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THE   KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


THE 
KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


A  MANUAL 

OF   DESCRIPTIVE,   HISTORICAL,  AND   STATISTICAL 

FACTS  CONCERNING 

THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  FRATERNITY 


BY 

BOUTWELL DUNLAP 

National  Historian  of  Kappa  Sigma 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE  FRATERNITY 


NASHVILLE 

THE  CUMBERLAND  PRESS 

1907 


LJ7£T 


V 


cfl" 


CONTENTS 


PAOF 

The  Founding  of  Kappa  Sigma  ii 

The  Founders  of  Kappa  Sigma  29 

The  European  Tradition  49 

The  Extension  of  the  Fraternity  60 

Chapter  Roll  of  Kappa  Sigma  79-8i 

Statistics  of  Kappa  Sigma  Colleges  82-84 

The  Alumni  85 

The  Government  91 

Past  S.  E.  C's.  of  Kappa  Sigma  100 

Homes  of  Kappa  Sigma  107 

The  Publications  hi 

Other  Fraternities  119 

Ballade  of  Fraternities  128 

Appendix  A:    Fraternities  in  Kappa  Sigma  Colleges  130 

Appendix  B:    The  Chapters  of  Kappa  Sigma  141 

Map  of  Active  Chapters  of  Kappa  Sigma  161 

Map  Showing  Distribution  of  Kappa  Sigma  Alumni  163 


180948 


INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS 


Portraits. 

Kappa  Sigma  Chapter  Houses. 

Other  Illustrations  and  Maps. 

Portraits — 
Arnold,   George   Miles,   1870    

— 1871 

—1876 

and  S.  I.  North,  1870. . 

Boyd,  John  Covert,  1905 

Davis,    Jefferson 

Farr,   Finis   King 

Ferguson,    Jeremiah    Sweetser 

Jackson,    Stephen   Alonzo 

McCormick,   William   Grigsby,    1869 

—1905 

Martin,    Herbert    Milton 

Martin,    Stanley    Watkins 

Neal,    John    Randolph 

Nicodemus,  Frank  Courtney,  1904 , 

North,  Samuel  Isham,  1904 

and  G.  M.  Arnold,  1870. 

Rogers,   Ed   Law,    1883 

in  character 

Semmes,  John   Edward 

Thomas,    George    Leiper 


Kappa  Sigma  Chapter  Houses — 

Arkansas     115 

Baker     71 

Bowdoin     118 

California     78 

Case     65 

Chicago,    interior     10,3 

Colorado    College    121 

Colorado    Mines    63 

Cornell 108 

interior    67 

George    Washington     69 

Harvard,   interior    75 


Idaho     

Illinois     

Iowa     

Lake   Forest    . . . 

Lehigh     

Maine     

Maryland    

Michigan 

Minnesota     

Missouri     ...... 

Nebraska    

New   Hampshire 


'AGE 

35 

34 
36 
20 

43 
89 
95 
97 
66 
30 
28 
98 
99 
96 
41 
46 
20 
38 
39 
45 


112 

64 

106 

68 

109 

122 

87 

52 

57 

70 

116 

123 


PAGE 

New    York    54      Syracuse    114 

0.  S.  U.   53      Texas     113 

Oregon    56      Virginia     32 

Pennsylvania     72      Washington  and  Jefferson   117 

Purdue    58      Wisconsin     77 

Stanford     55      Wofford    120 

interior    67 

Other  Illustrations  and  Maps — 

Alumni  of  Kappa  Sigma   (map) 163 

Bologna     10 

Bologna,   University   of 50 

Business   Office  of   Kappa   Sigma 94 

Caduceus  of  Kappa  Sigma,  The no 

Campo   Santo,   Interior  of 51 

Chapel,  University  of  Virginia 18 

Chapters  of  Kappa  Sigma   (map) 161 

Charter  of  Kappa  Sigma  Chapters 61 

Chicago  Special  en  route  to  a  Conclave 101 

Conclave   Group,    1906 93 

District    Conclave,    A 104 

Eutaw    House,    Baltimore 92 

Faculty  of  the  University  of  Virginia,  1870 25 

First  Kappa  Sigma  House,  Virginia,  1870 23 

Five  O'clock  Club  at  a  Conclave 105 

Forty-six   East  Lawn,  University  of  Virginia,  exterior 15 

interior 16 

location 14 

"Hot  Feet"  Coronation,  University  of  Virginia 129 

Kappa  Sigma  Headquarters  at  Brown 62 

Kappa  Sigma  Alumni    (map) 163 

Kappa  Sigma  Chapters   (map) 161 

Location  of  46  East  Lawn,  University  of  Virginia 14 

McCormick  Observatory,  University  of  Virginia 26 

Membership  Certificate  of  Kappa  Sigma 88 

New  York  Alumni  en  route  to  a  Conclave 102 

Old  Grads  Returned,  Group  of 90 

Rotunda,    University    of    Virginia 59 

Rotunda  and  the  Lawns,  University  of  Virginia 13 

Typical  American  College  Scene,  A 129 

University  of  Bologna,   The 5° 


"A  good  fraternity  is  recognized  as  a  good  thing.  Those  who  have  en- 
joyed its  fellowship  understand  its  advantages.  In  those  who  have  not 
experienced  that  blessing  of  boyhood  life,  no  amount  of  argument  can  ex- 
cite an  appreciation  of  its  value.  The  closest  friendships  you  and  I  have 
to-day  were  formed  before  we  became  of  age,  in  the  walls  of  our  chapter 
house.  Age,  occupation,  distance,  separation,  new  associations,  have  no 
influence  upon  friendships  that  are  formed  under  such  circumstances. 
You  may  not  have  seen  him  for  a  third  of  a  century;  you  may  not  have 
heard  his  name  for  a  generation;  the  path  of  his  life  may  have  led  him  to 
the  Antipodes,  but,  when  you  come  face  to  face  with  a  boy  who  was  initi- 
ated with  you  on  a  frosty  autumn  night,  perhaps  with  absurd  and  silly 
ceremonies,  the  flame  that  often  burns  low,  but  can  never  be  extinguished, 
will  blaze  up  with  a  glow  that  will  warm  the  lives  of  both  of  you;  and 
you  feel  toward  each  other  a  sentiment  that  you  have  never  felt  toward 
any  man  since  the  day  you  graduated.  I  have  met  members  of  my  fra- 
ternity in  odd  corners  of  the  world.  Among  the  Taoist  temples  in  China ; 
in  the  mines  of  the  Andes ;  on  the  banks  of  the  Nile,  and  although  we 
were  strangers  before  and  have  been  strangers  since,  there  was  at  least 
a  few  moments  of  gratification  that  encounters  with  other  people  could  not 
have  inspired.  .  .  .  There  have  been  and  always  will  be,  abuses  of  the  op- 
portunities I  have  described,  but  those  who  are  familiar  with  the  history 
of  college  fraternities  and  will  take  the  trouble  to  examine  their  cata- 
logues will  find  that  the  high  character  of  the  men  who  have  been  members 
are  the  best  endorsement  of  their  advantages.  By  their  personnel  the 
Greek  Letter  Fraternities  may  justly  be  judged." — William  Elcroy  Curtis. 


OF   THE 

UNIVERSITY^ 


BOLOGNA 


THE  FOUNDING   OF   KAPPA   SIGMA 


One  of  the  American  universities  of  which  our  country  should 
be  most  proud  has  recently  celebrated  with  rejoicing  the  begin- 
ning of  an  era  in  her  affairs,  in  the  inauguration  of  her  first  pres- 
ident. New  occasions  now  teach  her  new  duties,  larger  oppor- 
tunity leads  her  to  take  up  tasks  unthought-of  even  by  her  great 
first  founder,  but  by  virtue  of  her  unique  history,  her  matchless 
situation,  her  spirit  of  truth  and  honor,  and  most  of  all  by  the 
example  of  consecration  to  a  worthy  cause  which  those  men  afford 
who  have  served  her  so  long  and  so  faithfully  for  so  small  a 
material  reward,  she  remains  a  blessing  and  a  hope  to  all  the 
region  which  receives  good  influences  from  her  benign  hand. 
She  will  continue  to  influence  all  that  great  civilization  which  has 
flowed  in  a  stream  from  Virginia  across  the  South  and  West, 
as  Harvard  and  Yale  have  influenced  that  civilization  which  has 
gone  out  from  New  England  to  the  Northwest,  and  met  the  other 
upon  the  Pacific  coast. 

The  history  of  such  an  institution,  even  the  history  of  its  be- 
ginning, is  not  a  mere  matter  of  an  act  of  legislature,  or  of  the 
transfer  of  some  millions  from  one  account  to  another  and  the 
commissioning  of  an  architect  to  make  a  new  mixture  of  the  old 
and  the  new.  For  the  history  of  the  University  of  Virginia 
there  would  be  scant  room  in  a  manual  of  this  size.  Amid  circum- 
stances as  romantic  as  ever  surrounded  the  birth  of  any  such  or- 
der, Kappa  Sigma  came  into  existence ;  the  only  college  frater- 
nity of  general  extent  to  which  the  University  of  Virginia  stands 
in  loco  parentis.  There  could  be  no  nobler  mother  among  the 
universities ;  and  it  is  not  those  Kappa  Sigmas  alone  who  have 
stood  beneath  the  Rotunda  and  lived  on  Lawns  and  Ranges,  who 


12  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

feel  pride  and  satisfaction  at  the  influence,  progress  and  prosperity 
of  Old  Virginia. 

When,  in  1868,  William  Grigsby  McCormick,  of  Chicago  and 
Baltimore,  entered  the  University  of  Virginia,  he  found  there  a 
college  system  and  a  college  life  which  could  have  been  at  no  time 
paralleled  anywhere  in  the  North,  nor,  in  all  respects,  even  in  the 
South.  Many  of  the  students  were  men  in  years,  and  every  one 
was  such  in  spirit  and  in  mental  development.  Many  had  seen 
the  face  of  war.  The  most  punctilious  rites  of  gentlemanly  in- 
tercourse, between  student  and  student  and  between  students  and 
faculty,  were  observed,  and  insisted  upon  by  an  inflexible  senti- 
ment. The  system  of  the  university's  government  left  much  to 
the  choice  of  the  individual  student,  asking  only  that  his  con- 
duct should  be  regulated  by  a  keen  sense  of  honor,  as  the  chival- 
rous and  convivial  South  interpreted  that  word.  In  some  sec- 
tions of  the  country,  many  of  the  students  would  have  been  classed 
as  roaring  young  blades ;  in  other  sections  they  might  not  have 
received  so  indulgent  a  title.  Much  went  on  that  would  have 
caused  Cambridge  to  put  up  its  shutters  or  New  Haven  to  bar  its 
doors.  Yet  that  there  was  true  metal  under  all  the  polish,  manly 
integrity  under  all  the  youthful  exuberance,  not  the  South  alone 
makes  answer;  for  wherever  there  is  a  Virginia  man  from  these 
buoyant  years,  there  is  an  honored  citizen  whose  worth  compels 
his  fellows'  confidence. 

The  association  of  McCormick  with  Frank  Courtney  Nicodemus 
and  Edmund  Law  Rogers  had  begun  in  Baltimore,  the  home  of 
all  three  and  the  birthplace  of  the  latter  two.  When  the  circle 
of  friendship  which  enclosed  these  three  was  found,  almost  with- 
out their  knowledge  and  wholly  without  their  premeditation,  to 
have  included  two  others,  George  Miles  Arnold  and  John  Covert 
Boyd,  within  itself,  the  Fraternity  had  its  new  birth.  The  adop- 
tion of  its  historical  and  traditional  name  and  ritualistic  basis  was 
a  matter  only  of  detail ;  its  oath  was  merely  the  putting  in  words 
of  vows  already  realized  in  the  lives  of  the  founders ;  its  future 
extension  was  yet  upon  the  knees  of  the  gods.  Adopting  to  some 
extent  a  form  suggested  by  the  customs  of  the  student  life  in 
which  they  had  a  part,  the  Five  Friends  and  Brothers  organized 
the  Kappa  Sigma  Fraternity. 


UNIVERSITY 

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14 


THE  FOUNDING  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


From  the  classic  Rotunda  which  forms  the  center  of  Virginia's 
noble  group  of  buildings,  four  colonnades,  broken  at  intervals 
by  taller  structures,  and  modeled  in  every  detail  after  the  most 
authentic  works  of  Grecian  skill,  stretch  toward  the  south.  As 
severely  simple  within  as  they  were  severely  classic  without,  the 
rooms  intended  for  the  use  of  students  had  one  attractive  feature 
— the  great  fireplace,  for  the  filling  of  which  there  was  as  yet  no 
lack  of  oaken  logs.  In  every  chimney-corner  a  sheaf  of  long  clay 
pipes  betokened  and  invited  brotherly  intercourse.  During  his 
first  year  at  the  University,  William  Grigsby  McCormick  had 


EAST  LAWN  AND  ROTUNDA,  UNIVERSITY  OF  VIRGINIA 

Showing  location  of  46  East  Lawn.      Present  residence 

of  Prof.  Wm.  Minor  Lile,  of  Zeta,  at  the  right. 


occupied  a  room  (the  front  lower  room  of  cottage  C)  in  Dawson's 
Row,  a  group  of  dormitories  just  outside  the  main  plan  of  the 
University  buildings.  In  1869  he  occupied  the  room  at  46  East 
Lawn,  the  situation  of  which,  its  present  exterior  and  interior,  is 
shown  in  the  accompanying  illustrations.  The  taller  structure 
at  the  immediate  right  of  46  East  Lawn  in  the  view  given  is  now, 
by  the  way,  the  residence  of  a  Kappa  Sigma,  William  Minor  Lile, 
the  dean  of  the  law  school  of  the  University.  Samuel  Isham 
North  and  George  Miles  Arnold  occupied  this  room  in  1870-71. 
It  was  here  that  the  first  Constitution  and  Ritual  of  Kappa  Sigma, ' 


THE  FOUNDING  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


IS 


a  document  which  lies  before  the  writer  of  these  lines,  was  com- 
mitted to  writing. 

The  Founders  were  scattered  about  the  university,  so  far  as 
their  "legal  residences"  were  concerned.  Xicodemus  was  at  6 
West  Range ;  Boyd  and  Rogers,  as  well  as  John  E.  Semmes,  who 
was  the  first  one  added  to  the  brotherhood  after  the  original  five, 
lived  in  "Social  Hall,"  a  small  dormitory  between  the  University 
proper  and  the  town  of  Charlottesville.    This  house  was  so  packed 


EXTERIOR  OF  46  EAST  LAWN,  UNIVERSITY  OF  VIRGINIA 
Here  Kappa  Sigma  in  America  was  Founded 


with  men  of  promise  that  their  names  are  worth  mentioning. 
On  the  lower  floor,  besides  Boyd  and  Semmes,  were  Chas.  R. 
Hemphill,  now  a  noted  Presbyterian  divine  of  Louisville ;  the 
cultivated  and  literary  John  Adger  Clark,  of  South  Carolina,  now 
deceased ;  J.  A.  Crawford,  now  well  known  at  the  bar  of  Co- 
lumbia, S.  C. ;  and  Robert  B.  Boylston,  now  a  lawyer  of  Fairfield, 
S.  C.  Upstairs,  Edmund  Law  Rogers  occupied  a  room,  and 
others  on  the  same  floor  were  John  X.  Steele,  now  an  eminent 
2 


16 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


Baltimore  lawyer  and  a  partner  of  John  E.  Semmes,  and  his 
brother,  I.  Nevitt  Steele,  now  of  Trinity  Church,  New  York. 
George  Miles  Arnold  had  a  room  on  East  Range;  and  when, 
early  in  1870,  he  met  Samuel  Isham  North  upon  the  latter's  ar- 
rival at  the  University  from  his  Texas  home,  a  great  friendship 
sprang  suddenly  into  immortal  life.  "The  loveliest  character  I 
ever  met,"  is  North's  judgment  upon  his  friend  and  brother,  after 
all  the  years.     The  reception  of  North  into  the  new  brotherhood 


INTERIOR  OF  46  EAST  LAWN,   UNIVERSITY  OF  VIRGINIA 


followed  almost  as  a  matter  of  course.  The  members  were  al- 
ways together.  Such  intimacies  as  existed  within  their  number, 
like  that  between  Arnold  and  North,  were  not  allowed  to  disturb 
the  general  feeling  of  perfect  fellowship.  Formal  meetings  there 
seem  to  have  been  none.  "Good  fellows,  good  company,  good 
manners,  good  morals  and  bright  minds,  full  of  spirits  and  all  in 
for  a  good  time,"  is  Founder  McCormick's  description  of  them 
after  a  quarter  of  a  century.  Arnold  was  a  leading  spirit  in  the 
proceedings  of  the  Fraternity,  and  at  the  suppers  at  "Brown's" 


THE  FOUNDING  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  17 

and  "Ambroselli's,"  which  were  frequent  occurrences.  These  fes- 
tive gatherings  were  from  the  first  a  distinguishing  feature  of 
the  new  Fraternity,  and  those  Kappa  Sigmas — and  their  name 
is  legion — who  are  bons  vivants  and  whose  wit  flows  most  freely 
around  the  festal  board,  may  be  assured  that  these  characteristics 
stamp  them  the  true  descendants  of  their  forefathers  in  the  Or- 
der, of  whom,  by  the  way,  there  was  but  one  who  ever  took  too 
much  wine,  and  not  one  who  gave  his  strength  to  that  which  de- 
stroyeth  kings.  Edmund  Law  Rogers  is  remembered  as  one 
whose  light  always  shone  brightly  at  these  impromptu  affairs,  and 
the  rest  were  not  behindhand.  If  the  record  of  these  proceedings 
but  existed,  some  chapters  might  be  added  to  the  "Noctes  Am- 
brosianae." 

The  question  of  a  badge  was  very  early  taken  up  by  the  newly- 
formed  Fraternity,  and  after  much  discussion,  the  design  due  to 
Edmund  Law  Rogers  was  adopted.  It  is  in  every  detail  the  same 
as  the  present  badge,  save  that  the  original  examples  were  not 
so  markedly  convex  as  those  now  made,  and  had  a  field  of  white 
enamel  in  the  center  of  the  star  instead  of  the  present  black. 
The  original  constitution  includes  the  full  description  of  the 
badge  and  the  signification  of  its  various  parts  and  of  the  em- 
blems borne  upon  it.  At  the  Christmas  holidays  of  1869,  an 
order  for  badges  was  placed  with  the  Baltimore  firm  of  Sadtler 
&  Sons,  who  had  the  work  executed  in  New  York.  After  the 
holidays,  the  Star  and  Crescent  of  Kappa  Sigma  was  seen  at 
Virginia  for  the  first  time.  Badges  of  this  early  make  still 
exist,  in  the  possession  of  George  Leiper  Thomas,  Samuel 
lsham  North,  Mrs.  William  Clark  Whitford,  and  possibly  others, 
and  one  is  seen  on  another  page  in  the  portrait  of  Sam- 
uel lsham  North.  They  were  one  inch  in  diameter,  and  were 
originally  furnished  with  a  guard-chain  and  a  chapter-pin  of  the 
letter  Zeta.  The  chapter-pin  has  of  late  years  been  generally 
abandoned,  and  the  extreme  size  now  allowable  for  the  badge 
is  three-quarters  of  an  inch. 

The  end  of  the  college  year  '69-'70  put  an  end,  for  a  time,  to 
the  close  associations  of  the  original  Five,  who  by  this  time  had 
united  with  themselves  Semmes  and  North,  as  above  stated.  In 
the   fall  of   1870,   Nicodemus   was  engaged  in  active  business, 


THE  FOUNDING  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  19 

and  decided  not  to  pursue  his  university  work  further,  while  Mc- 
Cormick  has  recorded  the  confession  that  he  was  very  much  in 
love  with  the  present  Mrs.  McCormick  and  was  unwilling  to  sep- 
arate himself  from  her  immediate  neighborhood  by  the  distance 
intervening  between  Baltimore  and  Charlottesville.  Semmes  not 
returning  until  1872,  only  Arnold,  Boyd,  Rogers  and  North  were 
found  ready  to  carry  on  the  work  of  the  Fraternity  when  the 
University  reopened.  All  of  these  were  interested  in  the  Fra- 
ternity, which  was  just  at  its  beginning,  and  willing  to  work  for 
it.  So  far  as  can  be  determined  from  the  recollections  of  those 
who  survive,  it  was  Arnold  who  had  the  rosiest  dreams  of  the 
future,  dreams  which  have  more  than  come  true.  With  his  as- 
sociates, he  laid  the  plans  for  the  first  extension  of  the  Fraternity, 
even  assigning  in  advance  the  letters  by  which  certain  Chapters 
should  be  designated ;  he  fixed  many  matters  which  had  been  left 
uncertain  in  the  free  and  informal  life  of  the  previous  year ;  and 
he  introduced  the  ritualistic  work  which,  without  any  change 
except  certain  amplifications  of  which  the  history  is  well  known 
to  Kappa  Sigmas,  still  awes  and  impresses  the  initiate  when 
rightly  performed,  and  is  pronounced  by  those  in  a  position  to 
judge  a  most  beautiful,  consistent  and  fitting  production.  The 
association  of  Samuel  Isham  North  in  this  work  with  three  of 
the  original  Five  of  the  preceding  year  gives  him  full  and  un- 
questioned right  to  the  honorable  title  of  Founder.  The  work 
of  1869  alone  could  not  have  led  to  the  present  development 
of  the  Fraternity  without  the  work  of  1870;  the  work  of  1870 
undoubtedly  had  as  its  basis  the  work  of  1869. 

Much  of  the  history  of  this  important  year  is  contained  in  the 
oldest  existing  Kappa  Sigma  minutes,  of  which  the  original  is  in 
the  possession  of  the  W.  G.  S.,  being  held  in  trust  by  that  official 
for  Zeta  Chapter.  As  the  minutes  contain  nothing  in  itself  secret, 
and  as  they  introduce  some  other  matters  which  must  be  pre- 
sented, they  are  here  given  in  full : 

University  of  Virginia, 

Nov.   7th,   1870. 
The  K.  S.  Society  met  at  half  past  ten.  at  No.  46  East  Lawn.    After  the 
reading  of  the  minutes  of  the  last  meeting  the  Society  proceeded  to  business 


ARNOLD  AND   NORTH 
From  a  Tintype,  1870 


THE  FOUNDING  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  21 

;m<l  .\fr.  George  L.  Thomas  whose  name  had  been  previously  proposed,  was 
then  duly  initiated  as  a  member  of  the  K.  S.  Society.  Mr.  Rogers  made  a 
motion  that  the  following  gentlemen,  Viz  Messrs.  Toadvin,  Walker  and  Hill 
be  spoken  to,  and  that  they  be  invited  to  join  our  Society.  Mr.  Hill's  name 
was  subsequently  withdrawn  information  having  been  rec'd  that  he  had  al- 
ready become  a  member  of  the  Delta  Psi  Society. 

Mr.   North  was  requested  to  speak  to  Mr.  Walker. 

Mr.  Rogers    "  "  "       "        "     "    Toadvin. 

There  being  no  further  business  before  the  House,  the  Society  adjourned, 
and  to  meet  again  at  the  discretion  of  the  W.  G.  M.,  G.  M.  Arnold. 

John  C.  Boyd,  Secretary. 

University  of  Virginia, 

Dec.  2nd,  1870. 
The  K.  S.  Society  met  at  the  usual  hour  and  all  of  the  members  being 
present  they  proceeded  immediately  to  business.  Mr.  Rogers  made  motion 
that  Mr.  Toadvin  be  admitted  into  our  society,  which  was  unanimously 
adopted  &  Mr.  Rogers  was  requested  to  invite  him.  After  a  good  deal  of 
fruitless  debate  as  to  the  propriety  of  admitting  more  than  one  member  at 
a  meeting  the  Society  adjourned. 

J.  C.  Boyd, 

Sec. 
Edward  S.  Toadvin  was  duly  initiated  a  member  of  the  K.  S.  Fraternity 
on  Dec.  12th  1870. 

University  of  Virginia. 

Feb.  25th,  1871. 
The  Society  met  at  10  p.m.    The  Grand  Master,  Mr.  Arnold  being  com- 
pelled to  leave  by  unavoidable  circumstances,  an  election  was  held  to  fill 
his  vacancy,  resulting  in  the  election  of  E.  L.  Rogers,  Jr.  to  the  responsible 
position  of  W.  G.  M.     The  other  officers  held  their  respective  positions. 

J.  C.  Boyd, 

Sec. 

Virginia  University. 

Feb.  30th,  [sic]  1871. 
The  Kappa  Sigma  met  at  usual  hour.     No  business  being  before  the 
Society  they  adjourned. 

Jno.  C.  Boyd, 

Sec. 

University  of  Virginia,   March    18th,   71. 

The  K.   S.   Society  met  at  the  usual  hour  the  W.  Grand  Master,  Mr. 

Rogers  holding  the  chair.     After  the  usual  preliminaries  and  the  reading 

of  the  minutes  of  the  last  meeting  Mr.  W.   C.  Bowen  of  Northampton, 

N.  C.  was  duly  initiated  into  our  Society.     Information   was   rec'd  that 


22  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Mr.  Arnold  was  desirous  of  establishing  a  Chapter  in  New  York  where- 
upon Mr.  Rogers  was  authorized  to  have  a  copy  sent  him.  The  G.  M. 
then  ordered  the  Scribe  to  have  it  forwarded  immediately.  After  a  few 
interesting  and  sensible  remarks  by  the  G.  M.  the  Society  adjourned. 

J.    C.   Boyd,   Secretary. 

Virginia  University. 

March  29th,  1871. 
The  K.  S.  Met  to  lament  the  departure  of  their  worthy  clubmate  & 
brother  Saml.  I  North — whose  absence  will  be  felt  so  deeply  by  all  of  us— 
After  taking  business  matters  into  consideration  we  sat  down  to  a  finely 
prepared  supper,  where  till  late  did  we  enjoy  the  fruits  of  Bacchus,  at 
2  o'clock  the  Society  adjourned. 

J.    C.   Boyd,   Secretary. 

University  of  Virginia. 

April  30th   1871. 
We  very  much  regret  to  state  that  Brother  J.  C.  Boyd  has  left  the  Uni 
versity,  as  he  was  most  highly  esteemed  by  all  the  members  of  his  Society, 
Hoping  that  he  may  always  prosper  in  his  future  career  we  bid  him  an 
affectionate  adieu. 

E.  L.  Rogers,  Jr.. 

per  Wm.  Whitford 

Secretarv. 


It  was  in  this  year  that  members  of  the  Fraternity  rented  and 
occupied  a  cottage,  the  property  of  the  famous  Latin  professor, 
Gildersleeve,  which  thereby  became  the  first  fraternity  house  of 
Kappa  Sigma,  and  apparently  the  first  fraternity  house  in  the 
South.  George  Leiper  Thomas  and  Edmund  Law  Rogers  lived 
in  it.  With  them  was  Robert  S.  McCormick  (the  present  Am- 
bassador to  France,  and  a  brother  of  William  Grigsby  McCor- 
mick), who  had  been  very  intimate  with  the  founders  of  the  year 
before  but  who  himself  became  a  member  of  Sigma  Chi.  Here 
took  place  one  act  of  the  thrilling  series  of  events  known  since  in 
the  Fraternity  as  "The  Defense  of  Miles  Arnold,"  which  served 
to  test  the  oaths  of  the  new  brotherhood  and  the  feeling  of  mu- 
tual confidence  among  the  students  of  the  LTniversity. 

To  say  that  political  and  social  conditions  in  the  South  were  at 
this  time  "unsettled"  is  to  use  as  mild  language  as  if  one  were  to 
call  Paradise  enjoyable  or  the  lower  regions  temperately  warm. 


1  o 

I  > 

o  < 

I  w 


24  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

The  negro  was  "on  the  front  seat  of  the  band-wagon,"  as  a 
brother  has  put  it ;  and  the  white  citizen  who  confronted  a  colored 
man  in  any  court  had  every  presumption  against  him.  The  hot- 
blooded  Southerners  of  the  University  went  armed,  and  frequent- 
ly indulged  in  nocturnal  pistol-practice,  by  way  of  warning  to  all 
whom  it  might  concern  that  they  were  prepared  to  take  matters 
into  their  own  hands  whenever  necessary.  Miles  Arnold  was 
what  those  nourished  on  icicles  are  accustomed  to  call  a  fire- 
eater;  though  of  no  overbearing  disposition  he  had  the  temper 
which  went  with  his  nicknames  of  "the  Count"  and  "the  little 
Spaniard,"  and  he  was  never  unarmed.  On  a  bitter  day  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1 87 1,  he  had  been  several  miles  from  Charlottesville, 
across  the  Rivanna  river,  to  call  on  a  young  lady.  When  he  was 
about  to  leave  her  home,  she,  after  the  hospitable  fashion  of  the 
time,  pressed  him  to  fortify  himself  against  the  outer  cold  by  a 
sufficient  number  of  apple- jacks.  On  reaching  Charlottesville 
Arnold  seems  to  have  taken  further  similar  measures  with  the 
same  intent.  Finding  his  conduct  gratuitously  called  in  question 
by  a  son  of  Ham,  he  made  no  long  argument  of  the  matter,  but 
fired  upon  his  assailant  and  laid  him  low.  It  turned  out  that, 
owing  to  the  well-known  thickness  of  the  African  cranium,  the 
wound  was  not  mortal ;  but,  in  ignorance  of  this  fact,  and  know- 
ing that  there  was  danger  should  a  negro  mob  be  formed,  and  al- 
most equal  danger  should  he  fall  into  the  hands  of  what  in  those 
times  and  in  that  region  passed  for  law,  Arnold  at  once  sought 
his  friend  and  brother  North,  in  their  room  upon  the  University 
campus,  and  told  him  what  had  happened. 

E.  Stanley  Toadvin,  who  had  met  Arnold  as  he  came  up,  was 
at  once  dispatched  toward  the  town,  to  put  the  sheriff  and  his 
posse,  who  were  known  to  be  approaching,  on  a  false  scent  if 
possible.  North  spirited  Arnold  away  to  a  room  in  another  part 
of  the  campus,  and  sent  out  word  to  the  other  Kappa  Sigmas  and 
his  Texan  friends — many  of  whom,  owing  to  the  constant  asso- 
ciation of  North  and  Arnold,  believed  the  latter  a  Texan — to 
rally  to  his  defense.  Toadvin,  returning,  assumed  the  leadership 
of  these,  while  the  sheriff  and  posse  searched  in  Arnold's  and  the 
neighboring  rooms  in  vain.  They  then  turned  their  attention, 
perhaps  by  the   suggestion   of   some  brother   who   knew   where 


Dr.  Maupin  (Chm.  of  Faculty) 
Dr.  McGuffey  Dr.  Cabell 

John  B.  Minor 
Dr.  Smith  Dr.  Davis 

Dr.  Mallet  Dr.  Harrison 

Col.  Peters  Prof.  Gildersleeve 

Dr.  Chancellor  Dr.  Holmes 

Lib'n  Westenbaker  Prof,  de  Vere  Dr.  Southall 

Prof.  Boeck  Col.  Venable  Maj.  Peyton  (Proctor) 


FACULTY,  UNIVERSITY  OF  VIRGINIA,  1869-70 

From  contemporary  photo,  by  Roads,  Charlottesville 


26 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


Arnold  really  was,  to  the  Gildersleeve  cottage,  the  Kappa  Sigma 
house,  where  Arnold  might  be  supposed  to  have  gone. 

George  Leiper  Thomas  was  sitting  alone  in  the  lower  room  of 
the  cottage,  nursing  a  crippled  knee,  when  Robert  McCormick 
rushed  in  upon  him  and  dropped  a  loaded  shotgun  in  his  lap  with 
the  forcible  injunction  "Defend  your  fraternity  brother."  The 
situation  was  explained  in  a  few  words,  and  Thomas  was  ar- 
ranged so  as  to  form  a  battery  of  one  piece  commanding  the  front 
door  and  the  approaches  thereto.     The  door  being  opened,  Mc- 


McCORMICK  OBSERVATORY    UNIVERSITY  OF  VIRGINIA 
The  gift  of  L.  J.  McCormick,  an  uncle  of  the  Founder 

Cormick  and  Rogers  took  their  positions  outside  as  if  to  prevent 
any  approach  to  the  house  from  the  rear,  and,  on  the  coming  of 
the  sheriff,  parleyed  with  that  officer  at  great  length,  finally  con- 
vincing him  that  Arnold  was  not  in  the  house. 

Meanwhile,  it  had  been  reported  to  North  that  a  mob  of  ne- 
groes was  forming  to  search  the  University  grounds  for  Arnold. 
"Some  negroes  saved  their  lives  by  not  finding  us  that  night," 
says  Dr.  North  in  reminiscences  of  the  affair.  North's  horse, 
and  a  fresh  one  for  Arnold,  were  brought  to  the  most  retired  side 


THE  FOUNDING  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  11 

of  the  campus,  and  forty  armed  Texans  and  Kappa  Sigmas  es- 
corted Arnold  to  the  spot.  By  this  time  it  had  been  dark  for 
some  hours.  Arnold,  with  North  as  his  escort,  rode  fifteen  miles 
into  the  country,  to  the  house  of  the  grandfather  of  Arnold's 
sweetheart  whose  well-meant  prescription  of  apple-jack  had  been 
the  beginning  of  all  the  trouble.  The  two  riders  missed  the  ford 
of  the  Rivanna,  and  were  nearly  ready  to  perish  with  cold  when, 
about  two  the  next  morning,  they  reached  a  friendly  shelter. 
Arnold  went  on  to  friends  in  another  county  the  next  day,  and, 
after  some  weeks,  went  to  New  York  to  enter  a  medical  college 
there,  where  his  inseparable  friend  North  soon  joined  him.  .Ar- 
nold's resignation  as  a  student  was  accepted  by  the  Virginia  fac- 
ulty without  prejudice;  the  Ethiopian  sufferer  soon  recovered; 
and  thus  by  the  quick  wit  of  Kappa  Sigmas  what  might  have  been 
a  mournful  tragedy  was  turned  into  a  drama  to  be  a  stirring 
memory  of  years  afterward,  and  a  lesson  of  the  strength  of  a 
fraternal  obligation. 

A  month  after  the  departure  of  North,  that  of  Boyd  is  re- 
corded. The  work  of  the  Chapter,  as  it  may  now  be  called,  ap- 
pears to  have  ended  for  the  year  with  the  loss  of  three  of  the 
Founders  in  succession. 

The  rest  belongs  to  the  early  history  of  the  Fraternity  and  of 
Zeta  Chapter.  Let  that  which  is  here  set  down  suffice  to  show 
that  American  Kappa  Sigma  sprang  from  no  rivalry,  discontent 
or  disappointment,  but  solely  from  the  free  spirit  of  brotherhood 
in  loyal  hearts.  Already  plans  are  being  considered  to  celebrate, 
in  1919,  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  founding  and  to  make  the 
event  unparalleled  among  such  fetes. 


WILLIAM  GRIGSBY   McCORMICK 

1905 


THE   FOUNDERS    OF    KAPPA   SIGMA 

It  is  said  that  Boston  asks  concerning  a  stranger,  "What  does 
he  know?"  New  York,  "How  much  is  he  worth?"  Philadelphia, 
"Who  was  his  grandfather?"  and  Washington,  "What  can  he 
do?"  The  founders  of  Kappa  Sigma  could  pass  this  whole  exam- 
ination with  credit.  The  too  early  death  of  two  of  the  original 
Five  Friends  and  Brothers  cut  short  lives  in  which  the  spirit  of  a 
noble  ancestry  was  fully  shown ;  the  founders  who  survive  are 
honored  citizens  whose  worthy  achievements  in  widely  various 
walks  of  life  exemplify  the  catholic  scope  of  the  Fraternity  which 
they  founded.  The  true  romance  of  the  Founding  having  been 
told  in  the  preceding  chapter,  as  fully  as  it  can  ever  be  given  to 
the  general  public,  it  remains  to  show  who  the  Founders  were 
and  to  tell  the  story  of  their  later  lives. 


