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THE    tilFT   OF 


y.;-sic^Vs.:^-VA) 


ILLINOIS 
STATE   HISTORICAL  LIBRARY 


BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES 

Edmund  Janes  James,  Ckairman 

McKendree  Hypes  Cuamberlin,    Vice-President 


Jessie  Palmer  Weber,  Librarian 


ADVISORY  COMMISSION 

EVARTS  BOUTELL  GrEENE 

James  Alton  James 
Andrew  Cunningham  McLaughlin 
Charles  Carleton  Page 
Charles  Henry  Rammelkahp 
Clarence  Walworth  Alvord 

fecial  Editor  of  Publications 


COLLECTIONS 

OF  THE 

ILLINOIS  STATE  HISTORICAL 
LIBRARY 

VOLUME  V 


VIRGINIA  SERIES 

-VOLUME  11. 


KASKASKIA  RECORDS 

1778-1790 


COLLECTIONS  OF  THE  ILLINOIS  STATE  HISTORICAL  LIB 

VOLUME  V 


VIRGINIA   SERIES,  VOLUME  II 

KASKASKIA    RECOR] 

1778-1790 


EotTBD  WITH  IimoDucrtoN  and  Notks 

CLARENCE  WALWORTH  ALVORD 

UNIVERSITV  OF  ILLUfOIS 


PUBLtSBBD  BY  THE  TRUSTKES  of  TRB 

ILLINOIS   STATE   HISTORICAL  LIBRARY 

SPRINGFIELD.  ILUNOIS 
1909 


CorvKIGHT,  igog 

Tarn  Iiiwois  Statb  Hiffrowcu.  Lwrarv 


K.  X.  DOmrXLLBV  *  aOMSCOKPANV 
CHICAGO 


f. 


ConmiGMT,  IgoQ 


LlBKARV 


i 


CHICA,^™"'"'^ 


In  this,  the  second  volume  of  the  Virginia  Scries,  wi 
found  most  of  the  unprinted  sources  used  in  \vriting  the  ] 
duction  of  the  first  volume.  Some  very  important  docur 
that  will  be  missed  are  to  be  printed  in  succeeding  vo\ 
devoted  to  the  career  of  George  Rogers  Clark,  now 
prepared  by  Professor  J.  A.  James  of  Northwestern  Ui 
sity.  These  will  be  ready  for  the  press  by  the  end  c 
year.  This  series  when  completed  will  contain  pract 
all  the  extant  sources  for  the  history  of  Illinois  durin 
period,  with  the  exception  of  some  Virginia  material  i 
accessible  in  the  Calendar  of  Virginia  Slate  Papers 
some  British  sources  already  printed  in  the  Collcctio 
the  historical  societies  of  Wisconsin  and  Michigan.  4 
a  fairly  complete  picture  of  Illinois  during  the  years 
to  1790  will  be  found  in  some  ten  volumes. 

The  great  majority  of  the  documents  printed  here 
been  hitherto  inaccessible  to  students  except  in  manui 
form.  It  has  not  been  my  purpose  to  Include  in  the  vc 
material  previously  published  in  well-known  collec 
unless  there  was  some  special  purpose  to  be  served.  ' 
the  documents  illustrating  the  activities  of  Thomas  Be 
have  been  given  a  place,  because  so  many  of  the  Fi 
letters,  memorials,  and  records  were  concerned  wit) 
career.  Yet  all  the  Bentley  material  is  not  included 
cause  much  of  it  had  little  bearing  oa  Illinois  history 
most  of  the  material  has  already  been  published  ti 
Michigan  HkUmcal  Collections.    In  the  first  chapter 


vi  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

vice,  whenever  I  have  made  demands  upon  them.  From 
Mr.  Benjamin  Suite  of  Ottawa,  Canada,  I  received  many 
valuable  biographical  notes;  and  to  my  colleagues  Professor 
Raymond  Weeks  and  Mr.  Louis  Imbert  of  the  Romance 
Department  I  am  also  greatly  indebted  for  assistance  in  the 
translation.  The  index  has  been  prepared  by  Miss  Mary 
G.  Doherty. 

Clarence  Walworth  Alvord. 
Urbama,  Ilunois, 

September,  1909. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 


List  or  Abbreviations         ..... 

ItTTRODUCTION 

Chapter  I.    The  PRELimE 

George  Morgan  and  the  American  irndrn;  complaials  of  BenlJcy 
and  Murray  against  KochcliUve;  Clark's  spies  in  Kaskaskla;  rtcnt- 
Icy*»  arrc*t  tiiid  hU  jitslification;  Liculcnant  Governor  Hamillon's  re- 
port ;  the  Court  of  finiiuir)-  cxnrcralc»  Kochcblave;  Bentley**  reUtions 
iK-ilh  ibe  Anicricaiis;    an  atuck  expected. 

Cbapter  II.    The  Rule  of  the  Virginia  Sousiebs  in  Illojok, 
Jcr.Y  4,  177S,  TO  May  la,  1779 

Govemnr  Hcniy  appoints  Winston  captain;  Ccrri  writes  to  Clait; 
Fattier  Gibaull,  Dr.  LiilTont,  and  llie  MibmiMJon  uf  Vinvetines;  S^ 
(tuin's  accDunii  Gabriel  Ccrré;  HArrod  und  Wiliianw  bonuw  money; 
Instructions  w  Clark:  a  proclamation  concerning  slavos;  Bentley'a 
friend*!    John  Todd  .ippcan:   Father  Oibault  sells  some  land. 

Chapter  til.    The  Beginnings  op  Civii.  Government,  May 

13  TO  No\t:mber  li,  1779 

Speeches  by  Clark  and  Todd;  elections  and  appointmenta;  presen- 
tation of  grievances;  exports  prohibited;  money  diflicultics;  John 
Dodgcescapcsfromcaplivity;  leasiona  of  the  Court  ;  lettersfruin  Todd; 
disordrnin  Katkftxkin^  Montgonirr}'cotleclK  supplies;  ihe  peltry  fund; 
prohlbiiion  oC  the  liquor  traific;  refusal  of  more  supplies;  an  estimate 
of  Todd's  adminbtmlion. 

Chapter  IV.    The  Court  and  the  Militahv,  No\tmber  15, 

1779,  to  June  8,  1780 1 

Difficulties  of  ibc  Diililary  ;  Bentley  escapes  from  captivity  ;  bhabl- 
Unta  petition  and  the  Court  aaserta  Its  dignity;  letter  from  Governor 
Jefferson;  the  pclliy  fund  again;  Montgomery  thntatcns  to  use  fon»; 
Girault  complains  of  the  Cottrt;  an  agent  of  France  In  the  West;  Jt^ui 
Dodge  reports. 

Chapter  V.    The  Summer  of  1780,  June  to  October 

Colonel  dc  la  Dalme  at  Fort  Pill;  Bentley  writes  to  the  British  and 
American  ufficen;  RochcbUre  to  Haldimacid;  De  la  Balme  address^ 
the  Itlinois  French;  memoiialof  griicvanre»;  Winston  writes  of  wrooga; 
departure  uf  Manigomcry;  petition  to  tbe  French  ininblcr. 

vii 


ym 


CONTENTS 


CSAPTEB    VI.    Tiir,   Triumvibate,    Octobeh    1 8,    1780,    TO 

March,  1781 ac 

Bentley  writes  to  his  enemies;  John  Rogers,  mftkcs  demands; 
the  nugL<tritcs  complain  of  further  c^iactioru;  Gcot^  Moi;gan 
write*  li>  Dudgc;  Captkiii  Rogcn  IhreatrnK  and  Ihe  mogisCnitcc  show 
somcRpiril;  Caplsin  Iî«ot^  sends  his  sympathy;  accounts  of  mbjiinn- 
agement;  Winitun  criticises  the  Court;  Thomas  Bentley  refuses  to 
take  the  oath  of  allegiance;  he  appeals  to  Virginin;  Richnn]  M'Cnrty 
b  appoinicri  commivcioncr  to  ViiginiA  and  makes  his  will;  a  m^ 
morial  to  the  governor;    Captain  Janb  writes  of  Dc  lu  Balme. 

Chapter    VII.    The    Government   or   the    Magistrates, 

Mabcs,  i78i,to  April,  1783       ...... 

William  Shannon  writes  to  Clark;  Joseph  La-huxien;  rierre  I..ang- 
lois  demands  eipljinations;  Winston  defends  his  rights  uf  appointment; 
he  itcruses  the  Court  nf  tymnny;  Jact^ueS  Lasource  defends  the  Court; 
a  new  election  of  mugis  t  ml  es. 

Cbapter  VIII.    The   Struggle  ros:  Ascendency   Between 
Dodge,   Winston,   and    the  Coltrt,  April  to  Novem- 
ber, 1782  .  .... 

John  Dodge  arrests  Richard  Winston;  the  latter  protests;  Labusiere 
eiumincs  witneisrs;  the  inhubllnntK  mtike  «ime  suggestions;  an  election 
at  Prairie  du  Rochet;  .\raeri(ans  at  Bellefotiiaiue  petition  for  a.  Court; 
the  election;  international  (iiplomacy  on  the  hanks  of  the  Mississippi: 
a  new  election  at  Kaakaakia;  Witulon  writes  to  the  new  ma^stratcs; 
Carbonncaux  sells  out;  records  of  the  sescEona  of  the  Court. 

Chapter  IX.    The  Coming  op  the  Commissioners  from  Vik- 
DiNiA,  November,  1782,  TO  March,  1783  .... 

The  shyness  of  the  wilne«cs;  Winston  and  Carbonneaux  prepare 
to  go  to  Virginia;  the  rornmiuioiters  send  an  announcement  to  Illinois; 
Winston  confers  bis  commission  of  county-licutcnnnt  on  De  Monbreun; 
letters  concerning  ihe  services  of  ihc  new  couiuy- lieu  tenant;  the  tnhabi- 
tanu  send  two  tncmorials  to  the  commissioncn;  Dodge  writes  of  his 
accounts;  the  rrprescntativea  from  Ulinols  ait  late;  the  death  of 
RirbanI  Winston. 

Chapter  X.    The  ,\scendency  op  John  Dodge,  March,  1783, 
TO  Accost  14,  1786 

r^nd-granls  to  Dodge;    Rochchlaw  again;   Aymé  Comte,  judge; 
De  Monbreun  enumerate*  hi*  services;   a  fragment  ol  a  eourt-tword; 
Dodge's  faction  pcliitoiia  Congress;    sodoes  Carbonneaux;     reports 
of  Congressional  committees;   the  county-ticutcnant  uphold»  the  dig- 


CONTENTS 


nit^of  the  United  Staus;  an  «ccounlof  Ibegreat  frcslwt;   John  Edgar 
wrilei  lo  Clark;   lh«  French  faction  petitions  Congmu;   Gabriel  Cerré 

answcn  (questions. 

Chapter  XI.    The  Fhench  Assert  Themselves,  August  14, 

1786,  TO  AUOUST,  1787 31 

De  Monbrcun  appoinu  Barbau  county-lieutcnanl;  a  resotuUon  of 
Congress;  Bouv«t  acts  as  judge;  /VIdcr  and  Edgar  write  to  Clark;  news 
from  CongTMs;  Madame  Bentley;  the  n-vlval  uf  the  Court;  [^ruposcd 
duties  of  wcAtcm  coram issioner;  The  French  judges  protest  against 
Americnn  judges;   (he  agieemcnt;  census  of  the  District  of  Kaakaskia. 

C11APTF.K  XII.    The  Coking  07  Colonel  Habuab  as  Told  by 
A  Small  Fachon  op  the  Fbenoi,  August,  1787 

Father  de  lu  Valinître  writes  of  John  Dodge;  his  account  of  Tardi- 
veau  and  Harmar;  a  picture  of  the  tytanny  of  Dodge;  Madame  Dent- 
ley  petitions  Cungreis  ;  Lan^ois  writes  concerning  Tardii-nu'ii  mission. 

Chapter  XIII.  Barthelemi  Tarci\*eau  Appeals  to  the  Con- 
TrNKNTAL  Congress,  August,  1787,  to  September  17, 178S  . 
The  coDliacU  made  ;  tlic  case  of  ihe  Americans  and  French  stated  ; 
Flint  and  Parker  petition  for  land;  Tardlvcau  defends  himself:  per- 
saasiveaigumenl.i;  an  unfamrablc  report;  thedelayof  the  new  governor 
will  be  fatal  ;  George  Morgan  forma  a  land  company  ;  a  more  favorable 
report;  Tanlîvcau  not  satisiied;  Congcesi  faron  Morgan'.t  plun  ttut 
makes  concessions  lo  (he  French  and  Americans;  Morgan  makes 
(uitber  dcumnds;  alterailons  [n  the  bill  of  June  30;  Turdiveau's  last 
memoriaJ;  some  lost  letters. 

Chapter  X!V.    The  Climax  of  Anarchy,  Aucdst,  1787,  to 
March  5,1790 ^ 

Justice  by  arbitmion  ;   the  letter?  of  Major  Hamtramck;   the  emi- 
gration to  the  Spanish  bank;  the  hostility  of  the  Indians;  a  new  court        I 
at  Vincenncs;   the  question  of  slavery  in  the  Northwest;  a  [wtition  for        I 
help  from  Kaskaski;!;    John  l^clgJl^  dc«rrilxs  conditions:     John  Rke 
Jones  writer  of  t}ie  aoarJiy. 

Chapter  XV.    rccxesiAsrifALLETTERs,  1780  to  1792 

Father  Gibaulc  writes  (o  Clark;  the  same  denies  that  he  assisted  the 
Americans;  Edgar  and  Toumier  complain  of  Father  St.  Pierre;  Father 
Gibault  describes  cfMiditions;  Father  de  la  Valinftrt  and  Ihe  inhabi- 
tants of  Cahokin;  a  description  of  the  Cahokia  Mia^'on;  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Kaikaikkia  complain  of  tlie  vicar-general;  the  priests  petition 
for  appoiniment  in,  Canada;  correspondence  of  (he  bishops  coneerning 
the  West;   Bidwp  Canoll  writes  to  Father  GIbauIt. 

List  op  Documents        ....... 

Index 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS 


Portrait  of  Gabriel  Cerré 
Facsimile  o?  Coicuission  to  Winston 
Facsiuile  of  Laffont's  Letter 
Facsimile  of  French  Names 
Facsimile  of  Ballot  Sheet 
Portrait  of  John  Rice  Jones 
Facsimile  of  American  Names 
Portrait  of  Father  Gibadlt 


paoi 
Frontispiece 

47 

SO 
n9 
301 
436 

444 
S18 


XI 


■ 

IHH 

^^^^^"       LIST  OF  .ABBREVIATIONS                  ^^^^ 

^m      A.  D.  s.  - 

Autograph  Document  ^giwd.                              ^^^^^| 

H        A.  L.  S.  =• 

Autograph  Letter  Signed.                                            ^^^| 

H        B.  M.  = 

British  Museum.    All  the  dtKumenls  from  B.  M.        ^^^| 

^K 

herein  ))nnlcd,  arc  from  the  Haldimand  Col-         ^^H 

^B 

^^H 

^M        Can.  Arch.  B.  = 

Canadian  Archives,  Haldimand  CoUecUun.                ^^^| 

H       C.  C.  Pp.  = 

Continental  Congress  Pa|>ers.                                     ^^^| 

H        C.  MSS.  = 

Cabokia  Manuscript*),                                                     ^^^| 

^1        Draper  MSS.,  4SJ28 

s  Draper  Manuscript-s,  Clarlc  Papers,  vol.  48,  p.  «6  ;         ^^H 

^M 

3W3g  =  Harmar  Papers,  etc.                                 ^^H 

H       D.  S. 

Document  Signed.                                                       ^^H 

H 

^H 

H        K.  MSS.  = 

Kaskoskia  Manuscripts.                                             ^^^| 

H 

Letter  Signed                                                              ^^H 

H        M.  C,  T.  MSS.  = 

Menard  Collection,  Tardiveau  Manuscripts.               ^^H 

H  ' 

With  Italics:  editorial  explanations  within  docu-         ^^H 

mcnts  or  translations-                                              ^^H 

H   ' 

With  Roman  :  words  supplied  by  editor  in  docu-         ^^H 

^p 

ments  or  translations.                                               ^^H 

(  )= 

In  document,  implied  in  document,  or  supplied         ^^H 

punctuation.                                                             ^^H 

The  manuscript  collections  of  the  above  list  arc  described  in  Illinois         ^^| 

Historkai  CoiUdiûns 

1 

^H 

i 

INTRODUCTION 

The  successive  pictures  presented  in  the  following  pages 
are  those  of  a  Frencli  frontier  community  thrown  into  con- 
fusion by  the  extension  to  it  of  the  forces  of  a  civil  conflict 
in  which  its  citizens  had  relatively  little  interest.  When 
the  Revolutionar)'  War  developed  into  a  world  conflict, 
the  villages  of  the  Illinois  country,  neglected  for  the  past 
two  decades  by  their  successive  masters,  were  drawn  into 
the  maelstrom  of  war  and  politics;  and  the  interests  of  their 
inliabitanls,  whose  chief  occupation  was  the  buying  and  sell- 
ing of  furs,  were  disturbed  by  forces  external  to  themselves; 
and  the  destiny  of  the  land  they  occupied  became  the  subject 
of  serious  diplomatic  correspondence  between  four  nations- 
After  the  close  of  the  war,  while  the  United  States  were 
adjusting  themselves  to  the  new  conditions  preparatory  to 
taking  possession  of  the  western  territory,  there  followed 
for  this  frontier  community  a  most  painful  period.  During 
these  >Tars  the  Illinois  villages  were  left  \vithout  provision 
for  their  government;  and  the  local  condition  became 
almost  unendurable  on  account  of  that  hopeless  anarchy  of 
which  these  pages  furnish  so  many  proofs. 

In  Volume  I  of  this  scries  there  were  pre^nted  the  records 
of  Cahokia,  the  most  northern  of  the  French  villages  of  the 
American  Bottom.  The  reader  will  find  these  records  of 
Kaskaskia  more  dramatic  in  detail  and  denouement,  for 
the  village  was  the  political  center  of  the  territory,  and  its 
proximity  to  Kentucky  attracted  to  it  the  American  pioneers 
who  were  seeking  homes  or  were  occupying  land  with  which 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

to  speculate.  The  mingling  of  two  such  peoples,  alien  to 
each  other  in  language,  political  experience,  and  religion, 
within  the  small  community  created  a  dramatic  situation 
that  rtisulted  in  the  stirring  events  whose  story  is  here 
chrooicled.  That  story  was  the  subject  of  the  Introductior 
to  the  first  volume  of  this  series,  to  which  the  reader  is 
referred  for  an  interpretation  of  the  documents.' 

There  are  certain  problems  presented  by  the  printed 
documents,  however,  that  deserve  a  more  detailed  treat- 
ment than  the  form  of  the  introduction  to  the  series  per- 
mitted. These  are  so  unconnected  with  each  other  in 
chanu:ter  and  time  that  any  attempt  to  write  a  consecutive 
narrative  would  be  foreordained  to  failure.  It  will,  there- 
fore, be  excusable  if  this  introduction  is  thrown  into  a  form 
better  suited  to  its  limitations,  and  there  is  presented  a 
series  of  separate  problem  studies.  This  arrangement 
will  permit  a  diversity  in  manner  of  treatment  in  accord- 
ance with  the  requirements  of  the  subject-matter  of  each. 


I.    Thomas  Brntley  and  the  Occupation  of  tiik 
Illinois  CouNmv  in  1778 

The  historian  pursuing  that  elusiw  idea  called  truth 
is  happy  when,  after  collecting  all  available  material,  the 
testimony  of  the  sources  supplement  each  other  so  com- 
pletely that  he  can  declare:  "Thus  must  this  event  have 
happened,  and  not  otherwise."  Unfortunately  in  the  deter- 
mination of  some  most  elemental  truths  of  the  historical 
science  this  result  is  not  to  be  attained,  and  the  historian 
is  compelled  to  content  himself  with  approximately  true 
explanations.     Often  even  this  is  not  attainable;  and  the 

I  Stc  tu.  ttid.  CtBttU^m.  I. 


ÏHOiUS  BENTLEY  MiV  G.  R.  CLARK 


IVll 


residue  of  his  research  yields  a  plausible  hypothesis,  or 
perhaps  only  a  speculative  conception.  It  is  to  be  feared 
that  the  present  subject  under  investigation  can  be  regarded 
only  as  a  matter  for  speculation.  The  very  nature  of  the 
eWdence  adduced  is  such  that  no  assertion  of  proved  fact 
can  be  made  ;  yet  the  examination  of  the  sources  is  not  wholly 
idle,  since  it  may  lead  to  further  search,  by  which  a  truth 
may  be  ascertained;  or,  if  such  is  not  tlie  result,  still  it  may 
assist  some  future  student  in  interpreting  allied  facts  by 
pointing  out  the  possibility  of  distant  connections. 

The  more  one  studies  the  history  of  the  Illinois 
country  previous  to  and  during  the  Revolutionary  War, 
the  more  important  appear  the  commercial  activities  of  the 
resourceful  Thomas  Bentley.  Almost  nothing  is  known  of 
his  early  career.  He  went  from  London,  probably  soon 
after  the  French  and  Indian  W;ir,  to  West  Florida,  where 
he  established  a  store  at  Manchac.  From  here  he  traded 
in  furs  up  the  Mississippi.  The  date  when  he  transferred 
his  headquarters  to  Kaskaskia  is  unknown;  but  since  his 
name  does  not  ap[)ear  in  the  early  British  records,  that 
event  was  probably  not  earlier  than  the  seventies.  From  his 
first  appearance  in  Kaskaskia,  he  seems  to  have  managed 
a  successful  and  profitable  business.  In  1777,  when  he 
married  Marguerite  BauvaiSj  he  established  his  position 
in  the  commum"ly  on  a  firm  basis  by  allying  himself  with 
one  of  the  richest  and  most  important  French  families  in 
the  lUinois  country. 

Bentley  was  primarily  a  merchant,  seeking  first  of  all 
his  own  interests,  which  would  no  doubt  have  prospered 
had  not  the  war  between  the  colonies  and  Great  Britain 
offered  him  a  favorable  opportunity  for  scheming,  in  which 
his  mind  seems  to  have  taken  peculiar  delight.    In  this 


T.-m 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


he  was  actuated  solely  by  motives  of  self-interest,  and  he 
attempted  to  play  off  one  party  against  the  other  for  liis  own 
profit.  His  letters  printed  in  this  volume  and  elsewhere 
prove  his  adeptncss  in  double  dealing  and  the  unreliableness 
of  his  own  statements.  A  man  of  his  character  would  take 
good  care  to  cover  all  traces  of  his  duplicity,  particularly 
when  he  was  so  carefully  watched  by  the  suspicious  British 
agent,  Rocheblave,  so  that  it  is  not  surprising  that  the  evi- 
dence of  his  relation  to  Clark's  expedition  against  the  Illinois 
country  is  difficult  to  find  to-day.  Although  proofs  which 
may  have  once  existed  are  no  longer  cvtant,  there  arc  indi- 
cations of  some  interference  on  his  part  at  this  important 
crisis  in  the  affairs  of  Illinois.  These  do  not  furnish  an 
absolute  proof,  but  are  of  such  a  character  that  they  are 
worth  bringing  together  in  the  hope  that  some  document  may 
later  turn  up  which  will  either  establish  or  disprove  the  fact. 

The  external  circumstances  of  which  there  can  be  no 
doubt  are  these.  One  of  the  chief  needs  of  the  revolting 
colonies  was  gunpowder,  which  they  had  hitherto  imported 
from  England.  With  the  closing  of  this  source  of  supply, 
it  became  necessary  to  purchase  it  elsewhere;  and  this  need 
gave  occasion  for  one  of  the  boldest  undertakings  in  western 
annals.  On  July  19,  1776,  Captain  George  Gibson  of  the 
Virginia  line  and  Lieutenant  William  Linn  set  out  from 
Fort  Pitt  for  the  purpose  of  negotiatmg  a  purcha.se  in  New 
Orleans.  There  arose  in  that  city  some  difficulties  with  the 
Spanish  commandant  on  account  of  the  neutrality  laws, 
difficulties  which  were  happily  overcome;  and  the  gun- 
powder was  purchased  through  the  aid  of  Oliver  Pollock, 
the  agent  of  Virginia. 

With  forty-three  men  in  several  barges  Lieutenant  Linn 
departed  from  New  Orleans,  September  22,  to  return  with 


THOMAS  BKNTLEV  AND   G.  R.  CLARK 


XIX 


a  cargo  of  9,000  pounds  of  powder.  On  account  of  the 
lateness  of  the  season,  the  party  wintered  at  the  .'Vrkansas 
Post.  In  the  spring  the  Americans  started  again  north- 
ward and  reached  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio  on  March  3, 1777, 
and  passed  up  that  river  to  their  destination  in  safety.' 

The  problem  to  be  investigated  in  connection  with  this 
expedition  is  comprised  in  these  questions:  Did  Thomas 
Bcntley's  boat  meet  the  Americans;  and,  if  it  did,  was  a 
message  concerning  the  defenceless  condition  of  Kaskaslcia 
sent  to  Kentucky  or  elsewhere  by  Bentley;  did  Bentley 
invite  the  Americans  to  occupy  Illinois;  and  was  this  mes- 
sage conveyed  to  George  Rogers  Clark  ?  With  the  exception 
of  the  first»  no  one  of  the  questions  can  be  definitely  an- 
swered . 

The  fact  that  Bentley's  boat  actually  met  the  Americans 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio  appears  to  be  sufTiciently  proi'ed 
by  the  testimony  given  before  the  Court  of  Enquiry  estab- 
lished by  Rocheblavc.*  If  it  is  thought  that  the  principal 
witness  was  influencc<I  by  Rocheblave  to  swear  falsely,  other 
testimony  that  is  unimpeachable  exists.  Captain  Gil>son 
had  returned  from  New  Orleans  by  the  sea  and  gave  notice 
of  the  expected  arrival  of  Lieutenant  Linn.  On  January 
28,  1777,  Colonel  Dorsey  Pentecost  instructed  Captain 
William  Ilarrod  to  go  down  the  Ohio  to  the  assistance  of 
Linn.  In  his  letter  he  wrote:  "If  you  should  not  fall  in 
with  Captain  Linn  (who  superintends  and  Conducts  the 
said  Cargo)  before  you  arrive  at  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio,  I 
think  it  will  be  necessar)'  that  you  pass  U]>  the  Mississippi 
to  the  Kaskaskias  Village,  where  you  will  make  inquiry  & 


■  For  the  bbtntj  of  ihis  ctpecntion,  OMUull  ThwaitM  uid  KoUtwiX.  Hrvflmiim  m  Ute  Vfprr  Okia, 
pp.  ivD,  saQ. 

>Scc  /<Wf,  iMttmoDr  of  Uoloi,  p.  j4-    UcnCJirv  hinndf  Mknowlcdital  tlul  Kli  boAt  met  Lino  fa 
(he  linr,  ^if.  p.  ly 


XX 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


probably  meet  with  Captain  Linn  with  his  Cargo.'"  This 
would  prove  that  some  kind  of  aid  or  communication  was 
expected  from  Kaskaskia.  Another  piece  of  evidence  points 
to  Bentley  and  his  friends.  In  a  memorial  to  the  Virginia 
Legislature  in  r^Si,  Bentley's  faithful  follower  and  hench- 
man, Daniel  Murray,  asserted  that  his  brother  William, 
a  well-known  supporter  of  the  American  cause,  sent  him  a 
letter  from  New  Orleans  by  George  Gibson.  This  must 
have  been  in  1776  or  1777,  for  William  Murray  only  left 
Kaskaskia  for  New  Orleans  in  the  former  year,'  The 
probable  time  when  the  letter  wiis  brought  was  in  1777; 
and  it  must  have  been  carried  by  Linn's  boat  to  the  Ohio 
and  conveyed  by  Bentley's  boat  to  Kaskaskia. 

Although  Bentley's  boat  met  Linn  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Ohio,  did  it  convey  information  about  the  defenceless  con- 
dition of  Illinois  and  an  invitation  to  occupy  the  country? 
This  second  part  of  the  problem  offers  greater  difficulties, 
because  the  evidence  is  more  inferential  in  character.  First 
of  all  comes  the  testimony  of  Bentley  himself.  On  June 
18,  1783,  a  ])etition  from  him  was  presented  to  the  Virginia 
House  of  Delegates,'  "setting  forth  that  he  was  an  inhabi- 
tant of  Kaskaskia,  and  by  early  endeavors  to  support  the 
American  cause,  sustained  great  injury  in  his  property  and 
personal  lil)crty  from  the  British,  that  he  is  now  greatly 
indebted  for  contracts  actually  made  for  the  good  of  the 
service,  and  praying  relief."  If  the  statement  is  worthy 
of  credence  at  all,  Bentley  suffered  for  his  services  to  the 
American  cause  at  the  hands  of  the  British.  This  aid  could 
have  been  given  only  in  the  spring  of  1777,  when  his  boat 
met  Linn  at  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio,  for  shortly  afterwards 

■  Htwrnila  and  Krtluu,  Kevalulien  «m  Ikt  Vft»  Okit,  twj. 
*Y».StiU»FafBt,\\.,  fi7s, 
*Set  Jmtmcl  unikr  date. 


THOMAS   BENTLEY   AND  G.  R.  CLARK 


xn 


he  was  arrested  and  taken  to  Canada  and  endured  the  suffer- 
ing for  which  he  asked  reparation.  In  a  memorial  to 
the  British  authorities  Bentley  swears  that  the  Americans 
forcibly  seized  some  corn  from  his  boat;  but  even  if  there 
was  a  real  sale,  it  was  hardly  of  sufficient  merit  to  be  called 
"endeavors  to  support  the  American  cause,"  so  that  it  is 
probable  that  the  abo\*e  allusion  is  to  other  services.' 

The  Virginia  officers,  who  accompanied  Clark  to  Illinois, 
evidently  regarded  themselves  under  some  obligation  to 
Bentley;  for,  as  soon  as  they  had  captured  Vîncennes  in  the 
spring  of  1779,  Captain  Bowman  and  Clark's  secretary', 
Jean  Girault,  wrote  to  the  British  authorities  concerning 
his  release.'  Such  an  act  would  be  indeed  strange,  if 
Bentley  was  simply  an  English  merchant  without  interest 
in  the  American  struggle,  as  he  claimed.  For  such  a  man 
the  Virginians  would  have  had  little  regard;  but  their  act 
is  easily  explained,  if  he  had  been  the  means  of  conreying 
the  information  to  them  that  noadc  their  undertaking  suc- 
cessful. Possibly  the  guarded  statement  of  Captain  Rogers 
in  1781  concerning  the  services  of  Bentky  to  the  state  may 
be  also  taken  as  evidence  from  a  similar  source.' 

The  last  witness  to  be  summonefl  Ls  Philippe  de  Roche- 
blavc,  British  agent  in  Illinois.  In  1780  he  asserted  that 
one  man  had  been  responsible  for  the  fall  of  the  Illi- 
nois country,  and  tliat  one  was  Thomas  Bentley.*  This  is 
certainly  prejudiced  testimony,  but  his  statement  rewals 
his  firm  conviction  that  Bentley  hati  played  the  traitor  to 
the  British  cause  and  had  been  instrumental  in  bringing  the 
Virginians  to  Illinois. 


■  S«(  rncmorUl  piinied  >^.  p.  ■*. 
>Sccf«il,  pp.  7i,  14. 
*Fmi,  p.  II r. 


xaS 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


The  third  part  of  (he  problem  is  the  most  difficult  to 
solve  and  the  result  most  doubtful.  Did  Bentley's  message 
concerning  the  condition  in  the  Illinois  country  reach 
Gcorçc  Rogers  Clark? 

First  of  all  it  is  to  be  noticed  that  Clark  never  hinted  at 
such  a  communication  in  any  of  his  accounts  or  jjersonal 
letters  concerning  the  event;'  but,  instead,  he  always  laid 
great  stress  on  the  ignorance  of  everybody  concerning  his 
plans.  After  viewing  the  evidence  in  preparation  for  my 
carHer  study  of  the  period,  Icamc  to  the  conclusion  that  Clark 
remained  totally  ignorant  of  a  party  in  Kaskaskia  friendly 
to  the  American  cause,  at  least  up  to  the  day  before  the 
attack.'  A  closer  study  of  the  documents,  while  editing 
them,  has  somewhat  shaken  this  opinion.  Clark's  own 
silence  may  have  been,  at  first,  the  payment  of  a  debt  of 
gratitude  to  Bentley,  who  would  have  suffered  severely  at 
the  hands  of  the  British,  —  for  he  was  at  the  time  a  prisoner 
in  Quebec  —  had  Clark  acknowledged  any  communication 
between  them,  and  had  this  information  become  known 
in  Canada.  Afk-r  Bentley  escapetl  and  returned  to 
Illinois,  he  attempted  to  continue  Ms  double  dealing  and 
to  keep  on  good  terms  ■with  both  the  British  and  the  Ameri- 
cans; and  he  continued  to  play  this  game  up  to  the  day  of 
his  death,  so  that  he  was  never  in  a  position  to  demand  that 
Clark  should  acknowledge  his  debt,  if  debt  there  was. 

Since  Clark's  silence  cannot  be  accepted  as  indubitable 
proof  of  the  non-existence  of  such  communication,  we  may 
seek  elsewhere.  If  it  is  true  that  Bcntley's  boat  met  that 
under  the  command  of  William  Linn  and  some  message 
was  sent  by  Bentley,  the  fact  that  Clark  was  on  intimate 

)  Baidn  ihp  lurnlivn  pcintrd  In  V^ltU.Cmqiuit  a}  thtCotmiry  IVtrtinpfili/l  Ad  SkKrOhin, 
•w  Ann*.  Uul.  Kn-itVf,  rili.,  Mt. 

■  IB.  Hill  C^iBtttiMi.  ii .  pp.  indt..  ilU. 


THOMAS   WiXTLEY   AND  G.  R.  CLARK 


xxUi 


terms  with  both  Linn  and  Gibson  is  an  important  fact. 
Any  înfoDiuition  concerning  Kaskaskia  obtained  by  the 
men  of  Linn's  boat  would  have  been  passed  on  to  Clark; 
in  fact,  the  latter  must  have  made  inquiries  from  them,  for 
he  was  thinking  how  best  to  ser^-e  the  West  at  this  very 
time. 

The  information,  imparted  by  Bentley's  men  was  given, 
if  at  aJl,  in  the  last  of  February  or  the  iirst  of  March.  The 
date  is  important,  for  on  May  25,  two  spies,  S.  More  and 
B.  Linn,  sent  by  Clark,  were  in  Kaskaskia.'  Is  this  sig- 
nificant? Is  it  not  possible  that  the  occasion  for  send- 
ing the  spies  had  been  a  message  from  Bentley?  Of 
course  the  proximity  of  the  dates  may  ï;e  a  mere  coinci- 
dence, but  the  circumstance  is  made  more  striking  from  the 
fact  that  Chirk  selected  a  brother  of  Wilh'am  f^inn  as  his 
agent  to  go  to  Kaskaskia.  The  case  in  favor  of  Bentley's 
correspondence  with  Clark  is  also  strengthened  by  the  for- 
mer's knowledge  that  spies  were  to  be  sent .  Bentley  departed 
from  Kaskaskia  in  May  to  go  to  Mackinac'  Shortly 
after  leaving  he  wrote  to  his  friend,  Daniel  Murray,  to 
inquire  about  some  hunters  who  were  expected  to  appear 
in  the  village.  Our  information  is  derived  from  Murray's 
answer.  He  wrote:  "As  to  the  hunters  you  lATite  of  there 
is  three  of  them,  one  of  which  was  here  before,  his  name 
Bcnf  Lynn,  but  they  bring  no  news  that  I  can  here  [sk]  of 
worth  your  hearing."" 

This  last  bit  of  evidence  is  perhaps  the  most  conclusis'c 
of  all  that  has  been  discovered.  Murray's  statement  shows 
that  Bentley  had  written  concerning  the  expected  coming 
of  some  hunters  whom  he  had  not  seen.    The  manner  in 

■  Sm  Moraj^  IMHT  Ici  Rnillvf,  fail,  p  i. 

«  SaUor's  mMDurUl,  Mit*.  aiH.  CdteOhn».  sla.,  347. 

>  Printed  ^m(.  p  8. 


XXIV 


ILLmOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


wliich  Murray  mentioned  tlie  number  makes  it  seem  like 
a  correction  of  a  statement  by  Bentley  concerning  the  same. 
One  wonders  if  there  had  been  an  inquiry  about  two. 

In  the  above  discussion  we  have  considered  only  the 
possibility  of  a  communication  being  sent  by  Bentley  through 
William  Linn.  But  this  was  by  no  means  the  only  oppor- 
tunity. According  to  the  testimony  given  in  the  Court  of 
Enquiry,  one  of  Bcntlcy's  boats  was  on  the  Ohio  for  some 
time  in  1776,  and  even  was  sent  up  the  river  above  the  falls 
to  the  Kentucky  River.'  If  this  occurred,  the  opportunities 
of  sending  a  communication  to  the  Kentuckians,  even  to 
Clark  himself,  must  have  been  numerous. 

To  the  above  considerations  must  be  added  the  events 
that  occurred  at  the  time  of  the  seizure  of  the  village  of 
Kaskaskia,  which  point  to  some  conmiunication  between 
Clark  and  the  party  of  American  sympathizers  within  the 
village.  The  most  important  of  these  is  the  case  with  which 
Clark  found  boats  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  river.'  Bentley, 
however,  could  not  have  been  responsible  for  this,  since  he 
was  at  that  time  a  prisoner  in  the  hands  of  the  British  author- 
ities on  account  of  his  act  in  sending  a  boat  to  the  assistance 
of  the  Americans.  In  this  connection  it  is  also  interesting 
to  note  that  Clark  must  have  expected  to  find  sympathizers 
in  Kaskaskia,  for  he  came  provided  with  commissions  for 
them  signed  by  Governor  Patrick  Henry.* 

We  have  already  seen  that  Clark^s  officers  sought  to 
bring  about  Bentley's  release,  .\fter  the  latter's  return  to 
Illinois,  Clark  continued  to  grant  him  his  support,  in  spite 
of  the  many  accusations  of  dishonesty  against  him.  Bent- 
ley's  best  friend  was  Clark's  relative,  Captain  John  Rogers  ; 

>  Sw  t«il,  pp.  Sl-lS. 

■  Fultr  dbcuncd  in  JU.  ItUi.  CtUatint,  a.,  p.  lUI. 

*  Sw  fi^  p.  4r. 


I 


i 


FATHER   GIBAULT  AND   VINCENNES 


jxr 


I 


and  when  Bentley  went  to  Virginia  to  collect  some  money 
due  him,  Clark  gave  him  a  strong  indorsement  and  recom- 
mended him  for  more  important  employment/ 

Such  is  the  evidence.  As  thus  set  forth  the  case  appears 
strong  in  spite  of  the  circumstantial  character  of  the  evi- 
dence, but  tlierein  lies  its  weakness.  There  is  not  an  event, 
used  as  proof,  which  cannot  be  explained  without  reference 
to  Clark's  act  in  occupying  the  Illinois  villages.  Thus 
Bentley  may  have  sent  his  boats  to  the  Ohio  simply  because 
he  saw  a  good  opportunity  to  make  a  profit  ;  and  his  knowl- 
edge of  the  presenœ  of  Clark's  spies  may  have  been  derived 
from  some  innocent  source;  and  his  inquiry  concerning 
them  may  have  been  prompted  by  idle  curiosity.  There- 
fore the  case  is  not  proved.  On  the  strength  of  the  evi- 
dence one  may  be  inclined  to  declare  that  the  conception 
of  the  occupation  of  the  Northwest  originated  in  the  fertile 
brain  of  Thomas  Bentley;  but  a  careful  consideration  of 
the  facts  shows  that  the  result  of  this  investigation  is  a 
subject  for  speculation,  but  not  the  establishment  of  a  fact 
by  unassailable  proof. 


II.    Father  Pierre  Oibault  anb  the  Submission 
OF  Post  Vixcenxes,  1778' 

After  George  Rogers  Clark  had  obtained  possession  of 
Kaskaskia  and  the  other  French  settlements  on  the  Mis- 
sissippi, in  July,  1778,  he  realized  that  his  position  was 
precarious  as  long  as  the  British  held  the  posts  on  the  Wabash 
River,  the  channel  of  •  communciation  bet^veen  Canada, 
Detroit,  and  the  Ohio.    His  company  of  soldiers  was  too 

1  Sec  Vm.  SHI*  Fapvi.  Q..  i$j. 

<T>iii  MDilir  U  rv^rifilfil  whh  a  f*«  ^inga  tma  the  niilar*«  iatnduniea  U  Ibe  docuBkcotl  D- 
lutlrstioc  ihc  MititM  prUMrd  in  the  Amtr,  lliil  Jtttriiv.  ilr.,  No  j,  p   $44  tl  wif. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


small  to  risk  a  boIH  advance  upon  Vinccnnes,  and  he  was 
obliged  to  consider  means  of  securing  the  i-illage  by  persua- 
sion. The  story  of  the  mission  of  Father  Gibault  to  Vin- 
ccnnes is  well  known;  and  Clark's  own  narratives  arc 
counted  among  the  few  classics  of  the  literature  of  western 
liistory.'  The  documents  concerning  this  event  in  this 
volume,  which  have  been  hitherto  almost  unknown,  sup- 
plement those  famous  narratives.  Since  all  the  testimony 
on  this  subject  is  not  easily  reconciled,  it  will  be  worth 
while  to  study  somewhat  carefully  the  history  of  the  sub- 
mission of  Vincenncs  in  July,  1778. 

Ever  since  Judge  John  Law  wrote  in  his  Colonial  History 
ofVincmnes  that  to  Father  Gibault  "next  to  Clark  and  Vigo 
the  United  States  are  [more]  indebted  for  the  accession  of 
the  states  comprised  in  what  was  the  original  Northwest 
Territor)'  than  to  any  other  man,"  the  honor  of  securing 
the  submission  of  Vincennes  has  been  unanimously  assigned 
to  the  parish  priest,  while  liis  associate  and  the  part  he  took 
in  the  enterprise  have  been  almost  forgotten;  and  no  attempt 
has  ever  been  made  to  estimate  the  value  of  his  services.' 

Like  the  historians,  the  British  officers  in  the  West 
believed,  from  the  first,  that  the  chief  instrument  in  the  win- 
ning of  Vincennes  for  the  Virginians  was  Father  Gibault. 
Lieutenant-Governor  Hamilton  of  Detroit  wrote,  on  August 
8,  1778:  "I  have  no  doubt  that  by  this  time  they  [the  Vir- 
ginians] are  at  Vincenncs,  as,  when  the  Express  came  away, 
one  Gibault  a  French  priest,  had  his  horse  ready  logo 
thither  from  Cahokia  [Kaskaskia]  to  receive  the  submission 
of  the  inhabitants  in  the  name  of  the  Rebels."*    On  the 

■H»  letlcr  to  Gcrofc  Maarm.  Km>cn)bcT  i«,  i)79.a>Ml  I>m  ilemait  nl  ■  lairr  dt(«  >rr pHsIod  ID 
Ibc  tppcndix  IQ  Etxitsh,  W.  VL,  C:m9HU> »i Um  Cemntry  Komnrta  <•)  ikt  Kivrr  OÀh,  v«].  i. 

'  WltMor,  rjkf  tfoMuinf  IfMwNMl,  p.  t30,li  MtliAcd  aith  ■  tutnneni  [hai  \ht  HibtuJalciani 
oblalnnl  bjr  both  Pathti  GJbuill  ■od  lARMt. 

■  Canadian  ArchîvM.  B,  vsJ.  ii*.  p.  115.  Var  (iirthtf  IcattmoDY  of  (hi  Sriiish  officen  wr  J.  P. 
Duoo,iiirn)fHiKiw>iui>/iierI(.HJjf.5K.,i9oj,p.*Ti  Ji*.C>uA.0iil.ffr«anA«f,v.,   51,  tUI^  iW. 


FATHER   GIBAtXT  AN*D   VLN'CEN.VES 


uvB 


Other  hand  the  first  report  of  Clark  to  Governor  Patrick 
Henry,  n-hich  has  unfortimatcly  not  been  preserved,  evidently 
gave  credit  for  the  outcome  to  Father  Gibault  and  Dr. 
Laffont,  for  Henry  in  a  letter  to  Clark,  dated  December  15, 
1778,  wrote:  "I  beg  you  wnll  present  my  compliments  to 
Mr  Gibault  and  Doctor  Lafong  [sk]  &  thank  them  for  me 
for  their  good  services  to  the  State."  ' 

But  this  is  hearsay  testimony.  We  turn  to  the  state- 
ments of  those  who  participated  in  the  act,  George  Rogers 
Clark,  Father  Pierre  Gibault,  and  Jean  Baptiste  LaSFcmt. 

The  first  is  a  trustworthy  witness  concerning  the  con- 
ception of  the  plan  and  the  preparations  for  putting  it  into 
e^œcution  ;  but  his  knowledge  of  the  occurrences  in  Vincennes 
was  derived  from  others  and  more  particularly  from  the 
two  agents.'  One  weakness  in  this  witness  should  be 
noted:  he  understood  no  French  and  was  obliged  to  trust 
to  his  interpreter,  Jean  Girault.'  The  two  accounts  left 
us  by  Clark  differ  somewhat  in  details.  According  to  the 
earlier,  the  letter  to  Mason,  the  conception  of  the  plan  was 
his  own.  Realizing  the  weakness  of  his  portion,  as  long 
as  \1ncennes  was  in  the  possession  of  the  enemy,  and  the 
impossibility  of  securing  the  place  by  force,  he  had  recourse 
to  stratagem  and  pretended  to  make  preparations  for  an 
attack,  in  the  hope  that  the  French  of  Kaskaskia,  anxious 
for  their  friends  and  relativ-cs,  would  offer  to  win  the  village 
by  persuasion.  In  this  he  was  successful,  and  several 
Kaskaskians  came  forward  as  advocates  for  Vincennes. 
Among  these  vras  Father  Gibault,  who  told  Clark  that  sol- 
diers were  unnecessary  for  the  enterprise  and  that  he  would 


■  PràkUd  téM,  p.  64- 

>  in  h»  M^tÊJr.  Out  «rata  that  he  vet  a  ipr  *iCb  tbc  i 
■  My  h«n  bMa  cealRMd  br  «   AM  wtoa».    vhMc  vaOammi 
^  Cn^Ml  </  a*  C4m^  IV«f<t— jl  «/  a*  Cwr  Olma.  I .  ^. 

*0b  Gtruk,  «nuh  /«.  Hut.  CUbtfim,  fi^  p.  *e,  ■-  «. 


,  »  lb  A»  repcrt  of  thr 


xxviii 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


himself  RO  on  the  mission;  but  that,  as  his  duties  were 
Hpiritual,  some  one  must  be  appointed  to  take  charge  of  the 
afTmr,  The  parish  priest  assured  Clark,  however,  "that 
Ik-  would  (ÇÎVC  them  [the  people  of  Vinccnnes]  such  hints 
in  the  spiritvial  way  that  would  be  conducive  to  the  business.** 
Dr.  LofTont  was  ai>ix>inted  the  leader  of  this  expedition  and 
received  the  instructions.' 

In  the  other  nnrraliw,  the  Afemoir,  more  prominence  is 
given  to  the  parish  priest.  In  the  first  place  Clark  does 
not  iiHHume  the  credit  for  the  conception  of  the  plan.  The 
priest  wa»  ralle<l  into  conference  relative  to  taking  Vin- 
cenru'Hnhd  said  that  he  did  not  think  it  worth  while  to  send 
N  niililiiry  r.\|)i*dilion,  since  he  was  certain  tliat,  when  the 
Inltaliitjinl-t  wei\'  ac()uainted  with  what  had  occurred  in 
IllinoU  and  with  the  American  cause,  they  wouM  submit. 
Gthiiult  then  ofTered  to  ^o  himself  for  this  purpose.  As 
In  the  nlhcr  rtawint,  the  prient  demanded  an  associate;  but, 
uiini^llnn  lo  ihiit  tmrratiw,  Iw  named  him,  and  promised 
thai  he  IdniHcIf  would  pri\'ately  direct  the  whole.  Written 
InHlrurtloUH  wriv  gixrn  by  Clark  to  Latfont,  and  verbal 
InMrurtlonH  U*  the  prient.» 

H\\\tv  the  lettvr  to  Mason  is  more  authoritatiw  than  the 
Memoir,  (lie  credit  of  orijçinftting  the  plan  may  safely  be 
AIvIk^umI  to  Clnrlc.  To  his  two  narratives  should  be  added 
thi'  It'Ntlniotty  of  the  instructions,  a  copy  of  which  Clark 
did  not  (KUMCM  when  Ih'  wTote  his  Memoir.*  These  were 
uildreHwd  to  l4Afront,  and  Itc  was  iiustructed  to  "act  in 
concert"  with  I'ulher  (îilmult,  "who,  I  hope,  will  prepare 
llw  Inhubllant*  to  agree  to  your  demands." 

'ttulMk  CVf*'*,  t,  «If,     Il  h  Mht  MtMl  Ibil  Iha  lwv»cll«H  «OT  uddrrBrd  to  UAonL 
Awm.  Mm  Hmm^  tlv.  Na,  i,  pt  Mf   Thwa  ImitiiciIum  «iU  U  t«iBl*4  in  lU  voluiua  ol  Uufc 


>li«(M.('iMf«pii.t,4*r. 

*/W     '1hr»liuli<«ithM«ar«|<rlntr<1hi^i 


Htu.  Jtnwv.  tUt;  Ko-  1.  P-  14» 


FATHER   GIBAULT  AND   VINCENNES 


sdc 


The  testimony  of  Father  Gibault  dates  from  the  year 
1786,  but  it  can  be  shown  that  tlœ  evidence  harks  back, 
to  an  earlier  date.  In  a  letter  of  that  year,  addressed  to  the 
bishop  of  Quebec,'  he  denied  having  been  responsible  for 
the  submission  of  the  people  of  Vincennes.  Tn  fact  he 
declared  that  he  had  not  gone  for  the  purpose  of  influencing 
the  people,  but  only  to  attend  to  his  parochial  duties.  In 
a  letter  of  1783'  he  mentioned  his  intention  of  writing  in  a 
short  time  an  account  of  the  occurrences  of  the  past  few 
years,  and  in  another  of  1788*  he  mentioned  the  fact  of 
having  written  such  a  letter.  Unfortunately  this  letter  has 
not  been  preserved;  but  it  is  c\'ident  from  the  context  of 
the  existing  letters  that  he  wrote  of  his  own  acts  and  made 
statements  similar  to  those  in  the  letter  of  1786,  so  that  it 
may  be  taken  for  granted  that  in  1783  he  was  denying  his 
participation  in  the  submission  of  Vincennes. 

There  is  evidence  of  an  earlier  date.  Clark's  statement 
is  that  the  priest  offered  to  go  to  Vincennes,  and  went  as 
an  cmissar)'  of  Virginia.'  That  he  acted  as  secretar)*  of 
the  embassy  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  he  kept  some  kind 
of  a  journal  which  was  handed  to  Clark  on  his  return.' 
In  spite  of  the  success  of  the  e.xpedition  Father  Gibault 
was  unwilling  to  be  counted  an  actor  in  it,  for  having  learned 
of  the  village  gossip  about  his  influence  in  Vincennes,  he 
persuaded  Dr.  Laffont  to  ■write,  a  few  days  after  their  return, 
a  letter  to  Clark,  in  which  LafFont  assumed  all  responsibility." 
In  less  than  a  month  after  he  started  for  Vincennes,  there- 
fore, he  was  saying  that  he  liad  done  nothing  more  than 

>SM><ltf.  p.  S4t. 
*SM^lt,  p.  5J0, 

*  CUrl'i  kilcr  ol  iiulruclicM*.  Amtr.  Bill.  Retitw,  ItV-,  No.  a.  ii,  S4»- 

f  Ljiffont'i  texut,  fU.  p  50. 

*/ïkI  .  iioKni»r(»onorihebuiilwrltiMO(  lUilettn'wilhMbcTiptcinMMof  l^ffaDt"*  liui4iiTi[' 

loil  fuTB  no  dcnibl  ubout  its  a.ulhailldt)r. 


iMt  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

counsel  "peace  and  union  and  to  hinder  bloodshed."  One 
act  of  Father  Gibault's  contradicts  this  testimony.  When 
it  was  expected  that  Kaskaskia  would  be  retaken  by  the 
Britisli  in  the  early  winter  of  1778,  Clark  reported  that  the 
priest  was  in  great  fear  of  falling  into  the  hands  of  Hamilton. 
If  this  is  a  fact,  Father  Gibault  must  have  been  conscious  of 
having  committed  an  act  which  the  Britisb  officer  would 
regard  as  treasonable.* 

Our  information  concerning  LafTont  is  very  meager. 
He  was  a  native  of  the  West  Indies,  whence  he  moved  to 
Florida  and  later  to  Kaskaskia.  He  was  living  in  the  lat- 
ter place  in  August,  1770,  at  which  date  his  signature  was 
written  on  a  power  of  attorney.  He  was  still  in  the  %'illage 
in  1782,  but  he  had  moved  by  17S7  to  Vinccnncs,  for  his 
name  and  tliosc  of  liis  sons  are  found  in  tlie  census  of  the 
village  for  that  year.'  His  whole  testimony  is  contained  in 
his  letter  to  Clark  on  August  7,  177S.*  From  this  we  learn 
that  Father  Gibault  accompanied  him,  acted  as  secretary, 
and  made  a  report  to  Clark.  He  did  not,  however,  interfere 
in  the  temporal  affairs  of  the  embassy,  except  to  counsel 
peace.  Laffont  claimed  for  himself  the  sole  responsibility 
of  the  undertaking.  The  oath  administered  to  the  people 
of  Vincennes  offers  some  further  evidence.*  This  illiterate 
French  could  never  have  been  WTitten  by  the  priest,  whereas 
it  may  have  been  the  work  of  Laffont,  although  his  letter 
shows  a  greater  familiarity  with  the  written  language. 

In  the  analysis  of  the  above  sources,  it  must  Ik  rcmem- 

1  Englbh,  Ctmçmil.  i,  41*. 

iE«ihiil(a  USS;  rapvi  •}  tktCmÊmri»»!  CwurfM,  vol.  4S.  P-  t»j:  fwf,  p.  309:  Dnp« 
MSS.,  iSJ  70.  'I'hii  lad  i>  ■  MMr  to  Dc.  Unpn,  dalnl  184I,  from  ihe  mculor  of  ihp  aUlc 
ol  Ut.  Lflllonl^i  MB.  Ilie  Jettef  Male*  that  L&floot  moved  id  Sic  Cencvicv^  where  he  died  abaui 
Aufint,  1779,  at  Ihr  >fr  of  fottr.  Prom  thr  rrcord*  o4  KaikulU,  ihb  dalBis  proved  Id  he  wrong. 
Tbctdceuiref  the  Jcu  Itic.  UiSoaicd  the  Vliuenrincmmu  liRrcOfihaied  br  tlM  (ellowltu  factk. 
lie  b  (anr.«gh(  )T>n  old  and  ha*  two  Mtu  with  ihe  sine  tumn  u  iboae  flt«n  in  the  lettK  to  Dr. 
Unpcr.    Inwpeci  th«l  tbedtieot  hia  death  at  Sic.  C<n*vien  ahould  be  i;m. 

*  p*a.  p.  f». 

*  Print*!!  In  v1  «Mr.  Bin.  Rivitm.  xJ*..  X«.  3.  P.  SS9. 


FATHER  GIBAULT  AND  VINXENNES 


berecl  that  two  documents  are  of  cjuestionable  value,  the 
Memoir  of  Clark,  and  the  letter  of  Father  Gibault  to  the 
bishop  of  Quebec.  The  fiist  was  written  several  years  after 
the  submission  of  Vînccnncs,  at  a  time  when  Clark's  mind 
had  already  become  clouded  by  his  intemperate  habits. 
He  confessed  also  that  he  could  not  find  the  instructions  to 
Laflfont;  and  from  his  statements  it  Is  probable  that  he  did 
not  have  LafFont's  letter  to  him.*  Father  Gibault's  emphatic 
denial  of  participation  in  the  submission  of  Vincennes  may 
be  dismissed,  because  it  was  made  to  the  Canadian  bishop 
whose  prejudices  he  wished  to  remove.  If  he  was  to  re- 
enter the  service  of  the  Church  in  Canada,  he  was  obliged 
to  deny  the  grave  charj^c  oE  treachery  which  had  been  made 
against  him  by  British  officers. 

There  remain  Clark's  letter  to  Mason,  written  a  year 
and  a  half  after  the  event,  his  letter  of  instructions,  and 
Laflonl's  letter,  the  last  two  being  contemporary  documents. 
These  are  not  contradictory  and  from  ihem  a  consistent 
story  can  be  drawn.  The  plan  originated  in  Clark's  mind; 
Father  Gibault  offered  to  go  but  refused  to  take  the  respon- 
sibility; Jean  Baptiste  Laffont  was  appoîntcfl  the  lo-ader, 
managed  affairs  openly  in  Vincennes,  and  claimed  the  honor 
of  the  success;  Father  Gibault  evidently  preached  peace 
and  union  to  the  citizens,  prol>ably  used  his  personal  influ- 
ence to  promote  the  enterprise,  and  on  his  return  made  a 
written  report  to  Clark,  but  denied  that  he  was  responsible 
for  the  submission  of  Vincennes. 

The  action  of  Father  Gibault,  taken  in  connection  with 
other  information  concerning  him,  throws  some  light  on 

■Titre  nuui  rauin  •oot- ileiibi  u  [owlinhiv  iti«  lAiin- iru«T«r  dritracd  toCIuk.  Father 
CSbmllimir  haTctimMiBliDd  loluTcil  bi  ki>  juEoi-Mioiifiir  (uiuieujw.  1  hxic coaidnn]  thapt» 
ribditrelilwkeuabeiii|wriiicnmiiM,wb(«bM)i|]if|inB4aiidlAainuw«T«iB  Viaeciina,  bui  bava 
Jiiiiiiwiil  IhB  pipfsalllôiii,  for  II  would  not  hair  mitcid  t'albcr  dhaull'i  purpoae  id  havi  the  iownal, 
«hkft  be  twpl,  moiliaBM.  He  ttauni  (be  bUiop  thai  lie  «cot  alRiply  la  nU6U  Ua  prUnlr  <hiUM 
ai  Wacetmea.    Tba  fint  Mmtmoc  ol  Iba  Idler  aoald  have  diaprinnl  ilih. 


XXXII 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOXS 


his  character.  The  impression  made  on  the  mind  of  Clark 
by  the  personality  of  the  priest  was  that  of  timidity.  Al- 
though Clark's  description  of  the  fear  into  which  the  people 
of  Kaskaskia  were  thrown  by  the  appearance  of  his  band 
on  the  night  of  July  4  and  5,  1778,  may  be  discounted,'  still 
it  is  interesting  tliat  in  that  picture  of  terror  the  central 
figure  was  Father  Gibault.'  Clark  also  assures  us  that  when 
he  was  expecting  an  attack  on  Kaskaskia  during  the  winter 
of  1778,  "The  priest  of  all  men  [was]  the  most  afraid 
of  Mr.  Hamilton.  He  was  in  the  greatest  consternation, 
but  determined  to  act  agreeable  to  my  instruction."'  On 
account  of  this  timidity,  Clark  found  an  excuse  to  send  him 
for  security  to  the  Spanish  bank.  Gibauh's  action  in  the 
mission  to  Vinccnncs  bears  out  these  impressions.  He 
was  ready  to  use  his  influence  with  the  people,  but  preferred 
to  tlirow  the  responsibility  on  another,  so  that,  if  the  issue 
should  be  different  from  what  was  anticipated,  he  would 
still  be  able  to  use  the  argument  to  tlic  British  authorities, 
which  we  find  that  he  actually  put  forward  in  1786. 


III.  Ecclesiastical  Affairs 
Possibly  students  of  Illinois  history  will  find  the  last 
chapter  of  the  volume,  where  are  collected  the  ecclesiastical 
documents,  the  most  interesting.  Some  of  these  letters 
have  never  been  previously  published,  many  have  been 
printed  in  translation,  and  some  few  very  recently  in  the 
original.  The  story  is  not  yet  complete,  for  there  will  be 
noted  in  these  printed  letters  references  to  many  others  of 
which  no  trace  can  be  found  ;  and  probably  in  the  course 

■  Sm  tniraduclioa  to  m.  Hill.  CalUtHmt,  U. 
'Eniiliih,  Cintqmttt  «}  the  Norikoftl,  i.,  479. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   AFFAIRS 


txxiii 


of  time  some  of  these  will  \x  brought  to  light.  Up  to  the 
present,  however,  historians  have  not  had  the  opportunity 
of  examining  so  many  <locuments  illustrating  the  subject  as 
are  collected  in  this  volume.  This  is  true  ctch  of  Mr. 
Shea,  who  made  use  of  the  Archiépiscopal  /archives  in 
Quebec  in  preparing  his  Life  of  Archbishop  Carroll,  and 
whose  account,  as  drawn  from  the  letters  of  Father  Gibault 
and  the  other  priests  of  the  West,  has  been  the  only  infor- 
mation heretofore  available  concerning  the  contents  of  the 
western  documents  in  that  depository. 

In  1778  the  diocese  of  Quebec  included  the  Illinois 
country.  In  this  remote  corner  labored  Father  Gibault, 
who  had  served  the  French  on  the  banks  of  the  Mississippi 
since  1768.  In  the  following  year  he  had  been  promoted 
to  the  dignity  of  vicar  general  for  the  Illinois  region,  which 
included  at  this  time  Vincennes,  as  well  as  the  villages  on 
the  banks  of  the  "Father  of  Waters."  For  the  early  period 
of  his  missionary  ser\-ice  he  had  the  assistance  of  the  aged 
Father  Mcurin;  but  at  that  time  the  territory  under  the  two 
priests  was  somewhat  extended  by  the  necessity  of  attending 
to  the  spiritual  needs  of  the  settlements  on  the  western  bank, 
belonging  to  Spain,  which  were  without  other  spiritual  guid- 
ance. When  Father  Bernard  was  appointed  at  St.  Louis, 
he  retume<l  this  favor  of  the  Eastern  Illinois  priests  by  assist- 
ing occasionally  at  Cahokia.  This  had  become  the  more 
necessary,  for  Father  Gibault  was  then  the  only  priest  in 
British  Illinois.  After  that  territory  was  occupied  by  the 
troops  of  Virginia,  Father  Gibault  seems  to  have  preferred 
to  make  his  headquarters  at  Ste.  Genevieve,  whence  he 
crossed  over  to  Kaskaskia,  when  he  was  needed.'  The 
story  of  his  missionary  labors  has  been  frequently  told, 

'P»M,  pp.s».S4):  îloatk. Hillary «f  MlimwH, p..  g»:  Sitm. lift ^ Arck6iiÀépC*mU, us 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL   COLLECTIONS 


best  of  all  by  Mr.  Shea,  who  used  extensively  some  of  the 
material  printed  here,  so  that  it  is  umieccssary  to  sketch 
again  the  career  of  this  pioneer  priest.  The  activities  of 
the  other  priests  of  the  Illinois  country  are  not,  however, 
so  well  known;  and  their  story  may  give  to  the  documents 
an  added  interest. 

Until  1785  the  ecclesiastical  situation  in  the  West  re- 
mained unchanged;  nominally  the  territory  was  within  the 
diocese  of  Quebec,  and  Father  Gibault,  although  he  had 
lost  the  confidence  of  his  superiors,  looked  to  the  Canadian 
bishop  for  guidance.  Events  had  occurred  in  Europe  and 
the  East,  however,  that  were  to  alter  the  whole  destiny  of 
these  pioneer  communities.  The  Treaty  of  Paris  had  been 
signed,  and  the  West  had  become  the  territory  of  a  new 
state.  This  meant  a  readjustment  of  the  Catholic  Church  in 
America  to  accommodate  itself  to  the  new  conditions.  On 
June  9, 1784,  there  was  issued  at  Rome  by  the  prefect  of  the 
Sacred  Congregation  de  Propaganda  Fide  a  decree  organiz- 
ing the  Catholic  Church  in  the  United  Stales  as  a  distinct 
body  and  appointing  the  Reverend  John  Carroll  prefect 
apastolic*  Through  an  oversight  no  action  was  taken  to 
change  the  former  limits  of  the  diocese  of  Quebec,  so  that  the 
ecclesiastical  relations  of  the  West  were  not  legally  altered, 
in  spite  of  the  manifest  intention  of  the  authorities  at  Rome 
to  exteml  the  jurisdiction  of  the  new  prefect  apostolic  to  the 
limits  of  the  United  States.  Thus  was  laid  the  foundations 
of  a  conflict  of  jurisdictions  which  might  have  been  of 
serious  consequences,  had  not  both  the  officials  involved 
proved  hemselvcs  judicious,  patient,  and  considerate.  As 
soon  as  the  priests,  sent  from  Quebec  and  Baltimore,  re- 
ported that  the  same  territory  was  being  served  by  both  dio- 

»  ShM,  Lil*  *l  ArtkUili^f  Cnmit,  »»j. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  AFFAIRS 


XXXV 


ccscs,  there  was  an  exchange  of  courteous  letters  between  the 
bishop  and  the  prefect  apostolic.  The  whole  subject  was  re- 
ferred to  Rome;  and  the  necessary  correction,  in  accordance 
with  the  purpose  of  the  act  creating  the  ecclesiastical  juris- 
diction in  the  United  States,  was  made  without  diffi- 
culty. ' 

Before  this  adjustment  was  accomplished,  there  had 
been  sent,  both  from  Canada  ami  the  United  States,  priests 
to  take  charge  of  the  spiritual  wants  of  the  Northwest. 
In  the  sumnier  of  1784  Father  Payet  went  from  Detroit  to 
Vincenncs,  where  he  remained  till  September.  Later  the 
same  priest  was  sent  on  a  tour  of  inspection  to  Kaskaskia 
and  Cahokîa.'  Father  Gibault,  who  in  1785  had  left  the 
Spanish  territory  in  spite  of  advantageous  offers  and  hai! 
taken  up  his  residence  at  Vincenncs,  continued  to  look  upon 
himself  as  the  vicar  general  of  the  bishop  of  Quebec  for  this 
region,  and  it  was  some  time  before  he  learned  of  the  changes 
in  the  ecclesiastical  situation;  and,  when  this  was  forced 
on  his  attention  by  the  arrival  of  priests  from  the  East,  he 
was  unwilling  to  submit  to  the  new  jurisdicrion.' 

The  new  prefect  apostolic  seeras  to  have  been  equally 
ignorant  of  the  true  situation  in  the  Illinois  region,*  but  he 
realized  the  necessity  of  providing  for  the  spiritual  needs  of 
his  distant  fellow  Catholics.  He  therefore  was  glad,  upon 
the  recommendation  of  the  French  minister,  to  give  a  wan- 
dering Carmelite  father,  Paul  de  St.  Pierre,  who  was  willing 
to  go  to  the  West,  such  authority  as  he  could,  cwn  Ix-fore 
he  received  the  official  announcement  of  his  appointment  as 

>  CddniII  the  cvKspoDdenot,  printed  ptM,  581  tf  uf . 
«Shea,  Ulc  a}  AniMtUf  CornU,  471.  i;j 

•On  Febnury  ir,  i^Ss.  be  wrote  to  Cudliul  AnloiMUl,  Prefrcl  of  ibe  Pmpaiand*,  n>  («Jlrrin: 
''The  Jutbdiciioa  of  ihe  Bbhop  of  Quebec  fonncrij'  ratendcd  us  •om*  \ai\  of  ilui  rvRian:  but  I  do 
do  dot  \.aam  «rbcthor  he  wishm  to  tvatyat  a,aj  auIhoHty  there  oam,  llul  all  IbcK  uuts  «le  «utiiKt  lo 
the  Uailcd  Sut«."    Shea,  U/c  o)  ArthhUkop  Carrail,  i jS. 


XXXVI 


ILLLNOIS  JnSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


head  of  the  Church  in  the  United  States.'  This  fact  estab- 
lishes approximjitely  the  date  when  this  first  priest  to  repre- 
sent in  the  West  tlie  new  regime  started  on  his  long  journey, 
for  news  of  his  own  appointment  reached  Father  Carroll  on 
August  20,  1784,  and  he  received  the  official  notice  on 
November  26." 

There  has  been  preserved  very  little  material  for  the 
life  of  Father  de  St.  Pierre,  and  his  passage  through  the 
West  and  his  sojourn  at  Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia  can  only 
be  traced  by  chance  mention  in  the  letters  of  the  time  and  in 
a  few  documents  which  I;ear  directly  on  his  c^ireer.  From 
a  letter  of  Mr.  Carroll  to  the  Congregation  rfc  Propaganda 
Fide  '  wc  learn  that  he  was  a  German  monk  of  the  Car- 
melite order  lately  from  France;  and  that  at  the  time  he 
went  West  he  did  not  {wssess  sufTicient  testimonials  to  prove 
that  he  had  the  permission  of  his  superior  to  remain  in 
America.  From  other  sources  we  learn  that  he  was  thirty- 
four  years  of  age  in  1785  and  that  he  had  served  as 
chaplain  in  the  French  army  in  America/  In  one  of  the 
documents  printed  here,  it  is  stated  tliat  his  real  name  was 
Heiligenstein,  which  may  have  been  the  case,  for  names 
were  frequently  changed  at  the  time  of  taking  rcli^ous 
vows. 

Father  de  St.  Pierre  first  made  his  way  to  Kentucky 
and  arrived  at  Louisville  in  February.  1785,  whence  he  sent 
a  letter  to  Mr.  Carroll.  His  delay  among  the  Kentucky 
pioneers  could  not  have  been  long,  for  a  document  proves 
that  he  was  in  Kaskaskia  in  July,  and  that  he  had  been  there 
long  enough  to  j)articii)ate   in   the   local   quarrels."     The 


<Srp  BUhap  Carrrdl't  iuinn«ni,  Stiea,  U)*  tf)  Arthln'iitof  Cawnll,  ii»;itiAai»o  fivt.p.  S9>. 
>Shea,  lÀft  bI  Auk^ihi/f  Varrcli,  1,17,  ixi, 

*Ptbniaf}  j;,  itKj,  pfinliMl  in  liamlaliou  by  Shot  in  hi*  Lilt  »!  AnUiMkat  CarroU,  ifH, 
•  fnl,  p.  s JJ.  S4Ti  Sh«a,  UJ*  0/  ^nJiMih>^  ComO,  sj«,  n.  j. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  AFFAIRS 


XXZVU 


document  in  question  does  not  shed  much  light  on  the 
priest's  religious  iulivities  in  the  village,  cxœpt  in  so  fior 
as  it  shows  his  willingness  to  interfere  where  he  thought 
a  wrong  had  been  committed.  It  is  more  than  likely  that 
Father  de  St.  Pierre  sided  with  the  French  faction  against 
John  Dodge,  who  dominated  Kaskaskia  at  the  time;  but 
there  is  no  direct  evidence  for  this. 

The  turbulent  condition  of  this  village  did  not  attract 
the  priest;  and  the  bctter-gowmcd  inhabitants  of  Cahokia, 
who  had  been  trying  to  draw  Father  Gibault  from  Vin- 
cennes,  were  able  to  hold  out  inducements  that  determined 
Father  de  St.  Pierre  to  make  his  residence  in  the  more 
northern  village.  Here  he  watched  over  the  spiritual  needs 
of  his  small  flock  till  1789;  and  from  all  that  can  be  learned 
of  his  ministry,  he  won  the  affections  and  confidence  of  his 
people.  There  is  some  evidence  of  a  religious  awaken- 
ing among  the  Cahokians,  brought  about  by  his  min- 
istry, for  they  began  to  collect  the  scattered  proj^rty 
of  the  mission,  and  in  June,  1787,  they  reported  that 
they  had  built  a  house  for  their  priest  and  were  erect- 
ing a  new  church  at  a  cost  of  fifteen  to  sixteen  thousand 
livres  J 

The  prefect  apostolic  had  made  no  attempt  to  organize 
the  western  part  of  his  territory,  when  he  |x.'rraitted  Father 
de  St.  Pierre  to  go  to  the  villages  on  the  Mississippi;  but 
this  problem  needed  attention,  and  Mr.  Carroll  selected  for 
this  purpose  a  priest  who  seemed  well  qualified  by  education 
and  training  to  undertake  such  a  task;  and  yet  Father 
Pierre  Huet  dc  la  \''aUnièrc  had  experienced  such  a  stormy 
career  up  to  the  time  of  his  western  mission  that  the  prefect 
apostolic  might  well  have  hesitated  before    sending  him. 

tSht^UJ**tAnlMtktfC*'r»B,4j4l  Pul,p.  s^     Thta  clutch  li  MUl  iUodinc. 


XXXVIU 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL   COLLECTI0>JS 


He  was  bom  at  Varade,  France,  on  January  lo,  1732.' 
After  studying  at  the  College  oE  Nantes  he  entered  the  Grand 
Seminary  of  that  city,  November  22,  1752,  whence  he  passed 
to  Paris  to  continue  his  studies  at  the  Seminary  of  Saint 
Sulpice.  He  was  a  man  of  great  cnerj^y  and  earnestness 
in  his  profession,  and  preferred  the  missionary  field  to  the 
quiet  life  of  a  parish  priest  in  France.  He,  therefore,  sailed 
for  Canada,  reaching  Montreal  on  September  9, 1754,  Here 
he  was  ordained  priest  by  Bishop  Pontbriand  and  began 
his  activities  in  Quebec  and  its  environs. 

Between  May  22,  1759,  and  October  g,  1779,  he  served 
five  different  parishes,  which,  in  the  light  of  his  later  career, 
may  prove  an  energy  that  was  restless  rather  than  per- 
severing. At  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary  War  he 
was  ser^'ing  the  parish  of  L'Assomption;  and  here  it  was 
that  he  committed  the  act  which  resulted  in  a  series  of  dis- 
asters for  himself  and  no  doubt  fixed  in  the  minds  of  many  an 
unfavorable  opinion  of  his  character.  When  the  American 
colonists  invaded  Canada,  most  of  the  priests  under  the  lead- 
ership of  the  bishop  remained  faithful  to  the  king  and  used 
their  influence  to  hold  their  parishioners  in  obedience.  Father 
de  la  Valinièrc  always  asserted  that  he  also  acted  the  part 
of  a  good  subject;  but  the  evidence  that  he  was  friendly  to 
the  American  cause  was  sufficient  to  convince  his  bishop 
and  General  Carleton,  the  governor  of  Canada,  of  his  guilt. 
His  own  explanation  of  his  act  is  that  he  went  to  Sorel,  at 
the  peril  of  his  life,  to  free  from  the  hands  of  the  invaders 
two  fellow  priests.  If  this  is  trut%  his  act  was  one  of  mercy, 
not  of  treachery.  Unfortunately  for  his  reputation  in 
Canada,  he  used  his  infiucncc  with  a  friend  and  follower  of 

^The  hcuin  Uic  Mrlylife  of  Fsilirr  d«U  Villattr*ki*1i«tnl  vn  ihafouKM  piiblish«d  b|>  M«r- 
tin  I.  ]  CrlillD  JD  the  Amtr.  Calm  il"i  AitMrabcj,  New  Ser  .  ti^  No.  j.  Mi.  GrlAn  hm  oillccKd 
tMd  piiDiMi  nuicli  BiurU  oa  tlw  IKc  ol  lh«  priMt,  nbk^  «uptimeau  ilw  vulou*  Icitcn  In  ihto 
wlume- 


ECCLESIASTICAL  AFFAIRS 


Thomas  Walker,  one  of  the  merchants  roost  suspected  of 
intrigue  by  the  British  authorities,  to  accomplish  this  end. 
From  that  time  the  priest  was  himself  held  in  the  greatest 
suspicion.  In  a  letter  to  Bishop  Briand,  Vicar  General 
Montgolfier  writes:  " Newrtheless  I  have  had  the  honor 
of  unburdening  my  heart  to  General  Carleton  regarding  the 
last  named  [Valinière]  whom  I  reckon  among  the  most 
guilty  and  the  least  converted.  His  excellency  gave  mc 
liberty  to  deal  with  him  as  I  niay  judge  fit.  The  dearth  of 
priests  forces  me  to  employ  him,  though  reluctantly.  Should 
Your  Lordship  judge  proper  to  withdraw  him,  and  if  means 
could  be  found  of  providing  for  the  essential  needs  of  that 
large  parish,  I  would  see  therein  no  difficulty.  But  in  that 
case,  I  would  desire  that  subject  to  be  removed  from  the 
country.  He  is  thoroughly  self  willed,  and,  although  of 
good  morals,  he  would  infallibly  cause  us  some  other 
trouble.'" 

Father  de  la  Valinière  gave  sufficient  evidence  during 
his  career  of  the  quarrelsomeness  and  self- willfulness  with 
which  he  was  accused.  There  are  records  from  several  of 
his  parishes  to  prove  that  he  need]es.sly  aroused  the  spirit 
of  opposition  among  his  parishioners,  and  that  he  was  ever 
ready  to  enter  into  disputes  with  his  superiors.  He  quarreled 
with  the  parish  of  St.  Jean  Poit-Joly  and  in  consequence 
threatened  to  sue  the  bishop  and  Seminary  of  Montreal 
for  the  reparation  of  his  honor,  property,  and  health.  At 
St.  Anne  de  la  Pocalière  new  difficulties  assailed  him.'  His 
career  at  the  Illinois  is  shown  by  the  letters  published  in 
this  volume  to  have  been  a  stormy  one."  Later  at  Split 
Rock  in  New  York  his  troubles  with  his  parishioners  resulted 

■  Amir.  CmI.  Hta.  JtàMtnktt, inf.  di. 

*  Ama.  Coll   HitL  ttutrtiMi.  nf.  til. 


il  ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

in  the  burning  of  the  church  and  priest's  house.*  In  the 
case  of  a  man  of  this  character,  who  raises  up  enemies  on  all 
sides,  it  is  particularly  difficult  to  draw  a  just  portrait. 
Since  his  opponents  have  written  so  much  about  him,  it 
is  only  fair  to  quote  the  words  which  he  himself  puts  in 
the  mouth  of  Bishop  Briand:  "He  [de  la  Valinière]  is  the 
priest  of  my  diocese  who  knows  best  how  to  gain  general 
affection.  In  every  place,  his  zeal  and  wisdom  have  won 
for  him  the  esteem  of  all.  He  possesses  the  gift  of  enrich- 
ing the  church-treasury;  he  preaches  well,  and  he  deserves 
no  reproach.  His  talent  is  almost  unique;  he  distributes 
abundant  alms  and  yet  he  is  ever  ready  to  give.*" 

Very  possibly  his  faults  of  character,  more  than  any  act 
of  his,  caused  the  authorities,  both  ecclesiastical  and  civil, 
to  continue  the  prosecution  against  him;  at  any  rate,  it  was 
decided  that  the  presence  of  the  restless  priest  was  a  source 
of  danger  that  should  be  removed  from  the  province.  Gov- 
ernor Haldimand,  whose  opinion  of  the  priest  was  that  he 
was,  "fiery,  factious  and  turbulent,  no  ways  deficient  in 
point  of  wit  and  parts,"  compelled  hira  to  embark  for  Eng- 
land in  October,  1779.'  Even  in  England  Valinière's  troubles 
were  not  ended.  He  was  kept  a  prisoner  on  board  ship  for 
a  year,  where  his  presence  was  very  embarrassing  to  the 
ministry,  since  there  was  not  sufficient  proof  of  treason  to 
detain  or  punish  hira.*  Finally  he  was  permitted  to  depart 
for  France.  The  vessel  in  which  he  sailed  was  wrecked 
and  all  his  property  lost,  and  he  was  forced  to  travel  on  foot 
to  Paris,  where  he  was  received,  but  not  enthusiastically, 
by  his  brother  Sulpicians.    In  Paris  he  applied  for  service 


»  Âm$t.  Caih.  Hvl.  Knnnlw,  imp.  f*. 

'Qiuud  br  Mr.  Cirlllbn  in  Amer.  Caik,  llùl.  Kéa-nàe*.  n/.  tiL 

>  Amtr.  Cafb.  tliri  Snaanlm,  np,  ell. 

'  Sm  JackxHi'»  iMtcT  in  Amir.  CM*.  Bin.  JtnwHAu,  uif,  tit. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  AFFAIRS 


in  the  French  army  in  America.  Whether  he  received  an 
appointment  or  not,  the  sources  do  not  tell;  but  later  we 
find  him  in  Martinique  and  in  San  Domingo.  After  his 
rccoTCry  from  an  attack  of  )'eIJow  ferer  in  the  latter  place, 
he  sailed  for  Ncwburj-port  in  Massachusetts  where  he  arrived 
in  the  spring  of  1785,  and  trawled  thence  by  foot  to  Montreal. 

His  second  sojourn  in  Canada  was  a  short  one,  but  not 
without  its  storms.  His  appearance  at  Quebec  caused 
consternation,  and  the  bishop  wrote  on  July  25,  1785,  to  M. 
Gravé,  Vicar  General:  "What  shall  we  do,  my  dear  Vicar 
General,  with  this  poor  man?  How  well  he  bears  out  the 
portrait  given  by  M.  Montgolfier  in  his  letter  to  His  Honor 
the  Lieutenant  Governor;  restless,  turbulent,  etc.? 

"He  asks  me  for  a  certificate  of  good  standing  and 
behanour  so  as  to  go  wherever  the  Lord  calls  him-  Can  I 
pvc  him  one  as  long  as  he  will  hold  a  conduct  so  much 
opposed  to  my  orders?  Î  have  forbidden  him,  as  you  are 
aware,  to  say  Mass  pubUcly  until  he  has  made  arrangements 
with  the  government,  and  he  has  nevertheless  officiated 
without  having  complied,  for  I  don't  see  by  all  his  rerbiage 
how  he  can  prore  that  His  Honor,  M.  Hamilton,  allows  him 
to  remain  in  this  pro\Tncc.  Cod  grant  that  for  the  honor  of 
the  clergy  it  be  not  decided  to  allow  him  to  stay."  ' 

The  autliorities  found  difficulties,  however,  in  removing 
him  again  from  Canada.  The  Seminary  of  Quebec  offered 
him  a  pension  of  six  hundred  Ihres  payable  in  Paris  in  re- 
turn for  his  rights  in  lliat  institution.  The  deed  was  drawn 
up,  but  at'the  last  moment  Valinière  refused  to  sign.'  Later 
he  sought  unsuccessfully  to  institute  a  suit  against  the 
Seminary,  but  the  lawyers  refused   to  plead  without  the 

■  AmiT.  CMt.  HiM.  JhwarrAci,  ■>#.<«. 

I  Sa  Mf  Orlfti  «rlMi  la  hi»  ulfcfa.  taol  ta  ■  titu*  prfau4  ffH,  p.  jjt.  VaUnOrr  weru  ifatbt 
ia  Raounird  hM  n(b<i  in  the  ScmtaHy. 


zlu 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


permission  of  the  priests.  Disgusted  with  his  reception, 
Father  de  la  Valinière  in  August,  1785,  left  Canada  for 
the  United  States.  Upon  his  departure  the  bisliop  of 
Quebec  gave  him  a  letter  to  the  new  prefect  apostolic» 
who  received  the  priest  kindly,  for  recruits  to  the  new 
diocese  were  greatly  needed. 

During  several  months  Father  dc  la  Valini&rc  remained 
very  uncertain  as  to  his  final  destination.  He  ser^-ed  in 
Philadelphia  occasionally;  but  his  more  permanent  place 
of  residence  was  New  York,  where  he  ministered  to  the 
French  and  French-Canadians.  He  threw  himself  with  his 
usual  enthusiasm  into  the  organization  of  the  new  ecclesi- 
astical territory.  His  busy  brain  was  already  teeming  with 
plans  for  the  future  development  of  the  Church  in  America; 
seminaries  were  to  be  built,  parishes  establishetl  in  every 
city.  He  planned  to  raise  money  to  buy  an  abandoned  Prot- 
estant church  in  the  city  of  New  York  for  a  permanent 
home  for  his  parishioners."  When  this  latter  plan  failed, 
he  turned  his  attention  to  the  southern  states  and  decided 
to  start  a  mission  in  Charleston,  but  the  tales  of  the  un- 
healthy conditions  prevailing  in  the  city  deterred  him.* 
Finally  Mr.  Carroll  offered  him  the  appointment  of  \icar 
general  to  Illinois,  which  was  accepted;  and  he  started 
from  Philadelphia  in  April,  1786,  on  his  journey  westward.' 

Such  was  the  man  who  now  came  to  reorganize  the 
Catholic  Church  in  the  Northwest.  The  existing  conditions 
in  the  country  were  sure  to  arouse  to  fighting  heat  the 
fiery  blood  that  coursed  through  his  veins;  for,  when  he 
arrived  in  Kaskaskia,  the  village  was  cowering  before  that 
boldest  and  ablest  of  the  American  pioneers,  John  Dodge. 

>  Sb«.  LiU  *l  AtUaikef  Cmmtt,  »%a,  tSa- 
*Amtr.  Cik.  Hut.  XnM«-Uf,  mi>.  ci. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  AFFAIRS 


xia 


The  French  people  had  long  lost  all  hope  of  an  amelioration 
of  their  condition,  and  with  the  loss  of  hope  had  gone  their 
spirit  of  manliness.  With  a  few  congenial  companions 
Dodge  was  holding  in  submission  the  French  people  and 
the  few  officials  who  still  continued  to  serve  the  stricken 
village.  In  the  other  nllages  the  political  conditions  were 
somewhat  better,  particularly  at  Cahokia,  but  the  eccles- 
iastical situation  was  such  as  to  bring  inevitably  trouble 
upon  the  bot-hcaded  vicar  general.  At  Vincennes  was 
Father  Gibault  who  styled  himself  vicar  general  of  the 
bishop  of  Queljec  and  whose  long  residence  in  the  region 
bad  giren  him  an  understanding  of  his  parishioners,  among 
whom  he  could  always  collect  a  party  to  oppose  an  innova- 
tion. At  Cahokia  was  Father  de  St.  Pierre,  a  man  who  had 
already  won  the  love  and  esteem  of  his  flock,  but  who  was 
not  anxious  to  acknowledge  the  power  of  a  superior  and 
was  only  too  prepared  to  take  up  the  gauntlet  for  any  in- 
fringement of  his  rights.  The  situation  both  political  and 
ecclesiastical  retjuired  the  employment  of  the  greatest 
tact  and  patience,  in  both  of  which  qualities  the  new 
vicar  general  had  shown  himself  conspicuously  lack- 
ing. 

He  did  not  wait  long  before  rushing  into  a  conflict. 
Valinifcrc  must  have  reached  Illinois  early  in  the  summer 
of  1786  and  almost  immediately  lent  ear  to  rumors  con- 
cerning his  co-workers.  He  was  always  prone  to  believe 
the  worst,  so  that  enemies  —  and  Father  dc  St.  Pierre 
had  made  several  in  Kaskaskia  —  had  little  difficulty  in 
convincing  him  that  the  Cahokia  priest  had  never  taken 
vows.  He  quickly  took  up  the  charge;  an  investigation 
was  held  by  himself,  Father  Bernard  of  St  Louis,  and  others, 
with  the  result  that  the  vicar  general  was  obliged  to  acknowl- 


xliv 


ILLLN'OIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


edge  his  own  mistake.'  Shortly  after  the  close  of  this 
first  dispute  with  the  neighboring  priest,  Father  dc  la  Vali- 
nière  rtgretted  his  act  of  exoneration;  and  he  again  made 
a  bitter  attack  on  St.  Pierre  in  a  letter  to  the  people  of 
Cahokia.'  The  charges  were  concerning  matters  of  church 
custom  and  discipline,  about  which  the  two  priests  dis- 
agreed; but  between  the  lines  one  reads  of  the  o\'^rweening 
pride,  arrogance,  and  self<onceit  of  the  vicar  general, 
which  caused  him  to  see  in  the  independence  of  an  inferior 
an  insult  to  his  dignity.  The  people  of  Cahokia  stood 
steadfast  on  the  side  of  their  champion  and  returned,  on 
April  22,  1787,  a  spirited  answer,  wherein  they  asserted: 
"Such  a  discourse  savours  of  irony  &:  diffamatory  libel, 
[and]  together  mth  the  trouble  and  disunion  you  have 
spread  in  the  villages  of  this  shore  since  you  are  here  are 
suflficient  to  determine  us  to  declare  to  you  that  we  will 
never  receive  or  consider  you  as  Grand  Vicar  of  the  Illi- 
nois." '  So  incensed  were  the  people  with  this  attack,  that 
they  tumetl  for  protection  to  the  bishop  of  Quebec,  whose 
superiority  they  acknowledged,  and  to  whom  they  sent  a 
copy  of  their  answer.  Thus  this  dispute  ended  in  the 
severance  of  all  connection  in  ecclesiastical  matters  between 
Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia. 

Exactly  what  was  the  relation  existing  between  Father 
Gibault  and  the  new  vicar  general  is  not  re\'ealed  by  the 
letters,  but  it  is  easy  to  believe  that  the  former  would  not 
surrender  his  position  as  superior,  which  he  had  held  for 
years,  without  a  struggle;  and  there  exists  some  evidence 
that  the  two  men  were  not  on  friendly  terms.  Father  de 
St  Pierre  after  his  conflict  with  the  vicar  general  sup^rarted 

•  PriMed  f».  p.  I4S.    Ym  S«.  PivTP  ^mA  mm  nvAiwà  Wl  po««n,  t*^  p.  jga. 

*  TW  iMIcf  b  fcinilMl  poM,  (k  f4« 
»  *>*.  [I  5H- 


ECCXESUSnCAL  AFFAIRS 


^ 


the  cause  of  Father  Gibault.  In  a  letter  to  Barthelend 
Taidiveau,  the  Illinois  agent  to  Congress,  he  urged  the 
appointment  of  Father  Gibault  as  vicar  general,  for  be 
writes,  "he  has  always  exercised  [it]  with  honor  &  satis 
faction  to  his  brethren,  our  neighbors,  &  all  the  Christians."  * 
Only  once  did  Father  de  la  Valinière  mention  Father 
Gibault  in  his  correspondence,  but  that  once  is  sufficient 
to  show  his  opiniwi.  A  year  after  his  arrival  at  Kaskaskia. 
he  was  already  displeased  with  his  position,  and  wrote  on 
May  26,  1787,  to  the  bishop  of  Quebec,  begging  to  be  per- 
mitted to  return  to  Canada.  Concerning  the  conditions 
in  Illinois  be  wrote:  "A  Carmelite  without  letters  of  priest- 
hood has  come  here  and  is  arousing  the  people  to  insurrec- 
tion, and  M.  Gibault  continues  alwa>'s  the  conduct  which 
is  known  to  you."  '  Father  de  la  Valinière  was  not  the  only 
priest  who  longed  for  an  opportum'ty  to  leare  the  Illinois 
œuntry  to  reside  in  Canada.  In  all  the  letters  of  Father 
Gibault  to  the  bkhop  of  Quebec,  he  begged  the  latter  to  recall 
him.  Even  Father  de  St.  Pierre  grew  wean*  of  the  harsh  life 
of  the  frontier  and  wrote  a  letter  to  a  fellow  priest  in  which  he 
requested  to  be  permitted  to  serve  in  the  diocese  of  Quebec' 
The  difficulties  that  Father  de  la  Valinière  created  for 
himself  in  eoJesiastical  affairs  were  nothing  to  the  storm 
he  aroused  by  his  interference  in  politics.  As  was  pointed 
out  in  the  introduction  to  the  Cafwkia  Râcords*  his 
nature  was  such  as  to  fit  him  to  give  such  an  impetus  to 
French  opix>sition  to  the  tyranny  of  John  Dodge  as 
"to  make  their  uprising  successful;  and  it  is  probable  that 
his  influence  was  one  of  the  principal  factors  that  led  to 

ilMi  Hit  hmr  rtMixlM  iliÉt  VilwBïi  >>il  i^ili  f  mFewmIiIi  iipiMi  iiiimiBÉii.liiiii 


iivi 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


the  political  changes  in  Kaskaskia  in  1786  and  1787,  by 
which  the  faction  of  Doclge  was  overthrown  and  the  French 
party  placed  in  the  ascendency.  The  assistance  that  the 
priest  rendered  at  this  time  must  have  won  for  him  a  cer- 
tain amount  of  lemjwrary  popularity  and  have  made  the 
people  ready,  for  a  time,  to  tolerate  his  hasty  temper  and 
arbitrary  rulings  in  church  matters;  but,  when  he  con- 
tinued what  they  regarded  as  his  ecclesiastical  tjranny,  and 
also  attempted  to  prolong  factional  discord  in  politics, 
after  the  visit,  in  the  summer  of  1787,  of  the  United  States 
troops  under  Colonel  Harmar,  whose  conciliatory  action 
tended  to  harmonize  the  factions;  and  particularly  when  he 
opposed  the  proposal  of  Barthclcmi  Tardiveau  to  seek  from 
the  Continental  Congress  some  reparation  to  the  French 
for  their  sufferings  by  a  grant  of  land,  all  the  hot  passions 
of  the  people,  which  had  been  somcwliat  restrained  bylhcir 
respect  for  the  priestly  ofTice,  broke  out  ;  and  in  the  defence 
of  their  agent  in  Congress,  they  drew  up  that  long  list  of 
grievances  against  Father  dc  la  \*alinière,  which  is  printed 
in  this  volume.'  They  accused  him  of  demanding  money 
for  licenses  for  the  marriage  of  slaves,  such  as  had  never 
before  been  chîtrged,  and  with  preaching  publicly  against 
M.  Janis  for  refusing  to  submit  thereto;  they  claimed  that 
he  insulted  his  parishioners  from  the  pulpit  and  called 
them  Tories,  rebels,  and  traitors;  they  said  that  he  had 
encouraged  the  reWval  of  "superannuated  lawsuits;"  that 
he  was  the  leader  of  an  unreconciled  faction;  that  he  had 
denied  the  sacraments  to  people  simply  because  he  hated 
them.  The  list  of  accusations  is  a  long  one,  and  should 
be  read;  but  it  should  be  remembered  tliat  it  was  made 
for  the  purpose  of  discrediting  the  statements  made  by  the 


ECCLESIASTICAL  AFFAIRS 


ilvn 


priest  to  Congress,  wherein  be  opposed  the  grant  of  land 
to  the  French.  To  make  their  point  the  accusers  hare 
evidently  included  erery  act  of  the  priest  that  could  in  any 
way  be  shown  to  be  tyrannical  and  arrogant. 

Are  these  accusations  true  ?  That  is  difficult  to  deter- 
mine, but  our  judgment  should  be  tempered  with  a  knowl- 
edge of  the  situation  in  the  Illinois  villages.  Kaskaskia 
had  been  without  regular  religious  guidance  for  several 
j-ears;  and  no  doubt  the  conditions  prevailing  there 
might  have  been  described  in  the  words,  probably 
extravagant,  which  Father  Gibault  used  concerning  Vin- 
ccnnes:  "You  know  neither  these  re^ons  nor  the 
manner  and  nces  of  those  who  inhabit  tlu^m.  In 
Canada  all  is  d\iUzcd,  here  all  is  barbarous.  You  are 
in  the  midst  of  justice,  here  injustice  dominates.  There 
is  no  distinction  from  the  greatest  to  the  least  except  that  of 
force;  of  the  tongue  pernicious,  calumniatory,  and  slander- 
ous; of  crying  very  loud  and  ^ving  forth  all  sorts  of  insults 
and  oaths.  Evei>'body  is  in  poverty  which  engenders  theft 
and  rapine.  Wantonness  and  drunkenness  pass  here  as 
elegances  and  amusements  quite  in  style.  Breaking  of 
limbs,  murder  by  means  of  a  dagger,  sabre,  or  sword  (for 
he  who  wills  carries  one),  are  common,  and  pbtols  and 
guns  are  but  to)-s  in  these  regions.  And  who  has  one  to 
fear  but  the  strongest?  No  commandant,  no  troops,  no 
prison,  no  hangman,  always,  as  in  small  places,  a  crowd  of 
relatix'es  or  allies  who  sustain  each  other;  in  a  word  absolute 
impunity  for  these  and  ill  luck  for  the  stranger.  I  could 
name  a  great  number  of  persons  assassinated  in  all  the  vil- 
lages of  this  region,  French,  English,  and  Spanish  without 
any  consequence  whatsoever;  but  I  shall  satisfy  mjracif  in 
naming  two  recently  murdered  :  M.  Guyon,  the  younger,  who 


xlviii 


ILLINOIS   HTSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Studied  at  Montreal,  killed  his  father-in-law  with  a  gun  at 
Kaskaskia;  and,  yesterday  evening,  one  named  Bellerose 
killed  another  man  here  with  a  knife.  In  a  month  I  fear 
I  may  be  able  to  count  ten  of  these  murders.  In  spiritual 
matters  everything  is  the  same  or  even  worse.  The  most 
solemn  feasts  and  Sundays  are  days  given  up  to  dances  and 
drunkenness  and  consequently  to  quarrels  and  battles. 
With  dissension  in  the  homes,  fathers  and  mothers  in  dîs- 
conî  with  their  children,  girls  subome<i  an<l  mvLshed  in  the 
woods,  a  thousand  other  disorders  which  you  are  able  to 
infer  from  these."  ^ 

This  picture  is  probably  overdrawn,  but  in  the  eyes  of 
a  religious  enthusiast  such  a.s  Father  de  la  Valinière,  it 
would  have  exactly  described  his  view  of  Kaskaskia.  His 
position  as  priest  demanded  that  he  reform  his  parish,  and 
had  he  been  asked  to  defend  himself  against  the  accusations 
of  his  parishioners,  his  answer  might  well  have  been  again 
in  the  words  of  Father  Glbault:  "Can  the  people  who  do 
such  things  endure  a  priest,  who  spares  nothing  in  order 
to  set  the  faults  of  these  sinners  Ixforc  their  vcrj'  eyes,  and 
openly  rebukes  them  with  vigor  in  private  and  public,  with- 
out avenging  them^lvcs,  at  least  by  their  tongues,  for  the 
restraint  to  which  he  reduces  them  and  for  the  shame  to 
which  they  are  exposed,  for  often  they  believe  themselves 
well  hidden.  On  account  of  this  they  slander  the  priest 
in  every  way,  treating  him  as  they  will  without  fearing 
anything."  ' 

The  difficulties  of  determining  the  truth  of  the  accusa- 
tions against  Father  de  la  Valinière  arc  vcrj'  great,  for  they 
were  made  by  men  eager  to  discredit  his  testimony  and 


</M(,p.s4l. 
■  Fed.  p.  144. 


ECCLESIASTTCAL  AFFADIS 


iBz 


îiritated  by  his  attempts  at  a  reform  of  spiritual  coDditions. 
Still  after  all  allowances  arc  made  for  these  circumstances, 
the  memory  of  the  succession  of  similar  outbreaks  in  his 
former  and  later  parishes  makes  us  believe  that  he  was 
peculiarly  unfitted  to  minister  to  a  pioneer  commum'ty. 
Here  as  elsewhere  his  career  lea^'es  in  the  mind  a  picture  of 
a  man  who  was  hot-headed,  erratic,  arbitrary-,  and  tactless. 
His  moralit}',  his  learning,  and  his  generosity  to  the  poor 
were  not  sufficient  to  counterbalance  these  faults.  His  inter- 
ference in  political  affairs  had  made  impossible  his  further 
usefulness  in  Illinois,  for  only  a  handful  of  Frenchmen 
still  dei-otedly  followed  his  lead.  He  must  ha\^  realized 
his  failure,  and  with  a  heavy  heart  left  the  village  in  1787,  or 
the  early  part  of  1788,  to  return  to  the  East  by  way  of  New 
Orleans.  The  remaining  years  of  his  life  do  not  interest 
us  here.  After  serving  for  a  time  in  New  York  State,  he 
returned  to  Canada,  for  which  he  had  a  warm  affection, 
and  there  be  died  in  1806.' 

At  the  time  of  the  departure  of  the  vicar-general,  he  left 
in  his  district  the  two  priests  with  whom  he  had  quarreled. 
Father  Gîbault  at  Vincenncs,  and  Father  de  St.  Pierre 
at  Cahokia.  Neither  of  these  were  to  remain  long  on  the 
American  side.  This  was  the  period  of  the  Spanish  ascen- 
dency in  the  West,  when  the  government  of  Spain  was  mak- 

every  effort  to  spread  her  influence  up  and  ilovm  the 
àippi.  To  this  end  she  intrigued  with  Kentucky 
leaders,  and  was  generous  in  her  offering  of  land  grants 
to  all  immigrants.  Particularly  did  she  tempt  the  French 
settlers  in  Illinois  by  offering  and  actually  giving  them  gener- 
ous plantations  in  the  Spanish  territory.  In  order  to  make 
the  attractions  greater,  Catholic  priests  were  needed;  and 


1 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL   COLLECTIOÎ^ 


two  ends  would  be  served  by  securing  those  on  the  American 
side:  Spain  would  supply  her  own  needs  and  would  leave 
the  French  settlements  in  the  United  States  without  spiritual 
guidance.  Father  de  St.  Pierre  was  the  first  to  accept  the 
offers  and  in  1789  took  charge  of  the  parish  of  Stc  Genevieve, 
which  he  served  till  1797.^  Father  Gibault  succeeded  St. 
Pierre  at  Cahokia  and  for  two  years  resisted  the  pressure 
of  the  Spanish  authorities  to  secure  his  services.  He  was 
finally  persuaded,  in  1792,  to  follow  many  of  his  parishioners 
of  Illinois  îïcross  the  river,  where  he  became  priest  of  New 
Madrid.'  A  third  priest,  Father  Ledru,  sent  by  Mr.  Car- 
roll to  Illinois  in  1789,  scarcely  stopped  at  all  on  the  eastern 
shore,  but  passed  to  St.  I^ouis  the  same  year.*  Thus  ended 
in  failure  the  first  attempt  to  organise  the  Catholic  Church 
in  the  Northwest  under  the  United  States.  The  history 
of  success  belongs  to  a  later  period. 

'i>iMi.p.sij, 

* Tlau'Cl:,  JlUlaty  vj  UUuurt.ti.,  loi;  Duim.  "Failur  Ciltauli,  llw  Pairioi  PrIeMcf  th*  North- 
«(«,"  in  TnunaiUoin  of  the  til.  SfaSt  Jliil.  Sixirh,  Igaj,  p.  u. 
*fo»(,  p.  siy 


KASKASKIA  RECORDS 

1778-1790 


9  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

From  what  passed  between  M^  Keimady  *  &  myself  I  was  ia  hopes  you 
would  have  sent  a  parcel  of  Horses  and  Breed*  Mares  (particularly  the 
latter  of  the  Spanish  Breed)  by  Land  to  Pittsburgh  or  Philad".  I  have 
never  since  then  heard  from  you.  The  Conveyance  between  New 
Orleans  &  Philad'  is  now  blocked  up  by  the  misunderstanding  between 
the  Colonies  &  Brittain.  We  are  contending  for  our  Liberties  &  have 
hitherto  succeeded  beyond  our  Hopes,  for  Quebec  is  the  only  Port  now 
occupied,  by  the  British  Forces  in  America. 

I  have  now  to  request  that  you  will  purchase  &  send  to  me  at  Pitts- 
bltfgh  so  as  to  arrive  there  next  October  or  November,  fifteen,  twenty  or 
Thirty  of  the  best  Mares  &  Geldings  or  Horses  you  can  purchase  &  in 
April  or  May  following  as  many  more,  always  preferring  breed'  Mares 
or  Fillies  of  the  Spanish  Breed  &  none  to  exceed  8  or  9  years  old,  for  all 
which  I  will  either  allow  you  the  Cost  &  Charges  or  what  they  shall  be 
valued  at  on  their  arrival  at  Pittsburgh  by  two  Persons  to  be  mutually 
chosen  by  us  or  our  Attomies,  as  you  shall  advise  me  by  Silver  Heels 
Return. 

I  have  some  time  since  undertaken  the  disposal  of  the  Lands  in  Indi- 
ana or  the  Retribution  Grant,  for  the  Proprietors  ;*  of  whom  your  R.  W. 
is  one,  &:  considerably  interested.  I  suppose  his  Share  will  be  near 
;i^ooo  sterl".    They  have  appointed  me  Secretary  &  Receiver  General 

*  f&trlck  Kenaedji  prabab^y  went  to  KA»1utU«  u  aa  agmi  of  Btroi^Oi  WhartgD  ft  iSatzm  u 

aiity  n*  i;AA,  noil  v>ii  mlrrrd  liilu  [srlnotlilii  *ilb  Kithard  WiiuUin  In  iTjt  Krannlif  rrudr  un 
npêdiiion  u-p  ih«  lllinoiirivrr  in  «tuch  of  eai>ptt  minot.  The  jciinuJ,  which  ht  krp'i  wnipriniei]  hy 
rilthat  Iiiiiar,  In  hit  ra^ifrapiiiiaX  ntatriplio»  el  lln  Weiltnt  Terrilary  »}  NdrlW  Amrtmi,  jJ  rA  ,  1>in- 

cLc.p.  HI.  Krnntity  wui  rriJrtillr'iiicnf  llie  indcT*  «rhu «jrmiBthurJ  «rftli  the  Antrffrnn  caukCmd 
pnhbabl)>u»r4  liLsinâumn  iraotiiiihi?  Frmch,  fci  on  account  afpvrMcuLidilficutliBwiifa  h»pattii«, 

Vltim  Cv/xsK  Rogtn  Clark  9.pi>Àr«d,  Kraatily  w>i  immMlUtriT  ut  t1b«]andapp>iDinl  <a  lli«  Mmmb- 
s»r)i  Jfiarltiirnt.     i"  B<jwrTinii*ir  JiiUfiu!  '*  in  P.niilnli.  W,  M  .  Cettqtuii  o/  JAf  inrilary  Sjirlkvrit  of 

)  Al  ÛK  oii<hT«ii](  of  (hr  Indian  War  iHiciirn  ni  the  CoiMpJnqr  o(  Pootiac.  nuny  Uadcn,  wh-ii  ha<l 
niriiKl  inM  i1ir  Wng  olih  ilirii  KiKiiiaulin  thr  f»ll  vfFuri  DuqiHUi«,fliUrfmlMiw«luwM.  Tbcyini- 
innliiilrl)'  prliliDnn]  (>nirr.J  (idxcuid  lalct  the  Briliih  (iortnuncnt  Set  teimtnirxemMit.  Init  n»!  «uc- 
cttdioa,  tiirnnlii>i3icIn>llinislreBiwtioai$l(  Wllliim  JobiiaoD  ti»(]«xtTiLCt<da  jjramiKafrfU'iliuii'Ki. 
A<  Ihc  rrntr  of  Van  Suriwii.iaijW,d,Er>nta(lBn<l,  amithol  liieOhti,1yiAK  between  lliel.itilcKrif 
sirlu  «od  the  Munonrttirii.  wi«  nudg  tu  ucnr  of  ihc  ttaier*  hy  tbf  5b  Naiioiii,  Tb^r  indm  ihcn 
nUilil  i«hrri  IhcIndLaru  Co,  anii  tail  Majiji  Trent  tin  J  S-lhiilcI  \l'lviiti-n  (o  Rnjcliiiid  lL>|imallirlr  ditnu. 
(a  tT^';,  Ihere  mspubllthnj  la  LonJoii  a  pamplilri  cniillnl  "  Vinr  o<  thr  Tilk  (o  IttduiU,  A  Tnctol 
Counlty  iin  the  Kirrr  <  )hki  "  Tli»  niii  irjirtiiltil  iti  l'1iil.-ir|e-1p]ii,i  in  1-76  Altrr  Ix-int  iMiribod  lo 
iCTCTit  pctwms,  (511  the  tr^tifncmy  iif  Ilu  Sininiirt.  Sarnuïl  Wharton  U  now  accepted  u  the  AutW:  but 
aaotber  fras.-is»ti>il(il  willi  him,  l.ir  Kilir.inl  HonCTolt  irriiiiig  i.>  Ucnî.itnm  l-'ianlilinoo  Auiu»!  7,  t77J, 
dkint  th»l  be  u4  WharwonTOlcil.    CdVmAj/  W  f'anWi»  J'afen  \a  Amer.   I'hll.  Socieiy,  I.,  ijj. 

OnOctoha  1,  1776,  the  (.rofiriedir» -if  [n.li'nii»  «r-nt  s  mrnioiiij  mi  Ihc  »ubtei-|  n(  ihrir  daim 
tOthcCcncral  Aawmblr»!  Vlnrini«.bui  ihtit  demanda  were  relcOed  in  1771-  'lli*  propiifWrm 
llm  bnMi|)U  thrlc  daim»  brfrirr  Ci.iifrr*»  wlirir  rlitr  yrtrtt  landinnnl.  \  iirw  CDinpnny  InA  [he 
qucstioolâinitOtlxSuprTmeCourtof  the  United Sutei;  but  VlriinU  hnvlnii  (c«<irr>l  ih? rlf^rnth 
■  mfwirn^t  to  lbs  Cotutilni  inn.  byohïcb  ïndivMuals  rrf  oat  ttair  wm  prohibited  from  lirlnningmiEt 
MklMt  aaMlMr  atiK,  the Mbjcct  mi  doKd.  OMi  Co.ifSS.  In  ihe  l'a.  Illêi.  Soc.;  Vitm  oi  llu 
TOâtt  f«dAiM  {Pblladdphfai.  i-nS>:  Va  Suit  Papna;  Wiiwor,  tfiiftMnf  Vnmaf, 96;  /««• 
mial Ikt HmtÊ »} Muaiu tl  Va.,  Joue.  iTTd. 


MORGAN  TO  WINSTON,  JULY  6,  1776' 

of  the  Land  Office,  bul  the  Troubles  prevents  my  proceeding  further  at 
present  especially  as  I  am  much  engaged  as  Superintendant  for  Indian 
Affiurs.  But  I  think  it  may  t>c  well  worth  your  R.  W.s  making  a  Trip 
this  Way  with  Sih-cr  ÎTeels;  by  him  I  will  expect  at  least  three  or  four 
of  the  handsomest  breed'  Marcs  you  can  purchase  &  send  to  me. 
Tomorrow  I  shall  Set  out  on  my  Return  to  Pittsb"  where  I  shall  gen- 
erally reside  5:  hope  to  hear  vcjy  particularly  from  you  if  not  see  you 
with  Silver  Heels. 

I  am  with  Regard  Your  most  Ob*  Scrv* 

Geo:  MoRCAK.' 

Whatever  Remittances  you  can  make  in  the  Bill  Way  will  be  very 
acceptable.  What  could  a  few  thousand  w*  of  Pouder  &  Lead  be 
purchased  for  at  the  Illinois?  Do  acquaint  mc  with  the  prices  of  Dry 
'  Goods  in  general  &  encourage  your  Friends  to  send  an  Adventurer  to 
Pittsburgh  this  Fall  or  next  Spring  of  Stroud  w^*"  sells  there  for  £21.10, 
p.  pices. 


'  Oeoiee  Mornu,  aoo  qÎ  Evan.  w»a  bora  in  Pfelkdeliihi*  in  iT4i.«u«lucal«d  ftl  rrincclon  Col- 
lcCP,*iuJ  }i)innl,iiiler  (nidgutinn.  ihr  trading  Ann  uf  Ib/nlun  md  Uf  IuiIiiq  The  ihrre  ouinm  wrrc 
taaa  Ouown  tnU  bnuidil  diliiculiia  Ijv  Ihtlr  lomtt  U  Iha  time  of  lb«  outmafc  Of  Uw  CcMWpintcy  nf 
Ponibc.  The  firm deuiminnl  ii>  viiMmw  (tom  riie  bmtnen  of  tnuHiwuiMoamjtliejr^lKiuld  rM-nvn 
front  Uieir  l«aui,  4lld  ipnul  Itrir  cnettia  ha  Uad  tpccoUtlon.  la  t}H  tb«r  look  mmimm  to  b(injt 
thiir  a)]J«i  iboul  bj  mding  ibHt  jaaag  pirnuT  lo  die  HlbnU  ciiuattj,  what  they  «iKcwd  lo  n»[t 
Uffc  laoAu  hr  Mpplyinc  IKt  ronl  ttnoitt  «ilK  iMoviaiiinA,  (tadincwitli  Un  Frtncb,  tna  tniimt  fun; 
■ncslRbinii  inaumetlrne  ùuj  lortned  >  omptiny  wlUi  (tovmuit  FraolLl  in  and  ^  mil  Lm  JohoMnlo 
«ukIlmc  bud  in  ibe  lUiaoii.    Bnjaniin  Franklin  cofuenwd  touoociilt  himself  vith  ibtiknd  ano' 

^mnr  anil  tMom*  Im  rqireM«iut<ve  la  Ensloiul,  wbare  hU  fHendslilii  «Uh  I.iir[|  Slii-IIiuniv  gnvr  Ihb 
Pliilulelpliiï  aHocialiiA  mi  adranUM  ova  oAct  canpelilnn.  The  failure  ol  Ihia  t^xn  utd  (he  j«r- 
tldiNiiaa  ol  Samnrl  WlwrMn  In  tti»  Wt,l  polr  Company  wiraiuad  bb  panovt.  At  Ihv  trwty  d  Fori 
Slaiiwli  Ibe  arm  «ere  anboac  thaie1ndenrciinbunolb;IbelAdlaiMby«graal  of  land  WMlti  iif  Ihe 
OUo.  ThBpv«tU«iotlMladknaCum^ny  wlihwhMGcotivMorinnwsiwdONlyaMortainlfoT 
lanjryean.     Moruaipent mtnl  jttn in Illifioii fmni  ijM nnwarda, le*vlii( therein  1770 iv raity 

^  Ibc  noil  mf ,     Th«  tnd*  wu  nM  to  Ruccwajoj  uhad  beta  onlkipatni  b*  Ibe  nulnen     line  Mor  ■ 

^^U  bcanw  iurdved  in  dbpuie*  with  Uie  arUtrarj  linitnunl-Cdood  WULlna,  Uw  commaivUiii.  ^nd 
WU  Ihteiwii  inio  ptbun. 

ll  «M>  during  the  year*  he  «i^mt  in  Illiniii»  dut  he  i^tiitnl  lh>(  kiia'"lni4r  <il  lltR  Indinm  ihct  he 
wed  iBKr in  lb<  intenal  ol  lb« rrvollitiK fotonln.  Al  IbeoulbitskodheRernluliFinuY  Warbp  thoK 
tbcMtIc  ul  liJA  Cdunlrymcn  and  ViU  drclot  hr  Cuncraa,  April  lo.  itT^i  acrni  Tii  Imtian  alfair»  in  (he 

F-abUladefnmneiii.  Jn  thiipmElian  hcuMbblriawUilpwIAlKlBdunt  incounwrmd  iht  Rritkb 
wlumcc  aiDonj  Iheiulîonv  I^lcr  Mornnwnatn  lbecoininifaMr7deinrtmtnlur  the  Bimy  and  %%iait 
with  Wwhtngton  llui  urine  «bit«r  at  Valler  Forge; 

After  Ihc  RrvriluLiiiniity  War  be  turned  tiUtrea  <rc(twaida(>i>>,and,  aller  an  uniuccevdiLJ  eCnet  lo 
ntdl  U  unonent  oitti  Ihc  Coatfnenttl  CoDjcrna  for  londhlhe  lllinob  «iiuntrv,  hniinrri|r<l  what 
aettppOêS  w*»  »  brfeirsni  tciim  ihc  S|iint>!i  itDvinunrnt  ±ni  founded  tiew  NLiil/id.  AlihuMgh  Ihe 
HRlaXMBt  m*  CXIcntil'èly  advimi»fd  tnd  mxnj  hiil  ^nuaital  l»  Juin  II.  the  w:hnne  vu  litnusht  19 
lMH|lllbT  tberrtatal  d!  (•uvrmo  Mir^:  ii>  i:->iiliiiii  iheerani,    Thu  rduul  iru  Inr^rly  dat  (■>  the  in- 

,  triCUM  el  liencral  WUkiruoa.    Ailer  ihii  l^ilurr  Cul»ii'l  Miirtia  wiilnl  un  hin  l.irni  ol  Muricuiu  in 
V  PransylT-jnii,  whtte  he  diirl  in  ■Sn>      r»»1iiiiel  Murtcm  w,ti  thtimiclio"'  hiiHfe  fond  û(  urticul- 

,'  Bmb    Even  «hm  a  youni  man  he  inirwIuCTd  mure  mudrm  mi-ihmlit  Binanji  lb»  Jr«ich  o(  Illinoli  tod 

l^lurlbuied  Im  (mil  tree*  and  Tegrtablr  »nl  in  ilinn      Ai  ÏIiitahiiai  he  had  a  modd  larm  which  *■■ 

■fcnirtd br many  viiteon.    CÛter.C.  E..8rAiiJk  A/n«Mni /lM«('jJiaiinU1n*orE^{M.ioo3:Houdi, 

_,,  Jttaoty  »]  lifUtmri,  II.,  109  H  iif-   tlardinf,  liilU  Mt#pin,  '■I.Hh;  uf  ColnncI  Oeme  Mot(iii." 

I  h  WtiliiittPit  Oiitntr,  May  11,1004:  ^unrMi  p/ (*/ C^Xri/wIiJ  C-w/'m  Icomull  lodci):   GeiK« 

[  iSiir^n'ufjIlrrKimir!  in  C-iiTittliflSbnTy.  ntltburs.  and  Ci>iiv  "'."i  Illlnni*  Sl.il' Hlil   Ulifir)-:  MSS. 

[  fcoiaa)  nillrcinl  riiim  ilnctn^inti  In  pMmdoovf  edlWr;  MSS.  in  Pa..  Uiat.  Sodclï:  MïS.  m  Ulvl- 

itioa  of  Pulilk  Recordi,  Pa.  Slalc  library. 


H 


4  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Match  Coats jgjo  &  £35. 

Linnens  such  as  used  to  sell  at  a/6  Jk  3/-  are  now  6/-  &  9/-. 
Powder  fb  Lead  in  greal  demand. 
[Addressed:]   A  Mess™ 

Mess"  Winston  &;  Keiinady  Neg*"  aux  Illinois. 
[Endanrd/]     N"  ti. 

Daniel  Mukrav  to  Governor  Carlrton,  March  31,  1777. 

[K.  MSS.,  Court  Record,  f.  lOJ. —  Atlc»led  copy.] 

Illinois  SsK 

To  his  Excel'  General  Carlton  Uovemour  of  the  province  of  Canada 
&ca  Sics.  Residing  at  Quebec' 

The  Petiiicin  of  Daniel  Murray  '  Agent  for  the  Contractors  Patrick 
Kennedy,  and  Thomas  Bentley'  of  Ka&ka&kias  Merchants  Uumbly 
She  wet  h 

Thai  Sinue  Capt  Hugh  Lord's  departure  *  from  this  Country  &  M' 
Dc  Rwhclikve'  being  vested  with  the  liovcrn™*  wc  your  Humble  Peti- 
tioners, and  his  Majesty's  most  Faithful  Subjects  find  to  our  bitter 
Grief  our  Lilicrtics  Trampled  upLtn  and  Justice  in  all  cases  Refused  us, 
and  when  wc  presume  to  argue  on  Such  injustice,  the  Said  De  Rochc- 
blavr  ruts  the  maier  Short  by  Informing  us  that  Such  ts  the  Laws  in 
Frame  which  he  orders  us  to  follow,  Saying  he  knows  no  other;  that 
we  being  the  only  English  merch"  or  Inhabitants  Residing  in  this  place 

'  Tlih petilUn w» puliMibn] (>x I uclgr BwlEnith  in  the  /IJ. //ul.CsitfnïKMi.i  .ivt.ud  uiIm  (o 
Mitk.  Uitl.  CMutioHi,  xii.,  jji.  Thccupi»  xr^tx  ukca  Irim  Ihccopr  in  lb«  llAldimin'd  Colleciliin 
la  Um  On«^»lr»i»  Archivn  A  compciKuMi  wilh  iliir  .ibovr  cnpyihtnn  nmny  ili!1rrmrr>.  vimru!  ■rhidi 
knoodeilbtduEto  th«niuukoi>l  tbc  iTrDciiicTibewl»  nude  tbii  truucript  \a  the  Court  Kccûrd, 
batothcnirr  of  sudi  schancm  ihil  Ihecondiiiicia  maM  be  ital  Uttiilo.  "lime  nninc  a  ilsned  to 
dKCOMin  thclUtdlnutidCellcttoii.in>dcccruiad>an|C«tatliepclillon  hdorcïcndtcijlilIoiMcciv- 
CTTlarM  Cuuda.  Wrnu.rrqpid.  thnrlorr.  the  copy  hncpriated  aion  uidrr  Jrafl  ii{  tEv  peliticHi.  la 
sc^leodhemAar  laulu  due  lathe  FtencbtcrttM.  AfcVomiMlMU  haT«  boen luprit jcd  from  Uw  lUdl- 
lusd  oopy. 

'  Dsnid  MuTTBV  vat  brollifT  of  (h«  beHcr  knowo  Wiltkro  Uumiy.  who  «mc  l-o  the  lllirvi»  Coua- 
liyin  1 767»»  tlir  j(riil  "f  llir  Pliiliiilrl[ihiii  finnitt  PnnhaaodCo.  tiater  the  kluirayn  formni  s,  pirl- 
ncnhip  will)  Louii  \  Ivul  of  KdiLisUi  and  M  IttrM  w«r«  bueroud  in  (be  purchase  ol  Uod  jrom  the 
Indioiu  by  llir  llliimiii  aiirl  llic  Wnluuh  l^n'i  Cnw.fminin,  llinld  Mtirmy  wit  in  ku>Li.ikLi  iC  Ihr 
llntt  Clirt  o«i3pi*d  tbe  villaiR  and  kivv  tluit  olTitwdwi'li']  hriij,  Hcranaineil  in  ICiul^iïii  during 
the  following  frar>  and  wa»  thtil  in  tt  cgiiarrrl  ntrr  nmnrr  alT«irAr  Amrr.  SUii^  F^ipm,  Pttidu  l^indi 
(conaull  ittdex  under  Illinibkivl  WmbubLsniJ  Co);  George  Morgta,  trUrr  ilw^,  copy  in  111.  Suic 
Hiu.  Libnr>,   XuiJbiiM  USS^  fna.p.tH. 

*  Cowuli  Ind<i  <A  til   nul  CKl^rÙmu,  I),  uu)  of  ihtit  «iiliimt. 

*  Capuifl  Huf t)  l«rd  woi  Itic  lut  Urflitb  oAcct  coinn)Aa<Slnc  la_  Ulloot*.  Mc  wiu  appointed 
June  II.  1J7I,  and  withdrew  «ilh  Mt  Itaopi  in  Ma).  177^  ll  naa  durinx  hi)  cnnimand  that  Fori  dc 
ChutKi  KM  atandbncd  at  Ihc  corniiund  of  Ucncnd  Gtge.  C:iptBlii  l^ord  Ki\e  trt±i  utMxciion  tu 
the  pRficb  lahahLLaniii.  KjiknttU  USS :  Ama.a^»'  I.  Faftti.  in  PtiUic  Rrtord  lyf^ia,  W. 
tifii  UAion.  K-  U.,  Kfidntlau  Pa^t't,  in  Chinco  EOtt. Society*  <:<ilUtttetii.  l<r, 

*Roch()ilaTcnulbea£Cn)k(l  in  chiiceof  Dritnh  înlerolt  In  Itiinakby  ConUin  Liird,  when  the 
bttct  ielt  the  COWID7.  Sor/A  /fiii.C<'''KJi«i,^ll.  (mtiuill  Indn):  iiitam,'?..G.,  FkHif  RmMMw* 
axai  the  JEoefctUaw  raptfi.  in  Chio>(o  Hist.  SoCJiMy's  Cffi;Rjin<i,  it 


MURRAY  TO  CARLETON,  MARCH  31,  1777  5 

VK  take  the  liberty  In  Represent  lo  you  our  unhappy  Situation  and  to  Uy 
our  Grievances  before  you  hoping  from  you  a  Speedy  and  Imediatc 
Redress,  for  without  Such  it  will  not  be  possible  for  an  Englishman  to 
Remain  in  this  Country  as  the  said  De  Rocheblavc  is  daily  imposing 
upon  us  by  denying  us  the  Justice  which  by  law  and  Equity  we  have  a 
right  to  Demand  at  his  hands  both  for  the  Security  of  our  Property  as 
as  well  as  our  Persons,  neither  of  which  we  look  upon  to  [be]  safe  under 
our  Government  as  Englishmen  and  English  L^ws  are  to  our  very  great 
Mortification  dispised  by  the  public  in  General  and  apears  lo  be  so  by 
him  the  said  Rocheblave  in  Particular.  That  with  Such  Inhabitants  as 
we  happen  to  have  any  Controversy  respecting  ace'''  or  demands  [,  un- 
avoidable in  business,  he  acts  in  the  first  place  as  Counsel]  for  such 
against  us,  and  afterward  as  Judge.  He  one  day  decides  an  affair  in  our 
favour  and  immediately  after  Issues  out  a  Sentence  for  the  opposite  party 

—  that  contrary  to  our  wise  Constitution  and  to  the  great  Detriment  of 
the  Merchants  here  he  acts  in  the  Capacity  of  a  trader  buying  and 
Selling  goods  both  by  wholesale  &  Retail  &  has  been  known  to  make 
Proposals  fur  the  purchasing  of  a  Ca[^n  to  a  very  Considerable  amo^ 
which  he  would  have  Effected  bad  his  Credit  tjcen  efjuivalent  thereto  — 
public  adveniscm'  with  Rcsjjcct  to  Property  he  onicrs  in  most  arbitrary 
manrr  to  be  lorn  down  which  he  ha»  Ikco  known  to  do  twice  in  one  day. 
He  forbid  the  trading  of  liquor  t»  the  Sa%-agrs  under  the  Severe  Penalty 
of  two  Hundred  dollars  '  and  those  very  Savages  Not  withstanding  such 
orders  being  constantly  Drunk  when  in  the  Village  upon  an  enquiry 
matle  arcu.sc<l  him  Even  to  his  fare  of  Ijcing  the  Very  person  that  Intoxi- 
cated them  with  Rum  or  Taffia  which  they  Said  he  sold  unto  them  for 
Beaver  and  Otters  &c  &c.  Such  is  his  partiality  in  favour  of  the  French 
that  upon  the  approach  of  savages  coming  to  war  last  Spring  he  .sent  nut 
a  party  of  men  under  French  coutors  to  know  the  design  of  their  coming, 
that  Such  partiality  is  not  to  be  wondered  al  when  we  consider  the  said 
Rocheblave  on  this  country's  lidng  taken  jKisscssion  of  by  the  English 
abandoned  his  property  here  and  j)refered  the  Spanish  Govemm*  loours 

—  taking  the  oaths  of  Allegiance  thereto — That  Tis  not  withmilthe 
Cognizance  of  any  [icr»on  in  this  Country  so  far  as  we  can  Learn  that  he 
the  said  Rochebla^-e  has  ever  been  qualified  by  taking  the  Oalhs  of  AUc- 
^ance  or  Supremacy  previous  to  the  holding  of  such  an  Office.    That 


■folhwrf4rfhffc''   dmutnlMti 


6  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

abstracted  from  all  manner  of  Prejudice  whalsovvtir  wt;  do  Dot  took  upon 
tlie  said  Kochebkve,  from  bis  Behaviour  al  all  times  und  his  Piirtiality 
against  us  on  all  Occatioos  to  be  by  any  means  as  EtigLishman's  Friend 
having  endeavored  to  throw  Asjjcrtions  on  the  Charrecter  of  some  of  us 
without  the  Least  Foundation  and  merely  intended  tu  Veil  his  own  Ini- 
quitous Practices  openly  countenancing  Known  Villains  in  opposition 
against  us  &  even  Encouraging  Savages  to  Rob  our  Boats  whose  Sole 
motive  was  that  of  Trading  amongst  them  in  ibeir  winter  Hunting 
Grounds. 

