. 6. Phenomenon, vision, sign
Em. rupture of the navel.
ama-BonaiidenzUe, n. 2. pi Efforts, risks,
hazards, ventures made without hope of
succeeding.
isi-Boninge, n. 4. Strange, unwelcome sight.
uku-Bonabaita, v. To look about with
pleasure or agreeable surprise, as the
lepers in Israel who found the cjimp
deserted, but full of spoil; to look
attentively.
uku-Bonakala, v. To appear; to be visible;
to be within view : iiikwcukivczi ziyabo.ia-
kala, the stars are visible ; fig, to be clear :
kuyabonakala ukiiteta kwako, your speaking
is clear, can be comprehended; uyeuze
lo.'ito rgokubo:iakalayo, he has done this
openly, in public; to be fitting: ukuba
knte kwahonakala, if it is fitting, n. 8.
ukubo/takala kwake kubi, his appearance or
character is ugly.
F
im-B6nakaIo, «. S- ) i-u c
isi-Bonakalo, n. 4. j ^he appearance of a
thing; the thing that appears; appear-
ance, view, sight, vision.
uku-Bonakalalisa, v. To disclose, make
clear or manifest.
um-Bonakalaliso, n. 6. Proof, token.
uku-Bonakaleld, v. To be transparent, as
water, glass or a sieve ; fig. to be left
in destitute circumstances, as orphans.
— Bonakalelisa, f. ) T^^ ^„ .^ ^ ^„„,.
-Bonakalisa, J. 1 ^^ ^^"'^ *° ^PP^^'^'
to discover, disclose, reveal, make clear.
isi-Bonakaliso, n. 4. The act of making or
giving an appearance; a thing which
makes to appear, evidence, revelation.
uku-Bonakalalisela, v. \ y^ ^^Up ■.. „,„„..
-BonakaliseJa, v. )^ ° ^^^^ ^^ '^'^^^^
etc. for, or to.
— Banana, v. To see each other.
— Bonela, v. To look on at (an exhibition,
spectacle), observe: wabonela ukududa, he
looked on at the dancing ; uzibonele, see for
yourself; to call the attention of others:
bonelani musebenzi want, behold ye my
work; bonelani kuye, follow his example;
to look for: ukubonela intaka, to find a
bird's nest ; indawo yokubonela, a theatre.
um-Boneli, n. I. A spectator.
isi-Bonelo, n. 4. | Exhibition, spectacle,
um-Bonelo, «. 6. ) ' ^ '
play.
uku-Bonelana, v. To look, etc., for each
other, i.e. to care for or make provision
for each other.
— Bonelela, v. To take advantage of:
uyandibonelela, he takes advantage of me ;
iiyambonelela iibudenge, he takes advantage
of his stupidity ; tiyazibonelela izinfun zake,
he perceives coming evil beforehand and
provides for his sheep against it.
-Bonlsa, v. To cause or make or help to
see or look; to show, point out, prove,
exhibit to view: ndababonisa abantu izono
zabo, I showed the people their sins ; boni-
sa ihashe, said by one in search of a horse
to one he meets or suspects; bonisani,
help me to see (strayed or lost animals) ;
ndiyahonisa, I advise.
um-Bonisi, n. I. One who makes others
see, a counsellor.
isi-Boniso, ;/. 4. That which shows; a
token, argument, reason, proof.
um-Boniso, «. 6. Show, exhibition; sign,
proof, sample, specimen, pattern, evi-
dence, demonstration.
BO
uku-Bonisana, v. To show to each other.
— Bonisela, v. To show for another; tc
look out, watch, guard on a stage or hill
to spy, espy the approach of birds, or of
an enemy; to find a bird's nest.
um-Boniseli, ti. I. ) t-u i ^ i
im-Bdnlseli, «. 3. ] The guard, watch, spy,
who is in an elevated place; one who
sounds the war-cry.
im-Bdniselo. «. 3. High place for watch-
ing; watchtower.
uku-Bonisisa, v. To show clearly; to de-
monstrate.
uku-BONDA, V. t. To stir round: ho:ida
isidudu, stir round the porridge; fig. to
confuse the subject; to seize unjustly
um-Bondi, «. l. A tale bearer.
im-Bdndembdnde, «. 3. A mass formed of
mingled ingredients; a mixture.
isi-Bonda, n. 4. (a) A pole or stake in a
fence or hut; fig. a headman of a local-
ity or district, who upholds the Govern-
ment's authority, (b) A severe, constant
pain.
u-Bondo, «. 5. A big wooden spoon for
stirring food.
um-Bonde, n. 6. A confused statement;
= vn-Biliboiido.
ubu-Bonda, «. 7. The office of a headman.
uku-Bondela, v. To stir round for.
um-8ondovu, «. 6. Mixture : umbondovii
wesi-Xosa, an indiscriminate mixture of
words, either of English and Kafir, or in
Kafir alone.
um-Bonelo, and um-Boneli, see iiku-Bona.
uku-BONQA, V. t. To praise, extol loudly
and impromptu by songs or orations; to
praise, magnify, laud, celebrate the deeds
of a chief, or the feats of race oxen, or the
valour of an army. Old men of the chief's
clan, though distant, creep out of their huts
at daybreak and loudly celebrate his praises.
Phr. lento umnlti iyemkci fwko ibo:igwayo, man
goes away, though he is celebrated, i.e. the
most renowned must die.
im-B6ngi, ti. 3. The poet who praises; an
improvisator.
or hum of a nurse to lull a child to sleep.
Plur. izibongo, poems descriptive of the
feats and character of chiefs or heroes.
Among the Abambo, isibongo is the clan
name, e.g. Mabengn, Dlamini, Radebc ; in
greeting or in thanking a person the clan
name is used.
42
BO
To praise in respect to.
To cause, help, make to
uku-Bongela. v
— Bongisa,
praise.
— Bonglsela, v. To praise one by allusions
to another; to speak constantly good or
bad of another: udc wabuha ebongisela
iigojiantsi, till he died he spoke constantly
of N.
uku-Bongoza, v. (a) To beseech, entreat,
solicit, importune, petition, implore for-
giveness; to press by persuasion; to be
importunate: 7idize htwc 7idikubo>igdza, I
came to beseech you. (b) To coax,
wheedle, flatter. ;/. 8. Entreat.v.
isi-Bongoza. ;/. 4. (a) An entreaty, solicita-
tion, petition, (b) That which a coaxer
promises or gives.
uku-Bongozela, v. To entreat for; to
implore on behalf of another.
uku-B'ONGA, V. i. To bellow like a calf or
ox in distress for food; to cry out, as one
in distress; to roar as artillery.
u-B6ngeinpandeni, w. i. A big fly that
makes a humming sound in a vessel, like
that of a top. It is said that its eggs,
produce the isi-Biiiigu. Fig. worthless.
i-B6ngo, 11. 2. Used more in pi. Fanciful!
talk, whims, freaks, sallies; a soliloquy.
um-B6ngo, ;/. 6. The bellowing, lowing of
an ox, noise of a gun.
uku-Bongela, v. To ring: ihlati libougchve,
the forest is made to ring with shooting.
— BongiSa, v. To cause to cry out ; to twirl ;
fig. to struggle as a female to escape
from a ravisher.
im-B6ngisa, //. 3. The cone shaped fruit
of the iim-Bd)igisa, called monkey apple,
used by the children as a spinning top.
um-B6ngisa, n. 6. Two shrubs: the larger
is Royena lycioides, D.C. whose fruit is
used as a spinning-top; the smaller with
pinkish-yellow fruit is Royena pallens,
a calabash of its contents, leaving it quite
empty.
isi-B6ngobiyana, n. 4. A contemptible,
cheeky person.
im-B6ngolo, //. 3. A mule (between the horse
an.l the ass); an ass; anything with pro-
minent nose or mouth.
uku-Bongoza, etc. see under uku-Boaga.
uku-B6ngozeIa, v. i. To grow fast (said of a
child or tree).
u-Bdngwana, n. 5. Windpipe, throat.
BO
i-Boni, n. 2. (a) A large duncoloured grass-
hopper; pi. many: ngatnatole atnaboni ! what
a lot of children ! It is used of grasshoppers
when they are eaten by birds or fowls, (b)
The mo!e-i-at, Georychus hottentotus (Less.)
(c) The great rain which fell during Rar'abe's
life time is stiJl distinguished by this name.
im-Bdni, im-B6niseli, isi-Boniso, etc., see
uku-Bona.
Bonke, Adj. l cl. pi. All, the whole: abantu
bofike, all people ; 7 cl. : ubukulu bake bonke,
all his greatness; see 0/ike.
um-Bono, see uku-Bona.
u-B6ntsi, 7t. I. The gvQditiOQ: bay any atelana
vgobontsi, they are ready to fight. Phr.
ukuma vgobontsi, to deny point black.
uku-B6nxa, v. i. To become full and tense
to fill with milk; to swell as buds or veins,
or cows' teats : imibele ibonxile, the teats are
enlarged and full.
— Bonxisa, v. To cause to fill with milk.
uku-BOP'A, V. t. pass, bolshwa. To bind, tie,
pack, fasten : bopa inyanda, tie the bundle of
wood; to fasten on, as a burden or saddle;
to harness, yoke: bopa ihashe, saddle the
horse ; bopa inkabi, yoke the oxeij ; bopa ama-
nxeba, bind up the wounds; fig. usibopile
ngeswi lake, he has bound us by his word,
i.e. he has got the better of us in argument;
inqina elifumana lisibopa, a witness who
brings a false charge against us. Phr.
kuyabotshwa nonyaka, lit. this year there is
tying, i.e. they will remove, die ; Ubotshive
ngentambb cmasendeni or emnweni, the wizard
is tied with a thong at the testicles or finger
—a kind of torture to extract confession.
um-Bopi, n. I One who binds: umbop'i
wezitungu, a binder of sheaves.
ama-Bope, n. 2. pi. Bands, thongs; sorceries,
enchantments: ukuhopa ngomabope, to
charm.
isi-Bop6, n. 4. Anything to bind with
(string, band, thong).
u-Bop6, n. 5. A bond, obligation, liability.
um-Botshwa, n. 6. (a) A chained or bound
captive, (b) Anything tied up, e.g. a bag
not quite full that is tied up. (c) The
sinew or tendon which is behind the knee
of an animal, connecting the knee joint;
the hamstring, and tjie corresponding
tendon in man.
uku-Bopana, v. To bind, tie or fasten
together: inkabi zibophte, the oxen have
entangled each other; fig. to entangle
each other in speech, as in backbiting
and telling tales.
43
BO
-Bopeka, v. To be bound : kobopeka emhla-
beni, it will be bound on earth.
-Bopela, V. To bind for, at: ndibopeV
inxowa, bind the sack for me ; uyabotshelwa,
is said of a young person who is being
compelled by relations to marry one
whom he or she does not want.
-Bopelana, v. To tie or bind for each
other ; fig. to plot, conspire,
-Bopelela, v. To fasten to a certain place
or thing, as a horse to a stake, or a
bullock to a wagon: inkabi zibotshelehve
enqwelweni, the oxen are tied, fastened up
to the wagon. Phr. ubopelele inja enkangeni,
lit. he has fastened his dog to the inkanga;
when applied to an elderly person, this
means, he is stingy; but when applied to
children, he is foolish or silly or he is
telling lies.
lstlo*pla,"ll A .hong o. lath .o
which other things are fastened.
u-Bopelelo, n. 5. The tying up to; attach-
ing oneself to another in travelling.
uku-Bopisa, v. To cause, assist to bind, etc.
— Bopisana, v. To assist each other in
binding, etc.
— Bopisisa, v. To fasten well, make tight.
u-Bdqo, n. 5. The large convolvulus, Phar-
bitis hispida, Chois. with a stout root which
sometimes breaks ploughs in the lands.
Cattle feeding on it thrive well, but their
milk acquires a disagreeable quality and
causes inflation of the bowels.
im-B6fa, «. 3. and u-B6fa, n. 5. Em. Belching
with a disagreeable smell ; stink, stench.
uku-B6foza, v. To retch, vomit from
nausea caused by a bad smell.
i-B6shob6sho, «. 2. A babbler.
im-B6sholoIo, n. 3. Depravity.
um-B6shonqa, n. 6. That which is long, or
large in size, fruitful: umboshonqa wamatye,
large hailstones.
i-Boso, n. 2. Carving or bowie knife
uku-BosOLA, V. t. To brush, clean. From Du.
borstel.
uku-B'OTA, V. t. To greet, done by women
to each other, or by lovers to lovers; not
by men to each other or to people of
higher rank: bota! all hail!
— B6tana, v. To greet each other.
— B6tisa, V. To cause to greet.
— B6tisela. v. To send greetings to: ndt-
botisele kuye, give him or her my greetings.
i-BOTANlSl, n. 2. A button, esp. white, sewn
on the clothes of the red Kafir women; in
BO
general, any button ; (from the Eng.)
i-BOTlLE, «. 3. Bottle (from the Eng.)
ukut'i-BOT'O, V. i. Of a vessel, to be indented
or bruised.
isi-Botd, «. 4. (a) A depression in a metaj
vessel, (b) Small insects which keep
hitting a traveller in the face, (c) A small
kind of grasshopper, (d) A little baby.
i-Botdbot\vana, n. 2. A young child when
able to sit.
uku-Botdka, v. Of a vessel, to be indented
or bruised.
— Bot6za, %\ To depress or compress,
bruise a vessel.
— Botdzeka, v. Of a tin dish, to be bashed in.
i-BOTOLO, H. 3. Butter (fr. Du. boter). Butter
is made for the purpose of anointing the
body.
im-B6tshaiie, 11. 3. Strife about what has
been said by others or heard from others.
um-Botshwa, see uku-Bopa.
i-B6twe, «. 2. The house of the great wife
of a chief where the councillors meet; it is
held sacred as a place of refuge for culprits ;
palace, capital, metropolis, the seat of
government, hence Capetown. Phr. ndinge-
yiyo inkosi ndingc nabatwe, I am not the chief,
I have no palace ; loc. ebotive.
uku-Botya, v. t. To cause confusion by
telling lies.
im-Bdtye, w. 3. Complicated, confused state.
isi-BotyoIo, n. 4. Confusion.
im-BoTYi, «. 3. Bean, (from Du. boontje).
um-Bovana, ti. 6. A thorny climbing plant.
im-B6vane, ;/. 3. The generic name for ants;
applied also, though loosely, to termites.
Phr. imbovane zilamb'ile, the ants are hungry,
a contemptuous way of silencing an un-
circumcised man who is attempting to speak
at a public meeting; referring to the fact
that at the time of circumcision, the ijivabu
is buried in a termite-heap.
uku-B6vela, v. i. To be stunted: ubhele, a
dwarf; inkomo ibovele, a cow of stunted
growth.
BO
ukut'i-B'OVU, ) , -r , .
uku-B6vula, ] "■ '• ^^ ^^^^ °^ go^^ ^''th
the horns : inkomo yatiiva-bovii, the cow was
gored; fig. aniazwi ako andite-bovu, your
words have wounded me.
— B6vub6vula, v. To stab, wound often.
isi-B6vubdvu, w. 4. A coarse, rude, bluster-
ing, ill-natured, violent, quarrelsome,
dangerous creature, having the manner
of a bull.
ubu-B6vub6vu, ;/. 7. Rudeness, violence.
uku-B6vulana, v. To wound, abuse each
other.
uku-B'OXA, ■:'. /. To disturb, mix up, scatter:
iiija iziboxile igiisha, the dog has scattered
the sheep; fig. to break up or terminate a
discussion; to pervert, confound, block up,
impede, obstruct a discussion or dispute ; to
be obstinate in insisting upon what is
contested; to interfei-e so as to defeat a
purpose.
i-Bdxo, 71. 2. A feast given to the relatives
of a concubine.
im-B6xo, n. 3. Oval, oblong, elongated,
erect: in'.o cmbbxo, an oval shaped thing.
isi-Bdxi, n. 4. An obstinate, quarrelsome
person; a troubler, confounder.
isi-B6xoiaIo. ;/. 4, (a) A cow with straight
horns pointed up. (b) A large fine head of
Indian corn.
isi-B6xongo, n. 4. A horn, which only
lately has grown out; tig. a greenhorn.
isi-B6xoti, n. 4. A straight horn, having
a little inclination forward; fig. a person
who inclines to proceed, but who remains
stationary through fear.
um-B6xo, n. 6. An oval, an oblong.
uku-B6xab6xa, v. To lengthen a dispute.
— Boxana, v. To obstruct, etc., each other's
mind; to oppose each other.
— B6xisa, V. To cause confusion ; to compli-
cate matters.
i-Boza, n. 2. The site of a deserted village.
im-B6vu, w. 3. The upper lip; the chaps J ubu-Baza, //. 7. Maturity.
inside a whale's mouth, providing the whale isi-Bozi, n. 4. An old skin bag for churning;
bone. [ a churn.
ubu-Bovu, «. 7. (ir om. uku-Bola). Pus; white I uku-Bozisa, v. t. from iiku-Bola. To cause
or yellowish matter suppurating from
wounds or ulcers.
um-B6vu, n, 6. (a) Fruit like great red
pearls from i-Dywadi, or African boxthorn,
Lycium horridum, L. (b) A bead, (c) An
ornament. This word is from same root as
im-Bohi red clay, and iiii-Bdx>ane, a (red) ant.
rottenness, ruin; to putrify, corrupt; fig. to
abuse with words, slander, calumniate,
reproach.
im-B6zisa, n. 3. That which causes rotting,
as rain making the corn rot ; fig. reproach,
abuse, slander, hideous deed.
ubum-Bozisa, ?/. 7. Corruption.
BO
isi-Bdzo, n. 4. Eight, as an abstract number:
ishumi cUncsihozo, eighteen; izilya ezisibozo,
eight vessels; igiisha yesihozo, the eighth
sheep. Adv. kasibdzo, eight times. Cf. isi-
Mbcxo.
ukut'i-BozoIoIo, V. i. To subside; to calm
down; to feel faint; to be ashamed, dis-
appointed after having been angry.
Bu, (a) Pron. suhj. of 7 cl. : iibiikuaikani
buyapela, tlie kingdom is coming to an
end; ubiikosi bake bukidti, his authority is
great, (b) Pron. ohj. : hulnJilc ubiideiige bako,
leave off your stupiditj'. (c) Cop. and cause:
hxibo, it is it; kwciiziwc bubiikali, it is done
by sharpness; see Bo. I. (c).
ukut'i-Bu, V. To put upon; to cover over;
wamti-bu, he covered him with a blanket;
utnsebenzi ivc-bu, the work is too much,
cannot be managed.
ukut'i-Bu, V. i. To make a hollow noise:
uvisinga ivenyosi we-bu, the bees are swarm-
ing; yati-bu intoiiga, the stick made the
sound bu when thrown.
Bucala, Adv. Aside, see i-Cala.
uku-B'UB'A, V. i. To become extinct; to be
annihilated; to perish, die, exjjire, cease to
be. n. 8. Extinction.
u-Bubani, n. I. Lit. 'die you!' Bubonic
plague. The word is a punning form of
the Eng. v/ord ' bubonic'
im-Bubo, w. 3. Destruction.
uku-Bubela, v. To pei-ish, etc., in a certain
place or among certain people: ubiibele
ciidlwini or ckaya, he died in the house, or
at his home ; in the pass, to be bereaved :
lomfazi ivabujelwa. figumntwarm, this wo-
man was bereaved of a child.
— Bublsa, pass, bujiswa. v. To cause to
perish, etc.; to destroy; to annihilate,
kill, degrade, depose, make useless, in-
valid: isifo esibub'isayo, a deadly sickness;
indlu ibujisiwc, the house, i.e. marriage,
is dissolved; zinkosi, nibujiswe Jigubaiii-iiaf
who has deposed you, sii's?
um-Bubisi, n. 1. A destroyer.
im-Bubisa, n. 3. Perdition, destruction.
uSli's^';,^.] Destruction. ^
uku-Buba, and uku-Bubaza, v. t. To press a J
thing together; make^ uniform, equally
thick; to prevent, hinder from speaking.
— Bubana, v. To fall together; indlu,
ibubcne, the house has altogether tumbled \
down, is ill ruins. 1
— Bubaka, v. To be pressed together, like 1
an old dish, I
45
BU
Bube, Ahx. in forming the compound tenses,
7 cl. : ubukiDttkani bttbc b'lfika, contrac. bcbuii-
ka, the kingdom was or has been arriving;
iibusi (bu) behuya kudlhva, the honey was
going to be eaten.
i-Bubesi, n. 2. Beast of prey, espec. the male
lion.
Bubo, Ccptila and causal relationship, 7 cl.
It is it; see Bu and Bo (c).
isi-Bubu, n. 4. A thorny plant.
i-BUBU, u. 2. A swarm of bees, clustered
together and making a noise; fig. a pro-
miscuous number of people together, mak-
ing a humming noise, like a swarm of bees.
uku-Bubula, v. To hum; to low in a low
tone, as an ox ; to growl in a low tone, as
a leopard, lion or dog; fig. to mutter
dissent or reluctant consent ; to muse,
meditate.
u-BubuIo, ;/. 5. Humming, lowing.
uku-BubuHsa, v. To make to hum, etc.
— Bubulisana, v. To make one another to
hum, etc.
i-Bubulufa, n. 2. A big, burly person.
uku-Bubu!uza, v. i. To sidle, creep through
or under a narrow opening.
uku-Bubuza, v. i. from ukut't-Bu. To buzz,
hum like bees; to make a noise like a pair
of bellows, or as a bird fluttering ; to chatter,
prattle.
i-Biibuzela, n. 2. A chattering, prating
fellow;^/. People without a chief.
uku-Buca, V. t. (a) To attempt, (b) To mix
together with the hand, as mortar, porridge,
paste; to blend colours; to kneai bread;
fig. to search diligently.
— Bucabuca, v. To attempt frequently; to
work single handed at a thing which is
too much for one.
— Bucela, v. Em. to mix for: bucela utywala,
mix for beer,
ukut'i-Bu cu, V. t. To finish off quite, cf.
ukut'i-PiicH.
uku-Biicula, v. t. To crush a soft thing, as an
insect, under foot.
uku-B'UDA, V. i. To be delirious; to wander
in delirium; to speak incoherently, in dream
or fever.
um-Budi, n. I. A mad person.
uku-Budabiida, v. To confuse by hurrying;
to catch at quickly bat ineffectually; to
scramble; fig. to interrupt another while
speaking; to snatch, grasp, seize.
i-Budabuda, n. 2. One who snatches away
or up; fig. a partially insane person; one
suffering from delirium tremens.
BU
uku-Budela, v. To speak nonsense to : uiiga-
li'idcU kuiii, do not speak nonsense to me. !
- Budelana, v. To walk closely together,
pell mell, not iii order; to rush madly into
one place, \ying with each other, as
bullocks into the entrance of a kraal or
to a heap of maize; to struggle with each
other.
— Budeleka, v. To press in and out fre-
quently.
— Budisa, t'. To sham madness: uyazilm-
disa, he pretends to be delirious; to make
mad ; pass, to be mad.
uku-Budla, ■;). /. To blow hard (wind).
ukut'i-Budubudii, v. t. To do a thing hastily.
i-Budubu:>'.!, u. 2. One who does a thing
hastily ; a partially insane man ; one suffer-
ing from delirium, one who is crazy.
isi-Budubudu, ;/. 4. One passing in and
out frequently.
ubu-Budubiidu, ti. 7. Hastiness, used as
adv: ji fit nil hubuditbudii, he searches here
and there, round about, and that hastily.
uku-Buduza, v. To act hastily, unadvisedly;
to blunder, stumble; to be in haste in
catching birds.
— Buduzela, v. To act confusedly; to do a
thing hastily, so that it has no effect; of
a multitude, to crowd around a man or
object, each one striving to get a sight of
the central attraction.
ukut'i-Bududu, v. i. To fail down, us. as adv. :
lento hvc biidiidii, this tiling fell suddenly.
i-Buje, n. 2. A tall proportionately-built man.
u-BujIso, 11. 5. see iiku-Buba.
u-Buka, //. I. A climbing plant which is
weaved into doors. A girl on reaching the
marriageable period is washed with water
in which u-Biika has been macerated. She
binds it also to the doors of the calves' and
cattle enclosures, and sprinkles the calves
with it and gives them an infusion of it,
that they may become strong, be always
fat and never cast their young; a woman
who has miscarried is washed with this
water.
uku-BUKA, V. t. To fondle, to prize a thing
so much that one cannot part with it, hence,
BU
and cannot part with them; uyazibuka esi-
pUir.i, he admires himself in the looking
glass; siyakubuM ! all hail!
i-Buka, n. 2. A frugal person, a sparing
one; fem. ibukakazi; dimin. ibukana.
i-Bukazana, «. 2. A female child who
will not readily part with her playthings.
im-Buko, ?/. 3. ) T- J , r ^
u-Buko, //. 5. ] Fondness, deference, from
admiration of character.
uku-Bukana, v. To look on each other
with pleasure, as when friends meet.
im-Bukwano, n. 3. Mutual fondness.
uku-Bukeka, v. To be preferred; to be
comely, beautiful. 11. 8. Frugality, parsi-
mony.
— Bukisa, v. To cause or make to look on
with pleasure.
— Bukula, V. Used of a cow, sheep or
goat refusing to let her little one suck;
imazi iyibiikiile inkonyana, the cow will not
have the calf, pushes it away; a bird
forsaking her eggs or young, because
they have been touched in her absence;
to renounce, disown; recently applied to
people: indoda inibiikide iinifazi ivayo, the
man dislikes, turns away his wife; baiii-
bukiila namhla, to-day they disown him.
— Bukuza, V. To have a disinclination for;
to dislike or reject a husband or certain
food, as pregnant women do; to cast off
as a wound any extraneous matter.
u-Bukuzo, «. 5. Sickness of cattle shewn
by yellowness of the skin, and caused by
eating some unhealthy bush.
um-Bukuza, ;/. 6. Food which is disliked.
i-Bukubuku, //. 2. A swarm of bees, clustered
on a tree when resting during their flight;
many common people meeting together in
crowds.
isi-Bukubukwana, «. 4. A short, stout thing,
block of wood; fig. a short, stout child.
uku-Bukuca, v. t. (a) To squeeze a thing
out, cf. uku-Cikida and ukn-P'icota. (b) To
g\Q^r\,^'iikii-B'ikica.
im-Bukuca. n. 3. Squeezing out; fig. vex-
atious treatment.
to be frugal ; to speak friendly with one on ' uku-BukuIa, etc. See under iikit-Biika.
the road; to receive and entertain strangers uku-BukuIa, v. t. To trip or throw down
in a friendly way by preparing and pro-
viding every comfort for them; to look on
with pleasure, prefer, admire: ndiyamhiikn
lomntivdua, I am fond of that child ; ndiya-
yibuka iiiyaiiga, I look with pleasure on the
moon; uyazibuka czonto, he likes those things
suddenly.
— Bukuleka, v. To be thrown : inyamakazi
yabiikiileka, the game was thrown down
(by a stone etc.), got up and fell again, got
up and ran away.
ukut'i-Bukulubukulii, v. To roll down.
BU
uku-B'UKUQA, v. t. To overthrow, put up-
side down ; to cause to fall ; to upset : ivayi-
buhiqa lomizi, he overthrew those cities ; to
pour food out of a pot; fig. to deceive, get
people to do a thing to their injury or
destruction; to act the impostor.
im-Bukuq;, n. 3. An impostor.
u-Bukuqo, n. 5. Overthrow, destruction.
um-Bukuqo, n. 6. Imposture.
uku-Bukuqeka. t'. To be fallen or turned
over, as a vessel or boat ; to be destroyed.
— Bukuqela, v. To fall on, or in a certain
place: babukuqehve yinqivdo, the wagon
fell on them.
ukut'i-Bukuqu, v. To rush, fall upon: bate-
buhiqu phu kivahe, they rushed upon him,
felled him down ; bamt'i-biikuqu, they threw
him down.
isi-Bukutu, ;/. 4. A person or thing very fat
in the face.
im-Bukwano, see uku-Buka.
i-Bula, n. 2. Scab in goats and sheep.
uku-B'ULA, V. t. (a) To thrash or beat out
corn with sticks, bullocks or horses : baya-
bula inqolowa, they thrash out wheat; fig.
to cause to forsake, (b) To try, or help to
bring out, ascertain, discover the person
who caused any man's sickness, by beating
the ground with sticks in response to the
incantations of the witchdoctor.
isi-Bulo, n. 4. Stick for thrashing out corn
or beating the ground; a flail; fig. an
irritating speech.
uku-Buleka, v. To hi easily thrashed:
inqolowa iyabiilek 1, the wheat comes out
nicely in the thrashing.
— Bulela, V. To thrash out for: ndibiilele,
lit. thrash (your bag) for me, i.e. give me
some tobacco.
isi-Bulelo, n. 4. The floor or place on
which any thing is thrashed out.
uku-Bul.isa, I ^^ ^^^,gg ^^ ^I^^^gl^ o^t
— Bulisisa, 3
to assist in thrashing: nkubulisa iblati, to
beat the bush with sticks or to fire into
it to drive out the ' game ; fig. to try
to find out a thing by putting leading
questions.
-BuUsana, | ^ ; ^^^^ ^^^^^^. j,^
— Bulis:sana, j
thrashing: siyabulisaiin fi/ia, we help one
another in thrashing.
uku-BULA, V. t. To declare one's sentiments
freely, as a young couple in respect to each
other; to confess immorality: bula! i.e.
.confess your incest, is said to circumcised
BU
boys when they heal slowly, in which case
they are understood to have been guilty of
impurity with relatives; bula! confess your
incest, is said to a woman in child-bed and
to her husband, when the child refuses to
take the breast, which according to their
superstition is caused by the man or woman
having been unfaithful in heart at least;
mbeteni abide, beat her that she may confess;
tizibide iigokwake, he or she has confessed
himself or herself guilty ; umfazi ivake wazi-
bida, his wife confessed herself guilty, (not
to be confounded with wazibida, she gave
birth to her first child). Ukubida was limited
formerly to confessing incest, it is now
extended to confession of impurity, even
dreams about the im-Pundtdu, etc.
u-Biilo, 11. 5. Confession of incest.
um-Bul3, n. 6. Formerly this word was
limited to incest, but is now extended
almost to all impurity; an inordinate
desire ; fornication.
uku-Bulela, v. Lit. to manifest the mind
to, i.e. to give thanks, express gratitude
for a favour: nddibidele hiye ilizwi, I thank
him for the word. Phr. akiihidelwa kaoayo,
thanks are not recorded to the living but
to the dead.
isi-Bufelo, 71. 4. An expression of gratitude,
the gift by which gratitude is expressed.
u-Bule|a,«.5. I Thanksgiving.
um-Bulelo, «. 6. ) ^ t.
uku-Buleleka, v. To be thanked for,
worthy of thanks,
— Bulelela, v. To thank for or on behalf
of another for favours bestowed: ndiya-
mlndelela, I return thanks for him.
— Bulelisa, v. To cause or make one to
thank.
— Bulisa, V. (a) To greet or salute: ukuba
babidislle kiisasa, barigabi sabidisa emini,
when they have greeted in the morning,
they may no more greet in day-time, (b)
To make, cause, force to confess incest
by beating.
isi-BuIiso, n. 4. An expression of greeting.
u-Bulisp, n. 5. I Greeting, saluting.
um-Buhso, «. 6. j ^' ^
uku-Bulisana, v. To greet mutually.
— Bulisela, v. To give greetings for an-
other: tindibtilisclc kuye, gwQ my greetings
to him, remember me to him.
— Bulisisa, v. To cause to greet.
— Bulisisana, v. To cause to greet each
other.
47
BU
uku-BULALA, v. t. n.
murder, a'so used oi'iiri
ter and of !e,;;il and
to cause pain or injiu"
to destroy, break in pi
biihr^m
use :
';:tIako
To kili
lediiatedslau-h-
ilable Iiomicide;
llict grievously ;
, render unfit for
■bula'a, my head pains me;
srbcnzii, I hurt niyscif by
1 liU
iti
eat):
himself too mach (
3. A murderei
iidazibuhila i/gokus. ih'
liard working; ihi:!!i
the sun killed all th
iiyozihidalj, he exert:
in vain.
um-Bulali, ;?. I.
im-Bulali bantu, //.
isi-Bulala-mntu, ;/.
slayer, assassin, destroi'er.
im-Bula!o, ;/. 3. Murder; (expresses all
meanings of the verb).
isi-Bulalo, ;/. 4. Any magical instrument
of death; the same as nhu-Ti.
um-Bulawa, u. I. A murdered one.
i-Bulawo. «. 2. ■( p .,. _,,„.,,,, ,^,,.,
im-Bulawo, //. 3. i ' "^"^^'^'' ™-'^-
slaughter, caused through charms.
isi-Biilawo, ;/. 4. The supposed cause of
sickness or murder through incantaiion
or charms.
:uiother.
ii-Bulavi'o, ;/. 5. M.
iiku-Bulalana, i'. 1
— Bulaieka, 7'. T
injured; to be ex'
am exhausted ; I .
is gone.
im-BuIaleko, v. 3.
LLboai
uku-Bu!alekela, v.
To lab
— Bu!a!ela. v. lo !;
:i!l for <
Iwa and w.iluhiw:
':l:< ' /'.
for us; 'iv,-;l':ihvi\
kca .-.
killerl at King Wi:
ii's. Tov
-Bulalisa, %k To
cause t
cause to be pat to death.
— Bulalisisa, v. To car.s,e to be put to
death.
j-Bulawa, n. 2. A p'ant, Sebaea crassuiaefo-
lia, C. & Siii., used for snake-bites and
stitches.
isi-Biiielo. isi-BuIo. see ukii-Buhi.
isi-Bulelo, isi Bnliso, u-Bulo etc. See id-u-
Bula.
i-BULORO, ;/. 3. A bridge. From Da, brug.
im-Bulukudti, //. 3. A sudden charge or
attack.
i-BULUKWE, ;.'. 3. A pair of trousers; from
Du. brock.
uku-Bulula, V. I. To strip off.
i-Bulu!u, //. 2. A specially thick puffadder 1
(so called from its creejiiiig).
BU
, ukut'i-Buliilu, V. i. To undress; to put down
ail one's clothes; to strip off all leaves from
a twig; fig. to be thin, v/atery (food*, or
small (beer).
; im-BuIunibu!u, w. 3. A round globe-like
substance, like the eyeball.
im-BuIunga, ;.'. 3. A ball made of soft
material, such as cow dung, or ground
maize; a dumpling, pudding.
uku-Buiisn^a, v. i. (a) To treat gently (a
I child); to pat. (b) To overlook faults; to
connive; to suffer evil to exist unchecked.
um-BuIungi, ;/. I. One who treats gently,
pats, or who v/inks at injustice.
isi-Bu!ungo, ;/. 4. An act by which one
treats a child gently, or approves or
' over-looks faults.
um-BuIungo, n. 6. Gentle treatment, pat-
' ting; tacit approval of evil.
isi-Eul>valwa, n. 4. An extended surface of
tlaL rocks; see n-Lwahva.
ukr.t'i-Bunia, v. i. To fall with a crash (a
houoc) ; to fall with violence or on some-
thin.;, to sit on the bare ground; fig. to
perii..li completely.
uku-Bl.'MB'A, •;'. .'. pass, buiijwa. To work
clay into shape, i.e. into earthen vessels;
to mould bricks: -auibHudu'i imb'iza, he made
pots; to work moist cattle-dung into balls;
lig. iiikabi yalni'Ji'.'d zcziuyc, tlie ox was put
between others; ukubiauba amaiiga, to form
lies; Hknbiiuiba amanyala, to cover up the
evil deeds of one. ;/. 8. uhiibiiiijiva kwetii,
our frame.
um-Bumbi, ,v. I. Potter.
i-Bumba, //■. 2. Clod-prepared pot-clay.
im-Bumba, ;/. 3. (a) An unshapen mass:
aiiichlo ak'j aiidibona iidiscyitiibuniba, Thine
eyes did see my substance, yet being
imperfect.
(b) Dung near a h'.it consisting of pieces
which h::' , " \'.ssivcly applied to
the bo(f. ill for the purpose
of remo .• • s
im-Bumba yar.ianyama, ;.'. 3. The scrap-
ings from the ir.side of the skin, from
which all forms of snuff-boxes are made;
as phrase: a ball of scrapings, i.e. unity
is strength.
uku-Bumbana, v. To be united with each
other; to love 0110 another heartily.
— Buiiibela, v. To shape for ; to cover v.'hat
is bad by putting the good around it; to
shield one by gathering around him.
isi-Bumbu, ;/. 4. Mens veneris.
48
BU
im-BumbuIu, n. 3. Any round thing, shaped
like a ball; a bullet; a round fruit, as an
apple; amabuinbuln ainehlo, eyeballs; fig. the
case which in some fruits contains the seed
a peremptory order, or the essence of a
thing to which the attention is directed
nantso-ke imbumbiilu endininlkayo, mhani nayo,
there is the order I give you, depart with it.
uku-Biimbuta, v. i. (a) To beat (cattle) hard
•with. Siwin-Duku. (b) A\\\e.Ato uk.i-Bavibata:
to strike gently, generally with a flat sur-
face, as a heap of earth with a spade to
give it an even surface ; or a child with the
open hand to quiet it, to make it sleep;
hence to appease, soothe, conciliate.
Bum in i, adv. Lately; see i-Mini.
ukut'i-Bumtse, v. i. To stand firmly, either
lit. or fig.
uku-BUNA, V. ?. To fade, wither, flag, droop:
amagqabi abunile, the leaves are withered.
ira-Bune, n. 3, Sweet-cane, apples or other
fruit which, having been put away for a
time in a suitable place, becomes softer
and sweeter.
uku-Bunisa, *•. To cause to fade, make to
wither.
um-Bundane, n. 6. The cut-worm, a grub
that destroys young maize when sprouting.
um-Bund!u, n. 6. A young dog, which cannot
yet follow the old ones; dimin. umbundlivane,
a dog about se ven days old.
um-Bund(i, ?/. 6. Any raised part on the
floor, espec. the circular raised border or
edge of the fire-place; recently used for
threshhold, step; dimin. um-bundwarta.
i-BunduIana, ;/. 2. A slight ascent. (See
in-Duli).
Bunga, V. prefix, 7 cl. sing, of Potent mood:
ubuninyama bungapela, darkness may end.
2. Pres. tense 7 cl. sing, of ukiiSga (a)
and (b).
3. Aiixil. 7 cl. sing, of Condit. mood: ubu-
tataka bako bunga wonakalisa lomsebenzi, your
laziness would spoil this work.
4. A'^^. verb. pref. 7 cl. sing, of dependent
and relat. sentences: palaza ntyivala tikuze
bungasehva, pour out the beer that it may
not be drunk; wandibonisa^iibubele obiinga-
telekiyo, he showed me kindness which cannot
be^expressed ; andof ConJit. mood: obuboini
tigebtingalahlwa, this life should not be
thrown away.
i-Bunga, 11. 2. Rotten wood; fig. an old,
done-up man.
G 49
BU
uku-B'UNQA, V. i. To come together; to
consult one another in secret council, to
take secret council together.
i-Bunga, n. 2. Council of a chief or of a
district; private consultation; hence.
Board: ibiinga lesU'ili, Divisional Council.
i-Bungane, H. 2. (a) Buzz, secret talk; a
degree of madness; 2t\50=^i-Bunga. (b)
General name for beetles; a large beetle
which makes a buzzing sound when fly-
ing: ndifike kulila ibungane, I arrived
when there was no one at home, when
the only sound was the droning of the
beetle.
uku-Bungisa, v. To cause to hold a secret
council.
um-Bungashe, n. 6. Medicinal plant for colds
and coughs, Lichtensteinia interrupta E.
Mey.
uku-Bungca, (a) v. i. To escape alone under
very dangerous circumstances: mna ndibii-
ngce ngamabonandenzile, I have escaped
through great efforts; to pass unobserved,
(b) V. t. Of a man or dog, to be the first to
reach the game which has been shot:
ivayibiivgca imbabala, he reached the antelope
first; to take away what another has shot
without telling him.
— Bungcabungca, v. To escape successive-
ly, as one who evades several enemies.
Bunge, Neg. verb. pief. 7 cl. sing, (a) of
Potent, mood: ubukosi bunge- (fr. abunge-)
delwa, the chieftainship may not be despised,
(b) Before, ka, ko, and na : beza bungekafiki
ubusiiku, they came before nightfall; ndalala
pcrntsi bungeko ubutongo, I lay down without
sleeping; akuko butyebi buiigenakupela, there
are no riches which do not come to an end.
um-Bungela, «. l. One who does not reside
at a chief's village.
Bungela, n. 2. A common man, not a chief
or councillor, one who has not served at
court.
uku-Bungeze!a, v. i. To wag its tail, as a
dog manifesting pleasure at meeting its
owner; to fawn; to entertain joyfully or
hospitably; to receive kindly by showing
pleasure in meeting a friend.
u-Bungezelo, n. 5. Friendliness, attention,
politeness,
i-BungezeIwano,«.2 I ^^ j f^j^„^_
u-Bungezelwano, n. 5. j
liness, pleasure on meeting after a long
separation.
BU
isi-Bungu, ti. 4. A kind of earth maggot
which bites; a mite found in beer, produced
from the egg of ii-Bdngempandeni.
um-Bungu, h. 6. Tree maggot found in dry
wood; dimin. um-Buugivana.
ukut'i-Bungubungu, v. i. To dangle, wave.
uku-Bunguzela, v. To creep like a cat, or
with a wriggling motion like a snake.
ukut'i-Bungubungu, v. i. To grow quickl}^
(child, cloud).
i-Bungubiingu, n. 2. A tall, sturdy, young
person who is still growing.
isi-Bungu, n. 4. A young woman whose
breasts are protuberant; dim. isihiingwa-
zana, a girl of about twelve years, whose
breasts are just forming.
i-Bunguza,'«. 2. A cudgel with a large head
and short handle, a knobkerrie with a large
knob for throwing at game.
im-Bunguzulu, n. 3, Anything incomparably
valuable.
uku-Buntsha, v. i. To go or wander about
for nothing ; to be a loafer.
izi-Bunu, n. A. pi. The posteriors or seat;
as adj. : steep.
um-Bunu, «. 6. Euphem. for iim-Nqundu.
um-Bunu wenyat?, «. 6. Euphem. name
for the tree um-Nqundu u
ukut'i-Bunyu, "^
uku-Bunya, (
uku-Bunyula,
uku-BunyuluIa
the bark of a tree, or as the skin when burnt ;
to strip, tear off the clothes or weapons
from a fallen foe; to plunder: izihauge zain-
hiinyiila inguho, the robbers stripped him of
his clothes.
uku-BunyuIisa, v. To cause to strip,
plunder, etc. : zvazilmnyulisa, he made him-
self a prey.
i-Bunzi, n. 2. Forehead; loc. ehnnzi, on the
forehead; fig. a precursor.
uku-B'UQA, V. i. To destroy or trample down
in eating, as cattle in a garden; to follow
in the track of those of a party or army
who preceded; fig. to act rigorously or
harshly, unjustly or hurriedly; to make
havoc, as one possessed of power and
authority; uynsihiiqa, he writhes; iiyazibuqa-
huqa, he wallows.
ura-Buql, u. I. A robber.
um-Buqwa, //. I. One ruined, wrecked.
T.^il'ql^l'.'s: ] Destruction; that which is
done or said unjustly by a powerful
opponent.
> V. t. To skin clean off, as
BU
uku-Buqeka, v. To become hard, solid by
trampling ; to be destroyed : imihlaha uhu-
gckile, the land is beaten hard; intsinii
ihuqekile, the garden is destroyed.
— Buqisa, v. To cause to trample down;
to drive the cattle into the fields already
harvested, which is always done as soon
as the latest corn has been removed; fig.
to hasten ; to cause to make haste.
im-Buqu, n. 3. Hasty, eager search ; rashness.
uku-Buquza, v. i. To be in such a hurry
or haste, as to prevent the efficient
performance of an action or enterprize.
— Buquzisa, v. To cause perturbation
from a hasty action.
ubu-Bufu, M. 7. Stealing cattle from neigh-
bours and slaughtering them. They must be
slaughtered and eaten, otherwise they are
not iibu-Buhi.
i-Buruma, ti. 2. One who eats a great deal,
even raw meat; one with a big belly; an
improvident man who goes about expecting
to obtain food from other people without
exerting himself.
uku-Bufuza, V. i. To vomit or belch; to
speak loudly, ^ngv\\y; = ukH-Bdroza.
uku-Busa, Caus.form of uhi-Biika. To wait on
a chief or king by personal service, which
is a great honour among Kafirs; to serve a
superior unconditionally: ndahusa kuye, or
ndamhusn, I served him (the chief); also,
espec. in Zulu, to rule : inkosi iyahiisa, inkunzi
iyahusa.
um-Busi, w. I. Servant at court; an un-
conditional servant; one who serves with-
out having made any previous engage-
ment, either as to time or wages.
um-Buso, n. 6. Court service, unconditional
service; religion; also the Go/ernment.
uku-Busela, v. To serve for one or in a
particular place.
uku-Busha. ^
— Bushula-z6, ' . ^ ,. ,
-Bushuza-ze. { "■ '• To go naked.
— Bushuzela-z6, j
— Bushuiisa, v. To make naked, strip,
deprive, plunder.
\m.-Bushumhixshu, = im-B]shimhishi.
uku-BU T'A, V. i. To gather, collect together:
huta atnahashe, get the horses together; huta
izikwe'iu ezkvileyo, pick up, glean, harvest
the ears which have fallen down; tikuhuta
amaloiigo, to collect dry dung for fuel. {Phr.
wsuke abnte inca yonke, he gathers all kinds
Qf grass, i.e. he is too stupid to understaod.
50
BU
the differences between things, v. i. To
lie down together, as cattle : inkomo zihutile,
the cattle have come together and lie
comfortably together ; to congregate : ahantu
hayahtita enkosini, the people are gathering
and sitting comfortably together at the
chief's.
um-Buti, n. I. A gatherer, collector:
utnhuti wonikelo, or woqolo, or werafu, a
tax gatherer.
i-Butd, «. 2. Things gathered, a company
of people, a regiment or squad of soldiers ;
a flock, herd of cattle formed or produced
in one season.
u-Butd, «. 5. The work or act of gathering.
um'-Bu^t6/«.\l ^" assembly for social or
other intercourse: indawo yemhuto, market
place.
uku-Butana, v. To come, assemble, stay
together.
— Buteka, v. To be fit for being collected;
intaka zihutekile, the birds are gathered
together, ti. 8. iikuhutek kwamahashe, a
gathering of horses.
— Butela, V To gather, collect, congregate
for, at or about, in a special place:
hahutela kuye, they came crowding near
or about him. Phr. uyabutela ahandakanye,
he gathers (indiscriminately) and joins
together, i.e. he makes no distinction be-
tween things that differ, he is very stupid.
i-Butela, ?/. 2. A gathering or congregating.
im-Butelo, n. 3. The place of gathering.
uku-Butelana. v. To gather together in
one place.
— Butlsa, V. Applied to cattle which are
reduced by poverty and hunger, and are
no longer able to rise from the place
where they lie down or have fallen:
inJt.ihi ibiitisile, lit. the ox has gathered
itself together, i.e. it has lain down to die.
To gather: iiyihuttsa pina imihlambi?
where dost thou gather the flocks .'
— Butisana, v. To lie down together to die.
— Butuma, v. To lie down on the belly,
as cattle; to sit low putting the arms
between the knees, or having them rest-
ing on th' thighs and the chin on the
knees; to lie down under a burden, not
bearing up.
im-Butumbutu, w. 3. A conflux of up-
roarious people ; uproar, confusion, as in
a disorganized army.
u-BuTi, n. '. Brother, a title of respect given
to the younger men (from the Dutch.)
BU
im-ButAsana, «. 3. A stumpy youth: imbutu-
sana yenkwenkwe, a short stumpy boy;
imhiiiusana yomfana, a stumpy young man.
ukut'i-Bututu, V. i. To suddenly crouch or
fall down : ingonyama ite-bututu, the lion has
crouched.
uku-Butya, v. i. To seek or track unsuccess-
fully; to look unavailingly for work; to
imitate.
i-Butye, n. 2. A talkative, nonsensical
person, whose speech cannot be under-
stood: pi. unusual sounds.
uku-Butyabutya, n. To be a busybody
without effecting anything; to act with-
out vigour.
— Butyana, v. To struggle or co itend with
each other.
im-Butye, n. 3. Dying in great numbers. .
ukut'i-B'UTYU, v. i. Of a sore, to burst:
isilonda site-butyu, the tumour has burst.
Butyubiityu, adj. Soft from rotting: izi-
qhmo zibutyubutyu, the fruit is soft and
rotten from being carried.
i-Butyubutyu, n. 2. An inefficient person,
acting without vigour; an unlucky, un-
fortunate person ; dimin. ibutyiilmiywana.
ubu-Butyubiityu, ». 7. Inefficiency.
uku-Butyuka, v. To be opened up, burst
up: isilonda sain sibutyukile, my sore has
burst.
— Butyula, v. To rub the skin up and down
the back of the fingers till it comes off;
to work something between the fingers
and the thumb, so as to open it up; to
break up from inflammation.
— Butyulana, v. To rub the skin on the
back of each other's fingers, as children
do, professing to bring a bean out of
them; to work in something with the
fingers : ndimhle kakulu, andinako tihibiityu-
lana nodaka, I am very pretty, I cannot
be kneading mud.
— Butyuza, v. To search for a missing
thing by scraping the ground with the
feet; to muddle; to miss in catching
an ox with a riem; to be bereft of
children, =^M/c//;:y^ yinzalo.
im-Buwa, a plant; see i-Mbhva.
uku-Buxa, V. t. To dabble in mud; mus'
ukuhiixa udaka, do not tramp in the mud.
ukut'i-Buxe, v. i. To be fixed, stand firm,
both lit. and fig. : isibonda sile-buxe, the pole
stands firm.
i-Buxenge, n. 2. One who is poor, utterly
destitute.
51
BU
uku-BUYA, V. i. (a) To go back, return:
uhuye phia ? whence did you return ? ttdibuye
kuye, I returned from him; ivahuya umva^
he went back, turned his back; fidahiiya
umva, I turned backwards-- uku-Hlcfila. (b)
To come again, to repeat an action, us. as
adverb "again", in negative sentences "no
more": ndabuya tidatl, again I said; ihashe
libuye lafiiiiyamva, the horse has been found
again ; ndohuya ngani, I shall come past you
and to you; akuyi kuha sahuye uvtiye, thou
shalt no more rejoice. Phr. ukuhuya tigezi-
tende, to revert, to go back to what was
said or done before; ukuhuya nocango, to
close the door partially, i.e. to retire; isiknni
si'buya nomkwezeli, the firebrand returns with
him who fires it, i.e. he falls into his own
snare, the biter is bitten.
isi-Buya, w. 4. (a) A person who is unde-
cided or in doubt as to what course he
should take: hasisibuya, they are closed
in, at a loss; lonintu nstike zvasibuya, this
person is bewildered or perplexed, (b)
Em. The enclosure to which anything
returns from the Held, = isi-Baya.
u-Buyo, n. 5. Return.
ubu-Buya, n. 7. Change: unobuhuyj, is said
of a man whose wrath subsides, who is
soon reconciled.
i-Buyamb6, n. 2. Change (e.g. from a
season of drought and scarcity to a season
of rain and plenty) : andinabuyambd, I do
not change,
uku-Buyabuya, v. To go forward and
backward repeatedly; to return frequent-
ly-
— Buyela, c To return to or for, as to
the house formerly occupied: ndabuycla
kuye, I returned to him ; ndambuyela lonintu,
I returned for this man's benefit or com-
fort; to go back for a thing again.
— Buyelana, r. Lit. to return to one
another; to be reconciled to one
another; to settle mutually; to tran-
quillize one another: hebexahene, ke ngoku
sebebuyelenc, they were bad friends with
each other, but now they are again on
good terms.
— Buyelela, r. To return on the same day
to the place from which one started.
— Buyisa, v. To make to come or go back,
or cause to return, etc. ; to giv^e, bring or
carry back: buyisa izembe lam, bring back
my hatchet; fig. to restore, repay: mak :-
yibuyise lonto abcyitatile, he must restore
that thing which he had taken away.
BU
um-Buyisi. w. i. A restorer ; one who turns
a person back.
uku-Buyisana, v. To cause one another to
return ; to appease each other.
— Buyisela, r. To cause to return to the
same place; to restore to; to recompense,
repay for or to: wabuyisekva endaweni
yake, he was restored to his place, office.
um-Buyiseli, n. I. One who makes re-
compense, restitution.
isi-Buyiselo, n. 4. Recompense, restitution.
uku-Buyiselana, r. To restore to each
other: behebuyiselene inkomo ezitinjkveyo,
they gave back on each side the cattle
taken in war.
— Buyiselela, r. To restore to: ndinibuyi-
selela okweminyaka eyadliwa zinkmnbi, I
restore unto you the years that the locusts
have eaten.
— Buyekeza, r. (a) To do a thing over
again; to make or let it go through the
same process, as corn passed twice
through the mill ; hence, to improve.
(b) To give an equivalent; "to requite
evil; to compensate, repay: tidobuyekeza
uJ>ubcle babo, I must recompense their
goodness ; ningabuyekezi uhubi ngohubi, do
not render evil for evil.
im-Buyekezo, «. 3. ^
isi-Buyekezo, n. 4. > Repetition, requital,
um-Buyekezo, n. 6. )
recompense.
uku-Buyabuyekeza, v. To re-iterate.
uku-Buyekezela, v. To requite.
u-Buyi, «, I. A large species of wasp,
Philanthus, that runs about on the veld.
u-Buyomva, n. 5. (from uku-Buyaand um-Va).
Going back morally: tibuyomra lomzi onisu-
ndu yyona nto ibalulekileyo ngalamaxeshn,
the retrogression of the native people is the
most marked movement in these days,
uku-Buza, caus. form of uku-Bula. To ask,
interrogate, inquire, investigate, examine,
question, catechize: buz' indaba, ask the
news; buz' ityala, investigate the guilt;
ndambuza, I asked him, is stronger than
niabuza kuye, I inquired from him.
um-Buzi, n. I. One who questions; an
inquirer.
im-Buzi, /;. 3. One who, when a person is
accused of witchcraft, asks the reasons
on which the is-Anuse grounds the
accusation.
im-Buzo, ;/. 3. Questioning, catechizing.
um-Buzo, ;;. 6. The question which is
under discussion, or that respecting which
information is sought; a question, query.
52
BU
uku-Buzana, v. To question one another;}
inquire of each other. I
•""•^"^ll^ "■ ^ .,; I Mutual interro- |
imi-Buzwano, n. 6. pL J
gation. I
uku-Buzela, v. To inquire for, or after, or j
in behalf of: undibuzele inani lelohashe,
inquire for me the price of that horse ;
yiya kusibuzela komkulu, upate nalenjomhe,
go and inquire on our behalf, taking
with you also this summons.
— Buzisa, V. To make inquiry, of the '
doctors or from idols; ask often, here
and there.
BU
i-Buzisa, n. 2. A catechist.
uku-Buzisana, v. To make inquiry among
each other: ekiihuzisaneni kwaho, while
they questioned together.
— Buzisisa, v. To inquire etc. earnestly,
diligently; to search out.
im-Buzane, n. 3. Gnat, midge.
i-Buzi. n. 2. A rat.
isi-Buzi, n. 4. The rat kind.
im-Buzl, n. 3. The kind of goats originally
belonging to the Kafirs.
uku-Buzubala, v. i. from uku-Buza and uku-
Bal.i. To ask and write down the in-
formation obtained.
r^ represents the dental click, produced by 1 ukut'i-Cabakatsha, v. i. To step or jump
^ pressing the tip of the tongue against j over.
the upper front teeth and gums and drawing u-Cabanga, n. 5. The pit of the stomach ; the
it suddenly away with a smack. It appear:
in seven combinations: —
(I) The simple clicks, as in camagu! and
(2) its aspirated torm c, as in eosi!
(3) The nasalised form of the simple click,
written nc, as in cence. Nouns with the
end of the breastbone ; fig. anguish, anxiety:
unocabanga, he has fear from conscious guilt.
uku-Cabasa, v. i. To walk slowly, softly, in
fe.ir or in valour or in pride.
— Cabacabasa, v. To walk constantly in
fear, etc.
prefix in, formed from verbs beginning with um-Cabo, n. 6. A plot of ground recently
c make inc: as uk.iclta, tncito. I cleared of grass and underwood ; a clearing.
(4) The voiced click, in which a g sound uku-CACA, v. i. To be clear, to clear up,
is heard, written gc, as in gcoba. open to view : ibala licacile, the colour is
(5) The nasalised form of the voiced distinct ; intaka icacile ekudubuleni, the bird
click written tigc, as in ngcwele. Nouns with can be clearly seen for firing at; to be clear
the prefix in-, formed from verbs begin- in one's talk: iicacile ekuteteni, he speaks
ning with c, make ing:-: as uhicinga, ingci- clearly. Alv. ngohicacileyo, clearly, plainly.
nga. The plurals of nouns of class 5, whose — Cacisa, v. To enlighten, make clear,
stems begin with c, also take ingc-, as isi-Cac!s3, n. 4. A clearing up.
u-cango, ing caugo. uku-Cacisela, v. To explain, instruct, re-
(6) The liquid click, in which an « sound late, narrate for or to, in a clear way.
is heard, written nc as in nceda. uku-C'ACA, v. i. To be convalescent: lomntu
(7) The aspirated form of the liquid click, uyacaca, this person is getting better, is
written nc as in inch. improving in health.
Ca! Interj. Em. ^o\=Hayi. u-Caca, n. 7. Convalescence: waba hucaca,
in-Ca, n. 3. Grass. Phr. ndihkli pezu kwenca, he was or became convalescent.
I have the menses ; cf. uni Zi. \ uku-Cacisa, v. To heal : inlUziyo evuyileyo
izi-Ca, n. 4. pl.= in-Ciyo. \ iyalungisa icac'iss, a merry heart does good
um-Caba, n. 6. Em. Kafircorn boiled and I like medicine.
ground, eaten dry or with milk or beer in-Caca, n. 3. That which is green, unripe :
poured over it. ^ inqolowj. encaca, green wheat.
ukut'i-Caba, v. i. To be flat, as a flat stone or uku-Cacamba, v. i. To burst open, as a ripe
the top of a table ; of a woman, to squat on bean-pod.
the ground. ubu-Cacambela, «, 7. Love for gaudiness,
isi-Caba, n. 4. Any thin flat thing, as a \ show, attire, luxury,
plank, cake, or pane of glass. I i-Cacambisa, n. 2. A swell, fop, boaster.
53
uku-Cacamisa, v. t. To hold awhile; to adopt ' ukut'i-Caku,
as a temporary expedient or substitute.
uku-Cacateka, v. i. To shiver with cold or
from fear of um-Shologu ; to shake with
laughter.
i-Cacawe, n. 2. A woman's modesty apron,
made of the small ends of iim-Kwinti ; see
isi-Dimba.
um-Cacazo, w. 6. The hollow running down
the spine on the back.
uku-Cada, v. t. To roast coffee; to fry meat,
etc : amaqanda ayacadzva, the eggs are fried.
in Cagu, II. Z. = i Nca'iH.
ukut'i-Cagucagu, v. i. To walk proudly; to
strut.
uku-Caka, v. t. To divide out food to a
large number; to give a liberal helping of
food ; to serve properly,
isi-Caka, «. 4. Orig. one who served the
chief by bringing the food to his mouth,
and who might be employed in any
responsible duty; now, a servant in its
widest meaning; fern, isicak.ikazi.
isi-Cakazana, w. 4. A servant girl.
ubu-Caka, n. 7. Service.
isa-Caka, >i. 4. An edible tuber.
isi-Cakadi, «. 4. (a) A medicinal plant, used
for women in childbirth, and for opening
the bowels of a newly-born infant, (b) The
dish in which this medicine is kept, (c) An
egg left in a nest after hatching is completed. |
uku-Cakalatela, v. i. To go gently in a row. '
uku-Cakasa, v. t. To disdain, scorn, contemn.
ukut'i-Cakata, v. i. To leap up, as a locust; to
hop, as a bird; to step from stone to stone
in crossing a stream; to arrive, appear.
i-Cakata, n. 2. The Cape Honeysuckle,
Tekoma capensis Lindl.
uku-Cakatisa, v. (a) To bring a thing into
a position where it will readily fall or
break, (b) To be nearly ten, that is nine.
i-Cakatiso, «. 2. I ^. „^i„,,akatiso le-
isi-Cakatiso, «. 4. )
fikomo, I have nine cows. (A tribal word.)
V. t. To pick up with the
ukii-Cakula,
point of a stick; to dip from the surface of
water, etc.; fig. to make light of; to have
no respect for.
i-Cakulo, n. 2. A periwinkle.
um-Cakulo, w. 6. Em. A drinking vessel,
made of a calabash, = h?«-C<?/'^.
uku-Cala, v. t. To draw in the sides: lomntu
ticaLle, this man has his sides drawn in, or
is pinched in appearance.
i-Cala, 11. 2. Side: ecaleni lake, or ecaleni kiiye,
on his side ; ecaleni kwake, beside him ; tige-
cala lasehinene, on the right side; ngecala
lake, on his part ; wahamba cala-nye, he
missed a part of the ground he should have
gone over, either from partiality or laziness,
or any other cause. Dimin. icalana.
bu-Cala, Adv. wahamba bncala, he walked
aside ; wamtl-bucala, he led him aside, kept
aloof.
uku-Calabisa, v. i. To swagger in walking;
to go on tiptoe, or to lift a thing with the
points of the fingers.
uku-Calamba, v. i. To sit or stand in proper
order, in ranks or rows, as at a feast, or in
church, or on parade.
— Calambela, v. To sit or stand in order
etc., in a certain place, or for a certain
purpose.
— Calambisa, v. To place, seat in order,
as at a native repast, etc.
inCaluba, n. 3.~iNca/uba.
u-CALUCALU, n. 5. False distinction, lies.
ubu-Calucalu, «. 7. Invidious talk, prattle,
gossip.
uku-CalucaluIa, ] ^ distinguish be-
— Calula, 3
tween things; to make distinction; to
discern.
ing-Calulo, n. 3. Discerning, distinguishing.
uku-Calucaluza, v. To prattle; to be
loquacious.
uku-Caluza, v. To detail a thing minutely.
ubu-CaJuza, v. y.=ubu-C :lucalii.
Good luck; an acquisition
um-Cako, «. 6. A length or width of skin or
cloth: iiigubo inemicako cmitalu, the dress is inCaluka, «. '^.^i-Ncaluka.
made of three widths; a piece or strip of | i.Cam, ;/. 2. )
land, a clearing. ' ubu-Cam, «. 7.)
in Cakuba. w. i.^i Ncakuha. I which one never thought of, which came
i-Cakucaku, n. 2. A well dressed, affected, by chance, accidentally, fortuitously, rarely.
showy person; a good-looking, embellished | uku-C'AMA. v. i. Euphem. To void urine.
thing. um-Camo, n. 6. Urine.
ubu-Cakucaku, w. 7. Showiness in dress and uku-Camela, v. To void urine on or in a
walking. ' special place or vessel.
54
CA
CAMAQUI Interj. Be appeased or pacified!
be propitious! This is a religious word,
though like our own terms its use is not
restricted to religion.
1. It is addressed to one afflicted with
severe illness, the affliction being supposed
to be sent by his ancestors in displeasure
at something done or left undone, es-
pecially the latter. People entering his hut
exclaim: "Camagu maktibe-hele f ma-
kuhe-cosi! mayikukangele iininyanya yakowenii
neyamatshawe." i.e. "let there be propitious-
ness ! let there be clemency or alleviation !
let the departed of your people and chiefs
look upon you ! " In extreme cases they add
"no-Qattnta makakukangele," "let Qamata
also look at you." Some say " r^rjv, " and
others say " Tixo," instead of "Qamata."
When the three words mentioned here are
used in regard to the sick they amount to a
prayer for the sick with the view of obtain-
ing his recovery.
2. It is addressed to an officiating
witch-doctor. They exclaim: "Camagu
geza!" "be appeased or propitious, frenzied
one!" In such a case we would say in
English " I beg your pardon," or " bear with
me," because it is used when searching or
unpleasant questions are about to be put to
the witch-doctor.
3. In trying to conciliate a displeased
chief, they exclaim: "Camagu, mlile!
akuhlanga ftitoj ingehlanga!" or {lulo or lubi)
lungehlanga, i.e. be pacified, beautiful one ;
nothing or no evil has happened (to you)
that has not happened (to others before
you). In common language ca/iiagu .' is the
same as taru !
i-Camagu, n. 2. The witch-doctor officiat-
ing at a propiatory sacrifice ; a mediator.
ubu-Camagu, n. 7. Divination, using of
charms; propitiation.
uku-Camagusha, v. To propitiate, appease
by a sacrifice the departed ancestors who
are supposed to have caused a person's
sickness.
um-Camagushi, n. I. Propitiator.
ancestor by sacrificing^ an animal on his
behalf; such a proceeding is often con
sidered necessary in order to put one's
house right; propitiation.
uku-Camagushela,uTopropitiatefor,asis
done by the people or witch-doctor for
the sick person.
CA
isi-Camagushelo, n. 4. Used for the mercy-
seat.
u-Camagushelo, ?;. 5. Propitiation: Yena
ulucatnagiishelo Iwezono setu, He is the
propiation for our sins.
uku-Camanga v. i. To form ideas or thoughts ;
to conceive, think, consider, reflect, medi-
tate.
ffi"gl"' ,": 1} Thought, meditation.
uku-Camba, v. t. To appoint, select, choose
one from others for a court messenger, etc.
isi-Cambacamba, n. 4. A person with a very
big body; a corpulent person.
u-Camba, w. 5. pi. ingcamia. A layer of
stone or other material ; a stratum ; a row
of soldiers or books.
ukut'i-Catnbalala, v. To lie as cream on
milk; to lie stretched out in a half drowsy,
indolent manner.
u-Cambalala, n. 5. A stratum, layer, bed.
u-Cambu, n. 5. Cream.
isi-Cambucambu, «. 4. A person with a very
small stomach.
uku-Cambusa, %>. t. To cut a hole by piercing
the ear; to open a blister or boil.
i-Cami, «. 2. Em. The sun.
uku-Camngca, v. i. To speak by oneself
secretly; to ponder, muse, meditate, specu-
late.
isi-Camngc3, «. 4. Meditation, speculation.
uku-Cana, v. t. To hit ths mark: iibuse
jiyicaiiile, you just hit the mark.
in-Cani, n. 3. A good marksman, or shot.
uku-Canaba, v. t. To place over a fire or
hot coals or in the sun; to roast; fig. to
spread, expose in public.
uku-Canca, v. i. To be in row> arranged
in order, as stepping-stones; fij. to move
about from place to place.
— Candisa, v. To place in rows, as stones;
to arrange in order the corrugated iron
sheets for a house, or the laths or props
for a round hut; fig. to narrate in good
order.
— Candisela, v. To arrange for: amasoldati
acanciselwe td'ulwa, the soldiers are put
in battle array.
uku-Cancata, v. i. To step from one stone to
another, or walk on a piece of wood lying
horizontally across a river.
um-Cancatd, n. 6. Stones placed for cross-
ing a stream on ; a bridge; a path where
the traveller has to step warily.
in-Canda, «. 3. = iNcanda.
55
CA
uku-CANDA, V. t. To divide asunder, cleave,
spit: Cauda iukuni, chop the wood; uku-
caud' iimhia'ia, to sarvey; to pass through:
tiddcanda ilizivc, I passed through the land.
um-Candi, n. I. A hewer of wood; one
who chops wood.
um-Canda-tanib6, u. 6. A tree, Schmidelia
decipiens Arii.
uku-Candacanda, v. To divide, pass
through: u'llanga olulizivc liica't hicandur
yimilainbo, a nation whose land the waters
divide.
— Candeka, v. To become split: ukuni
lucaudekile, the wood is split; to be crack-
ed: imb'iza icandekile, the pot is cracked.
— Candela, v. To split for, divide for, etc.
See iim-Galagala.
tcrnd'eVo/'^.'s. ) ^ ^^«^^^^" ^''-^^'^^ f°^
another.
uku-Candlsa, v. To cause or help to split
etc; to make to go through; to go
through: br.candisa niseiiivulciii, they went
even through rain.
uku-Candise!a, v. To cause to pass through
to.
um-Cane, w. 6. A species of forest tree,
Sclerocarya caffra Soiid.
isi-Cangca, ;/. 4. An old, ragged sleeping
mat; fig. anything worn out: umkonzi usisi-
cangca, the servant is worn out, no longer
fit for work; euphem. isicangsa sendlela, a
loose woman.
i-Cangci, ;/. 2. A cymbal, a piece of zinc
sheeting.
uku-Cangcisa, v. To put in a row; = H^.7-
Cancisa.
u-Cang3, ;/. 5. pi. ingcaugo. Door, that is the
thing that closes, distinguished from um-
Nyango, the doorway; fig. the clerk who
shews one into the Magistrate's office.
in-CanI, see iiku-Cana.
um-Cani, ??. 6. The spike or point of grass.
i-Canti, >i. 2. A fabulous snake of many
colours, supposed sometimes to leave the
water and fascinate a person, who becomes
afterwards a doctor. It is said of such an
one: iviecanli, he has the snake, or uhv'isa
tigecaiiti, he is initiated by the snake.
uku-Cantsa, v. I. To guess or make mention
of a sweetheart's name. Word used for
flirting purposes.
— Cantsisa, v. To cause to guess.
— Cantsisana, v. To guess mutually.
CA
u-Canzibe, «. l. The large bright star
Canopus, visible in the southern hemisphere
in winter; the month of May is called eka-
Caiizihe, and is the time for harvesting.
uku-Capa, v. I. To make smooth, soft or
slippery.
ukut'i-C'AP'A, V. i. To touch delicately, to
shine out upon or strike the first rays upon :
ilanga Ui'i-capa ezintaheni, the sun strikes his
rays on the mountains, just after rising
fuliy in the morning; inipukaue ziti-capa, the
flies cat little; ukut'i-capa czwini or ckuteteni,
to say the correct thing, i.e. to hit the nail
on the head; to pour a drop or two on
anything; to drip, to rain in single drops
when a shower is commencing.
ukut'i-Capacapa, ~\
uku-Capacapaza, [ r= ukuti-Capa,
— Capaza, )
i-Capaza, ;/. 2. . Drop, blot, spot. Phr.
ba'uviiacapaz' egazi, lit. they have drops of
blooi, i.e. they wish to fight. Dimin.
ica'sl'i^zatii't.
uku Caj;azela. v. To drop upon: tiyandi-
cijpaz 1 1 i'gatnanzi, he drops water on me,
or ciuies water to drop on me; to blot,
spot: abaiitu bacalshazelwa ligazi, the
people are bespattered with blood.
i-Capdti, //. 2. Chronic tenderness, or inflam-
mation of the eyelids.
ukut'i-CAP'U,^
i. To be squeamish; to
Capucapu, . .
uku-Capiika, )
nauseate, loathe; fig. to be offended, out of
patience, annoyed, irritated, embittered.
i-Capucapu, u. 2. A person of weak con-
stitution, one who is squeamish; one who
is easily offended, is weak and touchy,
crabbed, sullen, peevish.
isi-Capucapii «. 4. | Peevishness, sullen-
ubu-Capucapu, n. 7. 3
n?ss, irritation; squeamishness: lints' iikii-
ndijonga sciidibe ncsicopiicapu, don't stare
at me, I am already getting sick.
ing-Capuk>, /;. 3. Ill humour, chagrin,
indignation.
Capukela, v. pass, caishukdwa. To be
offended at, displeased with; to have an
aversion to (persons or things) ; to loathe,
hate: nyamcapkkisa tunhlobo warn, ukuzc
aidicapukidr, yoj cause my friend to be
offended with me.
— Capukeiana, x'. To be offended atone
another about something.
CA
— Capukisa, v. pass, catshukisiva. To cause
one to be offended; to annoy, trouble,
irritate ; to provoke : nyandicapukisa, you
irritate me.
ing-Capukiso, w. 3. Any thing or person
exasperating, enraging, exciting to anger ;
provocation.
uku-Capuklsana, v. To offend, etc., one
another.
— Capukisela, v. To cause offence by in-
stilling evil thoughts into the mind of
one person towards another.
uku-CAP'ULA, V. t. pass, catshulwa. To take
part of the contents of a vessel, or bag, by
dipping into it and taking some out : capiila
ukudla emhizeni, take part of the food out
of the pot ; Em . tiku Capma.
— Capulela, v. To take a part out for some
one.
— Capulelana, v. To take" part out for one
another.
— Capulisa, v. To cause or help to take
out part.
— Capulisana, v. To help one another to
take out.
uku-Cafaza, v. i. To rustle like dry grass,
leaves or branches, when trodden upon.
in-Cafibe, ;/. 3. A plant, Withania somnifera,
Dun. = iibu-Vimbe .
in Casa, n. ^. = i-Ncasa.
uku-C'ASA, V. U To oppose, differ form; to
be against one : uyandicasa, he is against me.
um-CasJ, n. I. Opponent.
in-Caso, n. 3. Opposition.
uku-Casana, v. To be against each other;
to be contrary to: amasiko enu acasene
nelizwi lika-Tixo, your usages are opposed
to God's word.
i-Casawe, n. 2. Venereal disease.
ukut'i-Cas", v. i. To stand erect, exposed; of
people, to spread themselves out in going
with each other; or to look with eagerness
and wonder at something.
uku-Cata, v. t. To take out one or two
animals from a number with the view of
getting the rest to follow : iimcat'ilc, he has
CA
i-Cataza, v. 2. The Kafir cat, Felis ocreata
cafra Desm. : licataza elinyawo mbini, he is a
wild cat with two feet, i.e. he is a thief like
the wild cat.
uku-Catimla, v. i. Em. To 5\\me,-=tiku-Kazi-
tnla.
uku Catula, v. t. To walk defiantly, despise.
i-Cawa, n. 2. Sunday; a religious meeting,
gathering for prayer; itidlu yecawa, church;
week : icawa egqitileyo, last week.
in-Cawa, 71. i. = i-Ncawa.
u-Cawucawu, w. 5. Unnecessary and in-
vidious distinction ; see ii-Calucalu.
uku-Cayita, =tiku-Ctvayita.
uku-C'AZA, V. t. To comb the hair; to tug it
fine : ocaze waiicamisa, who combed himself
finely; umt'i ucazkvc, the tree has been
stripped of its leaves; to make a line of
incisions with the view of drawing blood;
to make cuttings on the face, as some tribes
do or did ; to cut a wound, to scarify, after
a snakebite ; fig. to explain, make clear, ex-
pound : licaze elozwi, explain that word.
um-Cazl, «. I. One who combs: umcazi
wengubo, a fuller of cloth; one who
explains: umcazi mteto, the. Attorney-
General ; umcazi masiko, one who explains
the customs.
i-Caza, n. 2. Combed hair, or one with
combed hair.
in-Caza, «. 3. A comb.
in-Cazo, n 3. Explanation.
uku-Cazana, v. To comb one another.
— Cazeka. v. To be combed away; to be
thinned o.it by combing.
ubu-Cazeka, n. 7. State of being thread
bare, worn out : ingubo ibucazeka, the gar-
ment is somewhat in shreds.
uku-Cazela, v. To unravel, explicate, un-
fold for.
in-Cazelo, w. 3. Explanation to.
uku-Cazelana, v. To comb; to explicate,
explain to one another.
— Cazlsa, V. To help to comb ; to explicate
etc. properly.
— Cazisisa, v. To pick very fine; to ex-
plicate to the utmost.
taken out his sweetheart sfrom a mimber ! uku-Cazucazulula, 1 ^,^^ ^^ ^^^^ feathers
of girls sitting together. \ -^T^^^^^^^l ^^^^,^. gg. ,^ ,,,,,^1 the most
intricate subjects, explain a mystery; to
ukut'i-Cata, ] ^ y^ j. o^^ ^ little with
uku-Cataza, 3
care : catazn amasi, pour out the sour milk
carefully; to pour or drop a little (medi-
cine) on.
—Catazela, v. To pour out a little for one.
H 57
go into the most minute parts.
uku-C'EBA, X'. /. pass, celywa. To shave the
head; shear sheep, goats, etc.
um-CebJ, «. l. A shearer.
CE
um-Cebo, «. 6. All the wool obtained at a
shearing ; a fleece.
in Ceba, «. s. = i Nccba.
uku-CEBA, V. t. To devise, scheme, propose,
counsel, conspire against: bamctba, they
conspired against him; kucetyiwe! con-
spiracy! ibokwe icctyiwe, the goat is doomed;
uziccbe 7igokivake, he has betrayed, injured
himself.
urn-Cebl, h. I. A counsellor.
i-Ceba-zinto, v. 2. A counsellor or adviser
at court ; pi. aina-Ccba, the jury.
i-Cebo, «. 2. Device, plan, proposal, pur-
pose, counsel, scheme : iidipe iccbo, give me
advice, devise a plan for me ; in a bad sense
it means a trick, stratagem, artifice, plot,
trap, fraud, deceit : bamkohlisile ngamacebo,
they imposed on him, deceived him by
evil devices. Phr. ongmkcli cebo aka-
nakuucedwa ntntu, he who will not be
advised cannot be helped.
uku-Cebana, v. To counsel together; to
conspire together.
u-Cebano, «. 5. Consultation, conference,
agreement.
uku-Cebanisa, v. To assist each other in
consultation, etc.
— Cebela, v. To interest oneself in
another's behalf; to bespeak what one
wishes to buy; to consult for: uyicchele
ihlazo indlii yako, thou hast consulted
shame to thy house.
— Cebelana, v. To conspire together on
both sides.
— Cebisa, v. To counsel.
um-Cebisi, w. I. One who assists in devis-
ing, counselling etc.
i-Cebiso, n. 2. A plan.
ing-Cebiso, ;/. 3. Counsel.
uku-Cebisana, and Cebacebisana, v. To
take counsel with one another; to con-
spire one with another.
ing-Cebiswano, ;/. 3. Mutual advice,
counsel.
i-Ceba, n. 2. See unrler iikiitl-Cchn.
i-Cebe, w. 2. Haughtiness, arrogance: soka
silitobe iceba lake, we will bring down his
haughtiness.
uku-Cebesha, v. t. To hunt for honey.
i-Cebesha, ;;. 2. A. man who himts for
honey.
uku-Cebesha, v i. To be lazy, indolent.
um-Cebeshi,
i Cebesha, n.
indolence.
j A person given up to
CE
ubu-Cebesha, w. 7. Laziness, tardiness.
in-Cebeta. w. ^.=^i-Ncebeta.
ukut'i-Cebetshu, and ukuba ma-Cebetshu,
used as Adv. Nearly; denoting usually a
hairbreadth escape from danger: bate-cebe-
tshti ukubanjwa, they scarcely avoided being
seized; cebetshu betidipautse ukuw.i ehasheni, I
was in danger of falling from the horse;
cebetshu ukuyibamba kwetii inkabi, we caught
the bullock with difficulty; wasinda macebe-
ishu or ibimacebetshii uhisinda kwake ekuweni,
he scarcely, narrowly, escaped from falling.
ama-Cebetsliu, n. z. pi. Perils, dangers,
hazards.
i-Cebetyu, and i Cebetye, ?/. 2. A small
piece used, as a piece of soap.
um-Cebisi, ing-Cebiswano, and i-Cebo, see
nku-Ceba.
ukut'i-CKBU, V. i. To split off.
i-Ceba, ;/. 2. pi. aviaccba and itigccba. Chip,
split; slice of pumpkin or meat: iceba lo-
kuqala, the first quarter of the moon :
iceba lokugqibela, the last quarter.
uku-Cebula, v. To split off a splinter of
wood or horn.
uku-Cebuka, v. To be split: ixolo licebukile
emi'ini, the bark is stripped off the tree.
uku-Ceca, v. i. To avoid.
— Cecela, v. To avoid, shun, pass by from
fear.
i-Ceceleya, n. 2. Wild garlic.
in-Cede, ;/. l.^i Ncede.
uku-Cedulula, v. t. To unfold (a book or its
leaves) ; to loosen (a stone which is fixed in
the ground).
um-Cedululi, 11. I. One who discovers and
unearths hidden things.
i Cegceya, w. 2. Cassinopsis capensis (Soiid.),
a shrub with fine pointed thorns, and glassy
bead like berries. When eaten by goats,
it gives the milk a very pronounced taste.
ukut'i-Ceke, v. i. To feel cold when touched
by a cold substance.
i-Cekeceke, 11. 2. As Adj. Cold or flavour-
less: ii»ihh-tba olicckcccke, cold ground;
imintn oUcekeccke, a cold person, or one
who is indifferent, weak, feeble, wanting
strength.
ubu-Cekeceke, n. 7. Coldness of the
ground; weakness, want of strength,
in Ceke, 11. i.^iNccke.
uku-Cekeca. v. t. To despise, contemn, dislike.
u Ceke-menzani, ;/. I. and 5. A very fat
animal slaughtered; fig. one filled to satiety
or repletion, i.e. beyond natural desire, so
that he has to stop partaking before finish-
ng what is set before him.
58
CE
uku-Ceketa, v. t. To make thin or slender ; to
shave off, in dressing leather or planing
planks; to giv^e a vessel thin sides in
moulding it.
— Ceketeka, v. To become thin; to wear
away like leather ; to be so thin or slender
as to be ready to break into pieces ; to be
transparent ; fig. to be thin-skinned.
— Ceketlsa, v. To make thin; to be
insecure : isikonkiv.me siccketisile, the nail •
is not firm; isitya usiceket'isile, you have
put the dish where it is in danger of falling.
in-Cekevu, «. 3. A hateful thing or person.
uku-Cekisa, v. t. To contemn, despise, scorn;
to belittle ; to loathe : ndiyakucekisa ukidla,
I am disgusted with the food.
— Ceklseka, v. To be despised.
isi Ceka, n. 4. A drop or small quantity of
something liquid.
in-Ceku, n. S. = i Ncekii.
uku-CekuIa, v. i. To chatter, like children.
— Cekuza, v. i. = uku-Ceknla.
i-Cekwa, «. 2. (a) A cause or matter of
strife or quarrel, provocation : abantii benza
icekwa loiushe, the people make it a cause
of hubbub or quarrel, as when one has
ploughed beyond the boundary of his garden
into another man's land.
(b) A children's game, corresponding to
'tig.' In beginning the game, each child
shouts ayinam or alinam (icekwa) 'it is not
with me'; the last child to shout this has
the ' cekwa' and must give chase to the
others and set himself free by touching
someone else, and saying linawe icekwa 'it
is with you.' In finishing the game, each
child spits on the ground saying plii! ntyoli!
andiyenzi or ayinam. The last to spit and
speak is consoled by the others with the
taunting remark, lilele nawe, uyakutya umvubo
onamapela, the cekiia has slept with you,
you will eat umvubo with cockroaches in it.
Alternatively, the game is played by two
rows of girls standing facing each other.
The girls sing t'lna senjenje xa sidlaV icekwa;
linawe, linawe, linawe icekwa (This is how
we dn when we play icekwa; with you, with
you, with you is the cekwa.) At the word
linawe, each girl begins clapping her own
hands and her partner's alternately. Wandi-
shiya ndinecekwa, he left me, having bedaub-
ed me with guilt or misfortune, though I
am innocent; ndisulelekile ngecekwa, I am
befouled with guilt I do not know of;
kulicekwa ukufa, death rides fast.
f Request, petition.
CE
uku-CELA, V. t. To ask for, beg, request:
ndiyaccla ukudla, I ask for food; see uku-
Vuta.
um-Celi, n. I. One who asks a favour; a
petitioner.
u-Cel-izap6lo, h. I. Lit, one who asks
milk. The name of Venus as the evening
star, because it appears at milking time;
see is-Apolo.
isi-Cela-nkobe, w. 4. Em. Lit. one who
asks for cooked Kafircorn. A name for
Venus as the evening star; see in-Kobc.
ing-Cela, n. 3.
isi-Celo, n. 4.
uku-Celana, v. To request each other.
— Celeka, v. To be desirable; to be fit for
being asked for.
— Celela, v. To ask for, in behalf, etc; to
engage: lentombi icelelwe lendoda, this
virgin is betrothed to this man; fig. to
echo : iliwa liyacelela, the rock echoes.
— Celelana, v. To ask for or from each
other.
— Celisa, v. To cause or help to ask, etc.
— Celisana, r. To cause or to help ask one
another.
— Cslisisa, v. To beg, etc., very earnestly,
urgently.
um-Cele, n. 6. A single \h\ng: siyimicele, we
are scattered, single, lonely.
i-Celekwana, «. 2. The smallest turtle dove,
the Laughing Dove, Turtur senegalensis
(Linn.). Its cry is rendered as ndivel' ema-
Xoseni, I come from Kafirland.
i-Celesi, n. 2. The ratel, Mellivora ratel
(Sparr.).
i-Celu, «. 2. Generic name for pipits, small
plain-coloured birds, which run actively on
the veld; there are three species so
designated, the Plain-backed pipit, Anthus
leucophrys Vieill; Nicholson's pipit, A.
nicholsoni Sharpe; and Raalten's pipit, A.
raalteni Bp.
um-Celu,
um-Celumvemve,
Motacilla capensis, L., often seen on Kafir
huts, and held sacred by the Kafir boys.
uku-Cembeta, v. i. To enumerate; to talk
unceasingly.
isi-Ceme, n. 4. A muzzle for calves to pre-
vent them from sucking.
Cence, Inter j. Cence, mlanjana! run, little
stream ! said by children, when running or
wading in the streams made in the road by
rain.
59
. 6. The Cape wagtail.
CE
isi-Cenene, n. 4. The last drop of milk or
of water left: kuyahtanjiva ngesici'iiciic, we
must wash with little water.
uku-CENOA. 1'. /. To give o; promise some-
thing with a view to gaining one o/er ; to
persuade, coax, gain advantagesor influence
by gifts or flattery; to bribe: ivamcenga
ngemali, he bribed him with money; to
coax (a horse or ox) : viiis'tikuyinxamcla
inkabi, yicenge, don't force the ox, coax it.
isi-Cengo, n. 4. A bribe.
uku-Cengacenga, v. To use much persua-
sion; to flatter.
— Cengana, v. To bribe one another.
— Cenganlsa, v. To cause or make to
bribe one another.
— Cengela, v. To insinuate: imzicciigela
kuye, he insinuated himself, curried favour
with him.
tedious narrative; to speak with wearisome
prolixity ; to relate every detail ; to
continue doing a thing without leaving off,
e.g. to continue felling a tree with a small
hatchet till it falls.
ing-Cengceleza, «. 3. A long story; little
news.
isi-Cenge, .«. 4. To be exposed; to be in
danger: usisicenge scmfdcwc, he was in the
hottest of the fight.
i-Cengecenge, «. 2. Fat dripping down:
iibuso bulichigeceng.', the face is smeared
with so much fat that it drips down.
u-Cengezana, h. 5. An ox with long horns
pointing outwards horizontallj^
uku-Centa, v. t. To make small incisions into
the skin; to tattoo.
u-Cente, «. 5. Two small incisions on each
temple to bleed -a child suffering from
sore eyes. This is done by a boy who
thereupon seizes a large cake of bread
previously put into the child's hand
by its mother; the boy runs off with
it followed by other boys. These young-
sters, after eating it up, all go a hunting
after birds which they bring and present
to the child's mother.
i-Cep6, n. 2. A chip or any concave article
used as a spoon; a spoon.
um-Cepe, ti. 6. Half a calabash, used as a
ladle for drawing water or milk or taking
out food, esp. beer.
u-Cetshana, «. l. A vegetable marrow
= u-Senza. Phr. ugiimhiHilo ka-cctshaiia, it is
a load of vegetable marrows, i.e. it is a
troublesome thing.
CE
uku-Cesha, v. i. To hasten away; to go
straight away like one offended ; to leave a
place, intending to visit it no more, from
some dislike or offence ; of a horse, to run
away.
u-Ceshana, w. l.= u-Cetshann.
i-Cesika,«.3. Em.]p
i-Cesina, «. 3. J i'ever.
ubu-Cesika, n. 7. State of having fever.
u-Cetshana, u. l. See under um-Ccpe.
uku-Ceuka, v. i. To be addicted to lying or
stealing ; = uku-R'iunrcka.
i-Ceya, w. 2. A method of drawing lots
adopted by two herd-boys to determine
which of them is to turn the cattle. One boy
grasps a stick with both hands, placing
one above the other along the stick; the
second boy follows suit with both of his
hands, close to the upper hand of the first
boy; thus they continue to measure the
stick until they, reach the end of it. The
boy who gets the grasp of the end says
to the other ndikiillile, I have eaten you,
and the other has to turn the cattle.
Another method adopted is as follows ;
one boy hides something between the
thumbs and the forefingers of the closed
hands, and withdraws them suddenly,
leaving the other party to guess where the
hidden thing is. This latter is an adaptation
of a Hottentot game played by boys.
um-Ceya, u. 6. Real yellow wood, Podocarpus
latifolia, LHer.
um-Ceya, w. 6. The Southern Giraffe, Giraffa
capensis {Less.).
uku-Ceza, v. i. To pass by at a distance ;
to turn away or aside from the road or
from a certain object ; to avoid.
— Cezela, v. To turn away to or from:
akumbona wacczcla pay a, when he saw
him, he passed by on the other side;
wayicczela inyoka, he avoided the snake.
i-Ceza, u. 2. That which is outward: timzi
zvasccezem, a place that lies outward, aside.
ama-Ci, ;/. 2. pi. Devices, tactics, tricks.
isa-Ci, 11. 4. A pet saying or a characteristic
trait of a particular person; a motto;
uniform.
isi-Ci, ». 4. One who regards no one ; a proud,
cold-hearted person ; a supercilious person.
ubu-Ci, n. 7. Superciliousness, arrogance,
presumption, pride.
i-Cibi, n. 2. A pool, lake, pond ; dimin. /d/jaiw.
isi-Cibliili, «. 4. (a) A waxbill. At Pirie the
name is given to the South African ruddy
waxbill, Lagonosticta rubricata (LiciiL),
CI
but it seems to include other species in
other districts, (b) A part of a plough.
uku-Cibisa, v. t. To ([Qsp\°,e,, = uku-Cckisa.
um-Cibo, n. 6. Wasela iigomcibo or uiionicibci,
he drank without leaving off, nearly to the
last drop.
u-Cicane, it. i. The little finger ; = u-Cikicane.
i-Cici, H. 2. (a) Earring, circle, (b) A small
number or division of people.
isi-Cici, n. 4. A white ring round the tuft of
an animal's tail.
isi-Cicibala, «. 4, One who is respectable fi-om
appearance, behaviour, etc. ; an ox of goodly
appearance ; also used for gaudiness, pride.
Cicilili! Intcrj. I am at the end I
uku-Ciciteka, v. i. Of children, to titter.
uku-Cika, v. t. To put the lid on a pot; to
put a twig in a bucket full of water, in order
to keep the water from spilling when the
bucket is carried on the head.
isi Ciko, 7t. 4. A lid.
uku-Cikeka, v. To be covered, as with a
lid: isiselc sicikekile ngc'minyn>ii yamazit?tba
nangobuloftgo nomgqiiba, the mealie-pit is
closed over with thrashed out Kafir-corn
heads and manure.
uku-Cika, t) /. To jest, joke, without meaning
what one says.
i-Cikiciki, «. 2. What is trivial or worth
less; more usually in pi, things uttered
just as they come into one's mind, without
being true ; joking, fooling ; miisan' iikiuidi-
kataza ngokundibusa lamacikiciki maninzi,
do not trouble me by asking me so many
trivial questions; tidcnzkva amacikiciki,
they played with me as with a ball; dis-
gusting language; anything performed
under extreme difficulties (in this sense
nma-Cikacika is also used.)
uku-Cikana and Cikisana, v. To jest with'
each other.
ukut'i-Cike and Ciki, v. i. To be full to the
brim: imb'iza ite-ciki, the pot is full to the
brim.
isi-Ciki, ?;. 4. The dregs or remains of liquid
in a vessel.
uku-Clkica, v. t. To rub the clothes soft in
washing; fig. to examine carefully.
u Cikicane,7z. l. The little finger. The Kafir
children play at a singing game with their
five fingers; beginning witlj the little finger,
they give each finger a name in succession,
thus: 1 ngii-Ciklcane lo ; 2 ngu-Ngompe lo ;
3 Ngompemate lo ; 4 ngu-BSla lo ; 5 ngu-Mntu
otnkulu lo. A common variation for 5 is
Ngqibizikaka. In some districts, the Fingo
61
CI
children, playing at the same game, have
names for all ten fingers, beginning with
the little finger of the left hand and finishing
with the little finger of the right hand.
i-C»kiciki, see under ukiiCika.
uku-Cikida, v. t. To ascertain the nature of
a thing by feeling it with the fingers; to
examine, test, prove ; fig. makazicikide umntu,
let a man test himself.
um-Cikidi, «. l. One who tests, proves:
umcikidi weiitliziyo ngii-Yehova, the Lord
trieth the heart.
u-Cikido, ;/. 5. Testing, proving:. ///^'^ lo-
cikido, a tried stone.
uku-Cikideka, v. To be tested, approved:
iiK^qiqo engacikidekileyo, a reprobate mind.
uku-Cikiza, v. t. To do anything neatly and
finely, such as sewing or writing.
— Cikizeka, v. To be, or become, fine,
beautiful, precious: iytguho ecikizekileyo,
a beautifully wrought garment.
ubu-Cikizeko, n. 7. The state or quality
of being refined ; refinement.
uku-Cikizela, v. To work finely for one.
u-CikiZ3, n. 5. Em. A piece of fire-wood.
i-Clko, ?;. 2. A fluent, eloquent speaker; an
orator; a good singer.
ubu-C!kD, «. 7. Eloquence, oratory.
uku-Clkoza, v. To speak fluently, eloquent-
ly, (generally used sarcastically;,
um-Cikwane, n. 6. Generic term for the com-
mon grasshoppers of which the Mantis, or
Hottentot god, is a species.
uku-Cila, V. i. To hasten away, etc., =uku-
Cesha.
ukut'i-Cilikiti, z>. /. To rise up suddenly ; to
rush out unexpectedly.
in-Cilikiti, n. 3. Dizziness: uneiicilikiti, he
is dizzy, giddy.
i-Cilitshe, n. 2. A lizard.
uku-Ciliza, v. t. Em. To push down, or asidr.
i-Cilo, 11. 2. = i-Culo, A short song, as dis-
^ tinguished from the great ones.
ukuti-CIMl,) , , . ^
uku-Cima, ] ^- *■ ^"^ '• ^^ extmguish, put
out a fire or a light: chna isibane, blow out
the candle; to shut the eyes for a moment:
cim' amehlo, shut the eyes; to be put out:
umlilo ute-cimi or uciinile, the fire is ex'
tinguished; to inject, give an enema.
i-Ciini, «. 2. Extinction, darkness.
u-CimaniehIa, n. I. A small snake like the
utnainlambo.
isi-Cima-mlila, n. 4. Em. for i-R'tibuxa.
uku-Cimeka, v. To be going out, as fire ; to
become extinct : indlu or usapo lucimekile,
the house or family has become extinct.
CI
— Clmela, v. To extinguish etc. for.
— Cimeza, v. Em. To shut ona's eyes for
a moment, as in saying grace ; = uhi-Chna.
— Cimisa, v. To help to extinguish.
CImlsela, t'. To cause to extinguish for.
uku-CImba, v. i. To go or pass continually;
to depart one by one.
um-C?mbl. w. 6. A subject under discussion;
affair, transaction, hu^ine^s; iimcimhi tiwile,
the subject has been stated; fig. the birth
has passed.
ukut'i-ClmbI, v. i. To fall as a spark on
clothes, or as a fly into milk ; to disappear as
a mouse in a hole, or as cattle in a wood.
isi-Cina, ri. 4. The different coloui'ed patterns
in beadwo.'.c: tifaka izicina zokusoma, he
brings in forms and flourishes of inter-
pretation.
uku-Cinezela, v. t. To press from above, as
the hand on the head ; fig. to afflict, oppress ;
likucinezela pantsi, to press down.
um-Cinezeli, n. l. An oppressor.
ing-Cinezelo, n. 3, Pressure, affliction,
oppression.
isi-Cinezelo, h. 4. A squeezing press; em-
phasis.
uku-Cinezelana, v. To press against each
other; fig. to have griping pains in the
bowels.
— Cinezeleka, v. To be afflicted.
«. 8. Affliction.
uku-CINQA, V. i. To employ or occupy the
mind; to form thoughts and ideas in the
mind; to think, muse, commune inwardly;
to fancy, imagine, suppose; to reflect,
consider, perceive, conceive, intend, con-
clude: bacinga ububi ngam, they think evil
against me; umntu owjnayo akacingi, the
sinner does not think (of the consequences).
ing-Cinga, «. 3.^
ing-Cingo, w. 3. V Thought, idea, reflection,
isi-Cingo, «. 4.)
meditation; dimin. ingcingane, little
thought.
ing-Cingongcingo, «. 3. Different thoughts,
etc.
uku-Cingela, v. To think of or over :
mabangazicingelt tigapezu koko bavielwe
kuzicingela ngako, let them not think of
themselves more highly than they ought
to think.
— Cingelana, v. To think towards one
another: ctngelanani nto nye, be of the
same mind one towards another.
— Cinglsa, v. To cause to think: ucingiswe
biihlwempu bake, his poverty made him
think.
CI
um-Clnga, n. 6. A straw or halm of grass or
whsat; umcinga xvomlilo, a match; fig.
WMig fuciiiga, he became thin. Phr. suke
wjhl.i no iicinga, he or she ran away secretly,
or eloped.
u-Cingo, «. 5- pl- ingciiigo. Brass, copper or
any other wire; a telegraph wire; a tele-
gram ; ucirigo Iwamaitzi, a cable ; fig. a fence.
uku-C'ntela, t;. /. To milk the last drop, to
leave nothing for the calf.
uku-Ciatsa, v. t. To take, drop, break,
crumble a little; fig. to use enchantments
before proceeding on a warlike expedition.
ukut'i-Cintsl, t'. t. To pay, give or grant
freely.
u-CJnya, «. 5. A narrow way with precipices
on both sides ; a defile ; adj. narrow : indicia
iluci lya, the road is narrow; a foot path.
ukut'i-Clpu, V, i. To be cloven, cut into; to
be divided, notched, indented.
uku-CipuIa,u . To chop or cut into chips ; to
chip off from the sides of a tree.
i-Cifa, w. 2. A species of bird, like a stork,
whose wings are used in time of war in-
stead of crane wings.
uku-CISHA, V. t. To select, choose; to guess
at what one has hidden in his hand; to
draw lots (done by children).
isi-Cisho, n. 4. Lot.
um-Cisho, «. 6. Casting of lots; a riddle,
uku-Cishana, v. To select, draw lots etc.,
upon each other.
— Cishela, v. To select, draw lots for
another person. ,
— Cishisa, v. To cause to select or draw
lots, etc. ; to cast lots.
— Cishisana, r. To cause to draw lots
mutually.
uku-C'IT'A, V. t. To scatter: wabacita abantti,
he scattered the people ; to destroy : ubucitlle
ubuhlanti, he has pulled the kraal to pieces;
to spill : amanzi ac'ittwe, the water is spilled ;
to waste improvidently : w:zic'ita itnali zaki,
he spent his money; to disperse, remove by
force. Em. to urinate.
"-ciS,^i;.'2. '■ j Destroyer, waster.
in-Citd, H. 3. Waste, spending.
i-Citl. n. 2. Mostly \vl pi. Things scattered
about. Fig. bangamadti or bangabactti, they
are not of one accord, do not live in
harmoni^
uku-Citana, v. To scatter one another.
'^I^K- ] "■ ^° -'"- "^""•-
waste ; Intcns. to destroy completely.
CI
um-Citaciti, n. I. One who scatters:
untc'itac'it'i ka-Sirayeli uya kutnbuta, He that
scattered Israel will gather him.
uku-Citacitela, v. To scatter at or amongst.
— Citeka, v. To be wasted: imali zake ziya-
c'lteka, his money decreases, gets less, is
being spent.
— Citela, V, To spend in a certain place, or
upon certain things, or by certain doings:
iinini zake wazic'itela e-Monti, he wasted
his days in East London.
— Citisa, V. To cause to waste, destroy, etc.
uku-Citakala, v. To become scattered,
wasted, come to ruin; to be bankrupt: to
be broken up as a people : isizwe sic'itakele,
the tribe is broken up; to be forced to
migrate to other parts, either by famine
or by war.
truction (intr. sense).
uku-Citakalisa, v. To cause ruin, etc.
um-Citakalisi, n. I, Destroyer, waster,
prodigal.
u-Citakaliso, w. 5. Destruction, waste (in
an active sense).
uku-Citakallsana, v. To destroy, etc., each
other.
— CitakalJsela v. To destroy for.
Citi, Intcrj. used after sneezing: c'lt'i ukule^
sneeze and grow big. When one sneezes
another will say ' C'ltV to wish him good
luck.
ukut'i-Citi, and ukut'i-Cititi, v. i. To come,
rise, start suddenly into sight: ndabo::a inya-
Diakazi isitl-c'iti paya, I saw the game suddenly
rise in the distance; lento yatt-cUt pantsi, this
thing has come up from or out of the ground.
isi-Ctti, n. 4. A tuft of long grass on the turf.
um-Citi, in-Cito, see uku-C'ita.
uku-Citsha, 11. f. To guess, choose; Em. to
refuse to give ; to be stingy.
i-Citywa, n. 2. Red clay, used for anointing
the body. The red clay is painted on the
body first ; after drying it is brushed off and
then the body is smeared with fat.
isi-Civava, n. 4. An immovable thing.
uku-Civela, v. t. To toss, tlirow out the peel
of sugar-cane, etc.
i-Ciyane, n. 2. (a) The common waxbill,=
i-Ntshiyane. (b) A kind of red clay, (c) A
soft plant growing in pastures about the
sources of the Keiskama, which is fatal' to
sheep when eaten by them. Em. = isi-Fikane.
63
CI
in-Ciyo, «. 3. (a) A woman's modesty apron,
made of skin and ornamented with beads.
In a more general sense, this word includes
also i-Cacawe. (b) The marriage gift brought
by the bride to the mother of the bride-
groom.
uku-Ciza, V. i. To ooze out, flow gently
(blood).
um-Ciza, w. 6. (a) Medicine of herbs; pi. wet,
green, damp fire wood, (b) Any sort of
stick.
ukut"i-C6, to pick up, see uku-Cola.
uku-Coba, Em. To kill lice with the finger
nails, = iiku-Tyoha.
— Ccbela, v. Em. To break brush-wood into
bits and put them on the fire,--uku-Cwa-
bela.
ukut'i-Cobocobo, v. i. To be ground.
uku-Coboza, v. To grind (coffee, etc.).
uku-COCA, V. t. To clean, make white, purify;
to tidy up; to respect, v. i. To become
clean, pure, white.
um-Coci, «. I. A purifier, cleanser, refiner.
um-Cocwa, «. l. A person who has been
purified, who is without blemish in
character.
uku-Coceka. v. To be cleansable ; to be
pure, lovely, in form or appearance (e.g.
fine cloth) : timntu orocekileyo, a clean
person ; to be free from blemish : intliziyo
icocekile, the heart is pure, clean.
— Cocisa, V. To make clean, pure by re-
moving blemishes or deformity from an
object or person.
isi-Cdcd, w. 4. A small drop of beer, or water
which is left, = /5/-C^/^<7.
uku-Cocobala, v. i. To become hot, as before
a fire.
uku-Cocombela, v. i. To dresG in gaudy
apparel.
isi-Cocombela, n. 4. A person dressed in
fine apparel ; the priest-doctor in his robe.
ubu-Cocombela, n. 7. Finery, showiness,
gaudiness.
u-C6c6yi, ;/. 5. The crown of the head; a
pinnacle; a conical top of a mountain; a
tower or higher point in a building: ivema
clucocoyini liventala, he stood on the
mountain top.
uku-COFA, V. t. To feel a parcel with the
hand in order to find out its contents; to
press a thing with the hand, as the milk
sack when it is full ; to agitate the contents
thereof, or to press a blown up belly : iiya-
cofa isisii, he draws in his belly, pressing it
CO
with his hand, (to show that he is hungry) ;
fi:J. to sound a person, so as to discover
what lies concealed in his breast: kaiicof^
kuye, just sound him.
ing-Cofo, >i. 3. A substance soft to the
feeling, as cloth.
uku-Cofeka, :•. To be soft, touchable.
uku-Cafela, v. To press at or for: acofchva
kona amaluie alio, there were their breasts
pressed.
— Cofisa, V. To make soft, etc.,
— Cofisana, v. To feel etc. each other.
uku-COKA, V. i. To be fine, proper, prudent,
refined, polite in manners and in behaviour
as a gentleman,
— Cokela, v. To prepare for by putting
every thing in proper order and in its
proper place; to e:lit.
um-Cokeli, 11. I. An editor; a composito:
uku-Cokelana, v. To come together, party
after party.
— Cokisa. V. To do a thing neatly; to per-
form a work carefully ; to cause to behave
well; w.icokisa ukubuza, he questioned
carefully, severely.
— Cokiseka, v. To have receiv-etl a finish:
lento icokiscke kakuhlc, this thing has re-
ceived a finish, is very neat. Adv. ugokuco-
kisekileyo, in order.
— Cokisela, v. To narrate in a clear manner
from the beginning. This form is not
confined to speaking, see the form before.
isi-Coki, It. 4. A species of plant.
ukuba-C6k>c6k5. v. i. To be spotted or of
different colours of a dress).
i-C6koc6ko, ;/. 2. A coloured thing, a spot-
ted dress: si:>giniacdk:>cdko, we are dress-
ed in different colours.
ubu-C6koc6ko, n. J. Gaudiness, showiness.
ubu-Cokonyana, /;. 7. bitvula ibucokonya.ui, it
rains gently, lightly.
um-C6kose, and um-C6koso, ;/. 6. White
spots on the skin ; motes, pimples, summer
freckles.
i-Cola, //. 2. The Fiskal flycatcher, Sigolus
silens (Shaw).
ukut'i-C'O)
uku-C6la, 3
ground; I to find little things: ndiyicole huali
apa, I fo-.;nd the money here ; of a young
man, to 'pick I'l/ a girl. Phr. iidicjl' it'iki, lit.
I am i)icking up a thre:-penny-bit, i.e. I
have stumbled; ucoliuK'-Mvia. you have been
picked up, you are a foundling.
um-C6li, )i. I. One who picks up, a name
applied to God in one of the Kafir hymns.
'. t. To pick or take up from the
CO
nia-C6li! Intcrj. That's mine! E.xclama-
tion uttered by one of a party who finds
something lying on the path traversed.
uku-C6lac6la, v. To pick up here and there.
um-C6lacdIi, 71. i. One who picks up
(firewood, gossip) here and there.
uku-COLA, V. t. To grind fine, as flour.
— Coleka, v. To be fine: umgub' ocolekileyo,
fine meal ; to be broken.
— Colisa, V. To help to pulverize ; to grind
to powder.
i-C6lac6Io, n. 2. Helichrysum nudifolium,
Less., used for colds and coughs.
isi-Coiokuma, n. 4. Sobbing in sleep; feeling
pain over one.
uku-Colombii a, v. t. To walk or move gently,
so as not to disturb.
i-Co!or'a, and i-Co!or'u, ?/. 2. Any exposed,
cold, cheerless, dreary place. See App. I.
u-Coloti, ;/. 5. The evening twilight.
uku-Coinbela, v. i. To do one's best, to the
utmost ability, in executing a thing.
uku-Co:nbulula, v. i. pass. co:ijuliilwa. To
disentangle, loosen a string, rope : to unwind
a coi! ; fig. to explain: walicombidula ilizwi
lake, he explained away his word ; to wind
up a iav/suit.
— Cuinbuluka, v. To become disentangled,
be made loose : iutainbo icombulukile, the
thong has become loose.
uku-Combululela, v. To unravel or dis-
entangle for; to explain to.
uku-Cona, v. t. To swear, (stronger than tiku-
Ftiiiga): coiui bcvc abobantit, swear that those
people may hear it.
ama-C:>nini, //. 2. pi. used mvoc ma-Conini !
as a strong form of oath by a husband or
the people of his kraal to prevent his wife
from touching certain food or certain
articles : ina-Coitini! lento ingubawo! Hands
off! this is my father! i.e. avoid it as you
would avoid your father-in-law! ubonti
biima-conini, life is inviolable.
— Conisa, v. To adjure (which can be done
only by a husband or man) ; to interdict,
prohibit; to warn a rival of the serious
consequences which will ensue, if he does
not leave off seeking the affection of
another rival's girl.
— Coniseka, v. To be adjured.
in-Condo, ;/. 3. pi. Naturally thin legs: lento
incncondo, ngat'i lip.ic, this person has very
scraggy legs, he's just a cockroach (offen-
sive).
um-Condo, n. 6. A fine limb, usually in
plural: i/iaslie lincmicondo, the horse has fine
delicate limbs.
64
-c;n°d"„tza, I "■ '■ T° ^'and on .ip.oe; ,o
walk on tiptoe, slowly, softly, so as to
avoid being heard; fig. to be cautious; to
do, speak, teach carefully, by degrees, only
a little at one time.
— Condobezela, v. To perform a work in
a careful, cautious manner for another
person.
— Condobezisa, v. To cause to be cautious.
uku-C6nga, v. t. To pick, single out; to hit
the mark : uyicongile, you have it, you have
found what you looked for.
uku-Conga, v. t. To spare, save: akamconga-
nga iinyana wake, he has not spared his son.
Adv. kakucongn, sparingly.
i-Congco, n. 2. A hot thing which has become
very cold; pi. ice.
uku-Congcotnisa, v. i. To walk or tread or
do a thing softly, gently ; to convey.
i-Congwane, «. 2. The flesh beneath the
upper thigh.
Conini. See under uku-Cona.
uku-Conontela, v. i. To bring a thing or
action to an end, so that nothing is left to
be done ; to make perfect.
— Conontelisa, v. To cause to do all
things perfectly, in the best possible manner.
uku-Conta, v. i. To decline, grow less; to be
in need, distress, hunger.
— Contisa, v. To make lean (e.g. a cow by
milking her too much).
uku-C'OP'A, V. i. To sit, perch, squat on the
highest point of a pole, edge of a rock or
precipice: intaka icop'ile esibondeni, the bird
perched on the pole; to sit as if ready to
rise or to fall : iqiya icop'ile entloko, the hand-
kerchief sits loose on the head, ready to fly
off; to sit on the edge of a stool or chair,
ready to move or go over; to sit on one's
haunches.
Phr. bacopa pezu kwengubo, they squat on
their bundles, i.e. they have no settled place,
but carry their things everywhere, having
no time to untie them ; they are shifty.
isi-C6pd, n. 4. A seat.
ubu-C6pd, «. 7. The brain.
uku-C6pac6pa, To sit up when convales-
cent.
— C6pela, To be ready for: iicopela tikti-
fika, he is ready to come here.
— C6pisa, To cause to sit or squat: wandi-
cdp'isa entahcni, he made me sit on the top
of the mountain.
in-Copd, H. 3. A high point or pinnacle:
encotsheniyentaha, on the top of the mountain.
CO
uku-Coselela, v. i. To give close attention to
a matter.
u-Coselelo, n. 5. Close attention.
Cdsi! interj. used by a mother in the form
makube cdsi! hush ! to her child when it cries
or is ill or after it sneezes; the phrase seems
to have the import of a prayer; cos' ubeko!
is used when one, whom we wish to see, un-
expectedly arrives; lentyantyatnbo inuka cdsi,
this flower smells sweetly, (of recent
usage) ; see Camagu.
uku-C6simela, v. i. To shout, cry, make a
great noise, as the rushing of wind or hail.
uku-COT'A, V. i. To walk, or creep softly,
gently, on the heels, like a convalescent
person ; to go slowly,
— Cotela, V. To steal upon (game); to
approach stealthily : lowo umlahlayo u-Tixo
wocotelwa lilishwa, who casts away God
will be followed by misfortune.
Hcottcotisa. ] - To make one to go or
follow slowly.
— Cot6za, V. To walk slowly, lazily.
u-Cot6zo, «. 5. A slow, lazy walk.
uku-Cot6cot6zisa, v. To retard ; to cause
to go slowly, as Jacob did with the weak
cattle.
isi-C6t6, n. 4. A hurricane with rain and hail.
i-Cowa, n. 2. The Southern giraffe, Giraffa
capensis (Less.).
ukut'i-Cu, V. i. To hold gently ; to sit, remain
for a short time: wasebenza wati-cu, he
wrought and remained a short time ; wabola
witi-cii phiilu, he bored only a little, not
through ; to perch like a bird.
uku-C'UBA, V. t. To peel; to take off the
corn from a maize-cob; to pick out the
pith or kernel ; fig. to select or pick out the
best ; ciiba izizatu, examine the reasons ; fig.
to civilize.
— Cubeka, v. To be peeled, wasted,
languished ; to be civilized.
in-Cubeko, «. 3. Civilization (recent use).
uku-Cubisa, v. To cause or help to peel,
etc.
i-Cuba, n. 2. Tobacco.
i-Cuba lassndle, n. 2. The largest kind of
Solanum, Solanum giganteum, /at:?.
isi-Cuba, «. 4. Tobacco garden.
ukut'i-CUB'U,) ^ . , , 1 .u •
— Cubucubu, [ V. i. To feel lazy, lethargic,
uku-Cubuka, )
relaxed (after drinking plenty of milk) ; to
be in a state of collapse, as a snake on pass-
ing the lee side of an umdlezana or of a
sucking infant is said to be.
65
cu
— Cubukisa, v. To cause laziness, etc.
— Cubula, V. To make lethargic; to crush
under foot (a worm, insect); to squeeze:
ndictijuhve yinqwelo, I was run over by
a wagon.
— Cubuleka, v. To be made lethargic, to
be crushed.
uku-Cubunga, ^
— Cubucubunga, > v. i. To pinch off; to
— Cubungula, Em.)
break off in small pieces; to crumble; to
nibble like mice; fig. to do the work little
by little; to plough a little before others
commence, v. t. to excite, provoke.
uku-Cuca, V. t. To void small stools.
um-Cuco, n. 6. Small motion of the bowels.
uku-Cuci, V. t. To cut holes in a skin or hide.
in-Cucane, n. 3. Anything having holes or
spots in it, as a mat, etc.
ukut'i-Cuce, v. i. To be mute ; not to speak or
answer.
i-Cucu, «. 2. Ear of cattle cut so as to hang
down in strips.
uku-CUDISA, V. t. To sjueeze (a wound,
ulcer), so as to press out liquid ; to crush so
that the entrails come out; fig. to destroy a
man by taking all his cattle; to oppress.
um-Cudisi, n. I. An oppressor.
u-Cudis9, «. 5. Oppression.
uku-Cudisela, v, To deal oppressively to-
wards.
uku-Cukela. v. i. To be annoyed or to quarrel
with one about trifles.
isi-Cuku, n. 4. That which you can take with
your fingers; a small heaf), clump (of lo-
custs) ; a group of people sitting together.
um-Cuku, H. 6. Em. Boiled, ground grain
mixed with Kafirbeer instead of milk.
ukut'i-C'UKU, V. t. To touch softly, lightly.
u-Cuku, n. 5. That which ought to be
lightly esteemed, which ought not to be
minded, is unimportant, insignificant, but
which a troublesome person makes a
source of annoyance: utnntu onocuku, a
dealer in trifles, who quarrels about every
little thing ; dim. ucukwjna, a vain, worth-
less little thing or matter; inifazive yen'cu-
kuuciiku, war abour trifles.
ubu-Cuku, n. 7. What is unimportant or
trifling.
uku-Cukula, v. To take a rag, etc., up on
the end of a stick and cast it away; fig. to
despise.
— Cukutna, v. To go off (a gun, trap,
snare) ; fig. to get angry, break out, attack.
CU
— Cukumisa, v. To touch slightly; to
make to go off; to touch things which
may become dangerous on being handled ;
fig. to provoke, make angry.
in-Cukumiso, n. 3. The trigger of a gun;
the spring of a trap or snare.
isi-Cukumiso, //. 4. ~)
u-Cukumisa, «. 5. [ Provocation.
um-Cuku m ISO, /;. 6. )
uku-Cukuzela, v. To speak lightly of one;
to bring up trifles against him : bacukiize-
Iwe, vain things are spoken against them.
uku-Cukuceza, v. t. To cut, break, or divide
into small pieces; fig. to despise, contemn,
esteem lightly.
71. 8. iikucukucez-iva kwjko, thy shame.
isi-Cukucezo, n. 4. Derision.
u-Cukucezo, n. 5. Dishonour, shame; iizuko
Iwabo ndiya kiilwaiianisa ngokucukucezo,
their glory will I change into shame.
uku-CukuceZeka, v. To become broken
up into small pieces; to be despicable.
71. 8. shame.
uku-Cukucezela, v. To despise, contemn:
nyisc 7ionina babacukucezcle, they have set
light by father and mother.
ukut'i-Cukucuku, v. t. To pierce a thing or
wound an animal in a number of places
with an instrument making small holes.
i-Cukucuku, w. 2. Anything that is very
lean; a weak, infirm, helpless person.
isi-Cukujeje, «. 4. The Black tit, Parus niger,
VicilL, so called from its cry.
uku Cukusa, v. t. To do a thing thoroughly,
whether mentally or manually, as to clean
the land by taking weeds or other stuff
from it ; fig. to investigate closely ; allied
to uku-Cokisa.
uku-C'ULA, zi. /. To hold by the end, not
firmly ; to take up on a fork ; to touch with
the bayonet; fig. to keep others at a dis-
tance through contempt or selfishness; to
disregard, despise, contemn others : u/7intu
oculayo = imtntuozi.Uayo, a conceited person.
i-Cula, i-Cule and i Culi, w. 2. One who
hits well in shooting or throwing the
assegai ; fig. a skilful person.
um-Cula, 7t. 6. A sharp pointed stick or
iron (needle, assegai, etc.) often used as
a fork for picking up meat, etc.
ubu-CuIe, 7t. 7. The ability to aim and hit
well ; adroitness, tact.
uku-C'ULA, V. i. To go naked in the upper
part of the body (applied to women). In
modern application, to dress smartly (of
both men and women).
66
ubuCuIa, n. 7. Nakedness.
uku-CULA, V. i. To sing; orig. used of little
songs.
i-Cul3, n. 2. Originally a short song, now
a hymn.
urn Culo, n. 6. Concert, singing on certain
days.
uku-Culela, v. To sing for.
— Culisa, V. To cause to sing.
um-Culisl, «, I. One who teaches singing.
isi-Culiso, n. 4. A musical instrument: um-
culisi wacuUsa kakuhle vgesicidiso, the
musician played well upon the instru-
ment.
isi-Culujeje, n. 4. An honourable gentleman.
isi-CuluIwane, w. 4. One who sits quiet and
speechless, and does not speak when spoken
to: isiculukvane sentsini, an object of
ridicule.
uku-CuIumaca, v. i. To be gay, merry,
cheerful, happy, self confident; to approach
a dangerous thing without fear ; to be self-
satisfied.
uku-Culungana, v. i. To draw oneself up in
sitting or standing; to move aside to avoid
a thing thrown.
ukut'i-CUM, V. i. To fall or break in pieces
(an egg or cup); to crumble = m^m;/-7>'ma«;
also used as adv. : iilele cum, he is fast
asleep.
uku-Cumka, v. To be broken in pieces, as
a cup, egg, or calabash; to be crushed,
smashed.
— Cutnza, and Cumcutnza, v. pass.
cunyuzwa. To break into very small
pieces; to crush, smash,
uku C'UMA, V. i. To grow abundantly,
luxuriantly; to flourish; to be fruitful:
atnasimi acumile, the gardens are flourish-
ing ; (said also of the tapeworm).
— Cumela, v. To prosper for: mnadoda acunye-
Iweyo, men with whom everything prospers.
— Cumisa, V. To cause to grow, prosper,
thrive.
uku-CUMB'A, V. -t. To lay one thing upon
another, as bags, bricks, etc.
isi-Cumba, «. 4. A clump or bunch (of
raisins, figs).
uku-Cumbacumba, v. To tickle.
— Cumbacumbana, v. To tickle one ano-
ther.
Cumbelele! said in children's play, when
they pinch or draw up the skin on the
back of one another's hands; on finishing,
they call out pangalala.
cu
uku-Cumbeleza, r. i. To take a long time
in doing a thing, either from sluggishness
or uncertainty (e.g. in saddling or inspan-
ning).
uku-Cumbusa, v. t. To bore the ears for
inserting earrings; lance a boil: fig. to
delay in performing or completing an
operation, doing little by little.
uku-Cumka, see under ukutl-Cum.
uku-Ciimsa, r.t. To stitch together a mat:
ucicmsa inttingele, he stitches a mat.
u-Cumse, n. I. Crushed, ground red clay ;
red ochre.
uku-Cuntsa. ") . t- * 1 • l ^ . ,
-Cuntsula,] ''• '• ^° *^^^ apmch;to take
a little (bread or clothes) ; to remove a
small part of any thing (earth) from one
place to another.
— Cuntsulela, v. To take a little for:
ndicuntsiilele isoiika, break off a small
piece of bread for me. *
— Cuntsulelana, v. To share with another
(tobacco).
uku-Cunuba, v. i. To provoke, annoy ; to be
hostile, inimical.
um-Cunubl, n. I. One who pro/okes, or
annoys; an enemy.
uku-CUNULA, V. t. =uku-Cunukisa.
— Cunuka, v. To be annoyed, vexed,
offended, displeased (with work which
does not turn out well); to be disgusted
(by sarcasm and taunts) ; = uku-Capuka.
— Cunukisa, v. To revile, reproach, pro-
voke, annoy, offend ; to be sarcastic, etc.
ing-Cunukiso, n. 3. An exasperation, en-
raging, exciting to anger.
uku-Cununga, = uku-Cubunga.
ukut'i-Cununu, v. t. To behave without fault,
innocently; to refute a charge of guilt en-
tirely; to clear oneself from accusation,
so as to leave no doubt of one's innocence:
lomntii ute-ciinunu kuIo:ito bebefuna iikumnxiba
ityala ngayo, that person wholly justified or
cleared himself in the matter they thought
to prove him guilty in.
uku-Cupa, V. t. To cut off a small piece from
the end of a stick, or from the ear of an
animal ; to mark by cutting a notch ; to
tear the point (of a feather) ; to take hold
of the point of a stick; fig. to shorten, dis-
continue a speech.
um-Cupi, w. I An informer; a detective for
illicit diamond buying,
uku Cupeza, r. To beat, touch softly with
the point of a stick; to pick.
67
cu
cw
— Cup^zeka, v. To be fit for chopping : I u-Cwane, «. 5. Foot and mouth disease of
izembe liyaciipezeka, the hatchet
gently.
uku-Cushuluza, v. i. To go quite naked.
uku-CUT'A, r. t. To narrow (an enclosure or
opening), straiten, compress; lo narrow in
bulk (as by peeling a fruit) ; fig. waciita
ityala lake, he minimized his guilt ; tikticiita
inteto, to bring the subject to a point in
speaking.
— Cutana, v. To be narrow in width :
indicia icutene, the road is straitened,
narrow.
— Cutanlsa, r. To make narrow in width.
^Cuteka, r. Of a road, to be narrowed ;
of the eyes, to be nearly shut ; to be
sharpened to a point.
ing-CutSko, «. 3. Anguish.
u-CutSko, n. 5. An isthmus; distress.
uku-Cutisa, v. To cause or make narrow
etc., (an enclosure, kraal).
ukut'i-Cuttklala, r. /. To sit, squat, cower
down at the side of a road, or at a house
door, in a listless manner,
ukut'i Cutu, V. i. To contract the eyes, to
open them a little.
isi-Cutu, n. 4. Amehlo azicutii, eyes which
are not wide open, which are contracted
by matter, or by being bleared.
isi-Cutungu, n. 4. One who is not on good
terms with another person ; one who has a
long mouth from anger.
uku-Cwaba, r. t. To break up small sticks in
the cattle fold for firewood; to pluck off
leaves; fig. to be in readiness ; to give un-
important details without coming to the
real thing; to make allusions with the view
of drawing one out.
— Cwabela, xk To break for: cwabela iziko,
break brushwood for the fireplace.
— Cwdbisa, V. To help or cause to break.
ukut'i-Cwaka, v. i. To be silent : wail-cwaka,
he ceased to speak; umoya watl-cwaka, the
wind calmed, became still; to be entire-
ly: zizele zati-cwaka, they were quite full
used as adv. very, quite, entirely : kushushu
cwaka, or kushushu cwaka kanye, it is very
hot.
ukut'ela-Cwaka, v. Uzitele-cwaka, she kept
quiet herself.
uku-Cwala, v. i. To sit still, waiting, espec.
said of an enemy sitting down opposite the
place he wishes to attack : tmpi icwalile, tha.
enemy sits still.
u-Cwambu, ». 5. Em. Cream. = M-Caw/^M.
cattle and sheep.
uku-CWANQCA, r. /. To place in line side
by side, as soldiers.
— Cwangcisa, v. To place in order: waz/-
cwangcisa inkuni, he laid the wood in
order.
isi-Cwangciso, «. 4. Placing in order,
planning.
um-Cwangele, w. 6. The bald ibis or wild
kalkoen, Geronticus calvus (BoddJ; fig. a
man who has no hair on the head, whom the
Kafirs think a beauty: indoda ingumcwavgele,
the man is fair; used also of a nice looking
and glossy stabled horse.
uku-Cwanya, v. i. To perch ; to sit on a horse.
uku-Cwaraza, r. /. To clap; (not so severe as
to box).
uku-Cwatshula, r. i. To move stealthily, as
a cat towards its prey,
uku Cwayita, r. i. To be joyous, cheerful;
also to be noisy.
ubu-Cwayit6, «. 7. Cheerfulness.
uku-Cwayitisa, v. To cheer, gladden: intli-
ziyo eruyileyo iyabucwayitha ubuso, a merry
heart maketh a cheerful countenance.
ubu-Cwazicwazi, n. 7. Brightness, splen-
dour.
izi-Cwe, M. 4. pi. Helichrysum pedunculare,
D.C., a medicinal herb used for inflammation
in a wound, esp. to heal circumcised boys.
ulu-Cwe, «. 5. Saliva of a man; plur. izi-
ncwe, of animals.
ukut'i-Cwe, c /. To cut off a thin piece of meat
or skin ; to take a little of anything, such as
meat or sugar; to take a small quantity out :
yiti-cwe etyuweni, take a little of the salt.
ukut'ela-Cwe, »•. To take a little of some-
thing, as meat, for a person : ndamtila-cwe
enyanieni, I gave him a small piece of the
meat.
i-Cwecwe, n. 2. Any flat substance (stone,
plank, table-top) : amacwecwe omabini esi-
nqhto, the two tables of testimony; dimin.
icwecwana.
isi-Cwecwe, «. 4. used as adj. Flat : isitya
esicwecwe, a flat dish ; icangci elisicwecwe,
a flat piece of zinc sheeting; amatye
asicwecwe, flat stones.
u-Cwecwe, n. 5. Any flat shell, such as a
limpet. Such shells are used as spoons, adj.
flat, as glass, ice, or a flat stone ; fig. ndilu-
cwecwe, I am hungry.
ubu-Cwecwe, «. 7. Flatness.
uku-Cweba, v. t. To throw the iguni, (a flat
stone) in the game of u-Nocweba.
68
i-Cw^ba, n. 2. A lagoon of clear, still water
at a river's mouth, separated from the sea
at low tide by a bar of sand; an estuary:
icweba le-Xesi, the mouth of the Keiskama.
Dimin. ictvetyaiia.
i-Cwebesha, «. 2. An indolent person, = /-
Cehesha.
uku-Cwecula, v. t. To cut off a thin slice
from the upper part.
uku-Cwecwa, v. i. To walk softly so as not
to disturb a person who is reading or rest-
ing; to steal in; to sneak in.
— Cwecwisela, c. To manoeuvre so as to
entrap; to lead to one quietly, stealthily.
uku-Cwela, r. t. To shave or smooth a pole
or plank; to peel a potato or fruit.
um-Cweli, n. I. A carpenter.
in-Cwela, n. 3. Parings, shavings.
u-Cwele, M. 5. That which is white, or green-
ish white, as corn just coming up.
uku-Cweletela, r. (. To keep off, prevent,
hinder.
i-Cwem, w. 2. Cataract of the eye.
uku-Cweta, r. t. To touch or pick out with |
the hand or with a stick; to push away.
uku-Cweteza, r. t. To type.
u-Cwete, n. I. A shrew ; the name given to
all members of the family Soricidae. Phr.
nocwet' uzibon' ubukulu, even a shrew thinks
itself great, i.e. even a poor man thinks
himself somebody; ukiiba ubulele ucwete, iiya-
kwapula izilya, if you have killed a shrew,
you will break dishes.
uku-Cweya, v. i. To consult secretly by going
aside, n. 8. Secret consultation: ukucweya
kuka-Yehora kunabanioyikayo, the secret of
the Lord is with them that fear Him.
u-Cweyo, n. 5. Secret consultation.
uku-C weza, = uku-Ceza.
ukut'i-Cwi, r. /. To be tall, slender, straight.
isi-Cwibi, n. 4. A cutting in a parson's flesh.
uku-Cwila, 'Em.^ nhi-Cula, to sing.
i-Cwilo, = i-C«/o.
uku-Cwila, v. t. To cut into small pieces;
fig. to state, narrate accurately, precisely.
i-Cwili, n. 2.
isi-Cwili, M. 4.
pieces: andifumananga necwili, I did not
even get a small piece or bit (of meat).
isi-Cw H i j eje, - isi-Cukujeje.
i-Cwilika, n. 2. A steel for striking fire.
uku-CwiHsha, ] ^,
[ That which is cut into small
-Cwilicwillsha, j '■• '' '^^ ^P°^^ ™^^^ ^^
cutting little bits; to tear off the meat from
bones; fig. to tease one.
uku-Cwisha, r. t. To tear long strips from
monkey rope, or bark from trees to make
rope with, or strips of flesh from the bones
in eating, or that which adheres to the hide
after flaying it; fig. to chide, scold, inveigh,
insult, mock.
um-Cwisha, n. 6. The strip torn off; fig. a
tall person.
ukut'i-Cwishi, '■. /. To turn and walk off; fig.
to be tall, high.
D
T^ is a clear dental sound, as in the English
^-^ words do, did; ukudada, to swim. The
combination dl is a voiced variety of the
Welsh //.• ukudlala, to play. D in the
Bantu languages is closely related to /; in
Kafir it appears sometimes as a euphonious
form of / after the prefix in-, e.g. itku-Litha,
in-Dima; isi-Leru, in-Devu.
uku-DA, V. i. Perf. de. To extend; to be
limited. As an auxiliary it has adverbial
signification "at length, until, at last, final-
ly": uda atete, at length he speaks; salinda
wada wafika, we waited until he came
ndiya kuda ndifike, I shall at length arrive
length a good year has arrived; oselede
wancanywa ngabanye abatitu, who had already
come so far as to be given up by the other
people ; asiinti kungade knt'iwe abantu bapila
nguwo, notwithstanding it is not a tree that
people could be said to live upon. Sometimes
the pers. subj. is dropped: de alihlaule ityala
elo, till he should pay that which was due.
For the adverbs derived from the perf. see
under De.
um-Da, n. 6. A line made by scratching; a
stripe or weal made by a lash; fig. ex-
tension, boundary line, limit: imida weli-
, the boundary of the land.
andisayi himka ningadanga nindixelcle inya- in-Daba, «. 3. ) ^ews, tidings, information,
niso, I shall not go away until you have told u-Daba, m. 5- )
me the truth ; hlaV apa tidide fidigqibe, remain
here until I have finished ; ude watt, at length
he said; ude wafika umnyaka olungileyj, at
intelligence, story, report, message, errand:
zsnz' indaha, tell the news; indaba-vilonyeni,
a by-word; dimin. indatyana, little news;
DA
ndibiziwc, kiiko tidaha ekaya, I have been
called, there is something the matter at
home. (In all the meanings there is the
assumption that something has happened.)
Phr. indaba yakwantombi, lit. news of the
daughter's place (i.e. where she is married),
news about which the parents do not like
to hear or speak; indaba yemiloivo. news
which is to be discussed only among blood
relations; indaba azilali cndleleni, the news
is not lying on the road, i.e. it is not station-
ary but is moving about, it is in every one's
mouth, cf. u-Ndaba.
uku-Dabalala, v. i. To do something with
all one's might: ubalcke wadabalala, he ran
his hardest ; balima badab.ilala, they plough-
ed as fast as they could; of a horse, to be
knocked up; to lean forward in running at
full speed in a race (always used of a number
of people); to fall down through exhaustion
or through intoxication, or to fall down
dead.
um-Dabalalana, «. 6. One who is doing his
utmost.
uku-Dabalalisa, v. To make tired or to fall
down; to use up.
— Dabalaza, v. To lie down flat, to sit with
the legs spread out.
isi-Dabane, n. 4. The skin of the Ula, Pauzi
or Liza, Properly it should be that of the
Ula, used as dress in fighting parties, or in
dances at marriage feasts; it is usually fast-
ened round the neck so as to hang loosely
down the back, as a kind of hood; it is
bound round the loins of fighters.
um-Dabazo, w. 6. Rushing off: inqivelo isuke
yangumdabazo, the wagon (and oxen) rushed
off; of warriors, taking up their weapons
and rushing away; fig. making a rush in
public speaking, glorifying one.
uku-Dabeka, r. t. To lay athwart, shoot
athwart; fig. to slander, accuse falsely;
bamdabcka tigctyala, they heaped accusations
upon him; cf. uku-Tyabska.
uku-DSbekeka, v. i. To go in one line in
war; fig. to speak or write plainly, = m^,7-
Caciscla.
i-Dabi, n. 2. Fight, conflict between people
of the same district ; a civil broil or petty
war, Dimin. idatyana.
uku DABULA, r. t. To sunder; to beat or
strike so hard as to cause a swelling. (The
men fre:iuently beat their wives in this
manner.) Em. (a) To tear a cloth or gar
ment. (b) To originate.
DA
— Dabuleka, v. To be separated; to be or
to fall in pieces: induli iyadabiileka, the
heap is falling to pieces.
— Dabiika, v. To make way, by separating
or going asunder, as a body of people
do, to let one pass through. Em. (a) To
fall or tear into two, as old clothes, (b)
To separate, descend from ; to originate
(of a tribe or of cattle, or of bees which
have left the hive or the clusters), (c) To
become light after a mist or when clouds
separate ; to awake from sleep.
— Dabulela, v. To separate for. Em. To
tear in pieces for : iiyidabulela nina f why
are you tearing it ?
— Dabuluka, v. To break up, used of some-
thing which was previously in a heap or
mass: impi idabulukile, the army breaks
forth, extends to fight ; to gush forth, as
water.
ukut'i-Daca, v. t. To spread (a mat).
uku-Dada, v. i. To float, swim.
i-Dada, n. 2. Generic term for duck: idada-
kazi, the duck: idad' induni, the drake.
The duck says isifiiba sam site ga ga git,
my breast is too far forward; and the
drake replies usit'i-tshwe tshwe tshwe, you
should anoint yourself.
uku-Dadisa, v. To make or cause to swim.
u-Dada, n. 5. Thicket, jungle, copse; much
close short bush.
uku-Dadasa, v. i. To take up more room
individually, as people sitting together do
on perceiving an undesirable companion
approaching to sit down among them.
i Dadangule, n. 2. (a) A kind of long grass
formerly used for making ropes with, (b)
One at a loss or in perplexity,
uku-Dadazela, v. i. To be flurried or in a
nervous excitement, as on seeing a friend
suddenly at one's door, and not knowing
what food to give h\m;=: uk:i-Tatazela.
u-Dade, « I. Sister (as used by men only) :
udade wctii, (not warn,) our common or joint
sister, i.e. my sister ; udade wabo (not wake),
his or her sister; udade bobawo, paternal
aunt; udade ho-Sindile, Sandile's sister.
i-Daf ini, n. 3. A bird living near the Orange
River.
um-Daka, n. l. A very dark person; pi. imi-
daka, common men.
i-Daka, n. 2. Dung cut into sods.
im-Daka, n. 3. used as adj. Dark, muddy,
dirty : inkomo em laka, a dun-coloured cow ;
fig. intliziyo yam imdaka, I am miserable,
seedy; evil: akatelanga nelimdaka hiye, not
even an evil word had he spoken to him.
70
DA
u-Daka, n. 5. Mud, mire, clay, mortar.
ubu-Daka, ;/. 7. Dunness in colour.
uku-DAKA, V. i. To go out of sight or
existence ; to disappear, vanish, so as to be
lost: inyamakazi yadaka chlalhii, the game
was lost in the forest; fig. to wander; to be
out of one's mini.
— Dakela, v. To disappear in a certain
place, e.g. in the forest or by diving under
water: iiialiti yaiakela enceiii, the needle
was lost in the grass; fig. amazwi aiakcle
kwakuye, the words stuck fast in his throat;
uiakele phta? where have you been, I did
not see you ?
— Dakisa, v. To cause to vanish or dis-
appear; to act as not having heard what
one wishes you to say or to do.
in- Dakisa, «. 3. Delay.
uku-Dakada, v. t. To cut or tear (meat) in
pieces ; to lacerate, mangle ; to disperse and
slay in battle; fig. to survey land.
in-Dakada, n. 3. Great slaughter, butchery,
massacre.
u Dakada, n. 5. Milt of animals, the per-
quisite of the boys.
ama Dakadaka, Jt. 2. pi. Illness beyond hope :
scle madakadaka, he is very ill, there is no
hope for him, he is dying; W3nze kw.rma
dakadaka, the illness has left me no hope.
in-Dakanda, n. 3. That which is difficult to
get to appear or be found, though urgently
looked or pressed for.
um Dakana, «. 6. The white pear tree,
Apodytes dimidiata, Mcy.
-oiSyf 1 "■ '■ '"' "'^"'^■•' """"'•
rove about.
— Dakatyeka, v. To be lost.
i Dakatye, h. 2. The African rook; = u-Nom
yayi.
uku Dakumba,
ukut'i Dakumba,
spiritless, dejected, depressed. (It is not
confined to the mind).
iDakwa, «, 2. \q ^vo cannot drink
isi Dakwa, n. 4. j
without becoming drunk ; one who looks as
if he had been drawn out of the mud, (recent
usage).
ubu Dakwa, n. 7. Drunkenness.
Dala, Adj. Old, aged, ancient: ingiibo enda-
la, an old garment : ihashc lidaLi, the horse
is old: ndinidala, I am old; ndimdala, kade
ndibona, I am old, I have seen (much), i.e.
I have experience, I am no chicken. Adv.
To become dull.
DA
kudala, kwakiidala, vgokudala, of old : kudala
yenziwe loiito, of old, i.e. long ago this thing
has been done.
um Dala, n. i. An elder, officebearer in the
church.
ubu-Dala, n. 7. Age, oldness, antiquity:
ubudala bake yiminyaka elLshunii, he is ten
years old.
Dala, ». 3. A moderate native beverage,
manufactured chiefly by the Abambo.
u-Dala, n. 5. A poor person.
uku- DA LA, V. t. To make, bring into exis-
tence, create, ordain, appoint: ngubani tia
odalelomsebjiizi? who originated this work?
Plir. wamdala ugodo, he made him stiff, he
killed him. «. 8. Creation.
um-Dall, «. I. A maker, creator.
i Dalo, n. 2. Work, idol.
in-Dalo, n. 3. Formation, creation.
!.t'5?ir.r»'i.a„i 6. 1a creature.
uku-Dalela, v. To make or create for.
uku Dalasa, v. i. To call aloud, cry in anger.
in-DALlSO, n. 3. A dollar, one shilling and
sixpence; Du. daalder.
u-Dalo, n. 5. The end of a stick (umnqayi):
ndamfika ngodalo lo:iinqayi warn, I struck him
with my stick.
in-Dalu, n. 3. A plant, Greyia sutherlandi,
Hook, and Haw.
u-Dalu, n. 5. A very sharp pointed stick to
scratch with.
uku-DaluIa, v. t. To scratch, cut into; to
make stripes, furrows.
uku-Dama, v. i. To be pulpy or pappy.
— Dam-sa, v. To make pulpy or papj y.
i-Damaka, n. 2. (a) The site of an old hamlet
which is still distinguishable by its appear-
ance and productions, (b) An o'.d, frail
person,
um Damasi, n. 6. An herb; pi. ascend sncy.
uku DAMB'A, v. i. To subside; to diminish (of
a swelling, abscess 1 ; to become tame, calm in
temper ; to be subdued, assuaged, reconciled.
— Dambisa, v. pass, darjiswa. To cause
to subside; to tame, break in. subdue:
wadanib'isa u!i:s.':;do wake, he calmed his
wrath.
um Dambiso, ». 6. Senecio concolor, D.C.,
a plant used for wounds and sore 3.
uku-Dambisela, v. To subdue (o:ie's wrath)
against another person.
i'Da'iiiba. n. 2. A coarse, black fish v/hich is
easily caught.
isi-Dambakazi, n. 4. A woman with a narrow
waist.
71
DA
DA
uku Dambalala, I). /. To lie stretched out. \ — Dandapisa, t^. To cause discouragement,
i-Dambudambu, «. 2. (a) One who walks \ delay,
unsteadily, tottering, owing to weakness or uku-Dandateka, v. i. To be terrified, trou-
liquor. (b) One who by his firm, slow pace
seems to be conscious of his superiority;
fig. an upright one, who is confident, having .
truth on his side.
uku-Dambuza, v. To waddle like a duck.
uku-Dambuzela, v. i. (a) To walk like a
little child, (b) To exhibit superiority by
pacing slowly and firmly; fig. to show
integrity or honest intention by one's
conduct.
e-DAMBULO, adv. Down below; from Eng.
in-Damse, ii. 3. The lion,
uku DANA, V. i. To be disappointed, con
founded; to appear to be convinced of
having acted or spoken wrongly; to feel
ashamed, cast down, sorrowful, discouraged,
mortified: ivadana ngnnyana wake, he was
ashamed of his son.
i'Dano, w. 2. That on account of which
there is disappointment, or sense of shame.
ii" i?a^n"o**';r' 5^' ] Disappointment, shame.
uku Danela, v. To be disappointed in; to
be ashamed for or of.
— Danisa, v. To disappoint; to cause one
to have a sense of shame, etc. ; to make
ashamed: lofiio indidanisilc, that matter
has made me ashamed.
i-Danda, «. 2. A prominent bone. In the
inferior animals it is the bone that sticks
out behind, or is prominent in monkeys and
very lean scurvy dogs. In the human
skeleton it is the prominent part at the
head of the thigh bone, where the in-
Tsluuidda is.
in-Dandalala, «. 3. That which is big in
size ; a superior or prominent one in rank.
uku-Dandalaza, v. i. To lie stretched out
on the side, with the i-Danda prominent;
to sit exposed, from the prominence of the
situation; to stand open, clear, evident,
as the moon; to be quite distinct, perfect-
ly intelligible.
— Dandalazi^a, ;•. To make to stand out
distinctly or be prominent; to expose; to
be quite distinct, perfectly intelligible.
uku-Dandapela, v. i. pass, dandatshdwa. To
be discouraged or downcast from not
obtaining what one looks for, or from fail-
ing to get what one hoped for or aimed at;
to be uneasy, as when coming too late to
church : tvadandatshdiva yiloiito, he was dis-
heartened by it; to be hindered, delayeJ.
bled, restless, in anguish or pain from not
obtaining what one much desires.
um-Dandateko, «. 6. Trouble (subj.), un-
easiness, anguish, etc.
uku-Dandatekisa, v. To cause troubles,
etc. (espec. on account of an old debt or
offence).
isi-Dandatekiso, u. 4. Terror lin an active
sense) : izidandatekiso zako zindibangisile,
thy terrors have cut me off.
uku-Danduluka, *■. /. To call loudly: izwi
lolandulitkayo cntlango, the voice of one
crying in the wilderness; to shout for
assistance or anything else.
— Dandulukana, "c'. To call to one another-
isi-Danga, n. 4. Ornament of many strings
of beads worn on the neck or across the
upper part of the body ; garland : isidanga
solmhlalti, the royal ornament, see ubii-
Hlaln.
ukut'i-DANGA, v. i. To blaze, flame, flare up:
umpu uti-danga, the gun flashes in the pan.
i-Dangadanga, n. 2, A ^great, blazing
flame; fig. great wrath, vehement desire,
appetite.
i-Dangatye, n. 2. Glare, blaze, flame, beam
of fire.
uku-Dangazela, v. To burn intensely,
flare up, flame, blaze, glisten, shine
brightly (fire) ; fig. to desire vehemently.
— Dangazeiisa, v. To cause to burn
intensely; fig. to cause to be under the
influence of the passions.
uku-Dangala, v. 1. To become incapable,
lazy, inert; to lack vigour.
i-Dangala, «. 2. One who is unfit for active
employme.it through laziness or indis-
position to work.
in-Dangalo, ;?. 3. Inability to work from
laziness or from want of haart.
uku-Dangalisa, v. To make incapable,
lazy; to enfeeble, disable, invalidate;
cause inertness, lassitude; to make (the
word of God) ineffectual.
i-Dangatye, sec under ukut'i-Danga.
i-Dano, in-Dano, sec iiku-Dana.
i-Danti, «. 3. A kind of very intoxicating
beer, made from prickly pear and other
ingredients.
i-Dasadasa, 11. 2. One who is unstable, fickle,
inco.istant, perplexed, not knowing what to
do, from having many projets.
72
DA
isi-Dasha, n. 4. An independent person; a
nobleman.
uku-Datyaza, v. L To walk with weak knees
from being tired or hungry.
i-Dauwa, n. 2. The zebra; a brindled bullock.
in-Dawa, Em. in-Dawu, ft. 3. The nodules
on the aromatic roots of the Cyperus plant.
When pared and strung with beads and
teeth of wild animals (leopards), they are
used by women and maidens as a necklace
(talisman). They have a pungent smell,
and are used as a medicinal tonic.
in-Dawo, n. 3. Place, locality, stead : endaweni
yam, in my place, instead of me ; ihashe lam
andilifumananga ndawo, I found my horse
nowhere; topic, subject or matter spoken
of: titeta ndawo-nlna? which matter do you
speak of.' a point of dispute: lomlawo andiyi-
boiti, that point I do not see; imandawo-nina?
what is the matter with you .? what ails you ?
andinandawo, I do not want anything, is of
wide application ; andinandawo yokuhlala, I
have no place to live; andinandawo tidiyi-
tctayo, I have nothing to say ; andinandawo
indibulalayo, there is nothing which pains
me, etc ; akasiniki ndawo isono, he gave no
place (room) to sin ; fig. umntu ongendawo,
an unmanageable, restless, false, wicked
person ; lomntii akandawo, that person is not
good, is godless, wicked ; asindawo, we are
wicked ; imikwa yoke ayindawo, his behaviour
is not proper or good ; wandenza ngendawo,
he dealt badly ^with me ; ngandawo-nina f
wherefore? Dimin. indawana.
Adv. ndawonye, together; ndaiveni-nyc, in
one place or heap.
in-Dawondawo, n. 3. Different places, things
or topics.
in-DawuIe, n. 3. Em. Bones of different
animals thrown, similarly to dice, by witch-
doctors to aid them in foretelling the fortune
or misfortune of a man or war party, or in
discovering lost property.
i-Dayidayi, «. 2. Anything left lying about,
uncared for, as the odd mealie grains that
are jerked out of the stamp block at the
time of stamping and not picked up again;
= u-Hlantlalala.
De, (a) Pcrf. of tiku-Da. (b) Adj. Long, high,
tall : intambo inde, the thong is long ; iliwa
elide, a high rock; nmnlti omdc, a tall person;
dimin. dana, danyana, danyanana, longish,
tallish: intaba indana, the mountain is not
so high; umfazi omdazana, a woman not
very tall.
K
DE
ka-De, Adv. Long, far off in time, referring
either to the past or the future: kade
sayenza lonto, we did that long ago ; umti
uiva kade, the tree is long, i.e. slow, in
falling; uva kade, he is slow in hearing, i.e.
listening; ndiya kutshata kade, it will be
long before I marry ; kukade siteta oku, it
is very long since we said that.
ama-Kade, n. 2. pi., used with adv. meaning.
Long or often : ngenxa yamakade ndibona,
because of things I have long or often
seen, i.e. according to my experience.
kaka-De, andukaka-De, a<^f. of affirmation.
Of course, to be sure; it is a settled
matter: kakade sateta oku, of course we
said that ; kakade niya kuwuieta kum lom-
zekeliso, of course, i.e. doubtless, ye will
say to me this parable.
kaka-Deshe, adv. Very long ago.
ku-De, adv. Far, far away : ikude kum indawo
leyo, the place is too far from me ; ndiya
kukutuma kude, I shall send you far away.
ngokoku-De, adv. Until, at length, so that :
ngokokude intaka zihlale emasebeni, so that
the birds lodge in the branches.
um-De-ngentonga, n. I. One great in
discussion.
ubu-De, n. 7. Length, height: ubude bomntu,
a person's height. Phr. wapiima nobude,
he went out armed; iibude abupangwa,
height is not reached in a hurry.
in-Debe, n. 3. A calabash, ladle; communion
cup. Phr. usela ngendebe endala, he drinks
out of the old cup (handed down from his
ancestors), i.e. he is a rich man, he prospers
as his forefathers did.
u-Debe, n. 5. The lower lip; see isi-Lebe.
\-^^^f}ff^^n.2 \ Incoherent speech;
m-Debelsfele, n. 3. j *' .
frivolous talk, nonsense : indebelefele, iimisfio-
tsho wamasele, senseless talk, the night
croaking of frogs. The word is also used
apparently as a punning version of ' devil of
a fellow' to indicate a wild, worthless,
fellow.
ukut'i-Debelele, v. i. To sit down or lie down
through laziness and unwillingness to work.
ama-Debelele, n.2. pl. = i-Debelefele.
uku-Debeleza, v. i. To speak vain things,
nonsense; to wander in speech: ufana
emana ukudebeleza, he just keeps on talking
nonsense.
u-Debeza, n. l. The South African Nightjar,
Caprimulgus pectoralis, Cuv., so called
from its wide mouth ; its cry is rendered as
ndake ndaya, ndake ndaya, nde-tendelcle or tyi-
71
bilifi, I went, I went, and I slipped ; or ZLsyiza
ncngtiho leyo, samhat'ise Iciitotololo, bring this
blanket, and let us cover this decrepit
object.
uku-DEDA, V. i. To stand off or back; to
change place, to evacuate a place: tf^-J' apa,
go away from here; to go aside,. move to
one side: deda endleleni, move out of the
way; fig. to keep aloof; to avoid. Phr.
deda, mhlangala, eiidaweni ycnyw'igi, civet
cat, move out of the way of the wild cat,
i.e. make way for your betters.
— Dedela, v. To draw back, make room
for : wondidedela kiilomhlaba tidilimc kbna,
you must make room for me on that land
that I may plough there ; hadedcla paya,
they draw back (a few paces in combat,
but still facing the enemy).
— Dedelana, v. To make room for, or
stand out of the way of each other. Phr.
amanzi ayadedclana, the waters (of two
streams at their junction) give way to
each other, used o!:" reciprocating a good
turn, or of two great men meeting and
honouring one another.
— Dedisa, v. To move a thing, an ob-
struction, out of the way.
in-DedSbe, «. 3. A great person, espec. a chief
councillor, who knows perfectly the lav/s
and customs of olden times; a grandee,
chronicler, recorder.
ukut'i-Dedelele, = uku-Deda.
i-Dedeleya, n. 2. Slackness, laxity, pithless-
ness, after sickness or drinking.
i-Dedengu, «. 2. That which is afraid.
DE
uku-DELA, r. t. To disregard, despise,
contemn, slight : wayidela inkosi yaki, he de-
spised his chief.
i-Dela-zinto, n. 2. A despiser, scorner.
in Delo, n. 3. Disregard, despising.
uku-Delana, v. To despise one another.
— Deleka, v. To become despised, des-
picable, disregarded, unworthy of con-
sideration : titmttu odclekileyo, a despicable
person.
in-Deleko, n. 3. Being despised, in dis-
honour.
uku-Delisa, v. To bring into contempt;
to disregard ; to face danger bodly.
in-Dembelele, u. 3. One who is tall and
stately ; one who is inactive, inert.
uku-Deinbeza, and Dembeleza, v. i. To
talk incessantly, for a long time, with the
mere object of carrying on conversation,
and with no regard to the time that is
being wasted ; to gabble away.
in-Detnbu, n. 3. Mistletoe, found growing
on both native and introduced trees, made
into bird-lime by the boys, and also used
as a medicine for lumbago and kidney
disease ; it is employed as a love-philtre by
the Hottentots.
uku-DKMESHA, V. t. To damage; fr. Eng.
i-Demfu, n. 2. The largest species of South
African frog, Rana adspersa Bibr., so
called from having a body which appears
too heavy for its legs, and from having in
conseqtience a characteristic waddle; a
very fat person, whose corpulency renders
walking difficult ; see ukut'i-Dinifi.
fainthearted, desponding ; a diffident person | uku-Denda, v. i. To hesitate, delay ; to do a
or speaker.
uku-DEKA, V. t. To lay the table ; fr. Du.
i-D^k^dke, 1 "• 2- '^^^^ ^^'^^'^^^ ^^ ^"^^ ^"^
soft, as dough which is too wet, or as wash-
ed clothes; a drenched person; fig. sluggish,
weak, out of joint. Phr. wahamba ngedekedekc,
he walked at daybreak, when the dew still
wetted his teet; a voice which is not firm.
ubu-Dekedeke, n. 7. Coldness, wantof spirit.
uku-Dekenda, v. i. To be slow in talking;
to speak indistinctly.
u-Dekenda, m. 5. Slimy, like condensed
milk ; fig. slow talking.
ubu-Dekenda, n. 7. Sliminess, slowness.
uku-Dekisa, v. To act in a sluggish, dila-
tory, negligent manner; not to mind; to
be slow to speak.
— Dekisela, v. To act slowly, etc., for or
in respect of another person.
thing slowly: tingadendi, be prompt, make
short work.
isi-Dende, ;/. 4. A medicinal plant.
isi-Dendeleko, n, 4. A flat, shallow dish;
saucer, plate.
u-Dendeleko, n. 5. A long way.
uku-Deiide!eza, v. i. To spoil a thing by
taking long to do it, or by wasting time in
talking; to introduce matter foreign to a
subject, or which is only distantly con-
nected with it.
isi-Oendelezo, w. 4. A round-about story
or speech.
uku-DENQA, v. i. To be weak in one's legs,
to be tottering; to be slack, slow, stupid,
dumb or without voice; to show apathy,
indifference; to anything, or signs of
approaching death: lomntu udengilc, this
person is apathetic or dazed or stupefied.
74
DE
isi-Deage, n. 4. A stupid, inattentive,
dull, heavy, dumb person; of animals, it
sometimes means tame ; fem. isidengekazi.
i-Dengedenge, n. 2, Anything which
grows quickly but is wanting in solidity.
Adj. very weak, loose, slack.
ubu-Denge, n. 7. Dullness, stupidity,
foolishness, ignorance.
uku-Dengisa, v. To make slack, etc.; to
stupefy.
u-Dengis5, n. 5. That which stupefies.
uku-DengezeSa v. To be weak in the feet;
to go reeling, staggering, tottering, as a
drunken man.
um-De-ngentonga, see under De.
uku-Depisela, v. t. pass, detshisehva. To
hinder, cause delay; to turn away the
attention of one eating so that he gets little
or nothing ; to disappoint expectations
raised, whereby the disappointed person is
damaged: uyazidepisela, he hinders himself
from the performance of a purpose by
allowing other events and occupations to
cause delay; iidetshiselwe liratshi lake, he
was cheated by his haughtiness.
u-Devu, n. 5. A single hair or a tuft of hairs
on a woman's face, or downy hair on a
woman's upper lip ; Plur. indevu, the hair
on a man's chin, the beard ; see isi-Levu.
ukut"i-DI, V. t. To pour in upon or mix with
other things, = uku-Dihanisa.
uku-Diba, v. t. past, ditywa. To fill up a
hole with earth or stone ; to fill up a gap ;
to beat in earth round a stake; fig. to
intermix, mingle; to make different things
to be as one ; to force down (an enemy) ;
to offend (the ear) by big talk.
in-Dibandiba, n. 3. A mixed multitude.
uku-Dibana, v. To intermix : igusha zadiba-
na nehokwe, the sheep mixed with the
goats; to meet together; fig. to combat
with each other: sadihana naye, we had a
combat with him.
— Dibanisa, v. To mix things together
which were separate and foreign: ukudi-
hanisa ititloko, to put heads together, i.e.
to confer.
um-Dibaniso, n. 6. Collision, battle.
uku-DJbelela, v. To fill up a hole with
earth ; to hide underground, inter, bury ;
fig. to surprise; to hinder one from
speaking; to violate, desecrate (the Lord's
day).
isi-Dibelelo, n. 4. That which is used to
beat in earth around a stake, a stamper ;
DI
fig. something said by a third person
which causes renewed disagreement
between two parties who were about to
settle their disputes amicably.
uku-Dibeleleka, v. To be filled up from
internal action, the earth falling gradual-
ly from the hole's side ; fig. to be painful.
i-Dibi, n. 2. A gulf.
isi-Dibi, n. 4. A shallow hole in the
ground; a shallow in a river; fig. a
shallow brain, adj. Shallow.
i-Dlb;dtbi, n. 2. A corpulent person
whose muscles are flabby, not firm.
One who is a poor speaker in the
presence of superiors; an inexperienced
spealcer who tells only part of the news.
in-Dibilili, «. 3. A mass or heap of
porridge, mud or cowdung.
in-Dibongo, n. 3. Boggy, muddy ground.
i-Dida, n. 2. An ox that sets off well in a
race but does not keep up; an aged man
whose strength is failing.
uku-DIDA, V. i. To hesitate in approaching
a place from apprehension of danger; to
start back.
— Dideka, v. To be at a loss, at a stand,
in a mental strait, agitated, perplexed,
confused, apprehensive of boding evil.
ubu-DIdeka, n. 7. Confusion of mind.
uku-Didekisa, v. To cause confusion,
perplexity, apprehension of danger; to
cause to start back.
u-D3di, n. 5. Row (of stones), order, class,
caste, column, step, story, kind, generation:
siludidi lunye, we are of the same sort, class,
stamp; indidi ngendidi, army upon army, or
generation upon generation ; indidi ezipantsi,
the lower classes of people ; indidi ezipaka-
mileyo, the higher classes.
i-Dididi, n. 2. Shuffling, hesitation, not
speaking out at once.
isi-Didimakwe, n. 4. An aged person who
can no longer walk; a wonderful thing.
ubu Didisholo, «. 7- State of having cramp;
inefficiency.
uku-Didiyela, v. t. To mix, knead together.
uku-Didiza, v. i. To tingle (of the ears);
fig. to stagger, tremble, quiver in body
from agitation of the mind or from illness.
— Didizela, v. Of a bird, to hover quiver-
ing over its nest; fig. of the limbs, to
sliake after sickness.
— Didizisa, v. To cause trembling, etc.:
adidiziswa antatambo am, all my bones
were made to shake.
75
[• n. 2. (a) An unmarried female.
Dl
uku-Dika, v. t. To cause satiety: le?iio ihadi-
kile abantu, this matter has more than satis-
fied the people; perf. pass, diklwe: to have
enough of a thing and wish no more; to be
filled, satiated, fat from eating, drinking,
satisfying the lusts, etc.; to be wearied,
disgusted, having more than enough.
i-Dikwa-msinya, «. 2. One soon satis-
fied, both literally and figuratively.
uku-Dikisa, v. To satiate, satisfy, ap-
pease, content. (The idea of oversatiat-
ing is never absent from this word.)
i-Dikazana,)
i-Dikazi, j
It is difficult to define this word, as it is used
very loosely. It does not necessarily mean
that a woman has lost her virtue, while it is
not applicable to many women who are very
immoral, e.g. abarcxezayo. It is a term of re-
proach to all women who are husbandless,
except the widows who have not left the
places of their late husbands. A Dikazi may
be a woman (not girl) who has never had a
husband, or one who once had one, but has
been separated from him, or a widow who
has left her late husband's place. It is never
applied to a married woman, however loose
her character. It is applied to all marriage-
able women without husbands. To be in
such condition is a great reproach. People
must be very careful in using this term, as
there are now unmarried Christian native
women of irreproachable character.
(b) The under part of the leg, on which
cattle lie on the ground.
i-Dike, n. 2. A pool in a river or near a
river's bank.
i-Dike kazi, n. 2. A larger pool than idike;
a lake.
ukut'i-DIKI, V. i. Of the eyelid, to wince or
quiver once, which is taken as a sign that
either a friend or a letter is coming.
uku-Dikizela, v. To keep on quivering,
throbbing, or pulsating ; to vibrate rapidly
(as the muscles do after heavy work, or
the flesh of a beast just slaughtered)
have spasms; fig. applied to the rumbling
and reverberating of distant thunder.
Dikidiki, adj. Lukewarm, tasteless: anianzi
adikidiki, the water is lukewarm.
ubu-Dikidiki, n. "j. Lukewarmness.
isi-Dikiii, n. 4. Lasiosiphon meisnerianus,
Endl. and L. linifolius. Dene., medicinai
plants, used for wounds, snake-bites, sore
throat and gallsickness,
Milt-sickness
anthrax
in
uku-Dikinca, v. i. (a) To eat with the um-
Hluma. (b) To hitch the shoulders forward.
i-Dila, H. 2. \
in-Dila, 71. 3. )
among cattle, also among men in conse-
quence of eating the flesh of an affected
animal, generally spoken of under the
euphemistic name of inyama yamakwenkwe;
= u-Bcnde ; also a thing legally unclean.
uku-Dilata, r. /. To wander about in
uncertainty.
uku-Dileka, v. i. To be at a loss, beside
oneself.
ukut'i-DILI, r. i. Of the mud-wall of a house,
to fall in through rain.
uku-Dilika, v. To fall in or down iq a
great mass (unburnt bricks, mud-wall,
cornhole, land-slip), by reason of rain or
otherwise.
— Dilikela, v. To fall upon: abantu badili-
kclwa itgumhlaba, the people were covered
by ground falling upon them.
— Diliza, r. To cause to fall down; to pull
down, demolish, destroy (house, town).
— Dilizeka, = uku-Dilika.
i-DlLlYA, n. 3. A grape; fr. Du. druive.
isi-DlLIYA, n. 4. A vineyard.
um-DlLlYA, n. 6. A vine.
in-Dima, «. 3. from uku-Lima, to plough. A
piece of cultivated land, as much as one
can plough in one day, or as much as a gang
of hoers cover at a stretch ; a piece of land
already dug or ploughed in a garden; a
piece of work already done: indima yetfi
inkulu, we have done a big piece of work ;
dimin. indinyana.
u-DIma, n. 5. Having one side of the face
painted white and the other black, as an
isanuse has on the day he accuses of witch-
craft: uqah' udi?na, he has painted his face
with two colours.
isi-Dima, «. 4. Virtue, respect, worth,
character: uvifazi onesidima, a virtuous
woman; ukuyinika into isidima, to respect,
regard a thing.
uku-DIMALA, v. i. To give up a thing in
disgust.
— Dimalela, v. To abhor, be disgusted
with : aningedimalelii-a ngumpefumlo warn,
my soul would not abhor you.
— Dimaza, v. To cause to give up in dis-
gust.
— Dimazeka, v. =Dimala.
isi-Dimba, w. 4. A girl's fringed modesty
apron.
76
DI
in-Dimba, n. 3. ~\
in-Dimbane, «. 3. V A nation, a people, a
u-Dimba, w. 5. )
great number or crowd of people ; things
innumerable; an army drawn out in battle
array, but close together. Formerly the
chief addressed the people : ludimha livako-
mkulu.
in-Dimbiliii, «. 2. ] . , . . .
isi-Dimbilili. n. 4. ) ^ ^^^P ^^ ^mnowed
corn; fig. a great multitude of people; a
vast number of cattle, such as the thou-
sands captured by the troops in Kafir
wars.
uku-Dimbaza, ?•. /. pass, dwjazwa. To take
corn out of the corn-pit in the cattle fold ;
fig. to reveal secrets (from the practice of
witchdoctors in digging up bewitching
matter.)
ukut'i-Dimfi, v. i. Of a corpulent person, to
move the leg forward with difficulty in
walking, owing to the weight of the body.
uku-Dimfizela, v. To walk in the manner
described under ukuti-Dimfi.
in-Dimla, n. 3. A tonsil; others, the thyroid-
ean cartilage to which the epiglottis is
tied ; in tonsilitis they say, udnmhe indimla.
uku-DINA, V. i. To become tiresome : ;^«^tf
iyadina, this gets tiresome ; generally used
in the pass, dinwa: to be tired; to fail with
weariness; fig. ukudimva tigumniii, to be tired
of, i.e. disgusted with, a person ; ungadinwa
nangomso, do not be wearied (in giving)
even tomorrow; i.e. thanks for the present
and remember me still in the future ; ndidi-
niwe kukumlinda yena, I am weary of
waiting for his arrival, n. 8. Weariness,
lassitude.
u-Dino K t; ( Weariness, fatigue, trouble,
vexation.
uku-Dinisa, v. To make weary or tired;
to fatigue, harass: uyandidinisa ngokuteta
kwako, you weary me out with your
talk ; ungandidinisi ndisasebeitza-ftje, do not
trouble me while I am working.
, i-Diniso, n. 2. Military authority: idiniso
lemfazwe.
in-Dinisa, and in-Diniso, w. 3. That which
causes weariness; tiresome business,
wearisomeness; fatiguing duty.
uku-Dinisela, v. To tire out, annoy by
interfering or interrupting a person in
speaking or working.
uku-Dinda, v. t. Em. To prepare everything,
but not bring it to a point; to go on with
no apparent progress; to continue at a
DI
work whose execution requires much time ;
cf. uku-Ndinda.
i-DlNDALA, n. 2. A constable, policeman,
from Du. dienaar.
i-Dindilili, n. 2. Senecio angulatus, L., a
climber, supposed to be a digestive to
carrion birds gorged with meat; the juice
is applied to sore eyes; the leaves cooked
with milt-sick meat are said to render it
non-poisonous.
in-Dindiiili, n. 3. That which is tough, as
india-rubber, on which one cannot make a
lasting impression.
uku-Dindita, v. i. To stand and tread on one
place without shifting position ; to continue
searching carefully in one place.
uku-Dinga, v. t. Em. to promise.
i-Dinga, «. 2. A promise, vow: ndimbeka
ngedinga, I promise him.
uku-DINQA, ") ■ , , ^ . , ,
-Dingadinga, ] ^- '• (^> ^° wander about;
to be embarrassed, at a loss : uyadingadinga,
he seeks a place of rest, but everywhere he
is driven away; he is in doubt and cannot
come to a decision ; he does not know what
to do; diriga nenkuni zako, go about from
place to place, you will not find one to buy
your wood, (b) To lack: ndiyadinga imali,
I am in want of, I must needs have, money;
amanzi akadingwa, there is no lack of water ;
amazwi akadingwa, there is constant talking.
um-Dingi, tt. I. One who is embarrassed,
at a loss; who wishes to work but cannot
get employment.
uku-Dingeka, v. To be in a state of
need: umbona uyadingeka nonyaka, maize
is scarce this year.
— Dinglsa, v. To cause to wander about,
or to wander in mind.
u-Dingane, n. 5. Fullness: indlti iludingane,
the house is full of smoke or bad smell.
in-Dingi, n. 3. Melody, harmony of sound.
i-Dini, n. 2. An animal sacrifice made to
propitiate departed ancestors, (inti-Nyanya
or abantu abangasekbyo).
(1) Should anyone dream about his dead
ancestors, he took this as an indication
that they were displeased at some neglect
and demanded an idini, a propitiatory
sacrifice.
(2) Should there be illness either of ma.i
or beast, and a doctor be called in and say, 'I
see, your ancestors are displeased, because
you have not rendered them their due', it
was understood that a sacrifice was de-
manded.
77
DI
(3) Should there be no rain, the people
would go to the chief and say, 'Why do
you allow it to be thus ? why don't you
invoke your ancestors?' whereupon he
would offer a sacrifice.-
These sacrifices are offered thus : (a) Fuel
is prepared consisting of sneezewood
chips, (b) An animal is slaughtered in the
centre of the cattlefold in the afternoon. The
blood is carried in a basket from that spot
into the house of the person who dreamt
about his ancestors, or who is ill, and
placed in the backmost part of the hut.
As it is being carried, drops are purposely
allowed to fall. All the bones and all the
flesh of the animal are carried into the
same hut, and laid on sneeze-wood or laurel
twigs, (c) Next day a fire is made, chiefly
of split sneezewood, on the spot where the
animal was slaughtered. The flesh is
brought out of the hut ; all of it, except the
women's portion, is carried back into the
cattlefold, and laid on sneezewood twigs
near the fire or hung on the stakes of the
fold. The women's portion is taken to a
fire beside the calves' fold. The first part
offered is the fat upon the liver (in-
Tlukuhla), which is cast upon the fire and
wholly burnt. After that pieces of meat
may be roasted and eaten during the
morning, but most of the animal is boiled,
partly o/er the fire in the centre of the
cattlefold, and partly over the fire beside the
calves' fold. All the boiled meat is taken
off the fire in the afternoon, and all eaten
at the same time by both parties. Next
day all the fat and every bone and remain-
ing portion of meat and every twig used,
are burnt on the fire in the centre of the
cattlefold. The blood, if not poured out at
that fire, is poured out at the fence, but
still within the fold.
On the day the sacrifice is eaten, a person
is posted at the entrance of the cattlefold
and another at the calves' told, and every-
one who partakes of the sacrifice must
deposit something in the hands of one or
other of the posted persons, and, as he
gives it, he says " Camagu" ; see uku-Ruma
and Camagu. All these articles, no matter
what they be, are finally scattered within
the cattlefold near the fence. Some sacri-
fices made by the chiefs were wholly burnt,
1)1
u-Dini, n. 5. The brink of a river; the edge
of a wall or precipice; the rim of a cup or
basin.
in-Dinisa, in-Dino, etc., see tikii-Dina.
um-Dints«, «. 6. Inappetency, want of
disposition to seek, select or imbibe nutri-
ment: iisnke wanomdintsi kum, he was not
disposed to cultivate or seek my friendship.
uku-DlPA, V. t. To cleanse sheep from scab
by dipping them in an arsenical or other
wash ; fr. Eng.
uku-Dipa, v. t. pass, ditshwa. (a) To take
handfuls continuously or in quick suc-
cession from an inexhaustible supply;
hence to help oneself or one's friends
liberally from an inexhaustible source.
This may be done either honestly or
dishonestly. Used in the latter sense, the
term knyaditshwa means: they are helping
themselves liberally to other people's
property, i.e. stealing is prevalent or rife ;
cf. iiku-Capula; to put the foot into the
mud, or any soft matter ; to dip the sleeve
into water unawares or suddenly.
isi-Dip6, n. 4. A portion taken from that
which continues to afford a supply, as a
portion of honey taken from a hive.
jn-Dipane, n. 3. Abundance, plenty, cf.
in-Tapane.
ukut'i-Dipe, v. i. To dip into: unyawo Iwake
lute-dipe eludakeni, he dipped his foot into
the mud.
uku-DPpuIa, } ^' '• To cut through, tear open,
cf. uku-R'ipula.
um-Dlsane, n. 6. A fine, deep tone.
isi-Dishidishi, n. 4. The awkward walking of
a tall, corpulent person : isidishidishi somfo,
a tall, corpulent person.
uku-Oishizela, v. i. To walk in a stately
manner, as a corpulent person.
in-Dishwa, «. 3. The imperfect hearing of an
undertoned conversation.
uku-Dlwaza, v. t. (a) To distribute, spread*
(the word of God), (b) To destroy utterly;
to desolate.
isi-Diya, n. 4. Quarter-ill in cattle,
uku-Diza, v. i. To utter unasked that which
ought to be kept secret, as a thief who in-
forms on his fellows ; to reveal secrets ; to
expose ; to stammer, stutter.
uku-Diza. v. t. from uku-Diliza. To demolish
(stubble).
78
DI
i-Diza, n. 2. A field of mealies or Kafircorn
that has been reaped; mto such fields the
cattle are turned to eat down the stubble :
yisa inkomo koladiza lika Mhevihe, take the
cattle to that reaped field of Mbembe.
u-Diza, II. 5. A stalk of Kafircorn without
the ear, or of mealies without the cob;
fig. a cigar,
um-Diza, n. 6. (a) A degenerate corn-plant,
the seed of which has a disagreeable
taste ; a sapless mealie stalk ; darnel ; the
place or extent of a stubble-field, (b) A
sweet scented herb.
uku-DLA, V. t. (a) To eat, to bite, with a wide
range of meaning; fig. ndadla uboini, I ate
life, i.e. I lived; of cattle, to pasture,
graze; inkomo zidla emlanjeni, the cattle
are grazing at the river; with ilifa, to
inherit: ndenze nto-nina uknze ndibudle ilifa
ubom obungunapakcxde? what shall I do to
inherit eternal life ? of inanimate things
that have the power to harm, to harm,
devour : irele ladla abaniu abaninzi, the sword
devoured many people (in war) ; elatafa
ladla inkomo zam, that plain (meadow)
devoured my cattle, i.e. made them sick;
ndidliwe ngumlambo, lit. I have been bitten
by the river, i.e. I have a rash.
Phr. udle iikudla kwamdla, lit. he ate
food, and it has eaten him, said of one
under the influence of liquor; iramncwa
elinamandla lelidlayo (or enamandla ycdlayo),
food gives strength to the wild beast, he
who eats longest lives longest; esihleliyo
sidV ukuhlala esip'ilayo sesilwelwjyo, a sitting
(i.e. lazy^ man only enjoys his ease and
gains nothing thereby, but an active man
will profit by his assiduity; see also i-Ncolo
and in-Konazana. *
(b) To 'eat' a man, i.e. to impose upon
him, to cheat him: undidlilc, you have
defrauded me ; to confiscate property as a
punishment for an offence: inkosi inidlile
lomntu ngctyala lake, the chief ate that man,
i.e. confiscated the man's property for his
crime.
(c) To cost: ingiibo idla mali-nil what
money does your gar^nent cost.? yadla
isheleni enye, the price was one shilling.
Phr. ingwe idla ngamabala, tlie leopard is
prized for its spots.
(d) As auxiliary, iikudla is construed
with ukuba or ukut'i, signifying that
the circumstances or actions referred to are
generally or often so : amahashe adla ngokuti
afunyanive, the horses are usually found;
sidla ngokuba babi, we are usually bad ; badla
ngokuha neso'w, commonly they are sinful ;
ebcdla hixoka, he used to speak lies, was in
the habit of speaking lies.
n. 8 Food.
uku-zi-Dla, Lit. to eat oneself or feed
upon oneself; i.e. to be proud, vain, con-
ceited, to be confidently self-satisfied.
um-DH, n. I. A great eater, one of vora-
cious appetite.
um-DIa, 71. 6. Relish: into inomdla, the thing
is delicious ; fig. regard, delight, respect :
andinamdla wanto ktdento, I have no de-
light in this thing ; habcnge namdla utile
«^07»'Ka, they thought little of their mother.
isi-Dia-baiitu, n. 4. A cannibal.
i-Dla-kudIa, «. 2. ') . , ..
isi-DIa-kudIa,«.4.3^^^""°"-
in-Dla-lifa, and in-Dla mafa. n. 3. An heir.
um-DIa-mbila, n. I. Em. An imaginary
animal with a face like a dassie and a
snake's body, which lives among rocks and
preys on dassies.
u-DIa nifuno, n. l. A vegetarian.
u-DIa-mhIaba, n. I. A poor man who
picks up his livelihood here and there.
i-Dla-nyama, «. 2. One who likes to eat
meat.
i-Dla-tyani, n. 2. An animal which is
grazing on pasturage not belonging to its
owner.
um-Dl'ezinye, v. I. The snake that eats
others, and is said to move v/ith a vertical
wriggling, probably the Cj.pe cobra.
i-DI'isidudu, ?;. 2. (Lit. thepDrridge-eater).
The Red ej^ed Turtle Do.e, Turtur
semitorquatus (Rilpp.) so called from its
cooing, which is rendered as ni:k:ilu, ndip'
isidudu, grandmother, give mc porridge.
in-Dlo, n. 3. Confiscation of cattle.
isi-Dlo, n. 4. A gathering for eating, a meal,
feast; pasturage.
um-DIo, n. 6. The wild eiible sorrel.
uku-DIana, v. To eat up one another:
niyadlana ngokuholeka, ye exact usury one
of another.
— DIeka, c To be eaten away; to wear out
or away; to be spent; to be corroded: isi-
tshetshc sidlekile, the knife is worn out by
use or corroding; yadlcka itnpuhla yayo
ipela ngamagqira, she had spent all her
living upon physicians; to be fleeced by
the impositions or cheating of rogues in
business transactions.
DL
in-Dleko, «• 3. Wearing out, spending,
waste, consumption, expense.
uku-Dlela, v. To eat at, with, from: isitya
esidlela kuso, the dish we eat from ; indlii
yokudlela, a dining room; fig. to confis
cate for : nhndlela nto-nina f why do you
confiscate his property 1 Phr. nimdlel'in-
dlala, you wrong or punish him for
nothing, i.e. he is innocent.
i-Dlelo, n 2. Pasturage for stock, com-
monage.
in-Dlela, «. 3. A path, way, road : indicia
zemvelo, natural ways or passages ; aiidiyi-
honi indlela yalonto, I cannot comprehend
this matter; lento ayinandlela, tliis thing
has no way, i.e. is impracticable ; loc.
endleleni, dim. indlelana and mdledlana.
in-Dlelo, «. 3. Crop of a fowl.
uku-Dlelana, v. To eat together; to sit
together as one family; to eat at the
family meal ; to hold friendly intercourse ;
to partake of more than one's share.
i-Dlelane, «. 2. Partaker of the family
meal, mate, partner, consort.
u-Dlelano, n. 5. Those who have com-
munion; also the act of communicating.
ubu-Dlelane, and ubu-DIelwana, «. 7.
Companionship, communion, friendly
intercourse.
uku-Dlisa, v. To cause to eat, to feed:
ukudlisa ubotni, to cause to eat life, i.e.
make alive; to poison (with or without
ubu-Hlungu): umfnsi wake umdlisile, his
wife has poisoned him; fig. ukumdlis'
udaka, lit. to make him eat dirt, i.e. to
humble him ; ukudliswa amasi, to be made
to drink sour milk (a form of marriage).
When a girl is taken as a wife by a lieathen man, who
is poor and not prepared to go through the ceremony
of ukududa, he simply collects his friends and
relatives and announces that he is going to tfh.ita.
These come together on a certain day, and he
informs them that he is not going to dndu, but that
he intends simply to dlim amasi his intended wife
(lit. to maiie her drink milk). He kills an ox or
sheep or goat. Then the bridal party (uduli) enters
the kraal where the men are, and the bride kneels
before them as in the other form of marriage.
When this is over, the bridal party returns to the
house. The oldest man of the kraal (not the father
of the bridegroom) eats a bit from the intgonj/ama
meat, which must be taken from the right side of the
carcase. This he roasts carefully and then takes it
with a bowl of sour milk to the bridal party's hojse.
He carries the meat on the point of a sharp stick
which serves as a fork. When he enters the hut,
he kneels before the bride, drinks a little of the milk
and eats a bit of the roasted meat first. He then
dips the remainder of the meat in the milk and hands
It to the bride to eat. She eats it and drinks of the
milk, and the ceremony is over. She is now regarded
as a wife.
DL
i-Dliso, «. 2. That which causes sickness
when enchantments are used, or sickness
caused by ubut't. Among the Tembus it
stands for i-Rubuxa.
u-Dliso, «. 5. The form of marriage
described under uku-Dlisa.
uku-Dlisela, v. To herd, feed at a certain
place: hazidlisela inkomo emlanjeni, they
herd the cattle at the riverside.
isi-DIa, n. 4. A small bag: (a) isidla sokutsha-
ya, a tobacco pouch; (b) isidla scntUziyo,
the pericardium; (c) isidla sokugqishela,
the penis covering, usually of cloth, but
often consisting of an empty calabash or
the empty husk of some fruit. Without
this covering, the Kafir would be ashamed,
but with it he considers himself clothed.
i-Dlaba, n. 2. That which holds itself cold
and strange in spite of being loved. Phr.
ubed' idlaba, an unthankful, negligent,
unsatisfied fellow.
uku-Dlabaza, v. i. To have liberty to go
where one likes.
u-Dlabevu, «. S'-i'i-Dhvabevu.
ukut'i-Dlabi, v.. i. To rush from a dangerous
or bad place.
uku-Dlabula, v. t. To would badly; to make
havoc of; cf. uku-Tyabula.
uku-Dlabuka, v. To be badly wounded; to
burst, as a boil : inxowa idlabukile, the sack
of mealies has burst.
u-DladIa, w. 5. Em. Round enclosure of
wicker work erected in the open air for
storing maize in the cob.
i-DladlashoIo, n. 2. An animal or bird with
its hair or feathers in disorder, standing on
end; fig. a person clothed in torn and
tattered garments.
ukut'i-Dladlu, v. i. *To retreat a short dis-
tance in combat, for the purpose of gaining
time to better one's position before a new
attack: ute-dladlu ngomva, he retreated,
drew back.
i-Dlaka, n. 2. The grave with the corpse and
all the relics (clothes, saddle, pipe, bag, etc.)
of a man who has died.
in-DIakadia, n. 3. A broken up place or
tribe: hazindlakadla, they have been van-
quished and dispersed in all directions;
wenze indlikadla, he utterly routed them.
i-DIakadlaka, n. 2. One clothed in tatters;
having one's head covered with rags, untidy;
poor.
uku-Dlakavula. v. t. stronger then Dlavula.
To speak roughly or in wrath ; to rail at.
80
DL
uku-Dlakaza, v. i. To do a thing roughly; to
rummage; to sew with uneven and rough
stitches. Contrast iiku Cokisa.
u-Dlakazeliso, n. 5. Rough, harsh treat-
ment.
u-Dlal^.'w.^sJ ^ kernel or bad lump in
meat; a gland on the neck ; fig. a bad pass-
age in a letter; an exception, a fault.
Phr. ukutyanda auiadlala, lit. to cut open the
glands, i.e. to criticise for errors and discre-
pancies: indicia zaho ziketwi a?uadlala, their
ways or manners are criticised.
in-Dlala, n. 3. Dearth, {a.m'mQ: ndalala nge-
ndlala, I slept without food ; indlala yompu-
nzisa, the famine of 1885 ; see also uka-Dlela,
under uku-Dla.
uku-DIala, v. t. and i. To play, sport: aha-
titwana hayadlala, the children are playing ;
to trifle with (food).
um-Dlalo, «. 6. A play, sport, joke:
ngekwa mdlalo, without joking.
uku-Dlambadlambeka, v. To feel uncom-
fortable after sleeping; to be fidgety, rest
less.
um-DIambulo, n. 6. Th2 lower jaw = M/«.
Nqamhulo.
uku-Dlamka, v. i. To be in good spirits
merry, lively, sprightly.
uku-OIamkela, v. To be joyful, happy (at
or in a place).
uku-Dlamkisa, v. To make happy.
uku-Diamla, v. t. Em. To destroy.
um-Dlandlovu, n. 6. A name applied to two
kinds of Bauhinia.
uku-DIandluIuka, v. t. To be wild; to start
or go into a rage.
isi-Dlanga, n. 4. The charms (things or
animals) which a doctor pretends to draw
out of the body of bewitched persons.
. in-Dlanga, «. 3. A tick spotted like a tortoise
shell, infesting cattle ; the 'bont-tick'.
um-Dlangala, = um-Hlangala.
isi-DIangalala, n. 4. Furnace for melting ore.
um-Dlantolo, n. 6. A kind of chat (bird).
uku-DLATULA, v. t. To tear, pull, pluck out
(hair).
uku-Dlatuka, v. Of hair, to fall out; to be
plucked or pulled out. ^
um-Dlatuka, n. 6. One whose hair has
partly fallen out; dimin. a mean, ugly,
low fellow,
ukut'i-Dlavu, v. t. To bite into and tear with
the teeth, as a dog ; to pinch with the finger
nails.
L 81
An animal with horns
DL
i-Dlavu, n. 2. A torn, ragged, worn out
dress : ingiibo yake yalidlavu, his garment
became tatters; fig. a bad loose character.
ubu-Dlavu, ti. 7. State of poverty or rag-
gedness ; havoc.
uku-DIavula, and DIavuza, v. To tear, to
make useless (clothes) ; fig. to spoil a
speech, n. 8. Robbery, rapine.
u-DIawu, n. 5. Em. A smith's tongs.
i-Dlazalala, w. 2. A disorderly person with
dishevelled hair.
ubu-Dlazalala, n. 7. State of disorder, e.g.
of having dishevelled, uncombed hair.
in-Dlazi, ?i. 3. The speckled mousebird,
Colius striatus, Gm.
in-DIazi, n. 3.
isi-DIazi, n. 4.
stretched like wings, almost horizontally.,
in-Die, n. 3. The open field; (used only in
the locative case endle or ezmdle): ndiya
endle, I go into the field, euphem. for I go
to stool. Adj. wild: ubusi basendle, wild
honey; b.isezindle, they are abroad.
i-DIebe, n. 2. The ear of anything, e.g. the
'ear' of a pail to which the handle is
attached; amadlcbe cr.ja or ekati, 'dog's ears'
or 'cats' ears', two little projections of the
q'lya when tied after a certain fashion.
i-Dlebe lendlovu, n. 2. Trimeria alnifolia.
Planch., a small herb with an aromatic
taste, eaten after sickness in order to
give a relish to other food. (Strictly Zulu,
not Kafir).
in-Dlebe, n. 3. The ear: ndlncndlcbe, I have
ear ache; niiyinllebc yake, I listen for him,
i.e. I report to hira; ulcle tigandlctyana nyc,
he lies sick; yati ititaka cndlcbeni yam, I
heard a rumour.
in-Dlebe yemvu, «. 3. Helichrysum ap-
pendiculatum. Less., a medicinal plant for
colds and coughs.
um-Dlebe, n. 6. White iron wood; when
made into powder and sprinkled it is be-
lieved to drive away th2 enemy.
ukut'i-DIeke, v. t. To spread out; to expose
oneself by spreading out the legs.
in-DIeko, in-Dlela, etc., see under uku-Dla.
in-Dlela, i-Dlelane, etc., see uku Dla.
isi-DIele, n. 4. Cheek: iziilele ezimhekHeyo,
hollow cheeks.
i-Dlelo, in-DIe!o, see uku-Dla.
u-Dlendlelele, «. l. One who has no helper,
master or owner i^ akanabani. cf. in-Dlaka-
DL
um-DIesa, n, 6. A name given to two species
of trees, (a) the Christmas-tree, Pavetta
lanceolata., Eckl., and (b) the wild coffee,
Kraussia lanceolata, SonJ.
um-Dlezana, n. I. A woman who is still
suckling her child. If an um:ilczana or
sucking child passes near a snake, the
smell of the milk is believed to immediately
overpower the snake and render it helpless.
in-Dlezana, n. 3. An animal which has
recently given birth to a young one, e.g. a
cow with a young calf.
um-Dlezana, «. 6. A hen with young chick-
ens.
um-DII, see uku-Dla.
ukut'i-Dliki, V. t. To give a person a single
push ; to shake a person once.
uku-Dlikidla, v. To shake well: utub :mbe
wamdlikidla, he caught hold of him and
gave him a good shake; to seize and
shake as a dog does.
i-Dliso, in-DIo, etc., see uku-Dla.
uku-Dloba, v. i. To jump or run about like
calves or goats; Phr. akuko tikonyana yaka
yadloha nkundla tnbini, lit. no calf ever
skipped about in two folds, i.e. no man
can be famous or great under two chiefs.
— DIobisa, v. To cause to skip or run; fig.
wadhtyiswa yiniihlali, he jumped for joy.
in-DIodIo, n. 3. Poor, miserable, dispersed,
scattered people ; an orphan.
i-Dlodlosholo, «. 2. An animal with long
hair on its back standing up; a person with
uncombed hair, stretching more than the
usual length.
isi-DlokoIo, «. 4. A cap of baboon's skin.
uku-Dlokova, v. i. To plunge, buck, as an
untrained horse or ox : inkomo zetii ziyaku-
dlokova, our /oto/.z-cattle will give the
drivers much trouble by raising their tails
and scampering off (if we eat the tail of a
sheep or cow). Hence girls must not eat
tails.
uku-Dloia, V. i. To be barren, said of human
beings and inferior animals; to be un-
productive, unfruitful, etc.
u-DIoIo, n. 5. A barren one; fem. udlolokazi.
in-Dloloti, «. 3. An animal with large staring
eyes, as a hare or frog.
ukut'i-DfondIo, v. i. To get or become a
little higher.
in-DlondIo, n. 3. A high forehead; cf. in-
Tlontlo. I
isi-DlondIo, n. 4. A middle-sized person, '
82
A wild, hasty.
DL
uku-Dlondluluka = uku-Dlandluluka.
ukut'i-Dlongodlongo, v. i. To act wildly or
hastily, without care or plan.
i-DIongodlongo, n. 2.
isi-Dlongodlongo, n. 4.
noisy person: Itsand' ukugqita apa elo-
dlongodlongo, that hasty, noisy fellow has
_ just passed here.
ubu-Dlongodlongo, n. 7. Hurry, haste,
wildness, tempestuousness.
isi-DlongoIolo, n. 4. One who does every-
thing with haste or hurry.
uku-Dlongoza, v. To be rowdy, to rush
tumultuously, to rage.
isi-DIongozi, n. 4. Rushing into anger or
rage.
uku-DIongozela, v. To rush tumultuously
to ; = ukuti-Dlongodlongo.
uku-Dlopa, V. obsolete, = uku-Tyapa.
i-DIopatyapa, n. 2. One who begins well,
but does not persevere, who cannot be
relied upon; a fickle, shifty, unsteady
person: stika, ulidlopatyapa, begone! I
cannot rely upon you.
uku-DIova, V. t. To spoil a thing, to make
havoc of it.
isi-DIova, n. 4. People of bad, rough, violent
character. Em. Poor, oppressed people
whose property has been confiscated;
vassals.
ukut'i-Dlovu, V. t. Of a cow, to stab with its
horn; to pierce: ittaliti indite-dlovu, the
needle has gone into me.
in-DIovu, n. 3. The elephant. Prov. Akuko
ndlovn isindtva ngumboko zvayo, lit. no
elephant ever felt the burden of its own
trunk, i.e. a man will not admit the failure
of his own idea.
isi-Dlovudlovu, w. 4. One who takes any
thing without permission ; one who spoils,
who will have his own way to the injury
of others.
uku-DIovula, t;. To take without permission,
etc.
i-DIozJ, n. 2. Semen virile; people of the
same seed.
in DIozi, n. 3. The serval, Felis serval Erxl.
in-Dlu, n. 3. House, hut, dwelling, abode.
Usendhvini yoke, he is in his house; indlu
Hula, (opposed to indln inzima), the house
has not many people or chattels ; indlu yc-
niaka, a bird's nest; indlu yesigcau, a spider's
web ; itidki encinane eiigasetnva or yelindle, a
water-closet; ulelc ngendlu, he is laid up
at home, i.e. he is lying very ill. (The house
of a chief's great wife is held sacred as a
place of refuge for culprits.)
DL
ukut'i DIu, V. t. To fix the eyes, stare, gaze
on nothing.
i-Dlu, n. 2. A swelling from bruises or con-
tusion; pi. amadlu, bubbles, wind in the
stomach; a crowd of people; iilwandle
lusuk' amadlu, the sea has big waves,
breakers; indoda isuk' amadlu, the man
became excited, ardent, hot ; yenza amadlu,
he kept on speaking and would not leave off.
isi-DIubu, w. 4. Brownish mark of burning on
the stomach, got from sitting too much
over the fire. Dimin, isidlutyana, marks
from burning, a brown mark on the belly
of a beetle.
u-Dlubu, n. 5. In phr. uyoUs'udluhu, he speaks
without end.
uku-DIubuka, v. i. Of a boil or ulcer, to
burst open; of the skin, to peel off after
being scalded; to be rotten; to present
a sickening appearance, as a decomposing
corpse.
uku-Dludla, V. i. To be restless, unsteady; to
be changeable in one's affections.
isi-Dludlwana, n. 4. That which is not big,
though not small.
i Dluka, n. 2. Bustle, disturbance : ^(7^^ ^;/&^
lidluka, there will at length be uneasiness,
disunion or discord.
isi-Dlukulu, n. 4. = isi-Dlokolo.
u-Dlukulwana, «. 5. Kafir-corn with short
and thick ears.
uku-DHJLA,^'.^ and?. To pass by, go beyond
a place : wadlula ebuhlanti, he passed by the
cattle fold ; inkosi yadhda apa izolo, the chief
passed here yesterday; fig. to surpass,
excel: lomntu wasidlula ngohulumko, that
man surpassed us in wisdom ; lento iyandi-
dlula, this matter is beyond me, i.e. beyond
my comprehension. (Ukumdlula is the
euphem. expression for sleeping with a
wife for the first time. )
um-Dluli, n. i. One passing through.
in-DIula-miti, w. 3. The giraffe (lit. the
one higher than the trees).
uku-DIulana, v. To pass by each other; to
surpass each other in height, etc.
— Dlulela, V. To pass by to a certain
place: sadlulele kweyake itidlu, we passed
on to his house.
— DIulisa, V. To cause to pass or go
beyond; to excel, surpass; to make an
offence pass away, by forgiving and
forgetting it.
— Dlulisela, v. To cause a thing to pass
for or on account of ; to excel in or on
account of.
83
DL
ukut'i-DIundlu, v. i. To grow or get a little
bigger or older (of a child between ten or
twelve years) ; cf. ukutt-Dlondlo.
um-Dlungu, w. 6. Rotten grain ; the refuse
after reaping, used for feeding pigs and
hens or for making beer.
isi-Dlutyana, ;/. 4. Dimin. of isi-Dlubu.
in-Dlwabevu, «. 3. A very sweet or deli-
cious thing.
in-Dlwambedlu, n. 3. A worthless, use-
less thing, good for nothing.
isi-Dlwambedlu, n. 4. A useless, bad fellow.
in-Dlwambedlwili, k 3. A useless, though
pretentious, person.
in-Dlwana, n. 3. Dimin of in-Dlu. A trap
with a door.
izi-Dlwenga, «. 4. pi. Great darkness before
a thunderstorm: iziilu lizidlwenga, the sky
has a threatening appearance.
isi-Dlwengu, n. 4. One who commits vio-
lence on a woman; a violent, lawless man.
ubu-Dlwengu, n. 7. Ravishment, rape.
ukuDlwenguIa, v. To ravish a woman by
force, to rape, violate ; to act with vio-
lence: ihashe lindidlwetigule, the horse
bolted with me.
uku-Dlwengulela, v. To ravish.
uku-Dobelela, v. t. To adjudge: umgwebi
wamdobelela, the judge punished him severe-
ly ; uyazidohelela, he brings upon himself a
heavy punishment ; he makes his guilt
greater by adding other crimes.
— Dobeleleka, v. To be adjudged to a
long and severe punishment.
i-DOBILirvi, n. 3. A penny; Du. dubbeltje.
i-Dobo, n. 2. General term for long, coarse
grass.
u-Dobo, n. 5. from uku-Loba. A fishhook.
uku-Doda, v. i. To become a man by
circumcision ; to play the man.
in-Doda, n. 3. plur. amadoda. A man, a
married man, a husband: indoda yomzi, a.
public man; hence, strength, valour,
prowess: uyindoda, you are a man, you
are manly.
in-Doda yolwandle, ")^
in-Doda yomkombe, 3
seaman, mariner.
isi-Doda, n. 4. (a) Mankind, (b) The male
genitals; umakulu osidoda, my grandfather
(old Kafir).
ubu-Doda, n. 7. Manhood, manliness, eu-
phem, for the penis; virility.
in-Dodakazi, n. 3. The sister-in-law of a
wife, i.e. her husband's sister.
in-Dodana, n. 3. plur. atnadodana. A youth,
young man.
3. A sailor,
DO
u-Dodana, ;/. 5. A number of young men.
xibu-Dodaiia, //. 7. Youth.
isi-Dodo, }i. 4. A fat, heavy mass, atonic,
feeble, not lively or active ; one much below
the ordinary size, a dwarf; one who cannot
walk or speak; a child who exceeds the
usual period, ere it begins to walk-
iimnKmna tisiJodo bumini, the child has be-
come a cripple after having been able to
walk.
ubu-Dodo, «. 7. The weight or heaviness of
a fat body, such as a fat pig.
u-DoDOl'/OYI, «. I. from Du. dood gooien,
'throw dead,' i.c. throw and kill. Heavy
bread that would kill one if thrown at him.
Any hard, heavy bread.
um-Doko, n. 6. A cattle disease.
um-Doko, n. 6. = anta-R'ewu.
i-Dokodoko, n. 2. A person with a harsh,
rough voice: nkuteta tig.'lizivi elidokoiokwana,
to hector.
isi-Dokodoko. w. 4. The weight or thick-
ness of a block, which nobody can carry.
uku-Dokozela, v. To speak in a loud, deep
bass voice.
— Dakozelisa, v. To make oneself big;
to hector.
u-Dokolwana, n. I. A steam-tug.
uku-DoIa, V. i. To be disabled, benumbed,
stiff from cold; to have no feeling; to
be sleepy, drowsy, indolent, phlegmatic,
apathetic.
— Dollsa, V. To make indolent, etc.
um-Dolo, H. 6. Plenty, abundance; a great
feast where many people eat much meat to
satisfaction.
i-Do!o, n. 2. The knee. Phr. iikiiba tiomta
wedolo, to be alone.
i-Dolo lenkonyana, n. 2. The smaller
dock, Rumex eckloni Mcis7t., used for
tapeworm.
in-DoIolwane, n. 3. The heavy leaning on
knees and elbows, in drawing with great
effort something out of the water or out
of a ditch, or in drawing a thing towards
oneself; holding fast a bullock which is
about to escape from one's hand. Phr.
nmviindla uiicndololwatie, the hare runs fast
so as to leave the dogs behind; siwe or
senze ngendololwane, we have fallen on
our knees, i.c. we worship, we pi-ay.
um-Dolomba, n. 6. The undulation or
overflowing of a x'lvtr: amaiizi angumdolo-
mha, the waves of the river rise, move up
and down ; the undulations of a snake ; a
pillar of smoke; fig. ungumdolomba, he is
tall and stout.
DO
i-DOLOPU, K. 3. A village, town ; Du. dorp.
i-Doiosi, w. 2. Lungsickness.
Domb6, n. 2. A nicely-formed leg.
uku-Dombdza, v. i. To speak loudly and
slowly in expressing thanks, using many
agreeable expressions.
isi-DoMU, n. 4. A stupid person; Du. hij is
dom, he is stupid.
uku-Domula, and Donc{i\Si, = uku-Donyula.
in-Dondo, «. 3. A person of rank; a gentle-
man: indondo zomzi, the chief men of the
place, = abanini-mzi.
u-Dondolo, n. 5. A long walking staff used to
support the infirm; anything which is long:
indicia iludondolo, the road is long; see
uku-Va.
i-Dondololo, n. 2. = um-Dondosholo.
um-Dondolosholo, «. 6. = um-Dondosholo.
uku-DondopSlela, v. i. To stay, remain, for-
get; cf. nku-Dandapila.
um-Dondosholo, n. 6. A big root on the
surface of the ground ; fig. a swollen blood-
IJvessel : a swollen weal as the result of a
beating; a man with a big body; a big
ridge.|
uku-Dondota, v. i. To repeat the words of
a message exactly, or keep on doing the
same thing.
— Dondoteia, v. To bring out the last drop
in milking : to press down with all one's
might: fig. to empty oneself by explain-
ing thoroughly; to^. speak clearly and
distinctly.
u-Donga, h. 5. A wall, dam, mound; the bank
of a river; plur. indonga, a washed-out gully.
Phr. indonga ziwclene, the walls have fallen
one against the other, used of a dispute
between persons of high rank.
i-Dongwane, n. 2. Indifference, beclouded
understanding, loss, damage, misfortune,
= i-Masi, and i-Qoqonya; unedongwane lo-
kufa, the dying person has no longer any
understanding.
u-Dongwe, n. 5. Pot-clay.
um-Dotigwe. n. 6. Prepared, formed clay;
vessel formed of clay.
um-Doni, n. 6. The Water-tree, Eugenia
cordata. Laws.
uku-Dontsa, - uku-Duntsa.
ukj-Donyula, v. t. To pull up by the roots;
to eradicate.
in-Doqo, «. 3. Secret charms and medicines,
used espec. by Malay doctors, not acces-
sible to other common people, but supposed
to be powerful to overcome sickness.
84
DO
i-DoSHA, 71. 3. A tinder box (from Du. doos).
uku-Dovalala, v. i. To sit long in a certain
posture, unable to get up through weakness ;
cf. tiku-Dwala.
ukut'i-Du, V. i. To go off at once, as a flight
of pigeons; kute-du! it is gone, lost! du
uhambe, you must proceed then; du uvele,
come forth now ; hall-du, they (people,
sheep, or birds) ran off or dispersed.
uku-DUBA, V. t. pass, dutywa. To mingle,
compound; to form, mix different things
together in one mass for food, as a stew ;
to knead earth, water and cowdung to-
gether; to tread clay; to trample on the
belly ; fig. to bring into disorder, confusion ;
to disturb, mingle in strife.
u-Dubo, 71. 5. Confusion.
isi-Dubanti, or isi-Dubantini, w. 4. One
perplexed or at a loss.
uku-Dubaduba, v. To disturb, mix up:
i7ija iyazidubaduha igusha, the dog makes
the sheep run pellmell. Adverbially used
it means to do, beat, touch, etc, contin-
ually, repeatedly.
in-Dubanduba, «. 3. One whose object!
is to mislead.
isi-Dubedube, n. 4. Uproar, tumult, stir,
bustle, commotion, as when an enemy is
among cattle; disorder, riot, clamour,
confusion.
uku-Dubadubeka, v. To be in a disturbed
state.
— Dubata, ?•. To perplex, embarrass,
disturb : to go aimlessly, unconcernedly.
— Dubateka, v. To be perplexed.
uku-Dubada, v. i To look about among
objects, as if to see whether all expected
to be seen are present; to search among
a number for one or more.
i-Dube, w. 2. The quagga.
isi-Dubu, n. 4. A collection of u7/i-Dubu trees.
um-Dubu, n. 6. The name given to two
species of Bush Willow, Combretum
erythrophyllum So7td. and C. salicifolium
E. Mey. Em. iim-Dohi.
um-Dubu wehlati, n. 6. Combretum kraus-
sii Hochst.
i-Dubudubu, 71. 2. A person or animal,
whose body has become swollen from
sickness, like dropsy, or whose carcase is
swollen through putrescence; that which
has become soft and pulpy; fig. tasteless,
insipid; the failing to say or to do that
which is required.
in-Dubula, «. 3. A species of lizard, real or
imaginary.
85
DU
uku-DUBULA, v. t. and i. pass, dutyulwa.
To burst or force out; to shoot: waduhula
7ig077tpu, he fired off the gun ; i)ttaka zadutyu-
Iwa nguye, the birds were shot by him ; to
strike the udder with the muzzle as a calf
does, or with the fist, as a milker does; fig.
to wound, smite, chide, hit hard by strong
words: uTididubule 7igokuteta kwako, you have
hurt me by your words ; of plants, to shoot
forth in blossom ; of cereals, to come into
ear: uTTibofia uyadubula, the maize has put
forth ears (fifth stage of growth) ; to move
swiftly as a meteor, or as a sharp pain; to
move in the womb as a foetus. Phr. akuko
nkang' idubul ivget'i, lit. there is no ragwort
that blossoms and does not wither, i.e.
everything is perishable; he once played
a good part, or it has had its day.
— Dubuleka, v. To be fit for going off:
U7npu awudubuleki, the gun does not go off;
fig. to be hurt, mortified, angry, offended.
— Dubulisa, v. To cause to shoot, as fine
weather does to vegetables.
in-Dubule, «. 3. The largest species of South
African frog, Rana adspersa Bibr.^is-
A7iyanko77io.
uku-Dubuza, v. t. To break a large lump (of
earth) into small particles with the feet; to
make mud.
uku-DUDA, V. i. To dance the umdiddo; v. t.
To beat, thrash a person.
in-Dudi, k. 3. A good dancer: fem. iii-Dudi-
kazi.
um-Dudo, 71. 6. A formal outdoor dance in
front of the kraal at a marriage feast,
. without which a marriage is not legal,
or at i7t-Tonja7ie; see uku-Guqa and uku-
Hlaba u/TtkoTtto. Phr. TijengorTidudo ka-
Mapasa, like the marriage festivities
of Mapasa, denotes anything unusually
grand; it is said that these festivities
were carried on for a whole year; u/Tidudo
woTio/ikala, the crab's dance, i.e. much
ado about nothing, a storm in a teapot.
Both men and women take part in the
u77idudo, which is performed in the open
air, and only during the day, never after
sunset. It consists of two parts. First
uku-XtTia, in which the men, ranged side
by side in rows, from two to four deep,
simultaneously rise perpendicularly a
foot or so from the ground and simul-
taneously descend on the same spot, while
the women stand behind them singing
(tsholoza). Second uhi-Tyuluba, in which
both men and women, either in extended
DU
lines, or in one encircling those engaged |
in the xina, make their whole bodies
quiver from head to foot. The men and !
women are not mixed up promiscuously i
in either part. The men are almost naked,
having on only the isi-Dla, ornaments,
and perhaps the skin of i-Ula hanging
down the back. The women appear in
full dress, being clothed from head to
ankle. Formerly they had on the head
an immense cap covered with beads, and
bound on with long broad ribbons made
of bluebuck skins, and on the body a
great cloak or mantle made of oxhide.
uku-Dudela, v. Phr. u-Dingnve wadudelwa
ngu-Zamhise, she grew old and past the
time of marriage.
u-Dude, n. 5. That which is without a pro-
prietor.
i-Dudu, n. 2. Grains of maize roasted in the
ashes by children ; persons of the same age.
isi-Dudii, u. 4. Porridge (distinguished from
um-Qa, stiff or thick porridge); see uku-
Silela.
um-Dudu, ff. 6. That which is common or
belonging to several.
ukut'i-DU DU DU, v. i. To make the noise
du dit: ndafika esiti du du dii amasi,
I arrived when she was pouring out the
sour milk, with the gurgling sound du du.
uku-Duduma, v. To thunder: izulu liyadu-
duma, the heaven thunders ; to disperse
in great numbers from one spot, as a
flock of sheep, a herd of cattle, a swarm
of locusts, a multitude of people (from
the dull sound made by their movement)
in- and u-Dudunia, ;/. 3. and 5. Thunder.
uku-Dudumela, v. To approach to with
noise.
— Dudumisa, v. To cause or make a noise
resembling thunder, as when a wrathful
chief drives the people from his presence,
or when a herd of cattle is driven
hurriedly, or a troop of horses made to
gallop: to blow a rock up into the air.
— Duduz&la, V. To shake, tremble, shiver,
quiver.
— Duduzelisa, v. To make to tremble.
ukut'i-DUKE, and uku-DUKA, v. i. To
wander away among strangers and be un-
known ; to be lost to view : inkomo zidnkHe
ehlat'mi, the cattle have disappaared in the
forest ; kutiwe-diikc, it is lost.
isi-Duko, n. 4. (a) Removal from one
country to another, (b) Family name or
honour, such as i-Tshaivc or i-Gqwaslm ;
the name of the ancestor or stock from
which a clan or tribe is descended, used
as an exclamation by members of that
clan or tribe; ve.c&nt = isiBizo.
um-Duka, w. 6. One who has wandered
away and is lost among strangers, as an ox
which has left its owner and its herd and
has joined another, the owner not know-
ing where it is.
uku-Dukisa, v. To conceal anything from
the view or knowledge of its owner who
inquires respecting it; to cause to dis-
appear, to be lost; to evade, put off,
digress, neglect; to leave off speaking
when another approaches, or when one
feels hit; not to take notice of what is
said; to act as if one has not seen or
heard, as if the matter was not before
him.
in-Dukiso, n. 3. An indisposition to attend
to what is said; evasion.
u-Dukiso, n. 5. Disregard, neglect, non-
attention, remissness, slighting, evading.
uku-Dukisela, v. To cause to disappear,
etc., in a certain locality.
uku-Dukalala and ukut'i-Dukalala, v. i.
To be declined, turned or put off.
i-Duku, «. 2. A stone for grinding upon:
ete wgqandulo tidiqandule idtiku, bring a
cutting-stone that I may dress the grinding
stone.
in-Duku, n. 3. A knobbed stick or club for
throwing at game or for fighting. Phr.
induku ayinainzi, lit. the stick has no kraal,
i.e. where there is much quarrelling or fight-
ing, the kraal (village) will not grow; strife
is the mother of poverty.
uku-Dukuda, v. t. To stir, as porridge; fig.
to make that which is weak or lame worse
by using it, as to ride a lame horse, or
travel with a lame foot ; to tire oneself; to
destroy health by hard labour.
u-Dukudo, «. 5. A large wooden spoon for
stirring food.
uku-Dukudeka, v. To be worse ; to be
exhausted, as that which is weak or lame,
owing to excess of activity.
u-Dukuduku, n. 5. An extensive forest ;
dense smoke ; fig. wide spread reports.
uku-Dukuza, v. i. To move in a forest
where there is no way; to grope in the
dark.
uku-Dukumfisa, v. t. To beat or stab with a
blunt instrument.
uku-Dula, V. i. To lie as an inert mass.
DU
uku-DULA, V. i. To be dear, from Du. duur.
DULU, adj. Dear, from Du. duur.
in-Dulana, n. 3. A hillock (dirain. of in-Duli).
isi-DuIanqa, n. 4. A crammed sack; a large
stack, etc.
i-Duli, n. 2. An engagement, battle between
two great chiefs.
in-Duli, n. 3. (a) A hill: twihlabd undulf, the
ground is hilly; dimin. indulana. (b) A
practice in which a number of women go
to a: married daughter's village with a
bundle of thatch or firewood, or to weed
her garden, and have an animal slaughtered
for them ; allied to u-Duli.
isi-DuH, «. 4. (a) A termite heap; Phr.
ndatnenza isiduli, I gave him nothing to eat,
I made him look on only at our eating;
nqika isiduli, open the termite heap, i.e.
bring out the secrets of your heart, (b) A
swoon, fainting fit: wawa or walala isiduli,
weqwiti siduli, he fell in a fit, he lay in a
swoon, senseless as if dead, (c) Brachylsene
elliptica Less., a kind of tree used for
producing fire; one piece is pointed and
inserted into a small hole made in the side
of another piece ; the pointed stick is made
to revolve rapidly, and, as it revolves, it
produces a brown dust which soon be-
comes red-hot and can be blown with
tinder into a flame.
isi-DuIi sehlati, «. 4. The wild myrtle,
Eugenia zeyheri Harv. #
u-DuIi, n. 5. (a) The party selected or appoint-
ed by a bride's father to accompany her to her
future home. The party consists of persons
of both sexes, from five to ten in number.
They carry the bride's outfit and presents
to the bridegroom's village. They always
contrive to arrive there in the evening, and
sit down in a place where they cannot fail
to be observed. Should they not be noticed,
they call attention by coughing, as strangers
coming into a place are prevented by Kafir
etiquette from being the first to speak.
When accosted they say they are a party
of travellers who have been benighted, and i
would be thankful for a place to sleep in.
A hut is assigned them, and they occupy it
till the marriage ceremony is over. On
their arrival at the hut, they receive a good
thrashing to make them urinate (see uku-
Tunda.) The things dropped now-a-days
are coins. On their entering the hut an
animal is slaughtered for them. On
their return home they drive the dowry
DU
given for the bride, if this was not done be-
fore. An uduli for which an animal has
been slaughtered, and an umdudo held, is
taken as proof that there has been a
marriage. See uku-Dliswa atnasi.
(h) A smaller mountain bamboo.
u-Duludulu, n. 5. A struggle with each
other; a pulling hither and thither; dis-
traction, continual disagreement, pro-
tracted war.
uku-DuIusa, v. To stoop with the buttocks
raised or exposed; to stretch forwards ;
to incline towards in preference; to
stoop and endeavour to reach a thing;
fig. to quit the service of a chief or
master for another.
— Dulusela, v. To incline towards a
certain place, as a promontory stretches
into the sea, or a bay or gulf into the
land: inqwelo idulusele ew^'tii, the
wagon inclined towards the precipice;
fig. to act with partiality by giving one a
larger portion than others, all having
equal rights.
— Duluduiusa, v. To try to overcome
difficulties by turning here and there,
without being always successful ; to act
with tno much haste.
i-DuluduIusa, w. 2. A person who makes
many or various attempts to overcome
a thing although he may not be successful.
in-Dulumbane, «. 3. Rushing over or upon;
impetuosity with violence, fury: besuka
indulumhaiic kuyc, they got up ?.nd rushed
upon him.
isi-Dulwane, n. 4. Em. Unthrashed Kafir-
corn tied in bundles, to be carried away on
the head ; cf . i-Sinde.
u-Duma, n. 5- A wound on the hsad caused
by a blow; fig. bad ploughing, with banks
left between the ploughed furrows; a fine
for fighting: hlaulclani indumn, pay a fine
for the wounds on the heads.
um-Duma, n. 6. The Water-tree, Ilex capsn-
sis Harv. and So id.
ukut'i-DUM DUM, v. i. To hum, as bees; to
mumble or muttsr, as a child shewing its
displeasure at being sent an errand.
ama-Dumdum, //. 2. pi. Dull sounds, as of
people talking low; mut^erings, murmur-
ings.
in- and u-Dunidum, n. 3. and 5. Muttering.
uku-Duma, v. pass, dunyiva. To hum as
bees; to make a deep toned noise; to
triumph as victors: kiiyaJunywa, triumph
is shouted; to become famous, renowned.
87
DU
as warriors or hunters ; to be honoured,
victorious ; to bear an excellent character :
iganta lake ladutna kulo lonke ilizwe, his
name became famous in all the land; to
become notorious : yaduma loiito yada yaba
nkulu, the matter increased, until it be-
came great or notorious ; ukutya kuyaduma,
food is reported to be abundant ; to per-
form a military salute.
isi-Duma-banzi, n. 4. A very famous one ;
a report widely spread about.
in- and u-Dumasi, «. 3. and 5. Sound
of distant thunder; fig. a widespread
rumour, fame.
in- and u-Dumo, «. 3. and 5. Rumour,
report, fame, honour, renown, triumphal
song.
isi-Dumo, n. 4. Virtue, family honour or
fame, respect, regard. Phr. unantsi uteiige
isidumo ukuba adume, such a one has
bought a substance to cause him to be
famous; cf. isi-Dinta and isi-Duko.
In this phrase it is a fame-philtre, used
by the magicians who profess to be able |
to give them so as to cause fame, and
those who wish to become renowned buy
philtres from them and have to slaughter
an animal into the bargain.
uku-Dumela, v. To become famous, re-
nowned, reputed for or on account of
any deed: kuha edumele tibunxila, for he
is notorious for drunkenness; udunyelwe
hikohlnkala, he is notoriously bad; to
triumph over.
in-Dumela, n. 3. Notoriety, fame, reputa-
tion, a report noised about.
um-Dunyelwa, n. I. A renowned, famed
person.
uku-Dumisa, v. To make famous; to cele-
brate noble deeds; to speak highly or
with much respect of; to praise, magnify,
laud, honour: inkosi yadiinyiswa ngabantti
bayo, the chief was praised by his people.
in-Dumiso, w. 3. Praise (obj.), a psalm.
isi-Dumiso, n. 4. The thing that praises,
or praise in the abstract.
u-Dumiso, w. 5. The act of making famous
or of praising (subj.).
um-Dumiso, «. 6. The celebration of
praise; laudation, glorification, en-
comium.
uku-Dumzela, v. To make a low, murmur-
ing, mumbling sound; to mutter, whisper
between the teeth; to grumble, growl.
— Dumzelana, v. To murmur, etc., among
themselves.
— Dumzelisa, v. To cause to grumble, etc.
A mass, heap; but
DU
uku-Duma, v. i. Of food, to be insipid, taste-
less, flavourless.
— Dumala, t;. To be perplexed, disappoint-
ed, dejected; of food, to become insipid,
tasteless: ukuila kwako kudumele, your
food is puzzling, i.e. has no flavour, is
vapid, =: uku-Dimala.
— Dumaza, v. To perplex, trouble by
questions; to place in difficulties; to
annoy, insult, mortXiy, = nkU'Dima2a.
in-Dumanga, «. 3. A soft, smooth place for
lying down, like a sofa; a place of rest.
uku-DUMB'A, V. i. To swell, tumefy: isandla
sam sidiimbile, my hand is swollen.
in-Dumba, «. 3. )
isi-Dumba, 77.4. j
indnmba is more extensive than isidtimba ;
indumba yavtazimba or isidumba samazimba,
a heap of Kafircorn ; indumba yabantu
(not isidumba sabantu), a crowd of men,
as it were in a heap.
in-Dumbi, n. 3. A heap.
um-Dumba, n. 6. A pod, a lith of an
orange; bulk; eyom-Dumba, The month of
February, when the grain is swelling.
isi-Dumbu, n. 4. A dead body, a carcase :
isidumbii somntu, a dead body ; izidumbii
zahantu, the bulk of the people.
urn Dumbu, 77. 6. A crowd of men sitting
down at eating.
uku-Dumbisa, v. To cause to swell; to
make tumid.
in-Dumbisa, n. 3. A stye on the edge of
the eyelid; fig. amazivi andumb'isa, bom-
bastic words.
uku-Dumba, v. t. To hit an animal on the
body, instead of on the head as intended :
iva/umana wadumba, he shot or threw into
the air, i.e. he did not hit.
um-Dumba, n, 6. A cast into the air, a
random shot.
i-Dumbe, 77. 2. (a) Palsy, shaking, (b) The
edible tuber of a large leaved Calladium.
in-Dumela, in-Dumis3, etc., see ukutl-
Dum-dum.
i Dumnyasi, n. 2. A head ornament, necklet,
(fr. the Hottentot Damywas).
in-Dumo, etc., see ukut'i-Diim-dum.
i-Duna, 77. 2. (a) A male; applied only to
animals: itol'iduna, a bull calf, (b) A man
who will not go to court to serve a chief,
and is therefore despised.
in Duna, 77. 3. (a) A male animal: inja induna,
a male dog; intenetya induna, a male hare,
etc. (It is affixed to the generic names of
animals^ (b) A person w'lo by birth or
DU
otherwise is a degree above the com-
monalty ; one in authority ; a chief councillor
or minister of the chief; a head, leader of
the army.
um-Duna, and um-Dunakazi, n, I. A being
who excels all rothers of the same kind in
power or strength, as a lion, elephant, king;
used only ironically, jokingly or playfully.
ubun-Duna, w. 7. The dignity of prime
minister.
uku-Dundubala, v. i. To crouch, as from
fear or cold.
stretched out, exposed like a dead person;
cf. ukuti-Qungqululti.
isi-DunduIuza, 11. 4. A body, dead or alive,
lying at full stretch.
!*DuT°unga.'i T„dis.urb.e.g.apoo,,by
throwing a stone into it; to nlake water
muddy by stirring: antanzi adungiwe, the
water has been made muddy; to mix up,
mingle with ; to rush among, scatter, stir,
trouble, put to flight : injn yazidunga igusha,
the dog rushed among the sheep and
scattered them. The word used of people
is ukii-Qungaqunga.
isa-Dunge, n. 4. A muddy wet place, a pool
or pond among rushes and reeds; fig.
confusion, disturbance, tumult, uproar.
i-Dungadunga, ti. 2. A disturber, a rest-
less person ; a vagabond, vagrant.
isi-Dungadunga, ?t. 4. Tumult, disturbance,
uproar.
u-Dungadungo, tt. 5. Disturbance, discom-
fiture.
uku-Dunganisa, v. To mix, as unmarked
sheep that have several owners: igusha
zam zidnnganisiwc, my sheep are mixed
up with others.
— Dungeka, v. To be scattered: abantu ba-
dungekile, the people live scattered in
bad places ; to become troubled, disturbed,
um-Dungela, n. l. A person or animal
that has left its owner and got mixed up
with others; a bastard (?).
ukut'i-Dungu, v. i. To run off suddenly, at
once ; = ukut'i-Du.
uku-Dungudela, v. To abandon friends
and place of abode thoughtlessly; to
wander about without aim or home, like
a deranged person; to loiter about as a
vagabond.
i-Dungudwane, n. 2. One who has no
fixed place of abode; a vagrant, vaga-
bond.
M
DU
uku-Dungudelisa, v. To cause to become
estranged and unsettled ; to perplex, con-
found, confuse; not to allow others to
speak; to lead others off their aim.
— Dunguzela, v. To burn or set on fire
(a garment).
— Dunguzeka, v. To burn away or off:
iruluwa iyadunguzcka, the powder goes or
burns off.
in-Dungula, n. 3. A swollen lump or mass;
a person who has no teeth, and whose gums
appear swollen in consequence; an old
toothless ox whose gums appear swollen.
isi-Dungulu, n. 4. A small piece or strip of
cold meat; dimin. isidiingulwana, tit-bits of
news.
u-Dungulu, 71. 5. A species of black wasp,
called spider-catcher.
u-Dunkanka, n. 5. A mystery: ityala ludu-
nkanka, the crime or guilt is a mystery,
still in the dark, not yet revealed, not come
out fully.
u-Dunkudunku, ] „. 5. a ceaseless report ;
u-Dunkunku, ) ■'
a rumour which is constantly spread among
the people ; persistent noise, confusion, riot ;
any protracted evil, as famine, sickness,
war.
uku-Duntsa, v. i. To press at stool; to strain
the bowels in case of constipation; to
groan (cattle).
i-Duntso, n. 2. The colon.
ama-Duntsuduntsu, n. 2. pi. Struggle,
strife, fight in which there is a straining.
i-Dunyasi, n. 2. = i-Du>nnyasi.
um-Dunyelwa, see under ukutt-Dum-dum.
i-Dupa, n. 2. Assafoetida, devil's drop.
uku-Dufula, V. t. To give a hard knock; to
knock a person down.
uku-Dufuleka, v. To receive hard knocks.
u-Dushe, n. 5. That which is the immediate
cause of war; secret information of a
scandalizing character; noise, hubbub,
strife, contention: wenze udushc, you have
raised strife.
i-Duze, n. 2. The immediate neighbourhood:
kuseduze = kukufiipl
uku-DuzuIeka, v. i. To regret the loss of
any thing ; to feel bad treatment.
Dwa, Adj. (I) A single one ; one only, alone ;
ndedwa and ttdodwa, I alone; pi. sodwa or
sedwa, we alone ; wedwa, thou alone ; pi.
nedwa or nodwa, you alone; yedwa, he
alone; pi. bodwa, they alone; cl. 2. lodwa, it
alone; pi. odwa, they alone ; cl. 3. yedwa, pi.
zodwa ; cl. 4. sodwa, pi. zodwa ; cl. 5. lodwa,
DW
pi. zodwa; cl. 6. wodwa, pi. yodwa ; cl. 7.
lodwa, it alone; cl. 8. kodwa, see Kodwa.
(2) Hence unique, strange, wonderful, pre-
eminent : ndibone ziiito zizodwa, I have seen
strange things.
(3) Separate, excluded, equivalent to English
'besides': ngabo abo babekonza nkumkani,
bebodwa abamisiwcyo iigiikiimkani emizinienqa-
tyisiweyo, these are those who waited on
the king, besides those whom the king put
in the fenced cities.
in-Dwa, and in-Dwandwa, «. 3. A thing
which is alone, i.e. in worth, precious,
valuable: iyindiva lento or indwa yento,
this thing is precious.
in-Dv/a-yento, n 3. ] Qne who is un-
u-Dwa-luto, n. 5. 3
equalled; one who is noble or illustrious,
as a great, respectable councillor or
minister; in the negative form it is
asindwayaluto : uzenza indwayento, asindiva-
yaluto noko, he makes himself a nobleman,
but he is a nobody.
ubun-Dwa-luto, n. 7. Eminence, respec-
tability, reputation, authority.
uku-Dwaba, v. t. pass, dwatyzva. To strip
tobacco leaves off the plant ; fig. to make
proposal after proposal; to propose plan
after plan.
i-Dwaba, n. 2. A creeper, Popowia caffra,
Sond,, which is burnt Tjefore a hunting ex-
pedition, and strewn upon and around a buck
after it is killed, by which means the
hunters trust that more game will be charm-
ed to them, and that they will be successful
in taking it.
isi-Dwaba, n. 4. (a) A flight of birds;
considerable number of men, horsemen,
horses or calves, (b) A wing of an insect.
uku-DwabuIuIa, v. i. To run away fast (men,
cattle, horses, etc.) leaving others behind.
— Dwabuluka, v. To be in the height of
speaking or singing.
in-Dwabundwabu, n. 3. A large orifice
a large, wide mouth; fig. a great, excellent
thing; anything of large capacity; a com-
paratively large bag or belly.
u-Dwaduba,>- 5^ | q^^ ^^^ ^^^ j^^^ j^^^
m-Dwadube, /?. 3. j
country and his all; a homeless wanderer.
isi-Dwadwa, n. 4. A small tree, identified by
Sim as Leucosidea sericea, E. and Z.
ukut'i-Dwadwalala, v. i. see under ukn-
Dwala.
uku-Dwadwasa, v. i. To run about like a
fool or a madman.
DW
Dwadwasi, n, 2. One who is running
about as mad.
isi-Dwala, n. 4. Capital crime: isidwala setya-
la, a crime or guilt which is greater than
one can atone for; a civil case (?).
uku-Dwala, v. i. To sit long in a certain
posture, the heels and the posteriors being
in contact or nearly so, from weakness and
not being able to get up.
ukut'i-Dwalala, = uku-Dwala.
ukut'i-DwadWalala, v. Of a woman, to sit
down with her dress widely spread out.
uku-Dwalaza, v. To keep much at home;
to be slow in movement; to remain long
and easy in one place ; to sit in a careless,
indifferent, listless manner, as in a reverie.
ulE^^mbl;]"- 5- A thing which is struck
down, or-lying down, though not necessarily
dead; a dead animal, carcase: ndametiz'
udwamba pantsi, I struck him down; wamshi-
ya eludwamba, he left him nearly dead, not
moving.
in-Dwandwa, w. '},.■=-- in-Dwa.
in-Dwane, n. 5. A row of wet tobacco leaves
laid out to dry: bazindwane zokufa, they
were lying dead in rows; wenza indwane, he
made havoc, killed right and left.
ukut'i-Dwangu, v. t. To open, spread out, as
newspapers or clothes are spread out.
u-Dwangudwangu, n. 5. A blanket of large
size ; a person given to scolding.
isi-Dwangube, n. 4- Orig- an ornament of
beads, granted as an order to chief
councillors; now a chief councillor.
i-Dwantsi, n. 2. A long and strong, new
thong.
i-Dwara, w. 2. Senecio latifolius, D.C., a
medicinal plant for wounds and sores, espec.
for the sore backs of horses; eye-Divara,
the month of October; when this plant is in
flower, it is time for sowing maize.
in-Dwari, n. 3. (a) A bird which has red legs,
(b) A spindle-shanked person.
isi-DWASHU, n. 4. A saddle cloth, fr. Du.
dwars, across.
in Dwayi, «. 3- & n-Dwayi, n. 5. \ A
in Dwayinge, vj. 3.& u Dwayinge, ».5- 3
poor, forlorn, miserable, homeless, friend-
less, castaway creature, wandering about
without a place of rest ; an orphan. Ati ke
mna 7nntu uliulwayi! O wretched man that I
am!
90
DW
ubu-Dwayi, n. 7. Misery, poverty, etc.;
orphanhood.
ukut'i-DWE, V. i. To stretch out in line; to
stand in file (town, village, houses, army),
not in close proximity to each other: ukiidla
kiitmc-dwc cqlycui, the food is spread on the
table-cloth.
ulu-Dwe, n. 5. A row or chain of moun-
tains, or anything else stretched out in
line.
uku-Dwela, v. To stand in a row in order
that a certain one may be pointed out.
— Dweliga, v. To cause to stretch out, sit
in order; to arrange; fig. to comb the
hair.
— Dweza, V. To form into line; to spread
out (a blanket) before the eyes; to look
at a thing in the light, before the e3^es.
— Dwezisa, -c^. To cause to form into line,
etc.
in-Dwe, n. 3. (a) The blue crane, Anthro-
poides paradisea (Lkiit). (b) The head dress
formed of the feathers of this bird.
isin-Dwe, w. 4. A collection of cranes'
feathers, used by warriors as a headdress
when drilling or fighting; the right to
wear this was conferred as a reward
for great bravery. Plur. izindwe, the two
palm-leaves stuck on either side of the
head-dress worn by an iinikiveta when
dancing.
in-Dweba, n. 3. Aspeciesof bird;^^;-!?^!?^?.
i-Dwebeba, n. 2. The strewing of corn by
the witchdoctor in and around a house or
kraal, who boils a certain dedicated quantity
in order to propitiate the iminyanya and
imishologii, and cause them to remove sick
ness and avert evil. The boiled corn or
other food dedicated to these beings is
eaten by adult males and aged people only.
uku-Dwekesha, v. i. To be talkative.
i-Dwekesha,«. 2 | a person who speaks
m Dwekeshi, K. 3. 3
often and much ; a babbler.
uku-Dwela, see under ukuti-Dwe.
i-Dwele, n. 2. The Cane rat, Thryonomys
swinderenianus (Tcmni.).
uku Dwesa, v. i. Not to care; to be daring,
disobedient.
ubu-Dwesi, n. 7. Indifference to danger;
daring, bravery; foolhardiness.
in- Dweza, u. 3. A small seed-eating bird,
DW
very troublesome among ripening corn,
and noted on account of its voracity; the
name is applied to the Streaky-headed
Seedeater, Poliospiza gularis A.Sm. and
also to the Icterine Seedeater, Serinus
icterus (VieilL); fig. one who is voracious.
uku-Dweza, see under iikuti-Dwe.
uku-Dwisha, v. t. To drag, pull.
uku-Dyabaza, v. t. To dabble in mud, splash
about in the water, as a child with its hands ;
fig. to do or work in haste, imperfectly,
faultily; to talk or write, as one who is not
master of his subject.
uku-Dyabuza, = iiku-Dyavnza.
i-Dyagasi, n. 2. A lee corner where the
sunbeams concentrate, where the sun's
influence is felt: umi edyagasini, he stands
in the sunshine.
u-Dyakalashe, w. I. The jackal, from Du,
jakhals.
ukut'i-Dyala, v. i. To lie open; to be public,
revealed, exposed, visible, apparent: unizi
ute-dyala, the place is clearly seen, exposed
to view.
u-Dyamdyaiti, n. 5. The sensation of
hunger ; = u-Jamjam.
uku-DYAl'.'A, V. t. To race horses, especially
at the umkwelo, on the day before the
marriage; Du. jagt.
um-DVAR'O, n. 6. A race,
■Dyas, ft. 3. A jacket or overcoat; Du. jas,
uku-Dyavuza, v. i. Not to speak correctly;
to use the wrong word, or one whose
meaning is not known.
in-Dyebo, n. 3. Rich harvest in corn; plenty,
abundance of food; cf. uku-Tyeba.
i-Dyekedyeke, w. 2. Anything moistened in
water; soft matter, as liquid gum; wet
through and ihTOMgh.; = i-Dekedeke.
in-Dyelelo, n. 3. (from uku-Tyelela). A visit.
isa-Dyenge, «. 4. A tear starting: sel' amehlo
ezizadyenge, with his eyes full of tears.
isi-Dyengedyenge, n. 4. (a) A tear in the
eye which does not run down : izidyengc-
dyenge zamehlo, bad eyes which try to
weep, but cannot, (b) Milk curdled
irregularly.
uku-Dyengezela, r. To have tears in the
eye.
— Dyengezelisa, v. To cause to weep; to
draw tears.
i-Dyepedyepe, n. 2. That which is soft,
pulpy, marshy, boggy, muddy.
um-Dyesha, n. 6. A young springbuck; fig.
a finely formed youth ; dim, um-Dyeshana,
91
DY
uku-Dyiba, v. i. To rub the eyes or nose,
continually; to wash away tears; to splash
in the mud or water.
i-DyibldyibI, «. 2. That which is soft from
water (washed linen), or is slushy.
ubu-Dyibidyibi, n. J. Dirtiness, muddiness,
sluttishness; fig. shyness, reserve, timidi-
ty.
ukut'i-Dyibilili, = uku-Dyiba.
uku-Dyibiza, v. To do work skittishly, as
in leaving washed dishes undried, or in
sprinkling too much water before smear-
ing the house.
— Dyibizisa, v. To wash the tears away.
ama-DyididyidI, n. 2. pi. Hard treading or
stepping in dancing.
in-Dyikitya, n. 3. Killing or dying in great
numbers: indyikitya yendlala, great dying
from hunger ; indyikitya yokufa, dying from
pestilence ; cf. uku-Tyikitya.
ukuti-DylntyniH, = M^M-Z)Mitj5fl, To evade,
conceal, etc.
uku-Dydba, v. t. To tread mortar; fig. to
render ineffectual by a counter statement
or motion.
uku-DYOB'A, V. t. pass, dydjwa. To bemire,
soil, foul, sully, bespatter ; in the game of
i-Cehva, when one who is touched continues
to run under the pretence of not having
been touched, the player who touched him
shouts out ndikudyobile; fig. to bemire the
character, i.e. to bring a charge against an
innocent person, as Potiphar's wife did
against Joseph; to accuse, attach guilt
to a person who is not an accessory.
um-Dyobi, n. l. An accuser.
isi-Dy6b6, n. 4. Bemiring accusation.
iiku-Dyobana, v. To bemire one another.
— Dyob^ka, v. To become bemired, be-
fouled; to be an abettor ; to be implicated.
— Dyobisa, v. To cause to be implicated
as an abettor or accessory.
uku-Dyodyoba, v. t. To plaster with mud.
isi-Dyoli, w. 4. A secret messenger, detective;
one commissioned to keep watch on a person
whose assassination has been decreed.
i-DYONGO, n. 3, A young man; dim. idyongwn-
na, Du. jong.
isi-Dyongolo, ti. 4. A small milk sack or
calabash ; a milk pot ; dim. isidyotigolwana,
a very small quantity of food.
uku-Dyongosha, v. t. To finish; to beat on a
bag to ascertain if there is still tobacco in
it ; to press, as the flat stone of a bird-trap
on its victim, or as a tree that has fallen on
DY
one ; fig. to press sorely, as an evil from
which there is no escape.
— Dyongoshisa, v. To cause to pi'ess
heavily or sorely upon.
isi-Dyoni, = isi-Dyoli.
Dyorum I The cry of the baboon.
um-Dyuba, w. 6. Meat that is too lean to be
eaten.
ama-Dyubele, «. 2. pi. Civilised whites.
ukuti-Dyubu, v. i. To plunge or fall heavily
into mud.
ama-Dyududyudu, ?/. 2. pi. Hasty or furious
action.
uku-Dyuduza, v. To be in haste, rash,
unsteady in action.
i Dyudyu, «. 2. Fear or trembling which
seizes a man, or curse or calamity caused
by him, who has acted an unmanly part
toward a woman, such as entering the hut
of one in childbed, or sitting on the mat of
one menstruating, or molesting a female
by taking advantage of the weakness of
her sex, especially if she belongs to people
who may be at war with his own: bangeni-
seV idyudyu, they intimidated.
i-Dyudyudyu, n. 2. One who is afraid,
timid ; a coward.
um-Dyudyulufa, n. 6. An extremely lean
person or thing.
i-Dyukudyuku, «. 2. Anything soft, flabby,
as lean meat ; an unsightly and disgusting
object from wetness.
um-DyuIu, n. 6. A person or thing without
the requisite strength.
ukuti-Dyum, v. i. Of lightning, to strike.
i-Dyumfudyumfu, n. 2. A thing beaten into
pulp or a swollen mass.
ukuti-DYUNGU, v. i. Of the skin, to be
raised in blisters which may be caused by
fire or by the river : unilomo warn ute-dymigu,
my mouth is blistered.
i-Dyungudyungu, n. 2. A blister (from
hard working, fire, a nettle, etc.)
uku-Dyunguka, v. Of the skin, to be
raised when a blister is formed, and to
peel off when the Jjlister opens.
uku-Dyunguzela, v. To have blisters.
ukuti-Dyupu, v. i. To plunge or fall
heavily, suddenly, or with violence into
water or fire.
uku-DyupuIeka, v. i. To enter disorderly,
not in file, or without understanding a
thing.
um-Dyufa, n. I. A feeble, lean man.
um-Dyurakazi, w. i. An infirm, lean woman.
i-Dyufudyuf u, w. 2. Any unsightly object.
92
DY
uku-Dyusha, v. i. To dance.
ukuti-Dywa, v. i. Sound of falling into a
thick busli.
i-Dy wadi, ;/, 2. The Cape box-thorn, Lycium
. hoi-ndum L., with red berries (um-Bdvu.)
in-Dy wala, ?;. 3. pi. Large quantity of Kafir
beer; night debauchery; or as plur. of
ulyivala; beer-drinkings.
ukuti-Dywanga, v. t. To finish a work
immediately, soon.
DY
i-Dy wibiba, «. 2. Things obtained by chance,
e.g. meat when a bullock is slaughtered.
uku-Dywida, v. t. To act rapaciously; to
seize on gi-eedily, as plunderers; to rob
food, as the birds which fall with clamour
on the Kafir corn.
um-Dywidi, n. I. A spoiler, plunderer.
u-Dywido, n. 5. Plunder, spoil.
uku-Dywidana, v. To plunder, from one
another.
ukuti-Dzu, V. i. To go straight forward.
Tip has three sounds; it is (a) short, like e in
^-^ pen: ktiye, to him; this is its ordinary
sound in an unaccented syllable;
(b) long, almost like a in pale: TOi~/«, our;
this sound occurs when the vowel in the
following syllable is / or u, and it still exists
in cases where the i or 11 of the following
syllable is now lost: w'mka, he departed,
for wemiika ;
(c) broad, as in there: iveiia, thou; this
sound occurs when the vowel in the follow-
ing syllable is a, e, or 0.
1. E is the initial vowel in all locative
cases, displacing the article of the noun:
umhlabci, earth, enihlaheni, on, from, to or in
the earth ; iidaka, mud, eliidakeni, in the mud ;
in cases where the noun would have no
ailicle, e is omitted in the locative : ndifike
vdaiveni it'tle, I arrived at a certain spot;
nndamkeU mali haiitwiiii, I do not take
money from men.
2. It is (a) the Rel. pron. of 3 cl. sing, and
6 cl. pi., used with verbs and adjectives:
indlela exakekileyo, a road which is difficult,
i.e. a difficult road; indlela ebanzi, a broad
road ; imit'i egauliweyo, the trees which have
been cut, i.e. the cut trees; imiti emide, the
tall trees; and as such expresses
(b) the Possessive: inkomo etiyama ndiyi-
tandayo, the cow, whose flesh I like; iiniti
eziqamo zinmandi, the trees whose fruits are
sweet.
(c) the Object, put before the Pron. subj.
of the I pers. sing, and I >9nd 2 pers. pi.:
peka ukutya endikiitandayo, cook the food
which I like; indlu esingene kiiyo, the house
which we entered ; ihaslie endilitengileyo, the
horse which ye have bought; and some-
times before Imperatives: kukulento yodwa
eviasikangele, it is to this alone that we
must look.
(d) When put before nouns with the
article / and their pron. in the possessive
relation, it makes them more emphatic:
elake iliztvi, his word; eyetikosi indlu, the
chief's house ; eyona ndlu inkiilu, the really
great house in contradistinction to others,
i.e. the greatest house of all.
3. It is the Pron. subj. of the participles,
I cl. sing, and 2 cl. pi.: ndambona esebenza,
I saw him working; ndawcva amakwenkwe
evunia, I heard the boys singing; ndambiza
esekudc, I called him, he being still far off;
etet'ile aviadoda, the men having spoken.
4. It is the contracted form of the ter-
mination He of the perf. and pluperf; (a)
when the emphasis is not on the verb but
on the object or the adjunct of the predi-
cate: ndibcle inyamakazi, I have killed a
buck ; but ndiyibel'ile inyamakazi, I have hit
(not missed) the buck; ndifikile, I have
arrived, ndifike apa, I have arrived here
umntu cnditctc ngayc, the person of whom
I have spoken.
(b) when the verb has more than two
syllables and ends in ala, ela, Ha, ola, or iila :
ndihulelekuye, (from ukubulela), I have thank-
ed him; iindikulule, (from ukukulula), he has
released me, and in all rel. forms: undifcle,
he has died for me.
5. It is the termination of the present
conj. : bayabasa bapeke, they kindle a fire and
cook ; ndihamha iikuze ndincede, I go in order
that I may help; cf. A. 2. (h) (In this
termination the e is short or unaccented, in
the former (4) it is long and partiallj^ ac-
cented, though the principal accent still
remains on the penult).
93
EB
Note.— From Inattentfon to the tense and sense of a
passage when these terminations occur, thought-
less readers read the language in a way which is
painful to listen to.
E ! Intcrjec. of aversion or displeasure.
May be ! Well !
E ? (broad e). This particle is put by
the speaker or by a second party to elicit
an affirmative answer to a question : is it
not so.' isn't it.?
E-e I Intcrjec. used in correcting oneself,
or on remembering something he had to
do, or in recovering when stumbling. Oh,
by the bye !
Ebe, Atix. in forming the participles of the
compoun 1 tenses, I, cl. sing, and 2. cl. pi.:
ebe etanda contrac. ebctanda, he was or they
(men) were loving.
Ebenga, Ncg. of Ebe, changes into Ebenge
before ka, kb, mi and some adjectives ; see
Enga and Engc.
ukw-Ebula, v. t. Em. = Kafir uk-Obula. To
strip, peel off; to skin: bayebula inkomo,
they skinned a head of cattle ; to strip the
bark; to separate the fibres of cords, etc.
— Ebuka, V. Em = Kafir iik-Obuka. To
peel or fall off (e.g. of the husk of the
maize cob): isandla sam siyebiika, the
skin of my hand peels off.
Ehia! Ehlani 1 /w/fT/ of remonstrance; (a)
sounded gravely: ah you! but surely! no,
no! = vr^(?, miis'ukuteta, leave off speaking;
chlani ! ma-Galati aswele ukiiqonda ; nguha-
nina oninyangileyof O foolish Galatians,
who hath bewitched you? (b) sounded
jocularly: chla wena wenza nlo-ninaf Yes,
yes, but what are you doing? chla lomntu
uUwtkile! ah, this is a wise man!
am-EhIo, n. 2. Plur. oi ili-So. Eyes: ndina-
nieldo, I have sore eyes; into yamchlo, a
spectacle, a show.
Ekoko, Interject Eloko.
Ekubeni " ' \ ^°"J- Inasmuch as, where-
as, since, seeing that : ekubeni bebnninzi aba-
qayisayo, seeing that many glory ; ekubeni
sivile, forasmuch as we have heard; see
uku-Ba I. B.
Ekuhleni, Adv. Openly, see uku-Hla.
Ela, Dou. pron. 2. cl. Yon; contrac. fr. Eliya,
which see.
ukw-ELA, V. i. (a) To flow on (water): iimla-
mbo owelayo, a flowing or perennial stream.
(b) To go, run, plunge, rush into and
disappear: usukc wela eldat'uii, he plunged or
rushed into the forest, (c) v. t. To winnow:
iimbona zveliwe, the maize has been winnow-
EL
ed; fig. to depose from office; to throw into
prison.
— Elela, V. (a) To flow into; to pour out
at or into a certain place: umlambo weleln
chvindlc, the river flows into the sea. (b)
To winnow into: yelela cnxmveni, winnow •
(the corn) into the bag.
um-Elelo, n. 6. A place where several
waters flow together; confluence.
ukw-Elama, Em. To rtcogmze,- ukw-Alatna.
Elamani? (sc. icala) Intcrrog. adj. On which
side ?— the Kafir challenge made to a passer-
by. The person challenged may either reply
elabafazi, on the side of the women, in which
case he acknowledges the superiority of the
challenger ; or elaniadoda, on the side of the
men, in which case both parties resort to
sticks to determine which is superior.
ukw-EIata, v. t. = ukw-AIata, and uku-Lata.
Ele, Adv. On the other side, beyond, out of
sight: ele kwentaba, beyond or on the other
side of the mountain; ele kwake, out of his
sight.
ukw-EIeka, Em. To be opposed, see Aleka,
under ukw-Ala, to oppose; not to be con-
founded with ukw-Aleka, to add to.
Ell, (a) Rel. pron. of 2 cl. sing. Which: iliiye
ellnzima, the stone which is heavy, i.e. the
heavy stone; ilariga elifudumeleyo, the hot
sun; expressing also possessive relation:
iliswe el'ibemi bafileyo, the country whose
inhabitants are dead,
(b) Dem. pron. of 2 cl. sing. This: eWlizive,
this land; less emphatic: iliswe-eli, this
country; eMlizwe lible this fine country;
eXUanga lifudunielcyo, this hot sun.
u-Elimaswane, n. T. The Lesser puff-backed
shrike ; = u-Noniasivane.
Elinga, Neg. of Eli [a) : ilizwi cliugatetwanga,
the word which has not been spoken;
changes into Elinge before ^(7, ko, na and
some adjectives; see Linga and Linge.
Elinye, adj. 2. cl sing. One— another: elinyc
ilizwe belilihle, elinye belilibi, one country
was fine, another bad; see Nye.
Eliya, contract, ela, Dem. pron. 2. cl. sing.
Yon: elalizwe, yon country; elalityc linzima,
that heavy stone yonder.
Elo, Dem. pron. 2. cl. sing. That: eXohashe,
that horse ; eXohashe likidu, that great horse ;
eXohashe libalckayo, that fast running horse ;
laelo and lalclo, every (horse). Elo differs
from eliya or ela as lowo differs from Iowa.
Eloko, Intcrjec. There he goes! on he went!
El on a, E.mphat. form ; see Lona and E, 2. (d).
Elowo, Each one, see Lowo.
94
EN
i-EMBlLE, and i-EMELE. w. 3. A pail (Du.
emmer).
Emhieni, emihieni, emhlenikweni. Conj.
When, see um-Hla.
Emini, In the day-time, see i-Mini.
Eminye, Adj. 6. c!. pi. Some— others, eminyc
imiti iliiliihlasa, eminye ihomile, some trees
were green, others dry ; see Nye.
Emva, emveni, and emvenikweni. Prep.
After, behind, see um-Va.
ukw-ENA, V. i. To be dense or overgrown
with long grass or bushes : uiyani benile, the
grass is grown thickly; or the weeds are
dense (in the gardens) ; indlela yenUe, the
road is overgrown with weeds, grass or
bushes, is difficult to walk on ; *of a man, to
have large bushy whiskers; fig. to be plenti-
ful; to be rich in stock of all kinds, to be
flourishing; wotl-nin.i ekwciieni kwe-Yordanf
what wilt thou do in the swelling of
Jordan ?
— Enela, v. To be dense or overgrown
for : uyakwcnelwa hiktVa, he shall have his
field overgrown with weeds.
ukw-ENDA, V. i. Of a prospective bride-
groom, to go with lolwla cattle to the girl's
place; of a girl, to marry away, towed:
intombl kabani yendile, the daughter of such
a one is married.
— Endeka, v. To become married ; to be
in a married state : ude w^ndeka, she is
married at last.
— Endela, v. (a) To marry away to a
certain person or at a certain place:
u-Nohantu weiidele kii-Makuha c-Kubusi,
Nobantu is married to Makuba on the
Kubusi. Phr. ebeha uyakwendeV enkosini,
kanti uyakwendela kmnfokazana, she
thought she would marry a chief, but she
has to be content with a commoner,
(b) To strike root deeply so as to hold
firmly in the soil : lomt'i weiidele emhlnbeni,
this tree is rooted firmly in the ground ;
to be or lie deep: wenza utnsele wendela,
he made the ditch deep; fig. to be
intricate: lendawo yendcle, this matter is
intricate, involved, difficult to alter or
reverse; to delay; to be detained; to
stay: waya kwa-Ngqika wendela, he went
to Gaikaland and sojourned or stayed
there.
— Endelisa, v. To cause to take deep root.
— Endelisela, v. To cause to take deep
root at a place.
EN
— Endisd, V. To cause to marry; to give
in marriage : ukiiyendisa iiUomb'i, to give
the girl in marriage; to perform the
marriage ceremony ; of the bride's people,
to take the bride to her husband's place.
— Endisela, v. To give in marriage to.
— Endiselana, v. To inter-marry outside,
abroad.
Endle, Outside, see in-Dle.
um-Endo, n. 6. pi. imendo. A road, highway,
public road.
am-Endu, n. I. pi. Speed, lasting strength
in running or travelling, perseverance :
ihasJie linatmndu, the horse is swift and
tough ; amendu am apelile, my vital power is
gone.
Enga, Neg. verb. pref. of I cl. sing, and 2 cl.
pi. (a) of condit. mood : aiige (anga) engadli,
he would or should not eat ; aiige (anga)
engafekeli, they (boys) should or would not
make sport.
(b) in rel. and participial sentences : enga-
yanga, he not having gone ; sakwda emiha-
sheni erig djaleki, we rode on horses which
are not swift.
(c) Neg. verb. pref. of 3. cl. sing: imazi
engasengwayo, a cow which is not milked;
and of 6. cl, p\.: nd/bonise imiti engagaulwanga,
shew me the trees which have not been cut
down. Before ka, kb, na and some adjectives
enga is changed into enge : tidafik.i engckabi-
ko yena, I arrived before he was there : nteta
into engekoyo, you speak of a thing which does
not exist ; yoyiki indlu engenanitandazo, be
afraid of a house where there is no prayer.
Enkangala, In the wilderness, see in-Kanga-
la.
uku-ENTA, V. t. To inoculate, vaccinate;
Du. ent.
Entia, On the upperside, see in-Tla.
Enu, Poss. pron. 2 p. pi. Your: amazwi enii,
your words; emphat. aiventi amazivi, your
words.
Enyanyeni, Exposed, see i-Nyanya.
ukw-Enza, v. pass, tikwenziwa. To do, make,
perform, act, practice, execute, discharge,
fulfil; to bring a thing to pass: yenza lanto
ndayitetayo, do the thing I told you; abantti
abenza ngokowatcta ngakokubo, the people did
not act as he commanded them ; yeuz' izzvi,
make a statement, answer; wenza intsimi,
he made a garden; bamenze ukumkatii,
they made him king; bengabeuze nto abanye,
setting the others at nought, i.e. they des-
pised them; yinina ukuba usenze ngendawo?
95
EN
why hast thou dealt badly with us? yenza
kuhlc, wait a little; wayenza btikali, he did it
sliarply ; wayniza mbi, he made it bad or ugly ;
ivcuza izinto cziniiizi, lit. he did many things,
i.e. he was unsteady. Z changes into j, if }ijc
or tijixlo follows the verb: ziK'njc-r/Je, he did
thus; -.venjc-tijido, he did so; ckiibeni riingc-
njanga-ujalo uakuDiiiyc ivabn, ,i;iciijaiiga-iijalo
nikuin, inasmuch as ye did it not unto one of
these, ye did it not to me. Phr. Ukuzenza
akiinjcngakwcnzma, to injure yourself is not
like being injured by another; iikwcnza
u-Kaya ka-Mpipiya, to raise strife at home
among friends. ^
um-Enzi, n. I. Doer, worker, performer,
maker.
is-Enzo, 11. 4. Deed, work, act, performance.
ukw-Enzakala, v. To be hurt or injured
by an accident: ndcnzakck, I am injured;
kufe abantivana bam, ndenzakcle namhla,
my children being dead, I am now quite
undone.
is-Enzakalo, n. 4. Damage, etc., suffered
by one: nclincsciizakalo ngokuwa kwam, I
am hurt by my fall.
ukw-Ensakalisa, v. To hurt, injure, da-
mage.
is-Enzakaliso, n. 4 Damage, hurt, injury
done by one: ndiiicscnzakaliso ngokukalywa
lihashc, I am hurt by the kick of a horse.
ukw-Enzana, v. To do (good or evil) to
one another.
— Enzeka, v. To come to pass; to take
effect; to be done; to be in action or
motion: makwciizckc ukutauda Kwako, Thy
will be done ; to be possible : kubantn lento
ayinakweiizcka, kodwa kiiyc ii-J'ixo zo-ike
izinto zinokivenzcka, with men this is
impossible, but with God all things are
possible.
— Enzela, v. To do, make, etc., for another:
undeiizdc lento, he has done this for me ;
wazatzcla, may mean, he did the thing
for himself, or he took the matter into
his own hands regardless of any one;
wabcnjcla njalo bonke ahafazi bake, he did
so for all his v/ives.
— Enzelana, v. To do, etc., for each other.
— Enzejela, ) ^^ ^^ instead (not for) ;
— Enzelelela, )
to answer or warrant for; to become
surety for another; to go bail for; to
administer the business of another or for
another, hence lig. to serve or act as
priest (in the meaning of the Old Testa-
ment, in the interest of the Lord and the
95
EN
I people); to bestow assistance or favour
upon another: ahaiitu bayenzelelela inkosi
yabo, the people gave the dowry, ikazi,
which their chief should have given.
um-Enzeleleli, ) ^ » u j
um-Enzeleli, ] "■ ^' A person who does
a thing in another's stead, becomes surety,
goes bail for; lig. a priest (in the Old
Testament sense).
is-Enzelelelo, ) . a ..• • .u .
is-Enzelelo, j "' 4- ^ctmg m another's
stead, e.g. by paying a fine for him, or
giving dowry to get him a wife; a
meritorious act, merit; assistance of a
material character.
ulw-Enzelelelo, n. 5 Vicarious action.
ub-Enzeleleli, n. 7. Priesthood.
ukw-Enzisa, v. To cause to do, etc.; to
help one to do a thing ; ukwcnzisa umkwa,
to cause to perform the custom of umkwa,
when girls meeting a man, or young men
meeting girls, say, yenza umkwa, i.e.
choose one of us as a sweetheart; uku-
zenzisa, Reflex, form. lit. to make himself
as, i.e. to affect, dissemble, pretend, feign;
to be a hypocrite.
um-z-Enzisi, w. I. Hypocrite.
i-z-Enziso, n. 2. Affectation, dissimulation,
hypocrisy.
ukw-Enzlsela, v. To cause to do for:
nd unenzisela, I made him do it for me.
is-Enziselo, «. 4. A kind act benefiting
another.
ukw-Eqa, v. i. Em. To spring over; to leap;
to jump with a quick, sudden motion; to
dart forward.
ukw-Eqata, To aWght s\idden\y, = ukuti-Qata.
I-Er'e, n. 3. A harrow; Du. egge.
i-ERTYlsi, n. 3. Peas; from the Du. ertje.
Esa, Dem. pron. 4. cl. sing, contrac. fr. Esiya,
Yon.
ukw-Esaba, Em. To flee; see tikii-Saba.
Ese, Adv. Beyond: ci'^i/'.^, just over there; =
Ele.
Esi, (a) Rel. pron. 4. cl. sing. Which : isitya esi-
vuzayo, a vessel which leaks, i.e. a leaking
vessel; expressing also Possessive relation:
isitya csimnini itkoyo, the vessel whose
owner is present.
(b) Dem. pron. 4. cl. sing. : eslsando, this
hammer; less emphatic isando-csi; esisonka
simnandi, this sweet bread; not to be con-
founded with e-si, which we : into rsiyiletayo,
the thing which we speak of; cf E. 2. {c).
i-EsiLE, «. 3. pi. ama. An ass, a mule, (Du.
ezel).
ES
E&inga, Neg. of Esi {a) : isitya esinga-///a-
njwanga, a vessel which has not been clean-
ed; to be distinguished from e-singa, which
we not ; cf. E. 2. {c) ; changes into Esinge
before ka, ko, na, and some adjectives; see
Singa and Singe.
Esinye, adj. 4. cl. sing. One — another: csiiiye
isitya sikulu, esiiiye sincinane, one vessel is
great, another small ; see Nye.
Esiya, contract, esa, Dcin. pron. 4. cl. sing.
That yonder : Qs&soiika, that bread yonder
esasipo silniigilcyo, that good gift yonder.
Eso, Dcin. pron. 4. cl. sing. That; (it stands
between csi and esiya in signification)
esosifo sikidti, that great sickness; esosibane
sikanyayo, that shining candle; sacso, and
saseso (isitya) every (vessel).
Esona, Emphat. form, see Sana.
uku-Eta, V. t. Oifly used in the imperative.
To hand, give, bring: yi-ete into yam, give
me my thing ; cteni, give up.
ukw-Eta, V. /. Em. = Kaf. ?(/v'M-H>^«/rt, contrac-
ted to uku-Ta. To sink down, subside
amanzi at'tle or awutile, Em. et'ile, the water
subsided ; fig. to lose hope or heart ; to be
dispirited, depressed, cast down: ndite ama-
ndla, lit. my strength is gone, i.e. I despair;
ukuba batandaze bangcti amandla, that they
should pray and not faint.
— Etisa, V. To cause to sink down; to
make despondent.
— Etuka, V. To be startled ; to start back
from fright.
um-Etiiko, n. 6. The being startled.
ukw-Etiisa, v. To startle: to cause fear.
um-Etuso, //. 6. A causing to fear, or that
which causes fear.
Ete-ete, Adj. soft, tender to the touch:
lento i-ete-ete, this thing is soft.
ama-Ete-ete, n. 2. pi. Izinto zingama-ete-ete,
the things are tender, soft.
Etu, Poss. pron. I p. pi. Our: amazwi etu, our
words ; emphat. aweti'i amazwi, our woi'ds.
ukw-Etuka, etc. see under ickw Eta.
um-Etyiso, YLm. = i{nt-Tyiso, the cud,
am-Eva. Thorns, see itku-Va, to hear, feel.
Ewe, Adv. Yes.
Ewu ! Interjec. Hallo!
Eya, Aux. of future participle, I cl. sing, and
2 cl. pi. : ngokuha eya kuteta, for he is or they
(men) are about to speak.
ukw-Eya, i\ t. To deem a person or thing of
less value, strength or importance than it
appears or ought to have; to despise:
ukuweya umlamho, to have a low opinion
of the river, and hence to go into it and be
N 97
EY
carried away ; to be dissatisfied ; to grumble
on account of the smallness of a thing or
present given, or of a price offered : ndiya-
yeya lento, I deem this thing not worth
noticing.
— Eyeka, v. To be contemptible.
— Eyela, v. To fall into or sink into : uku-
dla kweyele esityeni kutwelwe, the food
settled down on the vessel, while carried ;
to fall in, sink in : inkomo yeyele eliidakcni,
the cow has sunk into the mud ; to come
down, i.e. to stumble: weycle etyeni, he
nearly fell over a stone; weyela! take
care, you will fall ! Phr. yeyele ngelomkono,
lit. it (the cow) has fallen in and stuck
fast by one of the front legs ; in which
position it cannot extricate itself. This
is used as a war-cry to summon the
forces to extricate those in distress. The
phrase means figuratively that some
one has got into trouble from which he
cannot extricate himself, or that one has
committed himself in a matter of import-
ance, n. 8. Calamity.
— Eyeliseka, v. To be in the state of
sinking or falling.
— Eyelisela, v. To cause to sink into a
hole, river, snare or temptation.
um-Eyeliseli, n. i. One who causes others
to fall into danger, destruction, sin or
any other evil.
um-Eyeliselo, «. 6. A causing to fall into
destruction, etc.
ukw-Eyeliselana, v. To cause each other
to fall into a hole, ditch, or temptation.
ukw-Eyisa, v. To overcome, convince, see
uk-Oyisa. n. 8. uku-z-eyisa, self-control.
um-Eyisi. n. I. A conqueror.
ukw-Eyiseka, v. To be convinced, sub-
dued. ■
ukw-Eyisela v. To persuade: bazeyisela
indimhane ekutini zicele u-Baraba, they
persuaded the crowd to ask for Barabbas.
Eyona, Emphat. form of Yona, which see.
Eza, Dem. pron. 3, 4, 5, cl. pi. contrac. fr.
Eziya. Those yonder.
Ezantsi. />/-£?/'. Below, see i-Zantsi.
Ezi, (a) Rcl pron. 3, 4, 5, cl. pi. Which:
inihi eziiikiilii, houses which are great, i.e.
great houses ; izonka ezimnandi, loaves
that are sweet; izinti ez'tgaiiliwcyo, cut
laths; expressing also the Possessive re-
lation: indlii ezibemi bakoyo, the houses
whose inhabitants are present; igiis'ta
ezimninizo ndimaziyo, the sheep whose
owner I know.
EZ
(b) Dem. pron. of the same classes. These
here: ezigusha zininzi, these many sheep
here; ezisitya zikulii, these large vessels
here ; ezxzintya zinde, these long thongs
here ; izintya-ezi, the thongs.
Ezinga, neg. of Ezi: ngezandla ezing:a//^a-
njwanga, with unwashen hands; changes
into Ezingc before ka, ko, mi and some
adjectives ; see Zinga and Zinge.
Ezlnye, Adj. 3, 4, 5, cl. Some— others:
EZ
ezinye igusha zityebile, ezinyt zibityile, some
sheep are fat, others lean ; see Nye.
Eziya, contrac. eza, Dem. pron. 3, 4, 5, cl.
pi. Those yonder: ezazibane, the candles
yonder; ezazintya, the thongs yonder.
Ezo, Dem. pron. 3, 4, 5, cl. pi. (It stands
between Ezi and Eziya). Those : ezo-
ndawo zinzima, those difficult matters ;
ezoziposo zikulii, those great errors ; ezo-
zintsu zincolileyo, those dirty skins.
Ezona, Emphai. form oi Zona, which see.
"P has two sounds, the first as in the
English word father; the second, after m
(except the prefix um), as the German pf:
im(p)fcne, imi pjfama, but umfama, umfazi.
uku-FA V. i. To die. In pres. and imperf.
tenses, it means to be dying, i.e. to be sick,
ill : ndiyafa, I am sick ; ndihe ndisifa, I was sick.
In perfect, past and future tenses it means
to have died, to be dead, to be about to die :
inkomo ifilc, the cow is dsad; umkiiluli wafa,
the Redeemer died; siya kiifa .sonke, we
shall all die ; bafa scsosifo, they died of that
sickness ; to be broken, wasted, worn out,
ended: isitya sifile, the dish is broken;
ndifile lunxano, I am dead with thirst; safa
ngtimsi, bctu! men, we die from smoke!
wafa! take care, you are in danger! ilizwe
lifile, the country is dead, i.e. war has
broken out; inyanga ifile, the month is
dead, i.e. is at an end; ngonyaka ofileyo. last
year; titeta into ef'anianqe,hG says a thing
whose loins are dead, i.e. he says something
of no avail ; into ebufa mnyami, the thing is
blackish. Pass, ukufiwa: kiifnva, men die.
(abbrev. rel. 2 cl. pi. afd, who or which
die ; absol. past, Ufa, they died ; conj. past,
afa, and they died ; short pres. dfa, and they
die.)
Phr. wafa ehamba, he died while still
walking, i.e. he is no longer good for any-
thing; kungaf'intak'enkidu, amaqanda aya-
bola, if the mother bird dies, the eggs go
bad, i.e. if the head of a family dies, its
members go to ruin ; akuko kufa kiinjani, go
and do your work, regardless of danger,
all death is alike; incibi yamanzi if a
ngam inzi, cyczikali if a zizikali, all heroes
must die, he who carries others through
the full river and the warrior as well;
umafeinika njcngcnyanga, it wanes and
waxes like the moon, i.e. a question
that seemed to be settled springs up again,
or a person who seemSd hopelessly ill has
recovered.
n. 8. Death : ekufeni kwakk, at his death.
um-Fi, n. I. A dead man; the deceased;
fem. iimfikazi.
um-Fo, n. I. A mortal, i.e. a man : mfu-
ndini ! fellow ! (either as endearing or in
derision, according to the tone); iimfo
wakomki'ilu, a courtier.
um-Fokazi, n. l. A great man who in-
spires fear; used also as a term of
contempt.
um-Fana, «. 1. Dimin. of um-Fo. A full-
grown boy, a young man : umfana warn,
my son ; umfana wakiram, a youth of my
place, my servant.
um-FazI, «. I. fem. of um-Fo. A woman,
a wife. Dimin. umfazana, and unifaza-
zana, a young wife; elderly people or
fathers-in-law speak of young married
women as abafazazana.
In its widest meaning, umfazi is a
woman, as distinguished from umfo, a
man, or from iniomb'i, a girl. Its ordinary
meaning, however, is a wife, as dis-
tinguished not only from intombi, but also
from inkazana, -a female, from idikazi, a
husbandless woman, and even from
ishwcshwe, a concubine. Thougii she be
a widow, she is regarded and treated as
a wife so long as she remains at her late
husband's place, and does not return to
her father's. Should she return to her
father's, she becomes an inkazana, and is
marriageable again. A lawfully divorced
woman is no longer umfazi, but inkazana.
Umfazi at her husband's place is not
FA
only head of her hut, and owner of her
garden, but is also mistress of her kraal,
though she may not enter it. Her hus-
band's place is called umzi wake, her
kraal, whereas her father's is said to be
unisi wakoivabo, the kraal of those related
to her. While it may be lawful to beat
iiitombi, no one may beat umfazi, except
her husband.
In the complicated establishment of a
polygamist the wives have their various
places and ranks. In the fully developed
establishment of a chief, there is the
umfazi ontkuhi or great wife, whose
eldest son takes his father's place at his
death as supreme ruler of all his father's
children and people ; there is the umfazi
wase-Kunene, the right hand wife, whose
eldest son may form an establishment
or tribe of his 'Own, but subordinate to
the great one ; there is also umfazi wasc-
Xibeni, whose eldest son takes his grand-
father's place. Under these, there may
be subordinate wives called ama-Qadi,
each qadi being under one of the higher
wives; cf. uku-Zcka.
um-Fazikazi, n. I. Lit. a great big
woman; used in a good sense it means
one who commands respect from her
appearance, years, conduct, or wisdom;
in a bad sense it means an imperious
woman, who arrogates the place and
assumes the authority of a man.
isi Fazi, h. 4. Women taken collectively;
dimin. isi-Fazana, young women taken
collectively.
ubu-Fazi, n. 7. Womanhood; dimin.
ubu-Fazana, womanhood in a young wife,
espec. a married one.
ili-Fa, contrac. i-Fa, 71. 2. (a) That which
is left after death ; inheritance, heritage :
ezinkomo zililifa lam, these cattle are my
patrimony; fig. lomniu unefa ngomsebenzi
wake, this person is earning much from
his work; lento incfa, this thing is profit-
able.
(b) A painless or watery tumour:
unelifa entanyeni, he has a tumour on the
neck, a tubercle or tumour of a chronic
character.
i-Fa-nankosi, n. 2. gene>rally used in the
plur. ama-fa-nankosi. Lit. those who die
with the chief, his bodyguard; because
they are in duty bound to cleave to him,
even unto death.
im-Fa, n. 3. Sickness, death.
99
FA
im-Fa-bele, n. 3. Ears of corn partially
filled; a mother with insufficient milk in
her breast.
im-Fa-mbele, «. 3. A cow whose teats
have been destroyed by the in-Dlanga.
im-Fazol^' ) "' ^" '^^"t''^^- f''^™ ""f^ y^'
zwe, death of the land. War; imfazwe
ka-Ngqika no-Ndlambc, 1818; imfazwe ka-
Hintsa, 1 834; imfazwe yczembc or y avian zi,
1846; itnfazwe ka-Mlnnjcni, 1850-2; imfa-
ztve ka-Ncayecibi, 1877-78.
im-Fo, n. 3. Sickness, death.
isi-Fo, n. 4. Sickness; izi-Fozifo, all kinds
of sickness; isifo samatamho, rheumatism;
isifo sigqitile, he is dead.
u-Fa-kafa, n. 5. A never-ending thing
during one's lifetime; an inheritance
which cannot be taken away.
u-F'epiwe, «. 5. Literally he has died,
although it has been given to him, i.e. he
is insatiable. A tin can, usually sold for
eighteenpence, which does not contain
enough to satisfy a beer-drinker.
um-Fa-ngqele, n. 6. Lit. one dead from
cold; a lean, hungry, poor thing.
um-Fa-nkungu, n. 6. Haziness, spec, on
the horizon; dimness of sight.
uku-Fela, v. To die for or in a certain
place: um-Sindisi wetu wasifela, our Savi-
our died for us; uyakufcla kuyc, he will
stay with her till he dies; tvafela endlwiiii,
he died in the house; umfazi wafeliva
ngumntwana, the woman was bereaved of,
or lost a child; scyide yafcla ukwanya, he
(the boy) was hard at sucking.
um-Feli, n. I. Ono who dies for another:
u-Nyana ka-Tixo ungumfeli wabantu, the
Son of God is he who died for the people ;
also one who dies for a cause.
uku-Felana, v. To die for one another.
— Fellsela, v. To stick to a thing, without
leaving it; to cling to: ufelisele kwelolizivi,
he died for that word, he stood to that
word.
— Fisa, V. To cause, make to suffer or die
by withholding food, but espec. to kill by
slow poisoning (ubu-T'i), or by other
means, as in executing a judicial sentence ;
to assassinate.
— zi-Fisa, v. To feign or imitate sickness
or death: woz'fisa, you must act as if you
were sick or dead.
isi-Fiso, n. 4. Assassination by poison.
um-Fisi, n. 6. Any medicinal plant, espec.
Eriosema salignum Mey., used for scrofula
and kidney diseases ; = i-Nkomonkomo.
FA
uku-Faca, v. i. To be weak, emaciated from
hunger.
i-Faca, n. 2. and im-Faca, «. 3. An ema-
ciated person; a wanderer, vagrant.
(Tiiose Kafirs who in 1856 obeyed the
orders of ii-Noiigqaitse, by destroying their
cattle, were called nma-Fi:ca, on account
of their emaciated state).
ubu-Faca, ii. 7. Leanness, emaciation.
uku-Facisa, v. To weaken, enslave, devas-
tate.
i-FADUKWE, n. 3. A dishcloth; Du. vaatdoek.
u-Fafa, «. 5. A tall person.
uku-FAKA, V. t. To put, stuff, cram into,
(a vessel, bag, the ground, etc.) ; to dip
(bread into milk): kausifake isandla sako
esifubciii sako, put thy hand into thy bosom ;
to put on, referring to European clothes,
clothes into which you insert the members
of your body : faka ingubo sako, put on your
clothes; to put to or in: wafaka ilizwi,
he put in a word ; wafaka timda, he counter-
signed ; fak' uimia apo, put a mark there, make
note (in a letter or pass) of anything special
waUfaka izipolo ihashe, he set spurs to the
horse; faka ui/ikala, put on the bridle
fakani inkabi, inspan the oxen; bamfaka
intambo, they put a thong round his neck,
i.e. they made him prisoner; andifakaiiga
nto emlonyoii, I have tasted nothing ; ndam-
faka cmatyalcni, I brought him into court to ,
be punished ; bamfaka itviko, they goaded him
on, gave him no time to rest, made him
work like a slave; bamfaka igqcba cntloko,
they laid a knobkerrie (i.e. they beat him)
on his head ; hafaka cmva kwake, they follow-
ed on his heels; inkomo isc if akile, lit. the
cow is already stocking milk, i.e. making
udder, will soon calve; tikiizifaka ctitwcni,
to meddle with. Phr. indoda izifake amatblc,
the man has nii.xed the cows and the calves,
i.e. he is leaving the place; ukiifak' intaka,
to put on the crane wings, i.e. to intimidate;
ndifakc cmpandeni, lit. put me in the beer
pot, i.e. pardon me by giving me a drink,
(a vulgarism of drunkards) ; ndifakc ummvc
czimpi'imlwctn, ndizihlidc zoiike inkomo zako,
rouse mc, make me angry, and I shall take
all your cattle; faka iifundo ctyohvcni, lit.
put your back into the bush, i.e. carry what
is laid on you.
urn Faka-dolo, «. I. American maize,
which was imported when breechloaders
came into use.
Fa
im-Faka-doIo, «. 3. A breechloader, i.e. a
gun that is loaded at the knee or bend.
im-Fakwa, n. 3. and um-Fakwa, n. 6.
The setting or enchasing of a stone in a
ring, etc.
uku-Fakana, v. To confer together: hafa-
kan' imilomo bodiva, they take counsel
among themselves only.
— Fakeka, v. To be put among; to insert
oneself into tlie fellowship or company of
others.
— Fakela, '•. To put in, on, etc., for or on
account of : ndifakclc, fill for me, i.e. give
me a pipeful of tobacco.
um Fakelo, «. l. A child given to a wife
who has no children of her own.
um- Fakelo, n. 6. Food added to that
which is already in the pot.
um-Fakelwa, «. 6. Any thing or person
put instead of another, as the child re-
ferred to under um-Fakelo.
uku-Fakisa, v. To cause, help or assist to
put in, etc.
u-Fa-kafa, n. 5. An inheritance, see iiku-Fa.
ukuti-Fakafaka, v. i. To be spotted, see
Mfakamfaka.
im-Fakamfele, n. 3. Any thing (garment)
with small irregular spots, or with spots of
different colours: ndalukwa ndayimfaka-
mfclc rzinzuhvini zomhlaba, I was curiously
v/rought in the depths of the earth.
isi-Falafala, ;?. 4. One who speaks defectively
like a child.
im-Fa-mbele, v. 3. See under uku-Fa.
uku-Famla, v. i.-nkit-Pamza.
um-Fana, «. l. Dim. of twi-Fo. A young man.
See under iiku-Pa.
uku-FANA, V. i. To be like; to resemble; to
be similar to: ufa:'a nam, he resembles me;
izinto ziyafana, t!:0 things resemble each
other; to seem, to appear: ufana ukuba,
contrac. fm' ukuba tipumile, it seems he has
gone out ; used in an adv. sense, aimlessly or
in vain: akiifan' uhamba tije, you're not just
walking, you have something in view ; ufan'
utcta, you speak in vain.
o-Fani, ;;. l. pi Of an i ngofaiii, aW kinds oi
things.
ama-Fani, w. 2. pi. Resemblances, things
that resemble one another.
im-Fani, n. 3. One like another; of the
same type : babe mfani-nyc abantu nabenzc-
Iclcli, priest and people are alike.
im Fano. n. 3. Resemblance: izinto zimf an'
inyc, the things resemble each other, are
alike; a synonym.
100
FA
isi-Fano, )i. 4. Resemblance, shape, form.
Liku-Fanekisa, v. To cause to be or make
like to; to liken to: iibukuiiikatti hawazulu
bufanckisiva mmntti, the kingdom of
heaven is likened unto a man ; to deem
like ; to compare : lomntii ndinifanckisa
no-Nantsi, I compare this man with So-
and-so ; to exemplify, illustrate by
example.
um-Fanekisi, //. 6. One who makes a
likeness ; a copyist or illustrator ; one
who likes to wear what he sees others
wear.
um-Fanekiso, n. 6. An image, likeness,
resemblance, figure, picture, photograph :
umntwana nngiwifanekiso woyise, the child
is a picture of his father.
uku-FanekissIa, v. To take a likeness
of ; to copy after an original; to cause
similarity, etc. for, after.
um-Fanekiseli, n. I. One who makes or
prepares a likeness; a photographer.
um-Fanekiselo, n. 6. Image, likeness,
representation in statuary ; a photograph.
uku-Fanela, x;. To suit : Icngubo indifiuwle,
this dress suits me ; fig. to be proper ; to
become; to be fit: akufaude ukiimka,
it is not proper or right for you to go
away; ubungafaneic ukiindihlcka, you had
no right to laugh at me; to be one's duty,
according to the order, or in the nature
of things : ndif ancle iikntandaza, I should
pray ; ubmignfanele uknt'i, thou shouldst not
have said; itkufiikonza u-T'txo kusifanele,
it behoves us, i.e. it is our duty, to serve
God; to deserve: uf ancle ukiihetiva, ihon
deservest to be beaten ; to be worthy of
nilufanclc ubizo livenu, you are worthy
of your calling; ilizvDi Ufanclwe kiikwa-
nikclwa konke, the saying is worthy of all
acceptation. Adv. fanel'tikuba^fan'uba,
probably, perhaps: faneV ukuba wokiitala
alime, perhaps he will be diligent and
cultivate ; amadoda af ancle ukuba alishumi,
the men are about ten.
im Fanelo, n. 3. Suitableness; propriety;
desert ; duty.
uku-Fanelana, v. To be fit and proper
for each other; to suit each other: abantu
bafanelene, the people are suitable for
each other.
This form is also used irt a conditional
sense; If, or though one should: ndingafa-
nelana nditeta ngclwimi zabantu, though I
speak with the tongues of men ; nngafa-
nelana unjanina ukuba nzinia, though you
should be ever so heavy.
'' ' '••FA' ",-.•..•,,. ',
— Faneleka, v. To be suitable, proper,
becoming, decent: kufanelekile ukuba
ndimncede, it is becoming for me to help
him; abantu bafaneleka xa bangenaziqu
kakulu, people are becoming when not too
fat ; into e^anelekileyo, a proper, suitable
thing. Adv. ngokufanclekileyo, properly:
masenze ngokufanclekileyo, let us act
properly.
im-Faneleko, n. 3. Worthiness, duty.
uku-Faneleklsa, v. To make proper,
decent, etc.
— Fanisa, v. To liken to, compare with;
to seek, trace or search after likeness or
similarity : nondifanisa nabanina f to whom
will you liken me ? to try to find out a
resemblance; to recognise: walifanisa
ihashc lake, he claimed his horse by tracing
out its likeness; fanisa into yako enam,
find out what is thine in my possession.
um-Fanisi, n. I. One who likens, searches
or traces a resemblance.
um-Faniso. «. 6. Likening, searching,
tracing.
uku-Fanisana, v. To liken on both sides:
bafaniscne izinto zabo, they have examined
their goods on both sides; to make their
things resemble one another.
— Fanisela, v. To resemble for, for the
purpose of.
— Faniselana, v. To find out among each
other; to dress alike, i.e. to put on clothes
or dresses of the same colour: ababantu
bafaniselenc, the people have dressed alike.
i-FANANDILE, n. 3. The fat-tailed sheep,
corrupted from 'Africander.'
ama-Fa-nankosi, n. 2. pi. The chief's body-
guard. See under uku-Fa.
I-Fandesi, n. 3. An auction, from Du.
vendutie.
um-Fa-ngqele, n. 6. A lean thing; see uku-Fa.
um-Fa-nkungu, n. 6. Haziness; see uku-Fa.
im-Fanta, n. 3. A cleft in a rock, a fissure;
a ci-ack, in a wall or plank.
isi-Fanya, n. 4. Slight impression made by
the nails or fingers, as in dropsy; hollow
streaks in a wall.
i-FASlKOTI, n. 3. An apron; Du. voor schoot.
ukut'i-Fatsha, v. i. Of fine rain, to drizzle.
uku-Fatya, v. t. To dress or curl the hair
with fat and red ochre into small knobs, all
over the head; a custom which was intro-
duced by the chief Gaika.
isi-Fatyl, n. 4. Collective, the curling of
the hair of the whole head.
i-FATYi, n. 3. A barrel, cask; Du. vaatje.