WILLIAM  GRIGSBY  McCORMICK 

A  volume  of  four  hundred  seventy-eight  pages  (Ancestral 
Record  and  Biography  of  the  McCormick  Family :  By  Leander 
James  McCormick.  Chicago,  1896)  is  required  to  display  the 
ramifications,  in  Pennsylvania,  Kentucky  and  Virginia,  of  this 
fine  old  Irish  Presbyterian  family,  of  the  self-same  breed  as 
their  fellow-countymen  who,  settling  in  Augusta  county,  Vir- 
ginia, gave  America  scores  of  her  generals  and  statesmen.  It 
is  possible  to  mention  here  only  that  branch  of  the  McCormicks, 
celebrated  in  our  national  annals  for  a  hundred  years,  from  which 
our  founder  comes ;  a  line  known  not  alone  for  its  enormous 
wealth,  but  also  for  the  genius  displayed  by  it  in  other  fields  than 
those  of  mere  money  making,  and  for  its  alliances  with  people 
distinguished  otherwise  than  by  their  material  possessions ;  and 


30 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


among  the  families  of  American  multimillionaires,  the  only  one 
which  traces  its  origin  to  the  South. 

The  first  of  the  name  to  become  world-famous  was  Robert 
McCormick  (1780- 1846),  the  inventor,  who  laid  the  foundation 
of  the  family  fortunes.  He  lived  at  "Walnut  Grove,"  Augusta 
county,  Virginia,  an  estate  of  two  thousand  acres  into  which  he 
came  by  inheritance.  Among  his  eight  sons  and  daughters  were 
Cyrus  H.  McCormick,  the  Chicago  inventor  and  financier,  whose 
daughter   married   Emmons    Blaine    (son   of  James   G.    Blaine), 


WILLIAM 
GRIGSBY 

Mccormick 

1869 


and  whose  son  married  Edith  Rockefeller  (daughter  of  John  D. 
Rockefeller)  ;  Leander  J.  McCormick,  who  gave  the  McCormick 
observatory  to  the  University  of  Virginia ;  and  William  Sanderson 
McCormick,  allied  with  his  brothers  in  the  perfecting  of  the  great 
inventions  which  influenced  the  agricultural  development  of  a 
world.  William  S.  McCormick  married  Mary  Ann  Grigsby, 
daughter  of  Col.  Reuben  Grigsby,  of  "Hickory  Hill,"  Rockbridge 
county,  Virginia,  and  cousin  of  Hugh  Blair  Grigsby,  a  celebrated 
president  of  William  and  Mary  College.     Of  this  union,  the  sec- 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  31 

ond  born  was  William  Grigsby  McCormick,  Founder  of  Kappa 
Sigma,  whose  elder  brother,  Robert  S.  McCormick,  late  Am- 
bassador to  France,  married  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Medill,  the  man 
who  made  the  Chicago  Tribune.  A  son  of  Robert  S.  McCormick 
married  Senator  Hanna's  daughter  Ruth ;  three  sisters  of  the 
Founder  married  into  well-known  Chicago  families ;  and  the  im- 
portant alliances  formed  by  various  members  of  the  third  and 
fourth  generations  are  too  numerous  to  be  mentioned  here. 

William  Grigsby  McCormick  was  born  June  3,  1851,  in  the 
McCormick  home  in  Chicago,  on  Cass  and  Illinois  streets.  After 
receiving  his  primary  education  in  private  schools  of  the  city, 
he  was  a  student  in  the  preparatory  department  of  the  old  Uni- 
versity of  Chicago.  His  mother,  widowed  in  1865,  soon  after- 
ward removed  to  Baltimore,  from  which  city  young  McCormick 
went  in  October,  1868,  to  the  University  of  Virginia,  returning 
to  that  University  in  1869.  There  the  associations,  already  be- 
gun in  the  case  of  some  of  the  founders,  developed,  as  we  have 
seen,  into  the  Fraternity. 

Leaving  the  University  of  Virginia  in  May,  1870,  he  spent  six 
months  in  foreign  travel,  accompanied  by  his  brother  Robert 
and  by  a  cousin.  England,  Ireland,  Scotland  and  the  Continent 
were  visited.  Returning  to  Baltimore  in  November  of  the  same 
year,  young  McCormick  followed  his  natural  bent  by  associating 
himself  with  the  banking  house  of  John  S.  Gittings  &  Co.,  in 
whose  employ  he  remained  for  two  years.  His  happy  marriage 
to  Eleanor  Brooks,  daughter  of  Walter  Booth  Brooks  (president 
of  the  Canton  Company  and  son  of  a  former  president  of  the  B. 
&  O.)  was  the  next  important  event  of  his  life.  At  this  first 
Kappa  Sigma  wedding,  which  occurred  October  23,  1873,  at  the 
Brown  Memorial  Church  of  Baltimore,  George  Leiper  Thomas 
was  a  groomsman  and  Edmund  Law  Rogers  a  guest.  Returning 
late  in  1874  from  a  year  of  foreign  travel,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McCor- 
mick spent  a  few  months  in  Baltimore,  removing  in  February. 
1875,  to  Chicago. 

Brother  McCormick  now  entered  upon  the  active  business  ca- 
reer which  continued  until  his  retirement  in  1900.  As  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  McCormick  Bros.  &  Findlay,  and  later  of  W.  G. 
McCormick  &  Co.,  with  offices  in  Chicago  and  New  York,  he  was 

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THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  33 

engaged  in  the  fire  insurance  and  real  estate  business  until  1884. 
In  that  year  he  became  a  member  of  the  Chicago  board  of  trade 
and  of  the  grain  and  stock  brokerage  firm  of  Smith,  McCormick 
&  Co.  In  the  following  year,  W.  G.  McCormick  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  York  stock  exchange ;  and  after  some  changes  of 
business  relationships,  the  firm  of  W.  G.  McCormick  &  Co.,  hav- 
ing its  offices  in  Xew  York,  Chicago  and  St.  Louis,  was  organ- 
ized. In  1 89 1  Brother  McCormick  transferred  liis  business  in- 
terests to  the  well-known  Schwartz-Dupee  combination,  with 
which  he  was  associated  until  1893.  After  a  brief  retirement 
from  business,  he  reentered  the  arena  in  1894  as  a  partner  in  the 
widely-known  and  successful  firm  of  Price,  McCormick  &  Co., 
which  firm  was  terminated  in  1900.  Brother  McCormick's  only 
active  entrance  into  politics  was  in  1880,  when,  against  his  ex- 
pressed wish,  friends  placed  him  on  the  Democratic  ticket  for  al- 
derman from  the  eighteenth  ward  of  the  city  of  Chicago,  a  ward 
which  had  not  elected  a  Democrat  for  more  than  twenty  years. 
Brother  McCormick  was  elected,  to  the  surprise  of  many  political 
wiseacres  of  the  city. 

He  is  well-known  in  the  principal  cities  of  the  world,  and  has 
many  friends  in  both  hemispheres.  He  is  a  member  of  no  secret 
order  except  the  Kappa  Sigma  Fraternity.  He  is  or  has  been  a 
member  of  the  Chicago,  Union,  Athletic  and  Washington  Park 
clubs  of  Chicago,  the  Union,  Manhattan  and  Whist  clubs  of  New 
York,  the  Pickwick  club  of  New  Orleans,  the  Alston  and  Mary- 
land clubs  of  Baltimore,  and  the  Kennel  club  of  Baltimore  county, 
Maryland.  The  pictures  of  Brother  McCormick  accompanying 
this  volume  are  the  only  ones  he  has  ever  given  out  for  publication 
anywhere. 

Seven  children,  of  whom  six  are  living,  have  been  born  to  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  McCormick.  One  of  the  four  daughters  married  Her- 
bert S.  Stone,  the  Chicago  publisher,  son  of  Melville  E.  Stone, 
manager  of  the  Associated  Press.  A  son,  Walter  Brooks  Mc- 
Cormick, is  vice-president  and  general  manager  of  the  McCormick 
Coal  Company,  of  Kansas,  one  of  his  father's  enterprises ;  the 
other  son,  Chauncey  Brooks  McCormick,  is  a  Yale  '07  man  and 
a  member  of  Alpha  Delta  Phi.     Since  the  retirement  of  Brother 


34  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

McCormick  from  active  business  life  in  1900,  the  family  home 
has  been  at  their  country  house  in  Goshen,  Virginia,  and  at  the 
Brooks  mansion,  "Clover  Dale,"  Baltimore. 

GEORGE  MILES  ARNOLD 

The  father  of  George  Miles  Arnold  was  George  Anson  Ar- 
nold, a  native  of  Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  son  of  Dr.  George  Arnold,  of 
Newport,  R.  I.,  who  came  of  a  family  well-known  in  that  section. 
George  Anson  Arnold  married  Mary  Antoinette  Filkins,  cele- 


brated beauty  of  Troy,  and  engaged  in  a  wholesale  business  in 
Mobile,  Ala.,  where  he  prospered.  On  one  of  the  Arnolds'  yearly 
visits  to  Troy,  George  Miles  Arnold  was  born,  August  27,  1851. 
After  receiving  his^ first  training  at  the  Union  Hill  boarding 
school,  Monroe  county,  N.  Y.,  and  at  Dr.  Davis'  academy  for 
boys,  Bloomfield,  N.  J.,  Arnold  entered  the  academic  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1869,  his  chief  studies 
being  Latin,  French  and  mathematics.  Small  but  well  built, 
speaking  French,  Spanish  and  Italian  fluently,  he  was  a  typical 
young  Southerner  of  those  stirring  times.  Although  carrying 
no  Spanish  blood,  nevertheless,  on  account  of  his  proficient 
knowledge  of  the  language,  he  was  known  to  his  friends  and 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


35 


admirers  as  "the  little  Spaniard."  From  students  of  Kappa  Sig- 
ma history  he  has  later  received  the  title  of  "the  first  S.  A.  Jack- 
son." All  the  surviving  founders  agree  in  praise  of  his  devotion 
from  the  first  to  the  cause  of  the  Fraternity.  "H,e  gave  nearly 
his  whole  time  to  the  society,"  says  one.  In  the  summer  of  1870, 
he  began,  with  Samuel  Isham  North,  his  nearest  and  dearest 
friend  even  within  Kappa  Sigma,  a  course  in  medicine  at  the 
University,  under  Harrison,  the  famous  and  beloved  professor. 


About  1870 


In  February,  1871,  the  occurrence  elsewhere  related  made  it 
necessary  for  his  friends  and  brothers  to  protect  him  from  the 
consequences  of  a  rash  and  hasty  act,  and  caused  his  withdrawal 
from  the  University — the  authorities,  after  investigation,  accept- 
ing his  resignation  as  a  student  and  dismissing  him  with  a  clear 
record. 

He  shortly  entered  the  medical  college  of  New  York  University, 
and  by  the  end  of  the  scholastic  year  1872,  had  completed  the 
medical  course  according  to  the  requirements  of  the  time.  Being 
still  under  age,  his  degree  was  not  conferred  upon  him  until  the 


36  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

following  year,  1873.  He  studied  at  Bellevue  Hospital  medical 
college  in  i8y2-'y^,  and  received  a  diploma  also  from  this  insti- 
tution. He  also  served  for  a  time  as  resident  physician  at  the  E. 
and  P.  Hospital,  Bedford  Island,  and  in  1873  began  to  practice. 
Later  he  was  resident  physician  at  the  Convalescent  Hospital, 
Hart's  Island,  and,  having  become  a  Master  Mason  of  Lebanon 
lodge  in  1873,  was  in  i874-'75  vice-president  and  examining 
physician  of  the  Washington  Masonic  Mutual  Benefit  Associa- 
tion, of  New  York. 

Founder  Arnold's  marriage  occurred  on  September  8,   1874, 


at  the  Jane  St.  M.  E.  church,  New  York,  the  officiating  minister 
being  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hamlin.  The  bride  was  Miss  Minnie  J.  Law, 
daughter  of  Robert  J.  Law,  a  wealthy  real  estate  owner  of  the 
city,  a  Mason,  and  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  War,  being  one  of  the 
first  to  go  out  with  the  New  York  Seventh.  For  a  number  of 
years  the  Arnolds  resided  at  105  east  71st  St.,  New  York,  and 
their  home  was  a  meeting-place  for  Kappa  Sigmas  of  that  early 
day.  The  Star  and  Crescent,  illuminated  in  the  size  of  the  early 
badges,  appeared  on  Arnold's  note-paper;  he  spoke  much  of  the 
Fraternity,  corresponding  with  his  friends  North  and  Boyd  con- 
tinually, and  often  entertaining  as  his  guests  S.  A.  Jackson  and 
Ed.  Law  Rogers,  Jr.,  the  latter  of  whom  claimed  kinship  with 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  37 

Mrs.  Arnold  through  their  common  descent  from  the  Maryland 
Laws. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Arnold  were  for  years  regular  attendants  upon 
St.  James'  Episcopal  church,  New  York,  and  here  for  five  years, 
until  the  demands  of  a  constantly  increasing  practice  obliged 
him  to  abandon  it,  Arnold  had  a  Bible  class  of  young  men,  who 
were  closely  drawn  to  him  by  his  ever  attractive  personality. 

To  Dr.  Arnold  and  his  wife  there  were  born  eight  children. 
Of  the  sad  death  of  five  of  these,  the  widowed  mother  speaks 
seldom  and  with  reluctance.  Three  died  within  one  period  of 
six  weeks ;  after  an  interval  of  five  years,  death  claimed  two  in 
one  day :  and  all  were  carried  off  by  the  same  disease,  diphtheria, 
which  Dr.  Arnold  was  accustomed  to  meet  and  to  vanquish  in 
his  practice,  having  never  lost  a  case.  A  lover  of  his  home  and 
family,  the  effect  of  these  losses  never  left  him.  He  threw  him- 
self more  and  more  earnestly  into  his  active  work,  becoming 
regardless  of  his  own  health ;  and  on  January  25,  1890,  pneu- 
monia due  to  exposure  resulted  in  his  death,  after  an  illness  of 
but  a  few  days.  His  body  reposes  in  Woodlawn  Cemetery.  Mrs. 
Arnold,  with  her  three  living  children,  two  daughters  and  a  son, 
found  a  home  with  her  mother  for  five  years,  until  that  lady's 
death,  and  then  removed  to  her  present  residence,  57  W.  124th 
St.,  New  York.  One  daughter  is  attending  the  New  York  Nor- 
mal College,  and  the  son,  Robert  Miles  Arnold,  aged  now  eigh- 
teen, is  a  student  of  C.  C.  N.  Y. 

Other  Kappa  Sigmas  have  been  better  known  than  Miles  Ar- 
nold, but  none  has  ever  been  better  loved.  Peace  to  his  ashes! 
The  Fraternity  would  have  delighted  in  these  latter  days  to  honor 
him  living;  dead,  it  reveres  his  memory. 

EDMUND  LAW  ROGERS 

The  third  of  the  original  Five,  and  the  designer  of  the  badge  of 
Kappa  Sigma,  was  the  son  of  Edmund  Law  Rogers,  Sr.,  and 
Charlotte  (Plater)  Rogers,  and  was  born  in  Baltimore,  July  1. 
1850.  He  was  descended  through  his  paternal  grandmother  from 
Mrs.  Martha  Custis,  afterwards  the  wife  of  George  Washington ; 
whose   son,   John    Parke   Custis,   early   wedded   pretty   Eleanor 


38  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Calvert,  daughter  of  Benedict  Calvert,  a  head  of  the  old-time 
Maryland  family.  Their  daughter,  Eliza  Custis,  married  Thomas 
Law,  whose  brother,  the  first  Baron  Ellenborough,  was  leading 
counsel  for  Warren  Hastings  before  the  House  of  Lords  in  1788, 
and  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  England  from  1802  to  1818.  Thomas 
Law  was  of  no  less  worth.  Before  coming  to  America,  he  had 
been  governor  of  a  province  in  India,  under  Cornwallis  as  gov- 
ernor-general, in  1786  and  later.  His  devotion  to  his  adopted 
country  was   shown  when,   in    1814,   after  the  burning  of  the 


national  capitol  by  the  British,  he  with  another  purchased  a 
house  in  Washington  and  allowed  Congress  the  use  of  it  as  a 
capitol  building  until  better  quarters  could  be  erected — by  this 
one  act  preventing  the  removal  of  the  capital  of  the  nation  from 
Washington.  Eliza  Law,  daughter  of  Thomas  Law,  married 
Lloyd  Nicholas  Rogers,  of  Baltimore,  and  their  son  was  General 
Edmund  Law  Rogers,  Sr.,  father  of  our  founder. 

The  Rogers  line  was  also  one  of  distinction.    Nicholas  Rogers, 
father  of  Lloyd  Nicholas  Rogers,  was  a  student  in  Scotland  at 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  39 

the  time  when  the  Revolution  began.  Hurrying  back  to  his 
country  by  way  of  France,  to  give  himself  to  the  cause  of  free- 
dom, he  became  an  aide-de-camp  to  General  de  Coudray,  and  was 
afterward  Baron  de  Kalb's  adjutant  during  the  dreadful  winter 
at  Valley  Forge.  Soon  after  the  close  of  the  Revolution,  Colonel 
Rogers  married  Eleanor  Buchanan,  daughter  of  Lloyd  Buchanan 
and  granddaughter  of  one  of  the  founders  of  Baltimore.  With 
her  there  came  into  the  Rogers  family  the  country-seat  of  five 
hundred  and  fiftv  acres,  then  known  as  "Auchentorolv,"  which 


EDMUND 
LAW 

ROGERS 
In  character 


the  city  of  Baltimore  bought  from  Lloyd  Nicholas  Rogers  in 
1859  for  $550,000,  and  which  has  now  become  Druid  Hill,  one 
of  the  surpassingly  beautiful  and  perfect  parks  of  the  world. 
Gen.  Edmund  Law  Rogers,  Sr.,  who  died  about  1895,  was  a 
prominent  and  wealthy  citizen  of  Baltimore,  and  held  many  posi- 
tions of  honor  and  trust  in  the  city  and  state.  His  wife,  Charlotte 
Plater,  was  a  descendant  of  George  Plater,  one  of  the  colonial 
governors  of  Maryland  and  a  member  of  the  Council.  Their 
only  surviving  child  is  Charlotte,  wife  of  Professor  Kirby  Flower 
Smith,  of  Johns  Hopkins. 


40  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Edmund  Law  Rogers,  Jr.,  was  prepared  for  the  University  at 
the  well-known  academy  of  James  Kinnier,  in  Baltimore,  where 
Founder  F.  C.  Nicodemus  was  among  his  classmates.  Entering 
the  University  of  Virginia  in  1869,  he  was  graduated  in  an  aca- 
demic course.  He  then  took  up  the  study  of  architecture.  Thor- 
oughly artistic  in  his  temperament,  none  who  knew  him  doubt 
that  had  he  been  under  the  kindly  spur  of  necessity  he  might 
have  achieved  eminence  in  his  profession,  and,  given  the  ordi- 
nary span  of  life,  have  been  one  of  our  country's  chief  apostles 
of  a  noble  art  which  is  just  now  coming  to  its  own  among  us. 
Private  theatricals  had  given  him  a  liking  for  the  stage.  It 
amused  him  to  act,  and,  free  from  personal  anxieties  and  cares, 
he  enjoyed  the  life  behind  the  footlights.  Handsome  and  clever, 
he  was  always  in  demand  for  leading  parts  and  in  the  support  of 
popular  stars,  from  1880,  when  he  entered  upon  his  stage  career, 
to  the  time  of  his  death.  At  one  time  he  played  in  "stock"  with 
Ada  Rehan,  and  later  he  had  the  part,  which  one  of  his  few 
extant  pictures  shows  to  have  been  easily  assumed  by  him,  of  a 
Southern  planter  in  Boucicault's  drama  of  "The  Octoroon." 
Upon  the  stage  he  was  known  as  Leslie  Edmunds.  Kindly,  pol- 
ished, full  of  quiet  humor,  a  citizen  of  the  world  who  loved  the 
world  in  which  he  dwelt,  his  old  friends  found  much  pleasure  in 
their  continued  association  with  him  while  he  lived.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Lambs  club,  of  New  York,  and  of  the  old  Alston 
club  of  Baltimore.  He  married  Miss  Anna  Carleton,  of  Boston, 
who  survived  him  but  a  few  years.  His  death  occurred  in  New 
York,  December  19,  1893 ;  he  was  buried,  from  the  old  Rogers 
residence  in  Baltimore,  in  the  Buchanan  and  Rogers  burying- 
ground  in  Druid  Hill,  reserved  to  the  family  use  perpetually 
when  the  sale  to  the  city  was  made.  Among  the  pall-bearers 
was  George  Leiper  Thomas,  his  early  brother  in  the  parent  Chap- 
ter of  Kappa  Sigma. 

FRANK  COURTNEY  NICODEMUS 

Frank  Courtney  Nicodemus  is  one  of  the  five  surviving  children 
of  Josiah  Courtney  Nicodemus  and  Mary  Jane  (Montandon) 
Nicodemus,  both  from  old  American  and  Maryland  families ;  and 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


41 


is  a  native,  and  a  life-long  resident,  of  Baltimore.  One  of  his 
sisters  is  the  wife  of  Edwin  Warfield,  "the  first  gentleman  of  the 
South,"  the  present  Governor  of  Maryland.  Before  entering 
the  University  of  Virginia,  young  Xicodemus  was  a  student  at 
Kinnier's  Academy  in  his  native  city,  where  he  was  associated 
with  Edmund  Law  Rogers,  Jr.  Leaving  the  University  in  the 
spring  of  1870,  he  was  taken  into  the  office  of  his  father's  firm, 
Smith  &  Nicodemus.  In  1874  he  became  a  partner  in  the  same 
firm,  and  in  the  following  year  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his 


FRANK 

COURTNEY 

NICODEMUS 

1904 


father,  under  the  title  of  J.  C.  Nicodemus  &  Son.  The  new  firm 
engaged  in  a  general  investment  and  brokerage  business  for  the 
following  four  years.  In  1879,  Brother  Nicodemus  formed  the 
firm  of  F.  C.  Nicodemus  &  Co.,  for  the  manufacture  of  boilers, 
engines  and  machinery;  withdrawing  from  this  firm  in  1885,  he 
became  treasurer  of  the  Baltimore  postoffice.  In  March,  1891, 
he  was  offered  the  general  agency  for  Maryland  of  the  Connecti- 
cut Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company,  which  he  continues  to  hold. 
Brother  Nicodemus  has  been  a  member  of  the  old  Alston  club. 


or  -rHf 

UNI  VERSI- 
ON 
<£alifornj£# 


42  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

and  of  the  Maryland  club,  of  Baltimore.  He  has  always  had  a 
part  in  the  social  life  of  his  city,  and  has  been  intimately  associ- 
ated with  some  of  the  older  and  younger  Kappa  Sigmas  there. 
He  was  married  March  26,  1879,  in  the  Franklin  Street  Presby- 
terian Church,  Baltimore,  to  Mary  Field  Weeks,  daughter  of 
John  L.  Weeks,  a  member  of  the  Baltimore  firm  of  Woods, 
Weeks  &  Co.  To  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Nicodemus  were  born  four  chil- 
dren :  John  Lee  Nicodemus,  who  is  about  to  become  an  officer  in 
the  regular  army ;  Frank  Courtney  Nicodemus,  Jr.,  a  graduate  of 
the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Maryland  and  a  bright  young 
member  of  the  firm  of  Pierce  &  Greer,  of  New  York,  one  of  the 
strongest  law  partnerships  in  the  United  States ;  Mary  Nico- 
demus; and  Gordon  Kirkland  Nicodemus,  who  has  just  entered 
upon  business  life.  After  the  death  of  his  first  wife,  Brother 
Nicodemus  was  again  married,  in  1891,  to  Miss  Florence  B. 
Smith,  of  Baltimore.  At  181 5  Park  avenue,  Baltimore,  is  the 
pleasant  home  of  the  family. 

JOHN  COVERT  BOYD 

John  Covert  Boyd,  who  has  been  connected  with  the  Navy 
medical  corps  for  more  than  thirty  years,  was  born  December 
24,  1850,  near  Bradford  Springs,  Sumter  county,  South  Carolina. 
His  grandfather  was  Dr.  John  Boyd,  physician  and  planter,  and 
his  father,  William  Simms  Boyd,  was  a  graduate  of  the  South 
Carolina  Medical  College,  though  he  devoted  his  attention  to  the 
management  of  his  estate  rather  than  to  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession. An  ancestor  in  the  paternal  line  was  General  Richard 
Richardson,  1704- 1780,  who  attained  to  distinction  in  the  colonial 
wars  and  in  the  Revolution.  An  account  of  his  services  and  a 
history  of  his  descendants  is  to  be  found  in  Johnson's  "Traditions 
of  the  Revolution,"  and  in  Mrs.  E.  F.  Ellet's  "Women  of  the 
American  Revolution,"  where  the  life  of  General  Richardson's 
wife,  who  was  Elizabeth  Canty,  of  South  Carolina,  is  given. 
John  Covert  Boyd's  mother  was  Laura  Nelson  (Covert)  Boyd,  a 
daughter  of  John  Covert,  a  minister  of  the  Dutch  Reformed 
Church  and  a  graduate  of  Columbia  and  of  Princeton  Seminary. 

After  being  prepared  for  college  in  private  schools  of  Charles- 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


43 


ton,  S.  C,  John  Covert  Boyd  spent  two  years  at  the  University  of 
Virginia,  from  1869  to  1871,  beginning  the  medical  course  in  the 
second  year.  He  then  entered  the  medical  department  of  the 
University  of  the  City  of  New  York,  from  which  he  received  the 
degree  of  M.D.  in  1872.  After  a  year  as  interne  in  the  Jersey 
City  Charity  Hospital,  he  was  appointed  an  Assistant  Surgeon  in 
the  Navy  medical  corps,  and  since  that  time  has  been  continu- 
ously connected  therewith,  having  risen  through  the  grades  of 
Passed  Assistant  Surgeon,  Surgeon,  and  Medical  Inspector,  to 


that  of  Medical  Director.  The  detailed  record  of  his  career  would 
fill  several  of  these  pages.  He  has  seen  service  both  afloat  and 
ashore;  was  for  eight  years  assistant  to  the  chief  of  the  naval 
Bureau  of  Medicine  and  Surgery;  was  detailed  as  a  delegate  to 
represent  the  medical  department  of  the  Navy  at  a  meeting  of 
th  Association  of  Military  Surgeons  of  the  United  States,  held 
in  Buffalo,  in  1895 ;  was  again  detailed  as  a  delegate  to  the  Inter- 
national Tuberculosis  Congress,  Berlin,  1899.  Since  1902  he  has 
been  a  professor  in  the  Naval  Medical  College.  Washington,  in 


44  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

which  institution  he  is  second  in  seniority,  and  a  member  of  the 
Board  for  examination  and  promotion  of  medical  officers. 
Throughout  his  professional  career  he  has  been  the  author  of 
numerous  reports  upon  technical  subjects,  and  he  is  at  present 
engaged,  under  the  supervision  of  the  Surgeon-General  of  the 
Navy,  in  the  preparation  of  a  book  of  instructions  for  medical 
officers,  which  will  make  a  volume  of  four  hundred  pages. 

Dr.  Boyd  is  a  Fellow  of  the  New  York  Academy  of  Medicine ; 
a  member  of  the  Association  of  Military  Surgeons  of  the  United 
States  and  of  the  American  Medical  Association;  an  honorary 
member  of  the  Medical  Society  of  the  District  of  Columbia;  a 
member  of  the  Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  and 
of  the  Archaeological  Institute  of  America.  On  January  16,  1905, 
President  Roosevelt  designated  him  as  one  of  the  incorporators 
of  the  American  National  Red  Cross,  and  appointed  him  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Central  Committee  of  that  body.  On  the  meeting  of  the 
incorporators  he  was  made  a  member  of  the  Executive  Commit- 
tee of  the  Red  Cross.  His  club  membership  includes  the  Metro- 
politan, Washington,  the  Reform,  New  York,  and  the  New  York 
Yacht  Club.  Attractive  and  magnetic,  a  typical  Southerner  and 
a  loyal  American,  Dr.  Boyd  is  known  not  only  as  the  best  in- 
formed man  in  the  Navy,  but  also  as  the  best  loved  man  in  it. 
It  is  said  on  good  authority  that  he  has  to  his  credit  the  highest 
grade  ever  made  in  an  examination  for  Passed  Assistant  Surgeon. 
He  was  married  June  24,  1887,  to  Miss  Katharine  Dorr  Willard, 
of  Washington,  a  daughter  of  C.  C.  Willard,  of  the  well-known 
Washington  family,  and  a  descendant  of  Simon  Willard,  once 
president  of  Harvard.  With  their  son  and  daughter,  Dr.  and  Mrs. 
Boyd  occupy  a  delightful  home  at  1315  P  Street,  northwest, 
Washington. 

JOHN  E.  SEMMES 

John  E.  Semmes  was  born  at  Cumberland,  Md.,  July  1,  1851. 
The  Semmes  family  in  America  is  a  distinguished  one,  especially 
in  the  Navy,  and  is  descended  from  Joseph  Semmes,  originally 
of  Norman  ancestry,  who  came  to  Maryland  from  England  in 
1688.     Representatives  of  the  family  living  in  northern  France 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


45 


offered  their  services  to  Admiral  Semmes  on  board  the  Alabama 
at  Cherbourg  just  before  the  engagement  with  the  Kearsarge. 
The  father  of  John  E.  Semmes  was  Samuel  M.  Semmes,  of  Mary- 
land, a  lawyer  by  profession.  Receiving  his  early  education  under 
private  tutors  and  in  Chestnut  Hill  School,  John  E.  Semmes 
entered  the  University  of  Virginia  October  18,  1869.  He  was 
graduated  upon  the  completion  of  a  course  in  analytical  chemis- 
try, and  soon  afterward  entered  the  Xavy  as  secretary  to  Com- 
modore John  Guest,  his  maternal  uncle.     Later,  he  prepared  for 


the  bar  in  the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Maryland,  and 
entered  the  office  of  the  late  John  H.  B.  Latrobe.  He  is  now  a 
member  of  the  law  firm  of  Steele  &  Semmes,  of  Baltimore,  is 
prominent  at  the  bar  of  that  city,  and  was  at  one  time  city  solici- 
tor. One  of  his  partners,  John  N.  Steele,  was  with  him  at 
Virginia  in  1869-70.  Brother  Semmes  was  married  to  Frances 
Hayward,  daughter  of  Nehemiah  P.  Hayward,  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  Prudence  (Carman) Hayward,  a  descendant  of  Cap- 
tain Robert  North,  prominent  in  the  early  history  of  Baltimore. 


46 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


He  is  a  member  of  the  Maryland  club  and  of  the  Bachelors' 
Cotillion  club  of  Baltimore.  In  the  early  days  of  Kappa  Sigma, 
he  was  an  intimate  associate  of  the  lamented  Rogers. 


SAMUEL  ISHAM  NORTH 

Samuel  Isham  North  was  born  May  14,  1849,  on  his  father's 
farm  in  De  Witt  county,  Texas,  and  received  his  early  education 


in  the  schools  of  that  state.  Early  in  January,  1870,  he  entered 
the  University  of  Virginia,  forming  that  deep  and  lasting  friend- 
ship with  George  Miles  Arnold  which  led  to  North's  early  union 
with  the  just- formed  Fraternity.  The  work  of  Rogers,  Arnold 
and  North,  is  known  to  those  acquainted  with  the  history  of  the 
secret  work  of  the  Fraternity,  and  has  been  spoken  of  in  the 
preceding  chapter,  in  so  far  as  it  may  be  told  in  these  pages. 
After  devoting  some  time  to  academic  studies,  North,  with  Ar- 
nold, entered  upon  the  study  of  medicine,  taking  the  first  year  of 
the  regular  medical  course.     Leaving  Virginia  in  the  spring  of 


THE  FOUNDERS  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA  47 

1 87 1  to  take  the  summer  course  at  the  University  of  New  York, 
he  passed  his  final  examinations  in  September,  1871,  at  the  latter 
institution,  though  on  account  of  a  regulation  as  to  time  of  resi- 
dence the  degree  was  not  conferred  upon  him  until  the  following 
March.  At  that  time,  after  a  competitive  examination,  Dr.  North 
won  the  position  of  interne  at  Roosevelt  hospital,  where  he  served 
eighteen  months.  He  then  became  one  of  sixteen  applicants  for 
interne  at  the  Woman's  hospital,  the  examination  for  which  is 
said  to  be  one  of  the  hardest  in  the  country.  North  won  the  posi- 
tion. The  illness  of  his  father  soon  demanded  his  return  to 
Texas,  and  in  1874  he  began  to  practice  in  Galveston.  Consid- 
erations of  health  necessitated  a  change  of  climate,  and  he  re- 
moved to  Cuero,  in  his  native  county,  and  in  1882  to  Clayton, 
New  Mexico,  where  he  has  since  led  the  self-denying  life  of  a 
busy  doctor ;  the  monotony  of  which  he  has  varied  by  a  successful 
venture  in  Hereford  cattle.  His  fellow-citizens  have  also  pro- 
vided him  with  occupation  for  his  rare  moments  of  leisure  by 
making  him  their  county  superintendent  of  schools. 

On  June  25,  1884,  Dr.  North  married  Eliza  Gordon,  daughter 
of  Jonathan  W.  Gordon,  a  major  of  regulars  and  afterward  a 
celebrated  criminal  lawyer  of  Indianapolis.  Their  son,  Samuel 
Gordon  North,  born  in  1885,  is  attending  Washington  and  Lee 
University,  and  is  an  active  member  of  Mu  of  Kappa  Sigma. 
The  four  hundred  Kappa  Sigmas  who  attended  the  St.  Louis 
Conclave  remember  the  good  gray  doctor,  and  understand  how 
much  of  the  present  beauty  and  strength  of  the  Fraternity  is  due 
to  the  work  performed  by  him,  with  the  lamented  Rogers  and 
Arnold. 

GEORGE  LEIPER  THOMAS 

George  Leiper  Thomas,  the  first  regular  initiate  the  date  of 
whose  initiation  is  precisely  known,  was  born  in  Baltimore,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1852.  His  father  was  John  Henry  Thomas,  a  member 
of  the  Baltimore  bar  for  fifty-four  years,  a  distinguished  and  able 
lawyer,  and  a  graduate  of  Princeton.  After  attending  private 
schools  in  Baltimore,  George  Thomas  went  to  Europe  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1868,  for  a  year  of  study  and  travel.     After  attending 

4 


48 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


lectures  at  Lausanne  he  went  to  Dresden,  and  was  at  the  Circus 
Renz  on  the  night  of  July  19,  1870,  when  the  performance  was 
brought  to  an  abrupt  end  by  the  announcement,  made  from 
the  ring  by  Renz,  the  proprietor,  of  the  declaration  of  war  by 
France  upon  Germany.  Thomas  then  went  to  Berlin,  where  he 
remained  a  spectator  of  events  until  the  end  of  the  Franco- 
Prussian  war.  Returning  to  America,  he  entered  the  University 
of  Virginia  in  the  fall  of  1870,  and  was  made  a  member  of  Kappa 
Sigma  at  its  first  meeting  of  which  the  contemporary  minute  re- 


mains, November  7,  1870.  He  was  one  of  those  who  lived  in  the 
first  Kappa  Sigma  house  during  the  year  'yo-'yi,  and  many  par- 
ticulars of  the  early  history  may  be  derived  from  his  recollections 
of  the  intimacy  existing  among  the  members,  and  of  their  habits 
and  customs.  He  was  the  intimate  friend  and  associate  of  Ed- 
mund Law  Rogers  until  the  death  of  the  latter,  and  has  kept  up 
his  acquaintance  with  other  pioneer  Kappa  Sigmas.  He  received 
the  degree  of  LL.B.  from  the  University  of  Maryland,  in  1873, 
and  has  practiced  law  in  Baltimore  ever  since. 