We  humbly  hope  that  your  Excellency  will  be  Kind  Enough  to  Com- 
passionate our  Situation  and  Grant  us  Such  Redress  and  that  in  the  most 
Speedy  manner  possible  as  British  Subjects  have  a  right  to  Expect  at 
the  hands  of  an  English  Govemour,  and  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty 
bound  wiU  Ever  Fray,    dated  at  Kaâkaskîas  the  31st  March  1777. 

Et  Plus  Bas  Est  Ecri  Je  Soussigné  declare  reconnoitre  que  le  présente 
requête  m'a  été  présentée  Et  lue  pour  que  J'eusse  a  la  signer  Ce  que  jai 
toujours  refusé  constamment  n'ayant  trouvé  rien  de  juste  En  foy  de 
quoy  j'ai  signé  pour  valoir  ou  Besoin  sera  aux  Kaskaskia  le  11"*  7^" 
1777.  signé  Patt  Kennedy  * 

Daniel  Murray  to  Thomas  Bentley,  May  25, 1777. 

[B.  M..  »i84s.  i.  4.—  A.  L.  S.*] 

Dear  Sta, 

Youra  I  received  this  day  from  M"  Bentley.  I  am  no  way  deceived 
in  my  Opinion  of  M'^Carty's  Integrity.  You  were  hardly  past  the  Bar- 
rier, (after  my  Return  from  the  Fort  from  Dinner)  when  my  good  Friend 
Kennedy  accompanied  by  Drouart  came  with  a  Message  from  Viviat 
desiring  I  should  come  and  assist  him  and  other  Arbitrators  assembled 
without  my  knowledge  or  Approbation  to  settle  the  Books,  which  I 
refus'd  as  he  had  hitherto  Acted  without  Consulting  me.  On  the  mor- 
row I  received  a  paper  by  our  famous  Notary  '  which  I  refus'd  and  threw 

I  Timnalxlon  ^  And  Mow  I*  vHliai,  I,  ihc  iinArm^gtird,  ilttlare  ihil  the  pTHmt  jictlllon  wm  pr^ 
MnUd4lid  tttid  to  mc  in  unlet  itml  I  shauld  lixn,  J  (hinii  Ihit  I  luvc  cuiutantly  rffjuil  Iq  do,  lûnir  I 
Htrt  found  Qothioii  jimi  thirplii.  In  filih  ul  nihlcli  1  luxe  i!^a1  h>  valliiiir  ih*  alnvE  wtincviT 
■Wt  «lull  be  acoJ.     Al  Eukukk.  Seplimbu  1 1,  i;;;. 

tSigil"))  Patuicx  ^ËVflxrC. 

'Tbn  hu  bt€o  prinlod  ia  UiJi.  HiM,  C»tlttH«Ht.  m^  417,  frotn  a  mm  in  CaniAin  ArdiivB. 

■  FraoÇohi  CarlKninnui  iMnnaclllWUniitiry  in  ItlllN^  h  the  BrilbtipcriDil       Aricr  lilt  (icupi- 

ui>ra  oi  tbtcoaauy  by  Clock  «m  thecMMblnhinaiiof  thecounat  ^'i^u*"'  br  lofaa  I'odd,  Qvrlioa- 
OBUi  tm  docicd  dcrk.    He  bdd  tbb  ajipuialmtnt  udIQ  tbccuurlwMdiiMJiwI.  ui  ihclâllol  i7R>,  by 


MURRAY  TO    BENTLEY,  MAY  35,  1777 

after  him,  on  his  being  gone  I  perused  it,  and  found  it  was  a  demand  of 
some  Books  I  have  in  my  possession  without  which  the  arbit"  could  do 
nothing,  tho'  they  were  two  days,  almost,  closely  Tmploy'd,  so  was 
forced  to  Adjourn  it  till  ray  Brothers  arrival.'  Next  day  Viviat^  Pro- 
tC9lcd  ag'  my  proceedings  but  our  Not"  from  his  Rcccpt"  the  day  before 
was  afraid  to  bring  me  the  Copy  of  the  Protest,  but  srnt  it  by  a  child 
scald  liltc  a  Letter,  t  have  heard  nothing  since  nor  have  I  spoke  with 
our  Command'  since  the  day  of  your  Departure.  This  day,  Charle- 
villes'  Balteau  arrived  but  Louis  is  Dead  at  Orleans  —  As  to  News  I 
hear  of  none  yet,  they  have  been  too  busy  unloading  today,  nor  have  I 
as  yet  got  any  Letters,  they  have  Bro'  very  little  Mcrchd*  being  obliged 
to  Ballast  the  Batteau  with  Bags  fill'd  with  Earth.  Your  Mullatrcss  is 
come  up  her  passage,  being  f.  ;io  paid  by  your  Cousin  Toj>ham.  There 
is  two  Packets  from  London  Inclos'd  in  a  few  lines  from  Miller,  wherein 
he  5a)'s  that  he  wrote  to  Morgan  and  Mather  an  Acco^  of  the  Articles 
you  want  and  that  he  would  have  sent  your  Negro  at  this  time  but  that 
the  Balteaus  were  all  full  but  thai  he  will  send  him  by  Winston  which  is 
Ihe  chief  part  of  his  Letter,  he  does  not  so  much  as  acknowledge  the 
Receipt  of  the  Peltry  you  sent  him.  Pray  God  that  Winston  has  not 
plaid  the  Rog;ue.  As  to  your  Ijcing  Complain'd  of  already  to  Gen' 
Carlcton,  you  need  not  Dread  that,  for  since  your  Departure  Roche- 
blave  drew  out  a  mmplafnl  ag*'  you  and  waned  all  the  principal 
Inhabitants  here  to  sign  it,  whicli  they  Ab:>oIuiely  Refused   to  do 

Rtcbvd  ^Ifmitan.  firlhrn  ncnrnipanlrij  Wliulnn  In  Vïrxlnl*  tnpmml  (hrcawaf  th«  Wlnaton  pnrty 
(otii«iU.IoiQTemn)aii.    LiialwpetiiiDaMi  IhfCuntiamnI  Congnw.    (Sm  fwM,  p.]fa.}    He  reap. 

boVBfnaf  St.  Clair  machad  KlAufcU.  hravrer.  C*tt>anDC»ux  wt»  utotn  Mting  u  <UA  ami  iioury 
■ml  d«B«H«)  to  ibe  ttnt  mnaatm  ib*  anhivn.  Ljin  he  uoii  (»  Ihc  Siunûh  trrdtory,  vli-rre 
Ui  nasM anMU*  u  on  huubituu of  St  Cliula.  JO.  Uùl.Ci)Onitm$,U.  (caasMiilnilexi-.lloutk. 
Lciaii,J7Jil.«/Jfûwarj,  87,11,  iB. 

>  W1DkmUiim*wuloTMqiviiiiiei0slor  pTAnks  &Coniittnyai  FortPiM.  Be  lini  ii&[>cin>il 
ia  niinobic  1767  lu  lap  rrpmcnUllw  ol  (nil  fidnknil  later  mined  inlu  lannimliip  with  Loub  VlrUi 
cf  KulaAb.  flc«ct(4uictnt}ortlieiniiMMLAndO>r[i[iAoy'ntklchbi)u|tiiia  iitjImdi  tbelndbiu 
[«ro  taigt  Incti  as  lind  an  the  tMinob  and  Ohio  Ritm  Thi»  purcFusr  wiiii  triimpllf  diiallown)  by 
tht  Itrtiiib  RiTcmmeiii:  but  ifler  theoulbralE  d  the  Rcvolattoian'  War  imd  the  occupaibn  of  the 
NDnbnst,  Mum;  pmfnlnl  la  Ihr  ^'ickuiu  Aiarmbljr  i  tnnnarùl  in  brivilf  iif  hiimHf  and  uaocUtf* 
and  iMtt  to  the  L'jmtincnt;il  Cmuarw.  Il  bu  brcn  linpoHiblc  to  lollow  Murray'!  urcv.  but  be  c\i- 
dmll;  iclil>d  in  KmiTicI:}-.  aad  hi*  on  Ihc  irakr  ihal  wn>  raiwrl  in  iroB  ifaiiul  the  Kpntucky  Rnolu- 
llnn».  Katkijilia  M.'^S.;  Cet-egr  Morsan,  l^llrr  JIiu>t;  fa.  Suit  Fafm.  i.,  ji*:  Amtt.  SUIe 
FaffTi,  PaMii  LmJi  (cotuull  Indn  uodor  III.  &  Wiboih  I.iikI  Co);  fll.  Bin.  CaUtaûn),  9, 
(COmull  Index). 

*  Louli  VtvUl  wu  ■  pramlneTit  Ftandi  Toads'  dtuing  the  Qriibh  pvfad.  Re  <ns  appointed  a 
airmhtt  oi  throtutt  ttttxed by  Liwunaiii-Oriduf  WDkiai in  ijtS aodlciited b  th« opcatition la |)ui 
conm-inilaril.  Forhii  rnnntciloa  villi  Uumyond  ibeWaliaabljuuIC^aMnrvrlauaiwitr.  Hkaup- 
purl  wuriirn  In  Ihc  RiilbXi  lnl«rtsU  acttiM  Ihc  AiMrtc»l  OtHnt.  Um  dealli  i>ccuiT«d  hi  Ike  l«JI  ul 
IÏ7Ï,     KailiaiJrU  SfSS. 

*Biofrapbicit  (totinsoT  all  uMM  apjMrlag  h  (ha««Biui  ol  1787 'EU  b«  fouqd  in  the  tool-cioM 
to  that  docuinonl.    Scr  piril,  p.  41 4.  a.  >. 


s  ILLINOIS  HIST0R1C.\L  COLLECTIONS 

particularly  the  Charlcvîlles  Bienvenue  Laffont  Plassy  Janîst'  &c. 
No  Doubt  l)ut  your  Friends  Viviaï  Ccrrc  and  La  Chance  might  have 
done  it  but  they  arc  too  few  to  Countenance  it  when  so  many  Refus'd 
to  do  it,' so  that  I  fancy  it  will  not  I>c  scnl,  however  upon  a  change 
of  Government  I  wint  fail  in  Kxpcwe  his  Villainous  Intention,  as  to 
the  Hunters  you  write  of  there  is  three  of  them,  one  of  which  was  here 
before,  his  name  Benj"  Lynn  but  ihey  bring  no  news  that  I  can  here  of 
worth  your  hearing*.  I  shall  write  you  again  if  I  have  an  Opportunity 
and  as  to  my  Assist^  at  home  in  your  Abs^*  you  may  fully  Depend 
upon  it  for  I  have  not  one  Drop  of  Irish  Blood  in  my  Veins  a  promise 
with  me  is  sacred.  M''*  Bentley  is  well,  desires  her  Love  and  Duty 
to  you  and  prays  Earnestly  for  your  speedy  and  Safe  Return,  in 
which  prayer  Sincerely  Joins 

Vour  assured  Friend    &  H""  Scrv« 
Dan  Murray. 

Kaskasklas,  35th  May,  1777. 

N.  B.    I  forgot  to  inform  you  that  there  is  a  great  Mortality  at 
Orleans  by  the  small-pox.    Don  Piemass  only  lost  3  Children  and  15 
Slaves. 
[Addressed:] 

To  M""  Thomas  Bentley  on  his  Journey  to  Canada  Recomcnded 
to  the  care  of  M'  Isaac  Levy  *  at  Caho. 

Thomas  Bcntlev  to  Daniel  Mi;srav,  August  i,  (777. 
[B.  M..  31845,  f.  6.  — Copy.»] 

M1SSILAMACKINAC,  the  I  Aug  1777, 
Deak  Sik, 

I  hope  tills  will  find  you  on  your  Rcturu  from  Post  Vincent  &  doubt 
not  but  you  will  \vive  explained  the  nature  of  our  Complaints  against 

1  An  ihor  mm  jainol  Clitk  nnil  ^ve  him  oirdkiJ  luppori,  wbm  he  appauri).  For  biogrxpUcall 
iLûlicca  ot  Uioii,  oxiiiilt  Index. 

*  Chirga  wrrc,  hovmci,  nude  Hgaln^l  BralLi7  and  lie  was  irrntccL    See  pnt,  p.  tB. 
*TheM  wfTç  theipleswnt  hj  Ciriyrtr  Rogm  Clark,     Oark  inloninu»  tlul  he  ««I  iwoioen,  S, 

Mine  iin<l  H.  IJras  Mllikv'i  ilntciiii^iil  timl  llirrr  wrrc  thicc  HTma  I<i  îmgilr  Uul  &tat\cy  luH  luit 
eirxciod  Ihit  ntimbCT,  uid  «his-  may  jti'licitc  tomf  fjrrriou»  comoiuiticiiioa  be<i»*«n  BeQilBy  and 
CUrk.  Sw  Inlrmliietloa.  Thr  ihini  [W«lil)r  Juinnl  Cl»rk'»  »pic»  bir  inTitniiiM»  o«  at  hit 
own  »«wd.  Clwk  »  iltrnftr.  io  Enalwh,  W.  H,.  CotçMSI  el  iJm  TrmU^  Ntvth^ml  vl  Mm 
ÂwwOhio,  i.,  467:  é1«i  Inlrr  iii  Aiiur   H  til.  Rtv,,  mi..  40 1;  III.  Hiit.  Collf<liaai,  ti  .  mit. 

•  For  ib«liitl«  thai  liltnowQ  «r  Iraac  hrvy  oi  CihukLi,  tut  IK.  Hit'  C'^k<tùm>,  ii  (coDiult 
^aâa.). 

•Thit  hiu  been  i>re<ri(wily  priatral  U  Hi.  Hid,  O^Utiimt,]^  jM',  and  b  A/fcA,  Hia  CtiUtHau. 
WiX-,  \t^.  In  t»ih  ciari  the  capr  «as  nudr  tmnt  aviiy  la  t!an*>lian  Atclilvn-  The  vaiUnM  arc  of 
tad*  unponua.  ThEdi>cumcai  ii  rapriatol  tme  for  (Iw  convcalton  oj  comrMrôea  wiib  tbc 
CMOtd  of  \ive  Court  qF  tJnqulry,  pa^,  p.  tl>. 


BKNTLKV  'l-O  MURRAY,  AVO\ 


Ï777 


M'  Rochcblave  to  Gov'  Abbot'  aa  you  proposed.  Liltlc  did  I  think 
it  would  become  so  very  necessary  being  utterly  ignorant  of  the  mischief 
this  man  was  hatching  ag;iinst  me.  Yuu  will  plainly  perceive  that  he 
has  done  this  in  order  to  get  the  start  of  me  thinking  by  such  means  to 
throw  discredit  upon  my  report.  You  see  what  Villainy  the  mind  of 
man  is  capable  of,  but  what  indeed  may  wc  not  expect  of  a  man  like 
him  after  having  taken  the  Oaths  of  Allegiance  to  the  three  Kiogdoms 
of  France  Spain  &  Great  Britain  ;  such  a  man  would  not  in  my  opinion 
hesitate  on  Che  arrival  of  the  Americans  to  enlist  hiniself  under  their 
Banner  &  even  to  be  one  of  the  first  that  would  do  so. 

You  must  know  that  I  am  now  a  prisoner,  Rocheblave  having  accused 
me  of  such  torrespundencc  with  the  Americans  as  occasion'd  Major  dc 
Peyslcr  who  commands  this  place  to  put  me  in  Custody  on  my  arrival 
here,  which  he  informs  me  he  docs  by  orders  from  Gov*"  Hamilton  at 
Detroit. 

I  am  therefore  in  Consc<]uencc  thereof  confind  to  the  Fort  nor  am  I 
yet  acquainted  with  the  particulars  of  my  accusation.  Bomcr'  I  be- 
lieve Is  my  accuser  in  Conjunction  with  Rocheblave  &  you  will  know 
how  they  both  stand  affected  towards  mt,  that  nothing  will  be  want- 
ing on  their  parts  to  compleat  my  Ruin.  However  I  rely  entirely  on  my 
Innocence  to  exlricate  me  frum  this  Dilemma  as  God  Almighty  who 
knows  my  inmost  ttioughts  and  actions  knows  likewise  I  do  not  deserve 
such  trcatm*. 

I  beg  the  favor  that  on  receipt  of  this  you  will  write  a  Letter  to  the 
Governor  at  Post  Vincent  desiring  he  will  forward  the  same  to  the  Gov- 
ernor at  Detroit  wherein  you  will  please  to  mention  everything  you  caa 
recollect  which  has  passed  betwx-cn  us  on  the  North  American  subject  & 
particularly  with  respect  to  the  barges  which  went  down  the  Ohio  last 
Autumn  as  you  can  evidence  fur  me  that  on  the  arrival  of  such  news  at 
Raskxskia^  finding  that  M''  RocheUave  did  not  immediately  send  off  an 
express  to  give  information  thereof  I  mentioned  to  you  that  it  would  be 
nec-essary  for  us  to  send  one  in  case  he  did  not,  soon  after  which  he  dis- 
patched one  hintself.  You  must  recollect  also  I  often  repeated  to  you 
how  happy  wc  were  to  be  out  of  the  way  &  in  a  Country  where  wc  could 
act  a  neutral  part.    Von  well  know  my  mind  on  the  subject  &  how  much 

'  AppnùuncI  mrnil»  |inilMlaiMHr''V«ii'j«-  al  Vinicnna,  wlicrc  he  mnainnt  nnir  »  ihort  Unt 
iiaiaa  ITI7'     thtnn,  ).  P..  JwdMHd.  ti, 

I  Uuis  Oùtatt  ha4  bMa  for  a  Une  iwUry  at  Vlnccuici.  Unr  b«  aituted  UomU  1»  Barf^ 
KDdumduUtdcdL.    Sm/mI,  p.ja. 


lo 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


I  abborred  the  thoughts  of  interfering  on  cillicr  side  ever  blaming  the 
obstinancy  Si,  vioieace  committed  oq  both  sides  as  also  how  much  I 
wishd  for  the  arrivai  of  Kings  troops  often  expresûng  my  suqirise  that 
such  were  not  sent  to  prevent  the  Americans  sending  gunpowder  &c.  up 
the  Mississippi  and  that  you  must  recollect  to  have  heard  me  often  repeat 
that  I  had  rather  see  a  Hundred  Rings  Troops  arrive  than  two  Thousand 
N.  Americans. 

You  know  the  Injustice  done  me  by  Rcchcblave  on  many  ocasions 
which  you  Trill  please  to  explain  at  largt:  as  also  the  Cause  of  our  intended 
Complaints  to  General  Carlton  against  him  Si  the  Petition  on  the  sub- 
ject which  we  should  have  sent  had  not  Kennedy  after  promising  refused 
to  sign  it.'  You  were  present  when  he  decided  the  affair  of  Bomer's  note 
to  Bazitlc  La  Chappclle  in  my  favor  &  you  were  also  present  when  a 
few  days  after  he  sent  M""  La  Chance  with  a  Parly  of  men  to  seize  for  the 
payment  notwithstanding  I  appealed  from  his  Judgement  to  the  Gover- 
nor who  was  soon  ex[>cctcd  at  Post  Vincent  and  offerd  security.  You 
likewise  know  that  he  refused  to  obhgc  M""  Viviat  to  give  an  account  of 
his  Transactions  with  Borner  that  I  might  know  the  value  rcccivd  of 
Bomer's  note  giNXi.  to  M""  Viviat  in  my  name  for  fourteen  hundred  & 
odd  Livres  payable  in  Beaver  at  five  Livres  a  pound  which  he  sciz'd  for 
the  payment.  You  know  perfectly  well  that  he  set  aside  my  Mortgage 
upon  Bomers  house  which  was  duly  recorded  in  the  Secretary's  books  & 
sold  the  House  for  the  Payment  of  Jandruu's  Mortgage  upon  llie  same 
which  was  not  registerd  until  several  months  after  mine,  as  also  that  be 
ordered  to  be  torn  down  two  Advertisements  which  I  put  up  Co  the  public 
in  one  day  protesting  against  the  sale.  Omit  not  to  mention  Bomer's 
villainy  to  me  and  how  much  be  wascountenanc'd  ever  afterwards  by 
Rochcblavc  &s  also  how  he  countenanc'd  Gîrault'  in  his  Behaviour  per- 
mitting him  lo  stay  at  Kaskaskias  several  days  after  I  applied  to  him  to 
oblige  him  to  return  to  his  Duty. 

I  am  not  conscious  that  any  part  of  my  Conduct  will  admit  of  an 
ambiguous  Interpretation  &  must  imagine  lis  the  Corn  which  was  taken 
from  Mathews  (hat  he  wants  to  make  a  handle  of.  Some  Hints  have 
been  given  me  that  he  woud  even  insinuate  I  have  supplied  Gun* 
powder   fic.  to  the  Americans. 

My  Invoice  will  shew  the  Quantity  of  Gunpowder  &  Guns  which  I 

^  Pm  (KU  [Yfunl.  *et  mb,  p.  6. 
Iran  niruiilt  had  ifccrily  «nlvnl  frvoi  Roflvid  md  Kew  York.     Ilin^iniphinl  tkrteh  Ui  IJI. 


atu 


'.  LWIaAnai,  ii.,  lO,  a,  i. 


BENTLEY  TO  MURRAY.  AUGUST  i,  1777 


II 


brouf^ht  up  with  me.  Hamilton  cao  prove  that  I  sold  forty  Guns  to 
Motard  in  March  last  &  that  I  left  a  considerable  Quant*  on  my  coming 
away  a»  also  what  Gunpowder  I  left  behind  me  &  the  remainder  being 
to  the  best  of  my  Recollection  little  more  than  three  Hundred  weight 
wilt  shew  whether  it  was  too  much  to  be  expended  for  my  winters  trade 
amongst  the  Savages  as  well  as  at  Kaskaskias  &  at  Kahckias  wliere  in 
fact  1  sold  the  most.  I  beg  you  will  enclose  at  the  same  time  a  Copy  of 
my  kllcr  left  with  you  wherein  I  instructed  you  to  clear  up  the  matter 
about  the  Com  immediately  upon  the  arrival  of  Captain  Johnson  *  by 
Mathews  &  MuckVmurray's  *  affidavits.  I  do  not  know  if  you  were 
privy  to  M'  Rochchlavcs  offering  mc  three  Hundred  weight  of  Gun- 
powder for  Sale  last  Autumn,  if  you  have  knowlegc  thereof  'twill  be 
right  to  mention  it  in  your  letter.  I  cannot  call  to  mind  whether  it  was 
before  or  after  he  sold  snme  Gunpowder  to  M'  Bclctrc. 

Hamilton  can  prove  that  I  left  orders  in  case  of  the  arrival  of  the 
Americans  to  hide  my  goods  in  Trunks  which  will  shew  I  had  not  the 
least  intention  to  sup[K>rl  them  —  un  the  contrary  Mathews  and  Ham- 
illnn  can  prove  that  notwithstanding  these  Americans  sent  me  orders  by 
the  former  to  give  no  more  Gunpowder  to  the  Delaware  Indians,  I  have 
sold  them  Powder  constantly  since  in  opposition  to  their  orders. 

Please  to  enclose  Hamilton  &  Mathews  Affidavits  in  your  Letter  as 
also  Mucklcmurrays  shoud  he  be  there  &  when  you  have  finished  your 
Letter  you  will  do  wcU  to  make  Oath  that  the  Contents  of  such  a  dale 
is  a  just  and  true  relation  of  facts.  This  you  will  be  kind  enough  to  ac- 
company with  your  Letter  &  of  alt  such  Affidavits  please  to  take 
Duplicates  or  even  Triplicates  for  fear  of  accidents. 

I  am  extremely  sorry  to  give  you  this  trouble  but  am  so  well  convinced 
of  your  good  will  to  serve  injurd  Innocence  that  the  nature  of  my  case 
will  sufficiently  appologizc  to  you  for  the  same. 

.\lt  I  wish  is  that  I  may  be  at  liberty  to  return  immediately  to  Kas- 
kaskias that  I  may  avail  myself  of  such  evidences  as  may  be  necessary 
to  clear  up  my  Character  which  you  well  know  I  can  do  without  the 
least  Difficulty.  Shoud  Governor  Johnson  be  arrivd  you  can  ea.sily 
convince  him  how  falsely  I  am  accused  when  Rocheblavc's  malice  will 
appear  in  a  most  conspicuous  light  to  every  impartial  mind.    I  know 

>  Mjiitlmr  Johiuuntn*  apprylnird  tkruMiuicii-fsvrniar  ol  tlie  lllinob  Country  at  abnui  ihk 
timeliui  he  ii*v«  madr  hù  apiiouMncc,  allhuu^h  tt  u  cvidcai  fnim  Ibc  ibove  thil  he  wu  njucinl. 
Can.  Ânkhti,  H.  vul.  40,  I>  w^- 

■  [>rot»blr  ^Villlain  Mumy. 


ta 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


my  poor  Wife  '  will  be  much  adticted  at  my  Situation  &  you  may  readily 
imagine  how  rauch  I  suScr  from  such  a  thought. 

I  beg  you  will  endeavour  all  in  your  power  to  encourage  her  to  keep 
up  her  spirits  that  my  affairs  may  not  suffer  from  any  other  Cause  than 
that  which  my  absence  alone  can  occasion;  no  person  knows  better  than 
herself  how  innocent  I  am  of  everything  that  can  be  laid  to  my  charge; 
but  what  is  not  Villainy  capable  of  &  more  especially  placed  in  a  Man 
like  Rocheblave  who  does  not  want  for  understanding  sufHcienl  to  put  a 
gloss  upon  actions  of  bis  own  however  black  &  to  render  criminal  such 
as  are  most  innocently  intended  in  others  however  I  tru[st)  in  God  that 
he  will  release  me  from  the  hands  of  my  Enemies  &  that  be  will  doubly 
load  them  with  that  Infamy  which  they  woud  so  unjus[tly]  heap  upon 
roe,  such  being  the  reward  due  to  their  actions. 

1  am,  dear  Sir, 

Your  very  obliged  h'^"  Serv*.' 
[Addressed:]    M'  Dan'  Murray  at  Kaskaskias. 
[End^>rsed:]    N'  7.    T.  B. 


Defense  of  Tbouas  Bentley,  August  i,  1777. 

[B.  M..  »ta45,f.  10.— A.  O.S.»! 
Whereas  I  Thomas  Bentley  of  the  Village  of  Kaskaskias  in  the  lUi* 
nois  Country  Merchant  sland  accused  of  having  sent  Corn  or  utlier  Pro- 
visions to  assist  the  American  Boat  *  in  coming  up  from  New  Orleans 
last  Spring  loaded  as  was  said  with  Gunpowder  5:c,  or  of  entertaining  a 
Criminal  Correspondence  with  the  Americans  or  some  of  their  Party  or 
Parties  intercssd  in  their  present  unhappy  disputes  &  whereas  eighteen 
Bags  of  Corn  were  taken  by  force  by  one  William  Linn  "  who  said  he  was 
Captain  of  such  Boat  from  James  Mathews  one  of  my  Clerks  who  wa.s 
trading  the  same  with  the  Delaware  Indians  at  or  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Ohio  which  alone  can  have  given  rise  to  such  a  Report. 

'  BcDlJqr  tnuried  Matcimile  BauvaJ»,  In  ijj;.  Sbc  brlwiEid  Id  one  at  the  «talchlMt  And  mot\ 
impixual  fkmilia  wl  KuluuUa.     Kaikuiia  USS..  Court  KnojJ. 

*  Tlia«  Û  DO  *l|UtUTE. 

■Thb  liu  brtfl  prialrd  In  Ihc  ifich.  HiH,  CttUtHem,  lii.,  318,  tniin  topj  in  CxnuUut  Ar- 
chiva». 

*T1ib  Ktcn  Vt  Uw  boAI  ia  ch&rM  of  CapCain  (icnrBe  nibaon  sod  linilMiu»  Wlllbm  Uciti,  who 
Ml  P«t  Hit,  In  July.  177^.  ^a  purclme  gun[)iiinl«  at  Nrw  Orleam.  Id  Ihl»  ihry  wcrr  luccnsful. 
iPCr  otbcf  iDrsnnUian  on  Eicndcy'a  connrclian  wilh  thù  tiprAVc'usa,  Mc  t^il.  p.  34,  auiI  Intralut- 
itÔlL      In    TIlwaltB   and    Kelloig,  Rn-otulion    on    Oit    L'pptr    Okie,    iiQ,    Ii   ■   (ciod  iixounl    of 

>Scc  jzcvioui  note 


BENTLEYS  DEFENSE.  AUGUST  i,  1777 


U 


I  do  in  coQsequertcc  Ihcrcof  declare  thai  the  foUowing  Circumstances 
relative  thereto  are  the  real  truth,  Viz*: 

That  such  Com  was  never  intended  by  me  to  be  sold  traded  or 
deliverd  to  any  American  Boat  loaded  with  Ammunition  whatsoever 
but  to  the  Delaware  Indians  only  having  un  the  contrary  given  directions 
to  avoid  the  American  Boat  un  her  coming  up  by  running  my  Boat  up 
some  River  until  they  had  passd.  That  I  had  followed  this  trade  of 
sending  down  Provisions  ever  sincv  the  Beginning  of  ta&C  Summer  & 
that  these  Eighteen  Bags  of  Com  were  a  part  of  the  Third  or  Fourth 
Cargo  of  Provisions  (I  cannot  justly  recollect  whieh)  that  I  had  already 
sent  down  for  the  Delaware  trade  &  such  of  the  while  People  as  come 
to  the  Illinois  &  6I  themselves  out  for  hunting  in  that  Neighborhood 
most  of  whom  were  in  my  debt  &  that  the  loss  «f  this  com  was  a  great 
detriment  to  me  as  it  oblig'd  my  Clerk  to  come  to  Kaskaskioa  for  a  fresh 
supply  cf  that  article  &  leave  his  Indian  debts  behind  him  no  part  of 
which  I  had  reccivil  on  my  coming  away  the  middle  of  May  —  last. 

That  lis  a  common  trade  both  from  Kaska&kias  &  Post  Vincent  to 
send  down  Corn  Flour  &c.  to  the  Savages  wintering  in  that  Neighbor- 
hood &  that  there  was  une  or  two  Boats  from  Post  \'inccQt  as  my  Clerk 
informd  me  trading  with  the  Delawares  in  like  manner  at  tlie  same 
place  where  he  was  &  that  when  the  said  James  Mathews  came  to  Kas- 
kaskias  &  informd  me  of  llieir  having  taken  this  Com  I  was  very  angry 
with  him  for  having  sufferd  ibem  to  lake  it  at  the  same  time  blaming 
him  for  not  having  got  out  of  their  way  when  be  informd  me  that  he 
Was  obligd  to  give  it  not  being  strong  enough  to  resist  them  &  that  they 
passd  thcmi^clvcs  upon  him  for  a  Party  of  Hunters  until  such  time  as  they 
had  him  in  their  Power. 

That  1  only  brought  Six  Hundred  weight  of  Gunpowder  with  me 
last  Summer  from  New  Orleans  wiih  Two  Hundred  &:  odd  Guns. 
That  I  left  behind  &  brought  with  me  upon  this  Voyage  very  near  one 
half  of  my  Gunjiowder  &  the  other  half  was  sold  to  Indians  at  my  dif- 
ferent Stores  at  Kaskaskias,  Post  Vincent  &  Kahobias.  That  a  great 
jiart  of  my  Guns  remain  still  unsold  at  Kaskaskias  &  that  the  greatest 
part  of  what  I  did  sell  was  to  Spanish  Subjects  at  Paincour  k 
Misère.' 

Thai  I  arrived  from  New  Orleans  the  19***  July,  1776  since  which  I 
bad  not  made  any  Purchase  of  either  Guns  or  Gunpowder,  M''  de  Rocbe- 

'  S(>  Louil  "i4  Sue,  n«oerle*c 


<4 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECPIONS 


btavc  himself  having  offcrd  me  three  Huodrtd- weight  of  Gunpowder 
for  Sale  at  a  Dollar  p.  Pound  which  T  refused  the  buying  of.  That  &t 
the  time  of  the  News  arriving  ihat  two  Barges  were  gone  down  to  bring 
up  Amunition  I  proposed  to  M'  Daniel  Murray  Agent  for  the  Contract- 
ur&  that  wc  shoud  send  off  an  Kxpress  to  give  Information  thereof  thai 
a  stop  might  be  put  thereto.  That  I  have  not  received  any  Letter  from 
any  person  whatsoever  on  the  Continent  of  America  to  the  Northward 
of  Pensacola  during  the  last  two  years  to  my  ECnowlcdgc  or  held  any 
kind  of  Correspondence  or  had  any  dealings  whatsoever  either  directly 
or  indirectly  with  any  of  His  Majcstys  Enemies  or  their  adherents  Know- 
ing ihem  to  be  so  : 

That  M'  dc  Rochcblavc  having  spread  the  report  of  my  having  sent 
this  Com  on  purpose  for  the  Americans  before  my  coming  away  I  left 
a  Letter  with  the  l>eforc- mentioned  M'  Murray  requesting  that  he  woud 
on  the  arrival  of  M''  Johnson  (who  tis  said  is  appninlcd  Governor  of  the 
Illinois  Countr}')  have  the  depositions  of  Mathews  &  others  taken  in 
order  to  clear  me  from  the  Infamy  of  such  a  Report. 

Now  I  do  most  sincerc:!y  &  solemnly  Iwliew  that  these  aspersions 
thrown  upon  my  Character  arc  nothing  but  the  effects  of  M'^  dc  Rochc- 
blave's  malirc  m  order  to  prevent  Gen'  Carlton  or  any  other  Governor 
or  Commanding  Officer  to  whom  I  might  apply  for  redress  from  paying 
a  due  attention  to  my  complaints  against  him  for  the  varioiw  acts  of 
injustice  which  he  has  done  me  since  my  arrival  last  from  New  Orleans 
some  of  which  I  will  here  enumerate  with  such  Circumstances  as  arc 
necessary  to  shew  the  part  which  M'  de  Rochebtavc  acted  &:  partic- 
ularly so  far  as  relates  to  myself. 

\  short  time  after  my  arrival  from  New  Orleans  he  made  many  dif- 
ferent proposals  to  mc  for  the  purchasing  of  part  of  my  Cargo  &  at  length 
of  the  whole  which  woud  have  amounted  to  a  very  considerable  sum. 
I  wawd  the  matter  for  a  variety  nf  reasons.  Finding  I  woud  not  dispose 
of  my  Cargo  to  him  he  emplny'd  others  (n  try  to  make  the  Purchase  from 
me  iS;  he  was  as  they  informed  mc  to  be  connected  with  them  under  the 
Rose.  Hç  issued  out  a  sentence  to  make  me  pay  fifty  Dollars  on  an_ 
accusation  laid  against  William  Hamilton  one  of  my  Clerks  for  having 
given  a  Bottle  of  T.iquor  In  an  Indian  at  a  certain  time  mentioned  &  that 
a  person  of  the  name  of  Mucklemurray  was  said  to  be  present.  Hamil- 
ton swnrc  positively  that  it  was  false  &  Mucklemurray  likewise  as  also 
that  if  he  had  done  so  it  was  in  opposition  to  my  orders  —  nevertheless 


BENTLEY'S  DEFEMSE,  AUGUST  i,  1777 


Î5 


he  «oud  still  ])crsi3(  ttut  1  shuud  pay.  NutwithsUnding  his  repcatnJ 
Jcrs  against  giving  Liquor  to  the  Savages  they  were  continually  drunk 
ben  in  the  Village  which  uccasiond  me  to  enquire  who  it  was  that  soM 
the  Liquor  to  tbcm  when  the  Savages  themselves  informd  mc  it  was  M' 
(Ic  Rochcbiavc  whu  traded  it  to  them  in  the  night  for  Beaver  &  Otter 
skins  &  forbid  their  coming  lo  him  in  the  day  time  telling  them  that  so 
lung  as  they  said  nothing  alK)UL  the  matter  he  wtmd  constantly  supply 
tbem.  This  Story  t>cing  rumourd  abroad  he  coUd  the  Indians  to  account 
alxiut  it  (two  of  them)  when  the  une  accused  him  of  it  to  bis  face  5:  the 
other  said  that  he  said  so  out  of  a  Joke  for  which  he  put  them  both 
in  Irons  and  l^ing  enraged  still  the  more  against  mc  on  that  account 
llircatDcd  tu  make  mc  pay  llie  Fine  double.  One  Bomcr  who  had  acted 
as  Clerk  &  Attorney  for  me  in  my  absence  at  New  Orleans  gave  a  note 
of  hand  in  my  name  to  M''  V'iviat  a  Merchant  in  the  place  for  fourteen 
Hundred  &  odd  Livres  payable  in  Beaver  at  five  Livres  the  Pound. 
On  my  anival  from  New  Orleans  Bom'^r  at  my  request  put  up  an  adver- 
tisement to  the  Public  signifying  that  all  such  to  whom  he  had  gi%-cn 
such  Notes  Bons  5:c,  of  any  kind  to  present  the  same  imediaiely. 
M'  Viviat  never  presented  the  Note  until  a  long  time  afterwards,  I 
believe  near  three  Months  8:  long  after  Borner  was  dismiss'd  my 
Scr\'icc.  I  told  him  I  woud  pay  it  if  he  woud  pro^'c  the  value  receivd 
&  give  me  a  particular  account  of  all  his  transactions  with  Die 
said  Bomcr  in  my  absence.  M**  Viviat  positively  refused  to  tell 
mc  on  what  account  the  Note  was  given  as  also  to  render  mc 
any  account  of  his  Transactions  with  Burner  as  my  Clerk.  I 
petitioned  Nf  de  Rocheblave  at  two  or  three  different  times  to 
oblige  M"*  \1viat  to  render  me  such  an  Account  setting  forth 
that  I  had  reason  to  suspect  the  Note  was  unjustly  gi%'cn  by  Borner  & 
unjustly  rcteivd  on  the  part  of  Viviat,  yet  be  took  no  Notice  of  my  Peti- 
tion but  scizd  the  Beaver  for  the  payment.  This  same  Bomcr  gave  a 
Note  of  hand  likewise  on  my  name  Jt  at  a  Umc  I  was  uiwn  the  spot  lo 
Bazillc  La  Chappclle  for  Eighteen  Hundred  5:  odd  Pounds  of  Flour. 
In  vain  1  represented  to  him  that  no  man  had  a  right  to  give  a  Note  of 
hand  in  my  name  when  I  was  present  myself.  Yet  notwithstanding 
that  he  woud  nut  oblige  Bomer  to  pay  it  who  was  then  in  the  place  but 
sc'izd  my  Flnur  for  tlie  amount  when  but  a  very  few  days  before  in  the 
presence  of  M'  Murray  lie  acquitted  me  from  the  note,  appilogizing  for 
his  having  given  me  so  much  trouble  about  it.     I  protested  &  appealed 


X6 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


(rum  lK)th  his  sentences  &  even  offccd  security  all  which  he  paid  no 
rcgu.r(l  tu. 

I  had  a  Mortgage  upun  a  House  t»  a  much  greaLi:r  amount  than  the 
Value  «f  such  Huuse  which  Mortgage  I  had  recorded  in  the  Office  ac- 
cnrding  tu  CuUmel  Wilkins's  pulihc  orders  —  it  apjK^ared  some  lime 
aflcrtt'ards  that  one  Jandron  had  likewise  a  Mortgage  &  of  a  prior  date 
but  hjul  never  liccn  ivgistcril.  He  set  my  Mortgage  aside  &  «rderd 
the  House  lo  Iw  sold  for  Ihe  Payment  of  Jandron's  Murtgage.  I 
protested  against  the  sale  by  a  public  advcrlisirment  upon  the  Church 
diHir  whiiii  waj)  torn  down  by  his  urders  twice  Uie  same  day. 

I  had  a  considerable  account  against  the  said  M''  de  Kocheblave  & 
aitcr  waiting  long  for  the  Payment  he  produced  me  an  account  wherein 
he  charg'd  nie  amongst  other  articles  so  much  fur  Passports  &  having 
acted  as  a  J  uslice  of  Peace  in  marrying  me  he  made  me  pay  Fifty  Livres 
lor  having  [K.*r(ormcd  tlie  Ceremony. 

I  do  hereby  declare  that  the  foregoing  relation  is  in  every  respect 
just  &  true  to  the  best  of  my  Knowledge  &  lx;licf  in  making  oath  thereon 
on  the  Holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God  wim  know[ing]  the  Hearts  St 
minds  of  men  knou.'s  at  the  same  time  I  am  innocent  of  what  is  laid  to 
my  Charge.    MissiUmacinac  the  i"  Aug'  1777. 

T.  Bentley. 

Juré  devant  moi  J.  S'  Campan  n"  ce  5  Aoust  1777 

Swom  before  me  Philip  Uejean  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  the  Dis- 
trict of  Detroit  this  is'**  day  of  August  1777.  P.  Dkjean. 

J.  P. 
[Endorsed:]    N'  5.  T.  B 


Report  or  L'  Gov*  Hamilton-  '  August  15,  ij77- 

fB.  M..  3184s,  (■  &■—  Copy.^I 
M''  Thomas  Baitly  [sU]  of  Kaskaskias  in  the  Hinois  Country,  having 
been  accused  to  mc  by  Momicur  dc  Rocheblavc  Commandant  of  that 

>  Htnry  Hamiliwi  y** vj  Irhti  dwwnt.anuwd  Ihn/my  in  tjjj.Anilwa^niiTinilMlunnlllciitni^nt 
in  iTfB-    Hcvrvtd  in  Ibe  French  and  liKtian  War.     In  itm  be  sia  «iiniiiilnl  limLpiuinl-Huvciiii*  ui 

Iiuliana  ajMiiut  the  AmcrJcuu.  Allcv  CJorL  liud  wun  \'in(riin«  Hamillan  rtluok  i(  in  llic 
full  p[  .if'f;  tjul  ihr  rtllagc  wii  rtaplurrd  by  Clark  ihr  iml  Vrbiu.-iiT.  Humsllim  wrs  unt 
to  Virimui,  «here  lie  xuflcrcd  t^ry  hanli  Irraliiimt  m  rclaluliun  lui  liioiUc  Crrit!iii<^nt  uI  ,\m«~ii.an 
Oipth»  by  tb>  Britbh.  He  nu  nctuniM  in  1780.  Ho  Ihot  vlilinl  Knelaod  and  rFiumnl  to 
CuMd* M Ihulenaiil-cnvcmor,  i;8i-<8;.  i^Irr  he  «na  tnvcmiir  of  Hcrmitilii  and  ul  UiunLoica. 
H«  died  »t  lite  litter  plice  id  tTgC.    Adipwd  [rum  Wii.  BUi.  CaUtdipni,  xvlii.,  ytt,  n.  97. 

*  TIiU  hu  t>rcn  printci)  in  Ihc  Vk-A.  nia,  CMeUiaiu,  iJX-,  ji;,  fiem  copjr  in  Canodiui  Ai- 
chivel. 


HAMILTON'S  REPORT.  AUGUST  15.  iT77 


«7 


Country,  of  having  stipporteo  the  cause  and  uMemt  of  ibe  iriidst  bf  Kt- 
ting  their  cause  in  the  most  fai-onble  Ugfai,  iiMffaSjia^  their  Stivngth, 
Ksources  and  connections  I  hare  iboughl  prapo-  lo  order  the  sud 
Thomas  Baitly  to  be  seized  at  Mihilunakiojc,  and  his  gooifa  aid  fMpen 
scot  down  to  this  place. 

Major  Depcjrster  *  at  mjr  leqoisiliaD  bu  anil  down  the  said  Thomas 
Baitley  a  piùoncr  to  this  place,  and  has  aiw  trmmnitlej  some  of  faia 
papers,  which  with  oilier  papers  dcli\-crcd  into  my  hand»  by  M'  Bdtfey 
on  his  arrival  arc  seat  down  sealed  to  Edw^  W»  Gray  Esq*  I>epaiy 
Shcrriff  at  Montreal.  He  was  taken  into  CusUidy  the  twenty  ùnt  day 
of  July,  77. 

All  which  I  certify,  as  also  that  I  do  nul  know  of  any  fonner  déposi- 
tions or  declarations  on  Oath  made  and  taken  at  the  Ilinois  oc  dsewhcn 
against  the  said  Thomas  Baitley,  but  that  the  letter  which  was  writieo 
to  mc  by  M'  de  Rocbeblave  and  which  among  other  paiticulars  men- 
dons  M'^  Baitlcy's  having  sent  pitn-isions  to  ihe  Kebds  in  the  Mouth  uf 
the  Ohio,  was  the  principal  cause  uf  the  Arrest  and  detentioQ  of  the  said 
M'  Thomas  Baitlcj-.' 

Given  under  my  hand  at  Detroit  August  the  15^  1777. 
Signed   UcNKV  Uamilton, 
L'  Gov'  &  Superinien* 

Entered  in  the  Recorder's  Office  at  Detroit,  the  15  August  1777. 
folio  38. 
[Endorsed:] 

L*  Gov' Hamilton's  Dec"  concerning  M' Bentley.     15th  Aug*  1777. 

■  Captkia  Akm  SctaTkr  dc  Pcnur  wm  ■  uth«  tt  New  VaA  and  o«pln  ol  l>cut  &fc>ite  rf 

lra4K>ilBdb£a|bBd,aiidm«ndib«wiiiri(iiTsi-    H« rtmibrf ta e«|lMrf 

t14  >»  WW  MU  to  uLc  Ihe  ooMMtnil  <J  liUcàinK,  «hm 

a  ae  md*  erf  Msfor.    Aficr  lb«  opiwe  d  Huallisa,  D« 

rawfiMd  da  17^4.    ATls  «cnloaa  «hoH  ikna  ■(  NUé»». 


Albuv 


Uc  nu  pull;. 


b Eudud, and «mnd  A» wmr  in  ITSI- '  H«  rtinitaad ta  eàgk»wt 
Ma.    la  lïjfhawWMUtaULclheoaanuMicrf  Macàtaw.  «■»• 
■iKt  iBin'  ynrt  «cnicc  bb  ■«•  nratnoud  <a  I 

PcyWT  ma tiKuftrml  u  Dctrol. where hcitnUMa UU  I7a4.    Mla «cntoaa  (hoH  Uina ■(  JUaf 
bc  retumol  lu  EnRlawl      In  ir»s  h*  rc^nl  Inn  MtlMMrviMaad  MtiM  alDwnMia,  Scodaad. 
•Batubw  ol  rbyracB.  ht  mar  bt  ttuOkd  ta  hk  IftirfflwifaiffhaMht»».  tSi  j)  «liirli  narttw  aww  rwl 
on»  ihjniNa  m  «MWm  Ansicu,  jfUin.    Adapiad  firan  Irb.  S^.  CoBtcU'mi.  nUL,  jm. 

*Fnm  i)w  loRvriiu  kiien  aod  manoriab  il  apoon  UM  Baubr,  io  Ùav.  AMly  alMr  Ihe 
rctuni<dliiiboaibDcntBcUliio,de«na)earMkUlIncUMC-  ltOChiUa<«laMMdlM«l7MHiiWMt 
toMcun  itic  lipucomof  Um  l&bBUtaiibt»aa*ccaM(lm  aaa>*rBaBl)c«.  bm  aiftoari  «mccm. 
H«  tbcrctae,  viMe  ba  lUnilian  (oncarnlBC  nMlIvr**  ad.  aad  m  tbe  Mfwitti  nf  IhU  iHtv,  Km- 
Uton  OTdcroJ  tbc  arren.    l'he  iroLindi  far  BodMUavt/*  watddoaa  an  Imuiht  uul  ta  Uw  Cmut  «I 

l'!lii|Mjii  UD  lolluminB  paft. 


IS 


ILLINOIS  HISTORlC.\L  COLLECTIONS 


CoCRT  OF  Enquuy,  September  ii,  1777. 

[K.  MSS-,  Court  Record,  f.  loo  tt  ir^.  —  Allnlcd  copy.J 

Philippe  de  Kastd  chevallier  de  RiKhcblavc  juge  et  commandant 
aux  Illinois. 

A  MessiL-urs  de  Girardut  ICcuycr  ancien  uflicier  Dinfacterie  ancien 
Magistrat  I-in  la  ctiur  Etablie  par  Munsicur  le  Colonel  Wilkins,  Barbeau 
ant'ien  Magistrat  En  la  dilLc  Cuurl  Capitaine  de  Milice  a  la  prairie  du 
Kuclier,  charlcs  Cadran  capitaine  de  Milice  a  iit.  i'hilippe,  Janis,  plasy, 

{Translalion.] 

Philippe  de  Kastcl,  Chevalier  de  Kocbblave,  Judge  and  Command- 
ant at  Ihc  Illinois. 

Tu  MM.  de  Girardot,'  Esq.,  former  officer  of  infantry,  former  magis- 
trate in  the  court  established  by  Colonel  Wilkins,'  Barbau  *  former  mag- 
istrate in  the  same  CQurt,  captain  of  militia  at  Prairie  du  Rocher, 
Charles  Cadrcn,  captain  of  militia  at  St.  Philippe,  Janis,*  Pla.sy,'  and 

I  rioic  Sicur  dc  (iiiBidoi  or  GimrdcBU  (atha  lumc  unknown  but  poubtr  t'Joiril)  iru  n  Frrodt 
labnlry  officer.    Hit  (other  wu  J«ii  Il<«.  Glnriniti.  <:n<^o(  OwoâanKn' to  iIk  Ullnuls  district  by 

UicCampaoy  ol  ihc  Wr«.  lUa  moUirrwuTbcrru.  djujchlo  of  Jacqun  Nrvru.  Ailir  thr  dcjth  of 
hbUthtrhUiaotbwRun'icd,  AnI  LoubUulUnf.tnd.iecMKl.  I'WreRnuilIirpcnili^iir  ddaUiumu. 
I^nrcdEGinudolliTcditSt.  rhUiniriiidrusniimiaanlbluljitanicf  ilbc''Animc>nliotinni.*'  Ill» 
«rilc^ns  Madame  Lohd,  widow  of  ADdroCb(-raHcr,inrrf«iiu*'j]iii«<  Illln(>lt  HthddKV'cralufficfB: 
huiicc  rj  ihc  peace  In  tht  couct  tnoniint  hf  Unitnunl-Calaod  waliiiti:  ncohahlT  coniRiuiduii  of 
St.  l'hilipiie  under  Claxk  uw)  in  County  of  UlinuM;  Inflict  In  court  ol  Ihc  dutrla  «4  KufcuU»,  He 
din)  ln-forc  or  during  >7S>.  Cape  Gliotdtau  rii  prohahlT  curncd  after  oae  of  this  fotnBf.  XittluMa 
USS:  Parith  Rtttfdt  al  Su.  AiuM;  tîouck.  L.  Mt».  a]  Uiuamri.  il.,  168.  a.  j. 

*  Lieulrruni.CalotiFl  WUkbi* «u  apuin o(  Ihc  5Jth  inltntwy  in  175;,  He  W3>  comimuicUnl  bi 
Niacin  ut  oulbttuJt  ol  tlic  Compinfr  ol  Pontile,  uuf  was  repulK^  hr  inc  .ladiAiu  la  attonpitjiE  to 
rdirrr  Drimit.  1»  ijâihc  l.vimnir  nui-or  in  l)ic  <^tli.  mil  igi  thr  tir>t  fiarwiki  nudclirutciutil-culaiid 
Id  the  imh  iltonj  Irub)  ilafionnl  «t  t'tilladcl|ihU.  In  iiWt  tic  vu  kbI  u  comnuadiDt  to  IIIIdoi*, 
«herchcatrirM  Ortobn  4ih.  llrrehr  cnici|cil  in  land  iprvulniioiu  with  the  Brmol  Bajnton,  Whiu- 
ton  It  iiartta.  Ul*  fovernmcai  ol  llllooii  wu  vcrr  ■rblmcy  ud  he  beatM  vyrj  uipopiilu  with 
Ihc  FVcnd),  «ad  in  tbr  okI  triili  ttic  Englbh.  ChAiija  of  gnTl  wm  undc  nfûnHliliiLiibdilie  wu 
racalMlB  it;i:  but  ihc  UUurc  oi  biituretsur.  AUjcr  toute  IbmUwa,  to  reacb  Ulinolt  dur^thc 

fall,  nudf  illInp■:^il)leto^:Ii^^'rhim  iinlil  llirrarly  1^1  n|[  nl  fij3,-nhea  hrwntt  dmrti  [he  Miiaimpld 
to  IteMOcift.  He  witiidrcn  Irt>in  tlie  urmj  in  177^.  Aj'iurJihi  M.V.V.,-  Lcttoii  frum  Mimvh  m 
DepL  of  Arthivn.  Ilurislnirg.  l'a.,  ami  in  hn  Inter  IhioIe.  ][|.  Hut  Libtarj^  If'ii.  fftit  CeSltcHimi, 
ni».,  «96,  n.  iS:  CancrX.  £..  ErjiUh  Klgiiu  in  lUtitaii,  Jtutla  Wltuor  Mte,  igoSi  Pulcmui,  Fr.. 
Cvmjfincy  e/  Pcmiiat  (oxiiult  Inda).' 

*  Itan  Biptine  fhtrlMU**  life  m  Irentrd  tii  length  in  the  [ctTodudiaa  l«  III.  Hùl.  CiMraitmt,  ii. 
(cnnnut  indn).  TIk:  indn  <■(  Ihb  pctaeol  wJuiDe  will  iiwlicitc  iImt  ducutiirnt)  uimn  «Sidi  tbctkrtcli 
Ol  UâtUu  In  Vol.  ii.  b  baocd. 

*  N'iciiUa  laaU  woia  tulire  of  Fnii>ec.  HeiDkrTia]  at  i>Lukjukia,  in  I7«[.  it  dcuihln  «[  Marl* 
B.  Ttaumur  iH  T^unurcc.  He  occujilnl  an  imporunl  ^Bliinn  m  tlic  cuimminliy,  \x\-n(i  ciji^iin  nl 
tnUitk  under  tlteDritûli,  Id  which  po&ilion  lie  WMrfafipfnl^lliy'-Uck,  and  Uta  br  Todd,  ilit  inllu- 
OKe  wu  Ihfmrn  un  tba  tide  of  tbc  Amrrirani  cvm  tieiiirc  th<-  iKnicatlua  nJ  iho  villu^  liv  thnn,  and 
«Iter  tlMt  event  be  pre  Ibiint  &ikncial  auûUncE.  Itismn.  Jun  Uintiite,  accumpaniod  Oatk  on  the 
ViiKintan  ounpobn  ttod  «otuJiKIni  hinmlf  wiih  ^mi  lirnvrrv.  Nicolai  JnnU  wni  dKteil  Justice, 
wlim  llir  UrM  cixirt  wu  ilMUg\ir*t(d  liy  Jiihn  Tudd.  lie  iiM  «till  living  in  Knilusiia  in  17A7,  iceurd- 
Idr  Id  the  Cituu.1  of  dHU  year.  (See  t-tt,  p.  4i.|  )  Urmhm  i>[  ilir  hmily  xniliiil  bii!r  In  Sle. 
Unwvietr  Mo      KtiAatkU  USS.:  Dra^t  USS.  li  J  iHi;  lliiucli.  l..,U<il.  t-l  tliuauri.i.  su.a. 

43-, iU.  Sin.  CMfKtfm,  U.  (couuli  lodei). 

'JaaepbDnRtu)rI>l[faiS)r(AlMDQjitaMey,  I'Lujr.riacit)  ntarriL-d  Catherine,  da  tithler  of  Jean  Ble. 
Bcnloe  Bwnri*,  mfii  Ft'oich  onluy  In  Ullniila.  They  had  lnur  chlldrm.  two  cd  wiiuin  wae  lumn) 
Louii and  Je>n  Baptjite.  lie  iias captain  ol  militia  under  the  tititiili  iiiid  w.i»  rr^iiiir.Ànlrd  li>  the  Vir- 
glniuM.     Wbm  CDult  wtrr  ruatilklidd  lit  llUniiU  l>v  Jnhn  Tciid,  "ne  vu.  Heitrd  to  ikj.i  i>r  the  diitrlct 

of  KmIUjIlU.    JoKidi  Duijair  boome  an  ordetu  idXama  of  Cdlund  dc  la  Bolmr.  coDtrlliUtcd  money 


iPTEMBER  II.  1777 


19 


et  Brazeaux  capitaine  de  Milice  aux  Koskastias  les  deux  Capitaine  de 
milice  des  Kaokias  n'ayant  pu  vaincre  les  obstacles  a  leur  arrivée  sçavoir 
faisons  ; 

Que  quecjues  Particuliers  ayant  foulé  aux  pieds  les  devoirs  que  leur 
imposoient  leur  qualité  de  sujets  Et  de  cytoyens  En  sont  venus  au  point 
d'user  faire  des  armaments  pour  porter  de  secours  en  munitions  de 
guerre,  ormes  Et  marchandises  aux  Colonies,  d'Envoyer  des  vivres  a 
leurs  voitures  qui  împortoient  des  poudres  dans  les  dîttcs  Colonies,  d'En- 
tretenir une  Correspondance  de  Lettres  avec  des  Particuliers  d'ycelles, 
quils  ont  refuse  de  faire  voir  tomme  LEscigcoïcnt  leur  devoir:  pour 
couvrir  leurs  demarches  folles  Et  Extravagantes,  ils  ont  cherché  a 
Ebranler  La  fidulilé  du  peuple  El  ne  pouvant  le  séduire,  ils  ont  a  force 
de  déprimer  la  Justice  de  la  Cause  du  Roy,  dExaltcr  la  puissance  des 
Colons  et  de  leurs  prétendus  protecteurs,  répandu  L'allarme  Et  le 
découragement,  ils  ont  osé  donner  de  Espérances  fausses  Et  insidieuses 

[TroHsiaiicn.] 

Brazcaux.' captains  of  militia  at  Kaskaskia,  (the  two  captains  of 
militia  of  Cahokia,  absent,  havinji!  been  unable  to  overcome  the 
obstacles  to  their  arrival)  we  make  known: 

That  some  individuals  have  trampled  under  foot  the  duties  which 
their  quality  of  subjects  and  citizens  imirases  on  them  and  ha^'e  reached 
the  point  of  daring  lo  fit  out  equipments  for  the  puqjosc  of  carrying  aid 
such  as  munitions  of  war,  arms,  and  merchandise  to  the  colonies,  of  send- 
ing supplies  to  their  boats  which  are  imporlinx  powder  into  the  said  colo- 
nics, of  conducting  with  individuals  of  the  same  a  correspondence  which 
they  have  refused  to  have  examined  as  their  duty  required.  In  order  to 
cover  their  mad  and  extravagant  actions,  they  have  sought  to  shake  the 
fidelity  of  the  people  ;  and  failing  lo  seduce  the  citizens,  they  have  forci- 
bly vitified  the  justice  of  the  cause  of  the  king  and  exalted  the  power  of 
the  colonies  and  of  their  pretended  protectors.  They  have  spread  wide 
alarm  and  <Uscouragcment.    They  have  dared  to  give  to  some  persona 

It»  hU  npediileni  t^oM  UetrolT.  ud  Ion  ht*  lite  ta  ite  tuuhrtiUni.  Ill,  Hia.  CtUtOSmi,  il.  {C^n. 
«jl  lii4n);  f"*!  P*  'Ml  >4A>  Ilouck,  L-,  Hitl.  a/  UittevH.  I..  }o>i. 

>  JoMpIi  Bruwiii  amr  M  Kukukia  (ram  Qtmilk  ii  the  H>*t  vl  ihv  Frmcb  ranime.  HI*  vlfo 
ni  Truitoitr  l)eirr  Hr  lull  lltrrc  chililrtn,  l.mii*,  jMrph,UHl  !■  11111(11  lie  '111»  Ink!  iiiairint  J  run 
Blr  {:>iailevillc.  At  ihc  lime  of  Clnrk'*  nrpMnot*  JWf[iB  Brunaui  tnscap'aiaof  mUilu.  In  lU. 
Ilia.  Collaiirnt.  it .  1)  I'i  .  I  iu>lltni  ihil  liewM  OiM  reapnulnlnl  U»  Jiùhii  'IimM.  Ilir  piuluhlp  n». 
HkIoT  Ibli  wu  Ihil  be  )ud  bcrti  killnl  hi  the  Inditni.  Uiiibiirial  otcurrnl  lutic  4,  Tr;^.  II^khi, 
l/wii.  Wm,  in  ijBi,  rtixlf)  nnr  i.il  I'lc  )u>lkn  of  the  Tjiurl  nj  Kaikmkii  '('lit  fomil)  moTHi  (n  Si. 
Loulibi  eiSt.  Nognriy  Uoif  Su>i*;  KarMiMa  USS.^  Uomtjt  C'cMnifJ/;  Uoucfc,  L-,  Hut.  4 
Uitamri.n.,iy.   10   Iti'l  ColUHiani.ti .  pp  lvi,.cxwi. 


30 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL   COLLECTIONS 


^ 


a  quelques  ixrnsonncs  d'une  amelioration  de  fortune  si  les  relnrlles  ar- 
rivoicnt,  lachtf  dintroduire  Méthodiquement  \e  d*?sordre  Et  Lanarcliie  se 
rcfuscn[t)  au  payement  des  deplcs  les  plus  legitimes  Et  osé  Enfin  mecon- 
noitrc[?]  toute  justice  et  toute  authorite  Dans  I.'JCspoîrc  d'Envelopper 
leurs  noirs  attentats  de  nuages  Epais  El  d'obscurcir  la  Vérité  ils  ont 
adressé  a  SON  EXCELLENCE  Messirc  le  chevallier  Carleton  govcr- 
neur  Et  Capitaine  General  de  cette  province  Le  libelle  le  plus  diffama- 
toire, dans  lequel  ils  m'accusent  d'avoir  refusé  toute  justice  aux  origi- 
naires anglois,  tandis  qu'il  Ksi  de  notoriété  publique  que  jai  renvoyé  la 
Connoissancc  de  leurs  affaires  a  une  assemblée  damïcables  Composi- 
teurs choisis  par  les  Parties  elles  mêmes,  où  a  défaut  nommés  d'office, 
ils  disent  que  J'ai  détruit  le  lendemain  ce  que  J'ai  fais  La  veille  Et  je  n'ai 
cepKrndant  changé  aucune  oppinions  des  Justiciers  susdit  ap]>ellé3  icy 
arbitres  mis  en  usage  avant  moy  par  Monsieur  le  Capitaine  hugues  Lord 
a  la  Satisfaction  commune  Et  cela  leur  même  dans  un  temps  oil  ils 
n'osoicnt  donner  cariere  a  leur  mauvais  desseins,  ils  se  plaignent  que  J  'ai 
Etablie  une  deffence  Pénale  de  deux  cens  piastres  contre  ceux  qui  trait- 
tcroicnt  de  L  E&udcvie  aux  sauvages,  tandis  que  Je  me  permclâ  cette 

[Trattslaiion.] 
false  and  insidious  hopes  of  an  amelioration  of  fortune,  if  the  rebels 
arrive,  and  have  attempted  methodically  to  introduce  disorder  and 
anarchy  by  refusing  the  payment  of  most  legitimate  debts.  They  have 
finally  dared  to  deny  all  justice  and  all  authority  in  the  hope  of  envelop- 
ing their  black  criminal  attempts  in  thick  clouds  and  for  the  purpose  of 
obscuring  the  truth  they  have  addressed  to  His  Excellency  the  Cheva- 
lier Carleton,  governor  and  captain  general  of  this  province,  the  most 
defamatory  libel,  in  which  they  accuse  me  of  having  refused  all  justice 
to  the  original  English,  when  it  is  notorious  that  I  have  referred  the  cog- 
nizance of  their  affairs  to  an  assembly  of  friendly  compounders  chosen 
by  the  parties  themselves,  or  in  default  thereof  officially  nominated. 
They  say  that  I  have  annulled  the  next  day  what  I  have  done  the  day 
before.  And  yet  I  have  not  altered  an  opinion  of  the  above  justices, 
called  here  arbiters,  the  use  of  whom  was  begun  by  Captain  Hugh  Lord 
to  the  satisfaction  of  all,  and  that  even  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  English 
at  a  time  when  they  did  not  dare  to  give  rein  to  their  evil  designs. 
They  complain  that  I  have  prohibited,  under  jtcnalty  of  two  hundred 
piasUfs,  trade  in  eaudn-ie  with  the  savages,  while  I  allow  myself  to  con- 


I 


I 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRY,  SEPTEMBER  ii,  1777 

memc  trailtc  jjour  avoir  Ic  Caslor  Kt  les  luulrcs.  il  Est  connu  de  lout  le 
monde  que  cette  Con»-ention  Part  des  liabitants  Kux-mCmcs,  que  Daniel 
Murmy  l 'un  des  mes  accusateurs  la  signée  de  son  bon  gré  la  jugeant  juste 
Et  nécessaire  Et  quelle  auroit  sorti  un  Effet  salutaire  sans  sa  cupidité  et 
ccUe  de  thomas  Bentley  L'autre  de  mes  accusateurs  qui  ont  été  les  pre- 
iTiicn  a  braver  les  incon^'cnients  sans  nombre  qui  pouvoîeat  résulter 
tant  pour  Eux  que  pour  leurs  concytt>yt:ns  de  son  infraction, 

ils  osent  dans  la  tcmeriKÎ  de  leurs  assertions  m'accuser  de  partialité 
davoir  Envoyé  chercher  L'arraec  les  sakias,  renards  Et  autres  cachés  a 
un  quart  de  Lieu  dîci  au  nombre  de  sin  cens  pour  attaquer  nuitamcnt 
une  trentaine  d'illinoîs  retranchés  dans  le  centre  de  ce  lieu  qui  Eut  couru 
risque  d  '(tre  détruit  si  Je  n'avois  pas  eu  le  Coup,  le  pavillon  blanc  quiU 
disent  que  jai  Employé  pour  cet  Effet,  Etant  le  pavillon  françois  leur 
soit  de  matière  propre  a  jettcr  des  doutes  sur  la  fidélité  de  celui  qui  ne 
cesse  dcclaircr  leurs  trahisons,  quand  j'auroîs  fourni  dans  une  occasion 
si  prcsanie  drap  où  nappe  je  ne  voirois  pas  matière  a  grand  crime,  cepen- 

\Trt1nsIali0n.] 
duct  this  trade  for  beaver  and  otter  skins.  Everybody  knows  that  this 
agreement  oripnated  with  the  inhabitants  themselves  and  that  Daniel 
Murray,  one  of  my  accusers,  signed  it  of  bis  own  free  will,  judging  it 
just  and  necessary;'  and  that  the  agreement  would  have  resulted  licnc- 
Ucially  had  it  not  been  for  bis  cupidity  and  that  of  'riiumas  Bentley, 
the  other  of  my  accusers,  both  of  whom  have  been  the  drst  to  brave 
the  numberless  iuconveniencies  which  might  result  both  for  them- 
selves and  their  fellow  citizens  by  its  infraction. 

In  the  Icmcrily  of  their  assertions,  they  dare  to  accuse  me  of  partial- 
ity in  having  sent  for  the  army  of  Sauks,  Foxes,  and  other  Indians  to  the 
number  of  six  hundred  hidden  within  a  quarter  of  a  leaj^ue  from  here  for 
the  purpose  of  attacking  by  night  some  thirty  lUinois  Indians  intrenched 
in  the  centre  of  this  place,  who  would  have  run  the  risque  of  being  des- 
troyed, if  I  had  not  had  the  first  play.  The  white  llag  which  they  say  I 
have  employed  for  this  purpose,  being  ihc  French  flag,  is  to  ihem  a 
proper  matter  to  throw  doubts  on  the  fidelity  of  him  who  does  not  stop 
declaring  their  treasons.  When,  I  would  haw  furnished  at  so  critical  an 
occasion  a  sheet  or  table  cloth,  I  should  not  view  the  matter  as  a  great 

'  Shnrllv  aU*T  RoclirhUi'r  uvA.  chirgn  irf  live  TUSniiU,  he  called  tnifilin  thr  ciùiai*  lo  dhcuM  (1i« 
dWic'iliin.ii  tlirir  liliulidn.  iindtodtttniiiiicciii«iiiniictin(rtmln«  thelrjidcwiih  the  IndluT»  It  wm 
drci'W  tïnl  Ihimiflrr  nn  irn'li-r  tliwil'l  gWc  ihr  Indini»  [nlnilcii,tln|(  llqurii  All  tlir  Pintth  (nidiws 
»ip^  th'a  ugrrcniml,  and  one  Amtricui,  Djinirl  Mumy.    Kojiiuàta  USS.,  Ceitri  Ruetd. 


33 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


dant  je  D*ai  EmiininU:  un.  de  chcs  La  Dame  Ccné  qui  Est  angloJs  Et  qui 
doil  être  prcscnltî  Kn  faveur  île  qui  tonirc  qui  K(uîl  ma  ])anialil^,  J  "ai 
fait  des  presents  a  tuus,  nulle  linstiiili!  n'a  élc  cnniinisc  scruit  ce  poÎQl 
ce  qui  fâche  ces  M". 

ils  m'ont  accusé  d'avoir  Encouragé  les  Sauvages  dans  leurs  Brigand- 
ages, tandis  que  d 'un  autre  coté  on  m'a  accusé  de  trop  defermeté  sur  cet 
article,  les  discours  que  je  leur  ai  tenu  a  cette  wcasion  ont  toujours  été 
publies. 

Comme  ils  se  sont  portés  par  la  copie  de  leur  requête  Ecrite  de  la  main 
des  deux  et  cy  jointe  partie  contre  muy,  jai  cru  ne  pas  devoir  prendre  des 
informations  Par  moy  même  mais  vous  commettre  comme  je  le  fais  Par 
ces  présentes  pour  aprhs  serment  L 'Egalement  prclté  composer  une 
court  d'EnquClc  Et  y  prendre  sur  vulrc  honneur  Et  conscience,  scms 
la  présidence  de  M'^  de  (ilrardul  El  L'Etriture  de  tel  Greffier  que  vous 
prvndrés  recevoir  !e  scrment'des  témoins  qui  sont  cy  a]ir^,  les  faire 
assigner  recevoir  Et  rédiger  [)ar  £cnt  leurs  dc]K)sit]ons  le  tout  tant  a 


[Translation.]  , 

crime.  I  have  only  borrowed  an  Englisli  llag  at  the  house  of  Madame 
Ccrré  who  should  Ije  present  to  testify  in  favor  of  whom  ami  against 
whom  was  my  partiality.  I  made  presents  to  all  the  Indians;  oo 
hostility  was  committed.  Can  liiis  be  the  point  which  offends  these 
gentlemen? 

They  have  accused  me  of  having  encouraged  the  savages  in  their 
brigandage,  whilst  on  another  side  I  am  accused  of  too  great  firmness 
under  this  heading.  The  discourses  which  I  have  made  to  the  Indians 
on  these  occasions  ba^'c  always  Ijctq  published. 

Since,  by  the  copy  of  their  petition,  written  by  the  hands  of  both  and 
herewith  joined,'  they  have  appeared  in  court  against  me,  I  have  believed 
that  I  ought  not  to  take  information  by  myself,  but  to  commit  the  case 
to  you,  as  I  do  by  these  presents,  so  that  after  oath  has  been  legally  made, 
you  may  compose  a  court  of  enquiry  and  act  therein  according  to  your 
honor  and  conscience,  under  the  presidency  of  M.  de  Girardot  and  the 
secretaryship  of  such  clerk,  as  you  shall  choose  for  the  [jurjjosc  of  receiv- 
ing the  oaths  of  the  witnesses  who  are  here  prcsent,.  of  making  them  sign 
their  testimony,  of  receiving  and  reducing  to  writing  all  their  depositions. 


>  Printed  mUt,  p.  4. 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRy,  SEPTEMBER  ii,  1777  ^3 

^arge  qu'a  d'ccharge  Et  dans  Le  mvillcur  ordre  Et  le  plus  L'Egale- 
mcnt  que  îe  pais  |>eiit  le  permetlre. 

fort  Gage  le  lo  Septembre  1777. 
signé  Ruc'ULBUvvi;  scellé  et  délivré 
ici  Est  UD  cachet. 

Au  revers  de  la  feuille  Est  Ecrit  de  qui  suit. 

Noms  des  Perïonncs  et  fait  sur  lcs<|ucls  je  prie  La  Cour  d'Enquête 
de  les  imerrcger  sous  serment.  M"^  Kennedy  pour  a^-oir  a  reconnoitre 
copie  de  la  requâte  où  il  Est  dénommé,  avoiicr  si  les  motifs  en  sont  justes 
Et  lui  demander  sa  deciar.T.tion  au  Bas  de  la  dite  requête,  lui  demander 
s'il  a  cormoissance  des  mauvais  trailtcments  que  j'ai  faits  aux  colons 
anglots  refugiés  icy.  si  au  contraires  il  n'a  pas  été  témoin  des  avantages 
que  je  leur  ay  fais  Et  voulu  faire. 

M^  Charlevillc  sur  les  pmpos  que  thomas  Benticj'  lui  a  tenu  a  table. 

M'  DroUart  pour  declarer  les  Espcrcnccs  d'une  meilleure  fortune 
que  lui  a  donné  Daniel  Murray  a  L'arrivée  des  rebelles  auprès  desquels 
il  doit  être  son  son  [fit]  ^jrotecteur,  Patrick  Kennedy  present, 

[TraKsiation.] 
whether  for  or  against  me,  in  the  best  order  and  the  most  legal  lliat  the 
country  permits. 

Fort  Gage.  Scptcmljcr  10, 1777. 
signed    RocHEBMVE,  sealed  and  delivered. 
Here  is  a  seal. 

On  the  rc^Trsc  of  the  page  is  written  what  follows: 

Names  of  jx-rsons  and  the  facts  concerning  which  I  pray  the  court 
of  enquiry  to  interrogate  them  under  oath  :  M.  Kennedy,  in  order  that 
he  recognize  the  copy  of  the  petition  wherein  he  is  named,  and  avow 
il  the  motives  are  jusl,  and  to  demand  of  him  his  declaration  below  the 
said  petition  ;  to  ask  him  if  he  has  knowledge  of  the  bad  treatment  which 
I  have  given  the  English  colonists  who  have  taken  refuge  here  ;  if,  on  the 
contrary,  he  has  not  been  witness  of  favors  which  I  have  made  them  and 
wished  to  make. 

M.  Charlcville,  on  the  conversation  which  Thomas  Bentley  had  with 
him  at  table. 

M.  Drouart,  that  he  declare  the  hopes  of  a  better  fortune,  which 
Daniel  Murray  has  given  him,  after  the  arrival  of  the  rebels,  with  whom 
Daniel  Murray  would  be  his  protector.  This  was  saJd  when  Patrick 
Kennedy  w&s  present. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

La  Dame  Cerré  pour  Tcprcsentcr  le  pavilion  quelle  a  Prctté  a  ma 
dcmajtdc  pour  aller  chercher  les  Saltias  Et  renards  affirmer  par  scrmenï 
L'cgat  si  c'est  le  m(me  ou  non,  la  Cour  voudra  Bien  constater  s'il  Est 
anglots  oil  françob. 

La  demoiselle  ]asondra3re  pour  declarer  la  Connoissance  de  la  traite 
d'Eaudevie  au  sauvages. 

La  Dame  de  Lisle  pour  dire  ce  quelle  sçaît  d'un  présent  que  les  kïka- 
pousont  voulu  me  /aire  i>our  leur  donner  un  Ecrit  portant  permission  de 
traitter  disoient  ils  chez  Langloi»  En  me  Montrant  la  maison  de  Bentley. 

Le  a*"  tourengeau  lui  demender  pour  où  Etoit  destiné  L'armement 
pour  Lequel  Bentley  La\-oit  Engagé  quels  Etoîent  Les  Effets  Et  charge. 

Le  sieur  Bolon  pour  sçavoîr  de  lui  qui  a  fourni  des  vivres  aux  voitures 
angloises  rebelles  qui  portoient  des  poudres,  si  la  voiture  de  Bentley  n'a 
pas  resté  plusieurs  jours  sur  la  pointe  de  la  Belle  riviere  où  il  ny  avoit 
pas  de  sauvages,  si  elle  n'a  pas  fait  des  signeaux,  pour  quoy  aprfcs  avoir 
rejoint  les  sauvages  dans  la  Belle  riviere  elle  En  Est  sortie  pour  descendre 
un  peu  plus  B.-is  dans  le  niis$is»lppi  ou  n'Etoicnl  point  le»  dellawars 
dont  il  est  iaterprette  ay  autres  et  de  quelle  nation  Etoit  La  charge. 

[Translaiion.] 

Madame  Cerré,  to  produce  the  (lag  which  she  bas  loaned  at  my 
request  in  order  to  send  for  the  Sauks  and  Foxes  and  to  affirm  by  legal 
oath  if  it  is  the  same  or  not.  The  court  will  carefully  establish  whether 
it  is  English  or  French.  Mademoiselle  Lasoudraye,  to  declare  her 
knowledge  of  the  trade  in  eauàevie  with  the  savages. 

Madame  tie  Lisle,  to  say  what  she  knows  of  a  present  which  the 
Rickapoos  have  wished  to  make  to  me  in  order  lo  give  them  a  writing 
containing  permission  to  trade,  as  they  said,  with  the  English,  pointing 
out  to  me  the  house  of  Bentley. 

M.  Touranjeau,  to  demand  of  him  whither  the  equipment  was  des- 
tined for  which  Bentley  had  engaged  him  and  what  was  the  cargo. 

M.  Bolen,  to  know  who  furnished  supplies  to  the  En^ish  rebel  boats, 
which  were  carrying  powder,  and  if  Bentley's  boat  did  not  remain  several 
days  on  the  point  of  the  Ohio  where  there  were  no  savages;  and  if  it  did 
not  make  signals,  and  why,  after  having  rejoined  the  savages  in  the  Ohio, 
the  boat  si-t  out  to  descend  a  Hitic  lower  the  Mississippi,  where  there 
were  no  Dclawares,  for  whom  M.  Bolan  is  interpreter,  nor  other  Indians; 
and  what  was  the  character  of  the  cargo. 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRY.  SEPTEMBER  u.  1777  aS 

Le  s''  Carbonneaux  pour  sçavoîr  de  lui  a  quelle  heure  Bentley  Et 
Murray  vouloient  lui  faire  prolester  au  mandat  tiré  sur  moy  du  jwst  Sc 
Vincennes  pour  fourniture  faites  au  sauvages  ledit  moadat  ne  tn'ayant 
poiDt  Encore  été  présenté. 

si  j'ai  vexé  le  public,  si  je  me  suis  Engraissé  de  rapines  M'*  de  Enquê- 
tes liù  doient  Et  a  Eux  mêmes  de  profiter  d«  L'occasion,  ils  n'en  trouver- 
ont pas  de  plus  favorable  pour  faire  Entendre  leurs  plaintes,  fort  Gage 
le  onze  7*^  1777. 

signé  ROCHEBLAVK 

L'an  mil  Sept  cent  soixante  dix  sept  Et  le  onzième  jour  du  mois  de 
Septembre  avant  midy  a  la  requisition  de  Monsieur  phiUppe  fraoçois  de 
Rastel  chevalier  de  Rocheblavc  Ecuycr  juge  et  commandant  pour  sa 
Majesté  Britaniquc  au  pais  des  illinois.  Nous  juré  assemblée  pour 
former  une  cour  d 'Enquête  pour  oiiir  les  depositions  Et  témoignages 
des  s"  josepli  chauvin  charlevillc  palrick  Kennedy  Et  françyîs  Droiîart 
resident  au  village  des  Kaskaskias  El  ont  PardcvanI  nous  prêté  serment 
quils  diroient  verilé  sur  les  questions  quîls  leur  seront  faites  concernant 

[Translation. '[ 

M.  Carboiineaux,  în  order  to  know  from  him  at  what  hour  Bentley 
and  Murray  wished  lo  have  him  protest  a  draft  drawn  on  me  from  Post 
Vincennes  fur  supplies  made  lo  the  savajjes,  when  the  said  draft  had 
not  yet  been  presented. 

The  gentlemen  of  the  court  of  enquiry  owe  it  lo  (he  court  and  lo  them- 
selves individually  lo  profit  by  the  occasion  to  learn  if  I  have  vexed  the 
public  and  have  fattened  on  rapine.  They  will  not  find  a  more  favorable 
time  to  make  their  complaints  heard.    Fort  Gage,  September  7,1777. 

(Signed)  Rcx:HEflL.\VE. 

The  year,  1777,  the  eleventh  day  of  the  month  of  September,  before 
noon,  at  the  requisition  of  M.  Philippe  Kranç(>Î3  de  Rastel,  Chevalier  de 
Roclicblavc,  Esquire,  Judge  and  Commandant  for  hisBritlannic  Majesty 
in  the  counlrj'  of  Illinois:  We,  jurors  assembled  to  form  a  court  of 
enquiry  lo  hear  the  depositions  and  testimonies  of  MM.  Joseph  Chauvin 
dit  Charlcvillc,  Patrick  Kennedy  and  François  Droùart,  who  arc  resi* 
dents  of  llic  village  of  Kaskaskia  and  have,  Iwfore  us,  taken  oath  that 
ibey  would  anawcr  truthfully  the  question»  which  slialt  be  put  to  them 


aé  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECHONS 

tes  plaintes  Grieves  qui  ont  £t6  portées  a  Monsieur  le  Gouverneur  Gen- 
eral du  Canada  El  de  ses  dependences 

a  L'instant  avons  inlcrrogé  le  8'  patrick  Kennedy  s'il  avoit  con- 
Doissance  et  reconnu  copie  d'une  requête  Présentée  contre  Monaeur 
de  RochebSavc  a  repondu  que  o(ii.  Interrogé  sil  a  Connoissance  des 
mauvais  traitlemcnts  que  mondit  sr  de  Rocheblave  avoit  fait  aux  anglois 
réfugiés,  a  répondu  que  non,  Et  quil  a  seulement  connoissance  qu'il 
leurs  a  fait  beaucoup  de  Bien  Et  des  avantages  qu'il  a  voulu  faire  El 
qu'il  a  fait  plusieurs  fois  En  îoy  de  quoy  a  signé  En  notre  presence  El 
nous  Greffier  le  jour  Et  an  que  dessus. 
signé  Plasi,  signé  janis,  signé  Patt  Kennedy 

signé  Lachanse,  signé  Barbau,  signé  Brazeaux, 

signé  chartes  cadron    signé  Le  ch  girardot,    signé  Pertbius  Greffier, 
a  la  page  suivante  l'^t  Ecri. 

et  le  jour  Et  an  que  de  l'autre  Pari  Est  comparu  mr  Joseph  chauvin 
de  charleville  ancien  Capitaine  de  milice  El  après  lui  avoir  fait  faire 

[Translaltim.] 
oonceming  the  complaints  of  grievances  which  have  been  carried  lo  ihe 
governor  general  of  Canada  and  its  dependencies. 

Now  we  have  interrogated  M.  Patrick  Kennedy  if  he  had  knowledge 
of  and  recognized  the  copy  of  a  petition  presented  against  M.  de  Roche- 
blave.  He  has  answered,  "  Yes."  Interrogated  if  he  has  knowledge  of 
bad  ireatmcnl  which  M.  de  Rocheblave  had  given  the  English  who  have 
taken  refuge  here.  He  has  answered  "  No,  "  and  thai  he  has  only  knowl- 
edge of  much  good  that  he  has  done  to  them  and  of  advantages  which 
he  has  wished  to  give  and  which  he  has  given  several  times.  On  faith  of 
which  he  has  signed  in  our  presence  and  we  the  clerk  have  also  signed 
the  day  and  year  as  above. 
(Signed)  Plasy,  (signed)  Janis,    (signed)  Patl.  Kennedy, 

(signed)  Lachanse,  (signed)  Barbau,  (signcrl)  Brazeaux, 

(signed)  Charles  Cadron,'    (signed)  Chevalier  de  Girardol, 
(signed)  Pcrthius,  clerk.' 
On  the  following  page  is  written  : 

And  Ihe  day  and  year  as  of  Ihc  other  part  there  appeared  M.  Joseph 
Chauvin  dii  Charleville,  former  captain  of  militia,  and  after  having  made 

1  On  June  iS.  T747.ChiiilcsCuin)n,  *D)inflmrit  the  lime  in  IlinllUtr  iil  FiirldeCWttniHicncd 
«  taaUiCt  uf  nuuriuc  wlih  OcDcrlcvr  HenM.  HU  [iifacr  wu  Pirrrr  C^droii  of  ihc  tasnh  ot  Si.  An< 
lolne  in  Caiiiidi,     Kaitaikia  USS..  Uarriaf*  CrttlrMlt. 

■  I  bar*  bMD  unable  M  fiii'l  inrtbioB  aboul  ihr  tlrtk. 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRY,  SEPTEMBER  it,  1777 


37 


I 


Bcrmcnt  de  dire  vérité  sur  les  inlcrrogalions  a  lui  fail  faire  lui 
avons  dcmandi?  s'il  avoil  Entendu  de  Mauvais  propos  par  le  s''  Bentley 
Contre  WC  de  Rochcblavc  a  la  table  de  M'  Charlcvillc.  a  repondu  <|uc 
ledit  BcntJcy  lui  a  prc!wnt<!  a  deux  où  trois  fuis  un  piece  d'Kcriturc  ne 
sçavoir  seulement  sl'cIIc  Etoit  Ecrite  En  françoEs  n'y  anglais  n'ayant 
voulu  l'avoir  ni  la  signer  ce  qui  n'auroit  occauonné  de  lui  dire  de  Bc 
taire,  de  botrc  Et  de  manger  qu'il  Etoit  (wur  cela. 

En  outre  Je  declare  pour  la  présente  que  M''  de  Roctieblavc  n'a 
Jamais  fait  tord  aux  angloîs  réfugié  autant  qu'il  Est  a  ma  Cannoissancc. 

En  outre  Je  declare  que  le  temps  qu'il  Etoit  sur  L'autre  rive  comme 
sui  celle  cy  il  n'a  En  Counoissance  que  mondit  sieur  de  Rocbcblave  n'a 
Jamais  fait  commerce  d'Eaudevie  avec  Les  sauvages  Et  après  Lecture 
a  lui  faite  a  déclaré  qu'il  n'avoit  rien  a  augmenter  n'y  a  diminuer  et  a 
signé  le  jour  Et  an  que  de  L'autre  Part. 

\AU  sigried.) 

a  la  Page  suivante  Est  Ecrit. 

Et  te  dit  jour  Et  ao  que  des  autres  parts  avons  ioterrogé  Le  a*^  (nniçois 

[Translation.] 
him  take  oath  to  answer  truthfully  the  interrogations  put  to  him,  we  have 
a^ed  him  if  he  had  heard  evil  conversation  from  M.  Bentley  against 
M.  de  RocheblaMr  at  ihc  table  of  M.  Charlevillc.  He  has  answered 
that  the  said  Bentley  ha.s  presented  lobim  two  or  three  times  a  piece  of 
writing;  that  he  did  not  know  even  if  it  was  written  in  French  or  English, 
since  he  had  not  wished  to  take  it  or  to  sign  it,  which  had  occasioned 
them  to  tell  him  to  keep  quiet,  to  drink,  and  to  eat,  that  he  was  in  favor 
of  that. 

"  Furthermore  I  declare  now  that  M,  de  Rothcbiave  has  never  done 
wrong  to  the  English  refugees  as  far  as  il  is  a  mailer  of  my  knowledge. 

"  Furthermore,  I  declare  thai  during  the  time  that  he  was  on  the  other 
bank  as  well  as  on  this,  1  (Charleville)  have  knowledge  (hat  M.  de 
Rocheblave  has  ne^-cr  traded  in  caudei-ie  with  ihc  savages."  And  after 
readingbistestimony  tohim,  hehasdedared  that  be  had  nothing  Co  aug- 
ment or  to  diminish  therein  and  he  has  signed  the  day  and  year  as  of 
the  other  pari. 

[All  signed.] 

On  the  following  page  is  written: 

And  the  said  day  and  year  as  of  the  other  parts  we  have  interrogated 


3H 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


DroUart,  si  te  s''  Daniel  Murray  lui  auroit  fait  Espcrer  des  avantages  si 
les  Bastonnois  [sic]  arrivoîent  dans  ce  pais  a  repondu  que  oui  En  presence 
de  s"*  Kennedy  declare  En  outre  que  depuis  le  temps  qu'il  Est  En  ce  pats 
El  que  M' de  Rocheblave  Exerce  La  charge  de  Commandant  i!  n'a  connu 
En  lui  que  de  Lintegrité  Et  porté  de  Zelc  En  tout  tempa  a  soulager  les 
anglois  réfugia  les  ayant  comblés  de  Bien  fait  a  sa  Conooissancc,  inter- 
roge s'il  avoit  connoissance  que  raondil  s''  de  Rocheblave  ay  fail  com- 
merce d 'Kaudevie  avec  les  Sauvages  a  repondu  que  non,  tntcrrogtS  s'il 
avmt  Connoissance  que  M'  de  Rocheblave  Eu  Envoyé  un  pavillon 
françois  au  de\'anl  des  sautagcs  sakias  et  renards,  a  repondu  que  deux 
jours  avant  L'arrivée  des  dits  Sauvages  aux  Kaskaskias  il  auroit  6i( 
present  a  une  sortie  de  divers  habitans  pour  aller  au  devant  d'Eux  Et 
que  M""  de  Rocheblave  avoit  donnié  un  pavillon  anglois  Et  comme  les 
dits  habitants  trouvoient  surchargé  par  le  poids  du  dît  pavillon,  ils 
auroicnt  Laissé  ce  même  pavillon  chez  le  s""  lachan.ïc  sans  la  Connois- 
sance de  M'  de  Rocheblave  Et  aurnient  pri  une  serviette  quîls  auroicnt 
mis  au  bout  d'une  perche  pour  passer  plus  facilement  dans  les  Bois  Et 
après  lecture  faite.    .    ,    . 

[Translation.] 
M.  François  DroQart,  if  M.  Daniel  Murray  had  made  him  hope  for  ad- 
vantages if  the  Bostonians  arrived  in  this  country.  He  has  answered, 
"Yes.  In  the  presence  of  M.  Kennedy."  He  declares  furthermore 
that  during  the  time  he  has  been  in  this  country  and  M.  dc  Rocheblave 
has  excrdsed  the  office  of  commandant,  he  has  only  known  in  him  înleg- 
rily  and  zca3ou.<i  de&ire  at  all  limes  to  relieve  the  English  refugees,  whom 
he  has  overwhelmed  with  good  deeds  to  his  knowledge.  Asked  if  he  had 
knowledge  jf  M.  dc  Rocheblave  has  traded  in  eaudtvie  with  the  savages 
he  has  answered,  "  No."  Asked  if  he  had  knowledge  that  M.  de  Roche- 
blave had  sent  a  French  flag  to  meet  the  Sauks  and  Foxes,  he  an.swcred 
that  two  days  before  the  arrival  of  ihe  said  savages  at  Kaskaskta  he  had 
been  present  at  a  sortie  of  s«'eral  inhabitants  to  go  to  meet  thera  and 
that  M.  de  Rocheblave  has  given  them  an  English  flag;  and  as  the  said 
inhabitants  were  burdened  by  the  weight  of  the  said  flag,  they  had  left 
this  same  flag  at  the  house  of  M.  Lachansc  without  the  knowledge  of  M. 
de  Rocheblave  and  had  taken  a  towel  which  they  had  put  on  the  end  of 
a  pole  in  order  to  pass  more  easily  in  the  woods  ;  and  after  reading  was 
made.        .    .    . 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRY,  SKPTEMBER  ii,  1777 


39 


1.4//  signed.] 
[Testimony  of  Dame  Cerré] 
....  Et  lui  demandé  quel  Pavillon  clic  avoit  pretë  a  M'  de 
Rochcblavc  pour  aller  rudevant  des  Sakiiis  et  renards  qui  «noient 
assiéger  les  îUinois  3  quoy  cUc  a  repondu  ....  quelle  avolt  prêté 
un  pavillon  angloîs  Et  dans  L'instant  a\'ons  Envoyé  chercher  le  pavillon 
qui  a  *^té  reconnu  par  L'assemblée  Pour  être  lu  mêmt  que  laditte  Dame 
Cerré  avoit  Prêté  Et  que  c'est  le  véritable  pavillon  angluis    .... 

\AU  signed.] 
[Testimony  0}  Dame  vewje  de  Lisle.} 
....  Interrogé  w  [elle]  Etoît  présente  Lorsque  Les  Kikipoux 
apportèrent  xm  present  a  Mon  Dit  situr  de  Kocheblavc,  pounjui]  leur 
accordai  la  permission  de  traïtlcr  de  Leaudevie  chez  Laiigloïs  En  mon- 
trant la  maison  de  Bcndey,  a  quoy  elle  a  rejiondu  quelle  Etait  présente 
Lorsque  les  dits  Sauvages  demandèrent  cette  i>crmtssioD  Et  quelle  a  vUe 
une  Rrlle  robbe  de  Castor  que  M''  de  Kucbeblave  refusât  Et  ne  leurs 
donnât  point  de  pcrnûssiou  .... 

[TranstfUtûH.'] 
\AU  signed.] 
{Testimûny  0}  Madame  CerrC.^] 
.    .  And  we  have  asked  her  what  flag  she  had  loaned  M.  de 
Rocheblavc  to  go  to  meet  the  Sauks  and  Fcxes  who  came  to  besiege  the 
Illinois;  to  which  she  answered   .  .    .   that  she  had  loaned  on  English 
flag;  and  now  we  have  sent  for  the  flag,  which  has  been  recognized  by 
the  assembly  as  the  same  that  the  said  Madame  Cerré  hod  loaned  and 

that  it  is  the  true  English  Sag 

[AH  signed.] 
{Testimony  of  Madame  de  £.wfe.] 
....  we  have  asked  if  she  was  present  when  the  KickajKKXs 
brought  a  present  to  !M.  de  Rochcblavc,  in  order  that  he  should  grant 
them  the  permission  to  trade  in  eandei'ie  with  the  English,  pointing  to 
Bentley's  house;  to  which  she  has  answered  that  she  was  present  when 
the  said  sa^'ages  demanded  this  permission  and  that  she  had  seen  a  beau- 
tiftU  robe  of  beaver  skins,  which  M.  de  Rocheblavc  refused  to  accept, 
and  that  he  would  not  grant  them  permission 


iTvatoidrcpMlt^aod  laiaveap*cclhcrctti<cb«caomltled  thrltval  (omiulical  thcbrciniimR 
■ml  Old  of  Àe  UMbnaOf .    Tluse  at*  (be  mnie  lu  lltne  lucd  ïn  tKe  cue  <>{  the  |ir(x«J!n||  ■Uphui». 


3° 


ILUNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


\AU  signai.] 
{Tcitimony  oj  Tourangeau!] 
....  intcrrogt^  si  Monsieur  Bentley  avoit  voulu  Langagcr  pour 
aller  dans  le  Mis-sissipi  En  has  a  rc|KJn<lu  qu'  Effcctiremcnl  le  S'  Bentley 
avuit  voulu  L  Kngugcr  lui  Kt  son  ncgrc  pour  aller  En  Bas  misslssipi  Et 
que  faute  de  L'arrengcmcnl  qu'ils  n*ont  pas  pu  prendre  Ensemble  pour 
Ic  prix  de  SCS  Gages  leur  Marchi!  na  pas  Eu  Lieu  Et  que  M""  Bentley  lui 
dit  de  ne  se  Point  iuquictter  ilc  ce  quil  p«>uvoît  faire  de  sa  cargaizon  qu'il 
Luy  Etoit  indifferent  qu'il  la  vi-ntlil  a  Sauragc  françuîs  où  anglois,  c!  de 
suivre  seulement  Le  Sieur  Borner  qui  Etoit  condueture  de  la  voiture 

\AU  signed.] 

{Testimony  oj  Damoiselk  f^soudraye.] 

....  interrogi5   si  elle  avoit  cunnuïssancc   que   Monsieur  de 

Rochcblavc  Eu  traitté  de  L  Eaudcvic  aux  Sauvages  a  rcponilu  qu'elle 

Etoit  un  Jour  chez  M''  de  Rocliebiave  Lorsquil  Entra  un  Sauvage  avec 

deux  Castors,  qu'il  les  jelta  au  pîeils  tie  sa  Datiiu  Et  lui  demanda  de 

[Translation.] 

[Alt  signed.] 
[Testimony  of  Touranjeau.] 
.  .  .  .  wc  have  asked  if  M.  Bentley  had  wished  tncngage  him  to 
go  ilown  the  Mississipi.  He  has  answered  that  in  fad  M.  Benlley  had 
wisheil  to  engage  him  and  his  negro  to  go  down  the  Mississippi;  and 
that  their  bargain  was  not  concluded,  because  ihcy  failed  to  get  together 
on  llie  price  of  his  w^gcs;  and  that  M.  Bentley  said  to  him  that  he  was 
not  to  disturb  himself  about  what  he  (Bentley)  might  do  with  his  cargo, 
that  he  was  indifferent  whether  he  sold  it  to  savages,  French,  or  Eng- 
lish, and  instructed  him  (Touranjeau)  only  (o  follow  M.  Borner  who  was 

in  charge  of  the  boats 

[AH  signed.] 

{Testimony  of  Mademoiselle  Lasoudraye.^  ] 

....  we  have  asked  her  if  she  had  knowledge  that  M.  de  Roche- 

bla^'e  had  traded  Cn  eaudeine  with  Ihe  savages.    She  lias  answered  that 

she  was  one  day  at  M.  de  Rochcbla^x-'s  when  there  cntercil  a  savage 

with  two  beaver  skins,  thai  be  threw  ihem  at  the  feet  of  Madame  de 

t  fn^Myad-mghifror  PlarcdrMunl'jrciiadelBSou'lnrc.l^mKrcipuiriof  rnllllin.and'rolnflte 
ti«nj[|qb.    AnolhcT  iuugbw  nurtied  Jean  D^ie.  B«unh.     JTaiittfitM  USS.,  UafriattCanémni, 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRY,  SEPTEMBER  ii,   1777  31 

L'Kaudcvtc  a  quoy  elle  lui  dît  de  remporter  son  Castor  quelle  traittoil 
poinl  d'Eûudevrc.  le  mOmc  sauvage  leurs  faïsoit  Entendre  que  celoîl 
les  anglois  qu'il  L'avoit  Envoyé  et  qu'il  auroit  de  L'Eaudevie  œpendant 
on  le  fit  sorter  avec  «m  Castor,  M""  de  Rocheblavc  n'y  Etant  point  Cesl 
a  sa  dame  a  qui  îl  faisait  La  pnipositîon  te  Sauvage  En  suite  lui  En  vou- 
loit  faire  (ircscnt  se  que  Laditte  Dame  refusa  constamment  Et  aprte 

[/1//  signed.] 
[Sepicmlitr  12,  1777.  Testimony  oj  "Sylveste  engagé  du  sieur  BettUcy.^'] 
....  interrogé  et  où  le  s**  Bentley  destini:tit  une  voiture  qu'il 
faisoît  partir  Environ  le  aS™'  aousl  1 776  a  répondu  qu'il  lui  avoit  dit  que 
c'ctoit  pour  La  Vir^nîc,  interrogé  de  quoy  la  voiture  Etoit  chargé  a 
reixmdu  quelle  Etoit  chargée  de  de  [sir]  poudrcdans  des  cruches,  taffia 
sucre,  Cafté,  couverte,  fusils  Et  d'autres  Merchandises  emballées  Et 
après  .... 

[Ali  signed.] 
[Testimony  o)  Pitard.] 
.    .    .  interrogé  du  modf  pourquoy  M'  Bentley  l'avoit  fait  par- 

[Translatûm.] 

Rocheblave  and  asked  her  for  some  eauàeine,  upon  which  she  told  him 
to  take  back  his  beaver  skins,  that  she  did  not  trade  in  eaudevie.  The 
same  savage  made  them  understand  that  it  was  the  English  who  had 
sent  him  and  that  he  would  have  eaudevie.  They  made  him  leave,  how- 
ever, with  his  beavers.  Since  M.  de  Rorheblav'c  was  not  there,  it  was 
his  wife  to  whom  the  savage  made  the  proposition,  which  the  said  lady 
cooalantiy  refused;  and  after.   .... 

[All  signed.] 
[Sef/iember  12,  1777.  Testimony  of  Sylvester  "engugi  "  of  M.  Bentley.] 
....  we  have  asked  him  whither  M.  Bentley  destined  a  boat 
which  he  sent  out  the  aSth  of  August,  1776.  He  has  answered  that  M. 
Bentley  had  told  him  thai  it  was  for  Virginia.  Asked  with  what  the 
boat  was  loaded.  He  has  answered  that  it  was  leaded  with  powder  in 
jars,  tafia  made  uf  sugar,  coffee,  dolh,  guns,  and  other  merchandise 
packed  up;  and  after.   .   .   . 

[All  signed.] 
[Testimony  of  Picard.] 
....  we  have  asked  concerning  the  reason  that  M.  Bentley  had 


3» 


ILLTNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


tir  pour  aller  après  le  sieur  Borner  soq  commis,  a  repuodu  qu'il  avoit  une 
suspicion  sur  le  Compte  du  S''  Borner,  interrogé  jusqu'où  il  dcvoîi  aller 
après  lui,  a  répondu  qu'il  dcvuît  aller  a  la  riviere  du  sud  distante  de  vingt 
Lieu  au  dessus  de  Wouabache,  interrogé  de  quelle  nature  de  Marchan- 
dise le  s'  Borner  Ktoit  chargé  a  repondu  qu'il  tenoît  de  M'  Borner  qu'il 
a  rencontré  a  la  rivie-rc  chaouanon  ou  Environ  qu'il  avoit  dans  sa  voiture 
un  millier  de  poudre,  des  couvertes  draps,  fusils  Sic  Et  plomb  En  Barre 
Et  que  le  s'  Borner  lui  a  dit  qu'il  Eloit  chargé  Pour  la  somme  de  trente 
milles  livres  Kt  apr&j  .... 

\AU  signed.) 
{Testimony  of  Antoine  Peliier  dit  anlcyn.] 
....  interrogé  si  M'  Bentley  Taumil  Employé  pour  aller  après 
le  s' Borner  son  commis,  et  du  motif  pi)ur[]uoy  il  le  faisait  partir,  a  répon- 
du que  ledit  Bendey  luî  uvoit  dit  quit  craignoit  que  Borner  ne  fut  pillé 
Par  un  parti  Rikapous  qui  devoit  [lasscr  où  il  Kloit  et  (lu'il  avoit 
ordre  de  poursuivre  jusqu'à  la  riviere  du  sud  a  vingt  lieu  audcssus  de 

[TransiûlicH.] 
made  him  sel  out  to  go  after  M.  Borner,  his  clerk.  He  has  answered 
that  he  (Bentley)  had  a  suspicion  about  M.  Bomer's  account.  Asked 
where  he  was  to  go  after  him.  He  has  answered  that  he  was  to  go  to 
the  river  of  the  south,  distant  twenty  leagues  above  the  Wabash. 
Astrd  what  was  the  nature  of  the  merchandise  with  which  M.  Borner 
was  charged.  He  has  ansMixrcd  that  he  understood  from  M.  Bomer, 
whom  be  met  on  the  river  Chaouanon  jCumbcrland]  or  thereabouts,  that 
he  had  in  his  l>oat  a  thousand  [>ounds  of  powder,  bed-clothes,  guns, 
etc.,  and  lead  in  bars  and  that  M.  BonKr  has  told  him  that  he  had  a 
load  to  the  value  of  thirty  thousand /ir/v;;  and  after.   .   .   . 

\AU  signed.) 
[i'estimony  of  Antoine  FelUtier  dit  Antaytj.] 
.  .  .  .  wc  have  asked  if  M.  Bentley  had  employed  him  to  go  after 
M.  Bomer,  his  clerk,  and  what  was  the  reason  that  he  (Bentley)  made 
him  set  out.  He  has  answered  that  the  said  Bentley  laid  him  that  he 
feared  that  Bomer  would  be  pillaged  by  a  party  of  Kickapoos  who 
would  pass  where  he  was  and  that  he  (the  witness)  had  orders  to  follow 
as  far  as  the  river  of  the  south  twenty  leagues  above  the  Wabash. 
Asked  where  he  had  met  the  said  Bomer.  He  has  aoswenxl  about  a 
league  above  the  river  Chaouanon.    Asked  where  the  said  Bomer  ha<l 


COURT  OF   ENQUIRY,  SEPTEMBER  ii.  1777 


i3 


ouabachc,  interrogé  où  it  avoit  rencontré  ledit  Borner,  a  repondu 
Environ  une  lieu  auUessus  la  riviere  chaouenon,  interrogé  où  ledit 
Borner  lui  avcnt  dit  qu'il  dcvoit  aller,  a  répondu  que  ledit  Borner  lui 
avoït  dit  c}u'il  contoil  aller  jusqu'à  une  riviere  dont  on  ne  scatt  pas  le 
nom  qui  Est  audcssus  de  la  chuttc  oil  il  y  a*^»!!  de»  anglois  Etablis. 
Interrogé  de  quoy  ta  voiture  Eloit  chargé,  a  repondu  qu'il  a'avoit  pas 
pu  voir  ce  qu'il  y  avoil  dans  la  voiture  mais  qu'elle  Etoit  Bien  chargé 
et  que  le  sieur  Borner  lui  avoit  dît  qu'il  y  avoit  pour  trente  milles  livres 
d'effets  et  particulièrement  un  millier  de  Poudre  Et  après  .... 

[AU  signed.] 
\Tettimony  oj  Daniel  Coicl.\ 
....  interrogé  si  Lannée  dernière  il  EtoitKugagé  au  sieur  Bent- 
ley [jour  aller  avec  !e  9'  Borner  a  répondu  que  le  s^  Bentley  lui  avoît 
toujours  dit  enseignant  son  marche  qu'il  Kloit  pour  le  détruit  après  qu'ils 
ont  été  parti  le  dit  Bomer  leurs  a  dit  qu'ils etoieot  destiné  Pour  alter  a  une 
riviere  audessus  de  la  chute  où  it  y  avoit  des  anglois  Etablis  ladîttc  riWcrc 
nommé  Kn  anglois  Kinlac  [si<\.  Interrogé  de  quoy  Etoit  chargé  la  voiture 
a  repondu  quelle  Etait  ctiargéc  de  poudre,  Baies,  ptumb,  Rum  taf!ia  vin 


[Traniht%on.\ 

told  him  that  iic  was  to  go.  He  has  answered  that  the  said  Bomer  had 
told  him  that  he  counted  on  going  up  to  a  river  the  name  of  which  one 
docs  not  Lnow,  which  is  above  the  falls  where  there  were  English 
established.  Asked  with  what  the  t>oat  was  loaded.  Ue  has  answered 
that  he  had  not  been  able  to  sec  what  there  w.-is  in  the  boat,  but  that  it 
was  well  loaded  and  that  M.  Borner  had  said  to  him  that  he  had 
thirty  thousand  Uvrts  worth  of  goods  and  particularly  a  thousand 
pounds  of  powder  ;  and  after   .... 

[Ail  signeà.] 
[Ttstimony  of  Danid  CotW.) 
....  A^ed  if  last  year  he  was  engaged  by  M.  Bentley  lo  go  with 
M.  Bomer.  He  has  answered  that  M.  Bentley  had  always  told  him  in 
instructing  him  concerning  the  bargain  that  the  expedition  was  for  De- 
troit. After  they  had  set  out  the  said  Borner  told  them  that  they  were 
destined  to  go  to  a  river  above  the  Falls  where  there  were  English  estab- 
lished. The  said  ri%'cr  is  named  in  English  Kentucky.  Asked  with 
what  the  boat  was  loaded,  ttc  has  answered  that  it  was  loaded  with 
powder,  shot,  lead,  rum  called  talia,  wine,  salt,  guns,  cofFee,  and  other 


34  ILUNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

sel,  fusils,  caffi*  et  autres  marchandises  Et  interrog*;  tcrtit  Daniel  coicl 
Lequel  pais  il  F.toit,  a  répondu  qu'il  Etoil  irlandois,  Et  a  été  tatcrprctté 
par  le  s""  Patrick  Kennedy  Et  âpres   .... 

\An  sigtKd.] 

{Second  teslinu)Hy  oj  Patrick  Kgniudy.] 
....  intcrrogd  comment  il  s'ctoit  rcncontriî  chez  le  sr  Daniel 
Murray  avec  le  s'  Droual  Lorsqu'il  dit  a  ce  dernier  que  si  les 
Bastonnois  arrivcrenl  il  pourroit  se  voir  de  L'avantage,  ii  repondu 
qu'il  avoîl  Entendu  dire  par  ledit  Murray  a  Drouart  Partant,  que  a  les 
Bastonnois  arrivoicnt  quîl  ne  pouvoit  pas  manqué  d'être  Employé 
comme  Etant  le  plus  Eitpert  dans  les  affaires  Et  qu'il  semptoyeroit 
pour  lui  pour  le  mettre  En  place  El  après  .... 

{AU  sigHrd.] 
{Tesiittutny  oj  HippolUé  Beien.] 
....  ÎMerrogé  s'il  n'auroit  pas  Connoissaoce  d'une  Berge  appar- 
tenante a  Mr  Bentley  qui  desccndoit  le  Mississijipi  comme  lui  Bolen 
Etant  En  hyvcmcment  avec  les  Sauvages  dans  la  Belle  riviere  a  repondu 
qu'il  avoit  Vu  tme  Berge  chargée  de  farine,  Mahis,  Rum,  Liqueurs, 

[TratislatwH.] 

merchandise.  .\nd  we  have  asked  the  .laîd  Daniel  Coiel  from  what 
country  he  wa,i.  He  has  answered  that  he  was  Irish.  And  his  testimony 
has  been  interpreted  by  M.  Patrick  Kennedy  ;  and  after .... 

[AH  signed.] 
[Second  testimony  of  Patrirk  Kennedy.] 
....  we  have  asked  under  whal  circumstances  he  had  met  M. 
Drouart  at  Daniel  Murray's,  when  he  (Murray)  said  to  the  former  that, 
if  the  Bosionians  arrived,  he  would  see  advantage  therein  for  him. 
He  has  answered  ihat  he  had  heard  the  said  Murray  say  to  DroUart  in 
conversation  that,  if  the  BosConians  arrived,  he  could  not  fail  to  be  em- 
ployed, since  he  was  the  most  expert  in  affairs,  and  that  he  (Murray) 
would  exert  himself  in  his  favor  to  put  him  in  place;  and  after.    .    . 

(.4//  signed.] 
{TesHincny  of  Hifpoltte  Balen.] 
....  We  have  asked  if  he  did  not  have  knowledge  of  a  barge  be- 
longing to  M.  Bentley  which  descended  (he  Mississippi  while  he,  Bolen, 
was  wintering  with  the  savages  on  the  Ohio  River.    He  has  answered 
that  he  had  seen  a  barge  loaded  with  Bour,  com  rum,  liquor,  powder,  lead 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRV,  SEPTEMBER  ii,  1777 


.ÎS 


I 
I 


poudre,  plumb  en  Bart,  Bales  qui  ont  reste  Knvimn  huit  jours  sur 
b  pointe  de  la  Belle  rivieru  l'A  quiU  tiroieot  charjMc  jour  trois  ou  (juartrc 
coup  de  Baëte  soir  Et  matin  cciiendant  ils  Etoicnt  Kloi^tf  des  Sauvages 
de  trois  oxi  quatre  lieux,  qu'un  des  commis  du  dit  Bentley  qui  Etoit  avec 
les  Sauvages,  le  C-ommîs  oummé  Gicny  ât  partir  deux  autres  anglois  pour 
8ca.voir  ce  que  c'etoii  que  ce  coup  de  Baëte  les  quels  angloîs  ont  amené 
laditte  Berge  où  Etoient  les  Sauvages  vmiabckakis  qui  a  trailtc  quelque 
sac  de  farine  Et  Mahïs  et  autres  Liqueurs,  de  plus  ap^^3  quelques  jours 
de  traittc  ils  ont  Parti  pour  revenir  au  Mississipi  se  Camper  sur  In  pointe 
de  la  Belle  riviere  du  Cot45  du  sud  disant  qu'ils  vouloicnt  attendre  des 
anglois  qui  vcnoicnt  des  nadch<î  qui  avoicnt  des  aiîaires  avec  M'  Bentley 
Et  apr^  avoir  rcst<5  sept  a  huit  jours  audit  Endrm't  ont  chargé  une 
pirogue  de  vivres  munitiorw  Et  ont  partis  pour  descendre  le  MiMÎssipi 
Fjivironl  quartre  licus  Ils  ont  campé  L  Espace  de  trois  jours  avec  la  Berge 
des  Bastonnois  qui  montoit  de  la  nouvelle  orleam,  les  ont  recentré  avec 
leurs  charge  quHs  ont  pri  dans  la  voiture  dudît  Bentley  ce  qu'il  y  avmt 

[Translatiûn.] 
in  bars,  and  shot,  which  had  remained  aijoul  eight  days  un  the  peint  of  the 
Ohio  and  that  they,  each  day,  fired  three  or  four  shots  {de  Baete)  evening 
and  morning;  yet  they  were  distant  from  the  savages  three  or  four 
leagues.  He  further  leslificd  that  one  of  [he  clerks  of  the  said  Bentley 
who  was  with  the  savages,  the  clerk  nami-d  Jimmy,  sent  two  other  Eng- 
lishmen to  know  what  the  shois  {de  Baete)  were.  These  Englishmen 
brought  back  the  said  barge  to  when;  Ihe  Vouahekaki  '  savages  were,  who 
traded  some  sacks  of  flour  and  corn  and  other  liquors.  Furthermore, 
after  some  days  trading  thry  set  out  to  return  to  the  Mississippi  to  camp 
on  the  point  of  the  Ohio  on  (he  souih  side,  saying  (hat  they  wished  to 
wait  for  some  Englishmen  who  were  coming  from  Natchez  and  had  some 
business  with  M.  Benlley;  and  after  having  wailed  seven  to  eight  days 
at  the  said  place,  they  have  loiuled  a  pirogue  with  supplies  and  munitions 
and  have  set  out  to  descend  the  Mississippi.  About  four  Icaguesdown 
ihcy  have  camped  for  the  space  of  threcdays  with  the  bargcof  the  Boston- 
ians  which  was  ascending  from  New  Orleans.  They  have  met  them 
with  their  cargo  and  the  ivitness  said  that  they  have  taken  what  was  in 
the  boat  of  the  said  Bentley,  according  to  the  report  which  was  made  to 

>  Should  bcOiuboukl.  mcuiinit  emi  lud^mmriinR  land,    1  he  uunt  WM ciMXi  by  Alsooqaln 
Indimu  In  coiiiuir  iHbn  livini  ■<>  ilic  r-.nisinl,  ii^.i  itn.rr  gari  iculiiTly  lo  llw  AbaikI  la  Maim;  «lit  <» 

Ûte  Udamrct.    Infonnailon  obUbml  from  Mr.  f.  W  tlMtgc,  «I  the  Hunmi  «f  Eibeotog^ 


3fi  ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

dedans  suivant  le  rapport  que  lui  En  ont  (ait  Ic  Commis  dudit  Bcnticy 
k  mu*mc  Gimy  Et  après    .... 

[AUsigtud.] 
[Testimony  oj  Pierre.] 
....  inlcrrogd  s'il  ne  s'Etoit  pas  Engagé  au  sieur  Bentley  pour 
faire  un  voyage  a  quoy  a  repondu  qu'effectivement  il  s'Etoit  Engagé 
audit  Bentley  pour  Partir  sous  la  diitHrlïon  du  s""  Borner  disant  que 
c'etoit  Pour  le  Poste  vincennes,  mais  Etant  En  route  ledit  Borner 
leurs  dil  qu'ils  dévoient  aller  dans  la  Belle  n'viere  a  un  village  anglois 
Etabli  au  depas  de  la  chuttc  dans  une  rivière,  interrogé  de  quoy  Etoit 
chargé  la  voiture  qu'il  menoit  a  repondu  ïju'ils  Etoïent  chargé  autant 
qu'il  &  pu  voir  de  vin  Eaudcvïc,  thé,  jus  d'orange,  poudre.  Baies  fusils 
Et  autres  Marchandises  Scches  de  plusieurs  Espèces  Et  après  .... 

[Alt  signed] 

[Teslioiûny  oj  Carbonneaux,  notary  puhlù:.\ 

....   interrogé  si  le  sieur  Bentley  n'auroii  point  été  chez  lui  pour 

ui  faire  (aire  quclqu'ouvrages  relatif  a  son  metier,  a  quoy  a  repondu 

qu'Effectivement  un  jour  au  Environ  le  commencement  avril  dernier 

[Transialion.] 
him  concerning  it  by  the  clerk  of  the  said  Bentley,  the  same  Jimmy  ;  and 
after.  .  .  . 

\An  signed.] 
[Testimony  oj  Pierr*.] 
....  We  have  asked  if  he  had  not  engaged  himself  to  M.  Bentley 
to  make  a  voyage,  to  which  he  has  answered  that  in  fact  he  had  engaged 
himself  to  the  said  Bentley  to  set  out  under  the  direction  of  M.  Borner, 
who  said  the  expedition  was  for  the  Post  Vincennes;  but  when  they  were 
«I  route  the  said  Bomer  told  them  that  they  were  to  go  on  the  Ohio  (o  an 
English  ^^llage  established  above  [?]  the  falls  in  a  river.  Asked  with 
what  the  boat,  that  he  conducted,  was  loaded,  he  answered  that  il 
was  loaded  as  much  as  he  could  see  with  wine,  eaudet-ie,  tea,  orange 
juice,  powder,  gun  «hot,  and  other  dry  merchandise  of  several  kinds; 
and  after.  .  .  . 

[AU  signed.] 
[Testimony  of  Carbonneaux,  notary  puMtt:.] 
....  We  have  asked  if  M.  Bentley  had  not  been  at  his  house  to 
have  him  perform  some  work  relative  to  his  profession,  to  which  he  has 


COURT  OF  ENQL'IRY,  SEPTEMBER  ii,  1777 


37 


I  le  s'  Bentley  auroit  été  chez  lui  lui  demander  d'aller  sommer  M*"  de 
Rochcblave  de  luy  un  mandat  de  la  somme  de  deux  milles  El  ([uciqucs 
cens  livres  a  quoy  le  declarant  lui  auroit  repondu  qu'il  n'Etoît  liuissîcr 
pour  retire  ses  payements  Et  qu'il  pouvoit  y  aller  luy  même  licdit  Bentley 
luy  répliqua  que  c'Etoit  la  Coutume    En   unglcterre  a  quoy  ledit 
declarant  lui  répliqua  que  si  il  Etoit  Muni  d'ordre  pour  faire  summa- 
tion Et  contraindre  Mondit  sieur  de  rochcblave  au  payement  qu'il 
B  Etoit  prcst  de  les  mettre  En  Execution  a  Linstant,  Bentley  sorti»  vers  le 
"  soleil  conchant  Etant  rentré  chez  ledit  declarant  lui  ayant  mis  En  main 
le  mandat  dont  il  Est  question  mondit  sieur  de  Rochcblave  antrat  par 
hazard  chez  ledit  declarant  qui  lui  dit  jai  un  mandat  que  Monsr 
Bentley  m'a  remis  icy  dont  vous  devés  le   payement  Mondit  sr  de 
Rochcblave  repondit  donné  le  moy  que  je  L'accepte  Et  le  payeray 
K  demain  le  declarant  lui  répliqua  que  le  sr  Bentley  lui  avoit  dit  qu'il  ne 
I       vouloit  pas  qu'il  L'acceptât  Et  qu'il  Envouloît  le  payement  toute  suite, 
ledit  Bentley  vint  trouver  le  declarant  chez  le  sr  plasy  Environ  les  neuf 

f  heures  du  soir  lui  disant  veoés  En  votre  maison,  je  veux  vous  parler  Et 
[Translaiion.] 
answered  that  in  fact  one  day  about  the  commencement  of  last  April  M. 
Bentley  had  Ixrcn  at  his  house  to  ask  him  to  command  M.  dc  Ruchiîblavc 
to  pay  him  a  draft  for  the  sum  of  two  tho\isand  and  some  hiindird 
livres,  to  which  the  deponent  had  answered  that  he  was  not  a  huîssUr 
to  collect  his  pajTTcnts  and  that  he  could  go  there  himself.  The  said 
Bcnlley  replied  that  it  was  the  custom  in  England,  to  which  the  said 
dcpom-nt  repliai  thai,  if  he  was  armed  with  an  onler  to  make  a  summons 
^  and  to  constrain  M.  dc  Rochcblave  to  pay,  he  was  ready  10  put  îl  in 
B  execution.  Then  Btmtlcy  went  out  and  about  sunset  returned  to  the 
house  of  the  deponent,  and  put  in  his  hand  the  draft  in  question. 
By  chance  M.  di;  Rot-hchlavc  entered  into  the  house  of  the  tIr[K)nen[, 
and  the  latter  s;itd  lo  him,  "I  have  a  draft,  for  which  you  owe  pay- 
ment, that  M^  Benilcy  has  delivered  to  me."  M.  dc  Rochehlave 
answered,  "  Give  it  to  mc  that  I  may  accept  it  and  I  will  pay  it  to- 
morrow." The  dejKinent  replied  lo  him  that  M.  Bentley  hiul  s:iid 
to  him  that  he  did  not  wish  him  to  accept  it  hut  he  wanted  the 
payment  of  it  immediately.  The  said  Bcnlley  sought  the  dcfKment 
about  nine  o'clock  in  the  evening  at  M.  Plasy's  and  said  to  him, 
"Come  to  your  house.    I  wish  to  speak  lo  you,"    And  when  he  had 


38  ILUNOÏS  lUSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Etant  rendu  chcx  Iv  declarant  il  hii  dit  faite  moy  uq  protest  contre  M'  de 
Rochcblavc  pour  n'avoir  pas  voulu  payer  mon  mandat  a  cjuoy  le  dit 
declarant  lui  répondit  pourquoy  voults  vous  protester  contre  une  per- 
sonne qui  a  voulu  accepter  ce  jourdhuy  votre  mandat  pour  le  payer 
demain  Est  ce  L'heure  de  faire  des  protests  vous  ne  voules  donc  Pas 
le  faire  dît  celui  cy,  vous  n'estes  doDC  pas  le  notaire  du  public,  vous 
êtes  le  notaire  de  Monsieur  do  Rochcblave  seul,  tout  a  L'heure  je 
vais  revenir  un  moment  apriîs  il  antra  chez  le  dit  declarant  declarant 
|îif]  accompagné  du  s'  Daniel  Murray  devant  lequel  il  vomit  les  paroles 
les  plus  indecent  (|ui  ol>lîgca  ledit  declarant  daller  chercher  les  s'  plasy 
Et  pierre  filin  craignant  d  '  ICn  venir  au  mains  avec  ledit  S**  Bentley  qui 
vouloit  absolument  faire  faire  le  protest  audit  declarant  par  faute  dac- 
ceptation  Kt  de  payement  dans  le  moment,  et  ledit  Bentley  voyant  que 
ledit  declarant  avoit  du  secours  apri-s  Beaucoup  de  Paroles  injurieuse 
tant  d'une  part  que  de  L'autre  s'csl  retiré  awc  ledit  Daniel  Murray  lui 
disant  qu'il  scavoit  ou  porter  ses  plaintes  Et  après  .... 

[AU  sigrud] 

[TraHstation.] 

returned,  to  the  home  of  the  de[K>neiit,  Bentley  said  1o  him,  "Draw 
me  up  a  protest  against  M.  de  Rocbeblave  for  not  having  been  willing 
to  pay  my  draft,"  to  which  the  said  deponent  answered,  "WTiy  do 
you  wish  to  protest  against  a  person  who  has  been  willing  to  accept 
ttMlay  your  draft  and  to  pay  it  lo-morrow.  Is  this  the  time  to 
make  protests  ?  "  "  You  do  not  wish  lo  do  it,"  said  Bentley,  "  You  are 
not  then  the  notary  of  Ihe  public;  you  are  the  notary  of  M.  de  Ruuhe- 
blave  only.  Presently  I  will  return."  A  moment  later  he  re-entered 
the  house  of  the  said  deponent  and  was  accompanied  by  M.  Daniel 
Murray,  in  whose  presence  he  vomited  forth  the  most  indecent  words, 
which  obliged  (he  said  deponent  lo  seek  M.  Plasy  and  Pierre  Blin,  since 
he  feared  to  come  lo  blows  with  M.  Bcnllry,  who  wished  absolutely  to 
force  the  deponent  to  draw  up  the  protest  in  default  of  instantaneous 
acceptance  and  payment;  and  the  said  Bentley,  when  he  saw  that  the 
said  deponent  had  assistance,  after  many  injurious  words  on  the  part  u£ 
both  retired  wilh  the  said  Daniel  Murray  saying  he  knew  where  lo  carry 
his  complaints;  and  after  .... 

\  A II  signed.] 


COURT  OF  ENQUIRY.  SEPTEMBER  ii,  1777 


39 


Et  le  même  jour  que  de  L'autre  Part  le  s**  Lachanse  officer  de  milice 
Et  JUT^  de  la  Cour  d'Enquête  nous  a  dcdan!  que  le  printetnps  dernier 
s'etoît  trouvé  chez  M' de  Rwcheblavc  dana  le  Gouvernement  a  un  conseil 
sauvage  Illinois  [quij  arrive  irhivcrncmcnt  En  presence  du  sr  Bentley  qui 
avoît  taxé  M'  de  Rochchiavc  d'avoir  fait  piller  sa  voiture  dans  laquelle  il 
y  avoît  de  l.'Kaudcvic,  M''  de  Roiihchiavc  demandât  en  sa  presence  aux 
dits  Sam'ages  ^luurquoy  ilii  avutcat  pill^  de  L'Eaudevîe  dans  la  dittc 
Berge  et  sic'Etoîlluiqui  leurs  avoil  dunin:  telle  permission,  un  des  chefs 
de  ta  nation  S'cloit  levé  El  dit  qu'il  n'avoit  jamais  été  fait  mention  de  M' 
de  Rochclilavc  dans  tx-ttc  affaire,  un  autre  sauvage  nommd  Patoka  chef 
des  Kaokias  s'est  levd  parlant  a  M'  <lc  Rochclilavc,  mon  Pcre  ce  sont  nos 
jeunes  gens  qui  ne  voudroicnt  jamais  voir  d'Kaudcvic  quand  ils  sont  En 
hy\*ememcnt  par  ce  quils  Boivent  timtcs  leur  pcitcrie,  Et  que  leurs 
femmes  lOt  leurs  Enfants  vont  tout  nud  a  quny  M'  de  Rocheblave  leurs 
repondit  qu'ils  ne  dévoient  Piller  ny  anglois  ny  français  et  qu'ils  ne 
dévoient  faire  tord  a  jwrsoone. 

[Ali  signed.] 