-pixanga, ] "• '• ^^ "^""^ °"^ ^"^^^^^^ = ^^
press out (grapes) ; cf. uhi-Xafauga.
isi-Faxangelo, n. 4. A (wine) press.
um-Fazi, //. t. A woman; see iikii-Fa.
im Faz'o, and im-Fazwe, n. 3. War; see uku-
Fa.
ukut'i-FE, (I.) V. i. To have emotion, compas-
sionate feeling.
u-Fefe, w. 5. Sympathetic feeling, tender
affection : unofcfe, he is keenly or tenderly
affected, as is seen by the tears which he
tries to suppress; fervour, heartiness,
cordiality: ndihetwe lufefe ngcmhandczclo
yako, I have a compassionate feeling for
thy affliction; the benediction, from its
beginning with ufc/e = grace. Adv. ngo-
fcfe: ndinikc lento ngofefc, give me this
thing out of affection ; k.iiwfcfc, feelingly,
fervently, affectionately.
ukut'i-FE, (II.) ukut'i-Fefe, and uku-Fefa,
V. t. To sprinkle gently, to rain gently.
im-Fe, n. 3. Sweet cane ; a species of sugar-
cane. Sorghum saccharatum Pers.; imfe
ycsclc, or iinf escle, a kind of bulrush with
a square stalk, Cyperus solidus Kunth. ; see
uku-SUela.
isi-Fe, n. 4. A small garden, where sweet-
cane grows.
uku-Feca, v. t. To bruise, break down
maize or sweetcane stalks without sever-
ing the parts entirely : atnazcJe afeciwe,
the sweet cane has been broken down.
im-Fecane, n. 3. pi. Marauders, free-
booters, bandits, lawless tribe, esp. the
followers of Matiwana, who were de
feated and broken up at the Umtata in
1829.
uku Feba, i;. /. To commit adultery, forni-
cation.
isi-Febe, n. 4. A hare; fig. a fornicator,
adulterer, harlot; a voluptuary, sensual-
ist.
ubu-Febe, n. 7. Fornication.
im-Febenge, n. 3. A very hungry person.
uku-Feca and im-Fecane, see under im-Fe.
uku-Feceza, = uku-Feca and uku-Fehleza.
isi-Fede, n. 4. A stupid, useless fellow; also of
animals, lazy: isifede sehashe, a slow, lazy
horse; an unvailing attempt.
i Fedelele, n. 2. Nonsense.
ubu-Fedelele, n. 7. Uselessness, worth-
lessness.
uku-Fefa, and ukut'i-Fefe, =ukutt FefllJ.
u Fefe, 1). '5. Compassion, see ukuti-Fe (I).
uku-Fefeza, and Feiezela, = uku-Fe/a.
FE
ukut'i-Fehle, 1 ■ -r u i
ukut'i Fehlefehle, 3 "■ '■ ^^ become weak.
Felilefehle, Adj. Weak, feeble, languid
from sickness.
uku-Fehleza, v. To walk as one who has
lost power in his limbs, as one who has
drunk too much liquor or smoked too
much iohacco, = uku-Bcxe2a.
ulpehlr*^' ] "• 5- Weakness, languor
after sickness. Em. palsy, ague.
uku-Feja, v. t. Em. To copulate.
u-FeJamanzl, n. 1. Em. A dragonfly, see
u-Gqamaiizi, under uku-Gqa.
Fekefeke, w, 5. Emotion, = u-Fcfe.
ukuFeketa, v. i. To play, sport, frolic:
abanlw.ina bayafcketa pnndle, the children
are playing outside ; fig. to toy with or
trifie at work; to make sport of a person:
musa ukufckcta tigam, do not make sport of
me.
um Feketi, n. I. One who behaves like a
child.
im Feketd, «. 3. Play, sport, trifling.
uku-Feketana, ■;;. To play with each other.
— Feketlsa, v. To cause or make to play
or trifle ; to treat playfully.
isi-Fekexe, ??. 4. Wasifekexe, he fell prostrate,
had some heaviness on him.
i-FELANI, n. 3. A cotton blanket; Du vel.
u-Fele, «. 5. A sheepskin; Du. vel.
ukut'i-Felefele, v. i. Not to be anything, i.e.
to be nothing.
um-Feli, see uku-Fa.
ama-Fene, n. 2. pi. Excuses, used in a bad
sense, = ama-Menemene.
im-Fene, «. 3. A hahoon; = i-Mfene.
a-F'epiwe, n. 5. A tin can, see under uku-Fa.
im-Fesane, n. 3. The navel-string ; fig. com-
passion: ndisikwa yimfesane ngenxa yendi-
jnbanc, I have compassion on the multitude.
im-F'esele, n. 3. A species of bulrush, see
im-Fe.
i-FESTlLE, n. 3. A window; Du. venster.
uku-Feza, v. t. To accomplish; to bring to
pass; to finish, work out: ndiwufezile umse-
benzi warn, I have completed my work; to
overcome difficulties.
— Fezakala, v. To be accomplished.
— Fezeka, v. To be accomplished, in a
finished state.
im-Fezeko, n. 3. Fulfilment.
uku-Fezela, v. To finish, etc., for or on
account of: ndifezele lento indoyisayo,
accomplish for me this thing, which is
beyond my strength.
102
— Fezisa, v. To help to finish, etc.
um-FI, n. I. A dead man; see ukuFa.
im-Fidi, n. 3. Mass (of people, mud, etc.)
u-Fifana, n. 5. Dimin. of m /'7^. Unofifana,
he has only a little, indistinct knowledge ;
ndaka tideva ufifana ngehashe lako, I heard
something about your horse.
u-Fifi, n. 5. An indistinct sight, a glimpse of a
thing not seen properly; fig. an indistinct
idea, an inkling of a thing: cbengc iialufiji lo-
kitba babulawa yindlala, he had no inkling
that they were dying from hunger.
ubu-Fifi, n. 7. Dimness, weaksightedness.
uku-Fifinga, v. t. To drive together in a
rough way by force ; to over-drive people
in work.
uku-FIHLA, V. t. To hide, conceal, keep
secret, suppress : wayijihla pina lonto f where
did you hide that thing ? wayijihla inyaniso,
he supressed the truth ; fihla ukuba kivakc,
do not make his thieving public ; uyazijihla,
he is hiding himself in time of sickness,
to be beyond the reach of the person who is
bewitching him ; to bury.
im-Ffhlo. H. 3. A hidden thing; beer set
apart by the giver of a beer-drink, to
be drunk after the guests have left.
uku-FihIana, v. To hide, etc., each other.
— Fihiakala, v. To be secret, mysterious,
not easily revealed, explained, or under-
stood.
im-FihIakalo, «. 3. A mystery, mysterious
event.
uku-Fihleka, v. To be hidden, capable of
concealment : inkomo zifihlckilc chlattni,
the cattle are hidden in the forest.
— Fihiela, v. To hide, conceal from or for:
tiyafidijihlela inkuvihulo zakd,yo\\ are hiding
your thoughts from me ; niyijihlela bani-na
lonto f for whom or from whom are you
hiding this matter.' of a cow, to keep
back her milk for her calf.
im-Fihlelo, n. 3. A mystery; a secret.
isi-FihIelo, n. 4. Something (as poetry) to
be repeated without the book.
uku-FihIelana, v. To hide, etc., from each
other.
— Fihlisa, v. To cause to hide, etc.:
washiimayela ilizwi ngokungafihlisiyo, he
proclaimed the word without reserve,
boldly, plainly.
— Fihlisela, v. To do a thing in secret:
wenza lento cfihlisela, he did this thing ii
secret.
uku-FIKA, V. i. To arrive at; to come to:
ndifikile kiisasa, I arrived early ; izolo sajika
ckaya, we arrived at, i.e. reached, home
yesterday; kujikiwe kona, having arrived
there ; ndavifika ngentonga, I struck him with
a stick; sometimes = ?/*M/«/OT(7«a : bafika ku-
tijengoko bcbetshilo, they found it even so as
they had said.
um-Fiki, n. I. A new comer in a district, a
stranger; a new, i.e. late, comer at a
meeting.
um-Fiko, n. 6. Arrival.
uku-Fikela, v. To reach to: andiyi knfikcla
kulondawo, I shall not reach or attain to
that place; to surprise: impi yasijikela, the
army came upon us, surprised or attacked
us ; ndafikelw.i bntongo, sleep overcame me ;
uya kufikelwa yimihla, days shall come
upon you; ftdamfikela tigentonga, lit, I
came upon him with a stick, i.e. I beat
him.
— Fikelela, v. To reach up to a certain
place or person: andinakufikelcli kulanto,
I cannot reach up to or attain that thing;
to have access or admittance to.
— Fikelelana, v. To reach so far as to
touch one another.
— Fikisa, v. To cause or make to arrive;
to bring to ; to let come : ndazijikisa inkomo
e-Qonce, I brought the cattle to King
William's Town.
is:-Fikiso, n. 4. Means.
uku-Fikisela, /■. To cause to arrive for
another, or in a certain place:
nlamfikisela inqwclo y.:ke c-Bofolo, I
brought his wagon for him to Fort
Beaufort. Phr. nzijikisdc, he has eaten
to his heart's content.
isi-Fikane, n. 4. Scented grass (Andropogon
and Lasiospermum radiatum) used for
making necklaces.
um-Fikazi, //. l. A dead woman; see iim-Fi,
under iiku-Fa.
i-Fiko, n. 2. A person or other object seated
in a crouching posture : into cfanc yalijiko,
a thihg that remains inactive, as a troop,
or a bank of clou is on the horizon.
im-Fiko, n. 3. pi. Goads, only used in the ex-
pression iikufak'i imfikj, to goad on. Its
derivation is uncertain. It may be a
corruption oi im-Viko, sharp pointed stakes
on which game are impaled.
ukut'i-FilikihIi, v. i. To fall down in a heap;
to fall upon in crowds, as a herd of cattle
in a corn field.
uku-FlLISHA, V. t. To court ; Du. vrijen.
FI
isi-Fiinfit6, ;;. 4. Any thing very much]
swollen: isanJla sisijiiiijitd, the hand is very
nuicli swollen,
uku FINCA, t\ t. To drink up; to drain the
lust drop: bawujincilc nniviizo wabo, they
have their reward, i.e. they liave drunk it
all up and they have nothing further to ex-
pect ; HHiUfincile, you have done me down.
im-Finca, n. 3. A little of a thing: imjinca
yainasi, a little thick milk.
uku FIncela, r. tikufa kufincclivc cloyisweni,
death is swallowed up in victory.
— Fincelela, r. To pour a substance from
one vessel into another, leaving nothing
remaining; to use up, leaving nothing;
to exhaust : ivazifiiicelcla izinto zako, thou
hast used up thy good things.
um-Fincafincane, n. 6. The so called Balm
of Gilead, the wild or red Dar'a,
Leonotis leon.irus R.Br., used for colds,
coughs and snakebites.
urn Fincane wehlati, n. 6. The wild pome-
granate, Burchellia capensis R. Br.
uku-Finga,^. t. To tuck up, io\d:finga iuiikoiio,
tuck up the sleeves ; to shorten ; to make or
gather folds in sewing a garment; to com-
press, squeeze into a corner.
isi-Fingo, u. 4. Lit. the rolling up of the
night ; the dawn of. the day.
um-Fingo, 11. 6. Fold, plait in a garment.
uku-Fingana, v. To bend or twist aside,
to be flexible: umsoiUo onyikinyiki iiyafi-
ugaitn, the damp thread bends and does
not go into the hole.
Fingeka, v. To be gathered or contract-
ed, as coils of rope gathered in one heap:
intambo ifiugckilc, the rope is coiled up.
ukut'i-Fingi, 1'./. To heap up. v.i. To appear
in a mass, as a crowd of people or cattle.
im-Fingimfingi, ti. 3- Heap, mass of
people, or cattle, etc.
uku-Fingiza, ---- uku-Funguza.
ukut'i-Fingqi, v. i. To appear in a mass, as
an army ; = iikuti-Fiiigi.
uku-Flngxela,!'. t. To throw things hurriedly
into a heap.
uku-Fininika, v. i. To begin to come out, as
the grass, buds and blossoms in the spring;
of springs, to begin to flow just before rain;
to bleed a little.
— Fininikisa, v. To cause to empty out
the blood, etc.; to bleed one a little.
ukut'i-Finini, | • y ^ j^e body,
uku-Finiza, 3
as when about to sit down on the ground ;
to make faces, grimaces at a person; to
distort the countenance; fig. iiyazifiniza
indaba, he distorts the report.
FI
— Finizela, .v To make a grimace for or
at; fig. to disregard: undijinizela-ninaf
why do you show disregard to me? to
interrupt or prevent one from speaking
or proceeding.
um-Fino, n. 6. Em. = um-Fii.'io.
uku Finxa, v. t. To overdo, go to excess;
nyazifiiLxa inkomo, he overdrives the cattle ;
reflex: uyazifinxa, he eats or drinks to
excess; to be immo:lerate, excessive.
uku-FINYA, V. i. To blow the nose.
i Finyaiia, n. 2. One drawn together; a
low, common person.
uku-Finyela, v. To draw together; to lie
as a heap : woinbona cndlwini ejitiyele, you
will see him in the house lying all in a
heap; to draw up the legs and arms:
wafinycla imilcnze, he drew up his legs.
— Finyelela, v. To arrive at a certain
place ; - iiku Fikclela.
— Finyeza, v. To make short; to shorten
(a garment, door, time, etc.): finycza
iiigubo, or imikuno, draw up your garment,
or fold back the sleeves; finyeza inkomo,
bring on or nearer together the cattle,
which remained behind; to draw in:
finycza inymvo zako, draw in your feet;
to finish a work: finyeza ukubula, finish
thrashing.
-— Finyezela, v. To draw in or shorten at
or for : xvazifinyczela csinqcnqekvjni inyawo
zake, he gathered up his feet into the bed;
nkufinyezela pezulti, to tuck up the clothes
below the waist, as women do before
beginning to hoe, or as they uncon-
sciously do when scolding.
— Finylsa. v. To make or cause to blow
the nose.
izi-Finyiso, u. 4. pi. Snuffers, tongs.
u-Fipa ». 5. Darkness, obscurity.
uku-Fipala, v. To become dim, indistinct,
obscure ; to be dark and cloudy ; to
change colour ; to grow pale from any
cause (anger, sickness, death) : iiafipala
ngnmsindo, his countenance changed from
anger; ufipclc akasoiguinntu, he was so
much altered as to be scarcely known as
a man ; igilas ifipele, the pane is dim ; izulu
lifipele, the sky is cloudy ; amazwi afipele
encwadini, the letters are not clearly seen
in the book; ndifipele ukuva vgoknbeka
kiiye, I missed hearing by looking at him.
um-Fipazo, '/. 6. (l) Alteration, change.
(2) An herb used as an emetic ; prob. the
ink-plant, whose large white flower _
becomes black soon after being pulled.
104
FI
i-FlSA, n. 3, Fist; from Eng.
um-Fisi, //. 6. A medicinal plant; sec nku-Fa.
isi-Fiso /(. 4. Assassination; see iikii Ft
ukut'i-Fiti, v. i. To be crammed full, satiated,
stuffed, fat, stupid: ite-fit'i kiitycha iiitliziyn
yabo, their heart is as fat as grease.
isi-Fiti, 11. 4. The violet pea, Baphi
racemosa Hochst., a small tree,
ukut'i Fititi, v. i. Of sweat, to ooze out of
the skin or body.
i- Fititi, H. 2. Moistness of the skin, espec.
of the nose.
uku-Fitiza, v. i. To put forth : iziilii liyajitha,
the sky sends forth a drizzling rain
iimbonn iiyafit'iza, the maize is putting
forth fdaments from the forming cobs;
itinloiitbo uyafit'iza, fancV ukuba iza kiina,
the (dry) fountain begins to flow, probably
rain is coming; iiiyoka ifit'iza amagwebu,
the serpent is foaming at the mouth;
(Kafirs say that, when two serpents
fight, they retire from each other to get
fresh' poison and return foaming) ; impi
ifitiza paya, said of an army continuously
issuing in small parties from a certain
place ; fig. not to be clear, to be unintellig-
ible, to hesitate in speaking, not to
come to the point ; to sob.
ukut'i- Fixi, v. t. and i. To sit down too
closely to another person or upon another
person in a crowded or overheated hut ; of
guests, to crowd upon a person; fig. to be j
angry : ute fixingunisiiido. he was full of an,§'er. I
uku Fixa, v. t. To put forth filaments as
maize ; of guests, to crowd upon a person.
— Fixiza, V. To put forth filaments; to
strike one often on the face with the fist,
etc.
um-Fiyo, n. 6. Cluytia pulchella Mull, sup
posed to have the power of warding off
lightning from a hut or kraal. The roots
are burnt in the fire, and branches of the
shrub are hung up roand the eaves of the
hut and on the kraal fence.
i-FLAR'A, n. 3. A load, from Du. vracht.
um Fo, n. I. A man; see uku Fa.
im Fo, n. 3. and isi-Fo, n. 4. Sickness; see
iiku-Fa.
im Fobe, n. 3. Mercy, compassion.
isi Fobe, n. 4. and isa-Fobe, generally used
in the plural iznfobc. Speaking indirectly or
figuratively, loading or obscuring the
speech with flourishes; a thing of no use,
for amusement only, such as a valentine,
ukut'i- FOCO,. V. i. To yield to the touch, as an
elastic substance or a swelling; to be
CO iipressible or compressed.
O
FO
uku-Foca, V. t. To press or squeeze : usuke
waiuHj'ocd cDuati'imln'i, he trampled upon or
squeezed my bowels; fig. to shed out all
the blood.
— Focisa, V. To cause to shed, to drain out
all the blood by squeezing the neck of
killed birds.
— Foceka, = ukuti-Foco.
ukut'i FOHLE, v. i. To be depressed,
to sink : ndite fohle, I feel depressed ; indlu
ite fohle, mayifakwe inisika, the roof of the
house has sunk down, it requires a pillar ;
utefohle, andnbisambona, he slunk away and
I saw him no more.
i Fohlefohle, «. 2. The repeated beating
or wounding of skulls in fighting.
uku-FohIa, v. Lit. To causea depression; to
break down: vikabi ibufohlile ubuhlanti,
the ox has, by leaping over, depressed or
broken the fence of the cattle-fold,
—Fohlana, v. Em. To break each other's
skulls; to tear each other's clothes, etc.,
in fighiing,^ tihi-Ntlantlana.
— Fohlela, v. To give way; only used in the
expression : uxob' cfolilcla,he arms and dis-
arms, said of a coward who pretends to
be brave by arming himself, but who
never gets the length of fighting.
— Fohloza, V. To tear ; spoil, - uku-Dlavula.
--Fohlozana, = uku- Fohlana.
um-Fokazi, 11. l. A great man; see under
uku-Fa.
u Fokot6, «. 5. (a) The fontanel or soft
' place on an infant's head, (b) The umbilical
cord of a young calf.
i'Fokotshela, n. 2. A common ignorant
person; a destitute individual, a worthless
fellow.
uku-Fola, V. i. To stay or live with one's
friend as long as one likes.
i-Foii, n. 2. The python.
ukut'i-FoIokohIo, v. i. To fall down, after
being shot or stabbed.
i-FOLOKWE, n. 3. Fork; Du. vork.
uku-FOLOMA, V. To mould bricks; Du.
vormen.
ama-FoIotwane, n. 2. pi. Changes (always
in a bad sense), freakishness, assuming
protean shapes; different ways and
manners.
uku-Foloza, V. i. To express discontent, find
fault, murmur: uyayifoloza inteto yam, you
demur at, or find fault with, what I say.
isi-Fombo, n. 4. A hump-backed or pigeon-
breasted person.
ukut'i- Fongqo, v. To arch the body as a
springbuck in leaping up, or as a worm or
caterpillar in moving.
105
FO
ama-Fongqo, ama-Fongqongqo.andama-
Fonjjqofonjjqo, ii.2.pl. Convexities; pro-
tuberances or arciies, as tiie back of a
spring-buck when jumping, the neck of a
horse when prancing, the body of a worm
wiien moving; fig. iitcta amafongqo-
fongqo, he uses tricks, artifices, excuses; he
speaks figuratively, so that others cannot
understand.
u Fongqongqo, ;/. 5. A crook backed
person.
uku Fongqoza, v. To walk, run or jump
in a curved, bent position; to arch the
neck and throw the head like a horse.
uku-Fononontisa, r. i. To make hopeless
attempts or unreasonable demands, as
trying to milk a dry cow, or telling a child
to do a thing beyond its strength, or impos-
ing a fine upon a destitute person.
FOSI, Adj. Chestnut (horse) ; Du. vos.
/. To be indented, bent in (of
)f milk and pumpkin.
3. That which is
ukut'i-Foto, I ^, .
uku Fotoka) "''' '
a tin vessel).
isi-Fotd, II. 4. An indentation, bend, as in
a tin vessel.
i Fot6yi, n. 2. Porridge
im-Fotyololo, |
im-Fotyomfotyo, 3 ''
supple, flexible, pliant.
i-FOxongo, n. 2. An old hut.
u-Foyiyafoco, //. I. Things coming next to
nothing.
ili-Fu, «. 2. A cloud: iimUfii, he has a cloud,
i.e. he is in safety because of a cloud of
defenders; loc. cjiiii, in tlie cloud.
isi Fu, n. 4. A surly, independent fellow
loinntu usisifu, this person is angry.
isi-Fuba, «. 4. The human chest: iidinesifu-
ba, 'I have a sore chest,' may be used of
any chest complaint whatever; the blouse
part of a woman's dress when blouse and
skirt are in one piece; the chest of an
animal, which in a slaughtered animal is the
perquisite of the men. Phr. akanasifuba,
he has no chest, i.e. he cannot keep a
secret, he is a chatterbox. ii-Sifiiba-sibanzi,
Christ, afterwards the Christian (so called
by u-Nlsikana, the first Kafir poetj : loinhla
ba uya kiuniwa iigosifuba-sibaiizi, this land
will be inhabited by Christians.
u-Fuba, n. 5. Anxiety, apprehensiveness,
hypochondria: lomiitu uiiofuba, this person
is suffering from hypochondria, cf. u-Nkzvi-
iitshaiia.
um-Fube, = uni-Fumbcsi.
i-FubesI, n. 2. The Spotted Eagle owl, Bubo
106
FU
maculosus (VicilL), whose cry is rendered:
vima tuta, reap and carry away.
u-Fudo, «. 5. A tortoise; fig. a foul-smelling
person.
uku-FUDUKA, v. i. To remove from one
place to another: kuminyaka iiiibhii safuduka
e-Dikciii, it is two years since we left Alice;
safuduka iigenxa yciikomo, we left on account
of the cattle.
im-Fuduka, n. 3. Removal of people
with their cattle and chattels from one
place to another.
uku-Fudukela, v. To remove for or to a
certain locality: wafudukda c-Moiiti, he
removed to East London.
— Fudusa, V. To remove from one place
to another; to transfer: kufudusiwc izizwe,
the tribes have been removed to another
country.
— Fudusela, v. To remove for, to: ama-
Ngqika afudnschve pesheya kwe-Nciba, the
Gaikas have been located beyond the
Kei river.
Fuduia, contrac. Fuda, Aux. with adv.
meaning, always with past signification.
To have been in the habit of being or
doing; to have been accustomed to do in
the past: ubufudula uUma ngaiito-nina? with
what were you wont to plough ? iidifudula
iidihaniba, I was in the habit of walking;
fuduia or fuda ndisitsho, I used to say.
ukn-Fudumala, v. i. To be warm, hot:
kufudumelc namhla, sibilile, it is so warm
to-day that we sweat: atnansi ayafudumala
ciiib'izciii, the water is getting hot in the pot;
iidifuna indawo efndumeleyo, I want a warm
place.
im-Fudumalo, ;/. 3. Warmth; heat of sun
or fire.
uku-Fudumalisa, v. To make warm; to
cause to be warm: ilauga liyatvufuduma-
lisa uinhlaba eltlotycni, the sun makes the
earth warm in summer.
— Fudumeza, v. To warm up iood: fudu-
iiicza ukudla, make the food warm.
uku-Fukama, v.' i. To brood, as a hen in
hatching: iiikukii ifukamilc, the hen is
sitting on her eggs; also used of a woman
lying in, or a serpent coiled up after biting,
or lightning after striking.
— Fukamela, v. To incubate eggs: iukuku
ifukanuie ainaq :tida, the hen is sitting on,
is hatching, her eggs.
— Fukamisa, v. To act as a nurse to a
lying-in woman, to minister to her and
the infant.
ukut'i FUKU, r. i. To swell a little: lendazvo
ili'fiiku, this part is a little swollen; ukoko
littc-fukii, the scab is somewhat raised, v. t.
To raise or lift (a pail, a bag of mealies) :
yit'i-fuku, lift it up.
u Fukufu, n. 5. ~\
i-Fukufuku n. 2. > Things heaped to-
u-Fukufuku, n. 5.)
gether loosely, as leaves, rubbish, chaff,
straw or refuse: ihlati lifukufuku, the
forest is impassable on account of
the fallen trees, leaves and scrub; inguh
ilufukufuku, the garment is loose and
bulky, like a crinoline.
im-Fukunifuku, n. 3. A heap of grass;
adj. entangled, perplexing.
uku-Fukuka, v. To rise, from fermentation
or boiling; to swell up: amaziniba akiipe-
kwa ayafukuka, the Kafircorn when
cooked rises in the pot; uitlama
ifukiikile, the dough has risen.
— Fukukisa, v. To leaven; to cause to
rise, i.e. from fermentation, as in dough.
— Fukula, *'. To lift up; to take up from
the ground; to heave; to support, as
when one person assists another by
holding him up in his arms or on his
shoulders in passing a dangerous place.
— Fukulela, v. To lift up to.
— Fukusa, r. To raise, lift up earth as a
mole or pig: iuttikii iya fukusa, the mole is
li ting up the earth ; to germinate, grow,
as grass in spring.
— Fukuzela, r. To carry on the head bulky,
soft things (garments, twigs), which
dangle down.
uku-Fukuta, v. t. To munch a thing, as a little
corn, or mimosa root, or a straw with pipe-
oil : halifukuta igqwaka, vkuze hazuze antendu,
they chewed the Bushman tea in order to
gain swiftness.
i-FULA, n. 3. Forage, provender ; Du. voer.
im-FuIa, n. 3. ) . ,, .,,
um-Fula, «. 6. j " °P^" valley with a water
channel: umhlaha uziinfula, the ground is
full of fissures and clefts; a small stream, a
brook, a water course, even if dry. Phr.
Akuko mfula ungnhlokomiyo, lit. there is no
river that has not its own sound, i.e. every
creature has its own special gift. Umfidaka-
zi, a great valley.
isi-Fula, «. 4. A number of imifula in one
place.
uku-FuIa, V. t. To go to the garden and
gather food (mealies, pumpkins) before
reaping time.
FU
uku-Fulatela, and Fulatsela, v. t. Em. To
turn the back on a person or thing: ungatidi-
fulateli, do not turn the back on me.
um-FULAWENJA, H. 6. lit. 'dog's river.' In-
fluenza, corr. from Eng. and playing on
the Kafir words.
uku-FuIela, t;. t. To cover in a house with
thatch ; to thatch ; to put any kind of roof,
zinc, corrugated iron, etc., on a house.
um-Fuleli. «. i. A thatcher, etc*
isi Fulelo. ;/. A. ) -ru . u- c ^
u-Fulelo,«.5 5 Thatchmg, roofing.
uku-Fuleleka, v. To be thatched.
uku-FULER'A, V. t. To plait or braid the hair;
Du. vlechten.
uku-Fuma, v. t. To be or become moist,
damp, humid: amazimha afumih' esiteni, the
Kafircorn has got damp in the stack.
— Fumisa, v. To cause to be moist; to
moisten, make damp,
uku FUMANA, v. t. pass. FunyaKu-a. To
come to ; to meet with ; to find : tidiy'f.nnene
imvnyatn ebilahlekile, I have foimd my sheep
which was lost; to make up to: yib' uhamba
jidokufujitaita, be going on, I will catch you
up; to reach: andiyifumaiii lento nangesandla,
I cannot reach this thing even with the
hand; fig. to get at: ndiya kukujumana, I
shall get you, i.e. beat, strike yoii; to gain,
attain, obtain : ndiyafuiia nknfunda, ke andi-
hifumaiti, I seek to learn, but I cannot
attain it; fig. to overtake: unizi ufuiiyctiwe,
the city was overtaken. Plir. ivod' ufauyamve
sesiiuatorits' abanzi, you will get yourself
into difficulties.
Aux. used adverbially in the sen^e of
doing a thing in vain, (changing sometimes
the end vowel a or /' into e). There is a
distinction between the use of this verb
with a participle and its use with a con-
junctive mood, e.g. ufuinana eteta, he speaks
in vain ; ufumana atete, he speaks at random,
i.e. without thought or occasion or reason ;
kuba akafuinanc alipate irele, for he beareth
not the sword in vain; ufiimane atahate, he
takes without ceremony; fuuian' iifika sele-
vikile kwa pezolo, you come too late, he
having already left last night.
— Fumanana, v. To find, meet, reach,
catch each other, when seeking each
other: ndafumanana naye cvdleleni, I met
with him in the road; wafuviaimna nc-
xama, he caught or hit the hartebeest.
— Fumananlsa, v. To cause to find each
other.
FU
— Fumaneka, v. To be found: ufumancka
ctembckilc, he is found faithful.
— Fumanela, v. To find or obtain for:
inkonjane izifiimnmle indlu, the swallow
has found a nest for herself.
— Fumanisa, v. To cause to find or get.
— Pumanisana, v. To find out one another ;
to rival.
uku FUMB'A, V. t. pass. Funjwa. To pile,
heap up; to collect many things into a
mass: colani esonto nizifninb^, pick up those
things and pile them up.
i-Pumba, w. 2. ) . ■ ■,
im-Fumba,«.3.J ^ heap, pile.
isi-Fumba, ii. 4. A hump-backed person; a
hide folded together.
uku Pumbafala, r. To be in a crouching
position; to lie in a heap; to stay in a
place for a little, without settling down.
— Fumbata, v. t. To clench the fist; to
grasp and keep, or retain in the closed
hand: u-T'tkoloshc lowlitye cUngqiikuva
alifumbatayo; lilo cli Uinba>igcla ukiiba
angabonaknli, Tikoloshe has in his closed
hand a round stone which renders him
invisible; fig. to comprehend.
i-Funjetwe, «. 3. An enclosure, in a
letter, etc.
uku-Fumbatela, v. To grasp for or on
account of.
— Fumbatisa, v. To cause the hand to
close on something; to give something
into the hand.
— Fumbela, v. To pile for or at: f umbel'
apa, heap up here.
— Fumbelana, v. To gather together in
smdll heaps or masses: bafumbelcnc
ndmvonyc, they sit together in heaps,
which generally means, they are too
crowded.
— Fumbisa, v. To cause to make piles,
heaps.
-— Fumbisana, )
— Fumbisisana, 3
piles or heaps for each other.
— Fumbisela, v. To cause to make heaps
for.
um Fumbesi, ti. I. Em. The husband of a
wife's sister; a term of address between
men married to sisters.
uku-FUNA, V. t. To seek, want, desire, aim
at, inquire for ; to search for edible herbs in
the lands: ufiina uto-nina npii? what do you
want here? iidifiina uinscbcnzi iikiizc ttdiziizc,
I endeavour to gain money by work;/«;7(7
inkomo, zilahlckile, search for the cattle,
V. To help to make
FU
they have strayed; ndiftina ukuziboiia, I
want to see myself in the glass; iphia imali
biyijiitia-njc abaniuf where is the money
the people ask for? ufun' inidiko, he wants
an opponent, he challenges.
um-Funi, w. I. One who seeks or is in
search of any thing ; fig. an inquirer.
um-Funi joy ini, ;/. I. from Funa and Eng.
join. A labour agent.
um-Funo. } ^ ^jj ^ f ^j^le
um-Funofuno,J
herbs and of cultivated vegetables except
grain, maize, etc., and pumpkins.
uku-Funafuna, v. To seek quickly.
— Funana, v. To want, seek, etc., one
another: bnfiinana nayc, they wanted him ;
andifiinant iiuyc, I do not like him, I
detest him.
— Funeka, v. To be sought, wanted ; to
be in demand ; to be needful ; to be
worth seeking; to be desirable: into
cfunekayo, ii dcsirdblc, needful thing; kit-
funcka iikiiba lento ycnziwe, this thing
must be done.
im-Funeko. n. 3. Necessity.
uku-Funela, iJ. To want, seek, etc., for:
iindifuncla-ninaf what do you seek me
for? wondifuncla ukudla, you must seek
and get food for me.
— Funisa, v.. To cause a search to be
made; to help to seek; to try to obtain:
ndiynfunisa ngcnkoino yam, I try to obtain
by my cow, i.e. I bring her for sale; fig.
to try to find, i.e. to guess, suppose.
— FunJsela, r. To try to find for; fig. to
guess, estimate, reckon, appraise : lomntii
ngokwam ukiifunisela unetyala, this man
in my opinion is guilty; inani legusha
lifunisehm kiu:: waka, the number of
sheep is esti;Tiat"d at thousands ; to grope
in the dark, as a blind man.
i-Funiselo, n. 2. Guessing, estimation.
uku-Funisisa, v. To help to seek, search
out, throughout; to want, enquire, etc.,
carefully, earnestly.
uku-Funca, v. i. To suck up (said of bees and
flower-sucking birds), - uku-Mfimfita.
im Funda, n. 3. Em. A flat place or valley
at a river's bank, inundated when the river
is in flood.
um-Funda, n. 6. A place of low, mean people
who do not serve at court; pliir. outcasts
who do not willingly submit to the chief's
orders; a tribe such as ama Gqunukivebe or
ama Gcina, whose tfhief is not of royal blood.
FU
uku- FU N DA, V. t. To learn to do a thing ; to
learn to work; to learn lo read, build, etc.;
to gain knowledge: b -fiiiuhi (iiii!:<i(Uim, they
are learning the alphabet; iifiindilc, he is a
learned man; uyafunia incwadi, he learns
to read ; also to read. Em. to take another
mouthful of food.
um-Fundi, ti.
im-Fundi, «.
im-Fundo u.
education.
isi Fundo, n.
um-Fundo, i
A learner, disciple.
An expert person.
What has been learned
. 4. Lesson, training.
<.. 5. The act or way
4. A lesson.
, 6. A learning ; the act or
work of one who is only learning.
uku-Fundela, v. To learn for or in a certain
place, etc.
— Fundisa, c To teach, instruct: ahantwa-
nn bafundiswa ndim, the children are
instructed by me.
um Fundisi, n. I. (a) Teacher, applied to all
missionaries and preachers of the Gospel :
umfnndisi wahnnhvnna, a school master.
(A school master is now distinguished by
the name u- or i-titshaln.)
(b) A nickname for i-Hlungulu, the White
necked Raven, m reference to his collar,
and sometimes also for i-Gwangwa, the
Pied Crow.
um Fundaswa, «. l. One who is being
taught or trained.
im Fundiso, //. 3. Instruction, teaching,
doctrine.
isi Fundiso, n
u Fundiso, /
teaching.
ubu Fundisi,
ministry,
uku Fundisana, v. To teach, etc., each other.
— Fundisela, v. To teach, etc., for:
iifu/idisela imali, he teaches for money.
uku-Fundekela, v. t. To annoy, bother, dis-
turb, vex, tease, trouble, irritate by making
a noise or clamour: 7mis' ukundifiindekcln,
do not trouble me;ivandifu>!dckelangenko-
mo, he troubled me with begging for cattle.
im-Fundekelo. n. 3. J ^oise, clamour,
isi Fundekelo, ;/. 4- j '
dunning.
uku Fundekelana, v. To tease, trouble,
etc., each other by noise or clamour.
um-Fundi, um-Fundisi, im Fundiso, um
Fundiswa, im-Fundo, etc., see uku-Funda.
u Fundo, M. 5. The upper or prominent part
of the spine: wiofiindo, he is hunchbacked;
hanofundo, they have a reserve force behind ;
see uku Fnkn.
uku-Fundulula, v. t. To banter or speak
ironically.
7. Ofitice of teaching,
FU
im-Funeko, Necessity; see uku Fuua.
uku FUNCiA, V. i. To make an oath; to
swear, which is done by calling by name a
chief, generally one who is dead, or invok-
ing a father or brother on the part of
females, and a sister or mother, especially
a mother in law, on the part of males (a
woman never names her father-in-law):
izizwc ngczizwc zifunga inkosi zazo, the
various tribes swear by their chiefs;
udifuiign u Ti.vo, I swear by God.
i Funga, n. 2. One who takes on oath:
amafioiga biixoki, false-swearers.
isi Fungo, n. 4. Oath, affidavit.
uku-Fungela, v. To swear for: ufungela-
uiua ? for what purpose do you swear ?
— Fungelana, v. To swear to each other,
as David and Jonathan did; to conspire
with each other; to vie with each other.
— Fungisa, v. To cause to swear; to bind
by, and to put under oath: umgwcbi wawa-
fungisa amanqina, the judge put the
witnesses under oath.
um-Fungisi, n. I. An exorcist.
isi Fungiso, ti. 4. Used by some mission
aries for the sacrament of the Lord's
Supper ; = Lat. sacramentum.
uku-Fungisana, v. To bind each other by
oath.
— Fungisela, /•. To bind by oath for.
im Fungqa, n. 3. Heap, multitude,
um Fungqu, «. 6. Heap, burden, load.
im Fungumfungu, n. 3. Rubbish in a heap.
\x\iuF \in^uza., = Fiiigiza, v. t. To remove a
heap by carrying (corn, litter, sweepings).
um Funi, i Funiselo, um Funo, see i4kn-
Funa.
i Funjetwe, n. 3. An enclosure in a letter;
see under uku-Futiiba.
uku Funqula, v. t. To raise or lift a heavy
thing or burden.
— Funquka. v. To raise or lift itself, to
rise ; umzi woiikc iiuiufuuquke, let the whole
village rise.
— Funquleka, v. To be taken up: funquleka,
be thou taken up, i.e. raise yourself.
uku-Funxa, v. i. To draw up any liquid as
water, marrow or juice into the mouth; it
may be done in any posture: nknfunxa
ubucopo bake, to pick his brains. It differs
from ukn-Scla, ukn-Pung ;, vku-Ncinda,
vkii-RamiicrIa, uku-Xapn and nku-Kota.
im-Funxa, n. 3. A sponge.
uku Funza, v. t. To urge on dogs to hunt, or
armies to fight or attack: ivaudifnnza nge-
zinjn, he set the dogs on me; wazifunza
109
FU
iziiija kwiiiyamakazi, he set the dogs at the
buck.
-Funzaiia, v. To urge one another to
fight: basnke bafintznna ahafo ho-Somta,
the sons of Somta urged one another to
fight (the enemy).
— Funzela,u. Togive the charge to an army
to rush on a place; to go straight to a
place, putting on a bold face: masifunzdc
kiilawlilo, let us make for that light; of
a horse, to rush into; of birds, to feed
their young ones: intaka iyafiinzela aiiui-
tole ayo, the bird feeds her young ones by
inserting the food with her beak into their
mouth.
um-Funzelo, >i. 6. The food conveyed to
young birds by their mother. It is now
used for nourishment generally.
Fupi, Adj. Short, thick, squat: miiiilit
oinfiip'i, a short and thick person; inkouto
rinfiip'i. a squat beast. Adv. near : Iciilo ihifnp'i
knyc or iiaye, this thing is near to him.
Futshane, Dim. of Fnp'i. Short: ilizivi
cUfiitshauc, a short word; indldaimfatsha-
itc, the road is short.
uku-Futshanisa, r. To shorten, (intro-
duced lately).
u-Fuqa, n. 5. An unpleasant smell.
um-Fusa, and um-Fusakazi, w. 6. A dark
brown animal.
uku-Fuseka, r. To become brown.
i-Fusi, V. 2. Land formerly cultivated, but
now left fallow or lying waste.
im-Fusi, n. 3. The first child born after twins.
i-Futa, V. 2. White clay, with which circym
cised boys smear their bodies; chiefly used
in the pi. (Wiafnta. Any fatty or oily
substance ; butter, fat, oil, grease, etc.
isi-F'uta, n. 4. Horse wood, Hippobromus
alata E.&L., a highly resinous tree.
uku-Futa, V. t. and /. (from root FU, seen in isi-
Fii.) To blow in puffs and gusts; to move the
air by breathing or by a pair of bellows: inifnto
iyafiUa vgamandla, the bellows blow power-
fully ; fig. to melt : kwaknfutiva isinyiii, where
iron ore was melted; to blow at or upon:
iiiyoka imfnt'dc n<rainnte ayo, the snake blew
its poison at him; to give a person a
vapour bath (gumtree or imihlonyane leaves
are boiled in a pot; the pot with its boiling
contents is then placed beside the patient
and a blanket is put over both patient and
pot ; the lid of the pot is removed, and the
vapour rises to make the patient sweat);
to breathe hard, quickly, vehemently;
to snort : ihashc liyafnia, the horse
snorts; to begin to stink; fig. to press
FU
with solicitations; toimportune; toannoyby
constantly urging a person to consent to the
views of another : midifiit'ile, he is constantly
on me, or presses me hard by pursuit, or
importunity, or demand ; unintn ofntayo, a
surly person, = /5/-F«.
i-Fute, ". 2. Persistence, importunity, etc.
im-Futd, n. 3. Bellows made by the natives,
of goat skins, which are removed from
the animal without being cut open
excepting near the legs, and which thus
form bags of about 14 to 20 inches in
length. A horn is inserted at the small
end which serves as a nozzle ; and at the
wide open end are two sticks running
aci-oss each side of the bag, forming an
opening like that of a carpet bag. These
are held by the hand so as to open and
shut the bag, which being alternately
dilated with wind and compressed by a
downward stroke of the hand, gives
a strong blast of wind. Now all sorts of
bellows are called itnfutd.
u-Futa, «. 5. Stench, mephitic air or gas.
um Fut6, n. 6. The puff of a snake,
bullock, cat, or other animal, expressing
anger or mischief; the sudden emission
of air through the nostrils ; puffing, rage,
fury.
uku Futana, v. To excite each other by
rivalry ; to press against each other
closely, e.g. of a large number of people
in a small compartment.
— Futanisela, v. To smother, by covering
with a blanket or by pressing hard upon
a person who is lying down; to tie a
riem round the nose of a bullock that
stubbornly lies down when being trained
and to tighten the riem till the bullock
feels itself being smothered and stands
up on its legs.
—Futeka, v. To feel as if suffocated,
smothered; to breathe vengeance; to be
inflated, excited with anger: vfidckile
ngiimsindo, he is full of wrath.
— Futela, •y. To blow in, at, upon: inyoka
yamfiitela, the snake blew at him (poison) ;
fig. to assail with angry words.
— Futelana, v. Ndifntelcne, I am in a state
of suffocation (from smoke or anger).
— Futelisa, v. To cause to blow at; to
inflate.
— Futeza, -^- uku-Fnta.
Futi, Adv. Often, frequently: ndimhonile
fiit'i, I have seen him many times; full
FU
kangakana-niiuif how often? ycitza fut'i, do
it frequently; kafiit'i: Vfiokntigabi itakalala
kafvt'i, in watchings often.
Futshane, Adj. Short, and uku-Futshaiiisa,
V. To shorten. See Fiip'i.
ukuti-FutU, V. i. To be rather warm or
heated; to be faint, weak, out of breath
from running; fig. to feel uneasy, uncomfort-
ably warm, angry; to be excited, in a
passion.
isi-Futufutu, n. 4, State of excitement;
hot, hasty temper.
ubu-Futufutu, n. 7. Closeness, want of
fresh air.
uku-Futukeza, v. To rush upon the enemy
from behind with vigour and press him
so that he cannot escape.
im-Fuxwa, n. 3. Croup; fig. nngenwc yim-
fiixiva, he is excited, angry.
uku-FUYA, 1). t. To hold in possession; to
occupy: siwufiiyilc luiiihlaba, we have
occupied this country; to farm or breed
cattle: iifnyc igvsha, he bred ^\\iiQp;aWliniga
bayayifityn iniali, the white people rear
money, i.e. give it out for interest; to save,
spare, reserve.
FU
um-Fuyi, //. I. One who rears (stock), a
farmer.
i-Fuya, n. 2. A rich proprietor.
im-Fuyo, //. 3. Possession, property, stock
of any kind; imfiiyo ycinali, capital of
money.
uku-Fuyisa, v. To cause to possess, hold
reach, make rich.
uku-FUZA, V. i. To be like, resemble a
parent or ancestor, espec. in moral char
acter: lomfana nfnza uyise ngokinixila, this
young man shows the same disposition
as his father in drinking,
im-Fuza, n. 3. A likeness, resemblance in
manners, etc. Phr. yiiiifnza ka-Qoagqolwa-
nc, he is a chip of the old block.
im-Fuzo, ".3-)
u-Fuzo, /(. 5. j
- ini-Fuza.
um-Fuzo, K. 6. A model,
uku Fuzisa, v. To make to resemble.
--^Fuzisela, v. To make to liken to or for.
um Fuziselo, n. 6. A likeness, image,
illustration, example.
r^ in Kafir has only one sound, like that
heard in the English go, give : igauia, name ;
galcla, pour. Some tribes pronounce it
harder, nearly like k; some softer, like the
Dutch g.
In the case of nouns beginning with in-,
formed from verbs beginning with c, q, or
X, the letter g is inserted for the sake of
euphony between the prefix and the stem:
in-g-cinga from uku-cinga; in-g-qalo from
ukii-qala; in-g-xelo from uku-xela. Such
nouns are inserted in this dictionary under
the verbal stem from which they arc derived.
The plurals of nouns of class 5 whose stems
begin with c, q, or x also insert a g
between the prefix and the stem : ing-cango
plural of u-cango; ing-qwcqwe plural of
u-qweqwe; ing-xande plural of u-xanJe.
Where the Kafir uses the aspirated form
of the liquid click, the Fingo uses the
harder form of the voiced\:lick: e.g. Kafir
iitn-Ncuniihe, Embo um-Ngcunuhc.
ukuti-QA, V. i. To go as far as, to reach to:
intsimi ite-ga apa, the garden reaches to this
point; ndiye kuti-gn paya, I went as far as
.there ; = ukuti-Gabii.
u-Gaba, /;. 5. The peduncle supporting the
flower of maize or Kafir-corn; hence the
pedicel of any flower.
uku-Gaba, I. v. t. To cut in; to dig with a
pick or hoe ; fig;, of horses, to beat the dust.
i-Qaba, //. 2. A pick or hoe.
uku-OAB'A, II. V. i. To dangle, swing, move,
bend: amanzi ayagaba, the water (being
carried in a vessel on a person's head) is
slopping over; to superabound ; fig. to pride
oneself in; cf. ukit-Gcadiya; fig. to shiver
from fear, Phr. slsii sigab' amasi soda
sigab' amanzi, lit. a belly full of sour milk
will become full of water, i.e. gluttony will
lead to poverty.
i-Qaba, n. 2. Em. A large earring.
'i:8Sawj "-■ Tha, which grows
too rapidly and remains therefore thin,
weak, feeble, slack, flabby ; tasteless
(meat), loose, useless: Icnlo yangamagaba-
gaba, that thing was weak, etc.
uku-Gabela, v. To move, swing, bend on
or to: nmlambo iiyagabela ngapandlc, the
river overflows its banks; amanzi ayaga-
bela pantsi, the water is spilling; fig. to
III
GA
incline the mind to anything ; to desire :
intliziyo yako igiibela-nina !f on what is
your heart bent ?
— Uabisa, v. To cause to swing or move ;
to stir : uyagab'isa iitnboku ivakc, he swings
his watch chain; fig. to make one inclined;
to cause to take a pride in.
— Gabisela, v. To make inclined, desirous
or disposed for.
uku-Gababi^a, v. t. To take long strides in
walking ; to cover a large space or area by
shooting or throwing the assegai over
the mark ; to plough, etc., more than
was intended; to go beyond the mark; to
do a work superficially, and not thoroughly;
to talk in a general way without coming to
particulars.
uku-Gabadela, v. i. To go beyond one's
means in spending; to be extravagant; to
become poor through debt; to go deeper in
a discussion than the actual circumstances
demand ; to grow too rapidly.
u Gabajolo, ii. 5. A tall, thin person; a long
thing: iiiyaivo zako zingabajolo, your feet
are long.
in-Gabane, n. 3. A kind of chest complaint
among children.
ukuti-Gabangxa, v. i. To make a false step;
to slip or fall into a hole, or to be caught
between branches in falling from a tree ;
to sit or ride astride ; to be not quite full :
ibekile itegabaiigxa, the beaker is not quite
full.
uku-Qabangxisa, v. To fall half full.
ukuti-Gabanqa, %>. i. To descend suddenly;
to be steep, sloping, declivitous, as the
brink of a river ; to be depressed, hollow.
i-Qabavu, n. 2. A poor man; a dog that
steals maize from a standing crop.
uku-Gabaza, v. i. To travel in safety, as in
times of peace.
i-Gabecu, n. 2. A new thing that is always
being looked at or spoken about by its
owner.
ukuti-Gabu v. i. To extend or reach to a
certain point: ite-gabu pakal't, it reached to
the midst of an object, or to the waist of a
person, cf. ukuli-Ga.
i-Gabugabu, see under uka-Gaba.
ukuti-GABU, x;. /. To part in two, as when
clouds open suddenly, so that the sun is
seen through the opening; to clear away
as mist, not entirely, but so that a vista of
light appears; said also of a vista in the
forest, cf. nkii-Gabuka.
GA
uku-Qabula, v. t. To clear a way or
land, make an opening, as through a
forest or host of opposers ; to cut through
the lines of an army ; to open the eyes :
uyagabula izigcau, lit. he clears away the"
spider webs, i.e. he gets understanding;
g.ibuhi wcna, mark you, bear in mind, see
to it.
um-Gabu!l, n. I. One who clears a way.
uku-Gabuka, v. To clear away as clouds
or mist, so as to cause an opening :
inkiifigu igabukile, the mist has cleared
away; to give way, as when people re-
move from a place which is too populous,
and go to build a new one ; fig. to be open, .
light : amchlo agabiikilc, the eyes got light ;
inllungii igabukile, the pain is gone. Phr.
inlloko igabukile izigcau, lit. the spider
webs have been removed from the head,
i.e. the head has become clear, I have
had some QAwcdL.\.\on;=^ ukuti-Gabu.
— Qabulela, v. To clear away, etc., for
another or for a certain purpose : yigabu-
h'le inqw^lo, clear a path for the wagon ;
zigahulele, make room for yourself; wazi^
gahulcla indlela ehlathti, he cut a path for
himself through the forest; uyazigabu/ela
kulomsebenzi, he makes himself thoroughly
acquainted with this work ; ukunigabulcln
izigcau, to take away cobwebs in his way,
to prepare the way for.
uku-Qabuza, v. i. To tell old tales or fables.
uku-Gada, v. i. To run about in madness; to
have rabies.
in-Qada, ?i. 3. The wild cat, Felis ocreata
cafra Desm., = im-Bodla and i-Cataza.
um-Gada, n. 6. Rabies, madness; unomgada,
he is mad.
i-Gada, h. 2. A lump or cold of earth ; a sod,
turf ; fig. iliztve selimagad'ahlabayo, lit. the
country is full of piercing clods, i.e. already
unsettled, upside do^n, = ulixolile; fig. the
earth : hayi eligada ! oh what a world (e.g.
because of war) ! Phr. usukile cgadeni, he has
grown up fast, he is tall.
i-Qadalala, \ ^j^^^ ^^^^^ j^ ^^^.^
i-Gadava, J
dried up (skin); fig. a strong corpulent
person.
u-Gadasi, n. 5. Hardness of ground.
isi-Qadi, n. 4. A cluster of stalks, growing
out of one root, but producing no fruit ; an
ill-formed, unattractive child; a deformed,
useless animal ; fig. a person who is not
loved.
GA
in-QadIa, n. 3. A lancet.
u-Gadia, n. 5. The first thick milk poured
out of a new milk-sack.
ukuti-GADLA, and uku-Gadlela, v. t. To
throw down anything which makes a noise
in falling, cf. ukii-Kahlcla; to open or close
a door with a bang.
u-Gadlagadla, //. 5. A succession of reports
from things thrown down.
uku-Qadleka, v. Of a bullock, to fall
down prostrate.
in-Gadluma, n. 3. That which is thick and
uneven in body.
u-Gadugadu, ;/. 5. That which is hard and
dry (bread); dried fruit or pumpkin; fig. a
barren woman.
uku-Gafela, v. i. Em. To compete for a wife.
ukuti-GAGA, v. To come upon by surprise;
to take by surprise; to attack: bate-gaga
kuyc, they surprised him.
S!Q:g^nTl"T-«-ko— Cher:
bagagcne ngczifuba, they ran against each
other; inkuuzi zaiaiia-gaga, the bulls at-
tacked eack other unexpectedly.
— Gagelela, v. To get at one for another.
— Gagisana, v. To vie, rival, contend, out-
bid.
in-Qagiso, «. 3. Rivalry, competition.
i-Oaga, n. 2. A stony place: wahlwayela
egdgcni, he sowed in a barren place.
u-Gaga, n. 5. The Cape Robin Chat, Cossypha
caffra (L); the cry of uglga is said to
portend bad luck when an army is on the
warpath ; hence the proverb, kwalila ng'iga
lomini, lit. ugilga cried that day, that day
brought bad luck.
u-Gaga-s:si, //. 5. The Noisy Robin Chat,
Cossypha bicolor (Sparrm.)
u-Qaga. «. 5. (a) A dried skin; a parchment;
fig. a certificate, (b) The sternum: wandi-
beta elugjgeni, he beat me on the chest ; fig.
a man of high position; an influential
courtier of long standing, whose children
are called abaiitwana bogaga, children of
noble descent.
u-Gagade, /;. 5. Pumpkin cut up into small
strips and dried in the sun.
i-Gagadele, n. 2. One whose belly is blown
up; a swollen corpse; fig.^a proud, haughty,
insolent person.
u-GagadelCv n 5. A swift runner.
uku-Gagadlela, = tiku-Gadlela.
u-Gagadu, n. 5. Hardness of the ground from
dryness of the weather.
P
GA
u-Gagambu, n. 5. Hitting the water with
the feet in swimming, cf. u-Gambii.
uku-Gagamela, v. i. To aim at an object
beyond one's reach ; to over-do, over-reach
oneself; to arrogate, usurp, blow oneself
up as a turkey does: uyigagamele lengubo,
he prides himself in this dress, though it
does not become one of his standing or
means; cf. itkii-Kakamela and uku-Nganga-
mda.
isi-Qagamela, n. 4, A person of high rank,
a chief.
ubu-Gagamela, = ubu-Ngangamela.
i-Gagu, «. 2. A bold, daring, foolhardy,
very self-conceited, frivolous man, without
shame; (used always in a bad sense.)
ubu-Gagu, «. 7. Boldness, daring, foolhardi-
ness.
in-GaJala, ??. 3. ~\
in-Gajela, n. 3. > A tall, corpulent person.
isi-Gajilili, ;/. 4.)
uku-QajuIa, v. i. To walk in long, wet grass.
um-Gajulo, //. 6. A frock-coat or gown,
cassock, surplice.
i-Gala, n. 2. The Bushy-tailed meerkat,
Cynictis penicillata (Cuvier).
i,-S.&ta.a»%. I Cape Box„ood,or Bui.-
mij-niet, Buxus macowani Oliv. In the
East Pondoland forests, the name is applied
to Notobuxus natalensis Oliv.
Phr. uzicandelc umgalagala, you have
split boxwood for yourself, i.e. you will
have to bear the consequences; ndizitatele
umgalagala, I have brought trouble upon
myself and must bear the consequences.
i-Gafakangqa, ;/. 2. Hiccough.
ukuti-Qalakaxa, v. i. To come down suddenly
upon a person or thing, as hunters upon a
buck, or an army upon another army; to
fall suddenly into a hole or thorn bush;=:
ukuti-Gaga.
i-Galakaxa, n. 2. Em. A tall, thin person or
thing.
u-Galakaxa, n. 5. An ox with long horns
and a tall thin body.
i-Galanga. n. 2. A big fire.
i-Galawe, u. 2. A white bead.
uku-Galeia, v. t. (a) To pour forth, out, or in:
galela amanzi emittni, water the trees;
langubo ugak'lwe i-oli, flour mingled with oil.
(b) To strike a blow : wamgalcla ngcndu-
kii, he beat him with a stick; galela intaka,
fling stones or a stick at the birds; to join
in an attack: impi yagalela kut'i, the army
joined us ; uyise wagalela kubo abafana bake,
13
QA
the father joined his young men in the
fight, i.e. did not reprimand them; ukngale
la iiikoino, to pour in cattle in competing
for a wife ; see ukii-Xunia.
- Qaleka, v. To have an empty stomach,
to be hungry.
— Oalelana, v. To join battle; to fight'
with each other: haguhicma iiayc ngcndu-\
ku, they fought him with knob-sticks. j
— Uaieleka, v. To be poured out, to flow
down : inakugalcleke iimgwebo ujengamaiizi.
let judgment roll down as waters; to
attack, invade : impi yagaldeka kusasa,
the enemy attacked this morning; to
arrive, generally of a party of people :
sagaleleka emzini wake, we arrived at his
village; to disembark.
— Galelekela, v. To rush into a certain
place: itupi yagaldckcla cswciii Ictu, the
enemy rushed into our country.
— Galelekisa, v. To cause to be poured
out: u-Yeliova w galelekisa umoya oinkuln
ehvaiidle, the Lord cast forth a great
wind over the sea.
— Qalelelana, v. To take one another's
wages alternately.
i-Galimoya, «. 2. A kind of sickness,
supposed to be caused by wind distending
the stomach ; at present used for dropsy.
in-Qalo, «. 3. The human arm; fig. help:
babe yingalo yake, they helped him.
isi-Qalo, «. 4. A brawny arm.
i-Qama, «. 2. (a) A name: igawa lako linguba-
ni-naf what is your name .-' andimazi
gama, I do not know him even by name ;
indoda yegam 1, a well-known man.
(b) Kind: ?iokokiiha isifo sam sasigama liiii-
na, of whatever kind my sickness was.
(c) A letter of the alphabet. Dimin. iga-
nyana.
u-Gama, «. l. Period of time: logama wonke
iiscnabo, during all the time, or while, he is
still with them; distance, space.
isi-Gaina, n. 4. Distance or space between.
Adv. about.
um-Gama, //. 6. Distance, space; a mile:
bcsihaviba umgama omkiila or umgamakazi,
we went a long distance; a period of time:
ngayo imigama yokuma kwcliswe, as long as
the world stands; as adj. far: ndhngaiiiakuye,
I am far from him ; kumgama or zimgama
elwaiidle, far from the sea. Adv. bugama or
emgameni or mgaina. From far: walandela
bugama, he followed him from far; dimin.
umganyana, a short distance.
GA
ubu-Gama, //. 7. Space or extent of time.
u-Gambu, n. 5. The sound produced by
hitting a man's body with the fist; the
sound produced by beating a drum.
in-Gambungambu, n. 3. Boxing.
u-Gambiishe, 11. I. Em.-mnbona orwexu.
Gamgam, Adj. Blown up, swollen, rotten:
ubnso bake bugamgatn, his face is puffed out
(through drink).
ubu-Gamgam, m. 7. State of being swollen,
rotten.
uku-Gamlela, v. t. To cut in the middle; to
cut a long story short; to commence in the
middle instead of at the beginning.
isi-Qampe, Em. isa-Gampe, //. 4. An orna-
ment for the knee or arm.
uku-GANA, V. t. Em. To choose, elect, be-
speak, betroth, = Kafir uku-Qasha. When a
young man had chosen a girl for his wife,
and her parents had given consent, it was
said of the girl, intoinb'i yaganwa yindoda,
the girl has been chosen by this man, i.e.
she is betrothed to him. Such betrothal
might take place even in a girl's infancy,
if a suitor said to her parents, ' This is my
wife.' The girl remained thereafter with
her parents till the time of marriage, and,
should another suitor appear, her parents
would say lentombi iseV iganiwe, this girl is
already betrothed.
um-Gano, ;/. 6. The second head of cattle
which the parents or guardian of a girl
sends with the bride to the bridegroom.
uku-Ganana, v. To enter into marriage
with each other.
— Ganeka, v. t. To prove, illustrate, make
clear, demonstrate ; to cite facts in support
of one's contention.
isi-Ganeko, n. 4. A fully established proof;
a remarkable, or well known event.
uku-Ganekeka, v. To be fully proved,
perfectly certain, established.
— Ganela, v. To betroth to: intomb'i iga-
rielwe u-Nantsi, the girl has been betrothed
to So-and-so. This implies that the man's
parents or relatives made the choice.
— Ganisa, v. To bring the bride to her
new home.
isi-Ganiso, //. 4. A present to the bride's
relations.
uku-Ganda, \ ^ ^ ^n {„ ^ hole and
— Gandelela, J
stamp in the ground; to walk with heavy
tread.
uku-Garidula, v. t. To dig hard ground.
114
GA
uku-QANQA, t;. /. (first 'a' long). To catch
a thing (ball, etc.) ; fig. to attempt, venture.
u-Gango, ti. 5. The act of catching.
uku-Qangana, v. Of two people, to meet
suddenly, as at a corner, and knock
against each other.
— Qangela, v. To catch at.
— Qangisa, v. To cause or make to catch
isi-Ganga, ». 4. A heap or mound of earth,
a grave, a hillock, rampart, line; fig.
iziganga zempi, opposing armies ready for
battle.
uku-QANGA, v. i. (first 'a' short) To exalt
oneself; to be bold, impudent; to play
practical jokes : mnyalc lomntivana uyaganga,
warn this child, it is impudent, bold, exceed-
ing all limits; indoJa ig'ingile, the man is
boasting, bold, etc.
in-Ganga, n. 3. In a good sense = in-Kidu ;
in a bad sense : nzcnz' iugdnga, he makes
himself greater than he is ; cf. i-Ngaiiga.
isi-GSnga, n. 4. A man of high position.
ubu-Ganga, «. 7. Daring, venturesomeness,
boldness, self-assurance: unobtiganga ho-
kumbuza, he dares to ask him ; = «&«-
Nganga.
u-Qanga, ;/. 5. The chest of a person or
animal, — isi-Fuba.
i-Gangala, w. 2. A dry clod of earth; an
unburnt brick; a small lump or piece of
meat.
uku-Gangalaza, v. i. To walk without fear or
shame, = uku-Nyalasa,
i-Gangasane, ti. 2. A young, clever, skilful
man.
uku-QANGAT'A, v. t. To tread, or stamp
down into a solid mass; hence to lay a
mud-floor by pounding earth, taken usually
from termite-heaps which contain a gluti-
nous matter.
isi-Gangat6, n. 4. A stone used for making
a floor even and smooth.
u Gangatd, «. 5. The act of laying the
floor.
um-Gangat6, /;. 6. The mud-floor of a hut.
Now used of any kind of floor, also of
the deck of a vessel.
uku-Gangateka, v. To be in a barren, dry
state: intsimi cgaugatekileyo, a dry, barren
garden. ^
ukuti-Gangqa,) • ^^ jj^ ^ in; to be
uku-Gangqa, 3
depressed, as a hollow part : ufokoto lutc-
ganqga, the fontanel on the head lies deep ;
itshatshazi lite-gangqa eluswiiii, the white
spot lies deep in the skin.
1
GA
ukuti-Gangqagangqa, v. i. To swallow
greedily.
uku-Gangqela, v. To enter a house in
excitement or rage at the inmates.
ukuti-Gangxa, ) , r^ , ^, , • ^
uku-Oangxa, ] ^- '• ^^ P"^ ^he neck mto
something; to put something round the
neck : iqiya ite-gangxa entanyeni, a handker^
chief is put round the neck ; to throw into a
hole.
i-Gangxa, n. 2. One who does a thing
imperfectly, e.g. one who commences to
ride.
um-Gangxo, n. 6. That which encircles,
surrounds, as a necktie; hence a bando-
lier,
isi-Ganiso and um-Gano, see uku-Gann.
um-Ganto, ?;. 6. The Sentinel Rock-thrush,
Monticola explorator (Vicill.j; perhaps also
applied to the Cape Rock-thrush, M.
rupestris (VieilL).
i-GANTOLO, w. 3. A law court; Du. kantoor.
Gantshi, interj. This word appears as a
kind of chorus or refrain in the songs of
Kafir intsomi; its meaning is lost; it may
simply correspond to such catches in
English songs as tra-la la.
uku-QantsuIa, v. i. To walk boldly, without
fear.
isi-GantsuIa, ;/. 4. A person who walks
boldly, insolently, impudently.
ubu-Gantsula, n. 7. Boldness, insolence,
impudence.
i-Gantuntu, ;/. 2. One who refuses to live
with other people, building his hut away
from others ; one who has a kraal but no
people.
um-Ganxanxa, n. 6. A hollow, cavity, pit.
isi-Ganyonyo, n. 4. A strong, burly, brusque
person.
uku-Gapa*zela, v. i. Em. To shake up and
down, — uku-Gciycza.
i-Gaqa, n. 2. A lump of sugar or salt or any
other substance that can be easily broken
up; a round thing as an orange or a lemon;
a short, round ' lump ' of a person. Dimin.
igaqana : ndipc amagaqaiia c-lamuni, give me
the lemons.
isi-Gaqa, w. 4. A lump of bread, clay, etc.
uku-GAQA, V. i. To creep on hands and
knees.
um-Gaqo, n. 6. The 'run' of mice and
moles; the track of game, hippopotami,
etc. ; fig. the line along which movement
should take place: yiyipiiia imigaqo ycntla-
5
QA
nganiso, which are the regulations of the
meeting; measure, class, standard in
schools ; also = uin-Cimbi.
uku-Qaqeia, v. To creep for or on account
of: izilwanyaiia ziiidigaqdc, little insects
have crept upon me; fig. to bribe with
money.
u-Qafa, n. 5. Tribal. A s\i\n, = u-Gaga; also
a very lean animal with the bones or ribs
sticking out.
uku-QASA, V. i. To be conceited; to have a
high opinion of one's own accomplishments
or personal attractions; to be foolhardy,
bold, careless of danger; to be presump-
tuous, impudent.
ubu-Gasa, n. 7. Self-conceit, presumption.
uku-Gaselana, v. To despise one another;
to bring on strife.
— Qasisa, v. To make conceited: uyaziga-
sisa, he fancies himself to have
power or wisdom.
uku-Qatya, v. t. To keep any thing at bay;
to prevent, stop, drive away, clear off.
um-Qatyi-sifo, Jt. I. A member of the
sanitary board ; a sanitary officer.
ukuti-Qatya, v. t. To throw any thing loosely
over the head or round the neck, as a
string of beads round the neck of a person,
or a rope round the neck of a horse, or a
thong round the horns of an ox.
i-Qatya, n. 2. A young, tender shoot or
branch of a tree.
u-Qatyo, n. S- = tihu-Ti-babafiJzi.
uku Ciaula, v. t. To cut down; to chop or
hew timber : bagaula itniti, they chopped
down trees. Phr. kugaulwa owaziwayo, lit.
the well-known is cut down, i.e. death takes
away even well-known or renowned people.
um-Gauli, «. l. A hewer of wood.
uku-QauIeka, v. To be fit to chop or to be
chopped: izetnbe aligaulcki, the hatchet is
not fit for chopping.
uku-Gawusha, v. i. To pride oneself; to go
about speaking badly of others; to lord it
over ; also = uku-Nyalasa.
um-Gawushi, n. I. A man who counsels or
rules other people, lords it over them.
ukuti-GAXA, v. i. To meet unexpectedly or
by chance, or to fall upon a person or thing
so as to impede progress; to run or fall
against an object (as a pole): batc-gaxa
emlini, they came suddenly against a tree ;
ndile-gaxa ndafika entabeni, I arrived by
chance at the mountain.
uku-Qaxela, v. To interrupt : tuidigaxela-ni?
why do you interrupt me.
GA
Gaxeleka, v. To have suddenly come, or
fallen, among: ivagaxeleka ezihatigeni, he
fell among robbers.
i-Gaxagaxa, 71. 2. A person finely adorned ;
a hasty person.
uku-Gaxaza, v. i. To do hastily.
— Qaxazelela, v. To hasten for or on
account of one.
— Gaxela, v. To put on at one time many
fancy articles of dress, as brooches, ties,
chains.
u-Gaxela, n. i. A bullock with long horns
turned upwards having the point or tip
of the horns bent downwards.
uku-Gaya, v. t. To crush quartz at the gold
fields, used of the machinery. Phr. liyaga-
ya liyacola clilitye, this stone grinds both
coarse and fine. Hence, to form a company
of men to go to work at the mines; Em.
uku-Raya.
um-Gayi, n. I. A man who conducts native
labourers to the mines; a labour-agent.
um-Gayo, n. 6. A gang of men going to
work.
i-Gazi, n. 2. Blood (in a liquid state) : walenza
or ivapalazn igazi, he shed blood; fig. ndili-
gazi lake, I am a relation of his. Blood
from a .wound or the cloth that has bound
a bleeding wound must not be burned, but
buried under earth.
u-Oazi-mrolo, n. I. One whose blood has
been shed and is fast oozing out: igazi
lako limrolo yinina ? why does thy blood
stream ?
u-Gazi mtyatyatya, u-Gazi mtyeke, u-
Gazi tyeketye, and u-Gazirtyetye, n. i.
Redness: umbona ugazi-iyc-tye, red maize
(from its bloody colour).
um-Gazi, ?/. 6. A rt d bead of a blood colour.
uku-Gazula, v. t. To make one furrow only
for mai'r.ing out a strip of land to be
ploughed.
— Gazuka, r. To have sexual desire, (said
of a circumcised youth, when his wound
bleeds).
N.B. For words beginning
in-Gc not found here, see
under C: ing-C or u-C
ukuti-Gca, v. i. To go straight forward with-
out diverging : amehlo akb makakangcle att-
gca, let thine eyes look straight before
thee.
um-Qca, n. 6. Line, strip, stripe, row, rank:
amaxesha asemgceni, the exact time ; uku-
gqil'cmgccni, to be above or go beyond
16
GC
measure ; a comet ; fig. the year of the
comet, 1841.
uku-Qcaba, v. t. (a) To pour tepid water on
a hide, when it is scraped with aloe-leaves
to raise the nap. (b) To pour an infusion of
i-Qitia on the same hide, when it is to be
worked soft, (c) To powder the same with
a powder made by burning and pounding
i-Bika; fig. to make smooth, soft or
slippeiy, by sprinkling water.
i-Cicabe, w. 2. A hide garment finished
and powdered as above; a brand new
garment of good quality: xifak'igcabe, he
put on a new suit of clothes.
uku-GCABA, V. i. To burst, crack, get
rough, applied to the skin of the human
body when it has been left unoiled or to
the rind of a pumpkin or fruit, espec. when
it is quite ripe : ipuzi ligcabile, the pumpkin
rind is burst.
i-Gcabe, n. 2. A chapped skin.
in-Qcabangcosi, n. 3. A long, thin-legged
thing.
u-Gcabevii, n. 5. Passionate temper in a
person or in an animal : usoloko clugcahcvu,
he is always angry.
in-Gcaca, n. 3. Cowrie shells used as an
ornamental band on the foreheads of men,
or on the headstalls of horses.
uku-Gcada, v. t. Em. To fry meat, to roast
coffee or maize ; = Kafir uku-Roqa.
u-Gcadalala, w. 5. That which is fine, tall, as
a pot with long legs or a tall man.
isi-Gcadolo, ?/. 4. A conceited fop, who
goes about continually in fine clothes ,
ungandishiyi, sigcadolo savt, xa uy'cgoli,
ndibc vgumtwalo naseinagxeni, iidibe Ucuba
nasenqaweni, don't leave me behind, my
dandy, when you go to the goldfields, carry
me on your shoulders, put me in your pipe
(Kafir song).
uku-Gcagca, v.i. To elope: iigcagce nendoda,
she has eloped with a man.
— Qcagcisa, v. To cause to elope.
isi-Gcajolo, n. 4. = isi-Gcadolo.
uku-Gcakaca, v. i. To become degenerate,
= uhu-Ngcakaca.
uku-Gcakamela, v. i. To sit and warm one-
self in the sun; to bask: ndigakamele ila-
nga, I am basking in the s,un.
— Gcakamelana, v. To face ; to fix one's
eyes upon : wrgcakamclaiia ?tesilingo, he
faced temptations.
i-Gcakasi, ». 2. = i-Dyagasi.
, in-Gcakaza, «. 3. A method of drawing lots;
see i-Ceva.
OC
uku-GCALA, V. i. To be wild, passionate,
vicious, irascible.
in-Gcala, n. 3. A winged termite; fig. one
dexterous in aiming.
Gcalagcala, Adj. Fierce, vicious, passio-
nate.
Gcala_
ubu-Gcalagcala, n. 7.)
sionatenesp, viciousness.
in-Gcalangcalakazi, n. 3. A very passion-
ate person.
uku-Gcalisela, ctc.,-=^ ukii-GcayiscIa, etc.
in-Gcambane, n. 3. A veil of rushes or palm-
leaves worn by an umkwcta while dancing.
in-Gcambu, «. 3. A vooi, = i-Ngcavdm.
u-GcsLmewi^-u-GaduTu.
uku-Gcanabeka, v. t. To lay out in the sun,
as a garment to dry.
uku-Gcangca, r. i. Of the sun, to hover
before setting.
um-Gcantsi, w. 6. The placenta of animals,
distinguished from nm-Kaya, the human
afterbirth.
in-Gcape, u. 3. The mouth-piece of a pipe
for smoking; fig. the urethra. Em. a little
snuff spoon.
in-Gcatawule, ti. 3. One who dresses finely;
a gentleman, lady.
in-Gcau, n. 3. A lewd, unchaste person.
isi-Gcau, n. 4. (a) A large spider; a spider's
web, see uku-Gabtika. (b) A pink bead ; fig.
a man of high rank.
in-Gcawa, w. 3. A plain woollen blanket.
uku-Gcayisela, v. t. To entrap in a certain
locality, by secretly putting down glass,
thorns, live coals, etc., in the road for the
purpose of injuring or destroying a person;
fig to inveigle; to take by wile, stratagem,
deceit.
in-Gcaylselo, //. 3. The process of laying
down (objectively).
isi-Gcayiselo, n. 4. The articles laid down
for injuring.
u-Gcayiselo, n. 5. The laying down of
snares.
um-Gcayiselo, ;/. 6. The thing laid down
in the mind (subjectively).
in-Gceba, n. 3. A piece of pumpkin, cut into
big, thick slices for cooking purposes.
u-Ocedevu, ;/. 5. A piece of an old pot of
flat shape, a potsherd; or a piece of tin
used for roasting maize or coffee; used by
the Bible translators for a censer.
i-Gcegceya, n. 2. Cassinopsis capensis
Sond., = i-Ccgccya.
in-Gcelwane, ti. 3. Aloe saponaria Haw.
17
GC
in-Qcenene, /;. 3. Sitting in ease and pleasure.
in-Gceng:ce, //, 3. A girdle or waistband, = h-
Ngcoigc.
i-Qcigala, n. 2. Storv oi o\d;-=i-Bali.
in-Gcill, n. 3. An intestinal worm.
uku-QCINA, V. t. To keep, hold, preserve,
take care of: n Tixo wandittima ukugcina
nbomi, God sent me to preserve life
ligcine ilizn'i lam, keep my word in your
heart; to save from injury or destruction ;
to defend from evil : ndigcineenkoMakalwetii,
keep me from evil; uzigcinile, he keeps him-
self, takes care of himself; ndigctna kuye,
I esteem him highly.
um-GcJni, //. I. A preserver, caretaker.
um-Gcini sililalo, «. I. A chairman.
isi-Gcina,«.4. Service, charge, office, place,
station, situation ; cf. isi-Gxina.
isi-Gclna ntloko, ;/. 4. A helmet.
isi-Gcina sifuba, 11. 4. A breastplate.
u-Gcino, 77. 5. Preservation
uku-Gcinakala, v. To be in a state of pre
servation ; to be kept from injury or evil
sigcimki'le ezonto zotnbtni, both are pre-
served.
— Gcinakalisa, v. To cause preservation,
— G c i n e ka , v. = ukii- Gciiuikala.
— Gcinela, v. To keep or preserve for:
i/ttubi zigchiela ubusika, the termites are
laying up (a store of grass) for winter.
— Gcinisa, v. To cause or help to preserve ;
to exert oneself much to keep; to keep a
firm hold of, etc.
u-Gciniso, 77. 5. Safe keeping.
uku-GcipuIa, v. t. To cut slightly with a
sharp instrument.
uku-Gcisa v. t. To perform a work rightly,
properly, skilfully.
i-Gcisa, n. 2. A skilful man, excellent shot;
engineer; expert in music. ,
ubu-Gcisa, n. 7. Skilfulness, expertness,
ingeniousnesS.
uku-GCOBA, V. i. To be merry, joyful: maku-
dlhvc kiigcfltywe, let them eat and be merry.
in-Gcoba, ti. 3. Used in poetry for imi-Gcoho.
Joy.
imi-Gcobo, 77. 6. pi. Merriment, frolic, joy:
zvenza vgcmigcobo, he did it with joy, or
voluntarily.
uku-Gcobela, v. To be glad over a thing.
-Gcobisa, v. pass, gcotyiswn. To cause
gladness, etc.
in-Gcobo. 77. 3. Reedgrass; loc. eiigcobcni and
engcotycni. Phr. kuko u-Hili cngcotyoii, there's
a Hili among the grass, i.e. out with the
secret.
118
GC
isi-Qcobo, 77. 4. A roughly made door mat;
a roughly made basket in which the crane-
plumes are kept; :iho = in- Gcattibchie.
uku-Gcogela, = itku-Cdkela,
i-Gcogwe, n. 2. A tuberous root.
imi-Gcoloco, n. 6. pi. Sign, show: iniigcoloco
yemivuyo, expression of joy; frolicsomeness;
going on the toes.
in Gcongolo, n. 3. A cane, reed.
i-Gcube, 77. 3. The first-fruit festival among
the ama-Baca.
in-GcubuIuIu, 72. 3. That which is lean or
emaciated from sickness.
i Gcudu, 77. 2. Mostly used in the dimin. A
small heap, small meeting; ama-Gciidwana,
a few grains of roasted maize. Em. Private
conversation or discussion.
uku-GCULA, 7). t. To scorn. 77. 8. Scorning,
uku-Gculela, v. To mock, jeer, make sport
of a person; to laugh, rejoice over or
exult in another's misfortune.
um-Gculeli, n. I. A mocker.
isi-Gculelo, n. 4. Mocking, jeering; one
who is laughed at; a scapegoat.
in-Gcula, 77. 3. Lean meat, generally that of
a calf.
uku-Gcuma, v. i. To moan, as in sickness.
i-Gcume, 77. 2. A grove, thicket.
isi-Gcume, n. 4. A bunch of beads; a small
bunch of anything.
uku-Gcuntsa, v. i. To throw the isigcuntsa
at the tuberous root of isi-Kohkoto. By this
method two boys determine which of them
is to turn the cattle. The one who misses is
'eaten,' i.e. defeated, by the one who strikes
and has in consequence to turn the cattle.
isi-Gcuntsa, fi. 4. A pin, thorn, piece ot
wire or small pointed stick, used in the
play uku Gcimtsa.
i-Gcuntsu, 77. 2. A small heap, a small
number or quantity.
i-Gcushuwa, n. 2. Lues venerea.
uku-Gcwala, v. i. Em. To be full up to the
brim.
uGcwamevn, n. 5. Anger, wrath.
in Gc wane, 77. 3. A kind of edible grass.
uku-Gcwayela, v. t. To sprinkle meal or
salt on food ; to scatter seed.
um-Gcwayelo, 77. 6. The mixing of flour
with food.
! Gcweka, n. 2. A nickname used by
Hottentots for a white man.
si-Gcwelegcwele, n. 4. An enraged person
or animal: lomutu iisisigewelegcwele, this
person is infuriated, enraged ; = ii-Gcalagcala.
in-Gcwinye, 77. 3. Lues v
QC
ukuti Qcwizi, v. t. To miss narrowly; to
graze.
i Qcwizigcwizi, w. 2. Being almost hit; a
narrow escape ; fig. shortcoming, failure.
um Qeba, n. 6. The Bastard Olive, Chili
anthus oleaceus Burch.
uku Qebenga, v. t. pass, gctycngwa. To fall
upon suddenly and kill; to commit highway
robbery.
isi Qebenga, «. 4. A murderer, who
according to Kafirsuperstitionlives in the
forest, has a distorted face and boar tusks,
and who kills people with a hatchet;
a bandit, highwayman; a giant.
ubii-Gebenga, ;/. 7. Bloody violence.'
uku-Gebila, ] ^'- '■ ^° ^^^^^' ^"^ ^ ^^^^ wound ;
to cut off a great piece. Rel. form, wanditehi-
gcbu inyama, he cut for me a great piece of
meat.
isi-Ciebu, n. 4. A large cut; a great piece
or portion, large section.
uku-Qeca, v. t. To make a clearance, as of
grass or bush, by a sharp instrument ; to
open a way by removing stones, etc.
um-Qeci, n. I. A pioneer.
uku-Qecela, v. To open up a way for.
Gece, Adv. Completely: inkukuemnyama gece,
a jet-black fowl.
uku-Geda, v. t. Em. To clean oni: geda isisti,
clean your stomach (by medicine) ; geda
iselwa, clean the calabash with water;
ukugeda imali, to empty the purse of money.
ukuti-Gede, v. t. To make a thing clear so
that no doubt is left ; to do it finally and
perfectly ; v. i. : izuln lite-gede nainhla, the sky
is clear today.
isi-Gede. n. 3- That which is left incomplete
after death : washiya umsebenziwake usigede,
on dying he left his work incomplete, un-
finished; bazig^de, people have fallen in
heaps in battle, lie dead in heaps; also said
of maize-stalks when fallen down in heaps;
also = isi-Shunqu.
ukuti-Gedle, v. t. To put aside; to send away
for the present.
in-Gedle, n. 3. (a) The Cape Flycatcher, Batis
Capensis (L.). [b) Ingedle yekofu, a person
very fond of coffee ; ingedle yecuba, a hard
smoker.
i-Gedlegedle, n. 2. A lazy, indolent, slothful
fellow.
i-Geduka, n. 2. A hillside.
uku-Geja and -Gejeza, v. i. To leave home
often, roaming about, not caring for one's
.cattle, neglecting the time of ploughing, etc.
GE
u-Qejane. N. l. One who has no fixed abode.
uku-Gejisa, v. To cause to roam about,
in Geji, //. 3. An engagement ring; Eng.
engage.
isi-Gele, «. 4. An old green potato, lying on
the top of others ; fig. an old maid.
uku Geleba, *'. /. obs. = nku-Gcja.
i-Geledwane, n. 2. A strong, courageous
man.
ukuti-Gelekeqe, v. i. To come out on the
opposite brink of the river.
in-GELOSI, n. 3. An angel (from the Greek,
through the Dii.)
uku-GELESHA, V. t. To prepare the ground
for sowing by ploughing and letting it rest
for a while (fr. the Da.)
uku-Geletya, = uku-Gcja.
i-Gemfana, u. 2. A gig.
in-Gende, n. 3. A dark coloured dove
living in the forest.
u-Gende, n. 5. The queen of the termites.
Sij^S^fM"-'- To open a door; to
push or burst it wide open.
i-Genge, //. 2. A woman defective about the
genital parts, one having no sexual desire.
ubu-Genge, ti. 7. Defect in a woman's
genitals.
uku-Gengqa, v. t. To dig.
uku-Genqa, v. i. To fit loosely.
uku-Geqf' ] ^'- '' ^o tarn or throw out
with a jerk (household-stuff, money or
stones) ; of a fastidious customer, to keep
on discarding goods brought by th3 sales-
man for consideration ; to finish.
uku-Qeqela, r. To throw to or for.
ukuti-Getye, v. i. Of a person or tree, to be
bent.
in-Getyengetye, n. 3. A tali, overgrown
person of soft, delicate appearance; a tall
thing, as a poplar-tree. Dimin. ingetye-
ngetyana.
uku-Getyeza, v. To shake up and down
as a long plank carried on a man's
shoulder, or as a woman's neck under
the weight of a heavy load of wood ; to
heave in an unwieldy manner, as an
overgrown man does in running.
— Getyezala, v. Of any long thing, to
wave to and fro, e.g. of reeds in the full
river or undar the influence of the wind.
ukuti-GEVE, V. i. Of the knees, to give way.
Gevegeve, Adj. Feeble, tottering: amadolo
agevegeve, feeble knees.
i-Gevane, n. 3. Weakness of the knees:
amadolo anegevane, the knees are striking
each other.
19
QE
uku-Qevezela, v. i. To shake in the limbs,
knees; to be weiik in the limbs.
i-Oewugewu, ii. 2. The Pied starling, Spreo
bicolor (Gin.), -i-Giyogiyo.
uku-Qexa, and uku-Qexagexa, v. i. To
stagger, totter like a drunken person.
i-Uexegexe, n. 2. That which is broken,
rickety ; fig. infirm, in the decline of life.
uku-GEZA, V. i. To be of a crazy and
deranged mind ; to be mad, to act wildly,
madly.
i-(ieza, «. 2. A madman; one raving,
fnrious, with distracted reason, or in-
flamed with passion and acting contrary
to reason; fig. a hare; a witchdoctor;!
fem. igezazAna.
^'^^I'-^'J'' ^' . \ Mental derangement,
iibu-(jeza. n. ?■ S & >
madness, extreme folly; headstrong
passion an J rashness; acting against
reason ; fury, rage.
uku-Gezela, i^. To be mad with rage against.
uku-Gezisa, v. To make mad : inifundo
cninzi iyakugczisa, much learning is
making thee mad.
um-Qezisi, n. I. One who makes others
mad : umgczisi wabavuinisayo, he that
maketh diviners mad.
isi-Qezenga, /;. 4. Pudrling made of boiled
and crushed gresn maize.
uku-Oiba, v. I. p:iss. gilywa. To repulse, turn
off, foil ; to contend a point in argument ;
to differ in opinion; to refuse entirely:
iiy.nvjgiba amazwi olnihlobo, you despise
friendly words.
u-Glbo, '/. 5. Provocation, contumely.
um-Gibe, /;. 6. A springe. A stick fastened
with one end in the ground, and having a
string tied to the other, the end of which
is a loop fastened to the trap, keeping the
stick strongly bent. At the moment an
animal enters the opening of the trap, in
which the loop stands, the stick rebounds,
holding the animal captive.
u-Gibido, n. I. A very tall person.
uku-Gibisela, v. t. pass, gilyisdwa. To throw
at, as with a stick, stone', etc.
uku-Oida,w. To lake pro /isions (maize, cows
for milkhig) to a marriage feast, which
lasts many days; to add to the common
stock of provisions; to make a present
from friendship.
um-Gidi,«. 6. A marriage party; the feast
at the coming-out of the ahakwHa. Em.
A drinking bout, night revelry.
01
um-Qido, ;/. 6. A gift of provisions for a
marriage feast; support, contribution; a
gift from friendship (anything eatable, as
game, etc.); a freewill gift; a present
given to a sweetheart.
isi^Gldi"';f"4 I ^ "^nnber which exceeds
comprehension; a myriad, a million: a-
baiilu abaligidi, a myriad of people; igidi
is also used as an Adv.: together, withal,
exactly.
uku-Gidima, v. To go with speed; to run
fast.
isi Gidimi, «. 4. A fast runner, messenger.
uku-Gidimela, v. To run to, for, or against.
i-Qidlva, n. 2. Anything plump, heavy,
like the wheels of the German block
wagon; unomagidiva, nickname for the
German blockwagon.
ukutl-GidIi, V. t. To giv^e abundantly, offer
much.
um-GIdo, see uku-Gida.
isi-G"gaba, n. 4. A great number of things,
such as carcases lying in heaps ; a sudden
occurrance, marvellous thing.
uku-(iigita, v. t. To play with one's fancy ;
to please oneself with one's thoughts.
— Gigiteka, v. t. To shake with laughter;
to laugh out immoderately in a silly
manner ; to titter, giggle.
uku-Gigiza, i\ i. To go through the move-
ments of walking.
u-Qijo, n. 5. A very thin, long stick carried
by circumcised boys when dancing, = ?</«-
Nqayi omde.
uku-Gila, V. t. To come against a person or
thing and knock it down, or push it away ;
to overthrow in collision; of a horse, etc.,
to tramp on one's feet
— Gilaiia, v. To jostle one another; to
fall over one another.
i-Giia, n. 2. The gizzard of a bird or fowl.
in-Gili, «. 3. The large kind of Kei-apple.
isi-Giligill, n. 4. An indefinite or great
number of dead things, as a battle field
full of bones of dead people.
ukuti-Gilili, v. i. To lie down suddenly in
order to avoid being seen by an enemy ; to
fall down dead.
uku-GINGCA, V. t. To encompass; to close
in, as the wings of an army.
u-Qingca, n. 5. That which encompasses,
as the wing of an army.
uku-Gingcisa, v. To catch in a trap or
snare ; fig. to involve, enclose.
— Gingciseka, v. To be caught, enclosed,,
involved.
QI
together ; meeting.
isi-Qingqi, ti. 4. A basin-shaped hole in the
ground or anywhere ; a deep rut washed
out in the road : isigingqi soinkono, the
hollow of the elbow.
ukuti-Q ingqi, = ukuti-Gingxi.
"^"*r?n"^rj' \ ^- To fall down hard or
uku-Oingxiza, 3
suddenly from a thing, as a wheel from a
stone ; to fall into a hole.
in-Giningini, see i-Nginiiigiiii.
uku-Gintyela, v.t. To catch with a riem;
= uku-R'intyela.
— Qintyeleka, v. To be caught with a
riem.
um-Ginwa, «. 6. Anything resisting a good
intention; a cow refusing to be milked;
fig., a raw uncivilized person.
ubu-Qinwa, n. 7. Heathenism,
uku- GINYA, V. t. To swallow. Phr. iikiigi-
iiy'ainate, to swallow saliva, i.e. to long for
something eatable that one sees and cannot
get. Fig. to vanquish by argument; to
embezzle.
um-Ginyi, n. i. One who swallows up.
i-Qinyiginyi, 11. 2. One who is voracious,
greedy.
uku-Ginyeka, v. To be swallowed, e.g. of
something that had stuck in the throat
but has at last got down to the stomach.
— Ginyela, v. To swallow for: waginycla
amate, he swallowed his saliva for, i.e. he
desired, coveted.
— Ginyeiana, v. To swallow for one ano-
ther.
— Ginyisa, v. To cause to swallow ; waba-
ginyisa amaie, lit. he made them swallow
spittle, i.e. he was desired, respected,
esteemed.
uku-Giqa, v i. To be satiated, full, satisfied.
i-Qiqwa, n. 2. One who is satiated; that
which is full: imvaba iligiqwa, the milk-
sack is very full.
uku-QiqIsa, v. To satisfy
uku-Gitagita, v. t. To tickle.
i Gitslia, //, 2. A very little bird that is good
at concealing itself; fig. one who is clever
at hiding.
uku-Gitshima, To go witVi speed ; = m^h-
Gidima.
isi-Gitshimi, A foot runnQv ; = isi-Gidi>ni.
i-Giwugiwu, = i-Giyogiyo.
uku-GiXA, V. t. To cut meat into large
pieces; to give or take great slices of a
GI
thing; to castrate a young bull; fig. ainazwi
enu andigixile, your words have been stout
against me.
in-Gixi, 11. 3. Very thick porridge of new
meal n»ade from green Kafircorn put in
water in which sweet-cane has been
boiled.
isi-Gixi, n. 4. A kind of assegai with a
longish blade and rather short neck.
i-Qixwa, n. 2. A castrated young bull.
uku-Qixisa, v. To cause one to give great
slices.
i-Qiyogiyo, n. 2. The Pied starling, Spreo
bicolor {Gm.). Fig. uligiyogiyo, he ate his
fill of fat meat.
um-GUndi, n. 6. Blinkblaar, Rhamnus
prinoides L'Her. Sim says that the name
is also given to the Soapbush, Noltea
africana Reich.
ukuti-QO, V. t. Of a swallow, to snatch
quickly a flying insect •, = uku-Gola.
uku-GOBA, V. t. and /. pass got ywa. To bend:
goba izapeta, bend the bow ; goba umnwc,
inflect the finger; to bow down the person;
to humble oneself; to do homage.
i-Qoba, w. 2. A tender, slender twig or
branch.
um-Qobo, n. 6. The edge of cloth turned
over in sewing; ahem.
um-Gotywa, n. 6. A clasp-knife.
uku-Gobagoba, v. To bend backwards
and forwards.
— Gobeka, v. To be ^exih\e: ulut'i alugo-
beki, the shaft of the spear or wattle will
not bend ; fig. to be humble, meek, lowly.
— Gobela, v. To bend or bow for.
— Gobisa, v. To cause to bend: gobisa
amadolo, bend the knees.
i-Gobo, n. 2. A very young animal, or a bird
just fledged.
in-Qobo, n. 3. A round enclosure of wicker
work with a convex roof, standing in the
open air for storing maize in cobs; cf.
i-Oonga.
in-G6bo, n. 3. The young tender maize-cob
on the stalk before the grain has formed ;
an unripe pumpkin (Pondo).
i-Gobogobo, n. 2. An empty shell (e.g. of
an egg).'
uni-Gobokati, //. 6. The joy of meeting
each other again after a long absence.
i-Gobolokondo, n. 2. A steep cliff, gorge,
ravine.
um-Gobongo, n. 6. An extremely high
head dress ; umpantsho walomfazi umgobongo
this woman's headdress is very high.
GO
. 2. pi. Changes.
A large, elastic basket for
To dig into, excavate,
ama-GobotitI, /
in-Gobozi, «. 3.
storing corn.
uku-QOCA, V.
unearth. •
isi-Goci, «. 4. Clear, distinct speaking;
eloquence, which goes to the bottom of a
subject.
uku-Gocagoca, *'. To investigate, examine,
search, inquire thoroughly into a matter,
so as fully to master and understand it;
to perform work thoroughly, fully,
completely.
ama-Gocigoci, n. 2. pi. Investigation,
search.
uku-Gocagoceka, v. To be searchable,
capable of being searched out : inani lemi-
nyaka yake aligocagoccki, the number of
His years is unsearchable.
— Gocagocela, v. To question in a search-
ing manner ; to cross-examine a witness
in a lawcourt.
uku-Goda, v. t. To dig, excavate the ground
to sink a shaft; fig. to search, inquire
investigate.
um-Godi, w. 6. Artificial hole or shaft
made in the ground ; used of the mines at
the Diamond Fields.
i-Gode, «. 2. Ill humour, moroseness, mur-
muring; complaining (used of a person who
is dissatisfied with what has been given
him).
uku-GodIa, V. t. To suppress, conceal, hold
back from view.
isi-GodIo, «. 4. The horn of an animal
when severed from the head (used as a
powderflask or trumpet) : ivavutela ngesi-
godlo, he blew with the horn. Em. The
chief's palace.
um-GodIa, n. 6. Em. A pocket.
isi-Godo, n. 4. A short block or log of fire-
wood; fig. a blockhead.
u-Godo, n. 5. A stiff, rigid, motionless thing,
as a dead body, mummy ; a dry skin of an
animal ; a dry carcase. Phr. wamdala ugodo,
he made him stiff, i.e. he killed him ; isonka
sokuza kusa silugodo njeitgomsila wenja, the
bread of dawn is dry and stiff like a dog's
tail.
um-Godo, K. 6. A single formed stool (used
only of men and dogs).
uku-GodoIa, v. i. To become or feel cold.
i-Godongo,«.2. A crooked horn turned
downwards.
um-Qodoyi, n. 6. Rabies: inja enomgodoyi, a
122
GO
mad dog; also a fabulous dog, a sort of
werwolf said to devour people.
uku-Goduka, v. i. To proceed, go or come
home : ugodukile, he went home, fig. he died.
— Godusa, V. To take or bring home : go-
diisa inkomo, bring the cattle home.
— Godusela, v. To bring home for or on
account of: waligoduscla ktimzi walo, he
brought it (the horse) home to its place.
isi-Qodwane, n. 4. A kind of dance.
i-GOFOLO, 71. 2. A well-dressed woman, hold-
ing up her dress behind in walking. (Prob-
ably from Du. juffrouw, which, in the
form of Dyifolo, was the name given to a
missionary's wife in years gone by).
uku-Goga, V. i. To hesitate; to be undecided;
to do a thing in the dark.
— Gogela, V. To catch orve in his speech.
— Oogisa, V. To silence an opponent; to
stop his mouth.
i-Gogo, «. 2. (a) The Klipspringer, Oreotragus
oreotragus (Zimm). (b) A witch-doctor,
enchanter.
ukuti-Gogo, V. i. To walk with difficulty,
like a hobbled horse, = ukii-Qohosheka.
isi Gogo, H. 4. A person with stiff limbs,
who cannot stretch them out, as one
paralyzed from cold or any other cause ;
one whose limbs are bound with a cord ;
fig. to be at a loss, embarrassed: weiiza
isigogo, or wasigogo, he was unable to
speak, or was hindered from speaking.
u-Gogo, n. 5. The dried skin of an animal;
a lean person or animal.
uku-Gogoda, v. t. To scrape out the last of the
corn from the pit.
um-Gogodo, n. 6. The last corn from the pit.
i-Oogode, n. 2. The South African toad,
Bufo regularis Reuss, so called from its cry,
which is one of the best-known sounds in
spring.
u-Gogode, n. I. August or September, when
amagogode begin croaking.
i-Gogogo, «. 2. An empty paraffin tin, prob-
ably from the sound it makes when knocked
about ; a tin box, a clock case.
um-Gogogo, «. 6. Subterranean gurgling of
water.
in-Gogolo, n. 3. A person who keeps back
his chief reasons.
ukuti-Gogololo, V. i. To sit on one's haunches,
to stoop, duck, hide ; nf sickness, to subside ;
ihlaba lite-gogololo, the stitch has gone
away ; umoya ute-gogololo, the wind decreased,
abated; to leave off: bategogololo, they
were at a loss.
GO
uku-Gogoshela, v. i. To hold back more than
one is entitled to, and to give one's partner
less than he is entitled to; to take the
greater portion for oneself.
i Gogosholo, n. 2. One who hides something
under the arm or on the chest ; fig. a boaster ;
one who puffs himself up like a peacock.
uku-Gogotya, v. i. To be unyielding; not to
believe what i-Gogo (the wizard) says, nor
do what he commands.
i-Gogotya, n. 2. An unyielding, disloyal
person. The Kafirs who did not kill
their cattle at Nongqause's command in
l857 were called amagogotya.
ukuGogotyela, v. To treat one harshly:
rvagogotyela kiiye, he treated him hard or
harshly.
uku-Goja, V. i. To nod as a very nimble urn
kiveta does with his plumes on.
in-Goje, n. 3. A person distinguished for
shooting and hitting well.
uku-Gola, V. t. from ukiiti Go. To snatch, seize
quickly (a bird from the air); to pounce
upon, as in seizing from behind.
— Golela, V. To spy out in a meeting for
report.
— Qolisa, V. To speak calmly but deter-
minedly.
i-GoLlDE, H. 2. Gold, from the Eng.
i Golo, w. 2. The end of the rectum protruded.
ukuti-GoIokongqo, v. i. To fall into a hole,
gorge or ravine ; of a wall, to tumble down
completely ; of the setting sun, to disappear ;
fig. to swallow up entirely.
— Qolokonq6konq6, v. To fall very deep;
to sound (a bell).
ukuti-Golokoqo, v. i. Of a bumping wagon,
to rumble or make a rattling sound.
um-Qolombane, n. 6. A tinkling brass orna-
ment, worn on the ankles and arms ; a thong
with a lock.
uku-Golombila, 1;. i. To deplore with pity.
i-Golomi, n. 2. (a) The Cape Loarie, Turacus
corythaix (Wagl.) (b) An anklet of bronze
or copper.
i-GoIonxa, «. 2. A corner, angle; a recess,
a cupboard-like hole.
in-GoIovane, w. 3. A small truck or trolly
for removing refuse.
uku-Goloza, v. i. To sit on^ one's hams; to
squat alone ; to sit solitary, as in reverie, or
lost in thought, or waiting for something.
— Golozela, v. To sit on one's hams with
an object in view, as a beggar sits at a
door in expectation, hence to sit watching :
scndiya hiqolozcla iscla, I shall be ready to
GO
watch the thief; ndisagolozele into endite-
njiswe yonn, I am still looking for the gift
which was promised me ; cf. uku-Qwala-
sela.
— Golozisa, V. To cause to watch, wait ; to
detain.
uku-Gomba, v. t. pass, gonjwa, To scoop,
hollow or dig out a pit; to excavate; to
wash out, as water or a flood on river banks
or on the sea shore; to lead the wings of a
hunting party in surrounding game.
uku-Gombdnca, and Gombonqa, v. t. To
hollow out, scoop out in wood or stone; of
an ulcer, to eat into the skin; cf. ukii-
Rombonca.
in-Qomb6nca, «.3. Used as an « J/'. Scooped
out (land) ; deformed, ugly (of the face).
in-Gomb6nqa, w. 3. Rough, broken country.
uku-Gomfa, v. i. To sit in a bending, droop-
ing position, with the head lower than the
knees, and the hands resting on the feet ; to
sit without any object in view.
i-Qomfa, n. 2. A careless, indifferent
person.
i-Gomfi, w. 2. An edible root.
ukuti-GomoloIo, v. i. To rise up again, to
stand erect.
ukuti-Gomp6, v. i. To disappear: id'e-gompb
cmlanjeni, he disappeared in the river.
uku-QONA, V. t. To embrace; to carry in the
arms: uyamgona umntwana, he carries the
child in his arms ; fig. to support : bagonwa
tiguhani-na? by whom were they supported
(with provisions) ?
i-Goni, n. 2. A promise that holds or binds
one.
in-Gono, n. 3. Anything to take ho;:l of, as
the stalk of a pumpkin ; the human nipple ;
a teat.
— Gonana, r. To embrace one another.
in-Gone, n. 3. A species of thin, long grass
without leaves, but with woolly and rough
points as its seed. (Du. Koper-draad i.e.
copperwire).
i-Gongo, n. 2. (a) A lump, swelling; fig. a
poor creature ; a nickname for a Hottentot,
(b) A species of bird, probably the Emerald-
spotted Dove, Chalcopelia afra (L.), which
in Sepedi is called, from its cry, legongo.
i-Gongoma, n. 2. Os frontis above the eye;
the frontal arch.
in-Gongoma, h. 3. A rising, swelling on the
head, caused by a blow ; fig. sign, token.
uku-Gongota, v. t. To beat often; drive
away, banish.
in-Gongobala, w. 3. (a) A song at a drinking
bout, accompanied with dancing in a
nude state, (b) A round elevation.
23
GO
uku-Qongobezela, r. /, To sit beside the food,
to keep the food always near oneself.
u Qongololo, //. 5. A dry, hard skin of an
animal.
in (jongolotela, //. 3. A looking for or
waiting for in vain: sabatigaqivalascla yaha
yingongolotela, we looked and waited, but
in vain.
uku Qongoloza, r. i. To wait long or in vain
(e.g. for the expected arrival of some one) :
sagoiigoloza sibaliiidele abantii, we waited on
expecting the people.
uku-Oongqa, v. t. To tramp up and down,
when there is no way ; fig. to search, follow
up, go deep into the crime or guilt of a
person; to make a headman responsible for
the hut-tax of his people.
uku-Gongqagongqa, v. To tramp up and
down country covered with (U?ialindi.
ukuti-Gongqo, r. /. To be hollow; to tread
or step into a hole unawares: ite-gongqo
iiikaha, the navel lies deep, is hollow; ze-
gougqo inkahi, the oxen went out of sight
into a hollow.
i-Gongqogongqo, n. 2. A rattling noise.
uku-Gongqoza, v. i. To make a hollow,
reverberating noise, as a wheel which is
dry, or a vehicle rumbling in the distance,
or thunder.
i-Qongqongqo, w. 2. An imaginary being of
great size and cannibalistic tendencies, who
figures largely in the Kafir intsomi',^i-Zim.
fem. igqngqougqolidzi.
uku-GongxJa, v. t. To dig deep (a pit) ; to
pull the headdress down over the face, as
a bride does; fig. to question deeply; to
search out the truth of a statement by
searching questions.
in the ground ; a road with bad ruts or
holes.
ubu-Gongxo, v. 7. Depth.
uku-Gongxagongxa, v. To examine very
closely.
ukuti-Qongxo, v. i. = ukuti-Gongqo.
i-Goni, 1K 2. See uku-Gona.
i-Gonigontsi, n. 2. Trickery in action.
in-Qono, n. 3. See uku-Gona.
um-Gonogono, n. 6. A small tree, Psy-
chotria capensis Vatkc.
uku-Gononda, v. i. To try to suck a breast
or udder which is dry.
u-Gonoti, «. 5. A long, thin rod or stick,
as the stalk of Kafircorn; fig. a tall person.
uku-Gonqa, v. i. To remain always at home.
uku-Gonqisa, v. i. To go towards the enemy
GO
at a rapid pace in the endeavour to over-
throw him ; to charge.
ukutl-Gontslii, r. i. To go in; to enter
immediately.
i-Gonts5, V. 2, A kind of plant with an
edible root.
in-Gontsi, ;/. 3. A corner of a room ; a
recess.
in-Gontsingontsi, ?;. 3. A deep place
which no man can reach; a secret,
hidden place. Dimin. ingontsangontsana.
vku-Qontya, =-' iikuGongxa.
in-Gonyama, w. 3. A lion; femin. ingonya-
viakazi, a lioness.
ubun-Gonyama, u. 7. The state of being
like a lion, strong, violent.
uku-Gonyamela, r. To act the lion to-
wards anyone ; to use force, or violence ;
to overpower.
u-Gonyamelo, n. 5. Violence.
uku-Gonyela, v. t. To give or put forth all
one's strength ; to exert oneself to the ut-
most in the accomplishment of an enter-
prise.
um-Gony6, n. 6. Meal dumpling cooked with
venison.
i-Gope, n. 2 Any convex, hollow thing, as
an eggshell, potsherd, or hoof grown
crooked.
uku-GOQA, V. i. To shut, close, bar or
lock up a kraal or house by placing a
piece of wood against it inside ; fig. to
steady oneself with the heels ; to close in
the legs when riding ; to fence or ward off
a blow by pulling up the knees. Em. iiku-
Gwcqa.
i-Goqo, )i. 2. A heap of firewood kept
outside the hut ; loc. cgoqwcni; fig. a
bullock whose horns point crossways.
isi-Goqo, n. 4. lVc7iza isigoqo, or ivasigoqo
he was eml irrassed, became speechless.
um-Goqo, 11. 6. A bar of wood ; a block
of wood to sit upon ; anything heavy,
large; a multitude, =in-Gxokolo; a
wagontrain ; dimin. um-Goqwana.
in-Goqi, «. 3. A rush; niascnzc uigoqi kuye,
let us race to him.
in-Qoqo, n, 3. Boiled maize, = in-Kobe.
u-Goqogoqo, n. 5. Rattling, clanking.
uku-Goqoza, v. i. Of a wagon, to make a
rattling sound when travelling; cf. uku-
Gongqoza.
uku-Goqozisa, v. To set the wagon going,
and thus produce the rattling sound.
uku-Goqulula, v. t. To move, put, or clear
away in searching; to uncover; to turn
■A
GO
everything upside down; to let fall the
shield, when pursued hard.
i-Qofa, n. 2. A brave man ; a hero.
ubu-Gofa, n. 7. Valour, heroism, bravery.
u-Qorogoro, n. 5. A rattling, clanking
sound.
in-QofoIo, «. 3. A number of red things.
uku-Qosa, r, t. To serve a chief or man of
high rank, as one trusted ; to be charged,
commissioned with a certain service.
i-Qosa, 71. 2. One put in trust ; a
servant, manager, administrator; an
office-bearer in a church.
ubu-Qosa, n. 7. Stewardship ; office (such
as eldership) in a church.
uku-Qosela, v. To serve, take care for
another person, or for a purpose.
— Gosisa, V. To cause or make to serve :
wazigosisa, he served without being
commissioned.
i-Goso, n. '2, and i-Gosogoso, n. 2. That
which is crooked, bent : iligosogoso indlela
yendoda enctyala, the way of a guilty man
is crooked.
ubu-Goso, and ubu-Gosogoso, w. 7.
Crookedness ; a bend (e.g in a river).
in Gotya, n. 3. pi. ama. Anything long (lath,
pole, stake).
i-Gotyi n. 2. The blue-mantled Flycatcher,
Trochocercus cyanomelas (Vieill.). This
name may be given to other species of
flycatchers as well.
i-Gotyiba and i-Gotyiwa, ;/. 2. Watsonia,
a beautiful mountain plant.
in-Gotyongotyo, n. 3. A long person or
thing.
um-Gotywa, 71. 6. from uku Goba. A clasp-
knife.
uku-GOVA, V. t. To be indifferent in cases
where one should help; to disregard
danger or cold; to be of improper or
indecent manner; to behave churlishly,
disrespectfully.
in-Gova, w. 3. Indifference, carelessness,
unprogressiveness.
uku Govalala, ) t- u • • j-cc
ukuti-Govalala, J ^- ^^ ^^ ^" ^" '"^1^^"
erent, etc., state.
u-Qovane n. 5. The uvula. Phr. iikusula
ugovane, to wipe the uvula, i.6. to eat.
isi-Govugovu, «. 4. A wild, vicious man or
beast.
ukuti-Goxe, ") • 1- u-j -^uj
uku-Goxa, ] "■ '• T^ ^'^^' withdraw, re-
treat into a sheltered place ; to go into the
pulpit ; to abate, cease, secede.
125
GO
ukuti-Goxo, V. i. To put away out of sight
in a box or in the ground: ndite goxo yonke
imali kulo7>mtu, I have put down all my
money to that man, and have nothing left ;
V. i. to be put out of sight ; fig. to be buried :
ute-goxo kwelahafileyo, he has gone down
among the dead.
U-GOXO, «. 5. ") A U r I •
ubu-Goxo, «. 7. J ^ h^^P «f thmgs that
rattle : ndalugoxo Iwcmiata/nbo, I was a
rattle of bones, a skeleton (from sickness).
ubu-Goxololo, K. 7. A heap or collection
of different things.
in-Goxowane, «. 3. Anything that makes a
rattling noise, as the loose copper-rings
worn on the arms; a gathering of dry
bones.
uku-Goxoza, and uku Goxozela, v. To
jingle as money ; to rattle, clank, creak
like a wagon.
in-Gozi, «. 7. A QlsingQr. Vhr. yingozi ei7intwa-
ne7ii, it is a danger to a child, applied e.g.
to a knife, a heavy pumpkin or fire. Any
injury, hurt, bruise, accident, loss.
ubun-Gozi, 7i. 7. State of being unfortunate.
N.B. For words beginning
in Gq not found here, see under
Q : ing-Q or u-Q.
uk\x-Qc{a.,r.t. pa^s.gqhon. To copulate. (An
obscene word, for which the emphemistic
expressions uhi-Laln, and, in the case of
animals, uku-Zcka are used.)
u-Gqamanzi, «. l. A dragonfly. In Kafir
natural history, the dragonfly is always
of the male sex, and its female is the
water. The Kafir imagines (when he
sees the female laying her eggs in the
water) that he is looking at the male im-
pregnating the water. In Em. u-Feja-
7uanzi and in Zulu u-Jeka7)ia7izi, the same
notion prevails. Owing to its obscene
suggestiveness, the word is rarely used
except by children.
ukuti-Gqa, v. t. To look sharply at one who
has done wrong.
ukuti-Gqa, = ukuti-Gqa Gqa.
in-Gqaba, 71. 3. (a) The red hare, (b) A
nickname for an old Hottentot man.
in-Gqabakazi, n. 3. (a) Nickname for an
old Hottentot woman, (b) A barren
woman or cow.
ama-Gqabantshintshi and Gqabatshitshi,
71. 2. pi. Big raindrops.
uku-Oqabaza, v. t. To curtail.
i-Gqabi, n. 2. A leaf of a ti-ee ar plant ;
igqabi lika-Lo7iji, brandy; dimin. igalyaTia.
To burst, as a turn-
GQ
iikuti-GQAB'U, |
iiku Ciqabuka, 3 ^* '
our, boil or bladder.
— Qqabukela, i'. To burst forth on any
person or object.
— Gqabula, r. To break off (string
rope).
— Gqabuza, v. To cause or make to burst;
or make holes, as hail through a roof.
— Gqabuzela, v. To cause to burst forth
on any object.
ukutJ-QQADA, v. i. To come forward with a
bound ; to come unexpectedly, suddenly.
i-Gqadi, «. 2. Prancing: ihashc linamagqadi,
the horse is proud, throwing up its head
and beating the ground with its hoofs.
u-Gqada-mbekweni, n. 5. A usurper, an
intruder. Uzcnza ugqada-mbckwcni, lit.
one who pounces upon, or appropriates
that which had been intended for another;
one who eats the remains of a meal with
out obtaining permission; fig. one who
desire.s, does, or speaks what is not fit
for him, who gives an uncalled for opinion
or interferes.
in-Gqadangqada, «. 3. Activity, quickness,
being everywhere.
uku-Gqadaza, t;. t. To move hither and
thither; to shift from place to place; to
dodge about; to run about in a playful
manner.
— Gqadazisa, *•. To dodge a person, as a
hare dodges the hounds by running from
side to side.
i Gqagala, n. 2. A great piece of stone; a
large fruit, as a quince.
ubu-Gqagala, 11. 7. Roughness of ground ;
a rocky, stony country full of boulders
or cliffs and clefts; fig. artful speech, the
purpose of which is concealed, difficult
to understand.
uku-Gqagalisa, v. t. To make a road
rough by throwing boulders on it.
ukutl-Qqa-gqa, r. /. To be dotted over, one
here, one there, as a man with small-pox:
iscbe lit'iwe-gqa-gqa tiganieva, the branch is
dotted or scattered over with thorns;
ingiibo ithvc-qgd-gqa ngamaqula, the garment
is dotted over with round buttons; iliwe
Uthvc gqa gqa yimizi, the land is dotted
with villages.
uku-Gqagqela, »•. To trim a garment with
buttons.
i-Gqagqi, n. 2 A species of plant.
i Gqagwe, w. 2. A choice, selected thing; a
skilful, wise, expert person; cf. i-Qaivc.
126
GQ
uku-Gqakadula, r. /. To jump, kick or run
about; to skip as children do.
in Gqakaqa, «, 3. Smallpox.
um Qqakwe, ti. 6. An illegitimate child.
uku-GQALA, v. t. To take notice of, fix the
attention or mind on, an object ; to observe
attentively; to pay attention to ; to remem-
ber ; to aim with a gun : wagqala ktiyc, he
aimed at him.
i-Gqala, n. 2. An observer; an old person ;
dim. igqalana, a nickname for a thin,
despicable, old man.
isi-Gqala, n. 4. A very observant man; fem.
isigqalakazi.
uku-Gqalana, v. To observe one another.
— Gqaleka, v. To be observed: nhutyehi
obuiigagqalckiyo, uncertain riches.
— Gqalisa, v. To draw the attention to, or
point towards, a certain object.
isi-Gqaliso, n. 4. A mark calling attention
or pointing to or guiding to. "
uku-Gqalisela, v. To observe attentively,
pay particular attention to an object; to
select for observation or attraction.
um-Gqallseli, n. I. An overseer, inspector,
steward.
um-Gqaliselo, «. 6. Particular attention
bestowed on a person or thing; a mark.
in-Gqalutye, n. 3. A ball or pebble used by
children for throwing in the game uku-Puca.
inGqarnbashoIo, 11. 3. A strong, tall person.
in-Qqambu, n. 3. The piece of wood on the
noose of a trap for birds or game; the
ligament of the tongue; fig. slowness 0/
speech; restraint.
um-Gqamsholo, «. 6. A worthless, useless
thing (bad tobacco); umntu ongumgqamsholo,
a bad fellow, bad character.
in-Gqanda, «. 3. A kind of assegai; see
i-Ngqanda.
in-Gqanga, «. 3. A generic name for large
birds of prey.
u-Gqangagqanga, w. 5. A loud noise ; as adj.
noisy.
i-Gqange, n. 2. Sagewood, Buddlea salviae-
folia Lm7i.
in-Gqaqu, n. 3. Dancing of men.
i-Gqara, «. 2. A fast, swift runner.
-Gqari, n. 2. A sly person, a snake in the
grass: unegqari, he has bad devices in his
heart ; = i-Qinga.
-Gqafuka, «. 2. A cavity.
-Qqasl, n. 2. The prancing or capering of a
horse; cf. i-Gqadi.
n-Gqata, n. 3. Dung in small pellets, of goats,
sheep, etc.
QQ
uku-Gqatsa, v. t. To race horses or cattle.
u-Gqatso, «. 5. A race, racecourse.
ukii-Gqatsela, v. To race for.
uku-liqatsa, II. ?'. To expose to a fire; to roast:
ilmiga ligqatsUc, the sun is burning hot ; iiku-
zigqatsa, to intrude.
in-Gqatsane, n. 3. Burning heat: ingqa.
tsane yclanga, the burning hot sun ; fig.
forwardness: uzenze ingqatsanc, he placed
himself forward.
i-Qqatyana, n. 2. Dim. of i-Gqabi. A small
leaf.
in-Qqawane, n. 3. (a) A root used for pain
in the stomach ; cf. in Dawa. (b) A strand
wolf, - is-Andawanc.
in-Gqawe, n. 3. A hard grass, growing from
a red bulb.
i-Gqaza, n. 2. The Little Pinc-pinc Grass-
Warbler, Hemipteryx minuta Gunning; also
called u-Nonqane. Phr. uratya lwa?nagqaza^
the twilight of the magqaza, i.e. the early
evening twilight when this little bird is still
flying about.
in-Gqaza, ;/. 3. A head ornament of red,
black and white beads, with a string of the
same hanging down behind, worn by boys.
window or a person's skull with a stick; to
destroy.
i-Gqeba, n. 2. A knobkerrie.
uku-Gqebagqeba, v. To break or beat on
the head often or hard : intbko sabo zagqe-
jwagqcjwa, their heads got hard knocks.
— Gqebana, v. To break skulls of one
another.
isi-Gqeba, n. 3. A house of the chief, where
he meets his councillors or distinguished
strangers.
um-Gqebe, n. 6. Beer, drink.
uku-Gqebela, v. To speak ironically, sarcas-
tically, saying one thing and meaning
another; to banter; to call names.
in-Gqebelelana, «. 3. us. as adj. Big, blus-
tering, arrogant (words) ; bantering.
uku-Gqebenya, v. i. To claim pre-eminence
for oneself.
i-Gqebeqe, «. 2. Secret plot, machination;
an intriguer," plotter, deviser, conspirator.
um-Qqeku, n. 6. Calves wliich go with dry
cows; a lot of young \;attle under three
years: nqumla mngqcku, take off a lot of
young cattle.
in-Gqele, n. 3. Frost, cold.
i-Gqeleba, «. 2. An intelligent person who is
useful in everything.
127
GQ
ukuti-Gqengegqenge, v. i, To hlaze: umlilo
ute-gqengegqcnge, there is a blazing fire.
um-Gqepe, n. 6. A cup made from a calabash,
a great drinking vessel : lendoda imqele,
ike yafumana uingqcpe, this man is tipsy, he
has had a cup ; see um-Ngqepe.
in-Gqeqe; n. 3. A small kind of dog; fig. a
dwarfish pei'son ; dim. ingqeqana.
uku-Gqereza, v. i. To talk incoherently.
-Gqesha, «. 2. A girdle, band, napkin, bound
about the waist.
in-Gqeshemba, n. 3. Hardness, = /«-G(/o5//o-
mha.
ukuti-Gqezu, v. i. To wink.
GQI, inter j. Behold \gqi inyamakazi, see, a buck !
kuti esatcta, gqi ilifu elikanyayo labenzcla
ittnzi, while He yet spake, behold, a bright
clould overshadowed them.
ukuti-Gqi, v. i. To appear, project, stick
out. It denotes the occurrence of a
sudden event, breaking in as it were
upon other events.
ubu-Gqi, n. 7. Enchantment; sorcery;
magic: wenza ubugqi, he used enchant-
ment.
QQJBI! interj. That's all! gqibi he, all is
over! quite,entirely: buginwa gqibi, heath-
enism only.
£o°?b''' } -■ '■ ■>-■ «*"^'"^''-
To finish, accomplish, close, end, termi-
nate: siivugqibile iinisebcnzi, we have
finished the woi'k; sendigqibile, I have
already finished; indlala iyasigqiba, lit.
the famine is finishing us, i.e. there is
great scarcity of food ; to purpose, decide :
ndagqiba vgelitt, I resolved, decided as
follows; wayegqibe entliziyweni, he pur-
posed in his heart.
in-GqJbo, n. 3. End, completion, accom-
plishment (active).
isi Gqibo, n. 4. Purpose, result; decision.
uku-Qqibela, v. To make a full end; to
finish up: impi yasigqibela, the enemy
finished us up ; inkoino zamgqibela timbona,
/m .' the cattle quite destroyed the maize ;
with adv. signification of wholly, totally,
quite: amazimba agqibela ukubola, the
Kafircorn was totally rotten; used very
idiomatically with the adv. signification
of 'last': ndamgqibtia enj.ild, I last heard
of him in that condition ; ndimgqibele ese
ihashe emlanjcni, I last saw him taking
the horse to the river ; abokugqibcla kuni,
the last remaining of you, your residue.
in-GqIbela-qoyi, n. 3. That which is final;
the end.
QQ
um-Qqibelo, «. 6. The last (day of the
week), i.e. Saturday. Phr. akuposwa
mgqibelo, you are never missed at the
Saturday dance, 'there is no show with
out Punch '.
uku-Oqibelela, v. To be fully accomp-
lished; to be complete, perfect : >7ft(7Mi
ngabagqibelclcyo njcngokuba iiyi/ilo osemi-
zuhvini cgqibclele, be ye perfect as your
Heavenly Father is perfect; utando ola-
gqibekleyo, perfect love.
in-(jqibeleli, w. 3. A perfect one.
in-Gqibelelo, «. 3. Integrity: amadoda
ahamba ngokwcngqibelelo yaivo, cngazi ne-
nto, the men went in their simplicity,
knowing nothing.
uku Gqibelellsa, c To make perfect.
um Gqibelelisi, «. /, One who makes
perfect: imbangi nomgqibelelisi wokolo
Iwclu, the Author and Perfecter of our
faith.
uku-Ogibelisa, v. To see for the last
time : gqibclisa ilauga, look at the sun for
the last time (said to a person who is
about to be put to death).
— Qgibelisana, v. To say good-bye to
each other for the last time.
uku Qqibeza, v. Em. ^itku-Gqibcla.
i-Qqibika, «. 2. The fold on the under part
of the thigh; Kafirs swear by amagqib' ako,
thy folds.
uku Gqila, r. /. To pull or draw at the
nipple; to drain the last drop from the
cow in milking; to suck at the breast till
entirely drained: iimntwana uyaingqila
tinina, akusapnini irto, the child troubles its
mother with sucking, and there comes no
more out of her.
isa Qqill, n. 4. Milk which is drawn from
the unfilled udder ; dim isagqilana : inkoino
ipum' isagqilana, the cow is beginning to
give a little milk.
in Gqili, «. 3. A district.
in Gqimdolo, w. 3. A species of plant.
in-Gqindiiili, n. 3. Thickness, etc., see
i-Ngqindilili.
in-Gqindiva, n. 3. One who sits with his
head held proudly back.
ukuti-Gqipu, r. t. To cut through with a
knife or scissors; to cleave; to part the
hoof: ?iozidla izinlo esit'iwe-gqipu iipupu, you
shall eat whatsoever parteth the hoof;
wawabona amaztilu ethve-gqipu, he saw the
heavens rent asunder.
ukuti Gqipu-gqipu, r. To cleave quickly.
in-Gqipuia, n. 3. A clod.
128
QQ
i-Gqifa, n. 2. One who is skilled in restoring
or preserving health, as igqwira is skilled in
destroying it. These doctors are of
various kinds : (a) igqira lokiigxa, lit. doctor
of the spade, who heals by roots and herbs;
a herbalist; (b) igqira lemvula, one who
pretends to make rain ; (c) igqira lokucw
niisa, one who professes to divine ; (d)
igqira lokumbiilula, one who professes to
discover bewitching matter by means of a
spear; (e) igqira eliqubidayo, one who
pretends to suck out and spit out isidlanga,
i.e. things troubling a patient; (f) igqira
elinukayo, = isa-Niise, under ukii-Nuka.
ubu-Gqifa, n. 7. The profession, skill,
practice, etc., of an igqira.
uku-Gqishela, v. To cover the penis.
um-Gqishelo, u. 6. The private region
between the anus and the testes.
uku-GQITA, V. t. To pass by or over ; to
jump over a point : ndagqita kuye, I passed
by him ; fig. in a comparative sense, to go
beyond: lainknfdan'e ugqitilc, that sickness
has gone beyond (recovery), i.e. the sick
person is dead (a common way of in-
timating death) ; akagqitilc, he is not any
worse; ndigqitwe bubuncoko, I am fond of
chatting; to surpass, excel: lendoda iwa-
gqitilc amanye ngobidtwiko, that man sur-
passed others in wisdom, i.e. is wiser than
others; igqit'emgccni, it is above measure;
to transgress: wawugqila umteto. he trans-
gressed the law.
um-Gqiti n. I. A transgressor.
isi-Gqito, n. 4. Passing over the line of
rectitude; transgression.
uku-Gqiteia, v. To pass on. to pass over
to : wagqitcla pambi kwabo, he passed over
before them.
— Gqitisa, v. To cause to pass by, to
jump over, etc. ; to proceed: zigqitise in-
komo, pass on the cattle; to surpass: node
wagqitisa kiim, and one who is much
more than I, i.e. who surpasses me ; aka-
tiako ukuteta isi-Xosa, ugqitisile, he excels
in speaking Kafir.
— Gqitisela, v. To cause to proceed to-
words a person or place ; to surpass.
Adv.: tigokugjitiscleyo, abundantly; above
measure.
in-Gqitiselo, «. 3. Excelling: //<««/// ttkuba
nibe ncngqitisclo, seek that ye may excel.
uku-Gqitisisa, v. To cause to transgress:
niyabagqitisisa abantu, ye make the people
transgress.
GQ
i-Qqita, «. 2. (a) Scrofula, ulcer, any indolent
swelling that discharges pus: uiiegqita, he
is scrofulous, has a swelling or ulcer inside,
(b) Monsonia ovata Cav., called iyeza
leramba, snake medicine ; used also for
dysentery ; the Pondomisi call it ubuhlungu
hcramba, snake poison.
in-Qqit!, n. 3. A finger with the terminal
joint, or the two terminal joints, cut off.
The custom of taking off the joint is
followed by several Kafir clans, and is
supposed to safeguard the child from evil
ways. Stow says that among the Bushman
tribes the custom of cutting off the
terminal joint of the little finger was
almost universal.
i-Qqiza, n. 2. A troop, company, a limited
number of men (not cattle) : igqiza labantu,
a company of people.
uku-Ciqoba, v. i. To walk aimlessly in the
forest where there is no path, as a lost
person ; to walk unsteadily, as a man who
disembarks from a ship ; to go in and out :
ndagqoba nJipuma, I went in and out.
in-Gqobe, 7«. 3. Speed, running fast; rush,
desperate effort, violent impulse: yenza
ingqobe, do it speedily, make an effort to
overtake and seize.
u-Qqobo, n. 5. A long, stiff tail.
ukuti-GQOB'OQQOB'O, v. i. To break out
in (sores, etc.) : bat'i-gqobdgqobo izilonda, sores
broke out upon them.
uku-Qqob6ka, v. To break out; to open;
to be perforated ; to be pierced through
and through so that a hole is made; to
burst forth : indlu igqoboke umtombo,
fountain burst forth in the house ; to
burst, as an abscess or boil : itumba ligqo-
bokile, the abscess has burst, opened ; to
burst through or out from internal
pressure : amanzi agqobokile edameni, the
water has burst out from the dam; inxo-
wa igqobokile, the sack has burst : inkwe-
ukwc igqoboke ikwelo, the boy has ac-
quired the art of whistling (which is
said to be done by putting the in-Kwili
on the tongue to let it bite it and then
making an effort to whistle) ; to become
inured to war: amagwala akakagqo
boki-naf have the cowards not become
brave yet? said when war continues
long ; umkweta ugqoboke ukutshila, the
circumcised boy has acquired the art of
dancing ; fig. to be converted.
GQ
heathens, who have the idea that the
word or preaching has pierced a hole
through the heart, ascribing the change
to natural causes.) Fem. igqobokazana.
u Qqobdko, n. 5. Repentance, conversion.
ubu-Qqob6ko, n. 7. The state of con-
version, as opposed to the state of
heathenism.
uku- Qqob6kela, v. To break out into :
gqobokda ekumemeleleni, break forth and
crv.
— Oqob6za, v. t. pass, gqojozwa. To cause to
burst through by force or pressure from
without : gqobbza umnxuma, pierce a hole
through ; to break into a house through a
wall by instruments ; to open ; to per-
forate ; to make a hole through : amasela
ayigqobozilc indlu, the thieves have broken
into the house ; to beat or crush (glass,
earthenware, the skull) by a heavy blow ;
to tear or rip up, as birds of prey do.
um Qqob6zi, n. I. A breaker, one who
bursts through.
uku-Qqob6zela, v. To break through in
a particular spot or locality : gqobozcla
inxowa, open the bag (by cutting it open
at the mouth).
uku-Qqogqa, v. t. To scrape out (a pot, snuff-
box, calabash, etc.) so that nothing is left in
it ; fig. to storm a place, to assail and expel
an enemy, or the remnants of a vanquished
foe, who have concealed themselves ; to
extirpate, break up by violence : ama-
Sirayeli awagqogqa aina-Kanajtc, the Israelites
extirpated the Canaanites.
.in-Qqokongqoko, «. 3. A rattling noise; a
stony place.
in-Qqokozo, n. 3. A stony place: bawele
ngelengqokozo izibuko, they crossed by the
stony drift.
in-Qqokoqwane, n. 3. A weevil.
in-Gqokova, n. 3. Used as adj. Very red
with red clay.
uku-GqoIa, v. i. Em. To be brown, rusty,
dirty from smoke ; = iiku-Gxwala.
in-Qqola, «. 3. A species of red locust.
i-Qqola, n. 2. A stick with a big knob; a
club.
ukuti-Qqolo, v. t. To beat with a stick, v. i.
To be hasty ; to run ; to do a thing often.
i-Qqolo, n. 2. A miser; a niggardly, selfish
person.
-Oqolo, «. 3. An unclean animal (baboon).
.-Qqob6ka, «. 2. A convert to Christianity. u-QqoIo, n. 5. A steep, perpendicular ascent;
(A nickname given to a convert by |
R
a hillside.
OQ
uku-Qqoloda, v. i. To jump about from over-
joy in victory.
u-(jqolonia, w. I. The python. Phr. banczi-
tena zika Gqoloina, they have the python's
bricks, and are therefore able to inspire
awe. (This proverb is used by the Natives
with reference to white people).
um Gqoloqd, n. 6. Scarcity of grass, hair,
etc.; poor condition of a country, or of
people.
ill-Jl^ZSM"- 3. A reddish colour as
that of blood; a darkish red or brown per-
son ; iiigqombdkazi, a light-red cow.
in-Gqomflya, n. 3. That which is great, tall,
stands erect : nmt'i wcma wayingqomfiya, the
tree was high, stood erect, straight.
um Oqomogqomo, n. 6. Witgatboom,
Capparis albitrunca Biirch., a tree whose
roots are used in times of scarcity as a sub-
stitute for coffee.
u Qqonci, «. 5. Underbush, Trichocladus
ellipticus E. & Z.
in-Gqongana, n. 3. Anything diminishing
in size, as a river in drought : ilizwe libuyele
layingqongana, the country became very
small.
u-Qqongo, n. I. A protruding navel, umbi-
lical rupture.
in-Qqongqo, n. 3. A dried bullock-skin used
as a drum by the women to accompany
dancing; a tall, strong person, a giant; a
person in authority, with power to com-
mand; hence used adverbially to express
certainty or finality: lomnHvatia tigumntwa-
na ivalapa ngqongqo, this child is a real
child of this place (it is not of obscure
origin) ; lento ndilka ngqongqo, I say this and
I mean it, I am firm about this.
in-Qqongqosholo, n. 3. A tall, corpulent
person; a hard character.
in-Gqongqot6, //. 3. A person who excels in
speech or in anything good.
i-(iqongwe, //. 2. Anything empty, as a box,
bag, or paraffin-tin.
i Gqoqina, n. 2. An herb used as a perfume.
in Oqoqo, n. 3. An armlet of black shells;
the colour of a goat.
isi-Gqofo, n. 4. The first milk of a cow
during the first two days after calving;
abundance of food, milk, corn, etc.
uku-Gqofa, v. t. To break off branches of
trees for firewood, to speak strongly against
a person.
— Oqoroza, v. To beat as a smith with his
QQ
hammer; to break wood; to work hard;
to collect people or cattle ; to belch
wind. ,
l:;:S3o°ll;otbiV3. } a s.ro„gly-bu,l,
muscular person ; anything hard which will
not soften or yield ; hardness, stiffness from
cold or fear, — in-Gqeshemba.
ubu-Gqoshomba, n. 7. Hardness, stub-
bornness, obstinacy.
uku-Gqoshonqa, v. t. To scold, refuse, rebuff
in a hard, boisterous, blustering manner.
V. i. Of a horse, to be startled ; to bristle up.
uku-Gqota, v. t. To hunt alone or singly
near home, or outside of the forest ; fig. to
hunt up people to join any fraternity.
ukuti-Gqotegqote, v. i. To move quickly;
to rock or wave to and fro ; to shiver after
fright or convulsions ; v. t. to knock over
and destroy.
in-Qqot6, n. 2. Hasty moving: unengqote,
he does not find, succeed, etc., from hasti-
ness, i.e. he is in too great a hurry.
in-Qqot6, n. 3. The rough edge or skirt of
a dried skin (with holes through which
it was fastened by pegs to the ground for
drying); fig. the outskirts of a village or
land; a lean bullock. The Abambo are
called isizive esindlebe zizingqoto, the tribe
with large holes in the ears.
uku-Qqotsa, v. i. To run swiftly.
— Gqotsela, v. To run towards or for.
— Gqotsisa, v. To make (a horse) run fast.
ukutl-Gqu, V. i. Sound of thunder, report of
a shot.
uku-GQUBA, V. t. To raise dust or dry dung,
as cattle in a savage mood; of children, to
throw up the dust in play.
i Gquba, n. 2. A place where there had
formerly been a cattle-kraal ; an old place
of long standing: abantu bascgqtibeni, the
people of the oldest or central station in
a district.
um-Gquba, «. 6. Old, soft, dusty manure;
fig. kwatige ngat'i kuza kitsala umgquba, it
looks as if only rubbish will be left.
uku Gqubela, v. To cover with dust. Phr.
ugqutyelwa liitiili, he is covered by the
dust, i.e. he is short in stature; akagqutye-
Iwa lutuli, he is not covered by the dust,
i.e. he is very tall. Fig. to accuse.
— Gqubelana, v. To accuse each other.
— Gqubelela, v. To cover over, hide for
a purpose.
uku-Gqubula, v. To take secret counsel,
etc., = uku-Gqugida.
i-Qqubula, n. 2. A species of plant.
i-Oqubusha, w. 2, The Rufous-bellied Puff-
back Shrike, Laniarius rufiventris (Sw.).
ukuti-QQUBUru and uku-Qqubutela, v. t.
To cover the head and face from being
seen by throwing a garment or cloth over
the head; to veil; to cover the whole
person with a robe ; to robe.
isi-Qqubutelo, n. 4. A veil.
uku-Qqubutelela, v. To veil for a purpose.
— Qqubutelelana, v. To veil one another
for.
— Gqubutelisa, v. To cause to veil.
i-Qqudu, n. 2. A short stick with a big knob;
dimin. igqudwana ; = i-Butiguza.
ukuti-Gqududu, v. i. To stumble; to fall
forward.
i-Qqudutywa, v. 2. One who easily makes
mistakes.
uku-Qqugqisa, v. t. To alter, change, abolish
(a custom).
i-Qqugqugqu, «. 2. A volley, stir, excite-
ment.
uku-Gqugula, v. i. To consult together
privately, take secret counsel together.
i Gqugula, n. 2. Secret council of a chief
with his councillors; secret consultation;
a commission.
uku Gquka, v. t. To obliterate, rub out a
track, trace or footmark, so that nothing is
to be seen; fig. to conceal the meaning.
V. i. To shift about, to turn from one point
to another.
um-Gquki, n. \. A cunning person who
evades all questions and enquiries, and
confounds his inquisitors.
uku-Gqukeka, v. To be obliterated; to be
subtle, cunning, crafty.
urn Gqukunqa, n. 6. A species of Ironwood,
Olea woodiana Knobl.
in Gqukunyembe, n. 3. An undecided
person ; a weathercock.
ukuti-GQUM, v. i. To sound, as an earthen
pitcher breaking in pieces, or as a gun-
shot : bate-gqum, they shot.
Gqumgqum, adj. Full of wind in the
stomach, puffed up; fig. boastful. .
uku-Gquma, v. i. To roar as a lion or the
sea. Phr. akuko ramncwa lingagqiimiyo
kowalo umnxiima, lit. there is no beast
that does not roar in its own den, i.e. a
a man recognizes no superior in his own
establishment, or every cock crows on
on its own dung-hill; akuko mlanjana
ungagqumiyo, there is no stream without
sound.
13
i-Gqumo, «. 2. ) tp^o.-;.,^
um Gqumo, n. 6. j R^^rmg.
uku-Gqumela, v. To roar against: ingouya-
ma ezintsha zigqmncla ukiiqwciiga, the
young lions roar after their prey, for
something to rend.
— Qqumelana, v. To roar against each
other.
— Gqumka, v. (tribal). To burst open, as
a ball or bladder, or as an egg in falling;
to be dashed to pieces ; = Tyumka.
— Gqumza, v. To make the sound of
shooting; to shoot.
uku-GQUMA, V. t. To cover, as is done by
throwing a garment over one's head to
suffocate him; to smother; fig. to conceal,
hide a thing; to hide anything under the
garment, causing the garment to be puffed
up ; euphem. to bolster up the posteriors.
— Gqumana, v. To conceal among each
other.
— Gqumela, v. To cover or conceal for:
uy::kiifidirola esibateiii ahahc.sigqttnuic iiina,
Thou wilt pluck me out of the net, that
they have secretly laid for me.
— Gqumeleka, v. To be covered, smoth-
ered.
— Gqumelela, v. To put a blanket or earth
over something: iiitlabati igqunuiela indic-
ia, the sand covers up, closes the road.
— Gqumisana, v. To cause to conceal
among each other.
Gqumgqum, adj. See under uknl!-Gqin?i.
uku-Gqumka, (a) See under ukiit'i-Gqum.
(b) = uku-Nqumka.
in Qqumfa, n. 3. (a) Maize which has short
cobs at reaping-time. (b) A crowd of
people.
in Gqumshela, see i-Ngqumshela.
i-Gqunce, n. 2. A species of forest tree.
i-Gqunde, w. 2. A kind of grass.
ama Gqungqefe, n. 2. pi. The report or
reverberation of guns.
uku-Gqungquluza, see ukn-Qnngquliisa.
in-Qqungqumbane, n. 3. A small truck or
troWey •j-in-Golovanc; fig. a little, active
person.
in-Gqungqusi, n. 3. Foam.
in-Qqungqwana, h. 3. A short thing or
person.
in Gqungungqungu, ?i. 3. Diminutive corn or
maize with little foodstuff in it; fig. much
talking without knowing or understanding
what is talked of; a restless person.
u-GqupiJi, «. 5. Playing by jumping over a
thong ; skipping.
ukutl Gqupugqupu, v. i. To jump, rush
into (water).
uku-Qqupuza, v. i. To protect oneself
against the river-spirit and his influence by
throwing stones into the river, or tying
rushes round the neck.
u Gquqwana, «. 5. A number, heap (of
children).
uku-Qqufa v. t. To burn medicinal plants for
the purpose of expelling unclean spirits
and so purifying a place; to cast out by
conjurations and ceremonies; to exorcise.
isi Gqufu, n. 4. A clump or clod of earth or
mortar; fig. a lump: tinesigquru, he has a
lump in his throat from excitement or
annoyance.
uku Qqusha, v. i. To struggle, writhe.
— Gqushagqusha, r. To struggle, as a
fowl when being killed ; to welter; fig. to
toil hard; to drudge.
— Qqushalaza, v. To struggle in dying ; to
turn over frequently.
ukuti-Qqushu, I , ^^ ^^^^ 1 ^^^^h,
uku-Gqusha, )
pound a road which has been made; to
stamp with the feet, as sheep or horses ; fig.
ivayigqusha tnceba yam, he trampled my
compassion under his feet ; to perform a
kind of dance.
in-Gqushu, n. 3. A well trodden place or
road.
uku-Gqusheka, v. To be trampled down:
igqnshckile indicia eya e-Mgwali, the road
to Emgwali is all trampled down.
ukuti-Qqute, | ^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^e a hole
uku (jquta, j
in the ear, or to bore through a calabash ;
to extract by probing, as wax from the ear,
or honey from a bottle; to pick the teeth;
to clean a pipe or loosen the tobacco in a
pipe with a needle ; fig. gquta indlebe, lit,
take the wax out of the ear, i.e. open the
ear, be attentive; watiwa-gqute lihlaba, he
was attacked by a stitch or pleurisy.
— Gqutagquta, v. To search thoroughly,
ferret out : gqutagquta indlu, rummage the
house for bad things.
— Gquteka, v. To be open: indlebe zigqute-
kile, the ears are cleaned out, open.
um Gqutsubana, n. 6. A horse or other
animal that cannot run fast.
in-Qqutu, n. 3. Something hollow or scooped
out.
ukutl-GQUZU, V. i. To burst out laughing
without any apparent cause : nsuke wegquzu
ngcntsini, he burst into laughter.
Gquzugquzu, adj. Brittle, apt to break,
fragile.
in-Gquzungquzu, n, 3. A brittle thing;
us. as adj. brittle.
ubu-Gquzugquzu, n.j. Brittleness.
uku-Gquzula, v. t. To break a piece off
(plaster).
uku-Gquzuka, v. i. To break off, as plaster
from a wall by anything coming in contact
with it in passing ; fig. to go off, to die.
ukuti-Qqwaba, v. t. To beat on the head.
i-Gqwaba, n. 2. Coffee or tea, left in the pot,
without sugar.
uku-Gqwabaza, v. t. To tap lightly with a
stick ; to fillip with the finger.
uku-Gqwagqwa, v. t. To burn pottery or
bricks; to toast, to half-roast.
um-Qqwagqwane, «. I. A hot, excited,
angry person.
uku Qqwagqweka, v. To be burning^
angry, full of wrath.
u-Gqwagqwasi, «. 5. Hard, dry land.
i-Gqwaka, n. 2. A large kind of Bushman's
tea, Catha edulis, said to give strength when
chewed on a journey, so that one does not
get tired; used as medicine for chest
disease and snake-bite. See uku-Fukuta.
ukuti-Gqwakagqwaka, v. t. To start
people on a line of work or study which
they themselves will follow up.
in-Gqwalashu, M. 3. A species of marten;
fig. a mean, destitute person, a Hottentot.
uku-Gqwanca, v. i. To lose colour through
smoke ; to become brown.
in-Gqwangaza, n. 3. The sound produced
by ox-hide shields at a fight.
in-Gqwangi, n. 3. The Bakbakiri shrike,
see i-Ngqwangi.
Gqwangu, interj. A poke! He has it!
ukuti-Gqwai: ju, v. To poke, as an ox in
attacki:^.g another.
i-Qqwanxe, n. 2. Black ironwood, Olea
laurifolia Lam.
u-Gqwangxe, n. 5. A stick or indukii made
of Black ironwood.
uku-Gqwanisha, v. t. To abuse.
u Gqwafashe, n. I. A species of snake.
uku-GqwashuIa, v. i. To be zealous in
working and speaking; to adhere, stick
vigorously to a thing; to storm or speak
in a rage.
isi-Gqwati, n. 4. The substance found
. adhering to the inside of old milk-sacks
or water casks; any incrustation inside
vessels; ear wax; dirtiness; any decom-
posed, mouldy or rotten substance ; rust in
corn; putridity, rottenness; fig. blemishes in
speaking.
i-Qqwatyana, «. 2. Dimin. form from ukut'i-
Gqwaba. A little fight, dance or debate.
i-Qqwayi, n. 2. A nickname for a Fingo.
ukuti-Qqwazi, v. i. To be of small compass,
little, not full or whole.
u-Qqwegqwelele, «. 5. Insincerity, denial :
wenz' ugqwegqwelele , he excused, exculpated
himself.
in-Qqwemla. n. 3. A powerful ruler, tyrant;
a person of extraordinary size.
ukuti-Qqwengu, v. t. To poke, as an ox
with its horn.
in-Qqweqwe, n. 3. A slice, peel of pumpkin;
ingqweqwe yengqtie, a flat, thin piece of ice ;
a thin plate of metal ; the thin board or top
of a table.
uku-Qqwesa, v. i. To win in running a race,
or in learning, or in playing a game.
V. t. To pervert (in a good sense) ; to get
the better of another.
uku-GQWET'A, v. t. To hold or turn a thing
(book) upside down ; fig, to alter, change ;
to pervert, making black white, and vice
versa.
i-Qqweta, n. 2. A perverter; the common
name for a law agent, attorney, advocate ;
igqweta elitshutshisayo, the prosecuting
barrister.
um-Qqwet6, n. 6. A man's kaross made
from a calf's hide, worn usually with the
tail upwards; pi. perverseness; dimin.
timgqwetana, a short garment of skin ; fig.
a parchment, certificate.
ubu-Qqweta, n. 7. Perversity, unrighteous-
ness.
uku-Qqwetela, i;. To pervert into: sizi-
gqwetela ekufeni, we pervert ourselves to
death.
um-Qqwetesha, n. l. One who runs swiftly, so
as not to be overtaken ; one who performs
an operation with vigour.
um-Gqwetesha, n. 6. Manner, mode, style,
course.
ukuti-Gqwididi, v. i. To fall; fig. to make
mistakes in speaking.
ubu-Gqwididi, I M^^j^ ^^^^^g
ubu-Oqwidigqwidi, j \' ^
in speaking from doubt or uncertainty;
doubt.
ukuti-Gqwilikidi, v. i. To knock against a
thing and fall ; fig. to err; to miss the mark.
i-Gqwira, n. 2. A malevolent and greatly-
dreaded person, who is believed to have
the power of life and death over others ;
when 'takata' mg, he goes naked, or girt
with an isitehc only; he rides on a baboon,
and carries two sticks, one of which, black
in colour, is for killing, and the other of
which is for raising to \\iii; = urn-Takati.
He is a criminal of the deepest dye, hence
the word is extended to include anyone
guilty of an infamous act, such as incest.
ubu-Gqwira. n. 7. Witchcraft, sorcery.
ukutl-Qqwizi, ") ■ t> ^ ^
uku-Gqwizila,j '"• '■ ^""'^^"^ ^^ ^'^^^ °^
touch a thing aimed at; of a bullet, to
glance off; to miss the mark; fig. to hide
oneself.
isi-Gu, «. 4. A trap, consisting of a flat stone,
supported in a slanting position by an
ingenious arrangement of twigs, to one of
which the bait ^generally intlava grubs from
the mealie stalks) is fastened. A bird
or mouse, on touching the bait, releases
the supporting twigs and is killed by the
falling stone.
um-Gu, n. 6. Effort, etc., = um-Gudu.
ukuti-GU, V. t. To put a thing a little out of
the way.
ukuti-Gu-bucaia, v. To turn aside or step
out of one's path for any purpose : ndite
gubucala endlwmi, I stopped aside into
the house; iite-giibucala cteta nomlingane
wake, he stepped aside and spoke to his
companion ; isono samti-gubucala endleleni
yohulungisa, sin enticed him out of the
path of righteousness, i.e. made him
depart from it.
uku-Gula, V. To mislead: ndiyamgula nga-
sese, I mislead, seduce him.
— Gulela, V. To step aside for: ndamgulela
endleleni, I made way for him, stepped
aside that he might pass; cf. ukuti-Gu-
hucala.
uku-GUBA, V. t. pass, gutywa. To grind corn
into meal; fig. to oppress; to convince:
undigubile, he convinced, vanquished, me
by his speech.
um-Gu bo, n. 6. Meal, flour; any powdery
substance like meal.
uku-Gubeka, v. To be grindable; to be
made into powder.
— Gubela, v. To mix up, to mingle with
meal.
uku-GUB'A, V. i. To tremble with fear. Em,
To bathe.
— Gubela, v. To tremble at.
— Gubisa, v. To make afraid, to cause
trembling.
QU
QU
in-Quba,
The muscle below the uku-Cluda, a /. To be smooth, glossy, sleek :
shoulder.
in-Gubane, n. 3. A great slaughter in battle;
a great mortality (such as that from rinder-
pest) supposed to be caused by an iim-
Shologu.
um-Qubasl, n. 6. A doorpost.
um-Gub^la, «. 6. The forefinger.
in-Qubo, n. 3. A garment, kaross, cloak,
robe, blanket for covering the whole body ;
plur. clothes; dimin. ingutyana, a small
robe, etc. ; loc. engutyeni.
i-Gubu, n. 2. A dried calabash, prepared for
use as a musical instrument, connected by
a bow to a single string, which is beaten
and resounls in the calabash with a sound
like gitbu, giibu ; any hollow-sounding thing,
such as a bottle; hence, a drum, a musical
band ; dimin. igutyana.
isi-Qubu, M. 4. A bowl out of which beer is
drunk ; = iSclwa.
ukutl-GUBU, V. i. Of the sky, to be over-
cast : izulii lite-guhu, the sky is lowering.
ukuti Gubus;ubu, v. Of the sky, to be
black with clouds.
uku-Gubula, v. To pick off pieces of
plaster from a wall, as a child might
carelessly do.
— Gubuka, v. Of an eruption, to break out
on the skin ; = uku-Jaduka.
— Gubungela, v. To cover, e.g. the body
with a garment, or a vessel with a lid.
isi Gubungelo, m. 4. A covering as of
cloth.
ukuti-GUB'U, V. i. Of the stomach, to be
squeamish ; as adxK, not quite : peka inyama
itt-giibu, cook the meat underdone.
i-Gubugubu, n. 2. A tasteless thing, as
meat.
uku-Gubula, v. To have gripings in the
bowels; to vomit.
— Gubulula, V. t. To upset the contents
of a box, to put them all out of order ;
-iiku-Hlakaza. To turn over: ikuba
liyagubiiliila, the plough turns over the
soil.
— Gubuza, V. t. pass, gujuzwa. To yield
plentifully, e.g. of a cow giving much
milk ; tribal Goboza.
— Gubuzela, v. Of the stomach, to be in
commotion, on the point of throwing up
its contents ; of a pot, to boil ; also = uku-
Giiba.
ukuti Gubudu, v. i. To go down steps.
i (iubufa, n. 2. A meeting of councillors.
uku-Gucula, v. t. -uku-Gutyula.
indlu igudile, the house is proper, in order ;
inkomo ziguiilc, the cattle are sleek ; to
milk a cow without putting the calf to her,
or to milk successfully a cow that has lost
her calf ; adv. vgokiigudilcyo, flatteringly.
isi-Gudu, n. 4. A cow which allows her-
self to be milked without being first
sucked by her calf, or one which has lost
her calf and yet allows herself to be
milked.
uku-Gudisa, v. To make smooth; to iron;
to smooth weapons in forging them ; to
rub a cow gently to induce her to give
milk freely.
uku-GudIa, v. t. To rub against an object, as
an ox against a wall or post : inkomo ziyazi-
gudla emlini, the cattle rub themselves on
the tree ; wandigudla ngcngalo ecaleni, he
knocked me on the side with his arm, when
passing by; fig. to hit or hint at one in
speaking to others; to vent one's spleen
against a person; cf. uku-Kuhla.
— Gudlana, v. To crowd against others
forcibly: inkomo zigudlana edlelweni, the
cattle throng each other on the pasturage.
— Gudleka, v. To receive any rubbing; to
suffer from abrasion : umti ngudlekile, the
tree has been damaged by rubbing; to be
in a throng, to be pressed.
um Gudluli, n. I. The month of April.
uku-Gudluza, v. i. To shake violently (a
door, box).
— Gudluzela, r. To shake violently on
account of.
Gudu, interjec. Denoting the sudden and
unexpected occurrence of an event during
the progress of another: behold!
ukuti-Gudu, V. i. To change one's plan
suddenly and do something else: intUziyo
yam ite-gudu, I have changed my mind
about that plan which I originally meant
to carry out.
i Gudu, M. 2. A bullock's horn used for
smoking wild hemp. It contains water,
in which is inserted a reed, so placed that
the smoke has to pass through the water
before it reaches the smoker's mouth.
in-Gudu, k. 3. Undingene ingudu, he. is ever
tracking me; he urges me on, makes me
hurry.
isi-Gudu, ». 4. See under M*M-G^«rfrt.
u-Gudu, n. 5. A kind of amphitheatre on the
side of a mountain or hill, forming a
hollow running from the lower to. the
QU
higher part of the mountain, usually
covered with trees, not so deep as a ravine
or gorge ; the steep, declivitous, sloping,
bank of a river.
um-Qudu, n. 6. Effort, exertion ; taking
pains to do a work; notable deed, exploit.
i-Gududu, n. 2. A sorcerer, conjurer,
exorcist.
uku-Gudula, v. t. To plaster a wall; to
smooth the plastering: zagudulwa isisele,
the mealie-pits were cleaned in preparation
for the harvest.
uku-Quga, V. i. To wear off or out; to
become old from wear: ingubo yam igugile,
my blanket is worn out; to be out of
fashion; to become depreciated in worth.
Phr. akiiko sibonda sigiiga namaxolo aso, lit.
no stake grows old with the bark on, i.e.
years tell upon us all.
— Gugisa, V. To cause to wear out, to put
out of fashion.
u-Guga, n. I. The red Kafir water-melon.
i-Gugu, n. 2. A valuable, precious or worthy
thing, treasure, jewel ; a person much made
of; plur. pleasures, fads; ipelis'igugu, it
(cattle-plague, etc.) finishes riches; igugu
lingaba likulu, umbombo uyaqoshwa, lit.
treasures may be great, the nose is buttoned,
i.e. a boaster is always disappointed.
uku-Quguzela, v. i. (a) To grow quickly
and richly after rain, as crops, (b) To
run for pleasure's sake.
uku-Guguda, v. i. To run along in all
directions.
Gugugu ! intcrj. The noise made by the
engine of a train ; cf. Jujujii.
uku-Gugula, V. t. To cut the hair short.
uku-Guguma, v. i. To rise in a heap ; to boil
up ; to move in billows as the sea ; fig. to
boil with anger, n. 8. Wrath: ekugugumeni
kiv.iko kuinbula inccbj, in Thy wrath
remember mercy.
— Gugumela, v. To rage against.
uku-Gugunya, v. t. To pick the flesh from
the bone, = uku-Kukuza.
uku-Guguta, V. i. To go along the bank of a
river or the side of a mountain.
i-Gukwe, n. 2. A trick, artifice.
uku-Gula, V. To mislead, see under ukitti-Gu.
uku-Gula, V. i. To groan, mdan, as when in
pain or sorrow. Em. to be sick, ill.
um-Quli, n. I. Em. A sickly person, a
patient.
i-Gula, 71. 2. A species of milk calabash,
so called from the noise made by
fermentation within it.
135
> V. t. To wipe off water with
QU
um-Gulo, n. 6. A groan, moan.
uku-Gulela, v. To groan, etc. over a
person or thing. Em. To have one's
relative ill : uguldwe ngabantwana, his
children are ill.
— Gulisa, T^. Em. To cause illness : Mj/asN
gulisa, he pretends to be ill.
in-GuIa, n. 3. Precedence, preference,
superiority.
in-Qulube, n. 3. The Bush Pig or Bosch
Vark, Potamochoerus choeropotamus
typicus {Maj.).
um-Gulugulu, n. 6. Strychnos Mackenii.
ukati-QuluIu,
uku-Guiula,
the hand from the body or clothes after
being washed, or sweat from the face ; to
slip.
— Gululeka, v. To get wiped off,
separated : iiitsila iyagululcka engutyeni,
the dirt separates from the clothes.
uku-Guma, v. t. To eat hard corn or dry
bread ; fig. to groan in pain.
i-Quma, «. 2. A person who has not suc-
ceeded, but has gone backward in his
circumstances ; Em. = in- Tendelczo.
in-Gumane, n. 3. Cockspur, Secale cornu-
tum, common among Kafir-corn.
i-Gumasholo, n. 2. A drone bee ; fig. a big,
but inactive man.
uku-GUMB'A, V. t. pass, gunj'wa. (a) To
carve ; to scoop out wood : ubondo lugunji-
we ngesitshetsJie, the ladle has been
scooped out with a knife; to make hollow,
excavate; scoop out ground, as water
does at the banks of a river ; cf. ukii-Gomba.
(b) To cause strife by speaking evil of an-
other person.
in-Gunibane, n. 3. (a) Bleeding piles;
hemorrhoids, (b) An imaginary creature,
serpent or worm or uinoya, which is
supposed to impair all the vital power of
people, making them weak and sickly;
its victims are usually young women.
i-Gutnbi, n. 2. A corner or room, recess,
ante-chamber immediately at the en-
trance of a house; dimin. igunjana;
loc. egumbini.
u-Gumbe, w. 5. A stream, which washes
out the ground. Unogumbe was the
name given to the great flood at Nxele's
time, which caused great landslips and
destruction ; hence this name is usied for
the great flood of Noah's time.
ukuti-Gumbegumbe, v. t. To scoop out,
make a little hole, not to dig deep.
GU
5. A pernicious, harmful,
To finish up ; to make an
To cause un-
u-Qumpu, /
person.
uku-Guinza,
end of.
in-Qumza, n. 3. An unripe maize-cob when
the grain is just forming.
uku-Quna, v. t. To throw the iguni in the
game of u-Nocwcba ; - uku-Cweba.
i-Guni, «. 3. A small flat stone used by
girls in the game of u-Nocwcba; a peever.
u-Guncu, «. I. An old woman.
uku-Gungisa, v. To cause pressure; to
catch: intaka igungisiwe, the bird was
caught in a trap, i.e. was killed.
ukuti-GUNGQU, V. ?.)
uku-Gungqa, > To struggle, writhe;
uku Gungqagungqa, )
to have no rest in the mind from pain, etc ;
to rock about with a rolling motion. Phr.
bitgiuigqa ngamakaka, they performed the
war dance.
u-Gungqo, n. 5. Unrest; unhappiness of
mind.
um-Gungqo, n. 6. Struggle, writhing,
wrestling.
uku-Gungqela, v. To be in a state of
unrest and worry over something
desired.
— Gungqisa,
— Gungqagungqisa.
rest, struggling; to cause a wagon to
rock and bump by driving it over large
stones and rough places.
i-Gungqu, ti. 2. The name given to the little
vole-like creatures of the genus Otomys
CuiK It may perhaps be sometimes given
to other small mammals.
u-Gungqu, «. 5. Used as Adj. Valuable : into
elugungqu, a great, valuable thing.
ukuti-Gungqu, v. /. (a) = uku-Gungqa. (b)
To sound as a house when suddenly
entered.
uku-Gungquza, and uku-Gunguza, v. t.
and /. (a) To make a noise by rocking,
knocking, rattling, etc. ; to shake about,
jolt as a wheel; to cause a knocking
sound in some hollow thing, as inside a
house or vessel, (b) To be lonely,
separated, secluded, without a com-
panion.
Gungu, intcrj. Exclamation used when an
isigu has caught a bird.
ukuti-Gungu, V. Of an isigu, to close with a
snap upon a bird.
i-Gungu, n. 2. = i-Gunya.
ubu-Gungu, n. 7. Used adverbially. Aside,
unseen, privately, secretly : waycnza bu- 1
136
QU
gungu lento, he did this without being seen ;
watela bugungu lento, he told it secretly. .
uku-Gungubala, v. i. To rise, as meat in
boiling; fig. to elate or puif up oneself; to
boast.
i-Gungubala, «. 2. The growth of a boy
from a certain time.
i (iungubele, n. 2. The rising of meat in
the pot when boiling.
ukuti-GunguIulu, v. t. To touch, hit with a
stick, lance or stone, superficially without
entering; to glance off.
in-Gungululu, n. 3. A morose person.
uku-Gunguluza, = ukuti-Gungululu. To
strike the surface only: ilizwi lika-Tixo
ligunguliizile ezintliziyweni zenu, the word
of God has not entered your hearts.
uku-Gunguta, v. t. To beat severely, cf.
uku-Ngula.
uku-Gunguza, To make a noise, etc. =w^m-
Gungquza.
uku-Gungxa, v. t. To pull the head-dress
down over the face, as a bride does; = «^M-
Gongxa.
ukuti-GUNQXU, =-- uku-Gungxuka.
uku-GungxuIa, v. t. To throw, push off or
down; to shift or roll down something
heavy (large stones from a height, or
from the walls of a building which is
being demolished): umt'i ugungxulwe esi-
kondweni, the tree has been pushed down
from the stump.
um-Gungxuli, n. I. A destroyer, demo-
lisher.
uku-Gungxulela, v. To cast down to: umzi
oyingxonde uwugungxule wawugungxulela
emhlabeni, He hath laid the lofty city low,
low even to the ground.
^^iisirulct"'] " ^° f=" "f '-™ =
height or seat; to tumble down (used of
something heavyj.
uku-Gunica, v. i. To act with partiality.
uku-Gununda, v. t. To eat the grass off
short, or the place bare.
— Gunundeka, v. To be eaten off; to be
bare.
— Gunuza, v. t. To gnaw off.
■GUNYA, M. 2. Deputed authority deter-
minedly exercised; power, strength; bra-
vado: uqale walifaka induku isela elo, uku-
let'isa igunya, he first gave the thief blows
with a stick to break down his resistance.
uku-Qunyalaza, v. To show power.
— Gunyaza, v. To speak authoritatively.
V. t. To stoop, bend on
GU
— Qunyazela, v. To speak authoritatively
on behalf of one; to act defiantly against
anything.
— Qunyazisa, v. To authorise.
— Qunyuza, t'. To show power, authority;
to master, overpower; to throw in
wrestling; to seize with a firm muscular
grasp.
um-Qupane, n. 6. (a) The Black-crowned
Bush-shrike, Pomatorhynchus senegalus
(Linn.), (b) Flesh from the neck.
uku-QUQA,
ukuti-Guqalala,
or upon ; to bend the knee ; to kneel down :
siguqc ngamadolo, we bent our knees; fig. to
be humble. Ukuguqa is an essential part of
the marriage ceremony ; see uku-Duda.
— Quqela, v. To bow down for or in
respect of: niyakuguqela ukusikwa, ye
shall bow down to the slaughter.
— Guqisa, v. To make or cause to kneel:
waziguqisa inkamela, he made the camels
kneel down.
ukuti-QUQU, V. i. To change one's state, to
turn from one thing into another as
happens in the intsotni: zeguqu inkomo zali-
hlatt, the cows turned into trees and became
a forest.
iSqur^fs. ] Rallying: inkunzi yenza
ingiiqu, the bull returned to the attack
after having run away, he rallied.
ukuti-Guquguqu, v. i. To turn about or
round ; to change colour, as a chameleon.
in-Guqunguqu, n. 3. A changing.
uku-Guqula, v. t. To turn over; to cause
one to turn back: ziguqule impahla zam,
return my property ; fig. to cause one to
change his mind and conduct ; to convert :
ndaguqulwa lilizwi lika-Tixo, I was con-
verted by the word of God; to answer,
rejoin; translate, interpret.
um-Guquli, 71. l. A translator.
in-GuquIo, n. 3. A change; translation.
uku-Guquguqula, v. To turn or roll over
and over; to make short turns; fig. to
change or alter modes.
— Ququleka, v. To be turned, changed:
ukungaguquleki kwecebo lake, the immu-
tability of His counsel.
in-Guquleko, n. 3. Change, alteration
(subj.).
uku-Guquka, v. To turn, come back:
akakaguquki, he has not come back yet;
to go in another direction; fig. to change
the mind and conduct ; to turn from one
course of conduct to another; to be
converted, to repent: guqukani nikolwe,
repent ye and believe.
u-Guquka, n. l. The Bateleur, Helotarsus
ecaudatus (Daud.), a species of eagle
which turns somersaults in the air.
um-Guquki, n. I. A converted person.
in-Guquko, n. 3. Change of mind, conver-
sion, repentance : wavakalisa ubaptizo Iwe-
nguquko, he preached the baptism of
repentance.
uku-Guquguquka, v. To change often in
purpose, opinion and conduct; to be
shifty, unstable, fickle, inconstant, like a
weather-cock: mna Yehova andiguqugu-
qiiki, I the Lord change not.
— Guqukeka, v. To turn back or over by
itself.
-Guqukela, v. To turn back for; to come
back to: waguqukela ku-Tlxo, he turned
towards the Lord, i.e. he became con-
verted; to turn against: nabendibatanda
bandigiiqiikcle, and they whom I loved
are turned against me.
— Guqulela, v. To turn over for or to or
against ; to change for or into.
in-Guquielo, n. 3. A change into (obj.).
ukuti-Guququ, v. To turn round quickly;
to turn in bed ; to face about : we-guququ
wall, he turned round and said; fig. to
change suddenly the subject of conversa-
tion or discussion ; to fly off to another
topic.
u-Gura, n. 5. A very lean thing.
i-Gusawa, n. 2. A plant like the Bush-tea
growing by rivers ; it is used for making a
kind of tea and for its perfume.
uku-GUSHA, V. t. To hide or conceal a thing
under the armpit or garment.
i-Gusha, n. 3. lit. the concealer, (a) The
woolled or merino sheep, (b) A cloak
made of sheepskins. Phr. wapum' egusheni,
lit. he came out of the sheep skin, that is,
he let the cat out of the bag,
i-Gushabokwe, n. 3. The fat-tailed Cape
sheep; a shaggy goat.
uku-Qusheka, v. To be hidden, concealed.
— Gushela, v. To hide for or from another :
lento yigushele pantsi kwebatyi yako, hide
this thing under your jacket,
um-Gushanxa, n. 6. Great effoi-ts; exertions.
um-Gushe, n. 6. An edible root.
i-Gushugushukazi, n. 2. A very good milch
cow.
uku-Quta, V. t. To cut off pieces of fat.
i-Gutyana, w. 2. A small drum; dimin. of
i-Gubii.
in-Gutyana, n. 3. Dimin. of in-Gitbo.
uku-Gutyula, v.t. To remove dirt; to sweep
out water, which the rain has brought into
a house.
uku-Guxa, V. t. (a) To peel, divest, strip
(leaves); fig. to leave a thing naked; to
plunder, (h) To scour a dish, cleanse
thoroughly : iiiiiviitiibo ctyabttlayo igiixa iibubi,
stripes that wound cleanse away evil.
um-Guxa, 11. 6. That which is stript, bare,
peeled : uiiiguxakazi, an old lean cow.
uku-Guxana, v. To strip or plunder each
other.
uku-Guya, v. t. To shave the beard or pubes.
Em. To dance before a war commences, or
before the abakweta of the year are circum-
cised.
um-Quyo, n. 6. Em. War dance; also the
all-night dance that takes place before
the young men who are entering on thi
circumcision rites are circumcised.
in-Quza, n. 3. A porpoise or dolphin.
i-Guzu, H. 2. The bone which is covered by
the eyebrow.
uku-Guzuba, v. t. To cleanse oneself of
Guzuba's sin (incest) by drinking brandy.
uku-Guzubala, v. i. To feel safe on account
of; to be puffed up ; to strut, espec.
processions or feasts.
uku-Guzula, V. t. To abrade, scrape a wall;
to rub against it so as to cause the plaster
to fall off; fig. to remove, discharge,
depose (a headman or chief from his
chieftainship).
uku-Guzuka, v. Used of the skin, or of
the plaster of a wall, to be abraded by
friction, rubbing or scraping; fig. to be
removed, discharged, turned out of office
or work; to be on furlough.
ukuti-QWA, V. t. and /. (a) To throw the
whole into: ute-gwa chlathti, he threw
himself into the wood; he concealed
himself in the forest; to give all to one
who has nothing: ndimtc-gwa tigokutya kivani
koiikc, I gave him all my food, (b) To be
full.
uku-Gwagwa, v. To shut or pen up people
or cattle in a hole, in prison, or in water.
— Gwagwisa, T>. To be proud ; to boast ;
to make much ado about little.
um-Gwagwisi, «. I. A boaster.
uku-Gwagwisela, v. To be arrogant and
boastful towards others. I
GW
uku-GWABA, V. I. To sing, hum a tune; to
chant. Em. To sing when going to war.
um-Gwabi, a. i. A singer. Em. Precentor.
i-Qwaba, n. 2. The Black-crested Cuckoo,
Clamator serratus (Spainn.) Perhaps
also the Black and Grey Cuckoo,
Clamator jacobinus hypopinarus Cab. and
Heine.
in-Gwabavu, n. 3. A number of red things.
i-Gwabugwabu, and in-Gwabungwabu,
n. 3. That which is wide, loose; cf. in-
Givatyii.
uku-GWADA, V. i. To take snuff.
i-Gwada, «. 2. Snuff; igwada lencuka, lit.
hyena's snuff, i.e. a puff-ball.
uku-Gwadisa, v. To give snuff to others.
u-Gwadasi, n. $. = u-Gwadugwadu.
uku-GwadIa, v. t. To cook a great quantity;
fig. to take a long time to settle a dispute.
u-Gwadugwadu, //. i. A noisy, riotous
person.
uku-G waguba, v. t. ^
— Gwagubisa, > (a) To come upon one
— Gwagusha, v. i. j
unexpectedly, suddenly : handigwaguba
abantti, iikuba ndishitmayelc knbo, the people
called unexpectedly on me to preach to
them, (b) To pursue so as to tire out;
to continue to follow a person from place
to place, for the purpose of annoying him.
uku-Gwagwa, v. See under ukuti-Gwa.
in-Gwagwa, n. 3. An ornamental ear-button
of ivory.
um-Gwagwa, n. 6. A reddish cloud such as
is often seen at sunset.
uku-G waja, v. i. To operate like medicine.
uku-GWALA, r. t. To perform on the
musical instrument u-Givali; to whistle.
u-Gwnli; a musician, minstrel.
u-Gwali, V. 5. (a) An instrument made of
the fibres of sinew on a bow of wood
with a quill, flattened on one side, to
give greater elasticity; the sounds are
made by the mouth vibrating on the
catgut, (b) A great singer, (c) The
points of a maize-cob just forming before
it has any grain, (d) Great rage: usuke
xvaltigwali lokulwa oku, he was in a great
rage.
ukuGwalela, v. To play to: sanigwalela,
naza nina anadnda, we piped to you, and
ye did not dance.
isi-Gwaliso, n. 4. A musical instrument.
uku-Gwala, v. i. To behave as a coward.
1 the
138
GW
i-Gwala, n. 2. A timid, pusillanimous
person ; a coward.
ubu-Qwala, w. 7- Cowardice; want of
courage to face danger ; timidity.
um-Qwalanyuba, it. 6. A species of shrub
with edible berries.
um-Gwalayiba, «. 6. A species of tree.
um-Gwali, «. 6. The name given to two
species of Euclea: I. E. lanceo\ata E. Mcy.,
the Bush Gwarri, used by Hottentots as
tea. The bark of the roots is used as a
purgative, iyeza lohtxaxazisa. 2. E. un-
dulata Thtmb., the Gwarri, whose fruit is
eaten by the Natives.
u-Gwaluma, n. 5- Great noise, a loud
shouting: uvhve ngaschuhlanti apb selcleln-
gwaluma, he was heard beside the cattle-
kraal making a loud outcry.
isi-G warn, n. 4. A number of people collected
together closely.
isi-Gwamba, h. 4- Em. A vegetable stew,
in which the points of young pumpkin
shoots have been cut up.
i-Gwambi, n. 2. A concave line formed by
huntsmen.
i-Gwampi, 11. 2. A fighting of young men.
in-Gwampi, n. 3. The Wattled crane,
Bugeranus carunculatus (Gm.).
um-Gwamu, n. 6. A number of cattle
slaughtered at the same time, whose flesh
is either heaped up or boiled in great
masses.
in-Gwamza, n. 3. The White stork or Great
locust-bird, Ciconia ciconia (L.) ; the word
is used by the Reds as a nickname for
school Kafirs, on account of their dress.
in-Gwane, ??. 3. The octopus or devil-fish.
uku-Qwangcazela, v. i. To take up a de-
fensive position ; = uku-R'wacazela.
— Qwangcazelisa, v. To expect an attack.
Gwangqa, adj. Light brown or bay: iiikahi
egwangqa, a light brown ox; ifiashe ligwa-
ngqa, the horse is of a light brown colour ;
fig. red like a drunkard.
i-Gwangqa, n. 2. (a) The Rufous-naped
Lark, Mirafra africana A.Sm., so called
from its colour. Its song is rendered as
ndiya etywalcni, I am off to a beer-drink;
or as sebefikile, they (the herdboys) have
already arrived (to torment us), (b) A
European.
i-Gwangqakazi, n. 2. A lightish red or
brownish coloured cow.
i-Gwangqagwangqa, w. 2. Warlike noise,
bustle ; the noise made by the spears hit-
ting the shields in fighting.
QW
in-Gwangqazo, n. 3. A loud cry, clamour,
shout; the rattling of a wagon.
i-Gwangwa, n. 2. The Pied crow, Corvus
scapulatus Daud.
in-Qwangwa, n. 3. Clapping with hands at a
dance ; a noisy multitude.
in-Gwangwane, n. 3. The stork, = in-Gwamza.
uku-Gwangxula, v. i. To clean up the weeds
in maize or Kafir-corn fields when the
crops have begun to blossom and are tall ;
to travel a difficult, cumbersome road.
i-Gwanishe, n. 2. The spekboom, Portulaca-
ria afra Jacq.
i-G wantsa, n. 2. A young, full-grown person ;
one in his full strength, but young.
uku-Gwanya, v. t. To do a thing by brute
force; to perform, execute a work under
difficulties; to claim a thing which is not
one's own; fig. to remain hard or tough in
spite of long cooking, as mealies boiled in
sour water.
in-Gwanyalala, n. 3. us. as adj. Of a hide,
hard; fig. austere, fiery, audacious, im-
pudent, angry (shewn in the face).
ubun-Gwanyalala, w. 7. Hardness, fierce-
ness, impudence.
Gwapisi, n. 2. A thick, strong person; an
immoderate eater; cf. iim-Apisi.
ukuti-Qwaqa, v. i. To come suddenly on a
thing or person : ndimte-gwaqa, esihla endti-
lini, I came suddenly on him as he was
descending the hill.
uku Gwaqaza, r. /. To try; to make an
effort; to exert oneself.
i Gwashu, n. 2. Something blown up or out,
fitting loosely on the body, wide and flap-
ping : ibulukwc imagwashu, blown out trousers.
i-Gwatyu, n. 2. A national song. It came
from the East before the war of 1 846, and
was first used by boys in reference to war ;
it was adapted in that war to fighting
purposes.
in-Gwatyu, ] Anything wide and
m Gwatyumba, ^ ^ ^ >=
flapping, as a wide pair of trousers ; a lean
cow with pendulous or flapping udder.
uku-Gwatyuza, v. i. To rustle, as a leathern
kaross.
uku-GWAZA, V. t. To stab, wound, pierce
unawares; to thrust cold steel through a
body. Phr. ukugwaza ti-Tshaka, ugwaze
ebona, he hit the nail on the head.
um-Gwazi, n. I. A stabber, assassin.
um-Gwazo, n. 6. Stabbing, assassination.
uku-Gwazela, v. To smite at : naye mgwaze-
leni enqwelweni yokulwa, smite him also in
the chariot.
139
(jW
in-Qwe, //. 3. (a) The leopard, Felis pardus
L. Phr. itigweyaziwa ngamahala, the leopard
is known by its spots ; iiigwe idla ngamahala,
the leopard eats by its spots, i.e. the
leopard's spots deceive ; amahaV cngwe, lit.
leopard's spots, i.e. hints, remarks ; also
given as a name to the Lesser Cape Bishop-
bird ; pi. izingwe, a cloak made of leopard-
skins, -worn by chiefs, (b) A species of
butterfly, Papilio demoleus L.
uku-GWEBA, i:t. pass, gwetywa. (a) To bend
the head towards: ugweha ngentloko kulo-
iiqayi, he bends his head over that basin
(to drink) ; to thrust, keep or turn off: inkii-
nzi iyagwcba, the bull strikes with one horn
and then with the other, it can toss well,
(b) To decide, judge, condemn: ndigwetyiwe,
I am condemned. The idea of condemna-
tion or judgment against one comes in when
the verb is used with the accusative of a
person : undigwebile, he has condemned me.
(cf. Latin nutus for parallel meanings).
um-Gwebi, «. I. A decider, judge.
S-Gweta,' ] «-4- A small, short stick,
which need not have a knob,
isi-Gwebo, «. 4. A judgment; a judicial
sentence: wawisa isigwebo, he passed
sentence.
u-Gwebo, n. 5. The passing of a sentence.
um-Gwebo, «. 6. The act of judging.
um-Gweba, n. 6. A small, short stick with
an oblong knob for boys to throw with.
uku-Gwebana, v. To judge one another:
masingahi sagwebniia ngoko, let us therefore
not judge one another any more.
— Gwebela, v. To decide for, to give judg-
ment in favour of, justify, acquit: 7igoko
sigwetyelwe-nje sinoxolo, being therefore
justified, we have peace. (It does not
mean in proper Kafir " to sentence to a
penalty.")
um-Qwebeli, n. I. One who justifies.
isi-Gwebelo, n. 4. Justifying, acquitting.
uku-Gwebellsa, v. To bring about or cause
an acquittal.
— Gwebisa, v. To cause to judge, etc.
ukuti-Qwebelele,
— Gwebeleza,
appear secretly.
i-Gwebu,«. 2. (a) Froth, foam, scum ; frothy
saliva; ainagwcbu, fi'oth, foam (as at the
mouth), frothy stools, scrapings of the
bowels, (b) The thin flesh of the breast.
in-Gwebu, ;/. 3. The froth on milk.
isi-Gwebu, n. 4, A limpet.
140
To abscond, dis-
GW
uku-Gweca, v. i. To be always the same,
without varying.
i-Gwece, n. 2. A young person or a young
head of cattle ; a young ox commencing to
pull.
uku-Gweda, v. i. To persevere in doing a
thing; to cry out very loudly.
i-Qwede, n. 2. A young, unfledged bird.
uku-GwedIa, t;. /. To paddle, row. Em. To
move out of the way.
um-GwedIi, n. I. One who rows or paddles.
uku-Gwegwa, v. t. To hook, take down with
a hook, hang with a crook : gwegwa imbiza
ngesigwegwe, hang the pot with a hook (over
the fire) ; fig. to trip up in wrestling by
hooking with the leg; to propose marriage
to a young woman.
\SZ^^::i^ ] Anything to hook
with; a hook or crook.
imi-Owegwe, «. 6. pi. Long, streaky clouds.
uku-Gwegweda, v. t. and i. To steer clear
of; to go by a circuitous route, so as not to
be seen; to keep aloof: wawagwegweda
amapolisa, ngokiiba esoyika ukubanjwa, he
avoided the police fearing he might be
apprehended; gwegweda kuzo inkani, avoid
strife.
— Gwegwedela, v. To avoid, shun for a
purpose: umzt-lo uwugwegwedela-tiina?
why do you avoid that village ?
— Gwegweleza, v. To take a circuitous
route.
uku-Gweja, v. t. To tuck up the corner of
the kaross.
uku-Gwela, v. i. To keep aloof from a
person or thing.
i-Gwele, n. 2. Leaven, yeast.
i-Gweleba, «. 2. One expert in all things.
uku-Gweleqa, v. t. To allude to; to hint or
aim at somebody in speaking; to hit in-
directly..
in-GweletSiietshe, n. 3. A small shield,
used to cover the face in hunting. Phr.
yini ukuba uroV ingweletshetshe? why are
you angry ?
um-G welo, n. 6. The scrapings of meat from
an animal's skin, roasted in the fire.
uku-Gwenguia, v. t. and /. To strike the
surface, graze, hit a little; of a ball or
assegai, to glance off", rebound: uyagwe-
ttgula, akulingenisi igaba emhlabeni, you
strike only the surface, your hoe does not
go deep into the ground; wayigwengula
intaka ep'ikweni, you hit the bird on the
outside of the wing only ; fig. to evade, put
off, digress, deviate.
QW
The Serval cat,
Felis
in-Gwenkala, ?/. 3.
serval Erxl.
uku-Qwenta. v. t. To murder by stealth
(witchcraft); to ass-dssma.te ; = tiku-Gwinta.
isi-Qwenta, n. 4. An assassin.
QWENXA, adj. Crooked, perverse, wrong,
wicked: inteid egivenxa, perverse speech;
ndenza okugwenxa, I did wrong,
uku-Gwenxa, t;. /. To pervert; to break
in angrily on the speech of another.
i-Qwenxa, M. 2. A perverse man; fem.
igwenxakazi.
ubu-G wenxa, n. 7. Perverseness, crooked-
ness, wrong state of things.
uku-Qwenxagwenxela, v. To talk affect-
edly, in a peculiar manner, so as to be
distinguished from other persons.
— Qwenxeka, v. To be in a perverted
state: intlhiyo egwenxekileyo, a perverse
heart.
— Qwenxeia, v. To incline to wickedness.
— Qwenxisa, v. To make crooked; to
pervert; to turn aside from rectitude.
in-Qwenya, n. 3. The crocodile. Though
this creature is extinct in Kafirland, its
name survives in a saying still used by
children as they enter the river to bathe :
vaV amehlo ako, tigwenya, ukuze uugasihoni,
shut your eyes, crocodile, that you may not
see us. The children believe that, if mgwe-
nya stares at them, they will be mesmerised
and will make for that place where the
animal is, and perish,
in-Qwenye, n. 3. The fruit of the Kafir
plum ; also applied to the Loquat fruit.
um-Gwenye, n. 6. The Kafir plum tree,
Odina caffra (Bernh). When the fruit is
ripe, it is time to sow Kafir corn.
in-Gwenye yenja, n. 3. The fruit of the
Dog plum.
um-Gwenye wezinja, n. 6. The Cape ash
or Dog plum tree, Ekebergia capensis
GW
isi-Gwevana, n. 4. Dimin. of isi-Gwevu. A
term of contempt for an old man.
i-Gwevu, «. 2. (a) A blow struck with a
stick from below, which it is difficult to
ward off. (b) A subterfuge, mean device.
isi-Gwevu, «. 4. An old man; fem. isi-gwe-
viikazi; see Ngwcvu.
uku-Gwexa, v. t. To stir, = uku-Bexa; to
churn by shaking backwards and forwards.
V. i. To row, paddle, = uku-Gweqa.
in-Gwexa, n. 3. Something quite red, or
turning red.
Gwexe, interj. The sound of an axe being
sharpened on a stone.
uku-Gwexeza, v. t. To sharpen an axe on
a stone.
ukuti-Gwi, V. i. To miss by a hairbreadth ;
to pass near an object, without hitting it:
imbumbidu ite-gwi kiiyo inyamakazi, the bullet
passed close to the buck ; unikonto wati-gwi,
the spear cut (through the air) near one.
ukuti-Gwi, V. i. To be quite full.
i-Gwiba, n. 2. Shelter, corner, lee place ;
fig. precaution.
u-Gwidi, n. I. A bird resembling the
cuckoo.
uku-Qwija, v. t. To consume all by oneself,
whether food or drink, or another man's
portion.
u-Qwili, n. 5. A crowd of common, noisy
people, mob, rabble.
uku-Gwilika, v. i. To fall away, desert,
revolt, rebel, mutiny, apostatize; to be
disloyal.
um-Gwiliki, n. I. A revolter, deserter.
-Gwilita, n. 2. (a) "A species of bird, prob-
ably the Brown-hooded Kingfisher, Halcyon
albiventris {Scop.), (b) A handless, stupid
person.
To eat till one is satisfied;
uku-Gwenyulela, v. i. To do a thing super-
ficially.
uku-Gweqa, v. i. To row, paddle.
in-Qweqe, n. 3. A threatening, angry word ;
a repeated warning. ^
isi-Qwetsha, «. 4. A choleric person.
uku-Gweva, v. t. To buy diamonds illicitly.
u-Gweva, n. I. An illicit diamond-buyer.
in-Gweva yomganto, n. 3. A kind of bird,
probably the female of um-Ganio.
To assassinate ; = M^M-
and isi-Gwinta, n. 4.
= isi-Givcfita.
6. Thick, stiff porridge;
uku-Gwina, v. i.
cf. uku-Gwija.
uku-Gwinta, v.
Gwetita.
um-Gwinti, n.
An assassin ; =
um-Qwintsa,
= tun-Qa.
uku-Gwintsa, v. i. To hum, buzz, as a child's
nurse ; to cry or sing in a low tone.
— Gwintsilela, v. To commence to cry.
uku Qwiqa, v. i. = uku-Hlala.
ukuti-Qwiqi, v. i. To turn and go away
quickly.
— Gwiqigwiqi, x;. To swallow greedily;
= ukuti-Gangqagangqa. As adv. Very.
141
ow
Umlamho uzcle gwityi, the
ukuti-Gwityi, v. i.
river is very full.
N.B. For words beginning
in-Qx not found here, see under
X : ing-X or u-X.
u-Qxa, n. I, Ogxa bctii, persons of the same
age, time or generation, as ourselves.
ili-Qxa, M. 2. For the singular, i-Gxahiha is
generally used; pi. amngxa, shoulders:
habopa imitwalo, bayibckc cmagxcni abantu,
they bind burdens and lay them on men's
shoulders.
isi-Qxa, it. 4. A place at once stony and
bushy; euphem. for the private parts.
ulu-Gxa, n. 5. pi. izingxn. Any sharp pointed
stick or iron rod for digging roots or clay
with. Igqira lolugxa is a doctor who uses
medicinal plants; a herbalist.
ukuti Qxa, v. i. To step up sharply to a
person or place, v/ithout remaining there
to be hasty ; to pay a hasty visit : ndat'i-gxa
kiiye owatka ncun, I stepped up to him who
spoke with me.
i-Qxaba, n. 2. (a) Fray, broil, Tiot; = i-Xa-
bnno. (b) An old garment.
uku-Qxaba, v. t. To throw a wooden spear ;
to commence ploughing.
isi-Qxabo,«.4.] A sharp pointed stick,
u Oxabo, n. 5. 3 ^ ^
used by boys in fighting with each other
and thrown in the same manner as a
spear.
uku-Gxabagxabisa, v. t. To do or work
in haste.
in-GxabalaIa,«.3.] a great number of
u Gxabalaia, /(. 5. ) ^
people or cattle spread out.
in-Gxabanga, n. 3. The forked branch of a
tree or the fork in a branch.
in-GxabatshitshI, «. 3. T:\xm\A\.;-^in-Gxobo-
tshitshi.
isi Gxabe, ?(. 4- (a) Discord, (b) The part
of the back between the shoulders.
uku-Gxabelela, v. t. To throw a dirty thing
between clean things; to try to unite
heterogeneous things ; to interfere with and
spoil other people's work.
uku-Gxabuza, v. i. To splash in water, as
when one is crossing a stream, running
away from or being pursued by an enemy ;
to walk in the water and make it muddy;
fig. to cause discord, confusion (used first
of Mapasa in 1877, because he fought at
first against the Fingos and then cunningly
drew out of the conflict).
142
GX
i-Gxabuza, n. 2. A treacherous person;
used recently of refugees, fleeing for
shelter to a place of refuge, esp. to a
foreign country.
ubu-Gxabuza, ". 7. Defection, treachery.
ukuti-Gxada, w. To pay a hasty visit: yiti-
gxada paya, run quickly there and back
again ; = iikuti-Gxa.
ukuti-Gxadagxada, v. To go hither and
thither.
um-Gxadalala, n. i. A person of a good
size ; a giant.
uku-Gxadeka, v. To be under difficulties.
— Gxadazela, v. i. To reel, stagger, like a
drunken person, so as to fall forward.
— Gxadazelisa, v. To make to reel or
stagger.
uku-Gxagxa, v. i. To become reduced in
circumstances, poor and disorderly.
i-Gxagxa, n. 2. A rude, uncouth man ;
one of the lower order of Europeans who
works for a master as a day-labourer ; a
loafer; fig. a cur.
uku-Gxagxeka, v. To be in a poor, reduced
state.
uku Gxagxamlsa, v. i. To take long strides
in walking, lifting the feet up off the
ground, as if to avoid an apprehended
danger ; to give the body a kind of shock at
each step in walking ; to make long running
stitches in sewing.
in-Gxakangxaka, n. 3. The lying about of
many things, stones, etc., higgledy piggledy,
pell mell; fig. a state of disorder, negli-
gence and confusion.
ubu-Gxakagxaka, n. 7. Carelessness, dis-
order, negligence, confusion.
uku-Gxakaza, v. t. To do a thing careless-
ly, negligently, as opposed to ukn-
Cokisa ; cf. uku-Dlakaza ; to prepare for a
fight.
u-GxakwenJ, 7i. I. The Bar-throated
Warbler, Apalis thoracica (Shaw and Nod.)
isi-Gxala, n. 4. A red patch on a bilious
person; the red spot marking a flea-
bite; the cicatrix of small pox, or a wound
not yet healed; fig. iikuba ucsigxala, to feel
wounded in spirit.
uku-Gxalisa, v. To hurt or wound a
person's feelings,
uku-Gxaliseka, v. To feel wounded in
spirit ; to be offended.
i-Gxalaba, n. 2. Shoulder, shoulder-blade,
cf. ili-Gxa.
QX
uku-Gxalatelana, v. i. To walk as one in
haste, with an erect and haughty gait; to
be puffed up, haughty, boastful.
uku-Qxaleka, v. i. (a) To fall against an
object, so as to be driven back by it, and
impeded in progress, (b) To lose the way,
go astray, in walking or speaking; to
stray, ramble (in the forest).
in-Qxam, n. 3. The seed of um-Gxam.
um-Qxani, n. 6. The Boerbean, Schotia
latifolia Jacq., the rough bark of which is
used for dyeing red.
uku-Qxama, v. t. To intrude: uyazigxama,
he intermeddles, interferes.
i-Qxamesi, n. 2. A village dependent on
the chief place ; a cattle place at a distance
from the place of residence; an outpost,
outstation, farm.
ukuti Oxampu, v. i. To stamp in the water,
making it splash.
uku-Qxampiiza, v. i. To paddle in water,
wdde; cf. likuGxabuza,
in-QxamshoIo, n. 3. A tall person ; a giant.
in-GxanguIa, n. 3. A long pointed tooth, or
one with long pointed teeth.
in-Oxangxa, n. 3. A thing not nicely shaped
or built. Em. A mixture of cooked grain
and milk'= um-Vubo ; fig. a mixture of things
which should not be mixed together. The
children have a jingle characterising each
nation by its special food; um-Xosa nge-
ngxangxa, i-Mfeiigii ngompotulo, i-Kula
tigebanana, i-Lawu ngeketile, ijalimani nge-
tapile, um-Lungu ngedhiala.
in-Qxangxasi, n. 3. A waterfall, cascade.
uku Qxafa, v. i. To be broad-shouldered
and broad-chested.
i-Oxafa, n. 2. A person whose lower
limbs are very small, in proportion to the
upper part of his body.
um-Gxashe, n. 6. Beads worn on the head
and hanging down.
ubu-Qxatu, n. 7. The back, between the
shoulder blades.
in-Qxazangxaza, n. 3. A continuous down-
pour of rain.
Qxebe, adv. By the way, pray! if you
please! rather! I mean to say! (when
correcting a slip of the tongue) : utt-niiia
gxebef by the bye, what do you say? angat'i
nina gxebe iimntu iikutsho? pray, or well
now, how can any man say so? gxebe
benditshilo-na? well, did I really say so?
manditi gxebe, let me rather say! ndipe
gxebe, I pray you to give me! tnandiyekc
gxebe, let me give in rather ! (in quarrelling).
QX
i Gxebeka, n. 2 and 3. A spoon, ladle.
i-Gxebekusha, n. 2. A mean white.
i Qx.QgxeS\,-i Gxagxa.
uku-GXEKA, and uku-Gxekeza, v. t. To
deride, mock, scorn.
um-Qxekl, w. 1. A mocker, derider,
scorner.
i-Gxeke, n, 2. A stain, reproach.
in-Qxeki, n. 3. (a) A kind of bird, prob-
ably the Crov/ned lapwing, Stephanibyx
coronatus (Bodd.). (b) The left half of
an ox or bull's skin, made into a shield;
cf. u-Jilo.
isi-Qxekwa, v. 4. A laughing stock.
isi-Gxeko, w. 4. and u-Gxeko, n. 5.
Reproach.
uku-Qxelesha, v. i. To look out of the
corners of the eyes, to glance sideways.
— Gxeleshela, v. To take a side glance
at a person or thing; "to ogle: undigxele-
shela-nina ? why do you ogle me ?
u-Gxiba, n. 5. (a) A tall man; fern, ugxiba-
kazi. (b) A large quart bottle.
in-Gxibilil!, n. 3. Anything great or big of
its kind : ingxib'dili yomfo, a great big man.
i-Gxidolo, n. 2. An ill-dressed, slovenly,
poor person, cf. i-Gxagxa.
ubu-QxIdolo, «. 7- Low, mean, poor, vulgar
state ; slovenliness in dress and person.
in-Gxikela, n. 3. A great quantity ; some-
thing on a large scale : ir.gxikela yekonsati, a
big concert.
in-Gxikwane, n. 3. A large piece, bunch
of grass, heap of grain.
uku-Qxila, v. i. To grow sparsely, as a thin
crop of grain.
— Qxilana, )
— Gxilelana, J
another there; to stand with wide spaces
between.
in-Gxilimbela, ?^ 3. A tall man, a giant.
in-Gximba, «. 3. A band made of the trail-
ing stems of the wild vine.
i-Qxina, n. 2. Used mainly in the plural:
unamagxina = lUHimandla.
isi-Gxina, n. 4. That which one keeps at
constantly, e.g. a place, house, person,
etc., hence: duty, office, trust, headquarters:
ttstgxina sam, I do not part from him, I
stick to him, I trust in him without waver-
ing; a stated portion or share. (When one
has been given a present, e.g. a leg of
mutton, he shows his friendship, duty
(isigxina), by giving in return a present of
equal value).
To grow one here.
ox
ax
«. 3-
um-QxJna, n. 6. Assegai-wood, Curtisia fa-
ginea Aitoii.
uku-Qxisha, v. i. To put one foot behind the
other, imitating, as boys do, the galloping
of horses.
i-Qxiya, n. 2. A name applied to the Black-
winged Plover, Stephanibyx melanopterus
(Crets.) and the Crowned Lapwing, S.
coronatus (BoJd.J, from their cries.
in-Qxizakwe, «. 3. Anything long and seem-
ingly endless in duration.
uku-Uxoba, v. t.
— Gxobagxoba,
by stirring it up with the feet; to paddle in
water.
i-Oxob6, «. 2, um-Qxob6, «. 6, and um-
Gxobdzo, II. 6. A swampy piece of
ground ; a bog, marsh.
uku-Gxobagxobeka, v. To be stirred:
wagxobagxobeka uinvaiuicdiva wa/n, my
sorrow was stirred.
um-Qxobo, H. 6. An aromatic shrub.
in-Qxobonga, n. 3. A pick.
in-Qxobongo, and in-Qxobongwani
A disease which pits the skin like smallpox
and causes miscarriage.
in-Qxob6tshane, w. 3. A clattering, noisy
conversation, confusion, boasting, hectoring.
in-Qxobdtshitshi, «. 3. Hubbub, tumult.
uku-Qxoga, r. t. To throw something into
a bush, so as to arouse a liidden bird or
head of game, and cause it to break cover;
to throw with violence at one who is near;
to kick as a cow does when she puts her
foot into the milk-pail.
ukuti-CJxoge, v. t. To stab with a blunt in-
strument; with much the same meaning as
tiku-Gxoga.
ukuti-Qxogxe, v. i. To keep oneself wrapped
up: wati-gxogxe kivingubo, he kept himself
wrapped up in a garment ; fig. to persist in ;
to abide by what one has spoken: wall
gxogxc kivintcto, he stuck to what he said.
ukuti-Uxoko, V. i. To put the hand into the
pocket with a rustling noise.
i-(jxokogxoko, «. 2. A wretched, desolate,
dilapidated hut ; dimin. igxokogxokwana.
in-Qxokolo, n. 3. A vast number of things,
men, cattle, houses, etc., together.
ukuQxoIoxa, v. i. (a) To feed as cattle do
near a kraal or house about sunset, (b) To
investigate, (c) To mock, tease.
isi-Qxoloxwana, «. 4. An ornament.
in-Qxonde, w. 3. A refuge.
in-Qxondora, n. 3. A precipitous, rugged
hill or mountain ; a refuge. |
uku-GXOT'A, Vi t. To drive away, put to
flight: gxotii utshaba, drive the enemy away.
— Gxoteka, v. To be driven away : igusha
ezigxotekileyo, sheep which have been
driven away; inkumbi azigxoteki, the lo-
custs will not be driven away.
— Gxotela, v. To drive away to.
— Qxotisa, V. To continue to drive away
for a long time.
in-Qxovungxovu, ;/. 3. A blusterer.
in-Gxoxe, ;/. 3. Noise.
To make water muddy \ i-Gxuba, n. 2. Rough, lean appearance of
cattle, with hair standing erect from sick-
ness, cold or hunger; leanness.
u-Gxiiba, n. 5. A large drove of animals
(swine, etc.).
um-Gxube, w. 6. A species of tree, with
edible berries about the size of a pea.
u-Gxudululu, n. 5. A number of cattle, etc.
walking together; a drove.
i-Gxugesha, h. 2. A roughly sewn kaross;
a swelling, a puffed-up thing,
uku-Qxugxa, Em. = nkn-Xugxa.
uku Gxukugxa, z^. /. To shake; to gargle;
~ ukit-Xiikuxa.
ukuti-GXUKU, v. i. To be loose, puckered,
pouched.
i-Gxukugxuku, w. 2. A pucker in a gar-
ment; a pouch in a blouse.
ubu Gxukugxuku, n. 7. Looseness (of
bark); shakiness, want of firmness; un-
evenness, roughness, as when a mudfloor,
which was formerly even or smooth, has
been broken up and made uneven by rain
or otherwise; fig. unsettledness.
in-Gxukuma, «. 3. A corpulent person.
uku-Gxukuza, v. t. To loosen, break up a
road or soil, as is done by a vehicle passing
over a newly made road which is still soft.
— Oxukuzela, v. Of a rider, to heave up
and down on a trotting horse; of a
corpulent person, to heave up and down
in walking.
uku-Gxula, v:t. To beat or drive game into
a trap.
i-GxuIu, n. 2. A hidden thing or matter.
in Gxuluba, w. 3. (a) The passage between
two armies, (b) Afterpains of labour.
uku-Qxulusha, v. t. To conceal a thing by
putting it under the clothes or under the
arm; to slide the hand into the pocket; to
slip tobacco or fruit into the mouth, without
being seen; to go without being seen; to
mask.
ama-Qxulusha, «. 2. />/. A disguise: wenza
I44
GX
amagxulusha, he disguised himself; lahla
amagxulusha, pull off the mask, be straight-
forward.
in-Gxumbungxumbu, n. 3. Great disorder,
irregularity, confusion.
ukuti-GXUME, ) , T J • * 1
uku-Gxumeka, j ^- ^- To drive a stake or
pole into the ground ; to fix an umkonto in
the ground.
uku-Gxumekeka, v. To be fixed, stuck
fast.
uku-Gxumekela, v. To fix for.
uku-Gxumleka, v. t. To mock with words
in jesting.
in-Gxungula, «. 3. A thrower down.
u-Gxununu, n. l. A species of bird.
llkll-'il^rpEVeka, } - '■• To plunge into,
to partake of food without being asked ; to
eat the food of others, or eat in an un-
becoming manner; to be impertinent; to
meddle with matters one has no call to.
Gxupugxupu. adj. Irregular, uneven, un-
balanced, e.g. having one leg much longer
than the other.
in-Gxushane, n. 3. Din, disturbance, quar-
relling.
ukuti-Gxushu, v. t. To shove or rub away
with the feet; to kick a little; to hide for
preservation; to plough in order to establish
a claim to land : ibala uzitelc-gxnshu kulo, he
ploughed the place and kept it for himself.
in Gxushungxushu, n. 3. Din, tumult.
ukuti-Gxwa, 0: i. To be amidst strang|
surroundings; to have come or be put
between : igusha zam zite-gxwa kwezinye, my |
GX
sheep have got mixed up with others; to
fall suddenly into a hole.
in-Gxwabilili, «. 3. A large herd of
animals feeding together.
uku-Gxwagxusha, v. t. To dash or pursue
constantly ; to scold, bully ; to fight with
words.
ukuti-Qxwagxwa, v. L To be dotted here
and there (huts, villages).
i-Gxwakugxwaku, «. 2. = i-Gxiikugxuku.
in-Gxwaia, n. 3. A soft, white stone which
women and circumcised boys pound and
smear their faces with.
uku-Oxwala, r. t. (a) To bellow, as cattle
when excited in fighting, or when throwing
up the ground at the place where one has
been slaughtered; to weep aloud; to mock.
Phr. wamgxwala ngentsini, he laughed very
much at him ; ukugxwala emswaneni, to cry
old news, to carry coals to Newcastle,
(b) IK i. To rust: intsimhi igxwalile, the
iron is rusty ; amazimba agxwalile, the Kafir-
corn has mildew.
u Gxwal' intloko, n. l. A strong horse.
ama-Gxwala, n. 2. pi. Used in the phrase:
ukutya kumagxwala, the food is ripening.
u-Gxwalo, w. 5- Bellowing,
isi-Gxwalala, n. 4, A person with red hair
or beard ; fig. one red with anger.
i-Gxwanana, n. 2. The Fiscal shrike, Lanius
collaris L., = i-Nxanxadi.
ubu-Qxwayiba, n. 7. Uncultivated country,
overgrown with bushes and trees.
iloxwlmii, ] «• 2- A squinting, cross-eyed
person.
in-Gxwenga, n. 3. A long, tall person.
H
Hin Kafir is always pronounced with a
stronger aspiration than the English k
in hard, hand, and resembles rather the
German h in hauen, to beat. In the combi-
nation /// it sounds like the Welsh //.
Nouns of class 3, formed from verbs begin-
ning with hi change the h into t after the
prefix in-, e.g. intlalo from ukiihlala. Nouns of
class 5, whose stems begin with /;/, similarly
change the h into t in the plural : e.g. uhlobo
plur. intlobo.
HS! (The aspiration is very light and the
vowel short) interj. denoting exultation.
Aha: hd, hil, hd, izikali zika-R'arabe! Aha.1
the weapons of R'arabe! (the warcry of
the Gaikas).
Ha! interj. The cry of a wagon driver to stop
his team.
ukuti-Ha, v. t. To destroy utterly; to finish,
make an end of: impi yama-Xosa ittwe-hd
yeyama-Ngesi, the Kafir army was com-
pletely routed and destroyed by the English
army.
u-Ha! interj. of sorrow. Woe! misfortune!
loss! destruction! there is the loss I told
you of! see also Yeha!
HA
um-Haba, n. 6. A large baboon.
tiabahaba! iittcrj. It is a lie, a yarn!
u-Habahaba, n. i. A very large garden; an
exceedingly capacious granary; an in-
satiable person; fig. one who does not
listen, who is not easily convinced.
isi-Habalala, w. 4. That which is very wide.
uku-Habela, v. i. To go beyond the place
where one intended to go; to go astray:
tvahamba wada wahabda, he went so far as
not to know where he was; to speak so
much as not to know what one speaks.
i-HABiLE, «. 3. Oats, from Du. haver.
u-Hadi H, 5. plur. ihadi. A bowlike stringed,
musical instrument; the string of horse-
hair is stretched on a wooden bow attached
by its middle to a calabash which serves as
a sound-box. The string is struck with a
stalk of coarse grass (mnchiga); a piano,
harmonium.
um-Hadi, n. 6. A deep pit.
uku-Hagala, v. i. To grow old: ndiliagdc,l
am very old; imini ihagelc, the day is
coming to an end.
i-HAGU, n. 3. The domestic pig; Eng. hog.'
u-Haka, n. l. One who keeps chattering on,
without talking sense ; = H-Pw/zi-.
ukuti-Hala, v. i. To call, to raise the warcry.
u-Halahala, «. I. A hooter.
i-Halahala, n. 2. Insatiable dQsire.: iinchala-
hala, he has a desire that cannot be satis-
fied.
ubu-Halahala, «. 7. Haste, hurry, precipi-
tancy; sudden excitement.
Halala! intcrj. of joy and triumph: halala,
bantu bakowdu! well done, dear friends if
halala! yatwasa inyanga! a joyful exclama-
tion on seeing the new moon; halala!
pambili! ilanga liyatshona! On! on! the sun
is setting! (the shout of the hoers encourag-
ing themselves to work).
uku-Halalisa, v. To shout halala! when
the animal intended for the marriage
feast bellows in being slaughtered; to
exhort the bride how to behave in her
new estate, which is done by the married
women.
imi-Hali, n. 6. pi. Dog's excrement.
Haluhaiu! Song of praise among Kafirs.
uku-HAMB"A, v. i. To go, walk, journey,
travel, advance, proceed forward: masi-
hambe ngalendlda, let us go this way; to
flow: amanzi ayahamba ctnfnlcni, the water
flows (moves forth) in the valley, v. t. To
travel over; bawahamba amazwe, they
146
HA
travelled over many countries; fig. iiitloko
ya/:e iyahainba, he is not right in his
mind; ukuhainb' umziinba, to shudder;
nkiihamba ncnkazana, euphem. for uku-
Pimisa. Phr. koda kufike abahamba ngam-
lenzaua-mnye, lit. till the arrival of those
who walk with one leg, i.e. even those who
walk on one leg will at length arrive,
w. 8. Walking, conduct : ukuhamba kwake
ktibi, his manner of walking is awkward ; fig.
his conduct is improper.
um-Hambi, n. 1. A traveller, sojourner,
pilgrim.
i-Hamb6, «. 3. Walking: tdye hanibo title,
may you have a pleasant journey; in a
moral sense : conduct, behaviour.
isi-Hambd, n. 4. The purpose, aim of
journeying or walking.
u-Hanib6, n. 5. Journey, walk: tihambo
lomhainb'i, the Pilgrim's Progress.
ubu-Hambi, n. 7. Pilgrimage.
uku-Hambahamba, v. To go about from
place to place, to and fro.
um-Hambahambi, //. l. A wanderer,
vagrant; one who has no settled abode;
cf. i-R'atyiiratyu.
uku-Hambeka, v. To possess the quality
of moving, going, etc. : inyanga yinto dia-
tnbekayo, the moon is a moving thing.
— Hambela, v. To go for another, or for a
certain purpose; to visit: ndihambda
ubawo, I go to see my father ; ababi sam-
hambda, they visited him no more or no
longer; sihambda entabeni, we are going
towards the mountain; iiyazihambda, he
goes on his own account; umntwana sde-
kwazi ukuzihambda, the child is already
able to walk alone.
— Hambelana, v. To go towards or visit
each other.
— Hambisa, v. To cause to walk, go or
move forward; to proceed further, for-
ward: hambisa inqwelo, move on the
wagon; hamb'isani ezindaba, spread these
tidings; hambisa ekuteteni kwako, go on,
proceed with your speech; to wind up a
watch. Phr. hambisa ktiye, take this to
him, or put this before him, as food.
Used adverbially: wahambisa watt, further
or again he said.
— Hambiseka, v. To be going foi-ward ; to
be moving: utnhlaba uyahambiseka, the
earth is in motion. (All Kafirs believe
the earth to be stationary).
n. 8. ukuhambiscka kwdizwi lika-Ttxo,
the propagation of God's word.
HA
— Hambisela, v. To cause to go or move
for a certain purpose or to a certain
place or person : umliamhiscle imali pantsi,
bribe him.
i-Hamham, n. 2. Anything very light in
weight, also applied to bread that has
risen well.
u-Hamlomo, n. I. One who keeps his mouth
wide open ; one who is insatiable ; an eel.
uku-Hanahanisa, v. i. To pretend to be
doing a thing; to act inconsistently, hy-
pocritically ; to play the hypocrite.
um-Hanahanisi, n. i. A hypocrite.
isi-Hanahaniso,« 4.) Hypocrisy.
u-Hanahaniso, w. 5. j ^^ ^
ubu-Hanahanisi, n. J. Hypocrisy.
isi-Handiba, n. 4. A large subject; a long
(law) case ; a mighty, great, eminent, res-
pectable, rich man.
ubu-Handiba, n. 7. Greatness, might, honour,
riches.
Hanewu! interj. A driver's shout to his
oxen, calling them to stop or stand still,
isi-Hange, n. 4. A robber, murderer.
isi-Hanqe, ?/. 4. Public: esihaiiqcni, in public
(meeting), or before the judge.
i-Hasa, n. 2. Old food (corn) of former
yeai's.
i-Hashe, n. 2. (a) A horse; dimin. ihashana,
a little horse ; fem. ihashekazi. Abatnahashe,
horsemen, (b) The Red-necked little
bittern, Ardetta payesi (Hart.), so called
because it cries like a horse.
isi-Hashe, w. 4 Collective, a herd of horses.
i-HSsiie, w. 2. Orig. the natural impurity of
newborn infants, believed to arise from
an internal swelling, of which they had to
be purified by enchanted medicines, when
the rite of ukupehlelela was performed, by
saying: Hashe, Hdshe! while swinging a
newborn child through the smoke of unt-
Nukamb'iba ; cf. uku-Pehlelela. Tubercle,
scrofula ; pain from an old wound ; pus ; an
abscess; others: a bilious attack, a kind of
running fever ; ihashe elingwevu, syphilis.
Hauhau ! interj. Bow-wow ! the bark of a
dog.
uku-Haula, v. i. To be greedy, voracious.
isi-Haula, n. 4. A devourer, glutton;
bandit, highwayman.
u-Haya, «. 5. Something beyond the
ordinary limit: izono ziluhaya, the sins are
great; tikutya kuluhaya, food is abundant.
Others say ii-Waya.
Hayil interj. (a) A decided negative. No!
uya kuya-na ? hayi ! will you go ? no ! Phr.
Hg
xasiti 'hayi' kunye, fan'uhiba kuko umniu
onencwadi kutl, when we both say 'no'
together, it is likely that someone has a
letter for one of us. (b) At the commence-
ment of a sentence it is a strong
affirmative: hayi, wena ndoda, uburoti bakd
bukulu ! O man, thy courage is great ! hayi,
ukutandeka kweminquba yako ! how lovely
are thy tabernacles !
He I hike! hejel interj. of approbation of
praise. Well ! right ! good 1 well done !
Heha, interj. of sorrow; properly Yeha!
ukuti-Hehele, v. t. To beat, crack on the
head.
u-Hehema, w. 5. Anything big and wide, such
as a wide shallow dish ; used as adj. : uliehe-
ma Iwendlu, a big, wide house; uhehema
Iwefatyi, a big cask ; uhehema Iwesitya soku-
hlanibcla, a laver.
uku-Heheza, v. i. Of a man or a dog, to
breathe heavily or pant rapidly after run-
ning; cf. uku-Befuza.
— Hehezela, v. To run eagerly with a
story as soon as one has heard it, and to
tell it to others without having been
deputed for that purpose.
Hejel Heke ! = //?.'
i-Hekeheke, «. 2.
person.
uku-Hekeza, v. i.
walk foolishly.
uku-Heketeka, v. i
-uku-Yeketeka.
uku-Hela, v. t. To keep aloof from or walk
past at a distance; put aside, far away;
not to do what one inten.ied to do.
ukuba-Hele, v. i. To be light, that is, not
close aud oppressive ; to become breezy and
cool; niakube-hcle ! may there be alleviation,
that is, from this affliction ; cf. Camagti.
ukuti-Hele, ■:>./. To beat.
isi-Hele, n. 4. A very broad assegai ; = «/-
Nkempe.
isi-Helegu, n. 4. An event which is both
wonderful and calamitous; a catastrophe ;
cf. isi-Manga.
uku-Helema, v. i. To keep aloof, either from
fear or laziness.
— Helemisa, v. To cause keeping aloof.
Hememe I interj. Used in crying over some-
thing, or in blaming someone for a
misfortune. You'll catch it 1 I'll tell my
mother ! = Qayibebe.
i-Hemhem, n. 2. An unstable person; a
coward.
i-HEMPE, rt. 3. A shirt, fr. Du. hemp.
147
A thoughtless, foolish
To laugh or talk or
To be sleepy, drowsy >
HE
i-Hemu, n. 2. The Crowned crane, Balearica
regulorum (Benn.J, so called from its cry.
uku-HENDA, r. i. To cause to do evil; to
tempt (in a bad sense) : u-Sataim wamhenda
It Eva, watt makadlc, Satan tempted Eve to
eat.
um-Hendi, n. l. A tempter ; the devil.
isi-Hendo, ii. 4. A temptation.
ii-Hendo, u. 5. The act of tempting.
um-Hendo, «. 6. The act of tempting
(very similar to isihcndo, not so abstract
as iihendo).
uku-Hendahenda, v. To tempt hard.
— Hendeka, r. To yield to temptation.
— Hendekela, r. To yield to temptation
for or to.
u-Hengele, n. 5. A cattle disease similar to
lungsickness.
i Henyu, «. 2. A lascivious, lewd, lustful,
sensual person; femin. ihcityitkazi.
ubu-Henyu, n. 7. Whoredom, wantonness,
lewdness.
uku-Henyuza, v. i. To play the harlot,
commit fornication.
isi-Henyuzo, «. 4. ^ u • .^- ,
^ > Fornication, whore-
u-Henyuzo, n. 5. J
dom.
uku-Henyuzana, v. To play the harlot
with.
— Henyuzisa, v. To make another commit
fornication, to lead into whoredom.
uku-Hesha, v. i. To make signs with the
hands, or wink with the eyes to a person,
either to come or to go away without
speaking.
uku-HEULA, i;. /. Em. (a) To rob. (b) To
seduce ; ravish, violate.
isi-Heula, v. 4. (a) ■= isi-Hauge. (b) A
violated girl, (c) The band of women
who go wailing to the kraal of the
young man who has violated one of
their number, and who claim the fine,
generally two goats or sheep, which they
kill and eat on their return home.
i-Hewu, n. 2. A flat tract of country, a
plain. See App. I.
uku-Hexa, v. i. To wave as a cornfield, or
reeds, in a strong wind ; fig. to . stagger
like a drunken or palsied T-nnn: i it'oko iya-
hcxa, his head waggles from side to side
(like an idiot).
— Hexela, r. To fall helplessly towards an
object or place: iihcxcJe cliidakaii, he
staggered or fell into the mud.
— Hexisa, v. To make to reel or stagger.
148
HE
Heyi! intcrj. to call attention. There it is!
Catch !
Hi ! inter j. ! of exultation. It is sung after
a battle is over, or after a buck has been
killed by hunters: ///.' we are victorious.
HI I interj. in raising an objection or excep-
tion : hi, tikuba, what (is it tobedone)if;
hi, kwasweleka isihlauu himaliingisa, perad-
venture there shall lack five righteous.
isi-Hiba, n. 4. A silly, stupid person; one
without understanding ; an idiot ; fool,
jester, clown.
ubu-Hiba n. 7. Silliness, jesting.
uku-Hibaza, v. i. To rove or stroll about
doing nothing.
uku-Hila, To come upon one suddenly, =
ukti-Baqa.
ukuti-HILI, V. i. To be stupefied or confused:
intloko yam ite-hili, I am not right in
my head ; I have got confused.
i-Hilihili, n. 2. A foolish, unsteady person
who runs thoughtlessly about, guided by
no certain principle of conduct ; one who
does and speaks unseemly, improper and
foolish things.
ubu-Hllihill, n. 7. Thoughtlessness, fool-
ishness, unsteadiness, want of principle,
roving about.
uku-Hiliteka, v. To become stupid; to
be confused, bewildered.
isi-Hilito, tt. 4, Confusion.
uku-Hiliza, v. i. To go about from place
to place aimlessly; to act thoughtlessly,
without reference to what is right; to
dawdle over one's work; to be unsteady,
unreliable in work or conduct; not to
continue in or abide by a business.
— Hilizeia, z;. To neglect: uyalihilizela ili-
swi lika-T'txo, he neglects to hear or obey
the word of God.
— Hillzisa, V. To distract, confound; to
cause unsteadiness.
Hi-na I hina-nje 1 interj. Hallo ! is it so !
who knows! why! Hinanibantwatta! Hallo,
you children, you fellows!
ukuti-Hiya = ukuti-Hili.
uku-HLA (ukw-lhia), tJ. /. To come down,
descend : wchla entabeni, he came down from
the mountain; indawo ehlayo, a descent;
fig. to happen, come to pass, meet with ; to
come over one; to befall : lento ihle uinina?
when did this happen? wahliwa yilengozi,
he met with this accident ; akwehla-ni,
nothing happened ; selehle intliziyo, he was
disappointed, broken hearted; yehV intlekele !
what a disaster has happened! Phr. ktihla
HL
ngamqala mnye, lit. it goes down by one
and the same throat, i.e. throats are all alike
in swallowing ; what is sauce for the goose
is sauce for the gander; yehla indaba,
history was made that day.
As aux. it expresses the adverbial mean-
ing : soon, quickly, at length; wohV
uqonde, thou wilt soon understand ; yohehle
ipele, it will soon be at an end ; sihehle sa-
nxama, we were too hasty ; inkabi engatsaliyo
ubehle utengise ngayo, a bullock which does
not pull, you soon sell ; aze ahle abe nako
ukuteta, and be able quickly to speak.
The difference in meaning in the two
following sentences should be noted : cela
uxolo hi Pato ngokuba uyahihla akumangalelc,
ask pardon from Pato because he will soon
sue you ; cela uxolo ku Pato ngokuha angahle
akumatigalele, ask pardon from Pato
because he may sue you, i.e. lest he sue
you.
isi-Hlo, and ise-Hlo, n. 4. Event, adven-
ture, chance.
izi-Hloyihlo, n. 4. pi. Various events.
uku-Hleka, v. Into ehlekayo, a thing which
has happened. (This form is not to be
confounded with uku-Hleka, to laugh).
isi-Hleko, n. 4. An event.
uku-Hlela, v. To fall or descend upon,
i.e. to happen to one : lento yamhlela, or
wahlelwa yilento, this thing happened to
him ; nanto-ni yakumhlela, when or when-
ever anything happened to him. (To
be distinguished from uku Hlela, to
separate.)
isi-Hlelo, «. 4. Fate, lot, destiny.
uku-Hleleleka, v. To be lowered in cir-
cumstances ; to become poor, impover-
ished ; to despair.
uku-Hlisa, or ukw-Ihlisa, v. To let down,
as a cow lets down her milk : to lower.
in-Tliso, n. 3. The letting or coming
down ; the fall of a river.
uku-Hlisela, To incur ; to draw or bring
upon : wazihlisela isifo, he caught sickness.
uku-HIa, V. i. Only used in the locative
ekuhleni, ngokusehihleni, as adv. Openly,
publicly, clearly, in open daylight, with-
out reserve. It is not to' be confounded
with ekuhleni, in descending. Cf. uku-Sa 1.
um-HIa, w. 6. A day of twenty-four hours;
a date, point of time ; ngomhla, on, at, in or
during the day : ngomhla endandulukayo, on
the day I departed ; ngemihla, in, at, on, or
during the days; ngemihla or emihleni ka-
HL
Ngqika, in the days of Gaika; itnihla nge-
mihla, day by day, daily; imihla kamihla,
customary ; amadinga amhlcni nabaptizwayo,
the promises you made at the time you
were baptized. Phr. umhlam u-Ngqika, an
oath used by Kafirs: ndingeyenzi lento,
umhlam u-Ngqika, I swear I have not done
that which I am accused of.
From this word are derived the following
adverbs: —
Mhla, mhlana, mhleni, mhlenikweni,
tnhlezinikweni, the day that, i.e. when;
jnhlana wetnkayo, when he left; mhleni-
kweni ivafudukayo, when he left home to
live elsewhere.
Mhlaumbi, mhlayimbi, lit. another day;
perhaps, or.
Namhia, namhla-nje, to-day; nanatnhla,
even to-day; unanamhla, till this day;
umhla wanamhla, the day of to-day.
Mhlamnene, the day on which one did or
said something for the first time, once
upon a time, one fine day.
Mhla lowo, seldom: lento ihla mhla lowo,
this seldom happens.
i-Hlaba, n. 2. The ground scraped out by a
dog, antbear, or man; gravel.
um-Hlaba, n. 6. The earth, the land, in
opposition to the sea ; the soil, ground.
uku-HLABA, v. t. pass, hlatywa. (a) To stab,
wound, pierce with a sharp instrument:
wa77ihlaba amahlanza amatatu, he stabbed
him three times (holding the spear in his
hand, not hurling it) ; to prick as thorns; to
clean out a pipe-stem with a wire, etc. ; to
thrust or gore with pointed horns: inkomo
imhlabile emlenzeni, the cow gored him in the
leg ; to wound mortally ; to kill : inkomo zihla-
tywa ngomkbnto, cattle are killed with a spear;
to stitch, sew: asinamntuuhlabapakatikufule-
Iw.j indlu, we have no one to sew inside
when the house is to be thatched; fig. to
prick, give pain: isilonda siyandihlaba, the
sore gives me pain ; to hit, strike, reach, im-
press : ilizwi lako lindihlabile, thy word has
struck me; attiazwi ka-Tixo ahlaba intliziyo,
God's words alarm the feelings, make im-
pressions, awaken the heart ; to mark out a
land, as with a plough: ivahlabautndawayae-
Shikron, the border was marked to Shikron ;
to criticize.
Ukuhlaba umkonto is an essential part of
the marriage ceremony. The bride carrying
an assegai enters the cattle-kraal and
thrusts the assegai into the ground in the
centre of the kraal.
(b) To divine, augur, find out: igqira
lihlabile, the doctor brought to light (the
149
HL
hidden charms) ; hlnha umkosi, alarm the
warriors; sound the warcry, call to arms;
tidahlaba izikalt zaiu, I marked my spears
(by making notches in the iron with the
in- Tlabo).
i-Hlaba, «. 2. (a) Sow thistle, (b) A species
of aloe, smaller than nnihlUba.
i-Hlab'a, «. 2. A severe pain in the side, as
of pleurisy; a stitch; inflammation of the
lungs: unehlaha csifiiboii, he has a stitch
in the chest.
i-HIaba-nkomo, n. 2. (a) Generic name for
swifts, = i-Hla-ukfltuo. (b) Wood that
sticks out in the fold and pierces the
cattle.
in-Tlaba mkosi, //. 3. War-cry.
in-TIaba, n. 3. Any instrument for piercing
with; a chisel, an awl.
isi-Hlaba, n. 4. Woody, flat places near
the river or sea; a quicksand; a place
where aloes grow.
isi-Hlabo, «. 4. Oracle, vaticination.
um-Hiaba, «. 6. Aloe supralsevis Haw,
used as an aperient; it is made more
pungent by mixing the dried and pounded
leaves with snuff.
um-HIaba ngubo, //. 6. Lit. the garment
piercer. Black jack, Bidens pilosa L., a
troublesome weed which clings to the
garments of a passer-by.
uku-Hlabana, v. To stab, pierce, etc.,
each other.
— Hlabanisa, v. To set or urge bulls to
fight each other: uhlabanisa iiikuiisi, you
are urging bulls to fight ; to let go dogs
from the line to catch the game ; fig. to
go straight at a thing; to be steady or
determined in doing things; to speak the
truth at once.
— HIabanisela, r. (a) To throw a stick
at a beast or person for the purpose of
driving it or him back, and to cause the
point of it accidentally to enter the bone
or flesh: miimhlabaiiiscle, I have hurt him
with the point of my stick; fig. to hurt
or offend one : uiiiUhlabnniscle, you have
hurt or offended me.
(b) If a buck, pursued by many dogs,
passes a man who does not own any of
the pursuing dogs, and the man throws
a stick at the buck and pierces its flesh,
he shouts : ndiyililaba/tisclc ckohlo, I have
wounded it with the point of my stick on
the left side. If he takes it away from
15
HL
the dog that had caught it before the
owner of that dog arrives on the scene,
he says: ndiyibungcile ; cf. uku Biingca.
— HIabeka, v. To be cut, stabbed: yahla-
hckn inkabi, the ox was stabbed; to be
pricked : bahlabcka ezintliziyweni, they
were cut in their hearts ; to have the
quality of cutting, pricking, etc.: intlabo
ayihlabeki, the chisel does not cut, i.e.
is blunt.
— Hlabela, v. (a) To stab for: samhlabela
Hole, we killed a calf for him. (b) To
call to arms; to strike up a tune; to
lead a choir; to give one secretly to
understand.
um-Hlabeli, n. I. ) .
in-Tlabeli, «. 3. i ^ precentor.
in-Tlabelo, n. 3. (a) A song, piece of
music, (b) The first speaker at a meeting;
fig. the foot-marks of game in the bush.
um-Hlabelo, ti. 6. A medicinal plant used
for a sprain or a broken limb.
uku-Hlablsa, v. To cause or help to stab,
kill, etc.
uku-Hlababisa, v. t. To speak disparagingly
of one : kute-nina seuhlababisa tigam-nje ku-
Hciiry, kanti lento iiyitetayo besiyigqibile,
why did you speak disparagingly of me to
Henry with the object of wounding and in-
juring me, seeing that we have finished the
matter you speak of.
isi HIabane, h. 4. Stalks of maize or Kafir-
corn, which shoot out at the side of the
principal stalk, and whose fruit does not
ripen, or ripens later than that of the
principal; the after or second harvest ; fig.
the people that remained over in the
cattle-killing mania of 1856-7: nina nisisi-
hlabane sabangasckoyo, you are the offshoot
or remainder of those who are dead.
i-Hiabati,' M. 2. (a) Earth thrown out of an
excavated pit. (b) The world, as a whole.
uku-Hlafuna, v. t. To chew, masticate.
in-Tlaf ano, n. 3. The temple of the head ;
the jawbone; the muscle which moves in
chewing.
isi-Hlafuno, n. 4. That which is chewed.
uku-Hlafunisa, v. To feed: ndihlafunise
isonka cndisiiniselweyo, feed me with the
bread appointed for me.
um HIagela, n. 6. The Bastard White Iron-
wood, Cyclostcmon argutus Mull.
uku-HLAHLA, TJ. /. (a) To open a forest or
road by cutting down or chopping off'
bushes ; to cut down reeds or stalks of corn :
hlihla ihlai'i, cut down the wood or forest ;
HL
to cut up a slaughtered bullock into joints:
hlahla inyama, cut up the meat, (b) To
levy a fine ; ukuhlahla iinpi, to raise an
army ; ukuhlahla ahantu, to appoint certain
people; to pay with: uahlahla tukoino, he
paid with cattle. Phr. hlahla iniloya, bring
something worth hearing or knowing.
i-HlahIa, w. 2. (a) A shrub, small bush; a
branch of a tree with twigs and leaves
attached: hlahla amahlahla aloinit, cut
down the branches of this tree; hlahla
amahlahla okubiya, cut down bushes for
fencing; dimin.: ihlahlana and ihlahla-
nyana. (b) Strife, quarrel, fight.
in-TlahIa, «. 3. A fresh, bright, healthy
appearance, indicative of health and
beauty; bloom of youth; fine country,
bush, grove, thicket; brushwood, twigs,
topping of a tree.
isi-Hiahia, 11. 4. (a) Payment, i.e. penalty.
(b) A shrub, a very small piece of bush,
a clump of trees.
isi-hilahla, n. 4. The human wrist; the
fetlock of an animal ; fig. a tangible proof
of guilt, something which can be used as
evidence in a case or law suit; isihlahla
senteto, the pith or gist of a speech.
um-Hlahla-makwaba, n. 6. Bridelia micra-
ntha Plan.
um-HiahIo, H. 6. A garden in the bush.
uku-Hlahlana, v. To divide: mahahlahlaue
abantu, let the people (sitting all together
at a meeting or feast) divide into small
parties so that they may see, hear or eat
properly.
— Hlahleka, v. To be cut down and
cleared away, as jungle, trees or bushes
on forest land.
— Hlahlela, v. (a) To cut down, chop for,
at, upon: inyama woyihlahlcla apa, chop
the meat here ; (b) to pay a fine to or for
wamhlahlela inkomo, he paid him a fine
with cattle.
in-Tlahlela, n. 3. The first fruit; a principal
one by birth; a great genius; a dis-
tinguished, excellent person.
uku-Hlahlisa, v. To compel to pay c
penalty; to value, estimate.
uku-Hlahlamba, v. i. To cry very loud
from pain, as a child, n^ 8. Crying: hive
ukuhlahlamba kwam, hear my cry.
um-Hiahle, n. 6. A fibrous plant; any
plant yielding fibres.
um-Hlahlo, n. 6. A meeting ordered by
chief in case of siqkness, to find put by
HL
divination and the dancing of a witch-
doctor the person suspected of causing
the sickness. Phr. uinhlahlo ngamehlo, the
ubutl is seen by the people.
ukuti-Hlaka, v. i. To be spread. Adv. Very
much.
i-HIakani, n. 2. Em. A man who carries the
medicine bag of a Kafir doctor; a cunning,
crafty, artful person.
uku-Hlakdnipa, r. i. To speak without
fear; to be forward, quick, precocious; to
be alwaj^s ready to gain one's purpose even
by other than laudable means ; to be
shrewd, artful, cunning : umntu ohlakanipilc-
yo, a shrewd, forward person; to be on
one's guard; to look out: Uakanipa! take
care!
um-Hlakanipi, ;/. i. A wise, sagacious,
shrewd, skilful person.
ubu-HIakanipa, n. 7. Shrewdness, cun-
ning, craftiness.
uku-Hlakanipela, v. To be watchful
against a snare or a dangerous place or an
untrustworthy man: mhlakanipele lomntu,
beware of that man.
— Hlakanlpisela, v. To make sharp,
watchful, artful, crafty for.
u-Hlakanyana, ;/. I. A fabulous person
who figures in the intsomi as one who often
did the wrong thing, but displayed a cer-
tain amount of resource; he spoke at his
very birth; hence a clever, sagacious
person; fig. the jackal.
uku-Hlakaza, v. t. (a) To spread abroad,
scatter, disperse: ama-Babcli azihlakazile
izizwe zama-Siraycli, the Babylonians dis-
persed the tribes of Israel, (b) To make
known, reveal, divulge, expose: ukuteta
kwako kuyakuhlakaza, thy speech betrayeth
thee, (c) To give out liberally, without
stint.
in-TIakazo, n. 3. Scattering, dispersing,
spreading, revealing, divulging, exposi-
tion.
uku-Hlakazeka, v. To be dispersed :
ibandla lihlakazckile, the congregation is
broken up, dispersed.
— Hlaka2ela, c To spend, distribute
freely and sufficiently for or among.
um-Hlakoti, n. 6. The wild currant, Rhus
laevigata L. This tree when burnt throws
out many sparks, hence the phrase : uzixo-
xele isikuni somhlakott, lit. you have poked
a firebrand of umhlakoti, i.e. you have run
the risk of being blinded.
151
HL
uku HLAKULA, v. t. To hoe cultivated
lands: lixcsha lokuhlakula amjshni, it is
the time for weeding the fields.
in-TlakulO, n. 3. The act of working with
a spade or hoe.
Um'H lakulo, h. 6. A hoe, a spade, a plough ;
dimin. ttmhlakulioaiia,
uku-Hlakuhlakula, »•. To hoe in a hurry.
— HIakulana, r. To hoe together, one
after another.
— HIakuleka, 1^. To be fit for weeding:
umhlakulo awiihlakuleki, the spade is not
fit for digging.
— HIakulela, v. To weed, hoe for
another or to weed for the benefit of the
plants or trees ; fig. to prepare for,
= uku-Tshaydcla.
— Hlakulisa, v. To help to weed ; to
cause to hoe.
— HIakulisana, v. To help one another
in weeding.
um-Hlakuva, n. 6. The castor-oil plant,
= um-Hlaviitwa.
u-Hlakwe, «. l. The male Pin-tailed Widow-
bird, or King of the six. Vidua serena (L.)
in full breeding plumage. This little bird
is of especial interest, in view of his being
a parasitical polygamist.
uku-HLALA, v. i. perf. hleli. (a) To sit, stay,
rest, reside, remain in one place: uhleli
endlwini, he is sitting in the house ; uhleli,
he is resting, i.e. he does nothing; iimfazi
uhleli, the woman has ceased bearing ; hlala
tiat'i, abide with us; to exist, live: uyihlo usa-
hlcli-naf is your father still alive ? uhleli-pi f
(old form uhlczi-pif) where do you live? to
inhabit: uknJm angabi salihlala elozwe, that
he may no longer live in or inhabit that
land ; to be awake : uhleli, he is up, awake ;
to be quiet, still: hlala, mntwana! he quiet,
child! wahlala engatetanga, he remained
quiet, spoke nothing. Phr. kusahleliwe, it is
so far well, i.e. the people are well; ndihleli
nje! as I live! kuhleliwe-nje ! as there is life
(form of assurance and oath). Pass. To
be indwelt.
(b) As auxil. used with the adverbial
sense of "constantly, continually," express-
ing the action of the following verb,
which is put in the participial form: ndihla-
la ndibi'lela kuye, I continually or always
thank him ; ndohlala nditanda, I shall always
love; abantu ababehlala besiza kufunda,
people who came regularly to learn ; inya-
tiiso ihlaV ihleli, the truth is permanent;
wena uhlal'ungenandaba, you who never
have any news.
H4-
um HIali ngapambili, n. I. A chairman.
i Hlala^nyati, ;/. 2. A bird that sits on the
inyati (buffalo) or on cattle and picks the
ticks off them.
in-Tlalo, n, 3. A sitting; the period of
staying or remaining at any place; fig.
manner of living : intlalo yam, my usual
custom or way (of speaking, etc) ; con-
dition, state, situation,
isi Hlalo, n. 4. Anything for sitting On;
seat, stool, chair, bench. Umgcini-sihlalo,
a chairman.
uku HIalana, v. To live near one another.
— HIalela, v. To sit, wait for; to mind,
watch : ndihlalcle wena, I am waiting for
you ; to be on the point of (before an
infinitive) : ndihlaleV nkumka, I am just
about to start ; ndihlaleV iikuaa, I am on
the point of coming. Phr. wazihlalela, he
lived for himself, i.e. had no need of
others ; watnhlalela ngentlamba, he reviled
or abused him.
— HIalelana, v. To sit, stay, wait one for
another.
— HIalisa, V. To cause to sit: hlalisa
lunntwana, put the child down on the
ground; to settle a person by giving him
an abode or residence; to keep company ;
fig. to satisfy, pacify, put to silence (a
tumult).
— HIalisana, v. To let sit, rest, etc., one
after another ; to give one another an
abode ; to live together ; to silence each
other.
i-Hlala, //. 2. (a) A pot or small vessel for
keeping any fatty substance for anointing
the head or person, (b) The fruit of the
u?n hlala.
um- Hlala, w. 6. The Kafir orange, Strych-
nos spinosa Latn.
imi-HlaH, n. 6. pi. Pleasure, delight, joy,
happiness.
u-Hlalu, ;;. 5, Iron-stone, etc., = M-i//«/H/K.
ubu-Hlalu, H. 7. Generic term for beads,
especially red ones which are considered
the finest beads ; hence a necklace com-
posed of large reddish beads worn by
principal chiefs as a sign of royalty. This
necklace is put round the neck of a chief
at his inauguration either by a principal
chief or by a person deputed by the aina-
Tshawe and ama Pakati to perform this
ceremony. Tshiwo put the ubuhlalu round
the neck of Kwatie, Palo's ancestor; Langa
and Kawuta, the father of Nqeno and Hintsa
put it round the neck of the chief Ngqika,
HL
Fig. excellence : yivani, kuba nditeta iziuto
zobuhlalu, hear, for I speak excellent things.
uku-Hlaluka, v. i. To appear, come in
sight : itikomo ziyahlalaka emmajigweni, the
cattle come in sight on the ridge ; fig. to
rise, originate.
— HIaluzela, v. To bubble up as a fountain,
or boiling water, or yeast fermenting.
uku-HIalutya, v. t. To commence a thing
without finishing it; a skin rubbed only
with i-Hlalutye is still unfinished.
i-Hlalutye, n. 2. '\
in-Tlalutye, n. 3. \ Iron-stone, gravel.
u-HIalutye, w. 5. )
uku-Hlama, v. t. To give a present to
friend in expectation of receiving a larger
and better one in return; e.g. when one
takes a blanket or shawl to his married
sister, in order to get a beast from her
husband.
isi-HIamo, n. 4. The beast one receives
from his brother-in-law in return for the
present mentioned under the previous
verb.
uku-mama, TY\h^\, = uku-Hloma.
uku-HLAMB'A, v. t. pass, hlanjwa. To wash,
cleanse the body: hlamba izandla ngamanzi,
wash the hands with water; to bathe, swim;
fig. (a) To wipe off, wash away: hlamba
ityala lako, wipe off your guilt, (b) To cast
off; to have no longer anything to do with
a person, (used between relations, as father
and son) : uyise umhlambile unyana wake, the
father has cast off his son. Phr. uhlamba
intliziyo, he loathes and vomits ; ukuhlamba
ubtikosi, to show power; wahlamba isiteto,
he cleared up the matter; ngahlamb' ezantsi
kwako! May I wash or bathe in the stream
below you ! i.e. may I have the same good
luck !
in-TIamba, «. 3. A scolding; one who is
always finding fault, using abusive
words : ndamhlalela ngentlamba, I scolded
him.
in-TIaitibi, n. 3. An excellent swimmer.
in Tlamb6, ?/. 3 ^
isi Hlatnb6, n. 4. > Lit. a place washed
um HIambd, «. 6. )
out ; a hollow place where water flows
after rain; a low valley; a ravine.
um-Hlamb'amasi, n. 6. The so called
Quinine tree, Rauwolfia natalensis Sond.
uku-HIambana, v. To wash one another.
— Hlambeka, v. To be fit for washing or
being cleansed: isitya asihlambeki, the
u 153
HL
vessel will not become clean by washing;
— Hlambela, v. (a) To wash for or at:
uhlambela pina f where do you wash ?
(b) To defile, as by one who is defiled :
bayalihlambela igama lika-Yehova, they
defile the name of the Lord ; to disown,
cast off: yinina iisihlambele? why hast
thou cast us off? (c) To degrade, as
when an inferior hits a superior.
um-HIamb^n, n. i. One who defiles
another.
isi-Hlambezo, w. 4. A purifying and con-
secrating process. The roots of im-Plsa
u Si'kiki and u-Jcjaiie are put into a vessel
containing water, from which an infusion
is made, to be drunk by pregnant
women, shortly before they give birth to
a child ; the newborn child is also
washed with it. The word is also used
as a term of abuse.
um-HIambezo, «. 6. Fomentation.
uku-Hlambulula, v. pass, hlanjuluhva. To
cleanse, purify thoroughly by removing
all impurities from the person ; to
cleanse dirty linen, rinse vessels ; fig. to
clear from fault or guilt ; to explain :
wayihlambulula imikwa yakowabo, he ex-
plained their customs and shewed that
they were not reprehensible.
in-TlambuluIo, n. 3. A cleansing bath.
u-Hlambuiulo, //. 5. Purification.
ukuti-HlambuIulu, v. i. Used adverbially.
Quite (clear) ; entirely (plain).
uku-HIambuIuka, v. To become clean;
to be clean ; amanzi ahlambiiliikile, the
water is clean ; to be 'cleansed,' i.e. freed
from the suspicion of having done evil ;
to be freed from the imputation of
crime : intliziyo yam ihlambulukile, my
heart is cleansed, free from guilt ; to be
ceremonially cleansed, by the killing of
a beast with due performance of the
necessary rites : kufe uyise, bahlambuliikile
namhla, their father died and they
became 'clean to-day, i.e. came into the
company of others, from which they had
been excluded for a time.
— tilambululeka, v. To be clean.
— HIambululela, v. To cleanse for.
m-H Iambi, n. 6. (a) A crowd of people,
corporate body of men ; a drove of cattle ;
a flock of sheep; a troop of horses.
(b) The dress, made of palm leaves, worn
round the waist by boys undergoing the
rite of circumcision.
hl
isi-HIamo, tribal, see isi-Hloino.
ama-Hlampepa, ;/. 2. pL Dirty, shameful,
disgraceful, things.
i-HIamvu n. I. (Used mostly in pi. amahla-
imm). Small twigs with green leaves on
them; herbs.
isi-lilana, w. 4. The part on the back of
animals where there is a circle in the hair.
um-Hlana, ti.6. The back of a person or
animal.
um-iilandela, w. 6. The Natal mahogany,
Kiggelaria africana L.-um-Vct).
isi-Hlandla, «. 4. A grass tuft.
isi-Hlandio, «. 4. Time, i.e. bout: csisihla-
ftdlo, this time ; wandit'i-gwcqc czizihlandlo
zozihini, he has supplanted me these two
times.
um-H!andloti, n. 6. The Flat-crown Acacia^
Albizzia fastigiata Oliv.
um-H!anga, n. I. (a) =uhld)tga {a), the
origin of the aha-Mbo. (b) Em = ingcongolo.
u-H langa, n. 5. pi. ht-Tlrntga, (a) The incisions,
made for letting blood, cupping or tattoo-
ing, (b) Nature, conduct, character.
u-H langa, «. 5. (a) The place or hole, out
of which, according to Kafir belief, living
beings, both men and animals, came forth
originally, hence, nation, tribe, people,
generation : siluhldnga luka-Xosa, we are
descendants of Xosa ; family relation. Plur.
in-Tlduga, Ancestors, persons of the high-
est rank ; great, honourable, or old people ;
nation, tribe ; aboriginal natives (modern
use), (b) An old stalk of Kafircorn or
maize : uhldnga Iwamazimba, an old stalk of
Kafircorn.
ubu-Hlanga, n. 7. Nationality.
uku-Hlangabeza, v, t. pass, hlangatyezwa.
To go to meet one who is coming from a
different direction (used in a friendly and
also in a hostile sense) : ndamhJaugahcza
cakahvoii, I met him on the ridge when he
was coming to me ; ndahlangatyczwa nguye
cndlelctn, he came and met me on the road.
— Hlangabezana, v. To go to meet each
other from both sides when on a journey;
to come against, contrary to, one another :
taiwya wahlangabezana }:cnhin:h], the wind
was coming against the locusts.
um-HIangala, w. 6. The Large grey mun-
goose, Mungos cafer {GnicJ.). Fhr. deda,mli/a- |
vga/a, cjuhxweni yenyzvagi, mungoose, get I
out of the way of the wild cat, i.e. make 1
room for your betters. I
154
uku-HIangana,
To come or meet
together ; to assemble ; to unite, join :
ndUdmigeue naye, I have joined him ; haya
kuhlavgana figomso, they will assemble to-
morrow ; mhla kwahlanganwa, on the day
they were assembled ; fig. inteto azUdangani,
the statements do not agree ; to come in
contact with : ndaJdatigaua nengozi, I met
with an accident ; to meet in conflict, join
battle. Phr. inyanga ihlavgene, the moon is
at the full ; umzimba tihlangene, the body is
compact, said upon his recovery of one
who had been reduced by illness or starva-
tion; tntloko yam mayihlangane, let my head
be put together, i.e. my head is 'cracked,'
as shewn e.g. by continual forgetfulness.
kuhlatigene isattga nenkohla, the wonderful
and impossible have came into collision, i.e.
an intricate question has cropped up.
in-TIangano, n. 3. A joining, junction ;
the place where two roads meet and join
together ; association, agreement, unani-
mity ; union, treaty, alliance.
In the game of ' pins in the hand,' when
the heads of the pins lie the same way
or in one form of iceya when the sticks
appear in the opposite hands of the two
players, then the one who claims intlanga-
fio has it; if heads are reversed, or if the
little sticks appear in reverse hands, it is
impambauo,
uku-tilanganela, v. To meet for some
purpose.
— Hlanganisa, v. (a) To cause to come
together; to bring together; to assemble:
baJdanganise abantwana, assemble the
children ; to join, unite, tie or forge
together two pieces or things in one-
ukwigahlaiiganisi iimlotno, lit. not to join
the mouth, i.e. to be amazed, to gape;
iihlangcnise iminyaka emashumi mabini
izolo, he was twenty years old yesterday,
(b) To ward off; to defend ; hlangatiisa!
defend yourself! used as a challenge
when one prepares, to attack another
with sticks.
um-Hlanganisi, n. I. One who unites,
gathers together : umhlavibt onge tiamhla-
ttgaiiisi, a flock that no man gathers.
in-Tlanganiso, ) 3 a ^^r,„-,-^^o
in-Tlan|aniswano, j «• ^- ^ congrega-
tion of people ; an assembly, a meeting.
isi-Hlanganiso, n. 4. An instrument for
warding off", as a stick in case of a blow,
or food in that of hunger.
HL
uku-Hlanganisana, v. To assemble to-
gether : kwahlanganisana kiiye indimbane
enkulu, a great multitude was gathered
unto Him: to join together.
— Hlanganisela, v. (a) To call together
for or at. (b) To keep or ward off from ;
to cover, protect, defend : wahlatiganisela
intloko, he warded off (blows, etc.) from
his head.
in-Tlanganisela, n. 3. A gathering to-
gether: watt u-Tixo intlatiganisela yama-
nzt zilwandle, God called the gathering
together of the waters "seas."
isi-Hlanganiselo, n. 4. Armour, protec-
tion, defence.
uku-Hlanganiselana, v. To assemble :
bahlanganisclana apa ukuba batete ityala,
they are assembling here to investigate
a law case.
uku-Hlanganyela, v. t. To assail, attack on
all sides, especially used of two or more
attacking one in a fight ; fig. to assail by
temptations.
um-Hlango, n. b. A kind of tree used to
ward off lightning, or in doctoring a place
that has been struck by lightning.
u-Hlangoti, n. 5. The edge of a sword,
knife or other instrument ; the sting of a
bee.
isi-Hlangu, ti. 4. Lit. a thing that protects;
a sandal cut out of the thick part of a skin ;
a shoe* or a boot ; isihlangu sezandla, a
glove ; a shield.
uku-Hlangula, v. t. To extract, draw out :
inyosi ziUangula iibusi eziiityantyambeni, the
bees extract honey from the flowers ; fig.
to rescue, save, deliver from an enemy;
to draw out from danger : sihlangule enko-
hlakalweni, deliver us from evil; ndimhla-
ngule ematyaleni ake, I have extricated
him, i.e. relieved him from his debts.
um-HIanguli, n. i. A deliverer.
in-TIanguIo, n. 3. The activity of bees
among flowers in drawing honey from
them.
uku HIanguleka, t>. To be delivered.
i-H la-nkomo, n. 2. A swift ; = i-Hlaba-nkomo.
um-Hlanti, n. 6. A witch doctor's medicine-
bag : walixwele elitwala imihlawti, he was a
doctor carrying about medibines.
ubu-Hlanti, n. 7. A cattle fold; loc. ebuhla-
nti, in the cattle kraal. The men assemble
and feast in the kraal and have their corn-
pits in it. (Women married into the
village are not allowed to enter the kraal.
HL
This is not because of inferiority, but out
of respect to their departed fathers-in-law
who are considered the heads of that
village and kraal. The kraal is considered
sacred.)
um-HIantla, n. 6. A gap between the front
teeth of the upper jaw ; fig. a breach in
a wall.
u-HIantlalala, n. 5. Hardness.
um-HIantonono, n. l. A species of bird (?
the Yellow-breasted Bush-warbler, Apalis
florisuga Reich)
Hianu, Card. numb. Five: amahashe amahlanu,
five horses; inkomo zintlanu, the cows are
five. Adv. kahlami, five times.
isi-Hlanu, 7t. 4. Five, as an abstract number:
ishunii elinesihlanu, fifteen; indoda yesihlanu,
the fifth man; ngolwesihlanu (usuku), on
the fifth day, Friday; okwesihlanu, the fifth
day ; ngokwcsililanu, at the fifth day.
uku-Hlanya, v. i. To be mad, deranged.
u-Hlanya, n. 5. Em. That which is wild:
umntu oluhlanya, a deranged, insane, wild,
unrestrained person.
ubu-Hlanya, n. 7. Silliness, derangement.
i-HIanza, n. 2. A stab, cut, wound with the
assegai : wayihlaha or wayikwela, or wayidla,
or wayanya indoda amahlanza, he stabbed
the man right through, the weapon remain-
ing in the hand of the aggressor.
uku-Hlanza, Cans, form of uku-Hlamba. (a)
To cleanse, remove filth: hlanza ingubo,
cleanse, wash out the clothes. Phr. uku-
hlanza aniehlo, to wash the eyes, i.e. to give
a reward for' a find, (b) To clean oneself,
i.e. to throw off or up, to vomit : wahlanza
igazi fiit'i, he vomited much blood, (c) To
wipe off: hlanza ityala lako, wipe off your
guilt (used by Tembus). (d) To put forth
shoots; to bud, as plants: impuzi azihlanzi
nonyaka, the pumpkins do not produce fruit
this year. Phr. lahlatiz'iselwa, lit. the cala-
bash threw up the whole inside, i.e. died.
in-Tlanza-mbilini, n. i. A bastard, born of
a chief's widow.
in-Tlanzi, n. 2. General name for fish;
dimin. intlanzana.
in-Tlanzo, n. 3. Vomiting.
um-Hlanzo, n. 6. That which is vomited, a
vomiting.
uku-Hlanzana, v. To cleanse one another.
— Hlanzeka, v. To become clean, purified:
lomntu iihlanzckilc, this person is cleansed.
— HIanzela, v. To vomit at or on: intlanzi
yamhlanzela u-Yona emhlabeni owomileyo,
the fish vomited up Jonah on dry land.
— HIanzisa, v. To cause or help to
cleanse; to purify thoroughly; to cause
to vomit.
in-Tlanziso, h. 3- "^ An emetic
um-Hlanziso, n. 6. ) ^" emetic.
um-HIanziswana, n. 6. A small plant of
the euphorbia genus, having both purga-
tive and emetic properties.
ukuti-HIanze, v. i. Of an ulcer, to lie deep;
to spread.
um-tilap6, n. 6. The soft, fibrous, plushy side
of a woman's kaross ; loc. cmldapcni.
ukuti-HLASI, v. /. To seize, snatch hastily,
abruptly or secretly; to take by force*
especially in warlike operations: hckitliwa
kwada kwathva-hlasi umzi, the war con-
tinued until the city was taken.
ukutela-HIasi, v. To catch for: nizilele-
hlasi elowo umkake ezinlombini zaseShilo,
catch ye every man his wife of the
daughters of Shiloh.
uku-HIasela, v. To attack, assail: izihange
zamhlasela, the robbers attacked him;
impi yabahlasela, the army attacked them ;
to take what one considers he has a right
to, but cannot get by asking ; or to seize
a friend's articles and then tell him.
in-Tlaselo, «. 3. The act of borrowing or
taking a thing in the absence of its owner,
and telling him afterwards.
u-Hlaselo, «. 5. An attack, a raid.
uku-Hlasimla, v. i. To feel tremor; to have
nervous twitchings on seeing a snake, etc.;
to shudder; to be averse to certain food.
— HIasimlisa, v. To cause to shudder.
i-Hlati, «. 2. Dimin. ihlatana. A forest; fig. a
hiding-place, refuge, protection, stronghold,
(in time of war women and children found
refuge in the forest): u-T'ixo idihlati lam,
God is my refuge. Phr. amahlat'i apelile, the
forests are gone, i.e. the truth is out, the
rogue is caught.
isi-Hlati, h. 4. The cheek.
um-Hlati, n. 6. The jawbone: umhlati wom-
hlaba, a strip of ground ; umhlati wciicwadi,
a page, column of a book or newspaper;
dimin. iimhlatana : ndip' utuhlatann, give me
a small place (in your paper, or garden).
uk"ma'-t4z'"a:'' 1 «■ '■• To be nervously
excited, affrighted : iitwele zake zite-hlatu, his
hair stands on end from fear of seeing the
enemy, etc., approaching.
in-Tlatu, n. 3. Corn growing too densely
from having been sown too thickly.
HL
uku-Hlatuzela, v. To walk affrighted,
from the apprehension of unseen danger.
— Hlatuzelisa, v. To cause sudden fear;
to make the hair stand on end from
apprehension.
uku-HLAULA, v. t. To settle, pay: ndahlaula
amatyala am, I settled my debts ; to pay a
fine or penalty; fig. to redeem, atone,
expiate a fault by a fine.
um-HIauli, n. I. A redeemer.
in-Tlaulo, «. 3. Payment, recompense,
remuneration.
isi-Hla::lo, «. 4. An act of paying off; that
by which payment is made ; a fine.
uku-Hla'.:'ela, v. To pay for: ■wamJdaidcla
ityala, he paid the debt for him; idihlaide-
le i-Laix-.:, he paid the Hottentot's fine.
(It is said that the Basuto chief Moshesh,
in giving judgment against a Hottentot,
would pay the fine himself, because this
poor subject of his Jiad nothing where-
with to pay.) Fig. to atone for, redeem
from: vdiya kubafilatdda ndibakidule
chifcni, I will redeem them from death.
um-Hlauleli, «. I. One who pays for
another party; a redeemer, atoner.
in-TIaulelo, «. 3. A payment for anything
or anybody; a fine or punishment paid
for another; a ransom paid for the
release of another from punishment.
isi-Hlaulelo, n. 4. The things given in
paying for ; redemption, payment for an
offence ; a fine.
uku-HlauIisa, v. To make or cause to pay;
to exact payment; to fine.
in-TlauIiso, n. 3. The act of causing pay-
ment.
isi HIava, «. 4. (a) A colony of grubs found
in stalks of maize and Kafircorn. See
in-Tlava. (b) A disease of an eating nature
in horns or skins, (c) White blight.
um HIavutwa, //. 6. (a) The castor-oil plant,
Ricinus communis, used for headache, (b)
The thorn apple. Datura stramonium L.
uku-H LAZA, V. t. To expose : ungandihlazi,
do not disgrace me.
i-HIazo, «. 2. Reproach, disgrace: unama-
hlazo, he is guilty of disgraceful deeds.
ubu-Hlazofa, H. 7. used as adj. In a dis-
graceful state: ati oncmfundwana abone
tikuba ibuhlazora, even a person of little
education sees that this verges on the
disgraceful.
uku-H lazeka, v. To be disgraced by
doing bad things; to be put to shame;
to be in disgrace : siyahlazeka nguwe, we
are disgraced by you.
56
HL
in-TIazeko, n. 3. Shame, reproach.
uku-Hlazisa, v. To commit a shameful
thing; to cause to blush, to make
ashamed ; to disgrace.
in-Tlazisa, m. 3. Exposing the fault of
another.
uku-Hlazisana, v. To commit shameful
things with one another, or to disgrace
each other.
u-Hlaza, n. 5. Short, young, green grass;
eluhlazeni, in springtime ; cmva kohlaza, at
the end of spring. Used as adj. (a) Green
or blue, (these two colours are not dis-
tinguished by Kafirs): inch iliMaza, the
grass is green, (b) Unripe; fig. inyama
iluhlaza, the meat is still raw. (c) Fig. as
in the following phrase : imfene yawenza
waluhlaza unttsi yetiika, the baboon made a
V great spring and got away.
in-Tlaza, n. 3, Corn not quite ripe.
um-Hiaza, n. 6. An inveterate sore; a
persistent ulcer refusing to heal.
ubuHlaza, //. 7. Greenness, rawness.
ubu-Hlazafa, «. 7. used as adj. Greenish.
uku-Hlaziya, v. t. To renew, revive,
restore, make fresh ; to reproduce : hla-
ziya umoya oqinisekileyo pakati kwam,
renew a steadfast spirit within me.
u-HIaziyo, n. 5. The act of renewal, re-
formation.
uku-HIaziyeka, v. To become new; to
renew oneself: ndihlaziyckile, I feel quite
new, restored.
u-Hlaziyeko, n. 5. The state of being
renewed.
uku-Hlaziyela, v. To renew for or to:
akiinakwenzeka ukuba babiiye bahlaziyclwe
enguqukweni, it is impossible to renew
them again to repentance.
uKVSX"'} ».'• To open .he hair
with the hand before combing; to throw
or spread loosely about, as tobacco-leaves
for drying; to let a thing fall and break
when picking it up; to waste; fig. to blab
out, vent a secret ; to open, reveal what is
hidden: wazihlazuliila inkomo zake, he
exposed his cattle without necessity.
Hie, after n, tie, adj. Beautiful, pleasant to
the eyes, fine, light, gentle : mnntu omhle, a
beautiful person; u-Mntwan' omhle used to
be applied as a term of highest respect to
Queen Victoria; lihle ihashe, the horse is
beautiful; lento intle, this thing is fine
hamba ndlela-ntle, may you have a good
journey ; kuhle, it is beautiful, (this is not
HL
to be confounded with kiMe, contrac. from
kiihlile, the perf. indicative, and kuhle, the
pres. conjunctive of iikuHla.) The voc.
mUe! is used like nthlekazi! Adv. kuhle,
kakuMe: kawenze kuhle, wait a little, have
patience; tela kuhle, speak softly, gently;
hamba kuhle, go gently; hlala kakuhle,
farewell.
um-Hlekazi, n. l. A beautiful person.
Used as an expression of courtesy, thanks
or praise. The voc. mhlckazi! is properly
applied only in addressing chiefs of
royal blood, as we say. Your Majesty,
Your Excellency; it is also used nowa-
days as a term of address to magistrates,
etc.
ulu-Hle, w. 5. What is beautiful; young
beautiful children, cattle, things ; fig. the
flower of an army.
ubu-Hle, n. 7. Beauty, loveliness.
uku-HLEBA, v. t. To inform secretly about
or against, generally, though not ex-
clusively, in a bad sense ; to defame,
slander, backbite secretly: wamhleba, or
wahleba ngaye, he slandered him.
um-Hlebi, «. l, and in-TIebi, n. 3. A
defamer, backbiter, slanderer.
i-Hlebo, n. 2. Information secretly given,
not necessarily of a libellous character.
in-Tlebo, n. 3, in-Tlebendwane, n. 3, and
isi-Hlebo, n. 4. Slanderous speech, cal-
umny, false accusation.
uku-Hlebana, v. To backbite, etc., one
another.
— Hlebela, v. To vent a secret to: nJilihle-
tyelwe iyelenqe, I was secrclly told of the
plot.
— Hlebisa, v. To cause backbiting, etc. ; to
slander, etc., purposely.
um-Hlebe, «. 6. Black ironwood, Olea
laurifolia Lain, and Bastard ironwood,
Olea foveolata E. Mey.
uku-Hlehla, v. i. To go or step backward, as
when something, e.g. a snake, is seen, which
excites caution and fear; to draw back
retreat in fighting; to show cowardice,
ukuhlehV inyevane, to retreat from what one>
said.
um-HIehli, n. I. One who retreats when
fighting ;, fig. one who departs from what
he said or did.
isi-Hlehle, n. 4. A clump of imi-Hlehle.
um-Hlehle, n. 6. A small euphorbia, Du.
noorsdoorn.
uku-Hlehlezela, v. i. To go briskly, hastily
with anything stolen or otherwise, such as
157
HL
meat or iibut't ; (it is generally used in a bad
sense) ; to trot steadily with measured steps;
also = ukii Nxania.
um-HIehIo, «. 6. The inside fat.
uku-HLEKA, v. t. and/. To laugh; when
used with the accusative or objective:
ndiyanihleka, I laugh at you ; nms'ukundi-
hlcka, do not laugh at me ; into ehlckwayo, a
laughable, ridiculous thing ; not to be con-
founded with the intrans. form of iiku-Hla.
u-Hlekwa ylnja, «. i. A defective
maize cob, or one with defective grain.
in-TIeki, «. 3. One who laughs at, des-
pises a person or thing.
in-Tlek'abafazi, «. 3. Lit. the one that
laughs at the women ; the Short-tailed
Wood hoopoe, Irrisor erythrorynchos
viridis (Licht.J.
isi-Hleko, «. 4. A thing to be laughed at;
a laughing-stock.
u-Hleko, n. 5. Laughter.
uku-Hlekana, v. To laugh at each other.
— Hlekisa,!). To cause to laugh: banihlekisa
fiiti, they caused him to laugh often
ndhigohlckisayo, I make others laugh;
ndingowokuhlckisa, I am one who is made
sport of; with prep, nga, to make sport or
fun of one ; to ridicule : tidahlckisa iigaye,
I made sport of or through him ; mus'uku-
hlckisa ngam, do not make a foolof me.
in-Tlekisa, n. 2. A laughing stock.
uku-Hlekisana, v. To cause one another
to laugh ; to keep up a laughing or
jeering mood together.
um-Hlekazi, see under Hlc.
ukutl-HLEKE. v. i. To burst open, as a sore:
isilonda sit^-hlckc, the sore has burst open ;
to fall apart or in pieces, as a piece of
rotten wood.
— HIekehleke, v. i. To split up into pieces
or break asunder; to be broken up, as
wood and soft things.
uku-Hlekeza, v. t. To split up, cleave
open a thing by breaking it asunder, to
look at the inside (e.g. of a slaughtered
sheep),
um-Hlekezi, n. I. One who dashes in
pieces ; a disperser.
uku-Hlekezela, v. To split up, break
asunder, etc., for.
uku-HLELA, v. (to be distinguished from
the rcl. form of nku-Hla.) To pick out and
put in the proper place (soldiers, bullocks,
paragraphs of a newspaper) ; to separate
HL
the coarse from the fine, as in sorting wool ;
to sift grain, shake out the grass for
thatching; fig. to edit, separate, sort.
um-HIeli, n. I. One who picks out and
puts in order; the editor of a newspaper.
i-Hlelo, ti. 2. (a) A picked division or
army, (b) A file of men, in hunting or
war; a sect, religious denomination, (c)
The border or outskirt of a forest or
plantation ; loc. ehlclweni.
in-TIelo, n. 3. The picking out, separating
and putting in order; arrangement,
disposition, management.
uku-Hleleka, v. To become separate,
parted from each other, as when sheep
separate from goats, or one kind of
poultry from another.
uku-Hlelela, v. To pick out for, separate
for.
— fileleleka, v. To be left alone, separated
or set apart from the rest ; to be shunned
by everybody: uya kuhleleleka, you will
be shunned by everybody.
um-HlelJ, M. 6. Stamper-wood, Ehretia hot-
tentotica Burch., a tree with red, edible
fruit.
HIeli-nje! interj. a form of oath, ivom. uku-
Hlala. As I live!
isi-Hlelo, see tiku-Hla.
uku-HLENQA, v. t. To assort, leave out; to
separate the good from the bad : kuhlengwa
amazimba hdahlwe amabi, when corn is
cleaned, the refuse is thrown out; to purify
metal from dross; fig. to regard a man's
person; to keep the good for oneself and
give the bad to another; uyandihlenga, he
leaves me out as bad, or as refuse.
in-Tlenga, «. 3. The last dregs or sediment
of Kafir-beer.
isi-Hlenga, n. 4. A float made of reeds; a
raft; an island formed in the river by
masses of reeds and earth washed to-
gether by the current.
uku-HIengeka, v. To be separated from
and thrown away.
— Hlengela, v. To assort, separate, etc.,
for.
— Hlengisa, v. To cause to separate, etc.
i-Hlengezi, w. 2. A curse.
uku-Hlengezela, v. t. To put an end to, i.e.
kill, a beast dangerously ill, before it
dies of itself: uyamhlengezela, he speaks
rather hopelessly of the recovery of some
one who is sick and says he will die.
in-Tlengezela, «. 3. The slaughtering pf
cattle,
158
HL
i-HIengesi, n. 2. The porpoise, the bones of
which are greatly prized by Natives as they
are believed to cause increase in cattle.
eku-Hleni, adv. Openly, clearly; loc. of the
obsolete verb uhi-Hla.
uku-HIenxa, v. i. To separate the legs, to
straddle.
ukuti-Hlepu, v. i. = uku-Hlepuka.
uku-Hlepuka, v. To be torn off (e.g. a
piece of land from a country) ; to be
cracked, as the little clay oxen when
beginning to crumble away.
— Hlepuza, V. t. To tear out or off a piece
from the whole, (as a dog tears away
strips from a lump of meat).
uku-Hleza, v. t. To gnaw or chew a bone
with the teeth.
i-HIeza, n. 2. The hip bone.
Hl^y^h [ '^^"^' ^^^^'- ^^^^^ isela lize ehu-
suku, lest haply the thief comes by night ;
ndabaleka Meze tidibetwe, I fled lest I should
be beaten; hleze inganeli kuli nakuni, lest
there be not enough for us and you.
uku-Hlika, Em. and Ttrab\i, = uku-hla. To
come down : uyehlika, he is coming down.
uku-Hlikihla, v. t. To rub with the hands:
wahlikihla utnzimba ngamafuta, he rubbed
his body with fat ; to rub a swelling, skin,
etc., with the hand : hlihihla idolo ngezatidla,
rub the knee with the hands.
in-TlikihIo. n. 3. The rubbing of a
swelling; the smearing and softening of
any hard place.
uku-Hlimfa, v. t. To beat with the fist or a
knobstick ; = ttku-Ximfa.
uku-Hlimpilika, v. i. To make unavailing
efforts; to pull a face (as when about to
cry); cf. uku-HUninika.
uku-Hlininika, v. i. To relax the muscles of
the face, as in pain ; to be ready to cry, as
with a suppressed voice ; to make faces at
a person.
uku-HIiniva, v. t. To make blunt (a chisel,
saw, hatchet, etc.).
— HIinlveka, v. To be blunt.
uku-HLlNZA, V. t. To flay, skin: hlinzani
inkotno ehlatyiweyo, skin the cow which has
been slaughtered or gored to death; to
perform a surgical operation upon a
person; fig. uyandihlinza, he imposes upon
me or overreaches me. Phr. uhlinza itiipuku,
or intahimba, he skins a mouse or a flea, i.e.
he speaks or acts secretly. (Bed-wetting
used to be cured, supposedly, by giving the
HL
child a mouse to eat, disguised as other
meat ; the mouse had to be skinned
secretly; hence the idea of secrecy).
um-Hlirtzi, «. I. One who skins animals.
uku-HIinzeka, v. To be good or fit for
skinning: isikumba siyahlinzeka, the skin
comes off" easily.
— HIinzekela, x;. To provide, procure for;
to care for meat : umhambt uyahlinzekelwa,
a traveller is supplied with food (meat).
— Hlinzela, v. To skin for; to kill a beast
for one who has arrived at a place.
— Hlinzisa, v. To cause or help to skin.
isi-HIo, Event, etc., see uku-Hla.
uku-Hloba, v. i. To separate, as the curd
from the whey in fermented milk; amasi
ahlobile, the milk has become curdled im-
properly, said when the curdled part has
separated from the whey and become
lumpy and hard ; fig. to be unpleasant,
provoked to anger.
— Hlobisa, v. To make to separate,
ferment.
i-Hlobo, n. 2. Summer; loc. ehlotycni, in
summer ; kusehlotyeni, it is summer.
umHIobo, n. I. Relative, blood-relation;
hence friend, acquaintance : umhlobo obuhlu-
ttgti, best friend.
isi-Hlobo, n. 4. Relative, blood-relation;
friend (espec. tised in address) : ndiya ezi-
hlotyeni zam, I go to my friends ; isiUobo
esibuhlungii, a very intimate friend, a bosom
friend.
u-Hlobo, n. 5. A particular sort or kind of
anything : oltihlobo Iwenkomo, this kind or
description of cattle ; inkomo yohlobo, a cow
of an old favourite stock ; a choice cow ;
inkomo ngohlobo Iwazo, cattle after their
kind ; dimin. uhlotyana : zonke intlotyana
zokutya, all hinds of food.
in Tlobontlobo n. 5. pi. Different kinds.
ubu-HIobo, n. 7. Friendship; mutual attach-
ment, intimacy ; wandinika into yobuhlobo,
he gave me something as a token of friend-
ship. Adj. Friendly.
uku-Hlobonga, v. i. 'Em.- uku-Metsha.
u-Hiofu, n. 5. A sweet taste.
uku-HLOHLA, x;. t. To stuff, cram, thrust
into, with the view of making a thing hold
as much as it can, as to stuff grain into a
bag by repeatedly sending a rod down
through it, or to cram corn into a pit by
pushing it down with a stake ; to fill wool
into a bale by tramping it down; to ram
down as with a ramrod; to thrust a wire
through the pith of a piece of wood ia
59
HL
making a tip for a smoking pipe ; to thread
beads on a string by thrusting a thread
through them, one after another; tihlohUi
amakwHo, he whistles continuously, one
whistle after another.
u-HlohIo, H. 5. A string of beads; a
series or succession of any kind; a list.
uku-Hlohleka, v. To be stuffed, threaded,
or rammed.
— Hlohlela, v. To ram, stuff, cram for or
into; of a bull, to leap repeatedly or at
different times upon a cow already in calf.
um-HIohIa, ;;. 6. A species of plant, the
leaves of which, when powdered, are used
as snuff for headache or cold in the head;
it is also used as an eye lotion.
uku-Hlohloloza, v. t. To thrust forward
contemptuously, as a man seized by the
nape of the neck; =^ ukii-A^t/okottsa.
isi-Hloko, w. 5. Lit. a head or top, e.g. a
cluster of grapes ; cf. in-Tloko.
ukuti-Hloko, /•. /. To push (a stick into the
fire).
uku Hlokohia, r. t. To keep poking with
a stick into a hole where bees or snakes
are; to fill a sack by stuffing it with a
stick; fig. to improve, better; to incite,
provoke; c(. nkn H/olila.
— Hlokohleka, v. To be incitable; to go
in crowds from all parts to a great or
national dance.
— Hlokotisa, v. To push a burning stick or
a knife in a person's face, with the pur-
pose of hurting; to threaten.
uku-Hlokoma, v. i. To sound aloud, as the
noise of a whip or of a wagon travelling :
bayahlokomn ktilomzi tipeshcya komfitla, they
are making a noise at that place on the
other side of the ravine ; to make a noise,
murmur, as water rolling over stones:
amanzi ayahlokoma, the water makes a
noise ; to echo, reosund.
Phr. yakim'imvnla kiihlokoma ticndlcla, when
it rains, the roads roar with running water,
i.e. no smoke without fire.
in-TIokoma, w. 3. A loud voice, as of
people shouting, or of vehicles running
on a stony road ; the sound of a bell.
uku-Hlokomisa, v. pass, hlokonyisiva. To
cause a noise or sound ; to help to make
a loud sound : hJokomisa intsimb'i, ring the
bell; to raise an echo.
i-Hlokondiba, //. 2. A great number of
people standing together.
uku-HIokotisa, see under ukut't-HIoko.
160
HL
uku-Hlokulula, v. t. To sift, make fine,
either by separating the coarse from the
fine, or by reducing all to small particles.
uku-HLOLA, V. t. To spy out: balihlola
ilizwe, they spied out the country; wayi-
hlola lencwadi, he searched this book dili-
gently; to examine (a girl, to see if she is
still a virgin); to reconnoitre an enemy's
army or camp ; to inspect (a school).
u-HIoramatye, //. I. A kind of bird.
um-HloIa, n. I. A witch-doctor who
practises divination, = igqira lokuvumisa.
um-HloIl, «. I. An inspector: umhloliwe-
giisha, a sheep inspector.
in-TloIa, n. 3. A spy or scout of an army
who reconnoitres before an attack is
made ; an inspector, field-cornet.
u-HIolo, n. 5. The act of inspecting any
thing; fig. the first green maize plucked
from the garden.
um-Hlola, n. 6. Em. Presentiment, bad
omen or sign of coming evil, as an owl
settling on the top of a hut, or a dog
leaping on it : iiknba intaka iza ihlale pezu
kwendlu, ball ngumhlola, if a bird happens
to perch on a house, they say it is a bad
omen.
uku-Hlolela, v. To put out a feeler for an
alliance in marriage. The agent in this
matter simply takes a spear, girdle, or
some beads (see utn-Lonio) to the girl's
residence, deposits them there secretly at
dusk, or, in the case of a chief's daughter,
in daytime, and comes away without
saying a word. If the alliance is accept-
able they are retained, if not acceptable
they are returned ; to spy out for.
in-TIolela, ti. 3. One who spies out. Phr.
uyintlolela yombhit, he is spy for both, i.e.
he is a talebearer.
in-TloIelo, n. 3. The agreement made by
a father for the marriage of his daughter.
um-Hlolo, K. I. A widower; fem. umhlolo-
kazi, a widow.
ubu-HloIo, n. 7. State of being a widower;
ttbiihlolokazi, widowhocd.
u-HloIoIwane, w. 5. Buckfood, a species of
Plectranthus.
uku-HLOMA, V. t. (The essential idea is, to
consider a number of separate persons or
things as one body). To stack, as Kafir-
corn ears or corn sheaves; to fix up, as
sticks in a fence; to put on the war dress;
to gather (of thunder clouds) : iztilit liyahlo-
tnn, the heavens are gathering for a storm ;
HL
to walk in procession: inkomo zipuma ebu-
hlaiitl zihlomilc, the cattle go out of the
kraal in a row; fig. ukuhloma usiba, to
stick a feather on a young girl's head, i.e. to
seek the consent of her parents to an affiance
with her.
isi-HIomo, n. 4. War dress : tsibhmo
(itnpahla yomkosi) asanele, the war dress
or armament is incomplete.
uku-Hlomana, v. To speak with each
other.
— Hlomela, v. To add to, join one thing
on to another, as in plaiting; to lengthen
a garment by adding another piece to it ;
to make patchwork.
isi-Hlomelo, n. 4. Addition, amendment,
supplement.
i Hlombe, n, 2. A majority of people
doing one thing, e.g. singing or fighting;
See in-Tlombe.
uku-HlomkJsa, v. i. Of the udder, to become
enlarged and full just before parturition.
uku-HLOMLA, v. t. pass, hlonyulwa. To
divide; in hunting, to give a part, a leg of
the game which has been caught. (The
leg in question is claimed and removed as
belonging to the chief or superior. The
party claiming must stand in the relation
of superior to the other, whether by right
or courtesy.) To reciprocate, give in
return.
um-Hlomlo, n. 6. The portion of game
(buck) given to a superior.
uku-Hlomlela, u. To cut off for one: wJ/-
hlomlele, cut off a leg of game for me.
uku HLONA, V. t. To be afraid of
reverentially.
in Tloni, n. 3. (a) Bashfulness, sense of
shame, shamefacedness, shyness, respect,
modesty : wenze oku2i?itloni, he has done
shamefully; wahlatywa yintloni, he was
ashamed, (b) The South African hedge-
hog, Erinaceus frontalis A. Smith.
uku-HIoneia, v. To act with deference
and respect towards another person of
worth, truthfulness or rank; to reverence;
to be in reverential fear of; to be shy,
bashful towards ; torespect: ndiyamhlonela
ubawo, I fear, i.e. respect, my father.
uku-Hlonipa, v. i. To be bashful, (the idea
of respect is essential in it) ; to keep at
a distance through reverence; to shun
approach : isifazi sihlonipa uyise wendoda,
the wives of sons shun approaching their
father-in-law ; uyaliUonipa igama lake, out
of reverence she is afraid to call his
name; iiyaUonipa abantu abakulu, she
respects older people.
HL
This word describes a custom between relations-
in-law, and is generally bnt not exclusively
applied to the female sex, who, when married, are
not allowed to pronounce or use words which
have for their principal syllable any part or
syllable of the names of their chief's or their
husband's relations, especially of their fathers-in-
law ; they must also keep at a distance from the
latter. Hence, they have the habit of inventing
new names for those persons ; for instance : if one
of these persons is called u-Mehlo, which is
derived from amehlo (eyes), the women will no
longer use umeklo, but substitute amakangelo
(lookers). See Appendix II.
The custom of women, to avoid going near a
cattle kraal by making a circuit in passing its
gate, is also called uku-Hlonipa. Sons-in-law
must be respectful to their mothers-in-law.
in-Tlonip6, n. 3. The custom by which a
married woman shows reverence for her
father-in-law.
uku-Hlonipeka, v. To be spoken of under
another name : amalungu etu ahlonipekayo,
the members of our body that are spoken
of euphemistically.
isi Hlontio, ;/. 4. A number of tree euphor-
bias standing in one place.
umHIontIo, n. 6. The Tree euphorbia,
Euphorbia tetragona Haw., and E. grandi-
dens Haw., used for cancer and blistering.
i-HlontIo, n. 2. The receding, hairless part
of the forehead, above the temples, = w-
Tlontlo.
uku-Hlontlotela, v. i. To extend by
degrees from place to place : ilizwi lika-
T'lxo lihlontlotela kuzo zonke intlanga, the
word of God is extending by degrees to
all nations.
i-Hlontlwana, «. 2. A species of euphorbia
which grows a few feet high, is thorny, and
often grows in neglected ground.
um-Hlonyane, n. 6. Wormwood, Artemisia
afra Jacq., used for cold and cough.
Umhlonyane omncinane or womlambd, Matri-
caria nigellaefolia B.C., with light green
leaves and flowers somewhat like Cha-
momile, used for a rash supposed to be
caused by the river, and for milt-sickness.
um-Hlope, n. 6. Red milkwood, Mimusops
caffra E. Mey.
uku-Hlopisa, v. t. Em. To make hunting
dogs eat medicines and charms, e.g. the
wings of the swiftest birds, to make them
swift and savage ; cf. tikii-Hlupeza.
i-Hlosi, n. 2. The serval, Felis serval Erxl.
uku-Hlovuhla, k. t. To pierce through
repeatedly, so as to cause many wounds.
izi-HloylhIo, «. 4. pi. Events, see ukti-Hla.
HL
uku-HIozinga, v. i. To be unstable, going
backward and forward ; to attempt to do
something, but leave it undone.
ulu-Hlu, ff. 5. pi. izintlu. (a) A string or row
of things (gardens, hills, beads, brasswire,
maize or persons) ; a wing of an army :
bak'nluhlu lokuhva, they set the battle in
array; loc. eluhhvini. (b) plur. The con-
volutions made by a snake's body.
uku-Hluba, v. t. and /. To cast the skin, as a
snake; to moult, as a bird; to cast the hair,
as a horse : ihashe lihlnbile, the horse has
got new hair; to strip a mealie-cob of its
covering, = ukuhlubula; fig. to change the
coat, undress, strip or cast off (clothes,
gloves, etc.) from the person.
i-Hluba, «. 2. The slough of a snake.
ukuti-HLUBU, v. i.=-iiku-Hlubuluka.
uku-Hlubula, v. t. To strip off, as to pull
off the sheath or covering from the
maize-cob.
um-HlubuIo, 11. 6. The flesh near the
kidneys.
uku Hlubuhlubula, v. To open the mouth
and show the teeth often : wahlubuhlubiila
amazinyo, he showed his teeth often.