THE     EUROPEAN     TRADITION 

The  Fraternity  is  alone  among  the  university  societies  of  the 
country  in  a  traditional  and  legendary  European  origin. 

History  gives  us  the  information  that  there  existed  in  Euro- 
pean universities  secret  orders  among  students.  About  the  year 
1400,  as  is  well  known,  there  came  to  the  oldest  university  in 
the  world,  Bologna,  the  Greek  scholar  Manuel  Chrysoloras 
(I355?-I4I5)  wno  gave  to  the  world  as  his  pupils  many  dis- 
tinguished scholars.  He  was  the  author  of  Erotemata  Quaes- 
tiones,  one  of  the  first  Greek  grammars  used  in  Italy.  He  is  tra- 
ditionally asserted  to  have  founded  at  the  university  a  secret 
Order  of  students  for  mutual  protection  against  Baltasare  Cossa, 
at  that  time  governor  of  the  city,  who  practiced  extortion  upon 
the  students,  even  sending  out  bands  of  his  followers  to  rob  them 
as  they  approached  the  university.  The  Order  continued  to 
exist,  and  spread  first  to  the  University  of  Florence,  and  then  to 
the  other  three  of  the  five  great  universities — Paris,  Orleans  and 
Montpelier.  The  lodges  or  circles  among  these  scholars  were 
known  as  Kohaths.  They  flourished  throughout  the  revival  of 
learning,  enrolling  the  names  of  Bruni,  Politian,  the  de  Medicis, 
Michael  Angelo,  Chalcondylas,  Bracciolini,  and  many  others — 
poets,  artists  and  wits.  At  one  time  it  was  intended  to  name  all 
of  the  American  chapters  after  these  celebrities. 

In  modern  times  the  Order  became  practically  extinct,  but  its 
secrets  and  symbols  are  said  to  have  been  preserved  by  a  few 
noble  families  of  Italy  and  France — principally  in  the  de  Bardi 
family.  Its  ritual,  not  a  sophomore  document,  and  peculiarly 
appropriate  to  a  university  society,  is  reminiscent  of  both  the 
lower  and  higher  degrees  of  Masonry. 


THE  EUROPEAN  TRADITION 


51 


Enough  of  these  traditions  and  legends  have  grown  up  about 
the  Order  for  a  dozen  more  degrees  for  degree  makers.  A  few 
of  them,  referring  to  familiar  symbols  of  the  Fraternity  may  be 
here  explained.  Lorenzo  de  Medici,  "II  Magnifico,"  who  was  a 
patron  of  the  Order  in  its  beginning,  adopted  the  caduceus,  an 


INTERIOR  OF  THE  CAMPO  SANTO 
Bologna's  Westminster  Abbey 


emblem  of  Mercury,  as  his  private  seal.  Hence  the  use  of  the 
emblem  by  Kappa  Sigma,  and  name  of  the  magazine  of  the  Fra- 
ternity. The  motto  of  the  University  of  Bologna  was  Bononia 
docet  mundum  or  Bononia  docet.  This  is  the  open  motto  of 
Kappa  Sigma,  and  suggests  the  mission  which  Kappa  Sigma 
hopes  to  realize  in  the  new  world  as  Bologna  did  in  the  old. 


52 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


Referring  to  the  traditional  origin,  Alexander  Yerger  Scott,  of 
Mississippi,  the  Conclave  orator,  at  the  Grand  Conclave  at  Look- 
out Mountain,  1906,  said : 

"We  are  here,  gathered  together  from  the  furthest  confines  of 
our  beloved  country ;  from  the  North,  the  East,  the  West  and  the 
South,  actuated  by  like  desires,  centered  upon  a  single  purpose 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE.   MICHIGAN 


and  inspired  by  identical  ideas  and  ideals ;  and  that  which  inspires 
us,  the  good  we  seek,  is  not  selfish  but  unselfish,  not  personal,  but 
impersonal,  and  is  represented  to  us  by  a  name — that  name, 
Kappa  Sigma. 

"It  is  this  I  would  have  you  consider  with  me.     Kappa  Sigma 
is  known  to  the  outside  world  as  a  college  fraternity,  a  secret 


THE  EUROPEAN  TRADITION 


53 


organization  for  boys;  a  thing  for  their  amusement;  a  passing 
phase  of  youthful  experience  and  pleasure.  You  and  I  know  dif- 
ferently of  Kappa  Sigma,  whatever  may  be  said  of  others,  for  we 
have  within  our  hearts  the  esoteric  teachings  of  our  beloved  Fra- 
ternity, and  we  know  it  is  something  more,  much  more,  than  a 
thing  to  amuse  a  schoolboy,  and  to  be  discarded  with  the  toga. 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE.  ().  S.   V. 


We  know  that  Kappa  Sigma  represents  within  itself,  and  stands 
for,  the  great  truth  that,  express  it  how  or  when  or  where  we 
will,  from  the  first  dawn  of  recorded  history — aye,  beyond  that, 
turn  we  back  the  pages  of  the  eternal  ages  and  dip  into  the  past 
as  we  will — resolves  itself  into  this,  the  Fatherhood  of  God  and 
the  Brotherhood  of  Man. 

"Our  fraternity  rests  not  its  foundation  upon  recorded  his- 


54 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


tory.  We  cannot,  with  exactitude,  say  when  nor  where  nor  how 
the  thing  we  call  Kappa  Sigma  had  its  birth,  any  more  than  we 
can  say  when  the  light  first  begins  to  break  over  a  darkened 
world;  nor  when  nor  where  man  first  became  a  living,  breathing- 
spirit  reflecting  the  qualities  of  Deity.  Looking  back  into  the 
dim  past,  we  find  this  central  truth  of  life  first  expressed  in  myth 
and  in  symbol ;  in  the  esoteric  teachings  of  eastern  religions,  the 
Zend  Avestas,  the  Dhammapodas,  the  Vedas,  the  Koran ;  in  the 
Bibles  of  the  men  that  have  come  and  gone ;  in  the  myths  of 
Greece  and  Rome ;  in  the  Sagas  of  the  Northmen ;  and  the  tradi- 


KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE.   NEW  YORK 


tions  of  savages  express  in  some  form  the  same  idea- — enmeshed, 
it  may  be,  in  much  that  is  unbelievable,  much  that  is  absurd  to  our 
modern  scientific  mind.  So  the  central  truth  of  Kappa  Sigma 
comes  to  us  like  the  central  truth  of  life — through  legend  and 
through  tradition. 

"Tradition — did  you  ever  think  what  a  tradition  is ;  its  power, 
its  value,  its  utility  ?  Traditions  are  not  made  by  any  man,  but  by 
time  alone.  A  tradition  cannot  be  proved.  It  cannot  be  dis- 
proved. It  rests  alone  upon  faith — belief — and  that  is  the  power 
of  tradition,  for  faith  is  the  greatest  power  in  all  the  universe.  .  .  . 


THE  EUROPEAN  TRADITION 


.->.-> 


"Happy,  then,  that  nation  and  that  people  who  believe.  That 
their  tradition  be  true  or  false,  reasonable  or  unreasonable,  is  of 
little  moment,  so  that  it  is  believed. 

"My  brothers,  do  you  realize  that  Kappa  Sigma  shares  with  the 
Masonry  the  privileges  of  having  a  traditional  origin,  and  that 
these  two  secret  orders,  so  far  as  I  know,  are  the  only  two  that 
cannot  point  with  historic  accuracy  to  the  date  of  their  founding, 
without  resort  to  tradition — to  a  time  beyond  which  their  written 
history  extends — for  a  beginning?    The  Masons  date  their  origin 


PI 

> 

mir 

gjF 

\i <    ,:* --&M    .Jfl      1J     1 

^— won 

f  ~s^e- 

ft!JT-*T».1it.<iiM      '■^-■U      "  '  "'" 

KAPPA  SIGMA   HOUSE,  STANFORD 


at  the  building  of  King  Solomon's  temple,  and  the  sole  and  only 
proofs  they  have  of  this  tradition  are  the  esoteric  teachings  in 
their  ritual.  What  one  of  you  does  not  know  that  this  tradition — 
fable,  if  you  please  to  call  it — has  made  Masonry  the  greatest 
secret  organization  the  world  has  ever  known?  whose  power  for 
good  is  written  upon  the  history  of  more  than  one  nation,  and 
because  of  which  it  is  destined,  yet,  to  endure  so  long  as  man 
himself  endures. 

"How  account  you  for  the  marvelous  growth  of  Kappa  Sigma, 
for  the  loving  devotion  each  of  us  has  for  the  Star  and  Crescent. 


56 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


the  emblem  of  our  order  ?  Among  the  youngest  of  college  frater- 
nities in  America,  it  stands  to-day  the  greatest.  Can  you  doubt  for 
one  moment  that  the  living  force  behind  its  advance  is  bound  up 
in  its  traditional  history?  If  so,  open  the  floodgates  of  memory 
and  recall  how  your  soul  was  filled  with  rapture  as  the  story  of 
her  founding  was  gradually  unfolded  to  you — how,  as  you  learned 


KAPPA   SIGMA  HOUSE,   OREGON 


the  truths  taught,  as  you  journeyed  towards  the  City  of  Letters, 
a  new  light  and  a  new  life  seemed  to  fill  your  youthful  heart.  You 
were  at  one  with  the  youth  of  a  bygone  age.  You  shared  in  spirit 
the  toil  and  travail  of  those  who,  when  ignorance,  like  a  pall  of 
death,  had  settled  upon  the  world,  struggled  amid  the  vicissitudes 
of  a  crime-ridden  nation  for  light  and  for  truth.    And  it  was  then 


THE  EUROPEAN  TRADITION 


57 


you  learned  in  a  new  and  forceful  manner,  your  duty  to  your  fel- 
low men,  the  eternal  principle  of  brotherhood,  of  justice  and  of 
love. 

"Ah,  my  friends,  through  this  tradition  you' and  I  seem,  some 
way  and  somehow,  linked  to  the  brave  spirits  of  that  day,  who 
sought  to  defy  the  power  of  might  with  the  power  of  right ;  who 
sought  to  bring  out  of  darkest  night  a  resplendent  day,  who 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE,   MINNESOTA 


wrought  for  others,  knowing  full  well  that  one  can  only  reach  the 
full  measure  of  greatness  by  serving  his  fellow  men.  I  urge  you, 
then,  with  all  the  power  at  my  command,  to  cling  to,  believe  in 
and  live  up  to  this  hallowed  tradition  of  Kappa  Sigma  that  comes 
to  us  out  of  the  dim  past  like  the  first  faint  breath  of  spring  time, 
and  which,  somehow  and  some  way,  makes  us  better  and  nobler 
and  stronger  because  thereof. 


58 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


"But  I  like  to  think  that  the  God  of  nations  and  of  men  held  in 
reserve,  from  the  beginning,  another  noble  mission  for  our  Fra- 
ternity— the  mission  of  aiding  in  binding  up  and  healing  the 
wounds  of  a  nation — and  it  has  ever  seemed  to  me  that  Kappa 
Sigma's  refounding,  after  it  has  winged  its  gentle  way  across  the 
dread  Atlantic,  was  prophetic  of  its  mission  and  lends  verity  to 
its  early  legends. 

"Thirty-seven  years  ago,  in  the  little  village  of  Charlottesville, 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE,   PURDUE 


nestling  in  a  beautiful  valley  of  the  Alleghenies,  within  the  shad- 
ows of  Monticello,  the  historic  home  of  America's  greatest  com- 
moner, amid  the  classic  columns  and  colonnades  of  the  University 
inspired  by  his  genius,  our  beloved  fraternity  was  born  again. 
The  boom  of  the  cannon  at  Appomattox  still  reverberates  in  the 
distance.  Fraternal  blood  yet  crimsons  Virginia's  tragic  soil. 
Where  peace  and  plenty  had  found  their  wonted  home,  poverty 
was  abroad  in  the  land.  Fields,  once  molten  with  billowy  oceans 
of  golden  grain,  languidly  rolling  as  the  gentle  southern  zephyrs 


THE  EUROPEAN  TRADITION 


59 


played  hide  and  seek  mid  their  million  glittering  tassels,  now  lay 
fallow,  silently  pleading  for  the  dominion  of  the  plow.  Palatial 
homes,  where  once  the  lute  made  glad  music  'neath  the  southern 
summer  skies,  and  silvery  laughter  rippled  from  merry  lips,  and 
beaming  eyes  flashed  with  love  and  life,  now  lay  in  smouldering 
ruins.  Eyes  that  had  sparkled  were  dull  with  tears.  Hearts  that 
had  burgeoned  and  blossomed  with  love  now  shrivelled  with  bit- 
terest hate.  War,  grim-visaged  and  dread,  had  stalked  through- 
out the  land  for  four  long  years,  and  all  was  desolation — all  was 
ruin.  And  yet  it  was  there,  amid  these  scenes,  that  our  beloved 
Kappa  Sigma  had  its  new  birth.  It  was  in  the  halls  of  our  Fra- 
ternity that  a  part  of  the  youth  of  the  country  began  to  close  the 
doors  of  the  four  years  of  hell  this  people  had  lived.  There  we 
began  to  learn  that  love  and  not  hate,  peace  and  not  war,  are 
the  laws  of  life — to  know  that  there  was  no  North  and  no  South, 
but  one  great  country ;  that  there  was  no  Northerner,  no  South- 
erner, but  all  Americans,  blood  of  the  same  blood,  bone  of  the 
same  bone,  brothers  in  truth  and  in  fact,  united  in  indissoluble 
union. 

"And  so  my  brothers,  on  behalf  of  Kappa  Sigma  in  the  South,  I 
welcome  you  with  all  my  heart.  We  know  one  another  and  we 
love  one  another,  for  Kappa  Sigma  is  Love." 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY 


Unlike  many  fraternities  and  most  of  those  which  originated 
in  the  South,  Kappa  Sigma  was  never  intended  to  be  a  sectional 
fraternity.  The  men  who  founded  her  at  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1869  were  not  of  small  ideas.  When  Founder  McCor- 
mick  and  other  founders  from  Baltimore  returned  to  that  city 
from  the  university  in  1870,  they  engaged  splendid  apartments  on 
Lombard  Street  for  fraternity  purposes.  Here  was  to  be  the 
Alpha  Chapter,  at  the  South's  old  medical  school,  the  University 
of  Maryland.  But  the  time  was  inopportune,  and  the  Chapter 
did  not  make  its  appearance  till  1875,  when  Dr.  A.  C.  Heffenger, 
(Zeta)  later  to  be  passed  assistant  surgeon  in  the  navy,  an  emi- 
nent writer  and  medico-legal  expert,  initiated  a  number  of  gen- 
tlemen. In  1 87 1,  when  Founders  Arnold  and  North  went  to  Belle- 
vue,  New  York,  they  were  given  powers  by  the  parent  Chapter 
to  initiate  Dr.  Henry  Seeley  Welch,  of  San  Francisco,  which 
they  accordingly  did.  Dr.  Welch  was  to  install  a  Chapter 
at  the  University  of  California,  but  he  also  found  the  time  in- 
opportune. Under  a  similar  dispensation,  it  was  in  New  York 
at  Bellevue,  that  Dr.  George  Wyatt  Hollings worth  (Beta)  was 
initiated  to  establish  Beta  at  the  University  of  Alabama,  the  sec- 
ond Chapter.  It  should  be  noted  that  there  were  no  fraternities 
at  this  time  at  California  nor  at  Alabama — the  beginning  of  the 
wise  policy  of  extension  of  Kappa  Sigma.  There  were  also  hopes 
of  a  Chapter  in  New  York  City,  to  be  called  New  York  Delta, 
and  to  draw  its  members  from  all  New  York  City  colleges — an- 
other brilliant  scheme  of  the  dashing  Dr.  Arnold.  Thus  of  the 
first  four  Chapters  contemplated,  one  was  in  the  far  South  at 
Alabama,  one  in  the  middle  tier  of  states  at  Maryland,  one  in 


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62 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


New  York,  and  one  on  the  Pacific — all  of  which  were  at  a  later 
day  to  come  into  existence  in  the  most  national,  from  a  geo- 
graphical  standpoint,   of   all   the    fraternities. 

It  was  not,  however,  until  1873,  that  the  mother  Chapter  took 
np  the  extension  movement  in  earnest.  In  that  year  a  Chapter 
was  placed  by  Dr.  James  H.  Durham  at  Trinity  College,  North 
Carolina,  drawing  its  members  mainly  from  the  old  Hesperian 
Society  of  that  college.     From  that  day  to  this,  time  has  wit- 


HEADQUARTERS  AT  BROWN 

A  section  of  this  Dormitory  is  occupied  by  Kappa  Sigma  only 

nessed  a  continual  increase  in  the  number  of  Chapters  and  the 
annals  of  Kappa  Sigma,  one  of  the  youngest  of  the  great 
■college  societies,  have  been  no  less  brilliant  than  those  of  any 
other  Greek  letter  organization. 

It  was  but  natural  that  the  Fraternity  should  first  plant  suc- 
cessful Chapters  in  the  South,  for  there  were  the  friends  and 
kinsmen  of  its  members.  Besides,  the  war  had  disrupted  nearly 
all  college  organizations  in  that  section,  the  field  for  the  running 
was  open  to  Kappa  Sigma  equally  with  older  fraternities,  the 
colleges  were  of  the  high  type  of  the  old-time  classical  discipline, 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY 


63 


and  fraternity  material  in  the  Southern  homes  of  the  most  in- 
tensely thoroughbred  of  Americans  was  of  the  best.  Notable 
as  are  the  founders  for  their  connections,  so  also  may  this  be  re- 
marked of  all  the  Fraternity's  early  members,  for  no  society  had 
brethren  of  higher  social  status  than  did  Kappa  Sigma  in  all  her 
early  years.  Among  those  who  assisted  in  building  up  the  organ- 
ization may  be  found  the  sons  of  such  men  as  Presidents  John 
Tyler  and  Jefferson  Davis,  Generals  Albert  Sidney  Johnston, 
Joe  Wheeler,  Walker,  Taliaferro,  Wright,  and  Stubblefield,  of 
the  Confederate  armies ;  Governors  Ligon,  of  Maryland,  Walker 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE.   COLORADO  MINES 


of  Virginia,  Marks  of  Tennessee,  McLaurin  of  Mississippi, 
1  Jerry  of  Arkansas,  and  many  others.  The  chapter  rolls  of  the 
first  Southern  Chapters  are  rosters  of  the  names  of  the  first 
families  of  the  South.  A  number  were  the  sons  of  men  prominent 
in  the  history  of  other  fraternities. 

Before  Kappa  Sigma  had  a  Northern  Chapter,  she  had  eleven 
institutional  seats  in  the  South — at  Virginia,  the  keystone  of 
Southern  education,  with  its  graduates  influencing  America,  the 
Harvard  of  the  South ;  Alabama,  whose  sons  have  illustrated  the 
history  of  the  state ;  Trinity,  the  favored  child  of  North  Carolina 


64 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


Methodism ;  Emory  and  Henry,  beloved  of  Virginia  Methodism ; 
Washington  and  Lee,  with  its  famous  graduates  in  all  sections 
of  the  history  of  the  South,  the  West,  and  the  nation,  and  loved 
almost  as  is  Virginia ;  Virginia  Military  Institute,  the  "West  Point 
of  the  South ;"  Virginia  Polytechnic  Institute,  the  first  technical 
school  in  the  South ;  Maryland,  one  of  the  oldest  of  American 
medical   schools   and   most   popular ;   Mercer,    representative   of 


KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE,  ILLINOIS 


the  Baptists  in  the  lower  South ;  Vanderbilt,  prosperous  and 
favored  of  a  rich  benefactor ;  Tennessee,  the  sucessor  of  Blount 
College,  one  of  the  oldest  colleges  of  the  South.  All  of  these 
Chapters  save  Virginia  Polytechnic,  Emory  and  Henry,  and  Vir- 
ginia Military  Institute  are  alive  to-day,  and  these  three  were 
killed  only  by  anti- fraternity  laws.  The  founders  knew  well 
how  to  cultivate  vitality  and  to  choose  institutions.  All  of  these 
and  our  later  Southern  Kappa  Sigma  colleges  are  adornments 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY 


65 


to  our  Chapter  roll.  Their  history  is  a  part  of  the  history  of 
America,  and  an  inspiration.  In  some  cases  their  incomes  and 
student  bodies  are  not  so  large  as  some  of  their  newer  Northern 
and  Western  sisters.  Yet  their  buildings  and  equipment  are  of 
the  best,  for,  following  the  classical  courses,  they  do  not  need 
large  sums  for  technical  apparatus,  and  their  professors  are 
willing  to  work  for  a  spiritual  reward.    The  tone  of  their  student 


KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE,  CASE 


bodies  is  unexcelled  in  the  United  States.     With  the  prosperity 
of  the  new  South,  even  many  are  becoming  rich  in  money. 

The  only  period  not  of  the  highest  prosperity  known  to  the  Fra- 
ternity was  the  college  generation  of  four  years  from  1880  to 
1884.  This  was  due  to  no  lack  of  interest  among  Kappa  Sigmas, 
but  to  a  peculiarly  sad  and  universal  condition  of  a  lack  of  pros- 
perity of  Kappa  Sigma  colleges  in  the  unsettled  condition  of  the 


66 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


South,  and  to  assaults,  by  anti-fraternity  laws,  on  Kappa  Sigma 
Chapters. 

In  the  movement  into  Southern  colleges,  the  name  of  the  im- 
mortal Kappa  Sigma,  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson — "Lon  Jackson" — 
is  enshrined  in  the  heart  of  every  Kappa  Sig.  The  son  of  a 
banker,   a   mystic,   an   idealist,   and   advanced    in    Masonry,   this 


STEPHEN   ALONZO  JACKSON 


golden-hearted  Virginian  ruined  his  fortune  in  behalf  of  the 
Order.  "S.  A.  Jackson  Day,"  the  fourth  of  March,  was  ordered 
to  be  regularly  observed  among  Kappa  Sigmas,  by  the  Richmond 
Grand  Conclave  of  1894. 

It  was  not  until  1880  that  Kappa  Sigma  established  a  Chapter 
in  the  North.  Then  it  was  that  a  number  of  the  members  of 
the  Zeta  Epsilon  literary  society  at  Lake  Forest  petitioned  for 


o 

o 

z 

m 

f 

> 
z 
- 

H 
> 

O 
% 

0 

> 

-d 
> 


68 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


and  received  a  charter.  This  was  the  first  Northern  Chapter  of 
a  fraternity  of  Southern  origin.  The  Chapter  survived  only  till 
1882,  for  knowledge  of  membership  in  it  meant  expulsion  from 
the  college.  A  second  petition  for  a  Chapter  at  another  Northern 
college  was  received  from  an  organization  which  had  withdrawn 
from  its  general   fraternity,  but  this  petition  was  rejected.     In 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE,   LAKE  FOREST 

1885,  a  Chapter  was  organized  at  Purdue.  From  this  point  on- 
ward is  a  history  of  the  conquest  of  the  North  and  West.  The 
Fraternity  now  has  the  longest  roll  of  all  the  fraternities — seven- 
ty-six Chapters.  It  has  the  widest  geographical  distribution  of 
the  fraternities,  being  represented  in  more  states  of  the  Union 
than  any  other — having  Chapters  in  thirty-five  states,  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia  and  the  coming  state  of  Oklahoma. 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY 


69 


This  list  shows  the  order  in  which  Kappa  Sigma  entered  the 
states  and  territories,  the  first  Chapter  in  each,  and  the  date  of  its 
foundation:  i.  Virginia  (Virginia,  1869)  ;  2.  Alabama  (Alabama, 
1871);  3.  North  Carolina  (Trinity,  1873);  4.  Maryland  (Mary- 
land, 1874)  ;  5.  Georgia  (Mercer,  1875)  ;  6.  Tennessee  (Vander- 
bilt,   1877)  ;  7.  Illinois   (Lake  Forest,  1880)  ;  8.  West  Virginia 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE,  GEORGE  WASHINGTON 


(West  Virginia,  1883)  ;  9.  Texas  (Texas,  1884)  ;  10.  Indiana 
(Purdue,  1885);  11.  Louisiana  (Centenary,  1885);  12.  Maine 
(Maine,  1886)  ;  13.  Ohio  (Ohio  Northern,  1886)  ;  14.  Pennsyl- 
vania (Swarthmore,  1888)  ;  15.  South  Carolina  (South  Carolina, 
1890)  ;  16.  Arkansas  (Arkansas,  1890)  ;  17.  Michigan  (Michigan, 
1892)  ;  18.  District  of  Columbia  (George  Washington — formerly 
known  as  Columbian — 1892)  ;   19.  New  York   (Cornell.  1892)  ; 


70 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


20.  Vermont  (Vermont,  1893);  21.  Kentucky  (Bethel.  1894): 
22.  Mississippi  (Millsaps,  1895)  ;  23.  Nebraska  (Nebraska, 
1897)  ;  24.  Missouri  (William  Jewell,  1897)  ;  25.  Rhode  Island 
(Brown,  1898)  ;  26.  Wisconsin  (Wisconsin,  1898)  ;  27.  Califor- 
nia (Stanford,  1898)  ;  28.  New  Hampshire  (New  Hampshire, 
1901)  ;  29.  Minnesota  (Minnesota,  1901)  ;  30.  Colorado  (Den- 
ver, 1902)  ;  31.  Iowa  (Iowa,  1902)  ;  32.  Kansas  (Baker,  1903)  ; 
33.  Washington  (Washington,  1903);  34.  Oregon  (Oregon, 
1904)  ;  35.  Massachusetts  (Massachusetts  State,  1904)  ;  36.  Idaho 
(Idaho,  1905)  ;  37.  Oklahoma  (Oklahoma,  1906). 
The  Fraternity  early  observed  the  decadence  of  many  of  the  old 


KAPPA  SIGMA   HOUSE,   MISSOURI 


sectarian  colleges  in  the  North,  where  fraternities  in  the  past  had 
most  of  their  chapters,  and  shunned  them.  At  the  same  time, 
she  prophesied  the  splendid  future  of  the  state  institutions — the 
result  of  the  congressional  acts  of  1862  and  later — and  other 
institutions  founded  since  the  civil  war.  Fraternities  of  Northern 
origin  in  these  places  had  no  more  prestige  due  to  the  age  of 
their  chapters  than  did  Kappa  Sigma.  The  fraternity  thus  found 
opportunities  in  the  North  and  West  similar  to  those  she  had 
met  in  the  South — the  best  universities,  and  these  not  overcrowd- 
ed by  Greek  letter  societies.  At  present  in  the  leading  seats  of 
American  educational  progress — the  state  schools,  colleges,  and 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY 


71 


universities — Kappa  Sigma  has  a  larger  number  of  Chapters  than 
any  other  fraternity.  Nearly  fifty  per  cent  of  them  are  so  located. 
She  is  also  represented  in  all  but  four  of  the  twenty  universities 
in  the  United  States  having  the  largest  enrollment — Harvard. 
Columbia,  California,  Northwestern,  Michigan,  Minnesota,  Cor- 
nell, Illinois,  Yale,  Chicago,  Pennsylvania,  Nebraska,  Syracuse, 
New  York,  Ohio  State,  Missouri,  Princeton,  Indiana,  George 
Washington  and  Stanford.  Of  these  four — Princeton,  Columbia. 
Northwestern  and  Yale — Princeton  does  not  admit  fraternities. 
Alumni  familiar  with  the  situation  in  the  next  two  institutions 
mentioned,  in  New  York  and  Chicago  respectively,  have  repeat- 


KAPPA  SIGMA   HOUSE,    BAKER 


edly  advised  against  entering  Columbia  or  Northwestern.  Both 
are  crowded  with  fraternities,  and  conditions  at  Columbia  seem 
to  demand  the  ownership  of  a  very  costly  house  to  start  with. 
No  movement  looking  toward  Yale  has  ever  received  encourage- 
ment, for  reasons  recently  expressed  by  President  Hadley  of  that 
university — "A  large  part  of  the  fraternities  are  not  even  known 
by  their  Greek-letter  names.  .  .  .  When  I  want  to  know 
what  is  the  Greek-letter  name  of  any  organization,  I  have  to  look 
it  up  in  the  Yale  Banner.  Even  those  societies  like  Delta  Kappa 
Epsilon  or  Psi  Upsilon,  which  have  retained  their  Greek-letter 
names  in  common  parlance,  are  never  known  as  fraternities,  but 


72 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


as  societies;  and  when  they  go  to  conventions  the  delegates  have 
to  cram  up  on  purpose  to  find  out  what  is  the  grip,  or  what  the 
Greek-letters  stand  for,  or  any  other  supposed  secrets  of  the 
fraternity." 

Kappa  Sigma  was  the  pioneer  fraternity  of  Southern  origin  in 
the  seven  Northern  states  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Illinois, 
Indiana,  Wisconsin,  West  Virginia  and  Minnesota.  This  does 
not  take  into  account  the  powers  extended  to  Dr.  George  Miles 
Arnold  in  1871,  by  the  Virginia  Chapter  to  initiate  from  New 
York  City  colleges.     Kappa  Sigma  has  been  the  pioneer   fra- 


KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE,  PENNSYLVANIA 


ternity  of  Southern  origin  in  fifteen  Northern  colleges  :  Bowdoin, 
Case,  Dartmouth,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Lake  Forest,  Maine,  Minne- 
sota, New  Hampshire,  New  York,  Purdue,  Swarthmore,  Syra- 
cuse, West  Virginia,  and  Wisconsin.  She  has  been  the  second 
oldest  fraternity  of  Southern  origin  in  a  number  of  Northern 
institutions,  having  been  preceded  by  Alpha  Tau  Omega  at 
Brown,  Pennsylvania,  Vermont  and  Washington  and  Jefferson ; 
and  similarly  preceded  by  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon  at  Harvard, 
Bucknell  and  Dickinson,  and  by  Sigma  Nu  at  the  University  of 
Iowa.  An  examination  of  the  history  of  Kappa  Sigma's  Chapter 
roll — North,  South,  and  West — shows  that  at  present  or  at  some 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY  73 

time  in  their  careers,  twenty-two  of  her  Chapters  are  or  have  been 
the  first  chapters  founded  or  the  oldest  chapters  on  account  of 
continuous  existence  in  their  respective  universities. 

Many  Chapters  have  been  formed  from  local  and  other  so- 
cieties, thus  giving  a  Chapter  an  element  of  stability  at  its  incep- 
tion, this  policy  being  as  marked  in  Kappa  Sigma  as  in  any  other 
fraternity.  Yet  it  has  never  sought  to  add  the  names  of  United 
States  senators  and  other  prominent  men  to  its  alumni  lists  by 
enrolling  them  without  initiation  or  active  affiliation — an  abuse 
in  some  fraternities.  Indeed,  conservatism  in  this  regard  led  to 
the  breaking  off  of  negotiations  for  union  of  Kappa  Sigma  with 
two  other  general  fraternities.  Until  1902,  the  initiation  of 
alumni  of  local  societies  was  prohibited ;  since  then  under 
certain  restrictions  it  has  been  permitted.  Those  Chapters 
formed  from  other  societies  are :  Emory  and  Henry  ( Phi  Mu 
Omicron),1  Washington  and  Lee,  as  reestablished  in  1904  (Mu 
Pi  Lambda),2  Lake  Forest  (Lambda  Phi),3  Grant,  as  reestab- 
lished (The  Secret  Fraternity)  ;  Hampden-Sidney  (Phi  Mu 
Gamma)  ;  Maine  (K.  K.  F. — Roman  letter)  ;  Bucknell  (Phi  Ep- 

1  Some  of  the  members  of  the  Emory  and  Henry  chapter  and  several 
members  of  other  chapters  of  Phi  Mu  Omicron  were  admitted  into  Kappa 
Sigma  in  1879.  This  society  was  founded  at  South  Carolina  College  in 
1858,  and  is  the  second  oldest  of  the  defunct  societies  of  Southern  origin. 
It  also  had  chapters  at  Wofford,  Charleston,  Emory,  Newberry,  and  Emory 
and  Henry.  Its  badge  was  a  monogram  of  the  letters  comprising  the  name 
of  the  society.  Members  of  the  first  southern  Kappa  Alpha  joined  Phi 
Mu  Omicron  in  1866.  Kukloi  Adelphon  or  "circles"  nourished  as  select 
organizations  among  the  southern  gentry  before  the  war  in  the  colleges 
and  also  in  the  "court"  towns  or  county  seats  in  Alabama,  Virginia,  Ken- 
tucky and  other  southern  states.  After  the  war,  in  the  Reconstruction 
period,  these  kukloi  formed  a  basis  for  the  Ku  Klux  Klan. 

2  The  Washington  and  Lee  chapter  of  Mu  Pi  Lambda  was  the  mother 
chapter  of  that  fraternity,  founded  in  1895,  and  also  having  chapters  at 
Virginia,  Harvard,  West  Virginia,  and  William  and  Mary.  At  Jefferson's 
home,  "Monticello,"  Virginia,  in  1904,  the  society  disbanded.  The  William 
and  Mary  chapter  joined  Theta  Delta  Chi;  part  of  the  Virginia  chapter 
joined  Phi  Delta  Theta  and  Kappa  Sigma.  Its  badge  was  a  five-sided  shield 
displaying  the  letters,  Mu  Pi  Lambda,  beneath  an  eye  and  above  the  skull 
and  bones.     It  published  a  quarterly,  the  Archon. 

1  Lambda  Phi  was  a  continuation  of  the  well-known  "Suicide  Club"  of 
Lake  Forest. 


74  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

silon)  ;  William  Jewell  (Pi  Alpha  Theta)  ;  New  Hampshire 
(Q.  T.  V.)  ;4  Minnesota  (Alpha  Theta)  ;  California  (Beta  Kappa 
Delta)  ;  Denver  (Kappa  Delta)  ;  Dickinson  (Pi  Gamma  Alpha)  ; 
Iowa  (Phi  Upsilon)  ;  Baker  (Skull  and  Bones)  ;  Case  (Phi  Alpha 
Chi);  Colorado  (Phi  Psi  Sigma);  Chicago  (Bronze  Shield); 
Massachusetts  State  (D.  G.  K.)  ;•"•  Dartmouth  (Beta  Gamma); 
Harvard  (Pi  Upsilon)  ;  Idaho  (Sigma  Delta  Alpha)  ;  Oklahoma 
(Alpha  Delta  Sigma). 

When  the  Michigan  Chapter  was  founded  its  membership  was  at 
first  confined  to  the  law  school,  similar  to  Sigma  Chi  in  that 
University. 