I 


[Transiatioii.\ 
And  Ihc  saine  day  as  of  the  other  part  M.  Lachanse,.  oHicer  of  militia 
and  juror  uf  the  court  of  enquiry  '  has  declared  Cu  us  tliat  last  spring  he 
was  at  M.  de  Rocheblave's  at  a  council  fur  ihe  governmeni  [?]  with  the 
Illinois  Indians  who  had  arrived  from  winter  quarters  and  thai  there  was 
present  M.  Bentley  who  had  accused  M.  de  Rixiheblave  of  having  caused 
the  pillage  of  his  (Bentley's)  boat,  in  which  there  was  enudevte.  M. 
Rochchlavc,  in  the  presence  of  Bentley,  demanded  of  the  savages  why 
they  had  sloten  eaudevie  from  the  said  barge,  and  if  it  was  he  who  had 
gÎTCn  them  such  |iermission.  One  of  Ihe  chiefs  of  the  nation  arose  and 
said  that  there  had  never  been  mention  of  M.  de  Rorheblavc  in  this 
affair.  Another  savage,  named  Paloka,  chief  of  the  Cahokias,  arose 
and  3|)okr  lo  M.  de  Rocheblavc;  "My  father,  it  was  our  young  men, 
who  never  wish  lo  see  caudevie  when  ihcy  are  in  winter  quarters,  because 
ihcy  drink  up  all  ihcir  peltries  and  then  ihdr  women  and  children  go  all 
naked,"  to  whiih  M.  de  Rin^heblave  answered  that  they  ought  not  to 
fob  cither  the  English  or  the  French  and  that  ihey  ought  to  do  wrong 

lo  no  person. 

\AU  signfd.] 

I  Hb  naiTW  doa  Bol  appnr  In   Hochrblinc'*  Inunictlona  ■■  ■  mnatHii)/  llwvawrt:   bul  he 
ilgBDcl  rrfululr.    For  blo(.  notke.  ice  t*"-  PP-  1°'  u-  *■  *'*.  «'  J- 


40  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL   COLLECTIONS 

Etlc<lit  Jomr  Et  an  que  de  L'auucpart  nous  Junîdc  b  Cour  d'En- 
quête, CcrtJlions  a.  qui  il  appartieadra  que  Mtinsicur  de  KochcL>lavc  corn- 
mandant  Et  juge  sur  la  partie  anglotsc  des  Illinois,  n'a  jamais  fait  d'in- 
justice a  Personne  tant  anglois  que  françois  Et  que  toutes  les  Procedures, 
il  les  a  renvoyé  pardevant  des  arbitres  comme  faisoit  cydevant  Monsieur 
Lord  commandant  avant  lui  Et  Lorsqu'il  a  été  obligé  d'En  nommer 
d'office  il  a  choisi  autant  qu'il  a  été  En  son  pouvoir  de  prendre  moltid 
anglois  Et  moitié  françois,  qu'il  a  traitté  avec  humanité  tous  les  angtuis 
réfugiés  'En  ce  Poste  Et  leurs  a.  donné  tous  secours  qu'il  a  pu  n'avons 
aucune  connoissance  qu'il  ait  fait  la  traitte  d'Eaudevie  avec  les  Sauv- 
ages, que  quant  il  a  tenu  conseil  avec  les  Sauvages  il  a  toujours  fait  avertir 
Messiera  les  françois  Et  anglois  cecy  trouver  qu'il  n*a  jamais  parlé  aux 
Sauvages  qu'au  nom  du  Roy  d'engleterre  Et  qu'il  ne  s'est  jamais  servi 
que  du  pavillon  anglois  dans  le  temps  qu'il  Etoit  nécessaire,  qu'il  a 
toujours  reprimé  les  Sauvages  Lorsqu'ils  manquoient  Et  les  a  maintenu 
dans  le  Bon  ordre  Et  que  nous  sommes  contents  de  son  Govemement 
Et  de  sa  justice  Et  avons  signé  le  jour  Et  an  que  L'autre  Part. 

[AU  signed.] 

[TransiaticH.] 

And  the  said  day  and  year  as  of  the  other  part  we  the  jurors  of  (he 
court  of  cnquir)'  certify  to  whom  it  shall  concern  that  M.  de  Rochcblavc, 
Commandant  and  Judge  in  the  English  part  of  (he  Illinois,  has  never 
done  any  injustice  to  anyone  cither  English  or  French,  and  that  he  has 
sent  all  suits  before  arbiters  as  did  ht-n-loforL-  M.  Lord  before  him,  and 
when  he  has  been  obliged  to  name  arbiters  he  has  tliosen  as  far  as  it  has 
been  in  bis  power  half  English  and  half  French  ;  (hat  he  has  treated  with 
humanity  all  the  English  who  have  takeu  refuge  in  this  pu^L  and  has  given 
them  all  the  assistance  that  he  could.  We  have  no  knowledge  Ihal  he 
has  traded  in  eaudevU  with  the  savages.  We  know  that  when  he  has 
held  councils  with  the  savages,  he  has  always  uotitied  Ihe  French  and 
English  here;  that  he  has  never  spoken  lothe  savagescxccpt  inlhc  name 
of  the  king  of  England  ;  and  that,  when  it  was  necessary,  he  has  never 
used  any  but  the  English  flag;  that  he  has  always  restrained  the  savages 
when  Ibcy  required  it,  and  has  kept  Ihera  in  good  order;  and  that  we  are 
content  with  his  government  and  his  justice;  and  wc  have  signed  (he 
day  and  year  of  the  other  part. 

[Aii  signed.] 


BEt^TLEVS  PETITION,  OCTOBER  6,  1777 


4» 


Petition  of  Thomas  Bentley,  October  6, 1777. 

[B.  M..  ai84s,ï.  IÏ.— A.  U.S.'] 
His  Excellency,  Sir  Guy  Carlcton,  Knight  of  the  Balh,  Capt^ 
General  and  Governor  in  Chief  of  the  Province  of  Quebec,   General 
&  Commander  in  Cbief  of  His  Majestys  Forces  in  the  said  Province  & 
the  Frontiers  thereof,  S:c.  &c.   &c. 

The  Petition  of  Thomas  Bentley  Humbly  Shewelh 
That  your  Petitioner  left  the  Illinois  Country  the  34*''  of  May 
last  with  M'  de  Rocheblav'e's  passport  to  go  to  Arissilimadnac  where  he 
arrivd  after  a  very  tedious  Si  dangerous  Passage  on  the  31"  of  July, 
when  immediately  on  his  landing  his  effects  were  seized  by  Major  dc 
Peyster  &  himself  imprisoned.  That  on  demanding  the  cause  he  was 
answered  it  was  by  orders  from  Lieutenant  Governor  Hamilton  &  that 
he  must  go  to  Detroit  where  his  accusers  were.  That  he  obtaind  Per- 
mission from  Major  de  Peyster  (upon  finding  security  to  be  answerable 
for  the  amount  to  the  Crown)  to  sell  his  Furs  &c  That  so  restricted 
he  lost  on  the  article  of  Beaver  only  upwards  of  one  Hundred  &  Fifty 
Pounds  Sterling  having  been  offcrd  so  much  raoa-  by  another  Person 
who  coud  not  gi^-e  the  security  required.  That  on  his  arrival  at  Detroit 
he  demanded  to  know  from  M*^  Hamilton  the  Cause  of  his  ImprisOD- 
mcnt  who  informed  him  it  was  in  consequence  of  a  letter  from  M'  de 
Rochcblavc  but  that  there  was  not  to  bis  knowledge  any  deposition 
to  support  his  charge.  That  on  his  cxi^stulating  with  M'  Hamtllon 
on  the  impropriety  of  such  conduct,  he  inform'd  the  Petitioner  that 
"He  was  abovx  the  Law  acknowledging  that  what  be  was  doing  was 
illegal  that  no  doubt  he  made  himself  liable  to  a  prosecution  but  thai 
it  would  not  be  in  his  Power  to  make  any  retaliation  as  he  had  nothing 
to  lose  &  moreover  that  Government  must  support  bJm  in  whatever  be 
did."  That  the  Petitioner  bcg'd  Permission  to  return  from  thence 
to  the  Illinois  offering  security  for  his  appearance  if  he  did  not  clear  the 
matter  up;  but  all  in  vain.  That  his  principal  reason  for  undertaking 
so  irksome  &  perilous  a  Voyage  was  in  Order  to  secure  a  Remittance 
to  his  friends  Mess*^  Walker  Dawson  &  C",  and  others  in  London  (o 
whom  be  is  indebted  &  who  are  Gentlemen  of  known  credit  &  well 
eslablishcd  Reputation.  That  the  Detention  of  his  Person  it  Property 
is  equally  injurious  lo  them  as  lo  hiraaelf  thereby  unhappily  depriving 

>TUk  luu  been  priated  io  Hie  Mitk.  Bià.  CMtOiaiu,  At,    p.  jjt,  Araa  •  gdw  la  '"lawillin 


43 


ILLINOIS  mSTORIC.\L  COLLECTIONS 


him  of  Ihc  means  of  satîsf3âng  his  creditors.  That  he  hag  been  very 
iU-trealtd  by  M*^  de  Rochcblai-c  at  the  Iliinois  by  his  oppressive  & 
Tyrannical  measures  the  said  Rochcblavc  having  seized  his  effects  to 
a  consiflerahle  amount  refusing  seoirity  for  standing  a  fair  Trial.  Thai 
secure  in  his  Innocence  he  left  the  Illinois  unprovided  for  any  defence 
&  without  scttlinj;  his  affairs  in  such  a  manner  as  to  admit  of  his  absence 
from  that  Country  where  his  affairs  arc  considerable  &  arc  now  in  a 
state  of  abandon  &  will  be  the  more  so  the  longer  he  isdctaind  having 
icfl  no  person  behind  him  capable  of  transacting  his  Buîâness.  That  he 
has  a  recent  example  of  the  fatality  of  his  absence  from  that  Country 
since  its  being  abandoned  by  Government  as  during  an  abscnre  last 
Year  to  West  Florida  of  not  quite  four  months  he  was  wrong'd  of  about 
Eight  Thousand  Dollars.  That  he  was  never  in  any  of  the  Colonies 
now  in  Rebellion,  nor  is  he  lu  his  knowledge  acquainted  with  a  single 
person  amongst  them. 

That  confident  of  his  Innocence  &  not  conscious  of  having  trans- 
gressed the  Laws  of  his  Country  cither  in  Word  or  Deed  hopes  Your 
Excellency  will  be  pleased  to  call  such  an  immediate  enquiry  into  the 
matter  that  in  justice  to  himself  Family  &  Friends  his  Innocfincc  may 
be  as  conspicuous  as  has  been  his  accusation.  That  shou'd  you  not 
deem  such  an  enquiry  necessary  he  is  ready  of  himself  &  by  his  friends 
to  give  such  security  as  may  be  required  not  only  for  his  future  conduct 
but  also  for  his  appearance  whenever  Your  Excellency  shall  think  proper 
to  have  a  farther  Eclaircissement. 

That  your  Petitioner  in  full  reliance  on  that  Justice  Impartiality 
&  IIunMnity  which  have  ever  so  justly  distinguished  Your  character 
humbly  flatters  himself  Your  Excellency  will  be  most  graciously  pleased 
to  companionate  his  Distresses  &  permit  his  immediate  Return  to  his 
wife  and  family  &  Your  Petitioner  as  in  Duly  bound  will  ever  pray. 

Montreal  the  6'*»  October  1777.  T.  Bentley. 

\Endorsfd:] 

Petition  of  M'  Bentley  sent  Prisoner  on  suspicion  of  being  dis- 
affected to  Govcmment  from  Michiliraachinac,  ô**"  October  1777. 


A    REGISTRATION,   N0VP:M1tKR  8,  1777  43 

A  REursTRAnoN,  November  8,  1777. 
[K.  MSS.,  Court  Kccnrrl,  f-  117.] 

L'an  mil  Sept  crnt  soixante  cl  <lix  cl  le  Dixlcmc  jour  du  mois  de 
Novembre  avant  Mîdy  Est  aimparu  au  Greffe  de  la  Ville  des  Kas- 
kaskia  le  sieur  Richard  Hanstm  le  Qutl  Nous  a  requis  de  lui  Knrcgisïrc 
Le  pointé  de  le  rvqu'ïlc  cl  le  [lermis  de  saisir  {)mvisutrcmcnt  qui  suit  ce 
que  avons  fait. 

Soit  ccmmunîqiié  a  M"  Richard  Winston  et  Patrick  Kennedy 
faisant  pour  M""  Morgan  Pour  fournir  débats  à  Bon  leur  setible  Lundi 
dix  du  present,    fort  Gage  Ij;  8"«  9"*"  1777. 

signé  RocHEnLAVR 

au  revert  Est  Ecri 

Au  Jourd'huy  dix  novembre  mi!  sept  cent  soixante  et  dix  sept  huis 
heure  du  matin  sont  comparu  En  vertu  de  notre  ordonnance  d'avant 
hier  M**  Richard  Hanson,  Patrick  Kennedy  et  Richard  Winston  ces 
deux  derniers  ont  déclarés  n*clre  plus  agcnlsde  M""  George  Mais  acqueri 
eurs  de  son  bien  quîls  disent  avoir  acquis  et  Payé  surquoy  nous  avon- 
accordé  audit  sieur  Richard  Hanson  sui.^ie  Provisoire  sur  tous  les  Ellcis 

{TranslaiioH.] 

On  the  morning  of  ihi;  loth  of  Novcmlwr  1777,  therp  appeared  at 
the  clerk's  office  in  the  town  of  Kaskaskîa  Mr.  Richani  Hanson'  who 
required  us  to  register  for  him  the  drx-kct  of  a  petition  and  the  per- 
mission lo  seize  provisionally  that  which  follows,  which  we  ha>-e  done. 

Let  it  be  communicated  to  MM.  Richani  Winston  and  Patrick 
Kennetïy  acting  for  M.  Morgan,  so  that  ih**y  may  furnish  pleadings  if 
they  see  fit,  on  Monday,  Ihe  loih  inst. 

Fort  Gage,  the  8th  of  Novcml>er  1777. 

(signed)  Rochbblavb. 

On  the  back  is  written: 

To-day,  November  loth,  1777,  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
appeared,  in  wrtue  of  our  decree  of  day  before  yesterday,  MM,  Richard 
Hanson,  Patrick  Kennedy  and  Richard  Winston.  These  last  two 
have  declared  that  they  are  no  longer  the  agents  of  M.  (jeorge  [Morgan], 
but  the  purchasers  of  his  goods  which  they  daim  to  have  purchased 
and  paid  for:  wherefore  «e  have  accorded  to  the  aforesaid  M.  Richard 

I  Very  liule  ha*  bwn  lound  obout  him.  Hr  arar  to  ihe  Illinoi*  oouBtry  u  ■  dvk  lor  Btrnion, 
Wharton  &  Ugrsu.     Omtill  Indci  ol  lU.  Hia.  CtUtUimi,  il. 


44 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


qu'il  trouvera  appartenir  au  Sieur  George  Morgan  autant  qu'il  Provcra 
n'avoir  rien  reçu  Par  M'  debcmier  suivant  La  Clause  de  la  lettre  de 
M'  George  Morgan  Kn  vertu  de  laquelle  Est  accordée  La  diltc  saisie, 
La  dittc  Lettre  reconnue  ftrc  de  son  Ecriture  Par  M"  Patrid:  Kennedy 
et  Richard  Winston  fort  Gage  Lan  et  Jour  que  dessus. 

[Translation.] 
Hanson  iironsionary  seizure  o{  ail  the  effects  which  he  may  find  belong- 
ing to  M.  George  Morgan,  provided  he  shall  prove  that  he  has  receiii-ed 
nothing  through  M.  Dclwmierc,'  according  to  the  clause  of  M.  George 
Morgan's  letter,  in  virtue  tif  which  is  accorded  the  said  seizure,  said 
letter  recognized  as  being  In  his  [Morgan'sJ  writing  by  MM.  Patrick 
Kennedy  and   Richani  Winston. 

Fort  Gage.    The  same  year  and  day  as  above. 


RiCHAUD  McCarty  to  John  Askjn,  June  7, 1778. 
(B.M..  ai;s;,f.7.-Copy.] 

Copy  of  &  Letter  from  M'  Richard  McCarty'  at  S'  Urseuts  at  Ihc 
Illinois  the  7'''  June  177S,  To  M'  John  AsWin'  at  Michilimackinac. 

I  beg  you'll  be  so  good  as  inform  Major  He  Pcyster  that  Mackinac 
the  maiv  I  deli^Trcd  him  a  Speech  from  last  year,died  Iwforc  my  arrival 
here,  but  that  Pondiac  Son  to  the  Great  Pondlac  is  gone  to  Detroit 
with  some  other  IndLans  that  came  here  this  Spring,  they  seem  well 
pleased  with  his  Invitation  &  would  have  gone  to  Michilîmakinac  had 
the  other  been  living,  they  seem  well  inclined  to  the  English  on  all 
Accounts,  Young  Pondiac  hopes  for  a  Medal,  they  arc  so  much  my  pro- 
tection as  an  English  man  that  Indians  daily  Steal  Horses  from  the 
Village  &  none  from  me,  Iho'  mine  arc  loose  in  the  open  field,  the  Con- 
voy is  arri»'c<I,  that  is  two  Roats,  one  with  a  new  Governor  for  Ihc 
Spanish  Side,  the  other  under  his  Cover  for  the  Americans  with  Liquors, 
&  150  Bails  broad  Cloth,  blue,  white  Sc  red,  they  are  to  be  lodged  at 
St.  Louis  opposite  my  place;  untill  they  come  for  it. 

I'llienarneiiiipnini  oujuiiiiull)- altJichKl  liinulitrul  ducumenliia  tbe  Kai^kia  ItSS,  durûigi 
ibr  Biitlsli  p«riiid,  bui  I  hiin  b«m  atilv  lu  <li>ccxrrr  doUiIrs  d*«  cunctmùgc  kiin. 

'Riclutd  M'Carîv  wdiaTncrcham.rrJdenllylraniCftnuIi.  In  llifiTill&<eoICAl)otii&.  K<-iilaT«d 
Wl  Imiiurcuil  UU1  In  tn?  cuimliy  a'trr  U»  ncciimlian  by  Ihe  Vlroinlaiu.  Src  lU.  tllil.  CotUfSioni,  il. 
(coiMlt  Endog.    Severo]  rricrcma  In  him  iril!  tic  finuicl  in  llur  Index  In  thU  mJumc 

*  John  AiUa  wu  a  jromlnFtit  lta(l«  nt  IVtn^i.  IIf  ojut  rat  «unn  altn  tlic  fVmch  md 
Indu  War,  aw  a  «ommÎMiinr  >I  Mackinuc  until  17^.  irh<^  l)t  «nt  dia(nl»«d  frnni  the  irmke. 
Muiyof  hl>  (BperaMv  in  the  cull«ilnn  a{  C   M.  Burion.  ii4  nrrnjit,  and  In  clw  Canudrnn  AnUvM. 

Smctal  fdcnncsa  lo  hk  calvprbn  wiJl  I»  luuiul  ia  iha  111.  Hia.  CalUeliaiu,  il.  (eoaauli  Indci). 


DE  PEYSTER  TO   HALDIMAND,  AUGUST  15,  1778         45 

Was  there  a  few  Troops  here  to  encourage  ihc  Good,  put  heart  in 
the  weak  and  inlimedate  the  bad,  this  Country  might  lie  ])n:scn-ed  & 
Uic  communkallon  cut  off,  but  as  it  has  been,  they  have  with  about 
forly  men  going  down  the  Ohio  to  Manchac  last  fall  taken  atniut  5cx> 
packs  from  Knglisb  Subjects,  680  Negroes,  much  Dollars  from  the 
lower  inhabitants,  &  a  Brig  of  14  Guns  at  Manchack  with  40  men  on 
board,  &  that  taken  by  14  men  belonging  to  Willing  the  American 
Commander,  he  intimidated  the  People  going  before  S{>anish  Boats 
&  making  the  Inhabitants  believe  the  Boats  coming  after  were  all 
Armed  &  of  his  Party,  it  is  said  that  Morgan  was  to  be  here  with  600 
men  last  winter,  but  very  likely  he  has  something  else  to  do.  There  is 
no  news  of  any  disturbance  in  Europe  this  way,  God  send  us  soon 
the  much  to  be  wished  for  news,  of  an  union  with  England  A:  her  Cnl- 
unies,  pray  send  us  what  news  you  can  your  way,  the  Spaniards 
it  seems  are  in  a  bad  condition  for  having  seized  the  English  \'cssel  at 
Orleans  last  year,  &  do  encourage  the  English  to  come  all  in  their 
power,  having  no  Indian  go^xl»  at  all. 

I  am  D^  Sir  Vour  most  Obcd^  very  humble  Scrv* 

(Signed)    Richard  McCartv. 

{Endorsed:] 

M.N- 4-   1778. 

Copy  of  a  letter  from  M""  McCarty  at  S*  Ursula  In  the  IlUaois  giving 
an  ace*  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Rebels  in  those  parts,  dated  7*''  June, 
enclosed  in  Maj.  De  peysters  letter  of  15'^  Aug. 


Major  De  Pevster  lo  Go\'ernor  Haldimamd,  August  15,  i;78. 
[B.M..  «7Sî,f.47.— A.L.S.] 

MlCIIIUMAKINAC,  15  Aug*  I778. 

Snt, 

The  inclosed  letter  from  M'  McCarty,  a  Trader  from  this  post 
to  the  Illinois  and  one  from  S^  Joseph's  will  give  Your  Excellcnry  some 
insight  into  what  ts  doing  or  likely  to  be  done  in  that  Quarter.  Mc- 
Carty's  Account  is  Confirmed  by  several  people  just  arrived  from  the 
nienoig.  I  am  also  inform'd  that  reports  are  spread  in  all  the  Illenois 
Villages  that  the  French  are  soon  to  take  possession  of  that  Country. 
As  there  arc  no  troops  to  prevent  the  Virginians  from  going  there. 


4fi  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

ihcy  have  tt  in  their  power  to  spread  reports  and  ptiîson  the  minds 
(he  Indians  s»  as  at  leasl  to  make  it  very  dangerous  to  traders  ....  * 
I  have  the  Hoiiour  to  lie  with  ihc  Oreatcst  rcs[>ect. 
Your  Exœllcnc)'s  Musi 

Hum^  &  Obed»  Serv» 

A*  S.  De  Pfyster. 
[Eiuiorsed:]    Michilimakinac  1778.    Major  Dcpeyslcr.     15'*»  Aupist, 
rec"  St  h  Sept' 

From  Major  De  Veystcr  Commanding  at  Michilimakinac  enclosing 
two  Letters,  one  from  M'  Macarty  at  S^  Ursules  in  the  Illinois  giving 
an  Ace''  of  the  Rebels  proceedings  in  that  Post,  dated  the  7'*"  June. 
The  other  from  Louis  Chevalier  of  S*  Joseph  of  26  July. 
Dated  15"'  Aug»  1778.    Rec.  8  Sept. 

1  Tht  Knuiodcr  ot  Xhe  letla  rtiutt  ui  LaufiChnntitr. 


CI 


.iKi-  1. 


K'.^i  .V.lWl  ,M0T2WV/  QMAH'JIH  UT 


i;v  IT   ,  :•■■  ;■,.,.    '   \-  ,  ■   ■■■ 
.  ■■.      :    .>    .;   ...:      i'    ;, 
■'    ■■■  .     i  -  ;    'i'      ■ 


CHAPTER  n 

THE  VIRGINIANS   OCCUPY  ILUNOIS,   JULY  4.   1778,  TO   MAY   la, 

«779 

GovEBNOB  IIenhy   Atpoivts   WnfSTOs   Captais— Cerhé   Writes   to 
Cu^KK  —  Father  Gœaclt,  Dr.  LArrojfr,  axd  the  Submission  of 

ViNCENWES  —  SeGOTN'S    AcTOUWT  —  OaHRIEL     CeRRÉ  —  HaEROU     AND 

Williams  Borrow  Money— Ikstructions  to  Clark  —  A  Procla- 
mation C0NCER.VINC  Slaves  —  BentleVs  Feienps  —  John  Topd 
Appears  —  Father  Gibaclt  Sells  Land. 


Patsick  Heksv's  CoKiassioN  to  Richard  Winston,  July,  1778. 

[K.  MSS.—  Printed  form,  signcd.'] 

The  Commonwealth  of  Virginia. 

Richard  Winston  Esq,  Greeting: 

[MS.  lorn]  you,  that  from  the  special  Trust  and  Confidence  which 
is  reposed  in  your  Palriotisin,  Fidelity,  [coulrage,  and  good  Cuaducl, 
you  are,  by  these  Presents,  constituted  and  appointed  C<ip^"  of  Militia 
in  the  Toien'  of  Kaskaskias  6'  ils  Dependaftccs.  You  are  therefore 
carefully  and  dilllgently  lo  dis<:harge  the  Duty  of  G^jfr'"  Commandant 
of  the  Militia,  by  doing  and  \M3.  /(»rrt]ming  all  Manner  of  Things 
thereunto  belonging;  and  you  are  to  pay  a  ready  Obedience  to  all 
0[rdcrs  and]  Instructions  which  from  Time  to  Time  you  may  receive 
from  the  Gcvernour,  or  executive  l-l/.S".  hrn\  for  the  Time  being,  or  any 
of  your  superior  Officers,  agreeable  to  the  Rules  and  Reg[ulation3  MS. 
torn]  [Co]nvention  or  General  Assembly.  All  Officers  and  Soldiers 
under  your  Command  are  hereby  sCric[tly  MS.  torn]  and  required  to  be 
obedient  to  your  Orders,  and  to  aid  you  in  the  Execution  of  this  Com- 
mission, [MS.  lorn]  to  the  Intent  and  Purpyrl  thereof, 

\MS.  torn]  Patrick  Henry,  Esquire,  Govemour  or  Chief  Magistrate 
of  the  Commonwealth  aforesaid,  at  ( Williams )burg,  this  [no  datt\  Day 
of  July  Year  of  the  Commonwealth,  Annoq.  Dom,  177*. 

P  Henrv. 

>  The  woMs  iirinted  In  iulk*.  not  in  bndim,  ore  writtra. 

■The  ((iutrd  iTixdmf  tlic  [om  "Cjuniy  u(  "  oTc  crtiœd  OUI.  Thbdocumeil  baiMlhcr  Inilica- 
Ilea  ol  maiinuninlian  ti«**wi  Claifc uul  iW  Amnicnn  tndmnvvkiiKialtwfiiniwr'icipcdiiicMilc 
llllnub.liir  It  [midcnt  lro[nUÛ9llulCCtal]iCiiiiir|ir>itiilal  With  hunk  tomiiHinal  Xty  (•rjTrriMr  Ifrnrj. 

bccaiuo  be  npKMd  toaod  paraootuifficUoilv  trviKnithy  M  iibec  la  rwpoiuibk  potltigw. 

47 


48  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Gabriki.  Cerré  to  Georce  R.  Clark,  July  ïi,  1778 

[Draper  MSS.,  48J34-'— A.  L.  S-] 

Monsieur, 

Jal  ifté  extrêmement  mortifi*?  de  np  m£trc  pas  trouvd  en  mon  dom> 
idle  lors  de  votre  arrivée  aux  Caskaskias. 

Jaurais  eu  L'honneur  de  vous  donner  des  preuves  de  mon  Enlicrc 
Soumission  a.  mes  Supérieurs  mais  mon  Etat  étant  détrc  marchand  et 
par  consequent  obligi*  de  voyager  dans  les  dîffcrcns  postes  de  ces  pays 
pour  faire  Subsister  ma  famille,  ma  mauvaise  Etoile  ou  pour  mieux  dire 
Ihabitudc  annuelle  ou  je  Suis  de  commencer  mes  voyages  dans  ce  temps 
ont  causé  mon  malhrur  et  Suivant  le  bruit  public  mes  Ennemis  Jaloux 
des  peines  que  je  me  donne  me  procurer  une  heureuse  médiocrité  on! 
profité  de  mon  absence  pour  me  noircir  et  me  metre  mal  dans  Icsprit 
des  personnes  dont  jenai  pas  I/honiicurdcilre  connu  bien  persuadé  que 
ma  conduite  passée  et  celle  a  venir  vous  étant  connue  une  fois  vous  me 
rendrez  le  justice  qui  est  due  a  tout  bon  Sujet  soumis  Je  crains  que 
dans  le  premier  instant  les  faux  raportsdc  mes  Ennemis  ne  portent  quel 

[  Tmnslalion.] 
Sn: 

I  was  extremely  chagrined  thai  I  was  not  at  home  at  the  time  o£  your 
arrival  at  Kaskaskia. 

I  would  have  had  the  honor  of  giving  you  proofs  of  my  entire  sub- 
mission to  my  superiors:  but  since  my  profession  is  that  of  a  merchant 
and  I  am,  consequently,  obliged  to  travel  to  the  different  posta  of  this 
country  to  make  a  living  for  my  family,  my  unlucky  star,  or  lo  speak 
more  correctly  the  annual  habit  I  have  of  commencing  my  journeys  at 
this  lime,  caused  my  misfortune.  According  to  public  rumor  my 
enemies,  jealous  of  the  efforts  I  make  to  obtain  a  comfortable  mediocrity, 
have  profited  by  my  absence  to  blacken  mc  and  destroy  me  in  the  opin- 
ion of  persons  to  whom  I  have  not  the  honor  of  being  known.'  I  am 
well  persuaded  that,  when  my  past  and  future  conduct  are  once  known 
to  you,  you  wiil  render  n^c  the  justice  that  is  due  to  every  good  and  sub- 
missive subject.  1  fear  that  in  the  first  moment  the  false  reports  of  ray 
enemies  may  cause  injury  to  my  fortune,  the  only  object  of  their  hatred. 

'Tlila  tapy  ft  nu-le  Irurn  the  copy  «liiod  by  F.  J.  T^rn«.  la  the  A^f-  HiM.  Rmrw,  viii,. 
iCompon  Clnrk**  ocroimt  in  £aclb>>,  ranfMM  v/  ikt  Nwikmi,  i,  484. 


WINSTON  TO  OFHCER  OF  TFIE  GUARD 


49 


quatcinte  a  ma  fortune  Seul  objet  de  leur  haine,  dalllcurs  ayant  entre 
les  mains  les  affaires  de  dcffunl  M""  Viviat  colloquies  avec  plusieurs  per- 
sonnes des  Caskaskias  et  qui  demandent  ma  ])rcscncc.  José  \'ous  Suplier 
\fonsieur  de  Vouloir  bien  maccordcr  un  Suave  conduit  i>our  me  trans- 
porter en  mon  domicile  afin  qucn  vertu  dicelui  je  puisse  me  laver  des 
accusations  que  ion  vous  a  fait  contre  moy  et  vaquer  aux  affaires  qui 
mappcllcnt  au  dit  lieu.  Cest  la  grace  qucspcrc  de  vous  le  Sujet  le  plus 
Soumis  qui  a  L'honneur  dfttrc  a\'cc  le  plus  pnifond  respect  Monsieur 
Votre  trcs  humble  et  trcs  obéissant  Serviteur 

Cerré 

A  S'  Gencvicre  le  n"  Juillet  1778 

[Endorsed:]  Letters  Inclosed  in  one  Cuver  To  Col"  Clark  July  iï«1» 
1778. 

[TranslalioH.] 
Besides  I  have  in  my  hands  the  affairs  of  the  deceased  M.  Viviat  to 
arrange  with  several  persons  of  Kaskaskia,  who  require-  my  presence, 
t  venture  to  solicit  you,  sir,  to  have  the  goodness  to  grant  me  a  passport 
to  return  home,  so  that  I  may  clear  myself  of  the  accusations  thai  have 
been  made  against  mc  and  attend  to  (he  afTairs  that  call  me  there. 
This  is  the  favor  that  the  most  submissive  subject  desires  from  you; 
and  lie  has  the  honor  of  bcinj;  with  the  most  profound  respcii,  sir, 
your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant. 

Ckrké. 
Ste  Genevieve.  July  11,  1778. 
M.  George  Clark. 


Richard  Winston  to  trk  officek  of  the  ouakp.  No  date. 

[Draper  MSS..  0}a&.—  A.  L.  SJ 

Sir' 

I  am  to  acquaint  you  that  there  is  Something  Incomprehensible  a 
Carrying  on  in  Town  this  night  tis  Suspected  that  Cerré  is  this  Night 


■  Thl«  un^itd  communion  ioa  tnuti  have  bno  ia>t  tharily  o/tn  the  oocupjiliin  of  Kiukaid[A  by 
Qirk.  AI  that  Uim  Gftbrid  C*ni  «u  la  Si.  Lcub,  and  It  wtt  mom  d*v«  Mot*  CUrlt  vu  a1iI«  to 
•Btnn  him  tubmEiklain  Mid  aupparl-  The  otAy  ptrind  when  Cmfa  trnmcr  in  the  lowa  would  >ia*e 
bMn  ■  touKC «f  duiiMr  Idl  b«l«tra  tha  tjin«iif  tbcMCupalionknd  hh  tubminfan,  ItLimould  nuke 
th«il>IKDlllieaciicii}jiiui  JulTjr,  ilffe.  CUtt'*  ttimnii  in  F.nalliJi.  W.  11 .  CimentU  vf  Ike  Nj^liatÈl, 
a*.  For  the  lilr  of  I'.nhricrCen^  taaaull  Ihr  Indn  lA  III.  Itiil  C'-Otiiù-ni.  ii  ,  aw)  "Jnn  Clnlirid 
Cmf.a  Sketch,'  l>]rWnliet  B.  nnugloi,  in  7><i>iwiii»ni  ■>!  ihc  111.  Sim*  Hiii.  Sue  .  190J. 


50  ILLINOIS  ïîISTORrCAL  COLLECTIONS 

In  Town  {.Vf. S.  imperfrrt]  of  M""  L'Chancf  '  lliis  I  gî\T  you  from  mere 
hearsay  and  the  Mancouvrcs  I  See  Slighly  Carried  on  by  People  in  the 
Dark 

I  am  Sir  Vours  and  the  States  Truelj-  Failhfull  friend  and  Hum'* 
Ser»-*  Rica:   Wixston. 

[Addrased:]  To  (he  Officer  of  the  Guard,  Fort  Clark. 


Jeak  Bte.  Lafpont  to  Grorge  R.  Ciabk,  August  7,  1778. 
[Archives  oî  Archiépiscopal  Palace,  Quebec.— A.  L.  S.] 
A  Monsieur  le  colonel  George  Roger  Clark,  pn?senl. 

Je  ne  puis  Monsieur  qu'approuver  ce  que  Monsieur  Gibeaut  a  dît 
lian*  le  contenu  du  journal  s'il  a  obmit  quelque  vérité  historiques  qui 
auroicnt  été  dignes  d'Être  racomplésce  qu'il  a  dit  et  [îjV]  la  vérité  peure, 
tout  cequ'il  m'a  prié  d'ajouter  et  qu'il  vousdira  a  vous  mCmeet  m'a  prié 
d'être  présent,  qu'il  a  Oublié  et  que  dans  tous  les  afferre  civilles  tant 
avec  les  françois  qu'avec  les  Sauvages,  îl  ne  s'est  mêlé  de  rien  n'en  ayant 
point  d'ordre  et  cela  étant  contre  son  cararlèrc  et  que  J'en  ay  eu  sculSe 
direction  luy  m£mc  s'en  étant  tenu  envers  les  uns  et  ks  autres  a  la  seullc 


[JfV(tiu/u/i<rff.] 
To  Colonel  George  Roger  Clark,  present.' 

I  cannot  but  approve  that  which  M.  Gibaull  said  in  the  contents  of 
his  journal.  [Even]  if  he  did  omit  some  historical  truths  which  might 
have  been  worthy  of  narration,  that  which  he  said  is  the  pure  trulh. 
All  that  he  has  begged  me  to  add  and  which  he  will  tell  to  you,  and  has 
asked  mc  to  be  present  (and  which  he  forgot)  is  that  in  all  the  civil 
affairs,  not  only  with  the  French  but  with  the  savages,  he  meddled  with 
nothing,  because  he  was  not  ordered  to  do  so  and  it  was  opposed  to  his 

■  NioùLu  C&illol  ifil  l^chaue  w&a  proliably  nol  in  the  riltaie  of  EatJuskLi  ui  lh«  timr  of  Uic  occu- 
nlun  tiy  CUik;  (or  ho  had  beta  taken  prluMtcr  by  ihc  boti  uiidn  Cujiuin  Willing,  uhii  jKntnlRl 
CUrï.  laduMC,  lUeCnrf,  btïOBMdIa  tbc  paltjr  MppotiiDR  ihc  Kniuh  atut,  (Maioa,  E.  (>.. 
"RodicUtn  pftp»r*,"ln  C^Utoukt.SodnfyCalittjiimi.iy.ioK).  I  luvchmi  unihlr  lo  coUra 
Inlvmatioa  -coactmiiiii  l^«ftilM  tmimii  to  this  period,  at  btcamc  an  iininrual  f*clot  in  Ku- 
kasluu  fotiLka,  wu  didad  ludf*  b  177»  and  lit*.  Durinf  Uw  period  of  «taittiy  folluwini  Ui« 
atnllllonol  Iheoiurl  \if  WuMùa,  Lactùinte  ittacAM  hinudf  lo  the  panr  of  John  Qôdxc  He  «nil 
bii  numtrsut  Mm  motôl  to  iHe  SjnoWb  (Ida  of  iKn  MlHil>«!npt)>*iinmihr  vMn  1787  and  1700,  tad 
■rtllnitt  N^^Bf»itl>on  anilSte.  Oenevinrc,  ^Jil,  [I.  414:  III,  JJiit.  Call<iluim,  iL  (Coowll  Iniin): 
Houdu  L..  HiH.  n/  Itiinuri.  i.  ]60. 

*  For  •  dl«cuâùn  bi  thb  l«tbr  anda  biaeapUttl  aaiiM  of  L.iflDnt.  sn-  rmrodncUcin.  This  Inirr. 
wiih<)lh«n[rinicdliithb  volume.  luwrilMOacdiMnBDol  1iicIu<1rI  line,  luivrbMnpublUlml  lir  iliv 
ediu»  in  tb*  Amv.  Hill.  Ktv.,  April,  1909.    Tkt  litter  ia  (nialed  ia  facsimile  no  Uie  uppmitc  çatfi. 


■    '■■"    -^^      ■         ■■-•■■'■■    •■■         ■•■■■•■    i    ■'>.. 


LOUIS  SEQUIN'S  DEPOSITION 


5» 


"vocation;  ami  Ihit  I  alonc  had  ihe  direclîon  of  the  affair,  he  himself 
having  toofincd  himsilf  towards  holh  French  and  Indians  solely  lo 
exhortation  tendante  à  la  paix  et  a  l'union  et  a  empêcher  l'effusion  du 
sang  ainsi  Monsieur  jKJur  le  temporal  dont  je  suis  charge  rnticrcmenl 
i'espere  en  avoir  loulc  la  satisfaction  possible,  m'étant  comport<!  en  tout 
avec  une  intégrité  inviolable,  mon  zelle  et  ma  sincérité  me  persuade  que 
vous  auré  la  bonté  Monsieur  d'accepter  les  voeux  que  j'ay  Thonneur  de 
faire  pour  votre  personne  et  de  me  croire  avec  un  rcspcclucux  alache- 
mens, 

Monsieur,  Voire  Irfe»  humble  et  Irbs  obciscnt  serviteur 
Kaskaâkias  le  7e  août  1778.  LAifpONT 

\Translaiion.] 
exbortatioD  lending  towards  peace  and  union  and  to  the  prevention 
of  bloodshed;  and  so,  sir,  for  the  temporal  affaira  with  which  I  am 
wholly  entrusted,  I  hope  to  have  all  (he  satisfaction  possibk-,  for  I  acted 
in  all  things  with  an  irreproachable  intcgrily.  My  zeal  and  my  sincer- 
ity persuade  me  that  you  will  have,  sir,  the  kindness  to  accept  the  good 
wishes  which  I  have  the  honor  to  make  lo  you,  and  to  believe  me,  with 
a  most  respectful  regard. 

Your  very  bumble  and  very  obedient  sen'ant, 
Kaskaskia,  August  7th.  1778.  XjifFONT. 


I 


Deposition  or  Louts  Sequin  concerning  captdre  of  Vincekmcs. 

[Probate  Court  Rtcord,  April  34,  iS^a-Dec.  30,  1843,  page  58,  Cbcstcf,  111.] 
Personally  apfK'ared  in  open  Court  I^uis  Seguin  aged  seventy  four 
years  a  rcs[)i:ctable  diizen  of  Kaskaskia,  anil  known  to  the  Court  as  a 
man  of  truth  and  veracity,  who  being  duly  sworn  deposes  and  says  that 
he  was  born  and  raised  at  Kaskaskia,  Illinois,  and  has  always  lived 
(here.  That  he  was  residing  there  at  the  time  that  place  was  captured 
by  Colonel  George  Rodgers  Clarke  willi  Ihc  Virginian  forces  in  1778, 
and  was  then  about  ninteen  years  of  age.  That  he  together  with  (he 
inhabitants  generally,  joined  and  supimrtetl  the  American  Cause.  That 
a  few  months  after  [he  capture,  he  was  employed  by  Col.  Clarke  to- 
getber  with  another  Creole  by  the  name  of  Jojong,  as  a  spy  to  go  to 
Vincennes  for  the  purixisc  of  giving  information  in  the  citizens  of  Vîn- 
cenncs,  who  were  friendly,  of  the  slate  of  things  at  Kaskaskia,  and  to 


s» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


advÎ5c  them  to  be  quiet  and  Iranquil.'  That  the  army  would  be  there 
accompanied  by  the  citizens  of  Kaskaskia.  He  look  a  letter  from  Col. 
Clarke  to  Captain  Helm  as  he  believes,  in  this  semce  this  deponent  lost 
a  horse  of  the  vaJue  of  fifty  dollars.  He  remained  at  Post  Vincenncs 
until  Col.  Clarke  came  there  with  his  army,  and  was  present  when  that 
place  was  captured,  and  took  an  active  ]>art  with  the  American  forces 
in  the  &ght.  He  was  nine  days  going  to  Post  Vinceones  with  Jogong. 
After  Post  Vinccnnes  was  taken,  the  deponent  was  one  of  thirty  men 
d^alched  by  Col.  Clarke  up  the  Wabash  River  to  overtake  some 
British  boats  loaded  w-ith  merchandise  for  the  Indians,  and  with  powder 
and  clothing  for  the  British  soldiers.'  They  succeeded  in  taking  the 
boats  and  returned  to  Post  Vinccnnes  and  remained  there  a  month  or 
more,  and  returned  to  Kaskaskia.  He  further  deposes  and  says  that 
the  whole  time  he  was  in  the  service  of  Col.  Clarke  at  Kaskaskia,  at 
Vincemies  and  in  taking  the  boats,  was  about  two  months.  He  further 
deposes  and  says  that  about  a  year  thereafter  he  as  one  of  sijrty  men 
under  the  command  of  a  Major  Langto  or  some  such  name,  of  the 
militia,  in  axi  expedition  from  Post  Viocennes  to  Fort  Clark  or  Fori 
JcETerson  as  some  call  it,  at  the  Iron  Banks  on  the  Mississippi  River, 
the  expedition  went  in  a  boat  and  he  was  employed  about  eighteen  days 
in  going,  and  returning.'  He  further  deposes  and  says  that  he  has 
never  received  one  cent  for  the  above  services,  nor  any  compensation 
whatever  therefor,  neither  from  the  State  of  Virginia,  or  any  of  her 
officers,  nor  from  the  United  States. 


>  If  tba  tnlormMian  ol  ihts  depmltioa  ^dalcd  i8m)I>  correct,  ind  there  Hona  ta  txotily  very  little 
itMon CO dbiniii  It,  ihr  puper  addiiotaiMhLajioouikDDiiilRlgr  a<f  ■hecaplllr«oi\1acBm)aioFel>nI<- 
^',  i??Q.  tc  nunc  'A  ilic  icootuu  by  Cluk  or  Bownuii  It  rhf  rn  my  mrnilnn  ii[  i  mrimi  tif  nul  h  iit 
iti  the  riniplc  ul  VmccniKs  to  «nni  ibea  of  the  approoidiicig  «ablance.  In  hb  "Lttta  lo  Uuen" 
lEadish.  ^E'K4■l<^''•'/ tA<  Nvrtkaiul,i.,^3b)  Qtrkwriia  thtili«NniaObixMinealo\1&cCBiittloûke 

■  jjrlKuner  (inm  whuia  hr  miifht  nlrLiin  lalcrmBtlcBI,  but  dtBl  tbey  found  it  lirpncticiMp  on  Mcniunt  til 
high  iTiitct.  Nil  doubt  vKL4  wiU  Ibi  (IiKtJlllonM  VblCl)  Swiin  Wcnl.  tiul  his  fïnicailuuncc  tif  iu  iau- 
fMMnuidiirrrcnl  trum  QurWV     Sr^uln'i  MnKtneat  «MIIM  «tfalgbllcinunl  raniiich,  uml  lii-  ki>  infling 

tlÛMory  cf  oneoIUiciiiimcuat  DvwUirfbiftllfr,  toiiiipoaeflireitut  bt  rrnianlK^ist  coneciW     On 

llMathvhând,  CtwkluuimanlmnaCtuitrvcmilacluioald^Md,  lif^Idr*  tIiU.  It  wnulil  hnvr  imixiirrd 
«UDeirfiat  l&E  dnnulic  Mlliaa  of  ni»  wtmcivc,  ii  the  French  peojiJc  wo-r  ujiniinK  him 

■Gl  ttiii  nprdittdn.  Clark  wrilm:  "Knairiiii  (hat  Governor  Hamilton  had  imt  ■  pKrlyol  mrn 
up  the  Ouutwch  !■>  Dmt  (or  vore»  tbJtl  he  hail  kit  Ihfrv.  wtkl>'li  inu>t  It  oii  thric  trlum,  I  .  .  . 
liupatchHl  Cdpuin  Hdm  irilh  ■  iMtly  in.  unifij  bcuii.  «ho  nirpciird  and  nude  priiioiFriotrartr,'" 
—  CUrk'i  Mtcr  l»  MMua,  EagUlK,  Ctnuiitrt  ej  Ih-r  .\cftJia^l,  !..  4M. 

'  In  17B0  Fvst  JrHenan  wâs-haictcd  liy  Inilia-iix.  and  rdlFl  pknioxwie  tcqi  Imm  ill  the  French 
vitkiB.    Xh«  paiiy  Eroia  Vincaum  wm  aa4tt  ihu  cumnMad  of  Captaii>  V.  T.  Dolttm. 


MONFORTON  TO  CERRE,  SEJTEMBER  21,  1778  5J 

M.  MoNroRTON  to  Gabriel  Cerké,  Sept.  aad,  1778. 
[B.  M.  ai78t,  L  107.—  Copy.] 
A.  M'  Ccrre  aux  Ilinois  au  Detroit  le  aa  Scplcmt>rc,  1778. 

MONSIEtTR, 

A%ant  de  partir  de  Mchiiimakinac  je  ne  suis  fait  l'honneur  de  *-ou» 
ccrire;  incertain  51  ma  lettre  vous  est  parvenue  je  vcus  reitre  par  celle 
id  la  part  que  j'ai  prise  a  vos  disgraces  quelque  prévenu  que  je  soi»  de 
votre  Constance  je  ressens  tix-ement  et  je  partage  toute  la  [leinc  des  mau- 
vais traitements  qu'  avec  Monsieur  de  Rocheblave  vous  avez  Eprouvé» 
de  la  part  de  ceux  qui  traînent  en  Ennemis  les  [«rsonnes  que  l'honneur 
et  la  Religion  tiennent  soummis  et  fidelles  a  leur  prince. 

Je  suis  français,  Ce  qu'en  cette  qualité,  seuEcmenl  je  dois  a  Monsieur 
de  Rocheblave;  ce  que  d'ailleurs  son  Rang  et  son  mérité  m'impriment 
de  respect  et  de  veneration  ;  Et  ma  Reconnoissance  aux  marques  de  La 
Bîcnvcuillance  dans  les  frequantes  occasions  que  j'ai  eu  de  le  \'oir  ches 
vous:  m'intéressent  egallement  a  son  sort  et  je  ne  puis  asscs  dcplorcr 
le  fatal  instant  ou  sans  secours  il  a  Clé  surpris  et  traité,  a  ce  qu'on  rap- 

[  TranslatUm.] 

Detroit,  Sept,  aa,  1778. 
To  M.  Cerré,  in  the  Illinois. 
Sir: 

Before  departing  from  Michillimackinac  I  hod  the  honour  to  write  to 
you.  L'ncerlain  as  to  whether  my  letter  reached  you  I  repeat  in  this 
letter  ihe  part  I  took  in  your  misfortunes.  However  biased  I  may  be  in 
regard  to  your  constancy,  I  feel  keenly  and  share  all  the  pain  of  the  bod 
treatment  which,  with  M.  de  Rocheblave,  you  experienced  at  the  hands 
of  those  who  treat  as  enemies  the  persons  whom  honor  and  religion  retain 
in  submission  and  faithfulness  to  their  prince. 

I  am  French  ;  what  I  owe  lo  M.  de  Rocheblave  in  this  quality  alone 
interests  me  in  his  fate  ;  but,  beside  that,  his  rank  and  his  merit  impress 
me  with  respect  and  veneration,  asdocsalsomy  recognition  of  the  marks 
of  bis  goodwill  to  me  during  the  frequent  occasions  that  I  saw  him  at 
your  house.  For  these  reasons  equally  I  am  interested  about  his  fate 
and  I  cannot  deplore  enough  the  fatal  moment  when  without  any  succor 
he  was  surprised  and  treated,  according  to  rcpurls,  in  a  manner  that 


54  ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

porte,  d'une  façon  qui  devroit  moins  intimider  qu'  iudiquer  Ceux  que  le 
Capitaine  Lord  avuit  Confitîs  a  ses  soins. 

Le  Capitaine  Lord  Pou  voit  il  choisir  un  successeur  qui  fut  plus  digne 
de  cette  affection  que  son  amour  pour  la  justice,  son  idle  pour  le  bien 
peublic,  «t  son  disintcresscmcnt  lui  avoint  a  juste  titre  mcrilée  de  la  part 
des  habitants  des  Ilinois;  dont  le  sort  scroit  véritablement  a  plaindre  si 
ta  Providanoe  ne  leur  envoyoit  un  prorapt  secours  pour  les  aider  a  secouer 
un  joug  que  sous  l'apparence  d'une  chimérique  indépendance  on  veut 
leur  imposer  quels  avantages  pourroint  ils  tirer  de  cette  independence. 

La  Conduite  des  américains  dans  leur  invasion  des  Arcan&as,  et 
autres  postes  sans  deilance,  leur  Contrcvcntions  au  Droit  des  gens  dont 
Monsieur  de  Rocheblavc,  qui  le  motif  seul  de  se  rendre  utîUe  a  un 
peuple  qu'  une  longue  fa-quantalion  lui  avoit  rendu  cher,  a  malheu- 
reusement ressenll  les  vtïels;  promettent  files  aux  habitans  des  llinots 
des  avantages  plus  reels  que  ceux  que  leur  procure  le  gouveninient 
Britannique. 

Ils  n'en  ont  pas  joui,  j'en  conviens  sous  le  Commanderaanl  du 
Colonel  Willkins  mais  les  preuves  qu'Us  ont  données  de  leur  attadiemeut 

[Translation.] 

ought  to  make  indignant  rather  thon  intimidate  those  whom  Captain 
Lord  bud  confided  to  his  care. 

Could  Captain  Lord  have  chosen  a  successor  who  was  more  worthy 
of  that  affection  which  his  love  for  justice,  his  zeal  for  the  public  good, 
and  his  disinterestedness  had  gained  for  him  on  the  part  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  Illinois,  whose  loi  wuuld  indeed  be  worthy  of  pity,  if  Provi- 
dence does  not  send  them  a  prompt  assistance  to  help  tbem  sbakc  off  the 
yoke,  which,  under  the  appearance  of  a  chimerical  independence,  some 
wish  to  put  on  them.  What  advantages  could  they  draw  from  this  inde- 
pendence? 

The  conduct  of  the  Americans  in  their  invasion  of  Arkansas  and 
other  posts  without  any  deEcntx-,  (heir  violation  of  the  law  of  nations  — 
of  which  M.  de  Rocheblavc  has  unfortunately  felt  the  effects,  his  only 
motive  being  to  render  himself  useful  to  a  people  who  were  dear  to  him 
through  a  long  association  —  do  these  things  promise  to  the  inhabitants 
oE  Illinois  advantages  more  real  than  those  which  the  British  government 
procures  for  them? 

They  did  not  enjoy  them,  I  agree,  under  the  command  uf  Colonel 


MONFORTON  TO  CERliK,  SEPTEMBER  jj,  1778 


55 


pour  Ic  Captaine  Lurd  le  Regret  qu'ils  on  témoigné  a  s(»i  Dcpait 
semblent  avoir  détruit  tes  fausses  idées  que  son  prédécesseur  aurait  pu 
faire  tiaïtrc  dans  leurs  e^prils,  et  si  comme  moi  ils  eussent  eu  tant  d'oc- 
casions de  connoitre  IVsprit  et  ie  caractère  de  la  nation  anglaise,  comme 
moi  ils  seroint  pleinement  convaincus  que  le  changement  dont  ils  sont 
menacés  ne  peut  que  leurs  être  funeste  dans  la  suitte. 

Vous  le  saves  Monsieur  les  Evencmenis  et  les  circonstances  OEt 
donné  lieu  a  des  préjugés  qui  quoique  fondés  sur  une  incertitude  asscs 
embarassante,  ne  laisâcnl  pas  que  de  partager  tes  esprits  et  les  opinions 
dans  une  conjoncture  si  fâcheuse. 

La  France  dit  on  a  fait  un  traité  de  commerce  avec  les  américains, 
la  guerre  par  consequani  doit  être  déclarée  on  peut  donc  se  flatter  de 
Revoir  le  canada  soumis  a  ses  Loix. 

La  profonde  et  obscure  ignorance  ou  l'on  est  dans  un  pais  si  cldgné 
du  Continant  ne  permet  gueres  de  s'arrêter  aux  différentes  nouvelles  que 
les  différantes  intérêts  rcpcndent  dans  k  peubHc,  je  ne  puis  ni  ne  veux 
pénétrer  les  secrets  du  Cabinet,  il  m'  appartiendroit  encore  moins  d'ex- 
aminer les  raisons  de  (wtitique  de  ta  france. 

[Translation.] 
Wîlkins;  but  the  pnx>fs,  whicti  tliey  gave  ul  tlieir  fondness  for  Captain 
Lord,  the  regret,  wlUcti  tbey  sliowc-d  at  his  departure,  seem  to  have  des- 
troyeiJ  the  false  ideas  which  his  predecessor  might  have  caused  to  spring 
in  tticir  minds;  and  if  they  had  had  as  many  occasions  to  know  the  spirit 
and  character  of  the  Kuglish  nation,  as  I  have  had,  they  would  have  been 
fully  convinced  that  the  change  with  which  they  arc  threatened  cannot  be 
otherwise  than  detrimental  to  them  in  its  consequence. 

You  know  it,  sir;  events  and  circumstances  have  given  occasion  for 
precedents  which,  although  founded  on  an  incertitude  quite  embarrass- 
ing, do  nut  fail  to  divide  the  minds  and  opinions  in  a  conjuncture  so 
unpleasant. 

France,  they  say,  has  made  a  commercial  treaty  with  the  Americans; 
war  must  be  declared  consequently;  one  can  therefore  expect  to  sec 
Canada  again  subject  to  French  laws. 

The  profound  and  obscure,  ignorance,  in  which  one  liws  in  a  country 
so  far  frum  the  continent,  hardly  permits  one  to  dwell  upon  various 
reptjrts  which  dilTercnt  interests  scatter  among  the  public.  I  am  not 
able  nor  do  I  wiiih  to  penetrate  the  secrets  of  the  cabinet;  it  concerns  me 
even  less  to  examine  the  reasons  for  the  policy  of  France, 


56  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Je  suppose  que  pour  ]'intere»t  de  son  Commerce  elle  ait  jugé  a 
propos  de  faire  un  1  rait^  avec  les  américains,  a-clle  prcteode  les  engager 
a  cornmetre  des  hostilîUs  en  Canada  si  en  declarant  la  guerre  elle  a 
intenlion  de  s'en  rendre  la  maîtresse  et  que  le  succès  reponde  a  son 
entreprise  est  il  de  son  interest  que  les  américains  y  établissent  un  em- 
pire dominant. 

Pourquoi  dune,  hclasi  trop  prodigues  de  leur  propre  sang  sont  ils 
venus  rependre  celui  de  tant  d'innocents  que  la  bonne  foi,  l'honneur, 
le  serment,  la  Religion  et  l'autorité  de  leur  prince  obligent  de  s'opposer 
a  leur  incursion.  S'ils  ont  cru  avoir  quelque  raison  de  se  soustraire  a 
l'obéissance  du  souverain,  Le  Canadien  naturclkment  soumis  et  de 
bonne  foi  pouvoît  il  immagincr  quelque  pretcxlc  pour  les  approuver  et 
suivre  leur  exemple  sans  se  rendre  cou])aUe  et  de  purjure  et  de  la  plus 
noire  ingratitude. 

Le  gouvernement  Britannique  a-il  rien  négligé  de  ce  qui  pouvoit 
contribuer  au  Bonheur  de  ce  peuple  ses  sages  precautîonis  dans  les  choix 
de  ceux  a  qu'il  confié  son  autorité  pour  le  gouverner,  sa  prévoyance  a 
établir  la  justice  dont  l'administraiioa  fut  toujours  donnée  a  des  juges 

\Transiati(m.\ 

I  suppose  that  in  the  interest  of  her  commerce  she  has  seen  fit  to  make 
a  treaty  with  Che  Americans.  Has  she  pretended  1o  engage  them  to 
commit  hostilities  in  Canada?  If  by  declaring  war  she  has  the  inten- 
tion of  becoming  mistress  of  it,  and  if  her  success  corres[>onJs  to  her 
enterprise,  is  it  her  interest  that  the  Americaus  should  establish  there  a 
dominant  empire? 

Why,  then,  alas!  Coo  extravagant  with  their  own  blood,  have  they,  if 
they  thought  they  had  some  reasoti  to  withdraw  from  the  obedience  of 
Iheir  sovereign,  come  to  shed  the  blood  of  so  many  Innocent  persons  who 
arc  obliged,  by  their  good-faith,  honor,  oath,  religion,  and  the  authority 
of  their  prince,  to  oppose  their  (Americans')  incursion  ?  Could  Canadi- 
ans, naturally  submissive  and  of  good  faith,  imagine  any  pretext  to 
sanction  them  in  following  their  example  without  rendering  themselves 
culpable  both  of  perjury'  and  of  the  blackest  ii)]jralitude? 

Has  the  British  government  neglected  anything  which  might  con- 
tribute to  the  welfare  of  its  people?  Its  wise  precautions  in  tlie  choice 
of  those  to  whom  it  gives  authority  tu  govern,  its  care  in  establishing 
justice  whose  administration  is  always  given  to  judges  as  upright  as 


MONFORTON  TO  CERRE,  SEPTEMBER  as,  1778  57 

egallement  intcgrcs  qu'  cdain^s  ses  encouragements  jxiur  l'agraiidissc- 
ment  du  cummerce  qui  en  si  j>eu  ile  terns  eioiL  devenu  si  tlurissani  n' 
ctomt'ils  pas  un  sur  garant  aux  Canatlicnsde  leur  félicité. 

Les  Américains  ne  }Hiuv<)int-i(s  pas  jtiuir  des  mêmes  ])rcmgativi's  qui 
eussent  elles  élt'  suivies  des  taxes  selon  eux  onéreuses  leur  laissoit  en- 
trevoir des  avantages  préférables  a  ceux  qu'ils  csjiercnt  d'une  indé- 
pendance qu'ils  |ire%'oyoinl  bien  ne  ]>ouv(>ir  acheter  que  par  l'efusltm  du 
Sang  et  dunl  la  }H)sterile  la  plus  reoilie  leur  féru  des  justes  reproches. 

Cet  idole  a  qui  ils  ont  sacrifie  tant  d'innuccnlcs  vidimes  n'a  apj)rescnt 
qnc  trop  d'adorateurs  dans  cette  partie  de  l'amerique  au  nombre  des 
quels  on  a  cumptiî  le  père  Floquet.  ïi  il  est  coupable  de  quelque  tra- 
hison il  a  (:t(!  sans  diHJte  d'autant  plus  dangereux  que  sa  Correspondance 
a  été  Iroj»  long  tcms  cachée  en  le  cas  ceux  qui  ont  quelque  Connoissancc 
de  l'institut  de  la  Compagnie  de  Jésus  doivent  savoir  ladlETerenœ  qu'il 
y  a  entre  un  franc  jesuiltc  et  un  jusuitle  franc  et  la  conduite  de  Monsieur 
Carlelon  a  ce  sujet  est  une  preuve  bien  aulantique  de  l'idée  que  je  \'cux 
donner  de  la  douceur  du  gouvernement;  Son  Excellence  n'ayant  fait 

[Translittion.] 
Ihcy  are  judicious,  its  encouragement  for  the  development  of  commerce 
which  in  so  short  a  time  has  become  so  flourishing,  ore  not  these  a  sure 
guarantee  to  the  Canadians  of  their  felicity? 

Were  not  the  Americans  able  to  enjoy  the  same  advantages,  which, 
had  they  been  followed  by  taxes  in  their  opinion  burdensome,  stiti 
allowed  them  to  foresee  advantages  preferable  to  those  which  they  expect 
from  an  independence,  when  they  see  very  well  that  they  wUl  not  be  able 
to  buy  this  except  by  the  shedding  of  blood  for  which  posterity,  even  the 
most  remote,  will  make  just  reproaches  to  them  ? 

This  idol,  to  which  they  have  sacrihced  so  many  innocent  victims, 
has  at  present  only  loo  many  adorers  in  that  part  of  America,  amongs^t 
whom  Father  Floquel' has  t»ecncountctl.  If  he  is  guilty  of  some  treason, 
he  has  been,  without  doubt,  the  more  dangerous  as  his  correspondence 
in  the  case  was  too  long  hidden.  Those  who  have  some  knowledge  of 
the  Onlcr  of  the  Company  of  Jesus  must  know  the  difference  there  is 
between  an  out  and  out  Jesuit  and  an  honi-st  Jesuit  ;  and  the  conduct  of 
M.  Caxletoii  in  this  matter  is  a  very  authentic  proof  of  the  idea  I  wish 
to  convey  concerning  the  gentleness  of  the  government,  His  Excellency 

I  Sbmbn  of  the  Jnciii  oidn,  li«icis  bI  Mmtnal. 


5»  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

d'autre  demarche  dans  une  conjoncture  si  delicate  que  de  le  Rccom- 
piandcr  aux  soins  de  Monseigneur  Lei-cque. 

Le  aele  avec  lequel  sa  grandeur  avec  son  Respectable  Cierge  se  soin! 
portes  a  encourager  les  lidcllcs  rafTcrmir  les  chancelions  et  rappelles  les 
Egaras  ne  laissant  rien  plus  h.  craindre  a  son  Excellance  de  la  part  du 
père  Floquet  auroint  du  sans  doute  détruire  dans  tout  le  peublîc  les 
malheureux  préjugés  qu'il  avoit  cémentés  dans  l'esprit  d'un  peuple 
creduUe  et  ignorant  et  dont  un  bonne  partie  aura  été  preser\-ée  par 
l'exemple  éclatant  de  la  noblesse  et  des  gens  de  bien  en  Canada  que 
l'honneur  seul  a  armés  pour  la  defiance  de  leur  prince. 

Je  ne  pretends  pas  Monsieur  meriger  ici  en  fin  politique  ni  donner  a 
personne  des  leçons  de  ce  qu'un  ftdelle  sujet  doit  a  son  prince  je  ne  suis 
ni  dans  un  état  ni  dans  aucun  emploi  qui  m'y  Engage.  Ceux  de  vos 
amisde  ma  cunnoissance  et  a  qui  vous  pourries  faire  part  de  la  part  que 
je  prends  a  vos  disgraces  et  de  ma  sensibité  [sic]  aui  fâcheuses  con- 
jonctures qui  nous  affligent  egallcment  n'ont  pas  besoin  d'encourage- 
ment pour  suivre  votre  Kxcmple  s'il  se  presentoît  quelque  occasion  de 
vous  rétablir  dans  vos  droits  dont  ils  ne  se  vcrroînt  non  plus  que  vous 

[Transliition.] 

having  taken  no  other  steps  in  such  a  delicate  conjuncture  than  to 
recommend  him  to  the  care  of  Monseigneur  the  Bishop. 

The  zeal  with  which  his  lordship  and  his  honorable  dergy  have 
worked  to  encourage  the  faithful,  lo  strengthen  the  weak  and  lo  call 
back  the  erring,  leaving  nothing  more  for  His  Excellency  to  fear  on  the 
part  of  Father  Floquet,  ought  to  have  destroyed,  without  doubt,  in  all  the 
public  the  wretched  prejudices  which  he  (Father  Floquct)  had  implanted 
in  the  minds  of  a  credulous  and  ignorant  people,  a  great  many  of  whom 
may  have  Ijccn  preserved  by  the  brilliant  example  of  the  nol>iiity  and  the 
well-to-do  in  Canada  who  were  armed  by  honor  alone  in  the  defence 
of  the  prince. 

I  do  not  pretend,  sir,  to  set  myself  up  for  a  politician  nor  !o  give  les- 
sons to  anyone  as  to  what  a  faithful  subject  owes  to  his  prince.  I  am  not 
in  a,  position  to  do  so  nor  in  any  employment  which  would  engage  mc  to 
do  so.  Those  of  your  friends,  with  whum  I  am  acquaintcil  and  to  whom 
you  may  relate  the  part  I  take  in  your  misfortxmcs  and  my  regret  for  the 
vexatious  conjunctures  which  InmhlL-  us  equally,  need  no  encouragement 
lo  follow  your  example,  if  some  occaaon  were  to  present  itself  to  re- 


NOTE  OF  HARROD  AND  WILLIAMS,  NOVEMBER  9,  mS    59 

déchus  si  sous  tes  hospices  Monsieur  dc  Rochcblave  vous  eussics  Ic 
moindre  secours. 

Je  vous  prie  Monteur  d&ns  la  rqjonse  dont  j'espcrc  vous  m'hon- 
orercs  m'apprendre  son  sort  et  le  Heu  ou  îl  est  détenu  impalîant  de 
rcnvuir  de  ses  nouvelles  et  des  vôtres  j'ai  l'honneur  d'etre  1res  sincère- 
ment Monsieur 

Voire  Ires  humble  et  obe'  serviteur 

M\^fS.lor^t]rov 
[Endorsed:]  Copy  letter  from  M''  Monforton  at  Detroit  to  Mr.  Ceres  at 
Kaskaquias  dated   32"*^  Scpf    enclosed   in  Lieut.   Gov'  Hamilton's 
Letter  of  the  4^''  Ocl"^.    Received  2g"' 

Marked  Detroit  N"  18. 
[Transiaiion.] 

establish  you  in  your  rights,  from  which  they  would  have  seen  them- 
selves no  more  than  you  fallen,  if  under  the  leadership  of  M.  de  Rochc- 
blavc,  yuu  had  had  the  least  hclj>. 

I  beg  you,  sir,  thai  in  the  answer,  with  which  1  expect  you  wilt  honor 
rne,  you  will  inform  me  of  his  (Rm  heblave's}  fate  and  of  the  place  where 
he  is  held.  Impatient  to  have  news  from  him  and  from  you,  I  have  the 
honor  to  be  very  sincerely,  sir, 

Your  veiy  humble  and  oljedienl  8er\'ant, 

MloNfORjTON. 

PROMISROKY  Note  op  J.  Haïrod  and  J.  Whjjaur,  Norembcr  9, 

1778- 

[K.  MSS.,  CiMin  Retord,  f.  u?-] 

I>  'an  mil  sept  rent  sniix.intc  ct  dix  huit  et  le  vingt  quatrième  Jour  du 

mois  de  novembre  au  Greffe  de  la  ville  des  Kaskaskîas  au  pais  des 

Illinois  Kst  comparu  U:  s' françnîs  ferrant  comnrisde  M""  Charles  Gratiot 

lequel  nous  a  requis  de  luy  Enregistrer  l'obligation  qui  suit  ce  que  nous 

avons  fait- 

[Transiaiion.] 
Iq  the  year  1778,  on  the  34lh  day  of  the  month  of  November,  there 
appeared  at  the  clerk's  office  of  the  town  of  KaskasLJa  in  the  Illinois 
country  M.  François  Ferrant,  clerk  of  M.  Charles  Gratiot,  who  has 
required  us  lo  register  for  him  the  following  promissory  note  which  we 
have  done.' 

<  The  doctunaiti  murliH  H  ibotir.  K,  M$$,,C(jun  Rocard,  u*  all  copied  frnma  vdumrotitm!- 
hTrn>jn]i>.«ni>>nawk>rhùihr>«iird<>MlwwHii]aunheC(MH«sUUi*hcdWC«laiid  Wilkin*  in  1760. 
Many  of  |hcrK>^ds  rainwl  hv  i*>r  clrrk  *rr  imrixlucnl  br  thalarmiili  praiâdlnc  ilikdocurriMI.  In 
Dtilrr  lo  »vc  npur  iliU  rorinul*  hu  licm  lunillcd  in  the  emte  U  Uie  othit  docununU,  and  tlie  dale  ol 
cauT,  wbcB  tWtii,  oowd  in  ihe  hiwtiag. 


6o  ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Know  all  Men  by  these  Presents  that  wc  James  Harrod  &  John 
Williams- both  Captains  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  of  Amen'ca 
are  held  &  finnly  bound  unto  Charles  Graliul  of  the  Village  Cashou( 
|Cahokia]  merchant  in  the  sum  of  Two  Thousand  Eight  hundred  & 
Eighty  Spanish  milled  Dollars  to  Iw  paid  to  the  said  Charles  Gratiot  or 
his  certain  Ex"*,  administrators  or  assigns,  for  which  payment  to  be 
well  and  trucly  made  wc  Bind  &  oblige  ourselves  &  «ich  of  us  by  him- 
self his  Heirs  Ececutcrs  &  administrators  firmly  by  ihcsc  Pn-sents 
Sealed  with  our  Seals  dated  the  ninth  of  Novcmlicr  in  ihc  third  year  of 
ihi!  Imlept'iKlcncc  &  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1778. 

The  condiiitm  of  this  obligation  is  such  that  if  ihe  alwvc  bounden 
James  Hamxl  &  John  Williams  iheir  heirs  Executors  &  ailministra- 
tors,  do  Si.  shall  well  Ifi  truly  pay  or  cause  to  be  paid  unto  the  aliove 
named  Charles  (îraliot  his  hcira  admiiiii^trators  or  Assigns,  the  full  sum 
of  Fourteen  hundred  &  forty  Spanish  Dollars  on  the  first  Day  uf  March 
next  ensuing  the  date  of  the  above  written  obligation  without  fraud  or 
further  delay  ;  then  this  obligation  10  be  void  otherwise  to  remain  in  full 
force  &  virtue. 

Signed  Jaues  Harrod,  Jno  Wiluams 

Signed  Sealed  &  Delivered  in  the  presence  of  us, 

Signed  Test.    Ancus  Cameros  Richard  Winston 

Instrdctions  to  Gkorge    Rogers   Clark   irou   the   Governor 
Patrick  Henry,  December  15,  1778.' 
(Dr.  MSS.,  60  J  1. — Copy  from  Virginia  Sute  Archives.] 
Sib: 

You  are  to  retain  the  command  of  the  troops  now  at  the  several  posts 
in  the  county  of  Illinois  and  on  the  Wabash,  which  fall  within  the  limits 
of  the  county  now  erected  and  called  Illinois  county,  which  troops 
marched  out  with  and  have  been  embodied  by  you.  You  arc  also  to 
lake  the  command  of  five  other  companies  rai.sed  under  the  act  of  Assem- 
bly which  I  send  herewith,  and  which,  If  com|»lcled  as  I  hope  Ihcy  will 
speedily  [be,  will)  have  orders  to  join  you  without  loss  of  lime,  and  are 
likewise  to  he  under  your  command,  with  your  wliolc  force  you  are  to 
protect  the  inhabitants  of  the  county,  and  as  occasion  may  serve,  to  annoy 
the  enemy.  It  is  thought  the  Indian  nations  may  be  overawed  and 
inclined  to  peace  with  us  by  the  adoption  of  proper  measures  with  you. 

'  TliiMC  instmctiani  «rrrr  rodinMl  in  Itir  uicCMdlni  Irita. 


HENRY  TO  CLARK,  DECEMBER  15,  1778 

Or  îf  thai  cannot  be  effected  ihat  such  of  them  as  send  out  parties  toward 
our  frontiers  on  this  side  nf  Ohio  may  be  chastised  by  detachments  from 
your  quarter.  For  this  purpose  it  will  behoove  you  to  watch  their  mo- 
tions, and  to  consider  ihat  one  great  advantage  expected  from  your  situ- 
ation, is  to  prevent  the  Indians  from  warring  on  this  side  of  Ohio.  In 
order  more  effectually  to  prevent  this,  you  are  to  establish  such  posts  in 
different  parts  of  the  county  as  you  judge  best  for  your  troops  to  occupy. 
I  consider  your  further  success  as  depending  upon  the  good  will  and 
friendship  of  the  Frenchmen  and  Indians  who  inhabit  your  part  of  the 
Commonwealth:  with  ihetr  concurrence  great  things  may  be  accom- 
plished; but  their  animosity  will  spoil  the  fair  prospect  which  your  past 
successes  have  opened.  You  will  therefore  spare  no  pains  to  conciliate 
the  affections  of  the  French  and  Indians.  Let  them  sec  and  feel  the 
advantage  of  being  fellow  citizens  and  freemen.  Guard  most  care- 
fully against  ever)"  infringement  of  their  property,  particularly  with 
respect  to  land,  as  our  enemies  have  alarmed  them  as  to  that.  Strict 
and  even  severe  discipline  with  your  soldiers  may  be  essential  to  pre- 
ser%'e  from  injury  those  whom  they  were  sent  to  protect  and  conciliate. 
This  is  a  great  and  capital  matter  and  I  confide  thiit  you  will  never  lose 
Mght  of  it  or  suffer  your  troops  to  injure  any  person  without  feeling  the 
punishment  due  (he  offence.  The  honor  and  interest  of  the  stale  are 
deeply  concerned  in  this,  and  the  attachment  of  the  French  and  Indians 
depends  ujx^n  a  due  obscn'ance  of  it. 

John  Todd,'  Esq.  Iieing  appointed  County  Lieutenant  according  to 
law  during  pleasure,  with  ample  power  confined  chiefly  to  the  civil 
department,  will  have  directions  (o  act  In  concert  with  you  whenever  it 
can  be  done.  On  your  part  you  will  omit  no  opportunity  to  give  him  the 
necessary  co-ojjeraiJon  of  the  troops  when  the  case  necessarily  requires 
it.  Much  will  dqxrnd  upon  the  mutual  assistance  you  will  occasionally 
afford  each  other  in  your  respective  departments,  and  I  trust  that  a  sin- 
cere cordiality  will  exist  between  you  — the  contrary  will  pnwc  highly 
detrimental.  Some  mea.surcs  will  Iw  fallen  uimn  fur  carrying  on  a  trade 
lo  supply  goods  for  the  inhabitants  of  your  county.  You  will  afford  the 
agents  such  aid  or  proteaion  from  time  to  time  as  affairs  require  and 
your  circumstances  will  permit. 

1  send  you  herewith  some  copies  of  the  act  of  govertimeni  and  Bill 


■jAhnTodd'tOMMCiiM  Willi  Hie  Cuunlï  or  tUinoii  h  gmo  to  dMait  ia  tlw  iDUoductioa  to  M. 
BiiL  CeBMiémt,  U. 


6t 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


of  Rtghls  together  with  the  Frciicti  Alliance:  These  will  sen'e  to  shew 
our  new  friends  (he  ground  upon  which  (hey  ;»rc  to  stand,  and  the  support 
to  be  expect[ed]  from  their  counlrymen  of  France.  Equal  liberty  and 
happiness  are  the  objects,  to  a  participation  of  which  we  invite  them. 

Upon  a  fair  presumption  that  the  people  about  Detroit  have  similar 
inclinations  with  those  at  Illinois  and  Wabash,  I  think  it  possible  that 
they  may  be  brought  to  cxpell  their  British  masters  and  become  fellow- 
citizens  of  a  hcc  stale.  I  recommend  I  his  to  y<mr  serious  consideration, 
and  to  consult  with  some  confidential  persons  un  the  subject.  Perhaps 
Mr.  Gibaull  the  Priest  (to  whom  this  rounti^-  owes  many  thanks  for  his 
zeal  ami  services)  may  ]>njmolc  this  alTair.  But  I  refer  it  to  you  to  select 
ihc  pnijxT  persons  to  advise  with  and  to  aid  as  ocrasion  offers.  But  you 
are  to  push  at  any  favorable  occurances  vvhiih  fnriunc  may  present  to 
you.  For  our  jieace  and  safety  are  not  secure  while  the  enemy  are  su 
near  as  Detroit. 

I  wish  you  to  testify  to  all  the  subjects  uf  Spain  upon  every  occasion, 
ihc  high  regard  and  sincere  friendship  of  this  cummunwcalth  towards 
Ihem,  and  I  hope  it  will  soon  be  manifest  that  mutual  advantages  wiU 
den^'C  fn>m  the  neighborhood  of  the  Virginians  and  the  subjects  of  his 
Catholic  Majesty.  I  must  observe  to  you  that  your  .situation  is  critical, 
far  detached  from  the  body  of  your  country,  placed  amongst  French, 
.Spaniards  and  Indians,  strangers  to  our  people,  anxiously  watching 
your  actions  and  behavior  and  .ready  to  receive  impressions  favorable  or 
not  so,  of  our  commonwealth  and  its  Government,  which  impressions 
will  be  hard  to  remove,  and  will  produce  lasting  goixl  or  ill  effects  to  your 
country.  These  considerations  will  make  you  cautious  and  circumspect. 
I  feci  the  delicacy  and  difficulty  of  your  situation,  but  I  doubt  not  your 
virtue  will  accomplish  the  arduous  work  with  honor  to  yourself  and  ad- 
vantage lo  the  slate.  The  advice  and  assistance  of  discreet  good  men 
will  be  highly  neixssory.  For  at  the  distance  of  your  country,  I  cannot 
be  consulted.  General  discretionary  powers  will  therefore  be  given  you 
to  act  for  the  best  in  all  cases  where  these  instructions  arc  silent  and  the 
law  have  made  no  provision. 

I  desire  your  particular  attention  to  Mrs.  Rocheblave  and  her  chil- 
dren, and  that  you  suffer  Ihem  to  wont  for  nothing.  Let  Mr.  Roche- 
blavc's  property,  which  was  taken,  be  restored  lo  his  lady  so  far  as  it  can 
be  done.  You  have  the  sum  of  .sixty  pounds  sent  for  her  use,  in  case 
you  can't  &nd  her  husband's  ciïects  to  restore. 


HENRY  TO  CLARK.  DECEMBER  15,  1778 


«3 


Prudence  requia-s  thai  provisions  Ixr  laid  \n  lo  subsist  the  troops 
you  have,  and  (hose  to  be  expected  l<i  arrive  with  you.  Col.  Bowman 
has  conlratled  lo  deti\'cr  35000  lb  bear  bacon  at  Kentucky,  but  bread 
must  be  had  at  IlUnois.  You  will  provide  it  if  jxissiblc  before  the 
arrival  of  the  troops  or  the  necessity  to  buy  it  become»  generally  known, 
as  perhaps  advantage  may  be  taken  by  raising  the  price.  Lay  up  also 
a  good  stock  of  powder  and  lead.  There  is  a  cargo  of  goods  at  a  Spanish 
post  near  you  belonging  either  lo  the  Continent  or  this  State.  Rather 
than  lei  your  trtxjps  Ix'  naked  you  are  lo  take  a  supply  fur  Ihcm  out  of 
these  goods.  But  this  is  not  to  be  done  but  in  case  of  absolute  necessity. 
Let  an  exact  account  Iw  kept  of  what  is  used  and  let  me  receive  it.  In 
your  negotiations  or  treaties  willi  the  Indians  you  will  be  assisted  by 
Mr  Todd.  Let  the  treaties  be  confined  lo  the  subject  of  amity  and 
peace  with  our  people,  and  not  to  touch  the  subject  of  lands.  You  may 
accept  of  any  services  they  offer  for  expelling  the  English  from  Detroit 
or  elsewhere.  In  case  you  6nd  presents  to  the  savages  necessary,  make 
tliem  sparingly  as  possible,  letting  them  know  our  store  of  goods  is 
small  at  present,  but  by  means  of  our  trade  witit  the  French  and 
cither  nations  we  expect  plenty  of  goods  before  it  is  long. 

Col,  "Montgomery  will  convey  to  you  looooj^  for  payment  of  the 
troops  and  for  other  matters  requiring  money;  in  ihc  distribution  of  it 
you  will  be  careful  to  keep  exact  accounts  from  time  to  lime,  and  take 
sccunly  where  it  is  proper.  I  am  &c 

1  send  you  a  Col°*  Comi-tsion  fi  some  Blanks. 

yrs  as  above  P.  Henry. 

[Addresjfd:\  To  Col"  Geo.  R.  Clark 


Governor  Patkjck  IIknrv  to  Col.  George  Rogers  Clark,  Deœm- 

ber  15,  1778. 
[Draper  MSS.,  48  J  49.—  A.  L.  S.] 

Sot:  W^BVRCH.DeC  15"',  1778. 

Myers  your  Express  has  been  kept  here  a  long  lime.  I  laid  your 
letters  before  the  Assembly  who  are  well  pleased  with  your  conduct  & 
have  thanked  you.  The  Messenger  waited  for  the  passing  the  Ad  I 
send  herewith. 

I  ihank  you  also  for  your  Services  lo  the  Comonwealth,  &  hope 
you'll  stil  have  Success.     M'  Todd  is  appointed  lo  the  County  Lieu- 


d4 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


tenanry,  A  Com  mandant  as  described  in  the  Act  is  a  ctWl  Officer,  éb 
considering  he  is  lo  hold  his  office  during  pleasure,  it  has  been  judged 
incompatible  with  any  military  Office.  You  would  have  had  it,  had 
there  been  found  any  propriety  in  annexing  it  to  military  Comand. 
W.  Todd  being  a  man  of  merit,  I  hare  no  Doubt  he  will  tie  acceptable 
to  you  &  all  your  Cor^ïs.     Let  me  hear  from  you  often  as  pos»ble. 

1  beg  you  will  present  my  Compliments  to  M''  Gibault  &  Docf 
Lafong  &  (hank  them  for  me  for  their  good  Sen-ices  to  the  State. 

I  send  you  a  Copy  of  the  French  Alliance  &  some  other  Papers,  by 
seeing  which  the  people  will  be  pleased,  &  attached  to  our  Cause. 

I  refer  you  to  the  Instructions  I  send  herewith,  &  wishing  you 
Safety  &  Success  am 

Sir  ¥■■    mo.  hble  Servant 

P.  Henry. 

P.  S.  The  president  of  Congress  has  this  momwit  a-isured  mc  that 
the  English  apply'd  to  Spain  to  mediate  a  peace  with  France.  The 
King  of  Spain  highly  resented  the  Terms  offered  by  Ihe  English  & 
put  her  whole  Forces  in  Motion  last  Sep'  when  every  Day  'twas  expected 
Hostilitys  a^*  the  English  would  bo  comentX'd.  The  Count  D'Estaing 
the  French  admiral  has  lately  invited  the  French  in  Canada  lo  take  up 
Anns  &i  join  Ihe  Americans,  &  has  In  his  Masters  Name  promised  to 
support  them. 

Let  this  l>c  known  everywhere  in  your  Quarter. 

pRocLAUAnoN  BY  GEORGE  R.  Clark,  Deceml>er  a^,  1778. 

[K.  MSS.,  Court  Rrcurd,  E.  153. —  Recorded  Dc<:cnit»er  16,  177S.) 
George  Rogers  Clark  Ecuyer  Colonel  Commandant  la  partie  or'en- 
talc  des  Illinois  ct  ses  dependences  &c. 

pROCLABtATJON. 

Sur  les  plaintes  qui  nous  ont  été  addressees  par  les  differens  babitans 

[Traitslalion.i 
George  Rogers  Clark    Esquîrai,  commanding  the   eastern  part  of 
lUincîs  and  ils  dependences,  etc 

pRCCLAMATIO>f.' 
On  Account  of  the  Complainls,  which  have  been  addressed  lo  us  by 

>  Pot  tlie  Iraublei  wiih  the  sb.>cs.  connilt  HL  Hi'il.  CaUatwmi,  U.  ij  tl  icf. 


RMBER  »4,  i?78         6$ 

(Ic  cctle  rive,  par  leurs  rcquttcs  qui  nous  a  été  presentee  Ic  vingl  deux 
du  Current,  icndantc  a  cc  qu'il  nous  plut  remédier  aux  désordres,  abus 
Cl  Brigandages  qui  durent  depuis  Long-temps,  causée  par  le  trop  grande 
liberté  dont  jouisse  les  Eclavcs  rouges  cl  noirs,  quj  les  Empeclient  de 
Vanquerf?]  aux  differcns  ou\Tagcs  aux  quels  leurs  maîtres  les  Em- 
ploycnt  qui  causent  la  perte  totale  de  rcttc  colonie,  nous  En  conscqucnrc 
des  susdittcs  plaint»!  et  pour  maintenir  te  bon  ordre  dans  toute 
L  Etendue  de  ce  pais  il  nous  a  Plut  ordonner  et  ordonnons  oe  qui  suit 
sçavoir. 

I.  Deffendons  et  faisons  très  Expresse  inhibition  a  toute  Personnes 
de  quelque  qualitt?  quelles  puissent  ôtre  de  wndre  ou  faire  donner  ou 
traitter  aucune  Liqueurs  eny^Tanl  sous  quelque  prétexte  que  se  soit  et 
En  quelque  petite  où  grande  quantité  que  se  puisse  être,  aux  Eselai-cs 
rouges  et  noîrs  sous  peine  de  vingt  Piastres  Demande  pour  la  premier 
fois  et  du  double  s'il  redde  dont  le  Dénonciateur  en  reccvera  la  moitié. 

a.  Deffendons  a  toutes  personnes  de  cette  rive  de  pretter  où  LoUir 
Gratuitement  a  aucun  Esclaves  rouges  oïl  noirs  leurs  maison  où  Bâti- 
ments même  leurs  cuurs  pour  y  danser  après  le  soleil  couché  où  la  nuit 

[Translation.] 
several  inhabitants  of  this  bank  through  their  petitions,  prcsf^ted  tous 
the  twenty-second  of  the  current  month,  in  which  they  Ix-g  us  to  remedy 
the  disorders,  abuses,  and  brigandage  of  so  long  duration,  that  has  been 
caused  by  the  tiw  great  Hlwrly  enjoyed  by  (he  red  and  black  slaves,  a 
lîlxîrty  that  prevents  them  from  accomplishing  the  different  pieces  of 
work  in  which  their  masters  employ  them,  and  is  thus  causing  the 
total  loss  of  this  colony:  in  consequence  of  the  aforesaid  cumplainis 
ami  in  order  to  maintain  gf>od  ortler  in  the  whole  extent  of  this  country, 
It  has  pleased  us  tn  onlatn  anil  wu  do  onlain  what  follow-s:  to  wtt, 

I.  We  forbid  and  |m)hjbit  very  expressly  all  jierstins  of  whatsoever 
quality  they  may  be  froni  selling  to,  causing  to  be  given  to,  or  trading 
with  the  red  and  black  slaves  any  inioxicatitig  liquors  under  any  pretext 
whatsoever  and  in  any  <|uaiuily,  lÎHle  or  bjg,  under  penally  of  twenty 
piastres  fine  for  the  first  offense  and  of  double,  if  it  is  repealed;  of 
which  fine  the  accuser  shall  receive  half. 

3.  We  forbid  all  [>ersons  living  on  this  bank  to  lend  or  rent  gratuit- 
ously to  any  red  or  black  slaves  their  house,  buildings,  and  courts,  after 
tuinsel  or  fur  the  night,  for  the  purpose  of  dancing,  feasting,  or  holding 


«6  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

l>our  y  festincr  où  y  faire  tics  assemblées  tioclumes  sous  peine  de  Quar- 
ante Piastres  demande  Pour  la  premiere  fuis  et  du  double  s'ii  récidive 
dont  le  denuncîateur  En  reccvera  la  moitié,  cependant  n'Entendons 
pas  Empêcher  Que  les  dits  Esclaves  rouges  où  noirs  prennent  leur  re- 
creation 1^5  dimanches  oil  fêtes  a  danser  moyennant  que  se  soit  te  jour 
seulement  et  que  les  dits  Esclaves  soyent  Pourvu  d'un  Parmi  |w]  signé 
de  leur  mailre  jiour  cet  Effet  pour  lors  toutes  Personnes  pourront  leurs 
Louer  où  pretter  leur  maison  Pour  y  danser  dans  le  jours  sans  aucune 
gene. 

3.  Deffendons  pour  prévenir  les  vols  et  laretns  des  Esclaves  rouges 
où  Noirs  a  tous  Esclaves  de  sortir  de  la  maison  où  cours  de  leurs  mailre 
apr^  la  retraitie  Battue  a  moins  quits  ne  soyent  pourvu  d'un  parmi 
tâgaé  de  leur  dit  maître  qui  ne  leur  sera  accordé  que  dans  3c  Cas  de 
ncœsstté  qui  ne  pourra  leur  scr\'ir  que  pour  une  fois,  ceux  qui  En  sorti- 
ront sans  &trc  muni  dudit  parmi»  apprît  la  reiraille  Battue  seront 
fustigé  au  dépens  de  leur  mailre  En  place  publique  de  trente  neuf  coups 
de  fouet,  Pareillement  celui  qui  ira  d'un  village  ÎL  l'autre  sans  ^trc  muni 
d'un  parmis  de  son  mailre  subira  le  même  châtiment  et  s'il  récidive  il 
sera  doublement  Puni  cl  toujours  au  depends  de  son  maître. 

[Tratislalion] 
nocturnal  asscmhtîeg  therein,  under  penally  of  forty  piastres  fine  for  the 
first  ofTence  and  of  double,  if  it  is  rcpcatcti;  of  which  fine  the  accuser 
shall  receive  half.  We  do  not  intend,  however,  to  prevent  the  said 
red  or  black  sta%'es  from  talcing  their  recreation  in  dancing  on  Sundaj-s 
and  feast  days;  provided  it  is  during  Che  day  time,  and  the  said  slaves 
are  furnished  with  a  permit  signed  by  their  masters  to  the  effect  that  all 
persons  can  rent  or  lend  them  iheir  houses  for  the  purpose  of  dancing 
without  restraint  during  the  day. 

3.  In  order  to  prevent  thefts  and  robberies  by  red  and  black  staves, 
we  forbid  them  to  go  out  of  the  house  or  court  of  their  masters  after 
tattoo  is  beaten  unless  they  are  provided  with  a  permit  signed  by  their 
said  master,  and  this  shall  be  granted  them  only  in  ca.se  of  necessity 
and  can  be  used  only  once.  Those  who  shall  go  out  after  tattoo  is 
beaten,  without  being  furnished  with  ihe  said  permit,  shall  in  a  public 
place  be  given  thirty-nine  strokes  of  the  whip  at  the  expense  of  their 
masters.  Likewise  he  who  shall  go  from  one  village  to  anolher  without 
being  furnished  with  a  permit  from  his  master  shall  .suiter  the  same 


PROCLAMATION  BY  CLARK.  DECEMBER  a^,  1778        67 

4.  Enlia  deffendons  a  toutes  personnes  d'achepter  où  Echanger  avec 
les  dits  Esclaves  rouges  où  noirs  aucunes  denrées  cochons  ou  bois  ni 
autre  que  se  puisse  être  sans  que  les  dits  Esclaves  ue  soycnt  munis  d'un 
parmis  de  leurs  maitre  pour  vendre  où  Echanger  les  dîltes  dcnrtîes  et 
ce  sous  peines  d'une  amende  arbitraire  par  les  contreveneurs  a  notre 
présente  pioclamation. 

5.  Enjoignons  a  tous  capitaines  officiers  de  milices  et  autres  Partic- 
uliers de  tenir  la  main  a  L'Execution  de  la  présente  Proclamation  cl  a 
tous  Blancs  d'arrêter  les  Esclax'es  rouges  où  noirs  qu'ils  remontreront 
dans  les  rues  de  chaque  village  de  cette  rive  après  la  retraitte  Battue 
où  huit  heurs,  Partillement  les  Esclaves  qui  se  trouveront  dans  des 
cabanaes  d'autres  Esclaves  que  celles  de  son  maitre  après  la  ratraitte 
battue  où  huit  heures  du  soir  seront  aussi  arrêté  et  fustigé  de  trente 
neuï  coups  de  fouet  En  place  publique  el  au  depends  de  son  maitre  et 
celui  qui  arrêtera  un  ou  Pluseurs  Esclaves  aprb  la  retraitte  Battue  où 
huit  heures  du  soir  soit  dans  la  rue  où  dans  une  cabanne  qui  ne  sera  pas 
la  demeure  de  l'Esclave,  recevcra  que  [sic]  Piastre  sur  le  charge  du 

[Tramfation.] 
chastisement;  and  if  it  is  repeated,  he  shall  \k  punished  with  twice  the 
numlwr  of  strokes,  always  at  the  expense  of  his  master. 

4.  Finally  we  forbid  all  persons  to  buy  from,  or  exchange  with,  the 
said  red  or  black  slaves  any  goixls,  cu'mmodities,  pigs,  wood,  or  other 
things  whatsoever,  unless  the  said  slaves  are  fiomished  with  a  permit 
from  Ihcir  masters  to  sell  or  exchange  the  said  commodities;  and  this 
under  penalty  of  an  arbitrary  tine  payable  by  the  transgressors  of  this 
our  present  pr<AJamation. 

5.  We  enjoin  all  captains,  officers  of  the  militia,  and  other  individuals 
to  enforce  the  execution  of  (lie  present  proclamation,  and  all  while  men 
to  arrest  the  red  or  black  slaves  whom  they  shall  meet  in  the  streets  of 
each  village  of  this  bank  after  talloo  is  beaten  or  eight  o'clock  in  the 
evening;  and  likovviac  the  slaves  who  shall  be  found  after  the  beating 
of  tattoo  or  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening  in  the  cabins  of  other  slaves 
than  those  of  their  master  shall  be  also  arrested  and,  in  a  public  place, 
beaten  with  thirly-ninc  strokes  of  the  whip  at  the  cxjicnse  of  ihcir 
masters;  and  he  who  shall  arrest  one  or  several  slaves,  after  the  beating 
of  tattoo  or  eight  o'clock  in  (he  evening,  cither  in  the  street  or  in  a  cabin 
which  is  not  the  dwelling  place  of  the  slave,  shall  receive  [ï«e?]  piastre) 


68 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


maître  au  quel  apparticcdra  L'esclave  qui  aura  6ié  arrêté  par  chaque 
lëtc. 

6.  Sera  notre  présente  procliunation  afTtrhOc  a  ta  porte  de  chaque 
Eglise  des  village  de  celle  rive  pour  que  personnes  n'en  puisse  ignorer. 

Donnu!  au  fort  Clark  sous  le  sceau  de  nos  armes  et  le  seing  de  notre 
secretaire  le  24"*  X*^  1778. 

Par  Monseigneur  signé  G  R  CuuiK 

Signé  Jean  Girault  Cahbonneaux,  Greffier 

[Translation.] 
for  each  slave  who  shall  be  arrested,  al  the  charge  of  the  master  to  whom 
the  slave  shall  belong. 

6.  Our  present  proclamaiion  shall  be  posted  on  the  door  of  each 
church  of  the  villages  of  this  bank  so  that  no  person  can  be  ignorant 
t hereof - 

Gi\Tn  al  Fort  Clark  under  the  seal  of  our  coat  of  arms  and  the  âg- 
nalurc  of  our  secretary,  December  34,  1778, 

by  Monseigneur  (signed)  G.  R.  Clabk. 

(Signed)  Jean  Gihault.  Cakhomnbaux,  Clak. 


Petition  or  widow  of  antuine  Cottinault,  February  18,  1779. 
[K.  MSS.— A.  D.S.J 
A  Messieurs  Les  Capitaines  et  oSicers  de  Milices  Commandants 
La  ville  des  XasKaslvias  au  Pais  des  Illinois  Par  ordre  de  Monsieur 
George  Rogers  Clark  Kcuycr  Colonel  Commandant  Les  forces  des 
Etats  unis  de  L'Amérique  &c  &c  &c 
Messieurs: 

Kaymund    Labrirre    agissant  et  faisant  au  nom  de  Dame  Veuve 

[Translalion.] 

To  the  Captains  and  Officers  of  the  Militia,"  commanding  the  village 
of  Kaskaskia  in  the  country  of  the  Illinois  by  order  of  M.  George  Rogers 
Clark,  Colonel  Commanding  the  forces  of  the  United  States  of  America 
etc.  etc.  etc. 
Gentleuen  : 

Raymond  Labrierc,  representing  and  acting  in  the  name  of  the 

'This  pctttioo  i>iiil«tminB,bro»<e  it  oflcn  towr  proof,  not  (luuluuvc,  l)ul  Clu-k  dlil  nol 
tnctiln  i7}8,*caun»i  Kjakuku,  Uroilar  lo  Itutt  ki  Calukâ.  Sn  10.  Hi».  OUMimi,  U.,  pp. 
zin.,  aad  4. 


A    I'KTITIO.V,    FEBRUARY    18,    1779 


60 


actoùie  Cotinault  sa  Belle  mere,  habitante  dcmcura4itc  a  la  Prairiv 
Durocher  a  L'boaneur  dc  vous  expuser  disaot  Que  le  sicur  Lionnais 
fabant  fonction  de  scribe  chez  le  sieur  Barbeau  Capitaioe  de  Milice  Et 
Commandant  L«dit  Lieu  dc  la  Prairie  du  Rixhcr  &c,  Est  venu  lix>u*'ér 
Le  malin  que  mon  Beaupcre  Etnit  sur  les  planches,  La  ditte  veuve  chez 
elle,  lui  disant  qu'il  Etoit  nécessaire  que  b  ditte  vem'e  présenta  requétca 
Mr.  Le  Colonel  [MS.  tern]  dark  Ecuyer  Commandant  &c  \MS.  lorn] 
lui  faire  sçavoir  le  mort  de  son  feu  mary  Et  Pour  faire  Elire  un  tuteur  a 
ses  Enfanâ  mineurs  a  quoi  La  ditte  Dame  lui  répondît  ingenuement 
Qu'elle  n'Enlendnit  rien  aux  affaires,  mais  Qu'elle  ne  vouloit  pas  faire 
faire  de  requête  Pour  celte  Effet  et  qu'il  importoit  peu  à  Monsieur  Le 
Colonel  dêtre  instruit  de  la  mort  de  son  dit  mary  Cela  n'a  pas  Empêché 
que  le  dit  sieur  Lionnais  En  a  faite  une,  et  ne  pouvant  la  dilte  veuve 
Pénétrer  les  raisons  qui  ont  Engagé  ledit  sieur  Lionnais  a  faire  une 
chose  dont  elle  ne  l'avoit  pas  prié  et  En  son  nom  il  ne  peut  y  avoir  que 
des  motifs  D'interests  qu'il  y  ait  Engagé  soit  pour  lui  où  Pour  quelques 
autres.  Le  Lendemain  au  matin  Ledit  S'  Lionnaîs  Entra  chez  la 
[MS.  torn]  Portant  la  requête  qu'il  \^fS.  t^n]  présenta  pour  la  signer  ce 

[Transialion.] 
widow  of  Antoine  Cottinaull,  his  mother-in-law,  a  resident  citizen  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  has  the  honor  to  inform  you  that  M.  Lionnals  anting 
in  the  capacity  of  scribe  at  the  house  of  M.  Barbau,  cajitain  of  militia 
and  commanding  the  said  place  of  Prairie  du  Rocher  etc.,  came,  the 
morning  that  my  father-in-law  had  passed  away,  to  seek  the  aforesaid 
widow  in  her  own  house,  and  said  lo  her  that  it  was  necessary  that  she 
shuuld  present  a  petition  to  Colonel  [George  Rogers]  Clark  Ksquirc 
Commandant  etc.,  to  inform  him  of  the  death  of  her  late  husband,  and 
tu  have  a  guardian  chosen  for  the  minor  children,  to  which  the  said  lady 
replied  to  him  frankly  that  she  understood  notliing  about  business, 
that  she  did  not  wish  to  have  made  a  petition  to  that  effect,  and  (hat  it 
little  concerned  the  colonel  to  be  informed  of  the  death  of  her  said  hus- 
t>and.  That  did  not  prevent  the  said  M.  Lionnais  from  making  a 
petition;  and  the  aforesaid  widow,  not  being  able  to  understand  the 
reasons  that  iinjielled  the  afore-menlioned  Lionnais  to  do  something 
that  she  had  not  asked  him  to  do  and  in  her  name,  [thought  tliat]  there 
could  only  be  interested  motives  that  enlisted  him  .in  it,  whether  it  be 
for  himself  or  for  others.    On  the  morning  of  the  following  day,  the 


yo  aUNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

qu'clk  [MS. lam]  faire,  cela  n'a  pas  Empêché  que  cette  mfimc  requMe, 
sans  Ctre  signée  de  ta  diite  veuve,  n'ait  été  présentée  Eu  son  nom  a 
Mr.  Le  Colonel  Qui  y  mil  son  apointé,  par  lequel  il  permeUoil  à  laditle 
veuve  de  faire  Klire  un  subrogé  tuteur  a  ses  mineurs  et  de  faire  pro- 
céder a  Linvcnlairc,  Croyant  dans  le  moment  qu'il  £n  Etoit  requis  Par 
la  ditte  veuve  ne  pensant  pas  que  l'on  surprenoit  sa  justice,  Equité  et 
m£mc  sa  religion  que  l'on  agissoit  que  pour  des  vuësd'interests.  Le  dît 
suppliant  vous  fait  remarquer  messieurs  que  le  dit  sieur  Barbeau  En 
sa  qualité  de  Juge  de  la  prairie  du  Rocher  [P]cut  forcer  la  ditte  [AfS. 
lûrn]  Elire  un  tuteur  a  ses  Enfans  \MS.  /w»j  Dîtte  \'euvc  ne  peut  saine- 
ment procéder  a  aucun  arrangement  d'ici  a  un  Longtem^  Premicretnent 
La  Crainte  et  la  timidité  ou  Est  La  Colonie  En  général  par  rapporte 
aux  sauvages  qui  pourroit  arriver  dans  Quelque  Endroit  de  cette  même 
Colonie  qui  y  rasscsoit  les  Bêles  a  Cornes  qui  Est  la  raison  Pourquoy 
le  suppliant  ne  «xut  pas  ramasser  celles  qui  appartiennent  a  sa  ditte 
BcUe-merc. 

[Transltition.] 

aforesaid  Lîounais  entered  [the  bouse  of  the  said  widowf,  carrying 
the  petition  which  he  had  made  and  presented  it  to  her  for  her  signature, 
to  which  she  [^v-ould  not  consent].  That  did  not  pnn-ent  this  same 
petition,  without  the  signature  of  the  aforesaid  widow,  from  being 
presented  in  Ikt  name  to  Colonel  Clark,  who  put  thereon  bis  approval  '■ 
by  which  he  pcrmilled  the  aforesaid  widow  to  have  a  surrogate  guardian 
chosen  for  her  minor  children  and  to  proceed  with  the  inventory,  be- 
cause he  believed  at  ihc  moment  (hat  the  petition  was  made  by  the 
aforesaid  widow,  and  he  rlEc!  not  think  that  anyone  was  abusing  his 
justice,  equity,  and  even  his  religion,  or  prosecuting  the  affair  only  for 
his  own  interest.  The  herein  aforementioned  suppliant  brings  to  your 
attention,  gentlemen,  that  the  aforementioned  Barbau,  in  capacity  of 
judge  of  the  Prairie  du  Rocher,  can  force  ihe  said  [widow  to  have] 
elected  a  guardian  for  her  minor  children  [and  that]  the  said  widow 
can  not  safely  go  forward  wîîh  any  arrangement  fur  some  time  to  come  : 
Firstly,  ihc  dread  and  fear  of  the  colony  in  general  on  account  of  the 
savages  who  may  come  into  any  part  of  this  some  colony  and  kill  the 
cattle,  is  the  reason  that  Ihe  suppliant  does  not  wish  to  assemble  the 
cattle  that  belong  to  his  aforementioned  moiher-in-law. 

'The  jduAM  oitaau  lliat  Itc  atlcrod  Ibc  iicUUua  to  Ibe  dutkelonilKinitUedactiDalwbclMkcii. 


A  PETITION,  FEBRUARY  i8,  17^ 


7* 


Secondement  Le  dît  sîcur  Coltinault  Beau  Pcre  du  dit  suppliant 
ayant  Créé  beaucoup  [if  S.  larn]  il  n'a  pas  Laissé  d'argent  /ait  [MS.  torn] 
lea  acquitter  [  ?]  et  ne  pouvant  le  faire  Qu  En  vendent  quelcju 'Effet  comme 
boissons  et  autres  choses  semblables 

troîsièmcnt  une  Quantiid  de  Cuire  qui  sont  dans  le  teras  sils  Eloîent 
remués  qui  De^-iendroient  En  pure  perte  pour  les  Créanciers  et  pour  les 
mineurs  s'ils  venoient  a  être  derange  C'est  pour  ce  Considères  Messieurs 
qu'ils  vous  l'iaisent  ordonner  et  permettre  audit  suppliant  De  faire 
travailler  a  la  tanerie  de  feu  son  Beaupere  pour  pouvoir  satisfaire  ses 
Deptes,  lui  accorder  un  lemt)s  suffisamment  Long  Et  que  la  Colonie 
soye  tranquille  Pour  que  sa  dilte  Belle  Mere  puisse  prendre  [les]  arrange- 
mens  avec  ses  heriteurs  et  que  [MS.  torn]  sera  nomm<ï  pour  tuteur  a  ses 
{mineurs]  qu'elle  mfme  La  direction  des  Biens  et  Corps  lui  appartenants 
de  Droits  de  Défendre  audit  Sr.  Barbau  de  ne  La  troubler  En  aucune 
façon  dans  la  paisible  possession  de  ses  Biens  Jusqu'à  ce  que  Mr.  le 
Colonel  soit  de  retour  de  sa  Compagne  se  re3crv|ant|  le  suppliant  de  lui 
faire  Connoitrc  ses  Droits,  de  lui  |}cxmcLtn:  En  outre  de  rasmasscr  Lt9 

[  Translation.] 

Secomlly,  the  aforesaid  Coltinault,  faiher-in-law  of  the  said  suppliant, 
contracted  many  [debts  for  wbich  he]  hiis  left  no  money;  and  it  is 
imiK^itsible  to  jiay  them  except  by  selling  some  goods  such  as  beverages 
and  other  similar  things. 

Thinlly,  there  is  a  quantity  of  hides  which  are  in  such  a  condition 
[rhalj  if  they  should  be  mo\"ed  and  disturbed  they  would  Iwcome  a  com- 
plete loss  to  the  creditors  and  the  minor  heirs.  For  these  considera- 
tions, gentlemen,  [the  suppliant  pelitionsj  that  it  may  please  you  to  order 
and  permit  him  lo  start  up  the  tannery  of  hts  late  father-in-law,  in 
order  to  .satisfy  his  debts,  and  (o  allow  him  a  suf&ciendy  lonç  time  ;  and 
|he  bopesl  that  the  colony  may  be  quiet  so  that  the  aforementioned 
mother-in-law  may  be  able  lo  make  a  settlement  with  the  heirs;  and  [he 
petitions]  that  the  aforesaid  widow  be  named  as  the  guardian  of  her 
children,  that  she  likewise  be  given  the  direction  of  the  goods  and 
chattels,  belonging  to  her  by  right;  [and  that  you)  prohibit  the  said 
Barbau  from  troubling  her,  in  any  way,  in  the  peaceable  possession  of 
her  goods;  until  such  a  time  as  M.  the  Colonel  may  return  from  bis 
campaign,  the  suppliant  reserving  for  himself  the  right  to  make  known 
to  him  his  claims;  also  that  you  permit  him  to  assemble  the  debts  of  his 


72 


nXÎNOlS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


deptcs  de  feu  son  Bcaupere  pour  payer  la  où  il  Est  du  Ce  faisant  le 
supplient  ne  cessera  de  faire  les  voeux  les  plus  ardens  pour  votre  santé 
cl  prospérité  lequel  a  Déclaré  ne  scavoir  agné  a  fail  sa  marque  ordinaire 
KasKasKias  le  iS™"  lévrier  1779. 

Raimunu  X  L  [MS.  tifm] 
Marque. 

Nous  Capitaines  el  officiers  de  Milices  Commandants  La  ville  des 
KasKasKias  et  ses  dépendances  au  pais  des  Illinois  En  wrtu  des 
pouvoirs  qui  nous  a  été  donné  par  Monsieur  George  Rogers  Clark 
Ecuyer  Colonel  &c  Vus  par  nous  dits  soussigni^s  1.  Exposé  En  la 
présente  requête  cy  dessus  et  des  autres  Parts  nous  permettons  a  la 
veuve  de  feu  antoïnc  Cottinault  de  Jouir  et  faire  travailler  ses  Biens  de 
quelque  nature  qu'ils  puissent  être  sans  que  qui  que  [ce]  soit  puisse  La 
troubler  dans  sa  paisible  possession  Jusqu'à  Larrivéc  de  Monsieur  le 
Colonel  où  de  quciqu'autres  commandant  la  sçituation  de  la  Colonie 
Présente  ne  penncttant  pas  qu'elle  fasse  inventaire  actuellement,    vu 

[Translaiùm.] 

late  father-in-law  in  order  to  pay  there  where  ît  is  duc.  This  being 
done,  the  suppliant  will  never  cease  to  make  the  most  ardent  prayers 
for  your  health  and  prosperity.  The  same  has  declared  that  he  docs 
not  know  how  to  sign  and  has  made  bis  customary  mark. 

Kaskaskia  Febuary  iS,  1779. 

Ravuund  X  Labkilke 

mark 


We,  the  captains  and  ofRcers  of  militia,  commanding  the  village  of 
Kaskaskia  and  its  dependencies  in  the  country  of  the  Illinois,  by  virtue 
of  the  powers  that  have  been  given  us  by  M.  George  Rogers  Clark,  Colo- 
nel, etc.  :  we,  the  undersigned,  having  examined  the  representation  of  the 
present  petition,  written  above  and  on  the  other  page,  permit  the  widow 
of  the  late  Antoine  Cottinault  to  enjoy,  and  make  use  of,  her  goods 
whatsoever  they  may  be  without  the  interference  of  anyone,  whoewr  he 
may  be,  in  the  possession  thereof  until  the  arrival  of  the  colonel  or  of  any 
other  persons  in  charge  of  the  present  colony.  We  do  not  permit  her 
to  make  an  inventory  at  present,  inasmuch  as  some  debts,  active  and 


BOWMAN  TO  LERNOULT,  MARCH  20.  1779  73 

I  d^es  actives  ct  passives  de  sa  cotnmunaut^^  ne  [.1/5.  lùrn]  Sont 

GORntWS. 

KasKasKîos  le  i8«""  février  1778  [si^ 

[Otu  name  torn  out] 

CHAKLES  DANIS  RiCH.  WiNSTOM 

CHARLES  DE  Leijsij:  Chaubonnkaitx 

faisant  [tour  Mr.  Plasy  Greffier 

[MS.  lorn]  Expedition 
(Lï)\'r6c  a  Mr.  Labrierc 
[Endorsed:]   Requête  du  s'  Lahricre  contre  le  sieur  Barbau  du  lâ*"* 
février. 

[Ttdnslaliin.] 
passive,  of  ibe  community  formed  with  her  late  husband  are  not  yet 
known. 

Kaskaskia  Fcbuary  18,  1779 

Chaslevîlle 

Rich.  WmsTow. 
C^ARL£s  Davis 

Charles  dr  Lisle  Carbonneaux 

acting  for  M.  Plasv  Clerk. 

Engrossed  copy  delivxred  to  M.  Labriere 
[Endorsed:]    Petition  of  M.  Labriere  agaiosl  M.  Barbau 

Joseph  Bowman  to  Richard  Lernoult,'  March  ao,  1779. 

[B.  M.,  3ij8a.  f.  I9S-  — Copy.] 

Fort  P.  Henry  S*  Vincent,  March  3o*\  1779. 
Sir: 

In  justice  to  my  Couotryman  M'  Tho*  Bentley  '  who  has  been  de- 
tain'd  in  Canada  almost  two  years  as  prisoner  (to  the  ruin  of  his  bua- 
ness  and  destruction  of  hisfamilly)  I  hope  you  will  therefore  consider  the 
leuity  shewn  to  the  Prisoners  that  fell  into  the  hands  of  Colonel  George 
Rogcra  Clark  at  this  Post'  who  upon  application  obtained   permission 

■  Richard  Bjurinip*  Lemoult  wit  toinnuDiUnl  oT  troi>ui  it  Dirtioit.  Afia  TUmilion'»  oplurr, 
I^noull  vai  in  duric  until  «Krvnl  by  Dt  Pc3nl<r.    Wii.  ftiiS.  C^Uttlieni,  ivliii.  j^;,  a,  «i. 

•ForBmlJfy'»iinpri'»"iiritnt.  *f  a«J«,  (I  i».  The  intwo.!  wl  CI.»rk'»olliccn  in  h^ntlcy.  rfrajrd 
k  Ihit  ud  ill»  «uctevdhiB  letter,  iiipport  tne  ltic«rv.  idranotd  in  cbe  iatroductioci,  thai  there  tud  been 
|M>1cHU  CDmnuauatioit  bctwccD  Lim  aod  Cluk. 

■  Quk  dkmbinl  on  pBfde  ■!!  i)m  «oUlfn  odA  most  of  ibr  aCBctn,  capcurtd  Rt  VbccniM>.    la  Mi 

teller  to  Mitoa.  hcvrlln:  "Sirpini  thcnrcnallr  ol  «drlnc  clil  ol  nuriy  cri  tbe  priHOen.  n-iit  bcimi  «Mr 
Ijiojnt  dtem,  nMdoulitinK  but  mv  ewkI  inutmmi  to  the  voIinMen  and  itthaUlUUi  Dl  DeUolt  would 
pnKnoM  D>y  ^MnM*  ihm.  I  <IiM'h,ii|inl  ilir  cmini  |nr(  of  itmn  thai  had  not  Iwcn  »ilb  Indûn  ymt' 
tiB,  onltiefr  uiiint  ruttiDl  nnimliiy.'*    Encliih.  Cm^unt  rf  Uu  NfiHvttt.  !..  444. 


74 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


from  tlic  Ctilunel  lo  return  lo  their  famillys  at  Detroit,  and  that  you  will 
alsti  apply  lo  (tic  C'ummaiid''  in  Chcife  in  Canada  lo  obtain  the  permis- 
sion of  the  said  Tho*  Bentley,  in  order  that  he  may  once  more  retitm  to 
his  famllly  which  suiïcr  much  by  his  absence. 
I  am,  Sir, 
¥*  must  humble  Servant 

Jo*  BowuAN,  Major  in  Coll.  Dark's  Battalion. 
[Addressed:]  on  public  Service. 

Cap*.  B.  B.  Lcmoutt  E&q^  Command''  at  Detroit. 


Sir: 


Jean  Girault  lo  Richard  Leenoult,  March  ar,  1779. 

pi.  M.,  31783,  f.  ig6.  —  Copy.] 

FoET  P.  Henry,  Su  Vincent,  21"  Marcli,t779. 


Gratitude  obligCR  me  to  addrcs-s  you  these  lines  to  represent  lo  you  the 
case  of  une  of  my  benefactors  Thomas  Bentley  Esq**  who  has  been  de- 
tained either  in  Canada,  or  on  the  way,  these  two  years  almost  and  (hat 
on  mere  suspicion  —  hoping  that  tn  consideration  of  Colonel  Clark's 
humane  treatment  to  those  he  took  here  who  we  found  in  Arms  against 
us,  noiwithstand'  which  the  Colonel  sent  them  to  their  respective 
homes  lo  join  their  famillys  without  detaining  them  one  moment  —  you 
will  if  in  your  power  procure  (he  said  Tho*  Bentley  Esq'  liberty  to  return 
to  his  Familly.  It  is  impossible  to  express  the  losses  he  has  sustoln'd  by 
this  absence,  having  no  one  lo  look  to  his  inlcrtst.  I  shall  not  be  tedious 
as  you  are  a  sufficient.  Judge  of  his  suUerings.  I  rest  assured  that  your 
generosity  and  humanity  will  not  allow  you  to  look  over  this,  but  in  com- 
pensation to  Coll.  Clark's  kind  treatment  (u  so  many  of  your  People  you 
will  certainly  obtiin  M'  Beiilky's  liberty  as  soon  as  you  possibly  can  and 
send  him  to  his  distressed  Fatnilly  and  confused  affairs  by  absence.  This 
will  ever  be  acknowledged  as  a  most  particular  favor  granted  (o 
Sir, 

Your  very  obed*    &  Hum*  Serv'. 

John  Girault,  Lieu'  In  C.  Claries  Batalion. 
[Addressed:]  on  public  Service. 

Capf*  Lcmoult  Comm'dt   Detroit. 


TODD  TO  CLARK,  MARCH  24,  1779 


7S 


John  Todd'  to  Ceosge  Rogers  Clark,  March  24,  1779. 
IDrapcr  MSS.,  49  J  33  — A.  L.  S.] 

Harrodsbuso,  27^  March,  1779. 
Dear  Colonel, 

Mr.  Bowman  the  Express  sent  herewith  will  înrorm  you  of  nur  Situa- 
tion at  Kentucky  whom  you  know  well  enough  to  confide  in.  1  arrived 
here  the  aand  Ins*.  I  left  Col.  Montgomery'  at  Fort  Chiswcll  very 
unwell  three  weeks  ago  in  Expectation  of  setting  off  to  the  assîsUinec  of 
Illinois  within  2  or  3  Weeks.  His  Rout  is  to  be,  as  proposed  ;  of  which 
you  are  acquainted.  Wc  are  Informed  by  one  Searsy,  who  was  with 
Hamilton  on  taking  Post  Vincent,  all  the  Particulars  uf  its  loss,  of 
which  I  expect  you  also  have  haf\  Information.  If  (he  Remainder  of 
your  Corps  shall  arrive  in  time  I  hope  M**  Hamilton  will  have  cause  to 
repent  this  step  of  his. 

You  have  frequently  expressed  a  Desire  that  the  Falls  should  be  gar- 
risoned. I  am  using  my  Intcr<;5l  [or  th.!!  purimsc  in  procuring  Corn  from 
Boonsborough  &  hope  you'll  conlrivc  to  spare  some  uf  your  C'annon 
which  Capt  W.  Harrod  '  will  atiitrive  up.  The  State  has  apiwintcd  an 
Indian-Trade  Agent  who  will  I  hope  be  able  tu  furnish  the  Indians 
Goods  on  low  Terms  &.  yet,  not  in  such  Quantities,  as  to  injure  the 
Trade  of  Individuals. 

I  expect  to  delay  some  Weeks  in  this  part  of  the  Country  untill  Col. 
Montgomery  shall  have  time  to  be  on  the  Ohio.  The  Assembly  has 
passed  do  Laws  of  the  first  Moment.  No  Land  Ofiice  opened  nor 
shortly  to  be  opened  I  think.     The  Révisai  of  the  Laws  not  prepared. 

The  News  is  That  Gen'  Campbell  is  in  Possession  of  that  part  of 
Georgia  which  lies  Southwest  of  Savanah  &  Gen'  Lincoln  on  the  N. 
East  side  with  a  considérable  array  whose  lines  &  Intercepting  Posts 
extend  about  70  Miles  up  the  River.  The  lîncmy  are  about  50QO  strong. 
Gen'  Washington  with  an  army  which  Time  has  made  disciplined  & 
great  care  has  fed  well  &  cloathed  was  in  Winter  Quarters  at  Bond 
Brook  in  the  Jerseys  watching  a  disabled  Enemy  in  New  York.     That 

■  Jolut  TaddKuamKiinlMt  on  Demnbcr  k,  it)9>')'UU!D«ol  of  lh«ne«lf  lutmal  Counlr  of  Hli. 
oca.    S—  Iti.  Ilia.  CaîtHlùtni.  ii.,  iip.  IIIL.  it.  itf. 

*  Per  Jatu  Mousonicrv't  c*net  In  Jlllnda,  eoniull  Iwlcx  o(  lu.  tltil.  C^iUaatam.  il.,  uti  feit. 
Index. 

•WnikralbmidimaPMUMTltuWn.  Hciawxrviot  oadn- Gmeril  Forbnb  tijSuidundcf 
Lord  Duomorcln  11)4  In  iTTSiBcrocniitRl  >  campkny  lot  the  lllinnl*  ripHliico  and  jobnl  Claik 
u  the  Fr1I«  (^  (be  Ohio,  Up  brcntihi  *  cfini[oqy  in  itto  <o  pirtidpaU  in  Cofmd  John  ll«fwnui>'t 
rirnrrliiinn  Aipiiint  the  Ohio  Inilûn*.  llcdlBl  oa  lAoi.  Ailapttd  truni  Thvuiia^nd  Kdlofit.  Mn^ 
•W*"!  \¥or,  M-  Q  If. 


J6 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


13  new  ConuDissioners  have  arrived  from  Britain  with  new  proposals  of 
Peace  (which  was  not  Sufficiently  confirmed).  Cot.  Bowman  '  ivili 
probably  write  to  you.  He  offers  bis  assistance  towards  the  Relid 
of  our  new  County  whenever  necessity  shall  require. 

The  Express  is  to  reluni  as  soon  as  possible  &  will  1  expect  meet  me 
with  your  Letters  &c. 

ajlh  March.  Since  writing  the  above  I  doubt  much  if  it  ts  in  your 
power  to  furnish  amunilioo  with  the  Desired  Pieces  if  you  cannot  1 
would  not  put  you  to  any  present  Inconvenience  but  to  give  your  ScDti- 
ments  on  the  Head. 

1  expect  you'll  be  too  full  of  other  Business  to  give  me  much  Assist- 
ance in  procuring  many  Articles  towards  Housekeeping  which  I  shall 
want.  But  if  Opportunity  offers  I  sb''  be  glad  you'd  purchase  for  me  & 
1  would  pay  you  again  upon  Sight.  Inclosed  is  a  letter  [from]  Capt 
Worthington  upon  the  same  Subject. 

The  Emissions  of  Continental  Currency  of  the  aoth  of  April  1777  & 
nth  April  177S  are  ordered  to  be  paid  into  the  Continental  Loan  Offices 
by  the  first  of  June  next  or  they  shall  Sink  in  the  Owners  Hands  —  1 
expect  a  Longer  time  will  be  allowed  to  the  Itinois  Inhabitants  on  ac- 
count of  their  Distance  S:lc.  though  as  yet  they  haw  no  such  provision.' 
I  hope  you'll  guard  against  Counterfeits,  with  which  if  common  fame  Is 
true  you  have  been  or  will  be  tried. 

If  M'  Trigg'  is  with  you  please  to  present  him  with  my  Respects. 
He  has  Credentials  from  below  for  purchasing  Goods  at  Orleans  which 
Maj*  Knox  has  at  S*  Asaph. 

I  wish  you  Success  in  your  Department  &  hope  you'll  interfere  in  the 
Business  allotted  tu  mc  to  the  Advantage  &  Happiness  of  Ilinoïs  dur- 
ing my  absence.    I  am  my  D*"  Col.  your  friend  &  bumble  Ser^'ant 

Jm**  Todd  y. 


John  Bradley  to  TnoHAS  Bentley,  May  5,  1779. 

[B.  M..  3i»45,  f.  ao.— A,  L.  S,] 

Dear  Bentley, 

I  doubt  not  but  I  have  at  length  got  hold  of  a  thread  which  will  Imme- 

dially  lead  in  your  enlargment. 


■  Colonel  John  Bowtran. 
*S«/D.  fIiirCfllaJiotn,a.,p.lisl 

IStPpbm  "Tiigg  vu  fl  aomincnl  nuiii  ■>(  flncsltleCouillv.and  wiud(Jr«)ilclO  llnlnU 
17I4.    I'hfralla  und  Kwott<  Omm^rt'i  ll'jr.  44.  d.  79,    Fen  bii  connrcLion  with  Oir):  in  m  Luii< 
■1,  KC  pan,  p.  jn. 


IJv 


SALE  OF  LAND  BY  GIBAULT,  MAY  7,  1779  77 

M'  Livius,  the  Chief  Justirc  uf  Canada,  will  [cave  England  for  (hence 
soon  after  this  and  by  whum  you  will  rvccivc  Ictiers  of  inlroduction  ;  he 
is  perfectly  aenuiunlitl  with  every  stagtMif  villainy  y<iu  have  met  with  and 
has  represented  ihcm  in  pr»>(jcr  colours  to  the  Board  i)f  Trade.  On  his 
arrival  al  Quebec  I  U^gy(»u  will  make  immediate  application  to  him  and 
you  will  receive  instructions  to  jirucccd  for  your  release  which  when  ob- 
tained he  wilt  assist  in  drawing  tip  a  memorial  to  Ix:  presented  to  the 
Board  of  Trade  for  redress  from  yuur  Persecutors  and  which  you  will 
address,  with  a  letter,  lo  Orey  Kllioit  Ks<|',  Plantation  Office,  who  will 
conduct  the  business  for  you  and  assist  your  cause  with  proper  force. 

When  you  write  M""  Kllidl  !«  cautious  of  your  Expressions  as  your 
letter  and  memorial  will  Ijc  presented  to  Lonl  George.* 

I  will  be  more  i>articular  by  M**  Livius,  interim  I  nmiùn  very  sin- 
cerely 

Dear  Bentley 

Your  assured  friend 

JouN  Bhadlev. 
Lottdon. 

5"»  May,  1779. 

P.  S.    Your  sister  writes  &  therefore  I  reed   not  say  anything 
respecting  your  friends- 
Efidorstd:]     M'  Thomas  Bentley. 

Salk  op  I-and  bv  Fatker  On3Ain,T,  Tifay  7, 1779. 

[K.  MSS.,  Court  Rewrd.  t.  ija.] 
Je  soussigné  Prêtre  missionnaire  Vicaire  General  de  monseigneur 
L'Evêque  de  Québec  au.\  pais  des  Illinois  et  [^f.'i.  illegible]  procureur 
fiscal  de  M^  des  missions  Etrangères  de  la  S"  famille  des  Kahr>ltias 
Certifie  Avoir  Concédé  et  concede  une  terre  de  dix  aqwns  de  front  a 
Commencer  La  premiere  Borne  à  un  demi  arpent  plus  haut  que  les 

[TranstalioH.] 
I,  tbe  undersigned  priest,  vicar  general  of  Monseigneur  the  Bishop 
of  Quebec,  in  ihe  country  of  the  Illinois,  and  [word  illegible]  Procureur 
fiscal  of  the  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Holy  Family  of  Cahokia,  certify 
that  I  have  ceded  and  do  cede  a  plot  of  land  of  ten  arpenit  frontage, 
beginning  at  the  first  limit  half  an  arpent  alwve  the  source  uf  the  spring 

■  Lonl  Grtntf  G«nnaln.  Sccrtfior  of  Suta  lot  the  Colcnln. 