— Hlubuluka, v. Of the skin of a sore, to
peel off, so that the flesh is exposed.
— Hlubulula, V. To strip off completely
the skin from the tail of an animal, or to
pluck bare a bird's neck.
isi-Hluku, n. 4. (a) Spite, hatred for an old
offence, (b) Small detached quantities or
parties.
uku-HlukuhIa, r. t. To shake, pull, drag a
person violently; to shake a liquid in a
bottle or calabash; to shake a sieve, i.e. to
sift ; cf. uku-Hlokohla.
in-TlukuhIa, /;. 3. The projection of the
lower stomach when a living bullock is
torn open; the fat on the liver which
appears first in this process and is used
to appease the departed ancestors.
um-Hluma, n. 6. The Red mangrove,
Rhizophora mucronata Lam.
uku-HLUMA, V. i, To come up, put forth
leaves, grow, shoot: imifuno iyahluma
kakuhle, the vegetables grow beautifully;
intsimi ehluma imit'i, a garden that brings
forth trees; lamtitu uyahluma, that person is
prospering; cf. uku-Cuma.
in-TIumo, n. 3. Growth.
isi tiluma, /2. 4. A shoot, sprout.
isi-Hlumo, n. 4. Fertility.
uku-Hlumela, v. To come or grow forth
on; to sprout out from (as shoots from
162
HL
the side of a Kafircorn-stalk, or as
young branches from a tree stump
which has been cut down).
i-Hlumelo, n. 2. A young sprout from an
old stalk or tree; fig. a descendant.
in-Tlumelo, «. 3. Sprout, (usually applied
to young sprouts from an old plant, e.g. a
Kafircorn-stalk which has been left in
the ground after reaping).
uku tilumelela, v. To grow in continu-
ance; to propagate or produce.
— Hlumisa, v. To cause, make or let grow,
shoot, bud, etc.
— Hlumisela, v. To make to sprout for:
ndiya knyihlumisela upondo iiidlu ka-
Sirayeli, I will make a horn to bud forth
for the house of Israel.
uku-Hlumba, v. t. To be full and heaped up.
um-Hlumbi, n. 6. The heap on a measure
of corn ; euphem. the hymen.
uku-Hlumbisa, v. To fill and heap up.
isi-HIunga, «. 4. The white sugarbush,
Protea hirta Klotzsch.
i-Hlungu, n. 2. A spot which has recently
been cleared by burning off the grass.
ubu-HLUNQU, n. 7. Poison, venom: inyoka
itwbiihlungu, the snake is poisonous; an
antidote, a medicine for illness of a
poisonous nature.
When meat is insipid, it is believed to be
due to the fact that the animal has been
Jcilled by a man with ubuhlungu, i.e. by a
man who had been bitten by a snake. If a
bull-calf dies in castration, the cause of
death is attributed to ubulilungu in the
castrating person, who may have drunk the
gall of a snake.
Used as adj. Painful, pained, grieved,
grievous: intloko yam ibuhlungu, my head is
painful ; intliziyo yam ibuhlungu, my heart is
grieved; wateta indawo ebuhlungu, he said
something painful; umfazi ubuhlungu, a
woman has sorrow ; ukufa kwake kubuhlungu
kuni, his death grieves me; fig. umhlobo
obuhlungu, one's best friend ; izinto ezibuMu-
ngu, the very nicest things; cf. in-Tlungu.
ubu lilungu bedila, //. 7. Clytia hirsuta
Muil., used for milt and gall sickness.
ubu Hlungu benamba, or bemamb^,
«. 7- The name applied to various species
of Melianthus Linn., used for snake and
in-Tonjane bites, and for gall sickness in
goats.
ubu Hlungu benyoka, «. 7. Applied to
HL
one of the Geraniaceae, Monsonia ovata
Cav.; also to the Poison-bush, Acocan-
thera venenata 6^. Don.
ubu Hlungu benyushu, n. 7. Teucrium
africanum Thtin., used for snakebites,
milt sickness, sore throat, etc.
ubu-Hlungu beramba, «. 7. A medicinal
plant used for snakebites.
ubu-HIungu besigcau, n. 7. Crabbea
hirsuta Harv., used for snake and
tarantula bites, milt-sickness, toothache.
uku-Hlungisa, v. To cause pain; to pain:
yena akatidihlungisanga, he has not
grieved me (of recent use).
uku-Hlungula, v. t. To shake, so as to bring
the husks or chaff to the top; to move a
mass in a circular way, hence, to sift out.
i-Hlungulo, H. 2. That which is sifted out
(corn).
isi-Hlungulo, n. 4. A sieve.
uku-Hlunguleka, v. Fit to be sifted; to
become sifted.
uku-Hlunguzela, v. To shake the head.
— Hlunguzelela, v. To shake the head at.
i-HlunguIu, n. 2. The white-necked raven,
Corvultur albicollis (Lath.) ; used jokingly
for ministers in black attire with white
collars: ngamahlungulu kupela idolopu yase-
Qonce ngaleveki, there's nothing but
ministers in King Williamstown this week,
um-Hlungulu, «. 6. (a) The Wild laurel,
Ocotea bullata. (b) A small tree, Euclea
macrophylla E. Mey.
um-Hlunguti, n. 6. A species of soft-wooded
tree, used as a hedge round kraals.
ukuti-Hlunu, v. i. To have muscle as well as
skin torn off or torn down ; cf. ukutt-Hliizu
and uku-Hlunuzeka.
isi-Hlunu, n. 4. A lump of meat without
bone ; a muscle.
uku-Hlunukeza, v. i. Em. To shake one's
arms up and down ; to jolt, hurt.
uku-HIunuzeka, v. i. To have fallen off in
flesh ; fig. to be hurt in the heart.
uku-Hlunza, v. t. To eat milk with
Hlunza, — Ncunza.
um-Hlunza, n. 6. A brush with a bushy
end, made of rushes, with which milk is
eaten.
uku-Hlupa, V. t. To cause anxiety,
convenience.
uku-Hlupeka, v. To be anxious, to toil in
vain,
uku-Hlupeza, v. t. pass, hlutyezwa, and hlu-
tshezwa. To cause a dog to be ferocious by
giving it the hair of a lion or other fero-
HL
cious animal roasted in the fire, or by
mixing pounded bones of leopards with its
food ; to make a man courageous and
strong by giving him snake-poison to
drink; to tie a piece of lion's or ratel's
skin or a leopard's claw round the neck to
make one fierce, firm : tidihlutsheziwe, I am
made courageous ; cf. uku-Hlopisa.
isi-Hluta, n. 4. Em. Long hair; = /5/-7/toiVfl.
uku-Hluta, V. i. (short 'a') perf. hluti. To be
satisfied with food : ndihluti, I have enough
of food.
in-Tluta, «. 3. Sufficiency.
uku-Hlutisa, v. To satisfy with food; to
satiate : kuyahlutisa ukudla oku, this food
is very satisfying.
uku-Hlflta, V. t. (long 'a') To take away from
another with violence; to rob, deprive of:
ndiyihluti kuye or ndimhlnte imali yoke, I
took his money from him by force ; uhlu-
tiwe timntwana, the child is lost to you;
ukuze singayihlutwa lento, that we may not
be deprived of this; to tear off skin.
uku-Hlutela, v. To take violently for
another: akuhltitt elo-na, akuhlutele lona
u-Kemoshe ii-tixo wako? wilt thou not
possess that which Chemosh thy god
giveth thee to possess ?
ukuti-Hlutu, V. i. To tear off (skin only).
uku-HLUZA, V. t. To strain: hluza ubisi,
strain the milk; to refine (silver).
in-Tluzo, n. 3. A sieve, strainer, filter; the
residue which remains from filtering,
straining or sifting; sediment, dregs,
bran, pollard.
um-Hluzi, «. 6. Broth, gravy, soup of
meat; strained fluid; extract, essence.
um-HIuzI, n. 6. A strainer : twihluzi-matyala,
lit. a strainer of guilt; the solicitor-
general.
ukuti-Hluzu, V. i. Of skin or bark, to peel
off ; of corn, to be sifted out.
uku-Hluzula, v. t. To tear off (a branch);
cf. uku-Xuziila.
uku-Hlwa, pass, of uku-Hln. To decline:
kuya kusihlwa, the day is declining; to grow
late, become evening: sekuhlwile, it is
already late in the day, i.e. it is evening;
akukahlwi, it is not yet late in the day.
n. 8. The decline of the day, the evening:
siya kufika ngokuhlwa, we shall arrive in the
evening; woza ngokuhlwa, you must come
in the evening.
— Hlwelwa, v. To be benighted : «rf/A/w^-
night has overtaken me.
163
HL
— Hlwi^a, V. Woba yinqamhi ah/wise, he
shall be unclean until the even.
um-Hlwa, «. 6. Rust; any corroding matter ;
fig. a moth.
-HlwaTusa'." } "■ '• To smack .he Hps or
mouth after eating; to relish; to have a
taste for and want more of: atnazwi
alcswa ?igokufilwabusayo, words which are
read with relish ; to crave for something,
(stronger than ukii-Kanuka) ; to chew in
haste in order to get more; to chew the
cud.
i-Hlwantsi, //. 2. A splinter of heated iron
or stone when hammered : amahlwantsi
etigqde, snowflakes.
u-Hlwati, H. 5. An edible plant resembling
parsley ; fig. sweetness, a sweet taste.
uku-HIwatiza, v. i. (a) To blow through
(wind), (b) To speak in a loud manner;
to make a row: mtis'ukuhlwatiza uktiteta
kivnko, do not talk so loud.
u-Hlwaya, n. 5. Small shot.
uku-HLWAYELA, v. t. To sow : bahlwaycia
imhcwu yabo, they sow their seed.
um-HlwayelJ, «. I. A sower of grain.
in-Tlwayelo, v. 3. Seed-corn.
um-HIwayelo, «. 6. A small present for a
doctor.
uku-HIwayelela, v. To sow to or for.
in-Tlwayelelo, w. 3. A bag made of rushes
for preseiving seed.
um-Hlwazi, n. 6. (a) Bushman's tea, a species
of Phylica; (the green leaves are chewed
on a journey to give strength), (b) A green,
harmless water-snake, also a small green
tree-snake.
isi-Hlwele, w. 4. The retinue or suite of a
chief; a company of soldiers under one
officer; a town council, parliament, choir
(it never means a promiscuous number nor
a very great one).
i-Hlwempu, «. 2. A poor, destitute, or
despicable person; fem. ihlwcnipukasi ;
dimin. ihhvcntshana.
ubu-HIwempu, n. ?• Poverty; dimin.
ubuhlwcntshana.
uku-HIwempuza, v. i. To become poor.
— Hlwempuzeka, v. To have become
poor: sikiibonile ukuhlwempuzeka kwaki,
we have seen his becoming poor.
— HlwempuzJsa, v. pass, hlwentslmsisiva.
To cause poverty, to make poor.
um-Hlwenga, n. 6. The mane or bristles
of an animal.
HL
i-HIwili, and i-HJwilihlwiU, n. 2. Coag-
ulated blood; a clot of blood; that which
is red like clotted blood.
isi-Hlwita, «. 4. Sing. only. Bushy hair;
the crest of a bird.
Ho! inter j. denoting the act of striking:
wandilsho lid! he struck me \ = Hele !
Ho ! intcrj. of lamentation, aversion: lite-ho
ilanga, what unbearable heat !
Ho oyi! ««/^;/ of sorrow and reproof; h6
oyi, wenza-ni ! what are you doing,
wretch !
ama-Ho, n. 2. pi. Big words of no import.
i-Hobe, n. 2. (a) Generic name for doves;
a tame pigeon, (b) A piece of a corn field
left uncut for the reapers.
um-Hobe, n. 6. (a) The exulting song after
war : babeta umhobe, they sang the song of
triumph, (b) A joyous song sung at a
circumcision, in-Tonjane, or marriage dance.
i-Hobohobo, n. 2. A weaverbird, with special
reference to the Spotted-backed weaver
bird, Ploceus spilonotus Vig. The native
children, listening to the uproar of this
species at its nesting-haunts, sing: ngama-
hobohobo cndele fidawonye, the weaverbirds
are married at one place.
i-Hodi, n. 2. The antbear, Orycteropus afer
(Pallas).
isi-Hogo, «. 4. A deep pit, with spikes
inserted in it, made to catch game and
wild animals; isihogo somlilo, lit. a pit of
fire, i.e. hell.
i-Hogu, M. 2. The payment for a woman who
is to be used as a concubine. It is dis-
tinguished from i-Kazi, not only because it
is never given for a wife, but also because
it never exceeds one animal or article; its
verb is not lobola, but rola.
Hoha, interj. Leave off! (in fighting and
disputing); slop! (in wagondriving).
u-Hoha, «. 5. An armistic, truce.
i-Hokoha, n. 2. A deep hole nearly but not
quite filled with corn; fig. ulihokoha, it is
insatiable, said of the ocean.
um-Hokwane, «. 6. Beads worn round the
neck by lying-in women.
uku-HOLA. V. i. To run away wildly, as a
horse in bolting, or as people in a panic; to
be panic stricken, (from Du. hollen?).
u-Hola, n. I. A way that is broad, high and
long: uhola wendlela, a main road, high-
way.
i-Hola, «. 2. A wandering, unstable person:
ulihola, he is not stable in locality or in
thought, he is a vagrant.
Ho
isi-HoIo, n. 4. A person with no under-
standing, a fool.
i-HoIohoIo, n. 2. A hollow thing: izwi laki
lihololwlo, his voice is hollow (after sick-
ness).
ubu-Holoholo, «. 7. Hollowness.
u Holweni, n. l. A small, swift hare which
runs in a straight line.
uku-HOMB'A, (long'o'), v. i. pass, honjwa.
To dress in fine apparel ; to deck oneself
out ; of the sky, to be beautifully adorned
with spotted or streaky clouds: kuko u?ntitu
obiibileyo kuba isibakabaka sihdmbile, some
one is dead, for the sky is decked out (if
the spots are small, atnfakavifaka, they
show that a short-haired person i.e. a
Native is dead; if the clouds are long and
streaky, they show that a long-haired
person i.e. a European is dead.)
i-Homba, n. 2. A person who likes to
adorn himself.
isa-Homba and isa-Hombe, ??. 4. (a) The
Lesser Cape Bishop bird, Euplectes
capensis approximans/'Caft.y. (b) A tufted
ornament, (c) A special arrangement of
clouds, described under uku-Homba.
isi-Homb6, w. 4. Fine ornaments on a
garment, or on the person.
ubu-Homba, n. 7. Adornment.
uku-Hombela, v. To dress for: ulio-
tnhel'umtshato, he is dressed for a
marriage ; to attract attention to oneself.
— Hombisa, v. To beautify by apparel
and ornaments; to deck out.
— ^Hombisela, v. To deck out for: njengo-
intshakazi ehonjisdwc indoda yoke, like a
bride adorned for her husband.
isi-Homo, w. 4, (a) A large meeting of
people who unanimously give a shout of
praise to one whom they wish to honour:
benza isihomo, they shouted praise, (b) The
prevailing subject of talk.
u-Hongohongo, w. 5. A person who speaks
long without a break.
isi-Honqa, n. 4. A Zulu word, used by Kafirs
for in-Te?idelezo.
u Honyo, «. 5. A place which is bottomless.
Ho oyi ! intcrj, see under Ho.
uku-tiopala, v. i. To trot, gallop: hopala
kuhle, lendawo iyehla, trot nicely, this place
is steep (said by the umtakatt to his
baboon).
ukutl-HOR'o, V. i. To boast: uzenze horo, he
boasts, is proud. (Probably from Du. hoog). I
HO
uku-HOT'A, V. i. To seclude oneself, as a
bride does for some time after her
marriage, during which time she performs
such offices as cooking, drawing water,
bringing firewood, sweeping, kindling the
fire for her parents-in-law.
isi-Hota, n. 4. A secluded spot.
ukuti-Hoto, V. i. To take and follow a road
without turning out of it.
i-Hotyazana, n. 2. Dimin. of i-Hobe. The
Namaqua dove, Oena capensis (L.). The
name may also be applied to the Laughing
Dove, Turtur senegalensis (L.).
uku Hoya, v. i. To be concerned for or on
account of; to trouble about; to pay
regard to : lomfo akayihoyi iiniyalelo ka-yise,
this fellow pays no regard to his father's
commands.
isi-Hoyo, n. 2. Concern, care for one,
sympathy, pity; dimin. usisihoyana, Yie \^
to be pitied.
Hoyo! \\oy\ni\ interj. Halloo!
Hukul /«f^r/. Used in hunting and setting
on : go at it ! to the army : advance !
uku- H Ola, V. i. To run off the road ; to
wander off the way; cf. uku-Hola.
isi-Hula, «. 4. A person going out of the
road : a hare turning off the path when
being coursed.
i-HULE, «. 2. A prostitute (Du. hoer).
uku-HULA, V. i. To play the harlot.
isi-Huluhulu, n. 2. Probably Woodford's
owl, Syrnium woodfordi A. Sni. Its cry is
rendered as zva gxebe, wa gxebe, wa ndlebe
zenja. This is the takata-ing owl, that goes
in for witchcraft ; uftibesi doesn't. A care-
less, thoughtless, stupid, senseless fellow.
isi-Humba, «. 4, Smut in corn.
Humhutn 1 interj. The sound made by the
amagqwira.
um-Hungane, n. 6. Kind of bead-work. See
um-Hokwane.
i-Hunge, n. 2. A vagrant, vagabond.
uku-Hunguza, To go about aimlessly from
place to place ; = ukti-Hiliza.
Huntshu I interj. of exultation, used in
crowing over a vanquished foe. Victory !
on to victory I
isi Hunuha, n. 4. A daring, fierce-looking
person.
Hush! interj. The sound made to the
accompaniment of the tiku-Hushiza, = Wush.
uku-Hushiza, and Hushuza, v. t. To
wave a new-born child to and fro. when
the custom of uku-Pehlelela is performed.
165
T has two sounds; it is (a) short, like y ii
English city, in unaccented syllables, as:
waheka ktit't, he turned to us; and in accented
syllables where the / precedes m or « in a
singular noun of more than one syllable, as
inkoino, a cow;
(b) long, like / in routine, in all other
accented syllables : thia, we ; and before m
and n when it is a contraction of the
plural izim and izin: inio = izinto, things;
and when it is a contraction of ///, 2 cl. :
ihashe from tlihashe, a horse.
1. I changes before vowels into the semi-
vowel y; (a) in the Poss. particle: indlu tan,
into yam, my house; imasi iabantu into
yabantu, the cow of the people ;
(b) in the Pron. emphat. of 3 cl. sing, and
6 cl. plur. : iona into yona, it or they; kuio
into kiiyo, to or from it or them ;
(c) in the Aorist: imali yam yalahleka, my
money was lost ;
(d) in the Condit. future: indoda iotanda
into yotanda, the man shall love ;
(e) in vowel verbs: intsimi iomile into
yomile, the garden is dry.
2. It is the Neg. verb, termination (a) of
the pres., imperf. and future tenses: andi-
tandi, I do not love ; bendingahambi, I was
not walking ; andiyl kudla, I shall not eat ;
(b) of the Potent, and Condit. mood : ndi-
ngeteti, I may not speak ; tigcndingahambi, I
would or should not walk; see A. 2.
With some verbs, when adverbially used,
this neg. / changes into e : titando aluze
lupalale, love never faileth ; nize ningabuye
nibanjwe, be ye not entangled again; cf. uku-
Fumana,
3. It terminates nouns of I cl. derived
from verbs: umhatnbi, a traveller, from
ukuhamba, to walk; umlimX, a ploughman,
from ukulima, to plough.
4. It forms (a) the Prefix of some words
belonging to 3 cl., especially those taken
from other languages: i-festile, window,
iq'tya, handkerchief; cf. Im and In.
(b) Pron. svbj. of 3 cl. sing.: imazi xsengi-
we, the cow has been milked; and 6 cl. pi.:
imilambo \zele, the rivers are full; and
before adjectives: lento imndndi, this thing
is pleasant; lento imnandi, this pleasant
thing. It may sometimes be preceded by v
to avoid hiatus : mayitande or maitande, let
it love.
(c) when preceded by y, Pron. obj. of 3 cl.
sing. : ndiyisengile imazi, I have milked the
166
cow; and of 6cl. plur.: ndayhvela imilambd,
I passed over the rivers.
I (long) 1 ititerj. Expressing contempt of that
which is threatened or given.
I (short)! interj. { = ina!) i, nanga amasi ! take,
here is some milk!
ukw-Iba, V. t. To steal; see ukU-Ba IV.
ul-Ibo, n. 5. The first maize and first-ripe
pumpkins taken and eaten secretly by
the women, hence used for the first- fruit
of the garden; cf. in-Tlahlela.
Ibe, Aux. in forming the imperf., pluperf., and
fut. imperf. tenses of 3 cl. sing.: intombl ibe
itanda, contrac. ibitanda, the girl was or has
been loving; and of 6 cl. plur.: imiti ibe
ingayi kuhluma, the trees were not going to
grow ; see uku-Ba, I, 2. (a).
Ibi, Aux. contrac. from ibe i, see Ibe.
Ihi I interj. I told you so! Just as I thought!
ukw-lhia, V. i. To descend, happen; see
ukii-Hla.
-ile, Verb, termination of the perf. and pluperf.
tenses, (a) Positive: ndimbonWe, I have seen
him. When the emphasis is to be on the
object or some adjunct of the action and not
on the action itself, it is contracted into
?: ndimbone ehamba, I have seen him walk-
ing; ndimbone apa, I have seen him here;
ndimbone ndamtanda, I have seen him and
loved him ; not to be confounded with the
pres. conj. ndimbon^, and see him.
(b) Negative: ile is used when the perf.
expresses a state or is equivalent to an
adjective: akafile, he is not dead; but when
it expresses an act, it is changed into anga:
akatetanga, he did not speak.
Hi, Pref. of 2 cl. sing.: ili-zwi, word; in the
case of stems with two or more syllables
contrac. into i : i-hashe, horse.
Im, Pre/, of some nouns of 3 cl.: im-vti, a
sheep. Before words whose stems com-
mence with m, the m of the prefix is omitted
in writing: i-Mfama from im-Mfama.
ukw-Ima, v. To stand; see uku-Ma.
I mi, Pref. of 6 cl. plur.: imihla, days.
In, Pref. of words belonging (a) to 3 cl. sing.:
in-dawo, place ; (b) to 3 cl. and 5 cl. plur. of
nouns of two or more syllables where it is
a contraction for izin-: inkomo, indonga.
Before nouns, the stems of which commence
with n, the n of the prefix is elided : i-Nqwelo,
for in-Nqwelo, wagon.
Ina, interj. calling a person's attention: Here,
take this!
IN
ukw-lndia, «. 8. The time when the har-
vest is brought in; autumn; loc. ekwindla,
at the harvest time ; kusekwindla, it is at the
harvest time; eyokwindla (inyanga), the
month of March.
Inga, I. (a) Verb. pref. of Potent, mood, 3 cl.
sing, and 6 cl. plur.: lendawo in^SL-tetwa, this
matter may be conversed about ; imil'i inga-
gaulwa, the trees may be cut down.
(b) Aux. of Condit. mood : irikabi ingayi-
botshwa or ingeyibotshwa , the bullock would
be yoked ; imitandazo ingaiviwa or ingeyiviwa
or ngeyiviwa, the prayers would be heard.
2. Pres. tense of the same classes of iiku-
Nga, (a) and (b).
3. Neg. verb. pref. of 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl.
plur. (a) in dependent sentences: yibambe
inkabi vigabaleki, hold fast the bullock that
it may not run away ; tidincede ukuze imiza-
mo yam ingabi luto, help me that my efforts
may not be in vain.
(b) In Conditional sentences: imbewu yam
ngeyingapuini, my seed should not come up ;
imisebenzi yam Jigey'ingaviizwanga, my
labours would not have been rewarded.
(c) In relative sentences: nditeta lento
ingdiziwayo nini, I speak of this thing which
you do not know; ndayiwelalomilamboinga-
tshiyo, I crossed those rivers which do not
dry up.
(d) In the imperative mood : letnazi may-
ingasengwa, this cow must not be milked;
lemigibe maylngapatwa, these traps must not
be touched.
Before ka, ko, na, and some adjectives
inga is changed into inge: ndafika mgeka-
pekwa inyama, I arrived before the meat
was cooked; ndawela ingekazali imilambo,
I forded the rivers before they were full;
funa lenkabi IngQkdyo, look for the ox which
is not here ; usenga lenkomo ingenainasi, you
milk this cow which is without, i.e. has no
milk.
Ingabi, conj. Lest it be that.
Inge, I. Aux. of condit. mood, see Inga i. (b).
2. Neg. verb. pref. of 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl.
plur. of Potent, mood: londoda ingefiiki
IN
(contrac. from ay'ingefiki), that man may
not arrive; lemisesane inge fakwe nini, these
rings may not be put on by you.
4. It is used impersonally (neutral) in the
sense of "save," i.e. besides: andibatandi
ingenguwe wediva, I dislike them, with the
exception of you only; akuko t'lxo ingendim,
there is no God besides me.
Ini ? interrog. prori. What ? see Nina.
ukw-Ipa, V. t. To pluck, gather: see uku-
Pa, II.
ukw- 1 sa, V. t. To take ; see uku-Sa, II.
ukw-Isaba, w. To flee; see uku-Saba.
Ish 1 ishi 1 interj. of surprise and prohibition.
Go away I you tire me out I
Isi, Pref. of 4 cl. sing: isitya, vessel.
ukw-Isuka, v. i. To start up and get out of
the way ; see iikuSuka.
ukw-lta, V i. Em.=:Kaf. uku-Wuta, con-
trac. uku-Ta. To sink down, subside,
decrease ; amanzi atile or awutile, Em. etile,
the water subsided; fig. to lose hope or
heart; to be dispirited, depressed, cast
down: ndite amandla, lit. my strength is
gone, i.e. I despair; uknba batandaze bangeti
amandla, that they should pray and not faint.
The following forms are to be dis-
tinguished: abbrev. rel. 2 cl. pi. atd or eta,
who or which subside ; absol. past, ata or
eta, they subsided; conj. past, ata or eta,
and they subsided ; short, pres. dta or eta,
they subside.
— Itisa, V. To cause to sink down; to
dispirit, make despondent.
ukw-Iva, t;. /. To hear, feel; see iiku-Va.
-iwe, Termination of perf. and pluperf. of
passive voice : ndiqtityiwe lutando, I have
been urged by love, whereas ndiqutywe
lutando lays stress on titando.
Iwul interj. of exciting to hunt; warcry
calling to arms.
Ize, conj. That, in order that, to the intent
that; see uku-Za.
Izi, Pref. of 4. cl. plur. : izitshetshc, knives.
!r;crr™Vn'"l/'-/-<>f3a„d5c,.plur.:
izimvu, sheep ; iziiit'i, laths.
ukw-Iza, V. i. To come; see uku-Za.
J
J has the soft sound of the English y in
James and Jane.
ukuli-Ja, V. i. To have the hair or skin
ruffled by disease or anger : lenkomo iyafa,
ite-ja uboya, this cow is ill, it has its hair
167
standing up; inja ite-ja umnyele, the dog
has the hair on its neck raised, has put up
its back ; lovuitu ute-ja ubuso, this man is
frowning, displeased, or angry, = uku-Jala.
n-Ja, n. 3. A dog: inj' induna, a male dog,
JA
as distinguished from a bitch; inja yomoya,
lit. a wind dog, i.e. a hound, fig. a ne'er-do
well, a tramp, a vagabond ; inja yamangcsi
or elingesi, a greyhound ; inja yakomkulu, lit.
a dog of government, i.e. a police con-
stable ; fig. an utterly despicable person :
ndiyinja yako, I am your humble servant.
Fem. injakazi, a bitch; see in-Tlangu.
Dimin. injana. Phr. ixcsha lidliwe yinja,
time has been eaten by the dog, i.e. time is
scarce, shewn e.g. by a person sewing
while eating.
ubun-Ja, n. 7. Rudeness.
in-Jabavii, n. 3. A wild, fierce-looking
person, reddish from anger ; fig. brandy.
uku Jabula, i;. {. To be glad, joyful, merry:
amahashc ayajabula, the horses jump about
playfully; siyajabula ngokufika kwenu opa,
we are much pleased at your coming here.
in-Jabulo, w. 3. Gladness, cheerfulness, joy.
uku Jabulisa, v. To gladden; to make
merry.
ukutl-JACE, t'. /. To break asunder: intambo
zat'i-jace, the thongs broke suddenly; to be
tattered, become ragged; fig. to expire, die
suddenly.
uku Jaca, v. t. To break or cut asunder
(a thong or rope) : uyijacile intambo, he
has broken the thong in two. Some-
times ukujaca is used without an object :
kade ndijaca lemini andiftimananga nto, I
have been on the go all day, and found
nothing.
— Jaceka, v. To be broken: imHya yaja-
ceka, the thongs were broken ; to be in a
tattered state; ingubo seyijacekile, the
garment is already tattered.
— Jacisa, v. To tatter; to make ragged.
i-Jacu, n. 2. A rag, tatter.
ubu-Jacu, n. 7. A state of raggedness or
poverty; dimin. ubtijacivana.
uku-Jacula, v. t. To go without anything
on, or clothed in rags.
— Jaculela, v. To wait or expect to
receive, as a needy one.
— Jacuzela, v. To go about in rags; to go
without knowing whither one is going.
isi-Jadu, n. 4. An assemblage of boys who
go to the umtshotsho dance.
ukuti-JADU, V. i. To break out in eruptions
on the skin.
uku-Jaduka, = uhiti Jadu.
— Jadukisa, v. To cause pustules to
appear on the body.
uku-Jadula, v. To excite an eruption.
168
JA
in-Jadula. n. 3. A kind of eruption on the
body.
i Jaja, «. 2. A person all blood-stained, e.g.
after having received a terrible beating:
uUjaja ligazi, he is covered with blood.
ukuti-Jaju, V. i. To jump backward, as sheep
when frightened ; fig. to depart displeased
and in haste when addressed.
uku-Jajula, v. i. To jump away, as a cow
does, when refusing to be milked, or as a
person does when unwilling to do some-
thing ; to be impatient and restless, as an
untrained animal, when caught.
i-Jaka, n. 3. A company of people attending
the in-Tlombe; a party of young females
who assemble at the in-Tonjane dance.
uku-Jakatya, v. i. To leap from branch to
branch, as a monkey.
— Jakatyeka, v. To walk in a jerky
manner, flinging or tossing the arms; to
fling away despitefully that which has
been given.
i-Jako, n. 2. A rafter; the beam which lies on
the intsika in a house, to bear the thatch,
etc.
uku-Jakuba, v. i. To speak earnestly or
boldly; to be spirited, as a horse ; = ititw-
Jtikutya.
uku-Jakuja, v. i. To dance as boys do,
throwing the upper part of their bodies
into contortions, while moving forward on
their huiiocks; — iiku-Tshotsha.
uku Jakutya, v. i. To be spirited, as a horse
which throws its head up and down.
u-Jakutya, «. l. The name of a Kafir song.
uku-JALA, V. i. (a) To seem displeased; to
be peevish; to frown from anger; to be
excited, passionate, angry, said of a bull
when his hairs bristle; fig. amasi ajalile,
the thick milk is bad, has too much water
in it. (b) To appear to be sickly.
um-Jalo, n. I. One who is displeased; who
appears or seems to be displeased.
in-Jalane, «. 3. An ill-natured, peevish,
malicious person.
uku-Jalela, v. To frown upon one.
— Jalisa, V. To excite bad temper or a
peevish disposition; to cause to frown;
to provoke, make angry.
i-jALlMAN, n. 2. (a) A German, (b) A
florin (which as a new coin is said to have
been habitually passed off by a German
trader for a half-crown).
uku-JAMA, V. i. To stare, gape; to look
longingly at the articles in a shop-window,
Sternness of counten-
JA
When a man stands in a shop, not buying,
but simply watching the customers, they
say: lamntu uyajama, that man is staring at
us.
isi-Jama, n. 4. A person ready to fight:
isijama 7thingwini, one ready to fight for
the mist, i.e. for nothing.
u-Jamo, M. 5. I
ubu-Jamo, n. 7, J
ance, severity.
uku-Jamela, v. pass, janyelwa. (a) To look
fiercej standing in a stern, defiant
position with stiff neck, as enraged dogs,
or bulls about to fight, (b) To look
sternly, angrily, defiantly on or at a
. person; to defy, reprove by look; to look
frowning: undijamela-iiina? why do you
frown so at me ?
— Jamelana, v. To look sternly, etc., at
each other.
uku-Jamba, v. i. To look or to be angry.
— Jambisa, v. To cause anger.
u-Jamjam, n. 5. }^\inger, = n-Dyamdyam.
u-Jangajanga, n. 5. A restless, active person.
uku-Jangaza, v. i. To wander about or be
working during several successive days
without accomplishing the object in view,
or effecting one's purpose.
— Jangazisa, v. To cause to wander
about, etc.
in-Janjalafa, n. 3. A furious one; a strong
brave man ; a hero.
uku-Janqela, v. i. To lag behind, tarry.
i-Janqela, n. 2. One left behind: indoda
ilijanqela, the man is unable to walk,
lags behind; intvula ilijanqela, the rain
comes later than expected, or has not
the desired effect, being dried up by the
sun.
i-Jafa, n. 2. (a) A gang of robbers, murderers.
With the Fecanes it meant young uncir-
cumcised men. (b) Calves which are still
sucking.
i-Javele, «. 2. That which is insipid.
i-Javujavu, n. 2. Anything which is insipid
or vapid, as watery pumpkins; foolish talk,
that no one listens to ; = isi-Maka.
uku-Jeca, v. t. (a) To cut off or through with
one cut. (b) To put things into a variety of
forms, (c) To do a thing quickly and finish
it at once. v. i.- To have griping in the
bowels.
— Jecana, v. To provoke one another to
quarrel.
in-Jece, n. 3. Idle gossip: injece yahantu
JE
ababini, a love-letter. Phr. yinjece yabantu
ababini, don't interfere in other people's
quarrels.
u-Jejane, «. l. (a) The Paradise Flycatcher,
Tchitrea perspicillata {Sw.), with a long
red tail; fig. a long-tailed red coat, (b)
Chlorophytum comosum Baker, a medicine
given to a child as a purgative on the day
of its birth.
isi-Jejane, n. 4. Crying continuously: usi^
jejane, he remains crying (from fear, anger
or compassion).
i-Jeke, n. 2. A poor, lean calf; pi. poor,
exhausted, scattered people, = int-Sali.
in-Jeke, n. 3. The lowest stomach of rumina-
ting animals, the perquisite of the women
in a slaughtered animal.
i-JekezI, «. 2. The evacuation of an infant
or of a calf during the first few days after
birth.
um-Jeku, n. 6. A motion of the arm extended
and raised in harangue.
uku-Jekula, v. i. To gesticulate in speak-
ing; to toss the head, get angry and go
away.
uku-Jela, v. t. (a) To make a mark or raise
a weal by a blow : wamjela induma, he beat
him so as to cause a weal, (b) To blow
water and tobacco-smoke from the mouth
through a reed, tube, or pipe ; fig. to make
a water-furrow ; fig. to drink Kafirbeer.
i-Jelo, n. 2. A tube to spurt water through,
used when smoking the impeko; a tele-
scope; pi. guttering and down piping.
um-Jela, n. 6. The so-called Quinine tree,
Rauwolfia natalensis Sond., branches of
which are used for making dagga whistles
by removing the pith.
um-Jelo, n. 6. (a) A waterfurrow. (b) A
highway, wagonroad (obsolete).
■Jembenxa, n. 2. A splay foot. See in-
Tshembenxa.
isi-Jengejenge, n. 4. Crying continuously:
usi-Jengejenge, he remains crying ; = /5/-
Jejane.
in-Jengele, n. 3. (a) A courageous man; a
hero ; a wrathful person who does not care
for anybody, (b) The severe dysentery
which raged in 1802.
ubun-Jengele, n. 7. Heroism, bravery,
fury, rage.
uku-Jengqa, v. t. To cut (a tight rope) ; to
cut meat across the fibre ; of a dog, to bite ;
of the stomach, to pain.
in-Jengqane, n. 3. A griping colic.
W
169
JE
uku-Jengqajengqa, v. To cut or chop into
small pieces.
i-Jengqe]engqe, «. 2. One who transgresses
frequently.
ubu-Jengqejengqe, n. 7. Frequent trans-
gression.
i-Jengxeba, «. 2. The spur of a fowl; the
inner toe on the forefoot of a dog, sheep,
cow, buck, etc.
i-jENTlMAN, «. 2. (a) A gentleman, (b) A name
given to the Pied Crow, from his showy
black and white plumage •, = t-Gwangwa.
uku-Jeqa, v. t. To cut off i^uku-Jeca.
in Jezu, «. 3. A sidelong glance, a word
used by children mainly in the phrase ucd'
or «/««' injezu, she wants to draw our
attention (by her gaudy dress or by her
walk) ; laqiya yeyeujczu, that qiya makes
people stare at the wearer.
uku-Jezula, v. To look askance; to give a
glance at and then look away.
um-Jezulo, n. 6. Looking askance.
isi- Ji, n. 4. That which is not apparent and is
sought for by investigation; a business
carried on slowly and secretly; a secret.
Pulling in diverse directions; being at
variance, not coming to terms.
um-Jl, n. 6. Variance.
ukuti-JIBILILI, V. i. To change in mind; to
be inconstant in purpose ; to be a turncoat ;
to depart from an understood agreement ;
to be unfaithful to an engagement ; to break
a promise: manditi nina ukuti-jibilili hiyel
how could I be unfaithful to him?
in-Jibilill, «. 3. A person whose face is
bleared with tears or sweat; hence an
ugly, dirtv person ; (used offensively).
uku-Jibilika, v. i. To go back on one's
word, fail to keep one's promise, be un-
faithful to one's engagement.
— Jibiliza, V. t. To rub the eyes when
filled with tears and leave ugly marks on
the face; to cover one's face with red
clay, mud, etc.: ubuso bam ndibujibilize
ngembola, I smeared my face with red
clay ; also = ukuti-jibilili.
um-Jibilizi, w. i. A perverse person; a
turncoat.
uku- Jibilizela, v. = ukut'tjibilili.
uku-Jica, V. t. To work well, to do a thing
efficiently, as when building or plaiting.
i-Jica, «. 2. A person building or plaiting
nicely.
in-Jica, n. 3. A stalk of grass ; an armlet
plaited from it.
170
JI
u-Jidana, w. l. A person with a narrow
waist.
u-JidinI, ;;. I. A white person.
uku-JIJA, V. t. Em. To twist in a general
sense ; to wring (a hen's neck) ; to wring
out wet clothes ; to wind (a watch) ; iyawa-
jija amatumbu, it (strong tea or coffee)
twists the inside ; fig. to twist words ; to
change or turn, e.g. love into hate, pleasure
into pain, water into the appearance of ■
blood ; pass, ukujijwa, to be subject to un-
remitting pain or unceasing desire.
in-Jiji, ?/. 3. A person or animal blind in
one eye. Em. A twister, ropemaker.
um-Jl Jo, n. 6. That which has undergone
an essentiiil change.
uku-Jijana, v. To intertwist, weave.
• — Jijeka, v. To be twisted as a string or
rope; fig. to long and wish for things
better than those possessed.
uku-JijiJa, r. t. To bore as with an awl.
uku-Jijiteka, *•. /. To wince or quiver with
pain, as might be caused by a spicule in
the eye, or a thorn deep in the foot ; to
quiver with rage; to be exceedingly trou-
bled in mind in consequence of having
received some stabbijig news ; to have an
unceasing desire forcing itself on one's
attention.
— Jijitekisa, v. To excite unceasing pain
or desire.
in-JiJivane, n. 3. A tall tree without big
branches, as a cypress; a tall person.
ukuti-JIKE, and uku-Jika, /-. i. To turn
round ; to turn the person from one point
to another ; fig. to turn in mind ; to be un-
faithful. V. t. To turn round : jika isiteiide,
turn your heels, i.e. go back ; jika ilitye lo-
kulola, turn the grindstone; to revolve;
fig. to twist the meaning of words.
i-Jikazi, n. 2. An earring (fi^ora being
turned round).
i-Jlki, n. 2. Kafir beer, (denoting the in-
toxicating effect).
u-Jiko, n. 5. Anything twisted, (a) A
twisted horn, (b) A plant with bulbous
root, (c) An anklet of beads; a twisted
ornament worn round the neck, (d) A
screw, cork-screw, (e) A thin wire, (f)
Corn of any kind when about to come
into ear : amaziinha alujiko, the Kafir-
corn is forming stalks (third stage of
growth). Used as adji Curled.
uku-Jikajika, v. To turn or move fre-
quently round or about in a ciixle, or
hither and thither; to compass: nijika-
jika iilwandle nomhlaba, ye compass sea
Jl
and land ; iiele elijikajikayo, a sword
which turns every way ; to bend out and
in, as a crooked fence; to revolve un-
interruptedly ; fig. to talk incoherently.
i-Jikajika, «. 2. One on whose word no
dependence can be placed.
in-Jikanjika, n. 3. Used as adj. Crooked.
in-Jskenjike, n, 3. A frequent and con-
stant turning, materially or mentally ;
the action of one who denies what he
formerly affirmed.
uku-Jikeka, v. To be turned round or to
be capable of being turned round, to be
twisted : ohisesikweni hipuma hijikekile,
judgment goeth forth perverted.
— Jikela, r. To turn to: inliomo zajikela
kulomzi, the cattle turned round towards
that place; to turn round about an
object : jikela indlii, go round the house ;
to go round a corner ; to put on the q'tya
wrapping it round the head.
u-Jikelo, 11. 5. The style of putting on the
qiya : ujikelo hvamadlebe ekaii, doing up
the q'lya with two ears. Other styles
are ibaku, isisila senkuhi, inkonjane.
um-Jikelo, w. 6. Anything, as a handker-
chief, turned round the head, like a
turban; fig. a race course, circuit: umji-
keh wc-jaji, the circuit-court.
Jikelele, arfy. Round, all round: abanxibi-
jikelcle, all round clothiers ; jikclele vgqu,
round and round and down, i.e. a dog
lying down to sleep ; ftgombuliso omkulu
kiiiii noiike jikclele, with great greetings
to you all round.
uku-Jikeleza, v. To go round in a circle
wujikelezeni umzi, compass the city.
um-Jikelezi, «. l. One who goes round
(to preach the gospel).
in-Jikelezi, «. 3. Going round and round,
e.g. a discussion that comes to no
decision.
um-Jikelezo, ?/. 6. A circle.
uku-Jikajikeleza, v. To turn round and
round about : umoya iihamba ujikajikeleza,
the wind turneth about continually in
its course.
in-Jikanjikeleza, «. 3. A round-about
way ; a winding course.
uku-Jikelezela, v. To turn round about
an object, as a wheel round the axle.
— Jikelezisa, v. To make to go round:
ulitshize igazi esibingelelweni ujikelezise,
sprinkle the blood round about upon the
altar.
JI
— Jikelisa, v. To cause to turn round
an object ; to wind or turn round upon ;
to turn round the corner ; to wrap round.
um-Jikeliso, w. 6. A circle.
uku-Jikelisela, v. To cause to turn
round toward.
— Jikisa, V. To cause to turn about or
round an object from one position to
another; to assist in turning, etc.
— Jikisela, v. To cause to turn round
toward.
uku-Jikica, v. i. To consult carefully
respecting a thing which has to be done, as
when a punishment is to be inflicted ; to
abuse by words.
uku-Jikija, v. i. To pierce a hole in hard
wood with a blunt instrument ; fig. to go
through a small opening with difficulty.
— Jikijisa, v. To cause to go through a
strait, or to pierce hard wood.
in-Jikljane, n. 3. (a) A short, large knobbed
stick, (a) Large posteriors.
um-Jikolo, «. 6. Extraordinary exertions,
such as the ploughing before an impending
epidemic of cattle-disease.
in-Jikwe, n. 3. (a) The bow of the u-Hadi.
(b) Speaking promiscuously.
uku-JILA, II. /. To interweave bushes in a
hedge or kraal fence; to weave small wood
on sticks in making wicker baskets, v. i. To
go about searching ; to quiver with pain.
u-Jilo, ?i. 5. (a) A fence made of wattles,
woven on stakes standing about one
foot apart, (b) The right half of an ox's
or bull's skin, formed into a shield, (c)
A kind of bamboo.
uku-Jilajila, v. To quiver, to be distorted
by pain or anger ; not to have the means
by which to obtain that for which one
longs.
i-Jila, «. 2. A speaker in a public assembly :
esuke amajila ngamajila, speaker after
speaker rose.
um-Jila, «. 6. Anything that is long in
comparison with other things of the same
kind, e.g. a long feather in a cock's tail, a
dress that droops behind, a long scratch on
the face.
u-Jilana, n. i. A person or party com-
missioned to execute an order ; an official.
in-Jilatya, n. 3. A wild, stubborn, obstinate
person who cannot be managed.
in Jimbilili, «. 3. An aged, toothless person,
with the muscles of the face flabby and
hanging, and the mouth when shut drawn
171
down at the corners ; one with bleared
eyes; one, whether old or young, who is
often weeping; fig. sullenness.
in-Jinana, k. 3. Itch in persons; an itching
rash ; a derisive name for refugees.
uku-Jinda, v. t. To back-bite, slander.
um-Jindl, ;;. I. A slanderer, back-biter.
in-Jinga, «. 3. One well versed in a cer-
tain branch of science ; a wealthy person, a
principal man, a leading citizen.
uku-JIN(jA, V. i. To hang, depend; to be
suspended; to swing forwards and back-
wards in the air; to dangle; to wave to and
fro; to hesitate, be in doubt as to how to
act ; to be in suspense.
um-Jingo, n. 6. (a) A rope suspended
between poles for hanging clothes on; a
swing; fig. St. Vitus' dance, (b) That
which is the only one of its kind in
possession.
uku-Jingajinga, v. To swing often, con-
stantly: kujingajinga eziugqondivcni zam, it
is in my mind.
isi-Jingijane, ) . -ru * u- u • •
isi-Jinfijingi,] "• 4. That which is m
constant motion (watch, clock) but
without progress ; that which twists, or
moves round a certain point; fig. any
affection in continual exercise: a
hindrance, impediment, obstacle.
u-Jingijingana, «. I. One going about the
country with no definite or apparent
object in view ; a tall, slender person.
isi-Jingilizane, n. 4. Wavering as to
whether to accompany a person or not.
uku-Jinglsa. v. To cause to swing (a
rope); to hang, suspend; to toss; to
follow closely that which one is
attempting to catch.
ama-Jingiqiwu, n. 2. pi. Unsuccessful
efforts; rambling, pointless speech.
ama-Jingqela, v. 2. pi. People who have
been left behind, who got tired in war, or
were left when others removed from their
residence.
isi-Jingqi, n. 4. A species of aloe.
i-Jingqi-mabala, n. I. One who wishes to
serve everybody.
ukuti-Jingxe, v. i. To hop on one leg.
uku-Jingxela, v. i. To hop o.\ one leg, as
the ama-Zim of the Kafir stories do; to
halt, to be lame.
uku-Jiwula, v. i. To swing, as the hands or
arms by the sides in walking, or a broken
branch in the wind. v. t. Of an elephant, to
swing its trunk to drive away the flies; to
Jl
wield a sword, hatchet or sling with the
hand; to vault; to throw oneself on a horse
or ox.
uku-Jiya, v. i. To become stiff or thick, as
milk or porridge passing out of the liquid
state : ubisi lujiyile, the milk has become
thick; fig. to fall lame ; to be crippled, to
be stiff in the limbs: izito zake zijtyile, his
legs are quite stiff, i.e. he walks lame;
ihashe lijiye ngomkono, the horse is lame in
the foreleg.
— Jiyela, v. To become stiff for: bajiyelwe
kukudla, the food turned stiff for them, i.e.
the food stood long, and consequently
became stiff.
— Jiyisa, contrac. jisa, v. To make thick;
to stiffen by boiling; fig. to cause
lameness.
u-Jiza, n. 5. The Saffron-breasted Wren-
warbler, Prinia hypoxantha (Sharpe).
ukuti-Jize, ) , , s ^ ^ ^- j
uku-Jiza, 1 ^- '• (^) T° P"*' tie round
the head a handkerchief, wreath or crown :
batnti-jize ngesitsaba satneva entloko, they put
a crown of thorns on his head.
ukuti-Jo, V. i. To go beyond, out of sight, as
a horse disappearing over a ridge, or in a
valley.
u-Jobela, «. l. The male Red-collared
Widowbird, Coliuspasser ardens (Bodd.J,
in nuptial plumage. In some districts the
male Pin-tailed Widow-bird, Vidua serena
(L.), in nuptial plumage is also so called.
Males in eclipse plumage and females of
these species are called intakakazi; fig. a
dark-coloured long-tail coat.
ukuti-Jobodo, 7 • t- . ,
uku-Joboda, r- '• To struggle, as as im-
patient animal when caught, or a person
when one is attempting to bind him.
in-Jobodo, «. 3. A long thing; also one
that strugglej.
uku-JOJA, V. i. To sniff; to smell at or out,
as a bull a cow which is not in calf; fig. to
find, as a judge, the true state of a case.
— Jojisa, V. To cause to sniff; to lead a
dog on the scent of game ; fig. to bring
out by mental application the required
idea.
in-Joje, and in-Jojeli, n. 3. That which
excels, distinguishes itself; one who is well
versed in a certain branch of science (a
doctor or artist), in shooting and hitting
well.
■Jojo, «. 2. A sour-grass pasture ; a locality
with moist, damp climate : ilizwe lijojo, the
country is damp.
172
JO
u-Jojo, n. 5. A thin, long stick carried in the
hand.
u-Jojo, n. 5. A considerable number of
people or cattle in a row, one after
another.
um-Jojo, «. 6, Bad luck ; misfortune
repeatedly happening, e.g. getting often
into prison, etc. ; a groundless insinuation.
This word has some connection with
tiku-Nuka.
uku-Jojomeza, v. i. To run hard with a
message.
u-Jojosi, n. 2. A rafter smaller than um-Qadi.
u-Jo|ozana, n. l. A person at a distance, in
view and approaching.
um-Jojozi, w. I. A big lad, from 1 5 to 17
years of age.
uku-JOKA, V. t. ' To keep running after
persistently, as one player may another in
the game icekwa, or as dogs sticking close
to a buck: mus'ukundijoka, don't keep
running after me all the time ; izinja ziyi-
joka inyamakazi zingayiyeki, the dogs keep
chasing the buck without leaving off;
to keep at a person with importunity,
seeking a favour of some kind; to strive
hard to induce a person to consent to the
views of another: wabajoka kunene, he
pressed them hard.
— Jokana, v. To constrain, etc., one
another.
— Jokisa, V. To persist, persevere in doing
a thing: kwaba kukona bajokisayo, but
they were the more urgent.
uku-Jokoca, v. i. To beg in vain.
— Jokocela, v. To go on in a journey, or
with work, as one who is weak or almost
worn out.
uku-Jokomeza, v. i. To scold vehemently ;
to speak violently.
in-Jokwe, «. 3. A number of very red or
dark things.
uku JOLA, V. t. To taste and serve out for
a company, as the master of a feast serves
out the food set before him by the
servants.
in-JoIi, n. 3. (a) One who carves meat,
etc. ; the steward, ruler or master of the
feast, (b) The recorder of a tribe's
history.
uku-JoHsa, V. To take a level with the
eye ; to take aim at a thing, as with a
gun.
uku-Jola, V. t. To steal. A Pondomisi word
used by the Kafirs.
JO
in-Jombe, ;/. 3. The stick with a lion's,
monkey's, or leopard's tail which is placed
in a conspicuous position at the kraal, or
over the house-door of one who is sum-
moned by a chief ; a summons.
During the continuance of the practice
of u-Pundlo, if a young woman refused on
being called to go to the chief's place and
there become the play-thing of the men, a
messenger was sent by the chief to fix the
injombe on her hut or on a hut of her
village. On seeing the dreaded sign, her
friends, in order to save their property,
compelled her to carry it to the chief's
place and become a prostitute. Some of
the girls thus summoned were in the end
married.
i-Jomo, n. 2. A vessel for holding beer.
uku-JONQA, V. i. To stare; to look at
fixedly, threateningly, fiercely, or with
boldness.
in-Jongo, «. 3. Aim, purpose, object.
u-Jongwa lipela, n. 5. Kafir beer.
uku-Jongana, v. To stare at each other:
selejongene nokufa, he is already staring
death in the face.
— Jongela, u. To stare at a person: undi-
jongela-ninaf why are you staring at me ?
in-JongoIo, «. 3. Something red; a herd of
reddish cattle; a field of ripe corn; red
eyes.
i-JONi, «. 2. A soldier, fr. Eng. Johnny,
alluding to the name by which the soldiers
familiarly addressed the Kafirs : singmnkosi
waniajoni, siniken' indawo sitigene, singumtyi-
no wamajoni, we are an army of soldiers,
give us a place that we may come in, we
are a company of soldiers (i.e. we have
come to compete in a singing-competition.)
ubu-JONi, n. 7. Soldiership.
uku-Jonjoloza, v. i. To brawl, especially at
drinking bouts.
uku-Jonjota, v, t. To ask in vain for that
which lawfully belongs to one, but which
is unjustly in the possession of another.
uku-Jonuluka, v. i. To exert oneself in
walking.
uku-Jofa, V. i. To manifest a wilful design ;
to use angry provocative words.
i;i'-Jo?k"«'4. 1 ^ passionate, violent,
irascible, furious, or wild person.
ubu-Jofa, n. 7. Angriness of disposition,
violent commotion of the mind, passion,
fury, rage, savageness.
173
JO
in-Jovane, n. 3. A hotheaded, fiery-
tempered, furious person.
uku-Jozela, v. i. To wend towards a hamlet
where a beast is being slaughtered, or
towards a place where it is hoped some-
thing may be obtained.
i-JOYlNI, n. 3. A gang of labourers for the
mines, fr. Eng. join.
i-Jozl, «. 2. A great assegai.
ukutl-Ju, V. i. To go straight towards with-
out turning aside, e.g. to run quickly with
a message ; = ukuti-Dzii.
uku-JUBA, 1). /. To rebound; to strike or
start back to its natural position, as an
elastic thing (stick, branch) when bent, or
a snake ; to spring with a sudden jerk, as a
trap for birds or animals, in closing: isigii
sijiibile, the trap has sprung; to jump up
and run away ; to hold fast to a branch or
rope and kick or swing with the feet; to be
struck : iidajutywa yiminga, the thorn trees
rebounded on me and scratched me ; to go
faraway: ndizakujaba le, I am going far;
ndizakuyibcta ibola ijube le, I am going to
drive the ball far.
in-Jube, n. 3. Lifting a baby by the armpits
and inducing it to kick about playfully in
the air, as a mother does with her child.
uku-Jubajuba, v. To struggle violently,
as one suffering from convulsions; fig. to
make a long journey, occupying more
than one day.
— Jubela, V. Ujubele kude, he made a long
journey in one day, owing to his longing
to see those who were far away.
— Jubisa, V To cause a trap to spring ; to
let fly a ball or assegai; to let a stick or
branch start back to its natural position;
to pull a trigger.
uku-Jubalaza, v. i. To struggle as an animal,
whose head has been severed from the
body, as a snake which has been struck on
the head, or as a person held fast by the
arms.
in-Jubaqa, n. 3. A headstrong, uncontroll-
able person; a cow which refuses to be
milked ; an ox or horse which refuses to be
ridden; fig. a heathen.
ubun-Jubaqa, «. 7. A state of stubbornness.
ukutlJUCE, V. i. To be in a state of
exhaustion, from walking or working or
exposure to the sun or from hunger.
uku-Juca, V. i. (a) To endeavour to continue
a journey or work, though greatly fatigued;
to fall behind through fatigue or
174
jU
exhaustion, but still to struggle on.
(b) Of chains or bonds, to fall off a
prisoner and so set him free.
— Juceka, v. To be quite exhausted from
work or after a journey : andidhnve tigako,
tidijucekile, I am dead tired.
ukuti-JUCU, V. i. To be exhausted from
walking, etc.; to be cast down on the receipt
of bad news ; = tikuti-Juce.
uku Jucula, V. t. To take away a bit of the
skin in pinching a person; to pluck (a
fowl) •, = uku-Yucula.
— Jucuka, V. i. Of skin, to be taken off, torn
away ; of a person, to fall off in flesh.
— Juculuzela, v. i. To keep following on,
though lagging through fatigue ; to be
always behind, in the rear.
ukuti-Juju, V. i. To have pain; cf. Tshu-tshu.
Jujuju 1 interj. describing the sound made
by the engine of a train; cf. Gugugti. Also
used as adv. Quickly.
uku-Jujumeza, v. To go quickly as a
train or a horse : bahatnbe ngokujttjumeza,
they went quickly.
in Jujujuju, «. 3. A thing put together,
composed of different parts ; — iV/^-Xm^^
ka-Xaka.
um Jukuja, «. 6. Something hanging down
like the wattles of a cock or turkey.
uku-Jukujela, v. t. To throw at an object
which is almost out of range; to bring
down (a bird) by throwing a stick or stone
at it: yijuhijele intaka, throw a stick at
the bird though it is distant.
— Jukujeleka, v. To fall down suddenly;
to be thrown or brought down by a blow;
to fall fainting: kivakaucinane ukuba
angajukujelcki pantsi, it wanted little and
he would have fallen down.
ama-Jukujuku, n. 2. Used only in loc. ema-
jukujiikwini. Far up, in a tree-top, in the sky,
or in heaven; far 'up' country, e.g. at the
goldfields, because, in going from Kafraria,
one rises to reach that district : iidiyaktijuba
emajukujukwini, I am going far up country.
uku-Jukutya, v. t. To cast away.
— Jukutyeka, v. To turn round and
round ; to fall helplessly over an object ;
to tumble over suddenly.
uku-Jula, V. t. To drive a number of cattle
from the pasture to a hamlet where one of
them is to be slaughtered for the celebra-
tion of any ceremony: yw/' inkabi, catch the
ox which is to be slaughtered.
— Julela, V. To cast into: undijulele elii-
dakcni, he hath cast me into the mire.
JU
— Julisa, V. To assist one in driving an ox
to a hamlet for slaughter.
i-JULI, n. 2. A jury.
isi-Jungqe, /;. 4. A small portion of any
thing remaining after the larger portion
has been removed; as a short length or
piece of a thong or rope bi-oken off from a
longer length ; a short distance remaining of
a long journey; dimin. a trifle, not worth
much : wasebcnza isijutigqana, his work was
not worth speaking of; he did a little work
or wrought for a little; cf. isi-Shiuiqe.
uku-JUQA, V. i. To walk slowly and weakly,
as an old man; to continue at one's work,
though exhausted ; to keep on doing one's
best in spite of fatigue, v. t. To cause pain :
isisu sam siyandijuqa, my stomach pains me,
I have very bad stomach-ache.
— Juqajuqa, v. To be powerless, as one
thrown down and pressed upon by an
adversary.
— Juqeka, v. To be overcome by passion;
to desire unavailingly.
— Juqela, v. To persevere.
in-Juze, n. 3. An expert; one who excels in
any accomplishment, as a person dis-
tinguished for running or fighting.
u-Juze, n. S- = u-Ji2a.
in-J wabavu, Tribal, = in-Jahavu.
i-Jwabu, n. 2. The foreskin, prepuce remov-
ed in circumcision; amajwabu, shreds of
flesh left on the skin of an animal after
skinning.
uku-Jwapiliza, v. t. To try to lay hold of an
object, which is either not reached, or slips
again from the grasp; fig. to strive un-
availingly to get; to make an ineffectual
attempt to accomplish a purpose ; to speak
ineffectually; iv'ih^X, Jwapuluza.
uku-Jwaqa, v. t. To suck or milk a cow
which is nearly dry ; to suck a breast which
contains no milk ; to take a piece of lean
meat between the teeth and jerk at it with
the hand. v. i. To express displeasure, as
a parent when teased by a child, or as a
child on finding the mother's breast dry, or
as a bitch when followed by a dog.
u-Jwaqo, n. 5. Leanness; displeasure.
um-Jwaqu, n. 6. A very lean animal ; a
piece of lean beef.
JW
uku-Jwaqeka, v. To feel overcome by
sorrow, as on seeing the young orphans
of departed friends ; to be overcome by
anger.
— Jwaqelela, v. To be displeased with
one who teases.
— Jwaqisa, v. To excite displeasure by
teasing.
uku-Jwaqulula, v. t. To continue to milk
a cow daily though she gives little.
uku-Jwatyula, v. i. Of cows, to begin to
make udder.
ukuti-Jwaxa, v. t. To give out quickly what
is asked; to throw in a little, or give the
little one has. Used ironically, or spoken in
contempt of the thing given.
um-Jwaxaxa, w. 6. Thin, watery soup, milk
or food ; insipid or vapid liquid.
u-Jwejwane, «. I. = it-Jejane.
uku-Jwejweza, v. t. To put off, protract
strife; to take on alone unheeded and
unanswered.
u-Jwejwezana, w. 5. A long, narrow, pretty
garment.
ama-Jwete, //. 2. pi. The loose wrinkles on
the skin of old people.
ukuti-JWI. V. t. and /. To throw down
suddenly; to throw oneself down suddenly;
to fall down suddenly : ndite-jwi pantsi, I
fell down suddenly.
ukutela-Jwi, v. To throw suddenly to or
towards or at: wanditela-jwi ngomhlaba,
he threw earth at me.
uku-Jwila, V. To pitch, to throw by rais-
ing or hoisting from the ground, as earth
from a spade ; = uku-Gibisela.
in-jwila,«. 3. Hitting accidentally; knock-
ing down suddenly ; an accident, such as
firing on each other by mistake.
uku-Jwilela, v. To throw into a certain
place: amadoda ajwilclwa czikweni, the
men were cast into the furnace.
um-Jwila, n. b. Something which is alone,
separated from others of its kind, e.g. a
single hair on the chin, a single white hair
on the head ; akin to um-Jila.
isi-Jwili, n. 4. A loud lamentation or great
wailing of many people espec. over the
dead, or after punishment by confiscation
of property; a bleating, bellowing.
K
Khas (a) an inspirated sound as in the
English keep: ukut'i, to say; and (b)
an expirated (explosive) sound somewhat
sharper than the English baker: ukukumbula,
175
to remember. K is inserted before a and ti
in the negatives of verbs to avoid hiatus:
ak-utandi, thou lovest not; akasebenzi, he
does not work; and also before the pron.
KA
KA
object 2 pers. sing, for the same purpose :
itdikubonile, I liave seen you.
Ka, (a) Atix, verb, particle, used in the nega-
tive forms of the present, the imperfect and
the future tenses, to express "not yet":
anikaqondi-na? do you not yet understand?
ubttngekasebenzi-nto, you had not yet done
anything; safika lingekatshoni ilanga, we
arrived before sunset, lit. the sun not yet
setting; lingek&bikd ixesha,hciorQ the time;
andikayi kubona, I have not yet gone to see.
(b) prep. Of: expressing the possessive
relation before proper names and names of
things personified : unyana ka-Faku, the son
of Faku; indlu ka-bawo, the house of my
father, i.e. belonging to him; igama //ka-
Ttxo (more definite than igama lo-Tixo) the
name of God.
(c) Adverbial prefix to nouns, adjectives
and numerals : kabukali, sharply, from the
noun ubiikali, sharpness; kakidn, greatly,
from the adj. kulu, great ; kane, four times,
from the numeral ne, four; kalikiiln, a
hundred times, from ikulu, hundred; ka-
ngaka, from tigaka, so great. Prefixed to
adverbs it gives them an intensive force:
kakaloku, immediately, from kaloku, now.
Ka 1 Ka 1 iiiterj. used when being suffocated
by smoke: ka, safa ngiwisi! we die from
smoke, we cannot bear it 1
uku-Ka, I. V. aux. defective and irregular;
perf. ke; abbrev. rel. 2 cl. pi., akd; absol.
past, aka; conj. past, aka; short pres. dka
or dke ; the neg. has e instead of /.
(a) It implies that an action happens only
occasionally or but seldom, and is equivalent
to "sometimes, a little," or with a negative
to "not at all," and may or may not be
preceded by the pronominal subjects: wA'ke
nditete or kenditeti, I do speak a little or
sometimes ; ndike ndabona, I have once seen
or did once see ; iwzka wako, he was once
there; ukQ wambona-naf have you perhaps
seen, or have you ever happened to see
him? ngubani-na oke aswele amandlaf v/ho
was ever weak? andikange ndimbone, or
andaka ndambona, I have not come so far
as to see him, i.e. I never saw him ; ndiya
kukk ndisele, I shall drink a little ; andikuke
ndibone, I shall not see even a little, i.e. I
shall see nothing ; ukulamba asinto akQ wa-
yiva kowabo, hunger was a thing he never
felt at home ; musa ukuka iiyikankanye lento,
you must not mention this matter at all;
sekh ndabona, I have already seen a little;
singekh sikubone-naf may we not see you
at least ?
176
(b) It is used in prayer and in polite
requests, forming a kind of supplicatory
imperative, and is in this sense more polite
than zc (cf. uku-Za) ; kenditke, just let me
speak; kauhlale apa, just sit here a little;
kawenze,\\x'sX do it, commence, if you please,
uku-K'A, II. vA. (a) To draw Or fetch water :
hamba iiye like avianzi, go and draw water.
(b) To pull off, pluck: yika intyantyambo
Icyo, pluck off that flower. Abbrev. rel. 2
cl. pi., akd, who or which draw; absol. past
aka, they drew; conj. past aka, and they
drew; short pres. dka, they draw. Phr.
ilizive ulika aniakinke, he never gets tired of
walking about, tonday he is here, to-morrow
there.
um-Ki, «. I. A drawer of water.
uku-Kela, v. To draw water into: uwakel'
aminzi esilyeni, he drew water into a
vessel.
— Ke?ela, v. To draw water for or pluck
for: ndikeleV amanzi, get me some water ;
wasikelela ingcongolo zambini, he plucked
two reeds for us.
— Kelelela, v. To dip water from a foun-
tain or river with a small vessel and pour
it into a larger one; to dip from one
vessel into another.
— Kelelana, v. To pick fruit or maize
from another man's garden and give it
to a third party ; to dip water one for
another.
ama-Kelelana, n. 2. pi. Those who work
or harvest in each other's gardens,
uku Kisa, v. To cause to help to draw,
fetch, pluck: n,k\se amanzi nmntwana,
make the child help to fetch water.
ubu-Ka, n. 7. A creeper resembling ivy,
used in making wicker-work of doors,
uku- K' ABA, r. t. pass, katyiva. To kick,
strike with the foot; to be vicious: inkomo
iyakdba yakusengwa, the cow kicks during
milking; fig. to shoot, sprout.
i-Kaba, n. 2. (a) A shoot at the point of
growth; a green stalk of Kafircorn or
maize showing leaves prior to fruiting:
amazimba akaba or alikaba, the Kafircorn
forms leaves (the second stage of growth),
(b) Young plants collectively; a, num-
ber of young men; the youth, the flower
of the army.
isi-Kaba, n. 4. A shoot or sprout standing
forth or out; fig. aspiration, ambition,
exertion, striving for a high degree or
station.
uku-Kabakaba,
i Kabakaba, w.
To kick often. | Kafuti, adv. Often ; see Full
A number of young I ukuti-K'AHLA, v. t. To cast down, push
men playing with shields.
uku-Kabalaza, v. t. To kick out violently,
as an animal in pain from hunger and
thirst; to kick or roll about (in sleep).
— Kabaleka, v. i. To be fatigued, weak,
consumed from hunger and thirst.
— Kabana, t'. To kick each other.
— Kabela, r. To kick designedly, for a
purpose: undikabela-nina? why do you
kick me ?
— Kabisa, v. To cause or make to kick:
iiyandikahisa ngehashe, you make the horse
kick me.
ama-Kaba, n. 2. pi. The ankles of the foot.
in-Kaba, n. 3. The navel. Phr. Kwatshona
nenkaba, or ze-gongqo nenkaba, even the
navel sank, i.e, he put all his strength into
arguing; he felt pain.
isi-Kaba, and isi-Kababa, n. 4. The navel of
calves.
um-Kaba, n. 6. Rupture of the navel;
u-Gqongo.
uku-Kabalaza, x^. See under iiku-Kaba.
in Kabankaba, «. 3. A long thing suspended,
hanging down.
um-Kabenu, n. I. Mr. So and-So, used in
contempt or irony.
in-Kabi, n. 3. A castrated animal, with special
reference to the ox; inkabi yehashe, a
gelding; inkabi yegusha, a wether; dimin.
inkatyana.
Kabini, adv. Twice, see Btni.
um-Kaboti, ^- tim-Kovoti.
Kabukali, adv. Sharply, see ubu-Kali.
ukuti-Kaca, used as adv. Entirely: iqtya
imnyama kaca, the handkerchief is entirely
black.
Kade, ama-Kade, Long ago, see De.
isi-KADE, K. 4. Damage, trouble; fr. Du.
schade.
i-KAFU, n. 3. The refuse after winnowing;
from Du. kaf.
i-Kafu, 11. 2. The naked posteriors; (used as
a nickname).
uku-Kafula, v. t. To render warriors in-
vulnerable (and thieves undetectable) by
making them pass through the smoke of
certain herbs and sprinkling them with the
gall of 'certain animals given as offerings
to the doctor.
um-KafuIi, n. l. One who practices uku-
kafula ; a sorcerer ; fem. iimkafulikazi.
isi-Kafulo, m. 4. The process of making in-
vulnerable.
X
against, tread or stamp upon, v. i. Wat'i-
kahla ngenyawo, he fell on his feet, as a cat
does; to produce a sudden noise by falling
heavily; fig. to behave rudely.
isi-KahIa, n. 4. Anything thrown down in
a heap, as books, etc. ; fig. a poor creature
of miserable appearance.
uku-Kahlela, v. To throw, cast, strike,
push, kick down ; to set down vehemently,
forcibly, noisily; to floor, as in wrestling:
wamkahlela emhlabeni, he threw him to
the ground; fig. to salute with the hand.
— Kahleleka, v. To throw oneself to the
ground; to fall down heavily and help-
lessly.
— Kahlelisa, v. To cause to fall helplessly.
i-Kahlangube, n. 2. The Cape Bristle-
necked Bulbul, Phyllastrephus capensis Sw.
Kahlanu, adv. Five times; see Hlatiu.
uku-Kahlaza, v. t. To glean.
Kahle, adv. Well; see Hie.
in-Kahlela, «. 3. A corpulent person; one
with a protuberant belly.
in-Kahlukazi, «. 3- A great deal, a lump;
fig. the chief point in a speech ; a splendid
orator or oration.
i-Kaka, n. 2. A shield. Phr. tikaka kampetu,
one who is a shield turned the wrong way,
i.e. one who reverses his attitude, turns a
somersault, one who goes over from one
party to another, one who turns evidence
against an accomplice in crime ; treachery,
falsehood, deceit ; rebellion ; also = into enge-
nambulelo, a thankless person, one who turns
on his benefactor; pi. okaka kampetu, rebels,
turncoats.
isi-Kaka, n. 4. A short skirt made of skin ;
a petticoat.
um-Kaka, n. 6. Muscle of the chest.
Kakade, and Ukakade, adv. Used in ex-
pressing affirmation, or in swearing; the
idea being " it has long been so, and there-
fore is not to be disputed" : certainly, to be
sure, of course; kakadeshe, to be sure, is
often used in jocular language ; see De.
i-Kakakaka, n. 2. A large kind of thistle.
ukuti-Kakalaia, v. i. Tp be killed in heaps:
bati-kakalala, they are all dead.
u-Kakalala, //. 5. An overseer, inspector.
i-Kakalo, n. 2. A species of bird.
Kakaloku, adv. Immediately, at once; see
Oku, I.
177
KA
uku-Kakamela, v. i. To arrogate, etc. = Ga-
gaiiiclij.
isi-Kakamela, «. 4. A person of high rank,
etc. ; see isi-Gagamehi.
ubu-Kakamela, n. 7. Greatness, stateli-
ness, majesty.
Kakamsinya, adv. Quickly, etc., see Msinya-
i-Kakasholo, n. 2. One who blows or puffs
himself up like a turkey-cock: uzenz' ika-
kasholo, he boasts.
u-Kakayi, n. 5. The human skull.
in-KakayezI, n. 2. A place where in Kafir
belief there is no natural light, but only
imaginary illumination.
uku-Kakaza, or Kakaza, v. i. To gargle.
in-Kakazana, 71. 3. An honourable term for
a damsel, a little girl; see i-Nkazana.
Kakubi, adv. Badly; fig. basebenza kakubi,
they work very hard ; see Bi.
Kakuconga, adv. Sparingly; see uku-Conga.
Kakudlwana, adv. A little more; see
Kiidhvana.
Kakuhle, adv. Finely, gently, well ; see ///^.
Kakulu, ) J Tr
Kakulukazi, j '"^''- V^''^' ^^''^ ™"^h'
used superlatively, denoting absolute great-
ness of quantity or quality: hiUingile kakulu
or kakulukazi, it is very good ; see Kulu.
i-Kala, w. 2. The Cape aloe, whose leaves are
burnt to make smoke for driving away
insects; the dried leaves are ground and
mixed with snuff to make it pungent. Eye-
kala, the month of July, when aloes com-
mence blossoming.
i-KALA, n. 2. A collar, fr. Eng.
ama-Kala. n. 2. pi. The inward parts of the
nostril.
in-Kala, n. 3. A crab, = u-Nonkala.
izi-Kala, n. 4. pi. Piles.
um-Kala, «. 6. A cord or thong drawn
through the cartilage of the nostrils, or a
small stick fixed in the same way, to keep
a calf from sucking, or to guide a pack-ox
in riding; hence, a bit, bridle; dimin. um-
kalana, a. small bit.
uku-K'ALA, V. i. To cry out vehemently,
scream : abantu bakala kum, the people cried
to me ; fig. to complain : bakala ngant, they
complained of me.
u-Kala, n. l. A vedette in war.
isi-Kaio, n. 4. A loud cry, lamentation.
uku-Kalela, v. To cry to; masikalele ku-
Tixo, let us cry to the Lord ; lomfazi uka-
lelwa ngutnntwana wake, lit. that woman is
cried after by her child, i.e. her child
cries after her.
1/8
KA
— Kalelana, v. To cry out against each
other; to take offence at each other.
— Kalisa, v. To cause or make to cry:
wandikalisa vgokungapulapuli, you dis-
satisfied me by not obeying.
— Kalisela, v. To make cry for : wandikali-
sela ukudla, he made me cry for food.
in-KalakahIa, k. 3. The roof of the mouth.
i-KaiakandIa, «. 2. (a) A species of bird
(? the Cape Bristle-necked Bulbul, Phyl-
lastrephus capensis Sw.) (b) A big dog.
ukuti-Kalakata.) • -r^ .^u ^- ^
uku-Kalakata, ] '"• '' ^^ ^^^^^^ '"^o : watt-
kalakata ngerele esifubeni sake, he thrust the
sword into his breast.
— Kalakatela, v. To fall suddenly, un-
awares into a hole : ndikalakatele eweni,
I fell down the rock.
uku-Kalala, v. i. To be offended : wayikalala
impatb, he was offended by the treatment ;
akusikalalanga, thou hast not forsaken us
in a huff.
um-Kalalo, n. 6. The continual refusing of
what one really wants; the return of a
married woman to her parents' place.
uku-Kalalisa, v. To give offence.
— Kalaza, v. To complain, murmur, express
discontent; to find fault: ukalaza nganto-
tiina J why or of what are you com-
plaining ?
in-Kalazo, n. 3. Complaint, dissatisfaction.
isi-Kalazo, n. 4. That of which a person
complains in the conduct of another, a
complaint.
uku-Kalazeka, v. To be reprehensible; to
be found fault with.
— Kalazela, v. To complain for or of:
ukalazela-nina? why or wherefore do you
complain ?
— Kalazeleka, To be reproachable : ukuze
bangahi tiakukalazeleka, that they may be
without reproach.
— Kalazisa, v. To cause to complain, etc.
i-Kalamsha, n. 2. A big round thing of its
kind, as a large bead or a big eyeball ; used
offensively for a big round head.
i Kalana, n. 2. Aloe tenuior Haw., the small
aloe used for tapeworm.
i-Kalane, n. 2. A large, baglike tick ; a
bush-tick which infests cattle ; a "tick in
general.
isi-KALl, n. 4. (a) A scale, weight: fr. Du.
schaal. (b) A ploughshare, fr. Du. schoar.
isi-Kaii, n. 4. An assegai; plur. assegais,
weapons, arms; fig. danger.
KA
ubu-Kali, M. 7. Sharpness: isitshetshe sinobu-
kali, the knife is sharp; used as adj.
sharp, clever, energetic: lendoda ibukali,
this man is sharp, i.e. acute, energetic;
igqira elibukali, a clever doctor; severe,
harsh in manner or speech : amazwi abukali,
sharp words, adv. kabukali, sharply,
harshly, severely : wateta kabukali, he spoke
severely, earnestly; walila kabukali, he
wept shriekingly.
uku-Kalipa, v. i. To be active, bold,
energetic, courageous, brave, daring:
indoda ekalip'ileyo, an active, bold,
energetic man.
i-Kalipa, n. 2. A brave person; a sharp or
keen warrior ; a hero.
in-Kalip6, «. 3, u-KaHp6, n. 5, and ubu-
Kalipo, n. 7. Activity, energy, cour-
age, manliness, stoutheartedness, bold-
ness; recently used in the sense of
frankness: zvaieta ngenkalipo, he spoke
with frankness and courage.
uku-Kaiip^la, v. To be courageous for:
undibtnqise ukukalipela imfazwe, Thou
hast girded me with strength unto the
battle.
— Kalipisa, v. pass, kalitshiswa. To make
brave or frank ; to animate, encourage,
stimulate, embolden, sharpen; to set dogs
or cocks upon each other.
i-KALlKA, n. 3. Lime, fr. Du. kalk.
Kalikulu, adv. A hundred times, see i-Kiilu.
uku-Kalima, v. i. To speak earnestly, to
reprove, rebuke : niya kubaleka niliwaka
ekalime emnye, a thousand of you shall
flee at the rebuke of one; to growl,
grumble.
um-Kalimi, n. i. One who reproves or
rebukes.
u-Kalimo, n. 5 Reproof, rebuke.
uku-Kalimela, v. To call out for : yikali-
mele inkomo ibuye, call to the cow, that she
may come back; to put one right by
earnest words ; to check, rebuke, reprove)
reprimand, blame ; to give a charge,
prohibit : yinina iingamkalimeli? why dost
thou not reprove him ?
uku-Kalipa, see under ubuKali.
Kaliwaka, adv. A thousand times, see 1-
Waka.
in-Kalo, n. 3. A gap, neck, or opening in a
mountain ridge ; the upper part of a long, I
rising land, elevation or eminence of j
ground ; a ridge : inkalo yentaba apb inyanga |
itshona kona, a neck or opening in the t
mountain, where the moon is visible at I
179
KA
setting; the hollow in the crescent-shaped
moon. Dimin. inkalwana.
u-Kalo, n. 5. A chasm.
Kaloku, adv. Now then, at present ; see
Oku, I.
Kafoku-nje, rt.'/ti. At this present time; see
Oku, I. and Nje.
u-Kalonci, n. 5. The colon.
i-Kalukalu, «. 2. A bustard, Du. koraan.
Kalukuni, adv. Strictly, sternly; see u-Kuni.
Kalula, adv. Lightly, easily, see Lida.
uku-KAMA, I. V. t. To comb, fr. Du. kammen.
uku-K'AMA, n. V. t. To squeeze out, to
wring out wet clothes ; fig. to throttle,
strangle, as dogs do game : wamkaina ngom-
qala, he held him by the throat ; ukukama
inkedama, to make demands on orphans who
have nothing, or to deprive them of their
rights.
— Kamakama, v. Not to work steadily
but to run about, intruding into other
people's time and work; not to mind
one's own business.
— Kamana, v. To trouble, disquiet another
person by one's own uneasiness.
— Kamela, v. pass, kanyelwa. To squeeze
out any liquid from a rag or sponge into
something ; to drop into : kamela iyeza
etnehlweni, squeeze medicine into the
eyes.
uku-Kama, IH. v. i. Em. To open the mouth
wide ; to gape, ydiV}n; = ukw-Akama.
— Kamisa, v. To open the mouth ; = ukw-
Akamisa.
in-Katnamasane, n. 3. Euphorbia pug-
niformis Boiss., used as an aperient and
also for cancer.
i-Kamandela, n. 2. A fetter, a chain for a
captive.
uku-Kamanga, v. pass, ukukanyattgwa, (used
more than uku-Kama, II.). To press out by
force (juice) ; to press together (the eyes) ;
fig. to find out by inquiry, pump out.
um-Kamangi, n. I. An extortioner.
uku-Kamangeka, v. To be pressed,
wrung out; fig. to have grief, affliction,
i-Kamanga, n. 2. Strelitzia reginae Ait.
u-Kamba, n. 5. An old pan or pot, a pot-
sherd; dimin. ukanjana.
K&mhh, adv., always expressing doubt : ittgaba
kambe, of course it may be; ironically:
hamba kambe, go by all means, you will see
or find how it is; ndiya kuyenza kambe, I
may do it; akukwazi kambe oku, you do not
know this of course ; hayi kambe, thank you.
KA
i-Kambi, n. 2. A spider's moult; used
mainly in plur. amakambh A husk, shell
sediment left after cooking; an empty
honeycomb, honeybread ; the refuse, as of
sugarcane after the juice has been pressed
out, or after it has been chewed.
i-KAMBlLl, n. 3. A chamber, from Du. kamer.
uku-Kambula, v.i. To understand thoroughly.
in-KAMELA, «. 3. A camel ; fr. Eng.
in-Kamela, n. 3. A red species of snake.
ukuti-Kamfu, v. t. To seize with the whole
hand, or with the mouth and teeth, without
biting: inja indite-kamfu engalweni, the dog
seized my arm ; = iikuti-Xmnfu.
uku-Kamf ula, v. i. To walk with difficulty
in a sandy place ; to wade in the mud.
uku-Kamluka, r. i. To be in the position of
lifting up the hand to beat.
Kamnandi, adv. Sweetly, etc., see Mnandi.
ukuti-Kamnqa, v. i. To look serious, aston-
ished, amazed, (which is indicated by
putting the hand on the mouth).
ukuti-Kamnte, v. i. To have nothing what-
ever.
i-Kamnte, //. 2. One who has nothing at all.
um-Kamo, «. 6. A gap, blank, space.
in-Kamolula, «. 3. A long thing.
i-KAMPU, «. 3. An enclosure for ostriches or
for stock ; a camp for soldiers; fr. Du. kamp.
i-Kamsholo, «. 2. An empty fellow, or any
worthless thing.
Kamsinya, and Kamsinyane, adv. Quickly,
etc., see Msinya.
Kamva, adv. Afterwards, etc., see um-Va.
i- Kamva, n. 2. The consequence or result ;
= i-ka-m- Va.
u-Kanana, n. 5. (a) A drawn-out speech; a
person who cannot end his speech, or does
not speak what is proper. (b) Great
greediness: unokanana, he is very greedy.
(c) = i-Nqala and inZondo.
i-Kanasi, n. 2. A great thing.
Kancinane, adv. A little, etc., see Ncinane.
uku-K'ANDA, v. t. To beat out by hammer-
ing, as iron on an anvil ; to forge : lakanda
atnagaba, they made or forged hoes; to
mend (a wagon, etc.); to pound in a
mortar; to break up stones on a road; fig.
to tread hard with the feet on the ground.
um-Kandi, w. I. A smith.
in-Kanda, n. 3. Glans penis.
isi-Kanda, «. 4. The thick end of any
ing: isikanda settduku, the knob of a
stick, so called because it is used to strike
with ; dim. isikandana, a small knob.
180
KA
isi-Kando, n. 4. A smith's shop.
u-Kanda, n. 5. The top of the head, the
skull of quadrupeds. Em. ukanda Iwe-
mpisi, a hyena's head; fig. stubbornness;
obstinacy ; lomntn luwkanda, this person is
stubborn, headstrong ; amazimba anokanda,
the corn swells when boiled.
um Kando, n. 6. Smith-work, beaten work ;
fig. the female menses.
uku-Kandakanda, v. To pound repeatedly.
— Kandanisa, v. To bring close together;
to press in or down with force ; to force
in by heaps; to drive into (the kraal)
furiously; to overpower, overcome.
um Kandanisi, n. I. An oppressor.
uku-Kandanisana, v. To squeeze, press,
crowd upon one another : inkomo zikanda-
nisana ebuhlanti, the cattle crowd into the
kraal, pressing on one another.
— Kandanisela, 1: To subdue for: uzika-
ndanisela pantsi kwetu izizwe, He subdueth
the peoples under us.
— Kaiideka, v. To be fit for hammering:
isaiido asikandeki, the hammer does not
beat well ; to be thoroughly beaten out.
— Kandela, v. To forge or mend for.
isi-Kandelo, n. 4. An anvil.
uku-Kandisa, v. To cause or help to
forge; intaka ikandisiwe, the bird is
squeezed together in the trap.
u-Kande, ». 5. A wooden spear, = ti-Kwili;
fig. dispute, strife; trying one's strength
with another.
ama-Kandilili, n. 2. Attempts with hardly
any hope of success ; sad, oppressive feelings.
um-KandIo, «. 6. A place where a concourse
of people gather, e.g. round a chief; a
surrounding company; a well-trodden road
with many tracks of wild animals; fig.
something that is too plain to be mistaken.
Kane, adv. Four times, see Ne.
Kanene, ititerj. used in calling to mind
something that had slipped the memory, or
in making certain regarding something
that had been said or done : kanene ndiwali-
bele lanianzi bekuttwe zendiwake, really, I
quite forgot about that water I was told to
draw; kanene, wetu, lanto yade yati-nina? hy
the way, friend, how did that affair end ?
see i-Nene.
in-Kanga, «. 3. The Kafir ragwort, Senecio
juniperinus L. Eyenkanga, the month of
November, when it is in blossom. Phr.
undibek' hikanga emehlweni, he is putting a
bush in front of my eyes, i.e. he is deceiving
kA
me ; see uku-Bopelela and uku-Dubula.
uku-KANQA, v. i. obsolete. To look.
— Kangela, v. To look at, behold. It is
used to excite attention or admiration:
kangela enkosini, look at or towards the
chief; kangela-ke! see now! be attentive!
behold! To look, in expectation of help
or assistance: ndakangela ku-Tixo, I
looked to God for help. Phr. WakangeV
ezulwini, i.e. he wished or asked to die.
n. 8. Look, appearance: ukukangela
kwake bekukubi, his look was bad.
um-Kangeli, k. i. A beholder who looks
attentively at an object; an overseer,
inspector, guardian.
in-Kangeli, n. 3. A seer, a prophet.
in-Kangelo, «. 3- A way of looking at a
thing: inkangelo yarn, my view.
uku-Kangakangela, v. To look often or
constantly on an object.
— Kangelana, v. To look towards one
another; fig. to be or lie opposite each
other: imizi ikangelene, the villages are
opposite each other; masikangelane, let
us care for one another, i.e. try our
strength.
— Kangeleka, v. To be an object of
attention; to be looked upon; to appear
to be. n. 8. Appearance: ukukangeleka
kwake kuhle, his appearance is good.
— Kangeleta, v. To look to or for : zika-
ngelele, see to thyself; ukukangelela pantsi,
to look upon with contempt.
— Kangelelela, v. To look for : zeningasi-
kangeleleli izinto ezite-gca, prophesy not
unto us right things.
— Kangelisa, v. To make one look at, to
show.
— Kangisa, v. i. To possess attraction.
Kangaka, '\
Kangakanana, > adv. So great; how
Kangakana-nina? )
great? very much, etc., see Ngaka and
Nina.
in Kangala, n. 3. A desolate waste, a wilder-
ness ; used mainly in the locative enkangala.
Kangapina, adv. How often? see Pina.
um-Kangazi, n. 6. Buffelsbal, Gardenia
thunbergia L.
um-Kangele, «. 6. Cape Teak, Strychnos
atherstonei Harv.
um-Kango, n. 6. Anything new (a pot,
wagon) ; a natural black spot on the body of
a person ; also = um-Kaba.
uku-Kangubeka, v. t. To encourage.
kA
uku-Kangumeza, v. t. To warm or heat up
anything again, as cold food.
uku-Kangwa, v. t. To find out, discover.
in-Kani, «. 3. Stubbornness; see i-Nkani.
Kaninzi, adv. Often, see Ninzi.
Kanjako, adv. Again, in the same way, also.
Kanjalo, adv. Likewise, etc., see Njalo.
u-Kanjana, n. 5. dimin. of u-Kamha. A
small pot or potsherd.
Kanjani, adv. How, etc., see Niria, II. (h).
Kanjaqo, Em. = Kanjako.
in-Kankane, n. 3. plur. atna-Kankane. The
front bone of a beast's head; the skull of an
animal ; anything hard, esp. ama-Qashu.
uku-Kankanya, v. t. To mention, refer to :
andiinkankanyanga, I did not mention him,
i.e. speak of him.
— Kankanyeka, v. To be mentioned.
uku-Kankata, v. t. To beat often.
i-Kankata, n. 2. The guardian of circum-
cised boys during their seclusion from
general society; the guardian of a chief's
daughter during an intonjane; the
guardian of a chief's wife when suckling;
he milks the cow for her.
in-Kankatela, n. 3. That which is enormous,
immense, huge, extraordinary.
in-Kankulu, n. 3. A great difficulty, adv.
koba ngenkankulu, it will be hard; ngenka-
nkiilii, with great difficulty.
uku-Kanqakanqa, v. i. To travel a road
which has ama-Lindi, = Gongqagongqa enia-
lindini.
Kanti, (u-Kanti) conj. And yet, while at the
same time, whereas on the contrary,
notwithstanding: bayalikanyela ityala labo,
kanti bayazi ukuba banalo, they deny their
guilt, while at the same time they know
they are guilty ; utt, uyanditanda, kanti umana
ukulwa nam, you say you love me, and yet
you are always opposing me.
isi-Kanti, n. 4. A number of people or things
together, = isi-Kinindi.
in-KANTINl, n. 3. A liquor-shop, canteen.
um-KantoIo, n. 6. The Cape Robin Chat, = u-
Gaga.
in-Kantsi, n. 3. Cramp; the pricking sen-
sation (pins and needles) caused by a kind
of numbness.
in-Kantsu, 71. 3. An objection or exception
taken against a witness's declaration.
u-Kanukanu, n. 1. (a) Tantalising: unguka-
nukantt, he tantalises. (Done by children
when eating nice things, pretending to offer
but not giving them.) (b) Breathing
hard (used of horses).
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KA
uku-Kanuka, v. t. To long for; to greatly
desire (food) : ukanuka inyama, he has a
craving appetite for meat ; to lust, have
carnal desires after (women) ; zvensa oku
kanuktva yeyake iiitliziyo, he did what his
heart desired.
ama-Kanuko, ) ^ , t- ,
ama-Kanukelo.j "• ^- P^' E"Phem. for
effusion of semen maris.
in-Kanuko, n. 3. Appetite, desire, lust.
uku-Kanukana, v. To desire, lust after,
long for, one another.
— Kanukeka, v. To be desirable: umti
ityakanukeka emehlweni, the tree is
desirable to the eyes.
— Kanukela, v. To desire strongly (food).
— Kanukisa, v. To cause to lust, etc.;
to tantalise.
in-KANUNU, n. 3. A cannon; fr. Du. kanon.
ukuti-K'ANYl, v. i. Of a fire or light, to
glimmer faintly once.
— Kanyikanyi, v. To keep on glimmering.
uku-Kanya, v. i. To be light, bright, white;
to shine, emit light: iwini isakanya, the
day is still shining, i.e. it is still light;
ilitye eli liyakaiiya, this stone is trans-
parent, shining; fig. lendmvo uyitetayo iya-
kanya, the subject you speak of is
manifest, clear. Phr. iikukanya kivempo-
tido, lit. the shining of horns, i.e. that
very early time in the morning when
only the points of the horns of cattle can
be seen.
um-Kanya, n. 6. Eyescreen, made by
holding the hands or twigs over the eyes,
in such a way that one can still see.
in-Kanyezi, n. 3. A firefly.
uku-Kany isa, v. To cause to shine ; to make
light, illumine ; fig. likanyise ilizwi lako,
illustrate what you have said.
in Kanyiso, n. 3.^
isi-Kanyiso, 7/. 4. V A light, lamp, candle;
u-Kanyiso, n. 5. )
fig. enlightening.
uku-Kanyiseka, /•. To be shining: isibane
nsikanyiseki, the candle is not shining
brightly.
— Kanyisela, v. To enlighten for, on or
in a certain place : ndikanyisele lendawo,
give me light upon this matter; fig. to
civilize.
um-Kanyiseli, ?/. I. An enlightener: ngu-
Yehovn unika/iyiscli warn Jiomsindisi warn,
the Lord gives nie light and salvation.
isi-Kanyiselo, ;/. 4. ) ^ ,. , , .
u-Kanyiselo, «. 5. j Enlightenmg.
uku Kanyiseleka, To be enlightened.
182
3. A person bent
KA
— Kanyisisa, To enlighten thoroughly,
properly, particularly.
in-Kanya, «. 3. Walking slowly, not keeping
up with others, from being destitute of
swiftness, exhausted, dried up.
in-Kanyamba, 1
in-Kanyavu, ]
from age.
Kanye, adv. Once; see Nye, I.
uku-K'ANYELA, v. i. To deny any know-
ledge of a matter : wakanyela pambi kwabo
bonke, he denied before them all ; to deny a
fact, with the idea of self-defence against a
charge. Phr. wakanyela, walala ngombke or
ngopbte or ngomhlana, he denied point blank.
— Kanyelana, v. To deny among one
another.
— Kanyeleka, v. To be deniable.
— Kanyelisa, v. To cause to deny.
— Kanyeza, v. To contradict: into engaka-
nyezwanga, a thing which has not been
contradicted; wazikanyeza, he con-
tradicted himself.
— Kanyezisa, v. To cause to contradict.
um-Kanzi, «. 6. The Cape bulrush, Typha
latifolia L., of which rough mats are made.
uku-K'AP'A, V. t. pass, katshwa. To take
goats or other stock to the pasturage and
leave them there ; to accompany a distance;
to guide or direct some distance on the way:
siyabuya ngokiimkapa lotnniu, we are just
returning from accompanying this man a
distance; to act as bestman or bridesmaid
to; fig. to bring one over the border, i.e. to
death. Temhu = uku-Gaba, II.
um-Kkpl, n. I. A guide; a bestman at a
marriage.
uku-Kapela, v. To accompany a distance
to or for: inkomo wazikapela edlelweni,
he brought the cattle to the pasturage.
um-Kapeli, n. I. Used as translation of
paidagogos, Gal. 3,25.
i-Kapela, ti. 2. Empty honeycomb.
ubu-Kapela, n. 7. That which is thrown
away after being chewed; refuse.
um Kapelelo, «. 6. The portion of food
which is given to children, when the adults
are still eating.
i-Kapoyi, n. 2. A distended thing.
i-Kapu, n. 2. A single head of cattle which a
father gives to his married daughter, when
she visits his place ; = u-Nomnkonko.
Kapukapu, adj. Light, soft (sponge, foam,
froth, etc.); into elikapukapu, alight thing.
ubu- Kapukapu, ;/. 7. Lightness; fig. the state
of being in poor circumstances.
KA
uku-K'ASA, V. i. To creep, crawl, go on
hands and knees: umntwana uyakasa, the
child creeps.
in-Kasankasa, n. 3. The creeping (of an
old man) ; applied to one so weary, as
not to be able to walk, and to an animal
heavy with young ; fig. obstruction, hind-
rance to proper movement.
uku-Kasela, v. To creep for or to. Phr. uka-
sela eziko or emlilweni, lit. you are
creeping to the fireplace, or into the fire,
i.e. like a child, and will be burnt; (a
warning to one who is rushing into
danger or is following a course which
must lead to ruin.)
in-KASAYlYA, n. 3. Large irons for making
rails; heavy, bulky weight; a railway
removal ; fr. Eng. cast-iron.
ama-Kashukashu, n. 2. Leaves of inferior
plants used for mixing with tobacco and
adulterating it.
i-Kasi, n. 2. usually in plur. An ensheathing
leaf of a mealie cob ; chaff.
Kasib6zo, adv. Eight times, see isi-Bozo.
Kasisa, adv. Freely, etc., see isi-Sa.
Kasixenxe, adv. Seven times, see tsi-Xenxe.
ukuIllKl&ata, ] ^ '• To pass into : «.a<.--
kata apa, he passed in here ; to come to pass,
happen, enter unexpectedly, suddenly:
lenkumbulo yati-kata entliziyweni yam, this
thought came suddenly into my mind. v. t.
To encircle with a loop or,noose : yiti-kata
intambo entanyeni yehashe, throw the reins
over the horse's neck.
in-KatB, n. 3. A coil of anything twisted
together, especially the grass-ring used
by women as a pad for the head, when
carrying a load : yipa utyani ndenze inkata
yokutwala, get me grass to make a pad
for carrying a load; fig. the cans of
Kafir-beer carried on the head by women
who start from the bride's place for that
of the bridegroom, when he arrives with
his bestman at the bride's kraal : intomb'i
zitata utywala, zibuzisa ekaya, yinkata, the
girls take a quantity of beer and bring it
home as a supply (an Em, custom).
isi-Kata, n. 4. A shesXh: lifake irele lako
esikateni, put up your ^word into the
sheath ; fig. a case of guilt arising from
reprehensible carelessness ; difficulty,
complication, trouble, distress : ndazifaka
ezikateni, I brought myself into difficulties.
ama-Katakata, n. 2. pi. Useless things, as
torn, dirty garments ; rubbish, sweepings.
KA
ubu-Katakata, «. 7. A number of things
hanging about, distracting attention.
uku-K"AT'ALA, I. v. i. To be concerned
about ; to trouble about ; to care for : ndi-
katala yinina koko? what is that to me?
what share have I in that ? andikatali tiguwe,
I care nothing about you ; andikatali yiyo
landawo, I am wholly indifferent about that
matter.
— Katalela, v. To be concerned, troubled
for or on account of; in the negative, to
neglect; to care nothing: akamkatalele
umntwana ivake, he utterly neglects his
child; engnsabakatalele abanye, he no
longer cares for others; andimkatalele lam-
iittvana, I do not care about that child.
— Katalelana, v. To be concerned or
careful about each other.
— Kataza, v. To trouble, vex, annoy,
plague, disturb, irritate, agitate, distress:
uyandikataza ngokucela, he plagues me
with asking.
in-Katazo, n. 3. Trouble, annoyance, dis-
tress, vexation ; the preliminary sickness
that warns a person that he is about to
become a witch-doctor.
in-Katankatazo, n. 3. Continued distress;
prolonged vexation or annoyance.
uku-Katazana, v. To trouble, annoy,
etc., each other.
— Katazeka, v. To be concerned, trou-
bled: maningakatazeU intliziyo, let not
your hearts be troubled.
in-Katazeko, n. 3. Trouble, distress.
uku-Katakatazeka, v. To be in a prolong-
ed state of distress or vexation,
— Katazela, v. To trouble for (an object) :
usamkatazela-nina umfundisif why trou-
blest thou the Teacher any further?
uku-Katala, II. v. i. To be old, worn out,
tired, fatigued, exhausted: sendikatele ngo-
kusebenza, I am quite tired from working;
amadoda abekatele, men who were faint.
in Katavu, K. 3. That which is old : ndiyi-
nkatavu, I am very old, bent with age.
Katanadtu, adr. Six times, see Tandatu.
Katatu, adv. Thrice, see Tatu.
i-KATi, n. 3. A cat, fr. Du. kat.
uku-KATSA, V. t. To flog with the cat-o'-
nine-tails, to whip severely; from the Dutch.
i-KATSi, n. 3. The cat-o'-ninetails,
uku-Katsa, v. i. Em. to be tired: ndikatsele,
I am tired, done up, undone.
i-Katshakowa, n. 2. A layer of scab: ibo-
kwe yangamakatshakowa, the goats were full
183
KA
of scab; fig. a mean, vile, worthless fellow
or thing.
ama-Katshu, n. 2. pi. Hops.
in-Katshu, «. 3. Dishonesty, falsehood.
in-Katshunkatshu, n. 3. (1) Dry leaves,
leaves of inferior tobacco used for adul-
terating. (2) = iibn-Kapukapu.
uku-Katula, v. i. To spread an operation
over a large extent, e.g. to walk the greatest
part of the road ; to do the greatest part of
the work (reaping a field) ; to take the most
of a thing (food).
isi-Katula, n. 4. The greater part (of
work, a road, etc.).
ukuti-Kdtya, v. i.-uhiti-Ratya.
in-Katyana, «. 3. Dimin. of inkabi. A young
or small ox.
isi-Katyanga, n. 4. One with deep set eyes:
amehlo azikatyanga, the eyes are drawn in-
ward, are wide open, running with tears.
i-Kau, n. 2. A small shield, = in GiveletsJietshe.
in-Kau, «. 3. The Vervet monkey,
Cercopithecus pygerythrus Cuv. Phr.
ukaulcla inkau, ziya kuscla, lit. you go to
meet, i.e. disturb, monkeys on their way to
drink, expressing uncalled for inter-
ference ; you are anxious to speak, but you
are not invited. Fig. an albino native.
isi-Kau, w. 4. That which is little, insigni-
ficant, unimportant.
ukuK'AULA, V. i. To reach to a certain
height or place : avianzi atidikaula esifubeni,
the water reached to my chest ; to reach or
stop at a certain place : ndakatda e-Kubusi,
ndabiiya, I reached the Kubusi, and returned ;
to be bounded by : intsimi yake yakaula e/nla-
fijeiit, his garden was bounded by the river;
to stop, interrupt a speech ; fig. to feel the
first movements of the foetus; to conceive,
become pregnant.
isi-Kaulo, //. 4. ") r> j u j r
um-Kaulo, n. 6. j boundary, border of a
field; bottom of a thing; fig. convincing
proof.
uku-Kauka, v. i. To terminate, end, break
off (of a speech) : imviila ikaiikile, the rain
is over.
— Kaulela, v. Togo to meet or receive
a person (in a friendly sense) : ndaya kii-
mkaulela e-Bcde, I went to meet him at
Shiloh.
— Kaulelana, 11. To meet from both sides ;
to unite; to help each other.
uku-Kauleza, u 2. To make haste; to be
quick or swift of foot.
11. 8. Haste, speed,
184
KA
isi-Kauleza, n. 4. A runner, one who
makes haste.
uku-Kaulezeld, To make haste to; to
be in a hurry for: njengentaka ikaulezela
esibateni, like a bird hurrying to the snare.
- KaulezJsa, 7^. To hasten; to quicken in
going: kaulezisa ukuhamba, go quickly or
more quickly; to rouse to activity, to
accelerate progress.
Kauti, interj. from uku-Ti. Wait a moment,
"hold on!" often with kendibone, wait and
let me see.
i-Kaya, n. 2. Place of residence, home;
ikaya labantsundu, a Native hotel; loc.
ekaya, at home ; akanakaya, he is a stranger.
Phr. singamakaya, we are neighbours, con-
sorts, friends.
um-Kaya, n. I. A neighbour: ndingumka-
ya kuye, I am his neighbour.
um-Kaya, n. 6. The afterbirth of women ;
it is buried inside the hut.
ubu-Kdya, n. 7. The living together in
one place ; friendship.
in-Kayoyo, «. 3. Hunger: ndinenkayoyo, I
am hungry.
um-Kaza, «. 6. (a) A name given to Black-
bark, Royena lucida Z,., and other species
of trees.
(b) A species of red or spotted grass-tick
infesting cattle and horses; dimin. um-
Kazana, a small tick.
in-Kazane, n. 3., A very small species of
tick.
in-Kazana, n. 3. A woman living at her
father's place ; see i-Nkazana.
Kazil interj. pronounced by some Ngazi,
Kazi ndite-nina! I wonder what I d\d\ = Azi!
-kazi, Suffix (a) for forming feminine nouns
from masculine: inkosi a chief, inkosikazi a
chieftainess or female ruler; iwifi a de-
ceased man, umfikazi a deceased woman;
ihashe a horse, ihashekazi a mare.
(b) denoting relationship, degree of
family connection ; ubawokazi, my paternal
uncle ; nmakazi, my maternal aunt.
(c) adding a kind of superlative or
augmentative meaning to the noun,
adjective or adverb to which it is affixed :
inyama meat, inyamakazi lit. meat greatly
liked, i.e. game; imiti trees, imittkazi great,
large trees; umsinga stream, umsingakazi
omkiilu a very large, strong stream; itafa-
kazi, a great plain ; ihashe Itkiilu, the horse
is great; ihashe elikulukazi, a very great
horse; ilityekazi elikulu, a very large stone.
KA
i-Kazi, n. 2. The compensation or dowry
given by the bridegroom to the bride's
father; see uku-Lohola,
i-Kazikazi, n. 2. Glory; generally used in
the plural amakazikazi: beautiful, fine, shin-
ing, brilliant things (clothes, etc.), worthy
to be desired.
ubu-Kazikdzi, n. 7. Beauty.
uku-Kazitnla, v. i. To shine, glitter, gleam,
sparkle: inkwenkwezi ziyakazitnla kakulu,
the stars are very bright.
in-Kazimlo, n. 3. Shining, brightness,
glory.
uku-Kazimllsa, v. pass, kazinyuliswa. To
cause to shine; to brighten, polish, burn-
ish : kaziitilisa izihlangu, polish the shoes.
Kaz'uba, contrac. from kazi ukiiba, interj.
Kaz'uba kut^-ni ! I wonder what happened !
see Kazi!
Ke, perf. of uku-Ka I., wjiich see.
Ke, Poss. pron. 3. p. sing. His : umntwana
wake, his or her child; ihashe laU6, his
horse; into y«ke, his thing, and so on
through all classes ; emphat. oivake umntwa-
na, his child; eyake intsimi, his garden, etc.
K^, I. conj. And, now, but, then, (a) It is
used to indicate sequence in time, a
progression in the chain of events, some-
times with an adversative meaning: keka-
loku amadoda abefimgile, and now the men
had sworn ; ke ntna ndift kimi, but I say unto
you ; ke ngoko, now therefore ; ke, nbutshilo-
na? did you really say so ? ke, sesifikHe kuye,
saqala ukuncokola, well, having come to
him, we commenced to converse.
(b) It is sometimes used in a deprecatory
and precatory sense : ke Nkosi ! O, Sir, or.
My dear Sir! ke Nkosi scndiyakuti-naf and
now. Lord, what shall I say .?
2. Enclitic, (a) It is affirmative, con-
secutive and inferential, referring to what
has previously taken place, or been
asserted, and often answers to the English
" then": hctmba-ke, go then; meaning, after
what has been said, I consent to your
going; utshilo-ke, he said so then; wii'i,
lomntti makeze kuye, weza-k.e, he said the
man must come, and so he came ; ndabona
ityala ukuba liya kundidla, ttdasendililahla-ke,
I saw that the case would ruin me, so I
readily rejected it ; watl, tnabayeke iikumbeta,
bayeka-ke, he said they should stop beating
him, and so they stopped.
(b) It makes the verb, adjective or pro-
noun more emphatic : kukiclu-ke, it is really
KE
great; andazi-ke, I do not know, I am sure;
ngumntu-ke loivo, it is a man, i.e. a person.
i-Kebe, n. 2. (a) A short dagger ; cf. i-Jozi, a
broad spear, (b) The price paid for the
temporary use of a woman or concubine.
isi-Kebelele; n. 4. That which is broad and
wide.
in-Kebenge, «. 3. A helpless, destitute
person.
uku-Kebetlsa, v. t. To bring a greeting : wake-
bctisa kum, he brought a greeting to me.
ukuti-Kebevu, v- i. To sit down and take a
rest ; to sit helplessly tired after running.
uku-Kedama, v. i. Orig. to be cast away
from ; to sit and fix one's thoughts on the
position from which one was removed or
kidnapped in time of war; hence, to hold
the head to one side ; to be sad, downcast,
sorrowful ; to be deserted ; to be an orphan ;
to fret at not having got what one wishes.
in-Kedama, n. 3. An orphan, who has lost
one or both parents ; an indigent person.
ubun-Kedaitia, n. 7. Orphanhood.
uku-Kedamela, v. To be sad or sorry on
account of another's grief or trouble ; to
commiserate: tikedamele nto-nina? for
what are you sorry ? ndikedamele umntwa-
na warn, I am grieving for my child.
— Kedamisa, v. To cause sadness; to
make oneself sad ; to cause one to become
an orphan,
ukuti Kefu, v. i. To sit down a while; to rest.
uku-Kef uza, v. i. To be out of breath : = uku-
Befuza.
ukuti-Kehle, v. i. To be quite done up; to be
useless.
i-Kehle, n. 2. Em. That which is useless,
worn out, mean, vile; a very old man,
husband, or father.
um-Kehlekehle, n. 6. That which is dry,
worn out, falling to pieces (a wagon);
anything lean, lank, withered.
uku-Keka, v. t. To turn a big thing through a
small opening; fig. to try to justify or
vindicate oneself by turnings and twistings.
— Kekela, v. To enter sideways : inkabi iya-
kekela ebuhlanti, the ox (with stretched
out horns) enters the narrow opening of
the cattlefold by turning its horns side-
ways.
Kekaloku, conj., see Oku, l. and Ke, I. (a).
uku-KELA, V. t. To clear, as by cutting
down, = uku-Hlahla ; fig. to open, reveal,
in Keleiikele, «. 3. (a) A thing cleared out.
(b) A long, tall person; a giant, (c) A bad
cut.
KE
ama-K6ielana, n. 2. pi. See uku-Ka, II.
uku-Keleleka, v. i. To run, as a dog after
game, to reach the game without catching
KE
it
isi-KELEM, n. 4. A mischievous, bad, crafty
person: one who is always in a fighting
mood ; fr. Du. schelm.
ukuti-K6me, v. i. To sigh.
isi-K^mekeme, n. 4. One who is tired,
weary, faint: bazizikhnekeme, they are
tired with running.
uku-K6mezeIa, v. To be out of breath
from running.
in-Kemfu, w. 3. (a) A high perpendicular
rock, (b) Very thick milk, = i-Nqaka.
um-Kence, «. 6. Ice.
i-K^ncekSnce, n. 2. A small, tinkling bell,
uku-K^nceza, v. i. To tinkle, jingle, ring
like a small bell.
isi-K6ncezelo, n. 4. A small tinkling bell,
um-Kenekene, n. 6. A refusing to act for
a person who has no share in a matter.
ubu-K^nekene, w. 7. A shaking.
in-Kenenkene, n. 3. A child who is always
crying or who cries without reason; see
i-Nkenenkene.
Kengoko, conj. Therefore, see Ke and Oko5.
i-K^nke, n. 2. A thrust, stab: wamhlaba ama-
khtke, he stabbed him ; cf . uku-Ka II.
in-Kenkebe, n. 3. A clever person who
understands and can perform all kinds of
work; a good, shrewd man; nkenkebe! my
good fellow !
um-KSnkenene, «. 6. A gulf, abyss.
isi-Kinket^, «. 4. That which is short and
stout; one who opens his jaws wide: usiki-
nkete ukuhleka, he laughs hard or loud.
uku-K^nqa, v. i. To wait, expecting to get
something.
uku-K^nqeza, v. i. To make a rattling noise,
as a piece of wood or tin struck with a
stick.
um-K^ntane, n. 6. Sympathy, compassion.
uku-K^nteka, v. t. To have sympathy for,
compassionate.
ukuti-Kdnu, V. i.-ukutl-Kebevu.
isi-KEPE, n. 4. A ship, boat ; from Du. schip.
Dimin. isikitshane.
i-Kepek^pe, n. 2., = i-Kapukapu.
i-K6pek6pe, w. 7. = ubii-Kapukapu.
uku-Kep^lezela, v. i. To walk smartly,
especially in carrying a thing.
i-KSpl!i, n. 2. Snow; ik^pu liyawa, or Em.
liyakitika, the snow falls in flakes.
ukuti-K^pu, V. t. To cut off a large slice, as
opposed to ukuti-Cwe.
ukutdla-Kipu, V. To cut off a large slice
(e.g. of bread) for one.
Kepukepu, adj. Soft, loose: umhlaba
ukepukipti, the earth is loose, easy to hoe.
ubu-K^pukdpu, n. 7. Softness or looseness
(e.g. of earth).
uku-Kepula, v. t. (a) To cause the fall of
anything loosened by moisture, etc., as
plaster from a wall, (b) = tiku-Capula.
— K^puka, V. To shake, totter, as a falling
wall or tree.
— K^puza, V. Tembu. To put forth the
silken filaments of the maize cob, when
the grain is forming; fig. to froth from
the mouth: inkomo iyakipuza, the cow
lets froth fall from its mouth ; uyakipuza
amagwebu, he foams at the mouth.
uku-Kesa, v. t. Not to mind or attend to ; to
depreciate, decry, undervalue.
ubu-K^swa, «. 7. Used as adj. : into ebuki^
swa, a thing not valued, not cared for.
i-KESI, n. 3. A box or chest, from Du. kas.
uku-K'ET'A, V. t. To choose, pick out, select ;
to give the preference to ; keta kwezinkomo,
pick out, choose from among these cattle ;
to be partial: akuketi mntu, thou dost not
pick and choose, art impartial.
um-K^ti, n. I. One who chooses, picks
out, shows partiality.
uKifc ] Partiality.
in-Kete, n. 3. Corn after it has been clean-
ed ; a kind of bead.
u-Kete, n. 5. Gravel.
uku-K6tak6t^, u To show partiality to :
ukuketakka abantti, to be a respecter of
persons.
— Keteka, v. To be preferable.
— Ketela, v. To make a selection or choice
for or on behalf of: timkeiele ihashe, choose
a horse for him.
i-K^telele, n. 2. A very fat bullock, which
has been picked out for slaughtering.
u-K^t5ha, and u-Ketshe, n. I. General
name for falcons, most usually applied to
the Lanner, Falco biarmicus Teinm., and
the South African Kestrel, Cerchneis rupi-
cola (Baud. J
uku-K6tya, v. t. To steal, plunder.
i-Ketya, n. 2. A thief, robber.
in-Ketyemba, n. 3. That which is very
hungry.
uku-K^va, V. i. To ramble about.
in-Kewu, «. 3. A rascal, fellow. See
-Nkewu.
186
kE
isi-Kewu, «. 4. The indentations in the cut-
ting edge of a saw ; a nick in the blade of a
knife ; a narrow gap in a mountain range ;
uttintu onesikewu, a person who has lost the
front or other teeth.
uku-Kewuka, v. To have the edge broken
out.
um-Kewu, «, 6. A species of tree.
i-Kewukewu, n. 2. That which is white like
snow ; = ama-Newunewu.
isi-Keya, «. 4. A cage for birds.
isi-KEYI, n. 4. A piece of wood fastened per-
pendicularly in a bullock yoke; the animal
when yoked has its head fastened by an
understrap between two of these ; from Du.
schei.
u-Kezo, «. 5. A wooden spoon.
isi-Kibi, w. 4. A woman's apron.
in-Kibitsholo, n. 3. A big, strong person or
thing; a rogue, vagabond who does not
care for anything.
uku-KihIika, v. i. To fall off, as plaster
slips from a wall.
— Kihiiza, v. To let out what is in the
heart ; to expectorate.
uku-Kikiteka, v. i. To laugh, giggle very
much ; = Gigiteka.
i-Kikizela, n. 2. A shoot from an old corn
root ; the first-ripe fruit or the last left.
uku-Kila, v. t. To accuse secretly; to tell
tales of, betray. (This word is commonly,
but not exclusively, used by children).
i-Kilako, n. 2. Brandy.
isi-Kilongo, «. 4. One with deep set eyes.
i-Kina, n. 2. Meat roasted on hot embers.
isi-Kina, «. 4. Group, company, division,
class.
ukuti-Kincl, v. i. Of the throat or chest, to
be closed up. v. t. To tie up anything.
ama-Kindilili, n. 2. pi. Pains, cramps;
constant crying over a dead person.
in-Kinga, n. 3. Something which perplexes
one ; = in-Kohla.
in-Kinge, n. 3. A bow-like stringed instru-
ment, held by the wooden portion in the
mouth and played upon with the fingers.
The string is made of thread (itsinga).
ama-Kinindane, n. 2. pi. Stiffness of the
limbs after riding, working or dancing.
isi-Kinindi, «. 4. (a) Central part of a
village, or heart of the people, (b) A great
number of people meeting at a marriage
or other feast.
i-Kinqa, n. 2. Luck : likinqa lam eli, it is my
good luck (e.g. when one finds a three-
penny-piece on the ground).
Kt
in-Kinqa, n. 3. Food or tobacco purchased
or received in a time of dearth, = i-Nkinqa.
in-Kinqane, n. 3. That which is hard, stiff:
umhlaba uyinkinqane, the ground is hard;
fig. difficult to work from compactness.
um-Kinqi, n. 6. Stiffness in the joints after
a journey, or after having been in a con-
fined position.
in-Kinqila, «. 3. A catching of the breath;
hiccough.
uku-Kintsa, v. i. To jump in dancing; cf.
uku-Xentsa.
in-Kintsane, n. 3. A jump.
in Kintseia, n. 3. A person out of whom it
is exceedingly difficult to draw any in-
formation; a case that cannot be finished
because of the difficulty in obtaining in-
formation.
ukuti-Kinxi, v. i. To stick, as a wagon in
mud ; to stick or hesitate in speaking, etc. ;
to stop in doing anything.
uku-Kiqiza, v. i. To snow.
um-Kisiso, n. 6. The Cabbage-tree, Cus-
sonia umbellifera Sond.
um-Kita, n. 6. A winning, pleasant ex-
pression of countenance or appearance;
gracefulness, comeliness: ndimnyama ndi-
nomk'ita noko, I am black, but comely ; to be
lovable, interesting, attractive, though not
beautiful.
ukuti-Kita, v. t. To cut, as a stone or axe
does.
in:K!tlnklta, ] «• 3- A great number
of men, cattle, etc.; a mob, a swarm;
impukane ziyinkitankita, the flies are
numerous; uteta inkita, he speaks much
that is of no use.
uku-Kitaza, v. To cut down what is
plentiful (corn), so that it may fall in
heaps.
— Kitazela, v. To cut down for some
purpose.
— Kitazeka, v. To nod from drowsiness.
isi-KlTI, n. 4. A pound for strayed stock,
from Du. schut.
uku-Kitika, v. i. To get loose and fall
down: ilitye likttikile ewent, the stone got
loose and fell down from the rock; to
fall down in a heap: isulu likitikile, lit.
the sky has fallen, i.e. is covered with dark
clouds, and snow or sleet is falling.
— Kitikela, v. To fall down into: ilitye
laktttkda apa emnxunyeni, a stone fell
right down here into the hole.
187
KI
— Kitiza, V. Of sleet or fine rain, to shoot
down.
— Kitizela, v. To fell: k'litzela pantsi
yonke imiti, fell all the trees.
in Kitinkiti, w. 3. Beads.
isi Kitshane, n. 4. Dimin. of isi-Kepe. A
little boat.
i-Klwane, n. 2. A fig.
um-Kiwane, «. 6. The Bush fig-tree, Ficus
capensis Thiin. ; hence used for a fig-tree in
general.
K6, I. Pron. pass. 2 p. sing. Thy: imali yakb,
thy money; pantsi kivakd, before thee.
2. Pron. of 8 cl. (from the emphatic
k6na). It: Used (a) after poss. particles of
all classes: ndifiin' iikudla isongo sakb
simnandi, I want food of a pleasant taste ;
itninzuftzH vflkd (iikufa), the pangs of it
(death); emphatic, eydVib itninzunzii, its
pangs.
(b) in an indefinite sense: ndinikela
izishiuni zakb konke endihizuzayo, I give
tithes of all that I get.
(c) with prep.: pambi kzvalib (ukuta-
ndaza), before it (prayer) ; to be dis-
tinguished from pambi kwako, before thee ;
uboini abuiigapezulu-na kitkb ukudla? is not
the life more than the food ?
(d) with prep, na, followed by the infin.
considered as a noun, to express possession
or power: ndinakb ukudla, I have food;
andiitakb ukuieta (contrac. andinakuteta) I
am not able to speak.
(e) following the copula: ^;<kd, it is it,
(not to be confounded with kukb, it is
present) ; and expressing causal relation-
ship: ndiruqukile kukb (ukuiya), I am dis-
gusted with it, I loathe it (food).
3. adv. Used (a) with the Pron. subj. or
uku-BS I., it expresses presence or existence:
ndikb, I am present; kukb ukutya, the food
is there; abantu abakbyo, the people who
are present ; ndiya kubakb kusasa, I shall be
present in the morning; akakb yena, he is
not present; amadoda ebengekb, the men
were not present. (The relative form kolo
is seldom used : lento ikolo tnna, this thing is
or exists for me).
(b) With the impersonal Pron. subj. ku
it has an indefinite meaainj- : kukb ujuntu,
there are people, or people are present.
In the negative it denotes that there is not
one of the things spoken of, or there does
not exist: sitl isidenge, akukb T'lxo, the fool
says. There is no God.
KO
Ko, Pron. subj. of the condit. future of 8 cl. :
ukufa kofika, death will come; also used
indefinitely: kobako indlala, there will be
dearth.
ubu-K6, n. 7. Presence, existence: baboyika
tibuko bam, they fear my presence.
in-Ko, n. 3. = the open anus ; see in-Kolo. Ndiyi-
nko, I am surprised, disappointed (staring
with open mouth). Phr. nse-Nko nase-Bakuba,
he is in Nomansland or in the land of
Nowhere.
ama-Kdba, n. 2. pi. The refuse of corn left
after thrashing and winnowing; husks,
chaff, empty pods.
isi-K6ba, n. 4. A forest or clump of yellow-
wood trees.
um-Koba, n. 6. Bastard yellowwood, Podo-
carpus elongata L. Her. ; fig. a coffin.
u-K6ba, 71. 5. Ripening corn which the birds
have cast down.
uku-K6ba, v. i. To beckon with the hand; to
call by beckoning.
— K6bela, v. To beckon to a person to
approach: ndamkobela kum, I beckoned
him to approach.
in-Kobe, «. 3. Kafir-corn or maize boiled
whole (i.e. without being first crushed or
husked).
um-K6beza, «. 6. Bogwood, Nuxia congesta,
R. Br.
i Kobe, n. 2. An empty cornpit.
u-Kobo, ti. 5. (a) Appendage to the Kafir
isidla, the long part on which brasswire is
strung, (b) The plant called utywala bentaka.
in-Kobonkobo, n. 3. Anything long; a tall,
wiry man; a long nose on a European; a
long nozzle on a horse ; the long beak of
um Kolwane] also used in a bad sense for
swearing.
i Koboka, n. 2. A slave; one under bondage
to another ; fem. ikobokakazi and ikobokazana.
ubu-Kdboka, h. 7. Slavery.
uku-K6bolela, v. i. To hasten or run after a
thing; to be covetous, ravenous in the
extreme.
u-K6boIoIo, n. 5. Great desire; often re-
turning greediness; one who eats or
drinks to excess.
in-Kobolokonde, «. 3- An insatiable person
or thing: uyinkobolokonde, he eats much,
but does not become satisfied ; isitya siyi-
nkobolokonde, the vessel is of large capa-
city, able to hold still more; wenza
inkobolokonde, he called a large meeting, but
is dissatisfied with a few people.
i-K6bonga, n. 2. Greedy: lonmtu idikobonga,
that person is greedy, voracious.
in-Kobongiyane, n. 3. A railway siding.
i-K6bongwana, «. 2. An imported heifer.
in Koboiikobo, k. 3. See under u Kobo.
isi-Kdbozi, n. 4. An old hat or cap.
Kodwa, (a) adj. ref. to 8 cl.: Only, alone:
tabata ukutya kodwa, take the food only;
kiikodwa oku, this is alone, separate ; a thing
by itself, or quite another thing; see Dwa.
(b) adv. Merely: uteta kodwa, you merely
talk ; ulele kodwa, he merely sleeps.
(c) conj. But, however: uyasebenza, kodwa
akaqinisi, he works, but not hard;
ngokukodwa, especially : ndimvelisile
pambi kweuu, ngokukodwa pamb'i kwako, nkosi,
I have brought him forth before you, but
especially before thee, chief.
i-KOFU, n. 3. Coffee, from the Du. koffie.
u-K6fuk6fu, ti. 5. Hard breathing.
i-Kogina, n. 3. Lead.
uku-K'OHLA, V. t. To puzzle; to place in a
difficulty: lamkohla, it (the word) put him
in a difficulty; to confuse, disconcert,
obstruct ; to put out of countenance : leiidlela
indikohlile, this road puzzles me; lendaba
indikohlile, this report puzzles me; ndiya-
mkohla, I obstruct him (in speaking^ is of
very recent use. The passive form is used
more frequently : ndakohhva, I was in a fix
ndikohlkve, I am embarrassed; I am at a
loss what to say ; tidikohliwe yinto endingaye-
nzayo, I am at a loss what to do; to be
unable, powerless ; kubizwe irafu, kanti ndi
kohliwe, kuba ndiitge tiamali, the taxes are
demanded, but I am in a difficulty, i.e.
unable to pay, for I have no money ; akuko-
hliwe ngtwwtu, you are not embarrassed by
any man, i.e. you are not in need of any
man's help; ndikohlkve ligatna lako, I have
forgotten your name.
i-K6hle-kdhle, «. 2. A striking right and
left with an assegai.
u-K6hlo, n. I. and i-Kdhlo, n. 2. The left
side. Used as adverb in the locative case
ekoltlo and ngasekohlo, at or on the left
side: ati-ke zona ibokwe azimise ngasekohlo,
but the goats he shall set on the left;
ngasekohlo kwake or kuye, at his left hand ;
isandla sokohlo or csokdhlo,\\he left hand.
in-Kohla, n. 3. A puzzle, difficulty, impos-
sibility; a person with whom one can do
nothing. The camp of the Zulu king
Tshaka was called inkohla. See uku
Hlangana.
ko
isi-K6hlo, n. 4. A message, Sisikohlo sam
is said by a messenger delivering his
message, and denotes: This is all that I
have to say.
ukuK6hlakaIa, v. To be useless, unfit;
good for nothing; to be wicked, evil,
cruel : tinintu okohlakeleyo, a useless, wick-
ed or cruel person.
in-Kohlakalo, n. 3. Uselessness, wicked-
ness, cruelty, ungodliness: ungalipati nge-
nkohlakalo igama lika-Yehova, thou shalt
not take the name of the Lord in vain.
isi-K6hIakali, n. 4. A useless, wicked,
godless person of evil designs.
uku-K6hlakalisa, v. To render useless, to
handle deceitfully.
— K6hleka, v. To be difficult, impossible :
kwakohleka ukuziguqula kwake, it was im-
possible for him to change his mind, his
conversion was impossible.
— K6hlisa, V. To cause one to be at a
loss ; to mislead, cause to err ; to deceive,
cheat, beguile, defraud, wrong: wandiko-
hlisa ngenkomo yake, he deceived me with
his cow. Adv. ngokungakohlisiyo, lit. by
not deceiving, i.e. in truth.
um-K6hlisi, «. I. A deceiver, defrauder.
in-Kohllso, n. 3. Deceit, deception, de-
lusion.
uku-K6hlisana, v. To deceive, cheat, etc.,
each other.
— K6hliseka, v. To be deceived.
u-K6hlok6hIo, n. 5. A chronic cough.
uku-K6hIela, v. i. To cough.
izi-Kdhlela, n. 4. pi. Matter, phlegm,
expectorated by coughing; sputum.
i-K6hlonibe, n. 2. The case or sheath in
which assegais are carried ; a reserve party.
uku-Kdhloza, v. t. To break off many maize-
cobs; to cut off much wood; = Qoroza.
uku-K'OKA, V. i. To take the lead, said
specially of animals; to wander away, go
astray.
um-K6ko, n. 6. A travelling company:
usemkokweni wabahambi, he is in the
company of travellers; a number of men
going to war, etc.
uku-K6kela, v. To go before; to lead.
um-Kokeli, n. I and in-Kokeli, n. 3. One
who goes before, the boy who leads a
span of oxen; a leader; iratshi ngumkokeli
wesiwo, pride leads to a fall.
in-Kokelo, n. 3. Leading; fig. a programme.
uku-K6kelela, v. To lead into or towards :
ufanele ukukokelela abanye enyanisweni,
you should lead others into the truth.
KO
— K6kisa, V. To cause to go away, (used
of cattle).
u-Koko, n. I. An ancestor.
isi-K6ko, w. 4. Food that has been left in a
pot ; = im-Batu.
u-K6ko, «. 5. A crust: ukoko Iwesonka, a
crust of bread ; scab, scurf, incrustation on
a partially healed wound. Dimin. tikokwana,
a little crust, used sometimes as = is-Onka.
Koko, conj. But that, etc., see Oko, I.
uku-Kdk6ba, v. i. To go bent from old age ;
to creep or go bent as a beggar: abanye
sebenazo impahla zabo, ke-mna ndisakokoba,
others are already quite comfortable, but I
am still as poor as a beggar.
ukuti-Ko-ko-ko and uku-Kokozela, v. i.
To run hard, out of breath, to or towards
a place where anything has happened.
Kokokuba, Intens. of Kukuba, By that,
from ukii-Bd, I.
i-K6k6sholo, n. 2. A useless, slovenly
person ; a henpecked man.
uku-Kokot&, V. t. To bring forth, produce
all the prepared food ; also = Qoqoda.
uku-Kokozela, = ukutlKd-kd-ko.
Kokuk6na, conj. Lit. it is the more; the
more, see Kona.
uku-K'OLA, V. t. (This radical form is now
generally displaced by uku-Kolisa.) To
give satisfaction: lento indikdlile, this thing
has satisfied me ; ayikoli, it does not please
me. Phr. indaba yetyela ayikoli, lit. the
news of the teller does not satisfy, i.e. one
can hardly believe what one is told, unless
one sees for oneself.
i-K6la, «. 2. obselete = \-Kb\'wa: singama-
kola, = sigqobokile.
i-K6lo, «. 2. That which one has pleasure
in, or loves very much; satisfaction,
good pleasure : ikolo ebantwini, satisfaction
with men; ikolo leyant intliziyo lelokuba
basindiswe, my heart's good pleasure is
that they may be saved.
in-Kolo, n. 3. That which is believed,
creed, (objective).
in-Kolo-nkolo, «. 3. pi. Religious deno
minations; different beliefs.
U-K6I0, n. 5. Satisfaction, confidence,
trust, belief, faith, (subjective).
uku-K6lwa, pass, of uku-K6la. (a) Liter-
ally and primarily it means " to be satis-
fied with, pleased with," and was used
orig. with the causal forms of nouns:
ndikoliwe liyeza awandinikayo, I am
pleased with the medicine he gave me ;
ndikdliwe yilendawo, this is the place I
190
K6
like, it answers my desires and purposes.
Phr. wokolwa yeyokosa, lit. you will be
glad to take roasted meat; (applied to
any one who is boasting immoderately,
to warn him that, if he does not take
care, he will get into trouble, when he
will be glad to take whatever comes to
hand. He will take roast meat, as it is
easily done, and as he will have neither
time nor means to boil it. It is also
used as a threat, as if one said, I will
punish you thoroughly).
(b) To approve of; to trust in; to
believe in: ndiyakolwa ngu-Tixo, I believe
in God ; ndikdliwe ngumsebenzi wakk, I am
satisfied with his work; andikolwa ngu-
lomntu, I do not trust this man ; abantu
abakolwayo, believing people.
Latterly the prep, ku has taken the
place of the causal forms: ndiyakolwa
ku-Yesu, I believe in Jesus; but this des-
troys the idiomatic sense, which implies,
that the faith of the individual is pro-
duced in his mind by the trustworthiness,
excellency and all sufficiency of Him
towards whom the faith is exercised.
i-K6lwa, «. 2. A believer.
ubu-K6lwa, «. 7. Belief, trust.
uku-K6lana, v. To be satisfied with:
bakolene naye, they are pleased, familiar
or prepossessed with him; they agree
with him.
— Kdlw^ana, v. To reciprocate trust; to
be satisfied with each other ; to exercise
mutual confidence.
i-KdIwane, n. 2. A confident, intimate,
bosom friend; a colleague; fem. ikolwane-
kazi.
ubu-K6lwane, n. 7. Mutual confidence,
companionship, fellowship.
uku-K6leka, v. To be satisfactory, ac-
ceptable, trustworthy, pleasant: amazwi
ake akolekile kum, his words are satis-
factory or acceptable to me.
in-Koleko, n. 3. Good will, pleasure.
uku-K6lekisa, v. To cause or make
acceptable, etc.
— K6lela, v. To have pleasure in respect
to; to like: inkosi eniyikolelayo yiyiptnaf
which is the chief whom you like so
much? Of recent use instead of inkosi
enikolwa yiyo yiyiptnaf
in-KoIelo, n. 3. Good will towards one.
This word and in-Koleko are both of
recent use for i-Kolo.
uku-K6Hsa, V. (a) To satisfy; to give
sufficient or enough: wathiga inkabi yam
KO
wandikdlisa, he bought my bullock and
satisfied me, i.e. paid me well; to please;
to inspire with confidence : ukolisile, you
have done well, that is enough; undikoli
sile, you have satisfied me; I have con-
fidence in you ; ukolisile akwenje njalo, he
has given full satisfaction by so doing;
uyikolisile inkewu ngercle lake, he has
satisfied the fellow with his sword, he
has given him more than enough, (b)
As aux. it has the adverbial meaning of
often, usually, effectually: bakolisa uku-
lima, they ploughed to satisfaction i.e.
much, thoroughly, effectually; bakolisa
ngokona, they are accustomed to trans-
gress, do it often ; bakolisa ngokutt batande,
they love to satisfaction, i e. enough,
very much; zikolisa ngokuba ziqiti, the
most of them are islands; ilizwe likolisa
ngokuba nentlabati, most of the land is
sandy; likolisa ngokuba Hde, the greater
part of it is long ; amazive akakoUsi kuba
nabantu, the countries are mostly without
people, i.e. have not many or enough
people; abakolisi ngakuzazi, they do not
satisfy with their knowledge, i.e. do not
know much.
um-K6lisi, n. I. One who pleases: um-
kdlisi-bantu, a man-pleaser.
in-KoIiso, n. 3. The larger portion of the
whole: inkoliso yabantu yafika kusasa,
most of the people arrived in the
morning.
u-K6liso, n. 5. That which gives satisfac-
tion.
uku-K6Usana, v. To please, satisfy each
other.
in-KoIisano, n. 3. Mutual pleasure, satis-
faction ; harmony, unity.
uku-K6liseka, v. To have so much as to
feel satisfied : ndikolisekile, I am satisfied ;
I have nothing to complain of.
in-KoHseko, n. 3.
u-K6liseko, n. 5.
satisfaction, contentment.
uku-K6lisisa, v. To make oneself often
pleasant, acceptable.
um-KoIeya, «. 6. Bastard yellowwood, = Mw-
Koba.
in-Kol6, n. 3. The opening of the anus;
a gaping; a hole (in a pair of trousers or in
a tin vessel); dimin. inkolwana, a small,
long or tubular hole.
isi-KOLO, «, 4. School, a Mission Station,
from the Du. school. Phr. isikolo liliwa
lamagqwira, a mission station is a hiding
place for scoundrels.
Fulness which is felt.
KO
uku-KoLOBA and KOROBA, v. t. To scrub; to
do a little job, ; fr. Du. schrobben.
isi-KOLOBO, n. 4. Menial work, as scrub-
bing, brushing ; hence a job : ndiya kuziju-
tiela izikolobo e-Monti, I am going to look
for work at East London.
i-K6lokdlo, «. 2. A very lean animal or
thing: inkomo zingainakolokolo, lean cattle,
recovering from lungsickness, or after a
drought.
isi-K6lokot6, n. 4. The tuberous root with
broad leaves of Sanseviera thyrsiflora
Thun., used as medicine for worms and
piles. The larger kind is called isikolokotd
sehlati; cf. uku-Gciintsa.
in-Kololwane, n. 3. The bulb of the um-
Muncwane.
um-KdIonjane, «. 6. (a) The Crowned
Hornbill, Lophoceros melanoleucos (A
Licht.) ; = tim-Kohvatie.
(b) The ghost of a person who according
to Kafir superstition was killed, and had
his tongue cut out, but who rose again and
rambles about at night. (It is also used as
a term of reproach.)
um-KdIo-ny ama, n. 6. The passage between
two rows of people sitting opposite each
other.
in-Kolontyo, k. 3. A deep, dark place or
corner ; = in-Kontyiba and in-Kontyo.
uku-K6losa, V. i. Orig. to lean with the
back against a thing; fig. to be safe, secure :
wnvihlangula nahlala nikolosile, he delivered
you and ye dwelt in safety; to lean on, i.e.
to confide in: ndikolosa ngo-Tixo, I lean on,
i.e. I confide in God.
— K6loseka, v. To feel safe, secure, firm.
in-KoIoseko, «. 3. A feeling of safety,
security, confidence : yeyanina lenkoloseko
nikolose ttgayo? what confidence is this
wherein you trust ?
uku-K6losisa, v. To cause or make to
confide: ndizikolosisa kuye, I entrust
myself to him.
in-Kolosisi, n. 3. One who inspires trust
or confidence.
in-Kolovane, n. 3. (a) Scab on the skin, (b)
Very sharp hoarfrost.
uku-K61wa, pass, of uku-Kola.
um-K6lwane, n. 6. The Crowned Horn-
bill, Lophoceros melanoleucos (A. Licht. J.
in-Komana, n. 3. Dimin. of in-Komo, see
i-Nkomo.
i-K6niane lomkdba, n. 2. A large barrel.
191
KO
in-Komankoma, «. 3. A species of fern,
Nephrodium athamanticum Hook., whose
root is used as a vermifuge.
in-Komba, «. 3. A species of palm-tree grow-
ing on the Egossa coast in East Pondoland.
uku-K6mba, v. i. Em. To point out; to make
a sign to another with the finger; to point
out or towards a place or object with the
finger: wakomba ngapa, he pointed thither;
= tikw-Alaia.
u-K6mbe. n. 5. Em. The forefinger of the
right hand ; = um-Gubelo.
uku-K6mbisa, v. To cause to point out;
to double up.
ura-Kdmbe, n. 6. (short 'o') The rhinoceros.
um-K6mbe, w.6. (long'o') A wooden trough,
hollowed out longitudinally on the upper
side of a log of wood, used for various
domestic purposes; a kneading-trough^
canoe, boat, ship ; dim. umkmjatta.
in-Komb6zembe, n. 3. Em. An herb called
by boys u-Tywala bentaka, = Ksif\.r ii-Kobo.
in-KOMFA, w. 3. The annual conference of
the Wesleyan church; a conference; from
Eng. conference.
um-Komiso, n. 6. A large evergreen tree,
Rhus longifolia Sovd., common in the
Eastern portion of Cape Colony.
i-KOMITYl, «. 3. A cup, bowl; from Du,
kommetje.
Komkulu, adv. At the great place.
i-Komkulu, n. 2. The great place; that
kraal of a king or chief, at which the great
wife lives ; hence, court, kingdom ; igosa
lakomkulu, the king's officer or courtier
see um-Kulu.
in-Komo, n. 3. A cow; See i-Nkomo.
u-K6mokaz3, n. 5. Cows without oxen
a crowd without a head or helper; common
people without a chief.
K6na, (a) Pron. etnpliat. subj. and object. 8
cl. It, itself, the same one: sikurile kdna,
we have heard it, i.e. the same thing; ke
kdna ukutya sikugqibilc, as regards the food,
we have finished it; okona kittya kumnatidi^
the nicest food.
(b) adi: (Em. here: zikona, they are here.)
There, in that place : apo umi kdna, where
you stand ; kdn' apo kiiya kubakd ukuiila,
where there shall be weeping; ivafi'^a vtnntu
wakona, there arrived a man of that place ;
makiingcibi kdna ngomtendeleko, let it not be
during, at the time of, the feast.
Kwakdna, In the very same place, or the
very same thing, once more, again : ycnza
kwakana, do it again, repeat it.
KO
Nga-k6na, In that direction: sisinga
ngakdna, we are proceeding in that direction.
(c) It is used in the sense of, " in case,
in fact," and in repeating an action, or in
attempting to accomplish an operation:
kdna! do it again! hayi kdna! depend
upon it!
Ku-k6na, okii-k6na, koku-k6na, conj.
The more, consequently : wandibiza olcid'o-
na ndizayo, you called me, and therefore
I am coming; kodiva o!cukdna wabayalayo,
kokukdna bakuvakalisa ngakumbi, but the
more he charged them, the more they
published it; asikokukdna ndiya kuntya,
O, how much more shall I be glad!
uku-K6nica, v. i. To sit or lie in a nice safe
place ; to live retired in the house.
i-K6nco, /). 2. A link of a chain ; a buckle
(of harness) for fastening.
uku-Kdncoza, v. i. To make a sound as the
clinking iogeth&r of meti\\; = ukn-Kenceza.
in-Konde, n. 2. (a) A large brown bird
with red beak, probably the Bald Ibis,
Geronticus calvus (Bodd.).
(b) A narrative, tale.
isi-K6nde, n. 4. A species of plant, like a
carrot, eaten by boys.
u-Kondla, n. 5. That which grows up
quickly.
in-Kondlo, n. 3. The dance which closes
the ill-Ton jane.
uku-Kdndloza, v. t. To continue speaking or
asking about a thing after being warned to
desist; to make i.^iuiry into something not
yet understood; to inquire eagerly; to
suspect ; to warn, admonish with hard
words.
in-Kondlozo, n. 3. Continued speaking
after repeated warnings.
i-K6ndo, n. 2. (a) That which is last, behind,
at the end, (b) ^ um-Kondo.
isi-K6ndo, n. 4. The part next to the root ;
stubble: isikdndo sombdna, the lower part of
the maize stalk; isikdndo soin!'i, the stem,
trunk, stock, thick end of a tree ; isHcdndo
soboya, the root of the hair; isikdndo sentsi-
mbt, a long piece of iron, crowbar.
um-Kdndo, n. 6. Track, trace, trail made
by a vehicle; the footmarks of man or
beast: yawa einkdndweni indoda, the man
followed their track; row, order, class, step.
in-Kone, n. 3. See i-Nkone.
in-Kongo. n. 3. (a) A mat put up length-
wise in a doorway to form a draught or to
screen from the smoke of a fire, (b) The
umtshotsho, or Saturday night dance of boj's ;
fig. sham, deceit; ambush.
192
KO
in-Kongolo, «. 3. Anything ugly, as an oblong
face; a baboon; that which looks hollow,
as an old horse; cf. in Kobonkobo.
ukutl-Kongololo, v. i. To be lean, withered.
uku.K6ngoza, v. i. To hold up the hands to
receive something; to beg indirectly; said
of a grandmother who begs something for
her grandchild, and eats it with the child:
ndiyamkongoza, I am bringing up the child.
— K6ngozeIa, v. To hold out the hands or
a vessel for the purpose of receiving
anything from another person : kongozela
ngesandla ndikupe, hold up your hand that
I may give you ; to place a bucket under
a spout to catch the raindrops : kongozela
Imvula, collect the rain, i.e. plough al-
though the ground is hard; to take a
collection, in church or elsewhere.
in-Kdngozelo, n. 3. A collection.
um-K6njana, n. 6. Dimin. of urn-Komhe.
in-K6njane, n. 3. A swallow (generically) ;
a swallow-tail mark (of ownership) in the
ear of a sheep or other domestic animal ; a
method of doing up the qiya sometimes
adopted by girls; a spear with a barbed
head.
uku-K6nka, v. i. To feast intemperately ; to
gormandise.
Konke, adj. 8. cl. Whole, all: ndipe konke
ukutya, give me all the food; see Onke.
uku-K6nkela, v. t. Em. To close, bar; to
catch one in his speech ; = Gogela and Goqa.
isi-K6nkosi, n. 4. The poll of the neck.
uku-K6nkota, v. i. Of a dog, to bark.
n. 8. Barking.
um-Kdnkot6, n. 6. Barking.
uku-K6nkoteIa, v. To bark at.
in-Konkotela, n. 3. One who is well
acquainted with anything, conversant
with, clever in everything.
uku-K6nkotisa, v. To rouse, stir, excite to
bark.
— K6nkotiseIa, v. To cause to bark at.
in-Konkowane, n. 3. used as adj. (a) Very
cold, (b) Dry (of maize).
isi-K6nkwane, n. 4. A wooden pin or peg
for fastening down an expanded skin; a
nail, bolt ; an iron pin under a beacon ; a
beacon of a building lot; the building lot
itself. Phr. ndibetelelwe ngesikonkwane, I am
fastened by a nail, i.e. T am a fixture here
(in this place or at this work, although I
believed I was finished with it).
•si-K6no, n. 4. The whole arm: unesikono,
he uses his arms well, he is dexterous; he
understands his business, e.g. milking.
z 193
KO
isa-K6no, n. 4. Dexterity. It is used in
reference to any individual who has the
power of throwing any thing very far, or
of drawing more milk out of a cow than
another: u-Mxamli-lo unesakono kuno-Putu,
Mxamli is a better milker than Putu.
um-K6no, n. 6. The forearm from the elbow
to the wrist; the foreleg of an animal with
the shoulder; fig. the front wheels of a
wagon; the sleeves of a garment.
in-Kononkono, n. 3. A long thing, such as a
long mealie-cob or a long face.
in-Konqa, n. 3. A short-faced person with a
projecting forehead ; fern, inkonqazana.
ukuti-K6nqo, v. i. Of the ground, to become
hard from drought.
ukuti-K6nqoloIo, v. i. To have fits, convul-
sions.
um-K6nto, n. 6. A spear, assegai: lento ndiyi-
zuze ngomkonto may mean, I got this by
force of arms; or, I got this in exchange
for a spear ; fig. the money to be paid to a
doctor before he leaves his home, earnest
money, a pledge; ukubeka umkonto = uku-
Hloma usiba.
uku-K6ntoza, v. i. To speak incessantly.
uku-K6ntsa, v. t. To look thoroughly into a
matter; to examine in a court before a
judge.
in-Kontsoba, n. 3. That which is difficult,
impossible.
um-Kdntwana, «. l. The man who carries
the medicines of a doctor, = Em. i-Hlakani.
uku-K6ntya, v. i. To retire ; to seek seclusion.
in-Kontyiba, n. 3. A hiding-place among
rocks and stones.
in-Kontyo, n. 3. A deep hole, pit, cavity in
a rock; amanzi asenkontyweni, the water is
deep.
uku-Kdnxa, v. t. To fasten with a chain or
buckle ; to bind, fetter ; to drag the wheel
of a wagon.
i-K6nxa, «. 2. One who fastens with
chains; a jailer.
i-K6nxwa, n. 2. A prisoner.
in-Konxa, n. 3. Case or tin in which
preserves are kept ; fig. used contempt-
uously, a camp or encampment of soldiers
or loyals, who have no room, but are
pressed, narrowed in ; a place of safety,
refuge.
Phr. ukuzifaka enkonxeni, to put oneself
in a tin, i.e. to put oneself in a fix : lento
yokufuna ukucetyiswa ngumntu iisuke ubone
uzifake enkonxeni, by seeking
KO
advice, you will put yourself at last in a
box,
uku-K6nxeka, v. To become fastened,
kept back ; to be restrained ; to be tied to
a place as if by chains, not to leave a
place at all.
Konxo, adv. Fast: waltima konxo entloko
Hgamazinyo, he bit him in the head with his
teeth.
uku-Kdnya. i;. /. To bellow as a bull, neigh
as a stallion, roar as a male lion at break
of day ; fig. to be dissatisfied.
i-Kdnye, n. 2. Bellowing, roaring; fig.
dissatisfaction: ndinekdnye,! am dissatis-
fied.
um-Kdnyo, n. 6. A kind of grasshopper
which makes a loud shrill noise in
summer nights, like kdnyo! konyo!
uku-K6nyela, f. To neigh after.
in-Konyana, n. 3. See i-Nkonyana.
uku-K6nyuluka, v. i. To retch violently;
to make violent efforts to vomit.
in-KonyuIuko, n. 3. Vomiting,
uku-K'ONZA, V. t. Of councillors, to attend
at the chief's kraal but not to do such
menial service as milking. To serve:
ndiya kukdnza enkosini yatn, I am going to
serve my master; to work for reward and
livelihood.
um-K6nzi, n. i. ")
i-K6nza, n. 2. ]
zaiia, a female servant, a maid servant.
in-Konzo, n. 3. Service in general; a
religious service.
uku-K6nzana, v. To serve one another.
— K6nzela, v. To serve, attend for. Old
phr. : wondikdnzcla ktiye, do me a service
with him, i.e. give my regards, compli-
ments or greetings to him.
— K6nzelana, v. To serve for one
another.
— K6nzisa, v. To cause or make one to
serve ; to exact service from another.
— Kdnzisana, v. To serve each other.
uku-Kopa, V. i. To get squeamish; to clean
oneself of spittle.
u-K6pe, n. 5. The eyelash.-
ama-K6p6k6p6, 11. 2. pi. Changes.
i-K6poIo, n. 2. (a) An animal with horns
bent towards the front, (b) The brass
ring or armlet worn by Kafir women.
in-Kosana, n. 3. Dimin. of in-Kosi. A petty
prince or chief.
in-Kosazana, n. 3. (a) A chief's daughter,
a princess; a young lady. One of the
names for Queen Victoria ; cf. UmtHwana
omUe for the same.
194
A servant; i
i-konza-
KO
(b) Euphemistic term of respect for
Nocebcyi, the Donder-padde or Jan Blom, a
little frog that lives in the ground. Should
one of these frogs be turned up by the
hoers, it is carefully covered up again, lest
it be killed and rain come in consequence.
(c) Euphemistic term of respect for the
porcupine. It is so addressed that it may
not carry on depredations in the gardens.
in-Ko5i, n. 3. from uku-Koka, to lead. A
term denoting respect and authority, res-
tricted formerly to chiefs of royal blood.
Nowadays, when chiefs have lost their
authority, every man is inkosi. A husband,
when spoken of by his wife, is her inkosi.
The vocative nkosi! is equal to the English
Sir! E, nkosi! or the simple vocative nkosi!
is used either as the English "thanks," to
express gratitude to a giver by saying
uyinkosi, you are a lord, or it is used to
entreat another to show an act of kindness
or mercy by reminding him that he is a
lord ; vocat. pi. zinkosi ! Fem. inkosikazi, plur.
amakosikazi, a queen or chieftainess. Nowa-
days a husband calls his wife inkosikazi;
this was introduced by missionaries.
in-Kosi enkulu and in-Kosi encinane, n. 3.
The highest rooms or 'beds' in the girls
game, Notwayisi.
um-K6si, ". 6. A military force or army:
inkosi inomkosi omkiilu, the chief has a large
army. Phr. ukuhlaba umkdsi, to sound the
war-cry, to call out the army for war.
ubu-K6si, n. 7. Chieftainship, kingship
authority, rule, sway, reign.
i-K6sl, n. 2. The depressed part of the nape
of the neck: bamnikela ikosi, they turned
their back on him.
i-KoSTINA, n. 3. A chimney, fr. Du.
schoorsteen.
uku-K'OT'A, V. i. To lick with the tongue :
inja ikota isitya, the dog licks the dish. Phr.
wazikota inxeba, lit. he licked himself a
wound or he licked his wounds (it may
refer to a dog irritating a wound by licking
it) i.e. he caused himself pain; or uzidla
inxeba kwayena, he wounds himself. Akukd
qili linokiizikota, no one is so smart as to be
able to lick his back, i.e. a cunning man may
try to achieve something beyond his power;
ing' iyayikota, kanti iyayixatuia, he blesses
with the one hand and curses with the other;
koia mbola = qaba mbola ; inja ikota oyikotayo,
zhigaba mbini ziyakotana, i.e. he returns good
for good, friendship for friendship; 'one
hand washes the other'.
ko
in-Kota, n. 3. (a) Long dry grass for
thatching, (b) A species of snake.
isi-Kdta, n. 4. Grass grown long and ripe
in a place where it has not been burnt:
yisa inkotno esikoteni ziHute, bring the cattle
to the long grass, (which they can lick
into the mouth,) that they may be full ;
dry grass ; hay.
uku-K6tana, v. To lick each other ; hence,
to be on friendly terms.
— K6tela, v. To lick for, at or away ; to join
another in eating his food ; to touch the
pen when not able to sign one's name ; fig.
iikotela emazwini ake, she licks at his words,
i.e. takes from them only what she likes.
— K6telisa, v. To share with another, as
e.g. to sit down together to eat a portion
of food which is too small to be divided,
or to wash together with the same small
piece of soap.
— Kdtisa, v, To cause or ht Ip to lick.
uku K6tama, v. i. To stoop, bow down:
wakotama ukutata lento emhlabeni, he stooped
down to take up this thing from the ground
to hide ; to sit or lie down doing nothing
ukukotanta emsebenzini, to shirk work.
— K6tamela, v. To stoop, etc. before,
upon or towards ; fig. submit : kdtamela
endodeni yakd, humble yourself before
your husband.
— K6taniisa, v. To cause or make to bow
down ; to humble.
ukuti- Kdte, v. i. Of the mouth, to become
dry.
isi-KOTI, «. 4. A cartridge ; Du. schot, a shot.
isi-KOTlLE, n. 4. A scuttle, dish; Du. schotel.
isi-K6t6, n. 4. What remains of food after
a meal.
U-K6t6k6t6, n. 5. One who denies that he
can give food.
uku-K6t6za, v. t. To refuse food asked
for.
ukuti-K6tso, V. i. To be very small, scarcely
visible, v. t. To render difficult, make
impossible ; to hide.
u-Kotso, n. 5. The waistband of beads worn
by Reds.
jku-K6tuluIa, V. t. To n^ake loose, scrape
off with the finger: kotulula ukudla ohi-
tsheleyo embizeni, scrape the food loose
which is burnt to the pot ; to scrape out
the cornpit; to eat up wholly, leaving
nothing ; to brush off with the hand, e. g.
from a table.
195
KO
um-K6tuIuli, n. I. One who scrapes
everything out of the mealie-pit; one
that eats everything up, e.g. a swarm
of locusts.
in-Kotyeni, n. 3. The female Buff-streaked
Chat ; see isi-Xaxabesha.
uku-Kdva, v. i. (a) To sit on the haunches;
to squat, cower, (b) As aux. verb it
denotes that an action took place just
previously to some other occurrence spoken
of or referred to: safika zisakov' ukupuma
inkomo, we arrived just as the cattle had
gone out; lakukova ukupima ilanga, just
after the sun had risen.
isi-Kdva, n. 4. The barn owl, Strix flammea
maculata Brehtn ; also general name for an
owl.
um-Kovoti, «. 6. A thorny tree, Chaetachme
aristata Planch.
in Kovu, «. 3. The juice or remnants of a
cooked pumpkin; clear matter, serum.
um-K6vu, «. b. Vegetable soup, especially
that made from pumpkins.
i-Kdwa, «. 2. The St. George's or horse
mushroom, white on the under part, eaten
as a luxury by Kafirs.
in-Kowane, n. 3. Generic name for
medium-sized fungi; a toadstool, mush-
room.
i-Kowabo, ) n. 2. Their ^
i-Kowenu, > Your > family or tribal
i-Kowetu, ) Our )
connection, home, citizenship: abakowetii,
people belonging to our family or
tribe; amndoda akowabo, men belonging
to their tribe ; ilizwe lakowenu, the country
occupied by your tribe; ndiya koiveiu, I go
to our family connection ; lomfana ube nalo
ikowabo, this young man had a home.
i-KOYI, n. 3. A frame, or crib for storing
maize - i-Qonga ; bedstead, bed, fr. Du. kooi.
in-Koyi-yanko, n. 3. Great shouting;
pleasure, joy, merriment.
uku-K6zela, v. t. Tribal ; ~ uku-Kwezela.
u-K6zi, n. 5. A hawk; used generically for
the larger diurnal birds of prey.
um-Kdzi, n. I. Em. A term of politeness
used between parents-in-law.
ubu-K6zi, n. 7. Relationship by marriage.
u-K6zo, n. 5. A kernel, seed, bead, foetus :
ukozo hveliso, the eyeball ; fig. money, etc.,
taken as earnest to a doctor for consulta-
tion; also money earned by labour: ndipi
ukozo Iwam, give me my wages. Plur.
inkozo, the beads dropped at a sacrifice and
afterwards worn by the sick person for
whom the sacrifice was made.
KO
Phr. intomht ilukozo lomya, the girl is a
seed of wild hemp (which is jet black), i.e.
she is beautiful ; also applied to beautiful
things. Dimin. ukozwana.
ubu-K6zo, «. 7. The pith, heart, essence of
a thing.
Ku, I. (a) Pers. pron. obj. 2. p. sing, (where
however the k is really inserted to avoid
hiatus) : ndiyakudumisa, I praise thee.
(b) Pron. subj. of 8 cl.: ukutya kupdlile,
the food is cool.
(c) Pron. ebj. 8 cl. : kupolise ukutya, cool
the food.
(d) Copula and cause 8 cl. : kukutya, it is
the food; zityebile kukubtidla utyani, they
are fat from eating fodder.
2. Indefinite and impersonal pron. " it " :
kumnandi, it is pleasant ; kuko, it is present;
kusile, it is light; kuyahanjwa namhla,
there is a moving or walking to-day ; kU5^-
ntsimini, it is in the garden ; akukonto ukuba
akuko umoya, it does not matter as long as
there is no wind.
The impersonal form of the verb may be
used with any person for the sake of laying
special emphasis on the subject: kuteta
mna, it is I who am speaking ; kuhiliza tiina,
it is you who are idling; kufeketa bona, it is
they who are trifling.
3. Prep. From, to, in, at, with, among
(the meaning of the verb serving to show
whether motion to, motion from, or rest in
a place is denoted): ndize kuwe, I have
come to you ; tabata lento kuye, take this
thing from him ; hlala kwn, remain with
me ; nditembele kuye, I hope in him. When
joined to nouns it displaces the initial a :
tidateta kubantu, I spoke to the people;
becomes kw before e and /: ndahlala kw/-
nJlu yaki or kweyake indlu, I remained at
his house ; 7iditni kwelama-Xosa, I live in
Kafirland ; its vowel coalesces with 0 and u :
ndivela kuyise, I come from his father;
siyaya kobawo, we go to our fathers. It
remains ku before demonstratives com-
mencing with a consonant : iihleli kulendlu,
he lives in this house. It thus takes the
place of the locatives of such nouns.
4. As such prep, (a) it denotes com.
parison: ndimkulu kuye or kunayc, I an
great to him, compared with him, i.e. I am
greater than he ; unamandla kulo (ihashe),
he is stronger than it (the horse); bangaba-
tandi beziyolo kunokuba batande u-Tixo,
they are lovers of pleasures rather than
lovers of God.
m
(b) it is used with the possessive partiel^S
in a partitive sense : akubangakd nanyeyaku-
madoda, there was not one of the men
present ; omnye wakVLt\ akaseko, one of us is
no longer here ; {tabata kumbona-lowo, take
some of the maize, is of recent use, but not
idiomatic).
ukuti-Ku, V. t. To poke with a pole, etc.*
uttwe-ku lihlaba, lit. he is stuck with pain;
he has a stitch.
Kuba, conj. For; see ukuBH, I. B.
uku-K'UBA, V. t. To dig with a pick or hoe,
to plough ; fig. to offend, displease, annoy.
i-Kuba, n. 2. Em. Orig. an iron pick or
hoe the pointed end of which was put
through a wooden handle ; now it means
an ordinary Kafir hoe; a plough. Phr.
ikiiba litengwa ngokubonwa, a hoe is
bought on sight, i.e. seeing is believing.
in Kuba-bulongo, n. 3. Lit. one who
digs manure; a large beetle which
burrows and lives in manure.
isi-Kuba, n. 4. An old hoe or spade.
um-Kuba, n. 6. A strong stick or staff,
uku-Kilibela, v. To break up new ground;
to re-plough ground where the seed has
not come up properly.
um-Kubelo, n. 6. The breaking up of new
ground ; a piece of new ground so broken
up.
uku-Kikbelela, v. To break up ground
for : zikubeleleni umkubelo, break up your
fallow ground.
i-Kt!iba, n. 2. A good position or sheltered
place: uhleli ekiibeni, he is in a sheltered
place.
i-Kubalo, n. 2. Generic term for various
roots used as ornaments and charms,
which were tied up in a blanket or strung
up as a necklace, to ward off evil or secure
good; plur. ornaments, jewels. Ikubalo
lika-Mlanjcni, is the root of Pelargonium
pulverulentum Colv., which the false
prophet Umlanjeni in the war of 1850
persuaded the Kafirs simply to point
against the English to ward off their bullets.
Kube, aux. used in forming the compound
tenses, 8 cl. : ukutya kube kupekwa, (contrac.
bekupekwa), the food was or has been cook-
ing; ukufa kube kungayi kupila, death was
not going to end; see uku-Ba I. 2. (a).
uku-Kubeka, v. i. To push, strike, knock
against something: wakiibeka etyeni ngonya-
wo, he knocked his foot against a stone; to
stumble, so as to fall or nearly fall : ndiku-
bekile endleleni, I stumbled over something
KU
in the road; fig. to err, blunder; to slide
into an error or crime.
um-KiibekJ, n. I. One who stumbles.
uku-Kubekisa, v. pass, kuiyekiswa. To
cause to stumble, trip or fall by putting
something in the way; to obstruct; fig.
to give offence ; to obstruct in progress,
isi-Kikbekiso, «. 4. A stumbling-block.
in-Kubele, n. 3. One who is helpless, unfor-
tunate, unhappy, e.g. in losing all his
children : ndiyinkuhele, I am poor, helpless ;
I am an orphan; bayinkubele, they were
rendered helpless in being wounded; aku-
salanga nenkubele, not one was left, all
perished in the disaster.
uku-Kubesa, v, i. To eat in haste.
Kubi, adj. It is bad, see Bi,
Kubini, adv. Into two, see Bini.
in-Kubiso, «. 3. Hiccough.
uku-Kubula, v. t. (a) To replough ground
where the first crop has failed, = uku-Kiibela.
(b) To reproduce or repeat what one has
done or stated before: kiibula inteto yako,
repeat what you have been saying or what
you first said ; to review, (c) To cause to
peel off in cakes, as clay ground when
ploughed peels off and cleaves to the foot
of a person walking thereon.
— Kubusa, V. To commence or cause a
i?i\k; = vusa inteto; to question with
determination and stubbornness; to cross-
examine.
ukuti-Kucu, V. i. used as adv. Wholly,
entirely, altogether, without exception:
ndasela iyeza ndaliti-kiicu, I drank the
medicine to the last drop; bemkile abantu
batt-kiicu, the people all left together.
Kudala, adv. Of old ; see Data.
Kude, adj. It is far; adv. Far. conj. Till, to:
kude kube ngunapakade, to eternity ; see De.
Kudlwana, adj. dimin. of Kulii. Somewhat
large, middle-sized, applied e.g. to children
about ten years of age : bakudlwana kunaba,
they are a little bigger than those there.
adv. Kakudlwana, to a fair amount but not
too much.
um-Kudlwana, «. 6. A set or section of
young children of middle size or age.
Kufupi, adj. It is near; adv. Near; see Fupi.
uku-K'UHLA, V. t. To rub a skin with aloe
leaves to make it fibrous, soft; to rub
against : inkomo ziyazikuhla cmttni, the cattle
rub against the tree; to rub a hard place or
any painful part of the body : yikuhle kakulu
lendawo iqinileyo, rub this hard place well ;
= uku-Gudla.
. 6. The Cape Mahogany,
KU
isi-Kikhlane, «.4. ' ] Any indisposition,
um-Kuhlane, n. 6. i ^
common sickness: ndiza kulunguza umkii-
hlane, I am going to see the disease in a
person who is ill, i.e. to visit and enquire
for the sick person.
ama-Kuhlanguba, n. 2. pi. The roof of the
mouth; the palate.
Kuhle, adj. It is gentle, beautiful, nice, fine.
adv. Well, etc., see Hie.
ukuti-Kuhlu, V. t. To drop or flap: inkomo
yati-kuhlu iqeba, the cow flapped her
dewlap; to become angry.
um-Kuhlu,
um-Kuhlwa,
Trichilia emetica Vahl. ; a raw, unwrought
stick.
in-Kuk'amanzi, n. 3. The King reed-hen,
Porphyrio porphyrio (L.)
Kuk6, It is it; it is there, etc., see Ku, I. (d)
and Kd I, e.
u-Kuko, «. 5. A sleeping-mat; a bed. Phr.
ukiiko Iwabahambt oluzandlalayo, lit. a mat
for travellers which spreads itself, i.e. an
i-Dikazi.
in-Kuku, n. 3. A domestic fowl, a hen in
general; dimin. inkukwana, a young fowl.
The cry of the cock is variously rendered:
ndikmnbuV e-Nxuba, I come from the Fish
River; gxot' ama-Mfengu, drive out the
Fingos; ulahlekile, he is lost (with a
reference to the story of Peter) ; kauncazele
ntloyiya, give me tobacco, you chicken-
hawk (to which another cock responds:
yitsho kulou'o ngakuwe, ask it from that one
near you.) Phr. inkuku ziyalila, the fowls
are calling; (if the cocks call before mid-
night, the ground will be covered with dew
in the morning) ; tnhlaumbi akungeyiboni
inkuku apb izalela kbna amaqanda ayo, kodwa
ngenye intini iyakuza namantshontsho, one
may not see where the hen lays, but one
day she will come with her chickens: inkuku
yasikwa umlomo, the hen's mouth has been
cut, i.e. he has been made speechless, he is
in a fix.
Unyawo Iwenkuku 'the hen's foot ' is a child's
game played with string, so called from the
'hen's-foot' pattern which is formed with
the string.
in-Kukukazi, n. 3. A hen, as distinguished
from a cock.
isi-Kukukazi, «. 4. An old hen; dimin.
isikukwazana, a young hen, a pullet.
Kukuba, conj. intens. Kokokuba, By being,
by that : sisindiswa kukuba wasifelayo, we are
197
KU
saved by his dying for us ; cf. ngokuba under
uku-Ba, B.
uku-K'UKULA, v. i. To wash or sweep
away or along, as a river or storm in full
force, carrying all before it : amanzi akuku-
lile entsimtni, the water swept over the
garden.
in-Kukula, «. 3. A great number without
order, as of locusts, or the footsteps,
tracks of a flock of sheep, etc.
isi-Kukula, n. 4. A torrent or very strong
stream, sweeping all before it ; a freshet.
um-Kukula, «. 6. A stream in the road
or in a cattle-kraal, caused by rain.
uku-Kukulisa, v. To sweep, drive, carry
away by force, as a torrent: ama-
nzi akukulisile amaziviba entsimini, the
water swept away the Kafir-corn from
the garden; to take away clandestinely
that which belongs to another, e.g. by
mixing other people's cattle in a drove
and driving them away: wazikukulisa
inkotno zam nezaki, he drove my cattle
away with his own; fig. to cause to err;
to lead forcibly astray, away from the
path of rectitude; passive: to be help-
lessly carried away by the sudden rising
of a stream or flood.
— KukuUseka, v. To be carried awav by
a flood or press of people; fig. to be
carried away by evil influences or forces,
so as to lose self-control.
— Kukulisela, v. To lead away to.
Kukulukugu! interj. The cry of the cock:
Cock-a-doodle-doo I Cock-a-leerie-law!
uku-Kukumala, v. i. To rise, swell: ama-
zimba akiikumele embizeni, the Kafir-corn is
risen or swollen in the pot; to blow up,
dilate, expand: inyoka iyakukumala, xa
isukela umntu, the snake blows itself up,
when attacking a person; fig. to be inflated,
puffed up with pride, anger or passion:
ukukumele futt ngobiilumko bake, he is very
much puffed up on account of his wisdom ;
abakukumeleyo, the proud.
um-Kukumali, «. i. A proud man,
isi-Kukumali, «. 4. Arrogance.
uku-Kukumalela, v. To deal proudly
towards others.
— Kukumalisa, v. To cause to swell up;
to puff up; to make proud and conceited:
musan' ukuteta oku kuye, niya kumkukuma-
lisa, you must not say that to him, you
will make him proud.
— Kukutneza, v. Seldom iised; = Kuku-
malisa.
in-Kuk' umlanib6, «. 3. = in-Kuk' amanzi.
uku-Kukunyala, ) u l^^w ,
-Kukiinyeka, ] ^^^^^'^-Kukumala.
uku-Kukuza, v. t. To suck (fruit); to tear or
gnaw the flesh from a bone.
ubu-Kukuzo, «. 7. Sucking, tearing or
gnawing off.
in-Kukwana, w. 3. and isi-Kukwazana, n. 4.
See in-Kuku.
isi-KULA, M. 4. = isi-Kolo.
uku-K'ULA, V. i. To grow, grow up,
increase; to become great: umntwana uya-
kula, the child grows; inkonyana iseV ikulile,
the little calf is already grown to a certain
size. Phr. ukukula kukiibona izinto, growth is
experience.
u-Kula, n. 5. What grows by itself ; weeds
on cultivated land : intsimi inokula oluninzi,
there are many weeds in the field.
in-Kulanak6, n. 3, That which has taken
root, grown in ; which is firm in nature.
uku-Kulela, v. To grow up in a certain
place ; to grow up or become large for:
ukulele phtaf where were you brought
up ? ndikiilele pakatt kwenu, I have grown
up amongst you; indlu ibakiilele abantu,
the house is too big for the people;
lendawo imkiilele, the matter is too strong
for him; impi imkulele, the enemy was
too sore for him; uyazikulela, he grows
or improves for himself, for his own
benefit. In the passive it means to be
full: uselekulelwe, she was great with
child; ndikiilelwe ngumnqweno, I am
filled with or full of desire. •
— Kulelana. v. To grow up together.
in-KuIelane, ") ^ r\ \. y^
inKulelwane,] "' 3- 0"^ who has
grown up with another in the same
place or country; a countryman, citizen,
native.
uku-Kulisa, v. To cause to grow : imvula
ikulisa ukudla, the rain makes the corn
grow ; fig. to bring up or rear a child :
lomntwana ukuliswe ndim, this child was
brought up by me; to make great,
magnify, extol : balikulisa igama le-Nkosi,
they magnified the name of the Lord;
indoda yamkiilisa umfazi wayo kakulu, the
man extolled his wife very much.
— Kulisela, v. To increase for; to
magnify against: nizikiilisele ngam, ye
have magnified yourselves against me.
in-Kulati, n. 3. A strong, fearless man.
uku-Ktiileka, v. t. To tie fast a little calf in
the house by one foot until it has acquired
KU
a certain degree of strength : kuleka inko-
nyana, tie fast the calf; to tie up any
animal to a manger.
— Kulekela, v. To \.\e up ior : uyikulehele
ingwenya atnantombazana ako? wilt thou
bind the crocodile for thy maidens ?
— Kulekisa, v. To cause or help to tie
fast, etc.
Kuloko, conj. But, however; see Oko, 2.
¥Ax\\x,adj. Great, big, much, large: umntu
omkulu, a full-grown person or a great
person (in figure or in worth or in
respectability); isitya esikiilu, a large
vessel ; ngemali enkulu, for much money ;
amahashe amakulu, great horses; itilo leyo
inkiilu, this great thing ; into leyo enkulu
(long 't'). this thing which is great ; ndivile
ukuba zinkulu kwazo izinto ezimb't azenzileyo^
I have heard what great evil he did. adv.
Very, rather, much, more.
Kakulu, greatly, very ; indoda inkulu
kakulu, the man is very great.
Ikakulu, Mostly.
Ngokukulu, Very much ; kufuneka ngo-
kukulu. it is very necessary.
Kakulukazi, Very greatly: inkosi yaqu-
mba kakulukazi, the chief was very angry ;
{%&Q-kazi)
i-Kulu, n. 2. One hundred as an abstract
number: amakulu amabini, two hundred ;
iminyaka elikulu, a hundred years.
adv. kalikulu, a hundred times.
in-Kuiu, n. 3. The great one, i.e. the
greatest in rank, hence, the eldest son.
isi-Kulu, «. 4. The great, respectable,
honourable man of rank or nobility:
isikulu sezikulu, the greatest of the great.
u-Kulu, n. 5. The great; the many.
ubu-Kulu, «. 7. Greatness, largeness, bulk,
size, quantity, amount, extent; highness,
honour, nobility, excellency : ubukulu
bobukumkani bake, the greatness of his
kingdom; lento ibukiilura, this thing is
moderately great; dimin. ubuktilwana,
a lower status of greatness, etc.
in Kuluko, n. 3. A species of white beads.
uku-Kulukuta, v. i. To be useless though
great, or on account of one's greatness ; to
go sideways, e.g. not to bore straight but
to one side : fig. to speak without
producing any impression; to deviate from
a straight course.
uku-Kulula, V. t. To loosen, untie, unhar-
ness ; to free from restraint : kulula ihashe,
untie or offsaddle the horse; to unfasten
one's garments, to undress ; fig. to release
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from bondage, give liberty to one in
captivity, hence, to deliver from, redeem,
save: sakululwa esonweni, or etyaleni, we
were delivered from sin, or from guilt.
um-Kululi, n. I. Deliverer, redeemer ; one
who gives liberty to another.
in-KuIulo, n. 3. ^
isi-Kululo, n. 4. V Deliverance from bond-
u-Kuiulo, n. 5. )
age, restoration to liberty, emancipation.
uku-KuluIana, v. To relieve one another :
ndakululana nonyana watn, I was relieved
by, i.e. succeeded by my son.
— Kululeka, v. To become loose, free,
liberated, etc. : intambo ikululekile, the
thong has become loose ; ndingumntu
okululekileyo, I am a freed, redeemed man.
in-Kululeko, n. 3. The state of being
delivered; deliverance.
uku-Kululekisa, v. To cause to become
free ; to release.
— Kululela,!;. To deliverup (a prisoner) to.
uku-Kuluma, v. t. In Zulu, to speak the
high court dialect ; in Kafir. HI. for to
speak. Neg. to be surprised, astonished:
andikulumi yilonto, I am dumb with
astonishment at that thing.
isi-Kulumo,n. 4.\
u-Kulumo, «. 5. 3
the Zulus; manner of speaking.
uku-KuIumeka, v. kuba kube kunga ktdu-
meki kunene kuye, for it was very sur-
prising to him.
uku-KtJilumba, v. i. To leave or commit a
thing, etc., to the pleasure of another.
in-KuIunde, n. 3. A giant.
uku-Kulunga, v. t. Em. To scrape with the
finger and lick off ; = Gulula.
um-Kulunga, «. 6. The short-tailed wood
hoopoe, Irrisor erythrorynchos viridis
(Lichi.J ; = in-Tlek' abafazi.
uku-Kuluta, V. t. To polish, adorn ; to clean
a window ; uyasikt'lnta, he dresses himself
finely.
i-KULUTSI, n. 2. Recruit, immigrant ; from
Du. rekruut.
um Kuluwa, )
um Kuluwe, j
brother.
um-Kuluwakazi,
wife.
um-Kulvv'ana, «.
authority.
in-KUMK'UM, h. 3.
The eldest or an elder
. I. The eldest brother's
I. A person of some
Anything of a brittle
or friable nature, such as shale ; used as adj.
Brittle, fragile: into enkumkum, a brittle
thing.
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isi-Kumkum, n. 4. A simpleton.
uku-Kuma, v. t. To eat dry bread without
tea or amasi; to eat dry sugar: u-Nobi
ubcyikum' iswckilc, Nobi was stealing and
eating the sugar; to gnaw or bite off
meat from bones ; cf. uku-Guma.
um-Kuma, «. 6. A vegetable, such as
potatoes or an occasional pumpkin,
which is dry and mealy when cooked.
uku-Kumatela, v. i. To bite close with
the teeth; to stick close to an object
bitten without leaving it.
in-Kumenkume, w. 3. A crumbling stone;
used as adj. Brittle, fragile.
uku-Kumeka, v. To be gnawed off; to be
broken to pieces.
— Kumka, v. Of a tooth, to become
loose; to lose one's teeth: iimntwana
ukumkile, the child has lost his teeth.
— Kumla, V. pass, kunyuhva. (a) To
remove, extract, or knock out teeth, (b)
To remove a calf from the udder when
sucking; (seldom used of weaning
children ; see uku-Lumla.)
— Kutnlana, v. To relieve each other.
— Kumleka, v. To become loose, as a
stone on a steep hillside, and fall away
from : ilitye likiimlekile, the stone has got
loose.
— Kumlela, v. To wean from the udder
(ebeleni).
— Kumza. v. Of calves, to suck.
um-Kumaia, n. 6. Thornbush.
in-KUMANDA, n. 3. A large camp; a village;
a very great multitude ; fr. Du. kommando.
ukuti-Kumanqa, v. i. To be amazed, filled
with wonder ; cf. tikuti-Nqa.
uku-Kumatela, v. See under in-Kumkum
above.
in-Kumba, «. 3. A snail.
isi-Kumbd, n. 4. Formerly used for the
skin or hide of a large animal (horse or ox)
as n-Gaga for that of a small one (sheep or
goat), but now used for any hide; fig.
parchment, certificate.
in-Kumbankwane, «. 3. A great number.
uku-Kumbaza, v. t. To break down (a wall).
Kumbi, adj. It is another, of a different
kind; see Mbi.
i-Kumbi, n. 2. A hollow place at the side
of a mountain ; a ridge covered with grass
near a forest.
in-Kumbi, n. 3. Generic term for locust.
um-Kutnbi, n. 6. A wooden trough, a
manger; — um-Kdmbe. Also used for the
dock, the prisoner's box in court.
200
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uku-K'UMB'ULA, v. t. pass, kiinjuhua. To
call to memory, recollect, remember : /lii-
kumbule, Nkosi, xa ute weza usebukumkaninl
bako, remember me, Lord, when thou
comest in thy kingdom; ndisakumbula
ukutdta ku)akd, I still remember thy speech ;
kwakunjulwa incebd ydkot thy kindness wag
remembered; ahihikiimbilli-na ukwgtina kwd'
ko? do you not think of, i.e. consider, your
conduct ? ukumbule pi t where do you think
of going to? nali iliswe akumbMa kulo,
this is the land he thinks of going to ; ndi'
kitmbuV ekaya, I am homesick; wakiimbiila
kiiye or esiqivini, he went for him, i.e. he
attacked him.
um-Kumbuii, «. I. One who remembers.
in-Kumbulo, n. 3. Remembrance, mem-
ory ; idea, thought.
isi-Kumbulo, n. 4. (a) The act of re-
collecting, remembering, thinking, (b)
Anything remembered ; a sign of remem-
brance, keepsake.
um-Kumbulo, n. 6. Remembrance: siya-
wugcina umkumbulo wake, we preserve a
remembrance of him, i.e. we remember
him very well.
uku-Kumbulana, v. To recollect, re-
member one another; to attack one
another.
— Kumbuleka, v. To be remembered.
— Kumbulela, v. To imagine, think
about, call to remembrance a certain
thing or event: bakumbulela okubi kodwa,
they think about nothing but evil ; kumbu-
lelani oku, fix your thoughts on this;
uyazikumbulela, he thinks of himself.
in-Kumbulela, n. 3. Reflection, medita-
tion.
uku-Kumbuza, v. pass, kunjuzwa. To
bring to remembrance, to remind: nda-
mkumbuza amazwi aki, I reminded him of
his words; ndakunjuzwa ngawo, I was
reminded of them (words).
um-Kumbuzi, n. I. A remembrancer, re-
corder.
in-Kumbuzo, n. 3. Remembrance, thought,
idea.
isi-Kumbuzo, w. 4. A memento, keepsake,
memorial : isikumbuzo sika-Ntsikana, Ntsi-
kana's day.
uku-Kumbuzana, v. To remind each
other of; to assist each other's memory,
— Kumbuzela, v. To make remembrance
ot; to commemorate: kwenzwa oku kube
kukukunjuzelwa kwake, this is done for a,
commemoration of him,
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isi-Kumbuziso, «. 4- A remembrance,
memorial, souvenir.
in-Kumbulakashe, «. 3- Em. A great
number.
in-Kume, and in-Kumi, n. 3. A centipede.
in-Kumenkume, «. 3. A crumbling stone ;
used as adj. Brittle, fragile; see in-Kumkum
above.
uku-Kumeze!a, v. i. To rain softly, to
drizzle.
um-Kumezeio, n. 6, A soft, drizzling
rain.
um-Kumiso. n. 6. A kind of plant.
uku-Kumka, v. See under in-Kumkum above.
u-Kumkani, «. I.] ^ j^j^g prince. Fem.
i-Kumkani, ti. 2. j
ukumkanikazi, a queen.
isi-Kumkani, n. 4. and ubu-Kumkani, n. 7.
A kingdom ; kingship, dominion.
uku-Kumla, v. See under in-Kumkum above.
in-Kumnya, n. 3. That which is toothless,
uku-Kumsha, v. t. pass, kunyushwa. To
repeat to another person what has been
said, as a councillor repeats the words of a
complainant to his chief, and the words
of his chief to the complainant; to speak
in a language not understood or unintel-
ligible, or in a foreign language; hence to
interpret; to show a certain degree of
civilisation by not painting the body, etc.
Phr. tihdumsha nenkabi, to talk to the
oxen, i.e. to shout their names one after
the other, as some wagon-drivers do.
um Kikmshi, «. i. and i-Kumsha, n. 3 A
good speaker of English. Applied to
town natives by the natives of the
country, meaning a cunning man.
uku-Kumshela, v. To speak for another. I
uku-Kumza, v. i. Of calves, to suck; see |
under in-Kumkum. \
um-Kuna, n. 6. The curdled milk which j
sticks on the calabash.
uku-Kundla, v. i. To sit or lie on the isi-
Kundla.
in-Kundla, n. 3. The clean, well trodden
place before a cattle fold, where coun-
cillors gather to judge; hence used for
High Court ; an even, open place ; a yard.
Dimin. inkudlwana.
isi-KundIa, n. 4. The impression on the
ground or among the grass where a
person has been lying : akanasikundla, he
is a restless roving fellow ; the form or
lair of an animal ; fig. a vacant place^
office or situation, occupied by a person
habitually : uttyana usesikundleni soyisc,
AA 201
KU
the son occupies the position of his
father. Instead : usesikundleni sum, he is
in my place, instead of me; kwabekwa
omnye esikiindleni sake, another has been
appointed in his place.
u-KundIa, n. 5. Mark, token, sign.
ukuti-Kiindululu, v. i. To sufifer from itch or
pimples.
Kunene, adv. Very, very much, strongly,
exactly (a kind of superlative) ; see i-Nene.
Kunga, I. V. pref. of Potent, mood, (a) 8 cL:
ukudla kiingadliwa, the food may be eaten;
(b) used indefinitely : kungabako, it may be
there.
2. Pres. tense of uku-Nga (a) and {b).
3. Aux. of condit. mood: kungakvtanda,
it would love ; see Kunge 2.
4. Neg. verb. pref. 8 cl. (a) in dependent
sentences: kangela ukutya ukuze kungapalali,
look to the food that it may not get spilt;
(b) in relat. sentences : ukona okungaxolelwa-
nga, sinning which has not been forgiven ;
(c) of condit. mood: ukufa (ku) ngeku-
ngafiki, death would not arrive. Before ka,
ko, and na, kunga becomes kunge: ungadli
ukudla kttngekapekwa kakuhle, do not eat
the food before it is properly cooked;
kungeko mntu, there is no man present;
wandibeta kungeko nto, he beat me without
cause ; ukukonza okunge namvuzo, serving
without remuneration.
uku-K'UNGA, V. t. (a) Orig. To call on,
invoke, implore the spirits of departed an-
cestors ; to join in prayer ; to pray, beseech,
worship, (b) To join through affection:
to associate with: abantu bakunge lomfazi,
the people like to stay, associate with this
woman.
in Kungo, «. 3. ]
isi-Kutigo, n. 4.]
Prayer, worship.
isi-Kungu, n. 4. The place where hunts-
men assemble before and after the hunt,
a rendezvous; a company, an assembly:
indlu yesikwigu, a synagogue ; the Lord's
prayer: biz' isikungu, say the Lord's
prayer.
uku-Kungeka, v. To be entreated.
— Kungela, v. To entreat for another; to
meet, assemble for prayer or worship in
a certain place; fig. to do anything
unitedly : bamkungela ngeminquma, they
all fell upon him with their sticks, attack-
ed him together.
— Kungeleka, v. To be entreated; to be
propitious towards; to relent in the
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infliction of punishment in consequence
of intercession.
Kungaba, and Kungabi, It seems as if, it
may be so, etc., see uku-Ba I. A.
Kungasenini, contrac. Kungaseni, adv.
Long afterwards.
Kungati, Probably, etc., see uku-Ti.
Kunge, I. Ncg. verb. pref. (a) of Potent,
mood, 8 cL: ttkudla kuTigedliwa, (contrac.
from akuiigedlhva,) the food may not be
eaten; (b) indefinite: huigengako uhitauda
kwam, it is not according to my will.
2. Aux. of condit. mood. : kunge (kunga)
kudliwa, it should or would be eaten.
in-Kungu, n. 3. Mist, fog. Phr. isijatna
vkungwini, lit. one who stares at the mist,
used as a term of reproach when one man
stares at another to overawe him and the
other defies him; yinkungu nelanga, (lit.
the mist and the sun are together,) denotes
a great number.
ubu Kungu, (tribal ubun-Kungu), «, 7.
Mistiness; darkness, blindness.
um- Kungu, n. 6. Fine, misty, rain : litefatsha
7igomkungu, the sky was drizzling.
uku Kungwangcaza, v. i. To hasten to
meet the enemy.
isi-Kuni, ji. 4. A firebrand.
u-Kuni, ti. 5. A single piece of firewood, a
log : ndinike ukiini, give me a piece of wood ;
wood in general : loniti unenkuni, this tree
contains a good deal of wood; used as adj.
hard, difficult: into ehikuni, a hard or diffi
cult thing; kuliikuni nkulima, it is difficult
to plough; fig. unfeeling: intliziyo yake ilu-
kuni, his heart is hard, i.e. not easily moved
by pity, etc.; umntu olitkuni, a hard, severe,
stubborn person; of animals: enduring,
not easily tired; tough, unyielding.
Kalukuni, adv. Strictly, sternly.
ubu-Kuni, ubu-lu-Kuni, ubun-Kuni, n. 7.
Hardness.
uku-Kunka, v. t. To cut a long thing in
pieces.
i-Kunka, n. 2. A very old man who has out-
lived all the friends of his youth; a very
old thing: ikunkakazi, a very old woman.
ukutl-Kunke, v. i. To strike (a knife) against
a stone so that it breaks off.
uku-Kunkula, v. t. To carry everything off
or away ; cf. uku-Kukula.
in-Kunkuma, n. 3. Sweepings, rubbish.
uku-Kunkuta, 'v. t. To punish by corporal
chastisement, beat severely one who is
lying down ; cf. iiku-Gunguta and see n-Dwa-
mba.
202
KU
in-Kunkuti, n. 3. A species of woodpecker.
uku-Kiinkutana, v. To beat each other
severely; fig. to vex, try severely the
temper of each other by argument or
contention : besikunkutana namhla ngokutkh
ityala, we tried or vexed each other to-
day in a law case.
uku-Kunkuteka, v. i. To smile, smirk; to
laugh in one's sleeve.
in-Kunkutela, n. 3. used an adj. Omnipotent.
Kunokuba, conj. Rather; see Ku, 4. and
Nokuba (c) under uku-Ba, I. B.
uku-Kunqa, v. i. To scent, smell, get an
inkling of.
— Kunqisa, v. To cause to scent.
in-Kunqele, ». 3. An expert; one skilful in
anything, especially in speaking.
adj. Energetic, skilful, able, clever,
dexterous, eager for something.
ubun-Kunqele, «. 7. Experience, skill:
etwbunkunqele ekwetizeni nasekutethii, being
mighty in deed and word.
in-Kuntsi, = in-Gontsi.
uku-Kuntya, v. i. To be dissatisfied, dis-
contented; to cry, weep aloud.
ukuti-Kunu, v. t. To cut off the point of a
thing.
u-Kunu, n. l. = utn-Luttgu.
ukuti-Kunubembe, v. i. To have a sullen
appearance, a sour face; to be cast down
from disappointment.
uku-Kunyalala, v. i. To rise, (said of meat
when in cooking it raises the pot-lid); fig.
to increase in strength; to get courage; to
be displeased, making no answer.
Kunye, adv. Together; see Nye, 3.
um-Kunye, n. 6. Milettia sutherlandi Harv.,
stated by Sim to be one of the largest,
most abundant and most useless trees in
the Egossa forest, its only known haunt
in Cape Colony.
um-Kunyu, n. 6. Mucus from the nostrils.
in-Kunzana, w. 3. Dimin. of in-Kunzi.
in-Kunzane, «. 3. Em. in-Kunzana, Lit.
little bull. Two species of plants, Tribulus
terrestris L., and Emex spinosa Camp, share
this name. Both have their seeds enclosed
in thorny capsules, which lie in such a
position that they always have a thorn
pointing upwards; Dutch, angels or duivel-
tjes doom. Used medicinally for stomach
disorders and thread worms in horses.
in-Kunzi, n, 3. A bull; a male of other live
stock, game, fowls: inkunzi yehashe, a
stallion; inkunzi yegusha, a ram; inkunzi
yenkuku, a domestic cock; fig. formerly an
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honourable term applied to a chief only, Kupela, adj. Only; see ukw
but at present to other men who are re-
nowned for their power, strength, wealth.
Dimin. inkunzana, a small bull ; any half-
grown male animal; also applied to the
spanner that used to be sold with Cape
ploughs, because it stood up like the horns
of a young bull on the beam of the plough.
ubun-Kunzi, n. 7. State of a bull; bull nature;
bull kind or quality.
uku-K'UP'A, V. t. pass, kutshwa. To take,
bring, put or throw out: kupa amatizi esi-
tyeni, throw the water out of the vessel;
namhla lempahla yakutshwa nguye ngokwake,
to-day he gave out the thing of his own
accord; to draw out, extract: walikupa
izinyo, he drew out the tooth; wakiitshwa
ebandleni, he was cast out from the con-
gregation, i.e. he was excommunicated; to
send a representative (e.g. to parliament) ;
to give lobola cattle : iikupe nto-nina ? how
many cattle has he given ? to surpass, excel :
lenja iyakupa ezitiye, this dog surpasses
others. Phr. umntwana uyandikiipa, the
child is beyond me, is disobedient ; wakiipa
onke (amandla), or wazikupa umoya, he
strained every nerve; fig. to vomit. Phr.
mus' itkuzikupa inyongo, do not vent secrets,
esp. to strangers; wamkupa ngentonga, he
thrashed him. See uku-Kapa.
n. 8. The flowing out of water at a birth.
Em. To pay : mandikupe nlo-ni ? what must
I pay?
um-Kupi, n. I. One who brings out, etc.
i-Kupa, n. 2. Superfluity, overflow, riches:
ikiipa lemali, a lot of money.
um-Kupa, n. 6. A mixture of maize and
beans; porridge cooked till almost all the
water dries up; fig. bread.
uku-Kup^la, V. To throw out for; to empty
into; pay for: lomhlaba waukiitshelwe
xabiso lininaf how much was paid for this
land?
— Kupisa, V. To help or cause to throw
out or vomit; to crowd out, dispossess,
remove : indlu ikupisile, the people of the
house do not understand each other, are
at strife ; intomhi ikupisile, the girl is dis-
obedient.
in-Kupisa, n. 3. A notorious person: in-
kiipisa yesela, a notorious thief.
uku-Kupisana, v. To outbid each other in
ikazi.
— Kupisela, v. To surpass, excel.
uku-Kupazeka, v. i. To be overcome by
sleep ; to slumber.
Kupina, interrog. pron. Where is it ? see PJ«fl.
ukuti-K'UP'U, V. t.-^nhi-Kupiilula; v. t.=
ukuti-KupuMu.
i-Kupu, n. 2. An eruption of many little
pimples on the forehead or on the face.
uku-Kupuka, v. i. Of an eruption, to
come out on the body; used reproachfully,
= uku-Suka : kiipuka ! clear out ! begone !
— Kupula, V. Of a nettle, etc. to cause an
eruption on the body.
— Kupuluka, V. i. = iikuti-KupuluIu.
— Kupulula, V. t. To bring or clear out
scraped particles; throw out any sub-
stance (scrapings) with a jerk : yikupulule
intlanzi emanzitn, throw the fish out of
the water ; to throw out earth by scraping,
as a dog; to bring to view what is hidden
in a hole or hiding place; to throw the
hidden things out of a house; fig. sayi-
ktipiilula inyamakazi ehlatini, we caused
the game to spring forth from the
thicket; also used of speaking, to bring
out everything, leaving nothing unsaid.
ukuti-KupuluIu, V. i. To get up at once
on being wakened; to rise, come forth,
jump up suddenly from lying down or
from a hiding place : saku^ka eldaihii yatt-
kupululu ingwe, when we arrived at the
thicket, suddenly a leopard sprang out;
of a skin-eruption, to break out on the
forehead.
— Kupupu, v.^ukiiti-Kupululu.
Kuqala, adv. First; see uku-Qala.
ukuti-Kuru, v. i. To be angrJ^
uku-K'USA, V. i. To screen from (rain or
wind) ; to shelter ; fig. to protect from
violence ; to keep safe.
i-Kusi, M. 2. A screen of wickerwork,
fixed or movable, placed inside the
entrance to a Kafir-hut to keep out the
draught ; partition ; fig. shelter, protection.
um-Kusane, 7i. 6. A screen, partition; fig.
cloak, pretence, pretext: asizajiga sibe
7iamkusnne wokubawa, we were never
found using a cloak of covetousness.
uku-Kusela, v. To draw a curtain before
anything; to shelter, screen from (the
wind or rain) ; to protect by hiding
behind a curtain or partition in a house ;
to shield from danger: watidikiisela engo-
zini or kwingozi, he protected me from
accident or danger.
um-Kuseli, n. I. A protector.
i-Kuselo, «. 2. \
isi-Kiiselo, w. 4. J
A screen, curtain,
203
KU
which shelters or hides from view ; fig.
an excuse : ngoku abunasikiiselo sesono sabo,
now they have no excuse for their sin.
Kusasa, adv. Early; see tikn-Sa.
Kuseloko and Kuselokoko, conj. From the
time that ; see Oko, 3.
Kusini-na, interrog. pron. Which .' or ? see
Sini-na.
Kusoloko, adv. See Oko, 4.
i-Kuta, «. 2. The parings from an animal's
skin ; a crust of bread ; boiled meat which
has been afterwards dried.
uku-K'UT'ALA, v. i. perf. kutele. To be
active, busy, diligent, industrious, zealous,
energetic, assiduous in^any work or under-
taking: isicaka esikutelcyo, an industrious
servant.
«. 8. Industry.
um-Kutali //. I. and isi-Kutali, ;/. 4. A
careful, diligent, industrious, sedulous
person.
'::^S^^::t ] Industry, a.,e„,io„.o
duty.
ubu-Kutali, «. 7. Industry, diligence,
assiduity in performing any enterprise.
uku-Kutalela, v. To be eager for, to
strive diligently for.
— Kutalisa, v. To stir up to diligence,
etc. ; to make industrious.
— Kutaza, v. To animate, encourage
excite, rouse.
in-Kutazo, //. 3. Encouragement.
uku-Kutazeka, v. To be stirred up to
activity: bakutazcka ngokukutazeka eku-
Iweni, they waxed valiant in fight.
— Kutazela, v. To encourage for: ilizwi
lake alindikutazeli kaba ndikohve, his word
gives me no encouragement to believe.
Kutanzi, adv. Em. Two days before yester-
day.
KutI, -)
Kutiwa, f
Kute-ni ? C
Kuteka-nina? )
i-Kutshu, n. 2. A kaross or small garment
made of leopard skins.
in-KUT'U, «. 3. The thin external covering
of plants; the thin pellucid membrane
covering the pith of trees, v.hi.h Lc/ore
it becomes this membrane, is often secreted
as sap ; hence applied also to the cuticle or
external skin of the human body ; offscour-
ing, refuse.
ukutl-Kutukutu, v. i. To be bruised.
See nkn-T't.
KU
uku-Kutula, and uku-Kutuza, v. t. To
abrade the outer skin or cuticle of any
part of the body, by rubbing, beating Or
coming into collision with an object:
iiiqwelo imkiitule, the wagon has hurt him
a little, i.e. taken off a piece of skin by
passing over him; to remove hair from
an animal ; to remove grass from a path
with a spade.
uku-Kutuka, v. Of the skin, to be abraded
from rubbing, kicking, beating: ukutukile
emlenzeni, his leg is slightly abraded ; of the
hair of an animal, to fall off: kukutukile
uboya kulenkomo, the hair has fallen off
from this animal; to be bald or bare;
of a blanket, to become threadbare;
of a coin, to be so worn down through
use as to lose its inscription: letiki ikutu-
kile, this threepenny-bit is worn.
um-Kutuka, ;/. 6. That which has had its
surface covering rubbed off, as a blanket
that has lost its fluff, a garden without
crops, a hillside without grass, a head
without hair: intaba ifngu) mkiituka, the
mountain is bare ; used as adj. ezintabeni
ezimkutuka, on the bare mountains.
uku-Kutuza, v.=2ikaKulula.
uku-Kiitywa, v. i. To hiccough.
uku-Kuxa, V. t. (tribal). To peel, etc., = «;&«-
Guxa.
uku-K'UZA, V. t. (a) To express sympathetic
surprise at any occurrence ; hence, to cry
out, exclaim from astonishment or sym-
pathy; to express condolence with another
by uttering a suppressed groan au! on
entering the house of a sick person; to
speak words of comfort: abantn beze hum-
kiiza, the people came to console him.
(b) To murmur, by uttering a sarcastic
groan or a complaining exclamation (hoyi!
or oyi!) in the presence of a chief, when
any case has been adjudicated on by him.
This is considered a high offence, a con-
tempt of court, and is very severely
punished.
(c) To pv2iis,Q; = uku-Ncoma: asinto eku-
zwayo, it is not to be praised.
um-Kuzi, n. I. One who goes to condole
or sympathise with a bereaved family.
isi-Kuzo, H. 4. A loud cry, outcry.
u-Kuzo, n. 5. Consolation.
ubu-Kuzo, n. 7. A sickness of cattle
caused by their eating some unhealthy
bush and shewn by the yellowness of
their skin.
KuzQ, conj. That ; see «^H-Zfl.
kW
Kwa, I. Prep. Used before proper nouns in
the sense o! " at the place of " or " in the
tribe of": ndivela kwa-Pato, I come from
Pato's place, (to be distinguished from ndi-
vela kn-Pato, I come from the person Pato);
umfana wakwaw/, a young man of my
place, (whereas umfana want means, my
young man).
2. Poss. particle; (a) 8 cl.: ukulya kwa.7W-
simi, the food of the gardens; iikutanda
kwa;«, my will; (b) used with locatives
to express the source or origin: uhutya
liwasemasmim, food from the garden;
indefinite : ndatandwa kw&sepakadeni, I was
loved from eternity, (c) After Prep.:
pambi kwa^^, before him ; emva k.wendlu =
kyva-indlii, behind the house; pezu ko-
mlambd, = 'k'wa-umlambd, above the river;
(w before nouns of I. 5 and 6 classes is
elided.)
3. adv. Very, even, just, indeed, likewise,
used in repetitions: ^w^«2/wfl k.wangaloniini,
it was done on that very, i.e. the same day
kukwanjalo, it is even so ; ikwayiyo, it ii
the very same; tikw anguye lomntti ubelapa
kusasa, he is the very same person, who
was here this morning; ky/¥a, just he;
k-wakona, in the same place, once more,
again; ndikwatsho, I say just so; kyv&bona
nabantwana habo, even they and their child-
ren ; k^anabantu, together with the people ;
kwapezulu, just above; kwakaloku, kwa-
ngoku, just now, this moment.
4. verb. pref. of conj. past 8 cl.: nkuiya
kwapekwa, kwadliwa, the food was cooked
and eaten.
Kwa, Pron. subj. of indie, past of 8 cl.: ttkntya
kwapekwa, the food was cooked; (b) the
impersonal form of the same tense : kwa-
ko, there was; kwa^^a inkomo, there arrived
cattle ; kwasekuqaleni, it was in, or from,
the beginning.
Kwa ! interjec. of praise.
ukuti-Kwa, v. t. To tie up; to carry on the
back.
um-Kwa, n. 6, Custom usage, habit. The
pi. imikwa, is generally used: imikwa yemi
mibi, your customs are bad. Phr. yenza
umkwa, do the usual, choose the one among
us whom you like ; (an evil salutation of
girls, when meeting a young man ; cf. ukw-
Enzisa).
isi-Kwa, n. 4. Habit, manner, usage, fashion:
isikwa sllima, a thing that looks nice, but
still has a spot or blemish in it: isikwa sofn-
lotno, a bad, bitter taste in the mouth.
A man who has lost his
2. The African rook,
capensis (Licht.). Tribal,
i-Kwaba, n. 2.
character.
i-Kwababa, n.
Heterocorax
= u-Nomyayi.
isi-Kwabakazi, n. 4. An old widow; an
old unmarried woman.
in-Kwabalala, n. 3. People without a chief;
orphans.
ubu-Kwabasa, n. 7. Stealth, used adv.: weza
bukwabasa, he came stealthily, clandestinely,
and slowly; wamdla bnkivabasa, he fined or
punished him while pretending to let him
off.
uku-Kwabasha, r. t. To press anything to
the person by folding the hands, arms, etc.,
over it, as if to secure or hide it : wayikwa-
basha ekwapeni, he concealed it under his
armpit; way' ehleli, izandla czikwabashile,
he sat with his arms folded together.
ama-Kwibe, 11.2. pi. Tobacco leaves pluck-
ed off dry from the plant.
Kwabo, Poss. pron. (a) I. cl. pi. ref. to 8 cl.
Their: ukukdlwa kwabo (abantu), their
(people's) believing; (b) 7. cl. ref. to 8 cl.
Its : ukufika kwabo (ubukumkani), its (the
kingdom's) coming.
uku-Kwabusha, v. i. To fold the hands; to
be slow, indolent, slothful. See uku-Kwa-
basha.
uku-Kwacaza, v. i. To hasten to meet the
enemy.
ukuti-KwahIa, v. i. Used of kraal-bushes, to
be dry ; of land, to be bare, uninhabitable.
u-Kwahlamba, w. 5. Dryness, aridity,
barrenness, leanness: itafa lilukwahlamba,
the plain is barren ; inkomo ziziiikwahlamba,
the cattle are lean, lank.
uku-Kwahlaza, v. t. Tribal. To glean,
= uku-Kahlaza.
Kwakamsinya, adv. ; see Kwa 3 and Msinya,
Kwake, Poss pron. 3 p. sing. ref. to 8 cl. His:
ukutya kwake, his food.
Kwak6, Poss. pron. (a) 2 p. sing. ref. to 8 cL
Thy : ukutanda hwako, thy will, (b) 8 cl. ref. to
8 cl. Its: ukutya nokupekwa kwako bekukubi,
the food and its cooking was bad.
Kwakokukona, and Kwak6na, conj.; see
Kwa 3 and Kona.
Kwaku, (a) aux. contrac. from kwaye hi,
8. cl.: kwakutanda, it was loving, (b) Temp,
conjunctive: kwahifika, when there arrived;
kwakuba lixesha or kwakuba ngujnzuzu, after
a while or time.
Kwakubeni, conj. Though; see ukn-Ba, I. B,
Kwakudala, adv. Of old; see Dala.
in-Kwakwa, tt. 3. A very long, venomous
species of brown snake, commonly called
the cobra.
i-KWAKWiNi, /;. 2. The domestic turkey, Du.
kalkoen. The hen calls: bap't abantu balomzi?
where are the people of this place ? and the
cock replies: bemkile kusele iihwrnivu, gone,
only the remnants i.e. the children, are left.
in-Kwali, n. 3. (a) The southern Red-necked
pheasant, Pternistes nudicoUis (Bodd.J. (b)
The outer edge of the hand and foot : tola
inkwali, clean the hand and foot by
rubbing them on a stone. Phr. uikwali
yambesa, a covering of the footsole, i.e. a
sham, a subterfuge.
isi-Kwali, «. 4. A blue flower blossoming in
January.
i-Kwalihobe, n. 2. The Red-eyed Turtle-
dove, Turtur semitorquatus Riipp.
u-Kwali-manzi, n. l. The Black-headed
heron, Ardea melanocephala Vig. atid
Childr. Other species may be loosely
referred to under this name.
Kwalo, Poss. pron. Its. (a) 2. cl. ref. to 8. cl.:
nkuhamba kwalo (ihashe), its (the horse's)
walking; (b) 5 cl. ref. to 8 cl. : ukwanya
kwalo (usana), its (the baby's) sucking.
u-Kwalukwalu, «. 5- A Bustard ; = !-/<:«/«-
kalu.
in-Kwalutete, n. 3. Stiffness of limbs.
Kwam, Poss. pron. I p. sing. ref. to 8 cl. My:
ukidala kwam, my sleep; emphat. okwam
ukulala, my sleep.
in-Kwamba, n. 3. A person dying from
hunger.
in-Kwana, «. 3. Dimin. of i-Kwe(dini). A
little boy.
in-Kwanca, n. 3. The remainder, residue.
Tobacco leaves plucked off before they
are ripe and dried over a fire.
in-Kwandlankwandlana, n. 3. A kind of
plant.
in-Kwane, n. 3. (a) A dry, scaly skin; scurf
on the head; that which decays and dies
off. (b) The muscle above the elbow, (c)
The sole of the foot.
Kwanga, Past tense of %iku-Nga (a) and (b);
and of ukw-Anga.
i-Kwange, n. 2. An animal castrated when
fullgrown; dimin. ikwangana, a young
castrated bull, bull-stag.
Kwa-ngoko, adv. Immediately, just then;
see Oko 6 and Kwa 3.
Kwa-ngoku, adv. Just now; see Oku 3 and
Kwa3-
kw
Kwa-nini, adv. Formerly, heretofore, of old,
in former times ; see Kwa 3 and Mini 2.
Kwa-njalo, adv. Even so; see Kwa 3 and
Njalo.
Kwa-nje, adv. Just so ; see Kwa 3 and Nje (b).
uku-Kwanqa, v. i. To be astonished, terrified,
shocked, n. 8. Astonishment, terror.
— Kwanqisa, v. To astonish, terrify:
baboyikisa babakwanqisa, they affrighted
them and troubled them.
isi-Kwanqiso, n. 4. and u-Kwanqiso, n.
5. Terror.
Kwanti, adv. A place where there is no
dwelling and no shelter of any kind ; =kwa-
Badakazi.
Kwa-oko, adv. Immediately, see Oko (b)
and Kwa 3.
i-Kwipa, n. 2. The armpit. Phr. wamfaka
ekwapHi, lit. he put him in the armpit, i.e.
he made him escape, concealed him, for-
gave him, did not allow him to be accused;
waxoma amakwapa, he lifted his arms i.e.
he engaged in combat; wabamb' amakwapa,
he drew in his arms, he was not active.
Kwapela, adj. Only ; see uku-Pela.
ukuti-Kwapu, and Kwapupu, v. i. To be
quick, swift, speedy, sudden: wekwapuwema,
he jumped up and stood.
uku-Kwafa,, v. i. To go to stool; to purge,
(used of little children) : umntwana akakwari
kakiihle, the child does not purge properly.
Kwase, Poss. patt. 8 cl. used with locatives:
ukiidla kivasentsimini, food from the garden.
in-Kwashu, n. 3. Numbness of feeling;
cramp.
Kwaso, Poss. pron. Its. 4 cl. ref. to 8 cl. : isitya
nokutya kwaso, the vessel and its food.
ukuti-Kwasu, V. i. To rise quickly; to stand
up at once with ease.
uku-Kwataza, v. t. To try to get something ;
to pick up, gledin;^ Kahlaza.
isi-KWATI, n. 4. A mining compound; fr.
Eng. squad.
ukuti-Kwatsha, v. i. To be astonished.
isi Kwatsha, n. 4. The Cape redwing
francolin, Francolinus levaillanti (Val.),
and the Grey-winged francolin, F. afer
(Latham).
Kwawo, Poss. pron. (a) of 6 cl. sing. ref. to 8
cl. Its: ukuhluma kwawo (umtl), its (the
tree's) growing, (b) of 2 cl. plur. ref. to 8
cl. Their: amahashe anokudla kwawo, the
horses have their food.
Kwaye, aux. used in forming compound
tenses 8 cl. : kwayg kupekwa, contrae. kwahu-
206
KW
pekwa, the food was cooking or used to
cook; kwafye) kuya kubanjwa, it should
have been caught, or it will be caught
(sometimes kwahe is used instead).
i-Kwayi, v. 2. A commoner, a person of
low rank; a chief who has been deposed.
ubu-Kwayi, n. 7. Degradation, meanness of
position.
Kwayo, Poss. pron. (a) 3 cl. sing. ref. to 8 cl.
Its : ul-utsala kwayo (inkabi), its (the bullock's)
pulling, (b) 6 cl. plur. ref. to 8 cl. Their:
ukugaulwa kwayo (imiti), their (the trees')
being cut down.
Kwaza, 8 cl. past tense of uku Za, used idio-
matically to introduce a further statement.
Then; see uhi-Za, 2 (b).
uku-Kwaza, v. i. To call a person from a
distance by shouting, so as to arrest his
attention; to give one a hint.
i,tS?lzi.-A.|s'>ou.ing.
uku-Kwazana, v. To shout to one another.
in-Kwazi, n. 3. Contempt, disregard.
Kwazo, Poss. pron. Their, (a) 3 cl. pi. ref. to
8 cl. : kaugela iutaka nokwaka kwazo, look to
the birds and their building ; (b) 4 cl. pi.
ref. to 8 cl.: izikali zibukali ngokulolwa kwazo,
the weapons are sharp by being sharpened
(c) 5 cl. pi. ref. to 8 cl.: ukuhlaba kwazo
(unpondo), their (the horns') goring.
Kwe, see Ku, 3.
um-Kwe, n. I. A married man is unyana to
his wife's parents, and umkwe to his wife's
brothers and sisters; his wife's brothers are
abakwe to him. The people of the place
from which the wife came are abantu base-
bukweni to the people of her husband's
place, and her own children are batshana
to the family residing at her father's place.
um-Kwekazi, «. 4. A man's mother-in-
law; =M«z«a ivomfazi; one's wife's mother.
Phr. zezakwamkwekazi too sacred to be
mentioned.
ubu-Kwe, «. 7. Parentage-in-law ; the place
where a man's father-in-law lives; ndtya
ebukweni, I go to mj' parents-in-law ; ngowa-
sebukweni, that is a relation on my wife's
side. Phr. Use lasa tiasebukweni bezinja, the
sky cleared even at the dogs' mother-in law,
i.e. the sky is perfectly clear, without any
trace of a cloud.
i-Kweba, n. 2. Roasted co?n.
uku-Kweba, v. t. = uku-Koba.
in-Kwebete, n. 3. Strong coffee.
isi-Kwebu, «. 4. An ear of corn; a bunch
of grapes; isikwebu sombona, a maize cob
with the grain on it.
KW
uku-KwebuIa, v. t. To remove out of the
way; to separate a person from his com-
panions or compan}', to make him join
another ; to induce a person to come over
to another party or to enter on another
course of conduct.
— Kwebuka, v. To move, get away from
a place; to move out of the way (of a
snake); to make way for another.
i-KwebuIa, n. 2. The black-cap bulbul,
Pycnonotus barbatus layardi Gum. The
name is an attempt to reproduce the bird's
song.
Kwedinil Boy! (This is a vocative form
pure and simple, which is found reduplicated
in iit-Kwenkwe, and has a diminutive form
m-Kwana).
Kwekul interj. O! move away a little!
uku-Kwekwa, v. i. To conceal one's mean-
ing by speaking figuratively or in a secret
dialect; to speak, hum or sing something
so that it cannot be understood by others;
to mystify, obscure.
Children kwekwa by adding to each
syllable of every word a rhyming syllable
beginning with the English consonant r, e.g.
ndit't kuwe, appears as ndiri tiri kuru were.
Such a word as zam can appear either as
zaram or as zara tntiru. Similar customs
occur in widely separated parts of the world.
isi-Kweko, n. 4. Obscure speaking.
uku-Kwekwela, v. To talk figuratively
or tauntingly about one, or to talk to
another person in such a way that a
listener cannot understand what is being
said.
— Kwekweleza, v. To take a circuitous
route ; to mystify a matter designedly ; to
mislead in speaking •, = GwegweIeza.
u-Kwekwe, «. 5. Itch, mange, scab. Phr.
ukwekwe Iwexwili, the mange of a wild dog
(which is never cured), is applied to a
person who sticks close to another without
ever leaving him, esp. to a person who,
after receiving one favour, hangs on for
more and cannot be got rid of; isifo silu-
kwekwe Iwexwili, the sickness is incurable;
lukwekwe luka-Ntshwcza, it is Ntshweza's
scab, applied to a man who continually
pesters others with trifles.
uku-Kwela, v. i. To hiss or whistle by draw-
ing in the air.
i-Kwelo, n. 2. A shrill, whistling sound,
made to incite cattle to run, or to induce
cows to give their milk, or to encourage
people to attack : bazintyontyela amakwelo,
207
they praise (the cattle) with shrill sounds;
encouraging theiil to race ; uyabcta ikwelo,
he sounds the whistle, he pretends
innocence or indifference.
uku-KW'ELA, V. t. To get up, climb on,
mount, ride: kwela ihashe, mount the horse;
kwela emlini, climb into the tree; sakwela
enqwelwejii, we rode in a wagon; tig. to fall
upon, attack: ndakweliva sisifo, I was attack-
ed by sickness. Phr, wavikwela amahlanza,
he stabbed him.
um-Kweli, «. I A rider.
in-Kweli, w. 3. A good horseman.
isi-Kwdlo, n. 4. A pulpit.
um-Kwelo, n. 6. The racing of young
men on the day befoi-e a marriage.
uku-Kwelakwela, v. (a) To continue
beating or attacking a fallen foe, or one
who is too disabled to offer any resist-
ance, (b) To speak rapidly ; to chattel",
so as to prevent another from joining in
a conversation or discussion: yeka iikundi-
kwelakwela, stop preventing me from
speaking by your chatter.
— Kwelela, v. To climb or mount for a
purpose : iikwelda-nina emtinif wherefore
are you climbing the tree ? fig. to move
out of the way, to make room for: kwelela
endldeni, move out of the way; to be far:
indlu ikwelele kum, the house is far from
me.
Phr. Sikweleleiti zinyoka, nani masele,
nani nonkala, make way for us, ye snakes
and frogs and crabs, —said by the children,
to the accompaniment of stone-throwing
into the river, when they are preparing
to bathe.
— Kwelelana, v. To make room for one
another.
— KwelelJsa, v. To cause to go out of the
way: kwelelisa kancinane emhlaheii, put
out a little from the land; to remove an
object or obstruction out of the way of
another; to make (a place) wider and
wider.
— Kweleli-sela, v. To cause room to be
made for: wondikwelelisela bona, you will
let them make room for me; kivcldisclani
cnzulwhii, put out into the deep.
— Kwelisa, v. To cause or make to mount
or climb: bamkivelisa enqwclweni, they
made him ride in a wagon.
i-KW'ELE, n. 2, ubu-Kwele, n. 7. Jealousy.
uk'i-Kweleta, v. i. To be envious, jealous.
n. 8. Jealousy.
KW
■Kw^letela, v. To be jealous of: indoda
yamkweletela iimkayo, the man was jealous
of his wifd.
Kweletelana, t'. To be jealous Of each
other.
Kweletisa, and Kweletelisa, v>. Td
cause jealousy; to make jealous.
-K welezela, = uku-Kweletela.
-Kwelezelisa, == uku-Ktveletelisa.
si-KWELlTl, «. 4. Debt; taking goods on
credit ; from Du. schuld.
i-Kwelo, //. 4. Em. A boy's stick for
digging up roots ; = isi-Kwtli.
in-Kwembezi, n. 3. Fatty matter on water.
uku-Kwenca, v. t. To speak indirectly,
sarcastically; to hint; to nip, cavil, criticise.
um-Kwenci, «. i. A caviller, ciiticiser,
one who nips.
i-Kwencu, n. 2. That which is light.
ukuti-Kwenekwene, v. t. To excite by
expectations or fears which will not be
realized ; to tantalise.
is!-Kwenene, w. 4. The Red-shouldered
parrot, Poicephalus robustus (Gm.). Phr.
ivampa amatumhu esikwhtene, lit. he gave
him the entrails of a parrot, i.e. a vain
promise, he promised a nice thing, but did
not give it ; at present sweets of the
Europeans are called amatumhu esikwenene;
amaqanda esikwenene, lit. the eggs of a
parrot, i.e. a nice and pretty thing.
-kweni, Loc. form, ofoko, used with locatives
of nouns, denoting time, giving them an
adverbial force: xenikiveni, at the time
when ; tnhlenikweni, on the day when.
in-Kwenkwe, «. 3. Plur. amakwenkwe. A
boy, lad; itikivenkwe yamatole, a kind of
coarse grass (Andropogon).
um-Kwenkvve, n. 6. Pittosporum viridi-
florum Sims., a forest tree with reddish
purple flowers ; the bark is used for black
gall-sickness and glanders.
in-Kwenkwezi, «. 3. A star. See ama-
Kwezikwezi.
Kwenu, Poss. pron. of 2. p. pi. ref. to 8 cl.
Your: ukuianda kwenu, your will.
um-Kwenya, n. I. Em. Brother-in-law.
Polite expression by which tiie full brothers
and sisters of a married woman call her
husband, but not used by the other children
of a polygamist; see um-Kwe. The dimin.
twikwenyana is used reproachfully.
um-Kwenyetu, n. l. contracted from um-.
Kwenya wetu, Em. = umKwenya.
KW
uku-Kwenya and uku-Kwenyela, v. i. To
gather the body up, and put the tail
between the legs, as a horse when about to
kick ; inja ikwenyele umsila, the dog has put
its tail between its legs from fear.
um-Kwepa, n. 6. Something; neg. nothing.
i-KWEPlLE, n. 2. A quince, fr. Du. kweeper.
isi-Kwerana, n. 4. A false leaf, not the
proper leaf, espec. the very small leaves of
a tobacco plant, adj. something small,
little.
uku-Kweta, v. i. Not to speak what others
wish to hear.
um-Kw^ta, «. I. A lad who is under-
going the rite of circumcision with other
lads; he is considered unclean, and lives
for the time apart from the community ;
voc. kiveta is used to one of the same age,
circumcised at the same time, = chum,
mate.
isi-Kweta, «. 4. The language used by
the abakweta during their period of
seclusion.
ubu-Kweta, n. 7. The state of the circum-
cised lads.
Kwetu, Poss. pron. of I p. pi. ref. to 8 cl.
Our: ukufa kwetu, our death.
in- Kwetu, n. 3. Scabs on the skin, scurf;
the thin exterior skin or epidermis of the
human body which falls off in dry scales :
tinenkwetu, his skin falls off in scales; the
scales of fishes.
u-Kwetu, n. 5. The fat remaining on the
skin after slaughtering.
uku-Kweza, v. t. To ascend a river along
its banks: kweza umlambo, go up the river.
uku-Kwezela, v. t. To put in order, i.e.
rake together the embers of a fire: kwezela
uinlilo, make the fire right by putting the
fuel in order ; to watch the pots.
um-Kwezeli, n. I. One who puts the fire
right ; see uku-Biiya.
uku-Kwezelela, v. To make up the fire for.
i-Kwezi, n. 2. The planet Venus as the
morning star.
ama-Kwezikwezi, «. 2. pi. Starry, glis-
tening : isitsaba esimakwezikwezi, a glistening
crown.
in-Kwili, n. 3. (a) The Sombre bulbul,
Andropadus importunus (Vieill.). Its cry is
rendered as: Will jikela ngapa kwetyolo,
'please', Willie, go round about the bush,
please.
(b) A small water-insect which darts
about rapidly on the surface : amakwenkwe
alumisa inkwili ehilwimini ukuze akwazi
BB
KW
ukwenza ikwelo, the boys make the inkxvili
bite their tongues that they may be able to
whistle ; see uku-Gqoboka.
isi-Kwili, n. 4. and u-Kwill, n. 5. A sharp-
pointed stick, shaped like an assegai, used
by boys.
uku-Kwina, v. i. To whine as a child ; to
lament ; to utter a low moan from pain or
fear ; more generally applied to the whining
of a dog from fear, or the whistling
of sticks through the air in a fight.
isi-Kwino, n. 4. and um-Kwino, «. 6. A
whine, moan, plaintive cry.
uku-Kwinela, v. i. To strive, endeavouf,
(used -with, pambili).
i-Kwiniba, n. 2. A corn on the toes; a
spavin or splint on the legs of horses or
cattle ; an uneven, injured or sore place on
the body; fig. pi. bitter, unkind thoughts.
um-Kwinti, n. 6. (a) The Boter-bloem,
Gazania pinnata Less., a species of fibrous
plant used for plaiting and as threads.
Goats, feeding upon it, give much and rich
milk. It is used medicinally to prevent
miscarriage. See i-Cacawe.
in- K wintshi, n. 3. Headgear or badge worn by
chief councillors, warriors or awa-Gtfffl only.
isi-Kwintshi, n. 3. One who is in wrath, does
not care for anyone, does not look on one.
uku-Kwiriza, v. i. To speak Sesuto.
isi-KwiTI, 71. 4. The caretaker of a pound ;
also tbe pound itself ; from the Du. schut.
uku-Kwitsa, v. t. To blow or squirt out
fluid, e.g. on an army to make it in-
vulnerable, or to ban or drive away bad
spirits ; to chew and spit out leaves, in order
to gain a favourable decision in a law-case,
etc.
um-Kwitsi, m. i. An enchanter, as
described under uku-Kwitsa.
uku-Kwitsha, v. t. To beat on the body
with a switch.
ukuti-Kwitshi, v. i. To turn round and get
out of sight ; to turn away sharply from a
person or thing (espec. a bad thing) so as
to leave it; to remove, pass away from.
in-Kwitshi, n. 3. A sling, made of a
stripped maizecob fastened on a switch
and hurled away. Harm from contact
with a wicked person : akanyali lomfo apb
ahamba kona ukushiya inkwitshi, wherever
this man goes, he always leaves some
mischief. Phr. washiya nenkwitshi, he left be-
hind an unpaid debt or an unatoned crime.
Kwowu ! interj. Of astonishment and of
praise and consolation. O ! Indeed I really I
209
T has the same liquid sound as in English.
For the combinations dl, hi and tl see
under D, H and T.
L is inserted after a particle before the words
apa, apd, okd, to avoid hiatus, e.g. ndiXapa, I
am here; kuseXoko, from that time.
La, (a) Dem. pron. 2 cl. pi. These: lamahashe
or amahashe la, these horses, (b) Pass,
particle 2 cl. sing: ilizwi la/H. (c) Conj.past. 2
cl.: ihashe lapuma \abaleka, the horse came
out and ran.
La, I. Pron. subj. aor. 2 cl. sing.: iliswe l&fa
ngendlala, the country was destroyed by
famine.
2. (a) Contrac. from laiva, I and 6 classes
sing.: lamntu, that person yonder; lamt't,
that tree yonder, (b) Contrac. from leya,
3 cl. sing, and 6 cl. pi.: latito, that thing
yonder; la.miti,- those trees yonder, (c)
Contrac. from lawa, 2 cl. pi.: latnahashe,
those horses yonder.
uku-Labalaba, v. i. To try unavailingly to
grasp a thing which is out of reach ; not to
meet the point.
Labo, Poss. pron. I. cl. pi. ref. to 2 cl. sing.
Their: ihashe labo (abantu), their horse; and
of 7 cl. ref. to 2 cl. sing. Its: ubukumkani
biinetshawe labo, the kingdom has its prince.
Laelo, Distrib. pron. of 2 cl. sing. Every,
each : laelo ihashe, each horse ; see Elo.
Laf ulaf u, adj. Blown-up, swollen, as a dead
body ; soft, spongy as bread that has risen
well.
uku-Lafuza, v, i. To talk nonsense: «)&«-
ko nto uyitetayo, vfuman' idafuze njekodwa,
what you say is of no use, you simply
talk nonsense.
uku-LAHLA, v. t. To throw or cast
away or off; to abandon, forsake, reject:
lahla lentonga, throw this stick away;
fig. lahla lendlela, abandon this path;
indoda yalahla umfazi wayo, the man for-
sook his wife; walahla uhomi bake, he laid
down his life; ndalahlwa ngunantsi, I
incurred the displeasure of So-and-so;
ilyala libalahlilc, lit. the case has thrown
them, i.e. they have lost their case ; ukulahla
timntu, to bury a person. Phr. ungalahli
imbo yakb ngopbyiyana, lit, do not cast away
your own for that which you are not sure
of, i.e. a bird in the hand is better than two
in the bush; a change is not always for the
better, do not cast away your friends for a
stranger who will leave you again.
210
u-Lahlo, «. 5. A falling away.
um-LahIa, n. 6. Lamentation; a dirge
sung during the process of smelling out for
witchcraft.
uku-Lahlana, v. To reject or abandon
each other.
— Lahleka, v. To be inastateofbeinglost;
to lose oneself, to wander, err from the
right path; to be lost: inkomo yam
ilahltkde, my cow has strayed; igusha
zilahlekde, the sheep are lost ; ndilahlekile
apa, here I have erred; indilahlekHe lanto,
I have lost that thing ; fig. to be confused ;
bewildered: ilizwi Undilahlekile, the word
has slipped out of my memory.
n, 8. Error.
i-Lahleko, n. 2. 'Loss: ilahleho lam likulu,
my loss is great.
uku-Lahlekana, v. To be cast away from ;
to wander from: ukona ngokulahlekana
nomteto, to sin unwittingly.
— Lahlekanisa, v. To make to lose, i.e-
to rob, deprive of: makungabiko namnye
unilahlekanisa nomvuzo wenu, let no man
rob you of your prize.
— Lahlekela, v. To suffer loss of: ndila^
hlckelwe yilonto, I have lost that thing;
londawo wayitetayo yasilahlekela, what you
said went quite out of our mind ; timla-
hlekele umpefumlo wakk, he suffered the
loss of his soul.
i-Lahlekelo, n. 2. = i-Lahleko.
uku-Lahlekisa, v. To cause to be lost;
to lead astray; to cause to wander from;
to bring or lead into error, mistake or
difficulty: ulahlekiswe ngokusela utywala,
he was brought to ruin by drinking brandy.
um-Lahlekisi, n. I. A deceiver.
u-Lahlekiso, «. 5. An error.
uku-Lahlekisana, v. To lead one another
astray; to bring each other into diffi-
culties, ruin, etc.: aboni kiipela ngabalahle-
kisanayo, sinners are only people who
lead one another astray.
— Lahlela, v. To throw or cast in ^
certain place: iitiitu malulahlclwe pandle,,
the ashes must be thrown outside.
■Lahle, n. 2. A live ember from a wood
fire; fig. a bullet. Plur. charcoal; amalahle
aninyama, mineral coal; enialahleni, a
colliery.
-Laka, «. 5. Em. Officiousness: uttolaka, an
officious person, one who causes trouble or
strife.
La
uku Lakdta, v. To trouble a person,
by insisting on his appearing as a witness
in a case.
u-Lakanye, ;/. 5. The back part of the
mouth, especially the epiglottis.
ukuti-Lakatyu, v. i. To jump as a monkey.
Lake, Poss. pron. 3 p. sing. ref. to 2. cl. sing.
His, her: ilifa lake, his or her inheritance.
Lak6, Poss. pron. (a) 2 p. sing. ref. to 2 cl.
sing. Thy: ihashe lako, thy horse, to be
distinguished from ihashe lako, the horse
was there, (b) 8 cl. ref. to 2. cl. sing. Its;
ukufa akunagqira lako, death has no doctor.
Laku, Temp, conjunctive (a) 2 cl. sing: laku-
baleka ihashe, when the horse ran.
(b) 5 cl. sing. : lakugqitywa ubisi, when the
milk was finished; lakuba liimkile uvalo,
when the anguish had died away.
i-Lala, n. 2. (a) A smelter of ore, a smith,
(b) A plaited thing.
um-Lala, n. 6. Em. (a) A fibrous plant, (b)
A beer-strainer made from it.
uku-LALA, V. t. and /. perf. lele. To lie down;
to rest, sleep: walala tibutongo, he lay
asleep; ulele, he is asleep; nilele njani f how
did you sleep? ndalala ngendlala, I slept
without food; intaba zilele ikepii, the
mountains are covered with snow ; euphem.
to know carnally : walala nentombt or wayi-
lala intombi, he was with the girl at night;
fig. to be abundant: balele iminyani, they
(the dead; lay in heaps ; itiqolowa iyalala,
the wheat is a grand crop; impahla zilele,
the goods are on hand, unsold.
Phr. ulele ngendhi, lit. he lies at or by the
house, i.e. he is confined to the house by
sickness, he lies prostrate; usalele pantsi,
he is still very ill, or confined to bed ; lento
irnlele, this thing escaped his mind or
attention; ukulala isiduli, to faint away, to
lie unconscious; ulele pantsi ukubaleka,
he ran away at full speed ; xa silele buhlala,
when we lie awake ; wakanyela ivalala ngom-
beie, he denied it entirely; Ulele umbete
itshoba, lit. the tail is damp with dew, i.e.
he is dead. (As long as an animal lives it
moves its tail, and dew cannot rest upon
it; when it is dead, the dew lies on its tail.)
Bangamaqotyazana angalaliyo etnzini, they
are people who don't sleep at villages (on the
way), i.e. who are smart in going a
message or performing a duty at a distance.
um-Lali, n. I. One who has long been
laid up through sickness.
um-Lala-kanye, n. 1. One who does not
get up again.
211
LA
Those who have gone
ama-Lala, n. 2. pi.
to their rest.
ama-Lalo, n. 2. pi. Thoughts: ndixelele
amalnlo ako, tell me what you think in
your heart.
isi-Lalo. n. 4. An old, chronic sickness; a
long sickbed ; = ubu-Lwelwe.
u-Lalo, H. 5. A sleep: kolulalo Iwabo, in
this sleep of theirs; ulalo Iwendoda, a
man's sleeping with a woman.
uku-Lalana, v. To lie together, next to
each other. In a bad sense, to live in
uncleanness, to commit adultery.
— Lalanisa, v. To make one sleepy, i.e. to
put him off his guard, draw his attention
away; to dissuade one from a purpose;
fig. to cheat by dissembling and hypocrisy.
— Lalela, v. To lie in wait for, in ambush;
sometimes used for lindela: ndoba ndisa-
lalele, I shall still be waiting.
um-Laleli, n. I. A lier-in-wait.
um-Lalela, «. 6. A place where one lies in
wait for another ; an ambush.
uku-Lalisa. u. To cause to lie down; to
put to sleep: lalisa timntwana, put the
child to sleep; iikulalisa inkuku, to put
a troublesome chicken to sleep. (A child
catches the chicken, puts its head under
one wing, then dangles the chicken up
and down, singing, lala, abanye balele
ehlatini, sleep, the others are asleep in the
forest. He then lays it down quietly,
and it sleeps for a short time, then gets
up and runs away.)
To pass the night ; to encamp for the
night: ndalalisa e-Dikeni, I lodged at
Alice for a night ; umvunio uyakulalisa-
na ? is the concert to go on all night ?
halalisa emva kwentaka, they ran after the
bird, keeping closely to its track
wherever it went.
— Lalisana, v. To lie down together; to
afford each other company by sleeping
together.
— Lalisela, v. To wait for; to be ready
for.
uku-Lalaza v. i. Em. To pretend that one
has done his work well, while he has either
not done it at all, or else has only half-done
it ; = uku-Paya.
i-Lali, n. 2. A quiet, meek person ; one who
does not assert his right.
ubu-Lali, n, 7. Gentleness, mildness, meek-
ness.
■Lali, n. 3. An encampment, village, ward,
location, from Du. laager.
Lali, aux. contrac. from laye li, 2. cl. sing,
ilizwi laliviwe, the word had been heard.
Lalo, Poss. pron. 2 and 5 classes sing. ref. to
2 cl. sing. Its : ilizive linesiko lalo, a country
has its custom ; lunike tisapo ilifa lalo, give
the family its inheritance.
Lam, Poss. pron. I p. sing. ref. to 2 cl. sing.
My : Uiso lam, my eye ; see M.
um-Lam, «. l. A brother-in-law (wife's
brother). Fem. iimlamkazi, a sister-in-law.
ukuti-LAMB'U, and uku-Lamba, v. t. To
become hungry; ndilamhile, I am hungry.
uku-Lamba, n. 8. Appetite.
um-Lamb6, K. 6. A river; wemka nomla-
mbo or wabizwa ngumlambo, he was
drowned; anaemia, poverty of blood,
supposed to be caused by being bitten
by the river ; dimin. umlanjana, a small
river. Phr. akuko mlanjana ongagquiniyo,
every streamlet has its own sound.
ubu-Lanzi, n. 7. State of loneliness and
need.
uku-Lambela, f. To hunger for or after:
ndilambele ukudla, I am hungering for
food.
— Lambisa, i;. To cause hunger in
another ; fig. to contract the muscles of
the stomach.
ukuti-Lambalala, v. To get empty, as a
milksack; fig. to be gone and not to be
seen: walatnbalala ehlatini, he disappeared,
went hastily into the forest.
uku-Lambata, v. To be empty, bare,
destitute, miserably poor.
— Lambatisa, v. To make destitute, poor.
i-LAMU! with the 'u' almost inarticulate.
inter j. Em. Stop that 1 Give it up! used as
a strong appeal to make two fighters desist
from their fighting ; = Lamia,
uku-Lamla, v. t. pass, lanyulwa. To inter-
pose between contending and fighting
parties, with the object of making peace ;
to mediate: abantu balwa, ndafika mna
ndalamla, the people were fighting, I came
and separated them ; to interfere, oppose,
restrain : ndayilamla inja iugalidli iqanda,
I prevented the dog from eating the egg.
um-Lamli, n. i. An arbiter, umpire, me-
diator.
uku-Lamlela, v. To interpose, intercede,
plead in favour of or Oii acjouat of
others.
um-Lamleli, «. 1 = um-Lamli.
u-Lamnyani, n. 5. Em. A bundle of Kafir-
corn ears. (The root is nyani: cf. um-
Nyani, a thrashed-out head of Kafir-corn.)
LA
u-Lamtsasa, «. 5. Em. Beer. (The root is
apparently sasa ; cf. u-Sasa, a kind of sick-
ness caused by beer-drinking.)
um-Lamu, «. l.= um-Lam.
i-LAMUNI, n. 3. An orange, fr. Du. lamoen.
uku-LANDA, v. /. To follow on the scent
like a dog, or on the track, trace or mark
of a thing or animal lost to sight : silanda
inkomo elahlekileyo, we are following the
track of a lost cow ; balanda inyamakazi
ehlatini, they chased game in the forest ; cf.
um-Kondo.
— Landeka, v. To be traceable: azila-
ndeki nendlela zake, and his ways are not
traceable.
— Landela, v. To follow after, pursue that
which is still in open sight or in sight
mentally ; fig. to imitate : ukuba kuko onga
angandilandela, if anyone wishes to come
after me.
um-Landeli, n. i. A follower.
i-Landela, n. 2. Sequence, sequel.
uku-Landelana, v. To follow one after
another, as persons walking in a narrow
footpath.
— Landeleiana, v. To go or follow in
procession.
— Landelisa, v. To cause or make to follow
any direction or order ; fig. to prove or
show forth by reasoning, argument or
testimony : ndamlandelisa ukukohlisa
kwake, I made him repeat what was said
about his cheating.
— Landisa, v. To cause or try to follow;
fig. to give an account ; to tell or narrate
just as the circumstances happened ; to
bring to a confession: walandisa ityala
lake, he made a confession of his guilt ;
ndilandise, give me a circumstantial
account.
— Landisisana, r. To follow on the scent ;
to trace for one another.
isi-Ldnda, «. 4. A Kafir needle, about 4 to
6 inches long, and eyeless, used for making
holes through which the thread — made
from the sinews of the shoulders of an ox
— is run with the fingers. This needle is
now used for taking out thorns from the
foot, etc., or for loosening tobacco in a
pipe.
ubu-Landa, n. 7. Em. The place where a
man's parents-in-law \vfe', = ubu-Kwe.
ema-Landalahle, n. 2. loc. pi. Out of reach,
e.g. too high up; far away: isemalanda-
lahle, it is far away, i.e. nowhere.
212
LA
4. An old moral debt i-LAPl, and i-LAPU, n. 2. A piece of cloth, a
isi-Landu,
(subjective) : izUandu zetu, our trespasses
a grudge : uncsilandu, he has ill feeling in his
heart against another.
um-Landu, n.6. A debt (object. ) contracted
by using the aid of a doctor for divina-
tion ; hence, account, bill, wages:
rola iitnlaiidu, pay what is due.
uku-Landula, v. t. To refuse a request,
make an excuse from disinclination to
comply ; to deny, disown ; to withhold
from ; to disallow : waya kticela inkomo,
yalandulwa, he went to ask for a head of
cattle, but it was refused.
— Landulela, v. To plead inability for, in
regard to ; to excuse oneself, or make
excuses for another : baqala bonke
ngakunye uhizilandulela, they all with one
consent began to make excuse ; to refuse
to, or withhold from one.
Langa, Past tense, 2 cl, sing, of uku-Nga (a)
and (b) and of ukw-Anga, which see.
i-Langa, w. 2. The sun; fig. a solar day:
wabuya ngelilanga, you will return then
during this sun, i.e. this very day ; //czw^a-
nye, one day; umzi welanga, a village or
place where a drinking bout is going on;
emalanga, in the afternoon; asint' ilanga, it
is extremely dry ; ilatiga Hyadliwa, there is
an eclipse of the sun.
isi-Langa, n. 4. A burning glass.
um-Langa, n. 6. A blemish, a cataract or
film on the eye.
i-Langatye, 71. 2. A flame, flash of fire; cf.
i-Dangatye.
uku-Langazelela, v. i. To hanker after;
to long for ; to desire earnestly : umpcfumlo
warn iiyalangazelela iritendelezo zika-Yehova,
my soul longeth for the courts of the Lord ;
ndalangazelela ukunga ndingakubona, I long-
ed to see you.
isi-Langazelelo, «. 4, and u-Langazelelo,
n. 5. Intense longing, desire, longing
expectation.
uku-Lantsha, v. t. To throw into: wazi-
lantsha enianzini, he threw himself into the
water.
um-Lanya, n. I. Em. My wife's brother.
um-Lanyakazi, n. l. Em. My wife's sister,
The brothers and sisters of a wife are called
abalanya by her husband; cf. um-Alamafie.
ukutl-Lanzl, v. i. To insert a few words
between others (in a newspaper).
ubu-Lanzi, n. 7. State of loneliness and
need ; from tiku-Lamba.
Lapa, Here, see apa.
rag; a tablecloth, napkin; plur. amalapu,
old clothes; fr. Du. lap.
Lap6, There, see Apo.
isi-Laqa and isi-Laqalaqa, w. 4. One who is
restless, conscience-stricken.
uku-Laqazela, v. i. To be restless from a
stricken conscience.
Lase, Poss. pari. 2 cl. sing, used with loca-
tives: ihashe lase-Qonce, a horse belonging
to King William's Town.
Laso, Poss. pron. 4 cl. sing. ref. to 2 cl. sing.
Its : isifo ngcsifo sincyeza laso, every sickness
has its remedy.
uku-Lata, = ukw-Alata.
isi-Lata and isi-Latalata, n. 4. A foolish
person.
uku-Latazela, v. To be or to act
foolishly.
ukuti-Latya, v. t. To throw a thong round
a thief's neck ; to put beads or chains round
the neck.
uku-Latyuza, v. t. Of the wind or waves,
to toss the sea or a ship.
n. 8. Raging (of the waves).
um-Latyuzisi, «. I. One who stirs up
(the sea): ndmgu-Yehova, undatyuzisi wo-
hvandle, I am the Lord who stirreth up
the sea.
i-Lau, n. 2. A Hottentot, applied also
jokingly to an ufnkweid; fern, ilaukazi.
ubu-Lau, n. 7. A fragrant powder made
of the dry leaves of um-Toinbott, in-Tombo-
tshatie, i-Gusawa, um-To, mn-Diza, um-Xobo,
isi-Fikane, i-Tyeleba, i-Gqoqina or of the
root of i-Ngqawane, and used as a perfume
for the body; a lotion secretly used by
chiefs for evil purposes; a lotion with
which a girl is washed on the day when
she is sent to be married.
uku-LAULA, V. t. (a) To give orders to; to
arrange (a hunt); to perform incantations
before going to war or to a hunt or to any
important affair, in order to ensure success ;
to reign, rule over, govern : balaula imfazwe,
they designed a plan of war ; balaula impi,
they gave orders to the army how it should
attack, (b) To narrate a dream.
um-Lauli, «. I. One who reigns, a gover-
nor; one who foretells events and uses
enchantments; one who tells dreams.
isi-Lauli, n. 4. Reign, government.
isi-LauIo, n. 4. A ruler.
u-Laulo, n. 5. Rule : batnnikele elulaulweni
Iwerulmieli, they gave him up to the rule
of the governor.
LA
ubu-LauIi, «. 7. Principality, government,
uku-Lau!ela, v. (a) To rule for. (b) To
narrate a dream to others: nda-
bahndela ipupa, ke abandazisanga ukutyilwa
kwalo, I told them the dream, but they
did not make known unto me the inter-
pretation thereof.
uku-Lavuza, v. t. To speak stupid things,
to talk nonsense.
Lawa, Dem. pron. 2 cl. pi. Yonder ; see La, 2.
(c) : amahashe-hiwa, the horses yonder.
Lawo, contrac. 16, Dem. pron. 2 cl. pi.:
Those : amahashe-lawo, those horses.
Lawo, Pass. pron. 'a) 6 cl. sing. ref. to 2 cl.
sing. Its: biza lomlambo ngegama lawo, call
this river by its name.
(b) 2 cl. pi. ref. to 2 cl. sing. Their:
lamadoda alitanda ilizwe lawo, these men
love their country.
Lave, aux. of compound tenses, 2 cl. sing.:
ilifa lake lave lidliwa tiguye (contrac. lalidli-
wa), he enjoyed his inheritance; la(ye) liya
kufiinwi, it would have been desired, see
uku-Ya,3.
uku-LAYlSHA, V. t. To load up, fr. Du.
laden.
u-Layita, «. I. plur. ama-Layita. A Native
desperado or highway-robber (a word in-
troduced from the mines) ; from Eng. light.
Layo, Poss. pron. (a) 3 cl. sing. ref. to 2 cl.
sing. Its: intsimbt yakupa izwi layo, the bell
gave forth its sound, (b) 6. cl. pi. ref. to 2
cl. sing. Their: iminxuma inelishwa layo,
holes have their danger.
Laza, 2. cl. sing, past tense of tiku-Za, used
idiomatically to introduce a further state-
ment. Then: laza labaleka ihasJie, then the
horse ran; see tihi-Za.
isi-Laza, n, 4. Em. Old food that has last
its freshness, esp. old Kafir-beer, which
when drunk causes u-Sasa.
ama-Lazinge, n. 2. pi. Single seeds: wafaka
umbona wangamalazinge ngamanye, he put
single seeds of maize here and there.
Lazo, Poss. pron. Their, (a) 3. cl. pi. ref. to 2
cl. sing. : intaka zinelizwi lazo, the birds have
their voice, (b) 4 cl. pi. ref. to 2 cl. sing. :
izitunywa zezulu zinekaya lazo, the angels
have their home, (c) 5 cl. pi. ref. to 2 cl.
sing,: uyazazi-na intlanga nesiko lazo? do you
know the peoples and their custom ?
Le, Dem. pron. (a» 3. cl. sing. This: lento, this
thing; indlela elungileyo y/le, the good way
is this one. (b) 6 cl. pi. These : lemilambo,
these rivers. |
214
LE
Le, adv. Far, far away: bavela U, they come
from far ; makube U kum, may it be far from
me; sendile, I am already far away; zikd
intaba ezibeta le kwezinye ngobnpakamo, there
are mountains which are far higher than
others.
um-Le, «. 6. Soot: indlu izele ngumle, or yimile,
the house is black with or full of soot.
i-Lebe, n. 2. Pudenda feminae.
isi-Lebe, n. 4. The underlip of animals; the
chin.
um-Lebe, n. 6. Orig. large lip; at present
simply lip; pi. imilebe yomlomo, the lips of
the mouth.
i-LEFELE, n. 3. A rifle, from Eng.
isi-Lekehlana, «. 4. A short person; fig. a
poor, destitute person, or an article worth
nothing.
Lekeleke, adj. Hanging loosely, as the dew-
lap or udder of a cow, or the tongue of a
bell.
uku-Lekezela, v. i. To hang loosely, swing-
ing to and fro.
uku-Lekenya, v. t. To lick with the tongue,
as food from a dish or off the fingers, or
inkstains off one's hand or off a book.
uku-Lekuza, v. t. To toss the head up and
down ; to nod with the head ; to swing the
body in a haughty manner; to prance, as
horses; to move forward, threaten; to
feign, as if about to attack or strike; to try
to steal but without success.
— Lekuzeka, v. To bow, make bows in
dancing.
um-Lelemba, «. i. Em. A very lazy person
who does his work without showing any
interest in it.
uku-Lelesa, v. t. To injure in a stealthy
manner: isela lindilelesile, the thief stole
during my absence from home; to do
wrong, cheat; of lightning, to do damage.
uku-Leleza, v. t. To comfort, quieten one
after having upbraided him.
i-LELI, n. 3. A ladder, fr. Du. ladder.
um-Lembelele, n. 6. Prolixity, diffusiveness,
circumlocution, verbosity in speech ; a long,
prosy address which causes delay.
ubu-Lembu, «. 7. (a) Moss, (b) The green,
shiny substance on stagnant water, (c)
The soft part of a pumpkin or gourd, (d)
The female filaments of a ripening maize-
cob.
ubu-Lembui belitye, n. 7. A lichen found
on stones, used for snakebites and
syphilis.
LE
isi-LENQA, n. 4. = isi-Lengalenga.
um-Lenga, «. 6, A hanging, dangling shred
or rag.
uku-Lengalenga, v. i. To hang; to be
suspended ; to dangle in the air.
i-Lengalenga, n. 2. ^
isi-Lengalenga, «. 4. [ A curtain, hang-
um-Lengalenga, n. 6,)
ing; anything hung up in an extended
form and dangling; a waving curtain,
band, scarf, sash.
ama-Lengalenga, n.2.pl. An inaccessible
high place, a precipice.
ama-Lengelenge, «. 2. pi The air, the
void, the firmament: wayiposa intonga
emalengelengeni, he threw the stick into
the air.
uku-Lengalengisa, v. To hang up, sus-
pend, as a curtain.
Lento, Lit. this thing. Used as adv. Because,
why : niyahiliza, kuko lento nitt, masiye sibinge-
lele ku-Yehova, ye are idle, this is why ye
say, let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.
Lenu, Poss. pron. 2. p. pi. ref. to 2 cl. sing.
Your: iltso lenu, your eye.
um-Lenya, «. 6. A plant grown on the grave
of a chief.
ukuti-LENYE, v. t. To lick up: inja ikute-
lenye konke uktidla kwam, the dog has licked
up all my food; ilokweyam ite-lenye ngumlilo,
my dress has been licked up and burnt by the
fire.
uku-Lenya, v. i. To lick; to dart out, as
fire ; to wave about towards a person ; to
stretch out the tongue towards a person,
as a snake when threatening an attack;
to wag the tail, as a dog.
— Lenyela, v. Of fire, to dart at: umntwana
walenyelwa lilangatye, the child was
caught by the flame.
— Lenyeza, v. To dart the tongue to and
fro, as a snake.
— Lenyisa, v. To cause to dart out; to
flare out: ukutsha kwehlati bekulenyisa
amalangatye ngamacaV onke, at the burn-
ing of the forest the flames leaped out
in all directions.
Lenye ! intcrj. Save the mark !
um-Lenze, «. 6. A leg; the right hind-leg of
a slaughtered animal, >vhereas the left is
called i-Dikazi; a hind wheel of a wagon; a
wheel of a cart ; dimin. umlenzana.
ukuti-Lepu. v, i. Of the snow, to fall in
flakes.
uku-Lepuza, v. i. To show the female fila-
ments : unibona uyalepuza, the maize shows
215
LE
its filaments; to froth up, as yeast or
beer or soap-suds; to bubble up as water
from stagnant mud; to froth at the
mouth. Em. = ukuti-Lepu.
uku-Leqa, v. i. To leap; to run with a
leaping motion, v. t. To drive fast, to race
cattle.
i-Leqe, n. 2. Dowry (ox, cow, sheep or goat),
given to the woman by her father on or
after the day of marriage.
uku-LESA and uku-LESESHA, v. t. To read,
from Du. lezen.
uku-Leta, x;. t. To take or lift up and bring
near: leta umntwana apa, bring the child
here; to put into: wazileta emanzini, he
threw himself into the water; wazileta phu
kwendoda, he threw himself upon the man
(infighting).
isi-LETI, n. 4. A slate, fr. Eng.
uku-Letsheza, v. t. To run about the place.
Letu, Poss. pron. I p. pi. ref. to 2 cl. sing.
Our: ilite letu, our desire.
isi-Levu, n. 4. (a) The chin; the beard of a
goat ; cf. in-Devu. (b) A small kind of rush
(Ficinia) that grows in tufts.
Leya, (contrac. La), Bern. pron. 3 cl. sing and
6 cl. pi. Yonder: intaba-leya, the mountain
yonder; imhnaugo-leya, the ridges yonder.
isi-LEYl, n. 4. A sleigh, from Du. slee.
Leyo, contrac. L6, Detn. pron. 3 cl. sing, and
6 cl. pi. : That, those : leyonto or Idnto, that
thing; leyomili or lotniti, those trees; yaleyo,
everyone.
Li, (a) Pron. subj. 2 cl.: ihashe liyabaleka, the
horse runs, (b) Pron. obj. : ndalitenga elihashe,
I bought this horse, (c) Copula and Cause:
lihashe, it is a horse ; ndakatywa lihashe or
lilo, I was kicked by the horse, or by it.
uku-Libala, v. i. To idle away; to spend,
waste or consume time : ndalibalakukufeketa,
I wasted my time with playing; ndalibala
ekaya, I idled away my time at home;
hence, to neglect, forget; to be careless:
ulibele ukuza, he forgot to come; walibala
ukugqiba umsebenzi wak^, he neglected to
finish his work.
— Libaleka, v. To be forgotten.
— Libalisa, v. To cause a person to while
away his time; to divert attention to-
wards an object; to amuse, interest,
entertain another, so as to hinder him
from his proper employment. (The
following form is more frequently used).
— Libazisa, v. pass, lityaziswa. To sit
beside a prospective bride during the
period of her seclusion immediately be-
LI
fore marriage and to pass the time
talking and singing, so as to make her
forget her loneliness; to make or cause
to be careless, forgetful ; to delay, detain,
keep back: wandiUbazisa ngokuteta kwake
nomnye ttmntu, he let me wait while he
spoke with another person; ndazilibazisa,
I passed my time waiting ; bendibalibazisa
abantu basemzini, I was entertaining the
strangers.
Libe, aiix. in forming compound tenses, 2 cl.
sing. : ilizwi libe litetwa, (contract, belitetwa),
the word was spoken ; libe lingalityahvanga,
(contract, belingalityalwanga), it had not
been forgotten, see uku-Ba I. 2. (a).
u-Libo, = id-Ibo.
um-Libo, n. 6. The first tender shoots of
pumpkins and melons; uvilibo wokiizalwa,
pedigree, genealogy, kindred, stock.
Likiliki, adj. Shaky or wobbly, as jelly, soft
watery meat, or a distended abdomen.
uku-Likizela, v. i. Of any wobbly thing,
such as the distended abdomen of a fat
person as he walks, to move or shake
about.
uku-Lila, v. i. To weep, cry, lament, mourn,
wail; to crow: inkunzi yenktiku iyalila, the
cock crows ; to give a sound : intsimbt iyalila,
the bell sounds ; zalila intonga is said in fight-
ing, when the sticks come cracking down
on the heads; wnti uyalila, the tree dis-
charges, exudes sap; ndali/a imvukazana, I
wept bitterly. Phr. uya kulila ngaso nye,
uxcle inkau, lit. you will shed tears with
one eye like a monkey; crocodile tears.
The proverb is used to deter people from
being led into a snare. (A monkey caught
in a trap, is said to shed tears with one eye
only). Ulile wazonda, he made himself ill
with weeping.
A weeper, crier; one who
um-Lili, n. I
cries.
isi-Lilo, /). 4. 1
u-Lilo, 71. 5. J
mourning.
uku-Lilela, v
Weeping, lamentation,
To weep, mourn, etc., for
or on account of: imyana zvamlilcla uyise,
the son mourned for his father.
-Lilelana, v. To weep, etc., over one
another, as on unexpectedly meeting
after a long parting.
Lilisa, V. To cause weeping: ziyakumli-
lisa inkuni, the firewood will make her
weep (i.e. when it is wet and will not
burn) ; to ring a bell : lilisa intsimbt, ring
the bell; to play on an instrument:
uyalilisa uhadi, he played the uhadi (piano).
216
LI
um-Lilisi-xilongo, w. i. A trumpeter.
uku-Lilisela, v. Of a hen, to cackle:
iyaliliscla inktihi, the hen is cackling after
laying an egg; to keep harping on a
thing, like a cackling hen ; to toll a bell
for one who is dead.
isi-Lili, n. 4. A part of a hut set apart for
the use of individuals, for sitting or
sleeping in; a bedroom.
Lilo, Copula and Cause, 2 cl. sing. It is it, or
by it, see Li, (c) and Ij), i. (c).
uni-LHo, n. 6. Fire, burning, conflagration:
uinlilo awunamateli, the fire does not catch;
iiidoda ingumlHo, the man is full of wrath ;
a match: ndip'umlilo, give me a match.
uku-Lima, v. t. To hoe in seed, to dig,
plough, cultivate.
um-LJmJ, n. I. A cultivator, husbandman;
a peasant.
i-Lima, n. 2. Orig. a number of people
who came to help a lately-married woman,
at her invitation, to hoe her garden and
who were entertained bj'- her husband by
having an ox killed for them; now, a
gathering of men each with his own oxen
coming to plough a field, or a gathering
of people to weed a garden ; these people
are fed by the owner of the garden, but
often they are entertained with Kafir-beer
only.
isi-Limo, n. 4. The produce of ploughing;
crop.
um-Lima-ndlela, «. 6. The boundary of a
garden or cultivated land.
uku-Limalima, v. To plough in a hurry.
— Limeka, v. To be fit for digging or being
dug, etc. : umhlaba awulimeki, the ground
does not plough well ; igaba lam liyalime-
ka, my hoe digs well.
— Limela, v. To plough for another:
ndilimele ititsimi yam, plough my garden
for me.
isi-Limela, n. 4. The Pleiades, which
announce the ploughing time: isilimela
sesitwasile, the Pleiades have appeared
i e. springtime has come ; eyesilimela, the
month of June, the time for ploughing
wheat.
isi-LlMA, n. 4. Anything, whether person,
animal or fruit, that is misshapen or
deformed ; a cripple, especially one whose
fingers or toes cleave together by nature,
or from an accident or burn; anything
defective, imperfect, faulty, as a broken
piece of furniture: umutu osikwasilima,
an abject persjon, one not pleasing; intq
LI
esikwasilitna, a thing not liked. Girls
will not eat any deformed fruit, lest, they
bear deformed children.
uku-Limala, v. i. To be hurt, injured,
wounded by contusion, pressure or any
other violence done to the body : ulUnele
elunyaweni, he is hurt in his foot.
— Limaza, v, pass, linyazwa. To hurt,
contuse, injure, wound, bruise ; to wound
in battle: walimaza isandla sake, he
injured his hand.
— Limazisa, v. To cause to hurt; to hurt
purposely.
uku-Linda, v. t. To keep watch in the
gardens, in order to drive away birds or
animals from the crops: intaka mazilindwe,
ukuba zingadli amazimha eiu, the birds must
be kept from eating our Kafir-corn ; siyali
nda incanda entsimini, we keep watch for
the porcupines in the garden; to be on
guard, watchful, awake: yiba ulindile,
watch! to wait ior: ndiya kumlinda endhvi-
ni, I shall wait for him in the house ; iindi-
lindile, he waited for me.
um-Lindl, «. l. A watchman, guard.
isi-Lindo, «. 4. Waiting, watching, vigi-
lance.
um-Lindo, 71. 6. The period of watching,
a watch: umlindo ivobusukti, a watch of
the night.
uku-Lindana, v. To wait, watch for each
other.
— Lindela, v. To wait for; to expect:
umpefumlo warn ulindele ku-Yehova, my
soul waiteth for the Lord.
— Lindisa, v. To cause to wait.
i-Lindi, n. 2. A cup-shaped depression,
varying from a few feet to a few yards
across, on the surface of the ground. Plur.
ama-Lindi, a strip of country characterized
by having numerous depressions on its
surface; such tracts are found at King
Williamstown and near East London.
um-Lindi, n. 6. A deep furrow, hole, pit,
grave.
u-LlNDlPASi, n. I. Rinderpest, from the Eng.
Linga, l. verb. pref. of Potent, mood, 2 cl.
sing.: ihashe Vingabaleka, the horse may
run.
2. aux. of Condit. mood, see Linge, 2.
3. Short Pres. 2 cl. sing, of nku-Nga (a)
and (b).
4. Neg. verb. pref. (a) of depend., rel.
and conjunct, sentences: liimka ukuze ixoki
\\nzdd}uyi, take care that the liar does not
come back ; uteta ilizwi eiin^aviwanga
CC
LI
nguwe, you speak a word which you have
not heard ; elikaka ngeWngapatwa, this
shield would not be taken or ought not to
be taken.
(b) Before ka, ko and na, linga becomes
linge: badla Mngekafiki ixesha, they ate
before the time; ndafika Iinge*<5 ibandla,
I arrived but no congregation was there;
andilifuni elihaslie lingenarnendti, I do not
like this horse which is not swift.
Linge, Neg. verb. pref. 2 cl. sing, (a) of Potent.
mood, con trac. from aZzK^^: ilizwilakdlinge-
pendidwa, thy word may not be answered.
2. aux. of the condit. mood: Wnge-fli
nga-) or ngelipaiwa kakiihle elikoboka, this
slave should be treated kindly,
ukuti- L I N G I , x;. /. = iiku-Lmgisa.
uku-Linga, v. t. (a) To try, attempt,
venture ; to make an effort : andiyi kuli-
nga ukuwuivela uinlambo, I shall not
attempt to cross the river; to tempt by
reason or argument: wandilinga ngengubo,
he tempted me with a dress (which he
promised to givel,' to try by experiment;
to examine: walilinga izembe ngokugaula
umtt olukuni, he tried the hatchet by fell-
ing a tree of hard wood with it. (b) To
test, try; hence to taste anything cooked,
so as to find out whether it is properly
cooked : ulinga imb'iza, he has taken out
food from the boiling pot.
um-Lingi, n. i. A tempter.
um-Lingwa, 71. I. A probationer.
i-Linga, and i-Lingo, n. 2. Attempt,
effort, endeavour, exertion.
i-Linge, n. 2. An experiment.
isi-Lingo, «. 4, and u-Lingo, «. 5. Test,
trial, temptation. Phr. wagcaka7nela isili-
ngo, he faced temptation.
um-Lingo, «. 6. Trial, temptation, ex-
periment; pi. magical arts.
uku-Lingalinga, v. To tempt, etc.,
thoroughly.
— Lingana, v. To be equal to, either in
weight, strength, measure or quality; to
be adequate, equitable: a7nazwi abo ali-
7igene, their words are of the same import,
i.e. agree ; inkabi zilingene ngamandla, the
bullocks are equal in strength; ukudla
oku kiiyalingana nabantu bonke, the food is
sufficient for all people; ina7ti la/nadoda
lilitige/ie na77iakulu amabini, the number
of men is about 200; U7iibdna ult/tgette
nenxowa ezintatu, the maize measured
about three bags; andlkiiliiige7te ukuba
U7tgene pantsi kopahla lwa77i, I am not
217
LI
worthy that thou shouldest come under
my roof; inguho ayindilingene, the blanket
does not fit me ; abalingenwe ngabafundisi,
they have not enough teachers; yaye
fiendimbane eliugeneyo yomzi inaye, and
much people of the city was with him.
um-Lingane, n. I, A companion, comrade.
u-Lingano, n. 5. Symmetry.
ubu-Lingane, «. 7. Companionship, com-
radeship, partnership.
uku-Linganisa, v. To compare one thing
with another; to measure: linganisani
ezotito zombini, yiyiplna enkulu, compare
both these things, which is the greater
of the two ; sikidu isitya olitiganisa vgaso,
the vessel you measure with is big ; fig.
to equalize; to imitate: ndilingajiise,
imitate me; tikuze simlinganise ngokuti,
that we may imitate him by doing so ;
to try; to venture, undertake: masili-
itganise amandla etu, let us try our com-
parative strength; to make a feint, as if
to strike another ; cf. uku-Lekuza and uku-
Lingisa.
um-Linganisi, w. I. One who measures.
isi-Linganiso, n. 4. A tape-line, yard-
stick, dimension, weight, measure, pat-
tern : isilinganiso sam, my measure.
um-Linganiso, n. 6. Measurement: itni-
Iwganiso etnitatu, three yards (of stuff).
uku-Linganisela, v. To proportion one
thing to another: nditenga ftgokulivganisela
tigemali endinayo, I purchase according
to the money I have ; to apportion, dis-
tribute by measure : wnndilinganisela tige-
sitya esincinane, he measured out to me
with a small vessel; to try to equal,
imitate, figure, form, draw a copy: ndi-
lifiganisele, take an example or a lesson
from me.
um-Linganiseli, n. I. One who dis-
tributes by measure.
isi-Linganiselo, n. 4. ] Measure nrn
um-Llnganiselo, n. 6. j ^^^sure, pro-
portion to other things.
uku-Llngela v. To tempt for: imdilingela-
nitia ? why do you tempt me ?
u-Lingelwano, n. 5. Symmetry, evenness.
uku-L!ngisa, v. To try, attempt to do a
thing; to make a feint as if about to
strike another; to point a sword or lance
at a person : walingisa vgomkonto, he lifted
up the spear, as if he was going to stab.
um-Lingisi, «. I. One who makes a feint
of striking another.
isi-Lingiso, n. 4. A feint.
LI
um-Lisela, w. 6. The young men in their
prime and vigour ; the flower of the army.
u-Liwo, n. 5. Attack, fight, from uku-Lwa.
uku-Liza, v. t. To help, support or assist a
chief or poor people with presents.
i-Lizo, «. 2. ") T> t • 4. u- f
um-Lizo, «. 6. ] P'-esents given to a chief,
or to a man whose cattle have been
confiscated or have died; contribution,
assistance, help; pi. amalizo, alms.
um-Liza, n. 6. Em. An ornament worn
round the ankles, consisting of horsehair
overcast with brass wire.
Lo, (contrac. form of pron. emphat. lona)
I. Poss.pro.'!. 2 and 5 classes. Its. (a) After
poss. particles of all classes: ukubaleka
kwaXo (ihashe), its (the horse's) running;
emphat. okwaio ukubaleka, its running;
amandla a\o (ukolo), its (faith's) power;
emphat. awaXo amandla, its power.
(b) It is used with prepositions: bahlaba
ngaXo irele, they stabbed with the sword ;
impiikane zikuXo (ubisi), flies are in it (milk).
(c) It follows the Copula, expressing
causal relationship : ndakatywa liXo (ihashe),
I was kicked by it (the horse); ndibetwe
luXo {iisizi), I felt it (sympathy).
2. Deyn. pron. I and 6 classes. This:
Xomntu, this person ; Xomti, this tree.
3. Pron. subj. of condit. future, 2 and 5
classes sing.: ilizwe Xoba yintlango, the
country will become a wilderness; ubisi
Xopalala, the milk will spill.
L6, Dent. pron. contrac. (a) from lowo, I and
6 classes. That: lomntu, that man; lomti,
that tree, (b) From Icyo, 3. cl. sing. That :
lonkabi, that ox. (c) From lawo, 2 cl. pi.
Those : lomadoda, those men.
isi-Lo, n. 4. Any animal, wild or of a per-
nicious, injurious nature, including those
which are not used for food, hence, unclean
animals, as the lion, etc.; isilo somntu, the
tapeworm of the intestines; isilo sika-
Mhlola, a very destructive person or
thing, esp. beer or brandy, named from the
effects.
Plur. izilo. The things by means of which
one is said to have been bewitched and
which the doctor professes to have extracted
from the bewitched person. Dimin. isilwana,
a small wild animal; a dangerous insect;
also a tapeworm. Also isHwanyana, col-
lective name for all sorts of very small
wild animals, vermin, reptiles, insects ; see
ukuGaqela.
ubu-Lo, «. 7. State of wildness.
uIu-Lo, = M-Z,/wo. See under uku-Lwa.
218
L6
uku-Loba, v. t. To draw water out of a
well with a rope and bucket or to catch fish
with a line and hook ; to cut open an abscess ;
to vaccinate; fig. to explain, disentangle.
um-Lobi, ?/. l. A fisherman; a surgeon.
u-Lobo, ;/. 5. An angling line.
um-Loboti, n. 6. An angle or hook for
fishing.
uku-Lobola, v. t. pass, lotyolwa. (a) Primarily
to compensate, indemnify; to give dowry
for a wife, see i-Kazi.
The idea lying at the root of this custom is that the
father suffers loss by the marriage of a daughter. He
is deprived of her assistance, and has a just claim for
compensation. This custom furnished also a guaran-
tee that the woman would be kindly treated after
marriage. If she had just cause for complaint, she
could return to her friends, who demanded one or
more head of cattle, before she was allowed to go
back to her husband. To make payment of this kind
is also called ukulobola; but the payment is not
called i-Kazi.
It should be noted that the word dowry has acquired
in South Africa a meaning different from its strict
signification.
Phr. unyoko walotyolwa ngamatokazi, your
mother was paid for with heifers, i.e. you
are a lucky fellow ; unyoko walotyolwa nga-
makuba, your mother was paid for with
hoes, i.e. you are unlucky.
(b) To release a child from the people
who brought it up ; to give cattle for the
purpose of bringing it home.
— Loboleia, v. To give dowry for a wife
to the father or guardian: uya kundilobo-
lela intombi yam, you will give me dowry
for my daughter.
— Lobolelana, v. To exchange: balobole-
lana ngamazwi, they exchanged words.
— Lobolisa, v. To demand dowry; to
cause dowry to be given.
u-Lobuza, n. 5. The external, transparent
skin of all hairless creatures.
Lodwa, adj. Alone, only, 2 cl. sing. : ihashe
lodwa, the only horse; 5 cl. sing: tiswazi
lodwa, the only switch.
uku-Lokohleka, v. i. To fall headlong over
a precipice ; to fall into (sin).
i-LOKWE, n. 3. A dress, fr. Du. rok.
uku-LoIa, V. t. To sharpen on a stone (an axe,
knife, etc.); fig. to rub the feet on a wet
stone, cf. in-Kwali; tola ukuteta, speak gently
and politely ; uyalola knbdla, he grinds red
clay.
— Lolana, v. To sharpen one another:
masilolane elutandweni, let us provoke one
another to love.
— Loleka, v. To be sharpened.
L6
u-LOLIWE, n. I. (a) A railway, railway train,
locomotive, (Kafirised from the English),
(b) A small tin, as a condensed milk tin.
(Probably at first a tin with preserved meat
used by the workers on railway con-
struction).
i-Lolo, n. 2. The ventricle of the heart; fig.
one who separates himself from others
and lives a recluse; one who cannot pull
with others ; pi. amalolo, a hoarse voice, or
that of an old man ; ilizwi lake linamalolo,
his voice is hoarse.
ubu-Lolo, n. 7. State of loneliness: into ebulolo,
a lonely, solitary thing.
uku-LoIonga, v. t. To look at the various
parts of a thing; to observe; to look out
for one.
— Lolongeka, v. To be observed.
n. 8. The state of being observed,
observation.
um-Lolwa, n. 6. Hibiscus tiliaceus L.
ama-Lomb6 and ama-LombdIomb6, n. 2.
pi. Em. Many days occupied in a long
journey.
i-Lomo, n. 2. A mouth with very large lips.
um-Lomo, n. 6. Mouth, beak, the opening
of any receptacle (sack, bottle, cave). Phr.
unomlomo omde, he lives luxuriously; or, he
can be heard all over the country; ukunga-
zvuhlanganisi timlomo, lit. not to join the
mouth, i.e. to gape, to be amazed; ndinom-
lomo onzima, I have a swollen mouth. See
also uku-Beta and isi-Ziba. Fig. the
utnkonto etc, which is used at the iikuhlo-
lelwa kwentombu Dimin, utnlonyana.
Lona, Pron. emphat., subj. and obj. of 2 and 5
cl. It, itself: ihashe lake andilazi lona, his
horse I do not know it ; lona utando alupeli,
it, love ceases not; a kind of superlative:
elona lizwi lihle, the nice word, or the nicest
word ; olona lufefe lukulu, the great feeling ;
wateta elona lizwi limfaneleyo, he spoke the
word which was fit for him.
isi Londa, «. 4. A sore, running wound, ulcer.
uku-LONDA, V. t. To keep long or in good
condition; to preserve, keep safe; cf. uku-
Londoloza, which is more generally used.
um-Lond6, n. 6. The ancestral spirit which
preserves and protects; pi. imilonde, the
household gods.
um-Londe-kaya, n. 6. Lit. the protector
of the home, i.e. the chief, the king. The
reigning chief is addressed by this name,
pi. imilondekaya, the household gods, lares
et penates.
LO
uku-LondoIoza, v. t. To keep, tend very
carefully; to preserve with care; to
protect from evil : londoloza hnpahla zam
ziugebiwa, keep my things safely lest they
be stolen; londoJoza umntivann esilwaneni,
protect the child against the wild animal;
ahalondoloziva baka-Simyeli, the preserved
of Israel.
um-LondoIozi, w. l. Preserver, keeper,
caretaker, protector.
u-Londolozo, v. 5. Preservation, pro-
tection.
uku-LondoIozana, v. To take care, etc.,
of one another.
— Londolozela, v. To take care, etc., of or
for: ndilondolozeleni iyeza, take good care
of the medicine for me.
— Londolozisa, v. To cause or let care be
taken of.
um-Londe, m. 6. A small shrub which grows
wild ; its carrot-shaped root is dug up and
eaten by children.
uku-Londla, v. t. To spy out.
uku-Longalonga, To look at ; - uku-Loloiiga.
i-Longo, and i-Longwe, n. 2. A cake of dry
cowdung, used for fuel ; the inside wall of
a hut after it has been plastered.
ubu-Longo, and ubu-Longwe, w. 7. Fresh
cowdung.
isi-LongoIongo, n. 4. used as adv. Very:
amanzi asisUongolongo, the water is very
deep ; very (hot weather) ; very (sore heart).
Z:!:S"|r°']''-'^- The Cape ca„a,y,
Serinus canicollis (Sw.).
ukuti-Lonji, v. i. To go into; to enter.
Lonke, adj. ref. to 2 and 5 cl. sing. All,
whole: lonlie ilizwe, the whole country;
ttgotando lonke, with all love.
um-Lonyana, «. 6. dimin. of iim-Lomo.
u-Lopu, = ;<^0/'K.
uku-Loqa, v. i. To talk incoherently.
um-Loqi, n. I. One who talks for
talking's sake, who rambles on in his
speech.
i-LOTE, n. 3. Lead; fr. Du. lood.
ukuti-Lote, v. i. To burn to ashes.
um-Lota, n. 6. A house which has become a
heap of ashes thro'igh being entirely
burnt down.
i-Lotyane, n. 2. Sagewood, Buddleia salviae-
folia Lam.
u-Lovane, n. 5. plur. ama-Lovanc. A chame-
leon.
um-Lovulovu, h. i. One who talks at random.
uku-Lovuza, t;. /. To talk at random.
LO
um-LovuIovu. n. 6. Septee, Cordia caffra
Sond., a medium-sized tree.
Lowa, Detn. pron. (contrac. la), I and 6 cl.
sing. Yonder: umfana lowa, that youth
yonder ; wnda lowa, that boundary yonder.
i-Lowe, M. 2. The Egyptian goose, Chena-
lopex aegyptiacus (L.).
Lowo, (contrac. lo,) Dem. pron. I and 6
classes sing. That: timntii lowo, that man;
umlambo lozvo, that river; ^lowo, I cl. : every
one : beza elowo nendlii yake, they come every
one with his household; 6 cl. waXosvo,
every one.
um-Lowo, n. 6. One of the same family, a
blood-relation, such as a son or daughter ; =
iim-Zalwane. Phr. yindaba yemilowo, it is an
affair between relatives, i.e. outsiders must
not interfere.
ukuti-Loxe, v. i. To be hoarse: ilizwi lam
lisate-loxe, my voice was still hoarse.
uku-Loza, V. i. Em. To whistle.
um-Lozi, n. 6. (a) A whistle: tidenza
umlozi, I whistled ; a flute, (b) A certain
kind of witch-doctor or rain-doctor who
employed the whistle in his proceedings;
so, in general, a diviner.
uku-Lozela, v. To whistle for; to call (a
dog) by a whistle.
ukutl-Lozilozi, V. i. Of a distant fire, to
glimmer.
Lu, (a) Pron. subj. and obj. 5 cl. sing. It: uluti
lugobile, the switch is bent; ndalugoba uluti,
I bent the switch, (b) Copula and Cause of
the same class: lulo or kwenziwa Xvdo (ufefe)
it is it or it is done by it (heartiness).
um-Lu, n. 6. A heap of any loose substance,
(corn, gravel, meat cut up in native fashion).
Phr. ukuzalwa wedwa ngumlu wenyama, to
be born alone is a dead carcass (which one
cannot skin by oneself), i.e. to have no
brothers is a great disadvantage ; the outcry
of a man wlio has been left by his com-
panions in a dangerous position, because
he is not of their clan or family.
Lube, aux. of compound tenses, 5 cl. sing : u-
kblo lube lututuzela, (contrac. belututuzela), the
belief was comforting ; {lu)be lungayi
kuhlaziswa, it (the belief) will not come
to shame ; see uku Ba I. 2. (a).
uku-LUKA, V. t. To plait, weave, braid : luka
intambo, braid a rope or string.
um-Luki, n. I. One who plaits ; a weaver,
u-Luko, «. 5. A plaiting; a thing plaited
or weaved.
uku-Lukeka, v. To be fit for plaiting:
ititambo ayilukeki, the string is not flexible
enough for plaiting.
LU
— Lukela, v. To weave for.
— Lukisa, v. To make or help one to plait.
isi-Lukiso, K. 4. Any instrument for
weaving, as a shuttle or loom.
uku-Lukuh!a, v. t. To cast down, i.e. from
one's steadfastness or principles ; to involve
in guilt by concealing the true nature of
an action; to mislead, allure, beguile:
inyoka yamlukuhla u-Eva, the serpent
beguiled Eve.
n. 8. Deceitfulness.
Lula, adj. Light in weight, easy to carry,
of little importance : idyokwe Hula, the yoke
is light; indawo elula, a little matter; fig.
indlu Hula, the house is empty, not furnished.
Dimin. lulana, very light, slight: indawo
ilulana, the matter is of slight consequence.
adv. lula, kalula, ngokulula, lightly: iyesa
lisehenza lula, the medicine works easily.
ubu-Lula, n. 7. Lightness, smallness.
uku-Lulama, v. i. To submit; to be
obedient with meekness : ndilulamile, I am
very gentle, submissive.
u-LuIamo, n. 5. Meekness, submission,
patient obedience.
uku-Lulameka, v. To become submissive,
meek.
— Lulatnela, v. To submit to; to be
obedient to another: wayebalulamela, he
was subject to them.
— Lulamelana, v. To submit to one
another.
— Luiamisa, v. To make obedient, sub-
missive.
— Lulamisela, v. To make subject to.
uku-LuIeka, v. t. To straighten a bent rod;
fig. to set one right in speaking ; to bring
right (cattle which are on the wrong pas-
ture) ; hence, to instruct, guide, correct by
instruction; to set right by counsel or
advice; to enliven, animate, give spirit to,
cheer up ; fig. to heave up, weigh anchor.
um-Luleki, n. l. A correcter, instructor.
u-Luleko, n. 5. Instruction, guidance,
(objective) : ululeko Iwam, the instruction
I receive.
uku-Lulekana, v. To admonish one an-
other.
— Lulekeka, v. To become straightened ;
admonished, instructed, etc.
Lulo, It is it, 5 cl., see Lu (i) and Lo I. (c).
isi-Lulu, n. 4. A light but very large
basket used for storing corn, made of
coarse grass, with a narrow mouth.
i-Lulusi, n. 2. A poor, wretched, dispicable
creature.
221
LU
^-Lulwane, n. 2. A bat; fig. levity,
thoughtlessness.
uku-LUMA, V. t. pass, lunywa. To bite:
ndilunywa yinja, I am bitten by a dog;
fig. isisu siyandiluma, lit. my stomach
bites, gripes me, i.e. I have pain in my
stomach; iqaiaka iyaluma, the hoarfrost
bites, i.e. pains, destroys.
Phr. ndifuiia ukukuluma indlebe, I wish to
bite your ear, i.e. I wish to whisper to you,
to tell you something.
— Lumana, v. To bite each other.
— Lumeka, v. To be painful: isisu
silumekile, the stomach is in pain ; to let
blood by cupping.
— Lumela, v. To bite off for; to give
(bread): ukumluinela kwisonka sake, to
give him of his bread.
— Lumisa, v. To make to bite. See
in-Kwili (b).
uku-Lumeka, v. (a) To set on fire; to light:
lumeka isihane, light a candle, (b) See
under uku-Luma.
— Lumekeka, v. To take fire: isibane
asHumekeki, the candle will not take
light; iviti lilutnekekile, the tinder has
taken fire.
uku-Lumeza, v. i. To be disagreeable to look
at (bad behaviour; a severe accident or
wound) ; to be unbearable, disgusting, nasty :
ukutya kuyalumeza, the food is gritty (setting
the teeth on edge).
— Lumezisa, v. To inspire fear, disgust,
aversion, horror: inyoka iyandilumezisa,
the snake horrifies me.
uku-LUMKA, V. i. To be careful, circum-
spect, prudent, wise; to be wary: lumka!
take care! look out! ndilumkile, I have
experience, I am wise.
i-Lumko, w. 2.
isi-Lumko, n. 4.
dent, cute person; amalumko has a bad
meaning.
ubu-Lumko, n. 4. Caution, experience,
wisdom ; prudence.
uku-Lumkela, v. pass, lunyukelwa. To
care for; to beware of a person or thing;
to be wise for, unto, etc. : zilumkele unga-
tet'i nto imbl, take heed that you speak no
evil; ulowo ebezilumkele ngokwake, every-
one looked out for himself; nditanda indlu
apo ulunyukelwe kbna umpefumlo watn,
I like the house where my soul is taken
care of.