The  few  and  short  periods  of  inactivity  of  Kappa  Sigma  Chap- 
ters are  remarkable  to  contemplate.  Of  the  large  fraternities 
having  over  fifty  Chapters,  Kappa  Sigma  has  the  smallest  per- 
centage of  dead  or  inactive  Chapters.  A  number  of  the  Chapters 
have  become  victims  of  anti-fraternity  legislation.  Those  at  Vir- 
ginia Military  Institute,  Emory  and  Henry  and  the  Virginia 
Polytechnic  Institute  were  forced  out  through  these  regulations. 
The  Alabama  Chapter  was  killed  by  anti-fraternity  laws  shortly 
after  its  foundation,  and  was  revived  in  1899.  Hostile  legislation 
caused  the  inactivity  of  the  Vanderbilt  Chapter  from  1880  to 
1885,  although  anti-fraternity  laws  prevailed  from  the  foundation 
of  the  university  in  1875.  The  Lake  Forest  Chapter  was  also 
inactive  on  account  of  hostile  legislation  from  1882  to  1896.  The 
inactivity  of  the  South  Carolina  Chapter  commenced  with  Senator 
Ben  Tillman's  anti-fraternity  legislation  in  the  South  Carolina 
Legislature  in  1897. 

Exclusiveness  caused  the  Washington  and  Lee  Chapter  to  be- 

4  Q.  T.  V.  was  the  first  technical  fraternity  to  have  more  than  one  chap- 
ter, being  founded  at  Massachusetts  State  College,  in  1869.  It  had  chapters 
at  Massachusetts  State,  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Pennsylvania  State, 
Worcester  Polytechnic  and  Cornell.  The  Pennsylvania  State  chapter  joined 
Phi  Kappa  Sigma  and  the  Maine  chapter  joined  Phi  Gamma  Delta.  The 
fraternity  published  a  handsome  quarto  journal  from  Boston  and  a  cata- 
logue in  1886.  The  badge  was  a  diamond-shaped  slab  upon  which  is  en- 
graved a  monogram  of  the  letters  "Q.  T.  V." 

5  This  society,  established  in  1868  at  Massachusetts  State,  was  the  first 
technical  fraternity  ever  founded.  It  published  a  catalogue  in  1879  and 
issued  for  many  years  an  annual  called  the  Cycle,  which  it  continues. 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY 


75 


come  inactive  in  1877.  It  was  reestablished  in  1888,  but  with  the 
overcrowded  condition  of  the  institution,  fraternities  pledging  men 
on  incoming  trains,  it  was  withdrawn  in  1900.  It  was  again 
installed  in  1904  by  the  absorption  of  the  mother  Chapter  of  Mu 
Pi  Lambda.  The  Chapter  at  the  University  of  Maryland  was 
withdrawn  in  1875  on  account  of  an  unseemly  conflict  with  the 
Rush  Medical  Society  of  that  University.  It  was  revived  in  1890 
with  the  privilege  of  drawing  membership  from  both  Maryland 


THE   LIVING   ROOM.   KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE.  HARVARD 


and  Johns  Hopkins  universities,  but  was  again  withdrawn  be- 
cause of  the  laxity  of  organization  from  which  city  Chapters 
suffer.  It  was  revived  in  1898  and  from  that  date  has  been  very 
successful.  By  agreement,  all  fraternities,  owing  to  the  fact 
they  were  supposed  to  be  ruining  the  literary  societies,  withdrew 
from  Trinity  in  1879;  the  Chapter  was  revived  in  1892.  The 
Chapters  at  Grant  and  West  Virginia  were  discontinued,  the  first 
for  lack  of  material,  the  second  on  account  of  local  difficulties. 
Internal  dissensions  affecting  the  Indianapolis  or  Butler  Chapter, 


76 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


caused  its  withdrawal.  The  Chapter  at  Emory  College  was  dis- 
continued on  account  of  failure  of  members  to  return  to  college 
and  the  desire  of  the  Fraternity  not  to  remain  in  the  institution, 
the  last  Kappa  Sigma  being  valedictorian  of  his  class.  Several 
causes  led  to  the  withdrawal  of  the  Indiana  Chapter  in  1888:  the 
Chapter  was  reestablished  in  1900,  and  prospers.  The  Chapter 
at  Centenary  was  the  first  established  there  after  the  Civil  War. 


KAPPA  SIGMA   HOUSE,   WISCONSIN 


but  was  withdrawn  in  1904  on  account  of  the  decline  of  the  col- 
lege, due  to  agitation  over  its  removal.  The  Chapters  at  Ohio 
Northern  and  Thatcher  Institute  were  withdrawn  because  these 
colleges  were  not  considered  to  be  up  to  the  full  American  collegi- 
ate standard.  The  Chapter  at  Bethel  College  surrendered  its 
charter  on  account  of  lack  of  suitable  material.  The  Mercer 
Chapter  was  withdrawn  in  1879  during  a  wretched  period  in  the 
college's  history,  and  was  installed  again  in  1891.     The  Chapter 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY  11 

at  Kentucky  State  College  is  regarded  as  a  continuation  of  the 
Chapter  at  Kentucky  University,  the  latter  having  been  with- 
drawn on  account  of  the  desire  not  to  have  two  Chapters  in  the 
same  town.  The  Chapter  at  North  Georgia  College  surrendered 
its  charter  with  a  decline  of  the  institution.  When  the  Maryland 
Military  and  Naval  Academy,  the  most  important  military  insti- 
tute of  private  foundation  ever  established  in  the  country,  was 
financially  wrecked  by  its  officers  in  1887,  the  Chapter  there  ceased 
to  exist. 

The  Fraternity's  relations  with  other  societies  have  been  cor- 
dial. The  first  numbers  in  the  following  give  the  number  of  all 
the  Chapters  of  various  fraternities  met  by  Kappa  Sigma,  and 
the  second  numbers  the  percentage  of  such  Chapters  to  the  entire 
Chapter  roll  of  each  fraternity :  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  45,  68  per 
cent;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  41,  59  per  cent ;  Sigma  Nu,  36,  65  per  cent; 
Beta  Theta  Pi,  33,  49  per  cent ;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  ^,  58  per  cent ; 
Kappa  Alpha  (Southern  Order),  33,  67  per  cent;  Sigma  Chi,  31, 
57  per  cent ;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  27,  56  per  cent ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega, 
27,  53  per  cent;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  23,  55  per  cent;  Pi  Kappa  Al- 
pha, 21,  72  per  cent;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  18,  72  per  cent;  Delta 
Kappa  Epsilon,  16,  39  per  cent;  Delta  Upsilon,  16,  44  per  cent; 
Psi  Upsilon,  12,  55  per  cent;  Zeta  Psi,  12,  55  per  cent;  Theta 
Delta  Chi,  12,  50  per  cent;  Chi  Phi,  11,  55  per  cent;  Chi  Psi,  10, 
56  per  cent ;  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  9,  38  per  cent ;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa, 
8,  42  per  cent ;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  5,  38  per  cent ;  Sigma  Phi,  4, 
50  per  cent ;  Delta  Phi,  4,  36  per  cent ;  Delta  Psi,  2,  25  per  cent ; 
Kappa  Alpha  (Northern  Order),  2,  29  per  cent;  Alpha  Chi  Rho, 
2,  33  per  cent. 

Kappa  Sigma  has  always  opposed  "lifting,"  repeatedly  re- 
fusing propositions  of  this  kind,  although  when  such  a  practice 
was  considered  legitimate,  in  1880,  it  took  several  members  of 
the  Virginia  Polytechnic  Chapter  of  Beta  Theta  Pi,  after  the 
Betas  had  surrendered  their  charter.  However,  the  giving  up 
of  the  charter  was  in  no  way  influenced  by  Kappa  Sigma.  The 
charge  that  Kappa  Sigma  lifted  the  Iowa  Chapter  of  Alpha  Chi 
Rho  is  unsupported  by  facts.  The  Phi  Epsilon  Society  of  Buck- 
nell,  which  became  a  Chapter  of  Kappa  Sigma,  was  formed  some 


KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE,  CALIFORNIA 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY  79 

time  before  by  members  of  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  who  had  with- 
drawn, they  asserted,  for  just  cause,  from  the  latter  fraternity. 
In  1904,  membership  in  the  sophomore  society  of  Theta  Nu  Ep- 
silon was  prohibited.  The  names  of  Kappa  Sigmas  may  be 
found  in  all  other  famous  inter-class  local  and  professional  fra- 
ternities. 

A  Kappa  Sigma,  Dean  Charles  W.  Burkett  of  N.  C.  A.  and  M., 
founded  the  technical  fraternity  Alpha  Zeta.  Another  Kappa 
Sigma,  Powell  C.  Fauntleroy,  of  the  U.  S.  Navy,  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  Pi  Mu,  the  first  medical  fraternity  of  Southern 
origin.  One  of  the  founders  of  Chi  Omega,  a  prosperous  national 
sorority  of  Southern  origin,  was  Dr.  Charles  Richardson,  of 
Arkansas. 

The  following  is  the  Chapter  roll  of  Kappa  Sigma.  For  more 
detailed  references  to  it,  see  Appendix  B.  In  order  there  are 
date  of  foundation,  name  of  Chapter,  name  of  university,  date 
of  inactivity  and  number  of  initiates  to  July  1,  1906. 

1869.  Zeta,  University  of  Virginia 165 

1871.  Beta,  University  of  Alabama  68 

1873.  Eta,  Trinity  College  (N.  C.)    118 

1873.  Mu,  Washington  and  Lee  University 90 

1874.  Xi,  Virginia  Military  Institute  (1883)    23 

1874.  Nu,  Virginia  Polytechnic  Institute  (1889)   91 

1874.  Omicron,  Emory  and  Henry  College  ( 1895)   138 

1874.  Alpha-Alpha,  University  of  Maryland  100 

1875.  Alpha-Beta,  Mercer  University   93 

1877.  Kappa,  Vanderbilt  University   160 

1880.  Lambda,  University  of  Tennessee 192 

1880.  Alpha  Chi,  Lake  Forest  University   68 

1882.  Alpha  Iota,  Grant  University 43 

1882.  Phi,  Southwestern  Presbyterian  University 116 

1882.  Omega,  University  of  the  South 175 

1883.  Pi,  University  of  West  Virginia  (1887)   17 

1883.  Upsilon,  Hampden-Sidney  College 94 

1884.  Tau,  University  of  Texas  205 

1885.  Rho,  North  Georgia  Agricultural  College  (1891) 32 

1885.  Chi,  Purdue  University 166 

1885.  Delta,  Maryland  Military  and  Naval  Academy  (1887)  31 

1885.  Epsilon,  Centenary  College   ( 1904) 84 

1886.  Psi,  University  of  Maine 180 

1886.  Sigma,  Ohio  Northern  University  ( 1888)   23 

6 


80  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

1886.  Iota,  Southwestern  University 145 

1887.  Gamma,  Louisiana  State  University  139 

1887.  Alpha,  Emory  College  ( 1891 )  24 

1887.  Beta-Theta,  Indiana  University  71 

1887.  Theta,  Cumberland  University 123 

1888.  Beta,  Thatcher  Institute  ( 1891 )   17 

1888.  Pi,  Swarthmore  College 91 

1888.  Eta,  Randolph  Macon  College  67 

1889.  Sigma,  Tulane  University 106 

1890.  Nu,  William  and  Mary  College 117 

1890.  Chi  Omega,  South  Carolina  University  (1897)   28 

1890.  Xi,  University  of  Arkansas   150 

1890.  Delta,  Davidson  College 97 

1891.  Beta,  University  of  Indianapolis   11 

1891.  Alpha-Gamma,  University  of  Illinois 159 

1892.  Alpha-Delta,  Pennsylvania  State  College 121 

1892.  Alpha-Epsilon,  University  of  Pennsylvania in 

1892.  Alpha-Zeta,  University  of  Michigan  147 

1892.  Alpha-Eta,  George  Washington  University 132 

1892.  Alpha-Theta,  Southwestern  Baptist  University 116 

1892.  Alpha- Kappa,  Cornell  University   143 

1893.  Alpha-Lambda,  University  of  Vermont  128 

1893.  Alpha-Mu,  University  of  North  Carolina 33 

1894.  Alpha-Nu,  Wofford  College  67 

1894.  Alpha-Xi,  Bethel  College   ( 1902)    45 

1894.  Alpha-Omicron,  Kentucky  University  (1901)   50 

1895.  Alpha- Pi,  Wabash  College   70 

1895.  Alpha-Rho,  Bowdoin  College  99 

1895.  Alpha-Sigma,  Ohio  State  University 101 

1895.  Alpha-Tau,  Georgia  School  of  Technology 84 

1895.  Alpha-Upsilon,  Millsaps  College   109 

1896.  Alpha- Phi,  Bucknell  University 7^ 

1897.  Alpha-Psi,  University  of  Nebraska   104 

1897.  Alpha-Omega,  William  Jewell  College 60 

1898.  Beta- Alpha,  Brown  University 83 

1898.  Beta-Beta,  Richmond  College 43 

1898.  Beta-Gamma,  Missouri  State  University  77 

1898.  Beta-Delta,  Washington  and  Jefferson  College 52 

1898.  Beta-Epsilon,  University  of  Wisconsin   88 

1899.  Beta-Zeta,    Stanford   University    59 

1900.  Beta-Eta,  Alabama  Polytechnic  Institute 59 

1900.  Beta-Iota,  Lehigh  University  49 

1901.  Beta- Kappa,  New  Hampshire  College 90 

1 90 1.  Beta-Lambda,  University  of  Georgia 38 

1901.  Beta-Mu,  University  of  Minnesota 61 


EXTENSION  OF  THE  FRATERNITY  81 

1901.  Beta-Nu,  Kentucky  State  College  40 

1901.  Beta-Xi,  University  of  California 48 

1902.  Beta-Omicron,  University  of  Denver  40 

1902.  Beta-Pi,  Dickinson  College  45 

1902.  Beta-Sigma,  Washington  University  (Mo.)  32 

1902.  Beta-Rho,  University  of  Iowa 58 

1903.  Beta-Tau,  Baker  University 49 

1903.  Beta-Upsilon,  North  Carolina  A.  and  M.  College 42 

1903.  Beta-Phi,  Case  School  of  Applied  Science 41 

1903.  Beta-Chi,  Missouri  School  of  Mines 29 

1903.  Beta-Psi,  University  of  Washington 32 

1904.  Beta-Omega,  Colorado  College    28 

1904.  Gamma-Alpha,  University  of  Oregon 28 

1904.  Gamma-Beta,  University  of  Chicago 26 

1904.  Gamma-Gamma,  Colorado  School  of  Mines  29 

1904.  Gamma-Delta,  Massachusetts  State  College 101 

1905.  Gamma-Zeta,  New  York  University 15 

1905.  Gamma-Epsilon,  Dartmouth  College 32 

3905.  Gamma- Eta,  Harvard  University    29 

1905.  Gamma-Theta,  University  of  Idaho 29 

1906.  Gamma-Iota,  Syracuse  University 18 

1906.  Gamma-Kappa,  University  of  Oklahoma 12 

Number  of  active  Chapters,  76;  inactive  Chapters,  15;  number 
of  initiates,  7155. 


82 


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While  Kappa  Sigma  is  proud  of  her  sons  who  are  distinguished 
in  the  country's  intellectual,  political  and  material  life,  of  her  Chap- 
ter roll  of  famous  institutions,  of  her  enthusiastic  graduate  clubs, 
yet  she  has  always  emphasized  the  fraternal  harmony  and  fellow- 
ship, and  high  ideals,  that  mark  a  Kappa  Sigma  brother,  wherever 
you  may  find  one,  throughout  life,  until  death.  While  some  fra- 
ternities count  their  disloyal  members  by  dozens  and  even  by 
Chapters,  Kappa  Sigma  has  had  but  a  few  isolated  cases  where  an 
undergraduate  left  the  Fraternity  to  join  another.  These  sep- 
arate cases  occurred  a  number  of  years  ago  in  the  North,  while 
the  Fraternity  was  young. 

Thus,  this  congenial  society  of  scholars  and  gentlemen  do  not 
allow  their  fraternal  associations  to  die  when  they  leave  their 
universities.  Good-fellowship,  and  not  scholastic  pedantry  alone, 
was  emphasized  by  the  American  founders.  There  are  Alumni 
Clubs  all  over  the  country  where  dinners  and  dances  keep  up  a 
delightful  friendship.  Toasts  to  Kappa  Sigma  have  been  heard 
at  dinner  at  all  the  famous  resorts  from  the  Palace  Hotel  in  San 
Francisco  to  the  Waldorf-Astoria  in  New  York  and  from  the 
Auditorium  in  Chicago  to  the  St.  Charles  in  New  Orleans.  Many 
of  these  events  are  becoming  traditional,  such  as  the  ''Norfolk 
Fish  Fry,"  the  "Dutch  Treat"  at  Denver,  the  "French  Dinner"  at 
San  Francisco,  the  "Round  Table"  at  Washington,  the  "Thanks- 
giving Dinner"  at  Kansas  City,  the  "New  England  Initiation 
Dinner"  at  Boston,  the  "New  York  Annual,"  the  "Philadelphia 
Dinner,"  the  "Big  Chicago  Dinner,"  the  "Danville  New  Year's 
Dinner,"  and  many  more.  In  many  of  the  leading  cities — St. 
Louis,  Los  Angeles,  Seattle,  New  York,  Chicago,  Salt  Lake,  New 
Orleans,    San    Francisco,    Washington,    Denver,    Boston,    Pitts- 


86 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


burgh  and  possibly  others — it  is  customary  for  Kappa  Sigmas  to 
meet  once  a  week  for  lunch  in  some  selected  restaurant  in  the 
center  of  the  business  district. 

There  are  now  Alumni  Chapters  at 


Atlanta 
Birmingham 
Boston 
Buffalo 
Chattanooga 
Chicago 
Concord 
Covington 
Danville,  111. 
Danville,  Va. 
Denver 
Durham 
Fort  Smith 
Indianapolis 
Ithaca 

Jackson,    Miss. 
Jackson,  Tenn. 
Kansas  City 
Kinston 
Little  Rock 
Los  Angeles 
Louisville 
Lynchburg 
Memphis 


Milwaukee 

Mobile 

Montgomery 

Nashville 

New  Orleans 

New  York 

Norfolk 

Philadelphia 

Pine  Bluff 

Pittsburg 

Portland 

Richmond 

Ruston 

St.  Louis 

Salt  Lake  City 

San  Francisco 

Savannah 

Seattle 

Texarkana 

Vicksburg 

Waco 

Washington 

Wilmington 

Yazoo  City 


The  alumni  spirit  once  caused  an  Alumni  Chapter  to  be  formed 
without  the  confines  of  the  United  States,  at  Chihuahua,  Mexico, 
the  first  foreign  alumni  chapter  of  any  fraternity.  At  one  time 
there  were  state  associations  of  the  Chapters  and  alumni  of  Ten- 
nessee, Louisiana,  Texas  and  Virginia,  but  these  were  abandoned 
when  the  District  system  was  adopted.  A  club-house,  the  first 
of  its  kind  at  Washington,  D.  C,  was  supported  by  the  alumni 
of  that  city  during  1902  and  1903.  It  was  successful,  but  was 
temporarily  given  up  in  order  that  a  club  building  more  central- 


THE  ALUMNI  87 

ly  located  in  the  club  district  might  be  obtained,  a  task  almost  im- 
possible. The  University  of  Maryland  house  is  used  with  and 
supported  jointly  by  the  alumni  of  Baltimore  as  a  club-house  for 
the  latter.  The  New  York  alumni  are  now  forming  a  corporation 
to  acquire  and  furnish  a  club-house ;  such  New  York  clubs  have 


KAPPA  SIGMA   HOUSE,    MARYLAND 


been  successful  with  at  least  two  fraternities.     Boston  alumni 
are  considering  a  similar  scheme. 

The  accompanying  map  shows  the  number  of  Kappa  Sigmas  in 
each  state  and  also  every  town  where  a  Kappa  Sigma  may  be  lo- 
cated.    No  one  section  can  claim  a  monopoly  of  them.     Notice 


88  THE  KAPPA  SIQMA  BOOK 

how  Pennsylvania  and  Texas  balance  each  other,  or  New  York 
and  Mississippi,  or  Illinois  and  Georgia. 

Membership  in  the  Fraternity  is  restricted.  No  one  may  be 
initiated  unless  he  be  a  member  of  the  college  where  there  is  a 
Chapter.  In  one  case,  the  general  Fraternity  conferred  honorary 
membership,  and  thereby  honored  itself,  upon  Jefferson  Davis, 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  FRATERNITY 

'/  /fjf// ///J  ///T///V ■  f/f// y/r/f 

f^/if/4  /y//  /■/ ■■/■A:/  <y  yy*f .  /<^//vv///y 

.    '/jtf„n/y/„j  ,/„y  ,/ 


FORM   OF  KAPPA  SIGMA   MEMBERSHIP  CERTIFICATE 


president  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America.  The  President's 
son,  Jefferson  Davis,  Jr.,  was  a  member  at  Virginia  Military 
Institute.  The  president  and  his  family  have  always  had  a  pe- 
culiarly tender  affection  for  the  Fraternity.  To  both  Mrs.  Davis 
and  Miss  Winnie  Davis,  the  general  Fraternity  has  presented 
badges,  and  Mrs.  Davis  was  never  seen  without  her  Kappa  Sigma 
insignia.  Miss  Davis'  badge  was  thought  to  be  the  most  beauti- 
ful Greek  letter  fraternity  badge  ever  produced.     However,  the 


JEFFERSON  DAVIS 

Kappa  Sigma's  Only  Honorary  M;mber 


90 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


society  is  as  much  Northern  as  it  is  Southern.  The  same  Grand 
Conclave  which  sent  the  badge  to  Mrs.  Davis  also  sent  one  to 
Mrs.  Grant,  widow  of  the  President,  whose  favorite  grandson. 
Capt.  Algernon  E.  U.  Sartoris,  is  a  Kappa  Sigma.  A  number 
of  other  scions  of  the  White  House  are  members. 

A  complete  list  of  the  names  of  prominent  alumni  would  be 
tiresome.  Kappa  Sigmas  are  to  be  found  in  all  places  where  the 
prizes  of  American  life  are  being  won.  There  are  men  of  national 
and  international  proportions  in  Wall  Street,  the  Army  and  Navy, 
in  Congress,  as  heads  of  large  corporations,  college  presidents,  re- 


Hill    II8H 

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v  ■      t 
9  *   \ 

A  GROUP  OF  "OLD  GRADS"  RETURNED  TO  A  KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE 

formers,  railroad  officials,  State  officers,  editors  of  magazines 
and  newspapers,  and  with  world-wide  reputations  as  captains 
of  industry,  lawyers,  physicians  and  litterateurs.  Kappa  Sigma, 
so  thoroughly  American,  views  with  a  special  pride  its  record  in 
the  Spanish- American  war,  wherein,  according  to  the  publications 
of  other  fraternities,  it  had  a  larger  percentage  of  men  engaged 
in  proportion  to  its  membership  than  any  other  Greek  letter  or- 
ganization. There  were  Kappa  Sigmas  from  privates  to  general 
officers.  True  to  its  ancient  literary  origin  in  Europe,  members 
of  the  Order  established  the  first  English  newspaper  in  the  Phil- 
ippines and  the  first  all-English  newspaper  in  Cuba. 


THE        GOVERNMENT 

The  Fraternity  was  first  governed  by  Zeta,  or  the  mother  Chap- 
ter, at  the  University  of  Virginia.  In  July,  1876,  a  Grand  Con- 
clave was  called  at  the  old  Eutaw  House,  Baltimore.  Here 
was  instituted  the  Supreme  Executive  Committee,  a  body  of 
legislative,  judicial,  and  executive  powers.  Greater  authority 
was  added  to  it  by  the  Richmond,  Virginia,  Conclave,  in  October, 
1878.  During  a  period  in  1884,  the  Committee  was  relieved  of 
much  purely  secretarial  work  when  Omega  Chapter,  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  the  South  attended  to  much  detail  as  a  grand  Chapter. 
But  from  1878  to  the  present  there  has  been  a  government  not 
precisely  similar  to  that  of  any  other  college  fraternity.  Many 
have  a  central  body  similar  to  the  Supreme  Executive  Committee. 
Following  what  is  known  as  the  "Masonic  tradition" — for  Mason- 
ry makes  its  officers  supreme — hardly  any  other  society  leaves  that 
governing  body  so  free  to  act  for  the  best  interests  of  the  Fra- 
ternity in  all  things  which  may  come  up  for  consideration  be- 
tween regular  Conclaves.  The  Fraternity,  as  a  whole,  responds 
promptly  and  cheerfully  to  the  direction  of  the  S.  E.  C.  In  fact, 
this  body  has  wielded  more  influence  and  attained  better  results 
in  several  instances  in  the  government  of  students  than  college 
presidents.  The  Fraternity  has  come  into  closer  contact  with  col- 
lege faculties  than  any  other,  for  once  a  year  the  S.  E.  C.  inquires 
directly  of  the  college  authorities  concerning  the  scholarship  and 
general  record  of  the  members  of  each  Chapter,  acting  upon  the 
replies  as  may  be  needed. 

Difficulties  with  faculties  over  opposition  to  fraternities  are 
almost  things  of  the  past.  For  years  at  Emory  and  Henry,  there 
was  an  unceasing  war.     Such  was  the  case  at  Virginia  Polytech- 


92 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


nic  Institute.  At  the  latter,  General  Lomax  and  President  Davis, 
of  the  Confederacy,  were  brought  into  the  discussion.  The  Fra- 
ternity faced  the  obnoxious  regulations  at  the  opening  of  Vander- 
bilt,  for  the  first  year  maintaining  one  of  the  most  successful 
sub  rosa  chapters  ever  in  existence — as  did  Phi  Delta  Theta  at 
a  slightly  later  period — but  finally  succumbed.  Anti-fraternity 
laws  coupled  with  the  rigid  military  discipline  at  the  "West  Point 
of  the  South,"  the  Virginia  Military  Institute,  killed  the  Chapter. 


THE   EUTAW  HOUSE,   BALTIMORE 
Where  the  First  Grand  Conclave  was  held,  1876 


For  the  first  two  years  at  Lake  Forest,  knowledge  of  membership 
meant  expulsion  from  the  college.  There  was  trouble  over  ad- 
mission of  the  Fraternity  to  the  University  of  the  South,  but  the 
influence  of  General  E.  Kirby  Smich  and  President  Jefferson 
Davis,  exerted  in  behalf  of  Kappa  Sigma,  made  the  course  pos- 
sible. The  hardest  fight  ever  made  in  behalf  of  fraternities  in 
American  colleges  has  taken  place  in  Arkansas  where  the  con- 
test has  been  carried,  under  the  leadership  of  the  Arkansas  Chap- 


UNIVERSITY 

^ALIFOR^ 


94 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


ter  and  its  alumni,  into  the  'legislature.     The  result  is  still  in  the 
balance. 

The  records  of  the  various  offices  of  the  Fraternity  are  very 
complete  and  voluminous.  By  the  use  of  blank  forms  for  reports 
to  and  from  the  Chapters,  they  have  been  highly  systematized 
and  brought  up  to  the  latest  methods.  It  has  been  the  policy  of 
the  Fraternity  to  train  certain  of  the  officers  of  the  S.  E.  C.  as 
specialists,  and  these  have  held  their  positions  for  years.     Even 


BUSINESS  OFFICE  OF    KAPPA   SIGMA,   DANVILLE,   VIRGINIA 


with  their  complete  knowledge  of  the  Fraternity's  workings,  they 
are  compelled  to  devote  almost  half  their  time  to  it — practically 
a  labor  of  love  with  them. 

The  members  of  the  Supreme  Executive  Committee  are  a 
Worthy  Grand  Master,  a  Worthy  Grand  Procurator,  a  Worthy 
Grand  Master  of  Ceremonies,  a  Worthy  Grand  Scribe  and  a 
Worthy  Grand  Treasurer.  The  other  national  officers  are  a 
songbook  editor,  a  catalogue  editor,  a  historian  and  an  alumni 
secretary. 


REV.   FINIS  KING  FARR,   D.D.,  W.G.M.  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


HON.  JOHN  RANDOLPH  NEAL,  W.G.P.  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


JEREMIAH  SWEETSER  FERGUSON,  M.D.,  W.G.M.C.  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


HERBERT  MILTON  MARTIN,   ESQ.,  W.G.S.  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


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MAJOR  STANLEY  WATKINS  MARTIN,  W.G.T.  OF  KAPPA  SIGMA 


100 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


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THE  GOVERNMENT 


lol 


For  purposes  of  administration,  the  Fraternity  is  divided  into 
fourteen  Districts.  The  geographical  limits  of  these  are  shown 
on  accompanying  maps.  At  the  head  of  each  is  a  District  Grand 
Master.  He  personally  oversees  the  Chapters,  resulting  in  the 
complete  unification  and  understanding  among  them,  and  keep- 
ing the  work  of  each  individual  Chapter  up  to  the  standard. 
He  is  also  expected  to  know,  and  to  keep  in  touch  with  every 
alumnus  residing  in  his  District. 

While  the  greater  part  of  the  government  is  delegated  to  the 


THE   "CHICAGO  SPECIAL"    EN    ROUTE   TO  A   GRAND  CONCLAVE 


Supreme  Executive  Committee,  still  the  ultimate  and  highest 
authority  in  the  Fraternity  is  the  Grand  Conclave.  The  Con- 
claves' legislation  in  the  past  has  been  intended  to  hamper  as 
little  as  possible  the  powers  of  the  S.  E.  C.  Conclaves  have  been 
held  as  follows:  Baltimore,  Md.,  1876;  Richmond,  Ya.,  1878; 
Abingdon,  Ya.,  1880;  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  1883;  Lynchburg,  Va., 
1885;  Nashville,  Tenn.,  1887;  Atlanta,  Ga.,  1888;  Baltimore,  Md., 
1890;  Washington,  D.  C,  1892;  Richmond,  Va.,  1894;  Indianap- 
olis,  Ind.,    1896;  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,   1898;   Philadelphia,   Pa., 


;  KAPPAS 

(APPA  SIGMA 

'KAPPASIGMA 

Ijf-.  -j — -L 
/  KAPPA  SIGM/l 


1  i  KAPPK8\g*k 


KAPPASIGMA  :■- 


.KAPPA  SIGMA 


KAPPAS1GHA 


THE  GOVERNMENT 


103 


1900;  New  Orleans,  La.,  1902;  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1904;  Lookout 
.Mountain,  Tenn.,  1906.  These  meetings  are  usually  held  at  some 
popular  hotel  or  resort.  They  have  grown  into  large  concourses 
with  hundreds  of  the  silver-grays  and  undergraduates,  with  their 
wives  and  sweethearts,  arriving  on  special  trains  and  cars  from 
all  over  the  country.  The  St.  Louis  (  1904)  Conclave  during  the 
World's   Fair  was  one  of  the  largest  meetings  of  Greek-  letter 


KAPPA  SIGMA   HOUSE,  CHICAGO 

The  G.  Ms  Room 

Library 
Freshmen  at  Work 


men  ever  assembled.  The  last  (1906)  Conclave  was  held  at 
Lookout  Mountain,  Tenn.,  and  the  next  (190S)  Conclave  will 
probably  be  held  at  Put-in- Bay,  Ohio.  Detailed  accounts  and 
minutes  of  all  the  Conclaves  may  be  found  in  the  Caduceus,  the 
Star  and  Crescent,  and  various  printed  reports. 

There  are  also  District  Conclaves,  usually  held  annually  in  each 
District.     They  are  informal  gatherings  for  fraternal  intercourse 


THE  GOVERNMENT 


105 


and  for  general  discussion  of  anything  of  imoortance.  but  not 

Arms  of  the  Fraternity. — At  the  last  moment  it  was  found 
advisable  to  hold  back  the  coat-of-arms  from  the  engraver, 
pending  the  adoption  of  certain  suggestions  for  its  perfection 
in  correctness  and  adaptability.  Purchasers  of  this  book  will 
be  supplied  with  the  official  design  when  engraved. 

May,  1907. 


THE  "FIVE  O'CLOCK  CLUB"   AT  A  GRAND  CONCLAVE 

tive  arms.     The  colors  of  the  Fraternity  are  scarlet,  white  and 
emerald  green.    The  Fraternity  flower  is  the  lily-of-the-valley. 

No  other  fraternity  pays  more  attention  to  visitation  of  alumni 
chapters,  for  a  feature  of  the  organization  of  which  much  is  made 
consists  in  keeping  the  alumni  in  touch  with  one  another.  This 
visiting  is  done  principally  by  members  of  the  S.  E.  C.  and  D. 
G.  M's.  The  number  of  alumni  meetings  in  Kappa  Sigma  is 
frequently  remarked. 


•  F  THE 

IIVERST 

OF 

,£aliforn£, 


THE  GOVERN. V1ENT 


105 


and  for  general  discussion  of  anything  of  importance,  but  not 
for  legislation.  Many  of  the  alumni,  and  the  undergraduates 
for  the  most  part  en  masse,  attend  them,  and  although  not  an  old 
institution  in  the  Fraternity,  they  have  been  successful. 

The  arms  of  the  Fraternity,  displayed  in  the  frontispiece,  are.: 
Gules  and  vert,  on  a  chevron  argent  five  estoiles  of  the  first. 
Crest:  on  a  wreath  of  its  colors  a  dexter  cubit  arm  proper  hold- 
ing a  caduceus  erect  or.    Individual  Chapters  may  adopt  distinc- 


THE   "FIVE  O'CLOCK  CLUB''    AT  A   GRAND   CONCLAVE 

tive  arms.     The  colors  of  the  Fraternity  are  scarlet,  white  and 
emerald  green.    The  Fraternity  flower  is  the  lily-of-the-valley. 

No  other  fraternity  pays  more  attention  to  visitation  of  alumni 
chapters,  for  a  feature  of  the  organization  of  which  much  is  made 
consists  in  keeping  the  alumni  in  touch  with  one  another.  This 
visiting  is  done  principally  by  members  of  the  S.  E.  C.  and  D. 
G.  M's.  The  number  of  alumni  meetings  in  Kappa  Sigma  is 
frequently  remarked. 


UNIVERSITY 

OF 


HOMES      OF      KAPPA      SIGMA 


The  Fraternity  has  always  insisted  upon  chapter  houses  when 
possible.  In  1870,  the  house  occupied  at  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia was  one  of  the  first  fraternity  houses  in  the  country  and  the 
first  fraternity  house  in  the  South.  In  1882,  the  house  occupied 
by  the  Chapter  at  the  University  of  the  South  was  among  the 
first  houses  owned  and  occupied  in  that  section.  In  1883,  at  the 
Knoxville  Conclave,  Kappa  Sigma  made  the  first  attempt  to 
control  the  building  of  houses,  by  the  national  organization  of  a 
fraternity.  This  was  a  failure,  and  it  has  since  been  the  policy 
to  place  responsibility  on  the  individual  Chapters.  In  1895,  Kap- 
pa Sigma  erected  a  house  at  Maine,  the  Fraternity's  first  Northern 
chapter  house  to  be  owned  and  the  first  fraternity  house  in  the 
state  of  Maine.  The  three  fraternities  now  having  the  largest 
number  of  homes  are  Beta  Theta  Pi,  Phi  Delta  Theta,  and  Kappa 
Sigma. 