7»  ILLINOIS   HISTORIC.\L  COLLECTIONS 

source  de  la  fonlaint*  qui  sont  du  Rocher  nommé  ordinairrraent  le 
moulin  de  Mr.  L'abbé  et  En  descendant  Jusqu'à  La  Coulee  des  Saules 
en  desix-ndant  vers  le  Mississippi  le  reste  restant  en  commun,  et  en 
remontant  depuis  le  bord  Des  grandes  Cfltcs  Jusqu'à  vingt  et  un  arpent 
en  profoundcux  Pour  de  la  dittc  terre  Expliquée  cy  de&sus  En  Jouir 
En  toute  Propriété  cl  a  perpétuité  le  Sieur  Stephen  Trigg  ses  hoirs  et 
ayant  Cause  sans  trouble  ny  prejudice  a  Condition  cependant  que  ledit 
Sieur  Stephen  Trigg  ses  hoirs  ayant  cauac  payeront  les  droits  communs 
a  tous  les  autres  citoyens  tant  curiaux  que  civils,  ainsi  que  les  droits 
scigneurieux  tels  qu'ils  pourroîent  être  Etablis  cy  après  par  la 
republique  Donné  la  présente  pour  litre  de  Concession  signé  de  notre 
main  aux  Kahokias  ce  Vingt  et  un  avril  L'an  de  Grace  de  Jésus  crist 
mil  sept  cent  soixante  et  dix  neuf. 

signé  P.  GiBAULT  P'"  Mi»f=  v"  gl 

Je  CerliEic  avoir  transporté  a  Monsieur  Stephen  Trigg  une  maison 
scituée  au  Pieds  des  Cotes  des  Kaos  et  la  terre  qui  En  depends  suivant 
la  pretention  que  je  puis  avoir  qui  m'a  été  actordé  verbalement  Par 
Monsieur  le  Capitaine  Lord  cy  devant  Commandant  Pour  le  Roy  pour 

[Transtation.] 
which  issues  from  the  rock,  commonly  called  the  mill  of  M.  L'Abbé, 
and  descending  to  the  row  of  willows  towards  the  Mississippi,  the  re- 
mainder lying  in  the  commons  and  extending  back  from  the  line  of  the 
great  blufls  to  twenty-one  arpents  in  depth,  to  enjoy  in  full  and  perpetual 
propriety  the  said  land  above  described,  to  M.  Stephen  Tri^,  his  heirs 
and  assigns  without  trouble  or  prejudice,  on  condition,  however,  that 
the  said  M.  Stephen  Trigg,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  shall  pay  the  dues, 
both  ecclesiastical  and  civil,  common  to  all  the  other  citizens,  as  well  as 
the  seigniorial  dues  which  may  be  eslabUshcd  hereafter  by  the  republic. 
The  present  is  given  as  a  title  of  concession.  Signed  by  our  hand  at 
Cahokia  this  twenty-first  of  April,  in  the  year  of  grace  of  Jesus  Christ, 

1779. 

(Signed)  P.  r.ïDAtiLT,  Mis.sionary  Priest,  Vicar  General. 

I  certify  to  have  transferred  a  house,  situated  at  the  foot  of  the  blufls 
of  Cahokia,,  and  ihc  land  which  belongs  thereto,  in  accordance  with  the 
pretention  I  may  have,  which  land  was  verbally  ceded  to  mc  by  Captain 
Lord,  formally  commandant  for  the  king,  to  M.  Stephen  Trigg  for 


ILE  OF  LAND  BY  GttAULT,  MAY  7,  1779 


Î9 


Enjouir  ses  hoirs  et  ayant  cause  comme  si  ce  fut  moymftme.  Je  donne 

te  present  pour  valoir  En  tout  lieu  et  En  tous  les  Cas  où  Besoin  sera. 

fait  aux  Kaslcaskias  le  7"^  May  1779 

Signd  Cerrk 


I  do  assign  to  George  Rogers  Clark  F^.  all  my  right  &  Title  to  the 
Lands  &  appurlenancea  as  above  conveyed  lo  me  for  valuable  Consider- 
ation to  have  &  to  hold  lo  the  said  George  Rogers  Clark  his  heirs  & 
assigns  for  Lvcr  to  his  &  their  sole  use  fz  Behoof.  Given  under  my 
liand  JScscalal  Kaskaskia  the  filhday  of  May  177g  the  third  year  of  the 
Commonwealth. 

Sealed  and  delivered  before  ua 
^K  Mgné  JNO  Todd  Jk. 

r  ^ 


Cajcbo.vneavx  Greffier 


signiS  J.  GliiAULT  Lt. 
wgné  McH  Perrault  Ll 


[TranslativH.] 

himself,  hts  heirs  and  assigns  to  enjoy  as  if  he  were  I.  I  give  the  present 
to  make  the  title  valid  everywhere  and  in  every  case,  where  there  shall 
be  need.     Done  at  Kaskaskia,  May  7,  1779 

(Signed)  Cekré. 


1  do  assign  to  George  Rogers  Clark  Esq.  all  my  right  and  title  to 
the  lands  as  above  conveyed  to  me  for  valuable  considerations  to  have 
and  lo  hold  to  the  said  George  Rogers  Clark,'  his  heirs  and  assigns 
forever  to  his  and  their  sole  use  &  behoof.  Given  under  my  hand  and 
seal  at  Kaslcaskia,  the  6th  day  of  May,  1779,  in  the  third  year  of  (he 
Common  wt-aJlh. 

Sealed  and  delivered  l>cforc  us 

(signed)  John  Todd  J». 
(signed)  J.  GiRAULT  Lt. 
(signed)  Miguel  Pbreault,  Lt. 
Cabbonneaux,  Clerk. 

*  PW  Iba  Ulff  hfaaory  ol  thb  ctmioo,  me  IB.  Bin.  CtUtOims,  11^  sSi 


CHAPTER  m 

THE  BEGmNINGS  OF  CIVIL  GOVERNMENT,  MAY  laTO 
NOVEMBER   13,   i779 

Speechi»  by  Clask  and  Todd  —  Elections  axd  Appointmiwts  — 
pkesehtatton  op  gluevanccs — exports  prohibited  —  mon^y  dlf- 
ncuLixES  — JoBN  Dodge  Escapes  prom  Capuvcty  —  Sessions  op 

TH»  COUBT  —  I-ETTERS  PSOM  TODD  —  DlSORDKHS  P*  KaSKASKIA  — 
HONTOOUEBY  COLLECTS  SUPPLIES  — TbE  PtLTHY  FUND  —  PrOHIM- 
TION  OP    THE    UQCOK    TRAFFIC  —  RepC&AL    OP   MORE    SUPPLIES  —  AK 

EsnHATE  OP  Todd's  Administration. 

Speech  op  George  R.  Clark  to  toe  iNHAunAXTS  or  Kaskasku, 

May  13, 1779. 

[Draper  MSS..  49  J43.—  L.  S.] 
MCGSXEtlHSr 

Dis  votre  premiere  déclaration  cl  aiiachcment  aux   causes  des 

amcn'quatns,    Jusqu'à   ta   Glorieuse   Prise  du   Poste  saint   vinceat, 

J'avois  doulé  de  Voire  Sincurité,  maïs  dans  L-e  momenl  critique  J'ai 

Kprouvé  votre  fidélité,  J'ai  élé  si  louch«î  du  Zèle  avec  lequel  vous  vous 

y  êtes  montré,  que  mon  Désir  est  a  jtr&cnl  de  vous  rendre  heureuse,  et 

de  vous  E*rouver  t'aiïectiun  sintcre  que  J'ai  |xiur  !e  bien  Et  Tavencc- 

ment  de  cette  Colonie  En  j^eneral  et  d'un  chacun  en  particulier  les 

{Trùttsiathn}] 
Gentlemen: 

From  the  time  of  your  first  declaration  and  attachment  to  Ihc  cause 
of  the  Americans  until  the  glorious  capture  of  the  Post  Vinccnncs,  I 
doubted  your  sincerity;  but  at  that  crilEcal  moment,  I  received  proofs 
of  your  fidelity.  I  was  so  touched  by  the  zeal  which  you  there  dis- 
played, lEial  my  desire  at  present  is  (o  make  you  happy,  and  to  prove 
to  you  what  sincere  affection  !  have  for  the  welfare  and  advancement 
of  this  colony  in  general  and  of  each  one  of  you  in  particular.    The 

'  'I'hii  wIiIkh,  Bill]  thrfnlliinirLg,  wuevidetiUir  read  At  bo  BMfmlilt  til  tbr  inbaliiunlioi  Katkatkii 
to  thci  ib«  juds»  of  Uic  Cuun.    Sc«  JU.  UUt.  CeV*aim%,  11..  p.  Iviii.,  «I  ttq. 

80 


CLARK'S  SPEECH,  MAY  la,   1779 


8f 


Jeunes  gens  de  ce  pais  sont  revenus  du  Poste  Saint  Vincent  couvert  de 
L'auriers.  J'espère  qu'Us  continueront  toujours  Quoyqu'îl  y  en  ait. 
quelques  uns  quî  n'ont  Point  Eu  de  part  a  cette  Glorieuse  action,  Je 
n*En  ai  pas  moins  d'estime  pour  Eux  sous  L'Espérance  qu'ils  Pren- 
deronl  leurs  rcvenclie  si  L'occasion  s*En  Presenloit,  qui  pendant  mon 
absence  ont  avec  La  dcmicre  Kxaclitudc  fait  leur  devoir  En  la  Garde 
de  ce  fort.  Et  Je  Vous  promets  qu'aussilùl  Qu'il  Sera  En  mon  pouvoir 
que  vous  Jotiiray  de  la  Liberté  dont  les  ameriquains  jouissent  Eux 
m£mes  et  que  leurs  sang  coulent  dans  leurs  veines  Pour  leur  Salut  et  la 
deffence  de  leurs  Patrie  ci  que  vous  Messieurs  vous  pouvés  reclamer  les 
mêmes  privileges,  Je  voua  ai  dcja  dis  et  Je  vous  Le  répète  Encore  que 
le  Gouvernement  vous  protege  tt  va  vous  Envoyer  un  regiment  de 
troupes  réglées  pour  votre  surctÉ  et  deffence,  et  il  vous  a  appointé  un 
lieutenant  Gouverneur  Civile  Pour  régler  et  terminer  vos  affaires. 
dans  peu  vous  Connoitrcrés  le  ^st£me  ameriquain  que  vous  trouvères 
peut  être  dans  le  princi^x;  Etranger  Et  dans  la  Suite  vous  y  trouwrés 
tant  de  douceur  Et  de  tranquillité  que  vous  benirés  le  Jour  que  vous 
avés  ambrasse  La  Cause  des  ameriquains.    vous  Devin  Cire  persuadé 


[TramhtiûH.] 

young  people  of  this  country  have  returned  from  Post  Vinrenncs 
covered  with  laurels.  I  ho|ic  they  will  always  continue  so.  Although 
there  were  some  who  did  not  take  any  part  in  that  glorious  act,  still  I 
have  no  less  esteem  for  them  in  the  hope  that  they  will  take  their  revenge 
if  occasion  presents  itself;  for  during  my  absence,  they  have  done  their 
duty  by  guarding  the  fort  with  the  greatest  care.  I  promise  you  that 
as  soon  as  it  shall  be  in  my  power,  you  shall  enjoy  the  same  liberty  that 
ac  Americans  are  enjoying.  Their  blood  flows  in  thctr  veins  for  their 
fety  and  the  defence  of  their  country;  and  you,  gendcmen,  can  claim 
the  same  pri^-ilcges.  I  have  already  told  you  and  I  again  repeat  ît  that 
the  government  protects  you.  It  is  going  to  send  to  you  a  regiment  of 
regular  troops  for  your  safety  and  defence,  and  it  has  appointed  for  you 
a  civil  lieutenant-governor  in  order  to  regulate  and  judge  your  affairs. 
In  a  short  time  you  will  know  the  American  system  which  you  will  lind, 
perhaps,  in  the  beginning  a  little  strange;  but  in  the  course  of  time 
you  will  fmd  so  much  peace  and  tranquillity  in  it,  that  you  will  bless  the 
day  that  you  espoused  the  cause  of  the  Americans.    You  must  feel 


â2 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


que  l'on  ne  desire  rien  autre  chose  que  de  vmis  rendre  heureux  et  de 
vous  procurer  tous  les  secours  [«ossiltlc 

Voicy  Monsieur  le  Colonel  Toodd,  mon  grand  ami,  que  Je  vous 
prescntc  icy  pour  vous  Gouverner  et  c'est  la  Seule  personne  Dans 
L'Etat  que  J*ai  dcsîré  avoir  tlans  cette  Colonie  pour  remplir  ce  poste 
Je  suis  Plus  que  jwrsuaJe  de  sa  Capadtd  par  ma  Connoîssance  et 
La  diligence  qu'il  apportcre  a  vous  rendre  Justice  et  En  mcme  temps 
heureux. 

Vous  £tc3  icy  ossemlili!  Messieurs  pour  une  affaire  de  la  dernière 
importance  qui  consiste  a  aixnnlcr  les  pcrstmnes  les  plus  Capables  et 
les  PlusiIUiminA:.siH)ur  Jujjer  vos  diffcrcns  dont  J'y  suis  intéressé  pour 
votre  bien  futur  aussi  bien  que  ]K>ur  le  present. 

Je  vous  prie  de  Cunsiikrer  L'imporlanec  de  ce  choix  et  de  le  faire 
sans  partialili!  de  prendre  Des  personnes  les  plus  dignes  de  ces  charges 
et  J'Es^K're  que  dans  peu  vous  Scrds  convaincu  que  vous  êtes  des  mem* 
brcs  les  plus  Libres  de  L'univers.  Je  vais  Encore  une  fois  m'addresscr 
aux  Jeunes  gens  qui  ont  servi  suus  muy  dans  Lu  glc)ri(?use  Kx[>c<lilion  du 
poste  et  leurs  assure  Quils  ne  seront  pas  oublié  dans  toutes  les  Prov- 

\TransJaiù)n.] 
assured  that  nothing  else  is  desired  than  tu  make  you  happy  and  to  get 
for  you  all  the  help  jH)ssibIe. 

I  present  to  you  Colonel  Todd,  my  giKxl  friend,  as  your  governor. 
He  is  the  only  person  in  the  slate  whom  I  dcsircil  to  611  this  post  in  this 
colony.  I  am  fully  persuaded  from  my  knowledge  of  his  ability  and 
diligence  that  he  will  succeed  in  rendering  to  you  justice  and  in  making 
you  contented. 

You  are  assembled  here,  gentlemen,  for  a  matter  of  the  greatest 
importance,  which  consists  in  appointing  the  mogi  capable  and  the  most 
learned  persons  (o  judge  your  disputes;  in  this  I  am  interested  not  only 
for  your  present  welfare  but  also  for  your  future. 

I  beg  you  to  consider  the  importance  of  this  selection,  to  conduct 
it  without  any  pariiatity  and  to  elect  persons  the  most  worthy  of  these 
offices;  and  I  hope  that  in  a  short  time  you  will  be  convinced  that 
you  are  the  freest  muii  in  llie  uiuverse.  I  am  going  to  address  myself 
again  to  the  young  people  who  served  under  me  in  the  glorious  expedi- 
tion against  the  Post  and  to  assure  them  that  Ihey  will  not  he  forgotten 
for  their  good  deeds  and  the  good  ser\'ice  Ihey  have  rendereil  in  the 


TODD'S  SPEECH,  MAY  la,  iTjg 


83 


inccs  de  nos  Colonies  pour  les  Bienfaits  Et  bon  services  qu'ils  oal 
rendus.  Je  n'ai  pas  oublié  d'Un  rendre  un  ûdel  Compte  aux  Etats  L>e 
leur  Sincere  attachement  depuis  le  Juur  de  mun  arrivée  dans  ce  pais 
Jusqua  ce  Jour.  C'est  avec  une  grande  sincérité  que  Je  desire 
L'avancement  et  La  prospérité  des  habitans  des  Illinois  En  general. 

Je  vous  prie  de   Me  Croire   avec   le  plus  sincere   attachement 
Messieurs 

Votre  très  humble  et  très  obéissant  serviteur 

Fort  Clarlt  le  12  May  1779  O  R.  Clakk 

{TraitsJiiîion.] 

provinces  of  our  colonies.  1  did  not  fail  to  give  to  the  states  a  faithful 
account  of  their  sincere  attachment  f  mm  the  day  of  my  arrival  till  this 
day.  It  is  with  the  greatest  sincerity  that  I  desire  the  advancement 
and  the  prosperity  of  the  inhabitants  of  Illinois  in  general. 

I  beg  you  to  believe  mc,  with  the  sincereat  attachment,  gentlemen. 
Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

G-  R.  Clark. 
Fort  Clark,  May  la,  1779. 


Spkech  of  John  Todd,  May  i»,  1779. 
[C.  R-,  tn  Chicjigo  Hiat.  Society.— Copy.] 

Messieurs, 

Je  suis  Envoyé  De  la  part  Du  Govemement  de  Virginia  pour  Ex- 
ercer la  Charge  De  Magistrat  En  Chef  de  celte  Contée;  La  rcscptîon 
que  jay  Eu  de  vous  messieurs  mérite  mes  Rcraersimcntcs  je  suis  fîaté 
et  Le  Seré  toujour  lors  que  mon  pouvoir  p^jura  Servir  a  vostre  Bien 
Estre,  Je  vous  assure  que  KJen  ne  menquera  de  Ma  part  pour  pan'cnir 
a  Ces  fins. 

[TransliUion.] 
Gentle  UEN: 

I  am  sent  by  the  government  of  Virginia  to  act  as  magistrate  in 
chief  for  this  country.  The  reception  I  have  received  at  your  hands, 
gentlemen,  merits  my  thanks,  and  I  trust,  as  I  always  shall,  that  my 
power  may  be  of  service  to  your  welfare.  I  assure  you  that  nothing 
witi  be  tacking  on  my  part  Co  accomplish  this  end. 


«4  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

La  Republique  Des  Virgincns  ont  Eu  <I«  motifs  aasi  noble  pour 
venir  non  ]iar  Amnur  de  vous  Conr^uïr,  Mais  Vous  învnlcr  a  jrartisiper 
avec  Eux,  La  Benediction  d'un  Independence  franc,  et  EgaJIc  et  pour 
Estre  Gouverné  et  Jugfi  par  des  Officers  qui  serons  mis  En  pouvoir  p»r 
Le  peuple. 

La  grande  Distance  ou  Vous  Este  Messieurs,  de  la  Capîtalle  ne  vous 
permit  pas  de  Vous  assembler,  Je  dis,  presenter  dans  lassemblé  qui 
Gou\-cme  l'Etat,  Mais  si  par  la  suittc  du  temps,  Il  am'voit,  pour  vo4tre 
Bien  ou  pour  Vostrc  perte  que  vous  prcfaircrie  Vos  representations,  Jay 
dens  mes  Instructions  de  vous  assurer  que  Cela  ne  vous  Sera  pas  Reffuzé. 

Le  motif  qui  nous  Engage  a  vous  faire  assembler  Messieurs,  E&l 
pour  Choisir  parmis  vous,  Six  des  plus  notables  et  des  plus  judicieux, 
pour  Estre  Jug^  En  fait  de  la  cour  des  Caskaskias  Coojuinctcment  avec 
deux  autres  de  ta  prairie  du  Rocher  et  St  Philipc. 

Tûultes  personne  qui  a  droit  de  Voix  peut  Donner  de  Vive  Voix  ou 
par  Ecrit  son  Opinion  pour  Elire  Celui  quil  Voudera  metre  En  place. 


[Transltitùm.] 

The  Republic  of  Virginia  has  had  wry  noble  motives  în  coming  here. 
It  was  not  for  the  love  of  conquest,  but  to  invite  you  to  enjoy,  with  her 
citizens,  the  blessing  of  an  independence,  free  and  equal,  and  to  be 
judged  and  governed  by  officers  who  will  be  placed  in  power  by  the 
people. 

The  great  distance  at  which  you  and  yourselves  from  the  capital, 
gentlemen,  does  not  permit  you  to  assemble  j'ourselves,  I  say,  to  be 
present  in  the  a^embly  which  governs  the  state;  but,  if  in  the  course 
of  time  it  happens,  either  for  your  gain  or  for  your  loss,  that  you  should 
prefer  to  be  represented  there,  I  have  been  instructed  to  assure  you  that 
this  will  not  be  refused  to  you. 

The  motive  which  brings  us  together,  gentlemen,  is  to  choose 
amongst  you  six  of  the  most  worthy  and  most  judicious  men  to  act  as 
judges  of  the  Court  of  Kaskaskia,  conjointly  with  two  others  from 
Prairie  du  Rocher  and  St.  Philippe.' 

All  persons  who  have  a  right  to  vote  can  give  their  vote  for  the 
election  of  the  person  they  wish  to  have  in  these  offices,  cither  verbally 
or  in  writing. 

■  TU*  a  thp  mokniiix  ol  Ihe  Frmch.  but,  «Incr  («o  -wrrt  HfCiMl  fiom  Pnlrft  du  Rocher  uul  one 
fmn  St.  Philippe,  «e  must  MppOM  tlul  «u  «mr  ww  commilloJ  )>y  lif  tntMlsiiv  o<  tlw  EndUi;  «up- 
UjfptflpirwlbrTuJd.ocfaoaiiiaaccuntcNatcniiniinulcbf  I'aldhimidl.    For  tbe  dtcUoa  »l 
■  htf,  m  ^i<.  p.  Ss- 


AN    ELECTION,    MAY    19,    1779 


8S 


Je  ne  puU  Conclure  Messieurs  Sens  Rcmcrsicr  Publir[uement  M'  Le 
Colonelle  Clark  pour  ses  politesses  Je  Congratul  Sinaciremcot  luy,  Ses 
Braves  Officiers  et  Soldati,  et  prie  dieu  de  La  Bonté  Divine  De  liqr 
Continuer  le  succès  de  Ses  armes. 
[Endorsed:]    Address  to  the  Citizens  of  Kaskaskia. 

[Translation.] 
I  cannot  conclude,  gentlemen,  without  publicly  thanking  Colonel 
Clark  for  his  kindness.    I  congratulate  him,  his  valiant  oflScers,  and 

soldiers,  and  pray  to  God  of  all  divine  goodness  to  continue  granting 
him  success  in  his  militar>-  undcrlakings. 


EtECTiON  AT  Prairie  du  Rochek,  May  19,  1779. 
[K.  MSS.— A.  D.  S.1 
Nous  soussignés  habittants  au  village  de  la.  prairie  durocher  étant 
tous  assemblés  en  la  salle  daudiancc  de  mr  barbau  capitaine  de  millice 
et  commandant  en  ce  village  a  l'effet  de  nommer  deux  magistrats  pour 
ce  dit  district,  après  avoir  mûrement  examinés  nous  avons  tous  un- 
animement nommé  pour  premier  juge  la  personne  de  monsieur  jcan 
baptiste  barbau  Capitaine  de  millice  et  commandant  en  ce  district  et 
pour  segond  juge  la  personne  de  monsieur  anioine  duchaufour  de 
louviers  lieutenant  de  millice  en  ce  dit  dàtrict  les  connoissants  très 
capables  de  remplir  la  dite  charges  et  avons  tous  signes  a  lu  prairie  du 
rocher  ce  19  may  1779. 

[Translatiûn.] 
We  the  undersigned  inhabitants  of  the  village  of  Prairie  du  Rocher, 
being  all  assembled  in  the  audience  uliamijcr  of  M.  Barbau,  captain  of 
the  militia  and  commandant  of  this  village,  for  the  purpose  of  nominating 
two  magistrates  for  this  said  district,  after  having  carefully  examined, 
have  all  unanimously  named  for  lirsl  judge  the  person  of  M.  Jean  Bap- 
tiste Barbau,  captain  of  the  militta  and  commandant  of  this  district,  and 
for  the  setond  judge  the  person  of  M.  Antoine  Duchaufour  de  Luuvieres, 
lieutenant  of  the  militia  in  this  said  dislrict,  knowing  them  to  be  very 
capable  to  Oil  the  said  positions  and  we  have  all  signed  at  Prairie  du 
Rocher,  this  nineteenth  of  May,  1779. 


86 


ILLINOIS  HISTORrCAL  COLLECTIONS 


Marque 
JosKPH  ^^sQvt 

DE  JOSEPH  COCIIAN 

Marque 

DE  FRANÇOIS  TIBAII 

Marque 

DR  LOtriS  BtTABT 


Marque 
nu  IXIUIS  VASSEUR 

Marque 

DE  NICOLAS  TURJON 

Marque 

DE  FRANÇOIS  COUUS 

Marque 

DE  JOSEPH  DLAV 

Marque 

DB  LOUIS  PILLET 


Decooiy 

JEODANI  |jKrJ  BAPTISTA 
CACOMINl 


BAKBAU  FILS 
AYMÉ  COHTH 


Mark 
Joseph  Tangué. 

Mark 
o!  Joseph  Cochon. 

klark 


[Translaiicm.] 
Mark 
of  Lours  Vasseur.  DeCochy. 

Mark 
(if  Nicholas  Turjon.  Giovani  Baptista 


Mark 


of  FÏL\Nçois  TiBAULT.   of  Françuis  Coifus. 

hflrk  Mark 

of  Lqqls  Buart.  of  Joseph  Blay. 

Mark 
of  Louis  PaLESTE. 


Jacouini 


Bar  bac,  Jr. 
Aymé  Comte. 


îRTiFicATE  OF  ELECTION  BY  JoHN  ToHn,  May  ai,  1779. 
[K.  MSS..  Court  Record,  f.  [69.1 
The  Commonwealth  of  Virginia. 
To  Gabrfcl  Ctrré  Joseph   Duplasy,  Jacques  La  .source,  nicohft  1 
Janis,  Jean  Baptiste  Barbeau,  nicolas  Lachanse,  Charles  cbarleville, 
antoînc  duchaufour  de  Louvrieres  Pierre  Le  chevalier  Ciirandot  Es- 
quires. 

Frora  the  great  Confidence  reposed  in  your  Judgment  &  Integrity 
by  llic  good  people  of  Kaskaskias  and  its  Dcpcndcaccs  and  agreeably 
to  an  act  of  the  General  assembly  of  Virginia  you  arc  hereby  constituted 
&  appointed  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  District  of  Kaskaskias  and 
Juflges  of  the  Court  of  the  said  Oistrict  in  cases  both  civil  &  crinuiuU. 
any  fi>ur  or  more  of  you  arc  authwrizcd  to  constitute  a  Court  before 
whom  shall  be  cognisable  all  actions  and  coses  uf  which  the  Courts  of 


WINSTON'S  BOND,  MAY  21,   1779 


«7 


the  Counties  of  this  commonwealth  Respectively  have  Cognizanire  your 
Judgment  must  have  the  Concurrence  of  at  leiwt  a  majority  3n<l  he 
entered  with  the  proceedings  previous  and  subsequent  and  fairly 
recorded  in  Books  [irovided  for  that  purpose.  Witness  John  Todd 
li^quire  county  Lieutenant  or  commandant  in  Chief  of  the  County  of 
Illinois  the  21st  day  of  May  in  the  third  year  of  the  commonwealth 
annof]ue  Domini,  177g  signed  Jn  Todd  Je. 

Cakbonneaux  Greffier. 

Certificate  or  Appointmknt  or  SajiiRtrr  by  John  Todd,  May  31, 

1779. 

[K.  MSS..  Coun  KcrartI,  f.  i7o.~Kecoivled,  Ma/  a6,  1778.] 
The  Commonwealth  of  Virginia  lo  Richard  Winston  Esquire 
You  are  hereby  constituted  &  appointed  sheriff  of  the  district  of 
Kaftka^kias.  It  is  required  of  you  that  you  enter  into  Bond  u-ilh  sufTi- 
cienl  Securit)'  in  the  penalt>-  «f  one  thousand  pounds  Virginia  currency 
for  the  due  &  faithful  performance  of  your  Office  in  manner  i-  form 
as  is  required  from  tlie  Sheriffs  of  Counties  or  Districts  within  this 
commonwealth  and  moreover  take  an  oath  in  open  Court  to  demean 
yourself  well  &  truly  in  ynur  said  office. 

Given  under  my  hand  &  seal  al  KosicaskJas  the  list  day  of  May  in 
the  third  year  of  the  Commonwealth  annoque  Domini  1779. 

signed  Jk  Tonn  Jr, 

Carbonneaux  Greffier. 


Bond  of  Kichahd  Winston,  May  21,  1779. 
[K..  MSS..  Coun  Retord,  f.  171. 1 
Know  all  men  by  these  presents  that  we,  Rich''  Winston  George 
Rogers  Clark,  Richard  McCartj'  nf  the  county  of  Illinois  are  held  & 
severally  bound  unto  his  Kxccllcncy  the  Governor  of  Virginia  his  heirs 
Si  successors  in  the  full  &  jiat  sum  nf  one  thousand  pounds  current 
mone}-  of  Virginia  to  be  paid  to  the  said  Gouvernour  of  Virginia  his 
hairs  and  success<ir3  To  which  payment  each  [?]  &  truly'  to  be  made 
we  do  bifid  ourselves  our  heirs  executors  adminis(ratr>rs  jnintly  & 
severally  sealed  with  our  seals  &  dated  this  aist  day  of  May  one  thou- 
sand seven  hundred  and  seventy-nine. 

1  The  d«k  h»  e*iikmlvoiniilcl  a.  li»e. 


8S 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOXS 


The  Condition  of  the  above  obligation  is  such  tliat  if  the  said  Rich'' 
Wimton  Sheriff  of  the  district  of  K^sltiiskias  shall  at  all  times  faithfully' 
account  for  all  monies,  Tobacco,  Skins,  furrs,  and  all  articles  whatsoever 
which  shall  come  into  his  hands  by  process  from  the  Court  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Kaskaskias  from  any  Court  of  a  district  of  Illinois  or  from  any 
County  Court  of  this  state  or  from  the  general  Court  &c  if  the  said 
R.ich<>  Winston  shall  speedily   &  as  fully  execute  all  process  to  him 
Directed  by  order  of  the  said  Court  of  Kaskaskias  or  by  the  justices  of 
the  peace  for  the  Preservation  thereof  &  shall  faithfully  demean  him- 
self in  the  office  of  sheriff  for  the  said  district  Then  the  above  obligation 
lo  be  void  otherwise  in  force- 
signed  RicHD.  Winston. 
signed  G.  R.  Clark. 
Taken  in  Court  signed  Ricu.  McCabty. 

signé  devant  moy  sgné  Carbonneaux  Greffier. 

Magistrates  to  John  Toi>d,  May  at,  1779. 

[K.  MSS.— A.  D.  S.] 

[AJ  Monsieur  Jh  todd  Escuyer  Colonel  et  [prc]micr  Magistr»ct  de 
la  Conlfîc  des  Illinois  [el]  ses  dcpcndcnnces  Sec  &c  &c 

C'est  avec  un  Grand  regret  et  k  Cœur  nan-e  [ïrV]  que  les  sousignés 
habitans  de  la  ville  des  Kaskaskias  au  pais  des  Illinois  Paroisse  [de] 
L'Imniacitlée  Conception,  ont  L'honneur  de  vo\i&  Kxposer  disants 
[qujils  out  vus  avec  Douleurs  a  diverses  reprises  Les  soldats  de  la  troupe 
du  fort  Clark  aller  dans  la  Commune  de  ce  lieu  chercher  Les  animeaux 
des  dits  soussignés,  sans  avoir  Egard  n'y  à  la  Marque  n'y  a  celuy  à  qui 

\Trans!iili0rt.] 

To  M.  John  Todd,  Colonel  and  Kîrst  Magistrate  of  the  County  of 
Illinois  and  its  Dependencies  etc.  elc,  etc. 

It  is  with  profound  regret  and  with  sorrowing  heart  that  the  under- 
signed inhabitants  of  the  village  of  Kaskaskia  in  the  country  uf  Illinois, 
parish  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  have  the  honour  to  make  known  to 
you  the  following:  They  have  seen  with  sorrow  the  soldiers  of  the  com- 
pany of  Fort  Clark  going  at  different  times  to  the  commons  of  this  place 
to  get  the  animals  of  the  said  undersigned,  without  paying  any  atlcntioD 
either  to  the  mark  or  to  him  to  whom  they  might  belong.    They  penned 


t 


MAGISTRATES  TO  TODD,   M.^Y  ai,   1779  89 

ilsrouvtticnt  appartenir,  les  ont  Renferma  dans  le  dit  fiirt  et  tué  sans 
En  dtJiincr  avis  à  pcrsimne  Chose  [?]  qui  Just^u'a  ce  temps  ne  s"Etuit 
Jamais  vue  dans  ce  pals  [Et]  qui  est  centre  toutes  Luîx  et  Particulière- 
ment ciintrc  les  Coutumes  et  uzages  d'un  juiis  libre  et  indépendant 
comme  est  celui  cy  et  que  L'un  hulls  L'annonce  L'être,  La  ou  un  chacun 
Doit  (trc  maître  de  faire  de  son  bien  ce  qui  lui  plaira  En  Joiiir  comme 
bon  lui  avisera,  ont  tut:  Boeuf  de  charuc,  [vac]he  à  Lait  et  autres  qui 
apjiartenoicnt  a  des  (îens  et  Personne  [qui]  ne  jiouvoient  s'en  passer, 
faisant  pour  les  uns  le  besoin  de  L'agriculture  de  sa  terre,  Pour  les  autres 
la  subistenre  et  nuurriturc  de  sa  famille,  nous  nous  sommes  Jamais 
refusé  a  fournir  des  animaux  Pour  le  Ijcsoin  de  la  Oarristin  autant  qu'il 
a  été  En  notre  pouv<iir  et  sommes  Encore  Prêts  a  le  faire  d'autant  que 
nos  forces  Poumins  nous  le  permettre,  si  l'on  souffre  que  l'on  nous  tue 
les  Boeufs  de  iharuc  comment  pourrons  nous  Cultiver  nos  terres  et 
fournir  [les]  Besoins  de  la  Garnison  et  celui  de  nos  familles,  si  de 
|pa]reils  abus  continuent  qui  tendent  a  la  ruine  générale  De  la  Colonie 
que  deviendront  Les  Colons. 

Les  Dits  soussignés  vous  exposent  qu'ik  Etotent  Convenus  UQam- 

\TraH3latiûn.] 
these  in  the  said  fort  and  killed  them,  without  giving  notice  of  this  to 
any  one,  a  tiling,  which  U]i  to  this  time  had  never  been  seen  in  this  coun- 
try, and  which  is  contrary  u>  :dl  taws  and  is  especially  contrary  to  the 
customs  and  usages  of  a  country  free  and  independent  as  h  this  one. 
They  announce  to  us  that  this  is  a  free  counlrj*,  where  each  one  shouki 
be  master  to  do  with  his  properly,  as  pleases  him,  and  to  enjoy  it,  as  he 
may  sec  fit,  yet  they  have  killed  plow-oxen,  milch  cows  aïid  other 
animals,  which  tielonged  to  persons  and  people  who  could  not  (•€!  along 
without  them,  being  for  some,  needful  for  the  cultivation  of  the  land, 
and  to  others,  for  the  subsistance  and  nourishment  of  their  families.  We 
have  never  refused  to  furnish  animals  for  the  need  of  the  garrison  as  far 
as  it  has  been  in  our  power,  and  we  are  still  ready  to  do  so  as  far  as  our 
strength  may  permit  us  to  do  ft  If  they  ])crmit  our  plow-oxen  to  be 
killed,  how  shall  we  be  able  to  cultivate  our  lands  and  furnish  the  needs 
of  the  garrison  and  that  of  our  families?  If  similar  abuses  continue, 
which  tend  to  the  general  ruin  of  the  colony,  what  will  become  of  the 
colonists  ? 

'I'lie  undersigned  make  known  to  ]rou  that  they  had  unanimously 


90 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


ment  d'abolir  La  traittc  des  Lîqucrs  fortes  et  Eni^Tanlcs  avec  les  nations 
Sauvages  comme  il  rtoit  Pradiqué  st^us  le]  Commandement  des 
francois  dans  ces  Colonies,  qui  [AÏS.  torn]  tout  temps  regardée  Comme 
la  Peste  et  La  Perle  Génét[MS.  iorn]  Colonie  qui  a  Causée  tous  les  mal- 
heurs et  les  desastres  [MS.  tcm]  ont  été  commis  par  ces  mCmes  nations, 
témoins  L'atta[J/5.  lorH\  Par  les  checachias  a  la  Maiàoti  de  Monsieur 
Rumljl/i".  torn]  le  Commandement  de  Monsieur  le  Capiiiane  Lord 
[US.  torn]  dernière  Malheureux  aflaire  Commise  par  les  Lou|ps|  En- 
viron six  semaines  où  deux  mois  n'a-t-elle  pas  été  oi:[MS,  torn]  Par  la 
Boisson  qui  nous  ont  mis  cette  nation  Contre  nous  Qui  Jusqu'à  ce  Jour 
nous  avoit  deffendu  et  protegi  Contre  les  autres  nations  nos  Ennemis  et 
Bien  d'autres  traits  [MS.  lorn]  Les  dits  soussignés  vous  Exposcroicnl 
dont  le  detail  [MS.  torn]  trop  Long-lemg  [sic]  le  tout  Causd  par  la 
Iraitte  de  L'Ka|udevie]. 

Les  dits  Soussignés  Vous  remontrent  aussy  que  [MS.  torn]  même 


[Translation.] 
agreed  to  abolish  the  trade  in  strong  and  intoxicating  liquors  with  ibc 
Indians,  as  was  the  practice  under  the  regime  of  the  French  in  these 
colonies,  who  alwÉ-iys  regarded  this  trade  as  a  pest,  threatening  the  de- 
struction of  the  colony,  and  causing  all  the  harm  and  disaster  which 
were  committed  by  these  same  nations.  An  example  of  this  was  the 
attack  by  the  Chickasaws  on  the  house  of  M.  Rum[3eyl  '  during  the 
command  of  Captain  Lord  *  \MS.  torn],  and  another  the  last  unhappy 
affair  committed  by  the  Loups  about  six  weeks  or  iwo  months  ago; 
was  this  latter  attack  not  brought  about  by  the  drunkenness  which  made 
this  nation  hostile  to  us,  but  which,  up  to  that  day,  had  defended  us 
and  protected  us  against  the  other  nations,  enemies  of  ours?  And 
many  other  outbreaks  |by  the  Indians]  the  undersigned  might  relate, 
the  details  of  which  would  take  too  long  to  narrate;  but  the  cause  of 
them  all  has  been  the  trade  ia  eauâfvie. 

The  undersigned   iababitaots  point  out  to  you  also  that  [at  the] 

■  JarnBKunBFi'cacnFii- tllin'.iKwiihCii'UiLiiS^iilmBm  i7Af,hiJI  «oaulcft  tbeKTikc&nil«iia|*d 
uadtrli.  iur  Biiynl'jn,  VVIurUin,aiii.1  Mlwimh  I»lri  )i<-  lud  >  quand  tritb  (înatc  Macgin  md  •nth- 
dr«)v  from  th>  ■sake  ui  tlui  arm.  Hr  nay  tivF  lUtin}  a  buiine»  lor  Unudt,  'I1ic  atiuck  rdtTTc] 
lo  pcDurtcd  ■□  MdV.  1771.  The  aJiMiirbancr  l.-taan  b;  ilic  dliortlnlj  ooodiict  ol  r  Chicliu.uw  ImJiun 
la  lb*  More,  whidi  ou  loILownl  by  itn  tttacL  made  by  ih«  whnle  band  ■!  tfaU  iLma  in  ihi  t-ill&ai  ■  They 
•rere  beam  oD  by  ibc  uldioi.    Cua.  Arthkti.  B.,  vol,  ill,  p.  7j, 

'Cap<sifl  Hufh  Ixirtt  wii  In  lbi> atiy  uinracf  of  ipjlchinchar^ar  ihetllinoiiccuntrrb;  Ma- 
jor tuic  IlamilliM,  hib  miKTiut  nniJ  pmlirmaDt.  Al  ihiil  licHthv  Sritiali  aimiiliir  h.vJ  ilrlErmiu-a]  to 
ahtDitaaDif  policy  o!nttlrtuliitnKUri«0nlMiubthr  Wed.  TtMrdoRFon  t'r<i  mil  londrChar- 
trm  were  batn  almiidanFd  ;  and  all  bul  «  lew  iniapi,  Idl  >l  KMàxIck,  mm  «ltti<lriwD  (itmi  Jllinoi*. 
CtpUla  Lord  tmuintd  at  hU  pou  IWIU  Ibfi  ifM'tBii  of  mi.    Sec  tnle,  p.  4,  u.  4. 


MAGISTRATES  TO  TODD.  MAY  ai,  1779 


91 


temps  qu'ils  Etoicnt  Cornxnus  Enlr'cux  dc  suivre  Exactement  qu'ils 
n*avoicnt  Jamais  fait  L'Edit  des  Rofia  dcj  france  de  ijîo  appelle  Com- 
munément Code  noire  Con[tre]  les  achapts  ou  ventes  avec  les  nègres 
Esclaves  sans  PcrmfAf S.  torn]  verbale  où  par  Ecrit  dc  leurs  maitrcs  dont 
a  present  on  [\fS.  torn]  aucune  difËcuU<!  de  leurs  vendre  Boissons  Kn 
[MS.  torn]  Marchandises  et  autre  pareillement  d'achapts  [MS.  torn] 
Espèces  de  Denrées  sans  Enprewnîr  leurs  dits  maîtres  [MS.  lorn]  les 
Engage  aux  voles,  Larcicns  et  Brigandages  qui  E[st)  L'intention  et 
Esprit  du  dit  Edit  qui  a  été  cy  devant  sui[iU5.  torn]  avec  ta  demîerc 
Exactitude  et  celui  qui  y  Contre\'erI.l/5.  torn]  Etoit  puni  suivant 
L'Exigence  du  Cas. 

Les  dits  soussignés  vous  remontrent  que  dans  [MS.  lam]  que  les 
Sauvages  ont  fait  de  leurs  terres  a  Monsieur  W(illiam|  Murray  et  com- 
pagnie qu'ils  sEn  sont  réservé  une  certain  Portion  pour  eux,  les  Francois 
leurs  frères  et  toutes  autres  nations  qui  pourroient  venir  dans  ce  Con- 
tinent pour  En  jouir. 

Conditioncllement,  de  concert  avec  eux  qu'il  n'Kn  serait  ac[^5. 

[TransJaihn.] 
same  lime  ihey  covenanted  amongst  themselves  '  to  follow  exactly  the 
edict  of  the  [kings  ofl  France,  of  ihe  year  1720,  commonly  called  the 
Black  Code,  a  thing  they  had  not  done.  This  Code  prohibited  pur- 
chasing from,  or  selling  lo,  negro  slaves  without  a  verbal  or  written 
order  from  their  masters;  for  at  prescnl  one  has  no  difficulty  in  selling 
to  them  drink  in  [exchange  for?]  merchandise,  other  kinds  of  products, 
or  provisions  without  warning  thi-îr  said  masters  thereof,  [a  thing  which] 
encourages  them  to  engage  in  theft,  larceny,  and  brigandage,  the  pre- 
vention of  which  was  the  intention  and  spirit  of  the  said  edict,  which  was 
formerly  followed  with  the  utmost  cxactitijde;  and  he  who  broke  it  was 
punished  according  to  the  circumstances  nf  the  case. 

The  said  undersigned  inhabitants  point  out  to  you  that  [in  the  sale] 
which  the  Indians  made  of  their  lands  to  M.  \Villiam  Murray  and  Com- 
pany, '  they  reserved  a  certain  portion  t)f  it  for  themselves,  the  French, 
their  brothers,  and  all  other  nations  which  might  come  to  this  continent 
to  enjoy  the  same,  on  condition,  according  to  agreement,  that  no  more 


*  Refer»  la  the  «(rMrnoil  nud«  in  1776,  in  iintf,  p.  ti,  n.  1. 
>Scc/I].tfiif.  CoJlKrMnr,  il.,  lu,  liL.aDil'HM.p,  7,  n.  1. 


9»  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

tern]  Dons  ce  même  Coatînent  qui  Est  depuis  La  riviere  s  marie  Ju[s] 
qu*a  paissa,  que  ce  que  celui*  a  qui  la  possession  En  scrolt  \MS.  torn] 
PouTToit  Cultiver  pour  eux  et  leurs  successeurs,  nous  [-1/^.  torn]  Certain 
aventurier  qui  serigent  En  seigneur  ayant  [MS.  /orn\  qui  sont  incultes 
qui  vendent  [  ?]  aux  uns  et  autres  a  [MS.  tarn]  Considerables  et  qui  En 
font  Commerce  qui  VimpechcT[MS.  torn]  L'augumentation  du  pais  C'est 
pour  ce  Con^der^  [MS.  lorn]  ^-ous  plaire. 

1.  ordonner  et  dcffendre  à  lavenir  et  dès  ce  [MS.  turn]  a  toutes  Per- 
sonnes de  Quelque  qualité  [MS.  torn]  Quelques  prétexte  que  se  puisse 
Être  d'attrappcr  ou  faire  attrappcr  dans  la  commune  de  ce  lieu  ou  ailleurs 
aucun  animal  de  quelques  Espèces  qu'il  puisse  Être  Encore  bien  [MS, 
lorn]  moins  de  les  tuer,  Los  dits  Soussignés  ne  s'Elant  Jamais  refusé  a 
£o  fournir  autant  qu'il  a  été  En  leur  pouvoir  Pour  le  Besoin  delà 
Gami&on  et  que  de  tels  abus  soycnt  réprimez 

2.  De  ne  pas  permettre  a  quique  ce  soit  que  sous  un  Gouvernement 
aussy  Juste  qu'Equitable  la  Iraitte  d'Eaudcvic  avec  les  Sauvages  dé- 
clarée, prouvée  et  reconnue  au1hentique[menl]  La  Peste  et  la  perte  Géc* 

[Translaiton.] 
land  should  be  acquired  in  the  territory  extending  from  the  river  A 
Marie  as  fur  as  Paissa,  than  he  wbu  had  possession  of  It  could  cultivate 
for  himself  and  bis  successors.  We  call  your  attention  to  certain  adven- 
turers who  are  establishing  themselves  as  seigniors  having  taken  [pos- 
session cf  lands)  which  are  uncuUivaled  and  which  they  are  selling  to 
each  other  at  considerable  [pricesi,  and  are  making  thereof  a  commerce. 
This  prevents  the  growth  of  the  country.  In  consideraton  of  this,  may 
it  please  you  : 

ist.  To  order  and  to  forbid,  from  this  day  on  and  in  the  future,  all 
persons  of  whatever  quality  they  may  be  and  with  whatever  pretext 
they  may  have,  to  lake,  or  to  cause  to  be  taken,  in  the  commons  of  this 
village  or  elsewhere,  any  animal  of  whatever  kind  it  may  be,  and  much 
less  to  kill  said  animals;  since  the  said  undersigned  inhabitants  bave 
never  refused  to  furnish  meat,  as  far  as  it  was  in  their  power,  for  the 
need  of  the  garrison.  [May  it  please  you  to  order]  that  such  abuses  be 
surprcsscd. 

and.  Not  to  permit  anyone  whomsoever,  under  a  government  so 
just  ai]d  equitable,  to  trade  iu  eaudevie  with  the  Indians,  since  it  is  de- 
clared, proved,  and  recognised  by  authority  to  be  the  pest  and  general 


NUGISTRATES  TO  TO0D.  MAY  ai,  1779 


9S 


érale  de  tout  ce  CoiitiDent  se  fasse  et  Que  celui  qui  donnera  ou  Echangera 
des  fioissonâ  Enyvnuiies  avec  les  dits  Sauvages  soit  chassi!  et  Banîs 
honteusement  [MS.  torn]  lu  Colonie  Comme  personne  declari5e  En- 
nemie de  la  [pa]ix  et  du  repos  Public 

j.  Fareitlcmcnt  celui  qui  donnera  ou  Echangera  des  Boissons  Ed- 
yvrantes  vendra  Marchandises  ou  acheptera  des  denrées  Des  Esclaves 
nègres  où  Sauvages  sans  une  Permission  verbale  où  par  Ecrit  des  maîtres 
des  dits  Esclaves  soycnt  condamné  [MS.  torn]  amande  Pécuniaire  con- 
formément a  Droit  des  \MS.  torn]  de  1730. 

4.  Enfin  qu'un  chacun  JoUissc  Paisiblement  des  Droits  a  Eux 
accordés  par  les  Sauvi^'S  Et  qu'il  ne  suit  accordé  a  ceux  qui  demand- 
eront des  possessions  que  ce  qulls  Eu  ]H>urront  Cultiv[er]  Ce  faisant  Les 
dits  Sousignés  ne  cesseront  de  faire  les  Voeux  Les  plus  ardents  pour 
votre  augmentation  et  œluy  [A/5,  torn]  L'Etat  et  ferbs  droit  Dessus  ont 
signés  les  autres  ont  fait  leur  marque  ordinaire. 

Kaskaskia  le  34™*  May  1779  Cekré 

Jean  baitiste  sauvais  janis 

Lacbanse  ant.  [MS.  torn] 

[Translation] 

destruction  of  all  this  land,  if  it  is  done.  (May  it  please  you  to  otdain] 
that  be  who  shall  give,  or  exchange,  intoxicating  drinks  with  the  Indians 
be  expelled  and  shamefully  banished  from  the  colony  as  a  person  de- 
clared to  be  an  enemy  lo  peace  and  to  public  repose. 

3rd.  Likewise  that  he  who  shall  give  or  exchange  intoxicating 
drinks,  ftho  shall  sell  merchandise,  or  shall  purchase  provisions  from 
black  and  Indian  slaves,  without  a  verbal  or  written  permission  from  the 
masters  of  the  said  slaves,  be  condemned  lo  a  pecuniary  fine  according 
to  the  law  of  the  Code  of  1720. 

4th.  That  all  enjoy  peaceably  the  rights  accorded  to  them  by  the 
Indians,  and  that  no  possessions  be  given  to  those  who  shall  ask  for 
them  except  that  which  they  will  be  able  to  cultivate.*  This  done  the 
under&i]jj3icd  will  not  cease  to  make  the  most  ardent  vows  for  your  wel- 
fare and  that  «f  the  state  ;  and  you  shall  do  justice.  Some  have  signed 
others  have  made  their  customary  marks. 

Kaskaskia,  May  34,  1791  Cerré 

Jean  Baptjstf.  Baijvais  Janis 

Lachanse  Ant  [MS.  torn] 

■SwTodd'i  ptodinialhici(<3dcutaBirt.SociMr^Ci<B«rfiMi.  It.  joij.  wbcrcinhcfailiidiUail 
to  be  taken  up  except  la  ibe  loBC  Btrmr  iir^  wimaisr  it>  fhr  Frmf  ti  h«t<liiiK<- 


94 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Charles  Chakuville 

DARUIEL 


PLASl 

J"""  Lasoukck. 


[Transla-tùm.] 
Charles  Chableville  Flasy 

Barutel  Jacques  LaSouscs. 


Appointment  of  Henry  CROumER  as  Deputy  Attorney  hy  JeAp 

GiRAiJLT,  June  8,  1779- 
[K.  MSS-,  Court  RccQTd,  f.  iSï-I 
Illinois. 

Know  oil  men  Iiy  these  presents  that  John  Girault  of  the  lown  of 
Kaskaskia  in  the  arowsaicl  County  Ijy  «rluc  of  a  Commission  lo  mc 
granted  ihe  fifth  day  of  June  Près'  by  John  Ttxld  Esq  County  Lieut 
or  Commandant  of  the  aflfors^  County  Empowering  to  act  as  attorney 
on  Behalf  of  this  Commonwealth  have  made  ordained  conslilutcd  and 
appointed  and  by  these  Presents  do  make  Conslitutc  and  ajjpoint  henry 
Croucher  Esq  of  said  County  to  l>e  my  true  atîomcy  and  for  me  and 
ID  my  name  and  on  behalf  of  said  Commonwealth,  to  sue  all  odenders 
and  defc-nct  uU  suits  against  said  Commonwealth  receive  all  fines  and 
£merccment  which  may  be  hereby  (?)  Law  Lc'  [sic]  accounting  for  the 
same  and  amount  thereof  When  thereunto  required  and  in  fine  to 
do  all  Lawfull  acts  and  things  whatever  conseming  the  Premises  as  fully 
in  Kvery  Respect  as  I  might  or  could  do,  If  I  were  personally  Present 
hereby  ratifying  and  confirming  all  and  whatsoever  my  said  attorney 
shall  in  my  name  Lawfully  do  or  cause  lo  be  done  in  and  about  the 
Premises  by  virtue  of  these  Presents  be  being  first  qualiûed  as  the  law 
directs.' 

In  Witness  (o  here  [sir]  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  affixed  my 
seal  ihc  Twenty  Eighth  day  of  June  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  seventy  nine  and  in  the  third  year  of  the  Common- 
wealth 

Signed  John  Girault. 
atty  gen 'I 

'Tbi  dcrh  hua  crMcntlT  both  mUr«»d  wid  otnltlvd  «pmnhiiiii 

^IVk  h  Ihr  aolr  nfcmuc  lo  îleùty  Oroiiihcr  ■*  itstc'a  allomo'  OijH  hu  ht*a  noticed- 


A  PETITION,  JUNE  la,  177g 


95 


pEimoN  TO  THE  Court  of  Kaskaskia,  June  la,  1779. 
IK-MSS.  — A,D.  S-l 
A  Lhonnnrable  Cour  Du  Distric  Des  Caskakias 

Messieurs, 

Les  nom(=e3  Peaul  Dcsrochcrs,  Labont<?,  louis  Boi«!or^,  Joseph 
L&ramc  on  Lhonncur  dc  rcprcwntcr  deVin  Vostre  tribunal  Ij:  tort 
qu'auroist  Mr.  provcau  Condurteur  ti'une  Voiture  appartenant  a  Mr 
Bingteley  De  leur  faire  perdre  lueurs  gage  qu'ils  ont  Si  légitimement 
gaigné  a  la  sueure  de  Leurs  fron  Vous  Este  Supplié  Dobsen'er  Messieurs 
que  loutte  Les  raisons  que  !c  Sr.  provcau  vous  aligua  hier  Se  rcduizcnl 
a  une  seullc  qui  Est  qiiil  Enlcnt  faire  payer  aux  D**  Engagés  une 
certaine  Camitè  de  marchandize  qui  auroist  Eté  Voilé  dcns  un  portage  ou 
rapide  par  des  Scauvagcs,  cl  dit  de  plus  Encaure  pour  Sa  deffcnse  q'un 
dc  ses  mesmc  Engagé  Se  serois  offert  pour  gader  Tx  Bagage  pcndenl 
que  T^s  autres  Seroicnt  apsent 

Voisi  Messieurs  La  réponse  a  laquelle  Vous  Este  Supplié  dc  prcster 
touitc  Votre  attention. 

l>es  ScauYiges  que  he  Sr.  provcau  auroist  Embarqué  Sur  La  voiture 


[Translalùm.l 
Tg  the  Honorable  Court  cE  the  District  of  Kafikaskia. 
Gentlemen  : 

The  gentlemen,  named  Paul  Desrochers,  Labonté,  Louis  Boisdoré, 
and  Joseph  Larame  have  the  honour  to  exhibit  before  your  tribunal 
the  wrong  which  M.  Prowau,  conductor  of  a  boat  belonging  to  M. 
Bentley,  did  them  in  making  them  lose  their  wages  which  they  so  justly 
earned  by  the  sweat  of  their  brows.  You  ore  besought  to  observe,  gen- 
tlemen, that  all  the  arguments  that  M.  Proveau  produced  to  j'ou  yes- 
terday, reduce  themselves  to  a  single  one,  which  is,  that  He  intends  to 
make  the  said  engagés  pay  for  a  certain  quantity  of  merchandise  which 
was  stolen  by  the  Indians  at  the  portage  or  rapids;  and  he  says,  more- 
over, in  an  argument  for  his  defence,  that  one  of  his  own  men  offered 
himself  to  guanl  the  baggage,  while  the  others  were  absent. 

Here  is,  gentlemen,  the  answer  to  which  you  are  besought  to  give 
your  careful  attention. 

The  Indians  whom  M.  Proveau  took  on  the  boat,  were  very  useless 
baggage  for  there  was  no  need  of  a  guide,  since  there  was  a  very  «pert 


ILLINOIS  HISTORIOU.  COLLECTIONS 


Etoicnl  des  meubles  très  Innuliles  puis  quil  navoîst  pas  Besoin  de  guide 
En  aycnt  un  Ires  Exjwr  dons  la  personne  du  Sr.  Dt-srociier  3"  que  Ce 
dit  guide  Connoissoit  quil  luy  faloïst  tout  ses  homme  pour  Monter  sa 
Voilure  pour  ncstrc  pas  En  risque  de  pcrir  quaurois  dit  mr.  proveau  luy 
mcsme  sï  Ce  guide  En  Laùsd  un  homme  a  ganlcr  Le  Bagage  et  que  par 
Ce  dcffeau  La  Voiture  fue  pcrric  et  Mr.  provcau  Sur  la  gresvc  avec  sa 
marchandizc  Expcauzi  a  la  fureur  des  Scauvagcs  Nauroist  il  pas  dit  a 
Ce  mcsme  guide  quil  ne  savoît  pas  son  metier,  que  ne  luy  dcmcndcroist 
il  pas  aujourdhuy.  3*  Les  Scauvagcs  que  le  «r.  jirovcau  a  jugé  apropos 
d'Embarquer  sur  La  voiture,  ont  Enibarquii  Contre  La  Volonté  de  tout 
Les  Engagé  et  parliculierrcment  du  guide  et  il  Est  prouvé  que  Ce  Soos 
Ce  mesme  Scauvagcs  qui  ont  fait  Le  Voile. 

Persomie  Nignorc  Messicur  q'un  Bourgota  peut  Embarquer  Sur  Sa 
Voiture  tout  ce  qui  Luy  plais,  mais  Si  après  des  avertissement  salutaire 
Expeauzé  a  Ce  mesme  Bourgois  et  que  malgré  tout  il  Veut  Courir  a  sa 
riiinne  Se  ftuii  quil  ne  [>erdera  Jamais  rieu  et  quil  faira  payer  se»  Engagé 
U  ne  portiist  rien  de  juste  den»  Ce  procède 

Ce  Considéré  Messieurs  il  Vous  plaize  ordonner  au  Sr.  provcau,  quit 

[Translation.] 
one  in  the  person  of  M.  Desrocher.  2nd.  Thai  this  said  guide  knew 
that  all  his  men  were  needed  to  lake  the  boat  up,  so  as  not  to  run  the 
risk  of  perishing.  What  wnuld  M.  Proveau  have  said  himself,  if  this 
j^ide  had  left  a  man  to  keep  the  baggage  and,  because  of  this,  the  boat 
had  been  loslj  and  M.  Proveau  had  been  U-ft  on  the  bank  with  his  mer- 
chandise, exposwl  to  the  fury  of  the  Indians?  Would  he  not  have  said 
to  that  same  guide  that  he  did  not  know  his  business?  What  would  he 
not  demand  of  him  to-day?  3rd.  Those  Indians,  whom  M.  Proveau 
saw  fit  to  take  on  (he  boat,  embarked  contrary  to  the  wishes  of  the 
engagés  and  especially  against  that  of  the  guide;  and  it  is  proved  that 
it  was  these  same  Indians  who  committed  the  robbery. 

No  one  can  deny,  gentlemen,  that  an  owner  is  free  to  load  his  boat 
with  what  be  pleases,  but  if,  after  wholesome  warnings  made  to  this 
same  o-H-Dcr  and,  in  spite  of  all,  he  wishes  to  run  to  his  ruin  trusting  that 
he  will  never  lose  anything,  and  if  he  is  going  to  make  his  workmen  pay 
for  it,  there  seems  to  be  nothing  just  in  such  a  proceedings. 

Having  considered  this,  gentlemen,  may  it  please  you  to  order  M. 
Proveau  to  pay  ihess  men  their  wages,  which  they  earned  with  so  much 


TODD  TO  CLARK,  JUNE  as,  1779 


97 


ay  a  payer  Leurs  gage  quil  ont  gaigné  Avec  tout  de  peine  et  QutI  Soit 
Condamné  a  tout  I>s  fratx  de  La  procedure  et  faire  droit 

Peaui-  Desrocheh  Louis  Boisdoré 

AKTOIH74E  LaBOKTÉ  Jh  LaRAUE, 

Aux  Cas  Le  12°  juin  1779 

[Transiatîon.] 

labour,  and  may  be  be  condemned  to  ail  tbe  costs  of  the  case;    and 

justice  will  be  done. 

Paul  Deskochek,  Lotns  Boistx>KÉ, 

Antoine  LABONTé,  Jh.  Laraue. 

Kaskaskia,  June  la,  1779. 


Wassant  from  John  Todd  to  Richard  Winston,  June  14, 1779. 

[K.MSS.— A.  D.  S.] 
Ilinois  to  wit, 
To  Rich^  Winston  Esq;  Sheriff  of  Kaskaskia  &c' 

You  arc  hereby  authorized  &  required  between  the  Hours  of  nine 
&  Eleven  In  the  morning  of  the  Sixteenth  of  this  Instant  to  cause  to  be 
executed  Manuel  a  Slave  in  your  Custody  by  being  hung  by  tbe  neck 
untill  be  be  dead.  &  this  shall  be  your  Warrant. 

Given  under  my  hand  &  seal  the  14th  day  of  June  1779 

John  Todd  (seal). 


John  Todd  to  Gcdrge  R.  Clark,  June  23, 1779. 

[I>rapei  MSS,,  49/57.  —  A.  U  S.] 

S*  ViNCKKNKS  32nd  June  1779 
My  D"-  Col. 

By  Capt.  Helm  youll  learn  with  what  a  high  hand  the  Dclawares 
have  been  conducting  themseU'es  lately  —  we  may  see  from  what  trifling 
Causes  Issues  of  the  first  Consequence  flow.  The  Originals  in  this 
misfortune  have  a  considerable  share  in  the  Blame.  I  wish  it  was  leas 
the  case  with  us  in  all  Indian  Wars.  We  arc  now  I  believe  loo  late  for 
everything  but  ojam  war  with  them.     I  wish  to  lie  at  Kaskaskia  a  little 

'  'l1tUwkrnnMupcncç)«dUMWVTAnllwbuniln<,CQpi(dlsJabfirodd>K«cardl)ooï,rirlcUdliy 
K.  O.  MuiMi  in  Chnaoo  Hiu,  Sotîrty'»  CaihrWi—t,  Jr,,  J04.     Par  IhcmonJof  tbeUiaJ  of  hUDurt.w* 

;u.  uiM.  CfOtoittu,  li.iiii  lit. 


98 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAJL  COLLECTIONS 


while.  I  have  written  to  Capt.  Winstun  &  sent  an  Appointment  to 
Capt.  Francois'  upon  (he  plan  wc  were  speaking  uf,  which,  if  you  are 
Dot  yet  started,  I  wisti  yini  Lo  lurward  with  your  Assistani^ 

I  hope  we  have  nothing  to  fear  from  the  northcm/  Indians  &  expel- 
ling the  Dclawarra  may  prohably  lie  lictter  for  us  — ■  A  secret  Kiiemy 
is  always  besl  at  a  Distance.  I  conajle  myself  like  a  good  American 
in  supptJsing  that  cvcr)-[thiTig]  is  working  for  the  best  &  thai  with  the 
Virtues  uf  Wisdom,  Bravery  &  Resignation  wc  shcdl  at  last  earn,  & 
merit  Independence  —  Iwforc  we  deserve  it,  providence  will  nut  gtve  it. 
I  am  Dr  Sir  with  respect 

Your  Obed»  Hble  Serv* 

Jn"  Todd  jr. 
[Addressed:]        Puhlick  Service 

To  G.  R.   Clark  Esq. 
Commander    Jtr. 
Kaskaâkia. 


Protest  Concermno  Notes  of  Exchange  by  Joseph  Perrault, 

June  24,  1779- 

[K.  MSS.  — A.  D.  S.Ï 

L'an  mil  sept  Cent  Soixante  et  dix  neuf  et  le  Vingt  Quatrième  Jour 

du  mois  de  Juin  avant  Midy  Dana  la  trcisicmc  année  De  la  rcPublic 

de  Wrginie  h.  la  requisition  du  sieur  Joseph  françois  Perrault  négocient 

demeurant  au  Poste  Saint  Louis  sur  la  Rive  Espagnol  des  Illinois  De 

present  En  la  ville  de  Ka.ciKasKias  Logé  chez  le  Sieur  Richard  Winston 

ou  il  a  Elu  son  Domicil  J'ai  françois  Carboaneau.v  Greffier  du  district 

de  KasKasK.ias  En  la  Comté  des  Illinois  y  resident  soussigné  En  la 


[Translation.] 
In  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sevenly-nine,  on 
the  morning  of  the  twenty-fourth  of  June  in  the  third  year  of  (he  Repub- 
lic of  Virginia,  at  the  requisition  of  M.  Joseph  François  Perrault,  a  mer- 
chant living  at  Post  St.  Louis  on  the  Spanish  shore  of  the  Illinois,  and 
at  present  in  the  village  of  Kaskaskia,  stopping  at  the  home  of  M. 
Richard  Winston  where  he  has  chosen  his  domicile,  I  François  Car- 


<  CapUin  Fiancob  Chutnille  ol  the  g— »■— n.  Comiony.    Fat  biograpbiral  nolice, 
(k  41s.  n.  ». 


«ffd. 


PERRAULTS  PROTEST,  JU^fE  24,  1779  W 

ausditte  viUe  Paroisse  de  L'immaculée  Conception  rnc  suis  Exprès  trans- 
porté au  forte  Clark  accompagné  de  Deux  Icmoins  et  ]»rc5cnce  du 
rcquisjteur  où  Etant  et  parlant  a  Mr.  George  Rogers  Clark  Colonel 
Commandant  les  forces  De  L£tat  de  Virginie  En  ladiltc  Confite  lui  ai 
montré  et  présenté  Deux  lettres  de  changes  faisant  Ensemble  La  quantité 
de  Deux  Mille  Deux  cent  soixante  et  dix  sept  Piastres  deux  Rcaux  par 
lui  tiré  sur  Mr.  oIi\ier  Pollock  a  ta  nouvelle  Orleans,  avec  un  protest  fait 
par  Mailre  Garic  Ecrivain  Public  a  la  ditte  nouvelle  oricans  Le  le  [sic] 
Vingt  troisième  Jour  du  mois  De  JanWer  dernier  et  ai  ledit  Greffier  sous- 
signé par  ces  présentes  sommé  et  interpellé  ledit  sieur  George  Rogers 
Clark  &c  Parlant  comme  de  dessus  de  lui  donner  et  payer  présentement 
La  somme  De  Deiu  milles  Deux  cent  Soixante  et  dix  sept  Piastres  Deux 
Reaux  Contenue  En  tes  diltes  deux  Leilres  De  change  aux  offres  de  lui 
remettre  ycelles  En  faisant  le  payement  Bien  et  Duëmeiit  qu'il  lancées 
Lequel  a  offert  de  de  [jiVj  Livrer  et  Payer  La  ditte  somme  De  Deux  milles 
deux  cent  soixante  dix  sept  Piastres  En  cartes  courraiïte  ainsy  que  les 
fiais  et  interest  ce  que  ledit  sieur  pcrrault  na  Pas  voulu  accepter  Les  dits 

[Translation.] 

honnraux,  clerk  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  in  the  County  of  Illinois 
and  living  in  the  alwvc  mentioned  village,  in  the  parish  of  the  Immac- 
ulate ContTptJfin,  went  purposely  to  Fort  Clark  accompanied  by  two 
witnesses  and  in  the  presence  of  the  petitioner,  where  being  and  speaking 
with  M.  George  Rogers  Gark,  colonel  commanding  the  forces  of  the 
State  of  Virginia  in  the  said  county,  I  showed  and  presented  to  him  two 
letters  of  exchange  together  amounting  to  two  thousand  two  hundred 
and  5cvcnty-3cvrn  piastres  and  two  reaux,  drawn  by  him  on  M.  Oliver 
Pollock  in  New  Orleans,  together  with  a.  protest  made  by  M.  Garic, 
public  3cri\-encr  of  the  said  city  of  New  Orleans,  dated  the  twenty-third 
of  last  Januarj-;  and  I,  the  undersigned  clerk,  by  these  presents,  sum- 
moncïl  and  called  on  the  said  M.  George  Rogers  Clark  etc.,  (speaking 
these  very  words)  to  give  him  (Perrault)  and  to  pay  at  once  the  sum  of 
iwn  thousand  two  hundred  and  seventy-seven  pinsires  and  two  reaux, 
as  called  for  by  the  two  letters  of  exchange,  offering  to  return  to  him 
these  which  he  had  issued,  if  he  should  make  the  payment  well  ami  duly. 
He  offered  to  deliver  and  pay  the  said  sum  of  two  thousand  two 
hundred  and  seventy-seven  piastres  as  well  as  the  cost  and  inlerest  in 


too 


ILLINOIS  lUSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


deux  lettres  De  change  Elaut  En  piastres  Munnoye  C'est  quojr  moy  Ic 
susdit  Grcl&cr  soussigné  Proteste  Contre  Mondil  sr.  G-  R.  Clark 
Lc  change  de  L'argunl  au  nom  ilu  dit  sieur  ijcrrault  aux  Perils,  risques 
fortunes  (icjwns  Dommages  et  Interests  de  qui  il  appartiendra  et  protesté 
de  tout  tx  que  dessus  En  presence  des  Sîeurs  Jacques  Lasouroc  et 
villiers  tcmetins  a  ce  ruquis  qui  ont  signé  avec  le  sr.  Perrault  et  nous 
GrcfTiLT  soussigné  les  dits  Jour  et  an  susdit  Lecture  faite  approuvé  les 
quatre  rcnvuys  de  nous  paraphé 

temwns  presents  J.  F*  Pebrauli 

J''"  Lasoorce 

Vii.iJ'^BS.  In  testimoniiim  Veritatis 

payé  Emdt  15  Carbunneaux  Greffier 

L'an  mil  sept  Cent  soixante  et  Dix  neuf  et  le  Vingt  quatrième  Jour 
du  mois  de  Juin  après  après  [5ti:]  midy  a  la  re([uiâition  du  sr  Joseph  Per- 
rault négocient  au  Poste  St.  I^uis  j'ai  OrefCer  soussigné  ai  signifié  et 

[  Tramb2iùm.\ 
current  paper  money,  which  the  said  M.  Perrault  was  not  willing  to 
accept,  since  the  said  two  letters  of  exchange  were  drawn  (or  coined 
piastres.  It  is  for  this  reason  that  I,  (he  above  named  clerk  and  under- 
signed, protest  in  the  name  of  ihe  said  M.  Perrault,  against  the  said  M. 
O-  R.  Clark  for  the  exchange  of  the  money  [and  the  letters  of  exchange 
shall  remain)  at  the  peril,  risks,  fortune,  expense,  damages,  and  interest 
of  him  to  whom  it  shall  belong.  And  the  above  protest  against  all  this 
was  made  in  presence  of  MM.  Jacques  Lasource  and  Vlliiers,  witnesses 
summoned  for  this  purpose,  who  have  signed  together  with  M.  Perrault 
and  with  mc  the  undersigned  clerk,  on  the  day  and  year  above  named. 
Four  insertions  approved  with  a  paraph  by  us. 

Witnesses  present  J.  F.  PERExaLT. 

Jacques  Lasourcb 

ViLLiEKS.  In  testimonium  veritatis, 

Paid  15  iivres  Carbonneaux,  Clerk. 


On  the  aftemooQ  of  Ihe  twenty-fourth  day  of  June,  177g,  at  the 
requisition  of  M.  Joseph  Perrault,  a  merchant  at  Post  St.  Louis,  I,  the 
undersigned  clerk,  informed  and  notlSed  M.  George  Rogers  Clark  of 


PROCLAMATION   BY  CERRE,  JUNE  38,  1779  loi 

notifié  au  Mr.  George  Rogers  Clark  le  protest  cy  dessus  cl  dee  autres 
parts  parlant  a  sa  Personne  Ledit  Jour  et  an  sus  dit. 

Cahhomneaitx 
Premier  Expedition  a  Mr.  pcrraull,  Payé  Emdt  5 
[Endorsed:]    Protest  de  Lettres  de  changes  Par  M''  Joseph  Perrault 
contre  G.  R.  Clark  du  34™"  Juin 

(  Translation.] 
the  protest,  abcn'e  and  on  the  other  paigc,  speaking  to  him  on  the  above 
»aid  day  and  year.  Carbonkeaux. 

B1r«t  copy  to  M.  Perrault, 

Paid  for  nxording  5  livres 
[Endorsed:]    Protest  of  Letters  of  Exchange  by  M.  Joseph  Perrault 
against  G.  R.  Clark,  of  June  24. 


Fboclamatiom  PaomBiTiNQ  Exports,  by  Gabriel  Cerré, 

June  28,  1779. 

[K.  MSS.,  Court  Record,  f.  191,  —  Recorded  August  ri,  17J9.] 

Je  Soussigné  Juge  de  la  Cours  des  Kaskaskias  Certi&e  qu'il  a  été 

défendu  de  sortir  aucune  Espèce  de  Provision,  de  ce  Pays  sans  ordres 

el  PermisKon  du  Commandant,  dont  Je  Donne  le  present  pour  servir 

a  qu'il  appartiendra. 

aux  Kaskaskias  ce  28*"^"  Juin  1779 

Enregistré  le  ii"»»*  Boust  1779  signé  CCRSl 

CutBOKNEAUX  Greffier. 

[Translation.] 

I.the  undersigned  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Kaakaskia,  certify  thai  it 
has  been  prohibited  to  export  provisions  from  this  country  without 
orders  and  permission  by  the  commandant,  concerning  which  prohibi- 
tion I  give  the  present  to  serve  him,  to  whom  it  shall  belong.^ 

At  Kaska.'Otia,  June  28,  17J9  (Signed)  Ckbre. 

Recorded  August  11,  1779.  CARnoxiffiAtix,  Clerk. 

*  For  ft  limlUr  prodinulica,  im«d  .\u<ii«  «t,  tT79>  l>T  J«bo  I'odd,  k«  Cbicwi  UbL  Sodetj^ 
Cmllnlitiu,  iv.,  joC 


lOS 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


GABKifiL  CSRRt  10  Georc.e  R.  Clask,  July  la,  1779. 
praper  MSS..  49Js»-  —  A.  L.  S.J 

Monsieur, 

Jc  scitv  que  la  prcscnte  vous  trouve  En  parfaite  Santé.  Et  voua 
Soitc  toute  Prospérité  Dans  vos  Entreprise.  Vous  savée  Lorsque 
vous  mavéc  employé  a  fair  Les  achais  de  dcfcranle  provision  pour 
Les  Etats,  jc  lé  (ait  avec  louis  Le  aele  posible  Je  ni  Epar^ier  ni  mes 
peines  ni  ma  bourse  Car  toute  Les  fourniture  que  Jai  Prise  Sur  La 
partie  De  misère  Je  les  ai  payée  En  peltri  sur  lequele  Je  doit  Encore 
Milles  ou  Douze  Cent  Livres  De  paux  De  Clicvreille.  Dans  le  Rej^e- 
mcnt  De  mes  Compte  a^-ec  Monsieur  Shannone  Je  lui  est  Dcmendé  Des 
marchandise  Pour  Comme  il  me  lavuit  prumis  répondre  â  mes  Engage- 
ment, Jugé  De  ma  surprise  Lorsque  quîl  me  Dit  quil  niîtois  pas  a  Son 
pouvoir  De  men  donner  Daucune  Espèces,  U  ma  donné  Des  Ictres  De 
change  Pour  au  nombre  de  Douze  Cent  Traiite  buite  piastre  Le  DU 
Crédite  Des  lelrc  De  change  Comme  vous  le  Savez  mcn|jeche  De  Re- 
pondre a  mes  Engagement  Je  ne  Recoure  qu'a  vous  Dans  Se  moment. 
Jcspere  que  vous  vousDré  Bien  me  fair  Donné  Des  manhandls  [mur  La 
Cuncurance  De  te  que  Je  Doit  qui  ywurd  Equivallé  quatre  cent  piastres 

[Translation.] 
Sir: 

I  hope  that  this  letter  will  find  you  in  perfect  health,  and  I  wish  you 
all  success  in  your  enterprise.'  Vou  know  ilial  when  you  cmi)lo>'ed  mc 
to  buy  different  supplies  for  the  States,  I  did  so  with  all  the  real  possible. 
I  spared  neither  pains  nor  my  purse.  I  paid  for  all  the  supplies  I  took 
from  Ste.  Genevieve  with  peltries,  on  which  I  still  owe  a  thousand  or 
twelve  hundred  livras  in  deer  skins.  In  settling  accounts  with  Mr. 
Shannon,'  I  asked  him  for  some  merchandise,  since  he  had  promised 
to  be  responsible  for  my  engagements.  You  may  judge  of  my  surprise, 
when  he  told  me  thai  it  was  not  in  his  power  to  furnish  mc  with  any  kind 
<rf  merchandise.  He  gave  mc  letters  of  exchange  to  the  amount  o£ 
twelve  hundred  and  thirty-eight  piasfres.  The  discredit  of  the  letters 
of  exchange,  as  you  know,  prevents  me  from  settling  my  liabilities;  I 
depend  only  on  you  at  this  moment.  I  trust  that  you  will  be  kind 
enough  to  see  that  merchandise  is  delivered  to  me  to  the  amount  that 

■WUIiim  Shuuioa  wm  corniniHarv  and  quarunawter  of  th*  lUinâit  UimliiM. 


CERRK  TO  CLARK,  JULY  la,  1779 


103 


je  ne  rien  Exigé  De  me  paines  pour  Le  services  Des  Etats  insy  il  Servit 
Bien  dure  pour  moy  de  d'eBoursé  Milles  Livres  De  paujt  de  Chevrulle, 
Jespere  que  vous  aurée  Egare  a  ma  demende,  Comme  Egalement  a 
legare  De  ma  forge  que  Javois  Louée  a  M''  Winston  pour  Les  Etats. 
Les  ouvriers  ont  enporlé  tous  les  outillfs  qui  etois  Dedans  don  vous 
trouveré  La  note  Cy  join  pour  Le  temps  qu'il  ûu  été  DeDans  il  ma  élê 
paye  73  livre  par  Monsieur  SLiaunone.  Cent  piastre  oe  sufiroit  Pas 
pour  Remelre  Les  outils  qui  manquent  et  le  fere  qui  a  été  employé  Dont 
Je  né  pas  eue  un  Sous,  on  ma  dît  quil  y  avoit  Du  fere  au  poste  au  états 
Et  Des  uulils  de  forgeront  vous  pourîer  men  faire  remetre  vous  pouvez 
vous  enfurme  De  Sela  a  Monsieur  Kenedy  il  nier  aucune  nouvelle  qui 
mérite  votre  atoiuiun  Sinon  que  le  Bruit  Coure  Ion  Jour  qun  Gran 
iio(m|bre  de  Sauvage  Duïvcnt  nous  altaijuer. 

Je  vous  pris  De  me  Croire  avec  Consideration  Monsieur 
Votre  très  humble  Et  1res  obéissant  Serviteur 

Des  Kaskaskias  Le  13"^  Juillet  1779  Cerré 


{Transtalion.] 
I  owe,  which  equals  some  four  hundred  piastres.*  I  did  not  require  any- 
thing for  my  trouble  in  the  service  of  the  state,  so  it  would  be  very  hard 
ftir  rae  todisburse  a  thousand  livres  in  deerskins,  t  hope  you  will  have 
consideration  for  my  requesi,  as  well  as  some  consideration  for  my  forge 
which  I  rented  to  M.  Winston  for  the  use  of  the  states.  The  work- 
men took  away  all  the  tools  that  were  there,  a  list  of  which  you  will  tlnd 
joined  to  this  letter.  For  the  time  that  they  had  posses-sion  of  it  I 
n.'cei\-ed  73  livres  from  M.  Shannon.  A  hundred  piastres  would  not  be 
enough  to  replace  the  tools  that  are  missing  and  the  iron  that  was  used, 
for  which  I  did  not  receive  a  cent.  I  ha\x  been  told  that  there  is  some 
iron  as  well  as  blacksmith's  tools  at  the  post  of  the  states.  You  might 
be  able  to  have  some  of  them  turned  over  to  me.  You  can  inform  your- 
self on  this  subject  through  M.  Kennedy  who  will  keep  bacJt  nothing 
which  may  be  worthy  of  your  attention,  unless  it  be  that  rumor  has  it 
that  one  of  these  days  a  large  number  of  Indians  will  attack  us.  I  beg 
you  to  believe  me  with  consideration,  sir, 

Your  very  humble  and  obedient  ser\-ant, 
Kaskaskia,  July  12,  1771;.  Cerré. 


I04 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Etals  Des  oulits  qui  manque  Daoa  ma  Eorge  Scavoir 

I  Gro  Marteaux  4  Demù  Ronde 

I  Dilopetie  1  Cuillierapot 

4  ^  Lime  Carré  Lanaux  Des  T«iai]le 

t  Ronde  La  Chaîne  du  Souder 

[Addressed:]    Monsieur  Muo&ieur  Le  Colonel  Clark  aujc  Pusie  Vin- 

neiuie 

{Transhtiûn.] 

List  of  the  looU  that  are  mi&^ug  in  my  black -smith  shop:    Namely: 

I  large  hammer.  4  half-round  files. 

I  small  hammer.  i  cooking-Iadtc. 

4  square  files.  The  ring  for  the  longs, 

I  round  die.  The  chain  for  the  bellows. 

[Addressed:]    To  Col.  Clark,  al  Post  Vinoennes. 


John  Dodge  '  to  Philip  Boyle,  July  13,  1779. 

[B.  M.,  3178Ï4  f-  »4»-  —Copy.] 

PiTTSBUBC,  July  ij**"  1779. 
Dkar  Sib, 

It  is  with  pleasure  that  I  inform  you  that  I  ha^'e  made  my  escape 
from  Quebec;  I  have  Ihe  honour  of  wearing  a  Captain's  Commission, 
and  the  managing  Indiim  affairs.  Vuu  may  dc|x?tid  U{ion  seeing  mc 
there  this  fall  with  a  good  Army.  Fisher  and  Graverai'  arc  here  and 
desire  to  be  rcmembreti  lo  their  Brothers  and  bid  ihcm  to  be  of  good 
cheer.  There  has  been  a  battle  at  Carolina,  the  F.nglish  are  cnlircly 
defeated,  seven  hundred  lay  dead  on  the  ground,  the  rest  prisoners  with 
all  their  Cannon  and  Baggage.  I  inclose  10  yovi  the  proc-ecding  of  a 
Counriî.  I  am  going  lo  Williamsburg  in  a  few  days  to  prosecute 
Hamilton  '  and   that    Rascal  Di'jean  *  Lamotlc,"    likewise  Homioay 

■  John  Dodge  |d»yn!  xn  imiudaiil  (url  in  Iltiiuiii  iluiind  Ihe  inululionaiy  voir*  And  UxratfCB. 
Kr  luJ  jiuIbMnappuimtd.  b  t77<),cainniisiiona'  far  lodiAn  nâain  in  Uliooo».  A  full  acconni  of  hiaa  , 
will  liE  full  lid  En  J  It.  Hut.  C'ailiiiiL-ni,  )j  ,  InniiMJuininit  Oniiiccnlng  hi*  capplunaut  Imiitliinncnaii  h* 
Willie:  ,-ln  oiSirtamiHt  Xarrjint  a}  ikt  crvtl  Jnj  b^rtarimi  Tnaineat  ani  acltemt  Suiterâtâiel  Mr. 
Jfhn  DmIii  dv*ini  hit  rnplivily  oj  launy  mBulJit  umuM/  ifei  Uriliih  at  Drlroil,  pIc,  3iJ  «I.  Uuvvn^ 
Mum.,  17B0,    Alia  lAiUikhed;   Aliooa'a  HiiH/mlnaiict',  vi. 

*^i8<r  Mhl  GnvrrxE  of  Dctrntl- 

*  Ucatnul-Ccmnioc  Himil'on,  tsplurvd  u  Vlocrnnn. 

•  Philip  nefniQ  «M  iud»  ia  DcUvIt  durinit  (he  HrilUh  paiod.  N«  fullonred  Kscnillon  lo  Vln- 
CBaH^  wu  lakni  ]«Ban«r,  UhI  HVtl  tn  Wltl  i^nubijig  I'h'jniat  Dmlle)'  itulM  [lui  il  w»  ihruugb 
bblamicncc  tti.it  Dtjmi  wMtdbunJ  ua  pAroltsiul  triumci]  to  Vïacmaa  uid  [Jdrull. 

^Guilluiinir  t  J  Mollir  m*  ■  trjiilrv  at  I>ctroll  In  1767.  On  liar  .iiiM-mk  'if  iW  Rrvi.i|iitiun  h« 
WMin  Nrw  Enfjjnd.  I^trr  he  icluracd  lo  Ottrohand  beounc  a  Uriii^li  "luflivn."  ][f^  wjit  c*^ 
bis  of  (Rïliii'i.  "'^m  he  ««nmiantnl  Hamlllan  cm  hfi  Vlocetinn.  ni^iuun,  wbrri*  hr  watoiciMintf. 
Hr  w»,  liLc  Hnmiltun,  kepA  in  dote  confiacitiatl  until  li»  tKhaiuic  in  i;llt.  .^dii|iUd  {rom  WÛ. 
âtll  CflJnfMr.  iviii,  J41. 


CERTIFICATE  FROM  CLARK,  JULY  r4,  1779 


«05 


Hay.'  They  will  all  be  hanged  without  redemption,  and  the  Lord  have 
mercy  on  their  Souls.  My  Compliments  to  all  the  good  whigs  of 
Detroit  —  money,  plenty,  fine  times  for  the  sons  of  Liberty.  I  am  just 
now  drinking  your  healths  with  a  good  G]a<»  of  Madeira.  God  bless 
you  all,  we  will  soon  relieve  you  from  those  Tyrants. 
I  am,  Sir,  Y''  humble  Servant 

J""  DOCE. 

To  M'  Philip  Boyle  merchant  at  S^  Duskt  by  M'  John  Montour. 

Wrote  on  the  outside. 

The  Rey^  D.  Zcibergcr  is  aliow'd  to  open  this  letter  and  read  it  to 
the  Indians. 

receive  Sepf  28'''^  1779,  by  some  Hurons.  B.  B.  L. 

lEttdorsed:]    Detroit.    Ent^ 

Copy  of  Jn"  Doges  Letter  Sep^  6*^  with  a  printed  Ace*  of  G.  Ham- 
ilton's treatment  at  Williamsburg.     1779  A. 

Entered  in  Book  marked  B.  N"  3,  Page  1. 

Also  And*  Robinson's  letter  to  Doge  wrote  on  the  back  of  said 
printed  acc^  of  Gov''  Hamilton. 

for  the  C.  in  Cheife  thro  Col'  Bolton.      Copy. 


CEKTiriCATE  FROM  Georce  Rocers  Clark,  July  14, 1779. 

[K.  MSS.,  Court  Rectird,  f.  18;. —  Recorded  August  1 1,  (779.] 
I  Certifie  that  the  necessity  of  the  5er\-ice,  obliged  the  inhabitants 
of  Caskakia  &  Cahos  lo  fumiah  all  the  flour  they  were  Capable  to 
furni&h  for  the  use  of  the  troops  under  My  Command,  by  which  Mr 
Charles  Charlevillc  could  not  furnish  what  he  was  obliged  lo  furnish 
Mr  Devillicrs  at  the  arcan-sas 

Given  under  my  hand  at  fort  Patrick  Henry  14,  July  1779 

signed  G  K  CuutK 
enregistra  le  11™  aousi  1779 

■  Jrhti  Hay  ifu  bom  in  Ckcaln.  PmnaytvanU.  tn4  enlinird  in  itir  (,Mh  .\inrrfaaB  Begtmeat  in 
i?5S.  In  ijri>  lir  wualUuwiwitai  hnmli.  Thi-rrhr  vrml  rlurlna  PnTi i ijic'i cootpinQr.  IbitM 
he  iTAi  iKJidr  Inflàn  cowimiwry-  In  1714  be  w.tiM'IfliiHl  b>  Grni.T,J  II,ilT>jiiunil  In  «ull  am]  report  on 
ihf  riiiOJifuns  in  IllilMh  In  1-7^  hr  btami  ilrjiiHv  Inilun  i;-.irr  .nul  ir  ijor  r>(  ihs  D«lfoii  militia, 
lie,  ilm,  wiLi  Ukcn  iviuncT  «I  \iricrnna.  !«it  In  Viiiiinù  ami  r  n  Ij.in,;.-!  ui  .;fl  1.  In  irH:i  hr  jMtnnie 
llrultMot-iuTfniOT  iM  tMsnil  niui  dinl  in  '-^t-  KU  vnn,  Jul  m  ll.i; ,  I  ir  1  l>i>ca(at  a  protniuCILl  CitMCO 
oi  CohiAiA,  lUinoU.    Thwailot,  tad  tLrIlû)tc>«vubtfiim  on  Ikt  Ufptr  Okie,  ijo,  a.  17. 


io6 


ILLINOIS  mSTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS 


Jonx  Todd  to  George  R.  Ciask,  July  a8,  1779. 

[Draper  MSS..  49)63.— A.  L.  S.] 

K&ska&kia,  38  July,  1779. 
D'  Col-, 

After  6  Days  Joumeyiag  we  arrived  here  having  for  the  Sake  of  Se- 
curity left  the  Road.  The  Bearer  is  not  going  express  for  1  have  not 
Business  of  consequence  enough  for  one. 

The  Harvest  is  just  brought  in  without  any  Molestation  from  the 
Enemy.  Col.  Rogers  set  off  )TstenIay  to  St.  Louis  for  the  small  remains 
of  Goods  which  he  says  belongs  to  our  State  —  a  Secret  before  unknown 
to  me.    I  expect  him  about  10  Days  Hence. 

If  you  do  not  proceed  upon  the  Expcd'^  I  think  you  w^  be  more 
serviceable  here  than  at  S'  Vinccnties      1  am  D''  Col.  with  esteem 

Your  Obed'  &  hblc  Scrv^ 

Jn*  Todd  jr. 
Aug'  13^''      Having  been  disapirainted  in  sending  this   &  other 
letter»  I  send  them  now.    Col.  Rogers  will  set  off  in  a  few  days  for  Ft 
Pitt.     I  wish  to  see  you  to  know  the  plans  proper  for  our  deportment 
the  Winter  ensuing,  J.  Todu  jr 

[Addressed:]    G.  R.  Ciark  Esq;  S^  Vtncennes 

John  Todd  to  Judgrs  of  the  Couht,  July  30,  1779. 

[K.  MSS..— A.  L.  wkiiscftl] 

To  Gabriel  Cerre  &c.  Esquires,  Judges  o!  the  Court  for  the  District 
of  Kaskaskia  ' 

You  are  hereby  authorized  &.  required  to  hold  &.  institute  a  Court 
on  Saturday  the  31SI  of  July  at  the  usual  Place  uf  Holding  Courts  within 
your  district  any  adjournment  to  the  Contrary  notwithstanding 

Provided  that  no  Suitor  or  party  be  compelled  to  answer  any  process 
upon  said  Day  unless  pro|)erly  summoned  by  the  Clerk  &  Sheriff. 

Given  under  my  hand  &  seal  at  Kaskaskia  the  30^''  July  1779. 

seal 
[Endorsed:]    Requis  de  M'  Tod  a  Nf  Janis  Pour  rassembler  la  Cour. 
1779,  No.  44. 

[TransltUhn.] 

Request  of  Mr.  Todd  to  Mr.  Janis  to  reassemble  the  Court.  1779. 
No.  44. 

[  >mliin  o(  Ih»  court.    Il  wu  tniucribod  bv 'focld  Id 
MMom.  to  Cliie&r)  Ul*l>  S«clciy'»  cdkaiMi, 


■  Th»  b  nrldCDlly  n  arnmiDl  to  IhU  ■  «nccU  «ad 
ht(ltMior<l-Doak.vbJchlku  bvta  putillslwirby  E.  C. 


COURT   RECORD,  AUGUST  3.   177g 


107 


CouKT  Record  or  Kaskasua,  August  a,  i779-Augu&t  i,  1781. 

[K-  MSS.—  A.  D.  R.j 
A  une  Cours  Icnue  par  Extraordinaire  tenue  par  ordre  de  Mr  Jean 
todd  premier  Magistral  du  district  des  KasKasKias  £st  Comparu 
nicolas  lachansc  lequel  apr^5  a^oîr  pretté  les  serment  de  fidélité  et 
d'oflâcc  Entré  En  charge  de  Magistrat  ce  Jourdhuy  a™*  aoust  1779  et 
asigné  Ddplasi  LaChanse 

a  une  court  tenue  au  district  des  KasKasKias  le  Mercredy  premier 
Jour  du  mois  d'aoust  mil  sept  Cent  qualrevingl  et  un  est  Comparu  En 
la  dille  court  Messieurs  anto'nc  beauvais  et  Jean  baptiste  chauvin 
charleville  Les  quels  ont  été  nommé  par  le  public  assemblée  le  Vingt 
neuf  de  Juillet  dernier  Pour  Magistrats  et  Juge  a  paix  de  ce  dit  District 
les  quels  apr&s  avoir  prelté  le  serment  de  âdelilé  Et  dof&ce  sur  les  saint 
Evangeliste  du  Dieu  tout  puissant  ont  pris  seance  a  la  court  Et  ont  signé 
les  dits  Jour  et  an  susdits.  .\ntoxne  Bauvais 

C  HA  ru;  VILLE 

[Traniiation.\ 
At  a  special  session  of  the  Court  '  held  by  the  order  of  M.  John  Todd, 
first  magistrate  of  the  District  of  Ka.<Uiaskia,  there  appeared  Nicholas 
Lachanse,  who  afler  having  taken  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  of  office 
entered  on  the  duty  of  magi^rale,  this  second  day  of  August,  r779, 
and  signed,  Ddplasv.    LAtmANSE.' 


Al  a  session  held  in  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  on  Tuesday  the  first 
day  i>r  Angus!  1781,  i here  ap[>erjed  I>efore  the  said  court  MM.  Anloine 
Bauvais  and  Jean  Baptiste  ('liauvin  dît  C'liarlevillc,  who  were  named 
by  the  public  assembly,  on  the  twenty-ninth  of  July,'  magistrates  and  jua- 
lices  of  the  peace  of  this  said  Dislriii.  and  who  after  having  taken  the 
oath  of  allegianfe  and  of  office  upon  the  Holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty 
God  took  their  place  in  the  said  court  and  signed  the  same  day  and  )Tar 
as  above.  Antoikf.  Brauvais 

Charleyille. 

■  The  neari  'at  ibe  w îon«  of  thf  Cduti  of  KoikaiJtb  hu  probabljr  otm  dotrovod.  ol  InM  It  ha* 
aiftr  bmi  fnus'd.  I'hr  »hort  reeonl  ii  «vidmtir  h  pate  tram  ibe  onclnal  reci)rd.«oek.  For  other 
tttmj  ramrdi.  loniult  iIip  InAa  of  thii  volumo.  At  thr  end  d(  John  Twid'i  Rcoord-Book,  pruHfd 
Chiaio  Hi'i.  !i'>citt;'t  Ci>tiMitn$,  iv^  jo»,  ar*  trcords,  cvldoDtly  cir(|lDa),  ol  ■  IcwMHtoMoT  iba 

Court  rrvlird  \a  i^H;. 

*lActuiuc  Iu4  bocn  rlrcud  in  ibe  prttioai  Mar-    See  «itff,  p.  fto. 

*  Par  acciunl  nf  llil>  rlrClinn  »rc  111.  Hilt,  CaJlfrfunu,  [i.,  p.  iiii.,  and  faff.  «AS,  a.  t. 


us 


ILLINOIS  msfORl 


m 


You  shall  swear  that  you  will  well  &  truly  execute  the  Office  of 
Ciark  hi  iIil-  ('tiurt  for  the  DJsIrirt  iif  Kas.  in  the  Diuniy  of  Illinois 
arcorvling  li>  the  Iwsl  of  my  Knowledge  &  Ability  So  help  me  God. 

Jc  francois  Carbonneaux  fais  serment  que  Je  ferrais  e!  F.xecutcroit 
rians  l'office  de  (Greffier  de  la  Cour  pour  le  District  des  Cascakia  dans 
la  Comté  de  IHnois  suivant  mes  mîllîcii  Connoissance  cl  Suivant  Mon 
savoir  faire  ainsy  Dieu  me  soit  m'aider 

CARBONKKAtTV  Greffier 

Oyc9  Oyes,  Ojrez  This  Court  is  adjourned  till  the  26th  day  of  the 
month.    God  save  the  Commonwealth 

[TrattsiaUon.] 

You  shall  swear  that  you  will  well  and  truly  execute  the  office  of 
clerk  tu  the  Court  of  Ihe  District  i*f  Kaskaskia  in  the  County  of  Illinois 
according  to  the  best  of  your  knowledge -and  ahilily,  so  help  you  Gorl. 

1,  François  CarUonneaux,  swear  that  I  shall  do  and  execute  the 
uflicc  of  derk  of  the  Court  of  the  District  of  Koskaskia  in  the  County  of 
Illinois  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  ability,  so  help  me  God. 

CARBONNEAtrx,  Clerk. 

Oycs,  oycs,  oyezl  this  court  is  adjourned  till  the  a6th.  day  of  the 
mnnth.    God  save  the  Commonwealth. 


Ar£nt  De  Peyster  to  Thomas  Bentlev,  August  9,  1779. 

[U.  M.  91845,  f*  •4-— A.  L.  S.] 

MiCHILIMACINAC,  9*^  Aug*  I779. 

Sm, 

I  rrcdvcd  your  letter  of  the  14""  July  ycsterelay.  I  am  sorry  It  Is 
not  in  my  iwiwer(«'ith  propriety)  lo  comply  with  your  request  in  writing 
10  the  General  giving  him  my  opinion,  and  transmitting  His  lixcellency 
copies  of  my  letters  to  L"^  Gov*  Hamilton,  umnked. 

M''  Hamilton  assured  mc  that  he  sent  copies  of  my  Letters  to  General 
Carleton.  For  my  part  I  must  acknowledge  I  never  cou'd  Icam  any- 
thing to  your  disadvantage.  I  arrested  you  in  consequence  of  repeated 
Letters  from  M*"  Hamilton  who  I  assured  at  the  time  I  sent  you  to 
Detroit  that  if  Bcaumcr  was  your  acaiscr,  he  bore  a  very  bad  Character 
and  was  much  in  debt  to  you. 

I  remember  your  telling  me  that  you  had  not  the  necessar>-  papers 


TODD  TO   FLEMING,  AUGUST  18,  1779 


109 


with  }'ou  or  you  wou'd  soon  prove  your  Innocence  to  M'  HamiltcMi 
which  I  most  sincerely  wish  had  been  in  your  power. 
I  am,  Sir, 

Your  most  olwd*  h^'"  serv' 

A'.  S.  Dk  Peysteb. 
M'  Tho»  Bektley. 

{Addressed:]   M'  Tho»  Bentley  Merch»  Montreal. 
[Endorsed:]   Letter  £rom  Major  dc  Peyster  lo  M""  Bentley,  ç*""  Aug* 

1779. 


JoBN  Todd  to  Wiluau  Flbmznc,*  August  tS,  1779. 

[DraLper,  MSS..  23J103.  —  A.  L.  S.] 

Kaseaseia,  i8th  Aug*  1779 
Deax  Col., 

This  letter  is  my  third  to  you  since  I  left  you.  If  I  knew  what  you 
expected  in  the  military  way  from  this  Quarter  I  could  tcU  whether  no 
news  vf^  \x  thought  good  or  bad  news.  If  your  Hopes  are  not  raised 
higher  than  mine  you  arc  pleased  that  we  have  no  news,  Wc  were 
induced  tocxpcct  an  Expedition  against  D'£troit  in  Expectation  of  men 
by  Col.  Montgomery,  &  e\-en  afler  he  failed,  Wc  had  hopes  from  the 
Kentuckians:  but  I  believe  the  campain  is  now  over  &  dividing  the 
Regiment  properly  will  be  the  next  Business.  When  I  left  Col  Clark 
He  seemed  desirous  to  ealablish  a  Garrison  upon  the  Ohio  either  oppo- 
site the  Falls  on  this  Side  or  at  Fort  Missiac  near  the  Mouth  of  the 
Cherokee  Riwr  —  But  he  has  not  force.  Are  you  pray,  Sir,  or  not 
raiùng  an  army  fur  the  Mississippi  ?  If  Government  is  not  active  in  it 
already,  This  back  Country  will  Iw  lost.  The  Procectlings  of  the 
British  Troops  below  alarm  u»  with  Reason.  They  will  so  secure 
themselves  in  a  short  time  that  I  fear  we  shall  not  be  able  to  displace 
them.  If  the  possession  of  the  Ohio  Waters  arc  of  any  service  to 
the  united  States  it  is  lime  to  enter  the  List  &  dispute  the  Domination 
of  the  Mississippi  —  The  sooner  the  better. 

■  Witliam  Flrniingwataf  Enjlbti  antniry.  Hi*  «du  ntlon  «i«  bolb  cUMiatl  tad  •dcntl&c.  Bm 
gndkutnj  (ram  Ihe  riuilial  itriiuunail  <il  the  Univcnliy  uj  Fdinlmriih,  and  entend  the  army  ■>  a  nir^ 
Boa  Het>rv«d  in  Wasbi«i(ion'i  reniinm*  duHni  Uk  Kmic)>  ^mil  Imltm  War.  and wu lain apuiii 
U)  CuliKiri  SlcpbEn"*  re«imc»i.  Hcmanird  AniieChrbtuii  in  iitM  niiil  •cIiIm  «a  ■  larm  io  Au^uaU 
CouDty,  \1niiiia,  and  rtmoTtd  to  i;«e  to  MmcoOMry  C^uctf .  lit  mrllcitnlAl  in  itvf  Duninnrc't 
Wai.and  wuwDundcdai  thrtiaiij»«if  Potiu  ncûanl-  )|pwuinincTfnr>t  In  ihr  I^onl<«'l)(4m■pdu^ 
IncthcRcTdilliiifwrr  War.wudalctmator.anrlMTrelnnthctiriTj'tnuncil  in  1781.  Twice  be  ktvoI 
a>  ooounlHlonrt  in  iwtiln  (uni)  li^ln  and  public  acccnwu  tv(  foii.  p,  tij)  Rrtnia  man  ht*  M  tha 
nbfnnccnnrmiiiin  of  Viiifiiiia  fur  ittr  (nlrr^I  uxailiuliai)-  Rf  dinirriiin  the  renilis  of  Itir  wmisda 
RC^vMlat  Pulni  Mmunl,  un  Atvuit  (4.  tm-    A<hpt«d  Itom  ThwaitM Aixd  EaHagi,  Dimmer^t 


tto 


ILLINOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Col  Rogers  is  here  on  his  way  to  Fort  Pitt  with  some  Goods  the 
property  of  the  State  much  damaged.  I  have  been  urging  him  lo 
leave  the  Bateaux  to  his  Officers  S:  go  strait  dovm  by  Land  to  W^'burg. 
The  present  form  of  Government  here  seems  as  yet  productive  of  no 
great  Inconvettiencics  &  may  remain  till  the  May  session  only  continu- 
ing the  Act  (  &  apropos)  raising  my  sallary  so  that  1  may  be  able  to  keep 
two  Horses.  If  by  serving  the  pubtick  I  shall  be  obliged  to  sell  my 
small  possessions  at  Kentucky  to  support  myself.  My  Country  ought 
to  blush  for  the  Victory  vdll  be  mine.  I  can  live  poor  &  proud  here- 
after in  private  Live,  notwithstanding. 

I  wish  you'd  tell  me  how  M''  Machieval  advises  to  keep  up  the 
Indian  Interest  with  out  Goods,  either  to  give  or  Sell.  The  fear 
of  Col.  Clark  &  his  500  men  has  hltheno  terrified  them  Bui  (Quere) 
will  not  ihey  shortly  find  out  ihat  he  has  not  joo?  I  ought  to  have 
Blankets  &  Siroudings  for  ihem  before  Winter  if  possible.  Mr.  Lind- 
say's commission,  if  he  succeeds,  will  not  purchase  half  enough  for  the 
Indian  nations  bordering  upon  us.  I  wish  some  Gentleman  of  Busi- 
ness would  undertake  the  Matter  with  further  powers' 

Pray  give  me  .some  account  of  Affairs  in  your  part  of  the  World  If 
you  do  not  I  must  ride  &  see  m}'seir  I  begin  to  think  I  cannot  be  pre- 
pared to  render  to  my  Masters  a  satisfactory  account  of  the  Country 
before  the  next  Spring  —  when,  or  sooner,  1  hope  to  see  you 

I  prefer  Kentucky  much  to  this  Country  either  for  the  ambitious 
man  the  rclJreil  farmer,  or  the  young  merchant. 

Will  Government  continue  to  neglect  strengthening  the  Falls  of 
Ohio?  If  they  will  not  do  something  I  believe  I  shall,  supposing  that 
through  a  multiplicity  of  Business  they  leave  it  to  me. 

Remember  me  to  Col  Christian  &  family  Mr  I^ockhart  &  his  the 
Mays  &c  Wth  Respects  lo  Mrs  Fleming  &c  I  am  D'  Col  with 
sincerity 

Your  most  Obed  Hbl  Scrv* 

Jn"  Todd  jr 

PS.     Mr  Madison  sent  me  an  army  commission  1  w^  rather  he  bad 
kept  it,  as  it  is  of  no  use  to  me. 
{Addreised:]      To  Col.   Will.   Fleming  Sraalor  for  the   District   of 

Botetourt  &c 


GIRAULT  TO   MAGISTRATES,  AUGUST  24,  1779  m 

John  Todd  to  tiie  Magistrates  or  the  Coubt  at  Kaskaskia, 

August  a3,  1779. 
[K.  MSS— A.  L.S.J 

Mr  J  Chulcvillc  Guaitlian  of  some  Minors  Suitors  in  the  Court  of 
Kaskaâkia  prays  upon  thçîr  account  that  iheir  Tryal  be  deferred  a  few 
days  lo  be  better  prepared  as  also  to  have  a  full  Court. 

Uis  demand  has  the  appearance  of  Justice  &  I  recommend  the  Case 
of  the  Minors  to  the  Court  who  ought  be  always  Iheir  Guardiajis. 

The  other  party  may  at  any  time  have  a  Special  Court  for  this  Tryai 

when  bolb  parties  shall  t>e  prepared  by  full  Court 

To  the  Court  lo  consider  upon  &  do  Justice 

JnTodd 

renvoyé  a  Mercredy  Prochain  et  les  Parties  sont  a^intics 

Cërré.  Carbonneaux,  Greffier 
[Endorsed:]  Onlrc  de  M'  todd  Pour  rassembler  La  Cour  pour  terminer 
Les  affairs  d'Entre  les  M"  Charicville  et  [cllier  du  23'"'^  Anusl  1779. 

[Tramlation.] 
Postponed  to  Wednesday  nesl  and  the  parties  have  been  notified. 

Cerré.  Carbonneaux,  Clerk. 
[Endorsed:]  Order   of  Mr.  Todd  lo  reassemble  the  Court  to  it-rminate 
the  case  between  MM.  Charle^HlIe  and  Tcllier.    August  23,  1779 

Jean  Gïraoi-t  to  the  MActSTRAXES  op  the  Coitrt  at  Kaskaskia, 

August  a4,  1779. 

[K.  MSS.—  A.  L.  S.i 
A  La  Cour  Respectable  du  District  des  KaskasJcias 
Messieurs, 

C'est  a^-cc  une  Mortification  bien  ParticiUierc,  que  Je  voit  execcr 
dans  ce  village  JoumeUem^  des  Choses  bien  nuisible  au  Repos  Public 

[Tramlation.] 
To  the  Honorable  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaslcaskia. 

GE>fTLEUEV: 

It  is  with  a  very  peculiar  mortification  that  I  sec  taking  place  daily 
in  this  ^nllagc  thing»  so  harmful  to  public  quiet.     My  surprise  is  indeed 


TI3 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


ma  surprise  est  grande  que  mi^ssicurs  1rs  Map'strais  pcnnetlcnt  que  des 
maisons  qui  nt;  Cause  que  du  D:ingvr  a  tous  [es  habttanls  et  est  une 
nuisacc  [iiVJ  publique,  suhaitc  [.Ttc]  dans  le  Coeur  dun  Village 

Je  vous  prcns  Messieurs  tous  a  Témoins  des  Choses  qui  sonts  Jour- 
nellement Commise  chez  le  nommd  Jarret,  qui  ne  ce  Contente  point  de 
Trafflqucr  de-S  Lïquers  cni\Tantcs  a  toutes  sortes  de  Personnes,  sans 
reserve  et  sans  permission  mais  qui  permet  aussjr  que  les  Personnes  qui 
sont  Ivre  Chez  luy  tire  et  décharge  frequcmcnt  des  Coups  des  fusils 
dont  les  Balles  passent  travers  des  Cours  et  même  des  maisons  de  plu- 
sieurs des  habitants  qui  sont  situé  auprès  de  cette  Malheureux  Maison, 
d'où  ils  ont  déjà  tué  et  Blessé  des  annimaux  et  il  est  a  Craiadte,  sy  cela 
Continue  que  des  Personnes  j  Passeront  voila  Pourquoy  Messieurs  je 
pence  qu'il  est  de  mon  devcnr  de  vous  le  Représenter  et  a.  vous  iuy 
mettre  arret  Gikault 

Vu  La  requdc  cy  dessus  et  des  autres  parts  La  cours  deSands  au 
nommées  Guy  Gtranl  de  vendre  a  lavcnir  de  ce  Jour  Des  boissons 
Enyvrantes  sans  une  permission   Expresse  du    Gouvernement   sous 

great  to  see  that  the  magistrales  aflow  to  exist  in  the  TCry  heart  of  the 
village  houses  which  are  a  source  of  danger  to  the  iiihahitanls  and  which 
constitute  a  public  nuisance. 

I  call  all  you  gentlemen  to  witness  the  things  which  lake  place 
daily  at  the  house  of  one  named  Gerard,  who  is  not  salisfieil  with  selling 
intoxicating  liquors  lo  all  sorts  of  persons,  without  restraint  and  without 
permission;  but  who  also  permits  the  jM^rsons  who  are  drunk  at  his 
house,  lo  show  and  discharge  guns  frequently,  the  bullets  from  which 
pass  through  the  yards  and  even  the  homes  of  several  of  ihe  inhabitants 
who  live  near  to  this  fatal  house;  and  animals  have  aln^^ady  been 
killed  and  wounded,  and  it  is  to  be  feared  that  if  this  continues  that 
persons  will  fare  in  like  manner.  This  is  the  reason,  gentlemen,  why 
I  think  it  is  tny  duty  to  inform  you  of  this  and  your  duty  to  put  a  stop 

(O  it.  GlRAULT. 


In  view  of  the  petition  abow  and  on  the  other  side,  the  Court  forbids 
the  named  Guy  Gerard  to  sell,  from  this  day  forth,  any  intoxicating 
drinks  without   an  express  permission  from  the   government  uader 


MONTGOMERY  TO  INHABITANTS,  AUGUST  ao,  177g      iij 

Peines  s'it  y  Contrevient  d'être  Chasse  de  ce  village  et  sil  est  prou\-d 
que  les  personnes  qui  ont  bu  chez  le  dît  de  Gerard  ont  caus<5  quelque 
dommages  nous  l'en  rendrons  responsable  Donné  En  la  Cours  du  dis- 
trict des  KasKasKias  Laudîence  y  tenant  Par  Extraordinaire  Dans 
la  Quatrième  année  de  la  republique  de  Virginie  Le  25  aoust  1779 
soit  signifié  audit  Gerard 

Cerré  Cakbonneaux,  Greffier 

1"  exption 

signifient:  a  Gerard 
[Entlorsed:]  Requête  du  Procureur  de  L'Etat  contre  les  traiteurs  D  Eau- 
devie. 

[Translation.] 

penally  thai,  If  he  disobey,  he  aball  be  expelled  fmm  the  Wllagc;  and, 
if  il  is  pru\'ed  that  the  persuns  who  have  drunk  at  the  home  of  the  said 
Gerard  have  caused  any  damage,  we  shall  hold  him  resfHmsiblc  for  it. 
Given  in  the  Court  of  Ihe  District  of  Kasltaskia,  in  t^iecial  session,  in 
the  fourth  year  of  the  Republic  of  Virginia,  August  35,  1779.  I>ct  the 
said  Gerard  be  notiûed. 

Cekré  Carboneaux.  Clerk. 
First  copy  served  lo  Gerard. 
[Endorsed:]  Complaint  of  state's  attorney  against  traders  In  eaudevte. 

John  Montgouery  to  the  Inbabitants,  August  ao,  1779. 
[K.  MSS.— L.  S.] 

Aux  Messieurs  Habitants  des  Kaskaskias 
Messilurs, 

Jusqu*  a  present  la  manière  de  pronnirer  des  Farrines  &ca  pour  la 
subsistance  des  Troupes,  ayant  été  bien  Embarasscntc  tant  pour  nos 
Commissaires  que  vous  mCme,  crainte  qu'il  n'en  arrive  quelques  desa- 
gréement  Je  scray  Charmé  d'y  porter  remède, 

[Tramlation.] 
To  Ihe  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia. 

iESrLSMF.S  : 

The  manner  of  procuring  flour  etc,  fur  the  maintenance  of  the 
troops  having  been  very  embarassiog  as  much  for  our  commissaries 
as  for  yourselves,  up  to  the  present  time,  and  fearing  that  some  mîs- 
understaading  may  arise,  I  shall  be  charmed  to  find  a  remedy. 


m 


«.LTNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


La  Troupe  que  Ic  Gouwrncmenl  de  Virginitf  a  envoyé  icjr,  pour  la 
Surcli'  cl  [irolerriim  du  Pays,  ne  Pcul  de  Passer  de  cetle  article,  mai* 
II*  entcTwlcnt  tn  \cs  .-lyani  bien  Satifaire  les  Personnes  qui  les  Fournirons, 
voita  pourquoi  Je  recommande  a  Chaque  Citoyens,  de  se  porter  a 
Fournir  Librement  et  avec  bonne  Volunté  sa  part  de  denrée,  s'est  a  dire 
sa  Portion  selon  son  Pom-oîr  &  Capacité. 

La  Providence  vous  ayant  accordé  une  bonne  Récolte,  sans  douttc 
pour  vous  facilliicr,  a  Supplier  aux  demande  de  vos  Protecteurs,  pour 
agir  en  Ixin  Citoyen  votre  Subsistance  doit  premièrement  être  mis  apart 
ensuite  Celle  de  la  Garnison,  et  s'il  en  reste  s'est  alors  que  L'on  doit 
L'appliquer  au  Commerce,  maïs  ses  deux  Premiers  Besoins  doivent 
toujours  être  les  Premiers  qui  sont  fournis. 

car  vous  dcvés  penser  que  sy  la  Rareté  se  trouve  Trop  grande,  ce 
Printemp  it  nous  faudra  partager  la  Soufrance  Pour  y  Porter  remède 
Je  me  Propose  de  Nommer  et  appointer  un  des  Messieurs  Citoyens 
pour  Contracteur  qui  Poura  remplir  cette  charge  avec  beaucoup  Plus 
de  Satisfaction  qu'un  Etrager  [sic],  comme  il  ConncMtra  tous  les  Mess' 
du  Pais  et  leurs  Capacité. 

[Translaiion.] 

The  troops,  that  the  govcmmcot  of  Virginia  sent  here  for  the  surety 
and  protection  of  the  country,  are  not  able  to  do  without  this  article,  but 
they  intend,  upon  receiving  Ihe&e  provisions,  to  give  good  satisfaction 
la  those  persons  who  will  furnish  them.  It  is  for  this  reason  that  I 
recommend  tu  each  citizen  to  make  an  effort  to  furnish  freely  and  with 
good  will  bis  share  of  provisions,  that  is  to  say  his  portion  according  to 
his  power  and  means. 

Providence  has  granted  you  a  good  crop,  doubtless  to  make  it 
caster  for  you  to  supply  liie  requirements  of  your  protectors.  In  order 
to  act  as  good  citizens,  your  susti-nance  should  be  laid  aside  first  of  all, 
iheti  thi»  for  the  garrison,  and  if  there  is  any  left  it  is  ([»cn  that  one  may 
use  it  in  commerce;  but  these  two  main  needs  must  alwaj's  be  the  first 
lo  be  furnished. 

You  must  remember  that  if  want  is  too  great  we  will  have  to  divide 
our  suffering  this  spring.  To  remedy  this  I  propose  naming  and  ap- 
pointing one  of  your  fellow-citizens  as  collector  who  will  be  able  to  fill 
that  position  with  much  more  satisfaction  than  a  stranger,  since  he  will 
know  all  the  gentlemen  of  the  country  and  their  respective  means. 


MONTGOMERY  TO  INHABITANTS.  AUGUST  20,  1779      115' 

La,  Plaiute  de  L'Invalidité  des  Argents  J'espère  iic  durera  pas  long 
temps,  mais  en  attendant  Je  tiuis  Certain  que  lou»  btm  Patnollcs  ce 
porteruns  a  facillitcr  la  Garnisons,  voyant  que  depuis  tant  d'annâïs, 
lousleursCompatriuttesfonLla^ercet  se  Battent  puur  ce  mCmc  argent. 
et  pour  remédier  a  la  difioilti!  qu'a  causé  les  argents  (.'onlrefaît,  des 
Lettres  d'Echange  Seront  donnée  piiur  toutes  Esjicce;»  de  fournitures. 

Jespere  Me&sieuni  ((ue  \'o\i^  Agirés  dans  cette  Circumstaiice  en  Bon 
Citoyen,  porté  pour  L'intere-jt  de  la  Juste  Cau.sc  de  L'ameri^ue. 

Je  suis  Avec  Kesiwct  et  Kstime 
Messieurs  Votre  Très  Hble  Serv* 
John  Montgomery 

aux  Ka.skaskia  ce 

ao™  Auusl  1779. 
[En<lorsril:\     Demander;  du  Colonel  Montgomery  aux  habitants  des 
Kaskaskias  du  30*"'  May  [sic]  1779 


[Transiaiion.] 

As  to  tbe  coDiplaial  of  the  worthlessness  of  tbe  money,  1  hope  that 
will  not  last  long,  but  while  wailing  I  am  sure  that  all  good  patriots 
will  endeavour  to  ease  the  garrison,  seeing  tbat  for  so  many  years  all 
their  fellow-countrymen  are  waging  war  and  lighting  for  that  same 
money.  And  to  remedy  the  difficulties  that  the  counterfeit  money 
has  caused,  letters  of  exchange  will  be  given  for  all  sorts  of  goods. 

I  hojw,  gentlemen,  that  you  will  act  in  this  matter  as  good  citizens, 
animated  in  behalf  of  the  just  cause  of  America.  I  am  with  respecl 
and  esteem,  gentlemen, 

Your  very  humble  servant, 

John  Montgomery. 

Kaskaskia,  August  30,  1779. 
\Endorsed:\     Demands  of  Colonel  Montgomery  upon  the  itibabitauts 
of  Kaskaskia  on  May'  [Augustj  ao,  1779. 

'Siorr  II  Eh  nut  iikHy  rhul  tuth  »  mUliikr  in  llir  ilute  «nniM  lie  mmlr  <1  tlv  llms  the  iloaiinrai 
wuTEMÏTcd,  Ihb  cndonctnmt  wu  tvobably  imctra  loii|  alicrwanl*,  aail  thr  dirfc  «  -whotrcr  fjc4 
ibc  fapm  inUrrjil  tbe  dale.    Scvo-^l  dmilu  uurt  uJ  inaUkcs  tii  rndmcmcul  lu*r  been  aulliod. 


il6 


ILLINOIS  raSTORICAL  COLLECHONS 


List  op  Contributors,  made  by  Patrick  Kennedy, 

Assistant  Commissabv,  August  31,  177g. 

[Draper  MSS„  46J1J.—  A.  D.  S.] 

List  of  Diflferent  Inhabitants  that  Cuasentcd  lu  furnish  the  Troops 

Belonging  to  the  State  of  Virginia,  agreeabk  to  u  I'alculatioa  made  by 

the  Magistrats  ji**  Aug*'  1779 

Names  of  the  Persons  &ca                         who  Paid;  Flower;    L. 

Sieur  Jautst 600a 

Ditto  Pla&y 4000  loooo 

Ditto  Charle  Charle^■iUe 6000 

Ditto  Vila]  Beauvaix Paid  5000 

Ditto  Antoine  Beauvaix d"  5000 

Ditto  Touranjour d"  aooo 

Ditto  Joseph  Brazeau d**  3000 

Ditto  Madame  delisle d"  oaoo 

Ditto  I'aguc  Lasourse d"  '100 

Ditto  Baptist  Lasourse d"  '200 

Ditto  Allixt  Beauvaix, d'*  '100 

d"  Raane d"  '100 

d"  Chalc  damn* d*  '500 

d"  Bapi''  CharleviUe aooo 

d"  Proveau '200       100 

d"  Lemieux 'loo       100 

d"  Jermin d"  *ioo 

d"  Rcneaux *SOo       100 

d*"  Bazille  Lachapelle '300       300 

d°  Fertin d"  '400 

d"  Quiquîte d"  'loo 

d"  Toulouse *ioo      100 

d"  Bienvenue  Son 1000    1000 

d"  Charlo  Lachapelle d»  500 

d*'  S'  Jem  Beauvaix d*  7000 

d"  Lonvall d*  200 

d'  Madame  Brazcauc d'  *ioo 

d"  Bienvenue  Father .' 6000 

d°  Cerré d"  4000 

Total  Pds  Flower *.. . .  .55300        1600 

1600 

Dcli\'<'  in  Store 54600  * 

'  Tbt  rtU  o(  Uic  docneMiU  b  >  tici  of  coodi  in  Modu 


L. 


A   PROCLAMATION, 


ft.  1779 


"7 


Phociamation  Conceeking  Liquor  Trafhc,  September  6,  1779. 
[K.  MSS.,  Court  KcconI,  f.  191.-^  recorded  ijeptember  7,  1779,] 
Vil  par  la  Cour  du  dislnct  des  Kaskaskîas  En  la  Counts  Dca  Illi- 
nois L'audience  y  lenant  le  vingt  cinquième  jour  du  mois  d  'aou3î  dernier 
les  representations  qu'a  fait  Monsieur  Jean  Tocd  gouverneur  civil  et 
premier  ma^strat  de  cetLe  ditie  countée  a  la  susdilte  cours  tendante  a 
reprimer  linfame  et  Illicite  Iraittedes  Liquers  Enyvraiilcs  qui  se  fait  coD- 
timiellcmcm  avec  les  nations  Sauvages,  regardée  de  tout  temps  dans 
celte  Colonie  Comme  sa  Perte  et  destruction  totale  et  générale  En  con- 
sequence La  Cour  de  ce  district  fait  1res  Expresse  deffcnce  et  Inhibition 
a  toutes  personne  de  ce  district  de  quelque  qualité  et  condition  qu'elles 
[luisscnt  être  de  vendre  ou  faire  vendre  traîtier  donner  ou  Echanger 
aux  Sauvages  nègres  ou  Esclave  rouges  aucunes  liqueurs  ou  boissons 
Enyvranies  sous  quelque  Prétexte  que  ce  soit  et  En  quelque  petite 
quantité  que  ce  puisse  £Irc  a  moins  que  les  dits  Esclaves  ne  soycnt 
[(oricurs  d'un  Billet  de  leur  maître  sous  peine  par  les  contrc^'cnans  a  la 
Présente  Proclamation  pour  la  premiere  fois  dêtre  Enprisonné  pendant 
huit  Joms  et  de  payer  une  amande  de  Vingt  cinq  Li\TC3  de  peaux  de 


[Tratiilation.] 
The  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  in  the  County  of  Hlinoîs, 
in  session  uu  the  twenty-fifth  U  August  last,  has  considered  (be  repre- 
aenlatiuus  lu  the  aforesaid  Court  which  have  been  made  by  M.  John 
Todd,  civil  goveraor  and  first  magistrate  of  this  county,  concerning 
the  suppression  of  the  infamous  and  unlawful  trade  in  intoxicating 
liquors  continually  carried  on  with  the  savages,  which  lias  been  always 
regarded  iu  this  colony  as  threatening  it  with  loss  and  total  and  puerai 
destruction.'  Consequently  the  Court  of  this  district  makes  express 
prohibition  and  inhibition  to  all  persons  of  whatsoever  quality  and 
condition,  living  in  tliis  diiitricl,  to  sell  to,  or  cause  to  be  sold  to,  to  trade 
in,  to  give  to,  or  exchange  with,  the  savages  and  negro  and  red  slaws, 
any  intoxicating  liquors  or  drinks  under  any  pretext  whatsoever  ami 
in  howsoever  small  quantities,  unlc&s  the  said  slaves  are  bearers  of  a 
note  from  their  master,  under  penahy,  for  the  ûrst  ofTeuce  of  the  trans- 
gressors of  the  present  procJamation,  of  imprisonment  during  eight 
days  and  of  payment  of  a  fine  of  twenty-five  Ihres  in  deerskins,  which 

'ForjMBi3Arpr(K±innliinil»ueiHnColonrfCI»fli,«»m'i<.  r  ft»,  mdhy  the  C<mn  erf  CnhokU, 
/iL  But.  CoUkImm,  U.,  S7S.  «07. 


ii8  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

che\Tcuil  qui  seront  mises  En  mains  du  premier  Magistrat  de  ce  district 
pour  ilre  Employer  a  aumoner  les  Pauvres  de  ce  village  et  dûtre  chassé 
de  ce  village  honteusement  comme  parturbateur  du  repos  Public  ei 
nuisible  u  ses  concitoyens  s'il  y  rcddive. 

Deffends  Pareillement  la  ditte  cours  par  la  présente  Proclamation 
a  toutes  personnes  de  ce  District  d'achapter  ou  Echanger  des  E&daves 
aiuges  ou  noîrs  aucunes  denr^s  comme  mabis  tabac  Cochons  EËves 
patates  ou  toutes  autres  chose  que  ce  puissent  être  sans  que  les  dits 
Esclaves  ne  soyent  porteurs  D'un  Billet  de  leurs  maîtres  signé,  portant 
permission  De  \-endre  les  dittes  deurées  et  ce  sous  les  mêmes  peines 
que  dit  cy  dessus, 

La  ditte  cour  Enjoint  a  toutes  personnes  de  ce  Distrîa  de  tenir  La 
main  a  la  présente  proctamolion  et  celles  qui  aumnt  connolssance  de 
quelques  contrevention  contre  icelle  de  les  declarer  a  faute  par  elles  de 
ne  le  pas  faire  de  subir  les  mêmes  peines  cl  amande  que  dit  cy 
dessus. 