A wise, cautious pru-
LU
— Lumkisa, v. pass, lunyiikisiva. (a) To
make wise; to improve in understanding;
to teach wisdom, to instruct: lomntii
iiliinyukiswe ndim, that person is instructed
by me. (b) To warn of danger ; to put
one upon his guard, (c) To make wise
by (bitter) experience, i.e. to cheat,
outwit, overreach, by giving one less
than his share or by keeping back what
another has a right to; to put to dis-
advantage by deceiving : iikuze singalunyii-
kim'a iiguye, lest he should get an advan-
tage over us. (d) To ill-use, ill-treat.
isi-Lumkiso, n. 4. Warning.
uku-Lumkisela, v. To make wise for a
purpose: izibalo ezingcwele zinako ukitkit-
limikisela elusindisweni, the Holy Scrip-
tures are able to make thee wise unto
salvation.
uku-Lumla, v. t. pass, lunyulwa. To wean:
lunila iimntwana ebeleni, remove the child
from the breast; refl. to deny oneself of
any indulgence: uyasiluinla kwizono, he
weans himself from, i.e. withdraws from, sin.
i-Lunda, //. 2. The hump on the neck of an
ox by which it pulls in the yoke, and which
is brought to the chief when the ox is
slaughtered; fig. ambition, covetousness of
honour: utweswe ilunda, he is proud. PI.
amahmda, impertinence.
um-Lunda, n. 6. = i-Luttda.
Lunga, 7. verb. prcf. of potent, mood 5 cl.
sing. : ufefe liuigafika, sympathy may come.
2. Aux. of condit. mood, see Lunge (2).
3. Pres. tense, etc., of uku-Nga (a) and fbj.
4. Neg. verb. pre/. 5. cl. sing, (a) of
dependent sentences: tandaza tiknze titando
Iwake lungapeli, pray that his love may
not have an end. (b) in relative sentences:
usizi olungateiekiyo, unspeakable sympathy,
(c) Before ka, ko and 71a, lunga becomes
Imige: kuko iibumnyama xa \ungekdyo iitando,
there is darkness when no love is present;
abakanga \\xn%Qkabxkb udaka, they did not
build before the mortar was there; ukolo
olungenamandla, powerless faith.
Lunge, I. Neg. verb. pre/. 5 cl. sing. Potent,
mood, contrac. from alunge: ukolo lunge-
ciityiva, faith may not be quenched.
2. aux. of condit. mood: lunge-(Iunga-)
or ngelubonis^va ufefe, sympathetic feeling
should or ought to be shown.
uku-Lunga, v. i. (a) To be good, right, be-
coming, with a wide range of meaning:
kuluugile, it is right; amadoda alungileyo,
good men; abantu abalunge kakulu, very
222
LU
good men; iziinvu zilunga ukutl zibe no-
tnalusi, sheep must have a shepherd.
n. 8. Goodness, good quality.
(b) To be parallel or alongside of: indlu
ilunge naleyo, the house is parallel with that
one; tilunge nam, he stands right with me,
he is on my side, of my party.
(c) To belong to: lento ilunge kum, this
thing belongs to me ; ndinike intpahla ezilunge
nam, give me the things which belong to
me ; ilizive lilunge pantsi kwelanga kanye, the
land lies just under the sun.
(d) To be prepared or ready: sendilungile,
I am prepared or ready; ayikalungi, it is
not yet ready.
i-Lunga, n. 2. A just person.
isi- Lunga, n. 4. The share or portion which
belongs to one by family right.
ubu-Lunga, n 7. A small portion of hair
plucked from the tail-brush of cattle,
(signifying a state of right, property, or
owner-ship in these cattle). It is fastened
round the necks or arms of young people,
especially of a girl suffering from heart-
sickness and baffling the efforts of her
friends to cure her. The ubulunga is
intended to cheer her by making her an
owner of cattle, and it is believed to
ward off calamity from the wearer.
Inkomo yohulunga, the cow or heifer given
to a woman by her people as a kind of
dowry ; it is held sacred, and may not be
taken, nor even confiscated by the chief;
into yobulunga, something with which a
man decides to part, on being asked for it.
uku-Lungeka, v. To become right, use-
ful ; to come into the right state or con-
dition; (this form is seldom used).
— Lungela, v. (a) To be right, good,
fit, ready, etc., for: useulungele-na uku-
Ai3;«&a.? are you ready to go? into indilu-
ngele, the thing is good for me, i.e.
pleases me ; ayisalimgele nto, it is good for
nothing; balungelwe ukubulawa, it is their
due, i.e. they deserve to, or should be
killed; wakuhmgelwa, when it shall be
well with thee ; 7igeku7nlungele ukuba ebe-
ngazalwanga lomntwana, good were it for
that child, if it had never been born.
(b) To be better: ubulungele ukuza,
it would have been better for you to
come; ukulungelwa kwako, you are better
off, i.e. you have an advantage.
i-Lungelo, n. 2. A good-for, advantage,
claim, privilege: amalungelo am, my
privileges; w^xjHSrt lungelo linjanina? what
advantage did he have ?
LU
uku-Lungelana, v. To reciprocate good
and kind acts towards eacli other;
correspond with; to be congruous; to
agree: hwgelana nokumangalelayo, agree
with thine adversary; haluvgelene naye,
they agree with him, unite with him;
nmazwi abo alungeletie, their words agree
together.
isi-Lungelano, n. 4. Accord, agreement,
harmony.
uku-Lungelela, v. To be good or fit for:
lento iya kuhmgeleJa kwa tina, this shall be
for our good.
— Lungelelana, v. To be parallel to each
other; to be abreast or side by side with
each other; to correspond to each other;
to be equally straight, right, good, etc.:
imisebenzi yabo ilungelelene, their work is
equally good; ayilungelelene iniloko yoke,
his head was not right, i.e. he was out of
his mind.
u-Lungelelwano, w. 5. Equity, sincerity,
uprightness.
uku-LungelelanJsa. v. To make even;
to make straight with each other.
— Lungelelanisela, v. To make level for.
— Lungelelisa, v. To make equal,
parallel, even, level, smooth; to give an
account of: kutula u?tihlaba apa uluvgeleli-
se indawo leyo, take away the soil from
here, and make that place even.
— Lungisa, v. To do good, right, justice ;
to rectify, mend, repair, arrange; to
make ready; to equip, reward: ndilungise,
give me what is my right or due, i.e.
reward me, give me my payment.
um-Lungisi, n. I. One who mends or
makes right.
i-Lungisa, n. 2. A righteous person.
isi-Lungisa, n. 4. A right action; right-
eousness, (very seldom used.)
u-Lungiso, n. 5. Putting right, refoi-ming.
ubu-Lungisa, n. 7. Goodness, rectitude,
straightforwardness, righteousness.
uku-Lungisana, v. To do right to each
other; to reform each other; to settle
an affair amicably by mutual consent.
— Lungiseia, v. To do right for, prepare
for: sisalungisela ukuhamba, we are still
preparing for a journey. ^
u-Lungiselo, n. 5. Gain, profit.
uku-Lungiselela, v. To transact or per-
form a business properly for another;
to be ready to serve others : wolilungise-
lela kuyc ilizwi lam, you must carry my
word over to him correctly ; uyazilungi-
LU
selela, he makes himself ready to serve
others.
um-Luiigiseleli, n. I. Lit. One who
arranges or prepares, one ready to serve
others; a deacon.
(It must not be confounded with timkonzi.
Jacob was an umk-onzi to Laban, but Martha an
iimlungitehli to Jesus.)
isi-LungJselelo, n. 4 andu-Lungiselelo,
n. 5. Preparation.
ubu-Lungiseleli, n. 7. Ministry.
uku-Lungiselelana v. To minister to one
another.
i-Lunga, n. 2. An animal with large white
spots or patches on a black skin, or black
spots on a white body: inkabi elunga, a
black and white ox ; fem. ilungakazi, a black
and white cow.
i-Lunga-!egwaba, n. 2. The Black-crested
cuckoo, Clamator s&xxa.X.us(Sparr}n.). The
name is also applied to the Black-and-
grey cuckoo, CI. jacobinus hypopinarus
(Cab. and Heine) and to the Lesser Puff-
back Shrike, Dryoscopus cubla (Shaw).
Kafirs say that v/here the Black-and-grey
Cuckoo is plentiful, there is always
milk, i.e. because of goodpasturage.
Lunge, see under Lunga.
um-Lungu, n. I. plur. abelungu. A white
European; fem. umliingiikazi contracted
into umlnmkazi. Owing to the awe
which the white man once inspired, the
mlungu became and still remains the
'bogey-man' of Kafir children. Mothers
frighten their children and enforce obedi-
ence by such phrases as nank' umhingii esiza
or wafa ttgtnnlungn, or by looking out of
the hut and calling yiza mlungu. The
primary meaning is very doubtful; the
derivation attributed to Ntsikana (ugumntu
onwele zifana nobulunga) refers to the long,
fine hair so different from that of the
natives; another derivation (from uku~
Lunga) would make the word equivalent
to ' a good person.' It is doubtful if there is
any ground for either of these derivations.
isi-Lungu, n. 4. White, civilized people.
um-Lungu onendevu, n. I. A bearded
fish, a barbel.
i-Lungu, n. 2. A knot or joint of reed, cane
or grass; a joint, limb, member of the
body: ilungu lomnwe, a fingerjoint; fig. a
member of a society: ilungu lebandla, a
member of the church or congregation.
Dimin. ilungwana, a small joint; ilungwana
lenyama, a small piece of meat; fig. a
part of a speech.
ubu-Lungu, n. 7. Membership.
223
LU
isi-Lungulela, «. 4. Acidity in the stomach
heart-burn, indigestion.
um-Lungu-mabele, «. 6. Knob wood, = mw-
Nungu-mabcle.
uku-Lunguza, v. t. To stretch or bend the
head towards some object; to peep, look
out closely, sharply, anxiously for some-
thing; fig. to visit a sick person in order to
show him sympathy.
— Lunguzisa v. To cause to look, etc.
indlala yamlutigiizisa ubutyakala baki,
dearth made him look to his ignorance.
um-Luvuluvu, n. 6. The wild peach or
Natal mahogany, Kiggelaria africana Z-.; =
um-Veti.
Lwa, (a) Poss. particle 5 cl. sing. : utando
Iwe-ttdoda-utando Iiva-iiidoda, the love of
the man. (b) Pron. suhj. of the aorist 5 cl.
sing: tiliiti Iwagotyiva, the switch was bent.
uku-Lwa, V. t. pass. liwa. To contend in
conflict; to make a disturbance; to fight :
ndize tikulwa nawe, I have come to fight
with you ; to struggle, resist : walwa noyise,
he struggled against, resisted his father ; to
be angry or in wrath ; to make war, fight a
battle: kwaliira, fighting took place; kube
ktiliwe, there had been a battle. Phr.
Balwa ngezinto zendlu yabo, euphem. they
quarrel about conjugal rights.
um-Lwi, «. I. A quarreller, fighter.
u-Liwo and ulu-Lo, n. 5. Attack, fight.
uku-Lwana, v. To fight with one another,
or together with others for a common
cause.
— Lwela, V. To fight for: uzilwela yena,
he fights for himself.
— Lwelana, v. To fight for each other;
to be confederate in war.
— Lwisa, V. To put one up for fighting;
to help to fight.
um-Lwisi, ;/. i. One who assists in fight-
ing; a fellow-soldier.
ukuti-Lwa, Lwe and Lwi, v. t. (a) To
drop a little thing into the water, or into a
pot; or to throw it into the mouth, (b)
To catch one running; to snatch, stop,
hinder in passing.
i-Lwabi, «. 2. A robber; one who takes and
swallows up everything.
Lwabo, Poss. pron. (a) I cl. pi. ref. to 5 cl.
sing. Their: utando livabo fabantu), their
(the people's) love, (b) 7 cl. ref. to 5 cl. sing.
Its: tihamho lwabo inbukumkani), its (the
kingdom's) progress.
Lwake, Poss. pron. 3 p. sing. ref. to 5 cl. sing.
His: iifefe lwake, his sympathetic feeling,
224
LW
Lwak6, Poss. pron. (a) 2 p. sing. ref. to 5 cl. sing.
Thy: ukolo Iwako, thy faith, (b) 8 cl. ref. to 5
cl. sing. Its: ulwamvila Iwako, (ukufa), its
(death's) sting.
Lwaku, Temp, conjunctive 5 cl. sing.: Iwaku-
feketa usapo, when the children make sport.
ukuti-Lwale, v. t. To surround, detain un-
avoidably (fog, smoke); fig. abatiwe-lwale
liratshi, who are surrounded by a fog of
haughtiness, i.e. are puffed up.
Lwalo, Poss. pron. Its. (a) 2 cl. sing. ref. to 5
cl. sing. : ududumo lwalo (izulu), its (heaven's)
thunder, (b) 5 cl. sing. ref. to 5 cl. sing.:
ulilo lwalo (usana), its (the baby's) crying.
Lwalu, aux. 5 cl.sing. (contrac. homhvayelu) ;
see Lwaye.
uku Lwalwa, v. i. To lie or to stand next
to each other.
u-Lwalwa, n. 5. A flat, low rock in a
river bed or on a mountain, usually with
shallow indentations or holes in which
water gathers.
ubu-Lwalwa, «. 7. The flatness of a low,
thin rock.
uku-Lwalwisa, v. To join or place next to
each other, as the planks of a door or
table-top.
Lwam, Poss. pron. I p. sing. ref. to 5 cl. sing.
My : ukolo lwam, my belief.
ukuti-Lwambiilwambu, v. i. To eat very
quickly and greedily.
isi-Lwana, 71. 4. Dimin. of isi-Lo.
i-Lwandle, in-egular pi. of ulw-Andle. Sevis:
abclwandle, sailors.
Lwanga, Aorist of 5 cl. sing, of ukn-Nga (a)
and (b) and of ukw-Anga, which see.
u-Lwangulwangu, n. 5. A small army.
ubu-LwanguIvk'angu, n. 7. The remnant
of an army.
isi-Lwanyana, n. 4. Dimin. of isi-Lo.
Lwa-olo, Distrib. pron. 5 cl. sing. Everyone,
each.
Lwase, Poss. part. 5 cl. sing, used with
locatives: uhlanga Iwascmzini, a foreign
nation.
Lwaso, Poss. pron. 4 cl. sing., ref. to 5 cl. sing.
Its: ujuduko lwaso (isizwe), its (the tribe's)
removal.
ukuti-Lwasu, v. i. To get up, rise quickly
to go away.
i-LwasuIwasu, n. 2. That which is soft,
light, worn out, thread-bare.
Lwawo, Poss. pron. 'a) 6 cl. sing. ref. to 5
cl. sing. Its: uhlaza lwawo (utnti), its (the
tree's) greenness, (b) 2 cl. pi. ref. to 5 cl.
sing. Their: ukozo lwawo (amehlo), their
(the eyes') ball.
LW
Lwaye, aux. of compound tenses, 5 cl. sing. :
utando lwaye lungapeli, (contrac. into Iwalu),
love was not ending, or did not end.
Lwayo, Pass. pron. (a) 3 cl. sing. ref. to 5
cl. sing. Its: iitango lwayo (intsimi), its (the
garden's) fence, (b) 6 cl. pi. ref. to 5 cl.
sing. Their: udonga lwayo (imizi), their
(the villages') wall.
Lwaza, 5 cl. sing, past tense of uku-Za,
used idiomatically to introduce a further
statement. Then: hvaza Iwapila utando
Iwake, then his love came to an end; see
uku-Za.
Lwazo, Poss. pron. Their, (a) 3 cl. pi. ref.
to 5 cl. sing.: utando lwazo (intomhi),
their (the girls') love, (b) 4 cl. pi. ref. to 5
cl. sing.: udinilwazo (izitya), their (the vessels')
rim. (c) 5 cl. pi. ref. to 5 cl. sing.: ukolo
lwazo (intlanga) their (the nations') belief.
u-Lwelwe, n. 5. Infirmity, weakness.
um-Lwelwe, n. 6. An infirm, weak person j
one who continues in a state of sickness.
LW
ubu-Lweiwe, n. 7. A long-standing illness,
a chronic disease.
Lwenu, Poss. pron. 2. p. pi. ref. to 5 cl,
sing. Your: usapo lwenu, your family.
Lwetu, Poss. pron. I p. pi. ref. to 5 cl. sing.
Our: ufcfe lwetu, our sympathetic feeling.
u-Lwezi, n. I. Em, October or November;
from Zulu ulw-Ezi, = ama-T'enyoka, 'Snake-
spittle', the frothy patches on grass-stems
caused by the larva of a frog-hopper.
ukuti-Lwi, V. i. To come out a little (smoke) ;
see ukutt-Lwa.
uku-Lwilwiza, v. i. To move, as gelatine
moves ; = uku-Likizela.
u-Lwimi, «. 5- pl- ilwimi. The tongue; fig.
language: siyabeva bona beteta ngezakowetu
ilwimi, we hear them speaking in our
own tongues. Phr. utet' ulwimi, you speak
lies ; you wilfully violate the truth ; you
intend criminally to deceive ; unolwimi, lit.
you have a tongue, i.e. a lying one, you
tell lies ; lulwimi Iwam ! my tongue I I
nearly told a lie!
M
ly /fin Kafir, has the same labial sound as
^^^ in English. Before b, except when m
is preceded by u, it gives the b its expirated
sound; before a stem beginning with m, it
is sometimes elided in the prefix im -.
In the middle or at the end of stems of
nouns or verbs, it is subject to certain
euphonic changes in the locative case and
in the diminutive form of nouns and in the
passive voice of verbs, the labial consonant
being changed to a corresponding palatal,
(a) m becomes ny: umlomo, the mouth;
emloiiyeni, in the mouth; ndiyatuma, I am
sending ; ndiyaiunywa, I am sent. Some
nouns which do not take this change in the
locative case, as igama a name {egameni in
the name), take it in their diminutive form,
iganyana a little name ; inkomo a cow, inko-
nyana a calf.
When the m is followed in the active
voice by a suppressed u, a^ in verbs ending
in -nila or -mza, the u is restored in the
passive voice: ?idinqumla (contracted for
ndinqumula) I cut off; ndinqunyulwa I am cut
off; watyumza (for watyumaza) he crushed;
watyunyuzwa he was crushed.
DD
(b) mb' becomes nj: umlambo a river,
emlanjeni at the river and umlanjana a little
river; wabamba he caught, wabanjwa he
v/as caught.
(c) ntp becomes 7itsh : ubuhlwempu poverty,
ebuhhventshwini in poverty; ihlwempu a
poor person, ihlwentshana (dimin.) a poor
little thing.
M, I. Contracted form of the pers. pron. I.
p. sing, mna, I. It is (a) governed by
prepositions. Me : wateta hum, he spoke to
me ; wateta ngam, he spoke about me.
(b) used with the poss. particle. My:
amahashe am, my horses; ijitsimi yam, my
garden.
(c) used in forming the copula and to
express causal relationship: ndim, it is I;
lomntwana wabetwa nditn, this child was
beaten by me.
2. Pron. ohj. of I cl. sing : ndamtiima, I sent
him ; watnpeka lombona, he cooked this maize.
uku-MA, (ukw-Ima), v. t. and i. pass, miwa;
perf. tni with pres. signification, ndimi, I
am standing ; abbrev. rel. 2 cl. pi. amd or
emd, who or which stand ; absol. past atna
or ema, they stood; conjunc. past ama or
ema, and they stood ; short present dma or
hna, they stand ; imperat. yima.
225
MA
(a) To stand in an erect position; to
stand still, to stop: siik'ume, pi. suk'umani,
or more idiomatically, sukani nime, rise
and stand erect; yim'apo, remain where
you are ; wema njengentaha, he stood fixed,
unmoved, as a mountain ; 7idi>ni emnyango,
1 am standing at the door; valiseza ixego-
kazi amasi hUslio lahliita laza kuina vgomlomo,
he made the old woman drink sour milk
till she was full up to the mouth; iimhlahi
waki tide uyokuma nge-Ncibn, his ground
goes as far as the Kei. Phr. umhhibu nmi
kwangopote, the earth stands just the same
as ever; uknma tigobontsi, to stand on the
big toe, i.e. to deny point blank.
(b) To be stationed; to dv/ell, live, exist:
umi p'lnaf where do you live or dwell.'' to
inhabit, possess: ilizwe limiire vgaba-Tim,
the country is inhabited by Bushmen; ha-
yawumd lomzi, they inhabit, occupy, possess
this place; balimd ilizn-e, they possess the
land, (to be distinguished from balimd ilizwe,
they plough the land); balimd ngo-Daliwe,
they live on the Thorn river ; elilizwe limd
ngasehuandle, this country lies near or
borders on the sea ; fig. to be dependent on ;
to rely on: simi iigamaudla ako, we depend
upon or are upheld by thy strength.
«. 8. State, existence, condition, quality,
duration: nkuma kwehlabati, the state of the
world.
The short imperative form 7na is used as
aux. prefixed to the subjunctive, with
hortative or imperative meaning, the idea
being, 'stand aside and do not prevent':
mandibale, let me write; mautdiide. do thou
love ; masihambe, let us go ; nditeta lomsebenzi
emasiwusebenze, I speak of this work which
we must work ; mnyibe iyaziwa lento, surely
this thing is known. In the I cl. sing, and
2 cl. pi. k is usually inserted: makahambe,
shortened mahambe, let him go; makoyike
or moyike, let him fear. Personified nouns
are sometimes formed from these hortative
forms, e.g. u-Masipumle.
um-Mi, w. I. pi. libemi. An inhabitant.
i-Mo, M. 3. Abode, state, condition, habit,
humour, temper: tikuhdileka kwemo, lost
state, loss of status.
isi-Mo, «. 4. Standing, rank, relative
position: isimo snke yinkosi, his rank is
that of a chief; form, shape; quality,
disposition.
ubu-Me, n. 7. Condition; state, form;
standing, relative position to anothsr,
rank: iisebumini amdale kubo, he is in the
MA
condition in which he created him; wath-
hata ubume bomkonzi, he took the form of
a servant.
ubu-Mo, n. 7. Dwelling.
isi- Ma-kade, n. 4. A fixed object, such
as an antheap, a rock, or a large bush; a
fixture.
isi-Ma-mhlaba, n. 4. A landowner.
u-Ma-mlanib6, n. l. A snake which is
said to eat the intestines of people, but
whic!; leaves those who are hollow.
isi-Ma-n-.zi, n. 4. A citizen.
isi-Ma-ylls, ?/. 4. One standing alone,
deserted.
uku-Mana, v, To stand next to each
other. Used as an aux., followed by inf.
or participle, in the sense of continuing
to do a thing: iman' isiti, it keeps on
doing this; ndinian' ukuteta, I continue
speaking, or I often speak; bebemana be-
tanda, they continued to love.
It is also used as a kind of optative:
vgamana (contrac. from ivanga iingamana)
ivasinceda! O that thou wouldst (continue
to) help us! ngamana kwaba ttjalo! O
that it may (continue to) be sol
— Manamana, v. To be able to bear
comparison with any other of the same
kind.
— Meka, «. 8. The being or substance of
a person or thing: ukiimeka kuka-Tixo, the
being of God.
i-Meko, H. 2. ") / ^ Essential quality, con-
isi-Meko, M. 4.J ^
stitution of any person or thing: izimeko
zika-Tixo, the attributes of God. (b) A
condition under which anything is done
or held.
uku-Mela, v. fa) To stand at a place or
for a purpose, or instead of another
person as witness, godfather, surety:
nimele-7tina nondele eziilwini? why stand
ye looking into heaven ? wnmela ukuteta,
he stood for the purpose of speaking;
tmele mgama, he stood far off; wena usa-
limele mgama ilizwi lika-Tixo, thou who
art still standing far from the word of
God; ehemele kttfnp'i, he stood near;
ndimele em dyaJeni, be security for me in
the court ; kaumele iimntwana wam, kindly
be godfather to my child ; to test : ufuim
uhmcla utando Iwabo, he is seeking to
test their love; fig. to bear, endure:
timele inxano, he endured thirst; yimele!
wait for it ! ndizimcla, I stand for myself,
defend myself; of the after birth, to
MA
delay; pass, to be represented, as in
Parliament.
(b) To stand against, withstand, oppose,
defy, importune, urge: undunele nga-
ni-na ? why do you importune me ?
Idiomatic in passive : leqiya imelwe yinto-
nina f lit. this handkerchief is stood for
by what 1 i.e. what is wanted for it ? what
is the price of it .? isono simelwa kukiifa,
sin is worthy of, i.e. paid or punished
by, death.
(c) As aux. expressing "must": zonke
ezonto zimele ukuhla, these things must
needs come to pass; ndhnelwe knkuba or
kukutt ndizenze ezonto, I must do these
things.
ura-Meli, n. I. A representative : ummeli
woxolo, a surety for keeping the peace ; a
godfather ; an opposer.
u-Melo, n. 5. Surety.
uku-Melana, v. (a) To stand next or near
to each other, i.e. to be neighbours : sime-
lene nabo, we dwell, live next to them ;
elalizwe limelene neli, that country lies near
to this, (b) To stand in a defiant posture,
to be against or opposed to each other:
ndimelene naye, I am opposed to him.
um-Melani, n. I. An opponent.
u-Meleni, n. I. A rogue, marauder, robber,
um-y>Jelwane, n. I. A neighbour ; j<;«;«^-
Iwanekazi, a female neighbour.
u-Melwane, n. 5. Neighbourhood.
ubu-Melwane, ;/. 7. Neighbourliness.
uku-Mlsa, V. To cause to stand; to set,
plant, fix, put in an erect posture : yimise
ibokisi, put the box on its bottom, with
the opening uppermost; kwamisiva ama-
tye emideni yomhlaba wake, beacons were
erected on the boundaries of his farm;
rnisa udonga, set or build up a wall;
mis' apa, stop or stand firm here; to
make to stand, i.e. to stop: misa inqwelo
apa, make the wagon stand here; Em.
vmtshato wmniswa, the wedding was stop-
ped or delayed (owing to some difficulty) ;
wazimisa enyameni, he aimed at the mark
(bull's-eye); fig. to institute, appoint,
ordain: ukumisa inkosi, to institute a
chief; ngomhla omisiweyo, on the appoint-
ed day ; to establish, confirm : ilizwi lam
ndiya kuUmtsa, I will establish my word ;
misa inkabi yam, lit. make my bullock
stand i.e. alive; restore, redeem my
bullock, (said to a man, to whom an ox
has been lent and through whose negli-
gence it has been lost or injured).
227
MA
Phr. misa inyaivo, set your feet firm,
stand to what you have said.
um-Misi, n. I. One who decrees.
isi-Miso, n. 4. A pillar; statute, institution.
um-Miso, H. 6. Base, foot, stand ; an ordi-
nance.
uku-Mlsela, v. To set, fix, put, etc. for:
kwamiselwa ama-Xosa inkosi, a chief was
appointed for the Kafirs; wazimisela
lonkoiizo, he offered himself for that
service; fig, to allot a child of a prolific
woman to one who has no children; to
restore, compensate, redeem, ransom:
makayimisele inkomo ngenkomo, he shall pay
ox for ox; mukazimiscle (izita) oivupembi-
leyo umlilo, let him that kindled the fire
make restitution (for the burnt sheaves) ;
to edify by preaching ; to give a barren
woman medicine.
iSSi?o,V6.1 That which is ordained
or instituted; ordinance, statute, com-
mand.
uku-Miselana, v. followed by na. To
stand up to one another, to match:
akanakb ukmniselana nawe, he is no
match for you (e.g. in working or in
speaking); amazwi ake amiselene, his
words are substantiated.
— Miseleka, v. Ilizwi elimiselekileyo, a
word that has stood the test.
•Ma, compound prefix of cl, I, formed by
prefixing the short form of the prefix of
cl, I sing, to the prefix of cl. 2 pi. Nouns so
formed have a collective meaning and
may be regarded as personified nouns.
The question may well be raised regarding
the advisability of distributing the nouns
beginning with this compound prefix
according to the first letter following the
compound prefix, e.g. uma-Qungqu
instead of u-Magungqu. Meantime these
words are gathered together here; cf. u-
No and u-So.
The cl. 2 pi. prefix is also used in its
contracted form ma in forming a number
of adverbs, e.g. jfialunga, matanci, maxa.
u-Mabonwabulawe, n. i. lit. things seen
that they may be destroyed (Baca).
Burrweed, Xanthium spinosum L.
u Mabope, n. l. from ama-Bope. (a) Any
climbing plant, such as a vine that
holds fast by intertwining, (b) Acridocar-
pus natalitius A. fuss, (c) State of being
mixed up pell-mell with the enemy in
MA
war. (d) A magical knot ; a charm by
v/hich one is bound and rendered incap-
able of carrying out his plans: siyaktikiizela
ebuninzini bomabope bakd, they shall come
upon thee in the abundance of thy
enchantments; zekiingafiuiyanwa kutii
obopa ngomabop^, there shall not be found
among you a charmer.
u-Mabulwane, n. I. Worth, value: ishito
ezingumabuhmne, things which every one
values and speaks of.
u-Madikazi, n. I. Em. lit. widows. The
month of August.
u-MadoIwana, n. I. lit. little knees. A
kind of grass, Chloris compressa B.C.,
whose roots are boiled and used as
medicine for cold, cough and rheumatism.
u-Mafungwashe, n. l. from uku-Fuitga.
The elder sister by whom one swears.
u-Magungqu, w. l. = i-Gungqu. A small
vole-like mammal of the genus Otomys.
u-Magxa, ;/. I. lit. shoulders. A gin bottle,
so called from its high, square shoulders.
u-Magxwa!a, ?/. l. see ama-Gxirala. Maize
turning reddish-brown and ready to be
reaped.
u Mahamba-ngendlwana, n. I. Safety
matches, because they must go with the
box.
u-Majajana, «. I. from i-Jaja. One be-
spattered with blood.
u-Mangange, n. i . The Almighty.
u-Manqindi, w. l. from uku-Nqinda. Satan.
u-Maiitebentebana, «. i. lit. the little
hoverer. The name for the kestrel in
Griqualand East.
u-Mafau, w. i. lit. nettles. The African
hedgehog, Erinaceus frontalis A. Sm.
u-MasasauIi, n. l. = ama-Sasauli. Spread-
ing branches (either green or dry) : lomt'i
umasebe amasasaiili, this tree whose
branches spread ; brushwood.
u-Mashwilishwili. n. I. Plumbago, Plum-
bago capensis Thun.; = umti wamadoda.
u-Masibele, n. I. A kind of tree, Sapindus
oblongifolius Sond.
u-Masinana, n. I. lit. gums. A bull-dog.
u-Maswana, n. l.lit. AWtXlehloh of amasi.
The Lesser puffback shrike, Dryoscopus
cubia (Shaw), so called in allusion to the
white rump-feathers which the bird can
puff up at will.
u-Matunga, w. i. Generic name for plants
used for inserting in cuts (see Qapula\
and in cases of broken limbs, sprains, etc.
u-Matupa, «. I. lit. buds. The month of
August.
MA
u-Mazantsana, n. i. lit. small lower parts.
A person whose legs appear too short
for his body ; fig. incorrect words put by
children between the words of songs;
a parody.
u-Ma, «. I. Em. u-Ma. My or our mother; hw.'
exclamation of wonder or grief, used also
in swearing by the mother or sister: bateta
ngezakomaimbo inteto, they spoke in their
own mother tongue.
u-Makazi, v. i. My aunt, my mother's
sister.
u-Makulu, n. I. My grandmother. In old
Kafir, used also for grandfather; if a
distinction had to be made, he was called
vmakulu osidoda.
u-Malume, ?i. l. My maternal uncle, my
mother's elder brother, who becomes
after the death of my mother's father
the possessor of his married sister's
dowry and protector of her children.
The children only call him by this name.
Mawo 1 ixterj. of astonishment. Wonder-
ful! prodigious! strange! of sorrow:
iiiawo, nmntivanain ! alas, my child ! or of
depreciation: "is that all you can do?"
u-Mawokulu, ;/. I. My grandfather; pi.
omawokulu, ancestors.
u-Mawolume, n. l. My maternal uncle =
li-Malume: u-Dyosi vgtanawolum» or ngii-
viahime, Dyosi is my mother's brother.
u-Maham, n. I. A weed with a yellow flower.
isi-Mahla, w. 4. used as adv. Gratis, without
payment : tidihleli isimahla apa, I live here
without being charged anything; ndikunika
Icnlo ngcshnahla, I am giving you this freely ;
ngowesine umnyaka isimahla, during the
fourth year (e.g. at school), without cost.
i-Maka, «. 3. The women's portion of meat.
isi-Maka, n. 4. Food that is tasteless ; foolish
talk : iputnile isimak •, she talks without
caring what she says, she is exceedingly
rude ; = i-Jav:ijavu.
isi-Ma-kade, see under uku-Ma.
u-Makakaka, n. I. A professor.
ukuti-Makata, v. i. To be astonished.
isi-Makata, n. 4. Wonder, astonishment.
uku-Makatisa, v. To astonish.
i-MALI, n. 3. Money, price, value; dimin.
imalanana, a little piece of money; from
Eng. money.
u Malume, n. i. See under u-Ma.
Malunga, prep, and adv. In reference to, in
respect of, about: malunga pakatt, just in-
side; ngokumalimga e-Node, about or in the
North; cf. uku-Lunga and its derivatives.
228
•MA
Malungana, and Malungela, prep. Parallel
with: malungana tiendlu yam, opposite my
house; malungana nelixa, about this hour;
indlu yam imalungela nentaba, my house is
in a line with the mountain.
uku-Mamaniseka, v. i. To be in consterna-
tion, n. 8. Consternation. (Perhaps contract-
ed from mangamanganiseka, from ukut'i-
Mangu),
i-Mamba, n. 3. The deadly mamba, Den-
draspis angusticeps (Smith).
i-Mambane, n. 2. Jokingly used for in-
Dodana.
' Mamel interj. (a) of surprise. Hallo! (b) of
grief. O mother! (Zulu).
uku-Mameka, v. t. To carry a child or a
grownup person on one's hdiCk; = uku-
Memeka.
uku-Mamela, ^. i. To listen secretly; to
listen to a sound heard indistinctly: zimame-
leni intnka, listen to the birds (singing).
isi Ma-mhlaba and u Ma mlambd, see
under uku-Ma.
ukiiti-Mamnge, v. i. To be forsaken, desert-
ed; to be an orphan.
Mamol interj. = Mame!
isi-Ma mzi, see under nku-Ma.
u-Mana, n. I. Em. A son: umana ka-Mtili,
Mtili's son ; cf. u-Nyana, with interchange
of m and ny.
Mandi, Em. =Mnandt.
ubu-Mandi, 'Eva.. — ubu-Miiandi.
um-MandIa, n. 6. The environs, surrounding
district ; a region, tract of land, division,
Mandundu, adj. expressing a stronger de-
gree; worse (of sickness), more violent (of
the wind) ; umnla ofayo umandundu, -the sick
person is worse; itmoya umandundu, the
wind is getting stronger.
u-Maneli, n. I. A term of respect for a
missionary, fr. Du. mijnheer.
ukuti-MANQA, v. i.=uku-Mangala.
ffilKHiamanga, } «• 4- Something
causing wonder, as out of the ordinary
course of events, or unusual in a person's
conduct: ndinesimangamanga, I am sur-
prised; phenomenon, omen of ill luck; cf.
isi-Helegu and um-Mangaliso.
uku-Mangala, v. i. To be startled, amazed ;
to start back : ihashe liyamangala, the
horse is startled ; fig. umangele ngenduba,
he wondered at the news; to object,
contradict, oppose; to be obstinate, not
yielding to reason : wamangula nalanto, he
refused to give up that thing ; to lodge a
complaint, or bring an action at law.
Objection, contra-
Ma
isi-Mangalo, n. 4.
um-Mangalo, n. 6.
diction, complaint.
uku-Mangaleia, v. To stand before a
chief and exclaim ndimangele ! I am sur-
prised or taken aback by So-and-so's
conduct ! To complain of the conduct of
another; to accuse a person of a crime
or misdemeanour: mnangalehoe ngubani?
who accuses you? to commence a law-
suit against another: ndiya kiikumangale-
la e-ofisini, I shall bring you into court.
um-Mangaleli, n. l. A litigant, complain-
ant, plaintiff; one who lays information
or institutes proceedings at law against
another ; = u-Ndimangele.
um-Mangalelwa, n. i. The defendant or
accused.
uku-Mangalelana, v. To accuse mutually.
isi-Mangalelwano, n. 4. Mutual lawsuit.
uku-Mangaleleka, v. To be reprovable,
accusable : ukme ningabi nakamangaleleka,
that ye may be irreprovable.
— Mangalisa, v. To startle, astonish; to
cause wonder and astonishment: into
emangalisayo, a wonderful thing.
um-Mangaliso, n. 6. That which causes
amazement, surprise, wonder; a miracle;
anything which astonishes or is beyond
comprehension.
bu-Mangalisofa, adj. Wonderful.
uku-Mangallsana, v. To astonish one
another.
— Mangaliseka, v. To be an astonishment,
to be wondered at,
— Mangalislsa, v. To make astonished.
isi-.Mangala, n. 4. A hired manslayer.
um-Mango, n. 6. A ridge of land, a hillside
or mountain-slope; loc. emmangweni. Phr.
azidli mmangweni mnye, they do not eat on
the same ridge, i.e. they have no dealings
, with each other.
u-Manka, n. l. A difficult matter ; something
too hard to be answered.
Manqanci andManqanji, adv. Before, first,
sooner than others: wafika manqanci, he
was the first to arrive.
isi-Mantshlyane, n. 4. from ama-Ntshiyane.
Lamentation: walila esimantshiyane, he
made a great lamentation ; = isijwili.
u-Mantyi, n. I. and i-MANTYI, n. 3. A
magistrate, fr. Du. magistraat or Eng.
magistrate.
uku-MANYA, v. t. To unite in one; to splice
two pieces of wood; to weld two pieces of
iron; to unite ii couple in marriage: **#
MA
uT'ixo akiimanyileyo maknngahlulwa mntu,
what God has joined together, let no man
put asunder.
— Manyana, v. To unite with one another:
b'lmanyami bohabini, they joined together
with one another.
u-Manyano, n. 5. Union, combination,
association.
uku-Manyanisa, v. To cause to join.
isi-Manyaniso, n. 4. A joint.
u-Manyeko, n. 5. Union (in a passive
sense).
uku-Manyela, v. To bind one thing to
another.
uku-Manyalaza, v. i. To writhe with pain.
uku-Manyanga, v. t. To roll up (a mat,
carpet) and tie fast.
Manzi, adj. Wet, damp: inyawo zam zimanzi,
my feet are damp; cf. am-Anzi.
ubu-Manzi, n. 7. Wetness, dampness,
moisture.
ukutl-Masi, v. i. To be mentally deficient,
shewing no interest in current events; to be
forgetful : ndisuke ndat'i-rrmsi, I was forgetful.
i-Masi, n. 3. A beclouded understanding,
mental deficiency; forgetfulness of mind,
indifference : ndiyenze lento ngemasi, I did
this unthinkingly: nnemasi, one who is
sent to do or say something, or one who
intends to steal, and forgets to do so.
(perhaps fr. Eng. mistake).
u -Masipumie, «. i. lit. let us rest. The
third room or bed in the girls' game u-No-
cweba (or Notu-ayisi); u-Masipiimle pezulu
is the name of another bed in the same
game.
i-MASISI, n. 3. Measles ; Du. maselen.
uku-MAT'A, V. i. To be stupid, silly, spirit-
less: umntu oiitliziyo imatileyo, an indolent,
spiritless person, n. 8. Foolishness.
i-Mata, n. 2, isi Mata, n. 4, and isi-Matane,
w. 4. A silly, stupid person : usisimntane ,
he is a spiritless person.
uku-Matela, v. To be stupid in respect to :
uyimatele lento, he cannot comprehend this
thing.
— Matisa, v. To make stupid, stupefy.
Matanci, adv. First; see i Tanci.
u-Matebenqa, n. i. The eldest, greatly
beloved daughter.
u-Mateloshe, n. I. A sailor; Du. matroos.
uku-Matsha, v. i. To be indolent.
ukuti Matsha, and Matshamatsha, and
uku-Matsheka, v. i. To be sad, cast
down, as shewn in the countenance and by
inability to speak: lomnixi umatshekile kune-
330
MA
■ne, this person is very sad; used also
abusively: uhleka-ni? matsheke! what are
you laughing at.' you will rue it!
isi-MAUSI, n. 4. A wandering trader; the
sale of meat; Du. smous, a wanderi.ig
pedlar.
Mawo, u-MawokuIu. and u Mawolume,
see under u Ma.
Maxa, maxenikweni, conj. When; see i-Xa.
Maxeshikweni, maxeshenikweni, conj.
When ; see i-Xesha.
uku Mayana, v. i. Of rain, to begin lightly
and get gradually heavier; ^g.: kwanga kii^
mayana, kanti hayi, at first he was despised,
but afterwards he became great; wateta
kwanga hunayana, he spoke apparently
little, yet it came to much ; ivenza kwanga
hunayana, he seemed unable to do anything,
yet he succeeded.
isi-Mayamayana, n. 4. A mute specta-
tor who has nothing to do ; used as adj.
Dumb from terror or sorrow.
uku-Mayamayaza, r. To be at a loss,
confused, so as to be unable to give an
answer or explain an action.
Maye! Em. interj. of pain and sorrow.
Alas! Oh my! wakala watt, Maye! he cried
out (when beaten). Oh I
Mayela, prep. Near to, in a certain local-
ity, about such a place, thereabouts: ma-
yela nokufa, near death; indlu yam imayela
naleyo kabawo, my house is near to, in the
same locality as, my father's; in reference
or in respect to, about: mayela kumawaka
amatatii, about three thousand ; = Tl/a/w-
ngaiia.
i-MAYlLE, n. 3. A mile, from Eng.
isi Ma-yile, see under uku-Ma.
i-Mazi, 71. 3. A female animal of any kind,
commonly a cow: imazi etnasu mane, a cow
that has calved four times ; imazi yohlobo, a
choice cow; imazi yezim, a female can-
nibal ; dimin. imazana, a little cow.
ubu-Mazi, n. 7. The state, age, quality of a
female animal.
ukuti-Mba, v. t. To heap up fuel in kindling
a fire.
ukutina-Mba, v. Fig. to be joined.
uku-MB'A, (uku-Mflba), v. t. pass, mbiwa.
abbrev. rel., amadoda ambd or embd, the
men who dig; absol. past: atnba or
emba they dug; conj. past: amba or emha
and they dug; short pres.: dmba or emba,
they dig. To dig (holes); to excavate:
wemba umtombo, he dug a well; to dig up
MB
that which is in the ground : yimba amatapi-
le, dig up the potatoes. Phr. indod' imba
kweny' eqdlo, lit. one man digs on another
man's back, i.e. he becomes rich at the
expense of others.
um-Mbi, n. I. plur. abemhi. A digger.
i-Mbiwa, n. 3. A species of wild spinach
growing exuberantly in old cattle kraals;
weeds which are dug out and eaten in times
of scarcity; imbtn-a yaba-Twa, a garden-
weed resembling imbiwa.
uku-Mbeka, v. To be dug: umnxiima umbi-
kile, the hole is dug ; to be fit for digging :
umhlaba awumheki, the ground does not
dig well, i.e. it is hard; of roads, to be
washed out by rain.
— Mbela, v. To dig for or in a certain place :
simbele igolidt, we are digging for gold ;
fig. to torture a person accused of witch-
craft: lendoda yamhehca, this man was tor-
tured (by having hot stones and black ants
put on his naked body) ; see is-Apompdlo.
um-Mbelwa, n. i. The person who is de-
clared to have hidden a charm, or who
is tortured for witchcraft.
um-Mbeio, n. 6. The act of torturing.
i-Mbabala, m. 3. The bushbuck; = »/«-5a&<a/a.
i-Mbalafa, n. 3. == im-Balam..
i-Mbali, «. Z. = im-Bali.
Mbalwa, adj. Few ; from ukuBdla.
i-Mbambalala, n. 3. A big, stout person.
uku-Mbambalala, v. i. To be buried with
great honour and ceremon3^
uku-Mbambazela, v. t. To pat a child to
make it sleep; to strike the breast with
open hands, as in joyous surprise, or in
lamentation, when one is in danger or
calamity, e.g. when one is carried away by
a river; to cry hard, loudly; of a bird, to
flutter and cry anxiously when its young
ones are snatched away by a bird of prey.
u Mbambazelo, n. 5. Lamentation, mourn-
ing.
uku-Mbambazelela, v. To mourn for.
uku-Mbambisa, v. i. To take leave, bid
farewell.
— Mbambisela, v. To give greetings,
compliments to : ndimbambisele kuye or yena,
give my compliments to him.
ama-Mbamfamba, n. 2. pi. tJroundless argu-
ments.
uku-Mbandaza, v. i. To speak with some
uncertainty or awkwardness.
i-Mbande, n. 3. The shin-bone, etc; = m-
Bande.
23
MB
ukuti-Mbandiakanya, v. i. To sound forth,
make itself heard ; to meet or come upon
one suddenly, e.g. a friend who has been
away for a long time.
i-MbaqoIo, n. 3. • Any very bitter thing.
i-Mbafa, n. 3. Beer-selling.
uku-Mbaraza, v. t. To fight, give blows,
boxes or slaps on the ear with the fist; to
thump with the hand.
Mbasa, adj. Of cattle, having a white star
on the forehead ; see im-Basa.
uku-Mbatsha, v. i. To be barren: ilizwe
limbatshile, the country is barren.
i-Mbatsha, n. 3. Barrenness.
uku-Mbatshisa, v. To make barren, to
ruin, damage.
i-Mbatu, 71. 3. Scorched food adhering to
the Y>o\.; = im-Batu.
ukuti-Mbatyu, v. t. To spread or tie a wet
cloth round.
uku-MbatyuIa, v. t. To whip, flog, lash,
scourge with a stick; to buffet, strike in
the ribs.
isi Mbatyuio, n. 4. A scourge or flail.
i-Mbaula, n. 3. A perforated tin-can or
other vessel in which a fire is kindled.
Mbaxa, adj. Forked; double minded; see
im-Baxa,
Mbayi-mbayi, adv. with meaning of never:
lento imbayi-mbayi, this thing will never be
finished or done ; fr. Eng. by-and-bye.
u-Mbayi MBAYI, n. I. A cannon (from the
current story that a native, on asking the
name of this strange thing, was informed
'You will see by-and-bye'.)
i-Mbaza, n. 3. The edible sea-mussel.
ukuti-MB'E, and ukuti-Mbembe, v. i. To run
very fast, or fast and continually.
isa Mbembe, n. 4. A person who runs
swiftly and constantly; one who does a
thing persistently; a bore.
isi-Mbekete, n. 4. A fast runner.
ukuti-Mbembetshe, v. i. To be quick,
swift as the wind.
i-Mbembetshane, n. 3. ^
isi-Mbemb^tshane. n. 4. v Swiftness, cele-
u-Mbembetshane, n. 5. )
rity: usimbhnbetshane, he is a fast runner.
i-Mbebevu, n. 3. A long, ugly face; used
offensively: imbebevu yanina le! what ugly
face is this!
Mbejembeje, adj. Diversely coloured,
speckled, or spotted.
isi Mbelenibelana, n. 4. A short, stout
person or thing.
ukuti-Mbembe, - ukutt-Mbe.
MB
i-Mbembet6, n. 3. A cake.
i-Mbencembence, n. 3. One who speaks or
acts imprudently; from nku-Binca.
uku-Mbenda, v. t. To provoke, incense,
exasperate.
— Mbendana, v. To provoke one another.
— Mbendisa, v. To cause provocation:
ihashe lam liyandiinbendisa, my horse
provokes me.
ukuti-Mbende, and ukutatia-Mbende, v. i.
To be close on one's heels; to follow hard
or determinedly after one; to stick to one:
inja itene-mbende nenyamaliazi, the dog kept
close to the game and would not leave it.
isi-Mbenene, n. 4. A great rushing or
hurrying: wasisimbenene emva ktvam, he is
pursuing me hard (for his money).
i-Mbenga, n. 2. A vessel for milking, made
of rushes.
i-Mbewu, n. 3. Seed.
i-Mbeyiya, n. 3. A jester.
Mbi, adj. Another, other, of a different sort.
It takes (sometimes double) the represent-
ative syllables of tlie preceding noun as
prefixes, a, i, u being preceded by their
semivowels: wiimh'i («h/i^/, another person;
akuko mntu uumh'i, there is no other person ;
//mbi ihashe, a horse of a different descrip-
tion; andiaibalcli nto zimh\ or s/mbi izinto,
I write no other things to you; batabata
matye wamh\, they took other stones; 56'/-
nto-nina isoiw esisimhi OJiasol which is the
o:her sin you have.'' akuko iidlela eyiyimhi-
naf is there no other way.?
The form okumbi, this other, is used
with negatives: um»tn ongcnaKumbi, a
person who has no other side, i.e. an un-
changeable, virtuous, single-minded person;
xa snknba iliso lako Ungei}a\i\xmb\. if thine
eye be single; ngeniUzlyo cngenti\i.\itah\,
with singleness of heart.
MB
i-Mbimbit^lo, n. 3. Desire.
ukuMbinambineka, v. i. To be angry and
have evil thoughts in the heart: usuke
wanibhiambineka, ak iteta, he was angry and
would not speak.
i-Mbishimbishi, n. 3. A corpulent person.
uku-Mbitela, v. i. To die without speaking.
um-Mbitele, n. i. A person who is angry,
thinks evil in his heart without telling it;
a person who does not speak when dying
on account of his having wickedness in
his heart.
um-Mbiti, n. 6. A deep hole, pit; a deep
pool in a river; dimin. umbUaua.
i-Mbivv'a, n. 3. See ukn-Mba.
uku-Mbiyoza, v. i. To play truant.
i-Mbiza, n. 3. A ^o\.; = im Btzi.
ukuti-Mb6, V. i. To make the sound of falling
down.
i-Mbd, n. 3. That which is precious, valuable,
golden; which is one's own; see ukuLahla.
isi Mb6, n. 4. Usage, custom, manner, style,
attitude ; pi. the peculiar actions or gestures
which a person (or a tribe) exhibits in
moving or dancing, by which he is dis-
tinguished from others; ideas, notions root-
ed in the mind ; fashion, ornament.
i-MbodIa, n. 3. The wild cat.
i-Mb6dloIolo, 11. 3. A bullock with horns
standing" straight up from the head.
i-Mb6kot6, ?i. 3. A gr\ndstor\e; = im-Bdkotd.
i-.Mbdla, II. 3. Red c\2iy; = im-Bola.
uku-Mb6la, v. t. To throw down (a heavy
weight).
— Mb6leka, v. To be knocked down.
uku-Mb6mba, v. t. To grumble.
uku-Mbdmb6ze!a, v. To speak in a
mumbling manner, so that what is said
cannot be understood.
Mbdmbe, ». 3. The fruitstalk of the palm-
grass ; see im-Bombe.
Derivatives: ngakumbi, adv. denoting u-Mb6na, w. I. Maize: mpeke nmhdna, cook
increase of quality or action; more, better, j the mz.\ZQ;oinbona abane, four cobs of maize,
again, furthermore: yenze ngakumh't, do it i i-MbdngoIo, n. 3. A mule;:
again or better; uyafa ngakumbi namhla, lit.
he is more sick, i.e. he is worse, to-day;
ngokokumbl, Especially, in particular;
mhiaumbi, Perhaps, or; see um-Hia.
i-Mbidiyane, //. 3. A harmful drink made
from syrup.
i-Mbila, «. 3. The dassie ; = /?w-Si/a.
i-Mbilap6, n. 3. The gland in the groin.
i-Mbllati, n. 3. Fore leg, etc •, = i?n-Bilatt.
i-Mbilibondo, ". 3. A confused statement.
uku-Mbimbiteka, v.
a child.
isi-MbdnonO; «. 4. Continual lamentation,
outcry-
uku-Mbdf a, = ukn-Mhola.
isi-Mbdroma, n. 4. (a) An iron bolt or spike;
a crov;h?iv -j-isikdiido sents'nnbt. (b) A
solitary individual whose connections are
dead or gone elsewhere.
uku-Mbdroza, - nhi-Mbaraza.
i-MbdsholoIo, //. 3. Depravity.
i-Mb6tshane, n. ^. = itn-Bdtshane.
To cry, whimper, as j Mb6vu, adj. Very near: thlimpavu, I am very
I near.
232
MB
Mb6xo, adj. Oval; see im-Boxo. \
Mbdxo, adj. Eight: amadoda amhoxo, eight
men; inkomo ezimboxo, eight head of cattle;
cf. isi-Bozo.
isi-Mb6xo, n. 4. The eighth: inyanga yesi-
mboxo, the eighth month.
ubu-Mbozisa, n. 7. Rottenness; from uku-
Bozisa.
Mbul mbul interj. The sound of beating a
hide or thrashing a person.
Mbuba, adj. Narrow: intloko yako imhiiba,
your head is narrow.
isi'Mbuku, n. 4. Mass, bulk, substance,
heap, body ; the whole sum, content, chief
matter: ndambona isinibukii sodioa, I saw
him, only as a mass, not distinctly.
ubu-Mbuku, n. 7. The main, chief,
principal thing.
i-Mbulu, n. 3, In Kafir lore, an imaginary
animal that has the power of assuming
human shape, but is continually hampered
by its tail which it persistently endeavours
to hide. It is an arch-deceiver. In the
intsomi of Mbulu and Dyakalashe, Mbulu
suggests that the one who dips his tail into
the water in crossing a river must wash.
As they jump across, Mbulu dips Dyaka-
lashe's tail into the water, and holds Dyaka-
lashe to the agreement. Dyakalashe strips
and Mbulu dons Dyakalashe's clothes on
the pretence of trying them on and
promising to return them later. When
pressed to return the clothes, Mbulu keeps
saying 'I'll give you them when we come
yonder', but he keeps them. Hence, ..a
person who covets other people's belong-
ings; one who borrows money and con-
tinually postpones the day of repaying it.
i-Mbulukudu, n. 3. A sudden attack.
uku-MbuluIa, v. t. To investigate, examine,
search, espec. to find out and bring forth
to view the charms (ubu-T'i) by which
people have been bewitched; to confiscate
entirely, leaving nothing.
— Mbululisa, v. To cause to exhibit to
view, etc.
Mbikna, adj. Used of that which has lost
its native wildness, i.e. has become tame:
ihashe limbuna, the horse is tame ; cf. uku-
Buna. ,
i-Mbunguzulu, n. 3. Anything incompa-
rably valuable.
isi-Mbuf u, = isi-Mbuku.
i-Mbushumbushu, n. $. = i-Mbishimbishi.
i-Mbutusana, w. 3. A stumpy youth.
i-Mbutye, n. 3. Dying in great numbers.
EE 2,
MB
i-Mbiiwa, - i-Mbhva, under uku-Mba.
i'Mbuzi, n. 3. The original Kafir goat.
Mdaka, adj. Duncoloured, dark, dirty,
muddy: inkomo emdaka, a dun coloured
cow; ihashe limdaka, the horse is dun
coloured; fig. evil: akateianga nelimdaka
kuye, not even an evil word he had spoken
to him.
u-Me, (' fc ' prolonged) «. I. A children's game,
' the wolf and the lambs'. One child acts
as wolf, and the others as lambs holding on
in a string behind their mother. The
mother endeavours to face the wolf con-
tinually and so protect her lambs, while the
nimble wolf watches his opportunity of
snatching the lambs one by one.
ubu-Me, i-Meko, and isi-Meko, see uku-Ma.
i-MEjELE, n. 3. Boots or a garment made
to measure ; Eng. measure.
i-Mela, n. 3. A knife.
u-Meleni, n. I. See under uku-Ma.
u-Melvk'ane, and um-Melwane, see uku-Ma.
uku-Mema, v. t. pass, menywa. To exlaim, call
out, proclaim; to call or invite to a feast,
gathering or entertainment: ndiyayimema
icaioa, I invite to come to church ; to cite at
law ; to summon ; to bring an action at law
against one: ndiyalimema ityala elinaye, I
proclaim his guilt or crime ; ndimema imali
^kuye, I claim or call in my money from him.
isi-Mema, n. 4. The howling of dogs; fig.
an exclamation of grief and sorrow.
isi-Memo, n. 4. Invitation, summons,
meeting.
uku-Memana, v. To give a friendly
invitation to each other ; fig. to go to law,
to implead one another.
— Memeka, v. (a) To utter or give out a
sound like me-ma. (b) To be guilty.
— Memela, v. To invite, call to a gather-
ing for another person.
u-Memelo, n. 5. An invitation to.
uku-Memelela, v. To hum to the calves
in milking; fig. to praise, extol, sing,
triumph, especially over a conquered
enemy.
n. 8. Singing in triumph.
u-Memelelo, n. 5. The humming to the
calves in milking; triumphal song sung
with dancing before commencing a war,
when the crane-feathers are fastened and
shields shaken ; and after a war, when an
enemy has been p it to flight.
uku-Memelelisa, v. To make to sing:
nentliziyo yomhlolokazi bendiyimemelelisa,
and I caused the widow's heart to sing
for joy.
MB
— Memeza, v. pass, menyezwa. To call
aloud to a person at a distance; to call
out: nanko emenyezwa ngegama unyana
wak^, there is his son being called by his
name.
ura-MemezI, n. i. A herald.
isi-Memezo, n. 4. A loud call, shout.
u-Memezo, n. 5. Loud calling, shouting.
uku-Memezana, v. To call aloud to each
other.
— Memezela, v. To call for another, or
to a person to come near: us'undimemezele
u-John, call John here for me; to proclaim,
decree.
— Memezisa, v. To cause one to call out
for another person.
Meme, interj. A baby's request to be
carried on its mother's back. Carry me!
uku-Memeka, v. pass, menyekwa. To
carry a child on the \idick;-uku-Beleka.
i-Meme, n. 3. Misfortune: yehV imeme!
there is misfortune I O, what misfortune I
i-Memetshane, «. 3. A small grub which
eats the seeds in a garden before they
vegetate.
uku-Memeza, v. See under tihi-Mema.
i-Menemene, n. 2. An unprincipled, un-
trustworthy, faithless person, who cannot
be relied on, and is always making ex-
cuses; pi. all manner of excuses, subter-
fuges, evasions: lomiitn unamamenemene,
this man makes all kinds of excuses.
ubu-Menemene, «. 7. Excuse, evasion,
shiftiness, insincerity, falsity of character,
untrustworthiness.
uku-Meneza, v. To be false, untrust-
worthy, void of conscience.
u-Menezo, «. 5. Untrustworthiness.
uku-Menezela, v.
— Menezelela, v.
humbug.
i-Menqemenqe, 11. 2. A sly, cunning,
crafty person who is not easily caught.
ukuti-Menye,
uku-Menyeza,
reflect light, as a mirror; to glisten; to
flash as light.
i-Menye, n. 2. The shifting motion of a
vane, flag, light, fire.
uku-Menyezela, v. To shine, etc. for.
n. 8. GWiXenng: ukumenyezelakwezikali,
the glittering of weapons.
— Menyezeiisa, v. To make shine.
ukutl-Meqe, v. i. To take to heart: baliti-
meqe elozwi, or hatana-meqe neloUzn-i, they
took that word to heart ; to receive one in
a friendly way; to observe mentally the
points in an opponent's argument.
To impose upon; to
To shine, emit or
ME
i-MESi, n. 3. A knife, from the Du. mes.
uku-Metsha, v. t. Em. To indulge in un-
consummated sexual intercourse, a vile
practice which has a terrible hold on the
nation.
i-Metsha, n. 2. and isi-Metsha, n. 4. Em.
A partner in unclean intercourse.
u-Metsho, K. 5. Em. Unclean intercourse.
Metsho! interj. used (a) in familiar conver-
sation. Wait a little I halt! leave off! do
not talk so fast! give me time to speak!
(b) as a greeting. Well met!
n-!A&ty\so, = inn-Tyiso. The cud, from uku-
Tya.
isi-Metyu, n. 4. The strongest pipe oil,
which is found at the bottom of a pipe.
Meva, adj. Pretty, beautiful, nice: iimeva
k'lnye, it's very nice (e.g. of a hat). This
word is possibly connected with ameva,
with the idea of 'highest excellence', 'the
acme '.
ukuti-Mfa, used as adj. A little, slightly:
isifo simtk-mfa, the sickness soon left him,
he was a little sick ; inja ifiimane yamt'i-
mfa ukiduma, the dog has simjply held
by its teeth in biting him, i.e. it merely
left marks of its teeth on his skin without
tearing his flesh; lUiwe-mfa ukufmdiswa,
he was taught a little.
Mfakamfaka, adj Spotted, of different
colours: amafu amfakamfaka, the clouds
are spotted, i.e. cirrus, a sign of wind
or of rain ; see ukuti-Fakafaha.
i-Mfakamfele, n. 3. Anything with small
irregular spots; see under ukutt Bxkafaka.
Mfakumfaku, adj. Soft and spongy.
i-Mfakumfaku, n. 2. Any stuffed, padded
or cushioned appliance.
i-Mfama, n. 3. A blind person.
ubu Mfama, n. 7. Blindness.
uku-Mf ameka, v. To be blind ; to become
blind.
— Mfainekisa, v. To blind, to cause
blindness.
— Mfamza, v. To feel one's way; to
grope in the dark, as a blind man;
= uku Mpamza.
i-Mfanta, n. 3. A cleft, crack; =im-Fanta.
i-Mfebemfebe, n. 3. A person with an empty
stomach.
i-Mfebenge, n. 3. A very hungry person.
i-Mfene, n. 3. The baboon, Papio porcarius
(Bodd.). Its cries are compared to nxa
and dyorum, and its dying cry to rwintsintsi.
The nmtakati is in constant league with
the baboon: ndisukulele ngemfene yako.
234
MfJ
make my garden fruitful by consulting your
baboon ; unyaioo Iwemfene, the foot of the
baboon, i.e. treason.
ubu-Mfene, n. 7. Apishness.
i-Mfengemfenge, n. 3. A hungry, lean,
wretched person or thing.
i-Mfengu, ti. 2. A destitute, homeless wan-
derer. PI. ama-Mfengu, the Fingos,
uku-Mfenguza, v. To wander about
looking for a home, seeking for service.
Mfetemfete, adj. Weak, feeble, languid,
lax, soft; slack, loose (of a bridle),
ukuti Mfi, ('i' prolonged) v. i. To give a
sharp, painful nip, as an ant or an earwig.
uku-Mfikila, v. t. To pinch.
uku-Mflkimfa, v. t. To do very fine and
neat work.
ubu-Mfiliba, «. 7. State of being cloudy
and not bright in appearance.
uku-Mfimfita, v. t. To suck up water
through the teeth, so as to prevent any
solid substance therein from entering the
mouth; to suck marrow from a bone, or
juice from flowers, as the sugar-bird; to
suck blood from a person, as a bug.
— Mfimf iteka, v. To be getting thin.
ukuti-Mfixi, v. i. To be sick, ill, especially
with stuffiness in the nose from cold.
u-Mfixane, and u-Mfixo, k. 5. Stuffiness
of the nose through cold: ndinomfixane,
my nose is stopped with cold.
uku -Mfononeka, v, i. To bleed in a painful
manner.
i-Mfotyomfotyo, n. 3. Anything supple,
flexible, pliant ; = im-Fotyololo.
Mfukumfuku, adj. Entangled, perplexing ;
see under uhit't-Fuku.
Mf utnfu, adj. Obscure.
u-Mfumfu, //. I. Em. Month of Septem-
ber.
Mf umf um, adj. Soft (as a pillow) ; fig.
gentle, not loud.
Mfumamfuma, adj. Warm, comfortable:
indawo emfumamfuma, a cosy corner.
Mfumanga, adj. Warm, comfortable.
uku-Mfumfutela, v. i. To grope, feel the
way, as a blind man.
— Mfumfutelisa, v. To go away, or into
a strange country; to go in the dark.
— Mfumfutelisela, v. To make or cause
oneself to be led into the' dark.
i-Mfungumf ungu, n. 3. Rubbish in a heap.
Mfusa, adj. Dark brown: ihashe limfnsa,
the horse is dark brown.
Mfuxumfuxu, adj. Untidy, dirty: indlu
imfuxumfuxu, the house is dirty.
Mri
Mhia, tnhlana, mhleni, mhlenikwent,
and mhlezinikweni, adv. When; see um-
Hla.
Mhlamnene, adv. Once upon a time; see
um-Hla.
Mhlaumbi, xnMay'imbX, adv. Or; s&e um-
Hla.
Mhloko, interj. Em! see uku-Vuma.
Mhlop^, adj. White: ihashe limhlope, the
horse is white; inkomo etnhlop^, a white cow;
fig. clean, pure, bright, shining : ingubo zaM
zimhlope, his garments are clean; izulu
limhlope, the atmosphere is clear ; limhlopi
ilizwi lake, his word is clear, reasonable;
loc. emhlotsheni, in white, in the light, adv.
ngokiimhlope, plainly, clearly. Dimin.
mhlotshana, whitish.
i-Mhlopekazi, 11. 3. A white female
animal.
ubu-MhIope, n. 7. Whiteness, brightness,
clearness, purity.
Mi, Pass. pron. I, me, etc., see the shortened
form M.
um-Mi, n. I. An inhabitant; see under mj^m-
Ma.
uku-Mlla, V. i. To grow, thrive, applied
specially to plants: umbona umile kakuhle,
the growtli of the maize is excellent;
sometimes used of persons: lomntu umile
kakuhle, this person is well built; fig. to
conduct oneself, behave. Phr. simile
intsiba, our wings are growing, i.e. we
commence to thrive, to revive.
n. 8. Behaviour, conduct: wettziwa wa-
kumila kumbi, he was transfigured.
i-Milo, n. 3. Growth of form; fig. con-
duct, behaviour, standing, character
arising from constitutional peculiarities,
as applied to mankind; kind, species, as
applied to animals, referring to the
physical peculiarities by which they are
distinguished.
isi-Milo, n. 4. Growth; nature; natural
bent or disposition ; development, consti-
tution, condition; conduct, character, be-
haviour of man : akanasimilo, he has no
character, i.e. he is a worthless fellow;
nature of animals; pi. attributes: ezimi-
Iweni zabo, in their behaviour, conduct.
Dimin. isimilwana.
um-Milo, n. 6. Condition; pi. imimilo,
features, mien, demeanour.
uku-Milela, v. (a) To grow or thrive for:
yazimilela, it grew spontaneously, (b) To
grow upon or over : inca yamilela etyeni,
the stone was overgrown with grass.
MI
Um-Milela. w. 6, That which grows spon-
taneously after reaping; the after-
growth.
uku-Milisa, v. To cause to grow; to
produce; to transplant; fig, to do like
another; to imitate: lotmitu timilise okwant,
that man does as I do, or is like me in
his conduct.
— Milisela, v. To cause to grow for; to
graft: isebe lamiliselwa kulomti, the branch
was grafted on this tree.
ukuti-Milikinxi, v. t. To hit back; to fight
or beat after another has commenced.
V. i. Of the throat or chest, to close.
uku-Mimiteka, v. i. To commence to grow
or get fat ; to increase.
Mina, contrac. Mna, which see.
i-Minazana, «. 3. Dimin. of i-Mini. Ngami-
nazana or tigettiinazana etVe, once upon a
time.
i-Mini, n. 3. A natural or periodical day;
day as distinguished from night : imini no-
busuku, day and night; imin' eiiye, one day;
7igavtini nye, in one day ; imini ngemini, day
by day; imini emaqanda, broad daylight,
when the sun stands highest, noon; loc.
emini, in the day time, at noon; emini
enkiilu, at mid-day ; kusemini, it is still day-
time; ngenye imini, one (past) day; mini
yimb'i, at another time; sometimes-some-
times; now and then.
Mini, conj. The day that; when,
Bumini-nje, adv. recently, lately, newly;
into yabumini, a modern thing.
u-Mingimingi, ;/. I. Rumour, report
uku-MlNlSHA, V. t. To mean: lento iminisha
ntoninaf what does this thing mean? (Eng.)
uku-Minxa, v. t. To hold fast by pressing
between the hands, or in a vice, or in a
crowd; or by intertwining, as weeds in a
garden smother and choke and prevent the
growth of useful plants: indnga yaziminxa
inkozo, the thorn trees choked the seed;
izihlangu ziyanditninxa, the shoes pinch me.
— Minxana, v. To hold each other fast;
imihlati iminxenc, he has lock-jaw,
uku-Minya, v. t. To climb, as an ape does,
by clasping with its feet round a tree or
pole ; to hold fast,
uku-Minya, v. t. To drain a vessel in
drinking to the last drop; to swallow the
whole contents •, = uku-Finca.
— Minyeka. v. To be drained, absorbed ;
fig, to be distressed, exhausted,
236
Mi
Miny'etla.] ^ ^o drain out the
last drop from a calabash or milk-sack;
to swallow up; to empty; fig, to exhaust,
ukutl-Minyi, v. i. Of smoke, mist or dust, to
be dense, thick.
i-Minza, m. 2. — um-Binza.
isi-Miselo, um-Miselo, isi-Miso, um-Miso,
see uku-Ma.
uku-Mita, v. i. To conceive; perf. mitt, to
be pregnant : lamfazi iimitt, that woman is
pregnant; wamita and wamitwa utnntwana,
she is with child ; fig. ndimit' inteto, I have
a lot to say, but I am afraid ; sipwna simiti,
lit, we go out heavy, we have had no
opportunity given for the ventilation of
our grievances.
u-Mit6, «, 5, Conception,
— Mltisa, V. To render pregnant, im-
pregnate,
ukuti-Miti, v. i. To speak to a person in a
low tone, so that others will not understand,
isi-Mitolo, «, 4, One dumb with amaze-
ment : wamenza isimitolo, he astonished him,
made him speechless,
uku-Miwa, v. i. To be choked, suffocated:
ndimiwa ngumsi, I am suffocated with
smoke. (To be distinguished from miwa,
pass, of uku-Ma.)
uku-Miza, v. t. To absorb; to swallow,
gulp down, eat and drink gluttonously; fig,
to sink down ; to be mired, as a wagon in a
swamp,
um-Mizo, «. 6. The gullet.
u-Mka, «, I, (always found combined with
pronouns or nouns) The wife of: umkam,
my wife; umkako, your wife; umkake, his
wife; umkamntti, another man's wife; omka-
Ngqika, Gaika's wives,
uku-MKA, (Em, uku-Muka), v.t. To depart,
go away, set out, go on a journey : bemka
kuye, they departed from him; umkile ngu-
mlambo, he is drowned in the river. It
often implies reproach: mka apa! get you
away from here I mukani kum (more solemn
than mkani), nina baqalekiswa, depart from
me, ye cursed. Phr. lento umntu iyemka
nok' ibongwayo, man goes away, i,e. dies,
though he is praised; zemk' inkotno, the
cattle are going away (a call to arms),
«, 8, ukumka komhla, the latter part of the
day.
— Mkela, v. To depart to a certain place
mentioned: wemkela {hetter wemka waya)
e-Rini, he left for Grahamstown; uku-
mkelwa kwakd yinto ngabo, the loss of
MK
your property is their doing; uzimkele
ngokwake kowabo, he left home by liis own
will; ndemkelwa ngumhilini akuteta, my
soul had failed me when he spake.
— Mkisa, V. To send away; to dismiss:
ndemkisa umkonzi warn, I dismissed my
servant; to take away, remove.
Mna, (mina) Pton. emphatic. I p. sing,
subj. and obj. I myself. Mna ndiyatanda,
I love ; bandibela mna, they beat me.
(Care must be taken in using this form
of the pronoun : mna nditandayo, I who love,
is general ; whereas mna iitandayo, is special :
I, the one who loves, showing that there
are others who do not love.)
u-Mna, (used by chiefs) = Mna.
Mnandi and mandi, adj. Fine, soft to the
touch: uboya bcngubo bumnandi, the wool
of the cloth is fine; smooth, sweet, pleasant
to the taste, giving delight : amafizi amna-
ndi, delicious water; ukutya okuinnandi,
pleasant food ; ukuvunia hvabo kwaba mna-
ndi, their singing was sweet, agreeable; fig.
soft, polite, civil in manners.
Kamnandi, adv. Delightfully, softly,
sweetly.
ubu-Mnandi and ubu-Mandl, n. 7. Soft-
ness, sweetness, delight, fulness, pleasant-
ness.
uku-Mnandisa, v. (of recent usage.) To
make agreeable, pleasing.
Mncumevu, adj. Dark, without flame; see
um-Ncumevu.
MnyamSi, adj. Dark, black: selimmyaina, it
is already dark; inkomo cnuiyama, a black
cow; fig. abantii abamnyama, common
people; ukunxiba ezimnyama, to put on
black clothes.
ubu-Mnyama, n. 7. Darkness, gloom: bu-
bumnyama kanye, it is entire darkness ; fig.
ignorance : sisebumnyameni ngalonto, we
are in ignorance about that thing.
u-Mnyama, n. 6. An eclipse.
u-Mnyama, n. 6. The rainbow.
see ukii-Ma.
A sugar cane or black
i-Mo and isi-Mo,
um-Moba, n
sweet cane.
i-MOFU, n. 3. (a) An imported beast, esp.
of the shorthorn breed of cattle ; from
Du. mof, a nickname for any foreigner,
espec. a German who has left his fatherland,
(b) Lungsickness in cattle (because it was
introduced into South Africa by a Du,
bull,)
i-Mokamoka, n. 3. A great thing, such as a
big loaf, a lump of meat ; a difficult, puzz-
ling thing.
237
MO
uku-Mokamokana, v. followed by na. To
work hard ; to struggle alone, without help.
i-MOKOLO, n. 3. An allotment of land, from
Du. morgen.
uku-Mokomela, v. i. To take a thing by
force.
um-Mokomell, n. i. A person who
violently takes what he wants.
i-Mokomo, n. 3. That which is big, out of
its ordinary size, as a swollen foot; fig.
imokonw yetyala, one who is in danger of
being arrested.
uku-Mokota, v. i. To chew.
isi Mokotd, «. 4. A full, round, fat, face.
MOLO! Good morning! molweni! good
morning to you ! (from Du. morgen).
u-Molokazana, n. i. A daughter-in-law.
Mome, adv. Quite: indlti izele ngumsi momc,
the house is quite full of smoke.
ukuti-Momf u, v. i. To peep out a little (as a
mouse from its hole) ; to show a little and
draw out of sight again; to jut out.
Momololo, adv. Quite : inxowa izele momololo,
the bag is quite full.
uku-MomoIoza, v. t. To keep speaking
without leaving off.
u-Mona, n. l. Envy, grudging, discontent,
jealousy, suspicion.
uku-Monela, v. To envy, grudge, over-
look, despise.
— Monelana, v. To envy one another.
isi Mongomongo, n. 4. = /-7>'fl/<7, a big debt,
guilt: undihlisele isimongomongo, you have
brought a big debt or misfortune upon me,
i.e. more than I can bear.
ukutl-Monxo, v. t. To load with kisses (of
elderly women kissing children or others
after a long separation from them).
uku-Monxoza, v. t. To box the ears; to
smite with the palm of the hand.
uku-MoSHA, V. t. To waste, spoil ; fr. Du.
morsen.
— MOSHAKALA, V. To be wasted: imosha-
kele, it is wasted.
i-Mosi, n. 3. A sparrow, from Du. mosch.
u-Moya, n. I. A spirit, ghost.
u-Moya, «. 6. Wind, air, breath: tivutuzisa
timoya wake, he causes his wind to blow.
Phr. useV or iidl' umoya, he takes the air,
goes about at leisure ; sova singasemoyeni, we
shall hear, being on the side towards which
the wind blows, i.e. we shall soon know all
that is transpiring.
When there is no wind and the girls are
anxious to winnow, they sing: Moya!
MO
moya! amadoda akako, ay' enq'ina, Wind!
wind I the men are not here, they are away
hunting.
isi-Moyoyo, n. 4. ^
isi-Moyoy wana, n. 4. > A poor, wretched,
u-Moyoywana, w. 5. )
distressed, destitute, miserable, pitiful
person ; one who is confounded, at a loss
what to say, espec. when some loss or
sorrow has befallen him.
i-Mpabanga, n. 3. A destitute person, with-
out property, home or friends.
i-Mpaka, «. 3. A cat ; = /;«-P^/^^.
ukuti-Mpaka, ^
ukuti-Mpakampaka, >v. To slap with the
uku-Mpakaza, )
palm of the hand, or with something flabby.
ukuti-Mpakutnpaku, v. i. To whiff; to
smoke hurriedly.
uku-Mpakuza, v. i. To whiff in smoking;
to speak empty words ; to brag.
i-Mpama, «. 3. A box on the ear, a slap in
the face.
i-Mpampampa, ?/. 3. Uncertainty, dubiety j
see im-Pavipam.
uku-Mpampaza, v. i. To grope in the
dark ; to walk unsteadily, like a blind man ;
fig. to speak nonsense, (seldom used).
i-MpandIa, «. 3. (a) A head bald in front,
(b) The top of the windpipe.
uku-Mpangaza, v. t. To talk loudly; to ex-
pose a thing by talking about it in a loud
manner; to treat unkindly.
i -Mpangazo, m. 3. Exposure, unkind
treatment.
um-Mpantsho, n. 6. A woman's cap; =
u-Nkontsho.
ubu-Mpatalala, v.J. Helplessness, see under
uhi-Patalala.
i-Mpatshampatsha, n. 3. A foolish, worth-
less creature ; see under iiku-PatsIia.
i-Mpatshanga, «. 3. A homeless wretch, =
i-Mpabanga; see under uku-Patsha.
Mpela, adj. and adv. Finally, totally,
altogether, entirely: kaupumc mpela, come
clean oat; nyazi lento impela, he knows this
decidedly ; see im-Pela.
i-Mpempe, //. 3. A toy whistle used by the
boys in dancing, or in calling up companions
to help at a fight ; it produces a sound like
that made by blowing into the barrel of a
key.
i-Mpempete, n. 2. A totally bald head.
Mpemvu, adj. Having a white stripe on the
front of the head : ihaslie elimpemvu, a horse
with a white face; see im-Pemvu.
i-Mpene, w. 3. Laziness, etc.; = im-Pene.
238
MP
i-Mpengempenge, «. 3. used as adj. Too
exposed : indlu yimpengeiupenge, the house is
open, so that the air can go through ; fig.
improperly or insufficiently clothed, half
naked.
i-Mpet6, n. 3. A maggot; treachery ;-
im-Petu.
i-Mpi, n. 3. An army; = »«-Pi.
ubu-Mpi, n. 7. Enmity.
i-Mplsa, n. 3. A medicinal plant ; = iw-i'/5a.
i-Mpiso, n. 3. Em. A large claypot for hold-
ing beer ; = im-Piso.
ukuti-Mpo, V. i. To draw one whiff in
smoking ; also = ukuti-Mome.
i-MpoboIe, «. 3. A head-dress made from
the bushy part of a jackal's tail.
Mpofu, adj. Pale red, pale yellow, or tawny:
ihashe elimpofu, a cream-coloured horse;
inkotno empofu, a dun-coloured beast.
i-Mpofu, n. 3. The eland, Taurotragus
oryx typicus (Pall.), named after its tawny
colour: iimntu angahulala itnpofu, angasisi
isifuba, uhlutwa inkotno zak^, the man who
kills an eland and does not bring its
breast will have his cattle confiscated
(because this portion was the perquisite
of the chief) ; fig. the flat skull of a child
that has hydrocephalus, (when a woman
with a healthy baby meets one whose
child has such a skull, she milks her
breast on that skull, believing that her
child will now be safe from getting an
itnpofu).
i-Mpofukazi, n. 3. A dun-coloured cow.
ubu-Mpofu, n. 7. Tawny colour.
i-Mpohlolokazi, n. 3. A cow with horns
standing straight up; fig. a woman with a
long face.
i-Mpohloyiyana, «. 3. An official sent with
a summons in the name of a chief; a con-
stable.
i-Mpokela, n. 3. (a) A harbinger; the article
in grammar, (b) A kind of head-dress,
(c) Small individual things.
i-Mpokwe, n. 3. (Em. isa-Mpokw^, «. 4.)
A young shoot; a small unripe pumpkin ; =
im-Pokzve.
uku-MpoloIoza, v. i. To chatter on, for talk-
ing's sake. = uku-Mpompoza, and uku-Pololoza.
uku-MPOMPA, V. i. To drink much or
frequently at a sitting; to tipple, revel.
i-Mpompo, n. 3. A pump, tap of water;
fig. an incessant speaker, a chatterbox.
uku-Mpompoza, v. i. To be flowing over ;
to gush out, as water from a gushing
MP
fountain : umtdmbo uvipompoza amanzi, the
fountain emits water abundantly; fig. to
talk much, rapidly or senselessly: inxila
linipompoza ukuteta, the drunkard talks
great nonsense; abantii bayampompoza
ukiiza, the people come in great numbers.
— Mpompozela, v. To flow or gush over
into: umtdmbo umpotnpozela emlanjeni, the
fountain gushes out into the river.
— Mpompozelela, v. fig. imini hnpompoze-
lela imini inteto, day uttereth speech unto
day.
— MpompozJsa, v. To send out (water,
speech) in a gush: njengoko iqula limpo-
mpozisa amanzi alo, yenje njalo ukumpo-
mpozisa izinto zayo ezimbi, as a well sends
out its waters, so she sends forth her
wickedness.
— Mpompozisela, v. To pour out upon:
ndiwumpompozisela kuni umoya warn, I will
pour out my spirit upon you.
i-Mpondo, «. 3. Used in conjunction with
nca to express superlative degree : ndambeta
nca impondo, I beat him very much ; saUakula
nca impondo, we scuffled very hard.
i-Mpongampo, n. 2. A high-sounding voice.
i-MpongoIoIo, n. 2, A hollow voice: impo-
ngololo elinamalolo, a hollow, rough voice;
used also for swearing; ~i-Nkobo>ikobo.
i-Mpop6ina, n. 3. A flood, waterspout ; see
i?n-Popdtna.
i-Mpotsha, «. 3. The stealing and slaughter-
ing of an animal.
ukuti-Mpu, V. i. Of a bag, to be full: ukuba
site-mpti isisu, that the stomach may be full.
isa-Mpu, H. 4. A person or animal with a
distended, blown-up abdomen; fig. an
idle talker; a vain, silly boaster, windbag,
fool.
isa-Mpumpu, «. 4. Something full to the
utmost.
Mpulampula, adj. Slippery; glib; see im-
Pulainpula.
uku-Mpulaza, v. i. To make guesses at the
cause of sickness: ayampidaza amagqira,
the witchdoctors just guess at the cause of
trouble.
Mpuluswa, adj. Straight, smooth, sleek,
with special reference tq the absence of any
protuberances, applied to a tree trunk with
out knots, a smooth-skinned plump baby, a
fat glossy heifer.
uku-Mpuluza, V. t. To utter, let out anything.
V. i. To be too small or slippery to be held
fast.
MP
Mpumpu, adj. Stunted: umkono umpumpu, the
arm is short, stunted.
ukuti-Mpumpu, v. i. To be cut off,
shortened.
i-Mpundulu, n. 3. The lightning-bird ; = »«-
Pundtilit.
i-Mpunge, n. 3. plur. atnampunge. A useless,
empty, vain, false saying; an evasion,
excuse.
i-Mpuiigumpungu, n. 3. A slippery thing
or person ; = i-Mputshumputshu.
i Mpungutye, «. 3. The Black-backed jackal,
Canis mesomelas Schreb. It figures in the
intsomi as one who by cunning gets the
better of nearly all the other animals, but
especially of the hyena.
ukuti-Mpuntshu, and uku-Mpuntsha, xk i.
To jump out.
Mpunyumpunyu, adj. Slippery, as soap in
water, or certain fruit-stones in the mouth;
glib-tongued ; see im-Punyumpunyu.
Mpushumpushu, adj. Soft, applied e.g. to
very soft earth.
i-Mputshumputshu, n. 3. That which is
slippery like an eel; hence, a slippery fellow.
i-Mputumputu, n. 3. Lightness; fig. abs-
traction, absent-mindedness, thoughtless-
ness.
Mqumqutn, adj. Soft, as Kafir-corn begin-
ning to bud.
Msinya, Msinyane, Kamsinya, Kamsin-
yane, adv. Soon, quickly, hastily : hlalapantsi
msinya, sit down quickly: kwakamsinya, at
once, in a short space of time, quickly very
soon. Also used us adj. Speedy : intshabalalo
emsinya, speedy desti'uction.
Msulwa, adj. Innocent; from iiku-Sula.
ubu-Msulwa, n. 7- Innocence.
Mtubi, adj. Yellowish, pale: into emtubi, a
pale thing ; amehlo amtiibi, pale eyes.
Mtuqwa, adj. Tawny, fox coloured: into
emtiiqwa, a tawny-coloured thing; o^ a
dirty, defaced colour; fig. disorderly, un-
wise, imprudent.
ukuti-Mtyu, v. t. To draw something out of
its place.
Mu, adv. Wholly, totally, without exception :
inkomo zipelile mu, the cattle are dead every
one.
ukuti-Mu, V. i. To be wholly gone, to be left
empty: kute-mu, there is nobody there ;/&m/^-
mu til, there is no food.
ukuti-Muku, V. t. To lift, move, take all at
once. V. i. To appear suddenly, come in
sight; to gush out suddenly, said of anything
239
MU
hidden: amasi esiike ntt-mnku, the milk
gushed out or appeared i.e. in the calabash.
nkuMukutk, = uknMokota, to chew.
i-Mula, «. 3. Dregs of coffee.
uku Muleka, v. i. To be astonished.
i-MuIeshe, «. 2. Nothing left (in a dish after
what was in it has been eaten); a thing not
to be found in spite ol search.
uku-Mulunga, v. t. To swing a garment
round the body; fig. wazimulunga, he turned
to look round.
isi Mumu, «. 4. A dumb, speechless, silent
person : ndipendule ungabi sisimumu, answer
me, don't stand speechless; mus' ukuzenza
isimumu, don't make yourself a 'dumbie'
said to one who refuses to speak.
Muna, = Mna, I: Hayi, muna, no, not I.
uku-Munamuna, r. t. To examine with
some degree of uncertainty.
— Munamunana. v. To try to hold, as a
young dog tries to hold a buck. Wamn-
7uvniiuana naye, he tried to throw him
down in wrestling.
uku-Munca, v. t. To suck the finger; to
suck the breast without getting anything
out.
isi-Muncumuncu, n. 4. Sweets.
Muncu, adj. Sour, brackish: isonka simii-
ncu, the bread is sour; iitywala obumuncu,
sour beer; amanzi amiincu, brackish water.
um-Muncwane, «. 6. Generic term for
the wood sorrel, Oxalis; it is used as a
medicine for tapeworm.
ukuti Muncululu, v. i. = iihiti-Sliwaka.
uku-Munga, i.-. i. Not to speak : wazimunga,
he kept his mouth shut.
uku-Mungunya, v. t. To suck anything (as
a sweet) while retaining it in the mouth ; to
munch.
isi-Munguny'igazi, n. 4. Lit. blood-sucker;
a fiy which sucks blood ; a leech.
uku-Munya, v. t. Em. To suck, as a child
at the breast.
MU
— Munyeka, v. To be getting thin.
isi-Munyumunyu, «. 4. Em. Sweets.
uku-Munyisa, v. To make to suck.
Musa! Neg. imperative, expressing entreaty
and exhortation, slurred into nis'; plur.
musani, msan'. Do not I you must not!
you don't mean to say so! mas' uhipuma!
do not go out! mus' nkumbeta! do not beat
him!
ubu-Muzumuzu, h. 7. Softness (in touch) ;
sweetness (in taste).
ulu-Mvi, n. 5. Plur. izimvi. A gray hair.
ukuti-Mvi, V. t. To sting; to pierce sharply;
fig. to inform in a very strict, private
manner: zve-mvi kiimantyi, he gave secret
information to the magistrate.
ulwa-Mvila, n. 5. plur. izamvila. A sting.
i-Mvumvu, M. 3. A quantity of light
material, as a mouse's nest ; crumbs, frag-
ments, shreds; small, useless, things; refuse,
remnants, waste, = uktidla oktiwayo apo aba-
iitu badlayo, kutativa ngabantwana, crumbs
which fall down where people eat, are
taken up by the children.
uku-Mvumvuzela, v. t. To shake out of the
hand; to sprinkle or let fall lightly; to
crumble fine (salt, sugar, etc.).
um-Mvumvu, «. 6. Camdeboo stinkwood
Celtis kraussiana Bernh.
Mvungumvungu, adj. Decayed, rotten (of
grass.)
uku Mvungula, v. t. To pick one's teeth; to
sharpen a saw.
u-MvunguJo, w. 5. Picking of the teeth;
used also derisively of a piece of meat so
small that it sticks between the teeth
and must be picked out.
Mxinwa, adj. Narrow: indlelu emxinwa, a
narrow path; isango elimxinwa, a narrow
gate ; from uku-Xina.
Mxingwa, adj. Narrowed by obstructions
on both sides ; from uku-Xinga.
Nis in Kafir a dental-nasal sound. ,
(a) When followed by a vowel, it has
the same sound as in the English nay, name: I
ndiftimene, I have found. j
(b) Before g and k it has a ringing sound, j
as in the English jinger=jingger, ink -iugk: j
ivgalo, arm; inkohlakalo, wickedness; and in !
the latter case it gives an expirated sound
to k. It has the same sound before vowels
in a few words, when it is marked n : Nan, a
lewd person.
(c) Before d and t it is sounded very
slightly: ndaJmmba, I went; akuko nto, there
is nothing; the combination «y is sounded
like //;/ in the English nude.
NA
(d) Before 5 and sh it demands the
insertion of euphonic t : uku-sikelela to bless,
in-t-sikelelo blessing; uku-shumayela to
preach, tn-t-shutnayelo preaching.
(e) Before hi it changes the h into / : uku-
hlala to sit, intlalo condition.
(f) Owing to the position of n at the end
of 3 cl. pref. and to the elision of this n
before a stem beginning with «, it is often
impossible to tell accurately which is the
first letter of the stem. Hence, in the
meantime, cross-reference is necessary,
See also the notes on the nasalised forms
of the clicks under c, q, and x.
Na, I. prep, (a) With: ndahamha naye, I
walked with him; benditeta nabo, I was
speaking with them. Na coalesces with
the article when present: ndadlala nofnntwa-
na (=^na umntwana), I played with the
child; ndahlartgana nelishwa { = na-Uishwa),
I met with misfortune.
(b) And: izulu nomhlaba ( = na-uin}daba),
heaven with the earth, i.e. heaven and
earth ;m«(;j nobaivo { — na-uhawo) , I with my
father, i.e. I and my father.
(c) in comparisons, with ku: ndhnkulu
kiinawe (contrac. kuwe), I am great in
comparison with you, i.e. I am greater
than you; lento intle kunaleyo, this thing is
beautiful in comparison with that, i.e. this
is more beautiful than that.
2. prep, with force of conj. (a) And : lemizi
yacitwa ngomlilo n&ngamanzi, these places
were destroyed by fire and water; kwenzi-
we kiitanda nakitthnba, it is done by love
and hope; samfima endlwini nasentsimini,
we sought him in the house and in the
garden ; ningapati nxowa yamali nangnbo,
carry neither purse nor garment.
(b) Both — and: sahamba nasemini nasebu-
siiku, we travelled both by day and by night.
(c) Also, even, too: naye zvemka, he too
left; nalomntu wafa, this man also died;
ndibabonile nam, I too have seen them;
ngubani-na lo ukuba nati shnpiilapiile? who
is this man, that even we should listen to
him? wafumana izinto nAbengazikumhulele,
he found things, even those he did not
think of; akako namnye tmintu, there is not
even one, i.e. there is no one, present ; andiyi
kuza nakanye, I shall not >:ome even once,
i.e. I shall never come.
(d) It is added to pronouns and conjunc-
tions to make them more emphatic: yena
he ; bona they ; lona it (the horse) ; ukuba-na-
ke, even if; nokuba-na-ke siyabandezelwa, but
whether we be afflicted.
FF 241
NA
(e) Prefixed to nouns, it forms abverbs :
namhla to-day, and unanamhla, till this day,
even to-day, from twihla, a day.
3. Interrogative particle for asking
questions: umbonile-na? have you seen
him ? affixed especially to all interrogative
pronouns: kiikangapi-na uyalwa? how often
are you warned ? aniwiselwe ndim-na umteto?
have not I commanded you ?
4. (a) Na in predication with or without
uka-Ba I expresses, to be with, i.e. to have :
ndinentloko, I have a head, i.e. my head
pains me ; (in hunting, when a bird is killed,
the boys call out : ndinentloko, ndinomlenze,
I claim the head, I claim a leg); ndoba
negnsha, I shall have sheep ; andinatyala, I
have no fault: amahashe alishumi elinamabini,
lit. horses ten which has two, i.e. twelve
horses.
Na combined with a relative pronoun
and followed by a noun gives a correspond-
ing adj. : umntu onamandla, a man who has
strength, i.e. a strong man; ihashe elina-
mendu, a horse which has speed, i.e. a swift
horse. In this signification, when the noun
has no article and na in consequence does
not coalesce,' the following adj. or pron.
(as usual in cases where the antecedent has
no article) does not take the relative:
unandazvo nina = unendawo enitia ? what mat-
ter have you? i.e. what ails you? what have
you to complain of? nnatyala lingakana-nina
— unetyala elingakananinaf how great a
debt hast thou ? i.e. what owest thou ?
(b) Na, with the infinitive or its pronoun
ko, expresses power or ability, like Eng.
'can' or 'be able to': ndinokuhamba, I can
walk ; andinakuhamba, I cannot walk ; u- Ttxo
unako uhisisindisa, God can save us ; ngapezu
kweninako ukutwala, above that ye are able
to bear; andisenako ukupiima nokungena, I
can no more go out and come in; woba
nako-fia nokubanika isonkaf will he be able
to give them bread also ?
Na, prefix of three sets of demonstratives of
all classes ; l cl. : nanku, here he is ; 2 cl. :
nalo, there it is {ihashe, horse); 3 cl.:
naiitsiya, yonder it is {into, thing) ; and so on.
Na, pron. subj. 2 p. plur. (a) of past tense
(aorist) : natwala, you carried ; nahamba, you
walked ; to be distinguished from past conj. :
natwala, and you carried.
(b) of temporal mood : nakuhamba, when
you walked ; nakuba nitwele, when you had
carried.
NA
uku-N6, V. I. To rain: kuyand, it rains; liyand
(izulu) imvula, the heaven rains rain. The
following forms must be distinguished: 2
cl. pi. abbrev. rel. amafu and, the clouds
which rain; absol. past ana, they rained;
conj. past, ana, and they rained ; short pres.
Ana, they rain.
— Nela, V. To rain upon: ilizwe linehve
yimvxila, the country has had rain upon it.
— Nisa, V. To cause to rain: iniswe ngubani-
na lemvula? by whom was this rain made
to fall.
um-Nis'lmvula, n. I. Rainmaker; cf. i-
Tola.
uku-Nisela, v. To make to rain for: ixdiya
kuninisela isonka sivela ezulwini, I will rain
bread from heaven for you.
ukuti-Na, V. i. Ingubo zite-na ngumoya, the
garments fly behind in the wind.
ukuti-Na, v. i. To be amazed: umlomo uti-na,
the mouth stands open from amazement.
ili-Na, n. 2. A large lump: ilitia lesonka, a
large lump of bread.
u-Na, «. I. contracted for u-Nina. His or her
mother.
um-Na, n. I. (contrac. from um-Ninawe);
used by sisters when speaking of their
brothers: umnakwetu, my or our brother
(belonging to the same family) ; vmnakwenu,
your brother (one of your house or family) ;
umnakwabo, her (a sister's) or their (sisters')
brother; umnakwayo, her (a girl's) brother;
umnakwazo, their (the girls') brother.
um-Na, n. 6. Itch on the head of infants.
Naba, dem. pron. I. cl. pi. Here they are
{abantu, people).
uku-Naba, v, t. To put forth shoots; to grow
long: amapuzi anabile, the pumpkins have
put forth shoots ; fig. to stretch out the feet
or body when feeling comfortable.
isa-Nabe, n. 4. One held in honour.
uku-Nabela, v. To stretch out for or
towards a certain place; fig. ivamnabela
intUziyo, he turned his heart to him. Phr.
wanabela vica, he bit the grass, i.e. he
fell and died.
— Nablsa, v. To make to spread : isandla
sako sabanabisa bona, Thy hand spread
them abroad.
— Nabalaza, v. i. To lie or swim stretched
out.
Nabanye, prep, with adj. i cl. pi. With
others; also others; even some (people).
Nabaya, dem. pron. i. cl. pi. Yonder they
are, i.e. there they are (abantwana, children).
NA
Nabo, dem. pron. (a) I cl. pi. There they are
(abantu, the people), (b) 7 cl. There it is
(ubukumkani, the kingdom).
Nabo, Prep, na and pron. I cl. pi. With
them, they also : ndatM nabo, I spoke with
them.
Prep, na and pron. 7. cl. With it, it also :
uhimkani nabo ubukumkani baki, the king
with his kingdom.
Nabu, dem. pron. 7. cl.: Here it is: nabu
ubuhle bake, here is his beauty.
i-Nabulele, n. 2. or 3. (plur. 3). A huge ante-
lope referred to in the intsomi, with a skin
large enough to provide karosses for twenty
men.
ukuNabulula, v. t. Em. To stretch out.
— Nabuluka, v. Em. To be stretched out ;
to stretch itself out (of what was shrunk-
en): amazulu anabulukile pizulu, the
heavens are stretched out above; of a
bird, to stretch out its wings when com-
mencing its flight; of a snake or of an
elastic substance, to unfold its coils.
Nabunye, adj. 7. cl. Even one, with negative
" not one " ; cf. Na 2.c. and Nye.
Nabuya, dem. pron. 7 cl. Yonder it is
(ubumpi, enmity).
i-NAFU, V. 3. The nave of a wheel; fr. Du.
naaf.
uku-Naka, v. t. To accuse a person falsely-
of a crime or misdemeanour ; to bring a
person into misfortune or calamity by tell;
ing lies about him, or by commissioning
him to perform a difficult undertaking:
uiidinakile, you have brought me into mis-
fortune.
um-NakI, n. I. A false accuser.
uku-Nakeka, v. Ndinakekile, I am injured,
brought into calamity.
Nakabani! Mother of So-and-so! A term of
address by a man to a woman,
Nakaloku, And even now; see Oku.
uku-Nakana, v. i. To see from far, dimly,
indistinctly; to receive such impressions
from the circumstances of a case or course
of events that an inference is drawn there-
from by the mind, i.e. to guess ; to have an
inkling of a thing; to begin to comprehend
or understand a little.
ama-Nakani ) ^ Glimpses,
ama-Nakanibe, j ^ ^ '
glances, dim views : ngoku sikangela encwa-
dini yokuzibona ngokwamaiiakanihe, now
we see in a mirror darkly ; fig. the action
of the mind in arriving at a conclusion;
an inkling, uncertainty, suspense, indeci-
242
NA
sion; a dark dread or apprehension of
meeting a ghost or snake, which hinders
one from passing a place.
ukuNakana, v. To discern one another.
— Nakaneka, v. To be discerned, recog-
nised : abanakaneki ezitrateni, they are not
known in the streets.
— Nakanisa, 1/. To make known dimly;
to give an inkling of a matter.
isi-Nakanakazana, n. 4. A low, worthless
female.
Nakancinane, Even a little; see Ncinane;
with the neg., not even a little ; not in the
least.
Nakanye and u-Nakanye, adv. Even once;
negat. never.
i-Nakazi, n. 3. fem. of i-Nala. A cow with
parti-coloured patches, especially with
white patches: inakazi ebotnvu, a red cow
with spots; inakazi emnyama, a black cow
with spots.
Nako, dem. pron. 8 cl. There it is! nako
ukufa ! there is death 1
Nako, prep, na and pron. 8 cl. With it, it
also.
Naku, Temp, mood 2 pers. plur.: nakufika,
when you arrived ; nukuba nidlile when you
had eaten.
Nakuba, Nakubeni, Even if, etc.; see uku-
Ba I. B.
Nakunye, adj. 8 cl. Even one : akuko nakunye
ukvtya, there is no food at all.
Nakuya, dent. pron. 8 cl. Yonder it is
{ukudla, food.)
Nakwakuba, Nakv*'akubeni, Nasekubeni,
Even when ; see uku-Bci I, B.
umNakwabo, um-Nakwayo, um-Nakwa-
zo, um-Nakwenu, and umNakwetu, see
um-Na.
i-Nala, n. 3. An animal or thing which has
a white patch or patches (but only a few)
on a red ground. This word is also used
to denote a spot or spots of other colour,
in which case the chief colour is specified:
inkahi enala, a red ox with white spots,
but if the ox is darkbrown with white
spots, it is called inal' entsundu.
NSIi, dem. pron. 2 cl. sing. Here it is
nali ihashe, here is the horse.
i-NALITI, n. 3. A needle, from Du. naald.
NalJya, dem. pron. 2 cl. sing. Yonder it is
naliya ilizwe, yonder is the country.
Nalo, dem. pron. There it is. (a) 2 cl. sing.
NA
Nalo, [Prep, na with pron. With it, it also.
(a) 2 cl. sing.: ihashe lalahleka nalo, the
horse also got lost, (b) 5 cl. sing.: nda-
buya nalo (ubisij, I returned with it
(the milk).
Nalu, dem. pron. 5 cl. sing. Here it is:
nalu utando; here is love.
Nalunye, adj. 5 cl. sing. Even one: akagaula-
nga nalunye ulutt, he did not cut even one
stick, i. e. he cut no stick at all.
Naluya, dem. pron. 5 cl. sing. Yonder it is:
naluya udada, yonder is the jungle.
Nam, prep. tia. with I p. pron. With me, I also,
and I: wateta nam, he spoke with me;
yena nam, he and I; wandibeia nam, he
beat me, me also.
ukuti-NAMA, V. To fasten upon; to cleave
to; to adhere to, to stick to: ute-nama
amehlo ak^ him, he fixed his eyes upon me ;
waselezitt-nama kumfo olapa, he had already
joined himself to the man here.
isa-Nama, and isi-Nama, n. 4. Love-grass,
Panicum verticillatum L., a kind of grass
which attaches itself firmly to the clothes.
Phr. isinama ndokunamatela, I, the adhesive
grass, will stick fast to you; (a warning
to avoid a bad habit or an unworthy
companion who cannot easily be got
rid of).
uku-Nameka, v. pass, nanyekwa. To fasten,
attach; to plaster a wall; to glue or
fasten with cement ; to cover (a hole
or pit with leaves): kunanyekwa indonga
zendlu, the walls of the house are being
plastered over.
— Namatela, v. To adhere, stick, cleaYt
to; to adhere steadfastly, tenaciously
to, as isinama to clothes : iidaka alunama-
teli eludongeni, the plaster will not stick
to the wall ; fig. namatela e-Nkosini, cleave
to the Lord ; unamatele emfazini wake,
he is attached to his wife, i.e. he
loves her dearly; umlilo awunamatele,
the fire does not catch.
isi-Namatelo, n. 4. Adhesiveness, cohe-
siveness, attachment.
uku-Namatelana, To cleave to one
another; to hold together.
— Namateiisa, v. To cause to adhere ; to
cement: wayinamatelisa i?nbiza ijile, he
cemented the pot, it being broken.
— Namatisela, v. To seal as with wax:
ndayinamattsela incwadi, I put a seal upon
the letter.
nalo Hi fa, there is the inheritance, (b) 5 cl. I um-Nama, n. 6. The silk-bark, Gymnosporia
sing.: nalo usana, there is the child. I acuminata (L.).
243
NA
u-Namatuba, n. I. An edible root in the
forest.
i-Namba, n. 3. The python, Python sebse
(GmelJ. Imiqolo yenauiha, the python's back-
bone, is the name of a song sung at the
intlombe.
i-Nambezulu, n. 3. The Boomslang or tree
snake, Dispholidus typus (Smith).
uku-Nambita, v. Em. To chew ; to retain a
thing in the mouth, because it is palatable; to
relish; to delight in listening to the speech of
a man who knows and speaks the language
well : ilizivi lako ndiyalinambila, litigene
entliziyweni, your word I relish, it has gone
to my heart ; cf. iikii-Nandipa.
ukuti-Nambu, v. i. To go straight to or at
one ; to attack.
isi-Nainbunambu, w. 4. A slow inert
person or animal, that creeps in moving.
u Nambuiiambukazi, ;/. I. One who
walks slowly, not in haste.
uku Nambiiza, v. To move or creep along
slowly.
isi Nambuzane, «. 4. A creeping creature;
an insect.
uku-Nambuzela, v. To creep, crawl as
an insect ; to go on the hands and knees;
to feel a crawling in the body.
ukuti-Namfu, v. i. To catch at with the
hand ; = iikiiti-Kamfu and uknt'i-Xamfu.
Namhla, nanamhla, nainhla-nje, see iwt-
Hla.
Namnye, adj. I and 6 cl. Even one; in the
negative " not one " : akashiya namnye umiitu
or umt'i, he left not even one, i.e. none
(person or tree).
uku-NamuluIa, v. f. To separate things
which are glued together or intertwined.
— Namuluka, v. To be separated.
isi-Nana, Jt. 4. A nobleman, a rich dignified
person, a councillor; a gorgeously attired
person.
i-Nariamfu, «. 3. A big, swollen thing.
i-Nariane, n. 3. The hadada or green ibis,
Theristicus hagedash (Lath.), so named
from its cry.
Phr. utatisele amatole enanatie, you have
taken the young of the hadada, and you
will be kept mindful of it by the birds'
crying after you, i.e. you have offended a
vindictive man.
i-ISariasholo, w. 3. That which is clumsy,
coarse.
uku-Nanazela, v. i. To flutter, as a mother-
bird over her young; to run and report
news without being sent, ^ uku-Hehezela.
nA
Nandawo-nJna? What is the matter? see
in-Daivo and Nina.
isi-Nandile, n. 4. A gun.
uku-Nandipa, v. i. from Mnandi pleasant.
(a) To have a taste of something and to
want more ; cf. uku-Namhita. (b) To expect,
desire with joy : ndinandip'ile kuba kiiza kufika
tibaivo, I am filled with joyful anticipation,
because my father is coming.
— Nandipeka, v. To be desirable.
— Nandipela, w. To joyfully desire or
anticipate something.
— Nandipisa, v. To cause joy and joyous
anticipation.
u-Na'ndipiso, v. 5. A thing which causes
delight : intaba zonandiplso, the Delectable
mountains.
uku-Nanela, v. i. Em. To exchange shouts
of joy; to exhilarate, cheer; to respond to
a favour by shouting with joy and gratitude.
isi-Nanelo, n. 4. Em. A shout of joy,
manifestation of gratitude.
uku-Nanelana, z. To shout one to another.
Nanga, 2 p. pi. aor. of uhi-Nga (a) and (b).
Nanga, dctn. pron. 2 cl, pi. Here they are:
nilnga amatole, here are the calves.
i-Nanga, n. 3. One who explains his case
well : lomntu yinatiga, this man explains his
case properly.
i-Nangananga, n. 2. A thing of many
bright colours.
Nangani, A\i\\ough.; = Nangona.
Nangaya, dem. pron. 2 cl. pi. Yonder they
are: nangaya amadoda, yonder are the
men.
Nango, Dem. pron. 2 cl. pi. There they are:
ndngo amakwenkwc, there are the boys.
6 cl. sing.: nango utntl, there is the tree.
Nangoku, And now, even now; see Oku.
Nangona, (nangani), conj. And suppose,
even granting, even allowing it, and be it
so or even so; although: nangona bendiyi-
ndoda yabo, although I was a husband to
them; nangona uselishweni, mus'ukoyika,
although you are in trouble, do not fear.
Nangu, dem. pron. 6 cl. sing. Here it is: na-
tigii utntomho ovelisa amanzi amahle, here is
the fountain which gives delicious water.
Nanguya, dem. pron. 6. cl. sing. Yonder
it is : nanguya ummango esiya kunyuka wona,
yonder is the ridge which we shall climb.
Nani, prep, na with pron. 2 p. pi. With you,
ye also : ndiya kuhamba nani, I shall go with
you.
244
NA
NanI, contrac. aux. 2 p. pi.; see Nayc: nani-
ya kuteta, you should have spoken, or you
will speak.
i-Nani, «. 2. Number, sum, price, amount,
worth, value : andazi inani lajnadoda akoyo
apa, I do not know the number of men pre-
sent; uteiige iqiya nganani-lini? for what
price did you buy the handkerchief?
Nanina, interrog. pron. What is the matter?
see Ninaf
Nanini, For ever, at any time, etc.; see Nini.
Nanko, dc7n. pron. I. cl. sing. There he is:
nanko unifazi esiteta yena, there is the wo-
man of whom we speak.
Nanku. dem. pron. I cl. sing. Here he is: ud-
nku unihlobo warn, here is my friend. It is
often used with the I pers. sing, and pi.:
nanku ndilapa or sihtpa here I am or here
we are.
Nankuya, detn. pron. l cl. sing. Yonder he
is: nankuya iimfana zvani, yonder is my
young man.
i-Nanolo, n. 3. A big, swollen wound.
Nanto-nina? What is the matter? see in-To
and Nina ?
Nantsi, dem. pron. 3 cl. sing. Here it is:
natitsi igusha yam elahlekileyo, here is my
lost sheep; 6 cl. pi.: tiantsi imilambo enda-
yiwelayo, here are the rivers I crossed.
u-NantsI, n. I. Such a one; applied to
persons whose names have been forgotten,
or are not known: ndateta ngo-Nantsi, I
spoke of So-and-so; ukuze u-Nantsi ata-
hate i-Nantsi, that each should take of it:
lika-Nantsi-yia, = ifanele, it seems so.
i-Nantsi, n. 2. Such a thing; applied to
something whose name has been forgotten,
or which it is not desirable to mention ex-
pressly : inantsi ncnantsi, this and that ; base-
manantsini, they are busy with (or are in)
matters of the clan which must not be
mentioned.
uku-Nantsa, v. To do such and such a thing
(the meaning being understood by the
parties talking and concealed from
others).
Nantsiya, dem. pron. 3 cl. sing. Yonder it
is: nantsiya ihagu yibamhe, yonder is the pig,
catch it; 6 cl. pi.: nantsiya imitl eneziqamo
ezininzi, yonder are the trees that have
much fruit.
Nantso, de?n. pron. 3 c^. sing. There it is:
nantso intaka oyifunayo, there is the bird you
seek; 6 cl. pi.: nantso imikala yamahashe,
there are the bridles of the horses.
NA
Nanye, adj. 3 cl. sing. Even one, in the neg.
none : ndazifuna igusha, andibonanga nanye, I
looked for the sheep, but found not even one.
uku-Nanza, v. t. To approve of; to esteem,
respect, pay attention to; to be pleased
with; to fancy: ndiyinanzile iq'iya-le, I like
this handkerchief ; to have an interest in;
to have a delight in: 7iiya kuba lilizwe
elinanziweyo, ye shall be a delightsome
land; in the neg. it means, to esteem
lightly, not to care for: andizinanzile
impahla zake, I care very little for his things,
or regard his things very little.
— Nanzananza, v. To come often (into a
shop), to look at a thing much desired
without speaking.
Nanziya, dem. pron. Yonder they are. (a) 3
cl. pi.: nanziya inkabi eziya kntsala namhla,
yonder are the bullocks which are to pull
to-day. (b) 5 cl. pi.: nanziya inkuko zokalala,
yonder are the sleeping-mats.
Napakade, adv. Ever, everlasting: andiyi ku-
hlala apa napakade, I shall not live here for
ever; in the neg. never: tiimmelene-naf
have you agreed? napakade! never! cf.
i-Pakade.
u-Napakade, n. I. That which has no
bounds, never ends; eternity; used as adj.:
ubomi ohungunapakade, eternal life; ngo-
napakade kanapakade, the eternity of eter-
nity. Used as adv. For ever: ii-Moya
warn awukulaula ngonapakade, my spirit
shall not rule for ever.
Napi, Wheresoever; see Phia.
Nasi, dem. pron. 4 cl. sing. Here it is: tata,
nasi isitya, take, here is the vessel.
Nasinye, adj. 4. cl. sing. Even one; in the
neg. not one : cima izibane, ungayeki nasinye,
extinguish the candles, do not leave even
one.
Nasiya, dem. pron. 4 cl. sing. Yonder it is :
nasiya isonka, yonder is the bread.
NaSD, dem. pron. 4 cl. sing. There it is: naso
isiza ofun' ukwaka kuso, there is the place
where you wish to build,
Naso, prep, na with pron. 4. cl. sing. With
it, it also : zalisa naso esositya, fill also that
vessel,
uku Nata, t). /. To drink in the whole, gulp
in, swallow up; fig. to gather in by means
of a net; to catch fish.
um-Nata, n. 6. "Cat's cradle", a string
game played by children on the fingers ;
a net for catching fish; umnatakazi, a
large net.
um-Natd, n. 6. Em. Beer (something to
i wet the lips with).
245
NA
ukuti-Natya, v. t. (a) To ride to death : wrt/rti-
natya ihashc, he rode the horse to death, (b)
To spread out a blanket.
ukuti-Nau, v. i. Of a young bird, to open its
mouth and receive without discrimination
whatever food is offered to it ; euphem. to
be open to receive all who come.
i-Nau, M. 2. A whoremonger, fornicator;
inaukazi, a harlot, prostitute ; one who is
ready to receive all that come.
ubu-Nau, n. 7. Lewdness, unchastity.
uku-Nauza, v. To commit whoredom.
Nawo, prep, na (a) with pron. 6 cl. sing.
With it, it also: ndawela nawo lomlatnho, I
crossed also this river ; (b) with pron. 2 cl.
pi. With them, they also: ndahamba
nawo (amadoda), I walked with them (men).
Naye, aux. of compound tenses, 2 p. pi.: naye
nisebenza, contrac. nanisebena, you were
working, or you used to work ; na(ye) niya
kulima, you would have ploughed; see
uku-Ya.
Naye, prep, rw with pron. I cl. sing. With
him, ndahamba naye, I went with him.
Nayo, prep, na with pron. 3 cl. sing. With
it, it also : ndaxela lenkomo nayo, I slaughtered
this cow also.
Naza, 2 p. pi. past tense of ukii-Za, used
idiomatically to introduce a further state-
ment. Then: naza napendida, then you
answered; see ukti-Za.
Nazi, dent. pron. pi. Here they are; 3 cl.:
nazi inkomo eziya kusengwa, here are the
cows to be milked ; 4 cl. : nazi izitya zamanzi,
here are the vessels for water; 5 cl.: nazi
indada apo ingada ikona, here are the thickets
where the wild-cat lives.
Naziya, dem. pron. 4 cl. pi. Yonder they
are: naziya izitshetshe zokusika inyama,
yonder are the knives for cutting meat.
Nazo, dem. pron. pi. There they are; 3
cl. : nazo intaka endiya kuzidiibida, there are
the birds which I shall shoot; 4 cl.: nazo
izibonda endizigaideyo, there are the poles I
have cut ; 5 cl. : nazo intsana endizitandayo,
there are the babies I liked.
Nazo, prep, na with pron. pi. With them,
they also. 3 cl.: andahlukana nazo (izinto),
I did not part with them (the things) ; 4 cl. :
yiza nazo (izitya), come with them (the
vessels) ; 5 cl. : bopa nazo fizintij, bind them
also (the laths).
Nci, With or without impondo, adv. expres-
sing a strong degree of the preceding
verb: sancokola nca, we chatted a great
NC
deal; kuyatshatwa nca impondo, there are
many marriages, marrying is all the rage.
ukuti-Nca, v. i. To stick, adhere to, as one
substance to another; fig. to be near or
about one, as the shirt to the body;
fig. to be attached to one.
ukutdna-Nca, v. To hold fast to a pursuit
or course of conduct: watana-nca naye,
he was of one heart with him.
i-Nca, n. 3. General term for grass.
i-Ncaca, w. 3. That which is green, unripe:
inqolawa encaca, green wheat.
uku-Ncaca, v. i. To move one's residence
from one place to another; to reside in
different localities.
— Ncdcela, v. To go away slyly, secretly.
um-Ncaca and um-Ncdcele, n. 6. plur, imi-
ncacele. A bastard between a European and
a Kafir; a thin, pale, sickly-looking person.
i-Ncagu, n. 3. Em. A jug for drinking
Kafir-beer.
i-Ncaka, n. 2. A curly-headed person.
ama-Ncaka, n. 2. Long, soft hair.
i-Ncakancaka, ?<. 3. The uvula ; the mem-
brane attached to the soft palate and
hanging over the glottis or backpart of
the tongue.
i-Ncakuba, n. 3. Em. A small, sharp instru-
ment for letting blood.
i-Ncaluba and i-Ncaluka, n. 3. A plant of
the order Iridaceae, possibly Hypoxis sp.,
with yellow flowers and good for thatching;
= i-Nkomfe.
ukuti-Ncam, v. i. To be exactly alike ; to be
equal; to fit exactly; to be intimate: uziti-
ncam kum, he is intimate with or attached
to me ; uyanditanda ncam, he is attached to
me. adv. Exactly.
i-Ncam, n. 2. and 3. The end or point of
a thing: iticam yentonga, the end of the
staff; fig. the highest, best, uttermost;
dimin. incanyana. Used as adj. Small,
narrow.
uku-NCAMA, V. i. pass, ncanywa. To be at
one's wit's end; to be disappointed; to give
up all hopes; to despair; to be discouraged;
to abandon: ndiktincamile, I despaired of
you ; ndiyincamile lonkomo, I have given up,
abandoned that cow ; to spend : ndayincama
imali yam esifeni, I spent my money on the
sickness ; noselede umoniwancanywa ngabanye,
even if the sinner has already gone so far
that others despair of him; ncama! never
hope (to get or to do it) I akuncami-naf
wouldn't you like it? don't you wish you
may get it ?
246
NC
— Ncameka, v. To be without hope:
kuncamekile, there is no hope.
— Ncamela, v. To give up entirely; to
deliver up for some particular purpose :
wasincamela umpefumlo wake, he laid
down his life for us.
— Ncamisa, v. (a) To deprive of hope ; to
put out of countenance; to disconcert,
(b) To resign oneself; to cause complete
satisfaction and delight: wancamisa um-
xelo or intliziyo kitye, he gave himself
wholly up or over to him. adv. ngoku-
ncamisileyo, beyond measure, exceedingly,
superabundantly; umzali olunge wanca-
misa, an exceedingly good parent.
i-Ncamisa, w. 2. That which is eminent;
one who excels : iilincamisa lesidenge, he
is the greatest fool.
isi-Ncamisa, «. 4. The delivering up,
giving over of oneself; attachment, re-
signation; that which gives great satis-
faction.
isi-Ncamiso, n. 4. A kiss, consolation,
encouragement.
uku-Ncamisisa, v. To cause to despair.
uku-Ncamatela, = uku-Namatela.
— Ncamatelisa, = uku-Namatelisa.
isi-Ncamatiselo, «. 4. Adherence, seal-
ing, confirmation; a seal.
i-Ncamazana, n. 3. Small birds.
uku-Ncamba, v. t. To give in charity to
one who is in need; fig. to communicate
news.
— Ncambela, v. To give over; to impart:
ndimncambele indaba, I gave him the
news.
— Ncambisa, v. To cause or make to
give or impart.
uku-Ncambaca, i;. /. To feel quite at home;
to take what one likes, as a child at home.
— Ncambana, v. To give to one another.
uku-Ncameka, =uku-Nyameka.
— Ncamekela, = uku-Nyamekela.
ukuti-Ncamfu, v. i. To enter: iimkonto wati-
ncamfu kuhle, the assegai entered a little,
only the tip.
uku-Ncamla, v. i. To taste a thing, as food;
to take only a little.
Note.— It refers to an old custom in which a person
presenting milk to another sipped a little himself
first to shew that it was not poisoned. It refers also
to a number of people eating out of the same pot,
and using the same spoon in rotation.
um-Ncamli, n. 1. One who tastes the
food for a chief, before offering it to
^im ; a butler.
247
Tribute, tax, due.
Any viscid, sticky, ad-
NC
isi-Ncamlo, n. 4. "^
um-Ncamlo, n. 6. J
ubu-Ncamli, n. 7. The office of nmncamli.
uku-Ncamlela, v. To taste for.
um-Ncamo, «. 6. A farewell feast, esp. the
wedding-feast at the bride's home.
uku-Ncanca, v. i. Of a child, to be still at
its mother's breast: intsana ezingancanciyo
konina, infants which are not at their
mothers' breasts.
uku-Ncancata, v. t. Not to fight from fear.
uku-Ncancata, v. i. To perform a seeming-
ly difficult operation easily, without
putting out much energy.
i-Ncanda, n. 4. The South African porcupine,
Hystrix africae-australis Peters, spoken of
under the euphemistic name of in-Kosazana,
the little lady.
i-NcangatI, w. 3. \
u-Ncangati, n. 5. J
hesive, glutinous, tough substance, as glue,
treacle, dough, mortar: izandla zako zilu-
ncangati, your hands are sticky.
u-Ncanyiweshe, n. 5. from uku-Ncama. An
obstinate, unruly person : wena unguncanyi-
weshe, you who are given up in despair, i.e.
an obstinate person.
i-Ncape, «. 3. and isa Ngcap^, n. 4. The
South African stonechat, Pratincola tor-
quatus (L.).
i-Ncarancara, n. 3. The uvula ; = z-iVca^a-
ncaka.
i-Ncasa, n. 3. Flavour, taste, sweetness.
uku-Ncatama, v. i. To hide, conceal oneself
behind an object or in the grass; to lurk or
scout: make ndittcatame kuye, let me have
a place of shelter or retreat with him.
— Ncatamela, v. To lie close, lurk for a
purpose, as a thief.
um-Ncatshi, n. I. A traitor.
i-Ncatu, n. 3. One who is sober, moderate:
utnntu oiicatu, an abstemious person.
ubu-Ncatu, n. 7. Moderation, abstemiousness
in eating and drinking.
um-Ncatyane, //. 6. Cryptocarpa sp.
i-Ncawa, n. 3, Anything rough; sack-cloth, a
worn-out blanket.
uku-Ncaza, v. t. To ask for tobacco or snufif:
ndize kuncaza kiiwe, I come to ask a little
tobacco from you.
i-Ncaza, n. 3. A tobacco-box.
uku-Ncazana, v. To ask tobacco from
each other.
— Ncazela, v. To give tobacco: ndincazele,
give me tobacco.
NC
i-Nceba, n. 3. Compassion, mercy, tender
feeling, kindness, amiability of disposition :
abaticnccba, the merciful.
i-Ncebeta, n. 3. Attire of beads used by the
women as a breast co/ering when they
take a walk; and by men, when they have
no isi-Dahaiie.
uku-Nceda, v. t. To help, assist, aid: ndincede,
help me ; to turn to profit ; eaph. to relieve
nature, akazincedi, he is constipated.
um-Ncedi, n. I. A helper, assistant.
isi-Ncedo, n. 4. Help, remedy, expedient.
u-Ncedo, n. 5. Help, assistance.
uku-Ncedakala, v. To be helped, assisted;
euph. to be safely delivered of a child.
— Ncedana, v. To help each other.
aba-Ncedani, ;/. l.pl. Fellow-helpers.
uku-Ncedeka, v. To be useful, or helped;
fig. umfazi ii/iceJekile, the woman has been
delivered of a child.
— Ncedela, v. To be useful for.
— Ncedisa, v. To assist in helping; to
contribute to something; to help.
um-Ncedisi, n. I. One who works under
or along with another; a helper, an
assessor.
uku-Ncedisana, v. To assist; to give help
to each other.
— Ncedisisa, v. To help forward.
i-Ncede, w. 3. The tawnj^-headed grass-
warbler, Cisticola fulvicapilla (VieilL), so
called from its cry.
Ncedencede, adj.^ Nccndcncoide.
i-Nceka, ti. 3. Em. Anything loved much
white paint.
ukuti-Ncekece, v. i. To sit on the posteriors;
to sit with hands clasped in front of the
knees; to remain.
uku-Ncekelela, v. i. To persevere; also =
tiyamckela. v. t. To gain over ; to approach
with smooth, coaxing words; to coax,
flatter, wheedle.
um-Ncekeleli, n. I. Flatterer, wheedler.
sycophant.
u-Ncekelelo, ;/. 5- Flattery.
i-Ncekenceke, //. 3. That which is soft, as
hair, wool.
i-Ncekevu, n. 3. A hateful thing or person.
i-Nceku, n. 3. Orig. an officer or servant of
the royal household on whom the king,
when walking or standing, leans, and who
presents the food to the king; an adjutant;
now a beloved one. Fern, iiicekiikazi.
ubu-Nceku, //. 7. The office discharged by
inci'ku or incckukazi. I
uku-Ncela, v. t. Of a calf, to suck the last I
drop of milk : ildle sclincdilc kitngckabotshiva I
NC
unina, the calf had already sucked the last
drop before its mother was tied up; fig. to
exhaust.
— Ncelisa, v. To cause to suck the last
drop.
um-Ncele, n. 6. Tall grass used for thatch.
i-Ncembu, n. 3. The edible bulb of the blue
lily, from which bird-lime is prepared ;
bird-lime.
ukuti-Ncence, v. i. = ukH Ncenceza.
uku-Ncencesha, v. To lead water; to
irrigate.
i-Ncenceshe, n. 3. } -.,, ,
um-Ncencesho, n. 6. ] Water-course.
uku-Ncenceshela, v. To lead vrater for
or into.
— T'lcenceza, v. i. To run, ripple, as water;
to bubble, spout, as a fountain.
i-Ncenceloku, n. 3. A large white sea bird
that goes in flocks. (?)
Ncendencende, adj. Tender, soft to the
feeling; depressed, timorous: iivalo oltuice-
ndcnccttde, a tender conscience.
ubu-Ncendencende, n. 7. Tenderness, soft-
ness of feeling; the anguish of a tender,
roused conscience (in which one feels
alternately warm and cold); want of
vigour and manliness of feeling.
uku-Ncendezela, v. i. To persevere in
spite of difficulties, and also in being kind
notwithstanding unkind treatment; to be
lenient, forbearing.
u-Ncendezelo, w. 5. Perseverance, cle-
mency, moderation, forbearance.
uku-Nceteza, z. t. To give private informa-
tion respecting a person; to inform against
one; to betray, misrepresent, calumniate;
to conspire secretly: wanceteza ahmitn enko-
sini, he gave private information to the
chief about the people; ^\so U5ed. = ukucela
knye.
um-Ncetezi, n. i. A private informer,
traducer, betrayer.
isi-Ncetezo, n. 4. Private information.
u-Ncetezo, v. 5. Betraying, traducing.
uku-Ncetezela, v. To speak privately to
one person for another, so as to obtain
for him a favour; to interest oneself for
or in behalf of another; wandincethela
ciikosini may mean, he put in a good or
bad word for me, or he spoke for me to
the chief, or he was speaking evil of me
to the chief.
— Ncetezisa, v. To induce a person to
inform against another or to speak evil
of another, whether by bribery or per-
suasion ; to suborn.
248
NC
Nci ! interj. (a) of painful feeling, caused by
pressing, pinching, hurting ; = ««'/</ (b) of
displeasure, indignation: let me alone! do
not tease me I
isi-Nci, n. 4. The mane of an animal. Phr.
wavusa isinc'i, he was in wrath.
i-Nci, n. 3. The aard wolf, Proteles cristatus
(Sparrman).
NCI, adj. Little.
ngokuncl, adv. Of no importance.
um-NcI, n. I. and i-Nci, 11. 3. The little,
smaller, younger one: umnci kwahanye,
younger than others.
ama-Nci, n. 2. />/. Tens; used instead of
amaShumi in connection with hundreds:
ikulu elviamanci mahhnu, a hundred and
fifty.
Ncinci, adj. Small; (a less dignified form
than ncinane, and commonly used by
children).
Ncikane, and Ncinane, aJ;. Little, small :
umntu omncinanc, a little person; wandite-
nga umntu ndisemvcinmie, I have been a
bondman from my youth; dimin. ncina-
natxa, very small.
Kancinane, adv. In a small quantity or
degree : galela into encinane or kancinane,
pour in a little or gently; nakancinane,
even a little; with a neg. not even a
little.
ubu-Ncinane, n. 7. Smallness, littleness,
diminutiveness, insignificance : ubuncina-
tie bam, my childhood.
uku-Nciba, v. t. To do mechanical work; to
mend, repair, refit.
i-Ncibi, ?!. 3. A mechanic, skilled labourer ;
also the technical name for the man who
circumcises the abakmeta ; incibi yentsimbl,
a smith; inctbi yemitt, a carpenter, a doc-
tor; inc'ihi yamanzi, a man called to assist
another in crossing a full river.
ubu-Ncibi , n. 7. Skill in workmanship ; art.
imi-Ncili, n. 6. pi. Gladness, joyousness
cheerfulness; rejoicing: esisiganeko sibange
iminciliemikuluknlomzi, this event has caused
great rejoicing at this village,
i-Ncilikiti, n. 3. Em. Weakness, fainting,
swooning, giddiness, swimming in the brain :
ndinencilikiti, I am idHnimg^ — in-Cilikiti.
uku-Ncina, v. t. To try, sift a thing by press-
ing or crumbling it with the fingers ; fig. to
observe, consider, weigh, ponder minutely;
to inquire, examine (as a judge) : siyancinwa
namhla, we are examined to-day.
Ncinane, see under Nci.
NC
uku-Ncinca, v. i. and t. To eat to excess; to
drink (coffee, Kafir beer) abundantly; to
feed lavishly: ndizakuzincinca ngokutya-na
ezikati? am I to give these cats more food?
— NcJncisa, v. To give lavish supplies of
food, or, more especially, of Kafir beer.
Ncinci, see under Nci.
ukuti-Ncincilili, r. i. To go right through
to the end ; to be at the end.
uku-Ncinda, v. t. To dip a sop or finger into
gravy, soup, honey, fat, and to eat with the
hand.
i-Ncindi, n. 3. Pure liquid honey from the
white virgin part of the comb; juice of
the grape ; sap, syrup.
i-Nciniba, n. 3. The southern ostrich, Stru-
thio australis Gurn.
uku Ncininda, v. i. Em. To bite into pieces.
uku-Ncinita, v. t. To demolish (glass by
hail); to extirpate, kill and destroy; to
make an end of an opponent by repeated
quick stabs with an assegai ; to kill outright.
um-Nciniti, n. I. An executioner.
uku-Ncintisana, v. To vie with each other;
to endeavour to outdo each other.
uku-NCIP'A, V. i. To grow less, to decline :
utnzimba wake uyancipa, his body grows
thinner.
ubu-Ncip6, n. 7. Low condition, lowness.
uku-Ncipeka, v. To become less (than
the usual price) ; to get into a mean or
low state, or lower condition.
— Ncipisa, v. pass, ncitshiswn. To make
less, smaller ; to reduce, diminish.
i-Ncipiso, m. 3. Reduction, diminution.
uku-Ncipisela, v. To come short in some
matter: bapiwe bonke ngohininzi, kanti
ndincitshiselu-e mna, they all receive
abundantly, but I am left without, or
receive sparingly, or am neglected, or
come short.
i-Ncita, n. 3. used as adj. Darkbrown.
ukuti-Nciti, v. i. To have it grow dark be-
fore the eyes; to faint.
isi-Nciti, 71. 4. = isi Nyiti.
i-Nciyo, n. 3. A woman's modesty apron,
etc. ; see in Ciyo.
Nco, adj. Of cattle, red and white, when
the colours are distributed with tolerable
evenness and in small patches: inkabi enco,
a white and red spotted ox; imazi encokazi,
a white and red cow.
i-Nc6bo, n. 3. Many (goods, mealies, dishes):
ndiiteiicobo yempahla, I have many things.
i-NCOKO, n. 3. A jester, joker; one who
entertains by amusing others.
GG
249
NC
isi-Ncoko, n. 4. Caressing: izivcoko zakd
zimnandi, thy caresses are sweet ; conver-
sation, jokes, amusing stories.
ubu-Ncoko, n. 7. Intimate, familiar con-
versation; chatting; an entertainment
where stories are told and jokes cracked.
uku-Ncokola, v. To hold free and inti-
mate intercourse; to converse, chat,
joke; to speak familiarly, as among
friends ; to gossip.
— Ncokolela, v. To boast, praise oneself.
— Ncokolelana, v. To praise or bet one's
own against another's.
— Ncokolisa, v. To make love to a girl ;
to caress, fondle: wan<:okoliswa vgu-
NmUsi, So-and-so was chatting to her,
drawing her out.
isi-Ncokoliso, w. 4. Lovemaking, caressing,
fondling.
uku-NcoIa, V. t. To admit, acknowledge, con-
fess: walincola ityala laki, he admitted his
guilt or debt; loayincold into ayip'weyo, he
acknowledged the favour he had received
he owned it with gratitude.
uku-Nc61a, V. i. To be foul, dirty, unclean;
polluted, corrupt, dark, murky: izandla
zakd zincolile, thy hands are dirty; imikwa
yakh incble kangaka, his manners are so dirty.
This word must be carefully distinguished
from uku-Ncold.
— Nc6lisa, V. To make dirty; to defile,
foul, pollute.
isi-Nc6liso, n. 4. Dirty matter; carnal
intercourse ; lovemaking.
uku-Ncola, xu i. To emit involuntarily
semen virile.
u-Ncolo, «. 5. Emission of semen virile.
uku-NcoIela, v. To pollute : uyazincolela,
he defiles himself.
i-Nc6lo, n. 3. The juice of a climber, like
the is-Aqoni, growing by the sea. The
roots are cooked, and the first water which
is sweet is thrown away ; the second water
when drunk has a stupefying effect like the
juice of aloe flowers, and benumbs the
limbs, so as to make them powerless for a
time. Phr. udle incolo, he has drunk the
juice of incolo, i.e. he is a dull, sleepy per-
son.
uku-Ncoma, v. t. pass, ncovy^va. To speak
highly of a thing; to admire, commend,
value highly: i-M'osi yalincoma igosa eli-
ngalungisiyo, the Lord commended the unjust
steward ; to speak of a thing as prevalent
or occurring to a great degree: indlala
iyanconywa kwa-Ngqika, the famine is severe
in Gaikaland.
250
NC
— Ncomana, v. To praise one another.
— Ncomeka, v. To be admirable.
— Ncomela, v. To speak highly of one
person to another.
— Ncomisa, v. To cause to speak highly;
uyanconyisiva qa, he is only being helped
to admire.
— Ncomisana, r. To admire together.
i-Ncombd, n. 3. Unripe, green Kafircorn,
not yet red, or which ripens later and dies
from cold ; soup of unripe Kafircorn.
uku Nconca, v. To encourage, excite,
uku Nconcoza, v. i. Of birds, to chirp, twit-
ter.
i-Ncondo, «. 3. pi. Naturally thin legs; see
in-Condo.
imi-Ncondo, n. 6. pi. Limbs which are deli-
cately or finely formed or slight from
poverty: amahashe ayimincotido, horses
with fine limbs, well bred.
um-Ncongo, n. 6. Em. A shield; any
beautiful object: lenqawa ingmnncongo, this
pipe is beautiful.
um-Ncono, n. 6. The remains of sour milk
left in a milksack or calabash to leaven the
next tpilk; balance of money in hand;
fig. the kernel, substance, primal matter,
from which other things originate.
i-Ncop6, «. 3. A high point or pinnacle; see
in-Copd.
uku-Ncotiila, v. i. To pull out, root • up
weeds: Jicotiila ukUla, pluck out the weeds;
to pluck off hair from a skin ; to pluck out
the pins of a tent ; fig. to go on a journey.
— Ncotuka, V. To be pulled out or torn
off, to come off or out, as a button from
a coat, or hair from an animal : uboya he-
iikomo buncotukile, the hair of the cow
came off.
i-Nc6yl, n. 3. (a) A brandy bottle, (b) Beer
kept back for the host at a beer party.
ulu-Ncu, n. 5. Cause of: uluncti olumashiyi,
that which causes anger in the heart, adj.
Small, despicable, contemptible, worthless:
bazizincti ezimcshiyi, they are haughty
simpletons; they seem to be our friends,
but they are not.
ukuti-Ncu, V. i. To sit on one's haunches; to
lean on the table in a boorish, uncouth
manner; to be perched upon, as a kraal on
a hilltop, or a bundle of wood on a woman's
head: inyanda yam itk-ncu, my bundle of
wood rests nicely on my head. v. t. To fix
upon, as a sponge on the top of a stick; to
make something 'sit' securely upon, as a
N<5
pail of water or a bundle of wood on one's
head.
uku-Ncucalaza, v. i. To sit here for a
while, and there for a while; to take
repeated rests on the road in going an
errand or taking a journey; to keep
moving one's kraal from place to place.
i-Ncudu, n. 3, Em. A person of unnatural
form, whose lower limbs and extremities
are very small ; a dwarf.
i-Ncuka, «. 3. The brown hyena or strand
wolf, Hyaena brunnea Thunb; igwada lencii-
ka, hyena's snuff, i.e. an overripe puff ball,
which when trampled upon, emits its spores
as a jet of fine dust ; fig. a fierce voracious
person ; one who takes everything for him-
self; one who is stingy, a niggard; one who
prowls at night; a thief; incuka-ceya, = is-
Andawane.
ubu-Ncuka, n, 7. Wolfishness of disposi-
tion ; fierceness, severity, tyranny, vora-
city,
i-Ncukutu, n. 3. A bed bug.
i-NcuIa, n. 3. A stabbing spear; a bayonet;
cf. um-Cula. adj. Pointed.
um-Nculuba. n. 6. The Cape willow, Salix
capensis Thunb. Its getting green shews
the time for sowing Kafir-corn.
i-Ncum, n. 3. The brisket of an ox or cow,
held by the Kafirs to be the best of the
whole meat and eaten by the men: incum
yelizwe, the best part of the country.
u-NcAm, n. 5. Thick dark smoke in a house :
ndinoncum, I am half blind with smoke.
um-Ncumevu, n. 6. used as adj. Dark,
dirty ; without flame, brightness or light :
untlilo umncumevu, the fire does not burn
properly; igolide yaba mncutnei'u, the
gold became dim.
uku-Ncuma, v. i. To smile.
— Ncumancumeza, v. To smile con-
tinuously ; to simper.
— Ncutnela, v. To smile upon.
— Ncumeza, v. i. To smile with an air of
carelessness.
i-Ncumncum, n. 3. Numnum or yumyum,
the edible fruit of isi-Beta-nkunzi.
u-Ncumo, n. 5. Dowry or marriage portion
coming from the woman's side.
uku-Ncunca, v. i. To run a little ; to trot.
i-Ncuncu, n. 3. (a) Generic name for the
sugar bird or honeysucker. Phr. uncuncu
ngolwimi, he betrays secrets.
(b) A great chief who seeks praise by
giving freely, at whose place the people
can live sumptuously; a man who lives
NC
luxuriously. Phr. incuncu ezimilomo mide-,
the aristocracy.
ama-Ncuncuncu, n. 2. pi. used as adj. Un-
wise, imprudent, unintelligent: unamancu-
ncuncti, he is unwise.
uku-Ncuncuta, v. n To be impenetrable.
uku-Ncunga, v. To pinch off, = uku-Cubungai
isi-Ncungula, «. 4. A strong, acid taste:
isincungula sesangcozi, the strong aeid taste
of pit mealies.
i-Ncungunciingu, n. 2. Rumour, report>
fame, that which is not ready to be com^
municated to everyone.
uku-Ncunguzela, v. i. To want to fight.
um-Ncunube, The willow tree, = M/«-iVt-M/Mftfl.
uku-Ncunza, v. i. - uku-Hlunza.
um-Ncunza, «. 6, = um-Hlunza.
um-Ncunzela, n. 6. The last milk from the
cow, after uni-Pehlulu.
uku-Ncuf unela, v. i. To be dissatisfied.
uku-Ncuta, V. t. To kill a person accused
of witchcraft, by driving a stick into his
rectum; to kill cattle by driving a stick
into the rectum, with the purpose of in-
juring their owner.
i-Ncutshe, n. 3. An expert.
u-Ncutii, M. 5. Anything palatable, de-
licious, nice and sweet: lefotoyi luncutu,
this mixture of sweet milk with pumpkins
is a delicious dish.
uku-Ncutuma, = uku-Ncatama.
ukuti-Ncwa, v. t. To make smooth, i.e. to
clear, sweep, clea 1 off all there is, in war:
hambani, niti nakufika nitimbe, nitt-ncwa, go,
and when you arrive, take captive and
make a clean sweep, let nothing remain.
ukuti-Ncwaba and uku-Ncwabaza, v. i.
To doze, get drowsy; to nod: ite-ncwaba
amehlo, his (the boy's) eyes were shut.
uku-Ncwaba, v. t. To bury, inter. Before
the introduction of Christianity the honour
of burial was conferred on chiefs and
great men only.
um-Ncwabi, n. I. One who buries.
i-Ncwaba, n. 2. (a) A grave, sepulchre,
tomb, (b) A grave-watcher.
The chief was buried in the cattle kraal. Persons
were appointed to watch the grave, and cattle were
given them to milk. The village was abandoned,
except by these people. At the end of a year or
longer the watching was given up and the grave-
watchers received some of these cattle as their wages.
u-Ncwabo, n. 5. Buriah
u-Ncwabakazi, «. I. Em. lit. great bury-
ing. The months of July and August.
uku-Ncwabela, v. To bury for another
or in a certain place : bamcwabela emfuleni,
they buried him in the valley.
NC
■!'. t. To be slow, lazy,
To be slow for:
uku-Ncwabasha, ")
— Ncwabusha, j
indolent, tardy; cf. ukii-Kwabasfia.
— Ncwabashela,
— Ncwabushela,
ahantliziyo sikimavabasheleyo uktikolwa,
whose hearts are slow to believe.
uku-Ncwabaza, = ukuti-Ncwaba.
i-Ncwadi, «. 2. Gift-bol, Buphane disticha
Herb., used as medicine for redwater ; said
to be eaten by vultures. The coats of this
bulb are very numerous and thin, trans-
parent and silky; hence fig. a book, letter,
paper; pane of glass; incivadi yokiizibona, a
looking glass ; dim. incwadana, a little book,
To get dark: kitti-
it is getting towards
etc.
ukuti-Ncwalazi, v. i.
ncwalazi kaloku, now
dusk.
u-Ncwalazi, n. 5. Early twilight, before
uratyo, which is dusk just before darkness.
uku-Ncwalaza, v. t. To darken.
i-Ncwama, «. 3. A baboon.
uku-Ncwamsha, v. i. To be proud, haughty.
i-Ncwana, ;;. 3. A person or animal that
has remained small; fig. a person who has
no friends; a term of contempt, meaning a
useless, worthless fellow.
isi-Ncwancwaniso, n. 4. Corruption,
bribery.
ubu-Ncwane, «. 7. Prosperity, good con-
dition, welfare, rich appearance of a
country; persons who have evidently a
good table and live sumptuously, in luxury ;
the grand look of persons who are adorned
with jewels; a collection of beautiful
precious things; riches, treasures.
i-Ncwangu, «. 3. Quickness and unreason-
ableness of temper; viciousness, rage,
cruelty.
isi-Ncwangu «.4. ] Viciousness of men
ubu-Ncwangu, n. 7. 3
and beasts; passion, baseness, vileness,
cruelty.
i-Ncwangube, n. 3. The pelican ; = i-Ngciva-
ngiibe.
uku-Ncwangusha, To be proud = //^K-A'rzy^-
msha.
uku-Ncwasa, v. i. (a) To look after one, to
see whither he is going; to lurk, keep
watch on one with a Lai,^ dccign; to sus-
pect.
(b) To entertain an intention of asking a
favour of some one, or of proposing some
project to him, but from a feeling, either
of fear or prudence, to postpone mention-
NC
ing it for a time, and then to introduce the
subject in a round-about way; to hint at,
mention slightly; to allude to: ndiyincwa-
sile lento, I hinted at this thing.
ukuti-Ncwazi, v. i. To get dark, dusk;
= ukuti-Ncwalazi.
uku-Ncwazisa, v. To cause to get dark.
ukuti-Ncwg, V. i. To be full to the brim:
imipanda yati-iicwe, the waterpots were
filled to the brim.
ukuti-Ncwe, v. i. Of the sky or of open
country, to be perfectly clear without any-
thing to obstruct the vision.
u-Ncwe, n. 5. A tract of bare, open,
treeless country: kwaluncwe, in quite
open country.
uku-Ncweba, v. i. Em. To take a pinch of
snuff.
— Ncwebesha, v. To ask a pinch of snuff.
— Ncwebeshisa, v. To give a pinch of
snuff: ndincwebeshise, give me a pinch of
snuff.
uku-Ncwela, v. t. To cut a narrow strip, as
a thin thong for a whip, from the whole
skin; to cut into strips; to cut out a dress;
to make thin, smooth; to trim: zincwele
intatnbd, trim the thongs by cutting away
the unequal parts or points.
uku-Ncwina, v. i. To moan, sigh, whine; to
utter an exclamation of pain or a groan.
i-Ncwina, n. 3. Sighing; a sharp cry
caused by pain.
u-Ncwino, n. 5. Moaning, groaning,
lamentation.
uku-Ncwinela, v. To sigh for: uncwmela-
nina? why are you sighing?
Nda, pron. subj. of Absol. past (aorist) I p.
sing. : ndabuya, I returned.
Nda, pron. subj. of Conj. past, I p. sing.:
ndabuya, and I returned.
u-Ndaba, n. I. Subject of conversation or
public talk; one who is often spoken of.
Phr. menz' undaba, make him a proverb;
see u-Daba.
Ndaku, Temp. mood. I p. sing.: ndakutandaza,
when I prayed ; ndakuba ndipendule, when I
had answered.
uku-Ndanda, v. i. To flutter as birds when
they are frightened.
isi-Ndandani, n. 4. (a) Inattention: une-
sindandani, he does not listen to what is
said, he is proud and boasts, (b) Pain
in the heart.
\iku-NA3Lndaze\a, = uku-Ndanda.
Ndandi, aux. contrac. from Ndaye ndi; see
Ndaye.
252
ND
Ndanga, Aorist I p. sing, of uhi-Nga (a)
and (b) and of ukw-Anga, which see.
i-Ndawa, ?«. 3 ; = in-Dawa.
i-Ndawo, n. 3. A place, etc.; see in-Dawo.
Ndawonye, adv. Together.
Ndaweni-nye, adv. In one place or heap.
i-Ndawu, w. l; — in-Dawa.
i-Ndawule, «. i;^in-Dawule.
Ndaye, aux. of Compound tenses, I p. sing.:
ndaye ndilifuna, contrac. ndandilifun i ihnshe
lam, I was seeking, or I used to seek my
horse ; nda(ye) ndiya kulifiina, I should have
sought it, or I will seek it.
Ndaza, 1 p. sing, past tense of nku-Za, used
idiomatically to introduce a further state-
ment. Then: ndaza ndahamha, then I
walked.
u-Ndaza, n. I. Em. The month of February.
i-Ndebe, n. 3. A cup ; = in-Debe.
i-Ndedebe, n. 3. A connciWor ;^in-Dedebc.
Ndedwa, adj. I alone, see Dwa.
u-Ndelendele, n. 5. Lengthy, tedious talk.
Ndembelele, adj. Tall, stately, well built;
fig: ngumntu oteta indetnbelele, he is long
and tiresome in his narrative or talk.
u-Ndenjenje, n. i. Du. strypkop. ? The
Streaky-headed Seed-eater, Poliospiza
gularis (A. Sm.J.
Ndi, pron. subj. and obj. I. p. sing. I, me
nAiyatanda, I am loving: uyan6\tanda, he
loves me.
ulu-Ndi, n. 5. plur. izindi. Projection,
prominence; the hanging or towering over
of rocks, houses, mountains. The rocky
peaks of the Kwahlamba mountains are
called by this name. The horizon.
ukuti-Ndi, v. i. To sound, make a noise ;
to speak in a manner not be understood;
to rumble as thunder.
isa-Ndi, n. 4. and ulwa-Ndile, n. 5. Sound,
report, noise, applied to a distant,
heavy sound of rain, thunder, hail,
storm, clatter of arms; sound caused
by the running or walking of persons
or animals; fig. rumour.
isa-Ndo, n. 4. A hammer.
uku-Ndila, v. i. (a) To sound far off as
distant thunder: iznln liymuUla, it
begins to thunder^ in the distance;
to drive off cattle: wazindila ngendlcla
zoiike ezinkomo, he put all these cattle
on the road to drive them away.
(b) To behave well: iizindiUle, he be-
haves himself well.
ND
i-Ndiii, «. 3. (a) A distant rumbling as of
a procession or an army on the march.
(b) Good behaviour, respectability,
solemnity, gravity: indoda inendili, the
man behaves well; fig. accent: ilizwi
linendili, the word has a dignified
meaning.
uku-Ndileka, v. To be quiet, grave,
solemn, respectable, reputable; to sit still,
i.e. to be neutral when others are restless
or at war.
i-Ndileka, n. 3. Solemnity, respectability.
uku-Ndiliseka, v. i. To be of a grave,
dignified character.
— Ndiliza,f. To make a mournful noise;
to hum as men in a dance.
uku-Ndibaza, v. i. To hesitate; to be un-
decided, irresolute.
Ndibe, aux. of Compound tenses, I p. sing.:
ndibe ndifuna, contrac. beiidifuna, I was
or have been seeking; (ndi)bcndifunile, I
had sought ; see uktiBa I. 2. (a).
uku-Ndikinda, v. i. To gesticulate with the
hands and tramp and stamp with the feet;
fig. to speak much that is of no use.
i-Ndikinda, and i-Ndikida, n. 3. A group
of huts, as at a mission station; a herd of
cattle somewhat large.
isi-Ndikinda, and isi-Dikida, n. 4. A great
number or large group of huts; loc.
esindikindeni.
u-Ndik6, n. I. Lit. I am here. An event
happening suddenly ; a challenge: indoda
efun' undiko, a challenger.
uku-Ndilata, v. i. To be badly treated ; to
loiter or walk about aimlessly.
u-Ndilele, n. I. poss. form ka-Ndilele. Lit. I
am asleep. A neutral tribe : izizwe zingondi-
lele, the tribes are neutral.
ubu-Ndilele, //. 7. Neutrality.
i-Ndili, anduku-Ndlliza. Sec un&iv ukutl-Ndi.
Ndim, (a) Copula of l p. sing. It is I:
ndim umalusi olungileyo, I am the good
shepherd; ^imkonzi luako lo undim, I thy
servant.
(b) Cause: lento yenziwe nditn, this thing
has been done by me; see Ndi and M.
u-Ndimangele, n. I. Lit. I have accused.
An accuser, complainant, plaintiff; from
ukn-Mangala.
uku-Ndinda, v. (a) To beat constantly,
severely, (b) To make smooth, sleek; to
make round, cylindrical; fig. to speak
artfully, insinuatingly; to conduct a con-
versation in a winning manner, so as to
raise impure thoughts and gain the
affections by artful means; to seduce.
253
NU
i-Ndindi, «. 3. (a) A round, smooth thing;
fig. uyindindi, he rambles about, does
not come to the point, (b) A problem
which is not understood; a question to
be solved.
ukuti-Ndinde, v. To be in perfect order.
i-Ndindilili, «. 3. A tough substance, like
indiarubber ; = in-Dindilili.
i-Ndindindl, n. 2. A person who is idle,
does not work or plays with his work.
i-Ndindlnya, M.3. A crowd, multitude.
uku-Ndindiza, v. i. (a) To trot; to try to
fly; to hit the ground repeatedly with the
feet before successfully launching into the
air, as some birds do. (b) To try to speak,
but only to succeed in stammering and
stuttering ; - iiku-Tintita.
— Ndindizela, v. To fly high, to soar.
Ndinga, l.verb. pref. I. p. sing, (a) of Potent,
mood, I may: ndinga^/a, I may eat.
(b) of Condit. mood, see Ndinge I.
2. pres. tense of uku-Nga (a) and {b).
3. Neg. in conjunct, and rel. sentences:
■wandiyila ukuba ndingSitabati lento, he ex-
horted me not to take this thing ; yiyo lento
sxdmg&yitandiyo, this is the thing that I do
not like. Before ka, ko, and na, ndinga be-
comes ndinge: bemka ndingekajjki, they left
before I arrived; bendingeko I was not
present; ndemka bendingenahashe, I left
having no horse.
Ndinge, i. aux. of Condit. mood, I. p.
sing. : ndinge or ndinga or ngendidla, I
would eat or ought to eat.
2. Neg. verb. pref. (a) of Potent, mood :
ndinge (andinge) sebenzi, I may not worL
i-Ndingi, 71. 3. A harmonious sound; a
distant rumbling ;=:/-A^(/z7/ (a).
-ndini, Enclitic, to the voc. to make it
more emphatic, or for the purpose of call-
ing attention. It is used in a familiar,
colloquial mode of address: tnntundini!
you person! ttdodandini! you man! often
with a reproachful meaning.
u-Ndipulundu, w. 5. The horizon ;see ulu-Ndi.
i-Ndishwa, n. l. = in-Dishim.
uku-Nditi, V. i. To doubt, hesitate, be unde-
cided; to speak hesitatingly from not being
certain of the correctness of what is said;
not to go forward in speaking but to
remain at the same point.
isa-Nditi, n. 4. Disturbance, uproar,
confusion.
u-Ndiyalwa, n. I. poss. ka-Ndiyalwa.
Lit. I am fighting. A rebel, warrior.
ubu-Ndiyalwa, n. 7. Rebellion; war.
ND
isi-Ndiyandiya, n. 4. Perplexity, intricacy.
u-Ndiza, n. i. Em. The month of February.
ama Ndia, n. 2. pi. Strength; see umAndla.
uku-Ndlandlateka, v. i. To rush off at full
speed; to run and cry from being frightened,
as children.
i-Ndlanga, n. 3. The 'bont-tick'; = m-Z)/a-
nga.
u-Ndlazidudu, n. 5. The short ribs of an
animal when cut up for food.
e-Ndle and ezi-Ndle, loc. In the open field:
basezindle, they are abroad ; ubusi basendle,
honey of the open field, i.e. wild honey.
ili-Ndle, n. 2. (a) Uninhabited, open, barren
country; a wilderness, (b) Nightsoil: indlu
yelindle, a water-closet.
u-Ndlebe-nde, n. I . Lit. long ear ; a donkey.
uku-NdloIota, v. t. To drink brandy.
i-Ndloloti, «. 3. A plant very much like
i-Nfenibu, but bitter and said to be poison-
ous; hence very strong Kafir-beer and
brandy; cf. in-Dloloti,
i-Ndlondlo, n. 3. Em. High position: umsi
uyindlondlo, a village on a mountain ; indhi
iyindlondlo, a house on a height ; fig. promo-
tion, advancement; cf. in-Dlondlo.
i-Ndlu, n. 3. A house ; = m-D;it.
u-Ndiu-nkuIu, n. I. Lit. large house. The
Cape sparrow, Passer melanurus (St. Mull.),
so called from its large nest.
i-Ndlwabevu, n. 3. A very sweet or deli-
cious thing.
isi-Ndlwane and isa-Ndlwane, n. 4. The
manyplies or psalterium, the third division
in the stomach of ruminating animals.
izi-Ndl wane, n. 4. pi. Em. Patchwork, made
of patches of all kinds of colours ;-i-!2(5«'.
Ndo, pron. subj. of condit. future I. p. sing.:
ndolahleka, I shall be lost.
isa Ndo, n. 4. A hammer; see ukutt-Ndi.
ukuti-Ndo, V. i. To pay occasional visits:
uhlala aman' ukutl-ndo afike apa, he keeps
paying occasional visits here.
Ndodwa, adj. I alone or only, see Dwa.
u-Ndofa naye, Lit. I shall die with him or
her, and u-Ndofeia iigaye, Lit. I would
die for him or her. w. I. One who dies
with another; a spouse.
u Ndofo, n. I. The grey heron, Ardea cine-
rea L.
u-Ndohlo, n. 5. A long row of houses,
trees, etc.
ukuNdolosa, v. i. To walk proudly, as a
baboon.
254
ND
u-Ndonci, n. l. The rectum of animals; that
of cattle and sheep is eaten by boys.
i-Ndondo, n. 3. A person of rank ; = in-Dondo.
uku-Ndondoza, v. i. Of the pulse or heart,
to throb, beat.
uku-Ndongela, v. i. To be weak, languid,
exhausted, wanting vigour.
i-Ndongela, n. 3. A weak person, one
wanting in vigour,
ubu-Ndongelo, «. 7. Weakness, languor,
u-Ndoqa, n. l. A medicinal plant, Haplocarpa
scaposa Harv., used for fresh wounds,
i-Ndoqo, n. 3. That which has immediate
effect, as poison which kills, or medicine
which heals outright; a sure cure; see
in-Doqo.
u-Ndozela, n. l. Lit. I am sleepy. A species
of kingfisher.
u-Ndozosela, n. l. The month of February.
i-Ndubanduba, n. 3. One whose object is
to mislead; see uku-Duba.
uku-NdudIa, v. t. To beat hard.
uku-NduIa, v. i. To grieve.
ubu-Ndulana, n. 7. From in Duli. A some-
what higher position (of a village).
i-NduIi, n. 3. A hill, etc. ; see in-Duli.
ama-NduIo, «. 2; see ukw-Andula.
uku-NduluIa, v. t. To dismiss, send away;
make or cause a company to break up; to
let (tears) flow.
— Nduluka, v. To go away, depart, re-
move, break up, as a company or
assembly ; fig. to die,
— Ndululela, i>. To send away to.
i-Ndulumbane, n. 3. Rushing upon; see
in-Dulumbane.
i-Ndumanga, w. 3. A place of rest; = /«-
Dumanga.
ubu-Nduna, n. 7. from in-Duna. The
dignity of prime minister.
uku-NdunduIa, v. t. Not to become tired
of walking,
i-NdunguIa, n. 3. A swollen mass; in-
Dmigula.
u-Ndunkundunku, n. S- = ii-Dunkudunkii.
i-Ndwabundwabu, m. 3, A large orifice,
etc.; = in-Dwabundwaiu.
um-Ndwakele, n. l. One of scattered
individuals (people or tilings).
ubu-Ndwa-Iut6, n. 7, see in-Dwa-luto, under
Dwa.
i-Ndwe, n. 3, The blue crane ; = m-Z)zf(?,
isi-Ndwe, Cranes' feathers, etc; see isin-Dwc
uku-Ndweba, v. i. To be shy, timid, nervous,
suspicious, diffident, cautious; to start back
ND
affrighted; to shy at a thing; fig, ihashe
lindwebile, the horse is shy; to be alert,
smart, clever; to be savage, turbulent,
irregular, disorderly, fickle.
i-Ndweba, n. 3. A small seed-eating bird;
see iti'Dweza. The name may refer to the
actions of the seedeaters as a group, rather
than to one particular species.
i-Ndwebi, n. 3. One who is nervous,
suspicious, cautious.
i-Ndwebo, n. 3. Nervous fear, timidity.
ubu-Ndwebi, «. 7- Nervousness, sus-
picion, caution.
uku-Ndwebela, v. To be shy of some-
thing; to dread; to mistrust, have a
nervous fear of an object.
— Ndwebisa, v. To make nervous, shy,
affrighted, suspicious; to warn.
uku-Ndwendwa, v. i. To reside for a time
among the people of another tribe, or as a
guest with a friend; to go about
from place to place farther and farther
from home; to have no fixed abode;
to wander about; to get estranged,
separated from one's relations ; fig, to de-
part from the point in a debate ; not to act
in accordance with established usage; to
exceed original intentions or prescribed rules
of conduct; to retire or recede gradually
from a given point,
u-Ndwendwe, n. 5. A guest on a visit; a
sojourner, or a party of sojourners:
silundwcndwe Iwako, we are your guests,
i.e. we are on a visit to you, have some
business with you,
uku-Ndwendw ela, v. To sojourn ; to live
a short time as a guest at : unizi undwe-
ndivelwa yinkosi, the village has the chief
as guest.
— Ndwendwisa, v. To take one onward
beyond his original point of destination,
um-Ndwendwisi, n. I, One who leads
astray: abakokcli hcnti ngabandwendwisi,
thy leaders are men who cause thee to err,
uku-Ndwendwisela, v. To cause to
wander to.
i-Ndweza, n. 3. A seed eating bird; = m-
Dweza.
Ndyo! i>iterj. The bellowing of an elephant.
u-NdyoIa, n. I. The White-flanked Fly-
catcher, Batis mo) iter (Hahn and Ktist).
isi-Ndyondyo, n. 4. A small portion of
food ; dimin. isitidyondywatia, a little mifk.
uku-Ndyondyela, v. t. To assure, make
confident, exempt from doubt.
To kick or push rough-
ND
n-Ndyondyelo, //. 5. Assurance, ground
of confidence.
ukuti-Ndyofo, |
uku-Ndyora, J
ly away.
uku-Ndyula, v. t. I. To beat severely with
a knobstick. Wizards, thieves and adulter-
ers are thus punished.
ulwa-Ndyula, //. 5. A long speech or
heavy pain.
uku-Ndyula, v. i. II. To put on the ii-Ndyii-
u-NdyuIo, V. 5. The piece of brass which
adorns the penis-cap.
umNdyufa, 77. 6. Very lean meat ; = !(/;/-
Dyiiha.
Ne, card, ttiiiii. Four: iako/iio cziitc, four
cows; amaluisJic ointiiw, all four horses.
adv. kane, four times.
isi-Ne, n. 4. Four as an abstract number:
ishiwti tUnesinc, fourteen; igitsha cziJlshumi
elinesine, fourteen sheep. The fourth:
umJda wcsiitc, the fourth day ; iigokvesine
(tisuhi), on the fourth day, on Thursday.
adv. okwcsiiie, fourthly; ngokivcsiiw, at the
fourth.
Nedwa, adj. 2. p. pi. You alone, or you
only; see Dwa.
isi-Nekeneke, u. 4. A great but useless per-
son or thing.
uku-Nemba, v. t. To hit or strike a thing
aimed at, as with a gun.
i-Nemb6, n. 3. Fine meal ; gruel ; thin por-
ridge of maize.
uku-Nene, ;/. 8. The ri^ht f^ide: icala loku-
nene, or laseknnene, the right side; wazimisa
ngosekiifiene kzvake, he placed them on his
right side ; wabeka zanllami ngecala loknnene,
he put five on the right side. The son of
the right hand, i.e. by the right-hand vs^ife :
ukmiene kuka-Palo, PaIo"s right-hand son.
um-Nene, ;/. I. The right person, adj.
mhla mnene, the day on which one said
or did anything for the first time, one
fine day; see um-Hla.
i-Nene. n. 2. (a) A person who sits at the
right hand of the chief, to whom the latter
speaks and the former answers; the great,
privileged, principal man, particularly so
called for being hospitable or charitable to
others ; a man of trutli : uinntu olinciie, a
worthy, reliable person who is incapable
of mean actions ; a man of rank ; a lord ; at
present it is used for a gentleman, dis-
tinguished from the commonaity ; /;/^«<?-
kazi, a lady.
NE
(b) The Pied crow, Corvus scapulatus
Daud.
isi-Nene, n. 4. Abdomen; the front side
of the body, which is with Kafirs the
right side ; also mons pubis.
ubu-Nene, n. 7. High rank, prerogative :
indlu yohunene, the principal, great, royal
house, comprising all the houses situated
on the right side of the chief's house; fig.
fine dress, fatness, richness.
i-Nene, «. 3. Truth, faithfulness: yinene
lento, this thing is true. Adv. Inene, in truth,
indeed: noba nikululekile inene, ye shall be
free indeed.
ka-Nene, adv. used in calling to remem-
brance or in making certain. By the
way, indeed, really: kanene ubusitt-ni? By
the way, what did you say ? see Kanene.
ku-Nen3, adv. used to express absolute
greatness of quantity or quality. Very
much; exceedingly, strongly: ndasebenza
kuueiic, I worked very much, or hard;
umvuzo omkulu kanene, a very great
reward.
oku-Nene, adv. used in admissions. True,
indeed, yes: ndayenza lento okunene, yes, I
did it.
ubu-Nene, n. 7. Truth.
um-Nenga, n. 6. A whale, any large sea-
creature.
uku-Nenga, t'. /. To grind fine, as flour.
um-Nengo, n. 6. Fine meal.
uku-Neta, v. i. To get wet from rain:
ndinetUe, I am wet from rain ; indlu inetile,
the house leaks, lets in the rain.
— Netisa, v. To make wet, as from rain
or sprinkling of water ; fig. sinetisiwe, we
are ill placed, have not found favour.
ukuti-Nete, v. i. To feel squeamish; to be
inclined to vomit.
ama-Newu and ama-Newuiiewu, n. 2. pi. and
ubu-Newunewu, n. 7. Things beautiful in
appearance, especially clothes; apparel
decorated with pearls and diamonds;
splendour, glorious array ; much and very
fat food; meat which is quite white with
fat.
Nga, I. Em. = *ch see iiku-Ka I (bj: nganima-
mcle, listen, please.
Nga, 2. Copula of l and 2 cl. pi. with its
final letter (which McLaren thinks was
originally 'i') assimilated to the article of
these classes: ndabetwa ngabafana, 1 was
beaten by the young men ; ndakatywa nga-
mahashc, I was kicked by the horses,
256
NG
Nga, 3. prep. It expresses (a) the instru-
mental relationship "by means of, through,
with": watidibeta ngenduku, he struck me
with a stick; ungene nsesango, he entered
by the door; wahamba ngesisu, he crept on
his belly; ndisehenza tigovuyo, I work with
joy (more idiomatic: ndisehenza ndivuyile);
umlanibo uzele ngamanzi, the river is filled
with, i.e. full of, water; wayenza ngokulu-
ngileyo, he did it properly ; ngo^M^^ (from
uku-Bd), lit. through being, i.e. because.
(b) indirect agency : lento yenziwe ngaye,
this has been done through him, at his
instigation, whereas yenziwe nguye would
mean, it has been done by him, himself;
inja yabaleka ngokundibona, the dog ran
away at the sight of me; ndize ngeliszvi
lako, I have come by (means of) thy word.
(c) "concerning, referring to": ndatka
ngSkye, I spoke concerning or about him,
or in reference to him, (more idiomatic
ndateta yena, in the sense ' I meant him ') ;
bambuza ngokiifuduka kwakc, they asked him
about his removing; sikolisiwe ngokuliinga
kwako, we are satisfied about, i.e. with thy
goodness : ivadala izinto ngohlobo livazo, he
created things after their kind.
(d) period of time "during, in, about":
ngomso (from iimso) to-morrow; ngokii
(from oku) now; bafika ngokuhlwa bemka
ngokusa, they arrived in the evening and
left in the morning; akalwanga ngelika-
■ Nantsi, he did not fight in So-and-so's time,
or ngeka-Nanisi (see imfazive), in So-and-
so's war.
(e) distribution: ngazinye,s,mg\y, imihla
ngetnihla, day by day: izinto ngezinto,
various things; bashumayela indaba nge-
ndaba, they reported news one after an-
other; habulewe ngamakulti, they were
killed by the hundred; ngambini, in pairs.
(f) when joined with locative cases
"about, at, near to, towards": bakangela
ngasezulwini, they looked towards heaven ;
ngasendlwini, near or about the house.
a in nga coalesces, like the poss. parti-
cles, with the article (when there is one) of
the noun to which it is prefixed, ngelizwi
= nga-ilizwi, ngento = nga-inio ; except in
Ord. numb, less than ten: ngasixenxe, by
sevens. ^
Nga, 4. aux. for forming Cond. mood ; see Nge.
-nga, expresses the verbal negative,
(a) It terminates the Perf. and Pluperf.
tenses of different moods: andibatandaaga
abantwana bake, I have not loved his
HH 2
NO
children; naba abantwana endingabatiyanga,
these are the children whom I have not
hated; see -He (b). (uku-Tl forms tanga;
ukii-Tsho, tshongo; ukw-Asi, azangSk).
(b) It is inserted between the Pron.
subject and the stem in all dependent forms,
including the Simple Tenses in relative
sentences, the Participles and Tenses com-
pounded of them, in the Conj., Condit.,
Imper. and Infinitive Moods, (except the
Past and Potent. Moods): ndambona um-
ntivatia endingamtandiyo, I saw the child
which I do not love; nali ihashe endingayi
kukivela ktilo, here is the horse I shall not
ride ; hamha ungalibali, go and do not tarry ;
makabaleke ukuze angabetwa, he must run
that he may not get a beating. It is used
also in adverbial expressions formed of the
infinitive, preceded by a preposition: ngo-
kungafihlisiyo, openly, without reserve;
ngokiingazenzisiyo, not hypocritically.
-nga depresses into -nge (a) when separat-
ed from the stem by intervening particles,
especially before the Copula and ka, kb and
na\ into etigeyinqatnbi, a thing which is not
unclean; iveza ndingekafiki, he came before
I arrived ; tidingenako, I not being able.
(b) in the Pot. mood : ndingetett, contrac.
from andingstett, 1 may not speak.
(c) when used adverbially: akuzatige
kubeko bantu balumkileyo-na? have there
never been wise people ?
uku-Nga, (a) I. v. i. To appear as if; to
seem : bdngd or bdngati bangabantu abalungi-
leyo, they appear to be good people ; langa
ilizwe lonke ali/iambayo lilitdfa, all the
country he walked over seemed to be a flat ;
wanga uyap'ila, he appeared to be in health;
bake banga bayakolwa, they appeared at one
time to believe; ilishwa langa liyalandela,
misfortune seemed to follow; songa siyaha-
mba, we shall or will appear to be walking;
7iiya kunga ningabagqiti, you will appear to
be transgressors ; tinge akatshongo, scarcely
had he said so. (2 cl. pi. abbrev. rel. angd,
who or that appear as if; absol. past, anga,
they appeared as if; conj, past, anga, and
they appear as if; short pres. dnga, they
appear as if).
II. As aux. it expresses I. Possibility:
ingaba kunjalo, it may be so ; see uku-Bd I.
2. (e).
2. Permission, liberty : ungahamba, you
may go.
3. Willingness: ungahamba-na? ewe,
ndingahamba, will you go ? yes, I can go, or,
I am willing to go.
NQ
4. Contingency: ndingavuya tihiba ute
ivafika, I should be glad if he arrived.
uku-Nga, (b) v. i. used with the Potent, mood
of another verb, to express a wish : ndinga
ndingasebenza, I wish to work; anditigi
ungafeketa, I do not wish thee to play;
iinga angahamba, thou wishest him to go-
wapikela, or walangazelela ukunga angaha-
mba jigalendlela, he persisted in his desire,
or desired greatly, to go this road. (2 cl. pi.
has the same forms as those mentioned
under uku-Nga (a) I.)
The Past tense expresses a wish in the
form of a petition or prayer: wanga u-T'txo
angakusikclela ! May God bless thee!
These two verbs and ukw-Anga, to kiss,
are properly distinguished by the verbal
forms which follow them : anga ahamba, they
kissed and went; aitga angahamba, they
wished to go ; anga angati or anga ati aya-
hamba, they appeared to go.
ama-Nga, n. 2. pi. Fictions, inventions,
fabrications, falsehoods, untruths.
Phr. amanga ashiyw' emzini, untruths
must be left outside the home.
isi-Nga, «. 4. A place covered with thorn-
trees, a clump of them in one place.
um-Nga, n. 6. Acacia horrida Willd. popular-
ly, but erroneously, called the mimosa.
Eyomnga, the month of December.
um-Nga-manzi, n. 6. The cat-thorn,
Acacia caffra Willd.
um-Nga- mpunzi, «. 6. The camel-thorn,
Acacia hirtella Mey.
um-Ngana, n. 6. The dwarf-thorn, Cassia
mimosioides L., used as medicine for
dysentery.
u-fNgana, n. 5. The place where a great
number of dwarf-thorns grow.
Ngaba, pron. copula, I cl. pi. It is these
(people) : kwenzkve ngaba, it has been done
by them; ngaba tiditeta bona, It is these
(people) I speak of.
Ngaba, adv. Probably, to be supposed; see
uku-Ba I, 2 (e).
ama-Ngabangaba, «. 2. pi. May-be may-bes.
Phr. unike namangabangaba aschvandle, he
has been carried off by the (fabulous) birds
of the sea, applied to one who has
mysteriously disappeared, or whose
whereabouts are unknown.
uku-Ngabaza, v. i. Em, To conjecture, as
one who is uncertain how a thing may
turn out; to think that probably some-
thing may happen.
i-Ngabane, «. 3. A kind of chest complaint
among children.
258
NQ
Ngabani-na, intcrrog. pron. By whom? unga-
sinda ngabani-na? by whom mayest thou
escape ? see Ngubani-na.
i-Ngabi, conj. Lest it be that.
Ngabo, (a) pron. copula. I cl. pi. It is those
(people): ngabo tidibafunayo, it is those I
looked for. (b) Used of the agent: ndi-
tttnywe ngabo, I was sent by them, (c) Con-
cerning, about them : tideva ngabo, I heard
about them.
u-Ngabovada, inter j. expressing wonder or
surprise, often with the addition unyoko
ufikile izolo, your mother arrived yesterday:
ewe, sisi, ungabovada into yinto mhlobo loam,
yes, sister, it is a wonderful thing.
Ngabula, adv. Phr. tulabona ngabula-Nantsi,
I saw for myself just as So-and-so had told
me before.
i-Ngadla, «. 3. A lancet.
i-Ngadluma, n. 3. That which is thick and
uneven in body.
Ngaka, ngakana and ngakanana, adj.
Such, so great, so or such large (ref. to
magnitude, size, bulk, extent, number,
quantity) : lomti ungaka, this tree is of such
a size ; indlu engaka, such a large or so great
a house; umzi ongakanana! such a large
place! andifumananga lukolo lungakanana
apa, I have not found so great faith here;
inkatazo ezingakanana, so many troubles.
Kangaka, adv. So great, so (very great),
great, very much: amahashe maninzi
kangaka, the horses are so very many ; ka-
ngakanana, so very great or many.
Ngakana-nina? interrog. pron. How great
or large? indlu yako ingakana-ninaf how
large is your house ?
Kangakana-nina? intcrrog. adv. How
much? mandikunikc kangakana-nina? how
much must I give you ?
Ngako, (a) adj. So great or large as that
(dem."" ; wawutenga unildabangenani elingaka-
nd? did you buy the land for so much? ewe,
ngelingako, yes, for so much; bazibika oka
zingako izinto abazitetayo kubo, they reported
what great things they had said to them;
iihpahla zapela zoiike ngangoko zingako, the
things were gone as many as there were.
(b) prep, with pron. 8 cl. see Nga, 3.:
naku ukutya abantivana bap'ikisene ngako, here
is the food about which the children con-
tended; oko waieta ngako, that respecting
which he spoke.
Ngako oko, adv. Therefore; see Oko 6.
Ngokungako, So very much.
Nd
Ngfakdna, adv. About there ; see Kona.
Ngaku, prep. Near by, about (used with
pron.): ngakutn, near me; ngalciiye, near
him; ngakulo (ihashc), near it (horse), and
so through all classes.
Ngakuba, co;/;'. in neg. sentences. Because;
see uhi-Ba, I. B.
Ngakumbi, adv. More, better; see Mbi.
Ngakunye, adv. With one consent; see Nye.
Ngakupina, interrog. pron. Wheresoever?
see Phta.
Ngalo, (l) prep, with pron. By, with, concern-
ing which, (a) 2 cl. sing.: nali ihashe endateta
ngalo, this is the horse about which I spoke,
(b) 5 cl. sing.: besisindiswe ngalo ubabalo
Iwake, we were saved by his grace.
(2) prep, with dem. With this, including
this, (a) I cl. sing. : abantwana bam basixenxe
ngalo, I have seven children counting this
one. (b) 6 cl. sing. : imitt yam isixenxe ngalo, I
have seven trees counting this one.
Ngam, prep, with pron. I p. sing. By, with,
through me: bateta ngam, they spoke about
me.
Ngamana, interj. O! would that! see uku-
Mana under uku-Ma.
um-Nga-manzi, um-Nga-mpunzi, um-Nga-
na. See under utn-Nga.
Ngamhlanazana, adv. On a certain day.
Ngandawo-nina? adv. Through what place
or matter, i.e. wherefore ? see in-Dawo and
Nina.
ama-Ngandingandi, n. 2. pi. Noise, as of a
Kafir dance, drum, or band.
Nganeno, «Jz>. On this side: nganeno komla-
nibo, on this side of the river; nganeno
kwako, on this side of you; used also
comparatively : lanto inganeno kwaleyo, that
thing is smaller or worse than this.
Nganga, prep. As great as, equally great or
high with: ungangam, he is as big as I, he
is as myself; with iikuba it expresses a
degree of quality, "so"; see ukti-Ba, I. B.:
wanditanda ngangokuba ivandipa ihashe, he
loved me so much that he gave me a horse;
with the neg. it means; "not to be com-
pared with": ilizwi likaTixo elinge nganga-
nto, the word of God which is not to be
compared with anything.
i-Nganga, i-Ngangala, l-Ngangamela,
n. 3. A man of high position; cf. in-Gdtiga.
ubu-Nganga, n. 7. Boldness, courage,
assurance.
uku-Ngangamela, v. i. To arrogate; see
uku-Gagamela, and Kakamela.
Nd
ubu-Ngangamela, n. 7. Greatness, etc.; =
uhu-Kakamela.
i-Ngangamsha, n. 3. The great, greatest,
etc. ; -- i-Ngdnga.
ubu-Ngangamsha, n. 7. Greatness, mighti-
ness, majesty, glory.
i-Ngangasane. n. 3. A young, skilful man.
i-Ngangobude, n. 3. Anything (a pole, tree,
mountain, person) stretched, long; fig.
anything not easily mastered.
Ngangokuba conj. As much as; see uku-Ba,
I. B. and Nganga.
Ngangokude, conj. Until, to such a degree
that; see De.
Ngani, prep, ■wit'hpron.2 p. pi. Through you,
about or concerning you; see Nga 3.
Nga-nlna? Contracted nga-ni? ") . ,
Nia-nto-nina? j '"'''''''^-
prons. Through what; see Nina? (b).
Nganxamnye, prep, and adv. = Nxamnye.
uku-Nganzinga, v. t. To question thoroughly,
to cross-question in court.
Ngapa, adv. This way, etc. ; see Apa,
Ngapakati, prep, and adv. Within, between,
etc.; see Pakai't.
Ngapambi, prep. Before ; see Pamb'i.
Ngapambili, adv. Before; see Pa>nbUi.
Ngapandle, prep, and adv. Without; see
Pandle.
Ngapantsi, prep and adv. Below ; see Pantsi.
Ngapaya, prep. Beyond, on the other side of,
over there; see Paya,
Ngapesheya, adv. On the other side; see
Pesheya.
Ngapezu, prep. On, upon ; see P^sw.
Ngapezulu,/'r^/'. andadv. Above; seePesulti.
Ngapina, adv. Whence, etc.; see Ptna.
Ngapd, adv. That way; see Apd.
Ngase, prep. «^a prefixed to locatives. Near,
about, towards: ngasendlwini, near the
house.
Ngasekubeni, conj. Near to that; see uku-
Ba, I. B.
Ngasentia, prep, and adv. Upward, on the
upper side, etc.; see in-Tla.
Ngasese, adv. Out of sight, secretly; see
Sese.
Ngasezantsi, prep, and adv. Down below,
e.g. in a valley.
Ngaso, prep, with pron. of 4. cl. sing. By it,
etc.: ndip' isonka ndipile ngaso, give me
bread, that I may live by it; see Nga, 3.
Ngati, prep, with pron. I p. pi. : About,
concerning us, etc. ; bancokola ngati, they
had a discussion about us.
Nd
Ngati, adv. and conj. Perhaps; hingatt, lit.
' it is as though/ it may be that ; njengoku-
vgatt, as if; see ttku-Ti.
ama-Ngatingati, «. 2. pi. Subterfuges,
excuses, doubts, scruples.
Ngatuba-nina? interrog. Why, for what
reason? see i-Tuba.
Ngawe, prep, with pron. 2 p. sing. Through,
by you, etc.: besitiinyzva vgawe, we were
sent about or concerning you ; see Nga 3.
Ngawo, prep, with pron. (a) 6 cl. sing.
Through, by it, etc. : gaula lomt'i ukitze ndakc
ngawo, cut the tree down that I may build
with it. (b) 2 cl. pi. : faka ajtiahaslie tidihavibe
ngawo, inspan the horses that I may go with
them ; see Nga 3.
Ngaxanye, adiK At one time: masijike nga-
xanyc, let us turn togetlier.
Ngaye, prep, with pron. 3 p. sing. Through
him, about him, etc.: tuma Icncwadi ngaye,
send this letter through him.
Ngayo, prep, with pron. (a) 3 cl. sing. By or
through it : indlela Uungile endahamba ngayo,
the road is good on which I walked, (b)
6 cl. pi.: imUila ipelile endagula ngayo,
the days are ended during which I was
sick ; see Nga 3.
Ngazo, prep, with pron. Through, by, con-
cerning them, etc. (a) 3 cl. pi.: bamba
inkabi ngazo (intambo), catch the oxen with
them (the thongs), (b) 4 cl. pi.: hlinzani
inkomo ngazo izitshetshe zemi, flay the cow
with your knives, (c) 5 cl. pi.: ndihulewe
ngazo intolo zake, I have been killed by his
arrows.
uku-Ngca, V. Used only in the reflex, form:
xiyazingca, he elevates, extols, esteems him-
self; he glories or prides himself in another:
ndizingca ngawe, I pride myself in you;
ukuze sizingce ngendumiso yakb, that we
might triumph in thy praise.
i-Ngcabangcosi, n. 3. A long thin-legged
thing, as a stork.
i-Ngcaca, «. 3. A cowrie; see in-Gcaca.
uku-Ngcakaca, v. i. To grow sparingly,
sickly, thin, a patch here and there, or a
grain here and there on the maize cob:
izikivebu ezingcakacileyo, thin ears; cf. uhi-
Gcakaca.
i-Ngcakasana, «. 3. A kind of leopard or
wild cat.
i-Ngcakaza, n.
see i-Ceya.
i Ngcambane,
palm leaves
dancing.
3. A method of drawing lots;
n. 3. A veil of rushes or
vorn by an umkweta while
To tremble at.
To make or cause
One who causes
Nd
uku-Ngcanibaza. v. i. To try to walk
after sickness: to walk feebly; to walk
a little; to walk, as it were on the toes.
— Ngcambazisa, v. To cause walking a
little: noko anqinileyo, ttmngcambazisile,
though he was emaciated, he made him
walk.
i-Ngcambu, n. 3. Root ; loc. ezingcanjini, in
or at the roots.
um-Ngcangcateko, n. 1. A thin, sickly, lazy
man.
uku-Ngcangcazela, v. i. To tremble, shiver,
as from fear or cold.
— Ngcangcazelela, t
— Ngcangcazelisa, i
to tremble.
um-Ngcangcazelisi, it.
terror, a terrible person.
uku-Ngcangelatela, v. i. To go gently in a
row.
i-Ngcape, n. 3. A pipe-tip; see in-Gcapi.
i-NgcatauIe, «. 3. A finely-dressed per-
son.
uku-Ngca tsha, v. t. To warn; to put one
on one's guard; to give secret information
(in a good sense) ; to betray (in a bad sense).
um-Ngcatshi, n. ]
i-Ngcatshi, «. 3.
uku-Ngcatshana, v. To blame one
another; to damage each other's char-
acter.
i-Ngcatsholo, n. 3. Warning, betraying.
i-Ngcau, n. 3. A lewd unchaste person ; = ;-
Natl.
i-Ngcawa, «. 3 A plain woollen blanket ;
: i-Ncawa.
um-Ngcebele, n. 6. Ukwenza, or ukubeta
uinngcebcle, to put one leg over the other in
reclining.
•Ngcebetsha, n. 3. Em. A snuff spoon.
uku-Ngcekela, v. i. To balance a burden
on the head without holding it with the
hand.
Ngcelwane, n. 3. Aloe saponaria Haw., a
white-spotted aloe used for healing sores,
wounds, ringworm and lumbago; also
applied to Bulbine latifolia Schult.
ukuti-Ngcembe, v. i. To be tardy, slow; to
perform an operation deliberately; to work
leisurely, circumspectly, considerately:
ilizwi lite-ngcembe, the word was not very
audible.
ubu-Ngcembd, n. 7. Tardiness, deliber-
ateness, circumspection, careful con-
sideration, adv. ngobungcembe, slowly,
tardily, deliberately.
A warner, betrayer.
NQ
i-Ngcenene, n. 3. Sitting in ease and
pleasure.
u-Ngcenge, n. l. A waistband worn by red
Kafirs ; = u-Koiso.
isa-Ngcete n. 4. Monsonia ovata Cav., a
small plant of the geranium family used
medicinally for dysentery, popularly called
gqita (from the Hottentot).
uku-Ngcikiva, v. t. To scold, upbraid, rebuke,
reproach: wahangcikiva, he upbraided them.
um-Ngcikivi, w. I. A reproacher, up-
braider.
i-Ngcikivo, «. 3. and isi-Ngcikivo, n. 4.
Rebuke, reproach,
uku-Ngcikiveka, v. To be reproached.
«. 8. Reproach (passive).
— Ngcikivela, v. To suffer reproach for:
sibulalekela singcikivekve oho, to this end
we labour and suffer reproach.
u-Ngcilengcile, n 5. Hopping on one leg:
benza U7tgcilengcile, they hopped on one leg.
uku-Ngcileza, v. i. To hop on one leg.
i-Ngcili, n. 3. A worm commonly found in
the intestines.
Ngcingcil interj. Sound of laughing when
contempt is implied.
um-Ngcipeko, «. 6. A small, dangerous
edge between deep places ; a razor-backed
ridge; danger, extremity.
ubu-Ngcipeko, n. 7. State of danger and
extremity.
ukuti-Ngclpu, V. i. To sit or perch on a
point.
uku-Ngcipula, v. i. To sit, as the igqwira
or umtakatt does on his baboon, with one
leg on the animal while using the other to
aid him along in his journey.
ukuti-Ngco, V. t. To pour out some sub-
stance, e.g. water or corn, in a gentle
stream ; fig. to say or do something which
proves to be pleasant to the mind of an-
other: wati-ngco kiiye, he poured out what
he had to say in a gentle stream which
descended nicely into his mind.
isa-Ngco, n. 4. A sweetheart.
ukuti-Ngcongco, (both syllables prolong-
ed), V. To trickle, fall down in drops.
i-Ngcozane, 7i. 3. A little.
uku-Ngcozisa, v. To pour out little by
little in a small, gentle stream.
i-Ngcobo, n. 3. A number^of stalks of reed-
grass standing together in an orderly
manner by the side of water; loc. engcotye-
ni and engcobeni; fig. the manner of
stately, orderly standing; the choice or
best of anything: ingcobo yamapakat't, a
NO
number or body of choice councillors;
see in-Gcobo.
uku-Ngcokoca, (Tribal) = Ngcakaca.
i Ngcola, K. 3. A spear with a short blade
and long iron neck for throwing.
uku-Ngcomb6la, v. t. To relate fully.
ukuti-Ngcongco, see under ukuti-Ngco.
i Ngcongconl, n. 3. A mosquito.
um-Ngcongo, «. 6. Anything brand new:
unmgcongo wenqawa, a new pipe.
i Ngcongolo, n. 3. Cane, reed. Phr. u-Hili
tipume ezingcongoliveni, Hili has come out of
the reeds, i.e. the cat is out of the bag, the
secret is out.
ukuti Ngcofo, V. i. To kick.
uku-Ngcotsha, v. i. To run fast, to be
long-legged.
u-Ngcotsha, n. I. A fast runner; one
who runs or stands on his toes.
i-Ngcotshongcotsho, «. 3. used as adj.
Of the stork, etc, lanky, long-legged.
ubu-Ngcotshongcotsho, n. 7. Lankiness
of a long-legged person.
ubu-NgcotshoIo, «. 7. The spying out of
what is spoken.
uku-Ngcotsholoza, v. t. To be haughty,
proud.
uku-Ngcotshoza, v. i. To walk quietly on
tiptoe, as a spy does ; cf. uku-Cwatshula.
um-Ngcoyazana, n. 6. A nice, little stick
carried when racing bullocks.
i-Ngcozane, n. 3. and uku-Ngcozisa, see
under ukuti-Ngco.
ukuti-Ngcu, V. t. = ukutt-Ncu.
um-Ngcungcuma, n. 6. Something that
towers higher than surrounding things.
i-NgcubuIuIu, n. 3. That which is lean
from sickness.
i-Ngcubunga, n. 3. Bread made of powder-
ed Kafircorn malt (imi- Tombo).
ukuti-Ngcubungu, v. i. To be or remain
alone.
uku-Ngcukungca, v. t. To lance, vaccinate,
inoculate ; fig. to poke a woman at an intlo-
mbe to induce her to come outside for
indecent purposes.
i-NgcuIa, n. 3. Lean meat, generally that
of a calf.
ukuti Ngcumbu, uku-Ngcumbeka, and
Ngcumbuteka, v. i. To lose flesh; to
become thin; to pine away; to be con-
sumptive.
ukuti-Ngcumbii, v. i. Of a spear, to enter
a little ; fig. to commence war.
uku-Ngcumbuza, v. i. To delay in perform-
ing or completing a thing.
NO
um-Ngcungcuma, n. 6. See under ukiit'i-
Ngcu.
uku-Ngcungcuta, v. i. To waste, pine away
by sickness; to decay (very seldom used).
— Ngcungcuteka, v. To be wasted, emaci-
ated; to get thinner and thinner.
— Ngcungcutekela, v. To be wasted for.
— Ngcungcutekisa, v. To make lean;
pass, to be losing flesh, to be lean.
uku-Ngcwala, v. To sit together, as children
do.
uku-NgcwaUsa, v. To make bright,
shining; to sanctify, make holy.
i-Ngcwaliso, n. 3. ] Sanctification.
ubu-Ngcwalisa, «. 7.3
uku-Ngcwaiiseka, v. To be or become
sanctified.
— Ngcwalisela, v. To make bright, etc ,
for a certain purpose.
i-Ngcwane, n. 3. A kind of edible grass.
i-Ngcwangube, n. 3.=i-Ncwangiibe.
Ngcwele, adj. Pure, undefiled: amafuta
angcwele, pure oil ; amanzi atigcwele, clear
wa-er;hoIy: u-Moya Oyhigcivele the Holy
Spirit.
ubu-Ngcwele, w. 7. Purity, holiness.
uku-Ngcwenga, v. i. To be ready to drop, as
rain from the clouds, or as tears from the
eyes : inyetnbezi zangcwenga, the tears were
ready to drop. v. t. To clarify, decant ; to pour
off liquid without disturbing the sediment ;
to separate the clear from the muddy ; to
strain, filter, sift: amanzi ayangcwengiva, the
clear water is poured off from the sedi-
ment ; to take the best of a thing : inkomo
ziitgcirengiwe, the best cattle have been
picked out.
— Ngcwengeka, v. To be clear, purified:
amanzi angcwengekileyo, clarified, clear,
pure water.
— Ngcwengisa, v. To clarify, purify
thoroughly.
i-Ngcwinye, n. 3. Lues venerea.
Nge, (a) Contracted form of Nga 3- before i.
(b) aiix. for forming the Condit. mood; follow-
ed by the participles or compound past tenses
of the indicative, where we use "would,
should, ought to, need, must " : ngendivuyile
from ndinge-( ndinga- ) ndivuyile ukuba ebe-
fikile, I would have been glad if he had
come, (implying that he has not come);
n%Qseleko, he should have been here (if he
had been coming) ; ngesitandana, we
ought to love each other : Mnge tingatsho,
you ought not to say so ; wnge uvgatsJwngo,
you ought not to have said so; ngendiba
NG
ndiynlanda, I would be loving; andingebi
vgumqeshwa ivako, I would not be your
servant.
(c) anx. for forming the negative of the
Potential mood.
u-Ngece, n. I. The male bush buck,
Tragelaphus scriptus sylvaticus (Sparr.)
Ngeke, adv. Never.
u-Ngele, n. 5. Cock's comb ; crest of feathers
on a bird's head.
Phr. livancola uiigele, the cock's comb was
dirty, it had lost its red hue ; i.e. he died
(a sarcastic expression).
uku-Ngena, v. t. and i. To enter, go in : ngen'
apa, enter here ; ndiyingene indlu or nditigene
endlwini, I went into the house ; to penetrate :
umkonto wangena esiftibeni, the lance went
into his chest ; fig. to enter into the mind
or heart : lamngena enlliziyiveni, it (the word)
went into his heart ; wangenwa yintliziyo
yokuha agoduke, it came into his mind to
go home ; ukuze icaiva ndiyigene apa, that I
may spend the Sabbath here ; ungene
nganina kulonto ? what business had you in
that affair ? ukumngena, to lie with her.
Em. Ukungena is to marry or carnally know
one's late brother's wife.
um-NgenI, n. I. One who enters, i.e. chal-
lenges another boy to fight ; a proselyte.
i-Ngeno, «. 3. Umfazi wengeno, is the wife
married according to the Fingo custom
of ukungena.
isi-Ngeno, «. 4- and u-Ngeno, n. 5.
Entrance.
um-NgenI, n. 6. (a) Introduction, (b) A vile
custom of boys.
uku-Ngenela, v. To enter for a purpose,
or on account of : bayingenela yonke imizi,
they smote all the cities. Pass. To be
invaded, attacked : ilizwe langenelwa zi-
nishaba, the country was invaded by the
enemy; to be overpowered, pressed upon:
7idingenelwe luloyiko or ludano, fear or
shame has overpowered me.
— Ngenisa, v. To cause or make to enter;
to bring into ; to introduce, admit ;
zundingenise enkosini, introduce me to the
master; lingenise eniliziyweni, take it
(word) to heart; wandingenisa esikaleni,
he brought me into trouble or danger.
um-Ngenisi, n. I. A door-keeper.
isi-Ngeniso, n. 4. Introduction.
uku-Ngenlsela, and uku-Ngen3seIeIa, v.
To cause to enter; to introduce into:
wazingenisela ityala, he brought guilt
upon himself, i.e. he came into difficulties.
262
NG
u-Ngeiiiselo, n. 5. Gain, profit, (esp. of
harvest).
i-Ngende, n. 3. A dark-coloured forest dove.
Ngengomso, adv. On the morrow; see under
uku Sa.
ubu-Nge-ni, 7Z. 7. = uhii-Nto yanto. Vulgarity,
abject behaviour, lowness, baseness,
meanness.
Ngentia, adv. At the upper part, in the
North ; see i-Ntla.
Ngenxa, prep. On account of; see i-Nxa.
Ngenxenye, adv. Partly; see i-Nxenye.
u-Ngeshe, n. 5. An ear-pendant ; black and
white beads worn round the neck.
i-NGESI n. 2. (a) An Englishman, (b) A grey-
hound; fr. the Eng. or because it was
introduced by the English.
isi-NGESI n. 4. The English language.
ubu-NGESI «. 7. The English character
and customs.
Ngesisa, adv. Freely ; see isi-Sa.
i-Ngevengeve, n. 3. Something tall and
straight ; dim. ingevengevaiia.
Ngeze, adv. with a neg. Never.
i-Ngili, n. 3. The large kind of Kei apple.
i-Ngilikingci, n. 3. The Forest weaver,
Ploceus bicolor Vieill. The name is an
attempt to reproduce the song of the bird.
ukuti Ngindingindi, v. i. To make a noise
with the feet in walking.
uku-Ngindiza, v. i. = ukuti- Ngindingindi.
i-Nginingini, n. 2. An unreliable, untrust-
worthy individual, unworthy of con-
fidence ; a rogue, knave, scoundrel, rascal ;
fem. ingininginikuzi.
ubu-Nginingini, n. 7. Rascality, perfidy.
uku-Nginiza, v. i. To deal faithlessly, per-
fidiously, etc. ; cf. Tshiniza.
um-Nginizi, n. i. A treacherous person.
u-Nginizo, w. 5. Treachery.
uku-Nginizela, v. To deal treacherously
with or against.
uku-Nginizelana, v. To deal treacher
ously with one another.
i-Ngobo, //. 3. = in-Gobo.
i-Ng5bo, n. 3. = in-Gobo.
i-Ngobozi, n. ^.-iii-Gobozi.
i-NgogoIo, n. 3. = in-Gogolo.
i-Ngoje, ti. S.=in-Goje. ^
Ngokabani-na? inter, pron. I and 6 cl. sing.
Whose? ngokabani-na nmscbcnzi? whose
work is it ? see Ngubani-na ?
Ngoko, and Ngokoko, f^«y. Therefore; see
Oko5,
NG
Ngokokuba, conj. Because ; see uku-Ba I. B.
Ngokokude, conj. Until, etc.; ngokokude
sincame uboini, so that or until we despaired
of life; see De.
Ngokokumbi, adv. Especially, etc. ; see
Mbl
Ngokokuze, conj. In order that; see uku-
Za.
Ngoku, adv. Now; see Oku 3.
Ngokuba, conj. Because; see uku-Ba I. B.
Ngokukodwa, conj. Much more, more
abundantly, especially; see Kodwa.
Ngokukwanjalo, ^^v. Even so; see Njalo.
Ngokungapezulu, adv. Much more, etc.;
see Pezulu.
Ngokungati, conj. As if, etc.; see uku-T't.
Ngokunjaio, adv. Likewise, etc. ; see Njalo.
Ngokunje, a^/'. Just now ; see A^>.
Ngokunye, adv. Once more, etc.; see Nye,6.
Ngokusekuhleni, adv. Openly; see uku-
Hla.
Ngokuti-ni? Ngokuti-nina? In what
way .? etc. ; see uku- Ti.
Ngokutsha, adv. Anew; see Tsha.
Ngokuyinxenye, aJ'y. Partly; seei-Nxenye.
Ngokwa, ngokwe, ngok(w)o, prep. Ac-
cording to, etc. ; see Oko, 6.
i-NgoIoti, H. 2. A young man -j^um-Fana.
(This word was used of a member of chief
Ngangelizwe's regiment of uncircumcised
young men).
i-NgoIovane, n. 3. A troUy ; = in-Golovane.
i-Ngolwane, «. 2. A minute tick found in
large numbers on hens and on ostriches. PI.
the ox which the woman brings as dowry
to her husband's place to be slaughtered
there.
uku-Ngoma, v. t. To sing.
i-Ngoma, //. 3. A song of praise.
uku-Ngomba, v. i. To strike the breast.
ukuti-Ngomb6, v. i. To walk straight for-
ward; to do a thing in the right style, e.g.
singing.
u Ngomncama, n. l. The African lily,
Agapanthus.
u-Ngompe, n. I. The finger next to the
little one ; see u-Cikicane.
u-Ngompemate, //. l. The middle finger.
Ngomso, adv. To morrow; see uku-Sa.
i-Ngomso, n. 2. The morrow; see uku-Sa.
Ngona, adv. Em. = Kdn(i, there.
i-Ngondo, //. 2. A hip bone: yabitya lankomo
yada yanamangondo, that cow was so lean,
that the hip-bones stood out.
isi-Ngondo, n. 4. (a) A very large maize cob.
(b) Superstitious ideas; fabulous legends.
263
NO
i-Ngone, «. 3. Koper-draad ; = in-Gone.
uku-NgongoIot^Ia, v. i. To wait and wait
for nothing.
i-Ngongo!otdIa, «. 3. A looking for or
waiting for in vain: sabaiiffaqivalasela yaba
yingongolotcla, we looked and waited but
in vain.
uku-Ngongoza, v. t. To have palpitation of
the heart.
i-Ngontsi, n. 2,. = in-Gontsi.
ubu-Ngonyama, «. 7. The state of being
like a \\on; = ubun-Gonyania.
u-Ngope, «. I. The fourth or ring finger ; =
u-Ngompe.
i-Ngoql, n. 3. = in-Goqi.
i-Ngoqo, n. 3. Boiled maize.
i-Ngorolo, n. 3. A number of red things.
i-Ngozi, n. 3. Danger ; = in-Gozi.
ubu-Ngozl, n. 7. State of being unfortunate.
i-Ngqabalala, «. 3. A robust person of
great physical endurance; dimin. an active
busy little thing.
uku-Ngqabalaza, v. t. To resist, oppose,
dispute; to be of a contrary opinion.
ukuti-Ngqabavu.'u. /. To become half drunk.
i-Ngqabavu, 7j. 3. One who is half in-
toxicated.
i-Ngqadangqada, n. 3. from nhiti-Gqada.
Activity, quickness, being everywhere.
i-Ngqakaqa, n. 3. Small-pox.
ubu-NgqakambA, w. 7. The state of being
playful (horse), or being jolly from drink.
uku-Ngqakulisa, v. t. To break in (a horse),
train, discipline.
i-Ngqalutye, n. 3. A ball or pebble used by
children for throwing in the game nku-Puca.
uku-Ngqamba, v. i. To be too short or
small to fit properly in its place.
i-NgqambashoIo, n. 3. A strong, tall person.
i-Ngqambu, n. 3. The piece of wood on
the noose of a trap for birds or game; the
ligament of the tongue; fig. slowness of
speech; restraint.
ukuti-Ngqauana, v. i. To be open, open-
hearted; to do a thing in a wholesome
way; to be distinct, intelligible f ilizivi lako
lite-ngqanana, thy word was clear.
i-Ngqanci, «. 2. The first settlers in a
district.
i-Ngqanda, «. 3. A small, thin, four-sided
assegai used for boring holes in sewing a
milksack, etc.; used also in hunting and in
urging on bullocks in racing, adj. Sharp,
piercing: amehlo angqatida, piercing eyes.
i-Ngqandende, n.2. Residue, remainder; pi.
those persons who remain behind at home,
NO
i-Ngqanga, n. 3. A generic name for large
birds of prey.
um-Ngqangqa, v. 6. The mountain hard
pear, Pleurostylia capensis Oliv.
i-Ngqangqambd, n. 3. See under uku-Qaqa-
mba.
i-Ngqangqasholo «. 3. A muscular person;
see m-Gqongqosiwlo,
uku-Ngqangqaza, v. i. To thunder.
i-Ngqaqasi, n. 3. Stony, dry ground with
little vegetation.
i-Ngqaqu, «. 3. Dancing of men.
i-Ngqata, n. l.^in-Gqata
uku-Ngqawa, v. i. To hunt in the open.
i-Ngqawane, n. 2,. = in-Gqaivane.
i-Ngqawe, n. 2). = in-Gqawe.
i-Ngqaza, n. l. = in Gqaza.
Ngqazolo, adj. Sharp (eyes).
Ngqe, adv. Quickly, truly, fully: wahamba
ngqe, he walked quickly ; ndazi ngqe, I know
fully.
i-Ngqebelelana, n. 3. Used as adj. Big,
arrogant (words) ; bantering.
i-Ngqegqe or i-Ngqeqe, n. 3. A small kind
of dog; a dwarf.
i-Ngqele, «. 3. Frost, cold.
um-Nqemba, n. 6. Kind of bird.
uku-Ngqendeva, v. i. To sit lazily; to be
in the house when others are outside.
uku-Ngqenga, v. i. To be afraid, retreat in
an attack.
um-Ngqepe, n. 6. A cup made from a
calabash ; a great drinking vessel.
i-Ngqeshemba, = in-Gqeshemba.
ukuti-Ngqeze, v. i. To be snug, comfort-
able.
ukuti-Ngqi, V. t. To give lavishly, more than
necessity warrants: wanditi-ngqi ingubo
entsha, he gave me a new garment.
isi-Ngqi, n. 4. The passing sound of hard
footsteps (tramping in dances) ; any sound
or noise caused by some unseen circum-
stance or operation; the rattling of fire.
um-Ngqi, n. 6. (a) A single string of beads;
a thread, (b) Blackwood, Gymnosporia
peduncularis (Sond.).
u-Ngqibizikaka, //. l. The thumb; see
u-Cikicanc.
i-Ngqili, n. 3. A district.
i-Ngqimba, n. 3. Thickness, denseness; a
great number of men, houses, etc., in a heap,
close together; water in a great quantity:
ingqimba zamnfii, thick clouds, cloud upon
cloud.
i-NgqimdoIo, n. 3. A species of plant.
ukuti-Ngqindilili, v. i. To be opaque, dark,
dense, not transparent.
284
NG
i-Ngqindilili, ;/. 3. That which is thick,
strong, as a strong woollen blanket, or
thick glass; opaque, dull.
ubu-Ngqindilili, n. 7. Dullness, lacking in
transparency; fig. hardness, stubbornness.
i-Ngqindiva, n. 2. Any thing of an oval
shape, longer than broad, like an egg:
umntu olingqindiva, a person of dispropor-
tionate features, with an oblong face and
prominent cheeks.
i-Ngqindiva, n. 3. One who sits with his
head held proudly back,
uku-Ngqinga, r. t. To surround, besiege, as
an enemy surrounds a place, or hunters
game.
um-Ngqingi, n. i, A besieger, enemy.
i-Ngqinga, v. 3. Siege, surrounding; com-
pass of a net ; fig. narrowness of mind.
u-Ngqingo, n. 5. Siege.
uku-NgqIngela, v. To surround for an-
other.
— Ngqingisa, v. To cause to surround.
isa-Ngqingql, n. 4. An energetic, active,
lively person ; fr. isi-Ngqi.
uku-NgqIngqa, v. i. To go frequently in
and out of a person's house ; to go to and
and fro from one house to another. Phr.
umana uktmgqingqa ebuyelela exela izitlii
lakwa Hala, he is always running back
and forward like Hala's thunder.
— Ngqingqela, v. To frequent a place.
— Ngqingqiza, v. t. To stamp the ground
with the feet in running ; to applaud by
stamping with the feet.
— Ngqingqizela, v. To show kindness to
another.
Ngqingqwa, adj. Heavy, very dark
(clouds) ; heavy, strong (garments) ; dark,
dense, thick (foliage or forest); opaque,
not transparent.
ubu-Ngqingqwa, n. 7. Denseness, heavi-
ness, thickness.
i-Ngqipula n. 3. A clod.
uku-Ngqisha, v. i. To stamp with the feet
on the ground; to make a rushing or
stamping noise (sheep).
i-Ngqiti, n. S. = in-Gqiti.
uku-Ngqivaza, v. i. To hesitate.
— Ngqivazelisa, v. To cause to hesitate.
Ngqo, interj. Used by children in a game
like in- Toshe.
ukuti-Ngqo, v. i. To go straight forward
in a road or matter without turning to the
right or left; to do a thing immediately,
without delay: wahamba ete-ngqo, he
proceeded straight forward, kept the road.
JJ 265
NG
i-Gqobe.
n. 3. A rattling noise ; a
i-Ngqobe, n. 3. = /;
i-Ngqokongqoko,
stony place.
uku-Ngqokola, v. i. To whistle as boys
do when herding cattle; to sing in a
hoarse bass voice, producing the sound
far back in the throat, and keeping the
mouth open.
i-NgqokoIo, v. 3. The whistling of boys.
i-Ngqokozo, n. 3 A stony place: bawele
ngelengqokozo izibuko, they crossed by the
stony drift.
i-Ngqokoqwane, n. 3. A weevil.
uku-Ngqokotisa, v. t. To answer evasively.
Ngqokova, adj. Very red with red clay.
i-Ngqola, n. 3. A species of red locust.
i-Ngqolo, w. 3. An unclean animal (baboon).
Ngqombd, and Ngqombela, adj. Of a
blood-red colour; see in-Gqombd.
i-Ngqonib6kazi, n. 3. A light-red cow.
ukuti-Ngqomb6, v. i. To walk straight
forward, etc.; = ukuti-Ngombo.
i-Ngqomfiya, n. 3. That which is great,
etc., = in-Gqomfiya,
uku-Ngqonga, v. t. = Ngqinga. To surround:
bamngqonga ukuhlala, they sat round about
him.
i-Ngqonga, ^ i-Ngqinga.
uku-Ngqongela, = Ngqingela.
— Ngqonglsa, = Ngqingisa.
i-Ngqongana, n. 3. Anything diminishing
in size, as a river in drought ; = in-Gqongana.
i-Ngqongqo, n. 3. A dried bullock-skin,
etc.; = in-Gqongqo.
ubu-Ngqongqo, n. 7. The state of being hard:
wampata ngqmgqo, he treated him sharply.
i-NgqongqoshoIo, n. 3. A talk, corpulent
person; a hard character.
i-Ngqongqot6, n, 3. A person who excels
in speech or in anything good.
i-Ngqoqo, n. 3. An armlet of black shells ;
the colour of a goat.
i-NgqoshoIo, and i-Ngqoshomba, tt. 3. A
muscular person ; see in-Gqosholo.
i-Ngqoto, n. 3. The rough edge of a dried
5yim; = in-Gqotd.
ukuti-Ngqu, I. v. i. To knock up against
something.
uku-Ngquba, v. t. and i. pass, ngqutywa. To
knock up against a hard substance, or
against a person : undingqubile, he knock-
against me.
— Ngqubeka, v. To knock (with the head
or elbow) against something; of a boat,
to become a wreck: umkombe ungqvbeke
eweni, the ship was wrecked on a rock.
NQ
ukutl-Ngqu, II. and NgqupantsI, v. i. To
reach down to the ground, to touch it:
iiiguho itc-wjqu pantsi, the garment reached
to the ground ; xvati-ngqu ngcntonga, he
supported himself with a stick in walking; to
push against or away ; fig. to be below ;
to stand on the nethermost step; to take
offence; to be offended.
u-Ngqupantsi, «. l. Anything reaching
to the ground, as a garment; a hut with-
out plastered walls, one in which the
thatch reaches to the ground, e.g. an
ahahwka hut.
uku-Ngqula, v. t. To throw, push, beat a
person down to the ground, as in wrest-
ling.
— Ngquleka. v. To be overthrown in
wrestling.
i-Ngqubusi, «. 3. A waterfall.
uku-Ngqukaitia, v. t. To be inclined to
yawn ; to look gloomy ; to scowl.
i-Ngqukunyembe, n. 3, One who is
undecided, who takes both sides; a
weathercock.
i-Ngqukuva, «. 3. A person with a flat or
stump head; an ox without horns, adj.
Round, cropped; of a hut,^ound or circu-
lar; of a man, stubborn.
i-Ngqumfa, n. 3. Maize with short cobs ; a
crowd of people.
uku-Ngqumshela, v. i. To milk into a
vessel containing curdled milk.
i-Ngqumshela, n. 3. Milk thickened by
being poured on curdled milk.
uku-Ngqumshelela, v. i. To sing bass.
uku-Ngqunga, v. i. To fidget about; to be
restless, uneasy, like a mouse in a trap;
to attempt to escape from another by
wrestling or struggling; used of cattle
which are restless and try to break out of
the kraal ; to writhe from pain or anguish ;
to complain, utter a grievance.
um-NgqungI, «. l. One who fidgets
about ; one who tries to escape from the
grasp of another.
uku-Ngqungela, v. To fidget: to com-
plain to (a chief).
— Ngqungisa, v. To cause restlessness.
— Ngqungisana, v. To struggle with
someone, as with a policeman on being
arrested: to make each other restless.
uku-Ngqungqa, v. i. To dance with con-
tortions of the body, especially at the
in-Tonjanc.
i-Ngqungqo, «. 3. A dance.
NQ
i-Ngqungqumbane, ;/. 3. A small truck or
trolley; fig. a little, active person.
uku-Ngqungqutela, v. i. To assemble in
great numbers.
i-Ngqungqutela, n. 3. A congress or
conference ; great festive assembly.
ubu-Ngqungqutela, n. J. Meeting or
assembling in great numbers.
Ngqungquzu, adj. from tikutt-Gquzu. Brittle.
i-Ngqungqwana, n. 3. A short thing or
person.
Ngqungu, adv. Wholly.
ukuti-Ngqungu, v. i. To be full to over-
flowing.
um-Ngqungu, n. 6. (a) A basket made of
rushes for holding tobacco ;dimin. umngqu-
ngwana. (b) Fig. a man who goes to his
wife's home and voluntarily makes himself
a servant to his father-in-law : uzetiz' mn-
ngqiuigu, lit. he has made himself a tobacco-
basket, i.e. a servant.
i-Ngqungungqungu, «. 3- Diminutive
corn or maize with little foodstuff in it; =
in-Gqtinguttgqungu.
uku-Ngqunguza, v. i. To evade.
u-Ngqupantsi, n. l. See under ukuti-Ngqu.
i-Ngquzungquzu, n. 3. from ukuti-Gquzu.
A brittle thing; used as adj. Brittle.
i-Ngqwalashu, n. i.-in-Gqwalashu.
i-Ngqwangangqwanga, n. 3. Tossing of
the head from side to side (by a bull).
uku-Ngqwangaza, v. Of a bull, to toss
the head from side to side in a surly
mood.
i-Ngqwangaza, 11. 3. The sound produced
by ox-hide shields at a fight.
uku-Ngqwanganlsela, v. To ward off,
protect ; = ukti-Hlanganisela (b). To puz-
zle one's opponent in an argument by
bringing up trifling points.
i-Ngqwangangqwili, n. 3. A rough, rude,
coarse, uncouth person; also one whose
wrath soon gives way to affection.
ubu-Ngqwangangqwili, n. 7- Coarseness,
rudeness, roughness.
i-Ngqwangi, n. 3. The Bakbakiri bush-
shrike, Pelicinius zeylonus (L)., so called
from its cry. Its favourite haunt where it
is in the habit of crying is considered to
be a good site for a cattle-kraal.
i-Ngqweme, ?/. 3. The flesh of the neck.
i-Ngqwemla, n. 3. A powerful ruler; a
person of extraordinary size.
i-Ngqwindana, n. 3. A short thing (e.g. the
thumb) or person.
NO
Ngu, I. Copula before Nouns and Pronouns :
2 p. sing, nzuwe, it is thou; I cl. sing.
ngxxye, it is he ; 6 cl. sing, nguwo, it is it
(tree).
2. Expresses Cau<!al relationship: heli-
tetwa ngMwe, it (the word) was spoken by
you ; kwenziwe nguye, it has been done by
him; ndakukuliswa n^umlamho, I was
carried away by the river. In neg. sen-
tences it is sometimes left out: tikuze anga-
bulawa mntu, that he may not be killed by
any man.
3. In poetry it stands for prefixes of
other classes, personifying things: ngundaba
for zindaba, it is news ; ngmikomo for yinkomo,
■ it is a cow; ngundlela isinga paya, whose
way goes there.
i-Nguba, n. 3. = in-Giiha.
i-Ngubane, n. ^.-in-Gubane.
Ngubani-na? interrog. pron. with copula,
Who is it? or, by whom? pi. ngobani-na?
who are they ? from ubani-na f who ?
i-Ngubo, n. 3. A garment ; ~ in-Gubo.
i-Ngudu, n. i. = in.Giidu.
i-Ngula, n. 3. Precedence, superiority.
i-Ngulube, n. 3. The bush pig ; = w-Gm/m&^.
i-Ngumane, n. 3. Cocks^nr -y-in-Gumane.
ukuti-Ngumbu, v. i. To give forth a hollow
sound, like an empty cask or drum when
struck.
i-Ngumza, n. 3. An unripe maize-cob
when the grain is just forming.
uku-Ngumza, v. i. To mumble.
— Ngumzela, v. To speak or converse
privately over a matter; to murmur; cf.
Dumzela.
uku-Ngunda, v. i. To become mouldy:
isonka singundile, the bread is mouldy
rust ; to rot, as manure.
ukuti-Ngunga and uku-Ngunga, v. t. To
form a circle by coming together at a
meeting or assembly; to swarm round, as
flies round a horse in travelling ; to crowd
together, as people in the street to see a
sight, or a fallen animal, or at a burial.
i-Ngungane, n. 3.
u-Ngungane, n. 5.
a meeting.
uku-Ngungela, v.
press on one.
— Ngungelana, v.
u-Ngungelwano,
gether in troops.
uku-Ngungisa, v.
\ A crowd of people;
To swarm around and
To gather in troops.
n. 5. Gathering tc
To cause to join or
support a certain cause.
NG
ebu-Nguni, ??. 7. loc. In the west; westward.
A neighbouring country, which possesses
foreign commodities.
i-Ngutyana, n. 3. dimin. of i-Ngubo.
Nguwe, Copula, 2 p. sing. It is thou; see
Ngu.
Nguwo, Copula, 6 cl. sing. It is it: nguwo
umt'i, it is the tree ; wawiswa nguwo utnbane,
he was thrown down by lightning.
Nguwupina ? Which is it ? of two or more ;
see P'tna?
Nguye, Copula and pron. I cl. sing. It is
he ; see Ngu.
i-Nguza, n. 3. A porpoise or dolphin.
i-Ngwabavu, n. 3. A number of red things.
i-Ngwamza, ?;. 3. ThQsX.ovk; = in-Gwamza.
i-Ngwane, n. 3. The octopus.
ubu-Ngwangcangwangca, n. 7. Haste in
preparation to ward off an attack.
uku-Ngwangcazela, v, i. To take up a
defensive position ; see Gwangcazela.
uku-Ngwangqaza, To cry aloud ; ^A^^t-
ngaza.
i-Ngwangqazo, n. 3. Loud cry ; = u-Nqa-
ngazo.
i-Ngwangwa, n. 3. Clapping with hands at a
dance; a noisy multitude.
i-Ngwangwane, n. 3. The stork ; = /«-
Gwamza.
uku-Ngwangwanisa, v. t. To hold back a
direct answer ; to give an answer which is
not the true one ; to act as if giving a thing,
without actually giving it.
Ngwanyalala, adj. Of a hide, hard; fig.
austere, fiery, audacious, impudent, angry
(shewn in the face).
ubu-Ngwanyalala, n. 3. Hardness, fierce-
ness, impudence.
i-Ngwe, n. 3. The leopard ; = n/-Gw^.
i-Ngweletshetshe, n. 3- A small shield ; =
in- Gweletshetshe.
ukuNgwengwema, v. i. To pass at a dis-
tance as one who is frightened or guilty ; =
Qweqwema.
u Ngwengwezi, n. 5. Dimness.
i-Ngwenkala, n. 3. The ?.Qrw3.\;-inGwe-
nkala.
i-Ngwenya, n. 3. The crocodile ; = m-Gw^-
nya.
i-Ngweqe, ?i. 3. Ai)irQ2X; = in-Gweqe.
ukuti-Ngweve and uku-Ngweva, v. i. To
be grey from mildew : isonka singwevile, the
bread is covered with mildew, spider webs
or insects.
26;
NO
Ngwevu, adj. Grey: ihashe I ingwevu, the
horse is grey: ihashekazi elingwevu,
a grey mare; inkabi engwevu, the grey ox ;
inwele zingwevu, the hair is grey ; dimin.
ngwevana, greyish.
i-Ngwevu, «. 3. An old, greyheaded man.
i-Ngwevukaz!, n. 3. A grey female
animal : ingivevukazi yenkomo, a grey cow.
ubu-Ngwevu, n. 7. Greyness; old age.
i-Ngwexa, «. 3. Something red or turning
red.
u-Ngwili, n. 5. A large number (of children
in a family or cattle under a chief) : ttdiya
kuluti-nina olungwili Iwabantwana kulendlala,
what am I to do with this crowd of children
in this famine.
ukuti-Ngxa, v. i. To flow down (tears),
coming out in drops,
uku Ngxaba, v. i. To straddle ; to go in a
different direction.
ukuti-Ngxabalala, v. To go or sit astride ;
to make one's mark by means of a cross.
uku-Ngxabalaza, v. To straddle, sit
astride.
i-Ngxabanga, «. 3. The forked branch
of a tree or the fork in a branch.
i-Ngxabatshitshi, n. 3. Tumult, din.
i-Ngxakangxaka, «. 3. Disorder, etc. ; = /«-
Gxakatigxaka.
uku Ngxalanga, v. t. To look greedily at
those who are eating; to desire, covet,
shown by a peculiar look.
i-Ngxamba, «. 2. One who is very active
and busy.
i-NgxamshoIo, n. 3. A tall person; a giant.
i-Ngxangula, n. 3. A long pointed tooth, or
one with long pointed teeth.
i-Ngxangxa, n. 3. A thing not nicely shap
ed, etc. ; see in-Gxangxa.
i-Ngxangxasi, «. 3. A waterfall, cascade.
i-Ngxashingxashi, «. 2. One who is
always in haste. PI. Rashness, inconsider-
ateness, thoughtlessness, extreme hurry,
precipitation.
uku-Ngxatd, v. i. To sit astride with the
legs straddling.
u-Ngxau, n. I. A three-legged iron pot.
i-Ngxauka, «. 3. Good luck, favourable
opportunity.
uku-Ngxaza, y. i. from ukuti-Ngxa. To
flow down.
— Ngxazangxaza, 1
(rain).
i-Ngxazangxazd,
downpour of rain.
NG
To flow down often
3. A continuous
uku-Ngxeka, V. To sit in a striding position ;
fig. to trouble one with many questions;
to be unable to shut the mouth.
i-Ngxeki, «. 3. A kind of bird, e\.c', = in-Gxeki.
uku-Ngxenga, v. t. To mix liquids together,
as wine and water; to adulterate; fig. to
corrupt, mar the truth.
um-Ngxengo, n. 6. A mixture, e.g. of
milk and water.
uku-Ngxengela, = uku-Ngxenga.
— Ngxengelela, = uku-Ngxenga.
u-Ngxengelelo, «. 5. Adulteration.
i-Ngxengengxenge, «. 3. from uku-Xenga.
A loosely tied rope.
ubu-Ngxengengxenge, n. 7. = ubu-Xeketwa.
u-Ngxengezi, n. I. A generic name for
several species of warblers.
ukuti-Ngxi, V. i. To stand firm in the ground.
um-Ngxi, n. I. A fair, nice-looking person.
um-Ngxi, «. 6. Comeliness, affability,
kindness.
i-Ngxikela, «. 3. A great quantity, something
on a large 5Cdi\Q; = in-Gxikela.
i-Ngxikwine, n. 3. A large piece, etc. ; see in-
Gxikivane
i-Ngxilimbela, w. 3. A tall man, a giant.
i-Ngximba, n. 3. A band made of the
trailing stems of the wild vine.
ukuti-Ngxipu, V. i. To be or stand fixed on
something : ndisuke enqweleni ngxipu
emhlabeni, I jumped from the wagon to the
ground.
uku-Ngxitila, v. To abuse oneself.
i-Ngxizakwe, «. 3. Anything long and
seemingly endless in duration.
i-Ngxobonga, «. 3. A pick.
i Ngxobongo, and i-Ngxobongwana, «. 3.
A disease which pits the skin like smallpox,
and causes miscarriage.
i-Ngxobdtshane, «. 'i.^^ in-Gxobotshane.
i-NgxokoIo, n. i. = in-Gxokolo.
um-Ngxokwane, n. 6. A small hollow or pit.
uku-Ngxola, V. i. To bluster in speaking ; to
bully; to be noisy ; to make a row, to quarrel.
i-NgxoIo, M. 3. Loud, noisy speech: musani
ukwenza ingxolo, do not make a noise.
uku-Ngxolisa, v. To abuse, scold, brawl,
quarrel with.
— Ngxolisana, v. To scold, contend with,
each other.
i-Ngxonde, «. 3. A refuge.
i-Ngxondofa, n. 3. A precipitous, rugged
hill or mountain; a refuge.
uku-Ngxongxa, v. i. To lie on the back
with the knees up,
— Ngxongxisa, = uku-Ngxongxa.
268
NQ
uku-Ngxongxota, v. To repeat in a slow,
tedious manner.
i-Ngxongxotd, n. 3. A lengthy repetition.
i-Ngxovungxovu, n. 3. A blusterer.
u-Ngxoxwa, n. i. from uhi-Xoxa. One much
discussed by others.
ukuti-Ngxubungu, a i. To squeeze through
a narrow place.
um-Ngxubungu, n. 6. A pulpit.
i-Ngxukuma, n. 3. A corpulent person.
uku-NgxuIela, v. i. Of a woman, to be
continually bearing children.
i-Ngxuluba, n. 3. (a) A passage between two
armies, (b) Afterpains of labour.
ukuti-Ngxumbu, v. To be in disorder, terror;
to disagree in expression of opinion : waqala
apoke umzi ukufun' ukuti-ngxumhu, at that
juncture the clan began to disagree.
i Ngxumbungxumbu, ;/. 3. Great dis-
order ; irregularity, confusion.
uku-Ngxuttibuza, v. To make a noise,
cause confusion.
ukuti Ngxungu, v. /. To be alarmed,
concerned.
i-Ngxungula, n. 3. A thrower down.
i-Ngxungxa, n. 3. Used as adv. Frequently.
Ngxungxu, adj. Profuse.
i-Ngxungxu, n. 3. The grysbok ; i-Nxunxu.
i-Ngxushane, ». 3. Din, disturbance, quarrel-
ling ; = ing-Xahano.
i-Ngxushungxushu, adj. Loose, fine, dusty,
brittle ; of corn, coarsely ground.
uku-Ngxuta, V. i. To go down an incline.
uku-Ngxwabaza, = uku-Ngxiimbiiza.
i-Ngxwabilili, n. 3. A large herd of animals
feeding together.
i-Ngxwala, n. 3. A soft white stone ;-
in-Gxwala.
i-Ngxwenga, n. 3. A long, tall person.
Ni,. I pron. suhj. 2 p. pi. You : niyaheta,
you beat.
2. pron. obj. 2 p. pi. ndiyanibeta. I beat you,
um-Ni, n. i. A person belonging to a clan or
tribe: wigumni-na wena? to which tribe do
you belong ? fem. nmnikazi. Plur. amani,
the people of a tribe : ngamani-na la ? of
what tribes are these ? izicaka uya kuzifu-
mana kumani-7ia f among what tribes, i.e.
where, will you find servants ?
i-Ni, n. 3. {a) = in-To or u-To. Thing, matter,
used in neg. sentences : afidini yani = andinto
yanto, I am nothing ; ahum oko mntwini, that
is nothing to any one ; akukwa-ni, it matters
nothing; akwehla-nt, nothing happened
andinaknti-ni, I can do nothing; ndwgate-n'i
nemftindo, learning is nothing to me, i.e. I
Ni
do not care for learning; ezonto azinamsebe-
nzi wa-n\ wokiipilisa, these things are quite
useless for healing; loc. enini, = eniweni.
(b) Time: ni-riinaf what time? when?
ubu-Ni, M. 7. = uhu-Nto. The characteristic
mode, peculiarity by which persons or
nations are distinguished from each other,
hence, nationality : bayaqayisa ngohwii habo,
they boast of their nationality.
Nibe, aux. for forming the compound tenses
2 p. pi. : nibe niyenza contract, beniycnza
(imperfect) lento, you were or have been
doing this thing ; (ni) bentngayi kuyenza,
(fut.), you were not going to do it, or would
not have done it.
i-NlBlDYALA, n. 3. New Year's day ; fr. Du.
Nieuwjaar.
uku-Nika, v. t. (obsolete perf. ndenike, I have
given.) To give to; to transmit, deliver,
bestow, confer, communicate, contribute:
ingumntwana esimnikiweyo ngu-T'txo, it is a
child whom God has given to us; wondinika
ilizwi, you must give me a word ; to afford,
supply, furnish : ndinike ndidle, give me food ;
sizinikwd ngu-Tlxo zonke izinto ezilungileyo,
God gives us all good things.
Phr. ukunik' isandla, to shake hands, to
assist; umhlaba awuniki niOj the land casts
its fruit; ukunik' intando, (used only by
women) may mean either to make a man
love her or to injure a man by washing her
body with intando.
um-Niki, n. I. A giver.
uku Nikana, v. To give, etc., to each
other: banikana amazivi, they quarrelled.
Phr. into ayibetwa nganikana, a thing is not
fixed by imparting it, i.e. don't give
everything away by speaking.
— Nikela, v. To give for a purpose; to
give or hand over to another; to offer:
simnikelwa nto-nina? for what purpose
was he given to us? lemali yinikele mna
naive, give this money for you and me;
wayinikela inkoino kuye, he gave the cow
over to him ; bamnikela ezandleni zentshaba,
they delivered him into the hands of the
enemy; nikela! let the calf out of the
fold to go to the cow (before milking).
Phr. ndamnikela ikosi, I turned my back
on him; umlambo sizvunikcla "ngasekohlo,
with the river on our left, showing the
position of a person towards an object
or locality.
um-Nikeli, «. I. A giver, deliverer.
u-Nikelo, n. 5. Custom; duty which is to
be paid.
269
NI
um-Nikelo, n. 6. Gift, offering, sacrifice
presented to another; a meeting at which
contributions are given for a special
purpose.
uku-Nikelana, v. To reciprocate; to de-
liver up one another.
— Nikelela, v. To give a contribution for
a person: uz' undinikelele ngesheleni, put
down a shilling for me (at the utnnikelo).
— Nikezela, v. t. To surrender uncon-
ditionally to the enemy; to hand about
from one to another.
um-NlkazI, «. I. (a) fem. of um-Ni. (b) fem.
of urn Nini. The female owner of a thing;
the mistress of the house; the woman
charge of the establishment: mnnikaziyo,
the female owner of a thing belonging to
3 cl. sing, or 6 cl. pi. ; umnikazilo, the female
owner of something belonging to 2 cl. sing,
(horse) ; and so on through all classes.
uku-Nikina, v. t. To rub up against one
another; to abuse; to rouse from sleep by
giving a shake or knock; to shake the head;
wanikina intloko, he shook the head, i.e. he
did not consent, was against or opposed to
a proposal ; also — Ncinita.
ama-Nikiniki, n. 2. pi. Tattered garment.
uku-Nikiza, v. t. To tear into shreds; to
tear by dragging or shaking, to worry,
as a dog does to a wild animal.
i-NlKlsi, n. 3. Nothing; fr. Du. niets.
i-Nimba, n. 3. Used in si7ig. only. Labouring
pains in child-birth ; inimba yokufa, pains of
death.
um-Ni mbltl, n. 6. Laurel or Black Stink-
wood, Ocotea bullata Nees.
Nina, L Emphat. pron. subj. and obj. 2 p. pi.
You ; ye ; yourselves : oku niya kukubona nina,
this you shall see yourselves; nina nitandayo,
(general), you who love; nina batandayo,
(special) you who love, not hate, im.plying
that there or others who do not love.
Nina? IL (from i-Ni). interrog. pron. = into-
ni? What? of what sort? in what way or
manner ? why ? ul'i-nina ? what do you say ?
ngesiti-nina hiye? what ought we to say to
him? wenze-nina? what have you done?
ulilelaninaf why, or for what reason, or
from what cause are you crying ? ubakulule
kwininaf from what did he release them?
zipo zi-nina? what gifts? iimisa sizaiu si-
nina? what reason do you give? yinto-nina?
what thing or matter is it ? nto-nina? what?
This nina is sometimes shortened into
uhamhela-nif why or for what do you walk?
wati-ni u-T'txo ukulidala ihlabat'i? how did
2/0
Ni
God create the world? ini? yinif question
of reproach: wohamba inif what, will you
go?
As adj. it is applied to individuals denot-
ing their peculiarity of character or nation-
ality: ngumntu mnina lof what kind of man
is this ?
The chief combinations are :
(a) Na-nina? nandawo-nina? na-
nto-nina? lit. what has it? i.e. what is
the matter? unandawo-nivaf what is the
matter with you? what business brings
you here? what ails you? see in-Dawo.
(b) Nga-nlna? nga ni? ngandawo-
nina? nganto-nina? lit. through or by
what? i.e. why? how is it? wherefore?
for what reason? kukd nga-ni-ke okof by
what is that there or present ? wazi nga-
ninaf how do you know ? utsho nga-ni? on
what grounds do you say so? kunga-ni
ukiiba kube-njalo? why is it so? uze nga-
tidawo-nina? what cause brought you
here ? kunga-nina ? by or for what reason ?
kwakunga-nina ukiiba kube-njalo-nje? for
what reason was it so f
(c) Yi-nina? lit. it is what? i.e. why?
yinina ukuba ubaleke, or ttbaleke yinina?
why do you run away? what is the reason
that you flee ?
(d) Yinto-nina? What is it? ilitye
liyinto-nina? what is a stone?
(e) Ni-nina? What time? when? ufikS
nini-na? when did you arrive? wokuyeka
nini-na oku? when shall (the time come
that) you leave off this?
(f) Si-nina? kusi-nina? Which (of
two alternatives) ? wapuma pina? ezulwini,
ebantwini kusinina ? whence came he, from
heaven or from men? wena ungozayo-na
silinde wumbt kusinina? art thou he that
Cometh, or look we for another?
(g) Ngakana-nina? How great, much
or many ? indlu yako ingakana-nina ? how
large is your house? adv. kangakana-nina}
how much ? ndikupe kangakana-nina? how
much must I give you ? see Ngaka.
(h) Nja-nina? Lit. like what? how?
of what kind ? unja-nina uyihlo namhla-nje?
how is your father to-day ? wazenza zaba
tija-nina into zonke? how were all the
things he made, i.e. of what quality?
kunja-nina? how is it? ulesa nia-nittaf how
readest thou? abantii abanjanina? what
sort of people? adv. kanja-ninaf How? in
what way or manner? ndiyakwenza kanja-
nif how am I to do? see Nja.
Nl
u-Nina, «. I. His, her, or their motlier;
fig. capital, a sum of money bearing interest ;
contract, uno: unomfazi, mother-in-law.
u-Ninakazi, n. I. His, her, or their aunt
on the mother's side; pi. amaninakazi,
women.
u-Nina-kuIu, M. I. His or her grand-mother.
u-Nina-Iume, n. I. His or her maternal
uncle.
u-Nina-ntloni, «. l. The mother-in-law of
the wife.
um-Ninawa, and um-Ninawe, n. I. A
younger brother.
um-Ninawana, n. l. A younger brother
not yet grown into manhood.
u-Nina-zala, n. l. The mother-in-law: w^5?-
fazi, of the wife ; wesidoda, of the husband.
uku-Nina, v. t. To object to, dislike, a person.
Ninga, I. verb pref. 2 p. pi. (a) of Potent
mood: ninga^^/a, you may drink, (b) aux.
for forming the Condit. mood, see Ninge.
(c) Pres. tense of uku-Nga (a) and (b).
' 2. Neg. verb, prefix, (a) In dependent conj.
and rel. sentences: lumkani ukuba ninga-
kubeki ningawi, take care that you do not
stumble and fall; lilip'ina ilizwi eningaliqo-
ndiyo? which is the word that you do not
understand ?
(b) Of Cond. mood: ngeningadli, you
should not eat.
(c) Before ka, ko, or na, ninga becomes
ninge: bendiyazi lento ningekateti, I knew
this thing before you spoke; beningeko,
you were not present; nina ^ninge nama-
ndla, you who are not strong.
Ninge, I. Neg. verb, prefix, (a) of 2 p. pi.
of Potent, mood: ninge- (from aninge)
kweli, you may not ride.
2. aux. of Cond. mood: ninge- (ninga-),
or nge-nihlamba, you would or ought to
bathe or wash yourself.
izi-Ningwa, n. 4. pi. A hole made in the clay
on a river bank, used for smoking um-Ya.
Nini, pron. copula of 2 p. pi.: It is you. Causal:
sitandwe nini, we are loved by you.
Nini, adv. (Reduplicated form of ni, time).
Formerly, of old, in olden times, heretofore ;
ekute sekunini baqala ukubuya, it happened
at length, or after some time had already
passed, that they returned ; kwanini, kunge-
kabinini, already, soon; nanini, constantly
at any time or at all times, for ever; kuse-
nini ukubuva kwako uhunuiandi? from what
time did you enjoy happiness? uSo-nini
nanini, everlasting Father.
NI
um-Nini, n. ]. Owner, proprietor:
ndlu, or umniniyo, the owner of a house, or
of it; umnitiilo, ref. to 2 cl.: owner of it
(a horse) ; the last syllable referring to the
pronoun of the class to which the name of
the thing owned belongs; fem. um-Ninikazi,
contr. um-Nikazi (b).
um-Nini-mandla, n. I. The possessor of
power, hence the Almighty.
um-Nini-nto-zonke, n. I. God as the
owner, ruler. Lord of all creatures; the
Almighty.
um-Nini-mzi, n. I. The owner or head-
man of a native village. Mnini-mzi wetii
is contracted into mnumzetu, our host,
hence Sir, a term of respect.
um-Nini- wana, and um-Nini-wawo; =
um-Nini-mandla.
um-Nini, «. 6. Red ivory-wood.
Ninji, and Nintshi, Em. Many; = 7W«2/.
Ninzi, adj. Much, many, a great number:
inkomo ezininzi, many cattle; into eninzi
yamahashe, a great number of horses; dimin.
ninzana: abantu abaninzana, not very many
people.
Kaninzi, adv. Often, frequently: yenze
kaninzi, do it often.
isi-Ninzi, «. 4. The crowd, the multitude.
uNinzi, n. 5. The most, the majority; Em.
u- Ninji.
ubu-Ninzi, n. 7. Abundance, plenty,
um-Nis' imvula, see uku-Na.
Nja, adj. and adv. Like, etc. It is used in
connection with the interrogative nina, see
Nina, II. (h).
i-Nja, n. 3. A dog; see in-Ja.
ubu-Nja, n. 7. Rudeness.
um-Nja, n. 6. (a) A kind of bush black-wood
with small whorls round the stem, (b) Em.
Dysentery.
i-Njabavu, n. 3. A wild fierce-looking person,
reddish from anger; fig. brandy.
Njalo, adj. and adv. Such like, of that kind,
so, in like manner : kunjalo, it is thus or so ;
kunjalo-nje-ke, being thus ; as it is so ; andi-
bonanga abantu abanjalo, I have not seen such
people, i.e. of that or the like kind; njenge-
tnvula liya kuba fijalo ilizwi lam, as the rain,
so shall my word be; vjengoyise abantwana
bavjalo, as the father, so are the children;
yenza njalo, do thus, in like manner, in the
same way, likewise, again: bahlala bavjalo-
na-ke? did they remain so, i.e. in that state?
wenje njalo, he did so, (as he was ordered) ;
uyasebenza vjalo, he works on continually;
njalonjalo, (after a number of things enu-
NJ
merated) and such like, and so on, ei cetera.
Kanjalo and Kananjalo, in such a way,
likewise.
Ngokunjalo, in the same way.
Ngokukwanjalo, even so, likewise; ngoku-
kwanjalo nani yithii, even so say ye also.
Njani? Shortened from nja-nina? see Nina,
II. (h).
ubu-Njani, n. 7. The state or condition in
which a thing is : akakabi nahunjani, there is
no difference in his condition, he is just as
he was.
i-Njanjalara. n. 3. A strong brave man, or
hero.
-nje, adv. terminational. So, thus;
(e) denoting numbers, "so much or
many " : inkomo zam zi-vje, I have so many
cattle, indicating the number on the fingers.
(b) Marking emphasis, "seeing that":
nilidela ilizwi kangaka-nje, since you despise
the word so much; ungoyiki ndiko-vje, do
not fear, seeing that I am here, i.e. for I
am here; ndimana ukuniyala ningeva-nje, I
am constantly reproving you, and yet you
will not hear; wema-nje, he stood thus, he
just stood; kwanje, just so.
(c) expressing contempt: bangabantu-vje,
they are just common, ordinary people;
ungmnntu-vje-na? are you just a common
man? uteia-nje, you just talk; nje-kodwa,
without reason, merely, simply, =:Du. zoo
maar.
(d) denoting time, " when " : bati bemvile-
nje ukumkani, bemka, having heard thus, i.e.
when they had heard the king, they depart-
ed; ndibudla-iije iibom, during my life-time;
kwabuHJe, instantly : umtsha-nje being young,
or as you are young; kaloku-nje, ngoku-nje,
just now, at the present time ; yenza kaloku-
nje, do it at once, immediately, now at this
very time; namhla-tije, this very day; ndi-
hleli-nje, (in oaths) as I live! ndinge nako vje
ukuteta, since I cannot speak.
i-N|ece, n. 3. Idle gossip; see in-Jece.
Njenga, prep. As, like, according to: yibani
vjengam, kuba nam ndinjcngani, be as I am,
for I am as ye are ; njengelanga, like the sun.
The vowel a coalesces with the article like
the poss. particles.
i-Njengele, n. 3, A hero;- in- Jengelc.
ubu-Njengele, n. 7. Heroism, bravery,
fury, rage.
Njangoko, conj. According as; see Oko (b).
Njengokuba, conj. Seeing that; see uku-B&,
I. B.
Njengokungati, conj. Just as if; see ukii-T'i.
NJ
i-Njljivane, n. 3. A tall tree without big
branches ; a tall person.
i-Njikijane, n. s. = in-Jikijane.
uku-Njila, v. t. To apprehend, lay hold on,
seize in order to bring to trial or punishment.
i-Njiiatya, n. 3. =in-Jilatya.
i-Njimbilili, n. 2>. - in-Jimbilili.
ubu-Njimbilili, //. 7. Commotion, disturb-
ance, confusion.
i-Njinana, n. l. = in-Jinana.
i-Njinga, n. i. = in-Jinga.
i-Njoje, n. l. = in-Joje.
i-Njokwe, n. l. = in-Jokwe.
i-Njombe, «. l. = in-Joinbe.
i-N|ongolo, n. i. = inJongolo.
i-Njovane, n. 3. = in-Javane.
ubu Njubaqa, n. 7. A state of stubbornness.
i-Njuze, n. S. = in-Juze.
ukuti-Njwi, V. i. To whistle.
Nka, adv. Ilanga libalele nkd, it is dead hot,
with no breeze whatever, but excessive
smothering heat.
ukuti-Nka, v. i. To be struck with fear ;^ to
be terrified, perplexed, alarmed, disappoint-
ed about what has been done or has
happened.
i-Nkabankaba, «. 3. A long thing suspend-
ded, hanging down.
u-Nkabi, n. I. lit. 'an ox of a person'. A
strongman, an important personage; fern.
unkabikazi.
i-Nkah!ela, n. 3.~inKahlela.
i-Nkahlukazi, «. l. = in-Kahlukazi.
i-Nkakayezi, n. 3. = in-Kakayezi.
i-Nkakazana, «. 3. A little girl, damsel.
i-Nkala, n. 3. A crab; see u-Nonkala.
ukuti-Nkale and uku-Nkala, v. t. To throw
stones on a person; to beat one when
fallen with sticks, or pound him with stones.
i-Nkalakalila, n. 3. The roof of the mouth.
i-Nkamamasane, n. 3. Euphorbia pugni-
formis Boiss.
isi Nkamamunge, n. 3. An orphan, very
destitute and forsaken.
i-Nkamela, n. 3. A red species of snake.
i-Nkamolula, n. 3. A long thing.
i-Nkanga, n. 3. The Kafir ragwort; see
in-Kanga.
i-N kangala, w. 3. A wilderness ; — in-Kangala.
u-Nkangana, n. I. One who is deserted,
friendless: ndingunkangana, I have no
friends ; M5//«j«'' enkangana, he is left without
a friend.
i Nkani, it. 3. A contentious, quarrelsome
disposition; selfwill, stubbornness, obsti-
nacy, caprice : unenkani, he is a contentious.
NK
selfwilled person who raises strife and dis-
pute; Tidenza inkani, I persistently made
objections; wayetiza ngenkani, he did it from
stubbornness; lento ayinakzvenzelwa nkani,
this cannot be contradicted, adv. ngenkani,
stubbornly.
ubu-Nkani, n. 7. Stubbornness, conten-
tiousness, quarrelsomeness.
uku-Nkaniza, v. t. To oppose, object ; to
be obstinate.
u-Nkanizashe, «. i. A stiff-necked,
stubborn, rebellious fellow.
i-Nkankane, n. 3. The front bone of a
beast's skull ; = tn-Kankane.
ama-Nkankanka, «. 2. pi. Sound of people
striking each other with knobkerries.
i-Nkankatela, ?/. 3. That which is enor-
mous.
i-Nkankulu, w. 3. A great difficulty ; = r«-
Kafiktilu.
uku-Nkantaza, v. i. To speak through the
nose, or with closed nose.
i-Nkantsi, w. 3. Cramp; see in-KantsL
i-Nkantsu, «. s. = in-Katitsu.
i-Nkanya, n. 3. Walking slowly; see
in-Kanya.
i-Nkanyamba, and i-Nkanyavu, see under
in-Kanya.
i-Nkasankasa, «. 3. Slow movement; see
under uku-Kasa.
ukuti-Nkatu and uku-Nkata, v. i. To take a
handful.
i-Nkatshu, n. 3. Dishonesty, falsehood.
i-Nkatshunkatshu, n. 3. Inferior tobacco
leaves used for adulterating; see in-
Katshunkatshu.
i-Nkau, n. 3. The Vervet monkey; see
m-Kaii.
i-Nkayoyo, n. 3. Hunger.
i-Nkazana, n. 3. plur. amankazana. The
name applied to a woman at her father's
place : inkazana ka-Nantsi, So-and-so's daugh-
ter; see um-Fazi. Inkazana is used in a
good or a bad sense, as shewn by the con-
nection; in a bad sense it means a female
who has lost her virginity. Dimin. inkaza-
nyana.
isi-Nkazana, n. 4. (a) Feminity, (b)
Euphem. for the female private parts.
ubu-Nkazana, n. 7. Womanhood.
ukuti-Nkebe, v. i. To haye the mouth open
and the tongue hanging out from fatigue.
i-Nkebenge, n. 3. A destit ite person.
ubu-Nkedaitia, n. 7. Orphanhood; see
under uku-Kedama.
i-Nkelenkele, n. 3. A thing cleared out
see under uku-Keia.
KK 273
NK
i-Nkemfu, n. i. = in-Kemfu.
isi-Nkempe, n. 4. A short assegai for
stabbing; used also for cutting meat.
i-Nkenenkene, n. 3. A child who is always
crying, so called from the peculiar noise
it makes; one who weeps readily or with-
out any reason ; fig. a watery sky.
uku-Nkeneza, v. i. To cry constantly,
repeatedly.
i-Nkenkebe, n. 3. A clever person ; see //<-
Kenkehe.
ukuti-NKENTE, v. i. To utter a sudden
shriek or noise.
i-Nkentenkente, n. 2. A little bell, a
jingle; cf. i-Kencekence.
ama-Nkentenkente, n. 2. pi. \ r r
ubu-Nkentenkente, n. 7. j contin-
uous, indistinct sounds coming from a
distance.
uku-Nkenteza, v. i. To tinkle, jingle, .
sound, ring (little bells) ; to make an in-
distinct sound; to echo; to sound at a
distance, as the voice of a person speak-
ing loudly but indistinctly; to talk vehe-
mently and rapidly.
i-Nkenteza, n. 2. A little bell.
isi-Nkentezo, n. 4. A strange cry or
jingling (of distant music or of one
calling for aid) which compels attention :
tsinkentezo savakata ngapa, the sound
came from this quarter.
u-Nkentezo, n. 5. An echo.
uku-Nkentenkenteza, v. To jabber,
chatter.
i Nkentenkenteza, n. 2. A jabberer,
chatterer; a random speaker.
i-Nketyemba, n. 3. That which is very
hungry.
i-Nkewu, n. 3. A term of reproach signify-
ing an ill-disposed person; one who is sus-
pected of bewitching; a rascal. (It is
sometimes used in the sense of the English
fellow: lenkewu inobiilumko, this is a cun-
ning fellow.)
ubu Nkewu, n. 7. Rascality.
i-Nkibitsholo, n. 3.
Kibitsholo.
i-Nkinga, n. 3.
one ; a puzzle.
i-Nkinge, n. 3.
in-Kinge.
uku-NKlNKlSHA, V. t. To pour coffee or tea
into cups; from Du. inschenken.
um-NKlNKlSHi, n. I. One who pours out
tea or coffee,
uku Nkinkishela, v. To pour out tea or
coffee for.
A big person, etc ; = in-
Something which perplexes
A musical instrument; see
NK
uku-Nkinqa, v, t. To buy victuals in a shop.
i-Nkinqa, n. 3. A small quantity ot
victuals bought in a shop, or given to one
in time of dearth.
i Nkinqane, n. 3. That which is hard or
stiff; see in Kivqnnc.
i-Nkinqila, n. 3. Catching of the breath;
hiccough.
ukuti-Nklnti, v. t. To kill with a stick.
i-NkJntsela, n. ^.=in-KiniseIa.
i-Nkita, and i-Nkitankita, «. 3. A great
number of men, cattle, etc.; fig. uieta inkita,
he talks much that is useless.
i Nkttinkiti, n. 3. Beads.
ukuti-Nko, V. t. To seize and hold fast with
the teeth; to keep to.
i-Nkobe, n. 3. pi. Kafir-corn or maize
boiled whole, i.e. without being previously
stamped.
i-Nkobalokonde, m. 3. An insatiable per-
son ; = iri-Kobolokoiide.
i-Nkobongiyane, «. 3. A railway siding.
i-Nkobonkobo, n. 3. Anything long; a tall,
wiry man; a long nozzle on a horse; a long
nose on a European ; the long beak of the
urn- Kolwane ; used also in a bad sense for
swearing.
uku-Nkoboza, v. i. To run fast, as a dog
after game, till it is tired.
i-Nkol6, n. 'i. = in-KoI6.
i-Nkololwane, ;/. ^.-in-Kololwane.
uku-NkoIonkoloza, To turn the eye in the
socket, etc. ; see uku-Nkonkoloza.
i-Nkolontyo, w. l.=^vi-Kolontyo.
i-Nkolovane, /;. l. = in-Kolovane.
i-Nkoinana, n. 3. Dimin. of i-Nkotno.
i-Nkomankoma, «. i.^-in-Komankotna.
i-Nkomba, «. 3. = z«-/^ow/W.
i-Nkomb6zembe, «. l. = in-Komhdzembe.
i-Nkomfo, n. 3. Em. A kind of rush with
5'eilow ^oviQr%; = i-Ncalu!:a.
i-Nkomo, w. 3. A cow; plur. cattle; rw^tf/w
yesilninu, the cows which belong to the
inqakive. Phr. Hayi, iukomo! Oh what a
number of Ww///-cattle 1 as one would say
on looking at a large family of girls.
Dimin. iukomana, small (not young)
cattle; i-Nkonyaaa (q. v.), a calf.
u-Nkomo, «. I. (a) lit. 'beast'. A term of
reproach applied to a man. A strong
man ; = u-Nkabi.
(b) A large round sweet, so called by
children.
ubu-Nkomo, n. 7. Brutishness.
NK
i-Nkomonkomo, n. 3. A medicinal fern,
used for worms in the intestines ; = /«-/iro-
mankoma.
u-Nkompemate, n. l. The middle finger.
i-Nkonazana, n. 2. dimin. of i-Nkone. A
cow with a white stripe along the spine;
fig. chance, fortune, luck, profit, advantage :
ndawadla ainankonazana or ndalidla elinkona-
zana, I had luck which I did not expect,
which I am not worthy of.
i-Nkonde, n. l. = in-Kondc.
i-Nkondlo, «. i. = in-Kondlo.
i-Nkone, «. 3. An animal with a white
stripe along the spine : inkabi enkone, a white-
backed ox; anything of different colours
or bespattered; fem. inkonekazi: inkonekazi
ebomvu, a red cow with a white stripe
along the spine; inkonekazi emnyama, a
black cow with a white stripe along the
spine.
i-Nkongo, n. 3. Re-inforcement. This
name was applied by the chief Mhlontlo to
his additional forces that were held in re-
serve in time of war. See also in-Kongo.
i-Nkongolo, «. 3. Anything ugly, as an
oblong face; a baboon; that which looks
hollow, as an old horse.
ubu-NkongoIo, «. 7. Ugliness.
uku-Nkongolisa, v. To make a (baboon's)
face at a person : mus' uhmkongolisa apa,
don't make faces here.
i-Nkonjane, «. 3. A swallow; see in-Konja-
ne. — ■
u-Nkonka, ;/. I. (a) An old male bush-buck;
— u-Ngece; inkabi ngunkonka. the ox is very
old. (b) A kind of bird.
uku-Nkonkela, v. t. Em. To tie very fast;
fig. to catch one in his speech.
uku-Nkonkoloza, v. i. To turn the eye
about in the socket, so as to let the whole
eye be seen; to look anxiously about in
case of danger, or distress, as when one is
overlooked and gets no food, or when he
cannot perform what he boasted of; to
look slyly as if ashamed, or intending
some evil; to be dejected, faint-hearted,
discouraged, low-spirited; to feel lonely,
deserted, abandoned.
Nkonkowane, adj. (a) Very cold, (b) Dry
(of maize).
uku-Nkonkoza, v. i. To ooze, stream,
trickle, or flow, as marrow from a bone
when it is knocked against something.
i-Nkononkono, n. 3. Something long of its
kind, such as a long mealie-cob or a long
face; a dirty, filthy person.
274
Nk
i-Nkonqa, n. 3. A short-faced person with
a projecting forehead.
uku-Nkontela, v. i. To stick to: unkontcla
kwelozwi, he sticks to that word.
uku-Nkontsha, v. t. To put on the ii-Nko-
ntsho.
u-Nkontsho, 1. 5. A woman's head-dress,
a mitre.
i-Nkontsoba, n. 3. That which is difficult
or impossible.
i-Nkontsonkontso, n. 3. Trickery, cheat-
ery, misleading speech.
uku-Nkontya, v. t. To divide milk into
portions.
i-Nkontyiba, n. 3. A hiding-place among
rocks and stones.
i-Nkontyo, n. 3. A pit; see in-Kontyo.
i-Nkonyana, n. 3. dimin. of i-Nkomo. plur.
amankonyana. (a) A new-born calf. (The
meaning is extended to include a foal and
the young of some other large animals.)
Fem. inkonyanakazi. (b) The humps of
flesh on the upper part of the arm; the
biceps muscle, adj. Strong, muscular.
i-Nkotyeni, «. i. = in-Kotyeni.
i-Nkoyi-yanko, n. 3. Great shouting;
pleasure, joy, merriment.
ukuti-Nku, V. t. To strike: watt-nku kum,
he struck at me.
i-Nkubele, n. 3. One who is helpless; see
in-Kubele.
i-Nkubiso, n. 3. Hiccough.
uku-Nkula, v. t. To cudgel, strike with a
stick; to beat unmercifully one lying on the
ground.
i-NkuIati, n. 3. A strong, fearless man.
i-Nkuluko, n. 3. A species of white bead.
ukuti-NKUM, v. i. Of a dry, brittle sub-
stance, to crumble in pieces.
i-Nkumnkum, n. 3. Anything of a brittle
or friable nature, such as shale.
adj. Brittle, fragile.
ukuti-Nkumenkume, v. t. To break into
fragments.
i-Nkumenkume, n. 5. = i-Nkumnkutn.
uku-Nkumankumeka, v. To be brittle,
crumbling.
i-Nkumba, 71. 3. A snail.
i-Nkumbankwane, n. 3. A great number.
i-Nkumbi, n. 3. A locust, v
i-Nkumbulakashe, n. 3. Em. A great
number.
i-Nkume and i-Nkumi, n. 3. A centipede.
i-Nkumenkume, see under ukuiiNkum.
i-Nkumnya, n. 3. That which is toothless.
ubu-Nkungu.Tribal for uhu-Kungu.
NK
ubu-Nkuni, n. 7. Hardness.
i-Nkunkuma, n, 3. Sweepings, rubbish.
Nkunkutela, adj. Omnipotent.
i-Nkunqe, n, 3. The remains of food on
a person's teeth after a meal.
i-Nkunqele, n, 3. An expert, especially in
speaking, adj. Energetic, skilful, able,
clever, dexterous, eager for something.
ubu-Nkunqele, n. 7. Experience, skill:
enohunkunqele ekwemeni luisekuteieni, being
mighty in deed and word.
uku-Nkuntsa, v. i. To be in doubt, undeci-
ded, irresolute.
uku-Nkuntuza, v. i. To grumble, murmur
secretly; not to believe what another says.
i-Nkunzi, n. 3. A bull; see in-Kunzi.
ubu-Nkunzi, «. 7. Bull-nature.
isi-Nkwa, «. 4. Bread ; = /5-C)«^(7.
ukuti-Nkwa, v. t. To contract, as flesh or
muscles; to contract the eyebrows in
making an angry wrinkled face: ule-nkwa
ubiiso, he was dejected, depressed, low-
spirited. V. i. To get stiff from cold, hunger,
spasms ; to sleep a little; to throw food into
the mouth.
isa-Nkwankwa, n. 4. A lame, stiff,
doubled-up person: ndamenza isankwa-
nkwa, I overpowered him. '
ukuti-Nkwabalala, v. i. To be astonished,
amazed.
uku-Nkwalambisa, v. t. To make a sham of
a thing ; to impose, cheat, to be a hypocrite.
■ Nkwalambesa, n. 3- ] Imposition,
u-Nkwalambiso, n. 5.]
hypocrisy.
bu-Nkwalambesi, adv. Hypocritically:
wazihiza ngomoni bufikwalambesi, he called
himself a sinner hypocritically.
i-Nkwali, «• 2. The outer edge of the hand,
etc; see in-Kwali.
i-Nkwalutete, n. 3. Stiffness of limbs.
ukuti-Nkwam, v. t. To gobble up.
uku-Nkwamla, v. To swallow at once.
i-Nkwamba, n. 3 = in-Kwamba.
i-Nkwanca, h. 3. Remainder, etc.; see in-
Kwanca.
i Nkwandlankwandlana, n. 3. A kind of
plant.
i-Nkwane, n. 2. A scaly skin, etc.; see
in-Kwane.
isa-Nkwankwa, see under ukutl-Nkwa.
uku-Nkwantya, v. i. To be terrified; to
shake from fear.
u-Nkwantyo, m. 5- Fear, terror.
uku-Nkwantyisa, v. To terrify.
NK
u Nkwantylso, «. 5. Fear ^active, making
afraid).
i-Nkwashu, n. 3. Numbness; cramp.
uku-Nkwata, v. i. Not to feel safe, as one
who is guilty.
i-Nkwazi, «. 2. Contempt, disregard.
ukutl-Nkwe, v. t. To taste, eat.
i-Nkwembezi, h. 3. Fatty matter on water.
i-NkwenkwezJ, n. 3. A sta.r ; = in-Kwenkwezi.
i-Nkwili, «. Z = w Kwili.
uku-NkwIniza, v. i. To moan, whine; to
squeak as a pig.
— Nkwiiiizela, 7'. To whine for.
i-NkwInqila, ?/. 3. Hiccough ; = /-M'/«(7//rt.
u-Nkwintshana, n. 5. A fearing, restless,
bad conscience: vdiva uuhvintshana, my
conscience troubles me. (Sometimes used
in reference to a good conscience also.)
i-Nkwlntshl, «. i.-iii-Kzvints'ii.
isa-Nkwintya, //. 4. Hunger, starvation:
utiesankwintya, he is starving.
No, pron. siihj. 2. p. pi. of condit. future:
nobuya, ye shall return.
u-NO, contraction for iinina wo-, 'the mother
of: lino-Maria = imiim wo-Maria, the mother
of Maria and her sisters (cf. udadebo-Nantsi).
A prefix of cl. I, of extremely wide use.
It is the female personifying prefix, as xi-So
( = iiyise wo) is the male personifying prefix,
and means 'the female who is associated
with, or has the quality of, the thing men-
tioned.' It is prefixed to the pet-names (as
opposed to the school-nam.es) of most girls,
e.g. ti-Nopesi, so named from her having
been born under a peach-tree; u-Nokcpu,
born on a day on which snow was seen at
Pirie. It is also invariably employed as the
prefix of the new name given to a bride on
reaching her husband's kraal, e.g. ti-Noeight,
for whom eight Mo/^z-cattle were given;
u-Nofashion, whose parents made their own
'fashion' instead of following the recog-
nised marriage customs; u-Nobantu, mother
of the people, i.e. beloved.
As may be inferred from the above
illustrations, it may be prefixed to almost
any word to form a personified noun, and,
curiously enough, the noun so formed may
sometimes have a masculine signification,
e.g. u-Nobala, mother of writing, i.e. a
clerk ; u-Nobula, mother of scab, i.e. a scab-
inspector. A selection of such words is
given here ; cf. u-So and ti-Ma.
u-Nobdla, n. I. from uku-Bala. A writer,
clerk, secretary.
276
NO
u-Nobamblso, n. l. from uhi-Bambtsa. A
nom-de-plume; the personal pronoun in
grammar.
u-INobaiii, n. I. from u-Bani. So-and so,
referring to a woman; a way of address-
ing a married woman instead of calling
her by her name.
u-Nobecuza, w. l. A kind of bird.
u-Nobentsubentsu, n. i. from uku-
Beiitsuza. Restlessness, fidgeting.
u-Noblya, w. I.^^u-B'iya. The ringhals
snake.
u-Nobofo, ?/. I. A kind of butterfly.
u-Nobula, ;/. I. from i-Bula. A scab-
inspector.
u-Nobut6ngwana, ti. l. from ubu-Tongo.
A dwarf-plant with yellow flowers, whose
leaves and flowers close at sunset.
u-Nocanda, «. l. from uku-Canda. A land-
surveyor.
u-Nocand'ltambd, «. l. lit. the bone-
splitter. Schmidelia decipiens Am., a
tree with hard, close-grained wood.
u-Nocebeyi, w. l. The Donder-padde or
Jan Bloem, a little frog that lives in the
ground and is euphemistically spoken of
as in-Kosazana (which see).
u-Nocel'izapdlo, n. I. lit. asking for the
leavings of milk in the cow's udder.
Venus as an evening star, shining at
milking-time; cf. i-Kwezi.
u-Nocupe, ti. I. from uku-Cupa. A portion
broken off the tip of a mealie-cob.
u Nocweba, w. l. from uku-Cweba. A girls'
game, played with a flat stone, or igum,
in a series of 'beds' drawn out on the
ground. The game is analogous to that
known in Scotland as 'peevers.'
u-Nocweteza, n. I. from uku-Cweteza. A
typist.
u-Nodabadekile, ?/. l. A kind of bird.
kwa-Nodekeshe, «. I. loc. Used in the
phrase : kude kwanodekeshe, you will have
to run far before you can escape me.
u-Nodlnda, 7;. l. from uku-Dinda. A re-
served person ; one whose mind is deep,
cannot be fathomed.
u-Nodiv^•u, «. l. A game of children,
played with a piece of plank tied to a
string.
u-Nodlob6yl, n. l . - ti-A^omawane.
u-Nodlola, 77. I. A kind of bird, possibly
the Familiar Chat, Phoenicurus familiaris
(Steph.J.
u-Nodongwe, n. l. A Kafir song sung by
girls.
NO
u-NODYIFOLO, w. I. from Du. juffrouw. A
missionary's wife.
u-Nodyuwe, n. l. A girl who is just reach-
ing the age of puberty ; fig. a small bottle
of brandy. Dimin. uiiodyuwaria, a small
bottle.
u-Nogoqo, n. I. A kind of bird.
u-Nogqala, n. l. from ukid'i-Gqa-gqa. A
Hottentot, from having his hair in scat-
tered tufts.
u-Nogqaza, n. l.-i-Gqazn. Gunning's
Little Pinc-pinc grass-warbler.
u-Nogqeku, n. I. A song sung at the
intlomhe.
u-Nogumbe, n. I. from uku-Gumha. A
flood which caused great landslips in the
time of Nxele; also the great floods of
1856 and 1874. The name is also used for
Noah's flood.
u-Nogwidi, 71. I. A kind of bird.
u-Nolia, n. I. A kind of shrub.
u-Nojokwe. n. l. A soldier.
u-Nojubalala, n. I. from iiku-Juba. A tad-
pole.
u-Nokangela, n. l. from uku-Kangela. An
onlooker.
u-Nokence, n. l. from utn-Kence. Shell of
the mother-of-pearl.
u-Nokwinye, 7t, l. One who leaves behind
him an unpaid debt or an unatoned-for
guilt; a dissembler.
u-Nomademfu, n. I. = i-Demfu. The lar-
gest species of South African frog, Rana
adspersa Bibr.
u-Nomadoi'amade, ?/. i. lit. Long knees.
A kind of dock.
u-Nomadudwane, «. l. from ithi Duda.
A scorpion.
u-Nomafut4na, n. I. from ulm-Futa. Used
in phrase: ivenza unomafutana, he stirred
up, roused, incited, provoked strife.
u-Nomagidiva, n. l. from i-Gidiva. A
German block-wagon, whose wheels are
made of one block of wood.
u-NomagoIi, «. l. The Cape sparrow ; =
u-Ndlu-ftkiilu.
u-Nomagxa, m. I. = u-Magxa. A gin-bottle.
u-Nomakwezana, n. I. The South African
sea-eagle, Haliastus vocifer (Daud.).
u-Nomanxele, u-Nomanxelana, and u-
Nomanxedlana, n. i. A species of
wasp, Polistes marginalis Fab., which
builds a flat paper nest under the shelter
of a bank, and which is reputed by the
Kafirs to be very vicious.
u-Nomanxilana, w. I. lit. the little
drunkard. Generic name for the ant-lion,
so called from its unsteady flight.
277
NO
u-Nomaiiyamanyama, h. I. A hobgoblin
with a frowning countenance who de-
vours naughty children, and whose name
is used for the purpose of frightening
children. Fig. a magic lantern.
u-Nomanyuku, ». l. The Green-backed
bush-warbler, Camaroptera brachyura
(Vieill.) The name seems to be an
attempt to imitate the call.
u-Nomaswana, 71. I. from ama-Si. The
Lesser puffback shrike, Dryoscopus cubla
fS/uiwj, so called from its fluffy snow-
white rump-feathers.
u-Nomatambd, h. I. The hadada or
gree .1 ibis ; = i-Nana7ie.
u-Nomatambezantsi, w. i. lit. bones
underneath. A worm-like lizard, with
almost obsolete limbs.
u-Nomatse, ;/. l. = ili-Tse. A species of
mungoose.
u-Nomawane, n. I. Aloe zeyheri, a plant
which is used as medicine by the natives
before they eat anthrax meat, to counter-
act the poisonous eff"ects of the meat.
u-Nomazakuzaku, w. 1. The man who
precedes the bride in going out of the hut
and regulates all the proceedings of the
wedding; the master of ceremonies; fig.
a chairman.
u-Nombakuse, w. i. The large oblong,
spotted watermelon.
u-NOMENTESHE, w. I. from Du. meten with
the Kafir verbal suffi.x-isJia. A tin mug ;
a small vessel holding a pint.
u-Nomeva, 71. l. lit. thorns. The generic
name applied to wasps.
u-Nomfazi, «. l. from U7n-Fazi. A
mother-in-law.
u-Nomfiyo, n. I. A small, red amaryllis.
u-Nomfulwana, n. I. A gecko.
u-Nomf unomfu, h. I. A spare, thin per-
son.
u-Nomfutwana, «. i. from ziku-Futa.
The night-adder, Causus rhombeatus, so
called from its puffing sound.
u-Nomgcana, «. l. A muid sack; a middle-
aged married man.
u-Nomgogwana, ?z. l. (a) A person who
makes children afraid by painting his
face or by putting on a mask, (b) A
dangerous hollow place.
u-Nomnkonko, ;/. l. The single head of
cattle which a father gives to his married
daughter when visiting her place; = i-
Kapii.
Nd
u-Nomntan'ofayo, «. I. lit. sick child.
Hartlaub's cuckoo-shrike, Campephaga
hartlaubi (Salvad.), so called from its
plaintive song of three notes likened to
ofayo; see uku-Bikeka under ukti-Bika.
u-NomoIwana, «. I. Pelargonium alche-
milloides W., used for wounds and sores.
u Nomopelana, «. I. A kind of bird.
u-Nomoyi, n. I. The eggs of the head-
louse ; also of the bot-fly.
u-Nompondwana, h. i. Brass button of
a conical shape. This was also the
name by which the chief Maqoma was
known by his people.
u-Nomtatsi, «. l. A parody.
u-Nomyayi, «. I. The African rook,
Heterocorax capensis flJchf.), a great
troubler in the mealie gardens; lentaka
unomyayi ngeyiba ikala kamnandi, koko ine-
sidliiiiga etnqalein, the rook would be a
beautiful singer if he were only doctored
in his throat.
Phr. uiiomtl ka-noinyayi or uneycza lika-
nomyayi, he has the rook's medicine, i.e.
he is exceedingly smart at escaping out
of difficulties. (When one of the young
is tied into the nest, it is alleged that the
rook searches for a certain tree in the
forest and, returning with a piece of it,
casts it on the snare, with the result that
the string is unloosed and the young bird
set free.)
u Nomzanga, n. I. A song of old people
at the iimtshilo.
u-Nonantsi, n. l. The woman So-and so.
u-Nonca, w. l. A root dug in time of
hunger ; unonca zidnli, a detective.
u-Nondala, n. I. A Bushman.
u-Nonday!za, n. I. The sixth finger,
counting from the little finger of the left
hand, i.e. the thumb of the right hand.
u-Nondletyana, n. i. lit. little ear. A
person or animal with only one ear.
u-Nondlwane, n. I. lit. little house. The
Cape sparrow, Passer melanurus (St Mull.),
so called from its large nest ; cf. ti-Ndlu-
tikulu.
u-Nondyebo, «. I. from in-Dyebo. A
treasurer.
u-Nondyola, «. i. (a) The White-flanked
Flycatcher, Batis molitor (Hahn and Kiist).
(b) An ornament made of beads.
u-Nongadlela, w. l. A breechloader gun.
u-Nongendi, n. l. lit. unmarrying. A nun.
u-Nongeshana, «. l. A grizzly dappled
bead.
Nd
u-Nongqovu, n. I. An old boy.
u-Nongqutu, n. I. A kind of plant.
u-Nongululwane, n. I. The platana,
Xenopus laevis (Baud.), a kind of frog.
The name is also given to the eel.
u-Nongungu, n. I. A kind of bird.
u-Nongwevana, «. I. lit. grey. The Black-
shouldered kite, Elanus caeruleus (Desf.),
so called from its grey plumage.
u-Nonibe, «. i. A volunteer, a govern-
ment officer.
u-Nonkahlela, n. I. from uku-Kahlela.
Beer, intoxicating drink.
u-Nonkala, «. i. A crab.
Phr. jvalsho ngononkala, he made crabs,
i.e. he scamped his work; ngati bekuhamba
unonkala, lit. it seems a crab has been
walking here, applied to bad writing;
duda nonkala, uxam uyatshata, dance, crab,
the iguana is being married (a Kafir song) ;
iimdudo wononkala, the crabs' dance, i.e.
much ado about nothing.
u-Nonkangala, w. I. A kind of toad.
u-Nonkenteza, n. I. from nku-Nkenteza.
An incessant, rapid, and vehement
speaker.
u-Nonongqutu, n. l. = u-Nongqutu.
u-Nonqane, «. l. The Little Pinc-pinc
Grass-warbler, Hemipteryx minuta Gun-
ning, so called from the cry qa which it
utters as it flies over the veld. This tiny
bird has a firm hold of the native mind
and figures in a song whose words vary
in different localities: ndikap^, nonqane,
ndiye kwdipezulu, ndiye kufuna itidoda
entliziyo 'nye, lead me, nonqane, to the
higher country to seek the man of single
heart.
u-Nonqayl, n. i. lit. bald head. The Red-
knobbed coot, Fulica cristata Gm., so
called in reference to the shield on its
forehead.
u-Nonqayi, «. l. lit. clay pot. A Frontier
Policeman, who wore a leathern helmet
resembling a clay pot.
u-Noiixwe, n. I. The Quail finch, Orty-
gospiza polyzona (TemmJ, so called
from its cry nxwe, one of the first cries
heard at dawn.
u-Nonyada, w. l. A plant growing flat
on the ground ■, = tim-Funo.
u-Nonyingekile, n. I. from uku-Nyingeka.
One with a narrow waist.
u-Nonyondla, «. i. from uku-Nyondla. A
common man who is afraid of groat men ;
278
a circumcised youth who if forbidden to
look at a female.
u-Nonyongwane, n. i. from i-Nyongo.
A bitter herb used for stomach-ache.
u-Nonzwi, n. I. A kind of bird.
u Noqand' ilanga, n. i. lit. the sun-chip-
per. The Red fronted Tinker-bird or
Anvil-bird, Barbatula pusilla (Dum.), so
called from its metallic-sounding song.
u-Noqandulana, n. l. = u-Nonqane.
u-Nofauzana, «. l. from tihi-Rauza. A
liar.
u-Notenga, n. I. from iiku-Tenga. A buyer
or owner of land.
u-Not^yi, n. I. The thumb, one of the
variant names given in the children's
jingle ; see u-Cikicanc.
u-Not5mba, n. l. from uku-Tmba. A
court-messenger.
u-Not6yi, ?J. I. The Cape Penduline Tit,
Anthoscopus minutus (Shaw and Nod. J.
The name is also given to the European
Willow-wren, Phylloscopus trochilus (LJ,
an abundant visitor to South Africa
during the southern summer.
u-Notshe, «. I. Something done or
attempted in vain: ngunotshe, it is in
vain; never.
u-Notswitswitswi, w. l. A kind of bird.
u-Notyali osezantsi, and u-Notyali
opezulu, n. I. Rooms or 'beds' in the
girls' game ti-Notwayisi.
u-NOTWAYISI, n. I. from Eng. twice. A
girls' gam.e ; = u-Nocweba.
u-Nowambu, n. I. The Vv''attled starling,
Creatophora carunculatus (Gm).
u-Nowanga, n. I. The white stork.
o-Noxesha, n. I. pi. from i-Xesha. Second-
hand or cast-off clothes.
u-Noyi, n. I. A kind of bird.
u-Nozakuzaku, «. l.^ u-Nomazakuzaku.
u-Nozala, n. l. from tiku-Zala. lit. one who
has children. A parent, father; fem.
unozalakazi.
u-NozJbini, ?/. i. The second room or
' bed ' in the girls' game u-Notwayisi.
u-Nozikakana, «. l. from ikaka. A
certificate ot occupation.
u-Noziqaia, w. I. The first room or 'bed'
in the girls' game u-Noiwayisi.
u-Nozitshixwana, n. I. A turnkey.
um-Nobo, n. 6. Pedigree; cf. um-Nombd.
Nodwa, adj. 2 p. pi. You 3i\one; = Nedwa,
See Dwa.
Noko, Although, notwithstanding; see Oko.
NO
NokokubS, Nokubd, conj. And that, and if,
even if, rather than ; see uku-Bd I. B. ; and
that: niiyatiiyala ukuba niteti, tiokuba nenze
into enye, I exhort you, that ye speak and
that ye do the same thing ; ndabalela kuni,
okokiiba yalahleka, nokokuba yafunyanwa
inkomo yam, I wrote to you, that my cow
was lost and that it was found again;
nokuba...nokuba, whether .. .or.
uku-Nokoza, v. t. To scold, chide, rebuke.
Nokuze, conj. And that; see uku-Za.
um-Nombd, «. 6. The principal root of a
tree; the peduncle of leaves and fruits; fig.
pedigree, genealogy.
uku-NONA, V. i. HI. To be respected.
i-Nono, n. 2. A gentleman; fem. inonokazi.
isi-Noni, n. 4. A decent man of good
position, a gentleman; a rich illustrious
man of great consequence.
um-Nono, n. 6. Neatness, carefulness:
yetiza ngotnnono, do it carefully or deftly.
ubu-Nono, n. 7. Fatness, richness, re-
spectability.
uku-Nonela, v. To be familiar, intimate
with others; to enjoy their company:
andisamnoneli, I have no more pleasure
in him.
— Nonelela, v. To show respect, kind
regard for one by receiving him in a
friendly way and slaughtering for him.
u-Nonelelo, n. 5. Respect, regard.
isi-Nongonongo, n. 4. A great, haughty
man who dresses finely.
i-.Nongwe, n. 2. An edible root.
isi-NoRi, n. 4. See under ukii-Nona.
Nonke, adj. 2 p. pi. You all ; see Onke.
i-Nono, etc. See under uku-Nona.
um-Nonono, «. 6. (a) A round back, the
back of a chair.
(b) A tree, Roodebesje, Olinia cymosa
Thunb.
isi-Nonopu, «. 4. A rich, well-known man.
uku-Nonoza, v. i. To make faces, by
pulling down the upper lip.
— Nonozela, v. To make faces or
grimaces at.
Nonyaka, adv. The present year; see «-
Nyaka.
uku-Nota, V. i. To be comfortably seated.
uku-NOYlSHA, V. t. To invite; from S. A.
Du. nooien, for uitnodigen.
ili-Nqa, w. 2. The blesbok, Damaliscus
albifrons (Biirch.).
ukuti-NQA, V. i. To wonder; to be as-
tonished: bate-nqa, they were astonished;
279
NQ
watka bcnqa, he amazed them (the people).
i-Nqa, n. 3. A wonder, surprise.
ukuteka-Nqa, v. To be wonderful: lento
iteke-nqa, this thing is wonderful ; kuteke-
nqa ukiiba baiigambulalanga, it was a
wonder they did not kill him.
ukutdla-Nqa, v. To be astonished at:
bat^le-nqa uhifundisa kwake, they were
astonished at his teaching.
ukuti-Nqa, v. i. Amauzi ate-nqd apa, the
water reached here, (showing with the
hand how far it reached).
ukuti-Nqa, v. i. To fall.
i-NqSb5, //. 3. A suddpn first flow of milk
out of the milk sack.
uku-Nqaba, v. t. To gnaw bones,
um-Nqabi, h. I. A gnawer of bones.
uku-Nqaba, v. i. To become impracticable
from difficulties: indicia inqabile, the road
is impracticable; lonto inqabile, that thing
is impossible; to be fixed, firm, secure:
isikonkwane sinqabile, the nail is fast; tidi-
nqdbilc ebnbini, I am safe from misfortune;
to be immovable: unqdba ncnkamo yake, he
refuses to part with his cattle; to withhold:
akwanqdba iincedo hvako kiun, you did not
withhold your help from me; to be inac-
cessible, valuable beyond attainment, ex-
cept by arduous efforts or by making
sacrifices: lengubo inqabile, this dress is too
dear for me; to be very scarce: imvula
inqabile 7wnyaka-nje, rain is very scarce this
year.
i-Nqaba, w. 3. An impossibility, difficulti^
impracticability : yinqaba yokuba ndiyenze
lonto tigokwam, it is an impossibility for
me to accomplish this thing alone; fig.
inaccessibility, firmness; fastness, strong-
hold, fortification, tower, castle; loc.
enqabcni.
Nqabanqaba, adj. Austere, hard, harsh,
rough.
ama-Nqatanqaba, //. 2. pi. Difficulties.
ubu-Nqabanqaba, n. 7. Difficulty.
uku-Nqabela, v. To be impossible etc.,
for; to be beyond one's power: lailo indi-
nqabelc, this thing is too much for me.
i-Nqabelo, n. 3. Impossibility.
uku-Nqabisa, v. To render difficult,
impossible, impracticable ; to make fast,
impregnable; to fortifj^: baycyinqcdnsa
indicia, they make the road impassable;
banqabisa imizi, they made the village in-
accessible, i.e. they fortified it; umzi 11-
nqatyisiive, the place is fortified ; to make
dear, keep prices high: abcbotgu bayazi-
nqabisa izinto zabo, the white people keep
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high prices; fig. to make safe; to g.iard,
preserve: u-Tixo uyasinqdbisa engozini or
kwingozi, God keeps or guards us from
danger.
— Nqabisela, v. To make safe for or
against.
i-Nqabakazi, //. 3. A cow with a spotted
forehead.
um-Nqabaza, n. 6. Du. kruis-besje, Grewia
occidentalis L. The wood is used for as-
segai-shafts.
i-Nqabe, n. 3. (a) A brown ox with a white
forehead.