It  is  but  a  matter  of  time  before  all  Chapters,  where  there 
are  no  restrictions  by  college  authorities,  even  if  houses  are  not 
the  vogue,  will  be  compelled  by  their  general  organizations  to 
possess  a  home.  At  present  there  are  Kappa  Sigma  houses  at 
the  following  institutions:  Maine,  Bowdoin,  Xew  Hampshire. 
Massachusetts  State,  Harvard,  Cornell,  Syracuse,  Pennsylvania 
State,  Pennsylvania,  Lehigh,  Maryland,  George  Washington, 
William  and  Mary,  Wofford,  Vanderbilt,  University  of  the  South, 
Ohio  State,  Case,  Washington  and  Jefferson,  Michigan,  Purdue. 
Indiana,  Illinois,  Lake  Forest,  Chicago,  Wisconsin,  Minnesota. 
Iowa,  Nebraska,  William  Jewell.  Missouri  State,  Missouri  Mines, 
Baker,  Arkansas,  Oklahoma,  Millsaps,  Louisiana  State,  Texas, 
Colorado,    Colorado   Mines,    Stanford,    California,    Washington. 


108 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


Oregon,  Idaho.    Some  Chapters  occupy  whole  sections  of  college 
dormitories. 

Some  of  the  houses  are  noted  in  the  fraternity  world.  That 
at  one  Eastern  institution  has  been  described  as  "the  best  planned 
at  Cornell" ;  that  at  Texas,  "the  best  house  owned  in  the  South" ; 
that  at  Iowa,  "the  most  elegant  house  in  the  Middle  West" ;  that 
at  Stanford  "the  finest  house  on  the  Pacific  Coast."  Some  of 
them  have  been  historic.  One  recently  occupied  by  the  Maryland 
Chapter  was  the  Baltimore  home  of  General  Robert  E.  Lee.  The 
one  now  occupied  at  Missouri  Mines  was  the  headquarters  of  the 


KAPPA   SIGMA    HOUSE,   CORNELL 


Army  of  the  Missouri  during  the  civil  war.  The  Harvard  house 
at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  the  William  and  Mary  at  Williamsburg, 
the  ancient  capital  of  Virginia,  both  stand  on  historic  ground. 
At  the  California  and  Colorado  houses,  in  the  midst  of  the  two 
American  playgrounds,  many  alumni  visit,  making  these  Kappa 
Sigma  seats  their  headquarters.  More  or  less  all  the  houses  in 
the  large  centers  are  on  many  occasions  utilized  for  this  purpose. 
The  Virginia  Chapter  and  the  remainder  of  the  Fraternity  have 
collected  funds  for  a  house  for  the  mother  Chapter  as  a  memorial, 
to  be  known  as  "McCormick  Hall." 


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a 

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X 

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THE        PUBLICATIONS 


The  publications  of  the  Fraternity  are  extensive.  From  the  lit- 
tle pamphlet  struck  off  on  a  press  of  the  Virginia  Polytechnic 
Institute  by  Dr.  C.  E.  Wingo  and  William  Freneau  Page,  they 
have  grown  to  the  point  where  the  periodical  literature  alone  is 
over  a  thousand  pages  annually,  probably  a  larger  amount  than 
of  any  other  fraternity.  Believing  that  a  wide  acquaintance  among 
its  members  is  one  of  its  sources  of  strength,  the  organization 
fosters  all  efforts  of  this  kind.  The  most  important  publication 
of  any  Greek  letter  society  is  its  magazine ;  in  the  case  of  Kappa 
Sigma  known  as  The  Caduceus. 

Previous  to  1878,  there  had  been  several  spasmodic  attempts 
by  various  fraternities  to  found  magazines,  but  with  two  excep- 
tions, these  were  unsuccessful  and  but  a  few  numbers  were  is- 
sued. The  period  from  1878  to  1885  saw  productions  of  this  kind 
placed  on  a  sound  basis,  although  most  of  those  established  by  the 
New  England  fraternities  have  since  failed.  At  first,  it  was 
argued  that  Kappa  Sigma  was  of  too  secret  a  nature  for  an  open 
publication.  However,  the  Lynchburg  Conclave  of  1885  author- 
ized the  issuance  of  the  Kappa  Sigma  Quarterly.  Brought  up  in 
the  cultivated  and  literary  home  of  his  father,  General  Terry  of 
the  Confederacy,  Frank  Hanson  Terry,  now  a  newspaper  man 
of  Wytheville,  Va.,  was  elected  the  first  editor.  In  1887,  Ed.  L. 
Sutton,  now  managing  editor  of  the  Semi-Weekly  Atlanta  Journal. 
became  editor,  and  continued  as  such  till  the  Baltimore  Conclave 
of  1890.  This  convention  made  the  magazine  a  bi-monthly,  and 
changed  its  name  to  The  Star  and  Crescent,  rechristened  be- 
fore issue  The  Caduceus  of  Kappa  Sigma.  During  1891,  Duncan 
Martin,  now  of  the  Memphis  bar,  was  editor.   From  1892  to  1895. 


112 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


the  brilliant  but  erring  George  William  Warner  was  editor.  J. 
Harry  Covington,  of  the  Maryland  bar,  was  editor  from  1895 
to  1905.  During  1905  and  until  June,  1906,  Professor  Finis  King 
Farr,  of  Cumberland,  was  in  charge.  The  last  and  present  edi- 
tor is  Guy  T.  Viskniskki,  of  the  McClure  News  Syndicate. 

The  Caduceus  is  now  in  its  twenty-first  volume.  It  has  never 
less  than  176  pages  in  each  of  its  five  issues  for  the  year.  At 
least  forty  pages  are  given  to  alumni  notes.     Due  notice  is  taken 


KAPPA   SIGMA  HOUSE,   IDAHO 


of  all  important  college  and  fraternity  matters,  the  interests  of 
Kappa  Sigma  receiving  the  most  attention.  Illustrations  are 
abundantly  used,  the  five  numbers  of  1905- 1906  containing  two 
hundred  and  forty  half-tones.  It  has  been  pronounced  the  peer 
of  any  magazine  ever  issued  from  the  Greek  press.  It  is  also 
among  those  claiming  the  honor  of  the  largest  circulation. 

The  first  Catalogue  of  the  Fraternity  was  prepared  in  1881 
by  S.  A.  Jackson.  Another  edition  by  Brother  Jackson  appeared 
in  1886.    In  1897  was  published  a  Directory  of  Kappa  Sigma,  by 


THE  PUBLICATIONS 


113 


George  Vaughan,  now  of  the  Arkansas  bar.  For  a  number  of 
years  a  history  and  catalogue,  complete  in  every  detail,  was  in 
course  of  collection  by  this  gentleman.  Had  this  catalogue  been 
published,  it  would  have  been  in  some  respects  one  of  the  most 
complete  ever  issued  by  a  college  fraternity.  Kappa  Sigma  began 
at  a  very  early  date  after  her  origin  to  collect  the  "college  honors" 
of  her  membership,  which  honors  are  lacking  for  early  members 


KAI'PA  SIGMA   HOUSE,  TEXAS 


in  most  fraternity  catalogues.  All  of  these  records  were  com- 
pletely destroyed  by  fire  at  Little  Rock,  Ark.  The  accident  was 
peculiarly  unfortunate.  In  1904  a  pocket  Address  Book  was  pub- 
lished under  the  direction  of  David  F.  Hoy,  registrar  of  Cornell 
University  and  now  Catalogue  Editor  of  the  Fraternity. 

In  1906  Brother  Hoy  issued  a  second  and  enlarged  edition  of 
the  Address  Book.     He  has  collected  complete  data  for  another 


114 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


catalogue,  which  will  contain  some  new  features  in  fraternity 
cataloguing,  and  which  will  be  published  at  the  will  of  the  Su- 
preme Executive  Committee. 

The  blanks  for  this  catalogue  contained  the  following 
questions :  Full  name  without  initials ;  Chapter ;  permanent 
address ;  occupation ;  date  of  initiation ;  date  of  birth ;  place 
of  birth ;  full  name  and  address  of  father ;  full  maiden  name  and 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE,  SYRACUSE 


address  of  mother ;  full  maiden  name  of  wife ;  full  name  and 
address  of  wife's  father ;  date  and  place  of  marriage ;  full  names 
in  order  of  birth  and  addresses  of  all  children ;  names  of  prepara- 
tory schools  and  dates  of  attendance ;  names  of  colleges  and  dates 
of  attendance ;  degrees  received — colleges  and  dates ;  member- 
ship in  college  fraternities  and  societies ;  college  honors,  prizes, 
scholarships,  athletics,  etc. ;  membership  in  learned,  fraternal,  and 
other  non-college  societies ;  list  of  books  and  articles  published ; 


THE  PUBLICATIONS 


US 


political  positions  and  places  of  trust  which  have  been  held;  ref- 
erence to  any  publication  containing  biographical  or  genealogical 
information ;  names  and  addresses  of  all  Kappa  Sigma  relatives ; 
name  and  address  of  personal  friend  who  will  always  know  ad- 
dress ;  remarks ;  signature  ;  business  address  ;  temporary  address  ; 
residence  address ;  date  of  information. 

( )ther  printed  literature  is  becoming  so  extensive  it  is  difficult 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE,   ARKANSAS 


to  keep  up  with  it.  The  Fraternity,  like  four  others,  issues  a 
secret  bulletin  in  addition  to  its  regular  magazine.  This  is  The 
Star  and  Crescent,  which  appears  quarterly.  It  contains  reports 
of  officers,  and  other  official  communications  to  the  Fraternity, 
items  of  fraternity  news  of  such  a  nature  that  their  publication 
in  The  Caduceus  would  be  improper,  and  in  general  all  such 
things  as  concern  the  inner  workings  of  the  Fraternity.  A 
unique  publication  is  The  Secret  Book  of  Kappa  Sigma.    It  gives. 


1 16  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

from  a  Kappa  Sigma  standpoint,  of  course,  the  "standing"  or 
"rating"  of  all  fraternities  and  of  the  chapters  of  each  fraternity 
in  Kappa  Sigma  colleges.  Reports  of  Chapters  and  circular  re- 
ports of  various  offices  of  the  Fraternity  are  voluminous.  The 
Yellow  Journal  is  issued  from  the  office  of  the  Worthy  Grand 
Master,  and  circulates  onh  among  the  national  officers.  All 
Chapters  are  required  at  least  annually,  to  send  out  a  letter  to 
their  alumni,  most  of  these  letters  being  printed.  The  Boston 
Alumni  have  published  an  address  book  of  the  alumni  of  New 
England.     There  are  other  locality   directories  published  under 


KAPPA   SIGMA  HOUSE,   NEBRASKA 


different  auspices  for  states  and  cities.  The  Cumberland,  Maine, 
North  Georgia,  Maryland  Military  and  Naval,  Wofford  and 
Massachusetts  Chapters  have  issued  annuals.  The  Chapters  at 
the  University  of  the  South,  Centenary,  and  Vermont  have  writ- 
ten histories.  The  Illinois,  Swarthmore,  Wabash,  Purdue  and 
Massachusetts  Chapters  have  issued  catalogues.  The  general 
Fraternity  has  had  printed  Kappa  Sigma  calendars.  In  1896 
the  Bowdoin  Chapter  issued  a  small  songbook.  A  songbook 
was  published  by  the  Fraternity  in  1902.  Another  is  in  process 
of  collection.  There  are  a  number  of  pamphlets  containing  Kappa 
Sigma  songs  and  poems.     There  are  three  editions  of  the  ritual 


THE  PUBLICATIONS 


117 


and  five  editions  of  the  Constitution.    Many  reports  of  Conclaves 
have  been  printed  under  separate  covers. 

Kappa  Sigma  has  been  very  fortunate  in  the  preservation  of 
its  history.  This  has  been  chiefly  due  to  the  fact  that  it  was  but 
twelve  years  between  the  time  the  third  Chapter  was  established, 
the  records  of  the  second  Chapter  having  been  lost,  and  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  Fraternity's  magazine.    Also  the  early  documents, 


KAPPA  SIGMA   HOUSE,  WASHINGTON   AND  JEFFERSON 


so  frequently  missing  in  many  fraternities,  were  all  collected  and 
preserved  at  an  early  date.  The  events  in  the  Fraternity's  his- 
tory, previous  to  the  existence  of  the  magazine,  which  have  not 
been  covered  by  historical  articles  in  the  Quarterly,  Caduceus,  Star 
and  Crescent,  and  catalogues,  are  preserved  in  the  recently  pub- 
lished Early  Letters  and  Papers  of  Kappa  Sigma,  compiled  by 
Boutwell  Dunlap,  now  historian  of  the  Fraternity.  Freshmen 
are  examined  upon  the  Fraternity's  history. 


OTHER        FRATERNITIES 

Some  years  ago  it  was  customary  to  classify  fraternities  on  a 
basis  of  their  origin,  into  Eastern  or  Northern,  Southern  and 
Western.  They  are  now  usually  classified  as  either  national  or 
sectional.  "The  national  fraternities  include  those  generally 
represented  in  all  sections  of  the  country.  Of  these  Beta  Theta 
Pi,  Phi  Delta  Theta,  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  Sigma  Chi,  Kappa 
Sigma,  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  and  Phi  Gamma  Delta  are  prominent 
types.  The  sectional  fraternities  are  Eastern  and  Southern.  The 
Eastern  group  consists  of  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  Delta  Phi  Theta, 
Delta  Chi,  Sigma  Phi,  Psi  Upsilon,  Kappa  Alpha  (Northern) 
and  Delta  Psi.  The  Southern  group  includes  Kappa  Alpha 
(Southern  order),  and  Pi  Kappa  Alpha.  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon 
and  Chi  Psi,  originating  in  the  Eastern  States,  have  what  might 
be  termed  a  limited  national  development.  Alpha  Tau  Omega, 
Kappa  Sigma,  Sigma  Nu  and  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  originally 
distinctively  Southern,  have  completely  lost  that  character.  Zeta 
Psi  and  Chi  Psi  are  difficult  to  classify."  (Baird's  Manual  of 
American  College  Fraternities,  Sixth  edition.)  The  sectional 
fraternities  were  once  more  important  than  they  now  are.  In 
most  cases  they  have  few  petitions  for  charters  and  seldom  es- 
tablish new  chapters.  They  have  failed  to  take  advantage  of  the 
larger  new  institutions,  maintaining  many  chapters  in  unimpor- 
tant colleges.  Their  conventions  are  attended  by  a  small  number 
of  members.  Lacking  in  alumni  clubs,  they  hold  but  few  meet- 
ings in  the  large  centers,  and  these  seldom  attract  any  attention. 
The  fraternities  are  not  a  living  reality  to  their  alumni  and  the 
alumnus'  active  connection  is  soon  lost.  Their  literature  is  con- 
fined to  catalogues,  which  quickly  grow  out  of  date,  and  they 
publish  no  magazines.     The  funds  and  membership  are  not  suf- 


120 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


ficient  to  carry  on  the  enterprises  of  the  national  orders.  As 
fraternities  they  attract  little  attention.  Collegians  prefer  the 
national  fraternities,  says  a  recent  writer  of  authority  upon  the 
subject. 

The  parent  stem  of  the  Greek  letter  college  fraternity  was 
Phi  Beta  Kappa,  established  at  William  and  Mary  in  1776.6  It 
was  extended  to  Yale  (1780),  Harvard  (1781),  Dartmouth 
(1787),  and  Union  (1817).    Modeled  after  Phi  Beta  Kappa  was 


■ 

"■'     -     .       *.i 

1 

Jlx> 

.J 

1  -      hhh 

-  Hi  H^h  ir*n 

M   i(|L     ' Mfc-'-  •' 

^«jg. T-^" 

^_^_^r..       7^1 

:*,**,<*+ 

KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE,  WOFFORD 


the  Kappa  Alpha  Society,  the  first  Greek  letter  society  in  the  pres- 
ent sense  of  the  word,  founded  in  1825,  to  which  ascent  can  be 
traced  all  the  American  college  fraternities.  Owing  to  the  anti- 
Masonic  outbreak  in  1831,  upon  the  advice  of  John  Quincy 
Adams,   Edward   Everett,   and  others,   the  secrets   of   Phi   Beta 


c  The  best  account  of  the  origin  of  Phi  Beta  Kappa  may  be  found  in 
"The  Original  Records  of  the  Phi  Beta  Kappa  Society,  1776-1781,"  by 
L.  G.  Tyler,  K.  S.,  William  and  Mary  Quarterly  Historical  Magazine, 
April,   1896. 


©F   THE 

UNIVERSITY 

or 


OTHER  FRATERNITIES 


121 


Kappa  were  made  public,  since  which  time  it  has  been  an  honor- 
ary organization. 

The  general  men's  fraternities  are :  " 

.  Ilpha  Chi  Rho.  Founded  at  Trinity  College,  Hartford,  Conn., 
in  1895.  Chapters,  7;  active,  6;  inactive,  1.  Number  of  initiates, 
258.     Publishes  the  Garnet  and  White.     No  catalogue. 

Alpha  Delta  Phi.  Founded  at  Hamilton  College,  Clinton,  N. 
Y.,  in  1832.     Chapters,  31;  active,  24;  inactive,  7.     Number  of 


KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE,  COLORADO  COLLEGE 

initiates,  9,406.     Publishes  no  magazine.     Last  catalogue  in  1899. 

Alpha  Tan  Omega.  Founded  at  Virginia  Military  Institute, 
Lexington,  Va.,  in  1865.  Chapters,  82;  active,  51;  inactive,  31. 
Number  of  initiates,  6,486.  Publishes  the  Palm.  Last  catalogue 
in  1903. 

Beta  Theta  Pi.    Founded  at  Miami  University,  Oxford,  Ohio, 


7  These   statistics   are   taken   from   the   sixth    (1905)    edition  of  Baird's 

Manual  of  American  College  Fraternities. 


122 


THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


in  1839.  Chapters,  88;  active,  67;  inactive,  21.  Number  of 
initiates,  14,046.  Publishes  the  Beta  Theta  Pi.  Last  catalogue 
in  1899. 

Chi  Phi.  Resulted  from  a  union  in  1874  of  the  Northern  Order 
of  Chi  Phi  and  the  Southern  Order  of  Chi  Phi.  The  Northern 
order  of  Chi  Phi,  resulted  from  the  union  in  1867  °f 
Chi  Phi,  founded  at  Princeton  University,  Princeton,  N.  J., 
in  1854,  with  Chi  Phi,  founded  at  Hobart  College,  Geneva, 
N.  Y.,  in  i860.     The  Southern  Order  of  Chi  Phi  was  founded  at 


KAPPA  SIGMA  HOUSE,   MAINE 


the  University  of  North  Carolina,  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C,  in  1858. 
Chapters,  46 ;  active,  20 ;  inactive,  26.  Number  of  initiates,  4,422. 
No  magazine.     Last  catalogue  in  1890. 

Chi  Psi.  Founded  at  Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in 
1841.  Chapters,  29;  active,  18;  inactive,  11.  Number  of  initiates, 
4,459.  Publishes  a  sub-rosa  magazine,  the  Purple  and  Gold. 
Last  catalogue  in  1902. 

Delta  Kappa  Epsilon.  Founded  at  Yale  College,  New  Haven, 
Conn.,  in  1844.  Chapters,  54;  active,  41;  inactive,  13.  Number 
of  initiates,  15,000.  Publishes  the  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon  Quar- 
terly..   Last  catalogue  in  1900. 


OTHER  FRATERNITIES 


123 


Delta  Phi.  Founded  at  Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in 
1827.  Chapters,  16;  active,  11  ;  inactive,  5.  Number  of  initiates, 
3,341.     No  magazine.     Last  catalogue  in   1897. 

Delta  Psi.  Founded  at  Columbia  College,  New  York  City,  in 
1847.  Chapters,  19;  active,  8;  inactive,  11.  Number  of  initiates, 
2,989.     No  magazine.     Last  catalogue  in  1898. 

Delta  Tau  Delta.  Founded  at  Bethany  College,  Bethany,  W. 
Va.,  in  1859.    Chapters,  75  ;  active,  47 ;  inactive,  28.     Number  of 


KAPPA   SIGMA   HOUSE,   NEW  HAMPSHIRE 


initiates,  7,486.  Publishes  the  Rainbow.  Last  catalogue  in  1897 
(with  supplement  in   1902). 

Delta  Upsilon  (Non-secret).  Founded  at  Williams  College, 
Williamstown,  Mass.,  in  1834  (or  as  claimed  by  some  authorities, 
founded  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  in  1847).  Chapters,  41 ;  active,  36;  in- 
active, 5.  Number  of  initiates,  9,169.  Publishes  the  Delta  Up- 
silon Quarterly.    Last  catalogue  in  1903. 

Kappa  Alpha  (Northern).  Founded  at  Union  College,  Schen- 
ectady, N.  Y.,  in  1825.  Chapters,  9;  active,  7;  inactive,  2.  Num- 
ber of  initiates,  1,666.    No  magazine.     Last  catalogue  in  1902. 

Kappa  Alpha  (Southern).     Founded  at  Washington  and  Lee 


124  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

University,  Lexington,  Va.,  in  1865.  Chapters,  60;  active,  49; 
inactive,  II.  Number  of  initiates,  6,146.  Publishes  the  Kappa 
Alpha  Journal.    Last  catalogue  in  1901. 

Kappa  Sigma.  Founded  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  Char- 
lottesville, Va.,  in  1869.  Chapters,  91;  active,  76;  inactive,  15. 
Number  of  initiates,  7155  (statistics  of  1906).  Publishes  the 
Caduceus  and  the  secret  Star  and  Crescent.  Last  catalogue  in 
1906. 

Phi  Delta  Theta.  Founded  at  Miami  University,  Oxford,  Ohio, 
itiates,  13,161.  Publishes  the  Scroll  of  Phi  Delta  Theta  and  the 
secret  Palladium.    Last  catalogue  in  1907. 

Phi  Gamma  Delta.  Founded  at  Jefferson  College,  Canonsburg. 
Pa.,  in  1848.  Chapters,  81 ;  active,  57 ;  inactive,  24.  Number  of 
in  1848.  Chapters,  95 ;  active,  69 ;  inactive,  26.  Number  of  in- 
initiates,  9,979.  Publishes  the  Phi  Gamma  Delta.  Last  catalogue 
in  1898. 

Phi  Kappa  Psi.  Founded  at  Jefferson  College,  Canonsburg, 
Pa.,  in  1852.  Chapters,  63;  active,  42;  inactive,  21.  Number  of 
initiates,  9,806.     Publishes  the  Shield.     Last  catalogue  in   1902. 

Phi  Kappa  Sigma.  Founded  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1850.  Chapters,  41 ;  active,  24;  inactive,  17. 
Number  of  initiates,  3,122.  Publishes  the  sub-rosa  Phi  Kappa 
Sigma  News  Letter.    Last  catalogue  in  1905. 

Phi  Sigma  Kappa.  Founded  at  Massachusetts  State  College, 
Amherst,  Mass.,  in  1873.  Chapters,  19;  active,  19;  inactive,  o; 
Number  of  initiates,  1,551.  Publishes  the  sub-rosa  Signet.  Last 
catalogue  in  1902. 

Pi  Kappa  Alpha.  Founded  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  Char- 
lottesville, Va.,  in  1868.  Chapters,  33;  active,  29;  inactive,  4. 
Number  of  initiates,  2,427.  Publishes  the  Shield  and  Diamond 
and  the  secret  Dagger  and  Key.    Last  catalogue  in  1891. 

Psi  Upsilon.  Founded  at  Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y., 
in  1833.  Chapters,  23;  active,  22;  inactive,  1.  Number  of  in- 
itiates, 10,428.     No  magazine.     Last  catalogue  in  1902. 

Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon.  Founded  at  the  University  of  Alabama, 
University,  Ala.,  in  1856.  Chapters,  94;  active,  66;  inactive,  28. 
Number  of  initiates,  9,383.  Publishes  the  Record  and  the  secret 
Phi  Alpha.    Last  catalogue  in  1904. 


OTHER  FRATERNITIES  125 

Sigma  Chi.  Founded  at  Miami  University,  Oxford,  Ohio,  in 
1855.  Chapters,  j6;  active,  53 ;  inactive,  23.  Number  of  initiates, 
8,358.  Publishes  the  Sigma  Chi  Quarterly  and  the  secret  Bulletin. 
Last  catalogue  in  1902. 

Sigma  Nu.  Founded  at  the  Virginia  Military  Institute,  Lexing- 
ton, Va.,  in  1869.  Chapters,  69;  active,  54;  inactive,  15.  Number 
of  initiates,  5,357.    Publishes  the  Delta.    Last  catalogue  in  1902. 

Sigma  Phi.  Founded  at  Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y., 
in  1827.  Chapters,  10;  active,  8;  inactive,  2.  Number  of  initiates, 
2,685.     No  magazine.    Last  catalogue  in  1892. 

Sigma  Phi  Epsilon.  Founded  at  Richmond  College,  Richmond, 
Va.,  in  1901.  Chapters,  14;  active,  13;  inactive,  1.  Number  of 
initiates,  248.  Publishes  the  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon  Journal.  No 
catalogue. 

Theta  Chi.  Founded  at  Norwich  University,  Northfield,  Vt, 
in  1856.  Chapters,  2;  active,  2;  inactive,  o.  Number  of  initiates, 
341.    No  magazine.    No  catalogue. 

Theta  Delta  Chi.  Founded  at  Union  College,  Schenectady, 
N.  Y.,  in  1848.  Chapters,  41 ;  active,  24;  inactive,  17.  Number  of 
initiates,  5,141.    Publishes  the  Shield.    Last  catalogue  in  1901. 

Zeta  Psi.  Founded  at  the  University  of  the  City  of  New  York, 
New  York  City,  in  1847.  Chapters,  32 ;  active,  22 ;  inactive,  10. 
Number  of  initiates,  5,924.    Last  catalogue  in  1899. 

The  general  sororities  for  women,  with  college  and  date  of 
foundation,  are  Alpha  Chi  Omega  (De  Pauw,  1885),  Alpha  Omi- 
cron  Pi  (Barnard,  1897),  Alpha  Phi  (Syracuse,  1872),  Alpha 
Xi  Delta  (Lombard,  1902),  Beta  Sigma  Omicron  (Missouri, 
1888),  Chi  Omega  (Arkansas,  1895),  Delta  Delta  Delta  (Boston, 
1888),  Delta  Gamma  (Mississippi,  1872),  Delta  Sigma  (Tufts, 
1895),  Gamma  Phi  Beta  (Syracuse,  1874),  Kappa  Alpha  Theta 
(De  Pauw,  1870),  Kappa  Delta  (Virginia  State  Female  Normal, 
1897),  Kappa  Kappa  Gamma  (Monmouth,  1870),  Pi  Beta  Phi 
(Monmouth,  1867),  Sigma  Kappa  (Colby,  1874),  Sigma  Sigma 
Sigma  (Virginia  State  Normal,  1898),  Zeta  Tau  Alpha  (Vir- 
ginia State  Normal,  1898). 

The  professional  fraternities,  with  college  and  date  of  founda- 
tion are:     Alpha  Chi  Gamma  (women-musical),  Ottawa,  Ohio. 


126  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

1899;  Alpha  Epsilon  Iota  (women-medical),  Michigan,  1890; 
Alpha  Kappa  Kappa  (medical-regular),  Dartmouth,  1888;  Alpha 
Kappa  Phi  (law),  Northwestern,  1902;  Alpha  Mu  Pi  Omega 
(medical-regular),  Pennsylvania,  1891 ;  Alpha  Omega  Delta 
(medical-regular),  Buffalo,  1879;  Alpha  Zeta  (agricultural-tech- 
nical), Ohio  State,  1897;  Beta  Mu  Delta  (biology),  Syracuse. 
1903;  Beta  Phi  Sigma  (pharmacy),  Buffalo,  1889;  Chi  Zeta  Chi 
(medical-regular),  Georgia,  1903;  Delta  Chi  (law),  Cornell, 
1890;  Delta  Sigma  Delta  (dental),  Michigan,  1883;  Epsilon  Tau 
(women-homeopathic),  Boston,  1896;  Eta  Pi  Alpha  (theologi- 
cal), St.  Lawrence,  1891  ;  Gamma  Eta  Alpha  (law,  Maine,  1901 ; 
Kappa  Delta  Epsilon  (women-musical),  Allegheny,  1899;  Nu 
Sigma  Nu  (medical-regular),  Michigan,  1882;  Omega  Psi 
(women-'medical),  Northwestern,  1894;  Omega  Upsilon  Phi 
(medical-regular),  Buffalo,  1895;  Phi  Alpha  Delta  (law),  Kent 
college  of  law,  1897;  Phi  Alpha  Gamma  (medical-homeopathic), 
New  York  Homeopathic  Medical  College,  1894;  Phi  Alpha  Sigma 
(medical-regular),  Bellevue,  1886;  Phi  Beta  Pi  (medical-regular) 
West  Pennsylvania  Medical  College,  1891 ;  Phi  Chi  (pharmacy), 
Michigan,  1883;  Phi  Chi  (medical-regular),  Vermont,  1886,  and 
Louisville  Medical  College,  1894;  Phi  Delta  (medical-regular), 
Long  Island  Hospital  Medical  College,  1901 ;  Phi  Delta  Phi 
(law),  Michigan,  1869;  Phi  Mu  Epsilon  (women-musical), 
De  Pauw,  1892;  Phi  Rho  Sigma  (medical-regular),  Northwest- 
ern, 1890;  Pi  Lambda  Sigma  (women-library  economy),  Syra- 
cuse, 1903;  Pi  Mu  (medical-regular),  Virginia,  1892;  Psi  Omega 
(dental),  Baltimore  College  of  Dental  Surgery,  1892;  O.  T.  V. 
(agricultural-scientific),  Massachusetts  State  College,  1869;  Sig- 
ma Alpha  Iota  (women-musical),  Michigan,  1903;  Sigma  Rho 
Alpha  (architecture),  Syracuse,  1902;  Theta  Lambda  Phi  (law), 
Dickenson,  1903;  Theta  Xi  (engineering-scientific),  Rensselaer 
Polytechnic,  1864;  Xi  Psi  Phi  (dental),  Michigan,  1889;  Zeta 
Phi   (women-medical),  Syracuse,  1900. 

The  inactive  general  fraternities,  with  college  and  date  of 
foundation,  are:  Alpha  Gamma  (Cumberland,  1867),  Alpha 
Kappa  Phi  (Center,  1858),  Alpha  Sigma  Chi  (Rutgers  and  Cor- 
nell, 1871),  Delta  Beta  Phi  (Cornell,  1878),  Delta  Epsilon  (Ro- 
anoke, 1862),  Iota  Alpha  Kappa   (Union,  1858),  Kappa  Alpha 


OTHER  FRATERNITIES  127 

(North  Carolina,  1859),  Kappa  Phi  Lambda  (Jefferson,  1862), 
Kappa  Sigma  Kappa  (Virginia  Military  Institute,  1867),  Mys- 
tical Seven  (Wesleyan,  1837),  Mu  Pi  Lambda  (Washington  and 
Lee,  1895),  Phi  Alpha  (College  of  City  of  New  York,  1878),  Phi 
Alpha  Chi  (Randolph-Macon,  1883),  Phi  Kappa  Alpha  (Brown, 
1870),  Phi  Phi  Phi  (Austin,  1894),  Pi  Kappa  Tau  (Iowa,  1895), 
Phi  Delta  Kappa  (Washington  and  Jefferson,  1874),  Phi  Mu 
Omicron  (South  Carolina,  1858),  Phi  Sigma  (Lombard,  1857), 
Psi  Theta  Psi  (Washington  and  Lee,  1885),  Sigma  Alpha  (Ro- 
anoke, 1859),  Sigma  Alpha  Theta,  Sigma  Delta  Pi  (Dartmouth, 
1858),  Upsilon  Beta  (Pennsylvania  College,  1863),  W.  W.  W. 
or  Rainbow  (Mississippi,  1849),  Zeta  Phi  (Missouri,  1870). 

Although  not  in  all  respects  satisfactory,  the  best  general 
sketch  of  fraternities  is  the  sixth  edition  of  William  Raimond 
Baird's  American  College  Fraternities.  The  following  fraternities 
have  published  manuals  or  histories :  Psi  Upsilon,  Phi  Delta 
Theta,  Beta  Theta  Pi,  Theta  Delta  Chi,  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  Sigma 
Alpha  Epsilon,  and  Kappa  Sigma.  There  is  historical  matter, 
principally  devoted  to  chapter  histories  and  ranging  from  a  para- 
graph to  several  pages  on  a  chapter,  in  the  catalogues  of  Alpha 
Delta  Phi,  Chi  Phi,  Chi  Psi,  Delta  Upsilon,  Kappa  Alpha  (North- 
ern Order),  Kappa  Alpha  (Southern  Order),  Kappa  Sigma,  Phi 
Kappa  Sigma,  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  Sigma  Chi,  Sigma  Nu,  Sig- 
ma Phi  and  Zeta  Psi.  Other  important  historical  sources  are  the 
magazines — published  by  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  Beta  Theta  Pi, 
Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  Delta  Tau  Delta,  Delta  Upsilon,  Kappa 
Alpha  (Southern  Order),  Kappa  Sigma,  Phi  Delta  Theta,  Phi 
Gamma  Delta,  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon,  Sigma  Chi,  Sigma  Nu,  and  Theta  Delta  Chi.  The  best 
defense  of  fraternities  is  a  collection  of  views  upon  the  subject 
by  forty-eight  college  presidents  under  the  title,  The  American 
College  Fraternity,  edited  by  W.  A.  Crawford,  K.  S.  The  most 
complete  bibliography  of  fraternities  is  contained  in  W.  B.  Palm- 
er's History  of  Phi  Delta  Theta. 


128  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 


Familiar  tongues  that  faintly  call, 

Remembered  songs  of  days  gone  by, 
Dim  echoes,  they  too  softly  fall 

On  ears  that  hunger  for  reply; 
For  memory  wakes  and  love  makes  cry 

In  tones  of  greeting  and  of  praise, 
"To  you  I  drain  the  health-cup  dry, 

Old  comrades  of  my  college  days." 

Whate'er  your  emblems,  hail  to  all ! 

Because  ye  loved  them  so  shall  I ; 
'Tis  sweet  each  old  friend  to  recall ; 

The  Shield  and  Diamond,  Sigma  Chi, 
D.  U.,  Phi  Gam,  and  every  Phi 

I  loved;  ye,  Theta  Delts,  K.  A's, 
And  Dekes — greeting  to  all  I  cry, 

Old  comrades  of  my  college  days. 

Good  cheer  and  blessing  to  ye  all, 

Old  friends  of  days  that  shall  not  die : 
Like  sunbeams  dancing  on  the  wall 

May  all  the  happy  moments  fly. 
Companions  still,  may  ye  and  I, 

Though  straying  far  on  several  ways, 
Remember  well  the  days  gone  by, 

Old  comrades  of  my  college  days. 


But,  Brothers,  as  the  seasons  fly, 

While  bright  the  Star  and  Crescent  blaze, 
Still  closer  grows  our  nearer  tie, 

Old  comrades  of  my  college  days. 

James  S.  Wilson   (Nu). 


APPENDIX  A 

FRATERNITIES  IN  KAPPA  SIGMA  COLLEGES 

Alabama  Polytechnic  Institute,  Auburn,  Ala. — Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon,  1878;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1879;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1879; 
Kappa  Alpha,  1883;  Sigma  Nu,  1890;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1895; 
Kappa  Sigma,  1900. 

Alabama,  University  of,  University,  Ala. — Delta  Kappa  Ep- 
silon, 1847;  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1851-58;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1855; 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1856;  Kappa  Sigma,  1871  ;  Sigma  Nu, 
1874;  Sigma  Chi,  1876-77;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1877;  Alpha  Tau 
Omega,  1885 ;  Kappa  Alpha,  1885 ;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1903. 

Arkansas,  University  of,  Fayetteville,  Ark. — Alpha  Tau  Ome- 
ga, 1882-82;  Kappa  Sigma,  1890;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1894; 
Kappa  Alpha,  1895;  Sigma  Nu,  1904;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1904; 
Sigma  Chi,  1905. 