Sera  la  présente  proclamation  lutt  Publiée  affichée  et  Enregistrée 
au  Greffe  de  ce  district  a  seule  an  que  personne  n'En  puissent  prétendre 

[Translation.] 
fine  shall  be  paid  into  the  hands  of  the  first  magistrate  of  this  district 
to  be  employed  as  alms  for  the  poor  of  this  village;  and  (hoac  found 
guilty,  if  the  offence  is  repealed,  shall  be  driven  in  disgrace  from  this 
villafje  as  disturbers  of  the  public  peace  and  barmful  to  their  fellow- 
citizens. 

The  said  Court  likewise  forbids,  by  Che  present  proclamation,  all 
persons  of  Ibis  district  lo  buy  from,  or  exchange  with,  the  R-d  or  black 
slaves  any  commodities,  such  as  com,  tobacco,  pigs,  beans,  potatoes, 
or  anything  else  whatsoever,  unless  the  said  slaves  are  bearers  of  a  note 
signed  by  their  masters,  granting  permission  to  sell  the  said  commodities, 
and  this  under  the  same  penalties  stated  above. 

The  said  Court  enjoins  all  persons  of  this  district  to  enforce  the 
present  proclamation  and  those,  who  shall  have  knowledge  of  any 
transgression  against  h,  to  declare  it;  and  decrees  that,  in  case  this  is 
not  done  by  them,  ihey  shall  undergo  the  same  punishment  and  fioe, 
stated  above. 

The  pres»ii  proclamation  shall  be  read,  published,  posted,  and 
rc^sicrcd  at  the  clerk's  office  of  ibis  district  so  that  no  person  can 


DODGE  TO  LEBRON,  SEPTEMBER  15,  177g 


"9 


cause  d'ignorance  Donné  En  la  Cour  dudit  district  des  Kasicaskias 
Dans  la  Quatrième  année  de  republique  de  Virginie  L'audience  y 
tenant  le  6""  7'"*  i779- 

Signé  Cekhé  signé  CxuBONNEAtix  Greffier 
Enregistré  le  7""*  7*^*'  1779 
Carbonneadx  Greffier. 

{Translalûm.\ 

plead  cause  of  ignorance.  Given  in  Ihc  Court  of  the  said  District  of 
Kaskaskia  in  the  fourth  year  of  the  Republic  of  Virginia,  in  the  session 
sitting  September  6,  1779. 

(Signed)  CeurÈ.    (Signed)  Cakbonnea(JX,  Clerk. 
Recorded,  September  7,  1779. 
Carbonneadx,  Clerk. 


John  Dddgf,  lo  Lebron,  Sept.  15^  i779' 
[B.  M.  aia44,  f.  tia.—  Copy.] 

Fort  Duquesne,  Sept'  is***  1779. 
Mon  Cbere  Aaus, 

Cette  avec  pleasure  Que  Je  vous  fait  Savoir  appris  Je  Ette  envoyé 
&  Quebec  prisoner  Je  trouve  moyen  De  me  échapper  De  Les  Enemis 
Je  sui  arrivé  Ici  De  embas  aujourhui  ous  Je  aves  La  plaisir  De  Voye 
Le  Governor  &  Dejean  &  Lcmole  &  Le  Grand  M'  Hay  Enfin  je  sui 
&  mas  Dan  Le  Cashoua  &  Resteres  La  Jusque  a  La  Tems  Qui  le  pais 
a  fait.    Le  Spain  a  fait  Guère  Contre  Les  Englois,  Auci  Le  France  Qui 

[Translatwn.] 

Fort  Duque^ne,  Sept.  15,  1779.' 
My  Dear  Friend: 

It  is  with  pleasure  that  I  inform  you  that  after  I  was  sent  to  Quebec 
as  a  prisoner  1  found  a  means  of  escaping  from  the  enemy.  I  arrived 
today  from  Ihc  Soulh  [  ?]  where  I  hail  the  plciisuru  uf  seeing  the  Gover- 
nor, Dcjcan,  Txmotc  and  the  great  Mr.  Hay,  confined  in  irons  aitd  in 
a  dungcun,'  and  Ihcy  will  remain  there  until  peace  is  made.  Spain  has 
dccla^rcd  war  against  ihe  Knglisli,  also  France  which  Îa  going  to  join  the 

■  A  Raniluiloii  U  prioud  in  UUk.  litu.  CeUrtlivin,  six,  40$. 

'TW  vriiniul  riipT  mutt  lie  vrry  laully,  low  Ihc  French  luu  n»  ine>uiliiit-  liodtv  wiaK  Ibt 
■tint  ialontutiuB  in  bnilHb  ihm  4»j%  l»tti.    Srt  Mccad  Mm  bvlow 


MO  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Ion  Joindre  Les  Americans,  Je  vous  Envoyé  I^a  prodamatioa  De 
le  Roi  De  France  fait  a  Boston. 

Je  Vous  pris  pour  Donne  Le  lettre  Qui  j'cnvoyc  Ici  pour  monsieur 
Grcvcrdt  Si  Fisbar  fair  Que  vous  Donne  Les  letter  vous  même  Ashter 
Tous  Le  Viver  Que  Vous  pouris  Je  Spere  Vous  De  vous  Vicre  Le  Vere 
Qui  Vien  Donne  mon  Compliments  a  mon  Chcre  mere  &  Tous  le  Jollie 
fis  Qui  son  au  Detroit.  Je  suis  appris  Boir  vous  santé  avec  aun  Bon 
Voir  de  Vin.    Je  aves  Le  Honor  De  Ette  Vous  Très  Humble  Serviteur. 

JCAN  DOI>GE. 

Truc  Copy. 
^Addressed:]    A  Moksiecr  Lebkok. 

{Endvrsed:]    Copy  of  a  L«Her  £rom  John  Dodge  lo  Mon'  La  Bron 
Dated  Fort  Pitt  Sep^  ij»*»  1779. 

[Translatûm,] 
Americans.    I  send  you  the  proclamation  which  the  King  of  France 
made  in  Boston. 

I  heg  you  to  give  the  letters  I  am  sending  to  M.  Graverai  and  Visgcr. 
Sec  that  you  give  them  the  letters  yourself.  Buy  all  the  provisions 
possible.  I  hope  to  see  you  this  coming  winter.  Give  my  regards  to 
my  dear  mother  and  10  all  the  pretty  girls  in  Detroit.  Yours,  after 
drinking  to  your  health  a  good  glass  of  wine.    I  have  the  honor  lo  be, 

Vour  very  humble  servant, 

John  Dodce. 
[Addressed:]    To  M.  Lebron.  True  Cc^. 

JOBK  Dddcb  to  Pere  PoTHiEEf  Sept.  15, 1779. 

[B.  M.,  81844,  i.  1 13.  —  Copy.] 

Fort  Duquesne,  Sep*"  15, 1779. 
Mon  Chese  Pere, 

Cesi  avec  pleasure  que  je  vous  fait  savoir  appri  je  ctic  envoyé  fit 

Quebec  prisonicr  je  troivc  moyen  de  me  échapper  des  Enemy,  a  Le 

[Transiatùm.] 

Fort  Dîtooesne,  Sept.  15, 1779. 
My  Dear  Father: 

It  is  with  pleasure  that  I  inform  you  that,  after  I  was  sent  to  Quebec 

as  a  priâoucr,  I  found  a  means  of  escaping  from  the  enemy.    At  the 


DODGE  TO  POTUIER,  SEPTEMBER  15,  1779 


wi 


mem  Tcm  Jc  Savoir  Le  Savage  Ettc  oblige  pour  porcndcr  he  Castete 
Contre  Les  Amt-rican,  Je  fait  mon  Divoir,  pour  Dire  Le  Même  au  Le 
Commandant  Jc  supplia  pour  Les  Aulrc  pour  Quoi  les  aves  Consente 
De  Le  Donne  Encore  aun  (oi  pour  fare  La  pais  pour  apies  Lux  pique 
les  fem*»  &  hn  Enfans.  Jc  me  fait  Le  Honour  De  envoyé  Vou  La 
parole  de  Sa  magcstre  De  France  fail  avec  Le  Savage  an  Phîladelpbia 
&  Encore  aun  proclamation  De  le  Counte  De  Estaing  per  oïde  De  Le 
Roi  De  France. 

Je  \'ou5  Envoyé  Aun  Letter  pour  Monsieur  Le  Crose  Que  Je  vous 
prie  vous  Le  Donner  vous  même  Jc  spere  de  vous  voir  Le  Vcre  qui 
vien.     Excuses  mun  maivis  Ecriture  &  mal  Francois. 

Jes  aves  Le  Honour  de  Elle  Votre  Très  Humble  Serviteur 

Jean  Dodce. 
[Addressed:]    A  Le  Bonne  Pcre  Potie.  True  Copy, 

{Kndarsed:]    C«[>y  of  a  Icitcr  from  John  Dixige  to  Père  Pothier.         • 

Dated  Fort  Pitt,  Sep'  i$^^  1779. 

{Translathn.] 
same  time  I  know  that  the  Savage  is  obliged  (o  take  the  tomahawk 
against  the  Americans.  I  do  my  duty  in  telling  the  same  to  ihc  com- 
mandant; 1  entreat  for  (he  others.  Why  did  ihcy  consent  to  make 
peace  and  later  to  butcher  the  women  and  children?  I  have  the  honor 
to  send  to  you  the  talk  which  His  Majesty  the  King  of  France  held  with 
the  savages  in  Philadelphia,  and  also  a  proclamation  of  the  Count 
d'Estaing  by  order  of  the  King  of  France. 

I  am  sending  a  letter  for  M.  Le  Crose  which  I  beg  you  to  deliver 
yourself.  I  hope  to  see  you  next  winter.  Excuse  my  bad  writing  and 
my  bad  French,    I  ha\*e  the  honor  to  be, 

Your  very  humble  servant, 
John  Dodge. 
[Addreised:]    To  Good  Father  Pothicr.'  True  copy. 

■  Palhn  Pterrr  Fotbio  wa»a  Bdilnm  Jesuit,  wlio  tcnrdtbc Huron  minlivi  of  DrlrolKKandirldi. 
Omtrla)  tna  iim  lo  irRi-  tTii.  Hiii.  CvUnHani  rvlil.,  >jA,  n.  i>.  The  meaalns  of  (he  above 
Idtccsia  vcTT  dcnibllul.  fvc.  u  Dodcc  binudi  lar*,  no  Frmcb  la  "biul." 


133 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


John  Dodge  to  Philip  Boyle,  Sept.  i8, 1779. 
[B.  M..  91844.  f.  114.  —  Copy.I 

PiTSBUKG,  Sept*"  iS^**  1779. 
Deak  Sir, 

After  being  sent  to  Quebec  Prisoner,  I  found  mcatis  to  moke  my 
escape  from  Ihcncc  last  >pVinlcr.  I  just  arrived  from  Williamsburg 
where  I  hod  the  pleasure  of  seeing  M'  Hamilton,  Dejean,  Lamolte, 
in  IroQ3  in  the  Dungeon,  and  there  they  arc  to  remain  untill  the  War 
is  ended  ;  they  were  put  there  for  the  usage  ihcy  gave  me  at  Detroit. 

Our  Army  has  met  with  great  succès  this  Year  as  well  as  last,  our 
officers  and  Soldiers  are  in  great  Spîrrits. 

Spain  has  declared  War  against  Ivngland,  and  join'd  their  Fleets  to 
the  french.  Count  Distanguc  has  taken  several  of  the  most  valuable 
Islands  that  the  English  had  in  their  Possession. 

I  enclose  to  you  a  Proclamation  from  the  French  Admiral  &  Em- 
bassador, Minrd  Fistier  &  Elbert  Gravorat  '  is  here  and  in  good  spirrits, 
we  expect  to  sec  you  this  winter. 

I  would  rccomend  to  the  Commandant  of  Detroit  to  be  carefull  how 
he  uses  the  friends  of  the  United  States  as  he  may  hap[K;n  to  be  called 
to  an  Account  as  well  as  Hamilton. 

I  am  with  great  respect  Your  most  Obedient  and  wry  humble 
servant  John  Douce. 

[Addressed:]  To  Philip  Boyle  merch*  at  S*  Du^lu. 
[Endorsed:]  J.  Dodge  to  Philip  Boyle  at  S*  Duski,  Sept'  18'''  1779. 


John  Williams*  to  Georgs  R.  Clark,  September  35,  1779. 

{Draper  MSS..  40J7J  —  A.  L.  S-J 
KASKAi>KE,\s  FoRr  Clabk  Ilinois  Countev  Scpf  the  as'*"  1779 
Dear  Colo"', 

I  have  not  hail  an  opportunity  before  «f  Inquiring  after  you  which 
I  now  with  Pleasure  Imbracc  I  Can  Inform  you  of  M'  kay  who  Started 
from  Mishelemackanoy  with  600  troops  in  onlcr  to  Conduct  the  rebels 
as  he  Calk'd  us  U-fnrc  there  l>et1ers  in  Kannaday  (Canada]  he  had  a 
pare  of  hand  Cufs  for  Every  officer  he  left  in  the  Country  he  Received 

■  Alhtn  Gnvrni  [or  r.Ti««nd1  «m  â  diivn  of  Drtmd,  irlio  totnwl  ilu  BrtlUtldt^  pnbeUT 
atxnit Ibii  timr,  nntr Dodjiiciprclnl hlmlolH' in  IXruit  thrn <!■)>•  hcEocc irrlliBfAbleUet-  lAutt, 
p,  1*0)      la  ij»!  hd  Irfi  tbt  Amnirauui'l  rctiirord  10  Detroit.    Jttek.  Bi*.  CMtOitiH,  «U,  too. 

*  For  John  Wltlbm*.  tec  tit.  Hhl.  CaOaibmt.  11..  «1.  □.  1. 


COURT  RECORD,  SEPTEMBER  28.  1779 

a  CêrtDty  thit  you  had  maixhd  for  ddroit  Changed  bis  rooi  from  St 
Joseph  to  detroil. 

pn>v-iskons  is  very  hard  to  be  got  wiiliout  Peltry  Colo"'  Mcgomcry 
has  Contracted  for  a  quanty  of  flower  but  nothing  to  answer  the  puriK»sc 
of  an  Expedition  several  perogues  has  been  lost  from  this  place  there 
Came  in  an  indian  yesterday  told  me  he  saw  where  they  ware  killed  I 
am  afraid  our  Strenth  will  not  permit  us  to  Carr)'  on  aney  Communicft- 
tion  with  the  opost'  by  water. 

I  Received  a  line  from  Cap'  M^cartey  yesterday  he  is  well  he 
writes  to  me  that  he  has  lost  most  part  of  his  french  Soldiers  and  the 
Inhabitants  is  So  Saucey  they  threaten  to  drive  him  and  his  soldiers 
away,  tels  him  hes  no  buisiness  there  nobody  Sent  for  them  they  are 
^-ery  discontented  the  Sivil  Law  has  Ruined  them.  I  must  Conclud 
with  my  due  Respect  to  ycu  and  Remain  as  before 

JOBN   WiLUAUS 

Pray  favor  me  with  a  line  if  oppertunity  permits 
[Addretsed:]  For  Colo"  G  R  Clark  at  the  FaU&  of  ohio 


Extract  from  the  Coubt  Record,  Sept.  28  1779 
[K.  MSS.— A,  f).  S,] 
Extrait  des  registres  des  audiences  Du  District  des  KasKasKias  En 
la  Comtée  Des  Illinois 

Entre  le  Sieur  Jean  Datchunil  Di*m**»rant  au  Poste  de  sainte  Gen- 
evieve Porteur  (le  deux  Billets  a  cmire  fiiisans  Ensemble  La  somme  de 
deux  milles  huit  cent  quairevingi  trois  Livres  Protestés  a  la  Bourse  de 
Bordeaux  Consentis  tous  deux  le  troisième  Jour  du  mois  d'octobre  Mil 
sept  cent  cinquante  cinq  ordre  de  Monsieur  dacosta  Par  feu  le  sieur 

\Translattan.] 

Extract  of  the  reconls  of  ihe  sessions  «f  the  District  of  Raskaskia 
in  the  County  of  Tllinoia. 

Between  M.  Jean  Dalchurui,  living  at  Post  Ste.  Genevieve,  holder 
of  two  sight  drafts,  amciunling  logether  to  ihe  sum  of  two  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  cighly-ihree  Hires,  refused  at  the  exchange  of  Bor- 
deaux, both  of  which  were  accepted,  October  3,  1755,  to  the  onler  of 
M.  Dacosta  by  the  late  M.  Louis  Viviat.'    The  said  plainiilî  biTgs  the 

'Vncenacs. 

■lV«iaiatlauiiV!«Ul*rMrc«â4mdU  llxK  Jf.S.«.,/t«r»4  JWk.  p.  ifi^.onOtluba  )t>.ij7i. 


"4 


"nXtNOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Louis  viviat  Dont  le  Dit  Demandeur  supplie  la  Cours  de  Condamner 
le  siriir  Gabriel  Cerrt!  Procureur  cl  F-\eruU;ur  tcstamenlaire  des 
Dcmîcrcs  volont^ïsdudîl  feu  Sittur  Louis  viviat  a  payer  le  Montant  des 
dits  Billets  ainsy  que  I^s  interests  a  six  pour  rent,  Comparant  et  def- 
fendeur 

Parties  ouies  L*  Cours  a  Condamnée  ci  Condamne  ledit  Sieur 
Gabriel  Cerré  Kn  la  qualité  qu'il  agit  a  payer  audit  Sieur  Datchurut 
sans  delay  te  montant  Dca  dila  BiElels  frais  et  interests  a  six  pour  cent 
du  Jour  du  protest  a  la  Bourse  de  Bordeaux  a  m^mc  les  fonds  dudtt 
Sieur  feu  vîvial  ainsy  que  les  frais  de  la  présente  Procedure  Mandons 
fi:c  faite  et  donné  par  nous  Magistrats  En  La  Cotir  du  district  des  Kas- 
RasKias  L'audieuc-e  y  tenant  dans  la  Quatrième  ann6;  de  la  republique 
De  Virginie  le  Vingt  huitième  Jour  du  mois  de  septembre  L'an  Mil  sept 
cent  soixaiiti;  H  dix  neuf  signé  Duplasv 

Emd^  25"  farine  Carbonkeaijx  Gretfier 

\Endt>rsed:]  Sentence  contre  M'  Cerré  Procureur  du  S'  viviat  au  Pro6t 
du  S*"  Jean  Datchurut. 

(  Transiation.] 

court  to  condemn  M.  Gabriel  Ccm!,  attorney  and  CKCcutur  of  the  last 
will  anil  testament  of  the  said  tate  M.  Louis  Viviat,'  to  pay  the  amount 
of  the  said  notes  as  well  as  the  interest  at  six  [jlt  cent.  Both  parties  have 
appeared. 

The  parties  hcani,  the  Court  condemned  aniî  condemns  the  swd  M. 
Gabriel  Cerré  in  the  position  he  fills  to  pay  to  the  said  M.  Dutchurut, 
without  delay,  the  amount  of  the  said  notes,  principal  and  interest  at  six 
percent  from  the  day  of  the  protest  at  the  exchange  at  Bordeaux,  from 
the  funds  of  the  late  M.  Vinat,  as  well  as  the  cost  for  the  present  pro- 
cess. Let  it  be  ordered  etc.  Done  and  given  by  us  magistrates  in 
the  Court  of  District  of  Kaskaskia,  the  Court  being  in  session,  in  the 
fourth  year  of   the  Republic  of  Virginia,  September  aS.  1779 

[Signed]  Dupusv. 

Embodiment'  25  pounds  of  farine.  Carbo.n'neaux,   Clerk. 

[Efuiorsed:]  Judgment  against  M.  Cerré  attorney  of  M.  Viviat  îa  favor 
of  M;  Jean  Dutchurvit. 

>!.«.  in  the  Moonlt;  bill  Cll*  «aol  may  tx  nuolumeo). 


MONTGOMERY  TO  CLARK,  SEPTEMBER  29,  177g        125 


Jobs  Moinr^uEBV  to  Geosge  R.  Clabk,  September  29,  i-jyq. 

IDrmper  MSS.,  4gj74-  —  A.  L.  S.] 

Sir, 

1  Cant  not  Icll  what  to  do  in  Regard  of  Clothing  (or  the  Soldiers 
as  the  Goods  you  Wrote  lo  Me  about  is  Gon  But  I  Expect  Sir  that  you 
will  Slo}>e  Ihcm  and  1  would  Be  Glad  that  if  it  is  in  your  power  To 
Send  a  Rclefc  to  Me  for  the  Soldiers  if  it  is  ooley  As  Much  as  will  Make 
them  A  litlc  Jump  Jacote  '  and  a  pear  of  overalls  apeas  I  think  they 
Mite  Scuffle  threw  But  in  Regard  of  lining  there  are  Bad  of  But  if  I  had 
Som  Strouding  I  Could  Exchang  it  for  lining  on  the  other  Side  as  The 
have  all  Rcdey  offered  it  to  Me  I  have  Discharged  all  the  famileys  and 
The  are  about  to  Sellle  up  the  Creek  about  thirtey  Miles.' 

Sir  Agreeable  to  your  orders  I  have  pursued  in  Regard  of  James 
Buckhanan  ho  on  his  Examination  he  saith  that  his  Money  that  was 
pead  or  put  into  his  hand  to  furnish  provision  Run  out  and  that  he  was 
Compelled  to  Borrow  a  Sum  of  Mooney  after  paying  away  what  he  bad 
of  his  own  for  which  he  Sent  by  Capt  Quirk  to  purchas  a  quantity  of 
Beacon  in  wasbentun  County  But  on  Capt  Quirks  paying  for  the  Beacon 
it  was  observed  to  Be  Bad.  Capt  Quirk  delivered  up  the  Money  To  the 
Cort  the  cort  Give  it  to  Colo  Arthur  Campble  to  Send  to  the  odiies*  at 
Which  lime  Said  Cort  Sent  a  copy  of  their  proseeding  to  me.  I  amc- 
diately  Rote  to  M*"  Buckhanan  Conseming  the  Sum  of  Monney  Seposed 
to  be  Bad  by  The  Cort  to  Com  down  and  Cleare  him  Self  of  the  Charge 
lade  a  C^leanst  him  at  which  time  he  Recvd  two  Thousand  five  hundred 
pounds  More  Sent  to  him  By  the  hand  of  Mr  Malison  from  Gos'emment. 
he  then  Came  and  demanded  of  Colo  Campbel  the  sum  of  Money  in 
order  as  he  told  Me  10  Return  To  the  Man  he  Got  it  from  as  he  then 
Was  Called  on  By  Me  lo  March  for  this  place  and  if  he  did  not  Return 
the  Same  Monney  that  he  Must  Return  olhere  Money  in  the  place  — 
A  Cording  lo  his  Bargin  and  by  That  Means  lose  ihe  hole  Sum  of  Mon- 
ney as  it  was  out  of  his  power  to  Stand  a  trie!  being  then  Called  into  The 
Sarvice  of  his  Cuntrey  for  Which  Colo  Campbel  punckley  Refusd 
Seposed  lo  Be  By  the  Reaon  that  The  were  at  verence  before  and  The 
dispute  Rased  to  Such  a  hite  That  the  Came  lo  Strokes  and  I  Sepoze 
Colo  Campbel  to  be  the  informer  But  for  fere  it  Mite  Be  two  true  I 

■Tlibirlilnnentwatat  BdldaaUiiMMlie  firM  wlUenwiiCaf  Em^iah  ipttkfai  nia  ol  «ar  IMTOM- 
neucT  b  tke  Nonbwol.     lU.  Uiit.  C'tt"**'''*,  il-,  (ccomuIi  Indca  uodn  Bdlefonialno). 
■  Audiioi'k. 


136 


ILLTKOI 


Oimpclled  him  To  Give  Scficant  Security  for  his  aperenc  Be  fore  aney 
Cort  of  Juslis  if  Called.  Therefore  I  ihink  if  oppertunily  would  Admit 
it  would  Good  for  you  to  Rile  to  John  Montgomery  high  Sherif  for 
Montgomery  County  to  no  the  Ccrlcnty  as  his  letter  May  Be  dépende 
on  and  if  he  is  found  Guiltey  I  dont  wish  him  to  go  onpunishe^  Nor  Can 
I  think  of  puting  up  with  So  hcnious  a  rrime.  I  would  have  Sent  him 
aOreable  to  order  of  Govern  But  if  I  did  his  fiimiley  Must  Suffer  nor 
have  I  a  Gard  to  Sparc.  Noing  So  Much  of  the  nature  of  The  Case  as 
I  have  Role  you  It  Geii-e  Me  Sotn  Charity  to  Beleve  it  Mite  Be  onley 
Spite. 

I  have  not  had  a  man  to  desert  from  this  place  Since  My  arivel  here 
But  have  Becne  under  the  nccdsatisety  of  havein  som  of  them  whipt 
for  their  Conduct  a  munies  horn  Mr  Joins  Be  Comt  one  of  ihe  Sufferors 
ho  I  think  has  Quite  Reformed  him  But  Capt  M  Cartcy  has  had  a  good 
Meney  deserted  over  to  pancore  By  which  you  will  See  By  his  letter  no 
More  But  Remain  your  Sinccr  frcnd  and  Humble  sarvant 

John  Montcomeey 

N  B  I  Rote  the  inhabelents  a  verey  Sharp  letter  and  another  to 
Colo  Todd  But  have  Reed  no  letter  in  answer  yet  Refering  them  if  did 
if  did  [iic]  perzist  to  Peregreen  Picke  volum  the  first.  Sir  Since  I  Rote 
to  you  Conseming  M''  BuckUanan  I  thot  of  another  method  To  ûnd 
him  out  noing  where  he  laid  out  larg  somes  of  Money  Sayre  3500 
Doller,  From  Charlovcclc  3500  Dollers,  Charloveele  700  Dollcrs,  Murrey 
300  hun  Dollers  But  after  Examing  them  1  Could  not  find  one  Bad 
Bill  amunkst  the  hole  Exccp  one  7  doller  Bill  Capt  Shannon  Reed  of 
him  1500  Dolkrs  if  he  is  not  left  Ihe  falls  I  think  it  Would  Be  Good  to 
£xamen  tiiat  Som  ol  Money    Sir  I  am  your  humble  servi 

To  Colo  0.  R.  Clark  John  Mcjntgomery 

{Endorsed,  apparently  by  the  recipitiU:]  Col  Montgomery  Sep*  29*^  1779 


John  Montcoueby  to  Geoboe  R.  Clark,  October  2,  177g. 
[Draper  MSS..  «J?*.—  A.  L.  S.] 

Fort  Clark,  October  s***  1779. 
Dear  Colo, 

Since  I  Receved  your  letters  I  have  Made  a  second  Trial  in  Regard 
of  laying  up  a  Sufficant  Quanty  of  proWsion  But  it  seems  to  no  effect 
as  the  aGain  Répète  to  Me  that  them  Seh-es  and  Negroes  is  ncaked  and 


TODD  TO  CLARK.  1779 


trr 


Without  I  can  Suply  (hem  with  Goods  or  peltry  it  will  be  out  of  tbvir 
|»w-cr  to  Supply  Me  in  More  then  What  the  Already  have  promised  Mc 
which  will  not  Be  o\Tr  half  anuf  to  Supply  An  arcmcy  But  Sir  as  you 
inform  me  that  you  ha^-e  The  disposing  of  the  Good»  that  Colo  Rogers 
tuck  up  to  the  Falls  if  you  thot  proper  to  Send  a  Quantity  of  them  Back 
to  Mc  for  that  purpose  or  a  Quantity  of  dear  Skins  with  what  peltrey 
I  have  Got  from  Colo  Todd  I  ihink  it  then  Would  Be  in  My  power  to 
furnish  a  Quantity  SufBcant  for  the  Supply  of  a  thousant  Men  Six 
Months,  if  you  dont  think  proper  to  send  them  Send  Me  pertuclcr 
orders  in  Rejpird  of  leaking  it  by  force  and  your  orders  shall  be  puntkley 
olxrf  Sir  if  you  Sh  think  nf  5>ending  them  the  soon  nor  the  Belter  as  I 
have  F^hucd  a  proclamation  pmhabilen  them  to  transport  aney  pro- 
vision of  ancy  Space  what  Fver  till  Such  times  I  have  answer  from  you 
not  leting  them  know  that  There  19  ancy  Expectation  of  ancything  of 
that  kind  I  have  no  nus  to  inform  you  of  Rut 

am  Sir  with  Respect  to  you 

JOON  MONTGOMESY 

To  Colo  G  R  Clark 
\Addrtssed:\  To  G  R  Clark 


John  Todd  to  George  R.  CtAitK,  during  1779. 

(Draper  MSS.,  a^]$6.~  \.  L.  S.j 

So, 

Inclosed  are  several  Depositions  which  indicate  a  Conduct  rather 
unfriendly  in  some  Geiiilemeii  of  the  other  Side  —  You  being  so  well 
acquainted  with  Mr  Cartabona  a  Remonstrance  from  you  will  I  make 
no  doubt  be  well  recieved  by  him.  If  the  Boat  &  Crew  are  delivered 
up  [or  trial  (as  from  the  Testimony  I  think  they  ought)  the  SpanisFi 
Honour  wiii  remain  unsullied.  The  Crew  were  nearly  all  in  your 
Corps  JSi  on  the  way  to  join  they  therefore  Come  properly  witliin  your 
Jurisdiction 

1  am  Sir 

Your  Hbic  Serv» 

Jn"  Todd  j« 
[Addressed:]  G  R.  Clark  Esq.  Commander  &c  &c  &c 


JOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

John  Todd  lo  George  R.  Clahk,  Ociobcr  $,  1 779. 
[Draper  MSS.,  49J77-—  A.  L.  S.] 

KASKASCtA,  3^  Oct.,  1779. 

My  Dear  Col., 

1  lately  took  a  trip  to  Kohos  where  I  was  seized  by  a  fever  which 

reduced  Me  to  the  lowest  Condition  imiginaMe.  I  rcturn'd  last 
Night  lo  this  place  l>ut  find  myself  so  week  that  it  is  impossible  to  take 
full  advantage  of  the  present  Express  by  writing  to  W'""burg. 

I  lately  mode  a  purchase  (iho'  U|>on  Terms  which  do  not  please  me) 
of  zi,ooo  lb  Peltry  wilh  which  I  shail  always  have  it  in  my  power  to 
purchase  provision  here,  1  lliink  it  best  at  present  that  the  Troops  be 
Supplied  ulherwise.     I  w''  be  glad  of  your  Advice  herein. 

Your  B^  is  Well  —  Madame  Leyba  is  dead  —  Madam'**  Tcrese 
still  a  Maid  &c.  &c.  &c. 

II  I  could  get  an  Opp*  of  sending  you  something  good  to  Toast  your 
SwectHL-art  in  I  would  —  [lerhajis  I  may  Shortly  —  by  M""  Bowman. 

CompI"  to  Capl.  George  My  Brother  Bob  &  all  your  OfTictTS. 

I  am  D'  Col.  wilh  regard  Your  mo  Obed'  &  Hble  Serv* 

Jn"  Todd  jr 
[Addressed:]   Geo.  R.  Clark  Esq;  Col.  of  y*  Illnois  Reg*&c.  Falls  of 
Ohio. 

Pr.  Express 


John  Montgoueky  to  George  R.  Clark,  October  5, 1779. 
(Draper  MSS.,  49)78. —  A.  L-,  signature  cut  out.J 

Fort  Clark,  Ociber  5*^  1779. 
Dear  Colo, 

I  Must  Beg  liberty  to  trouble  you  With  a  ffcw  lines.  Colo  todd 
yesterday  arived  from  Cahoc  and  lo  My  Create  Surprise  Refuses  to  lei 
Me  have  ancy  of  the  pchrcy  '  he  allreadcy  promised  me.  I  Requested 
of  him  his  Reason  for  Bchcving  In  Such  a  mannor  after  Sending  word 
to  The  people  that  the  Should  have  pcltrcy  for  Everything  the  furnished 
Exclusive  of  the  Contract  the  allreadcy  Maid  with  me  leting  him  no  at 
the  Same  time  your  order»  to  Me  in  Regard  of  provision  and  the 
Quantity  of  Men  Expected  out  this  fall,     his  answer  was  that  the  Were 

'  For(unb«  etrtapoadmcr  «DtiaffoiDg  ihi»  peltry,  cooniit  Moioo,  E.  G-,  "  John  Todd  Papen." 
In  Cbicuo  Hl«i.  Sodciy'i  C«I<M*mu,  Iv^  ]]«,  m».  ukI  y*-  SUU  Paftn,  [.,  380. 


NOTICE   BY  TODD,  OCTOBKR  4,  1779 


i«9 


obliged  to  Maintain  the  Imps  at  the  Credit  of  the  States  and  that  he 
had  Another  use  for  the  peltrey  but  perhaps  if  he  Saw  an  cxpodition 
Going  oD  in  the  Spring  that  he  then  would  advance  them. 

I  tbea  toid  him  that  know  was  the  time  to  Do  it  for  if  We  Trusted  tiU 
the  Spring  it  Would  perhaps  be  two  leat  as  By  that  time  it  Cold  Not  Be 
had.  he  tb^-n  toid  Me  that  he  Would  Call  a  counsel  of  the  inhabi- 
tants and  Compel  them  to  furnish  But  when  the  Met  the  punkley 
denied  him.  he  then  told  Them  if  the  did  not  Comply  he  would  Give 
them  up  to  the  Miletcry  and  Quit  Them,  the  answered  him  the  were 
well  aGread  to  that  &  So  parted.  Know  Sir  with  what  face  Can  1 
protend  to  Seas  on  those  people  provîsio  Wbi-n  the  know  that  we  have 
Got  the  peltrey  and  will  not  Give  it  to  Them  and  our  Money  ts  of  no 
acount  to  Them  and  our  Bills  Comes  Back  protested.  The  have 
Create  Rcson  to  think  that  We  onlcy  intend  to  BafHc  them  but  Sir  you 
May  depend  that  I  will  do  Ewry  Thing  in  My  power  and  am  dctrmed 
to  have  the  provision  as  I  have  dumanrlcd  Every  Bushel  of  Every 
Space  the  have  To  Spare  pray  Sir  Send  Mc  answer  as  Soon  as  pnsiblc 
as  X  have  Got  My  hands  full  of  Busncss  and  am  Sir  with  due  Rcsjwct 
your 

Humble  Sarvant 

[JuHN  Montgomery.] 
[Addressed:]  To  Colo  C.  R.  Clark  at  the  Falls. 


NcmcK  Given  by  John  Todd,  Oct.  4,  1779. 

IK.  MSS.  —  A.  D.  S.,  by  Coûding.  Set] 
AVERTISSEMENT 

Toutes  Personnes  qui  Prcttcndcnl  propriété  a  L'emplacement  sîtné 
vers  le  millieu  de  ce  Village  tenant  du  coté  d'Ouest  a  Monsieur  Pierc 
Langlois,  et  de  L'Est  a  Moos'"  Picre  Piccard  sont  requis  de  m'en  faire 

[Transtaticti.] 

NOTICE. 

AU  persons  who  may  claim  to  own  property  in  the  plot  of  ground 
situated  about  the  middle  of  the  village,  adjacent  on  the  north  to  M. 
Pierre  Langlois,  and  on  the  east  to  M.  Pierre  Picard,  are  notified  10  set 


.1^ 


Parroitre  leurs  droil  dans  la  Cour  de  Trois  Jours,  sans  quoy  U  sers 
Condamué  pour  L'us:^^  de  la  Communauté. 

Donné  sous  ma  main  aux  KasK'"  ce  4"!"  Oclobre  1779 
Par  Oidre  de  M.  Le  Col.  Todd 

S.  S.  Gooding. 

[Transhli^n .] 
forth  ihcir  claims  în  the  court  «Hthin  three  days;  otherwise  it  will  be 
condemned  for  the  usage  of  the  cf>mmunity. 

Given  under  my  hand  at  K&ska^ia,  this  fourth  day  of  October  1779. 

By  order  of  M.  Colonel  Todd. 
S.  S.  Gooding. 


WiujAu  Shannon  to 


-.August  3,  179a. 


[Draper  MSS.  ■jôjso- — Conlctnporary  copy.] 


Sir: 


jEFfKHSON  COONTY 


I  learn  by  Mr.  Clark  that  a  bill  for  3836Î  Dollars  dated  June  5*'' 
1779  Drawn  by  me  (while  acting  as  Comms'  and  QMasler  in  the  Illi- 
nois) in  favour  oE  Capt  Linitol,'  on  Col  G.  Rogers  Clark  Is  fallen  into 
your  hand.i.  That  Bill  was  given  by  me  for  Peltries  purchased  from 
Mon"  Liiitot  &  Co  at  pancore  in  (he  Spanish  Dominions,  and  at  the 
time  I  drew  it,  I  had  Col,  Clarks  orders  to  draw  on  him  for  any  supplj*3 
purchased  for  the  use  of  the  troops  stationed  in  the  Illinoig  country,  as 
will  apjiear,  reference  being  had  to  my  orderly  book,  now  in  posMîssion 
of  the  guvenior  and  council.  The  paper  money  being  of  no  account 
these  peltries  were  bought  up,  to  establish  a  fund  to  Purchase  provisions 
for  the  Troops,  that  were  to  be  left  to  garrison  the  Illinois.  For  an 
expcdilion  was  then  proposed  by  Col.  Clark  against  Detroit.  Indeed 
part  of  the  troops,  with  the  provissions  &  Military  stores  were  then 
actually  on  (heir  march  (o  St  vincens  on  the  Waba.<ih,  where  they  were 
to  meet  those  expected  from  Kentucky,  and  to  wait  untîll  the  ballance 
from  the  Illinoi.'i  would  come  up.  However  (his  expedition  fell 
(hrough  and  there  being  sundry  bills  draivn  to  a  considerable  amount 
on  Government,  on  account  of  the  Expedition,  and  paper  money  no 
longer  being  current  in  that  country;  in  that  Col:  Clark  recommended 

■  par  hiociaphioil  cuiike  ol  G«affrey  Liociot,  Me  IB.  Hut.  CMImMmu,  IL,  101.  d.  1. 


'5» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


unLi)  the  month  of  October  or  November  ïuUowiag;  PoJQtîng  out  the 
dtHerent  depreciatioas  oï  those  bills  at  Raskaskia,  Cahukiu^i  and  St 
Vmceiiii  ill  the  riiflcrenl  months  ' —  now  before  be  could  liave  dune 
Justice  to  the  holders  of  these  bills  in  forming  his  scaJe,  he  ought  to 
have  been  jjosscssed  of  the  spirit  divination,  for  from  July  untill  No- 
vember, he  was  placed  in  a  Situation  so  remote  from  the  Illinois,  that 
he  could  not  possibly  have  the  most  distant  Idea  of  what  would  be  Jus- 
tice to  these  people.  The  truth  is  (and  I  conceive  I  am  as  well  acquainted 
with  the  affairs  of  tliut  country  la  the  year  ij-}^  as  Col.  T(Hid  »r  any 
other  person)  that  the  inhabitants  would  have  sold  their  Beef,  Qour, 
Pork  &c  to  the  Spaniards  for  as  jjreat  a  price  as  they  were  promiseil  by 
us.  The  consequence  of  their  funnshing  us,  obliged  itiL-m  to  send 
supplies  to  their  Troops  from  Natchez  country  and  New  Orleans. 
To  come  to  an  end  pleas  to  examine  the  acts  of  assembly  r<)r  the  year 
1790  where  you  will  find  an  act  passed  for  paying  William  Shannon  and 
others  a  sura  of  money  in  which  government  stands  bound  for  the  pay- 
ment of  all  bills  drawn  by  mc  and  placed  to  the  credit  of  the  slate  in  my 
settlement  now  sir  by  examining  my  books  in  possession  of  the  coundl 
you  will  sec  that  the  Slate  has  credit  for  the  bill  in  youT  hands  and  that 
the  ncrount  for  which  it  is  given  is  settled  with  the  state.  I  am  yours 
most  obd't  Servt, 

(Signed)  WiLUAM  Shannon 


Col  Clark 


Aug  3"!  1792 


CHAPTER   TV 

THE  COURT  AND  THE  MILITARY.  NOVEMBER  15.  1779,  TO  JUNE 

8,   1780. 

DiFrrcm-TiES  or  the  Militakv  —  Bkvtt^y  Escapes  fkou  Captivitï  — 
Inhabitants  Prtitiom  and  the  Coukt  Asskbts  Its  Dicjnitv  —  Letter 

KtOK    Go\tiWOE    JUTEKSON  —  Tll£    PELTKV    FUNU    ACAIN  —  MONT- 
OOHESY   ThRKATF.NS    TO    USE    FORCE  —  GlRAtTLT   COHPLAINS   OT   THE 

GouBr —  Am  Acesi  or  France  in  the  West  —  John  Dodge  REK)ins. 


John  Montcomehy  to  George  R.  Clawc,  November  15,  1779. 

[Draper  MSS„  4ç}S$.  —  A.  L.  S.J 


Deae  Cou}, 


Kaskasku  Fort  Clark,  Nov  15'"  1779 


I  no  nuse  to  impart  to  you  but  What  Colo  Todd  '  will  inform  you  but 
Sir  I  once  More  Beg  levé  to  Remind  you  of  the  desires''  Situation  our 
Soldiers  in  for  want  of  Clothing  So  that  It  Renders  (hem  in  a  maner 
ustess  and  are  deserting  dealey  and  all  by  (he  Reson  that  the  Cannol 
Ci(  aney  thing  to  Cover  their  Skins,  there  fore  Should  you  have  filo|)ed 
That  Cloth  that  Colo  Rogers  Carried  away  I  hope  you  will  Send  Me  a 
Supply  to  Remove  those  Grevena-s.  if  you  Cannot  I  Would  be  glad  la 
Receve  your  advice  how  1  Shall  proseed  in  The  Matter  as  times  is  very 
deficult  hcTC  as  ihe  look  on  our  Alonney  and  bills  to  be  of  no  More  a 
Count  then  So  Much  Blank  paper,  no  More  But  Remains  your  Verrey 
humble  Sarvant  to  Command. 

JOHn  MONTGOUERV 

\Addressed:]  To  Coro  G  R  Clark  Commander  in  Chcaf  of  the  Wcstron 
deparlmcnl.  Falls  of  Ohiho. 

VTbtt  Ictlcr  mil  tmbciUi'  cscrin)  l'y  Todd,  Kho  »a*  on  thf  pnini  a(  l«avia(f  Dlinoii  u  M£ 
liiw.  Twid  hwl  >^iimlnl  in  aliruittiait  Ibc  l-'tciitli  'iv  in-nliiin  iiixNi  tbfir  hinuchlnfl  inure  pn>- 
<riua(B  «llhoul  bnin  sroirily  thaa  befora;  Inn  by  >o  dofns  hir  hiil  vnH  plntMd  dia  mililarv  uAcm, 
«rbo  coodnutd  (i>  Hx-inl  I  o>U  t*  rc>pOM{l)le  IM  Ihc  li«tt>r<:  nltiltiilc  ul  Ihe  lolMbiUnlB.  lU.  BUk 
CMtahut,  Ij-,  p.  UiU. 


133 


Ï34 


ILLINOIS  (USTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


EXTKACT  FROU   THE   ReCOBD   UF   TBE   CoUKT   AT   KaSKASKIA, 

November  15,  1779 
[K.  MSS.— A.  n.  S-I 

Ëxtiaît  des  Registres  des  Audiences  du  District  des  KasKusKias 
En  la  Comtée  des  Illinois. 

a  une  Cours  tenue  audit  district  le  lundy  Quinzième  Jour  du  mois 
de  Novembre  mil  sept  cent  Soixante  et  dix  neuf  furent  presents  Gabriel 
Ccrré,  Joseph  Duplasy,  Jacques  LaSource  nicolos  Janis  et  aîcolas 
Lachansc  tous  Magistrats  dudit  District. 

Entre  Charles  Gogoy  démeurani  En  a;  lieu  demandeur  aux  fins 
de  LExploit  De  ce  Jour  tendant  a  ce  que  le  de/fendeur  cy  après  nommé 
Eut  a  lui  payer  La  quanliti!  de  mille  Livres  de  farine  a  lui  du  par  son 
Billet  En  dalte  du  Deux  Janvier  mil  sept  ct-nt  soixitme  El  seize  d'une 
part  et  Gerard  LangloJs  Chaqicntier  defFendeur  de  l'autre  part  Le 
Billet  reconnu  pour  du  Par  ledit  DefTendeur  et  L'Expiait  sur  date. 
oiii  Les  Parties  en  leur  demandes  et  dcffcnces  et  tout  Consîdertis  La 
Cours  dudit  district  a  Condamné  et  Condamne  le  dcffcndcur  de  payer 
au  demandeur  dans  le  delay  De  dix  Jours  daltc  dt's  Présentes  La  quan- 
tité De  mille  LiiTCs  de  farine  cL  la  dilte  Cours  la  taxée  a  tous  frais  de 


[Translailon.] 

Extract  o{  the  record  of  the  sessions  of  the  District  uf  Kaskaskia 
in  the  County  of  Illinois. 

In  a  Court  held  in  the  said  district  on  Monday,  the  fifteenth  of 
November,  1779,  the  following  were  present:  Gabriel  Cerré,  Joseph 
Duplasy,  Jacques  LaSource,  Nicolas  Janis,  and  Nicolas  Lachanse,  all 
magistrates  of  the  said  district. 

Between  Charles  Gogoy,  living  In  this  place,  plaintiff  at  the  close 
of  the  writ  dated  this  day,  to  the  effect  that  the  defendant  hereafter 
named  should  pay  him  one  thousand  pounds  of  dour  due  him  by  a  note 
dated  January  2,  1776,  on  the  one  hand;  and  Gerard  Langlois,  car- 
penter, deffendant,  on  the  other  hand.  The  note  has  been  recognized 
as  due  by  the  deffendant  and  the  writ  past  due.  Having  heard  the 
parties  in  their  petitions  and  defences,  and  having  considered  all,  the 
Court  of  the  said  district  has  condemned  and  condemns  the  deffendant 
to  pay  to  the  plaintiff  within  ten  days  from  the  present  dale,  tlie  quanlî- 
Ly  of  one  thousand  pounds  of  flour,  und  the  said  Court  charged  him 


BENTLEY  TO  HALDIMAND,  NOVEMBER,  1779  13s 

la  présente  Prcx-etlure  Mandons  &c  fait  el  donné  Ea  la  Cour  Du  DiV 
trict  des  KasKasKias  l'audience  y  tenant  le  luntly  dans  la  quatrième 
ann^  De  la  Republique  de  Virginie  le  quinzième  Jour  du  mois  de 
Novembre  mil  sept  cent  Soixante  et  Dix  neuf,    signé  Ccrré 

CARBONNEAtnt 

Greffier 
\TransIatùm.] 

with  all  costs  for  ihe  present  process,  let  it  be  ordered,  etc    Done  and 

given  in  Ibe  Court  of  Hie  District  of  Kaskaskia,  the  Court  being  in 

session  on  Monday,  in  the  fourth  year  of  the  Republic  of  Virginia, 

November,  15,  1779. 

(Signed)  Cerré.  CAiLBo>rN£Ar'x,  Cl«k. 


TnouAS  Bentley  to  Governor  Haldiuand*  Nov%  1779. 
[B.  M.  J1845,  (.  ja  — A.  US.] 

Snt: 

The  many  applications  I  have  made  to  Your  Excellency  as  well  as 
Your  Predecessor  with  proposals  to  you  both  to  give  security  in  what- 
ever manner  you  woutl  require  it  in  case  you  woud  permiJ  mc  to  return 
10  my  family  and  your  repeated  refusals  to  accede  to  my  request  left 
mc  no  altemaiivc  what  to  <lo  and  will  acquit  me  tn  the  Eyes  of  the 
WurJd  8:  I  should  even  hope  io  your  own  Breast  for  absconding  from 
the  Province.  Tics  of  the  dearest  nature  call  loudly  for  my  presence 
&  oblige  me  if  there  is  a  possibility  of  doing  it  to  join  my  family  let 
the  event  be  what  it  will. 

I  beg  leave  to  assure  Your  Excellency  that  I  do  not  go  with  any 
hostile  intention  against  Government  but  that  on  (lie  contrary  I  never 
will  bear  arms  ag*  it  but  will  serve  as  far  as  lies  in  my  power  the  friends 
of  Great  Britain  in  Distress  wheresoever  I  meet  ihem  &  endeavor  as  far 
as  can  lay  in  my  power  to  abate  inslead  of  increasing  the  horrors  of 
war  as  I  saim  to  l>c  the  means  of  rvtallialiun  upon  the  Innocent,  at  the 
same  time  all  who  have  been  the  Cause  of  my  misfortunes  I  am  deter- 
mined to  pursue  to  the  very  utmost  in  unler  to  obtain  satisfaction. 

I  beg  you  will  think  as  favorably  as  possible  of  my  leaving  this  wfhirh 
nothing  but  the  most  absolute  necessity  cou'd  have  corapell'd  mc  to, 

'  ritdaitl.naldinian't.(t'iYCtnor(it  ihtr*  nm«otQueb«froin  1778101:84  Mit  cMrttlort  al 
kllfn  Bud  diJCixnaiu.  uiii  Kim  duiïnK  ihi  mm)-  ^eiri  i>t  aclln  lite  In  Amr<it.i,  ii'r  in  1)k  Uritlili 
MiuEum  mod  \arm  an*  ol  lh«  moal  valiuMc  coUkIiou  at  lourCM  oo  Aniaicui  (olimt*!  atul  iinilu- 
Hooary  Uuorr.    J'o*  1)1*  Die  wc  KioRiiDnl,  W.,  Uitti»y  «f  Conuta,  v^mtt  Mf . 


136  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

for  it  was  not  possible  for  me  to  remain  here  any  longer  tvilhout  being 
supported  which  notwithstanding  my  repealed  a|)plicalians  you  refuaed. 
I  have  been  long  a  burthen  to  my  friends  who  arc  but  ^Try  few  in  this 
Counlrj*  where  I  am  in  a  manner  a  stranger  &  lis  not  lo  be  wonderd  at 
that  I  shou'd  find  myself  every  day  slill  more  and  more  neglected 
bereft  as  I  am  of  making  them  the  least  recompence  whatever. 

I  am  unhappy  that  I  shou'd  be  drove  to  this  extremity;  but  neces- 
sity has  no  Law  &  lel  the  Consequence  be  what  it  will  it  is  a  Justice 
I  owe  to  myself  and  all  my  Connections. 

I  have  the  Honor  to  be  Your  Excellency's  most  obedient  &  very 
h^'i"  Servant  T.  Bentley 

Montreal  ] 

Novem^    \  '"' 
\Addressed:] 

To  His  Kxcellcacy  Frederick  Haldimand  Evy  Governor  of  the 
Province  of  Quebec,  Genera!  Commander  in  Chief  of  Hts  Majesty's 
Forces  in  Canada  at  Quebec. 
[Endivsed:]  1779.    From  M'  Bentley,  Nov"".,  Rec*'.  ao**". 

Protest  op  Ivhabitan-ts  to  M'akisthates,  December  8,  1779. 
fM.  C,  T.  MSS.'— AuMied  Copy.] 
\  Mes.<tieurs  Les  Magistrals  du  District  des  Kaskaskias. 
Messieurs 

C'est  a.  voua  En  qui  Nous  avons  mis  noire  Confience  Et  que  nous 

[TramlaltOH.] 
To  the  Magistrates  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia. 
Gentlemen: 

It  is  in  you  that  we  have  placed  our  confidence  and  it  U  you  whom 

t  itrmtfi  CMltliam.  Tw  Jimta  Mmtuuritli.  TW*  ■!*  ilntrnwd  In  tU.  JTitf.  C<dlt1io»i,  ii„ 
dlL  Slaee  «11  Uicw  MS.S.,  cUlnj  l.tdntc  .\(>nh,  i  ;Hr.  were  lo  lie  kdi  lo  VirtloU.  tbtr  <nr*  prwpcrty 
alieued,  w  MIowt: 

"  A  coi»  conf ormLiw  to  Ute  wlaiu^  which  i«  «lepotlKd  •!  the  dcrk*»  .>(ricr  in  (he  Diatiid  of  Kafka*- 
kia  la  tb«  t^ntr  of  llluio».  and  driiv«nd  by  ui,  (he  nndmiffiiiN)  dirk,  thli  Ghh  dajp  of  Mar^  one 
IbouMDd.  Kvcn  Dundred  aM  eichlT-one.  CarbooiiaiM, 

"I.  Richard  Uliutiin,  Elujiiicr.  Orpuly  IJeuIcaaat.  Ovil  Otn-cmor,  anil  CammaiKkuil  of  the 
CouniyoFlhe  iniDqlt.nc-i*c.  «<c-,  Cmilytoall  tavhoraîtmarccmcfnilhjil  M.  Pr»n;of> Carbonamu 
whaluutruiunbcalncopi'nl  th<'pnilicin,abavranilon(lir'0[hrT  ^i^l^.i^cl<Iko[lllC  DJsKJclof  KukukU. 
and  Ihal  faltb  tbould  brpl^tcnl  m  thcdocumeDisnrhichhe  tiicntiii  tlui  oilicc.  In  wiint»  whvtni(w« 
hale  ■isnoJ  in  oui  Budiiiicr  cfaamhn  at  Easkaikia.  Ibeatvmin  of  March,  one  tliuiuiml  snm  hundrnl 
and  dibiy-«D«.  Richard  WiniloB, 

I>cpat}  tiaiUtiaiii  Ooircmor." 

Th(  original  li  In  FMnch,  o[  «rhlch  the  abore  to  a  lltcnJ  tnuUtlon.  The  dntat  oF  copiinc  th« 
nrioiu  documeaia  nry  oolr  a  tew  dar*-    Sanwol  WlnitDn'*cotkficalcaaT«dBl«d  lulaiEas  Ua<r  j. 


A  PROTEST.  DECEMBER  8.  1779 


137 


* 


avons  Elus  pour  Gouverner  ce  pais  soutenu  des  loix  que  vous  nous 
avffs  fail  annoaçer  dans  votre  Greffe,  Ii^t>il  bientôt  temps  Que  vous 
metiiîs  ordre  aux  brigandages  Kt  a  la  tyrannie  que  le  militaire  Exerce 
sur  nous  tous  les  Jours?  ne  deveroil-il  jjas  Être  content  De  voir  que 
nous  nous  privons  du  pure  nécessaire  Pour  sufTir  à  leur  subsistance  Et 
que  toutes  les  fournitures  que  Nous  avons  faites  a  L'Etat  n'a  pu  Servir 
n'y  a  L'Entretient  de  nos  familles,  n'y  de  nos  Esclaves,  de  qui  Nous 
ne  jxiuvons  tirer  aucun  service  dans  une  saison  aussy  dure?  Pouvons- 
nous  d'un  oeil  tranquille  voir  assomcr  [su]  Devant  nos  yeux  voir  assom- 
mer tous  les  Jours  Les  animaux  les  plus  ni'scc&saiR^s  a  l'agriculture  Et 
aux  autres  traveaux. 

Vous  avf*s  un  moyen  sur  Mcaaeurs  Pour  arrêter  de  pareils  diîsor- 
dres  mais  nous  ne  Pouvons  nous  addresser  qu'a  \'ou3?  pour  nous  faire 
voir  quelque  lueur  de  cette  Liberté  qui  nous  a  été  tant  de  fois  annoncée, 
où  vous  êtes  de  Concert  avec  ceux  qui  nous  tyranissent  En  nous  otant 
Les  moyens  de  ^-îvre  Et  a  Eux  aussy;  nous  ne  Croyons  pas  qu'il  Soit 
nécessaire  de  vous  rapporter  dans  celte  présente  le  Sujet  de  nos  Plaintes 
puisque  tous  les  GriefTes  se  sunt  passif  De%'ant  vos  yeux. 

[Translation.] 
we  elected  to  govern  this  country  supported  by  llie  laws  which  you  caused 
to  be  announced  to  us  in  your  office.  Is  it  not  high  time  that  you  were 
putting  a  stop  to  ihe  brigandage  and  tj-ranny  that  we  arc  enduring  at 
the  hands  of  the  military  from  day  to  day?  Ought  not  the  military  to 
be  satisfied  in  seeing  that  we  are  depriving  ourselves  of  the  very  neces- 
sities of  life  in  order  to  contribute  to  their  maintenance  and  (hat  all 
the  supplies  that  we  have  made  for  the  slate  have  contributed  nothing 
either  to  the  maintenance  of  our  families  or  to  that  of  our  sla%-C3,  from 
whom  we  can  get  but  very  little  service  in  such  a  hand  season? 
Can  wc  see,  withoulbeingmovcd,  the  animals,  which  are  most  necessary 
for  agriculture  and  other  labors,  killed  every  day  before  our  very  eyes  ? 
You  haw  a  sure  means,  gentlemen,  to  stop  such  disorders;  but  we 
can  come  only  to  you  in  order  that  you  may  show  us  a  glimpse  of  that 
liberty  which  has  been  so  many  times  promised  to  us;  or  are  you  In 
agreement  with  those  who  arc  oppressing  us  by  taking  from  us  as  well 
as  from  themselves  the  means  of  existence?  Wc  do  not  think  that  it 
is  necessary  to  enumerate  in  this  letter  the  subjects  of  our  complaint 
since  all  these  evils  have  been  committted  before  your  very  eyes. 


ijS  Il.UNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

En  outre  ^-ous  devés  vous  appcrcevotr  Mess**  Que  la  disette  de 
vivre  commence  a  se  mettre  dan»  le  pais  Et  qu'a  peine  pouvons  nous 
sLiflir  a  ta  subsistance  de  ceux  qui  véritablement  méritent  La  ration  par 
leur  service  sans  être  obligé  de  nourir  Et  chauffer  des  membres  Inutiles 
a  L'Etal,  vous  dcvés  demander  un  Elal  Exact  des  Rationnaires  Et 
lorsque  la  troupe  aura  besoin  «'addresser  a  vous  Messieurs  pour 
leurs  faire  Délivrer  ce  qui  sera  Juste. 

De  plus  Taiies  attention  Messiuers  qu'il  n'y  a  Dans  ce  nllage  que 
dix  maisons  peuletre  qui  Peuvent  faire  remises  Et  que  l'on  crois  Encore 
plus  Riches  qu'elles  ne  sont. 

Nous  vous  portons  plaintes  Meswcurs  Contre  un  homme  qui  est 
commis  Sans  doute  Pour  demander  du  Bois  de  chauffage  que  nous  ne 
Connoissons  que  sous  le  nom  de  Gendron,  celt  homme  commande  En 
Mailre  et  parle  aux  habitans  comme  a  des  lisclaves. 

Nous  somme  ni^s  libre  Messieurs  et  nous  voulons  Jouir  de  la  liberté 
de  veritable  citoyens  il  devcroîl  se  conformer  a  ses  supérieurs 

Vous  devés  aussy  observer  Messieurs  que  ce  villages  a  suppoHé 
tout  le  fardeau  et  la  dépense  depuis  L'arrivée  de  Messieurs  Les  amcr- 

[Translalion.] 

Besides,  you  must  be  aware,  gentlemen,  Ihal  scarcity  of  food  is 
beginning  to  be  felt  all  over  (he  country  and  that  we  can  barely  fumi&b 
a  subsistence  lo  those  who  truly  deserve  rations  on  account  of  Iheir 
services,  without  being  obliged  to  nourish  and  keep  warm  men  usele&s 
to  the  state.  You  should  a»k  for  an  exact  account  of  those  to  receive 
rations;  and,  when  the  troops  shall  have  need  of  something,  they  should 
address  themselves  lo  you,  gentlemen,  so  that  you  may  cause  to  be 
delivered  to  them  that  which  will  Ix:  jusl. 

Furthermore,  remember,  gcnttcmen,  that  there  are  in  this  village 
perhaps  nn  more  than  ten  houses  that  arc  able  to  maltc  contributions 
and  these  arc  thought  to  be  richer  tha.n  they  really  are. 

Wc  are  making  complaint,  gentlemen,  against  a  man  who  was 
commissioned,  no  doubt,  to  ask  for  fire-wood,  a  man  we  know  only 
under  the  niame  of  Gcndron;  this  man  gives  commands  as  a  master 
and  speaks  to  the  inhabitants  a.<i  lo  slaves. 

Wc  are  frcc-bom,  gentlemen,  and  we  wish  lo  enjoy  the  liberty  of 
of  true  citizens.     He  ought  to  submit  lo  his  superiors. 

Vou  should  also  note,  gentlemen,  that  this  village  bos  borne  all  the 


A  PROTEST,  DECEMBER  8,  1779 


t39 


iquaina  Et  que  lea  autres  ne  se  sont  Scnita  de  rien  où  très  peu  Noua 
Ksperons  que  vous  voudras  ks  faire  contribuer  comme  nous  a  la  sub- 
sistance àe  U  troupe  puis  qu'ils  sont  plus  En  Etal  que  nous  suivant 
leuri  uoDibrc. 

nous  avons  L'honneur  d'être  avec  respect 
Messieurs,        Vosircs  humbles  Et  très  obéissant  serviteurs 
KasKasKia  le  8  X^"  1779. 

signé  sur  la  minutes  Brazeaux,  a.  Morin,  Godin,  Jean  Baptiste  Beau* 
vais,  antoine  Bcauvais,  Lonval,  Bienvenus  fils,  P.  Demisscaux,  Pré- 
vost, fr.  corcet,  une  croix  pour  marque  de  Joan  laruS,  une  ditto  pour 
marque  de  pierre  Dumont,  une  Ditto  pour  marque  de  Baxilc,  une 
ditto  i>our  Marque  de  forlin  Joseph,  une  ditto  pour  marque  De  Jacques 
devegnais,  une  ditto  pour  marque  de  racine,  une  ditto  pour  marque 
de  Germain,  une  ditto  pour  marque  de  Gagnf,  une  ditto  pour  marque 
de  la  chapelle,  une  ditto  pour  marque  d'antoine  Renaud,  Biaise  Baru- 
telle,  une  croix  Pour  marque  de  Paul  Rcaunic,  une  ditto  pour  marque 
de  Jean  baptîstc  taumur,  une  ditto  Pour  marque  de  charlcs  de  Lisle  Et 
une  ditto  Pour  marque  de  Joseph  Crcly. 


\Translitiion] 
weight  and  expense  since  the  arrival  of  the  Americans,  and  that  the  other 
villages  have  fell  the  burden  very  little  or  aul  at  all.  We  hoj>c  ibat  you 
will  see  iit  to  mali.e  them  contribute,  us  wc  do,  to  the  muiutenance  of  the 
troops  since  they  are  in  tx;tter  condition  tu  do  so  in  proportion  to  their 
numbers.'    We  have  the  honour  to  be  with  respect,  geatlctnen, 

Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servants, 
Kaskïskia,  December  8,  i7;g. 

Signed  on  the  minutes,  Brazeaux,  A.  Morin,  Godin,  Jean  Baptiste 
Bauvais,  Antoine  Bauvais,  Lonval,  Bienvenu,  Jr.,  P.  Dcsruisscaux, 
J*revosl,  Fr.  Corset,  a  cross  for  the  mark  r>f  Jean  Larue,  ditto  for  the 
mark  of  Pierre  Dumonl,  ditto  for  the  mark  of  Bazile,  ditto  for  the  mark 
of  Joseph  Kortin,  ditto  for  the  mark  of  Jacques  Uevigiiais,  ditto  for 
the  mark  of  Racine,  ditto  for  the  mark  of  Germain,  ditto  for  the  mark  of 
Gagné,  ditto  for  the  mark  of  La  ChaiJclle,  ditto  for  the  mark  of  An- 
toine Keneaux,  Blaise  Barulel,  a  cross  for  the  mark  of  Paul  Keaumc, 
ditto  for  the  mark  of  Jean  Baptiste  Taumer,  ditto  for  the  mark  of 
Charlcs  Delisle.  and  ditto  for  the  mark  of  Joseph  Creilley. 

■  TI1Ù  hial  ^ta  akcn  end  Colonfd  John  MunirxnRir  nu<l«  tp^'iatha  tu  CaliokU.    tU.  UiA 
CalkcMnu  li.,  j}. 


I40 


ILLINOIS  msrORICAL  COLLECIIONS 


The  Macistjiates  to  John  Montgomerv,  December  B,  1779. 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.— Atlotcd  Copy.) 

A  Jran  M*  Gomcry  Kcuycr  Lieutenant  Colonel  du  Regiment  des 
Illinois  commandant  au  fort  Clark 

La  Representation  des  magistrats  du  district  des  KasKasKîas. 

Sur  les  representation  qui  nous  ont  Eté  faitte  par  Le  [icuplc  de  ce 
district  des  griefs  dont  nous  sommes  témoins  occulaires  nous  nous 
Croyons  tndisijcnsablcmcrit  ol)tigd  de  Les  Soutenir  dans  leur  droit 
Suivant  La  Loy  et  declaration  de  droit  de  la  virginîe. 

Nous  vous  prions  MONSIKUR  de  vouloir  Considérer  que  depuis 
que  les  troupes  de  lestai  Sont  arrivés  en  ce  pays  ec  village  Seul  a  foumy 
Leur  Subsistance  pour  laquelle  ce  quils  en  on!  retiri;  na  jias  proeuré  a 
leur  donner  le  moindre  Sccour  i)oiir  IcntrutiVnl  de  leurs  families,  ce 
n'est  point  un  Esprit  de  Jidousîe  qui  nous  coniluît  Monsieur,  Lorsque 
nous  vous  parions  des  autns  villages,  mais  nous  ne  Croyons  pas  Juste 
que  ce  district  Siiportc  Seul  tiiutc  Le  fardeau  puisque  nous  somme» 
Certaine  quits  sont  tous  aussi  en  Estât  que  nous  à  proportion  de  leurs 
nombres. 

Nous  Espérons  Monsieur  que  vous  voudnfs  entrf!r  en  Consideration 

\TransIaliûH.\ 

To  John  Montgomery,  Esquire,  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  Regiment 
of  Illinois,  Commandant  at  Fort  Clark. 

The  remonstrance  of  the  magistrates  of  the  district  of  Kaskaskia. 

On  account  of  the  memorial,  madrlousby  ihc  people  of  the  district, 
of  the  wrongs,  of  which  we  ourselves  arc  eye-witnesses,  we  consider 
ourselves  indispensably  obliged  to  support  ihem  in  their  right  according 
to  the  law  and  "Declaration  of  Rights"  of  Virginia, 

Wc  beg  you,  sir,  to  rcmcmljcr  that,  from  the  lime  the  (roops  of 
the  state  arrived  in  this  country,  this  village  alone  has  furnished  tbetn 
their  subsistance,  and  that  the  pay,  which  they  have  received  for  it,  has 
in  no  way  given  succor  fnr  the  support  of  their  families  It  is  not  a 
spirit  of  jealousy  which  animates  us,  sir,  when  we  speak  of  the  other 
villagi's,  but  we  do  not  ihink  it  just  thsit  thisdislrict  alone  should  bear 
alt  [he  burden,  since  wc  are  certain  that  they  arc  all  in  as  good  a  condi- 
tion as  we  urc  in  proportion  to  tbcir  numbers. 

We  hope,  sir,  that  you  will  consider  the  wrongs  that  the  troops  are 


L 


MAGISTRATES  TO  MONTGOMERY,  DECEMBER  3,  177g      141 

des  torts  que  la  truu[K!  fait  k  ce  village  en  tuant  indifïerament  un  boeuf 
de  CharUe  &c  a  celuy  qui  nu  [xnit  sen  passer,  cummunt  ce  mtme  hab- 
itant pourra-lil  faire  ses  irauvaux  et  fournir  a  la  tryLi|>c  les  bois  et  autres 
Choses  necsàsairc  nous  vwus  Croyons  lro[i  Juste  Monsieur  pour  penser 
que  vous  ayé  donné  de  pareille  ordres  ce  qui  fait  que  nous  vous  prions 
doidonnér  a  ce  que  La  troupe  ne  Cummittenl  docesnavanl  pareils 
desordres. 

Vous  ne  trouvères  pas  Etrange  Monsieur  de  vous  observer  que 
quantité  de  personnes  non  Sriilemenl  Blancs  mais  encore  Esclaves, 
tirent  des  Rations  qui  ne  leurs  Sotil  pas  diics  ce  qui  absorbe  Lhabîtant, 
nous  avons  toujours  pensé  que  Vos  troupe  Ëtoîent  Sur  le  même  pied 
des  troupes  réglées,  c'est  a  dire  qu'un  feu  peut  Suffire  au  moins  pour 
neuf  hommes,  mais  non  pas  Comme  a  présent  où  deux  personnes  font 
la  dépense  en  bois  de  neuf  ou  dix,  tandis  que  d'habitant  se  retranche  et 
se  Gcsnc  a  n'avoir  que  deux  feux  celuy  qui  en  avoît  quatre  pour  pouvoir 
sulBrc  au  besoin  de  la  troupe. 

Puisque  nâtrc  devoir  Exige  que  nous  VcîUons  h  Ja  Conservation 
publique,  et  en  même  (cms  à  la  bonne  armonlc  qui  suit  Régner  parmi 

[Trattilaiion.] 
doing  to  this  vn'llagc  liy  killing  indisrriniiiiately  plow-<jxen  etc.  belonging 
to  individuals  who  cannot  do  wilhout  ihcm.  How  will  these  same  citi- 
zens be  able  to  do  their  work  and  furnish  to  the  troops  wood  and  other 
things  necessary  ?  Wc  consider  you  too  Just,  sir,  to  think  that  you  could 
have  given  such  orders;  wherefore  we  beg  you  to  order  the  troops  not 
to  commit  such  outrages  henceforth. 

Vou  will  not  consider  it  out  of  îhc  way,  sir,  if  we  call  to  your  attention 
that  a  number  of  people,  not  only  whites  but  also  slaves,  are  drawing 
rations  to  which  they  are  not  entitled  ;  a  thing  which  exhausts  the  settlers. 
We  have  always  thought  that  your  troops  were  on  the  same  footing  as 
the  regular  troops,  that  is  to  say  that  one  fire  could  suffice  for  at  least 
nine  men,  but  not  as  at  the  present  time  when  two  persons  use  as  much 
wood  as  nine  or  ten,  while  the  inhabitant  retrenches  and  incomodes 
himself  by  ha^^ng  only  two  fires,  when  he  used  \o  have  four,  in  order 
that  he  may  supply  the  wonts  of  the  troop. 

Since  our  duty  requires  that  we  should  watch  over  the  public  welfare 
and  al  the  same  time  over  the  good  harmony  which  must  reign  amongst 
oil,  we  ask,  sir,  that  henceforth  the  troops  be  given  no  power  to  take 


■  43 


ILLINOIS  laSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


tous  Dous  Demandons  Monsieur  que  Dorcstiavant  La  troupe  n'aille 
poinl  d'autorité  prendre  Chifs  rhabilant  ncn  que  cc  puisse  Estre  sans 
un  urUrc  de  nous  Suivant  Lartide  i ^  de  la  declaration  de  droit  de  las- 
semblée  de  Virginie  Laquelle  assemblée  nous  a  autorizé  pour  maiateair  le 
peuple  du  pays,  dans  toute  leur  droits  et  Libertés,  Comme  il  est  dit  qu'en 
tout  Cas  le  militaire  doit  Kstre  sous  la  plus  exacte  Subordination  et  Gouv- 
erné  du  pouvoir  CivUle  à  laquelle  declaration,  Jusqu'aujourd'dhuy  le 
militaire  n'a  fait  aucune  attention. 

Nous  Espérons  Monsieur  i^ue  vous  voudra  faire  aitention  aux 
Justes  n.'pre8ciilalLuns  que  nous  avons  l'honneur  de  vous  faire  Sans  que 
nous  ayons  le  desagremeni  d'estre  obligé  de  nous  poun-oir  a  Son  Ex- 
cellence le  Gouverneur  et  a  L'honorable  assemblée  de  Virginie 

Ce  Sont  Les  Sentiments  avec  Lesquelles  nous  avons  L'honneur 
destre  avec  ResjK-cl 
Monsieur  Vostres  humbles  el  très  obéissants  serviteurs 

signez  DrpLEssY  J.  LaSoukce 
LaChance  Jaxis 
Plus  bas  Rien.  Winston  Comm*"* 

fort  Clark  le  8  x^"  1779 


I  Transtatiûn,] 

from  the  home  of  the  inhabitants  any  thing  whatsoever  without  an  order 
from  us,  according  to  Article  13  of  the  Declaration  of  Rights  of  the 
Assembly  of  Virginia,  which  Assembly  authorized  us  to  maintain  the 
rights  and  Iilx:rty  of  the  people  of  the  country.  Therein  it  is  said  that 
in  all  cases  the  military  must  be  under  the  most  exact  subordination  lo 
and  governed  by  the  civil  power,  lo  which  declaration  up  to  the  present 
time  the  military  has  paid  no  attention. 

We  trust,  sir.  that  you  will  give  careful  consideration  to  the  just  re- 
monstrances which  we  have  the  honor  to  make  to  you  without  it  being 
our  painful  duty  to  be  obliged  to  appeal  to  his  Excellency  the  Governor 
and  to  the  Honourable  Assembly  of  Virginia. 

These  are  the  opinions  with  which  we  have  the  honor  to  be  witb 
respect,  m.    Your  humble  and  very  obedient  servants, 

(Signed)    Dctplasv.  J.  LASOtnnrx. 

Lachanse         Jakis. 
(Lower)  Rich.  Winston,  CommandatiE. 
Fort  Dark  December  8,  1779. 


JtKFERSON  TO ,  JANUARY  aS,  17B0 


Ul 


GovEUioa  JcrrEBsON  to  [}obx  Todo?),  Jaouaiy  38,  1780. 
[Dnpcr  MSS.,  50J5  —  Ccpy] 

W»sBciic  Jan'  28**  1780 

Sm, 

By  Col°  Legraâ  I  have  wrictcD  to  Col*>  Qatke  fully  as  to  the  military 
aSairs  in  tbe  Western  department.  Amoog  «ber  tbingi;  I  have  ad- 
\-jged  faini  to  withdraw  to  tbe  Eastern  &ide  of  the  Ohio  alt  tbt*  funxs  ttOt 
absolutely  necessary  to  sustain  the  Spirits  of  tbe  Iitbal»iaats  of  tbe 
Illinois,  and  loi  tbeir  real  defence. 

This  necessity  has  been  inferred  by  the  impossibilily  ut  our  support- 
ing an  armed  furie  where  our  paper  money  is  not  nirmii.  Wc  have 
no  hard  money  among  us,  and  are  not  aiUe  to  establish  in  Europe  funds 
suÛident  to  doatbe  and  arm  our  soldiers.  This  puis  it  out  of  our  power 
Lo  pay  hand  money  Debts  with  bills,  and  renders  it  necessary  to  press 
you  to  purchase  nothing  bej'ond  the  Ohio  which  can  be  done  without, 
or  which  may  be  got  from  the  Eastern  side  where  paper  money  will  pay 
for  it. 

The  establishment  of  a  post  at  tbe  mouth  of  Ohio  which  will  take 
place  this  summer  will  be  a  convenience  to  the  Trade  of  the  Ulioois 
and  near  enough  to  furnish  them  and  Should  any  tribe  of  Indians  commit 
hostilities  against  them,  Col**  Clarke  will  of  course  take  on  him  the  war, 
and  endeavour  lo  chastise  them.  We  are  in  hopes  you  arc  endeavouring 
lo  introduce  our  Laws  and  form  of  Govcmnieni  among  the  people  of 
Illinois  as  far  as  their  temper  &  disposition  will  admit.  I  am  satisfied 
of  the  diSiculiies  attending  this  and  the  address  necessary.  We  wish 
fur  their  own  good  to  give  them  full  participation  of  the  benefits  of  our 
free  and  mitd  Oovernmenl.  It  is  also  essentially  necessary  that  all  who 
are  parts  of  y*  same  body  politic  should  be  governed  by  the  same  laws: 
and  the  time  to  Introduce  this  ideniity  of  laws  with  least  inconvenience 
lo  ihcmselves,  is  while  they  are  few.  Nothing  else  can  so  perfectly 
incoriK)rate  tlicm  into  the  general  American  body. 

I  fmd  that  y*  Justices  of  tbe  peace  appointed  among  tbcm  expect  lo 
be  paid,  this  not  being  the  practice  under  our  laws,  there  is  no  pro- 
WsJon  for  it.  Would  it  not  be  expedient  to  restrain  these  appointments 
to  a  very  small  number,  and  for  these  (if  it  be  necessary)  to  require  small 
contributions  ehhcr  from  the  litigants  ur  Ihe  people  at  large,  as  you  &nd 
would  be  most  agreeable.    In  time  1  suppose  even  this  might  be  discon- 


1*4  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

(inuLtl.  The  Clerks  &  Sheriffs  perhaps  maybe  paid  as  with  us,  only 
convertingTohaccnfcfsinto  ihcîr  worth  in  pcllrj*.  as  to  the  rules  olde- 
dsioTi  &  modes  o(  proceeding  Ï  suppose  ours  can  be  only  gradually  in- 
Iroduccd.'  Il  would  be  well  to  get  their  Militia  disciplined  by  calling 
ihcm  regularly  together  arroiding  to  our  usage,  however  all  this  can 
only  be  recommendod  to  your  Discretion. 


Governor  Jefferson  to  George  K.  Clark,  January  29, 1780 
[Draper  MSS.,  39JS-17,  copy  in  haticiwnting  of  Mann  Butter.] 

Whs.burg  Jan  39'''  1780 

SiK, 

VouT  letters  o£  October  36'''  &  38^^  and  Novr  6***  came  safely  to 
hand,  and  lastly  thai  of  August  34*'^,  I  am  glad  the  proposition  of  estab- 
lishing a  post  at,  or  near  the  mouth  of  ohJo'  is  likely  to  answer  as  well 
in  practice  as  to  us  who  judge  on  theory  only,  it  seemed  likely  to  do. 
I  have  therefore  written  to  Mess'^  Walker  and  Smith,  as  you  will  see 
by  the  Enclosed  coppy  of  my  letter  to  them,  to  lake  observations  of  the 
Latitudes  thereabouts,  that  we  may  proceed  on  the  surest  grounds,  you 
will  pleas  to  furnish  Assistants  guards  and  all  necessaries.  I  expect 
the  description  of  the  cliffs  &c.  will  be  so  minute,  as  that  when  you  sec 
them,  you  will  know  them  in  the  Plat,  and  of  course  know  their  Latitude. 
The  choice  of  your  ground  for  your  fort,  must  be  left  to  your-sclf.  It 
should  be  as  near  the  mouth  of  Ohio  as  can  be  found  fit  for  Fortification 
and  within  our  own  lines,  some  attention  will  be  Proper  also  to  the 
circumjacent  grounds  at  [as?]  it  will  Probably  become  a  Town  of  im- 
portance. The  nature  of  the  defensive  works  and  their  extent,  you  will 
accommodate  to  your  force.  I  would  recommend  great  attention  to 
the  wood  of  your  stockades,  that  it  be  of  the  most  lasting  kind.  From 
the  best  information  I  have  had,  I  take  fur  granted  that  our  line  will 
pass  below  the  Mouth  of  Ohio,  Our  purchases  of  the  Cherokecs 
hitherto  have  not  extended  southward  or  westward  «f  the  Tennessee; 
of  course  the  little  tract  of  country  between  the  Mississippi,  Ohio,  Ten- 
nessee &  the  Carolina  line  (in  which  your  fori  will  be)  is  still  to  be  pur- 
chased from  them  before  you  can  begin  your  work  ;  to  effect  this,  I  hav« 
written  to  Major  Martin,  our  Cherokee  agent,  of  which  letter  I  enclose 

>At  tint  ihira  wnu  to  haw  b«tn  Mme  attempt  ic  introduc»  En^isJ)  modci  of  pnxrdiiTv. 
but  gndttatl/  th*  Pirncti  mudn  ptcvillfd- 
"Fort  Jeflmoo. 


JEFFERSON  TO  CLARK,  JANUARY  39.  1780 


145 


you  a  copy.  If  tbe  oew  fort  should  fall  within  this  territory,  and  it  cati 
be  purchased,  wc  may  grant  lands  to  settlers  who  will  fix  round  about 
the  fort,  Provided  (he  .assembly  should  approve  of  it,  as  from  ils  rt'asim- 
ableness  I  think  they  will.  The  manner  in  which  the  lota  of  land  are 
laid  off  about  the  French  villages,  I  have  thought  very  wise  and  worthy 
(if  imitation.  Perhaps  besides  guarding  your  promises  of  lands  tu 
settlers  with  the  condition  above  mentioned,  It  would  be  well  to  add 
also,  the  mode  of  laying  ihem  off. 

I  send  you  recruiting  insiructiona  for  having  your  Battalion  filled 
up  with  men  to  be  enlisted  for  the  war,  as  Ï  wish  to  a\*oid  any  on  any 
other  terms.  Your  instructions  for  recruiting  which  was  communicated 
to  us  by  some  of  your  Officers  in  ihc  fall,  wc  took  in,  and  gave  them  such 
as  are  now  sent  you,  Instead  of  bounty  money  I  send  you  three  hundred 
Land  warrants  for  five  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land  each,  which  at 
forty  pounds  Ihc  hundred,  Iwing  the  Treasury  price  amounts  to  the 
bounty  allowed  by  law  :  —  these  we  think  mere  likely  to  induce  men 
to  inlist  than  the  money  itself.  I  also  send  you  twenty  four  Blank 
Commissions  which  will  be  necessary  to  othcer  eight  companies,  Ihc 
present  plan  of  the  Continental  Army  having  that  number  in  a  Baltal- 
lion,  and  a  Captain  Lieutenant  and  £uâign  only  to  each  company.  The 
officers  of  your  ËuUaUion  when  Commissioned  will  stand  on  a  footing 
with  the  oiHcers  of  the  other  state-Bat talUous.  The  stale  of  the  Public 
finariL-cs  uhtiged  the  !ale  Assembly  10  reduce  very  much  their  military  es- 
tablishment from  what  they  had  proposed  at  their  session  in  May^lhcy 
discontinued  raising  both  the  La.stcrn  tiatiallioii*^  and  one  of  the  Wes- 
tern, so  thill  there  will  be  one  Ballallion  only  to  send  to  you,  to  which  is 
to  be  annexed  Major  Slaughters  hundred  men,  who  have  already  marched 
as  I  Expect  fur  the  falls  of  Ohio.  I  wish  that  one  BatiaJlion  may  be 
raised  in  time  m  join  you  in  the  spring.  Very  few  returns  having  bteii 
made  to  mc,  I  ran  not  say  what  number  is  raised,  probably  not  more 
than  half.  However,  whatsoever  numlier  may  be  raised  by  that  time 
shall  march  as  soon  as  ihe  season  will  admit.  By  them  we  will  send 
such  stores  as  to  us  occur  to  be  netsssary,  such  as  powder,  Lead,  âînls, 
hoes,  axes,  saws,  f^ml^l^ts,  nails,  hammers,  augers,  drawing  knives, 
Trows  and  cam|)  kuitlcs.  If  llu're  be  any  other  ariiclcs  tjccessary  I 
must  get  you  lo  write  to  me  on  the  subject,  also  10  settle  the  Ih-sI  route 
of  sending  those  articles  hereafter.  There  being  no  guards  to  be  had, 
but  militia  for  conveying  them  from  the  frontiers,  and  no  dépendance 


M6 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


on  tx^ccttng  miliiia,  can  not  you  point  out  to  us  some  place  on  the  fron- 
tiers, whrre  they  may  safely  tie  lodged  from  lime  to  lime,  and  from 
wlicrc  you  can  send  for  them  with  a  jtropcr  escort  ?  I  would  wish  you 
also  to  inform  mc  to  what  [x>st  I  shall  order  the  Battallion  which  U  lo 
join  you.  Wc  received  letters  from  M""  Pollock,  in  the  fall  informing  o! 
our  debts  at  New  Orleans,  and  his  distresses.  Wc  had  juat  taken 
measures  by  shipping  Tobacco  to  France  to  procure  necessaries  for 
our  Army.—  having  nn  other  means  of  rcleaving  M""  Pollock,  wc  were 
obliged  to  give  him  drafts  on  Franrc,  which  look  the  whole  of  thai  fund, 
and  has  distressed  us  exceedingly.  The  demands  of  Cot"  Legras,  and 
Capl"  Lintot  '  coming  on  us  now,  and  it  being  impossible  to  rais  hard 
money  to  discharge  them,  wc  arc  utterly  at  a  loss  what  to  do  with  ihem, 
indeed  we  shall  not  be  able  lo  determin  them  absolutely  as  to  the  sum 
wc  shall  pay  Ihcm,  till  we  know  from  you  what  proportion  of  the  Dollars 
for  which  they  ha»c  drafts  were  expended  at  the  dcpricatcd  prices,  or  in 
other  words  till  wc  know  from  you  what  sum  in  bard  money  would 
reimburse  their  advances  for  which  your  drafts  on  us  were  made  which 
we  should  be  glad  j'ou  would  inform  us  of  by  the  &rst  opportunity,  and 
send  a  duplicate  by  some  second  conveyance.  The  difficulty  ol  answer- 
ing demunds  of  hard  money  renders  it  necessary  for  us  to  Contract  no 
debt»,  where  our  paper  is  not  current.  It  throws  upon  us  the  tedious 
and  perplexing  operation  of  in\'csting  i>apcr  money  in  Tobaco;  finding 
transportation  for  the  Tobaco  to  France;  repeating  this  as  often  as  the 
ilangers  uf  captures  render  necessary  to  ensure  the  safe  arrival  of  some 
part,  and  negotiating  Bills,  besides  the  expensive  train  of  Agents  to  do 
all  this,  and  the  delay  il  occasions  to  the  orditer.  wc  must  therefore 
recommend  to  you  to  purchase  nothing  beyond  the  Ohio,  which  you  can 
do  without,  or  which  may  be  obtain»!  from  the  East  side,  where  our 
paper  is  current.  1  am  exccetlingly  glad  you  arc  making  such  timely 
prnvlsiuns  for  your  nejit  years  subsistence.  A  commissary  for  the 
western  Department  was  appointed  in  the  fall  with  orders  to  purchase 
prmnsions  on  the  frontiers  for  one  Battallion,  his  instructions  shall  be 
enlarged,  and  a  notification  sent  him  lo  comply  wilb  requisitions,  besides 
this,  wc  leave  to  your  self  to  Commission  M'  Shannon  to  act  as  com- 
misary  of  Purchases  Issues,  Stores,  Quarter  Master,  or  whal  ever  else 
you  may  find  him  useful  in.  I  suppose  you  will  employ  him  principally 
about  the  posts  while  the  one  acting  on  the  frontiers  will  be  providing 

t  EvbJcnlly  Mtil  la  VIrfinU  ■■  tf»lÈ  ol  die  tlllnoi*  atikan. 


L 


JEFFERSON  TO  CLARK.  JANUARY  39.  1780 


'47 


• 


thereabouts.  We  shall  use  all  our  endeavinirs  to  Tumish  your  men  with 
necessary  Cluttiiiig  but  long  experience  renders  it  proixrr  tn  warn  you 
thai  ibe  supplys  will  [bcj  precarious,  yuu  cannot  therefore  Ik  too  atten- 
tive to  the  Providing  them  in  your  own  quarter  as  far  as  Skins  will 
enable  you  Lu  do  it  —  in  short,  I  must  onifidc  in  you  to  take  such  care 
uf  the  men  under  you  as  an  Kconoinical  house  holder  would  of  his  ovm 
family, —  doing  K\-cry  thing  within  hiraseU  as  far  xs  he  can,  and  calling 
for  as  few  supplies  as  |H>asible.  The  Less  you  dc|jend  fnr  supplies  from 
this  quarter  the  less  will  you  [be|  dLsap|>oinled  by  ihasc  impediments 
which  distances  and  a  precarious  foreign  commerce  throws  m  the  way, 
fur  these  reasons  it  will  be  eligible  lo  withdraw  as  many  of  your  men  as 
you  ran  from  the  west  side  of  the  Ohio,  leaving  only  as  many  men  as  will 
be  necessary  for  keeping  the  fllinois  sfrltlements  in  spirits,  but  we  musl 
accomodate  oyr  measures  f<»r  doing  this,  to  our  means.  Perhaps  this 
Idea  may  render  doubtful  the  expediency  of  employing  your  men  in 
building  a  fort  at  Kaskaskia  —  such  fort  might  perhaps  be  necessary 
fur  the  settlers  to  wnthdraw  into  in  lime  of  danger  but  might  it  not  aliwi 
render  a  surprise  the  more  dangerous  by  giving  the  enemy  a  means  of 
holding  a  settlement  which  ilherwise  they  could  only  distress  by  a  sudden 
viat  and  be  obliged  to  abandon.  ^  Of  this  you  must  be  ultimately  the 
judge.  We  appro%-e  vcrj-  much  of  a  mtld  conduct  towards  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  French  Villages.  It  would  be  well  to  be  introducing  our 
l^v/i  lo  their  knowiedgt--  and  to  impress  them  strongly  with  the  advan- 
tages of  a  free  government  —  the  training  of  their  militia,  and  getting 
into  subordination  the  proper  officer»  should  be  particularly  attended 
to.  We  wish  them  to  consider  us  as  brothers,  and  to  participate  with 
us  the  Ixmcfits  of  our  rights  and  laws.  We  would  have  you  cidtïvatc 
Peace  and  conlial  friendship  with  the  several  Tribes  of  Indians,  (the 
Sbawanoes  Excepted)  Endeavour  that  those  who  are  in  friendship  with 
us  live  in  peace  also  with  one  another,  against  those  whom  arc  our 
Enemies  let  loose  the  friendly  Tribes.  The  Kickapoos  should  be  en- 
couraged against  the  hostile  Tribes  of  Chickasawg  and  Choctaw»,  and 
the  others  against  the  Shawanocs.  With  the  latter  be  cautious  of  the 
tcanns  of  Peace  you  admit,  an  c\'acuation  of  their  Country,  and 
removal  utterly  out  of  interference  with  us  would  be  the  most  satisfac- 
tor)'.  Ammunition  should  be  furnished  gratis  to  those  Wiirriors  who 
go  actually  on  expeditions  u^ainsl  the  hostile  Tribes,  as  lo  the  English 
not  withstanding  their  base  Example,  we  wish  not  lo  Expose  them  to 


T4E 


)IS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Ihc  inhumaniticrs  oî  ii  savage  enemy.  Let  this  reproach  remain  un  tbcm  ; 
hut  for  our  schfs  wc  would  not  liavc  out  iiatiunul  character  tanii&bed 
wilh  such  a  Practice  —  If  indeed  they  slrikc  the  Indians,  these  will 
have  a  natural  right  lu  (luniiJi  the  aggrcssiuns  and  we,  none  to  hinder 
them.  It  will  then  lie  no  act  of  ours  —  but  to  invite  them  to  a  Parti- 
d[)ation  of  the  War,  is  what  we  would  avoid  by  all  jxisslble  Means.  If 
the  i>iglish  would  admit  them  to  trade,  and  by  thai  means  gri  those 
wants  supplied  which  wc  cannot  supply,  I  should  think  it  right  Pnividcd 
they  require  from  them  no  tearms  of  departing  from  ihcir  neuturalily.  if 
lhcy[d<)]  not  ])ennil  this,  I  think  the  Indians  might  be  urged  lo  hnak  ofT 
all  rnresiMindenre  with  them  to  forbid  their  Kmissarics  from  romcîng 
among  them  and  lo  send  ihrm  Id  you  if  lliey  disregarded  I  he  prohibition  : 
It  would  lie  well  to  communicate  honestly  to  them  our  present  want  nf 
those  articles  nwr^sjiry  for  ihcm  and  our  inability  lo  ^e]t  them,  to 
cnrmirage  Ihcm  lo  struggle  with  the  difficulties,  as  wc  do  lill  Peace, 
when  ihey  may  be  confidently  assured  we  will  spare  nothing  lo  put  our 
Trade  on  a  comfortable  and  just  footing,  in  the  mean  time  wc  must 
endeavor  to  furnish  Ihem  with  ammunitinn  lo  provide  slcins,  to  cloth 
themscUx^s.  With  a  disposition  to  do  them  every  fricndty  office,  and  lo 
gain  Ihcir  Love,  we  would  yet  wish  to  avoid  their  visits;  Kxrcpt  ihosr 
who  come  with  Cap  Lintot  Wc  have  found  them  very  hard  to  pleas, 
crpensivc  and  troublesome,  and  they  arc. more  over  exposed  lo  danger 
in  passing  western  counties.  It  will  be  well  therefore  (Especially  during 
the  War)  lo  waive  their  vi&its  in  as  inoffensive  a  way  as  possible. 

In  a  letter  lo  you  of  the  i""-  instant  I  supposed  you  would  cither  the 
ensuing  guiumer  engage  cither  in  the  shawanoes  war,  or  against  Deiroit, 
leaving  the  choice  of  these,  and  all  other  objects  lo  your  self.  I  must 
also  refer  to  you  whether  it  will  be  best  lo  build  the  Fort  at  the  mouth 
of  Ohio  before  you  begin  your  campaign  or  after  you  shall  [have]  ended 
it.  jjerhaps  indeed  the  delays  of  obtaining  leave  from  the  Cherokces 
or  of  making  a  purchase  from  them  may  oblige  you  lo  postpone  it  tUI 
ihe  fall. 

I  have  received  I-cttcrs  from  Captains  Shelby  and  Worthington,  the 
former  acquainting  me  he  had  received  your  instructions  to  rais  a  troop 
of  horse:  —  the  latter,  that  he  had  raised  one.  from  the  dale  of  your 
letter  to  Shelby,  I  knew  you  could  not  have  \hxr  appriztxl  that  the 
Assembly  hatl  authorised  us  to  rais  a  Troop  for  you,  and  that  we  had 
fpven  a  commission  to  Rogers  by  whom  you  sent  us  informatinn  of  the 


MONTGOMERY  TO  CLARK.  FEBRUARY  i.  1780         149 

Caplurc  of  St  Vinccnes.  Rogers  accordingly  raised  his  men,  got  all 
accoutrfmcnls,  and  marched  Co  join  you  in  the  fall.  As  lo  Capt.  Wor- 
thington  who  says  he  has  raised  his  mtn  you  must  slate  to  m  the  neces- 
sity for  your  hanng  two  troops,  so  wc  may  lay  it  Ijcfore  the  Assembly, 
who  alone  have  power  of  giving  sanction  to  ihc  measure.  The  distress 
of  the  public  Treasury  will  be  a  great  obstacle,  so  that  it  will  be  well  for 
yoii  to  take  measures  for  rcscar\-ing  to  your  self  the  benefit  of  Capt. 
Worthington's  men  in  some  other  capacity,  if  they  should  be  disap- 
proved of  as  horsemen.  I  am  Sir, 

Vour  very  humble  servi., 

(Signed)  Thomas  Jeffebson. 
His  Excellency 

Brig.  Gen'  George  Rogers  Clark,  Commanding  wester»  wing  \J.  S. 
Army. 


Jons  MoNTCOMERV  to  GEORr.R  R.  ClJiHR,  Fcbrtiary  i,  7780. 
[Draper  MSS.,  sojg.—  A.  L.  S.| 

FoHT  Clakk,  Fcbniajy  i»"*,  1780. 

Dfj^R  Colo, 

Sir  I  Would  be  Glad  to  inform  you  of  ■wim  peniClucrs  Which  I  left 
om  in  the  other  letter  in  Regard  of  the  peltrcy  Fund  '  \Miich  Colo  Todd 
left  in  the  Hands  of  Capt  Winstone  and  My  Self  Which  he  Had  lent  lo 
Som  traiding  Jentlemen  all  F.xcept  Whul  he  had  propagated  to  his  own 
Use  and  Som  trifles  for  the  Irtipcs  and  Fortey  fore  packs  Which  it  is  out 
of  My  power  lo  Git  out  of  their  hand.-ï  as  the  Say  the  Have  accounts 
aganst  the  States  ncarley  Sufficanl  to  Ballance  their  acounts  Si  Before 
ihcdepertureof  Colo  Todd  Capt  Winstone  went  uptopancorctoRcccvc 
the  Ballante  of  the  pcllrey  Whch  he  Receved  the  above  fortey  fore 
packs  Som  time  after  I  Maid  a  contract  for  prcvition  lo  the  amount  of 
fortey  packs  ho  I  Gcvc  an  order  to  Recc*-c  from  M'  [>creK:  *  he  winston 
left  it  with  But  upon  .seing  the  order  he  Wrote  Me  Back  a  letter  that  he 
never  Rccc%-ed  But  twcntcy  odd  packs  I  then  Found  that  Capt  Winstone 
Must  have  put  the  Ballance  lo  his  own  use  I  then  Gevc  the  Inhabcnts 
orders  on  Capt  winston  Which  he  Receved  and  Excepted  to  the  am 
Amount  of  the  parts  he  had  put  to  his  own  use  Which  he  is  abliged  to 
pay  which  Gcvc  Me  Som  Satisfaction  for  the  Rogery  desined  10  the 

■  Uldid  PRnuli. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

States  T  then  Called  him  To  an  arounl  fnr  his  proswlings  his  Excuse  Was 
Colo  Tnd<l  owed  him  So  Much  and  Was  Much  disturbttl  at  his  disa- 
pftintmcnl  in  his  intended  njiv-crcy  Colo  Todd  ihoi  proper  to  Mal(C  him 
Commandant  of  The  [US.  UiegiNe]  dcpcrlmcn  to  the  Create  aslonish* 
ment  of  the  hole  inhabclanls  By  which  Means  from  Whence  alone  no 
honest  hope  Could  arise  he  is  Cargod  hy  Scribcling  Sicophant  with 
plunging  a  nation  into  dtsparc  While  he  pointed  out  the  abuses  of  Free- 
dom and  their  faital  Effects  he  would  he  Blackned  hy  Every  Honest 
Whisperer  as  the  F.nemy  of  Freedom  its  Self  pray  Sir  Carrey  on  Som 
Expodition  if  possible  llul  I  May  have  the  Honour  to  Be  Called  away 
By  you  from  amunks  as  people  bo  have  So  poorc  faith  in  the  Credit  oE 
the  Slate  Which  Reson  Makes  Me  onhapy  Biding  left  wilhoul  a  fund 
SufGcant  to  Satisfy  their  Craving  and  Mi&lrustful  Desires  Bui  Sir  asunt 
your  Self  the  honor  Due  to  the  Core  Shall  be  Strickley  adherd  To  &  I 
will  wait  vritU  Conlcnled  as  My  Station  will  admit  milill  1  have  the 
Honnour  of  Reccving  your  answer  Which  I  hope  will  be  Shorlley  old 
M""  Charlo  V'eeic'  has  lost  a  negro  which  he  Expects  is  Vn»n  ici  the 
falls  jt  if  he  is  he  Begs  you  May  lake  him  and  Sell  him  to  the  Best 
advanlag  for  him  I  am  Sir  your  Humble  San-ant 

Jn*   Montc^meey. 
To  Colo  Clark. 

[Addressed:]  Colo  Genrgi!  Rogers  Clark,  Commander  in  Cheaf  of  the 
Westron  department. 


JuHN  Mont(;omkry  Co  Ricuahu  Winston,  March  5,  i7Sa 
[M.  C,  T.  P.—  Aitesittl  copy.] 

Snt, 

I  am  under  the  disagreeable  Necesity  to  inform  you  of  the  Dis- 
trescierl  Silitnlîon  our  Tnxips  is  tn,  and  Kc<]ucsl  of  you  (as  Commandant 
of  the  Civil  dcpanment)  Ui  C!all  your  Millitia  OfTicers  logcihrr  and 
Majcstrats  Requesting  of  them  to  fumigh  a  Quantity  of  Prorisions 
Sufficient  to  Scr\*c  untill  1  have  my  meat  Brought  in,  as  ihcy  well  Know 
that  it  has  been  out  of  my  Power  as  yet.  But  the  men  is  now  Started 
for  il.  Allso  Remind  them,  of  the  Bad  Consequence  of  Selling  their 
provisions  Elsewhere,  as  it  may  be  a  means  of  Their  family's  Suffering 
—  as  the  Troops  ihcy  shall  furnish  —  and  before  that  I  Suffer  ss  much 
more;  I  beg  you  would  inform  them  to  put  their  Guns  in  good  order, 

'Ctutlrrlllc. 


DODGE  TO  CLARK,  MARCH  lo,  1780 


151 


as  I  don't  want  to  take  them  at  any  disadvantage  —  as  if  they  do'nt 
furnish,  I  Shall  lixjk  on  Ihcm  as  Traitor»  to  the  Cause  of  america,  aod 
Treat  them  Acomlin^y. 

March  5lh  1780 

(Signed)    Jn"  Montgomery  ' 

To  Cop*  Rich*"  Winston  Command*'  a  true  Coppy 


John  Dodcr  to  Georce  R.  Ciaick.  March  10,  1780.* 

[Draper  MSS^  S0J17.—  A.  L.  S.] 

St  Vincest  March  lo»*"  1780 
Dear  Col". 

Vuurs  I  Received  by  Capt.  BaJry  as  also  By  M'  Linsy  who  Mi»- 
fortunatcly  Lost  his  Cannaugh  Si.  all  his  Bagage  Likewise  my  Brother 
&  were  oM^ed  to  take  the  wttals.  I  return  you  my  Sincear  thanks 
for  approving  of  my  Sencurring  the  Conduct  of  the  Commander  of  thii 
Post  &  am  am  [ait]  Very  baf^nr  that  you  have  thought  Proper  to  have 
him  relieved  as  I  knew  the  Bad  Ccosequcnces  that  would  have  attended. 
Maj'  BoseroDs  Comp""  fi:  returns  you  Sincear  thanks  for  your  Con- 
sidering him  when  be  was  in  Grrale  Constomalion  what  to  do  for  a 
Small  Supply  at  Present  he  hl^ewiw  aasures  you  that  he  will  Do  Every- 
thing in  his  Power  for  the  PuUick  Good.  But  as  I  Informed  you 
Before  By  the  other  Express  M''  Cardin's  that  Colo  montgomery  had 
dùqxMed  of  an  the  Peltry  — But  as  I  am  Hon^  with  the  authority  of 
transacting  the  agents  Dep'  I  Shall  do  Everythiog  in  my  Power  with 
Justice  &  Hon'  for  the  Pubiick  Good.  I  Sent  your  Seal  by  Jonathan 
Conger.  M'  Rulanci  is  abougbt  your  work.  M'  Winston  writes  me 
that  Everything  is  in  grate  Coofuwin  at  Ulenois  I  am  Determined  to 
leave  this  to  ntorow  for  thai  Post  and  then  I  Shall  Be  abk  to  gi\-e  you 
A  Protickekr  acooool  td  tbe  Transactions  there 

Maj'  BosroD  Be|^  your  Excuse  fur  not  wrighting  to  yoa  himself 
Ibis  Packet  came  lo  hand  Broke  in  tbe  Same  manner  you  receive  U. 
I  have  the  Hon'  to  Be  your  Very  Humb.  Servant  John  Dodge 

\Aééftised:\    Geof.  Hojp  CUrk  Estf  Col"  Coounand  W.  Dept.  P» 
Exprew  Falls  Obin 

UiWÊtm jJfTiMnm mm *n  whw wtk mm  K«rl»  dii3«S  Mmvi  Mifc  ef  *< 
I»  a  at*  c»fcrtfa-..  a  .Tr^  iTMnSif  *»  u^  t«m-  MMSi^i^S  *■■■  b^  ii  ^ 


IS» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Jean  Gibaiii.t  to  the  Court,  Mardi  it,  1780. 

LK.  MSS.— A.  L.  S.] 
A  Messieurs  les  membres  Ires  Respectables  de  la  Cour  des  Kaskaskia, 
Messieurs, 

C'est  avec  peine  que  J'ay  \ti  le  peu  de  Respect  avec  le  quel  plusieurs 
personnes  se  sont  Comptirti^s  en  Cour,  et  qu'en  bien  des  Occasion  L'on 
a  mis  son  autorité  en  deficnce. 

Ayant  Conadertf  combien  il  est  nécessaire  pour  le  bien  Public  que 
L'autorité  de  la  Cour  Soit  Maintenue. 

Jcn  ay  représenté  L'urgente  necessit»?  a  Monsieur  Le  Colonel  Mont- 
gomery luy  faisante  voir  La  grande  Nécessité  de  son  Aide  pour  bien 
Administrer  la  Justice  au  Sujets  de  L'Etat,  Il  luy  plu  acxorder  a  Mc*- 
ùeurs  Les  Officiers  Civil,  L'usage  de  sa  Prison  &  mainforte  en  cas  de 
nécessité. 

Voua  scrca  donc  Messieurs  en  ctal  de  vous  faire  Respecter  ici  que 
vfis  Charges  L'exigent,  puisqu'il  est  vray  que  tous  bons  sujets  doivent 
respecter  L'Etat  sous  I-e  quel  Us  vivent.  Ils  doivent  aussy  respecter 
Ceux  qui  le  Représente  —  et  tous  Ceux  qui  vous  menquent  de  respect 
pèchent  contre  L'Etat  et  doivent  être  Punis  tel  que  le  Cas  L'Exige. 


[Translation.] 

To  the  Members  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia. 
Gestlemfn  : 

It  is  with  grief  thai  1  have  seen  the  little  respect  with  which  several 
person.-*  have  acted  in  court,  and  that  on  several  occasions  the  authority 
of  the  Court  has  been  defied. 

Having  considered  how  necrssary  it  ts  for  (he  public  good  that  the 
authority  nf  the  Court  be  m;iinlainetl,  I  have  presented  this  urgent 
nctx'ssily  to  Colonel  Montgomery,  showing  him  the  greut  need  of  his 
assistance  in  order  to  administer  justice  worthily  to  the  subjects  of  the 
state.  He  has  seen  fit  to  grant  to  the  civil  authorities  the  use  of  his 
prison  and  assistance  in  case  of  necessity. 

You  will  thcrt^Fore  be,  gentlemen,  in  a  position  to  make  yourselves 
respected  in  the  manner  that  your  position  demands,  since  it  is  true 
that  all  good  subjects  siiould  rcsfx^cl  the  slate  in  which  they  live.  They 
must  also  respect  those  persons  who  represent  the  stale  —  and  all  those 
who  are  disrespectful  to  you  sin  .igainst  the  state  and  should  be  punished 


GIRAULT  TO  THE  COURT 


>53 


J'ay  T.'honneiir  d'Etre  avec  tous  les  Respect  Possible  ^fcssKu^s 
votre  Trcs  Huni'*'''&  dévoué  Serviteur 

GiRAULT  P'  potm  L'Etat 
II"*"  Mars  1780. 

[Translation.] 
as  the  case  may  require.     I  have  the  honour  to  be  witb  all  the  respect 
possible,  gentlemen, 

Your  very  humble  and  devoted  servant, 
CiRAULT,  State's  Attorney 
March  11,  178a 


Jean  Girault  to  the  Coi;kt,  no  dale. 
(K.  MSS.— A.  L.  S-l 

Messieurs, 

H  est  venu  à  ma  Connoissance  qu'il  y  à  plusieurs  personnes  ÎCf 
qui  sont  venu  de  Virginie  et  de  plusieurs  Autres  parts  de  L'amerique, 
qui  nont  point  prêté  de  Serment  de  fidellïlé  a  L'Etat,  et  dont  vous  avés 
permis  de  S'Etablir  sans  même  Scavoîr  qui  ils  Sont,  vous  devés  Cepen- 
dant ScavoEr  que  Personne  ne  doit  arriver  îcy  sans  rendre  Compte  de 
qui  ils  sont,  en  Consequence  Messieurs  Je  vous  enjoint  au  nom  de 
L'Etat  d'Examiner  tous  les  Etrangers  de  que]  nation  ils  puissent  être 
qui  sont  Icy  et  de  faire  prêter  le  Serment  Prescrit  par  les  Loix  a  Ceux 
qui  ne  \-ous  produerons  pas  un  Certificat. 

en  ne  le  faisant  pas  vous  vous  Ommetés  votre  devoir  et  vous  man- 

[  TranslatùmJ\ 
Gentlemen  : 

It  has  come  to  my  knowledge  that  there  are  here  several  persons 
who  have  come  from  Virginia  and  many  other  parts  of  America,  who 
have  not  talien  an  oalh  of  allegiance  to  the  state,  and  whom  you  have 
allovred  to  settle  without  even  knowing  who  they  were.  You  must, 
nevertheless,  know  that  no  one  is  to  come  here  without  giving  an  account 
as  to  who  he  is-  Therefore,  gentlemen,  I  charge  you  in  the  name  of 
the  state  to  examine  all  these  strangers,  at  present  here,  of  whatever 
naiion  thpy  may  be,  and  to  see  that  the  oath  is  taken,  as  prestTÎbed  by 
law,  by  all  those  who  shall  not  produce  a  certfScate. 

In  not  doing  so  you  arc  neglecting  your  duty  and  you  fail  in  the 


154 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTION'S 


qui5s  aux  engagements  de  votre  Serment,  et  vous  estes  Responsable  a 
L'Etat  de  Conduite  de  toutes  Personne  que  vous  perraellc5  de  S'Etablir 
îcy  sans  les  sureties  que  la  loix  Exige  d'Eux.  Le  Scnncnl  que  J'ay 
]>rrté  en  Tvccvant  ma  Charge  m'oblige  a  en  faire  mon  Ra[>ort  a  mes 
Supérieurs.  Je  vous  prie  de  L'Eviter  ear  vous  scavds  que  voire  situa- 
tion est  bien  Critique  et  que  vous  Avés  bien  des  Ennemis,  dans 
plusieurs  Octalion  vous  rendes  des  arrets  Sans  OUÏr  les  Parties  qui  est 
Expressément  défendu  par  les  Loix.  J*ay  L'honneur  detre  avec 
Respect  Mess'  Votre  Tres  Hble  Ser' 

J  GntAULT  Ptoc  de  L'état. 
[Addressed:]    A  Messieurs  Le  [xtc]  Magistrats  des  Kaskaskias. 

[Tram!atùm.\ 

engagements  oF  your  oath  ;  and  ynii  arc  re^mnsible  for  the  conduct  of 
all  persons  whom  you  allow  in  settle  here  without  the  guaranty  which 
the  law  requires  of  them.  The  oath  I  took  upon  entering  into  my 
duties  obliges  me  to  make  a  report  of  this  neglect  to  my  sui>eriors.  I 
beg  you  to  avoid  this,  tor  you  know  that  your  situation  is  very  critical 
and  that  you  have  many  enemies.  In  many  cases  you  pronounce 
jud)îment  without  having  heard  the  parties,  an  act  which  is  strictly 
Turbiddcn  by  law.     I  have  the  honour  to  be,  gentlemen,  with  rfs|jcct, 

Your  very  humble  servant, 

J.  GiRAL-LT,  Stale's  Attorney. 
[Addrased:]    To  the  Ma|}is(rates  of  Kaskaâkia. 

^LMlIK  nF,  RorirRBLAVK  to  [Governor  HAi-nruANn?] 
March  a;"*  17S0. 
[B.  M..  Jt757.f.ji4.— .\.  L.  S.) 
MnxsiRtm, 

Comme  Je  crois  que  vous  n'avez  pas  oublîifs  que  mon  EfHiux  a  Eté 
prie  prisonnier  par  les  rebelles  Et  ameniî  à  Williamsbourg,  Etant  au 
service  de  sa  majesté  britanique,  Je  me   Recommande  à  vous  pour 


Sni: 


{Translaiùm.] 


As  I  believe  that  you  have  nul  forgotten  that  my  husband,  while 
in  the  service  of  the  state,  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  retiets  ami  carried  to 
Williamsburg,  I  pray  for  his  exchange  which  I  hope  wilt  take  ptace 


ROCKEBLAVE  TO  IHALDIMAND?)  MARCH  a;,  17S0      155 

"snnt  Echange  f]uc  j'tsficrc  que  se  sera  le  plutôt  que  vous  pourrez  j'ais 
appris  que  M'  hcnry  hamilton  Etoil  bien  mal  au  cachaux,  El  à  la  chaîne, 
on  me  me  {sU]  0ate  que  M'  Rocheblavc  à  la  ville  pour  Prison,  Je 
ne  sçait  si  Je  doit  Ix  croire  Jalan  aussi  de  votre  humanité  que  vous  ne 
me  ferez  procurer  du  DAlommagtfmmant  qui  puisse  me  mettre  &  même 
de  faire  subsister  ma  famille,  El  celle  de  M^  lord  que  j'ai  avec  nuM*, 
il  sans  fiiut  infinnimcnt  que  je  nayc  mes  commoditt-s  je  nais  pas  mCne 
le  nécessaire  tout  mon  bien  a  été  pyèr  on  ma  laisser  que  Its  dêtes.  J'ai 
i'honcur  dilrc  avec  consideration 

Monsieur 

Votre  très  humbles  9Cr\'antc 

Marie  Micqel  de  RocnKBLAVE. 

aux  Kaslcasikîas  le  27  mars  tySo 

Je  vous  cnvoj-e  une  lettre  que  mon  Epoux  vou3  Ecrit  je  n'ai  pas  pu 
trouver  doccaâion  pour  vous  la  faire  parvenir. 


[TraHslatioH.] 
as  soon  as  possible.  I  have  been  informed  that  Mr.  Henry  Hamilton 
was  viTy  sick  in  prison  and  in  chains.  They  tell  me  that  M.  Rochc- 
blave  has  the  town  for  a  prison.  I  do  not  knuw  whether  I  ought  to 
believe  it.  I  hope  also  that  through  your  kindness  you  will  see  that  I 
obtain  indemnification  which  will  put  mu  in  a  position  to  procure  a 
liring  for  my  family  and  thai  of  M.  Lord,  whom  I  have  with  me.'  It 
is  nobody's  fault  thai  I  do  not  have  the  conveniences  of  life,  but  I  do 
not  get  even  necessities.  All  my  possessions  were  plundered  ;  they 
left  me  only  debts.'  I  have  the  honour  to  be  with  consideration. 
Gentlemen,  Your  very  humble  servant, 

Makië  Michel  db  Rocueblave. 

Kaskaskia,  March  27,  1780. 

I  am  sending  you  a  letter  which  my  hushami  writes  m  you.     I  did 
not  have  the  opportunity  to  have  it  sent  lo  you  Ijcfore. 

>  When  CaptslB  Lwil  irithdrew  Iron  lUinob.  fat  Mx  his  lamllT  in  Ui*  car*  ol  RocliabkVF 
*  Sec  titt<,  p.  bi,  fur  ocdcn  by  the  lovrraiK  o\  VutiaU  tbal  [«ovakxi  >houl<l  t>«  coadc  Inr  Mudunc 
KuchsliU**. 


156 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COIXECITONS 


Edward  Murray  to 


-.April  19, 1780 


[Uruper  MSS.,  46Jsi.— A.  L.  S  J 

"Ù'  Snt, 

I  lake  the  Liberty  of  acquaint*  j"ou  that  I  Arriv*'  here  in  safety 
but  very  ill  treated  by  Cap^.  Dodge  who  upon  my  arrival  here  Refused 
to  pay  m<^  a  single  Dollar  and  upon  my  prosecut*  him  More  Ihc  Civil 
Court  he  Screen''  himself  upon  his  being  an  ollirer  and  having  nolhing 
but  hisD — d  Carcass  and  that  Ihey  could  not  Scire.  I  therefore  beg  you 
will  Remit  me  ihe  Amount  of  your  Draught  (but  not  ihrough  the  hands 
of  the  famous  Dodge)  for  I  have  been  forced  to  borrow  Money  (mm  a 
Friend  here  to  Supply  my  Wants  which  make  mc  more  uneasy  for  him 
than  for  my  own  (li«iiK>intment,  therefore  I  Ixrg  you  will  lose  no  tinw 
as  also  to  thank  the  Inimitable  Dodge  for  the  honour  he  has  done  to 
your  draught,  your  Draught  I  will  leave  in  the  hands  of  M'  Murray  i£ 
I  should  leave  this  place  and  to  him  youi  please  Remit  the  \ïoncy 
whether  I  am  here  or  not.  Please  Remember  my  most  Respectful! 
Comp^**  to  Col°  Clack  and  all  Enquiring  Friends 

I  have  the  honour  to  be  with  Respect  D'  Sir  your  most  obd*  Hble 
Serv'  Ebw'  Murray 

Kaskaskias  19*^^  April  17S0 


Proclamation  by  MoNTooireuv,  Winston,  and  St.  Gcruaik, 

May  6'*'  1780. 

[B.  M.,  1178»,  f.  33J.  —  Copy.J 

A  tous  ceux  qui  ces  présentes  lettres  Verront  Salut  Scavoir  que  Jean 
de  S*  Jermain  gentilhomme  de  la  ville  de  Paris  pnfscnleraeni  Com- 
milionné  pour  interpréter  les  nations  Chaquilas  Chîcachas  &  de  la 
partie  du  Ouest.  Le  quel  pour  abroger  la  route  et  pour  tranquiliscr 
l'esprit  remnant  des  Sauvages  qui  sans  cesse  sont  tonnentés  par  les 

[Translation.] 
To  alt  those  to  whom  these  prcâcnts  shall  come,  greeting:  Be  it 
known  that  Jean  de  Si.  Germain/  gentleman  of  the  city  of  Paris,  at 
present  commissioned  as  interpreter  In  the  nations  Choctaw,  Chickasaw 
and  Ihe  western  territory,  in  onk-r  l«  make  the  way  short  and  lo  quiet 
the  turbulent  spirit  of  the  savages,  who  are  conslanlly  tormented  by 

1  For  wlul  b  kamn  nf  the  mMkn  of  St.  Ikmiain,  m  f«it,  p.  1 19,  uid  lU.  Hut.  C^ktlitHa, 
il.,  lusts..  D.  J. 


A  PROCLAMATION,  MAY  6,  1780 


1S7 


sujets  du  Roi  d'angleterre  pour  leur  faire  prendre  Ic3  armes.  Lequel 
dit  J.  de  S'  Jermain  a>'ant  passé  par  celte  viUe  des  Cascachias  dans 
laquelle  par  azard  il  se  seroit  trouvé  quelque  considérés  de  la  nation 
poux  Kt  saulteusc  aux  quels  il  auroil  parlé  dit  publiquement  Et  par 
devant  nous  soussignée  ce  qui  suit  ]M)ur  être  rapporté  a  leur  Nation  et 
leur  Voisins.    .Sa\*oir. 

Que  le  Roi  de  France  lait  a  sçavoir  a  tous  les  hommes  rouges  que  le 
Francois  L*espQgnol  et  L'amcnquain  a  prissent  ne  font  qu'un,  qu'il  les 
invite  tous  a  rester  tranquîis  a  faine  vivre  leur  femme  et  leurs  enfants, 
F.t  ne  se  point  mêler  dans  une  gudre  qui  [murroit  leur  être  funeste  par 
la.  suite;  de  supporter  leur  misère  a'VTc  patience  comme  nous  faisons 
nousmêmes,  mais  qu'ils  me  sont  pas  éloignés  de  leur  Bonheur, 
qu'il  n'y  avoît  que  six  mois  qu'il  était  parti  d'curopc  ou  il  a  eu 
l'honneur  de  voir  le  Roi,  qu'ils  peuvent  dire  avec  assurance  a  leur 
frères  et  leur  voisins  que  six  mois  ne  seront  point  écoulés  sans  qu'ils 
aycnt  tous  les  secours  qui  leur  seront  nécessaires  tant  de  la  part  des 
francois,  espagnol,  que  de  cette  des  amériquains,  qu'ils  peuvent  ajouter 


{Transhtion.} 
the  subjects  of  the  king  of  England  to  make  them  take  up  their  arms: 
Be  it  known  that  the  said  Jean  de  St.  Germain,  having  passed  through 
this  village  of  Kaskaskia,  in  which  by  chance  there  were  a  considerable 
number  of  the  nation  Potawalomi  and  Sauteurs,  lo  whom  he  has  spoken 
publicly  and  before  us,  the  undersigned,  that  which  follows,  in  order 
Chat  it  may  be  taken  to  Iheir  nation  and  lo  their  neighbors.  Be  it 
known  : 

That  the  king  of  France  declares  to  all  the  redraea  that  the  Frencb- 
men,  the  Spiinianis,  and  the  .\inerii.-ans  at  present  are  only  one;  that 
be  invites  all  of  tliem  lo  remain  at  peace  and  support  their  wives  and 
their  cbifdren  and  not  to  mix  in  a  war  which  may  be  baneful  to  them 
hereafter;  to  endure  their  poverty  wilh  patience  as  we  endure  it  uur- 
selvx-s;  but  he  says  that  they  are  not  far  from  their  good  fortune;  that 
only  six  months  before,  he  bad  left  Europe,  where  he  has  had  the  bouur 
Eg  sec  the  King;  and  that  they  (the  Indians)  can  say  with  assurance 
to  their  brothers  and  to  their  neighbors  tbat  six  mouths  shall  not  pass 
before  they  shall  have  all  the  succor  which  they  need,  not  only  from  the 
French,  butalsofromtheSpanish  and  (he  Americans;  that  they  can  trust 
these  words  as  welt  as  their  brothers,  the  French  and  the  Americans,  tbc 


l^ 


ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


foi  a  CCS  paroles  comme  leur  frerea  les  trancoJs  et  om^riquaios  dont  les 
priodpaux  otit  siguc  le  présent  pour  servir  partout  ou  besoin  sera. 

Sigllé.  J"  MOSTCOMKRI  L'  Colo 

Rich"!  Winston,  Commd*  Civile 
Jean  (le  S^  Jermain 
Donné  au  Cascachias,  Le  6^  May,  1780. 
Copie  conforme  a  L'original,  L.  Diuvallier 
[Etidorsed:] 

N<*  3.  a  french  Proclamation  at  the  Caskachias,  the  6"'  May  1780. 

[Transtittion.] 

chief  of  whom  have  signed  the  present  in  order  ihal  it  may  serve  wherever 
it  may  be  needed. 

Signed:    John  Montgomery,  Lieut. -Colonel. 
Rich.  Winston,  Civil  Commandant. 
Jean  de  St.  Germain. 
Gircn  at  KasWaskia,  May  6,  1 780 
Copy  conforms  to  the  original.    L.  Chevalier. 


John  Todd  to  George  R.  Ciark,    June  4.  1780. 

prajjerMSS..  S0J41.— .\.  L.  S.) 

Ricau<^  4th  June  1780 
D'  CoL. 

1  have  much  small  neves  i(x>  much  for  a  letter  but  shall  not 
therefore  give  you  none.  The  Enemy  have  closely  invested  Charles 
Town  &  reports  generally  disbelieved  sny  they  arc  in  possession. 
4cx»  Men  are  raised  in  N.  Carolina  &  2000  are  nearly  ready  from  this 
State  lo  march  to  South  Carolina  under  Comra''  of  B  Gen'  Edw^ 
Stephens.  .\  Camp  of  5,000  is  to  be  formed  upon  the  Southern  Bor- 
ders of  our  State  owr  S:  alwve.  The  Northern  Stales  have  fairly 
wrought  out  their  Indepcndanc  and  are  out  of  Danger.  The  Heavy 
Business  now  lies  upon  the  Souihcm.  You  will  have  no  aids  from  this 
Quarter  except  Col.  Crorkctts  Reg''  this  year.  Preparations  are 
already  commenced  for  a  grand  Indian  F.xpedt"  next  jxar  —  I  expect 
under  your  command.     M'  Henry.  M""  R.  H.  Lee,  Mason  &  many  our 


DODOt  TO  TOOD,  JUNE  8,  1780 


159 


fraatast  men  are  now  in  the  House.    This  is  an  Opp'  rather  doubtful 
«hen  a  belier  uQurs  you'U  hear  mure  frum 

yuur  Mo.  ob*  Ser* 
Jn*  Todd  jr. 
[Addressed:] 

CoL  Geo.  R.  Clark,  Kentucky. 
To  the  Care  of  M'  Evan.  Baker 


JoRS  DooGB  to  John  Todd,  June  8,  17^0 
[Diaper  MSS.,  39J56. —  Copy  in  an  uoluiown  hand.} 

Camp  Jefpersox,  Mouth  Ohio,  June  8*^  1780 
Dear  Col" 

Thi3  is  [he  forth  which  I  hai-e  wrote  you  &  I  have  not  Had  the 
Hon'*  of  receiving  an  answer  fn>m  either  uf  them  tlierefore  I  expect 
you  have  nut  reixived  lliem.  I  rcceiW  une  by  Mr.  Clark  Likewise  the 
goods  ill  his  care  Bui  four  Pieces  of  the  Blew  Cloath  much  damaged 
By  what  1  can  larn,  it  got  wet  coming  over  the  falls  which  was  not  known 
until  it  arrived  here.  1  ha\x  received  the  goods  from  M'  Lin%y  and 
bear  enclose  you  a  coppy  of  the  original  Invoice  Likewise  a  Cu[ij)y  ul 
what  I  have  received  for  you  to  Peruse  at  your  Leisure.  After  ] 
arrived  at  Ka-skaskia  I  went  to  M'  (îraiioie  &  he  (old  me  that  he  could 
not  nor  would  not  furnish  anything  on  the  Credit  of  the  Siatc  for  his 
BL'Jng  Disapiioirited  not  receiving  the  Contents  of  those  Bills,  on  Or> 
luans  had  Put  him  un<!cr  the  necessity  of  Borrowing  fumis  to  Pay  his 
Dtltts.  But  If  I  «oukl  engage  to  Pay  in  Sep'"'  he  would  supply  mc 
with  anything  that  he  hail.  Knowing  the  amediatc  necessity  for  I..cad, 
Powder,  Horses  &  other  articles  &  Receiving;  in  my  inatninîons  from 
you  that  those  artick's  would  be.  Ix'tti-r  in  return  ftir  the  gmvl  alotted 
in  the  Indian  Dcp'  I  made  a  contract  with  him  &  others  10  the  amount 
of  Seventy  Packs  Biil  was  oliHgc<l  t«  pjiy  very  extrai^agant  Prices  — 
20  Livers  in  Peltry  fnr  Powder  rs  for  Lead  which  articles  could  not 
be  wa(ori£tmi/  MS,  tttrn]  Col"  Clark  onlcnsl  Major  Kozroe'  to  draw 
on  mc  fur  jiayment  fnr  supplies  for  the  Troops  at  S*  Vincent  when 
Suflcring  lor  Prcrvisions  —  Liknvise  a  horse  fumishcti  Mr  Lindsay 
350  Livres  in  Peltry  —  you  arc  a  Judge  whether  I  had  a  Right  to  enter 
into  Such  Engagements  or  not.    ihcrcfon'  I  hojic  th;it  yon  will  take  some 

■  UBjorBoMcroBr 


J.INOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Method  to  have  Ihcm  Paid  as  my  Hon''  &  Crcdil  is  at  stake,  it  was 
Col"  Clarks  orders  to  mc  1o  repair  to  this  Past  with  all  my  Stores  Before 
be  knew  that  I  bad  received  tbcm  &  keep  Ihem  for  the  use  of  the 
Troops  &  as  you  are  absent  I  am  obliged  to  Obey  his  orders,  &  hear 
1  am  obliged  to  stay  until  further  orders,  he  has  appointed  Cap* 
George  to  Issue  orders  to  me  to  Issue  the  Goods  —  Some  gets  their  full 
Colo  Si  some  wont  have  any  —  I  Cannot  refuse  his  orders  —  he  is  Com- 
edant  at  this  Post.  Col"  Clark  is  gone  on  an  Expedition  to  the  Indian 
Towns.  I  should  write  you  more  perttckelers  only  I  know  you  cant 
help  of  them  from  Mr.  Linsey.  Pray  excuse  me  for  not  sending  those 
articles  you  ordered  me  as  it  was  not  in  my  Power  to  procure  Ihem. 
ia  my  opinion  M''  Winston  is  a  dam^  Rascal  &  no  friend  to  the  coun- 
try he  would  not  supply  me  with  anything  without  four  times  the  Price 
that  another  ask^  if  I  was  to  write  you  all  the  Protickelers  of  his  & 
others  transactions  it  would  lake  a  quire  of  Paper.  Mr  Linsey  loock 
out  what  articles  he  Fleas''  or  thought  Proper  for  you  Before  he  gave 
me  the  goods,  and  as  he  thought  there  was  not  a  full  Proportion  for 
e\'cry  gentleman  who  had  a  right  to  draw  Clothing  —  in  order  to  set 
an  example  to  others  he  Did  not  take  Col"  Clark  or  your  full  Cota. 
But  the  Example  wan  not  followed,  it  would  give  me  Infinite  Sattis- 
faction  to  hear  from  you.  if  it  should  happen  that  any  person  went 
to  Orleans  to  Purchase  goods  for  the  use  of  the  State,  I  .should  be  glad 
to  go  as  I  shall  not  have  much  to  Do  hear  this  fall.  But  I  shant  En.si5l 
without  you  think  Proper. 

f  am  Sir  you  most  obedient  &  very  H'  S^ 


k  M 


CHAPTER  V 

THE  SUMMER  OF   1780,  JUNE  TO  OCTOBER 
C(n.ON'FX  DE  LA  BaXUE  AT  FORT  PTTT  —  BeNTLEV   WbtTES  TO  THE   BttlTtSH 

AXi)  American  OrncERS  —  Rocucblave  to  Haldimand  —  De  la 
Balue  Addresses  Tin:  Illinois  French  —  Memorial  op  Griev- 
ances —  Winston  Wrjtes  op  Wrovgs  —  DaPAsrusE  or  Mokt- 
GOUERÏ  —  Petition  to  the  Krench  Minister. 