(b) Tlie Diamond sparrow, Petronia
superciliaris (H.B.), with reference to the
white band over the eye. Other small
birds with white eyebrows, such as the
Cape sparrow, may occasionally be called
by this name.
uku-Nqabula, v. t. To kiss.
ukuti-Nqadalala, v. i. To be astonished,
bewildered, perplexed: basuha bakuluva olo-
daba bafumana baii-ttqadalala, when they
heard that news, they were bewildered.
iiku-Nqagata, v. t. To interrupt one in his
speech.
uku Nqaka, v. t. To give food to children,
old people or helpless persons, who are not
able to take it by themselves.
ura-Nqaki, «. I. One who nourishes
others.
i- Nqaka, «. 3. The thick curd of calabash
milk; cheese.
i-Nqakala, ft. 3. One who is without a friend.
uku-Nqakaqa, v. i. To fall (from a horse) ;
to fall hard to the ground ; to be injured,
wasted for nothing.
— Nqakaqeka, x;. =ukuNqakaqa.
— Nqakaqisa, v. To fell one down.
um-NqakatI, n. 6. An uneven number. Phr.
oivesitatu ngnmnqckati, two's company,
three's none.
uku-Nqakida, u i. To be still alive (used with
uh-Oini).
i-Nqaku, n. 2. Little things; dimin. amanqa-
kivana, marks, signs, attributes, remarks.
ukuti-Nqakti, v. t. To stretch out one's hand
to catch a ball thrown by another.
uku-NqakuIa, v. = ukut'i-Nqaku.
— Nqakulela, v. To catch for another.
Phr. akiiko nipukane inqakulela enye, one
fly does not catch for another, (says the
industrious man to the idle) ; each must
work for himself.
— Nqakulisa, v. In the children's game
of iikupuca, to toss up a pebble and pick
up another pebble before^catching it.
NQ
i-Nqakwe, «. 3. Dowry given by parents to
a daughter going to her new home.
uku-Nqala, v. t. To cut rings into the bark of a
stick; to ring, i.e. mark, it; fig. to have an
old grudge or secret enmity against
another person.
i-Nqala, n. 3. A scratch ; sullenness, sulk-
iness, vindictiveness: u-Herodiya waba
nenqala kuye, Herodias set herself against
him.
uku-Nqalana, v. To bear secret enmity
against one another.
— Nqalela, v. To cut out a plan (for steal-
ing, etc.), for which act itiqala is now
used.
isi-Nqala, n 4. Sighing; heavy, hysterical
breathing; continual grief of mind,
heaviness of spirit.
uku-Nqalasha, v. t. To beg, ask alms.
— Nqalashana, v. Banqalashana naye, they
planned with him.
i-Nqale, «. 3. An open space round a house,
village or adjacent lands ; suburbs.
i-Nqalo, «. 3. A thong by which the rider is
secured from falling off a bullock when
training it.
i-Nqalu, n. 3. The striped field-mouse,
Arvicanthis pumilio (Sparr).
i-Nqaluka, n. 3. A pack-saddle.
u-Nqalukoko, «. i. A baker.
ukuti-Nqam, v. t. To cut off suddenly: basiti-
nqam izandla zetu, they cut off our hands
suddenly.
isi-Nqam, n. 4. A bit or part of a thing;
izinlo esenziwa izinqam, things done by
halves.
uku-Nqamka, v. To be cut off; to cease
from an action: umoya iinqamkile, the
wind abated ; unqatnkile ezonweni, he left
off sinning.
— Nqamkela, v.=^uku-Nqumkela.
— Nqatnla, v. t. (a) To cut off: yinqamle
intamboapa, cut off the thong here; fig. to
shorten, interrupt, break off, leave off a
discourse or narrative: nqamla ukuteta
kivako, cut short your discourse.
(b) To cross : sanqamla itafa, we cross-
ed the plain ; inyenibezi sinqatnla umbomho
wake, tears cross his nose.
— Nqamlana, v. To cross each other, as
two paths crossing each other.
— Nqamlela, v. To shorten.
— Nqamleza, v. To put across each other,
as sticks or poles; to place things across
a space diagonally: nqamleza ukubeka
inkuni, put the pieces of wood across ; to
NQ
take a short cut : masinqainleze apa, let us
take a short cut here, or, let us stretch
across here.
um-Nqamlezo, n. 6. Two pieces of wood
fixed across each other ; a cross.
uku-Nqamlezela, v. To cross at or about:
masinqamlezele apo, let us make a short
cut in that direction.
— Nqamlezisa, v. To lay across each
other : , zinqamlezise izibonda, place the
poles across each other.
i-Nqama, «. 3. The collar-bone.
uku-Nqama, v. t. To seize a knife to cut,
or a stick to beat.
i-Nqambi, «. 3. Anything which is cere-
monially unclean, or despised, or which
causes loathing; an animal unclean for food,
as a horse ; any animal or person separated
from others on account of uncleanness,
with special reference to a person who has
contracted syphilis.
ubu-Nqambi, n. 7. Uncleanness.
um-Nqambu, //. 6. A piece of tobacco.
uku-Nqambula, v. t. To move, shake (the
head) in refusal; to be displeased with.
um-Nqainbuio, n. 6. The lower jaw.
u-Nqameko and u-Nqamo, n. 5. Brow or
ledge of a mountain ; an overhanging
projection.
ukuti-Nqamfu, v. i. To be dirty; to have the
face only half washed.
uku-Nqamka, Nqamla, etc.. See under
ukuti-Nqam.
i-Nqampu, «. 3. A neck of land over a ridge
of mountains.
ukuti-Nqampu, v. i. To be conspicuous, to
appear.
i-Nqanaba, ti. 3. (a) A very steep step or
hill; fig. difficulty, standard, (b) = i-Nqanawa.
i-Nqanam, n. 2. A round chapiter.
um-Nqananqana, n. 6. One; pi. a few.
i-Nqanawa, n. 3. A ship.
isi-Nqanawa, «. 4. A fleet.
i-Nqancu, n. 3. A top like an um-Bongisa.
i-Nqanda, «. 3. A kind of i-Nongwe.
uku-Nqanda, v. t. To turn back a person or
animal from a path which it is pursuing; to
turn home : zinqande inkabi, nazo zimka, turn
the oxen back, there they are going away ;
hence, to warn another beforehand.
isi-Nqandabuya, «. 4. Stupidity.
isi-Nqand'amate, n. 4. A lover, (cf. ama-
Te).
uku-Nqandeka, v. To be prevented, stop-
ped, turned back.
281
NQ
— Nqandela, v. To turn back for, or in a
particular direction : zinqandele ekaya ezo-
nkomo. turn those beasts towards home,
— Nqandisa, v. To help or assist to turn
back.
um-Nqandane, n. 6. A kind of plant.
uku-Nqanga, v. t. To toss to and fro; fig.
wanqanga ityala, he went to court always
complaining; to circumcise the gland.
i-Nqanga, «. 3. Glans penis.
uku-Nqangaqa, v. t. To resist generally.
uku-Nqangaza, v. i. To call or cry aloud.
u-Nqangazo, n. 5. A loud call or cry; the
sound produced by hitting upon the ox-
hide shields in a fight.
Nqangi, nqanji, adv. Em. First in point of
time: ndafika nqjngi, I arrived first; kwi-
mini zanqangi, in the early days.
uku-Nqangiyeia, v. i. To look out or plan
with the intent to get something for one-
self; to assert one's own interest, not to
mind the interest of others; to be selfish.
um-Nqangiyelo, n. 6. Plan, device.
i-Nqankala, ?«. Z, = i Nqakala.
Nqanqa, interj. used by children in the phrase
nqanqa gontsi, which they sing when looking
for the edible root igontsi.
i-Nqanqaba, n. 3. Steep ascent.
i-Nqanqanqa, ». 3. Difficulty; hard matter
in discourses.
uku -Nqanqateka, v. To have a strong desire
for an object, espec. for tobacco, after
having been deprived of it for a time.
i-Nqanq6lo, «. 3. The Cape Thick-knee or
dikkop, Oedicnemus capensis Licht.
i-Nqantosi, «. 3. Dry ground that cannot be
dug.
uku-Nqantsa, v. t. To throw up roots or
inkobe with the hand, and catch them in the
mouth (a custom of boys).
um-Nqantsa, n. 6. A place difficult of access ;
a steep not easily ascended.
um-Nqantsi, n. 6. The first, principal or only
matter or object; main point.
uku-Nqapela, v. i. To stop growing; to be
stunted in growth. Children, pattering
about in the rain, say: nqapela ndikule, come
down (don't stay in the clouds) that I may
grow.
i-Nqapela, ?/. 2. A dwarf.
u-Nqapeia-ndikule, //. 5. Sharp practice,
reducing another to bankruptcy for one's
own benefit; fig. responsible government.
uku-Nqaqulisa, v. t. To break in (a horse);
to train, discipline.
i-Nqafazisa, «. 3. Sound of cracking of
joints.
282
NQ
uku-Nqafela, v. t. To stop one in his speech
or conversation, under the pretence of
knowing already what he wishes to say; to
bring one to a point where he is no longer
able to answer.
i-Nqashela, n. 2. A piece of skin used as a
legging; an ornament round the ankle, of
beads (ntna-So) on string or wire.
i-Nqata, n. 2. The fat of flesh; fatness, rich-
ness: ubiisi bunamanqata, the honey is rich;
fig. inqata lelizwi, the force of the word.
Phr. iizisikela enqateni, he cuts the fat
part for himself, i.e. he is optimistic;
linqumile inqata, the fat has cooled, i.e. he's
in a fix, he laughs best that laughs last;
ngati ndidle amanqata, it seems as if I had
eaten fat, i.e. I am sick of this thing
through having done it so often, I am fed
up with this job.
um-Nqate, n. 6. A wild c2irroX', = um-Gushe.
i-Nqatshi, n. 3. A whip.
u-Nqatyana, n. I. A sparrow. Dimin. of
i-Nqabe.
uku-NqavuIa, v. t. Of a dog, to snap at.
uku-Nqawa, v. i. To hunt alone.
i-Nqawa, n. 2. (a) A man who goes out
hunting alone, a great hunter, (b) The
lynx or caracal, Felis caracal Giild.
i-Nqawa, n. 3. (a) A tobacco-pipe, (b) An
acorn.
i-Nqawane, n. 3. (a) A fragrant root, used as
medicine for stomach-ache,
(b) = is-Andawane.
i-Nqayl, n. 3. A round earthen vessel, an
earthen bowl made of clay, which has the
roundness of a head.
i-Nqayi, n. 3. A bald head: ngumfo onenqayi,
he is a bald-headed man.
ubu-Nqayi, n. 7. Baldness.
um-Nqayi, w. 6. Eleodendron velutinum
Harv., a forest tree furnishing the long
pointed stick without a knob, used as a
weapon in single conflict, and held high
above the head in dancing; the stick itself.
Dimin. umnqayana, a small stick.
i-Nqayi-mpdfu,«. 3. The fruit of Mw-iVi^a^'/-
mpofu.
um Nqayi-mpdfu, 11. 6. A species of tree
with small red fruit like cherries.
uku-Nqaza, v. i. To sit dumb with surprise
or astonishment, holding the hand under
the chin.
i-Nqazo, n. 3. A wonderful matter; as-
tonishment, surprise.
uku Nqazela, v. To be astonished, wonder
at, about, etc.
NQ
ili-Nqe, n. 2. Misgiving, mistrust; want of
confidence, fear of failure in an under-
taking; feeling of nervousness from an
apprehension of danger; pi. amanqe, the
extremities of the back below the loins.
Phr. uteta into ef amanqe, he talks nonsense ;
see uku-Fa.
isi-Nqe, n. 4. (a) The small of the back, the
loins: ndinesinqe, I have lumbago; wasi-
ntbela isinqe, he ran away swiftly, (b)
The stern of a boat, (c) Saddle of mutton;
sirloin.
i-Nqeberu, n. 3. A person or thing that
helps out of difficulties and calms restless
feelings; hence, a name for igqira.
i-Nqebesha, used as adj. Round like a
copula or dome ; a hat with brim turned
up.
uku-Nqekanqeka, To fall do-wn, = uku-Nqa-
kaqa.
i-Nqekenqeke, «. 3. A great number, a
crowd of people.
uku-Nqekeza, v. t. To open a book, gar-
ment ; to put the legs astride.
u-Nqeku, n. 5. An old thing, broken off on
one side ; = u-Kamba.
uku-Nqela, v. t. To put aside.
i-Nqele, n. ^.-i-Nqale.
um-Nqele, n. 6. A motto, sign.
i-Nqelekumana, n. 2. A child with a
disproportionately small head ; an illegiti-
mate child.
um-Nqelelengi, n. I. One who spies out by
intrigue; a detective, adviser, helper, toiler.
um-Nqelembila, n. 6. A kind of tree.
uku-Nqelisa, v. i. To guess nearly right,
almost to arrive at an object aimed at.
uku-Nqena, v. i. To be disinclined, indis-
posed to an undertaking or project ; to feel
indifferent; to be idle, lazy: ndinqena uku-
teta, I feel disinclined to speak; ndiyawu-
nqena umsebenzi, I feel indisposed to work.
V. t. To delay : ndimnqenile, I delayed him ;
also, I am afraid of him.
— Nqenana, v. Of two parties, to decline
combat.
i-Nqenefa, n. 2. A lazy person.
ubu-Nqena and ubu-Nqenefa, n. 7,
Laziness, idleness, indolence, listlessness.
uku-Nqeneka, v. Tt) be disinclined to do
a thing; also of a particular action, to be
distasteful.
uku-Nqenqa, v. i. To sit in a reclining
posture leaning the head on the arm; to
lounge.
NQ
V!m-Nqenq6, n. 6. The back of a chair, a
support ; the part of a thing on which it
leans ; one of a number of things lying in
a row.
isi-Nqenqelo, n. 4. Couch, sofa.
uku-Nqenqisa, v. To place, or cause to
sit, in a reclining position.
isi-Nqenqe, n. 4. Ruins ; fig. izinqenqezamafu,
dark, torn clouds.
ukuti-Nqenqelele, v. i. To stand about; to
loiter.
um-Nqenqenqe, n. 6. One who runs along
quickly; a rheumatic or other pain in any
part of the body.
uku-Nqeta, v. t. To pare or cut away
cautiously the edge or side of anything, (as
an axe-handle, etc.) ; fig. not to go straight
into a village, or forest, from fear; to stand
far off; to keep at a distance ; to approach the
boundaries of a place or enclosure with
caution.
u-Nqezunqezu, n. 5. The sound made by
rams knocking their heads against each
other.
uku-Nqezula, v. t. Of rams, to biitt with
their foreheads; fig. to strike painfully,
but without making bruises or marks.
ukutiNql, v. i. To be firm, fixed, stiff, hard:
indlebe zake zite-nqi, he is hard of hearing;
inyawo zaki zite-nqi, his feet are stiff, lame ;
indoda ete-nqi, a strong, middle-aged man.
ukuti-Nqi, v. t. To open, e.g. by taking the
lid off a pot.
uku-Nqika, v. t. To open, e.g. a cornpit
or a cavern by removing the stone with
which it is covered or closed; to open
something (a book, letter, seal, antheap)
which was previously closed or concealed.
— Nqikeka, v. To be opened up.
uku-Nqiba, v. t. To beg; to sponge upon a
person by frequenting his house and asking
for food.
i-Nqiba, n. 2. A beggar, sponger.
i-Nqila, n. 3. Anything round in shape like
a ring ; used as adj. Round.
ukuti-Nqile, v. t. To beat with a stick.
i-Nqili, «. 3. A round village ; a large cattle-
kraal ; a district.
i-Nqilo, «. 2. The Cape longclaw, Macronyx
capensis {LJ.
uku-Nqina, v. i. To become lean, meagre,
thin, slender : ndinqinile, I am lean.
i-Nqina, n. 2. The foot or hoof of an
animal ; an impression or mark left by the
foot of an animal ; fig. the footprint of a
1 man, the distinctive features in his character
383
NQ
or teaching which can be seen and followed
by others: ndilanda inqinalika-Ntsikana,! am
following Ntsikana's footsteps.
i-Nqina, «. 3. }im\img pdiViy : tidiy' enqina^
I go hunting,
uku NQ'INA, (i long) v. t. To witness to; to
testify; to give evidence: kukunqhia kivake
oku, this is his evidence, the record he
gives; to affirm, declare positively or
Solemnly: xikunqhi' umpefumlo, to belong to
the catechumens.
i'Nqina, «. 2. Witness; one who testifies
to or attests a fact; hence god-fathers
and god-mothers are called amanqhta.
isi Nqino, v. 4. Witness, evidence.
ubu Nqina, n. 7. Witness, evidence: iiz
ungafiqhii ubiinqina obuxoki ngowenu, tho!
shalt not bear false witness against thy
neighbour.
uku-Nqineka, v. To be confirmed (the
truth).
— Nqinela, v. To witness for, or on
behal f of : uyinqtnele inyaniso, he has borne
witness to the truth.
isi-Nqinelo, n. 4. Witness for or about
one.
uku-Nqinelana, v. To confirm* the evi-
dence of each other, to be in agreement
as to their evidence: u-Ti.xo uyanqhielana
nabOyGod bears them (with them) witness,
— Nqinisa,!^. To cause to witness, testify,
etc.
isi-Nqiniso, n. 4. Testimony.
uku-Nqiniseka, v. To be firm as a wit-
ness; to be sure, certain of a fact.
— Nqinisela, v. To make one witness
for a certain matter.
— Nqinisisa, v. To cause to testify
properly, constantly.
uku-Nqinda, v.t. To thrust with a stump horn
which has been cut off; to beat with the
first; to cuff, fight, adv. tigokunqindwa,
unintelligently, hazily,'ambiguously, (speak-
ing or doing) .
um-Nqindashe, «. I. One who is always
showing his fist, or beating with it.
i-Nqindi, w. 2. (l) An ox whose horns
have been shortened, by cutting off the
points ; fem. inqindikazi.
(2) The fist; fig. one who is always ready
to fight, an impudent person. Satan is
called u-Manqindi. Kungamanqindi, = ngo-
kutiqindwa, see uku-Nqinda.
isi-Nqindi, ti. 4. Anything with the point
cut off.
284
NQ
um-Nqini, n. 6. An animal whose tail is cut
short or has been lost through inoculation.
Dimin. iminqinana, used as adj. A few.
i-Nqiniba, n. 3. The elbow.
i-Nqiniko, ?(. 3. A mechanic, etc., = i-Ncibi.
isi-Nqininqini, n. 4. used as adj. Strong,
robust, stout, hardy.
u-Nqinishe, n. i. A poisonous kind of lizard,
Du. geitye; a small dark-brown puff-adder
with dark spots.
i-Nqintsl, n. 3. The hollow in the back of
the neck.
ukuti-NqJpu, ukutdna -Nqipu, and uku-
Nqipula, v. i. To meet suddenly: ingwe
yatana-nqipu nomfo, the leopard attacked
the man ; nditene-nqipii naye esitdlateni, I
suddenly met him in the street ; used also
of an intermittent pain; to have gripings.
ama-NqIpulo, n. 2. pi. Gripings.
uku-Nqipulana. v. To meet or to come
across suddenly from opposite sides:
banqipulana naye, they alighted upon him,
met him unexpectedly.
um-Nqiwu, «. 6.5A rod, bar, thong or fillet,
on which curtains, etc., are hung up.
i-Nqo, n. 3. The Egyptian vulture, Neophron
percnopterus (L.); Du. witte kraai.
ukuti-Nqo, v. i. To stand upright, perpendi-
cular: ivejiia wati-nqo, he stood straight up;
fig. to assume an attitude of determina-
tion: wati-nqo intamo, he was stiffnecked,
stubborn, obstinate; to be determined in
carrying out a purpose ; to refuse to listen
to reasons for abandoning a course of
conduct.
u-Nqomlenzana, w. l. One standing on
his head with his legs in the air.
ukuti-Nq6, v. t. used as adv. Exactly:
utshilo-ita ? did you say so ? nqo, exactly ;
to seize or touch : ua'nti-nqo ngoqbqbqb, he
caught hold of him exactly by the windpipe;
to touch the exact spot ; to peck with the
beak ; to stitch at the proper place.
um-Nqo, n. 6. A sign ; = urn- Nqele.
i-Nqoba, w. 3. Em. Cyperus usitatus Burch.,
an edible root.
i-Nqobo, n. 3. (i) A choice, excellent, valu-
able, exquisite, superior thing, in which one
can trust; one's own possession which he
prizes most; a principle. {2) = ama-Danda.
isi-Nqobo, n. 4. A thing in which one can
have confidence ; a refuge.
ubu Nqobo, n. 7. Self confidence, self-assur-
ance.
Nqoboka, n. 3. A bulrush.
NQ
i-NqoboloIo, n. 3. A tall, strong, robust
person of great physical endurance.
i-Nqogu, «. 2. An intimate friend: inqogii
lasekaya, a friend of our home, one who is
accustomed to visit us often.
uku Nqoka, (tribal) To give food to children
or old ^eo'pXe-y^uku-Nqaka.
ukuti-Nqokoqo, v. i. To look upon a thing
with astonishment; to observe, watch,
consider.
uku-Nq6la, v. i. To be hard, obstinate,
obdurate.
i Nq6Ia, n. 3. An obstinate, hard, un-
believing, godless person; a heathen.
ubu Nq6la, «. 7. Hardness, stubbornness,
stupid obstinacy.
uku-Nqoia, v. i. To climb a difficult-
fatiguing height, bowing down constantly;
to pick up. Phr. isilyeba mva sinqol'inlaha,
a poor man becoming rich ascends a
mountain ; i.e. an upstart is proud.
isi-Nqola, 7t. 4. ^
i Nqola-mti, w. 3. > Generic term for
isi-Nqola-mti, n. 4. )
wood-peckers.
uku-Nqola'nqola, v. To stoop down: wa-
nqdlanqola pantsi, he stooped to the
ground.
i-NqoIo, n. 3. The back part of the head;
= t-Kosi, and i-Nqolonci.
uku-Nqoloba, v. t. To kill one by one.
ukuti-Nqolokot6, v. t. To fight.
:^XloS'l-- To lean with the head
on something ; fig. to be confident in one ;
to rely on one : wanqoloitca kum or ngam, he
had confidence in me.
|:S3olontsi,l«-3- The back par. of .he
head; fig. iiyinqolonci yam, you are my
cushion or couch on which I rest, i.e. I
have confidence in you, I rely on you.
i-Nqoloqd, n. 3. A man who understands
all kinds of work.
uku-Nq6losa, v. i. To step forth firmly; to
be proud and haughty, despising others, as
big boys do to little ones; fig. to weigh,
consider properly.
i-Nq6lowa, n. 3. Wheat.
uku-Nqoma, v. t. To lend a cow to another
that he may have the use of the milk:
wotidinqoma inkomo, you must give me the
loan of a cow; kitko isicaka ayakusuiqoma
ngayo, there is a servant to whom he will
give the loan of it.
i-Nqoma, n. 3. A cow or cows lent to
another person to milk.
NQ
i-Nqomb6kazi, n. 3. A dark-yellow cow.
uku-Nqomfa, v. i. To fillip with the finger.
u-Nqomfenqomfe, n. i. A childrens'
game, in which a pebble is made to
bounce up from the back of the hand a
dozen times in succession.
i-Nqomfiya, n. 3. Em., = u-Hadi.
u-Nqomlenzana, see under ukuti-Nqo.
ukuti-Nqona, v. i. To stand upright.
um-Nqongonqo, n. 6. A high sounding
voice.
um-Nqonqo, n. 6. Spinal marrow.
um-Nq6nq6, «. 6. A single individual; used
as adj. A few : iminqonqo ngnminye, a very
few (remaining over from a battle).
Nqonqonqo, inierj. The sound made by a
person at the door of a hut in imitation of
knocking, to indicate that he seeks admission.
uku-Nqonqoza, v. i. To knock, as at a
door for admission : nqonqozani noviilelwa,
knock and it shall be opened to you.
— Nqonqozela, v. To knock for a pur-
pose : sake sanqotiqozehva,^we were knock-
ed for (i.e. by people wanting to get in.)
uku-Nqopisa, v- t. pass, nqotshiswa. To
make an appointment, agreement, contract;
to institute, stipulate for a certain place,
time or thing.
um-Nqopisi, 11. i. One who makes an
engagement, etc.
um-Nqopiso, w. 6. An appointment, en-
gagement, obligation, covenant, treaty.
uku-Nqopisana, v. To make a mutual
engagement, contract; to enter into
an agreement, covenant: banqop'isana
naye, they made an agreement with him.
um-Nqopisano, n. 6. Mutual agreement,
etc.
um-Nqopiswano, n. 6. The time fixed by
two parties for the performance of an
action.
um-Nqopiseli, n. I, One who makes an
engagement, etc., for.
i-Nq6sha, n. 3. The upper part of the chest.
uku-Nqdto!a, v. t. To guide calves with a
stick, warding them off on the right and
left, when driving them ; to correct or chas-
tise (boys).
i-Nqova, n. 3. The scales ot the skin, scurf
of the head.
i-Nqowa, = Em. i-Mqoba.
uku-Nqoza, v. i. To do a thing occasional-
ly: wanqoza ukubala, he wrote occasionally;
to shoot, thunder occasionally, at intervals,
not constantly.
285
NQ
i-Nqu, n. 3. The black wildebeest or white-
tailed gnu, Connochaetes gnu (H. Smith.).
Phr. ukutunga inqu,\o jest, joke.
isi-Nqu, n. 4. A wild cow.
um-Nqu, «. I. The Cape bristle-necked
bulbiil, Phyllastrephus capensis Sw., so call-
ed apparently from its cry.
ulu-Nqu, n. 5. Brow or ledge of stone or
rock projecting, overhanging ; fig. an over-
hanging eyebrow ; ill-will, envy, unkindness,
spite, aversion.
ukuti-Nqu, v. i. (a) To touch only: umkonto
wati-nqu, the assegai only touched (did not
enter), (b) To cease, stand still: indaba
zite-nqii, there is no news, (c) adv. Wholly,
completely: indlu yatshiswa nqu, the whole
house was burnt down, consumed, i.e. to the
ground.
ukuti-Nqunqu, v. To nudge ; to touch a
person sitting near one, so as to attract
his attention without attracting the
attention of others.
um-Nquba, n. 6. A temporary erection, a
hut for shelter on a journey ; an encamp-
ment. Dimin. timnqutyana.
uku-Nquba, v. i. To thrust, run, strike with
the head against a hard substance.
— Nqubeka, v. To strike against a hard
substance ; to become a wreck : umkomhe
unquheke eweni, the ship was wrecked on
a rock.
i-Nqubakazi, «. 3. An elderly woman.
uku-Nqubaza, x;. /. To hinder, interrupt.
i-Nqudenqu, n. 3. A nice thing like a pudd-
ing; fig. a sweet pleasure, delight, happiness.
i-Nqugwala, n. 2. A white stripe painted
round a house ; a white neckerchief round
the neck; the white on the dewlap of cattle;
a round hut or house w/th perpendicular
sides. Phr. tidilinqugwala, I am wet with
sweat.
i Nquku, n. 2. Remark, hint, indication.
i-Nquku, n. 3. pi. Inquhi, eziveneyo, rich, fat
people.
isi-Nquku, «. 4. Mass, body, corpulency ; one
who is very fat ; a stout, short and thick
person.
i-Nqukuva, n. l. = i-Ngqukuva.
uku-Nqula, v. t. To call on the departed
ancestors (iminyanya) ; to utter incantations
for help, as is done by doctors for their
patients; hence, to worship, pray; to call
upon God for blessings. (2) To coo ; aniazuba
ayanqula, the wood-pigeons coo.
um-Nquli, n. I. One who calls for help.
NQ
u Nqulj, n. 5. Worship, religion.
uku-NquIela, v. To be religious for a
purpose.
i-NquIa, K.3. The thyroid gland, Adam's apple.
uku-Nqula, v. i. To give abundance of milk
(applied only to cows).
i-NquIatya, n. 3. A jump: ndenza inqulatya,
I jumped.
i-NquIo, n. 2. A small species of land tortoise.
ukuti-Nqum, v. i. To cease, leave off; =
iiku-Nqumka and uku-Nqamka.
isi-Nqum, ti. 4. Something blunt.
u-Nqum' utuli, n. I. The month of July.
uku-Nqumka, v. i. To get blunt; to
cease : ukukupa kutiqumkile, the vomiting
has stopped.
isi-Mqumka, n. 4. A piece of wood cut
off; a log, stump.
uku-Nqumkela, v. pass, nqunyukelwa. To
cut off from.
— Nqumla, v. t. To cut off: ukuzinqumla,
to circumcise.
um-NqumU, «. I, An executioner.
uku-Nqumlela, v. To cut off for another.
— Nqumleza, v. = uku-Nqapileza.
— Nqumza, v. (a) To make blunt, to take
off the edge; fig. to weaken, lessen,
assuage, relieve.
(b) To keep at ; = uku-Joka.
i-Nquma, n. 2. A head-ornament, made by
tying the skin of a bird or a mole to the
hair in front.
um-Nquma, n. 6. The wild olive, Olea
verrucosa Link., used medicinally for tape-
worm ; a stick of this tree.
Phr. sinomnquma, we have no appetite, we
do not like the milk.
um-Nquma-swlIe, n. 6. Bastard iron-
wood, Olea foveolata. E.M.
uku-Nquma, v. t. To kill (bird, snake) with
one decisive blow ; to strike down to the
ground.
uku-Nqumela, v. To striked own to the
ground.
uku-Nquma, v. i. Of milk, to coagulate; of
fat, to dry up; to get tough, dry, hard:
tidaka lunqtimile, the clay is dry. Phr. uku-
nqiitn' inqata, to have one's whole soul in a
thing or work.
— Nqumela, v. To dry up at: amafuta
anqumcla emqaleni, the fat dried up in his
throat.
ukuti-Nqumama and uku-Nqumama v. i.
To stand still ; to cease operations : hat^-
nqtimama endleleni, they stood still in the
road.
NQ
uku-Nqumamisa, t'. To stop. Pass. «^m-
nyatiyiswa; to be brought to a stand-still
by being startled, etc.
uku-Nqumba, v. i. To be in a heap; to be
full, satiated.
i-Nqumba, n. 3. A closely packed con-
course of people, or drove of cattle,
which remains in the place where it is,
does not move.
i-Nqumbi, n. 3. Anything heaped or
poured into a heap; substance.
uku-Nqumbisa, v. To heap up; to make
full.
ukuti-NqumbuIulu, v. i. To be muddy:
amanzi ate-nqumbiilulu, the water is muddy,
thick, not clear.
ubu-NqumbuluIu, n. 7. Thickness (of
blood or any other fluid) ; stiffness of
porridge.
ukuti-Nqume, v. i. To be suddenly stopped,
startled, stunned; cf. uku-Nquma.
um-Nqumela, n. 6. Tallow made from the
fat of cattle.
i-Nqumeya, «. 3. The spring-haas ; = m-
Nziponde.
uku-Nqumka and uku-Nqumla, see under
ukutl-Nqum.
ukuba-Nqumnqesi, v. i. To be in doubt, to
hesitate.
ubu-Nqumnqesi, n. 7. Doubt, hesitation.
ukuti-Nqumnqum, v. t. To be soft as
gristle.
i-Nqiimfa, n. 3. Chaff, peel, paring.
uku-Nqumza, v. t. See under ukutt-Nqi
uku-Nqunda, v. t. To break off or cut
away any tender branch or grass, as in
reaping Kafircorn ; to shorten, cut short.
um-Nqundu, m. 6. The fundament; the
exposure of the whole body; the bottom of
a vessel.
um-Nqundu wenyati, w. 6. A tree wh
roots are so strong that they sometimes
break the plough-shares. The name,
which refers to the strength of the tree,
is considered vulgar by the women, who
talk of it under the more polite name of
um-Bunu ivenyati ; see um-Va wenyati.
um-Nqunduluti, n. 6. A snipe.
ama-Nqundwana. n. 2. ^pl. used as adj.
Lying on the back, with knees drawn in,
and hands up ; cramped up.
uku-Nqunga, v. i. To be restless; to fidget,
as a dog that is tied up; to try, intend,
hasten.
NQ
-Nqungisa, v. To drive round in a circle ;
to wander from the subject under dis-
cussion.
uku-NqunguIa, v. t. To tire; to disgust,
make squeamish, loathsome.
— Nqunguka, v. To be tired, exhausted;
to loathe, be disgusted.
i-Nqunqa, ?i. 3. A crowd, an assemblage.
uku-Nqunqa, v. t. To chop or cut into pieces ;
to mince (meat) ; to cut up forage for horses.
ukuti-Nqunqe, v. i. To hold one's tongue;
to be quiet.
i-Nqu-nqu-nqu, n. 2. Sound of beating on
the head.
uku-Nqunquta, v. t. To gnaw hard things,
in such a way as to be heard (as mice) :
ibokwe zimnqunquta iwibona, the goats crunch
the mealies.
uku-Nquntsa, v. i. To slacken one's pace,
to go slowly after going fast.
ama-Nqupunqupu, n. 2. pi. Changes, ups
and downs of life.
uku-Nququla, v. t. To steal all that happens
to be at hand.
isi-Nquf u, w. 4. Grudge, hatred, animosity.
uku-Npuruleka, v. i. To make a peculiar
sound from the throat similar to that made
by a wood-pigeon; to dance in a bad
manner.
uku-Nqusha, v. t. To stamp with a pestle in
a mortar, so as to remove the husks: nqusha
umbdna, stamp the maize ; fig. to work for
food.
isi-Nqusho, n. 4. A mortar.
um-Nqusho, n. 6. Stamped maize.
i-Nqushulu!u, n. 2. A strong, stout, vigorous
person.
ubu-Nqushunqushu, n. 7. The being short
and thick like a pig.
uku-Nqutula, v. t. To pluck out or cut short
or cut off the hair; to shave; to pull strong-
ly ; to draw out that which is held tightly.
um-Nqutuli, n. I. One who plucks out or
cuts off hair or wool; a shaver.
uku-Nqutuka, v. To fall out or break off,
as the hair after sickness.
i-Nquva, Round, etc., ^i-Ngqukuva.
uku-Nquzela, v. i. To limp.
i-Nquzi, n. 2. A lump or unevenness on the
skull, espec. on the forehead over the eyes,
u-Nquzulwane, //. 5. A little lump; a hill.
ili-Nqwa, n. 2. A desire or longing which
has not been satisfied ; dissatisfaction with
a decision : iiol>:o ndiyeka ndinelinqwa, though
I give in, I am not quite satisfied.
NQ
Nqwa, adv. Just as, resembling, exactly like:
ihashe lam nqwa nclo, my horse is exactly
like that one.
ukuti-Nqwa, v. i. To resemble; to be like:
wona ke ute-nqwa kaiiye no-Cikozayo lo,
this truly resembleth Talkative.
ukuti-Nqwa, v. i. To meet with suddenly
and unexpectedly in a certain locality:
ndati-ttqwd nengwe, I had an unexpected
meeting with a tiger.
ukutdna-Nqwa, v. To meet with each
other suddenly and unexpectedly at a
certain spot: satana-nqwd cnkalweni, we
met each other exactly at the neck of the
mountain; to look at each other at the
same time.
ukuti-Nqwakaqa, v. ^ukuti-Nqwa: ndati-
nqwakaqa nomfo ndvrgamlindelc, I met the
man unexpectedly.
ukuti-Nqwa and uku-Nqwa!a, v. i. To lie
down or sit and slumber; to nod the head
while dozing or otherwise; to take a nap,
ukuti-Nqwale, v. i. To bow the head:
bate-nqwalc, they bowed their heads.
uku-Nqwaleka, v. To be nodding.
— Nqwalaza, v. Em. To be dozing, sit
slumbering; to nod with the head.
uku-Nqwadala, v. i. To be at a loss: wa-
nqwadala amatyala, he could not sustain his
complaints, discuss them, proceed with
them.
ukuti-Nqwakaqa, v. =ukuti-Nqivd.
u-Nqwakunqwaku, n. 5- A dog that readily
catches pieces of meat thrown to it; a per-
son who has his wits about him and is ever
ready to discuss any topic.
uku-Nqwalaza and ukuti-Nqwale, see under
ukuti-Nqwa.
uku-Nqwamba, v. t. To keep off, restrain:
uyazinqwainba, he restrains himself; cf. uku-
Nqanda.
i-Nqwamba, 71. 2. (a) A long strip of skin
wound round the neck of an infant, as a
charm against evil.
(b) A cut made on the nose of a calf to
prevent it from sucking.
uku-Nqwambela, v. To keep off from:
uyandinqwambela ititshaha zam, he guards
me against my enemies.
um-Nqwane, n. 6. Erythrina tomentosa
R.Br., a tree with broad leaves and rough
bark, common in Eastern Pondoland.
uku-Nqwanqwa, v. i. To shrink back; to
be reserved; to hesitate, delay; to be indis-
posed to an undertaking or task: akanqwa-
nqwa ukuteta, or wateta ugokutiganqtvanqwi,
NQ
and bespoke freely, openly, without reserve ;
itdanqwanqwa ukudla, I hesitated, i.e. I de-
layed to eat.
i-Nqwanqwa, «. 2. Pieces of wood put
up against the hole in the side of a grave,
or in a cornpit, or over the mouth of an
elephant-trap; a kind of trellis work
nailed or tied before a window opening;
shutters; fig. reserve, restraint.
Plur. amanqwanqrva, short lengths of
wood.
uku-Nqwantsa, v. t. = uku-Nquntsa.
um NqwantsI, n. 6. The bad deeds of
igqwira.
uku-Nqwasana, v. To wink or nod in
order to caution another,
ukuti Nqwatya, v. L To sit down.
um-Nqwazi, w. 6. A covering for the head
of women, being a high cap made of skin
trimmed with beads; a bonnet, cap, hat.
i-Nqwebeba, «. 3. Crinum undatum.
i-Nqwebebana, ;/. 3. Scilla lancaefolia
Baker, used for gallsickness. Also applied
to the star of Bethlehem, Ornithogalnm.
i-Nqwelo, n. 3. A wagon.
uku-Nqwema, v. t. To cut, chop, divide
meat into small pieces.
i-Nqweme, «. 2. The inside of an animal
minced fine. Phr. inqweme lentulo, minced
salamander, is eaten only by Bushmen or
renowned hunters; a great delicacy, some-
thing very precious; inqweme lenkau
lidliwa babini, owesitatu ngumnqakati, a
minced monkey may serve for two, but
the third gets nothing; referring to secret
talk which is heard by a few only; or,
two's company, three's none.
ukuti-Nqweme, v. t. To strike down; = H*H-
Nquma.
uku-Nqwemema, z;. /. To stand still, etc.;
see uku-Nqumama.
uku-NQWENA, v. t. To desire strongly, in
either a good or a bad sense; to lust after;
to covet.
i Nqweno, n. 3. "^
u-Nqweno, n. 5. V Strong desire, lust, co-
urn- Nqweno W.6.)
vetousness, avarice.
uku-Nqwenela, v. To desire for[; to lust
after something; to covet what is
another's.
u-Nqwenelo, ;/. 5- ] a strong desire for
um-Nqwenelo, m. 6. 3
something.
uku-Nqweneleka, v. To be desirable:
impahla esinqwenelekayo, desirable chattels.
NQ
— Nqwenelekela, v. To be desirable for:
ingunit'i ongweiielekela iikuqiqisa, being a
tree desirable for making one wise.
— Nqwenelela, v. To wish well for a
person : ndiyakunqwevelela (uhamho liMe),
I wish you a prosperous journey.
— Nqwenisa, v. To cause or excite a
strong desire in another.
i-Nqweta, k. 3. Incompleteness.
^(\w\, interj. Hallo! Be attentive!
ukuti-Nqwi, and uku-Nqwila, v. i. To bow
down the head in dozing; to stoop, crouch,
hide down, as a bird in the grass.
i-Nqwili, «. 3. One who ducks, stoops,
hides.
uku-Nqwilisa, v. To cause to stoop or
fall, down or together.
— Nqwilisela, v. To cause to duck, to
stoop into: izikohlakalo ziyakunqwilisela,
wickednesses bring you down to ruin.
i-Nqwina, n. 3. A thing made into little
bits.
i-Nqwiniba, «. 3. The elbow-joint.
uku-Nqwintela, v. i. To eat like a child ; to
spill food. V. t. To break off fruit. Em.
To cut off maize.
ukuti-Nshwa, v. i. Em. =tikuti-Ntshwa.
um-Nta, n. I. Shortened form of umntivana.
A child : tnnta kabazvo or kamd, child of my
father or of my mother ; (a familiar phrase
of fond address to a child or favourite).
Em. umnta kweiu, one of us.
Phr. izittto azimnta ka-Ngqika zonke, not
everyone is a son of Gaika, i.e. all are
not equally fortunate.
ukuti-Nta, v. t. To stare: amehlo ake andite-
nta, he stared at me ; lasuka le-nta amehlo
ixego, the old man just stared.
isa-Ntakinja, (? i-Santakinja) n. The Forest
weaver, Ploceus bicolor Vieill. The name
is evidently an attempt to imitate the bird's
song; cf. i-Ngilikingci.
imi-Ntalantala, n. 6. pi. Growing sparsely ;
useless, e.g. maize plants standing singly,
here and there, in small numbers.
uku-Ntama.
-Ntamnana,)
tective.
u-Ntamnani, n. 1.
u-Ntamekana, n. i.
u-Ntamo-mnyama,
To act as a spy or de-
A spy, detective.
A little child, = u-Sana.
n. I. lit. black neck.
A name for the Cape Turtle, Turtur
capicola fSund.J, referring to the narrow
black band on the back of its neck.
um-Ntana, Short form of umntivana.
MM
289
NT
um-Ntan'ezulu, n. I. Lit. child of heaven.
The praying mantis, or Hottentot god.
It is not harmed by the native children,
lest they themselves should suffer evil
through their ill-treating it. This little
creature is entreated by the Kafir
children, as it used to be by the Hotten-
tots, in prayers after this fashion: ngce-
ngeze, mntaneziilu, uz'usicelele ingubo ku-
yihlo, excuse the liberty I take with you,
child of heaven; would you ask your
father for clothes (food, a goat, good-
will) forme.
um-Ntananangu, n. 6. Wenze umntananangu,
he spoke much to no purpose.
i-Ntangantwa, «. 3. One who is homeless-
ubu-Ntangantwa, n. 7. Homelessness.
uku-Ntanta, v. i. To be constantly on the
move; to shift or run about without pur-
pose or aim; to be excited; to be a busy-
body; not to know what to do; to be at a
loss.
isa-Ntanta, n. 4. One who runs hither
and thither.
uku-Ntantazela, v. = uku-Ntanta.
— Ntaza, V. t. To rove about doing
nothing.
— Nteka, v. i. Of a report, to fly about.
Ntanyongo, adj. Wrathful; see in-Tanyo-
ngo.
i-Ntapuntapu, n. 3. Vigorous kicking of a
cow in its endeavour to break the ropes
that tie its legs.
i-Ntarantafa, n. 3. A mob.
uku-Ntaza and Nteka, see under uku-Ntanta.
i-Ntekaza, n. 3. The Cape Sumach, Col-
poon compressum Berg.
ubu-Ntenda, n. 7. Roundness; from uku-
Tinda.
uku-Ntenetya, v. i. To lie as if asleep, but
in reality to be alert to all that is going on,
and to be listening to what is being said by
others.
i-Ntenetya, n. 3. The rock hare, Lepus
saxatilis Cuv. The name is probably
applied also to the red hare, Pronolagus
crassicaudatus (Geoff.), having reference
to the habit of hares of lying motionless
in their forms ; intenety' induna, the male ;
fem. intenety akazi.
uku-Ntenteleza, v. i. To perform any
bodily exercise (dancing, riding, etc.) dex-
terously, elegantly.
ukuti-Ntentente, v. t. To coddle, cherish a
child: wamenza untentente, he nursed the
child tenderly.
NT
i Ntentente, «. 3- One treated with great
tenderness by his parents*
uku-Ntenteza, v. i. Of the pulse, to beat.
Jcwa-Nti, only used irt the loc. A place where
there is no dwelling and no shelter of any
kind ; a waste, desolate tract. Phr. kiva-nti
zitshik, in the desert where everything is
burnt up.
ukuti-Nti, V. i. To disquiet, disturb, trouble.
i-Ntibane, «. 3. =in-Tibane.
iuku-Ntila, v. t. To stamp, pound; fig. to
push against the udder as calves do to get
the milk; to belabour with the fist.
isi-Ntilo, «. 4. A pestle, stamper.
uku-Ntilela, u To urge: uyazintilcla, he
urges himself.
i-Ntimba, «. 3. The silver-fish.
ukuti-Ntimfa, v. t. To put down; to place.
uku-Ntinga, v. i. To go far away.
uku-Ntingela, v. To go or rise far to:
intingela peziilu or einatengaloigeni, it goes
high up into the air (as a bubble of soap
or a bird).
i-Ntini, n. 3. The Cape otter.
u-Ntinti, «. I. A boys' game, in which sides
are chosen to oppose each other. Each
side has a ' home', in which a stick f u-Ntinti t
is set up, at which the opposite side throw
their sticks. The following method is
adopted in determining which side is to
begin. One party says 'We'll begin', to
which the second repVies ' ' Bonivii' . The
boys of the first party must then run the
gauntlet through the second who endeavour
to rub their heads as they pass. If the
boys of the second party succeed in rubbing,
they begin; if they fail, the first party be-
gins.
If, in throwing, a boy hits the untinti he
gets his stick back. But, if all those of one
side throw without hitting, the throwers
then scramble for their sticks, while the
defending party seek to defend them (ukii-
Tintelaj and to rub (uku-Dyoba) their heads
as they ?eek to regain possession of their
sticks.
ama-Ntintinti, n 2. pi. Blows: uxamwakb-
Iwa tigatnantintinti, the iguana was persuaded
by blows.
uku-Ntintya, v. To drink copiously.
i-Ntla, w. 2. The space from a position taken
at the foot of a hill u,) towards the top, i.e.
the upper side, the higher region, or top of
a mountain, the head of a stream, used in
the locative as prep. : entla kotango, on the
upper side of the hedge ; entla komlambo, or
NT
emantla oinlambo, at the higher or upper part
of the river; vgaseiitla or ngentla komfula,
towards the upper part of the ravine, adv.
ngentla; higher up = e?itla; used also for the
North, ngentla empumalanga, at the North-
east; ngentla entsJionalanga, at the North-
west.
ili-Ntla, «. 2. The part of the hut directly
opposite the door and beyond the fire place
which is in the middle of the hut. It is
always occupied by the master of the hiiti
um-NtIa, n. 6. The north*
ukutl-NtIa, u. t. and i. To d<> suddehly, un-
expectedly, e.g. to hit against a stone
accidentally, or to hit another accidentally :
titnte'ntla ngesando, he hit him accidentally
with the hammer; to arrive suddenly at a
place: watt akutl-ntla etajileni wabona ipesika,
when he came up to the table he saw a
peach; to stamp mealies in an emergency^
on the unexpected arrival of visitors; to
doze off into sleep.
— Ntlantla,w. To stamp mealies hurriedly.
ubu-Ntlabatl, n. 7. Sandiness: into ebuntla-
ball, a sandy thing.
i-Ntlafantlafa, n. 3. Juicy lean meat.
u-Ntlahlahlungulu, «. I. The coccyx of
animals ; the side-muscle of cattle, on which
the i-Hlungulu is often found sitting.
i-Ntlaka, n. 3. (a) Gum, resin; intlak' emhlo-
pe, frankincense.
Phr. hayintlaka nexolo, they stick together
like gum and bark, they go hand in hand.
(b) The white of the eye, the transparent
part of the eyeball ; the white of an egg.
ukuti-Ntlaka, v. t. To work coarsely, e.g.
to sew a garment superficially, not tho-
roughly; to grind corn coarsely.
Ntlakantlaka, adj. Coarse (meal); of
coarse texture, as sackcloth : ingubo intla-
kantlaka, the garment is coarse, adv. wa-
mpata 7itl'akantlaka, he treated him roughly.
uku-Ntlakaza, v. = ukuti-Ntlaka.
i-Ntlakohlaza, n. 3. Spring-time.
i-Ntlakotshane, n. 3. (a) The carcass of a
monkey dressed for eating, (h) - in-Tlako-
tshane.
i-Ntlala, n. 3. The \xMeT; = in-Tlahi.
ukuti-Ntlale and uku-Ntlala, t;. /. from uktitt-
Ntla: ndimte-ntlale, I threw him to the
ground (in wrestling).
uku-Ntla!ana, v. To wrestle with one
another.
— Ntlaleka, v. To be knocked about from
side to side ; to be here and there.
NT
i-Ntlaluntlalu, n. 3. =in-Tlaliintlalu.
i-Ntlama, n. 3. Y east •, = in-Tlama.
i-Ntlamo, «. 3. =in-Tlamo.
i-Ntlango, n. 3. A wilderness ; = m-7'/aw<g-o.
i-Ntlangu, w. 3. = in-Tlangu.
u-Ntlangula, «. l. Em. April or May.
i-Ntlaninge, n. 3. Abundance; see in-Tla-
ninge.
uku-Ntlantla, v, i. To separate from; to
quarrel, dispute.
i-Ntlantlu, n. 3. A divided part, section,
division, variety, diversity: abantu bazi-
tttlantlu, the people are at variance, op-
posing each other, not in harmony.
uku-Ntlantlana, v. To quarrel with one
another: nanga amadoda amahini entla-
ntlana, here are two men quarrelling
with each other.
uku-Ntlantlata, v. t. To soften by chewing
a string, thong, etc., with the teeth : inkomo
intlantlata intambo, the cow is chewing the
thong; to chew at lice with the teeth, as a
dog does ; to beat, knock into pap ; to crush ;
fig. to examine an article by pressing it
between the fingers.
— Ntlantlatana, v. To beat each other.
i-Ntlanto, n. 3. =in-Tlanto.
i-Ntlantsi, n. 3. A spark.
i-Ntlatlokwane, n. 3. The Bottle-nest wea-
ver, Ploceus ocularius A. Sin.
i-Ntlatywa, n. 3. A long-bodied, short-
legged person.
i-Ntlava, n. 2,--in-Tlava.
i-Ntlekele, n. 3. Misfortune; see in-Tlekele.
i-Ntlelelwane, n. 3. Twilight, dusk.
i-Ntlelemu, w. 3. Kafir beer dregs.
i-Ntlengetwa, n. 3. Cold wind from the
south.
i-Ntletsane, n. 3. A mixture of beer and
brandy.
ukuti-Ntlilikiti, v. To strike a person hard
with the hand or first, so as to injure him
severely.
i-Ntlintiyoya, n. 3. A plover.
uku-Ntlita, v. To give a box on the ear with
the hand.
— Ntliteka, v. To push against a thing;
to be cuffed with the fist.
i-Ntliteko, n. 3. A blow with the fist; a
cufl^.
ukuti-Ntliti, v. Ute-ntlitt ubutdngo, he sleeps
fast or soundly.
i-Ntliziyo, n. 3. The physical heart of man
or animals ; = in-Tliziyo.
NT
ukuti-Ntlo, V. To look or peep in; to put the
head a little within the doorway; to look
into superficially.
i-Ntlohle, n. 3. That which is agreeable,
pleasant.
i-Ntloko, n. 3. The head; see in-Tloko.
ama-Ntloko, n. 2. pi. The upper part of
a valley, where the river rises ; the soUrce
of a river ; loc. emaniloko.
uku-Ntiokotisa, v. To thrust forward
contemptuously ; cf . iiku-Hlohtolosa.
i-NtIokulu!o, n. 3. The stuff which is used
for clarifying beer.
u-NtloIanja, «. I. Em. The month of January^
i-Ntlomo, «. i.^in-Tlotno.
i-Ntlondl, n. Z. = in-Tlondi.
uku-Ntlontlozela, v. To feel a tingling
sensation, excited by a pungent smell,
espec. before sneezing.
i-Ntlonze, n. Z.^in-Tlonze.
i-Ntlosa, «. 3. Em. Parched green corn or
Kafir corn.
i-Ntloya, n. 3. Whey; see itt-Tloya.
u-NtloyJle, 11. l.~u-Ntloyiya.
u-Ntloyiya, n. i. The Egyptian Kite, Milvus
aegyptius (Gtn).
i-Ntlumayo, w. 3. The Kafir bean.
i-Ntlungwa, n. i. = in-Tlutigwa.
i-Ntlupa, 11. 3. Liquor amnii.
i-Ntiuzentluze, «. 3. Unevenness, (having
one finger longer or shorter than the other);
fig. disharmony.
i-Ntlwa, n. 3. A winged termite.
i-Nto, 7/. 3. see in-To.
ubu-Nto, 71. 7. Nature, manner, peculiarity
by which one thing differs from another.
i-NtoboIe, n. i. = i-Nyenzane.
i-Ntololwane, n. 3. A kind of plant.
Ntombazana, n. 3. plur. amantombazana.
A little girl.
Ntombi, n. 3. A girl, maiden, virgin,
daughter ; = in-Tomb'u
ubu-Ntombi, n. 7. Maiden-hood; virginity.
Ntombela, adj. Em. Red, as blood ; soft, as
silk.
u-Ntondo, M. I. The last foal of a horse or
the last kid of a goat; used vulgarly with
reference to a woman : into enguntondo ka-
Nantsi, the last child of So-and-so; see
urn- Tondo.
i-Ntonga, tt. 3. A stick; see in-Tonga.
uku-Ntontelana, v. To come together; of
armies, to meet.
uku-Ntontoza, v. To have palpitation of the
heart.
291
NT
i-Ntoshe, n. 3. Misfortune, etc.; see hi-Toshe.
iibu-Ntotdlolo, n. 7. Decrepitude.
ii-Ntsala-manxoweni, n. i. Os innorai-
natum.
Ntsaluba, adj. Of hair, standing one by-
one.
um-Ntsantsa, n. 6. A hollow place run-
ning up a mountain, ravine, gulf; deep
valley, hollow gap; euphem. for vagina
feminae.
Ntsanyuntsanyu, adj. Flimsy: ingubo entsa-
tiyuntsanyu, a thin garment, or one nearly
worn out.
i-Ntsapantsapa, n. 3. A person given to
hospitality ; also = i-Ntshapantshapa.
u-Ntsasana, n. l. A ruffian, rogue.
i-NtsasauIe, n. 3. Anything, as hair, stand-
ing on end.
i-Ntsasela, n. l.^in-Tsasela.
Ntsatantsata, adj. Tall and lean, slender,
lank; waddling like a duck.
i-Ntseka, n. 3. Necklace made of the shells
of ostrich eggs.
Ntsekemfu, adj. Very fat.
uku-Ntsela, v. i. To speak in a hidden way,
figuratively.
i-Ntsela, n. 3. Hidden speech: ndiv' intse-
la, I do not understand.
i-Ntsele, n. i. = in-Tsele.
i-Ntselu, n. 3. A kind of bird.
i-Ntselwane, n. 3. = in-Tselwane.
i-Ntsema, n. S. = in-Tsema.
i-Ntsengentsu, «. 3. Insignificance.
i-Ntsente, «. 3. = in-Tsente.
Ntshakantshaka, adj. Thinly spread, as
wool on a sheep or grains on a maizecob ; a
patch or grain here and there ; dim. ntsha-
kantshakana, of no renown, not valued but
contemned or scorned.
i-Ntshakatsholo, n. S. = in-Tshakatsholo.
i-Ntshakavu, n. i. = m-Tshakavu.
i-Ntshakaxa, n. 3. Tasteless food.
i-Ntshakuca, n. 3. Corn standing poor and
short.
i-Ntshamntsham, n. 3. A tasteless pump-
kin.
i-Ntshandela, «. l. = in-Tshandela.
i-Ntshap^ntshapik, n. 3. A volatile, frivo-
lous person.
i-Ntshatshoba, n. 3. The male inflorescen-
ce of the maize-plant.
i-Ntshatshongo, n. l. = in-Tshatshongo.
i-Ntshebe, n. 3. Beard on the chin.
i-Ntshembenxa, «. 'i.- iti-Tshembenxa.
NT
i-Ntshemntshem, n. 3. Anything very
white in appearance, as a whitened wall, a
white rock or precipice.
i-NtshengecCj n. S- = in-Tshengece.
i-NtshenguIa, n. Z. = in-Tshengula.
i-Ntshenu, n. S. = in-Tshenu.
i-Ntshepe, n. S. = in-Tshepi.
i-Ntsheshemba, «. s. = in-Tsheshemba.
ukuti-Ntshi, v. i. To catch and hold; to
clasp, embrace: yiti-jttshi. tie it tight.
i-Ntshibakwe, n. 3. One who behaves
unkindly to acquaintances ; = /«-75A/6fl^^.
i-Ntshikintshiki, n. 3. Small grain.
i-Ntshikintshikikazi, n. 3. A woman in
wrath.
i-Ntshili, n. 3. The red-faced mousebird,
Colius indicus Lath., so called from its cry.
u-Ntshilo, n. 5. Hunting where every man
takes what he kills.
Ntshimpantsholo, adj. Excited: umzi u-
iltshimpantsholo, the village is in a panic on
account of a crime.
i-Ntshinga, n. 3. = in-Tshifiga.
i-NtshlngintshoIo, n. 2)- = in-Tshinginlsholo.
i-Ntshinka, n. s. = in-Tshmka.
ukuti-Ntshinte, v. i. To strike on the neck.
i-Ntshintintshinti, n. 3. A blow, beating;
the beating with sticks of an individual or
an object by a number of people.
i-Ntshlnyongo, ti. 3. from ukuti-Shinyi.
Great darkness.
i-Ntshlpa, n. 3. The flower of i-Nyibiba.
i-Ntshipintshipi, «. 3. Fine rain,
i-Ntshixilili, n. 3. A big lean animal.
i-Ntshiyane, n. 2. The common waxbill,
Estrilda astrild (L.). The name is some-
times loosely applied to allied species.
i-Ntshiyi, n. 3. and i-Ntshiyongo, n. 3.
See under i-Shiyi.
i-Ntshiyo, ti. S- = in-Tshiyo.
i-Ntshlyontshiyo, n. 3. A kind of bird,
probably the same as i-Ntshiyane.
ukuti-NtshO, V. i. To stare, look sharply at
one.
u-Ntsho, n. I. Species of eagle.
i-Ntshokontshoko, n. 3. Haste; one who is
in advance of others in tracing stolen
animals.
i-Ntshokovane, n. 3. Haughtiness, disdain ;
a wrathful person.
i-Ntshongo, «. 3. The oil which accumulates
in the stem of a tobacco-pipe.
i-Ntshontsho, n. 2. A chicken.
i-Ntshontsho, w. 3. si'ig. only. An abomi-
nable, odious thing; a disgusting smell;
anything which creates disgust, adj. into
NT
cyintshontsho, an abominable thing.
ubu-Ntshontsho, n. 7- Abomination,
odiousness.
i-Ntshoqa, n. 3. A disgusting smell.
i-Ntshovuntshovu, n. 3. That which is
fearful, wrathful, impetuous, blustering.
uku-Ntshula, v. i. Of horns or plants, to
shoot forth, bud, spring up, germinate.
— Ntshulela, v. To bring forth for: iiya
kukuntshulela imitana enameva, it shall
bring forth thorns to thee.
— Ntshulisa, v. To make to grow.
—Ntshuiisela, v. To make to grow for :
tilontshulisela inkonio utyani, He causeth
the grass to grow for the cattle.
i-Ntshulube, «. 3. A red, intestinal worm.
i-Ntsliunquntshunqu, n. 3. Anything want-
ing in toughness; cf. i-Dapudapu.
i-Ntshuntshe, «. 3. A long spear.
i-Ntshuntshute, «. 3. Something tapering
and sharp-pointed.
i-Ntshuze, n. 3. A small, edible root.
ukuti-Ntshwa, v. i. To contract, shrink or
draw together, as the skin, when burnt ; or
leather, when placed too near a fire; fig.
to contract the features in anger; to scowl;
to be gloomy, morose; to have a sour
face ; = Em. ukuti-Nsfnva.
i-Ntshwaqane, w. 3. A random speech; one
who jumps from one subject to another;
also a curse.
i-Ntshwau, n. 3. A plant with an edible
root.
i-Ntshwentshwe, n. 2. = t-Ntshontsho.
uku-Ntshwenya, v. i. To shrivel up (as
corn, etc., from drought).
— Ntshwenyisa, v. To cause to shrivel up.
uku-Ntshwiba, v. t. To milk into the mouth.
ukuti-Ntsi, V. i To ache (from working):
ingalo zam zite-ntsi ngokusika inqolowa, my
arms ache, tingle from cutting wheat, v. t.
To burden ; to put a heavy burden on one.
ulu-Ntsi, «. 5. Refusal: baba luluntsi, they
were not willing, they refused.
i-Ntsikantsika, «. 3. A great number,
plenty, abundance.
i-Ntsila, 77. 3. Dirt, as on an unwashed
human body ; filth, pipe oil.
ukuti-Ntsili and uku-Ntsila, v. t. To beat
out corn, etc., with a little stick; to push,
toss about, as a rough sea may toss about a
vessel until it is wrecked; to hammer away
at a closed door till it is forced open ; to
forge ; fig. to repeat the same action or the
same request until the object in view is
accomplished.
NT
— Ntsiieka, v. To be tossed about.
i-Ntsimbane, w. 3.-in-Tsirnbane.
i-Ntsimbi, «. S. = in-Tsimbt.
i-Ntsinde, w. 3. (a) Uncultivated land, (b)
The red substance which is found in the
honeycomb, called bee-bread, (c) Randia
rudis E. Mcy.
u Ntsinga, n. I. Em. The month of Decem-
ber.
i-Ntsingalala, n. 3. Something which does
not bend or relax.
i-Ntsintsana, n. 3. A small thing or matter.
uku-Ntsinya, v. i. To pull or tie fast together,
i-Ntslp6, n. 3. Yeast, sediment, must.
uku-Ntsiteka, v. i. To give a box on the ear;
also = tiku-Nquba.
i-NtsobI, «. Z. = in-Tsobi.
ubu-Ntsomi, «. 7. from uku-Soma. Fabulous,
mystical.
uku-Ntsompota, = uku-Ntsonkota.
isi-Ntsompota, = i-Ntsonkota.
ubu-Ntsompoti, n. 7. Ambiguous, enig-
matic speech.
Ntsongantsonga, adj. Utnlambd untsongantso-
nga, the river is dangerous, difficult to cross.
uku-Ntsonkota, v. i. To speak ambiguously,
mysteriously, so as not to be understood by
everyone; to instruct, inform, in an indirect
way.
i-Ntsonkota, n. 3. An ambiguous, mysteri-
ous utterance or sentence; a sentence in
which one does not say all he means; an
enigma, riddle.
uku-Ntsonkotela, v. To speak mysterious-
ly, or in proverbs, to or concerning.
i-Ntsonkotela, n. S- = i-Ntsonkota,
i-Ntsuba, n. ^ =in-Tsuba.
i-Ntsula, n. 3. The hip bone.
i-Ntsumpa, «. 3. A wart; see in-Tsumpa.
Ntsundu, adj. Dark brown: inkabi entsundii,
a dark brown ox ; intsundu yakwaSana, an
ox which Gasela took from the Basuto
which raced well; abantu abantsundu, the
dark-brown people, the natives of South
Africa ; ktisentsiindu, before daylight, when
it is still dark, before ukukanya kwempondo;
dimin. inlsundwana, a person of brown
colour.
aba-Ntsundu, n. 2. pi. The dark skinned
natives of South Africa: itnicimbi yaba-
ntsundu, native affairs.
ubu-Ntsundu, n. 7. Dark brown.
i-Ntsundwane, n. 3. A lump of ground
pushed up by an earthworm; see um-
Sundulo.
i-Ntsunguzi, n. 3.- in Tsunguzi.
293
NT
i-Ntsunguzu, w. 3. Giddiness; = in Tsiitigitzu.
uku-Ntsuntaza, v. i. To walk tottering.
i-Ntsuntsu, n. 3. (a) That which is small of
its kind, as a drop of rain, particles broken
or fallen off, as small stones, shreds, tatters;
spots, marks or pustules on the body ; dimin.
intsuntswana, a very small particle; a very
small boy. (b) Red clay, — un-Bola.
i-Ntsuntswazana, H. 3. A very small girl.
Ntswalakahia, adj. Puffy, as a horse's
mouth.
ukuti-Ntu, V. i. To be set alight: indlii yati-
ntu, the house was set on fire.
um-Ntu, «. I. A human being, a person, a
man (homo). Phr. akamntu, he is godless,
wicked; tidisaya hiba ngumntu, lit. I shall
still become a human being; said by one
who is anticipating a blessing of health or
joy, e.g. by one who gets married after
having been a widower or widow; ngu-
mtzvan' omntti, he is somebody, i.e. not a
common man's son. Plur. abantti, men,
persons, people.
isi-Ntu, «. 4. The human species.
ulu-Ntu, n. 5. The human race, mankind ;
the common people, as distinguished from
the chiefs.
ubu-Ntu, n. 7. Human nature or quality;
humanity, kindness, manliness, manhood:
lomntii akatiabuntu, this man is a common
creature, worthless, contemptible; one
who has thrown away his dignity of
human nature.
i-Ntubi, n. 3. Larval and asexual termites.
i-Ntubuntubu, «. 3. That which is soft
inguho ifitubiintubu, the blanket is soft.
kwa-Ntuli, used in loc. only. Bahamba
kwantuli, they walked in great masses
(raising a great dust).
u-Ntulikazi, n. I. Em. The month of June
the dusty month ; iromu-Tuli.
i-Ntulo, n. 3. A land \g\i2indi\-in-Tnlo.
Ntumanga, adj. Soft.
ulwa-Ntunge, n. 5. from uku-Tungata. J
shiftless person, not steady or persevering in
any occupation.
um-Ntu-ntloni, «. l. (The person to be
revered). A woman's father-in-law.
i-Ntununtunu, n. ^. = in-Tnnuntu>iu.
ubu-Ntununtunu, tt. 7. Pain, suffering,
sickness; flg. a thin-skinned person, one
easily offended.
i-Ntunzl, n. 3. A tree growing in forests
near the sea, bearing yellow berries.
i-Ntushuntushu, «. 3. Loose, sandy ground.
NT
Ntusi. adj. Of cattle, red and white, the
white prevailing on the underparts of the
body: inkomo entusi, a beast with white
flanks or white belly ; into entusi, a whitish
thing.
i-Ntusi, n. 3. Sweet milk. (Pondo.)
i-Ntuslkazi, «. 3. A red or light-colour-
ed cow with white flanks and belly.
i-Ntwaki, n. ^. = in-Twaki.
i-Ntwala, w. 3. A louse.
um-Ntwana, n. 1. Dimin. of umntu. A child,
male or female: umntwana wamatyolo a
bastard ; mnntwana wesisu or wokucolwa, an
illegitimate child; umntwana wegazi, a
member of the royal family; umntwma
omhle, His Majesty.
ubu-Ntwana, n. 7. Childhood.
i-Ntweba, n. 3. Different, mixed things.
Ntwebentwebe, adj. Wide, large.
u-Ntwentwe, n. 5. A muscle.
um-Ntwentwe, n. 6. A species of tree.
um-Ntwenyana, «. I. AWide-y-in-Kasana.
ukuti-Ntya, v. i. To cry aloud; to raise
alarm, call out the army.
um-Ntyangampo, n. 6. A long-conti-
nued plaintive cry, as of a person in
sorrow or trouble.
i-Ntyabontyl, n. 3, A wild water-melon.
i-Ntyankabila, n. 3. That which is dark
and deep.
i-Ntyewu, n. 3. A champion, a fellow.
ukuti-Ntyi, v. t. To tie up: uzite-ntyi ngom-
nxeba, he hanged himself with a monkey
rope ; to fasten the eyes on one : ndamti-
ntyi, I looked upon him with contempt,
angrily; fig. to inform, apprize of secretly.
u-Ntyi, ". I. A small leathern string.
uku-Ntylloza and uku-Ntyifoza, v. i. Of a
bird, to chirp or sing; fig. to speak often;
to prate, chatter, to speak in parrot
fashion.
i-Ntyonkobila, n. 3. A deep, dark place; cf.
i-Ntyankabila and i-Ntywenka.
uku-Ntyontya, v. i. To whistle.
— Ntyontyela, v. To excite; to animate:
wazintyoniyela amakwelo, he incited cattle
to race by whistling or praising them;
to animate warriors for battle; bamntyo-
ntyela amakwelo, they hissed him.
u-Ntyontyo, n. 5. A long operation; a
tedious but determined way of performing
any action ; = u-Ntynntyo.
i-Ntyontyololo, v. 3. Anything which
takes a long time, esp. Kafir-beer when
it takes some time to ferment.
NT
uku-Ntyontyoloza, v. L To hold on
steadily to a purpose ; to continue long
in performing an undertaking.
u-Ntyontyoshe wegazi> «. I. Chronic
diarrhoea*
Ntyll I interj. The sound of beating a per-
son.
Ukuti-Ntyu, v. I. To beat, thrash a person.
u-NtyulantyuIa; «. i. A large tiii.
i-Ntyunkula, n. 3. A deep pool of water;
= i-Ntywenka.
uku-Ntyuntya, v. i. To be tedious in
speaking or in performing: uyantyuntya ku-
teta kwaki, he is tedious in his discourse ;
fig. to run with long and steady strides, so
as to hold out long without being wearied.
i-Ntyuntya, n. 2. A person noted for his
long speeches.
i-Ntyuntyi, //. 3. One who takes a long
time to finish or have done; a great
talker.
u-Ntyuntyo> rh S- A long, tedious speech,
Oration or sermon^
i^Ntywenka, n. 3. and isa-Ntywenka, n, 4.
A deep, clear pool for water ; used as adj.
Much (fruit, money, rain, etc.).
uku-Ntywentyweza, v. t. To abuse, bluster.
ukuti-Ntywi and uku-Ntywila, v. i. To
dive, plunge into the water ; fig. to be rich.
ukuti- Ntywili, v. i. To dive: ute nje
NU
um^Nuka-mblba, «. 6. lit. The smell of
the striped field-mouse. Clausena inaeqUa^
lis Benthr, a shrUb with art offensive
smell (burned and used for fumigating
infants till they sneeze, to elear their
lungis and make th^m strong ; used alsd
as medicine for tapewdrm}; see
Pihlelela: . .
uku-Nukela, To smell out in the interest
of a sick person, i.e. to disco /er the per-
son who has caused his sickness.
— Nukisa, V. To make to stink; to be
loathsome; yena ongendawo uyaiiukisa, a
wicked man is loathsome.
isa-Nuse, n. 4. A witch-doctor supposed
to possess supernatural powers derived
from lions, leopards, elephants, pythons^
crocodiles or Hottentot women in the
other world, enabling him to supply
charms to protect people from evil in-
fluences, and to smell out i.e. to find out
those who bewitch and their charms 5 see
uku-Mbulutai
uba-Nuse, n. 7. The art of the smelling.^
out witch-doctor.
uku-Nukuneza, To scold, etc. ; = uku-Ngci-
kiva.
ubu Nakunukwana, «. 7. Inferiority, in-
significance, contemptibleness, meanness.
uku-Nukunwisha, v. t. To pinch, scold,
chide, rebuke.
'ntywUiwapuvm, he just dived in and was ' um-Numzana, n. I. contracted diminutive of
Nini-mzi. The owner of one or more
out agam.
uku-Ntywilisa, v. To cause to sink, drown.
u-Ntywiliso, n. 3. Submersion.
uku-Ntywilisela, v. To sink, etc. at a
certain place ; to immerse ; to baptize by
immersion.
um-Ntywilise!i, n. l. One who baptizes
by immersion.
uku-Ntywizisa, v. i. To shed tears; to cry
aloud.
uku-Nuka, v. i. To smell: iiiyama iyanuka
kahibi, the meat smells very badly; lento
inuka cost, this thing smells sweetly, nicely.
V. t. To smell at or scent out : tnja inuka
tito-nina? what is the dog smelling at ? fig.
to find out by divination the person who
has caused the sickness in one who is ill .
hence to suspect or accuse of the crime of
witchcraft; umntu omikiiveyo, the person
smelt out as having caused the sickness or
death of one whose case is under consider-
ation. (Sickness, among the Kafirs, is not
considered to be due to natural causes but
to be the re£,ult of witchciaft.).
villages; one of higher rank in society; a
rich, respectable man; a nobleman, gentle-
man.
ubu-Numzana, n. 7. The authority, dig-
nity of the owner of a village.
um-Numzetu, «. I. contrac. for um-Nini-mzi
wetu, the owner of our village. Our host,
sir (a title of respect) ; = um-Niimzana.
Nundu, n. 2. A moth; also applied to the
so called fish-moth, an apterous insect
which is a pest among books and papers.
isi-Nungu, v. 4. A kind of clover called
hare's foot.
um-Nungumabele, n. 6. Knobwood, Xan-
thoxylon capense, H. & S., or X. thunbergii
D.C. The root is used as a remedy for
snake-bites ; it is said to be an antidote to
the bite of the Tsetse Qy; = um-LungHmabele.
isi-Nungunungu, n. 4. That which has a
frightening appearance (darkness, cattle,
etc.)
i-Nunu", 71. 3. pi. izi. (a) Anything (wild animals,
ghosts, wild men) which frightens, hurts or
injures.
295
NU
(b) Generic term for insects; dimin. inn-
Tiwana.
uku-Nunusa, v. (. To frighten children by
telling them that a bad man or evil thing
will come to them; to terrify, make un-
easy or nervous: wasinumisa tigenyoka, he
frightened us about a snake.
— Nunuseka, v. To be fearful to look at ;
to be frightened.
— Nunusela, v. To frighten for.
— Nunzela, v. t. To be frightened of.
isi-Nunzela, n. 4. A person with a digni-
fied bearing.
isa-Nuse, ». 4. A witch-doctor who employs
his art in 'smelling out' those who bewitch ;
see under nku-Nuka.
u-Nwabu, »/. 5. plur. ama-Nwabu. A chame-
leon, so called from its slow walk; = it-Lova-
tie; fig. a slow person; an animal in poor
condition.
uku-Nwabuza, v. To move slowly, like a
chameleon; to creep; cf. uku-Nambuzela _
uku-Nwabulula, u ?. To stretch out; = M^M-
Nabulula.
— Nwabuluka, - uku-Nabuluka.
isi-Nwe, n. 4. Anything prettily made, neat
looking.
um-Nwe, n. 6. A finger; fig. a cartridge.
ukuti-Nwe, v. i. To cry, scream, call out
vehemently, while running with the gar-
ment overspread as one who is afraid.
ukuti-Nwe, v. i. To spread; to become
light and bright: ndisuke xa hit'i-nive, I
started at the first glimpse of light, i.e. at
daybreak.
uku-Nwenwezela, *•. /. To spread, as a
disease by infection from one to another;
to blaze as a grass fire.
uku-Nweba, v. t. To stretch out anything
elastic; fig. to continue to annoy a person
by irritating language ; to seek a quarrel ;
to refuse to make peace.
um-Nweba, n. 6. A garment of different
colours, made of the skins of various kinds of
small animals.
i-Nwebu, n. 3. The cuticle or epidermis
which covers the true skin of the body;
anything that is hairless.
uku-Nwebula, v. i. To talk superficially of
just what one likes, whatever comes into
the mind.
u-Nwele, n. 5. (a) A hair of the head.
Phr. uzungazilahli inivele zakb, zahicblwa
zintdka, ube sibanxa, don't scatter your (cut)
hair, lest it be picked up by the birds, and
you become half-witted. (When the hair is
cut, the trimmings must be buried or burnt.)
NW
(b) Sutherlandia fructescens B.B., used as a
remedy to stay the coughing up of blood.
ama Nwele, H. 2.pl. Hair standing on end:
unamariwcle, his hair stands on end, i.e. he
is frightened.
ama-Nwenwe, n. 2. Beautiful things, etc; =
atna- Newuncivu ; see also isi-Nwe.
uku-NwenwezeIa,x;./. StQund&x ukutUNwe.
ukuti-Nwi, c. t. To inform, apprize of se-
cretly.
uku-Nwisha, To scold, etc, = tiktt-Nukunwi-
sha.
um-Nwomo, w. 6. A deep hole.
Nxa! (a) interj. of displeasure or despair.
It's your fault!
(b) The sound made by a baboon.
ukuti-Nwayl nwayi, v. To long after or
desire (something'.
Phr. kokwabanye nwayi nwayi, kokwako roqo,
for another man's you scramble, for your
own you draw in your legs.
i-Nxa, n. 3. Side, part: ngenxa zombini, on
both sides; ngenxa zonke, on all sides; nge-
nxa yam, or ngcnx' enam, on my side, i.e. for
my sake. Cf. i-Nxenye.
Ngenxa, prep. Because of, on account of,
for the sake of: ngenxa yanto-nina? on
what account? why? ngenxa yokuteta
kwake, on account of his speech.
Ngenxa yoko.ctf///'. Therefore: ekungenxa
yoko nciit't, and therefore I say.
Ngenxa yokuba, and Ngenx' enokuba,
conj. Because that, because: ngenxa yokuba
bczingc nabunzulu, because they had no
depth; ngenx' enokuba uyenzile lento, be-
cause thou hast done this thing; ngenx'
enokuba ungalazanga ixesha lokuvelelwa
kivako, because thou knewest not the time
of thy visitation.
Ngenx' engapambiii, adv. Before: aba-
benyuliwe ngenx' engapambiii ngu-Tixo,
that were chosen before of God.
Nxam, adv. To the side, on one side: wa-
bona ndlelana ibeta nxam, he saw a path
lying along by the way.
Nxamnye, prep. Aside from, outside of:
ndahamba nxamnye nendlela, I walked, not
in but at the side of, i.e. outside the road;
nxamnye nomteto, not according to law,
but without the law, avoiding it. adv.
masiheke nxamnye umsebenzi wobumnyama,
let us lay aside, cast off the work of
darkness.
Nganxamnye, adv. On one side.
u-Nxazonke, n. i. One facing all sides,
one who is continually changing his mind,
who wishes to please everybody; a
weathercock,
296
NX
u-Nxa, w. 5. Illwill, feeling of opposition:
unonxa komnyc, he says bad words to the
other.
ama-Nxadanxada, n. 2. pi. Confusion.
isi-Nxadanxada, «. 4. One who is at a loss,
confounded.
i-Nxadi, n. 3. A badly formed head, resemb-
ling that of an owl.
i-Nxagu, w. 3. The reed pig.
uku-Nxakama, v. i. To low, bleat, as a calf
or a lamb for its mother, or as a cow or a
ewe for its offspring: akusavakalt kunxaka-
ma, there is no more bleating heard.
— Nxakamela, v. To get up ; to move on
in front ; to make haste ; to go often to a
place.
i-Nxala, n. 2. The Rooi rhebok, Cervicapra
fulvorufula (A fzel).
ukuti-Nxale and uku-Nxala, v. t. To fill,
cram, stuff (wool into a bag) ; fig. to eat
greedily, beyond satiety; to gormandise.
Refl. uzinxale vgohidla, he gorged himself
with food ; he crammed his stomach.
i-Nxalo, «. 3. Filling, cramming, gluttony.
uku-Nxalisa, v. To cause a person to
gormandise.
i-Nxalenye, «. 3. A part, portion, adv.
inxalenye, on the one side, on one hand.
See i-Nxenye.
Nxam, adv. On one side ; see under i-Nxa.
i-Nxam, n. 2. The frame of a thing.
uku-Nxama, v. i. To be quick or hasty in
performing an action or in speaking; to be
in a hurry.
isi-Nxami, n. 4. A hasty person.
u-Nxamo, «. 5. ) „ , .
ubu-Nxamo, n. 7. j ^^^t=' mipetuosity.
uku-Nxamela, v. To hasten for; to de-
sire, wish to perform an action: ndittxa-
mele ukuhamba, I am in haste to walk on;
uyandinxamela, he is eager to be at me,
i.e. to do me harm.
um-Nxameli, n. I. One who is eager for;
enge mnxameli wanzuzo imhi, not greedy
of evil gain.
uku-Nxamisa, v. To hasten; to quicken
in pace.
— Nxamiseka, v. To be hastened: ?</«£•/-
mbi kakumkani unxamisekile, the kin^'j
business requires haste.
Nxamnye, prep. Aside -.from; see under
i-Nxa.
ubu-Nxamu, n. 7. The last, extreme, utmost
point: ebunxamu, far away, distant, remote.
uku-Nxana, v. used in the passive only.
To become thirsty : ndinxaniwe, I am thirsty.
NN 2<
NX
Thirst, desire : akuliva
i-Nxano, n. 2. "j
u-Nxano, ;;. 5. J
inxano limtshutshisa, when he feels a thirst
troubling him ; ndifile lunxano, I am dead
from thirst, i.e. I am very thirsty.
uku-Nxanela, v. To thirst for; fig. to
desire to possess; to long and languish
for: umpefamlo warn unxanela u-Tixo, my
soul thirsts for God ; banxanelwa ama-
nzi, they thirst for water.
uku-Nxanga, v. i. To stand about idly,
gaping; to stand about without eating, as a
sick animal.
um-Nxanxa, 71. 6. Recess, inside.
uku-Nxanxa, v, i. To be languid, slack,
indolent.
— Nxanxisa, v. To slacken; to make the
arms hang down.
i-Nxanxadi, n. 2. The fiscal shrike, Lanius
collaris L., whose domineering ways are
plainly indicated in the various versions of
his rough cry, e.g.: miis' ukugxeka, lentaka
incede vicinane, incinane-nje ndiyixoma emeve-
iii, don't mock, this ncede is a mite of a
bird, seeing he is so small I am pinning
him on the thorns.
uku-Nxanxasa, v. i. To stand in a gap or
breach.
i-Nxanx6si, n. 3. The Secretary bird,
Serpentarius serpentarius (Miller), likened
by the boys, from his knickerbockered
appearance, to the leader of a Boer wagon.
uku-Nxasha, v. t. To charge a gun: umpii
unxashiwe, the gun is charged.
— Nxashela, v. To charge for.
— Nxashisa, v. To make or cause to
charge.
— Nxashisela, v. To cause to charge for
another.
uku-Nxatapeia, v. i. Em. To be in a
hurry, in haste.
Nxatshi-kel and Nxatsho-kel interj. Well
done! well said!
i Nxatu, K. 2. An ugly, good-for-nothing
person.
i-Nxatu, n. 3. Ugliness: umntu onxatii, an
ugly-looking person.
ubu-Nxatu, n. 7. Ugliness, dirtiness, detest-
ableness, immorality.
i Nxawa, n. 3. A bit of food.
i-Nxawa, n. 3. The charge for a gun or
rifie.
uku-Nxaxa, v. i. To walk in disorder,
both literally and figuratively; to depart
from order, as bullocks which do not keep
in line ; to turn away from the path of
NX
nioral rectitude: dcdatii hibo abahamba ngo-
kunxaxa, withdraw from them who walk
disorderly.
ubu-Nxaxd, v, 7, Disorder, confusion,
distraction.
liku-NxaxAnxaxa, v. To go hither and
thither.
— NxaxSia, v. To turn out of the way
to : inkabi azanxaxila ekunene nasekohlo,
the oxen turned neither to the right nor
to the left.
i-Nxaxazo, n. 3. Beads, beadwork.
i-Nxaxeba, n. 2. The right hindquarter of
slaughtered bullock claimed by the chief
or one of his servants for him and eaten in
the fields away from the iiivzi; meat sent
by a superior chief to one under him.
u-Nxazonke, n. I. One who faces all sides;
see under i-Nxa.
Nxe I interj. I beg your pardon ! (when one has
trod on another's foot).
ukuti-Nxe, v. i. = uku-Nxenxhela.
uku-Nxenxezela, v. i. To miss a little;
fig. to ask favour, beg pardon, v. t. To
assuage, appease, pacify, comfort one
who has hurt himself or who is angry.
um-Nxenxezeli, n. 1. O.ie who asks
favour or pardon, makes amends for,
comforts, sympathises with.
i-Nxenxezelo, «. 3. ^
u-Nxenxezelo, «. 5. > Pardon, amends,
um-Nxenxezelo, n. 6. )
comfort, sympathy.
uku-Nxenxezelana, v. To comfort one
another.
— Nxeuxezelela, v. To ask pardon for:
ndazinxenxezelela rigenkotno enkosini eqii-
mb'ileyo, I sued for peace with a cow to
the angry chief; to sympathise with one
over an accident (ngengozi).
i-Nxeba, n. 2. A wound.
Phr. lala ngenxeha, lit. lie on your wound, i.e.
excuse me! pardon me!
i-Nxeba, «. 3. A corpulent man.
um-Nxeba, n. 6. The generic name for
the wild vine, Vitis, whose climbing stems
form the Monkey ropes used for binding
the thatch on hut-roofs and for basket-
making ; umnxeba wosana is the name of a
particular species. Dimin. umnxetyana,
little band, fillet, small piece of cord.
i-Nxekenxeke, «. 3. A hasty, foolish-
looking person with dishevelled clothes;
fig. puzzled, at a loss.
isi-Nxekenxeke, «. 4. One who is hasty,
put of breath from running.
NX
u-Nxelazana, ?/. i. A left-handed girl,
i-Nxele, n. 2. A left-handed person; an ox
with the left horn broken off; fig. a
person of doubtful character.
ubu-Nxele, n. 7. Left-handedness.
u-Nxengezi, w. I. A grass-warbler.
uku-Nxenxezela, see under ukutl-Nxe.
i-Nxenye, n. 3. (cf. i-Nxa). A part, portion :
yeza inxenye yabantwana, some of the
children came.
Ngenxenye, adv. Partly ibafika ngenxenye,
a part of them arrived; ngenxenye-nge-
nxenye, partly-partly.
Ngokuy inxenye, adv. In part: ktiba sisa-
zi ngokuyinxenye, for we know in part.
ukutJ-Nxi, V. t. To drink up, drain to the
last drop; to finish.
ukuti-Nxi and uku-Nxiba, v. t. and /. To
tie, bind, put on, e.g. to dress: basanxiba,
they are still dressing ; fig. hamnxiba ityala,
they accused him of guilt.
um-Nxibi, «. l. A clothier.
i-Nxiba, 7t. 2. (a) An unconverted native
who wears European clothing,
(b) = isi-Nxiba-mxaka.
isi Nxiba-mxaka, n. 4. One who wears
the um-Xaka; one who is marked,
honoured, decorated with an order;
a councillor.
i-Nxibo, 11. 3. Bond, fastening, tie.
i-Nxiba, n. 3. The penis-cap.
uku Nxlbela and Nxibelela, v. To tie;
to fasten to.
— Nxibelelana, v. To fasten to one
another. Used adv. In connection with :
kuko amagama matatu kwiiiteto yesi-Xosa
asetyenziswa ngokunxibelelene nelisiko lo-
kulobola, there are three words used in
Kafir in connection with the loboln custom.
uku-Nxila, V. i. To drink to excess; to be
intoxicated; to be tipsy.
i-Nxila, n. 2. A drunkard.
ubu-Nxila, n. 7. Drunkenness,
uku Nxilisa, v. To make drunk.
i-Nxili, n. 3. A bag for pipe and tobacco
worn on the side by women ; a bag full of
all kinds of goods.
um-Nxilo, n. 6. One of the two locks under
a goat's neck ; an ornament for the neck ;
point.
i-Nximbeya, n. T,.-i-Nxindeba.
uku Nximza, v. i. To h.is5;~uku-Futa.
i-Nxina, n. 3. Wild mint.
i Nxindeba, i Nxindebe audi Nxineba,n. 3.
The tip of a tobacco pipe, usually made
from the box thorn, um-Bom.
NX
isi-Nxininxini, n. 4. Anxiety, etc. ; = w/-
Tukutezi.
i-Nxiwa, n. 2. A deserted village, whether
the huts are still standing or not; ruins.
u-Nxoba, n. i. Small seed of Kafircorn.
isi-Nxdbd, n. 4. The thin membrane inside
an egg; fig. a covering, sheath, as a holster
for a gun, or a leather case for a box; dim.
isinxotyana.
uku-Nx6ka, v. t. To poke with a stick; to
thrust at; to excavate, search out; to sound.
— Nx6keka, To be searched out', vdanxo-
keka kwababevgandihuzi, I was inquired of
by them that asked not for me.
i-NxoIazwe, n. 2. A treaty of peace.
i-Nx6lo, n. 3. The front pieces of bone
around the eyes in a beast.
uku-Nxonxa, v. i. To lie on the back, with
the knees up.
uku-Nxdra, v. t. To dig, dig out; ^g. to ask
often and with an inimical intention.
uku-Nxotisa, v. t. To drink heartily to the
last drop.
i-Nxowa, 71. 2. A deserted village ; = /-
Nxiwa.
i-Nx6wa, n. 3. A bag, usually made of the
skin of a kid flayed whole; a sack; a
pocket. Phr. uyinxowa yamanzi, he is a
waterbag, i.e. he is a loafer; inxowa encmi-
lenze, lit. a bag which has legs, i.e. a hiding
place, because small articles were apt to
be lost in the narrow legs of a skin-bag.
Kreli's isibongo has tlie expression: hit'
enxowa enemilenze if ok' abasikwayo, kuba
ifihV abakwa-Pato nabakwa Sandili ; and
refers to the refuge afforded to thieves,
looking for whom was like looking for a
small article which had slipped into one of
the legs of a skin-bag.
u-Nx6wa-nkulu, «. l. A capitalist, a
millionaire.
i-Nxozi, K. 3. The fine inner bast of the
bark of the mimosa tree.
ukuti-Nxu, V. t. To dip something into the
contents of a dish, etc. : ndisite-nxu isandla
esityeni, I dipped my hand in the dish.
ukuti-NxO, 0. t. To beat with a stick continual-
ly.
uku-Nxuba, v. i. To feel alarmed and uneasy,
as a child does when a. strange person is
coming; to be under painful apprehension;
to be confused; to muse ; to be in a reverie.
ukuti-Nxubungu, v. i. To be restless.
i-Nxubuwa, n. 3. Decomposed wood used
for tinder : iiixtibuwa ycqiycj, tinder from
linen.
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uku-NxuIa, V. t. To lead a horse by the side
of another which is being ridden; to carry
something under the arm, on the hip or on
one side. v. i. To go by the side of another
person.
— Nxuleka, v. To be easily led by a
rider ; to be leadable, as a horse which
runs well beside another.
i-Nxuluma-mitet6, «. 3. A bye-law.
uku-NxuIumana, v. To be, go, lie, etc.
near or next to each other ; to be parallel
to, as two bullocks in a yoke : izindlu
zinxulumene, the houses are near each
other ; ndinxuhimene naye, I live next
door to him ; intombi ziyanxulumana
ukuhlala, the girls sit next to each other.
isi-NxuIumane, n. 4. That which stands
by or runs parallel with another thing.
uku-NxuIumisa, v. To set alongside for
comparison.
i-Nxuluwa, n. 3. Tinder ; = i-Nxubuwa.
um-Nxuma, n. 6. A hole, pit, cavity.
u-Nxu-mk6niana, n. 1. } -
i Nxu-mk6njana, «. 3. ] ^ P^^^O" o^"
thing that is helpless, uncared for, disre-
garded, unnoticed,
um-Nxunu, n. 6. A bullock with one horn,
the other being broken off.
adj. Odd, single, alone when there should
be a pair.
uku-Nxungupala, v. i. To be afraid, to look
round with uneasiness: into endinxungupala
yiyo indizele, that which I am afraid of has
come over me. n. 8. Terror.
— Nxungupalisa, v. To make afraid; to
frighten.
uku-Nxunxa, v. i. To have no fixed occupa-
tion, like a casual porter who carries things
from the stores for different people.
i-Nxiinxu, n. 3. The grysbok, Nototragus
melanotis (Thunb.), living in the enta-
Dotyeni, and in forests; fig. a porter who
has no fixed employment or work, but
follows passengers and carries their par-
cels or baggage.
uku-Nxusa, v. t. To mention prominently or
constantly; to act or speak in an indirect
way so as to conceal one's meaning or
intention.
— Nxusana, v. Unxusene nam, he rode or
walked near me, but always a little in
front.
uku-Nxusha, v. i. To do an act for the first
time; to be the first in doing a thing
(shooting, stabbing, etc).
i-Nxuwa, n. 3. A deserted village ; = ?.A^;f?w«.
299
NX
i-Nxuwa, n. 3. A hag; = iNxowa.
uku-Nxwala, v. t. To defy; to challenge to
combat or battle.
— Nxwalana, v. To defy each other to
combat, etc.
— Nxwalisa, v. To cause to defy, etc.; to
make obstinate.
ukutl-Nxwe, V. i. To be lonely, quiet : indawo
ete-tixwe, a lonely place; to make a noise.
isa-Nxwe, ». 4. A deafening noise.
uku-Nxwelera, v. t. To wound in a fight or
battle.
i-Nxwelera, «. 3. A wound, contusion; a
person wounded in war.
ubu-Nxwemnxwem, w. 7. Timidity: ndibu
nxwemnxivem, I am tim i.
uku-Nxwema, v. t. To oid, shun ; to keep
at a distance from : inkabi iyazinxwetna
ezinye, the ox avoids the others; sanxwe-
nywa ngimantsi, we were shunned by So
and so; fig. to touch only the outside of a
subject in a debate, or a case in court,
avoiding the main issue.
u-Nxweme, n. 5. The shore of the sea,
bank of a river ; loc. elunxivemeni, on the
shore.
i-Nxwenka, n. 2. A kind of bird.
ili-Nya, n. 2. Tightness, force, stress; earnest-
ness, seriousness, fervour.
ama-Nya, «. 2. pi. Folds of a garment,
wrinkles on the face.
ulu-Nya, n. 5. Malice. Phr. ulunya lubiza ohi-
nye, malice provokes or begets malice.
uku-Nya, v. i. To have a motion; to void
excrement : umniwana unyilc, the child had
a motion; uya kunya, he goes somewhere,
aside; fig. amafuta anyile, the butter has
come in churning. The 2 cl. pi. forms
resemble those in uku-Nyd.
— Nyela, v. To void excrement at, about a
certain place: ttnyele emhiabeni, he made
filth on the ground.
uku-Nya, t'. t- To steep, sink, put, set, plant
under or into water or the ground : basinyile
isikivebu somhoua emanzini sitambe, they have
put the maize-cob into the water that it
may become soft; amaselwa ayanyiwa em.
hlabeni, the calabashes are put under the
ground, with only their necks sticking out,
by which process they are hardened and
their contents decay, so that they can be
used as jugs; ivgubo zam ngat'i zinykve ema-
nzini, my clothes are as if steeped in water ;
ndawanya amahlamni emanzini, I soaked
the herbs in water; to germinate seed by
soaking it in water. The following forms
NY
2 cl. pi. are to be distinguished: abbrev. rel.
anyd, who or which steep; absol. past, anya,
they steeped; conj. past, anya, and they
steeped ; short pres., dnya, they steep.
— Nyeka, r. To become wet-.a/nasimiajiye-
kile, the gardens have taken in much water,
are soaked: ndinyekile, I have become wet.
—Nyela, v. To wet, moisten, pour water on,
irrigate, as a garden or lands by leading
water upon them, or plants by moistening
them from a watering pot.
ukuti-Nya, r. i. To disappear suddenly, from
company or otherv/ise: tu nyd betii, it is
completely gone, my friends; lento ite-nyd
pakati kivezinye, this thing has disappeared
or got out of sight amongst the others.
uku-Nyela, c (a) To slip away: unyel' iimci-
za, he ran away, absconded, (b) To be in-
jured, made lame by a blow, stroke, or
slip, (c) V. t. To punish, kill, for having
wounded another person.
— Nyelela, v. To depart silently and quiet-
ly, avoiding observation; to slip away
from a company without taking leave;
to do one's business entirely out of sight:
bahlangana naye wanyelela, when they
met him, he turned aside (as a dishonest
person or one fearing to be seen).
uku-Nyaba, v. i. To be spiritually dead;
to be without feeling; to be apathetic; to
be obtuse, unimpressible, indolent, inat-
tentive, thoughtless, careless, narrow mind-
ed, stupid, foolish: umntu onyabileyo, a
foolish person, n. 8. Folly.
i-Nyabi, n. 3. and isi-Nyabi, n. 4. A fool.
uku-Nyabisa, r. To make a fool of a
person, deceive him: uyazinyabisa, you
are deceiving yourself.
um-Nyadala, «. 6. A children's game with
the Pewula flowers; a great feast, tourna-
ment ; a competition or race : umnyadala
wamahashe, a horse race ; umnyadala
wabantwana, an examination of children.
uku Nyadula, v. i. To speak and act in an
angry manner without regard to decency
or decorum, used more especially of
women.
— Nyadulela, v. To act towards a person
without regard to decency.
— Nyadulelana, *'. To treat one another
unbecomingly.
u-Nyaka, n. I. The year; nonyaka, the
present year : ilaiiga libalele kakulu nonyaka,
the sun is very hot this present year 5
kwangunyaka ndifumana tidisebenza, a long
time I worked in vain.
3oo
NY
Nyaka and N> akana, conj. The year that,
i.e. when: nyakana bafikayo, when they
arrived.
Nyakenye, adv. About a year from now,
either last year or next year: ndikiihonile
nyakenye, I saw you about a year ago ;
ndoza kiiwe nyakenye, I shall come to you
about a year hence ; used as adj. ilanga
lanyakenye labalela kakulu, last year's sun
was very hot.
u-Nyakakaz?, adv. A long time ; long ago ;
adj. Very old.
um-Nyaka, n. 6. A year, the period of the
annual revolution of the earth round the
sun: iminyakn ngeminyaka, year by year;
umnyaka wesitatu, the third year ; iigemhiyaka
yendlala , in the years of dearth ; umnyaka
tvengxokolo, the year when the cattle-killing
mania was raging; sekuminyaka, many
years ago.
Nyakamnye, adj. The year before last.
uku-Nyakama, v. i. To become moist, wet:
iimhlaha unyakamile, the ground is moist or
damp. n. 8. Moisture.
ubu-Nyakama, n. 7. Moisture, dampness.
ubu-Nyakamafa, n. 7. Slight dampness or
moisture.
uku-Nyakamisa, v. To moisten: ndiwa
nyakamisile amazimba, I have put the corn
into the water to get soft.
Nyakamnye, see under um-Nyaka.
Nyakana, conj. When ; see u-Nyaka.
i-Nyakanyaka,M. 3. ^
isi-Kyakanyaka, n. 4. C "^ concourse,
ubu-Nyakanyaka, n. 7. )
or crowd of people swaying to and fro;
swarm; busy multitude, confused mass;
overabundance, profusion of meat or other
food. adj. Much.
uku-Nyakanyeza, r.t. To belittle, despise;
:=uku-Cukuceza.
uku-Nyakata, r. i. To eat much; to stuff
oneself.
— Nyakatisa, r. To press onwards in a
crowd; to urge oneself upon a person's
notice ; to press a person annoyingly with
conversation: nyazinyakatisa, he intrudes
himself into or meddles with every
matter ; he makes a great fuss about him-
self.
ukuti-Nyakatya, r. i. To-appear suddenly, as
a person looking into a hut.
uku-Nyakaza, v. i. To wave, move about
from side to side, to wriggle : iityani buyi
vyakaza, the grass is waving; fig. to be
restless, confused ; to wander in speech
to speak of what the heart does not know.
NY
-Nyakazela, r. To crawl, swarm, crowd
confusedly, as maggots on meat; to
move about in numbers ; to be in abund-
ance; to throng together: induli zinyaka-
zela ngabantu, the hills swarm with
people.
-Nyakazelisa, v. To make confusion,
cause disorder.
uku-Nyakaza, v. t. To give plentifully; to
buy a lot of things : akatengi uyanyakaza, he
is buying a lot of things.
—Nyakazela, v. To be plentiful : imrula
iyanyakazela, it rains plentifully; tiyaba-
nyakazela, he gives them plenty.
Nyakenye, adv. See under u-Nyaka.
i-Nyala, n. 2. generally in plural. Shame-
lessness, filthiness, indecency; that which
is disgraceful, immoral, vulgar; see uku-
Bumba. Phr. ngamanyaV enyoka, it is a
very bad or sad occurrence.
uku Nyala, v. i. Only used in the negative:
andinyali = ndihla, I generally, usually, am
in the habit of. adr. Not always.
uku-Nyala, v. i. To fill up, to stuff a bag (of
wool) ; to hammer down ; to tread down.
uku-Nyalasa and Nyalambisa, v.i. To walk
boldly, strut proudly; to be disrespectful
by going on while another is speaking; fig.
to despise the counsel or advice of others.
i-Nyalasa, v. 2. and i-Nyalasi, n. 3. One
who cares for nobody, who is proud, a
great man in his own eyes; one who is
stubborn, disobedient, disrespectful.
u-Nyale, n. 5. Non-existence, nullity.
Nyalulul interj. Look! he or it appears
unexpectedly.
i-Nyaluti, «. 3. The millet of Basutoland,
with small seeds. The aba-Mbo say that
its presence makes a garden fruitful.
um-Nyaluza, «. l. One who is false,
cunning, fraudulent, artful.
Nyama, um-Nyama, um-Nyama, ubu-
Nyama, see Mnyama.
ama- Nyama, w. 2. pi. (a) The flesh side of a
hide, (b; The scrapings or shavings of a
hide, when being dressed for leather. See
im-Bumba.
ama-Nyamanyamana, n. 2. pi. The dark
sides, bad points of a person.
i-Nyama, n. 3. Flesh, meat: inyama yam
isuk' ihamba, my flesh quivers, i.e. I shudder,
shiver; pi. iziiiyama, muscles.
i-Nyama yamakwenkwe, n. 3. Euphe-
mistic name for anthrax ; see in-Dila.
i-Nyamakazi, n. 3. Lit. big meat. Large
wild animals fit for food, such as ante-
lopes.
301
NY
i-Nyamazana, «. 3. Generic name for
all kinds of small animals or wild birds,
whose flesh is palatable.
uku-Nyamalaza, v. i. To have convulsions.
um-Nyamati, n. 6. The dog plum, Ekeber-
gia capensis Sparrtn.
um-Nyamazana, «. 6. Dusk, twilight: tigo-
mnyamazana, just after dark.
uku-Nyamazela, To crawl, swarm, etc.;
= uku-Nyakazela.
ukuti-Nyamba and uku-Nyamba, v. t. To
beat hard ; to inflict a wound : wenyamha
udiima cntloko kiiye, he wounded him on the
head.
i-Nyamba, w. 3. A blow: luiuma Iwenya-
tnba, the wound or scar caused by a blow.
i-Nyambalala, «. 3. A number of people or
animals.
u-Nyambusi, n. I. A species of plant.
uku-Nyambuza, v. t. To chew in an ob-
jectionable manner.
uku-Nyameka, t'. /. To be closely attentive;
to give constant and persevering attention
or heed; to take an interest ; to be concern-
ed; to care for with tender affection; to
take to heart; to bear or carry on the
heart : ukiizc banyatneke, that they may be
careful,
i Nyameko, «. 3. ) y^.,.
u-Nyaineko,«.5.3 diligence, earnest-
ness, zeal, attention, interest, carefulness.
uku-Nyatnekela, v. To take an interest
in specified things; to attend closely to;
to take to heart for; to tend towards in
the affections: usinyainekeJe tignlo lonke
olunyaineko, thou hast been careful for us
with all this care ; tiyamekelam izhito ezi-
pezulu, set your minds on the things that
are above ; bayanyaiiiekcla izinto ezisemhla-
heni, they mind earthly things.
i-Nyamekelo, n. 3. Enduring application
to an undertaking.
uku-Nyamekelana, v. To treat one another
with consideration, to care for one
another.
— Nyamekelela, %>. To take an interest
in for.
i-Nyameli, n. l. = i-Nynmezeli.
uku-Nyamezela, v. i. To endure, bear
patiently, persevere amid difficulties:
sit'i banoyolo ab.inyaiucziiayo, we call them
blessed who endure.
;/. 8. Patient endurance.
i-Nyamezeli, n. 3. A patient person.
i-Nyamezelo, n. 3. ") t> ..
u-Nyamezelo, «. 5. ] ^^tience, perse-
verance, endurance, fortitude: unyamezelo
luka-Yobi ruiluva, ye have heard of the
endurance of Job.
uku-Nyamezelana, v. To be patient with
one another.
— Nyamezeieka, v. To be endurable,
tolerable.
i-Nyamfuuyamfu, h. 3. Food overcooked
and therefore unpleasantly soft.
uku-Nyamnyeka, v. i. To feel well and
happy after having eaten; to be surfeited
from eating to satiety; to sit down, to rest
after fatigue; to be filled with joy, to be
overjoyed.
ama-Nyampepa, ti. 2. pi. Indecent, shame-
ful, dirty things.
u-Nyaiia, w. l. A son; unyana wesango or
wcxanti, a legitimate son; M?zyrt«a wfl?«rr2/-
bulo or (nvezemvaba (sc. inkotno), the eldest
son ; owezeselwa (sc. inkomo), the second son ;
uiiya/ia wamatumbu, the youngest or last son.
i-Nyanda, n. 3. A bundle or fagot of wood
tied up. Phr. inyand'amatye, a great number
of armies.
i-Nyanga, «. 3. (a) The moon. Her phases
are: iiiydnga etwasileyo or enisha, lit. the
appearing or commencing moon, i.e. new
moon; inydnga ehlaugeneyo or ezeleyo, the
full moon; inydnga eselwa or eseyiselwa, lit.
the moon overtaken by the morning, i.e.
the waning moon, also culled inydnga eqe-
kckileyo or cliccba, the broken moon; inyd-
nga efileyo, lit. the dead moon, i.e. last
month.
Phr. umafa evuka, njengenyanga, it dies
and rises again like the moon, said of a
matter that springs up again after it had
apparently been settled.
(b) The whole time of a lunar month ; a
month.
(c) euph. = M/«-Z/.
i-Nyanga nelanga, n. 3. 'The moon and
the sun', a children's game, analogous to
that known in Scotland as 'Here's the
robbers passing by' or 'Broken bridges
falling down'.
uku-Nyanga, v. t. (a) To heal by means of
medicines or charms; to enchant, charm,
e.g. to make warriors invulnerable, and
thieves undiscoverable; to repair, restore
(a fallen wall), (b) To beguile, deceive,
tell falsehoods.
um-Nyangi, n. i, i-Nyanga, n. 2, and
NY
i-Nyangi, n. 3. A doctor ; a professional
person who has been instructed in the art
of medicine and healing; who is likewise
a diviner, using incantations and enchant-
ments, without which no person is con-
sidered a competent doctor among Kafirs ;
inyangi yamayeza, a doctor of medicine;
inyangi yohibiila, a doctor of divination;
the latter is higher in rank; see uku-Bula.
Fem. inyangikazi.
isi-Nyango, «. 4. A charm worn on the
body to ward off evil, or to secure some
good.
ubu-Nyangi, n. 7. Sorcery.
isi-Nyangabila, «, 4. A powerful thing.
u-Nyangati, n. 5. Paste •,-=n-Ncangatt.
uku-Nyangaza, v. i. (a) To walk tottering
as under a burden, (b) To lurk about with
predatory intentions.
i-Nyangaza, n. 2. Robber, murderer by
witchcraft ; =^ i-Gqwira.
ubu-Nyangaza, n. 7. Robbery, murder.
ama-Nyange, n. 2. pi. The people of old;
elders, ancestors.
i-Nyango, n. 3. A store for corn, in the form
of a small hut erected on poles; fig. a place
of safety; height, high defence, tower; enya-
ngweni, in the highest.
um-Nyango, n. 6. Doorway, porch, passage,
entrance to a house, etc. ; loc emnyar.go, in
or at the entrance, doorway.
um-Nyanl, w. 6. The bushy ear of Kafircorn,
after the corn is thrashed out, or the male
flower of maize, used for sweeping; hence,
any shrub used as a broom. Phr. shiya
iwinyani, leave none alive, kill all.
i-Nyani, n. 3. The truth.
NyanI, adv. Certainly.
uku-Nyanisa, v. i. To speak or act truly,
uprightly, sincerely : abaniu abanyanisileyo,
truthful people, or people who speak the
truth; unyanisile ukutslw, thou hast truly
said. 11. 8. Uprightness.
i-Nyaniso, n. 3. and ubu-Nyaniso, n. 7.
Truth: 7idim inyaniso, I am the truth.
Used as adv. Truly, in truth : niiigaba fundi
bam inyaniso, ye are truly my disciples;
uteta inyaniso, you speak the truth, or you
say truly ; okwenyaniso, or okwenyani,
verily, truly, certainly, of a surety.
isi-Nyaniso, n. 4. A pledge; the first cow
brought, to prove his good faith in the
matter, by a man who is about to marry.
uku-Nyaniseka, v. To be true, certain;
to be faithful.
?(. 8. Faithfulness, sincerity.
303
NY
ubu-Nyaniseko, w. 7. Certainty, faithful-
ness, sincerity.
uku-Nyanisisa, v. To confirm, corrobo-
rate ; to give a pledge.
i-Nyanisiso, n. 3. and isi-NyanJsiso, n. 4.
Earnest pledge, troth; earnest money,
security.
um-NyanJa and um-Nyanjwa, n. 6. Phyto-
lacca stricta Hoffm., used as an emetic by
witchdoctors, for driving out the malady
with which a person is supposed to be
bewitched; also used for lungsickness and
for snakebite. In large doses it is poisonous.
uku-Nyantsula, v. i. To walk boldly ; = iiku-
Gantsula.
i-Nyantungo, n. 3. Em. = i-Nyaluti.
uku-INyanya, v. i. To be in fear, to be afraid-
isi Nyanya and isi-Nyanyanya, «. 4. That
which has existed from of old: isinyanya
samafu, the clouds of old. Phr. unaz' izi-
nyanya, lit. he has the ancients, he has great
power for good or for evil (through his
being in league with the ancients).
u-Nyanya, n. 5. Vigour, strength, reality;
unonyanya, the leader in dancing (uku-Xe-
ntsa) ; one who makes himself out to be a
doctor.
um-Nyanya, n. 6. Departed ancestor of a
chief, who was believed to appear to men,
especially to witchdoctors when commenc-
ing practice. When a chief went to war,
he was greeted: iminyanya mayikukangele,
may your departed ancestors have an eye
upon you, i.e. protect you I
uku-Nyanyata, v. t. To repeat, do again, as
pressing down wool, etc.
uku-Nyanyatela, v. t. from uku-Nyatela. To
tread or stamp down ; = iiku-Gangata.
e-Nyanyeni, h. 3. loc. An exposed place
where there is nothing; a desert, wilder-
ness.
uku-Nyanzela, v. t. To press together; to
squeeze; to fold by pressing; fig. to con-
strain, force, urge, compel to any course
of action by continued argument; to bring
the force of circumstances to bear on a
person, so as to induce him to a course of
conduct: uyazinyanzela, he forces himself.
— Nyanzeleka, v. To be compelled to a line
of conduct.
— Nyanzelela, v. To press or force into:
zvaye sezinyanzelela lonto, she was forcing
herself to do that thing, e.g. being present
in church to be admitted as a member
although her banns were being called
NY
that same day; to oppress: uii,pamhukcli
iizuugamiiyaiizckU pantsi, the stranger
thou shalt not oppress.
— Nyanzelelana, v. To oppress one an-
other.
i-Nyapdpd, «. 3. That which is bespattered,
soiled: wayinyapopo ligazi, he was covered,
red with blood.
i-NyafJni, //. 3. The red-shouldered glossy
starling, Lamprocolius phoenicopterus (Siv.),
the name being an attempt to reproduce
one of its cries.
uku-Nyasha, v. t. To force down into a
tube; to fill the bowl of a pipe for smoking;
to tread down (wool in a bag) ; to walk or
dress a skin by treading it with the feet
till it is soft, (the Kafir way of fulling or
milling raw skins) ; of sheep, to stamp,
trample with the feet.
um-Nyashi, n. I. One who treads down, an
oppressor.
uku-Nyashela, v. To tread down: main-
hunyashele paiitsi utshaba ubomibam, let my
enemy tread down my life to the earth.
i-Nyashawe, ;/. 3. A thing (needle, horse)
which disappeared, was lost, could not be
found for many days.
uku-Nyatela, v. t. To tread on, trample:
ihashc landinyatela, the horse trod on me ;
to run over: ndiiiyalelwe yinqwelo, I was run
over by a wagon. Phr. ndiiiyatelekuwe, I have
called on you, I begged of you; wanya-
tela umda, lit. he trod on the boundary, a
forbidden road, i.e. he embezzled, defraud-
ed; yanyatela ngobontsi, he (the boy) went
for another to fight with him; iinyatela pezu
kivam, you have defrauded me = iiku-Dla (b);
uyiiiyatclc, you stole it; undinyatele, he trod
on my toes, he gave me a hint.
i-Nyatela, v. 2, A footstep, a pace; fig. a
step (towards settling a difficulty).
uku-Nyatelana, v. To tramp one another.
Phr. bayanyatelana ngobontsi, they are
ready to fight.
— Nyatelela, v. To trample at a certain
place or for a certain purpose : halinyate-
lela pantsi ilizwi lam, they trampled down,
i.e. despised, my word.
— Nyatelisa, v. To cause to tread : ivandi-
nyatelisa ngehashe, he rode over me.
i-Nyati, w. 3. (a) The Cape buffalo. Bos
caffer Sparr.; fern, inyattkazi; fig. a very
strong, hard-working person : uyinyat'i, he
is as strong as a buffalo. Phr. isisele senyati,
the buffalo's mealie pit, i.e. great wisdom,
(b) A species of butterfly.
NY
ubu-Nyati, n. 7. The nature of a buffalo;
power, strength; coarse, rough character
and behaviour.
uku-Nyatshaza, v. i. To walk proudly ; =
iiku-Ndolosa.
ukuti-Nyatye and uku-Nydtya, v. t. To
devour, destroy utterly.
i-Nyaty6ba, «. 3. An awl.
uku-Nyauka, v. i. To draw in the feet,
move out of the way ; fig. to kill a great
number.
u-Nyawo, h. 5. The h jman foot ; unyawo
Iwemfene, (lit. the foot of a baboon) treason,
treachery, perfidy, fraud, insidiousness;
unonyawo, he has a foot, i.e. he is a wanderer,
a vagabond; maube nyawo ntle, may you
have beautiful feet, i.e. may you bring good
tidings (like a preacher); tat' unyawo! be-
gone ! nyawo zam, zvake wandenzela nto-nina!
my feet, what have you ever done for me I
(said by a man preparing to flee for his
life); mabangayitati ngenyaivo ezinkulu, let
them not take it with big feet, i.e. let them
not plunge headlong into it.
u-Nyawo Iwenkuku, «. 5. 'The. hen's
foot', a children's game played with a
piece of string on the fingers; fig. the
broad arrow or government mark (on
prisoners, etc.)
u Nyawo-ntle, w. l. A respectable or
welcome person; one who brings good
tidings; a minister of the gospel. .
um-Nyazi. n. 6. A kind of coarse basket
made of rushes, used as a fan or sieve
for winnowing corn, uninyazi wokwela.
Nye, Card. num. adj. used as predicate follow-
ing the pron. subj. of the different classes.
One, a unit (and no more) : ihashe linye,
one horse; unuittt omnye, one person; izi-
kwebii zipiima zeleni linye, the ears of maize
come out of one stock ; wafikisa isibeto esinye
or sibcto sinye, he brought on one plague ;
aba basebcnze ilixa lalinye, these have
wrought one hour ; kuya kubako iiviiyo ngo-
moni emnye, there shall be joy over one
sinner; ukuze bonke babe baiiye, that they
may all be one; mna no-Bawo siba-nye, I
and the Father are one. The pron. subj.
is left out when the noun is used without
the article : ngamxelo mnye, with one accord;
ngazwi nye, in one word; wenza vgagazi nye
zonke intlanga, he made of one blood all
nations; tmaliso linye, he has one eye;
abantu abalishumi elinamnye or elinanye,
eleven persons.
NY
Nye...nye, in the sense of " one . . . another " ;
plur, "some... others" takes the rel. pron.:
omnye walila, omnye ivahleka, one wept,
another laughed ; ahanye balala, ahanye ha-
sebenza, some slept, others worked; ezinye
(inkozo) zaiva endleleni, ezinye enceni, some
seeds fell on the road, some into the grass;
omnye nomnye, one and another ; ahanye nga-
banye, by ones, i.e. singly ; inkomo zapuma
ngazinye, the cattle came out singly; hite-
ngiswa izitya ngazinye, the dishes are sold
by ones, i.e. singly; wavuka seliyenye imini,
he rose when it was already another day;
xa amanye amakolwa, when the believers are
single, i.e. few ; into enganye, a single thing ;
see Nga 3.
In neg. sentences na is prefixed, eliding
the relative vowel, in the sense of "even":
akuko nalinye ihashe, there is not even one
horse ; andifumananga nasinye isitya, I have
not found even one dish ; see Na 2 (c).
Derivatives are:
1. Kanye, adv. (a) Once: yenza kuhe kanye,
do it once; akukanye lihlokoma ilizwi
lika-Tixo ezindlebeni zako, it is not once
that the word of God has sounded in
your ears.
(b) Effectually, decidedly: gqiba lento
kanye, do this thing effectually; nyakolwa
vgulomntu-na? erve, kanye, have you con-
fidence in that person? yes, decidedly.
(c) Entirely, altogether, quite, very:
kuhi kanye, it is altogether bad ; tidikohli-
siwe kanye, I am entirely, quite deceived ;
intaha yasuka yaliqina lalinye or kanye,
the mountain was very steep, steepness
itself; ndittgtwi-Temhu kanye, I am a
thorough Tambookie.
(d) Exactly : ndanibona kanye kulondawo
hesivumelene ngayo, I saw him exactly at
the spot where we had agreed to meet.
2. Nakanye, adv. Even once, (in negat.
sentences): andiyi kwenza lonto nakanye,
I will not do that thing even once, i.e.
never; wokuvtima-na? nakanye! will you
consent? no, never! uhesitt, ngunakanye
ndigoduke, he said, I shall never go home.
3. Kunye, adv. Together: tsalani kunye,
pull together; haseben&a kunye naho, they
worked together with them ; at the same
time: safika kunye, we arrived at the
same time : ngakunye, with one consent.
4. Ndaweni-nye, ndawo-nye, adv. To-
gether, in one place : baye bonke bendaivo-
nye, they were all in one place.
00
NY
5. Okanye, conj. Otherwise, else, or:
okanye aninamvuzo kuyihlo osezulwini,
otherwise ye have no reward of your
father in heaven.
6. Okukanye, adv. At once; utterly.
7. Okunye, adv. Otherwise: ttmntti onge-
nakunye, a person who never changes ; (cf.
Mb\) ; u-Kristu ugokunye uintanjiswa, Christ,
otherwise the Messiah; ngakunye, with
greater energy, by all means, properly.
Phr. umntu onokunye ongenakunye, a
person who is one thing to-day, and
another thing to-morrow ; oka koko, oku
kokunye, then it was thus, now it is
otherwise, i.e. people and times change.
conj. Or, once more, again: sakubona
ninina ulamhile, okunye unxaniwe? when
saw we thee hungry or thirsty? ^j^mmj^
ugokunye, with more and more (energy).
ubu-Nye, n. 7. Oneness, unity, unanimity.
adv. ngobunye, unitedly, unanimously;
with oneness of purpose.
uku-Nyebelela, v. t. To wish evil or that
someone may have a narrow escape; to
imprecate ; cf. uku-Qakatela.
i-Nyebelele, n. 3. Coldness.
ukuti-Nyebelele, v. i. To slip away : w«/l-
nyebelele u-Davide ehusweni buka-Saule,
David slipped away from the presence of
Saul.
uku-Nyebeleza, v. i. To withdraw, steal
away stealthily; to glide away as a
snake.
— Nyebelezela, v. To slide, sneak away;
to enter or withdraw stealthily, so as to
avoid observation ; to disappear suddenly.
— Nyebelezisa, i^. To bring in stealthily.
i-Nyebetu, n. 3. Foot and mouth disease
of animals.
uku-Nyeka, v. i. To look out, expect; to
look quiet when one does not know what
to say, or when he waits for an answer; to
lust or have secret desires after (a thing or
a woman) ; to look over the shoulder, so as
to observe what is taking place behind one ;
to look from side to side as ti-Qbnngqoshe
does.
— Nyekana, v. To have secret longings
after each other, manifested by ex-
pressive looks at each other ; to exchange
glances.
— Nyekela, v. To look quietly at : ndanye-
kela kuye, I looked quietly at him.
— Nyekisa, v. To cause another to look
to one, etc.
NY
i-Nyeke, «. 3. A person with a double or
hare-lip.
um-NyekendJane, n. l. A spy, detective.
i-Nyekevu, n. 3. A little creature that rolls
itself up when touched.
uku-Nyekeza, v. t. To open the leaves
covering a maize cob in order to ascertain
if it is yet eatable.
uku-Nyela, V. ^ To rail at.
— Nyelisa, v. To make odious; to abuse,
rail at, slander, defame, blaspheme.
A blasphemer.
um-Nyelisi, n. i
i-Nyeliso, ti. 3.
isi-Nyeliso, «. 4.
u-Nyeliso, n. 5.
ubu-Nyellso, n. 7. )
u-Nyeliswano, «. 5. Mutual recrimina-
tion; abusing or slandering one another.
uku-Nyeliseka, v. To be without taste,
insipid: uhiba ityuwa He yanyelisekn, if the
salt have lost its savour; to be odious.
Blasphemy.
i-Nyele, «. 2. and u-Nyele, n. 5. The outer
side or edge of a garden or forest.
um-Nyele, n. 6. The backbone, or anything
in a line or stripe on the back, as the
bristles on an animal's back, or a lion's
mane when raised in anger: uvttka umnyele,
he is angry; fig. the ridge of a mountain;
the milky-way in the sky; the middle of
the globe, the equatorial region.
i-Nyembe, n. 3. The small anov/ of the
Korannas ; a whistle ; a barbed hook.
uku-Nyembe!eka, v. i. To be in difficulty,
without plan or hope
ubu-Nyenibenyembe, ,.. 7. Ugliness, re-
pulsivencis; the disagreeable.
i-Nyembezi, w. 3. A tear.
uku-Nyenganyenga, v. i. To be loose.
— Nyenganyengisa, v. To loosen a
pole, fence or any fixture by shaking or
pulling it backwards and forwards ; to
dislocate or displace a stone.
ukuti-Nyenge, v. t. To slight or care very
little for ; to put quietly back anything
stolen, so as to avoid observation ; to put
down secretly.
uku-Nyengeza, v. To put out of the sight
of others, as a girl into the inionjane ;
= uku-Cwecw'isa,
i-Nyengelezi, n. 3. A kind of pole-cat or
£, muis-hond, probably the snake muis-1 on 1,
Poecilogale albinucha (Gray).
uku-Nyenyeta, v. t. To give a small quantity
of beer to one's workers, shortly after they
begin working.
306
NY
um-Nyenyet6, n 6. Kafir-beer given to
workmen.
uku-Nyenyisa, v. t. Em. To loosen, slacken a
chain, handcuff or band.
i-Nyenzane and i-Nyenzwane, 71. 3. (a)
The black cricket, Acheta domestica.
(b) The cicada, Lyena semiclara,
Nyetenyete, adj. Loose, very soft.
ubu-Nyetenyete, w. 7. Disagreeable wetness
of a substance.
uku-Nyevezela, v. L To shake in the limbs,
etc. ; = uhi-Gevezela,
i-Nyevu, n. 2. A kind of maggot used as bait.
uku-Nyevula, v. i. To make faces.
i-Nyewo, n. 3. Private talk about others ;
used esp. in the phrase : inyewo yakwamkwi-
kazi, talk of the mother-in-law's place
(which must not be repeated).
Nyewu, adj. Shy.
um-Nyewu, n. I. One afraid to be seen; a
shy person, a coward.
um-Nyezane, n. 6. Zuurbesje, Dovyalis
rhamnoides Burch. & Harv.
u-Nyezi, ;/. I. Early mormng, = ukukanya
kwempondo zenkomo.
ukuti-Nyi, v. t. and /. To tie very fast; to
pinion, handcuff; of the waist, to be narrow.
ukuti-Nyi, v. t. To proceed on, farther, a little
distance from one ; to add a little more :
watt-nyi kuye, endlwini, he proceeded a little
way from him, from the house ; to be gone ;
to have disappeared, not to be seen ; to pour
out a little more.
ukuti-Nyi, v. i. To be noticeable, observable,
worth remarking.
um-Nyi, n. I. A tanner who tans with lime.
isi-Nyi, n. 4. The bladder.
i-Nyiba, n. 3. A narrow way or pass.
adj. Narrow, strait.
Nyibiba, ;/. 3. The arum lily or lily of the
Nile, Richardia africana Kth.
uku-Nyibilika, v. i. To melt away; fig. to
lose one's charactei-, to go to the bad and
disappear.
— Nyibilikisa, v. To smelt; to cause to
melt away; to test or try,
um-Nyibiliklsi, n. I. A smelter.
uku-Nyibilikisela, v. To smelt or cast for.
i-Nyidilili, n. 3. Much sweat over the
whole body ; a large herd: inyidilili yegusha,
a large herd of sheep.
uku-Nyikanyika, v. t. To try awkwardly
and unsuccessfully to do something; to
fumble,
Nyikl, n. 3. A kind of caterpillar.
NY
ukuti-NYIKI, V. i. To cause pain; to pain:
uve kusitt-nyiki uhduiiywa, lie felt the bite
pain him.
uku-Nylkila, v. t. To pinch ; to kill a bird
by squeezing its neck.
— Nyikima, v. i. To shake, tremble, (said
of the earth when shaken by thunder or
by an earthquake).
i-Nylkima, n. 3. The great earthquake in
1851.
i-Nyikima, n. 2. and u-Nyikimo, n. 5. U-
nyikifno lomhlaba, an earthquake.
uku-Nylkimisa, u To make to shake or
tremble: ngesitonga sokuwa kwake ndazi-
nyikimisa intlaiiga, at the sound of his fall
I made the nations tremble.
— Nyikinya, v. t. To shake a man by the
shoulders or by the beard ; also = Nyeiiga-
nyengisa.
— Nyikiza, v, i. Of a thorn or needle in
the flesh, or of a broken bone, to be mov-
ing about : inaliti ndiyiva inyikiza engahve-
ni yam, I feel the needle moving in my
arm ; nang' ameva enyikiza esandleni sam^
here's the thorn pricking in my hand ; to
bump against each other, to push another
away.
u-Nyikizo, n. 5. The pushing and knock-
ing about of a crowd.
u-Nyikinyane, n. 5. used as adj. Fine, not
coarse.
Nylkinyiki, adj. Very soft.
uku-Nyikiza, v. t. or i. To increase ; used as
adv. Much (to do, give, eat, etc., much).
uku-Nyila, v. t. To push away with the arm.
— Nyilana, v. To push each other.
ukuti-xNyile, v. i. To come, enter, burst into
in great numbers or quantity, as cattle into
a kraal, or water in flood.
u-Nyileyo, n. I. The icterine seed-eater,
Serinus icterus ^F/^zY/.y.
ubu-Nyileyo, h. 7. Talkativeness.
i-Nyilikityawe, n. 3. A great slaughter, or
a great number killed by disease. Used as
adj. Grand, very much or many: too much
(esp. of beer).
worn by girls above the hips; a kind of
thong worn round the loins.
uku-Nyimbinya, v. t. To steal in large
quantities.
uku-Nyina, z». t. To try> prove, &tc.; = uku-
Ncina ; also, to contract, limit, restrict.
uku-Nyinata, v. i. To close or stop a hole,
so that it cannot be seen.
i-Nyinga, «. 3. Agrimony, Agrimonia eupa-
toria L. used for tapeworm.
NY
uku-Nyinga, v. t. To gird or tie so tightly
as to cause a depression in the part girded,
as a thong round the belly or round a wool-
sack.
— Nyinganyinga, v. To compress, make
smaller by tying.
— Nyingeka, v. To be narrowed in; of the
part bound, to be indented or depressed.
ukuti-Nyinyi, v. i. To whimper, cry in pre-
tence, as a bride does on leaving her
mother's kraal for her husband's.
uku-Nyinyisa, v. To let out, to allow a
rope held in the hand to lengthen slowly,
or a little at a time.
um-Nyinyisi, «. l. One who slackens,
eases: knho ndabn vjer.gomnyinyisi we-dyo-
kive emihlat'ini y o,l was to them as one
that takes off the yoke from their jaws.
uku-Nyinyiteka, v. i. To ooze out, perco-
late, as liquid through the pores or holes
of a substance ; fig. to be inclined, willing,
disposed, favourable to some course of
action.
— Nyinyitekisa, v. To cause to ooze out,
etc.; to rub in fat, make soft, pliant,
flexible; fig. to make willing, favourable.
um-Nyinyiva and um-Nyinyivana, n. 6. A
narrow strait, passage; fig. slight recovery.
isi-Nyiti, «. 4. Iron-ore, iron; ore of any
other metal.
u-Nyiwa, K. 5. A kind of small red bead.
Nyo, interj. The worst cursing between man
and man, see next word.
i-Nyo, n. 3. Vagina feminae. (A very ob-
scene word).
i-Nyoba, «. 3. A narrow path through the
forest : inyoba yohifa, death's door.
uku-Nyoba, v. t. To pay a fine for violating
a girl ; to pay a prostitute's hire.
um-Nyobo, n. 6. A gift (brooch, ring)
from a young man to his betrothed.
uku-Nyoba, v. i. To be elated; to feel
pleasant and joyous: unyoMle, he is enjoying
himself.
i-Nyobanyoba, n. 2. Golden syrup.
uku-Nyoblsa, v. To give joy; to make
happy.
um-Nyobe, 71. 6. An antiquated dress; (an-
cient word for in-Gubo).
i-Nyobi, n. 3. A kind of bird like i-Celu.
uku-NyobuluIa, v. t. To loosen a tied (shoe)
string, by drawing it through a hole.
i-Nyoka, n. 3. Generic term for snakes.
Snakes are believed to become helpless in
the presence of an umdlezana or a sucking
307
NY
child. Plir. uzetiz' inyoka, or uyinyoka, you
dissemble, disguise yourself; nok' ifileyo
inyoka, itambo layo lihlaba urnntu afe, though
a snake is dead, one of its bones may prick
a man so that he dies; i.e. a case that was
considered settled and dead may still cause
trouble. Dimin. inyokana, a little snake.
i-Nyok' abafazi, n. 3. 'The women's
snake', i.e. the snake with which they
takata. A limbless lizard, probably Aeon-
tias meleagris IL.), which, from the
similarity of head and tail, is believed to
have two heads.
i-Nyoka yasebusuku, n. 3. The night
adder, Causus rhombeatus.
i-Nyoka yomhlaba, h. 3. 'The snake of
the ground'. A limbless lizard that lives
under the ground, probably the same as
i-Nyok' abafazi.
u-Nyoko, n. I. Thy or your mother. Also
used as an imprecation or term of abuse,
like 'your grandmother' in Eng., but more
vituperative: ityakiifana nonyoko, you are
going to be like your mother, i.e. you are
going to be in a difficulty, you'll be a changed
person; ndiyaktibeta ufane nonyoko, I'll beat
you that you'll be like your mother.
u-Nyokokazi, Thy or your aunt.
u-Nyokokulu, Thy or your grandmother.
u-NyokoIume, Thy maternal uncle.
u-Nyokozala, Thy mother-in-law, i.e.
mother-in-law of the wife.
uku-Nyokonya, v. t. To poke with a stick;
= uku-Xokonxa.
isi-Ny6la, n. 4. A useless horse which has no
speed or swiftness.
um-NyoIo, w. 6. One who goes alone, be-
cause afraid to go with others: aboni abayi-
minyolo, sinners who are afraid.
ubu-Nyolo, n. 7. Theft, thievishness,
i-Ny6loba, n. 3. The neck joint.
isi-NyoloIwane, n. 4. The big muscle of the
upper part of the arm.
i-Nyolonyolo, n. 3. A valley.
uku-Nyoloza, v. i. To move quickly towards
an object.
Nyolunyolu, adj. Greedy.
uku-Nyoluka, v. To have a stretched-out
neck ; to be fond of food, to be greedy.
um-Nyoluka, w. 6. A stretched-out neck.
uku-Nyolula, v. t. To draw out what is
slack, as cotton from a reel; fig. to
despise ; unyolula uinqala, he stretches out
his neck, i.e. is proud.
— Nyolulela, v. To raise oneself in the
saddle when riding.
308
NY
uku-Nyomba, - uku-Metsha.
uku-Nyombola, v. i. To go or flow slowly,
a little.
i-Nyomb6lo, n. 3. A red person; a blood-
like redness.
uku-NyombuIula, 7'. /. To disentangle, etc.;
= tiku-Combulula.
uku-Nyomla, v. i. To grin.
uku-Nyona, v. t. To point with the finger in
a person's face, so as to annoy and irritate
him by the gross insult which is thus be-
stowed upon him.
isi-Nyono, n. 4. The offence committed by
pointing with the finger towards another
man's face.
uku-Nyondla, v. i. To glance or peep from
behind a screen, round a corner, or through
a cleft or chink or between the fingers, as
circumcised boys do, who are forbidden to
look at females as long as they are in isutH.
When they are released it is said of them:
ayazinyondla, they are facing new difficulties,
they are entering upon man's estate. To pry
into (a trap to see if anything is caught); to
look sharply, closely, narrowly after an
object.
i-Nyondonyondo, n. 3. Evil thoughts and
habits attributed to some one ; slander.
Nyonga, n. 3. The hip-bone.
u-Nyonga, «. 5. Pain in the hip-bone, which
causes halting: iinonyonga, he has pain in
the hip. Phr. imanyonga anjanina! it is
despicably worthless.
i-Nyongo, w. 3. Gall, bile; gall-sickness in
cattle. See iiku-Kupa.
When a sheep is killed, the gall is poured
into the isandlwane, which is then roasted
and eaten by the man who prepares the
carcase.
i-Nyongwane, n. 3. Dicoma anomala
Sond., a medicinal plant used for gall-
sickness and stomach disorders.
uku-Nyongoba, v. i. To crawl; to go slowly;
fig. to act slyly.
i-Nyongobila, «. 3. That which is fearful,
deep and dark ; = isiziba satnanzi.
um-NyonkoIo, n. 6. The colon.
ama-Nyonyana, «. 2. pL Disturbance, per-
turbation: urnzi umanyonyana, the village is
disturbed ; intliziyo imanyonyana, the heart is
perturbed, with pain.
uku-Nyonyota, v. i. To move or run side-
ways, as a baboon when chased by dog?.
Nyop6nyopd, «. 3. That which is disorderly,
entangled, confused.
NY
i-Nydfolo, n. 3. A person blinded in one eye
by another person.
i-NyosI, n. 3. A bee; indlu yenyosi, a bees'
nest, a hive. Phr. zingena pina inyost?
where are the bees going out and in, i.e.
where is the beer-drink going on ?
uku-Nyot6la, v. i. To be drunk, intoxicated.
uku-Nyotula, v. t. To pluck out, pull up a
plant ; to pull out hair by violence ; = Ncotula.
u-Nyovu, «. 5. A hash made of meat and
corn.
uku-Nyovula, v. t. To walk tramping
heavily, or with difficulty, as on muddy
ground, cf. uku-Xovula; fig. to speak con-
fusedly; to abuse and annoy perseveringly.
ukuti-Nyu, v. t. To push suddenly with force.
V. i. To walk alone.
um-NYU, M. 6. A modern article, new goods,
fr. Eng. new.
uku-Nyubela, v. i. To skulk, sneak, slink.
uku-Nyubula, v. i. To laugh like a child, or
like a person who has no teeth.
uku-Nyubuluka, v. i. To crawl, creep away;
to be loose.
ukuti-Nyubululu, v. i. To move as a snake;
to be coiled up.
uku-Nyuka, v. i. and t. Past tense, wenyiika
(a becomings under the influence of the u).
To go or come up, move upwards, ascend
(a mountain); climb (a tree): wayinynka
intaha, he ascended the mountain. Phr.
isikuni sinyuka nomkivezeli, a brand burns
him who stirs it up, i.e. let sleeping dogs lie.
isi-Nyuko, n. 4. An ascent, acclivity, stair-
case; pi. the steps of a staircase.
uku-Nyukanyukana, v. To dispute, quar-
rel, fight : banyukanyjikana nam, they dis-
puted with me.
— Nyukela, v. To ascend or climb to or
on a certain place.
NY
ubu-Nyukunyiiku, n. 7. Filthiness.
uku-Nyiikutya, v. t. To push, cuff.
uku-Nyula, v. t. To beat with the wrong
end of a stick ; - uku-Pobola.
uku-Nyula, v. t. To bring up from a lower
place, e.g. to draw out of the water with a
stick something that has fallen into it; fig.
to choose, elect from a number : ndaninyula
kulo ihlahatt, I chose you out of the world;
asinhii euanyula mna, you have not chosen
me.
um-Nyulwa, n. I. A chosen one.
u-Nyulo, «. 5. Election, choice.
uku-Nyuleka, v. To be clean, chosen, etc.
— Nyulela, v. To choose for: wazinyulela,
he chose for himself.
Nyulu, adj. Clean, pure, chaste.
ubu-Nyulu,n. 7. Cleanness, purity, chastity.
Nyulushe, adj. Clean, spotless.
u-Nyulushe, n. I. God as the spotless,
pure and holy one.
uku-Nyulufa, To push, etc.; uhiti-Nyii.
i-Nyumbd, «. 3. An impotent man; a barren
animal.
uku-Nyumbanyumbil, v. t. To tickle ; = «;&«-
Ctitnhacmnba.
uku-Nyumnyeka, To feel happy, etc. ; = uku-
Nyanmyekn.
i-Nyumnyezl, «. 2. An abomination, horror.
i-Nyungu, n. 3. Of animals, the pricking
up of the ears from fear or uneasiness
about what is coming ; fig. suspicion,
disquietude, trouble over a misdeed or
impending danger: uwinyungu yanif of
what are you atraid ? said to a Kafir who is
trying to intercept others from coming to
the chief or missionary.
i-Nyufafa, n. 3. A lazy person, etc. ;-=i-
Nyukanga.
uku-Nyusa, etc. ; see under uku-Nyuka.
-Nyusa, v. t. To raise, lift upwards, j i-Nyushu, n. 3. A species of cobra, a danger-
bring or lead higher ; to cause to ascend ous snake ; also used of any poisonous snake,
or climb; in the passive used with ^iku-Sa: \ Fig. a person slippery in his actions.
sinyvswa isitya sishca pezulu, the vessel is ! i-Nyutunyutu, n. 3. Dirt which sticks fast,
lifted upwards ; to magnify one thing at \ does not easily come off.
the expense of another; to offer up i-Nywagi, n. 3. The large spotted genet,
Genetta tigrina (Schreb.), and the small
spotted genet, G. felina (Thunb.). Phr.
deda mUangala enyaweni Iwenywagi, give
way to your betters.
uku-Ny walaza, v. i. To dissemble ; to act
deceptively; to pretend to be what a per-
sacrifice (from the Jewish idea),
um-Nyusi, ti. i. One who lifts up.
uku-Nyuseka, v. To be raised, lifted up.
— Nyusela, v. To lift up to, to cause to
climb up to ; to offer-up for.
i-Nyukanga, w. 3. A lazy, inert, languid,
useless fellow.
Nyukunyuku, adj. Smooth, slippery.
i-Nyukunyuku, n. 3. A very dirty person or
thing, adj. Dirty, ragged, negligent, lewd.
309
son is not, e.g. to show great zeal where
the heart is not engaged; to assent with the
mouth but not with the heart; to be a
hypocrite.
NY
um-Nywa!azi, n. i. A dissembler.
uku-Nywanywela, v. t. To bribe, coax,
flatter.
ukuti-Nywashu, v. i. To rise and go away.
i-Nyweba, it. 3. Happiness, fortune, good
luck; that which befalls, one's fate.
uku-Nywebelela, v. t. To wish good
luck in a sarcastic way, which a Kafir does
not like, as he regards it as predicting or
wishing evil.
uku Nyweleza, To bribe, QXc.;-iik!i-Nyiva
nywela.
i-Nywelezo, ?/. 3. ) -r-i .. , , .•
u-Nywelezo, ;;. 5. 3 Flattery, adulation,
coaxing, bribery; the art of putting
things in such a light as to bring over a
person to the views of the speaker.
uku-Nza, V. t. Em.- ukw-E/iza; ndonza, I
shall do.
izi-Nza, ;/. 5. pi. Pubic hair.
uku-Nzabela, v. t. To tie a piece of skin
round the wrist for the purpose of getting
luck in hunting, or as a mark of distinction;
hence, to appoint, m^rk out: yamnzubcla
iiiseku, he marked him out as a hero; uku
iizabela ubomi ohiuigitiiapakade, to gain
everlasting life.
izi-Nzabela, n. 4. pi. Teeth, horns, etc.
tied round the wrists; ornamentations.
um-Nzaluka, n. 6. One white hair in the
head.
um Nzalukana, n.6. Remnant, leavings; a
worthless thing; an unfruitful garden,
i-Nzeku, //. l. = in-Zckn.
i-Nzembenzembe, n. 3. Looseness of flesh
arising from corpulence: leiikabi inzembe-
nzembe, this ox is very fat, has the fat hang-
ing loose on him.
u-Nzeyi, n. I. A kind of bird.
ama-Nzl, n. 2. pi. Water ; = c7m-A>izt.
ukuti-Nzi, V. t. To strike hard in beating a
person or animal : wanditi-7izi eniloko, he
struck me a heavy blow on the head ; ilanga
lite-nzi, the sun burns or is intensely hot,
(accompanied with stillness of the air) ; to
have a noise in the ears when the air is
quiet, like the chirping of the cicadae.
i-Nzikinzane, n. 3. Soreness between the
toes.
Nzima, adj. Heavy, ponderous, weighty:
ilitye linzima, the stone is heavy; umtwalo
onziina, a heavy burden; wayenzima nge-
mfiiyo, he was rich in stock; wajika enesi-\
hlwcle esinzima, he arrived with a very
large train; ilizwi elinzima, an important,
waighty word; ityala elinzima, a difficult 1
NZ
law case; indlu iiizima, the house is well
furnished; lendawo inzima kiiwe, akunaku-
yeuza ngokwako, this matter is too difficult
for you, you are not able to perform it
yourself alone; indlala ibinzima ezweni,
the famine was sore in the land; utnfazi
unzima, the woman is advanced in preg-
nancy; intliziyo yam inzima, my heart is
heavy from sorrows or cares, i.e. sorrow-
ful; dimin. nzinyana, a little heavy.
iibu-Nzima, n. 7. Heaviness, weight;
richness, honour, consideration, impor-
tance, respectability; ndinobunzima, I am
in heaviness (of soul or mind), I am
suffering.
i-Nzimba, n. 3. One who acts indifferently.
ukuti-Nzlngi, v. i. To be in the heat of
dancing.
i-Nzinlns, Noise, etc.; = i-Nzwimm.
i-Nz3n3ya, «. 3. A wagon-whip.
i-Nzlnziniba, n. 3. Wild balsam, Lippia
asperifolia Rich., used for cold, cough,
measles, influenza, inflammation of the
lungs.
i-Nzinzwa, ». 3. A blanket or other article
of clothing that is thick and strong.
u-Nzip6nde, ?i. l. lit. long claw^s. The
spring-hare, Pedetes caffer (Pallas).
ukuti-Nzo, (a) v. t. To fix the eye or
attention steadily upon an object: waliti-
nzo iliso pezu kwake, he fixed his eye upon
him. (b) V. i. To walk or run with all
one's vigour straight forward.
i-Nzolongo and i-Nzongo, n. 3. A very
deep, black place.
i-Nzongonzongo, n. 3. The deepest, inner-
most, darkest part of a forest; the dark
depths of water.
i-Nzonzobila, n. 3. Very deep, black water ;
fig. umniti oyinzonzobila, an unfathomable
person.
uku-Nzonza, v. i. To waste away, become
smaller; to diminish, deteriorate, as a
person in bad health; to get less, as water
in a leaking vessel ; of trousers, to be tight
at the knees and wide towards the feet.
u-Nzonza, n. I. Trousers narrowing to the
knee and widening out towards the feet.
um-Nzonzo, ;;. I. A person with very
thin legs, the calves of which are without
flesh ; fig. deep, painful thought.
uku-Nzonzeka, v. To be wasted away,
etc.: intliziyo yam inzonzckile, my heart
feels pain.
N2
— Nzonzoteka, v. To fall off, pine away,
linger in pain.
i-Nzotsholo, w. 3. One too forward in his
behaviour.
Nzulu, adj. Deep: tnntdmbd unzulii, the well
is deep ; tikvandle olunzulu, the deep sea ; of
a child, precocious ; of a person, deep, i.e.
keeping silence regarding a thing, though
he knows it ; fig. inzulu yendoda, the man is
well learned, adv. ngokunzulu, deeply.
i-Nzulu, n. 3. and ubu-Nzulu, n. 7. Depth.
bu-Nzulufa, adj. Somewhat deep.
uku-Nzulumba, v. t. To throw into the
water.
— Nzulumbeka, v. To sink down: banzii-
lumbeka emanzini, they sank down in the
water.
— Nzulutnbela, v. To throw into.
i-Nzungu, n. 3. 'DQ^Xh-, ^g. inzungu yenteto,
depth of speech ; = i-Nzo»go.
imi-Nzunzu, n. 6. pL Temb. Deep, anxious,
and painful thought.
i-Nzwana, «. 3. A handsome, fine-looking
man ; that which is beautiful in appearance ;
soft to the touch as fine cloth : lomntwana
yinzwana, that child is beautiful; dimin.
inzwanana, a little beauty.
Phr. akuko nzwan' engenasipako, the hand-
somest man has some defect, i.e. we all
have our failings.
A beautiful and
NZ
i-Nzwakazi, «. 3. ]
i-Nzwanakazi, n. 3. J
fine-looking woman.
ubu-Nzwdna, n. 7. 1 -o ^ r^
ubu-Nzwakazi, i. 7.] beauty, softness.
Nzwangal i/tterj. Stillness! dead silence!
twipu nte-nzwanga, tht gun missed fire.
ukuti-Nzwe, v. t. To fill.
um-Nzvvl, w. 6. (a) The level rays of the
I'ising or setting sun: uinnzwi wele:nha, a ray
of hope; fig. the pangs of hunger. i,bi The
breathing of one who is expiring; agony ; =
imi-Nziinzu.
ukuti-Nzwi, V. i. To sound loudly in the ear.
Phr. nditiwe-nzivi yitiipuhane eluhlaza, I
heard from a green fly, i.e. I heard a scan-
dalous report or rumour. Cf. ukuti-Nzi.
isa-Nzwili, w. 4. (a) Noises in the ear; a
deafening sound : ttdifike abaritwana benze
isanzwili belila, I found the children mak-
ing a deafening noise with crying, (b)
The Ant-eating chat, Myrmecocichla
formicivora (VieilL).
tNl.^r„T„'i,';;.tl sound to ,he ear from
noise, or from the chirping of the cicadas,
when intense stillness and heat reign;
bustle, lamentation.
o
r\ has three sounds; it is (a) short, like 0
^-^ in canto: nalo utando, there is love; this
is its ordinary sound in an unaccented
syllable ;
(b) long, somewhat like 0 in bone, but not
so rounded : olu, this ; nbdmi, life ; this sound
occurs when the vowel in the following
syllable is / or u ;
(c) broad, as a in all: wona, it; this sound
occurs when the vowel in the following
syllable is a, e, or 0.
O is changed to w to harmonize with the
vowel following: tigokwamandla am, accord-
ing to my strength ; ngokwezibalo, according
to the Scriptures.
O is I. the plural of nouns I cl. which have u
in the sing.: ubawo my father, obaivo our
fathers; ukutnkatti king, okiimkani kings.
2. the Rel. proit. (a) I cl. sing.: umtitii
ohamhayo, the person who walks, or the
walking person ; (b) 6 cl. sing. : timt'i ohhi- j
31
mayo, the tree which grows, or the growing
tree ; (c) 2 p. sing. : ihashe olifunayo, the
horse which thou seekest.
When the antecedent noun is used with-
out the article, the Pron. subject is used
instead: mntn utetayo, man who speakest;
lomi'i u/dumayo, th3.t tree v.'hich grows ; aku-
ko mntu utigajiyo, there is no one but dies.
3. (a) As such Relative it expresses the
Possessive : umntu ohashe iidilaziyo, the man
whose horse I know ; umti omaggabi avga-
ishaziyo, the tree whose leaves do not die
from cold.
(b) Before Nouns whose prefix com-
mences with u and Pi-onouns referring to
snch nouns, it renders the possessive rela-
tion more emphatic and distinctive: owake
iimiiiwana, his child; otvomtitu iimtt, the
vian's tree; oycna muhvana mncinane, the
very small child, the smallest child of all ;
owoua mti ubolileyo, the specially rotten tree,
OB
the most rotten of all, in contradistinction
to others.
4. Pat before the plural instead of the
article it expresses a collection, " such as":
wadala ominenga mikulu, he created such
things as great whales; watanda otnidudo
nozintlomhe, he liked such things as dances
and night parties; amaramticwa angozincuka
nozingwe, wild beasts like hyenas and leo-
pards.
5. Following the Representative Letter
of the noun or pronoun it expresses in
numerals "both, all three, etc.": i'lna soba-
bini, we both; nina nobatatu, all three of
you; abantti bobabmi, both persons; izicaka
zozitatu, all three servants.
6. It is the characteristic letter of the
Cond. Future Tense : ndodla, I shall eat, i.e.
under certain circumstances ; bobaleka, they
will run; amadoda ozingela, the men will
hunt.
O ! (short) interj. of surprise : 0 nanku ! there
he is!
Oba, Contrac. from Obuya, dem. pron. 7 cl.
Yonder.
is-Oba, n. 4. A sugar plantation.
Obo, dem. pron. 7 cl. That : ohobuso, that face.
Obona, pi-on. emphat. ; see Bona.
Obu, I. dem. pron. 7 cl. This: obubukulu,
this greatness.
2. rel. pron. 7 cl.: utyani ohuhle, pasture
which is good, i.e. good pasture ; ubukumka-
ni obvkiulu, the great kingdom.
3. poss. pron. 7 cl.: iitywala obumandla
makiilu, beer whose strength is great, i.e.
very strong beer. It is used also as empha-
tic poss : obuka-Kama ubukumkani, Kama's
kingdom.
uk-ObuIa, ;;. /. Em. ukw-Ebula. To fiay an
animal: bayobula inkabi, they skinned the
ox; to bark a tree; to flog violently so as
to break the skin.
— Obuka, V. i. Em. ukw-Ebuka. To peel off
in patches, as the skin, or the bark of a
tree: isandla sam siyobuka, the skin of my
hand peels off.
— Obuza, V. i. = uk-Obula.
ul-Obuza, n. 5. The external, transparent
skin of all hairless animals.
Obung;a, A^^^. of Obu 2. Ubude obungaliriga-
nisiweyo, a length which has not been mea-
sured.
Before ka, ko and na, obmiga becomes
obnnge: ububanzi obungekalinganiswa, a
breadth which cannot be measured; see
Bunga.
OB
Obunye, adj. 7 cl. One, another, other: obu-
nye ubukumkani bukitlu, obunye bimcinane, one
kingdom is great, another is small; see Nye.
Obuya, contrac. oba, dem. pron. 7 cl. Yonder:
ubuhlaiiii obuya, the cattle fold yonder.
Odwa, adj. 2 cl. pi. They alone or only:
amadoda odtva, the men only ; see Dwa.
uk-Ohlwaya, v. t. To set right, reprove,
rebuke, punish by word or deed ; to express
displeasure with another, reflex, form : wa-
zohlwaya ngenxa yezono zake, he reproved
himself for his sins, i.e. he repented of his
sins.
um-Ohlwayi, n. I. A reprover.
is-Ohlway o, /;. 4. Reproof, rebuke, punish-
ment.
uk-Ohlwayela, v. To punish for or at a
certain place: apo bohlwayelwa kona,
where they were punished.
uk-Oja, •!). /. To bake; to roast maize, etc.
Phr. ukoj' umnga, to become faithless, false.
um-OJi, n. I. A baker; one who roasts
meat.
Oka, contract, from okuya, 8. cl. Yonder:
okakudla, the food yonder.
uk-Oka, 1;. /. Em. To take fire from one
house to another ; to take a brand from one
fire to light another.
um-Okl, «. I. One who makes a quarrel
and carries it to other people; Em. a
friend.
uk-Okela, v. To bring upon oneself: ndizo-
kele utiili, I brought myself into trouble.
— Okdiana, v. Fig. bayokelana umlilo, they
have friendship with each other, which is
shown by taking fire from each other's
houses, or by giving things to each other.
um-OKI, n. 6. Oak tree, fr. Eng. oak.
Okanye, conj. Otherwise, else, etc.; see
Nye 5.
Oko, (a) dem. pron. 8 cl. That: o\i.okutanda,
that love; isigqaliso soko, attention to that;
/20ko, and that; tidatahata oku «oko, I took
this and that ; ngenxa joko, on account of
that, therefore ; see i-Nxa.
Oko, (b) conj. of time, more definite than
xeshikuieni. At that (past) time, when: oko
bendise-Qonce, at the time when I was at
King William's Town. adv. Then. Phr.
oko koko, namhla kunamhla, then was then,
now is now, i.e. new masters have new
rules.
kwa oko, adv.. At that very time ; imme-
diately: lahlambiiluka kwa oko iqenqa laki,
and straightway his leprosy was cleansed.
Compounds of Oko are:
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0K
1. Koko, cenj. But that, only: ehit't koko,
wherefore.
2. Kuloko, conj. But that, only that, but,
notwithstanding: bendiya kuyenza lonto
kuloko ndixakekile, I would do that, but
that I am hindered; ingwe if ana nekati,
kuloko yona inkulu, the leopard is like a
cat, only that it is larger; naye ninjalo
inxenye, kuloko nahlanjululwayo , and such
were some of you, but ye were washed.
3. Kuseloko, contracted from Kususela
koko. prep. From, from that time, since :
kuseloko obawo balalayo ukufa, from the
day when the fathers fell asleep ; kuseloko
wemkayo kowabo, from the time he left
home; naseloko wateiayo kum, and since
thou hast spoken unto me.
4. Kuseloko, adv. Always.
5. Ngoko, contrac. from ngako oko, conj.
Therefore : ke-ngoko buya, therefore now
return; kungoko nditi, wherefore I say.
6. Njfoko, conj. According as: lipulapule
izwi lam ngoko ndikuwisela umtelo ngako,
obey my voice according to that which I
command.
prep, (a) According to; just so, in that
manner: ngokomtcto, according to law;
ngokwamandla am, according t
power; ngokwezibalo, according to the
scriptures, (b) By : ngokwam, by myself
ngokivake, by himself; and. so on through
all classes, (c) At: ngokwesibini, at the
second time; ngokivcsitatu, at the third
time, etc.
Kwangoko, adv. At once : kwangoko iisuke
wayibamba indicia, he rose immediately
and took the road.
Ngokoko, k-wangokQko, = kwangoluhlo-
bo, lit. by being so, accordingly : ngokoko
wokwazi wena, by this (means) thou shalt
know; ngokoko ndokumisa ube ngumgcini
ivam, accordingly I shall make thee my
keeper.
Njengoko, conj. Accovd.mgas:nde7tze nje-
ngoko wateta ngako him, I have done as
thou hast told me.
7. Noko, <:oH7. (a) AXihoMgh.: noko nditetayo,
abayi kupiilapula, though I speak, they
will not listen; noko abe butyebi, though he
be rich; siyasebenza noko inayo irnvula,
we are working although it is raining,
(b) Notwithstanding, nevertheless, yet,
however : ndiya kuhamba noko, I shall go
notwithstanding; asiniti noko ekungade
kutiwe abantu bap'tla ngazvo, it is not a tree.
OK
however, that people could just be said
to live upon.
This noko is not to confounded with
noko, and that ; see Oko (a),
Okokuba, co^j. That, in order that, etc.;
see uku-Ba I. B.
Okokuze, conj, In order that, etc.; see uku-Za.
Okbna, pron. emphat. 8 cl. with relative; see
Kotia.
Oku! interj. An exclamation of pain or
annoyance.
Oku, (a) dem.pron. 8 cl. This: okukudla, this
food, (b) rel.pron 8c\.: ukudlaokupekiiveyo,
food which is cooked, (c) poss. pron. 8 cl. :
ukudla okusongo simnandi, food whose taste
is delicious; in emphatic form: oky/ake
ukudla, his food; okyfeuko7no ukutya, the
cattle's food.
Its compounds are :
1. Kaloku, adv. Now (of circumstance):
ndiyazi kaloku ukuba nitunyiive yinkosi, I
know now that you have been sent by the
chief; nakaloku, and now, even now;
okwakaloku, according to our present
circumstances; (of time) kaloku-nje, just
now, at the present time.
Kakaloku, At once, forthwith, this
moment.
2. Kekaloku, conj. Now, but, (introducing
a new idea or sentence).
3. Ngoku, adv. Now (of time), at present:
indoda onayo ngoku asiyeyako, the husband
whom thou now hast is not thine.
Kwangoku, Immediately, at the very
(present) time: iimkombe wausa kuzala
kivangoku, the ship was going to be full
of waves immediately.
Na ngoku, Even now, at this time : nango-
ku ndisatsho, even now I still say so; kuza
ilixa, nangoku seliko, the hour comes and
now is.
Kwada kwangoku, inangoku, una-
ngoku, Till now.
Okuk6na, conj. The more, the longer, con-
sequently ; okukona — okukona, the more — the
more ; see under Kona.
Okunene and Okvvenene, adv. Indeed,
truly, used in admissions, giving in, con-
firming, etc. ; see i-Nene.
Okunga, iieg. of Oku (b): ukudla okungavuti-
weyo, food which has not been boiled
sufficiently; before ka, ko and na, okunga
changes into okimge ; see Kunge.
Okunye, (a) adj. 8 cl. One: okunye ukudla
kumnandi, okunye kubi, one food is delicious,
PP
313
OK
another bad. (b) conj. Once more, etc.;
see Nye 6.
Okuya, contrac. oka, (a) dent. pron. 8 cl.
Yonder: ukuhva okuya, yonder fight, (b)
conj. At that (past) time: okuya iidafikayo,
when I arrived long ago, that time I
arrived ; asikokuya abenike nempahV ake, it
was not at that time when he went away
with his chattels.
Okwam, (a) pass. pron. with Rel. That which
is mine; okwako, that which is thine, and
thus through all classes, (b) adv. : ndayenza
lento okwam, I did the thing in my own
interest ; ngokwam, ngokivako, ngokwayo, etc.,
by myself, thyself, itself and so on: bawenza
lomsebenzi ngokwabo, they of themselves did
this work, i.e. of their own accord, without
any prompting.
Ola, contrac. from Oluya, dcm. pron. 5 cl. sing.
Yonder.
uk-OIeka, ¥jTa. = ukzv-Aleka, v. To overlay,
add.
Olo, dent. pron. 5 cl. sing. That: oloncedo,
that help.
Olo-iya ! inierj. used in the beginning of the
song sung by girls when gathering food for
an intonjane: olo-iya, sicel'inkobe, silambtle.
Olona, pron. emphat. 5 cl. sing, with Relative ;
see Lona.
Olu, (a) dem. pron. 5 cl. sing. This: oXulutt,
this rod. (b) rel. pron. 5 cl. sing: M/a?(^ooIu-
kulu, love which is great, (c) poss. pron. 5
cl. sing: usana oiunina ubub'ileyo, the babe
whose mother is dead; emphatic posses-
sive: oVwake utando, his love.
uk-Olula, 7'. /. To stretch out: solule isandla
sako, stretch out thy hand; fig. to iron
clothes.
ul-Olulo, n. 5. The stretching out.
um-Olulo, n. 6. The breadth of the hand.
uk-Olulela, v. To stretch out toward:
izandla zatn ndizolule kuye, I have stretched
forth my hands to him.
— Oiuka, V. To be stretching, elastic,
extensible, pliable.
um-OIuko, n. 6. = um-Olulo.
uk-OIukela, v. To stretch itself toward;
to be destined for: ndifun' umsebenzi endi-
wolukeleyo, I look for the work I was
destined for.
u-Olumaswana, n. 1. The Lesser puffback
shrike ; = u-Nomasivana.
Oiunga, neg. of Olu (b) : utando olungatetekiyo,
love which cannot be expressed by words;
before ka, ko and va, oiunga changes into
OL
olunge: udaka olungekalungiswa, mortar
has not yet been prepared ; see Lunga.
Olunye, adj. 5. cl. sing. One, other, another:
olunye ucamba lubekwe kakuhle, olunye alulu-
nganga, one layer was laid properly, the
other was not right.
Oluya, contrac. ola, dem. pron. 5. cl. sing.
Yonder: tisana oluya, that babe yonder.
Om, voc. Uncle; = Ow/)/; fr. Du. 00m.
uk-Oma, v. i. To become dry, firm, hard:
umhlaba womile, the ground is dry ; umbona
womile, the maize is fully ripe; umti tvomile,
the tree is dead; umntu womile, the person
is paralysed; womile umfazi, the woman's
menses have ceased. Phr. wabeta koma, lit.
he beat and made dry, i.e. he shut the
mouth of others, made them speechless:
ndome amati, my spittle is dry, i.e. I am
thunderstruck, adv. Point blank, to the
mark, straight forward.
— Omela, v. To dry on; to stick to by
growing dry: umqa womeV epinini, the
pap sticks to the spoon, i.e. he is unable
to finish a work, or to overcome a
difficulty,
— Omeleka, v. To be firm, strong, robust,
stout, active, zealous.
— Omelela, v. -Omeleka; also to become
strong, mature, ripen to perfection:
lenkabi yomelele, this ox is strong ; atnapuzi
omelele, the pumpkins are fully ripe ; to
be of good cheer: yomelelani, tidim.'he
of good cheer, it is I.
ul-Omelelo, w. 5. Strength.
ub-Omelelo, n. 7. Strength, vigour, fresh-
ness.
uk-OmeleUsa, v. To make strong,
strengthen.
— Omeleza, v. t. To make firm, strong;
to strengthen, invigorate; to make
zealous : bamomeleza umntwana, they made
the child strong by exercising its strength ;
bomeleza umsebenzi, they worked hard,
with zeal.
um-OmelezJ, w. l. One who strengthens.
is-Omelezo, n. 4. Refreshment, cordial,
comfort.
ul-Omelezo, ». 5 | strengthening.
um-Omelezo, n. 6. J ^ ^
uk-Omeiezana, v. To strengthen one
another.
— Omelezeka, v. To be strengthened,
refreshed, revived in spirit; to be en-
couraged in an enterprise or undertaking,
— Omelezela, v. To strengthen for:
wazomelezela kuT'txo, he strengthened
himself in God.
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OM
— Omelezisa, v. To help to make strong,
or cause to make firm.
— Omisa, v. To dry, make dry, absorb.
uk-Ombela, v. To dance, drum, and clap
hands in a night party in the house; to
dance in the same manner, accompanying
the incantations of a doctor, when he is
going to dig out the charms which are
supposed to have caused the illness of a
person.
— Ombeleia, v. To sing or beat the drum
for: abafazi babesomhelela abakweta, the
women were beating time for the
circumcised boys.
ub-Omi, n. J. Strength, vigour, firmness,
maturity, ripeness, riches, happiness, pros-
perity, perfection, welfare, life: wadla
ubomi, lit. he ate life, i.e. he lived; izinto
ezinobomi, nice things, things of use or
value; iq'iya inobomi, the handkerchief is
strong; imbtza ayinabotni, the pot is not in
good condition. Dimin. ubonyana, an
inferior, low, unimportant life: into eno-
bonyana, a thing not very beautiful or
great, a thing not fully up to expectation.
Kanobom, adv. = Kakiilti.
Ngabomi, adv. Designedly, purposely:
wenza ngabomi, he did it on purpose.
Omnye, adj. l and 6 cl. sing. One, another
omnye wadla, omnye wasela, one ate, another
drank ; omnye iimgca awulungelelene nomnye,
one line did not correspond with another.
Ompi, voc. Uncle; a term of respectful
address by children to grown-up men ; fr.
Du. oom, dimin. oompje.
uk-Otnuka, v. t. Em. To wrong, injure one
by takmg what belongs to him without
asking or obtaining his consent: undomukile,
you have wronged me by taking my thing
without my consent.
— Otnukeka, v. To be wronged, injured.
uk-Omula, v. i. To break a fast; to resume
drinking milk after abstaining from it
during the menses, or after the death of a
husband, or after the winter during which
milk is scarce ; to have a treat of a thing
for the first time, hence, to breakfast.
— Omulela, v. To dine at a certain place.
is-Ona, n. 4. Em. A plant with a red flower
which hinders maize, etc., in growing, and
destroys it ; = im-Buwa. -
uk-Ona, {D long), v. i. To snore.
uk-ONA, {0 short) pass, ukoniwa. v. t. To
spoil, injure, hurt, wrong, violate, outrage :
intonibi yoniwe, the girl has been violated;
ihashe lako liyona intsifni yam, your horse
destroys my garden; to act unjustly to-
ON
wards another; to offend, abuse, misuse;
bamona lomntu, they wronged this man.
Though this word has been made to
bear the meaning 'to sin, transgress', and is
now definitely used in that sense: ndonile
kuwe, I have sinned against thee ; ndtyona
andoni sinina? am I sinning or not? yet it
is not the exact equivalent of either Heb.
chatah or Gr. hamartano.
N.B. Ukona, to sin, and ukond, to snore,
must be distinguished from uko-ndf is he
present ? and ukona, he is there.
um-Oni, n. I. A violator, wrongdoer,
sinner, etc.
is-Oni, n. 4. One addicted to wrong doing.
is-Ono, n. 4 Wickedness, wrong, sin in a
general sense ; dimin. isonwana.
ub-Oni, n. 7. State of wrong, depravity:
unoboni obukulti, his depravity is very
great; wazibona uboni, he finds himself
mistaken.
uk-Onakala, v. i. To become injured,
destroyed, spoiled, corrupt, old, tattered,
worn out: ingubo zetu vembadada zetu
zonakele, our garments and shoes are
worn out; ivdawo yonke yonakele, the
whole concern is spoiled.
is-Onakalo, v. 4. and ul-Onakalo, n. 5,
Damage, injury, harm, ruin.
uk-Onakalela, v. used only in p -ss. To
be injured in; to be deprived of; to
suffer loss; to forfeit: lomntu wonakalelwa
ngumpefumlo wake, this person is losing
his soul ; mdonakalelwa zizinto zonke, I
suffer the loss of all things ; ukuze ningo-
nakalelwa nto ngati, that ye might not
suffer loss by us in anything.
is-Onakalelo, 11. 4. Loss.
uk-Onakalisa, v. To injure, misuse,
damage, tear, ruin : uzonakalisile, he has
ruined himself.
um-Onakalisi, n. I. A destroyer.
is-Onakaliso, n. 4. Injury, damage inflic-
ted by another.
ul-OnakaUso, n. 5. Destruction.
uk-Onana, v. To wrong each other: ia-
yonana naye, they wrong him.
— Onela, v. To bring into disorder,
disarrange, defeat, annul, invalidate
(a testament) ; reflex, form : asimntu uku-
zonela! what a man to wrong himself!
— Onisa, v. To cause, or induce to wrong.
uk-Onda, v. i. followed by nga. To go
straight ahead, right on without turning;
to continue in a course, persevere in an
undertaking: wonda vgendlu, he went
315
ON
straight to the house; fig. to spy out,
descry; to find suddenly what one has
been searching for.
n. 8. The espying, descrying.
um-Onde, n. 6. Patience, perseverance.
uk-Ondela, v. To look or gaze steadfastly
at an object, in one direction, at one aim ;
to spy from afar : wondcla kum, he fixed his
eyes on me; nimde-nimi voiulclc ezuhvinif
why stand ye looking into heaven?
— Ondelana, v. To take good care of each
other; to be well finished in every part:
iiiyama iyondclenc, the meat is cooked well
all through, not one part is raw; timhona
uyondclcnc, the maize is cooked soft
enough ; ndiyondelciic yimvida, I am drench-
ed to the skin.
— Ondisa, v. To make clear, show the
road.
uk-OndIa, v. t. pass, nkoudliiva. To feed a
young one; to rear, nurse, provide for;
to bring up a child or calf: ii-T'txo uyazo-
ndla iutaka, God feeds the birds; inkedavia
zondlkva tiguyc, the orphans are provided
for by him ; fig. ivasondla isono entliziyweni,
he nourished sin in his heart.
um-OndIi, n. i. One who provides for,
brings up a child; a guardian; fem. umo-
ndlikazi.
is-Ondlo, H. 4. Remuneration for rearing
another man's child; aliment, espec.
when a child has been brought up at the
mother's place: rola isondlo, pay the
aliment.
uk-Ondleka, i'. To be nurtured, nourished.
— Ondlela, v. To nurse, bi-ing up a child
for another, or for any particular calling
or object: bondleleni abantivana benu ckti
qeqesheni kive-Nkosi, nurture your children
in the admonition of the Lord.
Onga, neg. l and 6 cl. sing, of Rel. O 2:
nmntivana ongapiilapidiyo, a child who is
not listening ; umtandazo ongavkvayo, prayer
which is not heard; before ka, kb and na,
onga changes into onge: upi-na umfana
ongtkbyo, where is the youth who is absent 1
wela umlai7tbd ongckazali, get through the
river, which is not yet full.
i-Onga, n. 2. Em. i-Wonga. A good appear-
ance, honour: ufiintu onconga or onamaonga, a
good looking, well proportioned person;
inkabi inconga, a stout ox.
uk-Onga, v. t. pass. uko>ignva. (a) To save^
use sarpingly, frugally ; to make the most
of a thing; not to be profuse or prodigal:
longe iyeza, use the medicine sparingly ;
ON
longe ixesha, buy up the opportunity ; mani-
konge tikudla akiiko nonyaka, use the food
savingly, there is no abundance this year,
(b) To provide for, take care of, a sick
person; to nurse an invalid, to show hospit-
ality to the sick by administering food to
them : zumonge, take care of him.
um-Ongi, n. i. A nurse for the sick.
is Ongo, «. 4. Support, care ; nursing.
uk-Ongela, v. To be sparing for : yibani
njengezilumko, nilongela ixesha, be as wise
men, redeeming the time.
uk-Ongama, v. i. To be raised above
another thing, so as to be higher ; to stand
forth, above, or out; to project overhead;
fig. to look over, superintend, rule over:
abasekongametii , those in authority.
um-Ongami, n. l. Overseer, ruler, gover-
nor, supervisor, superintendent, manager,
chairman.
um-Ongamo, n. 6. A place raised up.
uk-Ongamela, v. To overhang, as a preci-
pice or mountain: intaba iyongamele
indicia, the mountain overhangs the path;
fig. to rule over, exercise authority over
others.
um-Ongameli, n. I. -um-Ongami.
uk-Ongeza, v. t. To add, put more : K/«^tf-
vgezi clizivini, ye shall not add to the word.
=Sn|"eleiaj- To add .o : «.« «,»
kongczelelwa kuni, these things shall be
added unto you.
is-Ongo, see under uk-Onga.
is-Ongo, n. 4. (first ' o ' long) Taste, savour.
um-Ongo, n. 6. Marrow of bones; pith or
heart of trees and plants.
um-Ongu, w. 6. Bleeding : wopa umongu, he
is bleeding.
uk-OnguIa, i^. t. To skim off cream, etc. ;
to sweep or scoop away ground, grass or
dirt.
is-Ongulo, «. 4. A skimmer.
ul-Ongulo, n. 5. The skimming off.
um-Ongulo. n. 6. (a) Skimming of liquids,
(b) Winnowing of corn, (c) Bleeding of
the nose : ndopa umongulo, my nose bleeds.
uk-OnguIula, v. t. To clean out, i.e. to re-
store to health or vigour a person who
has been reduced in flesh, by giving him
nourishing food.
is-Onka, n. 4. Em. isi-Nkwa. Orig. a round
ball of cooked maize; bread; isonkana, a
small loaf of bread.
Onke, adj. (takes the pronoun subject in it«
consonantal form as its pr«f x). All, •rwf :
31*
ON
0Hke amandla ako, all thy power; abantn
honke, all people; zonke izinto, all things;
wonke umntu, every person; wonke ubani,
every one.
j-Ontyl, n. 3. A domestic pig.
uk-Onwaba, v. i. To feel pleasure ; to be
delighted, happy, comfortable; to be in
good health, in comfortable circumstances:
ndanmibile, I am happy ; andinakonwaba, I
feel miserable, n. 8. Happiness, delight,
comfort, adv. ngokonwaba : ndahlala ngoko-
nwaba, I lived, dwelt comfortably.
ul-Onwabo, n. 5. Comfort, consolation.
uk-Onwabela, v. To feel pleasure in or
about; wonwabele nto-ninaf about what
are you happy ?
— Onwabelana, v. To be happy together :
bahleli ngokonwabelana, they live happily
together.
—Onwablsa, v. To cheer, delight, make
happy: intliziyo yam yonwatyiskve, my
heart has been cheered, delighted, refresh-
ed.
umOnwabisi, n. I. One who sympathises
with and comforts, who gives happiness
a comforter.
is-Onwabiso, n. 4. and ul-Onwabiso, n. 5.
That which gives comfort, consolation.
Uk-Onwaya, v. t. To scratch, scrape the
ground, etc.; wazonwaya, he scratched
himself.
uk-Op&, V. i. To drop, as blood from a wound ;
to bleed; isandla sam siyopa, my hand is
bleeding ; fig. to work hard.
— Opeia, V. To bleed on to a cloth, etc.
— Opisa, V. To cause to bleed ; to let blood.
; a hotscorch-
ul-0pu,n.5. ] Violent heat
um-Opu, n. 6. J
ing wind; close air. Phr. isala kutyelwa
sibona ngolopu, the obstinate man will see by
the heat, he who will not hear must feel.
uk-Opula, V. t, To remove a vessel from the
fire: yopiila imbiza, take the pot from the
fire; to take food out of a pot while it is
standing on the fire: kopule ukutya embizeni,
take the food out of the pot and dish it up.
Mk-Osa, To bake, &\.c.; = uk-Oja, see uku-
Kolwa.
is-Oso, n. 4. A piece of meat cut out during
the act of slaughtering, and roasted
on a fire.
uk-Osela, f. To roast for another: ndamo-
sela inyama, I roasted meat for him ; fig.
to wound mortally ; to wound, hurt, with
hard words.
•clii ! inttrj. of a«tonishm«nt.
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05
uk-OsuIa, V. t. Em. To wipe away, etc.; =
riku-Sula.
um-OsuH, n, I. A cleaner, polisher.
uk-Osulela, v, = uku-Sulela.
uk-Oshwama, = uku-Shwama.
uk-Ota, V. t. pass, ukoitwa. To warm oneself
at a fire: wota utnlUo, he warmed himself at
the fire; to make warm or hot: woth
ngenkuni, he heated up with wood ; utango
oludala sota lona, we used the old fence for
making fire to warm ourselves ; fig. to waste :
itnali iyotlwa, the money is wasted.
— Otama, r. t. To sit down doing nothing;
to be lazy ; to lounge, idle.
— Otamela, v. To bask: wotamela ilanga,
he was basking in the sun ; the sun was
shining upon him.
— Otela, '•• To warm for or at a certain
place ; fig. to squander, waste for or at.
uk-Otuka, To be startled ; = 2/*ji-r«^a.
um-Otuko, «. 6. A trembling.
uk-Otusa, To sXdirt\& ; — uku-Tusa.
uk-Otu\a, = uku-Tula.
uk-Ovuya, v. t. To clean corn, rice, etc., by
washing it in water.
Owona, pron. emphat.6 cl. sing, with Rel.;
see Wona.
is-Oya, «. 4. Pleasant flavour (of food) ;
pleasing appearance, attraction, charm;
euphem. the female genitals: umfazi onesoya
emadodeni, a woman who attracts lovers by
her peculiar expression, mannerism and
action.
ub-Oya, n 7. Hair, including wool, fur,
down or feathers of fowls, but excluding
quills and the hair of the human head.
uk-Oyama, v. i. Em. To lean upon, etc.; =
ukw-Ayama.
Oyena, pron. emphat. I cl. sing, with Rel. ;
see Yena,
Oyi ! ititerj. of sorrow and reproof: oyi, baswe-
li kuqonda, O ye foolish men!
uk-Oyika, f. z. To fear; to be alarmed; to
be afraid of: ndiyamoyika, I am afraid of
him.
Fear, dread, appre-
is Oylko, n. 4.
ul-Oyiko, n. 5.
hension.
uk-Oyikeka, v. To have the quality of
exciting fear or dread; to be fearful:
isibetoesoyikekayo, a fearful scourge; umntu
owoyikekayo, a fearful person.
— Oyikela, r. To be afraid of or for:
ukttzoyikela, trembling solicitude.
— Oyikisa, r. To cause fear, alarm ; to
frighten; to makt afraid.
OY
is-Oyikiso, n. 4. That which frightens;!
a scarecrow.
ul-Oyikiso, ». 5. Fright, fear.
uk-Oyisa, r. To make afraid ; to persuade,
conquer, overcome, prevail against:
ndimoyisile, I have convinced, conquered
him; to master, execute, effect: akoyisinto,
he effects nothing; /£?«/» indoyisile, this is
beyond my strength and ability ; =
ukw-Eyisa.
ov
um-Oyisi, n. I. One who overcomes,
conquers.
'TjyHi,lt} Victory. concuest
uk-Oyisakala, v. i. To be convinced,
conquered; to be yielding.
— Oyiseka, v. To yield, give up a contest,
submit, give way; to be conquerable,
convincible.
ul-Oyiseko, n. 5. Persuasion.
uk-Ozela, v. i. To be drowsy, sleepy ; to doze.
— Ozelisa, v. To make drowsy.
TD has sometimes an inspirated sound, as
■*■ in the English word top, (which in Em.
is often softened down into b) ; but mostly
an expirated (explosive) sound, marked p\
as in pit, pass, but pronounced with more
force, espec. after in. P changes in the
locative case of nouns and in the passive
voice into tsh: usapo family, eliisatsheni in
the family; ukuhopa to tie, ukubotshwa to be
tied ; the combination mp changes into
ntsh : ipempe, dim. ipentshana.
ukuti-Pa, V. i. To disclose a secret: musa
ukuti-pa ukuteta, don't speak too openly;
used as adv. Entirely : lento bnhlope pa, this
thing is quite clear, distinct, plain; iqckekile
pa, it is entirely broken.
uku-P'A, I. V. i. pass. piwa. To grant to ; to
make a present; to give gratuitously; to
favour with a gift: ndipe lonto, give me that
thing ; ndisipiwe isonka, I received bread, I
was presented with it; ndipe iq'inga, give me
a plan, i.e. your counsel. (2 cl. pi. abbrev.
rel. apd, who or which give; absol. past,
apa, they gave; conj. past, apa, and they
gave; short pres. apa, they give).
um-Pi, n. I. A giver, benefactor.
isi-Piwo, n. 4. A present, (which is re-
ceived).
isi-P6, n. 4. A gift (which one gives) : isipo
esinge nambali, an unspeakable gift.
uku-Pana, v. To grant to, to make pre-
sents to each other.
uku-P'A, II. (ukw-Ipa) v. t. To cut or pull
(grass) with the hand; to collect, gather; 2
cl. pi. abbrev. rel. apd, who or which pluck ;
absol. past, apa or epa, they plucked; conj.
past, apa or epa, and they plucked; short
pres. dpa, they pluck.
isi-Pa, n. 4. A handful of grass; a sheaf of
wheat, etc.
um-Pa, n. 6. A maize cob, stripped of the
corn. Phr. ungiimpa wezala, lit. he is a
stripped maize cob among the refuse, i.e.
he is a worthless character.
im-Pabanga, n. 3. A destitute person, with-
out property, home or friends.
um-Pafa, n. 6. The buffalo thorn, Zizyphus
mucronata Willd., used as medicine for
scrofula and lumbago.
ukutl-Pafu, V. i. To stand aghast; to be
greatly astonished, v. t. To prick, as a thorn.
uku-PahIa, v. t. To encircle, compass about;
to surround, as a party a prisoner, or as
groomsmen or bridesmaids a bride or
bridegroom at a wedding: inkosi ipahliive
ngabantu bayo, the chief is surrounded by
his people (in his walking and sitting down) ;
fig. to beset, hem in, press on all sides so as
to perplex: sipahliwe zintshaba, we are be-
set by enemies.
um-Pahli, n. I. A groomsman.
um-Pahlikazi, n. I. A bridesmaid.
im-Pahla, «. 3. Goods, effects, chatties,
tools; any movable property or house-
hold stuff belonging to a man: impahla
yenkosi, the war-dress, which the warriors
get from the chief's armoury; impahla
emfutshane, sheep and goats.
u-PahIa, «. 5. The frame of a native hut;
the roof of a stone or brick house ; the
tent of a wagon.
um-PahIa, «. 6. Brachyleena discolor D.C.
i-Pahloti, n. 2. A portion of a bees' nest
which hangs outside a cavity of a rock or
tree and which is full to overflowing.
i-Paka, n. 2. Em. (a) That portion of an
animal's ear which hangs as a mark, (b)
The first portion of corn cut in harvest,
(c) A poor person who is accused of witch-
craft while a rich person is in view.
318
PA
im-Paka, w. 3. The domestic cat. Em.
Figurative appellation for a wild cat, sup-
posed to be a witchcat which injures people.
uku-Paka, v. t. To lift out as with a ladle ;
to take food from a pot or dish with the
hand or a spoon; to dish up: paka ukudla
ejnbizeni, take food out of the pot ; to disperse
a people, as a superior by his misconduct
or mismanagement; fig. to 'dish up' a
child, pretending to relieve a child's over-
burdened stomach by sharing in imagination
all round of the superfluous food, after
which the sufferer thinks he is better.
um-Pako, w. 6. Provision for a journey;
commissariat stores, provisions for an
army; subscription (to a newspaper).
uku-Pakela, v. To take or pour out food
from a vessel for one : tidipakelwe ngesitya,
I was given food from a vessel ; ndipakela
inkdbi, I am cooking for the oxen, i.e. for
those who are ploughing; ivantpakela
ukudla, he helped him to some food ; fig.
to repeat, tell the whole story : ndolipakela
lotike ngo Nantsi, lancle vgapandle kwenta-
ndabuzo, I'll dish up the whole story
about So-and-so, it will undoubtedly
suffice.
ama-Pakelana, w. 2. pi. Those who send
food to each other.
Pakade, adj. Having no bounds.
Kwapakade, adv. ungiiye u-Nyatia ka-Tixo
ukuzahva kwapakade, he is the Son of God
by birth from eternity ; ongowaselopakade
tiya kuha kwangonapakade, he who is from
eternity shall be everlasting.
i-Pakade, n. 2. Period, space of time:
abafo helipakade, men of this period, men
of the world; time immemorial, never
ending ; eternity : kwasepakadetii hise epa-
kadeni, from eternity to eternity; into
yapakade, applied to numbers (of cattle),
meaning innumerable; iliztvi lapakade,
the eternal word.
uku-Pakama, v. i. To stand in an upright
straight posture; to rise above, stick out^
be prominent, elevated, \oity -.pakama, stand
upright ; intabi epakamileyo, a high mountain ;
fig. to be elevated in rank, condition or
office. 71. 8. Height ; dignity.
um-Pakamo, n. 6. and ubu-Pakamo, n. 7.
Height, elevation, exaltation.
uku-Pakamela, v. To rise above any
other object : lendlu iyTpakamele leyo, this
house is higher than that; fig. lendawo
indipakatnele, this matter is too great or
difficult for me.
— Pakamisa, r. pass, pakanyiswa. To
raise up, erect, elevate, cause to rise
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yipakamise intsika, place the pole erect;
pakamisa ilizwi lako, raise your voice,
speak out loud; ndipahmyiswa litemha, I
am very hopeful.
Pass. n. 8. Height, exaltation.
um-Pakatnisi, w. l. One who raises or
lifts up.
uku-Pakamisela, v. To raise up for
another or for a particular purpose:
ndiivupakamisele kuwe umpefumlo warn, to
thee I lift up my soul.
uku-Pakata, v. i. To put forth a number
of cobs on a single stalk, as maize some-
times does; of corn, to put forth fine and
and beautitul ears; to appear, as fruit
when the blossom falls.
im-Pakata, n. 3. A shoot from the roots
or lower parts of the maize stem bearing
fruit ; the second cob on the stalk.
im-Pakatd, n. 3- A side shoot, an off-
shoot.
isi-Pakatd, «. 4. Side shooting.
um-Pakat6, n. 6. The groin, flank; the
thin part of a skin ; fig. a trouser pocket,
Pakati, prep, and adv. Among, between,
within, inside: pakati kobuhlanti, within the
kraal ; endlwini pakati, in the house inside ;
ngapakati kwenu, within you, i.e. in your
hearts.
um-Pakati, n. I. and i-Pakati, n. 2. Plur.
aniapakati. ' One of the inner circle.' The
councillor of a chief; a headman; a civil
officer who acts as agent in all affairs
between the tribe and the chief; ipakatt
may be used collectively: lababuza kakuhle
ipakatt, the council asked them thorough-
ly. Aniapakati is a term of respect.
isi-Pakati, w. 4. The body of councillors
(amapakatl).
u-Pakati, n. 5. The middle finger.
um-Pakati, n. 6. The inside or palm of
the hand, the sole of the foot.
ubu-Pakati, «. 7. The office or authority
of a councillor.
isi-Pako, w. 4. Blemish caused by or remain-
ing after an accident ; the loss of a member
of the body; bodily defect.
um-Pako, see under uku-Paka.
ukuti-Paku, V. i. To commence to look; to
perceive, observe.
uku-Pakula, v. t. To take honey from a bees'
nest or hive.
isi-Pakula, n. 4. A species of long-snake.
i-PakUjraku, n. 2. An alarmist; a coward; a
listless, good for nothing fellow; one who
is easily scared.
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ubu-PakupAku, «. 7. Nervousness, timidi-
ty, restlessness, anguish (of small birds
on seeing a bird of prey) ; unohupakupaku,
he is nervous, of unsound mind.
uku-Pakuzela, v. i. To walk in an alarmed,
excited, frightened manner, as one who
is mad.
uku-P'ALA, I. V. t. To scrape off the rough
parts of a hide ; to prepare it for tanning ;
to scrape generally : pala imbiza, scrape out
the pot ; to scratch a person's face ; fig. to
plough.
um-Pali, n. I. and im-Pali, n. 3. One who
scrapes: umphli wesikuuiba, one who
dresses a hide, a tanner.
im-Palo, n. 3. (a) Scrapings of a hide;
anything scraped or scooped out. (b) A
hollow in a tree where bees live; fig. a
compartment in a railway carriage.
im-Palane, «. 3. The new garment made
from a hide, without fat or red clay,
which a widow gets as a present of
honour after the death of her husband,
when the old garment has to be cast
away.
uku-Paleka, v. To be scrapeable or fit for
scraping: izembe alipaleki, the hatchet
does not scrape well, it is blunt.
uku-P'ALA, II. t^. /. (a) To go about in search;
to go to and fro: ndapala ilizwe, I searched
the country, (b) To gallop: iliashe liyapala,
the horse gallops; to race. Phr. tipaV amehlo,
he looks anxiously to and fro ; upaV entlizi-
yweni, he revolves in his mind; azipali nga-
kiinye, they differ, disagree.
i-Pala, «. 2. A vagabond, vagrant.
u-Palo, «. 5. Gallop.
uku-Palapala, v. To run about constantly.
— Palapalela, v. To wander about in
search of: upalapalcla isonka, he wanders
abroad for bread.
— Palisa, V. To cause or make to run
about; to race, gallop: ungalipalisi ihashe,
do not race the horse; fig. not to stick to
the subject under discussion.
um-Paliso, n. 6. Horse-racing.
uku-Palapalisa, v. To cause to flee : ziya-
palapaliswa izizwe lizwi lengxokolo, at the
noise of the tumult the peoples are fled.
— Palala and Palaka, v. i. To spill, over-
flow, flow, run or rush out, as water from
a vessel: amanzi apalakile esityeni, the
water has spilled from the vessel; indebc
yam iyapalala, my cup rux\s ove.r; igazi
elipalelcyo, blood which has been shed ;
kupalale ukuxelenga kwayo, his labour is
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in vain; fig. to be left by another: ndapk-
lalwa nguye, I was left by him; impiyam-
palela, the army was scattered from him ;
ndipalele, I am in difficulty, I am done for ;
to utter suddenly and incautiously.
im-Paiaia and im-Palalana, n. 3. A
vagabond, wanderer; a small bundle car-
ried in the hand.
uku-Palaleia, v. To be poured out on or
at.
uku-Palaza, v. To empty, pour out, spill,
shed; to cause to run over; to throw
away water from a vessel : palaza lamanzi,
throw away that water; fig. to lead forth:
inkosi yapalaza amadoda ayo, the chief led
forth his men to war.
um-Palazi, n. I. Abapalazi begazi, shed-
ders of blood.
i-Palazo, n. 2. The chase in which all the
men join on the death of a chief.
Rainmakers sometimes order such a
chase when rain is wanted.
uku-Palazeka, v. To run over constantly ;
to flow into; to empty itself: amasi aph-
lazekile, the milk is spilt; fig. to rush
upon with violence; to storm, assail:
bapalazeka kuye or endlwini, they rushed
upon him or into the house.
— Palazela, v. To pour out for or upon,
at a certain piace : usipalazele igazi laki,
he has shed his blood for us.
um-Palane, «. 6. A bundle of assegais.
i-PALANGA, M. 3. An eel, from Du. palinjf.
i-Palo, «. 2. The tape worm.
i-Palode, «. 2. The soap-bush, Noltea
africana Reich., the leaves of which are
used as a cure for quarter evil.
uku-Paluka, v. i. To be dissatisfied, dis-
contented, displeased.
i-Paluka, «. 2. A dissatisfied, discontented
person.
isi-Paluka, n. 2. (a) A feeling of discon-
tent or dissatisfaction, (b) A valley,
stream, or road branching off from a
larger one ; a village by the side of the
great place; a location, ward, etc.
Dimin. isipalukana, a small valley, etc.,
branching off from another.
uk i-Palukisa, v. To dissatisfy, render
discontented.
Pass, ukupalukiswa, «. 8. Dissatisfaction,
discontent.
isiPalukiso, «. 4- Anything which
causes dissatisfaction.
uku-Palusa, v. t. To confiscate everything
belonging to people who are accused of
witchcraft ; fig. to wound, destroy.
320,
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Pam, ('a' short), adv. Entirely: ufe pam,
he is stone dead.
uku-Pama, v. t. To destroy entirely.
im-Pama, «. 3. A box on the ear; a slap in
the face.
uku-P'AMB'A, V. t. pass, panjwa. (a) To
tie round, encompass, encircle, surround by
gathering or holding together, as with a
tire or hoop: pamha iselwa, bind the
(broken) calabash by plaiting it with twine,
(b) V. i. To reverse ; to turn from or
away from ; to escape from a circle drawn
round one; to turn upside down; to be
here and there, in disorder; to run zigzag;
to desert a chief; to rebel; to turn back on
a journey : ndapanjwa yindaha, I was turned
back by information received ; iisuke am'an
ukupamba, he is always away when I want
him. «. 8. Rebellion, backsliding.
i-Pambd, n. 2. (a) A parcel or bundle of
things which can be carried in the hand,
lit. compassed by it. (b) A turncoat,
deserter, rebel, renegade, who treacher-
ously abandons his party; one who
contradicts himself. Fem. ipambakazi.
um-Pimba, n. 6. A stratagem executed
by a party expecting an attack, when
they send off a body of men unobserved
to destroy the enemy's villages; ambush,
sudden surprise or attack.
um-Pdmbd, n. 6. Anything circular and
binding; a handle attached to both sides
of a vessel: umpamho wetnbiza, a pot
handle ; a hoop for a cask ; a tyre for a
wheel.
uku-Pambapamba, v. To move or flash
in one direction and another: ngokoku-
bofiakala kokupambapamba kombane, as the
appearance of a flash of lightning ; aba-
pambaphmbi emendweni wabo, they break
not their ranks.
— Pimbana, v. To pass or cross each other
near to or on the same road without
knowing; to come from opposite direc-
tions; to lie across each other as two
paths crossing each other: sapambana
ukuya e-Dikeni, we crossed one another
in going to Alice; fig. to contend or
argue a point ; to differ, quarrel ; to be
out of harmony ; to disjoin, disunite ; to
dissolve, as a partnership; to lose one's
reason : upambene ingqondo, he is crack-
brained; to fall off in flesh though eating
well.
PA
im-Pambano, w. 3. A missing of each
other on the road; error, blunder, mis-
take; separation; opposition of direc-
tion, disjunction, disunion, disagreement.
In the game of 'pins in the hand', when
the heads of the pins are reversed, or in
one form of iceya, when the little sticks
appear in diagonally-placed hands, then
the one who claims impambano wins.
uku-Pambanisa, v. pass, panjanisiva. To
reverse, put in disorder; to turn upside
down; to take hold of the wrong end:
uyipambantsile incwadi, he held the book
in the wrong way ; to lap by laying one
end over another end ; fig. to parry the
weapons; to cause difference, dissen-
sion, discord ; to mislead, pervert, disturb,
obstruct: zvandipambanisa ekushumjyeleni
kwam, he disturbed me in my preaching.
um-Pambanisi, n. l. A mover in in-
surrection.
im-Pambaniso, n. 3. Perversion, discord,
contradiction.
uku-Pambanisela, v. To oppose an -ad-
versary by attacking him at the moment
he attacks ; to reverse, etc., for or about :
undipambanisela-nina no-Dyanf why are
you setting me against Jan ?
— Pambanlselana, v. To exchange
places ; to relieve each other ; to put one
in the place of another: amasoldati
apambaniselene, the soldiers have relieved
each other; to traffic, bargain, haggle.
— Pambeka, v. To err, blunder; to
misapprehend a statement: ndipambekile
ukuva, I have heard wrongly.
isi-Pambeko, n. 4. Error, mistake, blun-
der.
uku-Pambela, v. To desert one by going
over to another party.
isi-Pambat6, n. 4. A name given to two
coast trees, Anastrabe integerrima E.M.
and Plectronia spinosa Klot.
Pambi, prep. Before, in front : pambt kwam,
before me ; pamb'i kwemini, before noon ;
tigapambi kwabo, before them.
Pambili, adv. Before, in advance of,
forward, referring to position : ndahatnba
pambtli, I walked in front ; sokaitgela pa-
mUli, we shall look forward ; before in
time, preceding : abantu ababeko pambili,
the people who lived before, i.e. before
the present time ; ngerix' engapambili,
formerly, in former times, prep, pambili
kwake, before him.
QQ
321
PA
aiua-Pambili, n.2.pl. The private parts
of the male.
um-Pambili, 71. 6. The forepart, front.
um-Pamb6, see under uku-Pamba.
uku-Pambuka, v. i. To leave, turn aside
from the path in which a person is walking;
to take a wrong road ; fig. to deviate or
depart from that which is right; to err:
upambukile kukulunga, he departed from
right conduct; eliliawi Upambukile ekuti-ni,
this word has diverged from a certain
meaning; to avoid an enemy.
isi-Pambukana, n. 4. A bypath, laie, etc.,
which leads out or away from the right
path; a stream which branches off from
another; a tributary.
uku-Pambukela, v. To turn aside to-
wards a person, place or thing, or on
account of it; to stop at a place for a
night or two; to occupy another's house :
ndapambukela kuye, I lodged with him.
um-Pambukeli, n. I. A traveller, stranger;
lodger, guest.
uku-Pambukisa, v. To cause to turn
aside, out of the way, to avoid danger;
to cause to err; to lead astray, mislead.
— Pambukisela, v. To cause to turn
aside to.
— Pambusa, v. pass, paujuswa. To do
wrongly or amiss: ndipambusile ukuvn,
I have misunderstood; to lead astray,
pervert, corrupt.
isi-Pambusa, «. 4. A bypath; a branch
of a river; a portion or part of a country;
fig. a sect.
ukuPamla, see under im-Pampa/n.
im-Pampam and im Pampampa, n. 3.
Uncertainty, dubiety, doubtfulness, un-
unsteadiness.
isi-Pampam, «. 4. One who wanders
about, not knowing where he is going;
one who foolishly or ignorantly tells
lies.
uku-Pamla, v. To wander about a
country ; to be deserted by one's
children; to do a thing alone; fig. to
speak jocosely.
isi Pamla, «. 4. One who speaks lies in
jest.
uku-Pampata, v. i. To doubt.
— Pampatisa, r. To cause uncertainty or
doubt.
— Pamza, v. To grope in the dark, to
fumble; to walk unsteadily, as a blind
man.
— Pdmzela, v. To grope about.
PA
Paper, fr. Du. papier.
Dimin. of tim-Pu. A pistol.
'. /. To march out for war.
/. To wander, as somnam-
im-PAMPlLI, n. 3.
um-Pana, «. 6.
uku Pananaza,
uku-Pancaza, v.
bulists do.
um-Panda, n. 6. An earthen pot or vessel;
a pitcher in which water is kept for use; a
cask.
uku-Panda, v. t. To scratch up, grub, dig the
earth, as fowls for food, or as dogs, etc.,
for that which is hidden in the ground:
inhtku iyapanda entsimini, the hen scratches
in the garden ; to penetrate the ground as
the roots of trees; to examine by poking;
to throw the earth out of a hole; to work;
fig. to spy out, examine, investigate closely.
— Pandela, v. To scratch up or remove
the earth for some purpose, or in any
particular place: inja ipandela ntonina
apa? what is the dog scratching for here?
Phr. akuko nkwali ipandela enye, lit. no
pheasant scratches the ground for
another, i.e. each one must look after
his own interests; to enlarge.
im-Pande, n. 3. A kind of root used as a
c\iarm;=^ iibu-T'i.
uku-Pdnd!a, v. t. To hurt the eye by a
stroke or blow, or by any substance enter-
ing it, or by a powerful light: ndipandli-
we ngolutl, I have been struck (in the eye)
by a stick ; to turn away the eyes from an
offensive object: umntu angapandlwa yinto
eseswcni, a man may be blinded by a thing
in his eye.
im-PandIa, n. 3. (a) A head bald in front, (b)
The top of the windpipe.
Pandle and ngapatidle, prep, and adv. (cf.
e-Ndle.) Outside, without, out, besides :3'/&<?/&^
phndle, put it outside; ngapatidle kwam ani-
nakwenza nio, apart from me ye can do no-
thing; ngapatidle kwendlu, outside the house;
ndahlala ngapandle, I lived outside, i.e. in the
country; nditeta ngokupandle, I speak frankly.
i-Pandle, n. 2. mostly used in the plur.
atna-Pandle. The land or country lying
outside: einapandleni, in the country
outside.
um-Pandle, n. 6. The outside: ht^z/'^wJ/^
wendlu, the outside of the house.
um-Pandu, «. I. Em. The month of Nove-
mber.
uku-PanduIa, v. t. To kill a wounded man
outright by spearing him repeatedly; to
gore repeatedly, as a bullock with his horns;
to stab a person repeatedly with a knife ; to
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scratch with the feet, as a bull preparing to
fight ; fig. to work hard.
um-Pandula, n. I. Em. The month of JulJ^
uku-P'ANGA, 7;. i. (a) To use one's strength
in going or running: pang' iikuhamba, run
quickly, make speed ; ilizwi lipang' emxelwe-
ni or entliziyweni, the word comes with
force to the heart, i.e. hits it, makes it un-
easy; wapang' emnyango or egqireni, he
hastened to the door or to the doctor;
wapang' emazwini, he interrupted; ndopanga
kuye, I shall adhere, stick, appeal to him ;
tikupanga igunya, to disannul.
(b) V. t. To take by force, seize by vio-
lence; to plunder, rifle, rob: bampangilc
impahla yake, they robbed him of his goods.
Phr. ubukulti abupangwa, greatness is not
got in a hurry, Rome was not built in a day.
aux. Aforehand: upange weza wawiita-
mh'isela iikuncwatywa umzhnba wain, she is
come aforehand to anoint my body for
burial.
um-Pangi, n. I. A robber, plunderer.
i-Pango,' n. 2. The hollow between the
lowest rib and the ilium of a hungry
beast; fig. an empty, hungry stomach;
the feeling of hunger.
im-Pango, m. 3. That which has' been
taken by force or plunder.
isi-Panga, n. 4. The biceps muscle of the
arm ; = i-Nkonyana (b).
isi-Pingo, n. 4. A violent thunderstorm ;
heavy rain which sweeps away things
with violence ; isipango samaiye, hail storm.
um-Panga, n. 6. (a) A gap, loss in the
family caused by death; death itself, (b)
The Kafir-bread tree, Encephalartos
Lehm. ; branches of it are burned in sacri-
fices.
um-Pango, n. 6. The act of robbing.
uku-Pangapanga, v. To hit properly:
bapangapavgwa lirele, they were properly
hit by the sword.
um-Pangapanga, n. 6. = i-Pango.
uku-Pangalala, v. i. To scatter abroad; to
break up (of an assembly) ; to separate,
every one taking his own road ; to remove
some distance from each other; to be
broad, wide ; indlela ipangalele, the road
is wide.
In a game of children, where they pinch
or contract the loose skin on the back of
one another's hands, the children call out
cumhelele, followed afterwards by panga-
lala, at which all the children fall down.
PA
um-Pangalala, n. 6. (a) Scattering, dis-
persion, (b) Disconnected and contra-
dictory statements.
uku-Pangalalisa, v. To scatter ; to cause
to be scattered abroad ; to disperse ; to
drown one's feelings (of sorrow).
— Pangalalisela, v. To scatter among;
im-Pangalasane, n. 3. Discord, riot:
uku-Pangana, v. To rob each other.
— Pangela, v. To outrun, overcome ; to
be or to come beforehand ; to prevent ;
to anticipate: ivandipangela uhiya e-Monti,
he outran me in going to East London;
bapangeV intaka, they came before the
birds arrived in the morning i.e. they
drove them away before they could steal ;
usana Iwampangda unina, the child ate up
its mother's food; fig. to speak or
answer rashly, before another who is
asked can answer.
aux. Before, first: imikanzi iyayipangela
inch yonke ngokoma, rushes wither before
all other grass.
im-Pangele, n. 3. The crowned guinea-
fowl, Numida coronata Gray, so called
from its running with velocity ; its cry is
rendererd as andikatali, I don't care.
uku-Pangelana, v. To outrun one another ;
to seek to anticipate one another : mayela
nembeko-leyo, pangelanani, in matters of
honour, prefer one another.
— Pangelelana, v. To outrun each other
entirely; to run and meet together at
one place for a given purpose ; to rob,
plunder each other entirely; fig. to
emulate, vie with each other : ipangelele-
ne indlala nokupela kwempahla yake, dearth
arrived at the same time as his stock
was finished.
— Pangisa, v. To cause to rob ; to snatch
with force ; to wrest a thing from another.
um-Panjana, n. 6. Dimin. of umPambo. A
small hoop.
Pantse, ado. apparently the relic of an obso-
lete verb. Almost, nearly : ndipantse uku-
bulawa, I was almost killed ; wapants' uku-
hlanganisana uinzi wonke, almost the whole
village was gathered together.
um-Pantsho, (or um-Mpantsho), n. 6. The
woman's qtya done up in the desired style
ready for wearing; see u-Jikelo, u-Nkontsho
and uni-Gobongo.
um-Pantshwa, n. 6. The long hat worn in
full drsss.
323
PA
Pantsi and ngapantsi, prep, and adv.
Beneath, under, below, underneath : pantsi
komhlaha, under the earth ; emhlabcni pantsi,
down on the earth ; heka pantsi, put down ;
inyoka ingapaiitsi kivcUtyc, the snake is under
the stone ; amanzi angapantsi kivcsibakahaka,
the waters which are under the firmament ;
ndipantsi kivake, "I am lower, inferior (in
rank) to him, he is my superior ; ndipantsi
kokiifa, I am near death; uti pantsi,
he speaks in a low voice ; ngohmgapantsi,
much less. Phr. sipanlsi kwenyau-o zako, lit.
we are under thy feet, i.e. we are thy
obedient servants ; ukubcta pantsi, to hit the
ground, i.e to miss what was aimed at.
um-Pantsi, «. l. An inferior: ndinginnpa-
ntsi, I am a poor person.
um-Pantsi, n. 6. The lower part, under-
side of a thing; the sole of the foot.
ubu-Pantsl, n. 7. Lowness, degradation,
frailty, weakness: wapila ngobupantsi, he
led a low life.
ukuti-Panyapanya, v. i. To wink often,
repeatedly, rapidly with the eyes.
uku-Panyaza, v. To blink, wink ; to
obscure the vision; to injure the eye, so
that the sight is hurt.
i-Panyazo, v. 2. A blink, twinkling,
moment, adv. vgepanyazo, instantly.
uku Panyazela, v. To wink at.
im-Panyeso, n. 3. The eye of the milkbag
by which it is suspended; the handle of a
trunk.
um-Panyisa, ??. 6. A plant whose root is
eaten in time of \\ar\gt.v ;- um-Piinzisa.
uku-Panza, v. i. To be destroyed,
scattered, defeated, (as an army) ; to be de-
solate: ilizwe lipanzile, the land is desolate,
all the cattle are seized.
im-Panza, ;;. 3. People or an army broken
up and dispersed.
uku-Panzisa, v. To scatter, disperse, as
by defeat in war; to cause desolation.
Pass, iikupanziswa, n. 8. Desolation.
um-Panzisi, «. I. One who makes desolate,
imPanziso, w. 3. That which is desolate.
isi-Panz«so, n. 4. Scattering, dispersion.
i-PAPA, w. 3. Porridge: ipapa iqinile, the
porridge is thick ; starchy substance used
to improve the appearance of inferior
cotton or linen cloth ; fr. Du. pap, porridge.
uku-P'AP'A, V. i. To rise (of leaves which
had been relaxed by the hot sun) ; to flap
(as a hen her wings) ; to fiy (of a garment
in walking); fig. to become awake, alert,
PA
roused, active, diligent, watchful, attentive,
ready in mind: papani nitandaze, watch
and pray.
i-Papa,«. 2. A diligent person; a zealot.
isi-Pap6, H. 4. An act of activity or
diligence.
u-Pap6, n. 5. Diligence, activity.
uku-Papama, v. To wake ; to be wakeful :
andisalele ndipapamile, I am no longer
asleep, I am awake; to get up for a
short time, and sit at the fire, when
one cannot sleep; to be without rest;
to be vigilant, lively, nimble, expert.
«. 8. Wakefulness.
-Papamela, v. To be on the alert for
a purpose; used euphem. of a bull
longing after a cow.
— Papamlsa, v. To wake or waken from
sleep; to awake.
— Papateka, v- To be in a nervous, timid
state of feeling ; to run about in a panic;
to fly off afraid, retreat; to bolt or run
violently and suddenly from the course,
as a racehorse; fig. to act 'or deal
undecidedly, indeterminately.
— Papazela, v. To flap the wings, as a
cock about to crow; to fly up towards
a certain place; to flutter, soar over a
place ; fig. to be nervously timid ; to
be agitated ; to prepare hastily ; to feel
confused : intliziyo yam iyapapazela, my
heart flutters, palpitates, i. e. I am
agitated.
— Papapapazela, v. To fly or wander
about.
— Papazelela, v. To prepare hastily for
reception.
— Papeia, v. pass, patsheliva. To give
heed to; to be attentive to: papelani
lonto, watch thereunto.
— Papisa, V. To rouse attention, make
w^atchful, attentive, excite to diligence.
uku-PAPASA and PAPASHA, v. t. T©
publish, make known (a theft before it is
known in public or talked about), from
Eng. publish.
u-Papasi, «. i. A very active person.
um-Papaso, «. 6. Overdriving, exaggeration.
i-Papu, n. 2. The heart, liver, lungs of an
animal ; the pluck ; loc. epapwini, in the
heart of a quadruped.
isi-Papu, n. 4. The pericardium.
uku-Pasa, v. t. To pronounce or speak
softly, like one out of breath ; to be out of
breath.
324
uku-PASA, V. i. (a) Of a horse, to tripple ;
fr. Du. pas. (b) To pass an examination;
fr. Eng. pass.
ukuti-Pasalala, v. u To be scattered, e.g.
when the band of a bundle of forage
becomes loose and the straw scatters ; or
when the thatch on a roof stands upright
and is scattered by the wind ; or when
the hair of the head stands in little tufts ;
fig. to disagree ; not to be in harmony; to be
wrong in the mind.
i-Pasalala n. 2. | ^^^ standing of
im Pasalala, n. 3. 3
two things in opposite directions; inka-
bi empasalala, an ox with horns bent in
opposite directions; a bundle of wood
or lances not properly laid or bound,
which is in disorder; fig. dissension,
disunion, discord.
i-PASlKA, n. 3. The Passover, Easter.
isi-Paslya, n. 4. A bundle of assegais; a
well-armed man.
uku-Pasuluka, v, i. To be obstinate, stub
born; to contend or struggle so as to
resist effectually efforts made to subdue
or conquer; of one already thrown to
the ground, to go on resisting ; to continue
fighting, not to give in; to regain the
advantage lost in combat with an enemy,
and either escape the danger or overcome
at last : incwadi iyapasuluka, the sheet flies
back to its open condition, resists being
rolled up; wapasuluka ngakumbt, wenza ngo-
kwendoda wada woyisa, he contended
manfully, until he gained the victory; to
be stubborn, headstrong, in a dispute or
contest ; to be stiffnecked, inflexible.
im-Pasulula, n. 3. An inflexible or ob-
stinate one.
uku-PasuIukisa, v. To make or cause to
be stubborn, etc.
uku-P'AT'A, V. t. perf. pete. To be in direct
contact with an object or undertaking, (a)
To touch, handle; to carry in the hand:
andipatanga nisimbt yako, I have not touched
your beads ; upete intonga or ikaha, he carries
a stick or shield in his hand; euphem. to
keep close to a cow, as a bull does before
uku-Zeka; of pain or sickness, to grip or
seize; of any part of th^ body, to force
itself into notice by being pained : ndipetwe
sisinqe, I am seized with lumbago; intloko
indipete, my head aches violently.
(b) To deal with, treat : ndampata kaku
hie, wandipata kakuhi, I treated him well, he
treated me badly; ndipati ngetaru, deal
mercifully with me ; uz' ungalipati ngenkohla-
kalo ignma lika-Yehova, thou shalt not take
the name of the Lord falsely; uyazipata
kakuhle, he behaves well; to treat a sick
member of the body by smearing cow-
dung and kneading it for the purpose of ex-
tracting the cause of sickness, which is
done by the igqira lokupata.
(c) To take in charge or take charge of:
lonisehenzi upitwe ndim, that affair has been
undertaken, is being managed, by me:
lomkosi upehve ngu-Anta, this army is com-
manded by Anta ; tiSandile wapata ubukosi
kuma-Ngqika, Sandili ruled over the Gaikas.
n. 8. ukuzipata, carriage, deportment.
Ukupata is used as an auxiliary in the
sense of 'now-then', 'sometimes — at other
times ' : bapata kiitt balime, bapate kutt bafuye,
partly they plough, and partly they rear
cattle ; ahantwana bapata kuteta, bapatk kuzo-
la, now the children speak, then they keep
quiet.
um-Pati, n. I. One who touches, carries,
etc.: iimpati wencwadi, the bearer of a
letter; a master, ruler: umpati wabantu,
a ruler of men ; a manager, one in autho-
rity, a general in command.
um-Patwa, n. I. A subject; one in sub-
jection.
im-Pata, n. 3. A handle.
im-Patd, n. 3. Treatment,
isi-Pat6, n. 4. That part of anything
which is taken hold of in the manage-
ment of it; a handle, candlestick; me-
thod of household management: akuko
mntu unesipato somnye, every one manages
his household in his own way.
isi-Pat' amandia, «. 4. A person in
authority, as a governor.
u-Patd, n. 5. Authority, office, mastery.
uku-Patapata, v. To feel with the hands,
e.g. to feel what a parcel contains.
— Patana, v. To take mutually in charge ;
to touch, etc., each other; to meddle
with each other ; to stiffen : into epateneyo,
a stiff, hard, rigid thing; of animals, to
conceive.
isi-Patwano, n. 4. Reciprocal treatment;
conduct mutually displayed.
uku-Patanisa, v. To stiffen.
— Patela, v. To take or carry with one
for another; to bring: ndipatele isonka,
bring bread for me with you.
— Patelela and Patelelela, v. To stay,
rest, lean upon or against with the hand
PA
while rising: wapatelcla again, he leaned,
i-ested with his hands on me : ndapatelcla
kiiyc, I joined company with him (on a
journey) ; to hold on amid difficulties of
the way, as on a slippery path; to be
connected with; to follow one thing
upon another: indawo eziinaitdla ezipate-
lela ckwenziweiii kivcyeza, the chief things
which are connected with the making of
medicine ; umkithlane iipatehle ktim, the
sickness pressed hard upon me; to hint
at refiectingly or unjustly; vgoknpatelele,
touching, with reference to.
si-Patele!o, n. 4. An unjust reflection.
ubu-Patelelo, n. 7. Bottom,
uku-Patelelana, %'. To lean, etc., one on
the other: bapatelckuc, they leaned one
on the other with the hands.
— Patelelisa, v. To bring, carry to: ipa-
telcliswe kiiiii ttguye, it was brought to me
by him.
— Patelelelisa, v. To cause to carry
for another; to cause to hold on; to keep
pace with.
— Patisa, V. To cause or make to
touch, take or carry, to take in charge ;
uku-Patsha, v. i. Of land, to be barren, dry,
unfruitful; fig. to be stupid, silly, without
manners.
im-Patshampatsha, h. 3. A foolish,
worthless creature.
im-Patshanga, «. 3. A poor wretch with-
out a home; a vagrant: onyana habo zi-
mpalshaiiga ezigqibe ilizwe, their sons are
homeless w?indere.r?,- ini-Pabanga.
u-P'AU, w. 5. A mark put on anything; a
natural or artificial mark on an animal
which serves as a sign of ownership; a
notch made by cutting or branding, espec.
cattle, to distinguish them from othei-s.
(Almost every article of personal property
has a known or private mark),
uku-Paula, r. To mark cattle by slitting
or cutting the ear; hence to mark, take
careful notice of.
— Pauleka, t;. To be marked; fig. to be
worthy of note : iiilo epaidekileyo, a note-
worthy thing.
— Paulela, v. To mark, etc., for another.
— Paulelisa, v. To cause cattle to be
marked for another.
— Pauiisa, v. To cause to mark.
fig. to cause to take charge of; to give Pkya,adv. Yonder, over there, at a distance.
authority, power; to invest or entrust
with an office : ndizipatisiwe iiidaba czilii-
ngileyo, I have been entrusted with the
Gospel.
um-Patiswa, /;. l. One who is authorized
to take charge of or is entrusted with
something; a commissioner.
isi-Patiso, n. 4. Anything by which one
is taken in charge, or by which he is
misled; a pledge.
uku-Patisana, v. To take mutually in
charge.
uku-Patalala, v. i. To be helpless (falling
on the hands and not able to rise).
im-Patalala, «. 3. A helpless person who
comm.ences a work without counting the
cost ; one who has no friend or helper.
ubum-Patalala, v. 7. Helplessness, po-
verty, distress, clumsiness.
uku-Patalaza, v. t. To do a work clumsily,
not skilfully; to hesitate.
i-PATI, n. 3. A tea-party, fr. Eng.
uku-PATSA, V. i. Of a horse, to tripple ; fr.
Du. pas.
ukuti-Patsha, v. i. Of the hair, to be stand-
ing in little tufts ; to be wrong in the mind ;
= tiku-Pasalala.
uku-Patshalala, = uku-Pasalala.
326
but still in view: inkomo ipaya, the cow is
yonder, there (pointing with the hand in
that direction). Phr. paya bekiipaya, apa
kulapa, there was there, here i? here.
Ngapaya, adv. Far away in that direction,
beyond, referring to a place beyond the
range of vision: ngapaya kwentaba, far
away on the other side of the mountain.
uku-Paya, v. i. To pretend that one has
done his work well, while in reality he has
scamped it ; = iiku-Lalaza.
uku-Pazama, v. i. To fail to act through
neglect or inability; to be unsteady,
thoughtless, inconsiderate ; to make a mis-
take, but not on purpose ; to be interrupted,
disturbed, hindered.
— Pazamisa, v. To hinder the sight of a
person; to cause one to see indistinctly;
to confuse, obstruct, impede, detain,
interrupt, prevent the accomplishment of
a purpose: wandipazamisa ndisafuna uku-
ieta, you interrupted me when I was
going to say more ; to prevent the pro-
gress of an undertaking; bekungekb mntu
umpazamisa kwezozono, there was none
who kept him back from those sins; to
confuse, perplex, puzzle, distract; to hurt,
wound by word or deed.
PA
isi-Pdsamiso, n. 4. and um-Pazami50,«. 6.
That which causes detention, hindrance,
confusion, difficulty, interruption.
ukuti-Pilzi, V. i. To get a glance of, to ob-
tain a momentary view of a thing.
uku-PazJma, v. To wink quickly and
forcibly with the eye, as when looking at
the sun, or as a person dying; to see
with half an eye : iiiyati indipazimilc, the
buffalo saw me with half an eye ; iig. to
err, but not with intent.
— Pazimisa, u To cause to wink; to
dazzle.
P^, interj. used by children, to escape some
duty, such as washing dishes. The child
saying it last has to do the work.
ukuti-Pe, (e prolonged) v. i. To pass, rush,
dart by (as the wind), so as to be felt; to be
carried along or urged along by a strong
wind.
im-Pe, n. 3. A small bird of the plains,
about the size of i-Ncede.
ukuti-Pefu, w. /. To breathe; to take, in-
spire, or recover breath; to respire; to
rest a while : inkabi maziti-pefu, let the oxen
rest a little.
uku-Pefumla, v. To breathe, take
breathing-space ; = ukuti-Pefu.
n. 8. Respiration.
um-Pefumlo, n. 6. Breath, breathing
principle ; the soul of man.
uku-Pefumlela, 1'. To breathe on: waba-
pefumlela, he breathed on (or at) them.
— Pefumlisa, v. To cause to breathe,
give a breath to.
uku-P'EHLA, V. t. To eat out or make a
hollow by gnawing; to bore in wood as
im-Pehla does; to produce fire by friction,
i.e. by turning or twirling violently a hard
piece of wood in a soft one, until it ignites;
to churn by moving a calabash or milkbag
to and fro.
um-Pehli, n. I. One who churns.
i-PehIa, «. 2. Butter.
im-PehIa, w. 3. An insect which bores holes
in wood and trees; impehV utnti, an auger;
dimin. impehlana, a gimlet.
um-PehIo, «. 6. The pithy wood or chips
thrown out in boring ; butter.
uku-Pehleka, v. To be churned: ibotolo
ipehlekile, the butter has come.
— Pehlela, v. To bore, make fire for.
— Pehlelela, v. (a) To bore entirely, per-
fectly through, (b) To perform the
peremony (which differs in details in the
PE
different clans) connected with the bring-
ing forth of a child, at the time when the
mother returns to her ordinary duties at
the close of her lying-in period. A
sacrifice is oifered and in some clans the
caul of the sacrificed animal is hung
about the child's neck.
um-Pehleleli, «. l. One who does what is
defined under Pehlelela; a baptizer.
u-Pehle!elo, n. 5. Initiation, baptism.
um-Pehlu, | g_ The milk obtained from
um-Pehlulu, J
a second milking after the calf has been
permitted to suck a second time.
isi-Pehlupehlu, n. 4. One who runs away,
does not listen.
isi-Peka, n. 4. The Pistol-bush, Adhatoda
duvernoia Clarke, which receives its English
name from the reports made by the bursting
capsules, and whose Kafir name may be
onomatopoeic. .
uku-P'EKA, V. t. To cook by boiling.
um Pekl, n. I. A cook.
im-Peko, n. 3. A pipebowl which is put on
a horn, used for smoking and which
contains wild hemp and fire ; any tobacco-
pipe.
isi-Pek'amafuta, «. 4. One who does a
thing in great haste; a runaway.
um-Peko, «. 6. A cooking; many pots on
the fire.
uku-Pekela, v. To cook tor another
person or for a particular purpose: ndi-
pekelwe ukutya, food has been cooked for
me; masiiripehele ngende imbiza, let us
provide plenty of food for him.
— Pekisa, v. To cause or help to cook; to
cook well.
-Pekepeke, n, 2. The receipt for the house-
tax.
isi-Pekepeke, n. 4. A runner; a person who
is in haste or out of breath; used also of a
steam engine; espec. one who hastens to
fight ; a little, troublesome thief; a shame-
less rogue.
isi-Peketshane, n. 4. Wastpeketshane uku-
baleka, he ran away in great haste.
uku-Pekezela, v. i. To hasten; to hurry.
isi-PEKl, «. 4. The spoke of a wheel ; fr. Du.
speek.
\iknt{-PG\^u, = ukiJ'-Pekuza.
uku-PekuIa, v. t. To cause to fall over.
isi-PekuIa, n. 4. Dearth.
uku-Pekuza, v. To r^ise the hands, e.g.
while endeavouring to stop or turn an
animal ; to drive away with the hand by
327
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force ; to motion away a person with '
whom you wish to have no intercourse ;
to scare or turn away an animal from the
direction in which it is proceeding:
wawap^ktiza amaxalanga, he drove away
the vultures; to beckon with the hand;
of an animal, to twitch its ears to drive
away the flies; to take a small quantity
of liquid out of a bottle, or milk from a
calabash ; fig. to give a man a drink before
the bulk of the drinking party arrives, to
beckon him off by this drink.
uku-P'ELA, V. i. To come to an end; to ter-
minate, cease: ndipeV apa ukuteta kwam,
(shortened often to pela ke!), here I finish
my speech ;>'rt;j^/' into ebitetwa, that was the
end of it, the discussion came to a close ;
ubusika bupelile, the winter is over; iiktiJla
kupelile, the food is all gone ; umsindo ouga-
peli ndawo, never ending, everlasting wrath ;
fig. to be weak; to fail, be done, worn
out: ndipelile, I am exhausted, done for;
uyapela kaloku vena, he is at the last now, is
dying; i>ikabi zake zijike zapela zonkc, all his
cattle came to an end, i.e. were gone.
In its idiomatic use it expresses adjectival
and adverbial ideas :
(a) The whole of a thing: sahamba imini
ipela, we travelled the whole day; bahlala
kona imini ipela, they stayed there a whole
day; ndipc isonka sipela, give me a whole
loaf; ndacita imali zam zipela, I squandered
all my money.
(b) Only, alone, but: knpela kwendawo
awezayo ngayo, he came on account of that
matter only ; kiipela kwam, I alone ; wanika
unyana wake ukupela kwamzeleyo, he gave
his only begotten son; u-Yesu ukupela kwe-
yeza, Jesus is the only medicine; ukupela
komsindisi, he is the only Saviour; uiiga-
tukohlisi kzvapela, you are nothing but a
deceiver; ayisalungele uio kukulahliva pandle
kupela, it is henceforth good for nothing,
but to be cast out.
n. 8. The end : ekupeleni komnyaka, at the
end of the year; ukupela kwake, his end.
im-Pela, n. 3. The end of a thing or matter;
used as adj. Finally, totally, utterly, al-
together, null and void; uyazi lento impela,
he knows that decidedly.
im-Pelo, n. 3. ) ^j^^ ^^^
131-Pelo, «. 4. j
um-Pelo, M, 6. The edge (of a table).
uku-Pelela, v. To be complete, entire:
intokazi ezisapeleleyo, females who are
still virgins; ukupelela emoyeni, to end in
PE
smoke, in nothing, i.e. vanity; to be the
last of; to assemble, congregate, flock
all to a locality: abantu bapilela entabeni,
the people are all flocking to or gathering
on the mountain; sipelele apa, we are
going no farther, this is our destination,
or we are all here; abasweleyo bopelela
kuye apa, batyebe, the needy will flock to
him to get rich; izigxeko ezipelela phu
kwake, the scorn which was showered on
him; ndap>elelwa butongo, I did not sleep
at all; ndipelelwe Uxesha, my time has
gone; upelelwe ngamandla, his strength
has failed him; wapelclwa yingqondo yaki,
he was bereft of his reason.
— Pelelela, v. To come to a final result;
to cease altogether; to be entii'ely finish-
ed; to be complete in all parts, entire.
— Pelelisa, v. To finish or complete an
enterprise fully; to pass away, spend (the
time); to give largely; into epelelisileyo,
a complete, perfect, wholly excellent
thing; to cause to assemble; wayenza
lonto ngokupelelisileyo, he did that thing
completely.
— Peleiiseka, v. To be complete, perfect,
in a finished state, n. 8. The ending.
— Pelelisela, v. To use up, appropriate
the whole: ndapelelisela bonke ubusuku
ngokulila, I spent the whole night in tears.
— Pelisa, V. (a) To cause to cease, or
fail, wear out, bring to an end, terminate ;
to put an end to; to annul, abolish,
exterminate, destroy: uzipelisile inkomo
zake, he has finished, squandered his
cattle; u-Tshaka wapelisa izizwe ezininzi,
Tshaka destroyed many tribes.
(b) To be complete, sufficient: ipelisile,
it is complete.
im-Peliso, w. 3. A consummation.
uku-Peza, v. To stop, leave off", cease,
desist: peza ukideia kwako, cease your
talking.
— Pezisa, v. To cause to stop, leave off,
cease, terminate, desist; to cause the
cessation of any operation ; to stay
law proceedings.
i-Pela, w. 2. The cockroach commonly
found in the huts of natives.
i-Pel'amehIo, n. 2. A black woodborer.
i-Pelele, «. 2. Nothingness, inanity, vanity.
uku-Peieka, v. t. To go with; to accom-
pany : undipelekile, he accompanied me.
um-Peleki, «. i. Qne' who accpnxpanies
on a journey.
328
PE
uku-Pelekana, v. To accompany one
another : ndapelekana naye, I went with him.
— Pelekela, v. To accompany, conduct
or attend a short distance on a journey,
as a mark of respect.
— Pelekelela, v. To accompany a person
on the whole of his journey.
um-Pelekelelane, «. i. A companion on
a journey.
uku-Pelekezela, v. To accompany a person
on a journey and return with him again
to the place of starting.
im-Pelesi, n. 3. The female attendant
who accompanies a bride to her new
abode in the character of maid, and
remains there with her for a season
until she is accustomed to her new
situation ; at present it is used for nurse-
girl. (For the change of ka into si, cf.
uku-Koka, obselete word meaning to lead,
and in-Kosi, a leader, chief.)
um-Pemba, n. 6. Shrub with white flowers
and edible roots.
uku-Pemba, v. i. pass, penjiva. To make
preparation for and light a fire : pemha
iimlilo, light or kindle a fire. Phr. upemh'
eshiya, he kindles a fire and leaves it, i.e. by
talebearing he causes quarrels.
u Pembi-shiya, n. 1. ^
i-Pemba-shiya, n. 2. > One who lights
i Pemba-lishlya, n. 2. )
a fire and leaves it to do damage, i.e. a
tale-bearer, a gossip, a scandalmonger.
im-Pemb'enkulu, ??. 3. Turning point,
catastrophe, adj. Great, majestic, sove-
reign: yimpemb'enkulu indlala, the dearth
is very severe.
isi-Pemba-mlilo, n. 4. The money called
for by the bridegroom's people from the
duli on its arrival, which must be pro-
duced before a fire can be lit for the
duli. (A threepenny bit would be
enough. )
uku-Pembeka, v. To be kindled, used fig.
of hot words between two who are con-
versing.
— P^mbela, v. To make or kindle a fire
for another person: upenjelwa ngiibani?
who kindles your fire for you, i.e. who is
your wife? Phr. uzipembela emoyeni, lit.
you are lighting a fire for yourself in the
wind, i.e. you are^ building a house of
cards.
— Pembelela, v. To rake up, stir a fire ;
to light a pipe for one ; fig. to inflame,
animate; to instigate, stir up strife,
dissension or war.
RR 329
PE
im-Pembelelo, n. 3. Instigation, stii-ring
up, abetment, encouragement, influence :
unempembelelo enkulu, he has great influ-
ence.
i-Pempe, n. 2. A small, temporary hut in a
garden to afford protection to those who
work there in the summer months, a cot-
tage; dimin. ipentshana.
im-Pempe, n. 3. A boys' whistle, = i-Mpempe.
im-Pempete, «. 3. A totally bald head.
im-Pemvu, n. 3. (from uku-Phnha.) An
animal with a white stripe on the front
of the head: ihashe elimpemvu, a horse with
a white face : fem. impemviikazi.
uku-Penapena, v. i. To writhe; to have
stomache-ache.
uku-P^ndla, v. t. To search the head for
vermin; fig. to examine, investigate, search
thoroughly into a matter; to weigh, pond-
er: masiyit'i.idle lendawo uteta yona, let us
search into this matter of which you speak.
n. 8. A thorough search.
uku-Pendlulula, v. t. To open, untie a bag:
yipendlulule inxowa yenqolowa, open' the
sack of corn.
isi-Pendu and isi-Pendupendu, n. 4. Tum-
ult, uproar ; ukuteta isipendu, to give verbose
but evasive answers.
uku-Penduka, v. To alter, change; to
turn off from a direct line of walking ;
to take another turn; fig. not to be
reliable: upendukile ezwini lake, he has
changed his mind in respect to his word ;
he has gone from his word.
im-Penduka, n. 3. Change, turning.
uku-Pendukana, v. To use many words
about one matter, to employ tautology.
— Pendula, v. t. To turn down in a pot a
piece of meat which the boiling water
cannot reach ; to turn over the meat in the
pot so as to get the best cooked parts from
the bottom ; to turn a thing over ; = Petula ;
fig. to answer or reply to a question or
argument: upendule walungisa, thou hast
answered rightly; wapendula watt, he
answered and said.
n. 8. Answering, answer.
um-Penduli, n. I. One who answers,
replies.
im-Pendulo, n. 3. An answer, reply.
isi-P^ndulo, n. 4. (a) A portion of meat
taken from the pot before the rest is
dished up.
(b) That which being given as an
answer displeases.
PE
PE
um-P^nduIo, «. 6. The muttering of a ' i-Penyane, n. 2. (a) The diamond sparrow,
naughty child when bidden to do some-
thing contrary to his present inclination.
uku-PenduIana, v. To answer one an-
other: ungiibanina wcna, ukuba upendula-
ne no-T'txo? who art thou that repliest
against God ?
— Penduleka, v. To turn oneself outside,
i.e. to disclose one's heart or mind.
— Pendulela, v. To give meat out of the
pot before dishing up ; to turn a
garment inside out; to wear a kaross
with the woolly or hairy side out; to
turn up one's eyes : waivapendulela amehlo,
he turned his eyes up; fig. to answer for
another; to render an account; to be
responsible for: woyipcndulela inkomo
ukiilahleka kwayo, you will be responsible
for the loss of the cow ; uyazipeitdtilela,
he answers for himself.
im-Pene, n. 3. Laziness, remissness, dila-
toriness; giving up, leaving off a work
soon after commencing it: unempene
ngani? why do you so soon give up
working? why do you not persevere?
isi-Pene, Mistake, etc., = isi-Posiso.
uku-Peneneza, v. L = uku-Pika.
im-Pengempenge, One who is insufficiently
clothed ; = i-Mpengempenge.
uku-PenguIa, v. t. To search for so as to
find; to find that which is sought for; to
discover, bring to light that which is hidden
or lost ; to search out.
— Pengulula, v. To search out thorough-
ly; to examine, investigate: ziphigulnle-
ni izibalo, search the scriptures.
u-PenguIuIo, n. 5. Search.
uku-PenguIuleka, v. To be searchable :
ayipeiiguhdeki imigwebo yake, his judg-
ments are unsearchable.
— Pengupengululela, v. To search for
with diligence; to investigate thoroughly.
ukuti-Penupenu, v. i. To be overbalanced;
to be about to fall.
ukuPenuka and Penupenuka, v. To lose
one's balance (as a drunkard) ; to go
sideways; to fall backward, on the back.
— Penuld, V. To make or cause one to
lose his balance; to toss one to and fro;
to push or throw over a person or thing,
as in wrestling or by tripping up; fig. to
deprive one of an expected favour by
exposing his bad character.
— Penulela, v. To toss down: bampemi-
lela eweni, they tossed him down from
the rock.
Petronia superciliaris (Blythe).
(b) A small boat, canoe.
i-Pepa, n. 2. and im-Pepa, n. 3. See under
ukuti-PepL
uku-Pepa, v. t. pass, petshwa. To dodge,
evade, elude by a sudden shifting of place;
to avoid, escape danger by suddenly
starting aside: u-Saul wabinza, u-Davide
wapepa pambi kwake, Saul cast the spear,
and David stepped aside out of his presence.
adv. figoknngapkshwa, unavoidably.
— Pepela, v. To dodge or evade from; to
escape from seizure by twistings and
contortions of the body.
— Pepisa, V. To cause one to escape
(a blow) ; to save from an enemy.
— Pepap^pisa, v. To shun: lomntu wa-
petshivapetshwa ngabanye, this man was
shunned by others.
ukuti-P'EP'E, V. i. To flutter, as paper in
the wind.
i-Pepa, «. 2. (a) Anything light, such as
the leaf of a book or a leaf of tobacco;
used, with a playing reference to the
Eng. word paper, for paper, a letter;
a fold. Dimin. i-Petshana, a little skin, a
small kaross.
(b) Consumption.
-Pepa-ndaba or i-Pepa-lendaba, n. 2.
A newspaper.
m-Pepa, n. 3. Fine, light chaff of maize;
old human excreta.
im-Pep6, n. 3. Em. i-Pep6. ^a) A light,
soft, gentle, cool breeze of air which
comes up in the afternoon : yabeta impepb,
it blew a soft, cool wind; dimin. babetwa
yimpetshana , fresh air blew on them, (b)
The air. (c) Generic term for ■ the
everlasting flowers, which are used for
making a bed for expectant mothers.
isa-Pepana, n. 4. A flower belonging to
the order Compositas, with reference
apparently to the broad ray-florets.
uku-Pepeta, V. t. pass, petshetwa and pepelwa.
To fan ; to turn or blow away or off, as
dust with the mouth, or any light sub-
stance by the wind or waving of the
hand : haiijengomququ opetshelwa tigumoya,
they are like the chaff which the wind
drives away ; iiigubo iyapepcliva vgumoya,
the cloth is rapidly being blown away by
the wind ; fig. to alienate, seduce, undo
by wickedness; to ruin; to render con-
ciliation impossible.
PE
V. i. To turn, move as a weathercock ;
to flutter as light things in the wind ; fig.
to change from one thing to another.
i-Pepeta, n. 2. One who alienates, se-
duces; applied to the devil as the seducer
of men.
uku-Pepeteka, v. To be blown away, to
fly quickly away; fig. to be wanting in
growth; to be in a ruined state, entirely
gone, as corn which has disappeared
after having vegetated.
— Pepetekisa, v. To blow away: ipepa
liyapetshetekiswa ngumoya, the paper is
being blown away by the wind.
— Pepeza, v. i. To blow, as the wind.
— Pepezela, v. To flutter about ; to wave,
as a flag : umoya uyapepezela, the wind is
turning from one quarter to another;
to tremble, as leaves; fig. to move
unsteadily.
— Pepezeleka, v. To be fluttering.
— Pepezellsa, v. To cause to flutter:
umoya uyazipepezelisa ingubo, the wind
makes the garments flutter.
— Pepuka, V. To be blown away or
down ; to shift off or away with a gust of
wind : iitiili liiyapepuka, the dust is driving
off; amagqabi ayapepiika, the leaves are
being blown away.
— Pepula, V. pass, petshulwa. To blow
away or down; to shift or drive away:
umoya iiyayipepula incwadi, the wind drives
the paper away; fig. to remove out of the
way.
uku-Peqa, v. t. To overturn, etc.; = Petula
and Qetula.
i-PESE, w. 3. A peach ; fr. the Du.
ukuti-Peselele, v. i. To go away stealthily,
quickly, rapidly; to escape from danger.
Pesheya and ngapesheya, prep, and adv.
Beyond, on the other side: ndivela pesheya
kolwandle, I come from beyond the great sea;
inkomo mazidle ngapesheya, let the cattle
feed on the other side (of the river) ; pesheya
kwe-Nciba, beyond the Kei, the Transkei.
i-PESIKA, n. 3. A peach; fr. the Du.
uku-PETA, V. t. To dig ground over with a
spade ; fr. Du. spitten.
uku-P'ET'A, V. t. To bind the border of a
mat with a double or Q^-narnental line; to
hem a garment, finish it off by giving an
edge or border to it ; fig. to finish, terminate,
complete, close a speech; to stop, check,
hinder: wayipeta inteto, he closed the speech; |
to hedge. I
PE
isi-Pet6, n. 4. Anything which terminates ;
the end of a speech.
um-Petd, n. 6. (a) The edge of a mat,
garment; the rim of a cup or basin; the
edge of the eyelid ; fig. the end, termina-
tion, conclusion: ngompeto, at the end;
umhla wompeto, the last day.
(b) A roll of matting; fig a roll of
parchment or paper ; = /-P£?/^/o.
uku-Petela, v. To put on, envelop, wrap
round, e.g. the blanket round the left
hand and part of the guard-stick when
preparing for combat; to put on armour;
to take arms ; to be ready for an attack ;
to manage.
i-Petelo, «. 2. ) . ,
isi-Petelo, n. 4. ] ^ P^P^^ ^ag or enve-
lope in which things are wrapped; a
kaross wrapped round the left arm while
fighting; fig. that which deceives or
disappoints.
isa-Peta and isi-Peta, n. 4. A bow for
shooting arrows.
i-Pete, n. 3. The kernel of a fruit.
Petelele I iuterj. Pshaw ! you make useless
suggestions !
Petdio, adv. Last night ; = Pezolo.
i-Petshana, n. 2. Dimin, of i-Pepa. (a) Rem-
nant, residue, rest, (b) A little skin; a
little piece of paper.
isi-Petshane, «. 4. Schistostephium flabelli-
forme, L., a medicinal plant used for
coughs and colds.
u-Petshu, n. I. A handsome person.
ukuti-Petu, V. i. To be thoughtless, light-
minded.
im-Petu, n. 3. (a) A maggot; dimin.
impetwana. (b) Treachery, falsehood,
deceit; see i-Kaka.
isi-Petu, «. 4. A squinting eye: sazipetit,
we wept.
ubu-Petupetu, n. 7. Light-mindedness,
thoughtlessness.
uku Petuka, v. i. To be turned over; to
alter, change the course in walking,
—Petula, (a) v. t. To turn over, over-
turn, (b) V. i. To return, rally: inkunzi
iyapetula, the bull returns to fight after
having run away.
ukuti-Petyepetye, v. (tribal). To bend to and
fro ; = Betyebetye.
Pewula, 11. 2. Cotyledon coruscans Harv.,
used as medicine for swelling and earache ;
see um-Nyadala.
uku-Peza, see under uku Pila.
331
PE
Pezi, 11. 4. (a) A deep valley, dale or gully, uku-P'IKA, v. t. To oppose, contradict, con-
isi-1
(b) A fragment, shred.
Pezolo, adi; Yesterday evening; last night
umke ktca pezolo, he left last night and no
later; see i-Zolo.
Pezu and ngapezu, prep, and adv. Upon,
above : yibcke pezu Iwctafile. put it upon the
table. It serves also to express comparison,
"above, more than": ubidumko bulungile
ngapezu kioamandla, wisdom is better than
strength ; uqalekiswe ngapezu kwezinto zonke,
cursed art thou above all things.
u-Pezu komk6ba and u-Pezu komkono,
V. I. lit. over the yellowwood, or over the
arm. The Red-chested cuckoo, or Piet
mijn vrouw, Cuculus solitarius Steph., so
called from its cry. Its cry in spring-
time is the signal for people to sow maize
eka-Pezu komkono (&c. inyanga), September
or October.
Pezulu and ngapezulu, prep, and adv.
Above, high up, aloft, upwards; kangela
pezulu, look upwards; intaka ipapazela
pezulu, the bird flies high above ; pezulu
ezulwini, above in heaven; amanzi anga-
pezulu kwesibakabaka, the waters which
are above the sky; wesuka pezulu kuye,
he rose up against him. It is also used
comparatively: U7iakd ukwenza okungape-
zulii kwesikucclayo, he is able to do above
all that we ask; ezizinto zinzima ngapezu-
lu kaktdu kunezo, these things are much
heavier than those; zinyaniekele ezezulu
izinto ngapezulu kwezomhlaba, be interested
in the heavenly things more than in the
earthly.
Ngokungapezulu, adv. Much, more.
um-Pezulu, «. 6. The top, the upper part.
Pi? (a) contract, for Ptnaf where? (b)
adv.=ptpipt. Some undefined distance a-
way : zernka zati xa zipi zambona, when they
were far away they saw him.
um-Pi, K. I. See uku-Pa I.
im-Pi, n. 3. An army of warriors, ready for
battle; a drove of ants marching like sol-
diers ; fig. an enemy, foe, adversary, anta-
gonist : uyimpi kuin, you are my enemy.
Phr. lemp' imakivcnkwe, lit. this army of
boys, i.e. the white people, because they
have not been circumcised.
ubum-Pi, n. 7. Enmity.
uku-Picota, v. t. To examine, inquire,
search thoroughly into ; to analyse.
um-Picoti, n. I. One who searches into a
thing.
332
tend, dispute, object, deny obstinately: ku-
tkva ubile wap'ika, it was said he had stolen,
but he denied it ; to quarrel, fight, persist
constantly: wnpika nento yake or naye, he
contended about his matter or about him,
i.e. he made many words about it or him.
um-Piki, n. I. A lover of contention or
strife.
i-Pika, n. 2. Difficulty of breathing; short,
hard breathing after much exertion;
asthma ; a sharp pain in the chest or side
occasioned by over exertion, as in run-
ning; a stitch.
i-Pike, n. 2. A quarrel ; the point, cause
or object of strife, contention, contest or
debate.
uku-Pikana, v. To contend with each
other.
— Pikela, v. To contend, dispute a thing,
deny for a certain purpose : upikela nto-
nina? for what are you contending? to
strive, endeavour, labour for, trouble
about : bapikela ukunga bangangena ebomi-
tii obujigunapakadc, they strive to enter
the life everlasting ; lip'ikeV ukuna, it rains
persistently.
— Pikelana, v. To do a thing often in
order to gain a certain purpose, or to
continue at something without being
disheartened: abaiitu abasebep'ikelcne ne-
nkanuko zentliziyo zaho, people who had
long striven with the desires of their
hearts; bap'ikelana naye, they took pains,
troubled themselves about him ; umtanda-
zo upikeletie nokutshona kwelanga, the
prayermeeting went on till sunset.
Used adv. with the meaning of continu-
ing without being disheartened; kupike-
lene nokutwa.sa kivcnyanga zonke, from one
new moon to another.
— Pikelela, v. To oppose entirely; to
dispute from first to last; to venture,
hazard.
— Pikisa, V. To cause to dispute, oppose
in debate, contradict; to pick a quarrel
with a person: yinina undip'ikise? why do
you continually contend with me? umise-
Iwe ukuba abengumqondiso opikiswayo, he is
set for a sign which is spoken against.
— Pikisana, v. To be divided, or of
different, opposite opinions upon a mat-
ter; to contend with or contradict each
other; to argue against each other; to
quarrel : intsimbt ziyap'ikisana, the church-
bells are contending with ont another
Pi
(when several are ringing at the same
time).
im^Pikiswano, «. 3. ] Contention, strife,
u-Pikiswano, n. 5. )
disputing between one another.
isi-Pikiswano, n. 4. Anything by means
of which a dispute is maintained, matter
of contention.
uku-Fikisela, v. To cause one to contend
for another.
isi-Pika, n. 4. The deltoid muscle on the
side of the neck, Musculus sterno-cleido-
mastoideus.
i Piko, «. 2. A wing of a bird, bat or insect;
a fin of a fish ; the side flap of a saddle ; fig.
a wing of an army.
i-Piko elikulu and i-Piko elincinci, «. 2.
Two side-rooms or 'beds' in the girls'
game u-Notwayisi.
im-Pikwane, n. 3. (a) The lap of a gar-
ment, (b) Short horns which diverge
backwards like wings, (c) A spreading
war-headdress, (d) Long crane-feathers,
(e) The resting place of a great flight of
birds.
uku-Pikica, To examine, eic. •, — uku-Cikida.
uku-P'ILA, V. i. To enjoy health ; to become
well, sound; to live; to recover from sick-
ness ; to be convalescent : ndisapilile, I am
in health; wnpila kwesosifo, he recovered
from that sickness ; to feed, subsist : ndipila
tigamasi, I live on milk.
«. 8. Health, life-time : 7idinokuptlana, I
have a little health.
im-Pilo, M. 3. Active life, health, vigour;
means, sustenance, food, living : lo upose
yonke impUo abe nayo, she cast in all the
living that she had.
uku-Pilela, r. To live for: ukuze sipUele
ebulimgiseni, that we may live unto
righteousness.
— Pilisa, u To restore to health; to cure,
heal : eliyeza landipilisa, this medicine
cured me; ndaplliswa izono, I was cured
from sin; to invigorate, revive : hayiptlisa
inkomo, they revived the lean cow by
bringing it to good pastures; ndizipilisile,
I have revived, strengthened myself.
um-Pilisi, «. I. One who heals.
um-Piliswa, n. I. One ^ who has been
healed.
im-Piliso, n. 3. Recovery of health, sus-
tenance, support, food, victuals; faith-
healing, as practised in certain native
ehurches.
isi-Piliso, n. 4. That by which health is
restored ; remedy, support, victuals.
um-Piliso, n. 6. Healing, curing.
isi-Pill, n. 4. That which is small and sparse ;
a paring, shaving.
isi-PlLl, w. 4. A looking-glass, fr. Du. spiegel.
uku-Pililinga, v. i. To look out, search out.
isi-PlLlNGANE, n. 4. Locusts, fr. Du. spring-
haan.
uku-Pima, 'Em.-uku-Pumn.
— Pitnisa, v. To cause to come out, i.e. to
induce a female to leave the hut in
which she is, for immoral purposes; to
have any kind of unlawful intercourse
with a female; ukuphnis' amate, to spit,
throw out spittle.
um-Pinyiswa, «. i. A harlot, prostitute.
isi-Pimiso, «.4. That which a man gives the
parents or guardians of a woman that
she may become his mistress for a
limited time.
uku-Pimisela, v. To bring out or to
cause to come out for; to bring fully out;
fig. to speak out, confess fully ; to utter
or speak words distinctly, plainly:
akakwazi ukuliplmisela ilizwi letu, he
does not know how to pronounce our
word properly ; to explain, declare, affirm :
phnisela ungabatnbl ngentliziyo, explain or
state it plainly, do not keep it in your
heart, adv. ngokuphniseleyo, expressly.
im-Pimiselo, n. 3. and isi-Pimlselo, «. 4.
Utterance, emphatic speaking.
uku-Pimiseleka, v. To be expressly
stated; used as adv. ngokupimiselekileyo,
explicitly, expressly.
i-Pimpi, n. 2. The ringhals or spitting
snake, Sepedon haemachates (Lacep.); Em.
unobiya.
Pi-na? interrog. adj. and adv. Where? at
what place? bapi-na or bapi abantwana?
where are the children? lipt-na ihashef
where is the horse ? kupi napt, everywhere,
wheresoever. With the copula it means
"which of two or more?": lilipi-na ihashef
which horse is it? ngiiwupi-na until eniwuta-
ndayo? which tree is it you like ? what or
what kind? u-Ngqika wantisa bupi-na ubu-
kumkani? what or which kingdom did Gaika
establish? nitanda ukuba ndinikiilulele wu-
pi-na? which will ye that I release unto
you? wasifela ngakupi-na ukufa? by what
kind of death did he die for us? sisoiio
sipi-na eso? what sm is thdiO. boka bavuswe
benayipi-tia imizimba? with what bodies
I shall they rise? With the possessive
333
PI
particle it means "belonging to what
place": lomntti ii/igozvain or wap'i/ from
which tribe does this person come ? uago-
ivaivitpl-mi uniztf of what city art thou?
zczajn-iin eziiikoiuo .' to what place or to
whom do these cattle belong?
Kangapi? How often.
Ngapi-iia? adv. In what direction? /m'/.'z
ngai'i-iiaf or simply ;"J-ra/ where do
you come from ? uya ngajn-na f where are
you going to? Preceded by the proa
subj. it signifies ''how many? " zingapi-na
igusha zakof how many sheep have you?
haugai>'i-na ahantimna bake/ how many
children has he ?
Pi-pi-pi, Somewhere.
uku-P'INDA, V. i. Toreturn to the same
place ; to double, lay or fold together, as
a table cloth; to lay double; fig. to repeat,
do over again ; to reiterate, recapitulate :
andisokup'iiida ndilitctc clolizwi, I will not
speak that word again ; adv. ngokujnnJhvcyo,
double.
Phr. ukHphid' indicia, of a bride, to pay
her first visit home after marriage (this
happens about six weeks after the marriage,
when the bride is accompanied by a little
girl from her husband's place; the littl
attendant is entitled to receive a frock or
other present from the bride's people.)
im-Pinda, n. 3. The double: nlp'unUsi
kiiyo (iiitoinbi) impinda, and return to her
the double (measure of corn).
u-Pindo, n. 5. The bending of a river
where it forms an angle.
um-Piiida, //. 6. Revenge.
um-Pindo, n. 6. A fold or dog's ear in a
book or paper.
uku-Piiidapinda, v. To repeat often,
frequently.
— Pindana, v. adv. ngokiip'indeueyo, twofold.
Phr. ohvahalsha hiyap'indaiia, lit. -the
usivazi of the young people is often
repeated; (iiswazi here is the bottle of
brandy which the bridegroom or young
husband is expected to take whenever he
visits his wife's people.)
— Pindeka, v. To be doubled, to be
two-fold or manifold.
— Pindezela, v. To retaliate by bringing
evil on a person as a retribution for bad
conduct; to avenge, revenge; to make
reprisals.
um-Pindezeli, n. I. A revenger, etc.
im-Pindezelo, //. 3. isi-Pindezelo, n. 4.
and u-Piiidezelo, n. 5. Recompense,
334
PI
revenge, vindictive justice, retribution
for evil conduct : iinpindezelo yeyam,
vengeance belongeth unto me.
uku-Pindezelela, v. To revenge for:
inusaiii ukuzipindczelela, avenge not your-
selves.
— Pindisa, v. To cause to double; to
make double ; to cause to return ; to give
back or in return; to send back that which
has not been accepted; fig. to translate.
uku-Pinga, v. t. To intertwine; to make
a basket ; of dogs, to copulate.
im-Pingo, «. 3. Wattling, hurdlework.
isi-Pingo, n. 4. Droog mijn-keel, Scutia
indica Brog. ; a thorny bush (with edible
black berries) used for wattling cattle
folds.
uku-Pinganisa, v. To use magical arts.
i-Pinganisa, n. 2. A magician.
isi-Pinganiso, h. 4. A magical art.
ubu-Pinganisa, ;/. 7. Deceitfulness.
uku-Pingela, v. To form a fence by
weaving in bushes on stakes; to wattle:
p'liigcla isibaya, wattle the calves' fold; fig.
to entangle, ensnare.
um-Pingeli, n. I. One who wattles.
im-Pingelo, n. 3. Wattles, sticks and
laths for wattling ; bush woven on stakes ;
fig. things sitting or lying close together:
inkomo zatUwaca zayimpingelo, the cattle
were lying close together.
uku-Pingelelana, v. To entangle, ensnare
each other.
im-Piiigelelano, ti. 3. Entanglement.
i-Piiii, n. 2. (a) A stick for stirring porridge ;
an oar; a cricket bat: ibola yamapini,
cricket. Phr. singatnaptni, we are many,
(b) A small quantity of food taken from
a potful and given to old people or children.
It may not be eaten by others. This
seems to be the remains of some religious
custom.
um-Pini, fi. 6. Handle, haft of an axe or
hoe.
uku-Pinya, v. t. To harm, injure the joints
or limbs.
— Pinyapinyana, v. To be interwoven
or entangled among themselves : Icndawo
ip'inyap'inycne, this matter is complicated;
siphiyaphiyeiie nabo, we are associated,
confederated with them.
u-Pinyepinye, n. I. Lattice-work.
uku-Pinyapinyela, v. To wind like a
snake.
— Pinyela, v. To entwine, twist round;
fig. to twist about in a speech with
the intention of misleading.
PI
- Plnyelana, v. To be entangled together:
bofanclana bephtyeJene tigokweziphigo,
though they be tangled like thorns.
um-Pinyiswa, see under uku-Pima.
ukuti-Pinzi, v. i. To make a quick motion
like the twinkling of the eye; to pass
rapidly, giving an onlooker only a glimpse in
passing ; to disappear ; to be suddenly lost.
im-Pinzana, h. 3. One who disappears
from his family or tribe and lives solitary
among others; a hermit ; a few scattered
things such as a few beans in a potful or
bucketful of maize.
im-Pinzi, n. 3. The orange-breasted wax-
bill, Estrilda subflava('FiW//.y.
uku-Pipa, V. t. To clean a little child after it
has had a motion; to carry away the
the child's soiling.
— Pipila, V. To sweep off the wholi
take violently and wholly away.
Pipipi, (second 'i' prolonged), adv. Some-
where.
uku-Pisa, V. only in pass. Uyapiswa, he
desires to relieve nature ; = uya eudle.
um-a-Pisl, n. I. A great eater.
uku-Pisela, v. To insert a spear, axe, pick
or hoe into a handle. This is generally
done by making these instruments red
hot and then fixing them on the wooden
handle; fig. to burn charms in order to
destroy a place or person, or to protect
cattle, or to prepare for war.
um-Piseli, n. I. (a) One who inserts spears,
etc. (b) One who burns herbs as charms
is called umpiseli wainayeza.
im-Pisa, n. 3. A medicinal plant growing in
rivers. Cold water in which its roots are
soaked is used by pregnant women, and is
given to children to strengthen them and
prevent sickness.
im-Pisl, n. 3. The spotted hyena. Hyaena
crocuta (Erxl.) See u-Kanda. Em. A horse.
im-Piso, n. 3. Em. A large clay pot for
holding beer.
ukuti-PiTi, V. i. To disappear; to be
mixed with, hidden among other things
igusha itS-p'tit enthlambhii, the sheep was
lost among the flock; ilizivi lake landil'i-p'itt,
his word escaped me : wenza ngohiti-piti, he
did it suddenly; to be confused, to be de-
ranged in mind: kioathva-piti, there was
great confusion, uproar or amazement.
ukutana-Piti, v. To become confused
together with : ftdatana-pitt namnzwi ake, I
lost, i.e. forgot his words.
Pitlpiti, adj. Confused.
Uproar, tumult.
PI
im-Pitimpiti, n. 3. )
isi-Pitipiti, n. 4. [
ubu-Pitipiti, «. 7. )
bustle, confusion, panic.
um-Piti, Jt. 6. A mixture.
uku-Pitikeza, v. To mix, mingle together,
as fluids or other substances ; fig. to stir
up, excite, cause confusion.
um-Pitikezi-mayeza, //. l. A chemist.
im-Pitikezo, «. 3. Mixture, confusion.
uku-Pitikezana, v. Wap'it'ikezana iialanda-
wo, he mixed himself up with that affair
or matter.
— Pitikezela, v. To mix a cup for.
— Pitizela, v. To be mixed up
together; to be confused, stirred up,
agitated, violently noisy, tumultuous, tur-
bulent.
im-Pitizelo, n. 3. Uproar, strife, confusion,
great stir, tumult.
uku-Pitizeiela, v. To disturb by noise.
im-Pitizelela, n. 3. A noisy disturbance.
uku-Pitizelisa, v. To cause confusion,
disorder, disquiet, disturbance; to give
uneasiness; to cause a panic.
im-Pitizeliso, n. 3. Disquiet, disturbance.
uku-Pitiliza, v. t. To speak in broken
sentences, as a child beginning to speak, or
as a foreigner who cannot converse pro-
perly in the language of the country.
ukuti-Pitsi, r. i. To be stretched out; to
walk with stretched out legs; to stand out
or forth; fig. to be full to bursting, like a
bladder ; to be proud ; to be equal, alike.
isi-Piwo and isi-P6, Gift, grant, etc.,
see uku-Pa I.
P6, Em. = Pdfu.
ukuti P6, v. i. To be relaxed, overcome:
andozeli rigako, sendite-po, I am just dead
with sleep.
i-Poba, K. 2. (a) An empty cavity which
should in its natural state be full, (b)
That part of the human head which is
covered with hair.
im-Poba, n. 3. The head: ahinampoba, you
are empty-headed.
um-P6be, n. 6. Em. Mixture of boiled corn
with thick milk.
uku-PoboIa, v. t. To beat about the ears
with a switch.
im-Pobo!e, n. 3. A head-dress made from
the bushy part of a jackal's tail.
uku-P6bolela, v. To walk as one who is
quite tired.
i-P6co, ". 2. A small ornamental square of
bead-work worn in front of the neck and
attached to the ing-Qosha.
335
PO
PO
P6fu, contrac. Pd, adv. Then, why then, uku-P6la, r. /. To cool: uktidla sekitpolile, the
how then; in that case, therefore, and yet,
expressing astonishment, or calling for
reasons for a statement or course of action
which appears absurd or contrary to ex-
pectation : po/u andazi, and yet I don't know ;
utt-nina pofu? what are you saying then ?
pofu ubuza vganinaf why do you ask then?
usitsho nganina pofu? why then do you
make that assertion ? uti tiyatanda umsebenzi,
pofu ungatt-nina uhinqena kangakaf you say
you like work, how then can you manifest
such laziness ?
im-Pofu, n. 3. The Q\dind\ = i-Mpofu.
um-Pofu, w. 6. A tuberous root used as
medicine.
im-Pohlolokazi, n. 3. A cow with horns
standing straight up; fig. a woman with a
long face.
isi-P6hiongo, ". 4. Eight ; amadoda asipoJdo-
ngo, eight men.
im-Pohloyiyana, «. 3. An official sent with
a summons in the name of a chief ; a con-
stable.
i-Pokapoka, «. 2. Strangury.
uku-P6keIa, v. i. To speak that which
does not concern one ; to be out of order,
astray.
im-Pokela, «. 3. (a) A harbinger; the
article in grammar, (b) A kind of head-
dress, (c) Small individual things.
u-P6ko, w. 5. A dwarf millet possessing an
intoxicating quality, when infused in native
beer; it grows wild in some parts of Pondo-
land and Mashonaland, and is eaten in
times of famine.
isi-POKO, «. 4. A ghost, spirit ; = isi-Poro.
ukutl-P6ko and uku-Pdkola, v. t. To pour
out some liquor from a vessel, or to take a
quantity of grain from a bag, which is
too full ; fig. to kiss, done by a superior.
isi-P6kolo, n. 4. Anything which is stumpy,
undersized; fig. the act of kissing.
uku-P6koza, = uku-Pdkola.
— P6kozeka, r. To swell out from soaking,
as grain; to shoot up (plant).
— Pdkozisa, V. To smoke much: upokozisa
ngcnqaiva, he smokes much.
u-P6kopalala, n. 5. One who is poor, friend-
less, without a home.
um-Pdkop6ko, n. 6. A great number of
people.
im-Pokwe, n. 3. and isa-P6kwe, n. 4. Em.
isampokwe. A young shoot ; a small unripe
pumpkin ; corn coming into ear.
food has already become cool ; fig. to abate :
iiUliziyo ipolile, his temper has become cool,
is no longer excited ; of a wound, to heal :
amanxeha ake apolile, his wounds are healed.
i-PdIa, n. 2. A cool, dispassionate person.
uku-Pdlela, r. To become lax, flabby.
— P6lisa, V. To make cool; fig. to heal,
cure a wounded limb.
— Pdiisela, V. To make cool towards: ndi-
hupolisele kuho uhtishushu ham, I am cool
by letting loose my anger upon them.
i-POLlSA, V. 2. A policeman, constable,
from Eng. police.
isi-POLO, w. 4. A spur, fr. Du. spoor.
u-P6lokdhlo, n. 5. A noise, loud call.
um-Pdlok6hlo, n. 6. A wide and cylindrical
opening, as that in the Gatberg in the
Maclear district, through which one can
look or pass; a vista ; the middle, centre.
adj. Right into the heart, right between
two parties.
uku-P6loloza, r. t. To speak in a loud voice,
blab out a matter, espec. a bad one ; to
reveal a secret.
um-P6lolozi, n. i. One who blabs.
i-P6lopdlo, n. 2. )
i-P6lotshane, «. 2. [ A blabber, bab-
im-PoIotshane, ?i. 3. )
bier, liar.
i-Poma, n. 2. A clearly defined object; any-
thing which stands out, is conspicuous,
which appears great from a distance :
ipo/na Iciidlu, a big house ; fig. an evident
truth.
isi-Pdmpo, I ^^^ ,, (^) Anything
isi-Pompolo, 3
that rushes out in numbers to attack (men,
dogs, black ants); hence, plague, torment,
torture, (b) A reason.
isa-P6mpolo, «. 4. A species of black ant
that makes its nest in trees, sometimes at
a great height from the ground. The
body of a person accused of witchcraft is
sprinkled with water and then covered
with these vicious ants, so that the person
may be driven by his suffering to make
confession.
um-Pdmpo, n. 6. (a) A poisonous plant with
lancet shaped leaves of a speckled brown
colour, (b) Bad tobacco.
u-P6mpolobe, «. 5. Consecutiveness; a series
of things or persons following one another.
uku-P6ndIa, v. t. To take the outside off; to
polish; to sharpen a pole or pencil ; euphem.
to retract the prepuce,
336
PO
u-P6ndIo, V. 5. Anything sharpened for the
purpose of being inserted or fixed into
another thing; hence, a tenon or handle.
um-Pdndlo, w. 6. Handle, haft.
i-Pdndo, «. 2. Offshoot of forest trees.
im-Pondo, used in phrase nca impondo ; see i-
Mpondo.
isi-P6ndo, n. 4. A large drove of cattle.
u-P6ndo, n. 5. A horn; upbndo Iwendlovu, the
tusk of an elephant; upbndo lokulumeka,
a cupping horn ; hence anything that
suggests by its shape or arrangement a horn,
such as the iron tooth of a harrow, a tower
or steeple on a church or other building,
the wing of an army ; fig. a province : u-
pbndo Iwase Kapa, the Cape province.
Dimin. upbndwana. Phr. xa kumpondo zanko-
mo, the time when one can just see the
horns of the cattle in the early morning,
i.e. very early in the morning; ukupuma
kwempbndo zamahashe, lit. the sprouting of
horses' horns, i.e. never.
i-P6ndwana, «. 2. A round, pyramid shaped
button.
im-Pongo, n. 3. A he-goat.
isi-Pdngo, n. 4. A large, prominent forehead ;
a person with a peculiar protuberance on
the forehead.
u-P6ngolo, n. 5. and um-P6ngolo, n. 6.
A quiver for arrows or lances ; fig. cask,
box, case, chest, barrel.
uku-P6ngoma, v. i. (a) To stick out, pro-
ject, (b) To be apprehensive of evil ; to be
anxiously concerned ; to be in an awkward,
uncomfortable position, as a person leaning
on his arms and knees; fig. to have an
uncomfortable stay; to be uneasy, embar-
rassed; to feel anxious; to desert from one
chief to another.
n. 8. Anxiety, solicitude.
i-Pdngoma, n. 2. ") . , .
im-Pongoma, «. 3. ) ^ P'''°" ^^'^ ^'
apprehensive of evil ; who sits or dwells
uncomfortably ; who does not keep long
in the same position, who is restless,
uneasy, anxious.
u-Pdngomo, n. 5. Uncertainty, anxiety,
intent expectation.
uku-P6ngomela, v. To expect anxiously
or to be concerned about ; to long for.
— Pongomisa, v. To keep a person in
anxiety: koda kiibe ninina usipbtigomisilef
how long dost thou make us doubt ?
isi-Pdngozi, n. 4. A person with a peculiar j
protuberance on the forehead; a district. {
P6noshono and ngap6noshono, prep, and
adv. On this side of the river; the side of I
SS 337
PO
a river which is nearest to the speaker and
directly opposite to another person on the
other side, to whom he is speaking.
P6noyi, n. 2, Expression of praise : ipbnoyi
lentombi, a fine daughter !
PONTI, n. 3. A pound sterling; a pound
weight; one's share or due of food; from
Du. pond.
im-Pontshane, «. 3. An undeveloped or
badly-developed maize-cob.
isi-Pdntshane, n. 4. (a) Corn coming into ear,
etc. ; = im-Pokwe. (b) A simultaneous cry-
ing of children, (c) = isi-Pbntsholobe.
isa-P6ntshane, n. 4. = isi-Pbntshane (b).
isi-P6ntshoIobe, «. 4. A whirlwind: umoya
usuke zvadala isipbntsholobe, a gust of wind
raised a cloud of dust.
um-Popiya, n. 6. The tension of a sack
from the pressure of its contents : imipopiya
yenxowa, a very full sack.
im-Popdma, n. 3. Flood; an issue from a
hole, as water from a pump; a water-
spout.
uku-PoPOS:!-', V. t. To move a resolution in
a meeting; fr. Eng. propose.
uku-P6qa, v. i. (a) To slip off, as a saddle
from a horse, a pane out of a window, a
lid from a box, or a hat from one's head,
(b) To talk foolishly or falsely from sick-
ness or fear of death, to rave in delirium ;
to speak or sing by oneself or secretly; to
speak hurriedly, so as to confuse others by
interrupting them.
i-P6qa. n. 2. A poor person who promises
to give anything in return for his life
t« those who are about to kill him ; a
person who speaks much and reports
falsely.
uku-P5qeIa, v. To slip off from, as a
wheel from the axle of a wagon.
P6qo, adv. Completely: umlenze wembiza
wapukile pbqo, the leg of the pot is com-
pletely broken off; ndimi pbqo elizwini, I
stand absolutely by my word.
ukuti Pdqo, v. i. To be or become com-
pletely, as a cork shot right out of a
calabash or out of a bottle containing
fermenting leaven or compressed gas:
isivumbb site pbqo, the cork has popped
right out (through the force of the fer-
mentation in the bottle.)
u-P6qo, n. l. A religious denomination
that refuses to have anything to do with
the white man ; also called o-Notaka from
the swaying and gesticulation carried on
in their services.
1^0
isi-POR'O, «. 4. The ghost of a dead person,
who is considered to have been so bad that
he is condemned to wander about without
a resting place ; fig. spirit : waqutywa sisi-
poro esingtiratshi , he was urged on by the
spirit of pride; from Du. spook.
uku-P'OSA, V. t. (a) To throw, cast, pitch,
fling, hurl: waposa umkonto, he hurled a
spear ; posa ilitye, throw a stone ; fig. ?tdapds'
amehlo kuye, I cast my eyes on him ; euphem.
ukiiposa amanzi, to void urine, (b) Uktiposa
intaka, to watch the gardens by driving
away the birds, (c) To fail in hitting; to
miss an object aimed at : ndiyiposile intaka,
I missed the bird; ndayiposa indlela, I lost
the road; ilizwi lako liposiwe, your word
missed its aim.
i-P6sa, n. 2. A person who misses his aim
in hurling, etc. ; a bad marksman or shot.
isi-P6so, 11. 4. Hysteria in a young woman,
supposed to be due to the bewitching
influence ot a young man who has been
smoking or churning certain medicines
for the purpose of making her run to him.
um-P6swa, «. 6. =in-Giibo.
uku-P6sap6sa, v. To throw here and
there, as a child playing.
— Pdsana, v. Ndipdscfie nomsindisi, I have
lost the Saviour; to be wrong in a con-
clusion arrived at: ndaposana tiecawa,!
missed the Sunday.
— P6seka, v. To be thrown or hurled,
hence to throw oneself, rush, leap upon:
waposcka kuye, he rushed upon him ; bapo-
seka eweni, they threw themselves «)ver
the rock; to make a mistake, commit an
error.
— P6 ela, V. To throw into a certain
place: kaupo'^ele ilizwi lako, give your
word ; fig. to cause hysteria in a girl by
smoking certain medicines or by churnin,
them into a foam while uttering her name
(which action is supposed to have the
eif ect of making the girl rush to the young
man who is so smoking or churning).
isi-Pdselo, n. 4.=isi-Pdsd.
um-P6seIo, w. 6. Em. Any poisonous
plant used in poisoning.
uku-P6sisa, V. To miss in throwing; fig.
to m.ake a mistake ; to err in speech or
conduct.
Phr. ukuba andiposisi, if I mistake not,
is a frequent qualification added to a
statement.
um-PdsisJ, n. I. One who errs.
FO
im Poslso, «. 3. and isi-PAsiso, «. 4. Lit,
that which misses the mark, i.e. a mis-
take, error, transgression; fig. seed or
plants used for bewitching people.
uku Pdsislsa, 71. To cause to miss or err.
i-Posi, n. 3. A garrison ; f r. Eng. post.
uku-P6suluka and uku-P6sulukisa. See
uku-Pasuliika.
uku-P'OT'A, V. t. To twist, twine, spin, plait,
string; to file on a string: pota intambo,
twist a rope.
um-Pdti, 71.1. A twister, ropemaker.
isi-P6te, n. 4. Em. A curl or lock of hair
bound round with fine brass wire.
u-P6td, n. 5. Intertwining, hurdle work; a
long dressed lock of hair: Phr. iikulala
vgopoti, to fall down helpless; to lie
upside down.
um-P6te, n. 6. A shrivelled pumpkin leaf.
uku-P6tana, v. To interlace, entwine; to
twine into each other.
— P6teka, V. To be fit for spinning, etc.:
intambo ayipbteki, the rope does not twist
well.
— P6tela, V. To twist or spin for
another, or for a certain purpose; to
string beads.
— P6telana, v. To be interlaced together:
inwcle ezipoteleneyo, tvaster', curled hair;
hair worn in strings or ringlets.
um-P6tana, «. 6. A young eland.
P6t6p6t6, adj. Agile, quick, smart.
isi-Pdt6p6t6, «. 4. One who or that
which does anything nimbly or quickly.
uku-P6t6za, V. i. To do or work nimbly.
uku-P6t6pdt6za, v. To do a thing
nimbly.
im-Potsha, h. 3. The stealing and slaught-
ering of an animal.
isi-Pdtshongela, //. 4. Noise, alarm, ado,
strife, quarrel ; preparation for coming to
blows after high words.
uku-P6tula, V. t. (a) To clean the hands
from dirt by rubbing them with fresh cow-
dung, (b) To grind boiled corn prepara-
tory to mixing it with milk.
um P6tulo, n. 6. (a) Boiled corn ground for
toothless persons, (b) A bad custom of
drinking brandy to cleanse from incest.
uku-Pdtulisa, v. To wash one with cow-
jiung.
i-P6twe, n 2. A bird of a brown colour;
fig. a chattering person.
uku-P6tya, v. t. To trip up with the foot.
ukuti-Potyo, v. t. To pour or throw out any
viscous matter, as honey or treacle.
338
P6
uku-P6xa, V. t. To put to shame ; to make
a fool of one ; to deride, mock.
isi-P6xo, n. 4. used as adj. Abnormal,
defective, half-mad.
ubu-P6xo, n. 7. Tomfoolery; state of
being half-mad.
ubu-Pdxofa, n. 7. Foolery, harlequinade.
uku-Pdxela, v. To laugh at : undipoxela tito-
nina? why are you making a fool of me?
isi-P6yiya, «. 4. An ugly person.
u-Pdyiyana, n. 5. Play and joking with
children; anything that attracts only for a
short time; a toy, trifle, naught; see uku-
Lahla.
uku-P6zisa, v. t. from uku-Pola. To cool
(food, or oneself in the shade) ; fig. to
cool down in prosecuting an enterprise ; to
draw back from it owing to unexpected
difficulties.
i-Pdzisa, tt. 2. Anything very agreeable to
the palate or feeling.
ukuti-Pii, V. i. To be blown or puffed up,
or to blow bieatn from the mouth, as an ox
or calf in pain : Hole liti-pu, the calf is blow-
ing or is blown up ; inyaina ite-pu, the meat
emits a bad smell.
um-Pu, 71. 6. A gun, musket, firelock.
i-Pubapuba, n. 2. One who is enfeebled,
weak or languid from sickness or hunger.
uku-Pubuka, v. i. Em. To misbehave in
word and deed; to be boisterous or rude.
— Pubuza, V. Em. To slap the face or
head of a person with the open hand;
to treat with violence.
uku-Puca, V. i, A game of children played
with little stones.
uS&}-- To slip off, as .he sad.
die from a horse, or the hair from a skin
which is partly decomposed; to have the
outer skin rubbed off, abraded by a bruise :
ndipucukile yinqivelo or ngokukwela ihashe, I
have been bruised by the wagon, or chafed
by riding; to slip out of an old and lower
condition into a new and better condition ;
to become well off, after having been poor :
upucukile, he is well oft' now; hence, to
become civilised, polished : ungumntu opucu-
kileyo, he's a civilised person.
im-Pucuko, n. 3. Culture, enlightenment,
civilisation.
uku-Pucula, V. To abrade, remove the outer
skin by coming in contact with some
object ; to fret, gall, injure : isidi iyalipiicula
ihashe, the saddle galls the horse.
u-Puhe, n. l. One who keeps chattering on,
without talking sense ; = u-Haka.
PV
uku-PuhIa, V. i. To be full of marrow; to
come up plenteously, as seed sown ; to grow
fast, so as to stand straight up as a healthy
plant ; fig. to be strong, vigorous, energetic,
— Puhlisa, V. To make to grow, strength-
en: eyona nto siyipuhlisileyo zinqekeko, the
thing we have been strengthening is
sectarianism.
ukuti-Puhlu, 11. i. To come or push forth:
unkwintshana lumte-puhlu vgamehlo, his con-
science shows itself in his eyes ; fig. to act
determinedly; to have one's own way.
isi-Puhlupuhlu, n. 4. A person in a very
excitable state of mind, agitated by some
event; a loquacious, talkative, thought-
less, inconsiderate person, one hasty in
doing a thing.
ubu-Puhiupuhlu, «. 7. A wild over-
excited state.
uku-Puhlukela, v. To fly into a passion.
isi-Puka, n. 4. Fool, dolt, simpleton; a
weakminded, silly person, a blockhead.
im-Pukane, n. 3. (a) The house-fly. Phr.
sizimpt4kane, lit. we are flies, i.e. we cannot
stop pilfering; tmpukane eluhlaza, lit. a
green fly, 'a bird of the air', rumour.
See uku-Nqakulela. (b) The suit of clubs in
cards.
i-Pukaneka, n. 2. One who busies himself
with what does not concern him, e.g. one
who comes uninvited to a wedding.
um-Pukazi, n. 6. (fr. um-Pu). A big gun,
cannon ; fig. a strong, upright woman.
im-Puku, n. 3. The general name for a
mouse, with special reference to the
house-mouse. Phr. ladliwa yimpuku iqhiga,
the plan was eaten by the mouse, i.e. the
plan quite failed. See uku-Hlinza.
im-Puk'umti, n. 3. The mole-rat, Georych-
us hottentotus (Less.), which lives under-
ground and eats tubers. The name is
sometimes applied also to the Cape dor-
mouse, Graphiurus murinus (Desni).
um-Puku, n. 6. An ear ornament made of
grass.
Pukupuku, adj. Shaggy.
i-Pukupuku, n. 2. A sharp fit of anger.
ama-Pukupiiku, «. 2, pi. Soft, jelly-like
substance issuing from the intestines;
foam, froth.
isi-Pukupuku, n. 4. A person without
sense, of deranged mind.
isi-Pukupukwana, n. 4. used as adj.
Thoughtless, empty, senseless, imprudent,
ignorant, disobedient.
PU
uku-Pukuzela, v. (a) To ferment, effer-
vesce, overflow, as dough when ferment-
ed, or yeast from fermented beer ; fig. to
act as an empty, silly person; to be hasty
in the prosecution of any enterprise, (b)
To take something belonging to a person
and use it for the purpose of bewitching
him.
— Pukuzelela, v. To denounce secretly.
i-Pukutsha, «. 2. A long, hairy caterpillar.
ama-Pukutsha, //. 2. pi. Mealie meal for
stiff porridge.
uku-Pula, V. i. To finish one's work quickly,
because of its being already half-done:
siyakiipiila impahla, we shall soon finish the
washing.
im-PuIa, w. 3. The auditory passage; fig. a
fine person.
um-Pula, w. 6. Earwax. Phr. lomntu akana-
miptila, this person has not enough sense.
uku-PuIapula, t;. ?. To listen attentively;
to give attention; to hearken, obey.
um-Pulapuli, n. l. A listener.
im-PuIapulo, «. 3. Attention, obedience.
uku-PuIapuIisa, v. To cause to listen.
im-PulampuIa, «. 3. Used as adj. That
which is slippery, cannot be held fast; glib,
cf. uhiti-PuInlu.
i-Pulo, w. 2. A great hunting expedition, in
which the hunters are accompanied by
their wives and cattle.
uku-PULUBELA, V. i. To work hard, exert
oneself to earn money; fr. Du. proberen.
i-Puludyasi, «. 2. A certain sickness which
pains the whole body. A nickname for the
Progressive partj'^ in South African politics
(contracted sometimes into i-Puhi).
ukuti-PuluIu, V. i. (a) To be smooth, sleek,
slippery, (b) = iiku-Puhika.
uku-PuluIa and uku-Puiupulula, v. To
stroke, rub gently with the hand in one
direction any part of the body suffering
pain, so as to soothe it; to massage; to
stroke (a cat, hair, wool, the beard) ; fig.
to coax, flatter by patting with the hand.
uku-Puluka, v. To glide off or away, slip
or escape out of the hand, as an eel:
intambo ipiilukile or tidapiduhva yintambo
e.sandleni sam, the thong slipped from my
hand; fig. landipulnka ilizwi lako, your
word escaped me.
— Pulukana, f. To slip away; to lose or
part from, as one thing from another
ndipulukene neliswi lake, I forgot or lost
his word.
im-PuIuswa, m. 3. A fine straight thing;
straightness, smoothness; used as adj.
Straight, fine (of a tree without knots).
PU
i-PULUWA, Ji. 3. A plough; fr. Du. ploeg.
uku-P'UMA, V. i. pass, punywa. To go or
come out from a place : puma endlwini, go
or come out of the house ; ukupiima umkosi, to
go to war ;upumapi-tia? where do you come
from? ilanga lipiimilc, the sun has risen; to
arise from, issue from: ilifa ukuba lipuma
emtetweni, if the inheritance is of the law;
loba alisapumi cdingeni, it is no more of
promise. Phr. wapiim' isisu, she had a mis-
carriage; wapum' umpefumlo, lit. he gave
the last gasp, i.e. he died; inqolowa ipum'
izildmbo, the wheat sprouts; intaba ezipum'
umlilo, volcanoes; ndizipum' ezindawo, I
render these matters prominent, make
them public; mlizahipuma cndaweni, I see
my way out (of a difficulty); wapuma
kangaka, he came out so many times;
ptimaui iimhlaJdo, go out or forth to look
for something (game, charms).
«. 8. Ukupiima kivclanga, sunrise.
um-Pumi-mkosi, h. i. A warrior,
soldier.
im-Puma-langa, u. 3. Lit. the place
where the sun rises, i.e. the East.
im-Pumo, n. 3. The full expression of a
sentence, by which its meaning is dis-
tinctly understood.
isi-Pumo, p.. 4. (a) The bride's leaving
home, (b) Pronunciation in grammar.
u-Pumo, n. 5. Outlet, place of egress; fig.
departure, death.
um-Pumo, ;/. 6. The going out of a
person from a state of seclusion, which
is accompanied by certain rites and
ceremonies, as a chief's going out to
hunt, boys going out of the iSutu,
women going out after confinement.
um-Pumo tvomnhvana, lit. the going forth
of the child. A feast on the eleventh
day after birth accompanied by the
sacrifice of a goat, to mark the return of
the woman to her ordinary household
duties.
uku-Pumapuma, v. To go out and in
frequently.