Baker  University,  Baldwin,  Kan. — Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1865-68 ; 
Kappa  Sigma,  1903 ;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1903. 

Botvdoin  College,  Brunswick,  Me. — Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1841 ; 
Psi  Upsilon,  1843;  Chi  Psi,  1844-46;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1844; 
Theta  Delta  Chi,  1854;  Delta  Upsilon,  1857;  Zeta  Psi,  1868;  Kap- 
pa Sigma,  1895  ;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1900. 

Brown  University,  Providence,  R.  I. — Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1836; 
Delta  Phi,  1838;  Psi  Upsilon,  1840;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1847;  Delta 
Kappa  Epsilon,  1850;  Delta  Psi,  1852-53;  Zeta  Psi,  1852;  Theta 
Delta  Chi,  1853;  Chi  Psi,  1860-71 ;  Delta  Upsilon,  i860;  Chi  Phi. 
1872-95;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1889;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1894;  Delta 
Tau  Delta,  1896;  Kappa  Sigma,  1898;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1902; 
Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1902 ;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa,  1906. 

Bucknell  University,  Lewisburg,  Pa. — Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1855 ; 
Sigma  Chi,  1864;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1866-73;  Phi  Gamma  Delta, 
1882;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1893;  Kappa  Sigma,  1896. 

California,  University  of,  Berkeley,  Cal. — Zeta  Psi,  1870;  Phi 
Delta  Theta,  1873 ;  Chi  Phi,  1875 ;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1876 ; 
Beta  Theta  Pi,  1879;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1881  :  Sigma  Chi,  1886; 


APPENDIX  A  131 

Sigma  Nu,  1892;  Chi  Psi,  1894;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1894; 
Kappa  Alpha,  1895;  Delta  Upsilon,  1896;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1900; 
Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1900;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1900;  Kappa  Sigma, 
1901  ;  Psi  Upsilon,  1902 ;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1903. 

Case  School  of  Applied  Science,  Cleveland,  O. — Zeta  Psi,  1885  ; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1896 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1903 ;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1905  ; 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1905 ;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1906. 

Centenary  College,  Jackson,  La. — Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1855-61 ; 
Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1857-62;  Chi  Phi,  1858-61  ;  Kappa  Sigma, 
1885-04;  Kappa  Alpha,  1891-04;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1902-04. 

Chicago,  University  of,  Chicago,  111. — Zeta  Psi,  1864-87;  Phi 
Kappa  Psi,  1865 ;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1865 ;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1868 
Psi  Upsilon,  1869;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1870;  Sigma  Nu,  1895 
Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1896;  Sigma  Chi,  1897;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1898 
Chi  Psi,  1899;  Delta  Upsilon,  1901  ;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1902 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1903;  Kappa  Sigma,  1904;  Alpha  Tau 
Omega,  1904;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1905;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1906. 

Colorado  College,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo. — Kappa  Sigma, 
1904 ;  Sigma  Chi,  1905  ; 

Colorado  State  School  of  Mines,  Golden,  Colo. —  Sigma  Nu, 
1901 ;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1903 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1904. 

Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.  Y. — Chi  Phi,  1868;  Kappa  Al- 
pha, 1868;  Chi  Psi,  1869;  Zeta  Psi,  1869;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1869; 
Delta  Upsilon,  1869;  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1869;  Delta  Kappa  Epsi- 
lon, 1870;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1870'  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1872;  Beta 
Theta  Pi,  1874;  Psi  Upsilon,  1876;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1887; 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1888;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa,  1889;  Delta  Tau 
Delta,  1890;  Sigma  Chi,  1890;  Sigma  Phi,  1890;  Delta  Phi,  189 1  : 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1891  ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1892;  Sigma  Nu, 
1901. 

Cumberland  University,  Lebanon,  Tenn. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  1854- 
99;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1857-73;  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1857-61; 
Delta  Psi,  1858-61 ;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1859-61  ;  Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon,  i860;  Phi  Kappa,  Psi.  1860-79;  Chi  Phi,  1861-61 ;  Al- 
pha Tau  Omega,  1868-02;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1869-78;  Sigma 
Chi,  1872-80;  Kappa  Sigma,  1887;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1892. 

Dartmouth  College,  Hanover,  N.  H. — Psi  Upsilon,  1842;  Alpha 
Delta  Phi,  1846;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon.  1853;  Zeta  Psi,  1855-74. 


132  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Theta  Delta  Chi,  1869;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1884;  Beta  Theta  Pi, 
1889;  Sigma  Chi,  1893;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1896;  Phi  Gamma  Delta. 
1901 ;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1901 ;  Chi  Phi,  1902 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1905 

Davidson  College,  Davidson,  N.  C. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  1858;  Chi 
Phi,  1859-69;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1869;  Kappa  Alpha,  1880;  Sigma 
Alpha  Epsilon,   1883;  Kappa  Sigma,  1890. 

Denver,  University  of,  Denver,  Colo. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  188S; 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1891 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1902. 

Dickinson  College,  Carlisle,  Pa. — Zeta  Psi,  1853-55  >  Pm  Kappa 
Sigma.  1854;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1859;  Sigma  Chi,  1859;  Theta 
Delta  Chi,  1861-96;  Chi  Phi,  1869-92;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1874;  Phi 
Delta  Theta,  1880;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1890;  Kappa  Sigma. 
1902,  Alpha  Chi  Rho,  1905. 

Emory  College,  Oxford,  Ga. — Kappa  Alpha,  1869;  Chi  Phi, 
1869;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1871 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1881 ;  Sigma 
Alpha  Epsilon,  1881 ;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1882 ;  Sigma  Nil,  1884 ; 
Kappa  Sigma,  1887-91. 

Emory  and  Henry  College,  Emory,  Va. — Phi  Kappa  Sigma, 
1856-61 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1873-95 ;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1884-95  ; 
Kappa  Alpha,  1893-95. 

George  Washington  University  (until  1904  known  as  Colum- 
bian University),  Washington,  D.  C. — Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon. 
1858;  Sigma  Chi,  1864;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1868-99;  Alpha  Tau 
Omega,  1874-88;  Kappa  Sigma,  1892;  Kappa  Alpha,  1894;  Phi 
Sigma  Kappa,  1899;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1903. 

Georgia  School  of  Technology,  Atlanta,  Ga. — Alpha  Tau  Ome- 
ga, 1888;.  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1890;  Kappa  Sigma,  1895;  Sig- 
ma Nu,  1896;  Kappa  Alpha,  1899;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1902;  Chi 
Phi,  1904;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1904;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1904. 

Georgia,  University  of,  Athens,  Ga. — Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon. 
1866;  Chi  Phi,  1867;  Kappa  Alpha,  1868;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1871  : 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1871-91 ;  Sigma  Chi,  1872-75 ;  Sigma  Nu, 
1873;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1878;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1882-99;  Chi 
Psi,  1890;  Kappa  Sigma,  1901. 

Grant  University,  Chattanooga,  Tenn. — Kappa  Sigma,  1882- 
98. 

Hampden-Sidney  College,  Hampden-Sidney,  Va. — Beta  Theta 
Pi,  1850;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1855-00;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1860-61  ; 


APPENDIX  A  133 

Chi  Phi,  1867;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1870-04;  Sigma  Chi,  1872-02: 
Kappa  Sigma,  1883 ;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1885 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega, 
T890-96;  Kappa  Alpha,  1899. 

Harvard  University,  Cambridge,  Mass. — Alpha  Delta  Phi, 
1837;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1843-01;  Delta  Phi,  1845-01;  Psi  Upsilon, 
1850-72;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1851-91 ;  Zeta  Psi,  1852-92; 
Theta  Delta  Chi,  1856;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1865-65;  Delta  Upsi- 
lon, 1880;  Chi  Phi,  1885-87;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1893,  Kappa 
Sigma,  1905. 

Idaho,  University  of,  Moscow,  Idaho. — Kappa  Sigma,  1905. 

Illinois,  University  of,  Urbana,  111. — Delta  Tau,  Delta,  1872 ; 
Sigma  Chi,  1881  ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1891 ;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1892 ; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1893;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1895;  Phi  Gamma 
Delta,  1897;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1899;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1902; 
Sigma  Xu,  1902 ;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1903 ;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1904 ; 
Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1904;  Delta  Upsilon,  1905. 

Indiana  University,  Bloomington,  Ind. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  1845 ; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1849;  Sigma  Chi,  1858;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1869; 
Delta  Tau  Delta,  1870;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1871 ;  Kappa  Sigma, 
1887;  Sigma  Nu,   1892. 

Indianapolis,  University  of,  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  and  Irvington. 
Ind.— Phi  Delta  Theta,  1859;  Sigma  Chi,  1865;  Delta  Tau  Delta, 
1875;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1878-81;  Kappa  Sigma,  1891-93. 

Iowa,  University  of,  Iowa  City,  la. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  1866;  Phi 
Kappa  Psi,  1867-85;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1873-73;  Delta  Tau 
Delta,  1880;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1882;  Sigma  Chi,  1882;  Sigma  Nu, 
1893;  Alpha  Chi  Rho,  1899-02;  Kappa  Sigma,  1902;  Sigma  Al- 
pha Epsilon,  1904. 

Kentucky  State  College,  Lexington,  Ky. — Kappa  Alpha,  1893 ; 
Sigma  Chi,  1893;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1900;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha, 
1901  ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1901 ;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1901 ;  Sigma  Nu, 
1902. 

Kentucky  University,  Lexington,  Ky. — Phi  Gamma  Delta. 
1860-62;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1865-66;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1887;  Kappa 
Alpha,  1891 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1894-1901. 

Lake  Forest  University,  Lake  Forest,  111. — Kappa  Sigma,  1880. 

Lehigh  University,  Bethlehem,  Pa. — Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1870- 
87;  Chi  Phi,  1872;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1874;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1876; 


134  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1882;  Delta  Phi,  1884;  Psi  Upsilon,   1884 
Theta  Delta  Chi,  1884;  Delta  Upsilon,  1885;  Sigma  Xu,   1885 
Sigma  Phi,  1886;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,   1887;  Sigma  Chi,   1887 
Beta  Theta  Pi,  1890;  Chi  Phi,  1893;  Kappa  Alpha,  1894;  Kappa 
Sigma,  1900;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa,  1901. 

Louisiana  State  University,  Baton  Rouge,  La. — Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon,  1867;  Kappa  Alpha,  1885;  Kappa  Sigma,  1887;  Sigma 
Nu,  1887;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1903. 

Maine,  University  of,  Orono,  Me. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  1878;  Kap- 
pa Sigma,  1885 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1891 ;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma, 
1898;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1899;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1901 ;  Sig- 
ma Chi,  1902. 

Maryland  Military  and  Naval  Academy,  Oxford,  Md. — Kappa 
Sigma,   1885-87. 

Maryland,  University  of,  Baltimore,  Md. — Kappa  Sigma,  1873 ; 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1879-83 ;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa,  1897 ;  Phi  Kappa 
Sigma,  1899. 

Massachusetts  State  College,  Amherst,  Mass. — O.  T.  V.,  1869; 
Phi  Sigma  Kappa,  1873 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1904. 

Mercer  University,  Macon,  Ga. — Chi  Phi,  1869-80;  Sigma  Al- 
pha Epsilon,  1870;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1872;  Kappa  Alpha,  1873; 
Kappa  Sigma,  1875;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1880;  Sigma  Nu,  1884. 

Michigan,  University  of,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. — Beta  Theta  Pi, 
1845  I  Chi  Psi,  1845  5  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1846 ;  Delta  Kappa  Epsi- 
lon, 1855;  Delta  Phi,  1855-77;  Zeta  Psi,  1858;  Sigma  Phi,  1858; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1864 ;  Psi  Upsilon,  1865 ;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1871  ; 
Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1876;  Delta  Upsilon,  1876;  Sigma  Chi,  1877;  Chi 
Phi,  1882-85 ;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1885 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1888- 
94;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1889;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1889;  Kappa 
Sigma,  1892 ;  Sigma  Nu,  1902. 

Millsaps  College,  Jackson,  Miss. — Kappa  Alpha,  1893 ;  Kappa 
Sigma,  1895 >  ^  Kappa  Alpha,  1905. 

Minnesota,  University  of,  Minneapolis,  Minn. — Chi  Psi,  1874; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1881 f  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1883;  Sigma  Chi,  1888; 
Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1888;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1889;  Beta  Theta  Pi, 
1890;  Delta  Upsilon,  1890;  Psi  Upsilon,  1891 ;  Theta  Delta  Chi, 
1892  ;  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1892  ;  Zeta  Psi,  1899;  Kappa  Sigma,  1901 ; 


APPENDIX  A  135 

Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1902;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1902;  Sigma  Nil, 
1904. 

Missouri  School  of  Mines,  Rolla,  Mo. — Kappa  Alpha,  1903 ; 
Sigma  Nu,  1903 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1903 ;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1906. 

Missouri,  University  of,  Columbia,  Mo. — Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1869- 
74;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1870;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1884;  Sigma 
Nu,  1886;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1890;  Kappa  Alpha,  1891  ;  Sigma  Chi, 
1896;  Kappa  Sigma,  1898;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1899;  Delta  Tau 
Delta,  1905 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1906. 

Nebraska,  University  of,  Lincoln,  Neb. — Phi  Delta  Theta, 
1875;  Sigma  Chi,  1883;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1888;  Sigma  Alpha  Ep- 
silon, 1893;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1894;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1895;  Alpha 
Tau  Omega,  1897;  Kappa  Sigma,  1897;  Delta  Upsilon,  1898; 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1898. 

New  Hampshire  College,  Durham,  N.  H. — Kappa  Sigma,  1901. 

New  York  University,  New  York,  N.  Y. — Sigma  Phi,  1835- 
48;  Alpha  Delta  Phi,  1835-39;  Psi  Upsilon,  1837;  Delta  Phi, 
1841 ;  Zeta  Psi,  1847;  Delta  Psi,  1847-53;  Delta  Upsilon,  1865; 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1892;  Kappa  Sigma,  1905. 

North  Carolina  A.  and  M.  College,  Raleigh,  N.  C. — Sigma  Nu, 
1895 !  Kappa  Sigma,  1903 ;  Kappa  Alpha,  1903 ;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha, 
1904 ;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1905. 

North  Carolina,  University  of,  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C. — Delta  Kap- 
pa Epsilon,  1851 ;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1851-98;  Beta  Theta  Pi, 
1851 ;  Delta  Psi,  1854-62;  Delta  Phi,  1855-61 ;  Chi  Psi,  1855-61 ; 
Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1856-95;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1857; 
Theta  Delta  Chi,  1857-62;  Zeta  Psi,  1858;  Chi  Phi,  1858-68; 
Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1879;  Kappa  Alpha,  1881 ;  Phi  Delta  Theta, 
1885;  Sigma  Nu,  1888;  Sigma  Chi,  1889-00;  Kappa  Sigma. 
1893 ;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1895  >  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1906. 

North  Georgia  Agricultural  College,  Dahlonega,  Ga. — Sigma 
Alpha  Epsilon,  1879-88;  Sigma  Nu,  1881 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1885- 
91 ;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1900. 

Ohio  Northern  University,  Ada,  Ohio. — Kappa  Sigma,  1886-88; 
Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1905. 

Ohio  State  University,  Columbus,  Ohio. — Phi  Gamma  Delta. 
1878;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1880;  Sigma  Chi,  1882;  Chi  Phi,  1883; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1883;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1885;  Sigma  Nu,  189 1 ; 


136  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1892;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1892;  Delta  Tau 
Delta,  1894;  Kappa  Sigma,  1895;  Delta  Upsilon,  1904. 

Oklahoma,  University  of,  Norman,  Okla. — Kappa  Alpha,  1906 ; 
Kappa  Sigma,  1906. 

Oregon,  University  of,  Eugene,  Ore. — Sigma  Nu,  1900;  Kap- 
pa Sigma,  1904. 

Pennsylvania  State  College,  State  College,  Pa. — Delta  Tau 
Delta,  1872-73;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1888;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1888; 
Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1890;  Sigma  Chi,  1891 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1892; 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1892;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa,  1899;  Phi  Delta 
Theta,  1904. 

Pennsylvania,  University  of,  Philadelphia,  Pa, — Delta  Phi, 
1849;  Zeta  Psi>  l85°;  phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1850;  Delta  Psi,  1854; 
Sigma  Chi,  1875;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1877;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1880; 
Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1881 ;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1881 ;  Chi  Phi, 
1883-85;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1883;  Delta  Upsilon,  1888;  Psi  Upsi- 
lon, 1891 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1892;  Sigma  Nu,  1894;  Alpha  Chi  Rho, 
1896;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1897;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1898;  Phi 
Sigma  Kappa,  1900;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1901 ;  Sigma  Phi 
Epsilon,  1904. 

Purdue  University,  Lafayette,  Ind. — Sigma  Chi,  1875 ;  Kappa 
Sigma,  1885 ;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1893 ;  Sigma  Nu,  1891 ;  Sigma  Al- 
pha Epsilon,  1893 ;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1901 ;  Phi  Gamma  Delta, 
1902 ;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1903 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1904 ;  Phi  Kappa 
Sigma,  1905. 

Randolph-Macon  College,  Ashland,  Va.— Delta  Psi,  1853-61  ; 
Kappa  Alpha,  1869;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1870-82;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma, 
1872;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1873-93;  Sigma  Chi,  1874-01;  Phi  Delta 
Theta,  1874;  Kappa  Sigma,  1888. 

Richmond  College,  Richmond,  Va.— Beta  Theta  Pi,  1870-96; 
Kappa  Alpha,  1870;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1873;  Phi  Delta  Theta, 
1875-95  5  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1878-82 ;  Sigma  Chi,  1880-81 ;  Sig- 
ma Alpha  Epsilon,  1884-87;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1890;  Pi  Kappa 
Alpha,    1891 ;   Kappa   Sigma,    1898;   Sigma   Phi   Epsilon,    1901. 

South  Carolina  College,  Columbia,  S.  C— Delta  Psi,  1850-61 ; 
Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1852-61 ;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1857-93 ;  Chi  Psi, 
1858-97;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1858-61;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1859-61; 
Kappa    Alpha,    1880-97;    Sigma   Alpha    Epsilon,    1882-97;    Phi 


APPENDIX  A  137 

Delta  Theta,  1882-93;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1883-97;  Sigma  Nu, 
1886-97;  Chi  Phi,  1889-97;  Kappa  Sigma,  1890-97;  Pi  Kappa 
Alpha,  1891-97. 

Southzvestern  Baptist  University  {West  Tennessee  College, 
Jackson,  Tenn.,  and  Union  University,  Murfreesboro,  Tenn., 
were  united  to  form  Southzvestern  Baptist  University),  Jackson, 
Tenn. — At  Union  University,  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1851-73;  Sigma 
Alpha  Epsilon,  1857-72;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1860-62;  Alpha 
Tau  Omega,  1867-73.  At  West  Tennessee  College,  Sigma 
Alpha  Epsilon,  1867-70.  At  Southzvestern  Baptist  University, 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1878;  Kappa  Sigma,  1892;  Alpha  Tau 
Omega,  1894. 

Southzvestern  Presbyterian  University,  Clarksville,  Tenn. — Pi 
Kappa  Alpha,  1878;  Kappa  Sigma,  1882;  Alpha  Tau  Omega, 
1882;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1882;  Kappa  Alpha,  1887-1905. 

Southzvestern  University,  Georgetown,  Tex. — Kappa  Alpha, 
1883;  Kappa  Sigma,  1886;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1886;  Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon,  1887-88. 

Stanford  University,  Stanford  University,  Cal. — Zeta  Psi,  1891 ; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1891 ;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1891 ;  Sigma  Nu,  1891 ; 
Sigma  Chi,  1891 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1891-97;  Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon,  1892;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1893;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1894;  Chi 
Psi,  1895;  Kappa  Alpha,  1895;  Delta  Upsilon,  1896;  Kappa  Sig- 
ma, 1899;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1901 ;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1903; 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1903. 

Szvarthmore  College,  Swarthmore,  Pa. — Kappa  Sigma,  1888; 
Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1889;  Delta  Upsilon,  1893;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa, 
1906. 

Syracuse,  University  of,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. — Delta  Kappa  Epsi- 
lon, 1871;  Delta  Upsilon,  1873;  Zeta  Psi,  1875;  Psi  Upsilon, 
1875;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1883;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1887;  Beta  Theta 
Pi,  1889;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1001 ;  Sigma  Chi,  1904;  Sigma  Nu, 
1905 ;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1906 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1906. 

Tennessee,  University  of,  Knoxville,  Tenn. — Alpha  Tau  Ome- 
ga, 1872;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1874;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1879; 
Kappa  Sigma,  1880;  Kappa  Alpha,  1883;  Phi  Gamma  Delta, 
1890. 

Texas,  University  of,  Austin,  Tex. — Kappa  Alpha,  1883;  Phi 


138  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Delta  Theta,  1883;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1883;  Kappa  Sigma,  1884; 
Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1884;  Sigma  Chi,  1885;  Beta  Theta  Pi, 
1886;  Sigma  Nu,  1886;  Chi  Phi,  1892;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1897; 
Delta  Tau  Delta,  1904;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1904. 

Thatcher  Institute,  Shreveport,  La. — Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon, 
1886-88;  Kappa  Sigma,  1888-91. 

Trinity  College,  Durham,  N.  C. — Chi  Phi,  1871-79;  Alpha 
Tau  Omega,  1872;  Kappa  Sigma,  1873;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1878- 
79 ;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1893 ;  Kappa  Alpha,  1901  ;  Pi  Kappa 
Alpha,  1901. 

Tulane  University  of  Louisiana,  New  Orleans,  La. — Phi  Kappa 
Sigma,  1858-61;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1878;  Kappa  Alpha,  1882; 
Sigma  Chi,  1882-84;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1887;  Sigma  Nu,  1888; 
Kappa  Sigma,  1889;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1889;  Phi  Delta  Theta, 
1889;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1897;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1899. 

University  of  the  South,  Sewanee,  Tenn. — Alpha  Tau  Omega, 
1877;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1881  ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1882;  Phi 
Delta  Theta,  1883 ;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1883 ;  Kappa  Alpha,  1883 ; 
Sigma  Nu,  1889-93 ;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1898. 

Vanderbilt  University,  Nashville,  Tenn. — Phi  Delta  Theta, 
1876;  Kappa  Sigma,  1877;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1878;  Kappa 
Alpha,  1883;  Chi  Phi,  1883-99;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1884;  Delta  Tau 
Delta,  1886;  Sigma  Nu,  1886;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1889;  Delta 
Kappa  Epsilon,  1890;  Sigma  Chi,  1891  ;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1894; 
Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1901  ;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1902. 

Vermont,  University  of,  Burlington,  Vt. — Sigma  Phi,  1845 ; 
Delta  Psi,  1850;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1852-57;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1879; 
Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1887 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1893. 

Virginia  Polytechnic  Institute,  Blacksburg,  Va. — Pi  Kappa  Al 
pha,  1873-80;  Kappa  Sigma,  1874-89;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1879-80. 

Virginia  Military  Institute,  Lexington,  Va. — Alpha  Tau  Ome- 
ga, 1865-81;  Kappa  Alpha,  1868-88;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1869-80; 
Sigma  Nu,  1869-88;  Kappa  Sigma,  1874-83;  Sigma  Alpha  Ep- 
silon, 1874;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1878-89;  Sigma  Chi,  1884-85. 

Virginia,  University  of,  Charlottesville,  Va. — Delta  Kappa  Ep- 
silon, 1852;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1853;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1855;  Beta 
Theta  Pi,  1856;  Kappa  Alpha,  (N.  O.),  1857-61;  Sigma  Alpha 
Epsilon,  1857;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1859;  Chi  Phi,  1859;  Chi  Psi, 


APPENDIX  A  139 

1860-70;  Sigma  Chi,  i860;  Delta  Psi,  i860;  Zeta  Psi,  1868;  Pi 
Kappa  Alpha,  1868;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1868;  Kappa  Sigma, 
1869;  Sigma  Nu,  1870;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1875-77;  Kappa 
Alpha  (S.  O.),  1873;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1873;  Delta  Tau  Delta, 
1888. 

Wabash  College,  Crawfordsville,  Ind. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  1846; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1850;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1866;  Phi  Kappa  Psi, 
1870-00;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1872;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1879-82;  Sig- 
ma Chi,  1880-94;  Kappa  Sigma,  1895. 

H/ashington  and  Jefferson  College,  Washington,  Pa. — Beta 
Theta  Pi,  1842;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1848;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1852; 
Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1854;  Sigma  Chi,  1858-69;  Delta  Kappa  Ep- 
silon,  1858-65  ;  Delta  Upsilon,  1858-70;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1858-72: 
Delta  Tau  Delta,  1861 ;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1875;  Alpha  Tau 
Omega,  1882;  Kappa  Sigma,  1898;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1898-06. 

Washington  and  Lee  University,  Lexington,  Va. — Phi  Kappa 
Psi,  1855;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1856-80;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1865; 
Kappa  Alpha,  1865;  Sigma  Chi,  1866;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon, 
1867;  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon,  1867-78;  Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1868; 
Delta  Psi,  1869-88;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1869-74;  Delta  Psi,  1869- 
88;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1869-74;  Chi  Phi,  1872-75;  Kappa  Sigma, 
1873;  Sigma  Nu,  1882;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1887;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha, 
1892;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1893;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1896;  Sigma 
Phi  Epsilon,  1906. 

Washington  University,  St.  Louis,  Mo. — Beta  Theta  Pi,  1869; 
Phi  Delta  Theta,  1891  ;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1892 ;  Kappa  Sig- 
ma, 1902;  Sigma  Chi,  1903;  Sigma  Nu,  1903;  Kappa  Alpha,  1906. 

Washington,  University  of,  Seattle,  Wash. — Sigma  Nu,  1896; 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1900;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1900;  Beta  Theta  Pi, 
1901  ;  Sigma  Chi,  1903 ;  Kappa  Sigma,  1903 ;  Sigma  Alpha  Ep- 
silon, 1906;  Alpha  Tau  Omega,  1906. 

West  Virginia,  University  of,  Morgantown,  W.  Va. — Kappa 
Sigma,  1883-87;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1890;  Phi  Sigma  Kappa,  1891 ; 
Sigma  Chi,  1895;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1896;  Kappa  Alpha,  1897; 
Beta  Theta  Pi,  1900;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1901 ;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon, 
1903;  Sigma  Nu,  1904;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1904. 

William  Jezvell  College,  Liberty,  Mo. — Phi  Gamma  Delta, 
1886;  Kappa  Alpha,  1887;  Sigma  Nu,  1894;  Kappa  Sigma,  1897. 


140  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

William  and  Mary  College,  Williamsburg,  Va. — Theta  Delta 
Chi,  1853;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,  1858-61;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha, 
1871;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1874-77;  Kappa  Alpha,  1890;  Kappa  Sig- 
ma, 1890;  Sigma  Phi  Epsilon,  1904. 

Wisconsin,  University  of,  Madison,  Wis. — Phi  Delta  Theta, 
1857;  Beta  Theta  Pi,  1873;  Phi  Kappa  Psi,  1875;  Chi  Psi,  1878; 
Delta  Upsilon,  1883;  Sigma  Chi,  1884;  Delta  Tau  Delta,  1888; 
Phi  Gamma  Delta,  1893 ;  Theta  Delta  Chi,  1895 ;  Psi  Upsilon, 
1896;  Kappa  Sigma,  1898;  Phi  Kappa  Sigma,  1901 ;  Sigma  Nu, 
1902;  Alpha  Delta  Phi,   1903;  Sigma  Alpha  Epsilon,   1903. 

Wofford  College,  Spartanburg,  S.  C. — Kappa  Alpha,  1869; 
Chi  Psi,  1869;  Chi  Phi,  1871  ;  Phi  Delta  Theta,  1879-84;  Sigma 
Alpha  Epsilon,  1885;  Pi  Kappa  Alpha,  1891 ;  Alpha  Tau  Omega, 
1891-94;  Kappa  Sigma,  1894. 


APPENDIX   B 

THE  CHAPTERS 

In  the  sources  of  the  Fraternity's  history — magazine  articles, 
Conclave  reports,  and  Catalogues — there  are  various  sketches  of 
how  Chapters  came  into  existence,  and  their  subsequent  history. 
The  following  gives  some  condensed  information  upon  each  Chap- 
ter— its  founders,  charter  members,  dates  of  existence,  number  of 
initiates  and  deceased  members : 

Zeta,  parent  chapter.  Established  at  the  University  of  Virginia, 
Charlottesville,  Va.,  on  December  10,  1869.  Founders :  William  Grigs- 
by  McCormick,  George  Miles  Arnold,  Edmund  Law  Rogers,  Frank  Court- 
ney Nicodemus,  and  John  Covert  Boyd.  Total  number  of  initiates,  165; 
deceased  members,  22. 

Beta,  second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University  of 
Alabama,  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  in  1871.  Probably  became  inactive  in  1871 
by  anti-fraternity  legislation;  was  reestablished  on  June  3,  1899.  Sponsor 
at  establishment :  George  Wyatt  Hollingsworth.  Charter  members  :  George 
Wyatt  Hollingsworth  and  others.  Records  lost  or  destroyed.  Sponsor 
at  reestablishment  in  1899:  Nathaniel  Leslie  Carpenter  (Vanderbilt). 
Total  number  of  initiates,  68,  deceased  members,  2. 

Eta  Prime,  third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Trinity  College, 
X.  C.  on  February  28,  1873.  Became  inactive  in  1879  by  anti-fraternity 
legislation;  was  reestablished  on  December  1,  1892.  Sponsor  at  estab- 
lishment: James  H.  Durham  (Virginia).  Charter  members:  Thomas 
Taylor,  Adolphus  Richard  Wortham,  Ned.  H.  Tucker,  Peter  Edmond 
Hines,  George  David  Tysor  and  William  Parker  Mercer.  Sponsors  at 
reestablishment  in  1892:  Herbert  Milton  Martin  (Randolph-Macon), 
Williamson  Wallace  Morris  (Davidson),  and  James  Davidson  McDowell 
(Davidson).     Total  number  of  initiates,    118;   deceased   members,    14. 

Mu,  fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Washington  and  Lee 
University,  Lexington,  Va.,  in  December,  1873.  Became  inactive  in 
1876,  was  reestablished  on  September  10,  1888.  Charter  withdrawn  in 
1900;  was  again  reestablished  on  March  II,  1904,  absorbing  the  local 
chapter  of  Mu  Pi  Lambda.  Sponsor  at  establishment :  Euclid  Lane  John- 
son (Virginia).  Charter  members:  John  Nathaniel  Prather,  William 
Templeton  Durrett,  Griffin  Johnston,  and  Henry  Conyers  Payne.  Spon- 
sor at  reestablishment  in  1888:  James  Taylor  McCaa.  Sponsors  at  re- 
establishment in  1904:  Herbert  Milton  Martin   (Randolph-Macon),  Stan- 


142  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

ley  Watkins  Martin  (Virginia  Polytechnic),  James  David  Johnston 
(Emory  and  Henry),  Robert  Leigh  Owen  (Hampden-Sidney),  Richard 
Cralle  Stokes  (Hampden-Sidney),  George  Washington  Headley,  Jr.,  (Ken- 
tucky State),  Harry  Wall  (Virginia),  James  Archer  Sellman  (Virginia), 
Frederick  Gresham  Pollard  (Richmond),  Sanford  Burnell  Bragg  (Rich- 
mond), Olin  Lecato  McMath  (Randolph-Macon  College),  and  Thomas 
Peachy  Spencer  (William  and  Mary).  Total  number  of  initiates,  90; 
deceased    members,   6. 

Xi,  fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Virginia  Military 
Institute,  Lexington,  Va.,  on  January  3,  1874.  Became  inactive  in  1884 
through  anti-fraternity  laws,  since  which  time  it  has  not  been  re-estab- 
lished. Anti-fraternity  laws  obtain.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  John 
Nathaniel  Prather,  William  Templeton  Durrett,  Griffin  Johnston  and 
Henry  Conyers  Payne,  all  of  Washington  and  Lee.  Charter  members : 
Jefferson  Davis,  Jr.,  Henry  Taylor  Earnest,  John  Ashley  Taylor,  Sterling 
Woodward  Tucker,  Robert  Henry  Watkins,  J.  L.  Butler,  and  Frazor 
Titus  Edmondson.     Total  number  of  initiates,  23;   deceased  members,  9. 

Nu,  sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Virginia  Polytechnic 
Institute,  Blacksburg,  Va.,  on  June  17,  1874.  Became  inactive  in  1889 
by  reason  of  anti-fraternity  laws.  Anti-fraternity  laws  obtain.  Sponsor 
at  establishment:  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia).  Charter  members: 
Adoniram  Judson  Evans,  Robert  Peyton  Bayley,  William  Freneau  Page, 
William  Augustus  Edwards,  Charles  Edward  Wingo,  Harry  Marston 
Smith,  Jr.,  John  William  Cowherd,  Walter  Gardner  Lane,  William  Bache- 
lor Farant,  and  John  Marshall  Warwick.  Total  number  of  initiates,  91; 
deceased  members,  12. 

Omicron,  seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Emory  and 
Henry  College,  Emory,  Va.,  on  June  24,  1874.  Became  inactive  in  1895 
by  reason  of  anti-fraternity  laws.  Anti-fraternity  laws  obtain.  Sponsor 
at  establishment:  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia).  Charter  members: 
Abel  Chapman,  Samuel  P.  Neal,  Robert  Edmondson  Buchanan,  Samuel 
Beattie  Ryburn  Dunn,  Barton  Stone,  Benjamin  Patterson  Sanders,  Rus- 
sell C.  Rose,  and  Edmund  Tracy  Nicholas.  Total  number  of  initiates, 
138;  deceased  members,  24. 

Alpha-Alpha,  eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Maryland,  Baltimore,  Md.,  on  November  28,  1874.  Charter 
withdrawn  in  1875;  was  reestablished  on  December  31,  1890;  became 
inactive  in  1892;  and  was  again  reestablished  on  February  25,  1808. 
Sponsor  at  establishment:  Arthur  Cowton  Heffenger  (Virginia).  Char- 
ter members :  Arthur  Cowton  Heffenger,  William  Baldwin  Beach,  Aaron 
Fenton,  Washington  Clement  Claude,  Joseph  Bucey  Galloway,  Henry 
Davidson  Fry,  William  Greensbury  Goldsborough  Wilson,  Stephen  Olin 
Richey,  and  Thomas  Kelly  Galloway.  Sponsors  at  reestablishment  in  1890 : 
C.  B.  Burke  (Md.  Mil.  and  Nav.),  and  delegates  to  the  Ninth  Biennial  G. 
Convlave.  Sponsors  at  reestablishment  in  1898:  Hamilton  Janney  Coffroth 


APPENDIX  B  143 

clave.  Sponsors  at  reestablishment  in  1898:  Hamilton  Janney  Coffroth 
(Virginia  Military  Institute),  Eldridge  Eakin  Wolff  (Randolph-Macon), 
Oscar  Leslie  Rogers  (Mercer),  Edwin  Curtis  Hamilton  (Emory  and 
Henry),  and  Edward  Roland  Hart  (North  Carolina).  Total  number  of 
initiates,   100;  deceased  members,  5. 