Capt.  a.  Fowler  to  Nicholas  Janis 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.  —  AtleMnl  Copy.] 

Fort  duquesne  le  25.  Juin  1780 
Cher  Mons'', 

Une  Lettre  de  raoî  vous  surprendra  pcut-Eire  mais  Je  ne  suis  plus 
officier  Britanique  Je  préfère  mes  privileges  et  <~eux  de  mes  confrcr*^ 
que  de  Ser%'ir  un  prince  aveugle  et  obstiné,  qui  faiblement  cl  de  Ouajtcc 
de  Coeur  fait  une  Guerre  &  Ses  propres  Sujets  et  Conscqucnmant 
Contre  sa  propre  Gloire  ausaî  bien  que  ses  intérêts.  Jesi»crc  que  mes 
amis  des  Illinois  ne  mont  iwînt  Entièrement  oublié;  Le  tcms  Le  ma. 
point  fait  oublier  Lestîme,  que  Japortoîs  au  bon  peuple  de  ce  pays,  et 
c'est  avec  plaî&ir  que  Je  profBle  de  cette  occasion  pour  Ecrire  à  M' 
Jants  en  particulier 

Je  suis  content  dentendre  dire  que  mes  amis  des  Illinois  ont  en 
général  opposé  I>s  usurpations  et  ont  aidé  et  assisté  a  faire  parvenir  a 

[Transiatiûn.] 

Fort  Doquesne,  June  35, 1780. 
Dë;ar  sut: 

A  letter  from  me  will  perhaps  surprise  you,  but  I  am  no  longer  a 
Britbh  officer.  I  prefer  my  privileges  and  those  of  my  fellows  rather 
than  serve  a  prints  blind  and  obstinate,  tvho  feebly  and  wanlwnly  w;iges 
war  against  bis  <jwn  subjecls  and  consequently  against  bis  own  glury 
and  interests.  I  trust  that  my  friends  in  Illinois  have  not  altogether 
forgotten  me.  Time  has  not  cauiied  me  lo  forget  the  esleem  I  had  for 
the  good  people  ol  that  country,  and  it  is  with  pleasure  that  I  Cake 
advantage  of  this  occasion  tu  write  to  \l.  Jaiiis  in  particular. 

I  am  glad  to  bear  it  said  that  aiy  friends  in  Illinois  have,  in  general, 
opposed  the  usurpations,  and  that  Ihey  have  aided  and  assisted  in  brîng- 

161 


t62 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


la  maturité  Lindependaoce  de  lamcrique,  des  laconven  lances  |)euvent 
avoir  arrivé  a  plusieurs,  mais  ils  ne  sont  que  passagère,  La  postérité 
ajra  Le  proffit  et  leur  avantage  Sera  rendu  avec  avantage  à  nos  maux. 

Le  porteur  de  cette  Est  Colonel  de  la  Balme  Gentilhomme  francois, 
de  grand  mérite  il  a  toujours  Esté  un  solide  et  uniforme  amis  aux  In- 
térêts de  Lamerique;  comme  tel  Je  vous  prie  de  le  Recevoir  Sur  ma 
Recommendation  à  votre  amitié  et  attention  Je  suis  persuadé  que  vous 
irouwrés  quil  Le  aicriie. 

Madame  Fowlcr  Est  bien  et  se  joint  a  moy  dctrc  affeciioncmcnt  au 
Souvenir  de  Madame  Janîs  cl  toute  sa  bonne  famille  et  suis  avec  Egard 
Cher  M'  Votre  très  humble  et  tris  obt.  Serviteur  A  faulér 

cy  devant  olBcier  dans  le  Regt.  royal  Irlandois  Command^  des  Kas 
en  1771  et  [772. 

Mr  Janis  KasKasKïas  Illinois 

Je  vous  prie  de  faire  mes  Ci>mplimenl3  au  docteur  Gibkins  et  tous 
nos  amis;  Jcaj^rc  que  Je  naî  point  Laissé  dcnncmis  aux  lUinois. 

A.  Fadlek 

ing  lo  maliirily  tbe  independence  of  America.  Misfortunes  may  have 
happened  to  many,  but  they  are  only  transitory;  posterity  will  rca[> 
the  benefits,  and  their  advantages  will  more  than  pay  (or  our  misfor- 
tunes. 

The  bearer  of  this  letter  is  Colonel  de  la  Balme,  a  French  j;entlcman 
(]f  great  merit.'  He  has  always  been  a  Crm  aud  sleudfanl  friend  tu  the 
interests  of  America;  as  such  I  beg  you  to  receive  him,  upon  my  rec- 
omendation,  in  your  friendship  and  attention.  I  am  jicrsuadcd  that 
you  will  find  that  he  is  worthy  of  it. 

Madame  Fowler  is  well  and  joins  me  in  wishing  lo  be  remcmlicnxl 
to  Madame  Janis  and  yourgoixl  family.    I  am  with  res[K-{i,  my  dear  sir, 
Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

A.  Fowler  * 

Formerly  officer  in  the  Royal  Irish  Regiment,  Commandant  of  Kas- 
fcaskia  in  1771  and  1772. 

M.  Janis  Kaskaskia,  Illinois. 

I  beg  you  to  remember  me  lo  Doctor  Gibkins'  and  to  all  our  friends; 
I  hope  that  I  left  no  enemies  in  Illinois.  A.  Fowixs. 

ITbFre  Ua  tangAcoDUui  of  Colond  dcia  Balmc  la  III,  Itiit.  C'rilrtwm.  il..  p.  Iiixix. 

*  I  htn  (onnd  oilliing  of  irnponaim  caDcaming  bin  eurpt  whit  is  conUiiwd  in  ihh  klMr. 

»  Sec  lit.  nia  CeJhttiinu.  ii,.  4.  n.  j. 


r\ 


164 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


enfants  du  Koy  de  France  leurs  bienfactcur.  Apres  avoir  tenu  Conseil, 
les  Indiens  député  sont  venu  m'assurer  de  leur  constante  affection  et  de 
leurs  entière  obéissance  aux  voloni»?  de  leur  Perc,  et  ils  etoîcnt  prêt  a 
suivre  les  Guerîcrs  français  |)our  lever  la  Hache  et  frapjier  mortellement 
les  Ennemis  de  leur  généreux  Protecteur,  nmis  ont  ils  ajouté  si  notre 
Père  est  allié  des  Ameriquains  pourquoi  ceux  ci  nous  laissent  ils  manquer 
de  tout  ;  faut  il  donc  mourir  avec  nos  femmes  et  enfants  en  rejctlant  les 
oiTres  qui  nous  font  les  Anglais;  nous  ne  les  aimons  point,  nous  sommes 
prêt  a  frapper  mais  nos  urgent  besoins  nous  forceront  a  la  an  de  prêter 
Preille  a  leurs  propa-ûtions;  si  on  s'obstine  a  nous  refuser  plus  long- 
temps ici  des  secours  desquels  nous  ne  saunons  maintenaiit  nous  passer; 
les  Bfitcs  fauves  qui  doivent  nous  alimenter  et  nous  procurer  par 
l'échange  de  leurs  Peaux  des  vêlements  aux  quels  on  nous  a  abitué  sont 
beaucoup  plus  farouche  qu'elle  ne  l'eioient  avant  que  nous  fissions 
usage  des  armes  a  feu,  il  nous  faut  donc  de  la  poudre,  des  Armes,  des 
Hardca  lorsqu'on  nous  fournit  seulement  des  Liqueurs  brûlantes  qui 
tuent  nos  jeunes  Gcnis,  nn  nous  a  fail  mltle  prrjmesscs  a  Philadelphie 
l'année  dernière,  actuellement  en  oc  s'en  souvii-n  plus,  d'une  part  nous 


[  Tramtiition,] 

tbeir  U'nefactor.  After  holding  council,  thi:  delegated  Indians  came  to 
assure  me  of  their  constant  aSectïon  and  of  their  entire  obedience  to 
the  wishes  i»f  their  father;  ajid  they  were  ready  to  follow  the  Trench 
warriors  and  take  up  the  tomahawk  to  strike  to  death  the  enemies  of 
Iheir  generous  protector;  but  they  added;  "If  our  father  Is  allied  to 
the  Americans,  why  do  these  allow  us  to  be  in  want  of  cvcr^lhing  ;  must 
»%  die  together  with  our  wives  and  children  while  rejecting  the  offers 
which  the  English  make  to  us;  we  do  not  like  them;  we  are  ready  to 
strike,  but  our  urgent  needs  will  linally  force  us  to  lend  an  attentive  ear 
to  their  proposition,  if  you  remain  obstinate  in  still  refusing  the  help 
which  is  absolutely  necessary  to  us  now.  The  wild  animals  which  ought 
to  nourish  us  and  procure  for  us,  by  the  exchange  of  their  skins,  clothing 
to  which  we  have  been  accustomed,  are  much  more  wild  than  they  were 
before  wc  made  use  of  fire-arms.  We  are  in  need,  therefore,  of  powder, 
of  weapons,  of  traps,  instead  of  the  burning  liquors  which  kill  our  young 
people,  for  that  is  all  that  is  furnished  to  us.  Last  year  they  made  us  a 
thousand  promises  at  Philadelphia,  now  these  arc  not  even  thought  of. 
On  the  one  hand  we  are  forgotten,  abandoned;  on  the  other  hand  we 


DE   LA  BAL^rE  TO   LUZERVE,  JUNE  rj.  1780 


rtS 


sommes  oublié,  abandonna,  d'un  autre  solidl^  et  quelque  fois  mcfuof. 
par  les  Angliu»,  dans  cette  Occurance  que  puuruns  nous,  que  devons 
DDUS  faire?  Vous  de%-ez  rester  en  paix  et  tranquile  leurs  ave  dit, 
amoÎDS  que  vous  ne  vouliez  cnc'jurir  la  disgrace  de  votre  Perc,  ran 
exposer  a  sa  vengeance,  a  celle  des  E^agnols,  et  des  états  unis  ses  alliés 
et  vous  voir  abandonner  les  Anglais  qui  sont  oxnacé  de  toute  Paît, 
même  dans  leur  propre  Pays,  jay  ajouté  les  raisons  qui  m'ont  paru  les 
plus  propre  a  les  convaincre,  ensuite  ils  se  sont  retiré  à  leuxs  Camp  en  me 
disant  qu'ils  eloient  prêt  a  marcher  contre  les  Ennemis  de  leurs  Perc  «t 
de  ses  alliés  des  qu'on  les  requerroit.  Nous  avons  diverse  fois  versé 
a  boire  3  ses  Messieurs  qui  bien  fardé  et  t»en  emplu  mâché  avalent  sec  et 
jiartrop  iraoderement  les  liqueurs  les  plus  fortes,  je  desiie  que  leurs 
promesses  soient  bien  obsen'ée,  mais  j'avous  que  je  n'y  ai  pas  graïKle 
confiance  parcequ'on  se  ruine  en  protnesse.  En  égard  de  la  conduite 
des  Habitants  de  ces  frontières  icy  car  excepté  te  Commandant  du  Fort 
Pit  tous  ont  des  procèdes  révoltant  envers  les  Indiens,  pendant  qu'on 
Iraitoit  de  Paix  au  Fort  un  parti  de  huit  hommes  va  chez  les  N'alions 
pour  masacré  quelques  Indiens,  d'autres  vont  voler  quatre  djevaux 

\Trani{atiott.\ 
are  solicited  and  al  limes  threatene«I  by  the  Knglish  ;  in  such  a  sttuadoa 
what  can  we  do,  what  ought  we  lu  do?"  I  lold  them:  "  YfHi  must 
remain  at  pcai!e  and  be  quiet,  unless  you  wish  to  incur  the  dUpleasure  of 
your  father,  ex{K)se  yourselt-cs  to  his  vengeance  and  to  that  of  the  Span- 
iarrls  and  the  United  Stairs,  his  allies,  and  see  yoanetves  abandoned  by 
the  Knglish  who  are  threatened  on  all  parts,  even  In  their  own  country/' 
I  adderl  the  reasons  which  seemed  to  me  the  most  fit  to  convinoe  ihem. 
Then  they  withdrew  to  their  camp  telling  me  thai  they  were  ready  to 
march  against  the  enemies  of  iheïr  father  and  U  hi»  allies,  the  moment 
they  were  asked.  We  poure*!  out  drink  several  time»  fortbc«e  gentlemen. 
who,  well  painted  and  feathered,  gulp  down  quite  lo  excea»  the  strtmgMt 
liquurs.  I  desire  that  the  promise  lu  them  be  well  kept,  but  I  amfentbat 
1  have  no  great  confidence,  fnroneruinsoneself  by  promises,  considering 
the  conduct  of  the  inhabitants  of  these  frontiers;  for  aside  from  the 
commandant  of  Fort  Pitt,  all  have  a  revolting  behaviour  lowanis  the 
Indians.  ^Miilc  the  question  of  peace  was  being  Ireoled  at  the  furl,  « 
band  nf  eight  men  went  tii  the  nations  in  order  lo  massacre  a  few  Indians', 
others  went  tu  steal  four  horses  near  their  camp.    From  all  ihets  d[»> 


ILLrNOlS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

prtfs  (Ic  leur»  Camps,  De  tout»  ce*  fri|5onncries  ct  dc  ces  perfidies  il 
doit  rcsiullcr  un  grand  fond  dc  haine  qui  engendre  nécessairement  la 
Guerre  dont  pluisictirs  familles  sont  victimes;  voila  le  résultat  des  dés- 
ordres et  des  inconsequent-cs  qui  semblent  caractériser  dans  beaucoup 
d'occasion  Messieurs  les  colon»  anglais. 

Nous  partons  moi  quatrième  français  pour  naviguer  sur  l'Ohio  bien 
anrwî  et  nous  rendre  aux  Illinois  accompagna  d 'une  Princesse  Cha»X)ua- 
naise  un  pvu  surajiné,  Quand  a  Mods'*  Uvidefroî  de  Linlot  il  part  pour 
se  rendre  a  la  même  destination  par  terre  il  visiterai  les  N'ations  des- 
quelles il  parle  Ir^  bien  les  dilTerenls  Langages  afin  de  les  affermir 
pour  la  Cause  des  Etats  unis  a  )a  quelle  les  français  prene  unauineraent 
un  vif  Intérêt.  Cet  officer  est  vraiment  digne  des  plus  grands  Eloges, 
son  Zelle  ix  cet  égard  la  porte  a  dynniT  aux  Indiens  ses  Chevaux,  ses 
KITcls  et  souvent  ses  Habits  pour  allimanler  kurs  altacliement  aux 
Français,  on  cn>in>i[  en  rvOechissant  sur  sa  Gencrosittî  que  la  France  le 
comble  de  bienfaits  |H:ndiuil  qu'elle  ignore  ta  Noblesse  de  ctrs  ]iroccdcs 
a  cet  cgaid.  C'est  un  témoignage  que  je  ne  lui  refuse  avec  tous  ceux 
qui  le  connoÎHe  el  que  je  desire  bien  sincen'nient  lui  6lrc  de  quelques 

f'/rUM-ï/O/WB.] 

honesties  and  pcrndics  there  mu.sl  result  a  great  fund  i if  hatred  wliicli 
of  necessity  engenders  war,  nf  which  many  families  arc  victims.  These 
arc  the  disorders  and  the  inconsistencies  which  seem  lo  characterize, 
in  a  numlwr  nf  occasions,  the  Knglish  colonists. 

Three  Frenchmen  and  I  arc  abiMit  to  start  well  armcil  lo  navigate 
the  Ohio  and  reach  the  Illinois,  Iwing  acnimpanicd  by  a  Shanmee 
princess  somewhat  old.  As  for  M.  Godefroy  de  Linctol,  he  starts  over- 
land lo  reach  the  same  dcstinalinn;  he  will  Wsit  the  nations  whose  dif- 
ferent languages  he  speaks  vcr>'  well,  in  order  lo  attach  them  to  the  cause 
of  the  United  States,  in  which  the  French  unanimously  have  a  deep 
interest.  This  officer  is  indeed  worthy  of  the  greatest  praise.  His  zeal 
in  this  cause  has  ted  him  to  give  lo  the  Indiana  his  horses,  his  goods, 
and  often  his  clothing,  in  order  lo  maintain  their  attachment  for  the 
French.  One  would  believe,  in  reflecting  on  his  generosity,  that  France 
is  weighing  him  down  with  bounties,  when  actually  it  ignores  the  nobil- 
ity of  these  actions  altogether.  It  is  a  testimonial  that  1  do  not  refuse 
him,  as  well  as  all  those  who  know  him,  and  I  sincerely  hof»e  lot*  of  some 
advantage  to  him.    i  hope  that  the  French,  scattered  throughout  t>oth 


DE  LA  BALME  TO   LUZERNE,  JUNE  27,   1780 


.67 


avantage.  Jespere  que  les  Français  dispersé  sous  les  deux  tJctnisphere 
en  tireront  un  reel  de  rinlenîgcnce  qui  règne  entre  eux  et  les  Indien*, 
en  sorte  qu'étant  bien  unis  ils  pourroient  loin  de  recevoir  faire  la  loi  a 
quiconque  parceque  j'apprent  tous  ceux  qui  sont  indépendant,  ou  qui 
doivent  inccssament  le  devenir  sont  prci  a  se  tendre  une  main  (ratcr- 
rcUc,  Presage  de  leurs  futur  bonheur.  Le  temps  lèvera  la  voile  qui 
ravis  les  objets  aux  Curieux  attentifs  Observateurs,  des  Catastrophes 
et  des  Revolutions. 

£n  quelques  Endroit  que  je  porte  mes  pas  je  me  ferai  un  plaisir  jeci 
de  faire  part  a  votre  Excellcnec,  de  ce  que  je  penserai  mériter  son  atlcn- 
lion  et  de  l'assurer  de  la  respectueuse  coniiideration  avec  laquelle  je  uc 
saiseraî  d'être. 

de  votre  Excellence  te  très  humble  obéissant  ser< 

Signed.    CotONF-L  La  Balue. 

Le  Nonuné  Pierre  Tibau  andcn  soldai  français  qui  a  scni  18  ans 
dans  le  Rcg*  de  Provence  d'Infaniric  demand  d'être  reclame  par  votre 
Excellence  comme  déserteur  français,  et  d'aler  scr^-ir  sous  les  Drai>eaux 
du  Roi,  cest  un  beau  et  vijjoureux  soldat,  il  est  Corporal  dans  la  Com- 

[TrandatUm.] 
hemib'plieres,  will  get  a  glim|>âe  of  ihc  understanding  whicb  exists  be- 
tween them  and  the  Indians,  so  that  being  well  united  they  will  be  able, 
rather  than  to  receive  the  law,  Lo  make  it  to  everyone  ;  for  I  and  that  all 
Ibe  Indians,  who  are  independent,  ur  who  are  lo  become  independent 
before  long,  are  ready  to  lend  a  fraternal  hand,  an  omen  of  their  future 
happiness.  Time  will  lift  the  veil  which  hides  the  objects  from  the 
curious  and  attentive  observers  of  catastrophes  and  revolutions. 

In  whatever  place  I  may  happen  to  go  I  shall  consider  it  a  real 
pleasure  to  inform  your  Excellency  of  whatever  1  may  consider  worthy 
of  your  attention,  and  to  assure  you  of  the  reajjcctful  esteem,  with  which 
I  shall  never  cease  to  be,  your  Excellency's  very  humble  and  obedient 
servant, 

(Signed)  Colonel  La  Bauik. 

Ttie  man  named  Pierre  Tibau,  former  French  soldier  who  served 
for  eighteen  years  in  ihc  infantry  of  ihe  n;gimcni  of  Prownce,  and  asks 
to  be  reclaimed  by  your  Excellency  as  a  French  deserter,  and  to  go  to 
serve  under  the  banners  of  the  king,  is  a  fine  and  vigourous  soldier.  He 
is  corporal  in  the  company  of  Captain  Greek  of  Col.  Proter's  regiment 


z6a  ILLLVOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

pagnic  du  Oipilaiiie  Greek  du  Reg*  du  Col'  Proter  Aniircrie.  Cette 
Compagne  vient  d'etre  détachée  au  Fort  Pit.  Oserois  je  prier  voire 
Excellence  de  vouloir  bien  avoir  la  Bonté  de  faire  passer  en  France 
l'inclut  s'il  lui  plait. 

A  truc  Copy.    (Signed:)  .V  S.  De  Peystf.r. 
\EHiiorsed:\  The  laie  Colonel  La  Balm  to  the  Chevallier  de  La  Luzerne, 
June  1780. 

\TraHsIaiwH.] 

of  artillcr)'.  This  cumpany  has  retx'rilîy  l)cen  detached  lo  Fort  PîH. 
May  I  dare  to  ask  your  Excellency  lo  Iw  kind  enough  to  pass  the  enclosed 
lo  Frace,  if  it  jiicases  y<»u. 

A  true  copy.    (Signed)  A.  S.  dk  Peysteji 


Thomas  Bentlev  to  A.  S.  be  Peïsteb,  July  28»''  1780. 

(B.  M..  11845.  r.  +0.  —  A.  L.  S.I 
Sib, 

I  hope  you  will  be  pleased  to  excuse  my  troubling  you  from  this 
Quarter  as  I  canaot  omît  this  opportunity  of  informing  you  of  my  safe 
return  to  this  Country.  Finding  that  all  my  Efforts  to  procure  a  Pass 
were  iueSectual  I  was  reduced  to  the  disagreeable  necessity  of  trusting 
to  the  woods  for  my  escape  which  I  cfiectcd  though  at  a  season  very 
unfavorable  to  my  design.  I  left  Canada  with  a  full  intention  to  rewnge 
myself  on  Gov*^  Hamilton  but  I  was  no  sooner  at  liberty  than  I  forgot 
my  animoaty  with  regard  lo  him  looking  upon  him  only  as  a  scamdary 
('ause  influenc'd  by  the  evil  Machinalion.s  of  Rofheblave  in  conjunrlion 
with  a  Cerré  who  were  inspired  with  no  other  motives  than  iliiisc  of 
envy  and  most  inveterate  Malice  to  defame  my  Character  and  bring  my 
AITairs  lo  lîesiruLlion  which  I  am  sorry  to  say  ihey  have  fully  efîecUMÏ 
insomuch  that  it  will  bedifTicult  for  me  to  rcLOver  myself  from  the  diflfi- 
cultics  which  the  unhappy  effects  of  ihcir  Malice  have  subjected  me  lo. 

I  wailed  on  Gov'  Ilamilton  in  the  Jail  nt  Williamsburgh  &  made 
him  a  lender  of  my  services.  He  thank'd  mc  s.^y^^g  he  did  not  crpcct 
any  alteration  in  his  circumstances  but  wh.it  the  fate  of  arms  mfghl  give 
him,  be  expatiated  much  on  Ihc  manner  of  losing  Post  Vinccnncssajing 
he  was  bctray'd  in  Ihc  basest  manner  by  the  Frrnch  people  of  the  Place. 
M""  Dcjean  being  de^rous  of  coming  here  I  applied  in  his  favor  to  the 
Governor  &  Council  of  Virginia,  my  suffering»  give  me  some  claim  lo 


BENTLEY  TO  CLARK,  JULY  jo,  1780 


xfip 


their  ittlentioa  &  I  was  the  means  of  procuring  his  permissioa  to  come 
to  this  Country.  Colo.  Montgomery  who  commands  in  Colonel  Clark's 
absence  has  given  him  permission  to  send  for  M*^  Dejeon. 

Notwithstanding  that  I  am  out  of  the  reach  of  persecution  I  still 
wish  lo  assure  you  thai  Rocheblave's  accusation  of  me  was  false  and  that 
I  was  made  a  Prey  to  Malice  of  the  deepest  Hue;  this  I  beg  you  will 
acquaint  General  Haldimand  of  who  I  hope  from  his  former  knowledge 
of  mc  at  Pensacola  is  still  my  friend  and  that  he  wilt  impute  my  abrupt 
departure  from  Canada  to  no  other  Cause  than  my  great  anricty  to 
join  my  affairs  at  the  Illinois  which  I  had  rea.'Mn  to  think  were  going 
wrong  on  account  of  my  long  absence  &  which  I  unhappily  found  to 
be  the  case  nor  is  there  any  remedy  left  me  but  patience. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  Sir,        Your  very  obed*  h^'=  ser*-' 
Post  Vinccnncs,  aS  July  1780.  T.  BK>rrLnv. 

Ar*  Schuyler  De  Peystcr  Esq"" 

\Erui0r3cd:]  from  M""  Bentley  to  Major  de  Pcystcr,  dated  Port  Via- 
ccnnes  the  28»'»  July  1780. 


Thouas  Bcntlëv  to  George  R.  Clark,  July  30,  1780. 

praper  MSS.,  50J51.  —  A.  L.  S.J 

Post  Vinceknts  the  .îo'*"  July  1780 
DtiAR  Sir. 

I  cannot  omit  this  opportunity  of  writing  You  to  inform  You  that 
nothing  very  material  bas  happened  since  You  left  us.  The  Savages 
are  constantly  way  laying  the  Boats  S:  lurking  about,  take  a  Scalp  now 
St  then.  There  is  a  French  Colonel  lately  arrivd  here  from  Fort  Pitt 
his  name  is  De  La  BaJme.  He  has  already  had  the  address  to  ingratiate 
himself  with  the  French  people  of  this  Place  as  also  with  the  Savages  to 
whom  he  has  advancd  things  prejudicial  lo  the  Int*  of  the  State.  The 
People  here  being  on  the  Point  of  going  on  an  Expedition  lo  the  MiamU 
L  chusing  this  man  to  command  them  M'  Dalton  has  with  great  pro- 
priety put  a  Stop  to  his  going  as  he  certainly  is  a  dangerous  Man  & 
much  might  be  dreaded  from  his  Discourses  with  the  Savages  was  he 
]}ermilted  to  go  among  them  for  everything  he  advances  tends  to  advance 
the  French  Interest  &  depreciate  the  American.  The  People  here  are 
easily  misled  ;  buoy'd  up  with  the  âaltering  hopes  of  being  again  subject 


I70 


ILLIXOrS  inSTORIC\L  COLLECTIONS 


to  the  King  iif  France  he  coud  easily  prevail  on  them  to  drive  every 
American  out  of  the  Place  &  this  appears  to  me  to  be  his  Plan,' 

I  hope  You  will  succeed  on  Your  Shauney  Expédition  as  it  15  said 
You  are  going  there.  When  You  were  at  Kaskasltias  You  were  plca^ 
to  promise  me  a  Hundred  Weight  of  Gunpowder  of  the  Two  Hundred 
owing  me  hy  the  State.  I  wish  You  woud  be  kind  enough  to  write 
Capl.  George  to  deliver  it  me.  If  you  let  me  have  the  2  C  it  woud  be 
doing  me  a  very  material  sennce  at  this  lime  as  I  want  it  for  the  Savages 
wIk)  cannot  hunt  far  want  of  Ammunition  &  as  I  have  a  Hundred  & 
Thirty  Packs  of  PcUry  to  pay  at  the  Illinois  I  do  not  know  how  it  will 
be  possible  for  mclodoît  without  your  returning  me  the  Powder.  I  beg 
therefore  You  will  take  It  into  serious  Consideration  — Think  only  that  all 
I  ask  is  my  own  &  how  hard  it  is  that  I  shou'd  so  suSer  for  the  want  of  it  as 
it  may  be  the  occasion  of  all  my  Effects  being  torn  to  pieces.  I  hope  I 
need  not  say  more  to  induce  You  to  write  Capt.  George  on  this  Subject. 

Should  You  go  to  the  Governor's  &c  before  Your  return  here  & 
that  they  should  think  proper  to  establish  a  Place  of  Business  in  these 
Countries  &  determine  at  the  same  time  to  support  it  property  I  will 
undertake  the  Execution  thereof  Or  if  they  will  leave  the  Plan  to  mc 
let  them  procure  an  assortment  of  Indian  Goods  such  as  woud  have 
formerly  have  amounted  to  four  Thousand  Pounds  Sterling  with  an  extra 
Qnty  of  Gunpowder  on  acco  of  the  war  &  I  shall  not  fear  of  not  only  keep- 
ing the  Savages  quiet  on  all  these  Coihunications  but  also  make  a(U*an. 
tagious  returns  for  the  Goods  the  assortment  to  be  supplied  annually. 

Assure  Yourself  that  1  am  with  much  regard  Sc  truth  D'  Sir 

Your  very  obed*  hbic  Scrv* 

T  Bkntley 

M'  DaltOD  has  suffered  this  man  to  go  with  the  Savages  &c  above 
I  have  taken  a  great  deal  of  pains  to  represent  to  him  the  ill  consequences 
attending  it  but  to  no  purpose.  1  gave  Mi*.  Dalton  convincing  Proofs 
that  this  man  on  his  arrival  here  councild  the  Savages  in  the  presence  of 
all  the  people  here  to  go  &  advertise  the  Shawnicsof  Your  preparations 
to  go  to  war  against  them  with  many  other  Circumstauces  ol  equal  bad 
tendency. 

Every  well  wisher  is  surprised  at  Daltons  behaviour  &  It  woud  be 
well  for  You  to  send  a  Parly  under  the  Command  of  an  CJJBcer  you  can 
depend  upon  if  you  wish  to  keep  this  Country  &  its  Savages  in  layta. 
Colo.  Clakk 

■  Conia.-*  Hi.  IliA  CtUêtHmu.  U .  p.  wc 


BENTLEY  TO  HAI.DTXLWD,  AUGUST  la,  1780 


171 


TuouAs  Bentley  lo  Guveknuk  HALOiiiANn,  August  tz*''  17S0. 
in.  M-,  3«R4S.  f-  -14-—  A.  ï-  s.] 

Ol'yah  the  19^^  August  1780. 
Sir. 

I  have  come  160  Lc^i^cs  from  ihe  Illincis  thro'  a  Coutilry  every- 
where cx|K)suj  to  Indian  War  Parties  puc])C)5cIy  lo  debarass  mc  from 
that  Veil  of  Calumny  whirh  was  lhn>wii  upon  my  Chararler  t>y  Rm:he- 
blavc,  Ccrrtîc  &  others  who  hutl  no  other  views  than  those  of  envy  & 
malice  of  the  deepest  Dye  to  stigmatize  my  Charatler  &  t>last  my  Fame 
lo  the  end  that  I  might  be  removed  from  a  Country  where  (he  flourish- 
ing Stale  of  my  alTairs  Si  ihe  Preference  which  wime  of  the  Savage 
Nations  shewVl  me  rendered  me  an  Eye  sore  to  them  in  trade  &  conse- 
(jucntly  an  objert  {if  (losaiblc)  l<j  be  removed  at  all  events.  I  Knew 
their  Plot  before  I  left  Illinois,  but  conscious  of  my  Innocence  I  went 
undismay'd  resting  my  .safely  on  that  alone.  I  was  unhappily  mis- 
taken. You  know  the  rest.  My  affairs  have  been  totally  ruind  by  my 
absence  &  all  my  property  in  a  manner  has  gone  to  rack.  Still,  Sir, 
I  am  happy  to  ha\'e  this  opportun'  to  assure  you  that  I  am  no  Knemy 
to  my  Country;  on  the  contrary  I  haw  &  ever  .shall  entertain  a  warm 
and  sincere  attachment  thereto  &  its  Interests  so  long  as  God  shall 
bless  me  with  Life.  'TIS  true  that  vexation  at  the  treatment  I  met  with 
whilst  I  was  in  Canada  (Ix-'ing  informed  all  the  time  of  the  destruction 
to  tny  propc^y  at  home)  enraged  me  to  say  many  things  foreign  to  my 
thoughts  &  which  would  no  doubt  be  construed  to  my  disadvantage. 
The  pro|K>sal5  I  had  the  Honor  to  make  you  when  last  I  had  the  pleas- 
ure of  seeing  you,  repealed  to  you  likewise  by  my  friend,  M'  Tarqucs, 
you  were  pleased  ro  reject  imagiring  them  offered  as  Inducements  for 
my  Liberty.  These  I  now  beg  leave  to  reiterate  to  you,  thrice  happy 
on  the  occasion  to  convince  you  that  I  am  not  the  wretch  I  was  repre- 
sented to  you  to  be.  Was  it  not  that  my  presence  was  required  to 
endeavor  if  possible  to  repair  my  broken  affairs  &  the  small  encour- 
agement 1  had  to  hope  for  from  my  usage  in  Canada  I  should  already 
have  gone  back  to  Detriol.  My  conjugal  Tics  (which  with  my  Property 
composed  all  that  was  dear  to  mc  in  these  countries)  bi'ing  defiled  and 
broken  indissolubly  by  my  absenix*  there  remains  but  little  to  engage 
my  stay  in  the  Country  nothing  in  corajwlition  with  joining  my  Country 
if  I  con  be  of  use  &  doing  Justice  to  my  connections.    If  therefore  I 


«7' 


ILLINOISffl? 


rOLLKCTIONS 


call  he  of  any  service  lo  yiHi  &  that  I  can  be  assured  of  your  favor  to 

asahl  me  tu  rct?slablisli  my  broken  fortunes  you  have  only  lu  acquaint 
me  thro'  the  channel  of  Major  De  Feyaler  &  I  will  endeavor  if  possible 
to  quit  my  affairs  which  arc  still  considerable  being  widely  dispersed 
&  shall  from  this  time  contract  them  for  the  piir|K)se, 

I  cannot  conclude  this  without  informing  ycni  that  if  you  wish  (o 
{lossess  the  Illinois  &  Post  Vincennes  you  may  easily  accomplish  it. 
The  inhabitants  discontented  with  the  Americans  will  not  resist  regular 
troops.  Savages  they  ever  will,  fearing  their  cruellies.  Three  Hun- 
dred Sol"  to  come  down  the  Illinois  River  would  easily  possess  them- 
selves of  the  whole  Illinois  Country  Spaniards  &  others.  This  certainly 
would  be  an  object  worthy  the  attention  of  Great  Britain  as  it  woud 
add  the  Missoury  trade  which  is  of  itself  consequential  as  well  as  the 
Savage  interest  dependent  thereon,  who  being  very  numerous  might 
be  renderd  of  great  account  5:  woud  of  course  be  a  very  valuable 
acquisition.  A  Hundred  regulars  woud  easily  possess  themselves  of 
Post  Vincennes.  Lieut^  Gov'  Abbot  being  much  eateemd  in  this 
Country  woud  be  received  with  open  arms.  From  these  Countries 
an  Expedition  woud  easily  be  carried  nn  to  the  lower  parts  of  the 
Mississippi»!  &  with  the  assistance  of  i  ,000  Men  annex  New  Orleans  to 
the  Empire,  It  may  not  be  unnecessary  to  inform  you  that  the  Illinois 
Setllemnts  coud  victual  a  garrison  of  300  men  throughout  the  year. 
I  have  the  Honor  to  be  with  alt  due  respect, 

Sir,  Vour  very  obedient  &  most  h**'»  Servant 

T.  Benti-ky. 

His  Exc*"  Fred"  Haldimand  Esq. 
[Endorsed:]    From  M""  Bentley  to  I.  Gen.  Haldimand 
Dated  Ouyah  la^"  Aug'  1780. 

Thomas  Bf^ti-fy  to  A.  S.  nr.  Peyster,  August  la*^  1780. 

[B.M..  31845. '■  43.— A.  L-S.] 

OuYAH  the  IS**"  August,  1780. 


I  hcg  leave  to  refer  you  to  what  I  have  already  wrote  you  on  the 
subject  of  M^  Dcjcan.  I  beg  the  favour  of  you  after  perusing  the 
enclosed  lo  addres-s  &  forward  it  to  General  Haldimand.  As  I  wish 
to  remit  to  Canada  as  well  as  to  draw  off  fmrii  this  Country  [  propose 


ROCHKBLAVE  TO   IIALDIMAND,  SKPTEMBKR  9,  1780      173 

:XMiding  Ijoats  tip  this  river  for  Detroit  as  well  as  Ihe  Illinois  River  fur 
Macinac  next  Spring.  I  coud  wish  for  Ihat  purpose  if  it  does  nut 
dash  willi  the  Semite  that  (he  Savages  might  be  requested  not  to  molest 
any  Boat  going  up  those  Rivers  for  the  purpose  t>f  carrj-ing  Remittance 
which  I  hope  &  doubt  not  but  you  will  think  reasonable.  If  the  Gen- 
eral or  yourself  shoud  do  me  the  honor  to  write  mc  wish  you  woud 
adress  me  in  a  fictitious  name  for  fear  of  accidents  &  send  it  by  a  per- 
son of  contidence  to  be  deliverd  only  to  myself.  It  is  reported  here  that 
Canada  is  attacked  by  a  French  Fleet.  If  it  is  likely  to  faJL  (which  I 
hope  will  never  be  the  case)  fjeg  of  you  to  destroy  these  letters.  I  have 
the  Mortification  to  inform  you  that  Rocheblave's  malice  has  ruind 
me  (irretrievably  I  fear)  although  my  misfortunes  originated  wilh  you 
yet  I  do  nut  blame  you.  If  yuu  will  be  pleased  to  put  me  in  a  way  u[ 
recovering  myself  at  Detroit  which  you  now  have  in  your  power  lo  do, 
I  will  repair  to  you  on  your  sending  me  proper  Guides,  but  it  must  be 
in  the  Mercantile  Line  as  I  coud  not  pay  my  dcbls  &  recover  my  lost 
Fortune  by  any  other  means.     I  ha%'e  the  Honor  to  he  with  real  respect. 

Sir,  Your  very  ob»  h^''  Serv* 

T.  Bentlkv. 

I  shall  winter  at  Kaskaskias.    I  beg  this  may  not  be  talked  of  in 
case  of  any  Deserters  from  you  that  might  inform  of  me. 

\iajor  FJe  Pcyster. 
[Addressed:]  Ar*  Schuyler  Dc  Pcyster  Ksq'  Command'  Detroit. 
[Endorsed:]   From  M""  Bentley  to    Major  De  Pcyster  Dated  Ouyath 
13»''  Aug'  1780. 


PaiuppE  DE  RocHEBTAVE  to  GOVERNOR  Haloihand,  Scpteml>:r  9, 

1780. 

[B.M..  ii;«a,f.397--A.  I,.S.J 

MONSIEDR, 

j'ay  rhouneur  d'informer  votre  excellence  qu*  après  deux  ans  et 
demi  de  captivité  j'ay  eu  le  bonheur  de  m'ecbaper  de  parmi  les  rebelles 


Sut: 


[Transiation.] 


I  have  the  honor  to  inform  your  KxccUency  that,  after  two  years 
and  a  half  of  capli\-ity,  I  had  the  goorl  fortune  to  escape  from  amongst 


174 


TLLTVOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


et  suis  arrivé  icy  avec  m'  Scheleling  lieutenant  des  volontaires  du  De- 
troit au  uomenLrmrnt  de  juillet  dernier,  Je  comjiloîs  avoir  l'honneur 
de  vous  voir  et  d'ofrir  mes  scniecs  mais  le  marchand  qui  avoit  promis 
d'armer  un  bâtiment  de  viol  pieces  de  cannons  ayant  juge  a  propos 
de  n'envoyer  qu'un  petit  a\'ec  six  pieces  de  trois  li^Tes,  J'ay  craint 
avec  raison  d'augmenter  le  nombre  des  malheureux  qui  ont  été  pris 
cette  année  en  voulaot  aller  en  Canada  et  sur  ce  qu'on  dit  générale- 
ment icy  qu'il  doit  y  avoir  une  expedition  pour  la  virginnie  je  vais 
demander  d'y  alters!  comme  je  i'esperc  elle  est  heureuse,  je  dcmanderay 
la  permission  de  lever  quelques  troupes  ou  volontaires  pour  cssaîer  de 
chasser  les  rebelles  de  cette  partie  de  ^'otre  gouvernement  située  ]c  long 
du  misisipi,  ounbachc  cl  obio. 

Depuis  quatre  jours  on  a  reçu  icy  par  la  voie  des  rebelles  la  nou\'elle 
de  l'entière  destruction  de  leur  armée  aux  ordres  de  m'  gates  que  le 
lord  Courwallis  a  attaque  cl  diîfail  sur  les  froiitica-s  du  sud  et  nord 
Caroline,  les  papiers  rebelles  font  monter  leur  perte  a  prés  de  mille 
hommes,  des  particuliers  arrivés  de  philiulelpViie  disent  que  l'entière 


\Trart.s]atwn.] 
the  rebels,  î  arrived  here  about  the  first  of  July  wrih  ^^.  SchiiTelin 
lieutenant  of  the  volunteers  of  Dtlroil.  I  had  hojiLiI  to  have  the  honor 
of  aeeingyou  and  otTcring  you  my  services,  but  since  the  merchant,  who 
had  promisi-d  lo  arm  a  vessel  with  eight  pieces  of  cannon,  has  seen  fit  to 
send  me  nothing  more  than  a  small  Iwal  with  six  pieces  of  three  pounds, 
I  was  afraid,  and  with  reason,  to  increase  the  number  of  unfortunate 
men  who  have  hern  captun,-d  this  year  while  trying  to  go  into  Canada. 
Judging  from  what  they  say  gi^nerally  around  here,  there  is  to  be  an 
expedition  to  Virginia.  I  am  going  to  ask  permission  to  go  there. 
If,  as  I  hope,  it  is  succissfiil.  I  shall  ask  permission  to  levy  some 
troops  or  volunteers  in  order  lo  try  lr>  drive  the  rebels  from  that  part 
of  your  government  situated  along  the  Mississippi,  Wabash,  and 
Ohio. 

Four  days  ago  we  heard  here,  from  the  mouth  of  the  rebels,  the 
news  of  the  complete  destruction  of  their  army  under  the  command  of 
M.  Gates,  who  was  attacked  and  defeated  by  Lord  Cornwallis  on  the 
frontiers  of  South  and  North  Carolina.  The  rebel  papers  estimate 
the  number  of  their  loss  at  almost  one  thousand  men.  Some  individuals 
just  arrived  from  Philadelphia  say  that  the  entire  destruction  of  their 


ROCHEBLAVE  TO  HALDIMAM).  SKPTKMBKR  ç,  1780     175 

destruction  de  leur  armëe  a  ^lé  la  suite  de  cet  ev-enrmcnt  heureux  que 
le  peu  qui  a  échapi!  a  la  poursuite  la  plus  chaude  s'est  retlnï  en  virgîn- 
nle  après  avoir  abbandoné  aux  vinqeurs  leurs  armes,  cannons,  magazins 
et  bagages  et  qu'il  n'y  a  plus  aucune  troupe  rebelle  en  nord  Caroline, 
ainsi  voila  daiu  la  campagne  la  plus  heureuse  de  toute  celte  malheur- 
euse guerre  deux  provinces  conquises  avec  grande  espoir  d'y  ajouter 
la  vîrginnic  avant  et  <lans  le  cours  de  l'hiver,  l'arm^îe  de  wasginton  [ïiV] 
est  camp<?e  a  environ  quarante  milles  d'icy  il  a  détaché  ces  jours  derniers 
dixhuit  cent  hommes  pour  le  sud  et  it  a  été  abbandonné  par  la  milice 
de  pensih*anie  qui  sur  le  bruit  de  l'ochu  dans  la  caroHnc  s'est  retiré 
tt  &6té  chcs  elle,  la  desertion  est  grande  chcs  eux  leur  papier  tant  vid 
que  neuf  est  tombé  dans  le  plus  vil  mépris  les  français  sont  a  rhode 
island  quelques  uns  ont  joint  wajîginton  et  ont  fait  avec  les  rebelles 
une  aparition,  sur  l'autre  rive  de  la  riviere  du  nord  et  se  sont  retirés 
âpres  avoir  pilUé  amis  et  cnemis.  Il  est  bon  que  votre  excellence  sache 
que  tout  l'hiver  dernier  le  chevalier  de  la  I^uzcme  se  disant  ambassa- 
deur de  france  aupres  du  congrès  a  eu  une  relation  suivie  en  canada 

[  TransiiUiaH.] 
army  was  the  outcome  of  this  happy  event,  that  the  small  portion  which 
escaped  the  warmest  of  pursuits  withdrew  into  Virginia  after  having 
abandoned  to  the  conquerors  iheir  weapons,  cannons,  magazines  and 
baggage,  and  that  there  is  not  a  single  company  of  rebels  in  North  Car- 
olina. Thus  we  see,  in  the  most  fortunate  campaign  of  all  this  wretched 
war,  two  provinces  conquered,  with  great  hopes  of  joining  to  it  Virginia 
before  or  in  the  course  of  the  winter.  The  army  «f  Wa.ihinglon  is  camp- 
ing at  about  forty  miles  from  here.  He  has  detached  during  these  last 
few  A&.ys  eighteen  hundred  men  Eoscndin  the  south;  and  he  was  aban- 
doned by  the  militia  of  Pciinsylvania,  which,  upon  the  report  of  the 
defeat  in  Carolina,  wilhrtrcw  and  went  home.  Disert  ion  is  great  amongst 
them.  Their  paper  money,  both  eld  and  new,  has  fallen  into  1  he  grcalo-si 
contempt.  Of  the  French,  who  are  in  Rhode  Island,  some  joined  Wash- 
ington and  appeared  with  the  rebels  on  the  left  bank  of  the  North 
River,  and  withdrew  after  having  plundered  friends  and  enemies. 
It  is  well  that  your  Excellency  tihould  know  that  during  the  whole  eA 
last  winter  Chevalier  tie  la  Luxeme,  claiming  to  be  ambassador  of 
France  at  Congress,  had  a  continuous  correspondence  in  Canada  with 
the  new  and  old  subject.s.     This  correspondence  was  kept  up  by  means 


176  ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

avix  dc  nuuwiiux  uu  anttenis  subjctt.,  cc-tle  relation  a  été  |)ratïquée 
par  I'intcrvL'ntion  des  sauvages  ou  autres,  j'en  ay  eu  accidentel lemetit 
connoisancc  danl  chcs  le  consul  dc  France  parent  de  l'ambassadeur 
qui  ne  croyant  ]ms  que  j'entendis  l'anglois  le  disoit  a  ses  amis,  je  me 
trouvay  a\'ec  luy  a  l'occusiun  contenue  dans  l'artidc  suivant. 

Il  me  fut  pnipnsi^  dans  le  cours  dc  l'automne  dernière  de  retourner 
aux  Illinois  pour  gouvumt-T  le  pays  au  nom  du  congn!s  avec  tes  tiltrcs  de 
gouverneur  surintandant  des  indiens  et  roloncl  on  me  rt^tituoit  tout 
oc  qui  m'avoit  lîtiî  pris  moycnitnt  que  par  un  serment  dc  fidelili!  je  devins 
un  sujet  du  congrus,  on  douloit  dautani  moy  disait  on  que  j'arcx'plc 
ces  ofrcs,  qu'étant  né  françoÎH  il  eloil  suqjrcnant  que  j'eus  travaillé 
contre  les  amcriqains;  le  gouverneur  et  le  conseil  de  Virginie  sur  mon 
relus  résolurent  de  m'^logner  a  jamais  de  ramcrîquc;  îls  dirent  au 
marquis  de  vaudreuil  comendant  le  fendant  dc  74  qui  a  passe  ]'y\'er 
en  Virginie,  que  j'etois  un  mauvais  sujet  venu  d'europe  qui  abusois  de 
Tascendant  que  j'avois  sçu  prendre  sur  les  habltanls  et  les  sauvages 

[Translalioti.] 

aï  the  Indians  or  others.  I  accidcntly  found  it  out  while  I  was  with  the 
French  consul,  a  relative  of  the  ambassador.  The  consul  believing 
that  I  did  not  understand  English  was  recounting  it  to  his  friends. 
I  happened  to  be  with  him  on  the  occasion  described  la  the  following 
paragraph. 

It  was  profKsed  to  me,  In  the  course  of  last  fall,  to  return  to  the 
Illinois  in  order  to  govern  the  country  in  the  name  of  Congrcns,  with  ihc 
titles  of  Governor,  Superintendent  of  the  Indians,  and  Colonel.  They 
promised  to  restore  all  that  had  been  taken  from  me;  provided  I 
would  become,  by  taking  the  oath  of  fidelity,  a  subject  of  Congress. 
They  expected,  they  said  to  mc,  that  I  would  accept  these  olTers;  for, 
being  a  Frenchman  by  birth,  it  was  surprising  that  I  should  have  worked 
against  Ihc  Americans.  The  governor  and  the  council  of  Virginia, 
u[K)n  my  refusal,  resolved  to  get  me  out  of  America  forcx-er.  They 
said  to  the  Marquis  de  Vaudreuil,  commanding  the  ship  of  74  guns  [?] 
which  passed  the  winter  in  Virginia,  that  1  was  a  bad  subject  just  come 
from  Europe,  who  abused  the  power  that  I  had  managed  to  gain  over 
the  inhabitants  and  savages  of  the  Mlssts<)ippi  in  order  to  cause  them  to 
revolt  against  the  Americans;  and  furthermore  they  asked  him  lu  trans- 
port me  lo  France  or  to  the  West  Indies. 


ROCHRRMVE  TO   HAI.D1MAXD,  SEPTKMBKR  g,  1780      177 

ilu  misisipi  pour  les  soulever  rontrc  lea  américains  et  luy  demandèrent 
lie  me  transporter  en  Trance  uu  claiis  le  ouesl  imlies. 

I-e  marquts  m'envciya  un  ofiricr  tic  ma  amnoiganre  qui  avec  le 
lieutctiant  tie  la  comid  ou  j'etois  stir  panilc  m'amenercnl  a  luy  sans  me 
le  proposer  ct  sans  exiger  de  parole  pour  retourner;  m'  de  vaudreQil 
me  dit  (|u'il  falloîl  passer  ou  en  France  ou  dans  les  îalcs  surr  fc  que  je 
luy  dis  que  le  roy  de  francs  nous  ayant  abandonne  a  la  paix  dernière, 
nous  étions  devenus  sujets  angloîs  ct  qu'il  ne  pouvoît  exercer  aucune 
jurisiliclion  sur  moy  qui  de  plus  avoîs  ma  femme  et  mes  enfants  aux 
Illinois,  il  me  dît  qu'il  ne  pouvait  m'amencr  malgré  moy,  qu'on  l'avoit 
trompé  en  luy  faisant  entendre  que  je  venois  d'arîver  en  Amérique,  le 
conseil  voyant  qu'il  n'avoît  pas  reuss!  m'envoya  une  parole  a  signer  ce 
que  j'evitay  en  faignant  d'etre  très  malade  et  m'échapay.  J'ay  vu 
l'hiver  dernier  a  Williamsbourg  le  nome  lînclot  canadien  ancienement 
enseigne  au  service  de  France,  auquel  la  lelre  du  comte  dîslain  aux 
canadiens  a  tourne  les  cen'elles  ct  k  fait  quitcr  son  pays  pour  débaucher 
les  indiens  sous  le  nom  des  françois  il  a  amené  trois  savages  avec  luy 
qui  ont  eu  des  conferences  avec  m'  de  vaudrcUil,  le  consul  de  France 

[Translatiapt.] 
The  Marquis  sent  to  me  an  officer,  an  acquaintance  of  mine,  who 
together  with  the  lieutenant  of  the  county  where  I  waa  on  parole,  look 
me  to  him  (the  Marquis)  without  proposing  it  to  me  and  without  de- 
manding a  parole  to  return.  M.  de  Vaudreuil  told  me  that  I  must  go 
either  to  France  or  to  the  Islands.  Whereupon  I  told  him,  that,  the 
king  of  France  having  abandoned  us  when  peace  was  made  the  la&t 
time,  we  had  become  English  subjects,  and  that  he  could  exercise  no 
jurisdiction  over  me,  and  that,  moreover,  I  had  my  wife  and  children 
in  Illinois.  He  said  to  me  that  he  could  not  take  me  again.st  my  will, 
that  they  had  deceived  him  in  making  him  believe  that  I  had  just  arrived 
in  America.  The  council,  seeing  that  it  had  not  succeeded,  sent  me 
a  parole  to  sign  which  I  avoided  by  pretending  that  I  was  very  sick  ; 
and  then  I  escaped.  I  saw  last  winter  at  Williamsburg  the  man  named 
Linclot,  a  Canadian,  formerly  an  ensign  in  the  Franch  scr\'ice,  whose 
head  has  been  turned  by  the  letter  of  Count  d'Eslaing  to  the  Canadians, 
which  caused  him  to  leave  his  country  in  order  to  entice  away  the 
Indians  in  the  name  of  the  French.  He  brought  with  him  three  Indians 
who  had  conferences  with  M.  de  Vaudreuil,  consul  of  France,  and  the 


178 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL 


et  le  soi>disant  gouverneur  de  virgiiintc,  avec  tout  cela  ils  m'ont  {>romis 
dans  la.  nuit  a.\imt  leur  depart  d'etre  attaubé  au  gouvernement  de  S.  M. 
B.;  Le  sieur  linctot  croît  luymcmv  revenu  mais  1c  a>nsul  luy  a  de 
nouvau  toumd  la  icic  avec  une  promesse  de  brevet  de  capitaine,  il  a 
reçu  un  brevet  de  major  et  intendant  des  sauvages  de  la  part  du  conseil 
de  Virginie  avec  l'espoir  d'etre  paye  en  arjent  qu'ils  n'ont  pas. 

Le  ^  gt  germain  a  débarqué  l'hyver  dernier  a  charles  town  \'enant 
de  fronce  a^-ec  une  comisîon  pour  attirer  les  sauvages  dans  les  interests 
de  celte  couronne,  je  [e  croîs  aussi  canadien  et  l'ay  empêche  de  trouver 
du  credit  en  virgînoie  en  employant  sous  mains  des  royalistes,  heureuse- 
ment les  movens  employes  sont  les  moins  propres  pour  rcusir,  les  sujets 
cmploj-és  étant  incapables  mais  ils  doivent  nous  convaincre,  monsieur, 
de  la  neccîisiié  d'elf^cr  de  votre  gouvernement  une  relation  étrangère 
qui  pûuroit  luy  deixnir  plus  funeste,  nccesité  que  je  n'ay  cessé  deux 
ans  avant  ma  prise  de  représenter  innutilemcni. 

Le  s'  bcntclcy  est  aussi  passé  a  williamsbourg  pour  gagner  les 
Illinois  d'où  je  l'avois  envoyé  en  canada  pour  ses  pratiques  et  relations 

[Translati4m.] 
80*caUed  governor  of  Virginia.  In  spite  of  alt  this  Ihcy  (the  Indians) 
promised  me,  the  night  before  Iht-ir  dcpartun-,  to  be  faithful  to  the 
government  of  His  British  Majesty.  M.  Linctot  himself  thought  of 
changing,  but  the  consul  again  turned  his  head  with  a  promise  of  a 
captain's  commission.  He  received  a  commission  of  major  and  în- 
trmlant  of  the  Indians  from  the  council  of  Virginia  M'ilh  the  hope  of 
being  ]iaid  with  money,  they  do  not  have. 

M.  .St.  Germain  landed  last  winter  at  Charleston.  He  came  from 
France  with  a  commission  to  draw  the  Indians  into  the  interests  of  thai 
crown.  I  Itrlieve  that  tie  is  also  a  Canadian,  and  I  prevented  him  fnim 
finding  any  crolit  in  Virginia  by  emplojing,  secretly,  some  of  the  royal- 
ists. Fortunately  the  means  used  by  M.  St.  Germain  arc  the  least 
likely  lo  succeed,  since  the  persons  employed  arc  incapable;  but  ihcy 
should  convince  you,  sir,  of  the  necessity  of  climin.iting  from  your 
government  a  correspondence  with  aliens  which  may  become  more 
dftrimenlal  to  it  ;  a  necessity  which  I  did  not  cease  lo  represent,  though 
uselessly,  two  years  before  ray  capture. 

Mr.  Bentley  also  passed  through  Williamsburg  on  his  way  to  IlLiDois, 
from  where  I  had  sent  him  into  Canada  on  account  of  his  intrigues  and 


ROCIIEBLAVE  TO  HALDIMAXD,  SEPTEMBER  9,  17S0      179 

avec  les  rebelles,  c'esl  sa  Lubalc  et  cctic  ties  espagnols  qui  les  onl  condiiil 
sur  le  mistsippi  et  qui  en  intimidant  les  h.il)itanls  les  onl  empcché  de 
prendre  les  armes  ce  ilont  ils  sont  bien  fâchés  aujounlhuy.  Si  voire 
excellence  daigne  se  faire  représenter  mes  letrcs  a  son  predeceseur,  elle 
verra  avec  quel  zelc  j'ay  travaille,  combien  de  fois  j'ay  demandé  d'etre 
remplacé  par  une  personne  plus  accréditée  ches  le  général,  que  j'ay 
innutilement  demandé  permisMon  de  lever  vint  hommes  avec  lesquels 
j'eus  intimidé  les  agents  rebelles  et  empêché  les  habitants  bien  inlentionés 
de  consentir  a  une  neutralité  dont  ils  se  repentent  trop  tard  ;  elle  %'erra 
avec  surprise  que  j'ay  donné  connoisance  des  manœvures  des  françois 
quinze  mois  avant  qu'ils  e'clatent  et  que  j'ay  démasqué  et  aprédé  a  sa 
juste  valeur  la  frauduleuse  neutralité  de  l'espagne,  mais  ce  qui  aura  lieu 
de  la  suri>rcndre,  c'est  que  quoyque  les  choses  se  fussent  passé  presque 
sous  mes  yeux,  il  a  fallu  rcvcneraent  pour  détromper. 

M''  hamilton  lieutenant  gouverneur  du  détroit  continu  d'etre  rigour- 
eusement retenu  et  gardé  dans  un  donjcon,  il  a  été  l'année  dernière  trois 
mois  aux  fers  confondu  avec  des  scélérats,  on  a  envoyé  il  y  a  un  mois  et 

[Translaticn.] 
relations  with  the  rebels.  Il  is  his  cabal  and  that  of  the  Spaniards  that 
led  the  Americans  to  the  Mississippi  and,  by  intimidation,  prevented 
the  inhabitants  from  taking  anns,  a  thing  for  which  they  are  very  sorry 
now.  If  your  Excellency  deigns  to  look  over  the  letters  I  sent  to  your 
predecessor,  jïîu  will  see  with  what  zeal  I  worked,  h(iw  many  times  I 
asked  to  be  replaced  by  a  person  better  accredited  to  the  general  ;  that 
I  asked,  without  succcs.s,  permission  to  raise  twenty  men  with  whom 
I  might  have  intimidated  the  agents  of  the  rclïels  and  prevented  the 
well-meaning  inhabitants  from  consenting  to  a  neutrality  of  which  (hey 
repent  too  late.  Your  Excellency  will  see  with  surprise  that  1  gave 
warning  of  the  operations  of  the  French  fifteen  months  before  they  came 
to  light;  and  that  I  unmasked  and  judged  at  its  true  value  the  fraud- 
ulent neutrality  of  Spain;  but  that  which  will  give  you  occasion  for 
surprise  is  that,  although  the  things  look  place  almost  under  my 
very  eyes,  siill  (he  event  was  necessary  in  order  to  undeceive  those  in 
authority. 

Mr.  UamilloQ,  lieutenant  governor  of  Detroit,  is  still  rigourouflly 
detained  and  locked  in  a  dungeon.  Last  j-ear  he  was  in  irons  for  three 
months,  in  the  company  of  rogues.    Amonthandahalf  ago  an  American 


iSo 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


demi  un  ailoncl&ur  sa  parule  et  demiindé  qu'il  put  venir  icy  sur  la 
sicne,  mais  je  ne  croîs  pas  qu'on  luy  accorde. 

Je  prcnda  la  liberté  de  me  recomander  aux  bontfe  de  voire  excellence 
et  de  luy  rapcller  que  j'ay  été  totallement  pillîé  de  lout  par  les  rebelles 
ainsi  que  la  famille  du  major  hugues  lord  du  iS*^  régiment,  ma  famille 
et  la  sienne  qu'il  avoït  laissé  a  mes  soins  ont  été  privées  du  dernier  mor- 
ceau de  pain  par  une  bande  de  brigants,  j'espère  que  les  rebelles  don- 
cront  quelque  chose  a  leur  situation  et  qu'ils  demanderont  la  paix, 
mais  en  cela  ils  consulteront  plus  leur  situation  présente  q'un  scincerc 
repentir,  si  ce  que  je  n'ose  croire  le  gouwmemcnt  abbandonoil  mal- 
heureusement  ceux  qui  luy  sont  attachés,  il  scroit  a  son  tour  abbandonné 
de  loul  te  monde  dans  une  autre  occurence  que  le  fanatisme  des  pro- 
vinces  du  nord  fairra  bîentost  eclare. 

J'ay  l'honneur  d'etre  avec  la  plus  respectueuse  consideration  de 
votre  excellence. 

Monsieur,  Le  trfes  humble  et  Lr^  obéissant  serviteur 

ROCUEBLAVË,  com*  aux  iUinois. 

new  yorc  le  9.  7**^  1780. 

[Translation.] 
colonel  on  parole  was  seul  and  the  Virginia  gm-crnmcnt  was  asked 
that  he  (Mr.  Hamilton)  might  come  here  on  his  parole;   but  I  do  not 
believe  that  it  will  be  granted  to  him, 

I  take  the  liberty  lu  recommend  myself  to  the  favors  of  your  Kx- 
cellency  and  to  remind  you  that  I  have  been  totally  plundered  by  the 
rebels  of  all  I  hod  as  was  also  the  family  of  Major  Hugh  Lord  of  the 
i8th  regiment.  My  family  and  his,  which  he  had  left  in  my  care,  were 
deprived  of  the  last  piece  of  bread  by  a  band  of  brigands.  I  hope  that 
the  rebels  will  give  some  heed  to  their  situation  and  that  they  will  ask 
for  peace;  but  in  that  they  will  consult  rather  their  present  situation 
than  a  sincere  repentenre.  If  the  government  should  unfortunately 
abandon  those  who  arc  atlarhed  to  it  —  a  thing  I  hanJIy  think  probable 
—  the  government,  in  turn,  would  Ik;  aI>iindon«3  liy  evcr)-body  in  an- 
other occurrence  which  the  fanaticism  of  the  northern  provinces  will 
cause  ere  long  to  break  forth. 

I  have  the  honor  lo  be,  with  the  most  respectful  consideration, 
j'our  Excellency's  very  humble  and  very  obedient  ser^-ant, 

Ri)CHt:BLAVE:,  Commandant  at  Illinois. 

New  York,  Sept.  9,  1780. 


UL  LA  BALME'S  ADDRESS,  SEPTEMBER  17,  17S0        181 

[Endorsed:]     N.  Yorck.    &o. 

de  Rochcbla^'c. 

du  9.  Sept. 

par  M""  Schiffeling. 

\Addressed:]  On  His  Majesty's  Semce.  Frederick  Haldimand  esq' 
Lieutenant  General  riovemor  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Province 
of  Quebec,  Vice-admiral  of  the  same  ftt  &c.  &c.  Quebec. 

per  L*  ScairrELm. 

[Translation-] 

[Endorsed:\     N,  York.    80 

of  RochebUve. 

of  Sept.  9th. 

by  Mr.  Schiffelin. 


Address  or  Colonel  de  la  Bauie,  Sept.  17, 17S0. 

[B.  M.,  11844,  t-  384-—  Copy(?)) 

Addrcssc  aux  Français  Etablis  sur  les  rives   du   Mississipi   par 
Monsit-ur  Moltin  De  la  Balme  Colonel  françaw  et  pensionnaire  du 
Roy  du  France. 
Messieurs  et  cher  Compatriotes, 

Quand  Je  ne  serais  pas  sujcls  et  officiers  français  quand  le  Roy  de 
France  mon  digne  maître  ne  me  ticndrott  pas  compte  de  mes  dcamarches 
en  votre  faveur,  chose  que  je  suis  loin  de  panser,  quand  vous  ne 
m'auriez  pas,  demandas  mon  advis  concernant  L'état  déplorable  ou 
TOUS  êtes  réduits,  L'acucil  gracieux  que  vous  me  faites,  La  reconnois- 

[Transialitm.] 
Address  to  the  French  settled  on  the  banks  of  tbe  Mississippi,  by 
M,  Mottin  De  la  Balme,  French  colonel  and  pensioner  of  tbe  King  of 

France. 

GSNTLEMKM  ANU  DeAR  FeLLOW-COUNTRVMEN  : 

Fvcn  were  I  not  a  subject  and  oflicer  of  France,  even  tiiou^  tbe 
King  of  France,  my  worthy  master,  should  nut  be  grateful  to  me  foff  the 
steps  I  am  taking  in  your  favor,  a  tiling  1  am  far  from  thinking;  even 
if  you  had  not  asked  me  for  my  advice  concerning  the  deplorable  con- 
dition to  which  you  are  reduced,  still  the  courteous  honor  which  you  do 


i84 


n.I.mOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


puisque  vous  épousez  la  cause  du  Roy  de  Franrc  et  de  ses  alliez,  troupca 
qui  loin  de  vous  preserver  des  fureurs  d  un  Ennemis  cruel,  vous  rend  Ic3 
viclîmcs  d'une  guerre  <|ue  des  indiens;  eonstamcnt  amis  des  Français, 
ne  vous  ussent  jamais  fait  sans  elles. 

La  Justice  qui  caractérise  les  actions  du  Roy  de  France,  votre  ancien 
cl  généreux  monarque,  vous  offre  une  protection  assurées  et  irevocable, 
reclamés  ses  bontéea  avec  confiance,  J'ose  vous  assurer  que  non  seule- 
ment, ce  maK''*"''^^  potantat  ne  soufrira  pas  que  des  alliez  pour 
lesquels  il  /ait  de  1res  grands  sacrifices,  vous  oppriments  en  aucune 
manière,  Mais  qu'il  ^-ous  secourrai  de  tout  son  pouvoir  ainsy  que  vos 
parents  du  Detroit  et  du  canada  instruit  de  votre  fâcheuse  situation 
l'honorable  Congrès  n'en  fera  pas  moins,  vous  devez  en  cire  persuadés. 
Les  V'irginiens  ne  sont  pas  le  seul  fléau  que  vous  accable,  messieurs; 
De  leurs  cotés  les  Barbares  Anglais  qui  donnent  abbondament  des  Etofes 
des  munitions  de  guerre  et  qui  répandent  avec  profusion  les  Liqueurs 
Brûlantes  (dieu  ïutelaire  des  indiens)  pour  vous  faire  égorger  par  eux 
les  uns  après  lus  autres,  ne  vous  permet  pas  denvi&ager  avec  indlSerencc 
l'ctat  critique  ou  vous  êtes  réduit. 

\TrnnsIalirtn.] 
Frani-c  and  of  his  allies;  troops,  which  far  from  preserving  yuu  from 
the  fury  of  a  cruel  enemy,  make  you  the  victims  of  a  war  with  the  In- 
dians, ever  the  friends  of  the  French,  which  they  never  would  have  nude, 
bad  it  not  been  frir  the  troops. 

The  justice  which  characterizes  the  King  of  France,  your  former 
and  generous  monarch,  offers  to  you  a  protection,  sure;  and  irrevocable. 
Implore  his  favors  with  ronfulenrc,  fnr  I  ran  assure  you  that  not  only 
that  magnanimous  potentate  will  not  suffer  his  allies,  for  whom  he 
is  making  very  great  sacrifices,  to  oppn-ss  you  in  any  manner,  but  also 
he  will  succor  you,  as  far  as  he  is  able,  anrl  also  your  kinsmen  in  Detroit 
and  in  Canada,  when  once  informed  of  your  wretched  situation,  the 
honourable  Congress  will  do  no  less,  you  ran  be  sure  of  that. 

The  Virginians  arc  not  the  only  scourge  which  afflicts  you,  gentle- 
men. On  their  side  the  Fjiglish  barb.irians  are  giving  abundantly  of 
goods,  of  munitions  of  war,  and  arr  sj-aticring  with  profusion  burning 
liquors  (the  guardian  God  of  the  Indians)  in  order  to  have  your  throats, 
one  after  the  other,  cut;  this  does  not  permit  you  to  look  with  indiffer- 
ence at  the  critical  condition  to  which  you  are  reduced. 


DE  LA  BALME'S  ADDRESS,  SEPTExMBER  17,  1780        185 

Cependant  avec  un  peu  de  Résolution,  mesneurs.  vous  pourriez 
preadre  un  parti  qui  vous  mettcroJt  a  couvert  des  dangers  que  vous 
courrés  sans  cela  voyons  commant. 

A  la  guerre  il  est  gencrak-mcnt  reconnu  que  les  troupes  qui  agissent 
ofiencivcment,  ont  un  très  graiid  avantage  sur  celles  qui  sont  sur  la 
deffcnsivc,  parceque  îndépcndamcnt  des  surprises,  les  premieres  atta- 
quent dans  l'instiint  le  plus  favorable,  et  dans  les  endroits  ou  on  leurs 
oppose  le  moin  de  Resistance. 

Vous  êtes  dans  le  Cas  des  seconds,  messieurs,  vos  Ennemis  peuvent 
venir  en  Renauds  vqus  arceler  quand  il  leur  plaira,  et  vous  miner  peu 
a  peu,  jusqu'à  ce  que  vous  sucorabiez  sous  ses  Efforts  rendivez. 

Pourquoi,  si  cela  depend  de  vous,  ne  feriez  vous  pas  une  Guerre 
ofiencive,  avant  que  vous  n'en  soj-cs  pas  en  état? 

Pourquoi  ne  metrtez  vous  pas  a  couver  de  l'ennemis  vos  femmes 
vos  enfants,  votre  personne,  vos  biens,  et  vos  animaux  ? 

Trouveroient-ont  beaucoup  d'habitant  parmi  vous  qui  fussent  assez 
irésonnables  pour  se  refuser  aux  mediocre  sacrifices  ({u'exîgerait  un  tel 
projet?    Y  auroil-il  beaucoup  de  jeunes  français,  qui  ne  voulussent  pas 

{Translation.] 

However,  with  a  little  resolution,  gentlemen,  you  would  be  able  to 
accomplish  that  which  would  put  you  under  cover  from  the  dan^rs 
wbich  you  rixn  without  it  :  let  us  see  how. 

In  war  it  is  generally  recognized  that  troops  which  are  on  the  offen- 
sive have  a  great  advantage  over  those  on  the  defensive,  because,  aside 
from  surprises,  the  former  attack  at  the  most  favorable  moment  and 
in  the  place  where  they  find  the  least  resistance. 

You  are  in  the  position  of  the  latter,  gentlemen.  Your  enemies 
can  come  prowling  around  and  harass  you  whenever  it  shall  please  them, 
and  weaken  you  little  by  little,  until  you  succumb  under  their  renews 
efforts. 

Why,  if  this  depends  on  you,  should  you  not  make  an  offensive  war 
before  it  is  loo  late  for  you  to  do  so? 

Why  should  you  not  put  under  cover  from  the  enemy  your  wives, 
your  children,  your  mvn  selves,  your  possessions,  and  your  cattle? 

Could  one  find  many  inhabitants  among  you  who  would  be  .so  un- 
reasonable as  to  refuse  to  suffer  the.  small  sacrifices  which  such  a  project 
would  require?    Would  there  be  many  young  Frenchmen  who  would 


i86 


TLLINOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


dtffandre  courageusement  leurs  pères  et  meres,  leurs  frères  el  soeur? 
Non,  je  ne  puis  je  ne  saurais  le  penser,  Les  Premiers  verrnicnt  bientôt 
qu'ils  ne  pourroieni  achcptcr  la  Paix  et  la  tranquilité  trop  cher;  Les 
Seconds  scntiroient  que' la  honte  est  mille  fois  plus  insuportable  que  la 
Peine  et  l'es  dangers  qu'ils  pourroicnt  courir  ne  seroïcnts  grands. 

Afin  qu'on  exagère  rien,  je  vais  sucssintement  entrer  dans  quelques 
détails  concernant  celte  exp<!dîtion  future  tant  pour  l'ordre  de  la  marche, 
W  nombres  des  troupes,  que  pour  les  Provisions. 

Pour  agir  avec  prudancc  et  succ*;^  il  faudroit  se  rendre  au  ouyaâ  le 
Dixième  Jour  doctobre  afin  d'aller  surprendre  ou  Bloquer  les  Anglais 
au  Détruit  dans  l'ordre  espliqués  si  après  400  cents  français  munis 
chacun  de  cent  cartouche  et  des  vivres  pour  40  jours  800  cenU  Indiens 
choisis  ausqueU  ou  distribueroît  a  chacun  douze  cartouches  en  sorte 
qu'il  en  reslcroil  encore  autant  pour  distribuer  a  un  pareil  nombre  en 
cas  qu'il  en  fut  besoin,  une  lanle  pour  mettre  les  armes  et  les  munitions 
a  cuuwrt  en  tems  de  pluycs,  huit  chaudières  et  huit  chevaux  pour 
porter  k>£  ustcnciles,  et  quelques  provisions  aux  indiens. 

I  TramlatioH.] 

not  Ijc  willing  to  defend  courageously  Iheir  fathers  and  inoihcrs,  their 
bri.>thers  and  sisters?  No,  1  cannot,  I  could  not  ]KJssibly  think  so. 
Tlie  first  will  see  soon  that  tiiey  will  not  be  able  to  buy  [leacc  and  tran- 
Huillity  UM>  dearly;  ilie  second  will  feci  tliai  shame  Is  a  llmusaml  times 
more  unbearable  than  suffering;  and  the  dangers  which  they  may  run 
will  not  l>e  great. 

In  order  that  nothing  lie  exaggerated,  I  will  briefly  enter  into  some 
details  concerning  this  future  expedition,  not  only  about  the  order  of 
man-h,  the  numtxrr  of  troops,  but  also  alwut  jirovisions. 

In  onkr  to  act  with  prudence  and  .succew  it  would  he  necessary  to 
reach  the  Outaianon.s  on  the  tenth  day  of  Orlolier,  so  as  |o  surjirisc  or  lo 
block  the  English  at  Detroit  in  the  order  explained  herewith:  four 
hundred  Frenchmen  supplied  with  one  hundred  rounds  of  ammunition 
iipiece  and  suppHci  for  forty  days,  eight  hundred  chosen  Indiana  to 
whom  there  w<nild  he  distributed  twelve  rounds  of  ammunition  apiece  so 
lliat  there  would  remain  still  as  many  rounds  lo  l»c  dislributed  lo  an 
equal  number  in  case  of  need;  a  tent  in  order  lo  put  the  arms  and  muni- 
tions under  cover  in  lime  of  rain  ;  eight  large  kettles  and  eight  horses  to 
carry  the  utensils  and  some  provisions  for  the  Indians. 


L 


DE  LA  BALME'S  ADDRESS,  SEPTEMBER  17.  1780        187 

De  plus  les  habitants  du  Poste  de  Mnccnnc  qui  portcroîcnt  du  mais 
et  du  talwc  au  rendez  vous  aux  ouyas  pour  donner  aux  Nations  afid(*€5 
aux  français  îiuinicnt  besoin  en  retour  de  cent  livres  de  Plomb,  car  ils 
(l'ont  que  la  Poudre. 

Maintenant,  comme  on  scrois  plus  assurés  des  Indiens  si  on  pou- 
vois  leurs  faire  quelques  Prcsants  qu'  on  ne  I^et  maigre  les  promesses 
qu'ils  mont  fait  de  me  suivre  partout  j 'ïrois  en  guerre,  il  seroit  essentiel 
ou  tout  au  moins  utile  de  composer  imc  somme  d'cn\'iron  ïrois  mille 
livre  qu'on  emploirois  a  achcptcr  des  marchandises  qui  arrivent  de  la 
Nouvelle  Orléans  sur  le  Bateau  qui  avoît  etc  Expcd.ie  de  S'  Louis  et  qui 
doit  arriver  a  sa  destination  inccssiunenl. 

Je  ne  scay  si  je  m'abuses,  messieurs,  mais  j'ay  l'honneur  de  vous 
avouer  que  je  serois  clnmgcment  surpris  a  en  juger  par  les  dispositions 
de  la  plus  grande  parties  des  français  que  j'ay  eu  le  plaisir  de  voir  et 
d'entendre,  cy  on  se  rcfusoîs  dans  une  semblable  rirconstancc  a  une  ex- 
pedition qui  peut  sauver  la  vie  et  les  biens  de  beaucoup  d'habitants  qui 
peut  concourir  a  l'expultion  d'une  troupe  qui  vous  moleste;  qui  vous 
fernit  beaucoup  d'honneur,  qui  dcUvTcroit  d'une  afreuse  et  insuporlablc 

[Translation.] 

Moreover  the  inhabitants  of  Post  Vincennes  who  are  to  take  com 
and  tobacco  tn  the  plate  of  meeting  at  the  (Juialanons  in  order  to  give  it 
to  the  nations  allied  to  the  French,  would  need  in  exchange  one  hundred 
pounds  of  lead,  for  they  have  nothing  hut  powder. 

Now  as  vre  should  be  more  confident  of  the  Indians  than  we  are 
now,  [?]  in  spite  of  the  promises  they  have  made  to  follow  rae  wher- 
ever I  should  go  in  war,  if  we  could  make  them  more  presents,  it  might 
be  essential  or  at  least  wise  10  make  a  collection  of  some  three  thousand 
UtTes  which  would  be  used  in  buying  some  merchandise  w]iich  is  about 
to  arrive  from  New  Orleans  on  a  boat  that  has  been  sent  from  St.  Louis 
and  is  to  arrive  at  its  destination  shortly. 

I  do  not  tnow  whether  I  am  mistaken,  gentlemen,  but  I  have  the 
honour  to  avow  to  you  that  I  would  Ik;  vcrj-  much  suqjrised,  judging 
from  the  inclination  of  the  greater  part  of  the  French  whom  I  have  had 
the  pleasure  to  sec  and  to  hear,  if  you  refused,  in  .such  a  circumstance 
as  this,  to  make  an  expedition  which  can  save  the  lives  and  possessions 
of  many  inhabitants;  which  ran  contribute  to  the  expulsions uf  troops 
which  annoy  you;   which  would  do  you  great   honour;   and  which 


i88 


ILLINOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


captivité  des  amis,  des  iiareols  et  des  frères;  qui  dcsuLstrueroît  voljre 
commerce;  qui  vous  attacheroit  tous  les  indiens  singulièrement  disposé 
pour  vous  et  que  vous  avez  le  plus  grand  interests  de  mûnagcr;  qui 
vous  procua-ruit  lie:iucoup  de  marchandises  dont  vous  £te  enti^n-mcat 
depour\'u,  marchandises  repartie  dans  différents  Posies  qu'on  enlu%"crott 
aiscmcnl  aux  Anglais;  qui  \'uus  vaudroît  la  conttancc  et  un  appuit  de 
l'honorable  Congrès,  qui  tt>nvaJncroil  enfin  le  Roy  de  France  <lu  vîf 
intérêt  que  vous  prenez  a  une  cau.sc  |>uur  laquelle  il  a  déjà  fait  des 
grand  KKTÏiia-s,  et  qui  vous  procuieroit  de  sa  part  en  peu  du  tems  tous 
les  secours  imaginables. 

Voila  ce  que  mon  attachement  a  vous,  messieurs,  ma  dictes,  si  mon 
«lie  et  le  bon  exemple  que  je  me  propose  de  donner  dans  cette  Expé- 
dition en  Cas  qu'elle  ait  lieu  \'ous  agrées^  je  suis  prêt  a  Emplo}'er  mes 
facultés  corporelles  Intclcctuelle,  Je  suis  prêt  a  répandre  mon  sang  en 
votre  faveur,  vous  n'avez  qu'un  mot  a  dire  pour  cela,  dans  cet  Espoir 
j'ay  rhonneur  de  vous  presenter  mes  tendres  afTections  comme  une  gage 
de  l'inviolable  parole  que  je  vous  donne  îcy  de  cceur  et  Dame. 

[Translaiion.] 
would  deliver,  from  an  atrocious  and  unbearable  captivity,  friends, 
relatives,  and  brothers;  which  would  free  your  commerce;  which 
would  draw  to  you  all  the  Indians,  particularly  well  disposed  towards 
)'ou  and  in  whose  management  you  are  gready  întcrcsitd;  which 
would  furnish  you  with  much  merchandise,  uf  which  you  are  in  want, 
merchandise  scattered  throughout  the  diffcn-nt  posts,  which  cme  would 
take  away  from  the  Knglish  with  ease;  an  cxijedition,  which  would 
gain  for  you  the  confidence  and  supjjort  of  the  honourable  Congress; 
which,  in  short,  would  convince  the  King  of  France  of  the  keen  interest 
(hat  you  take  in  a  cause  for  which  he  has  already  made  great  sacririccs, 
and  which  would  procure  in  a  short  time  for  you  all  the  succor  ima^n- 
able  from  his  bounty. 

Here  is,  gentlemen,  what  ray  love  for  you  bas  dictated  to  me.  If 
my  zeal  and  the  good  example  which  I  propose  to  give  in  this  expedition, 
if  it  takes  place,  please  you,  then  I  am  ready  to  employ  ray  bodily  and 
intellectual  faculties;  I  am  ready  to  shed  my  blood  in  your  behalf. 
You  have  hut  to  say  a  word  for  that.  It  is  in  this  hope  that  I  have  the 
honor  to  present  to  you  my  tender  affections  as  a  pledge  of  the  sacred 
word  which  I  give  you  here  from  my  heart  and  soul. 


ti 


INHABITANTS  TO  DE  LA  BALME,  SEPTEMBER  ag,  1780      1S9 

A  S»  Louis  Ic  t?"*  7*«  1780. 
[Endorsed:]    Address^  aux  Francois  etabU  sur  les  Rives  du  Missisîppî 
par  Mens'  Motlîn  de  la  Balme,  Colonel  Francois  ei  Pensionaire  du  Roi 
de  Fronce,  &c.    a  S'  Louis  le  17"'=  Scpl"  1780. 

Reçu  a  Quebec  le  4""  de  Dec^  1780 

[Translation.] 

At  St.  Louk,  Sept.  17, 1780. 
[Endorsed:]    Addrcs-scrf  to  the  French  settled  on  the  hanks  of  the  Mis- 
sûsippi,  by  M.  Mottin  dc  la  BaJmc,  French  Colonel  and  pensioner  of 
the  King  of  France,  etc. 

At  St.  I^uis,  Sept.  17,  1780. 

Received  at  Quebec  the  fourth  of  December,  1780. 


Inhabitants  or  Kaska^kia  to  Dc  la  Bauuc  September  29,  1780 
[M.  C.  T.  MSS.— Auwiwl  Copy.J 

Addresse  des  habitants  des  KasfGisKias 

A  Monsieur  Motlin  de  la  Balme  Colonel  français,  et  Pensionnaire 
du  Koy  de  fiance,  ancien  Inspecteur  General  de  La  Cavalery  des  Etal» 
unis  De  La  Merique  5:c.  &;c.  Ikc 

MONSCEUK, 

Témoins  du  Zcl  qui  Vous  anime  En  faveur  des  Infortunés  français 
qui  habitent  Ses  Centrées,  joint  aux  peu  d'éxpericnœ  que  nous  avons, 
nous  engage  d.  Réclamer  Votre  prulecûon,  nous  Vous  prions  Listament 

[TraHslation.] 
Address  of  the  inhabitanis  uf  Ka^kaskia,' 

To  M.  Mottin  dc  la  Balmc,  French  Colonel,  and  Pensioner  of  the 
King  of  France,  former  In.<tpector  General  of  the  Cavalry  of  the  United 
States  of  America,  etc,  etc,. 
Sn: 

.\s  witnesses  of  (he  zeal  which  animatr.s  you  In  favor  of  the  unfnr- 
tunale  French  who  inhabit  these  regions,  joined  to  the  lilUc  exjicricncc 
we  have,  we  arc  induced  to  ask  for  your  protection.    Wc  urgently  be- 

>  Al  the  linw  I  «u  «Tilinj!  the  Inlroduclian  to  lit.  flin.  Collations.  l\ .  ihw  addrcu  la  Dc  Ia  B«lme 
i>u  mâpluxl  Kin«s  my  lupm,  lOtlHl  on  p.  xciv„u.  i,  I  MainJ  Ihal  luj  addrMi  f com  KaAukliiluul 
bem  (n>âTciL  Uolunutuid*,  il  ttimiial  tgcnrc  [»  Iv  ■*  vdualilc  ai  1  had  hupcd,  and  ■>■  reaxdut 
•«•at*  il  MM  Ui  be  coDiDHtil  to  <hc  memoiial  oS  t>i«  CabnkUjia  E''i"'<*<l  'i>  II)»  ibove  voliune  U.,  p.  sjs. 
Of  tlut  lit  Ihe  faifle  of  VbtEnnn,  a  cupy  uJ  afiich  ii  in  the  Unu^d  C'litaicn,  T.  USS. 


Tg^  HXINOtS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

de  Vouloir  prettec  une  oreille  attentive  au  ces  jusles  Kcprcseûtations, 
d'un  peuple  qui  Gemy  depuis  Longtemps  Sous  La  tirannyc;  L'orsqu'il 
devToicot  cstre  Libres. 

Depuis  L'arrivées  des  Virginiens  aux  iltlnois  et  Les  promesses  qu'ils 
nous  ont  faits  de  jouir  paisséblcnient  Des  droits  attachés  aux  Ktats  unis 
de  La  Merîquc  Promesses  que  nous  \'oyons  aujourd'huy  n'eslre  autres 
choses  que  des  fictions,  desquels  jusqua  Ce  jour  nous  avons  Eté  Duties  ; 
Nous  avons  Eté  Constament  malheureux. 

Nous  aurons  L'honneur  de  Vous  prévenir  et  De  Vous  assurer  Mon- 
sieur que  nos  Cœurs  et  nos  Sentiments  Sont  français,  et  que  nous  ne 
dégénérons  jamais  de  Cette  qualité  Estimable  a  nos  Yeux;  Ce|>endant 
Les  Virginiens  qui  Se  Sont  Inlroduil  chez  nous  aux  aux  [sk]  nom  de  La 
&ance  Et  des  Etats  unis  alliez  de  cette  Puissance  nont  cherchez  que 
notre  perte  Soit  dans  La  Guerre  qu'ils  nous  ont  alliées  de  La  part  des 
Indiens  amis  des  français  mf  me  Soit  En  levant  de  Vive  forces  nos  sub- 
sistances, aux  prejudices  de  nos  familles  qui  En  manquent.  Soit  En&n 
par  d'injustes  Exactions  dont  Le  Detail  Seroit  trop  long,  Et  mi^rae  Dé- 
placée a  Vous  faire  En  cette  lùrrit;  Kn  Effets  Monsieur  n'est  ce  pas 

[Transltttion.] 
scech  you  to  lend  an  attentive  car  to  these  just  supplication  of  a  people 
who  have  been  gnwning  for  a  long  time  under  tyranny,  when  they  ought 
to  he  free. 

We  have  been  constantly  wretched,  ever  since  the  arrival  at  Illinois 
of  the  Virginians  with  the  promises  they  made  us  that  wc  should  ]>cacc- 
ably  enjoy  the  rights  belonging  to  the  United  Slates  of  America, — • 
promises  which,  wo  now  sec,  were  nothing  more  than  fii:tion,  by  which 
wc  have  been  to  this  very  day  duped. 

Wc  have  the  honor  to  inform  you  and  to  assure  you,  .sir,  that  our 
hearts  and  our  sentiments  arc  French,  and  that  we  shall  never  degenerate 
in  respect  to  this  quality  so  estimable  in  our  eyes.  Nevertheless,  Ihe 
Virginians,  who  introduced  themselves  into  our  country  in  the  name  of 
France  and  the  United  States,  allied  to  the  former  puwcr,  liavc  sought 
nothing  but  our  destruction,  either  in  war,  which  they  instigated  on  the 
part  of  the  Indians  —  the  friends  of  the  French  —  or  in  stealing  by  main 
force  our  sustenance,  lo  the  detriment  of  our  families  who  lack,  because 
ol  it,  or  fmally  by  unjust  exactions,  the  detail  of  which  would  be  (oo 
long  to  make  you  and  even  out  of  place  in  this  writing.    In  truth,  sir,  is 


INHABITANTS  TO  DE  LA  BALME,  SEPTEMBER  29.  1780      igi 

violer  Lm  traitds  sacrés  qu'ils  ont  fait  avec  Le  Roy  Oc  france,  Notre 
ancien  monarque,  que  de  molester  contre  touts  Droits  d'ancien  Sujets, 
toujours  prêts  a  Se  joindre  a  Ces  Drapeaux,  et  a  Ceux  de  Ses  allies  que 
de  ruiner  sans  resource  des  Colons,  aui  moment  ou  ils  Connvcnroicnt 
a  Sortir  de  La  mtserre  Insuparablc  Des  Nouveaux  Etahlisements,  En 
détruisant  Les  habitations  tuant  a  Coup  de  mousquet  Les  animaux 
domestiques  Dont  ils  ne  SauroienT  Se  passer,  El  en  introduisant  une 
Monoj-e  Sans  Valeur  qu'ils  Refusent  eux  même  Et  qui  Réduit  Ix 
Numeraire  absolument  a  Rien  Eh  Sorte  qu'if  nous  Est  phtsiqucmcnt 
Impossible  de  nous  procurer  des  Secours  quelconques,  En  saisisant  Kn 
cnLcvant,  a  force  ouverte,  Les  Marchandises  des  malheureux  habitants  ; 
En  Soutenants  des  familles  Etrangerres  qui  ne  \^vent  journellement  que 
de  Rapine  Et  en  nous  Menussant  de  nous  fusUlicrs  En  Cas  de  resistance 
Envers  des  ordres  dictées  par  L'injustice,  et  la  Ra]>acité  De  Ceux  (|ui 
Oacnt  Les  donner. 

Voila  Jucscsatement,'  Jsuccessivement]  Monsieur  Le  tableau  des 
meaux  qu'endurent  d'infortunit'ea  habitants  qui  Se  jettent  dans  Vos 
bras  avec  une  cnticrrc  Coafiancc  que  Redame  La  justire  de  Leurs 

[TranstiUlon.] 
it  not  violating  the  sacrwl  trealiea  which  they  have  made  with  the  king 
of  France,  our  former  monarch,  lu  molest,  against  all  rights,  former  sub- 
jects who  are  nlwa}-!)  ready  to  join  under  his  Hag  and  that  of  his  allies? 
Is  it  not  a  violation  to  ruin  irretrievably  some  of  these  colonists  at  the  very 
moment  when  they  are  lieginning  to  come  out  of  the  unliiïarable  poverty 
of  new  settlements,  by  destroying  Ifie  homes,  Icilling  with  their  muskets 
the  domestic  animals  which  the  tnh:ibitanls  can  ill  afford  to  lose,  and  hy 
introducing  a  valueless  money  whii  h  they  themselves  refuse  and  which 
reduces  the  currency  to  absolutely  nothing,  so  that  it  is  physically 
impossible  for  us  to  get  any  kind  of  help  whatever,  and  furthermore  by 
seizing,  by  stealing  by  o|M-n  force,  the  menrhandLsc  of  the  unfortunate 
inhabitants,  by  maintaining  alien  families  who  live  daily  otdy  by  means 
of  robbery,  an<l  by  threatening  to  shout  us,  in  case  we  make  nisistance 
lo  orders  dictated  by  the  injustice  and  the  greed  of  tliosc  who  dare  to 
give  them. 

Here  is  in  order,  sir,  the  picture  of  the  oppressions  endured  by 
the  unfortunate  seltlcrs,  who  throw  themselves  into  your  arms  with  the 

•  word  "JMWM0U  '*  wu  wriiwn  fini  anl  ihao  a»  aiinniii  wa*  nudr  \t  clmntr  i\. 


19» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


anciens  Souverains,  et  Celle  de  L'hnnnorabtc  Congrès;  imploré  ea 
notre  faveur  Monsieur,  que  Ix  zellc  pur  infattquabic  et  Sans  borne 
qui  Semble  Vous  animer.  Envers  Les  Maliieureux  français  de  Ces  Con- 
trés désolé  Vous  porte  a  nous  tirer  de  L'oppiessïou  Sous  Laquelle  nous 
Gémissons.  Vous  Connoîsscz  notre  infortune,  et  La  Justice  de  notre 
Causse,  agisez  En  notre  nom.  Ce  que  Vous  ferais  est  d'avanoe  approuv<5 
de  Nos  Concitoyens,  Nous  Vous  Revêtons  De  tous  Les  droits  neCessaire 
En  concequance;  Eoân  Nous  Vous  Reconnaissons  unanimement  Pour 
notre  protecteur  Et  Notre  Suprême  Chef,  En  attendant  Le  Succès  que 
nous  avons  Lieu  D'espérer  de  vos  demarches. 

Nous  avons  L'Honneur  D'c&tre  avec  une  Respectueusse  affection 
et  un  Inviolable  attachement 

Monsieur  \'os  très  humbles  et  très  affectionés  Serviteurs  Délibéré 
aux  KasKasKias  Le  29""*  7'*^  1780. 


I  Transîiiiion.] 

entire  confidence  called  for  by  the  justice  of  their  former  sovereign  and 
that  of  the  honorable  Congress.  Implore  in  our  name,  sir,  and  may 
that  genuine,  untiring,  and  boundless  zeal,  which  seems  to  animate  you 
for  the  unfortunate  French  of  these  desolate  regions,  cause  you  to  suc- 
ceed in  drawing  us  out  of  this  oppression  under  which  we  groan.  You 
know  our  misfortune  and  the  justice  of  our  cause.  .\ct  in  our  name, 
and  whatever  you  do  is  approved  in  advance  by  our  fellow-citizens; 
we  invest  you  with  all  the  rights  necessary  thereto.  In  short  wc  recog- 
nize you  unanimously  as  our  protector  and  our  supreme  chief.  While 
waiting  for  the  success  which  we  have  reason  to  hope  from  your 
efforts,  we  have  ihc  honor  to  be,  with  a  respectful  esteem  and  an  un- 
changeable atlachmeot,  sir, 

Your  very  liumblc  and  very  devoted  servants 
Resolved,  at  Kasiuiskia,  Sept.  39tb.  [7S0. 


GOODS  FURNISHED   DE   LA  BALMK,  OCTOBER  a,   1780        193 


Stateucnt  op  Goous  Purmishe»  Db  la  Balheî,  October  2,  1780 

[M.  C.  T.  MSS.— D.S.] 
Etat  De  fourniture  quoa  luy  Los  habitants  des  KasKasKia  pour 
L'expédition  De  Monsieur  Le  Colonelle  de  la  fialme  SCavoire 

Mes'*  peheric  paux  de  cberreuU 

Joseph  Rrtsrt  un  chevalle >5o" 

AM  iieme  i  De  poudre  a  15.. ...<i 1 45  " 

un  pot  taflui  au  sauvage. 30^ 

JcAii  Bat.  SI*  Jcmme  Bsuvar 

un  ChcvalCc  LuiScrvsosdc  Montum. >.•> joo" 

htulivr»de  poudre .,..i..i ^.4 ..      .    no" 

100  II  farine  de  farine  [ne]  En  batfié .     35  t' 

Un  voîa);e  De  Cbarelce  au  Kâokia  pour  Mener  Le»  EfTec  de  l'expcdûion 

Dbtanase  Des  Kj&  de  vînte  deux  Lieux  60^1 

Un  Bary  Cerctee  de  ferre  foumy  aux  outUaia  NaSion  yndienc  du  oiu- 

btche ao" 

S-ÎS 
Mr.  Nicolas  La  Chanw 

100"  De  balle  a  35 laS" 

4»  de  poudre  donee  a  son  fils  E^t  a  Jaîson  [?]a  tj" 60 <■ 


[TransltUitm.] 
Statement  of  the  goods  furnished  by  the  inhabitants  of  Koskaskia 
for  the  expedition  of  Colonel  de  la  Baline.    To  wit 

[Reckoned  la]  furs,  decrakln^ 
livres  sals. 

MM.  JoMph  Kama,  a  hane, ■ 950 

Toiheaame  J  of  powder  aL  15 45 

A  jujl  of  tafia  to  an  Indiitn,- ..(.......... ao 

Jean  Baptiste  Si  Gemme  Baunûs 

A  bone  «erving  him  a.i  mount ...i^... 300 

Ei^l  pounda  of  powder ISO 

100  poundx  of  flour  fur  biicuît 35 

A  wagon-trip  to  Caboku  (o  lake  the  goods  of  ihe  expedition,  a  distance  of 

33  les)(ucs  frotti  RaskusWia -    60 

A  barrel  hooped  with  iron,  furnished  to  the  Ouiaianons,  an  Itidian  nation 

of  the  Wahash jo 

M.  Klcotas  Locbansc 

too  pounds  of  shot  at  25 - IS5 

Pour  pAundA  of  powder  (^ven  to  bis  son  and  to  Jaaon  at  15  lines 60 


194  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

S  b'^audevie  auontoine  a  lo" 50" 

une  Chaudierre  Couverte  au  ontaya 30  " 

40  De  besquy 17  H  los 

sSallioS. 

Stûie  De  Lautre  part En  pelterie 

paux  de  Chevreuil 

1133"  loS. 
Mis.  NiColas  janiase 

6"  Est  I  de  poudre  a  15 100' 

140  11  farine  En  bbqui 47  "loS. 

147  "loS. 

joaepht  Du  plasy 

Un  Chcvalle  Sellée  Est  brida 250  » 

10  "  De  poudre  aïs" 150  " 

60"  de  bisqui 20" 

43011 
Expedition  totalle 1700  H  pelterie 

Je  Certifie  que  Le  present  Compte  a  de  l'autre  Est  veritable  d  on  j'ay 
Plaine  Connoissance  Duplasi 

KasKasKias  le  2'"«  8**"=  1780 

[Translation.] 

Five  holtlcs  of  brandy  to  Antoine  at  10  livres jo 

A  kettle  with  cover  to  Antaya 30 

Forty  pounds  of  biscuit 17  10 

383  10 
Brought  over  from  the  other  side  in  furs,  deerskins 1133  10 

M.  Nicolas  Janis 

6|  pounds  of  powder  at  15 100 

140  pounds  of  flour  for  biscuit 47  10 

147  10 
M.  Joseph  Duplasy 

Ahorse,  saddle,  and  bridle 350 

Ten  pounds  of  powder  at  15  livres 150 

60  pounds  of  biscuit 30 

430 
Total  for  the  expedition 1 700  livres  in  peltries. 

I  certify  that  this  account  and  that  on  the  other  page  is  true,  of  which 
I  have  full  knowledge.  Duplasy. 

Kaskaskia,  October  3,  1780. 


ÏD! 


>BER  17,  I7to 


195 


Richard  Winston  |o  John  Todd,  October  17,  1780' 
IDni|icr  MSS..  S0J69.  —  A.  L.  S.] 
Sir,  Cascakia  i^'""  Oct'  1780 

Yours  by  M'"  Lindsay  was  the  last  I  have  the  Honor  of  Receiving 
since  which  n»  favourahlc  opportunity  has  offered  wherewith  you  could 
expect  to  hear  frnm  mc  until  Mr.  William  Ciclaspic's  departure  by  whom 
I  wrote  yau  as  fully  as  I  could  concerning  ihis  Country  and  in  Particular 
all  that  regarded  your  Department  ;  all  which  I  must  think  you  have 
forst'cn  before  you  went  off,  the  disagreeablcncss  of  which  every  thinking 
man  would  avoid  and  of  which  I  now  send  you  duplicate  together  with 
some  additions  since  that  time.  The  State  of  the  Illinois  is  far  from  be- 
ing in  so  easy  a  way  as  might  have  been  expected  from  the  Declaration 
of  the  Gen'  Assembly  had  their  Officers  a  little  Oeconomy,  concerning 
which  the  Magistrates  did  remonstrate,  which  remonstrance  was  treated 
as  insolence  and  Impertinence,  for  lianng  dared  to  remonstrate  against 
tlicir  ruinous  pr<Keeding3.  I  wish  all  may  be  looked  into  in  the  hopes 
of  which  all  is  tin  Record.  As  b*  the  Peltries  you  left  with  Col^  Mont- 
gomcric  &  mc  ilicy  [were]  taken  out  iif  my  hands  and  I  am  left  Ix;- 
hiiidhand  for  fifteiTn  Packs.'  how  I  will  or  may  be  indemnified  I  know 
nut  Col"  Montgonu^rie  says  that  his  Kstatc  is  sufficient  to  pay  a  great 
dea]  more.  I  wish  it  may  Ir*  so.  I  was  by  force  obliged  lo  give  up 
as  I  could  not  contend  with  Bayonctts  for  a  thing  that  is  not.  my  own. 

I  refer  you  to  M'  Lindsay  concerning  the  gootLs  purchased  by  him 
at  New  Orleans,  ihcy  are  now  in  the  possession  of  him  and  the  Plus- 
trious  Cap.  D<Klge.  I  wish  Oovernm*  may  get  a  siitisfactory  Ace •^  of 
them,  yet  I  doubt  it.  this  part  of  the  World  is  tixi  far  fnjm  Government 
local]  people  lo  acco»  before  it  is  too  late,  there  is  great  strides  taken 
for  to  make  Money  at  any  rale.  As  to  our  Civil  department  it  is  in  but 
an  indifferent  way  ever  [sincej  the  Military  have  refused  us  their 
Prison  for  which  we  off|ered  to]  Pay  very  handsomely  and  since  whi<'h 
they  stretch  greatly  [to  bring]  the  Country  under  the  Military  Rod,  and 
throw  off  the  Civil  authority  so  fond  they  are  to  be  nieddling  with  what 
h  not  within  their  Power,  there  is  strange  things  carried  on  in  this 
place.  Col.  Monlgoracric  is  gone  from  here  with  Brookes  &  family 
Thank  God.  Ca[»"  Bra-sheares  is  married  loBrookes's  daughter  Con- 
sequently has  Quit  the  Scr\-icc  and  gone  with  the  rest.    Col^  Mont- 

<  TUi  k  prlnlol  la  Va.  Slatt  Pafnt,  I,  jSo  aiuS  Cbliasu  Hi».  Soi  \r\y  Ctiittiant,  {v,  jjg, 

I  Yat  MantBoaiery'i  luimmt  caacxnilat  Ihcw  pdttte»,  m<  m«,  p.  ■  i8,  im. 


196 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


gnmcric  on  the  day  before  his  departure  did  endeavour  to  settle  the 
Pcltrie  fund  with  in  which  he  failed,  and  Ix-sides  the  Draughts  by  him 
drawn  on  mc  and  liy  me  Aca:ptcd,  to  the  am*  of  fifteen  parks  he  has 
fallen  iUiorl  eleven  Parks,  and  what  the  rest  has  been  expended  in  is  to 
he  looted  into  by  higher  (lowcrs.  there  is  no  accf  receipts  only  for  so 
many  packs  without  saj-ing  for  why  or  for  what.  Such  is  the  proceeding 
of  Col.  Montgomcric,  who  left  this  ig'**  Inst,  and  carried  with  him 
large  quantities  of  Provisions,  Boats  deeply  loaden  besides  five  Black 
slaves  for  all  which  the  Puhlick  fund  has  suffered.  Since  the  arrival  of 
this  Cap"  Bentley  there  has  been  nothing  but  dLicord  &  disunion  in  the 
place,  he  has  left  no  stone  unturned  to  extinguish  Ihc  Laws  of  the 
State  and  to  revive  the  Heathen  Law  l>eing  well  accustomed  to  Bribes 
&  entertainments.  Gowmment  Ought  to  regulate  the  Trade  as  there 
is  many  abuses  committed  under  Military-  sanctions.  There  passed 
this  way  a  Frenchman  called  himself  Col'  de  la  Balme,  he  says  in  the 
American  Service.  I  look  upon  bim  to  be  a  Mai  Content  much  dis- 
gusted with  the  Virginian  ytt  I  must  say  he  done  st>mc  good,  he  Pacified 
the  Indians,  he  was  received  by  the  Inhabitants  as  the  Hebrews  would 
receive  the  Messiah,  was  conducted  from  the  Post  here  by  a  large  detach- 
ment nf  the  Inhabitants  as  wx'U  as  différent  Trilx-s  of  Indians  he  went 
from  here  against  Detroit.  L>e  well  assured  that  the  Indians  were  on  his 
side,  got  at  this  place  &  the  Kahos  about  fifty  Volunteers,  are  to  Ren- 
dezvous at  Ouia.  Cap"  Duplaisie  iwm  here  went  along  with  him  to 
go  I'hiladelphia,  there  to  lay  before  the  French  Embassador  all  the 
Grievionces  labours  under  by  the  Virginians  which  is  to  he  strongly 
backed  by  M.  de  la  Balme.  'tis  the  general  opinion  that  he  will  take 
Baubin  tlie  great  Partizan  at  Miamls  and  from  thence  to  Fort  Pitt. 
this  is  all  that  I  can  say  only  that  he  passed  about  one  Month  here  with- 
out seeing  Colo.  Montgomerie  nor  did  Mnntgomerie  see  him.  It  being 
so  long  a  time  since  we  had  any  news  from  you  we  concluded  therefrom 
that  Government  has  given  us  up  to  do  for  ourselves  the  best  we  can 
until  such  time  as  it  pleases  some  other  state  or  Power,  to  take  us  under 
their  protection,  a  few  lines  from  you  woul[d]  give  some  of  us  great 
satisfarlion  j-et  the  gencrallily  of  the  People  are  of  the  opinion  ihat  thb 
Country  will  l>c  given  up  to  FranLc  be  that  as  it  will  a  few  lines  from 
you  [will]  add  much  to  the  happiness  of 

Dear  Sir  Vr.  M*  Kb""  Rich-i  Winston. 


MONTGOMERY  TO  WEBB,  APRIL  23.  17S3 


197 


RiCIiAKD  WiNSTOK  tO  QPHCER  CUHUANDING  AT  LoUISVILLE,  Octobcf 

24,  1780. 
pnper  MSS.,  5oJ;i.  —  A,  L.  S.] 

Kaskaskias  34*^*'  Octo.  1780 
Dear  Sœ, 

As  the  Gentlemen  to  whom  the  Letters  Sent  herewith  may  not  be  at 
Louisville  I  therefore  make  bold  to  Trouble  you,  and  pray's  you  forward 
them  to  Their  address,  as  Soon  as  posuble  as  the  Bearer  gwfî  no  farther 
than  your  Post,  Lett  me  request  [^5.  %mper}cc(\  Kindly  and  to  T^tt 
him  have  any  Little  thing  he  might  Stand  in  need  of  for  his  rctuni  on 
ace*  of  the  Commonwealth. 

For  new's  we  haw  none,  Colo'  Montgoraerj-  is  gone  home  by  way 
of  Orleans,  all  the  Troops  are  gone  to  Fort  Jefferson  EtcepI  Cap- 
tain Rogers's  Troop  of  Light  Dragoons  that  are  at  Fort  Clujlt  waiting 
for  further  Ord'*  having  nothing  more  to  add  Concludes  with  Best 
wishes  for  You  and  all  the  good  people  of  Louisville  and  am 
D"-  Sir  Your  Very  Hum'"  &  Obed»  Serv* 

Rich*"  Winston 

Capl"  Brashcars  is  Maricd  to  Brokes's  Daughter  and  the  whole  tribe 
arc  giinc  with  Montfjoinrry. 
[Addressedil    The  Commanding  officer  att  Louisville.    Falls  ol  Ohio 


John  Montgomery  to  Gxorcr  Wbbb,  April  23,  178» 
[Va.  State  Lib.  —  A,  I*  S.] 

Richmond,  April  33,  178a 
Sir, 

Agrecai>lc  to  your  Request  I  have  over  tooket  my  reccts  and  find 
onlay  two  Recepts  for  Bills  of  Eichauge  drawn  on  Mr.  Olliver  pnlick  ' 
the  one  in  favour  of  Mr.  Lefang  the  first  to  the  amount  of  three  thousand 
five  hundred  dollars  and  there  Ajwars  to  be  yet  two  other  Bills  drawn 
on  the  treasury  of  Virginia  for  This  the  one  in  favour  of  Mr.  perault 
in  behalf  of  Oliver  jrolick  for  which  I  Refer  you  to  Capt  John  Dodges 
Bookes  where  you  will  see  the  amount  of  the  Articles  &  the  Use  the 
were  applied  to  the  amount  of  Betwixt  Eight  and  nine  thous.ind  Dollars 
at  which  time  the  tnipes  must  Either  Avacuatcd  the  Cuntrcy  and  rtin 

1  Olivrr  P(illi<li  «at  iicnil  for  Virnniii  in  N«w  Orbsii'.  Mnuy  nl  Ihc  billi  conlraclMl  by  Clw% 
utd  hu  cAccn  mat  fêià  by  dmllj  on  PnlUcfc-     lli.  Uiil.  CoUtdimu,  ii.,  pp.  ilii,.  Izxv. 


198 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


the  Risk  of  Starving  on  their  gunney  if  I  had  not  a  maid  that  purchas, 
The  other  in  favour  ol  Mr.  Molvost  to  the  amount  of  upward  of  three 
thousand  Dollars  the  Exct  Sum  I  Cant  Certify  By  the  Reason  I  had  the 
Misfortune  to  Loose  the  Acount  By  Being  oversit  in  the  Masedpï.  tbe 
Reason  of  my  giving  the  Bill  in  favour  of  Molvost  I  was  ordered  to  go 
in  an  expedition  to  Opee  '  one  hundred  and  forty  Leagues  By  orders 
from  General  Clark  where  I  was  obliged  to  purchase  Botes  &  pro- 
vision for  three  hundred  and  fifty  men  fc  could  not  Git  them  on  Eny 
other  tarms,'  you  may  think  hard  of  the  Bill  Bciag  so  high  But  nolwith- 
slandtng  the  Sum  tk  were  Constrained  toeate  our  Horses  on  our  Return 
after  fasting  five  days. 

Which  1  did  Chcrfuley  in  behalf  of  my  Cuntrey  Had  I  made  a  forton 
in  the  lime  people  moui  hid  Reason  to  Suspected  me  But  to  the  Con- 
trcary  I  havp  spent  one  or  at  least  my  all  But  am  in  hopes  to  Be  Eable 
to  Live  a  piwr  and  priwt  Life  after  wards,  it  is  now  almost  fore  years 
That  r  have  not  Receive  one  shilling  from  Govcrracnt  Not  Withstanding 
I  advanced  Every  Shilling  I  had  &  strancd  my  Credit  till  it  Became 
Shred  Bear  Rather  than  draw  Bills  on  the  State  Still  in  hopes  of  som 
fund  Being  sent  to  scport  the  trapes  But  at  Last  wa.s  Compcld  to  it.  I 
now  ow  two  hundred  pounds  in  the  Illinois  Ul)ich  they  have  my  obli- 
gation for  for  the  seport  of  the  irups  that  was  Left  under  my  Command, 
there  will  apear  a  Large  number  of  Bills  drawn,  \Vhich  Mentions  so 
much  money  advanced  mc  for  the  Rccrui  Jng  Sarvis  the  Bounty  for  one 
hundred  men  at  Seven  hundred  and  dftcy  dollors  Each  Agréable  to  an 
act  of  .'Vsembley  far  which  I  hope  will  Be  Honoured  as  the  Men  are 
now  for  during  the  War  and  Bills  drawn  for  provisions  I  have  .sent  you 
an  abstract  By  Major  CritUngton  This  I  Certify  to  be  a  trcw  State  of 
the  mater  .'\nd  if  aneything  Else  a  pears  it  must  Be  a  counterfit  and  I 
have  the  honour  sir  to  Be  your  humble  sarvt 

John  Montoouerv. 
[Addressed:]    Honb.  George  Webb 

*  Eipcdiiian  to  Kock  Riva  in  i}So.    tU.  tiid.  CrUttUomi,  iL.  b«nU. 


INHABITANTS  TO  LUZERNE 


Î99 


Inhabitants  of  Kaskasku  to  Lu7xrne,  do  date. 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.  —  Altaled  Copj-.] 
A  Son  Excellenre  Monseigneur  Le  Chevalier  de  la  Luzcnw  am- 
basadeur  pour  Sa  Majesté  très  Crethienne  [sk]  auprès  des  Etat  unis  &c. 

MONSEIGNEtJS, 

La  sensibilité  que  nous  a  témoignié,  Monsieur  Le  Colonel  La  Balmc 
a  son  Pasage  dans  cette  colonie  de  la  triste  ï>ituation  ou  nous  nous 
trouvons  Sous  Le  Gouvernement  des  Virginiens  nous  décida  à  Luy 
adresser  tin  Ecrit  ou  nous  Luy  Expliquions  En  Bref  Les  meaux  dont 
nous  nous  trouvions  accablés,  sur  La  promesse  qu'il  nous  tit  de 
s'intenlsser  pour  nous  auprès  du  Congrès  Général  par  Le  MûUstcrc  de 
votre  Excellence,  afin  d'obtenir  Le  Redressement  des  Griefs  que  nous 
Luy  avons  Expliqué. 

Notre  pais  Environn<k!  de  Barbares  Et  en  partie  nos  Ennemis,  par 
Les  Rc^"oIutions  de  la  Guère,  Et  animés  par  La  Profusion  des  Presents 
qu'on  tcur  Li\*rc  toutes  jours  ont  mis  un  obstacle  fatal  au  Projet  de 
Moniùcur  La  Balme  party  dicy  avec  un  Certain  nombre  de  français 
pour  une  Expédition  quil  projetait  pour  Le  Detroit,  plusicur  de  Ce 

\Transiatiott.] 
To  his  Excellency,  IVtonseigncur  Chevalier  de   la  Luzerne,  Anv 
bassador  for  his  most  Christian  Majesty  to  the  United  States,  etc. 

MOKSCICNEUS: 

The  sympathy  for  us,  which  Colonel  dc  la  Balmc  manifested,  while 
pas^ng  through  this  colony,  on  account  of  the  sad  situation  in  which 
we  find  ourselves  under  the  government  of  the  Virginians,  induced  us  to 
address  to  him  a  piece  of  writing  in  which  we  explained  briefly  the  evils 
with  which  wc  wfre  oppressed.  We  did  this  because  of  the  promise 
which  he  made  us  to  represent  our  interests  to  the  General  Congress 
through  the  ministry  of  your  Exccllenc)'  in  order  to  obtain  justice  for 
the  wrongs  wc  explained  to  him. 

Our  country  is  surrounded  by  Indians  sumc  of  whom  are  uur  enemies 
by  the  changes  of  the  war.  Animated  by  tlie  prolusion  of  presents 
which  arc  given  to  tlicm  nvery  day  these  have  placed  a  fatal  obstacle 
to  the  plaos  of  M.  de  la  Balme,  who  went  away  from  here  with  a  number 
of  Frenchmen  on  an  expedititm  which  he  plarmcd  again-st  L'etroit. 
Several  members  ol  this  party  have  ;uât  returned  and  report  that,  after 


300 


HXINOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


party  viennent  d'arïver  icy  qui  raportent  qu'après  Sitrc  Emparé  du 
fort  des  miamis  quils  ont  éié  ataqu^s  par  cette  natioQ  en  se  rcsterant, 
que  plusieurs  ont  été  tui5s  mais  quils  ignorent  si  Monsieur  Le  Colond 
En  Est  du  Nombre,  ou  s'il  y  a  cté  fait  primnier. 

Cet  Evénement  fâcheux  nous  fcsoit  Entrevoir  rjuc  notre  Ecrit  aura 
été  Intercepté,  Kt  que  par  conscquuns  votre  Excellence  ignorera  La 
triste  situation  d'ancien  Sujet  d'un  prince  q\ie  nous  chcrisons,  nous 
prenons  la  litwrttf  de  vims  adresser  une  C(>ptc  de  I^crit  dont  Loriginal 
a  clé  Remis  a  Monsieur  Lalialmc  signes  de  tous  les  Citoyens; 

L'aliance  entre  Le  Roi  de  franrc  notre  premier  maître,  Et  Txs  Etats 
de  Lamerique  nos  souverains  aujourd'huy,  nou«  Engngncnt,  Monseig- 
neur de  suplicr  votre  Exrelltncx'  de  vouloir  voua  intéresser  auprès  du 
congres  General  pour  Le  Redressement  ries  Oriefs  que  nous  Expliquons 
par  notre  Ecrit. 

Notre  Génie  Est  Si  peu  de  Chose  quil  ne  noas  est  Pas  Possible  de 
nous  Exprimer  dans  des  termes  assca  ellequan  pour  vous  faire  con- 
noitre  La  Sincérité  de  nos  Coeurs,  nous  Sommes  Eloignes  de  la  Pro- 


[Translatiott.] 
having  taken  possession  of  the  fort  of  the  Miamis,  they  were  attacked 
by  thai  nation  and  in  retreating  many  were  killed  ;  but  that  they  do  not 
know  whether  the  colonel  was  one  of    the  killed  or  whether  he  was 
captured.' 

This  unfortunate  event  causes  us  to  believe  that  our  letter  may  have 
been  intercepted,  and  that  consequently  your  Excellency  is  ignorant  of 
the  sad  situation  of  the  furmer  subjects  of  a  prince  whom  we  love.  We 
therefore  take  the  liberty  to  send  to  you  a  copy  of  the  writing,  the 
original  of  which  signed  by  all  tlie  inhabitants  was  given  to  M.  de  la 
Blame. 

The  alliance  between  our  former  master,  the  king  of  France,  and 
the  states  of  America,  our  present  sovereigns,  induce  us,  Monseigneur, 
to  beg  of  yoiu"  Excellency  to  be  kind  enough  to  intercede  for  us  in  the 
General  Congress  for  the  reparation  of  the  wn>ngs,  which  we  explain 
in  our  writing. 

Our  talent  is  so  limited  that  tt  is  impossible  for  us  to  express  our- 
selves in  terms  eloquent  enough  to  cause  you  to  know  the  sincerity  of 
our  hearts.    We  are  separated  from  the  protection  which  belongs  to  us, 

I  He  ms  kUlFil  uJ  hU  pipcn  capttirrd,  Tboe  woe  imtl  In  (liiiRinfa  lUdimuiij  ul  rjiuuli, 
nnù  Id  tin»  vvrr  dtiuiiird  in  Uir  Briilili  Miutrum- 


INHABITANTS  TO  LUZERNE 


SOI 


tection  qui  vous  appartiens,  gouvernés  Par  des  Gens  qui   nont   pas 
Jusquaiijourd'huy  propos»!  a  La  Société  une  forme  de  Gouvernement 
ny  administration  de  la  Justice  Civîî  seul  apui  de  T,«3ristancc  du  Citoyen 
abandonné  donc  a  nous  même,  Monseigneur  sous  la  confiance  de  Cette 
même  aliance  qui  nous  Lie  par  un  Esprit  Patriotique,  il  ne  nous  Laisse 
d'autre  apui  que  la  Protection  de  votre  Excellence  que  nous  réclamons 
comme  anciens  Sujets  d'un  Prince  dont  voits  môme  ete  sujet. 
Nous  avons  L'honneur  dctrc  avec  Le  plus  Profond  Respect 
Monseigneur  de  Notre  Ejccellencc  Les  trcs  humbles  obéissant  Et 
soumis  Serviteurs 
A  Son  Excellence 

MoNSEiGNEirs  Le  Chevalieb  De  La  Luxeske 


\Translaiiim.] 
and  arc  governed  by  people  who  have  not  thus  far  proposed  to  the  com- 
munity a  form  of  government  or  administration  of  civil  justice,  the  only 
support  for  the  existence  of  the  citizen.  Thus  abandoned  to  ourselves, 
Monseigneur,  and  in  the  confidence  of  that  same  alliance  which  binds 
us  by  a  patriotic  spirit,  there  is  left  to  iw  no  other  support  than  your 
Excellency's  protection,  which  we  ask  as  former  subjects  of  a  priace 
of  whom  you  are  a  subject  yourself. 

We  have  the  honor  to  be  with  profound  respect.  Monseigneur,  your 
Excellency's  very  humble,  obedient,  and  submissive  servants. 

To  bis  Excellency 

MONSEIGKECJK  Le  CBEVAUER  DE   LA  LfZERNE. 


CHAPTER   VT 

TOE  TRIUMVIRATE.   OCTOBER   i8,   1780.  TO   MARCH,  ijSr 

Beîstley  Writes  to  his  Enemtrs  —  John  Rot.eks  Makes  Demani>s  — 
Thk  Magistrates  Complain  ok  Furthfh  Exactions  —  George 
MoRCAN  Writes  to  Dodge  —  Captaix  Rookks  Thrkatexs  an»  tue 
Magistrates  Show  Soue  Spirit  —  Captacn  George  Sevds  ms 
Si-MPATHY — Accounts  of  Mismanagement — Winston  Criticises  the 
Court  — Thomas  Bentley  Refuses  to  Take  Oath  or  Alixgianck 
—  He  Appeals  ro  Virginia  —  Ricoaho  M'Cariy  is  Appointed  Com- 
MissiovKR  TO  Virginia  aîîd  Makes  ms  Wn.L— A  Memorial  to  the 
Governor  —  CAPTAfN  Jams  Writes  of  De  la  Balmb. 

Thouas  Bentley  10  ois  Kneuies,  Sepivmbcr  5,  17S0 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.—  Allcslcd  Copy.] 

Mcs»curs  les  habitans  Particulièrement  Ceux  qui  ne  sont  pas  mes 
amis,  mais  qui  clierchcnt  a  me  faire  tord. 

A  mon  retour  Chémoy  hier  après  midy,  J'ay  apris  qu'il  y  avoit  une 
Bandit,  où  dclachcmcnt  Des  habïtans  a  ma  maison,  Ce  cy,  rt-nouvcllc 
En  moy  loutles  les  lujures  que  J'ay  reçu  Du  terap  de  roclicMavc,  La 
trainc  formé  Coaû'e  moy  par  ce  quoqin  [sic]  Et  Ea  plus  Grande  partie  de 
Vous  ses  Complisses,  les  atestations  faites  (rendent  que  j'etoia  En  Can- 
adas pour  me  ruiner  Et  soutenir  Rocheblave,  Cojiie  de  laquelles  j'ai 
entre  mes  main  témoins  Contre  vous  vos  sentiment  D'honneur,  t^n- 

[Tr/inslatîim.] 

Mesaeurs  the  inhabitants,  particularly  those  who  are  not  my  friends, 
but  who  seek  to  do  me  harm. 

Upon  my  return  home  yesterday  aficmoon,  J  learned  that  there 
had  been  a  band  or  detachment  of  the  inhabitants  there.  This  revives 
in  me  the  memory  of  all  the  injuries  that  I  suffered  in  Ihe  lime  nf  Roche- 
blave.  The  drag-net  prepared  against  me  by  that  rogue  and  most  of 
you,  his  confederates,  the  attestations  made  while  I  was  in  Canada  in 
order  to  ruin  me  and  support  Rocfacblave,  a  copy  of  which  1  have  in 
my  hands,  bear  witness  against  you  of  your  sentimems  uf  honor,  gener- 

303 


BENTLEY  TO  HIS  F.NEMIES,  SEPTEMBER  5,  1780        ao3 

érosilé  ou  amitic,  Et  que  presque  tout  les  habitant  He  C'est  Endroit  ce 
sont  jiiicnt  h  Rochcblavc  Pour  me  détruire  El  mcstne  se  sont  rejouît  de 
ma.  Destruction. 

Vos  satisfactions  k  mon  malheur  ne  pouvoit  ^strc  plus  Evidante  que 
dans  vos  Caresses,  et  soufrancjcs]  La  soctt?l(;  D'unnc  Grasc  [Garce], 
tnfammc,  Et  abandonne  qui  à  vécu  publiquement  En  violation  de 
toutte  Loix  humaines  et  Divine,  Je  sçay  que  la  plus  Grande  partie  de 
vous  sont  mortiffié  En  me  vovent  me  diîbatrc  pour  surmonter  les  diffi- 
culté dont  vous  mesme  Conjouinctemcnt  avec  le  Quoquin  Rochcblavc, 
Cerré  et  autres  mont  chargé,  Je  suis  persuades  qu'il  n'y  En  à  pas  dix 
parmy  Vous  dans  Ce  Village  qu'il  ne  souaitcrois  me  voir  Ecrazé  sous 
le  fardeau  de  Mes  malheures,  Je  sçay  que  C'est  un  Crime  pour  un 
Maudy  Anglais  D'etitreprendre  de  rester  parmy  vous  Les  Irlandais 
vous  convîcncQt  mieux,  Ils  sont  Egales  a  vous  En  perfidie,  Et  pour 
mentir»  flalcr,  et  Boire  Du  taffias  auteni  qu'auq'un  de  vous.  Je  ne 
désire  Pas  vos  visites  Chëmoy  de  telle  façon  les  regardant  pour  Le  plus 
grand  Insulte  Et  vous  falrié  bien  de  vouâ  désister,  personne  qui  me  veut 

[Tratisialion.] 
osity,  and  friendship,  and  that  almoâl  ail  the  inhabttanls  of  this  place 
joined  themselves  to  Rocheblave  to  destroy  me,  and  that  they  rejoiced 
at  my  downfall. 