— Pumela, v. To go out for a purpose :
nipiimcla nto-nina? why or for what
purpose go ye out.? to come out in view;
to appear : iipiinyelive lilanga, the sun is
risen upon him ; to come out at the top
or end: abakapumeli entabeni, they have
not yet come out on the mountain; to go
through : sebepimde emlanjeni, they have
emerged already from the river ; fcawM-
pumele umlambo, they have crossed the
340
PU
river ; sopumcla enyoheni yokufa, we shall
come out of the valley of death; undipu-
tnele, you insist on quarrelling with me ;
bawapumela ngelityt, they (the women)
went against them (the men) with a
vengeance; ilizwi lindipumele, the word
left, i.e. escaped me.
i-Pumelo, tt. 2. A field, grazing ground.
isi-Pumelo, n. 4. mostly used in plur.
Outgoings, issues, results.
uku-Pumapumeia, v. To go through,
accomplish (studies); to pervade: sipu-
nyapunyehva zizono, we are pervaded by
sins.
— Pumelana, v. To pursue after a thing:
bapumelatm nalento, they took pains,
laboured, troubled themselves about
that thing; to emulate, vie with each
other; to enter into competition with
others.
— Pumelela, v. To come out into full
view ; to be in full sight, as a person or
object on an eminence; to stand forth,
as a prominence; fig. to come out with
success; to speed, prosper; to utter, give
to understand; to disclose: wapumelela
pandle, he disclosed his mind.
im-Pumelelo, n. 3. Good luck, success,
prosperity ; good result, issue or turn out,
e.g. of a harvest : uktiba iya kuba nempume-
lelo-na indlela yetii? whether our way
shall be prosperous .?
uku-Pumaputnelela, v. To go, run, flow,
stream through, penetrate, pervade
wholly.
— Putnelellsa, v. To cause success; to
make or help to succeed: u-T'txo uyipii-
melelisile indlela yendoda, God has made
the man's journey prosperous.
— Pumeielisela, v. To bring forth
successfully to : side siwupumelelisele eko-
yiseni umgwebo, till he (isicaka) bring
forth judgment unto victory.
— Piimelisa, v. To take over, carry
through ; to cause to be over, or on the
other side.
— Piimeza, v. To cause to come or bring
out ; to go through or to pass over.
— Pumisa, v. To cause to come out; to
force out, eject; (this^form is seldom
used).
uku-Puaila, v. i. (a) To take a rest; to
cease from labour; to be quiet, at peace:
tikuba bapumle ekubulalekeni kwabo, that they
may rest from their hard labour, (b) To
speak or act inconsiderately.
PU
isi-Putnla, n. 4. One who speaks or acts
inconsiderately.
u-Pumlo, «. 5. Resting.
uku-Pumlela, v. To rest for or at a
certain place.
— Pumza, V. To give rest for a while ; to
cause to rest ; to make easy, refresh ; to
relieve from toil: ndaivupunyuzwa um-
twalo, I was relieved from the burden;
uya kuniputnza ezintshabeni zenu zonke, he
shall give you rest from all your enemies;
to lighten a load.
u-Pumzo, K. 5. Rest.
uku-Pumzana, v. To refresh one another ;
to relieve one another by taking turns at
a task.
i-Pumlo, n. 2. A wide nostril, (connected
with uku-Peftiinla, to breathe) ; see ama-
Tata.
im-Pumlo, n. 3. The nose: ezimpunilweni,
before the nose. Phr. unyawo aliinanipu-
ttilo, or, in its full form, ahinamehlo,
alunamputnlo, liiyimpumputi-tije, lit. the foot
has neither eyes nor nose, it is merely
a blind thing, i.e. be hospitable to the
passer-by, as you may meet him again;
your foot cannot smell out the man you
turn from your door and may carry you
some day to his door.
ukuti-Pumpepumpe, v. t. To cut short the
ears of a dog.
uku-Pumputa, v. t. To grope for some-
thing, as in the dark; to feel for the stom-
ach of a hungry person by giving him
food ; = tiku-Pamp>ata.
im-Pumputi, n. 3. and isi-Pumputl, n. 4.
One who gropes about like a blind man;
a sightless or blind person.
uku-Puniza, see under uku-Piitnla.
S'pSra.} -•• Tos,ipoff:,>™M
lipiincukile empitiini, the hatchet has come
off its handle ; to fall suddenly on a slippery
place.
— Puncula, V. t. To slip ofif, as a horse its
halter, or a cow the riem by which it is
tied.
im-Punde, n. 3. The relic of a family or
race ; the people who survived the
cattle-killing mania of Nongqause's time.
uku-Pundla, v. t. To use violence in forcing
a virgin to cohabit with a young chief (a
shameful practice established by Gaika
about 1810, then prohibited by him as a
crime, and resuscitated by his son Sandile
under the name of i-Siko).
u-Pundlo, n. 5. The seizure of young
women by men of dissolute habits.
341
PU
isi-PundlapundIa, ") ^ , ,.
isi-Pundlupundlu.i "■ 4- "sed as adj.
A mischievous, unruly person ; stubborn,
disobedient.
i-Pundu, 11. 2. An obtuse gable, a protrud-
ing part of a wall.
im-Pundu, n. 3. The breech; the fat posteri-
ors of man; fatness; kiva-Mpimdu, in the
land of fatness, i.e. beyond the Kei river in
Fingoland.
im-Pundulu, h. 3. According to Kafir
superstition, a bird (inlnk' ezulii) vrhxch. sets
its fat on fire and sends it down as lightning;
others says it is a ghost with a cow's head.
Certain people are believed to have an
impundulii which they have received from
an ancestor, and with which they can work
harm on others,
fig. The electric tramcar.
i-Punga, «, 2. A disagreeable odour.
uku-Punga, v. t. To blow upon hot food with
the mouth; to drink or sip slowly, when
taking anything hot ; to take a slight
draught ; to taste : andipunganga ngalentsasa,
I have not touched coffee this morning (a
polite request for refreshment) ; to drive
away, repel, ward off anything troublesome
or hurtful from food, as flies ; fig. to silence
one talking inconsiderately or at an im-
proper time by emitting a sound, as sist.
i-Punga, n. 2. The grass put by circumcized
boys before their faces.
im-Punga, «. 3. Uregs; barm of beer or
malt; ground corn boiled and used in
brewing beer.
um-Punga, n. 6. A hissing or vibrating
sound of something which flies or rushes
past ; the sound produced by steam on
raising the lid of a boiling pot; the steam
itself; fig. umpunga vokutka, the spirit,
accent, enunciation, tone or expression
with which a word or speech is pro
nounced ; plur. imi-Piiiiga, the lungs.
um-Punga, «. 6. A voluntary tribute
consisting of a part of anything taken in
theft or as spoil : usa umpunga, (meat, etc.,)
enkosini, he brings a part of his spoil to
the chief; umpunga ka ruUimente, the tax
based on Government valuation.
uku Pungezela, v. (a) To drink in small
draughts; to give to drink little by little,
(b) To give food to another between
meal-times ; to receive one in a friendly
way.
u-Pungezelo, n. 5. Friendly reception.
PU
uku-Pungezelana, v. To receive one
another in a friendly way and entertain
at once.
— Punguka, 7'. To get less ; to diminish,
decrease in number; fig. to go out of
a hut on account of the great heat ;
to relieve oneself.
— Pungula, V. To lessen the bulk (of a
bag) by taking out part of the contents;
to drink off from a vessel which is too
full ; to lessen, lighten a too heavy load or
burden; to subtract.
um-Pungulo, «. 6. That which is taken
out of a too full vessel.
uku-PunguIeka, v. To decrease, get less,
(as standing water).
isi-Punguleko, |
isi-PiinguIo, J
The portion
(a) Any chrysa-
taken from a whole.
j uku-PunguIela, v. To take off for or
j towards another person, place or thing.
u Pungulelo, n. 5. Trouble of some kind
I or another.
I im-Pungumpungu, n. 3. A slippery thing
or person.
! u-Pungupungu, «. i. |
i isi-Pungupungu, ?;. 4. J
lis which, when touched, moves its tail
about in different directions. Children
ask questions, such as ungaphia wiyoko?
where is your mother ? from the chrysalis,
and accept the next movement as the
answer indicating the direction.
(b) The crested hawk-eagle, Lophoastus
occipitalis (Daud.J, whose long slender
crest blows about freely in the wind.
uku-Punguza, v. i. (a) To look about
this way and that way, or on one side,
or backward over the shoulder, (b) To
ward off (files).
i-Punguza, h. 2. A beggar.
uku-Pungupunguza, v. To look about
persistently.
— Punguzela, v. To blow so as to cool
hot food ; to make one drink or taste.
im-Pungutye, w. 3. The black backed
jackal, Canis mesomelas Schreb., figuring
in Kafir stories as an exceedingly
cunning animal that is constantly
outwitting the other animals.
isi-Punguzulu, n. 4. An animal with one
horn, the other having been broken off.
i-Puni, n. 3. A breed of goats with small
ears.
im-Punyumpunyu, «. 3. us. as adj. Glib,
slippery.
342
uku-Punyuka, v. To slip off.
— Punyula, v. To cause to slip out of its
place, or from the grasp of another, by
using force; to unscrew, untwist; to go
off as a horse with its tether which has got
loose; to untie the penis cover; to shave
clean off.
uku-Punza, v. t. To cast the young before
the proper time of birth; to produce an
untimely birth ; to abort (applied to animals
only); of a tree, to cast its fruit. Phr.
isifo simpuuzile, the sickness did not pro-
perly break out with him.
im-Punzo, n. 3. Abortion of animals.
uku-Punzisa, v. To cause abortion in
animals.
im-Punzi, n. 3. The duiker antelope, Cepha-
lophus grimmi (L,).
isi-Punzi, k. 4. (from im-Punde). The stump
of a tree remaining in the ground after the
tree is felled.
um-Punzisa, n. 6. Witgatboom =um-Gqo-
mogqomo. The roots are boiled and eaten
in time of famine, the first water being
thrown away.
um-Punzito, n. 6. The Egossa red pear,
Phyllanthus amapondensis Sim.
uku-Pupa, V. I. pass, putshwa. To dream.
(Dreams often prevent Kafirs from acting);
kwaputshwa, it was dreamt.
um-Pupi, M. I. A dreamer.
i-Pupa, n. 2. A dream: walaula ipupa
laki, he told his dream ; ndalityila ipupa
lake, I interpreted his dream.
i-Piipara, n. 2. A kind of dream, a reverie,
trance, waking dream.
ubu-Pupaf a, n. 7. A dreamy state of mind.
uku-Pupelela, v. To denote, betoken a
coming event : isanqa sipupelela itnvula, the
halo denotes coming rain.
ukuti-Pupii, Em. = uku-Piiputeka. To fly away.
i-Pupu, M. 2. A hairy caterpillar.
im-Pupu, n. 3. Fine flour.
isi-Pupu, «. 4. (a) = isi-PApiipu. (b) Oxen
collectively.
u-Pupu, n. 5. The hoot of an animal (horse);
dimin. upupwana.
uku-Piipuma, v. t. and i. To overflow,
bubble up, boil over, gush forth, as a bub-
bling fountain ; fig. to abound in : ukuze ni-
pupiime titando, that ye may abound in love.
— Pupumela, v. To overflow, etc. for:
ulupo hvapupiimela kubo, the gift abounded
to them.
— Puputnisa, v. To cause to bubble, boil
over, etc.
—Piipiimlsela, v. To make to »bound
towards: unako u-T'txo ukupupwnisela
kuni ubabalo lonke, God is able to make
all grace abound toward you.
isi-Pupupu, 71. 4. Stupidity, silliness; one
who talks much in his sleep like a delirious
person.
uku Puputeka, v. t. To fly away in a
passion caused by anguish, fear or joy ; to
bolt, as a horse from the racecourse ; to
run about wildly.
uku Puputekisa, v. To cause to fly away
or bolt.
um-Pufu, n. 6. A mealie-stalk.
uku-Pusapusa, r. t. To tease, annoy,
irritate, offend, make angry.
ukuti-Puta, V. i. To have no understanding;
to fail, be useless : amazimba ate-puta, the
Kafircorn has failed.
uku-Puta, V. i. To be infertile; to be or
become unfruitful ; to degenerate; to fail,
die away, as vegetables destroyed by heat
or any other cause: amazimba apiitile,
the Kafircorn has failed, there is none.
um-Puta, 11. 6. A stalk which bears no
fruit; a fruitless plant; fig. a person who
does not answer expectations.
uku-Puteka, v. To be failing, defective,
fruitless.
— Putela, V. To fail for: ndiputelwe butd-
ngo, sleep fled from me.
— Putisa, v. To cause to fail : yinina uku-
ba upiithe umhlaba, why does it also
cumber the ground?
uku-Putaputa, v. i. To grope in the dark,
fumble, feel about with the hands for some-
thing like a blind or blindfolded person.
— Putaputela, v. To search for a thing
by feeling after it with the hands, like a
person in the dark.
i-Puti, n. 2. The blue duiker, Cephalophus
monticola (Thunb.). Women's caps are
made of its skin. Phr. singamaputi ahlati
nye, we are bucks of one forest, i.e. we are
friends.
im-Putshumputshu, n. 3. That which is
slippery like an eel; a slippery fellow.
ukuti-Putu, V. i. To be looking better; to
be putting on flesh again (after having
been thin); to be excellent of its kind:
tzindlu ezite-putu, beautiful houses; izikali
ezite ptdu, new sharp weapons.
im-Putumputu, ;/. 3, Lightness; fig. absent-
mindedness, thoughtlessness.
Putuputu, adj. Hasty, quick, swift, anxious.
ubu-Putiiputu, «. 7. Hastiness, hurry.
adv. Helter-skelter.
PU
uku-Pikttlima, v. pass, putunywa. To go or
come after, or in search of any thing
which has strayed, run away or been
stolen; to pursue; to come to fetch:
ndiyamputuma umfazi warn, iibalekile, I am
going after my wife, she has run away;
uputiima nto-nina kaloku? what are you
after now? uyaziputiima, he recovers him-
self. «. 8. Pursuit.
— Putumela, v. To pursue, go after, etc.,
for another : ndiputumele ihashe lam, go in
search of my horse.
— Putumisa, v. To cause pursuit of a
person or thing which has strayed or
been lost; to send in search after, to take
steps to gain.
— Putuza, V. To be stirring, hasty; to
move quickly, prepare nimbly.
— Putuzela, V. To be stirring for or about.
uku-Piiza, V. t. To draw into the mouth
from the surface of any mass of liquid; to
PU
sip, taste, drink in small quantities; to take
a draught or mouthful; fig. to kiss. Em. To
drink: amahashe ayazvapuza atnanzi, the
horses drink the water. To delay; to do or
speak late.
im-Puza, n. 3. Pondo. A drinking vessel ; =
i-Nqayi.
uku-Puzana, v. To kiss each other.
— Puzela, V. To kiss on behalf of another:
undipuzele ku-Niknzi, give Nikazi a kiss
for me.
— Puzisa, V. To give a mouthful of liquid
or tobacco-smoke to one; to give another
"a draw" from a pipe; to help to drink;
to drench as with medicine; fig. to give
a kiss.
im-Puza, n. 3. A bald head.
i-Puzi, «. 2. A pumpkin: ipuzi lomlambo,
Gunnera perpensa, river pumpkin, used for
bots in horses and cattle.
im-Puzi, «. 3. and u-Puzi, n. 5. The plant
and seed of the pumpkin.
Q
Q represents the palatal click, produced
by pressing the tip of the tongue against
the ridge of the palate immediately behind
the front teeth and drawing it suddenly
away with a smack. It appears in seven
combinations: —
(1) The simple click q, as in Qabii!
(2) The aspirate form of the simple click,
written q', as in u-Qbqoqb.
(3) The liquid form of the simple click,
in which an n sound is heard, written nq, as
in nqanda.
(4) The explosive form of the liquid
click, written nq, as hiqii.
Nouns with the prefix in-, formed from
verbs beginning with q' make inq- : as uku-
qbla, inqola; ukuqiiha, inqiibo. And plurals
of cl. 5 whose stems begin with q take inq-:
nqiv'itela, inqwitela.
(5) The voiced click, in which a g sound
is heard, written gq, as in gqita.
(6) The liquid form of the voiced click,
written nq', as in nqika.
(7) The more explosive liquid form of
the voiced click written ngq, as in ngqo.
Nouns with the prefix in-, formed from
verbs beginning with q, make ingq-:uhiqala,
ingqalo. Plurals of cl. 5 whose stems begin
with q also take ingq-: tiqambu, ingqambu.
Qal interj. of contempt and cursing: vga-
mti-qd! = makangabi yonto! makafe! may he
be nothing I i.e. may he die! unconywe qd!
you look for vain glory, only to be honoured ;
woe! damned!
Qa, adv. Only: wandinika ipeni ezine qa, he
gave me four pence only, i.e. nothing at all.
ukuti-Qa, v. i. To drink a little, a mouthful :
kaiiti-qa, drink a little (medicine).
isi-Qa, n. 4. A lump or piece of any sub-
stance (meat, etc.) ; dimin. isiqana.
um-Qa, H. 6. Stiff porridge : umqa wentya-
bontyi, water-melon soup.
um-Qa, «. 6. The tree dassie, Procavia ar-
borea (Smith), so called from its cry.
uku-Qaba, v. t. To paint, colour, smear the
body, or the face only, with im-Bola, which
for that purpose is ground and mixed with
fat; to paint wood, etc.
um-Qabi, n. i. A painter.
i-Qaba and i-Qaba-mb6la, n. 2. One who
habitually paints himself with ochre; fig.
an ignorant person, a heathen.
i-Qabo, n. 2. and um-Qabo, ». 6. Paint;
dim. umqntyana.
ing-Qaba, n. 3. (a) The red hare, (b) A
nickname for an old Hottentot man.
uku-Qabana, r. Lit. to paint each other.
To form companionship; to fraternize
with, make friends of each other; to hold
frequent intercourse: ivaqabana nam, he
made friendship with me.
QA
, A companion, mate,
To paint, colour for
i-Qaban«, n.
bosom-friend.
uku-Qabela, v.
another.
— Qabfsana, v. To assist each other in
painting the body with ochre.
i-Qabaka, n. 2. Hoarfrost ; snow : iqabaka
iyaluma, the hoarfrost bites, i.e. pains or
destroys.
uku-Qi^balaka, v. i. To protest, dissent ; to
refuse to do a thing after having promised
to do it.
um-Qabalaki, n. I. One who has no com-
munity with others; a dissenter, rebel.
Qabalata! interj. T)\sm\ss; = Pangalala.
i Qabanga, n. 2. A pimple on the face.
ukuti-Qabaqaba, v. i. To be single ; to come
one by one: izulu liti-qabaqabn, the sky
rains single drops; to be dotted or spotted;
fig. to speak only a little, a few words.
ukutl-Qabavu, v. i. To be the only one in
sight (a house).
i-Qabaza, n. 2. A raindrop.
uku-Qabazisa, v. t. To drop quickly, as
drops of rain in a shower ; fig. to give an
outline of a speech or affair, without
going into details,
i Qabatule, n. 2. A kind of lark.
uS^^efa,]"-'- To climb .o the .op of a
tree, or a ladder, or the last height of a
mountain, when one goes over it out of
sight; to reach the top; of climbing plants
like the is-Aqoni, to mount up through the
trees to the light above; to overcome,
escape from one's grasp. Era. To mount
(a horse, wall, house.)
uku-Qab6bisa, v. t. To speak out, pronounce
clearly, distinctly, plainly.
Qabu I interj. of joy. Phr. qabu u-Noqolomha
efile-nje! Joy, Qolomba's mother is dead I
(This is used when any disagreeable or
dreaded person or thing has passed away,
as the mother of Qolomba was said to be a
very disagreeable person.)
ukuti-Qabu, v. L To clear away: yatt-qdbu
inkungu, the mist cleared away; to re-
cover from fainting; to break out in joy.
isi-Qabu, n. 4. A clear blink between
showers ; a subsiding 6l pain, or recover-
ing of consciousness after fainting ; dim.
isiqatyana.
uku-Qabuka, v. i. To clear away; to be
taken away ; to cease : imvula iqabukile,
the rain has ceased ; nhiihliingu buqabukile,
TT 345
QA
the pain has ceased; umsi iiqabukile, the
smoke is gone, has dispersed ; fig. to be-
come alert, active in mind; to get awake,
watchful; to revive, to get sober after
being drunk; to get better from an ill-
ness ; to be clear, open ; to be refreshed
in body, mind or spirit by the removal of
hunger, thirst, dullness of mind or heavi-
ness of spirit ; ndip'iikudla ndiqabuke, give
me food that I may regain strength.
adv. yenza lento ngokuqabuka, do this thing
carefully, actively, diligently.
— Qabula, r. t. pass, qatyulwa. To take
off (rain, snow, thirst) ; to allay, restore,
refresh, revive, cheer, invigorate, enliven,
(always implying that something is taken
off) : qabula ubutongo, throw off the sleepy
feeling, i.e. arouse yourself from slumber ;
ndiqabule, that I may refresh myself (with
coffee); ndasela emtonjeni ndaziqabula, I
drank at the fountain and refreshed my-
self; q.:h:iln amehlo, open the eyes; fig. to
kiss.
Dimin. ukuqatyuhvana, n. 8. A little
refreshn.ent.
ing-Qabulo, n. 3. Refreshment.
ubu-Qaty ul wana, n. 7. A slight refreshing.
i-Qabuza, 71. 2. Em. A ra.in-drop; = i-Qabaza.
i-Qadi, n. 2. The woman who is appointed
to be the rafter (see um-Qadi) i.e. the
support of the great wife by bearing for her
a son who shall afterwards become chief, in
the event of the great wife's having no son
of her own.
um-Qadi, n. 6. The principal, uppermost
rafter of a roof or house, lying across the
poles which are used as pillars; fig. the
adverb in grammar.
i-Qaga, «. 2. Any small box or case which
is carried on the person ; hence a snuffbox
or the small tin box in which natives carry
their certificates of citizenship; a knob-
handle, a padlock.
uku-Qagamshela, v. t. To connect, fix or
attach one thing to another; to join to-
gether.
um-Qagi and um-Qagiyele, n. 6. A young
full-sized cock; its attempt at crowing is
rendered : unyanisile buti, it's a fact, brother.
i-Qaji, n. 2. A hasty, eloquent, brave or
haughty person.
i-Qakatnba, n. 2. (a) Any round shaped
thing, (loaf of bread, sugar, orange, pill) ;
dimin. iqakanibana. (h) A Cape Mounted
Rifleman, so called from the bullet-headed
appearance given by the little round forage-
cap they used to wear.
i-Qakambdne, n. 2. The 'helmet' lark, pro-
bably the Red-capped lark, Calandrella
cinerea (Gm.j, ordinarily called in- Tibane.
u-Qakancu, n. I. Plur. ama. A Hottentot.
uku-Qakata, v. i. To leap, spring, jump, as
locusts; to bound as a ball, or as a hammer
in forging; fig. to be lively and sprightly
in action.
i-Qakata, «. 2. A jump, leap, spring.
uku-Qakatisa, v. To make to jump; to
dodge about (in asking questions).
uku-Qakata, v. i. To speak ironically.
i-Qakata, n. 2. One who speaks ironically.
uku-Qakatela, v. To chaff, say things in
jest: uyandiqakatela, you forebode bad
luck to me (alluding to the native belief
that a man may bring on sickness or mis-
fortune by talking about it.)
i-Qakatye, «. 2. used as adj. Large: ame/ilo
amaqakatye, large, protruding eyes.
i-Qaku, 11. 2. A calabash ; a small drinking
cup made of rushes.
ukuti-Qaku, v. t. Of a thorn, to catch and
tear: a?neva andtti-qaku, the thorns have
torn my clothes.
uku-QakuIa, v. i. To hold fast, catch, as
a nail or thorn.
i-Qakuva, n. 2. A pimple, pustule on the
skin ; chicken-pox ; a pustule, full of green
matter, on the intestines of sheep.
u-Qala, n. I. The small, round water melon.
in-Qala, «. 3. A tree, Schmidelia africana
D.C.
um-Qala, «. 6. The throat : unomqala, (a) he
has a sore throat ; (b) he is covetous, greedy.
Phr. kuhla ngamqala mtiye, lit. it goes
down by one throat, i.e. throats are all
alike ; if you don't share with me the good
thing you have now, I won't share with you
any good thing I may get afterwards.
uku-Qala, v. t. To commence, begin: woqaJa
ninina ukusebeiiza? when will you com-
mence to work; baqala uhizilandiilela, they
began to excuse themselves ; ihashe liyaqa-
Iwa, the horse is being broken in; bamqala,
they commenced upon him, i.e. to bother
him; 7iguye owandiqalayo, it was he who
began to quarrel with me.
As aux.: ndiyaqala ukumbona, I see him
for the first time; ngiibani-na owaqala
wako f v/ho was the &rst present i ungaqal'
iigwebe, do not be prejudiced.
n. 8. The first (ordin-numb.) : ekuqaleni,
at the first; umtitu wokuqala, the first msin;
owokiiqala umhla, the first day; ngokokuqala,
in the first (former) time.
*A
Kuqala, adv. First: ukuba nditi kuqala
ndeza kuni, if first I came to you.
i-Qala, n. 2. Em. The old time.
adv. maqala, before, previously, of old.
ing-Qalo, n. 3. and isi-Qalo, n. 4. Com-
mencement (active).
um-Qalwa, n. 6. A young horse at the
stage of being broken in.
uku-Qalaqala, v. To be always ready to
quarrel or fight with others.
i-Qalaqala, n. 2. A hasty impetuous per-
son, who is always ready to put in his
word, and always ready to quarrel.
uku-Qalana, v. To begin together; to
commence an operation or enterprise
simultaneously.
isi-Qalane, n. 4. A small termite-mound
just forming.
uku-Qaleka, v. To be begun, commenced.
71. 8. Beginning, commencement: ekuqale-
keni, u-Tixo wadala izulu nomhlaba, in the
beginning God created the heaven and
the earth.
ing-Qaleko, «. 3. A plan.
isi-Qaleko, n. 4. The first element; the
beginning, commencement, origin (pas-
sive) : isiqaleko somhlaba, the beginning
of the earth.
uku-Qalaqaleka, v. To be begun frequent-
ly.
— Qalekisa, v. To imprecate evil upon,
denounce, curse; to pray or wish that
evil may fall upon another. Tembu : to
thrash severely (animals or persons).
ura-Qalekiswa, «. l. An accursed person.
ing-Qaleklso, n. 3. and isi-Qaiekiso, n. 4.
A curse.
uku-Qalekisela, v. To curse for: kauze-ke,
utidiqalekisele ababantu, come now, curse
this people for me.
— Qalela, v. To commence at a certain
place : lejidawo iqalela pina? where does
this matter commence?
ing-Qalelo, «. 3. and isi Qalelo, «. 4. The
^rst e\ement; = isi-Qaleho.
uku-Qalisa, v. To cause to begin; to make
some beginning, commencement.
uku-Qala, v. i. Em. To lay open: impahla
iqaliwe, the goods are ; .packed, laid open;
to jest, joke; to speak figuratively in
proverbs or parables.
i-Qalo, H. 2. and ubu-Qalo, n. 7. Jesting,
joking; speaking in figures, proverbs or
parables so that others cannot easily
understand; a proverb or current saying;
artfulness, cunning.
346
QA
uku-Qalaza, v. i. To look about in all
directions ; to be observant.
— Qalaqalaza, r. = uku-Qalaza.
u-Qalazana, n. i. A Kafir pumpkin.
in-Qalu, «. 3. The striped field-mouse,
Arvicanthis pumilio (Sparr.)
uku-QaluIa, v. t. To hoe, clear a garden
from weeds; to strip off the leaves from
twigs.
ukuti Qalulu, v. i. The break of day; fig. to
get understanding.
ukuti-Qam, v. t. To hit with a ball.
i-Qam and i-Qambu, n. 2. Splashing with
the feet in swimming : yenza iqam, make a
splash with your feet.
uku-Qama, v. t. To transfix, nail to with a
spear, or pierce with a bullet: ti-Saule wafu-
na ukumqama u-Davide nodonga, Saul tried to
smite David to the wall with the spear ; to
handcuff.
uku-Qama, v. i. To bear fruit ; to be fruit-
. ful, productive, (applied to trees and wool-
bearing animals, as sheep); to grow
luxuriantly (leaves) ; ihashe liqamile, the
horse is covered with long hair, has his
winter coat ; indevu zake ziqamile, his hair is
long and full. Phr. laqama itshoha, he ex-
pired.
n. 8. Fruit-bearing, produce.
isi-Qamo, n. 4. Fruit of trees, produce,
crop.
uku-Qamisa, v. To fructify; to cause
fruit to be brought forth.
i-Qamakazi, n. 2. A lad who was circum-
cised before the chief's son had undergone
this rite.
ubu-Qamakazi, n. 7. Circumcision not
performed at the proper time.
uku-Qamangela, v. t. To tie fast.
isi-Qamangelo, «. 4. A fetter.
u-Qamata, n. I. A name for God: sekukoku-
ka-Qamata, God knows.
uku-Qamba, v. i. To dance the night dance ;
fig. to review soldiers. Phr. ukuqamba ama-
nga, to fabricate falsehoods.
ing-Qambi, n. 3. A composer of native
dance-songs.
uku-Qambela, v. To dance in or at a certain
place.
uku-Qambaka, 7^. «. Em. To burst open from
internal pressure, as a bag or tube or as an
abscess or boil.
— Qambaza, v. t. Em. To burst open; to
cause to burst ; to pierce through.
i-Qambu, n. 2. Em. Splashing with the feet
in swimming: 7idenza iqambu, I splashed
with my U9i; = i-Qam.
QA
u-Qambu, w. 5. plur. ingqanibu. (a) The liga-
ment of the tongue, (b) A neck of land
connecting two ridges or mountains.
uku-Qambuka, = uhi-Qamhaka.
uku-Qambuza, = uku-Qambaza.
uku-Qamdiba, v. i. To invent lies, make
fabrications.
uku-Qamela, v. i. To lay the head on any-
thing for rest; to repose: siqamela ngesali,
we rest on the saddle.
isi-Qamelo, n. 4. Anything for leaning or
resting the head or feet upon; a pillow,
a foot-stool.
um-Qamelo, n. 6. Orig. a block of wood
or a small stool used for resting the head
on when sleeping; a pillow.
uku-Qamesa, v. t. To tie fast.
i-Qamesi, n. 2. A long, tough thong for
tying the milk-sack on a pack-ox; fig. a
girdle, band.
uku-Qamnda, v. i. Of children, to speak
distinctly, freely, without hesitation; to
speak often in a random, reckless manner;
to have much news to tell; fig. to go far,
away not knowing whereto.
ukuti-Qampu, v. i. To be consistent, steady,
certain.
i-Qampu, n. 2. An awl for piercing with.
i-Qamtwa, n. 2. Store, private room of a
chief.
uku-Qana, v. i. To feel much pain or dis-
comfort after conception or circumcision.
uku-Qanana, v. i. To show pride ; to boast,
hector.
isi-Qanaqu, n. 4. A short thing or matter.
The dimin. isiqanaqivana is more in use: a
small or little bit; scanty (knowledge);
short (speech).
i-Qdnda, n. 2. (a) An egg; dimin. iqandana,
a little egg. Phr. amaqanda esikwenene, the
eggs of a parrot, i.e. a very nice, pretty
little thing; imini emaqanda or kwemaqatida,
broad daylight, noon ; inyanga iliqanda, the
moon shines bright ; mandivuke emaqandeni,
mhlaumbt ode abole, let me get up from .my
eggs, perhaps they will prove rotten at last,
i.e. if I don't bestir myself, my work will
not be done, (b) A kind of large bead.
uku-Qanda, v. t. (a) To peel the bark from a
tree, (b) To deflower a woman, (c) To
sharpen a millstone.
— Qandeka, To split or burst open:
ilitye liqandekile, the stone has split.
— Qandela, v. To guess, conjecture, find
out something, as a riddle, or a dark
saying.
347
QA
isi-Qandeliso, ti. 4. A riddle.
uku-Qandisa, v. To cause to peel or split,
— Qandula, v. t. To peck, i.e. dress a
stone for grinding, which is done by
natives with a pick (or chisel): qandula
ilitye lokusila, dress the grinding-stone :
fig. ukuqandtd' amatyala, to open or dis-
cuss the preliminaries to a lawsuit; to dig
hard ground.
um-Qanduli, n. I. One who dresses
grinding-stone.
ing-Qandulo, n. 3. A hard stone or iron-
bar used for trimming the grinding-stone.
uku-Qanduleka, v. To be pecked or fit for
pecking: ilitye aliqanduleki, the stone is
not fit for dressing; iqanda liqandulektle,
the egg is pecked through.
— Qandulela, v. To peel off for: to peck
for, at, etc.: itole liqandulele eqandeni, the
chicken has pecked through the egg, (as
the result of uku-Fiikama.)
— Qandusela, v. To cause a chicken to
peck through ; to bring out a brood.
isi-Qanga, n. 4. The diaphragm.
um-Qangabodwa, n. 6. A stalk of Kafircorn
which has degenerated into a sort of reed
and no longer bears corn.
uku-Qangasa, v. i. To walk straddling like
a drunken or diseased man.
uku-Qangqa or uku-Qanqa, v. t. To stab
from beneath, rip up.
i-Qangqo, n. 2. A left-handed thrust with
an assegai or bunch of assegais.
uku-QangquIuka, v. i. To be torn open.
— Qangqulula, v. t. To tear open ; to lance
an abscess; to rip up with a knife; fig. to
explain, make clear.
\ng-^ang({gimbb, = ing-Qaqambd, plur. of u-
Qaqambo.
uku-Qanqa, v. i. To be or live now here,
now there.
ama-Qinqalala, «. 2. pL Haughty words.
uku-Qanqalaza, v. i. (a) To be in open
view, exposed; of the moon, to shine
bright, (b) To sit straight up; fig. to be
haughty, insolent, contemptuous, hard,
stubborn; to manifest haughty indiffer-
ence towards any subject; not to yield to
conversion.
um-Qanqalazi, n. I. A boaster, a haughty
person.
u-Qanqalazo, n. 5. Haughtiness, pride,
defiance, insolence.
in-Q4nq6lo, «. 3. The Dikkop or Cape Thick-
knee, Oedicnemus capensis Licht.
OA
isi-Qanyongo and isi-Qanyonyo, «. 4. us, as
adj. Haughty, imprudent.
isi-Qdpu, «. 4. A small piece of meat.
ukuti-Qapij and uku-Qapuka, v. i. To he
raised ; to appear suddenly, e.g. of some-
thing coming into sight from over a hill :
umlilo ut\-qapu, the fire appeared suddenly;
of something which has been lost, to turn
up again suddenly.
ukutl-Qapu, V. i. To puff out, in smoking a
pipe: kaundipi ke nditi-qapu, give me your
pipe for a 'draw'.
i-Qapu n. 2. Wild cotton.
um-Qipu, M. 6. Wild cotton plant. (Two
species : Gomphocarpus fruticosus R.Br.
and physocarpus Mey.).
ukuti-QapiJiq^pij, v. To puff out gusts of
smoke when smoking.
Qapuqapu, adj. Soft, light and long (wool,
hair).
ubu-Qipijqi^piJi, n. 7. Any light, downy or
feathery thing.
uku-Qapiza, v. t. pass, qhtshuzwa. To puff
smoke from a pipe; to raise dust, as a
person sweeping a floor, or a horse
galloping along a road. v. i. To force
one's way through thick bush or under-
wood.
uku-Qapula, v. t. To let blood ; to bleed a
person; to vaccinate, inoculate.
u-Qapula, n. 5. A thorny shrub.
u-Qapiilo, «. 5. The act of bleeding one;
vaccination.
uku-Qapuleka, v. Ilizwi liqapuleka nge-
ntsobi, the word shoots forth by a side-
wind.
Qaqa, n. 2. The striped muishond, Ictonyx
capensis Kaup., chiefly noted for the
disgusting odour which it produces when
irritated. Phr. akuko qaqa liziv' ukunuka,
no polecat feels its own smell, i.e. no one
knows his own deficiencies, keep your own
place.
u-Qaqa, n. 5. A ridge of stones on the
upper part of a mountain.
uku-Qaqa, = uku-Metsha.
u-Qaqo, == u-Metsho.
ukuti-Qdq^ and uku-Qaqa, v. t. To cut
open a seam (of a sack at its mouth which
often causes slight crackling sounds); to
open a paraffin tin ; to tear open by force
(a letter, lock, box) ; to pick, unravel wool ;
to unpick any sewing.
uku-Qaqeka, v. To be torn, broken (mesh
from mesh); to be ripped open: wauqaqi-
ka-ke utnnata wdbo, their net was breaking;
34«
QA
to be here and there, as smallpox ; or in
a line, but separate, as buttons.
— Qaqaza, v. i. To make a chattering
noise with the teeth.
— Qaqazela, v. To gnash or grind the
teeth, as from rage, cold or suffering;
fig. of a wagon, to rattle, clatter.
— Qaqazelisa, v. To cause gnashing and
chattering of teeth.
uku-Qaqadeka, v. i. To become hard, as a
road well trodden down, or as ground
hardened by the sun; to be strong; fig.
intliziyo eqaqadekileyo, a hardened heart.
— Qaqadekisa, v. To make hard.
uku-Qaqamba, v. i. (a) To be of a pure
white colour; to be bright, glistening; to be
without blemish, (b) To pain with a throb-
bing sensation ; to beat rapidly, as the pulse.
u-Qaqamb6, n. 5. Whiteness, pureness,
glory. Plur. ing-Qaqambo and mg-Qangqa-
mbo, great, excessive pain.
uku-Qaqambela, v. To smart intensely;
to throb strongly: waqaqanjelwa ngama-
tambo, he was pained with rheumatism.
— Qaqambisa, v. (a) To cause pain by
punishment ; to punish,
(b) To make pure.
u-Qaqaqa, «. 5. Couch or quick-grass
( ? Triticum junceum P. de B.)
ukuti-Qaqaqa, v. i. To keep on making the
sound qa, as a stone rattling down a zinc
roof.
uku-Qaqata, v. i. To go up.
uku-Qaqaula, v. i. To be very white,
bright, glittering, grand, splendid, excellent,
stately, glorious.
i-QaqauIi, n. 2. us. as adj. Bright, white,
splendid: inguho ezimaqaqauli, bright
garments.
ubu-QaqauU, n. 7. A bright, shining
whiteness, such as that of the sun in his
strength and glory, or iron in a furnace
at a white heat; fig. visible glory, (as
opposed to uztiko, invisible glory) : xa nti
wafika u-Nyana womntii esebuqaqaidini
bake, when the Son of Man shall come in
his glory.
uku-QaqauIisa, v. To make white, bright,
glorious, etc.
uku-Qaqaza, etc. See under uku-Qaqa.
ukuti Qaqe, = uku-Qaqa. ^
um-Qaqo, «. 6. Fringe, border, lace.
i-Qaqoba, n. 2. A thorn of the umqaqoba;
fig. a certain number, not many; a small
gathering of any thing.
Dim. iqaqobana, a small number.
OA
um-Qaqoba, n. 6. Gymnosporia buxifolia
(Linn.). Sim says that in Peddie Schotia
speciosa Jacq. also receives the same name,
and in Pondoland G. buxifolia and Scolopia
zeyheri (Am.) share it. The name seems
to indicate any prickly material fit for
kraalwood.
Qaqolo, n. 2. The Bell crane, Bugeranus
carunculatus (Gm.).
in-Qaqu, n. 3. Jumping in running.
uku-Qaqulula, v. t. To strip off (the leaves
from a green switch by drawing it through
the hand).
ukuti-Qafa, v. i. To laugh aloud.
isi-Qarala, «. 4. Loud laughter.
ukuti-Qasa, v. i. To rush among and disperse,
as a dog among sheep.
uku-Qasha, v. i. To choose, pick out, give
the preference to; to draw lots; to guess;
to hire (a servant) ; fig. ukuqasha intombt
yigomlomo, to choose a girl for a wife
(see uku-Gana) ; waqash' upahla, he courted
a girl that was objected to; see isi-To;
ukuqasha inyama, to pick out meat when
an animal is being slaughtered.
i-Qasho, n. 2. Part of something, esp.
of meat.
uku-Qashana, v. To engage one another;
to betroth.
— Qashisa, v. To decide a matter by
casting lots.
•■^nilhu/* ^- . ] That which falls to
isi-Qashiso, n. 4. )
a person on casting lots (part of meat) ;
a lot : masenze amaqashiso, let us cast
lots ; a guess, riddle.
uku-Qashisana, v. To become engaged to:
waqashisana naye, he became engaged
to her.
uku-Qashambula, v. i. To resist; to make
efforts to get free ; to struggle, kick about.
ukuti-Qashiqashi, v. i. To guess.
ama-Qashiqashi, n. 2. pi. Guessing,
chances and mischances, adventures, bad
events.
i-Qashu, n. 2. A mealie-cob on which the
grains are already hard, prepared for
food by being roasted.
ukuti-Qata, v. i. To alight suddenly: into
engaianga-qata entliziyweni yam, a thing
which never came into my mind ; kutt-qata
enkumbulweni yam, or lenkumbido ye-qata
kum, it just occurs to me; safika kut^-qatci
imvula, we arrived just when the rain set in.
uku-Qata, v. t. To take advantage of: ndi-
mqatile lomntu, I had th« best of the
349
QA
bargain in dealing with that man; to ask or
deal sharply, subtly, artfully; e.g. to squirt
milk from a cow's teat into a person's
eyes instead of into his mouth, so as to
drive him away from the cow and obtain
the milk for oneself, as a big boy does to
a little one who is milking.
uku-Qatanlsela, v. i. To be dishonest; to
cheat (of one's wages).
um-Qitanlseli, n. i. One who misleads,
cheats people.
u-Qataniselo, /;. 5. Dishonesty, cheating.
uku-Qata, v. i. To make a cracking noise
with the jaws, as when one is eating
hard-boiled or roasted maize.
i-Qata and i-Qatana, n. 2. us. as adj.
Somewhat stiff or hard: lendawo iqata,
this matter is difficult; wateta qata or
ngeliqatana, he spoke with a rough voice.
i-Qata, n. 2. The ankle.
i-Qatalala, n. 2. us. as adj. Clumsy, untidy,
dirty: amaqatalala, untidy, dirty people.
um-Qatane, n. 6. Hard biscuit, ship's biscuit,
hard bread.
um-Qatango, ?i. 6. A narrow, dangerous,
stony path; a ledge; fig. danger on both
sides, a dilemma, a fix; a serious outlook.
ubu-Qati, «. 7. Indifference.
Qatshu-mbetshu ! interj. used e.g. by a
person who has been warned not to touch
a certain article and in spite of warning
handles it and lets it fall and be broken.
The full exclamation is : qatshu-mbetshu atsha
amatanga okopiilcla.
um Qatu, n. 6. Grasshopper. Locusta
viridissima; fig. a stubborn, unmanageable
person or animal : inkomo zimqatu, the cattle
are \inm^r\a.ge3.h\e;babemqalu, they were
somewhat drunk.
ubu-Qatyulwana, «. 7. see uku Qabula.
ukuti Qau, v. t. To break off.
uku-Qauka, v. i. To break off, as a thong
or rope: intambd iqaukile, the thong is
broken off; fig. of the thread of life, to
break off, i.e. to die, expire; to give up
the ghost.
Phr. ukuqauka vgumqala, to be very
greedy or thirsty for; ndiyaqauka lipango,
I am perishing of hunger, i.e. I am very
hungry.
i-Qauka, n. 2. (a) A small division of a
chief's tribe, (b) Land not suitable for
gardens.
uku-Qaukana, v. To be broken oflf from.
isi-Qaukano, n. 4. Dissension, rupture,
faction, schism.
QA
uku-Qaiila, v. t. To break off or asunder
(string, strap, band, thong) ; fig. waqaula
tikuteta kwakk, he spoke briefly.
— Qaulisa, v. To cause to break off, i.e.
to hinder from proceeding further.
i-Qauka, n. 2. from uku-Qaqatila. Whiteness,
beauty.
i-QausI, n. 2. used as adj. That which is
shining, brilliant, white : amafu aqausi, the
clouds are brilliantly white; fig. a luminary,
learned man, scholar.
uku-Qava, v. i. used as n. 8. Boldness, for-
wardness, fearlessness: wnntu onokuqava, a
bold person who is not afraid (to make a
request) ; used in the perf. as an adj. with
the same meaning; umutu 0 avileyo or
oqavc kakulii.
i-Qawe, «. 2. A choice, selected thing; a
skilful, wise, expert person; a champion,
brave man; a gentleman, an ostentatious
person, a swell ; dimin. i-Qmvana.
ubu-Qawe, n. 7. Grandeur, magnificence,
pride, bravery.
uku-Qaya, v. t. To invite to a feast.
uku-Qaya, v. i. To be stiffnecked, hard.
i-Qayl, n. 2. A proud, haughty person; a
matter to boast of.
i-Qayiya, n. 2. That which one has con-
fidence in or trusts to ; a matter to boast
of: u-Ttxo uliqayiya lam, the Lord is my
confidence.
uku-Qaylsa, v. To be proud, haughty; to
boast of what one is superior in; to
keep on praising one's own property,
such as a horse, harping on its inherent
excellence or on its superiority in
comparison with the similar property of
others: ndiqayisa ngawe, I boast of you;
isilumko masingaqayisi ngobulumko baso, let
not the wise man glory in his wisdom ;
ukuziqayisa, to pride oneself; lendoda
iziqayisa ngenkomo zayo, this man is proud
of his cattle.
u-Qayiso, «. 5. Pride, boasting, haughti-
ness.
uku-Qayisela, v. To boast of or on ac-
count of, or against another; to make
ostentatious display: wandiqayisela nge-
hashe lake, he boasted against me on
account of his horse; ndiyamqayisela, I
boast against him.
u-Qayl, n. 5. used as adj. Bare, hard: ilizwe
liltiqayi, the country is bare, has no trees.
in-Qayi, n. 3. A bald hwd.
350
QA
Qaylbebe ! interj. used by a ehild when
another has done wrong, meaning "now
you'll catch it \" = Hememe.
i-Qeba, «. 2. The dewlap of animals, the
swollen chin of a chameleon; a double chin
in a person.
um-Qeba, h. 6. A handle of a cup or other
dish, in which the handle is firmly fixed to
the dish, as opposed to um-Pambo, the
swinging handle of a pail.
i-Qebengwana, n. 2. Bread made of Kafir-
corn baked in the ashes.
i-Qebefa, n. 2. Fat: uimitu uliqebera, a stout,
fat person.
in-Qebefu, n. 3. Any person or thing that
helps out of difficulties and hindrances,
and calms restless feelings ; hence, the
igqira.
u-Qebeyl, ?/. l. A reputed poisonous snake
used by the witch-doctors, and spoken of
by the natives with great fear.
ukuti-Qebu, v. i. To have a piece broken off.
uku-Qebuka, v. i. To be taken or cut off;
of a section of an army, to break off from
the main body: kiiqehuke inxenye yasinga
e-Buwa, a portion of the army broke off
and went towards Buwa.
— Qebula, v. t. To take or cut off a part
or portion of the whole.
ukuti-Qede and uku-Qeda, v. t. Em. To finish,
bring to a termination; to settle one.
i-Qedlana, n. 2. dimin. of i-Qela. A small
company or gathering of people.
i-Qegu, M. 2. A pack-ox, or an ox used for
riding.
um-Qegu, n. 6. A number of young cattle
that are to be trained.
ukutiQeke, v. i. To stand alone; to stand
out, as a tree or house on a plain or ridge ;
to be just in front, in advance ; to go out on
the opposite side of a river from that on
which the person speaking is standing.
ukuti-Qeke, x^. /. To gape: watt-qek' iimlomo
linxano, his mouth stood wide open from
thirst. Phr. qeke uhisa, the break of day ;
intlanganiso yeqeke kiibini, the meeting split
into two.
uku-Qekeka, v. i. To crack, break, so
as to fall to pieces: isitya siqekekile, the
vessel is broken; to have a crack or gap.
— Qekekela, v. To break for: baqekeMwa
vgumkombe, they suffered shipwreck.
— Qekeza, v. To break (a vessel) to
pieces: wasiqekeza isotika, he broke the
bread into pieces; to open a book, a gar-
ment ; to put the legs astride.
351
QB
um^Qlkeza, «:6.]^''^ement, crumb; pi.
amaqekeza, the descendants of concubines ;
small change (money).
uku-Qekezeka, v. To be or become broken.
uku-Qekezela, v. To break for: okuya nda-
qekezela amawaka amahlanu izonka ezihlanu,
when I brake the five loaves among the
five thousand.
— Qekezelana, v. To be divided amongst
themselves.
i-Qekebe, n. 2. That which is big, beyond
the ordinary size.
i-Qekele it. 2. and u QekeIeb6maH, n. 1. A
person with a disproportionately big head,
like u-Bomali; a blockhead.
isi Qekevana, n. 4. Inyanga esiqkkevana, the
waning moon.
i-Qela, n. 2. A company or gathering; file,
column: iqela labantu, a company of people;
iqela latnasoldati, a file of soldiers ; amaqela
ngamaqela, by heaps or companies. Dimin.
iqedlana, with the less correct forms iqelana
or iqelazana.
um-Qela, «. 6. A scratch or mark with a pen
or pin; fig. a furrow made by a plough.
uku-Qela, v. t. To be accustomed to or
acquainted with a person or thing: ndint-
qelile, I am well acquainted with him;
sendiliqelile elosiko, I am accustomed to that
habit or custom ; imikwa wakumqela umntu,
the custom to which a man is used; into
eqeliweyo, a customary thing. The shortened
pert, has adj. signification: utango luqele,
the hedge is firm, strong.
isi-Qelo, n. 4. An accustomed want or need,
a habit.
uku-Qelana, v. To be accustomed to each
other: ndiqelene naye, I have formed
companionship with him.
— Qelanisa, v. To make accustomed with:
ndiqelanisiwe fiokuhlnla kwa nokidamba, I
have learned the secret how to be full
and how to be hungry; to initiate, con-
secrate.
— Qeleka, v. To become familiar to one by
custom: akuqeleki iikufa, death is not a
thing we ever get accustomed to.
— Qelisa, v. To accustom one to a certain
line of conduct or work ; to train ; to assist
another to form habits: uyaziqelisa, he
gets accustomed, forms habits, exercises,
trains himself in certain pursuits.
— Qeliseia, v. To accustom to, to train for.
i-Qele, n. 2. A person who is determined
to reveal nothing and out of whom it is
impossible to draw anything except 'andazi'
(I don't know) ; that which cannot be
shaken; fixedness, firmness. Plur. amaqele,
impossibility, adj. Firm, fixed, as a lid that
is stiff and unyielding.
um-Qele, «. 6. A circlet of hair round a bald
head; a frame, border; a motto, sign.
ukuti-Qelele, v. t. A military expression
meaning to come away and stand forth
alone : uti-qelele mgaina kuye, he stands away
some distance from him.
uku-(jelelana, v. Ndiqeldcnc iiabo, I stand
away from them.
ukuti-Qelem, v. i. Of a bullet, to enter the
body and remain there.
ubu-Qeleqele, n. 7. A number, collection of
nice, fine things.
uku-Qelesa, r. i. To trust absolutely in a
person, or to trust so much in oneself as to
despise others and to be quite disregardful
of them ; to be independent or self-reliant :
wena seV uqelesile-nje hUe-ninaf why are
you so independent; tiqelesUe, he is old
enough ; cf. uku-Qolosa.
u-Qelezana, n. i. The small patch which
keeps the larger patches of the leathern
kaross together.
Phr. lomntu usenguqelezana, usafana ne-
sosiba sakudala, he is restless, like a bird on
a twig; he does not remain on his land or
in his village.
uku-Q6lezela, v. i. To put one garment over
another; to put on a profusion of ribbons,
brooches and ornaments.
— Qelezelisa, v. To cause overdressing.
um-Qeliswa, 71. 6. Em. A young, unbroken
horse.
isi-Qendu, «. 4. A part of the whole
(garment); a chapter; dimin. isiqendwana,
a verse.
i-Qengele, n. 2. A swollen lump.
uku-Qengqa, v. t. To roll (a stone) from one
place to another; to bowl a ball.
ing-Qengqa, n. 3. Anything which can be
rolled over; a ball, hoop.
uku-Qengqela, v. To roll towards a place
or on account of another: ngubanina
osiqengqela ilitye? who shall roll us away
the stone?
— Qengqeleka, v. To roll over and over,
as a stone rolling down a declivity.
— Qengqelekela, v. To roll over and over
towards a certain place.
QE
um-Qengqelezi, «. 6. A steep place, steep
descent on a mountain side : bamtoba etnqe-
ngqelezini, they threw him down a steep
place.
ubu-Qengqelezi, n. 7. Steepness, declivity.
i-Qenqa, n. 2. Leprosy.
uku-Qenqeka, v. i. To be eaten away or
off.
uku-Qenqeta, v. t. To eat away, as cancer,
ulcer.
uku-Qentula, v. i. To evade, escape.
uku-Qenya, v. i. Em. To gnaw, as a dog
at bones ; - uku-Rhenya.
uku-Qepuka, (Tr'ihA) •, = uhi-Q)puka.
ukuti-Qeqe, v. i. To lose heart; to be
dismayed, disheartened.
uku-Qeqesha, v. t. To break in or train a
horse or ox for draught; fig. to train,
discipline, educate a child.
rQteYht";."5/] Training, discipline.
uku-Qeqesheka, v. To be broken in, etc.
— Qeqeshela, v. To discipline for: m.si-
qeqeshela okusilungeleyo, he chastens us
for our profit.
ukuti-Qere ; = ukiiti-Qeke.
i-Qef u, H. 2. A hook, fishing-hook.
uku-Qesha, v. t. To hire, employ as a
servant ; = uku-Qasha.
um-Qeshwa, «. l. A hireling.
ing-Qesho, «. 3. Hire, license.
u-Qesho, n. 5. The hiring, engaging.
um-Qesho, «. 6. Hire, agreement, com-
pact.
uku-Qeshela, v. To hire for or against.
— Qeshisa, v. To hire out, let out for
hire.
— Qeshisela, v. To hire for: abahlutiyo
baziqeshisela isonka, they that were full
have hired themselves out for bread.
Qete, adi\ Perfectly, completely: upilisiwe
qete, he is completely healed.
i-Qeteya, «. 2. A scab.
i-Qetseba, n. 2. A figurative phrase hiding
the real meaning; a quibble, deceit,
ubu-Qetseba, «. 7. Artfulness, cunning.
isi-Qetshana, n. 4. (Dimin. from the
obsolete stem Qepu, still found in the
derivative form Qepuka.) A little or small
piece of the whole.
i-Qetsu, «. 2. Artifice, fraud, stratagem : lomntu
tiuamaqetsu, this is a fraudulent person,
ukuti Qetii, v. i. To lose one's balance: Z/^-
qetti, it tumbled over.
352
QE
uku-Qetuka, v. i. To lean over, lose one's
balance, be overturned: inqwelo iqetukilc,
the wagon has fallen over; fig. to be un-
decided in mind ; to change often as to
purpose.
— Qetukela, v. To lean out of the per-
pendicular towards another object; to
fall on the other side or on the back ; to go
out of the road to the other side.
— Qetula, V. t. To turn over ; = ukuPetula.
— Qetulela, v. To turn or send into : wa-
mqetulela entshabalalweni, he sent him to
ruin or destruction.
uku-Qewula, v. t. Em. To cut off, draw off;
to pull in or stop a running horse ; to head
off an animal that is running away ; also =
uku-Qtwula.
i-Qeya, n. 2. A Hottentot.
ukutl-Qezu, i^. /. To be broken off: tonqiba
wesitya uti-qhu, the handle of the dish is
broken off.
i-Qezu, «. 2. A piece orportion broken off;
a fragment, crumb, morsel : ndipe iqizu
lesonka, give me a morsel of bread.
uku-Qezuka, v. i. To be broken off.
— Qdzula, V. t. To break off (a portion or
morsel of bread).
isi-Qibi, n. 4. A limit; a restricted area; a
standard in a school.
uku-Qlbika, v. t. To turn the back on one.
jku-Qikaqika, v. t. To roll about : belizu/ika-
qika, the horse has been rolling himself
about.
— Qikaqikeka, v. To be tumbled about;
to roll over and over.
um-Qikela, n. 6. The young wingless
locusts; Du. voetgangers ; fig. infantry.
uku-Qikelela, v. i. Em. To turn over in
the mind; to think of, reflect, consider.
V. t. —uku-Telekelela.
isi-Qlki, «. 4. A heap of people (fallen in
battle) : iziqiki zabaniu, heaps of dead bodies ;
ci isi-Gede. adj. Round.
ukuti Qlkili, (Em. uku Qikillla) v. i. To
turn a somersault; to lie on the back
supported by the elbows.
u Qikili-b6to and -b6twe, n. 5. A somer-
sault.
uku-Qikileka, v. To bend oneself back-
wards.
um-Qiko, n. 6. A hesip: Jmiqiko ngemiqiko,
heaps upon heaps of people or dead
bodies.
i-Qili, K. 2. A clever person; one cunning
and artful in making a bargain; one sharp
in business; an industrious person. Fem,
iqilazana.
UU 353
01
Phr. akuko qtli linokuzikota emhlana, no
one is clever enough to be able to lick his
own back, the cleverest man sometimes
tries something beyond his power.
isi-Qili, n. 4. An intelligent, energetic, in-
dustrious person.
ubu Qili, n. 7. Ingenuity, invention, artful-
ness in a good sense; sharp practice in
business transactions.
Qilika, n. 2. Strong drink made of honey
or from the prickly pear.
uQilikwana, n. 5. Mumps. A child so
afflicted says : ndiyeke, qilikwana, yiya kwaba
nenkomo, leave me and go to those that have
cattle.
u-QIIima, Em. u Qilika, n. 5. A line formed
of poles or persons, so closely set that
nothing can pass through; firmness, adj.
Proved or verified : izikali eziluqilima, strong
weapons.
i Qilimba, n. 2. A puzzling difficulty.
uku-Qilingela, v. i. To fasten tightly ; = ?</&«-
Qamangela.
uku-Qilipala, v. i. Em. To recover from
sickness ; to become convalescent.
uku-Qiliza, v. t. To call often to work; to
drive on, push, impel ; to rate, scold,
— Qilizeka, v. To be disclosed, spread.
i-Qilo, n. 2. The part under the chin near the
throat; ilanga lika-Qilo, the great drought
of 1862.
ing-Qimbd, n. 5. pi. Men, houses, etc., close
together; water in great quantity; dense-
ness, thickness: ingqimba zamafu, thick
clouds; clouds upon clouds.
u-Qimngqoshe, «. i. The hammerhead,
Scopus umbretta Gm., a sacred bird that
must not be killed. Should it settle on a
kraal, an ox must be sacrificed to avert
death. The Kafirs say that if a man robs
this bird's nest, he will become a homeless
and silly wanderer.
Phr. yati nguqhnngqoshe, ccope etyeni pezu
kwesiziba, ezibtika, like the hammerhead,
standing on a stone above a pool, admiring
himself; applied to a vain, conceited person.
The hammerhead remains for hours at the
side of a pool, and is supposed to be
admiring himself in the water and to be
saying : ndimhle ngapa, ndimbi ngapa, ndoniwe
yilendawo, I am pretty on this side, I am
ugly on this side, I am quite spoiled by this
(referring to his crest.)
i-Qina,^ «. 3. Generic term for various
mesembryanthemums, the ashes of which
are used in making soap; see uku-Gcaba,
Qi
uku-QlNA, V. i. To become solid, compact; 1
to be in the strength of one's manhood;
to be firm, fixed, steadfast : intsika iqinile,
the pole is fixed, stands firm ; umntu oqinile-
yo, a steadfast person, also a middle-aged
person; qinatii, be ye steadfast. Phr. qina
embilini, take courage; yaqin' inqaiva, on
the horns of a dilemma,
n. 8. Steadfastness.
— Qinisa, v. To make firm, strong, to tie
or bind fast: ukumkani wawuqinisa lom-
teto, the king established this law firmly;
to persevere; to act with decision, firm-
ness, energy in performing an entei^prise ;
to strengthen, ratify, confirm, sanction,
establish: niyakuqititswa, you shall be
confirmed ; to go quickly, run hard.
ama-Qiniso, w. 2. pi. Loinntn unafnaqiniso,
this man is sure, one to be trusted.
isi-Q!niso, n. 4. That which confirms or
ratifies.
uku-Qiniseka, v. To be firmly fixed; to
be settled fi.rmly; to become established:
iqiiiisekile intliziyoyake, his heart is fixed.
ing-Qiniseko, ;/. 3. Confirmation.
uku-Qinisela, v. To make firm for: u-Ttxo
usiqinisele ndawonye tiaiii kuye, God has
established us together with you in him;
to hurry up, go quickly.
isi-Qiniselo, «. 4. A seal, certificate.
uku-Qiniseleka, v. To be made very,
exceedingly firm, etc.
— Qiniselela, v. =uhi-Qinisela.
— Qinisisa, v. To fix, confirm fully; to
establish firmly.
uku-QIna, v. t. To melt the fat of the
inward parts (kidneys and caul) of an
animal; to fry meat or eggs; to roast
coffee; fig. to examine by torture in a
trial before the judge: wati tnakaqinwe
vgekatsc, he bade that he should be
examined by scourging.
ing-Qina, n. 3. The residue of melted fat.
u-QTno, n. 5. Meat prepared in a certain
way; the cutting up of fat.
uku-Qina, v. t. and i. To knot, tie or fasten
with a knot ; to be tied up, i. e. to be costive :
lomntwana uqhnle, this child is constipated.
i-Qina, n. 2. (a) A knot for fastening: iqinn
lahantu, a reef knot; iqtna lamahule, a
'granny' knot; iq'ina lomqala, a necktie.
(b) A knot of wood on a tree, (c) A
sharp and difficult ascent in a road or on
a mountain, (d) A riddle: jik' ighia, put
forth a riddle; a difficulty.
u-Qino, 11. 5. Costiveness.
QI
uku Qinela, v. To knot for a person:
ndiqmele apa lomsonto, put a knot for me
here on this thread.
i-Qindilili, «. 2. One who cannot answer
readily, adj. Puffed up.
ubu-Qindilili, n. 7. Aloofness, 'standoffish-
ness'.
i-QIndiva, n. 2. A basket for keeping small
things.
uku-Qinga, v. i. To give advice, counsel;
oftener used in a bad sense, to plot, intrigue,
devise; to baffle by intrigue; to bring into
a dilemma or difficulty; of dogs, to copu-
late. V. t. To catch in a trial.
um Qingi, «. I. An adviser in difficult
cases.
i-Qinga, «. 2. Device, trick, dodge, sub-
terfuge: imamaqinga, he is an artful
dodger; zvenze ngamaqinga, he is artful,
cunning; advice, counsel: wandipa iqinga,
he advised me ; rolani iqinga, give your
counsel ; iqinga abcliqhiga ngalomihla, the
counsel which he counselled in those days.
ubu-Qinga, n. 7. Plotting, contriving,
cunning device or design.
uku-Qingela, v. . To take advantage of a
person, e. g. to squirt milk from a cow's
teat into a person's eyes instead of into
his mouth, so as to drive him away from
the cow and obtain the milk for oneself, as
a big boy does to a little one who is
milking.
— Qlngelana, v. To plot against each
other ; to entangle each other.
uku-Qingata, v. i. To be a little more than
half full : isitya siqingatUe, the vessel is not
quite full.
isi-Qingata, n. 4. Originally, a little
more than the half; now used for the
half; a fraction; a district.
uku-Qingatisa, v. To fill a vessel, bag,
etc., a little more than half full.
uku-Qingqa, v. t. To carve roughly a figure
in wood or stone: umfanekiso oqingqiweyo,
a carved figure, image, v. i. To stay, stop
at a certain place: umntwana iiyaqingqa,
the little child tries to get up and stand.
um Qingqi, n. I. A stone-cutter, mason.
uku-Qingqela, v. To carve for.
ukuti-Qingqi, v. i. To halt, stand im-
mediately when called.
isi-QJngqi, tu 4. Istqingqi somfo, a middle-
sized person, adj. Slow, lazy, indolent,
always standing about.
ubu-Qingqi, n. 7. Shortness of stature.
354
Qi
uku-Qingqita, v. i. To take pains; to strive,
ask again and again.
u-Qino, H. 5. see uku-Qina, to melt fat.
u-Qino, 71. 5. Costiveness; from uhi-Qina.
ukuti Qipii, v. i. To open or break apart
suddenly : amafu ate qipu, the clouds suddenly-
broke ; qtp'ukusa, just at daybreak ; to have
palpitation of the heart, to be startled:
ndati-qtp'umbilini, I was startled, my heart
was in my mouth.
uku Qipuka, v. To be broken asunder,
into two; fig. ukuqtpuk'umbilini, to be cut
up in the heart; to be dismayed, struck
by fear.
— Qipukana, v. To separate from each
other,
— Qipukela, v, Baqitshiikelwa tigumbilini,
they were dismayed.
— Qipukisa, v. Followed by umbilini, to
cause to be dismayed.
— Qipula, V. t. To separate, divide; to
frighten: ukuqlpuV umbilini, to startle,
strike fear into ; to rouse ; to torment (as
a dog seizing game and letting it loose
again).
i-Qipulo, «. 2. Torment, pang, throbbing
pain.
u-Qipulo-mbilini, n. 5. Terror, dread
(active).
uku-Qipuqipula, v. To snatch a thing from
another person.
uku-Qiqa, v. i. To have a thing clear and
distinct in the mind; to take hold of an
idea or subject, so as to retain it in the
mind ; to apprehend, comprehend, perceive :
andiliqiqi elozwi, I do not comprehend that
word.
ing-QIqo, n. 3. Comprehension, perception.
uku-Qiqeka, v. To be comprehensible.
— Qiqela, v. To understand a thing
thoroughly.
— Qiqisa, v. To help or assist to compre-
hend ; to make a subject clear, so that it
can be easily comprehended,
ukuti Qiqi, v. i. To move about in a restless,
fidgety manner ; to be busy.
uku Qiqizela, = ukutt-Qiqi.
i Qitala, n. 2. One who is not skilful or
expert in handicraft, who is weak, lazy,
stupid.
ubu-Qitala, w. 7. Unskilfulness.
isi-Qiti, n. 4. Anything separated and round;
hence, an open space in the forest, an
island; dim. isiqitana.
ukuti-Qiti, v. i. To fall suddenly, as some-
thing from off one's head.
QI
ukuti-Qitiqiti, v. i. To fall or run out (corn
from the ear or a bag) ; to fall off easily
(shoes from the feet).
uku-Qitika, v. i. To fall off, of anything
that sticks fast on a body.
uku-Qitsa, v. t. To beat or domineer over,
as a big boy does to a smaller one.
isi-Qitsi, «. 4. A tumour on the cheek; a
cheek like that of a person with mumps :
isiqitsi sako, you are an ugly person, is an
abusive expression.
ukuti-Qiwu, V. i. To hold the igqudu erect
in dancing, to carry a stick erect in walk-
ing: bateqiwu amagqudu betiyatela hinye,
they danced, flourishing their sticks and
keeping step ; = uku-Q'iwiila.
uku Qiwuka, v. i. To be torn from; to be
separated from: indawo eqiwukileyo, a. se-
parated place ; = uku Qauka.
ama-Qiwuka, n. 2. pi. A cold, bleak
country; used in the locative: kusemaqi-
wukeni.
uku-Qiwukana, v. To be separated from
one another: baqiwukana nomzi wabo,
they were drawn away from their city.
— Qiwuqiwukana, v. To be broken up
into parts: imifula iqiwuq'iwukene, the
valleys are broken, i.e. full of cliffs and
ravines.
— Qiwula, V. i. (a) To handle (a spoon) ;
to draw out a sword from its sheath, or
an assegai from the bundle and hold it
ready to cut or stab ; to fix a bayonet ;
uziqtwule hibo, he tore himself from them.
(b) To make a detour, so as to cut off an
enemy's retreat; also = uku Qaula, to
break off string, etc.
— Qiwuqiwula, v. To keep tearing off,
dividing into small pieces, dismembering.
— Qiwulela, v. To draw out one thing
from among many for a special purpose*
e.g. for an attack.
i-Qiya, n. 3. A covering for the head; a
large handkerchief used for this purpose;
a handkerchief in general ; dimin. iqiyana,
a small handkerchief.
isi-Qiya, n. 4. A swaddling-cloth.
uku-Qiyama, v. i. To lean, recline against
something, with the hand under the head.
u Qiza, n. 5. The break of day ; = ?<^'M^^//jva
kwevipondo ; or the commencement of dark-
ness in the evening ; twilight.
ukuti-Q6, V. To do often, persist in doing;
used as an adv. Often, repeatedly : hisoloko
kiisina qb, it's always raining.
in Qo, n. 3. The Egyptian vulture, Du. witte
kraai. Neophron percnopterus (L.).
355
QO
uku-Qoba, v. L To be broken in body and
mind ; to be spiritless, benumbed,
stupefied with cold, etc.; fig. to journey in
the dark,
— Qobeka, v. To be in a broken state :
tigobekUe ngokusebetiza, he is broken
down by much working.
— Qobisa, v. To stupefy, cause torpor.
i-Qobiso, n. 2. That which has power to
stupefy; a stratagem, trick; pretending
to fight, but not carrying out the pre-
tence: lento kut'twa ibiliqobiso lotshaba
kupela, this was accounted merely a trick
of the enemy (who was pretending to do
great things) ; itiqu ymyamakazi eneqobiso,
the gnu is an antelope that will pretend
that he is going to fight but does not do
so.
uku-QOba, v. t. To break or crush stones
oi clods of earth into small pieces; to
grind coarsely; fig. to chew secretly, eat
greedily, as cattle in a maize-field; to
afflict, consume, destroy ; to beat so as to
wound.
um-Qdbi, n. I. One who breaks (bones).
uku-QCbaqOba, v. Bayaqotywaqotywa, they
are severely beaten, etc.
— Qdbana, v. To beat each other.
— Qdbeka, v. To be destroyed.
— QObisa, v. To cause to break or split.
— Qdbisisa, v. To break very fine.
i-Qobo, n. 2. A generic name for grass-
warblers.
i Odbo, «. 2. A root dug up and eaten in
time of hunger.
isi-Qobo, n. 4. A stick about an inch thick
«sed for fastening the door of a native hut;
fig. a bolt, bar,
um-Qobo, ;/. 6. Food; the act of grinding
anything which is hard.
um-Qobo, w. 6. The plank of wood forming
the threshold at the door of a native hut.
ukuti-Qobo, V. t. To break anything; to
munch or crunch bones.
vknti-i^ohoqoho, = ukuti-Qobo.
i QOboqObo, w. 2. used as adj. Soft, brittle.
ubu-Q6boq6bo, n. 7. Softness, brittleness.
uku-Qoboka, v. i. To be broken (wood,
iron).
uku-QoboIa, r. t. To make soft, pliable,
(a thong by fat) ; fig. to break (the will
or a horse).
in-Qoboka, «. 3. A kind of grass.
i-Qobokazana, «. 2. A dispatch-carrier.
Phr. amaqobokazana angalaV emzini alahle-
kile, girls who do not sleep at a vil!age(i.e.
QO
those who sleep on the way) get lost. This
phrase is used to thank girls for going a
message or bringing wood quickly.
uku-QoboIa, see under ukuti-Qobo.
i-QoboIa, n. 2. One who does not know a
matter properly; an uninstructed, uninitiat-
ed, untrained person.
u-Qobololo, «. 5. Walking, going, standing,
falling in a line, behind each other.
uku-Q6bosha, v. t. pass, qdtyoshwa. To fasten,
knee-halter, hobble; to put on the brake;
to button, to hook; fig. qobosha ulwimi Iwakd,
bridle your tongue; aziqoboshile amagosa,
the office-bearers are keeping themselves
back, i.e. they are not contributing to the
church-funds.
— Qdbosheka, v. To be hobbled, etc.
i-Qobozela, n. 2. (a) One who overpowers
another person, (b) An edible root.
um-Qodl, H. 6. Travelling party.
uku-Qdgana, v. i. To entangle, twist, cross
(one's fingers with another's); fig. to be
friendly with.
u-Qogo, n. 5. A strong, crooked stick.
i-Qogqina, n. 2. An aromatic shrub.
uku-Qokela, v. t. To add to, proceed in
speaking : mandiqokele ngeliti, allow me to
add a word. Used as aux. in the sense of
'further': waqokela watt, he said further.
— Qokelela, v. To bring together or collect
a number of things: baqokelela impahla,
they gathered together their goods; to
solicit, urge, importune, recommend to a
course of action by accumulated argu-
ments.
ing-Qokelela, «. 3. Collection, continua-
tion; fig. a chain.
uku-Qokelelana, v. To add to each other's
stores and possessions.
— Qokelelanisa, v. To cause to be added;
to assist each other in adding to their
possessions.
— Qokeleleka, v. To be gathered; to
gather itself.
ukuti-Qoko, V. i. Of water or blood, to stand
still, stop, cease flowing; to be dried up,
consumed.
a handle, used for drinking Kafir-beer.
uku-Qokoba, v. i. To dance (of boys).
i-Qokobe, n. 2. An empty egg-shell; a snail-
shell ; any empty shell.
ubu-Qokobe, n. 7. The hoUowness of a shell ;
a shell without a kernel.
356
QO
ama-QdkoIo, «. 2. pi. Craft, cunning, subtlety ;
that which partakes of guilt: ulwitni lona-
maqokolo, the tongue of the crafty, cunning,
subtle person.
ubu-Q6kolo, n. 7. Guile, wiliness, subtlety,
fraud; skill and dexterity employed for
purposes of deceit.
i Qokolo, n. 2. The fruit of the Kei-apple.
um-QokoIo, n. 6. The Kei-apple, the name
given to trees belonging to the genus
Dovyalis, with special reference to D.
caffra (Hook.).
um-Qokolo wezinja, n. 6. A small kind
of Kei-apple.
uku-Qokomisa, v. i. To go on with an
enterprise in spite of difficulties; to endure
to the end ; to make sacrifices in order to
accomplish an object.
uku-Qokoqela, v. i. To take to heart.
uku-Qokosha, v. t. To finish, accomplish
an object ; to eat up the last bit.
uku-Qokoza, v. i. To rattle; to go in
procession: saqokoza isizwe ukusinga kwa-
Gompo, the whole clan went in procession
to Gompo's.
um-Qokozo, «. 6. A chain.
uku-Qola, V. i. To speak of three or four
things at once ; to be drunk.
i-QoIa, n. 2. A drunkard.
uku-Q6la, I. V. i. To be hard, strong,
courageous.
i-Q6lo, n. 2. The back of a person be-
tween the shoulder-blades ; fig. hardness,
inflexibility. Phr. indoda imba kivenv'
eqolo, one man digs on another's back,
no one can succeed without help from
others; wazibeka eqolo inyawo, he put his
feet on his back, i.e. he ran as fast as he
could.
in-Qola, n. 3. Anything hard.
ubu-Q6lo, n. 7. Hardness, inflexibility;
fig. ubuqolo bencuka, fraud, deceit, cheat-
ing.
uku-Q6la, II. V. t. (a) To do homage to ; to
present gifts to a young chief at his
installation, when the ubuhlalu is put round
his neck, and when the whole tribe is put
under his sway : inkosi iqoUwe, the chief has
been installed and has been presented at
his great place with caftle from all parts ;
hence, to gain a chief's favour by a gift, to
flatter or praise hypocritically; to pay
tribute or taxes; fig. ukuqola tigotuU,
deceive, (b) To grind fine ; to perfume the
kaross or the body with uhu-Lau.
QO
um-Q6ii, n. I. A perfumer; fem. mot^<5/«-
kazi.
i-Q6la, ti. 2. A free gift of homage.
i-Q6le, n. 2. Perfume, scent.
i-Q6lo, n. 2. used as adj. Adorned: indlti
iliqolo, the house is adorned nicely.
isi-Q6lo, n. 4. (a) Spices, perfume, (b)
Fearlessness arising from having full
right.
U-Q6I0, n. 5. (a) Free gift (cattle) to a
chief, (b) Perfume.
ubu-Q6lo, «. 7. A fragrant powder.
uku-Q6lana, v. To flatter each other.
— Q6leka, v. To be in a perfumed state ;
to emit odour.
— Q6Usa, V. To fill or impregnate with
odour; to perfume, scent.
ukutl-QoIe, V. t. used in pass. To be over-
come : ndiiiwe-qole butongo or kukufa, I was
overcome by sleep, or death; batiwe-qole
sisifo, they are depressed, dejected,
dispirited by sickness.
i-QoIe, Firmness, etc., = i-Qele.
u-Qolo, «. 5. A ridge or neck of a hill; a
narrow path with precipices on each side.
um-Qolo, n. 6. (a) The backbone or spine
of an animal, the perquisite of the women
in a slaughtered animal ( = i-Maka); fig. a
mountain ridge, a bank or wall of earth;
page or column of a book ; wenze ngomqolo,
he did it with his whole heart; see i-
Namba. (b) The lintel of a door ; the round
cornice of a Kafir hut, on which the thatch
rests ; plur. imiqolo, the smaller beams (on
the top of the imiqadi) supporting the
thatch.
um-Qolodiba and Qolodiya, n. 6. Burr-
weed, Xanthium spinosum L.
ukuti-Qolokot6, v. t. To nght; = Ngolokotd.
isi-Qoloiwane, n. 4. Strength, power of a
man, or of a thing, e.g. beer.
u-QoIomashe, n. 5. as adj. Muscular, robust,
hard.
i-QoIomba, w. 2. Em.
um-QoIombJ^, n. 6.
ukuti-Qolonqe and uku-QoIonqa, v. i. To
cut out the flesh between the bones in
eating.
um-Q6lof a, n. 6. A steep place ; a tall man ;
an obstinate hard-hearted man who will
not listen to anyone.
uku-Qoiosa, v. i. = uku-Qelesa and uku-Nyalasa.
— Qolosela, Em. To give close attention
to a thing or person ; = uku-Qwalasela.
ing-QoIoselo, «. 3. Due considtration.
in-QdIowa, «. 3. Wkeat.
357
A cave in a rock.
QO
uku-Qoma, v. i. (a) To eat a small piece of
the meat of a slaughtered animal before
the guests partake, by way of assuring
them that the meat is not poisoned, (b) To
feel pain in the mind or heart. .
isi-Qomiso, //. 4. A part or share of meat
sent to someone as a gift.
in-Qombdkazi, n. 3. A dark-yellow cow.
i-Qomb6nqa and i-Qomb6nqo, n. 2. Any-
thing that is crooked, e.g. a tree or a stick.
um-Qomb6ti, h. 6. The mealy water left
after washing stamped maize; a light kind
of Kafir-beer.
uku-Q6mfa, v. i. To abort, procure abortion,
i.e. to kill the foetus before the time of birth.
isi-Qdmfo, n. 4. Abortion (applied to
women only, not to animals).
uku-Qdmfisa, v. To cause or help to
procure abortion. (This was looked
upon as a crime, for which payment had
to be made to the chief, who had lost by
this practice one of his subjects.)
in-Qomfiya, «. 3. Em. , = H-Hadi.
uku-Qona, v. i. To stoop under a weight or
pain; to press in parturition, etc.
in-Qonci, «. 3. (a) A kind of grasshopper.
(b) A sand shrimp.
um-Qonci, n. 6. The Boerbean, Schotia
speciosa Jticg.
uku-QONDA, V. t. To understand, conceive;
to hold or contain in the mind ; to compre-
hend, know the meaning conveyed by a
speaker or writer: indoda eqondayo, a man
of good common sense, who understands
things well; akuba riokitziqonda, when he
came to himself. Phr. hlaV uqondilc, be
assured.
ing-Qondi, n. 3. A person who has under-
standing, knowledge; an intelligent
person.
ing-Qondo, «. 3. Understanding, intellect,
mind, comprehension, capacity.
uku-Qondakala, v. i. To be understood,
plain, proved, evidenced, shown: okti
sekuqondakcle kalokii, now this is under-
stood.
— Qondakalisa, v. To make plain, intelli-
gible; to cause to be understood.
— Qondana, v. To understand each other.
— Qondeka, r. To be intelligible, com-
prehensible, etc.
— Qondela, v. To fix the attention stead-
fastly upon an object: waqondela pantsi,
he cast down his eyes; he fixed his eyes
attentively on the ground.
QO
~ Qondisa, v. To make another under-
stand; to unravel a difficult subject to
another; to instruct, inform, direct,
explain.
um-QondIsi, n. I. An informer, instructor,
director: umqondisi-mtetd, the Attorney-
General.
isi-Qondiso, n. 4. An ensign.
um-Qondiso, «. 6. That which conveys
instruction ; a sign, token, proof, pledge.
uku-Qondisisa, v. To set forth clearly;
to make a thing fully understood.
i-Qondo, «. 2. (a) The fastening stitch ; the
end of a piece of sewing; a stitched
border, (b) The spur of fowls and locusts.
i-Qonga, «. 2. An elevated place used for
storing fruit, corn, etc. ; a store, shelf.
isi-Qonga, «. 4. Fact, proof, evidence, = /«-
Gancko.
uku-Qonga, v. t. To paint, tattoo the skin.
— Qongela, v. To strive, take pains; to
do a thing often; to repeat.
uku-QdngoIa, v. i. To go bent from lame-
ness.
isi-QdngoIo, «. 4. used as adj. Ripe, red
(Kafir-corn).
i-Qongolokosha, n. 2. A shrub whose
leaves are used for gallsickness.
ing-Qongqo, n. 3. A dried bullock-skin
used as a drum ; see in-Gqongqo.
uku-Qongqota, v. t. To knock with the
knuckles on a bag, to see if there is
anything (tobacco, crumbs, etc.) in it; to
knock a small stone on another, or a
broken bone on a stone to extract the
marrow, or a pipe to knock out the ash.
Phr. kuqongqotwe itambo engxoxweni, they
got the last marrow out of the bone, i.e.
the matter was thoroughly discussed.
i-Qongqoti, n. 2. A woodpecker.
u-Qongqotwane, n. i. The Toktokje, a
large beetle belonging to the genus Psam-
modes, which is very common in some
districts, and well-known from its habit
of tapping on the road. The children
sing to it: mombeleleni uqottgqotwane,
igqira lendlela 7iguqongqotwane, dance to
Toktokje, Toktokje is the road-doctor;
see uk-Ombela. Phr. yimfuza ka-Qongqo-
tivane, he is a chip of the old block.
uku-Qongqotela, v. To beat one's bag
for another: ndiqongqotkle, see if you
have any tobacco for me.
ama-Qongqolo, «. 2. pi. Remnants; a few
dispersed people like those who remained
over after the cattle-killing mania, or the
358
QO
school-people who remained loyal during
the Gaika rebellion.
ukutl-Qongqololo, v. t. and /. To be poured
out, or in, so that nothing is left; to be
swallowed up entirely: iiikomo ziti-qongqolo
lo, the cattle are all gone, i.e. dead.
V. t. To lavish, expend prof usely ; to waste,
squander: wayiti qongqololo ngokucita imali
yake, he recklessly squandered his money.
uku Qongqoloza, v. t. To pour out a
bottle, drink up wholly.
— Qongqolozela, v. To pour the whole
contents of a bottle into the mouth or
down the throat.
uku-Qongqota, etc., see under ing-Qongqt
i-Oongwe, «. 2. A kind of shell-fish.
i-Q6ni, n. 2. Patchwork made of patches of
various colours.
i-Qonkolosha, n. 2. The cocoon of a kind
of silkworm.
uku-Qonomfela, v. i. To perform a work
(digging, gleaning, etc.,) often and con-
tinuously; to sit close at work.
ing-Qonomfer encwadini, n. 3. One
who sits close at reading; a bookworm.
u-Qonondo, n. 5. A steep mountain path.
uku-Qononondisa, intensive form of ukii-Qo-
ndisa, under uku-Qonda. To direct attention
towards an object ; to point out an object
to another; to investigate closely; to
explain thoroughly, so that the matter is
understood and no doubt or contradiction
remains,
i-Qonqa, «. 2. One who is loved or favoured
above others, e.g. the pet in a family; any-
thing singled out for special favour, as a
horse, a cow, or a dress.
i-Qonqa, n. 2. Anything crooked, such as a
crooked stick or tree ; plur. amaqoyiqa, used
as adj. Crooked, zigzag. Cf. i-Goso and
i-Qombbnqa.
i-Q6nqa, n. 2.
u-Qdnqa, «. 5.
from which cattle get stiff and lean;
rheumatism (?) ; dimin. iqonqwana, the
aspirate in grammar.
i-Qonya, n. 2. A large green caterpillar
that feeds on the mimosa with beautiful
silvery ornamentations on eleven segments.
The boys kill it by inverting the head and
thus pressing out the intestines; they then
roast and eat the remainder.
uku-Qopisa, v. i. To direct, order, point
out.
u-Q6pdIolo, «. 5. and ubu-Q6p6loIO, n. 7.
Slyness, cunning craftiness, trickery.
An affection of the spine.
QO
uku-Qdpdloza, v. t. To be cunning, artful,
intriguing, full of tricks.
uku-Qoqa, v. i. To carve, notch, or file a
walking or tally stick with stripes; to
beautify it so that it looks checkered.
i-Qoqa, «. 2. (a) A kind of assegai the
neck of which is filed in an ornamented
manner, (b) A carved stick used by girls
in dancing.
u-Qoqo, n. 5. Pierced or filigree v.rork;
notched edge, mural crown, pinnacle,
battlement; the rim or edge of a dish
or basket: seyimi ngoqoqo, it is already
full up to the brim.
uku-Qoqeka, v. To be carved, notched,
etc.: isitshdshe siqoqekile, the knife is
notched.
i-Qoqo, n. 2. (a) A chief's house, (b) A
hidden party of an army waiting for an
attack.
isi-Q6qdbela, it. 4. used as adj. Bitter,
strong in taste and savour ; ripe, red (Kafir-
corn).
uku-Qoqoda, v. t. To scrape off anything
which is sticking.
uku-Qdqdnya, v. i. To be at a loss what to
do; to be disheartened; to lose one's
chance ; to be a coward.
i-Qdq6nya and i-Q6q6nyi, n. 2. A
coward; cowardice; want of quickness
in performing a work, dilatoriness or
delay in acting: bendineqoqonya ukuyibi-
nza inyamakazi, I hesitated to strike the
buck.
u-Q6qdq6, ;/. 1. The windpipe.
uku-Qoqosha, v.t. To be sparing in regard to
one's food, cooking only a little, even though
one has abundance; to save time; to
shorten (a speech).
— Qoqoshela, v. To keep one's property
securely; to gather (grain, etc.) towards
one with the hands.
uku-Q6q6za, v. i. To fall in small drops ; to
drip.
u-Qdq6zo, n. 5. The dropping or dripping
of rain.
uku-Qdra afid uku-Qdfoza, v. t. To break
the maize cobs from the stem ; euphem. to
go ont to relieve nature.
ukuti-Q6f o, V. i. To break out into blossom ;
to be in full bloom.
um-Qdfo, n. 6. Chasm or cleft in a rock; a
cataract or cascade.
uku-Q6foza, = uht-Qora.
uku-Qdsha, v. t. To pin or button together;
) unite by force; to finish. Phr. igugu
litignbe likuhi, timbomh' uyaqosha, the jewel
may be precious, but it hooks the nose,
beware of casting off old friends for
the sake of new ones. adv. Quite, totally,
i-Q6sha, n. 2. (Em. um-Q6sha, «. 6.) A
button of any kind ; iqosha elingenamnxu-
ma, the button without a hole, i,e
European money.
uku-Q6shaq6sha, v. To struggle ; to force
or wedge in.
ing-Qosha, n. 3. (a) The upper edge of the
human sternum or breastbone, with which
the clavicles are articulated, (b) The
string of beads fastened to the i-Poco in
front and worn round the neck, formerly
called /- Tumbu.
uku-Qoshela, v. i. To sit down properly, so
that no private part of the body is exposed:
qoshela, sit right, properly.
— Qoshelisa, v. (a) To wind up, finish up;
to bring up the rear; to get the different
divisions of an army into one body or
regiment when forming a square; to
gather up one's tools at the close of the
day: qoshelisani, leave off working, (b)
To give a piece of money as a gratuity:
ndiqoshelise, give me some money, (c) To
cover any private part.
um-Qoshelisi, n. I. One who brings up
the rear.
um-Qosheliso, n. 6. The rear of an army;
the end of a feast.
isi-Qosho, «. 4. A thick piece of wood; a
log.
uku-Qoti, V. i. To sit still in the house with-
out working.
— Qotisa, V. i. To lie on one's back and
draw up one's feet; to guard one's face
by putting up the hands or sticks before it.
ubu-Qotflqikili, «. 7. Cunning, slyness, crafti-
ness.
ukuti-Qote, i\ i. used as adv. In numbers:
bate-qote ukufa, they died in numbers (in a
battle, plague, epidemic) ; bate-qote tikungena,
they went in to (house, bush) at once.
u-Qot6, n. 5. Hardness; fig. impossibility.
adj. Hard, dried up, lean.
ing-Qotd, w. 3. The rough edge of a dried
skin (with holes through which it was
fastened by pegs to the ground for dry-
ing) ; fig. the outskirts of a village or land;
a lean bullock. The Abambo are said to be
isizive ezin-dlebe zizingqoto, a tribe with
large holes in their ears.
uku-Qotdla, v. To be drawn together, dried
up; to be hard, as a skin; to become stiff;
to be benumbed.
360
QO
i-Qotdlolo, n. 2. Anything dry or shrivelled ;
a lean animal.
ukutl-Qdt6, V. i. To make the sound qoto, as
a drop of rain falling on the floor through
a hole in the roof.
uku-Qdt6za, v. To fall in single, noisy
drops, as rain through a hole in the roof
indlu inendawo eqbtbzayo, the house has a
leak through which the rain is dropping.
um-Qotdngo, «. 6. A tree like i-Gwanishe ;
its roots are used as chicory.
uku-Q6tsa, V. t. To dry, bake fruit; fig. to
have a good understanding.
— Q6tseka, v. To be baked.
ama-Qdtsini, n. 2. pi. Remains of food left
for the following day.
i-Qotyazana, ti. 2. usually in plural. Dispatch
carriers, commonly young girls. There is
often added angalali endleleni, who do not
sleep on the way ; = i-Qobokazana.
u-Q6viiq6vu, M. 5. used as adj. Very poor,
lean, emaciated: uqdvuqovana Iwehashe, a
horse whose bones appear from poverty.
i-Qowa, n. 2. Tatters of skin.
uku-Qoza, V. i. To go bent; to jump forward.
i-Qoza, n. 2. One given to stooping or
kneeling,
Qu, adv. Quite, entirely, totally: qu-tii, quite
still.
in-yu, «. 3. } ^^^ ggj^^ being, nature, person,
isi-vjU, n. 4- J
individuality, personality; inquyaki inye, his
person is one; identity, the very self: isiqu
sam, myself; isiqu sako, thyself; inqu yaki,
himself; ndimbone isiqu saki, I saw the very
person himself, i.e. him personally; inqu
yenkohlakalo, wickedness itself; inqu yale-
mini, the identical day; wenze ngesiqu or
vgesiqu saki, he himself did it.
(b) Body: isiqu somti, the body, i.e. the
thick stem of a tree ; unesiqu, he has a body,
i.e. he is thick, stout; isiqu sento, the chief
matter, substance, main point ; loc. esiqwini.
ubu-Qu, n. 7. The substance, personality,
individuality of a person (or thing).
ukuti-Qu, V. i. To go and return quickly;
watt-qu ngapa nangapa, he dodged about,
did not know where to go to ; (applied to
one who searches for lost cattle).
Qu, interj. an oath of strong solemn declar-
ation or denial. The person swearing
draws attention by uttering the word Hi;
he then suddenly sucks his fore-finger
withdraws it from his mouth and points
upwards, sayi.ig; qu ndingatsha kwesibomvu,
if I am telling a lie, I may burn in hell
ukuti-Qu, V. t. and /. To be or do fully, com-
pletely, wholly: l.utdlu ite-qu ngumsi or
lutiili, that house is full of smoke or dust ;
amanzi att-qu, the water is scalding hot,
sending off a cloud of steam; uttdite-qu
ngamanzi, he has poured all the water on
me ; yitt-qu paya lamanzi, pour out all this
water over there.
To stare hard at a person about whom
some evil rumour is current, to express
amazement at a person's conduct by fixing
one's eyes on him : kutenina ukuba unditt-qu
tigamehlo? why are you staring at me?
isi-Qik, n. 4. A crowd, throng of men; a
company at table ; dimin. isiqiizana semfundo,
a little learning.
isa-Qu, n. 4. The dispersing of a hunting
party into the forest; others: the song which
is sung at the dispersing.
uku-Quba, v. i. To bathe, swim; to plunge
into water.
uku-Q'UBA, V. t. pass, qutytva. To urge, push
forward, drive : qiiba inkomo ngenditku, drive
the cattle before you with a stick; samquba,
we drove him before us; quba lomsebettzi,
push on with that work; to proceed in
speaking: quba indaba, go on with the news;
to pass away the time.
um-Q«bi, «. I. One who drives or compels;
a pilot.
in-Qubo, ;/. 3. Progress, policy, procedure.
uku-Qubaquba, v. To drive hither and
thither.
— Qubana, v. To drive, compel, urge each
other, on both sides.
— Qubeka, v. To be progressing: uyaqicbeka,
he is progressing.
in-Qubeko, n. 3. Progress, advancement,
civilisation.
uku-Qubela, v. To drive for another, or to
a certain place : ndiqubele inkomo zam, just
drive my cattle for me ; ziqubele emanzini,
drive them to the water.
in-Qubela, n. 5. = in-Qubeko.
uku-Qubelela, v. To drive into.
— Qubisa, v. To help or cause to drive; to
assist in progressing.
ukuti-Quba, v. t. To pour in quickly ; to over-
take, fall or descend upoo ; itidlala yanditl
quba, hunger came upon me.
uku-Quba, v. t. To hit (not with a sharp
instrument); to strike against something
to strike as a beam ; fig. waqutywa lizulu, he
was killed by lightning ; fig. to snub.
— Qubana, v. To hit against each other.
QU
— Qubisana, v. To come in contact with;
to meet unexpectedly: ndaqubisana naye,
I met him unexpectedly.
■Qubu, n. 2. A heap of Kafir-corn before it
is winnowed; fig. anything which is done
stealthily or in haste; a rupture.
isi-Qubu, n. 4. Speed, swiftness: ndahamba
u, I walked with speed.
i-Qubu, n. 2. (a) A protuberance, prominence,
hard projection; any swelling on the body,
such as is caused by a foetus or tumour, or
a swollen out cheek caused e.g. by the
presence of a large sweet in the mouth,
(b) The downy feathers on the breast of a
bird ; the fine bark of plants. Phr. wafakwa
amaqubu, angry things were said against
him ; he was discouraged.
ukuti-Qubudu and uku-Qubuda, v. t. pas?.
qutyudwa. To bow down, lie prostrate ; to
do homage to a superior; to bend the head
forward in a posture of reverence or respect
towards another; to sit with head bent
down; hence, to adore, worship.
um-Qubudi, n. I. A worshipper.
uku-Qubukusha, v. t. To rouse one's atten-
tion by giving him a push with the elbow,
or treading gently on his feet.
uku-QubuIa, v. i. (a) To lay hold of suddenly;
to seize unexpectedly (weapons) : wayiqubula
iutonga yoke, he snatched up his stick; to
surprise a person by coming upon him,
seizing or beating him suddenly: waqutyu-
Iwa bubutbngo, he was overcome by sleep;
fig. of the word of God, to affect or convince
suddenly; ukuziqubula, to gather one's
strength ; to rise, (b) To knead dung and
smear part of the body with it, as the
i-Gqira does.
— Qubul^na, v. To come suddenly one
upon another.
— Qubulisa, v. To cause or help to seize
suddenly, etc.
i-Qubuliso, n. 2. usedasrtJu.: ngequbuUso,
suddenly, unexpectedly.
uku-Qubuliseka, v. To be suddenly called
on to do something, adv. ngokuqubuliseka,
suddenly.
uku-Qubutya, v. t. Em. To elbow, jostle, as
in pushing in a crowd ; to bend down, as an
ox pulling.
uku-Qudalala, v. i. To stand or run stooping
down.
i-Qudu, «. 2. The Kudu antelope, Strepsiceros
strepsiceros (Pall.).
i-Qugane, n. 2. A species of beetle.
VV
361
QU
uku-Quka, r. t. To take together; to genera-
lise ; to comprehend, comprise : iikuteta kwake
kwaquha ezondmvo zomb'tni, his speech com-
prised these two points; to call together
(councillors).
— Qukaquka, v. Of a dog, to tear meat.
— Qukana, v. To take together, gather
together, assemble.
— Qukanisa, v. To gather up, as crumbs
swept from a table ; fig. to cause to look
at each other; to fight, beat, quarrel.
— Qukela, v. To bring or gather together.
— Qukelana, v. To come together, = h^h-
Hlangana.
uku-Qukeza, v. t. To search for.
uku-Qukula, v. t. To throw one down; to
cause one to make a somersault; to over-
• power.
— Qukulana, r. To wrestle with one
another.
— Qukuleka, v- To be thrown over; to
roll over.
— Qukuqukuleka, v. To tumble or roll
over and over (a horse) ; to turn somer-
saults; fig. to be active, industrious,
diligent.
ukuti-Qukulu, v. i. To crouch down.
u-Qukulubede and u-Qukulub6to, n. 5.
Turning a somersault; turning over (a
wheel or cask); = Qikilil>dio,
i-Qukumba, n. 2. A horn round in shape,
turning into a circle.
uku-Qukumbela, v. t. pass, qukiiiijclwa. To
hem a garment ; to finish it ; to end a speech.
ing-Qukumbelo, n. 3. and um-Qukumbe-
lo, n. 6. The hem of a garment ; the rim of
the eyelid.
uku-Qukuqela, r. i. Of water, to run or
flow with a gurgling sound; fig. to proceed
in a line, as people or oxen following each
other.
um-Qukuqela, n. 6. A flow of water in a
ditch.
in-Qukuva, w. 3. An ox without horns, etc;
see i-Nqukuva.
isi-Qukuvana, w. 4. A short, thick person or
thing.
i-Qula, n. 2. A well of water, cistern.
i-Qula, n. 2. (a) A leg of game (the part above
the knee), which is divided in hunting, (b)
A suppurating swelling.
isi-QuIa, n. 4. The calf of the leg; fig. a
strong, boastful man (like Goliath).
Phr. tisahamba ngeziqula, he is still going
strong.
362
in-QuIa, n. 3. 'Adam's apple', the thyroid
gland forming a prominence in the fore-
part of the throat.
uku-QuIa, - uku-Qideka.
— Quieka, v. i. To be alarmed, perplexed,
at a loss what to do; to be unsuccessful.
Em. To salute equals.
— Quiaquleka, v. To be in consternation;
not to know where to go to.
— Qulela, V. To go off from the way; to
turn aside.
— Quiaqulela, v. To be in a dilemma or
difficulty in regard to; not to know what
to do.
uku-Qula, V. t. (a) At present used by young
people for ukii-QoIa. (b) To flatter.
uku-QuIa, V. t. To speak about indirectly; to
speak jokingly, without meaning to do
what one says; to banter, tease; to cavil,
mock, scorn ; to hit with words, or with the
elbow or stones; cf. uku-Qala.
um-Quli, n. I. A critic; one who cavils,
speaks sarcastically.
isi-Qulo, n. 4. A nickname, with special
reference to the name substituted by
Kafirs for the real name of a person.
Every European living or working among
Kafirs has such a name.
uku-Quiana, v. To make jokes at each
other's expense.
i-Qula, n. 2. A small round button; a bead.
i-QuIaqosha, n. 2. A small button with a
flat base and round or conical top ; hemi-
spherical, concave.
um-Qiilo, 71. 6. A button.
uku-QuIata, v. i. To have the mouth full.
um-Qulu, 71. 6. A heap, mass, package,
bundle, roll, bale of things; a bulky thing of
a long shape; a volume (of books, clouds);
a blanket or map rolled up.
adj. Round (stone, chapiter) : 11 i7iqulH welifu
and wotnlilo, a pillar of cloud and of fire.
isi-Quluba, 71. 4. The calf of the leg, etc.; =
isi-Qula.
uku-QuluIa, V. t. To strip off; to shell, husk.
ukuti-QuiuIu, V. i. To be well equipped
(with clothes); to be fitted out.
uku-Qulunga, v. t. To fold, coil, roll or tie
up a thing for the purpose of hiding it.
— Quiungana, v. To close, heal up: i/i-
xeha Jiquhi/ige/ie, the wound is healed up
imperfectly.
uku-QuIunqa, v. t. To make tidy by comb-
ing the hair, etc.
— Quiuqulunqa, v. To make proper or
tidy to the utmost.
— Qulunqeka, v. To be in a tidy state,
uku-QuIusa, v. t. To bend the head to the
ground and turn the buttocks instead of the
face to, pretending by this position not to
see or look at.
— Quiusela, v. To shew one the buttocks.
— Quluselana, r. To show each other the
buttocks (izibunu).
isi-Quma, n. 4. ^. small bundle which can
be carried in the hand; a heap of grain:
isiquma senxbwa, a sack partly filled; a
bunch of grass, herbs, flowers; dimin,
isi-Qhnyana.
uku-Quma, v. i. To rise (smoke, dust) in
columns or masses ; to emit smoke : umsonto
oqumayo, a smoking wick ; umlilo uyaqiimn,
the fire is smoking, i.e. is alight.
i-Quma, n. 2. A drunkard.
uku-Qumisa, v. To raise columns of
smoke or vapour ; to fumigate ; to burn
incense; to light a pipe.
isi-Qumiso, n. 4. Anything that is burnt,
as incense.
uku-Qumisela, v. To burn incense to or
for: baqiimisela kwizitixo, they burn
incense to the idols ; equnyiselwa nge-more,
perfumed with myrrh.
isi-Qumiselo, «. 4. The vessel in which
incense is burned ; a censer.
u-Qumatana, n. l. Kafir corn and beans
boiled together.
um-Qumba, «. 6. Tall grass •, = um-Qungii.
uku-Qumba, v. i. To swell out, as a bud
on a tree ; to swell up from flatulency; fig.
to swell with anger; to be angry, wroth,
sulky, grumpy : uquvipile yena, he is angry.
i-Qumbi, 71. 2. A bad; used of growing
crops just before they come into ear:
amazimba aqumbt, the Kafircorn ear is
forming but not yet visible (the fourth
stage of growth).
ing-Qumbi «. 3. One who is constantly
angry.
ing-Qumb6, n. 3. Anger, wrath, sulkiness.
uku-Qumbela, v. To swell, blow up; to
have a big belly: ndtqunjelwe, I have
eaten so much that I am distended and
cannot breathe ; isisu siqumbele, the belly
is full of wind ; fig. to be angry with or
on account of: ningatuqumbeli umzalwana
wenii, be not angry with your brother.
— Qumbelana, v. To be angry with each
other.
— Qumbisa, v. To cause to swell, bud; to
heap ; fig. to affront, make angry.
um Qumbisi, «. l. One who provokes to
anger.
uku-Qumbiseka, v. To be roused to anger.
u-Qumbu, n. 5. (Em. i-Qumbu, ii. 2.) The
large intestine of cattle.
uku-Qumka, v. i. (^tribalj. To burst open,
as a ball or bladder, or as an egg in falling ;
to be dashed to pieces •, = ukii-Tyu>nka.
— Qumza, v. t. To crush any hard sub-
stance ; = uku-Tytimza.
uku-Qumngqana, v. t. To eat always the one
kind of wood : baqumngqana nombona, they
eat only maize (without changing the food).
uku-Qumpula, v. t. To pinch.
i-Qumfa, n. 2. Red clay finely ground.
i-Qumru, n. 2. Council, board, commission;
private meeting; one who knows secrets
which others do not know, a councillor.
uku-Qumza, see under uku-Qumka.
i-Qumza, k. 2. The red pear, Scolopia
mundii (Arn.J.
i-Qumza elinameva, n. 2. The Thorn pear,
Scolopia zeyheri {Arn.J.
i-Qunde, n. 2. A kind of long grass.
uku-Qunga, v. t. To disturb water ; to pour
milk and water together.
isa-Qunge, n. 4. Milking or pouring milk
on whey; a mixture of milk and water ;
fig. commotion, uproar, confused talk.
isi-Qungo, n. 4. Passion for killing other
people, said to be contracted in war,
uku-Qungaqunga, v. To stir up,
incite, make an uproar among people ;
see uku-Dungadunga.
i-Qungequ, n. 2. The largest kind of lizard
known,
um-QungquIu, //. 6. One who lies exposed.
ukuti Qungqululu, ] . ^ ,. ^
uku Oungquluza, j ^- '• -lolietiat,
stretched out, exposed, stark naked; to
take a long time to bear; to have hard,
protracted labour,
isi-Qungquluza, n. 4. One who lies ex-
posed, stark naked, dead,
uku-Qungquluzisa, v. To expose, cast
forth dead bodies.
uku-Qungquta, v. t. To beat with a stick ;
thrash out the ears of Kafircorn.
um-Qungu, n. 6. Tambookie-grass, Andro-
pogon marginatus Steud., a long grass used
for thatching; cyomqungu, the month of
January.
i-Qunguwe, n. 2. The Karree-boom, Rhus
lancea De Cand.
363
QU
ama-Qungwane, ;/. 2. pi. People without a
king ; drones : inyosi sidle amaqutigivane, the
bees have killed the drones.
i-Qunube, «. 2. The bramble-bush, Rubus
pinnatus Willd. ; a bramble-berry, a straw-
berry.
isi-Qunube, ;/. 4. Place covered with
brambles.
u-Qununu, u. 5. That which is impenetrable.
uku-Qunuza, v. t. To break off little bits
(earth); fig. bayaqiiiiuza esingcsiiii, they
speak broken English.
— Qunuzeka, v. To be brittle, broken.
u-Qunyo. n. 5. The keeping for oneself the
birds hunted by children about sunset.
uku-Qupa, V. L To take short steps; fig. to do
a thing hurriedly ; to sing, etc., briskly ; to
shorten a narrative or speech.
isi-Qupe, n. 4. A small portion of time.
adv. ngesiqupe, in a short time, in a moment.
uku-Quqa, v. i. To go several times to the
same place, as a girl who is in the habit of
resting at home for a time and returning to
work with the same mistress.
— Quqela, v. To go frequently for the same
purpose; to go backward and forward
with one object in view; to take pains,
strive, labour for one object.
— Quqisa, v. To send often for the same
purpose, as to send back frequently for
alteration a garment that has not turned
out to one's satisfaction.
uku-Quqa, v. t. and /. To scrape the plaster
off a wall ; to make a regular beating action
as with a spoon in churning butter; to rub
off the superfluous red clay after it has
dried on the body ; of a horse, to trot,
isi-Quq6, ?/. 4. A mole-skin used for wiping
off sweat or red clay.
uku-Quqeka, v. To fall off, as plaster from
a wall ; to be rubbed off, as superfluous
red clay from the body; to disappear
gradually as the stars at the break of day:
uhiquqeka kwenkwenkwezi, the gradual
disappearance of the stars at dawn.
— Quqisa, v. To make a horse trot.
u-Quqabana, «. 5. A small group of children.
um-Ququ, 71. 6. Chaff; any husk or capsule of
grain, etc.
ukuti-Ququ, v. i. To keep moving backwards
and forwards on the lookout for some
person or thing.
uku-Ququza, v. i. To move about quickly,
as a dog or kitten in play.
— Ququzela, v. To be constantly on the
move for a thing; to be very busy.
364
OtJ
um-Ququzeleii, n. l. One who is con-
tinually on the move for a purpose; a
convener of a committee.
uku-Ququbala, v. i. To lie down indolently,
carelessly, as one indifferent to danger; to
gather the body up, as for sleep, or as
indifferent to passing events; to stay,
sojourn.
uku-Ququla, v. t. Em. To throw down,
= iiku-Qukida.
i-Ququiura, n. 2. A very poor, destitute,
useless person. Dimin. iququliirana ; fern.
iququliirazana.
i-Ququlusana, n. 2. A small, short, stumpy
person or animal; a little, ugly man; one
of the commonalty.
uku-Ququmba, v. i. To make a report,
crackle as fire; of flames, to dart forth; to
crack, explode.
— Qiiqumbisa, v. To cause a sound or
noise such as the crackling of fire.
u-Ququme, v. 5. Em. The middle finger.
i-Quqiitye, 71. 2. A knot, knob, lump; =
i-Qubu.
uku-Ququza, etc, see under ukuti-Ququ.
ukuti-Qusa, Em. To rush among, etc.; =
ttkuti-Qasa,
uku-Qusha, v. t. To beat down, or away, as
in making a path; to keep down, away
from ; to secrete, efface, remove any marks
from the surface of a book or table ; to rub
out so as to render illegible ; cf. ukii-Gusha.
ukuti-Qushe and uku-Qusheka, v. t. To
hide among or under; to cover out of
sight: yiqiisheke enceni, thrust it under the
grass; uyaziqusheka, he hides himself.
uku-Qushekeka, v. To be hidden under
grass, etc.
uku-Qiishekela, v. To hide or cover for:
ahaneratshibandiqushekeleisibata, the proud
have hid a snare for me.
isi-Qushulu, n. 4. A bundle.
uku-Quta, V. t. To hold out the hand to
receive punishment, as a boy at school.
— Qutisa, V. To cause a boy to hold out
his hand for punishment.
uku-Qflta, V. t. To close the mouth on what
is being chewed.
— Qfltela, V. To have or keep things for
oneself; to keep secret.
uku-Quta, V. i. Em. To strike hard; to
blow hard, as a strong breeze which blows
steadily from one point of the compass.
— Qutela, V. Em. To blow strong, with
power: umoya tiyaqutela, the wind is
blowing hard; to roar •, = ukii-Qwitela.
0tJ
— Qutisa, V. To cause to blow hard.
uku-Qutsuba, v. i. To canter slowly, as a
lazy horse.
ukuti-Qutu, V. i. To hold one's peace, to
remain silent.
i-Qutu, n. 2. used as adj. Inkahi equtu, an ox
with horns turned inwards; fem. iqutukazi.
uku-Qutuma, v. i. To lie down; to sleep; cf.
uhi-Butuma.
uku-Quva, V. i. To bud, to begin to form
leaves: imitt seyiqala ukiiquva, the trees
have begun to bud ; to curl (hair, cabbage) :
into equvileyo, any thing with a convex or
round surface like a bud.
i-Quvi, n. 2. A bud; stiff curl of hair;
any small protuberance.
uku-Quvisa, v. To make curl, etc.
i-Quva, 71. 2. A kind of plant.
uku-QuzuIa, v. t. To wrench, twist off (a
branch of a tree) ; to pull out with a jerk.
— Quzuka, V. i. To burst out (into
laughter) ; to break off or out, i.e. to
go away or go home ; fig. to die.
ili-Qwa, ti. 2. Cold rain with sleet; ice.
ukuti-Qwa, v. i. To stretch forth, sit right
up: ziie-qiva intmuo, they stretched out or
forth the neck.
Qwa, adv. Exactly, alike : imhlope qwa, it is
quite white.
Qwaba, Em. adv. = qiva: bahlanu qzvaha,
altogether five, no more.
uku-Qwaba, v. i. Em. To clap hands, flap
wings.
— Qwabela, v. To clap hands for: bam-
qwabela isandla, they applauded him by
clapping their hands.
um Qwabulo, n. I. A kind of sea-urchin;
fig. a person without eyebrows.
ukuti-Qwaka, v. i. To strike an effectual,
sudden blow for the purpose of felling to
the ground and killing: ndanili-qwaka, I
struck him down; ndatiwa-qwaka butongo,
sleep overpowered me; watiwa-qwaka ngc-
mbuntbulu, he was hit by a bullet.
ukuti Qwakaqwaka, v. To beat to death.
uku-Qwakanisa, v. To make a rugged
thing even; to beat clods of earth to
pieces; to harrow.
isi-Qwakanlso, n. 4. A harrow, garden-
rake.
uku Qwakanisela, v. To rake together
at (a place).
in-Qwala, n. 3. and isi-Qwala, n. 4. A lame
person, cripple.
uku-Qwalela, v. i. To be, become, or go
lame; fig. to become childless: lomfazi
iiqwalelwe, this woman's children all die.
QW
— Qwalelisa, v. i. To make lame.
uku-Qwalasela, v. t. To look often or
intently at, or give attention to a distant
object; to observe, perceive.
u-Qwalaselo, n. 5. Working or reading
with one's attention on the subject:
uqwalaselo Iwczibalo, Bible-study.
uku-Qwalaselana, v. To look intently at
each other; fig. baqwalaselana vgaviehlo,
they tried each other's strength.
uku-Qwalisa, v. i. To abuse.
isi-Qwana, n. 4. Dimin. of isi-Qii. A crowd
of women.
ukuti-Qwandiiili, To have pimples, etc.;
= uhiti-Qonduliila.
isi-Qwane, n. 4. Generic name for the sugar-
bush, Protea.
isi-Qwane sehlati, w. 4. The Cape beech,
Myrsine melanophleos R.Br., so called
from the resemblance of its timber to
that of the sugar-bushes.
isi Qwanga, n. 4. The muscle separating
the chest from the abdomen ; the diaphragm.
u-Qwanga, n. 5. Gristle.
in-Qwangi, «. 3. The Bakbakiri shrike or
Kokovic ; see i-Ngqwatigi.
i-Qwaninge, n. 2. Kind of root eaten at the
death of a person to ward off death.
i-Qwanqe, n. 2. Hoarfrost.
uku Qwanta, v. i. To be in a state of fear
from being bullied or biow-beaten ; to tell
the truth after being pressed or severely
examined.
— Qwantisa, v. To browbeat, scold; to
make one dispirited; to stupefy one
completely.
uku-Qwanyaqw^anyaza, v. i. To open the
eyes wide and then shut them quickly, as
some people do v^'^hen angry.
um-Qwaqu and um-Qwaqwana, n. 6. Clero-
dendron glabrum E. Meyer.
uku-Qwaqwada, v. t. Em. To beat a calf
gently to make it go the proper way ; fig.
to pat, to tap a child a little on the head to
make it attentive; to urge on.
in-Qwaqwadi, n. 3. An animal supposed to
have all the beautiful colours under heaven.
u-Qwaqwadu, «. 5. Hardness.
uku-Qvk'aqwaza, v. i. To clap with the hands.
ukuti-Qwaf a, v. i. To break.
i-Qwaf a, n. 2. (a) The Quagga, Equus quagga
Gm. (b) A small bird with zebra-markings.
(c) A striped fish.
um-Qwashu, w. 6. White milkwood, Side-
roxylon inerme L. used for gall sickness.
365
QW
6. Red alder,
. 4. A wild turnip; fig. a
um-Qwashube, h. 6. Red alder, Cunonia
capensis L.
isi-Qwashumbe, «
corpulent person.
isi-Qwati, n. 4. Any decomposed, mouldy or
rotten substance; rust in corn; putridity,
rottenness.
uku-Qwatulela, v. t. To pull out or off (grass)
with the hand; fig. to prepare for; to
preface ; = uku- Tshayelela.
uku-Qwaya, v. i. Em. To aim at, or bring in
forcibly, strife and quarrelling; to bring on
war ; = Xaya.
— Qwayela, v. To scratch the ground, as
a hen does : ukiiqwayela amalahle, to bring
the embers nearer onesell in preparing a
place for roasting meat or a mealie.
isi-Qwayi, w. 4. A little stick carried in the
hand.
uku-Qwaylnga, v. i. To look with wanton
eyes ; to be proud.
uku-Qwayita, v. t. To dry (meat, pumpki
fruit).
um-Qwayitd, n. 6. Dried meat, pumpkin,
fruit,
ukuti-Qwe, used in the Recip.form. Sitene-
naye, we are in constant companionship
with him.
vkuti-(}'we,=nhiQwela.
uku-Qweba, v. t. pass, qwetywa. To accumu-
late property; to lay in store.
i-Qweba. n. 2. A good plan, project,
ing-Owebo, n. 3. btores, earnings, profits
which have been laid up.
uku-Qwebela, v. To provide for, lay up
for a special purpose: ningaziqwebeli
ubutyebi, lay not up for yourselves
treasures.
— QwebJsa, v. To p'retend to do great
things against an opponent, whilst in
reality afraid of his po^fitrs;-uku-Xdbisa.
uku-Qwebeda, v. i. To hoe over hard
ground ; to have a hard cough ; to push on ;
to gallop ; = uku-Pala.
i-Qwebeda, w. 2. A hard, severe person.
um-Qwebedu, n. 6. Hard, dry, barren,
sterile land; a gallop: ihaslie lenze umqwe-
bedu, the horse ran so far or so furiously
that it could not be caught ; fig. defeat,
discomfiture.
uku-Qwebedeka, v. To be thrown back,
overpowered, vanquished, conquered. |
adj. Hard, dry (ground).
6. Eckebergia
capensis
Karree-boom, Rhus lancea
um-Qwehle,
Sparrm.
i-Qwela, «. 2
De Cand.
ukuti-Qwe and uku-Owela, v. t. To empty
a cookingpot or beerpot or vessel of its
contents so that nothing remains; fig. to
abstain totally from liquor; to finish
or accomplish any purpose or undertaking
fully (usually applied to the confiscating of
cattle, so that none is left): baziqwelile
iiikotno, they confiscated all the cattle.
ukuti-Qwele and uku-Qwela, v. t. To strike
down at once; to overpower, conquer,
destroy, ruin: suk' nine wena, usit'i-qwele,
rise thou and fall upon us.
adv. Wholly, totally.
u-Qwelo, M. 5. Conquest, victory.
uku-Qwelana, v. To treat one another
proudly.
ukutJ-Qwele, v. i. To spread widely
(itching etc.) : iqcnqa lile-qwele eluswini, the
leprosy broke out all over the skin.
in-Qwelo, ?i. 3. A wagon.
uku-Qwemema, v. i. To evade, escape.
uku-Qwemesha, v. i. To tie up; fig. to
keep back, not to speak out at once, = uku~
zi-Bamba.
u-Qwemesha, w. S- \ s • ^i e
thongs covered with small brass rings
worn round the loins or round the legs
below the knees; pi. inqivemesha.
uku-Qwenga, v. t. To rend in pieces; to
tear like a beast or prey; to rip up the
belly; to wound; to be dangerous; fig. to
open a space amongst a group or crowd
of people.
ing-Qwenga, ?/. 3. One who makes void
all objections and arguments by his
eloquence, and persists in doing what he
pleases: iugqwenga yabatkeleli, a first-
rate advocate or defender.
isi-Qwenga, n. 4. A piece or part torn
off; a shred, rag; a piece of land; dimin.
isi-Qwctiishana.
ukuti-Qwenge, v. i. To sepa'-ate, rush
asunder, as sheep when a dog gets among
them.
ukuti-Qwengeqwenge, v. To rend off:
abateteli bazitl-qivciigeq-wenge iiigubo zabo,
the magistrates rent their clothes off
them.
— Qwebedisa,
To drive back, as one I isi-Qweqwe, n. 4. (a) An ornamental bead
bullock another, one enemy another. i worn on the forehead, a frontlet between
366
QW
the eyes, (b) Any dense mass, either of
living creatures or inanimate objects, as a
swarm of locusts or a dense forest.
u-Qweqwe, n. 5. An outer shell or crust, as
a book-cover, crust of bread, bark, scab,
scurf.
uku-Qweqweda, v. t. To scrape (a pot) clean,
leaving nothing : aqiveqwcda neyohisi Iwaba-
ntwaiia, they did not even leave a cow for
the children's milk. v. i. To strike the
hard ground and rebound from it.
— Qweqwedisa, v. To drag or draw
away, as one drags away a dead dog.
uku-Qweqwema, v. i. To pass at a distance,
as one who is frightened or guilty.
uku-Uwesa, v. t. To try to turn a big thing
through a small space.
uku-Qwesha, v. i. To abscond, elope, run
away, go away clandestinely; applied to
horses, cattle, etc., which run back to the
place whence they came.
in-Qwesha, n. 3. One who raises strife
in a discussion by his lies.
in-Qweta, n. 3. Incompleteness.
ukuti-Qwete and uku-Qweta, v. t. To
draw out a thorn; fig. to call aside
privately; to give a hint about what
happens near by.
ukuti-Qwete-qwete and uku-Qweta, v.
Of the throat, to be irritated by a cough or
by some kinds of food.
ukuti-Qwi, V. i. To break suddenly.
QW
ukuti-Qwi, V. i. To fall suddenly down from
a blow, stroke, sickness or death, so that
life appears to be extinct : wati-qwi siduli,
he swooned as in a fit. v. t. to strike down ;
to kill.
ukuti-Qwi-qwi, v. i. To fall in war on
both sides, v. t. To kill one quickly
like a dog.
i-Qwili, n. 3. Kalmoes or sweet rush
Alepidea amatymbica E. and Z., used for
stomach disorders.
uku-Qwisha, v. = uku-Jaduk't. To have an
eruption on the skin, etc.; hence, to scratch
as when the body itches.
ing-Qwisha, = in-Jaduko and in-Jadulo.
n. 3. Eruption on the skin.
uku-Qwita, v. t. To strike fire with flint
and steel, or with matches; to strike a man,
push him away with the foot.
i-Qwita, n. 2. Flint.
isa-Qwiti, n. 4. A storm with rain, a
hurricane, a whirlwind.
uku-Qwitela, v. To strike up or for:
qwitela umlilo, strike a light for; to whirl
round: iimoya iiyaqwltela, the wind is
whirling round.
u-Qwitela, n. 5. Whirlwind, tempest,
hurricane.
ukutl-Qwiti, V. i. To fall, etc. — ukuil-Qwi.
ukuti-Qwizi v. i. To give a proper explan-
ation ; to make a point clear ; to cut it
short.
■O in Kafir is used to represent five sounds.
-*-^ I. It is a transcription of the English
r in Biblical names, such as Maria and
Petros. In modern English names such as
Ross, it is changed into /, Lose.
The English sound of r appears in two
of the best-known children's games, in
giving riddles and in talking the kwekwa
language. All riddles are introduced by
the words rayi, rayi, rayi (pronounced some-
what like the Eng. word rye), e.g.: rayi
rayi rayi, jikelele ttgqti, conie-a-riddle, come-
a-riddle, round-and-round and down (an-
swer: A dog going to sleep.)
For the appearance of the English r in the
game of ukukwekiva, the reader is referred
to that word.
367
The presence of the English r sound in
these two games naturally raises doubts as
to their being of genuine Kafir origin.
2. It represents the guttural sound heard
in the Scotch word loch or in the Dutch
geven, and is written r: itaru, mercy.
3. It represents a stronger guttural sound,
written also as r: rola, draw out.
4. It represents a strongly voiced form
of 2. This sound occurs but seldom, and
has been lately written as r. In this edition
of the dictionary it is written rh: i-rhangxa-
roti.
5. It represents a guttural click, produced
far back in the throat by narrowing it and
forcibly emitting the breath, and is written
r: rola, carve out.
RA
-fa, enclitic, denoting the Hottentot adjecti-
val ending which has been accepted by the
Kafirs, and affixed to nouns and adjectives,
(a) detracting from their definiteness: bo-
vivu,red; bomvura, rcMisiw iibntoiigo, sleep;
nbittotigora, drowsiness.
(b) denoting general resemblance or like-
ness: ubnkosi, chieftainship; iibukosira, a
kind of chieftainship.
Ra I intcrj. denoting disgust.
uku-Rabalaza, v. i, To run, hasten, hurry:
warabalaza pezii kwake, he ran him down
(in speaking or disputing), i.e. he gave him
no time to speak.
ukutl-Rabaraba and uku-Rabaza, v. i. To
make a creaking noise, as new boots when
first worn.
uku-l^abasa, v. i. To speak to no purpose;
to speak lies, falsehood.
isi-Rabaso, n. 4. Chattering, prating;
tales, fibs.
Rabaxa, adj. and adv. Rough, coarse (sack) ;
fig. unpolished, clownish: wateta rabaxa,
RA
ukuti Ralakaqa, t). /. Em. To appear sud-
denly, etc. ; = ukuti-Rclekcqe.
i-Ralanqe, 71. 2. Preconcerted, secret plan;
machination, trick, artifice, clandestine
practice ; = /-y<7/('«^^.
uku-Ralafala, v. i. To become ripe, light
red.
i-ftalafa, n. 2. An animal with a white
throat: elibomvu, a red ox with a white
throat; elimyama, a black ox with a white
throat. Fem. imlarakizi and isiralarakasi.
uku-^alafuma, v. i. To be fierce; to rage
with anger.
isi-^alafume, w. 4. A fierce, wrathful
man or animal.
ubu-l^alafume, «. 7. Fierceness, rage.
uku-I^alafumisa, v. To make fierce; to
cause raging.
i-R'ALASi, n. 3. Barley, = / Rasi.
i-R'ALl, n. 3. Cotton ; fr. Du. garen.
u-Ralo, ;/. 5. see under ukii- Rala,
ubu-Ralutya, n. 7. Indecorous conduct;
iibu-Relctyiva.
he spoke coarsely, rudely (at drinking isi-Rama, n. 4. Dry excrement
bouts) ; wandipala rabaxa, he treated me \
harshly; wap'ila iabaxa, he led a rough life.
uku-Rabayiya, v. t. To degrade oneself by
rudeness.
ukuti-Rabi, v. i. To jump over a wall or
fence.
uku-Rabula, v. I. Em. uku-Puza, To sip,
taste anything.
— Rabuiisana, v. To give one another to
sip.
Rabufabu, adj. = Reberebe.
uku-Raca, To walk; = tikn-Hainba.
uku-Racaza, v. i. To rustle softly ; = nhi-
R'ashasa.
i-Racazo, «. 2. Noise, r\.\siling; — i-R'a.'ihazo.
ukuti-Radu and uku-Radula, v. i. To kick
up, as a horse ; to run away,
i R'afu, //. 3. Tax, tribute, fr. Du. opgaaf.
uku-R'.\FELA, V. To pay taxes to.
— R'afisa, v. To exact taxes or tribute.
i-Rafufafu, n. 2. A person who just says
anything.
ubu Rafufafu, //. 7. Lies.
um-Raji, n. 6. A very old woollen blanket;
dim. umrajana.
uku-Rala, v. i. To be greedy, = uku-Bazva;
to be inflamed; fig. to get angry.
//. 8. Inflamation.
u-Ralo, n. 5. A strong desire.
uku Ralela, v. To strongly desire ; to covet ;
to be angry on account of.
dirty
stain on a garment. Vulgar phr.: tsijika-
tiiva sisid' isirama, the late ari'ival acts as
scavenger.
i-Ramba, n. 2. The puff-adder, Bitis arietans
(Merretn); an adder generally. The young
which are born alive instead of being
hatched out of eggs, are supposed to bore
their way out of their mother instead of
being born in the normal fashion, and the
mother is believed to die in the act of
parturition.
i-Ramba lamatye, n. 2. The mountain
adder.
i-Ramb^ lamanzi, n. 2. A poisonous
water-snake.
i-R'AMENTE and i-R'EMENTE, n. 3. A congre-
gation, from Du. gemeente.
i-Ramiti, «. 2. Coarse and rank tobacco, that
causes thirst in a person who is exposed to
the sun when smoking it.
uku-j^amncela, v. t. To eat or drink in a
slovenly manner; to lap water, as a dog;
to spill food.
i-Ramnco, n. 2. A voracious person; a
glutton.
ubu-Ramnco, //. 7. Gluttony, brutishness,
bestial behaviour.
i-Ramncwa, n. 2. A beast of prey; a wild
beast, a dangerous animal ; see uku-Dla and
uku-Gquma.
i-Ramnqela, n. 2. A wild, brave, crafty
person or huntsman.
368
RA
JRamfam, adj. Tender; of good, sweet taste
intsenge iramram, the roots of the um-Senge
are palatable ; dim. ratnramana, fresh, tender
(applied to children).
uku-Ramzela, v. i. To make a noise like a
pig in eating.
uku-Rana, v. i. To suspect, mistrust; to have
suspicion of another man's guilt.
isi-l^ano, «. 4-) Suspicion, surmise of evil.
u-Rano, «. 5. )
uku-^anela, v. To suspect a certain
person : ncliya?nranela u-James, I suspect
James.
— Raneleka, v. To be suspected; to be
in such circumstances, or to act in such
a way as to cause suspicion.
ama-^anana, «. 2. pi. Em. Nose: utita
ngamaranana, he speaks through his nose.
i-R'ANATE, n. 2. A pomegranate, fr. Du.
granaat.
um-R'ANATE, n. 6. The pomegranate-tree.
i-Ranga and I^angafanga, n. 2. A spot.
Used in plur. as adj., Of different colours;
speckled, spotted, etc.; inkwenkwezi zibete
izulti.laba ngamarangaranga, the heaven is
spangled with stars.
isi-Rangafanga, n. 4.
person.
ubu-l^angafanga, «.
uku-l^angazela, v. i
stupid, silly person.
uku-^angula, v. i. To pass a thing through
the flames, to char.
isi-Rangula, n. 4. Great wrath, bitterness.
u-R'anisi, n. I. pi. 0 and /. The domestic
goose, fr. Du. gans.
isi-l^ano, Suspicion ; see uku-Rana.
uku-Ranuga or Ranuka, v. To go on
tramp seeking work.
i-^anuga, n. 2. A servant who has
worked among the farmers; a foreign
servant who seeks for work.
ubu-l^ahuga, n. 7. Strangeness, foreign-
ness.
uku-^anugela, v. To arrive at a certain
place in search of employment.
i-l^anxa and i-^anxoti, «. 2. A termite,
probably the grass-cutting species ; = z^-
NotwaV impahlana.
ukuti-Rapa, v. t. To sp^U over in small
quantities, as water from a pail carried on
the head.
uku-Rapaka, = ukuti-Rapa.
— Rapazela, v. t. To spill over on a person.
uku-Rapa, v. i. To throw (water) into the
mouth; to lap.
WW
RA
Em. A half-silly
. Em. Silliness.
Em. To act like a
— Rapela and Rapelela, v. To throw or
splash water with the hand against an-
other in bathing; to splash into clay; to
squirt at with water; to dash against a
ship or the shore.
uku-Rapula, v. t. To scratch, scrape.
uku-^aqa, v. t. To do work round about an
object, as surrounding a cattle-kraal with a
fence of hushes ( = ukii-Biya), or clearing
away the old dry grass around a hut by an
encircling flame of fire { = uku-BabelaJ :
ndide ndhtM ndiwuraqe umti, till I shall dig
round about the tree; fig. to surround,
encircle in apprehending a thief: uraqwe
ngabaniu, he is surrounded by people.
l^aqa and Raqaraqa, a^y. Tattered, ragged,
disorderly ; being reduced in circumstances.
i-Raqasi, n. 2. A disorderly person.
uku-Raqaza, v. i. To be careless,
negligent, rough, rude, disorderly; to
become low in circumstances; to wander
about looking for food, e.g. to go to a
garden where green mealies are being
roasted and beg one or two.
uku-^afa, v. i. To joke.
ubu-Rafa, «. 7. Joking. Phr. yidV uburara,
make a joke.
Raf a, adj. Bitter : amanzi arara, bitter water.
ubu-Rafa, n 7. Bitterness; fig. sorrow and
heaviness of soul.
um-ftafafa, «. 6. Roars of laughter.
uku-Rafaza, v. i. To gargle ; = uku-Kakaza.
uku-I^afazela, v. i. To burn with a crackling
sound; to make a noise, like fat meat
roasting on the fire.
uku-Raf iya, v. t. To re-forge a spear ; fig. to
renew, revive ; = uku-Hlaziya.
i-R'ARNATE, n. 2. A pomegranate, fr. Du.
granaat.
um-R'AiiNATE, n. 6. The pomegranate-tree.
uku-Rasa, v. t. To make a silly or a harsh
noise.
i-Rashalala, n. 2. A scabby disease re-
sembling measles.
uku-Rashafasha, v. i. To rustle, clink, clatter.
ubu-6ashafasha, n. 7. The (rustling)
remnants of corn in a bag.
uku-Rashaza, v. To rustle.
i-Rashazo, «. 2. Rustling.
R'asi, n. 3. Barley, fr. Du. garst.
i-Rasowa, n. 2. One clad in different
colours ; a dandy ; = /- Cocombela.
uku-Rataza, v. i. To suffer from hoarseness
in the throat.
uku-Ratsha, v. t. To be proud, haughty,
supercilious; to boast.
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RA
i-ftatsha, n. 2. A proud, vain person; a
fool.
i-Ratshi, n. 2. Pride, haughtiness.
isi-Ratshana, 71. 4. A little brown bird; Du.
dagbreker.
uku-Ratshaza, v. i. To make a sound like
that of dry grass crackling underfoot ; =
iiku-Rashaza.
ukuti-Ratya, v. t. To grow dusky, become
twilight. Phr. xa hiti-ratya ngolamagqaza,
when it is not yet pitch dark, when igqaza is
still flying.
u-Ratya, «. 5. T^\^\^\.: ndifike ngoratya,
I arrived in the twilight ; sekungoratya, it
was already getting dark.
uku-l^atyaza, v. i. Of the eyes, to be dim
from old age.
u-Ratyazo, n. 5. Dimness of the eyes:
atnehlo aki selenoratyazo, his eyes are
already dim; also dusk, the evening
twilight.
uku-Ratyaza, v. t. To splash water in
throwing it from a vessel.
uku-Ratyela, v. To compete for a wife by
giving more /oWa-cattle than a rival
suitor; to make preparatory arrangements
for marriage.
i-Ratyufatyu, n. 2. One who has no settled
abode.
uku-RatyuIa, v. i. To be restless so as
not to remain in one place, but wander
about from place to place, or house to
house ; to gad or rove idly, without any
fixed purpose.
i-Rau, «. 2. (a) The generic name for
nettles, belonging to the genera Urtica,
Pouzolzia, and Fleurya, used as medicine
for wounds, sores and sore eyes ; fig. an
angr3% ardent, wrathful, passionate person;
one who is mettlesome like a young horse ;
loc. eviarawini. (b) A beginner, a servant
or animal (ox) still untrained.
(c) A brown spscies of monkey.
(d) A kind of ear-bead.
ubu-Rau, n. 7. New beginning, ardour,
mettlesomeness.
uku-Rauka, v. i. To be singed with fire,
as hair.
— Raula, V. t. (a) To singe, scorch, char:
raula hikiiku, singe the fowl.
(b) To start people on a line of work
or study which they themselves will
follow up.
— Rauzela, v. To itch or smart with a
burning sensation after being stung by
RA
nettles or the prickly seeds of hlabangubo:
isisu siyarauzr^ ^ , I have heartburn ; />^/'27^
iyarauzeld, the pepper burns; iyeza liya-
ratizela, the medicine is sharp, burning.
u-Rauzelo, w. 5. Burning sensation; itch.
uku-I^auzelela, v. To sting, cause a
burning sensation: ihm liyandiratizelela,
the nettle is stinging me ; tihitya kuyandi-
rauzelela, the food is burning me (in the
throat).
uku-Raula, v. t. To surround, compass,
encircle, as a place besieged in war: «m^i
yabamula abantu, the enemy surrounded
the people.
— Raulela, v. To surround a certain place
from far ; to surprise, attack.
isi-Raurau, n. 4. A kind of buzzard; = w-
Anxa.
i-R*AUTl, n. 3. Gold, fr. Du. goud.
uku-^auza, v. i. To creak: isihlangti siyara-
uza, the shoes creak,
uku-l^axa, v. i. To be stifled or choked (by
any liquid, such as water, as when a
person is drowned) ; fig. to chat, joke.
um-Kaxa, n. 6. A woman's modesty apron.
uku-ftaya, v. t. pass, rayiwa. To crush,
grind coarsely; to parch, as peas on the
fire.
um-ftayl, n. I. A crusher or one who
crushes anything.
um-Rayo, «. 6. Crushed maize.
uku-ftayeka, v. To be crushed, coarse;
to be crushable.
i-Rayirayi, «. 3. A riddle or conundrum:
masenze irayirayi, let us give guesses.
ubu-^azala, n. 7. Freshness, activity, sharp-
ness.
uku-Razula, v. t. To tea.r, rend: wigamzult
ingubo yako, do not tear your garment.
uku-Razuka, v. i. To be torn, rent
asunder: ingubo yake irazukile, his
garment is torn.
ukuti-Re, v. i. To be known by rumour or
report.
ulu-^e, «. 5. Plur. ama-Re. Noise, heard
from a distance ; rumour, report : ndive
amare ngayc, I have heard rumours re-
garding him.
ukuti-Re, v. i. To be exposed, as the bare
arm, or as the external world appearing at
daybreak.
uku-Reba, v. t. Em. To backbite, calumniate ;
= Hleba.
u-Rebe, n. I. A shark.
Rebefebe, adj. Of a person, fat, nice-
looking.
3;o
RE
uku-l^eca, v. t. ^ To touch lightly with the
fingers ; = uku-Resha.
uku-Rela, v. i. from ukutt-Ro. To be in a
line.
— Rellsa, V. To put in line.
i-Rele, n. 2. A short-handled assegai used
in hand-to-hand conflict as a stabbing
spear ; commonly used for sword.
ukuti-Relekeqe, v. i. (a) To appear sudden-
ly on the opposite side of a river, or at
some open space in a thicket.
(b) Of a person, to be finished with
one's work.
i-Relenqe, «. 2. Secret plan, etc., =^ /-i?«/^«?^-
Relefele, adj. Of flimsy texture as gauze,
muslin or a veil, through which the light
can be seen, transparent: ingubo ehlerele,
gauze or a light garment.
i-Relefele, n. 2. A threadbare blanket.
ubu-Relefele, n. 7- Flimsiness.
uku-^eletya, v. i. To conduct a shameful,
debauched, dissolute, lascivious life.
i-Reletya, n. 2. A lascivious, dissolute
man; fem. ireletyakazi.
ubu-Reletyo and ubu-^eletywa, n. /.
Shameful, indecorous conduct ; lascivious-
ness ; a breach of all decorum.
u-l^eme, M. I. A rascal ; = /«-ifewM.
uku-Renga, v. t. To divulge private affairs.
uku-Fjengqa, v. t. To cut down (grass,
corn).
i-Rengqa, n. 2. A reaping hook, sickle.
uku-Reqa, v. t. To gnaw, as a mouse ; to saw ;
to hack with a knife ; to cut off. v. i. To
get or run away, as a dog that has been
tied up; fig. to fall away, lose one's cha
acter; to desert a chief; to give up
Christianity and return to heathenism.
um-Reqi, n. l. A deserter, transgressor.
isi-Reqo, n. 4. and u-Reqo, n. 5. Falling
off, desertion, defection, revolt, return to
heathenism.
uku-Reqeza, v. i. To make a rattling noise
by striking a piece of wood or tin with a
stick.
ukuti-Refelele, v. i. To stand in military
array: ngumkosi-nmina lo ndiwubona uii-
rerelele? what army is this that I see
standing in line ?
i-Reref e, n. 2. Rumour ; indistinct intima-
tion of an occurrence; ct7 ulu-Re.
ukuti-Reshe, v. t. To touch lightly in pass-
ing swiftly, as a snake hurrying across the
legs of a sleeping person.
uku-Resha, v. t. To touch softly with the
finger; to touch lightly upon (a matter)
371
RE
to give a secret hint; to draw another's
attention to a certain thing; to insinuate,
impute evil conduct to others.
i-Reshenga, n. 2. A hint, allusion.
isi-Resho, n. 4. Insinuation, imputation.
uku-Reshela, v. To make an ineffectual
attempt to seize or strike : ndamreshela
kude, I missed him in beating.
■Reto, n. 2. Rumour, report.
-Retufetu, n. 2. A talkative person whose
words cannot be relied upon ; pi. reports,
rumours: indlebe zam zingamareturetu,
sometimes, or partly, I understand ; some-
times, or partly, not.
uku-RetuIa, v. i. To talk, go, work, etc.,
a little here and there, leaving much
undone; to do a thing superficially,
lightly, thoughtlessly.
isi-Retyane, n. 4. A kind of bird, perhaps
the Black Harrier, Circus mamus (Tetn.).
ama-Rewu, n. 2. pi. Thin porridge, light
non-intoxicating Kafir-beer made from
flour and sugar ; nicknamed by the heathen
utywala batnagqoboka, the Christians' beer.
u-Rexe, w. 5- (a) Obstruction of urine.
(b) A sloping, stony place.
i-Rexe, «. 2. Em. i-Rexa. A paramour.
uku-Rexeza, v. i. To commit adultery.
um-Rexezi, n. I. and i-Rexezi, n. 2. An
adulterer ; fem. mn- and i-Rexezikazi.
u-Rexezo, n. 5. um-Rexezo, n. 6. and ubu-
Rexeza, n. 7. Adultery.
uku-Rexezana, v. To commit adultery
with; in Bible, to go after strange gods.
— Rexezisa, v. To cause another to
commit adultery.
i-Reza, n. 2. The Bottle-nest weaver-bird,
Ploceus ocularius A. Sm.
um-Rezo, n. 6. (a) The last drain of milk
from the cow in milking, (b) Fine small
rain, (c) A train, as of a garment.
uku-Rezula, v. t. To graze, as a wheel
against a stone.
i-Rhamza, n. 2. A small plant like an onion,
growing by rivers.
uku-Rhangazela, v. i. Of burning fuel, to
crackle; of thunder, to rumble; also, to
dance in a certain way, = uku-Bayizela.
i-Rhangxafoti, n. 2. A swelling on the feet.
uku-Rhenya, v. t. To gnaw like a dog: la-
mrhenya ipango, hunger gnawed his vitals.
Rhenyana, v. To gnaw at or bite each
other.
RH
u-Rhenyano, n. 5. A gnawing or biting
each other.
ukuti-Rhitifhiti, v. i. Of the sky, to be
beautifully decked out : izulu lite-rhittrhitt, -
izidu lihonibtle; see iikii-Homba.
i-Rhonya, n. 2. An imaginary beetle pro-
vided with long, pointed teeth; it creeps
into a man's body, and by its severe biting
causes gripings or colic. Witchdoctors
who practise with cow-dung pretend to
extract it from the bowels.
ubu-Rhwambufhwambu, n. 7. The state
of being always ready to eat and drink
much; having always a good appetite
being voracious.
uku-Rhwambuza, v. To make a noise in
eating, as a cow does in long grass or in
a mealie-field.
i-Rhwana, n. 2. A small assegai used for
circumcising.
i-Rila, «. 2. Adventure.
uku-Rilika, v. t. To backbite, slander.
uku-Rina, v. i. To contend, dispute, fight.
uku-Rincela, v. t. To catch with a rope : aze
ayirincela enqineni, till he lassoed it above
the hoof ; = uku-Rintyela.
uku-Rincisa, v. t. To snare a bird in a trap.
ama-Rini, «. 2. pi. The region near the head
of the windpipe.
i-Rinifini, n. 2. One smeared over with
mud or other dirt.
ubu-Rinifini, n. 7. The state of being
smeared over with dirt.
i-Rinifongo, n. 2. That which is dirty,
besmeared with mud.
uku-Rlniza, v. i. To do any work, such as
smearing, in a slovenly manner.
ukuti-Rintye and uku-Rintyela, v. t. To
catch with a thong or lasso; to ensnare.
i-Rintyelo, n. 2. and isi-Rintyelo, «. 4.
Snare, noose, loop, lasso, fishing line.
uku-Rintyeleka, v. To be snared.
— Rintyelisa, v. To cause to ensnare, to
succeed in ensnaring.
ukuti-Ripu and uku-Ripula, v. t. To cut
through ; to tear open.
uku-Ririza, v. i. To emit grating sounds
like a crane ; to hawk (before spitting) ; fig.
to complain, murmur.
u-Rifizo, «. 5. Harsh, grating sound.
uku-Ririzela, v. To keep up a smothered
laughter after having been reproved for
open laughter, or when one is afraid to
laugh outright. 1
Rl
ukuti-RitifitI, v. t. To smear * defile one
with mud or other filth.
uku-Ritiza, v. i. To do hastily without
understanding; to speak or make
known only a little ; to be unintelligible.
uku-Ritshiza, v. i. To creak, as new shoes
or a new saddle.
i-Riwa, w. 2. Open fieJd ; green, rich pas-
turage.
uku-RlwuIa, V. t. To pounce upon, as a
hawk ; to rob.
uku-Rixa, v. t. To cast an aspersion on one.
i-Rixif ixi, n. 2. A slovenly, dirty place or
person; rough, grating speech.
ubu-Rixifixi, v. 7. Grating speech; dirti-
ness.
ubu-RixUili, n. 7. Dirtiness, slovenliness,
illegibility.
uku-Rixana, v. To have words with each
other: barixana nam, they had words
with me; misunderstanding arose be-
tween us.
ukuti-Ro, V. i. To come, as in a line, = uku-
Roza ; used in a bad sense for swearing.
um-Ro, «. 6. The black-headed oriole,
Oriolus larvatus Licht., so called from one
of its cries.
uku-Roba, v. i. To look through an opening;
to peep.
i-Roba, n. 2. A rent, opening, aperture or
crevice, as in a roof, wall or rock,
through which the light comes.
''isi-Roba, n. 4. A rent, hole in a garment.
ukuti-Robo, V. t. To break.
ukuti-Roborobo, v. i. Of a window or ship,
to be broken.
uku-Roboka, v. = ukuti-Roborobo.
— Roboza, V. t. To rend asunder, to crush
glass or other brittle things, to burst (a
barrel by standing on its end) ; fig. to
chatter, babble, tattle.
uku-Roboloza, v. i. To have diarrhoea.
uku-Rocoza, v. i. To sound, tinkle like a
bell ; to rattle, as the chains and ornaments
worn in dancing.
— Rocozisa, v. To cause or make to sound
or rattle.
uku-Rodoma, Em. v. t. To kill by cutting
the throat, (vulgar expression).
i-Rodomsha, «. 2. One who kills by cut-
ting the throat.
372
RO
RO
isi-Rofu, «. 4. A furious voracious person;
a robber : lomtu usirofu, this man is a terror
to others ; = urn- Pangi and i-Dlakudla.
uku-Rogela, v. t. To breathe in (dust) : isi-
kohlela sinokuti some sibe lululi olunokuti ke
lirogelwe ngabanye abantu, the sputum might
dry and become dust and so be breathed in
by other people.
isi-Rogola and isi-Rogolo, n. 4. The red-
ness of the sky, or of a face burnt by the
sun. Em. That which is bitter to the taste,
strong to the smell, e.g. singed porridge.
u-Rokofwane, «. 5- Endless, continuous
talk or procedure ; that which never ends,
e.g. ikazi.
i-Rola, n. 2. (a) The tissue or substance
with which an animal's horn is filled, (b)
A number of people, a deputation.
uku-Rola, V. t. and t. To draw out, bring out
to view: rola irele lakb, draw your sword;
rola imali yam, bring out, i.e. give me, my
money; to lead by the hand or a thong:
rola ihashe, lead the horse ; to lead by mo-
tive, induce, move; to drag along: ingubo
iyarola, the garment trails on the ground ;
to draw the enemy on by feigning flight;
fig. rola iqinga, give counsel; barola izizatti,
they produced their reasons: yiroleni! out
with it! i.e. good day!
um-Roli, n. I. One who pays out : ababeni
nabaroli, those who refuse to pay and
those who pay.
um-Rolo, n. 6. (a) A long stick of the
olive tree (umnquma) which is usually
carried bound up with a bundle of asse-
gais, used for first defence, (b) = iim-
Rozo, a row of people or buttons; stream
of blood, etc. ; ugazi Lakb limrolo yinina ?
Thy blood, why is it streaming ? (from
Ntsikana's hymn.)
uku-RoIeka, v. Of a thong, to be drawn
out: indlu irolekile, the house is drawn
asunder, i.e. is gone to ruin.
— Rolela, V. To draw out for : ndirolele,
draw out for me (my money) i. e. pay
me ; to trade ; to draw towards a certain
place: yirolele emlanjeni, drag it to the
river; fig. to retreat in battle.
uku-RoIa, V. t. To carve finely.
um-Roli, 11. 1. A carver.
u-Roio, w. 5, A carving, gravmg.
um-Rolo, n. 6. A fine carving, in wood
or stone.
uku-Rolela, v. To carve out for.
— Rolonga and Rolonqa, v. t. To scoop
out a round hole in the ground or in a
pumpkin ; to bore ; to engrave or carve
out words on a stone.
u Roldkoqo, n. 5. A very thin and lean-flesh-
ed person or animal; a long stiff tail
of a snake.
i-Roloma, n. 2. The socket of the eye.
uku-Rolonqa, see under uku-Rola.
i-Rolofolo, «, 2. A talkative person ; = /-
Polopolo.
uku-Roloza, v. t. To take anything out of
a bag; fig. to talk in a loose, careless
manner ; to excel in singing.
uku-Rolosha, v. t. To put the hand under
one's garment.
uku-Roma, v. t. To slaughter captured cattle ;
fig. to devise, plan, plot.
i-Roma, n. 2. A slaughterer of captured
cattle ; a plotter,
uku-Ronib6nca, w. f. To scoop out; of an
ulcer or smallpox, to eat into the skin.
uku-Rona, v. i. To snore.
R'ONANI ! interj. Good-night, fr. Du. goeden-
avond.
uku-Rongqoza, v. i. To roam, ramble.
i-Ronono, n. 2. A complaint.
uku-Rononela, v. To be dissatisfied.
i-Ronofono, n. 2. A dirty fellow, = i-Ronotto.
i-Ronono, n. 2. A person bespattered with
mud, a dirty fellow, adj. Rough of sur-
face: ndilironono, I have a rough face
(from smallpox. )
i-R'ONOSKAPU, often contracted to i-R'ONO, n.
3. A society, esp. a missionary society; the
mission-land belonging to the society ; also
contributions to a missionary society; from
Du. genootschap.
u-Ronxina, n. I. Tulp, Morsea polystachya
Ker., a species of iris poisonous to cattle.
The young shoots are plaited by the boys
into whip-ends.
i-R'ONYA and i-R'ONYE, n. 2. Sacking,
sackcloth.
uku-Ropa, To get squeamish, etc. ; = m^m-
Kopa.
uku-Roqa, v. t. To roast (coJBFee or beans).
— Roqela, v. To stir the roasting maize in
a pan.
ukuti-Roqo, v. t. To drink the last drop; to
succeed fully in stopping a running beast.
373
RO
ukuti-Roqo, I. v. i. To do always, continually,
often : wat'i-roqo uktiba neceshia, he often had
fever ; just behind : wasuka roqo, he went just
behind, following on one's heels.
ukutl-Roqo, II. V. i. To draw in the legs.
i-Roqofoqo, n. 2. A very thin and lean
person or animal : itnazi ezingamaroqoioqo,
lean-fleshed cows.
uku-Roqola, v. t. To bend or double up the
body from pain, cold or weakness.
u Roqolo, n. 5. A person or animal bent
up with pain.
u-Roqotyeni, «. l. The 'klip salmander'.
Generic name for rock lizards such as
those belonging to the genus Zonurus,
believed by Kafirs to be poisonous.
uku-Roqoza, v. i. To make a rattling crack-
ing noise, like dry hones •, = Rege2a.
uku-Roqoza, v. i. To roam, ramble, run
about; of children, to go astray; to do
one's work slovenly; to crawl, as a snail.
uku-Rofa, V. I. To murmur, complain; to
be dissatisfied, discontented, angry.
um-Rofi, n. I. A grumbler, murmurer.
isi-Roro, n. 4. Murmur, dissatisfaction,
complaint, censure, reproach.
uku-Rofela, v. To murmur at or against.
— Rorisa, v. To cause dissatisfaction,
raise murmuring and complaints.
— Rofisela, v. To satisfy one (used ironi-
cally).
i-R'OR'o. «, 3. A noxious insect or ' creepy
crawly' thing of any kind; dimin. irohva-
na; fr. Z.A. Dutch gogga.
uku-Rofonya, v. t. To clean bones by
scraping off all the flesh; to cut the flesh
out between the ribs; fig. to question, exa-
mine a person in the most searching and
minute manner.
u-RofozJ, «. 5. Whooping-cough.
isi-Rosha, «. 4. The external opening of the
alimentary canal ; the anus.
uku-Rosha, v. i. To excite, incite, r«use,
impel.
uku-Rota, V. i. To act valiantly; to be
brave, courageous.
i-Roti, n. 2. A valiant, brave, courageous
man; a hero.
ubu-RotI, n. 7. Couraga, fortitude, brav-
ery, heroism.
uku-Rotela, v. To be strong for.
isi-Rotoza, n. 4. An inquisitive disposition ; =
uku-Rana.
RO
To make a gurgling
uku-Rotyoza,
sound.
isi-Rovu, n. 4. One who eats much.
i-Roxa, n. 2. The refuse that clogs the
inside of a pipe.
ukuti-Roxe and uku-Roxa, v. i. To move
back, desist, retreat, recede: amanzi aroxile
emjelweni, the water receded in the furrow ;
to resign an appointment, to withdraw a
proposal ; of the cock of a gun, to spring
back; of a coward in war, to turn tail.
uku-Roxela, v. To recede to, move back
into.
— Roxisa, V. To draw back, cause to
retreat, withdraw: incaso eroxisiweyo,
opposition withdrawn.
u-Roxiso, «. 5. Resignation (from office.)
ukuti-Roxoxoxoxo, v. i. Of a dead person,
to utter a gurgling sound as if coming to
life again.
uku-Roxoza, v. i. To creak, as a wagon ;
fig. to continue to show signs of life.
R'OYiNDARAl inlerj. Good day, fr. Du.
goededag.
uku-Roza, V. i. To walk in a line close to
each other, to stand or fall in a line ; to
flow gently, as a stream of water trickling
down a hollow place ; of blood, to trickle
down in a thin stream.
ama-Roza, n. 2. pi. The row of stars
called Orion's belt.
uii5?Ro*'zo!' n. 6. ] ^ ""^ °f P^oPl^ o'* cattle
walking one after another; a row of
buttons; fig. a gentle trickling of blood,
making a thin stream as it flows down;
see um-Rolo.
uku-Rozlsa, V. To set in line or in a row.
ukuti-Ru, V. i. To tell a tissue of lies. adv.
Evenly, straight along (in ploughing or
sewing); in reading, to follow the line
without missing a word.
uku-Ruba, V. i. Em. To sing: iketile iyaruba,
the kettle is singing; of falling hail, to
rattle.
um-Rube, n. 6. A musical instrument
made by bending a piece of stick like a
bow, and fastening together the ends with
a plaited piece of thong or rush-string.
The player then plays on it as on a violin
by means of a small stick or rush which
he holds at right angles to the bow-string.
ukuti-Rubaxa, v. i. To feel hurt, ofl'ended,
i-Rube, n. 2. An edible root.
374
RU
V. i. To move forward
ukuti-Rubululu,
uku-Rubuluza,
on the belly, as a snake; to crawl, as a
snail; to glide along.
— Rubuluzisa, v. To cause to creep; refl.
form: iizirubuluzisa, he moves on the
belly, i.e. he creeps like a snake.
i-Rubuxa, n. 2. A plant, Pentanisia varia-
bilis Harv. used medicinally for stomach
disorders and scrofula.
uku-Rucuza, v. i. To sound, as a calabash
when shaken, or as the stomach of a person
who is running after having taken a long
draught of water.
uku-Ruda, v. i. Em. To have diarrhoea or
dysentery : umntivana iiynruda, the child is
purging.
— Rudisa, V. Em. To purge, to make to
purge ; to cause diarrhoea.
uku-Rtr.dula, v. t. To drag along the ground;
to put on the first thatch or coating on a
Kafir hut.
i-Ruka, n. 2. and um-Rukane, n. 6. = tim-Rti-
kwane.
um-Rukwane, n. 6. Anything long, as a
neck-chain or a speech ; plur., a beadwork
ornament.
imi-Rula, ti. 6. pi. Snakes believed to eat up
the insides of sick people.
uku-RuIuba, v. i. Em. = uku-Rubuluza. To
crawl on the belly.
i-Rulubele, n. 2. A long, tall person.
u-R'ULUMENTE, «. I. The Government, fr.
Du. goevernement.
i-R'ULUNELl, n. 3. Governor, fr. Du. goever-
neur.
i-Ruluwa, n. 3. Gunpowder,
uku-Ruma, v. t. (a) To give aid, contribute
(money, beads, rings) as an oblation to the
doctor, and so securing the right to
partake of the meat of the animal which has
been sacrificed for the sick person under
the doctor's treatment ; to support ; hence,
to contribute a subscription, (b) To pro-
pitiate the river-god by casting some article
of value, even if it is but a pin or grain of
maize, into the water, so that one may
not be afflicted with disease when crossing
the river or bathing in it: ndaruma
umlambo ngamaso am, I propitiated the
river with my earrings ; ct uku-Gqubi
isi-Rumo, «. 4. Contribution to a doctor's
fee.
u-Rumo, n. 5. and um-Rumo, n. 6. The
act of contributing; a subscription, e.g.
to a newspaper.
RU
uku-Rumela, v. To give, offer for : yonke
into abeyirumele igqira, everything which
he had given or offered to the priest-
doctor.
uku-Rumba, v. t. Em. To dig or scratch
with the fingers.
uku-Rumfeka, v. To be addicted to lying
or stealing.
uku-Runa, v. t. To sprain a limb.
— Runeka, v. To be sprained: ndiruneke
idolo, I have sprained my knee.
i-Rundasi, n. 3. Pondo. A half-caste; a
waster, ~ i-Hilihili.
i Rune, n. 2. A slovenly person, a vagrant,
a disreputable wretch.
um-Rungwane, n. 6. A scoundrel, rogue,
rascal, knave.
ukuti-Runqu, v. i. To go away; to leave.
ukuti-Runu, i'. i. To be stumpy, cut off short.
isi-Runu, n. 4. That which is stumpy;
anything without ears, e.g. a pig whose
ears have been torn off by the dogs.
uku-Runula, v. To cut off wholly; to
mutilate.
u-Runulo, «. 5. The cutting the whole
clean off.
i-R'UNYA, n. 2. Sackcloth, fr. Du. gonje.
uku-Ruqa, v. i. Em. To drag one's limbs
along, as a lame or deformed person does ;
to drag or trail, as a dress that is too long ;
to lead a horse; to keep nagging at a per-
son till one achieves his purpose.
um-Ruqo, n. 6. Train, trail of a garment.
uku-Ruqisa, v. To drag along the ground,
as a load of bushes, a log of timber, a dead
body, or the train of a garment.
uku-Ruqula, v. t. To try to shake loose a
pole or tree; to weaken, weary, tire out;
to cause to loathe, make disgusted: ukudla
kuyandiruqula, I am disgusted with the food,
it will not go down with me.
uku-Ruquka, v. To be tired, weary of a
company of persons, etc.: ndihiqukile
sisono or sisifo, I am tired of sinning or
sickness; to loathe; to be disgusted with
food; to be displeased, ill-humoured; to
dislike.
uku-Ruqukela, v. To loathe.
uku-Ruquluza, | ^_ . ^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^
— Ruquza, -'
drag one's limbs along; to drag, trail on
the ground.
— Ruquzela, v. To glide or creep along
as a snake.
RU
uku-Rura, v. t. To gnaw, as a dog the rope
by which it is tied; to scrape the flesh from
the bones; to disjoint, dissect by separating
the bones of an animal ; to cut, tear or pluck
out what is fixed (eye, tooth) : ngeniwarnHle
aniehlo cmi, ye would have plucked out
your eyes.
i-Rufu, 71. 2. A doctor who works with
snakes, scraping off and preparing snake-
bones, and who can draw out of the body
of a man the poison of a snake's bite.
Dimin. irurwana, a beginner in the art.
uku-Rufana, v. To separate from each
other: baritrana tiain, they separated
from me.
uku-Rufuza, V. i. To sew with a sewing
machine, from the sound.
uku-Ruruza, v. i. To have acidity in the
stomach.
u-Ruruzo, n. 5. Grating s,o\inA, = u-Ririzo.
uku-Ruruzela, v. To have a rumbling
noise in the stomach from flatulency ; =
uku-Xuxuzela.
uku-Rutaruta, v. t. To strip off bark; to pull
about. V. i. To be abstracted or distracted;
to struggle when tired.
— Ruteka and Rutaruteka, v. To be dis-
tracted: waruteka kiilungiselda okuninzi,
she was distracted about much serving.
ukuti-Rutu, V. t. Em. uku-Rutuia. To draw
out forcibly, suddenly: 7idaliti-i utu iicle, I
drew out the sword immediately.
— Ruturutvi, V. To draw out often.
uku-Rutya, v. t. To pull out, = uku-Ncolula.
ukuti-Rutyu, v. t. To drag out.
u-Ruxeshe, «. i. A destructive caterpillar
found in Kafircorn and maize.
uku-Ruzula, v. t. To pull by force from
another person when two are contending
for the same thing; cf. uku-Xuzula.
Rwa ! intcrj. The cry of u-Nomyayi.
Rwa ! rwa ! rwa ! batsho onomyayi, xa babe-
jikela ugasesitiyeni, Kra ! cry the rooks as they
fly around the gardens ; onomyayi beztndada
zase Afrika batini? ball Rwa, bat'i Rwa xa
balilayo, the rooks of the woods of Africa,
what are they calling? Krai Kra! Krai
(Children's songs).
ukutl-Rwaca, v, i. To fall gently; to rustle
(leaves, etc.).
uku-Rwacazela, v. i. To take up a defensive
position, - uhi-Givangcazela,
RW
Rwada, adj. Unripe, raw, underdone in cook-
ing : inyama irwada, the meat is not properly
cooked, is still raw.
Rwala, adj. Nearly ripe.
uku-Rwala, v. i. To discolour; to get ripe.
i-Rwala, n. 2. Fruit which is nearly ripe;
fig. one who has newly arrived home after
circumcision.
ubu-Rwala, n. 7. Youth.
uku-Rwalasa, v. i. To eat young maize
before it is fully ripe,
uku-Rwangqaza, v. i. To roam, ramble.
uku-RwangxuIa, v. i. To scratch deeply into.
i-Rwanqa, n. 2. (a) A black or red ox with
white spots on the face and a white-spotted
or white belly; fem. i-Rwanqakazi: irwanqa-
kazi elibomvu, a red cow with white belly ;
irwanqakazi elimnyama, a black cow with
white belly.
(b) A man with large, bushy whiskers or
a thick, large beard, adj. Bearded; dimin.
irwanqana, a person with scanty whiskers;
fig. a man who never serves at court.
i-Rwaittsa, n. 2. (a) Any thing angular with
sharp corners, which is cutting, scraping;
applied to the corners of an assegai shaft.
(b) A spear which is worked in that form.
i-RwantsJ, n. 2. Angular, fluted water-rush.
i-Rwaqa, n. 2. A fruit or field nearly ripe.
ukuti-Rwaqa, v. t. To scratch with the point
of a spear, causing an open wound.
uku-Rwaqela, v. i. To sit comfortably, at
ease; to creep up; to draw the legs up, in
or back quickly: rwaqela inyawo, draw in or
back your feet; to shorten, contract; to
start back from fright.
— Rwaqelisa, v. To place in order: rwaqe-
lisa iutambo, shorten the rope.
ukutl-Rwaqu and uku-RwaquIa, v, i. To
look askance; to take a quick look back; to
glance at.
uku-Rwaf wazela, v. i. To itch, = uku-Baba.
uku-Rwarwazela, v. i. To hasten, grow
quickly : umbona iirwarwazele, the maize has
grown rapidly; barwarwazela inkotno, they
hasten i.e. make a noise by running to and
fro in slaughtering an animal; cf. uku-
Rarazela.
— Rwarwazelela, v. Of an angry person,
to be eager to get at and strike one,
i-Rwashu, n. 2. The large black water-melon.
uku-Rwatshaza, v, ?. To rustle ; = «^m-^/i-.
shaza.
376
RW
uku-RWEBA, V. t. To persuade to buy; to
trade, barter, truck; to accumulate by
itinerant trading,
um-Rwebi, «. I, A trader, espec. an
itinerant one.
u-Rwebo, n. 5. Merchandise.
uku-Rwebana, v. To barter or buy from
each other.
— Rwebela, v. To trade for or in a certain
place; to lay up the profits of business;
to accumulate and lay up by trade.
um-Rwebeli, n. I. A trader, merchant;
fem. umrwebelikazi.
uku-Rwebelana, v. To trade with one
another.
— Rwebisana, v. To make trade one with
another: barwebisana nawe ngenqdlowa,
they traded wheat for thy merchandise.
uku-Rwebesha, v. t. To obtain things by
persuasion, clandestinely, by deceptive
representations or underhand proceedings;
to steal behind the back; to attract, allure,
entice, inveigle (a dog with a piece on
meat) ; to draw out the truth, like a detective
or policeman.
— Rwebesheka, v. To be enticed: undi-
iwebeshile, tidarwebesheka, thou hast en-
ticed me, and I was enticed.
ukuti-Rwece and uku-Rweca, v. t. To rub
or scratch on the back ; to touch a person's
ear slightly, so as to tickle if; to touch one
slightly, so as to call his attention secretly
to some person or thing ; to touch one so
as to^make him angry; to taunt, nip.
uku-Rwecana, v. To touch, tease each
other.
uku-Rwela, v. t. To scratch with the nails;
to catch, as thorns; to claw, as a cat; to
scratch in the ground; to scratch out,
scrape, shave ; fig. to offend.
— Rweleka, v. To be scratched.
— Rwelela, v. To scratch out for: uzirwe-
lela umda ojikclezayo izitende zenyawo zam,
thou drawest a line about the soles of my
feet.
uku-Rwempa, v. t. To scratch with the
finger-nails, so as to tear the flesh; to claw.
uku-RwentshuIa, v. t. To break the ears of
maize from the stalks.
isi-Rweqe, n. 4. A bundle of assegais; a
man's whole armour.
um-Rweqe, «. 6. A quiver for assegais.
uku-Rwefwa, v. t. To make a skin soft and
woolly by scratching it with aloe leaves.
XX 377
RW
uku-Rwexa v. i. To be coarse (sack) ; rough,
uncouth (speech), v.t. To rub soft: ingtibo
iyarwexwa, the dress is rubbed to make it
soft ; to cause irritation on the skin by any
rough friction: inguho erwexayo, a rough
garment which causes irritation ; fig. to hit
at, sneer, sting, vent one's spleen against
another; to cause a grating sound by
rubbing, as a file on a saw.
i-Rwexa, n. 2. used as adj. Coarse, rough.
i-Rwexu, 11. 2. A grey or grizzly-coloured,
spotted animal : iukomo ezingamarwexu,
spotted cattle ; mostly used as adj. : inkunzi
zebokwe ezirwexu, spotted he-goats; ezirwe-
xtikazi, spotted she-goats; fig. a person who
still has the mark of small-pox.
ukuti-Rwi, V. i. To move rapidly, or in a
straight line, as a shooting star, or a bullet
from a gun.
uku-Rwica, v. t. To work (plough, read,
etc.) in a straight line; to sew fine stitches.
uku-Rwila, x;. ^ To tack (a garment); to
sew with long stitches in a loose or slovenly
manner ; fig. to leave a thing unfinished or
incomplete.
uku-Rwina, v. i. Em. To whine as a child;
to lament ; = uku-Kwina.
uku-Rwinqela, v. i. To gather up the divi-
sions of an army into a concentrated mass
for action: fig. to concentrate a person's
energies in performing an enterprise.
i-Rwintsela, n. 2. A fastening, a knot for
the native sandal ; a double loop or knot in
a handkerchief, etc.
ftwintsintsi 1 interj. The cry of a dying
baboon.
uku-Rwiqela, v. i. To long for or after. Phr.
bayirwiqela atnate, they hanker after a thing.
uku-Rwiqela, v. t. To lay hold of and drag
away.
uku-Rwiqiliza, v. t. To lay hold of a person
or thing and drag it away, as a dead dog.
uku-Rwitsha, v. t. To strangle, suffocate.
isi-Rwitsha and isi-Rwitsho, n. 4. A
strangling; fig. hard labour, heavy work.
uku-ftwitshela, v. To strangle for: ingo-
nyama irwitshela ingonyamakazi zayo, the
lion strangles for his lionesses.
uku-Rwixa, v. i. To swallow, gulp down
with difficulty; fig. to speak in a loud,
sharp, angry tone: ndamrwixa ngamazwi, I
gave him a good telling off.
— Rwixana, v. To quarrel with each
other; to abuse one another: barwixana
tigentswazi, they are beating each other
with switches.
— Rwixiliza, v. To swallow, = uku-Rwixa,
O is sounded like 5 in the English word
*^ silver; the combination sh is sounded as
in English.
To prevent hiatus, 5 is inserted between
the Pron. subj. and the stem of vowel verbs,
in the Pres. participle and its compounds :
bendisoyika, I was fearing.
In nouns of the third class formed from
verbs beginning with s, t is inserted for
euphony; e.g. nhisikelela, ititsikdclo. In
some other cases 5 is sharpened into ts, e.g.
intsimi, plur. amasimi.
In this edition of the dictionary the
euphonic t is treated as part of the prefix.
Sa, I. poss. particle, 4 cl. sing.: isitya sani, my
vessel ; isonka settt (for satii), our bread.
2. pron. snhj. of Conj. Past, (a) I p. pi. :
sateta, and we spoke ; (b) 4 cl. sing. : isom
saxolelwa, and the sin was forgiven.
3. aux. verb. part, expressing the continu-
ance of an action or state; "still, yet". It
is inserted before the root of the verb and
used:
(a) With the pres. tense and its com-
pounds: «<f/sa^/a, I am still eating; kusasa,
it is still getting light, i.e. it is early, in the
dawn of the day.
Similarly, it is used before the auxiliary
stem of the Future and its Compounds, and
in such cases it may displace the auxiliary:
ndisaya kusebenza or ndisa kiisebenza, I shall
work still, or I shall yet work; tisaya kiisi-
vuyisa, he will yet make us rejoice.
(b) With Perfects denoting a state of
being: ndisahleli, I am still alive; ndisapt
lile, I am still well ; wena usalimele mgatna
ilizwi lika Tixo, you who stand still far from
the word of God.
(c) Before monosyllabic and vowel verbs
it is shortened into 5 : ndisemi, I am still
standing ; 7idisoyika, I am still fearing (not
to be confounded with the Pres. Participle
and its Compounds: ndisoyika, I being
afraid).
4. Before predicates other than verbs sa
is changed into se, (a) when the verb, root
of itkuBa is left out: ndisekd = tidisabakd, I
am still present ; tigohiba bengasekd = bengabi
sabako, because they are no longer present ;
akase (contrac. from akabi sabi) nto yamntu,
he is no longer a useful man.
(b) Before Adjectives: iimntu waqala
ku<aesewncinaue iikufiinda, the man com-
menced to learn when still young.
(c) Before the Copula: tidisetigtimntti, I
am still a person: tigoko akusengiimkonzi 1
therefore you are no longer a servant. ' I
378
(d) Before Adv. : bchilmigele kanye ukuba
ndibe ndisekona, it were better for me to be
there still.
5- In some instances it means (a) "to get
ready, prepare for": ndisetttka, I am just
about ready to depart, I am on the point of
departing.
(b) "still further, above that": iisafuna
ntO'tiinaf what do you want more ? iisdU'i, he
further says.
(c) "to be accustomed, to be wont":
inihumhulu amakivenkwe asakudlala ngayo,
the ball with which the boys are accus-
tomed to play: aba basakuti, those who are
in the habit; bekusa ktiti, when it so
happened that,
6. In negative sentences it conveys the
idea "no more, no longer": andisasebenzi,
I no longer work; akivabi sabako fnntu urn-
ucedayo, there was no longer a person who
helped him; kungabi sabiko kufa, and death
shall be no more.
In the Future it expresses an emphatic
negative: andisayi kubuya, contrac. andiso-
kubuya, I will not return (at all, or any
more) ; andisayi kuza, contracted andisoze, I
will never.
Sa, pron, subj. of Absol. past (aorist). (a) I p.
plur. : sahamba, we walked, (b) 4 cl. sing. :
isono saxolelwa, the sin was forgiven.
Sa ! interj. Used to set dogs at an animal to
drive it away, -st! probably fr. Du. sal
isi-Sa, n. 4. Kindheartedness, tenderhearted-
ness, benevolence, favour, liberality, help,
assistance: wasiiiceda ngesisa, he helped us
liberally; wenzc ngesisa, you acted benevo-
lently; namkele ngesisa, yipani ngesisa, freely
you have received, freely give.
Adi\ kasisa, bountifully: zvovuna kasisa,
he will reap bountifully.
um-Sa, n. 6. The love, tenderness, benevo-
lence of a mother to her children.
ukuti-Sa, V. i. To get separated, dispersed,
scattered: igusha zitesa, the sheep are scat-
tered; bate suqu, they were totally, widely
scattered, dispersed (said of a hunting party
when entering a forest in an extended line,
or of men dispersing after a cannon shot).
int-Sasa, n. 3. and u-Sasa, n. 5. pi. intsasa.
Brushwood, small wood which lies
scattered on the ground; prunings of
trees: inyanda yentsasa, a bundle of sticks,
dim. intsasana, soldiers.
uku-Sasaza, v. t. To strew, scatter (dry
things) ; fig, to give liberally, bountifully.
5A
— Sasazeka, v, To be capable of being
strewn, scattered, etc.
uku^SA, I. V. i. (a) Of the day, to break, i.e.
to begin to grow light in the morning : kii-
yasa, daylight begins; kuse mpondo zankojno,
very early (when the horns of the cattle can
just be discerned); kusile, it is daylight;
kusa ktihlwe lemihla yotike behlutisa inkanuko
zabo, satisfying their desires every day early
and late; to become light or clear, as the
sky after rain or fog : lisile iztilu, the atmo-
sphere is clear, bright, without clouds. Phr.
kuyasa nangomso, even to-morrow will
dawn, to morrow will do.
n. 8. The break of day ; morning. Phr.
vktisa akufiki kabini ukuza kuvtisa timntu, the
dawn does not come twice to waken a man,
i.e. a lost opportunity never returns.
adv. kusasa, lit. it is yet dawning ; early
in the morning.
(b) To be frivolous, light-minded, naugh-
ty: mus'ukusa, do not be foolish, wild, head-
strong; timiitu osileyo, an impertinent, im-
pudent, saucy, conceited person. (The
following forms ref. to cl. 2 pi. must be
distinguished: abbrev. rel. asd, who or
which become clear; absol. past asa, they
become clear; conj. past asa, and they
become clear ; short pres. asa, they become
clear).
ili-Sa, n. 2, A crack in the foot: inyawo
zinamasa, the soles of the feet have
cracks.
int-Sasa, n. 3. The early morning.
um-So, n. 6. The dawn of day, the morning :
babuta itniso ngemiso, they gathered every
morning; urns' obomvii, the dawn, the rosy
morning twilight, adv. ngomso, to-
morrow, lit. on the (coming) morning;
ngomso mnye, the day after to-morrow-
ngomso omnye komnye, the second day
after to-morrow ; ngengotnso, on the next
morning. i-Ngomso, n. 2. That which
concerns, belongs to to-morrow: ingomso
liya kuxalela okivalo, the morrow will be
anxious for itself.
uku-Sela, v. used in the Passive only. To
light for; to cast light upon: ilizwe
liman'ukuselwa lizulu, the country has
constantly a clear sky; inyanga iselwe, lit,
the moon is overtaken -by the morning,
denoting the waning of^the moon after
the full ; ndiselwe, I was overtaken by
the morning, I was still in bed at
sunrise, i.e. I am late.
— S\&a, V. (a) Lit. To cause the morning
to appear, to bring in the daybreak; to
SA
continue at a party or revel the whole
night until morning, espec. to sing at
marriage-feasts till daybreak: umvumo
uyakusisa, the concert will go on all night,
(b) To cause to be silly.
u-Siso, n. 5. Night revelry.
uku-5a, II. (ukw Isa), v. t. To take to; to
convey, remove, bring from one person or
place to another: wati yikani nise kwinjoli,
besa-ke, he said, draw out and bring it to
the ruler of the feast, and they brought it ;
abantwana bake basiwe kuye pezolo, his chil-
dren were brought to him last night. Phr.
bamsa iliso, they directed him, kept an eye
on him; abalise so ilizivi, they paid no
attention to the word; ba7nsa izandla, they
laid hands on him by force ; they caught and
beat him; abandisanga ngandlela, they did
not take any notice of me = abandipendtilanga.
This form is used also in the prepos. sense
"to": kiitabatela e-Dikeni kuse e-Qonce, from
Alice to King Williams Town. (The follow-
ing 2 cl. pi. forms must be distinguished:
abbrev. rel. asd, who or which take to;
absol. past asa, or esa, they took to; conj.
past asa or esa, and they took to; short
pres. dsa or esa, they take to).
—Sana, (ukw-Isana), v. To pursue one
another; to drive one another in a
certain direction. Phr. kwamsana eliweni,
they pursued one another to the utmost ;
besana amehlo, they looked on each other.
— 5ela, V. To bring for or to : ndamsela
lento, I brought him this thing.
— 5isana, v. To help each other.
uku-Saba, (ukw-Isaba), v. t. and i. To flee,
flee from: ndasaba, I fled; zisabe izono, flee
from sins.
um-Sabi, n. l. A fugitive.
int-Sabo, n. 3. Flight from an enemy.
uku-Sabela, v. (a) To flee to a place of
refuge ; to seek protection at : masisabele
entabeni, let us flee to the mountain, (b)
To answer one who calls, or a call from
far : sabela wakubizwa, answer when you
are called; fig. to echo: iliwa liyasabela,
the rock echoes.
— Sabisa, v. To cause to flee.
i-Sabiso, n. 2. A fleeing from; a retreat.
Saho, poss. pron. (a) I cl. pi. ref. to 4 cl. sing.
Their: isitya saho, their vessel.
(b) 7 cl. ref. to 4 cl. sing. Its: isihlalo saho,
(ubukosi), its (the authority's) seat.
uku-5adalaia, v. i. To lie down or be pressed
down under a burden.
— Sadalalisa, v. To oppress by laying a
burden upon.
SA
To be mixed up pell-
ukuti-Sadusadu, v
mell.
uku-Saduka, v. i. To be scattered.
Saeso and saseso, distrib. pron. 4 cl, sing.
Each, every : saeso isitya, every vessel.
ubu-5agu, «. 7. A vain idea or thought.
i-Sakabula, n. 2. Baca. The Long-tailed
widow-bird, = i-Baku (b).
uku-5akasa, v. t. To stab right and left:
wabinza wasakasa, he stabbed many people.
adv. Often, very, much.
Sake, poss. pron. 3 pers. sing. ref. to 4 cl. sing.
His: isifo 5rtke, his sickness.
Sak6, poss. pron. (a) 2 p. sing. ref. to 4 cl.
sing. Thy : isibane sa\i.b, thy candle, (b) 8 cl.
ref. to 4 cl. sing. Its: galela ukudla esityeni
saV.b, pour the food into its vessel.
5aku, Temp. mood. I p. pi. When: sakuba
stjikile, when we had arrived ; 4 cl. sing. :
sakuqikeka isitya, when the vessel broke.
um-Sa-kwabo, //. I. (used by women). Their
younger sister ;um-Sakwenu, your younger
sister; um-Sakwetu, my younger sister
cf. um-Na-kwabo, etc.
jku-Sala, v. i. To remain, stay, tarry behind
wasala ekaya, he remained at home (when
others had left it) ; to remain over, gen. in
perf. : into eseleyo, that which remains;
itnihla esaseleyo, days which still remained.
The imperative sala, plur. salani, Farewell I
is used by a departing person to those who
remain: salani zinkomo! good-bye, you
fellows I
— Saleka, v. To be left, e.g. alive instead
of being killed.
— Salela, v. To remain behind on account
of some circumstance referred to, or for
some purpose : wasalcla uyise, he remain-
ed on account of his father; wasalela
u-Nantsi, he outlived So-and-so.
i-Salela, n. 2. ~\
int-Salela, «. 3. [ What remains; remain-
isi-Salela, n. 4.)
der, remnant, e.g. of a tribe nearly exter-
minated.
uku-Salisa, v. To cause to remain; to keep
back or retain a portion: salisa iniali,
retain a balance of money, take care
that some remains over.
uku-Salisela, v. To leave to: u-Ychova
wasisalisela intwana esindileyo, the Lord
left unto us a very small remnant.
i-SALl, n. 3. A saddle, fr. Du. zadel.
u-Sali, n. 5. Dispersion, scattering; abazinlsnii,
those of the dispersion.
380
5A
Sale, poss. pron. Its. (a) 2 cl. sing. ref. to 4 cl.
sing.: isandi sa\o (ilizivi), its (the word's)
sound, (b) 5 cl. sing. ref. to 4 cl. sing.:
uhlanga luyasitanda isizive sa\o, the nation
loves its tribe.
Sam, poss. pron. I p. sing. ref. to 4 cl. sing.
My: isisd sara, my kindness.
u-Sambuntsuntsu, n. I. A rich person.
uku-Samela, v. i. To possess the highest
authority, sovereign power ; to rule.
u-Samsamu, «. i. Kind of vegetable marrow;
the Ceylon pumpkin.
uku-Sana, Recip.form of iikuSa II.
u-Sana, n. 5. pi. intsana. Infant, baby, little
child.
ubu-Sana, w. 7. Infancy; childishness.
i-Sanara, w. 2. Mark, spot; red on black or
black on red.
i-Sandekela, n. 2. A careless, indolent,
dishonest person.
Sanga, aor. of I p. pi. and 4 cl. sing, of uku-
Nga (a) and (b), which see.
uku-Sangana, v. i. To be contracted, drawn
together: imini isangene, the day has de-
clined or it is now late; izulu lisangene,
the sky is beclouded ; ukusangana kwelanga,
the decline of the sun; fig. to be soon
angry; to manifest an irritable temper:
uhuso bake busangene, he frowns.
u Sangano, n. 5. Perverseness.
uku-Sanganisa, v. To contract, i.e. to
misrepresent, misstate for the purpose
of deceiving: teta ungasanganisi, speak
straightforwardly without shifting or
perverting.
um-Sanganiso, n. 6. A misrepresentation,
misstatement made with intent to
deceive.
i-Sango, «. 2. (a) The opening or entrance
to a cattle-kraal ; gateway. Abamasango,
door-keepers, (b) An eye or loop in a
cord or thong; dimin. isangwana,
uku-Santsula, v. i. To run, spring or jump
away.
— 5antsulisa, v. To cause to run, jump
or spring away; to drive away (child,
cat, etc.,) to a distance ; to pursue, give
no rest to ; to follow again and again and
drive away; fig. to dun a person for
debt; to prosecute and pursue without
mercy or consideration ; to take all a man
has for debt.
u-Sap6, n. 5. Offspring, descendants of a
man; the family, i.e. the wife and children,
the husband being excluded. Plur. intsapo,
applied to the children of the family; and
SA
hence to children in general, without
special reference to any family.
Dimin. tisatshana, used of the family;
plur intsatshatia, infants, little children
(term of endearment, meaning dear
children.)
u-Sap6kazi, n. 5. A young heifer of about
one year old; also a large family.
ubu-Sap6, H. 7. Sonship.
u-Saqomole, n. I. A fish, the stumpnose.
i-SAR'A, 71.1. A saw, fr. Du. zaag.
uku-Saf a, v. i. To go about seeking beer or
brandy ; to go about seeking to do mischief to
girls: usuke wandisara,he tried to wrong me.
um-Safi, n. l. Plur. ama-Sari. One
who goes about seeking beer or brandy.
i-Safa, n. 2. A canteen keeper.
int-Sasa, n. 3. The early morning. See uku-
Sal.
int-Sasa, n. 3. and u-Sasa, n. 5. Brushwood;
and uku-Sasaza, to scatter. See under
ukutt-Sa.
int-Sasa, «. 3. The golden-breasted bunting,
Emberiza fiaviventris Steph.
u-Sasa, n. 5. A kind of sickness caused by
drinking too much beer, etc.: upelwe bisasa,
he feels cold and shivery in the morning
after drinking too much.
int-Sasauli, n. 3. A slender branch of a tree.
Sasi, contrac. aiix. i p. pi. and 4 cl. sing.;
see Saye.
Saso, poss. pron. of 4. cl. sing. ref. to 4 cl.
sing. Its: isono simelwe sisibeto saso, sin
must have its punishment.
uku-SATANISA and Satanisela, v. t. To
imitate Satan; to act in a diabolical
manner; to impose upon; to pervert truth,
or any word, saying or message ; cf. iiku-
Qatanisela.
ama-Satasata, n. 2. pi. Useless things.
ubu-Satasata, n. 7. That which is long, thin,
meagre, lean; fig. an unproved accusation.
int-Sataza, n. 3. A lean ill nourished per-
son (a word of vituperation).
ubu-Satsha, n. 7. from uSapo. The age
of earliest infancy.
u-Satshazana, n. 5. Dimin of uSapo,
which see; also, a young female animal,
less than a year old, or about that age;
also = iininakazi.
ukuti-Sau, v. t. To cut with a sharp knife.
n. 8. Cutting with a sharp knife.
uku-5aula, v. t. To throw off, shoot off,
hurl ; as boys do, putting a piece of clay,
or an um-P^, on the point of an elastic twig
or switch and hurling it off at an object.
SA
um-Sauli, «. i. A slinger.
isi-Saulo, n. 4. A sling.
Sawo, poss. pron. (a) 6 cl. sing. ref. to 4. cl.
sing. Its : mnoya unesandi sawo, the wind
has its sound, (b) 2 cl. pi. ref. to 4 cl. sing.
Their: kupa aniatole esibayetii sawo, bring
out the calves from their fold.
Saye, aux. of compound tenses, (a) I p. pi.
pers. pron.: saye 51- (contrac. sasi-) tanda,
we were loving; sa(ye)sihambUe, we had
walked, (b) 4 cl. sing.: isilonda saye si-
(contrac. sasi-) luma, the sore was painful;
sa{ye)singayi kupola, it would not have
healed, or it will not heal.
Sayo, poss. pron. (a) 3 cl. sing. ref. to 4 cl.
sing. Its, his: indoda if una isitshetshe sayo,
the man is searching for his knife, (b) 6 cl.
pi. ref. to 4 cl. sing. Their: imiti inesiqa-
mo sayo, the trees have their fruit.
Saza, I p. plur. or 4 cl. sing, past tense of
uku-Za, used idiomatically to introduce a
further statement. Then. See nku-Za 2 (b).
Sazo, poss. pron. Their, (a) 3 cl. pi. ref. to 4
cl. sing.: zingetiise igusha esibayeni sazo,
bring the sheep into their fold, (b) 4 cl.
pi. ref. to 4 cl. sing.: beka izonka esityeni sazo,
put the loaves on their dish, (c) 5 cl. pi.
ref. to 4 cl. sing.: ittkozo ezimbalwa zisesise-
leni sazo, a few grains are in their pit.
Se, (sometimes sel to prevent hiatus), I. aux.
verb, particle, expressing (a) " Already, now,
by this or that time". It is used with the
pres., perf. and fut. participles: sendisebenza,
I now or already work; ubeseletanda, he
was (then) already loving; sendifikile, I
have already arrived; sesilungile, we are
fully prepared now; sengati intliziyo yam
ingagqoboka, it seems as if my heart would
already burst ; sendiya kudla, well, I will
eat now ; ndosendihamba-ke, well, I will go
then; seleke wahibona-nje ukupatwa komzi,
having formerly seen the ruling of the
place.
(b)To be ready; to prepare to act; to
have come to a decision : sisesihamba kalo-
ku, we are ready to walk, i.e. in the act of
walking; masesihamba siye kwa-Kama apb,
let us now go even unto Kama's place;
makaseleba sicaka, let him rather be a
servant.
2. aux. verb. part, for sa " still, etc.," see
Sa4.
Se, adj. On the other side, out of sight ; loc.
ese ; into esese, that which is out of sight;
hence secret.
381
SE
SE
Ngasese or ese, adv. On the other side of I ukuti-Sebevu, r. /. To sit idle, like a person
something in the distance : ngasese or ese \ who is tired •, = ukuti-Kebevu.
uku Sebeza, v. i. To whisper.
um-Sebezi, n. i. A whisperer.
kivalankalo, on the other side of that
ridge ; hence, secretly : hlala ngasese, stay
out of sight; bateta ngasese, they spoke
secretly; hamba ngasese kwaki, go with-
out his knowledge.
i-Sebe, n. 2. A branch of a tree, a branch of
an association; a department of govern
ment. Phr. wabeka iscbe lenkau, he screened
himself. (Monkeys screen themselves be-
hind branches).
um-Sebe, «. 6. The eyelash.
uku-Sebenza, v. t. pass, setyenzwa. To do or
perform work; to work, toil; to perform
any operation or service : ivosebenza ntonina,
seyjpelile imali ynkof what work will you do
when your money is gone ? fig. to act or
operate as medicine ; to use : abo basebenza-
yo ngelihlabat'i, those that use this world.
um-Sebenzi, n. i. A workman, labourer.
uttrnillSsJ Work, workmanship,
labour, operation, service, pursuit, occu-
pation: ndifuniimsebenzi, I am looking
for work; usefulness for work, worth:
izenibe linomsebenzi walo, the hatchet is
useful; alinamsebenzi, it is useless; umntu
ongenamsebenzi, a useless, worthless,
naughty person.
int-Sebenzo, n. 3. Operation, work,
business; also that for which one works
wages.
u-Sebenzo, «. 5. Working.
uku-Sebenzela, v. To work for or on
account of: zvandisebenzela, he laboured
for me.
— Sebenzisa, v. To make, cause, or com-
pel to work; to give work, employment
to one ; to help to work ; to use : silisebe-
nzisa ilizwi, lit. we make the word work,
i.e. we use it.
um-Sebenzisi, n. l. (a) Fellow-labourer,
(b) Employer.
uku-Sebenzisana, v. To work together
with: uYonatan uscbenzisene no-T'ixo
tiamhla, Jonathan hath wrought with God
to-day.
um-Sebenzisani, «. i. A fellow-worker,
uku-Sebenzisela, v. To make one work
for some purpose, e.g. to pay off his
debts.
— Sebenziselana, v. t. To work together
for : zonke izinto zisebenziselana okulungileyo,
all things work together for good.
382
int-Sebezo, n. 3. and u-Sebezo, «. 5.
Whispering.
uku-Sebezela, v. To whisper into the ear of.
— Sebezelana, v. To whisper together:
basebezelana vgam abanditiyayo, those that
hate me whisper together against me.
5edwa, adj. I p. pi. We alone; see Dwa.
uku Sefa, v. t. To sift, fr. Du. zeven.
uku-Sefeka, v. i. Of material, to become
worn, threadbare; of an animal, to lose its
hair •, = uku-KutHka.
uku-Seka, v. t. To cut or make a small
furrow or ditch in a circular form as
natives do when building their houses; to
put under, as stones under a pot, or a
foundation to support a building; to sup-
port ; to make a foundation : safika indlu yaki
ingekasekwa, we arrived when his house
was not yet founded; indlu ibisekwa pezu
kwetala, the house was founded on a rock.
um-Seki, «. i. One who lays a foundation:
umseki womhlaba, he who laid the founda-
tion of the earth, i. e. God.
isi-Seko, n. 4. and uSeko, n, 5. Foundation,
support, base, stand.
uku-Sekela, v. To place for support : sekela
imb'iza, put something under the pot;
to found on or at a certain place : indlu
isekelwa ematyeni or nganiaiye, the house
has been founded on stones; to prop up,
as a buttress against a building; fig. to
support, sustain, as one in a declining
state of strength; to second or support
a proposal.
i-Sekela, n. 2. The second in rank: isekela
lenkosi, the youth who was circumcised
before the chief's son.
u-Sekelo, ?i. 5. and um-Sekelo, n. 6. -isi-
Seko.
um-Sekela, n. 6. The posteriors.
uku-Sekeleza, v. t. To make a detour for
any purpose, as pursuing game or in catch-
ing a horse, or to avoid being seen ; fig. to
speak in such a way as to conceal one's
real thoughts ; to try to obtain indirectly,
not by open means, e.g. to try to obtain an
office or emolument by pretending piety :
amatuba asekeleze wona ekwenzeni kwaki
ngawaphta ? what aims was he trying to
compass in his doings ? ttna aph sisekeleze
ubutyebi basemhlabeni, we here try to obtain
the worldly riches.
SB
int-Sekelezo, n. 3. The desire to get some-
thing by indirect means.
isi-5ekelezo, n. 4. A reward, or recom-
pense obtained in an indirect way.
int-Sekelezana, n. 3. Undergarments,
leggings, greaves.
uku-Sekemela, v. To eat comfortably with
a good appetite ; to get fat.
i-SEKILE, K. 3. A sickle, fr. Eng. This imported
name is displacing i-Renqga.
Sel, Already, see Se.
uku-Sela, v. t. Pondo. To steal.
i-Sela, n. 2. A thief.
ubu-Sela, n. 7. Theft, thievishness : ubusela
balomntubukulu, the inclination of this man
for stealing is great.
uku-Sela, v. t. To drink ; to absorb, empty :
5^/' amanzi, drink water ; iikusela umoya, to
get refreshed. Phr. itscla vgendebe endala,
lit. you drink out of the old cup, you use a
vessel handed down to you from ancestors,
i.e. your cattle were not taken in any war,
you still possess the same cattle ; you were
never in any calamity.
um-Seli, «. i. A drunkard.
i-Seia-wayini, n. 2. Awinebibber.
i-Sela-mva, «. 2. One who is behind,
comes after; a descendant ; = /-rt'/r7/Hx^rt.
int-Seli, n. 3. One who drinks, a drinker.
isi-Selo, n. 4. Drink, esp. Kafir-beer.
u-5elo, n. 5. Drink; drinking, as a habit.
uku-Selela, v. To drink to or for.
u-Seleiwano, n. 5. A drinking-bout.
uku-Seza, v. To give or cause to drink:
hamb' iiye hisez'ihashe, take the horse to
the river for a drink ; to drench.
i-Sele, n. 2. Generic name for a frog.
isi-Sele, n. 4. A pit dug out in the cattle-
kraal as a store for preserving mealies ; see
i-Nyatt.
Phr. ndisisisele-na ? or ndisisiscle sotnbinzaiia ?
am I the mealie pit common to all ? said by
a person who is worried by others day
after day to give them food ; isisele som
hinzana scV umbinza, people think they
have a right to steal from this pit.
um-Sele, n. 6. Ditch, trench, water-fur-
row, drain ; orig, applied to such as were
formed by natural causes ; ubelu lomsele,
brandy.
ubu-Sele, n. 7. used as adj. Pit or ditch-
like.
uku-Selela, v. t. To fill or cover up: selela
umgodi, fill up the shaft ; to hide : wamse-
lela entlabathii, he hid him in the sand.
int-Selelo, n. 3. Filling in a hole or ditch ; I
3, suppressed matter. I
383
SB
uku-Sele(eka, v. To be smothered.
u-5elesele, n. 5. That which is soft : into
eluselesele, a soft, thin thing.
um-Seiu, n. 6. used as adj. Pointed, shaped
like an egg.
i-Selwa, n. 2. A calabash that has been dried
and perfectly cleaned out ; it is then used
for holding amaSi.
u-Selwa, n. 5. The calabash, when growing.
Phr. Iwahlanz' uselwa, he died suddenly.
ama-Selwana, n. 2. pi. A plant from which
a decoction is made to relieve restriction
of urine.
i-SEMA, M. 2. Kafirised from C. M. R. A
Cape Mounted Rifleman.
i-Seme, n. 2. Kind of bustard, Du. pauw.
Vhx.iseme lizalela elubala, the bustard lays
her eggs in the desert, i.e. he acts openly.
i-SEMELE and i-SEMlLE, n. 3. Bran ; fr. Du.
zemelen.
i-5ende, n. 2. A testicle : into enesende, the
masculine gender.
isi-Sende, «. 4. (a) Swelling of the testicle,
(b) The mistletoe.
u-Sendo, n. 5. The flank of a beast; the
flabby flesh on the ribs.
Senga, contrac. from sekunga ; see uku-Nga (b).
uku-Senga, v. t. To milk a cow or any
other animal; it is only used of women
when it might be literally done to the
girls of a village for the purpose of
detecting the mother of a murdered child;
tihisenga amattinibu, to press out the
contents of the intestines of an animal
between the finger and the thumb prior to
cleaning and cooking them.
Phr. kusengwa'ikati, it's the cat that's milked,
is said of a man who has nothing at all.
(Milking is one of the principal domestic
duties performed by the men, and it is
astonishing to observe what patience,
perseverance and tenderness they show to
their cows, and how docile and submissive
the latter have become under their treat-
ment), adv. ngohisenga, at the time of
milking.
um-Sengi, w. I. A milker ; fig. a councillor
of a chief.
int-Sengwebekwa, n. 3. lit. a cow that
looks round for her master as she is
being milked. That which is not bona
fide one's own, e.g. a cow borrowed for
milking.
uku-Sengela, v. To milk for another, or
into a vessel : serigela etungeni, milk into
the pail. Phr. enetimga ayisengelwa pantsi,
SE
a cow which has a pail is not milked on
to the ground, i.e. a truthful man cannot
be overlooked.
— Sengisa, v. To cause to milk; to help
in milking.
int-Senge, ;/. 3. The root of um-Senge,
eaten in times of scarcity.
um-Senge, n. 6. The Cabbage-wood tree,
Cussonia spicata Tliunb., which is
largely used for brake-blocks, and whose
roots are commonly eaten by the boys
and, in times of scarcity, by the people
generally. Two other species, C pani-
culata E. and Z., found in the uplying
parts, and C. umbellifera Sond., abundant
in the Transkei, also share the same name.
ukuti-Sente, v. t. To cut into small pieces;
fig. to have compassion.
uku-SENTlLA, V. i. To keep watch, from
Eng. sentinel.
i-SENTiLE, n. 2. A sentinel.
Senu, poss. pron. 2 p. pi. ref. to 4 cl. sing.
Your: isaqoni seau, your wild vine.
u-Senza, n. I, A vegetable marrow. Phr.
ngiimtwalo lia senza, it's a troublesome job.
i Sepa and i-SEPU. n. 3. Soap, fr. Du. zeep.
uku-Sesa, v. t. To cause another to execute
or do that which one is afraid to do, or
would not like to do himself; to set aside ;
to cast (a jury-man) ; to damn. (?)
um-Sesane, h. 6. A finger-ring; a line, row;
impetu enemisesane, a ringed worm.
5ese, see Se.
ama-S'etdle, see under aina-Si.
Setu, poss. pron. 1 p. pi. ref, to 4. cl. sing.
Our: isisimi setix, our field.
uku-Setu!uka, 11. t. To slide down a side-
ling place or road, as a vehicle slipping
down by its own weight.
um-SetuIuka, ;/. 6. A sideling place on
a road which is so sloping or steep as to
endanger a vehicle's sliding down or up-
setting.
uku-Seza, See under tiku-Sela.
uku-Sezela, v. t. To sniff, scent, smell:
bauempumlo, abasezeli, they have noses, but
they smell not.
-sha and -she, Termination of words
formed from foreign words: igiisha, a sheep,
from Hottentot gus; iJiashe, from lians;
bedcsha from Du. beden; filisha, from Du.
vryen.
Shehe, interj. Hallo! ho!
uku-Shenxa, v. i. To move aside, out of
the way; to give place, to move lower
down ; fig. to desert, apostatise ; to become
384
, move away
5H
unfaithful, false : shenxa kuin, :
from me.
— Shenxela, v. To move aside to or
for : shenxela ecaleni time apa, turn aside
and stand here.
— Shenxisa, v. To remove a person or
thing out of the way; fig. to put out of
or depose from office : washenxiswa kule-
ndawo ebekuyo, he was put out of the
place he occupied.
um-Shenxisi, n. l. One who removes:
njengabashenxisi bomda, like men who
remove the boundary.
uku-Shenxisela, v. To remove a thing
for another, or into a certain place:
zundishenxisele lento endlwini, remove this
thing for me into the house.
i-Sheshegu, n. 2. A peculiar smell and
taste which milk has in time of rain: amasi
ancsheshcgu, the thick milk has a bad taste.
i-Sheyi, n. 2. Sham, deception, treachery,
fraud,
u-Shica, «. 5. Toughness, closeness, strength,
tenacity; as adj. tough: iq}ya ilushica, the
handkerchief is very tough, i.e. strong.
uku-Shicana, v. To he tough: iq'iya eslii-
cencyo, a strong, closely woven cloth or
fabric.
ukuti-Shici, v. i. To be gone, closed up,
forgotten : ilizwi lite-shici, the word sticks
in the throat; cf. tikuti-Shinyi.
ukuti-ShIci and uku-Shicila, v.t. To press.
uku-Shicilela, v. To press, make an
impression by pressing, hence, to press
home what a previous speaker has said,
to print; to iron (clothes) ; to oppress.
um-Shicileli, n. l. A printer.
isi-Shicilelo, «. 4. A printing press.
uku-Shikixa, v. i. To sweep or clean up
something on the floor.
Shimnci 1 interj. used by a mother when her
baby sneezes: shimnci iikule, sneeze and
grow big.
uku-Shinta, v. t. To put by, set on one side
(food, milk) for the purpose of pilfering;
to purloin, keep back part of a certain
thing: kunga-nina ukiiba ushinte kiilo ixabiso
lomhlaba ? why did you keep back part of
the price of the land?
u-5h{nto, n. 5. Purloining.
uku-Shintela, v. To pilfer, purloin for
another ; to give milk to a person when
it has just been milked, or before it is
poured into the milksack; to set food,
etc, slyly aside for another.
SH
ukuti-Shinyi, v. t. and /. To be closed, dense
to close or shut up : inqolowa ite-shinvi, the
corn is quite closed up, i.e. stands densely,
grows luxuriantly; intsimi ite-shinyi, the
garden is covered over with weeds; to
become hard, of what was soft before
(corn) ; fig. to hold fast with a firm grasp :
umte-shinyi, he held him fast.
uku-Shinyana, v. To be dense, thick,
dark : imiti eshinyeneyo, trees with dense
foliage; atnafu ashinyeneyo, dense, dark
clouds.
int-Shinyela, h. 3. Thickness, closeness,
density (of smoke, etc.).
ama-Shiqa, n. 2. pi. The sediment or dregs
of Kafir-beer.
i-Shishini, n. 2. Handicraft, handiwork,
trade ; a workshop.
uku-Shishinira and Shishinisha, v. i.
To work with the hands.
ukuti-Shixi and uku-Shixiza, v. t. To
shuffle the feet on the floor.
uku-Shiya, v. t. To leave behind; to allow
to remain ; to abandon, forsake : iimntwana
wandishiya, the child left me (by death) ;
lomfazi ushlyiwe yindoda yoke, this woman
has been forsaken by her husband ; ndashi-
ywa ngabo, I was left behind by them
(through my going more slowly) ; bebeyishi-
yile enye imali, they had left some of the
money (at some place); fig. iko indawo
oyishiyileyo, there is one point which you
have omitted to state. Phr. ushtyw'enkangala,
he is left aione •,uivashtyilepambili, he left the
others behind (referring to the best runner of
the abakweta) and reached the water first to
wash off the white clay, a very good omen
for the kraal to which he belongs.
isi-Shiywa, n. 4. A woman who is for-
saken by her husband.
uku-Shiyana, v. To leave, forsake,
abandon each other.
— Shiyanisana, v. To vie with each
other: bashiyanisana ngokubaleka, they
tried to out-run each other.
— Shiyeka, v. To be left: azi kiiza kti-
shiyeka wupina tigokti f who will remain
now?
— Shiyela, v. To leave for; to let remain
for another: ndishiyele igwada, leave
some snuff for me; to leave to; to
commit to the care of: watnshiyela um-
ntwana wake kum, he left his child to me;
to bequeath : ubawo wandishiyela inkomo
ezininzi, my father left me many cattle.
int-Shiyelane, «. 3. A remnant.
YY
uku-Shiyelela, v. To leave for.
— Shiyisa, v. To cause or make to remain
behind; to cause to forsake, desert; to
compel to leave.
— Shiyisela, v. To out-do another in
competition ; to win in racing or running:
wandishiyisela mjokumisa imali, he made
me leave off bidding by offering more
money; ujohn wamshiyisela u- James nga-
mendu, John outran James.
— Shiyiselana, v. To vie, compete with
each other ; to out-bid each other, (when
two suitors for a girl drive their cattle
into the kraal of the girl's father, and
out-bid each other by offering always
more and more cattle).
i Shiyi, n. 2. The eyebrow of the human
eye ; fig. tinntnasliiyi, he is proud, haughty.
int-Shiyi, n. 3. A wrinkle on the forehead.
int-Shiyongo, n. 3. One who looks with
half-opened eyes; a proud, angry person.
ukuti-Shlzalala, v. i. To be indifferent,
superficial.
uku-Shoba, v. t. To abuse, revile, curse.
i-Shoba, n. 2. Abuse, sham, pretext;
the resemblance, shadow or picture
of a thing, not the reality.
i-ShoIogu, n. 2. An accident or hurt, sup-
posed to be caused by the um-Shologu ; evil
dreams sent by the spirits; a bugbear, ob-
sessing and evil idea, haunting and evil
tradition: ishologu lolwaluko, the obsessing
and evil tradition of circumcision.
isi-Shologu, n. 4. Evil things and practices,
devilish arts,
um-ShoIogu, n. 6. The ghost of a deceased
person; the spirit from whom any evil
occurrence is supposed to originate ; night-
mare.
ubu-ShoIogu, n. 7. State or condition of
evil causes; evil spirits.
Shoqolo, adj. Very sour.
i-Shoxa, n. 2. Ashes ; fig. a small remnant
of people who have lost everything.
ukuti-Shoxe, v. t. To hollow out by burning.
Shu I ititerj. of pain; shu! how hot it is!
ukuti-Shu, V. t. To carry away a large num-
ber of things.
uku-Shuba, v. i. Of a calf, to suck out the
milk from the cow almost to the last drop:
amankonyana ashubile, the calves have suck-
ed all the milk. Em. = uku-Gqiha, to make
an end, to finish : ndishubile, I have finished.
— Shubela, v. To suck out the last drop
from.
— Shubisa, v. To~cause to suck out.
385
SH
isi-Shuba, //. 4. The apron worn by women
at the time of their seclusion; fig. a very
dirty, disgusting thing.
uku-Shubela, v. To cover with the isi-
S/mba.
uku-Shukutna, v. i. To move, stir, shake:
iimti iiyashuhima, the tree moves from side
to side, is not fixed but loose; fig. inkomo
isashukuma ayikafi, the cow still moves, is
not yet dead.
int-5hukumo, w. 3. Movement, a shaking,
an earthquake.
uku-Shukumela, v. To move towards.
— Shukumisa, v. pass, shukimyisiva. To
SH
isi-Shunqana, n. 4. A short thing or
person.
ukuti-Shunqu and uku-Shunquka, v. i. To
be broken off short or suddenly.
uku Shunqula,!'./. To break off short any-
thing one holds or keeps in the hands.
isi-5huqu and isi-ShuquIu, «. 4. A big
bundle.
uku-Shuqungana, v. To beat one another.
Shush I inierj. =Shu! It is very hot !
Shushu, adj. Hot: amaiizi ashushu, hot wa-
ter ; euph. drunk.
ngokushushu, adv. Hotly.
ubu-Shushu, n. 7. Heat.
move about, shake ; to cause anything to lukuti-Shwa, u ?. To be angry: nbuso bak^
move: umt\ uyashnkunyiswa ngumoya, the
tree is shaken by the wind ; fig. mshuku-
mise oleleyo, shake up the sleeper.
— Shukumisana, v. To move or shake
each other.
isi-Shumane, n. 4. An old maid ; a man who
has no sweetheart.
uku-Shumayela, v. t. To proclaim, publish,
declare, report, give or narrate the news,
deliver a set speech; to preach, evangelise:
uyalishiimayela ilizwi lika-Tixo, he preaches
the word of God.
n.l. Evangelist, preacher,
f. 3. A good speaker, fine
um-Shumayeli,
int-Shumayeli, )
speaker.
int-Shumayelo, »
speech, sermon.
uku-Shumayeza,
3. Declaration, address.
To cause to hear; to
make others acquainted with the news or
Gospel ; to preach, etc., to others : abatitu
hayashunyayezwa ilizwi lika-Tixo, the word
of God was preached to the people.
int-Shumayezo, n. 3. A proclamation.
uku-Shumayezana, v. To preach to one
another.
i-Shumi, n. 2. Ten, as an abstract number:
amnshumi amabiiii, twenty; amashiani asi-
bozo, eighty; amadoda alishmni, ten men.
The tenth : tunnyaka iveshumi, the tenth year.
isi-Shumi, w. 4. A tenth part, a tithe.
uku-Shumpula, v. t. To twitch or pinch the
flesh of another.
ukuti-Shunqe, v. i. To break off, as a
wasp's sting in one's flesh.
isi-Shunqe, //. 4. The piece which has
been cut off in blunting a point : isi-shu-
nqe sommvc, the finger-joint which has
been cut off, (It is a custom of the Te-
mbu tribe to cut off the first joint of the
little finger of girls).
3S6
bute-shiva, he looked angry.
ili-Shwa, contrac. i-Shwa, n. 2. Misfortune,
mishap, disaster, calamity, loss, damage:
ilishwa likashwakazi, the greatest misfor-
tune. Phr. ishiva lomhluzi wamanqina, lit.
misfortune of soup made of shanks and
feet, (which is lightly esteemed) ; i.e. a per-
son who never does well, but always gets
into scrapes; or it's bad luck.
ubu-5hwa, n. 7. Goud-bloem, Venidium
arctotoides Less., a medicinal plant with
yellow flowers, used for wounds and sores.
uku-Shwabakatela, v. i. To eat up at once,
in one mouthful.
uku-Shwabana, v. i. To dry up; to wrinkle,
shrink together into folds, wither, pucker
up (applied to things which were in a fresh
or wet state) : isikumba sishwabene, the skin
has shrank ; to grow together (wounds and
limbs) ; to contract, have cramps, when the
limbs get benumbed; to become palsied.
— Shwabanisa, v. pass, shwatyaniswa. To
cause to wrinkle or dry up like a dry leaf;
to cause (cloth) to shrink, or birds' fea-
thers to cleave together.
int Shwabaniso, n. 3. A withering up;
that which has shrunk up from being
withered; a withered limb.
uku-ShwabuIa, v. t. pass, shivatynlwa. To
curse, execrate, revile; to wish that some-
body or some thing may get into danger
or trouble. (It is done by women when
angry in a nude state).
int-ShwabuIi, «. 3. One who imprecates,
curses.
isi-ShwabuIo, n. 4. A curse, imprecation.
uku-ShwabuIela, v. To bind oneself or
another by a curse: lonwhvana W'lshwa-
tytdelwa nguyise ukuze angabi yonio, this
child was cursed by its father, so that it
might be useless.
SH
int-ShwabuIelo, n. 3. A curse,
uku-Shwabu!lsa, v. To make or cause
one to curse, etc.
isi-Shwabuliso, n. 4. A. curse, etc., caused
by another person.
ukuti-Shwaca, v. i. To be sullen; to keep
silence when spoken to.
u-Shwaca, n. 5. Insolence, defiance,
refractoriness.
uku-Shwaceka, v. To be sad, heavy,
sorry, doleful.
ukuti-Shwaka, v. i. To disappear suddenly;
hate-shwaka, they suddenly disppeared, were
lost; they are gone, done for; into yam
yatt-shwaka, my thing got lost.
uku-Shwama, v. t. (a) To celebrate the
eating of the first-fruit of the year at the
chief's kraal at the time appointed by the
chief of the tribe.
This is a national custom. Formerly no
individual dare eat of the first-fruit of his
garden before this festivity had taken place.
To it the people brought their first-fruits
of maize, etc. A bull was killed by sheer
bodily force, without the use of any
weapon, and its gall was drunk. The
meat was not touched by the men, but
given to the boys or burned by fire, and a
calabash was crushed beneath the feet of
the chief: inkunzi yokushwania, the bull for
opening the festivity; iselwa lokusJnvama,
the calabash for opening the festivity;
inkosi ishwamile, the chief has proclaimed
the eating of the new fruit of the year.
(b) Of a doctor, to open or proclaim the
commencement of a feast by his eating
first a roasted piece of meat.
(c) Of a lying-in woman, to eat the first
piece of meat; or of a newly-married
couple, to eat the first piece of meat
together.
V. i. To begin to see results.
uku-Shwamela, (Tembu), = uhi-Shumayela,
to proclaim.
uku-Shwampalaza and Shwampiliza, v. i.
To speak incorrectly.
ama-Shwamshwam, n. 2. pi. Useless things.
i-Shwangusha, m. 2. A very great misfor-
tune or calamity; cf. ili-Shwa.
uku-Shwankatela, v. t. To grab at every-
thing ; to gather or take together in one ; to
comprehend, comprise in one.
ukuti-Shwaqe and Shwaqeshwaqe, v. i. Of
a wagon pole, etc., to be broken clean off:
atige angemha amadoda, shwaqe ulugxa, as
soon as they began digging, snap went the
stick.
SH
uku-Shwaqa, v. t. To break : uyahashwa-
qa ahazinyati eugagocagocanga, he breaketh
in pieces mighty men without inquisition.
um-Shwaqi, n. I. One who talks inco-
herently, talks for talkmg's sake ; = »/«-
Loqi.
isi-Shwayimbana, n. 4. A desolate person,
usually a woman, who sits brooding and
grieving over difficulties; one in a state of
dejection or alarm: umzi seV usiike wazi-
shwayimbana ngeiito engaziwayo engene lom-
ntti, the whole village became quite alarmed
owing to the strange behaviour of that
person ; grievance ; that which is very poor,
miserable, full of wrinkles.
uku-Shwekela, v. i. Em. Of the sky, to
get dark, cloudy, overcast.
uku-Shwenca, v. i. To fade. = uku-Tshwenca.
ukuti-Shwenye, v. i. Of leaves, to wither
and fall ; cf. iiku-Ntshwenya.
int-Shwenya, «. 3. A withered, dried up
thing; old, fiabby meat.
uku-Shweshwa (Em. Shwesha,) v. t. To
marry without u-Duli, i.e. to take a concu-
bine.
i-Shweshwe, n. 2. A concubine (one who
lives with a man, enjoying all the privi-
leges of a wife, but whose children are
illegitimate).
u-Shwesho, n. $• Marrying without
u-Duli.
ubu-Shweshwe, «. 7. Concubinage.
Si, (a) pron. siibj. of I p. pi.: siyakwela, we
are riding; and of 4 cl. sing: isitya s'tzele,
the vessel is full.
(b) pron. obj. of the same classes : bayasl-
fiina, they look for us; silumeke isibane,
light the candle.
(c) Copula and cause of the same classes :
sltt, it is we; oku hvenziwe sitt, this was
done by us; s\so, it is it (isitya, vessel) ;
sapiilwa sisicaka, it was broken by the
servant.
(d) Si is inserted before stems of mono-
syllabic verbs in the Pres. Participle and
its compounds: ndisiza, I coming.
Si ! inierj. of surprise, or of feigned and
sarcastic admiration.
ama-Si, n. 2. pi. Fermented milk, as used for
food by the natives. It is kept in a
calabash into which the successive milkings
from the cow are poured direct ; after each
addition of fresh milk the calabash is well-
shaken and then put aside to allow fermen-
tation to go on. When the amasi is served
out as food, care is taken to leave sufficient
387
SI
in the calabash to ferment the next supply
of fresh milk. Fig. amasi omhlontlo, brandy.
ama-S'etdle, Red milkwood, Mimusops
obovata Sond.
isi-Si, n. 4. Great smoke, vapour, steam
from a smoking pipe or fire.
ulu-Si, contrac. u-Si, «. 5. Vapour, steam.
adj. Light brown (not yellow or black).
um-Si, n. 6. Smoke of fire.
ubu-SJ,?i. 7. Honey: lento iluhusi, this thing
is sweet as honey.
u-Siba, n. 5. Plur. inisiba. A quill feather,
out of the wing or tail of a bird, as opposed
to a downy feather, which is uh-Oya; a
prominent tuft of hair on the forehead; fig.
a pen. Phr. simile inLsiba, lit. the quills
have grown with us, i.e. it goes well with
us again, we are reviving (after hunger, sick-
ness, sorrow); ukubeka nsibn = uku-Hlolela;
usiba Iwempofu, hydrocephalus.
u-SlBALI, «. I. Brother-in-law; also a term of
address between young men, fr. Du. zwager.
u-Sibanisibani, u-5ibaningeshe, u-Siba-
nizeshe, n. i. Mr So-and-so.
Sibe, (lux.oi compound tenses, (a) i p. pi.:
sibe sitandaza, (contrac. besitandaza) we
were praying, (b) 4 cl. sing.: isitya (si-Jbesi-
vgafuiiyanwanga, the vessel had not been
found ; see uku-Ba 1 2 (a).
um-Slbe, n. 6. A kind of tree.
uku-Sibeka, v. t. To turn down a thing on
its face; to prostrate; uhizisibcka, to fall
prostrate.
— Sibekeka, v. To be turned down ; fig.:
kunga-iiina tiktiba usibekeke, mpefumlo warn!
why art thou cast down, my soul?
— Sibekekisa, v. To cause bowing down.
— Sibekela, r. To put or turn down a
cover on a thing : sibekela imbiza, put the
lid on the pot ; fig. to close the eyes or
press them together; to become overcast:
izulu listbekele, the sky is overcast, cloudy;
to eclipse; fig. to conceal or hide
words.
— 5ibekelisa, v. To cause the sky to be
overcast : ulosibekelisa izulu ngamafu, who
covereth the heaven with clouds.
uku-Sicelela, Em. = uku-Shicelela.
Sida! interj. fr. the Du. zie daar!
um Sidlane, n. 6. A kind of acacia.
isi-SihIa, n. 4. A blemish, scar, mole; dirt
sticking round the mouth of suckling
children; fig. a moral blemish.
ukuti-Sthli, V. i. To bepitchdark: kumttya-
ma sihli, it is pitchdark.
388
SI
int-Sihlo, «. 3. (a) That which comes and
goes unnoticed, unregarded, (b) The
caper-bush, Capparis citrifolia Lam.,
used as a medicine for gall sickness; used
also by witchdoctors as an emetic, when
a person is supposed to be bewitched,
and as a charm in war to render a person
invisible or to enable him to escape
detection ; thrust into the thatch over the
door of the hut, it is supposed to ward off
lightning.
u-SihIongonya, «. i. A poor person.
uku-Sika, v. t. To cat with a sharp instru-
ment; to cut off; to attack brutally,
violently, after premeditation, causing the
death of the innocent; to kill; fig. to cut
one out; to supplant, out-do one. Phr.
iikusika inja, orig. to hang up a dog in a
tree to die there, i.e. to kill it; ukusik'itnpu-
ttdu, to backbite ; see also in-Kuku.
Used as aux.; always: kusika kukokelele
ingozi, it always leads to accidents.
um-Siki, «. I. One who cuts or kills; a
murderer; fig. a tailor.
i-Siko, n. 2. (a) Lit. a cut ; fig. fashion,
habit, manner, custom: vgokwesiko and
okuscsikweni, according to the recognised
order of fitness, according to correct
procedure, (b) A bad custom, allied to
u-Pundlo, which was modified by the
chief Sandile and called isiko; applied
also to circumcision.
i-Sikwa, n. 2. — i-Siko: isikwa-silima, some-
thing wrong; bad conduct which causes
complaints.
int-Sika, n. 3. A pole supporting the
roof in a native hut ; an upright post,
pillar.
int-Sika-mbilini, n. 3. Heart-rending,
compassion.
u-Siko, 7t. 5. (lit. the cutting.) The harvest.
ubu-Sika, «. 7. The time for cutting
Kafir-corn; winter ; loc. ebusika,\nvi'mier ;
kusebusihi, it is now winter.
uku-Sikana, v. To kill one another.
— Sikeka, v. To admit of cutting, to be
cut; to have the quality of cutting, of
being sharp: isitshetshe astsikeki, the knife
does not cut, is not sharp ; fig. basikeka
entliziyweni, they were cut to their heart.
— Sikela, v. To cut for another: ndisikele
inch, cut grass for me ; to apportion ; fig.
bamsikela pandle, they excommunicated
him. Phr. uyazisikcla enqateni, he was
apathetic, etc.
SI
— Sikeleka, v. i. To be blessed, for-
tunate ; = ukn-Sikeleleka.
— Sikelela, v. To cut into; to notch,
indent for one ; to cut off (meat) for one ;
hence, to confer favours ; to bless.
int-5ikelelo, n. 3. Lit. something cut for
one ; a blessing.
uku-Sikeleleka, v. To be blessed.
— Sikisa, v. To cause to cut or wound.
uku-SikihIa, v. t. To rub away (soap on
clothes), = uhi-Hlikihla.
int-SikihIa, n. 3. That which remains;
the residue, very little.
u-Sikiki, n. 5. Salvia scabra T/nin., given as
medicine to a child in the early stage of
its existence every time it sucks, until the
child is considered strong.
i-Sikisiki, n. 2. used as adj. Much.
u-Sikisiki, ti. 5. used as adj. Just formed:
amazitnba aliisikisiki, the Kafir-corn has
just formed.
i-Sikizi, n. 2. A vile thing; abomination;
that which excites disgust and abhorrence.
int-Sikizi, n. 3. (I) The ground hornbill,
usually called the wild turkey, Bucorvus
cafer (Schl.). This is a sacred bird and
must not be killed; in olden days, anyone
who killed an inisikizi accidentally was
obliged to atone for his crime by the
sacrifice of a calf or young ox. Should
one come near a kraal or settle on a hut,
it is regarded as a messenger from the
spirits or from the magqzvira, foretelling
death.
In seasons of drought, an intsikizi is
caught and tied alive in the river, in the
belief that the river will seek relief from
such an abomination by coming down in
flood and sweeping the intsikizi away.
The booming begins before sunrise and
is interpreted as a conversation between a
pair of birds. The male asks ipi impi?
(where is the enemy .' ) and the female
replies nantsiya (here he is) or nants' es' apa
(just over the hill). Or he asks up' umhla-
kulo? (where is the hoe ?) and she replies
usekoyeni (it's in the maize-crib). Or she
says ndiyemka, ndiyemka, ndiya koivetu, (I'm
going away back to my father's place)
and he replies hamha ke, kad' usitsho, (off
you go then, you've talked about it long
enough).
The word is applied jokingly or offen-
sively to a person with a shining black
face : akamnyama ngako, yintsikizi, he's not
black, he's an intsikizi, i.e. he is as black as
coal. (2) A bug.
Si
ubu-Sikizi, n. 7. Abomination.
u-Sikuluma, n. I. A dumb person.
i-Sila, n. 2. Appendage of blue-buck skin
on a woman's cap; lappet, sash.
int-Sila, n. 3. Dirt or filth, as on an un-
washed human body; pipe-oil.
isi-Sila, n. 4. The tail of a bird or domestic
fowl. Phr. iikubamba isisila sehobe, lit. to
grasp the tail of a dove, i.e. to be dis-
appointed ; not to have one's hopes fulfilled ;
isisila senkuku sibonwa nihla liqutayo, lit.
the tail of a hen is seen on the day when it
blows, i.e. a secret is discovered when
there is a hot discussion.
isi-Sila senkuku, n. 4. lit. the hen's tail.
A way of doing up and wearing the qiya.
isi-Sila, n. 4. (I) Misfortune, unhappiness,
ill-luck. adj. Unpropitious, unfortunate:
lomfana unesisila, this young man is
unfortunate. (Said of a young man fresh
from i-Sutu, and yet rejected by the women)
(2) = int-Sila.
um-Sila, «. 6. The tail of an animal ; umsila
tnde, the long, fat tail of the African sheep ;
fig. the messenger of a chief or a court of
justice sent on official business ; a sheriff's
officer armed with authority to seize goods
and chattels. (He carried as an emblem
of authority a stick or rod, to which the
white tail of an ox or the tail of a leopard
was attached, and fixed the stick in the
middle of the cattle kraal or at the door
of the hut, indicating thereby to the owner,
that confiscation of cattle or destruction of
some kind would take place. Sometimes
the messenger wore the tail tied near the
knee of his right leg, or two tails, one on
each leg.) Phr. andifimi umsila, I don't
want a tail, i.e. I don't want anyone to
follow me.
uku-Slla, V. t. To grind corn, etc., fine on
a stone in Kafir fashion, or in a mill ; fig.
to smooth (a garment) or rub off any
surface or coarse appearance.
um-Sili, n. I. A grinder of corn; a miller.
uku-Sileka, v. To be easily ground:
lenqolowa ayisileki, this wheat will not
grind well; tungubo usilekile, the meal
has become fine.
— 5ilela, v. To grind for another: wr?;;/-
silda utnbona, he ground for him; fig. to
put one off with fair words. Phr. tisile-
hve isidudu semfe, lit. sugar-cane porridge
was ground for him, i.e. he is disgusted,
tired of something.
i-SlLAR'A, n. 3. A slaughter-house, fr. Du.
slag.
389
51
um-Silasila, n. I. A person who timidly
keeps aloof from the company of others.
uku-Sileka, v. t. To rub cow-dung on the
teats of a cow for the purpose of weaning
the calf from the milk : sileka inkomo tigolm-
longo, smear the udder with cow-dung; fig.
not to allow one to speak.
uku-Silela, v. i. To be cut or put off, i.e.
to fail to get ; to lack; to be behind: andi-
silele vganto, I am not a whit behind ; to be
overlooked, omitted, neglected; to get
short of: basilcla ekutyetii or kiilento, they
failed to get food or that thing; abantwana
babo babesileln ehtfuudisweni, their children
were neglected in being taught; to be
backward in a task; to be incomplete; to
be wanting in something.
int-Silelo, n. 3. Failing to get; having
the worse; being short of ; overlooking,
negligence.
uku-Silelela, v. To overlook: basihielwa
ngemali, they were overlooked, neglected
in reference to money, i.e. payment;
ahisilelelwa koku, when he did not succeed
in this.
— Silelisa, v. To cause one not to get
something; to omit, neglect, slight:
basilelisa ukuhamba, they remained behind.
i-Siliya, n. 3. Kafir-corn and beans boiled
together ; = u-Qumatana.
u-Silwangangubo, n. l. The eared vul-
ture, Otogyps auricularis (Daud).
int-Simango, n. 3. The Simango monkey,
Cercopithecus labiatus, Is, Geoff.
i-Simba, «. 2. [irom uhiMba) A clod or
cake which can be grasped with the hand;
a handful : isimba lobiilongo, a cake of cow-
dung; isiinba lesonka, a cake of bread.
i-Slmbanongwe, n. 2. A plant used as an
emetic.
Confusion.
To rub soap on, fr, Du.
um-Simbdti, n. 6.
uku-SlMELA, V. i
smeren.
— SiMELEKA, Z
Of soap, to lather : isepa
ayisimeleki, the soap does not lather.
uku-Simelela, v. i. To support oneself
with or to lean upon a stick in walking.
um-Simelelo, n. 6. A long stick to lean
upon for support in walking; a staff.
int-Simi, w. 3. pi. ama-Simi. Cultivated land,
a field, garden. Dim. intsinyana.
isi-Simi, n. 4. Many gardens or fields lying
together in one place.
uku-Sina, v. i. Em. To dance. The parties
form a semicircle, standing in one or more
I'ows and making movements by drawing
390
Si
the body up and down and stamping
with the feet on the ground, and keep time
by singing during the performance.
um-Sino, ?/. 6. Em. Dance.
i-SlNALA, n. 3. An educational boarding
institution, fr. Eng. seminary.
i-SlNALA, n. 2. A pupil of such institution.
ukuti-Sinalala, v. i. To be disappointed,
obstructed, hindered, puzzled: ndite-sinalala,
I did not know what to do.
uku-Sinaialisa, v. To bend down ; to
bring the full weight of a heavy stick
to bear on anything, so as to cause it
to bend to the ground or lie flat on
the ground; to obstruct, puzzle.
isi-5inana, n. 4. Dimin. of isi-Sini. That
which is toothless.
u-Sinagogo, w. l. and i-Sinagogo, n. 2.
The Black-collared Barbet, Lybius tor-
quatus (Dumont), so called from its song,
which is rendered at Lovedale as 'Tomato
rope'.
uku-SInda, I. v. t. To smear the floor by
hand with cow-dung : sinda indlu, smear
the clay floor with fresh cow-dung.
This is the native mode of cleaning the hut-
floor. A woman, kneeling on the floor,
stretches out her hands to reach the mass
of dung sprinkled with water, and, in
smearing, brings it continually nearer to
her. Phr. kusindkve, it's pitch dark.
uku-Sinda, II., v. t. To be beyond the (physical
and moral) strength, or ability of a person;
hence, to foil, master, overcome ; lomtwalo
uyandishida, this, burden masters me, is be-
yond my strength, too heavy or difficult
for me.
i-Sinde, n. 2. A load or burden of Kafir-
corn, as much as one can carry on the
head; fig. pi. excrement.
isi-Sinde, «. 4. (a) A pole, stake, side-post,
(lit. that which reaches beyond the usual
extent), (b) A piece of turf; a sod.
um-Sindo, n. 6. Anger, wrath arising from
unusual excitement of the passions, and
breaking out in scolding ; dimin. uinsi-
ftJwann, a little wrath.
uku-Sindana, v. Not to agree; uhisinda-
na kokuhamba, heavy, difficult, hard
walking ; fig. to be low-spirited, melan-
choly, sad, sorrowful.
— Sindariisa, v. To burden, trouble,
aggrieve.
— Sindeka and Sindasindeka, v. To be
overwhelmed ; to feel oppressed under a
load; to be near death: iisindekile, he is
SI
lying down, he is powerless through
sickness, etc. «. 8. Burden, calamity.
uku-Sinda, III. v. i. To escape narrowly
from accident or peril : lendawo indisindile,
this matter has escaped me; usindile !
you have had a narrow escape! usindile
etufeni, you have narrowly escaped death,
i.e. you are safe.
— Sindela, v. To escape for: abantti nba-
sindelwa zinkomo, people whose cattle
escaped, i.e. were saved (from sickness),
— Sindisa, v. To cause to escape; to
place beyond the reach of danger; to
save, deliver, rescue from evil, danger
or peril : wasisindisa ekufeni, he delivered
us from death.
um-S5ndisi, «. I. Saviour, deliverer, res-
cuer.
u-Sindiso, n. 5. Salvation, deliverance.
uku-Sindisana, v. To save one another,
i.e. of two tribes, to be on friendly
terms.
— 5indisela, v. To cause to escape to:
sasindiselwa etemheni, we were saved by
hope.
um-Sindleko, n. 6. Food which a woman
prepares and keeps for her absent or tra-
velling husband.
uku-Sineka, v. i. from isi-Sini. To grin, show
the gums in laughing.
— Sinekela, v. To grin at one.
Singa, I. V. pref. of Potent, mood, (a) I p. pi.
s\nga.hamba, we may walk, (b) 4 cl. sing.:
isonka singadliwa, the bread may be eaten.
2. aux. of Condit. mood, see Singe.
3. pres. tense of uku-Nga (a) and (b).
4. neg. verb. pref. (a) in dependent, relative
and conditional sentences : masilumke ukuze
singalahleki, let us take care that we do
not get lost ; sigcine isitya ukuze sXn^aqekeki,
take care of the vessel that it may not
break; iiteta into cslngayAziyo, you speak of
a thing which we do not know ; singa-( singe-)
or ngcsm^arori, we should not murmur;
isibane ngesingacinywa, the candle should
not be extinguished.
(b) Before ka, ko and na, singahecomes singe:
ndafika singekalungiswa isitebe, I arrived
before the table was spread ; nditeta isifo
esingenaknpUisii'a, I speak of a sickness
which cannot be healed; funa isitshctshe
esingQkdyo, look for the missing knife.
uku-Singa, v. i. To look steadily and fixedly
in one direction, at one point : ndazisinga
inyosi apb ziya kbna, I looked after the bees,
or followed the bees by looking steadily at
SI
them, i.e. I watched whither they went ;
hence, to proceed to a certain place : usinga
pt f whither are you bound ? ndisinga e-Xesi,
I am going towards the Keiskama river ;
of bees, to swarm ; fig. to fix or turn the
mind particularly to one object.
isi-Singa, n. 4. The loop or noose of a
small thong, with which one leg of young
calves or goats is fastened ; a trap, snare.
u-Singa, w. 5. Native thread made from
nmstindulo, the tendons found on the
underside of an ox's shoulder-blade. It is
used for sewing karosses with ; hence,
thread in general.
u-Singa Iwamaxegokazi, n. 5. Lit. the
thread of the old women ; the name given
to a handsome flowering shrub, Greyia
flanagani Bolus.
u-Singa, n. 5. Wildness: iinazi inosinga, the
cow stares or runs wildly about.
u-Singa, n. 5. The grey cuckoo-shrike,
Coracina caesia (Licht.).
um-Singa, n. 6. A current, stream of water;
a swarm of bees ; untsingakazi, a very
powerful current.
uku-Singasinga, v. To gaze about in all
directions ; to observe things attentively ;
to be on the alert.
— Singasingisa, v. To follow a swarm of
bees by continually looking after them, =
Singa.
— Singela, v. Used only in the form ukusi-
vgela pantsi, to curse, ban, devote:
yonke into esitigelwe pantsi, or esingelwe
kuye, yingcwele, every devoted (banned)
thing, or every thing devoted to him is
holy.
isi-Singelo-pantsi, n. 4. A curse, ban.
uku-Singisa, v. To direct (one's attention)
towards a certain place ; to go towards:
xa besisingjse entabeni, when we turned
towards the mountain. Em. bamsingisa
pantsi, they banned him.
— Singiseia, v. To direct one, draw one or
one's attention to a certain object: isono
samsingisela ezantsi, sin drew him down,
degraded him.
Ngokusingisele, in reference to, about,
concerning, as regards: ngokusingisele
kioelakwa-Xosa, concerning Kafirland.
int-Singlselo, n. 3. Aim, purpose, drift.
i-Singata, n. 2. A soldier.
uku-Singata, v. t. perf. singete. To take or
carry (a child) in the arms; to take into
one's arms a child sitting on one's lap : um-
niwana usingatwa ngunina, the child is folded
in its mother's arms.
SI
— Singatisa, v. To cause, assist, help to
take or put a child in the arms; to place it
in the arms of another : umiitwana iiyazi-
singat'tsa kunitui, the child clings to its
mother.
Singe, I. ncg. verb. pref. of Potent, mood,
contrac. from asinge. (a) I p. pi. : singe-
teli, we may not speak, (b) 4 cl. sing.: isonka
singedliwa, the bread may not be eaten.
2. (iiix. of Condit. mood (a) s\nge-(singa-J
or ngesisiva, we would listen,
(b) singe-(siiiga) or ngesidlhva hoiika,
the bread would be eaten.
uku-Singila, r. t. To gather weeds and
throw them away; fig. to collect with diffi-
culty; to get by begging.
um-Singizane, «. 6. A kind of grass of
which boys make straw hats.
um-Singomzane, tt. 6. Toddalia natalensis
Sond.
Si-ni? si-ni-na? kusi-ni? interrogative.
Which of two alternatives: wapiima pina,
ezuhvini, ebantwiiii, si-ni-na f whence came
he, from heaven or from men.? uyavuma,
akuvutni, kusi-ni-na ? do you consent or do
you refuse ? which of the two ?
ama-Sini, //. 2. pi. The gums.
int-Sini-menyo, w. 3. Dissembled laughter.
isi-Sini, n. 4. An opening between the
front teeth ; see isi-Sinana.
u-Sini, H. 5. The gum, usually in plur.
intsini, the gums of the mouth; fig. a
grinning by which the gums are exposed ;
laughter: akanalusini, he does not smile;
wafa yintsini, he split his sides with
laughing; uyasibtilala ngentstni, he sends
us into fits of laughter; lento yentsini, that
which is derided, the object of laughter;
bamwa tigentsini, they derided him.
ukutl-Sinini, v. i. To show the teeth:
amazinyo ake ale-sinini, his teeth are pro-
minent.
Sinika ! inter j. Tell us what you have seen !
(said by the inipi to the sentinels or guards).
Sinje! interj. Of threatening. Woe! Sinje
usenjenje-nje ! Woe that you have done so!
um-Sino, A dance, see uku-Sina.
uku-Sintinza, v. t. To belabour with the
butt end of a gun.
um Sintsi, n. 6. The Kafir-tree, Erythrina
caffra Thunb.; its flowering serves as one
of the signals for sowing Kafir-corn and
maize. The red seeds are worn as beads
round the neck.
Eyomsintsi, the month of September.
392
SI
um-Sintsana, n. 6. The dwarf Kafir tree,
E. humeana Spreng., used as medicine
for scrofula.
um-Sintsila, n. 6. The coccyx of men.
uku-Sinya, v. i. To wear off or away, as
the teeth from old age : amenyo asinyile, the
teeth are worn off; to become blunt: isi-
tshetshe sisinyile, the knife is blunt ; to wane,
diminish, lessen.
— Sinyeka, t;. To be wearing away; to
be worn away or out of use by old age;
fig. to die.
— Sinyisa, v. To make short, blunt, etc.,
by filing or rubbing, as the teeth of a saw.
int Sinyana, dimin. of int-Simi.
urn Sipa, n. 6. A sinew, tendon, ligament,
nerve.
um-Sipane, n. 6. Cluytia pulchella Mull.
uku-Sipula, v. i. To run away all at once;
to pull up a plant by the roots.
u-Sirobana and u-Sirotyana, n. l. The hole
in the pelvic bone for the articulation of
the femur.
Siso, Copula and Pron. Cause, 4 cl. sing. It is
it, or by it; see si (c) and so I (b).
u-Siso, Night revelry; see uku-Sa I.
uku-Sita, V. t. To bring the milch-cow, milk-
sack, and corn for food, together with
horses for riding and sport, to the marriage
feast; hence, to feast: kwasitwa ngotywala,
they feasted on beer.
um-Sitd, H. 6. A festival; a meeting for
pleasure, dancing and sport of several
days' continuance, as a wedding festival,
or exhibition.
uku-Sita, V. t. and i. To shade, hide, shelter,
screen from view; to intercept the vision:
indlu iyandisita, the house intercepts my
view; uyandisita, you stand in my light;
hence, to cover, protect, screen from cold,
etc. : inguho yam isiiile, lit. my garment
screens from cold, i.e. is warm, comfortable;
itidlu isiiile, the house is sheltered, i.e.
warmly situated; izulu lisitwa ngamafu, the
sky is covered, dark with clouds; fig. to
be hid from : ilizwi lake lindisitilc, his word
darkened my mind, i.e. it was hid from me,
I did not understand it.
i-Site, n. 2. Covert, secret place, hiding
place; a secret.
int-Sitd, n. 3. Protection; warmth.
uku-Sitakala, X'. To be very obscure; to
be entirely screened; to be lost to view:
ilanga lisitakele, the sun is covered, i.e. is
very obscure.
int-Sitakalo, n. 3. That which is hidden,
secret^
SI
uku-Sitdka, v. To be in the shade, inter-
cepted by something; to be obscure,
sheltered, covered, hidden (by clouds or
smoke) : iiikomo ibisitekile ktilendaxvo, the
cow was hidden in that place, did not
appear to me; fig. lendawo isitekile kum,
this point is obscure to me, I cannot
properly comprehend it.
— Sitela, V. To hide away purposely from
one or in a certain place: ndakusitela,
when I got out of sight; intaka isitele
enceni, the bird has hidden away in the
grass; indlu isitelwe yinduli, the house is
hidden by the hill; uyandisitela, you are
in my way, you hinder me ; knsitele kukufa
ti-Nantsi, So-and-so has been hidden by
death, i.e. has died; fig. ilizwi lako lindi-
sitele, your word is hidden from me, I
cannot understand it.
int-Sitelo, n. 3. A secret.
uku-Sitdlana, v. To be out of each other's
sight.
— Sitelisa, v. To cover, hide, shelter; to
protect from.
isi-5iteliso, n. 4. A screen.
uku-Sitelisela, v. To hide from : uhusite-
lisela-nina iibiiso bakof. wherefore hidest
thou thy face ?
— Sitisa, V. To cover over and impart
heat to a needy child by placing it in
one's bosom.
uku-Sitanisa and Sitanisela, v. t. To per-
vert words, cheat, impose upon, to defraud
of wages; cf. uku Qatanisela and uku-
Satanisa.
Sitl, pron. Copula and Cause I p. pi. It is we,
or by us: ihashe lifmiyemve sitl, the horse
was found by us; see Si (c) and Tt.
um-Sitshana, n. 6. Smal-blad, Maba nata-
lensis Harv.
u-Sitwayi, «. 5. Mange (medical term). A
kind of sickness among cattle, by which
they get covered with scurf and with lice
and ticks and lose their hair. The name
is also applied to the year 1885 when, in a
very severe winter, mange became very
prevalent.
u-Siyazi, n. l. from ukw-Azi. One who
knows; -?-G<?/ra.
uku-SIZA, v.t. To feel a keen- sympathy with,
and a yearning to help, assist, succour, aid
a person in destitute or sorrowful circum-
stances; to save, rescue from an attack,
take in an attacked person; to refresh,
comfort. Phr. omasiza tubulala, people who
help and afterwards turn and kill (rob) you,
ZZ 393
51
i.e. who protect with one hand and kill
with the other; said of the Colonial forces
under Lord C. Somerset, who in 1818
during the war of Tiitiila assisted the Gaikas
against the combined forces of Ndlambe
and the Gcaleka chiefs, but took the cap-
tured cattle as compensation for their own
trouble and loss of life.
int-Siza, n. 3. Help, assistance, salvation:
lento ineutsiza, this thing is beneficial,
wholesome, salutary.
u-Siza, n. 5. That which is salutary, be-
neficial, helpful: lento ilusiza, this thing
helps; benevolence.
u-Sizana, «. 5- pl- intsizana. An object
of pity; a poor, miserable, indigent
person : ndilasizana, I am in a miserable,
wretched, pitiable condition; intsizantsi-
zana, the most miserable, afflicted per-
sons.
u-SizI, n. 5. Sympathetic sorrow, sympa-
thy, grief, compassion; the yearning of
the heart to help : ndibetua lusizi ndakubona
isifo sako, or ngenxa yako, I feel sorry when
I behold your affliction, or on your
account, I sympathize with you ; pi. intsizi,
affliction, suffering, pain, grief; imentsizi,
he feels pain in his heart.
u-Sizo, «. 5. pi. intsizo. Help, assistance,
succour, remedy.
int-Sizvk'a, n. 3. The young soldiers of the
Pondos who have not yet obtained wives,
but must be helped to get them.
uku-Sizakala, v. To receive help; to be
well helped, assisted, etc.: basizakala
ngamazwi ake, they received help from
his words.
— Sizeka, v. To be getting assistance;
to be assisted, cured, refreshed.
— Sizela, v. To pity, have compassion on;
to help.
um-Sizi, n. 6. The black crust on the outside
of a pot ; any black substance got by burning
and pounding, whether in powder or liquid
form, as ink, gunpowder, etc.
uku-Sizila, v. t. from the old causative of
uku-Sila. To rub corn and other grain from
the ear with a stone; to crush or pound
rushes, or a shield (to make it strong) with
a stone or piece of wood ; to rub against,
as a wheel against a stone; to iron linen,
etc. Em. To tread under the feet and crush
a worm, snail ; to rub off with the feet, as
the rust on needles.
isi-Sizilo, w. 4. A harrow.
SI
um-Sizllo, «. 6. That which is rubbed out
or crushed by moving a stone, etc., over
it; the track or mark left by a wagon
wheel on the ground.
So, I. poss. proti. 4 cl. sing. Its: isiciko saso
(isitya), its (the vessel's) lid; ahantu baso
(isizwe), its (the tribe's) people, and so on
through all classes; emphatic: esaso isiciko,
its own lid; abaso abantii, its own people.
It is used (a) with prep. : yik' amanzi ngaso,
draw water with it (the vessel); ndinaso
(isotio), I am with, i.e. I have, sin; kubeke
ukutya pezu kwaso (isitebe), put th^ food on
it (the eating-mat).
(b) With the Copula and Cause 4 cl. sing. :
siso, it is it, by it ; ivabujisiva siso (isifo), he
died from it (sickness) ; see Si (c).
2. pron. subj. of the Condit. future : (a) I p.
pi. : sopeka, we will cook, (b) 4 cl. sing. :
isibane socima, the candle will go out.
3. Contrac. of sayi : ndiya hide, andisoku-
biiya, I go far away, I shall never come
back; apo ndingasokubomva ngutnntu, where
I shall no longer be seen by anybody.
u-SO, contraction of tiyise wo- ' the father of.
A prefix of cl. l. corresponding to u-No,
but of much more restricted use. It is the
male personifying prefix, and means 'the
male who is associated with, or has the
quality of, the thing mentioned'.
u-Sobukdsl, M. I. The source of authority
or rule.
u-5obuIuniko, n. I. lit. father of wisdom.
The All-wise.
u-Sokdtye, n. I. Nickname for a monkey.
u-Sokwazi konke, n. I. The Omniscient.
u-Somakdlwa, n. I. from i-Kolwa. The
father of believers.
u-Somandia, «. l. lit. father of power.
The Almighty.
u-Sombawo, n. I. lit. the father of fathers.
The great father, ancestor.
u-Sombutya, w. I. A thing that is of no
use, such as a broken chair or a rotten
pumpkin.
u-Somfazi, n. I. The father of the wife;
a man's father-in-law.
u-Sonantsi, n. I. The father of So-and-so.
u-Sondoda, n. I. The father of the husband ;
a woman's father-in-law.
u-SonJni nanini, n. l. The eternal, ever-
lasting Father.
u-Sonkazana, k. i. The father of the wife.
u-Sozintozonke, «. I. Father of all things.
ili-So, contrac. i-So, «. 2. pi. amehlo. The eye:
umnlu unamehlo, may mean, the person has
SO
eyes, but more usually it means, the person
has sore eyes; unaliso linye, he has one eye;
ndibona ngaso nye, I see with one eye; andi-
mnikmtga so, I did not regard him; andibase
so, I do not esteem them ; impalila yake iya-
pela, kiiba ayinamtttu uyise iso, his stock is
going to die, for nobody cares for it ; amehlo
abomvH, red, i.e. eager, earnest eyes; fig. one
who watches over or is in charge of a place
or district in a representative capacity;
iliso lonizi, the Town Council.
Phr. ?idilenga amehlo enu, I buy your eyes,
said to one who keeps staring at a person,
i.e. don't stare at me.
ili-So, n. 2. Plur. amasd. A large round white
bead, so named from resembling the eye-
ball.
ili-So lenkosikazi, Ji. 2. A creeping plant
with large, fleshy leaves, as large but not
so thick as those of the prickly pear.
ubu-So, n. 7. The face, countenance : ubuso
babo, their faces; ebusweni barn, in my
face, presence, before me ; the surface of
anything (earth, -water, etc.).
um-So, K. 6. The dawn of day, etc., see
under uku-Sa I.
um-Sobo, «. 6. The deadly nightshade, Sola-
num nigrum L.; used as medicine for ring-
worm.
um-Sobosobo, n. 6. The fruit or berries of
the iim-Solo.
Sodwa, adj. ref. to l p. pi. We alone; we
only; and 4 cl. sing.: isibane sodwa, the
candle alone ; see Dwa.
uku-Soka, v. t. To install circumcised lads
into manhood by giving them presents
when they come out from their seclusion
(esutwini) and are publicly acknowledged
as men by the assembly of men : ete lempahla
tidandiyisokwe ngu-Mata, bring me these
things I was presented with by Mata.
i-5oka, n. 2. A young, unmarried man, a
bachelor ; tisokadala, an old bachelor.
ubu-Soka, n. 7. Bachelorhood, celibacy.
i-Soko, n. 2. An established general mode of
action which obtains in a community;
isoko somzi, the established custom of a
place ; isoko lenteto lifutshane, the custom of
the speech is short, i.e. the speech is alv/ays
short; a peculiar, familiar, custom, = ?-5z/&<7.
Em. A stone put under a pot in cooking;
hence, a tripod.
uku-SOLA, V. i. To feel a dislike to a person
or thing; to be dissatisfied, discontented
with, so as to reject the company of a
person; to look sulky; to pout, grumble
so
wandiwla ngomsehenzi warn, he grumbled
about my work; usoliwe ngumlambo, the
river is dissatisfied, angry with him, (said
when one gets a rash by crossing a river
or after bathing); to accuse another of
stinginess and niggardliness; to blame,
find fault with ; to reprove, disapprove of :
wazisola ngokwake, he blamed himself, i.e.
he regretted.
um-SoH, n. I. One who finds fault with
everything; one who blames another,
grumbles, looks gruff; a grumbler.
isi-Solo, n. 4. Blamefulness.
um-SoIo, «. 6. Rash: umntu unomsolo, a
person with a rash or eruption on the
skin (attributed to the river).
um-Solo womlambd, «. 6. Matricaria
nigellaetolia B.C., a medicinal plant
used for rash.
uku-SoIeka, v. To be blameworthy:
utnntu ongasolekiyo, a blameless man, one
without reproach.
uku-Solela, v. To find fault with for
(a reason) : usasolela-nina? Why does he
still find fault?
Soloko, adv. Always, see Oko.
i-SoIoko, 11. 2. Something usual, to which
one is accustomed.
i-Solokotyo, «. 2. Appendage, etc., = /-
Solotya.
u-SOLONTSi, ?/. I. The sweet pumpkin
introduced into South Africa from Ceylon.
(Kafirised from the English Ceylon).
uku-SOLOR'A, V. i. To be solicitous, con-
cerned; to make as if searching for some-
thing lost; fr. Du. zorgen.
i-SoIotya, «. 2. Any ornament which hangs
on a dress like a fringe ; the tail or appen-
dage of a head-dress; a sash, scarf; the
corner of a shawl ; fig. refinement of speech ;
trifles; small matters.
uku-5oma, v. i. To speak a foreign lan-
guage ; to tell stories, folk-tales.
int-Somi, «. 3. A fable, story, tale, piece
of folk-lore. (The folk-lore stories are
told by the old women to their grand-
children at bed-time. If a person were
to tell intsomi by daytime, he would
develop horns 1)
uku-Somba, v. i. To be on the move.
uku-SombuluIa, v. i. Xp escape or slip
from the grasp; to pull oneself away from
the hold of another person by a twist or
wrench : ndambamha, kodwa ivasombulula esa-
ndleni sam, I seized him, but he slipped
away from my hand.
395
50
— 5ombuluIisa, v. To rescue from the
grasp of another by causing the person
or thing to slip from the grasp.
— Sombululisana, v. To assist each
other to slip away from the grasp of
each other.
i-Somi, n. 2. The redwinged starling, Amy-
drus morio L., so called from its cry.
Sona, pron emphat. 4 cl. sing. Nditeta sona
(isotw), I speak about it (sin) ; esona sitya
sikulu, the great vessel ; esi sesona sikulu,
this is the great one.
uku-Sondela, v. i. To approach, draw nigh,
come near : sotidelani apa, come here.
— Sondelana and Sondeleiana, v. To
approach each other : lento mayingasonde-
lelani nam, this thing must not approach
me.
— Sondeza, v. To cause to approach ; to
bring near.
um-Sondezo, n. 6. That which is brought
near (a species of offering).
um-Sondezo, n. 6. Du. Droog-mijn-keel,
Scutia indica Brogn.
uku-Sondezela, v. To bring near to.
um-Sondlo, n. 6. A hiss, blowing jeeringly.
i-Sondo, n. 2. The lower edge of a garment,
corner, selvage, lappet.
uku-SONQA, V. t. To roll up, as a coil of
things ; to wrap up, to fold a garment ; to
turn back or off; to keep off or back ; to
prevent : soiiga inkotno zingangetii emasiniini,
turn back the cattle so that they may not
go into the garden; fig. to turn away a
person from a purpose by persuasion:
anisayi ktmdisonga kulomsehenzi, you will
not dissuade me from that enterprise;
wasonga isandla kunt, he withdrew his hand
from me.
— Songana, v. To be contracted, shrunk-
en, dried, hard (a skin)'; to prevent each
other.
— Songeka, v. To be such as can be
folded ; to be dissuaded, threatened.
— Songela, v. To fold a garment for
another; to coil, wrap up for; to envelop
into another thing ; to turn for another
person: ndisongele inkomo, turn the
cattle for me; fig. to be resolved
to do; to threaten, menace for the
purpose of bringing another to considera-
tion, or turning the mind to the object
which is the cause of threatening.
K. 8. Rebuke, threatening.
int-Songelo, 71. 3. Threatening, resolution.
so
isi-Songelo, //. 4. (a) Aswaddling-band. (b)
A threat, menace, resolution, determina-
tion.
u-Songelo, n. 5. and um-Songelo, w. 6.
Act of threatening, menacing, resolving,
determining, deciding.
um-Songelo, n. 6. A creeper with yellow
flower.
uku-Songelana, v. To threaten one
another.
int-Songelane, «. 3. Threatening.
isi-Songelelo, «. 4. A wrapper.
i-Songololo, n. 2. A large millipede that
rolls itself up when tampered with. It
is considered to have a venomous bite.
A person who has the misfortune to be
bitten by this creature must make a
medicine of its head by smashing it and
mixing it with water.
Sonke, adj. (a) i p. pi. We all.
(b) 4 cl. sing. : isonka sonkc, a whole loaf or
all the bread ; see OnJie.
uku-SONTA, V. t. To form many filaments
into one thread by twisting; to spin, twist
a thread or rope; to do neat, artistic work.
i-Sonti, n. 2. Skilfulness; fig. sober-
mindedness, virtue.
um-Sonto, n. 6. Anything twisted or
spun; a thread; dimin. umsontwana, a
fine thread. Phr. ngumsonto onyikiiiyikt, it
is a wet thread which will not go into
the hole for sewing the milk-sack, said
of an unreliable man, a weathercock,
one who serves both pai ties.
uku-Sontasonta, v. Of the wind, to
twist off the ears of maize.
— Sonteka, v. To be fit for spinning or
for twisting: uhoya buyasoittek.i, the wool
twists well together.
int-Sontelo, «. 3. Rope made of «/h-Zz;
a thong, rope or anything to pull by, as
the traces in harness.
uku-Sontelela, v. To weave, plait, twist
a rope.
int-Sontelelo, n. 3. That which is twisted
or plaited, hence, a bracelet for the wrist,
twisted of different coloured grasses, or
woven of beads.
int-Sonyana, n. 3. Dimin. of int-Somi, used
as adj.: Allegorical.
uku-Sosonga, v. t. To shorten a distance.
ili-Su, n. 2. The thin soft flesh on the chest:
ilisu lesibini, the second best.
isi-Su, n. 4. Abdomen, stomach, womb;
isisti siyandiluma, my stomach troubles me;
isisu sam si'>i, I am constipated; ndinesisu,
su
I have stomach-ache; wapum' isisu, she
had a miscarriage ; iinesisu, she is pregnant;
isisu saki siktilu, he has a large belly:
isisu segazi, dysentery; umntwana wemu,
an illegitimate child. Phr. sisu sigab' amasi,
soda sigab' amanzi, the stomach that refuses
milk will soon refuse water, he who can't
digest thick milk hasn't long to live.
ulu-Sii, «. 5. pi. izintsu. The skin of
men and smaller animals, as calves, sheep,
etc.: insrubo enolusii, a thick blanket;
ongenalusii, he is thin, slender, also fig. he
is of no importance or use.
ulii-Su, 71. 5. Stomach or paunch of cattle
viz. the skinny part, the tripe ; the perquisite
of the women when a beast is killed.
Suba, (Contrac. from sukuba, to happen,
etc.,) see uku-Bd IB.
uku-Suba, v. t. To take a part or portion
(meal, sugar) with the two hands ; to dip
out with the two hands; fig. to hurry on
cattle when pursued or expecting pursuit.
— Subela, v. To give a portion to:
umsubele kulouibona, give him a portion of
that maize ; = Capula.
uku-5uduka, v. i. To stand or go aside
out of the light: suduka, isitunzi sako
sindisitUe, get out of the light, because your
shadow intercepts my view.
— Sudusa, V. To remove a thing which
intercepts the light, so as to allow the
light to fall on any place or object; to
remove obstacles out of the way.
um-Suka, n. 6. (a) The part of an assegai
which is inserted into the shaft, (b) A
tough, bluish grass, Sporobolus fimbriatus
Nees.
uku-SUKA, r. i. (Before the u of suka, a
preceding a often becomes e, as ndesuka
for ndasiika.) To rise from a sitting or
recumbent position to a standing posture :
snk' ume, arise and stand ; to get up, start,
get away or get out of the way, so as not
to hinder or intercept: 5m^' (2/>^, get away
from here; suk' endlwini yam, get out of
my house, (used in an insulting way) ; to
get up, jump off or fly out (a cork,
wedge, etc.); ndesuka imitsi, I jumped up;
to arise from resting on a journey, so as to
proceed onward: sasuka kbna sahamba, we
rose from thence and proceeded ; kwesuka
impainbano pakati kwabo, there arose a
dissension among them; ukusuka kwalonto
kwaba nje, the rise or commencement of
that affair was thus.
396
The imperative suka! is used to depre-
cate an unpleasant statement,—' You don't
mean to say so ! ' suka, lento yehla, look, this
happened.
As aux. verb it is used (a) conjunctively
"then, thereupon, straightway": wasuka
watt, then, after that he said ; basuka bazi-
shiya intamhd zabo, straightway they left
their nets; yasiika yangamawa, then, i.e.
immediately, they became rocks; (b) in a
deprecatory sense " to start doing " : ngoku-
suke udle, by your eating; tigokiistika hatande,
lit. through their starting and loving, i.e.
by their loving.
int-Suka, «. 3. Boys' play by bumping
with the posteriors on the ground.
uku-Sukasuka, v. To go or wander about
from one place to another without
tarrying long in any; to go to and fro;
fig. to be fickle, restless, unsteady, not to
abide in one place.
— Sukela, v. To arise or leave a place
and proceed to another for some special
purpose; to get up, start for; to run
after: ndiyaku?nsukela umntwana watn,
I will go after my child ; to pursue after :
sisukeV impi, we are pursuing the enemy ;
usukele inyamakazi, he has started in
pursuit of the game; fig. to desire
heartily; to long for: lento isukelwa
iigabantu, the people hanker after this
thing; usukela peziilu kiini, he rises
against me.
um-SukeU, «. i. A pursuer.
uku-Sukelana, v. To run, follow one
after the other ; fig. to be busy, occupied
with; to pursue zealously: usiikelana
nezinto ezikohlakeleyo, he runs after bad
things.
— Sukelisa, v. To pursue (in a hostile
sense.)
— Sukisa, V. To cause or make to start,
pursue, etc.
uku-Suka, v. t. To dress a hide, so as to
soften it; to curry leather; to full, mill;
fig. to prepare (the heart).
um-Suki, «. I. A fuller, currier.
u-Suku, n. 5. pi. hitsuku. A day of
twenty-four hours ; the^ whole period of
the earth's diurnal motion: usuku loku-
zalwa kwake, his birthday; ngosuka lonke,
all day long ; ngetitsuku zonke, day by day ;
a working day: ndinentsuku ezine, I have
been working four days.
su
ubu-Suku, //. 7. Night (from sunset to sun-
rise) ; darkness ; loc. ebusuku, in the night ;
kusebusuku, it is now night.
Sukuba, Soever ; see uku-Ba I.B.
uku-Sukuka, v. i. To wear off, etc., = m^«-
Sinya.
uku-Sukula, v. t. (a) To sharpen a knife or
other instrument to a fine, keen edge ; fig.
to excite, rouse, urge on. (b) To bury
leopards' or other animals' bones in a
garden for the purpose of getting a good
crop.
isi-SukuIo, n. 4. A charm prepared by a
witch-doctor to procure increase of cattle
or to obtain an abundant crop. /5/5?<^m/o 5^-
ftkomo, is the charm for obtaining increase
of stock, and isisukulo samazimba (pieces of
eland skin mixed with the seed) is the
charm for obtaining a good crop. A field
that has been so doctored must be avoided
by the women.
uku-Sukulela, v. To make a garden
fruitful : ndisukulele tigemfene yako, make
my garden fruitful by consulting your ba-
boon (or your supposed evil spirit).
uku-Sukuma, v. i. from ukuSuka and uku~
Ma. To get up and stand.
uku-Sukuzana, v. To join battle; to
strive for superiority ; to contend : bayasu-
kuzana ngobukulu, they are striving (in
opposition) for superiority.
uku-SULA, (Em. uk-OsuIa), v. t. To wipe
away or off (dirt or filth, or any adhesive
matter): sida izitya, wipe the dishes; sula
inyembezi zako, wipe away your tears;
to wipe off rust, etc., from an article
(sword) so as to cleanse or polish it ; fig. to
obliterate, extinguish, exterminate ; to
remove or clear away a charge or suspicion
of guilt: sula elotyala, withdraw, or clear
up, or prove that accusation; akukonto
angasulwa ngayo, there is nothing to clear
his character with. Phr. ukusuV udaka, to
wipe off the clay, denotes the first inter-
course of a circumcised youth with his
paramour; ukusula izikali, to fight the first
fight; keitdisul' umlomo, give me food (for
the first time) to break my hunger; andika-
nge ndisnle umlomo wam namhlanje, I
haven't wiped my mouth to-day, i.e. I have
had no food to-day, I have met with scant
hospitality; mandisule umlomo ngesheleni,
let me wipe my mouth with a shilling, i.e.
let me by putting down a shilling be allow-
ed to speak.
397
su
um-Sul'udaka, «. l. The paramour of a
youth who has newly finished the circum-
cision rites.
um-Sulwa, w. i. An innocent, virtuous,
blameless person; one free from guilt.
m-SuIwa, adj. Blameless, innocent:
indawo emsiiliva, an innocent matter.
ubum-Sulwa, n. 7. Innocence.
isi-SuIo, w. 4. Anything for wiping with;
a towel.
uku-Suileka, v. To be fit for wiping : iq]ya
iyasiileka, the handkerchief wipes well ; to
be cleansed : intsila iyasiileka, the dirt
goes off.
— Sulela, V, To wash together with one
piece of soap; to wipe off at, upon ; to be-
foul; to be contagious, to communicate
disease to another, to infect : isi/o siyasule-
la ebantwini, the sickness is contagious,
catches on people; bayasisulela ngesifo
sabo, they impart their sickness to us;
sisulelwe izono, we are infected with sin;
fig. to implicate in a charge of guilt; to
endeavour to transfer guilt to another:
uyandisulela ngetyala lake, he implicates
me in his guilt.
i-SuIelebe, n. 2. Contagiousness, infection.
uku-SuIelela, v. To be transmitted to (by
infection) : isono sisulelwe kuti, or ebantwini,
sin is transmitted to us, or to the people.
— Suleleka, v. To be befouled.
isi Suiu, M. 4. (a) Anything easily obtained,
or got below its real value; a bargain,
profit; a lucky chance or unexpected
present or piece of fortune; a windfall:
ufumene isisulu, you made a good bargain,
profit or gain ; iisisulu, you are a child or
favourite of fortune, a lucky person.
adv. ngoktisisulu, for nothing, gratis;
kasisulu, ngesisulu, easily.
(b) Spoil, prey, liability to danger : sisisu-
lu somgwebo, we are in danger of or sub-
ject to judgment; we incur judgment.
Phr. usisulti sombima, he is very stupid.
ubu-Sulu, n. 7. used as adv. : ivayizttza bu-
stilu lenkomo, he got this cow by chance
or good fortune.
ukuti-5ululu, V. i. To go slyly aside; to
leave a company of men secretly.
uku-SuIunga, v. t. To be in good order,
clean, neat, fine; to be quiet, solemn
awed; fig. to bear contempt or scorn
silently.
— 5ulungeka, v. To be in a quiet, orderly,
etc., state (house, mind) ; to k«ep silence.
SU
i-Sulungeko, «. 2. That which is free
from defects of its kind; a quiet, beau-
tiful thing.
int-Sulungeko, n. 3. Order, quietness,
solemnity, gravity, earnestness.
uku-5uluiigekisela, v. To be perfectly
adjusted, adapted, or qualified for.
— Sulungisa, v. To make or cause to be
silent, orderly, solemn, etc.; to beautify
by removing defects; to clear from
impurities; to celebrate, solemnize.
i-Sundu, w. 2. The wild palm, Phoenix
reclinata Jacg., whose leaves are used by
the abakweta for making their kilt.
um-SunduIo, n. 6. (a) The earthworm, Em.
iinisundu. See i-Ntsundwane.
(b) The strong tendon which runs along
the back part of the neck and gives sup-
port to the head. Phr. yaleka umsundulo,
add to the neck-sinews, i.e. go on to speak.
uku-5unduluka, v. i. (from Suka and Nduluka).
Em. To rise and depart.
uku-Sunduza, v. t. To push violently and
forcibly forward or away : sunduza inkonya-
na, ayivumi ukuhamba, push the calf be-
fore you, it will not go by itself ; to repel
or check an advance : sunduza ezonto, push
those things away; sunduza nxamnye, push
aside, put off; fig. to depose.
— Sunduzana, v. used with na. To resist
the approach of any influence or principle
which seeks to gain a place in the affect-
ions or in the heart : wasunduzana nokiiva
kwentliziyoyake,he resisted the convictions
of his heart.
— Sunduzeka, v. To be forcibly moved or
pushed aside.
— Sunduzela, v. To push, etc., for another
or to a certain place.
uku-SunguIa, v. t. To commence an oper-
ation or enterprise, espec. agricultural
operations in spring-time, to break ground:
ndasungula ukulima, I commenced plough-
ing; to give the first stab or blow; pass, to
be renewed, dedicated, consecrated. (This
word was used by Ntsikana, the Kafir
prophet, of himself, when he commenced
his special mission to the Kafirs).
— Sungulela, v. To dedicate for.
i-Suntsu, «. 6. A small piece (of bread,
meat). Dimin. isnntswana.
um-5unu, w. 6. Pudenda muliebria. (An
obscene word.)
uku-Susa, Caus.form ofuku-Suka. To remove,
take or send away: wtsusa ahakon»i baki,
398
he sent forth his servants; to cause to
depart : sisuse ingozi, take from us the mis-
fortune; to force or compel away: msiiseni,
take him away, i.e. away with him from
the earth; fig. to commence at, extend
from: umhlaba vsus' apa ude uye paya, the
ground extends from here to there.
int-Susa, «. 3, (a) Cause, ground, occasion,
reason, preface : hitsusa-tnabandla, cause
of debate, (b) The demand made on
the husband of a woman who has left him
on account of ill-treatment and gone
to live with her parents, which must
be settled before he can take her back.
isi-Susa, n. 4. The cause or origin of a
matter: tnhuze isisusa salendawo, ask him
the cause of this matter.
uku-Susela, v. To start, as on a journey,
or as young birds leaving their nest for
flight; to begin an answer; to commence,
begin to speak: basusela ttkuti, they
commenced to say; with adverb, meaning:
sisusela or kususela kwelixesha asazi nam-
ntu, we starting from this time, i.e.
henceforth, know no person.
u-Sutu, «. I. The man in charge of the
abakwka during their period of seclusion,
= i-Kankata.
i-Sutu, n. 2. The company, club or kraal of
the circumcised youth; the seclusion in
which circumcised lads live.
u-Sutu, «. 5. The place where circumcision
is performed.
uku-Suza, causative form of uku-Sula. To
pass wind ; fig, to misconduct oneself.
int-Suzi, «. 3. Wind (in the above sense) ;
one who passes wind.
uku-5uzela, v. To pass wind in the
presence of another: isuzelwa liqaqa,
it is utterly disgusting; to sting (bee,
scorpion). Phr. inyosi zingasuzela zazeke
ukuba zityebile, when bees sting, they cer-
tainly have honey.
uku-Swabulula, v. t. To stretch what is
contracted, cramped, crooked; to make
the countenance pleasant.
— Swabuluka, v. i. To stretch oneself
when tired : abuswabulukitibusobakdyittina?
shall not thy countenance be lifted up,
i.e. have a free, open look?
ukuti-Swahla, r. i. To make a noise like that
of sand when thrown, or a shot when fired.
int-Swahla, n. 3. Noise, bustle.
int-Swane, «. 3. A little food in the stomach.
um-Swane, «. 6. The contents of an animal's
stomach after death: ukwetyisa umswane,
to chew the cud.
5W
u-Swazi, «. 5. pi. intswazi. A switch; a gift
to a Kafir doctor to encourage him in his
operations; fig. a bottle of brandy carried
by one going to see a friend: rola uswazi,
produce your bottle, i.e. give me something.
ukuti-Swe, v. t. To throw far behind.
uku-Sweba, v. t. To pinch.
i-SWEKlLE, n. 3. Sugar, from Du. zuiker.
uku-SWELA, v. i. To want, lack; to be defi-
cient in; to be destitute of; to be in need
of: tidiyiswele imali, I am in want of money,
i.e. I require money.
int Swela and int-Sweli, n. 3. He who
or that which is needy, destitute, devoid
of: iiitswela-mbeko, dishonour; intsweli-
kiiqonda, lit. one who is devoid of
understanding, i.e. is foolish; intswela-
boya, hairless (of a young child whose
flesh and fat were used for making
medicines and charms).
int-Swelo, n. 3. and u-Swelo, n. 5. pi.
intswelo. Want, destitution, lack, need,
poverty.
isi-Sweli, «. 4. One who is poor, needy,
in want.
ubu-Swela, n. 7. Want, poverty.
uku-Sweleka, v. To be scarce, lacking,
not to be attained without difficulty:
ukudla kuyasweleka nonyaka, this year food
is very scarce; to be wanting; to be thin,
few, sparse, rare, seldom : inwele ziswe-
lekile, the hair is wanting, i.e. thin, scant;
fig. to die.
— Swelisa, v. To cause to fail, to cause
to be lacking.
int-Sweliso, «. 3. A need, want necessity;
a state that requires supply or relief.
u-Swela, n. S;- uku-Qala.
uku-Swempa, v. t. To feel, touch, pinch,
scratch with the finger-nails; fig. to stir,
turn up ; = uku-Rwempa.
— Swempana, v. To scratch one another.
isi-Swenye, «. 4. A bundle of maize or corn
tied together by the leaves of the cobs or ears
and hung in the air to get dry ; a bunch, cluster.
um-Swi, n. 6. (a) The Cape thrush, Turdus
olivaceus L. (b) A kind of blue bead,
(c) The water-tree, Eugenia cordata Laws.
ukuti-Swi, V. To carry a feeling (desire,
self-satisfaction) to excess: intovtbi ziti swi
indlebe nokuba ngubanina oil ' ndifuna ukuku-
tshata', the girls' ears are more than ready
if any one offers marriage.
uku-Swila, v. t. To skim off; fig. to cheat;
to put one off with fair words; to cause
one to get nothing.
1 i-SwIli, n. 2. The whole stomach of animals.
399
Thas two sounds, the first of which is
pronounced more sharply than / in the
English word take, as lata father, and the
second, marked /', is strongly aspirated, as
in tela, speak. Its combinations are the
sibilant ^5 which has a stronger (expirated)
sound than the same combination in
English; tsh, which has the sound of c// in
church] and ty, which resembles the sound
heard in virtue. In nouns of the third class
formed from verbs beginning with /;/, the h
is charged into /, e.g. uku-hlala, in-tlalo. In
nouns of the third class formed from verbs
beginning with s, t is inserted for euphony
e.g. uka-sikelela, in-t-sikelelo. Euphonic t
also appears in the plurals of 5 cl. nouns
whose singular-stems begin with s, as
u-sukii, in-t-suku, and in some other cases,
as in-t-simi sing, of ama-siini. In this
edition of the dictionaiy, the euphonic t is
treated as part of the prefix.
Tal interj. used when one guilty (e.g. of
umhiilo) is pointed at and accused.
isi-Ta, n. 4. A stack or heap of corn not
yet thrashed out.
ukuti-Ta, v. i. Of the sun, to shine with
intense heat on the ground and scorch the
vegetation : ilanga lite-ta lada lo?na ilizwe,
the sun shone or smote with intense heat,
until the country was burnt up; to throw
sunlight on an object by a reflector; to be
prominent; fig, to be clear to the under-
standing: lento ite-ta, this thing is clear;
?nayiti-ta ku-Taino ukuba akayi erautini, let
it be clear to Tamo that he is not going
to the mines; to reflect, consider, meditate
upon.
ili-Ta, n. 2. A ray or stream of light
shining from between clouds after rain,
or from a fire lighted among trees for a
bivouac at night by travellers; fig. shaft
of anger or hatred: mus' ukundinikela
eliteni labandibandezelayo, do not deliver
me to the will of my oppressors.
um-Ta, n. 6. A ray of the rising sun en-
tering through a narrow opening; fig. a
stitching pain, painful nerve. Phr. unomta
wedolo, or usedoliveni; = uxakekile, he is
weak-kneed, he doesn't speak out from
fear of saying what is indecent, he is
hindered from doing a right action.
ulu-Ta, n. "^.^ ili-Ta.
ubu-Ta, w. 7. Violent commotion of the
mind; passion, violence.
ukuti-Ta, v. t. Em. To give a name : seumte-
ta igama-na f have you already given the
child a name ? = uku- Tiya. j
ukutl-Ta, V. t. To move with a hopping
motion, like a grasshopper; to apprehend,
arrest.
uku-Ta, ( = ukw-Ita), v, i. To lose hope,
despair; cf. uku-Wuta.
— Tisa, V. To cause to lose hope : mngxo-
bozo wakwa-Tisayo, the Slough of
Despond.
uku-T'A, V. t. pass. tiwa. To pour into any-
thing with a small opening, e.g. to pour
water into a bottle ; to pour milk into the
narrow neck of a calabash, which is done
by folding the hands under the milkpail
and placing the thumbs on the edge of the
calabash to form a narrow channel for the
flow of the milk into the neck of the
calabash : yita ubisi emvabeni, pour the milk
into the sack ; altikatiwa, it is not yet poured
out of or into i\\t ve?,?,e\: wayita emqaleni
wake, he poured it down his throat. (The
following 2 cl. pi. forms are to be distin-
guished: abbrev. rel. aid, who or which
pour in; absol. past, ata, they poured in ;
conj. past, ata, and they poured in ; short
present, dta, they pour in).
— Tela, V. To pour out into: I utile ubisi
eselweni, pour the milk out into the cala-
bash; euphem. to emit semen virile,
i.e. to lie with a woman.
— Telana, v. To pour together, one on
the other.
— Telela, v. To pour out often; fig. to
join a company for war or any other
purpose of co-operation; to give
succour or assistance: abateleli mntu,
they do not help any man ; batelele kwi-
ntshaba zetii, they joined our enemies; to
join in, follow suit, second a motion.
um-Teleli, n. I. A confederate.
uku-Telelana, v. To co-operate together
for any purpose; to form a union, or
confederacy as among workmen : ndatele-
lana nabo, I joined with them for the
same purpose.
u-Telelwano, n. 5. Co-operation, common
counsel.
uku-Tisa, -v. To exact (tribute).
in-Taba, «. 3. A mountain; loc. entabeni;
dimin. intatyana, a small mountain. Phr.
intaba ziwile, the mountains, i.e. the mighty,
have fallen. Ntaba was the name by
which u Sarin was greeted.
ukuti-Tabalala, v. i. To lie in an orderly way;
of a rolling extent of country, to lie
stretched out.
400
TA
in-Tabalala, «. 3. A large quantity or
heap of thrashed corn, spread out; a
great number, abundance.
adj. Many, abundant.
uku-Tabalaza, v. i. To hinder, stop one
from entering the house; fig. to make no
progress.
um-Tabata, 11. 6. A number of people who
club together to work in a garden, etc.
uku-Tabata, contrac. tata, v. i. pass.
tatyahva. To receive, take, lake hold of;
to take a thing so as to retain it: tabata
umntwana, take the child ; ak wumi ithimta-
bata,\\Q will not take him; izulu limtahattle,
the lightning struck him; of the bride-
groom's party, to go to bring the bride to
her husband's place ; euphera. for to con-
ceive: watabaia esizalweni, she conceived.
Phr. tata inyawo! Go! Be gone!
— Tabatana, v. To take one another
to marry by Christian rites; to take one's
part ; to enter or embark with one in the
same business, or companionship: nda-
tabatana naye, I had to do with him, I
sided with or joined him.
— Tibateka, v. To be taken: tabateka
uposeke elwandle, be thou taken and cast
into the sea; watabateka (stronger than
wazekeka) ngunisindo, he was overpowered
by wrath ; fig. to be prepossessed with, to
have delight in: utabatekile yifito?nbl, he
had delight in the girl.
— Tabatela, v. To take for or on behalf
of another or to a certain place; to be-
witch by taking something belonging to
a person, and manipulating it.
This form is used also in a prepositional
sense: beginning from: kutabatele esipe-
Iweni somhlaba kitse esipehveni sezulii, from
the uttermost part of the earth to th(
uttermost part of heaven.
— Tabatisa, v. To cause to take; to take
along with another.
isi-Tabataba, n. 4. That which, as a breach
of the law, is imputed to all in the vicinity,
or to a whole clan, the actual transgressor
being unknown; fine, tribute.
Phr. tola isitahataha ( — rola uswazij, 'give
me a tip', said by a person who has been
helping another, and practically equivalent
to a request for tobacco.
isi-Tabazi, «. 4. A fine plain or meadow; a
low lying part of the country.
Tabi ! Oath. By Rar'abe's daughter!
i-Tafa, «. 2. A flat piece of country, a plain
or plateau: loc. ematafein, on the plateau.
A3 401
TA
uku-Tafa, v. i. To go to the veld to
relieve nature: akatafi, he is constipated.
Tafile, n. 3. A table, fr. Du. tafel.
in-Taka, n. 3. The generic term for a bird ;
fig. fear. Phr. kungaf intaka enhilu, amaqa-
nda ayabola, if the old bird dies, the eggs go
bad, i.e. children must not expect all the
food; enye intaka yaka ngoboya benye, one
bird builds its nest with another bird's
feathers.
in-Takakazi, n. 3. The female"and the
male in eclipse plumage of the red-collared
widow-bird, Coliuspasser ardens (Bodd.J,
and of other allied species.
in-Takananja, n. 3. The forest weaver,
Ploceus bicolor l^ieill.
in-Taka yamadoda, w. 3. A large bird of
prey, species uncertain, whose cry (lof ili-
zive, the country will die) and whose
flight are bad omens for a war-party.
in-Taka yomlilo, n. 3. lit. the bird of fire.
The red bishop bird, Pryomelana orix (L),
in-Takazana, n. 3. A generic name given
to the females of widowbirds and bishop
birds.
in-Tak' embila, «. 3. lit. the dassie bird.
The lesser puffoack shrike.
in-Tak'ezulu, n. 3. The imaginary
lightning-bird, = imPundulu ; hence light-
ning.
in-Tak' obusi, n. 3. lit. the honey bird.
Generic name for the honey guides,
Indicatoridas, a family of parasitic birds
characterised by their habit of leading
a traveller to a bees' nest, and waiting
at hand in expectation of sharing in
the spoil ; fig. = ubu-Bele.
uku-Taka, v. i. To spring, jump up quickly :
hitaka inthmtsi, the sparks fly ; to spark or
spurt on.
— Takataka, v. To jump about from one
place to another, as e.g. a hen that has
had its head cut off.