Alpha-Beta,  ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Mercer  Uni- 
versity, Macon,  Ga.,  in  1875.  Became  inactive  in  1879;  was  reestab- 
lished on  September  28,  1891.  Sponsor  at  establishment:  William  Ander- 
son Thomas  (Trinity).  Charter  members:  William  Anderson  Thomas, 
Charles  Hyatt  Richardson,  Charles  Henry  Spurgeon  Jackson,  Chovine 
Clegg  Richardson,  and  Seaborn  W.  Wright.  Sponsors  at  reestablish- 
ment in  1891 :  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia),  Robert  Ernest  Dart 
(North  Georgia),  James  Wesley  Crump  (Sewanee),  Iverson  Louis  Harris 
(Mercer),  and  Francis  William  Hazlehurst  (Maryland  Military  and 
Naval).     Total  number  of  initiates,  93;  deceased  members,  1. 

Kappa,  tenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Vanderbilt  Univer- 
sity, Nashville,  Tenn.,  on  April  13,  1877.  Became  inactive  in  1880  by 
reason  of  anti-fraternity  laws ;  was  re-established  on  January  20,  1885. 
Sponsors  at  establishment:  James  Quinn  Moore  (Emory  and  Henry), 
David  Rankin  Stubblefield  (Emory  and  Henry)  and  Mora  Hammond 
Sharpe  (Emory  and  Henry).  Charter  members:  James  Quinn  Moore. 
David  Rankin  Stubblefield,  Mora  Hammond  Sharpe,  James  Hill  Scaife, 
and  Joseph  Franklin  Dowdy.  Sponsors  at  reestablishment  in  1885 : 
Frank  Goodman  (Tennessee),  Walter  Scott  Ayres  (Emory  and  Henry), 
Henry  Bruce  Buckner  (Sewanee),  Charles  Wiles  Thompson  (Sewanee), 
William  Cozart  Phillips  (Sewanee),  Jesse  Farrell  Sugg  (Tennessee). 
Thomas  Rice  Allen  (Tennessee),  James  Milton  Patterson  (Tennessee), 
and  Hugh  Mott  Dunlop  (Southwestern  Presbyterian).  Total  num- 
ber of  initiates,   160;  deceased  members,   15. 

Lambda,  eleventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University  of 
Tennessee,  Knoxville.  Tenn.,  on  May  II,  1880.  Sponsors  at  establishment: 
Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia),  and  James  Paris  McMillan  (Emory 
and  Henry).  Charter  members:  James  Paris  McMillan,  Richard  McKen- 
ney,  Charles  Floyd  Humes  and  Thomas  Shields  Vaden.  Total  number 
of  initiates,  192;  deceased  members,  24. 

Alpha-Chi,  twelfth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Lake  Forest 
University,  Lake  Forest,  111.,  on  Oct.  23,  1880.  Became  inactive  in  1882 
by  reason  of  anti-fraternity  laws ;  was  reestablished  on  Nov.  25,  1896. 
Local  society  Lambda  Phi  absorbed  in  1806.  Sponsor  at  establishment : 
Alexander  Chalmers  McNeil  (Emory  and  Henry).  Charter  members: 
Alexander  Chalmers  McNeil,  Charles  Alexander  Evans,  John  Dudley  Pope, 
Frederick  Robinson,  Jr..  and  George  Thomson.  Sponsors  at  reestablish- 
ment in  1896:  Alfred  Bolander  Loranz  (Wabash),  Hugh  Miller  (Wabash), 
Charles  Brewster  Randolph  (Cumberland),  and  Robert  Elberon  Dunlop 
(Wabash).  Total  number  of  initiates,  68;  deceased  members,  2. 
10 


144  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Alpha-Iota,  thirteenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Grant  Uni- 
versity, Athens,  Tenn.,  on  Feb.  15,  1882.  Charter  withdrawn  in  1883;  was 
reestablished  on  May  13,  1892  by  absorption  of  the  local  society  the 
"Secret  Fraternity;"  and  again  became  inactive  in  1898  by  the  with- 
drawal of  its  charter.  Anti-fraternity  laws  do  not  obtain.  Sponsor 
at  establishment:  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia).  Charter  Members: 
Samuel  Washington  McCallie,  and  Samuel  Bruce  La  Rue.  Sponsors  at 
reestablishment  in  1892:  John  Jay  Bernard  (Tennessee),  Robert  Wood 
Tate  (Tennessee),  William  Andrew  McCord  (Tennessee),  Thomas  Jef- 
ferson Brown  (Tennessee),  and  Alfred  Young  Bailey  (Tennessee).  Total 
number  of  initiates,  43 ;   deceased  members,  2. 

Phi,  fourteenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Southwestern  Pres- 
byterian University,  Clarksville,  Tenn.,  on  April  12,  1882.  Sponsor  at 
establishment:  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia).  Charter  members: 
Carrington  Mason,  Jr.,  Henry  Craft,  Jr.,  and  Dudley  Thomas  Schoolneld. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  116;  deceased  members,  4. 

Omega,  fifteenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University  of 
the  South,  Sewanee,  Tenn.,  on  May  6,  1882.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia)  and  Arthur  Mason  Chichester  (Vir- 
ginia). Charter  members:  Arthur  Mason  Chichester,  William  Henry 
Inglesby,  George  Davis  Footman,  George  Anderson  Waddill,  Alfred  Me- 
nard Moulton,  Inman  Horner  Knox,  Morris  Kerr  Clark,  Lee  Brock,  Ed- 
ward Walter  Hughes,  Edward  Elliott  Camber  Habersham,  Frederick 
D.  Halsey,  Charles  Chaffe,  and  Elard  Ferdinand  von  Ende.  Total  num- 
ber of  initiates,   175 ;   deceased  members,  21. 

Pi,  sixteenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University  of 
West  Virginia,  Morgantown,  W:  Va.,  in  Sept.,  1883.  Became  inactive 
in  1887,  since  which  time  it  has  not  been  revived.  Anti-fraternity  laws 
do  not  obtain.  Sponsor  at  establishment:  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Vir- 
ginia) .  Charter  members :  John  Goodloe  Jackson,  Robert  E.  Jackson, 
Winston  Henry  Hoffman,  William  Jacob  Johnson,  and  Blackwell  Chilton 
Wilson.     Total  number  of  initiates,  17;  deceased  members,  1. 

Upsilon,  seventeenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Hampden- 
Sidney  College,  Prince  Edward  County,  Va.,  on  Nov.  14,  1883.  Local 
society,  Phi  Mu  Gamma,  absorbed.  Sponsor  at  establishment :  Stephen 
Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia).  Charter  members:  Alexander  Lee  Bondu- 
rant,  George  Keatts  Mason,  John  Harvie  Hull,  William  Taylor  Thayer, 
Jr.,  and  John  Marion  Hart,  Jr.  Total  number  of  initiates,  94;  deceased 
members,  8. 

Tau,  eighteenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University  of 
Texas,  Austin,  Texas,  on  Sept.  18,  1884.  Sponsor  at  establishment:  Wal- 
ter Lee  Robertson  (Sewanee).  Charter  members:  Rhodes  Fisher,  Jr., 
Isaac  Jalonick,  Frederick  Carlos  von  Rosenberg,  Isaac  V.  Davis,  and 
Rufus  Atwood  Palm.  Total  number  of  initiates,  205 ;  deceased  mem- 
bers. 11. 


APPENDIX  B  145 

Rao,  nineteenth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  North  Georgia 
Agricultural  College,  Dahlonega,  Ga.,  on  Feb.  u.  1885.  Became  in- 
active in  1 89 1,  since  which  time  it  has  not  been  reestablished.  Anti-fra- 
ternity laws  do  not  obtain.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  William  Henry 
Tnglesby  (Sewanee).  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia),  and  John  New- 
ton Humes  (Emory  and  Henry).  Charter  members:  Edward  Lee  Sutton, 
Edward  Cornelius  Cartledge,  James  Beverly  Martin,  William  Thomas 
Shockley,  Charles  Hill  Rawlins,  James  Paul  Stribling,  Charles  Daniel 
McRae,  and  Homer  Brown  Cobb.  Total  number  of  initiates,  32;  de- 
ceased  members,   2. 

Chi,  twentieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Purdue  University. 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  on  March  15,  1885.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  Augustus 
Ruff ne r  (West  Virginia),  and  William  Taylor  Thayer,  Jr.  (Hampden- 
Sidney).  Charter  members:  Augustus  Ruffner,  William  Taylor  Thayer, 
Jr.,  Michael  Steele  Bright,  Oscar  Ulysses  Mutz,  and  James  Sydney  Boyd. 
Total  number  of  initiates,   166;  deceased  members,  9. 

Delta,  twenty-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Maryland 
Military  and  Naval  Academy,  Oxford,  Md.,  on  Oct.  19.  1885.  Charter  with- 
drawn in  1887,  because  of  closing  of  institution.  Sponsor  at  establish- 
ment: Frederick  Carlos  von  Rosenberg  (Texas).  Charter  members: 
Frederick  Carlos  von  Rosenberg,  Francis  William  Hazlehurst,  William 
Joseph  Miller,  Arlington  Ulysses  Betts,  Charles  Bell  Burke,  James  Harry 
Covington,  James  Francis  Mclndoe,  William  Robert  Bell,  William  Headly 
Osborne,  Lawrence  Low,  Fletcher  Bright  Peters,  George  Lander  Abell, 
William  Martin  Cooper,  Charles  Edward  Wootten,  John  Harry  Albright, 
John  Wedderburn,  Benjamin  Rush  Logie,  John  Henry  Wagner,  and 
Douglass  Preston  Rock.  Total  number  of  initiates,  31 ;  deceased  members. 
2. 

Epsilon,  twenty-second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Centenary 
College,  Jackson,  La.,  on  Aug.  29,  1885.  Became  inactive  in  1904  by  tne 
withdrawal  of  its  charter.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Frank  Hanson 
Terry  (Virginia  Polytechnic),  and  Taylor  Gleaves  (Virginia  Polytechnic). 
Charter  members :  John  Hamilton  Ellis,  Charles  Howard  Hardenbergh, 
Emmett  Lee  Irwin,  .Milton  Sanford  Standifer,  and  Benjamin  Nathaniel 
Smith.     Total  number  of  initiates,  84;  deceased  members,  5. 

Psi,  twenty-third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University 
of  Maine,  Orono,  Me.,  on  Dec.  31,  1885.  Local  society,  K.  K.  F.,  absorbed. 
Sponsor  at  establishment:  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia).  Charter 
members :  John  Decker  Blagden,  Henry  Allan  McNally,  Alfred  Smith 
Ruth,  Seymour  Everett  Rogers,  Frank  Percy  Collins,  Josiah  Murch 
Aver,  Gilbert  Scovil  Vickery,  Norman  Tripp,  Charles  Ayers  Mason. 
Charles  Benjamin  Gould,  and  Seymore  Farrington  Miller.  Total  number 
of  initiates,  180;  deceased  members,   12. 

Sigma,  twenty-fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Ohio 
Northern  University,  Ada,  Ohio,  on  May  8,  1886.     Became  inactive  in  1888 


146  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

by  reason  of  anti-fraternity  laws,  since  which  time  it  has  not  been  reestab- 
lished. Anti-fraternity  laws  do  not  obtain.  Sponsor  at  establishment : 
Augustus  Ruffner  (West  Virginia).  Charter  members:  Joseph  Calvin 
Boyd,  John  Elmer  Virden,  Elmer  Ellsworth  Helms,  Gilbert  Allison  Adams, 
George  Albert  Spence,  James  Grant  Ames,  Leonidas  Alvah  Smith,  David 
Channing  Meek,  Lawrence  Hoover  Seager,  Bernard  Daly,  Frank  Ells- 
worth Seager,  Samuel  Allen  Hoskins,  William  Edie  Hoover,  Claudius 
Postean  Aubert,  and  John  Montgomery.  Total  number  of  initiates,  23; 
deceased  members,   1. 

Iota,  twenty-fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Southwestern 
University,  Georgetown,  Tex.,  on  Sept.  10,  1886.  Sponsor  at  establish- 
ment; Alexander  Lee  Bondurant  (Hampden-Sydney).  Charter  members: 
Iverson  Benjamin  Lane,  Jesse  Cross  Baker,  Jasper  Benjamin  Gibbs  and 
John  Stanley  Moss.    Total  number  of  initiates,  145 ;  deceased  members,  7. 

Gamma,  twenty-sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Louisiana 
State  University,  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  on  Feb.  19,  1887.  Sponsors  at  estab- 
lishment: Oscar  Kearney  Andrews  (Centenary),  Thomas  Ragan  (Cen- 
tenary), Milford  Sanford  Standifer  (Centenary),  and  others  of  the  Cen- 
tenary Chapter.  Charter  members :  Abel  James  Price,  Hunter  Vincent 
Kirkland,  Roy  Otto  Young,  Charles  Graham  David,  and  Frank  Thomas 
Guilbeau.     Total  number  of  initiates,  139;  deceased  members,  6. 

Alpha,  twenty-seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Emory  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  Ga.,  on  March  26,  1887.  Became  inactive  in  189T,  since 
which  time  it  has  not  been  reestablished.  Anti-fraternity  laws  do  not  ob- 
tain. Sponsor  at  establishment:  Edward  Lee  Sutton  (North  Georgia). 
Charter  members :  Arthur  Hamilton  Van  Dyke,  Jesse  Stephens  Lamar, 
Samuel  Jackson  Smith,  James  Henry  Harwell,  and  David  Conway  Gun- 
nels.    Total  number  of  initiates,  24;  deceased  members,  5. 

Beta-Theta,  twenty-eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Indiana 
University,  Bloomington,  Ind.,  on  May  14,  1887.  Charter  withdrawn  in 
1887 ;  was  reestablished  on  Feb.  10,  1900.  Sponsor  at  establishment : 
William  Taylor  Thayer,  Jr.  (Hampden-Sidney).  Charter  members;  Aaron 
Ellsworth  Smalley,  Horatio  Hoop  and  William  Herschel  Bloss.  Spon- 
sors at  reestablishment  in  1900:  Julius  Curtis  Travis  (Michigan),  Thomas 
Hendricks  David  (Purdue),  Harry  Augustus  Bevis  (Wabash),  Reginald 
Gates  Pape  (Wabash),  and  Samuel  Elliott  Perkins,  Jr.  (Wabash).  Total 
number  of  initiates,  71 ;  deceased  members,  2. 

Theta,  twenty-ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Cumberland 
University,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  on  Oct.  7.  1887.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Henry  Bruce  Buckner  (Sewanee),  Owen  Harris  Wilson  (Vanderbilt),and 
Franceway  Cossitt  Stratton  (Vanderbilt).  Charter  members:  Franceway 
Cossitt  Stratton,  Rufus  McClain  Fields,  Laban  Lacy  Rice,  Charles  Marvin 
Hunter,  Verne  Clifford  Armstrong,  and  Elvis  Willard  Blackmore.  Total 
number  of  initiates,  123 ;  deceased  members,  6. 


APPENDIX  B  147 

Beta,  thirtieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Thatcher  Institute, 
Shreveport,  La.,  on  February  27,  1888.  Became  inactive  in  1891 ;  institu- 
tion closed.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  James  Charles  Howerton  (Se- 
wanee),  and  Charles  Howard  Hardenbergh  (Centenary).  Charter  mem- 
bers :  William  Gregg  Dalzell,  Alexis  Moore  Lemee,  Chichester  Choplin,  Jr., 
Charles  Robert  Caldwell,  and  Arthur  Franklin  Stephenson.  Total  num- 
ber of  initiates,  17;  deceased  members,  5. 

Pi,  thirty-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Swarthmore  College, 
Swarthmore,  Pa.,  on  July  21,  1888.  Sponsor  at  establishment:  William 
Taylor  Thayer  (  Hampden-Sidney).  Charter  members:  Harry  Leslie 
Boggs,  John  Atkinson  Thayer,  Frederick  Neal  Carr,  and  Ellis  Bronson 
Ridgway.     Total  number  of  initiates,  91 ;  deceased  members,  1. 

Eta,  thirty-second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Randolph-Macon 
College,  Ashland,  Va.,  on  Nov.  14,  1888.  Sponsor  at  establishment :  James 
David  Johnston,  Jr.  (Emory  and  Henry).  Charter  members:  James  David 
Johnston,  Jr.,  Herbert  Milton  Martin,  Emerson  Taylor  Wescott,  and 
Charles  Herbert  Hall.    Total  number  of  initiates,  67 ;  deceased  members,  2. 

Sigma,  thirty-third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Tulane  Uni- 
versity, New  Orleans,  La.,  on  Jan.  26,  1889.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Eugene  Augustus  Harris  (Southwestern),  Charles  Howard  Hardenbergh 
(Centenary),  James  Monroe  Sims  (Centenary),  Benjamin  Nathaniel 
Smith  (Centenary),  Lawrence  Wade  Smith  (Louisiana),  Abel  James 
Price  (Louisiana),  Roy  Otto  Young  (Louisiana),  and  Hunter  Vincent 
Kirkland  (Louisiana).  Charter  members:  William  Cyprien  Dufour,  Jos- 
eph Oscar  Daspit,  Mark  Mayo  Boatner,  Nimrod  McGuire,  and  Thomas 
McCaleb.     Total  number  of  initiates,   106;  deceased  members,   13. 

Nu,  thirty-fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  William  and 
Mary  College,  Williamsburg,  Va.,  on  March  1,  1890.  Sponsors  at  estab- 
lishment: Herbert  Milton  Martin  (Randolph-Macon),  James  David  John- 
ston, Jr.  (Emory  and  Henry),  and  Harry  Graham  Robinson  (Randolph- 
Macon).  Charter  members:  Fernando  Southall  Farrar,  Robert  Southall 
Bright,  James  Brown  McCaw,  Killis  Campbell,  Harry  Thompson  Dozier, 
and  John  Minor  Gatewood.  Total  number  of  initiates,  117;  deceased 
members,  5. 

Chi-Omega,  thirty-fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  South  Carolina,  Columbia,  S.  C,  on  April  23,  1890.  Became 
inactive  in  1897  by  reason  of  anti-fraternity  laws.  Anti-fraternity  laws 
obtain.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  Stephen  Alonzo  Jackson  (Virginia), 
Crawford  Clayton  Wilson  (Virginia),  John  Pegram  Anderson  (Virginia 
Polytechnic),  and  Samuel  Macon  Smith  (Virginia).  Charter  members: 
William  Walter  Hentz,  Charles  Brewer,  Samuel  Charlton  Todd,  Ralph 
Smith,  and  Benjamin  Palmer  McMaster.  Total  number  of  initiates,  28; 
deceased  members,  2. 

Xi,  thirty-sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University  of 
Arkansas,  Fayetteville,  Ark.,  on  May  29,  1890.     Sponsor  at  establishment: 


148  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Charles  Richardson  (Emory  and  Henry).  Charter  members:  William 
Allen  Crawford,  John  Clinton  Futrall,  Carl  Clinton  Miller  and  William 
Shields  Goodwin.     Total  number  of  initiates,   150;  deceased  members,   1. 

Delta,  thirty-seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Davidson 
College,  Davidson,  N.  C,  on  Nov.  17,  1890.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Charles  Brewer  (South  Carolina),  Crawford  Clayton  Wilson  (Virginia), 
and  Leonidas  Chalmers  Glenn  (South  Carolina).  Charter  members: 
Renjamin  Waddell  Glasgow,  Albert  Jackson  Wittson,  Williamson  Wal- 
lace Morris,  Charles  Lester  Grey,  Robert  Junius  Hunter,  and  William 
Alexander  Hafner.     Total  number  of  initiates,  97;  deceased  members,  o. 

Beta,  thirty-eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Butler  .Uni- 
versity, Irvington,  Ind..  on  Feb.  16,  1891.  Charter  surrendered  in  1893, 
since  which  time  it  has  not  been  reestablished.  Anti-fraternity  laws  do 
not  obtain.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Samuel  Kennedy,  Arthur  Gray- 
don  Moody,  Wilbur  Nathaniel  Morrill,  Robert  Allen  Lackey,  Charles  Arch- 
ibald Murray,  Charles  Morgan  Olds,  John  Erhard  Muhlfeld,  Job  Lyndon 
Van  Natta,  Willard  Cheney  Knight,  William  Howard  Aldrich,  Jr.,  Russell 
Spencer  Viberg  and  James  Vinton  Godman,  all  of  Purdue.  Charter  mem- 
bers :  James  Dennis  Carson,  Mark  Antony  Collins,  Jesse  Lincoln  Brady, 
George  Varner  Miller,  Robert  Philson  Collins,  and  Charles  Manker.  Total 
number  of  initiates,  11;  deceased  members,  c. 

Alpha- Gam  ma,  thirty-ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Illinois,  Champaign,  111.,  on  Nov.  17,  1891.  Sponsor  at 
establishment:  Robert  Allen  Lackey  (Purdue).  Charter  members  :  James 
Steele,  William  George  Miller,  William  Ernest  Steinwedell,  George 
Philp  Behrensmeyer,  Frank  David  Arms,  James  David  Metcalf,  and 
George  Herbert  Atherton.  Total  number  of  initiates,  159;  deceased  mem- 
bers, 4. 

Alpha-Delta,  fortieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Penn- 
sylvania State  College,  State  College,  Pa.,  on  Jan.  8,  1892.  Sponsors  at 
establishment:  Frederick  Neal  Carr  (Swarthmore),  Frederic  William 
Speakman  (Swarthmore),  Walter  Weaver  Hibbert  (Swarthmore),  and 
Robert  Woodward  Lippincott  (Swarthmore).  Charter  members:  Milton 
Speer  McDowell,  William  Powell  Rothrock,  Walter  Blair  Waite,  Mark 
Truman  Swartz,  Hugh  Stuart  Taylor  and  Arthur  George  Guyer.  Total 
number  of  initiates,    121 ;    deceased   members,  2. 

Alpha-Epsilon,  forty-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  on  Jan.-  20,  1892.  Sponsors 
at  establishment:  James  Harry  Covington  (Maryland  Military  and 
Naval),  Frank  Ross  Sherard  (Washington  and  Lee),  Montgomery  Gano 
Ruckner  (Texas),  Alfred  Burwell  Claytor  (Washington  and  Lee),  and 
members  of  Pi  Chapter,  Swarthmore  College,  and  others.  Charter  mem- 
bers :  James  Harry  Covington,  Frank  Ross  Sherard,  Montgomery  Gano 
Buckner,  and  Alfred  Burwell  Claytor.  Total  number  of  initiates,  in; 
deceased  members,   1. 


APPENDIX  B  149 

Aj.i'ha-Zkta,  forty-second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
l'niversity  of  Michigan,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  on  Feb.  23,  1892.  Sponsors 
at  establishment:  Alexander  Yerger  Scott  (Sewanee),  Daniel  Edward 
Storms  (Purdue),  and  George  Frank  Rich  (Maine).  Charter  members: 
Alexander  Yerger  Scott,  Daniel  Edward  Storms,  George  Frank  Rich, 
Lyman  Gaston  Grundy,  Albert  Mahlon  Ashley,  Jesse  Elmer  Roberts, 
Julian  Alvin  Padgett,  Richard  Francis  Purcell,  Anson  Daniel  Rose,  and 
Horatio  Vallandigham  Gard.  Total  number  of  initiates,  147;  deceased 
members,  5. 

Alpha-Eta,  forty-third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  George 
Washington  University,  Washington,  D.  C,  on  Feb.  23,  1892.  Became 
inactive  in  1893 ;  was  reestablished  on  May  28,  1896.  Sponsors  at  estab- 
lishment: Schiller  Brents  Hermann  (Washington  and  Lee).  Albert  Jack- 
son Wittson  (Davidson),  William  Homer  Greer  (Washington  and  Lee), 
Angus  McDonald  (Virginia),  John  Benjamin  Clark  (North  Georgia), 
William  Cowan  Bowen  (Maryland),  William  Bolivar  Byers  (Maryland). 
Albert  C.  Stephens  (Maryland),  and  John  Halsey  Phillips  (North 
Georgia).  Charter  members:  Edward  Grant  Seibert, -Clarence  George 
Probert,  Lincoln  Johnson,  and  Van  Buren  Knott  Sponsors  at  reest  b- 
lishment :  Robert  Henry  Tucker  (William  and  Mary),  John  Womack 
Wright  (William  and  Mary),  John  Howard  Allen  (Vanderbilt),  William 
Thompson  Pollard  (Randolph -Macon),  and  George  Coleman  Bushnell 
(Cumberland).     Total   number  of  initiates,    132;   deceased  members,   7. 

Alpha-Theta,  forty-fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  South- 
western Baptist  University,  Jackson,  Tenn.,  on  March  5,  1892.  Sponsors 
at  establishment:  Charles  Bell  Burke  (Maryland  Military  and  Naval), 
John  Cullom  Wilson  (Vanderbilt),  George  Harris  Robertson  (South- 
western Presbyterian),  John  Chester  Botts  (Southwestern  Presbyterian), 
and  Martin  Holbrook  (Tennessee).  Charter  members:  John  Collum  Wil- 
son. John  Whittaker  Buford.  Jr..  Jere  Lawrence  Crook,  Flarnc  Lee  Den- 
nison,  and  Hunter  Wilson.  Total  number  of  initiates,  116;  deceased  mem- 
bers. 3. 

Alpha-Kappa,  forty-fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Cornell 
University,  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  on  May  23,  1892.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Daniel  Royse  (Purdue),  and  Richard  Johnson  Putnam  (Centenary). 
Charter  members:  Daniel  Royse,  Richard  Johnson  Putnam.  Arthur  Wil- 
liam Herman  Kaiser.  James  Christian  Meinich  Hanson,  Willis  Charles 
Ellis,  Bion  Lucien  Burrows,  Henry  Curtis  Earle,  Charles  Dunn,  Harry 
Merrick  Beach,  George  Warren  Rulison,  and  Henry  George  Wolcott. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  143 ;  deceased  members,  6. 

Alpha-Lambda,  forty-sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
l'niversity  of  Vermont,  Burlington,  Vt,  on  Feb.  16,  1893.  Sponsors  at 
establishment:  Jeremiah  Sweetser  Ferguson  (Maine),  and  Charles  Pren- 
tiss Kittredge  (Maine).  Charter  members:  Tenney  Hall  Wheatley,  Frank 
Nelson  Guild,  Bertie  Duane  Longe.  William  Stuart.  John  Findlay  Young. 


150  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Clayton  Gerald  Andrews,  Theodore  Eli  Hopkins,  Leigh  Hunt,  Norman 
Brown  Webber,  Otis  Warren  Barrett,  Carl  Wallace  Fisher,  Harry  DeWitt 
Giddings,  Joseph  Benjamin  Kidder,  and  Frederick  Milo  Small.  Total 
number  of  initiates,   128;   deceased  members,  4. 

Alpha-Mu,  forty-seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina,  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C,  on  June  3,  1893.  Sponsors 
at  establishment :  Thomas  Cowper  Daniels,  Frank  Bettis  Davis,  David 
Anderson  Houston,  Frank  Gibbons  W)estbrook,  Luther  Thompson  Hart- 
sell,  Sterling  Blackwell  Pierce,  John  William  Daniels,  Albert  Hubbard 
Bangert,  James  Walter  Wadsworth,  Braxton  Phifer,  Samuel  W.  Sparger, 
and  William  Atlas  Finch,  all  of  Trinity.  Charter  members:  George  Ros- 
coe  Little,  Gerard  Samuel  Wittson,  James  Spencer  Lewis,  Thomas  Pleas- 
ant Braswell,  Jr.,  and  Thomas  Menan  Hooker.  Total  number  of  initiates, 
33;  deceased  members,  1. 

Alpha-Nu,  forty-eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Wofford 
College,  Spartanburg,  S.  C,  on  Jan.  27,  1894.  Sponsors  at  establishment: 
De  La  Warr  Benjamin  Easter  (Randolph- Macon),  Reginald  McCreery 
Rawls  (South  Carolina),  and  Richard  Smallwood  Des  Portes  (South 
Carolina).  Charter  members:  Benjamin  Wofford  Wait,  Frederick  Anson 
Cummings,  John  Caswell  Roper,  Thomas  McTyeire  Raysor  and  Nathaniel 
Moss  Salley.     Total  number  of  initiates,  67;  deceased  members,  3. 

Alpha-Xi,  forty-ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Bethel  Col- 
lege, Russellville,  Ky.,  on  May  28,  1894.  Charter  withdrawn  in  1902,  since 
which  time  it  has  not  been  reestablished.  Anti-fraternity  laws  do  not  ob- 
tain. Sponsors  at  establishment:  Robert  Alomath  Cox  (Southwestern 
Presbyterian),  Thomas  Maury  Daniel  (Southwestern  Presbyterian),  Mat- 
thew Gerald  Lyle  (Southwestern  Presbyterian),  Harry  Wesley  Borders 
(Southwestern  Presbyterian),  Lawrence  Newton  Byers  (Southwestern 
Presbyterian),  and  others.  Charter  members:  Holman  Taylor,  Alonzo 
Stuart  Wooten,  John  Caldwell  Browder,  Howell  Harrison  Hopson  and 
Julian  Wilcox  Courts.  Total  number  of  initiates,  45 ;  deceased  members,  3. 
Alpha-Omicron,  fiftieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Ken- 
tucky University,  Lexington,  Ky.,  on  Sept.  7,  1894.  Charter  withdrawn  in 
1901,  since  which  time  it  has  not  been  reestablished.  Anti-fraternity  laws 
do  not  obtain.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  John  Taylor  Green  (Purdue), 
John  Van  Meter  Nicholas  (Washington  and  Lee),  and  McKenzie  Robert- 
son Todd  (Michigan).  Charter  members:  Paul  Vincent  Bartlett,  Michael 
Donoho  Forman,  William  Wood  Ballard  and  Morton  Humphrey  Bourne. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  50;  deceased  members,  1. 

Alpha-Pi,  fifty-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Wabash  Col- 
lege, Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  on  Feb.  1,  1895.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Charles  Brewster  Randolph  (Cumberland),  John  Taylor  Green  (Purdue), 
George  Eugene  Boyd  (Illinois),  and  Birch  David  Coffman  (Illinois). 
Charter  members :  Charles  Brewster  Randolph,  Robert  Nathaniel  Todd, 
Felix  Henry  Willis,  Harry  Herbert  McClure,  and  Charles  Matthias  Rauch. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  70;   deceased  members,   1. 


APPENDIX  B  151 

Alpha-Rho,  fifty-second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Bowdoin 
College,  Brunswick,  Maine,  on  March  22,  1895.  Sponsors  at  establishment: 
Charles  Maurice  Randlette  (Maine),  eleven  members  of  Psi  Chapter,  and 
John  Findlay  Young,  Leigh  Hunt,  Carl  Wallace  Fisher,  Hugh  Aaron 
Seager,  and  Ide  Gill  Sargeant,  all  of  Vermont.  Charter  members :  Clar- 
ence Edgar  Baker,  Ralph  Wallace  Crosman,  Cecil  Leroy  Blake,  Fred- 
erick Howard  Dole,  Joseph  William  Hewitt,  Oscar  Elmer  Pease,  Edwin 
Francis  Pratt,  James  Edwin  Rhodes,  2d,  Reuel  Washburn  Smith,  Eben 
Davis  Lane,  Ernest  Charles  Edwards,  and  Jacob  Meldon  Loring.  Total 
number  of   initiates,   99;    deceased   members,    1. 

Alpha-Sigma,  fifty-third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Ohio 
State  University,  Columbus,  Ohio,  on  March  22,  1895.  Sponsors  at  es- 
tablishment: William  Taylor  Thayer  (Hampden-Sidney),  John  Atkinson 
Thayer  (Swarthmore),  and  Frederick  Neal  Carr  (Swarthmore).  Charter 
members :  Charles  William  Burkett,  Renick  William  Dunlap,  Ernest 
Jacob  Riggs,  Dora  Van  Buren  Burkett,  and  Charles  Franklin  Sprague. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  101 ;  deceased  members,  5. 

Alpha-Tau,  fifty-fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Georgia 
School  of  Technology,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  on  Oct.  5,  1895.  Sponsors  at  estab- 
lishment:  Mark  Johnston  White  (Mercer),  George  Washington  Smith 
(Mercer),  Jesse  Chamblis  Harris  (Mercer),  Lawson  James  Pritchard 
(Mercer),  Henry  Martin  Cass  (Grant),  Fielding  Parker  Sizer  (Grant), 
Frank  Finley  Hooper  (Grant),  and  John  Maynard  Rutherford  (Grant). 
Charter  members :  Birton  Neill  Wilson,  James  Thompson  Wikle,  Walter 
Brooks  West,  Charles  Pinckney  Rowland,  Frederic  Earl  Solomon,  Frank 
Barrows  Freyer,  Bertie  William  Seawell  and  William  Barton  Reynolds. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  84;   deceased  members,  4. 

Alpha-Upsilon,  fifty-fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Millsaps 
College,  Jackson,  Miss.,  on  Nov.  9,  1895.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Thomas  Bascom  Holloman,  Jr.  (Centenary-),  and  Joseph  Fielding  Robin- 
son (Sewanee).  Charter  members:  Charles  Galloway  Jones,  Daniel  Gil- 
mer McLaurin,  William  Burwell  Jones,  Charles  Girault  Andrews,  Black- 
shear  Hamilton  Locke,  Henry  Thompson  Carley,  John  Holliday  Holloman, 
Ethelbert  Hines  Galloway,  Thomas  Mitchell  Lemly,  and  John  Tillery 
Lewis.     Total  number  of  initiates,  109;  deceased  members,  o. 

Alpha-Phi,  fifty-sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Bucknell  Un- 
iversity, Lewisburg,  Pa.,  on  Dec.  11,  1896.  Local  society,  Phi  Epsilon.  ab- 
sorbed. Sponsors  at  establishment:  James  Harry  Covington  (Maryland 
Military  and  Naval),  George  Harold  Powell  (Cornell),  and  Alpha-Delta 
Chapter.  Charter  members :  Merton  Roscoe  Collins,  George  Albert  Jen- 
nings, Simon  Ward  Gilpin,  Oliver  John  Decker,  George  Edward  Jenkin- 
son,  Jr.,  William  Robert  Morris,  Benjamin  Williams  Griffith,  Saner  Cook 
Bell,  and  Arthur  Dougherty  Rees.  Total  number  of  initiates,  73;  deceased 
members,  1. 

Alpha-Psi,  fifty-seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Nebraska,  Lincoln,  Neb.,  on  Feb.   13,   1897.     Sponsor  at  estab- 


152  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

lishment :  Charles  Brewster  Randolph  (Cumberland).  Charter  members: 
Charles  Alfred  Turrell,  Charles  Frederick  Schwartz,  William  Grant, 
Clarence  Curtis  Culver,  Leonard  Harman  Robbins,  Cassius  Asa  Fisher, 
Carl  Le  Roy  Shuff,  Le  Roy  Vernon  Patch,  and  Charles  Edward  Matson. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  104;  deceased  members,  1. 

Alpha-Omega,  fifty-eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  William 
Jewell  College,  Liberty,  Mo.,  on  May  8,  1897.  Local  society,  Pi  Alpha 
Theta,  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  Charles  Richardson  (Emory 
and  Henry),  and  William  Laurence  Cunningham  (Washington  and  Lee). 
Charter  members:  John  Jasper  Bowman,  Richard  Archie  Bywaters,  John 
Marion  Word,  Richard  Irving  Bruce,  Carter  Richard  Bishop,  Lester  Car- 
penter Grady,  and  John  William  Sydnor.  Total  number  of  initiates,  60; 
deceased  members,  3. 