Your  satisfaction  in  my  misfortune  could  not  be  more  evident  than 
in  the  kindnesses  shown  to,  and  in  suffering  ihe  society  of,  a  wench 
infamous  and  abandoned  who  lived  publicly  in  violation  of  all  laws 
human  aud  divine.'  1  know  that  most  of  you  are  mortified  to  see  me 
struggling  to  overcome  the  difficulties  which  you  yourselves,  conjointly 
with  that  rascal  Rocheblave,  Cerré,  and  others,  have  brought  upon  me. 
I  am  persuaded  that  there  are  not  ten  amongst  you  in  this  \'illage  who 
would  not  like  to  see  me  trushed  under  the  load  of  my  misfortunes. 
1  know  that  It  is  a  crime  for  a  damned  Englishman  lo  aiiempi  to  stay 
among  you;  Irishmen  suit  you  belter;  they  arc  equal  to  you  in  per- 
fidy; OS  for  lying,  fialtering,  and  drinking  latia  ihcy  tan  do  it  as  well  as 
any  of  you.'  I  do  not  desire  your  viàts  to  my  home  in  this  fashion, 
for  I  con^iider  them  as  the  greatest  insult;   and  you  would  do  well  to 


>  ProlaUy  >  irfrrniCC  tu  lih  wifr.  lec  fnl,  p  «jt, 

fdUMd  10  live  viiii  liis  wtic  alter  hb  rttvm  lu  Ulinon. 


TImtc  b  pltttty  ol  evidcacc  (lui  BcnitRf 


'  Rdncncr  I»  Riclnnl  MTartr.wllhirluint  ItCDllry  had  a  laKwltal  ibbllmc.    Scic»B<c,pL3t6; 
lU.  Uin.  CtlUiiwm,  lu,  cl. 


904 


ILLLNOIS  iUSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


du  bien  ne  vien  Chfcmoy  De  tcEIe  façon;  ma  maison  En  loutcmps  Est 
ouverte  pt.»ur  mes  amy  si  j'en  ay  je  les  connoit,  et  Suis  toujour  pan^à 
leurs  donner  toutle  satïsfactioa,  quon  peut  Exiger  d'un  homme  d'hon- 
neur et  d'intégrité.  Quelque  Vagabons  Infâmes  à  Eu  L'sudace  de 
Demander  A  visiter  mes  livres  Rien  que  L'ignorance  sans  Pareille, 
Jouint  au  plus  parfait  Impertinence  Irlandais  pouvois  penser  à  Cela, 
un  homme  du  mouindre  honneur  auroîs  le  méprisé  pareille  idée. 

Je  suis  informé  que  la  Caujte  pour  laqualîc  Vous  *tvs  Venue  est 
raporC  au  ta£as  Donné  au  Nègres  à  Ce  sujet  Je  vous  satisfait  sur  l'hon- 
neur D'un  homme  dintegrilé;  Ce  ncst  point  de  moy  qu'ils  En  ont  Eu  ny 
de  personne  de  ma  part,  ayenl  slrictcmcnt  deffcndue  pareille  Commerce. 

Je  Conclus  En  disvnt  que  si  Chaqun  de  vous  agissoit  En  Caractaire 
Donestc  homme  autant  que  J'ai  toujour  fait,  vous  ne  Cherchcrie  pas  ma 
destruction  Comme  vous  avés  déjà  fait,  les  Effets  mellan<:oliquv  Des 
quel  Je  me  resent  Encaure,  El  vous  nskuric  pas  Cherché  à  me  détruire 
Comme  il  nie  paroit  que  Vous  Este  Encaure  passionâ  a  faire,  Je  suis 
M"  voire  &c  &c  &c 

signe  Thomas  Dingtelav 

\TriinsltiJ!on.\ 
desist.  No  one  who  is  well  disposed  towards  me  comes  to  my  house  in 
such  a  manner.  My  hou&e  is  at  all  times  open  to  my  friends.  If  I  have 
any,  1  know  them  and  I  am  always  prepared  to  give  (hem  all  the  satis- 
faction that  can  be  asked  of  a  man  of  honor  and  integrity.  Some  in- 
famous rascal  had  the  auiJacity  to  ask  to  Inspect  my  books.  Nothing 
but  unparalleled  ignorant*,  joined  to  the  most  perfeci  Iriiih  imjiertinence, 
could  think  of  such  a  thing;  aman  of  the  least  honor  would  have  scorned 
such  an  idea. 

I  am  informed  that  the  cause  fur  which  you  came  was  in  regard  to  the 
tafia  given  to  the  negroes.  On  this  subject  I  can  satisfy  you  on  the 
honor  of  a  man  of  integrity,  that  it  was  not  from  me  that  they  had  it 
nor  from  any  iicrson  in  my  employ,  «nee  I  have  strictly  forbidden  such 
a  commerce. 

I  conclude  hy  sap'ng  that,  if  each  one  of  you  acted  the  character 
of  an  honest  man  as  well  as  I  have  done,  you  would  imt  seek  my  down- 
fall, as  j-ou  have  already  done,  the  melancholy  results  of  which  I  still 
resent  ;  and  you  would  not  ha\*e  sought  to  destroy  me  as  it  seems  to  me 
that  you  are  still  most  eager  to  do,  I  am,  genllcmcn,  your  etc.  etc.  etc. 

(Signed)  Thomas  Bentlev 


BENTLEY  TO   HIS  ENEMIES,  SEPTEMBER  5,  1780        205 


*bw 


1780 


Je  suis  Informé  que  lachansc  Et  Brazeatix  son  à  acumuler  tout  \es 
mahis  pour  Mr.  Ccrré,  Pourquoy  naurois  je  pas  la  même  liberté,  tendis 
que  peutestre  Je  donne  de  meilleur  Marchandise  Kl  à  meilleur  marché, 
la  raizon  Est  que  M""  Cerré  à  qui  Je  prouvera  un  jour  avenir  qu'il  est 
un  homme  sans  sentiment,  Est  un  français,  Et  Moy  un  maudy  anglais. 

aurois  je  rcsue  dans  ma  maison  une  ville  Garce  ])rostitué.  Et  sans 
principe,  le  Compurlcmi-nt  De  la  quelle  mferitc  le  mcpris  de  touttcs 
personne  qui  possède  le  mouaindru  sentiment  D'honneur  Je  suis  Con- 
vaincu que  Jauruis  Kn  vos  apiirohatiun  Et  Congratulations  à  Ce  Sujet, 
mais  iMîrmcté  moy  Mes-iâcurs  que  je  vous  dize,  que  Je  ne  Cherche  point 
Vos  applaudissement  voyent  que  Je  ne  puis  le  gagner  sans  avillîr  ma 
réputation  Ed  ver  le  reste  du  munde  Les  yeux  du  monde  sont  Sur  moy 
El  Je  Vous  .ipi)ni[ideruy  de  sçavoar  que  les  vrais  Englais  possedott  Des 
sentiments  Inconnue  a  la  genneratlittî  du  monde. 

Je  nentent  [Kiint  la  pr&ï«nle  pour  mes  amis  ain»  il  n'y  prcnderons 
point  de  mal,  pour  mets  Ennemis  ils  pourons  faire  Comme  ils  voudrons 
Je  nay  pasEncaure  unis  avec  Eux,  J'espairé  D'avoir  Justice  Contre  Eux. 

[Transtation.] 

Sept.  5,  1780, 

I  am  informed  that  Lachansc  and  Brazcaux  are  gathering  alt  the 
corn  fur  M.  Ccrré.  Why  should  I  not  have  the  same  lil)crty,  inasmuch 
as  it  may  be  that  I  pvc  better  merchandise  and  cheaper?  The  reason 
18  that  M.  Cerré,  concerning  whom  I  shall  prove,  at  some  future  time, 
thai  he  is  a  man  without  feeling,  h  a  Frenchman,  and  I  a  damned 
Englishman. 

Could  I  have  received  in  my  house  an  old  prositute  wench  without 
principle,  whose  actions  deserve  the  scorn  of  all  persons  who  possess 
the  least  sentiment  of  honor,  I  am  convinced  that  I  would  have  both 
your  approbation  and  your  congratulation»  on  this  subject;  but  allow 
me  to  tell  you,  gentlemen,  that  I  am  not  seeking  your  applause,  seeing 
that  I  cannot  gain  it  without  soiling  my  reputation  in  the  sight  of  others. 
The  eyes  of  (he  world  are  on  me  and  I  shall  leach  you  to  know  that 
true  Englishmen  poasess  sentiments  unknown  to  the  greater  part  of 
the  world. 

I  do  not  intend  this  letter  for  my  friends;  so  they  will  not  take  offence. 
As  for  my  enemies,  they  can  take  it  a.s  they  will  ;  I  have  not  yet  finished 
with  them;  I  hope  lo  have  justice  against  them. 


ao6  ■    ILLINOIS  HISTOKUJAL  COLLECI'IONS 

CAPTADf  John  Rogers  '  to  the  MACtsTaAXES  or  the  Codbt  at 
Kaskaskia,  November  lo,  1780. 

IM.  C,  T.  MSS.—  Altcslcd  Copy.] 

Aux  mapstrats  des  KasKasKîas  en  Cour  aascmbWs 
Messieurs  Jai  appris  que  vous  avez  beaucoup  d  envie  de  Savoir 
pour  quelle  Raison  Je  reste  en  cet  endroit  Je  voiis  diray  donc  que  cest 
en  Consequence  des  ordres  de  mes  Supérieurs  et  que  je  Suis  Dctcrtnioé 
a  y  resté  jusqu'à  ce  que  Je  Recois  des  ordres  au  Contraire  et  vous 
dcvcriés  Eslrc  Sensible  que  des  troupes  ne  voudront  pas  Jeûner  dans 
un  pais  d'abondance,  en  Consequence  Je  vous  demande  Comme 
magistrat  Civil  tenant  votre  autorité  de  Lestât  que  Jai  L'honneur  de 
Servir  Comme  officier  immédiatement  de  trouver  quelque  moyen  pour 
subsistir  Les  troupes  en  garnison,  soit  en  leur  donnant  des  billets  de 
logement  ou  autrement  de  la  manière  quil  vous  sera  la  plus  Conven- 
able, soyez  assuré  quil  vous  Scni  plus  facillc  de  nourir  trente  homme  que 
trots  cent  que  vous  serez  pcut-Ktre  obliKc  de  faire  en  Consequence  des 
mesures  ((ue  vous  pourrés  Kstre  pcrsuadiîs  de  prendre  par  des  mauvais 
Conseilles  dont  Je  suis  Certain  vous  ne  manques  pas,  assurés  vous  que 

[Trottilalion.] 
To  the  Magistrales  of  Kaskaskîa,  in  Court  .assembled 
Gentlemen  : 

I  hn-e  learned  that  you  are  very  desirous  tn  know  for  what  reason 
1  am  staying  in  this  place.  I  will  inform  you,  then,  that  it  is  in  conse- 
quence of  the  orders  of  my  superiors  and  that  [  am  resolved  to  remain 
here,  until  I  receive  orders  to  the  contrary.  You  ought  to  be  aware 
[hat  troops  will  not  be  willing  to  fast  in  a  country  of  abundance,  and 
[hereforc  I  ask  you,  as  civil  magistrates  holding  your  authority  from 
the  stale  which  I  have  the  honor  to  .serve  as  officer,  to  find  immediately 
some  means  for  maintaining  the  troops  in  garrison,  either  by  giving 
them  tickets  for  lodging  or  otherwise  in  the  manner  that  may  bu  most 
convenient  lo  you.  Rest  assured  that  it  will  be  easier  to  nourish  thirly 
men  than  three  hundred  which  you  will  be,  perhaps,  obliged  to  do  in 
coiise<iucntL'  of  the  measures  which  you  may  be  persuaded  to  take 
through  tlic  bad  counselors,  in  whom  I  am  certain  you  are  not  lacking. 
Be  assured  that  I  shall  not  allow  Ihem  to  pass  unnoticed  as  tbcy  itiink. 

'  ColonH  Miniif{nnirrT'  Irft  Kaiikukla^  Octuber  iS,  anrl  Ci)>uitn  ttiigm  «•««  t4»cnl  tn  Ctm- 
masiL     Oo  tbt*  cbaiita  contult  lU,  Bid.  C«lh4titiu,  il.,  iip.  scv.  d  m(. 


MAGISTRATES  TO  ROGERS,  NOVEMBER  18,  1780        307 

Jc  Bc  Iciir  permettray  pas  d'cchaper  mon  attention  Comme  ils  Le 
Croyent  Je  vous  demande  Encore  subsistance  des  troupes  en  garni- 
son Si  vous  refusas  vous  pourras  vous  en  repentir  I/orwpiil  sera  Imp 
tard  c'est  La  dernière  requête  de  cette  espèce  que  Jc  vous  ferai  Jc  ne 
vous  demande  pas  des  provisions  Sans  les  payer  quand  il  y  aura  des 
foods  que  peut  Etre  tot.     fort  Clark  le  10  çbre  i;8i  [1780^] 

Je  Suis  Messieurs 
traduit  par  Girault  Vos  trfe  humbles  serviteur 

John  Rogebs  Cap"*  Cumman 

[Tramiafiott.] 
I  ask  again  for  maintenance  for  the  troops  in  garrison.     If  you  refuse, 
you  may  repent  when  it  will  be  too  late.   This  is  the  last  request  of  this 
kind  that  I  shiiil  n:iakc  to  you,     I  do  not  ask  for  pmvisions  without 
paying  for  them,  when  there  shall  Iw  funds,  which  may  bc  soon. 
I  am  genllcmen, 

Your  very  humble  servant, 
John  Rogkks,  Captain  Commanding. 
Fort  Clark,  No%-cmbcr  10,  1780. 
Translated  by  Oirault. 


The  Magistrates  to  Captain  Rckiebs,  November  iS,  1780 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.—  AltMted  Copy.] 

KasKasKias  le  iS*""  novembre  17S0 
Mr  Rocers  Comrad. 
Monsieur, 

Nous  avons  Eu  L'honneur  de  recevoir  une  Lettre  de  vous,  Sur  le 
contenu  de  laquelle  nous  avons  consulte  tous  les  habitans  nos  concito- 

\Tranila(ion.] 

Kaskaskia,  November  t8,  1780 
M.  Rogers,  Commandant. 

Sir: 

We  had  the  honour  to  receive  a  letter  from  ynii,  on  the  contents  of 

which  we  consulted  all  the  inhabitants,  our  fellow-citizens,  who  have 

■  B^  a  Iaj«u  mmili  tlir  tlrtTe  1i»  wrium  ihr  ytnr  lwçoi>I«4  tbv  Iflltf  iaM«td«4  tbemr  ol 
llw  orûnnal.  THs  U  pn>i«<l  l>y  ihciUif  ofUicaiiauikin,  «McnbMftreh  f.  itSi.  The  lotcnan 
Id  IU,  Hill.  CoUniiimi,  II,  p.  cU,  ilr-iirn  Irmn  ikit  vmnglir  •bHdtOpy,  «tiould  lie  ccrrKtJnl. 


3tiS  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

yens  Qui  nous  ont  répondu  ([uc  leur  attachcmcni  a  la  Cause  amcriquaine 
leur  avuit  fait  sacrifier  tous  leurs  Biens  au  scrvite  de  L'EUit,  Qu'ils 
ont  fait  Evidemment  depuis  pr^  <Ic  trois  ann<!c.s,  ({ui  a  Icllcmcnt  réduit 
le  Pais  qu'il  est  hnrs  d'Ktat  de  fournir  a  Lirs  hahiUms  La  Subsistence 
nécessaire  pour  luy  mimes,  vous  n'igni»nîs  pas  qu'aprts  avoir  tout  pria 
ce  que  nous  étions  En  Etat  de  fournir  sans  nous  ruiner  L'on  a  tué  (sans 
notre  sçu  et  contraire  au  loix  de  nuire  <iimvememrnt)  nos  animaux  de 
charuSs  qui  nous  u  mis  inrapuliles  de  faire  les  Semences  nécessaire  Pour 
vivrcSf  vous  voyës  donc  qu'il  est  tout  a  fait  Impossible  que  nous  puissions 
vous  fiiirc  des  fournitures  de  vivres  malgré  notre  Bonne  Intention. 

Nous  sommes  très  sensibles  aux  menaces  que  vous  nous  faites 
puisque  nous  sommes  assurés  de  ne  pas  les  mériter  qu'elle  preuve  plus 
convainquante  de  notre  zé\e  et  de  notre  patriotisme,  pourrés  vous 
Exiger  que  celle  que  nous  avons  donn(î,  n'avons  nous  pas  reçu  le  premier 
porteur  du  pavillon  amcriquain  les  bras  ouverts  avec  la  faveur  de  Bons 
Citoyens?  n'avons  nous  pas  prouvé  notre  sincérité  assés  En  four- 
nissant tous  les  Besoins  de  la  troupe  depuis  son  arrivée  icy  En  les 
accompagnant  dans  toutes  les  sorties  qu'ils  ont  fait. 

[Traiislaiion.] 
answered  us  that  their  attachment  to  the  American  cause  had  made 
them  sacrifice  all  their  possessions  to  ihc  service  of  the  state,  which,  it  is 
evident,  they  have  done  for  almost  three  years;  and  this  has  so  reduced 
the  country  that  il  caniiol  furnish  even  the  necessary  subsistence  to 
llie  inhabilanls  themselves.  You  arc  not  ignorant  of  the  fact  tliat, 
after  having  taken  fn>m  us  all  that  wc  were  in  a  condition  to  furnish 
without  ruining  ourselves,  our  beasts  of  burden  were  killed  without  our 
consent  and  against  all  the  laws  of  our  government  and  that  this  ren- 
dered us  incapable  of  sowing  the  crops  nece^ssary  for  existance.  Vou  see 
then  that  it  is  altogether  impossible  that  we  should  be  able  to  furnish 
sujiplies,  in  sjiite  of  our  good  intentions. 

We  are  very  sensitivt  on  account  of  the  threats  you  make  to  us, 
since  we  are  sure  that  wc  do  not  deserve  them.  What  proof  more  con- 
vincing of  our  aeal  and  patriotism  could  you  require  than  (hose  which 
we  have  given  you  ?  Did  we  not  receive  the  lirst  standard-bearer  of  the 
American  flag  with  u\tca  arms  and  the  hospitality  of  good  citizens? 
Have  we  not  sufficiently  praved  our  sincerity  by  foumishing  all  the 
needs  of  the  troops  since  their  arrival  here,  and  by  accompanying  them 
in  all  the  campaigns  they  have  made? 


MORGAN  TO  DODGf;  DKCEMBER  i,  1780 

Consider^  donc  notre  situation  Kt  vofH  comme  il  est  Impossible 
quf  nous  vous  donninns  la  suKsistancc  puisque  nous  ne  l'ax-ons  pas 
pour  nous  mime,  daillcurs  vous  dcvtfs  sçavoir  que  L'intention  du 
Gouvernement  n'est  pas  de  nous  ruiner  Et  Que  le  Colonel  Clark  nous 
a  mis  a  choix  de  Garder  où  de  ne  pas  garder  des  troupes  icy,  vous 
En  sca\'és  L'inutilitd.  puis  que  nous  sommes  plus  En  Etat  de  nous 
protéger  Contre  nos  Ennemis  que  de  nous  priver  du  peu  que  nous  avons 
pour  faire  subsister  nos  familles  Qui  est  loin  de  ce  qui  suffit.  Enfin 
après  toutes  ces  Considerations  les  habitans  En  General  ont  L'honneur 
de  vous  Exposer  qu'il  ne  peuvent  vous  faire  aucune  provision  vu  leur 
pauvreté  que  vous  ne  dev(!s  ignorer. 

Nous  avons  L'honneur  d'être  avec  bien  de  la  Consideration  Mon- 
sieur Vos  très  humb'*  Et  très  obéissants  serviteurs 

ûgtkf  jACijtTEs  LaSoi'rck,  sign*?  Janis,  signé  Charles  Chari-evilh;, 
signé  Jean  baptiste  Bauvais,  signé  LaChanse,  signé  Godin. 

[Translathn.] 

Consider  then  our  situation  and  sec  how  impossible  it  is  for  us  to 
^ve  you  the  subsistance,  since  we  do  not  have  it  ourselves.  You  must 
know,  moreover,  that  the  intention  of  the  government  is  not  to  ruin,  us, 
and  that  Colonel  Clark  gave  u»  the  choice  of  keeping  or  not  keeping 
troops  here.  You  know  the  usclessnes»  of  this,  since  we  are  more  able 
to  protect  ourselves  against  our  enemies  than  to  deprive  ourselves  of 
the  Utile  which  we  have  to  maintain  our  families,  and  (hat  is  far  from 
sufficient.  In  short,  after  all  these  considerations,  the  inhabitants  in 
general  have  the  honour  lo  declare  to  j-ou  that  they  are  unable,  on  ac- 
count of  their  poverty  of  which  you  surely  are  not  ignorant,  to  make  any 
provision  for  you. 

Wc  bave  the  honor  to  be,  with  very  great  consideration, 

your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servants, 

(Signed)  Jacques  La&ourcr,  (signed)  Janis,  C!>>?ticd}  Charles 
CiiARLfiviLuc,  (signed)  Jkah  Baphste  Bacvais,  (signed)  Lacuanse, 
(signed)  GupiN. 


Oeo8i;r  Murcan  to  John  Doi>ck,  Dcccmljer  i,  1780. 
[Drnper  MSS-,  50J76.—  A.  L.  S.| 

Princeton,  December  i'^  i;8o. 
Dear  Sir, 

Yesterday  t  Tceeiv'd  your  favor  dated  the  13th  of  June  which  is  the 


aio 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


first  that  has  come  to  my  Hands  although  you  have  been  so  good  as  to 
send  mc  several. 

It  gîvea  me  great  Pleasure  to  hear  you  are  so  agreeably  jirovidcd 
for,  &  that  you  are  pleased  with  the  Country.  Whenever  you  havi; 
Leisure  8:  Opportunity  1  shall  ix  much  obliged  by  your  writing  to  me. 
The  Spot  you  are  on  &  indeed  the  whole  Country  &.  the  ancient  Inhab- 
itants are  well  kooun  to  me  &  I  have  a  great  regard  for  a  Number  of 
them.  &  those  who  enquire  after  me  be  pleased  to  make  my  Compli- 
ments to  —  particularly  to  M*"  Janese,  his  good  Lady,  M*^'"  Felicaté 
Magnion  &  toutes  les  Enfans.  Mons  DAichrut,  Mess"  CharleviUe, 
Bcauvais,  Picard,  Murain  &c  &c  Sic.  I  intend  to  see  them,  so  soon 
as  the  Affairs  of  the  Illinois  can  be  placed  on  proper  Footing.  All  the 
Country,  West  of  Allegany  Mountain  will  probably  be  put  under  Direc- 
tion of  the  United  States,  &  Virginia  limited  to  the  Waters  which  fall 
into  the  Atlantic  from  the  West  &  North  West.  In  this  Case  several 
New  Stales  will  be  cstabUshed,  indépendant  tho'  United  with  our  present 
Confcdcraiy  of  Thirteen. 

A  Pamphlet  is  nnw  in  the  Press  on  this  Subject  '  One  of  which  I 
intend  to  send  you.  I  will  also  send  to  you  several  of  our  latest  News 
Papers.     My  Family  Join  in  Compliments  td  you  with 

Your  Friend  &  bum  Servant 

John  Dodge  Ksq*.  Gbo:  Murg.\n 

Do  let  mc  kni>w  how  your  SetlicmL-nls  go  on  —  Where  you  build 
Forts  &  What  Number  of  Troops  &  Inhabitants  you  have  at  Ecntuckc 
&c  &c 

To  Captain  John  Dcxlge,  .'\gcnt  for  the  State  of  Vir^nia,  Fort 
Jefferson.     Mouth  of  Ohio. 

To  the  Care  of  Col'  Broadhead  Command"  at  Fort  Pitt. 


I  This  tden  to  Tluimi  Pdne^  "l>ut>1ic  Good:  Brioi  u  Enmluttaa  law  ibe  Oalra  cf  Vit- 
dab.  to  liiF  Vaanl  Vlaim  TorltaiT,  aod  ol  the  iU(ht  of  the  UailnJ  Suln  lo  the  Saute:  lo  «tildi 
u  Adilcd  Pnyaul*  lor  Larlng  off  a  .Vcw  Suic.  lo  be  Applkd  u  a  Vwni  fo>  C^rn'lu  oB  ibe  War.  or 
Rcflenniim  the  Njitioasl  t^rbt."  Tliii  pitnrlilci  irjs  priuird  at  Philadd^U  and.  bean  the  ilala, 
Utcnnbtr  jo,  i;t{«.  Mlhal  It  wis  feotMbtf  "in  the  |;TrM"on  December  I,  the <ltUoltliel«llcr.  A\ 
ihc  lime  riiinc  iru  durnnl  vtih  rcuiviiiir  a  bribe  b  bnd  fram  the  Indiana  D>,,  ot  rhkh  Ocorge 
Mown  WM  Hcntuy  aoci  mcf^l  pr-jmoicr.  I'hb  chirrr  b  dbpic«<l  by  hit  bfa|ri|ilicr,  Ccnway 
ilJlt  af  PolmÊ,L,jo.  tts,  a  ttj)  l>iit  I(  iht  ilHAf  tdrnti  rial  ion  u  ntfrm,  ibe  ktlcr  (roici  lunie 
r«Uti6at)«mnnlMaadMarcan.    WIumt,  IVonrani  JjvwnnU,  i36. 


ROGERS  TO  THE  MAGISTRATES,  JANUARY  lo,  1761  »t 
Capt.  Rockrs  to  the  MACisruArES  of  Kasicaskia  Januaiy  10,  1781 

[M.  C,  T,  MSS.—  Allnled  Copy.] 

Mess»" 

Jc  SUÎ3  Surpris  (le  trouver  que  vous  rtfusies  a  Monsieur  Bentley 
de  luy  accorder  le  privilege  ilc  la  Justice  dans  votre  Cour;  Et  que  vous 
ayes  la  Presomptitm  tic  dire,  que  mon  certificat  de  ce  qu'il  a  Prfte  Le 
Serment  de  fidL'Iitiî  a  l'Kui,  pardevant  moy  Comme  officiers  com- 
mandant  [Mur  le  dit  F.lat.  n'est  D'aucun  KtTct,  Ei  ne  luy  donné  p^s  les 
privilèges  d'un  sujet, 

Il  me  semble  que  Mons'  Bentley  a  le  même  droit  a  la  Justice  que 
%ous  même  Kt  vuus  Pouvés  Être  ussurn!  que  je  puis  donner  des  raison 
Et  des  preuves  a  des  Juges  Impartial  de  sa  cmiduile  qui  le  fcrnn  par- 
ruilrc  peut  être  un  meilleure  amy  de  t'Ktat  ([ue  vous  même  Comme  votre 
Ciiur  parrtiii  Par  icy  Ktre  d'injuslire  Et  non  de  justice,  Et  vous  osé 
refuser  mes  certificats,  dans  les  cas  de  fidellité,  je  prend  Sur  moy  de 
mctic  votre  Court  a  côté  Et  repondre  de  La  Consequence,  Vous  navés 
qu'a  considéré  Et  rendre  justice  ou  je  feray  Comme  il  est  menlioniî  cy 
dessus  Votre  Ser.  J.  Kogess  Commandant. 

je  demande  une  reponce  Immediate 

ITransîiitwn.] 

I  am  suqjrised  to  find  that  you  refuse  to  grant  M,  Bentley  the  privi- 
lege of  justice  in  your  Court;  and  that  you  have  the  presumption  to  say 
that  my  certificate  to  the  effect  that  he  g;ive  oath  of  fidelity  to  the  stale 
before  mc  as  commanding  officer  for  the  said  state  is  ni  no  value;  and 
that  you  do  not  give  him  the  pri^nlcge  of  a  subject. 

It  seems  to  me  that  M.  Bentley  has  the  same  right  lo  justice  as 
you  yourselves  haw,  and  you  may  rest  assured  that  I  am  able  to  furnish 
proofs  and  reasons  to  impartial  judges  concerning  his  conduct,  which 
will  make  him  appear  perhaps  a  better  friend  to  the  state  than  you 
yourselves;  for  your  Court  seems  in  this  to  be  one  of  injustice  and  not 
of  justice.  If  you  dare  to  refuse  my  certificates,  in  cases  of  the  oath  of 
fidelity,  I  take  it  upon  myself  to  set  aside  your  Court  and  to  answer  for 
the  consequences.  Vou  have  only  to  consider  and  render  justice  or  I 
will  do  as  it  is  mentioned  above.        Vour  ser\-ani 

J.  RooBRS,'  Commandant. 

I  ask  for  an  immediate  answer. 

■  For  the  1>I«ivy  of  ihli  F|ii(odr  and  tts  cooMqumciB,  rbimiIi  IB  ttiit.  C«tlitti»mi,  ii-,  kt.;  and 
lim  talloâinx  iJucuaMiili  in  Uib  vcjIuric. 


913 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Vraye  Copie  Traduite  Par  sign(!    Gtrault 
[Endorsed:]    Une  L'être  adressa  a  la  Cour  par  M.  Roger  Sois  Disant 
Command. 

Le  10"*'  Janvier  1781 

\Translaii0n,] 

True  copy  translated  by  (signed)  Oerault. 
[Endorsed:]    A  letter  addressed  to  the  Court  Ny  M.  Rogen  soi-disant 
commaadanl.    January  10,  1781. 


Th£  Magistrates  op  Kaskaskia  to  Captain  John  Rogers, 
January  10,  i;Si. 
[K.  MSS.— Alti=s(fd  Copy.] 

A  M'  Jen  Rogers,  Comd', 

MOHSIECR, 

Nous  avons  reçu  votre  Lettre  d'aujourd'huy  Par  laquelle  vous  nous 
donné  syji  votre  seing  La  marque  la  plus  ample  de  votre  Capacité  Uans 
la  charge  que  vous  vous  jugerés  &C. 

Nous  ne  doutons  point  de  L'Envie  que  vous  avéa  de  vous  Eriger 
En  maître  absolu  maïs  nous  avons  des  actes  du  Pouvoir  Législatif  De 
L'Etat  de  Virginie  pour  nous  Gouverner  Et  a  laqu'elle  nous  croyons 
Pire  ohiigt!  de  nous  conformer,  comme  vous  êtes  vous  mf-mcs  Quand 
nous  requérions  votre  assistance. 

Quand  a  L'Injustit^  dont  vous  nous  lasi'  il  viendra  [H!ut  (trc  un 

\Transtatietn.\ 

To  M.  John  Rogers,  Commandant. 
Sir: 

We  have  received  your  letter  of  today  in  wliich  you  give  us,  over 
your  signature,  the  must  ample  mark  of  your  capacity  in  the  duty  which 
you  will  judge  yourself  etc. 

We  have  no  doubts  as  to  the  desire,  which  you  have,  of  establishing 
yourself  as  absolute  master,  but  we  have  acts  fn)in  the  legislative  power 
of  the  State  of  Virginia  to  gowm  us  and  to  which  we  believe  we  are 
obliged  to  conform,  as  you  are  yourself,  when  we  may  require  your  help. 

As  for  the  injustice  with  which  you  charge  us,  there  may  come,  per- 


GEORGE  TO    INHABITANTS,   JANUARY  ii,   fj8i  aij 

temps  plus  heureux  où  nous  prouverons  nntrc  bfiDnc  foy  qui  e^C  toujours 
le  Seul  mobile  qui  Conduit  k*s  honnêtes  gens. 

nous  avons  L'honneur  d'être 
Monsieur  vos  humbles  serviteurs  signé  Jacques  Lasourcc,  signé  La- 
chanse,  signé  Jean  baplislc  Beauvais,  signé  Godin  Mgné  Janis,  «igné 
Charles  Charicville.    Kaskaikiasle  lo""'  Janvier  1781, 

[Translaiion.] 
haps,  a  more  fortunate  lime  when  wc  shall  prove  nur  ^jood  faith, 
which  is  ever  the  only  incentive  iJiat  guides  honest  jjcoplc. 
We  have  the  honour  to  Iw, 

Sir,  your  very  humble  servants, 
(Signed)  Jacques  Lasourœ,  (signed)  Larhansc,  (signed)  Jean  Bap- 
tiste Bauvais,  (signed)  Godin,  (signed)  Janis,  (signed)  Charles  Cliarlc- 

ville. 

KasliaskJa,  January  lo^  1731. 

Captais  George  to  thf.  Inhabitants  ot  Illinols,  January  11, 1781. 
[M.  C,  T.  MSS.—  AilMtfd  Copy.] 

Du  fort  Jefferson  Cc  11'"^  Jan.  1781 
a  messiuers  les  habitants  Des  Illinois  Kn  General,  Et  particulièrement 
a  Ceux  des  KaskasKîas. 

Mes  Chers  amis  Et  Compatriotes 

Ccst  avec  le  plus  prafond  regret  que  jay  appris  que  Vous  Estes  Voilé 
Et  Pillé  par  Ceux  que  vous  appelles  nos  gens,  Soyez  bien  assurés  que 
j'en  Ressens  Beaucoup  de  jieine,  Et  que  J*employeray  tous  mes  efforts 
Pour  Remédier  a  toutes  Vos  Plaintes,  Et  tous  Vos  griefs.  Monsieur 
Kenedy  a  toujours  Eté  duemem  autorisé  pour  gerrer  toutes  nos  affaires 

From  Fort  Jepfebson,  Jan.  nth  1781. 

To  the  Inhabitants  of  Illinois  in  general,  and  especially  to  those  of 
Kaskaskia. 
My  Dear  Fbienos  anu  Fellow-citizens: 

It  is  with  the  most  profound  regret  that  I  have  learned  that  you  are 
roM>ed  and  pillaged  by  those  whom  you  caJI  our  people.  Rest  well 
assure<l  that  I  feel  great  grief  fxrcause  of  it,  and  that  I  shall  use  all  my 
efforts  to  remedy  the  causes  of  all  your  complaints  and  grievances.  M. 
Kennedy  has  always  been  duly  authorized  to  manage  all  our  public 


314 


Publiques  dans  Votre  Pais.  U  a  actuellement  mes  Instructions  pour 
faire  lachapt  des  Vi^Tcs  pour  notre  giirnisoii  Je  Vous  prie  de  le  créditer, 
Car  J'ai  toutes  ma  Confiance  En  sa  Bonnes  Conduite,  F)t  ses  abillîtés 
particulièrement  parce  qu'il  a  été  longtems  un  de  vos  concitoyens, 
Jaurois  toujours  Egard  a  Vos  Plaînlcs,  Et  tant  qu'il  sera  à  Mon  pouvoir 
Jy  mctlray  ordre  mais  Comme  le  colonel  Clark  sera  avec  nous  de  Bon 
Printcms  Je  suis  persuade  qu'il  vous  donnera  une  ample  Satisfaction, 
de  tduies  (c9  Injures  que  l'on  Vous  a  Réellement  faites. 

fiez  Vous  d'un  anticr,  Kt  g(!nércux  payement,  pour  toutes  les  Pro- 
insinns  que  Mr.  Kennedy  aura  achcttcs  Chez  Vous,  F.t  soy€s  assurés 
de  la  Bienveillance  du  gauvcmcmrnt  Envers  Vous. 

Permettes  moy  l'honneur  de  me  suscrirc  Mes  Chers  amy.  Et  Com- 
patriotes 

Votre  irfes  humbles  Et  trts  olit.  Scrvitt'ur  Et  sincere  amy 

Signé  RoBKRT  Georce  Cait.  commandant 

Vrayc  Copie  traduite  dt;  langluis  par  Signé  Gibault  aux  Kas.  31'"" 
Jan.  1781 

[Transiation.] 

affairs  in  your  country.  He  has  at  present  my  instructions  for  the 
purchase  of  supplies  for  our  garrison.  I  beg  you  to  give  him  credit,  for 
I  have  full  confidence  in  his  gfvod  conduct  and  his  ability,  especially 
because  he  has  been  for  a  long  time  one  of  your  fellow-citizens.  I 
shall  always  give  attention  to  your  complaints,  and  so  far  as  it  shall  be 
in  my  power,  I  shall  settle  them;  but  since  Colonel  Clark  will  be  with 
us  early  in  the  spring,  I  am  persuaded  thai  he  will  give  you  ample  sat- 
isfaction for  all  the  injuries  that  you  have  really  received. 

Depend  on  a  full  and  generous  payment  for  all  the  provisions  that 
M.  Ketmedy  shall  have  bought  from  you,  and  be  assured  of  the  good 
wishes  of  the  government  towards  you.  Allow  rac  the  honor  to  sub- 
scribe myself,  my  dear  friends  and  fellow  citizens, 

Vour  very  bumble  and  very  obedient  servant  and  sincere  friend, 

(Signed)    Robert  Georck.' 

Capt.  Commandant. 

True  copy  translated  fmm  the  English  by, 

(Signed)  Gtfcvui-T. 
At  Kaskaskia,  Jan.  21,  17S1. 


■Thii  Itttcr  mi  ilso  Mai  to  CahoItU,  «hcrell  win  recorded  oa  thereooMn!  ilwdfrk.  S«»  til. 
Sill.  Cvlkitiom,  ii.,tjj.  Via  liiographiâl  notice  of  CipuUn  Ucotbc.  comuIi  tftuf.,  n.  i.  Hi*  Irltrr 
la  CUtk,  d>i«d  Ociobcr  14  (I'.i.  Sutlf  Féffri,  i..  jSi)  crovn  Ihtt  Capuiti  Ceunt«  had  bi*  tupiciam 
of  Jcrhn  Doilge  *nd  Tbonuu  Deoilci  in  (he  jnrltnu  UO, 


SLAUGHTER  TO   JKFFKRSON,  JANU.\RY  14,    1781        215 


Geobge  Slaughteb  to  Thouas  Jefferson,  January  14, 1781 

[Draper  MSS.,  sijta.— A.  I„  S.J 

Louisville,  Jan'"  h**",  1781 
Sn, 

I  h&vc  the  Honour  to  inclose  to  your  Excellency  letters  from  two 
GcnllL-nien  at  Auposte  and  copys  of  several  oihcrs  from  Kaslca^kias 
directed  to  Col°  Clark  uid  Col^  Todd.  I  have  taken  the  Depositions 
of  three  jwrsons  which  coroborates  with  tlic  contents  of  these  letters  & 
have  cndused  them  also,  for  the  consideration  uf  your  Board. 

The  contents  of  the  letters  from  the  two  French  Gentlemen  being 
a  request  for  ammunition  &  understanding  they  ap[)rehendcd  an  attack'd 
upon  that  post,  1  gave  orders  for  Cap"  George  to  semi  to  Kaskaskias 
one  hundred  weight  of  powder  &  four  hundred  w*  of  Lead^  with  dirtc- 
tions  for  Cap"  Rogers  to  lend  what  aid  he  can  in  gelling  atniss  the 
country  to  auposte  &  shall  endeavour  to  send  a  small  Supply  10  that 
place  immediately  from  here,  this  I  have  thought  it  Necessary  to  do  as 
consider  it  of  ^-ery  great  importance  to  this  place  the  keeping  the  Auposte 
in  our  favour. 

With  respect  to  Cap.  Dodge  the  complaints  against  him  are  so 
general  &  I  have  so  good  autliority  for  his  having  misap])Iied  ihc  PuljHck 
goods,  and  apprehending  that  he-  may  po.s!>Jbly  be  collecting  a  cargoc  of 
Peltry  for  the  New  Orleans  market  that  I  have  given  Cafi"  George 
Orders  to  make  cnquir)-  into  his  Conduct  &  if  any  thing  of  ihis  sort 
appears,  to  Seize  upon  his  person  &  what  goods  he  may  be  Possessed  of 
&  secure  them  'till  further  Orders. 

The  letters  now  inclosed  with  those  sent  some  time  ago  will  so  fully 
inform  you  of  the  state  of  .\iïairs  in  the  Illinois  that  I  shall  not  enlarge 
on  tbc  disagreeable  Subject.' 

I  must  beg  leave  to  Mention  the  mismanagement  of  the  person 
appointed  to  Superintend  the  making  Salt  whh  the  Country's  Kettles. 
Somewhere  about  50  or  60  bushels  is  all  that  has  been  reC^  from  the 
persons  who  has  wurk'd  them,  when  private  adventurers  has  been 
making  near  lo  times  the  Quantity  with  Reltles  not  boiling  more  than 
one  fourth  as  much  Water,  owing  principally  to  the  iodoleoce  of  the 
man  who  is  appointed  to  carry  on  the  businiss. 

If  Sir  Your  Board  should  think  proper  to  appoint  Col<>  Floyd  or 

■  TMt  Utto-  aXkd  tarA  a  rvpljr  (rant  Garic  ht  March.    Se»  Va.  Sut*  ^ftrt^  !..  S9T> 


Rois  historical 

myself  to  take  the  directions  of  the  Kettles  I  am  persuaded  a  SufEdency 
would  be  made  fcH*  the  Troops  in  this  department.  I  am  with  much 
nspect 

Your  Kxrcllencys  Most  ob*  &  very  Hbic  Scrv* 

George  Slaoghteb. 
The  two  Letters  from  the  French  Gent,  of  ihc  Aupustc  was  by  a 
Mistake  inclosed  to  Col"  Clark  who  will  no  doubt  lay  them  tx^ore  you. 
I  cannot  Omit  Mentioning  two  [sk]  you  three  Bills  which  I  drew  late 
in  October  last  in  fav""  of  Juhn  Wiltianis  Provini:e  one  for  aaoj  Dollars 
one  other  for  286  Dollars  &  another  for  £2120  which  I  hope  will  be 
paid. 

Y"  as  before 

G.  S. 
[Addressed:]  To  His  Excellency  Thomas  Jefferson  Esq'  at  Richmond 


Petition  op  Richard  M'Carty  to  thr  Maristrates  of  the  Covki 
AT  Kaskasria.  January  17,  17S1 
(K.  MSS  — A.  D.  S.] 

a  I'Respectablc  Court  dc  CasKaslCia  &c  &c 
Rich''  MCarly  Capitaine  d'un  Compagnie  Inf*  de  Troup  Régler  aux 
Service  de  L'Etat  de  Virginie 

a  l'honneur  de  vous  presenter  que  ayant  en  Mars  de  l'anne  1779 
Lever  un  Compagnie  pour  aervire  durant  la  Guère  entre  l'amerique  et 
l'angieterre  Par  ordre  de  Colo*  Ctark  et  de  être  habilier  et  payer  par 
ledit  Etat  et  que  le  manque  de  marchandises  îl  nait  point  Reçue  aucune 
argent  de  la  dît  Etat  pour  Subsister  le  dit  Compagnie  ou  les  habilier. 
Diais  pour  k  Bien  dudit  Service  votre  Supliant  a  fournis  de  son  ax^nt 

[Translatùm.] 

To  tfie  Honorable  Court  of  Ka-ikaskia,  etc. 
Richard  M'Carty,  Captain  of  an  infantrj-  company  of  regular  troops  in 
the  service  of  the  State  of  Virginia  : 

Has  the  honor  to  represent  to  you  that  in  March  of  the  year  1779 
be  enlisted  by  order  of  Colonel  Clark,  a  company  of  soldiers  to  serve 
during  the  war  between  America  and  England,  and  that  these  were  to 
be  clothed  and  paid  by  the  said  state;  but  that,  on  account  of  the  lack 
of  merchandise,  be  has  not  received  any  money  for  the  support  or 
clothing  of  the  said  company  from  the  said  state  ;  that  your  suppliant  has 


M'CARTY'S  l'EirnON,  JANUARY  i?.  1781  ai? 

propre  pour  Crmlcnlcr  autant  qu'il  pouvoît  au  dit  Soldats  et  que  la 
printemps  passée  votre  Sut>t>Iiant  ou  cet  F,tc  drmicr  ait  ohienù  ordre 
de  recevoir  ce  que  luy  rcvtnoil  a  sa  Compagnie,  sur  l'argent  des  dits 
Etat  que  m'ait  Livré  une  partie  avec  peine  malgré  la  misère  el  nudillc 
des  dit  pauvTC  Soldat,  et  N'ayant  point  de  Chemise  fait  î)  m'ait  donné 
Son  Billet  de  me  le  remettre  au  Cas.  ce  quil  rcfuae  de  faire  qu'est  l'occa- 
sion que  pluâieur  de  mes  soldats  sont  deserter  et  d'autre  que  sf>nt  sans 
Chemise  a  Ces  Cause  le  Cour  ordonnera  a  le  Sieur  Dodge  AgL-nt  de 
remplir  son  Billet  que  je  peut  Livrinc  a  mes  pauvrc  soldats  ce  qu'il  ont 
Légitimement  (îagnier  Au  Cas  17  Jan*'  1781 

M'Cartv 

Vu  la  requête  cy  dessus  La  Cours  ordonne  qu'elle  soit  signiiie  a 
jiartie  pour  y  rejKpndre  donné  Ed  la  Cour  du  district  des  KasKasKias 
Laudience  y  tenant  le  Mercredy  34  me  Jamner  1781 

Jacques  Lasource 
\En<tarsed:]  Requête  du  S'  MCarty  contre  le  S'  Doges.  Le  ao  Janvier 
1781.    No.  56 

[  Tr<inslafjon.] 

furnished,  for  the  good  of  the  service,  his  own  money,  as  far  as  he  could, 
to  the  said  soldiers;  and  that,  last  spring  or  summer,  your  suppliant 
did  receive  an  order,  for  what  was  due  his  company,  on  the  money  of 
the  said  state,  a  part  of  which  was  delivered  to  me,  after  many  dif&cut' 
ties  [made  by  the  commissary  John  Dodge]  in  spite  of  the  misery  and 
nakedness  of  the  said  poor  soldiers;  and  that,  since  [the  said  OodgeJ 
did  not  have  any  ready-made  shirts,  be  gave  me  his  note  to  remit  them 
to  me  at  Ka^askla;  and  [your  petitioner  rcprcscntsj  that  this  he  has 
refused  to  do,  which  is  the  occasion  that  many  of  my  soldiers  have 
dcsertctl  and  others  are  without  shirts.  For  these  reasons  \your  suppliant 
petitions]  that  the  Court  shall  command  M.  Dodge  to  fultill  his  note  so 
that  I  can  deliver  to  my  pour  soldiers  what  they  have  legitimately  earned. 
At  Kaskaskiu,  January  17,  1781.  M'Caktv.* 

In  view  of  the  above  petition  the  Court  decrees  that  a  summons  1»p 
issued  to  the  party  t<i  answer  lheret{i.  CHven  in  the  Court  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Kaslcaskia,  in  the  sirssîon  of  Wednesday,  January  11,  1781. 

Jacques  Lasodbcr. 
\Rndorsed:]  Petition  of  M.  M'Carty  against  M.  Dodge,  January  20,  1781. 

>  Oa  Kkhatd  M'Canr  amult  tmUK  of  JU.  Bit/.  CtiUttmu,  II. 


9i8  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


RicBARD  Winston  to  the  Coitrt  or  Kaskaskia,  January  17,  1781 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.—  AitCTied  Copy] 

a  la  Respectable  cour  du  district  des  Kaskaskîas  &c  Sic  Sic 
Messikuss, 

J'ai  616  surpris  qu'a  la  dernière  Cour  un  des  Magistrats  a  âté  assign** 
par  le  grcficr,  et  Je  ai  Crue  que  vous  avés  arrdté  Ce  Cour  mais  Je  voi 
le  contraire  puis  que  Je  vien  d'en  recevoir  une  moi  m6me,  Cecy  ne  veut 
point  dire  que  les  Magistrats  Kt  Commandant  siiient  Kxampi  de  par- 
oitrc  en  justîre.  mais  D'une  autre  manière.  En  Ladrcssant  Res|)ec- 
tueuscment  par  Kcrir  a  la  cour  qui  sans  doutte  Prendra  connoissance  de 
leurs  affaire  El  Leur  rendra  Justice  qui  )ioura  Leur  appartenir. 

Pemnîté  Massieure  que  je  vous  observe  qu'il  est  De  votre  devoir  Et 
Pour  Le  bien  public  que  Les  Jours  Daudieace  les  Magistrats  ne  sabsenle 
Point  ce  qui  cause  souvent  de  la  prolongiation  des  procès  aiosy  Je  vous 
prie  Messieurs  de  prendre  des  arrangement  convenable  entre  vous  afin 
que  Personne  naît  lieu  de  ce  Plaindre. 

Si  je  pouTOÎs  sortir  Jaurais  élé  raoî  même  il  la  Cour  pour  repondre 
au  Plainte  du  Sieur  Bentley  II  est  de  mon  devoir  Messieur  que  Je  vous 
observe  que  Le  Sieur  Bentley  na  aucun  Droit  dattendre  ny  despérer  la 

[Transtatîo».] 

To  the  Honorable  Court  o(  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  ttc.  etc. 
Gentlemen: 

I  was  surprised  that,  at  the  last  court,  one  of  the  magistrates  wa» 
summonedby  thcclerk.for  I  believed  that  you  had  stopped  that  course; 
but  I  see  the  coairzry,  since  I  have  just  received  a  summons  my.<ielf.  This 
docs  not  mean  that  the  magistrates  and  commandant  arc  exempt  from 
appearing  before  justice,  but  only  in  another  way,  namely  by  a  respect- 
ful address  in  writing  to  the  Court,  which  will  take  cognizance  of  their 
a.ffair  and  will  render  them  the  justice  that  may  belong  to  them. 

Allow  mc  to  remark,  gentlemen,  that  it  is  your  duty,  and  for  the  pub- 
lic welfare,  that  on  the  day  of  audience  the  magistrates  should  not  be 
absent,  for  this  often  causes  a  prolongation  of  lawsuits.  Therefore, 
gentlemen,  I  beg  yuu  to  come  to  some  agreement  among  yourselves  so 
that  there  may  be  no  reason  for  any  one  to  complain. 

Had  I  been  able  to  go  out,  I  should  have  been  mj'Self  at  court  to 
answer  to  the  complaint  of  JL  Bentley.    It  is  my  duty,  gentlemen,  to 


JEFFERSON  TO   CLARK,    JANUARY  20,   17S1 


319 


ProtecUon  de  la  I^oix  sans  qui  fasse  le  même  Serment  de  fidélittf  aux 
Etata  que  nous  avons  faites  nous  même  Et  Par  devant  un  juge  &  paix, 
comme  il  Dit  par  un  arest  De  Lassemblé  giînérate  de  cette  <!tat  au  quelle 
vous  est  obligé  de  y  conformer,  ce  îcy  n'est  pas  pour  etudcr  de  compter 
avec  les  au  contraire  Car  qu'il  fassar'î  [?]  qu'il  ne  fasse  Point  Je  lui 
paiera  toute  ce  que  Je  suis  dans  Le  cas  de  Lui  devoir.  Jai  Ihonneur 
d'être  avec  Profond  respect  voire  très  beuml*  et  obéissent  Serviteur 

signd  Rico.  Winston. 
KasKasKias  17  Janvier  17S1 

[Tr<itislatiûn.\ 
State  to  you  that  M.  Bcndcy  has  no  right  to  expect,  or  to  hope  for,  the 
protection  of  the  law  without  taking  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  states, 
which  we  ourselves  have  taken,  and  that  he  must  do  this  before  a  justice 
of  the  peace,  as  is  stated  in  a  decree  of  the  General  Assembly  of  this 

state  to  which  you  are  obliged  to  conform.    This  is  not  so  as  to 

*  for  on  the  con- 
trary, whether  he  does  it  or  does  it  Dot,  1  shall  pay  him  all  that  I  may  owe 
him.    I  have  the  honor  lo  be,  with  profound  respect. 

Your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

Rica.  Winston. 
Kaskaskia,  January  17,  1781. 


Thomas  jErFEHsoN  to  George  R.  Clark,  January  ao.  1781. 
[UrapcrMSS-,  sij>7.— 1'-  S-] 

Id  Council  January  30.  1781. 
Sir, 

Having  cause  to  entertain  doubts  from  several  Letters  transmitted  to 
me  whether  mr  Jn"  Dodge  who  was  appointed  to  conduct  a  commerce 
with  the  Indians  on  behalf  of  tliis  state  has  not  been  guilty  of  a  gross 
misapplication  or  mismanagement  of  what  lias  been  conâded  lo  him  and 
the  distance  between  him  and  us  rendering  it  impracticable  to  call  the 
examination  before  ourselves,  you  are  hereby  authorized  and  desired 
either  by  yourself  or  such  jicrsuns  as  you  shall  ujipoint  to  enquire  into  any 
part  of  his  conduct  which  you  may  tiavc  reason  lo  suppose  unjusliljablc 
and  if  it  be  found  so,  to  n,'mo%'c  him  from  his  office  and  take  such  meas- 
ures as  may  be  most  effectual  fur  bringing  him  to  account  and  indemnt- 

'  F.tiJftitlr  ihochcrlL  lu*  (aDnl  o  cap? 'otne  «turdt,  Igi  llw putJtg*  a»  I)  tdndi  i* uniraiuUiaUo 


990 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


fying  ihc  public  against  such  malversations,  should  he  be  removed  we 
think  it  unnecessary  to  appoint  another  in  his  stead. 

I  am  Sir. 

Your  most  ob*  humble  scrvaDt, 
Thé:  Jeffekson. 
Colo  G  R  Clarke 
[Addressed:]  Colo  George  Rogers  Clark 


Thouas  Bentley  to  tbe  Magistrates  op  the  Court  at 
Kaskaskia,  January  31,  1781. 
[M.  C-,  T.  MSS-—  Attotcd  Copy.} 

A  Mes^eurs  Les  magistrats  de  la  respectable  Cour  des  KasKaskias 
Sec  &c  &c 
Messu;uks, 

Thomas  Bentley  tiegt.  en  la  ville  des  KasKasKias  déclare  que  le  tren- 
tième du  mois  de  décembre  dernier  Je  me  serois  présenté  a  vôtre  Cour  ou 
Jauroîs  demandé  le  payement  de  diverses  sommes  qui  me  Sont  due  dont 
Le  Refus  m'en  a  éld  fait  par  lad^  Cuur  disant  ([uil  ne  voulaient  pas  me 
rendre  aucune  Justice  au  moins  ([uc  Je  nayc  prêté  serment,  mais  Comme 
Je  leur  ay  demandé  avoir  le  Serment  i!  mont  fait  voir  ccluy  dofQce  Ecrit 
en  françois  ce  que  Je  nai  voulu  accepter  «juc  dautant  que  Je  reEteroîs 
sujet,  leur  ayant  déclanï  et  ce  la  presence  de  Mr.  Jean  Dodge  agent  de 
lestât  pour  le  dtîpartement  Sauvage  et  Daniel  Murray  qui  sont  prêts  a 

[TranshlioH.] 

To  the  Magistrates  of  the  Honorable  Court  of  Kaska^ia,  etc.  etc. 
Gentlemen: 

I,  Thomas  Bentley,  a  merchant  m  the  village  of  Kaskaskia,  declare 
that,  on  the  thirtieth  of  last  December,  1  presented  myself  in  your  Court 
where  I  demanded  ihe  payment  of  certain  sums  which  are  due  me.  This 
was  refused  mc  by  the  said  Court,  who  afTirmed  that  they  were  unwilling 
to  render  mc  any  justice  unless  I  had  taken  the  oath.  When  I  asked 
them  10  show  me  the  oath,  they  showed  me  the  oath  of  office,  wrilton  in 
French,  which  I  did  not  wish  to  accept,  inasmuch  as  I  would  still  remain 
a  subject.  This  I  declared  to  them  in  the  presence  of  M.  John  Dodge, 
agent  of  the  state  for  Indian  affairs»  and  Daniel  Murray,  both  of  whoca 


BENTLEY  TO  THK  COURT,  JANUARY  31,  1781  321 


r 


faire  serment  pour  la  confirmation  de  la  Chose  et  dans  le  moment  ce  qui 
ma  obligé  de  Sortir  et  trouver  le  Capitaine  Rogers  commandant  de  la 
troupe  a  qui  Jai  pr<<té  le  Serment  ordinaire  et  dons  le  moment  porté  son 
Ccrtifficat  àla  Cour  et  après  l'a^-oir  présenté  il  mont  dit  que  la  Cour  pro- 
chaine il  me  Rcndroicnt  Justice,  ce  que  mont  refusé  malgré  de  métré 
présenté  Je  demande  que  la  Cour  maccordc  par  ces  présentes  touttes 
plaintes  que  Je  leurs  ai  déjà  porté  pour  mes  Créances  principallcmcnt 
Mrs.  Richard  M'Carty  et  michcl  Perrault  aux  fins  de  me  Compter  Les 
Sommes  qui  me  Sont  dues  c'est  a  dire  Michel  Perrault  de  quatorze  Cent 
vingt  Sept  livres  dix  sols  en  pelleterie,  trois  cent  trente  livres  arg'  Réel  et 
Cent  soixante  dix  piastres  selon  Ses  Cinq  Billets  et  Compte  présente  avec 
Ccluy  cy  ainsy  que  Lobligation  du  Mr.  M'Carty  montante  selon  Le 
Compte  livré  avec  a  la  Somme  de  neuf  mille  six  cent  Soixante  treize 
livres  treize  sols  en  pelleterie  et  a  déffaut  de  payement  et  d'une  sentence 
rendue  Jabandonne  de  ce  jour  les  dites  Lettres  entre  Les  mains  de  la 
Cour  protestant  par  ces  présentes  contre  lad**  Cour  comme  de  droit  en 
RappcUant  au  gouvernement  delà  Virginie,  sur  tous  frais  dépens  dom- 

[TranslaiiûH .] 

are  ready  to  swear  to  the  truth  of  this  thing  and  to  the  lime.  This 
obliged  mc  to  go  out  and  find  Captain  Rogers,  commandant  of  the  troops, 
to  whom  I  gave  the  ordinary  oath;  and  at  that  same  time  I  took  his 
certificate  to  the  Court  and,  after  having  presented  it,  they  told  mc  that, 
at  the  following  meeting  of  the  Court,  they  would  render  mc  justice. 
This  they  refused  mc,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  T  presented  my.sclf  there. 
I  Iwg  that  the  Court  grant  mc  hy  these  presents  all  the  complaints  that 
I  have  formerly  brought  iieforc  them  in  connection  with  the  debts  owing 
lo  mc,  especially  in  the  case  of  Richard  M'Carty  and  Michel  Perrault,  so 
that  they  may  pay  me  the  sums  thai  arc  due  me:  that  is  to  say,  Mîrhel 
Perrault,  llic  sum  of  fourteen  hundred  and  twcnCy-scvcn  livres  and  ten 
nous  in  peltries,  three  hundred  and  thirty  livre.v  in  ready  ca.sh.  and  one 
hundrL'd  and  seventy  piastres  atTonJing  to  his  five  notes  and  account  pre- 
sented herewith;  likewiiic  the  obligation  of  M.  M'Carty,  amounting, 
according  to  the  account  delivered  hercwiih,  to  the  sum  of  nine  thousand 
sis  hundred  and  «-vcaty-three  Hires  and  thirteen  sous  in  pellries.  And 
in  default  of  payment  and  of  a  sentence  rendered,  I  abandon  fnim  this 
day  the  said  notes  into  the  hands  of  the  Court,  justly  protesting  by  these 
presents  against  the  said  Court,  and  appealing  to  the  gr>vemment  of  Vir- 


ni 


ILLINOIS  HISTOKICAL  COLLECTIONS 


majiscsct  Interest  qui  pourra  Courir  a  lavenir  &c  &c.  &c.  fait  aux  Kas- 
KasKtas  I,c  trente  et  un  de  Janvier  1781  signe  sur  Loripnal  demeure 
deposit  au  greffe  du  district  des  KasKasKias  signé  T  Bentley,  Baxutel, 
J"  Dodge  témoins  John  Rogers  Command*. 


Comme  I^  rcqtif-lc  et  protest  cy  dessus  et  de  lautrc  part  a  Este  pres- 
ent a  Mr.  Carbonncaux  greffier  de  la  Coiir  cl  No""*  publique  qui  apr^s 
lavoir  rccû  et  gard<?  quelque  tcms  a  Rcfuaî  d'en  prendre  Connoissance  et 
Sana  autorité  me  la  renvoyé  et  Comme  des  pareils  proccdcs  de  la  part  de 
M"  Les  magistrats  jjcuvent  me  faire  beaucoup  du  tort  mayanl  refusé  la 
Hlwrté  de  poursuivre  mes  dettes  en  Justice  et  dans  leurs  Cours  ce  qui  me 
met  dans  le  Cas  de  mcxposcr  à  (out  pcriirc,  Je  Suis  en  Consequence 
obligé  de  délivrer  et  remettre  tous  les  billets  et  Comptes  a  lad^  Cour  leur 
abandonnant  touttes  mes  demandes  et  pretentions  [lour  h-urs  Comptes  et 
risques  la  Liste  desquelles  Je  livre  avu,  montant  a  la  Somme  de  Vingt  et 
tm  mille  trois  cent  Cinquante  deux  piastres  sept  E!;ealins  Et  demy  en 
arg'  sonnant,  et  Cinq  mille  neuf  cent  trente  huit  livres  de  farine,  c'est 
pourquoi  Je  soletimeUcmeat  proteste  par  ces  présente»  Cuntrc  tou»  et 

[Translaiioti  .\ 
g^nia  for  al]  charges,  expenses,  damages,  and  interest,  which  may  accrue 
in  the  future  etc.  etc.  etc.  Done  at  Kaskaskia,  January  31,  1781. 
Signed  on  the  original,  which  is  deposited  at  the  clerk's  ofTjtc  in  the 
Di.slrict  of  Kaskaskia.  (Signed]  T.  Bentley,  Barutel,  John  Dodge, 
witnesses;  John  Rogers,  Commandant. 

Since  the  petition  and  protest,  written  above  and  un  the  other  page, 
viss  presented  to  M.  Carbonncaux,  clerk  of  the  Court  and  notary  public, 
who,  alter  be  had  received  it  and  kept  il  for  some  time,  refused  to  lake 
any  notice  thereof  and  without  :uiy  authority  sent  it  back  to  me,  and, 
since  such  a  proceeding  on  the  part  of  the  mapslratcs,  namely  dcnjing 
me  the  liberty  to  sue  for  my  debts  judicially  in  their  Court,  can  do  mc 
much  harm  by  placing  mc  in  a  pitsition  to  lose  all,  I  am  therefore  obliged 
to  deliver  and  remit  all  notes  and  accounts  to  the  said  Court,  abandoning 
to  them  all  my  demands  and  pretentions  at  their  account  and  risk,  a  list 
of  which  I  deliver  to  you,  amounting  to  the  sum  of  twcniyone  thousand 
three  hundred  and  fifty-two  piastres,  sevcQ  estalms  and  a  half  in  ready 
cash  and  five  thousand  nine  hundred  and  thirty-eight  pounds  of  flour. 


BENTLEVS  OAIU  FEBRUARY   13.  1781 


383 


chacun  de  sustlit  magistrats  et  Contre  loutte  autre  Persoiuie  quelconque 
qui  aide  ou  as&îsLi;  dans  lad^  Cour,  en  ap[>ellant  par  ces  présentes  à  Son 
Excellence  Mr.  le  Gouverneur  et  Son  honorable  Conseil  et  membre  de 
lassembléc  de  lestât  de  Virginie  pour  tous  les  frais  dommages  et  interests 
quelconques  Souffert  ou  soutiras  en  Consequence  des  injustice  procédés 
des  Susdits  magistrats  au  KasIuisKias  le  13  février  17S1.  Signé  Sur  la 
minuettc  de|ioséc  au  greffe  du  dictrict  des  KasJwasKias,  T  Bentley 
Jno.  Rogers  Jn.  Dodge  témoins 

[Translation] 
It  is  for  this  reason  that  I  solemnly  protest  by  these  presents  against 
each  and  all  the  above  mentioned  magistrates  and  against  all  other  per- 
sons who  in  any  way  aid  or  arc  present  in  the  said  Court,  ap[)ealing  by 
these  presents  to  bis  Excellency  the  Governor,  the  honorable  Council,  and 
members  of  the  Assembly  of  the  State  of  Virginia  for  all  the  expense, 
damages,  and  interest  whatever,  incurred  or  lo  he  incurred,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  unjust  proceedings  of  the  aforesaid  magistrates.  At  Kas- 
Icaskia  the  13th  of  February*,  1781.  Signed  on  the  original,  deposited  at 
the  Clerk's  office  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  T.  Bentley.  John 
Rogers,  John  Dodge,  witnesses. 

The  Oath  of  Thomas  Bentley,  February  13,  1781 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS  — AtlL-stcd  Copy] 

Extrait  des  Registn-s  des  audiances  du  District  des  K^isKasRias  En 
la  comté  des  Illinois  dé{>cndaoces  de  la  R(;pubtiquc  de  la  virginîc  à  une 
Cours  tenue  au  district  des  KasKasKias  le  mardy  treizième  Jour  du 
mois  de  février  deux  heures  après  midy  mil  sept  Cent  qualrevingt  Et  un 
furent  présens  Jacques  lasource,  Nicolas  caillot  Lachatisc,  Charles 
chauvin  charlevîlle  Michel  godïn,  Jean  baptîstc  Bcauvais  tous  Ecuycrs 
Juges  et  Magistrats  du  dit  district 

[Tramlatwn.] 
Extract  of  the  records  of  the  sessions  of  the  Court  of  the  District  of 
Kaskaskia,  in  the  County  of  the  Illinois,  dependency  of  the  Republic  of 
Virginia.  .\l  a  court  held  in  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  on  Tuesday, 
Feb.  13,  at  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  of  the  year  1781,  there  were 
present  Jacques  Lasource,  Nicolas  Caillot  dit  Lachansc,  Charles  Chau- 
vin dit  Cbarlcville,  Michel  Godin,  Jc;in  Baptiste  Sauvais,  all  of  them 
esquires,  judges,  and  magistrates  of  the  said  district. 


394  ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

La  Cours  du  district  des  KasKasKJas  assemblée  ce  Jourd'huy  trei- 
s'ihnc  Jour  du  mois  de  k-vricr  mil  sept  cent  quatrcvingt  cl  un  deux  heures 
de  relevé,  a  Examiné  Murcmeot  un  Ecri  Intitulé  protest  Contre  la  cours 
du  dit  District  En  datte  du  trente  et  unième  Jour  du  mots  de  Janvier 
demiei'  Signé  tliomas  Bentley  dans  lequel  VA:n  Le  dit  Sieur  thomas 
benllcy  déclare  Et  dit  que  la  sus  ditte  Cours  a  Exigé  de  lui  le  serment 
(PulTice  qui  est  erronieux,  La  susdilte  Cours  n'ayant  Exigé  du  dit  Sieur 
Bcatley  que  le  Serment  de  fidélité,  Et  de  coucitoyens  pardevant  le 
Lieutenant  De  comtée  où  un  des  Magistrats  du  dit  district  confgrm- 
mente  a  Lacté  dassemblée  de  la  Virginie  En  conséquence  de  quoi  la  sus 
diUe  cours  requert  et  o0re  de  rechef  au  dît  Sieur  Bentley  de  se  présenter 
Et  de  prettcr  le  dit  serment  de  fidélité  Par  devant  la  susdite  cours  où 
quelqu'un  des  dits  Magistrats,  où  de  présenter  a  la  susditte  cours  où 
à  quelqu'un  Des  dits  Magistrats  le  serment  qu'il  dit  avoir  pcette  et  signé 
pardevant  Monsieur  le  Capitaine  John  Roger  pour  y  être  Enregistré 
[lour  lurs  il  sera  reconnu  véritablement  et  authentiquement  Cytoyendc 
la  dittc  république  de  la  Virginie  Et  Justice  lui  sera  rendue  co  cette 
qualité,  En  conséquence  la  susditte  Cours  n'a  voulu  prendre  aucune 

[TramlaHon.] 
The  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  assembled  at  two  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon  of  February  ij,  1781,  has  examined  very  carefully  a 
writing  entitled  protest  against  the  Court  of  the  said  district,  dated  ihe 
31st.  of  January  last,  and  signed  by  Thomas  Bentley,  in  which  writing 
the  said  M.  Thomas  Bentley  declares  and  says  that  the  aforesaid  Court 
demanded  of  him  the  oath  of  office,  which  sta-temeniU  erroneous;  for  Ihe 
aforesaid  Court  has  demanded  0/  M.  Bentley  nothing  more  than  the 
oath  of  allegiance  and  of  fellow-citizenship,  to  be  made  iK-fore  the 
lieutenant  of  the  county  or  one  of  the  magislratt-s  of  the  said  district 
according  to  the  act  of  the  Assembly  of  Virginia.  In  consequence  of 
which  the  aforesaid  Court  calls  upon,  and  again  offers  to,  the  said 
M.  Bentley  to  present  himself  and  to  lake  the  said  oath  uf  allegiance 
before  the  said  Court  or  before  one  of  the  said  magistrates,  or  to 
present  to  the  aforesaid  Court,  or  to  some  one  nf  the  said  magis- 
trates, the  oath  which  he  ctntms  to  have  taken  and  signed  l>cCore 
Captain  John  Rogers,  so  that  it  may  Iw  registered;  and  then  he 
shall  be  recognized  truly  and  authentically  a  citizen  of  the  Republic  of 
Virginia,  and  juslice  will  be  rendered  him  in  that  quality.    In  consc- 


BENTLEY  TO  THE  COURT,  FEBRUARY  i8,  1781         235 

coimoissiLncc  de  ses  comtes  ny  Billets  Et  lui  renvoyé  par  l'huissier  la 
liasse  de  papiers  quil  aposé  Sur  Sur  \sic\  la  table  de  la  cours,  Gardant 
I't^cril  (lu'il  a  signé  pour  preserver  les  avances  Erronîcux  qui  sont  dedans 
dcnni!  En  la  Cours  du  district  des  KasKasKïas  l'audiance  y  tenant  le 
Mardy  trésiemc  Jour  du  mois  de  février  mi]  sept  Cent  quatrevingt  et 
tm  Signé  Jacques  i-^soukck 

CAJIBUN  NIVAUX 

Greffier 

[Transtatùtu.] 

quence  oF  his  refusal  the  aforesaid  Court  has  nut  been  willing  to  take  any 
cognizance  of  his  accounts  or  notes,  and  sends  back  to  him  by  the  bailiff 
the  bundle  of  papers  which  he  placed  on  the  table  of  the  Court,  keeping, 
however,  the  writing  which  he  signed  so  as  to  preserve  the  erroneous 
charges  which  arc  contained  therein.  Given  in  the  Court  of  the  District 
of  Kaakaskia,  the  Court  being  in  Session,  Tuesday,  February  13,  1781, 

(Signed)  Jacquks  Lasoubce 

Carbonneai;x,  Clerk. 


r 


Thomas  Benti-ev  to  the  Magistrates  op  the  CotntT  at  Kaskaskia, 
February  18, 1781 
[M.  C.  T.  MSS  —  Adcslcd  Copy.] 
AVESTlSSËttSNT 

Les  Magistras  du  dislrit  des  KasKa-sKias  et  tous  ceux  à  qui  il 
appartient  Sont  avertis  par  ces  présentes  que  Je  parts  pour  le  Gouverne- 
ment, afin  d'obtenir  Justice  contre  eux,  leur  ayant  déjà  signifié  un  pro- 
test en  date  du  i^-j  du  courant  avec  les  Billet  et  obligations  qui  me  sont 
dues,  montant  a  la  somme  de  vingt  un  mille  trois  cent  Cinquante  deux 
piastres  sept  Escalins  Et  demie  Largcnt  sonnant,  que  Je  lur  [jîe]  ai 


[Tramiatùm.] 

I  NOTICE 

The  magistrates  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  and  all  those  whom 
it  may  concern  are  ivarned  by  these  presents,  that  I  am  starting  for  tlic 
government  in  order  to  obtain  justice  against  them,  after  having  ad- 
dressed them  a  protest,  dated  the  thirteenth  of  this  month,  and  deposit- 
ing with  them  the  bills  and  obligations  which  are  due  me,  amounting 
to  the  sum  of  twenty-one  thousand  three  hundred  and  fifty-two  pîastrtSt 


MB  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

livré  pour  leur  compte  eï  risque  en  présence  de  plusieurs  témoins  Ea 
consequence,  J'en  appelé  publiquement  au  Gouverneur  et  conseil  de 
la  Virginie;  et  proteste  de  rechef  contre  tous  les  dits  Magistras  jmur 
tous  les  frais  domages  et  depeoces  souffertes  ou  a  souSrire  pour  avoir 
abandooné  mes  affaires,  et  Intérêts  et  pour  le  voyage  pénible  qu'ils 
m'obligent  faire  faute  de  M'avoir  rendu  Justice  KasKasKias  le  18  de 
février  1781  signé  t.  Bentley 

seven  and  a  half  escaiins,  in  cash,  which  I  have  left  at  their  account  and 
risk,  in  the  presence  of  several  mtnessea.  In  consequence  of  this  I 
publicly  appeal  to  the  Go^-emor  and  Council  of  the  State  of  Virginia, 
and  protest  again  against  all  the  said  magistrates  for  all  the  costs, 
damages,  and  expenses,  suffered  or  to  be  suffered,  on  account  of  aban- 
doning my  affairs  and  interests  in  order  to  undertake  the  difficult  voyage 
which  they  compel  me  to  make,  because  they  will  not  render  me  justice. 
Kaskaskia,  February  18,  1781.  (Signed)  T.  Bentley. 


CERTmcATE  OP  Dawtel  Mcrray  CoNCBRNiNii  Bentley,  February 

23,  1781. 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.— Altesled  Copy.] 

Jc  ccrti5c  que  jctois  present  quand  ta  Cours  du  Distrîquc  des  Kas- 
kaskias  dans  les  Illinois  ay  demandé  F.t  Exigé  de  thomas  Bentley  de  ce 
tUt  Village  de  Kaskaskias  Luy  ayant  Paru  devant  Eux  En  qualité  de 
plaignant  De  prêter  I/C  sermant  de  fidélité  Comme  Prescrit  Par  La-ssem- 
blée  fiénéral,  lequel  le  dit  Bentley  a  Refusé  Et  que  la  dittc  Cour  n'a  pas 
demande  aucun  autre  Serment  que  Celuy  de  fidélité,  quoy  quil  dit  dans 
un  Ecrit  qu'il  appelle  Prolest  que  la  Cours  Luy  a  demandé  Le  serment 

[Translation.] 
I  certify  that  I  was  present  when  the  Court  of  the  District  of  Kas- 
kukia  in  the  Illinois  asked  and  required  of  Thomas  Bentley  of  this 
said  village  of  Kaskaskia,  who  appeared  before  the  Court  as  plaintiff, 
to  take  tiic  oath  of  altegiance  as  prescribed  by  the  General  AssemUy. 
The  aforesaid  Bentley  refused  to  do  this,  and  the  said  Court  asked 
for  no  other  oath  than  that  of  allegiance,  although  he  says  in  a  writing 
which  he  calls  a  protest,  that  the  Court  demanded  of  him  the  oath  of 


WINSTON'S  CERTIFICATE,  MARCH  9,  1781 


337 


Doffice.  Chose  OntratHctoire  En  L'uy  m&me  Et  comme  j'ay  Eolcndu 
dire  qu'on  s'est  scrvy  de  mon  nom  En  quaUt*5  de  thcmoint,  a  la  vérité 
du  d*  Protest  cy  cela  iist  je  déclare  par  ses  Présentes  que  C'est  féaux 
donné  aujt  Kaskaskias  Le  33  fc^Ticr  1781  a  loriginal. 

Signé  DAN  UtTRAY 

Je  certifie  avoir  traduit  mot  a  mot  de  langlols  En  français  Le  cer- 
ti&cat  cy  dessus  Selon  ma  coonotsstuice  Kaskaskias  Le  8'^'  mars  1781. 

Signé     Rich.  Winston 

[Transiaiion.] 
office,  a  thing  contradictory  in  itself.    And  since  I  have  heard  that  my 
name  has  been  used  in  the  capacity  of  witness  to  the  truth  of  the  said 
protest,  (if  that  be  true)  I  declare  by  this  present  writing  that  such  a 
statement  is  false.    Given  at  Kaskaskia,  February  »3,  1781. 

On  ihe  orignal.        (Signed)     Dan  Murrav. 
I  certify  that  I  have  translated  from  English  into  French  the  above 
certificate  word  for  word,  to  the  best  of  my  ability. 

Kaskaskia,  March  8,  i78r.  (Signed)      Rich.  Winston. 


Certiticate  op  Richard  Winston  Concerning  Bentley, 

March  g,  1781 
[M.  C.  T.  MSS.—  AHcsted  Copy.l 
Je  soussigné  substitué  de  Jean  todet,  Etuyer  Lieutenant  de  La 
Conté  des  Illinois  Certifié  que  Jetais  present,  a  la  cour  du  District  des 
Kaskaskias,  quand  le  Sieur  Bentley  ses  présenté  Plaignant,  et  que  la 
ditte  Cour  sur  ses  plaintes  a  Exigé  de  luy  le  le  [jù]  serment  de  fidélité 
comme  il  est  prescrit  dans  lassemblée  général  a  qu'il  a  refusé. 

ces  pourquoi  la  cour  ne  lui  &  pas  accordé  &  ses  demandes  ta  pro- 

[Translation.] 

I,  the  undersigned,  deputy  of  John  Todd  E-squirc,  Lieutenant 
of  the  County  of  the  Illinois,  certify  that  I  was  present  at  the  Court  of 
the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  when  M.  Bentley  presented  himself  as  plain- 
tiff, and  that  the  said  Court  required,  on  account  of  his  suit,  that  he 
should  take  the  oath  of  fidelity  as  is  prescribed  by  the  General  Assembly, 
which  he  refused  to  do. 

It  is  for  that  reason  that  the  Court  did  not  grant  him  on  liis  petition 


338 


ILLLNOIS  HiyrORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


lection  des  Estât  ne  voulant  point  se  Conformer  aux  lolx  qui  <lonnc  au 
vray  Citoyen  soulics  represaille  Pour  leurs  Iniéréis  Kaakaskùis  le  g"" 
mars  1 781  sigiu!     Rien:  Winston. 

[Tran^atîoft.] 
the  protection  of  the  state,  since  he  was  unwilling  to  confonn  to  the  laws, 
which  give  to  the  true  dlizcn  equitable  means  of  recovery  for  their 
intercuts.  (Signed)  Rich.  Winston. 

Kasicaskia,  March  9,  1781. 


AfFOAViT  OF  Israel  Dooce,  March  17, 1781 
[Va.  St&tc  Libtaiy.—  A.  D.  S.] 

BOBOtV.H  OP  Clarkeville,  Ss. 

Personally  appeared  before  me  aforesaid  Israel  Dodge  and  made 
oath  on  the  holy  Rvaogelists  of  .Mmighty  God  that  being  sent  by  John 
Dodge  Agent  of  the  State  last  summer  to  Kaskaskias  in  order  to  dis- 
charge sundry  Debts  which  had  been  contracted  by  him  for  the  state, 
and  particularly  an  ace:  which  had  been  already  presented  by  the 
County  Lieutenant  f^ichard  Winston  that  from  various  actions  of  the 
said  Winston,  being  suspicious  of  his  intention  to  injure  and  impose 
upon  the  State  at  all  opportmiities  in  order  to  bring  his  actions  to  a 
proof  this  deponant  Pretended  to  have  lost  the  Accounpt  \si(]  already 
delivered  and  demanded  a  new  one,  when  the  said  Winston  jjreaentcd 
another  to  which  this  dc^mnent  pretending  to  make  some  diflculty  the 
said  Winston  affirmed  to  him  these  words,  that  upon  his  Credit,  and 
upon  the  word  of  a  Gentleman  it  was  an  Exact  and  true  Co[)y  of  ihe 
Account  already  delivered  and  that  he  was  ready  to  make  oath  of  the 
.Same  That  notwithstanding  this  declaration,  this  deponant  upon  com- 
paring ihc  two  accounts  found  a  difference  of  thirty  two  hard  Dollars 
in  Prejudice  to  the  first  Ace*  whereby  it  plainly  appeared  that  the  said 
Richard  Winston  County  Lieutenant  of  Kaskaskias  in  the  Illinois 
County  was  desirous  of  imposing  upon  him  and  injuring  the  County  of 
Thirty  two  hard  Dollars  and  farther  this  Deponant  saith  not 

Sworn  this  r?**"  March  1781  before  mc  Joseph  Hunter. 


ALLEGIANCt  OATH  TO  VIRGINIA,  APRIL  19,   1781      2») 


» 


John  Todd  to  nre  Phesidknt  op  Concress,  April  15,  1781 

IC.  C.  Pp.  Ind.  Aflairs,  56,  p.  97.— A.  U  S.] 

Lexington  Fayette  County  Virginia 

Honorable  Sir, 

By  accounts  from  the  Proceedings  of  the  last  Winter  Session  of  the 
General  Assembly  of  Virginia  just  arrived  I  am  informed  that  they 
have  given  up  lo  the  United  States  for  certain  Uses  their  Claim  to  that 
Tract  of  Tcrritor)'  betii^-een  the  36!  and  40th  Degrees  of  N.  Lat— 
Northwest  of  the  Ohio  called  Ilinois  County.  In  the  Year  1778  (he 
President  and  Masters  of  the  Cfdlege  of  William  and  Mary  were  pleased 
to  confer  upon  me  the  Office  of  Surveyor  of  that  County  which  Com- 
mission I  have  ever  since  held.  My  Design  in  this  letter  is  to  prof[f]cr 
my  services  in  Capacity  of  Surveyor  in  the  late  ceded  Territory  to  your 
Honor.  I  shall  be  ever  ready  to  comply  with  your  Requisitions  in 
giving  further  previous  Surety  for  the  faithful  discharge  of  my  Oflfioc 
and  in  executing  the  Consequential  Orders.  My  Situation  so  conve- 
nient to  that  Country,  my  Acquaintance  with  the  place  and  people  and 
my  former  Commission  unforfeited  by  any  Miafeazance  I  beg  leave 
to  urge  as  several  picas  on  behalf  of  my  Request.  WTiencvcr  required 
I  shall  take  a  pleasure  in  waiting  upon  your  Honor  and  Congre-ss 

I  have  the  Honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  Respect  your  most  obedient 
and  humble  Servant  Jko  Todd  J*. 

The  honble  the  President  of  Congress    isth  April  1781 
[Endorsed:]    Letters  John  Todd  Junr.    June  la  1781    Ordered  to  be 
on  the  tabte-Laid 
[Addressed:]    To  the  Honorable  The  President  of  Congress 


Oatb  ov  Allegiance  to  tïïje  Repdbuc  of  VatcixiA,  April  19,  1781 

[K.  MSS.— Attested  Copy.] 
Je  fais  serment  de  Renoncer  et  Refuser  toute  fidélité  &  George  trois 
Roy  de  la  Grande  Brettagnc,  ses  hoirs  et  Successeurs,  et  que  je  Scray 
fidclJe  et  Portcray  vray  Itdcllit^  a  la  Republique  de  la  Virginie  comme  une 

\Transhtùm.] 
I  make  oath  to  renounce  and  to  refuse  all  allegiance  to  George  IIL 
King  of  Greal  Britian,  his  heirs  and  successors,  and  that  I  will  be  faith- 
ful and  will  bear  true  allegiance  to  the  Republic  of  Virginia,  as  a  slate 


as» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Etat  Libre  el  Indcjxmdanl,  Et  jamais  Jc  ne  leray,  Ny  ne  ïeray  faire 
aucune  chose  qui  puisse  (-tre  rrejuditiablc  du  Injurieux  S.  la  Liberté 
et  Indépendance  du  dit  état  Comme  déclaré  Par  le  Congres,  et  aussy 
que  Jc  Découvriray  et  fcray  Sravoir,  a  quelque  Juge  de  paÏA  du  dit 
Etat,  toutes  Traistins  nu  con  s]ii  rati  uns  qui  Sont  venue  ou  Pourons 
venir  a  ma  cunnuissance,  formé  contre  le  Dit  Kta  uu  quelque  autre  des 
Étals  unis  de  laménque 

[Tratulalion.] 
free  and  indept-ndent.  and  that  I  will  never  do,  nor  cause  to  be  done, 
anything  which  might  1m:  Helrimental  or  injurious  to  the  lilierty  and 
independence  of  the  said  state  as  declared  by  Congress;  and  also  that 
I  will  disclose  and  cause  to  be  known  to  some  judge  of  ihc  peace  of  the 
said  stale  all  treasons  or  conspiracies,  planned  against  the  said  slate  or 
some  other  state  i>f  the  United  Slates  of  America,  that  have  come  or 
may  come  to  my  knowledge.* 

Casbokkcaux. 


Wiu.  OP  RicHAKii  M'Cauty,  April  35,  1781. 

[Collcrtion  of  P.  B.  Caatgnin,  Quebec.^  Copy.] 

Extrait  des  livres  des  enregistrements  du  Greffe  de  la  Comté  des 
Illinois,  au  District  des  Kaskaskias,  dépendances  des  Etats-Unis  de 
l'Amérique.' 

I,  Rirhiird  McCarthyj  of  Cahos  in  the  IlltofHs,  Gciitlemenj  being 
obliged  for  many  reasons  to  make  a  voige  from  I  his  to  I  he  seat  of  Govern- 
ment of  Ihe  common  wealth  of  Virginia»  said  voige  being  long  and 
dangerous,  on  account  of  (he  différent  Indian  N^afions  al  war  with  the 
United-Stales  of  America,  prudence  dittaics  lo  me  In  make,  constitute 
and  appoint  persona  at  this  place  to  take  care  of  my  proiwrty  and  con- 
cerns in  this  place,  that  my  wife  and  children  in  Canada  may  enjoy 
the  same  in  case  the  Almighty  shall  please  to  di-spose  of  my  life  other- 
wise, for  which  purpose  I  have  and  also  do  by  these  presents  write  and 
ngned  with  my  hand  constitute  and  appoint  Me.<wrs  Richard  Winston 
and  Charles  CharleviUe,  Esquires  of  the  town  of  Caskakco,  in  the 

■  ^M  [ha  1U1  copied  bjr  the  dcrlt  M  die  time  he  mu  prc|iatiQx  iMter  ptptn  lu  lie  nenl  to  Vlr- 
gbb,  we  ■nay  a(>triii  ittt  ■<  a  c>(>/ iif  llwiBlh  wliEch  thr  Court  «wrlnlnt  iradend  BenlI^V-  Il  h 
■  Frtndt  tniiAkilaa  <A  the  nutomtry  otih  us«d  in  Mrgiaio. 

>  The  orlsliiwl  will  and  ihcraiird  of  li  ni  Kukjukta  hnrebccn  lost.  The  cop)'.  Ifoni  vhkh  Ihii 
bulua.mi  nude  tor  Ihe  family,  Junea,  ]]»«•  Mf .  P.  B.  CMcmla  nllcd  inreitBKuaioiiAi^ 
made  Ihe  lop;  for  mc. 


M'C^RTY'S  WILL.  APRIL  35,  j;8j 


831 


Illmois,  my  good  and  faiihfuU  [henda,  tbcy  will  as  soon  as  information 
comes  to  them  of  my  death  or  any  other  Ibiag  hap[>emng  me,  put  this  my 
writing  in  force  and  inform  my  wife  and  children  in  Canada  Thereof, 
who  are  after  what  I  lawfully  owe  being  paid  my  only  heirs  which  is  the 
only  intent  and  meaning  of  this  writing. 

Tbey  will  fi.nd  my  commission  Registered  in  the  Register's  ofGce 
at  Cahos,  likewise  my  claims  lu  a  tract  of  land  above  Ibe  town  of  Cahos,' 
they  will  observe  that  my  commission  as  a  captain  in  the  service  of  the 
state  of  Virginia  as  a  regular,  by  which  my  wife  and  family  may  reap 
some  benefit  in  process  of  time,  several  notes,  &c,  the  original  I  take 
with  me  arc  rep'stcrcd  in  the  ofEce  of  Kaskaskîas  my  book  and  papers 
remain  here  in  a  chest,  copies  of  notes,  viz:  with  the  States  during  my 
command  at  Cohus  I  have  with  mc  as  well  as  the  pay  roll  of  (ny  com- 
pany up  to  the  31st  d'eccmFx^r  17&0,  copies  of  which  are  in  my  books. 
as  yet  I  have  received  nothing  for  my  pay  or  that  of  my  company  or  the 
raising  uf  them  but  have  taken  it  with  my  own  projjcrly. 

Some  disputes  may  arise  concerning  an  Indian  girl  named  Lisette 
formerly  my  property  my  friends  will  observe  that  she  is  free  and  has 
been  several  years  past,  and  her  freedom  is  registered  in  Ihu  office  at 
Cahokia  when  under  the  British  Government  Monsieur  Kocheblat'c 
Commanding  officer  my  intention  is  tlial  she  receives  so  and  keep  all 
she  has  of  my  effects  in  hand  whatsoever  —  all  other  of  my  effects, 
Debts,  Bills,  Bonds,  UUigations,  Notes  &c,  be  to  and  for  the  use  of 
my  wife  Ursule  Benoist  McCarly.  and  my  son  Richard  McCarty- 
Benoist  McCarty  and  Ursula  McCarty,  my  daughter,  now  in  Canada 
Montreal  —  in  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  at  Ca&kas- 
Kia  this  35th  day  of  April  une  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty  one 
&  in  Ifae  tifth  year  of  our  Independence. 

Signed:  Richard  McCarty 
[Addressed:]   To  Messrs  Richard  Winston  &  Charles  Charleville  Esq., 

or  either  of  them  them  to  execute. 

Signed:  Richard  McCarty. 

Enregistn*  au  greffe  de  la  comt^  des  Illinois  au  district  des  Kas- 
kaskîas,  pages  134, 135, 136  et  137  folio  63,  par  nous  notaire  et  greffier 

i\Translattoa.\ 
Recorded  at  the  clerk's  office  of  the  County  of  inc  Illinois  in  the 
District  of  Kaskaskia,  pagcâ  134.  135,  136,  and  137,  folio  63,  by  us, 
1  Prinleil  Id  lU.  tlia.  CtUeitimu,  U., 46s.  nt. 


^3» 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


du  dit  district  Kaskoskias,  le  qualrième  jour  du  tntHS  de  juillet  mil-sept- 
ccnt-quatre.  vingt -un.  ^  ,>    «. 

Nous  soussigné,  Notaire  et  Greffier,  ea  la  comtée  des  Illinois  au 
District  des  Kaskaskias,  y  résident  soussigné,  paroisse  de  l'Immaculée 
Conception  de  Notre-Dame,  certîâons  que  la  copie  cy-dessus  et  des 
autres  parts  est  conforme  à  son  original  qui  dous  a  été  présenté  par  feu 
Sieur  Richard  Winstoti  exécuteur  teslamentatre  de  feu  Monsieur 
Richard  McCarty  pour  l'enregistrer  à  l'iostant  à  lui  remis  et  délivrée 
par  nous  dît  sous^'gné  ce  jourd'hui  aux  Kaskaskias  le  vingt -neuvième 
jour  du  mois  de  juin  mil-'*pt-ccnl-quatre-vingt-neuf. 

Cahbonneaux,  Greffier. 

Nous  Jean-Baptiste  Barbau,  député  Lieutenant  de  la  comtée  des 
Illinois,  capitaine  et  commandant  à  la  prairie  du  Rocher  &c  certifions 
à  tous  qu'il  appartiendra  que  Maître  François  Carbonneaux  qui  a  signé 
la  cupic  des  autres  parts,  est  notaire  et  Greffier  en  cette  comtée,  et  que 
foy  est  ajoutée  aux  actes  par  lui  délivrés.  En  foy  de  quoy  nous  avons 
signés  CCS  présentes  à  I»  praine  du  Rocher,  ce  vingt  ncu\-îiïme  jour  du 
mois  de  juin  mil-sei>l-ccnl-quatrc-vingt-ncuf. 

Basbait. 
[Transloiùyn.] 

notary  and  clcrk  of  the  said  District  of  Kaskaskia,  the  fourth  day  of 
the  month  of  July,  1781. 

CAnnoNSEAirx,  Clerk. 
We  the  undersigned,  notary  and  clerk,  in  the  County  of  the  lUim^s, 
in  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  residing  there,  in  the  parish  of  the  Im- 
maculate Conception  of  Our  I-ady,  certify  that  the  copy,  abow  and  on 
the  other  side,  conforms  to  the  original  which  has  been  presented  to 
us  by  the  late  Richard  Winston,  executor  of  (he  late  M.  Kichaid  M'Carty, 
to  be  rt'cordtd  and  immediately  returned  to  him;  and  ihc  said  copy 
has  Ixcn  delivered  by  u»  this  day  at  Kaskaskia,  the  twcnly-ninth  day 

of  June,  178g. 

Carbonneaux,  Clerk. 

We,  Jean  Baptiste  Barbau,  Deputy  Lieutenant  of  the  County  of 

Ihc  Illinois,  Captain  and  Commandant  at   Prairie  du  Rocher  etc., 

certify  to  whom  it  may  concern  (hat  Master  Kraiiyois  Carbonneaux, 

who  has  signed  the  copy  on  the  other  side,  is  notary  ami  clerk  in  this 

county  and  that  faith  should  be  given  to  the  instruments  delivered  by 

him.    In  faith  of  which  we  have  signed  these  presents  al  Prairie  du 

Rocher,  this  twenty-ninth  day  of  the  month  of  June,  1 78g. 


PETITION  TO  THE  GOVERNOR,  MAY  4,  1781 


»33 


* 


Pétition  to  the  Goveknok  of  Vihgdjia  ruois  toe  Inhabitants  or 

Kaskaskia,  May  4,  1781 
IM.  C.  T,  MSS.— A.  D.  S.] 

A  Son  Excellence  Mr.  Le  Gouverneur  de  Virginie  &c.,  &c.,  Jbc. 

Supplient  très  humblement  l^s  habitants  des  KasKasKïas  Illinois 
et  ont  Lhonneur  de  Vous  représenter  très  respectueusement  quils 
auroient  reçu  Mr.  Le  Colonel  Clark  et  ceux  qui  L  accompagnoient  avec 
tout  Le  zcfle  possible  en  arrivant  dans  ce  pays,  espdrant  Jouir  Comme 
nos  Compatriotes  d'une  Vraye  Liberté  comme  il  nous  La  assuré 

hes  Suppliantes,  ont  fourni  toutte  Les  provisions  nécessaires  aux 
troupes  a  un  prix  assez  modique,  qui  leurs  ont  éiê  payées  avec  une 
moonoye  de  Cartes  et  Lettres  de  change  quîl  nous  a  dit  valoir  des 
piastres  Ëspagnolles  avec  lequel  argent  nont  pu  avuir  leurs  Besoins  ny 
en  faire  aucun  employ  et  usage  par  Cunseijucnt  noiis  est  resté  entre  les 
mains  de  nulle  Vallcur  quant  à  Cela  nous  navuns  aucune  plaintes  contre 
Led'  Sieur  Clark;  qui  nous  a  laissé  Sous  le  commandement  des  Mr. 
M^Gomery  duquel  nous  allons  f;iirc  Le  detail  du  Sun  administration. 

a  esté  fuurny  soixante  Milliers  de  farine  au  moins  a  Compliîr  depuis 

[Translalion  .\ 

To  his  Excellency,  the  Governor  «if  Virginia,  etc.,  etc. 

The  inhabitants  of  Kaskasl<ia  in  Illinois  very  humbly  pray,  and  have 
the  honor  to  make  known  to  you  that  they  n-ccivcd  Colonel  Clark  and 
those,  who  accompanied  him,  with  all  the  zeal  possible,  when  the  latter 
arrived  in  this  country,  because  ihcy  hoped  to  enjoy,  aa  do  our  fellow- 
citizens,  a  true  lil>erty  as  had  l»ccn  prnmiwd  to  them. 

The  suppliants  have  fiimi-shcd  all  the  necessary  provisions  for  the 
troops  at  a  price  sufficicntlv  mcKlcrate,  which  provisions  were  paid  for 
in  a  paper-mom-y  and  letters  of  cxchanRC  which  Colonel  Clark  told  us 
were  equal  in  value  to  Spanish  piastres;  and  with  this  money  [those  who 
received  it]  were  not  able  to  pn)cure  what  ihcy  needed  or  to  make  any 
use  of  it.  Consequently  it  rcmaineij  on  our  hands,  since  it  was  nf  no 
value.  In  regard  to  this  we  have  nn  complaint  to  make  against  the 
said  M.  Clark,  who  left  us  under  the  comman<i  of  M.  Montgomcr>*,  of 
whose  administration,  wc  shall  give  a  detailed  account. 

He  w:is  furnished  with  sixty  thousand  pounds  of  f!nur  at  least, 
counting  from  the  autumn  of  the  year  1779  until  the  nionth  of  May, 


»34 


>RIC\L  COLLECTIONS 


Lautoiine  mil  sept  cent  Soixante  dix  neuf,  Jusques  au  mois  de  may  mil 
Sept  cent  quatre  vingt,  qui  Estoit  tout  ce  quî  pouvoït  Estre  ûté  cela 
Estoît  plus  que  Suffisant  pour  la  Subsistance  de  trenie  huit  hommes  de 
troupe  y  compris  Les  officiers,  puis  quîl  en  h  traitté  pour  Son  propre 
compte  sur  la  Rîve  EspagnoUe;  non  content  de  Cela,  à.  donné  des 
ordres  àSa  troupe  daller  de  maison  en  maison  armée,  pour  prendre  de 
force  ce  quits  trouveraient  de  farine. 

s.  fait  tuer  il  Coups  de  mousquet  dans  Les  Rues  h  la  porte  des  granges 
et  mdme  dans  les  Cours  quantité  de  nos  annimaux  domestiques,  touttes 
fois  et  quantcs  le  Caprice  luy  dirtoit,  malgré  Les  foumitures  de  Viande  à 
luy  faitlcs,  alors  les  Suppliants  hiy  ont  représenté  quîl  les  ruinoit  totalle- 
menl  et  que  ce  ncstolt  plus  Jmiir  de  La  Liberté  qui  leur  Esloit  promise 
par  L'honorable  Colonel  Clark  chargé  disoit-ît  des  Estais  unis  de  La- 
meriquc;  Sa  reponsc  fûl,  que  sîl  y  a%'oit  quclqu'uncs  de  mécontents, 
quils  pouvoicnt  Se  preparer  à  tenir  leurs  armes  en  F^tat  et  que  luy  et  Sa 
troupe  Estoicnt  touts  prêtes  apparamment  quil  Vouloit  faire  main  Casse 
sur  nous  ce  que  nous  avons  souffert  Patiammcnl. 

M' Le  ColoDcIM'Gomcryâ  fait  une  Infinité  dinsultes  aux  habitants 


['1  ransiation.] 
1780,  which  was  all  that  could  be  collected.  It  was  more  than  enough 
(or  the  maintenance  of  thirt)*-eight  troopers,  including  the  officers,  since 
be  traded  therewith  on  his  own  account  on  the  Spanish  shore.  Not 
satisfivd  with  this  he  ordered  his  troops  to  go,  under  arms,  from  house 
to  house  in  order  to  seize  by  force  what  flour  they  could  find. 

He  has  caused  to  be  shot,  in  the  streets,  before  the  barn-doors,  and 
even  in  the  very  yards,  a  numlier  of  our  domestic  animals,  at  all  times 
and  whenever  caprice  dictated,  in  spite  of  ibc  supplies  of  meat  that  had 
bccQ  given  him.  When  the  suppliants  showed  him  that  he  was  totally 
ruining  Lhem  and  that  this  was  no  longer  the  enjoyment  of  •thai  liberty 
that  hai)  been  pmmised  to  them  by  the  honorable  Colonel  Clark,  who 
was  commissioned,  as  he  said,  by  the  United  States  of  America,  his 
answer  was  that,  if  there  were  any  who  were  disatisQed,  they  could 
prepare  themselves  to  keep  their  weajions  in  condition,  and  that  be 
and  hi.s  triKip  wi;rc  all  n.*;uly.'  Apiiarcntly  he  was  willing  to  slaughter 
us  all,  and  this  is  the  kind  of  trcuLmcnt  we  have  suHered  patiently. 

Colonel  Monigumcry  has  continuously  insulted  the  inhabitants  of 

'For  ihUihmi.iMtiiM,  p.  i5i>< 


PETTTTON  TO  THE  GOVERNOR,  MAY  4.  «;8i 


'35 


dc  ce  pays  qui  après  avoir  imploré  sa  Clémence  Lcsà  reçus  Brusquement 
alon  ils  ont  demandé  à  la  Cour  civillc  de  Sommer  ce  Commandant  de 
donner  un  Estât  de  la  troupe  qui  Comjwsoil  Sa  Garnison  tc  qui!  à 
Refusé  malgré  nos  Justes  et  soumises  representations  il  nous  a  traitté 
dimpertinents;  il  navoit  garde  de  Se  Soustraire  a  la  demande  du  peuple, 
puisquil  nouri<)Soit  aux  dépens  du  publique,  quantité  de  familles  y  com- 
pris enfants  et  Esclaves  qui  navuicnt  aucun  rapport  avi-c  la  garnison. 

ah  qui!  Est  douloureux  à  un  peuple  aussy  bien  soumis  et  porté  dis- 
dination  a  S  unir  avec  Lamcriquc;  de  Se  VoJr  frustris  auâsy  injuste- 
ment ;  par  des  personnes  qui  Hstoient  a  tous  Egards  obligés  de  prendre 
Leurs  Intérêts  ;  pour  recompense,  il  leur  est  resté  Seulement  des  papiers 
dont  on  ne  peut  faire  aucun  usage,  tandis  que  ceux  qui  Estoieut  en  place 
sils  avoient  voulu  accomplir  leur  promesse  auroient  fait  honneur  avec 
des  marchandises  cela  auruit  Epargné  quantité  de  fraix  aux  habitants 
pour  leur  procurer  Lu  rentrée  des  fonds  de  ce  papier,  et  nauroîent  point 
Couru  de  risques  dans  un  Circuit  de  Chemin  aussy  dangereux  par 
Rapport  aux  Barbares  d'autant  mieux  que  Lestât  de  Virginie  ne  Seroit 
plus  reliquataire  enirers  eux 

[  Translaiùm.] 

this  country,  who,  after  having  iniplorcd  his  clemency,  received  such 
insults  impatiently.  Then  they  demanded  that  the  civil  court  summon 
the  commandant  to  give  an  account  of  Ihc  condition  of  the  troops  that 
composed  his  garrison.  This  he  refused  to  do  in  spite  of  nur  just  and 
humble  representations.  He  treated  us  as  impertinent.  He  was  careful 
not  to  submit  to  the  demand  of  the  people,  since  he  was  feeding,  at  (he 
public  expense,  a  number  of  families,  including  children  and  staves, 
who  had  no  connection  whatever  with  Ihc  garrison.^ 

Ah!  how  grievous  it  is  for  a  people,  so  submissive  and  anxioiu  lo 
unite  with  America,  to  sec  themselves  frustrated  so  unjustly  by  persons 
who  were  bound  by  every  tie  to  protect  their  interests.  As  a  recompense, 
there  remained  in  their  hands  only  some  papers,  with  which  they  can 
do  nothing,  while  those  who  were  in  authority,  if  Ihcy  had  wished  to 
fulfill  their  promi.scs,  should  have  honored  these  with  merchandise. 
This  would  have  spared  great  cx|Krnsc  to  the  inhabitants  in  procuring 
for  them  the  payment  of  the  principal  of  thi.<  paper-money;  and  they 
would  not  have  had  to  run  risks  over  roads  so  dangerous  because  of  the 
Indian.s;  and  .still  l>cttcr  the  State  of  Virginia  would  no  longer  be  their 
debtor. 


'  The  papcn  refcnccl  lu  tie  prtnlcd  tuit,  p|>,  13A.  140. 


'33» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOXS 


après  tous  ces  faits  Rciterés  Le  dit  sieur  M'Gomcry  s'est  relinî  et 
nous  a  laissé  Sous  le  Commandement  de  M''  Rogers,  qui  nous  a  réduit 
dans  la  i>lu5  triste  scituation  Ce  Second  h  DarcrUcmetil  fait  tu<^r  tous  nos 
annimaux  comme  avoit  cy  devant  fait  Le  dit  Sr.  M'Gomery 

A  f:iit  prendre  le  bois  de  Chauffage  dans  les  Cours  des  habitants  a 
force  darmes,  où  l'un  tU-s  enfants  d'un  magistra  à  Voulu  luy  représenter 
jKilimcnt  i[uîls  ne  dévoient  pas  prendre  d'autorité;  alors  ce  com- 
mandant de  Concert  avec  Mr.  Dodgc  Ltmt  fait  cmpriwinndr  et  menacé 
Le  |>erL'  de  pareille  tium'tiun. 

Knfin  voufant  Jouer  <lc  Son  reste  à  Vendu  et  brûlé  en  partie  tous  les 
pieux,  ruiné  tous  les  b&ttraents  d'un  fort  ajipartcnant  à  des  Citoyens  de 
cet  endroit,  aprts  louttes  ces  molestations,  à  Pxrit  à  la  Cour  civille, 
Etablie  j)ar  Mr.  Le  Colonel  tood,  conformément  aux  Loix  de  L'hon- 
orable assemblés  de  Virginie,  une  Lettre  diffamatoire  disant  quit  Cas- 
.scroit  toulte  la  magistrature  et  foulcroit  aux  pieds,  siU  ne  vouloient  pas 
rendre  Justice  a  Mr.  Bentley  qui  à  refusé  le  Serment  de  fidélité  ain^ 
quil  Est  prescrit  par  L'acte  de  lad""  assemblée. 

[Translation.} 

After  all  these  acts,  which  we  have  mentioned,  the  said  M.  Mont- 
gomerj-  went  away  and  left  us  under  the  command  of  M.  Rogers,  who 
reduced  us  to  the  saddest  condition.  This  second  commandant  has 
also  caused  all  oiu"  animals  to  be  killed  as  had  been  done  before  by  the 
said  M.  Montgomer)'. 

He  has  caused  the  firewood  to  be  forcibly  seized  in  the  very  yards 
of  the  inhabilanls.  When  one  of  the  children  of  a  magUtrate  saw  fit 
to  inform  him  politely  that  he  had  no  right  to  take  it,  this  command- 
ant, acting  with  M.  Dodge,  had  this  child  put  in  prison,  and  they 
threatened  the  father  with  a  similar  punishment. 

In  short,  wishing  to  play  to  the  limit,  he  sold  and  partially  burned  all 
the  pickets  and  lore  down  all  the  slruclure  of  a  fort  belonging  to  some 
citizens  of  this  place.  After  all  these  impositiims  he  wrote  to  the  civil 
court,  established  by  Colonel  Todd  according  to  the  laws  of  the  hon- 
orable Assembly  of  Virginia,  a  defamatory  letter,  saying  that  he  would 
abolish  the  magistracy  and  crusli  it  under  his  feet,  if  the  magistrates  did 
not  wish  to  render  justice  to  M.  Bentley,  who  had  refused  to  take  the 
oath  of  allegiance  as  is  prescribed  by  the  act  of  the  laid  Assembly.' 

'  Sf«  Biilif.  pp.  ia&.  Jli. 


PETITION  TO  THE  GOVERNOR,  MAY  4,  1781 


m 


Il  convient  d'eclercîr  Son  Excellence  des  promesses  qui  ont  Eté 
faittes  aujt  suppliants  par  Le  Sieur  dodge  propose?  h.  Leffet  pour  payer 
les  fournitures  faîtles  aux  trouâtes  de  Lestât,  en  marchandises  à  bonne 
composilkm,  bien  loins  d'y  satisfaire  puis  qu'il  a  servy  dinstrument  pour 
autorizer  les  plus  grandes  Vexations. 

Mr.  Le  Colonel  de  la  Bkme  Venant  du  Congrès  muni  d'une  Com- 
mission dinspecCeur  gt^néral  de  loutte  La  Cavallerie  dans  Lamerique 
avec  une  I<etlre  de  recommandation  adressée  aux  suppliants,  par  Mr. 
faulcr,  qui  Estoit  cy  devant  notre  Commandant,  à  present, officier  dans 
le  service  ameriquain  au  fort  Pile,  Laditte  Lettre  en  datte  du  25  Juin 
1780;  a  Levé  des  volontaires  pour  aller  au  détroit  combatre  Lennemy 
et  a  trouvé  apropos  avec  Laprobatinn  de  Mr.  M'Gomery  tie  prendre 
Le  Pavillon  françois  pour  se  mettre  à  Labry  des  Insultes  des  Indiens 
mal  Intentionnés,  tnuttes  les  dépensés  faîttcs  pour  cette  Kxpedition, 
ont  Eté  aux  frais  des  habitants  et  non  a  ceux  de  Lestai;  Le  Malheur 
&  Voulu  quil  ait  î'Aé  défait  après  un  coup  (ilorieux,  notre  confianu; 
Estoit  en  luy  puis  quil  Kstoit  chargé  de  nos  afîaircs. 

[Translation.] 

It  is  fitlmg  to  enlighten  your  Excellency  concerning  the  promises 
which  were  made  to  the  suppliants  by  M.  Dodge,  who  proposed  to  pay 
for  the  supplies,  furnished  the  troops  of  the  slate,  in  merchandi.se  on 
good  terms;  but  he  has  been  very  far  from  giving  satisfaction  in  this, 
since  he  served  as  an  instrument  to  authorize  the  greatest  vexatioas. 

Colonel  de  la  Balme,  who  came  from  Congress,  provided  with  a 
commission  of  inspector  general  of  all  the  cavalry  in  America,  and  with 
a  letter  of  recommendation,  dated  June  25,  lyâo,  addressed  to  the  sup* 
pliants  by  M.  Fowler,  who  was  formerly  our  commandant  and,  at 
present,  an  officer  in  the  American  service  at  Fort  Pitt,  has  muMcn;d 
some  volunteers  in  order  to  go  to  Detn>it  to  fight  the  enemy.  He  found 
it  of  advantage,  with  the  approbation  of  M.  Montgomery,  to  take  the 
French  flag  so  as  to  be  protected  against  the  attacks  of  hostile  Indians. 
All  the  expenses  of  this  expedition  were  at  the  cost  of  the  inhabitants 
and  not  at  the  cost  of  the  sUtc.  Fortune  decreed  that  he  should  be 
defeated  after  a  glorious  achievement.  Our  confidence  was  in  him, 
since  be  was  tntru.'ilcd  with  our  affairs.^ 


I  Tlie  ppns  an  priniod  la  ckkp.  *. 


-LECTIONS 


M'*  Rogers  et  dodge  nous  ont  attribué  un  Crime  en  ce  que  Les 
Suppliants  avoient  Chargé  a  M**  d'un  Ecrit  adressé  au  ministre  de  fraoce 
à  filadelfie  dans  Lequel  ils  le  prieni  de  Sinieresscr  pour  eux  au  Congrès 
comme  il  est  àprorimïté  et  prendre  même  Leurs  Interests  pour  mettre 
fin  aux  torts  qui  leurs  Etoïent  fait  par  la  troupe  de  Virginie 

tous  ces  mauvais  traittements  Sont  La  Cause  que  de  nos  meilleurs 
habitajils  Se  Sont  Retirer  Sous  le  gouvernement  Espagnol,  Et  d'autre 
qui  attendent  Votre  Justice,  préférant  Les  Loix  despagnc  ;  a  la  tïranyc 
et  despotisme  quils  ont  Souffert  de  la  part  de  Vos  Gens. 

A  ces  Causes  et  autres  à  Supplier  de  droit  Les  Suppliants  Recourent 
Jl  Vôtre  Excellence  à  ce  Qu'il  Luy  Plaise  Examiner  Leur  Estai  déplor- 
able et  Comme  ils  sont  réduit  par  des  gens  quils  regardent  Comme  leurs 
Compatriotes,  ainsy  quil  leur  avoit  Eté  assuré  dont  ils  se  Sont  trouvés 
déchus  par  quantité  de  Calamîtees  Jusques  au  di*part  de  Mr.  Rogers 
Commandant;  En  Consequence  ils  Espèrent  que  pareille  mnnopollc 
ne  Régnera  plus  chez  eux  a  lavenir  leur  rcndrés  Justice  du  passé  et  ils 

[Trtîttsialion.] 

MM.  Rogers  and  Dodge  accused  the  suppliants  of  committing  a 
crime,  because  they  entrusted  to  M.  [de  la  Baimc]  a  writing  addressed 
to  the  minister  of  France  at  Philadelphia,  in  which  they  prayed  him  to 
act  for  their  interests  in  Congrcts,  as  he  was  near,  and  to  attempt  to 
put  a  stop  to  the  wrongs  which  were  being  practiced  against  them  by 
the  troops  of  Virginia.' 

All  these  acts  of  tyranny  are  the  causes  that  our  best  inhabitants 
have  withdrawn  to  the  Spanish  government,  and  others,  who  were  ex- 
pecting your  justice,  prefer  Spanish  I;iws  to  the  tyranny  and  despotism 
which  they  have  suffered  at  the  hand  of  your  people.' 

On  account  of  these  causes  and  others,  the  suppliants  have,  in  accord- 
ance with  justice,  come  to  your  Excellency  to  petition  that  it  may  please 
you  to  examine  their  deplorable  condition  and  how  they  arc  reduced 
by  those  persons  whom  they  regarded  as  their  fcUow-citirens,  as  they 
had  been  assured,  and  by  whom  they  found  themselves  oppressed  by 
all  sorts  of  calamities  up  to  the  time  of  the  departure  of  M.  Rogers, 
commandant.  Consequently,  they  hope  that  a  similar  m<mo|X)ly  of 
powers  will  no  longer  reign,  in  the  future,  amongst  them,  and  that  you 

>  Srr  mu*.  p.  1S9. 

*ThIieiMlua  bmnn  uMrifai  i7i»|  wmi  trail) r  sccdeniKd  «fKT  Tjflf,  and  eaodnnnl  till  Ike 
eodollbeotaiutr,    Di.  /Tù(.  CoUMJoau,  il.,  coonh  liKW(uiu]n"cniiir>llaD-" 


FI-rriTION  TO  THE  GOVERNOR,  MAY  4,  1781 


339 


ne  Cesseront  de  prier  Pour  La  Cunacrvation  des  précieux  Jours  de  Votre 

Excellence 


CUAKLKVILLE  ViLftK 

Daniel  Blouin 
antuink  buyat 
NicoLA  La  chanse 
jeak  baptiste  sauvais 
pierre  prexo 
Mariane  conante 

CHARLES  CHARLEVaU 
JEAN  BAPTISTE  JANIS 
VeDVE  DELISLE 
PELTIER  fïLS 
Marque  de    jean  LaRce 


Antoine  janis 
Lacbanse 
PK.  Ckakleville 
Bte  Laciunse 
lolis  buyat 
antoine  sauvais 
c  danis 
Louis  Lonval 
aimé  Buyat 
fkancois  janis 
antoine  peltier 
Marque  de 


Michel  pelthie 


fr  corset 

Barutel 

LONVAL 

Louis  Beazaux 
Jean  Cuoisser 
Vitale  B  au  vais 

GODIN 

Bte  Coaklevillx 

A  MORIN 

Janis 

HENKV  RELiOER 
UORENSIS 


[Translation.] 

will  render  tliem  justice  for  the  past;  and  ihcy  will  not  cease  !o  pray 
for  the  preservation  of  the  precious  days  of  your  Excellency. 


Charlevîlle  Sr. 
Daniel  BloIÎin 
iVNToiNE  Buyat 
Nicolas  Lâchasse 
Jean  Baptiste  Bauvais 
Pierre  Pheno. 
Mariane  Conante. 
Charles  Charlevîlle 
Jean  Baptiste  Janis 
Wmow  Delisle 
Pelletier  Jr. 
Antoine  Jank 
Lachanse 
Fr-  Charlevîlle 
Baptlite  Lachanse 
Loms  BnYAT 
Mark  of  Jean  La  RrK 

"       "  ItilCBEL  PeLTTIIE 


Antoine  Sauvais 
C.  Danis 
Louis  Lonval 
avhé  buyat 
François  Janïs 
Antoink  Pelletier 
Fr.  Corset 
Barutel 
Lonval 
Louis  Brazeadx. 

Je.4N  CnOBSER 

Vital  Bauvais 

GODIN 

Baptiste  Charlevtt.lk 

A.  MoRIN 

Janls 

Mark  of  Henry  Relbieb 

"       •'   MORANCV 


140 


ILLIKOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLKCTIONS 


It 

AtUADtF.  GACKIF. 

u 

JEAN  Bte  Laper[.e 

H 

JAQUE  DrVF-ONEK 

II 

I^lTY  DKLrU-K 

« 

JOSEPH  KfuVNF. 

II 

JAQUES  ChE%'NIE 

t« 

JOSEPH  FORTIS 

It 

Fbansoi  T^AKODO 

tl 

Btr  tomure 

II 

Jaque  Labriere 

U 

ptERiu;  Damon 

11 

JOSF,PH  DOZA 

n 

Guar.  Deld-le 

II 

AUOIÎSTIN  LOIJSIN 

u 

JOSEPH  TIBADX 

II 

Nicola  Canada 

tt 

Bte  Deulle 

II 

PICAKD 

(« 

JEAN  Bte  jandkon 

It 

ANTOINE  JANIS  FtLS 

It 

PAL'L  RoUME 

It 

ANTOINE  LACHANSE 

Enregistnf  au  greffe  du  district  des  Kaskosluas  en  ta  comtée  des 
Illinois  dépendance  a  la  province  de  la  Virginie  paroisse  de  l'iiumaculife 
Conception  de  notre  [dame]  Dune  page  125,  126,  137,  Et  128  f"  59  par 
nous  notaire  publique  et  greffier  dudit  district  Kaskaakias  ce  quatrième 
may  mil  sept  cent  quatre  vingt  et  va 

Carbonneaux  Greffier 


{Translation.] 

AuiABLE  Gagné  ' 
Jacol'es  Devignais 

Joseph  Muyne  ' 

Joseph  Fortin  ' 

Baptiste  Thalmue  ' 

PœBBE  Damon  ' 

Char.  Delisle  ' 

Joseph  Tibaut  ' 

BApnsTE  Deusle  ' 

Jean  Baptiste  ' 

Geniiron  ' 
Padi.  Reaitve 


"  Jean  Baptiste 

Laper LE 
"  Louis  Delisle 
"  Jacques  Cbenibr 
"  pRANyoïs  Lancdad 
"  Jacques  Labbiebe 
"  Joseph  Doza 
"  Augustin  Lousin 
"  Nicolas  Canada 
"  Picard 

"  Antoine  Japos  Jr. 
"  Antoinb  Lachansb 


Recorded  at  the  clerk's  office  of  the  Dùitrict  of  Kask&skia.  in  (be 

County  of  the  IlliooU,  dependency  of  the  province  of  Virginia,  pariah 

ifhe  Immaculate  CoikceptioD  of  Our  Lady,  on  pages  115,  126,  137. 

i''  138,  folio  59,  by  us,  notary  public  and  cJerk  of  the  said  District  of 

^skia,  this  fourth  of  May,  1781. 

Cakbonnraux.  Clerk. 


r  1  iS'ir  msTOftc  AI 


FPrVIK  IlAUCW 
CttJkB    '■ 

Bn.  bKUUz 


tA .  -  . , 


Cooovpiioo   ' 


Paoi.  Rcacms 

RfconM  iif  Ilk  tkfiS  <A 
Couniy  of  '^ 

•rf  fill-     Intiii.ii  al_.. 


■       ■  J' 

"     '•  l*iCAap 

"     ••  AvioiM»  Jaiiw  It 


3   5 


.-' ' I  ?  '>;  K' ;  _    ,    J 


s-^"- 


ffr 


i 


■^■■—^ 


«1  ■    X 


MCARTVS  AND   PREVOST'S  MISSION,  MAY  $,  nSi       241 


Contract  or  Richard  M'Cakty  and  Pierre  Prévost  with  the 
Imhabitants  of  Kaseaskia,  May  5, 1781 

[K.  MSS.— A.  D.S.I 

Pardcvanl  Lc  Notaire  Public  au  pais  des  Illinois  y  resident  îious- 
signé  En  la  paroisse  de  L'immaculée  Conception  De  Notre  Dame  des 
KasKasKias  Et  les  témoins  cy  apr&s  nommées  Et  aussy  soussignés 
furent  Presens  En  personnes  les  soussignés  habitans  de  la  ditte  paroisse 
des  KasKasKias  d'une  part.  Et  Messîetirs  Richard  MaCarty  Et 
Pierre  Prévost  d'autre  part. 

Lesquels  ont  fail  Enir'eux  les  accords  Et  conventions  qui  suivent, 
c'est  a  sçavoir  que  chacun  des  dits  soussigné  stipulant  chacun  En  leur 
particulier  s'oblige  Et  promette  payer  aux  dits  Sieurs  Richard  Ma- 
Carty Et  Pierre  Prévost  par  chaque  t»?te  d'habîlanl  Et  de  ncgre  Letout 
d'âge  leur  Cote  part  de  la  somme  De  Deux  Cent  Piastres  En  bon 
argent  Sana  fitrc  responsable  Les  uns  jwur  les  autres  de  la  part  qui  lui 
Echcra  pour  completlcr  La  ditte  somme  de  deux  cent  Piastres  En  Bon 
argent,  pour  porter  Les  Justes  Plaintes  Des  dits  soussignés  habitatis 

[Tramlaiion.] 

Before  the  undersigned  Notary  Public  of  the  country  of  the  Illinois, 
therein  residing,  in  the  parish  of  the  Immaculate  Conception  of  Our 
Lady  of  Kaskaskia,  and  the  witnesses  hereafter  named  and  also  under- 
signed, there  appeared  In  person  the  undersigned  inhabitants  of  the 
said  parish  of  Kaskasfcia  on  the  one  hand  and  MM.  Richard  M'Carty 
and  Pierre  Prcvosl  '  on  the  other. 

Which  parties  have  made  the  agreement  and  convention  which 
follow:  to  wit,  that  each  of  the  undersigned,  each  one  stipulating  for 
himself,  promises  and  binds  himself  to  pay  to  (ho  said  MM.  Richard 
M'Carty  and  Pierre  Prcvost  his  share  of  the  sum  of  two  hundred 
piastres  in  good  money  apporliimei!  among  all  the  inhabitants  and 
slaves  of  age,  without  Iicing  responsible,  one  for  another,  fur  the  part 
that  may  be  lacking  to  complete  the  said  sum  of  two  hundretl  piastres 
in  good  money,  in  order  that  they  niay  cany  the  just  complaints  of  the 

'  For»  noun  of  iiiotuf}'  ghea  mPrcvoti  f.j-  ihein!uUuuitsof  Cxbalb.m  IJS.Ifift.CBliaihni, 
ii-,  4T0'  M  Oirly  anrr  rrudiMJ  Virilnia,  for  liï  KU  Lillid  1i^  d  bond  4l  Inflbum,  whitt  on  )ik  Way 
IbllbM.  (WifA.  MiJi.  C'iiUfitimi ,  i,U,.fc4iJ,)  There  li  no  rvidamc.Atto.llul  frfyoit  rvti  went  to 
V»i[inijt.  All  we  know  a  ih.il  ihc  [ujim  iFut  trcrc  circiully  [ojilMl  al  llih  time.  In  onJO'  Ihkl  tbt 
ninaminl  tnishi  |im«il  llimi  in  ilui  fivemur,  rJinv  iniii  the  ptrnnilcm  o(  Tudivaiu  («vr  ^m1, 
11.445.  >-  il.andpatanlinliiiiriiita  tht  lûlulioi  Pirrtc  Mriuril.     SU.  MÛT.  CitltMlMU,  u.,  p.dit. 


ï4a  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Pardcvaot  Sun  I^ccUcDce  Monsieur  Le  Gouverneur  de  L'Etat  de  la 
virgiaic  où  devant  le  Congréâ  £a  cas  de  bi*soîii,  uù  dcv^int  tous  autres 
qui  auroicnt  autoriti!  D'En  (irendrc  ComioissAncc,  Butvimt  les  pi(5ccs 
par  Eux  rrmis  par  les  dits  Soussîgnt?s  liabitaiis,  jMirtans  tous  les  tords 
a  Eux  faits  Par  Messieurs  Jean  Monlgomcr}-,  Thomas  BcntU'y,  Jcao 
Rogers  Et  Jean  dodgc,  tous  frais  qu'Us  feront  dans  leur  route  Et  par 
tout  ailleurs  seront  debourcés  par  les  dits  Sieurs,  Richard  MuCarty  Et 
Pierre  Prcvost  sans  rembourcement  de  la  part  de  qui  que  ce  soit. 

Les  dits  Soussignés  habitons  Promettent  Payer  la  dilte  Somme  cy 
dessus  ditte  de  Deux  Cent  Piastres  En  bon  argent  aux  dits  Sieur  Richard 
MaCorty  et  Pierre  Prevot  a  leur  retour  En  ce  village  Soit  En  farine  où 
peau  de  chevreuil  rase  le  tout  sur  le  pîed  d'argent  de  leur  arrivée  dans 
ce  Dit  village  des  KiisKasKias  a  Evaluer  El  qui  ne  leur  sera  Compté 
qu'aux  charges  clauses  et  conditions  qu'ils  rapporteront  aux  dits  sous- 
signés la  réponse  des  pièces  Par  les  dits  soussignés  remises  qui  fera 
preuve  Qu'ils  se  sont  acquittés  de  leur  mission  Suivant  le  reçu  qu'ils 
En  ont  délivré  aux  dits  Soussignés  habitans  ce  Jourd'huy  Datte  des 

\TransliUion.] 
imdersigned  inhabitants  before  hts  Excellency  the  Governor  of  the 
State  of  Virginia,  or  before  Congress  in  case  of  need,  or  before  any 
other  body  which  may  have  authority  to  take  cognizance  thereof,  in 
accordance  with  the  documents  dcli\*ered  to  them  by  the  aforesaid 
and  undersigned  inhabitants,  which  documents  relate  the  wrongs 
done  to  the  inhabitants  by  MM.  John  Montgomery,  Thomas  Bentley, 
John  Rogers,  and  John  Dodge.  All  expenses  that  may  be  incurred 
by  them  (M'Cany  and  Prévost)  in  their  journey  and  otherwise  shall 
be  paid  by  the  said  MM.  Richard  M'Carty  and  Pierre  Prévost  without 
any  reimbursement  on  the  part  of  any  one  whomsoever. 

The  aforesaid  and  undersigned  inhabitants  promise  to  pay  the  said 
sum  of  two  hundred  pùtslra  in  good  money  to  the  said  MM.  Richard 
M'Carty  and  Pierre  Prcvost  on  their  return  to  this  village,  cither  in 
flour  or  in  shaved  deerskins,  to  l>c  \'ahiatcd  at  the  rale  of  money  at  the 
time  of  their  arrival  in  this  said  village  of  Kaskaskia;  and  this  account- 
ing will  be  made  to  them  only  on  condition  that  they  bring  back  to  the 
said  undersigned  the  answer  !o  the  documents  remitted  by  the  under- 
signed, which  will  be  a  proof  that  they  have  discharged  their  mission 
in  accordance  with  the  agreement  which  they  have  made  with  the  under- 


MCARTVS  AND  PREVOST'S  MISSION,  MAY   5,    1781       343 

présentes  fait  et  pa^si  En  L'Ktutlc  dudil  notaire  soussigné  le  cinquicme 
Jour  du  mois  de  May  aprfcs  Midy  L'an  mil  sept  cent  quatre  vingt  et 
un  En  presence  de  Messieurs  thimutli<J  De  munbrun  Et  Michel  Per- 
rault témoins  a  ce  requis  qui  ont  signés  Avec  le  dît  notaire  soussigné 
Et  Les  parties  dont  Les  un  ont  fait  leur  marque  ordinaire  Lecture  faîte 
témoins  Presens  de  la  signature  de  Messrs  McCart)*  Sr  Prévost 
M'^'^  Perrault  Richard  McCabty 

TBIMUTUÉ  DE  MONBREUN  TEMOIN  PrEVOST 

Les  Sou^'giiee  Abîtan 
Chahleville  Louis  Brazeau 

Janis  a  Mokin 

LaCUANSE  ANTOINE  BITYAT 

Charles  charle ville  picard 

Jean  Choisseul  Veuve  delisle 

Daniel  Bwuin  Vitale  Sauvais 

prend  F  Cfiahlkville 

ANTome  Baitvais  aime  Buyat 

{Translation.} 
signed  inhabitants  on  this  day,  the  date  of  the  present.  Done  and 
accepted  in  the  ufTice  of  the  undersigned  notary,  the  filth  day  of  May, 
in  the  afternoon,  and  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eight- 
one,  in  the  presence  of  Timothé  de  Monbreun  and  Michel  Perrault, 
witnesses  to  this  end  summoned,  who  signed  with  (he  said  notary 
undersigned,  and  the  parties,  some  of  whom  made  their  customary 
mark.  A  reading  was  made.  Witnesses  present  at  the  signing  of  MM. 
M'Carly  and  I*revosl. 