— Takela, v To spring on; to splutter or
spurt on, as water: nntanzi ashushu andi-
takele, the boiling water spurted on me.
i-Takane, «. 2. A lamb or kid : itakane legusha,
a lamb; itakane lebokwe, a kid.
uku-Takata, v. t. To practise evil secretly
against another person; to bewitch.
um-Takati, n. I. A witch or wizard who
employs or is believed to employ all
kinds of means— poison, conjuring and
witchcraft — for procuring injury to the
lives and property of others. Phr. ukwa-
nda kwaliwa ngumtakatt, family increase is
prevented by the wizard, said in compli-
ment to the father of a fine, large family.
TA
u-Tikat6, n. 5. and ubu-Takata, u. 7.
Witchcraft.
uku-Takatana, v. To bewitch each other.
ubu-Takataka, n. 7. Em. Weakness, etc., =
tibu-Tataka.
uku-Takazela, v. i. To utter a joyous excla-
mation of satisfaction at any event; to
applaud, assent to, agree with joy, e.g. as
the huntsman applauds his dog when it
seizes the game, or as warriors shout when
victorious.
isi-Takazelo, n. 4. Applause, assent.
uku-Takazelela, v. To assent to whole-
heartedly or joyfully.
in-Tak'embila, in-Tak'ezulu, etc. see under
ui-Taka.
in-Takumba, ;/. 3. A flea.
i-Takutaku, n. 2. A soft, flimsy substance ;
loose, transparent stuff for garments; any
naturally hard substance, which when satu-
rated or steeped in water, becomes soft and
yielding; fig. a person without strength of
mind or will; one who yields to circum-
stances; a cowardly individual.
uku-Takutakula, v. i. To walk in a pecu-
liar jumping manner, as a person afflicted
with St. Vitus's dance. It is used derisive-
ly to describe another's walk when un-
steady.
i-Tala, «. 2. (a) A flat ledge of rock; a rocky
exposure of the earth's surface; itala and
etaleni are used as place-names describing
places where there is conspicuous surface-
exposure of rocks. A shelf or loft for storing
provisions; a cupboard; fig. a stretcher,
bier; itala lemvubii is the name of a children's
game.
(b) A vessel for holding amasi; abundance
(of cattle or amasi).
ubu-Tala, n. 7. Flatness of surface on a rock .
flat rocky surface.
um-Tala, w. 6. (a) Erianthus capensis Nccs. ;
a very coarse grass growing in swamps;
Tambookiegrass. (b) The tendon of the
first stomach of animals.
uku-Talala, v. i. To be ignorant how to do a
thing, or to do it clumsily.
— Talalisa, v. To be indifferent and quite
unconcerned about an urgent matter;
to disregard or treat an appeal with
contempt; to be without care or anxiety
in the presence of danger, acting as if
one had not seen it ; fig. to balance, poise,
walk softly.
TA
uku-Talasa, v. i. To walk straddling and
tottering, like a drunken man, or as one
who has sores between the legs.
u-Talaso, n. 5. Tottering: umtt wotalaso,
brandy.
uku-Talasa, v. i. To be independent ; not to
care for one after having been helped by
him ; fig. to strut proudly.
uku-Talaza, v. t. To look upon with suspicion
or mistrust; to survey carefully by raising
the head and looking in all directions, to
look carefully to understand.
— Talatalaza, v. To strut about in pride,
looking all about as one goes; to think
many things ; also = uku-Bekaheka.
uku-Tamatisa, v. t. Em. To shake about.
uku-T'AMB'A, I. v. i. To become soft, pliant,
supple, flexible, weak: intambo itaiubtlc, the
thong is soft; fig. to become tame; to be
easily impressed, civilized, subdued: umniu
otambileyo, a gentle, well disposed person
who is easily entreated and persuaded;
tumitu oiatiibe intliziyo, a. squeamish person;
iittloko yam itambile, my head is soft, i.e.
impressionable.
i-Tamba, n. 2. A maize-cob when partially
ripe ; fig. a person who is soft and sub-
missive. Plur. ama-Tamba, those who in
1856 obeyed Nongqause's command to
slaughter all their cattle.
in-Tamb6, n. 3. A thong, rope, riem; dimin.
iiitaiija>ia, a small thong.
Phr. iiidiik' iiitambo! bring here a kerrie
and a thong! (to strangle and despatch a
person); yintambo netuuga, they are the
riem and the milk-pail, i.e. they are
inseparable friends; bamh' intambo, catch
hold of the riem of the leading pair of
oxen in a span, fig. keep the meeting in
order; (amadoda) atslia zintambo, they are
in a hurry to get home, or they are in a
hurry to fight.
isi-Tamb6, «. 4. A snare laid on the ground.
u-Tamb6, n. 5. A net; a snare for birds
made of string.
um-Tamb6, «. 6. (a'/ A vein, artery: uku-
beta kzvcmitainbd, the pulse-beat; fig. a rib
of a leaf, (b) The time during which the
ground remains soft after rain.
ubu-Tambd, //. 7. Flexibility.
uku-Tambeka, v. To be in an oblique or
slanting position: imh'iza itambekile, the
pot stands aslant; to walk or stand out of
the perpendicular; of a hillside, to be
declivitous, steep.
TA
i-TAmbeka, ii. 2. A declivity; the slope of
>. To slope towards, glide
a mountain.
uku-Tambekela.
into; to wane.
— Tambekisa, v. To place or put oblique-
ly ; to make to decline.
— Tambela, v. To submit to: watambela
umteto, he submitted to the law.
— Tambisa, v. To make soft; to anoint
(the body); to lubricate a vehicle or
machinery with fat or oil; to smear a
child's face with fat to make it believe it
has eaten; fig. to tame, subdue. Phr.
tatnbisa amadolo, use knee-grease, run fast.
is"i:^l^te:; I:} An anointing.
uku-Tamba, II. v. i. To move in regular and
measured circles, as soldiers wheel in
exercising, or as vultures make gyrations
in their flight round their prey.
in-Tambanana, n. 3. The South African
kestrel, Cerchneis rupicola (Baud), which
has a characteristic habit of hovering in
the air as it scrutinises the ground for
beetles and mice. Children fancy that
the bird when so engaged is dancing, and
they clap their hands and sing to it, in
order to encourage it.
uku-Tambisa, v. To drill: tambha amajoni,
drill the soldiers.
uku-Tambama, v. i. To sit down; of the sun,
to decline, set.
um-Tambama, n. 6. The decline of the
day; afternoon; loc. emtambama, in the
afternoon.
i-Tamb6, n. 2. (a) A bone; iiatnbd elifupi, the
thigh bone; isifo samatambo, rheumatism.
Phr. bamb' elitambo ndihixela lona, keep to
what I say or command. Plur. amatambb;
fig. old quarrels and contentions, (b) A
small white bead generally worn by Kafirs,
and so named because it resembles bone in
its substance; a kernel, (c) A kind of plant.
in-TAMBULA, n. 3. A musical instrument,
timbrel, fr. Du. tamboer.
uku-Tamnda, v. L To be genteel, noble,
polite in speaking and doing.
in-Tamo, n. 3. The neck: dimin. intanyana.
Phr. untamo inamafuta, one who is liberal
in giving; uktimisa or ukuqinisa intamo, to
be obstinate.
um^mo:«.6. ] ^ "^^^^hful; a bite of
bread; a drop of drink; itamo lepalo, medi-
cine for tapeworm ; dimin. itamana.
i-Tamsanqa, n. 2. Lucky occurrence or hit;
happy incident, fortunate chance ; an unex-
403
TA
pected benefit, whether arising from un-
foreseen circumstances, or conferred by
one person on another, a blessing: oneth'
msanqa, a lucky fellow.
uku-Tamsanqela, v. pass, tanyusanqelwa.
To bestow a particular benefit upon
another person; to favour him, make
him lucky.
— Tamsanqeleka, v. To be prosperous,
in fortunate circumstances; to be the
recipient of benefits and favours; to
alight on such accidentally, fortuitously.
— Tamsanqelisa, v. To cause to bestow
favours or benefits upon another,
um-Tana, «. l. = um-Ntivana.
i-Tana, «. 2. Arm5ev, = i-Gqolo.
um-Tana, n. 6. Dimin. of um-Ti. A small tree
or shrub : wntana onameva, a thorny shrub.
in-Tananja, n. 3. = in-Takananja. The forest-
weaver.
Tanci and ma-Tanci, adv. First in order of
time : ndimbone matanci, I saw him first.
ama-Tanda, //. 2. pi. short form of ama-Ta-
ndabiizo. Doubts: ngdpandle kwamatanda,
without doubt.
u-Tanda, n. 5. plur. intanda. A crack in a
wall or rock.
uku-Tanda, I. v. t. (first *a' short). To wind
up or round : tanda intambo, wind the string.
— Tandela, v. To wind round another
thing: tandela ump'ini ngentambo ngokuba
wapukile, wind a thong round the handle,
because it is bi'oken.
izi-Tandelo, n. 4. pi. A shroud.
uku-T'ANDA, II. v. t. To love, like, desire,
esteem, admire, wish, will: bayabatanda
abnntwana babo, they love their children ;
ndiyakiitanda uhidla-oku, I relish, enjoy this
food; tidiyatanda ukumbona, I desire to see
him ; ndatanda kuye, I went at once at him,
attacked him.
n. 8. The will : ukutanda kwako makwe-
nziwe, Thy will be done.
um-Tandi, n. I. One who loves, a lover:
batandi baka- Yehova, kuttyeni okubi, ye that
love the Lord, hate evil.
um-Tandwa, n. I. One beloved.
i-Tanda, h. 2. A lover: ulitanda nkomo, he
is a lover of cattle.
i-Tandazwe, n, 2. Lit. one who loves the
country, i.e. a patriot.
in-TSnda, n. 3. One beloved : unyana warn
oyintdnda, my beloved son.
in-Tando, n. 3. A climber, used as a
philtre to procure love. The face is
bathed in a solution of the leaves. See
uku-Nika.
TA
in-Tando, ". 3. Affection, love, will, desire
(obj.); pi- lusts.
isi-Tanda, w. 4. A lover: isitandn hunnyo-
lua, a lover of darkness,
isi Tandwa, n. 4. A loved one.
u-Tando, n. o. The act of loving (subj.)
u-Tand' iihlanga, n. i. One who loves
his nation; a patriot.
uku-Tandana, r. To love one another:
hayi ukutandana kwaho! O how they love
one another !
in-Tandano, u. 3. and u Tandano, «. 5
Reciprocal love or pleasure.
isi Tandane and isi-Tandanekazi, n. 4.
One who is loved by another ; a trusty,
confidential person.
uku-Tandeka, v. To become loved; to be
greatlv loved; to be lovable ; to be or be-
come dear to the heart ; to be affectionate ;
nmntivana zmmi otaiidtkayo, my dearly be-
loved child; hayi ukutcvnieka kweminguba
ja^o.' how amiable are thy tabernacles!
um-Tandeki, n. i. One beloved.
uku-Tandela, r. To love, desire, wish for
or on account of: ndiyazitandcla, it
pleases me; ndenje tijalo ngokuzitandela,
it pleased me to do so; iidimtandela nku-
lunga kivake, I love him for his goodness.
— Tandisa, v. To make or cause to love,
desire, etc. : wasitandisa ilizwi lake, he made
us love his word; to encomag&; wazita-
vdisa ktiin, he ingratiated himself with
uku-Taiidabuza, v. i. from Tatida II and Buza.
To doubt, hesitate about a matter; to feel
insufficiently warranted; to be undecided:
ndisatanddbuza ngalonlo, I am still in doubt
about that matter; lento ayitandatyuzwa, this
matter is not doubted.
ama-Tandabtizo, contrac. ama-Tanda, n.
2. pi. Doubts.
in-Tandabuzo, w. 3. Doubt: ngapandlc
kwentaiidabuzo, without doubt.
isi-Tandabuzo, n. 4. A doubtful matter.
uku-Tandabuzeka, v. To be doubtful.
— Tandabuzela, v. To doubt about.
— Tandabuzisa, v. To cause to doubt;
to make doubtful.
Tandatu, Card. num. Six: batandatu abantii,
the people are six; ahaniii ab tandatu, six
persons; bobatandatu bahainba, all six of
then went.
kaiandatu, adv. six times: ycnza kaiandatu,
do it six times; ku'andatu, into six: yisike
kutandatu, cut it into six parts; ngantandatu,
by sixes.
404
TA
isi-Tandatu, n. 4. Six as an abstract
number: ishnni elinesitandatu, sixteen;
imiti elishumi elinesitandatu, sixteen trees;
the sixth: umhla wesitandaiA, the sixth day;
ngolwesitandatu (sc. usuku), on the sixth day ;
okrvcsitandatii, the sixth time or sixthly.
uku-Tandaza, v. t. Orig. to pray for mercy
or life; now, to pray in general, to entreat.
um-Tandazi, n. i. One who prays.
u-Tandazo, n. 5. Praying.
um-Tandazo, n. 6. A prayer; luntandazo
ive-Nkosi, the Lord's prayer.
uku Tandazana. v. To pray with each
other.
— Tandazeka, v. To be entresited: inkosi ya-
tandazeka nguye, the chief was entreated
by him.
— Tandazela, v. To pray for ; to intercede.
um-Tandazeli, w. i. An intercessor.
uku Taiidazelana, v. To pray for one
another; to make mutual prayer.
— Tandazisa, v. To cause to pray.
ukuti-Tandetande, v. t. To twist (cord, etc.)
in-Tane, n. 3. A mowing or cutting down
with a spear.
i-Tanga, n. 2. The thigh.
i-Tanga, n. 2. A place to which weak cattle
are sent away for better pasturage ; a
farm, cattle station; loc. ematangd.
i-Tanga, ti. 2. A general name for plants of
the gourd tribe ; a pumpkin.
i-Tanga lenyoka, «. 2. = u-Tangazana.
u-Tanga, ;/. 5. The growing and spreading
branches of the pumpkin plant. Plur.
intanga, the pulpy kernel of a pumpkin
with the mass of enclosed seeds.
u-Tangazana, n. 5. plur. ama..(a) Cucumis
africanus L., a kind of gourd, used as an
emetic and purgative by doctors-
Nursing-women bind the trailing stems
round their ankles when they go to the
river as a preventive against diarrhoea
in the child, (b) A kind of pumpkin
(usenza). Plur. intangazana, the seeds of
utangazana.
in-Tanga, n. 3. The house for strangers,
generally that occupied by the second wife,
widows, old women or unmarried men and
boys; a lodging house, bachelors' club,
prison.
in-Tanga, ;/. 3. A person or animal of
equal age with another: ezonkomo zintanga
nye, those cattle are of the same age; uyi-
ntanga kabani? lit. with whom are you of
equal age 1 i.e. how old are you ? ndiyintanga
eyendisileyo, I am as old as that man,
whose first daughter is married.
u-Tango, h. 5. A fence, hedge.
in-Tanjana, n. 3. dimin. of intamhb. A small
thong, string, cord.
u-Tantalala, «. 5. used as adj. Umlamhb
ulutnntalnla, the river is full of water.
uku-Tantamisa, v. i. To balance ; to bear
gently, carry carefully; to go warily as on
a dangerous path; not to tread firmly; to
climb with shaking limbs; fig. to be
uncertain, not sure or firm in speaking.
??. 8. Gentleness.
uku-Tantasa, v. t. To carry on the palm of
the hand; fig. umjelo or ijelo litantasa amanzi,
the ditch or pipe carries water.
uku-Tantata, v. i. To step jauntily from
stone to stone in crossing a river; to skip
on a flat stone.
um-Tantatd, n. 6. Any contrivance for
crossing a river, hence, a bridge ; a nar-
row, dangerous path. The pi. is used
for stepping stones in a river.
i-Tantylsi, «. 3. A small hard-cased red
fruit which is strung into necklaces.
in-Tanyongo, n. 3. Maize which has become
black from hanging in the smoke; zw/rt/vjo-
ngo zamehlo, red eyes. adj. Wrathful.
in-Tapane, n. 3. A great number, plenty,
abundance, adj. Many: yenza iniapane,
make havoc.
i-TAPILE, n. 2. A potato, fr. Du. aardappel.
Phr. ndiyakukuheta utigata/idi riegqabi leta-
pile, I'll give you such a threshing that you
won't have any desire even for a potato leaf,
i.e. I'll thrash you in a way that you'll
never forget; inkabi ziiidikataze andatanda
negqabi letapile, the oxen troubled me so
much that I didn't even care for a potato-
leaf, i.e. they troubled me so much that I
lost all interest in everything.
T'AP'U ! inter j. Behold! Tapii gqi shuiiqu nda-
vela tidaxela ilanga ndaye ?idibuza ndisiti
kuwe niciiiga ukitgjduka nini, of a sudden I
appeared like the sun and asked you when
you thought of going home.
ukuti-Tapu, v. i. To appear suddenly and
unexpectedly : xa ebesateta, xvati-tapu urn-
wake, wambiza, while he was yet \ isi-Tata and isi-Tati,
— Tapuluza and Tapiiza, v. To cause to
come forth in abundance, as smoke from
a chimney ; or in large numbers, as ants
from the ground; to raise dust.
— Tapuzela, v. To come forth in puffs, as
steam from an engine, or smoke from a
chimney.
i-Tafu, ti. 2. and u-Tafu, n. 5. Kindness,
tender feeling, sympathy, mercy. It is
often used in supplications: taru, excuse
me; taru, Nkosi, have mercy, O Lord;
taruni! have or show mercy, i.e. allow me
to speak, be quiet! In this way the people
in public meetings are addressed by a
speaker or sick people by one who visits
them. (Originally the priest doctor when
entering the hut of a sick person, said
taruni! thus addressing the spirits of the
ancestors and imploring them to be pro-
pitious, to have mercy on the sick person
and withdraw their evil influence from
him.) Phr. tar'ameva! Alas!
uku-Taruzisa,i;. /. To seek, implore, ask for
mercy, compassion, peace, forgiveness:
hamha uyckutaruzisa kuye, go and ask mercy
from him ; to bring or bestow mercy ; to
congratulate, to wish joy upon the good
issue of any event which was attended
with danger or serious evils ; to wish joy
after sickness. •
isi-Tafuziso, n. 4. and u-Tafuziso, ?/. 5.
Supplication, an apology (for absence.).
i-TASi, w. 3. A bag or satchel carried by a
strap over the shoulders; dimin. iiasana; fr.
Du. tas.
u-Tata, n. I. My father, used by children.
uku-Tata, r. i. To be unsteady, irresolute,
tired, fatigued, alarmed, uneasy.
i-Tara, n. 2. Snorting: itata lamahashe, the
snorting of the horses. Plur. the lateral
cartilage of the nose; the nostrils.
Phr. unamatata, he is conceited, imper-
tinent, impudent.
in-Tata, «. 3. A sage, magician ; = i-Ciko.
speaking, behold, his brother came and
called him; imbumbulu ite-tapu apa, the
ball landed here.
uku-Tapuka and Tapuluka, v. i. To
come out from a passage or tube : umsi
uyatapuka, the smoke comes out of the
chimney; to smoke.
— Tapukisa, v. To smoke incense or
perfume, as the priest-doctor does to the
people.
n. 4. The reflection
of a big fire or conflagration in the sky ; a
distant flame seen during the night; fig. a
nobleman by birth.
isi-Tata, n. 4. A darling, favourite.
ukuti-Ta-ta, v. i. To move with a hopping
motion; to jump up like a grasshopper.
uku-Tata, contrac. of uku-Tabata.
-— Tatisela, v. To rob a bird's nest; set
i-Nanane.
TA
ubu-Tataka, v. 7. Softness, tenderness,
feebleness, weakness, inactivity, laziness,
indolence : lomutu iibiitataka, this man is lazy.
uku-Tatamba, v. i. To hop or jump about
like a flea or grasshopper; to bound like a
ball ; fig. to escape narrowly.
in-Tatambane, n. 3. Anything that frisks
and frolics about, such as a child or a
kitten.
i-Tatamsha, n. 2. That which is plump,
clumsy.
i-Tatasholo, «. 2. One who is unaccustomed
to active exercise, deficient in energy; an
effeminate person; one who is clumsy in
working, who is timid, having no confidence
in his neighbours.
ubu-Tatasholo, n. 7. Want of confidence or
manliness; effeminacy, softness, cowardice;
weakness of mind.
uku-Tatazela, v. i. To lose one's presence
of mind; cf. iiku-Ntantazela.
um-Tati, w. 6. Sneeze wood, Ptasroxylon
utile E.& Z., whose wood is characterised
by durability and inflammability.
Splinters were used to give light before
candles and lamps were known; the wood
was also used to make primitive hoes for
digging up fields before the days of the
white man. Sneezewood branches are
byrned in sacrifices. Phr. timtat' uzal'
timlota, sneezewood begets smoke, i.e. a
spark may kindle a great conflagration,
ama-Tatiya-nqo, n. 2. pL Doubts: onamata-
tiya-nqo, a nervous weak-kneed man.
uku-TATSHEKA, V. i. To be stiff; fig. not to
be well up in manners; fr. Eng. starch.
Tatu, card. num. Three: zintati'i izinti, the
laths are three ; izinti ezintatii, three laths
izinti zontatu, all three laths.
katatti, adv. thrice: yenza katatu, do it
thrice ; kiitatu, into three : canda kutatii, cut
it into three parts; ngantatu, in threes, by
threes.
isi-Tatu, n. 4. Three as an abstract number:
ishumi elinesitatu, thirteen; imitt elishumi
elinesitatii, thirteen trees ; the third : umhla
zvesitatu, the third day ; vgolwesitatu fsc. usii-
ku), on the third day, on Wednesday;
okivesitatu, the third time or thirdly.
isi-Tauwa, n. 4. A child whose intellectual
powers are not yet developed; a dolt, a
stupid, disobedient person; one who is in-
sane.
um-Tayi, n. 6. Kafir beer made on a large
scale, as at an tintgidi.
T6, perf. of uku-T't, which see.
TE
ili-Te, n. 2. Lust, appetite, concupiscence;
pi. amate, saliva, spittle. Phr. uzekelwe
amate, he was misunderstood, angry;
ivagitiya amate, he swallowed his spittle, i.e.
his mouth watered; amate empukane, fly's
spittle, i.e. fine rain.
ama-T'enyoka, n. 2. pi. lit. snake-spittle.
The larva ofan insect (frog-hopper) which
hides itself under a frothy secretion on
the stems of grass ; cf. Eng. toad-spittle.
i-Tebe, n. 2. The rump of a beast.
isi-Tebe, n. 4. A small, closely woven mat
used as a kind of tray or dish to serve
up meat or other food upon ; hence used by
some for a table : isitcbe se-Nkosi, the Lord's
supper or table; fig. the place where the
people formally meet to discuss their own
affairs; iikwenza isitebe, to state matters in
a rational way without strife.
ama-Tebelele, H. 2. /)/. | Nonsense
isi-Tebelele, «. 4- J ^Nonsense.
uku-Tebeleza, v. t. To chatter nonsense.
uku-Tef a, v. i. To trifle ; to take a thing while
pretending not to desire it.
uku-Tefula, v. i. To be unable to pronounce
consonants; to change sounds by using
their cognates.
i-Teke, «. 2. A soft, wet, soaked thing:
sangamateke, we were drenched, quite wet,
soaked by rain.
i-Teketeke, «. 2. Any soft, jelly-like sub-
stance; the phlegm on affected lungs;
the scrapings of the intestines.
Dimin. iteketekana.
uku-Tekezela, v. i. To be soft, jelly-like.
uku-Teketa, r. i. Of a grown-up person, to
speak with a child like a child;
to speak imperfectly (when one cannot
pronounce / and says kuyungiye for kidungile);
to act like a child; to condescend to
children.
— Teketisa, v. To sport with a young
child by using childish talk; to coax,
dandle, caress a child ; to call by a nick-
name.
um-Teketiswa, n. l. A person delicately
brought up.
um-Teketiso, n. 6. Coaxing, sporting with
a child.
i-Teko, n. 2. A platform, place for public
meeting ; a subject for public discusion ;
a solemn meeting ; calling, station, position,
office.
i-Teko, n. 2. A feast ; plur. the good things
provided at a feast: amateko omtshato, the
good things provided at a marriage.
406
TE
u-Tekwane, ». I. Em. The hammerhead ; =
n-Q'imiigqoshe.
uku-Tela, (a) rel. form of uku-Ta. {h)rel.form
of uku-Ti.
uku-TELEKA, v. t. To keep back ; to retain ;
to keep back a married woman from her
husband till the latter pays what is de-
manded: umfazi utelekiwe, the wife is
detained (by her relations).
u-Teleko, n. 5. The beast paid by a man
whose wife has run back to her father's
place to escape his cruelty, or the cattle
that complete the dowry.
uku-Telekela, v. To keep from, withhold:
ndiyamtelekela umfazi wake, I withhold his
wife from him (till he has paid the dowry).
— Telekelela, v. To observe, reflect, con-
sider, reason, conjecture, suppose, think
about something from certain points of
view; to infer ; to guess at a thing; to be
directed by another; to make a sketch or
outline of a thing.
With the Tembu, it means to be wise,
discreet, reflecting, considerate.
um-Telekeleli, n. i. One who plans,
designs, sketches.
in-Telekelelo, n. 3. Guessing, inferring,
considering, reasoning : umntu onenteleke-
lelo, a thoughtful, wise person.
isi-Telekelelo, n. 4. Sketch, plan, design,
project, scheme.
um-Telekelelo, w. 6. A sign, mark, token.
ubu-Telekelelo, n. 7- Guessing, sketching.
uku-Telekelisa and Telekelelisa, v. To
cause a person to conjecture, guess or
reason, or draw inferences on any subject.
in-Telekeliso, n. 3. and isi-Telekeleliso,
n. 4. An inference, guess.
uku-Telekisa, v. To abet, urge on, coax
(cocks, dogs) to fight; to put on, excite,
instigate to war; to bring in contact with,
to compare (papers, lists) together.
u-Telekiso, n. 5. Urging people on to fight.
uku-Telekisana, v. To compare with one
another; to provoke one another by
comparisons.
uku-TELEKISHA, V. t. To iron, smooth, fr
Du. strijken.
uku-Telela, from uku- Ta. ^
um-Telezi, n. I. One who halts, limps, is
lame.
i-Telezi, «. 2. Slipperiness; fig. to escape
in war or danger : unetelezi, he escaped by
his slipperiness or good fortune.
in-Telezi, n. 3 Wilde capive, Bulbil
TE
asphodeloides Sch., a styptic used for
scrofula. Special use is made of this
medicine by witch doctors in charming
an army before going to war, that it may
escape the enemy's bullets.
ubu-Telezl, «. 7. Smoothness, slipperiness:
lendlela ibutelezi this road is slippery : amen-
yo ahutelezi, the teeth are set on edge.
i-Temba, «. 2. A kind of plant.
uku-T'EMB'A v. t. pass, tenjwa. To hope,
trust, rely on, believe : ndiyamtemha, 1 rely
on him; akuko mntu ukutemhe nganto, no
person trusts you with anything ; nditenjwe
nguye, he trusts in me ; uyazitemba, he trusts
in himself.
um-Tembi, n. I. One who trusts.
i-Temba, n. 2. Hope, trust: itemba alidanisi,
hope does not disappoint.
uku-Tembana, v. To trust each other.
— Tembeka, n. To be in a hopeful state;
to be trustworthy, reliable: umntu otembe-
kileyo, a trustworthy person.
M. 8. Faithfulness, trustworthiness.
in Tembeko, «. 3. Trust.
uku-Tembela, v. To hope for; to trust to
another for help, or some promised good :
nditembela have, I rely on you.
i-Tembelo, n. 2. Anything to trust in.
uku-Tembisa, v. To cause to hope or trust ;
to raise hope by promised help ; to promise
favours or gifts: ndamtembisa inkomo, I
promised him a cow; wazitemhisa, he
cherished hope. adc. tigokungatemb'tsiyo,
hopelessly.
um-Tembisi, n. 1. One who causes to hope.
i-Tembiso, n. 2. Expectation, prospect.
in Tembiso, ti. 3. A promise.
isi-Tembiso, n. 4. Something given in
order to win reliance; something given
as a promise for another; a pledge.
i-Tembela, n. 2. A kind of bird.
in-Tembeliya, n. 3. Tobacco made into flat
cakes.
i-Tembu, «. 2. Sparaxis; a slender-stemmed
plant with crimson, yellow or violet bell-
flowers.
isi-Tembu, w. 4. Polygamy. Each of the
wives of a polygamist whom he marries
after the first is called isitembii, also the
whole company of his wives with the
exception of the first one.
isi-TENA, «. 4. A brick, fr. Du. steen.
uku-Tena, 11. t. To castrate; to prune vines
or trees; to cut off the male flower of the
maize-plant after the cobs are forming (a
kind of charming is done by breathing
upon and throwing away the cut-off
shoots); to put aside; to depose (a chief).
407
TE
i-Tenwa, n. 2. A eunuch.
iim-Tenatane, n. 6. Black-bark, Royena
lucida L.
uku-T'ENDA, v. t. To roll a ball, revolve a
wheel, hoop, etc. : umlenze wcnqwelo uyate-
fidtva, the wheel of tlie wagon is being
turned round.
i-Tende, w. 2. The head, eye or source of
a fountain; fig. itende lohomi, the source
of life.
in-Tenda, n. 3. A.nything circular which
rolls round in moving, as a wheel, hoop,
etc.; fig. iutcnda ycsonka, a round loaf of
bread. Dim. inieiidana.
in-Tende, w. 3. The hollow part of the
palm of the hand, and of the sole of the
foot.
isi-Tende, w. 4. The heel of the human foot.
u-Tende, ;/. 5. Order, succession, arrange-
ment; law or custom by which a place is
ruled.
um-Tende, ;/. 6. A line of light in the sky;
the beams of the morning; a galaxy of
light.
ubun-Tenda, ;/. 7. Roundness.
uku-Tendeka, v. To roll off; fig. to have
fallen in war; to be dead.
— Tendela, v. To shake, reel, wobble.
— Tendeleka, v. To wobble in dancing; to
reel to and fro.
um-Tendeleko, n. 6. A family or social
feast on any special occasion where
victuals or refreshments are spread for
every one: umtendclcko we-Nkosi, is used
by some missionaries for the Lord's
Supper.
uku-Tendeleza, v. t. To cut a thing to a
round form.
in-Tendelezo, w. 3. A fence or wall form-
ing an enclosure; an outer court.
in-Tendele, n. 3. The Grey-winged francolin,
Francolinus afer ^La//w;«y; probably also
applied to the Cape redwing francolin, F.
levaillanti (Vol.).
uku-T'ENQA, v. t. To buy, purchase, barter,
trade: tenga itikiiiii zam, buy my wood; size
kutenga ukudla, we have come to buy food;
koha infnni-nyc othigayo nolengisayo, it shall
be as with the buyer, so with the seller.
Phr. ikiiba litengwa ngokuboniva, lit. a hoe
is bought after being seen, i.e. a pig isn't
bought in a bag. seeing is believing.
um-Tengi, w. I. A buyer.
in-Tengo, n. 3. Buying, selling, purchase,
any mercantile transaction.
uku-Tengeka, v. To be fit for buying or
selling; to fetch a good price.
TE
— T^ngela, v. To buy or sell for another
person, or for a particular purpose : ndi-
tengelc, serve me; nditengde ingtiho, pur-
chase a dress for me ; uyitengele lonto, you
have paid for this articte.
um-Tengeli, n. I. A trafficker.
um-Tengelani, n. l. A customer.
in-Tengelwano, n. 3. Business dealings
with one another.
uku-Tenglsa, v. To cause to buy, i.e. to
sell; to offer for sale; to trade: waya
kuthigisa iigenkomo yake, he went to sell
his cow.
um-Tenglsi, «. i. A seller.
in-Tengiso, ;/. 3. A sale.
uku-Tengisela, v. To trade for; to sell to,
in-Tengu, n. 3. The fork-tailed drongo or
bee-catcher, Dicrurus afer {A Licht.), so
called from its cry tengu, tengu, macetywana,
to which is sometimes added: kazt ukuba
bcHzc-ntoiiina abaidtvana benkosi, Nombande,
I wonder what the children of the chief
have done, Nombande.
Iidengu is credited by the herd-boys with
the power of herding; the boys believe
that the cattle mistake the whistle of the
bird for their own whistle, and so trust to
the bird's assistance, while they sleep or
smoke. Phr. indoda etigenamalusi, inkomo
zayo zaliisiva yintengu, the cattle of the man
who has no herdboy are herded by intengu.
i-Tenjana, «. 2. Dimin. of zVm&a. Little hope.
uku-Tenqa, v. i. To sit like a corpulent
person.
in-Tentemtsa, m. 3. A spoiled, petted child,
cf. uku-Tantamisn .
uku-Tenteta, v. t. To make a deep cut, gash.
uni-Tentsema, «. 6. Cape plane or redwood,
Ochna arborea Burch.
i-TENTYl and in-TENTIVA, n. 3. A tent-wagon,
fr. Du. tentje and tentwagen.
in-Tesha, «. 3. Corpulency.
uku-T'ET'A, V. t. To speak, talk, utter:
zMteta kiiin or nam, he spoke to or with me ;
wateta kubo ngcmizckcUso, he spoke to them
in parables; ndateta iigokupandle, I spoke
freely, openly; nteta ftgokiingajihlisiyo, he
utters all that is in his heart, keeps nothing
back ; abantti baicla bodiva, they spoke with
each other, they conversed ; xvateta pezu
kwani, he reigned over me, commanded me ;
imtela mna, he spoke of or about me ; tdeta
phia, or kitpUinf what do you mean ? M^^to
ngnkupina? of what do you speak; fig.
imantyi ileta ityala, the magistrate or judge
investigates and adjudicates a law-case ;|
TE
utka amamputige, you speak nonsense;
noba iiitet' timoya, ye shall speak into the
air; fig. isfiya siyatela, lit. the vessel
speaks, i.e. shows by its sound that it is
cracked ; umli uyaleta, the tree speaks,
i.e. shows that it is breaking or falling.
Phr. ndingate'a 7tdibckj, or knngahlwa
nditeta, or kiiugisa ndLeta, I could go on
speaking incessantly, there would be no
end of what I could say about it; uhitela
isipendu, to give indirect, evasive answers.
um-T^tl, n. I. One who speaks ; a speaker;
umtiti matyala, a cross questioner.
i-Teta, n. 2. Spokesman, speaker.
in-Teti, n. 3. A fine speaker, an eloquent
person; hence, an orator.
in-Tet6, n. 3. A speech, utterance, declara-
tion, deliverance in words; a proverb:
umntu onteto ziniiizi, a person of many
words, i.e. a person not to be depended
upon; utka ngentetb evakahiyo, he inter-
prets into a language to be understood.
Dim. iiitetwana.
isi-Tete, w. 4. Anything which the present
generation have got from their ancestors;
constitution, custom, habit, etc.; hence,
tradition; fig. the last will; the last words
spoken by the head of a family on his
deathbed, whether referring to the
disposal of his property, or uttered as
advice to the survivors.
isi-Teti, ?/. 4. A good speaker; the orator
of an assembly, who speaks to the chief
for the people.
isi-Tetd, n. 4. A speech; a single com-
mand, order, arrangement, disposition.
um-Tetd, n. 6. Commandment, law, or-
dinance, statute.
uku-Tetateta, v. To babble; to talk
nonsense.
isi-Tetateti, n. 4. A babbler.
uku-Teteka, v. To be describable:
tiigcoba ngovuyo olm/galslekiyo, ye rejoice
with joy unspeakable.
— Tetela, v. (a) To speak for another or
in a certain place: ///:rt./ iJe^i'Li entli-
ziyweni, the word speaks vviihin the
heart; to make a bid at an auction; to
speak about.
Phr. uyitelele eniliJweni, you have
spoken about it at the fire,--said to a child
who reports that a nest he had under
observation has been deserted.
(a) To command (a military ex-
pression): wimtetela vgcliti, he com-
manded him, saying.
B3 4
Instruction.
To be severely reproved,
To help another to speak.
To render mutual help
TE
um-Tetell, w. I. A commander, captain r
unitetdli-kulu, a centurion.
u-Tetelo, n. 5. Order, command.
uku-Tete!ana, v. To speak one for an-
other.
— Tetelela, ^1. To intercede for ; to advo-
cate, plead for another: wazititele!a,he
pleaded his own cause.
um-Tet^Ieli, «. l. An advocate, inter-
cessor: umtetelcli-fandesi, an auctioneer;
umtkeleli-matyala, an attorney-at-law.
u-Tete!elo, «. 5. Intercession, advocacy.
uku-Tetelelana, v. To intercede, etc.,
for each other.
— Tetisa, v. To cause or compel to speak;
to reprove severely, chide, find fault
with ; to scold.
um-Tetisi, n. I. One who reproves or
rebukes.
in-Tetiso, n. 3.
uku Tetiseka,
scolded.
— Tetisisa, v.
— Tetisisana, <
in speaking.
in-Tete, )/. 3. (a) Flying ants and moths;
small insects, as grasshoppers.
(b) The flesh at the back of the upper
part of the thigh.
\i-TQth = iH-Tttc (b).
u-Tetuma, n. 5. A kind of bead.
uku-Teveta, c i. To tattle, talk a great
deal ; to despise what is being offered.
i-Teya, 11. 2. More food than people care to
gather.
uku-Teza, v. t. To chop or break oflf or
collect firewood for fuel, done by
women, who gather it into a heap,
bind it into bundles or faggots, and
carry it home on their heads: siya ku-
teza ehhithii, we are going to the forest for
firewood.
um-Tezi, n. l. One who gathers firewood.
uku-Tezela, v. To gather firewood for
another or in a certain place: ndtya-
mlezela mud, I am gathering fuel for my
mother.
ukuti- Teze, v. i. To be lax, weak, benumbed
after sickness.
um-Tezane, n. 6. Slackness, laxity after
sickness.
Ti, Pers. pron. I p. pi. when used with pre-
pos. or the copula. We: weza kut\, he
came to us; sit\, it is we; yenziwe siti, it
was done by us.
i-Tl, n. 3. Tea, fr. the Eng.
TI
ulu-Tl, contrac. u Ti, «. 5. p\. izlnti. Rod,
stick, wattle, lath for constructing a hut,
s.vitch; fig. the midile of a river; ut'ilwe-
):t:mj, liie hoHo'Ar part of the neck; wam'a-
VI >a !:go:'i l.ve.-iLimo, he caught him by the
nick. Plur. Weapons, = ;V-/i:,7//.
um-Ti. f!. 6. A t:ee,shrab, herb, plant; hence,
nicd'c'.n:, because Kafirs prepare most
m?,ixine fi-on herbs, and, in the plur.,
'•-' ' ' " -'/;////;, give me fruit;
Uni I tUrl 7 1 kilZl
t
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a 1 1 1 1 I I 1 • 1 n It 1 en 3 x l
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'b
TI
4. In its idiomatic use if means " to be or
do as follows, thus, so" and may be
(a) accompanied simply by a guiding move-
ment of the hand: niasiti, let us take (this
path ; ima/ia isitl, it is always doing this (the
action being indicated by the handi; j?>i,
do so lat the same time showing how to do
the thing) ; i/iko/fio site, the cattle took
that direction (indicated by the hand).
{b)foIlowedbvanuninflectedDarticIethat
contc^ins d d.fi nle 1 'ea, iki'i seivmjto
ev5i ss t le e'atioisor fom, \oc=, etc
I he^i, u 11 tc 1 p 1 tic e^ ai e ot p m 1 y
imt)o t 1 iti '•iid> of Kifir, as tbL>
> e loo* \ ) i , tiom V h m p c ^-.
Y ^ h^vo a t>ool y 1 u o d \
) c 1 -I'e, *
0 ci-lto
T '.u^cily
ali^
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Ut tl, CN c>>
( I I •: iC i> I J i
S n la >, M h 1) 1 il s 1
u -> 1 n'l n T i> 'e 11 11 1 i
ir t^m ■) ' -^ 1 ^ V 1 ■>
fit e 1 1 1 I R 1 n ^ S-) , n (.
lb 11 r
1' ^ 1)
tn ^ -. 1 1 I lo \ ) >.
iiT I I ' /' , / I ->'!, Jo'' be lUse it wa
2 1 o ' 1 1 1 1 1 s ,10 n I ' Il I 1 ip)
> I \ o m o 1 1 •• ) 1 1 I L ni ide a
1 , / ; " \A h it do vou
/'), r d ) not th nk an^
til [1 M (, also i)
K, ill
Ml) ; m
I II. I I ] t n tnc
town ci I I 1 n V\ 1 u n > lo vn / mi
kill t> uiii{ii Gollo, tho 1 snail bi. called
Godlo. i
///, tie tin
sh iM h ive .^o le to r in 11
urn n al I'x fn .U ; .
a man be bo 1 1 1 w iil i' 1 11 t ^ i i ,1 i^t,
if 1 h 1 1 n ♦ c 1 It
(1 It IS u d ot u' iht III I t ut
nil d 1 1 ' n t vo i
p IV ' ' ' I 1 ^ led
tii^ n sj 1 I I in III 1 iM
(0 Iti^ i'\a -. il 1 IS m exp'ctivc to
ver.)-, w It n c p p^^ s r ikin , iii-N\veii i^,
pi lyn , wuMi , rcalii^, t tit 1 „ 'id
sucn like Kciis'o a Ui, he si 1 ^osiyin^,
wataudasa watt, he prayed and said ; wateia
TI
kuw, csii'i, he spoke to me saying ; emtetwhii
kuhalhre kwatnva, in the law it is written
and said; waphtdula tvat'i. he answered and
said.
(0 The meaning "to do so" will more
clearly be found in the following sentences:
miite tidesuka, I did so, I arose ; ^rt«iJ/ do it,
let Lis see,, show it! ute-nina ukiiyensa, lit.
what have you done to do it? i.e. how
have you done it; a'tdinakut'iiii, I cannot do
anythincj, I am unable to do anything, i.e.
to help ; HZ u::gjii nakni'i-ni kt'Joimiiii, have
nothing to do with that man; iikuze azitl-
ti i?ia (iukomojf tha.t he may do what with
them (the cattle) ? noknhd kute-nina or iwkubn
sekuti-!!i,\vhrxtever it may be, anyhow, by
all means, on any account; with negatives,
or no accoiiit; ua'.-'Jui utc-ni. whatever
you m: '}-,:;/ in wliut way
or man . ? ihikt'Ki w.nj !i<:::-
!'• - , .\..\-.j.\cv you n;ay <io;
•A hat would you have done.?
r did it happen.? kuli'ii iii-
//■,v;:i ; •'/.' f.',; .','/,';;:;iv< / what is the reason
that you came not, though you were called?
aki'''/i'>-ni, when it happened; nokiiba UJiuitti
ni':-ni, whatsoever the person says, does or
may be ; iiugiitc-ni invito, you do not care ;
for any
like to ]
they \\h
and:
c-;ii yii
'ifiindo, I do not
•idhzi>i lika-Tixo,
c:iie 'or God's word ; n»di-
j ir, do not care for it,
1 it ; ckul'uii, in such
lantpalilu iidaiidiyc
. ,^ . L me the things for
ill such and such a place
y :sifikehi ekut'ini, the i
1 a place ; atUke miia ! Woe
':/ ukid'i !ik:i'u'\i. as soon as
WilKn 1 WOfk'-v;
or way; iinvu'ii
caught us at sue;
to me ! O! udak
I arose.
5. From ukui'i is derived ingati, contracted
to n3:ati, meaning 'it may be (so)', 'it is as
if, 'it seems' ; often used with adverbial
force equivalent to 'like' : vgiti iniia, it seems
tome;77^rt/J lihashe, it looks like a horse;
hehaigai'i akasohize afe, it was so, i.e. he
lived, as if he would never die; sekuiig'ttt
iniliziyo yam ingagqoboka, it seems as if my
heart would break; ndeva seleagatt uvgowam
umd, I felt towards her as if she were my
mother; uciuga ukuba uyakufiha ngoiitso?
— ngat'i, do you think thafhe will arrive
tomorrow? — I think so, lit. it is as it lit is
so).
Njengokungati, conj. As if, as though,
even as if: fijengokungail ebesweV into, as if
he needed anything.
411
Ti
—Tana, v. Of persons or things, to be
mutually related or connected, the kind
of relationship or connection being
determined by an uninflected particle
following : ndatana-mbende iiaye, I followed
him at his heels ; ndatann-rica naye, I was
closely connected with him ; udatdna-piti
nencwjdiycvn, I suddenly lost my book;
ndisataihi-uiandla naye. when I was still
looking at him.
—Teka, v. To come to pass: kzvaleka-nif
what happened, or come to pass? kuleka-
ni .' how went the matter?
—Tela, V. To have a certain disposition
towards, the feeling or disposition being
expressed by an uninflected particle :
ndiyitela-nqa lento, I am astonished at or
about this thing.
uku-Tiba, v. t. To put off, turn; to check;
to restrain from coniimi ; to interfere
with another when speaking and refuse to
listen or to allow another to listen; to
refuse to be influenced by another; to
stifle convictions or feelings; to smother,
deafen.
— Tibana, ;/. 8. Alienation.
— Tibeka, v. To he put off, checked,
restrained.
—Tibela, v. To keep off from ; to keep
alone, turn into another course: cil'ibele
ugapa inkomo, keep the cattle alone on
that side; to put certain points in a
speech here and there.
— Tibelana, v. To keep from each other;
to separate: zlinele inknnzi zivgat\beUni,
keep the bulls alone, that they may not
figh t ; cduuiiii bayat'ibch.vui, = kdlazelaua,
the people complain of each other.
in-Tibane, //. 3. (a) The red-capped lark,
Calandrellacinerea (Gm.).
(b) A kind of bulb eaten by Kafirs in
time of hunger.
ama-Tidaia, n. 2. pi. Waverings of purpose,
doubts, misgivings.
um-Tidili, n. 6. A petticoat.
um-Tika, n. 6. A tail, skirt, long garment;
any part of a garment flying loose, a tail-
coat, frock; hence, a minister of the gospel ;
fig. that which is not understoood properly.
i-TlKINI, n. 3. A mark, target; fr. Du. teken.
um-TlKlTO, n. I. pi. ama. One who in the
Kafir war of 1878 was registered as loyal
by a ticket, and who was regarded by the
war-party as a coward ; fr. Eng. ticket.
uku-Tikiza, v. i. Of a dying person, to
move or breathe yet a little; of flesh, to
quiver after slaughtering.
TI
i-Tikizo, w. 2. An inkling or faint touch;
the last breath or movement of a dying
person; fig. imintelligibility.
isi-Tilatila, «. 4. One who goes or roams
about without success.
uku-Tilata, v. i. To be idle; to run about
without an aim; to tramp about in one
Tile, perhaps the />.''/. ie,':sL' of nku-T'i, used
as adj. A certain: //./<? et'ilc, a certain
thing ; iiin/itii oi'ilc, a certain person.
u Tile, H. I. A certain person: ungot'ile, he
is something.
ama-Tiletile, n. 2. pi. Certain things or
ceremonies.
ulwa-'Iile, n. 5. plur. izai'ile. Horsewood,
see n'li'-At'.'.c.
uku-Ti.:.ri:i3iiA, v. t. To iron clothes, fr.
Diu sti:,k.n.
u-TilcSije, II I. One who pretends to be
great; al-^o — H-Ti/^.
i-Tili, «. 2. An improper, indecent remark.
in-Tili, ;;. 3. A flat suip of country on the
ininicdiatfc banks of a river and situated
near its level, suitable for cultivation;
meadow or alluvial land; tongue of land,
peninsula.
isi-Tili, n. 4. A part of the country where
many people live; a district, division,
conlituency.
uku-Tilfza, v. t. To take down (the thatch
from a roo . f. /. Of love, to moderate,
subside, become cold.
— Tillzeka, v. To be taken down or to
be fa' ling off.
in-T;mba, w. 3. The sil.er-fish.
uku-T'IMB'A, V. I. pass, ukntlajiva. To bring
into submisiion; to take captive, take spoil
in war; to capture: aliud-d:auahabet'uijkve
yimpi, the children had been captured by
the enemy. Phr. tiktU'iii.la timoyii, to get
people to exp-.ers their opinions on a
matter without letting them know one's
own interest in it.
V. i. To resist; m?ke a defence, as a
dog when attacked; of cattle, to poke.
um-Timbi, ?;. I. One who takes spoil in
war.
um-Tinjwa, ?;. I. One who has been
taken captive in war.
in-Timb6, n. 3. Captivity.
um-Timba, w. 6. and dimin. um-Tin|ana,
A company of young girls, espec. those
who accompany a bride to her marriage;
girls (collectively) : amakaba (or umlisela)
nomt'nijana, young men and maidens.
41
tl
uku-Timbela, v. To drive spoil to one,
or take it from one.
— Timbisa, v. To help or assist in
carrying away spoil; to help to resist,
attack, harass the robbers who are
driving away spoil till assistance arrives,
ukuti-Timbilili, v. i. To recover from
fainting or a fit; to free or disengage one-
self.
uku-TiinIa, (tumhi) v. i. To sneeze.
Tina, pron. ei/ipJuit., I p. pi. We, the self-
same : t'uia sihh'li kakiilile, as regards us, we
live peaceably; bosibnlala tiiia, they will
kill us.
um-Tina, ;/. I. pi. omt'ina. Tina homtina, i.e.
tlna bantu, we people.
ukuti-Tinga and uku-Tingaza, v. i. To be
in doubt, perplexed, mystified; to hesitate
in performing some action: ndite-tuiga, I
am mystilied.
ama-Tlngatinga, n. 2. pi. Doubts, scruples,
etc. ; — ama-Ngatwgat\.
isi-Tingatinga, 11. 4. Perplexity, embar-
rassment of mind: wasesiihigaiingcm iva-
kolikva ukuba angenza tigdkup'iiia, he was
perplexed and knew not what to do.
uku-Tingatingaza, v. To be perplexed,
embarrassed.
in-Tini, v. 3. The Cape otter, Aonyx
capensls (Schinz.).
u-Tiniko, it. 5. That which is hard and
does not bend; a stiff back.
um-Tinjana and um-Tinjwa. See uku'
T'niiba.
uku-TiNTA, V, t. To hinder, obstruct,
intercept, v. i. To cough a little.
um-Tinto, n. 6. Sweet milk which has
been put aside to form cream, and which
grown up people may not drink; the
cream is used for smearing thongs, and
rubbing on the cracked teats of cows.
uku-Tinteka, v. To be intercepted, etc.:
julil'intekile apo bendisiya koiia, I received
a warning not to go w here I intended to
go.
— Tintela, v. To keep back for, on
account of; to go before a person and
keep him back from going farther; to
intercept for or on account of; to hinder
from further action; to dam up water;
to cut off an army. v. i. Not to speak out;
not to express one's meaning; to be
mum; to guard one's own word.
in-Tintelo, «. 3 and isi-Tintelo, n. 4.
Hindrance, obstruction.
tf
u-Tintelo, n. 5- Keeping water off by a
dyke ; interrupting, stopping,
uku-Tinteleka, v.
structed.
To be hindered, ob- ;
Impediment, obstacle.
To hesitate, delay; to '
isi-Tinte!eko,
hesitation.
uku-Tlntfliza,
be tardy. I
uku-Tintfta, v. i. To strike with the tongue I
against; tQ stutter, stammer.
uku-Tintiza. v. i. To be unsettled; to waver
in opinion and purpose.
i-Tinzi, «. 2. Shadow, any dark object; a
shade or ghost.
isi-Tinzi, n. 4. The lower lobe of the ear;
fig. bad thoughts or inspirations.
um-Tinzi, Shade, &xz.;-u)ii-Tiii!zi.
ukuti-Tipu, i;. /. To try to catch.
uka-Titinisha, v. i. To mix poison in some
thing, as is done by a witch-doctor.
uku-Titiza, v. i. To try to say something,
but be unable to bring it out; to stammer,
stutter; fig. to doubt, hesitate.
u-Tixo, n. I. God.
isi-rixa, ;/. 4. An idol.
ubu-Tixo, n. 7. Godhead.
u-Tiya, n. I. Maize.
isi-TlYA, «. 4. A small garden, esp. a maize
garden ; fr. Du. tuin.
uku-Tiya, r. t. To say, i.e. bestow, a name:
uhitiya igama, to give a name; wawut'iya
lomzi r.gcgama lake, he named the city after
himself.
uku-T'lYA, V. t. (a) To entrap, ensnare in a
loop placed in an opening or gap in a fence ;
fig. to way-lay, lie in ambush for. (b) To
hate, thwart, detest: benzeleni okuhaigileyo
abo banitlynyo, do good to them that hate
you; tidabona tikuba ndit'iyiwe, I saw that I
was hated.
um-Tiyi, n, I. One who hates.
i-Tiya, n. 2. One who ensnares birds and
game, who understands the art particular-
ly well ; a bird-catcher.
in-Tiyo, n. 3. Ambush; hate.
isi-Tiyo, n. 4. Anything tor ensnaring.
u-Tiyo, n. 5. Ensnaring, catching, hating,
hatred.
uku-Tiyana, v. To try to ensnare one
another; to hate each other; to be
alienated from.
in-Tiyano, n. 3. Hatred towards each other.
u-Tiyano, n. 5. Hating each other.
TI
— Tiyela, v. To entrap, ensnare, catch
birds or game.
um-Tiyeli, n. i. A fowler, trapper.
in-Tiyelo, n. 3. Snare, trap, plot; fig. the
p;ace where uk-itiyi is performed.
ul'iyelo, 11. 5. Ambu-h, waylaying, catch-
1^1; . Ti^;sa, v. T ^ ' ' ■ :^i-
U}:.\i Iadi, h.- ni_;.. , ■ 10 me.
urn Tiza, /;. 6. Umtlza U^iteri-na Sim, a tree
not known at present outsicie of the Buffalo
river area.
in-T!ara, n. 3. The red flower of the aloe
tree; eyyiHabj, the rionth of July ; ci. nm-
in-TIaba, n. 3. Aheap o''grL:"n on the thresh-
ing-floor not yet winnowed.
in-Tlaba-mkosi, «. 3. Ir. uku-Hlaha. War-
cry.
in-TIabati, «. 3. Sand; cf. i-Hh:ha:].
ubun-Tlabati, //. 7. Sandiness: i>uo e'^uulL:-
bat't, a sandy thing.
in-Tlabeli, n. 3. A preccntoi;- uin-II! a' eJL
in-Tlabelo, ft. 3. homuku-Hlahela. (a) A: on?,
piece of music, (b) The first spe.tkjr at a
meeting; fig. the footmarks of game in the
bui;h.
in-Tlabo, n. 3. from uhi-Hlaba. Any instru-
ment for piercing with; a chisel, an awl.
in-Tlafantlafa, lu 3. Juicy, lean meat.
in-Tlafuno, «. 3. from tihi-Hiafuna. The
muscle which moves the jaw in chewing.
in Tlahla, n. 3. from uku-HlahJa. The fresh
bloom of youth; fine country or bush;
brushwood, twigs, topping of a tree.
in-TIahlela, n. 3. from iiku-HlahleJa. First-
fruit; a principal one by birth; a great
genius; a distinguished, excellent person.
in Tlaka, «. 3. Gum that exudes from the
mimosa ; = i-Niink'i.
in-Tlakazo. n. 3. from nhi-HJiik-za. Reveal-
ing, divulging, scattering, dispersing.
m-TIakohlaza, k. 3. The Spring season of
the year.
in-Tlakotshane, n. 3. Maesa alnifolia Harv.
a dwarf shrub, bearing small berries re-
sembling those of the um-HIakoti ; see also
i-Ntlakotshane.
in-Tiakotshan'ebomvu, //. 3. A tree, Rhus
lucida L.
in-Tlakulo, n. 3. from nkn-Hlakula. The
act of working with a spade or hoe.
uku-Tiyeka, v. To be capable of being in-TIala, n. 3. The udder; the soft (false)
ensnared; to be hateful: nmntu otiyekileyo, ribs; the lower part of the lungs; the soft
a hateful person. ' bone beneath the shoulder.
TL TL
in-Tlalo, //. 3. {romukii-Hlala. The period ' in-Tlaninge, n. 3. Abundance, plenty
of staying or remaining at any place; fig,
mani^er of living: intlalo yam, my usual
custom or way (of speaking, etc.); condition,
state, situation.
in-Tlaluntlalu, /^ 3. from u-Hlalu, gravel.
That which feels or looks or tastes as if it
had small particles of gravel ; iience,
weakness of the eyes in sickness.
in-Tlalutye, //. 3. Iron-stone, gravel ; = H-
in-Tlama, v. 3. Yeast for making beer,
dough for making bread; maize or Kafir
(of corn); a great number: abautu baiithuii-
nge, the people are many.
in-Tlanti, Plur. of iihu HIaiiti.
u TJantlali, //. 5. A continually active,
diligent person.
in-Tlanto, //. 3. That which is plentiful but
not desired or sought after.
in-TlantsI, h. 3. A spark.
in-Tlanza-mbiiini. ;/. 3. from uku-Hlaiiza.
A bastard born of a chief's widow.
in-Tlanzi, n. 3. from uku-HI'inza. Generic
name for fish, which were not eaten in
corn ground wet ; fig. inkomo iiyebe yayintla- \ °''^^" ^'"""^^ ^'
Kafirs.
ina, the cow was very fat.
in-Tlamba, u. 3. from uku-Hlamba. A
scolding, or a scolding, fault-finding per-
son: iidamhlalela tigeiiiht>uba, I scolded him.
in Tlambi, w. 3. from uku-Hlamba. An e.x
cellent swimmer.
in-TIamb6, «. 3. A valley ; ^ um-Hlambd.
in-Tlambuiulo. n. 3. from ukH-Hlariibulula.
A cleansing bath.
in-Tlamo. ;/. 3. An ornament, especially a
present given with the view of getting a
better one in return.
Pondo. A beast selected from among
the dowry cattle for slaughtering on their
arrival at the home on the bride's parents.
in-Tlandlolo, n. 3. The occurence of a
matter for the first time; loc. with adr.
meaning : for the first time, formerly.
iii-Tianga, Plur. of u-Hianga.
in-Tlanga, Plur. of u-Hldnga.
in-TIanganisela, w. 3. from ukii-Hlangaiia.
A gathering together.
in-T!anganiso and in-Tlanganiswano, n.
3. from nkn-Hlangana. A congregation
of people; an assembly, a meeting.
in-Tlangaiio, n. 3.. Joining, agreement; see
under nkn-IIIangana.
in-Tlango, n. 3. (a) Waste, uninhabited,
sandy land; a wilderness; locat. eitthvigo,
in the wilderness. (b) Honey-comb:
iiithvigo zobiisi, the cells of the honey-comb,
(c) A green snake without spots, living
among rushes, etc., beside rivers,
in-Tlangu, ;/. 3. (a) The reed-buck, Cervica-
pi a arundinum (Bodd.). Phr. yintlangu nenja-
kazi, it's the reedbuck and the bitch, said of
people or things which exactly fit each
other, (b) A poisonous, dark-brown snake
with light stripes.
in-TIangulo, v. 3. from ukii-Hlangula.
The activity of bees in gathering honey j
from flowers. 1
414
3. from uku-HIaiiza. An
in-Tlanziso,
emetic.
in-Tlanzo, «. 3. from likii-HIanza. Vomiting,
in TIasela, h. 3. from iiku-HJasela. The act
of borrowing or taking something in the
absence of the owner and tolling him
afterwards.
in-Tlatiokwane, v. i. - i-Nthitlnkimuc'.
inTlatu, u. 3. from uk.H'-HIaia. Corn
growing too densely from having been
sown too thickly.
in-T!atywa, 11. 3. A long-bodied, sliort-leg-
ged person.
in-Tlaulelo, 11. 3. from iikii-Hi'aula. A fine
or ransom paid for another.
in-TIauliso, ;/. 3. from uk:i fllaula. The
act of causing payment.
in-Tlaulo, )t. 3. from ukn HIatda. Payment,
recompense, remuneration.
in TIava, v. 3. A grub which eats its way
through the stalks of maize or sweet cane
cf. isi-Hlava.
in-Tlaza, ;/. 3. Corn not quite ripe; cf.
u-Hlaza.
in-Tlazane, n. 3. The grazing of cattle
before the morning milking; the pause or
interval between the hours of learning,
when the children are outside the school ;
playtime, recess, lunch-time.
in-Tlazeko, w. 3. from uk-.i-IIlazeka. Sharne,
reproach.
in-Tlazisa, «. 3. from uku-Hlazisa. Expo-
sing the fault of another.
in-Tlebendwane and in-Tlebo, n. 3. from
ukii-Hlcba. Slander, calumny.
in-Tlebi, ;/. 3. from ukii-HleNi. A slanderer,
backbiter.
in-TIek'abafazl, w. 3. lit. the one that laughs
at the women. The Short-tailed Wood-
hoopoe, Irrisor erythrorynchos viridis
(Lichl). a bird that forces itself into notice
by its laughing cry, accompanied by
grotesque gesticulations.
TL
in-TIekehlekie, //. 3. The state of being
completely tired.
in-Tlekele, n. 3. Wi%ior\.\in>i: yehl'intlekele!
what a disaster!
in-TIekentleke, ti. 3. That which is torn
• or ravelled out at the border.
in-Tleki, n. 3. from uhi-Hleka.
• laughs in derision.
in-Tlekisa, n. 3. from uhi-Hlekisa. A
laughing-stock.
in-Tlelelwane, n. 3,
in-T!elemu, ?;. 3.
Kafi-'
in-Tlc'.-
out,
arrangciUL,UL, i^l.^y
in-Tlenga
dregs or
in-rieng.'1
South.
in-Tl:r
Th.
Twilight, dusk.
Sediment or dregs
-ting
The picking
in order;
The last
in-TlikJhIo,
f.-ora uk.i^IL
ir.t or Kafir-beer.
. 3. Co'd wind from the
> from uku-Hlciigezehi.
diseased cattle.
-V ur,\-tui-e of beer and
■ Hnkihla. The
Reduplicated plur.
cinds.
which is agreeable,
in-Tlintiyoya, //. 3. A plover.
in-TIis?, /,■. 3. from uki-hlLu The letting or
coming down ; the fall of a river.
in-TIiziyo, ;/. 3. The physical heart of man
<^^ •:'M^^ ^,- h,-;r,- . : ' •:po-,i tiOH : illtUziyO
Jiifd vitUziyo, I
/,//?■; or imdaka,
my nja -L ;:; i.a ! or au:y, i.e. I am down-
hearted, miserable.
in-Tlobontlobo, //. 5./»/.
of u-Hlobo. Different :
in-T!ohIe, u. 3. That
pleasant.
in-Tloko, ;/. 3. The head of a man or
animal: iidinentloko. I have headache;
akaiumtloko, he has no head, i.e. he is stupid,
silly; iiitloko yoke itambile. his head is soft, i.e.
impressionable ; iikupc'ila iniloko vgcsatidla,
to carry the head in the hand, i.e. to be
rash.
The head or chief isf the people: aba
. ziulloko zaba'du, these are the heads of the
people; the prominent, chief, principal
point of a subject; the beginning of a
matter: intloko yezinto zoiike iphia? which is
the chief of all things? kwasentloko, from
TL
the very first; ndiya kubekela entloko, I shall
aim at the chief matter, speak to the point,
strike the nail on the head.
adv. rigentloko, O/erhead.
aman-TIoko, n. 2. pi. The upper part of
a valley, at the source of the river.
One who in-Tlokoma, n. 3. from uku-Hlokotiij. A
loud noise, as of people shouting.
in-Tlokululo, «. 3. The stuff which is used
for clarifying beer.
in-Tlola, n. 3. from uku-H tola. A scout; an
inspector, field-cornet.
in-TloIela, ;/. 3. from ukii-Hlola. One who
spies out. Phr. nyintlolela yombini, he is a
spy for both, i.e. he is a tale-bearer.
in-Tlolelo, //. 3. from uku-Hlola. The agree-
ment made by a father for the marriage
of his daughter.
in-Tlomb^, n. 3. An evening or night party,
accompanied by music and dancing with
handclapping and contortions of the body,
usually held on moonlight nights; cf.
i-Hlomhe.
in-Tlomo, 11. 3. A projecting part of a
mountain or forest; the uttermost bound-
ary or out A-ard limit of a piece of bush, etc.
in-TIondi, //. 3. Bad customs or habits; the
unclean wickedness or lewdness of young
people.
in-Tloni, n. 3. from uhi-Hlona. (a) Bashful-
ness. shyness, (b) The South African
hedgehog.
in-TIonipd, u. 3. The /iloiiipa-cusiom of
married women; see ukii-Hlonpa.
in-Tlontla, ti. 3. The side of the liead
running back from the temple to the hair,
hence a projecting forehead; growth of the
hair when it does not grow symmetrically,
but hangs shaggily round the head; an
opening into the forest; a promontory,
cape; fig. advance, course, progress.
in-Tlonze, w. 3. A piece of a dried skin of
an animal long since slaughtered; leather;
fig. into eyintlonze, a superior, excellent
thing; a clue, evidence of guilt: ipi intlonzc,
produce the evidence.
in-Tlosa, n. 3. Em. Parched green corn or
Kafircorn.
in-T!otshazana, n. 3. from MA/oM white.
A young female animal white in colour or
almost so.
in-Tloya, 71. 3. Whey of milk. Phr. ^;///x-
ngeutloya ehlahlekayo, there is no difference ;
ilizivi lako laliva knhlal 1 intloyn, your word
would bring something worth hearing or
knowing.
415
TL
in-Tlukano, n. 3. The muscle on the ribs. ,
in-Tlukuhla. 11. 3. from uku-HJiikuhla.]
The prelection of the lower stOTr,ach when I
a li'.i:-.;:j b;;'ilock is tom open ; llie fat on j
the liver wh'ch aj.pcars fir^t in this proces.3
and is used to appease the departed
ancestors.
in-Thimaya and in-Tluma>o, «. 3. The
Kafir bean.
in-Tlumelo, n. 3. from uki-Hluimi. A
young sproat from an old shoot.
in-Tlumo, n. 3. from uku-Hliima. Growth.
in-Tlungu, n. 3. Pain, bodily suffering; cf.
ubii-Hlm'gii.
in-Tlungu-nyembe, n. 3. The poison-bush,
Acocanthera venenata G. Dan., used by
Bushmen for arrow-noi-on, and by Kafirs
for redwater and bnakeLite.
in-Tlungwa. w. 3. That which the owner
esteems highly.
in-Tlupa, n. 3. Liquor aninii.
in-Tluta, n. 3. from nku-Ul.ita. Sufficiency.
in-Tlu/.entluze, n . ■^.=^i'N!u:.rftllH:e.
in-Tluzo, ti. 3. horn ukU'H'.n^.d. A sieve or
filter; the res;d;:e that remains from sifting
or filterin::; sediment, dref.:s.
in-Tiwa, n. 3. A winyed termite.
in-Tlwaya, //. 3. A present of corn for the
rain-muker; cf. uvi-Hlio :\tIo.
in-Tlwayelelo, n. 3. from iiku-Hlwjye.'a.
bar; made of rushe
in-1 Iwa> tlo, n. 3.
corn.
in-To, n. 3- A th
sen.se, beia ,
well as to ':
the son of ;
versation) ; <.■'..."
ttn'tu), he
being, i.e. h
e/ii.'ci y.:kM:i\!.
yiiito-r:v;,i / or
the matiei ? Ici
I am s;'.eakin,i
iig.iyo. the re.'.l
i-Hh^.i
A
, seed.
,7.:. Seed-
not ;
a gic.it I row'i DCi.e.e.
■iiiantmr.ua kol^^if what
r iidiicta yoiia, the subjci
of; eyona /i(o l>i!hi'p''rs!ifi
mivter about wh'ch the
hedc- - ;■
any i;npo. t n e, ;,e. ;
vto, it may not be so,
thing.
Phr. u'lenij, she ha;
with child; /',.:.■..."
th'n:.i, i.e. he te..s
thine; of the eycLS i.e.
nliuiiigcnto ! good-for-nothing !
or it may not be any-
-o'.Tse'.hing, i.e. she is
, e/, he has many
•i.e; into yaniehlo, a
a show or spectacle ;
Dimin. intwana, a little thing, a small bit;
intwana>!t-x'a'ia, the smallest thing.
Into preceded by the Demonst. le is also used
instead of uk da, that, denoting the effect
of \ • : :cc iziive "(juwe lento ano-
/m: ^: j\n^^ that he is angry;
le \> : at he went away; lento
uLiiivo (i,-/i;..!u-:a':gi; lum, that my father did
not epeak with me.
isi-Td, n. 4. (a) The calf of the human leg.
(b) The whole leg of an animal: isinw
ezizito zine, quadrupeds ; beka izito, put
down the legs, be steady; don't be in a
hurry; qinisa izito, go steadily, firmly, do
njt totter.
Phr. ukuqasha izito, to go and find the
cattle still necessary tor the ikazi.
u1u-T6, n. S. = in To, used mostly in negative:
akatetanga Into, he did not speak anything,
i.e. he spoke nothing; asilulo, it is noth-
ing, of no consequence; dim. iitwana,
um-'r6, ti. 6. An aromatic shrub.
ubun-To, w. 7. The quality of independent
existence ; the peculiarity by which one
thing differs from another: ababeduma
ngohunto, who were reputed to be some-
thin;^.
uku-T'OBA, V. t. and i. pass, iihitotywa.
To bend down, bow down, lower, subdue,
depress, humble: usitdbUr, he has bent
himself, i.e. he has submitted; to bend,
stoop: tobj X!i u'lgenayo endiwini, stoop
down when you go into the hut; iliso litoba,
the eye closing in looking eagerly or when
the glare of the sun is too strong ; to
reduce a swelling by fomentation.
u-Tob'iratshi, ». l. lit. the bringer down
of pride. Rinderpe-~t.
i-T6ba, ;/. 2. A per.-on with peculiar eyes,
ha-, ing one e\e s'igltt'y lower than the
other, or wiio is in the habit of closing
one eye.
i-T6ba, n. 2. Nine as an abstract number
(shown by the fingers of both hands, the
little finger of the ri^^ht hand being bent
down ; amuJoJa aliiuba, nine men.
isi-T6ba, ;/, 4. Nine as an abstract
number: ishunii elinesitoba, nineteen;
inyu'ig:! eziii^u'ii, nine months; amadoda
asitoba, nine men; sip'ina isitoba? where
are the nine? The ninth : inyang; yesitoba,
the ninth month.
uku-T6beka, v. To be meek, humble,
lowly, submissive: intliziyo etobekileyo,
a humble heart.
416
TO
«. 8. Humility, self-abasement: uku-
iobeka kwentliziyo, humility of mind or
heart.
in-Tobeko, n. 3. Humility, meekness.
uku-T6beIa, v. To bow or incline towards;
to be submissive to : to obey : watobeleni
indlebe amazwi am, incline your ears to
my words; sizitobela ububi, we bow
under misfortune; sitolyelua imbandeze-
lo ngu-Tixo, we are bowed down under
sufferings by God ; nditobele pantsi kwake,
I am submissive to him; basitobela ebuko-
bokeni, they brought us into bondage.
— T6belana, v. To be submissive to one
another.
— Tdbisa, v. To humble, subdue, bend.
um-T6bisi, n. I. One who humbles; fig.
death.
The house-cricket, - i-
3.
2. Dimin. of i-Tole.
little, as a chicken:
Some-
a little
Dim. of isi-Tole. A young
in-Tobole, >
Nyenzane.
i-T6dlana, «.
thing small,
calf.
i-T6dlane, n.
plant.
uku-TOFA, V. t. To inoculate; fr. Du. stof.
isi-ToFU, n. 4. Lymph, vaccine.
Tofotofo, adj. Soft to the touch, as a swel-
ling: ingiibo ezitofotofo, soft garments; iziqa-
mo ezitofotofo, ripe fruit.
ubu-Tofotofo, H. 7. Softness.
i-T6kazi, n. 2. from i-Tole. A heifer;
itokazi lenkuku, a young hen. Dim. itokazana.
isi-T6kazana, n. 4. A large number of
heifers.
in-Tokazi, (Em. in-Tokazi) n. 3. from in-To.
A woman, without reference to her being
a widow or otherwise, used in familiar
conversation.
uku-Tdkomba, v. i. To hang down the
head ; to sit drowsily.
— Tdkombisa, v. To cause the head to
hang down: uyitokontbise iniloko, zvanga
ulisela, he held down his head, as if he
were a thief.
isi-T6kot6ko, n. 4. and ubu-Tdkotdko, n. 7.
Darkness, gloominess; fig. wickedness.
uku-T6koza, v. i. To be glad, = uku-Takazelci.
iiku-T6kuluIa, v. i. To lengthen, widen,
enlarge.
i-Toia, n. 2. A rainmaker, soothsayer; one
who regulates the conduct of war and
practices iikti-Kaftila ; fem. itolakazi.
uku-Tola, V. t. To shoot an arrow from a
bow ; see i-Xama.
C3 417
TO
um-ToH, n. I. and in-ToIi, v. 3. An archer.
in-Tola, n. 3. A spike.
u-Tolo, n. 5. An arrow. Boys fit the
points of their arrows with a piece of
barbed ironwood or sneezewood or with
a piece of tin (igcwilika). They use
arrows for shooting mice ; they prepare
the way beforehand by baiting the
ground with pumpkin seeds; they then lie
in wait and shoot into the mouse, which
is then skinned and eaten.
uku-T6la, V. t. To pick up from the ground,
lift up light things : nditole into endleleni, I
found something on the road; cf. uku-Cola.
i-TOLE, n. 3. A silk hat, fr. Eng. tall.
i-T6le, n. 2. A calf after the horns have
appeared; the young of other animals:
i- TbV iduna, a bull-calf, fig. one going to
court. Plur. amatole, interest on money lent.
Phr. uzifaV amatole, he departs to another
chief or another dwelling place ; itolc lika-
Joni, euphem. a bastard child of an Eng-
lish soldier; matbV esagwityi, lit. young
quails, i.e. a scattering, as the young quails
fly off in all di\x&z\\ox\%,-=im-Pangalasane.
isi-T6le, n. 4. A young plant.
Phr. sisitble esirumdwe zibokwe, it is a young
plant mutilated by the goats, the Pondo
taunt referring to a circumcised man.
With this, contrast the Kafir taunt given
under im-Bovane.
uku-ToLIKA, V. i. To interpret, fr. Du. tolk,
an interpreter.
i-TOLIKE, n. 3. An interpreter.
i Tolo, «. 2. A man belonging to the same
family as another.
um-T6lo, K. 6. A dwarf form of the cat-
thorn. Acacia caffra Willd.
i-TOLOFIYA, «. 3. The prickly pear ; fr. Du.
turks vyg.
i-T6lolotshane, n. 2. A person who speaks
at random; one who cannot keep a secret
but must blab it out.
in-ToIolwane, n. 3. Em. in-Tolwane. A kind
of plant.
in-TOLONGO, n. 3. A prison, fr. Du. tronk.
uku-T6niakalala, |
-T6nnialala, J
satisfied, quieted, pleased, by the coaxing
or persuasion of another.
— T6tnalalisa, v. To please, satisfy,
persuade, allure, attract : nokuba ite yava-
kala lento kwiruluneli, soyitdmalaUsa, and
if this comes to the governor's ear, we
will persuade him; to lead one to enter-
tain hopes which will not be realized;
to hush by vain promises.
To be pacified,
TO TO
uku-T'OMB'A, V. i. To put forth shoots; to isi-T6ino, n. 4. Outline, likeness, figure.
sprout, bud; of a girl, to menstruate
for the first time, the occurrence of
which is signified by the girl's being smear-
ed with red clay. To enter the intonjane :
lento iikutomba kumankazana liqayiya, ibongo
eli kwafatia nokwenda, the entering of a
girl upon the intonjane-rites causes as much
joy as her entering on marriage.
i-T6mb6, n. 2. (a) A flux of the blood,
strong and continued, (b) A small fount-
ain, e.g. where after rain water wells up
through a mole's hole in a house or field;
a marsh.
in-Tombi, n. 3. A girl, maid, virgin; a
daughter. Dim. intombazana, n. 3. plur.
amantomhazana.
in-Tombi yenkewu, n. 3. A Kafir-melon.
in-Tombi entsundu, n. 3. A black bottle
with brandy.
in Tombi yelitye, n. 3. A small, dark
rock-fish.
isi-T6mb6, n. 4. The sprouting germ; the
chit or sprout of corn when under the
process of malting, previous to the drying
process : amazimba azitombo, the Kafircorn
is shooting up from the ground (the first
stage of growth) ; malt.
um-T6mbd, «. 6. A fountain or spring
of water; dimin. utntonjana, a small
fountain, plur. Malt.
ubun-T6mbi, n. 7. State of virginity,
maidenhood, girlhood.
uku-Tdmbisa, v. To bring an offering
for the first menses. (The blood is put
away in the house for the imi-Nyanya).
um-Tdmbe, n. 6. The wild fig, Ficus nata-
lensis Hochst.
in-Tombila, n. 3. used as adj. Em. Red, as
blood; soft, as silk.
isi-Tombdti, n. 4. Acalypha glabrata Mull.
um-Tdmb6ti, n. 6. Sandalwood, Excoecaria
africana Mull, with hard, scented wood,
used as a perfume, pieces of which are worn
on a string round the neck. The wood is
slightly burned and then put to the nose to
relieve headache ; it is also used to remove
pimples from the faces of children. Its sap
is poisonous; if it enters the eye it causes
painful inflammation and afterwards blind-
ness; the least green splint running into
the flesh causes most dangerous sores.
in-Tomb6tshane, «. 3. A kind of aromatic
shrub.
stature: ngohiba indoda ngesitomo imfutsha-
ne, because the man was little of stature;
image carved in wood, or moulded in clay,
or printed; a doll, puppet.
i-T6mololo, n. 2. used also as adj. A quiet,
well-behaved amiable person ; a nice-look-
ing thing.
ubu-T6mvI, «. 7. Doubt, restraint, hind-
rance, check.
in-Tondo, n. 3. A temporary shed, roofing,
verandah.
isi-Tdndo, w. 4. The stretched penis of
cattle or horses.
um-T6ndo, n. 6. (a) Penis maris, euphemis.
tically spoken of by the women as ttm-
Nqate. (b) Urine, (c) Issue: iimtdndo
wenkosi, the issue of a chief; inkomo inotnto-
ndo, the cow commences to be in calf;
dim. umtondivana, the tongi't; of a buckle.
in-Tonga, n. 3. A stick used as a weapon of
assault or defence, hence, a weapon; fig.
inionga yakomkulu, the witchdoctor of the
chief or nation; intong' esekosi, confidence
in each other, especially in brothers and
relations. Phr. ndibcke intonga kiiye, I have
implicit confidence in him; iiitotiga ziwile,
the weapons have fallen, i.e. the chief is
dying, our strength is gone ; timntu ongena-
ntonga, one who has no weapons, i.e. one
who does not fight.
in-Tongazana, «. 3. Tool, instrument.
isi-Tdnga, n. 4. The report of a gun ; sound
caused by an explosion, concussion or
thunder.
uku-T6nga, v. i. To be in a trance ; to dream.
i-T6ngo, «. 2. Trance; nocturnal vision,
dream.
i-Tdngofa, n. 2. A sleepy person; one
indulging in sleep.
in-Tongo, n. 3. The gummy matter which
exudes from the eyes during sleep.
ubu-T6ngo, n. 7. Sleep, drowsiness, weari-
ness, fatigue; ukulala ubutongo, to fall or
be asleep; ndipetwi bulongo, I am over-
come by sleep.
i-T6ngoti, 71. 2. used as adj. Looking fresh,
strong, vigorous.
um-T6ngoti, n. 6. The Kafir cherry. Gar-
denia neuberia E. afid Z.
isi-T6ngot6ngo, «. 4- A dark, threatening
appearance: izulu lisitdiigotdngo, the sky is
threatening in appearance.
in-Tonjane, n. 3. from uku-Tomba. (a) A
heathen custom of a very lascivious charac-
ter, in which public rejoicings and indecent
418
TO
dances take place in celebration of a girl's
having arrived at the age of puberty, (b) A
larval insect that encases itself in a tube
made of pieces of grass, and lives among
the grass. It is considered poisonous.
uku-Tonka, v. t. To sow a garden sparingly.
ukuti-Tonono, v. i. To go forward in a
straight line: yiti-tonotw, proceed onward,
straight before you.
uku-Tontelana, v. To come together ; = m^z^-
Ntontelana.
uku-Tontisa, v. t. Em. To sow sparingly.
i-Tdnto, n. 2. = i-Teko. (a) A solemn gather-
ing at ukw-Aluka and in-Tonjane, and at
marriages of chiefs and councillors' sons;
pi. plenty, abundance, (b) A small enclosure
containing two euphorbia trees, indicating
that twins have been born at the adjoining
kraal.
uku-T6ntsa, v. i. To drip; to fall in drops
(within or from a house).
i-T6ntsi, n. 2. A drop; fig. a tear. Phr.
wod' ufunyanwe, sesimatotits' abanzi, you
will be caught, there are already big
drops, i.e. unless you are active, you will
be overcome by difficulties.
uku-T6ntseIa, v. To drop, as pattering
drops from rain, or as tears from the
eyes ; to spatter.
um-T6nyama, n. 6. The place where an
encampment has been, and where much
dung lies; drainage through such a place or
through a kraal, lengthways through the
middle; the black point or centre of a
target.
i-ToPU, n. 3. A Wellington boot, top-boot,
fr. the Eng.
isi-TORA, n. 4. A store, fr. the Eng.
i-TOR'O, n. 3. A wagon-expedition: inkahi
zetoro, strong oxen, accustomed to journey-
ing ; fr. Du. tocht.
uku-T6shat6sha, v. i. To fidget about on
one's seat.
in-Toshe, n. 3. A children's game, known also
as i-Cekwa, under which the game is describ-
ed ; hence misfortune, evil consequences.
in-Toshela, n. l. = in-Toshe: undishiye nento-
shela, you leave me in the lurch.
vkn-Tbtk, V. i. (a) To be irresolute ; to hesi-
tate; to submit through fear; to abandon a
purpose on account of alarming representa-
tions made by another as to its perils, (b)
To diminish, decline : isifo asitoti, the sick-
ness does not decrease.
419
TO
— T6tisa, V. (a) To alarm a person as to
the dangers or perils of an undertaking;
to frighten; to cause to abandon an
enterprise, (b) To diminish, lessen.
in-Totd, n. 3. Small insect, etc.; = in- Tete.
u-T6t6, «. 5. People or cattle following each
other in a continuous line.
uku-T6toba, v. i. To walk slowly, as one
with sore feet.
in-Tot6lolo, n. 3. One who is decrepit, stiff,
very poor (used as an abusive expression);
pi. poor sick cattle, which are not able to
walk.
ubun-Tot6loIo, «. 7. Decrepitude.
uku-Tdtdnga, v. t. To lay hold of; to tie all
the limbs fast together ; to hand-cuff, as a
policeman does a prisoner.
ubu-Totosholo, ??. 7. Want of energy, etc.; =
ubu-Tatasholo.
in-Tot6viyane, n. 3. A large grasshopper,
Phymateus leprosus Fabr., which smells
very disagreeably when touched.
ukuti-Totse, V. i. To be like, equal.
uku-T6tuva, v. i. To walk feebly; to totter;
= uku-Tdioba.
um-Tdvut6, n. 6. The jugular vein.
uku-T'OZA, V. i. = uku-Tdzama.
— T6zaina, v. To be quiet, silent, yield-
ing; to be in a moody, drooping, pensive,
sleepy state.
— T6zamela, v. To be silent in expecta-
tion: utozamele ku-Tixo umpefumlo warn,
my soul is silent unto God, waits upon
God.
— T6zain!sa, v. To quieten, silence,
pacify by yielding.
— T6zeka, v. To be soothed, overpower-
ed by a sedative like opium ; to be yielding,
submissive, resigned, quiet, depressed,
afflicted.
u-T6zeko, K. 5. Submission.
uku-T6zela, v. To yield, submit to,
acquiesce in, bear patiently, surrender,
resign oneself to, succumb.
isi-T6zeIa, «. 4. (a) Anything which
affects the senses, is delicious to the taste,
fragrant to the smell, or pleasant to the
ear; that which captivates the mind
through the senses, like opium or wild
hemp, producing pleasant hallucinations
or stupor; fig. submission, resignation,
yielding, acquiescence: inyamakazi inesi-
tozela sokufa, the game has yielded to
death (when it cannot run farther, but
must give in), (b) Worth, respectability,
TO
authority, reputation: lomiitti unesitozela,
this man is respectable.
um-T6zo, H. 6. A single individual: ^fl/^a
imitozo ngaminye kunia-Hleke, there arrived
only a few individuals from the Hlek.e
tribe.
ukuti-TozoIolo, V. i. To be bashful, shy; to
respect.
Tsa I intcrj. used in setting dogs at game or
people.
ili-Tsa, n. 2. Plenty of milk from a cow
which had not been milked at the proper
time: inkomo itielitsa, the cow gives plenty
of milk without the calf.
isi-Tsaba, w. 4. A garland or bandage of an
ornamented kind (beads) round the head
or foot: isitsaba sentyantyambo, a garland or
head-dress of flowers; fig. a diadem,
crown : isitsaba sameva, a crown of thorns.
isi-Tsabiso, n. 4. Coronation.
in-Tsabo, «. 3. from uhi-Saba. Flight.
Tsaf atsaf a, adj. Rough, coarse, as a sack ;
isitya or iscfu sitsafatsafa, the vessel is
leaking, the sieve lets through.
ukuti-Tsafutsafu, v. i. Of cooked meat, to
be soft.
i-Tsaka, «. 2. and in-Tsakamba, w. 3. A
poor lean creature.
ukuti-Tsaka and Tsakalala, v. i. To be
tamed, trained (horse, ox) : inkabi zetsaka,
the bullocks were brought into proper
order; fig. of a child, to be instructed; to
be put into such order as a person or
thing should be.
uku-TSALA, V. t. To pull a string, etc.; to
draw towards oneself, to drag, draw:
inkabi ziyayitsala inqwelo, the oxen are
drawing the wagon ; azitsali ngakutsala kii-
nye, they do not pull together; fig. to
attract, influence. Phr. iyeza litsalile, the
medicine is properly cooked; ukutsala
umxelo, to have the death-rattle.
in-Tsalo, «. 3. A thing to pull with; a
thong.
um-Tsalane, n. 6. Attraction, fascination
(of a bird being fascinated by a snake).
uku-Tsalatsala, v. To pull about.
— Tsalatsalana, v. To pull against one
another; fig. to be at cross purposes with
one another; to have a difference or
misunderstanding with each other.
--Tsaleka, v. To be drawn or influenced
towards a thing or person : intUziyo yam
itsalekile kulonto, my heart is inclined or
attracted towards that object.
TS
— Tsalela, v. To draw a person or thing
towards another person or thing; fig. to
desire, pant after, to move towards:
njengexama elitsalela emifuleni yamanzi,
as the hart panteth after the water
brooks.
— Tsalisa, v. To make or help to draw
or pull.
in-Tsalela, n. 3. 'Residue, = i-Salela.
in-Tsali, plur. of u-Sali. Scattered people.
in-Tsaluba, n. 3. used as adj. Standing one
by one (hair).
uku-Tsama, v. i. To fall off, lose flesh
(applied to cattle and other living things
which were in good condition) ; to grow
less; to decrease in bulk, as a swelling or
tumour or an overloaded stomach: iiku-
dutnba kiitsamile, the swelling has gone
down.
in-Tsapantsapa, n. ^. = t-Ntsapavtsapa.
in-Tsapd, plur. of u-Sapo.
uku-Tsafa, v. t. To curse. Pass. To be
choked by water or amasi.
in-Tsasa, v. 3. from uku-Sa I. The early
morning.
in-Tsasa, n. 3. Brushwood, = u-Sasa.
in-Tsasa, n. 3. The golden-breasted bunting,
Emberiza flaviventris Steph.
in-TsasauIe, n. 3. Anything, as hair,
standing on end.
in-Tsasela, n. 3. A kind of long, rank
grass, good for thatching, growing near
rivers.
uku-Tsatsa, v. i. To run quickly; to make
speed.
V. t. To examine ; to question sharply,
so that the truth comes to light.
in-Tsatshana, plur. of u-Satshma (dimin. of
u-Sapo). Em. in-Tsatshanyana.
uku-Tsaula, v. t. = ukii-SaiiJa. To sling; fig.
to boil: anianzi ayatsaula, the water is
nearly boiling over.
i-Tsawa, n. 2. An edible bulb.
uku-Tsaza, v. i. To ooze out, squirt, spurt,
spout, gush out from internal pressure, as
milk from a cow when the udder is full, or
perspiration falling in large drops from
the body, or blood from a vein.
ukuti-Tse, v. i. To be even, straight,
straight along or forward.
ili-Tse, ■>■>. 2. The small grey mongoose,
Mungos cafer (Gmel.), also the larger M.
pulverulentus ( Wagn.).
in-Tsebe and in-Tsebentsebe, n. 3.
Private 'conversation in a public meeting,
continual whispering.
T5
uku-Tsebelela, v. i. To whisper; to
speak in a whispering tone; cf. iikii-
Sebez i.
in-Tsebelele, n. 3. Whisperings; words
spoken in a whispering tone, not neces-
sarily into one's ear; hence, report,
rumour, portent.
in-Tsebenzo, n. 3. from uku-Sehenza. Work.
in-Tsebezo, n. 3. from nku-Sebeza. Whisper-
ing.
ukuTsefuIa, v. t. To take by the hand:
sehetsefula bembamba bonke, they are all
shaking hands with him.
in-Tseka, w. 3. Necklace made of the shells
of ostrich eggs.
in-Tsekelezana, «. 3. from uku-Sckelcza.
Undergarments, leggings.
in-Tsekelezo, n. 3. from iikii-Sekeleza. The
desire to get something in an indirect way.
in-Tsekemfu, n. 3. used as adj. Very fat.
in-Tsele, n. 3. (a) Stepping places cut in a
tree to ascend by. (b) A rut, watercourse,
bed of a rivei", cf. um-Sele.
in-Tselelo, 71. 3. from ukuSelela. Filling in
a hole; a suppressed matter.
in-Tseli, n. 3. from ukii-Sela. A drinker.
in-Tselo, plur. of u-Selo.
in-Tselu, n. 3. A kind of bird.
in-Tselwa, plur. of u-Selwa.
in-Tselwane, n. 3. The upper part of an
animal's cloven hoof; the ring or horny
substance above the cloven part.
in-Tsema, n. 3. Euphorbia pugniformis
Boiss. and E. bupleurifolia Jacq. used as
purgatives and for ringworm and cancer.
in-Tsenge, n. 3. The root of the um Senge.
in-Tsengentsu, ;/. 3. Fineness, smallness,
insignificance.
in-Tsengwebekwa, n. 3. from ukuSenga and
uku-Beka. That which is not really one's
own, as a cow borrowed for milking.
in-Tsente, «. 3. The scales of a fish or
reptile; the callus of the foot sole.
Tsha, adj. New, young, healthy: unibona
omtsha, fresh maize ; kupiimile utyani obutsha,
the green grass has come out; watertga
ingubo entsha, he bought a new dress ; uinnya-
ka omtsha, z. new year; isentsha indaba-le,
the report is yet new.
Kutsha-nje, adv. Newly, lately, recently :
makazalwe ngokutsha, he must be born
anew.
um-Tsha, w. l. A young person. (Among
some tribes about the Tsitsa it means
isidletsha among young people).
um-Tshakazi, n. I. A young bride, dis-
tinguished after setting out for her
TS
husband's kraal by having her qiya drawn
down over her brow (see uku-Gongxa);
she is so called from the time when she
begins to seclude herself, which is about
three weeks before marriage (see uku-
HoiaJ till that period after marriage
when she is told by her husband's sister to
raise her qlya off her forehead. Plur.
abatshakazi, the bridal couple.
ulu-Tsha, «. 5. The children; the young
people.
ubu-Tsha, n. 7. Newness, freshness, youth.
ubu-TshakazI, n. 7. Espousal.
ukuti-Tsha, v. = itht-Tshabalala.
uku-Tsha, v. i. To dry up, as the water in a
stream or as an open wound : amanzi
atshile, the water has evaporated; inxeba
litshile, the wound is healed; ilizwi lam
litshile, my voice has dried up, i.e. I am
hoarse.
— Tshela, v. To cleave fast to, through
being burned or dried up : tikudla kiitshele
etnbizeni, the food is burnt fast to the
pot ; izihlaiigu zitshele, the blacking is
dried fast on the shoes ; nditshelwa lilizwi,
I am hoarse; limtshele, the word stuck
fast in his throat, he stood speechless ; to
cleave to, sit fast : ulitshele ihashe, he sits
firm on the horse.
Phr. utshelwe siceko, the drop is dried up,
i.e. he cannot do anything, there is no
help.
in-Tshela, n. 3. That which sticks close to,
adheres to by burning, etc. ; ivlshela
yamaiumbu, the dirt which cleaves to the
intestines.
uku-Tsha, II. r. i. To burn, as grass by fire,
or as one's hand through coming in contact
with something hot : indlu iyatsha, the house
is on fire; nditshile, I have burned myself.
—Tshela, v. To burn at or for: batshdwa
zizindlu, their houses were burnt down.
— Tshisa, v. To cause or make to burn ; to
burn by fire : batshisa tnca, they burned
the grass ; amanzi atshisayo, boiling, hot
water; ipepile iyatshisa, the pepper burns,
bites ; to brand cattle.
u-Tshiso, 11. 5. That which causes smart-
ing; an unjust, insulting order or
command.
um-Tshiso, n. 6. A brand on cattle, horses
or ostriches; a mark burnt into one's
skin.
uku-Tshiseka, v. To be inflammable,
combustible: isikota asitshiseki, the old
grass will not burn.
— Tshisekisa, v. fig. ukuzitshisekisa, to in-
flame oneself (with passion).
— Tshiseia, r. To make a burning for, to
burn in sacrifice to.
in-TshJselo, n. 3. That which is burnt
by the priests in offering a sacrifice.
uku-Tshaba, v. i. To be still, quiet,
sulky, morose, spiteful, malicious, male-
volent, of a hostile, inimical mind; to come
to nothing: indaba itshabile, the tidings
have come to nothing.
u-Tshaba, n. 5. pi. intshaba. An enemy,
destroyer ; one who causes desolation.
ubu-Tshaba, n. 7. Enmity, malevolence.
i-Tshabane, n. 2. A rough, wild fellow.
uku-Tshabisa, v. To bring to nothing;
to mortify, make ashamed : ndizakutshahi-
sa icido lako, I am going to make your
hymn useless (e.g. by getting up and sing-
ing it before you get a chance) ; to destroy,
make an end of, treat one as an enemy ;
fig. to cause one to end his speech.
uku-Tshabisa, v. To abuse with words,
revile, calumniate, disgrace.
u-Tshabiso, n. 5. Disgrace, a thing
accursed.
ukuti-Tshabalala and uku-Tshabalala, v. i.
To decay, perish ; to be destroyed, annihila-
ted ; to lose everything ; fig. ukuteta kivabo
kutshabahle, their talk has passed, has come
to nothing, has had no effect.
in-Tshabalala, n. 3. ^
in-Tshabalalo, n. 3. > Ruin, destruc-
um-Tshabalala, n. 6. )
tion, waste.
uku-Tshabalalisa, v. To cause ruin,
desolation; to destroy, lay waste, annihi-
late.
um-Tshabalalisi, w. I. A destroyer.
uku-Tshabalaiisana, v. To ruin, etc.,
each other.
— Tshabalalisela, v. To ruin, etc., for a
purpose.
uku-Tshabalaza, v. i. Of sick cattle, to beat
about with the tail while lying down.
i-Tshabanqa, n. 3. Thesteenbok, Raphicerus
campestris (Tiiunb.); fig. a wild reckless
person.
um-Tshabasini, 71. 6. The quiet acknow-
ledgment of a man's innocence.
i-Tshafele, n. 2. A good-for-nothing fellow.
i-Tshaf utshaf u, n. 2. A vagabond.
uku-Tshakaca, v. i. To leap or jump as a
monkey from tree to tree, or as a grass-
hopper; fig. to spring nimbly and smartly
from one thing to another in conversation
or discussion.
422
t5
uku-Tshakadula, v. i. Of a horse, to
prance.
uku-Tshakambula, v. i. To become dis-
pleased, indignant, ill-humoured, irritated,
angry, after having shown great patience.
um-Tshakatshezi, n. I. A disobedient,
obstinate, contumacious person.
in-TshakatshoIo, «. 3. The year of me-
teors (comets) 1884.
in-Tshakavu and in Tshakavula, «. 3. A
rough, boisterous, impetuous, blustering
person.
in-Tshakaxa, n. 3. Tasteless food.
um-Tshakazl, see under Tsha.
in-Tshakuca, n. 3. Corn standing poor and
short.
uku-Tshakumtsha, v. i. To think of
returning when already on a journey.
uku-Tshamba, v. i. Em. To make the
marriage feast as grand as possible by
providing plenty of food ; to show oneself
off as a rich man.
ama-Tshambfk, «. 2. pi. Rejoicing, live-
liness: lomntu iinamatshamba, or usenz'
amatshaniba, this man provides for great
rejoicings.
uku-Tshambula, v. i. To be provoked,
irritated, angry, excited to passion, so as to
beat another person without reflecting.
in-TshambuIa, «. 3. Anger.
uku-Tshanibuluka, v. t. To deny a thing
knowing it to be true.
um-Tshana, «. I. Nephew on the mother's
side; a sister's son; also a grandchild.
um-Tshanakazi, n. i. Niece, a sister's
daughter.
i-Tshanda, n. 2. A scalled place or mark
on the head, bare of hair; a tetter; herpes;
fig. a bare place from which the grass has
been cleared off.
in-Tshandela, w. 3. Em. The acetabulnm of
the right hip-bone; i.e the cavity which re-
ceives the head of the thigh-hone; — in-Tsula.
uku-TshanduIa, v. i. To speak badly of one.
-Tshandulela, v. To defeat totally in
in speech: nditshandulelwe , I am totally
defeated, conquered; to speak dispara-
gingly of a person, to c\xr?,e, = tikuShwa-
bulela ; to beat a thing mercilessly.
uku-Tshanga and Tshangalala, v. i. Em.
To be hasty; to walk with speed: umntu
ongahlali fidawo uyatshnnga, a man who
remains nowhere is unstable.
— Tshangatshanga, v. To trouble,
molest, annoy.
TS
3. A morose, sulky
To brandish a fire-
in-Tshangalala,
person,
uku-Tshangisa,
brand in the air.
— Tshangatshangisa, v. To play as
children do by drawing each other by
the hands to and fro ; to swing a thing to
and fro, especially a newborn child
through the smoke, saying, hush ! hush !
(in Bible), to wave as a wave-offering.
um-Tshangatshangiso, n. 6. Something
that can be taken and shaken or waved
about; used, in Bible, for a wave-offering.
uku-Tshangaza, v. i. To flame, blaze; fig.
to walk to and fro.
— Tshangazisa, v. To make a torch
flash : to cause to flash forth.
isi-Tshanguba, n. 4. Ringworm, scall,
scurf; bareness.
um-Tshanyane, n. 6. A single tree or bush
which stands out conspicuously on a hill so
as to form a kind of landmark.
ukuti-Tshapa, r. i.-ukuti-Capa.
in-Tshata, n. 3. Small pumpkins still grow-
ing; fig. a light-coloured person.
adj. Stunted, undeveloped.
uku-Tshata, v. i. (a) Of the bride, to walk
with the wedding party to the cattle-fold
and throw an assegai into it, which is a
part of the marriage ceremony; by this
action she proclaims that she is now mis-
tress of the place ; to marry, (b) To move
in going from one side to the other; to go
to a beer-drink.
um-Tshat6, w. 6. Bridal procession to the
cattle-kraal. (This word is commonly
but not justly used for marriage.)
uku-Tshatela, v. To marry to or at.
— Tshatisa, v. (a) To give power to
another person to negotiate for the
marriage of one's daughter; to have
one's daughter married; to conduct the
(Christian) marriage service, (b) To
hold a sham fight during the time a chief
is stipulating about a wife.
um-Tshatisi, ti. l. A marriage-officer.
i-Tshatsha, n. 2. The attractive appear-
ance of a girl who has many suitors.
uku-Tshatsha, v. i. To Ije sulky, etc.,=
uku-Tshaba.
— Tshatshela, v. (a) To destroy entirely,
as cattle eating up and trampling down
growing crops, (b) To surpass entirely ;
to take a prominent part : utshatshele, he
distinguished himself.
423
TS
in-Tshatshela, n. 3. and isi-Tshatshela,
«. 4. A valiant man; a hero.
-Tshatshazi, «. 2. A spot (it may be white
from lime or black from soot) ; a white
spot in the face ; the bright spot where an
ulcer will break; a burnt spot caused by
lightning.
in-Tshatshoba, n. 3. The male flower of
maize.
i-Tshatshongo, n. 2. A bad milker.
in-Tshatshongo, n. 3. A kind of bird, pro-
bably the trogon, Apaloderma narina
(Steph.).
ukuti-Tshau, v. To fimsh., — uku-Gqiba.
uku-Tshaula, v. i. To move the eyebrows
affectedly as an expression of pride; to cast
amorous looks.
uku-Tshauza, v. i. To move or walk affected-
ly or proudly.
i-Tshauza, tt. 2. One who winks or moves
his eyebrows affectedly.
i-Tshavuta, «. 2. An enthusiast.
i-Tshavutshavu, n. 2. Bangamatshavutshavu,
they act as fools towards each other or
among themselves.
um-Tshawe n. I. and i-Tshawe, «. 2. One
of high birth ; a prince of royal blood ; one
of the aristocracy. It is an honourable term
used in addressing chiefs.
ubu-Tshawe, n. 7. Royalty, princely honour
or position.
uku-Tshaya, v. i. Era. To strike dead, kill :
ukutshaya ngenduku, to beat hard ; fig. intsi-
mbi itshayile, the bell has rung, as a sign to
leave off work.
uku-Tshaya, v. i. To smoke tobacco: audi-
tshayi, I do not smoke ; utshaya elupondweni,
he smokes from the horn, i.e. he smokes
wild hemp (umya).
Phr. ndisatshaya, lit. I am still smoking,
used by a person who is taking part in a
discussion to indicate that though he ceases
for the present he means to speak again
later.
in-Tshayi, «. 3. A regular smoker.
isi-Tshayo, ?t. 4. Something for smoking;
tobacco.
uku-Tshayeka, v. To be fit for smoking:
inqawa ayitshayeh, the pipe does not draw
well.
— Tshayisa, v. To smoke 'medicine' in
the presence of another with the purpose
of injuring, mainly done by young men
towards girls for the purpose of gaining
their di&QCiions; = uku-Posela.
uku-Tshayela, v. t.
broom or brush.
um-Tshayeli, n. :
sweeper.
isi-Tshayelo, ti. 4.
um-Tshayelo, m. 6.
ukii-Tshayeleka
TS TS
To sweep as with a j iu-Tshebe, ti. 3. Beard on the chin: lomfo
u-Tikoloshe knt'iwa uuentshebe, they say that
I. One who sweeps; a[ Tikoloshe has a beard.
I uku-Tshebeleza, v. i. To glide or slip along,
A broom, brush. as on a smooth, slippery surface ; to rebound
repeatedly from the surface of a pool,
making 'ducks and drakes,' as a flat stone
does when artfully thrown.
uku-Tsheca, v. i. To bite, gnaw, tear, cut off
a point ; cf. uku-Jeca.
u-Tsh^co, «. 5. Belly-ache. Euphem. the
heathen custom (among young people)
of boys selecting sweethearts among a
lot of girls ; - nkiv-Enzisa.
isi-Tshef uta, n. 4. One whose face is covered
with beard; one of high dignity: isitshefuta
soiiizi, one of rank in a village or place.
Tshehe ! interj. Hallo ! this way ! look here !
uku-Tsheka, v. i. To be purged; to suffer
from diarrhoea; fig. of meteors, to shoot.
isi-Tsheka, «. 4. and um-Tsheko, n. 6.
Purging with belly-ache; fig. umtsheko
wentsimbi, dross; cattle taken from the
enemy in war, which become the property
of the chief.
um-Tshekisane, n. 6. Bush gwarri, Euclea
lanceolata E. Mey. whose root is used as
a purgative.
in-Tshela, n. 3. That which sticks fast, etc.;
see uku-Tsha I.
uku-Tsheleza, v. i. To enter a house often
to beg; to walk hurriedly from place to
place.
TshelJl interj. used by a third party to
persons fighting, calling on them to desist.
uku-Tsheluza, v. i. To look cowardly, shew
fear in the eyes.
in-Tshembenxa, n. 3. A crooked thing (foot,
tree, stick) ; fig. one who goes in crooked
ways, who is perverse, wrong minded.
This word is used in speaking depreciating-
ly of a person : you crooked, bandy-legged
creature!
in-Tshemntshem, «. S. = i-Ntshemntsfiem.
in-Tshengece, n. 3. A sharp pointed stone;
a flint for cutting with.
i-Tshengele, «. 2. A glimpse, gleam, beam,
ray.
in-Tshengula, ti. 3. (a) Anything white,
clearly visible, as a well-trodden path, (b)
A sharp-edged thing, as a stone or knife
that has become so by use: iliswi lika-T'ixo
liyiittshengitla, the word of God is sharp.
(c) Em. A snuff-spoon.
uku-Tsh^nta, v. t. To clean up with a
spade, so as to make a thrashing-floor.
To be swept away.
-Tshayelela, v. To go before and sweep
the way clear (as the mothers do before
circumcised young men, to encourage
their dancing; or as the women do before
a bride to show her what she has to do) ;
to precede so as to arrange for a journey ;
to be before or above others; to excel,
surpass.
um-Tshayeleli, n. l. One who clears the
way : u-Seraya-lo ebengmntshayeleli, Seraya
was the chief chamberlain.
in-Tshayelelo, «. 3. Lit. sweeping the
way clear. The singing and gesticulating
of the women at the abakwela dance and
on the day of the coming out of the
abakwela, or before the bride at a mar-
riage; see uku-Yeyezcla; fig. that which is
preparatory to another action or event ;
preface of a book; introduction of a
speech.
uku-Tshayelisa, v. To make or compel
to sweep.
ukuti-Tshayi, v. t. and /. To do or finish
completely: siyaktizitt-tshayi, or sizakuzitya
zoiike ziti-tshayi, we'll finish them up, we
will eat them all up.
uku-Tshaza, v. t. To become frost-bitten, esp.
used of late crops on the approach of
winter: nditshazile, I am frost-bitten.
u-Tshaz'impuzi, Ji. l. The month of
April.
um-Tshaza, ;/. 6. Anything blighting,
detestable.
ukuti-Tshe, v. t. and i. (a) To pass so un-
expectedly and rapidly as to give an
observer only a glimpse: ite-tshe, it passed
quickly without being properly seen; to
obtain merely a passing glimpse of a person
or thing: ndimte-tshe, I just caught a glimpse
of him as he passed ; fig. to visit for a short
time only, (b) To peep through, shine a
little: lit'i-tslie ilanga kwincopo ycntaba, the
sun (in rising) just touches the top of the
mountain.
ama-Tshetshetshe, n. 2. pi. Short glimp-
ses of a thing in rapid motion; sound of
wind passed by a person while walking.
ukuti-Tshe, v. i. To get burnt: umlotno warn
uti-ishe, I have burnt my mouth; cf. uku-
Tsha II.
424
TS
uku-Tshentshela, v. t. To clear the trees
off a piece of country.
uku-Tshentula, v. t. To scrape off; fig. to
do a work superficially.
in-Tshenu, «. 3. Nothing; absence.
in-Tshepe, «. 3. White beads; fig. a dig-
nified person.
ukuti-Tsheqe and uku-Tsheqa, v. t. To cut
off with one cut, esp. in circumcising boys
and animals; to tear off with one tear;
cf. uku-Jeca.
in-Tsheqo, «, 3. The cutting off.
adv. kwantsheqo, in crowds.
u-Tsheqo, n. 5. Wage of prostitution.
in-Tsheshemba, n. 3. That which is tall
and lanky.
uku-Tsheta, v, t. To cut off the rind of a
pumpkin by chipping at it with a knife.
Tshetshal interj. Em, Run! be quick!
uku-Tshetsha, v. Em. To go quickly, =
uku-Nxama.
uku-Tshetsha, v. i. To move about like
children beginning to walk; to walk stiff-
kneed; fig, to be hurriedly unsteady,
unstable, changeable.
um-Tshetsha and um-Tshetsha pantsi,
n. 6. Weakness of the legs, stiffness in
the knee, a disease acquired at the mines ;
scurvy.
isi-Tshetshe, n. 4. A knife.
ama-Tshetshetshe, see under ukvti-Tshe.
uku-Tshetulula, v. t. To clean out (a
vessel) wholly; fig. to sweep clean off (a
man's property) ; to bui-n up (land).
ama-Tshetutshetu, n. 2. pi. Reports,
r\xmo\\r?,; = ama-Retuhtu; also a flighty
uncertain person.
uku-Tshewula, v. t. Em. To climb up (on
a horse or wagon).
um-Tshi, «, 6, A stripe or scratch made on
the surface of anything. This name was
given to an anchor which was found about
1830 at the mouth of the Bir'a river,
in-Tshibakwe, n. 3. A man with a high
forehead; fig. a hardhearted, merciless, im-
moral person, one who behaves unkindly to
acquaintances.
uku-Tshibila, v. i. Em. To slip, slide ; =
uhi-Tyibilika.
uku-Tshibiliza, v. t. To twist the body, as
a native girl in dancing; to draw each
other to and fro by the hands,
Tshibu ! interj. It is cold !
ukuti-Tshibu, v. i. To feel cold and
chilly.
uku-Tshica, v. i. To spit.
TS
Tshicela, v. To spit upon or in a place :
bamtshicela ehusweni, they spat in his face.
uku-Tshijila, v. t. To fidget, struggle for
freedom like a child when caught; to
despise,
i-TshijoIo, w, 2. and isi-TshijoIo, n. 4. A
man whose word cannot be relied on; a
deceptive, shifty, wicked character; a
rascal.
ubu-TshijoIo, n. 7. Wickedness, naughti-
ness, rascality.
ukuti-Tshiki and uku-Tshikila, v. i. To
turn the back ; to turn suddenly round,
isi-Tshikitshiki, «, 4, One who does not
care about his relations,
uku-Tshikilela, v. To turn the back on
any object, as a person in hot anger ; to
turn away from one with contempt ; of a
horse, to turn its head suddenly round
when satisfied with food,
— Tshikilelana, v. Kwatshikilelwana, is
said when the twisting and turning of
the body in dancing reaches a height
and when the dancers are maddened
with dancing,
uku-Tshikilizela, i^. i. To retire, withdraw,
retreat,
in-Tshikintshiki, «, 3, Small grain,
in-Tshikintshikikazi, h, 3. A woman in
wrath.
uku-Tshikitsha, v. t. To turn the posteriors
on one; to force one's way in (a crowd),
in-Tshikivane, «, 3. An insolent, wicked,
obstinate person,
uku-Tshiklxa, v. i. To gnash with the teeth,
(cf. iihi-Tshixiza).
uku-Tshikiza, v. t. To wag, fan.
uku-Tshila, v. i. A dance of a lewd and
licentious character, with obscene gesticu-
lations, performed by circumcised lads,
during the period of their stay in the hut,
in-Tshiii, n. 3, A good dancer,
um-Tshilo, «. 6. The dance of the
ahakweta. The naked dancers are com-
pletely smeared with white clay, and are
dressed in a kilt of palmleaves that en-
circles their loins several times ; they also
wear coverings of grass on face and hands.
When dancing, the umkweta keeps his
kilt continually rustling,
um-Tshiliso, «. 6, An ahakweta dance
arranged for at a certain kraal.
um-Tshilatshila, n. I, A vagabond.
in-Tshili, n. 3, (a) see under uku-Tshila.
(b) The Red-faced mousebird, Colius
indicus Lath., so called from its cry.
D3
425
TS
uku-Tshina, v. t. To have carnal connection
with a woman; in rape cases, the woman is
asked: utshiuiwe? did penetration actually
take place ?
in Tshinga, n. 3. An ornament of tassel-
like appearance made from the tufted end
of a jackal's or hartebeest's tail, worn hy-
men on the head or on the calf of the leg
in dancing and hunting; the name is also
applied to the crest of the Secretary-bird,
when it is raised by the bird.
isi-Tshinga, w. 4. A great number, a great
deal.
uku-Tshinga, v. /. To be mean, vulgar,
cunning, deceitful.
V. t. To neglect one's duty through care-
lessness or indifference; to slight, contemn,
abuse the goodness of others; to violate,
set aside Xav^s, ord&r?., etc.: ungalibizi iga-
ma lain figokulitsfihiga, do not call my name
contemptuously.
i-Tshinga, n. 2. A mean person, who has
no character.
ubu-Tshinga, «. 7. Meanness, vulgarity,
rascality.
uku-Tshlngana, v. To be morose, etc.,
towards each other; to contemn each
other.
— Tshingeka, v. To be in a morose,
sulky state; to sit still in the sulks; to be
contemptible, unworthy.
isi-Tshingilizane, k. 4. One who does not
care about his re]ations; = isi-Tshikitshiki.
in-TshingintshoIo, «. 3. A hasty, restless,
fidgety, unbearable, unmanageable person:
iisiike wayintshiugintsholo etigenakutiwa-ni,
he became so restless that we could not
manage him.
uku Tshininda, v. t. To cut off one's
power; to render powerless.
i-Tshinitshini, 71. 2. An uncertain, un-
reliable character, one not to be trusted;
a cheat, (cf. i Nginingini).
ubu-Tshinitshini, n. 7. Knavery, rogue-
ry, cheating, perMy;=ubu-Ngini?igwi.
uku-Tshiniza, v. To deal faithlessly; to
promise much and perform little; to
deceive, cheat, humbug; to act treacher-
ously; to refuse to obey, as a bullock
which will not pull; cf. ^iku-Nginiza.
um-Tshinizi, n. 1. A treacherous person.
in-Tshinizo, n. 3. An imposition, decep-
tion, delusion.
uku-Tshinizela, v. To deal treacherously
towards.
um-Tshinizisi, n. I. A treacherous person.
TS
in-Tshiiika, n. 3. Abstinence, continence in
consequence of having heard mournful
news.
in-Tshintintshintl, = i-Ntshuitintshinti.
uku-TSHlNTSHA, V. t. To change money,
fr. the Eng.
i-TSHINTSHi, n. 3. Change out of a
sum of money.
ukutJ-Tshintshilili, v. i. To turn away from
a person who is speaking, and to disregard
him ; to pay no attention, to ignore.
in-Tshinyela, «. 3. from ukuli-Shinyi. Thick-
ness, density (of smoke, etc.).
u-Tshinyonga, n. l. One who has a brand-
mark on the hip; a brand-mark.
in-Tshinyongo, n. 3. from nkutt Shinyi.
Great darkness.
in-Tshipa, n. 3. The flower of i-Nyibiha.
isi-Tshipa, n. 4. Anything which causes a
hissing or whispering sound by its motion.
ukutl-Tshipa, v. i. To reflect, muse, meditate
in astonishment.
uku-Tshlpa, v. i. To come to nothing; to go
away, deserting wife and children.
uku-TsHlPA, V. i. To become cheap (Eng.).
TSHIPU, adj. Cheap.
uku-Tsh!piIiza, r. t. To wipe with the hand.
in Tshipintshipi, «. 3. Fine rain.
uku-Tshipiza, v. i. To rain fine; to drizzle.
uku-TshipuIa, v. t. To punish.
ukuti-Tshiqi, v. i. To be short, brief.
in-Tshiselo, u-Tshiso, um-Tshiso ; see
under iiku-Tsha II.
ukuti-Tshiti and Tshitilili, v. i. To speak
low, softly, not loudly; to be hoarse; fig.
to touch softly; to stroke over hastily; to
do a thing (writing, etc. ) hastily, super-
ficially.
um-Tshiti, n. 6. A superficial mark like
that made by a person slipping on a
muddy road, or a scratch on a person's
face ; the trail of a shooting star,
uku-Tshitiza, v. i. To speak softly after
illness; to make a mark or scratch here
and there.
uku-Tshitsha, v. i. Of fruit, to fall off with-
out ripening; of the voice or speech of a
dying person, to fail ; fig. to fail, miscarry
in any undertaking or project; to be good
for nothing, very changeable, unreliable.
i-Tshitshi, n. 2. (a) One who hides away,
so that he cannot be found; a loafer,
good-for-nothing fellow.
(b) The Eastern Province grass-bird,
Sphenoeacus intermedins Shell., so called
because of its skulking habits.
426
TS
u-Tsh5tslio, n. 5. Retrogression.
um-Tshitshi, n. 6. A superficial wound 5
=^utnTshiti.
uku-Tshitshisa, v. To cause to fail, frus-
trate, make void; to disdain to answer;
to treat one as a good-for nothing fellow ;
to despise, destroy : akuko namnye uwutshi-
tshisayo iimnqop'iso, no one annuls a treaty.
um-Tshitshisi, n. I. One who frustrates
or brings to nought.
in-Tshltshisi, n. 3. A shifty person, one
who is always changing and altering; one
who cannot be relied upon ; a weather-
cock.
uku-Tshitshlsela, v. To frustrate or
bring to nought a plan for : bazitshitshisela
icebo lika-Ttxo, they frustrate for them-
selves the plan of God.
uku-Tshitshiliza, v. i. To slide on the
ground with the posteriors.
in-Tshitshilizo, n. 3. The changing of
place by sliding or creeping on the
ground.
i-Tshitshitshi, 71. 2. A large drove of cattle.
uku-Tshivela, v. t. To do wrong or harm ;
to cheat.
i-Tshivela, n. 2. A cheat, deceitful person
who pretends to have done work which
he has not done ; a liar, rogue, rascal.
ubu-Tshivela, «. 7. Roguery, rascality,
deceit.
uku-Tshiwula, v. t. To swing the tail
to drive the flies away ; to swing a sling ;
to jump on a horse without using stirrups.
uku-Tshixa, v. t. To lock, bolt.
isi-Tshixo, w. 4. A lock, bolt, key for a
lock.
uku-Tshixela, v. To lock up or in, as in a
prison.
in-Tshixilili, n. 3. A big, lean animal.
uku-Tshixiza, v. i. To grind or gnash the
teeth.
uku-Tshixizela, v. To gnash the teeth
against.
in-Tshiyelana, n, 3. from uku-Shiya. A
remnant.
in-Tshlyi, w. 3. A wrinkle on the forehead;
cf. i-Shiyi.
in-Tshiyo, n. 3. Whistling while marching
with shields.
in-Tshiyongo, n. 3. from i-Shiyi. One who
looks with half-opened eyes; a proud,
angry person.
ukuti-Tshize and uku-Tshiza, v. t. To
strew (seeds) : to sprinkle (water) ; to rain
fine; to bespatter, as with mud or water;
TS
to make stripes of red ochre on the body;
to wear a coat with gold lace; fig. uzite-
tshize, he is drunk.
in-Tshizo, n. 3. Strewing, sprinkling, etc.
uku-Tshizatshiza, v. To paint small re-
gular stripes of various colours on an
object: itshizatshizile, striped like a
zebra, having various colours.
ukuti-Tshizalala, v. i. Not to trouble about.
um-Tsho, «. 6. The portion of Kafir beer
given to a chief or a headman.
uku-Tsh6, V. i. pass, tshiwo, perf. tsh'ilo. To
say, speak, express, declare so, followed in
most cases by ukuTi, (see uku-T't, 4. e.)
watsho, he said so ; iitshilo, he lias declared
so; anditslwigo, I have not said so; uisho
ukiiti, he speaks saying; watsho. watt, he
declared and said.
In its idomatic meaning "to do so" it is
accompanied by different movements of the
hands, to express what has been done or how
a thing is to be done : watsho kwezinguho, he
put on these clothes so ; watsho ngezidanga,
he adorned himself with garlands so ; wasi-
tsho isililo, he cried aloud ; watsho pantsi, he
spoke in a low voice, or spoke in vain;
wamtsho ngerele, he smote him with the
sword ; watsho pantsi tigentolo, he missed in
shooting or throwing; bahlakula batsho
ngento enkulu yendima, they hoed a large
piece of ground; abake batsho, they did not
do so at all, i.e., they refused; yitshoni!
Hail ! Good day ! Refl. form, ukn-zitsho, to
assert oneself.
uku-Tshono, v. To say so to one another,
followed by uhiti: batshono ukuti, they
said one to another.
— Tshdio, V. To say so for a purpose,
utsholo-niiiaf for what purpose did you
say so ?
in-Tsholo, n. 3. Shout of joy, rejoicing;
a vocal concert ; music for dancing.
uku-Tshdioza, v. t. To sing, as the women
do at the icku-Xlna; see um-Dudo; to
rejoice, shout with joy; to sing in
measured time with clapping of hands,
so as to lead a native 'dance: to sing, as
water in a kettle when nearly boiling.
um-Tsh6lozi, n. I. The leader in the.
native dance.
uku-Tsh6ba, v. i. To swing or beat about
with the tail ; to fend off (flies) ; to be rest-
less, uneasy; to run about, as one conti-
nually moving from pain, or as cattle
troubled by flies.
i-Tsh6ba, n. 2, The bushy end of an
animal's tail; a tassel. Phr. laqama
itshoba, he died ; see iwt-BetL
427
TS
u Tsh6ba Iwehashe, n. 5. lit. the tail-
brush of a horse. The Crested hawk-
eagle, LophoEetus occipitalis (Daud.J, so
called in reference to its long crest,
u-Tsh6bo, n. 5. Sickness in cattle, making
them run about wildly ; fig. restlessness.
Phr. urwtshobo, he is running about, keep-
ing away from home.
uku-Tsh6batsh6ba, v. To be excessively
restless.
— Tshdbela, v. To run restlessly to and
fro.
in-TshoboloIo, h. 3. The year of meteors;
= in-TshakatshoIo. IndJazi nentshili zintsho-
bololo, the Speckled mousebird and the Red-
faced mousebird are characterised by long
streaming tails.
isi-Tshobozo, «. 4. Confusion, disturbance.
uku-TSHOFA, V. To shuffle cards. (Eng.)
uku-Tshofela, v. i. To desire more of a
good thing.
uku-Tshoka, To disappear, etc. = Hku-Tshona.
ukuti-Tshftkotshdko, v. i. To run fast.
in-Tshokontshoko, n. 3. Haste; one who
is in advance of others in tracing stolen
animals.
in-Tshokovane, n. 3. Haughtiness, disdain ;
a wrathful person.
uku-Tshdlo, see under uku-Tsho.
um-TsholotI, n. 6. A kind of edible root.
uku-Tsh6loza, see under uku-Tsho.
ukuti-Tshome,
uku-Tshomela, .
V. t. Of bees, to sting.
uku-Tsh6na, v. i. To disappear, get out of
sight : ahantii hatshdnile ehlatini, the people
disappeared in the forest ; to sink : ndatshona
emanzini, I sank down in the water; to set:
ilanga liza kutshona, the sun is about to set.
Phr. kowabo bekutshonwa ngamasi, at his
home there was abundance of milk; ttku-
tshona ekuteteni, to speak figuratively, to
use high flown language difficult to under-
stand ; ilanga alitshonatiga littgenandaba, the
sun never sets without news, i.e., a
day never passes without its business, work
or trouble.
in-Tshonalanga, «. 3. lit. the setting of
the sun, i.e. the west.
uku-Tsh6nela v. To disappear in a certain
place : utshonele apa, he disappeared here ;
fig. to end a speech: nditshdneV apa, here
I finish my speech.
— Tsh6nisa, v. To cause to disappear,
sink ; to drive a nail into a wall, a pole
into the ground, a word into the heart.
428
TS
in-Tshongo, w. 3. The oil which accumu-
lates in the stem of a tobacco-pipe.
u-Tshdngo, n. 5. Ground, roasted maize.
i-Tsh6ngwe, w. 2. The bitterwortel, or milk-
bush, Xysmolabium lapathifolium Dene.
used as a tonic and for wounds, old sores,
sore eyes, and distemper in dogs; a smaller
kind is called i-Tshongwina.
ukuti-Tsh6ni, v.=uhiTshdna: ute itje-tshoni
wavela, he just dived in and was out again.
um-Tshontshi, n. 6. Rumour, report ; =
ulu-Re.
in-Tshontsho, «. 3. An abominable thing;
= / Nlshonlsho.
in-Tshoqa, ti. 3. A disgusting smell.
u-Tshoqolwana, w. l. A short, thin, spare
person.
isi-Tsh6td and isi-Tsh6t6tsh6td, n. 4. That
which is coarse, rough, hoarse.
uku-Tshdt6za, v. i. To speak with a coarse,
rough voice.
uku-Tsh6tsha, v. To chant in a deep voice,
a kind of false base, as boys do, especially
in their night-gatherings.
um-Tshdtsho, «. 6. A night assembling
of boys and girls, where the girls sing
and the boys tshotsha. Phr. umtshdtsho
watnaselc, the night-singing of frogs, i.e.
discussion that leads to no result.
Tsh6tshol hiterj. It serves you right! I
told you so! now you have burnt yourself!
uku-Tsh6t3hozeIa, v. i. To bite or itch
with pain.
uku-Tsh6tshdbeIa, v. t. To draw near (to
the fire), to approach an object rapidly, in
pursuit or in war.
um-Tsh6tshdbelo, n. 6. A springing
forward with energy towards one's
opponent in battle; a sudden effort ; an
unexpected attack.
in-TshotshoIozana, | , /-^i^„^„
in-Tshotsholozi, j «• 3- Coldness,
sharpness of wind, rain; one who is sharp
and quick and eloquent; of sharp intellect;
inkwenkivezi entshotsholozi, a shooting-star.
in-Tshovuntshovu, = i Ntshocuntshovu.
uku-Tshdza, v. t. To make sure; to insist
upon; to persist in ; to maintain something;
to make clear, (followed by uku-Ti); nezizi-
nto ndinga imgaqinisn ukutshdza, and these
things I wish you to affirm constantly.
in-Tsh6za, n. 3. Assurance.
um-Tshu, n. 6. A kind of bird.
Tshu I interj. He is in a hurry to go, quick
in starting, knowing that he is wanted.
ukuti-Tshu, V. To pierce suddenly or
sharply as a thorn entering one's foot or
Ts
an anxious thought seizing one's mind:
ingqondo yam indite-tshu ukuba ndigodiike,
it came forcibly into my mind to go home ;
ute, akitva ukuba unina uyafa, wesuka wati-
tshu, when he heard tliat his mother was
sick, he became anxious, i.e. he wanted
to go home.
ukuti-Tshu-tshu, v. To keep on piercing
or stabbing, as the needle points of the
inkunzane do to the feet of a person
walking over them.
i-Tshu-tshu-tshu, «. 2. A disagreeable
sensation; an excruciating pain.
Tshukele, adj. Sharp, sour, unripe; raw,
i.e. not sufficiently boiled; watery.
uku-Tshukula, v. t. To rouse dissatisfaction,
displeasure.
um-Tshukula, n. 6. Sour milk which has
become vinegar-like.
in-Tshukumo, m. 3. from uku-Shukuma. Shak-
ing, an earthquake.
uku-Tshukuza, v. t. To shake (medicine).
uku-Tshiila, v. t. To probe the ground in
the cattle-kraal with a pointed stick or
instrument to find the stone which covers
the mouth of the corn-pit; fig. to search,
feel, examine the heart or lungs.
um-Tshirla, n. 6. A maize or Kafir-corn plant
bearing no fruit.
uku-Tshuramak6bo, r. t. To be perplexed,
not knowing what to say ; to speak nonsense ;
to speak at random; to guess, conjecture,
divine: usuke ukuteta watshuVamakobo, he
spoke utter nonsense.
in-Tshulube, n. 3. Red intestinal worm.
ukuti-Tshulubembe, v. i. To leave secretly;
to go off silently without making a report,
e.g. as an air-gun, or a gun missing fire.
u-Tshulwana, n. 5. A vessel of middle size.
in-Tshumayell, n. 3. from uku-Shumayela.
A fine speaker.
in-Tshumayelo, n. 3. from uku-Shumayela.
Address, speech, sermon.
in-Tshumayezo, n. 3. from uku-Shumayeza.
A proclamation.
i-Tshungu, tt. 2. Em. Burrweed, Xanthium
spinosum L.
uku-Tshungula, v. i. Of weather, to be
blustery, showery; of a person, to be easily
angered.
uku-Tshunguza, v. i. Tojun about.
in-Tshuntshe, n. 3. An assegai with a long
blade.
uku-Tshuqutshuqula, v. i. To speak brief ly,
to cut short ; to take a short cut ; cf. uku-
Shunqula.
f5
uku-Tshuta, v. i. To drink out, off, up ; = ukut'i-
Tshwate.
uku-Tshutshisa, v. To annoy by evil acts;
to prosecute or persecute (an enemy).
um-Tshiitshisi, n. I. A prosecutor or
persecutor.
in-Tshutshiso, w. 3. and ubu-Tshutshiso,
n. 7. Persecution, or prosecution.
uku-Tshutshisela, v. To persecute for
(a reason) : unditshutshisela-nina ? why do
you persecute me ?
ukuti-Tshu-tshu andi-Tshii tshii tshu, see
under Tshu.
ukuti-Tshutu and Tshuxu, v. t. To burn
out; to burn a hole in: yatiwa tshutu inqawa,
a hole was burnt in the wooden pipe.
in-Tshuze, w. 3. A kind of small edible root.
ukuti-Tshwa, v. t. To speak, say, answer:
kauti-tshwa ilizwi libe linye, speak or add
only one word ; cf. tiku- Tshb.
ukutela-Tshwa, v. To put or add a little
thing in or to a big one ; kaunditele-tshwa,
please, answer me.
in-Tshwabaniso, n. 3. from uku-Shwabana.
Anything shrunk through withering.
in-Tshwabulelo, n. 3. from uku-Shwabulela.
A curse.
in-Tshwabuli, tt. 3. from uku-Shwabula. One
who imprecates, curses.
u-Tshwangutshwangu, n. 5. An insatiable
animal.
in-Tshwaqane, n. 3. One who jumps about
from one subject to another; cf. um-Shwaqi;
a random speech ; also a curse.
ukuti-Tshwate, v. t. To drink out, off, up.
ukuti-Tshwati, v. t. To stab, pierce with a
sharp instrument; fig. to wound with the
tongue, i.e. to backbite.
in-Tshwau, n. 3. A kind of plant with edible
root.
ukuti-Tshwe, v. t. To smear with fat. Phr.
sebezite-tshwe ukuzitambisa intutigo, they have
already smeared the calves of their legs,
i.e. they have had some refreshment.
ukuti-Tshwe, v. i. To be perfectly red:
amazimba ate-tshwe, the Kafir-corn was
quite red.
ukuti-Tshwe, v. i. To hurry up, run fast.
ukuti-Tshwebelele, v. i. To move swiftly,
as a plate that is made to slide along a table.
uku-Tshwebeleza, v. i. To move in a creep-
ing manner; to crawl, swarm; to soar like
a swallow; fig. to walk lightly over a thing;
to go sideways or stealthily; to lisp, whisper,
rustle.
TS
uku-Tshwela, r. t. To scratch out, efface,
erase, r. i. To move or run quickly.
in-Tshwela, «. 3. That which is scraped
off; scrapings, chips.
uku-Tshweza, v. t. To scrape, plane; to
straighten a pole by cutting off what is
crooked, or sharpen the end of it to a point.
in-Tsh weza, n. 3. One who scrapes sticks.
Tshwi I interj. Sound of a whizzing bullet.
uku-Tshwila, v. t. To scrape a skin; to make
a cut or a mark in an animal's ear to
distinguish it from others.
in-Tshwill, n. 3. The Red-faced mouse-bird,
= in-Tshili.
Tsil interj. (a) Halloo! (b) Of compassion
or sympathetic surprise, when visiting a sick
person.
Tsi, adv. Very: iibile tsi, he is perspiring
very much.
ukuti-Tsi, V. i. To jump up: kauii-tsi uyokuka-
ngela inkomo, jump up and look for the
cattle.
um-Tsi, n. 6. \ jump, skip, bound, spring :
wcsiik' iniitsi, he jumped; wem' oluhlaza
umtsi, he made a long jump, farther than
he need jump.
uku-Tsiba, v. i. To leap, jump, spring; of
a river, to rise.
— Tslbela, v. To leap over, upon or to-
wards an object: wamtsibela, he sprang
upon him.
in-Tsihlo,' w. 3. The caper-bush, = /n/-5//;/tf,
under iikui'iSihli.
in-Tsika, n. ^.homukuSika. A pole support-
ing the roof in a native hut; an upright
post, pilla".
in-Tsika-mbilinl, «. 3. from ukuSika. Heart-
rending, compassion.
in-Tsikantsika, ;/. S- = i-^tsikanisika.
in-Tsikelelo, n. 3. from ukuSikelela. A
blessing.
in-Tsikihla, «. 3. from uku-Sikihla. The
residue.
in-Tsikizi, n. 3. The ground hornhi\\, = int-
Sikizi.
in-Tsila, «. 3. ¥ Wth, = iiit-Sila.
in-Tsilelo, n. 3. from uku-Silela. Being short
of; failing to get; negligence.
i-TsUi, n. 2. (a) An old nest of bees in a rock.
(b) A big case in a law-court ; pi. the battles
of life; afflictions, pains, pangs, heavy
sickness.
in-Tsimango, w. 3. The Simango monkey.
in-Tsiinbane, n. 3. (a) The impression or
mark left by a worm creeping on the ground.
(b) dimin. of in-Tsimbi (b).
TS
in-Tsimbi, n. 3. (a) Iron and various articles
made of iron; intsimbt zamahashe, horse-
shoes; inisimb't yokutsh'ixa, a key; intsimbi
yokukonxa, a hand-cuff; intsimbi eqiitu, a
fishing hook; iutsimli yamehlo, a pair of
spectacles; also a bell, as the first bells were
hoops or pieces of iron, (b) Beads; the
marriage gifts (money, dress, etc.) given
by the bride's parents to the sisters of the
bridegroom.
in-Tsimi, n. 3. plur. amaSimi. A piece of
cultivated land, a garden.
uku-Tsina, v. t. (a) To beat with a small
stick, (b) To grin, laugh.
u-Tsino, K. 5. and um-Tsino, w. 6. Punish-
ment.
u-Tsinatsina, n. 5. An obsolete kind of ear-
ring.
in-Tsinde, n. 3. (a) Ground that has not yet
been broken for cultivation, as contrasted
with i-Fiisi, fallow ground, (b) Bee-bread,
the red substance found in the honeycomb,
(c) A small spreading shrub, Randia rudis
E. Mey-
in-Tsingalala, n. 3. That which does not
bend or relax.
in-Tsingiselo, «. 3. from uku-Singa. Aim,
purpose.
in-Tsini, plur. of u-Sini.
in Tsini-menyo, n. 3. Dissembled laughter.
in-Tsintsana, n. 3. A small thing or matter.
in-Tsinyana, n. 3. Dimin. of in-Tsimi. A
small garden.
in-Tslpd, n. 3. Sediment, yeast, must.
in-Tsitakalo, w. 3. from ukii-Sitakala. That
which is hidden, secret.
in-Tsitelo, w. 3. from uku-Sitela. A secret.
in-Tslt6, n. 3. from uhi-Sita. Protection,
warmth.
uku-TsItsa, V. i. To ooze out or through in
a stream from internal pressure, as water
through a dam, or blood or sweat from the
skin ; to leak, spout ; fig. to confess under
pressure.
— Tsitsisa, v. To cause to spout out ; to
press out water or blood; to shed (tears) ;
fig. wazitsitsisa, he chastised, mortified
his body.
— Tsitsisela, v. To cause to flow out for :
ivabatsitsisela amanzi eweni, he caused the
water to flow out of the rock for them.
uku-Tsivela, Em. To chQ2ii, = ukuTshivela.
u-Ts!ya, n. I. The youngest boy or girl in a
company.
in-Tsiza, «. 3. from uku-Siza. Help, assistance.
in-Tsizana, plur. of ti-Sizana. Dim. intsiza-
ntsizana, the most miserable wretches.
TS
TS
in-Tsizi, plur. of u-Sizi.
in-Ts3zwa, ti. 3. The young soldiers of the
Pondos who have not yet obtained wives,
and who must be helped to get them.
ukuti-Tso, To be sharp, etc.; cf. uku-Tsola.
in-Tso, n. 3. A kidney. Plur. izintso.
in-Tso-nyama, n. 3. The best part of the
meat on the belly behind the shoulden
which is always cut off for the chief, or, at
a marriage, for the bride and bride-
groom ; it is roasted and divided and sent
to their respective huts and must be eaten
by them before they go to church.
uku-Tsoba, v. i. (a) To be restless and
anxious about the effecting of a purpose,
(b) To become small or little, (c) Of a
cow, to give milk mixed with blood.
— Tsobisa, v. To 1-ssen, diminish, make
small.
uku Tsobela, v. i. To run quickly.
in-Tsobi, «. 3. A family likeness or other
similarity between persons; resemblance,
likeness of faces : unentsobi kayise, he looks
like his father.
uku-TsoIa, V. i. To become sharp ; in perf.
to be sharp, as a crag or arrow : intolo zako
zitsolile, thine arrows are sharp; okunye
ukutsola bekuyintsika ngase-Ntla, one crag
rose up on the north.
i-Tsolo, n. 2. A sharp point ; a peak-
adj. Sharp : iutonga elsolo, a sharp pointed
stick ; intaba etsolo, a mountain peak ;
indoda etsolo, an expert, skilful man ;
a dandy.
in-Tsolo, 71. 3, Something standing forth,
springing or growing up on the surface
of a body ; fig. one who speaks disparag-
ingly of his supporter or guardian.
uku-TsoIela, v. To take aim at a point in
view.
— Tsolisa, V. To make sharp, pointed;
fig. to make clear in a speech.
ukutl-Tsololo, V. i. Lento ite-tsololo, this is
finished, at an end.
in-Tsomi, n. 3. from uku-Soina. A folk-lore
story.
in-Tsongelane and in-Tsongelo, «. 3. from
uku-Songela. Threatening.
in-Tsontelelo, n. 3. from uku-Sonta. Anything
twisted or plaited, as a grass bracelet.
in-Tsontelo, n. 3. from uku-Sonta. A thong,
rope or trace.
in-Tso-nyama, see under in-Tso.
in-Tsonyana, n. 3. Dimin of in-Tspmi. used
as adj. Allegorical.
431
Perfectly, absolutely,
Tsotsololo,
altogether.
ukutl-Tsu, = uku- Tsula.
uku-Tsula, V. t. To whisper softly (bad
news); to inform secretly; euphem. to
emit wind from the stomach.
Tsu, adv. Perfectly: tsii ukuba rnnyatna, quite
dark ; yikupe kutsti ?nnyama, carry it out in
the dark.
um-Tsu-mnyama, «. 6. Thick darkness,
very black.
in-Tsuba, n. 3. The skin of an animal, =
u-Fele; fig. the skin bag for holding
ajnasi, = im- Vaba.
in-Tsuduba and in-Tsunduba, «. 3. A stout,
fat, corpulent person.
in-Tsuka, n. 3. from iiku-Suka. Boys' play by
bumping with the posteriors on the ground.
uku-Tsula, see under ukutl-Tsu.
in-Tsula, n. 3. Os ilium, the hip-bone.
in Tsulungeko, «. 3. from uku-Sulwiga.
Order, solemnity, earnestness.
um-Tsu-mnyama, see under Tsii.
in Tsumpa, «. 3. A wart; a mole on the
body ; a protuberance or knot on a tree ;
dimin. intsutnpana.
ubu-Tsumtsum, «. 7. (a) The state of being
soft and pulpy like ripe fruit, (b) A kind
of small reddish ant.
in-Tsunguzi, «. 3. A path through a dark,
dense forest, overshadowed by trees; a
path overgrown with luxuriant vegetation;
a place covered and shady.
in-Tsunguzu, n. 3. Giddiness, swimming in
the head; a swoon, faint.
uku-Tsuntaza, v. i. To totter in walking;
-- uku-Ntsuntaza.
in-Tsuntsu, n. 3. That which is small of
its kind, etc., = i-Ntsuntsu.
ukuti-Tsupe, v. t. To give only a little.
ubu-Tsupelele, n. 7. used as aJ/'. Little.
in-Tsusa, «. 3. from uku-Susa. The fine put
on a man whose wife has run back to her
parents to escape his cruelty, and which
must be paid before he can take her back.
n-TswahIa, n. 3. from ukuti-Swahla. Noise,
bustle.
in-Tsvk'alakahIa, n. 3. used as adj.
ness, as of a horse's mouth.
-Tswane, n. 3. A little food in the
stomach, cf. um-Swane.
u-Tswaru, n. 5. used as adj. Poor, emacia-
ted, lean; reduced in circumstances.
i-Tsweba, n. 2. An old worn out garment
or thing.
in Tswela and in Tsweli, «. 3. from uku-
Sweta. Needy, destitute.
Apuffi-
TS
i-Tswele, n. 2. Orig. wild garlic, for which
itswelc loinlamhd is now used; at present
generic term for onions ; fig. imbewu yama-
tswelc, gunpowder.
in-Tsweliso, «. 3. from uku-Sivela. A state
that requires relief.
in-Tswelo, «. 3. Destitution, = M-5ziWtf.
um-Tswi, H. 6. Em. A thrush ; = m?«-5w/.
ukuti-Tswi, V. i. Em. To be tall and straight :
ndinabe tstvi, I stretched myself full out ; =
tikutl-Cwl.
ukuti-Tswi and uku-Tswina, v. i. To
squeak like young mice; to hiss like a
snake; fig. to speak in a strained, affected,
or unnatural tone of voice.
isi-Tu, n. 4. Meat boiled very soft with
potatoes and curry, a dish prepared for
those who are guests inside the house at a
marriage, fr. Eng. stew.
ukuti-Tu, I. V. i. To be quiet: yit'i-iu, be quiet!
tutuni! be ye (\m&\.\bat'i-tu, they kept silence;
fig. to be no longer or more, denoting the
absence of a thing: ^m «wm//s?, there is no
water; tu nto iviyo, there is absolutely
nothing; iikwenza kuti-tu, to undo, to ruin
utterly.
ukuti-Tu, II. V. i. To appear : welu, he appeared ;
to come suddenly upon an object so as to
catch sight of it : ndakuti-tu kwingonyama,
ndatusivci kniienc, when I caught sight of
the lion, I was much alarmed.
i-Tuba, n. 2. An opening, passage, gap,
break, breach; fig. an excuse or alleged
reason, cause, occasion, an opportunity:
ngatuba tiiiiaf for what reason? loc. etubeni;
dimin. itutyana.
isi-Tuba, //. 4. An opening, gap of a wall,
space, interval, space of iivae : wamisa
isitiiba esikidu pakati koiiisi wake nokayise,
he put a great distance between his and
his father's place ; dimin. tsitutyana.
Phr. usesittibeni or uscsitubeni nsitsho-nje,
you are betwixt and between, you are on
neither side definitely.
uku-Tubela and Tubeleza, v. i. To creep
through a gap or opening; to stoop
through a small opening; to find an
opening through a dense bush, so as to
walk through it and come out on the
other side; fig. to escape pursuit; to get
out, extricate oneself out of difficulties
and dangers, and to use many words for
this purpose.
— Tubelezisa, v. To cause to creep
through, etc.; = Nytbelczisa.
in-Tubane, «. 3. A bulb, etc. ; = in-Tibaiie.
432
TS
Larval and asexual termites.
Porridge made of meal and
in-Tubi, «. 3.
isi-Tubi, n. 4.
sweet milk.
um-Tub5, n. 6. The milk of a cow on the
third day after calving; the yolk of an egg.
adj. Yellowish, pale : into ejntubi, a pale
thing; amehlo amtubi, pale eyes.
ukuti-Tubukushu, v. t. To put, set, plant
in the ground.
i-Tubukulela, «. 2. Passing comment on
what has taken place or transpired.
uku-Tiibula, v. i. To remove the hair from
the skin, or any small pieces of flesh
adhering to the skin of a beast after it is
flayed ; to prepare a kaross by making a
woolly surface on the skin.
uku-Tubungela, v. t. To draw (a thread)
through ; to go smoothly or easily through
a narrow passage.
in-Tubuntubu, = i-Ntubmttubu.
uku-T'UKA, I. V. t. To call one bad names;
to abuse, curse, blaspheme: banditukile,
they have cursed me; uwatuke amantomba-
za/ia vgonino, he cursed the girls by their
mothers,— an exceedingly vile curse.
um-Tuki, n. I. An abuser.
in-Tuko, n. 3. and isi-Tuko, n. 4. Abuse in
words; a curse, blasphemy.
uku-Tukana, v. To abuse each other.
— Tukela, v. To abuse on account of:
itiiditukela-nina? for what, why, do you
abuse me?
uku-Tuka, (ukw-Etuka, uk-Otuka), II. v. i.
To start back from fright; to be startled,
alarmed from fear: 2vctuka akundibona, he
was alarmed when he saw me.
um-Tuki, //. I. One who is startled from
fear.
i-Tuku, n. 2. A larva that lives in the
thatch of houses and in horse-dung; the
bot-fly larva in the nasal cavity of sheep
and other animals. See ukuZtila.
adv. ngetuku, with insight.
in-Tuku, n. 3. Generic name for the golden
mole.
in Tuku yehlati, n. 3. Trevelyan's mole,
Chrysospalax trevelyani Gunth., a large
species of mole found in the forests.
uku Tukuma, v. To beat or throb as the
pulse or a swelling; to have spasms; to
show signs of life.
uku Tukuza, v. To burrow in the ground,
like a mole; to throw up a heap of
ground ; fig. to proceed on a journey on
a dark night when one has to gropq
one's way.
TU
— Tukuzela, v. Of a mole, to uiake the
earth heave as it burrows.
uku-TukuIula, v. t. To untie, unfasten,
loosen a knot; put off (a garment); to off-
saddle. It is slightly different from
tiku-Kulula, to loosen from restraint.
— Tukululeka, v. To become loose.
uku-Tukutela, v. i. To do or go immediate-
ly; to act on the impulse of the moment.
isi Tukutezi, «. 4. Anxiety, disturbance of
mind, uneasiness; anything which causes
distress of mind or apprehension; feeling
of loneliness, dreariness: ndamenzela isi-
tukutizi, I became an object of anxiety to
him.
uku-Tiikutezela, v. To trouble, annoy,
worry: esisandi salitiikutczela ixegokazi,
this noise troubled the old woman; pass.
to be anxious, in anxiety or great fear;
to have anxious care; to be uneasy, un-
comfortable by being haunted with
expectations of coming events.
— Tukutezelela, v. (used mostly in the
passive voice). To be anxious about a
matter; wazituhitezelela, he was anxious
about himself.
isi-Tukutuku, n. 4. Em. An imperfect
apprehension of a subject; perspiration
arising from anxiety and fear : ivabila isi-
tuhitiikii, he was so anxious that he per
spired; dimin. isitukutukwana, a slight
apprehension.
adj. Small, little.
uku-Tukuza, v. i. To shake with fear, to
shew fear in the eyes ; = uhi-Dildzela.
u-Tukuzo, n. 5. Shaking from fear.
in-Tukwane, «. 3- The Cape white-eye,
Zosterops annulosa (Sw.) and the Green
white-eye, Z. virens Sand.
uku-Tula, I. V. t. To take off or down a thing,
as from a shelf, hook or nail: tula incwadi,
take down the book; tula iimnqivazi, take
off your hat ; ndotukva ulnuizima, I shall be
imburdened; hence, fig. to 'takedown' a
garden that has been 'hung up' for sale by
the government.
— Tuleka, v. To fall down, as an article
from a shelf.
— Tulela, V. To take off or down a thing
for, as from a shelf.
— Tulelana, v. To exchange, relieve,
alternate with one another.
— Tulisa, V. To help to remove a burden
from the head or back.
uku-Tula, II. V. i. Em. To leave off speaking;
to be still, silent, quiet, reserved: ti'da,
E3
TU
mntwana! leave off crying, child, i.e. be quiet I
tidani! cease fighting with sticks ! imvula ituli-
le, the rain has ceased ; ulwandle lutulile, the
sea left off roaring, i.e. became calm; =
ukiitl-Tu I.
isi-Tulu, w. 4. A deaf, mute, dumb person.
Em. ndafa isitulu, I was stunned.
ubu-Tuiu, w. 7. Deafness, dumbness.
uku-Tu!eIa, v. Em. To be still, silent,
quiet in respect to or for.
—Tulisa, V. Em. To make still, quiet;
to silence, calm.
u-Tuli, n. 5. Dust ; pi. rw/M//, storm of dust.
adj. Very many: izittto zazintuli, the things
were many.
u-Tulikazi, «. 5. Great dust ; dust-storm.
in-Tulo, n. 3. A land iguana, forming one of
the principal articles of diet of the Bushmen :
utnhlehlo wentulo, the inside fat of the
iguana.
isi-TULO, n. 4. A stool, chair, fr. Du. stoel.
u-Tuio, 71. 5. The lov/erm.ost layer ot thatch
on a house.
um-TuIo, n. 6. The bullock which is driven
to meet the bride with her brides-maids.
uku-Tulula, V. t. To pour out, empty,
especially applied to pouring thick milk
from the milkbag : tulula amasi, pour out
the thick milk.
um-TuluU, n. I. One who pours out.
uku-TuluIela, v. To pour out into, or in a
specific place, or for some one.
uku-Tululisa, v. t. To cause someone to
pour out.
um-Tululisane, «. 6. The changing of
garments.
i-Tuma, n. 3. pi. Whiskers.
u-Tuma, n. 5. An unusually great number
of houses in one place.
i-Tuma, «. 2. The so-called Cape goose-
berry, Physalis peruviana Ni'cs.
isi-Tuma, n. 4. Ground overgrown with
Solanum shrubs.
um-Tuma, n. 6. Generic name for Solanum
plants, esp. S. sodomaeum L. and S. melonge-
na L., the former of which is used for
scrofula, colds, coughs, dysentery, syphilis;
and for distemper in dogs.
um-Tumana, ti. 6. Solanum capense Thun.
uku-T'UMA, V. t. pass, tuitywa. To send, des-
patch: ndamtuma incwadi, I sent him a
letter ; unditum' ihashe, he sends me to fetch
a horse ; miimtiim' iimsehenzi, I charge him
to work; izinto endiziiunywayo, the things
which were sent me ; auditumi mntu, I do
not order anybody to do it.
433
TU
um-Tunywa, «. l. and isi-Tunywa, n. 4.
One sent; a messenger, deputy, apostle:
isitiin\-wa sezuUt, lit. a messenger of
heaven, i.e. an angel.
u-Tunywashe, ;/. I. A thing or person fit
to be used as a messenger or means to
acromplish anything ; a tool, instrument
or animal such as the baboon or the owl,
sent to hurt or injure ; an isilo sokutakata.
uku-Tumana, v. To send one another.
— Tumeka, v. To be fit or good for send-
ing; willing to be sent.
—Tumekelela, v. To be willing to be
sent to and fro or often.
in Tumekelelo, //. 3. Willingness: u-tnoya
unentumckelclo, the spirit is willing.
uku-Tumela, r. To send or despatch to
or for, or for some special purpose:
unditwnele ihashe, he has sent me a horse;
tiditunyehva-uina? why am I sent for?
i-Tumelo, w. 2. Fate, lot, destiny.
in-Tume!o, n. 3. Message.
uku-Tumelana, v. To send to one
another : batumehiTia izipo, they send gifts
to one another.
in-Tumanga, n. 3. Pleasure; adj. Soft.
i-Tumba, n. 2. A boil, abscess ;1oc.^/m7«W«/.
in-Tumbane, w. 3. A stye in the eye; a
small ulcer on the eyelid.
uku-Tumbeza, v. t. To do mischief; to kill
by sending a baboon or snake to another
person.
u"/T'S^to'«:V-] Anomen,portent.e.g.
an owl, baboon or snake, which according
to Kafir belief is sent to do mischief.
i-Tumbu, n. 2. The small intestine of cattle;
fig. a bead necklace. Plur. The intestines
of an animal, the perquisite of the women
in a slaughtered animal : nmntwana tvama-
tiiinbii, the last, youngest child. Phr. izulu
limaiiiinh' entaka, or liinatiimb' esikwenene,
the weather is like a bird's (or parrot's)
entrails, bitter in taste, i.e. the weather
looks like rain, promises but does not ful-
fil; see also isi-Kwcnene ; andinahimnika
amatiimbu am, I can't give him my stomach,
i.e. I have told all, 1 have kept back no
secrets.
u-Tumbu, n. S.=^ i-Tumbu.
ubu-Tumbu, «. 7. The pulpy inside of a
pumpkin, in which the seeds are embedded.
uku-Tumbuka, v. i. To be pierced through;
of the ear or nose, to be perforated.
— Tumbusa, r. ^ To pierce through; to
perforate.
TU
'n-Tumekelelo, i Tumelo and in-Tumelo,
see uku-Tuma.
Tumtum, adj. Soft to the feeling.
uku-Tuncela, v. i. To limp (as though one
leg were shorter than the other).
uku-Tunda, v. i. To void urine (vulgar ex-
pression); fig. uduli luyatunda, the bride's
party is dropping presents, beads, money ;
see u-Duli.
um-Tindo, n. 6. Urine, fig. a present
which the bride's attendants drop at the
bridegroom's village.
uku-Tundela, v. To void water against,
or at any object: elndongeni, against the
wall ; euphem. to impregnate a woman.
in-Tundelo, «. 3. A place where ashes
and sweepings are thrown, an ash-heap.
uku-Tundisa, v. To cause or compel to
void water, or to drop presents.
um-TundisI, n. I. The man who drops
presents at the ukuhlolela.
uku-Tundeza, v. t. To drive an animal
gently, tenderly; to lead (a blind man) ; fig.
to do rmschiQi,- uku-Tumbeza: vdiya kumtu-
tideza, I shall have him, annoy, injure him.
in-Tundezo, n. 3. andu-Tundezo, n. 5. The
driving of a weak animal; also = i«-
Tumbezo.
uku-Tundezela, v. To drive gently to, to
lead to.
isi-Tundu, «. 4. Prospect, expectation of
receiving something.
ukuti-T'UNQAanduku-Tunga, I. v. ^ To pour
out Kafir-beer into tins for drinking; to
strain, bottle, decant : tunga utywala, strain
the beer.
ulwan-Tunge, n. 5. A shiftless person,
unsteady or unstable at his work.
uku-Tungatunga, v. Batungatiinga imizi,
they roamed through the villages, from
village to village.
isi-Tungatunga, //. 4. Perplexity, embar-
rassment of mind.
uku-Tungata, v. To go from house to house.
— Tungela, v. To pour out, strain for.
Phr. batungela izindlu, they go from house
to house.
— Tungelana, v. Batungelana amagumbi,
they went from chamber to chamber.
uku-T'UNQA, II. V. t. To sew, stitch: bazitunga
ingubo zabo, they sewed their clothes.
Phr. tung'umlomo! keep silence!
um-Tungi, n. I. One who sews; a tailor.
u-Tung'umlomo, «. l. Lit. a mouth-
shutter; hence disfranchisement.
i-Tunga, n. 2. A plaited basket used as a
milk-pail; see ukuSengela.
434
tu
in-Tungo, n. 3. The upper part of the hut-
roof as seen from the inside, from which
the cockroaches drop when the fire in
the centre of the hut is strong; also the
thatched roof as a whole, in contrast
with the wall.
isi-Tungwa, n. 4. lit. one whose mouth is
sewn; one who does not speak much,
does not converse.
um-Tungo, n. 6. A sewing, seam ; a piece
of sewing; a piece stitched on to a
garment.
um-Tungwa, «. 6. An unnamed species of
Cryptocarya, that has not yet been seen
in flower; the nutshells are used by boys
as izidla zohtgqishela.
um-Tungwane, n. 6. Chrysophyllum nata-
lense Sond., whose timber is used for
making milk-pails.
uku-Tungeka, v. To be sewn.
— Tiingela, v. To sew on, at or for; to put
on by sewing.
in-Tungele, n. 3. A coarse kind of mat
plaited from rushes.
uku-Tungisa, v. To make or cause to sew.
um-Tungisi, «. I. A teacher of sewing.
in-Tungo, n. 3. The shin-bone. Phr. tikuta-
mbisa intungo, to smear the shin-bones with
fat, applied e.g. to a poor man lending the
one ox in his possession to a rich man in
the hope that some day he will receive the
loan of a span from the rich man.
u-Tungo, n. 5. The smell (of meat or coffee
that is being roasted) carried by the wind
7idiva utungo Iwenyama, I feel the smell of
roasted meat.
isi-Tungu, n. 4. A bundle of grass, leaves or
other light material, a sheaf;
dim. isitungwana.
i-TunguIa, «. 2. The Natal plum,
um-Tungula, n. 6. The tree bearing the
Natal plum, Carissa grandiflora A.D.C.
isi-TunguIa, n. 4. One who does not hear or
see, who is very ignorant.
uku-Tungulula, v. i. Of kittens and other
creatures born with closed eyes, to open
the eyes : azikatiingiduli, the kittens have not
yet opened their eyes; to wake up to the
apprehension of a thing or subject.
in-TunguluIo, «. 3. Opening of the eyes
of newborn animals. ^
in-Tunja, n. 3. An opening; a hole, as through
a roof, wall or rock; dimin. intunjana, a
small opening, crack, rent, chink ; intunjana
yenaliti, the eye of a needle; intunjana zo-
mzimba, the pores of the body.
TU
um-TunJa, w. 6. An opening: imitwija yokuhila,
the pores for perspiration; also a needle's
eye.
uku-TiJinqatunqa, v. i. To eat simply to
lease or oblige.
uku-Tunta, v. i. To walk with a light step.
uku-TuntuIula, v. i. To walk with short
steps ; to trip ; to go far away.
ubu-Tuntu, n. 7. Want of edge in a knife or
other cutting implement, bluntness: izembi
libutuntu, the axe is quite blunt ; fig. dullness :
indlebe zam zibutuniu, I do not hear, I am
foolish.
uku-Tuntubeza, v. t. To blunt the edge of
an instrument; fig. to walk or work
perseveringly.
uku-Tvrntuta, v. t. To cut open a dead
animal; to divide it with a hatchet; fig. to
fight, charge in a war.
in-Tununtunu, «. 3. That v/hich is touchy,
easily irritated, tender, (conscience).
ubun-Tununtunu, n. 7. Pain, suffering,
sickness; fig. a thin-skinned person, one
easily offended.
uku-Tunuka, v. i. To hurt afresh a wound
in another person; to knock a place
already sore.
— Tunukala, v. To be hurt: utunukele, he
has been hurt in an old wound.
— Tunusa, v. To hurt an old wound.
um-Tiinywa, u-Tunywashe. See uku-Tuma.
isi-Tunzela, n. 4. A shade; the ghost or
spirit of a departed person.
i-Tunzi, n. 2. A shady place; shadow;
obscuration of light (representing the form
of a body which intercepts the rays of
light); itunzi lamafu, tbe shadow cast by
clouds ; itiinzi lokufa, shadow of death.
isi-Tunzi, n. 4. A sh.di&O'V!: isitunzi somntu,
the shadow produced by a person ; isitunzi
somhlaba, the shadow of the earth, as seen
in an eclipse of the moon; fig. something
in a man, believed to be possessed by
Europeans and doctored chiefs, which
makes him an object of awe, and a person
of whom others are afraid: kufutwa nama-
yeza okwenza inkosi ukuba zibe nesitiinzi,
(among the Baca) the chiefs are 'steamed'
to make them dreaded (like the Europeans) ;
awe-inspiring: lomfo onesitunzi, an awe-
inspiring man; akanasitunzi, lit. he has no
shade, i.e. weight of character, self- respect.
um-Tunzi, n. 6. (a) Shade of fixed or life-
less objects, e.g. a tree or an umbrella:
masihlale emtuttzini walomti, let us sit in the
435
TU
shade of that tree. (It refers to no parti-
cular form or limit of the shadow, but
simply to its darkness or obscurity).
(b) Red milkwood, Mimusops obovata
Sond.
Tupa 1 intcfj. Look, there it is !
ukuti-Tupa and uku-Tupa, v. t. To indi-
cate or mention a matter to another; to
mention specially; to render prominent
the chief matter; of a tree, to
form buds: inyanga etupa iiuisiiiisi, or
eyofitpa, the month of August when the
Kaiirboom buds.
i-Tupa, n. 2. Talon, paw, toe; footprint
of an animal with talons or claws; the
bud of a tree.
in-Tupa, n. 5. pi. The four finger tips of
the human hand taken collectively, as
opposed to u-Situpa, the thumb: panda
imhtza ngeiitupa, scrape the pot with your
fingers.
ukuTiipaza, = uht- Tupa.
ama-Tiipatupa, n. 2. pi. Proposals.
isi-Tupe, «. 4. Em. Suddenness ; = ?5/-^h/>A
adv. iigesitupe, suddenly.
um-Tuqwa, «. 6. A tawny, fox-coloured
ox; fem. umtiiqw.ikazi. adj. Tawny-coloured,
dun, of a dirty, defaced colour: into
emtiiqwa, a tawny-coloured thing; fig.
disorderly, unwise, imprudent.
uku-Tufa, V. t. Em. To burn certain herbs,
etc., for the purpose of averting mischief;
= uhi-Gqura uinzi.
i-Tufa, n. 2. One who burns certain
things to avert evil.
ubu-Tuf a, n. 7. State of doctoring.
ubu-Tura, n. 7. State of being fast asleep
wabiUttra kona! what a good sleep he had!
uku-Tusa, (ukw-Etusa, uk-Otusa), cans,
form, of iikn-Tuka. To startle, frighten,
alarm.
isi-Tuso, n. 4. Fear, fright, terror, alarm
cf. tim-Etuso.
uku-Tuslieka, v. t. To communicate c
report secretly.
in-Tusheka, n. 3. A secret report.
in-TushuIulu, n. 3. Private conversation
in a public meetmg.
in-Tushuntushu, ;;. 3. Loose, sandy ground.
uku-Tuta, V. t. To take and carry away
tilings from one place to another; of fever,
to carry off people; fig. to rob, maraud.
um-Tuti, «. I. A carrier.
in-Tut6, «. 3. A parcel, load, burden,
cargo: intuto yeiiqivdo, a wagon-load;
intuto yenqanawa, a ship's cargo.
TU
isi-Tuta-ndaba, ;/. 4* One who carries
lies or tales from one to another.
uku-Tutela, v. To carry for another, or
to a place pointed out : tidela indaha,
spread the news.
— Tutelana, v. To come together.
— Tutelanela, v. To come together at a
certain place or for a certain purpose.
— Tutisa, V. To cause or help to bring
away, etc.
Tutu I iiiterj. reduplicated from ukuti-Tii I.
Be quiet! /m/h/h'.' be ye quiet!
uku-Tutuzela, v. i. To lull a child to
sleep, sing a lullaby; to comfort.
um-Tutuzeli, «. I. A comforter.
in-Tutuzelo, ?/. 3. u-Tutuzelo, n. 5. and
um-Tutuzelo, n. 6. Quieting, hushing;
comfort, consolation.
uku-Tutuzelana, v. To comfort one
another.
— Tutuzeleka, v. To be comforted.
u-Tutuze!eko, n. 5. Comfort (subjectively).
i-Tutu, 71. 2. One who takes advantage of a
war to steal and plunder; marauder, robber,
cattle-lifter.
ubu-Tutu, )i. 7. Thieving, robbing, marau-
ding.
uku-TutuIa, V. To carry away something
that belongs to another.
— Tutulisa, V. To cause carrying away.
u-Tutu, 71. 5. Ashes: ukiiba lututii kwebala, to
become pale. adj. Ashy pale.
uku-Tutuka, v. i. To become larger; to
grow, increase.
uku-TutuIufa, v. To make an army invul-
nerable by charms.
i-Tutulufa, 71. 2. A mischievous person,
witch, Kafir-doctor.
uku-Tutumba, v. i. To ache; to throb, as a
suppurating wound.
in-Tutunibd, n. 3. Throbbing, acute pain
from outer inflammation ; torment.
uku-Tutumbeka, v. To have an aching
pain ; to be vexed, tormented.
— Tutumbela, v. To throb violently ; to
torment: tidattiiuujdiva 7iga7Tieva, the
thorns tormented me; isaiidla siyanditutu-
7iihela, my hand throbs very much.
in-Tutunjelo, ?/. 3. Sorrow, grief.
uku-Tutuinbisa, v. To cause aching
pain; to cause pain of body and mind.
um-Tutumbisi, «. I. Tormentor.
uku-Tutumela, v. i. To tremble, quiver
with fear; to be nervous; to feel trembling
anxiety: iinokiitiituntela okukulii, he has, or is
under, great anxiety.
436
TU
in-Tutumelo, n. 3. Fear, trembling.
uku-TutumelJsa, v. To pretend to
tremble.
uku-Tutuzela, etc., see under Ttitii.
in-Tutwane, n. 3. A person afflicted with
epileptic fits.
isa-Tutwane, «. 4- An epileptic fit.
i-T«tyana, M. 2. Dim'm. of i Tuba. A small
space or opening, a little while, a small
opportunity.
u-Ttlvi, n. 5. The excrement of men and
living animals.
um-Tuwa, n. 6. A kind of tree.
u-Tuzu!u, «. 5. used as adj. Dark, dismal,
doleful, mournful; fig. that which is in-
distinctly seen or understood.
um-Twa, ti. I. A Bushman.
ili-Twa, «. 2. The trumpeter hornbilj,
Bycanistes bucinator (Temm.).
ama-Twa, n. 2. pi. Equals.
adj. Like : iziiito zingamatwa-totsc, things are
alike.
uku-Twabaza, v. i. To spend a night with-
out sleep.
i-Twabe, n. 2. Sound made by a dymg
person; hiccough of death.
uku Twabulula, v. t. To stretch out a skin
to dry, by pegging it to the ground; to
stretch out a garment, to remove folds and
wrinkles; to unroll a coil; of a bird, to
stretch out its wings to fly ; to plough to a
great extent, to a long distance,
um-Twabululi, n. I. One who stretches
out.
isi-Twabululo, tt. 4- A stretching out,
extension, expansion ; the firmament.
uku-Twabululela, v. To stretch out for:
isandla sake utivabululela oliisizana, she
stretcheth out her hand to the poor.
— Twabuhika, v. i. To be stretched
out, spread out, extended, expanded.
i-Twabuzi, «. 2. (a) A kind of bird,
(b) A small insect.
ukuti-TwahIa, v. i. To be full: umlatnbd iite-
twahln, the river w^as quite full.
adv. indlu yazala twahla, the house was quite
full ; lento tmhlope twahla, this thing is per-
fectly white.
in-Twaki, n. 3. Appeal, urging.
adv. Constantly, continuously.
uku-Twakula, v. t. To chev/ hastily; to
speak hastily ; fig. to become angry ; to be
blown up with anger; to forget.
viku-Twakusa, v. To chew fine
imitate chewing.
TW
in Twakumba, n. 3. A flea, ^his form is
used by old people; cf. in-Tahmha).
Phr. kuklivsw' intwakumha,\t is skinning a
flea, i. e. it is splitting a hair.
isi-Twakumbe, «. 4. A great work or action.
i-Twakutwaku, n. 2. Any natural hard
substance, which when saturated with
water becomes soft and yielding ; fig. a
cowardly pQvson,^ i-Takutaku.
uku-Twakuza, v. i. To babble, chatter.
in-Twala, n. 3. A louse.
uku-TW'AL A, ?■. t. pcrf. tivele. To carry, bear a
burden : hanitvi'ala ofayo ngoktiko, they carried
the sick person on a bed ; of a tree, to bear
fruit; fig. to endure, bear: tabatani idyokwe
yam niyitivale, take my yoke upon you. Phr.
wamtwala tigeiitshmitshe, he stabbed him;
ukutwala tigatnehlo, to be fierce, wild, excited,
incensed; ukutwal' ityala, to incur blame;
ukuyitwala tntombt, to abduct or carry off a
girl. A girl who is being so abducted may
yell piteously (yo mama) without attrac-
ting any notice, as the matter is too often
done by arrangement with her friends.
Often enough, however, the phrase simp-
ly means 'to elope with', as the young man
and the girl have planned the matter
between them, with the purpose of hasten-
ing the marriage or of avoiding the expense
incurred by marriage.
um-Twali, n. I. One who carries burdens;
a porter.
i-Twala, w. 2. A waiter, groom.
i-Twa!a-ndwe, n. 2. in-Twala-ndwe,
11. 3. and isi-Twala-ndwe, «. 4. A warrior
who is adorned with the black wing-
feathers of the blue crane, in recognition
of distinguished bravery; a man of
honour, rank or distinction ; a great,
respectable councillor.
isi-Twalo, n. 4. Anything, as a cap, worn
on the head.
um-Twalo, n. 6. Burden, load, freight :
umiwalo warn iilula, my burden is easy.
uku-Twalela, v. To carry for another, or
to a certain place: amadoda amtwalela pa-
ndle, the men carried him out.
— Twalelana, v. To bear for one another:
twalelafiani uhunzima, bear ye one another's
burden ; to be very angry, wrathful
with each other.
— Twalisa, v. To lay a burden on another;
to load, burden ; to help to carry.
— Twalisana, v. To help one another to
carry: tv-alisanani ubunzima, bear one
another's burdens.
437
TW
— Twallsisa, To help to carry ison.ditwalis!-
sa iukalazo yam isiiiqenqelo sam, my couch
shall ease my complaint.
in-Twana, Dimin. of iti-To. n. 3. A small
thing or quantity: ndipe intwana yamasi,
give me a little milk. Dimin. intwanana, a
very small thing or qu?LX\i\\y ; intwanantwrnia,
trifles.
um-Twane, w. 6. The broken-off end of a
pumpkin-shoot, used as a vegetable.
um-Twari, n. l. One who speaks much; a
babbler.
in-Twafi, ?/. 3. Babbling, saying or speak-
ing too much.
uku-Twasa, r. /. (a) To come out, appear
gradually ; to come into view ; to com-
mence : inyanga itwasile, the new moon has
appeared i.e. it is new moon; ekutwaseni
kwenyanga, at the time of new moon;
isilimela siyatwasa, the Pleiades make
their appearance; litwasile ihloho, summer
has commenced, when buds and grass put
forth.
(b) To go through the process of being
made a witchdoctor; the novice is sum-
moned by the imishologu in a dream to enter
on his calling ; he then goes to the river
and keeps out of sight for about two weeks
after which he returns to the kraal ; he is
not ready to begin practising till he has
been instructed by an is'muse: eligqira
Utivasilc, this doctor has commenced
practice, has become quite a new man i.e.
he no .V holds intercourse with the invisible
world.
in-Twaso, n. 3. and u-Twaso, n 5-
Beginnin "; medicinal practice; renewal.
uku-Tw^sisa, v. To initiate into profession-
al practice, as old doctors a young
unpractised one.
um-TwasisJ, H. l. The isamise who instructs
the apprentice witch-doctor; hence, a
teacher, professor.
i-Twashutwashii, //. 2. A soft, welltanned
skin.
i-Twatwa, «. 2. The upper leather of shoes;
a dressed hide for making thongs or whip-
cords; fig. parchment, document.
u-Twatwasi, n. 5. That which has become
yellow, poor in body, or is falling away.
ukuti-Tvk'axa, v. 1. To flash, lighten; to beat
often on the body.
njr. Repeatedly: watimla twaxa, he
sneezed repeatedly.
isi-Twayi, w. 4. Lowness of condition in
cattle which in consequence are losing
blood through ticks, ama-Kalan*.
TW
in-Twazana, «. 3. Dimin. feminine form
from in-To. A young girl.
i-Twazi, n. 2. A fast runner.
u-Twazi, n. 5. and um-Twazi, n. 6. Monkey-
rope from a wild wine, Vitis thunbergii
E. and Z., or other strong fibrous substance,
used for binding in building and thatching
houses.
am-Twazo, «. 6. A girdle used to beat
children with.
ukuti-Twe, %>. i. To be open, wide, large.
in-Tweba, n. 3. Different, mixed things.
um-Twebeba, n. 6. The waxlike substance
used by bees for filling up any opening in
the hive, and for closing it up in the winter
season to keep out the cold.
uku-Twebekesha, v. t. To snatch away.
i-Twebu, n. 2. (a) The fine inside bast of
trees, (b) A slice, adj. Clean and neat.
uku-TwebuIa, v. i. To tear from a hide
the pieces of flesh that are still adhering to
it after the animal has been flayed; to tear,
strip bark from trees, or the thin fibrous
parts from a thong; to cut a slice off"; fig.
lazitii'ebida ilitye entabcni, a stone tore or
loosened itself from the mountain ; fig. to
call speciall}': vdihvetytihve, I was specially
called.
um-Twetyulwa, n. I. One who has been
specially called by the spirits of one's
ancestors.
uku-TwebuleIa,T'. used in pass. To be called
or separated for : u-Aron loatwetyulelwa
ukiiba aiigcwaliswe abe yingcwele kangcwele,
Aaron was separated, that he should be
sanctified and become the holiest of the
holy.
u-Twekesha, h. 5. A person or kaross not
daubed with fat; fig. a good-for-nothing
fellow.
uku-Twela, v. t. To speak without stopping.
isi-Twenetwene, n. 4. A dwarf.
uku-Tweiitula, v. t. To take away or off
(grass, etc.) ; to clean superficially.
uku-Twesa, v. t. contracted from uku-Twa-
lisa. To put something on the head
for wearing; to crown. Em. To place a
burden on a person's head : nditweswe ngit-
mhlobo warn, I was made to carry (seed) by
my friend, i.e. my friend has given me a
supply of seed to carry home on my head ;
to give advice to another, used specially
of witchdoctors instructing apprentices in
the use of poison: ndamtwha ngamaceho,
I gave him advice.
u-Tw^so, «. 5. Crowning.
438
TW
uku-Twdtwa, V. i. To creep along slowly
(in hunting), like a cat; to sneak or slink
secretly into a place; fig. to speak softly as
when giving a secret hint, or as one who
is afraid to speak openly ; to be a tell-tale ;
see uku-Dla.
— Twetwisa, v. To talk to secretly; to
bribe.
um-Twetwa pantsi, «. 6. = um-Ts/ietsha
pantsi.
uku-Tweza, v. t. To stretch out an elastic
thing; to spread out (a newspaper),
ubu-Twezi, n. 7. used as adj. : into ehiUwe-
zi, a thing understandable.
uku-Twezeka, v. To be stretched out.
uku-Twiba, f. /. To milk into the mouth;
= Ntshwiba.
uku-Twibisha, v. i. To criticise; to pick a
hole, find out a matter for dissatisfaction.
i-Twina, w. 2. A mongrel dog.
i-Twiniba, «. 2. The lower part of the calf,
immediately above the ankle.
uku-Twisha, v. t. To gnaw a bone: iiyazi-
twisha, he scratches an itching place.
um-Twisha, n. 6. The bast or inner bark
of the mimosa, eaten in time of famine.
Twize I inter j. Hold your tongue I
ulu-Tya, n. 5. plur. izintyn. A long thong.
um-Tya, «. 6. Something to bind with, as a
small band, thong, cord, boot-lace. Phr.
ngumtya netunga, it is the reim and the milk-
pail, i.e. they are inseparable. Dimin.
wntyana.
ukuti-Tya, I. v. t. To beckon: ngenlshiyi,
with the eyelashes.
ukutela-Tya, v. Wamtela-tya, he beckoned
to him.
ukuti-TyS, II. v. t. To throw away: wayiti-
tya ingubo yakS, he put down his garment ;
onmye umlenze ukutshwe tya pantsi, one leg is
taken off and put down (by the ama-Zim
when hunting).
ukuti-Tya, III. v. t. To come out into the
open country, as when in climbing a moun-
tain one reaches the top and gets a view of
an extent of country previously hidden
from him: watt-tya entabeni, he came out on
the top of the mountain = uku-Qahela; also
= ukuteta ngokupandle.
ukuti-Tya, IV. v. i. To be seen clearly, open-
ly, distinctly, as a thing lying flat on the
hand or in a dish; fig. lati tya entliziywei
it (the word) flashed upon the mind, i,e, be-
came clear, was understood,
uku-Tya, v. t. pass, tyitva. To eat, take food,
consume: itito etyiwayo, an edible thing; fig.
to cheat: uty' igazi /ci;h, he cheated me of
TV
my wages. Phr. ngatl ndimtye ngapakati^
it seems as if I had eaten him, i.e. I hate him
very much. «. 8. Food of any kind; ukutya
kuencanda, a creeper with large fleshy bul-
bous root called the elephant's foot; ukutya
kivamehlo, a show, spectacle; ukutya kwetne-
la, the sharp edge of a knife.
ama-Tya, w. 2. pi. Pieces of meat cut
from the breast part.
isi-Tya, n. 4. Vessel for eating and drink-
ing from ; basket, plate, dish, basin, cup,
etc, Dimin. isityana. Phr. isitya esihle
asidleli, the pretty dish is not for eating
out of, i.e. it is kept for ornament.
uku-TyJsa, v. To cause to eat; to feed;
to chew the cud ; to ruminate,
um-Ty!so (um-Etyiso), w. 6. The cud of
animals.
Tyabal interj. Look! you will see it!
ukuti-Tyaba, v. To be flat, even, plain;
visible, apparent; aX?,o = uku-Tyabeka,
isi-Tyaba, n. 4. used as adj. Flat, even,
plain.
uku-Tyaba, u To enjoy whatever one eats;
to eat with relish.
uku-Tyaba, v. i. To come or spring from,
as water from a fountain; to shoot forth,
squirt, spurt, as water from a syringe or
fire-engine,
V. t. To throw a wooden spear.
in-Tyabi, n. 3. An expert in throwing a
spear.
u-Tyabo, «. 5- The throwing of a pointed
wooden spear used by boj^s.
uku-Tyabisa, v. To miss in throwing.
i-Tyabakazi, ". 2. (a) A fat woman pleasing
to her husband or paramour; applied
specially to Maqoma's wives who attended
him in his journeys on horseback, (b) A
gathering of women.
uku-Tyabatyeka, v. i. To make a peculiar
movement of the body in dancing.
uku-Tyabaza, v. i. To lounge, loiter.
— Tyabatyabaza, v. To do nothing but
loiter about.
uku-Tyabeka, v. t. pass, tyatyekwa. To
plaster a wall or house, Phr, wamtyabeka
ngezandla, he boxed his ears.
um-Tyabeki, n. I. A plasterer.
i-Tyabongo, n. 2. Money.
in-Tyabontyi, v. 3. General name for all
wild water-melons.
ukuti Tyabutyabu, v. - uku-Tyabuka.
uku-Tyabuka, v. i. Of the skin, to be chafed
or abraded; to be galled by riding.
TY
— Tyabula, v. t. To chafe, so as to cauic
an open wound or sore ; to lacerate by
scourging: VMty.-.tyiikva, he was scourged.
is!-Tyada!a, 7*. 4. used as adj. Very hard
(head, forehead).
um-Tyadidi, n. 6. Negligence, carelessness,
leaving things lying about in disorder.
ukuti-Tyafa and uku-Tyafa, c. /. To be
weak (in the limbs) ; to have lassitude,
want of strength or vigour; to languish,
faint: tigokuba hahctyafdc, because they
were distressed; utyaJiU', he is sick, weak,
cannot run fast.
in-Tyafo, u. 3. Lassitude, languor.
uku-Tyafela, v. To be weak, inactive,
sluggish in respect of: halyafehi hwi lika
T'lxo, they are sluggish in using God's
word.
— Tyafisa, v. To make or cause fainting
or laziness; to make weak: leiilo iyakutya
fisa amatainho am, this will weary my
bones.
— Tyafisela, v. To weaken for: izizivc
zizityajisela okiilambatayo, the nations
weary themselves for vanit3^
uku-Tyaka, v. i. To advance (in learning);
to impel, urge oneself.
isi-Tyakala, n. 4. A stupid, reckless, good-
for-nothing, thoroughly demoralized person.
ubu-Tyakala, n. 7. Stuj)idity, recklessness.
uku-Tyakatya, v. t. To beat very much
and often; to lacerate in flogging and
scourging; to cut open, as in lancing a
tumour, or cutting a piece of meat in two ;
lig. to plod along on a journey.
i-Tyakuva, n. 2, A pustule, as in small-pox;
= i-Qakuva.
i-Tyala, «. 2. Guilt, debt, fault, offence,
misdemeanour, crime: kivat'nva nnetyala,
it was said that he was guilty; ityala clibo-
invu, red, i.e. great, guilt; a law-case
or action in court ; ityala lake lindaldekile,
he has lost his case ; ukninnxiba ityala, to ac-
cuse one ; ukunika ityala. to charge or accuse ;
iikutcta ityala, to investigate and adjudicate
a law-case; pi. court of justice: ndiya ema
fyalciii, I am going to court; ivatuina ema-
tyaleni, he sent to execute judgment.
Used in woe. — nkosi! plur. luatyala, gentle-
men of the jury !
Phr. akidyaV oko, that does not matter;
kiityala-nina ? what is the matter .? }
uku-Tyala, v. t. To put into the ground with
the hand; to plant a tree; to sow seed:;
watyala intanga, she sowed piuiipkin seed.
um-Tyali, n. I. A planter. i
TY
isi-Tyalo, II. 4. That which is planted, a
plant.
u-Tyalo, «. 5. A planting,
uku-Tyaleka, r. To be planted, set.
uku-Tyala, v. t. perf. tyalUc. To thrust or
push a person av/ay or forward; to push or
drive away a person.
— Tyalana, v. To push one another, to
struggle together.
— Tyalela, v. To push or thrust forward for
or towards: bamtyalela pambtli, they
thrust him forward (to speak) .
i-TYALI, w. 3. A shawl, fr. Du. sjaal, S. A.
Du. tjallie.
i-TYALiKE, 11. 3. A church-building, fr. Du.
kerk.
i-TYALITI, n. 3. Money, fr. Du. geld.
uku-Tyalusela, v. i. To be straight-forward,
frank, candid, open ; to speak out ; to do
a thing distinctly; to cry out, shout in joy
or sorrov/.
ubu-Tyalwa, Kafirbeer ; = ii-Tywala.
uku-TyambalaSa, v. i. To lie fiat on the
ground, prostrate, as one dead; to writhe.
uku-Tyambalaza, v. i. To be wrung; to
writhe with pain.
uku-Tyambuka, v. i. To burst open.
ubu-Tyamfele, n. 7. Stupidity.
isi-Tyamtyam, «. 4. A stupid person = w/-
Tyakala.
um-Tyana, n. 6. Dim. of tim-Tya. A wire,
etc.
isi-Tyana, n. 4. Dimin. of isi-Tya. A small
vessel or basket,
uku Tyaiida, v. t. To cut open the skin on
the legs and belly in skinning an animal; to
lance or cut open a boil or abscess ; to lay
open by cutting, as a piece of meal ; to wink,
Phr. ukidyaiuf igila, to vent a secret; see
also i-Dlala.
— Tyandfcia, v. To cut open for another:
ndityandele inyania, cut up this meat for
me. Phr. ivauddyanJcla iigoshiyi, he gave
me a sign by raising his brows.
— TyandeSana, v. To wink at one
another : inabangatya.'iJclain ngoshiyi aba-
nditiyayo ngclisc', let not those that hate
me without a cause wink at me.
uku-Tyandyu!uka, /-, /, To speak loud,
weep, cry.
u-TyanJ, n. 7. Pasture, grass, hay ; grass
growing in the maizefields, weeds : utyaiii
balomhlaba biihle, the pasture of this coun-
try is good ; loc, ehutyanini.
in-Tyankabila, n. 3. That which is dark and
deep.
TV
i-Tyanti, n. 3. That which is not loved: unya-
va oUtyanti, a son not beloved.
ama-Tyantyala, n. 2. pi. (a) Superabund-
ance, superfluity; overflowing of amasi.
(b) Beads.
in-Tyantyamb6, «. 3- A flower ; see in-Tya-
tyamho.
uku-Tyantyula, v. i. To bolt, run away
violently.
ukuti-Tyapa, To shine out upon, etc. ; = M^'wd-
Capa.
uku-Tyapa, v. i. To do well ; to do an action
seasonably, opportunely, satisfactorily; to
be fortunate, lucky: tyapa izinja ezi zinga-
kwazi ukukwela emitini, it is lucky the dogs
cannot climb trees; used with adverbial
sense : utyapile iikuza, you have done well
to come ; utyapile ukutsho, you have rightly
said so.
uku-Tyapaka, v. i. To be blinded by an injury
to the eye : hangahantu abalyapake amehlo,
they are persons whose eyes are so injured
that they cannot see.
— Tyapaza, v. t. To injure or destroy the
eyes : wabatyapaza amehlo, he put out their
eyes.
ukuti-T>ara, v. t. Of lightning, to strike
suddenly.
uku-Tyasha, v. t. To cut open, e.g. meat or
ground, etc. ; = ukn-Tyesh'i.
ukuti-Tyate and uku-Tyata, v. t. To carry a-
cross the shoulder and under the arm (gun,
blanket).
um-Tyat6, n. 6. (a) Anything worn or
carried across the shoulder, (b) An ox
whose horns lean back to the shoulder
like goats' horns.
i-TYATANGA,7i.2. A chain, iron fetter, fr.Du,
ketting.
Hintsa is said to have summoned a number
of old Fingos once, and to have offered a
heifer to anyone of them who could pro-
nounce this word. They all tried in vain,
saying Tsh'ttanga.
u-Tyatu, n. 5. Wild spinach, = m- TJ'm/m.
uku-Tyatya, v. t. To cut open, tear asunder
an animal that has been flayed.
uku-Tyatyamba, v. i. To burst oat; to
flower, blossom; fig. to throb, ache, as a
swelling or wound; to^ thunder hard;
tikutyatyamba kwamatamho, rheumatism.
in-Tyatyambo, ;/. 3- A blossom, flower;
fig. rheumatic pain.
uku-Tyatyambisa, v. To stun by crying
and scolding.
F3 441
TY
ukuti-Tyatyasini, v. t. To speak clearly,
openly, intelligibly.
i-Tyatyatya, w. 2. Haste.
ukuti-Tyatyatya, v. i. Of a falling tree, to
creak.
uku-Tyatyazela, v. i. To make a noise
like the cracking of timber, or like the
splitting of a large piece of wood; fig.
to gallop.
ukuti-Tye, v. i. To be straight, even: indlela
ite-tye, the path is straight; zenzeni ziti-tye
indlela, make the paths straight ; fig. to be
of straightforward, upright character.
ili-Tye, n. 2. (a) A stone in general: ilitye
lembombo, a corner-stone: ilitye lokusila, a
millstone; ilitye itself is also used for a
mill; a weight for measuring; dimin.
ilityana.
Phr. tigamatye ascmanzini, they are stones
in the river, never melting, i. e. they
remain uninfluenced by their surroundings,
applied to those who live in the midst of
Christian influences but remain unaff"ected ;
see also uku-Gaya.
adj. Hard as stone: untliziyo tye, one
whose heart is like stone; rough,
uneducated, uncivilized.
(b) Pappea capensis Eckl, so called from
its hard fruit.
ubu-Tye, n. 7. Hardness, roughness, rude-
ness, impoliteness.
i-Tyeba, n. 2. A thin, smooth thong; a split
rush for plaiting baskets.
uku-TYEBA, v. i. To be fat; to be rich:
iiikabi ityebile, the ox is fat ; fig. ubunqina
bake batyeba, his evidence was satisfactory;
to abound: nityeba elutandweni, ye abound
in love.
i-Tyeba, n. 2. A fat or rich person.
isi-Tyeba and isi-Tyebi, w. 4. A rich
person; see uku-Nqola.
u-Tyebo, n. 5. and ubu-Tyebi, n. 7- Fat-
ness, riches, wealth ; cf. in-Dyebo.
uku-Tyebisa, v. To make fat, fatten; to
make rich : ndatyetyistva nini, I was made
rich by you ; fig. tyebisa lendawo, or ilizwi
lako or ukuteta kwakd, prove or illustrate
this point or word ; strengthen the position
you have laid down; yityebise leukoma,
fatten this cow, said to a person who
brings a lean cow for lobola purposes or
who is killing a lean cow at a marriage-
feast, i.e. substitute a fatter animal or
make this one worthy of the occassion by
adding one or two sheep to it.
TY
— TyebJsela, v. To enrich for a pur-
pose: tiitl ngendawo zonke nityetyisch
ekiinyaniseni konke, ye being enriched in
everything unto all sincerity.
i-Tyebenga (tribal) ; = isi-Gebenga.
uku-Tyeda, v. t. To open out, stretch any-
thing made of metal, as a ring; to bend a
bow, cock a gun ; isapeta bayasityeda, they
bend the bow.
um-Tyedi, n. I. An archer.
um-Tyedwana, n. 6. Leaning: indhi iuom-
tyedwana, the house will fall.
uku-TVEFA, V. t. To poison, e.g. by putting
something in one's food, fr. Du. gift.
i-TYEFU, «. 3. Poison.
ukuti-Tyefe, v. t. To weaken or enervate
a person, as a long draught of amasi on a
hot day may do.
i-Tyefetyefe, n. 2. That which is weak,
not strongly built.
uku-Tyefeza, v. i. To be slow in doing,
acting, working, etc.
u-Tyefezo, n. 5. Slowness, as of the
tortoise.
uku-Tyeka and Tyekeka, v. i. To move
aside, so as to allow another person to
pass; to turn away a little; to go in a
zig-zag course ; fig. to talk in a rambling
way.
— Tyekela, v. To bend, turn towards a
certain place; to be inclined to: watyekela
cala, he turned aside, deviated, departed
from the right way.
— Tyekisa, v. To cause to turn aside ; to
cast aside; to neglect wilfully.
— Tyekisela, v. To cause to turn
aside to : ahafazi haka-Solomon hayityekise-
la itttliziyo yake ckiilanJeleni t'lxo bamb'i,
Solomon's wives turned his heart aside
after other gods.
ukuti-Tyeketyeke, Ty^ketye or Tyekete,
V. i. To be weak, soft, loose, lax, flabby,
ductile, pliable; weary, languid, fainting;
to be on the point of falling down when
cut off by a sharp instrument.
i-Tyeketyeke, n. 2. Any soft, yielding
substance, wanting in rigidity, as a
person in a fainting fit : ndamfumaiia lo-
mntu elityeketyeke, I found this person in a
state of collapse; to hang loose, as a
bridle; uinkala otyeketycke, a snaffle bit.
isi-Tyeketye, n. 4. A weak, soft thing;
something with glazed or glassy appear-
ance, as the eyes of an owl.
ubu-Tyeketyeke, 11. 7. Weakness, es-
pecially of character.
TY
u-Tyeketlso, «. 5. used as adj. To do a
thing lightly, by half measures ; to be slack,
not tense or tight.
uku-Tyekeza, v. i. Of a child, to cast up
milk when it gets too much; to throw up
or out, let spill or leak out, so that little or
nothing remains: loinntwana uyatyekeza, the
child throws up milk.
uku-TYELA, v. t. To instruct orally; to
inform, relate, narrate, tell: mandikutyele,
let me tell you ; pass, to be taught, rebuked,
to get it thick and fast (in words) ; to be
routed. Phr. elokufa (ixesha) alityeli, death
gives no notice, comes unexpectedly; see
also til-Opu.
i-Tyela, «. 2. One who narrates, a nar-
rator.
i-Tyelo, h. 2. and u-Tyelo, n. 5. A report,
narrative, statement. Phr. indnba yotyelo
ayikdlisi miilu, the news of the report
does not satisfy anybody, i.e. one must
see for oneself.
uku-Tyelela and Tyelelela, v. To visit a
person or locality : ndityelele kiiye, I have
visited him.
in-Tyelelo, n. 3. A visit.
uku-Tyelisa, v. To cause to tell, relate,
etc. ; to go on telling, etc.
— Tyelisisa, v. To tell, etc., clearly,
particularly; to explain, set forth by
instances.
i-Tyeleba, n. 2. A kind of mint.
i-TYELI, n. 2. A time, turn, as in yityeli yam
( = hutgant), it is my turn ; fr. Du. keer.
i-TYENDYANA, H. 2. A fine young man; a
swell ; fr. Eng. gentleman.
i-Tyeneba, «. 2. Dislike, disinclination,
aversion: kwapuni' ityencba, there came or
arose dislike.
uku-Tyeneneza, v. t. from ukuti-Tye. To
make straight, even : witty enenezetii umendo,
make the path straight.
— Tyenenezela, v. To make the way
straight or smooth for a person.
i-Tyenisi, //. 2. A leopard skin.
i-TYENJANA, = i-Tyendyaiia.
uku-Tyesha, v. t. To pickle, put into salt or
lard; to cut meat into slices for roasting;
fig. to irrigate land and plough it.
V. i. To be lazy, slow, in careless ease,
indolent, apathetic, waiting for something
to turn up, without care or caution; to be
haughty, stubborn: inkahi ityeshile, the
bullock does not move though beaten.
— Tyeshela, v. To cut off a piece of
meat for (a person) : shntyeshelelomntu,we
are against this person.
TY
i-Tyeshelo, n. 2. An edible plant.
i-TYESi, «. 3. A chest, box, fr. Du. kist.
isi-Tyetyana, n. 4. Dimin. of isityebi. A
person who has risen somewhat in the
world and has some money and who is very
boastful and puffed-up in consequence.
ukuti-Tye-tye, v. i. To lie stretched out,
straight, even.
in-Tyewu, n. 3. A champion, a fellow; cf.
in-Kewu.
i-Tyeya, n. 2. A chest, box, made from a
stump of a tree ; any utensil in which things
are put away ; a coffin. Dimin. ityeyana.
ili-Tyi, n. 2. Only used in loc. ety'ini. The
women-folk taken collectively and includ-
ing the girls : tata esisitya usise kivabasetyini,
take this dish (of food) to the company of
women ; ndifike ahasetyini behleli ngasesibayeni
samatble, I found the women-folk sitting by
the calves' kraal.
ukuti-Tyi, v. To move forward a little on the
way : yiti-tyi kulondlela, go forward on that
path; to go with a person part of the way:
wanditt-iyi, he accompanied me part of the
way.
ukuti-Tyi, v. To get up early in the morning;
to open up for the purpose of letting in
light or of disclosing to view; to appear
come to light: ukuzitl-tyi, to expose oneself
to view; to give forth one's views on a
matter.
um-Tyi, n. 6. The space between two things
an opening, open space, without obstruc-
tions: tifntyt womnyango, an opening into a
house, a doorway; the open space between
door and post ; mnty'i wezulu, an opening of
clear sky between clouds ; iimty'i wasehlatini,
an opening through a forest.
uku-Tyiba, v. t. pass, tyitywa. To cast away
chewed sweet cane; to wipe off sweat; to
sweep away water or dirt or disperse it on
the ground.
— Tyibela, v. To throw about refuse,
especially the peelings of sweet cane, in
a slovenly manner: mus'ukutyibela ama-
kambt weiijenjc? do not throw about sweet
cane peelings like this! fig, to repeat.
ukuti-Tyibilili, v. To slip, as when running
on a muddy road or in crossing a river; fig.
yat'i-tyibilili umntwana oyinkwenkwe, she gave
birth to a son.
uku-Tyibilika, v. i. To slip, slide.
— Tyibilikela, v. To slide to a certain
place : watyibilikela emva, he tell back or
away, deserted, became a back-slider.
— Tyibilikisa, v. To cause to slip or slide.
— Tyibiliza, v. t. To cause to slide.
443
TY
. um-Tyibilizi, n. 6. Hobbling, limping.
adj. Slippery.
i-Tyibo, n. 2. A kind of tree.
isi-Tyida, w. 4. An animal with protruding
forehead like the buffalo.
uku-Tyida, v. i. To inlay lead or other metal
or ivory in wood or stone, especially used
of inlaying pipe bowls; to cast lead balls;
to melt.
um-Tyidi, ti. I. One who inlays pipe-bowls.
u-Tyido, n. 5. and um-Tyido, n. 6. Inlaying,
casting.
uku-Tyidela, v. To cast for.
ubu-Tyifili, w. 7. Stupidity, folly.
uku-Tyikatyika, v. i. To roll about (in mud) ;
to wallow, welter.
— Tyikatyikeka, v. To be in the state of
weltering; to wallow: watyikatyikeka
egazini, he lay weltering in his blood.
— Tyikatylkekisa, v. To roll a person,
etc., in the mud, etc.
ukuti-Tyiki, v. i. To be jet black.
uku-Tyikila, v. To soil by dragging on
the ground; to rub the body with fat,
with medicine, or with meat in the
ceremonial rites of i-Gcube.
— Tyikileka, v. To be soiled, besmeared;
fig. watyikilcka yintsini, he (rolled) split
his sides with laughing.
uku-Tyikitya, v. t. (a) To pull, drag, tear
about with the mouth or teeth: inyama
yatyikitywa ywja, the meat was pulled about
by the dog; to soil the meat in slaughtering;
to bite over and over; fig. to take what
pleases one : to treat people as a dog treats
its prey; to annoy, irritate, insult,
(b) To roll over and over : uyazliyikitya,
he rolls himself (in mud) ; = iikii-Qikiqa.
um-Tyikityo, n. 6. Wallowing.
uku-Tyikityana, v. To worry each other:
impi ziyaiyikityana, the armies have
skirmishes, harass each other.
uku-Tyila, v. t. To make manifest, reveal:
ukutytla ipupa, to interpret a dream ; euphem.
to uncover, bare, denude : ukumtyila inipundu,
to show him the posteriors (which is count-
ed very disgraceful); uiigandityili, do not
uncover me.
um-Tyili, n. I. One who reveals.
isi-Tyilo, n. 4. Revelation,
uku-Tyileka, v. To become manifest, re-
vealed, open, known.
— Tyilela, v. To reveal to : ngohiba ezizinto
wazity'ilela tina, for these things thou
didst reveal to us.
um-Tyileli, «. I. An interpreter.
TV
isi-Tyilelo, n. 4. and u-Tjilelo, //. 5.
Revelation to: isityUclo sika-Yohatie, the
revelation of, i.e. to, John.
uku-Tylliza, v. t. Em. To nudge, give a push
with the eWiOVi,- ukii-Ciliza.
izi-Tyimi, w. 4. pi. Skimmed milk.
ukuti-Tyindyilili, v. i. To keep quiet and
take no notice when asked or called; to
continue to act as if one had not heard.
Tyini! intcrj. expressing surprise. What's
this!=y////.
um-Tyino, n. 6. A row of things (poles, trees,
stones); a heap, company, separated from
another heap or company.
i-TYIPU, n. 3. A fowl, fr. Du. kip.
ukuti-Tylpu, V. t, To cut into; to open.
uku-Tyishila, v. i. To move off from a place
rapidly, as if in haste, or from fear of evil.
um-Tyiso, n. 6. The cud; see ukii-Tya.
ukuti-Tyiti, v. To go straight forward; =
ukull-Tyi.
ukuti-Tyiti, v. To awake from sleep, = m^m
tt-Tyi.
ukuti-TyitIti, v. i. To come together; to
assemble.
uku-Tyitya, v. t. To press a small wet rag
on the eye.
um-Tyityaba, n. 6. A stream of blood, etc.
spilt on the ground ; a mess.
um-Tyityi, n. 6. Oudehout, Leucosidea
sericea E. & Z.
uku-Tyityimba, v. (a) To step softly round
in dancing; to tread gingerly as when
wearing new shoes, (b) To quiver, as the
shaft of an assegai is made to quiver before
the man throws it.
uku-Tyityimblsa, v. To make (an assegai)
quiver, throw a lance.
uku-Tyityisa, v. t. To spoil a thing by
attempting to perform it without a suffi-
cient knowledge of the operation, e.g. to
attempt to tune an instrument without suf-
ficient knowledge of music, thus spoiling it ;
cf. uku-Tshitshisa.
uku-Tyityizela, r. /. To flow over; of tears,
to fall in drops ; = Ntywizisa.
uku-Tyiwula, v. t. To swing the hands, etc;
= uku-Tshiwiila or Jiivula.
uku-Tyiza ; = Tyityizela.
Tyol iiiterj. Oh! accompanied by putting the
hand over the mouth.
ukuti-Ty6, v. i. To hit : ndite-tyo eludotigetii, I
hit against the wall, I did not see it; of a
snake, to strike; tyo sinalala, to be astonish-
ed, amazed, in a fix. v. t. ukuliti-tyo ityala, to
fix the blame upon someone.
To break, as dry twigs
TV
i-Tyoba, n. 2. (a) A skilful worker who
succeeds in everything; a person who
roams about in the forest, or fig. who
speaks in this way and that way. (b) A
bushy place where much bush is broken
down; fig. destruction, disturbance, vexa-
tion.
uku-Tyoba, v. t. (a) To crush, as a worm
beneath one's feet or lice with one's finger-
nail.
uku-Ty6ba, v. t. (a) To break down, as
cattle break or trample down a fence ; iihi-
zityoba etyeni, to strike against a stone or
the ground when distressed, (a native
custom) ; ivalila wazityoba, he cried bitterly,
(b) To banter.
ukuti-TY'OBO, V. M
— Ty6botydbo, J
or leaves by treading them down; yiva,
tiantsiya inyamakazi iti-tyobotyobo ehlaiini,
listen, there is the game treading down the
branches in the forest; inqwelo ithve-tyobo-
tyobo, the wagon is entirely broken down.
i-Tydbo, n. 2. Something broken beyond
repair: iihuhlanti bam buUtyobo, my kraal
is all broken down; iuqivelo yam ilityobo,
my wagon is a wreck.
uku-Ty6boka, r. i. To be broken through
or down ; to be crushed.
— Ty6boza, v. i. To break through and
down; to force a way tfirough (kraal-
fence, enclosure, dam, etc.) ; to spring
over and break down: iiikomo ziiyobozile
ebuhlanti, the cattle have broken through
the kraal.
um-Ty6bozi, n. I. A burglar.
u Ty6bozo, w. 5. A breach.
uku-Ty6bozeka, r. To have broken out
as a fountain from the earth, or cattle
from an enclosure, or a rupture from the
intestines; fig. wnt yobozehi ngetUeto, he
burst out in speech ; ivntyobozeka him, or
pezu kivam, he rushed upon me with
violence.
— Tydbozela, v. To break through for,
at, on, or in a certain place: ivaiidityobo-
zela, he broke forth on me, i.e. attacked
me.
— Ty6bozisa, v. To cause to break
forth; to make an opening for some one
or something enclosed.
um-Ty6bozlsi, n. I. One who makes an
opening for a person or thing enclosed,
and causes to break forth.
uku-Tyof a, v. i. (a) To behave affectedly ;
to be affected, (b) To beat with the fist.
i Tyofiya, «. 2. The fist.
444
TV
TV
i-Tyofotyofo, (^ 2. Sound caused by a blow | u-Tyondyoshe, n. 5. Chronic diarrhoea;
on the head or on a stick. [ utyondyoshe hvegazi, dysentery.
uku-Tyofoza, i;. /. To give blows; (some uku-Tyondyuluka, r. i. To utter a long
pronounce it tyoboza.)
plaintive cry.
uku-Tyokela, v. I. To continue to reiterate I i-Tyongo, 71. 2. A lump of the gum of the
and repeat the same thing again and again. mimosa tree; dimin.
u-Tyoke!o, K. 5. Something long ; a number, in-Tyonkoblla, «. 3.
row or string of things; fig. a repeated i-Ntyonkobila.
utterance and reiteration of the same thing. isi-Ty6pdIo, n. 4.
uku-Ty6kisa, v. t. To satisfy with food or \ isi-Tydpdtydp6,
money. marshy.
uku-Tyokota, v. i. To ask counsel or advice;
to give counsel.
uku-Ty6la, r. t. To accuse falsely of a crime
or misdemeanour; to defame, slander.
um Tydii, n. I. A false accuser; one who
wilfully accuses another for the purpose
of injuring him; a slanderer; the devil.
isi-Ty6lo, n. 4. False accusation.
ubu-Ty6lo, w. 7. Eloquence.
uku-Tydlana, v. To accuse each other.
i-Ty6lo, «. 2. A small bush or forest; a
thicket or clump of trees standing apart;
uknya etyolweni, to go to a bush, euphem.
for iiku-Metsha ; umntwana wamatyolo, a child
of the bushes, i.e. a bastard
finished and still unfurnished hut : ukuvula
ityolo, to enter on the occupation of a newly-
built hut. Dim. ityolwana.
i-TydIo, n. 2. and um Tyolo, n. 6. Travellers'
joy. Clematis brachiata Thun. used as
medicine for colds, coughs, glanders, bots.
in-TYOLO, n. 3. A chorus of voices, fr. Du.
koor or Eng. chorus.
uku-Tyomfa, v, t. To do as rams do when
they are preparing to fight ; to be ready to
fight; to bully, bear down, quarrel, bluster;
to cheat, be sharp in dealing; to strike an
old man or snap one's fingers in his face :
indoda enkidti inns' ukntyoinfa, rebuke not an
elder.
u-Ty6mfo, n. 5. The insisting upon a thing
which cannot be given or done.
in-Tyondyolo, n. 3. A long, detailed speech.
u Tyondyololo, n. 5. used as adj. Long
(speech, way).
uku-Tyondyoloza, v. To make a long
speech, etc.: tzwi lengxokolo latyondyoloza
kor.a, the voice of a multitude at ease was
there.
— Tyondyotela, v. i. To state in a formal
and deliberate manner, so as to give a full
and accurate account of a matter; to make
a long speech on every little matter ;
iikutyotidyotela amakwelo, to praise in shrill
sounds.
ityo?ig>i'ana.
A dark, deep place, =
A poor miserable village,
. 4. That which is dirty.
4. A ugly, dirty, nasty
isi-Ty6pdti,
fellow.
in-TYORI, n. 3. A game of children, known
also under the names of i-Cekwa and in-To-
she: masenz' intyori, let us play at 'tig'.
ukuti-Tydfoty6fo, v. L To stare with the
eyes drawn in: wati-tyorotyoro figaniehlo,
he stared with eyes drawn in.
i-Tyosholo, «. 2. Anything long or lanky
without corresponding bulk.
i-Tyotamo, n. 2. The pluck of an animal.
ukuti-Tyotetyote, v. i. To break (bones).
ama-Tyotityoti, «. 2. pi. Noise, bustle of
those who are going to a meeting,
newly- I isi-Tyowetyowe, n. 4. A number of kraals
or villages in one place.
Tyu I interj. of surprise.
ukuti-Tyu, v. t. To do a thing hastily, or
suddenly; to thrust: yiti-tyu ingiibo yako,
throw your cloak over the shoulder ; tite-
tyu ehasheni, he suddenly sprang upon the
horse ; to turn suddenly to another person ;
to lift a child as a native woman does and
place it astride on her back; to be the
foremost in running.
isi-TYU, n. 4. = isi-Tu, Eng. stew.
ura-Tyuba, n. 6. That which is brackish:
amanzi amtyuha, brackish water.
um-TyubuIuIu, n. 6. That which is taste-
less, insipid, flabby, weary, slack, dirty ; a
mess.
uku-Tyuda, v. To punch as a sucking kid
its mother's udder, or as a boy in milking
a goat punches the udder to induce the
goat to give more milk.
— Tyudlsa, v. To press or force oneself
through that which tries to keep fast or
detain ; to get aside and try to get through
(a bullock through a hedge) ; to break
through the enemy; to overpower.
— Tyudisela, v. To break through to:
utyudisele kwelakwa-Yuda, he swept on-
ward into Judah.
u-Tyuka, and u-Tyukata, «. 5' A long, tiring
speech; the whole matter of a speech.
445
TV
um-Tyukata, «. 6. A long, loose, slack
string; umtyukata wendlela, a long road;
uvityiikata wenteto, a long speech.
ukutl-Tyuku, v. t. To perform an action
deliberately and carefully.
uku-Tyukuda, v. i. To smear too much fat
on the body.
uku-Tyukutya, v. i. Of a child, to slaver
over its chin and body when eating ; among
the Tembu, to spit out in a long stream
between the teeth.
u-Tyukutya, n. 5. Slaver; fig. ababantu
balutvtikutya, these people are doing
their work lazily, sluggishly.
uku-Tyukuza, v. t. To throw dirt in one
heap.
uku-Tyula, v. t. To cheat, e.g. in playing
marbles.
i-Tyula, n. 2. A trick; plur. cheating.
Tyulu, adj. Important: andinandaba zityulu,
I have no news of any importance ; /^^O''
yam ityuhi, my jacket is too good to give
away ; akukonto ityulu, it is of no importance.
ubu-TyuIu, «. 7. Importance.
uku-Tyuluba, v. i. To dance in a nude state,
while gesticulating with the assegai in
such a way as to cause a quivering motion
in the chest and strong muscular action in
the body; to play Punch or Harlequin; cf.
um-Dudo.
um-Tyulubo, n. 6. Dangling (of a watch
chain).
i-Tyulubasi, n. 2. A sickness like fever; a
nervoui attack attributed to witchcraft.
ukuti-TYUM, v. i. To crush, bruise.
i-Tyumtyuin, n. 2. That which is break-
able, adj. Rotten (fruit).
uku-Tyumka, v. i. To burst, as an egg in
falling, or as a ball, or bladder; to burst
through, as when in boring a pipe the
gimlet or chisel comes through at the
side; to be broken in pieces.
uku-Tyumza, v. pass, tyunyiizwa. To crush,
bruise, break by pressing together.
um-Tyumzi, n. I. One who crushes, etc.
i-Tyumza, n. 2. The young bee in the
cell.
uku-Tyumzeka, v. = uku-Tyumka.
— Tyumzela, v. To crush to: ubutyu-
7nzele etnhlabeni ubomi bam, he hath
smitten my life down to the ground.
uku-Tyumba, v. t. To select and carry ofif;
to purloin; to take (cattle) stealthily with-
out the knowledge of the owner: uku-
tyumba ibala, to choose, distinguish or
recognize by the colour.
TY
u-Tyumb6, ;/. 5. The robbery of slaugh-
ter cattle.
uku-Tyumbela, v. To point out, to
choose, select for: zvazityumbela ezonkabi,
he selected those oxen for his own use
(under the professed purpose of restoring
them to their owner).
i-Tyumbenibe, «. 2. A very lazy person.
ukuti-Tyumbu, v. L To rush or fall suddenly
and with violence into water, etc., and
perish ; to rush on one, attack; fig. to offend
by boasting and swaggering.
uku-Tyumbuza, v. i. To flounder about
in water, or to move about as a loose
thing in a jolting wagon on a rough road.
ukuti-Tyumfu, v. i. To fall; ngentloko, on
the head.
uku-Tyumka, uku-Tyumza, see under
ukut'i-Tyum.
u-Tyunda, n. 5. Slaver ■, = u-Tyitkuty a.
uku-Tyundyuta, v. t. To beat with a
sjambok; to thump, cuff; fig. to talk
repeatedly, incessantly and loudly on any
subject; to vent, ejaculate words.
u-Tyungutyungu, «. 5. A long wearisome
discourse.
in-Tyunkula, n. 3. A deep pool of water,
= i-Nlyunkula.
uku-Tyuruza, To throw dirt on one heap;
= uku-Tyukuza.
u-Tyutu, «. 5. Wild spinach ;= /-M/'/»^z.
ukuti-TY'UT'UTY'UT'U, v. i. To be pre-
cipitate in acting ; to act with nervous haste ;
to snatch or tear from each other; to move
quickly, energetically and searchingly
through a thicket, forest, jungle or any
other obstacle ; to progress on a journey.
isi-Tyututyutu, «. 4. A rash, inconsiderate
person,
ubu-Tyututyutu, «. 7. Precipitancy, incon-
sideration, rashness, thoughtlessness, in-
attention.
uku-Ty ututy utula, = ukuti-Tyutiityutu.
"H^-Tyvt"*y^t"f«' I ^_ To act with
— Tyututyutuzela, J
precipitancy ; to be excited in action,
lacking prudence and caution.
uku-TyutuIa, v. To tear up meat from
the carcase of an animal in a boisterous,
ravenous manner; to snatch or tear meat
from each other before an animal is cut
up into joints, or as dogs do when tearing
meat to pieces.
— Tyutiilisa, v. To assist in tearing and
cutting meat from the carcase, before it
is cut up in proper manner.
446
TY
uku-Tyutyi, r. t. (a) To traverse a locality
up and down, as in search of a person or
animal : ndntyittya ilizive lonke, I traversed
the whole country ; to gad or rove about
from place to place: unmn' ukuhamba etyu-
tya imizi yonke, he is constantly gadding
about over all the villages; to pass through
and surpass all other people in a race :
uhifa kwatyidya ahantti honke, death passed
to all men. (b) To spread over the whole
person, as wounds, stabs, eruptions .-£??yM/yw«
umzb7iha wake wonke ngamaqahiva, having
the eruption spread over his whole body ;
watyutywa ngamatixeba, waye naye ehatyutya
kwanabo, he was covered with wounds, and
he also covered them with wounds; to
penetrate through and through.
uku-Tyutyatyutya, v. To prowl up and
down.
ubu-Tyutyusi, n. 7. Precipitancy, etc.,^
ubu-Tyutiityutii.
i-Tyutyuva, n. 2. An expression of disdain ;
you coward !
i-Tyuwa, «. 3. Em. i-Tyiwa. Salt.
ubu-Tyuwa, «. 7. Saltness. .
uku-Tyuxa, v. t. To embezzle.
ukuti-Tywa, v. L To lie flat on the ground.
ukuti-Tywaba and uku-Tywabaza, v. i. To
knock oneself against; to crush by treading
upon; to break (fence, dry wood);
= uku-Tydba.
i-Tywabazo, n. 2. Hard treading; sound
made by breaking wood, etc., in walking.
i-Tywadi, n. 2. A useless thing; in the neg.
= Into : akashiywanga natywadi, he was not left
with anything.
isi-Tywakadi, «. 4. An open, beautiful plain.
uku-Tywakanisela, v. t. To mix up,
intermix ; fig. to confound.
um-Tywakaniselo, «. 6. A food mixed of
beans and maize.
uku-Ty wakaza, v. t. To strike hands together
from sudden alarm or astonishment
push or beat one softly in order to make
him wake.
i-Tywakutywaku, «. 2. A soft and flexible
substance, as dough or wax ; fig. a person of
weak and feminine disposition; weakness
of body, lassitude, want of vigour : nlitywaku-
tyivaku, he is habitually weak and fainting.
uku-Tywakuzela, v. t. To swing the
breasts (done by Kafir wQ^men).
u-Tywala, n. 7. Beer; fermented liquor
made from malt or fruit; brandy: utywala
bamagqoboka, Christians' beer, = ama-Rewu.
u-Tywala bentaka, ti. 7. Lantana
salviaefolia Jacq. with purple edible
berries, used as medicine for sore eyes.
TY
uku-Tywala, v. i. To be few; of time, to be
short. Phr, intsuku zatywala, there are few
days left.
uku-Tywalakaba, v. i. To sound, as of an
animal entering a bush ; to break in.
u-Ty wantsi, n. 5. A person reclining or lying
down.
adj. Wahitywantsi, he fell down dead,
helpless.
uku-Tywafaza, v. t. To slap softly with the
open hand,= Tywakaza; to box; to clap the
hands together: watywaraza izandla zaki
tigovuyo, he clapped his hands with joy; to
wring the hands.
uku-Tywafazela, v. To clap one's hands
at: bamtywarazela izandla, they clap their
hands at him.
uku-Tywasa, v. i. To rage, roar (sea) ; fig,
to bluster, rant; to converse freely.
uku-Tywashumba, v. i. To be flat.
u-Tywashumba, n. 5. A flat-footed person
or thing.
u-Tywata, n. 5. That which is flat or even,
as an empty bag.
uku-Tywatyusha, v. t. To beat severely,
regularly; fig. to consider, ponder.
uku-Tywatywa, v. i. To become afraid,
alarmed at an enemy's superior army.
u-Tywatywa, n. 5. A coward, a person
afraid. Phr. uUV utywatyiva, he is lying
inert through being afraid.
uku-Tywatywisa, v. To cause alarm, fear.
isi-Tywetywe, w. 4. and u-Tywetywe, n. 5.
Anything broad and flat, as a slab of stone,
table-top ; = u-Cwecive.
ubu-Tywibi, n. 7. A place or forest where a
few trees stand here and there.
adj. Few, solitary: inkomo ezibutywibi,
cattle which have been decimated by
sickness.
ukuti-TYWlNE, v. t. = uku-Tywina below.
Tywinetywine, adj. Too close to.
u-Tywinetywine, n. 5. That which sticks
to another thing: fig. uzeiiz' ntywitietywine
kum, he attaches himself to me, is intimate
with me.
uku-Ty wina, v. t. To glue together; to
cement; to seal a letter; to repair a
cracked wall.
i-Tywina, n. 2. (a) A gum or resin which
oozes from the roots of the Candle-wood,
Pterocelastrus variabilis Sond.; when
heated it is used for fixing the spear into
its handle; a seal, (b) A kind of disease
very much like salt-flux.
u-Tywino, n. 5. A seal.
isi-TywInanJa, «. 4. A stupid person, a fool.
447
u
Uin Kafir has two sounds, short like u in
English full: timt'i weiiu, your tree; and
long like oo in woon : iveza ktim, he came to me.
U, preceded by m, is often slurred or
even suppressed, but its presence (originally)
is clearly indicated in several ways (al by
cognate languages; as umatu, Zulu uitiuuiu.
(b) by the restoration that is made when
children talk in kirekiva (which see)
language, (c) by its restoration in the
passive of such verbs as nquvila, tanisanqela.
(d) by the sound of the vowel c in such a
word as wemka, indicating ivemiika.
U is the Representative Syllable of i and 6
cl. sing, and changes before a, e, i, into the
liquid w (a) in possess, particles: nam into
warn; umzi iiahantu into umzi wnbauiu,
the place of the people; also at the end of
a noun before another noun or adj. begin-
ning with a vowel : kwi/idhv' etikulu, at the
great house.
(b) in the short Pres. of vowel verbs:
iiaka into waka, he builds.
(c) in the aorist; tiatanda into watanda,
you loved ; umlilo uatshisa into watshisa, the
fire burnt.
(d) In the conditional future : iiohla into
wohla, he will come down.
(e) In the prep, ku: kiiinto into kwiiito,
in or from the thing; and pron. emphatic:
uena into wena, thou ; 6 cl. sing. : iiona into
wona, it.
U is elided before the stems of vowel
verbs, which commence with o : ndiya koyi-
ka for kii-oyika, I shall fear ; itkofta for uhi omi,
to sin; and before nouns of I and 6 cl.
sing.: kutnntu for ku-umntu, to or from the
man.
Uis (a) the prefix of personal and personi-
fied nouns of I cl.: uyise, pi. oyise. (b) the
contracted prefix of 5 cl: ufefj = ulufffe,
feeling; the full prefix appearing in the
negative: andiitalufefe, I have no feeling.
U is (a) the pron. subj. of pers. pron. 2 p.
sing.: uyantbeta, you beat him; of the I cl.
sing. : uyantbeta, he beats him; and of 6 cl.
sing: untlainbo uzsle, the river is full.
(This u of the 2 and 3 p. is strengthened in
Kafir poetry by dem. pronouns: uXoxolda
honke ubugwcnxa bako, who forgiveth
all thine iniquities; iilsngiib' inkid' esiyaniba-
ta t'lna, whose great mantle we put on.)
(b) the relative pron. of I and 6 cl. sing,
expressing the possessive: asimti uziqamo
zidliwayo, it is not a tree, whose fruit is
eaten; and is used as such after dem. pron.;
448
lomntii unyulu, this pure person; whereas
loinntu unytilu [n being here pron. subj.)
is: this person is pore.
Ube, aux. of Compound tenses, (a) 2 p. sing.:
ube usika (contrac. ubiisika) inyama, thou
wast or hast been cutting meat; ubfejuya
kttcanda inkuni, thou wast going to split, or
thou wouldst have split wood, (b) 3 p. sing:
ube ehileka, (contrac. ulebaleka or ebebaleka),
he was or has been running; uh(c)engayi
kudada, he was not going to swim, (c) 6 cl.
sing. : ube iizcle (contrac. ubuzde) umlambo,
the river had been full.
Ubu, Contrac. aux. of compound tenses, see
Ube fa) and fcj.
Ubu (contrac. u),pref. of 7 cl. forming mostly
abstract nouns of quality from adjective
nouns : ubuhhvempu, poverty, from ihlwetnpu,
a poor person; often used adjectivally : into
ebntatakn, a weak thing.
Uha! i)<terj. of mingled surprise and regret;
see Yeha and Ha!
Ukakade, fl<fu. of affirmation. SeeDe.
Uku, pref. of verbal nouns 8 cl. (being in
reality the prefix of the infinitive of the
verb) expressing verbal action: ukudla, to
eat ; as noun, " food ". Before vowel verbs it
is uk: ukoyika, to tear; as noun, "fear"; or
ukw : ukwaka, to build; as noun "building".
UkubS, conj. If, that, etc.; see uku-Ba LB.
IJkuze, conj. In order that, to the intent that;
see uku~Za,
i-Uia, M. 2. The oribi antelope, Ourebia
scoparia (Sclireb.). See iim-Dudo.
UIu (contrac. u), pref. of 5. cl. sing. : ulu-Ntu,
mankind.
i-Ulu-u!u, n. 2. An unsteady eye which does
not see owing to fear ; a coward, a drowsy,
inattentive, careless fellow; a fool.
Um, (contrac. of umu), pref. of I cl. sing.:
umntwatia, child, and 6 cl. sing.: umlambo,
river.
Unangoku. And now, even now, till now,
etc. ; see Oku, ?.
Unanamhia, Till this day, etc.; see um-Hla.
Unga, I. (a) verb. pref. of the Potent, mood,
2 p. sing : uiigadla, thou mayest eat; and of
6 cl. sing. : uint\ ungaiva, the tree may fa'.l.
(b) auxil. for forming Condit. mood of
2 p. sing, and I and 6 cl. sing.; see
uiige fa).
(c) Slioit pres. of 2 p. sing, and of I and
6 cl. sing, of uku-Nga fa) and fb).
2. neg. verb. )>ref. of 2 p. sing and 6 cl sing,
(a) in dependent conj. and re). sentences: ha-
mba ungn.libali, go and do not tarry; kangfla
UN
lomti uhize ungaganhva, look that this tree
is not cut down; nditeta elohashe unga-
litaiidiyo, I speak of that horse you do not
like ; ulima lomJilaha un%avelisiyo, you are
ploughing this land which does not bring
forth anything.
(b) of condit. mood: titiga- or nga- {unge-
or nge-) ungawuviili umlomo ivnko, thou
wouldst not open thy mouth; umti (unge-
or nge-J nga- or iwga-ungawi, the tree
would not fall.
(c) Before ka, ko or na, unga becomes
unge : ndafika ungekabiko. I arrived before
you were there; wela ungekazali umlintbd,
cross the river before it gets full; nditeta
UN
lomntu ungQkoyo, I speak of the man who
is not present; unge nantloni, thou being
without respect ; unge namanzi, (the river)
being without water.
Unge, (a) neg. verl. pref. of 2 p. sing, and 6
cl. sing, (contracted from akunge and
awmige) of Potent, mood: ungeteti, thou
mayest not speak; umvuno ungegqitywa
namhla, the harvesting may not be finished
to-day.
(b) aiixil. of Condit. mood: unge-( unga-)
uteta, thou wouldst speak; lunlamho unge-
(unga-)uzele, the river would have been full.
i-Uwa, K. 2. An animal uniting both sexes ;
an hermaphrodite.
Vis a soft labial almost vocal, sounded in
Kafir like v in the English word cine.
um-Va, n. 6. The hinder part of a person or
thing, the back : ndamiiikela univa, I turned
my back on him; ndasikwa imiin ngaho,
they spoke of me behind my back. The
locative is used with adverbial sense ; be-
hind, after: enira kwendlu, behind the house;
emva kwemihla etile, after certain days;
emveni kokd, after that (referring to time) ;
emrenikweni kokuteta kwake, after he had
spoken; see uku-Buya.
Kamva, adv. Afterwards, later in point of
time : wafika kamva, he arrived after-
Ngasemva, behind: weza ngasemva, he
came behind.
i-Kamva, n. 2. The consequence or result.
um-Va wenyati, n. 6. Trichocladys
ellipticus E. &Z., a common plant, green,
stalked, bushy, often growing on old
kraals : see um-Nqundu wenyati.
ukuti-Va, V. t. To shorten, straighten, tie fast,
close (garment, girdle).
uku-VA (ukw-Iva), v. t. pass, riwa, neg. va,
seldom vi. The following 2 cl, pi. forms are
to be distinguished: abbrev. rel. avd
who or which hear; absol. past, ava
or eva, they heard; conj. past, am or era,
and they heard; short, pres. dva, they
hear.
(a) To perceive generally, with reference
to all of the five senses, except sight ; to hear
simply, to listen, obey: ndamva eieta, I
heard him speak ; urile-na? have you heard?
yiva-ke! be attentive! listen! ndiyeva, I hear
consent to what is said ; abeva, they do not
G3
obey. (Em. uses for this verb the more
primitive tikuzwa, pass, zwiwa : akuziva, lit.
it is not heard, ?.^. they do not hear it;
uyezwa-kc? do you hear? -uyeia ke? cf.
ilizwi.)
To taste, smell, feel : ndisuke ndeva intivana
yobusi, I did but taste a little honey ;
wall akuytva akaruma ukuyisela, and when
he had tasted it, he would not drink; ndiva
ivuniba elibi, I observe an evil smell ; kauso-
ndele ndikure, come near that I may feel thee ;
uzfva esonwabile, he feels himself well; ndiva
into embi nsimka-vje, I am sorry you are
going away ; fig. of the sea, to ebb :
ulwandle luvilc, it is ebb-tide,
(b) To be vigorous : indoda irile, the man is
strong ( =yomelele); to produce, bear or
yield vigorously, abundantly : intsimi ivile,
the garden brought forth abundantly; to
'mcrea.se: ishumi liva ngesibini, ten has an
increase of two, i.e. twelve.
um-VI, «. I- pl. abevi. A hearer: umvi
wezikula, a school inspector.
ili-Va, n. 2. Impression, feeling, conviction
of that which has just been spoken ; in
the plural, experience : indoda enamava,
a man of experience, who has long been
working at his calling and knows it well.
ame-Va, n. 2. pl. Prickles, thorns ; tar' ameva,
alas ! Dimin. amevana (Em. amevanyanaj,
small thorns.
ili-Vo, n. 2. (a) Hearing: iliro lako liti-nina f
how do you hear ? (b) Plur. amaro, old
stories, records, or tales which have been
heard from the ancestors ; traditions.
VA
isi-Va, «. 4. Wound, hurt, scar.
u-Viwo, w. 5. Examination.
ulu-Vo, n. 5. What one feels within oneself:
opinion, feeling, sensation, healthiness or
soundness of mind.
um-Vo, w. 6. A unit additional to a ten
ishiimi elinomvo, a ten which has a unit
i.e. eleven; elincmivo, twelve; elingeiiamvo,
ten without a unit, ten only.
uku-Vakala, v. To be audible, to sound
forth as a bell ; to report as a gun: leiiio
iyavakala, this thing is heard, felt ; amazwi
ako ayarakala. your words are to be heard,
i.e. are reasonable or acceptable ;
wavakala esit'i, he was heard to say ; to
be clear, intelligible; to have taste: ikofii
ayivakali, the coffee does not taste nice.
— Vakalisa, V. To cause to sound forth;
to make heard, trumpet forth ; publish,
divulge.
um-Vakalisi, n. i. A preacher.
u-Vakaliso, 11. 5. Preaching.
uku-Vana, r. To understand each other; to
be friends; to be in harmony with each
other: ahavaui, they are not in harmony;
to have compassion: uyevatia intlungti n
he partakes of my sufferings; wavana
nento evih'i, he experienced evil.
The perfect of this form means to be
reliable; to be sound, vigorous, healthy,
perfect in development: ninhlaba oveneyo,
sound, firm ground which will not give
way, which the feet will feel without
sinking in it; ihashe eUveueyo, a sound
horse which will not fail under the rider;
umniu oveneyo, a vigorous, active, lively,
sprightly person; zinquktt eziveneyo, rich,
fat, people.
u-Vanano, ?i. 5. Mutual understanding,
harmony.
uku-Vela, v. To hear for one : iikiiya kumvela
indaha, to go to hear the news for him;
to listen clandestinely, observ^e secretly,
overhear what others are saying: ubavele
he overheard them; to feel for or with
one; to sympathize with one: ndiyamvela,
I have sympathy with him.
— Velana, v. To feel with: uvelana natt
sakuhtiva nbtuizinia, he has sympathy with
us in our sufferings.
im-Velwano, n. 3. and u-Velwano, n. 5.
Sympathy, compassion.
uku-Visa, v. To cause to hear; to make
known, make clear; to announce, explain :
iinendaivo afiina eyivisiive, he wishes to
have a certain point explained; to make'
to feel, to cause, (suffering or joy).
VA
— Visisa and Visisisa, v. To speak out
properly, so that what is said may be
understood.
im-Visiso, «. 3. Clearness; perspicuity,
conviction, experience.
uku-Visisana, v. To have an understanding
with one (naye); to agree with one; to
make oneself intelligible.
im-Visisano, «. 3. Accord, agreement,
accordance.
im-Vis!swano, «. 3. Mutual goodwill.
uku-Visiseka, v. To be intelligible,
distinct, clear.
i-Vaba, n. 3. A heap of thornwood.
im-Vaba, n. 3. A leather milk-sack with a
bottle-like neck, in which sweet milk is
fermented and curdled; fig. that which
supports, maintains, e.g. a Missionary So-
ciety; also fig. a newspaper, as a recept-
acle for containing and disseminating news.
uku-Vabula, v. i. To go or walk in vain,
without aim or purpose.
Vakavaka, adj. Good, soft, tender, mealy,
fat, (ground).
i- Vakavaka, n. 2. Sandy, damp country;
of ground, soft, yielding ; loc. evakavakeni,
in the air, i.e. nowhere.
uku-Vakasa, v. i. To roam, wander about ;
to lose one's way.
ukuti-VALE, V. t. To enclose, surround
wholly: bunditi-vale iibunwyama, darkness
surrounds me.
uku-Vala, v. t. To close, shut: vala ucango,
shut the door ; ucango luvaliwe, the door
is shut.
Phr. uvalile, he was the last in the
abakiveta race to the river to wash off
the white clay,— a very bad omen for the
parents ; = ushiyiwe.
um-Vali, «. I. A door-keeper.
im-Valo, n. 3. and u-Valo, n. 5. The soft
part of the cartilage of the breastbone ;
fig. a certain sickness; palpitation of the
heart, nervousness in the pit of the
stomach; compunction, anxious fear on
account of guilt, an accusing conscience.
um-Valo, «. 6. A pole or wooden bar; a
cross bar used for closing the cattle
kraal.
uku-Valeka, v. To become shut: ucango
aluvaleki, the door will not shut.
— Valela, v. To shut in or out : bamvalela
endlwini, they shut him up in the house;
bamvalela pandlc, they shut him out.
— Valelela, v. To be shut up for.
— Valelisa, r. Em. To take leave; to
bid good-bye.
VA
— Valelisana, v. Em. To take leave of
one another.
uku-Vamba, v. t. To tattoo ; to make figures
on a person's skin by cutting or pricking.
um-Vambi, n. i. and i-Vamba, w. 2. A
tattooer; one who makes figures on a
person's skin by cutting it; one who
practises this as a profession.
um-Vamb6, «. 6. A mark in the flesh
caused by the healing of cuts made in
tattooing a person, or of cuttings for
cupping.
im-Va-mbilini, n. 3. A still-born child, a
tender infant, a little child; a calf just
dropped, hence, anything before it has
become strong.
i-VamhIa, n. 2. A new, unusual thing.
i-Vamqeba, n. 2. A wild, brave person; a
hero.
im-Vana, n. 3. Dimin. of imvu. A lamb;
imvanazana, a little Iamb.
uku-Vanda, v. i. To feel pain in the mind
or heart ; = uku-Qoma.
i-Vanda, n. 2. and um-Vandedwa, w. 6.
Ivanda lentliziyo, the feeling of pain in
the heart.
uku-Vandana, v. To feel pain with each
other.
uku-Vandlakanya, v. t. To give an outline;
to indicate, by merely touching a subject ;
to speak indistinctly, not clearly or
intelligibly; to see indistinctly; to doubt.
ama-Vandiakanya, n. 2. pi. Intimations,
comparisons; things not clearly under-
stood, about which one is in doubt.
im-Vane, n. 3. Wild asparagus, Asparagus
stipulaceus Lam., the roots of which are
used for making very tenacious thread.
uku-Vanga, v. t. To mingle, mix.
um-Vangazi, n. 6. Pigeonwood, Trema
bracteolata Bliime.
uku-Vantyula, v. t. To draw water with a
vessel.
i-Vanya, n. 3. Dregs of Kafirbeer mixed
with water.
uku-VAR'A, V. i. To wait, fr. Du. wachten.
uku-VAR'ASHA, V. i. To keep watch; to
stand on sentry; fr. Du. wachten.
uku-VAT'A, V. i. perf. vete. To dress; to
adorn, cover the body with ornaments; to
wear clothes or ornaments.
isi-Vatd, «. 4. Dress, clothing, ornaments,
attire.
uku-Vateka, v. To be fit for wear: lengu-
ho ayivaiiki, this garment is not fit for
wearing.
VA
— Vatela, v. To dress for.
— Vatisa, v. To cause to clothe, adorn^
attire.
i-VATALA, n. 3. Water melon, fr. Uu. water»
lemoen.
i-Vatshuvatshu, n. 2. A person who
keeps going up and down from house to
house, = i-Hilihili.
uku-Vatshuia, v. i. To loiter about; to
go for no purpose.
ukuti-Va-unyawo, >'. L To go from place
to place ; to gad about ; to be constantly on
the move.
uku-Vava, v. i. To give thanks or presents
to one who distinguishes himself in singing
and dancing at the in-Tlombe: babevava
?iget!:aU, they gave money to express their
thanks.
uku-Vavanya, v. t. To try an assegai to
see if it is elastic and good; to put to the
test, examine, so as to ascertain the quali-
ties and qualifications of a person or thing;
fig. to inquire, examine deeply; to go deep
into a matter: vavanya ukubuza, inquire
thoroughly.
— Vavanyeka, v. To stand the test, e.g.
when an arch is burdened with weights
and does not give way.
u-Vavunge, //. 5. A poor person, = /ot-5^-
dlenge.
u-Vaylse, «. I. A certain tune sung at a
marriage-feast; perhaps fr. Du. wijze, a
tune.
uku-Veca, v. t. To intertwine in making a
basket; fig. to discuss a matter.
i-VEKI, ?/. 3. A week, fr. Du. week.
im-Veku, w. 3. A baby, little child.
uku-VELA, (a) v. i. To come forth from;
to appear, come into sight; to originate:
uvela phiaf where do you come from?
lomritu uvelile-na? has this person appeared?
hayi akakaveli, he has not yet appeared;
uktivela kwenii kupina? of what origin are
you ? bavela bekohlakele, they were orginally,
i.e. by nature , bad ; intliziyo yam ivele ifile,
my heart is by nature dead ; iutsuni yavela
icuma, the garden has always been fruitful ;
navela niiiayo lento? had you this thing
originally? (b) To hear foresee ukii-Va,
ama-Vela-mva, «. 2. />/. ) /->«•,„• a
izi-Vela-mva,. n. 6,. pi. \ Off^prmg, des-
cendants.
um-Veli-nqangi, ?/. i. ^
im-Vela-nqanci, M. 3. > The firstborn;
im-Vela-nqangi, n. 3. )
the original creator who produced exist-
ing things.
VE
im-Velapi, n. 3. The point of origin or
standing: kaiitsho imvclapi yako, just say
from whence you come, i.e. tell us the
news of the place from which you came.
im-Veli, n. 3. That which is of old, of
ancient time: u-Nantsi wasemvelini, Mr.
So-and-so of old.
im-Veio, «. 3. and u-Velo, n. 5. Nature,
origin, temper, habit: yimvelo yetu oko,
this is our habit from the beginning;
singaboni ttgentvelo, we are sinners by
nature.
uku-Velana, v. To strive, fight with one:
bavelana nam, they fought with me.
— Velanisa, v. To show oneself; to
assume airs; to boast.
— Velela, v. To stand out, project (rock,
stone) ; fig. to come prominently forward,
or appear for a purpose: ndamvelela
etyaleni, I appeared for him in court; to
look for one; to visit, inspect with care,
attention and sympathy as to how
another does, how matters go : iiyise ulu-
velele usapo, the father has come to visit
his family to see how it fares.
um-Veleli, ti. I. Visitor, inspector, over-
seer, bishop.
i-Velelo, }i. 2. The first beginning or
undertaking.
isi-Veleli, w. 4. The overseer class: isi-
velcli sako udenze uxolo, I will make thy
officers peace.
u-Velelo, u. 5. Visitation, oversight,
charge.
ubu Veleli, u. 7. The status of an in
spector or bishop.
uku Velisa, v. To cause to come out,
make to appear : wamvelisa isono sake, he
made him confess his sin ; to be before
hand; to anticipate; to bring forth or
out: velisa incwadi enxdwetii, bring out
the letter from the hag; wavelisa ama-
menemene, he alleged, pretended falsely;
to produce : umhlaba uvelisile ukiidla, the
earth has brought forth fruit; velis'
imali, produce the money; to introduce
a subject or point, hence to propose.
im Veliso, n. i. pi. and iziVeliso, n. 4. pi.
Produce of the fields.
uku-Velisela, v. To make to appear for,
to produce for.
— Velisisa, v. To bring to the birth:
inua ndingavclisisa-na ndiiigazalisi? shall
I bring to the birth, and not cause to
bring forth ?
i- v^emve and i-Vemvete, n. 2. That which
is lazy, inert, languid, lacking vigour.
VE
um-Vemve, n. 6. (and isam Vemve, m. 4.)
The wagtail,
uku Vkna, v. i. To win, bring in, carry
home ; to yield, bring profit ; fr. Du. winnen.
— Venela, v. To bring in, etc., for.
ukuti-Venene, v. i. To turn back; to refer
back in a speech.
i-VENKlLE, n. 3. A shop ; fr. Du. winkel.
ukuti Venqe, v. i. To be bent backwards,
as the finger or the back after stooping.
ukuti-Venqu, v. i. To have a deep indenta-
tion between the forehead and the nose.
uku-Ventshula, v. To loiter, QX.c.,-uku-Va-
tshida.
uku-Veta, r. i. To put on the outermost
layer of mud on a hut-wall ; to decorate the
hut wall.
um-Veti, n. 6. (a) The Natal mahogany,
Kiggelaria africana L. (b) The wild lem-
on, Xymalos monospora Baill.
um-Vetshane, n. 6. The wagtail, = M/«-Fi?-
tnve and ittn-Cehwivemve.
i-Vetyevetye, «. 2. used as adj. Supple,
flexible, pliant.
uku-Vetyeka, v. To be flexible; to have
a snub nose.
isi-Vetyuma, «. 4. used as nJ/. Short, flat:
idtuso obusivctyuma, an ugly, broken face.
viku-\eza,v. t.( = Hkn-Velisa) Em. To cause
to appear, etc.: umhlaba uyaveza ukudla,
the earth produces food.
i-Vezandlebe, «. 2. Em. One who listens,
obeys ; a person who is allowed the privi-
lege of a child, although he may be a
stranger or illegitimate.
um-Vi, ft. I. A hearer, from uku Va.
ili-VI, «. 2. The knee-cap or patella.
uku-Vika, v. t. Em. To parry a blow; to
ward, fend off; to be on guard against; to
avoid by dodging.
isi-Viki, w. 4. A weapon for defence or
parrying, as a shield.
uku-Vikela, v. To ward off for; to de-
fend from ; to intercede for a child about
to be chastised by its parent ; of a law-
yer, to defend a client in a law court.
um-Vikeli, w. I. Em. One who defends
well; a defender, counsel.
ama Vikela ntloko, ti. 2. pi. The first
endeavours, efforts, fruitless attempts:
udeuza amavikela-ntloko, I made my first
efforts.
ukuti-Viki, V. i. To be broken off short, as
a bone of a limb when fractured; to be
broken off in small pieces.
VI
im-Viko, ti. 3. A goad for bullocks; fig. a
pricking sensation in the body.
u-Viko, n. 5. A pointed pole.
um-Viko, n. 6. The outside or border of
cultivated land; the place of separation
or breaking off from other lands.
uku-Vikiva, v. i. To break but not wholly
through; to crush, crack, bruise (reed,
quill).
— Vikiveka, v. To be broken partly
through or into small pieces : ingcongolo
evikivekileyo, a bruised reed.
— Vikiza, v. To break off from, as from
an army when it is proceeding to battle,
or from a company which has started
together on any expedition; to lag behind.
i-Vila, n. 2. A lazy, indolent, shiftless person;
a sluggard.
ubu-Vila, «. 7. Laziness, indolence, shift-
lessness.
uku-Vilapa, v, i. To spend one's time in
indolence.
im-Vila, n. 3. (a) That which is formed,
hard : inqolowa engekabi mvila, wheat which
is not yet formed or hard, which is still
milky (6th stage of growth), (b) The
saffron-breasted wren-warbler, Prinia
hypoxantha (Sharpe) .
imi-Vilambd, n. 6. pi. Wrinkles on the skin,
lines on the face.
i-Vilazana, n. 2.--=in-Takazana.
i-Vile, n. 2. One who is clever.
i-VlLl, n. 3. and um-VlLl, m. 6. A wheel, fr.
Du. wiel.
isi-Viliba, n. 4. Em. An ear-ornament of
wood or bone.
i-Vilikitshane, w. 2. That which is useless;
sweepings, rubbish.
ubu-Vilikitshane, n. 7. Uselessness, in-
firmity, frailty,
uku-VIMB'A, V. t. pass, vinjwa. To close up
(a bottle by corking it), to shut up; to shut
the heart or affections against; to refuse
to give to another; to be stingy: uyandivi-
mha, you refuse to give me, you are stingy.
Phr. utigavimba noiiyokokulu, esifa ngame-
hlo, you would be stingy even to your
grandmother with her dim sight, alluding
to a child eating some nice food and when
asked ' to share it giving such evasive
answers as incinci, it's little or ndigqibile, I
have finished (eating it).
u-Vimba, n. i. A store-room or store-
house (cf. uku-Viiigca, to close up).
um-Vimbi, n. I. (a) A stingy person.
(h) = um-Vumbt.
i-Vimbaandi Vimbl,«. 2. A stingy person.
VI
isi-Vimbd, «. 4. Em. A cork or stopper
for a bottle or ja.r •, = isi-Vumbd.
ubu-Vimba, n. 7. Stinginess, refusal to
give; aversion, grudge.
uku-Vimbela, Em. To enclose in.
ubu-Vimba, n. 7. Withania somnifera Dun.
a plant with scarlet seeds inside a capsule,
something like the Cape gooseberry ; used as
medicine for wounds and sores, ring-worm
and black gall-sickness. The essential
smell of this plant is extracted in water
and poured on a calf which the mother will
not tend; when she smells this extract she
allows the calf to suck.
um-Vimb6, m. 6. A weal or mark on the
body from a whip or stick ; a stripe from
a scourge: babctwa vgemivimbo emininzi,
they were beaten with many stripes.
um-Vimvi, n. 6. A forest tree with small,
pale-green leaves and whitish bark.
im Vimvitshane, n. 3. One who tells all
kinds of stories, lies or nonsense.
ukuti-VINQCI, r. i. To close up: bate-
viiigci indlebe zabo, they shut their ears ; used
as adv.: iiikomo zilyabe ze-vingci, the cattle
are very fat.
uku-Vingca, v. t. To close up, stop:
vingca inguboyako, close your dress ; z^/w^ca
amazibuko ukuze kungadlnli mntti, close up,
i.e. guard, the fords, so that nobody may
pass by them ; impi iyakuvhigca enkalweni,
the force will bar the enemy's way on
the ridge.
um-Vingci, «. l. One who closes up.
im-Vingci, n. 3. The one who closes a
race, i.e. the last in a race.
isi-Vingco (Em. isi-Vingcwa,) n. 4. A
cork, stopper.
uku-Vingcakala and Vingceka, v. To be
closed up : amazibuko avingcekile, the fords
are closed up.
— Vingcela, r. To close up an opening,
or stand in it to prevent any escape
thereby: vingcela inkomo zingapumi kwe-
lituba, prevent the cattle escaping by this
gap; to close every path, surround, be-
siege : umzi wavingcelwa macala onke, the
place was besieged on every side.
— Vingcelana, v. Savingcelana nemp't, we
were closed with the enemy.
— Vingceleka, v. To be shut in, besieged,
— Vingcelela, v. To close up, shut up.
um-Vinqi, w. 6. A club: imivinqi zindiza,
clubs are counted as stubble.
um-Vinqi kazi, n. 6. A long, thick stick.
imi-Vinya, «. 6. pi. Wrinkles on the face.
im-Visiso, im-Visisano; see uku-Va.
453
VI
vo
n. 2. A dirty, shabbily-dressed
To wag the tail like a
ukuti-VIT'E, VIT'I and VitlvitI, v. i. To i-Vondoyiya
break into two or more pieces. person.
uku-Vita, V. To break into small pieces. uku-Vontsha, v.
i-Viti, n. 2. The rotten pith of certain trees, wagtail.
mostly sneeze wood, used by the natives um-Vontshi, «. I. A lazy person.
as tmder, hence, tinder generally; an nkxx-W onyn, To ivy, etc. ; = uku.Vavanya.
old decaymg block of wood used in nku.Vovonygi, = tiku-Gobagoba.To bend tho-
swimming across swollen rivers. roughly.
i-Vltiviti, n. 2. Any substance without u-Votshovotsho, «. 5. used as adj. Long
strength, easily broken; rotten stuff. (tail, grass, rushes)
im-Viti, «. 3.^ Rubbish, refuse, ruins. uku-Votshoza, v. i. To walk lazily, doing
uku-Vltavita, r. To break asunder or into nothing.
many parts. uku-Vova, v. i. Em. To bend in reverence,
uku-Viteka, v. To be breakable, friable, ^q ^^^
1 ^^^xn^u s . -r J r • u, r ukuti-Vu, v.i. To take a little rest (while
uku-Vitlkisela, v. To render friable for „^ , • ^ ,., , ,, t u j ./
workmg) : andikange nditi-vu, I hadn t even
ukuti-VIVE and uku-Viva, v. /. To break or ,. , , , ' ,, , • \.
^.,f Jr^f-^ o,v,oii r.:^^^^ t^ ^ u 4. angabtnalo nexesha lokutt-vu, he is so busy
cut into small pieces; to mash ; to carve, , , .
as meat for the visitors at a public feast. J^^^ ^^ '^?"°' ^"V^ "^/""^^ ^° resVlanga
um-Vlvi,«. I. One who breaks into small ^'.f r'" 'Tf *^"'' '^' °'^ ^""'f "^'f^^ *°
pieces, or cuts into small pieces at a feast; . ^''J'''^'' (but was too excited to do so),
one who cuts up for others. ^"^-^"' "' 3- ^ big-tailed sheep ; dimin. imva-
isi-Vlvi, «. 4. (a) A great public feast; a "^' X^^"^"^' Fem. /;«r«*a^,-, a ewe; dim.
great quantity of meat; carrion. "«^«*.'^^««'^ a small or young ewe ; fig. a
(b) = /«S«/M,alucky chance. bewailing: ultla tmvukazana, he makes a
uku-Viveka, t;. To be brittle, crumble into . ^^f ^ lamentation,
pieces; to turn into dust; of meat or ^^^-^"' .«• 4- The Namaqua dove, Oena
green beans, to be cut up into small pieces. , '^%P;"^^' ^^•^- = '^'-^"^« ^^J' . ,, ^
:»: vK,o^^ I A u^o„ ^f of^^^o tj,,^ „ uku-Vuba, V. /. To mix boiled maize, Kafir-
isi-Vivane, «. 4. A heap of stones thrown ^ , • ,
^. , \ ,, ^ ^ . ^ corn or bread with amasi.
together by travellers at certain steep ,, . ^ r. •, . . rr ^
and dangerous passes on a difficult, tiring ""J-Vubo. «. 6. Boiled maize, Kafir-corn or
journey, a small stone being added by every . . ..^""f ^ "^'^^^ v^xihamast for food,
passer by, who says, Tixo ndincede, God >si-Vubeko, n. 4. Pam in the body remain-
help me ; or 5/p^ <i;;/a«J/-;, give us strength, >"« f''.^™ ,^" ^^^ h"rt or wound, which
whereby the traveller asks for help to "^Z ,' k '^"' , ^ ''/'° u ^""^ ' '"
,.,,... , suddenly become virulent; fig. the corrup-
accomplish his enterprise or errand. ,. e 1-^ x. l .^, ,• . .
■tin 1 1-- u- .• J -1 1- u tion of the human heart breaking out msm:
Whether his object is good or evil, whether . < • • • l t • • . i t
, . . i , , . • , u . ..1 '■s'^"'' ■2^'" zisisivubeko estzisulelwe ngobawo
he IS gomg to steal his neighbour s cattle, ^^^ ,^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^.^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^j^
or to pay a visit to his friends, or to pay corruption with which we were infected by
his addresses to a young woman, he will q^. fathers.
use the same form. im-Vubu, n. 3. The hippopotamus, Hippo-
u-Vlvane, «. 5. A small caterpillar which is potamus amphibius L., now extinct in
notoriously destructive to grain. Kafirland. The name survives in a
u-Vivingane, «. 5- The death's-head moth children's game Telele'mvubu, in which two
found sometimes in beehives; it is believed children lift a third between them by the
by the Kafirs to have a poisonous sting, arms and legs and swing him pleasantly
and is in consequence much feared. to the child's delight, then suddenly throw
uku-Vivinya, Em. To try, etc. i-uku-Vava- him away to the child's disgust or even
nya. pain; fig. benze utelele'mvubu ngaye, they
ama-Vlyoviyo, n. 2. pi. (from the sound). played telele' ntviihu with him, i.e. they raised
Whistling: wenz' amaviyoviyo, he whistled. his hopes then dashed them to the ground.
ili-Vo, ulu-Vo, um-Vo; see ukii-Va. im-Vuka, n. 3. (a) The dirt in the palm of
im-Voco. n. 3. That which is tender, weak, hand : ndambeta ngemvuka, I beat him with
cannot work. the dirty palm of my hand.
uku-Vokot^ka, v. i. To be understood ; to (b) The dirt which in washing falls into the
kavt some satisfaction. I water.
454
vu
i-Vukaba, n. 2. A vagrant; a dirty,
good-for-nothing fellow, a tramp.
uku-VUKA, V. i. To awake from sleep;
to arise, get up from the ground ; to raise
oneself from a reclining posture; ndavuka
kwakusasa, I awoke up early in the morning ;
vuk' ume, get up and stand ; wavuka kivaba-
fileyo, he rose from the dead; ndavuka
pantsi, I revived, came to life again.
im-Vuko, n. 3. The rising up.
isi-Vuka, i M. 4. A sudden surprise ;
isi-Vukavuka, j ^
used of supposed ghosts, or anything
that startles travellers at night.
isi Vuka-mpunzi, n. 4. Any person,
who duiker-like springs or starts or
diverts a discussion, or joins in a dis-
cussion without notice or formality.
u-Vuko, n. 5. Resurrection.
um-Vuka, n. 6. That which springs up
after ploughing without being sown, or
grows again after hoeing.
uku-Vukela, v. To arise for a purpose:
ema-Xoseni indoda ibivukela ebuhlanti^
among the Kafirs, a man's first act on
getting up was to visit his kraal ; fig. to
have an appetite for, i.e. to beg for, food :
ndiyakuvukela kuye, I am going to beg
food of him; to rise for the purpose of
rebellion, to rebel. Phr. inkosi mnmkele
or izulu limvukele, the Lord or heaven has
been his guest, has taken food from him,
said when lightning has killed one's cattle,
u-Vukelo, n. 5. Rebellion.
um-Vukelo, n. 6. Alms asked.
uku-Vukelana, v. To rise against one:
havukelana nmn, they attacked me.
im-Vukelwano, n. 3. Rebellion.
uku-Vukelisa, v. To make one (who is
hungry or starved) rise up, revive; to
give alms: ndiyamvukelisa, I give him
alms; sivukeliswe nguwe, you have given
us (that which we asked for).
isi-Vukeliso, n. 4. Alms given.
i-Vukazi, n. 2. Em. A weak, useless person.
im-Vukazi and im-Vukazana, see irti-Vu.
uku-Vukusa, r. i. To walk through obstruc-
tions, as through long grass, or when
encumbered by a long garment; to force
the way through that which opposes
progress.
i-Vukutu, M. 2. The speckled rock-pigeon,
Columba phaeonota G. R. Gray.
uku-Vukuva, v. To break, e.\.c.; = uku-Vikiva.
i-Vukuvuku, n. 2. That which is old, tattered,
ragged (garment), shaggy (hair); weak,
inert, without vigour.
VU
im-VuIa, n. 3. Rain: yana imvula, it rained;
see tiku-Nqapela.
uku-VULA, V. t. To open: vuV ucango, open
the door; vulani indlebe, open the ears, i.e.
listen carefully; ukuvula indlela, to open
or clear the road, i.e. to remove obstruc-
tions; fig. to make a parting in the hair;
vulani intliziyo zenu, open your hearts;
kwavula ubani ukutengisa? who was it that
opened to trade ? i.e. who began trading.
um-Vulo, «. 6. An opening; Monday
(which opens the week).
uku-Vuleka, v. To become open: ucango
luvulekile, the door is or stands open ; to
open itself: ucango Iwavuleka kubo ngokwalo,
the door opened to them of its own
accord.
u-VuIeko, n. 5. An opening.
uku-Vulekela, v. To be open to: ucango
luvulekele mna, the gate is open for me.
— Vulela, V. To open for another: ndivulele,
open for me ; fig. to begin before others,
so that they may follow and take part in
some business or enterprise: wabavulela
ngokutela kwake, he opened the way for
them (to speak) by his speech; fig.
kwavulehva, it was shot.
— Vulelana, v. To open towards: ifestile
yavulelana fiempumalat/ga, the window
opened towards the East.
um-Vulazana, n. 6. A kind of Kafircorn,
growing on a short stalk.
im-Vuma, n. 3. Sore eyes, ophthalmia:
uhliwa zimvuma, he has sore eyes (applied
to babies).
uku-VUMA, V. t. (a) To be willing, of things
as well as of persons ; in the negative it is
used e.g. of a cork stuck in the neck of a
bottle or bread sticking to the bakepan:
asivumi ukupunia, the bread won't come out ;
to consent or agree with, used esp. of the
people at a smelling out (see uku-Vumisa)
who reply to the witch-doctor's question
' anivumi-na? ' (Do you not consent?) by
saying 'siyavuma!' (we consent I); lomntu
akasivumi, this person does not agree with
us, will not listen to us ; lento ayisivumi, this
thing does not suit us, is not fit for us ; to
admit in argument: uyivumile lendawo, he
admitted this point; to confess: vuma izono
zakb, confess your sins.
Phr. ukuvuma mnhloko, to give a consent-
ing answer by saying, /;/«.' ; ukuvuma nge-
mpuntlo, to give a feigned consent.
(b) To express a common sentiment in
t tune. One person commences (uyahlabela),
455
vu
all the others fall in fbayaviima); hence, to
sing : siynvunta iiiduiiiiso ycnkosi yetti, we sing
the praises of our chief.
u-Vuma-zonke, ;/. i. One who has no
opinion of his own; Pliable in Pilgrim's
Progress.
im-Vume, n. 3. Willingness, will, agreeing:
ngcmi ume yentUziyo, with purpose of heart;
andinaviviimc, I have no will of my own,
used by a woman to imply that she has
not full say.
im-Vumi, ti. 3. Ono who sings well, a good
singer; fem. iinvuniikasi.
im-Vumo, //. 3. (a) Confession, (b) Ringing,
concert.
isi-Vumo, //. 4. Confession; nj^esivumo, in
earnest; fig. the first beast brought by a
young man who is lobola-'mg.
u-Vumo, H. 5. Confession.
uku-Vumana, v. To agree with one an-
other.
■ — Vumela, v. (a) To admit (the truth of
a proposition) ; to allow of, approve of:
ndiyakurumela oko iikiiba kuyinyaniso, I
admit the truth of what you say ; ndivumele
ukuhldla, permit me to remain; akwavu-
nyelwa, you were not allowed, (b) To
sing to: nivumeleni iiigoina eiitsha, sing unto
Him a new song.
im-Vumelo, w. 3. u-Vumelo and u-Vu-
nyelo, w. 5. Permission, consent.
uku-Vumelana, v. To agree on both sides,
with each other : iivumelene nam, you have
agreed with me; we are unanimous; to
make a contract, agreement, covenant
with each other.
im-Vumelano, n. 3. and u-Vumelano, w. 5.
Accordance, harmony, agreement, con-
tract; that to which one or more persons
consent; oneness in purpose.
uku-Vumeleka, v. To be approved of,
allowable, lawful : kuvutiuicki/e-na ukum-
uika irafii / is it lawful to give him tribute ?
— Vumelekeka, v. To be allowed to; to
be lawful for: kuiumelckeke okiimkani
bodua, it is lawful for kings only.
— Vumelekela, v. To be lawful for: kuni-
niclekcle ababiiigdeli bod-wa, it is lawful
for the priests only.
— Vumisa, '•. (a) To go to consult a witch-
doctor as to the cause of sickness in a
person, chiefly with the object of finding
out who has bewitched the sick person;
the people asking his advice say siyavumn!
when they agree with his assertions: siya
kurihiiisa, we go to ask the doctor,
(b) To conduct a body of singers.
VU
u-Vumiso, ;/. 5. Divination, prophecy.
uku-Vumisela, v. To divine for.
— Vumisisa, v. To help or assist to sing.
Liku-Vumaza, Em. =^ ukii-Vumisa.
uku-Vumba, v. i. Em. To smell.
i-Vumba, ;;. 2. Smell, perfume; dimin.
ivuiijavunjaiia.
i-Vumbango, //. 2. and um-Vumbangwe,
M. 6. Medicine to make a calf suck an-
other cow. Em. = utn-Hlavutwa, Datura
stramonium, L.
isi-Vumba-mpunzi, «. 4. Wild garlic.
um-Vumbi, //. 6. (a) A continuous rain, or
rather the smell caused by a continuous
rain; any prolonged, incessant discussion,
etc., which goes on for weeks and does
not stop, (b) Em. um-Vimb't.
ubu-Vumba, n. 7. Withania somnifera;
= ubu-Viniba.
ubu-Vumba, «. 7. Em. Stinginess, etc. ;
= uhii-Viiuba.
uku-Vumbeka, v. t. To put something under
ashes or the ground.
isi-Vumbd, u. 4. The cork of a bottle.
um-Vumb6, n. 6. A weal, etc;~um-Vinibd.
uku-VumbuIula, v. t. To open to view, e.g.
to turn up anything (stone, etc.) in plough-
ing or digging; to bring to light, as a hen
something out of a dunghill for its chickens;
to disinter a body ; cf. uku-Combulula and
uku-Panda.
um-Vumvu, «. 6. Camdeboo stinkwood,
Celtis kraussiana Bernh.
uku-VUNA, V. t. To reap, harvest. «. 8.
The harvest: uknvuna kwalonyaka, the
harvest of this year.
um-VunI, n. I. A reaper,
isi Vuio, n. 4. and u-Vuno, n. 5. Harvest.
uku-Vunela, v. To reap for one; fig.
bammela pantsi, they destroyed down to
the ground.
uku-VUNDA, V. i. To become thoroughly
soaked; to become mouldy (earth);
to rot (manure); to sweat (tobacco); ama-
zimba avundile, the Kafir-corn is mouldy.
isi-Vunda, n. 4. A very fertile, productive
piece of ground; fig. a person who has
grown rich by the produce of his land; a
holder of old corn. Em. = iNqala.
uku-Vundisa, v. To enrich, manure soil;
to fertilize.
um-Vundiso, n. 6. A night gathering of
young people of both sexes for singing, etc.,
= um-Bolaro.
456
vu
um-Vundla, 77. 6. (a) The Cape hare, Lepus
capensis L. Phr. tiinvundV uzek' indicia, the
hare keeps on the track; he is a chip of the
old block, he imitates his forefathers;
nisenz' imivundla, you are making us hares,
keeping us on the trot; uratya lomvundla,
dusk, before darkness, when hares come out.
(b) A peculiar kind of dance, performed
by girls for exercise only or as an ex-
hibition of agility, in which they stoop
down and kick like hares.
(c) St. Vitus's dance; mwmvundla, he is
not right in his mind; he is mad.
u-Vundu, 71. 5. Hot ashes.
isi-Vunduvundu, n. 4. A gale of wind:
wavuka iiiitoya zvasisivnnduvundu, there
sprang up a terrific wind.
u-Vunduvundu, n. 5. A matter which
causes much talk; a great gale of wind.
uku-Vungama, v. i. To snarl, growl, show
the teeth, like a dog.
i-Vungama, n. 2. Snarling, growling.
uku-Vungamela, v. To snarl at.
— Vungamelana, v. To snarl at one an-
other: yiycke imhamhano knngekarunga-
nyelwaiia, leave off contention before
there be quarrelling.
uku-Vungula, v. To pick one's teeth.
i-Vunjavunjana, 7/. 2. dimin of i-Vumha.
Slight but unpleasant smell.
uku-Vunuka, v. i. To get suddenly enraged,
without apparent cause.
— Vunukela, v. To commence strife with-
out cause ; to attack gratuitously, to rise
up against one (as Cain against Abel).
uku-Vusa, cans, form, of uku-Vtika. To
awake a person from sleep: mvuse oleleyo,
awaken the sleepy one; to lift up; to raise
ivamriisa kwahafilcyo, he raised him from
the dead; fig. to rouse to vigilance; to
warn of danger; to alarm: hamha ubaruse,
impi ikona, go and rouse them, the enemy
is there; to stir up: vusa amavila, stir up
the lazy fellows ; vusa ingwe, stir the leop-
ard up from his den ; fig. to give restitution
or compensation for what was lent, but got
lost or was killed.
um-VusI, 77. I. One who arouses and
excites others; an alarmist.
i-Vuso, n. 2. Alarm, fear, dread, terror :
abantii bebe nevuso cUkulu^akiiva uhuzama
zama komhlaba, the people were greatly
alarmed when they heard the earthquake ;
a stirring up to action; warning;
anguish, remorse of conscience : isela
linevuso/the thief is convicted by his
conscience.
H3 457
VU
i-Vusokazi, ti. 2. Great alarm, etc.
im-Vusa-kufa, 77. 3. Something waken-
ing up or bringing death.
uku-Vusana, v. To rouse one another :
zestvusatie, whoever wakens first must
rouse the others.
— Vusela, V. To raise up or arouse
for or on account of; to excite to action,
to freshen up, revive.
— Vuselela, v. To stir up, arouse a person
from inaction and indifference to
activity ; to encourage, exhort : bafimdise
ezizinto tibavuselele, these things teach and
exhort them ; vuselela inhimbulo zakb, stir
up your thoughts or memory : fig. to
wind up a watch.
im-Vuselelo, n. 3. Zeal; stirring up to take
an interest in religion ; a revival meeting.
u-Vuselelo, n. 5. Stir, exhortation, en-
couragement, consolation.
To stir up or exhort
3. Briskness, liveli-
encouragement, ex-
To be in an aroused
.' be awake 1
uku-Vuselelana,
one another.
im-Vuselelwano, n.
ness, excitement ;
hortation ; revival.
uku-Vuseleleka,
and wakeful state : vuseleleka !
be alive !
im-Vuseleleko, n. ^. = im-Vuselelwano.
uku-VUT'A, V. i. (a) To blow, with reference
to a strong wind.
(b) To burn, flame, flare, blaze up : umlilo
waviita kakuhle, the fire burnt well; wavuth
sisinci, he was very wroth; kwaviith
umsindo wake, his wrath waxed hot ;
Iwavuta titando Iwake, his love was intense.
Pass. To be ripe, mature : amazimbh
avutiwe, the Kafircorn is ripe ; fig. umtttu
ovuttwcyo, a person in full dress painted
with imbola ; to be perfectly cooked:
ukiidla hivutiive, the food is well cooked,
ready for eating ; or the crops are ripe ;
intsimbt ivut'me,the iron is red hot ; uhisi
luvut'iwe, the milk put into the calabash has
become amasi, or the fresh milk has been
turnedby the heat and is cmdleA; soyiceV ivu-
t'lwe, we will ask for it (inyama) when it is
cooked, i.e. we will wait and see the
result; fig. wapila waviitwa, he was in
thoroughly good health.
— Vuteka, v. To be inflammable ; to burn
to ashes: ivuteke (or ivute) yati-lote, it is
burnt to ashes.
— Vutela, V. To blow into, on or at a
thing: vutela umlilo, blow up the fire;
umoya uyaiidivutela, the wind blows on me ;
vu
umoya uvittila ngaseSude, the wind blows
towards the south; vutila ngexilongo,
sound the trumpet; wavutila izidlele, he
swelled his cheeks. Phr. uvutehve pakat\
njengevatala, lit. he is ripe inside like a
water melon, 'he is not so stupid as folk
think', he surpasses expectation. (From
the outside appearance of a water melon
one does not know for certain if it is ripe).
um-Vutel' ixilongo, «. I. A trumpeter.
isi-Vutelo, ti. 4. The blowing on or at; a
pair of bellows.
uku-Vutelana, v. To be blown up; to be
swollen up, as a bladder filled with wind
isidumbtl sivutelene, the carcase is swollen
up (with the gases of putrefaction) ; fig.
wavutelana ngumsitido, he was swollen, i.e.
filled, with anger, furious wrath.
— Vutelanisa, v. To blow out: imb'ila
ivutelanisa isisu, the coney blows out its
belly with air.
— Vut^zela, V. i. To blow a fire continuous-
ly until a flame is produced.
— Vutisa, V. To cause to burn or to ripen
to cook food perfectly; ukuvutiswa, tc
curdle, like milk; to cause to be ripe
imvula evutisayo or evutwisayo, the ripening
rain.
ukuti-VUT'U, V. i. To break suddenly: ivili
yenqwelo iie-vutu, the wagon wheel has
broken into splinters or pieces: fig.
compound fracture.
ukuti-Vutuvutu, V. To shake things
down; of fruit, to be shaken or stripped
off from a tree.
i-Vutuvutu, K. 2. Rotten ?,\.\xfi, = i-Vithitt.
isi-Vutuvutu, n. 4. A hurricane.
ubu-Vutuvutu, n. 7. Uselessness.
uku-Vutuluka, v. i. Of leaves or fruit, to
fall or come off through being shaken by
the wind ; fig. izilonda zivutulukile, the crust
on the sores has come off (indicating
perfect healing).
im-Vutuluka, «. 3. A broken piece,
crumb, dust.
uku-Vutiilula, v. t. To shake off: vntu-
lula umit zitutuluke iziqamo, shake the
tree that the fruit may fall down; to
shake out as grain from a sack, or dust
from a garment or carpet : viitulula ittgubo,
shake out the dust from the clothes; to
shake off from the hand or any other
object.
— Vutululela, v. To shake off at or into ;
wayivutululela itiyoka emlilweni, he shook
off the snake into the fire.
458
VU
— Vutuza, V. i. To blow with violence,
as a hurricane.
— Vutuvutuza, V. t. To make short and
successive motions of the body, or
repeated efforts of a short and rapid
character.
— Vutuzisa, V. To cause to blow.
uku-Vuva, V. To break, Qic., = uhi-Viva.
isi-Vuvu, M. 4. (a) A worthless, weak thing;
refuse; fig. one who "is lukewarm, in-
different, without vigour,
(b) The Namaqua dove, Oena capensis (L.),
ubu-Vuvu, M. 7. Small, worthless, weak
things; lukewarmness; physical, moral and
intellectual weakness; refuse, crumbs;
see i-Kwakwini; fig. vagabonds, rabble.
Dim. iibuvuvatia.
uku-VUYA, V. i. Orig. to rise like inkobe in
the pot; to rejoice; to have or feel joy; to
be glad: vuyani enkosini, rejoice in the
Lord ; ukuvnya imbali, to rejoice beyond
measure.
u-Vuyo, w. 5. State of being joyful ; joy,
rejoicing, gladness.
um-Vuyo, n. 6. Joy, joyfulness. adv.
tigemiviiyo, voluntarily, spontaneously.
uku-Vuyela, v. To rejoice over, at, for
or on account of: ndivuyela wena, I feel
joy on your account.
— Vuyelela, r. To rejoice triumphantly
over (a subdued enemy) ; or ironically,
jeeringly.
um-Vuyeleli, «. I. One who rejoices over.
im-Vuyelelo, n- 3. Victorious rejoicing.
uku-Vuyeleleka, v. To be triumphed
over; to be despised.
— Vuyisa, v. To cause or give joy, or
reason for joy: lendaba indivuyisile, this
news has made me joyful.
um-VuyisF, n. I. One who causes joy.
u-Vuyiso, n. 5. Making merry, rejoicing.
uku-Vuyisana, v. To rejoice or be glad
with another: vuyisanani nam, rejoice
with me.
— Vuylseka, v. To be made joyful.
uku-Vuza, I. *'. i. Of the mouth of a dog, to
water with desire in the presence of food;
to leak: isityn siyavuza, the vessel leaks;
ukuviiza kwetidlcbe, a running at the ears.
— Vuzela, V. To ooze out, drop out:
iiitiaka ezivuzelayo, resin dropping by
itself.
— Vuzisa, v. To allow to trickle:
wavuzisa iilucwe ezinderini zake, he let his
spittle fall down upon his beard.
vu
uku-Vuza, II. V. i. To reward, pay, com-
pensate : ndtya kukuvuza ngokwemisebcnziyako,
I shall reward you according to your work.
um-Vuzi, n. I. One who bestows, a re-
warder : ungumvuzi kubo abamfunayo, he is
a rewarder of them who seek after him. fowls.
VU
um-Vuzo, n. 6. Reward, wages.
-Vuzi, «. 2. The water mongoose, Mungds
paludinosus typicus G. Cm-., spoken of also
under the euphemistic name of isi-Tebe, in
reference to its alleged method of capturing
w
Win Kafir is a semi-vowel with a much
fainter pronunciation than in English ;
before o and u in such words as iwonga and
ukuwtila, w has a very soft sound approxi-
mating to h. Between the vowels a and «,
its presence is very faintly detected in
speech, though it may be brought out more
plainly in singing; diversity of spelling has
therefore prevailed, as laula and lawtila.
In this edition w has been omitted, though
not with absolute uniformity, between a
and m; but it is to be remembered that the
au combination contains two separate
syllables and is not a diphthong; w has
been retained between e and u, as inkewu,
and between i and m, as q'twu.
W is the representative letter of I and 6
cl, sing, and sometimes of 2 cl. plur.
Wa, I. pass, particle (a) of I cl. sing.: umfazi
wa-indoda = wendoda, the wife of the man;
(b) of 6 cl. sing. : iimzi wabo, their place.
2. pron. subj. of Conj. past, (a) 2 p. sing. :
watanda, and thou lovedst. (b) I cl. sing. :
watanda, and he loved, (c) 6 cl. sing.:
yfahluma, and it (the tree) grew.
3. pron. obj. of 2 cl. pi. : ndawaboim amnhashe,
I saw the horses.
4. Contrac. form (a) of the pres. absol. 2 p.
sing.: wafa! from uyafa, you are dying 1
wenzakala ! you will be hurt ! (b) of ivena,
used as vocative in a familiar way by
superiors to inferiors or by equals; wa
wetu! look here! pay attention, my good
fellow! wa mfondini! thou, man ! wa ^^^m /
you (friend) of ours! wa is also used in
checking a person when doing wrong.
5. An aux. particle denoting the repetition
of some habitual but reprehensible action:
uyavfafeketa, he is trifling again as usual;
umtwana uyawalila, the child cries conti-
nually ; uyawats/w, he is always saying so ;
siyawalahleka, we are always getting lost ;
iyawa yinto-ninaf what is that now? what
are you doing ?
6. Termination of the passive voice, with
pres., imper. and future tenses, and their
compound forms: ndiyabeta, I beat; «rf/ja-
betyva, I am beaten.
Wa, pron. subj. of absol. past (aorist) (a) 2 p.
sing.: watanda, thou lovedst. (b) I cl. sing.:
yvatanda, he loved, (b) 6. cl. sing. : imttt wa-
hluma, the tree grew.
uku-WA, V. i. To fall or sink down : ndiwile
ehasheni, I fell from the horse; to drop
from an erect posture through becoming
feeble or fainting : uwile endleleni, he fainted
on the road; fig. wawa biitongo, h« was
overpowered by sleep; iibuso bake biiwile, lit.
his countenance fell, i.e. he was dejected;
to sink into disrespect by departing from
rectitude; to degrade oneself by wrong
conduct : uwile ezonweni or wawa emntwini,
he has fallen into sin. Phr. wawa siduli, he
fainted away, fell in a swoon; umsebenzi
uwile, the labour was too great, too heavy;
bamwa ngentsini, they laughed at him; see
in-Tonga.
The following 2-cl. pi. forms are to be
distinguished: abbrev. rel. awd, who or
which fell ; absol. past awa, they fell ; conj.
past awa, and they fell ; short present dwa,
they fall.
ili-Wa, contrac. i-Wa, n. 2. Lit. a falling
down, or a place for falling down; a
place descending in a perpendicular direc-
tion, i.e. precipice, cliff, high and steep
rock, kranz. Phr. wandibambis' iliwa, he
cheated me.
isi-Wana, n. 4. A small cliff, etc.
isi-Wo, n. 4. Fall: isiwo sake sikulu, his
fall is great ; fig. offence.
uku-Wela, v. (a) To fall upon or into a
certain place: indlu indiwele, the house
fell upon me ; uwele emhadini, he fell into
a hole; inqwelo yamwela lotnntu, the
wagon passed over this person; ndawelwa
yingozi, an accident befell me; uwelwe
sisifo sokufa, he is overtaken by deadly
sickness.
459
WA
(b) To pass over a river or the sea
ndiiwela elwandle, I went over the sea;
andikwazi iikuwela cmlanjeni, I do not
know how to ford the river.
— Welana, v. To fall upon each othei
Phr. ittdonga ziwehne, lit. the walls have
come into collision, said of a match or
of a singing competition or of any dis-
pute between persons of consequence.
•^Welela, v. To go over for; to go over
and return: wawelela elwandle, he went
over the sea and came back again.
— Welisa, r. To cause, compel to go
over; to conduct over a river or the
ocean.
— Weza, V. To assist in crossing a river,
or to conduct over it.
um-Wezi, n. I. A ferryman.
uku-Wezela, v. To conduct over to.
— Wisa, r. To bring or cause to fall ; to
cast or throw down; to let fall, drop,
upset: wayiwisa imbiza, he upset the pot;
fig. to humble: waziwisa panib't kwake,
he humbled himself before him; «*«w/5rt
umteto, isigivehn, ainazwi, etc., to give
forth or promulgate a law, command,
judgment ; to make a speech, etc.
Phr. uimvisile or ttmlahlile unyoko, he
has thrown down your mother. When
children are egging on two of their
number to fight, they place a stone (a
mother) on the head of each, and wait
to see what the two set in opposition will
do; if both children throw off the stones,
a fight ensues at once; if one retains his
stone and the other casts his down, the
one retaining the stone is accounted a
coward and is at the mercy of the one
who threw his stone down.
um-Wisi-mtetd, «. I. One who lays
down a command; a prophet.
i-Wisa, w. 2. Em. A short stick with a
knob at the end for felling a man; a
c\\ih, = t-Gqudu; pi. amawisa, something
fallen from a triend, used as inierj. = ma-
Coli!
isi-Wiso, w. 4. A trap; fig. stumbling
block, cause of offence.
uku-Wisela, v. To command for; itdiwi-
selwe umteto, I was commanded.
— Wisisa, V. To make or cause one to
fall heavily.
i-Waba, n. 2. A black ox with white flanks;
fig. a grandee; a great, illustrious man, so
called from wearing garments made from
the skin of cattle ; fem. hmsahizi.
WA
Wabe, anx. is sometimes used (more
commonly Em. than Kafir) for waye, with
verbs: wabe eftineka, he was sought for.
Wabo, pass. proii. I. I cl.pl. ref. to (a) I cl. sing.
Their: ndababona abautu nomteteli ivaho, I
saw the people and their captain, (b) 6 cl.
sing.: uzvuvile-na umteto ivabo? did you
hear their commandment?
II. 7 cl. ref. to (a) I cl. sing. Its: ubuku-
mkani mkumlwii waho, the kingdom and its
king, (b) 6 cl. sing.: ubuhmgisa bunomvuzo
W(7bo, righteousness has its reward ; see Bo.
u-Wabo, II. I. pi. atna. Lit. one of theirs, i.e.
one of his or their family or tribe; a
neighbour, consort, comrade.
ukuti-Waca, v. i. To fall or lie down or
alight in any place, in companies, droves,
flocks, heaps, as maize when blown down by
the wind, or the dead slain on a battlefield:
impi yathva-waca hitshaha, the army was
cast down, i.e. slain, by the enemy; iiitaka
zati-waca eiitsimiiii, the birds alighted in a
flock in the garden.
ukuti-WahIa, f. t. To pour out (money).
i-Wahlawahla, n. 2. Several things broken
about the same time.
uku-Wahlaza, v. i. To rattle, as the chains
worn as ornaments by women, or beads on
a girl walking; to jingle money in the
pocket ; to rustle, as leaves.
i-Waka, n. 2, A thousand : kwawa amawaka
omatatii amadoda, there fell three thousand
men.
uku-WAKA, V. i. To walk about, take a
walk, fr. the Eng.
Wake, pass, proii. I cl. sing. ref. to (a) I cl.
sing. : umntwaiia «wke, his child, (b) 6 cl.
sing. : umlomo iivzke, his mouth; see Ke.
Wakd, poss. proii. I. Thy. 2 p, sing. ref. to (a)
I cl. sing.: unyaiia ruakd, thy son. (b) 6 cl.
sing.: mnpu avzkd, thy gun.
II. Its. 8 cl. ref. to (a) I cl. sing.: umpeki
tt)ak6 (ukudla), its (the food's) cook, (b) 6
cl. sing.: umsebenzi ivalub (ukwaka), the la-
bour of it (building) ; see Kd. (It is to be
distinguished from waka wakd, he was at
one time present).
Waku, Temp. mood. When. 2 p. sing.:wfl-
kuteta, when thou spokest ; and 6 cl. sing. :
wakuba umlambo uzele, when the river had
been full.
uku-WalakahIa, v. i. To fall with a hard
noise or crash, as a horse and rider to-
gether ; to drop down.
u Walakahia, //. 5. The falling down
with a loud crash.
460
Wa
u-Walala, //. 5. A garment hanging loosely
on the body, not in the usual graceful
folds.
uku-Wa!aza, /'. i. To be in a hurry ; to act
thoughtlessly and carelessly; to feel pain in
chewing; fig. to offend, wound by words.
Walo, poss. pron. Its. I. 2 cl. sing. ref. to
(a) I cl. sing. ; umkwcli ivalo (ihashe), its
(the horse's) rider, (b) 6 cl. sing. : nmkala
walo (ihashe), its (the horse's) bridle.
II. 5 cl. sing. ref. to (a) I cl. sing.:
mnbumbi wa\o (tidongwe), its (the potclay's)
former, (b) 6 cl. sing. : utando lunomseheiizi
wa\o, love has its work ; see Lo.
Walowo, distrib. pron. of I cl. Every one ;
see Lowo.