Beta- Alpha,  fifty-ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Brown 
University,  Providence,  R.  I.,  on  Feb.  22,  1898.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
John  Warren  Davis  (Bucknell),  George  Edward  Schilling  (Bucknell), 
Warren  Robinson  Austin  (Vermont),  Norton  Royce  Hotchkiss  ( Mary- 
kind),  John  Lawrence  Ludwig  (Virginia  Polytechnic),  Frank  Edward 
Snowden  (Southwestern  Presbyterian),  and  Frederic  Lee  Stone  (Se- 
wanee).  Charter  members:  Ephraim  LeRoy  Hart,  Mellinger  Edward 
Henry,  Arthur  Herbert  Fitz,  Charles  Israel  Gates,  Francis  Severance 
Johnson,  William  Watson  Wyckoff,  Luther  Bentley  Adams,  Leonard 
Merrick  Patton,  Ernest  Palmer  Carr,  Carlton  John  Patton,  David  Con- 
nolly Hall,  and  Claude  Everett  Stevens.  Total  number  of  initiates,  83 : 
deceased  members,  2. 

Beta-Beta,  sixtieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Richmond 
College,  Richmond,  Va .  on  March  5,  1898.  Sponsors  at  establishment: 
Herbert  Milton  Martin  (Randolph-Macon),  Stanley  Watkins  Martin 
(Virginia  Polytechnic),  Lewis  Fleming  (Hampden-Sidney),  Rives  Flem- 
ing (Hampden-S-'dney),  James  Duncan  Hughlett  (Randolph-Macon),  Nor- 
val  Thomas  Hepburn  (Randolph-Macon),  Thomas  Watson  Brown  (Wil- 
liam and  Mary),  William  Spencer  Henley  (William  and  Mary),  Frank 
Thomas  Staley  (Emory  and  Henry)  and  others.  Charter  members :  Wil- 
liam Loftin  Prince,  Charles  Craddock  Barksdale,  Robert  Lee  Williams, 
Harry  Rew,  William  Gary  Bidgood,  Robert  Opie  Norris,  Jr.,  Robert  Nel- 
son Pollard,  and  Norman  Gara  Woodson.  Total  number  of  initiates,  43; 
deceased  members,  c. 

Beta-Gamma,  sixty-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  M:s- 
souri  State  University,  Columbia,  Mo.,  on  April  6,  1898.  Sponsors  at 
establishment:  George  Vaughan  (Arkansas),  Berkeley  St.  John  Green 
(Sewanee),  and  Abe  John  Myar  (Arkansas).  Charter  members:  Wil- 
liam Henry  Turner,  John  Crockett  Edwards,  Adelphus  Centimus  Ter- 
rell, George  Gordon  Robertson,  Everett  Pine  Weatherly,  David  Otto 
Row,  Judson  Baker  Bond,  Wilford  Caldwell  Barnhardt,  and  Ernest  Tate. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  77 ;   deceased  members,  3. 


APPENDIX  B  153 

Beta-Dki.ta,  sixty-second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Wash- 
ington and  Jefferson  College,  Washington,  Pa.,  on  April  15,  1898.  Spon- 
sors at  establishment:  Rudolph  Peak  Lippincott  (Wabash).  Charter 
members :  Rudolph  Peak  Lippincott,  John  Robert  Musgrave,  Homer 
Krepps  Underwood,  William  Pollock  Craig,  Lee  Dewitt  Hemingway, 
Chas.  Walter  Stone,  Alexander  Blaikie  Jobson,  Earl  Cubbison  Cleeland, 
and  John  Charles  Walter  Busch.  Total  number  of  initiates,  52;  deceased 
numbers,   1. 

Beta-Epsilon,  sixty-third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Wisconsin,  Madison,  Wis.,  on  June  II,  1898.  Sponsors  at 
establishment:  Mark  Sands  (Michigan),  Guy  Miltimore  (Illinois), 
George  Eugene  Boyd  (Illinois),  Lore  Alford  Rogers  (Maine),  and 
Joseph  Maxwell  McArthur  (Sewanee).  Charter  members:  Lore  Al- 
ford Rogers,  Joseph  Maxwell  McArthur,  William  Brown  Ford,  Thomas 
George  Xee.  John  Lincojn  Fisher,  and  George  Warner  Mosher.  Total 
number  of  initiates,  88;  deceased  members.   1. 

Beta-Zkta.  sixty-fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Leland 
Stanford,  Jr.,  University,  Cal.,  on  May  19,  1899.  Sponsors  at  es- 
tablishment: Frank  Maytham  (Cornell),  and  Robert  Lee  Stephenson 
(Tennessee).  Charter  members:  Prank  Maytham,  Alfred  Francis  Wil- 
liam Schmidt,  Frederic  Jewell  Perry,  Frank  Hinman,  Howard  Truslow. 
and  Roy  Harry  Black.  Total  number  of  initiates,  59;  deceased  mem- 
bers,  1. 

Beta-Eta,  sixty-fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Alabama 
Polytechnic  Institute,  Auburn.  Ala.,  on  Jan'y  20,  1900.  Sponsors  at  es- 
tablishment: Nathaniel  Leslie  Carpenter  (Vanderbilt),  James  Napoleon 
Granade  (Alabama),  John  Harman  Taylor  (Mercer),  William  Parker 
Neilson  (Alabama),  and  Thomas  Sweeney  Sharp  (Alabama).  Charter 
members :  Malcolm  Alfred  Beeson,  William  Forney  Osborne,  William 
Stowe  Rutledge,  Luther  Noble  Duncan,  James  Richard  Rutland,  Henry 
Virgil  Reid,  Paul  Shields  Haley,  George  Waddell  Snedecor,  William 
Lawson  Thornton,  and  William  Watson  Rutland.  Total  number  of  in- 
itiates. 59;   deceased  members,  o. 

Beta-Iota,  sixty-sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Lehigh 
University,  South  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  on  Nov.  28,  1900.  Sponsors  at  estab- 
lishment :  the  members  of  the  Supreme  Executive  Committee  and  the 
delegates  to  the  14th  Biennial  Grand  Conclave.  Charter  members:  Wil- 
liam Perry  Rogers,  John  Stauffer  Krauss,  Louis  Gustave  Krauss,  Charles 
Elmer  Barba.  Arthur  Reuben  Young,  Henry  Le  Roy  Fryer,  Solomon 
W.  Goldsmith.  Ellis  Garfield  Godshalk,  George  Jack  Walz,  and  John 
Walt   Dismant.     Total   number  of  initiates,   49;   deceased   members,  o. 

Beta-Kappa,  sixty-seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
New  ^Hampshire  College,  Durham,  N.  H.,  on  Feb.  22,  1901.  Local  so- 
ciety, Q.  T.  V.,  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Jeremiah  Sweet- 
ser  Ferguson  ( Maine).  Charles  William  Burkett  (Ohio  State),  Frederick 


154  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Symes  Johnston  (Ohio  State),  George  Hoxsie  Stickney  (Cornell,  Preston 
Banks  Churchill  (Bowdoin),  Edward  Trowbridge  Fenley  (Bowdoin), 
Arthur  Lawrence  Small  (Bowdoin),  Bertram  Albert  Warren  (Brown), 
and  William  Eli  Putnam  (Vermont).  Charter  members:  Irving  Atwell 
Colby,  Henry  Harold  Calderwood,  Charles  Almon  Hunt,  Edwin  Price 
Jewett,  Robert  McArdle  Keown,  Elmer  Eugene  Lyon,  Norman  Allen  Rol- 
lins, Edwin  William  Gilmartin,  John  Chester  Kendall,  Harry  Moulton 
Lee,  Abiel  Abbott  Livermore,  William  Lincoln  Barker,  Harry  David 
Batchelor,  Everett  William  Burbeck,  Frank  Lester  Hill,  Ralph  Harvey 
Rollins,  Carl  Linwood  Sargent,  Melvin  Johnson  White,  Percy  Anderson 
Campbell,  Frank  Lurling  Hadley,  Thomas  Jefferson  Laton,  Levi  Joseph 
Marsh,  Joseph  French  Blodgett,  and  Charles  Emery  Robertson.  Total 
number  of  initiates,  90;  deceased  members,  0. 

Beta-Lambda,  sixty-eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Georgia,  Athens,  Ga.,  on  March  16,  1901.  Sponsors  at  es- 
tablishment: Israel  Mercer  Putnam  (Vanderbilt),  Robert  Clinton  Steph- 
ens (Mercer),  Bradford  Enoch  Roughton,  Jr.  (Mercer),  Joseph  Albert 
Hall,  Jr.,  John  Gillespie  Johnson,  Milton  Graham  Smith,  Paul  Howes 
Norcross,  Hugh  O'Keefe  Kendrick,  Samuel  Warren  Mays  and  Luther 
Love  Hunnicutt,  all  of  Georgia  Tech.  Charter  members :  Israel  Mercer 
Putnam,  Charles  Johns  Moore,  Marvin  McDonald  Dickinson,  John  Earle 
Overby  McCalla,  Marion  Stinson  Monk,  John  Christian  Koch,  Oscar 
John  Coogler,  George  Washington  Threlkeld,  Walter  Barnett  Shaw,  and 
Paul  Jones  King.     Total  number  of  initiates,  38;    deceased  members,  o. 

Beta-Mu,  sixty-ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Minnesota,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  on  April  6,  1901.  Local  society 
Alpha  Theta  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Walter  Wallace  Ty- 
ler (Vermont),  William  Robt.  Morris  (Bucknell),  Rufus  Milton  Barnes 
(Pennsylvania),  Mervin  Eber  Alcott  (Lake  Forest),  Clarence  Eugene  Ab- 
bott (Wisconsin),  John  Morledge  Woy  (Wisconsin)  and  James  Russell 
Hobbins  (Wisconsin).  Charter  members:  Edward  Alford  Ecklund,  Charles 
Parker  Sterling,  George  Francis  Shea,  Frank  Charles  Hughes.  Emory 
Lee  Jewell,  Lyman  Joseph  Howes,  Morton  Lewis  McBride,  Samuel  Doak 
Lowery,  William  Henry  Shea,  Jr.,  and  Adrian  Daniel  Mastenbrook.  To- 
tal number  of  initiates,  61 ;  deceased  members,   1.         . 

Beta-Nu,  seventieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Kentucky 
State  College,  Lexington,  Ky.,  on  April  5,  1901.  Sponsors  at  establish- 
ment: William  Wood  Ballard  (Kentucky),  James  Aylmer  Slack  (Bethel), 
Benjamin  Talbott  Hume,  Jr.  (Kentucky),  Waller  Pendleton  Eubank 
(Bethel),  Madison  Ashby  Hart  (Kentucky),  Dawson  Chambers  (Ken- 
tucky), and  others.  Charter  members:  Lewis  Andrew  Darling,  James 
Aylmer  Slack,  Benjamin  Talbott  Hume,  Jr.,  John  Henry  Leon  Vogt,  Wal- 
ler Pendleton  Eubank,  John  Edwin  Brown,  George  William  Headley,  Jr., 
Butler  Fauntleroy  Thompson,  Charles  Leon  Peckinpaugh,  Samuel  Fletch- 
er Parker,  Charles  Wright  Atkinson,  and  Herman  Frederick  Scholtz. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  40;    deceased  members,    1. 


APPENDIX  B  155 

Beta-Xi,  seventy-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  California,  Berkeley,  Cal.,  on  Aug.  24,  1901.  Local  society  Beta 
Kappa  Delta  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Frederick  Jewell  Perry 
(Stanford),  Edward  Marion  Walsh  (Michigan),  Elmer  Guy  Ryker  (Mich-' 
igan),  Peter  James  Crosby  (Michigan),  Thomas  Stanley  Evans  (George 
Washington),  William  Henry  Beard  (George  Washington),  Carl  Wallace 
Fisber  (Vermont),  Robert  Lee  Stephenson  (Tennessee),  Roy  Harry 
Black  (Stanford),  Alfred  Francis  William  Schmidt  (Stanford),  Ernest 
Stoddard  Page  (Stanford),  Clarence  Winslow  Page  (Stanford),  Claude 
Bailey  Gillespie  (Stanford.),  Frank  Hinman  (Stanford),  Harry  Clifford 
Lucas  (Stanford),  and  Nathan  Gardiner  Symonds  (Stanford).  Charter 
members :  Lawrence  Stephen  O'Toole,  Boutwell  Dunlap,  Clarence  Case- 
bolt  Dakin,  Frederick  Holroyd  Dakin,  Jr.,  Charles  Thomason  Dozier, 
Christopher  Hatton  Aspland,  William  Whitehead  Hurlburt,  and  Robert 
Weitbrec  Cooper.     Total  number  of  initiates,  48;   deceased  members,  o. 

Beta-Omicron,  seventy-second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at 
Denver  University,  Denver,  Col.,  on  Feb.  8,  1902.  Sponsors  at  establish- 
ment:  John  Randolph  Neal  (Tennessee),  Edmond  Plumb  Boynton  (Cor- 
nell), Franklin  Houston  Morrison  (Ohio),  and  William  Marshall  Rob- 
inson (Wm.  Jewell).  Charter  members:  Davis  McArthur  Carson,  Jus- 
tin Hiram  Haynes,  William  Angus  Mitchell,  William  James  Perkins. 
Charles  Frederick  Morris,  Frank  Leslie  Veatch,  and  Samuel  Clifford 
Carnes.     Total  number  of  initiates,  40;   deceased  members,   1. 

Beta-Pi,  seventy-third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Dickinson 
College,  Carlisle,  Pa.,  on  Feb.  7,  1902.  Local  society,  Pi  Gamma  Alpha, 
absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  John  Warren  Davis  (Bucknell), 
Frank  Jones  Kier  (Pennsylvania),  Lewis  Bayard  Custer  (Bucknell),  Car- 
roll Caruthers  (Bucknell),  David  Robinson  Walkinshaw  (Bucknell),  Wal- 
ter Wetmore  Senn  (Bucknell),  Charles  Arthur  Woodard  (Bucknell),  Jo- 
seph Earl  Hill  (Lehigh),  Henry  LeRoy  Fryer  (Lehigh),  John  Rockey 
Decker  (Pennsylvania  State),  Edward  Nathan  Zern  (Pennsylvania  State), 
James  Vance  Kyle  (Pennsylvania  State),  George  Edgar  Diehl  (Penn- 
sylvania State),  Robert  Wallace  WVay  (Pennsylvania  State).  James 
Ellis  Harvey  (Pennsylvania  State),  and  William  Van  Gundia  Detwiler 
(Pennsylvania  State).  Charter  members:  Frank  Thompson  Bell,  Ulysses 
Simpson  Wright,  William  Edward  Myers,  Agis  Aldridge  McCrone. 
Robert  Clarence  Peters,  Curvin  Henry  Gingrich,  Thomas  Edwin  Redding. 
John  Wycliffe  Yost,  Charles  Wesley  Taylor.  Louis  Crawford  Carroll,  and 
Herbert  Jerrel  Belting.  Total  number  of  initiates,  45;  deceased  mem- 
bers, 0. 

Beta-Rho,  seventy- fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  State 
University  of  Iowa.  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  on  Sep.  27,  1902.  Local  society 
Phi  Upsilon  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  Mark  Sands  (Michi- 
gan), Samuel  Berkley  Sloan  (Nebraska),  William  Karl  Herrick  (Lake  For- 
est), and  Adrian  Daniel  Mastenbrook    (Minnesota).      Charter  members: 


156  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Frederick  Henry  Luhman,  Edwin  Calhoun  Arthur,  John  Augustus  Mc- 
Kenzie,  Thomas  Corwin  Smith,  John  Paul  Redmond,  Francis  Nugent, 
Harvey  Le  Roy  Dye,  Harold  Beecher  Strong,  Walter  Lynn  Du  Bois, 
Willard  Carlisle  Swigart,  Bert  Blaine  Burnquist,  and  Thomas  Cyrus 
Doran.     Total  number  of  initiates,  58;  deceased  members,  0. 

Beta-Sigma,  seventy-fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Wash- 
ington University,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  on  Nov.  22,  1902.  Sponsors  at  estab- 
ishment :  Charles  Richardson  (Emory  and  Henry),  William  Brownlow  Lat- 
ta  (Arkansas),  Harvey  Field  Parker  (Missouri),  Edwin  Dwight  Smith 
(Missouri),  Malcolm  Phelps  Post  (Ohio  State),  Oliver  Thul  Johnson 
(Missouri),  Hugh  Beverly  Hill  (Arkansas),  Thomas  Robertson  Hill  (Ar- 
kansas), William  Hendry  Prentice,  Jr.  ( Purdue), Thos.  Hendricks  David 
(Purdue),  Royal  Lee  Bunch  (William  Jewell),  Carter  Richard  Bishop 
(William  Jewell),  Bartlett  Roper  Bishop  (William  Jewell),  Walter  Frank 
Koken  (Missouri),  John  Henry  Rogers,  Jr.  (Purdue),  Roscoe  Florence  An- 
derson (Missouri),  Patrick  Henry  Aylett  (William  and  Mary),  William 
Smith  Warner  (Wisconsin),  Rockwell  Smith  Brank  (Virginia)  and  Rich- 
ard Thomas  Brownrigg  (Sewanee).  Charter  members:  William  Brownlow 
Latta,  Harry  Field  Parker,  Robert  Funkhouser,  Sargent  F.  Jones,  David 
Carson  Goodman,  and  Oscar  Kilby.  Total  number  of  initiates,  32 ;  de- 
ceased  members,    I. 

Beta-Tau,  seventy-sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Baker 
University,  Baldwin,  Kans.,  on  Feb.  2,  1903.  Local  society,  "Skull  and 
Bones,"  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  Charles  Richardson  (Emory 
and  Henry),  and  Denny  Coulter  Simrall,  Hume  Stanley  White,  Esty 
Angus  Julian,  Madison  Smith  Slaughter,  Lewis  Wilbur  Cohen,  Ray- 
mond Prewitt  Estil,  and  John  Frank  Guyton,  all  of  William  Jewell. 
Charter  members :  Arthur  Roy  Bowman,  Walter  Hodgin  Case,  Alpha 
Mills  Ebright,  Rollo  Wood  Coleman,  Charles  Everett  Ely,  Edwin  Adam 
Britsch,  Jesse  Cecil  Denious,  Burr  Howey  Ozment,  Don  Earl  Waggoner, 
Wm.  Wesley  Rubel,  Henry  Farrar  Durkee,  Jesse  Howard  Moore,  Arden 
Heman  Douglass,  and  Samuel  Everett  Urner.  Total  number  of  initi- 
ates,   49;    deceased   members,   0. 

Beta-Upsilon,  seventy-seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
North  Carolina  College  of  Agriculture  and  Mechanic  Arts,  Raleigh, 
N.  C,  on  Feb.  23,  1903.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Herbert  Milton 
Martin  (Randolph-Macon),  Charles  William  Burkett  (Ohio  State), 
Daniel  Price  Withers  (Virginia),  Albert  Fuller  Patton  (Hampden- 
Sidney),  Hugh  O'Keefe  Kendrick  (Georgia  Tech.),  John  Chester 
Kendall  (New  Hampshire),  Daniel  Shuford  Murph  (Wofford),  Der- 
mot  Shemwell  (Davidson),  Thomas  Walter  Smith,  Jr.  (Trinity), 
Lemuel  Hardy  Gibbons  (Trinity),  Wilson  Grinter  Puryear  (Trinity), 
Robert  Anderson  Brown  (Trinity),  Charles  Gibbons  (Trinity).  Lloyd 
Kirby  Wooten  (Trinity),  William  Archer  Brown  (Trinity),  Charles 
Thomas  Woollen  (North  Carolina),  Lawrence  Archdale  Tomlinson  (Trin- 


APPENDIX  B  157 

ity),  and  William  Lawrence  Grimes  (North  Carolina).  Charter  members: 
Leslie  Norwood  Boney,  Charles  Leicester  Creech,  Eugene  English  Cul- 
breth,  Walter  Lee  Darden,  Edward  Hayes  Ricks,  Jarvis  Benjamin  Hard- 
ing, Branton  Eaison  Huggins,  William  Richardson,  Jr.,  William  Miller 
Chambers,  Frederic  Watson  Hadley,  George  Green  Lynch,  Jr.,  Charles 
Wigg  Martin,  James  Hicks  Pierce,  Edward  Griffith  Porter,  Jr.,  Ch'irles 
Tennent  Venable,  and  Lewis  Taylor  Winston.  Total  number  of  initi- 
ates, 42;   deceased   members,   o. 

Beta-Phi,  seventy-eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Case 
School  of  Applied  Science,  Cleveland,  O.,  on  Nov.  26,  1903.  Local  so- 
ciety, Phi  Alpha  Chi,  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment:  Mark  Sands 
(Michigan),  George  Locke  Crosby  (Millsaps),  Dwight  Spencer  Anderson 
(Ohio  State  University),  Edward  Bovey  Armbruster  (Ohio  State), 
Sberman  Bronson  Randall  (Ohio  State),  William  Benson  Wal- 
ling (Stanford).  James  Leonard  Moore  (Arkansas),  Nathaniel  Gardi- 
ner Symonds  (Stanford),  Victor  Emile  Thebaud  (Cornell),  and  Her- 
bert Coward  (Cornell).  Charter  members:  Rudolph  Armandos  Droege. 
Arthur  Edwin  Schaefer,  Raymond  Bertram  Perry,  Irving  Fink  Laucks. 
Egbert  Ricbard  Morrison,  Hallie  Summerville  Hall,  Paul  Payson  Elliott. 
Myrl  John  Falkenburg,  Orrie  John  Mills,  Herbert  Harlow  Freese,  and 
Alvah  Meade  Clark.     Total  number  of  initiates,  41  ;  deceased  members,  o. 

Beta-Chi,  seventy-ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  Mis- 
souri School  of  Mines,  Rolla,  Mo.,  on  Dec.  19,  1903.  Sponsors  at  estab- 
lishment;  Charles  Richardson  (Emory  and  Henry),  Denny  Coulter  Sim- 
rail  (William  Jewell),  Flippin  Martin  Cook  (Arkansas),  Clifton  Langs- 
dale  (Missouri),  Oliver  Thul  Johnson  (Missouri),  and  Esty  Angus  Julian 
(William  Jewell).  Charter  members:  John  Severin  Schroeder,  Jr.,  Les- 
lie Burson  Emry,  Matthew  Vincent  Quinn,  Charles  Le  Clair  King,  Orsi 
Paul  Allee,  George  Horton  Blackman,  Henry  Hartzell,  Jr.,  David  Chop- 
lin  Evans,  Dale  Coleman  Barnard,  and  Walter  White  McMillen.  Total 
number  of  initiates,  29;  deceased  members,  0. 

Beta-Psi,  eightieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the  University 
of  Washington,  Seattle,  Wash.,  on  Dec.  15,  1903.  Sponsors  at  establish- 
ment: Frederic  Jewell  Perry  (Stanford),  William  Robert  Bell  (Mary- 
land Military  and  Naval),  and  Roy  Overman  Hadley  (Stanford).  Char- 
ter members:  Winford  Lee  Lewis,  John  Charles  Rathbun,  Arthur  Roy 
Terpening,  Frank  Vedder  Taylor,  and  John  Ruskin  Slattery.  Total 
number  of  initiates,  32;   deceased  members,  0. 

Beta-Omeca,  eighty-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Colorado 
College,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.,  on  March  12,  1904:  Local  society  Phi 
Upsilon  Sigma  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  John  Randolph  Xeal 
(Tennessee),  Justin  Hiram  Haynes  (Denver),  St.  George  Tucker  (Wil- 
liam and  Mary),  George  Warner  Mosher  (Wisconsin),  William  Edward  ' 
Foley  (Denver),  Charles  Frederick  Morris  (Denver),  Davis  McArthur 
Carson  (Denver),  Robert  Morrison  Drysdale  (Denver),  George  Berkeley 


158  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

Holderer  (Denver),  and  Frank  Leslie  Veatch  (Denver).  Charter  mem- 
bers :  James  McClure  Piatt,  George  Gardner,  Jr.,  William  John  Wallrich, 
Elliot  Eugene  Reyer,  Augustus  Du  Bois  Forbush,  Charles  School  Leuch- 
tenburg,  Philip  Fitch,  Walter  Christopher  Tegtmeyer,  and  Albert  Cobert. 
Total   number   of  initiates,   28;    deceased  members,   o. 

Gamma-Alpha,  eighty-second  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Oregon,  Eugene,  Ore.,  on  April  16,  1904.  Sponsors  at  es- 
tablishment: Frederic  Jewell  Perry  (Stanford),  and  Schiller  Brents 
Hermann  (Washington  and  Lee).  Charter  members:  Walter  Lincoln 
Whittlesey,  John  Frederick  Staver,  Charles  Lois  Campbell,  David  Gra- 
ham, Vernor  Wayne  Tomlinson.  Chester  Wesley  Washburne,  Ivan  Ed- 
ward Oakes,  Cloan  Norris  Perkins,  James  Franklin  Donnelly,  Chester 
Harvard  Starr,  John  Randolph  Latourette,  Harry  Logan  Raffety,  Harley 
Glafke,  Gordon  Chamberlain  Moores  and  John  Currin  Veatch.  Total  num- 
ber of  initiates,  28 ;   deceased  members,  0. 

Gamma-Beta,  eighty-third  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Chicago,  Chicago,  111.,  on  May  11,  1904.  Local  society 
"The  Bronze  Shield"  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Mark  Sands 
(Michigan),  Robert  Allen  Lackey  (Purdue),  Jesse  Elmer  Roberts  (Mich- 
igan), Edwin  Calhoun  Arthur  (Iowa),  Robert  Franklin  Carr,  Jr.  (Illi- 
nois), Augustus  Ruffner  (West  Virginia),  Walter  Scott  Carr  (Illinois), 
Chas.  Chandler  (Swarthmore),  Frank  Howe  Cornell  (Illinois),  and 
others.  Charter  members :  Samuel  Crawford  Ross,  James  Roy  Ozanne, 
Lyford  Paterson  Edwards,  Edward  Lyman  Cornell,  Henry  Winford  Bige- 
low,  Jr.,  John  Frederick  Tobin,  Paul  Temple  Ramsey,  Bernard  Iddings 
Bell,  and  Edward  Grattan  Ince.  Total  number  of  initiates,  26;  deceased 
members,  o. 

Gamma-Gamma,  eighty-fourth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
Colorado  School  of  Mines,  Golden,  Col.,  on  May  21,  1904.  Sponsors  at 
establishment:  John  Randolph  Neal  (Tennessee),  Wilbur  Franklin  Den- 
ious  (Denver),  John  Morledge  Woy  (Wisconsin),  Scott  Watson  (Mill- 
saps),  Davis  McArthur  Carson  (Denver),  James  Rumney  Killian  (Tex- 
as), Frederic  Richter  Wright  (Denver),  Clarence  Atkins  Ward  (Denver), 
William  Edward  Foley  (Denver),  Frank  Leslie  Veatch  (Denver), 
Charles  Frederic  Morris  (Denver),  George  Berkeley  Holderer  (Den- 
ver), and  others.  Charter  members:  Davis  MacArthur  Carson,  Scott 
Watson,  John  Jerome  Cory,  Joseph  Francis  O'Byrne,  Ernest  Frederick 
Stoeckley,  Edward  Merewether,  Ralph  Wyatt  Shumway,  and  Maynard 
James  Trott.     Total  number  of  initiates,  29;   deceased  members,  o. 

Gamma-Delta,  eighty-fifth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
Massachusetts  State  College,  Amherst,  Mass.,  on  June  13,  1904.  Local  so- 
ciety D.  G.  K.,  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Jeremiah  Sweetser 
Ferguson  (Maine),  Frank  Stevens  Tolman  (Maine),  Lincoln  Ross  Col- 
cord  (Maine),  George  Hoxsie  Stickney  (Cornell),  Jesse  Leonti  Bliss 
(Cornell),    Charles   Austin    Coburn    (Vermont),    Irwin    Spear    (Vermont, 


APPENDIX  B  159 

Xorris  W.  Chapman  (Vermont),  Harley  W.  Heath  (Vermont),  and 
Xeill  Starr  Franklin  (Xew  Hampshire).  Charter  members:  Clifford 
Franklin  Elwood,  Reuben  Raymond  Raymoth,  John  Franklin  Lyman, 
Bertram  Tupper,  James  Richard  Keiton,  Charles  Sheldon  Holcomb,  Harold 
Koss  Tompson.  Edward  Thorndike  Ladd,  Percy  Frederic  Williams,  Alex- 
ander 1  len rv  .Moore,  Everett  Pike  Mudge,  Herman  Augustus  Suhlke, 
Stanley  Sawyer  Rogers,  Edwin  Hobart  Scott,  Charles  Walter  Carpenter, 
Arthur  Huguenin  Armstrong,  Arthur  William  Higgins,  George  Franklin 
Smith,  Calder  Sankey  Stoddard,  George  Augustus  Dearth,  Joseph  Otis 
Chapman,  and  Harold  Edward  Alley.  Total  number  of  initiatese,  101 ; 
deceased  members,  i. 

Gamma-Epsilon,  eighty-sixth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Dart- 
mouth College,  Hanover,  N.  H.,  on  April  n,  1905.  Local  society  Beta  Gam- 
ma absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Jeremiah  Sweetser  Ferguson 
(Maine),  Homer  Francis  Brown  (Maine),  and  others.  Charter  members: 
Frederick  Warren  Jenkins,  Albion  Keith  Spofford,  Carl  Folsom  Getch- 
ell,  Homer  Francis  Brown,  Harry  Allen  McMore,  Joseph  Augustine 
O'Connor,  Floyd  Tangier  Smith,  Jerome  Ambrose  McDonald,  and  Wal- 
ter Goble  Wehrle.     Total  number  of  initiates,  32;   deceased  members,  o. 

Gamma-Zeta,  eighty-seventh  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  New 
York  University,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  on  April  6,  1905.  Sponsors  at  es- 
tablishment: Jeremiah  Sweetser  Ferguson  (Maine),  Guy  Thomas  Visk- 
niskki  (Swarthmore),  Frederic  Lee  Stone  (Sewanee),  William  Labaree 
Flye  (Bowdoin),  John  Taylor  Green  (Purdue),  Louis  Warner  Riggs 
(Maine),  Sidney  Rawson  Perry  (Washington  and  Lee),  Samuel  Bell 
Thomas  (Southwestern),  James  Bryson  McKeage  (Southwestern  Pres- 
byterian), Abner  McGehee,  Jr.  (Arkansas),  William  Watson  Wyckoff 
(Brown),  Byron  Albert  Kilbourne  (Cornell),  and  others.  Charter  mem- 
bers :  Richard  Joshua  Brown,  George  William  Bartelmez,  Willis  Brooks 
Davis,  Alfred  Starr  Griffiths,  Charles  McAvoy,  Edwin  McQueen,  Ad- 
rian Charles  Griffin,  George  Scudder  Jervis,  and  Christian  Henry  Von 
Bargen.     Total  number  of  initiates,    15;   deceased  members,  o. 

Gamma-Eta,  eighty-eighth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Har- 
vard University,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  on  June  24,  1905.  Local  society  Pi 
Upsilon  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Stanley  Watkins  Martin 
(Virginia  Polytechnic),  Jeremiah  Sweetser  Ferguson  (Maine).  George 
Hoxsie  Stickney  (Cornell),  Joseph  Sterry  Lamson  (California),  Samuel 
Townsend  Stewart  (Swarthmore).  James  Thompson  McDonald  (Wash- 
ington and  Jefferson),  Robert  Emmett  Craig  (Southwestern  Presby- 
terian), members  of  the  Boston  Alumni  Chapter,  and  representatives 
from  the  New  England  Chapters.  Charter  members :  Charles  Luther 
(  Hds,  Jr.,  Norman  Devereux  Olds.  James  Thayer  Fenner,  Arthur  Pray 
Rice,  Lyman  Calvin  Goodrich,  Robert  Carver  Diserens,  Philip  Wescott 
Lawrence  Cox.  Lawrence  Burns  Webster,  Arthur  Evans  Wood,  Ralph 
William  Smiley.  Henry  Odin  Tilton.  George  Edwin   Eversole,   Raymond 


160  THE  KAPPA  SIGMA  BOOK 

John  Scully,  Harries  Arthur  Mumma,  Clifford  Warren  Maish,  and 
Arthur  Edwin  Van  Bibber.  Total  number  of  initiates,  29;  deceased  mem- 
bers, o. 

Gamma-Theta,  eighty-ninth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Idaho,  Moscow,  Id.,  on  Sep.  30,  1905.  Local  society  Sig- 
ma Delta  Alpha  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  Frederic  Jewell 
Perry  (Stanford),  Frederick  Joseph  Carver  (Nebraska),  Philip  Tin- 
dall  (George  Washington),  William  Kelly  Roosevelt  (Stanford),  Brice 
Loveland  Trost  (Stanford),  and  Verne  Cecil  Hurlbut  (Stanford).  Char- 
ter members :  Roy  Wethered,  Floyd  Dwight  Angel,  James  "William  Gal- 
loway, Victor  Emanuel  Price,  Nicholas  Collins  Sheridan,  Louis  James 
Fogle,  William  Madison  Snow,  Harry  Baxter  Noble,  C.  C.  Gee,  George 
Herbert  Wyman,  Jr.,  William  Wilson  Goble,  Thomas  Dunlap  Matthews, 
Thomas  Estil  Hunter,  William  Enderle  Robertson,  Wilfred  Adamson. 
William  Nelson  Thomas,  Harry  T.  Hunter,  and  John  Francis  Carson. 
Total  number  of  initiates,  29 ;   deceased  members,  o. 

Gamma-Iota,  ninetieth  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  Syracuse 
University,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  on  May  15,  1906.  Sponsors  at  establishment : 
Jeremiah  Sweetser  Ferguson  (Maine),  Almon  Andrus  Jaynes  (Brown), 
Claude  Burton  Dakin  (Brown),  Willard  Albertson  Rill  (George  Wash- 
ington), Reenen  Jacob  Van  Reenen  (Lehigh),  Samuel  Henry  Salisbury,  Jr. 
(Lehigh),  Edwin  McQueen  (New  York),  and  Austin  Wright  Eddy  (New 
York).  Charter  members:  Garrett  Putnam  Serviss  Cross,  Frederick- 
Joseph  Shepherd,  Daniel  Henry  Brooks,  William  Ross  Van  Housen,  Gran- 
ville "Avery  Waters,  William  Francis  Evans,  Charles  Eugene  De  Long, 
Walter  F.  Shaw,  Charles  Stuart  Knight,  Walter  Rollo  Hibbard,  and 
Ebenezer  Merritt  Larkin.  Total  number  of  initiates,  18;  deceased  mem- 
bers, o. 

Gamma-Kappa,  ninety-first  chapter  chartered.  Established  at  the 
University  of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Okla.,  on  June  7,  1906.  Local  so- 
ciety Alpha  Delta  Sigma  absorbed.  Sponsors  at  establishment :  David 
Connolly  Hall  (Brown),  George  Carl  Abernathy  (Arkansas),  Theo- 
dore Plumber  Bringhurst  (Southwestern  Presbyterian),  Clarence  Charles 
Buxton  (William  Jewell),  Charles  Ulrich  Connellee  (Arkansas),  and 
Thomas  Finley  Munday  (Bethel).  Charter  members:  Homer  Charles 
Washburn,  William  Hancock  Low,  Charles  Daniel  Johnson,  Arthur 
Maxwell  Alden,  Arthur  Roberts  Swank.  William  Gladstone  Lemmon, 
Ralph  Harold  Dangerfield,  Walter  Lee  Ransom,  Earl  Tobias  Miller, 
Frederick  Leroy  Allen,  Frederick  Marion  Trotter,  Clarence  Alexander 
Ambrister,  and  George  Lawrie  Kellar.  Total  number  of  initiates,  12; 
deceased  members,  o. 


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