Warn, poss. pron. My. I p. sing. ref. to (a)
I cl. sing. : unyana wnm, my ?,ovi. (b) 6 cl.
sing. : iimlomo ivam, my mouth ; see M.
ukuti-Wambu, v. t. To throw a garment
loosely over the head ; to cover with a
garment ; to tie it round the body, hence,
to clothe.
isi-Wandawili, «. 4. Commotion caused by
a gust of wind; a whirlwind ; = ?5/-F;o/Jh-
vundu.
Wanga, 2 p. sing, and I and 6 cl. sing. aor.
ot uku-Nga (a) and (b).
i-Wangala, n. 2. A heap of wood near the
fire ; an innumerable amount of things.
un!^Wa^?galala!",^6.j ^'^^"^ thrashed out
and lying spread on the floor ; small money
scattered about, cattle dispersed; cheap
sweets sold in handfuls instead of being
counted out; fig. a general statement:
uluwangalala ekuteteni kwake, he rambles
about in his speech, does not care what he
says.
u-Wangawanga, ti. 5. An endless thing, as
a path through a forest, or a very long
rope.
uku-Wangawangisa, v. t. To move the
hands in the air in order to get a hearing.
uku-Wanqa, r. t. To speak many useless
things ; to speak at random.
u-Wanzi, n. 5. That which is broad and
indefinite.
i-Wafa, n. 2. Colour.
i-Wara, n. 2. A calabash, the milk of which
is used only by umdlezana.
i-Wafolo, n. 2. A black ox with white belly
and legs,
i-Wasakazi, n. 2. fem. of i-Waba. A black
cow with white belly and flanks.
WA
u-Wasalala, n. 5. That which is scattered
all over or lying about in all directions ;
= urn- Wangalala.
Waso, poss. pron. Its. 4 cl. sing. ref. to (a)
1 cl. sing.: isibakabaka semiwe ngumdali
waso, the firmament has been made by its
Creator, (b) 6 cl. sing. : isiiya sinompambo
waso, the vessel has its handle ; see So.
i-Watsha, n. 2. An arm-ring.
u-Watsho, «. 5. The fat on the i-Congwane
eaten by little boys after being rubbed in
fresh cowdung.
Wau, Contrac. from waye u, 2 p. sing, and
6 cl. sing. : wautanda, thou usedst to love ;
timoya wauviituza, the wind was blowing
hard ; see Waye.
i-Wawa, n. 2. The barking of a dog.
um-Wawalala, n. 6. That which is beyond
the ordinary limit ; a heap of wood, etc. ;
see i-Wangala.
Wawo, poss. pron. I. Their. 2 cl. pi. ref. to
(a) I cl. sing. : amatole anomaliisi wawo, the
calves have their herdsman, (b) 6 cl. sing.:
amadoda akawulimi uinhlaba wawo, the
men do not plough their ground.
II. Its. 6 cl. sing. ref. to (a) I cl. sing. :
unikosi upetwe ngumpati wawo, the army
is led by its leader, (b) 6 cl. sing.: yimba
iimhadi iikupe umhlaba zvawo, dig a deep pit
and throw out its soil ; see Wo.
u-Waya, «. 5. used as adj. Beyond the
ordinary limit ; long (of a speech) ; much
(to do) : ihashe liluwaya, the horse is a racer,
swifter than other horses: izinto eziluwaya,
the things are many ; = u-Haya.
uku-Wayaza, v. i. To speak, consult pri-
vately amongst each other.
Waye, aux. of compound tenses: (a) 2 p.
sing. : waye utanda, contrac. wautanda, thou
wast loving, (b) I cl. sing.: waye ebasile,
contrac. tvayebasile, he had kindled or used
to kindle fire, (c) 6 cl. sing.: wafyejuya
kuhluma lomti, this tree would hav« grown,
or will grow ; see uku-Ya 2 (c).
Wayi, adv. All at once, immediately, quickly.
\^&y\wa.y\,iidv. Quickly; of a pestilence,
killing.
Phr. kokwabanye wayi wayi, kokwakb roqo,
for other men's you scramble, your own
you clutch, said of a mean niggardly
person.
Wayo, poss. pron. I. 3 el. sing. ref. to (a)
I cl. sing. Its : ndiyayazi indlu nomak't wayo,
I know the house and its builder, (a) 6 cl.
sing. His, her, its or their: nditanda indpda
WA
nomzitnba wayo, I like the man and his
body, or his strength.
II. 6 cl. pi. ref. to (a) I cl. sing. Their;
imipanda yaqekezwa vgtnnbumbi wayo, the
pots were broken by their potter, (b) 6 cl.
sing. Its: umtiinzi wayo, (imiti) umnandi,
their (the trees') shade is pleasant.
u-Wayo, n. I. His neighbour.
Waza, 2 p. and l and 6 cl. sing, past tense
of iiku-Za, used idiomatically to introduce a
further statement. Then : waza wapendula,
then he answered ; see tikii-Za.
Wazo, poss. pron. Their, I. 3 cl. pi. ref. to
(a) I. cl. sing.: igusha bezikutshiva esibayeni
ngiimahisi wazo, the sheep were put out of
the kraal by their herdsman, (b) 6 cl. sing.:
ndawiifumana umkondo waio (inkabi), I
found their (the bullocks') track.
II. 4 cl. pi ref. to (a) I cl. sing.: izizwe zi-
yalaulwa tigiikumkani ivazo, the tribes are
reigned over by their king, i.e. a king
reigns over his tribes, (b) 6 cl. sing.: izi-
caka zam aziwngqibufiga mnsebenzi wazo, my
servants did not finish their work.
III. 5 cl. pi. ref. to (a) I cl. sing.: zipina
izintif ttmritu wazo uyazifuna, where are
the sticks ? their owner seeks them, (b) 6 cl.
sing.: imbedlenge zavela evizini wazo, the
poor people came from their place; see Zo.
We, Contrac. from wena. Thou. 2 p. sing, (a)
used with prep. : tidoza kuwe, I shall come
to thee; ndahamba nawe, I walked with
th3e. (b) following the copula, expressing
causal relationship: lamasimi alinywe ngu-
we, these gardens have been ploughed by
you.
ukuti-Webu, v. i. To move away quickly,
immediately.
Wedwa, adj. 2 p. sing. Thou alone: nguwe
wedwa onokunceda, you alone can help; see
Dwa.
um-Wehla, n. 6. Loose stones forming a
talus on a hillside; a precipice; loc. emwe-
hleni, among loose stones on a steep slope ;
= iim-Wewe.
uku-Wela, see under uku-Wa.
i-Wele, ".. 2. A twin; atnawele, twins; fem.
iwelazana. When twins are born, two
euphorbia-trees are planted at the kraal;
the health of the trees is believed to coin-
cide with the health of the twins. Twins,
when still young, are reputed to have the
power of always being able to discover
each other's whereabouts. Twins or, in
some tribes, the child born after twins are
we
held in great repute as pruners of pump-
kins; a pumpkin-garden that has been
pruned by twins will produce a large crop.
Among some tribes, when a twin is going
to work, he exchanges his blanket for the
time being with his brother.
um-Wele, n. 6. Cliffortia strobilifera L.
Wena, pron. emphat. 2 p. sing. subj. and obj.
wena uhatnbayo, thou who walkest;
ndikangela wena. I am looking at thee;
nditeta wena, I speak of thee.
W6na-kel wgnanil interj. You there! (in
disapproval) Don't ! = Miisa.
Wenu, pjs:. pron. Your. 2 p. pi. ref. to (a)
I cl. ning.: nmkokeli ty^nu, your leader.
(b) 6 cl. sing. : umzi w^nu, your village.
u-Wenu, n. I. plur. ama. One of you;
your neighbour.
Wetu, poss. pron. Our. I p. pi. ref. to (a) I
cl. sing. : uknmkani wetvk, our king, (b) 6 cl.
sing.: umkosi wctii, o\ir divmy.
u-Wetu, n. I. pi. ama. One of us, belonging
to us, one of our family or tribe ; a contem-
porary. Wetu ! is the form of address be-
tween girls as mfondini is between boys.
um-Wewe, n. 6. (a) Heap of loose stones
on a hillside; ruins; a dwelling place of
bushmen or coneys under rocks, hence, a
doleful place, (b) A confused noise, as of
an uproar, or of doleful sounds.
uku-WexuIa, v. To sweep, etc., along ;=;«*«-
Kxikula.
— Wexulisa, v. To shove away the cow-
dung in smearing a floor; to sweep away,
as a torrent; to tear along with violence;
fig. to cause to err; to mislead, lead
astray.
Weyi I interj. in answering a call.
uku-Weza, uku-Wezela, See under uku-Wa.
i-Weza, «. 2. That which is white, dec-
orated: izulu lingamaweza zintaka, the sky
is white with birds; into eweza, a thing
quite white.
ubu-Weza, «. 7. The state of being white
as wool or snow.
uku-WiJa, V. t. To tempt, attract.
ukuti-Wim, v. i. To come back.
uku-Wisa, see under uku-Wa.
ukuti-Wltyl, V. t. To take away one or two
out of many : ndite-wityi amabini kwinyanda
yamazele, I took out two from a bundle of
sugarcane.
Wo, poss. pron. 2 cl. pi. and 6 cl. sins. : "«'-
sila yayvo (amahashe), their (the horses')
tails; iziqamo zawo {umti), its (the tree's)
fruits; and so on through all classes;
emphat. eyawo imisila, their (horses') tails.
462
wo
It is used (a) with prepositions : sakwela
kuyvo (amahashe), we rode on them (the
horses) ; ndabeka kuvfo (umlambo), I turned
to it (the river), (b) following the copula,
expressing causal relationship: sanyatelwa
tigawo (amahashe), we were trampled on by
them (the horses); ndkvelwe nguwo (umt'i),
it (the tree) fell on me.
Wo, Condit. future of 2 p. and I and 6 cl.
sing. : ivodla, thou wilt or he will eat ; um-
lambo wozala, the river will be full.
isi-Wo, see under uku-Wa.
isi-Woc6lo, n. 4. Bracelet, etc., see is-Acolo.
Wodwa, adj. 6 cl. Only: umtunzi wodwa,
nothing but shade. See Diva.
i-Wohlowohlo, n. 2. That which is ready
to fall to pieces.
uku-Wohloka, v. i. To tingle ; to fall off
bit by bit with a crashing noise.
- Wohloza, V. t. To pour out (money)
with noise, (cf. uhi-Wahlaza) .
i-Wokowoko, ft. 2. That which is old and
broken (hut, wagon).
ukuti-WOLE, V. i. To wrestle with one.
uku-Wola, V. t. To gather up anything and
remove it (ashes) ; to take together : wa-
wola tibidongo, she collected cowdung for
smearing a hut ; wola izikali, take up arms
fig. to clasp, embrace: watnwola ngomqala,
he fell on his neck, he embraced him.
— Wolela, V. To gather, collect ; = j<^«-
Womela.
u-Woielo, n. 5. Gathering, collection.
uku-Womela, v. i. To come together, 01
gather in one place.
— WomeUsela, v. To bring together in one
place.
Wona, pron. I. 6 cl. sing. It, itself, (a) subj.
wona imeziqamo, it (the tree) has fruit, (b)
obj. : ndagaula wona (timt'i), I cut it (the
tree) down, (c) emphat: owona mil uluvgi-
leyo, the best tree; owoua tnieto mkulu ngti-
wuphta f which is the great commandment ?
II. 2 cl. pi. They, them, (a) subj. : wona
(amahashe) ayabaleka, they (the horses) are
racing, (b) obj. : lamazwi esitete wona,
these words which we have spoken, (c)
emphatic : awona manzi mahle ngala, this is
the cleanest water.
i-Wonga. n. 2. Em. Gracefulness of carri-
age or deportment; the fine figure of a big
boned, large sized young person; timntu
oncwouga, a sturdy man; fig. greatness,
grandeur, one of great account or conse-
quence, respectable status ; amawonga emfii-
ndo, degrees of learning ;=:/-(?rt^a in Kafir,
WO
um-Wonyo, n. 6. A deep valley or woode
ravine, a kloof; a path running through a
dangerous ravine; a defile, chasm, gorge;
loc. emwonyweni.
ukuti-Wowo, V. i. Of a drunk man or a child,
to make a noise.
Wu, pron. obj. 6 cl. sing. It: ndiv/ugaule
lomti, I have cut this tree down.
ukuti-Wu, V. t. To pour in (water).
i-Wuba, n. 2. A deep ravine worn out by
water; destruction caused by water demo-
lishing walls and rocks; a place which
swallows up many things, but brings forth
nothing; great hunger or emptiness: ingwe
yayiliwuba lipaugo, the leopard was vora-
ciously hungry.
u-Wuca, n. 5. Thin gruel made from pre-
pared and sifted meal; light food easily
swallowed.
um-Wucana, n. 6. That which is weak,
slack, lax, torpid, fainting.
isi-Wukuwuku, n. 4. A stupid, idiotic
person.
uku-WuIa, V. t. To turn, turn away, move:
inyoka iyaziwula, the snake coils itself up.
— Wulela, V. To turn away from: undi-
wulela-nina? why do you turn away
from me ?
isi-Wunduwundu, w. 4. VXnr. ama. Along
garment or curtain which waves to and fro ;
a priest's gown or robe.
uku-Wunduza, v. i. To wave to and fro,
as a long garment.
ukuti-Wangu, v. i. To go all together in a
body.
uku-Wungula, v. t. To brush off chaff from
wheat when thrashed out; to gather (chips,
grass).
ukuti-Wunyu, v. t. To retreat; to select one
out of many articles or things.
Wush ! interj. uttered at the ivushuza
ceremony ; = hush !
uku-Wushuza, v. t. To wave a new-born
child to and fro through the smoke of
um-Nikamblba ; = ukii-Hushuza.
ukuti-Wutu, V. t. and i. To take away or
draw out; to decrease; to fall off.
uku-Wuta, V. i. To get low, sink, subside,
decrease: amanzi awut'ile, the water de-
creased, fell (after the river had been full).
— Wutisa, V. To cause to decrease or
fall.
uku-Wuza, V. To glide gently, as a swimmer
along the surface of the water, or as a bird
through the air, or as pus oozing from a
wound.
463
X
V represents the lateral click, produced by
■^^ placing the tongue against the side teeth
which are partly opened, and then suddenly
and forcibly withdrawing it. It appears in
seven combinations: —
1. The simple click x, as in xa when.
2. The aspirate form of the simple click,
written x', as in ttku-Xaxa, to chop.
3. The liquid form of the simple click, in
which an « sound is heard, written iix, as
in inxanxadi, the Fiscal shrike.
4. The explosive form of the liquid click,
written nx. Nouns with the prefix
formed from verbs beginning with .r' make
inx : as ukuxola, inxola. Plurals of cl. 5
whose stems begin with.v' also take inx-: vxa-
xazo, inxaxazo.
5. The voiced click, in which a g sound is
heard, written gx, as in gxebe! By the way !
6. The liquid form of the voiced click,
written nx, as in tixatsho-he ! well done!
7. The more explosive liquid form of the
voiced click written ngx, as in ukittt-tigxa,
to flow down.
Nouns with the prefix in-, formed from
verbs beginning with x, make ingx-: nhixela,
ingxelo. Plurals of cl. 5 whose stems begin
with x also take ingx-: uxande, ingxande.
X I interj. of disappointment, impatience, etc.
Leave me!
Xa ! interj. Stop !
ukuti-Xa, 1;. /. To pause, wait a little; to
stop (at a place) : indoda mayike itl-xa
iikiinduluka, the man ought to wait a little
before setting out; to stick fast (in the
throat).
Xa, When ; see ili-Xa.
ili-Xa, contrac. i-Xa, «. 2. Time, now also
used for hour; ngimiaxa onke, at ail
times or hours. From it are derived the
following adverbs of time:
Xa and Xana, When : xa nfikayo, when he
arrives ; xa linibl, xa lintb'i, now — then.
ma-Xa, When, at the time when: maxa
ijikileyo Ion lod 7, when that man arrived;
tnaxa tvainbt, m ixa wamb'i, sometimes —
sometimes.
Kuxa, It is then: kiiba xa .^iikiiha ndingena-
niandla, kuxa ndinamanila, for when I am
weak, then I am strong.
Xenikweni, When.
isi-Xa, ;/. 4. A heap of grain ; a bunch of
grass or flowers.
uku-Xaba, r. t. and /. To bar an entrance by
placing a bar across it, so that nothing
can go in or out; to lie across; to be in
a wrong and unnatural position, as a bone
stuck in the throat, or as a child or animal in
an unnatural position at birth: tnnfazi
uxatyiwe, the woman is hindered from
bearing by the wrong position of the child;
fig. to be adverse to, to oppose; to find
fault with ; to blame ; to be at cross purposes
with another person.
i-Xaba, n. 2. A bar to an entrance ; a
bolt to a door; a mat or skin hung up
against the wind ; a shed ; fig. a conten-
tious person, a strife-raiser.
uku-Xabana, r. To be cross with one
another; to quarrel with each other:
baxabcne na?n, they have quarrelled with
me ; they are bad friends with me.
i-Xabano, //. 2. A fray, broil, riot.
ing-Xabano, n. 3. Contention, strife.
uku-Xabanlsa, v. To cause a quarrel ; to
set one against the other ; to entangle in
any way, as thread or string.
— Xabisa, v. To give a wrong position ; to
cause to be hostile; to reach the limit
in measuring a thing; to be worth.
i-Xabiso, n. 2. Lit. a bar, hence, a hind-
rance to the possession of a thing; price,
worth, value: xa tKtombi isexabisweni,
when the girl is old enough, i.e. is of
value.
ubu-Xabiso, n. 7, Worth, value.
uku-Xabiseka, r. To have a value, to be
of value : abasebcnzi abaxabisekileyo,
valuable workers; elic'izalixabisekekakulu,
this exceedingly valuable medicine.
ukuti-Xabexabe, v. To cut up, etc. ; = «;&«-
Xabda.
i-Xabexabe, n. 2. That which is cut down :
inipi yalix'ibexabe, the army was cut
down with axes, or stabbed with assegais.
uku-Xabela, v. To hack, chop to pieces:
zvaxabela ipuzi, he cut up the pumpkin
into pieces; to wound with a hatchet or
spade; fig. to be hostile to; to smite,
attack : bamxabele, they are hostile to
him ; haxatyelwc, they have been cut
down.
ing-Xabela, n. 3. An axe or other cutting
instrument of very large size.
isi-Xabelo, v. 4. A cutting open, hence
explanation of or remarks on a text,
464
XA
u-Xabelo, n. 5. Slaughter.
uku-Xabelela, r. To interfere with another
person's work and spoil it: mtis' ukuwuxa-
belela umsebenzi warn, don't interfere with
my work.
uku-Xabangela, v. t. To plant maize, etc.,
in rows; to plant it in places where the
seed sown has not come up.
uku Xabasha, v. t. To hang a bag over the
arm or shoulder; to prepare, make ready,
provide for a journey.
u Xabaxa, n. 5. Foam.
i-Xabaxo, n. 2. A temporary, rickety
dwelling ; anything done hastily and on a
small scale.
i-Xabelo, n. 2. The wild mulberry, Tremeria
alnifolia Planch., a tree with hard, tough
wood.
uku-Xabula, v. t. To cause blisters by beat-
ing.
— Xabuka, v. i. To have a blistered spot
caused by beating.
um-Xadi, «. 6. generally in plur. The jugular
muscles.
ukuti-Xafa, v. i. To touch a thing so feebly
as only to leave a faint mark or impression;
to be weak, feeble, languid ; to speak in a
low tone after sickness.
uku-Xafanga, v. t. To press out (water
from a sponge or rag) ; of. uku-Faxmiga.
isi-Xafangelo, h. 4. A (wine) press ; =
isi-Faxangelo.
i-Xagi, n. 2. A boy.
ukuti-Xaka, v. i. To be spread out.
uku-Xaka, v. t. To puzzle, annoy, obstruct,
hinder: lento iyandixaka, this thing puzzles
me; indlela exakileyo, a road not easily
travelled by reason of its intricacy or
roughness; into exakileyo, 2i di^cali matter.
Phr. ukuxak' intendele, to cause perplexity
to the men of the village assembled to
consider a matter; to do something diffi-
cult to explain away or put right.
i-Xaka, n. 2. A good-for-nothing fellow.
i-Xakaviti, n. 2. Of men, one who is inert,
without vigour; that which is old, worn
out: izihlangii zam zingatnaxakaviti, my
shoes are worn out.
ing-Xaki, n. 3, isi-Xaki, n. 4. and isi-Xako,
n. 4. Hindrance, obstruction.
uku-Xakama, v. To be suspended by
being caught in a tree ; to be concerned
about something.
— Xakana, v. To obstruct, hurt, injure
each other.
— Xakanisa, v. To hinder, obstruct,
oppose; to catch one in his speech.
J3 465
XA
isi-Xakaniso, n. 4. Hindrance, obstacle
to progress, perplexity, embarrassment.
uku-Xakaniseka, v. To be puzzled, an-
noyed, etc.
— Xakeka, t». To be puzzled, obstructed;
to be in difficulty : tidixakekile, I am in a
fix, do not know what to do; or I am
hindered, i.e. I am engaged in some busi-
ness or undertaking which prevents my
attention being given to any other busi-
ness, or to any person seeking an inter-
view; or to be uncomfortable, in distress:
ndixakekile andinakuteta ngoku, I am en-
gaged and cannot speak to you now ; into
exakekileyo, a ticklish, delicate matter
which causes trouble, or to mention
which is not good ; umfazi uxakekile, the
woman is heavy with child.
ing-Xakeko, n. 3.=^ isi-Xakaniso.
i-Xakiso, n. 2. Danger.
uku-Xakazela, v. To be in a great hurry^
as a man who has already shouldered his
burden for his journey; to prepare
quickly.
uku-Xaka, v. i. Of horns, to point down-
wards.
i-Xaka or i-Xaka eliqutu, n. 2. An ox
with hanging horns; the dancing ox.
i-Xakaxaka, «. 2. A person (especially a
witchdoctor), or an animal whose body
is covered with articles of ornament or
burdens dangling down; amaxakaxaka
enyama, pieces, slices of meat.
adj. Untidy.
uku-Xakisa, r. To cause horns to point
downwards.
uku-Xaka, r. t. To fasten or join arm in
arm ; to hook ih.^
um-Xaka, n. 6. A ring of ivory worn on
the upper arm as a sign of distinction;
an order ; isinxiba-mxaka, a distinguished
person.
uku-Xakana, v. To join with one another :
ndaxakana nentoinbi, I walked arm in arm
with the girl.
u-Xakano, n. 5. Walking arm in arm.
uku-Xakeka, v. i. To be hooked in.
uku-Xakameza, v. t. To lay hold of (words),
not fully understanding.
ukuti-Xakamfu, v. To catch violently, to
hold firmly by the hand.
ukuXakamfula, v. t. To take by force
and keep or hold fast; to seize by the
hand or by the mouth, as beasts of prey
do, or as animals ravenously seizing
food.
um-XAkamfuIl, «. l. A spoiler.
uku-Xakatd, v. t. Of a bride, to fasten her
shawl (of fairly large size) in certain
prescribed ways during the period when
she is wearing her headdress drawn down
over her brov/; during the first stage she
wears her shawl over both shoulders and
pins it in front; during the second stage
she wears it over the right shoulder and
under the left arm and pins it over the right
shoulder; during the third or final stage
she wears it as during the second stage
but also girds it at the waist.
To fasten a garment by a needle, button or
brooch; to hang round or about; to wear
(a blanket); fig. to bear fruit: imitl iyaxa-
kata izixakato, the trees bear fruit ; umfozi
warn uxakatile, my wife gave birth to a child.
isi-Xakat6, «. 4. Fruit of trees.
um-Xakat6, //. 6. A clasp, buckle, thong
to keep or tie the garments together.
uku-Xakatela, v. To bear fruit for.
uku-Xakaxa, v. t. To chop or cut down.
u-Xakaxa, n. 5. Phlegm, or the thick viscid
matter which settles in the chest and is
discharged by coughing; foam from the
mouth of dying animals.
uku-Xilla, V. i. To be anxious, troubled,
uneasy, disturbed: ndixalile, I am cast
down by troubles.
i-Xala, M. 2. That which causes anxiety,
trouble ; anxious care : ixala lipelile, my
anxiety is at an end.
uku-Xalela, r. To be anxious, fro jbled for
or in respect of any subject or oc :urrence :
intlizivo yam ixalela unmtivaua ivam, my
mind is anxious about my child; umfana
ongawuxaleleyo timpifumlo wake, a youth
who does not care for his soul; yinina
ukiiba nixalele into yokwambata? why are
ye anxious concerning raiment? itnpi
yayivgaxalele into, the host felt secure.
— Xalisa, r. To cause trouble or anxiety.
isi-Xa!iso, n. A. = i-Xala.
uku-Xalaba, v. i. To shrug the shoulders
from fear; to be struck with fear; to be
startled; to be restless, anxious for; to be
disabled by an accident which has caused
injury to a limb.
— Xalabeka, v. To be greatly afraid,
owing to a fright, cold, or a wound ; to
feel the anguish of death.
— Xalabisa, v. To startle, terrify.
um-Xalagube, n. 6. A shrub with edible
fruit ; fig. an emaciated, lean person.
i-Xalanga, n. 2. Generic name for vultures.
XA
i-Xalanxa, tt. 2. (a) Hypoxis sericea Baker,
a plant whose bulbs are boiled or roasted
and eaten. The oil which oozes out of
this bulb when roasted on the fire is used
for anointing wounds.
(b) Hypoxis obliqua/czr^., the resin of
which is used for fastening the blade into
the assegai shaft.
um-Xaleba, tt. 6. A kind of Cryptocarya.
u-Xam, //. I. The monitor, Varanus niloti-
cus (L.) a species of iguana commonly
found beside water. Its skin is tied round
the wrist in case of sickress. Phr. uxam
wapusile, the iguana gives no more milk;
the iguana is believed to lose all maternal
affection after weaning her young; we
don't get good things from our friend as
before ; uxani wakohva ngamantintinti, the
iguana was persuaded by blows (he does
not stir till he is struck).
uku-Xama, v. t. (a) To start a competition
for a wife ; to propose, bespeak, offer the
ikazi; applied generally to the engaging of
a girl, and explained by ukugalela inkomo,
i.e. to pour in cattle, to make inclined for
cattle, which is done when two or more
parties wish to engage a girl for a wife,
one party offering more cattle than the
other, when it is said : bayashiyiselana 7ige-
nkomo, lit. they bid against each other with
cattle, one beating the other by a higher
price : lentombi ixanyiwe ngu-Baliso, this girl
is bargained for by Baliso.
(b) To pay too much, too dear: ndili-
xamile elohashe, I have paid too much for
this horse.
i-Xama, n. 2. The red hartebeest, Bubalis
caama (G. Cuv.) ; fig. an outcast; an out-
lawed, banished, proscribed person.
Phr. ixama litolive ngaba-Twa, the hartebeest
has been shot by the Bushmen, i.e. he has
fallen into merciless hands.
i-Xamba, n. 2. A bag made of rushes, as a
sugar-bag; .|ig. a native location.
uku-Xambulisa, v. t. To cross-examine
most minutely and at some length.
um-XambuIuza, n. l. A lazy, indolent
person.
um-Xambuluza, ;/. 6. Any kind of drink
excessively diluted with water.
ukuti-Xamfu and uku-X^mfula, v. t. To
catch, seize, apprehend; to close the hand
tightly or to hold anything tightly;
= ukut'i-Kainfu.
u-Xamfu, «. I. A police constable.
466
uku-XamiA, v. i. pass, xanyvlwa. To use up
or use with prodigality; to feast, enjoy
eating; to eat to satiety; to enjoy (e.g.
privileges, the traits of one's labours) ; to
waste without cause ; to harass : walixamla
ihashe, he overworked the horse ; ivafumana
wazixamla or wafan ezixamla, he made
vain efforts, he laboured in vain, or troub-
led himself for nothing.
um-Xamli, n. I. One given to excess in
feasting, etc : wena tnxatnli weziyolo, thou
that art given to pleasures.
u-Xamlo, n. 5. Grievousness, a burden of
anxiety.
uku-Xamleka, v. To be wasted away; to
be troubled, full of sorrow; to be in
distress or difficulty.
in-Xamleko, n. 3. Travail, labour ; a
difficulty.
uku-Xamlela, v. To labour for.
— Xamleza, v. To weary: zonke izinto zi-
yazixanileza, all things are full of
weariness.
um-Xamo, n. 6. Em. The Boerbean,
Schotia latifolia Jacq., = um-Gxam.
i-Xamxam, n. 2. = i-Xamxiva.
i-Xamxwa, «. 2. A plant, tree, animal or
person that has grown up rapidly; anything
of extraordinary growth, especially a foal
of an ass or horse.
Xana, adv. see Xa.
im-Xanana, «. 3. One who jumps from one
subject to another, or from one piece of
work to another.
uku-Xananaza, v. i. To spread: intatiga
zixananazile pakat'i kombona, the pumpkins
have spread among the maize ; of many
people in a crowd, to start away in all
directions; mnsebenzi warn uxananazile,
my work is so great and multifarious
that I cannot overtake it.
u-Xanasi, n. 5. Em. Jealousy.
uku-Xanda, v. i. To stool out; to send out
suckers; of branches of trees, to spread; to
be fruitful: intsimi ixandile, the garden is
fruitful ; uxandile, he is very stout, though
short.
isi-Xando, n. 4. Stooling out, spreading,
extending, fruitfulness.
u-Xande, n. 5. pi. ingxande. An oblong
building, a square house^as distinguished
from a round hut.
i-Xandeka, h. 2. The rough slope on either
side of a hill; pi. hillsides.
ukuti-XangoIoti, v. i. To fall, subside
(fiood, water).
467
XA
u-Xangxati, n. 5. That which is long,
stretched out like an iguana ; a stiff back.
uku-Xantapela, v. i. To be zealous, speedy,
hasty.
i-Xant», n. 2. A forked bough or branch of
a tree ; a post with forks at the entrance
of the cattlefold, into which the imivalo
are fastened; a tree whose branches are
cut short, so that it can be used as a
ladder; unyana wexanti, a legitimate son;
fig. a man of rank, great authority or
power.
isi-Xanti, «. 4. The vertebral column or
spine ; the upper part between the shoulder
blades; the meat reserved for the women;
fig, strength.
u-Xanxalala, w. 5. An animal of great
strength, as compared with others of its
kind : lenkabi iluxanxalala, this is an extra-
ordinary ox for strength and endurance.
uku-Xapa, v. t. To lap with the tongue, as
a dog in drinking: uxapa amagwebu, he
foams, froths; to eat in a slovenly manner:
uxapile, you are soiled vi'ith iood; amanzi
axaplle, the water boils.
— Xapaxapa and ukuti-Xapaxapii, v.
To bubble up, boil (as water), referring
to the commotion and crackling of the
boiling water; fig. to be excited, get
angry, passionate; to move in haste; to
be in commotion (an army).
i-Xapaxapa, n. 2. used as adj. To be in
commotion like boiling water; to be
excited, mad; ngamaxapaxapa, in haste.
uku-Xapela, v. To lap at : endaweni ezixa-
pele kuyo izinja igazi lika-Naboti, in the
place where the dogs lapped the blood
of Naboth.
— Xapisa, v. To make or cause to lap;
to feed dogs, etc.
— Xapazela, v. i. To splash as water
when boiling over, or as cattle in cross-
ing a river ; fig. waxapazela ukupuma, he
went out helter-skelter.
— Xapazelisa, v. To cause to boil:
njengomlUo uxapazelisa amanzi, as fire
causeth the waters to boil.
i-Xapetshu, n. 2. Haste, hurry.
ukuti-Xaf a and uku-Xaraza, v. i. Of a gun,
to miss fire.
uku-Xasa, v. t. To put something under,
hence, to stay, support ; to prevent falling
by putting stones under a pot, pillars under
a roof: hidlu ixasiwe ngentsika, the house is
stayed up by pillars; to support, maintain,
sustain by food.
XA
um-Xasi, u. I. One who or that which
supports; a support: ubushushti bam baba
vguinxasi warn, my fury upheld me.
isi-Xaso, ti. 4. Stay, support, assistance,
food.
uku-Xasana, v. To support each other,
e.g. parents and children.
i-Xasoba, n. 2. A person who is haughty,
conceited on account of his bravery; one
who is invincible; one who walks and
treads with mighty steps; one who can be
trusted on account of his strength.
i-Xata, n. 2. The shoulder: inkabi zitsala
ngaxata linye, the oxen pull together; fig.
iigaxata linye, with one consent.
uku-Xatalaza, v. i. To bear up under a
burden, or in working; of a new-born calf,
to try to stand; to put a stout heart to a
heavy task; to lift up a heavy weight; of
oxen, to strain in vain against the yoke in a
heavy place; to defy danger; to stand out
and resist another in wrestling; fig. to
utter contradictory matters.
uku-Xatapala, v. i. To stand with apparent
audacity or defiance before a company.
uku-Xatisa, v. i. To stand with the ankle
firm in fighting; to place the body in a
position leaning backward, so as to resist
the efforts of another to draw one away;
to stand out and resist another in wrestling;
to hold up, support, stand fast.
ukuXatiila, v. t. To make marks or prints
in any soft thing, as footmarks in sand or
soft clay, or whipmarks on the skin. Phr.
uiKja uyayikbta, kantt uyayixatula, he seems
to be licking it, but he is tearing it;
applied to a false friend.
isi-Xatula, «. 4. A shoe.
uku-Xatuka, v. To become loose;
plaster or lime on the walls, to crack.
— Xatulisa, v. To gallop a horse; fig.
to brawl, scold.
um-Xauka, n. 6. A stony mountain, diffi-
cult to climb; a stony cleft for hiding
away; a passage between mountains.
isi-Xaxa, n. 4. A kind of big toad.
uku-Xaxa, v. t. To repair, mend (shoes, a
house) ; fig. to renew, make good.
uku-Xaxa, v. t. To chop meat with a
chopper so as to joint it.
isi-Xaxa, n. 4. (a) The butt end of a gun,
the handle or helve of an axe; a lock, (b)
The tarry deposit that gathers in a pipe
stem; it is extracted and put into the
mouth, being kept between the gum
and the cheek, by some natives; this
XA
of
468
loathsome practice sometimes leads a
person practising it to cry out bitterly
on his death-bed sisixaxa, implying
that by this custom he is being kept out
of heaven.
um-Xaxa, n. 6. A mixture of maize and
pumpkin; a mixture; fig. the mixing up of
fighting parties.
isi-Xaxabesha, n. 4. (a) The buff-streaked
chat, Thamnolzea bifasciata (Temm,). (b) A
flat and wide thing (door, table).
uku-Xaxamfula, v. t. To seize a person
unawares, cf. uku-Xakamfula; fig. to inter-
fere, meddle with another's concerns.
i-XaxashoIo, = i-Xoxosholo.
i-Xaxavitl, n. 2. Any old, broken thing
(wagon); fig. a slovenly person habitually
careless of neatness and order; see i-Xaka-
viti.
uku-Xaxaza, r. j. To be afflicted with
diarrhoea ; to purge.
— Xaxazisa, v. To cause purging by an
aperient medicine, etc.
u-Xaxazo, n. 5. An ornament for the ankles.
ukuti-Xaxe, i\ i. To end (at a certain point
or date).
uku-Xaya, v. t. To tie or hang strings of
beads over the shoulder and chest ; to draw,
attract, i.e. to bring or cause trouble by
any imprudent conduct; to stir up, insti-
gate ; to incite the enemy by means of a
spy.^
i-Xayi, n. 2. A short jutting branch (on a
hut pillar) that has been left for use as a
peg to hang things on; a rack made of
wood for suspending a gun, etc., on;
dimin. ixayana, the cock of a gun.
uku-Xayela, v. To involve another in
trouble ; to run into : ukuzixayela, to in-
volve, encumber oneself; to bring trouble
on oneself.
i-Xayelo, n. 2. The place where some-
thing has been found, or something re-
markable has happened, e.g. where a
sheep has been slaughtered by a thief, or
a man has been murdered.
ukuti-Xazalala, v. i. To spread out : w^yi/i-
xazalala ingiibo yake, he spread out his gar-
ment.
i-Xazi, n. 2. An old, worn out thing; an
old basket ; pi. amaxazi, rags.
i-Xego, n. 2. An old man well advanced in
years; also applied by children to the
young intsikizi before it has developed its
red wattles, under the mistaken idea that
its hoary face indicates age. Phr. kuleV
amaxego, frost lies on the ground. Fem.
ixegokazi, often contracted colloquially into
ixeukazi.
ubu-Xego, n. 7. The state of infirm, old age.
i-Xegwazana, n. 2. A little old woman.
The children imitate the sound made by
the engine of a train in the following
words: xegwazana, pek' ipapa, nditat' apa,
ndibek' apa, ngquv' enkivenkn-'e.
ubu-Xeketwa, n. 7. The state of being old,
in pieces, in rags; or in disorder as a
garment; or useless from wear and tear
as a wagon; carelessness, vileness, dirtiness.
isi-Xeko, n. 4. Many villages near each
other ; a town, city, district.
i-Xekexwa, ?/. 2. That which is old or
rickety.
uku-XELA, V. t. To say, inform; to tell,
communicate; to order, command: ukuzi-
xela, to make oneself known; to be like:
impahla yaki yaxela ikepii eli, his chatties
were like the snow (in melting away).
ing-Xelo, n. 3. Statement, declaration,
assertion, deposition, account: kauwenze
ingxelo yobugosa hakb, render an account of
thy stewardship.
isi-Xelo, n. 4. Order, command.
uku-Xelela, v. To say, tell to : wandixele-
la, he told me.
— Xelelana, v. To tell one another:
xelelanani iziposo, confess your faults to
one another.
— Xelisa, v. To do as another does; to
imitate: xelisa mna, do as I do; yibani
ngabaxelisa u-Tlxo, be ye imitators of God.
uku-Xela, v. t. To slaughter, kill. An incision
is made with an assegai in the abdomen
behind the joint bone of the breast below
the ribs, while the animal is still standinj
in the cattle fold ; the person who slaughters
thrusts his hand and arm through the
incision into the body of the beast, seizes
the large artery (aorta), which runs from
the left ventricle of the heart along the
spine, and violently ruptures it, thus causing
instant death. Slaughtering by the method
adopted in civilized life is considered as
indicating a want of the strength and
firmness of mind, which constitutes courage
and bravery ; therefore whe|i the slaughterer
does not succeed in rupturing the artery,
even if the animal starts off at full speed,
he is saluted by derisive cheers and retires
crestfallen and deeply mortified by the
result.
XE
In the animal slaughtered at a sacrifice,
marriage or intottjane, a spear is thrust into
the right fore-leg till the animal bellows,
then a prayer is offered to the hnitiyanya.
At a marriage, the first meat taken is that
under the shoulder, called intsonyatna; it is
roasted in smoke in the bride's house and
eaten there, the bride taking the first piece.
Next comes the inxaxeba, the right hind-leg,
for which a rush is made, and for which
there is contention which may end in a
fight and bloodshed. All this is ominous
regarding the future of the marriage,
indicating whether good or evil will befall
the parties. Among the heathen, no marri-
age is complete without these accompani-
ments.
um-Xelo, «. 6. The large artery (aorta)
which is ruptured in slaughtering; fig.
the seat of life, heart, mind, conscience:
uknshiyeka or ukuqaiika uinxelo, to expire,
die ; ngotnxelo want nditeta inyaniso, by my
life, I speak the truth ; ngamxelo mnye,
with one heart or mind; babezingisa nga-
mxelo mnye ehitandazeni, with one accord
they continued steadfastly in prayer.
uku-Xelela, v. To slaughter for: ndaxelelwa
into etyebileyo, a fat animal was slaughtered
for me.
i-Xelegu, n. 2. An untidy, slovenly person;
a vagrant, vagabond; an old wagon.
ubu-Xelegu, «. 7. Vulgarity, vagrancy;
filthy, dirty habits.
uku-Xelenga, v. t. To work.
um-XelengI, n. I. A worker.
uku-Xelengela, v. To work for: migekabi
nakiizixeleiigela, being not yet able to
work for himself.
uku-Xenga and Xengaxenga, v. i. To be
loose as a pole that is not firm in the ground,
or as a tooth ; to rock about as a rickety
chair or a tottering wagon: inqwelo lya-
xengaxenga, the wagon totters, shakes about
from being worn out; to wave, as the top
of a tree; fig. to be in indifferent health.
um-Xenge, n. 6. That which is old, worn
out, lifeless.
uku-Xengaxengisa, v. To loosen any
fixture, as a pole in the ground, by push-
ing it from side to side.
isi-Xengeshe, «. 4. A kind of bird found in
forests and said to be related to the hornbill.
isi-Xengxe, «. 4. A small axe; fig. the War
of the axe.
Xenikweni, conj. When; see ili-Xa.
469
XE
uku-Xentsa, r. i. To dance (done by one
person only in a house, or by the doctor in
public) by throwing the body into contor-
tions, while keeping time to the singing and
clapping of hands of the by-standers.
in-Xentsi, «. 3. A good dancer.
um-Xentso, «. 6. The doctor's dance.
isi-Xenxe, n. 4. Seven as an abstract number:
ishumi elittesixenxe, seventeen ; inyane;a ezisi-
xenxe, seven months; abautu basixenxe, the
people are seven. The seventh : umhla
xvesixenxe, the seventh day.
Kasixenxe, seven times: yenza kasixenxe,
do it seven times; ngasixenxe, by sevens:
bapiima ngasixenxe, they went out by sevens.
i-Xesha, w. 2. A certain time or period:
andinnxesha lokuza kuive, I have not time to
come to you ; ngaxesha nye, at once ; kwakuba
lixesha, after a time. Dimin. ixeshana, a
moment of time.
Xeshenikweni, Whensoever.
Xeshlkweni, maxeshikweni and ma-
xeshenikweni, The time when: xeshl-
kweni walamhayo, when he was hungry.
uku-Xesha, v. t. (a) To drive, chase or pursue
cattle, or hunt game on horse-back.
(b) To ration.
um-Xeshi, «. l. One who chases or drives
cattle.
um-Xesho, «. 6. Ration, provision, portion
of food.
i-Xetuka, n. 2. A sloping hill-side ; used also
as adj. Steep, sloping: lendaivo iltxetiika, this
place is stesp.
uku-Xetula, To turn over, e\.c.; = nku-Qetula
and Petula.
um Xetulo, ;/. 6. A slope.
i-Xeukazi, n. 2. = i-Xegokazi.
isi-Xexebesha, n. 4. = isi-Xaxabesha.
uku-Xeza, v. i. To milk into the mouth,
hence, to serve for a long time to gain
food, money, cattle, etc.
uku-Xeza, v. t. To strike off (mussels, oysters
or other shellfish) from a rock.
i-Xiba, w. 2. The great house of a deceased
chief: unyana wnsex'ibeni, any son adopted
by the wife of a deceased chief; a grand-
father's (chief's) place, given by a father to
an inferior son : awase-Xibeni, the represen-
tative of the grandfather or of the ancients.
isi-Xiba, n. 4. A rankling subject, a sore
point.
uku-Xibeka, v. i. To be sore at heart.
ukuti-Xibilili and uku-Xlbilika, v. i. To
fall asunder (hut); to fall from or off
(garment); to slip off; fig. to dissent, differ
from.
470
XI
um-Xibiliki, v. i. One who has fallen off
(from the Church of England) ; a dissenter.
u-Xibiliko, n. 5. Loosening; falling off or
asunder, or to pieces; fig. difference,
dissension.
uku-XibUikisa, v. To loosen (girdle).
isi-Xibindwane, «. 4. The action of a running
or hasty person.
i-Xibiya, n. 2. Buttermilk.
uku-Xifllili, V. i. To be untidy: lendlu iti-
x'lfiUli, this house is untidy.
i-XIgxa, n. 2. An untidy, slovenly person.
uku-Xika, ?•. /. To perform an act often,
repeatedly, continually, close upon another:
waxika ukuzala, she bore child upon child,
i.e. often; to do by fits and starts ; hiqoqozo
oluxikileyo ingxabano yomfazi. the conten-
tions of a wife are a continual dropping.
uku-Xikilizela, v. i. To run hard, so that
the muscles (breasts) move.
uku-Xikixa, v. t. To shake, beat, strike.
uku-Xikizana, v. To trouble one another.
uku-Xillnxa, v. t. To annoy, vex, by prodding.
uku-Xilonga, v. i. To blow a bugle or trum-
pet, to play on a wind instrument ; to use a
stethoscope to ascertain the condition of
heart and lungs; to use a microscope, etc.
um-Xilongi, «. l. A trumpeter, bugler;
one who examines with a stethoscope.
i-Xflongo, «. 2. A hollow reed or the
hollow pedicle of a pum')kin leaf; any
wind-instrument, a trumpet: uvutel'ixi-
longo, he blew the trumpet; fig. a stetho-
scope.
i-XImeya and i-Xim^ya, «. 2. The mouth-
piece of a tobacco pipe,
ukuti Ximfi, uku-Ximfa and uku-Ximfiza,
V. t. To strike with the fist; to bruise,
crush, smash.
uku Ximfana, v. To strike one another.
i-Xina, n. 2. Brass.
uku-XINA, r. /. To press against an object
or person ; to impede progress : abantu
bakuxinile, the people have thronged thee.
um-XinI, «. I. An oppressor.
im-Xinwa, n. 3. That which is narrow:
isaiigo elimxinwa, a narrow gate.
uku-Xinana, v. To crowd, to press each
other; to close up; to gather in a narrow
passage or doorway: indawo exiueveyo,
a narrow place ; fig. to be bound in duty ;
to be obliged.
ing-Xinano, n. 3. Distress.
uku-Xinanisa, v. To cause to crowd.
u-Xinaniso, «. 5. Anguish.
XI
V. To be in a strait ; to be
To press against and force
uku-Xineka,
distressed.
uku-Xinela, <
towards.
— Xinezeka, v. To be in trouble of mind;
to be distressed, perplexed in spirit.
u-Xinezeko, n. 5. Anguish of mind; per-
plexity of spirit. .
uku-Xinezela, v. To narrow in; to press
together; fig. to oppress; to perplex,
trouble the mind.
um-Xinezeli, n. i. An oppressor.
uku-Xinezeleka, v. To be distressed and
perplexed ; to be apprehensive of coming
evil.
— Xinezelela, v. To perplex the mind on
account of.
— Xinisa, v. To cause to press against. j
uku-Xina, v. i. To dance by jumping or
moving up and down with the body erect,
the feet falling always in the same place ;
see um-Dudo ; fig. to report often.
um-Xino, n. 6. A dance.
isi-Xinga, n. 4. A short, thick-built dog,
d bulldog.
isi-Xingaxinga, n. 4. A strongly built man.
uku-Xinga, v. i. To stick fast: inqwelo
ixingile eludakeni, the wagon has stuck fast
in the mud. Phr. inkaV ixitig' etyeni, lit.
the crab sticks fast between the stones;
said of one who involves himself in
difficulties of his own creation, or one who
raises an argument and is beaten in it; on
the horns of a dilemma.
ing-XIngwa, m. 3. isi-Xingwa, n. 4. and
u Xingwa, n. 5. A pass, gorge, strait,
ravine ; fig. ingxingwa yomcamo, strangury.
ing-Xingongo, h. 3. Difficulty, impedi-
ment, embarrassment; a knot, intricacy.
isi-Xingaxi, n. 4. One in a fix: usuingaxi,
he is in a fix.
isi-Xingo, n. 4. A strait,
uku-Xingana, t;. To press upon each
other; to be entangled with each other.
— Xingisa, v. To cause to stick fast or
to hold fast; to obstruct, restrain, retard.
uku-Xininiza, v. To gnash the teeih; = uku-
Tshixiza ; fig. to work hard all day.
i-Xinofoxo, «. 2. A swelling on the feet.
uku-Xinzelela, v. t. followed by pantsi. To
press down (person, plough) to the ground ;
fig. to oppress. Cf. tikn-Xinezela.
u-Xinzelelo, h. 5. Oppression, affliction.
ukuti-Xipu and uku-Xipula, v. i. To bite or
fasten the teeth on anything : inyoka yotl-
A7i-
XI
xipu esandleni sake, a snake fastened on his
hand.
i-Xishini, n. 2. A great running where
every one is on another's heels; fig. great
labour.
um-Xo, n. 6. The oil in the substance of a
bone, as distinguished from um-Ongo, the
more solid marrow ; fig.^the best of food.
um-Xoba, w. 6. Sugar-cane.
uku-X'OBA, V. i. To make ready for a jour-
ney; to prepare for a fight or for war:
xobn izikali, take to arms.
i-Xdba, «. 2. (a) That which is taken from
the enemy in time of war (cattle); spoil,
booty, trophy, (b) Something old.
i-Xdbakazi, w. 2. (a) Great spoil, large
booty, (b) A very old woman.
izi-X6bo, M. 4. pi. Weapons for war.
uk'u-X6bela, v. To fill up the gaps in a
garden fence or cattle kraal ; to make
ready for a journey or for war ; to gather
the weapons and tie them in one bundle ;
to remove to ; to attach oneself to ; to
join (the enemy).
— Xdbisa, v. To prepare another, i.e. to
provide him (for a journey) ; to equip for
battle.
um-Xdbisi, //. I. One who provides wea-
pons for another.
uku-Xdbisela, v. To prepare, provide
one for a journey; to arm one for war:
ubaxobiseV indkla, you have set them for-
ward on their journey.
isi-X6bo, H. 4. A stony, rocky region or
ledge; loc. esixotyeni.
i-X6bongo, «. 2. A temporary hut, better
than ipempe. Dimin. ixdbotigwmia, a hovel,
shantv.
i-Xoboti, 71. 2. A species of Cryptocarya;
others: i-Tobott.
uku-Xobula and Xobulula, v. t. To remove
the peel or bark in strips from a stick.
— Xobuka, V. i. Of bark, to be peeling
off; of a stone, to crumble or fall to
pieces.
ukuti-XobuluIu, v. i. To do quickly: xobu-
liilii wesuka, he moved quickly aside.
ukuXOKA, V. i. To tell lies; to make a
false statement ; to speak loosely : uyaxoka,
mfondiiii, you jest, man ; you really do not
mean what you say; ndiyaxokwa, lies are
told about me.
When an opponent misses in throwing at
or hitting a thing, the cry is raised ' xoka'
or ' uyaxoka', i.e. you have made a mistake
in thinking you would hit.
xo
i-Xoki, ti. 2, One who speaks falsehood, a
liar.
ubu-Xoki, w. 7. Falsehood, lies, whether
uttered in jest or with the intention to
deceive.
uku-Xokana, v. To speak lies among
each other or about each other.
— Xokanlsa. v. To create discord among
people by bearing tales to their place.
— Xokisa, V. To speak lies about one :
nndixokisile, you have deceived me.
— Xokisana, v. To lie to one another.
i-Xokama, n. 2. The joint where the blade
of an assegai is joined to the shaft.
uku-Xokelela, v. t. To unite by tying,
one string or rope to another; to couple
stories together; to continue conversation.
— Xokelelana, ti. To hang together; to
be connected.
lun-Xokelelwane, ti. 6. A chain.
i-Xokexwa, Em. That which is old, etc.;
= i-Xekcxiva.
ubu-X6koIoshe and Xokoloshane, ;/. 7. A
large red ant which bites severely ; = ;/^«-
Tsiimtsuin and tdm-Xwangti.
uku-X6konxa and X6kosha, v. t. To rouse
(a snake), by probing with a stick; fig. to
stir up, provoke to anger; to foment strife
and rebellion ; to precipitate impending
evil : intiyo ixokonxa ingxabano, hatred stirs
up strife.
i-Xdkonxa, ft. 2. An instigation of strife
or rebellion.
uku-Xdkonxela,
ukuti-Xokoxoko, ■
uku-Xokozela, t
To stir up against.
To make a noise.
To make a great and
confused noise, as water rattling over
stones: amaiizi ayaxokozela emlanjeni, the
water roars in the river; to speak loudly
and confusedly : abantti numhla baxokozela
ngiuiinaf why are the people so noisy, i.e.
out of order, to-day?
um-Xokozeli, 71. i. A brawler.
ing-Xokozelo, n. 3. .A. loud, confused
noise : nifigcnzi ngxokozelo iiigaka, do not
make such a great noise.
uku Xokozelela, 11. To make a noise over
anything: aiuiitandi nkuxol<ozelekva zizililo
zthaiitu, I do not like to be bothered by
the people weeping.
uku-XOLA, IK /. To be satisfied, appeased,
reconciled; to have peace: ndixolile, I am
satisfied; ilizwe Uxolile, the country is at
peace; kuxoliwe ilizive, the land has been
reconciled, i.e. peace has been made (after
war).
472
XO
u-Xolo, ;/. 5. Peace, pardon: ndiceV uxolo,
I ask peace ; uxolo! is often used like taru!
as a polite warning by a speaker who
wishes to take part in a discussion.
uku-Xoleka, v. To be in a satisfied state:
ndixolekile, I am quite satisfied.
— Xolela, V. To be satisfied with; ttdixolele,
be satisfied with me, i.e. forgive me, par-
don me, my offence or sin; baxolel'oe
izo no zabo, their sins are forgiven them;
ukuxolele-na ukufa nohitshabalala kwako?
are you in peace about your death and
destruction.? ungaivuxoleln-na umsebenzi
onjalo? would you be satisfied to do such
labour? ndixolele ngomlilo, graciously
give me a match.
u-XoIelo, w. 5. Forgiveness.
uku-Xolelana, v. To forgive one another.
— Xolelanisa, v. To reconcile: tnanixole-
laniswe nam, be ye reconciled to me;
iihuze sixolelaniswe naye, that we may be
reconciled to him.
u-Xolelaniso, «. 5. Reconciliation.
uku-Xolisa, v. To make satisfied, appeased,
reconciled; to pacify, calm.
um-XoIisi,H. I. A peacemaker: umxolisiwe-
lizwe, a justice of the peace.
uku-Xolisana, v. To make peace with ano-
ther; to bring two opposing parties to a
reconciliation.
— Xoliseka.v. To be appeased, reconciled.
uku-XoIa, V. t. To make whole; to mend
what has been broken; to repair an old
garment, to patch it up.
— Xoleka, v. To be fit to be repaired.
uknti-X'OLE, v. t. To peck: inkuku yamti-xdle,
the hen pecked him.
ukuti-Xdlexdle, v. t. Of a hen or other
bird, to peck at food, to pick up food.
uku-X6la, V. t. To chisel out or off"; to
carve roughly; to sharpen, i.e. to pick a
millstone; to pick out (the eyes).
in-Xola, n. 3. and isi-XdIo, n. 4. A chisel.
um-XdIo, n. 6. The end of an induku
notched in a fine lozenge pattern to give a
better grip to the hand when it is used
for striking. Phr. usemxdlweni, you are
in the right, you have come to the real
thing, to the point; misa vgomxblo, speak
the truth; ngomxblo, adv. Properly,
rightly, fittingly, suitably, appropriately.
uku-X6leia, v. To chisel out for.
i-Xolo, n. 2. The outer bark of a tree; a
fish-scale; the rough outside of a thing;
euphem. a concubine; see i-Ntlaka and ukn-
Guga.
xo
isi-X6lokuma, «. 4. A grudge, etc.,' = /-
Nqala.
Isi-Xdlosi, n. 4* A careless, slovenly person.
uku-X6ma, v. t. To lift up, i.e. to hang up^
as on a rope or hook: batnxoma emt'ini, they
hanged him on a tree; to put up a derelict
garden for sale, as is d me by the govern-
ment. Phr. ukuxdma amakwapa, to lift up
the arms for fighting: ukuxdma awehlo, to
look anxiously, fiercely in contending
and quarrelling ; to look to a distance.
um-X6mi, «. i. (a) A public executioner,
(b) The fiscal shrike, Lanius collaris L.,
90 called from its habit of pinning
insects, etc., on the mimosa thorns.
uku-X6meka and X6nlekeka, v. To be in
a hanging position ; to hang on.
— X6niekelela, v. To be chained, joined,
connected; to concoct evil.
— X6tnekelelana, v. To be joined with.
— X6niisa, v. To help to hang up.
isi-Xom!eIo, «. 4. Em. That which requires
kneading to bring it to perfection, (dough
for bread, clay for bricks.)
uku-Xomoloza, v. i. To try, make efforts,
persevere ; to walk slowly, like a convales-
cent person.
— Xomolozela, v. To make a desperate
but weak effort to or for; to do some-
thing under circumstances of extremity;
umntwana uyaxomolozela kunina, the child
is striving hard to walk towards its
mother; inkomo yaxomolozela eludakeni, the
cow made a desperate effort to get out
of the swamp.
— Xomomoza ; = uku-Xomoloza.
u-Xomoyi, «. I. The giant kingfisher,
Ceryle maxima (Pall.).
i-Xongo, n.2. War news: ilizwe limaxongo,
the country is full of war news.
u-X6ngo, 11. I. The shinbone; fig. long
boots. Phr. ucela kuxongo, he is running
hard; he trusts to his legs.
uku-Xononoza, v. i. To hold out, continue
to the end ; to persevere in a task or under-
taking with patient endurance.
um-Xononozo, n. 6. That which is thin
and long, an almost endless thing, as a
thread or shoot of water ; fig. a speech
which seems never to end ; one who holds
out against difficulties in the accomplish-
ment of an enterprise.
uku-X6ntela, v. t. To hold fast; to cling to
or gather round or stand in a crowd about
a person or thing.
K3
XO
— X6ntelana, v. To gather together; to
assemble: baxontelene kuye, they have
come together to or with him.
i-X6ntl, n. 2. A long-haired, male animal
(goat, dog). Fern, ixontikazi.
adj. Long-haired, hairy.
uku-Xonxa, v. t. To form in clay; fig. uku-
xonxa indlebe, to prick up the ears.
um-Xonxi, n. I. A potter.
uku-Xonxisa, v. To make another under-
stand a subject ; to inform, make clear.
ukuti-X6nxoshoIo, v. i. To come or flock
together in great numbers ; to get together
in a crowd.
i-Xonye, n. 2. A kind of long grass for
making ropes with.
i-Xonyo, «. 2. The poker lily, Kniphofia.
um-X6pd, n. 6. A kind of grass (incaluka)
spread on the hut-floor at an intonjane.
ukuti-Xdp6, V. i. To fall into (water) ; fig.
to get into perspiration, anxiety: wasebenza
xopo, he sweated at his work.
uku-X6fa, V. i. To look into a matter
closely, accurately; to observe with joy.
ukuti-X6fo, V. t. To pick out (the eyes).
um-X6sa, «. I. plur. ama-Xosa, One of the
Kafir tribe. Phr. ungum-Xosa! you're a
Kafir! said by any Kafir to an umkweta
who may be walking with the clay partially
rubbed off his face, and accompanied by a
blow on the face of the umkweta.
isi-Xdsa, «. 4. The Kafir language.
ubu-X6sa, H. 7. Kafirdom, the Kafir
people.
i-X6sha, n. 2. A dressed hide, especially the
covering made from it and worn over the
breasts by females.
i-Xoshomba, n. 2. Blight in maize.
uku-Xotsha, v. t. Em. for uku-Gxota:
waxotshwaxotshwa, he was uneasy in heart
and mind.
ukutl-Xovu, V. i. To step into mud : ndite-
xovu eludaketii, I stepped into the mud.
isi-Xovuxovu, n. 4. A mixed- up aff"air.
uku Xovula, V. t. To knead bread, to
tread with the feet, as clay for bricks ;
fig. waxovula ukuteta, he spoke a great
deal in a rambling manner, without re-
straint.
um-Xovuli, n. 1. One who kneads or
treads with the feet : umxovuli wengubo, a
fuller of cloth.
uku-Xovulela, v. To tread with the feet.
isi-XovuIelo, n. 4. A press: isixovulelo
sewayine, a wine -press.
in-Xd wa, A bag, = i-Nxowa.
473
xo
uku Xoxa, V. t. To discuss a subject; to
converse on any subject in a friendly
manner; to join in a general talk: masi-
xoxe ngaye, let us talk about him ; of dogs
round an animal at bay, to bark.
i-Xoxo, n. 2. A species of frog (Rana
adspersa Bibr.), with reference to its deep
croak.
ing-Xoxo, n. 3. and isi-Xoxo, n. 4, A
general conversation, conference, consul-
tation, discussion; the communing of
many persons speaking at the same time.
uku-X6xa, V. t. To stab fallen or dead game
with an assegai; to encourage race-oxen
by going behind them, which is not allowed;
to mash potatoes or pumpkins; to stir up a
fire ; fig. to stir up, arouse strife : baxoxwa
ngu-Anta iikuba bahve, they are stirred up
by Anta to fight; to incite, abet, impel,
drive on, urge forward.
— X6xela, V. To stab repeatedly; to
multiply wounds on an already fallen foe;
to stir up against ; fig. to put repeatedly
into a certain place: ilizivi malixoxelwe
emhlaheni, let the word be spread on
the earth; said of many who attack one
in speaking.
i-Xoxosholo, «. 2. A forlorn or distressed
object ; a person who has been exposed to
tempestuous weather on a journey, and
reaches home wet and weary; fig. a person
reduced in circumstances, who has lost
heart and is very dejected and cast down.
um-Xoxozi, n. 6. The Kafir water-melon,
Citrullus vulgaris Sch.
uku-Xoza, V. t. To strip bark off a tree ; to
cut round about, shape and square a tree;
to remove the outside of a pumpkin with a
knife or small axe.
V. i. To bud, put forth shoots (maize).
ing-Xozi, «. 3. The fine inner bark of the
rind.
uku-Xozeka, v. To be stripped, become
desolate: ilizwe elixozekileyo, a country
which has become desolate by being
cleared of trees.
uku-XozuIa, V. t. To bark a tree by
chopping the bark off.
ukuti-X'U, V. i. To bound, leap, jump.
uku-Xuma, v. To bound, leap up, jump
up and down in the same place, as
Kafirs in dancing. «. 8. Jumping.
um-Xumo, n. 6. A jumping up and down.
uku-Xumaxuma, v. To rattle, clatter,
clank,
474
XU
— Xumela, v. To spring up for, towards,
forth, etc.
— Xumisa, v. To speak highly of one; to
esteem, praise, exalt: uyazixumisa, he
praises, exalts himself, acts presump-
tuously.
uku-Xuba, v. t. To mix up together things
of different kinds: kuxutywe ukudla, the
food is a mixture ; fig. waxutywa nalen'.o, he
was mixed up in that affair ; abatitu baxubile
hilomzi, on that place are different sorts of
people; iqiya zixubile, the handkerchiefs
are of different sorts ; uxubile, he has mixed
blood in his veins, i.e. he is a bastard; or,
he has grey hairs scattered among the
black.
ing-Xuba ka-Xaka, n. 3. Mixture, con-
fusion, strife where people do not under-
stand each other in disputing and com-
bating.
ing-Xube, w. 3. A medley, a promiscuous
crowd.
um-Xube, «. 6. A mixture of different
things, as maize mixed with Kafircorn;
fig. mingled people.
uku-Xubana, v. To become mixed up
together : lomhlambi uxnbene nalowa, this
herd became mixed up with that there.
— Xubanisa, v. To assist in mixing to-
gether different ingredients.
— Xubeka, v. To be successfully mixed
with: isinyiit asingexubeki nodotigwe, iron
doesn't mingle with clay.
uku-Xubahala, Xubayala and Xubayela,
V. i. To become lean, small, little, few;
fig. to be in a complicated, confused state.
uku-Xubusa, v. i. To splash in the water.
uku-Xubusha, v. t. To discuss.
in-Xubuwa, n. 3. Rotten wood used for
tinder.
uku-Xugxa, V. i. (Em. uku-Gxugxa.) To be
in a bad state and condition, as cattle from
rain or cold: uboya buxugxile, the hair is in
disorder, rough, stands on end; to be
alarmed, as cattle by heavy thunder, and
seek shelter; fig. to be restless, in confusion,
disorder, consternation ; to run about from
fear or alarm; to retreat, flee away as a
defeated enemy.
ubu-Xugxa, ti. 7. used as adj. Babuxugxa,
the people were driven away, lost, be-
came extinct, silent.
uku-Xugxisa, v. To put a thing in its
wrong place; to bring things into dis-
order; fig. to frustrate, bring into dis-
repute ; to cause a panic, alarm or flight
xu
xu
to a place of refuge; to cause an enemy ukuti-Xungu (Em. uku-Xungai, v. i. To
to retreat; to render useless an under-
taking or enterprise; to silence a liar.
— Xugxuzela ; = iikii-Xugxa.
i-Xukazana, n. 2. A sick, consumptive
animal; a disorderly, untidy, slovenly
person; an igqirakazi who heals with
dung.
uku-Xukuxa, v. t. To rinse out (the mouth
or a dish) with water; to gargle.
— Xukuxeka, v. Of a beast, to have been
overworked.
um-Xukuxela, n. 6. A mixed multitude.
ing-Xuluba, «. 3. (a) The passage between
two armies, (b) Afterpains of labour.
uku-XuIuba, v. t. pass, xiilutywa. To throw
stones into a river to kill the i-Canti; to
throw, usually stones, at birds sitting high
in a tree.
i-Xuluba, n. 2. and ing-Xulubo, n. 3. A
casting, throwing.
uku-Xulubela, v. To throw stones at, for,
or on account of: asikuxulubeli msebenzi
nthle, we do not stone thee for a good
work.
u-Xululembiia, «. l. A name given to the
plant uluzi growing in clefts on rock-faces.
uku-Xuma, v. t. To revive, as in making up
a fire; to resuscitate, assist, help, succour;
to cause to recover.
um-Xutnl, «. I. One who succours; an
assistant.
uku-Xumana, v. To walk in line one
after another; to assist or help each
other.
uku-Xuma, See under ukutl-Xu.
ukuti-Xumbu, v. t. To throw a small thing
into a mass; to rush headlong into water:
xa ziti-xumhu elunxwemeni Iwanianzi inyawo
zalo, when their feet touched the brink of
the water; cf. ukuti-Tyumbii.
i-XumbuIulu, n. 2. A disorderly, sloven-
ly, lewd fellow ; a slut, debauchee ; fern.
ixumbuliilukazi.
ubu-XumbuluIu, n. 7. State of disorder,
lewdness.
um-Xume, n. 6. Em. An ox with one horn,
the other being broken off.
uku-Xuna, v. i. To go or look straight for-
ward; to aim at (with a gun)^
— Xunela, v. To fix the mind on a
certain object ; to have in view ; to desire.
u-Xunelo, n. 5. Aim, intention, purpose,
design.
u-Xunga, n. 5. Something tall and thin; a
lean person or animal.
remember (espec. friends or relations),
uku-Xuta, Era. To pluck a bird, etc. = ivj^m-
Xw'itai
uku-Xuxuzela, v. d Of the bowelSj to rum-
ble, rattle; to suffer from flatulency; to
belch up wind with the sound xu ! xu !
i-Xuxuzela, n. 2i Rumbling of the bow-
els; flatulency; ebullition.
ukuti-Xuzu, V. t. To jerk a person or thing
towards another ; to drag, tear one to and
fro by the hands or arms; fig. to hurt: wa-'
tiwa-xuzu umpefumlo wake, his soul was hurt,
wounded, lacerated.
uku-Xuzuka, v. i. To be jerked, torn off or
out.
— Xuzula, V. To jerk: waxuzula intambo, he
gave the rein a sudden jerk ; to tear off
with force : baye bcxuzula amasebe emitini,
and they tore branches from the trees;
to struggle, as in cramps: ivaxuzula nge-
milenze nattgengalo, he struggled with
hands and feet.
— Xuzuieka, v. To be torn off".
ukuti-Xwa, t'. /. To hang up; to throw (a
clod) into a hole.
u-Xwabiyo, «. 5. Tallness: uxwabiyo Iwe-
ndoda, a very tall man.
ukuti-Xwakana, v. i. To have no way of
getting out of difficulties ; cf. uku-Xaka.
uku-Xwala, v. i. To be disobedient, petu-
lant, perverse ; to resent correction ; to be
always disputing without admitting any-
thing.
isi-Xwali, w. 4. Loss, damage, etc.
uku-Xwaleka, v. i. To suff"er loss, dam-
age, detriment, destruction ; to meet with
an accident, misfortune ; to be bereaved or
deprived of stock or family.
in-Xwaleko, n. 3. Accident, hurt, loss,
damage, injury, misfortune, calamity,
destruction: makayibone inxwaleko yaki
amehlo ake, let his own eyes see his des-
truction.
uku-Xwalekisa, v. To cause loss or
damage.
i-Xwane, n. 2. A lamb or kid.
ubu-Xwangu, n. 7. A mass of large, red
ants.
uku-Xwaf a, v. i. To remain behind, not to
reach; to remain in hiding or in a place of
refuge.
i-Xwafa, «. 2. A treacherous fellow.
uku-Xwaf ana, v. To disagree ; to dissent,
differ; to be unfit or unsuitable.
i-Xwashuxwashu, n. 2. A tall, corpulent
person ; a speedily-finished work.
xw
uku-Xwaxwa, v. i. To enter one by one,
one here and one there; to intrude; to
force oneself into.
iiku Xwaya, = iiku-Xaya.
um-Xwayo, n. 6. The regalia worn by Good
Templars.
uku-Xweba, i'. /. To have a dry, cracked
skin; to have no oil on the skin, i.e. to be
untidy, poor, miserable.
V. t. To make dry (the mouth).
u-Xwebetu, «. 5. State of having no oil
on the skin; poverty, leanness; uxwebeiu
Iwenyoka, a lean snake.
u-Xwebu, n. 5. A long discussion.
uku-Xwebula, v. t. Em. To strip off bark
from a tree; — tiku-Xobula.
— Xwebuka, v. i. Em. To peel off, as the
surface of a mud-floor, skin of a wound ;
= uku-Xobuka.
uku-Xwela, z'. ». To grow poor and thin;
to lack vigour: ilizwe lixwelile, the country
is bare, poor in pasturage; inkotno zixwelile,
the cattle are in bad condition, are lean.
i-Xwele, n. 2. (a) The whole foot joint ; the
fetlock of animals, (b) A great native
doctor who is fond of telling secret things,
and is therefore dreaded. Em. = /-G(//ra
lemiciza or lolugxa, a doctor who uses herbs
simply, without going through any atten-
dant manoeuvres such as frenzied dancing.
isi-Xwemba, h. 4, A fiat stone slab.
ukuti-Xwenene, v. i. To be torn by cramps;
to be convulsed grievously: ndiie-xwenene,
cramp has taken hold of me.
uku-Xwesa, v. t. To place one thing ath-
wart another on a wall or on the side of a
steep ascent; to cross a road, etc., at a
XW
right angle, as a sidepath crosses another
which is in a direct line of ascent.
— Xweseka, v. To be crossable.
isi-Xwexwe, n. 4. Anything broad and flat
as a slab or a table ; a thing thin beneath
and broad above; cf. isi-Cwecwe.
um-Xwexwe, n. 6. That which is slender,
lank.
u-Xwezo, n. 5. Box-wattle, Notobuxus na-
talensis Oliv.
ukuti-XWI, V. t. To catch up, snatch up or
away; to pounce upon, as a hawk pounces
upon a chicken; to lay sudden hold of a
person or thing, so as to pull him or it back,
or to remove suddenly to another place:
uttwe-xwi kukufa, he has been snatched
away by deatk.
uku-Xwila, v. t. = ukuti-Xwi.
isi-Xwila and isi-XwiPamasele, «. 4.
Generic name for the kingfisher. In Tem-
buland isixwila is the Ethiopian snipe,
Gallinago nigripennis Bp.
isi-Xwilana, n. 4. A kingfisher (Tembu).
uku-Xwilela, v. To snatch up to.
i-Xwill, «. 2. The Cape hunting dog, Lycaon
pictus venaticus (Burch.). Phr. lukwekwi
Iwexwili, it is the scab of a wild dog, said of
someone who is always asking for some-
thing.
uku-Xwita, v. t. To pluck the feathers from
a bird, the hair from a person or wool from
a sheep.
um-Xwita, n. I. A despised person,
i-Xwita-ntamo, n. 2. Poor people, people
of the lowest rank.
uku-Xwiteka, v. Of wool, hair, etc., to be
plucked off, to be easily pulled out.
Yis sounded like y in the English you.
It is a semivowel, equivalent to the
simple sound i before another vowel : ia =
ya, ie=ye, etc.
Y prefixed to the verb, root forms the imper-
ative of vowel verbs: yaka, build, from
iikw-aka; yoyikani, be ye afraid, from
uk-oyika.
Ya 1 vtterj. Hurrah I
Ya, I. pass, particle of (a) 3 cl. sing. : indlu
yam, my house; indlu ya-umntu i.e.yomtitu,
the house of the man. (b) 6 cl. pi.: imikwa
ya-abantu, i.e. yabantu, the customs of the
people.
476
II, pron. subj. of conj. past, (a) 3 cl. sing. :
ikati yabaleka yafa, the cat ran away and
died, (b) 6 cl. pi. : imizi yatshiswa yactta-
kala, the villages were burned and destroyed.
Ya, pron. subj. of Absol. past (a) 3 cl. sing. :
indlu yawa, the house fell, (b) 6 cl. pi. :
imiti yahluma, the trees grew.
um-Ya, n. 6. The so-called Wild Hemp, or
Dar'a, Cannabis sativa, used for smoking,
and having the injurious effect of opium ;
as medicine it is used for bots in horses ;
see u-Kozo.
uku-YA, V. perf. ye. The following 2 cl,
pi. forms are to be distinguished: abbrer.
YA
rel. ayd, who or which go; absol. past Hya,
they went ; conj. past aya, and they went ;
short pres. dya, they go. I. To go, move
on to a person or place (opposed to resting):
ndaya kuye, I went to him; ubengayanga
ndawo, he went nowhere; masiye kulamzi,
let us go to that village; ukuya ngemitsi, to
jump; fig. ndiya kuniya, I shall get, find or
catch him; ilizwi lamya, he could not
answer, was puzzled, at a loss what to do;
limyile, it puzzled him.
Elokuya! interj. of encouragement.
The idea of going is frequently expressed
by an impersonal use of the passive : kuyi-
wa p'lna? Whither is the journey being
made? i.e. where are you going? kuyiive
ngenqanawa, the journey was made by ship;
kuya kuyiwa iigubaninaezinkomeninamhlanje?
who will go to (look after) the cattle to-day ?
2. It is used as an auxiliary in forming (a)
the pres, absol.: ndiyaya, I go, i.e. I am in
the act of going; tidiyatanda, I go loving,
i.e. I love; udiyamtdnda, I love him (the
verb bearing the emphasis).
(b) The Future tense (the form chiefly
used) : ndiya. kuhamba, I go to walk, i.e. I
shall walk; ndiya kudla, I shall eat.
(c) The second imperfect, pluperfect and
future imperfect : ndaye ndisehenza, contrac.
ndandisebenza, I went I working, i.e. I was
working, or I used to work (denoting
rather more remote past than ndibe ndisehe-
nza); ndaye ndingapekanga, contrac. nda-
ndingapekanga, I had not cooked, or I had
not used to cook; nda{ye)ndiya kuhlaba, I
went, I was going to stab, i.e. I should have
stabbed, or and I will stab.
3. It is used conjunctively: tvaya wasohila
isandla sake, and he stretched forth his
hand ; kwaya-kwaya wentliti ubutongo, things
went on and on, i.e. at last he fell into a
slumber.
4. It is used idiomatically with other verbs
of motion to add the sense of 'going': wye
wafika, he had gone and arrived ; ndiyekeni
ndihambe, ndiye ndifike, let me alone that I
may walk and go and arrive ; way a kiifika,
he went to arrive, i.e. he was about to arrive ;
wenyuka waya ezulwini, he ascended and
went to heaven.
— Yana, v. To associate with one : wayana
nam, he associated, conversed with me ;
hayana ngamehlo, they looked at each
other.
— Yela, V. To go for or to a certain place
or thing: ndayiyela leqiya, I went for
YA
this handkerchief (to get or to buy it);
ndaycla emasimini, I went towards the
gardens; uziyele ngokwake kwelozwe, he
went to that country of his own free
will.
— Yelana, v. To go to one another, have
communications with one another; also
to be like (-uku-Yelelana).
— Yelela, v. To go for a purpose; to
tend towards; to be like something in
appearance; to be suitable, conformable,
sufficient: iniali ayiyelele, the money is
not sufficient.
isi-Yelelo, n. 4. Inclination, tendency; a
thing which favours or has a resemblance
to another thing.
uku-Yelelana, v. To be conformable to,
suitable for: oko kuyelelene nokusindiswa
kwenu, this is for your safety ; to agree
with one another, to be like : ingoma zazo
ziyclelene, their songs have a close rela-
tionship; baye ubunqhia babo bungayelela-
ni, their witness did not agree.
— Yeleleka, );. To accord with; to be
proper for, or tending towards.
— Yisa, V. To make to go, take or remove ;
to bring : umyise utnntwana paya, take the
child to the place there. For this form
is often substituted uku-Sa,
u-Yaba, n. 5. That of which no proper
notice is taken : lomntu wenz' uyaba, this
man is careless, gives no answer, is
indifferent.
ukuti-Yabalala, v. i. To appear as if no
notice is taken ; to be careless.
Yabo, poss. pron. I. Their. I cl. pi. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. sing. : impi yabo, their army,
(b) 6 cl. pi. : imiti yabo, their trees.
II. Its. 7 cl. ref. to (a) 3 cl. sing. : bonke
ubukumkani bunenkosi yabo, every king-
dom has its lord.
(b) 6 cl. pi.: uhuhlanti bunemivalo yabo,
the cattle kraal has its bars.
Yabonal yabonani! interj! Behold! see
uku-Bona.
i-Yacuyacu, n. 2. used as adj. Thin, soft
(garment).
i-Yakayaka, «. 2. Anything, as a garment,
that is tattered ; anything, like dishevelled
hair, streaming in disorder; anything
trailing down Jike the broken branch of a
tree or the naturally drooping branches of
the Cape willow: inwele zingamayakayaka,
the hair is dishevelled.
ubu-Yakayaka, n. 7. State of disorder,
raggedness.
YA
uku-Yakazela, v. i. Of the hair, to be in
disorder, loose, dishevelled; of clothes,
to be ragged, tattered: ndiyayakazela, I
am just putting on rags, is a way of
begging for clothes.
Yake, poss. pron. His, her. I cl. sing. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. sing.: inkomo jrtke, his cow.
(b) 6 cl. pi. : imisesane yoke, his rings.
Yak6, poss. pron. Thy. 2 p. sing. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. sing.: intsimi ydkb, thy garden.
(b) 6 cl. pi.: imitandazo yaU.6, thy prayers.
Yak6, poss. pron. Its. 8 cl. ref. to (a) 3 cl.
sing.: peka ukutya embizeni j«k6, cook the
food in its pot.
(b) 6 cl. pi. : uhiifa kuneminzunzu jakd,
death has its pangs.
uku-YALA, f. /. To charge; to instruct one
in his duties, as is done to circumcised boys,
or at a marriage, or with chiefs when they
commence their reign, or to the members
of a family after the funeral of one of the
number and especially to the new guardian
in the case of the death of the head of the
family; to warn, admonish, advise,
command : wayale amadoda amatsha, exhort
the young men; to set a person right, to
punish a wrong-doer severely that he may
pay heed: ivamyala ukumbeta, he gave him
a sound beating.
um-Yali, n. I. An exhorter, admonisher.
isi-Yalo, n. 4. A charge.
u-Yalo, «. 5. Charging, instructing, etc.
um-Yalo, w. 6. Charge, admonition, in-
struction, command.
uku-Yalana, r. To warn, etc., each other.
— Yaleka, v. To suffer oneself to be
warne \ : akivaba ungaynleka ! O that you
might take warning! to take warning,
learn one's lesson by experience : akaya-
lekanga nahiba ehona ukuba neinpahla zip^-
lile, he took no warning, though he saw
that even his goods had come to an end.
— Yalekisa, v. To warn, make cautious.
isi-Yalekiso, n. 4. Warning.
uku-Yalela, v. To address by way of
caution; to caution, warn against, to
appoint, command; to give directions; to
instruct : ndiyalele indicia zako, teach me
thy ways, i.e. direct me ; to give order for,
or in respect of: apo wayiyalela kbna le-
ndodn, where thoa didst order, i.e. appoint,
this man.
um-Yalelo, n. 6. Instruction, direction.
uku-Yalaza, v. t. To stir and spread out
(corn) ; = Yazalala.
Yaleyo, pron. distrib. 3 cl. Every thing, etc.;
see Leyo.
478
YA
uku-Yaleza, v. t. To bid, order; give a
charge, commission : uyalezile ukuba ingubo
itengwe, he ordered a dress to be bought ;
to commit an enterprise or certain work
to another; uhiziyaleza, to commit oneself
to the charge of another; ndiyaniyaleza ku-
Tlxo, I commend you to God; baziyaleza
enkosini ukuba ibalondoloze, they committed
themselves to the chief that he might
protect them.
isi-Yalezo, n. 4. and um-Yalezo, n. 6.
Charge, order, instruction, command; a
proposal (at a meeting.)
uku-Ya!2zela, v. To order for or in
respect to; to give instructions to another,
as to the performance of any enterprise ;
to command.
isi-Yalezelo, n. 4. and um-Yalezelo, n. 6.
Commission, errand, embassy.
um-Yali, u-Yalo, um-Yalo, see uku-Yala.
Yale, poss. pron. Its. I. 2 cl. sing. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. sing. : ilizwe lilaulwa yinkosi ya\o,
the country is ruled by its chief.
(b) 6 cl. pi.: imiti ya\o (ilizwe) minimi, the
trees of it (the country) are many.
II. 5 cl. sing. ref. to (a) 3 cl. sing. : beka
ubisi endaweni yaXo, put the milk in its
place.
(b) 6 cl. pi.: utando Iwazeka ngemisebenzi
ya\o, love is known by its works.
isi-Yaluyalu, n. 4. Confusion; commotion,
agitated state, as of water; contempt.
uku-Yaluka, v. i. To be agitated, as
water; fig. to be distracted in mind.
— Yalula, V. To stir up water as a horse
does with its foot before drinking: mus'
ukuwayalula amanzi, don't dirty the
water (by agitating the mud) ; fig. to turn
the eyes in their sockets, as one dying.
ukuti-Yalulu and uku-Yaluza, v. t. To
look with disdain.
uku-Yaluyaluza, v. To beckon off.
— Yaluzela, v. Of water, to be agitated
in consequence of some movement under
the surface, or as when it bubbles out of
a mole-hole, or as when boiling; fig. to
disturb the mind.
— Yaluzelela, v. To look on one with
disdain : wamyahizelela ngamehlo amhlopi,
he looked down upon him with disdain.
— Yaluzelisa, v. To disturb or agitate
the surface of water as one might do by
wriggling his foot about under the sur-
face; to roll one's eyes about: kutenina
ukuba uyaluzelisa amehlo-njef why are you
rolling your eyes about so?
YA
in-Yaluti, = / ./V>a/«//.
Yam, poss. pron. My. I p. sing. ref. to (a) 3
cl. sing.: inkabi yam, my ox.
(b) 6 cl. pi.: imilenze yam, my legs.
uku-Yambalala, v. i. To lie down stretched
out.
in-Yambalala, n. 3. A multitude.
i-Yambane, «. 2. Something in disoider^
eic.; = i-Yakayaka.
ama-Yana, k. 2. pi. Contempt, disdain,
shown by not answering, or by not caring
for anything said: umayana, he does not
care for what you say ; coolness in speaking.
in-Yanda, = i-Nyandn.
Yanga, past tense 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl. pi. of
uhi-Nga (a) and (b).
in-Yanga, n. 3. The moon,- iNyavga.
in-Yango, = i Nyango.
uku-Yantaza, v. i. To saunter; to lounge or
walk leisurely; to rove, run about.
in-\ antungo, = i- Nyantungo.
in-Vapdpd, = i-Nyapopo.
ukutl-Yapuyapu, v. i. To be soft: inwele
eziyapuyapu, soft hair.
Yaso, poss.pron. Its. 4 cl. sing. ref. to (a) 3 cl.
sing.: isicaka sisendlwini yaso, the servant
is in his house.
(b) 6 cl. pi. : iminwe yaso (isandla) mihla-
nu, the fingers of it (the hand) are five.
i-Yasuyasu and i-Yasuyaswana, «. 2.
Thin cloth, gauzy material.
isi-Yata, «. 4. A stupid person; a fool;
simpleton; a credulous individual who is
easily cheated.
ubu-Yata, n. 7. Stupidity,
i-Yatayata, n. 2. A slovenly, careless
person.
ubu-Yatayata, «. 7. Slovenliness, care-
lessness.
in-Yatydba, n 3. An awl.
Yawo, poss. pron. I. t> cl. sing. ref. to (a; 3
cl. sing. Its: umti unentyantyambo yayvo,
the tree is in flower.
(b) 6 cl. pi. Their: lomhlaba unemizi yawo,
this ground has its villages.
II. Their. 2 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3 cl.
sing. : amakwenkwe asemfeketweni yawo, the
boys are at their play.
(b) 6 cl. pi. : amatafa dneminxutna yawo,
the plains have their holes.
uku-Yayateka, v. i. To laugh too much.
Yaye, aux. of Compound Tenses (a) 3 cl
sing. : lento yaye ifumva, contrac. yayifunwa,
this thing was being sought.
YA
(b) 6 cl. pi.: imitandazo yam yaye iya
(yayiya) kuviwa, my prayers would have
been heard, or will be heard.
Yayi, Contrac. of Yaye i, see Yaye.
Yayo, poss. pron. I. His, her, its. 3 cl. sing,
ref. to (a) 3 cl. sing. : hlamba indlu nefestile
yayo, clean the house and its window.
(b) 6 cl. pi: inkosi yawisa imiteto yayo,
the chief gave his commands.
II. Their. 6 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3 cl, sing.:
imikosi yatunywa yinkosi yayo, the armies
were sent by their chief.
(b) 6 cl. pi. : imisebenzi ngetnisetenzi ive-
mizamo yayo, all labours have their exer-
tions.
Yaza, 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl. pi. past tense of
uku-Za, used idiomatically to introduce a
further statement. Th^n: yaza yatii-Nkosi,
then the Lord said ; see uku-Za.
ukuti-Yazalala, v. t. To stir and spread out
(corn) with the flat hand; to smooth, make
sleek or even; to rinse out (a vessel); to
spread out lightly (earth or grass), so as to
cover a pitfall or snare for game; to wave,
beckon with the flat hand.
Yazika I inter j. An exulting exclamation
when a hostile attack fails.
Yazo, poss.pron. Their. I. 3 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3
cl. sing.: kangela, izindlu zimle endaweni
yazo, look I the houses have fallen in their
place.
(b) 6 cl. sing. : impi zabinza ngemikonto
yazo,, the enemies threw their spears.
II. 4 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3 cl. sing. : wofumana
izitya endaweni yazo, you will find the
vessels in their place.
(b) 6 cl. pi.: izizive zinemizi yazo emini-
nzi, the tribes have their many villages.
III. 5 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3 cl. sing. : izintlu
zaniiswa yinkosi yazo, the lines of soldiers
were arrayed by their captain.
(b) 6 cl. pi. : intlanga zineniikwa yazo, the
nations have their customs.
Yel interj. expressing pain, etc. •, — awH!
Ye, pron. 3 p. sing. He, him ; used (a) with prep. :
ndaya knye, I went to him ; uyise ebe naye,
his father was with him ; wateta ngaye, he
spoke about him. (b) following the copula:
jiguye, it is he ; expressing causal relation
ship : yenziwe nguye, it has been done by
him.
in-Yebelele, n. 3. Coldness.
in-Yebetii, n. 3. Foot-and-mouth disease.
i-Yebeyebe, n. 2. One who does not speak
out what is in his heart, who is silent as to
what happens, or does not answer properly.
YE
i-Yece, n. 2. Chronic inflammation of the
eyelids.
Yedwa, adj. I cl. sing. He or she alone;
see Dwi.
Yehal interj. Exclamation of mingled
surprise and regret: Yeha-ke mntwanam,
uhlelwe yinto-ninaf Alas, my child, what
has befallen yonl yeha, mna mntii uvc ububi!
what a miserable creature I am ! cf. Ha !
uku-Yeka, v. t. To leave off, let alone;
to cease from an action ; to yield ; to give
way, cease resisting: matidiyeke, let me give
way, i.e. I give in (when two parties are
disputing), or let me stop (speaking), i.e. I
have finished; to forbear, spare: ivayeka
ukusebenza, he left off vfor]!i\ng ; katiyeke !
never mind I to let go or fly : wayeka tigom-
konio or ngezembe kuye, he let go or slip, i.e.
threw, an assegai or a hatchet at him ; ukuye'
ka umzitnba, to relax the body; to be at ease;
not to be intimidated ; ndiyeke! leave me
alone I
Yeka ke ! is used to express surprise or
regret: Olwell! to be sure! only fancv!
also in graphic relation : yeka-ke ukiibaleka
kwake ! then how he ran I
— Yekela, v. To leave off for, or on
account of: uwuyekela-nina umsehenzi
wako ? why or for what reason do you leave
your work ? waziyekela, he gave himself
up, yielded, surrendered, resigned him-
self.
— Yekelela, v. To let loose a little; to
slacken, as a rope held by the hand ; fig.
to forbear, forgive : ngenxa yohiyekelelwa
kwezono, because of the passing over, i.e.
remitting of sins.
u-Yekelelo, n. 5. A releasing, release.
i-Yekeyeke, n. 2. A person whose attention
is easily distracted from his work, who
readily yields to the persuasions of another
or is easily led into any course of conduct.
um-Yeke, n. I. \ person who has no mind
of his own, who is easily influenced by
others.
um-Yeke and um-Yekete, «. 6. An
unfinished work, as e.g. when in cutting
a log into cross sections the sawyer
leaves an inch or two unsevered in each
section to support the log while he is
sawing the remaining sections.
ubu-Yeke, n. 7. State of being easily
distracted from one's work through
lack of concentration.
uku-Yeketa, v. t. To hold but not firmly
or tightly; to sleep lightly.
YE
— Yeketdka, v. To be drowsy, half^aslcep.
— Yeketisa, v. To do a thing imperfectly,
by halves,
u-Yeketiso, n. 5. Half measures; im-
perfection.
in-Yekevu, = i-Nyekevu.
uku-Yela, Yelela, Yeleleka, isi-Yelelo,
see tiku-Ya.
i-Yelenqe, ti. 2. Secret plan,- i-Ralanqe.
uku-Yelenqela, v. i. To concert secretly
a plan to damage or harm another person :
bandiyelenqela, they sounded me in a
hypocritical manner,
in-Yembe, = i-Nyembe.
in-Yembezi, n. 3. A tear.
ukuti-Yemyem, v. i. To come in numbers.
Yena, pron. emphat. I cl. sing. He, she : yena
wahamba, he (himself) went; abamvanga
yena, they have not heard him (or her)
himself; oyena, emphat. form, as a kind of
suptr\z\\vQ: nyulaninatnhhi oyena niya kum-
konza, choose to-day whom you will serve;
oyena tnutti ntkulu, the greatest man.
isi-Yengelezane, n. 4. A certain anticipated
catastrophe which befalls one; sorrow.
in-Yengelezi, = i-Nyengekzi.
u-Yengeyenge, n. 5. That which is wanting
in solidity.
uku-Yengezela, v. i. To be watery: iliso
lam liyengezela ku-Tixo, my eye pours
out tears to God.
— Yengezelisa, v. To cause to be watery:
amehlo abotiakele eyengezelisa inyembezi, lit.
her eyes were seen to be shedding tears,
the water stood in her eyes.
isi-Yengo, m. 4. A beguiling word or act.
um-Yeni, w. I. A bridegroom. This term is
wide and is used by women for one who
enters a family connection, even a son or
brother-in-law; umyeni warn, my husband;
abayeni, sidesmen ; singabayeni kunye sonke,
we are all in good company.
Yenu, poss. pron. Your. 2 p. pi. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. sing. : inisimi yenu, your garden.
(b) 6 cl.pl.: iminqwazi yenu, your head-
dress.
in-Yenzane, -- i-Nyenzatie.
isi Yete, n. 4. Em. A ioo\, = isi-Yata.
Yetu, poss. pron. Our. I p. pi. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. sing.: inkomo yetu, our beast,
(b) 6 cl. pi. : imifuno yetu, our corn.
in-Yewo, = i-Nyewo.
isi-Yeye, n. 4. A stripe round the neck of
intibaue, the red-capped lark; the isidanga^
or necklace of one of the tribes.
48O
YE
ama-Yeyeye, h. 2. />/. Crying and yelling of
persons in distress or wounded in battle ;
noise at great meetings, caused by the going
in and out of women.
uku Yeyezela, v. i. To sing at the uku-
Tshila of circumcised boys, with hand
clapping and beating of drums (of dry
skin).
um-Yeyezelo, n. 6. The singing and
drumming of women at the dance of
circumcised boys.
i-Yeza, n. 2. Medicine in the widest sense of
the term, including not only curative (which
is the usual kind) and preventive (as that
taken to enable a person to eat diseased
meat with impunity) but also those concoc-
tions which are used as charms in witch-
craft (as in uku-Posela).
i-Yeza lamehlo, Scabiosa columbaria L.,
for sore eyes.
i-Yeza lehashe, three kinds: Silene bur-
chellii Ott., Thunbergia capensis Thun.,
Rubia petiolaris B.C., for scrofula and
dysentery.
i-Yeza lehlaba, Lithospermum, for stitch.
i-Yeza lengqele, medicine for colds.
i-Yeza lentshulube, Hibiscus trionum
L., for worms.
i-Yeza lesidiya, Noltea africana Reichh.,
for quarter ill.
i-Yeza lesigcau, for snakebites.
i-Yeza lezikali, Pelargonium reniforme
Curt., for keeping maggots out of wounds.
i-Yeza logezo, Atrixia heterophylla Less.,
for madness.
i-Yeza lokuxaxazisa, Euclea lanceolata
Mey., an aperient.
i-Yeza lomoya obomvu, Rhyncosia gibba
Mey., for scrofula.
i-Yeza elimiiyama, Anemone caffra E.
& Z., for headache.
ubu-Yeza, «. 7. The whole art of dispens-
ing medicine.
i-Yeza, n. 2. A sweet potato.
isi-Yezi, 71. 4. Em. Giddiness, dizziness,
stunning from lightning; confusion of
thought; want of taking thought, escaping
of thoughts ; = isi-Ziinguzane, in-Zuhilwane,
and ukuti-Nciti.
um-Yezo, n. 6. A (fruit or kitchen) garden,
orchard.
Yi, (a) pref. for forming the imperative in
monosyllabic verbs: ylya, go; yiza, come,
(b) pron. obj. of 3 cl. : bayikonza inkosi,
they served the chief; 6 cl. pL: Jidayigaula
leniitt, I felled these trees.
L3
YI
(c) Copula of nouns 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl.
pi., and of pronouns: y'xyo, it is it; uyhikosi,
he is the chief; y'lyo ittiiti, it is the trees;
yiyiphta into? which thing is it? ylnina?
what is it ? waziqonda into ay'iyo, he knew
himself what he was.
(d) It expresses causal relationship in 3
cl. sing.: ndagxotwa yhtkosi or y'lyo, I was
driven away by the chief or by him ; and in
6 cl. pi. : ndawelwa y'lmiti, trees fell upon me
in-Yiba, n. 3. A narrow way or pass.
n-Yibiba, «. 3. The arum lily.
u-Yihlo, n. I. Thy or your father.
u-YihIokazi, n. I. Thy or your paternal
uncle.
u-Yihlokulu, n. I. Thy or your grand-
father (on the father's side).
u-YihIozala, m. I. Thy father-in-law (the
woman's)
in-Yiki, n. 3. A kind of caterpillar.
uku-Yikileka, v. t. To pinch with the finger-
nails; to laugh heartily.
isi-Yikili, w. 4. A dispersion; plur. many
things.
i-Yila, n. 2. A kind of sea-shell.
uku-Yila, v. t. To sketch or mark out on the
ground the site of a house or cattle-fold ;
to give a rough outline of anything; to
design a plan of a house or garden; to
commence to form: intsimbt iyakandwa
iyilwe, the iron is formed or shaped by
forging; to found or establish without
completing.
um-Yill, n. I. A sketcher, former.
i-Yilo, n. 2. One deficient in power of
speech or utterance ; one who cannot
sing in tune; a stupid person, a know-
nothing.
um-Yiio, H. 6. The forming or commence-
ment of a thing without completion ; fig. a
hypocrite.
ubu-Yilo, n. 7. Stupidity in speech, etc.
uku-Yileka, v. To be fit for forming.
uku-Yilata, v. i. To walk about doing noth-
ing; to be confused.
in-Yinga, n. 3. Agrimony.
Yinil and Yini le! ititerj. of contempt.
What! yini-ke-le! what then is this! (an
exclamation over a great number).
Yinina? Why, etc.; see Yi and Nina.
Yipina ? Which, etc. ; see Yi and Pina.
u-Yise, n. I. His, her or their father;
contract, in composition into u-So (which
see) ; uyise ka-N., the father of N.; uyise
bo M. no N., the father of M. and N,
481
YI
u-Yisekazi, n. I. His, her, or their pater-
nal uncle.
u-Yisemkulu, ?/. l. His, her or their
grandfather (on the father's side).
u-Yisezala, n. I. The woman's father-in-
law.
Yitsh6ni! interj. All hail! Good day! see
uku-Tsho.
uku-Yiylzela, v. To make the sound yi, yi
as in the singing of tidulL
Yiyo, It is it or by it, etc.; see Yt and Yo.
um-Yiywana, n. 6. Used by children for a
small fire.
YO I interj. of surprise or fear, as when one
makes a mistake which he ought not to
have made, such as addressing one whom
he knew well by the wrong title.
Y61 interj. of pain, regret, grief, bewailing,
used e.g. by a girl who is being abducted;
(see uku-Twala.)
Yo, pron. of 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl. pi. It is used
(a) after the possessive particles: ihashe
layo (inkosi), his (the chief's) horse ; intlami
zayo (imilambo), their (the rivers') fish ; and
so on through all classes; emphat. elayo
ihashe, his horse ; ezayo intlanzi, their fishes.
(b) with prepositions: hendinayo (indlu),
I had it (a house) ; wateta ngayo(imizekeliso),
he spoke by means of them (parables).
(c) with the copula to express causal
relationship : sapatwa yiyo (inkosi), we were
ruled by him (the chief); sahulawa yiyo
(imivumbo), we were pained by them (the
weals).
Yo, pron. subj. of the Conditional future of 3
cl. sing, and 6. cl. pi. : imazi yosengiva, the
cow will be milked; itniteto yowiswa, l-dws
will be given.
-yo, enclitic (a) marking relative sentences,
when the verb is emphatic or alone : u-T'ixo
ohonayo emjihlekweni, God who sees in se-
cret; whereas yo is omitted, when the stress
is taken off the verb: u-Tixo obona emjihle-
kweni, God who sees in secret; and in the
future tenses: amazimba endiya kuivadla,
Kafircorn, which I shall eat.
(b) affixed to verbs, usually in the perfect
tense, to give them an adjectival (attribu-
tive) meaning: indlu elungileyo, a good
house, from ukuliinga, to be good ; intombi
etandekayo, a beloved daughter, from ukii-
tandeka, to be lovable.
(c) affixed to other verbs or verbal forms
in certain dependent clauses having a rela-
tive idea: kungoko wabizwayo, therefore he
was called; njengoko atitayo, according as
482
YO
he speaks ; njengoktiba watandazayo, accord-
ing as he prayed; xa akdyo, when he is
present; bnye kiikona-ke badandiilukayo, but
they cried the more. In many cases this
termination conveys an idea of continued
action: xa ahambayo, while he was travel-
ling.
uku-Yoba, v i. Of a very sick man, to drink
often; to be intoxicated; to totter; to faint;
also = Dikizela. v. t. To overcome, over-
power, stupefy by smoking, drinking, wrath,
etc.: nyotyiwe ktitshaya, he is stupefied by
smoking; elociiba liyandiyoba, that tobacco
makes me sick.
in-Yobanyoba, «. 3. Golden syrup.
uku-Yobeka, v. To be very sick, etc.
in-Yobi. n. 3. A kind of bird.
Yodwa, adj. 3 cl. sing, and 6 cl. pi. Alone,
only : ndapeka inyama yodwa, I cooked meat
only; ndigaiile lemiti yodwa, I cut only these
trees; see Dwa.
in-Yoka, ??. 3. A snake,- i-Nyoka.
ubu-Yoko, n. 7. Plenty, superfluity; the
finest, best, choicest of things.
ubu-Yokoyoko, n. 7. Beautiful, excellent,
luxurious things; well-furnished (house);
fig. softness, tenderness of heart.
uku-YOLA, V. i. To be pleasant, agreeable,
delicious: ukiitya hiyolile, the food is ex-
tremely pleasant (to the taste) ; umoya uyo-
lile, the air is lovely ; ukuteia kwake kuyolile,
his speech is delightful; to feel pleasant; to
be delighted, happy, blissful : uyolile, he is
delighted; or, he is animated through drink.
i-Yola, n. 2. A drunkard.
isi-YoIo, n. 4. Enjoyment, delight, bliss.
u-YoIo, n. 5. Happiness, bliss.
ubu-YoIo, M. 7. The state of the greatest
happiness, blessedness, blissfulness: uku-
dla ubuyolo, to live comfortably.
uku-Yolela, v. To have pleasure: ndiya
kuyolehva-na ? shall I have pleasure ? ayi-
ndiyolele, I have no pleasure in it.
i-Yolelo, n. 2. Settlement, contentment,
satisfaction.
uku-Yolisa, v. (a) To give pleasure, make
happy; to delight. Phi: tiyolis' udliibu, he
speaks without end. (b) To lose a hunted
animal after having almost secured it,
— Yolisana, v. To delight one another.
uku-Yolela, v. (a) rel. form of uku-Yola.
(b) To give the dying charge; to arrange
matters, set affairs in order; to give orders
as to the management of affairs during
absence, or to the disposal of property
after death; ukumyolela, to curse one.
YO
um-Yoleli, «. I One who gives the dying
charge, etc.
um-YoIelo, n. 6. An address or charge of
a dying person to the survivors; a will,
testament.
uku-YoIeka, v. Em. To be charged, etc.;
= iihi- Yaleka.
Yona, pron. emphat. (a) 3 cl. sing. : yona indlu
itshile, it, the house itself is burnt; eyofia
ndlela tiiya kunyula yona yiyiphia? which is
the way you will choose? (b) 6 cl. pi.-
andiyitandi imigidi yona, I do not like night
revelries (themselves) ; eyona tnilambo ndayi-
candayo, the very valleys I crossed.
uku-Yondelana, v. i. To come together; to
meet, to be a mass.
in-Yongo, «. 3. Gall, bile ; = i-Nyongo.
Yonke, adj. All, whole, abundant, (a) 3 cl.
sing.: ndaninika inyama yonke, I gave him
YO
all the meat; indyebo iya kuba yonke, the
harvest will be abundant, (b) 6 cl. pi.: yonke
imilambo izele, all the rivers are full; see
Onke.
in-Yosi, ?/. 3. Ahee, = i-Nyosi.
ukuti-Y6yi, v. i. To be fast asleep^
Yu ! interj. of surprise.
Yucuyucu, adj. Soft and squashy, as over-!
cooked meat breaking into bits on being
dished.
uku-Yucuka, v. i. Of wool, to come off; of
skin, to be torn away by the fingernails.
— Yucula, V. t. To tear off (wool from the
skin, cuticle with the hair) ; to tear into.
isi-Yunguma, «. 4. A numerous body, a
great mass : baziziyunguma, they are many
who have arrived at the place.
in-Yushu, n. 3. A kind of snake, -i-Nytishu.
uku-Yutula, V. t. = uku-Yucula.
Zhas usually the same sound in Kafir as in
English ; after n it is nearly equal to dz.
Za, I. poss. particle, (a) 3 cl. pi.: inkomo zalo-
tnniu, the cattle of that person, (b) 4 cl. pi. :
zininzi izilo zehlatt = za-ihlati, the wild
animals of the forest are many, (c) 5 cl. pi. ;
izinii zendlu = za-tndlu zinde, the laths of
the house are long.
II. pron. subj. of Conj. past (a) 3 cl. plur. :
inkomo zifike zapela, the cattle came to an
end, i.e. were quite gone, (b) 4 cl. pi.: izo-
nka zapela, and the loaves were finished,
(c) 5 cl. pi. : inyatvo zake zide zadinwa, his
feet were at length tired.
Za, pron. subj. of Absol. past (Aor.) of (a) 3
cl. plur.: intaka zabaleka, the birds flew
away ; (b) 4 cl. plur. : izonka zadliwa, the
loaves of bread were eaten; (c) 5 cl. plur. :
inyawo zako zandinyatela, your feet trod on
me.
um-Za, n. I. Em. A cousin.
ili-ZS, n. 2. The Vaal rhebok, Pelea capreo-
IviS (Bech.).
ili-Za, n. 2. A wave.
isi-Za, n. 4. A site for a house to be built
upon; a building lot.
ukuti-Za, V. i. To be scattered, dispersed,
wasted, destroyed.
uku-Za (ukw-Iza), v. i. pass. ziwa. The fol-
lowing 2 cl. pi. forms are to be distinguished :
abbrev. rel. azd, who or which come; absol.
past, aza or eza, they came ; conj. past, aza
or eza, and they came ; short, pres., aza or
i»a, they come.
483
1. To come, arrive, approach: inkomO
ziyeza, the cattle are coming; kuba engaze
kutshabalalisa, for he came not to destroy ;
akezi, he does not come; uza kade, he is
long in coming; ii-John uziwa ngu-James,
John is followed by James in order of birth.
2. As an auxiliary it has the following
uses: (a) It denotes that the action of the
verb following is near to its accomplish-
ment, i.e. to be about, to happen: ndiza
kutela, lit. I come to speak, i.e. I am just
about to speak; ndiza kufa, I am near death,
or almost dying; amahashe aza kungena
emasimini, the horses are about to enter
the garden ; uze wayeka timvalo, he happened
to leave the gate-bar (did not close the
opening with it) ; xa aza kuza, when he shall
come; woz' ati-nina ukubuya kivakif how
will he come back?
(b) It expresses sequence in time, one
event following the other, "and then":
■waza wapendula kubo, then he answered
them; ivaza watt kuye, and he said to him;
ze ball bapumle kwa oko, and then they must
rest immediately; woz' aze ngokuzukiseki-
leyo, then he will come in glory.
(c) In the negative it expresses "never",
often changing the vowel at the end into e:
ongaze alale, who never sleeps; fundani
iikungaze nifekete nesono, learn never to play
with sin; akuzange kubeko lonto? has there
never been such a thing ? akusayi kuze ku-
beko mntu, there shall never be a person
ZA
there or present; ubiinzima obmigayi ktize
btipile, sufferings which will never come to
an end; bavuye ngohingasakuze kupele, and
they rejoice without end; andizange or
andizanga iiditete, I have never spoken;
abaze batsho, they did not say so at all ; nge
engezanga abottane noyise, he would never
have seen his father; ongaze awe, who never
falls.
(d) The Imperative or sometimes the
subjunctive of ukuzn is used before another
verb as a polite (but less polite than ka) or
supplicatory imperative: uz' utande, you
must love; uz'tingebi, thou shalt not steal;
z'undipi, please, give me; zenipulapule,
listen ye; ize ningaxahani, see that ye don't
quarrel; yonke into iz'ibizive ingcwele, and
everything shall be called holy.
(e) It serves as a conj. in the forms iikuze,
ize, lizCykuze, etc., always followed by the
subjunctive, and expressing "that, in order
that, to the intent that, for the purpose or
design that " : wohlala apa ukuze (uze) umbone,
you must remain here, that you may see
him; ivobabonisa ukuze (baze) bayenze lento,
you must show them so that they may do
this thing; ndanibalcla hinge ngokuze nilile,
kungokuze nivuye, I wrote to you, not that
ye might weep, but that ye might rejoice ;
ngokokuze adunyiswe kunene, that, i.e. to the
intent that, he might be praised very much.
— Zela, V. To come for, to, into, over,
etc.: ingozi indizcle, an accident befell
me; uzela apa, he came here; akazizcla-
tiga, he did not come for himself, for his
own purpose ; isela alizi lingazele ukuze
libe, the thief comes not, but that he may
steal.
— Zisa, V. To bring near; to let come:
zis' umntwana apa, hr'mg the child here;
uzizisa entanjeni, lit. he brings himself to
the thong, he delivers himself to be
caught.
— Zisela, v. To bring near to, to bring
(calamity) upon: baziseleni amanzi aba-
nxaniweyo, bring water to the thirsty.
i-Zaba, n. 2. A shadow, picture, resemblance,
sham ; an allegory.
i-Zacaka, n. 2. A kind of plant.
i-Zaka, n. 2. A barbed assegai.
uku-Zakazeka, v. i. To be worn out; to be
in tatters and shreds; to be destroyed.
Zake, poss. pron. His, her. I cl. sing. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. pi.: imb'iza zdViQ, his pots.
(b) 4 cl. pi.: izitebe 2ake, his eating mats.
(c) 5 cl. pi.: inkamba zaki, his old pans.
ZA
Zak6, I. poss. pron. Thy. 2 p. sing. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. pi.: inrivadi zak6, thy books.
(b) 4 cl. pi.: izito zakb, thy limbs.
(c) 5 cl. pL: izinti zakd, thy laths.
II. poss. pron. Its. 8 cl. ref. to (a) 3 cl.
pi. : uku/a kunentlungu zakb, death hath its
pains, (b) 4 cl. pi. : peka ukutya ezityeni za-
kb, cook the food in its pots, (c) 5 cl. pi. :
ukuhlala etnhlabeni kunentsizi zakb, living on
earth has its own troubles.
i-Zala, n. 2. A dung hill or ash heap, rub-
bish heap; (mostly used in the pi.); kuse-^
zaleni, it is on the dunghill.
uku-ZALAjI.v. /. perf. zele. To become full;
in perf. to be full : imb'iza izele kukutya, the
pot is full of food ; utnlambo uzele, the river
is full; ulwandle luzele, it is flood tide; nge-
ndlela ezeleyo, in a suitable manner.
ubu-Zala, n. J, Fullness.
uku-Zalana, v. To become many or full:
ifuini zako zizelene, your days have reached
the full; imihlali ezeleneyo, full, perfect
rejoicings.
— Zalela, v. To be full for: undizalele
umlambo or ndizalelwe ngumlambo, the
river is in flood and detains me.
— Zalisa, v. To fill, make full: zalisa izi-
tya, fill the vessels ; to accomplish : zalisa
idinga lako, fulfil your promise.
um-Zalisi, «. I. One who performs or
fulfils: umzalisi wecebo labaiunywa baki,
He that performeth the counsel of His
messengers, i.e. God.
isi-Zaliso, n. 4. The filling up, completion.
u-Zaliso, n. 5. Uzaliso Iwezandla, filling
up of the hands, i.e. consecration.
uku-Zaliseka, v. To be fulfilled, accom-
plished (a promise, prophesy).
in-Zaliseko, n. 3. Fulfilment, accomplish-
ment; fullness.
uku-Zalisekela, v. To fulfil, accomplish
for.
— Zalisekisa, v. To make perfect; to
cause accomplishment.
— Zalisela, 'z^. To accomplish for : bamza-
lisela imihla emashumi mane, they com-
pleted forty days (of mourning) for him.
uku-ZALA, II. V. t. To bear young; to beget,
generate : wazala umntwana, she gave birth
to a child ; unyana ekupela kwamzeleyo, lit.
the son which-the-only Of-him-begetting-
him, his only begotten son; unyana ekupila
komzeleyo, lit. the son which-the-only of-
you-begetting-him, thy only begotten son;
to lay eggs : isikukukazi sizele amaqanda, the
hen has laid eggs; pass, ukuzalwa, to be
484
Ik
born : ukuzalwa kwake, his birth. Phr. iiku-
zala amatole, to bear interest.
um-Zali, n. I. Father, mother; pi. parents.
Fern, umzalikazi, more definitely used for
mother.
in-Zala, n. 3. (a) Progeny, generation,
race; fig. increase, rent, intei-est (not
used in plural), (b) A kind of coarse
grass called Kangaroo grass.
in-Zalo, n. 3. Issue, progeny, offspring,
family; the bearing of a child, birth.
isi-Zalo, n. 4. The womb.
u-Zalo, n. 5. Birth.
ubu-Zali, n. 7. Parentage.
uku-Zalana, v. To be connected by birth ;
to be of the same mother: bayazalana,
they are brethren ; uzalana nendoda yam,
he is my husband's brother.
um-Zalana and um-Zalwana, «. I. One
of the same blood, a blood relation, near
kinsman, brother.
isi-Zalwane, n. 4. All relations together,
family, brotherhood, (often used in the
pi. izizalwane).
um-Zalwane, n. 6. Relation, less near
than um-Zalwana; imika-mzalwanc , a
brother's wife.
ubu-Zalwana, n. 7. Brotherhood.
uku-Zalela, x'. To bear for or in a certain
place : wazalehva apa, he was born here ;
nizalelwe u-Msindisi, a Saviour is born
for you ; iimntu iizalclwe ukwapuka, man is
born for trouble, Phr. iizalele pantsi, she
bore children who died in infancy, i.e.
she labours to no purpose ; see i-Seme.
— Zaielana, v. To beget for one another;
used of brothers or re.\3LX\wQs:bayazalelana,
they beget children for each other.
— Zaiisa, V. To assist in childbirth.
um-Zalisikazi, n I. One who assists in
childbirth; a midwife.
in-Zaliso, «. 3. Help at childbirth.
ZaXo, poss.pron. Its. I. 2 cl. sing. ref. to (a) 3
cl. plur. : ihashe libaza indlebe za\o, the
horse pricks up its ears, (b) 4 cl. pi. : ilizwe
limiwe ngezizwe za\o ezininzi, the country is
inhabited by its many tribes, (c) 5 cl. pi. :
lumkela itole, lihlaba ngempondo zaVo, take
heed of the calf, it thrusts with its horns.
II. poss. pron. 5 cl. sing. ref. to (a) 3 cl.
pi.: luncolile usana 7iendlebe^za\o, tho. chWd
and its ears are dirty, (b) 4 cl. pi.: ^a/d'
ubisi ezityeni za\o, pour the milk into its
dishes, (c) 5 cl. pi,: tabata usana uhlambi
inyawo zalo, take the child and wash its
feet.
ZA
Zam, poss. pron. My. I p. sing. ref. to (a) 3
cl. pi.: inkabi zam, my oxen, (b) 4 cl. pi. :
izitukutezi zam, my troubles, (c) 5 cl. pi. :
intango zam, my fences.
uku-ZAMA, t). ;. and /. To move: umti-uya-
zama, the tree moves; to exert oneself with
difficulty; to struggle; to persevere under
discouragement ; to labour hard at: zamani
tiisebenze, go steadily on with your work :
ndiyawuzama umsebenzi want, I struggle
with my work; to endeavour to persuade:
ndiyamzama, I press, urge him very much.
um-Zamo, n. 6. Great effort, hard labour;
umzamokazi, a very great effort,
ubu-Zamo, n. 7. Difficulty, burden, hard-
ship: hito ebiizamo, a very heavy, im-
practicable, impossible thing.
uku-Zamazama, v. To move repeatedly,
backward and forward; to make repeated
struggles ; to shake, quake, totter, vibrate ;
umhlaba uyazamazama, the earth is
shaking.
— Zamazamisa, v. To agitate; to stir to
and fro (corn for drying) ; to shake ; to
move (as water carried in a vessel);
make quake, totter; fig. to stir up, rouse.
— Zamana, v. To struggle with one
another: ivazamana nam, he wrestled
with me.
— Zamela, v. To labour hard, wrestle for
or about.
— Zamisa, t;. To cause to move ; to stir a
mass, as porridge or corn.
u-Zamiso, n. 5. A porridge-stick.
uku-Zambazeka, v. i. To be languid, in-
disposed to exertion.
uku-Zamla, v. i. Em. To stretch oneself,
yawn or gape after rising from sleep ; fig.
ndizamla ngomxelo ukuhamba endle, kodwa
ndiswel' amandla, I desire much to go
outside, but I have no strength, said of sick
persons who have no strength to perform
what they will ; cf. ukw-Akama.
um-Zananda, n. 6. Distemper in dogs.
i-Zancete, ?;. 2. A kind of grass (watch-
grass', whose leaves move when picked.
um-Zane, n. 6. (a) White ironwood, Tod-
dalia lanceolata Lam. and T. natalensis
Sond. (bi Medicinal plant for gallsickness,
um-Zaneno. n. 6. The future.
Zanga, past, tense of 3, 4 and 5 classes pi. of
liku-Nga (a) and (b).
i-Zantsi, «. 2. The lower part of a thing or
place; the lower part of a valley; the foot
of a mountain. The locative is used ad-
verbially, either alone •r follvwtd )»j tke
485
ZA
prep, kiva : kudc ezantsi, deep below ; ezaiitsi
or emazantsi, in the South ; czatttsi kivesango,
below or beneath the gateway; ezantsi
kwendlela, at the lower end of the road.
Ngezantsi, adv. Below : ngezantsi empuma-
la)iga, at the South-east ; ni[ezantsi entshoiia-
lauga, at the South-west.
um-Zantsi, «. 6. The lower part or bot-
tom of a thing: umzantsi wengubo, the
lower part of a garment; the land
towards the South; the South.
i-Zanya, n. 2. Nothing.
Zaso, poss. pron. Its. 4 cl. sing. ref. to (a) 3
cl. pi.: isifo sinentlungu zaso, the sickness
has its pains, (b) 4 cl. pi.: tsisimi sivelisa izi-
qamo zaso, the field brings forth its fruits.
(c) 5 cl. pi. : zisa isapeta nentolo zaso, bring
the bow and its arrows.
isi-Zatu, n. 4. Reason why, argument, cause,
proof.
uku-Zatuza, v. To reason.
Zawo, poss. pron. I. Their. 2 cl. plur. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. plur.: amadoda ayazibeka inkosi
zawo, the men honour their chiefs.
(b) 4 cl. pL: amasimi ebetshiswa nczipa
zawo, the gardens were burnt with their
sheaves.
(c) 5 cl. pi.: inyawo zawo (amadoda)
zibuhlungu, the feet (of the men) are sore.
II. Its. 6 cl. sing. ref. to (a) 3 cl. pi.: umt\
uneziqaino zawo, the tree has its fruit.
(b) 4 cl. pi. : iimkosi iiyalwa ngezikali zawo,
the army fights with its weapons.
(c) 5 cl. pi. : umbundane uhleli inlsiiku zawo
ezimbalwa, the larva lives its few days.
Zaye, au::. of Compound (Progressive) Ten-
ses, (a) 3 cl. pi.: inkabi zaye zifunyanwa,
contrac. zazifunyaniva, the bullocks were
being found or used to be found, (b) 4 cl.
pi. : izikali za(ye)zihlabile, the weapons had
cut, or had used to cut. (c) 5 cl. pi.: intlu
zomkosi zafyejziya kumiswa, the ranks of the
army would have been arrayed; see uku-
Ya, 2 (c).
Zayo, poss. pron. I. Its. 3 cl. sing. ref. to (a)
3 cl. pi. : indlu inefestile zayo, the hoiise has
its windows, (b) 4 cl. pi.: nezitya zayo, and
its vessels, (c) 5 cl. pi.: nengcango zayo,
and its doors.
II. Their. 6 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3 cl. pi. :
imilambo inentlanzi zayo, the rivers have
their fish, (b) 4 cl. pi. : imiba inengxakeko
zayo, the mountain passes have their
obstacles, (c) 5 cl. pi. : iminive nenzipo zayo,
fingers with their nails.
ZA
Zaza, 3, 4 and 5 cl. pi. past tense of uhi-Za,
used idiomatically to introduce a further
statement. Then: zaza zabarijtswa intlanzi,
then the fishes were caught; seeiiku-Za 2 (b).
uku-Zaza, v. t. To scatter or spread over;
to overrun: bawuzaza umhlaba, they overran
the earth, spread over it ; usapo Iwake luli-
zaze lonke ilizwe, his children are scattered
all over the country.
— Zazeka, v. i. To be much about, in all
places; to be omnipresent.
ZazI, aiix. of 3, 4 and 5 cl.; see Zaye.
Zazo, poss. pron. Their. I. 3 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3
cl. pi. : inkosi zihlanganise iinpi zazo, the
chiefs gathered their armies, (b) 4 cl. pi. :
inkosi zikonzwa zizicabi zazo, chiefs are
served by their servants, (c) 5 cl. pi.: beka
ngasezindlwini izinti zazo, put near the
houses their laths.
II. 4 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3 cl.pl.: izitya
zisezindaweni zazo, the vessels are in their
places, (b) 4 cl. pi. : izono zimelwe zizibetd
zazo, sins must have their punishments, (c)
5 cl. pi, : izakiwo zimiswe ngengcamba zazo,
the buildings are raised by their layers of
stone.
III. 5 cl. pi. ref. to (a) 3 cl, pi. : zonkt
intlanga zinenteto zazo, all nations have
their languages, (b) 4 cl. pi.: ingcango
zivaliwe ngezitshixo zazo, the doors are shut
by their locks, (c) 5 cl.pl.: indonga zaqini-
swa ngenqameko zazo, the walls were
strengthened by means of their buttresses.
Ze, Supplicatory imperative of iikii-Za (d),
which see.
Ze, adj. Bare, naked, empty, vain: wahambi
ze, he went naked ; iliz'oe lize, the land is
bare ; indlela ize, the road is without danger,
i,e, safe; ndiz^, I have nothing; fig.
gratuitous: wandinika ze, he gave me
gratuitously,
ili-Ze, «, 2. and ubu-Ze, «. 7. Emptiness,
nakedness, nudity.
Ze ze ze, adv. Gratuitously: kubonwa apa,
ze ze ze, iikuhulala nokuba, here are seen,
and that too for nothing, murders and
thefts.
uku-ZEKA, V. t. To take for oneself, for
one's own: wazeka umfazi, he took to him-
self a wife, i.e. he married ; bazeka ilizwi,
they received the word, took it to heart;
ndiyalizeka ityala, I am incurring guilt;
ndizeka kiiye, I take hold of him, i.e. I find a
hold in him; nyizeke pina lento? whence
have you taken this thing ? iikuzeka umsindo^
to get into a passion; «a;**a ia^/*, (with or
without umsindo), he is slow in getting
angry, in resolving and doing; he is long
suffering; of a bull or stallion, to mount or
cover a cow or mare. Phr. uhcba iiyakuzeka
ekaSambunisiinsu, kanii uyakuzeka eka-Sihlo-
vgonya, he thought he would marry the
daughter of a rich man, but he will
marry the daughter of a poor man ; see also
um-Viindla.
isi-Zekabani, n. 4. Cause, motive, origin^
uku-Zekazeka, v. To take often, etc.
— Zekana, v. To hold on to one another;
to come in touch with another or with
any thing or state : bazekana nolwimi, they
believed the lies; utigazekani nokuteta
)ht;a?«, do not care about my talking; to
intermarry.
— Zekaneka, v. i. To be impatient ; to be
easily offended, or excited to anger:
ozekiuiekayo weuza ukumaia, he that is
soon angry dealeth foolishly.
— Zekazekana, v. To meddle with; to
have to do with; to engage, embark
in: bazekazekana naloiuiawo, they meddled
with that matter.
— Zekeka, v. To be taken off one's feet;
to be overpowered (by sleep); cf. Taba-
teka.
— Zekela, v. (a) To take for one: wamze-
kela unyana wake umfazi, he took a
wife for his son.
(b) To take as an instance, example or
model : wazekela kuye, he took an example
from him, imitated him, did as he did; to
receive from; to obtain; uzckela kwase-
ntloko, he begins, commences from the
first. Phr. ndiwazekelwe aniate, they took
up my spittle, i.e. I was misunderstood.
isi-Zekelo n. 4. and um-Zekelo, n, 6.
Exampel, model, pattern.
uku-Zekelana, v. To have friendship with
each other : bazekelana uinlilo, they take
fire from each other, i.e. they are friends.
— Zekelela, r. To go a long way round
about; to make a detour; to fetch a
compass in journeying : lendlela iyazekele-
la, this road goes a long way round ; fig.
to delay, linger, tarry; to act or speak
in a slow, drawling manner; yinina ukuba
azekelelc-iije ukwakaf why does he delay
thus in building? bazekelcla iikuvuiia,
they delayed to harvest; imitt yazekelela
ukuhliima, the trees were slow in growing.
ubu-Zekelela, ?/. 7. Dilatoriness, tardiness.
uku-Zekelelela, v. To delay much or
long.
ZB
— Zekelisa and Zekelelisa, v. To put an
example, case; to use similitudes; to give
an illustration or explanation; to com-
pare ; to speak in parables.
um-Zekelisi, n. I. One who speaks in
proverbs.
um-Zekeliso, «. 6. A similitude, parable.
uku-Zekelisela, v. To put an example to
one, to give an illustration to one.
— Zekisa,.!'. To cause to incur, involve in
(guilt), bring (danger) upon: wazenza
izviio zokiizizekisa ityala, he committed
deeds that involved him in guilt.
isi-Zekevu, «. 4. A small remainder,
nearly but not quite the half.
in-Zeku, n. 3. A piece of the skin of a buck
with the hoofs, fastened to the arm of the
one who killed it, and worn as a sign of
honour; a brave man, a hero who is
honoured by being allowed to wear many
brass rings on the arm and pieces of skin on
the ankles; fig. a banner.
um-Zeku, n. 6. The process of throwing
seeds on another person's place, with the
intent of bewitching him.
Zele, perf. of uku-Zala I. used as adj. Full.
i-Zele, n. 2. The whole stalk or stick of
sweet-cane, used mostly in plur. amazele;
the hard, reedy outside is im-Be/igu.
ubu-Zele, «. 7. Mucus.
i-Zembe, ti. 2. A piece of iron, 2 or 3 inches
broad at the edge, running to a point
which was put through a handle; an axe;
pi. amazembe, the bodyguard of a chief in
time of war.
in-Zenge, n. 3. A sickness of sheep,
characterised by a swollen neck.
ukuZengezela, v. i. To be soft, as fat or
jelly.
i-Zengezenge, n. 2. A long, tedious task,
labour or undertaking; a burden, toil; a
weariness ; a tedious speech : isifo silizenge-
zenge, the sickness is prolonged.
Zenu, poss. pron. Your. 2 p. pi. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. pi.: indlebe zenix, your ears.
(b) 4 cl. pL: izandla zenxx, your hands.
(c) 5 cl. p].: intsapo zenu, your families.
uku Zenza, Zenzisa, i-Zenzisa; see ukw-
Enza.
Zetu, poss. pron. Our. I cl. pi. ref. to
(a) 3 cl. pi.: tNkabi zetii, our bullocks,
(b) 4 cl. pL: izisu zetit, our stomachs.
(c) 5 cl. pi. : intswazi zetu, our rods.
Zi, I. pron. siibj. (a) 3 cl.pl.: inkosi ziyatandwa
ngabantu bazo, the chiefs are loved by their
people, (b) 4 cl. pi.: izitya zizele tigamanzi,
487
ZI
th« vessels are full of water, (c) 5 cl. pi. :
izinti zigauhve ndim, the laths have been cut
by me,
2. pron. obj. of the same classes: abantu
abazltandi inkosi zabo, the people do not
like their chiefs; zlzalise izitya, fill the
vessels; uzibeke ingcamba zangapmaf
how many layers did you put?
3. It expresses the copula and causal
relationship (a) of 3 cl. pi.: zbo indawo
endaiita zona, they are the matters I spoke
of; ndalunywa zizo (uiyoka), I was bitten
by them (the snakes), (b) of 4cl. pi.: z\zo
iiztya owapeka ttgazo, they are the vessels
with which you must cook; wabetwa zlzica-
ka zam, he was beaten by my servants, (c)
of 5 cl. pi.: zhidonga, they are walls; amasi
asehva zhitsana, the sour milk was drunk
by the infants.
Zi, refl. pron. for all persons and classes.
Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, etc. ;
ndiyazxtanda, I love myself; bazicita, they
scattered themselves; niyazidumisa, you
praise yourselves.
isi-Zi, «. 4. Payment for bloody crimes;
blood money; fine paid by a whole place
or tribe for an offence against the chief;
satisfaction, propitiation.
ulu-Zi, n. 5. The fine inward bast of trees
belonging to the genus Ficus, used in the
manufacture of baskets, mats and strings.
The creeper when dry is used as a fire-
stick. At Port Elizabeth the name ulu-Zi
is given to Gnidia ovalifoHa Meisn.
lim-Zi, n. 6. An assemblage of houses; a
village, town; umzi welatiga, the place
where a drinking bout takes place; the huts
of a family, hence the .family : mzi wako-
wetii, (a friendly address) my dear friends!
ukumisa umzi, to found a family ; umsi wa-
bantsundu, the native people.
Owasernzini, one of a village (unspecified
or unknown), hence a stranger, in opposi-
tion to owase-Nautsi, one of So-and-so's
village ; a stranger who is proving a friend
is thanked in the phrase: enkosi! mntivana
wasemzini! Phr. imizi ayifani, if ana nge-
ntlanii zodwa, villages are not alike except
in their cattle-kraals, i.e. each family has
its own customs.
um-Zi, Jt. 6. The middiesized intestines at the
insertion into the rectum.
um-Zi, ti. 6. A rush used for making sleeping-
mats; euphem. for the menses, when the
women sit on rushes,
ZI
isi-Zlbfi, «. 4. A rag, small piece of print or
calico; a patch; a piece or patch of land.
Phr. unilomo awubekwa siziba or umlomo
awunasiziba, lit. the mouth has no patch
before it, i.e. he is talkative, he talks at
random. Dimin. isizityana.
isi-Zibd, «. 4. A deep pool in a river. Phr.
isiziba ziviwa tigodondolo, the bottom of the
pool is reached with a long stick, i.e. don't
give in, try and try again.
um-Ziba, n. 6. used mostly in the plural. A
loose strand; a fibre of a plant.
u-Zibandlela, n. i. Em. The time from
October to November when the grass
overgrows the paths.
ukuti-Zlbatise, v. i. To assemble, come to-
gether in great numbers.
i-Zibazonde, «. 2. A butterfly.
Zibe, aux. in forming compound tenses, (a)
3 cl. pi. : inkomo zibe zisela, (contrac. bezisela)
einlanjeni, the cattle were or have been
drinking in the river, (b) 4 cl. pi. : iziposo zam
(zijbezixolelwe, my errors had been forgiven,
(c) 5 cl- pl-: intango fzi) beziya kubiywa, the
fences were going to be wattled or would
have been wattled; see uku-Ba I 2 (a).
uku-Zlbela, v. i. To go about, round and
round (as a bull round the cow) ; to have
sexual desire.
i-Zibuko, n. 2. A ford or crossing-place in
a river; a harbour on the sea-coast.
uku-Ztbula, v. i. To bear the first child:
umfazi wake wazibula tigeiikwenkwe, his wile
was delivered first of a boy; ndazibula
ngentombt, I bore first a girl ; cf. ttku-Bula.
i-Zibulo, n. 2. An animal which has given
birth to its first-born, and has not yet
born another.
ama-ZibuIo, n. 2. pi. The first-born: unyana
wamazibulo, the first-born son; intombt
yamazibulo, the first-born daughter; ndi-
ngowamazibulo, I am the first-born.
ubu-ZibuIo, H. 7. The status or right of
the first-born.
uku-Zibulela, v. To bring forth a firstling
for : ngamazibulo odiva ezintiveiii ezizito zine,
azityulelwa u-Yehova, aiigayi kungcwaliswa
mntu, only the firstling among beasts,
which is made a firstling to the Lord, no
man shall sanctify it.
in-Zica, n. 3. A kind of grass, used for
plaiting small mats.
uku-ZidIa, refl. form of uku-Dla. To strut,
boast of oneself, be conceited, proud ; to be
confidently self-satisfied: uyazidla tigam, he
is proud of me-
ZI
uku-Zika, v. i. To sink, go deep down, as a
person diving in deep water atld bringing
up anything from the bottom; fig. to get
accustomed; to get firm, to get at the root;
to go deep into a subject or case so as to
understand it in its depth, to master it
thoroughly. Phr, yazika yatsho pantsi, it did
not strike me (a blow warded off).
isi-Zikazika, n. 4. Mass, great quantity,
blackness: avtazulii azikazika ngamafu,
the heavens are overcast with black
clouds.
uku-Zikisa, v. To cut deep into, as a hoe
or plough ; fig. to make a subject clearly
understood ; to use the time properly.
^Zikiseka, v. To be sunk.
— ZJkisela, v. To sink into or for.
— Zikisisa, v. To cause to sink.
in-ZikinZane, n. 3. Soreness between the toes.
Um-Zikiziki, n. 6. A little, despicable thing;
an insignificant, unimportant person; one
without weight or character; dimin. iimziki-
zikana, a very little, etc., thing or person.
i-Ziko, n. 2. The fireplace or hearth in the
centre of the hut ; hence used for the central
portion of the hut: beka imbtza eziko, put
the pot on the fireplace ; the place of the
chief. Phr. hikela amaziko, make it known
to the nearest relations or chief families.
isi-ZikO, n. 4, The mark or impression left
from sitting or lying down; a place of
assembly.
um-Zlla, n. 6. Mark or track made by
dragging any heavy body (wagon) along
the ground; a trail, cattle track; a stripe:
inkomo enemizila, striped cattle.
uku-Zila, V. i. To abstain, refrain from taking
food: ukuzila ukudla, to fast, to abstain
from milk, which is done by women at the
time of their menses, and by people mourn-
ing over the dead; ukuzila utywala, to
abstain from intoxicating liquor; ingubo
yokuzila, mourning dress.
um-Zili, n. I. A mourner: umzili wenene,
a Good Templar.
i-Zila, «. 2. The ceremony of killing a
beast as a kind of sacrifice for one who
is dead: bayertza izila, ^hey have killed
for the dead ; i?tyama yezila must be eaten
on the spot and not carried away; an
abstainer.
i-Zilo, n. 2, isi-Zilo, «. 4."and u-Zilo, n. 5.
Abstaining, fasting, mourning; hence
temperance.
ZI
uku-Zilazila, v. i. To loiter about, tarry,
linger: umka-Lote wazilazila, Lot's wife
lingered; to hesitate; to manifest indeci-
sion.
— Zilela, V. To fast for a reason: nizilela
tihibambatia, ye fast for strife.
— Zilisa, V. To induce or cause to fast.
Zilenzi, n. 2. A black non-poisonous water-
snake.
u-Zilongo, 71. 5. Dark, liquid medicine after
having been strained.
-Zim, n. 2. A cannibal; see i-Zimu.
uku-Zimasa, v. t. pass zinyaswa. To make
firm; to fix; to strengthen; to support at a
marriage, as the best-maid supports the
bride, or to support by one's presence
those in bereavement ; fig. to confirm.
u Zimaso, «. 5. Sound wisdom.
uku-Zimaseka, v. To be firm, real, sub-
stantial.
— Zimasela, v. To make firm for.
i-Zlmba, «. 2. A single grain of corn; pi.
amazimba, Kafircorn.
in-Zimba, w. 3. One who acts indifferently.
um-Zimba, n. 6. The human body: ukubantb'
iimzimba, to brace one's body, to shudder,
to become wary; locat. etnzimbhii and
emzinjeni; dimin. umzinjana.
um-Zimbiti, n. 6. Millettia cafifra Meisn., a
tree occurring east of the Kei. Another
tree, occurring locally at East London,
Umtiza listeriana Sim, also goes by this
name.
uku-Zimela, v. i. To conceal, hide oneself:
umfatia wazimela, the youth hid himself, i.e.
disappeared; ndiyamzimela, I conceal myself
from him; ndiyazimela kuye or ngaye, 1
conceal myself at or with him.
— Zimelisa, v. To cause to be hidden or
concealed: uzinyelisiwe, he has made a
sick person to be hidden (away from the
witchcraft that is believed to be causing
his sickness).
— Zimeza, v. To conceal ; to make obscure.
uku-Zimka, v. i. To fall or sink down
gradually, as a wall, rock or wagon fallipg
over gradually, or a person in a fainting
fit ; to fall by a sliding motion, as a person
on the side of a mountain owing to the
ground giving way beneath his feet : inqwelo
yazimka pezu kivam, the wagon fell upon me.
— ZImkela, v. To fall or slide down, or
threaten to fall on a person : udonga lu-
mzimkele, the wall fell on him.
i-Zimu, «. 2. A shark; fig. a cannibal, a type
of being that figures largely in Kafir folk-
lore.
M3
489
ZI
uku-Zindaba, v. t. To cleanse the body on
the grass.
uku-Zindela, v. To commit a nuisance.
isi-Zindi, n. 4. A kind of bird.
uku-ZindIa, v. i. (a) To think or ponder
over a matter: to muse, cogitate: ndozindla,
andazi kakulu, I must think of it, I am not
sure yet ; to suppose, conjecture, allude to,
imagine; to have an idea: iiyibonile lonto,
uyizindla kodwa, kusinma? have you seen
that, or have you only an idea of it?
(b) To hint, suggest by a slight intimation ;
to suspect.
u-Zindlwa, «. l. A person who is suspected;
a suspect : waba ngozindlwa, ukuba ulisela,
he was suspected of being a thief.
isi-Zindlo, «. 4. and u-ZindIo, n. 5.
Thought, musing, cogitation.
uku-Zindlela, v. To ponder over, suppose.
Zinga, l.v.pref. of Potent, mood, (a) 3 cl.
pi.: igiisha z\ng&xelwa,X\iQ sheep may be
slaughtered, (b) 4 cl. pi.: izibane zinga-
cinywa, the candles may be extinguished,
(c) 5 cl. pi. : izintlu zokulwa zingamiselwa'
the battle may be arrayed.
2. aux. of Condit. mood, see Zinge.
3. pres. tense of uku-Nga (a) and (b).
4. neg. verb. pre/, in dependent, relative
and conditional sentences; (a) 3 cl. pi.:
kangela inkomo ukuba zingasengwa ngoku,
look that the cattle are not milked now;
imazi zinge zlnzasengwa, the cows should
not be milked; (b) 4 cl. pi.: ukuba izitya
zXnzSiqekeziva, that the vessels are not
broken; (c) 5 cl. pi.: ziphia intswazi ezinga-
lungisiweyo, where are the sticks which
have not been made right ?
Before ka, kb and na, zinga becomes zinge
bala inkomo zingekasengwa, count the cattle
before they are milked; zingapina ezinge-
kbyol how many are not present? zizipina
fzinge naniasi, which are without milk?
ama-Zinga, «. 2. pi. The rings which form
at the base of the horns of aged cattle.
uku-ZINQA, V. t. To drive, press, urge,
importune; to prompt to evil.
um-Zingi, «. I. A tormenting, obtrusive
person ; a troublesome spirit.
um-Zingane, «. i. An importunate per-
son; one who is unreliable, cannot be
trusted.
uku-Zingela, u To pursue; to hunt for
game.
um-Zingeli, n. I. A hunter.
i-Zingela, n. 2. A great hunter.
uku-Zingelela, v. To hunt for game for
one.
ZI
— ZingJsa, v. To persevere: uyazingisa
ukutandaza, he prays continually, perse-
veringly; to continue an enterprise de-
terminedly.
um-Zingisi, n. I. One who perseveres.
Phr. umzingisi akanashwa, one who per-
severes is not put to shame, slow and
sure is certain to do well.
u-Zingiso, «. 5. Perseverance,
uku-Zingabila, v. i. To delay, procrastinate,
vacillate in purpose.
uku-Zingca, reflex, form, of uku-Ngca. To
elevate, extol, esteem oneself; to be proud.
Zinge, I. aux. of Condit. Mood, 3, 4 and 5
cl. pL: inkomo z\ngQ-{zi7iga-) or nge-zisidla,
the cows would feed or ought to feed.
2. neg. verb. pref. (a) of Potent. Mood, 3,
4 and 5 cl. pi.: igusha zingexelwe (for
azingexelwe), the sheep may not be killed.
isa-Zinge, n. 4. A circular mark on the face
or round the eye caused by a blow ; a circu-
lar spot or mark on the ground, caused by
burning grass or removing the turf ; a fairy
ring on the ground ; fig. a circle, district ,•
cf. ama-Zinga.
uku-Zingeleza, v. t. To turn round, etc.; =
Zung;uleza.
in-Zinini, «. 3. Noise, = i-Nzioinini.
in-Ziniya, n. 3. A whip.
i-Zinyana, n. 2. The chickens of birds.
i-Zinyo, n. 2. A tooth; pi. amazinyo and
amenyo : ndinezinyo, I have toothache. Phr.
ndinamazinyo asibozo, I have eight teeth,
with reference to the full number of front
teeth in the lower jaw of a sheep, i.e. I am
wideawake, I am no chicken, I have my
wits about me.
ukuti-Zinzi and uku-Zinza, v. i. Of a pole
or stone, to be fixed, firm; to settle down;
fig. to sit down or live long at one place or
with another person.
isi-Zinzo, ". 4. Firmness, fixedness of an
object caused by its own weight, as a
stone which maintains its position in a
rapid stream of water; settling down
peacefully, as a bride in her new home.
uku-Zinzisa, v. To fix, make firm; to bed
a stone ; to fix a pole.
— Zinzisela, v. To fix or make firm for a
purpose: uyizinzisele ugwebo itrone yaki,
He hath prepared His throne for judg-
ment.
in-Zinziniba, = i-Nzinziniba.
in-Zinz wa, = i-Nzinzwa.
u-Zipd, n. 5. locat. eluzitshini. A talon of an
animal; the nail of a finger. Phr. ingci-
490
Zl
ngane zihlale ezimitshini, lit. the mind is in
the nails, i.e. he is sharp, bold, quick-witted.
uku-Zisa and uku-Zisela. See under uku-Za.
u-Zizi, ". 5. Dimness of objects, indistinctly
seen, (cf. u-Fifi): izibane zivuta luzizi, the
candles burn dimly; wakumbula luzizi, he
had a faint recollection.
uku-Ziziliza, v. i. Of rivulets, to be slow in
flowing ; to be dilatory, tardy.
— Zizilizlsa, w. To make slow; to drag
(a net) slowly, by starts.
Zizo, Expressing copula and causal relation-
ship of 3, 4 and 5 cl. pi. : see Zi and Zo.
Zo, contract, fr. zona, l.pron. of 3, 4 and 5 cl.
pi. It is used (a) after the possessive
particles: ahantu hazo (izizwe), the people
of them (tribes) ; ingubo zazo (intombi), the
garments of them (girls) ; ubude bazo (izi-
nti), the length of them (laths), and so on
through all classes; emphatic: abazo aha-
ntu, their people; ezazo ingubo, their gar-
ments ; obazo ubude, their length.
(b) with prepositions: bendihamba ngazo
(indlela), I walked on the roads ; amasi apa-
kati kwazo (izitya), the sour milk is in them
(vessels); impahla zabotshwa pezu kwazo
(impondo), the chattels were tied on them
(horns).
(c) following the copula, expressing cau-
sal relationship: bakatywa zizo (inkomo),
they were kicked by them (the cows; ; zizo
izonka esiteta ngazo, they are the loaves of
which we speak; zizo izinti endizifunayo,
they are the laths I look for.
2. pron. subj. of the Condit. future of the
same classes: igusha zolahleka, the sheep
will be lost ; iconka zodliiva, the loaves of
bread will be eaten ; izimvi zoha mhlope, the
gray hairs will become white.
uku-Zoba, v. t. To paint, draw.
iza-Zobe, n. 4. pi. Paintings made with
ochre on the face or on a wall.
Zodwa, adj. 3, 4 and 5 cl. pi. Alone, only:
imazi zodwa, only the cows ; ndatata ngeza-
ndla zodwa, I took only with the hands;
ndabaza ezimviko zodwa, I sharpened these
goads only ; see Dwa.
ukuti-Zole and uku-Zola, v. i. To be or keep
still, calm, tranquil ; to abate, grow calm
umoya uzolile, the wind has abated; fig. to
cease from agitation or violent feelings:
intliziyo yam izolile, my heart is at rest;
lomntu ute-zole tu, this man looks very grave,
solemn, n. 8 ukuzola, calm.
in-Zolo, «. 3. A calm. Phr. bawenza inzolo
amehlo, they looked eagerly, steadfastly,
fixedly with their eyes.
ZO
isi-ZoIane, n. 4. A quiet, grave, venerable
person who does not speak much.
uku-Zollsa, V. To make still, quiet, etc.
i-Zolo, n. 2. Yesterday; izolo elinye, the day
before yesterday; pi. amazolo, the open air,
dew, hoarfrost of evening ; ndibetwa ngama-
zolo, I am exposed to the open air or dew ;
iyawa lelezolo, it is as usual ; izonemihla and
izwenemihla, contract, of izolo netnihla,
yesterday and other days, day after day.
Pezolo, adv. Last night, yesterday evening.
Vh.v.yimb'ini yezolo yakwa-Gxuluzve, lit. it is
Gxuluwe'stwoofyesterday, i.e.saidofone
who promises to return and does not
do so.
in-Zolongo, = i-Nzolongo.
Zona, pron. emphat. of 3, 4 and 5 cl. pi. (a) subj.
They: zona (igusha) zilahlekile, they (the
sheep) have been lost; zona (izibonda) ziseko,
they (the poles) are still here; zona (intsana)
ziyalila, they (the infants) cry ; ezona zindlu
zintle, the finest houses ; ezona zicaka zitembe-
kileyo, the most faithful servants; ezona
ndonga zinkulu, the greatesfc^walls. (b) obj.
Them : ndifuna zona (izinto), I look for them
(the things); zalisa zona (izitya), fill them .
(the vessels) ; caza zona (inwele), comb it (the
hair).
uku-ZONDA, V. t. (a) To try to get at ; to
endeavour to catch or seize; to have a
strong desire for a thing : ndiyalizonda elo-
hashe, I languish with desire for that horse,
I am passionately fond of it.
(b) To hate, loathe : uyandizonda, he hates
me; ukumzonda ukufa, to hate one with
deadly hatred; uyazizonda, he abhors him-
self, he repents; undizondajito-nina umlilof
why does the fire hate me (by going out at
the very time I should have had the kettle
boiling) ? cf. uku-Lila.
um-Zondi, «. I. A hater, plotter; a hostile,
insidious person.
um-Zondwa, n. I. One who is hated, plot-
ted against.
in-Zondo, n. 3. Envy, hatred, plot, way-
laying, vindictiveness.
in-Zondonzondo, n. 3. Irreconcilableness,
implacableness.
um-Zondo, «. 6. (a) A kind of mimosa
beetle, (b) The Spanish fly, with a
strong smell.
uku-Zondana, v. To hate each other; to
be each other's enemy.
— Zondeka, v. To become hateful to
others; to be little loved; to be hostile,
inimical, irreconcilable, implacable.
491
zo
To have a hatred for or
— Zondela,
against one.
— Zondelela, v. To follow determinedly,
zealously after any object ; to endeavour,
strive, aim at ; to tend to; to go in pursuit
of: bazondelela ukutiga bangahamha, they
endeavoured to walk.
in-Zondelelo, n. 3. Zeal, striving earnestly
after something.
isi-Zondelelo, n. 4. Something earnestly
desired : isizondelelo sompefumlo wenu, the
desire of your soul.
um-Zondelelo, n. 6. Patience, endurance.
ama Zondolwane, ti. 2. pi. The tips of the
human toes: ndema ngamazondolwane, I
stood on tiptoe.
in-Zongo, = i-Nzongo.
uku-Zongoma, v. i. To roar, thunder.
in-Zongonzongo, = i-Nzongonzongo.
Zonke, adj. 3, 4 and 5 cl. pi. All: zonke izinto,
all things; zonke izitshetslie, all the knives;
zonke inkamba, all the sherds.
in-Zonzobila, = i-Nzonzobila.
uku Zota, V. t. To make nauseous, cause
vomiting.
i-Zote, w. 2. A feeling of faintness arising
from weakness ; that which causes disgust
and nausea; which frightens and causes
fainting; an abomination.
Phr. masiye ezoteni, let us go to the
loathed thing, said by the hoers when
beginning a new section of the field.
i Zot6, w. 2. The bulb oiu-Muncwane, used
for tape-worm.
isi-Zotdngo and isi-Zotdzot6, «. 4. Faint-
ness from heat or sickness.
uku-Zoteka, v. To be disgusted, nauseated,
seasick ; to feel weakness in the stomach,
attended with dizziness of the head; to
faint.
in-Zotsholo, n. 3. One who is disobedient,
obstinate; others: a spy, detective.
izi-Zozo, n. 4. pi. The foundation or source
of races.
ukuti-ZozoloIo, V. i. To disappear from
sight, as a woman among tall mealies or as
a person drowning in the river ; = ukutt-Cici-
lili.
i-Zuba, n. 2. The Olive pigeon, Columba
arquatrix Tenim., the largest South African
dove.
iidj. Blue: aniehlo azuba ibala lawo, the
colour of the eyes is blue.
i-Zubakazi and i-Zubatikazi, «. 2. A beau-
tiful woman finely dressed. i
492
ZU
uku-ZUKA, V. i. To be famous, renowned,
in honour, glorious.
u-Zuko, «. 5. Fame, renown, honour, glory.
uku-Zukisa, v. To praise, honour, exalt.
glorify.
in-Zukiso, n. 3. Glory.
uku-Zukiseka, v. To be in glory : woz'aze
ngokuziikisckileyo, he will come in glory.
in-Zukiseko, n. 3. Greatness, glory.
isi-ZukuIwana, «. 4. A generation, race,
class of men.
um-Zukulu and um-Zukulwana, n. 6. Small
offspring, descendant, grandchild : ngonyana,
of the son ; ngentombt, of the daughter.
uku-ZuIa, r. i. To run or wander about, as
a sheep or goat affected by a maggot in
the brain; fig. to be unsettled, or have
no resting place : ndiyazula, my head swims,
gets confused, giddy (after a stroke on the
head or before death) ; uyaztila, he does not
know what he says (said of one who speaks
badly of another).
isi-ZuU, n. 4. A foolish person, one not
right in his mind.
uku-Zulisa, v. To make mad, confuse:
waztilisa abnntu, he confounded the
people.
um-ZuUsi, M. I. One who confuses or
makes foolish the plan or talk of another.
i-ZuIu, n. 2. Atmosphere, air, sky, heaven :
izulu lisitile namhla, the weather is warm to-
day. Phr. iztilii limtabatile, the lightning
struck him.
Pezulu, prep, and adv. Above, upward:
pezulu kuye, above h\m; pezulu kwendlu,
high above the house; pezulu ezulwini,
above in heaven; ndakangela phulu,
I looked upward; izinto zapezulu, things
which are above.
Ngapezulu and ngokungapezulu, adv.
High above, far more, over and above.
in-Zulu, 71. 3. Blue colour, sky-blue.
in-Zulufa, n. 3. Bluish: ingubo enzulura,
a bluish garment.
in-Zululwane, 11. 3. Dizziness ; = i5/-Z««^m-
zane.
uku-Zulumba, = uku-Nzulumba.
uku-Zuma, v. i. To lie down in ambush; to
take by surprise, unawares; to fall upon
suddenly, unexpectedly : iikufa knyasizuma,
death takes us by surprise; to steal or
creep upon in the night for the purpose of
fornication.
i-Zuma, «. 2. A person who goes about
in the night intent on fornication.
zu
uku-Zumka and Zumleka, v. To be
excited in mind or heart.
ukutl-Zumbe, v. t. To dip the feet into
water.
i-Zungu, n. 2. That which is uncanny or
causes anxiety.
in-Zungu, n. 3. Depth ;-i-Nzungu.
isi-Zungu, n. 4. Anxiety, disturbance of mind,
especially of persons who have been be-
reaved; loneliness, tedium, ennui.
u-Zungu, 7(. 5, (a) The muscle or flesh on
the ribs, (b) That which is round-about,
lengthy, protracted, circuitous: indlela ilu-
znngu, the road is long ; batandaza uzwiqu,
they made long prayers
uku-Zungubala, v. i. To be in a dreaming
state, in a brown study, in reverie.
n. 8. Absence of mind.
in-Zungudebe, n. 3. A roundabout way of
speaking; circumlocution.
uku-Zungula, v. t. To whirl; to make
dizzy; to run about without having or find-
ing a home ; to wait for an opportunity of
inflicting evil; to desive dihQr = iikii-Zonda ;
pass, to be encompassed, to be menaced.
um-Zungulu, n. 6. The name given to
two climbing creepers of the genus Dal-
bergia, D. armata E.M. and D. obovata
E.M., the latter of which ultimately kills
the tree to which it clings.
uku-Zunguleza, v. t. To circle round
with velocity, e.g. the earth round the
sun; to go round a place; to move in a
circle round: niwuzunguleze umzi kanye,
and go about the city once.
isi-Zunguiezo, n. 4. Anything which is
whirled round; a whirligig.
u-Zungulezo, n. 5. A circle made in
walking or dancing.
uku-ZunguIezisa, v. To cause to move in
a circle, etc.
isi-Zunguzane, n. 4. Dizziness, giddiness.
uku-ZUZA, I. V. i. To obtain, get, gain,
acquire, earn: uyizuze pina letnali? where
did you get that money ? ndiyizuze e-Dikeni,
I got it at Alice ; hija yamzuza mnfana ngo-
mlenze, the dog got the young man by the
leg ; ndimzuzile, I have got him, i.e. I have
warded off his blow and coqie down on his in-Zwazwa,
head; fig. to reclaim.
in-Zuzo, n. 3. That which is gained; gain,
profit, earning, income ; the products of
the land; reward of labour; dim. inzuzwa-
tia, a small profit.
uku-Zuzana, v. To get, obtain, acquire,
followed by na: ndiztizene nobunzima, I
earned sufferings; wena lomtwalo wakd
wazuzana nawo vgokut'ini? how camest
thou by thy burden? to fight, contend,
wrangle, wrestle with: bazuzana nam,
they contended with me.
— Zuzeka, v. To be within reach, ob-
tainable, attainable.
— Zuzela, V. To get, obtain, acquire for;
generally in reflexive form, uku-zi-zuzela,
to obtain for oneself.
— Zuzisa, V. To help to obtain, acquire,
earn, etc. ; to profit : nyazuzisa full tigo-
kusebenza, he profits much by working.
in-Zuziso, n. 3. Means by which one
acquires, earns, etc.
uku-Zuzisana, v. To help each other to
acquire, etc.
— Zuzisela, v. To help to attain or ac-
quire for another.
uku-Zuza, II. V. i. To begin to travail ; of
labour-pains, to commence; to be in the
act of bearing.
— Zuzisa, V. To make bear or calve.
— Zuzisela, v. To watch the bearing.
um-Zuzu, n. 6. A period of time, a while:
ndahlala kona utnzuzu, I remained there for
a time; kusekumzuzu, it is already a while;
kwakuba mzuzu, after a time; dimin. umzu-
zwana, (Em. umzuzwanyana), a short time, a
little while.
ukuti-Zwaba, v. i. To be right in the midst,
as in water.
uku-Zwampa, v. Em. To sink, go down,
disappear ; — uku-Tshona.
i-Zwane, n. 2. A toe.
u-Zwane, n. 5. plur. inzwane. A toe. Phr.
ukukangela ngozwane, to look at the end of
the world.
u-Zwati, n. 5. The process of fire-making
by friction; a fire-stick. Fire is produced
by rapidly whirling a pointed stick in a
prepared groove of a second stick; saw-
dust so formed soon turns redhot and can
be blown with tinder into a flame. The
wood used for this purpose is isi-Duli and
ulu-Zi.
3. A basket (for holding
corn).
in-Zwazwa, «. 3. and u-Zwazwa, n. 5. The art
of making baskets.
um-Zwazwa, n. 6. A large basket made of
little sticks.
493
zw
ili-Zwe, contract. i-Zwe, «. 2. A country,
region, tract : ilizwe lama-Xosa, the country
of the Kafirs. Phr. ilizwe limehlo, the
country is disturbed, disquieted by war
reports ; ilizwe lifile, lit. the country is dead,
i.e. is at war ; ilizwe lixolile, the country is at
peace; utka ilizwe or izwe, you are
speaking in vain, much, often; kwatiizwe,
it happened often, always. Dimin. iltzwana.
Used as adj.: amagumbt aliUzwe or azwe,
the chambers are numerous.
isi-Zwe, n. 4. A tribe, clan, nation, people.
u-Zwedala, n. i. That which is of long stand-
ing:/^t/o »n^«2U'<?da/rt, this thing has stood
a long time (said especially of sour Kafir-
corn).
i-Zwembezl, n. 2. (a) An oyster, (b) The
muscle or flesh on the neck or about the
shoulders of a beast.
ZW
ama-Zwembezwemb^, «. 2. pi. Beating
about the bush; treacherous acts and doings.
ukuti ZwI, V. i. To have only one: xa umntu
at^-zwi umntwana wamnye, when the person
had only one.
ili-Zwi, contract. i-Zwi, n. 2. Sound, voice,
word, language : ilizim lake limnandi, thy
word is pleasant; ndeva izwi lentsimht, I
heard the sound of the bell ; atnazwi azizi-
quba, great and many words but no action,
with which one gets no further; umntu oma-
zwi maninzi, one who has the gift of speak-
ing, also o.ie who cannot be depended upon.
um-Zwil "zwili, w. 6. A kind of bird, proba-
bly the Cape canary, Serinuscanicollis^Sa>.>
in-ZwInini, n. 3. Noise, etc. ; see i-Nzwinini
and i-Nzinini.
in-Zwiniya, n. 3. A whip ; = j-Z/Mi>rt.
494
APPENDIX I.
PLACE NAMES AND PROPER NAMES.
When it is realised that every stream and hill and rock, and practically every
natural feature in Kafirland, has its native name, it will be at once recognised
that only a gazetteer could do justice to the wealth of material that waits to be
gathered. Such a gazetteer, compiled while the information is still available,
would throw valuable side-lights on the language and on the history of the
different tribes that have occupied the land. But such an ambitious undertaking
is quite beyond the scope of this appendix, which is to be regarded rather as a
compilation of the names that have come under the notice of the individual
compiler.
In conversation, place-names usually take the locative form, those which are
formed from the names of persons or from the nouns of cl. I changing u into
kwa, as kwa-Banzi, and others changing the first letter of the prefix into e, as e-
Qonce.
B
u-Bele, A mountain in the Tsolo district.
u-Belekazana and u-Belek' umntwana,
The Hogsback mountain, deriving its name
from its fanciful appearance (as seen from
the Emnyameni valley) to a woman
carrying her child on her back.
ama-Belentombi, lit. Maidens' breasts;
two conical peaks near the Tsomo river.
e-Bencuti, Shawbury.
um-Benge, A tributary of the Tsomo.
u-Bengu, A tributary of the Indwe.
em-Bihli, Dulcie's Nek.
i-BlLlKWA, A Griqua, fr. the Eng.
kwa-Banzi, A wide ford of the Keiskama : i.Binqala, A tributary of the Bir'a.
near Knapps Hope. | um-Binzana, A river in the Glen Grey
iz-Agwityi, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
iz-AzuIwana, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
um-Baca, plur. ama-Baca. One of Makaula's
tribe, an offshoot from the Zulus.
i-Badikazi, (a) A tributary of the Fish.
(b) A tributary of the Qor a.
i-Bakdla, A tributary of the Mnandi.
i-Balufa, A tributary of the Kat.
umB4nc6lo, A river of Eastern Gcaleka-
land,
i-Bangala, A tributary of the Keiskama.
kwa-Bangindlala, Mount Arthur.
u-Banzi, A tributary of the Great Kei.
um-Bashe, A river flowing into the sea
between the Kei and the Umtata.
i-Bawa, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
e-BAYI, Port Elizabeth ; fr. Du. baai.
e-Baza, Toise river.
i-Baziya, (a) A mountain between Umtata
and Engcobo.
(b) A river in Eastern Tembuland.
e-BEDE, The Moravian Mission-station Shiloh
near Whittlesea ; fr. Du. bede, (prayer).
ama-Be!e, A clan of the Abambo. '
N3 497
district.
i-Bifa, A river falling into the sea between
the Keiskama and the Buffalo.
i-BIsa or i-Bisi, A tributary of the Umzi-
mkulu.
ulu-BlSl, A tributary of the Indwe river,
called after a Dutch farmer, Lewis, who
lived there, and is said to have left at the
inroad of the Fecani in 1828; with him
were Isaac and Sybrandt, who gave names
to the Tsakana and Seplan rivers.
B
i-B6jana, A tributary of the Umgwali
(Tembuland).
em-B6kotwe, (a) A tributary of the Tsomo.
(b) A tributary of the Tsitsa.
elem-Bdkotwe, The Diamond fields.
i-BdIo, A tributary of the Great Kei.
em-B6lompenI, A mountain near the sources
of the Umtata.
i-B61otwa, A tributary (a) of the Umgwali
(Tembuland) ; (b) of the White Kei.
i-B6lwana, A tributary of the Bolo.
um-B6mb6mb6, A tributary of the
Kobonqaba.
um-Bombd wemfene, lit. The Baboon's
snout; a hill in the district of Nqamakwe.
ama-Bomvana, A tribe in Tembuland
whose chiefs are said to be descendants of
ship-wrecked Europeans.
i-Bomvana, A tributary of the Gqolonci
near its source.
em-Bonda, Mount Frere Mission-station.
i-B6nxa, A tributary of the Qor'a.
i-B6sha, A rivulet falling into the Qor'a.
um-Boxwana, A fool among the Gcalekas,
who pretended to kill people by saying:
you will die I
um-Bdya, A tributary of the Shixini river.
i-Bukazana, A rivulet falling into the
Kat river; intaha ze-Buhizaua, are two
peaks between the heads of the Tyumie
and the Keiskama.
i-Bulu, A rivulet falling into the Tyeler'a.
im-Bulu, A tributary of the Tsomo.
em-Bulu, Paterson Mission-station.
im-Bulukweza, A tributary of the Tsomo.
ama-Buruma, A small Gaika clan, that
lived formerly on the Kubusi.
i-Busi, (a) A wooded district within the
Colony on the Western coast, (b) A
river which waters it and which falls into
the Atlantic Ocean.
i-Buzayisi, A shop in K. W. T. where
people sell their worn-out garments.
i-Caba, A tributary of the Kei.
u-Caba, A small river in Western
Tembuland.
i-Cabane, A tributary of the Umzimkulu.
i-Cacadu, (a) A tributary of the Great
Kei; after its junction with the Xonxa
it is called the White Kei; Lady Frere.
(b) A tributary of the Umdiza.
i-Cala, A tributary of the Tsomo, about
three miles distant from the Gala village
um-Cambalala, The flats near Southey-
ville, so called because the ama-Gcitia
( Tembu), killed there by the Gcalekas, lay
in heaps.
498
i-Cancele, A tributary of the Tina.
i-Cap6tJ, A tributary of the Umzimvubu
(Mount Frere).
i-Cata, A mountain between Mount
Thomas and the Hogsback.
i-Cawa, The Kowie river (Port Alfred).
i-Cebe, (a) A mountain between Umtata
and Engcobo. (b) A river of Western
Gcalekaland, at Kentani.
i-CentuIi, (a) A tributary of the Kobonqa-
ba river in the Kentani district, (b) A
river of Eastern Tembuland.
i-Cef u, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
i-Cesira, A river in Peddle district.
ama-Cete, The name of a clan.
um-C6wuIa, (a) A tributary of the Zwart
Kei. (b) A tributary of the Tsomo.
i-Cibala, A tributary of the Tsomo.
i-Cibi lentonga, Breakfast-Vlei, so called
because the Kafirs had their arms taken
from them and then restored to them there
by Colonel Frazer in 1819.
i-Cicifa, A tributary of the Umtata.
kwa-Cihoshe, The lowest ford on the Fish,
within the influence of the tide. It is said
that Cihoshe, a Nqosini chief, sank under
its waters with his people and cattle while
attempting to pass, and that they became
river-people and would allow none to cross
with impunity unless they declared they
were ama-Nqosini. Phr. iiye kweyela kwa
Cihoshe or kwesika Cihoshe, he has gone down
to Cihoshe, used when a person fails to
accomplish an intended duty, or is eclipsed
in a business transaction, or when a person
or thing passes out of existence.
um-Cifa, plur. atna-Cira. A Kafir clan.
Cir'a is said to have been Tshawe's elder
brother ; but as he was stingy, and Tshawe
liberal, the people followed Tshawe.
i-Cizela, A tributary of the Bashee.
u-Cof-imvaba, River and seat of magistracy
in St. Mark's district.
i-CoIof u, Bontebokflats. Phr. itafa le-Coloru
linomlandu, kiiba ligqiba abaiitu, the Bonte-
bokflats deserve to be fined, because they
finish people (with cold or snow).
i-Coiosa, A tributary of the Bashee.
um-Cucu, (a) The source of the Gonubie,
formerly the residence of the chief Gasela.
(b) A tributary of the Qor'a, Transkei.
i-Cuiuncu, A river in the Qumbu district.
i-Culusi, A river in the Tsitsa valley.
i-Cumakala, (a) A tributary of the Kubusi;
e-Cumakala, Stutterheim.
(b) A river near Lady Frere.
i-Cumngce, A tributary of the Umtata;
e-Cumngce, Buntingville.
ulu-Cwe, A river in the Engcobo district.
u-Cwebe, A great forest East of the
Bashee.
i-Cwecwe, A tributary of the Umgwali
(Tembuland).
i-Cwencwe, A tributary of the Buffalo.
i-Cwengcwana, A little rivulet near Em-
gwali Mission-station.
i-Dabadaba, Tributary of the Nahoon.
u-Daka, A rivulet falling into the Fish.
in-Dakana, A tributary of the Tsomo
river, in the Nqamakwe district.
u-Dakana, A tributary of the Kubusi, near
Stutterheim.
u-Dala, The head of the ama-Dala clan.
um-Dala, A tributary of the Kat river.
u-Daiidipu, The superior god of Makanda
or Nxele (Links). According to Nxele,
Dalidipu was the god of the coloured race,
a distinct being from Tixo the god of the
Europeans. Dalidipu was considered the
superior being, Tixo being only an inkosana.
Dalidipii's one wife had very long pendant
breasts; she resided in the reservoir of
heaven and bestowed rain at pleasure on
the earth ; when she turned away her face
from men, no rain fell. Their son was
Tayi.
Nxele taught that Dalidipu did not reckon
fornication and adultery as sins and that he
allowed polygamy ; he further taught that
th« Kafirs had no sins whatever except
witchcraft, but that the Europeans had
many and great sins. Nxele taught that
Dalidipu would punish Tixo and all his
worshippers, and that he himself was Dalidi-
pii's agent to destroy all Europeans as
enemies of Dalidipu, and to resuscitate all
coloured people who had died as well as all
slaughtered and dead cattle.
kwa-Daliwe, (a) A well-known cave on the
Thorn river. All bushmen paintings are
known as Daliwe. (b) The Thorn river, a
tributary of the Thomas, near the Windvo
gelberg.
imi-Dange, A tribe formerly ruled by
Mdange, the younger brother of Hlcke by the
same mother, both being sons of Tshiwo,
the great Xosa chief. The most renowned
chiefs of the imi-Dange were Botoman and
Tola.
um-Dantsana, A rivulet nsar East London.
e-Dauwa, A hill near bebe Nek.
Debe, A tributary on the left bank of the
Keiskama; e-Debe, the fiat lying under the
shadow of Ntaba kandoda.
i-Debefa, A tributary of the Qor'a.
. or kwa-zi-Denge, The right tributary of
the Kubusi.
in-Denxa, The Pot river, a tributary of
the Tsitsa, so called from the round
holes in one or more of its fords.
i-Didima, A stream coming out of the
mountain between the great Winterberg
and the Katberg.
ama-Dlkani, The Mfecane of Ncapayi, called
after his father u-Madikana, who was
killed by the Tembu chief Ngub'encuka and
the British troops.
e-Dikeni, Lovedale Seminary; Alice.
isi-Dikidiki, The location of Somerset
East.
um-Dikido, Fort Jackson, so called from
a stream which runs into the R'wantsa.
in-Dlyane, A tributary of the Kobonqaba.
um-Diza, The Green River, a tributary of
the Keiskama.
i-Dladia, One of the ama-Dladla or first
Fingos who came to Kafirland tattered
and wearing fantastic things.
in-Dlovukazi, lit. female elephant. The
title of the Swazi queen.
i-Donqaba, A river near Frankfort in King
William's Town district.
u-Dontsa, Dacre's Hill between Stutterheim
and Keiskama Hoek.
Dube, A rivulet falling into the Keiskama.
esi-Dutyini, St. Mark's.
isi-Dwadwa, A tributary of the Tsitsa.
in-Dwana, A tributary to the Indwe.
in-Dwe, A. tributary of the White Kei.
u-Dwesa, A forest in Western Gcalekaland.
i-Dywahele, A rivulet falling into the
Tocwa, or Blinkwater.
isi-Fononondile, A tributary of the Tsomo.
um-Fula, (a) A tributary of the Tsomo.
(b) A river in Eastern Gcalekaland.
ulu-Futa, A tributary of the Tsomo.
u-Qaga, A tributary of the Tyumie.
um-Gagasi, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
u-Qahe, (said to be contrac. from u-Gemashe
or u-Giyamashe),=^u-hili or u-TlMoshe.
u-Qambushe, A rirulet flowing into the
Pirie river.
isi-Qangala, A river of Western Gcaleka-
land.
e-Qangqeni, Philipston.
u-Qasela, A chief of the Ndlambe tribe.
kwa-Qatyana, Willowvale in Gcalekaland,
499
G
um-Qazi, A river south of the Umzimvubu.
u-Qcaleka, The grandfather of the para-
mount chief Hintsa, whose father was
Kauta.
ama-Qca!eka, The tribe of Gcaleka,
kwa-Qcaleka, Gcalekaland.
i-Qcebula, A river in the Peddie district.
ama-Qcina, A Tembu tribe.
i-Qcuwa, A tributary of the Great Kei;
e-Gciiwa, the town of Butterworth.
um-Qcwe, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
u-Qele, A mountain range on the boundary
of Natal, near Kokstad.
i-Qezana, Fleet ditch, in King William's
Town.
i-QoboIokondwane, Title given to the
chief Mditshiva.
kwa-Qomp6, n. I. Cove Rock, the rock in
the sea near East London, to which NxeJe
ordered the ama-NJlanihe to rouse them to
war against the English. He told them
that if they would hop on one foot on the
shore and cry Tayi! Tayi! they would see
the dead rise; see u-Dalidipn.
i-Guluguqu, A tributary of the Gonubie
river.
i-Gulukuqawe, A small stream, coming
out of the Gwali mountain.
i-GunguIuiu, A river in "Western Pon-
doland.
um-Gungundlovu, The Zulu name for the
chief's great place, wherever it may be;
Makaula's great place in the Mount Frere
district is so called; Pietermaritzburg, in
Natal. (Taken from the trumpeting of
elephants, used by the Zulus and Bacas at
the chief's place).
i-Gwaba, A river near East London.
i-Gwadana, A river of Eastern Gcaleka-
land.
i-Gwadu, A river of Eastern Gcalekaland.
i-Gwali, The right tributary of the Tyumie
river, on which the Tyumie Mission-station
was situated.
um-Gwa!i, (a) A tributary of the Bashee;
em-Gwali, Clarkbury. (b) A tributary of
the Kubusi ; em-Gzvali, Tiyo Soga's Mission-
station.
in-Qonyama, A tributary of the Tsomo ; in-Qwangwane, A river on the boundary
River, so called from a lion that was shot
there in l858.
i-Goqwana, A tributary of the Xokonxa.
i-Gosi, A great forest in Bomvanaland.
i-Goso. A tributary of the Qumanco (Tembu-
land) ; the St. Alban's Mission.
in-Gqaba, A tributary of the Goso, in
Tembuland.
u-Gqadushe, The Kafir name of the old
missionary Kayser; kiva-Gqadushe, Mr
Kayser's station, Knapp's Hope.
um-Gqakwebe, The Pirie river, a tributary
of the Buffalo.
in-Gqeqe, A tributary of the R'abula.
i-Gqili, The Orange river or Gariep.
i-Gqolonci, A tributary of the Kubusi.
kvva-Gqubushane, A small stream in the
Cwencwe valley.
e-Gqugesi, BUnkwater.
u-Gqumahashe, A tributary of the Tyumie.
i-Gqunube, The Gonubie river flowing into
the sea between the Nahoon and the
Kweler'a.
ama-Gqunukwebe, One of the Kafir tribes
(Pato's).
e Gqurhura, A tributary of the Buffalo.
i-Gubenxa, A tributary of the Bashee.
isi-Gubudu, A tributary of the Tsomo.
elu-Gudwini, Booma Pass.
u-Gula-ndoda, A mountain between Umta-
ta and Engcobo.
of Natal.
kwa-Gwanugwanu, A forest in the Cwe-
ncwe valley. King William's Town.
i-Gwatyu, A tributary of the Zwart Kei.
um-Gwebi-nkumbe, A son of Sigcau.
ama-Gwelane, The tribe of the chief Anta.
in-Gwenkala, A tributary of the Kweler'a.
in-Gxakaxa, A tributary of the Nqabar'a
river. The Idutywa magistracy.
-Gxara, (a) A river near the coast to the
East of the Kei mouth.
(b) A small river in the Idutywa Reserve.
in-Qxokolo, The first name of King William's
Town. See the Dictionary.
-Gxonde, Name of the mountain, in the
Lady Frere district, to which the Tembus
fled m time of war ; also called ii-Zingxondo.
em-Gxotyeni, A rivulet to the South of the
Debe, on which Ndlambe had an outpost
for cattle.
i-Gxulu, A tributary of the Keiskama.
i-Qxwaba, A tributary of the Fish.
i-Gxwetef a, = i-Xwadcra.
e-Hala, The first dip or ravine to the East of
King William's Town. Phr. kud'e-Hala,
lit. it is far to the Hula, i.e. you will have to
run far before you can escape me; liamb'uye
e-Hala, go where you like, I will no longer
have anything to do with you!
ama-Hala, Another name for the chief tribe
of theaba-Tembii.
500
H
The ama-Tshatshu, ntna-Ndungwane, and
ama-Gcina are aha-Teinhu but are not ama-
Hala,
u-Hange, A tributary of the Nconcolor'a.
i-Hebehebe, A tributary of the Tsomo.
e-Hewu, The fiat tract of country between
Kamastone and St. Marks; Kamastone.
At present the name is generally used to
signify plateau, high tableland. (The word
seems to signify a pleasant country.)
u-Hewukile, The Klaas Smit river, a tribu-
tary of the Kei.
u-Hill, According to Kafir superstition a
mischievous being, living usually in the
water, whereto he was banned for his love
intrigues. He is represented as a dwarf,
having a tail and sometimes thick set hair,
who goes about playing tricks on people.
Hili's other names are Gahe and T'lkoloshe.
Women are said to be fond of him, because
he acts as a philtre for them, i.e. procures
love for them. Unohilikazi, was used in
reference to an old Kafir who had never
married.
ama-Hintsati, Hottentots.
um-Hlabati, A tributary of the Tsitsa,
ubu-Hlalu, The residence of the chief of the
imi-Dushane.
ama-Hlambeli, The Bechuana.
um-Hlanga, (a) Dordrecht, also Kafirised
i-Dodolor'a. (b) Hertzog.
u-Hleke, The elder brother of Mdange and
ancestral chief of the atna-Hleke.
i-Hlobo, A hill and river in the N. E. part
of the District of Nqamakwe,
um-Hlonyane, (a) A river flowing into the
sea between the Bashee and the Umtata,
(b) A tributary of the Bolo.
isi-Hoboti, A small rivulet near Wartburg
Miss^lfe-station.
i-Hohita, A tributary of the Kei, where the
chiet Sar'ili lived.
kwa-Hoho, The mountain above the Pirie
Mission-station.
i-Hota, A tributary of the Tsomo.
e-Huhudi, Vryburg.
i-Hukuwa, A tributary of the Zwart Kei
river (Kamastone); pronounced by some
i-Wukuwa,
i-Jadu, A river near the Gqugesi.
in-Jeke and in-Jekezi, Tributaries of the
Xilinxa.
um-Jika, A tributary of the Umtata.
u-Jllo, A tributary of the Kubusi.
ama-Jingqi, Name of the chief Maqoma's
people, from his ox Jingqi.
i-Jojo, A tributary of the Buffalo river near
the mountains, = u-Ntlentle.
i-Joko, A name applied to the ama-Mbalu
tribe, because thev remained neutral during
the war between Ngqika and Ndlambe.
-Jujura, A river in Eastern Gcalekaland,
falling into the sea between the Qor'a and
Shixini rivers.
u-Kabakazi, A tributary of the Qor'a in
Western Gcalekaland.
i-Kadi, A man of the Bechuana tribe.
ezin-Kahlambeni, The Drakensbergen,
North west of Natal, stretching as far west
as Barkly East and the head of the Tsomo.
u-Kalo Iwenyanga, A mountain near
Engcobo.
elu-Kalweni, Debe Nek.
kwa-Kama, At the chief Kama's place, i.e.
Annshaw, Middledrift.
i-Kamanga, A forest near Xukwane.
u-Kambe, A tributary of the Umtata.
i-KandIa and in-KandIa, A peak in the
Drakensberg.
in-Kangala, A tributary of the Tsomo in
Tembuland.
um-Kangiso, A tributary of the Buffalo;
em-Kangiso, Mount Coke.
ulu-Kanji, Hangklip, a mountain in the
Queenstown district.
e-KAPA, Cape Town, fr. Du. Kaap.
um-Kapusi, A river in the Glen Grey district.
i-Kataia, The Kat river settlement; Seymour.
ama-Kesa, One of the Fingo clans.
i-Kinifa, A tributary of the Umzimvubu.
isi-K6ba, (a) A tributary to the Umgwali
river (Tembuland). (b) A branch of the
Nconcolor'a river, (c) Hanover, (d) Esikobe-
ni, in the Wodehouse Forest.
i-K6bodi, A tributary of the Kei.
in-Kobongo, A tributary of the Nahoon.
i-Kdbonqaba, (a) The Koonap, a tributary
of the Great Fish ; Adelaide.
(b) A river in Western Gcalekaland.
u-Komani, The tributary of the Klaas Smit
river on which Queenstown stands ; A'zt^a-
Kotnani, Queenstown.
i-Kowa, The Slang river; the town and
district of Elliot in Tembuland.
em-KubJso, Burnshill Mission-station.
i-Kubusana, The little Kubusi river, tribu-
tary of the Kubusi.
i-Kubusi, A tributary of the Kei, in the
Division of Stutterheim.
ulu-Kuko, see kiva-Lukuko.
u-Kundu!u, A range of mountains in the
Glen Grey district, from which a small
stream takes its name.
501
um-Kutuka, A river and mountain near the
Gwatyu.
izi-Kwababa, A tributary of the Nahoon.
i-Kwelera, A river which runs into the sea
between the Gonubie and the Kei.
i-Kweiefana, A tributary of the Pirie river.
i-Kwenxufa, A river in the Komgha district.
um-Kwlnti, A tributary of the Tsomo in
the Transkei.
i-Lambaso, A river East of St. John's River
mouth, near which the Grosvenor was
wrecked.
i-Lanti, A tributary of tlie Indwe.
kwa-Lehana, Fletcherville.
ubu-Lembu, A tributary of the Tshoxa.
i-Lenye, A forest near Keiskama Hoek.
i-Ligwa, The Vaal river, Barkly West.
ama-Lindi and ama-Linde, Cupshaped
indentations in the ground found near
King William's Town and elsewhere.
um-Lola, A ford in the Bashee.
aba-LoIweni, The Barolong, a native tribe
of Bechuanaland and Thaba Nchu, O.F.S.
i-Lota, A tributary of the Bashee, in the
Idutywa District.
i-Lotana, A tributary of the Tsitsa.
kwa-Lukuko, Yellowwood's river, Fort
Beaufort.
i-Lunda, A hill between the Transkei and
Tembuland.
u-Luvukuvu, A hill on the East bank of
the Tsomo river, so called from a Fingo
who lived there in Hintsa's time.
u-Lwandlane, A tributary of the Mngqesha.
u-Mabululu. A ford in the Kei river.
u-Macibi, A left tributary of the Chalumna.
e-Macubeni, The head of the Imvane river.
u-Madama, A petty Kafir chief, see ama-
Mbambo.
kwa-Magutywa, A location near Tsolo
mountain.
kwa-Makabalekile, A steep ascent from
the Debe in the direction of Burnshill.
u-Makanda, Surname of the Kafir prophet
Nxele.
u-Makwababa, A tributary of the Umgwali
(Western Tembuland).
kwa-Malangazana, The flat between St.
Mark's and Bolotwa.
i-Mandi, The Little Fish river, a tributary
of the Great Fish.
u-Manyube, A forest in the Kentani
District.
u-Manzl-mdaka, A tributary of the Tsomo,
in the Xalanga District.
M
u-Mapasane, A river in the Willowvale
District.
kwa-Maqukanya, A drift on the Pirie river.
u-Matishe, A rivulet flowing into the
Nkosiane.
kwa-Mat6le, A tributary of the Keiskama
and the mountain range near it.
ama-Maya, A Tembu tribe, reigned over
by Mnyibeshe, which was driven out in
Ndaba's time and took refuge with Palo.
izi-Mbaba, A tributary of the Chalumna.
ama-Mbalu, The tribe of the Kafir chief
Umbahi.
ama-MbamL6, The tribe of the chief u-
Madama, who formerly lived at Pato's
kraal near Beresford.
aba-Mb6, The Natives of the districts east-
ward of the Umtata. The Fingos, as
coming from those parts, are commonly
called by this name. They are sometimes
called abasentla kivendlela.
e-Mbo, in the North-east ; Fingoland.
u-Memela, A section of the Bele Fingos
who were originally Basutos, and went to
Zululand before Tshaka's time.
i-Mendu, A river of Eastern Gcalekaland.
i-Mevana, A river of Eastern Gcalekaland.
ama-Mfene, A clan widely scattered
amongst the various native tribes.
ama-Mfeiigu, The ¥'mgos, -aba-Mbo; see
i-Mfengu in Dictionary.
u-Mnandi, A tributary of the Keiskama.
e-Mngcamngenl. A location under Ntaba-
kandoda.
e-Mngqesha, A tributary of the Pirie.
e-Mnyameni, (a) Alexandria, (b) A valley
lying under the Hogsback.
e-MONTI, East London, fr. Du. mond.
e-Mpofu, Seymour.
ama-Mpondo, The Pondo tribe.
ama-Mpondomse, The PondomiSi tribe.
i-Munyu, A tributary of the Bashee in the
Idutywa District.
u-Napakade, Charles Brownlee.
e-Ncambedlana, A tributary of the Nca-
mbele.
e-Ncambele, A tributary of the Umtata.
u-Ncayeclbi, The Fingo at whose kraal
the beer-drink was held where the Gcalekas
and the Fingos quarrelled. This quarrel
led to the Gcaleka outbreak of 1877.
u-Ncaza, Readsdale.
um-Nceba, A tributary of the Urazimvubu.
i-Ncehana, A tributary of the Bashee.
i-Ncemema, A tributary of the Kei.
i-Ncememe, The Mema, a left tributary of
the Keiskama.
N
i-Ncemefa, The Yellowwood river, a left
tributary of tiie Buffalo (King William's
Town division).
e-Ncemera, Peelton Mission-station.
i-Ncefa, A tributary of the Tyumie.
i-Nciba, The Great Kei; the name includes
also the Zwart Kei.
e-Ncise, Ross Mission-station.
i-Ncisininde, A tributary of the Tsomo in
the Transkei.
i-Nc6bo, (a) A tributary of the Umgwali
river, Tembuland; loc. e-Ncbho.
(b) A tributary of the Imvani.
(c) A tributary the Kubusi river.
u-Ncokoca, A small peak on a spur of the
Amatola range, behind the township of
Stutterheim.
e-Ncolosi, St. Cuthbert's Mission-station.
i-Nc6nc6lof a, A tributary of the Tsomo.
i-Nc6ra, A tributary of the Qumancu (Te-
mbuland).
izi-Ncuka, (a) A tributary of the Keiskama.
(b) A tributary of the Kei.
(c) A tributary of the Tyinir'a.
(d) A tributary of the Nahoon.
i-Nculu, (a) A tributary of the Gonubie.
(b) A tributary of the Tsomo.
i-Ncwama, Baviaans river.
i-Ncwazi, (a) A tributary of the Nqamakwe.
(b) A tributary of the Keiskama.
i-Ncwenxa, The Kat river.
u-Ndabakazi, Left tributary of the Toleni
river in the Transkei.
i-Ndakana, (a) A tributary of the Tsomo
in the Transkei.
(b) A tributary of the Kei.
ama-Ndebeie or ama-Tebele, The Matabele,
Mzilikazi's or Lobengula's people; said to
mean naked people.
u-Ndindwa, A tributary of the Xalar'a.
u-Ndlambe, A Kafir chief, whose tribe is
the ama-Ndlamhe.
kwa-Ndlovukazi, Lesseyton.
u-Ndlu-nkulu, A mountain in Eastern
Tembuland.
u-Ndlu-zitshile, Van Staden's river, so
called from the great fire in 1869.
um-Nduku, plur. abe-Nduku. One of the
Basuto tribe.
um-Nga, A right tributary of^the Inxu.
um-Ngcangatelo, The name of Umlau's ox.
i-Ngcingane, A tributary of the Kobonqaba
in Kentani District.
i-Ngcingwane A tributary of the Nqabar
river, in Idutywa District.
kwa-NgcongoIo, Readsdale.
503
N
ama-Ngcweleshe, The chief Kona's people.
um-Ngomanzi, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
e-Ngqeleni, Coldstream.
u-Ngqika, The name of Sandile's father
Gaika.
ama-Ngqika, The tribe called by the English
Gaikas. Phr. namlilanje ningama-Ngqika,
you are Gaika-Kafirs to-day (said to a
company of men hiding in the lee of the
cattle-kraal on a windy day).
i-Ngqoko, n. 3. Right tributary of the
Buffalo.
u-Ngqoza, The crest of the mountain in
front of Pirie mission-station.
i Ngqiibusi, Umtata.
i Ngqukaqana, Draaibosch.
e-Ngqushwa, Peddie, the town and the
Division.
ama-Nguni, (a) The Embo clan ama-Keszva,
cf. A-Ngoni. (b) Tribes that live in the
West, the name given to the ama-Xosa by
the Pondos and Pondomise.
ama-Ngwana, A clan to be found among
the Tembus, Fingos and Basutos.
u-Ngwanya, A Pondomise chief: isiziba
sika-Ngwanya, a deep pool in the Tina
river in which this chief was buried many
years ago. His body was fastened to
stakes driven in beneath the surface.
Pieces of meat are still occasionally
thrown in, the Pondomise saying, Ngwanya
is hungry.
i Ngxakaxa, A tributary of the Nqabar 'a in
the Idutywa District; hence the town of
Idutywa.
u-Nkebenkebe, A great, renowned hero of
old (a fabulous person).
u-Nkonkobe, The great Winterberg.
kwa-Nkosiane, A tributary of the Mngqesha,
Pirie.
u-Nogqazo, Said to have been a daughter
of Palo. To the present day among the
Gcalekas a certain kraal with cattle in it
bears the name of Nogqazo. This kraal
was a sanctuary for any person condemned
to death, if only he could reach it. Some-
times also the sentence went forth, Nogqazo
says, "So-and-so is bewitchiug the people,
let him be put to death". From this there
was no escape.
u-Nojaholo, The son of Hali, one of Gaika's
chief councillors. He was of the Cir'a clan,
chief Oba's councillor and the greatest
Kafir humourist.
u-Nomaheya, A tributary to the Xilinxa
in the Nqamakwe District.
N
u-Nomsa, The mother of Sarili.
u-Nonca, The daughter of Qela Nginza,
petty chief of the imi-Dange.
u-Nongqause, The girl who pretended to
be in communication with the spirits of
dead Kafir-chiefs, and who caused the
cattle-killing mania in 1856.
u-Nonkosi, The girl who, along with
Nougqause, deluded the Kafirs in 1856.
i-Nono, The Western side of the Kei.
u-Nontongwane, The Katberg, espec. the
Waterkloof there.
u-Noqifi, A perennial spring in the centre
of Pirie Mission-station.
kwa-Nozidwaba, Bushmanshoogte, near
Sterkstroom.
um-Nqaba, A tributary of the Keiskama.
i-Nqabane, A tributary of the Bashee, in
the Idutywa District.
i Nqabafa, A river in the Willowvale
District, flowing into the sea about 12 miles
West of the Bashee mouth.
e-Nqabara, Duff Mission-station.
i-Nqabafana, A river in the Willowvale
District, near the Nqabar'a.
i-Nqabaza, A tributary of the Keiskama.
i-Nqadu, (a) A tributary of the Umtata. (b)
A river in the Willowvale District; the
Malan Mission.
i-Nqamakwe, A river at the sources of the
Gcuwa; the division and village of Nqa-
makwe.
i-Nqantosl, A tributary of the Kubusi.
isi-Nqenqe, Fort Beaufort.
i-Nqolo, A tributary of the Great Fish.
i-NqoIosa, A tributary of the Kei, and a
mountain at its source.
i-Nqolowa, A tributary of the Keiskama.
ama-Nq6sinl, (a) Hottentots, (b) A Kafir
clan.
ama-Nqosoro, Hottentots.
e-Nquba, Old Bunting.
i-Nqula, A tributary of the Kei.
i-Nqumeya, A river close to the Keiskama. ,
i-Nququ, A tributary of the Tsomo.
i-Nququka-M]embu, The young ox which |
Gasela captured from the Basuto, and which ;
would not race and was therefore killed. j
i-Nqushunqeya, The Moravian Mission- j
station of Enon, near Uitenhage. j
i-Nqutura, A tributary of the Tor'a, in the \
Engcobo District.
um Nqwazi, Tafelberg, a mountain between i
the Zwart Kei and Tarkastad, at the
western edge of the Queenstown Division,
i-Nqweba, The Sunday river. i
N
i-Nqwebeba, Horton, near Peddie.
u-Ntab'enkulu, lit. the great mountain.
A mountain in Pondoland.
u-Ntab'uduH, A mountain between Mount
Fletcher and Qurabu, so called from the
wild bamboos (u-Duli) growing on it.
ama-Ntakwenda, A Gaika clan.
ama-Ntinde, The tribe of Jan Tshatshu.
u-Ntlaka, A tributary of the Cacadu.
i-Ntlambe, A tributary of the Gcuwa, in the
Butterworth District.
u-Ntlantle, A tributary of the Buffalo.
u-Ntsengatumbu, A tributary of the Go-
nubie.
u-Ntseshe, A tributary of the Xilinxa.
u-Ntsikana, The first Kafir convert and
prophet, who lived at the beginning of the
nineteenth century.
i-Ntsimbakazi, A river in the Willowvale
District.
i-NtsJt6, A tributary of the Kei, in the
Tsomo District.
ama-Ntsusa, The clan of the chief Nukwa.
u-Ntu, The legendary first chief, or common
ancestor of the Bantu peoples.
u-Ntunjenkala, The Gatberg, near Maclear.
um-Ntu-ntloni, Euphemistic name for i-
Qoyi, a mountain at the source of the
Umgwali (Tembuland) ; a famous resort of
hunters in olden times ; if the name of Qoyi
was uttered, rain fell immediately, hence
those who hunted there called it nmntu-
tiiloui, cf. in-Tio:ii.
u-Nwele, (l) The Klipplaats, a tributary of
the Zwart Kei river.
(2) The Shiloh Mission-station.
izi-Nxaku or izi-Nxago, A tributary of the
Tsitsa.
i Nxafunl, The Nahoon river.
i-Nxaxa, A tributary on the right side of the
Fish,
um-Nxe, A tributary of the Tsomo, in the
Xalanga District.
u-Nxele, The false prophet, who instigated
the Kafirs in 1818 to make war against the
English. He died a captive on Robben
Island, 25 December, 1819. His other
name was Mahanda.
Phr. hikuza kuka-Nxele, it is the coming of
Nxele (who never returned from banish-
ment), i.e. deferred hope.
i-Nxinx6lo, A river near Mooiplaats in the
Komgha District.
i-Nxozana, A tributary of the Zwart Kei,
i-Nxu, The Wildebeest river, a tributary of
the Tsitsa, in the Tsolo District.
5^4
N
i-Nxuba, The Great Fish river.
i-Nxukwebe, The river on which Healdtown
Mission-station is situated.
i-Nxutyana, A river flowing into the sea in
the Willowvale District.
i-Nyalasa, A tributary of the Tsomo, in the
Xalanga District.
um-Nyaluza, The betrayer of the chief
Gaika.
i-Nyanga, The moon-shaped neck in the
mountain-ridge south of Engcobo; All
Saint's Mission-station.
i-Nyafa, (a) The Kaga river, a tributary of
of the Great Fish ; e-Nyara, Bedford.
(b) A tributary of the Kei.
e-Nyati, Schietfontein, Carnarvon, Murrays-
burg.
i-Nyatydfa, A left tributai-y of the Chalu-
mna.
u-Nyengana, Lit. one who has appeared as
if by accident. Van der Kemp, the first
Kafir Missionary, 1799. He died 181 1.
i-Nyidlana, A tributary of the Tsomo, in the
Nqamakwe District.
i-Nyikima, The great earthquake of 1851.
um-NyoIo, A mountain between Umtata
and Engcobo.
i-NyuIula, A tributary of the T»omo, in the
Nqamakwe district.
i-Nywara, A tributary of the Idutywa.
um-Nzimvubu, The St. John's river = ?<?«-
Zimvubu.
um-Nzwi welanga, Rarabe's renowned ox^
hence, bantu basemnzivini , is an honourable
term, by which Gaikas and Ndlambes are
addressed.
em-Pafana, The Mooi river.
u-Palo, The father of Gcaleka and Rar'abe.
His grave is on the right bank of the
Kubusi near its junction with the Kei.
u-Papasi, A tributary of the Indwe.
esi-Paqeni, Flagstaff.
Pesheya kwe-Nciba, The Transkei.
em-Petii, A hill in the Division of Komgha ;
Fort Warwick.
e-Peuleni, (a) A tributary of the Intlaka.
(b) A rivulet falling into the Qibir'a
river; Perksdale.
um-Pintsho, The left tributary of the
Chalumna in the East London district.
um-Pondo, A Porido: one of the atna-
um-Pondomse or um-Pondumse, One of
the ama-Mpondomse.
im-Pongo, Maclean Town.
03
e-PuIu, Locality unknown, but figuring in
an old Kafir Phr. kuse Ptdti apa, which was
used by a person arriving at a kraal when
feasting was on; there is a great
spread here.
izi-Punzana, A right tributary of the
Chalumna.
i-Qaco, A left tributary of the Gqolonci.
i-Qagqiwa, A river near Bethelsdorp.
i-Qaka, A mountain between Umtata and
Engcobo.
elu-Qala, Bamboospruit.
u-Qamata, = u-Tixo. Phr. Sekukokiika-Qamata,
God knows 1
e-Qanda, (a) A conical hill near Tsolo.
(b) Two small round-topped hills, between
Debe Nek and Middledrift.
em-Qanduli, The mountain in Tembuland
from which the Magistracy there takes its
name.
i-Qanqaru, The Mooi river, a tributary of
the Tsitsa ; e-Qanqaru, Maclean
i-Qanqu, A tributary of the Tina.
i-Qauka, (a) A river near Bathurst.
(b) A tributary of the Keiskama.
e-Qaukeni, Several places in the Eastern
Province and in East Griqualand are so
called.
em-Qekezwenl, Tembuland.
i-Qengqeleka, A tributary of the Tor'a in
Tembuland.
i-Qeqe, A tributary of the Kei in the Butter-
worth district.
i-Qibifa, A left tributary of the Keiskama.
i-Qina, A tributary of the Kei in the
Kentani district.
esi-Qitini, Robben Island.
i-Qitsi, A tributary of the Qumanco in
Tembuland.
i-Qiwa, A river near Uitenhage.
e-Qobonqaba, Columba Mission-station.
kwa-Qoboqobo, Keiskama Hoek.
{-{^ohX, -i-Qoyi.
em-Qokolweni, (a) A tributary of the Tsitsa.
(b) A tributary of the Umtata.
(c) Wesleyville Mission-station.
i-Qolofa, (a) A river in the Kentani
District, Transkei, flowing into the sea.
(b) A left tributary of the Gonubie.
i-Qonce, (a) The Buffalo river; e-Qonce,
King William's Town, (b) Balfour.
um-Qonci, A tributary of the Tor'a in
Tembuland.
u-Qongwe. A tributary of the Lwandlana.
i-Qoqodala, A tributary of the White-Kei
in Tembuland.
505
i-Qofa, (a) Bushmans river; c-Qora, Alice-
dale, (b) A river between the Kentani and
Willowvale Districts.
i-Qoyl, (a) The Kowie river, a tributary of
th3 Koonap.
(b) A tributary of the Umgwali river
(Tembuland) ; see iitn-Ntu-nUoni.
i-Qugqwala, A tributary of the Chalumna.
i-Qugqwafu, A tributary of the White Kei.
i-Qutnanco, Tributary of the Umgwali in
Tembuland.
u-Qumbu, A village and division of East
Griqualand.
i-Qumfa, A right tributary of the Kei; e-
Qiimra, the town and division of Komgha,
which took its name from the red clay mines
in that neighbourhood.
e-Qunube, Blaney Junction, Cape Province.
i-Qutuba, A tributary of the Xuka.
i-Qwaninga, A tributary of the Qor'a in
the Willowvale district.
i-Qwanti, Tributary of the Kei in the
division of Stutterheim.
ama-Qwati, A Tembu clan, said to be
originally Xesibe.
e-Qwebebeni, Horton.
i-Qwebeqwebe, A tributary of the Qitsi
in Tembuland.
e-Qxvebeqwehe , Main Mission-station.
ama-Qwelana, The Nama or Namaqua tribe.
ama-I^abe, A general term for Congregation-
alists and Presbyterians.
i-^abuia, A tributary of the Keiskama.
u-^alara, A rivulet flowing into the
Mzintshane.
i-^amfa, A tributary of the Bashee in the
Willowvale District.
ema-Ranugeni, Shietfontein in Carnarvon
Division, where Kafirs settled to avoid war
with Ndlambe; Murra3'-sburg, Victoria
West and Carnarvon collectively.
u-Rarabe, The son of Palo, the father of
Ndlambe and grandfather of Ngqika.
ama-I^afabe, a name given to the X6sa tribes,
excluding the ama-Gcaleka.
e-R'AUTINl, The Goldfields.
i-l^ilifa, A tributary of the Izeli.
e-^ini, Grahamstown.
i-^ode, I. The plateau between St. Mark's and
Kamastone, the same as i-Hewii.
2. The name of small streams flowing into
(a) the Buffalo, (b) the Gqolonci, (c) the
White Kei, (d) the St. John's.
i-I^oza, A tributary of the Tsitsa.
um-Rugwane, (a) The Caledon river.
(b) A tributary of the Umtata.
i-Ruru, A tributary of the Great Fish near
Trompeter's drift.
i-Rwantsa, A tributary of the Nahoon.
i-Rwantsana, A river near Fort Beaufort
(Blinkwater). (b) Tributary of the Indwe.
e-^waqele, A tributary of the Cwencwe.
e-Rwarwa, Macfarlan Mission-station.
u-Rwexu, Satan.
ama-l^wexu, At the time of the 1851 Kafir
war the English soldiers were called ama-
hvexu ako Nibe.
i-l^weya, A tributary of the Izeli.
u-Safili, The paramount chief of the Kafirs.
When a child, he was called u-Sotana.
um-Sebenzi, The Balfour river, a tributary
of the Kat.
u-Seplan, a tributary of the Indwe, so
called from Sybrandt, one of the Dutch
farmers who were living in this part of the
country, and who left in 1828; cf. uluBisi
and ti-Tsakana.
i-Sheshegu, A tributary of the Kat.
i-Shixini, A river of Eastern Gcalekaland.
i-Shushu, A tributary of the Keiskama.
kwa-Shushu, A spot in the centre of Pirie
where affairs of the village are discussed.
u-Sigcau, The chief of the Gcaleka.
u-Sihota, Morner's Kop, a precipitous hill
overhanging the Great Kei.
e-SlKAPU, Tarkastad. fr. Du. Schaapkraal.
ulu-Sikisiki, A river and district of Eastern
Pondoland.
ent-Sikizini, A tributary of the Green River
in the King William's Town district.
ama-SlLAMSE, The Malays ; fr. Islam.
u-Simakamaka, Mount Ayliff.
um-SIni, A tributary of the Kei.
em-Sintsileni, Franzburg.
ulu-5izi, A river in the Kentani district.
ama-Sukwini, A clan of Hottentots.
e-Sulenkama, Buchanan Mission-station,
near which is Mr. Hope's grave.
um-Sutu, pi. ahe-SiUu, A person of the
Basuto tribe living North of the Orange
river; eluSutu, Besutoland.
um-Ta, Oxkraal.
in-Taba ka-Centane, Kentani hill in Gcale-
kaland.
in-Taba ka-Hoho, A mountain at the head
of the Keiskama river in which the Gwili-
gwili has its source. (It is said that Rar'abe
purchased this mountain from the original
possessor Hoho, a Bushman chief).
j in-Taba ka-Moiokazi, The Skeleton ; a
rocky mountain near the source of the
' Tyumie.
5o6
in-Taba ka-Ndoda, The Man's mountain, a
conspicuous hill overlooking the DebeFlat.
in-Taba ka-Nqwafu, A mountain in West-
ern Tembuland,
in-Taba ka-Nyaba, A mountain North of the
Sihota mountain on the Great Kei.
in-Taba ka-5ihota, Morner's Kop, a moun-
tain near the Great Kei Bridge.
in-Taba yakwa-Tuku, Pato's Kop in the
Division of Peddie.
in-Taba yomoya, Lit. the mountain of the
wind; the Winterberg.
in-Taba yonof onxoba, The Gwali mountain.
in-Tab' egqira and in-Taba yegqirakazi, lit.
the witch doctor's mountain. Gaika's Kop ;
a high mountain North of the Molokazi
mountain.
in-Tab' entsizwa, The Young Men's moun-
tain, between Mount Frere and Kokstad, in
the Xesibe country.
in-Tab'ontsheko, A mountain in the Glen
Grey District, so named from the white
deposits of vultures, visible on the rocks ; =
u-Zingxondo.
i-Tabasi, A tributary of the Umtata.
i-Tamafa, A tributary of the Keiskama.
i-Tanqa, A tributary of the Gonubie.
ezi-Tapile, Bensonvale.
um-Tata, (a) A river between the Bashee and
Umaimvubu, rising near the Baziya moun-
tain, (b) Name of the chief town and
division of Tembuland.
i-Tatamsha, The mouth of the Kowie.
um-Tati, (a) The river falling into the sea
between the Nxuba and Gwalana rivers, on
which the Newtondale Mission-station is
built: ^w/- Tad, Newtondale.
(b) A tributary of the Keiskama.
ama-Tato = ama-Hala.
u-Tayi, The son of Dalidipii.
i-Teko, A tributary of the Kobonqaba river
in the Kentani District.
um-Tembu, A Tembu or Tambookie.
u-Tikoloshe, = u Hili.
i-Tina, A large tributary of the Umzimvubu.
i-Tinafa, The Zwartkops river; the town
and Division of Uitenhage.
en-Tlabeni, Mount White.
i-T6cwa, The Blinkwater, a tributary of the
Kat.
i-T6le, A tributary of the Kei; e-Toleni,
Cunningham Mission-station, (b) A tribu-
tary of the Tsomo. (c) Kwamatole, A tri-
butary of the Keiskama and the mountain
range near it.
um-Tdmbd, A large plain near Fort Peddie,
where Colonel Somerset killed a number
of Kafirs in the War of the Axe.
kwelen-Tonga, Breakfastvlei.
i-T6ngwane, A tributary of the Gcuwa.
(The Gcalekas do not drink of its water,
because a former chief, Palo, died in its
valley).
em-Tdnjeni, Kei Road; the Springs.
um-T6ntsi, Waterkloof, in the Fort Beaufort
Division.
i-Tdfa, A tributary of the Umgwali river in
Tembuland.
ama-Toto, A name given to, but disliked by,
ama-Hala.
u TSAKANA, A tributary of the Indwe, from
Isaac, one of the party of Dutch farmers
living thereabout, and who left in 1828;
see iilii-Bisi and u-Seplan.
u-Tsengatumbu, A left tributary of the
Gonubie.
in-Tshatshongo, A tributary of the Nqa-
bar'a river in Eastern Gcalekaland; Fort
Malan.
u-Tshokoju, Europeans.
i-Tshoxa, (a) A tributary of the Buffalo river;
Petersberg Mission-station.
(b) A rivulet at Keiskama Hoek.
i-Tshungwana, Osborn.
in-Tsimbakazi, A tributary of the Nqabar'a
river in Eastern Gcalekaland.
in-Tsit6, A tributary of the Great Kei in
the Division of Tsomo.
i-Tsitsa, A tributary of the Umzimvubu.
i-Tsojana, A tributary of the Tsomo.
u-Tsolo, A mountain near the junction of
the Tsitsa and Inxu rivers in East Griqaa-
land; the Division in which the mountain
is situated.
i-Tsomo, A large tributary to the Great
Kei, flowing through Tembuland and Fingo-
land.
e-Tsurini, Oudtshoorn.
u-Tukeia, The Tugela, the largest river in
Natal, rising in the Drakensberg.
ulu-Tuli, (a) A tributary of the Tsomo.
(b) A tributary of the Zwart Kei.
i-Tunxe, The Thomas river, a tributary of
the Kei river.
elu-Tutu, Sterkstroom.
u-TutuIa, The beautiful woman taken by
Gaika from Ndlambe ; this act gave rise to
the war of 1795 which ended in the ex-
pulsion of Ndlambe.
i-Tutiifa, A tributary of the Gcuwa in the
Kentani district.
507
um-Twaku, (a) A right tributary of the
Keiskama ; e-Mtwahi, St. Matthew's Mission-
station, (b) A tributary of the Nqamakwe.
i-Twecu, (a) A left tributary of the Keiska-
ma. (b) A tributary of the Chalumna.
e-Tyeni, Lit. at the stone. A common
place-name in Kafirland.
um-Ty6lo, A right tributary of the Chalumna.
i-Tyolohi, A tributary of the Umgwali.
i-TyoIomnqa, The Chalumna river, between
the Keiskama and the Buffalo.
i-Tyukala, A rivulet flowing into the
Buffalo.
i-Tyumbii, The Kraai river, a tributary of
the Orange.
i-Tyume, The Tyumie, a tributary of the
Keiskama.
i-Tyiisha, A tributary of the Buffalo, near
the mountain.
em-Tyuweni, A small stream in Cwencwe
valley.
i-Tywaka, A tributary of the Nqabar'a.
i-Tywina, A tributary of the Umgwali
river (Tembuland).
im-Vani, Tributary of the Zwart Kei.
u-Vulwa, A tord of the Umtata river.
ili-Wa IJka Kese, A precipice near the
source of the Buffalo.
i-Waqu, Tributary of the Zwart Kei.
G oshen Mission-station.
c-Wllo, Morley Station.
i-Wukuwa, A tributary of the Zwart Kei
river, Kamastone; pronounced i-Hnkuwa
by the Tembus.
kwa-Xaxazele, A right tributary of the
Toise river.
um-Xelo, (a) A small tributary of the
Zwart Kei (Tylden). (b) Plaatjes river
between Alice and Fort Beaufort;
em-Xelo, Ely.
i-Xesi, The Keiskama river, i.e. the fourth
river by the reckoning of the Kafirs and
Hottentots, who agreed in former days,
that the fourth river from the Kei should
be their mutual boundary ;
e-Xesi, Middledrift.
i-Xilinxa, The main upper stream of the
Gcuwa.
i-X6konxa, A tributary of the Tsitsa on
which Tsolo Residency is.
e-Xokonxa, Tsolo village.
i-Xolobe, Tributary of the Kei, in the
Tsomo district.
i-X6lora, Mount Thomas near Keiskama
Hoek at the back of Stutterheim im-
mediately behind the Nqantosi Mission;
also the name of the river running at the
foot of this mountian into the Kubusi river.
u-X6lox6lo, Mount Currie (Kokstad).
i-Xongo, A tributary of the Umgwali river
(Tembuland).
i-Xonxe, The White Kei river; Glen Grey.
i-X6fa, A river in Bomvanaland, on which
the Elliot Magistracy stands; Elliotdale.
um-Xdsa, pi. ama-Xosa. A Kafir.
i-Xoxo, A left tributary of the Gonubie.
i-Xuka, The largest tributary of the Bashee.
e-Xukwane, A location near Debe Nek.
Phr. kuxeliwe e-Xukwane apb kumaqasho
tnakulti, lit. they have slaughtered at
Xukwane where much meat is obtainable.
This proverb is used of such as ask too
much from others, as if to say. It was only
at Xukwane where such expectations were
realized.
um-Xumbu, A tributary of the Keiskama.
u-Xurana, A tributary of the Tsitsa.
i-Xuxuwa, A tributary of the Kat near
Fort Beaufort ; the Kluklu.
i-Xwadefa, A left tributary of the Kat river
near the main road leading to Blockdrift ;
= i-Gxwetera.
elu-Xweseni, (a) Blyth Hill, near Nqama-
kwe ; the old road running along its ridge
to Clarkbury; the village of Nqamakwe.
(b) A forest on the Frankfort hill.
u Zaka, A mountain near the Kubusi.
i-Zalu, Palmerton.
ulu-Zana, A tributary of the Isidenge.
i Zibuko lenyati, A ford on the Kei river.
um Zimknlu, A great river which has its
source in the Drakensberg and forms the
Western boundary of Natal.
um-Zimvubu, St. John's river; Mount Frere.
u-Zingxondo, A mountain in Tembuland
near Lady Frere, used formerly by the
Tembus in time of war as a place of
refuge; also called i-Ntabontsheko, from
vultures making their nests there; see in-
Gxonde.
um-Zlntshane, A tributary of the Mngqesha.
um-Zitsikama, Du. Keurboom; The Mora-
vian mission station Clarkson.
ama-Zizi, A tvih& oi aba-Mbo.
um-ZuIu, plur. ama-Zulu. A Zulu.
APPENDIX n.
HLONIPA-WORDS.
The hlonipa-custom is explained in the Dictionary; see uku-Hlonipa. Hlonipa-
words are the words used by the women as substitutes for those normal Kafir-words
from the use of which they may happen to be debarred through their containing
syllables coinciding with syllables in the names of their husband's or their chief's
relations. All the men and all the women on the husband's side must be respected
in this way by the wife.
In the first edition of this dictionary, the hlonipa-words were distributed
throughout the body of the work. In this edition such words are gathered
together, and are grouped under the words for which they are made to serve as
substitutes. It must be distinctly understood, however, that a vastly greater
collection of hlonipa-words is waiting to be gathered in.
In searching into the sources from which hlonipa-words are derived, one finds
that great use is made of synonyms, and that, owing to the richness of the Kafir
language in synonyms, the women can often find a ready way of escape from
forbidden syllables without resorting to strange words ; e.g. a woman who cannot
use ukw-Apiika has a choice of any one of the following words: Qekeka, Qoboka,
Qoboza, Shwaqeka, Tyoboka, Tyumka, Viteka, all of which have been given me by the
girls as hlonipa-substitutes for ukw-Apuka. At other times they adopt the simple
device of negativing a word with the opposite meaning to that which they wish to
express, e.g. instead of ukwahluka a woman may use ukungadibani, iikun^afani or
uhingatyapi. It has not been deemed necessary to insert such words in this Appendix.
Analogous to the device of seeking synonyms from their own language is the
device of borrowing words from Native or European languages with which they
have come into touch. Thus we find a favourite hlonipa-substitute for ubisi to be
intusi, which is the Pondomise word for milk; for uku-Caza (to comb) we find
uku-Kama, which is the Du. kammen; and for i-Tyuwa (salt) we find a favourite
substitute to be i-Sauti, which is the Du. zout.
We find in Kafir in addition to the hlonipa language of the women a similar
language employed by the young men during the period of the circumcision-rites
and known as isi-Kweta. Women borrow from the isi-Kiveta as they borrow from
every other source available to them, but the few distinctively isi-Kweta words
given below are marked with a K.
The women have also undoubtedly retained words which are a relic of the past
and which except in their hlonipa use are unknown. When all available sources
fail, however, the women fall back on word-coining, altering the forbidden word
sufficiently to keep themselves out of trouble and yet admit of its being recognised
by others.
509
N.B.— In the case of verbs, when no prefix is attached to the Hlonipa-word,
uku is understood.
A
B
KAFIR.
HLONIPA.
KAFIR.
HLONIPA.
ukw-Ahluka,
ukuti-Gu, Sabalaka.
uku-Blza,
Kalunga, Kalonga, Nkantu-
ukw-Aka,
Manganya.
za, Tyendya, Tyindya,
ukw-Ambata,
Tsheka.
Tyinya.
is-Andla,
is-Amkelo.
i-Bdkwe,
im-Buzi,
am-Anzi,
ania-Camorama-Camu(K.),
in-Kioitane,
ama-Camhu, ama-Nteku,
i-Nqeke (K,),
ama-Ntinga, in-Tyata,
i-Pepepe,
im- Voti, im- Voto, ama- Wula,
im-Pimzi,
ama-Yila.
in- Tsokive.
andiy-Azi,
ama-Bomb6,
ama-Tuku,
(ukw-Azi)
andiyapi, andiyayi.
ama-Tukutuku,
uku-Ba, (steal)
Ntshontsha.
uku-Bona,
Loza.
isi-Baca, i-Kepu (Eng. cape), um-
Tshike.
uku-Bala, (count) Nqantsa, Nqasha, iVqatsa,
Ruga, Sitna.
uku-Bala, (write) Nanza, Rwela, Tyibiliza,
Tyweleza.
uku-Baleka, Gijima, Gqotsa or Qotsa,
u-Bondo,
uku-Bopa,
uku-B6ta,
u-Cebengu.
Nkamangela,
Qininga, Qiningela,
Qiningila, Sulunga.
Hlafuna,
Xuzula.
ukiitt-Tsakutsahi,
uku-Buba,
Gqaiuka, Noboka,
Tsakula, ukuti-Tshaku-
ukiUi-Tikili, Toboka,
tsha.
Tshaba or Tshabalala.
uku-Bamb^,
ukuti-Ntshi.
i-BuIulu,
i-Robosha,
urn-Bane,
um-Kanyiso, um-Menyezo,
uku-Bumba,
Fiita, Qokelela,
Tshauza.
Xobonga.
isi-Hakahaka,
uku-Buqa,
Diivaza,
u-Ha-kase, isi-Hihi,
u-huka and isi-Huka,
(ukuhla) kwanotanda and
isi-Banxa,
isi-Matumatu,
kwahlaza,
u-Ptiva, u-Pu'wef=u-Puhe),
Nyakamisa,
V isi-Puyapuya, isi-Tauka.
QjJcoz,:,
uku-Bdka,
Gxezula, Xelesha.
Hhiyi.i^a or Rayingd.
uku-Bet4,
Nqasha, Tambula and
uku-Buya,
Nyantsula.
Tywambula, Tyindyita
uku-Buza,
Fiiqa,
and Tyungutaf^Tyu-
Golozela,
ndyiita).
Nkunttiza.
im-Bikicane,
um-Hlahla-mpetu.
isi-Caka,
isi-Tywaka.
uku-Bila,
Roza.
i-Cala,
i-Hlangoti or u-Hlangott,
isi-Bindl,
isi-Gila.
i-Lalo, in-Zanga.
Bini,
Tyaya.
uku-Canda,
Xibula.
uku-Binqa,
u-Bisi,
Gina.
u-Ceke and umCeke,
u-Hlaza,
u-Limba,
i-Capaza,
uku-Caza,
Fokoza, n-Ntywilintywili.
Gqalula,
Kama (Du. kammen).
u-Ncete,
Qaruza,
i-Ntusi {and i-Ntsusi),
Qwabulula or Qwalula,
u-Raxa,
Qeqebula.
ulu-Va.
uku-Ceba,
Neb a, Nyaqangela.
u-Bityile,
ucontile, ujacik, unzanza-
tekile, uluqoto.
i-Cepe,
i-Lepile, i-Ngora (K.),
i-Wako or i-Waku.
im Biza,
um-Miso,
um-Cepe,
um-Gqebe or um-Gqepe,
in-Teleko,
uni-Wako or um-Wahi.
in-Tsantso.
i-Cibi,
i-Nyukunyiiku.
u-Ciklcane,
u-Gohito, um-Nwana,
in-DIu,
in-Kumhh,
um-Shikane or om-Shikane,
i-Tala.
om-Tshikane or om-Tyikane.
i-Dobo,
um-Raulana,
isi-Ciko,
isi-Dakiso, isi-Dakiselo or
i-Viki.
isi-Dayiselo,
i-Dolo,
i-Guqo,
i-Duko,
i-kuqu, i-Ruqelo and
isi-Nameko, isi-Sibekelo.
i-kunqulo,
uku-Cima,
ukuti-Bam, Bangisa,
u-Siqunyana.
Budleka,
u-Donga,
u-Qenge.
Tyifa or Tyiva.
um-Dudo,
um-Ralo,
uku-Cinga,
Givaduza, Tsabula, Tying a.
um-Tyuluba.
uku-Cita,
Tsafaza or Tshafaza,
in-Dull,
um-Nyaleko,
Xapaza.
u-Qaqa,
uku-CoIa,
Gamata, Nokula or Nukula,
u-Vuka.
Tyota.
u Dull,
im-Bumba.
uku-Cuba,
Dwauza, Yobula or Yubula.
uku-Dyoba,
Btxiza,
i-Cuba,
i-Foza (K.J, i-Gwayi,
Nanteka,
i-Mako (Eng. 'bacco) and
Nyinda.
i-Tyumako (Eng. tobacco),
am-Ehlo,
ama-Baluko,
i-Mokzve (Eng. smoke),
ama-Gabuko and -Gawuko,
isi-Ncazelo,
ama-Kangelo and -Kangela,
in-Tshayo, u-Tshisa,
ama-Lozelo and Lozela.
u-Wahla,
ukw-Enda,
Qashwa.
yiti-Cwaka,
yitt-Shamnca or yiti-Tsha-
am-Endu,
Santsula and Swantsula.
mnca.
uku-Fa,
Noboka.
in-Daba,
in-Dyaba,
uku-Faka,
Buntseka.
Kuliima, Sezela,
um-Fazi,
i-Binqa.
in- Tyabi.
um-Nika.
i-Dada,
im-Bandamelana or isi-
isi-Gqwaii, isi-Qwadi or
Badamelana,
isi-Qwati (K.J.
u-Bukulubukulu,
uku-Feza,
Qeda.
u-Masidabalale,
uku-Fika,
Galeleka.
i-Xataxata,
isi-Fikane
isi-Tekele.
u-Daka,
i-Yaya or i-Yaya.
u-Bilo, u-Bindi, u-Bixa,
uku-Finca,
ukutt-Qoqololo and Qongqo-
u-Ntyisha, u-Nyisha or u-
lolo,^
Nyusha,
u-Sita,
ukuti-Roqololo.
uku Finya,
Kuxula.
i-Tyabeko, u-Tyibiliko,
uku-Fuduka,
Kweza.
u-Xofu or u-Xovu, u-Xovulo.
uku-Funa,
Bixa.
Dala, (old)
Ala-oyi,
Mnyasha.
um-Fundisi,
iFuta,
um-Ulishi.
i-Cam (K.),
uku-Dana,
ukutt-Bexe.
i-Qaba,
u-Gumbezo,
in-Devu,
u-Hilo,
in-Kamfulo.
u-Jingayo.
ama-Qada,
ama-Cupela,
u-Didi,
i-Fasi, u-Yiyi.
isi-Gaxa (K.),
um-Diza,
uBoli,
ama-Gtbiselo,
um-Gati,
u-Nkumenkume,
u-Nganqa or u-Ngamnqa.
i-Ntsundwane,
uku DIa,
Mala and Maya,
ama-Xengwane,
Munda (n. u-Miindo).
ama-Xubusha and -Xubusho,
in-DIebe yemvu, isi~Gqiitsu.
a?na-Xuluba and -Xulubo.
in-Dlela,
um-Biidu,
atna-Xulusho.
um-Gaqo and in-Gaqo,
uku-Qalela,
Qubazela.
i-Nyatelo,
i Gama,
i-Bizo.
imPatiilo.
uku-Qaula,
Tshka,
i-Qazi,
u-Bomvana, um-Opo and
isi Kdka,
isi-Dwaba.
tim-Opela.
in-Kanga,
uSombalase,
iGeza,
u-Hlanya,
uSombolashe.
isi-Pambani,
uku-Kangela,
Lozela.
u-Puha.
in-Kobe,
ini-Bam (im-Bamu),
uku-Qoba,
Pentsa.
in-Tyamsha.
um-Qodo wezi-
isi-Kolo,
isi-Beta.
nja,
imi-Hali.
in-Komo,
in-Jima (K.),
uku-Qoduka,
Nauka, Vemika.
i-Meta,
uku-Qongxa,
Hikela.
i-Nombe.
in-Gqakaqa,
in-Kolovane.
um-K6nto,
isi-Bebe,
uku-Qqiba,
in Qubo,
Qeda, Shiiba.
inn-Amhatd, am-Amhato,
um-Binzo,
isi-Hlabi and isi-Hlabani-
is-Amhato and um-
selo,
E?nbato,
isi-Gqwashu and isi-Nqwa-
in-Kuni,
uni-Sika.
int-Baso and um-Baso,
shu(K.),
i-Tyato and in Tyato,
i-Yaka.
in-Kunzi,
izi-Qwayi,
in-Tyodi and in-Tyoti.
in-Zeki and um-Zeki.
in-Kwenkwe,
ti-Kala,
iOumbi,
u-Sitelo.
i-Nxayi,
i-Qunya,
tibti-Galagala.
in-Qalaii (K.),
in-Qwamza,
u-Nobambo.
i-Tyagi, i-Xagi.
uku-Hamba,
Nauka,
um-Kwenkwe,
um-Tyagi.
Raqaza,
i-Langa,
i-Cama,
Teleka,
iGala,
Vatshula.
is-Ota,
uku Hamba ze
Busha.
imPakama.
i-Hashe,
tn-Gadula,
uku-Lala,
Ncantsa,
in-Gqalasha, i-Gqangala,
Tyantsa, Tyatsa, Tyata and
i-Maka,
Tyatanga.
i-Pala, i-Pele, i-Peli,
um-Lenze,
um-Nabo.
i-Qwara, i-Qwesha,
um-Lilo,
um-Nyenye (K.),
i-Tatanqo and i-Tatanqu.
u-Vuta, unt-Vuta, isiVuto,
ukuHlakula,
kela and Relisa.
um-Vnto.
uku-Hlala,
Biinxa, Zinza.
uku-Lima,
Tyasha and Tyatsha.
em-Hlana, (on the
i-Lima,
i-Baziya.
back)
em-Peta.
uku-Lingana,
Nyepa.
isi-Hiangu,
im-Badada (K.),
urn Lungu,
i-Gcweka,
isi-Ktta,
i-Gxagxa,
ama-Xaliashisha,
um-Nyepa,
isi-Xattila and isi-Xatulo.
um-Yaka.
ubuHIanti,
isi-Bitigelelo,
ku-Manzi,
ku-Mvoto.
ii-Biyo and ubii-Biyo,
i-Mbiwa,
in-Tibane.
ubu-Gxa,
u-Mbdna,
u-Eleshe,
ii-Tango,
u-Gyeka and u-Ndyeka,
iibu-Tyanti.
u-Nqutywa (K.),
e-HIatini,
eCokeni and e-Tyokeni,
u-T'tya.
e-Gxeni atid esi-Gxeni,
ku-Mhlope,
kii-Mweke.
esi-Ngeni,
ku-Mnyama,
kulu-Fipa,
e-Ngeteni and e-Ngotweni.
ku-Mtsisha.
in-Ja,
i-Bengeta and i-Bengete (K.)
ubu-Mnyama,
uFipa,
i-Beta,
um-Sihlo.
i-Kanka,
u-Moya,
um-Hlengetwa.
i-Luma,
i-Nci,
in-Kota.
i-Qivina,
iNcwadi,
i-Kwadi.
u Ngqupantsi,
i-Biima.
Ncela, Ncita and Ncinta,
u-Nonqayi,
u-Nompilinga.
Ngunycla, Nyengela,
in Nqayi,
im-Pilinga.
Oltda,
i Nqawa,
i-Ntshikwe,
Tultila.
i-Pepu (Eng. pipe).
uku-Senga ama-
i-Nqina (hoof)
i-Nchitsi.
tumbu,
Gulula.
um-Nqundu,
isi-Rosha.
ama-Si,
ama-Biba (K.J,
iNqwelo,
i-Kolohiya, i-Koloyiya, i-Ko-
ama-Gobodo,
loyiyo and i-Koloniyo,
ama-Ku,
i-Olohiya, i-Ololiya and
ama-Nyengele,
i-Ololiyo.
ama-Qiba and ama-Qtmbi,
u Ntloyiya,
nm-Zwazwa.
ama-Rola,
uku Ntshula,
Ntsula.
a-Wayiwayo,
um-Tu,
um-Dyu or um-Ju,
ama- Yila.
um-Ndyu,
uku-Sinda, (smear) Tyibiliza.
u-Ndyti or uNju,
ubu-So,
ubu-Baluko, tibtt-Galuko.
twi-Ngu or um-Gu,
i-Swekile,
in-Tshukela.
um-Lu,
in-Taka,
i-Ncamazana,
um-Nyateli.
i-Nyamazana.
um-Ntwana,
um-Nxeba,
i-Nx6wa,
um-Ndyana.
um-Bemha.
in-Kubusha,
i-Tanga, (thigh)
i-Tanga, (pump-
kin)
um-Singato.
i-Gavela (K.),
i-Xabela.
i-ka (mealiebag, etc.),
in-Tshayelo (tobacco-bag).
Tatu,
Nafu.
i-Nyama,
i-Meya, i-Mula,
uku-Teta,
Kuluma.
i-Ntshane and i-Ntshani,
in-Tetd,
u-Kulumo.
isi-kuza (K.J.
um-Ti,
um-Ga, isi-Ganga,
i Nyanga,
in-Jongo,
i-Meko,
in-Kwezi,
um-Puhleko,
in-Twasa and in-Twaso.
utn-Simeko,
u-Nyawo,
i-Nxubulo, im-Patu.
um-Tunzi.
uk-Ona,
Coselela.
in-TIoko,
i-Poba and im-Poba,
is-Onka,
isi-Boma,
i-Tyontsi.
um-Hobe,
in-To,
i-Nzi and i-Nzo,
u-Qeke, u-Qete,
i-Shi arid i-Slto.
isi-Qusficko,
imi-T6mb6, (hops) imi-Coka,
i-Viti (K.).
in-Kodosi, in-Kodusi and
uk-Opa,
Cobela and i-Cobelo.
in-Koduso.
uku-Pela,
Sinya.
em-T6njeni,
em-Cokweni.
i-Pela,
i-Nambuza.
in-Tombi and
in-Azana,
isi-Qa,
isi-Gintsa.
in T6mbazana,
in-Genta (K.),
i-Qabaka,
in-Kolovane.
i-Ggiyane and i-Qiyana.
i-Qanda,
i-Gausi,
uku-Tsha, (burn]
Lumata.
i-Hlongoza and i-Hlongozo,
i-Tyubuka,
i-Tyumkaand i-Tyutnza,
um-Tshekisane,
um-Tyepisana.
uku Tshica,
Tsila.
i-Yangaza and i-Yangazo.
i-Tunga,
i-Nqabelo.
umQoIo,
um-Gwangwa,
u-Tutu,
um-Lota,
i-Maka.^
i-Wola and u-Wola.
uku-Qondana,
Nyondana.
uku-Tya,
see uku-Dla.
i-^amiti,
i-Qunguwa.
isi-Tya,
isi-Malelo, isi-Mundelo,
i-Selwa,
iPehla.
isi-Wekete and isi-Yekete
uku-Senga,
Cikida,
isi- Yete.
Cinta and Cintela,
um-Tya,
in-Tekelezo,
Huka,
um-Tekelezo.
P3
5
i3
ili-Tye,
isi-Beko and isi-Bekelo,
Nwabtdunga,
i-Duko,
Tutuka, Tyutuka,
isi-Gibiselo,
Xabuluka, Xwabuluka.
i-Kiibekiso,
uku-Wawasa,
Uluba.
isi-Lelo,
uku-Xabana,
Hlunama.
i-Luleko,
i-Xdgo,
i-Kita,
i-Qengqa and i-Qengqe.
i-Shexa.
uku-Tyeba,
Nona,
uku-Xoka,
Cika.
n. i-Noni, a piece of fat
uku-Xwila,
Zwazwa.
meat.
i-Zembe
i-Gaula, i-Gatilo, isi-Gaulo,
i-Tyuwa,
isi-Cwayiselo,
i-Hlokwe,
u-Mha Dyantyi,
i-Nqamla and i-Nqamlo,
is-Ongo,
i-Tamla and i-Tamlo,
i-Sauti (Du. zout),
i-Tshka and i-Tshecezo,
i-Wakete and i-Wekete.
i-Xabelo, ing-Xabelo and
u-Tywala,
im-Finca,
isi-Xabelo.
um-Fo kaludiza,
um-Zi,
um-Tyanti.
in-Gxazozo,
um-Zi,
i-Dolo.
i-Jiki and i-Jixi,
ama-Zimba,
u-Hlwaya (K.),
i-Nkontyankontya,
ama-Yika.
um-Olulo,
ama-Zinyo,
am-Bnyo,
i- Yolisa.
ama-Hleko,
um-Valo,
um-Goqwana.
ama-Luma,
uku-Vuka,
Buluka,
i-Ngcaca,
Kwapuluka, Kwasuluka,
atna-Tambd (K.J.
Lulama,
i-Zwemb6zI,
im-Batyisi.
APPENDIX in.
ADDITIONS AND EMENDATIONS.
is-Agwityi, add: The quail is believed to
turn into a frog in winter, which explains
its absence at that season.
ukw-Ala, as aux. 'As soon as': hala xabakwa-
nti or kwalile xabakwanti, as soon as they
were away from all shelter; wala ukuba
ayigqibe, as soon as he had finished it.
ukw-Aneliseka, %>. i. To be satisfied, pleased.
is-Ango, n. 4. add: Shaking the body up and
down in dancing.
is- Antakin ja, = isa-Ntakinja.
ukw-Apulela, add: To reduce the price of
an article for a person.
uku-Ba, III, add: When followed by a verb
containing the auxiliary nga (see uku-Nga
(a) II), it expresses the idea ' as soon as ' :
uba angahlakula lomfazi, as soon as the
woman had scuffled; Uba lingafuna uku-
kwaza ixego, as soon as the old man
u-Bamb6, add: indlu imi ngembambb, the
house is very full.
i-BASTlLE, «. 2. add under (l): A square
hut with a thatch roof (a cross between a
square European house and a hut).
isi-Bavu, n. 4. A scar.
isi-Baya, add : Phr. umoya wesibaya, lit. the
wind of the calves' kraal, which on enter-
ing runs round within the fence, i.e. a
person in a meeting who changes his
opinions to consent with the views of each
succeeding speaker ; = M- FMW(22;o«jfe^.
u-Bayizelo, n. 5. The dance referred to
under the verb.
ukuti-Bazalaia, v. i. To scatter in all
directions.
uku-Bedengu, read ubu-Bidengu.
ukuti-Beke, v. i. To loosen, as a thread or a
girl's belt.
tried to shout; bdba
' andiyintaka kayihlo mna' when they got
hold of a bird, it would say, ' I am not
the bird of your father'.
ukii-BS, IV, read uku-Ba IV.
uku-Baba, add: Phr. isandla sam siyababa,
my hand is itchy, a sign that I am about to
shake hands with someone.
uku-Badisa, v. t. To kill: ilanga lasibadisa,
the sun killed us.
ukuti Badlu, add: Of a kettle, to boil with
rattling of the lid.
uku-Badiuza, add: Of a light, to flicker:
amalangatye ayabadluza (or ayabodloza)
the flames flicker.
— Badluzela, v. To make a rattling
sound, as boiling water lifting a pot-lid.
i-Bala, add: A point in an argument: ibala
lesibini, the second point.^
uku-Bamba, add: lebatyi iyandibambct, this
jacket catches me (under the arm).
— Bambana, add: mnanyano olubambeneyo,
complete union.
im Bambane, Delete.
/^, mto^« I uku-Bekelela, add: umendo wabati-tye
Delete; see un-
ubekelelwe, the path of the righteous is
straight.
uku-Bekisa, add: To go towards.
u-Bela, n. I, The forefinger, the one next to
the thumb, which is the fourth in Kafir ; see
u-Cikicane.
uku-Belekisa, add : To assist as a midwife.
n. 8. Midwifery.
im-Bembetshane, n. 3.
um-Bembetshane, n. 6.
der ukutt-Mbi.
ukuti-Benqe, add: To turn the upper
eyelid up and show the inside of it, as is
done by a child to terrify another.
u-Benqo, add: ubenqo Iwamehlo, the act of
turning up the upper eyelid.
uku-Bentshuza, v. i. To be restless,
running about in a fidgety manner, as e.g.
disarranging things prior to putting them
right ; = uku-Bentsuza.
u-Benya, «. 5. A stick of the um-Binya tree.
uku-Betd, in 2nd line from end: for ngankU'
na read nganikana.
515
B
uku-Beteleleka, v. To be nailed to a spot as
a person long at his food, or one taking a
long drink at the river.
ukuti-Bidli, v. i. To be soft and fall to pieces,
as the wall of a hut after rain or dough
that rises well and overflows the bake-pan.
ukuti-Blmbi, v. To eat up greedily so that
another may not get any share : sendile-
b'tmbi, I have already swallowed it all up.
uku-Binza, add: Of a word, to express
exactly what is intended, to 'hit the nail
on the head'.
ukuti-Bixi, V. i. To walk with difficulty,
owing to the weight of the body, as
u-Nomademfu does; to walk in a laboured
manner, as a heavy-bodied person.
uku-Bixizela, v. Of a corpulent person, to
run with the whole body in a quiver.
-bo, add : used in the iiitsomi by old women
to give emphasis: ndim bo mna jio-Tsabitsa.
uku-BoDOLOSHA, V. To bother; from the
Eng.
um-BODOLOSHi, «. I. A troublesome
person.
uku-BoIa, add: fig. lamantombazana abolile,
these girls are rotten, i.e. they sing to
perfection.
ukuti-Bole, add : To become rotten : timbdna
ut^-bole, the mealies are quite rotten.
u-BoIekiswano, n. 5. Taking turns.
ama-Bonandenzile, add : also used of efforts
whic'i by chance succeeded, so that one
succeeded almost without knowing how.
uku-Bopeleleka, v. i. To be tied up or
bound either in a literal or a figurati
manner: sibopelelekile, we are tied up (in
sin) ; = ukii-Bopkka.
ukuti-B6ro, v.^uku-Bdroza.
uku-BOTOLOSHA, V. To bother ; = M>^j
losha.
um Bovana, Delete.
ukuti-Buba, t;. To become flattened: ubiiso
bake bute-bubn, he has a flat face.
um-Buba, «. 6. A person or animal with a
flat, deformed face: umbuba wehashe, a
horse with such a face.
ukuti-Bube, v. i. To die off: intsimi yatn itshe
bube, my field is parched and everything in
it dead.
i-Buku, «. 2. A crowd of people.
ukuti-Bukuqu, v. i. To turn sharply from
the direction in which one is going, and go
in the opposite direction.
i-Bula, «. 2. add: in some districts used as «. 3.
u-BuIu, «. I. A young man or woman that
has no sweetheart ; = isi-Shumana. \
i-BuLU, n. 2. A Dutch farmer, a Dutchman;
fr. Du. boer.
ukuti-BuIukuqu, v. i. To turn a somersault.
im-Bumba, «. 3. add; A cluster of bees or a
number of people together.
i Bumbulu, w. 2. A round fruit, as an apple;
the case which in some fruits contains the
seed ; fig. ajnabumbi'du atnehlo, eyeballs.
im-Bumbulu, n. 3. Delete the portion in-
serted under i-Bumbtihi above.
uku-Buqa, add: To destroy or eat down to
the stumps, as locusts do.
uku-Busha, v. t. HI. To smear the body
with fat or paint it with red ochre.
u-Busukuswane, n. l. The Swee or Du-
fresne's waxbill, Neiana dufresnei (Vieill.).
uku-Butuma, is derived from ukiiit-Bututu.
uku-Buzela, add: To assist one who is
being cross-examined on all sides, by
putting a leading or suggestive question.
C (3) read: Nouns with the prefix in-,
formed from verbs beginning with c' make
ific; and add: Plurals of cl. 5 whose stems
begin with c' take inc: ulu-Cwe, izin-Cwe.
uku-Cacela, from tiku-Caca: nkucacele ukutya,
he is eating (although he is sick); ukuba
uwucacele uinvubo uyakutyeba, if you enjoy
eating iimvubo, you will be fat.
um-Cagogo, w. 6. A new thing, as an article
of dress or a piece of furniture.
-Cakata, add: Pieces of the stem of this
plant are woven into a string and hung
round the neck of a woman who has a
new-born child.
u Calulo, n. 5. A distinguishing; hence,
specialisation.
ukuti-Cangce and uku-Cangcisa, v. t. To
arrange in order, make tidy (one's house or
one's person).
uku-Casa, For 'differ form' read 'differ
from '.
i-Cebe, for iceba lake, read icebe lake.
i-Cekuceku, «. 2. A person given to much
talking : lamutti ulicekuceku, that person is a
chatter-box.
uku-Cela, add: ukucela izandla, to ask hands,
i.e. to ask help in providing the entertain-
ment at a marriage.
i-Cengecenge, substitute: Shining, in conse-
quence of having been well smeared with
fat.
ukuti-Ciciiili, v. i. To disappear, as a woman
among tall mealies or in the forest; to sink
down in the river, i.e. to be drowned ; =
ukuti-Zozololo.
516
uku-Cicimela, v. i. To be so abundant as to
fill a place to overflowing, e.g. as cattle
overcrowding a kraal.
uku-Cika, v. t. add: To close or cover up (a
vessel, leak, etc.)
uku-Cikeka, add: Of a leak in an earthen
vessel, to be stayed or closed up.
uku-Cikela, v. To mend for one : ivamcikela
inqayi yake, he mended her pot for her.
uku-Cikisa, v. To close up the cracks in an
earthen vessel ; to stay a leak.
ubu-Cikiciki, n. 7. Going into great detail, =
ubu-Gocigoci.
uku-Cikoza, add: bahlutt kukucikoza, they are
full up with oratory, i.e. they can talk
plenty, but they can do nothing else,
uku-Cininika, v. i. To be smeared with food,
etc., on hands or mouth.
ukuti-Citiciti, v. i. To spread out, come out
all over (a field, etc.) : citiciti, buiyani bale-
ntsimi, come forth, weeds of this garden.
i-Ciza, n. 2. Medicine.
uku-Coca, add: To do a little here and there,
to give a finishing touch.
in-Cokocwane, n. 3. A thin stalk of Kafir-
corn.
maC6l!, substitute: That's mine! Exclam-
ation uttered by the person claiming what
another has picked up, whereupon the finder
may give it up or may say amehlo akaboni
(eyes do not see), implying that he must
receive a reward. If the finder can forestall
the others, he says: Ndacola amacoli aiiga-
bizwayo angabi sabizwa.
ukuti-Combululu, v. i. To slip loose, as a
knot in a riem or as a rope.
u-Cona, n. 5. HI. A baby. The word is used
by a woman when asking food for her child
from Europeans.
ukuti-Cot6, V. i. To take a step and then
stand: tnasitl cotb, let us take a step.
ukuti-Cotdcot6, v. To move forward slowly
by breaks, as a man recovering from sick-
ness or a work that is advancing slowly
and intermittently.
in-C6yl, = i-Ncoyi.
ukuti-Cuntsu, v. To take a little ;- m/^m-
Cuntsula.
ukuti-Cunu, v. i. To become angered by
teasing.
ukuti-Cupe, v. t. To cut off a small piece
from the tip: ihashe httwe-cupe kwincatn
yendlebe yasekunene, the horse has a bit cut
out at the tip of the right ear.
ing-Cutungu, n. 3. - isi-Cutungu.
ukuti-Cwa, V. t. To do a little: kautt-cwa
iniwatia yomlilo, kindle a little fire.
V. i. To perch or sit on the top of: wati-cwa
pezulu emasebeni omti, he sat on the top of
the tree.
ukuti-Cwa, v. To make straight for: yaya
yati-cwd kbna ukiiba mayizitye, (the bird)
made straight for them to eat them.
i Cwama, //. 2. A nickname for a Bushman
or Hottentot.
ubu-Cwangcacwangca, n. 7. A state of
warfare.
ukuti-Cwashu or Cwatshu, v. i. To go on
tiptoe; to move stealthily (towards one's
prey).
uku-Cwecwisa, v. t. To put a person out of the
sight of others, as a girl into the hitonjane.
uku-Cweya, add: In playing with sticks, to
strike half-heartedly and not in earnest.
ukuti-Dangadanga, v. i. To flare up.
ukuti-Dapu, v. i. To lack toughness, as a
thread or string that readily snaps : tisinga
liite-dapu, the thread has snapped.
i-Dapudapu, «. 2. A useless piece of
thread or string that snaps easily ; =
in- Tshunquntshiinqu.
in-Dawo, add: Place, in the sense of duty:
yindawo yakb ukuyiputuma, it is your business
to go after her.
u-Delo, n. 5. Contempt.
■Demeshe, n. 3. Damage, fr. the Eng.
ukuti-Denge, v. i. To be stupefied, become
stupid.
uku-Dibana, add: To be united: ishumi
lesheleni elidibeneyo, a half-sovereign ; imali
yam idibene, I have no change.
u-Didi, refers also to excellence of class or
rank: izitya zodidi, vessels of recognised
standing, excellent dishes.
uku-Dima!a, add : To overlook a matter,
make a mistake by omitting a duty.
Dindisholo, adj. Swollen, hard.
uku-Dla, n. 8. add: The cutting edge of an
assegai, axe, etc.
uku-Dlajula, v. t. To crush or mangle ; =
Dlabuka and Qabuka.
uku-Dlala, add: To put the whole body into
a shiver as women do at the marriage
dance and as girls in imitation thereof.
uku-DIalela, used in Phr. ukudlalela ngemali,
to gamble, bet.
in-Dlame, n. 3. The word for um-Xentso to
the East of the Umtata.
i-Dlayi, n. 2. The Pied starling, Spreo bicolor
(Gm), from one of its cries which it is said
to utter when it is troubled; see i-Giyogiyo.
517
isi-DIele, n. 4. add: ukubamba izidlele, to
hold the cheeks (which is literally done),
to be astonished.
u-Dl'udaka, w. l. Lit. the mud-eater. A
bat in the generic sense ; there are many-
species in Kafraria but they have no
distinctive Kafir names.
in-Doda, add: ngokwendoda,m^.r\iu\\y.
u-Dongwe, cf. i-Longzve.
um-Dongwe, add : Also, clay ; = u-Dongwe.
isi-Dukuduku, n. 4. The leg of the cow
slaughtered at a marriage and given to the
bride's side.
u-DuIi, add: Phr. tiduli lengxolo, a great noise.
u-Dwadwalala, w. 5. A wide-spreading
thing: udwadivalala Iwendlu, a spread-out
house.
i-Dwala, n. 2. An exposed surface of flat
rock.
in-Dvveza eluhlaza, it. 3. The Bully seed-
eater, Serinus sulphuratus (L.)
ukuti-Dyibi, v. t. To smear overmuch : ule-
dyibi iibuso tigamafiiia, his face is almost
dripping with grease. 1
uku-Dyoba, add: iikudyoba tigodaka, to smear 1
oneself with mud before crossing a river,
as a protection against iikutyiwa tignmlambd
(being smitten with sickness by the river).
i-D VONG WANA, /.■. 3. Dimin. of i-Dyongo. A
young man, a spark; also a young male of
small creatures, e.g. a young cock.
ukuti-Dyupudyupu, v. i. To fall plump
into water in succession, as a flock of sheep.
ukuti-Dy wanga, add : To devour 0:1 the spot.
ukuti Dywi, or Dywi dywi, v. t. To tear in
pieces.
Eli, (b) add: in negative and some other
sentences, the demonstrative, following the
noun, has the force of ' even, at all ' : akundi-
pattga tietakane eli, thou hast not given me
even a kid ; woyika negala eli, you are afraid
even of a meerkat. The other forms of the
demonstrative, lo, le, est, obu, oku, and their
corresponding plurals may also be similarly
used.
um-Endo, is derived from tikw-Enda, which
means in Chinanja simply ' to walk'.
Ese, add : see Se.
Esi, (b) See elt (b) in this app.
uku-Fahla, v. i. To walk alone or in company
with others; also, to depart. (A word used
mainly by young people.)
um-Fanamveli, n. l. A thing that just
appears, without its origin having been
noticed, i.e. a bastard.
5l8
P
i-Fanyafanya, «. 2. Anything, as a bundle
or a man's neck-tie, that is loosely fastened.
im-FihIeko, «. 3. used in loc. case emfihle-
kweni, in secret.
uku-Fika, add: used as aux. generally denot-
ing a definite point of action or a fresh
phase breaking in on the course of events.
'And then'.
ukuti-Finye, v. t. To draw back quickly:
ute-finye iimlenze wasinda macebetshu, he just
escaped (injury) by drawing his leg back
quickly.
uku-Fudukelana, v. To interchange kraals.
um-Fukamisi, «. I. A monthly nurse, a
midwife.
uku-Fukusa, read: Fuhiza.
uku-Fuma, add: umhlaba usafumile, the
ground is still too wet (for ploughing).
im-Funiselo, w. 3. An imagined reason,
guesswork.
ukutJ-Funqu, v. t. To take and lift up a thing.
uku-Funxa, add: To give a short, sharp suck,
as a woman does when she places her
mouth over a child's nose and gives a smart
suck to remove an obstruction which is
threatening to choke the child.
uku-Futaniseleka, v. i. To be smothered.
i-Fute, tt. 2. Heat indicative of the approach
of rain.
isi-Fut6, 71. 4. An herb in the smoke of which
a new-born child is swung to and fro.
i-Gada, for ulixolile read alixolile.
uku-Gadlela, add: To lay a burden of re-
sponsibility, e.g. the educaticn of ons's
child, on a person.
i-GazI, add at end: otherwise the person or
animal would suffer terrible pain before the
wound was healed, if indeed it were ever
to heal. Yalwa yamagazana hipela, he
fought, he was blood all over, i.e. he lost
much blood in the fight.
isi-Gcau, add: Phr. isigcnii sijinga emnyango,
a spider is hanging in the doorway, indicat-
ing the early arrival of a letter or a visitor.
i-Gcwilika, ,v. 3. The sharp tip of an arrow,
which may be a piece of tin from a tin dish
or a needle-pointed piece of hard wood.
isi-Qede, for «. 3. read n. 4.
isi-Gelekeqe, n. 4. A robber. (A word
introduced from the Mines.)
u-Qezo Iwenja, //. 5. Hydrophobia.
uku-Gila, add: To knock down for evil
purposes. (Colloquial and local.)
um-Gilo, n, 6. A sweetheart: uz'usifunele
\igilo emihle,younmst look out some nice
sweethearts for us. (Colloquial and local
to K. W. T. and East London.)
in-Qinlngini, omit.
i-Qitshima, n. 2. = i-Gqwira.
ubu-Qocigocl, n. 7. Going into great detail.
um-QoIozi, n. I. A person who sits on his
haunches waiting to see something or to find
something.
in-Qongoma, add: The main point of a
subject.
uku-Gonya, v. To give medicine (roots) to
counteract the effects of isi-Poso.
i-Qqabi, read: dimin. igqatyana.
uku-Qqalela, v. t. To pay attention to a
subject.
in-QqaIe!o, n. 3. Attention, care ; a plan.
u-Qqazo, n. 5. A certain way of tying the
qtya, adopted by 'Red' women. Two ker-
chiefs are used instead of one.
um-Qqeku, add: Used similarly of the young
of goats aud other small stock.
uku-Qqeneneza, v. i. Of a preacher or
speaker, to be given to much gesticulation.
Qqengegqenge, adj. Fiery red, of the sun ;
glaring red, of a dress or blanket.
um-Qqibelelisi, for n. i. read w. I.
in-Qqobdko, n. $. = u-Gqobdko.
in-(lq6nifiya, read in-Gqomfiya.
u-Qqongo, «. 5- A large, long cylindrical
tin-vessel or pitcher.
u-Qqoro, n. 5. A thin person or thing:
ugqoro lomntu, a thin man.
in-Qqote, for n. 2. read n. 3.
i-Gquba, add: Phr. ukutsha kwegquba, lit. the
burning of a cattle-kraal, i.e. an old case
that never ends.
ukuti-Qqubutu, add: To come up on one
and cover him suddenly.
ukuti-GqudU, v. i. Of a person, to trip or
stumble once.
ukuti-Ggudugqudu, uku-Qguduza, and
uku-Gquduzela, v. To stumble.
um-Qubo, add: umguho ka pezulu, flour from
mpundulu, i.e. the charred substance where
lightning has struck; also applied to
a medicine or charm used to bewitch
another.
uku-Gubula, add: To scrape off the surface
of an old mud-floor, preparatory to renew-
ing the floor.
uku-GudIa, add: To take a winding track
instead of following a direct course.
isi-Guli, n. 4. A sickly person.
ukuti-Guzu, V. t. To cut off, remove :y/Vl-
guzu elasehe, remove that branch.
-Gxangezi, n. 2. A generic name for grass-
warblers.
in-Gxinde, «. 3. The Cape rock-thrush,
Monticola rupestris ( Vieill.) ; - u-Ngximde.
Habalil interj. The cry used to frighten
u-Nomyayi from the gardens.
i-HASi, n. 3. A young motherless animal
that is being reared as a pet, or a mother-
Jess child that is being brought up by
another; fr. Du. bans, the name always
given to a motherless lamb.
um-HIa, under mhlaiia add: kumhlana ndiyi-
bonayo apa, it is to-day, i.e. it is the first
occasion, I see this here.
uku-Hlaba, add: The war-cry \v3is' I-i-i-ivu!
Babambene ngazo e-Nantsi.'
um-Hlabelo, add: Or, a mixture of medicines
roasted and ground fine and rubbed into
cuts.
uku-Hlamba, add: To disinherit, which is
formally done by rinsing the mouth with a
mouthful of milk into which some blood
from a dog's ear has been dropped, and
spitting it forcibly out.
ubu-Hlanga, for «. I. read «. 7.
u-Hlantlaiala, substitute: One who has no
friends and is uncared for.
p. 158, col. I : in-Tlekisa, for w. 2. read n. 3.
uku-filikihia, add: To obliterate a spittle
with the foot, as a native is in the habit
of doing.
ukuti-Hlofo, V. To pierce once with a sharp
instrument, as e.g. when dishing up meat
with a fork or when probing a cake with a
fork to see if it is ready,
uku-Hlofoza, v. To keep on piercing
with a sharp instrument ; = uku-Fohloza.
ukuti-Hlungu, v. i. To separate (oneself)
from others: ama-Xbsa azite-hlungu ema-
Mfengwini, the Kafirs drew apart and
separated themselves from the Fingos.
um-Hlunguti, add: Out of this tree Ntsikana
is said to have cut his coffin.
uku-Hlupeza, after 'fire' add: or the head of
a kingfisher.
Hoha, add: A dog in pursuit of a pig is
represented as saying: yintoni? ngoku !
ngoku! ngoku! What's wrong? Now! now!
now ! and the running pig as replying ndim !
hoha ! hoha ! hoha ! it's 1 1 wait-a-bit !
i-Hokoha, n. 3. Insatiable desire (for food):
lomntu unehokoha, this person is insatiable.
u-Hongohongo, add: A person that is not
easily satisfied with food.
uku-Hushuza, after 'fro' read: in the smoke
of isi-Futo,
519
in-Ja, add ; Used as a term of depreciation
ipume yayiiija, the colour (of the garment)
has come out very badly.
ukuti-Jezu, v. t. To get a glimpse of a thing:
inyamakazi ndiyite-jezu, I merely got a
glimpse of the buck.
Jiji, adv. used to express noise made by the
feet, and appearing in the Kafir war-cry :
mayingene madoda, kade sihamba jiji.
in-Jilapetu, n. 3. A matter already discussed
and dropped in the past, and now brought
up again.
u-Jokojoko, «. 5. The continuance of a
process without cessation.
uku-Juba, for udizakujaba read udizakujiiha.
i-Jubelo, n. 2. A scrap or fragment, applied
e.g. to the scraps of meat given to the men
who help in skinning a dead cow, or to the
tickey given by one v/ho is flush of money
to the person who is accompanying him to
the shop.
uku-Jweda, v. i. To keep on crying, as a
child ; = iikii-Lila.
uku-Kahlela, is used as a greeting in the form
ndiyakahlcla, zikiilu !
in-Kakayezi, for n. 2. read n. 3.
uku-Kakaza, add : Of a child, to let milk
come down over the chin when eating
amasi.
u-Kamba, n. 5. add : a\so = i-Mpofu.
uku-Kanisa, v. t. To lie in wait for.
u-Kanyo, n. 5. Light, enlightenment, civi-
lisation.
Kapukapu, add : ndikapiikapu, I am in poor
circumstances.
in-Kataielo, n. 3. Care, painstaking effort.
Katanadtu, read Katandatu.
uku-Katazisa, v. t. To bring into trouble,
annoy: mus' iikundikatazisa ngalamntii,
don't trouble me by what that person is
saying or doing.
i-Kaya, add: The 'den' in the game of
in-Totshe.
i-K6hle, n. 2. substitute : Properly one who
has 'kehla'd(Zulu), i.e. assumed the head-
ring; the name is an honourable title for an
old man.
i-Kelekele, n. 2. A cricket.
uku-Keleleka, read: Kelelela.
ukuti-Kencekence, v. i. Of a bell, to tinkle,
ring.
uku-Kenceza, add: Of a person, to talk
loudly.
uku-Kencezela, r. i. To ring a bell beside
a person.
i-Kepekepe, n. J. read ; uhu-Kepekepe.
uku-KERA, V. To peel a pumpkin, potatoes,
= tiku-
isi-KERl, n. 4. Scissors, fr. Du. skeer.
i-Kewu, n. 2. A duck.
ukuti-KihIi, v. To fall off or down;:
K'llilika.
uku-Kitaza, read Khaza.
i-Kohoha, w. 2. HI. Hunger.
uku-K6kelisa, v. t. To make a person or
animal lead: kokelisa lankivenkwe, make
that boy go first ; kokelisa lankabi, put that
ox in the front of the span.
in-Konde, it. 2. read n. 3.
um-K6ndo, =isi-Cakadi.
in-Kdngozelo, read: in-Kongozelo.
in-K6njane, read : in-Konjane.
i-KoPOLO, n. 2. The chief of the police; fr.
corporal.
in-Kosi, add: The ace in cards.
ukuti-K6tululu, V. To scrape out thorough-
ly: ndiyiti-kotululu yonke, I have scraped it
all out.
isi-Kdva, add : The Jack or knave in cards.
u-K6zi, add: One species known as ukozi is
believed to carry off in summer a supply of
chickens to a safe hiding-place in which it
rests during the moulting period, and
where it is prevented from starving by its
forethought in providing itself with food.
in-Kubusha, «. 3. A big person ; = motm/m
Kuk6, at end, read : Kd 2, e.
in-Kulelwano, «. 3. Adoption. When how-
ever adoption occurs among the Kafirs it
is regarded as so complete that it is not
even mentioned.
Kulu, in 1, 7 for enkiUu read inkulu, and
translate: this thing is great. Delete 'which'
Kakulu, add: and i-KakuIu.
in-Kundla, read: Dimin. inkundlana.
ukuti-Kutu, V. i. To become abraded, to lose
the hair.
iku-Kwitsha, add: liyakwitsha, the sky is
drizzling.
um-Kwitsho, n. 6. A drizzling rain.
uku-Lakaty ula, = ukuti-Lakatyu.
-Langa, add: Children sing to the sun:
vela, langa, vela, iwiutwana wako ndiyakumpa
inqaka, come forth, sun, come forth ! I'll give
your child inqaka.
uku-Laqaza and Laqaiaqaza, v. i. To
keep turning the eyes about in a restless or
fidgety manner, instead of looking at the
person to whom one is speaking.
ubu-Lau, «. 7. The nature belonging to thq
Hottentot.
uku-Lenga, v. t. To pull (a cow out of a
hole or over a river) by means of a rope ;
= uku-Tsala,
Ukuti-Lenye, for ite-tenye read itiwe-letiye.
uku-Lenyela, read Lenyezelw, and for wate-
nyilwa read ivalenyezelwa.
u-Limo, n. 5. Ploughing.
i-Loka «, 2, and ubu-Loka, n. 7. HI. That
which tastes and smells sweet ; sweetness :
into ebuloka, a fine, beautiful thing.
Uku-Luina, add: To cure a wound caused
by a dog-bite, a few hairs of the dog are
taken and burnt and the ash is rubbed into
the wound; ihokwe iyaluma, goat's flesh
pains the stomach.
i-Lunda, add: ukunyusa ilunda, to become
vain, 'put on side'.
Mdaka, add: umdaka otnnyama, a way of
praising a person; umdaka ohomvu, a way
of praising a cow.
kwa-Mfamlibe, adv. Long ago.
isi-Mokotwana, n. 4. An angry person who
does not speak.
u-Mololwane, n. I. A plant used to make a
soothing poultice for a sore.
i-Monqwane, n. 3. A difficulty.
ukuti-Mpompo, v. i. Of water, etc., to
bubble up; from the sound.
N, add: in a few words iV is aspirated and
written «'.• i-Nono, ubu-Nono.
p. 243, col. 1 : for uku-Nakana, read Naka-
Hdna.
um-Nama, add: Also, Cape Teak, Strychnos
atherstonei Harv.
uku-Namata, v. i. HI. To come in contact
with something; to lay hold of it; to
persevere determinedly in endeavouring to
attach guilt to a person. (Seldom used).
Naye, aux.: for nanisehena read tianisebenza.
Naye, prep, na with pron., add: he also.
i-Ncence, n. 3. A thin piece of tin or flat
sheet of zinc : incence yotiili, a dust-pan.
Nco, add: fig. a heathen kraal which shews
some marks of civilisation.
uku-Ncokolelana, add: To chat together.
ukuti-Ncotvi, V. t. To pull (a stick) out of
the ground; v. i. To shoot up in stature:
ute-ncotu kunam, he is taller than I ; wayeie-
ncotti, he was above middle stature.
i-Ncunye, n. 3. HI. A sharp-pointed assegai.
ili-Ncwelomntu, n. 2. A short thunderstorm,
indicating the passing of a thief.
ukuti-Ndia, v. Of the eyes, to be wide open
and staring.
Ndobiyiya and Ndobiyana, interj. used to
frighten ii-Nomyayi from the gardens; per-
haps in imitation of one of the bird's cries.
Q3
N
ama-NDUKULA, n. 2. pi. Disinfecting fluid
for destroying the germs in a hut after a
case of infectious disease ; from Macdoug-
all's sheep-dip, commonly so used.
ama-Ndundu, n, 2. pi. A crisis, when things
come to a dangerous pass.
ukuti-Ngcile, v. i. To give a single hop on
one leg.
uku-Ngcilela, 1^. To hop on one leg.
Ngelityi, adv. with a vengeance,
p. 264, col. 2: for um-Nqemba read urn-
Ngqemha.
uku-Ngena, in 1. 9 for ndiyigene read ndiyinge-
ne.
uku-Ngqodoza, v. To eat slowly.
i-Ngqodoza, n. 3. One who acts in a
slow, deliberate way.
um-Ngquli, n. I. One who overthrows
another: nutgqtdiwentlanga! over thrower of
the nations!
uku-Ngqungqa, add: To go in a band from
kraal to kraal, as girls do, dancing in front
of them and begging food for an intonjane.
um-Ngqungqo, «. 6. The dance at the
close of the intonjane.
u-Ngximde, n. i. The Cape Rock-thrush,
Monticola rupestris (Vieill.) and the Senti-
nel Rock-thrush, M. expl orator (Vieill.)
-Ngxushungxushu, w. 3. Din, tumult.
uku-Ngxutala, v. i. To act hastily.
Ni, contracted from Nina, indef. pron. Any:
tianto-ni yakumhlela, when anything happened
to him.
um-Nika-mbiba, = tim-Nuka-mbiba.
Njanjalala, n. 2. HI. Chronic dysentery.
ubu-Nje, n. 7. Being in this condition (known
or just described).
u-Nkonkoshe, n. I. Whoopingcough,fr.Du.
kinkhoest.
Nkwatyunkwatyu, adj. Of a dress without
starch or stiffening, clinging to one's
person.
u-Nohilikazi, n. I. An old unmarried Kafir;
see u-Hili (App. I).
u-Nokutuka, n. I. The Laughing dove,
Turtur senegalensis (L.), from the render-
ing of its cry: ndigqibel'ukukiktuka, I've been
completely chafed.
uku-Nona, v. To give a chief his portion at
a beer-drink, which he drinks before
the others begin to drink.
u-Nonyanya, n. I. from u-Nyanya. The
leader in dancing.
u-Nontshinga, n. i. from in-Tshinga. A
follower of Maqoma; in later times, one of
the Cape Corps.
521
N
u-Notaka, n. I. lit. the jumper. A little pin
fig. one of a sect who will have nothing to
do with Europeans and whose services are
characterised by swaying and contortions
of the body.
u-Notwal' impahla, n. i. lit. one who
carries his goods. A person who doesn't
settle down, but who is continually on the
move.
u-Notwal' impahlana, «. I. lit. one who
carries a little burden. A destructive
species of termite ; = i-Ranxa.
u-Noxents' enkunkumeni, «. i. lit. one
dancing in rubbish. A term of reproach
used by Christianised natives for the 'reds'
who indulge in heathen practices.
i-Nqala, add: One who keeps a grudge for
a long time.
um-Nqantsi, add: fig. the penis of a young
boy.
Nqafa! interj. The greeting given to an
umdlezana, when she is still in the hut;
nqara, nqara, mdlczana!
i-Nqata, n. 3. A kind of bird, brown with
white breast, found in forests on the coast.
um-Nqate, add: used by the women as a
euphemistic name for the penis.
uku-Nqatuka, v. To have a sore such as is
caused by burning ; = uku-Xatuka.
uku-Nqawisa, v. To help another to search
for a lost person, animal or thing.
i-Nqelekuma, n. 2. An illegitimate child.
i-Nqobo, add: The substance, chief matter
(of a speech).
uku-Nqoloba, add: To lie in wait to attack.
ura-Nqonqo, add: Head of the spine, nape
of the neck.
uku-NqotuIa, v. To cut the hair (of the
head).
um-Nqu, ;/. I. Em. The Black-crowned
Bus' -shrike. Pomatorhynchus senegalus
(L.);^im-Bdmhd.
p. 287, col. 2: for uku-NpufuIeka read
Nquruleka.
ama-Nqwanqwa, add: News-notes in brief,
'chips of news'.
i-Ntlakuse, h. 3. A grub, similar to intlava.
i-Ntlandlolo, «. 2. usually in plur. Ancient
time ; mantlandlolo , in old times.
i-Ntlilikiti, n. 3. White maize with large
grains.
uku-Ntshwenca, v. i. Em. To wither, dry
up ; = uku-Ntslnvciiya.
i-Ntshwenya, «. 3. A withered, dried-up
thing; old, flabby meat.
um-Ntunzi, n. 6. Em. A tree ; = i-Ntu/tzi.
N
uku-Ntwantwa, v. i. HI. To speak quietly
in a dispute or quarrel, or to speak as one
who is afraid.
i-NTYANKOSi, H. 3. Whooping-cough; fr.
Du. kinkhoest.
uku-Ntywizisa, for 'to cry aloud' substitute
'to weep silently'.
i-Nunu, add: Dimin. inumvafia.
i-Nxuwa, for n. 3. read «. 2.
ukuti-Nya, v. i. To be in the midst of others,
to go along with others.
uku-Nyabela and uku-Nyibela, v. t. To put
too much fat on the face; to smear
thoroughly with fat.
ubu-Nyana, «. 7. Sonship.
i-Nyafini, for «. 3. read w. 2.
u-Nyafini, ti. I. A person with red eyes, so
called from the bird with its brilliant
golden eyes.
uku-Nyasha, in 1. 3 ^''^r 'walk' read 'work'.
uku-Nyatama, v. i. To flee to, or hide in a
safe place.
uku-Nyatela, in 1. 9 for tinyatela read unyatile.
i-Nyatelo, n. 2. = i-Nyatela.
i-Nyelenzi, «. 3. HI. The month of confine-
ment.
uku-Nyengeka, v. i. HI. To go slowly and
proudly, caring for nobody ; = uku-Nyantsu-
la ; also = uhi-Nyongoba.
uku-Nyibela, see uku-Nyabela above.
-Nyikityawe, n. 3. A copious sweating.
uku-Nyinga, v. t. To borrow, esp. of a young
man borrowing a handkerchief or other
trifle from a girl and giving her something
in return.
— Nyingisa, v. To cause to borrow, as
above; to lend.
uku-Nyingeka, add: perf. ind. used as a
noun : ngunyingekile, it is an insect.
uku-Nyinya, v. t. To pull tightly, as when
tying a thong.
ubu-Nyoka, «. 7. Snake nature: wayenza
bunyoka, he acted stealthily.
ukn-Nyola, = uku-Nyona; see Diet.
i-NydIi or i-Ny6ri, (English 'r'), n. 3. A
man with one eye.
uku-Nyona, Em.; = uku-Nyola.
i-Nyondonyondo, for n. 3. read ?(. 2, mostly
used in plur. ama-Nyondonyondo ; and add:
-ama-Hlazo.
i-NydfoIo, «. 3. add: A one-eyed man.
u-Nyovu, add: Fig. confused and contra-
dictory talk.
ama-Nyukunyuku, n. 2. pi. used as adj.
Easily tickled, as under the arm-pit or on
the sole of the foot.
522
N
uku-Nzeza, v. t. HI. To gaze, stare; fig.=
uku-Cama.
O, is also used (plural of cl. I.) in a collective
sense, being attached to the first of a series
of names : o-Sandile no-Sarili.
um-Oba, n. 6. HI. Sugar-cane.
Obunga, in 1. 5. for ohunge read ohunge.
p. 313, col. I. kuseloko, for prep, read
adv. conj.
Okunye, for Nye 6 read Nye 7.
uk-Olulela, for ndizohile read ndizolulele.
Olunga, after 'mortar' insert 'which'.
um-Pa, «. 6. The Black-shouldered Kite,
Elanus casruleus (Desf.j.
uku-Palala, for yampalela read yampalala.
isi-Paluka, for n. 2. read n. 4.
im-Pambampamba n. 3. One who dodges
about.
um-Pamb6, add: umpamho wendoda, a mighty-
man.
ukuti-Pambu, r./.Toturnasideoutoftheroad.
u-Pasalako, w. 5. Discord.
ukuti-PasuIulu, v. i. To get up quickly.
im-Pazamo, n. 3. An error, mistake.
Pe, substitute: interj. 'I'm finished!' When a
number of boys are eating together, they
use this word when they are finished eating,
implying that by finishing quickly they
have escaped the dish-washing; this is the
root of Pela and Peza.
ukuti-Pe, (short e), v. i. To run fast, hurry ; =
%iku-Baleka.
uku-Pelekezelela, v. To accompany ; =
ukii-Peleka.
ukuti-Pepu, V. i. To turn over quickly, cap-
size : inqwelo ite-pepu eludongeni, the wagon
went down a bank and was overturned.
uku-Pisela, for ' to burn charms in order to
protect cattle' read 'to charm cattle by
using itambo lehlengezi for the purpose of
increasing the herd; cf. uku-Sukula'
uku-Pitshiza, v. To tie up one's skirts, in a
great hurry to walk.
ulu-Pd n. 5. A gift.
um-P6ngo, n. 6. A great, towering mass,
as of a column or cloud of rain in a storm.
uku-P6seIa, add: To bewitch by throwing
certain things into a man's garden.
im-Pumlo, add: Phr. sitya ide ipume nange-
mputnlo, we eat till it comes out even at the
nose, i.e. we eat too much.
isi-Pumo, «. 4. Outcome, decision in a case.
im-Pundulu, add: The lightning-bird is
believed to be fond of milk ; accordingly
the witch-doctor puts poisonous herbs into
a bowl of milk that the bird may come and
drink it and die.
ukuti-Pungupungu, v. i. To look from side
to side.
um-Punzisa, add: indlala yompunzisa, in the
Kafir reckoning, stands for the year 1885.
i-Qamtwa, n. 2. HI. A milk-sack.
i-Qiqibala, n. 2. = i-Gitshima and i-Gqwira.
i-Qdbo, read i-Qoho.
isi-QodoIo, n. 4. One tied up, bound by
custom and rule.
ukuti-QoIokote, v. i. To go in among a
number of people.
u-Qondovu, «. l. = u-Bdtnali.
isi-Qoqo, n. 4. Notched work ; = i-Qoqa.
u-Qoqo, add : iqosh' eUnoqoqo, money, from
its milled edge.
um-Q6fo, n. 6. An old thing, esp. an old
animal, such as a cow or a horse.
um-Qot6ngo, n. 6. Porridge made of amasi
and mealie meal boiled together.
uku-Ququzelela, v. To work hard at
preparation or other work.
u-Qwaka, n. 5. A shrub with edible berries
larger than those of in-Tlakotshaue.
ukuti-Qwenge, v. i. To dawn, of the first
light before red dawn.
ing-Qwisha, read in-Qwisha.
i-Raiafa, as adj. Having a gorget (of any
colour), as e.g. the birds ingqwajigi and
inqilo have.
ukuti-Ram, v. i. To give out an odour or
smell.
ama-Reledwane, n. 2. pi. Robbers. (Intro-
duced from the Mines.)
i-Rhangarhanga, n. 2. Great blaze (of a fire).
isi-l^hangarhanga, n. 4. A person not
right in his head.
i-Rhangqa, n. 2. HI. Brandy.
uku-Rina and Rinela, t>. HI. To give a dress
a finished appearance by embroidery ; to
dress finely (the hair) ; to rub a horse well
down ; lotnntu sclerinele, that man has given
his body a glossy appearance (by having
himself rubbed with red clay and fat) ; fig.
to bring small offerings; to slaughter for
the igqira.
ukuti-RoIonqo, v. i. To draw up something
out of a hole.
i-^ofo, w. 2. Em. The hip-bone ; = /«-75M/a.
um-RuIa, n. 6. HI. A small snake used by
the women for takata-mg purposes.
ukuti-Ruqu, v. i. To be weary of a thing.
ukuti-Rwece and uku-^weca, read ukutt-
Rwece and uku-Rweca.
uku-Rwempa, read uku-Rwempa.
int-Sadalala, n. 3. A drunkard (probably
from his commonly prostrate form.)
523
uku-Safaza, v. t. To scatter about.
Shushu, add: kumShushu, at the Lock
hospital, in alhision either to the pain
that has to be endured bj' the person
under treatment, or else to the rigour of
the treatment.
int-Shwaqane, transfer from in-Tskwaqatte.
um-Si, add: Of the colour of smoke, bluish-
grey.
ubu-Si, add: adj. Of a sweet taste: lekofu
ibusi, this coffee is too sweet.
SIbi, used in Phr. usitide vgesika-Sibi, he
narrowly escaped.
uku-Singata, add : To have in hand (busi-
ness, etc).
uku-Sisiza, v. i. Of birds, to chatter.
u-5itupa, n. l. The thumb; seetn-Tupa;
also, the number six, from the way in
which 'six' is indicated by the hands.
u-Slxenxe, n. I. 'Number seven', i.e. odd
man; one who does not certainly belong to
any party but who shuffles between the
different parties: ti-Naiitsi ttgusixenxe, So-
and-so sits on the fence.
u-5oininyanya, w. i. A patron saint.
i-Somweshi, «. 2. HI. A kind of hawk.
isi-Sukulo, add: For doctoring a field, part
of an animal (e.g. the paw of an ant-bear)
or of a plant, or shells are put among the
seed.
uku-Sulela, add: To play 'last touch' as
children do when on the point of separa-
ting from one another.
uku-Su!eIela, for sisulelwe read sisuleldwe.
i-Suntsu, for n. 6, read ti. 2.
uku-Tabasa, v. i. To walk in a swaggering
manner.
i-Tala, delete ' ilala lemviilu is the name of a
children's game'. This should be n-Telele
'mvubu.
ukuti-Tande, v. t. To bind, twist cords
round, v. i. Of people, to fill up a house or
hall completely, to be closely packed in a
meeting.
um-Tatsi, n. 6. A dance of young men.
isi-Tebe, add: Euphemistic name ior i-Vuzi.
u-T^betebana, «. i. The South African
Kestrel, Cerchneis rupicola (Daiid,) ; = in-
Tambanana.
uku-Tekeleka, v.. HI. To be fastened; to
be bindable.
— Tekeleza, v. t. HI. To fasten, to tie
round the body or together.
uku-Teleka, v. HI. To put a pot on the fire
or beside the fire.
i-Telekl, n. 2. HI. That which is fine,
beautiful.
u-Telele' mvubu, «. i. A children's game
described under im-Vubu.
uku-Teleza, v. i. HI. To slip, slide on wet
ground; to limp.
in-Tete, add: Assimilated word, formed
from the word 'united', for the United
Free Church of Scotland.
i-TlMITI, ;/. 3. A tea-meeting (Eng.); also
used jokingly by the 'reds' for a beer-drink.
isi-TlSHi, n. 4. A railway-station; fr. the Eng.
in-Tlama, ;/. 3. add: Dimin. iutlanyana, leaves
or roots powdered up and mixed with
water to a doughy consistence to be used
as a poultice.
in-TIandlokazi, «. 3. A bird of prey, perhaps
the Black-shouldered Kite, Elanus caeruleus
[Dcsf.).
i-Tbhoi\,=^ i-Xobotl
in-Tluzo, add: Also euphemistically used for
the wetting of a nurse's lap by an infant.
in-Tsheli, n. 3. One who sticks, say, to a
bucking horse ; a good rider.
um-Tshayelelo, ». 6. Preparations for a
great event.
i-TSHETSHi, n. 3. The Anglican Church, fr.
Eng. church.
in-Tshinga, add: A name for the Red-faced
mouse-bird ; = in- Tshili.
in-Tshiyelana, read in-Tshiyelane.
in-Tshizane, n. 3. A slight drizzle of rain; =
um-Kutnezelo.
ama-Tsila, n. 2. pi. Tortures.
in-Tsindenkala, «. 3. A sweet kind of grass,
of which horses are very fond.
uku Tula, I. add : Of a bride, to reach the
period when she is allowed to raise her
qiya off her forehead and to discard the
xakata~\ng method of wearing her shawl.
i-TUMENTE, n. 3. A cricket-match, fr. Eng.
tournament.
uku-Tundeza, add: To broach a subject
gently.
u-Tungo, n. 5. also: A sewing, as e.g. a
number of women working at the mending
of a wagon-sail.
in-Tutyane, n. 3. The red-capped lark, so
called in TernhnXand •, = in-Tibane.
ukuti-TwabuIulu, v. t. To stretch out, e. g.
one's legs.
i-Tywatyu, n. 2. An elastic substance; as
adj. Elastic.
Twatyutwatyu, adj. Soft and yielding, as
a wet riem.
524
uku-Tyama, v. i. HI. To tie up, wrap up,
envelop; to sleep.
i-Tyanti, for n. 3. read n. 2.
i-Tyatyuva, n. 2. HI. A fin; a great pimple.
ukuti-Tyede, v. i. To be twisted : ndityede ke
isihlahla, my wrist is twisted,
u-Tyeketyeke, «. l. A children's game,
played by placing their fists alternately one
on the other.
um-Tyekezo, n. 6. Excess of milk thrown up
by a child after it has sucked.
uku-Tyeshela, add: To avoid, be lazy in
regard to (a piece of work).
ukuti-Tyete, v. To throw off a blanket or
coat from the shoulders.
ama-Tyintyi, n. 2. pi. A small shower of rain.
uku-Tyiva, v. Em. To put out a fire.
uku-Tyutuzela, v. To act precipitately and
without thought.
i-Tyutyusi, n. 2. A person who is useless in
defending himself; a coward ; = /-ryM<j«w.
ukuti-Vuxa, v, i. To sit down at one's ease.
uku-Wawasa, v. i. To eat with the gums,
as a toothless person.
u-Waya, for ezilmvaya read ziluwaya.
ukuti-Wuxu, V. To subside, as a river that
has been in flood: umlamho ute-wuxu, the
river has gone down ; to be quite empty, as
a dish out of which all the contents have
been poured : ite-wuxu, it's quite empty.
X, add : Z in a number of cases interchanges
with k, as Xamfu, Kamfu ; Xaxamftda, Xaka-
mfula; Xaxavitt, Xakavitt.
isi-Xanga, «. 4. HI. A spear, knife or any
cutting instrument.
ukuti-Xatii, v. i. To have the skin abraded,
or the hair o^/inpsiXches: ihashe lamlite-
xatu yibula, my horse has patches of mange ;
also, to take a handful, = uku-Capula.
uku-Xela, add: If the animal slaughtered at
a marriage does not bellow, this is a bad
omen, over which the people are worried.
um-Xino, n. 6. Power of holding out,
staying power (in a runner, etc.)
ukuti-Xishini, v. i. To keep on steadily at a
\\\mg; = ukuti-Qd.
ukuti-Xobululu, v. add: To become covered
with sores.
ukuti-Xozu, V. t. To strip off loose bark; to
graze one's skin, as a projecting piece of
wood might do to a passer-by.
uku-Xuka, v. i. HI. To be lame, to limp.
isi-Xukulu, n. 4. An angry person; also, as
adj. : tiliuba sixuhilu, to be angry,
uku-Xuluba, v. i. HI. To steal.
ukuti-Yabalala, add : To become suddenly
silent.
Yina ! interj. of address. You there I I say I
i-Zala, also: A heap of mealies ready to be
garnered in.
ubu-Zala, n. 7. Lochia.
i-Zanankungu, n. 2, HI. One of twins.
Zi, 3. 1. 6, read: izitya owopeka ngazo.
um Zukulwana, for «. 6. read «. i.
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We look to all ffatives and Qdristian Missions for Support.
LOVEDALE KAFIR READERS, are First, Best and Cheapest.
PRIMERS, No. I, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5.
"UHAMBO LO MHAMBI" by Rev. Tiyo Soga.
This Book is the finest Kafir Printed.
KAFIR PHRASE BOOKS.
PHRASE BOOKS AND VOCABULARIES.
OUTLINES OF KAFIR GRAMMAR. GRAMMARS.
ENGLISH KAFIR DICTIONARY, and various other
books
HYMN BOOKS, for the various churches.
RE-REVISED AND APPLEYARDS KAFIR BIBLES.
CATALOGUES ON APPLICATION 11 CHEQUES AND POSTAL ORDERS
ORDERS MANAGER, JAMES HENDERSON,
LOVEDALE MISSION PRESS.
14 DAY USE
RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED
LOAN DEPT.
This book is due on the last date stamped below, or
on the date to which renewed.
Renewed books are subject to immediate recall.
IV1AY10 196S7 6
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MAS 91970 51
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General Library
University of California
Berkeley
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