McH.  Perrault  Richard  M'Cabtv 

ToioTHÉ  DE  Monbreun,  witness.        Prévost 
,     The  undersigned  inhabitants: 

COARLEVaLB  LOUIS  BrAZEAU 

j.vnis  a.  morin 

Lachanse  Antoine  Bitvat 

Charles  Charleville  Picard 

Jean  Choisseul  Widow  Delisle 

Daniel  Blocin  Vital  Bauvals 

Preno  F.  Charleville 

/Vntoine  Bauvais  Aymé  Bcyat 


^^^^aJ^^^^^^LINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS      ^^^^^^^H 

^H                          F  CHARLCVILLE 

AUABLE  GAGNÉ,  sa  marquc            ^^^| 

^^1                          Jf.AN  BAPTISTE  DAtlVAtS 

JOSEPH  uiGNO,  sa  marquc             ^^H 

^^1                   JAQVU  MOAANSY  &a  marque 

Rich.  Winston                           ^^H 

^^m                 JEAN  Bte  La  p£RU£,   sa 

HANKY  Relhiek,  sa  marquc          ^^H 

^^M                            marque 

JO.  Pace                                     ^^H 

^^^^              FRANSOl  Lanudo,  53  marque 

GODDf                                                 ^^H 

^^^^B             JO&t:pa  MAKOY,  sa  marque 

JOSEPH  FORTiN,  sa  marquc           ^^^| 

^^^^H             B**^  DLUijLt:,  S3,  marque 

Pierre  duviet,  sa  marque            ^^H 

^^^^H           Louis  Deuulk,  sa  marque 

Nicx>LAs  Canada,  sa  marque         ^^H 

^^^^1           BiE.  Touim,  sa  marque 

JOSEFB    Dz    La    PARC,     sa        ^^H 

^^^^H                  ANTOINE    1>ELTLE 

marque                                       ^^^| 

^^^^1                ANTOINE  PELTU:  FIL 

Michelle  peltie,  sa  marquc        ^^H 

^^^^H                LONVAi, 

Jean  La  [sic],  sa  marque                 ^^H 

^^^^H           Louis  Lonval 

Stanisles  Levasseuk                   ^^^I 

^^^H                BAPr  CUARLEVILLK 

Ca&bonncaux    GrciîieT                ^^H 

^^^H                                                \Ttansi<Uio».]                                                  ^^| 

^^^^H                1'.  CSARLËVIIXK 

Amablb  Gagné,  his  mark             ^^H 

^^^^H           Jean  Baptiste  Bauvais 

Joseph  Miono,  his  mark.              ^^H 

^^^^H           Jaqueb     Morancv,     his 

Rich.  Winston.                          ^^H 

^^^^H 

Henry  Relhieb,  his  mark.           ^^H 

^^^^B            Jean  Bte.  Lapekle,  his 

Jo                               ^^M 

^                       mark. 

GODIN.                                                          ^^H 

^^M                  François  Lakgdau,  his  mark. 

Joseph  Foktin,  bis  mark.             ^^H 

^^M                 Joseph  Marov,  his  mark. 

Pierke  Oitviet,  his  mark.             ^^H 

^^M                  Bte.  Delisle,  his  mark. 

Nicolas  Canada,  his  mark.          ^^H 

^^M                    LODIS  Delislf:,  his  mark. 

Joseph    De   La    Parc,   his        ^^H 

^^P                    Bapt.  Thaumitk,  hi.s  mark. 

^^^H 

W                       Antoine  Pelletier 

Michelle    Pelletier,    bis              ^| 

1                       Antoine  Pelltier,  Jr. 

mark.                                             ^M 

1                                 LONVAL 

j£ANLA[ïic],hismark[Rue?J               H 

1                       Louis  Lonval 

Stanislas  Levasseur.                        ^M 

1                        Baft.  Cuabi.£VILI.k 

Carsonnuaux,  Clerk.                          H 

TO  LA  JEUNESSE,  M.\Y  s.  17S1 


245 


KicnARO  Winston  and  Jacques  Lasource  to  M.  La  Jeunesse, 

May  5,  1781 

IM.  C,  T.  USS.—  Attested  Copy.] 

MONSIEUE, 

Il  VOUS  plaira  aussitôt  la  présente  reçue  de  rcmetirc  a.  Mcssicur 
MaCarty  Et  Prevot  nos  de[iutés  [jour  representor  nos  Cîricfs  à  son 
Kxcellentc  Monsieur  le  Gouverneur  de  la  Virginie  toutes  ks  Pieces  que 
nous  vous  avons  remises  Et  si  vous  tes  avfs  prescnt(!$  k  son  Excellence 
vous  leur  remetlcrés  la  réponse  que  vous  lia  avds  reçue  a  seule  Gn  que 
CCS  Messieurs  Puisse  prendre  connoi&sancc  de  ce  qu'ils  auront  a 
faire  comme  Etans  chargé  de  nos  jwuvoirs 

Nous  avons  L'honneur  d'être  très  Parfaitement  Monsieur  Vos  très 
humbles  Et  très  obéissant  serv" 

Rich.  Wlnston 

JACQUES  LaSOURCB 

KasKasKîasIe  5"^"  May  1781. 
[Addressed:]     M.  La  Jeunesse  h.  Virginia 


S»: 


[Translaêùm.) 


As  soon  as  you  sliall  have  received  ibis  letter,  you  will  kindly  remit 
to  MM.  M'Carly  and  Prévost,  our  deputies  who  are  to  present  our 
causes  of  complaint  to  his  EsccUetocy  the  Oovemor  of  Virginia,  all  the 
documents  which  we  have  sent  to  you.  If  you  bave  already  presented 
Lbem  to  his  Excellency,  you  will  remit  to  them  the  answer  that  you  may 
have  received,  so  that  these  ^nllemen  may  know  what  (hey  have  to  do, 
since  they  are  intrusted  with  our  power  of  attorney.  We  have  the 
honor  to  be  very  respectfully,  sir, 

Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servants. 
Rich.  Winston. 
Jacques  Lasodrce. 
Kasfcaskia,  May  5,  1781. 
{Addressed:]   M.  La  Jeunesse.'  at  Virginia. 

■  At  <liHcn-n1  lima  Ihr  rrench  of  lllmola  Mnt  uKcnti  U>  VSrcinU  lo  refttatu  thetr  grinsiKM 
4D<1  lo  ooUkI  cIm  money  dw  lu  llitoi.     Lu.  JnincMc  wu,  probably,  nicli  oa  afcnl. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Nicolas  Jams  to  Capt.  Fowleb,  May  5, 1781 

[M.  C,  T.  MSS.— A.  L.S.J 
MONSIEUB 

J'ai  lecQ  Votre  Lettre  ties  gracieuse  dons  laquelle  Vous  marquas 
que  cela  nous  Surprendroit  peut-Etre  au  Contrain::  cda  ne  fait  quaug- 
meater  nôtre  ofiection  et  attachement,  Permettes  que  J'aye  L'honneur 
de  Nous  faire  mes  Sincères  remercimenls  de  laltaclie  que  Vous  nous 
marqués  avoir  pour  nOtre  pays,  Tous  Les  citoyens  de  cet  t-nctruit  vous 
ont  bien  regretté  depuis  vôtre  depart  et  me  Chargent  Chacun  en  parti- 
culiier  de  voua  assurer  de  leurs  respecte. 

\'ous  avés  Recommandé  M*"  de  la  Balmc  qui  mcriloii  à  tiius  Egards 
(|uc  Ion  ut  de  latlention  pour  luy,  nous  lavons  reçu  et  favorizé  ilu  mieux 
qu'il  nous  a  Eté  possible,  il  a  kvé  icy  une  Certaine  quantité  de  Jeunes 
gens  Volontaire  disant  quil  alloit  prendre  Le  Detroit  en  Voulant  S'en 
revenir  a  été  attaqué  aux  miamis  par  les  Sauvages  il  aété  lue  et  Duplassy 
aussi. 

Permettes  que  ma  femme  et  ma  patittc  famille  Se  Joingncnt  à  moy 

pour  vous  remercier  et  Mad"  faulér  très  respectueusement  de  lattcntion 

quelle  Veut  bien  avoir  pour  nous  et  de  nous  Croire  que  Je  Seray  avec 

Respect 

\Translalion.] 

S»; 

I  received  your  wry  kind  letter  in  which  you  note  that  perhaps  it 
would  surjirise  us.  On  the  contrary  it  only  augments  our  aHcctiun  and 
attachment.  Allow  me  to  express  my  sincere  thanks  to  yuu  for  the 
attachment  which  yuu  testify  to  have  for  our  country.  All  the  inhabi- 
tants uf  til  is  place  have  missed  you  very  much  since  your  departure,  and 
each  one  begs  me  to  assure  you  uf  his  respect. 

You  recommended  M.  de  la  Balme  as  one,  in  every  respect,  worthy 
of  our  alci-nlion.  We  received  him  and  favored  him  as  best  wc  could. 
He  gathered  quite  a  number  of  young  Volunteers,  saying  that  lie  was 
going  to  capture  Detroit.  While  attempting  to  come  back  he  was 
attacked  at  Miami  by  the  Indians,  and  he  was  killed,  as  was  also  Du- 
plasy. 

Permit  that  my  wife  and  my  small  family  join  me  in  thanking  you 
and  Madame  Fowler,  very  rcs|MXtfuIly,  for  the  regard  which  you  are 
kind  enough  to  have  fiff  us.    Believe  us,  sir,  with  rcsjwct, 


JANIS  TO  FOWLER,  MAY  5,  1781  347 

Monsieur  Votre  très  humble  et  très  ob'  serviteur 

5  may  1781.  Janis 

Je  nai  pas  manqué  de  macquitter  de  la  mission  dont  vous  mavés 

Chargé  envers  le  docteur  Gibkins  il  se  porte  bien 

\Addressed-\    Monsieur  Fauler,  Ëcuyer  Command* 
Au  Fort  Duquêne 

[TranshUon.] 
Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 
May  5, 1781.  Janis 

I  did  not  fail  to  comply  with  the  mission  to  Doctor  Gibkins,  with 
which  you  entrusted  me.    He  is  very  well. 
[Addressed:]    M.  Fowler,  Esquire,  Commandant 

Fort  Duquesne. 


CHAPTER  VII 

THE  GOVERNMENT  OF  THE  MAGISTR.^TES,   MARCH,    1781.   TO 

APRIL.   i;83 

William  Skaxncw  Writes  to  Claek  —  Joseph  LABOxtaiE  —  Piekkb 
Langlois  Demands  E5cpianation*s  —  Winston  Defends  ms  Right  or 
AppoiîmiENT  —  He  Accuses  the  Cowrt  or  Tyranny  —  Jaques  La- 
SOUKCE  Defends  the  Court  —  A  New  Election  or  Magistoates. 


WcLLUu  Shannon  to  George  R.  Clare,  May  21, 1781 

[Draper  MSS.,  siJsa.— A.  U  S.] 

SuLLiVANS  Station  21*^  of  May  1781 

Your  express  by  Cap*  Sullivan,  to  fort  Jefferson,  I  forw-ardcd  as 
soon  as  it  tame  to  hand,  the  relum  of  which  you  have  enclosed,  I  Icam 
by  letters  from  that  post,  that  they  are  in  a  starving  Condition.  &  am 
sorry  to  inform  you,  that  it  is  allmost  out  of  my  power,  at  present  to 
relive  them.  Majr.  Slaughter  heving  used  the  provisions  purchaised 
for  that  post,  and  injured  our  Credit,  so  much  in  this  place  that  I  find 
it  allmost  impossible  to  purchase  anything  without  money,  about  three 
weeks  ago,  I  sent  a  bout  to  Post  S'  Vincent  «ith  three  hundred  Gallons 
€»f  whiskey,  to  purchas  the  skins  you  wrote  for,  5:  expect  the  return  of 
them  by  the  time  you  are  here.  Yesterday  I  sent  Cap*^  Moore  with 
two  other  Gent'""  to  the  Countys  of  Lincoln,  &  Fayette,  with  instruc- 
tions to  purchase  what  Beef  Cattle,  Dry  &  jjickelcd  Beef,  Butter, 
Cheese,  com  &c.  they  possibly  could,  on  the  Credit  of  the  State, 
AsurtDg  them  that  the  money  woud  shortly  be  paid.  I  shoud  have 
went  myself  but  Detained  in  hopes  of  purchasing  One  or  ivni  hundred 
bushels  of  Corn,  for  the  relife  of  fort  Jefferson,  whlcli  I  intentl  imedetly 
to  send  With  about  eight  or  ten  thousand  weight  of  Beef  which  Slaugh- 
ter has  not  yet  got  into  his  hands.  Cap*  Jnhn  Rogers,'  of  the  Light 
Dragoons,  arrived  here  about  six  or  seven  weeks  ago,  from  the  fllinois 
with  his  whole  Company,  in  good  helth,  there  were  with  him  Messers 

*  Alter  uTlvlag  41  ttw  FaIU,  Rof«n  wtou  a  l«l«r  to  Conraor  JcHctmb  m  vbkb  he  ddcsded 
tài  coodiKt.    Contuli  Va.  Slaii  Faftn,  11-,  -jb. 

348 


SHANNON  TO  CLARK.  MAY  ai,   1781 


049 


Dodge.  Dcjcao.  &  Bcndey  on  Ihcir  way  lo  Government,  with  several 
Indians,  uf  which  Bitltlst  the  Rusk;is.kai:i  Chile  was  One.' 

I  can  procure  any  quantity  of  salt  you  may  want  for  ynur  present 
expItUtioD,  it  I)cing  the  only  article  that  can  Iw  pun^hasctl  here  on  the 
Credit  ni  tile  Slate.  I  most  sincerely  wish  thai  you  woud  inform  Govern- 
ment, that  in  case  they  woud  furnish  me  with  money,  I  Could  purchase 
provisions  in  this  Department,  at  allmost  half  llie  sum,  I  can  for  Credit, 
Instance  cum  &i  salt,  IT  Cash,  eurn  can  Ih:  liad  at  forty  Dollars  Pr. 
Bushel,  &  for  Credit  eighty  or  une  hundreit,  fT  Cash  salt,  can  be  had 
at  five  or  six  hundred  Dollars  I*r.  Bushel,  &i  fur  Credit  eight  hundred 
or  one  thousand,  and  the  sume  case  with  every  S|>ede.'>  of  pnivision.s, 
since  you  left  this  place.  I  think  if  you  were  lu  inform  Government  of 
this  that  they  woud  remedy  it,  as  the  State  is  run  Double  ex(Knce,  in 
not  having  money  to  purchase  with, —  As  Col"  Floyd  write  you  I 
shall  refer  you  to  his  letters  for  neuws,  Capt.  Sullivan  will  write  you  the 
Difficulties  he  labours  under  with  regard  to  being  furnished  with  the 
necessary  gaunds  &  foltaug&'  for  the  men  he  has  Iniployed  to  build 
the  state  boats.  I  am  Sir 

With  due  respect  Your  most  Obed*  Humb"  .Serv* 
Wu-L  :  Shannon 
Commiss.  of  Gen^  I.  D. 

P.  S.  please  present  my  best  Compliments  to  Capt  Benj"  Harri- 
son &  inform  him  that  1  should  be  ha])py  in  his  showing  himself  once 
more  in  the  mess.  W.  S. 

N.  B  Mr.  Vait  who  is  Iitiployed  to  convey  the  present  eitprcsa  is 
referred  to  you  for  |)ay  W.  S. 

[Addressed:]    To  the  Honli'  Brigadier  Gen'  Clarke  Pittsburgh  or  Else- 
where at  Pr  express 

(On  publick  service) 

*  Bmtlcy  wrnl  to  Vtr|b]Im  uul  pctctûnrd  ihs  AMEntUjr  hr  parmoit  of  ntaupj  owinx  him. 
Consult  I'd.  Stale  fafrri.  h..,  r^S;  Jtnir.  tj  Houir  «t  Pfi'tatet,  under  oat»,  Jua«  iS.  ««t  11H3. 
'Iht  atma  *rc  (daiiily  «riius,  but  ihe  uult  hdt*  noi  Iwcii  IdcaUlwd. 


Silt: 


As  the  men,  who  were  lately  accused  of  having  stolen  some  horses 
not  onljr  from  the  state  but  also  from  individuals,  have  just  arrived,  it  is 
of  the  greatest  importance  that  a  special  scz^ion  be  held  today,  tbc  state 
being  the  plaintiff,  in  order  to  make  all  inquiry  and  to  know  the  nature 
of  the  cause.  It  b  for  this  reason  that  I  beg  you  to  communicate  the 
contents  of  this  letter  to  Messieurs  the  Magistrates,  and  that,  as  quickly 
as  possible.     1  have  the  honor  to  be  always,  ûr, 

Vour  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

RjcBAJto  Winston. 

Kaskaskia,  May  23, 1781. 
[Adéressed:]    Monsieur  Jani<i,'  Magistrate  at  Kaskaskta. 


*  tank  WW  pCDti*)>l«  al  (bl>  tbnc  prakknt  of  dtc  Court,  bul  m  pp.  iit,  145.154.  OoatODant 
Bl  Ihelntol  the  itmvi-hacA,  Il  i(  mon  dJfflcuIl  mfollv*  UwHTynnd  ol  aw  KuImIeU  Co«R  tbut 
ilul  uf  iIm  Court  ul  Cihok.!»,  wtiiac  ranrd*  Mit  almal  oooiplinc.     See  111.  Bia.  CtUteliemi,  U. 


SMITHS  PETITION,  MAY  31,  178» 


»5" 


Petttion  of  Henry  Sumi,  May  31,  178t. 

[K.  MSS.—  A.  L.  S] 

a  la  Cour  Respectable  du  District  dcH  Kaskasklas  aux  Illinois 
Messieuhs, 

J'ay  l'honneur  de  vous  pnïscntcr  ma  cleffcnce  sur  I*acli[on]  que 
M'  le  Major  Williams  a  pnxjuit  Contre  moy  a  la  Dcmîere  cour,  con- 
semant  un  cheval  par  luy  recUinnî  en  faveur  de  i'ctat  de  Virginie,  qui 
a  été  trouvé  en  Possession  de  nicolas  smîlc  le  major  Williams  et  Ken- 
nedy ont  tenu  cette  affaire  cy  Sccrctlc  fiuc  Je  ne  l'ay  aprîs  quenviron 
une  demy  heure  avant  qu'ils  Tayc  pris,  j'ay  été  allarmé  en  premier 
lieu  n'ayant  potnl  signiï  la  vente  que  J'en  avois  à  ni  smîthe  comme  il 
n'avoit  pas  achevé  de  Me  payer,  mais  uprbs  avoir  Considéré  j'ay  pence 
que  M""  Gion  etoit  Celui  qui  devoii  me  rembourser  ayant  acheté  I^ 
Cheval  de  Lui  M'ns  [?]  Guion  m'ayjint  apris  quil  n'avoit  pas  pris  le 
Cheval  Par  Des  voyes  régulières  il  n'a  pi>inl  voulu  me  le  payer  avant 
quil  ne  Soit  L'égallenient  prou^-é  quelque  lems  ap^^s  un  jeune  homme 
qui  demeur  chez  moy  étant  a  chercher  Des  cl)e\'caux  m'apris  qu'il 
avuit  attrapé  celui-là  parmi  les  Miens,  Je  le  prist  donc  en  possession 

[Translation.] 

Tn  ihe  Honorable  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  in  the  Il- 
linois. 
Gentlemen: 

I  have  ihc  honor  to  present  lo  you  my  defence  in  the  suit  which 
Major  Williams  has  brought,  in  the  last  Court,  ayainsi  mc  ronrcming 
a  horse  which  was  found  in  the  jHissession  of  Nicholas  Smith  and  which 
the  plainiifï  reclaims  for  the  Slate  of  Virginia.  Major  Williams  and 
Kennedy  have  kept  this  affair  so  secret  that  1  learnecl  of  it  only  about 
half  an  hour  Iwrfore  Ihey  took  the  horse.  I  was  alarmed  in  the  first 
place,  because  I  had  not  signed  the  sale  of  it  that  I  had  made  to  Nicholas 
Smith,  because  he  had  not  yet  paid  me;  but  after  I  considered  it,  I 
thought  that  M.  Guion  was  the  one  who  ought  to  reimburse  mc,  since 
I  Iwught  the  horse  from  him.  M.  Guion  informed  me  that  he  had  not 
taken  the  horse  in  a  regular  way  and  therefore  he  did  not  wish  mc  to 
pay  him  until  the  title  to  him  was  legally  proved.  Some  lime  thereafter 
a  young  man,  who  lives  at  my  house  informed  me  that  in  looking  for 
some  liursrs  lie  had  caught  this  one  among  mine.     I,  then,  tixik  pos- 


«sa  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

pour  le  Garder  Jusqu'à  ce  qu'il  Soit  pri>uv€  être  aux  étal  par  des  voyes 
Kcgulii:rt:  clc  Justice,  j>ar  ce  que  m'  Kennedy  a  refusé  de  Prouver  c|ue 
les  Kcat  Hen  avoit  reyeu  aucun  proût  Le  Colonel  tnontgomcry  qui 
('omniiinilciit  icy  on  labsencc  du  Col.  Clark  avoit  droit  de  vendre 
changer  et  trattqucr  les  cheveau.T  et  autres  Effets  de  l'etat  Sans  que  les 
personnes  qui  les  achctoient  en  fussent  responsable,  puisque  L'clat 
luy  en  avoit  donné  le  pouvoir,  cest  a  luy  seul  a  qui  ils  [tcuvent  S'en 
|>n;ndn:  El  non  pjs  aux  Parùculiers,  car  ce  seroit  une  injustice  dont 
l'état  ne  )iertncttroit  nullement.  Je  suis  Prêt  3.  vous  prouver  mcïuiîeurs, 
que  le  Colonel  Montgomery  à  vendu  ou  trafique  ce  même  cheval  a 
M'  Presgers  [sk]  El  Bersiiars  {?]  a  M'  Williams,  et  que  M'  Williams  à 
offert  une  Somme  au  nomé  Bond,  il  y  eu  un  an  l'hiver  passé  pour  luy 
prendre,  mais  ne  l'ayant  j>eu  trouve  ils  l'on  crû  morl  ce  qui  il  fait  que 
te  manlié  entre  Williams  et  Brcshers  &  nuinqué  mais  L'ayant  trouvé 
a])rbs  Brcshers  la  vendu  à  Sergt  meriwethers,  ccluicy  la  vendue  a 
Crouchcr,  Crouchcr  à  (luion,  Et  guion  a  moy,  Je  vous  observe  que  ce 
cheval  n'a  point  Etampe  de  L'Etat  comme  il  paroit  par  mon  marché 
Je  vous  prie  de  considérer  Mcssieur  Sy  la  vente  qui  en  a  Eté  fait  le 

\Tramtaiicn.\ 
session  of  it  to  keep  it  until  the  title  to  it  was  proved,  by  the  regular 
course  of  justice,  to  belong  to  the  state,  lx;cause  M.  Kennedy  refused  to 
prove  that  the  state  had  received  no  profit  from  it.  Colonel  Mont- 
gomery, who  commanded  here  in  the  absence  of  Colonel  Clark,  had  the 
right  to  sell,  exchange,  and  traffic  in  the  horses  and  other  property  of 
the  state  without  making  the  people  who  bought  them  responsible 
therefor,  since  the  state  had  given  him  the  power  so  to  do.  It  is  he 
alone  against  whom  they  can  make  suit  and  not  against  the  individuals, 
for  that  would  be  an  injustice  which  the  state  would  in  no  way  permit. 
I  am  ready  to  pro\'e  to  you,  gentlemen,  that  Colonel  Montgomery  sold 
or  trafficked  this  same  horse  to  M.  Brashers[?]  and  Brashers  to  M. 
Williams,  and  that  Mr.  Williams  offered  it,  a  year  ago  last  winter,  to  the 
named  Bond  for  a  price,  but  not  long  after  they  found  it  as  they  believed 
dead  and  this  caused  the  failure  uf  the  sale  between  Williams  antl 
Brashers;  after  it  reco^vred,  Brashcrs  sold  it  to  Croucher,  Cmucher  to 
Guion,  and  Guion  to  me.  I  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  (hat  the  horse 
does  not  have  the  state  brand,  as  appears  by  my  bill  of  sale.  !  pray 
you  to  consider,  gcnllcmen,  whether  the  sale  which  Culoncl  Mont- 


SMITH'S   PETITION.  MAY  31.    1781 


«53 


Ccplonel  Montgomery  qui  est  venu  de  l'un  a  l'autre  Jusqua  Moy  tic 
doit  pas  mautoriâé  à  Je  garder  à  mois  que  M''  Williams  où  son  procur- 
eur ne  donne  des  preuves  que  le  TCodeur  na  point  reçeu  de  vaileur  pour 
ce  dit  cheval  alors  Jaurois  recours  Sur  celui  qui  nie  la  vendue,  vous 
voyés  messieurs  ma  bonne  foy  j'ay  bien  payé  ce  cheval  qui  a  été  légitime- 
ment vendu  comment  puis- je  le  perdre  dans  [jiV]  Sans  Injustice,  Enfin 
Je  suis  et  seray  toujours  prêt  a  me  Conforme  à  vos  ordre  dans  touttes 
ocasion  et  suis  avec  tout  le  respect  et  attachment  d'un  vray  Citoyen 
Messieurs  votre  très  humble  et  très  ob.  Serviteur, 

HenrvSmhh 
KasKasKias  le  ai*""  May  1781 

vu  la  requête  cy  dessus  et  des  autres  parts  par  la  Court  du  Dis- 
trict des  KasKasKias  la  Quelle  dit  qu'il  n'est  pas  de  sa  Competence 
De  prendre  aucune  connois&ance  des  affaires  qui  concernent  L'Etat 
vu  le  protest  du  S*"  Jean  GerauU  procureur  au  dit  district  pour  Letat 
de  la  Virginie  En  datte  du  Vingt  septième  septembre  Mil  sept  cent 
soixante  et  dix  neuf  En  consequence  la  ditte  Court  renvoyé  La  Con- 
noissance  de  cette  Cause  par  devant  les  auditeurs  des  Etats  Généraux 

\Tramhiiim.\ 
gomeiy  has  made  and  which  has  passed  from  one  to  another  up  to 
myself  ought  nU  tn  authorize  me  in  keeping  it,  unless  M.  Williams  or 
his  attorney  give  proof  that  the  seller  has  not  recicved  a  valuable  con- 
nderation  for  the  said  horse,  in  which  case  I  should  have  recourse 
against  him  who  sold  it  to  me.  You  see,  gendemen,  my  good  faith. 
I  have  paid  goods  for  this  horse  which  has  been  legally  sold.  How  can 
I  lose  it  without  Injustice?  Finally  I  can  and  shall  be  always  ready  to 
conform  to  your  orders  on  all  occasions  and  I  am  with  all  the  respect 
and  attachment  of  a  true  citizen  your  very  bumble  and  very  obedient 
servant.  Uiu4Bï  Suira. 

Kaskaskia,  May  31, 1781. 

The  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  having  examined  the  peti- 
tion, above  and  on  the  other  side,  declares  that  it  is  not  competent  to 
take  any  cognizance  of  suits  that  concern  the  state  in  view  of  the  protest 
of  M.  Jean  Girault,  attorney  in  the  said  district  for  the  Slate  of  Virginia. 
dated  September  27,  1779.    Consequently  the  said  Court  sends  the 


ÏM 


aLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COU.KCTIONS 


aux  qu'ils  ta  cooiwÂssaiice  seule  En  a{>partient  Mandons  &r  fait  Et 
donné  Ea  L'audience  dudit  district  Le  Jeudy  trrnie  et  unième  Maj 
mil  sept  cent  quatre  vingts  cl  un. 

J\CQ\rES  Lasookcs 
[Endorsed:]    Requête  du  Sieur  hem;  Smith  du  6°**  Jtfajr  1781. 
No.  68. 

[TraHsIaiùm.] 
cognizance  of  this  cause  to  the  auditors  of  the  Estates  General  to  whom 
alone  cognizance  belongs.    We  order,  etc.,    Done  and  given  id  the 
audience  chamber  of  the  said  district,  Thursday,  May  31, 17S1. 

Jacques  Lasoubce 
[Endars^f]    Petition  of  M.  Henry  Smith.  May  6,  1781,  No.  68^ 


I 


Joseph  Labuxiere  to  Jacqijes  La  Socrce.  Presideni  of  the  Court 
at  Kaakaskia,  August  1,  1781 
(K.USS.— A.  O.S.] 
A  Monsieur  Jacques  la  Source  presideni  de  la  cour  du  district  des 
Caskakias. 

MOMSIEDR, 

Lc  S'  Labuxicre  Nommé  |iar  M*'  Lc  govemcur  Civil  [irocureur  de 
LEtat  de  Virginie  En  la  Lomt<!  des  ilinots  par  la  transmission  que  M'' 
Girault  luy  a  fait  de  cette  Charge  vous  a  présente  Sa  commission  signé 
du  d'  s'  Girault  de  M**  Lc  gomxmeur  Civil,  de  vous  Monsieur  et  de 
deux  autres  Magùlrat  tendante  a  Icnrcgistrcmrnt  En  ce  grcITc  Lc 
greffier  vient  de  lui  dire  quit  faloit  ([uil  vous  prcwnte  une  requrte  pour 
que  tenregistrcmcnt  V.ù  tieu  Ccsl  Kn  cftnsequance    Monsieur  que  je 

To  M.  Jacques  Lasourre,  President  of  the  Court  of  the  District  of 

Kaslcaakia. 
Snt: 

M.  Labujricrc,  named  by  the  civil  governor  attorney  for  the  Slate 
of  Virginia  in  the  County  of  Illinois  by  the  transfer  which  M.  Girault 
made  to  him  of  this  office,  has  presented  to  you  his  commisMon  signed 
by  the  said  M.  Girault,  by  the  civil  governor,  by  you,  sir,  and  by  two 
other  magistrates,  for  the  purpose  of  registering  it  in  this  office.  The 
clerk  hxs  just  told  him  it  was  necessary  that  he  present  to  you  a  peti- 
tion that  the  registration  may  take  place.     It  is  in  consequence  of  this 


LAlîUXIERE  TO  LASOURCE.  ACGUST  i,  [781 


35s 


I 


TOUS  suplie  dordonner  Icnregistrement  Cejourdhuy  ayant  Besoin  de 
ma  comtoîssioi]  pour  Raison  a  mon  ministère  a  St.  I^uis  le  1^  aoust 
1781.  Labuxiese 

Vu  la  requite  cy  dessus  et  des  autres  Farts  par  nous  Juges  a  paîz 
et  president  de  la  Court  Du  District  fi:c.  le  Sieur  Labuxiere  aura  la 
boaté  de  nous  Exhiber  la  CommissioD  de  sod  commettaat  pour  En 
faire  La  Confrontation  au  paravant  de  L'admettre  a  LEnregistrement 
Et  pour  provision  demeurera  La  ditte  commission  au  Greffe  pour  y 
faire  Droit  Jusqu'à  ce  que  celle  de  son  commettant  nous  soit  Exhibé 
Donné  En  notre  auditoire  aux  KasKasKias  le  premier  aoust  mil  sept 
cent  quatre  vingt  et  un  Jacques  Lasoctrcb 

il  ordonné  au  greffié  de  Remetre  La  Commission  au  Sr.  LaBussiere 
San  lan  Registre,  au  Cas  août  1781.  Jacques  Lasource 

[Endorsed:]  17S1  Requête  du  S**.  Labuxîere  tendante  a  LEnregistre- 
ment de  sa  commission  de  procureur  générale  du  30""  aoust. 

[TraHilcIiott] 
thaï  I  beg  you  to  order  a  registration  of  it  this  day,  as  I  have  need  of  my 
commission  on  account  i>f  my  duties  at  St.  Louis.    August  i,  178J. 

Labuxîere.' 

The  petition,  alx)ve  and  on  the  other  page,  has  been  examined  by  us, 
justice  of  the  peace  and  president  of  the  Court  of  the  District,  etc. 
M.  Labuxiere  will  have  the  kindness  to  show  us  the  commission  from 
his  principal  in  order  to  make  a  confirmation  thereof,  before  it  is  ad- 
mitted for  registration  and  provisionally  the  said  commission  shall 
remain  in  the  clerk's  oIUcc  to  do  justice  to  it,  until  that  of  his  principal 
shall  have  been  exhibited  to  us.  Given  in  our  office  at  Kaskaskia, 
Augu.st  I,  1781,  Jacquks  Lasoukce 

The  clerk  is  ordered  to  remit  the  commission  to  M,  Labuxicrre  with- 
out registering  it.    Kaskaskia,  August,  1781.       Jacques  Lasource 
[Kntiorsed:]     17S1,  IVlitiun  of  M.  Labuxiere  for  the  registration  of  his 
commission  uf  attorney  general,  August  30, 

'  For  liiiifniNhiul  anlice  nf  Jiwpii  I«hiiiicre,  coosull /U.  Bui.  CellirlimUt  ii..ta).  a.  it.  Han 
Mim  noticn  of  blm  will  be  tmiiHl  hy  «orunililiiB  ihr  Indm.  HI*  cmxminlaa  u  M*>r%  ■Usmt  ii 
frialcd  IM..  tï  487,    CcMuulliIto  the  Inilnt  ol  iliji  viilume. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

LANOLOIS  to  TBS  KÏAGlSTItATeS  Or  THE  COtTBT  OF  KaSKASKIA,  AuguM 

16,  1781. 
[K.MSS.— A.  D.  S.] 
A  la  Respectable  Courl  du  district  de»  Caskakias  &c.  Szc. 

Messie  tTRS, 

Lc  Soussigné  avoit  ignore  jusqu'à  ce  present  jour  quil  nc  pouvoil 
y  a\-oir  qu'un  Seul  notaire  Comme  il  a  vu  lui  même  Sous  le  Règne  des 
français  &  autres,  ne  {>ensant  point  qu'on  auroît  En/cindre  celte  Cou- 
tume C'est  pourquoy  Sil  est  possible  messieur  de  pouvoir  lui  octroyer 
cet  place  puur  lequel  il  S'offre  de  passer  a  l'examins  par  qui  conque 
voudroil  l'interroger  si  toute  lois  cet  charge  Se  peut  accorder  a  ceux 
qui  La  demande  n'eyant  jamais  vu  cet  Emploi  vacant  pour  avoir  eu 
lieu  de  ta  p<mvi>ir  exiger,  non  plus  qua  ce  present  jour  quoyque  ce  pais 
ne  faisoit  Ensemble  qu'un  Seul  district  Et  Beau  Coupe  plus  Etandu 
Et  peuplé  qua  ce  jour,  quelque  fois  Le  Notaire  de  ce  pais  nomoit  un 
derc  dans  un  autre  village  pour  le  Représenté  C'est  La  grace  qu'espère 

[Translation,] 

To  the  H<mi>ra.ble  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  etc 
Gentleui;n: 

The  uiidersignL-d  was  ignorant  up  to  the  present  day  that  there 
could  be  more  than  a  single  notary,'  as  he  has  himself  seen  under  the 
regime  of  the  French  and  others,  and  he  flid  not  think  that  this  custom 
had  been  broken.  That  is  why  he  [letitions  for  the  office,  if  it  is 
possible,  gentlemen,  to  grant  him  this  place;  and  he  offers  to  submit 
to  an  examination  by  anyone  who  may  wish  to  ask  him  questions. 
If,  moreover,  tliis  office  can  t>e  granted  (u  those  who  demand  it  and, 
although  he  has  never  seen  this  situation  vacant  any  more  than  at  this 
present  day  so  that  he  could  have  had  an  opportumily  to  dnmand  it,— 
although  [in  former  times]  this  whole  country  made  only  a  single  dis- 
trict much  more  extended  and  populated  than  at  present,  sometimes 
the  notar)'  of  this  country  did  name  a  clerk  in  another  village  to 


I  UurJIir;  "lluil  thrtr  couW  I*  onljt  a  un^«  colanf."  whjth  doo  col  fit  (he  C(in<cil.and  k  nol 
la  accord  with  facts,  Tbot  wu  bul  one  nourj  under  (tie  frenth.  Thr  two  IriMn  oJ  Ltaglolà  (the 
tCMnd,  fl,  P  'S**  «e  ""T  difficull  Uj  inlnprtr.  if  not  imponiblr  Thr»  arc  cïldmtlir  rdilnl  (0 
(he  WicT»  |fiu.iiu(  Selwew  the  Courl  and  Wlniton,  p»laierj  oa  Iht  (olkwina  pjKt«.  From  Winklon't 
plaCtrd  lf'">,  p.  3^)  *■>  I'wm  (hit  Ihe  Couri,  on  Ausi^l  lâ,  fmi  braid  ul  ihi  sppomciD«n(  of  ■ 
Mtood  notary  lijr  lAlnMoo- 


WINSTON  TO  LASOLRCE,  AUGUST  17,  1781  257 

Le  Suppliant  que  vous  lui  accorderont  sa  demande  El  Voua  i  scre  droit. 

1'.  1-ANCLOIS 

Au  CEiskakias,  le  j6'*  aoust  1781. 

Vu  Par  la  Court  du  District  dfs  KasKasKias  La  requête  cy  dessus 
Et  des  autres  part  laqu'ellc  déboute  ht  demandeur  vu  qu'il  est  nnmmé 
Par  le  puWic  à  la  Ifagistralurc  Mandons  &c  fait  et  dtinnc  En  L'au- 
dience le  Jeudy  scîïùcmc  aoust  mil  sept  cent  quatre  vingts  Et  un. 

Janis 
{Endorstd:}    Requête  de  M*  Pierre  Langlois  du  18""'  aoust  1781. 

I  Transiaiion.] 
represent  him  —  ît  is  the  grace  that  the  suppliant  hojws  and  [he  pra)-s] 
that  you  will  grant  him  his  pétition  ;  and  you  will  do  justice  therein. 

P.  Lanqlols. 
At  Kaskaskia,  Augu.';!  t6,  1781. 

The  [K'tition,  above  and  on.  the  other  side,  has  been  examined  by 
the  Court,  which  has  refused  the  plaintiS,  since  t1ie  [lublic  electa  to  the 
magistraLy.  We  order,  etc.  Done  and  given  at  tlie  scs-sion,  Ttiurs- 
day,  August  16,  17S1. 

Jahis 
\Ettdorsed:]    Petition  of  ^f.  Pierre  Langlois  of  August  lâ,  1781. 


Richard  Winston  to  Jacques  Lasoltrcc,  August  17, 1781 

[K.  MSS.— A.  US.] 

17™=  Aousl  1781 
MoNSlEOR, 

Je  vien  dc  recevoir  un  plaint  par  le  Sieur  Labuxiere  fils  contre 
Monsieur  Carbonncaux  qui  ne  veut  pas  lui  remetre  la  Commission  que 
je  lui  a  donner;  lui  authorisiî  dc  setablir  un  Notaire  dans  ce  District 
&ca  laquelle  j'ai  Par  Politesse  Envoyé  par  devant  la  Court  pour  lui 

[Translation.] 
Sut: 

I  have  just  received  a  complaint  from  M.  Labuxierc,  junior,  against 
M.  Carbonneaux,  who  is  unwilling  to  return  to  the  former  the  commis- 
sion which  I  haw  Riven  him,  by  which  he  was  authorized  to  establish 
a  notariat  in  this  district  etc.    I  sent  this  commission  out  of  politeness 


358  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

fair  prctcr  le  Serment  d'offirc  je  vous  prie  Monsieur  Hc  vouloir  Bien 
Ordonner  a  Mr  Carlwnncaux  de  lui  remette  In.  dtc  Commission  car  il 
n'a  pas  Etoit  [-w]  Présenta  la  au  Dcjûn  de  le  Dcpc««*.  Je  croî  quil  est 
permis  a  tous  les  hommes  dcînc  leur  Dépositaire  et  quils  Sont  nullement 
Tenmi  a  Depose  Chez  Carbonncau  ehosc  a  eux  apartcnant,  voîcy  le 
deuxième  marque  que  M''  Carbonneaux  nous  donne  de  Cobicn  [«*:) 
il  est  Jaloux  de  la  Capacity  Supérieur  de  Monsieur  Labuxicre 
J'ai  L'honneur  dctre  avec  Consideration 

Monsier  Votre  Très  Humbl  &  Obes.  Serviteur 

Rien.  WivsTOM 
[Addrtssed:]    A  Monsieur  Jacque  Lasourcc,  Près. 

\rr<mslation.] 
to  the  Court  so  that  the  Court  might  have  him  take  the  oath  of  oCGcc.  I 
pray  you,  sir,  to  consent  lo  order  M.  Carbonneaux  to  return  the  said 
commission  to  M.  Labuxiere,  for  it  \vas  not  presented  with  the  design  of 
being  deposited.  I  believe  that  it  is  [wrmillcd  every  man  to  choose  their 
depositary  and  Ihal  they  arc  not  bound  to  deposit  their  belongings 
nitb  Carbonneaux.  This  is  the  second  mark  that  M.  Carbunneaux  has 
given  us  of  how  jealous  he  is  of  the  superior  capacity  of  M.  Labuxiere. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be  mth  consid;ration, 
Sir,  your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

Rich.  V/isstos, 
[Addressed:]  To  M.  Jacques  Lasource,  President. 


Pierre  Lanclois  to  Richard  Wihston,  August  17,  1781. 
[K.  MSS.—  FirM  part  A.  D.  S.,  second  part  D.  S.] 
A  Monsieur  Richard  Winston  Lte  Gouverneur  de  la  Comtee  des 
Illinois  &ca.  &C3  &.ca. 
Monsieur, 

Pierre  Langlois  a  Ibonneur  de  vous  expose  queyant  Represent^  a  la 

[TransialioH.] 

To  M.  Richard  Winston,  Lieutenant -Governor  of  the  County  of  the 
Illinois  etc. 
Sir: 

Pierre  Langlois  has  the  honor  to  make  known  to  you,  that  be  has 


LANGLOIS  TO  WLNSTON,  AUGUST  17,  1781 


359 


Cour  de  le  di&irii:,  que  Le  numbrc  de  magiira  Kcuit  Ovmplct  Comme 
£toit  lorsque  M**  Le  CoUonel  told  [sic]  a  ir^tabJi  La  Court,  Kt  (\nc  Lc 
nombre  Etoit  suûssanl  de  six  pour  menteiiir  La  justice,  N'cyant  auc'uns 
plasce  vacquante,  pour  pouvoir  aubligér  auc'une  [wrsonnc  a  Kntnrr  au 
charge,  et  lorsquil  aura  place  vacante  La  pluralité  des  Suffrage  du  public 
an  décidera.  Cest  pourquoy  le  Suppliant  vous  Supplie  Sy  il  est  a  votre 
pouvoir  de  faire  plus  que  celui  qui  vous  a  Subsitué  a  son  lieu  &  plasce 
vous  En  ordonnerai  ce  que  de  Raisons  leva. 

£t  vous  Supplie  monsieur  de  men  bonnorer  d'une  Refionsc  afin  que 
je  puisce  prouver  que  je  ne  fui  point  de  men  Soumetre  au  lois  qui  nous 
gouverne  et  temoignié  le  zcl  dont  je  Suis  prêtre  a  Servir  Lc  public  lorsque 
Sacera  [sic]  Celong  la  loix  Et  le  Suppliant  espérant  que  vous  i  fesce 
droit. 

Au  Kaakakia  ce  17*  aoust  1781.  P"  LangijOJS. 

Vue  la  Request  in  Lautrc  part  et  ayent  ducmcnc  Examind  le  contenue 
Rcnvoyon  le  suplicnt  pardcvcnt  la  Court  a  qui  Ccullc  [sic]  je  Donnerai 
de  preve  de  mon  [louvoir  ainsi  que  de  prevc  que  je  nai  Jamais  Prétendue 


[Trans!alion.\ 
represented  to  the  Court  nf  the  District  that  the  number  of  magistrates 
was  complete  as  it  was  when  Colonel  Todd  established  the  Court,  and 
that  the  number  of  six  was  sufTicient  to  maintain  ju5tice,  and  that  there 
was  no  vacant  place  so  that  any  person  could  be  obliged  to  enter  into 
office  ;  and  also  that,  when  there  should  be  a  vacant  place,  the  plurality 
of  public  votes  should  decide  thereon.  This  is  the  reason  that  the  sup- 
pliant petitions  you  to  ask,  if  it  is  in  your  power  to  do  more  than  he 
who  substituted  you  in  his  place  and  stead.  You  will  ordL-r  concerning 
it  what  reason  demands. 

And  I  urge  you,  sir,  to  honor  me  with  an  answer  concerning  it  so  that 
I  can  prove  that  I  do  not  flee  from  submission  to  the  taws  which  govern 
us,  and  that  I  maygive  witness  of  the  zeal  with  which  I  am  ready  to  serve 
the  public  when  it  shall  be  according  to  the  law;  and  the  suppliant  hopes 
that  you  will  do  Justice  therein. 

At  Kaskaskia,  .August  17,  1781.  Pikhke  Lanclois. 

Having  seen  the  {wtition  on  the  other  side  and  having  duly  examined 
the  contents,  we  send  the  suppliant  before  the  Court,  to  whom  alone  I 
will  give  proof  of  my  power  as  well  as  proof  that  I  have  never  [>retcudcd 


î6o  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

de  agîre  contre  le  Code  de  loix.  le  present  (Comme  Etcnt  a  moi» 
addresse)  Pouroit  Servir  a  acumuler  et  augmenter  le  Greffe. 

au  Kaslta^kios  ji*^  Aoust  1781.  Rjcu.  Winston 

{Translathn,] 
to  act  against  the  code  o(  laws.    The  present  (as  being  addressed  to  nic) 
can  serve  for  hoarding  in  and  augintnting  the  record-office. 

Kaakaslûa,  August  31,  1781.  Richahd  Winston. 


PLACARt>  CONCEKNING   OmtX    OF  NOTAHY    BY   RlCBAHO    WtNSTON, 

August  30,  17S1 
[K.  MSS.—  Attested  Copy,  | 

Nous  Richard  WÎDSIon  Lieutenant  de  Comté  faisant  fonctions  de 
Gouverneur  Civil  en  toute  la  Cumlé  des  Ilînois  et  ses  dépendances. 

L'Etat  de  vir^nie  n'ayant  Rico  tant  a  coeur  que  de  Faciliter  tous  Ses 
Sujets  et  Surtout  les  Hmigrans  dans  une  Entière  tilurt*!;  d'acquérir  et  de 
posséder  ce  qui  leur  est  le  plus  avantageu-x  pour  leur  l'KtahlIssemenlaûn 
de  devenir  util  a  l'Etat  El  a  la  Société  £n  Se  )}rocurant  les  ressource  de  la 
vie,  cl  que  tous  les  colons  jouissent  d'une  jiarfaitc;  Et  Eniit-rc  liberté  de 
Confiance  dans  leurs  Convenliuns  et  k'S  neccssain^.s  au  rcpiis  et  a  la  Iran- 
quilité  des  Citoyens  Et  Eni|)eclier  de  tout  notre  pouvoir  Suivant  Unlen- 
tion  de  l'Etal  un  cunimcnct-mcntde  despotisme  qui  partjit  couloir  s'intro- 
duire dans  cette  Comié  En  gemani  [wV]  Ki  captivant  d'une  authorilé 

ITranstalion .] 

We,  Richanl  Winston,  (^ounly  Lieutenant  and  acting  Civil  Governor 
in  ail  the  C^mniy  tjf  the  lllinuis  and  its  Dependences. 

The  State  of  Virginia  holds  nnthiiiy  so  dear  as  granting  facility  to  all 
her  subjects  and  c-S|n,H-i:i.lly  the  immigrants  lo  acquire  and  possess  in  full 
liberty  whatever  is  the  most  advantageous  for  their  establishment,  so 
that  they  may  become  useful  to  the  state  and  society  by  procuring  the 
means  of  live Hhixid,  [She  desires  also]  that  all  the  colonists  enjoy,  with 
a  perfect  and  entire  liberty,  confidence  in  their  contracts  and  tlie  necessi- 
ties for  the  repose  and  iranquîUît;'  of  citizens.  [We  also  wish]  to  prevent 
with  all  our  power,  according  lo  the  intention  nf  the  state,  a  beginning  of 
despotism,  which,  as  appears,  it  is  desired  to  introduce  into  this  country 
by  constraining  and  holding  captive,  with  an  absolute  authority  and  in 


PLACARD  BY  WINSTFON,  AUGUST  30,  1781 


361 


absolue  au  mcpris  des  loix  de  l'état,  les  particuliers  qui  Sont  dans  le  Cas 
de  Contracter,  les  obligeant  de  metre  leur  Confiance  En  une  Seule  per- 
sonne a  la  quelle  ils  Sont  forons  davair  recour  par  le  deffaud  d'un  deux 
notaire  a  la  nomination  duquel  le  Sr  Jacques  laSource  ci  devant  prési- 
dant de  la  Cour  de  ce  district  Sans  Examiner  les  pretentions  que  tous  les 
Citoyens  ont  a  la  liberté  Et  sans  aucunes  raisons  S'est  oposé  En  faisant 
Retenir  dans  Son  greffe  contre  la  confiance  publique  Et  les  droits  de  la 
Liberté,  la  commission  de  Notaire  que  nous  avons  ci  devant  donné  au  S"" 
Joseph  antoinc  Labuxiere  fils  qui  la  lui  avoit  prescnttfe  En  pleine  Cour  et 
assemblée  de  magistrats  liiudiencc  tenante  le  16  de  ce  mois  laquelle  com- 
mission led'  Jacques  laSource  présidant  a  refusé  de  faire  rendre  aud^ 
s'  Labuxiere  fils  par  wn  greffier  et  son  notaire  telle  requisition  que  nous 
lui  en  ayons  fait  vcrballement  Et  p^ir  Ecrit,  laquelle  commission,  Eman- 
ant de  nous  par  le  p<im'oir  (luî  nctus  en  a  élé  transmit  par  l'Etat  de 
Virginie  Et  qut  le  S' Joseph  antuine  labuxicrc  fils  lui  a\'oit  présenté  la  cnur 
lenanle  pour  faire  Sun  Sermant  dufllict*  ayant  ci  devant  prête  celui  de 
fidélité  et  ayant  nous  même  par  une  pure  dcfcn-'nce  [Kiur  la  cour 
renvoyé  a  elle  le  Scnncnt  dofice,  que  nous  sommes  en  droit  de  Recevoir 

[Transiafion.] 
contempt  of  slate  law,  individuals  who  are  about  to  enter  into  contract 
by  obliging  them  to  ])lacc  their  confidence  in  a  single  |>erson  to  whom  they 
are  com|>clIed  to  have  recourse  for  lack  of  two  notaries.  Mr  Jacques 
Lasource,  heretofore  president  of  the  Court  of  this  district,  without 
examining  the  pretentions  that  all  citizens  have  to  liberty  and  without 
any  reason,  has  opposed  the  nomination  [of  a  second  notary]  by  causing 
in  be  retained  in  his  clerk's  oQkc,  against  public  trust  and  the  rights  of 
liberty,  the  notary's  commisejon  which  we  bare  heretofore  given  to  M. 
Joseph  Antoine  Labuxiere  Jr.,  who  had  presented  it  to  him  in  full  court 
and  assembly  of  magistrates  during  the  session  of  the  sixteenth  of  this 
month.'  The  said  Jacques  Lasource,  pre:^dent,  lias  refused  to  ha\*e  re- 
turned by  his  clerk  and  notary  this  commission  to  the  said  M.  Labuxiere 
Jr.,  in  spite  of  the  a'quisition  which  we  have  made  upon  hira  I;(iih  ver- 
bally and  by  writing.  This  commission  emanated  from  us  by  the  po^s-cr 
which  has  been  transmitted  to  us  by  the  Slate  of  Virginia;  and  M.  Joseph 
Amiiinc  I^abuxiere  Jr.  had  presented  it  to  the  Court,  while  in  session,  in 
order  to  take  the  oath  of  ofËce,  having  already  taken  that  of  fidelity. 


«fis 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Comme  une  pareille  drtcnlion  de  pieces  est  une  dupliduf  alrocc,  qui 
Ole  la  confiance  des  ciioyciis  En  retenant  Et  Sequeslrant  les  papiers  que 
Ion  présente  a  la  cour  Sous  la  Bonne  foy  publique  ainsi  qml  a  Eté  fait  de 
h  commission  dud'  S*  Joseph  antoine  Labuxiere  ce  qui  est  une  înova- 
tinn  manifeste  a  la  liberté  et  au  règlement  du  conseil  d'Etat  de  v-îrginie 
qui  dcffcnd  cxprcsseracnt  a  tous  juges  de  Saroger  un  pouvoir  Supreme  et 
despotique  En  Sa  par.  les  fondement  de  la  Ubcrt<î  publique,  c'est  pour 
empêcher  les  funestes  effets  qu'une  pareille  authorit*?  qui  derive  d'un 
despotism  inhumain  pouroit  Causer  dans  les  familles  En  leur  Ola  [JUS. 
lorn]  le  choix  de  la  liberté  et  de  la  Sûreté  publique  que  nous  avons  pris  le 
Sage  parti  de  faire  tous  nos  efforts  pour  Ecarter  et  anéantir  tout  ce  qui 
est  contraire  a  la  liberté  du  peuple.  En  Nommant  un  segond  Notaire 
public  pour  la  facilité  des  citoyens,  et  cormoissant  la  conduite  irréproch- 
able dud*  sr.  Joseph  antoine  Labuxiere  fils  Son  zèle  et  affection  pour  se 
rendre  util  a  l'Etat  et  au  Service  du  public  et  Sa  capacité  nous  lui  avens 
permis  et  pcrmetons  au  Nom  de  l'état  de  virjçînie  d'Etablir  uo  noian'a  En 
cette  ville  des  CasKaKias,  pour  en  qualité  de  Notaire  public  en  toute  la 

[Translation.] 
[Hc  did  this]  because  we  ourselves,  out  of  simple  deference  to  the  Court, 
sent  to  it  the  oath  of  office,  which  we  have  a  right  to  receive. 

Since  such  a  detention  of  documents  is  an  atrocious  act  of  duplicity; 
for  it  robs  the  people  of  coofidcncc,  when  papers,  wliich  arc  presented  to 
the  Court  in  good  public  faith  as  was  the  case  with  the  commission  of  the 
said  M.  Joseph  Antoine  Labuxiere,  are  retained  and  sequestered,  and 
since  it  is  a  manifest  tanovation  on  liberty  and  the  regulation  of  the 
council  of  state  of  Virginia  which  expressly  forbids  ail  judges  to  arrogate 
to  themselres  a  supreme  and  desi)oUc  i>owcr,  [and  since  such  action 
undermines]  the  fotuidations  of  public  liberty;  it  is  tu  prevent  the  sad 
consequences  that  such  an  authority,  derived  from  an  inhuman  despot- 
ism, might  catKC  in  families  by  (taking  ?]fr<)m  Ihem  free  choice  and  public 
surety,  that  we  have  chosen  the  wise  part  of  using  all  our  efforts  to  divert 
and  bring  to  naught  all  that  is  contrary  to  the  lilwrty  of  ihe  people,  by 
naming  a  second  notary  public  for  the  facility  of  the  citizens.  And  since 
wc  know  the  irreproachable  conduct  of  the  said  M.  Joseph  Antoine  La- 
buxiere Jr.,  and  [recognize]  his  zeal,  his  capacity,  and  his  desire  to  render 
himself  useful  to  the  state  and  the  public  service,  we  have  permitted  and 
do  permit  him,  in  the  name  of  the  State  of  Virginia,  to  establish  a  notariat 


L 


PLAC\RD  BY  WINSTON,  AUGUST  30,  1781 


263 


comté  (les  ïlinoîs  passer  et  recevoir  tous  cotitracls,  civil,  actes  invantaircs 
partages,  vx-nles,  volontaires  Et  généralement  tout  ce  qui  est  de  la  Com- 
petance  d'un  Notaire  Et  dont  il  sera  requis  par  les  public  afin  que  tout  tes 
]}euple  Joiiîssc  d'une  entière  Et  pure  liberté  de  metre  Sa  confiance  en 
tel  notaia-  public  quil  jugera  a  propos  et  quil  Soit  Entièrement  libre  Et 
dégagé  de  toute  contrainte  pour  le  Secret  des  familles  Et  de  leur  Tran- 
quilîté.  En  concequance  nous  authorisons  de  ce  jour  led"-  S'  Joseph 
antoine  Labuxiere  fils  dexcrcer  ladite  Charge  sans  troubles  nî  empeclie- 
mens  Et  Sans  quil  Soit  Besoin  de  plus  ample  reception,  prions  le  public 
d'ajouter  foy  Et  confiance  En  Ses  artcs  En  se  conformant  aux  anciens 
usages  des  notaires,  déclarons  avoir  Reçu  le  Scrmant  dolïice  dud^^  S"" 
Labuxiere  fils  Et  afin  que  le  public  ne  lignore  Et  quil  Soit  libre  de  Choisir 
tel  notaire  qu'il  voudra  pour  la  Massation  |  ?]  de  ses  actes  nous  avons 
fait  publier  et  aficher  la  présente  commission  au  Nom  de  l'état  et  îcellc 
Scellée  Et  signée  de  notre  main  aux  Casltaskia  le  30  aoust  17^1. 
Pour  copie  afichée  et  publiée  Signé  a  loriginal  Winston. 

[Translation] 
in  this  village  of  Kaskaakia,  so  that,  in  the  quality  of  public  notary,  he 
can.  draw  up  and  receive,  throughout  the  whole  County  of  the  Illinois,  all 
contracts,  civil  acts,  inventories,  divisions  of  estate,  voluntary  sales,  and, 
in  general,  do  evcrj-lhing  that  is  within  the  power  of  a  notary  and  for 
which  he  shall  be  required  by  the  public,  in  order  that  all  people  may 
enjoy  with  an  entire  and  pure  Ultcrly,  [the  right]  of  placing  their  confi- 
dence in  such  public  notary  as  they  please,  and  that  he  l>e  entirely  free 
and  clear  from  all  constraints  (for  serving]  the  private  affairs  of  families 
and  (preserving]  their  tranquillity.  Consequently  we  authorize  the 
said  M.  Joseph  Antoine  Labuxiere  Jr.  to  exercise  from  this  day  forth  the 
said  functions  without  let  or  hindrance  and  without  the  necessity  of  more 
ample  installation;  and  we  pray  the  public  to  place  faith  and  confidence 
in  his  instruments,  when  he  conforms  to  the  ancient  usages  of  notaries. 
We  decUire  that  we  have  received  the  oath  of  office  from  the  said  M. 
Labuxiere  Jr.  and  in  order  that  the  public  may  not  be  ignorant  and  may 
l>e  free  to  (;h<K)sc  such  notary,  as  it  shall  wish,  for  the  drafting  of  its  in- 
struments, we  have  caused  the  present  commission  to  Ije  published  and 
posted  in  the  name  of  the  state  and  have  sealed  and  signed  the  same 
with  our  hand.     At  KaskaskJa,  August  30,  1781. 

(Signed  on  the  original)  Winston. 
Copy  to  be  poste<]  and  published. 


2*S4 


ILLINOIS  raSTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS 


Cette  present  affiche  ayant  âx6  apporta  au  Greffe  par  les  s"  antoine 
Bauvais  et  Michel  Godin  lesquels  ont  dit  lavoir  trouvé  par  terre  et  que 
les  chiens  la  dechiroit  pour  Manger  le  paie  qui  Etott  au  coins  qu'une 
partie  du  peuple  etoit  present  qui  En  ont  demandé  Lecture  Laquelle  leur 
a  6l6  fait  par  le  GrefEer  Soussigné  dont  les  s'  Jacques  Lasource  a  requis 
que  la  présente  Reste  au  Greffe  Four  sa  justification  jusqu'à  ce  qu'il  y  ait 
de  la  justice  Etabli  lequel  a  signé  avec  nous  Greffier  soussigné  le  premier 
jour  septembre  a  huit  heure  du  matin  mil  sept  Cent  quatre  vingt  et  un 
témoins  PFcseots 

pRjf  Langlois  Jaojuks  Lasoukce 

Bakotel  Caksonneaux  Greffier 

[Endorsed:]    affiché  posée  a  la  porte  de  LEglîse  par  le  sr.  Winsttm  eu 
fareur  du  sr.  Labuxiere  tils  du  ^i'"*'  aoust  1781 

[  Translafion.] 

This  present  placard  has  been  brought  to  the  clerk's  office  by  MM. 
Antoine  Bauvais  and  Michel  Godin  who  said  that  they  have  found  it  on 
the  ground  and  that  the  dogs  were  tearing  it  in  order  to  eat  the  bread, 
which  was  in  the  comer;'  and  [they  further  said]  ihat  some  people  were 
present  who  demanded  the  reading  of  it,  which  was  made  by  the  under- 
signed clerk,  from  whom  M.  Jaques  Lasource  has  required  that  the 
present  placard  remain  at  the  office  for  his  justiâcation,  until  there  shall 
be  justice  concerning  it;  and  he  has  signed  with  us  the  undersigned 
clerk,  September  1,  1781,  at  eight  A.  M. 

Witnesses  present 

PxERBE  Langlois  Jaqites  Lasoubce 

Barutel  Cahbonnealtc,  Clerk 

[Endorsed:]    Placard  posted  on  the  door  of  the  church  by  M.  Winston 
in  favor  of  M.  Labuiiere  Jr.,  August  31,  1781. 

■  This  la  ibr  mnninB  at  the  Fnncb;  but  why  bn«H  knd  the  plu*nl  •faoal'l  be  hrouiiht  Into 
Hattan  h  am  citw.    The  axatr  may  l>«  ■  lotnvr  of  the  church  building  imitad  of  a  pan  ot  the 


LASOURCE  TO  MAGISTRATES.  SEPTEMBER  i.  1781      265 


jACgUES  LASOURCE  to  THE  MAGISTRATES  OF  THE  COUHT  AT  KaSEASKIA, 
September  I,  1781. 
fK.  MSS.—  A.  L.  S.] 

A  la  Respectable  Cour  du  District  des  tCusKasKlas  &c  &c  &c 
Messieurs, 

Jacques  LaSourcc  ayant  (^devant  En  sa  qualitd  ^e  president  de 
cette  cour  arreu!  la  requête  du  Sr.  anloine  labuxiere  fils  tendante  a  ce 
qu'il  plut  a  laditte  cour  recevoir  son  serment  pour  Être  ?'xamin(5  tant  pour 
sa  capacitd  que  pour  son  age  suivant  L'ordonnance  de  Laditte  cour; 
ne  pouvant  Cire  Commissioné  sans  avoir  le  suffrage  publique  Le  sr. 
Richard  Winston  ayant  Ecrit  au  soussîgni?  de  faire  remettre  audit  S' 
Labuxiere  fils  sa  requJ>te  ce  que  I^dit  siiussïgnt!  n'a  voulu  faire  pas 
Qu'a  ce  que  Ledit  s''  Winston  lui  ait  appointe  les  puuvnirs  Kn  pleines 
cour  Pour  y  être  Examiné  siis  sont  conformé  a  la  loix  de  la  Virginie  qui 
dit  que  toutes  charges  publiques  doit  Hrc  donné  par  les  suffrages  du 
peubles  Et  qu'ayant  pxssé  ce  Jimrd'huy  devant  I-eglise  de  ce  lieu  y  ayant 
appercu  un  affiche  qui  decaractcrissc  le  soussigné  C'est  pour  ce  Con- 
sidérés Messieurs  Qu'il  vous  plaise  «rtbnncr  que  l'affiche  Qui  es(  a  la 

[Translation.] 

To  the  Honorable  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  etc. 

Gentlemkn: 

Jacques  Lasourcc  wbhes  to  infnrm  you  that,  as  president  of  this 
Court,  he  sometime  ago  stayed  Ihc  [x^tition  of  M.  Anloine  I.abuxiere 
Jr.,  in  which  he  prayed  thai  the  said  Cuurt  might  sec  fit  to  receive  bis 
oath  in  order  that  he  might  be  examined  not  only  as  to  his  capacity  but 
also  as  to  his  age,  in  accordance  with  the  ordinance  nf  the  Court,  since 
a  commissinn  canndt  lie  issued  without  holding  a  public  election;  and 
that  M.  Richard  Winston  wrote  to  the  undersigned  to  have  him  return 
the  petition  to  the  said  M.  Labuxlerr  Jr.,  which  the  undersigned  refused 
to  do  unless  the  said  M.  Win.s[on  should  refer  the  commi-wion  to  a  full 
court  for  examination  as  to  whether  it  conformed  to  the  taw  of  \'irgLiua, 
which  says  that  all  public  offices  must  he  given  by  the  votes  of  the 
people;  and  [he  wishes  to  inform  you  furilier]  that  he  passed  today 
before  the  church  of  this  place  and  perceived  thereon  a  public  notice 
which  defamed  the  undersigned.  In  considérai  inn  of  this,  gentlemen, 
may  it  please  you  t<»  order  that  the  public  notice,  which  is  on  the  dow 


9«6  nXINOTS  HISTORICAL  COIXECTIOMS 

parte  de  LEglisc  soit  apporta  a  ta  cour  et  Irvi^,  que  le  s'  Winston  sait 
Condamné  a  apporter  ses  poin-oirs  a  la  ditte  cour  comme  Knticîpant 
sur  les  droits  du  peuples  et  voulant  y  Introduire  le  dl'îpotî.tmc  et  voulant 
frustcr  les  anciennes  coutume  et  aller  contre  le  droits  du  peuples  tel 
comme  il  lui  a  Ecri  Et  que  le  serment  qu'il  a  reçu  du  sr.  Labuxiere  fils 
soit  dcclarfî  nul  et  n'ayc  aucune  validiti*  Et  que  la  surdïttc  cour  ayc  a 
afficha  que  les  actes  que  rccevcra  le  dît  sr.  Labuïîcrc  fils  ne  seront 
d'aucune  validité  comme  n'ayant  pas  l'agc  requis  chose  contraire  aux 
loix  et  de  faire  paroilrc  Ledit  S""  Labuxierc  fils  yiour  lui  dccJarcr  que  son 
serment  aînsy  que  sa  commission  est  illicite  Et  sa  [sans  ?]  validité  par- 
cequc  le  lieutenant  de  Comté  n'a  aucun  serment  a  recevoir  que  celuy 
de  cytoycn  et  fidélité  et  non  celui  d'o8îcc  et  hors  de  pouvoir  de  Donner 
aucun  ordre  et  ferés  bien  aux  KosKasKias  le  I"  7**"  1781. 

JACQUES  LASOiniCB. 

[Translation.] 
of  the  church,  be  brought  to  the  Court  and  that  there  be  delivered  tt> 
M.  Winston  a  decree  that  he  is  condemned  to  bring  his  commission  to 
the  said  Court  because  he  is  encroaching  on  the  rights  of  the  people, 
wishes  to  introduce  despotism  into  the  country,  to  bring  to  naught  the 
ancient  customs,  and  to  go  against  the  rights  of  the  people  as  is  seen  in 
ihc  notice  to  the  undersigned;  and  may  it  please  you  to  decree  that  the 
oath  which  M.  Winston  received  from  M.  Lahuxicrc  Jr.  be  declared 
null  and  void,  and  that  the  said  Court  is  to  post  a  notice  that  the  acts 
which  the  said  M.  Labuxierc  Jr.  shall  receive  shall  not  be  valid,  since 
he  is  not  of  the  age  '  required,  (and  to  appoint  him  would  be]  contrary 
to  law;  and  also  may  it  plca-sc  you  to  summon  the  said  M.  Labuxierc  Jr. 
in  order  that  you  may  declare  to  him  that  both  his  oath  and  his  com- 
mission arc  illegal  and  without  validity,  liccausc  the  lieutenant  of  the 
county  ha.s  no  right  to  rccci\'c  any  oath  except  that  of  citizenship  and 
allegiance,  and  cannot  receive  that  of  office,  and  he  is  powerless  to  give 
any  order;  and  you  shall  do  justice.     Kaskaskia,  September  i  178a. 

jArgnp-.*!  LASouacE. 

■  OriKioall/  irritleD  "  ctpidi'  ni  ace,"  hut  chanxcd  m>  «a  Is  nwi  m  *lbmc. 


WlXSTO.N  TO  LASOURCE,  SEPTEMBER  i,  1781 


267 


Richard  Winston  to  Jacques  LaÎîoubce,  September  1,  1781. 

[K.  MSS.— A.  L.  S-i 
Monsieur, 

pour  y  re[H)ndre  a  votre  lettre  du  19"^*  du  dcmiur  par  laquelle  vous 
me  dite  que  je  ay  pour  agréable  daportcr  a  la  Court  Prixliain  les  pouvoir 
dont  je  suis  revêtu  pour  quil  Soient  Examind  Si  je  puis  alcr  contre  la 
Code  de  Loix.  Je  veux  Bien  vous  Prévenir  (^uc  je  ne  depend  point  en 
cela  de  votre  Jurisdiction  et  que  sy  je  fait  des  fauts  cest  a  l'etal  qui 
m'ont  nommé  a  qui  je  en  doit  rendre  Compte  et  non  a  vous 

Quant  a  mes  pouvoirs  je  veut  Encore  vous  Donner  Satisfaction, 
TOUS  pouTCz  vous  Transporté  Chez  moi  pour  les  Examiner  ou  quelque 
député  de  votre  Cours.  Etant  Choses  sacrés  qui  ne  Sortirent  Jamais 
de  Chez  moi  que  par  L'ordre  de  ceux  qui  me  tes  ont  Confié 

A  lcg;ird  du  Sieur  Labuxïcre  fils  je  croi  quil  Ignore  et  quil  doit  Ignoré 
ce  que  vous  lui  demandé  q'ayens  Jamais  Kntenilu  parler  ni  Scu  ce  que 
vous  Ordonne  J'ai  Lhonocur  Délrc  avec  Consideration 

Monsieur  Votre  ^rviteur 
Mr  Lasource  Rich.  Winston 

[Addressed:]  Monsieur  Jacque  Lasource 

[Trarulatùm] 

Sn: 

In  aaswer  to  ywur  letter  of  the  nineteenth  of  last  month,  by  which 
you  tell  me  that  1  should  consent  to  bring  to  the  next  Court  the  com- 
mission with  which  I  am  invested,  in  order  that  it  may  be  examined  to 
see  if  I  can  act  contrary  to  the  code  of  laws,  I  wish  to  inform  you  that 
I  am  not  de[>endent  in  this  on  your  jurisdiction  and  that,  if  I  commit 
faults,  I  must  render  an  account  to  the  state  which  appointed  mc  and 
not  to  you. 

As  to  my  powers,  t  am  still  willing  to  give  you  satisfaction.  You, 
or  some  deputy  of  your  Court,  can  come  to  my  house  to  examine  the 
papers,  since  they  are  sacred  things  which  should  not  l>c  taken  from  my 
house  cxcq^t  by  the  order  of  those  who  confided  ihcm  to  me. 

-  Id  regard  to  M.  Labuxierc,  jr.,  I  believe  that  he  Es  ignorant  of  and 
should  Ixr  ignorant  of  what  you  demand  of  him,  since  he  has  never 
heard  «f  or  knou-n  what  you  order.  I  have  the  honi^r  to  Ix  with  con- 
sideration Sir,  your  servant. 

M.  Lasoorcf.  Rich.  Winston. 

[Addressed:]   M.  Jacques  Lasource. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECrlONS 
Wakbaxt  fOR  ELKcnoM,  September  lo,  1781 

[K.MSS.— A.  D.  S.] 

MONSIEUK, 

La  Cuur  »U|iplii:  dc  vouloir  donner  vos  ordres  aux  Cap"**  de  milice 

pour  faire  assembler  les  babilans  de  cette  ville  demain  a  L'îssuë  de  la 

messe  {jour  procéder  a  une  nouvelle  election  des  nouveaux  magistrats 

pour  remplacer  ceux  qui  ont  servi  Kn  cette  qualiit;  deux  ans  et  |)lus  ainsi 

que  ceux  qui  ont  donné  leur  demission  et  feres  Bicu 

Ka-skaskias  le  1781  Janis 

Par  vertu  dc  la  [iresente  Requisition  nous  avons  ordonne  cl  ordonnons 

aux  Capitaines  de  milice  En  Consequance.      Kaskaskias  lo"'^;^"  1781 

Rien  Winston 

[Etulorsed:]  1781  Requête  de  M""  Janis  du  7""  j**"  1781  No  94 


Sk: 


\Traiislaiion.'\ 


The  Court  petitions  you  to  gi\-e  your  orders  to  the  captains  of  militia 
to  cause  the  inhabitants  of  this  village  to  assemble  totoorrow  at  the 
dose  of  mass  to  proceed  to  a  new  election  of  new  magistrates  to  replace 
those  who  have  ser\'ed  in  this  capacity  two  years'  and  more  as  well  as 
those  who  bave  given  their  resignation  ;  and  you  will  do  right. 

J  AMIS. 

Kaskaskia,  the  \no  month  and  liay]  1781. 

By  virtue  of  llie  present  requisition  we  have  ordered  and  do  order 
the  captains  of  militia  as  a  consequence  thcreof.  Kaskaskia,  September 
10,  1781.  Rich.  Winston. 

[Endorsed:]  1781,  Petition  of  M.  Janis  of  .September  7,  17S1,  No.  94.' 

(The  dcctiomln  CukuUi  ^wTf  brid  vvty  irrrgiilarl]r  iaiirador  rearJr  u  in  Caholda.  Tfase 
had  Imo  an  (Itction  of  tira  mwauota  in  the  [scviuui  JliIv  {ouït,  p.  107)  ln>[  no  ccatral  decùoo 
hati  bfn  lirid  lince  (ho  S(»i  on*  in  1175  Tlw  prapit  «I  Ptatric  du  Kvdicr  h«Jd  t&*  «i^nioa  IhM 
■be  itaa  ol  office  wiu  Uitm  yoan.     Sa  futf.  p.  i^t, 

«  '111»  wrllinK  ol  th»  nuuiiiwripl  i»  »tty  much  liwlnl,  ud  ÙM  data  'wJlwa  by  TVIniToo  la  mrtlcu- 
Ufiy  dilElcult  to  nai'l.  I  rmd  il.  nt  liist,  Scgimubcr  i;,  hut  chk  it  nM  in  «oxird  «lih  djic  □(  thr  dec. 
liooof  17S1.  Tbe  year  miftbi  be  i;9i.«tikh  muldnia^  111* ibu «f  Ihb  docuMRQI  ttt^umin*  that 
ol  the  dettim  ol  that  ytnr.  The  dale  (rf  Ibr  cndoncinait  b  hErl*  dnr,  hoircTiT,  «nd  the  jtat  u 
■InmtCFnainly  i;«t,  Bnldct  In  17S1  lutawtanma  Ivdnud  lB4rt««t«iiointffttnniUitlbkd 
had  udr  olLcc  "  tvu  ycus  m  marc."    ThatSan  tb«  dale  iû  the  le»  h  undaubiEiUr  the  cmro  «d». 


^^^V                        AN  ELECTION,  SEFrii:Mfi£R  to.  1781                  afip               1 
^H                                    ELEcnoN,  Septeubek  10, 178t.                                         H 

^H                                                                     [K.  MS5.—  D.  S.]                                                                     ^^M 

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370 


IIXINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


aujourd'buy  Dixième  Jour  du  mois  de  Scplcmbrc  mil  sept  cent  quatre 
vingts  et  un  Le  public  assemblé  a  nommé  pour  Magistrats  du  District 
des  Kiiskaskiïs  le  S''  Jean  ba]>tiste  charleville  pour  president  de  la 
Court  dudit  District  des  Dits  KasKasKIas  Kt  les  ïi'*  anloinc  Mtmn, 
Pierre  Longluis  vital  Bcauvaïs  et  Pierre  Pii:ard  pour  Magistrats  qui 
ont  pretté  Le  Serment  de  ûdelité  Et  dufliee  En  cetie  (jualilé  a  la  repub- 
lique de  La  virginîe  les  quels  sont  a  Linstani  comparu  et  ont  signf 
lesdits  Jour  et  an  susdits. 

A  Mown  \'itale  Balwais   Jean  baptiste  oau\'ais  picard 
[Endoned:]  Leiesions  de  magistrats  de  lan  1781.    No  3,  1781  Piece 


[  Translalùm.] 

Today  the  tenth  day  of  the  month  of  September,  1781,  the  public 
assembly  has  named  as  magistrales  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  M. 
Jean  Baptiste  CharleviUe  '  for  prwidcnt  of  the  Court  of  the  said  Dt»- 
trict  of  said  Kaskaskia  and  M  M.  Anttiine  Morin,  Pierre  Lan^ois, 
Vital  Bauvais,  and  Pierre  Picard  for  magistrates;  and  they  have  taken 
the  oath  of  fidelity  and  of  office  in  this  quality  to  the  Republic  of  Vir- 
ginia; and  they  now  appear  and  have  signed  the  above  said  day  and  year. 

A.  MOHiN,   Vital  Bauvaîs,    Jean  Baptiste  Bacivaïs,   Picard. 

■  TbenmcneiinfûuJijrwrilteawa*  Pfcm LuikIou hut  I<  wat  rra«il  and  thtloICIurtcnillIrtutalt- 
Wled.  Tba  dtcUon  ci  J nu  Bûkktc  Cliarlerillc  «nd  Anlnine  Bauns  had  ukoa  pImf  in  (hr  ptrvioua 
JulT.lor  IhcnbAicoïraofChcutokîiulheaatli  nf  nfficr.  lAnk.v.  ta?.)  Oa  lEbdidioaalnMai»- 
tasw  M  iU.  SM.  CrtfMMw,  U,  p.  CtiL 


^^^H                           AN  ELECTION,  FEBRUARY  lo,  1763                     371               1 

^                                        Election,  February  10,  178».                                             H 
^H                                                       [K.  MSS.—  A.  L.  5.]                                                           H 
^^B                  Election  du  io«»<'  Février  1782  Pour  Leleclion  du  Magistrats                        H 

H 

tjyiiii  iDtiyH  [}\ 

CorsPl 

uï<  Buym  |^| 

Vsscur 

^^^1             Mf  Mùria. 

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1 

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ihomu' 

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tttrrt  I.u|f  oit    ....     . 

1 

En  vertu  de  Lelection  du  dix  du  present  mois  Le  S*"  Stanislas  Levas-               ^Ê 
seur  a  paru  a  la  Cour  ce  joiirdhuy  vingt  cinq  du  present  mois  de  fcv-         ^^^| 
rîcr  mil  sept  cent  quatre  vingt  deux  et  a  pretté  le  serment  dufiicc  Et         ^^^| 
de  fidélité  et  a  Entriî  En  charge  ce  dit  Jour  et  a  signé                                          ^M 

.Staniles  Levasseuh               ^^^I 

Antoine  Baitv.ms,  j.  P.            ^^^| 

[Ktuiorsed\\  Nomination  de  M''  Stanislas  Lcvasseur  a  la  Magistrature.               ^| 

99-                                                                    H 

^^L                                                            [Tranalatian]                                                                ^M 
^^M              In  virtue  of  the  election  of  the  tenth  of  the  present  month  M.  Stan-               H 
^^M         isliis  Lcvasseur  has  appeared  at  the  Court  this  day,  the  twcnty-fifih  of               H 
^^1          the  pn-srnt  month  vi  February,  1783,  and  has  taken  the  oath  of  office                H 
^B         and  of  fidelity,  and  has  entered  into  ofBcc,  this  said  day;  and  he  bas              H 
^^Ê        signed.                                                     Stanislas  Levasseur                    H 
^^^^^                                                                Amtoixe  Bauvajs,  J,  P.                 H 

CHAPTER  Vm 

THE  STRUGGLE  FOR  ASCENDENCY  BETWEEN  DODGE.  WINSTON, 
AND  THE  COURT,  APRIL  TO  NOVTLMBER,  178a 

John  Dodge  Akkests  Richaxd  Wcnsion  —  The  Latter  Protests  — 
Labuxiere  ExAinNEâ  Witnesses  —  The  Inhabitants  Make  Some 
Sdgcestions  —  An  Election  at  Prairie  dv  Rocher  —  .\iiesican5 

AT  BeLLEFONTAINE   PETITION  FOR  A  COUKT  —  THE   ELECnOS  —  I>mtR- 
NATIONAL    DlPLOUACY   ON    THE    BaNKS    OF   THE    Ml&ilSSIPPI  —  A  NeW 

Election  at  Kaskasioa  —  Winston  Writes  to  the  New  Macibxrates 
— Carbonneaux  Sells  Out — Records  or  the  Sessions  of  the  Cohbt 

The  Arrest  of  Richard  Winston,  April  39,  17^2' 

[C.  C.  Pji.  XLVIIl..  4.— Copy.] 

Orders  uf  Jobo  Dodge  for  taking  ]}risoncr  tlic  Chief  Justice. 
I.     Dodge's  urder  without  commission.' 

Here  follows  i"  the  order  delivered  by  joUn  Dodge  for  tailing  pris- 
oner the  chief  justice  Lieuteaanl  of  County, 

1"  Sir/  Whereas  Ric".  Winston  is  guilty  of  treason  you  aa-  here- 
by orderd  to  take  a  party  of  men  and  Imng  him  before  mo  to  give  aa 
account  of  his  conduct 

Signed  J**  Dodge  Capt.  Commandant 
To  L^  Israel  Dodge 

KasKasKizLs,  Apr.  39,  J7S3. 

at  it's  back  in  french 
Que  le  present  ordre  reste  au  greffe  des  minutes  KasKaKias  39  av. 
178a. 

French  petition  from  the  M  Winston's  wife.* 
1783. 

2'".  Afterward,  ihe  same  <[ay  among  many  papers  concerning 
that  fiLmuus  affair  i  find  the  following  petition  [>f  M)*.  Winston's  wife 
called  M'arg^  Farqucson 

■  Tlac  ïopla  «nr  tutu  to  the  Contlooiul  Canpcif  as  ndMurci  ol  the  mrmMiiJ  [cjahd 

'TbiiraavkiiwrkEciiaattirnLJEriiiL,  prut»bl]'bvFillKrdelk  VdliDitn.    Sec  lDlro:l«cttaa. 

372 


ARREST  OF  WINSTON,  APRIL  39,  1782 


273 


A  Moos  Aot  Bauvais  {un]  des  juges  a  paix  des  KasKaKias  &c. 
Monsir  je  Marguerite  Farqueson  vous  remontre  que  son  mary 
vient  de  ]ui  être  enlevé  par  Israel  Dodge  accompagné  de  plusieurs  per- 
sonnes, en  consequence  elle  vous  prie  de  faire  assembler  ce  jour,  la  Cour, 
pour  qu'il  lui  plaise  faire  paroitre  devant  elle  toutes  ces  personnes,  pour 
savoir  la  raison  et  vous  ferez  droit. 

Signé  ou  marque  de  M*"*  Fakquieson 
KasKaKias  ce  29  Av.  1783. 

et  plus  bas  que  la  présente  soit  signifiée  a  tous  les  magistrats  pour 
se  trouver  a  une  heure  après  nûdy  pour  y  tenir  seance.    Mandons  &c. 

Signe    .\nt  Bauvais 
{Tmmtatùm.\ 

To  Ant.  Bauvais  one  of  the  justices  of  the  peace  of  KasKaskia  etc. 
Six: 

I,  Marguerite  Farqueson,  represent  to  you  that  my  husband  has 
just  been  arrested  by  Israel  Dodge  accompanied  by  several  persons. 
Consequently  she  (Marguerite  Farqueson)  prays  yuu  to  assemble  the 
Court  this  day  so  that  it  may  please  the  Court  to  summon  before  it  all 
the  persons  in  order  that  it  may  know  the  reason;  and  you  will  do 
justice.  Signed  or  mark  of  Mdk.  Fakqueson 

Kaskaskia  this  April  3g,  1783. 

And  below  [was  written]  that  notice  be  ^ven  to  all  the  magistrates 
to  be  present  at  one  o'clock  P.  M.  to  hold  a  session,  we  command,  etc. 

Antoine  Bauvais. 
[DocunierU  cotUinued.] 
3^.    {iric]     DiMlgc'  order.' 

3".  Whereas  M  Richard  Win-slun  has  bc-cn  guilty  of  treasonable 
expressions  Aguinst  the  State  und  ofTiccr  who  have  the  hon**  of  wearing 
Commission  in  the  Service  of  iheir  Country  damn'^  them  all  and  said 
they  were  all  a  set  of  thieves  and  Rolwrs  and  only  come  to  the  Coun- 
try for  that  purjMisc,  The  alwjve  crime  being  proved  Iwfnrc.  i  now  de- 
liver him  to  you  ijrisoncr  and  request  of  you  lo  Keep  him  in  surety  unlill 
he  may  be  brought  to  justice  KasKusKias  ap.  29.  1782. 

Signed  jh  Dddgk 

Captain  Agent  Com**', 

ooutd  he  say  something  else  on  account  of  Montgtimcry  Roger  and 

Dodge?» 

<  Wrlnn  In  the  minlii. 
*  Writtoi  in  ihr  maific. 


»74 


ILLINOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


And  at  the  back.    Que  la  présente  Declaration  soit  séquestrée  et 
quelle  reste  au  grêSe  KasKasEJas  29.  Av.  1783.    Sign^ 

Ant.  Sauvais 
Eiucgigtré  au  greffe  a  la  page  367.  et  368.  foïo  175.  ce  8.  janv.  1783. 

Sign  P.  Langlois  greffier 
Je  sertiffie  que  Les  present  ordonnances  y  dessus  Est  Conforme 
au  minut  au  KasKasKias.  pays  des  illinois  Ce  3*'  7bre  1787. 

P*  Langlois  greffier 
[TransJaiùm.] 

Antl  on  the  hark  is  written:   that  the  present  declaration  !ic  se- 
questered and  remain  at  the  clerk's  office.     Ka.skaskia,  April  29, 178a. 

(Signed)    Ant.  Bauvals 
Recorded  at  the  clerk's  office  «n  page  267  and  36S,  folio  175,  this 
January  8,  1783.  (Signed)  P  Lanclois,  Clerk. 

I  certify  that  the  present  ortlinanccs,  written  above,  conform  to  the 
minutes.     At  Kaskaskia,  country  of  the  Illinois,  this  September  3, 1787. 

i'^"  Lanclois,  Clerk. 
[Dofuitunt  continued.) 
M.  Winston  has  been  Kept  so  prisoner  by  the  Dodge's  orders  not- 
withstanding the  Civil  court  t6  days.    Afterward  he  went  to  Virginia 
preparing  himself  to  pursue  that  aÊFair  to  the  Congress  but  he  dyed  there. 
{Endorsed:]    Copies  of  certtain  papers  certified  by  P.  Langlois. 


RicuASu  Winston's  Protest  .^cainst  his  Arrest,  April  ag,  1783 

[John  Todd's  Record-Book  Chicago  ilfel.  Soc.—  A.  D.'] 
Kaskaskia  in  the  Illinois  39th  april  1783.  Eighty  and  touce.  This 
day  10  oClock  A  :M  I  was  Taken  out  of  my  house  by  Isreal  Dodge  ott 
an  order  Given  by  Jno.  Dodge  in  despite  of  the  Civil  autlioroty  Dis- 
regardled  the  Laws  and  on  ther  Malitious  acusalion  of  Jhn  Williams 
and  micbel  perault  as  may  ap|%ar  by  their  deposition  I  was  Cooâned 
By  Tyranick  military  force  without  making  any  Legal  aplicatioa  to  the 
Civil  Magistrates.  30th  the  attorney  for  the  State  La  Uuxiere  presented 
a  ]>etition  to  the  Court  against  Richard  Winston  State  prisunner  in  their 
Custody  the  Contents  of  which  he  (llie  atlomt-y  for  the  State)  ought  to 
heave  Communitattd  to  mc  or  my  attorney  if  any  I  had. 

■  Thk  tnui  Bot  «rlllm  bT  WhiMan.  whine  handifrititiji  b  very  «cfl  known  1o  Ihi  rIIkx.  In  Itt. 
if  lit.  Co^ecÉitmi,  ii.,|i.  (it..  I  have  «ufgr^lcd  Wiiuloti'i  «ilc  u  the  wtiln.  lliïs  prulcil  is  prinltd  in 
Chi.  UJM.  Sodcty^  C  DiUdi^mi,  W..  tut,  but  n  itm  eorrealMni  In  ihc  mdicf  u  Dmtc  livxn  £av«  bcco 
made  atlci  a  canful  mminaticn  af  (be  ori(iaiiL 


DODGE  TO  U-VEUXIERE,    APRIL  30,   1783 


375 


JooN  DoixiE  tu  M.  Labuxiere,  April  30, 1783 
[C.  MSS.  iu  Chicago  Hist.  Sodely.— A.  L.  S,] 
A  MoNSiEUB  Labuxzeru  Esq   Trocureur  De  L'etat  aux  Kaskoskias 
Monsieur, 

Comme  Richard  Wimstoa  est  acusé  d'avoir  tenu  des  discours  inju- 
rieux contre  L'état  en  general,  et  tantatoire  à  la  Sûreté  Du  gouvernement  ; 
C'est  pourquoy  vous  Comme  Vous  est  Revêtu  de  L'honable  charge  de 
procureur  de  L'etat  de  La  Virginie,  Pour  Le  department  du  West.  Je 
vous  requier  monsieur  de  prandre  connoissance  de  son  crime  offrant 
D'en  administrer  L*s  pn;u\-es  Reclamant  au  nom  de  L'etat,  et  pour 
La  Sûreté  de  ce  département,  votre  assistance  Dans  cette  affaire;  Vous 
declarant  que  jay  Premièrement  fait  arrette  Le  Sr.  Winston  Prisonnier, 
et  detenu  a  La  garde  de  L'huissié  Barutel,  jusqua  plus  ample  informa- 
tion, et  crainte  de  L'évasion  du  dit  Winston. 

Jay  L'honneur  d'estre  a^-ec  Consideration  Monsieur  Votre  très 
humble  et  obéissant  Serviteur  Jn.  Dodce  Capt. 

Aux  Kaskaskias  Le  30  Avril  1782  Agt.  Com  Military 

[Tramlaitoft.] 
To  M.  Labuxikre,  Esq. 
Attorney  for  the  State, 
At  Kaskaskia. 
Sis: 

As  Richard  Wnston  is  accused  of  having  held  conwrsations  which 
were  injurious  to  the  slate  in  general,  and  menacing  to  the  safety  of  tlic 
government,  that  is  why  I  require  you,  sir,  since  you  are  invested  with 
the  honorable  office  of  state's  attorney  of  Virginia  for  the  department 
of  the  West,  to  take  cognizance  of  his  crime  ;^  and  1  offer  to  fiunish 
proofs  thereof,  and  I  claim  your  assistance  in  tliis  affair  in  the  name  of 
the  slate  and  for  the  safety  of  this  department.  [  f  lu^ther  declare  to  you 
tiial  I  have  already  had  M.  Winston  arrested  as  a  prisoner  and  held 
under  guard  by  the  huisiier,  Barutel,  for  fear  of  his  escape,  until  more 
ample  information  can  be  obtained.  I  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  con- 
sideration, Sir,  your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

John  Dodge.  Capt. 
At  Kaskaskia,  April  30,  1783  Agt.  Com.  Military. 

■  I'lir  lollowint  brirf  iio<c  Innn  the  Urapa  MSS.,  tajf^i  ihould  be  Indurlnl  hrtr:  A  kttit  tram 
Cacc  Joa.  Doàn.  dated  Kirtirtti.  Maica  0.  tjBi,  »[lcr  lueaktna  »!  hi*  LKcoiuais  (iha  Ittut  bdâa 
■'ildnwd  totlif  Board U Com*) Mf* thai"! »aicrM)td>bf(innTdiluihr  [Mi.  Winum. Coramano- 
ant)  l^  a  plan  lo  have  Eoilhih  eolou»  hdmd  here,  ft  tmulti  down  by  the  SimbukU  (t  make  il  a 
Spaotib  atKlciiiaiit;  but  1  uutoiund  (hat  (he  SpaaUi  Comnandaai  dopbcd  hk  mtToRd  rropmlilmi." 


aj« 


ILLLNOIS  mSTORTCAL  COLLECTIONS 


The  Syndic's  Dipficolties,  April  30,  1782 

(K.  MSS.— A.  U.  S.J 
a  la  respectable  Cour  Du  Distric  Des  KasRasRia  Si  Jt  Sic 
Mkssikues, 

Le  supliant  a  L'honneur  de  vous  expose  qufl  auroit  été  Elu(  siodique 
par  La  roix  du  peuple  a  la  pone  de  L'église  Le  sept  du  present  mois  et 
quil  auroit  Crié  et  fait  toua  ce  quïl  auroit  put  pour  fair  faire  Les  clotures 
et  vo}'ant  quil  navancë  a  rien  par  La  negligence  et  mauvaise  volonté 
Daucun  qui  ont  Des  Doturcs,  C«st  pourquoy  Le  suplian  reclame  votre 
justice  que  tous  ceux  qui  noront  Pas  fait  Leurs  Cloture  Bonne  et  solide 
qui  seront  reçu  par  plusieurs  habîtans  de  ce  vilage  mardy  Le  sept  du 
mois  De  may  qui  soit  mie  a  La  mande  Le  supliant  vous  suplic  que  votre 
ordonnance  ce  soit  affiché  a  celle  En  que  personne  En  pretcnde  Cause 
dignorance,  Ccst  La  grace  qui]  espère  et  il  ne  Cessera  De  faire  des  voeux 
pour  votre  Consen-ation  KasKasKia  30  avrille  ijSa 

PBENO 

Veu  la  requête  cy  dessus  et  des  autres  Parts  par  le  Cours  du  District 
des  Kaskasliias  La  requête  cy  dessus  et  des  autres  Part  par  la  Cours 

ITranxhtimt.] 
To  the  Honorable  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskasltia  etc. 
GentleiiJen: 

The  suppliant  has  the  honor  to  show  you  that  he  was  elected  syndic 
by  the  votes  of  the  peO[jle,  at  the" door  of  the  church,  the  seventh  of  the 
present  month,  and  that  he  has  issued  announcemeatâ  and  has  done 
everytiitng  he  could  to  have  the  fences  made;  and  because  he  sees  thai  he 
has  accomplished  nothing  on  account  of  the  negligence  and  ill-will  of  all 
who  have  fences,  that  is  the  reason  that  the  suppliant  claims  your  justice 
against  all  those  who  shall  not  have  made  their  fences  g<x>d  and  solid, 
such  as  will  be  accepted  on  Tuesday,  May  7,  by  several  tnhahitanls  of 
this  village  who  should  be  placed  under  orders  for  tliat  puqiosc.  I'bc 
suppliant  prays  that  your  decree  be  attached  to  IhLs  so  that  no  jierson 
may  plead  cause  of  ignorance.  This  is  ibc  grace  whicli  lie  huttes  for, 
and  be  will  not  cease  to  make  vows  for  your  preservation.  ICa.«Jcaskia, 
April  30,  17S3. 

PRENO. 
The  Court  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  has  examined  the  petition, 
above  and  on  the  other  side,  and  decrees  that  each  of  the  inhabitants  of 


EXAMINATION  BY  L.\BUX1£RE,  MAY  a,  1783 


377 


[sic]  1^  qu'fllc  ordonne  que  tous  les  babiians  de  a:  village  aye  a  faire 
dycy  a  Mardy  prochain  scpticmc  tic  May  chacun  Itur  part  dc  Cloture 
Bonne  et  rece\'ablc,  jour  auquel  la  visite  Le  fera  et  ccUes  qui  ne  Seront 
point  faites  les  pmprictaircs  Payeront  la  mcmc  ce  Mandons  &c  fait  et 
d«inn*î  par  la  Cour  du  dit  Distriii  Laudience  y  tenant  le  Mardy  trentième 
avril  Mi]  sept  cent  quatre  vingt  dcuz  Et  leur  cloture  sera  fail  a  leur 
Depends. 

A  MOBIN  J  P 
[Transt^tiott.] 

this  village  must  make  his  part  of  the  fence,  good  and  acceptable,  be- 
twccn  now  and  Tuesday,  May  7,  the  day  on  which  the  inspection  shall 
be  made  ;  and  those  fences  which  shall  not  lie  made,  the  owners  thereof 
shall  pay  for  the  same.  This  wc  order  etc.  Made  and  done  by  the 
Court  of  the  said  district  in  the  session  of  Tuesday,  April  30,  tyèi  ;  and 
their  fence  shall  be  made  at  their  expense. 

A.  MoRiN,  J.  p. 


Examination  op  Witnesses  by  Labuxiere,  May  i,  178a 

[C.  MSS.  in  lidlcvillc,  —  A.  I».  S.] 

Mny  Joseph  Labuxiere  procureur  de  I'Ktal  de  Virginie  en  la  Conte 
des  iliniiis  ne  pouvant  parvenir  a  faire  instruire  le  procès  dud'  Richard 
Vinston  par  les  magistrats  du  district  des  Caskaskias,  suivant  ladnun- 
dation  a  moy  faite  par  M""  Jean  dodge  capitaine  dinfanterie,  par  le 
defTaud  dargent  ou  je  me  trouve  ainsi  que  M""  dodgc  Et  que  les  dits 
magistrats  ont  ordonna  de  consigner  davance  par  leur  Sentence  au  bas. 
dc  ma  requête  du  trente  daxTil  dernier,  ne  pouvant  me  dispendcrden 
donner  avis  au  Conseil  general,  Et  a  Monsieur  le  general  Clark,  jay  crû 

[Translation.] 
^,  Joscjih  T^abuxicrc,  State's  Attorney  of  Virginia  in  the  County  of 

Illinois,  having  tieen  unable  to  succeed  in  having  the  charges  against 
the  said  Richard  Winsltm  examined  by  the  magistrates  of  the  District 
of  Ku-^iaskia,  in  accoitlanrc  with  the  accusation  made  to  me  by  M. 
John  Dodge,  captain  of  infantry,  on  account  of  the  lack  of  money  on  the 
y)ari  of  M.  Dodge  and  myself  and  liecausc  the  said  magistrates  decreed 
by  their  judgment,  written  Iwlow  my  jwlition  of  the  thirtieth  of  last 
April,  that  payment  should  lie  maiie  in  advance,  and  because  I  cannot 
dispense  with  giving  an  account  of  the  affair  to  the  General  Council 


»7î 


ILLINOIS  lUSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


qua  la  denumde  de  mond'  jn  dodge  Et  qu'il  F.toit  de  mon  dc^'oir  afin 
pour  donner  un  plus  grand  Eclaircissement  de  laffaire  Au  conseil  General 
Et  a  M'  Le  general  Clark  de  recevoir  h  deposition  des  temoiits  contre 
led*  S*  Winston  Et  de  la  leur  faire  parvenir  a  la  diligence  de  M'  dodgc 
pour  En  ordonner  ce  quils  jugeront  Convenable,  En  consequence  jay 
fait  paroitre  devant  moy  le  M'  Michel  Perault  capitaine  au  service  dud* 
Etat  un  des  témoins  produit  par  Ledit  s'  d<Hlge  lequel  après  serment  par 
luy  fait  sur  les  Saints  évangiles  de  dire  ^'erité  Et  quil  ma  dit  netre  parant 
ny  aiic  dud'  s""  Winston  acus«î.  luy  ayant  fait  lecture  de  la  denunciation 
a  muy  faite  par  mond'  s**  dodgc,  je  luy  ay  demandé  sil  avait  Connaissance 
des  fails  y  Enoncez.  Lequel  a  repondu  que  ouy.  Lavons  requis  de 
nous  faire  un  fidel  rapurt  de  ce  quil  savait  dud*  s*"  Winston  concernant 
ladite  denunciation  El  quil  ait  a  nous  En  faite  une  relatiun  Et  deposition 
Exacte.  A  repondu,  qucn  sa  qualité  de  Capitaine  dinfantcric  il  Etoit 
oblige  de  prendre  linlercst  de  LEtat  En  consequence  sachant  quil  y 
avoit  des  eS^cts  En  perdition  apartenant  aud^  Etat,  le  déposant  a  Ecrit 

\Trans!/itîon.] 
and  lo  General  Oark,  I  have  lielîeved  thaï,  at  the  demand  of  M.  John 
Dodge  and  in  order  to  give  a  more  complete  explanation  to  the  General 
Council  and  to  <îcneral  Clark,  it  was  my  duty  to  ^ecei^'e  the  dépositions 
of  the  witnesses  against  tlie  said  M.  Winston  at  the  suit  of  M.  Dodge  and 
to  have  these  reach  the  hands  oE  the  Council  so  that  they  might  order 
whatever  they  thought  lit.  (Consequently  I  cau.sed  lo  a[)pear  before 
me  yi.  Michel  Perraull,  a  captain  in  (he  service  nf  ihc  said  state,  one 
of  the  witnesses  produced  by  the  said  M.  Dodge.'  The  witness,  after 
having  taken  oalh  upon  the  Holy  Kvangelists  to  lell  the  truth,  stated 
lo  me  thai  he  was  neither  a  relative  nor  an  associate  of  the  said  M.  Win- 
ston, defendant.  After  I  had  read  lo  him  the  accusation  made  to  me 
by  the  said  M.  Dodge,  I  have  asked  him  if  he  had  any  knowledge  of 
the  fact  set  forth  therein.  He  answered,  "yes."  I  ihcn  required  him 
to  make  a  true  report  of  what  he  knew  about  the  said  Winston,  as  far 
as  it  concerned  the  said  accusation,  insisting  that  he  should  make  an 
eiact  statement  and  deposition.  He  answered  that  in  his  position  as 
captain  of  the  infantry  he  was  obliged  lo  lake  care  of  the  interest  of  the 
state     Consequently,  since  he  knew  that  there  was  property  bclong- 

■  i\inon|t  ib«  papfn  o(  ibc  Va.  Suie  Litinry  it  oaf  contalnCnt  ihc  tntJni'Oiir  of  iWcM  Fonull 
and  Jolin  Willinn»,  nuilp  lidorc  Jfibn  Dodge.  The  u%uai'imy  b  «uicdy  the  ume  at  givm  In  lUt 
pipet. 


EXAMINATION  fi  Y  LABUXIERE,  MAY  3,  17S3  279 

un  billet  au  s'  Winston  pour  luy  en  remettre  queli^u'on  quil  avoit  Kn 
sa  pocËSsion  Ce  quiS  a  fait  En  {lartiv,  Et  le  dL'|}Osa[it,  sEUDt  trouvé  iLms 
l'idigi'ncc  a  Eté  obligé  de  dU[HJscr  par  une  vente  de  quelques  articles, 
ce  a  qu4)y  lu  s''  Winston  luy  a  dit  quil  saj>erccvuit  quil  suivit  les  traces 
de  SCS  âuiHïriuurs  qui  Etoicnt  une  Bande  de  Voleurs  Kn  general  interogé 
sil  a  quelque  Chose  a  dire  de  plus  }iuur  l'Eclaircissement  de  cette  affaire, 
a  reiMindu  n'avoir  plu  rien  a  dire.  Lecture  a  luy  faite  de  sa  deposition, 
a  dit  quelle  contient  vcritiî  quelle  est  fidèle  Kl  sincere  Kt  quil  aûirmc 
wus  le  Serment  quil  a  fait  Et  quil  y  persiste,  Ht  a  Signé  avec  Nous, 
le  deux  May  mit  sept  Cent  quatre  vingt  deux. 

LADi;xiE.R£  procureur  de  LKtat  X^**  PF.RBAtn.T 

Cap"*  of  the  llînois  Batallion 

Jay  fait  aussi  comparoilre  pardevant  moy  M''  jcan  Wiliams  ancien 
capitaine  dinfunterie  cy  devant  au  service  de  LEtat  segond  témoin  pro- 
duit par  M*"  dodge,  lequel  après  serment  par  luy  fait  Sur  les  Saints 

[TrunsialioH.] 

ing  to  the  said  state  that  was  going  (o  ruin,  the  witness  wrote  a  note  to 
M.  Winston  asking  him  lo  send  to  him  (Perrault)  some  of  the  things 
in  his  (Winston's)  possession.  This  the  said  Winston  did  in  pari. 
And  the  witness,  having  found  himself  In  want,  was  forced  to  sell  some 
of  these  articles.  Thereupon  M.  Winston  said  to  liim  that  he  per- 
ceived that  he  (Perrault)  was  following  in  the  footsteps  of  his  superiors, 
who  were  generally  a  band  of  thieves.  Upon  being  asked  whether  he 
had  anything  else  to  say  in  elucidation  of  this  alTair,  the  witness  an- 
swered that  he  bad  nothing  more  to  say.  The  reading  of  bis  deposition 
having  been  made  to  him,  he  staled  that  it  contained  the  truth,  that  it 
is  faithful  and  true,  and  that  he  aairms  it  under  the  oath  which  he 
has  taken,  and  that  he  persists  therein.  And  he  signed  with  us  this 
second  of  May  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eight-two. 

Lauuxicke,  State's  .\ttomcy  MlCB£l.  Peruault, 

Capt.  of  the  Illinois  Battalion. 

I  also,  caused  to  appear  befon-  me  M.  John  Williams,  formerly 
captain  of  infantry  in  the  service  of  the  state,  the  second  witness  pro- 
duced by  M.  Dudge.  The  witness,  after  having  taken  oath  upon  the 
Holy  Evangelists  to  IcU  the  truth,  has  statul  to  us  that  he  was  neither 


aSo 


nXlNOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Evangiles  de  dire  la  vcrilé  Et  quil  nom  a  dit  Ncirc  parant  ni  alic  du<l* 
Wioston  luy  avons  demnndf  sil  a  connoissancc  de  lanonciation  a  nous 
faite  par  led^  s'  dodge  de  laquelle  je  iuy  ay  fait  le  lecture  a  dit  que  ouy 
quil  En  avoît  Coimoissance.  L'avons  requis  sans  contrainte  De  nous 
en  faire  une  Relation  sincere,  depose,  quil  sest  trouvé  En  la  compagnie 
de  M""  Winston  El  que  den  plusieurs  occasion  il  luy  entendu  sacrer  tous 
les  officiers  du  département  des  ilinois  a  lexceptioa  du  general  Clark 
disant  quils  etoient  une  bande  de  voleurs  Et  pîleurs  Et  quils  quils  [iù;] 
netoient  venus  dans  ce  pays  que  pour  cet  effet  Et  Exprès  interogé  sil  sesl 
aperçu  que  le  sr  Winston  avoit  Bû  dans  Ses  propos,  a  repondu  que  non 
interogé  sil  a  quelque  Chose  a  dire  de  plus,  a  repondu  navoit  plus  Rien 
a  dire.  Lecture  a  luy  faite  de  Sa  declaration  a  dit  quelle  Conlien  veriu! 
Et  quil  y  persiste  sous  le  serment  quil  a  fait  et  a  Signé  avec  moy  aux 
Caskasitias  des  ilinois  le  deux  May  mil  sept  Cent  Quatre  vingt  deui. 
Labuxiebe  procureur  de  LEtat  John  Willums 

Avons  fait  avenir  Henry  Schemius  ancien  cap"*  de  milice  En  Vir- 
ginie de  present  habitant  aux  Caskaskias  troisième  témoins  produit 

[Transl<]lwn.] 
a  relative  nor  an  associate  of  the  s^d  Winston.  We  asked  him  whether 
he  knew  about  the  accusation  made  to  us  by  the  said  M.  Dodge,  which 
accusation  I  read  to  him.  The  witness  said  that  he  knew  of  this  accu- 
sation. I  then  asked  him  to  make,  without  any  constraint,  a  careful 
statement.  He  testified  that  he  was  in  the  company  of  M.  Winston, 
when  on  several  occasions  he  heard  him  curse  all  (he  oflicers  of  the  de- 
partment of  the  Illinois  with  the  exception  of  General  Clark,  saying 
that  tliey  were  all  a  band  of  thieves  and  robbers  and  that  they  had  come 
to  this  countrj'  only  for  that  purpose  expressly.  The  witness  was 
asked  whether  he  had  noticed  that  M.  Winston  showed  signs  of  intoxi- 
cation in  his  speech.  He  answered,  "  No."  Upon  being  a*Jied  whether 
he  had  anj-thing  more  to  say,  the  witness  answered  that  he  had  not. 
riis  testimony  was  then  read  to  him  and  he  said  thai  it  contained  the 
troth  and  that  he  persisted  therein  under  the  oath  which  he  has  taken. 
He  then  signed  with  us.  At  Kaskaskia  of  the  Illinois  the  second  of 
May,  1782. 
Labuxiere,  State's  Attorney  John  W^iluasis. 

I  also  had  appear  Tlcnrj-  Smith,  formerly  captain  of  infantry  in 
Virginia  and  at  present  an  inhabilant  f>f  K;iskaskia,  the  lliird  witness 


EXAMINATION  BY  LABUXIERR,   MAY  a.  1783 


381 


par  le  s'  dodge,  lequel  après  serment  par  tuy  fait  dc  dire  la  verit<î  Et  quit 
nous  a  dit  aetre  parant  serviteur  ni  alié  dud' s''  Winston,  luy  ay  demandé 
SU  avoit  Connoissaoce  des  faits  insérez  dans  la  dénonciation  de  M' 
dodge  de  laquelle  nous  luy  avims  fait  Lecture.  F.t  qui!  ait  a  nous 
faire  une  Kelation  Exacte  Ivt  sincere  de  ce  qui  a  Sa  Connoissance  ce  quîl 
a  fait  par  linterpretation  du  M*"  Michel  pcrault  qui  luy  sest  de  truchement 
a  deffaud  présentement  de  trouver  dautrc  interprète,  ce  que  le  d'  s' 
perault  a  promis  de  faire  après  serment  par  luy  fait  de  me  raporter 
fidèlement  la  deposition  dud'  s'  Schcmitz.  depose  que  sEtant  trouvé 
plusieurs  fois  En  conversation  avec  le  s'  Winston  il  luy  a  Entendu  dire 
sans  que  la  boisson  y  ait  Eu  aucune  part  que  les  officiers  qui  Etoient 
venus  dans  le  pays  ny  Etoient  venus  que  pour  piller  les  habitants  En 
Consequence,  quils  Etoient  une  Bande  dc  Gueux,  pilk-urs  Et  voleurs 
Et  quiil  Etoit  dans  Le  Cas  <lc  le  prouver  par  tous  les  Citoyens  du  pays, 
interogé  sil  a  quelqu'autrc  Chose  a  déposer  contre  s'  Winston  a  répondu 
que  non.    Lecture  a  luy  faite  de  sa  deposition  a  dit  quelle  contient 


[Transiaiion.] 

produced  by  M.  Dodge.  The  witness  after  having  taken  oaih  to  tell 
the  truth,  stated  thai  he  was  neither  a  relative,  a  servant,  or  an  asso- 
ciate of  the  aforesaid  M.  Winston.  I  askod  him  if  he  had  any  knowl- 
edge of  the  facta  contained  in  the  accusation  of  M.  Dodge,  which  i  read 
to  him,  and  I  required  thai  he  should  make  to  us  an  exact  and  Inie 
statement  of  what  he  knew.  This  he  did  through  the  interpretation 
of  M.  Michel  Perrault,  who  acted  as  his  spokesman  in  default  of  being 
able  to  find  another  infcrprcter  at  the  time.  This  M.  Perrault  promised 
to  do  after  taking  an  oath  to  repeat  faithfully  the  testimony  of  the  said 
M.  Smith.  The  witness  testified  ihat  he  was  several  times  in  conver- 
sation with  M.  Winston  and  heard  him  say,  liquor  plaj-ing  absolutely 
no  part  therein,  that  the  officers,  who  had  come  into  the  country,  had 
come  for  no  other  reason  than  to  pillage  the  inhabitants  afterwards, 
and  that  the  officers  were  a  band  of  beggars,  robbers,  and  thin-es,  and 
that  he  was  in  a  position  to  prove  it  by  all  the  c!tizen.s  of  the  country. 
Ha\nng  been  asked  whether  he  had  anything  else  to  testify  against  the 
said  Winston,  he  answered,  "No."  His  testimony  ha\'ing  been  read 
to  bim,  he  declared  that  It  contained  the  truth  and  that  he  maintained 


TI.LINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

vérité  et  quil  y  persiste  s«uis  le  serment  qui]  a  fait  Et  a  Signé  avec  moy 
Kt  kd<  b**  Perault  )e  deux  may  mil  sept  Ceot  quatre  vingt  deux 
M'^  Perrault  Hknry  Surru 

Servant  d'intcrprette  au  Sr  Smith  Labuxieke 

Procureur  de  LEtat 

Comme  je  nignore  pas  quil  est  hors  de  ma  ministère  de  recevoir  des 
depositions  de  temoin-i  Et  que  je  ne  doit  donner  que  mes  Conclusions 
dans  le  procès,  cependant  jay  Crû  ne  [>ouvoir  me  dispenser  de  le  faire 
dans  cette  occasion  p^  donner  lintelligcncc  de  cette  afairc  au  Conseil 
gênerai,  Et  faire  servir  la  dite  depositions  suivant  que  le  conscfl  le 
jugera  Convenable,  Labitxierr 

[Translation.] 

ît  under  the  oath  which  he  had  taken.  And  he  signed  wJlb  me  and  the 
said  M.  Perrauh,  the  second  of  May,  178». 

Henky  Swrm. 
MicuKL  Perxault,  acting  as  interpreter  for  M.  Smith. 

LABtJXi£B£,  State's  Attorney. 

Although  T  am  not  ignorant  of  the  fact  that  it  is  out  of  my  province 
to  take  the  tcalimony  of  witnesses  and  that  I  should  give  only  the  con- 
clusions in  the  trial,  ncvcrlhclc!»,  I  did  not  think  tliat  I  could  dispense 
therewith  on  this  occasion,  in  order  to  give  intelligence  ut  tliis  affair 
to  the  General  Council,  and  to  have  the  said  depositions  serve  as  the 
Sûocil  shall  judge  fit.  Labuxiebe. 


John  Dodce  to  Josepb  Labotciehe,  May  4,  178a 

[C.  MSS-  in  BdIr*iJlr.— Copy  by  Labudcre] 

Monsieur, 

Vu  que  la  Cour  na  voulu  prendre  connoissance  de  l'affaire  de  M^" 
Winston  C'est  [jourquoi  M'  Voyant  La  Viamence  qu'il  règne,  iostigué 
par  les  proïKK  du  dit  Winston,  attantoir  pour  La  Surçté  du  gouveme- 

[Translation^ 


Since  the  Court  has  not  been  willing  to  take  cognizance  of  the  affair 
dI  M.  Winston,  and  on  account  of  the  turmoil  that  reigns  instigated 
by  the  designs  of  the  said  Winston,  a  man  who  strikes  at  the  safety 


DODGE  TO  LABUXIERE,  MAY  4,  1783  383 

meat;  C'est  pourquoi  monsieur  je  pense  qu'il  SeroiC  apropos  de  faire 
arretter  Les  biens  et  Le  Corps  dud'  Wioston.    En  Consequence  par 
Le  dû  de  ma  charge,  ainsi  que  par  le  Sennent  que  jay  pretté  a  Letat 
je  ne  puis  m'empecbcr  que  de  poursuivre  Cet  Homme,  ettant  très  dan- 
gereux, et  Capable  De  Favoricer  [?]  une  entré  favorable  a  nos  Enne- 
mies Commun  ainâ  Mons'  je  me  tressers  [?J  a  votre  oppînion  étant 
penuadez  que  vous  navez  rien  De  plus  a  Coeur  que  L'interest  de  votre 
patrie  et  Le  dû  de  votre  charge.    Jay  Lhoneur  d'estre  monsieur 
Votre  ires  humble  et  obéissant  Serviteur 
J  W  Dodge  Capt 
Aux  Kaskaskias  Le  4  May  178a  Agent  Stale  Vir^ 

Veu  la  representation  cy  dessus  et  de  lautre  par  je  soussigné  pro- 
cureur de  l'Etat  de  Virginie,  je  ncrapechc  ni  ne  nio|>o3c  |K>int  pour  la 
Siircté  de  ce  department  a  ce  que  M'  jcan  dodgc  captaîoe  dinfantcrie 
et  les  officiers  militaire  actuellement  aux  Caskaskias,  ne  se  saississent 
de  la  [wrsonnc  du  s""  Richard  Winston  Et  ne  sassurent  de  Sa  jjcrsoone 
pour  prévenir  Les  suites  funestes  quïl  pouroit  trouver  tant  contre  le 

[Transiaiwn.] 
of  the  govemment,  it  is  for  these  reasons,  sir,  that  I  think  it  would  be 
fitting  to  arrest  the  said  Winston  and  attach  his  property.  Therefore, 
in  virtue  of  my  office  as  well  as  by  the  oath  that  I  have  given  to  the 
state,  I  cannot  desist  from  prosecuting  that  man,  since  he  is  very  dan- 
gerous and  capable  of  assisting  a  favorable  entrance  to  our  common 
emrmies.  So  I  defer  to  your  opinion,  being  persuaded  that  you  have 
nothing  nearer  to  your  heart  than  the  interest  of  your  country  and  the 
duty  of  your  office.    I  have  the  honor  to  be,  sir. 

Your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 
J.  W.  Dodge,  Capt., 
Kaskaskia,  May  4,  i;8a.  Agent  for  tbc  State  of  Virginia. 

In  view  of  the  representation,  above  and  on  the  oihcr  page,  I,  the 
undersigned,  attorney  for  the  Stale  of  Virginia,  do  not  prcrent  M. 
Dodge,  Captain  of  the  Infantry,  and  the  military*  officers  now  at  Kaa- 
kasltia,  from  seizing  the  body  of  M.  Richard  Winston  and  from  assur- 
ing themselves  of  his  {>erson  so  as  to  prevent  any  detrimental  conse- 
luences  that  he  miglit  bring  on  the  government  as  well  as  on  the  persons 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

gouvernement  que  contre  la  personne  des  officiers  Et  la  tranquilité  du 
IKuplc,  En  En  donnant  a%ns  au  Conseil  dEtai  de  vïrginic  El  a  M"  Le 
general  Clark  Et  tod,  declarant  que  je  nentend  En  aucunne  façon  me 
rendre  garand  ni  responsable  Envers  lEtat  ni  ledit  Winston  des  Evéne- 
ments Et  prciudicc  qui  en  pouroît  résulter,  ou  repetition  que  Ion  pouvoit 
faire,  fait  aux  Caskaskias  le  quatre  may  mil  sept  cent  quatre-vingt 
deux  je  declare  Encor  que  vous  ayez  vous  Mr  dodge  a  prendre  garde 
a  ce  que  Biens  dud*  Vinslon  ne  dépérissent  pas,  autrement  je  vous  ca 
rend  Responsable  fait  aux  Caskasktas  les  d^  jour  Et  an 

Labuxiebe,  procureur  de  l'Etat 

[TranstiUîon.] 
of  the  officers  and  the  tmnquillity  of  the  people  ;  nor  do  I,  for  the  safety 
of  my  department,  make  opposition.  In  giving  notice  to  the  Counsel 
of  State  and  to  General  Clark  and  Colonel  Todd  I  declare  to  them  that 
1  du  not  in  any  way  intend  to  render  myself  responsible  to  the  state  or 
10  the  saiil  Winston  for  the  results  and  damages  that  may  result  from 
It,  ur  fur  any  suit  for  damages  that  may  be  brought.  Done  at  Kas- 
kaskia  the  fourth  of  May,  17S3.  I  further  stale,  that  you,  M.  Dodge, 
should  lake  care  that  the  pro^fcrty  of  the  aforesaid  Winston  \k  not 
destroyed,  otherwise  I  hold  you  responsible  therefor.  Done  at  Kaa* 
kaskia  this  .same  day  and  yeur.        Labdxiere,  State's  Attorney. 


Inhabitants  or  Kaskasku  lo  tht;  Magistiates,  May  35,  1783 

[K.  MSS.— A.  n.  S.] 

A  Messieurs  Les  Magistrats  de  La  Respectable  Cour  du  Distric 
des  KasKasKias 
Messie  UR, 

Les  Soussignés  habitants  de  celte  comté  de  La  Ville  des  KasKasKias 
onts  L'honneur  de  vous  Exposer  comme  Sujets  Des  Etats  Unis  de 

[Tronslalion.] 

To  the  Magistrates  of  the  Honorable  Court  of  the  District  of  Kas- 
kaskia. 
Gentlemen: 

We,  the  undersigned  inhabitants  of  this  crtunty  and  of  tlie  village 
of  Kaskaskia.  have  the  honor  to  jietition  you,  .as  subjects  of  the  United 


i:NH.\BrrANTS  to  magistrates,  may  25,  1782         285 

Lameriquc  qu'il  vous  Plaise  que  Les  Suppliants  voua  fassent  Une 
Juste  Representation  Pour  maintenir  Le  bon  ordre  Et  Soutenir  La 
Respectable  Cour  Et  Les  droits  des  Citoyens  de  cette  contre. 

[Art^''^  i"^  [MS.  torn]  Les  Etrangers  Etablis  Et  arivant  dans 
oc  Pays  aycnt  a  Prêter  Le  serment  Pardcvant  vous,  tous  au  nom  des 
EtaB  Unis  s 'ils  nont  aucun  titres  de  L'avoir  fait,  de  prêter  Le  scrman 
Delégançc  aux  Etats  Unis  de  La  ^^crique. 

artcte  jftie  Un,  autre  scrman  par  Lequel  ils  seront  tenu  de  prêter 
La  main,  et  Donner  main  forte  touttcfois  qu'ils  en  Seront  Requis  pour 
maintenir  la  loy  Civillc  et  le  Droit  des  Gens. 

^me  Ceux  qui  ne  prcttcront  point  Le  Scrman  Requis  aycnt  a  sortir 
de  L'endroit  Sans  delay  comme  il  vous  est  enjoint  par  la  lettre  de  Mon- 
sieur Le  General  Clarke  qui  Est  au  Greffe. 

^mo  Qijç  La  cour  sera  Soutenue  par  tout  ceux  quî  Prcttcront  Le 
scrman  et  qui  L'ont  pretté  comme  dit  cy  devant  et  pour  Le  Bien  Public. 

[Translation.] 
Stales  of  America,  that  you  consent  to  allow  the  suppliants  to  make  to 
you  a  just  memorial  concerning  the  maintenance  of  good  order,  sup- 
porting the  honorable  Court,  and  the  rights  of  the  citizens  of  this  county. 

[1st  Article.  They  represent  to  you  that]  the  strangers,  settled  or 
jiist  arrinng  in  this  country,  ought  to  take  in  your  presence  the  oath  of 
allegiance  to  the  United  States  of  America  in  the  name  of  the  United 
States,  unless  they  have  certificates  to  show  that  they  have  already  taken 
the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  United  States  of  America. 

2nd  Article.  That  they  should  also  take  another  oath  by  which 
they  will  be  obliged  to  lend  assistance  and  help,  whenever  it  may  be 
required  of  them,  in  order  to  maintain  livil  law  and  the  rights  of  the 
people. 

3d  .article.  That  those  who  do  not  take  the  required  oath  should 
be  compelled  by  you  to  leave  these  regions  at  once,  as  you  are  com- 
manded to  do  by  the  letter  from  General  Clark  which  is  in  the  clerk's 
office.* 

4th  Article.  That  the  C'ourt  .shall  l>c  maintained  by  all  those 
who  shall  take  the  oath  and  who  have  given  it,  as  mentioned  aliow,  for 
the  public  welfare. 

*  Thia  ttlen  to  ■  kiivr  wriitrn  by  Ckrk  1*  DwcrmbfT,  irAi,  whtcfa  b  nir»  unonjt  fht  A'jikafMi 
\ltSS.       Il  will  be  iwblklieH  in  Iht  xiliinMS  ilnolid  In  Cluk'*  !>(■»    Ccnull  IlL  Hitl   C<Jif 
«J,  U..  p.  til. 


386 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLU£CTIONS 


ai*'*  5""  Que  Personne  n'enlrera  dans  L'audience  avec  aucun 
arme  Saxis  votre  ix-rmi&siun  Expresse  n'y  qu'il  ne  soît  fa.it  aucunncs 
insultes  et  ocux  qui  y  contre vicndron  seront  Puai  Et  condamner  Par 
La  Cour. 

6°*'  Que  Personne  N'aycnt  authurité  de  mettre  en  Prison  qui  que 
ce  8i>it  Sans  une  ordre  Kmant!  de  La  Cour  vu  d'un  MagistraL 

ym«  Que  yQujj  ordonnerez  qu'il  Soit  lait  une  I*rison  civil  Sans 
Delay,  qu  un  chaqu'un  y  coo[)erera  comme  uiille  au  maintient  de  la 
cour  et  a  La  tranquitité  des  citoyens. 

gme  Qu^^  tous  officiers  des  Etais  qui  viendrons  dans  cette  conltA; 
Sans  Passeport  ou  serman  ne  soyent  Jusqu'à  ce  quîls  ayent  donnif  preuve 
de  leur  fidclité  et  Bonne  Mucurs. 

çmc  Qu^  tout  haliitants  qui  viendront  pour  sYtalilir  dans  ce  Pays 
contrée  des  Illinois  [MS.  lorn]  Passeport  des  ElaM  unis,  Ne  soient  point 
Reçue  N'ohtilant  I^  Passeport  ils  donneront  témoignage  de  leurs  Bonne 
Vie  et  Mwurs. 

10'"'    Que  touttc  Personne  Etablis  dans  cette  contrée  ou  qui  sy 


\Tr<jnslaHoti.\ 

Sth  Article.  That  no  person  shall  enter  the  rourt-room  with  any 
weapon  whatever  without  your  express  permission,  and  that  no  insult 
be  offered  the  Court;  that  those  violating  this  shall  be  punished  and 
condemned  by  the  Court. 

6th  Article.  That  no  one,  whoever  he  may  Ixr,  shall  have  authority 
to  imprison  anyone  without  an  order  issuing  from  the  Court  or  Irom  a 
magistrate. 

yth  Article.  That  you  order  a  jail  to  be  built  al  once,  and  that 
each  one  shall  co-operate  in  its  construction  as  a  thing  useful  for  the 
maintenance  of  the  Court  and  to  the  tranquillity  of  the  citixens. 

8th  Article.  That  all  ofScers  of  the  United  States  who  shall  come 
to  this  country  without  a  passport  or  oath  be  not  regarded  as  such  un- 
til they  have  given  proof  of  their  fidelity  and  good  morals. 

9th  Article.  That  all  persons  who  may  come  to  establish  tbem- 
selves  in  this  country,  the  County  of  Illinois,  bringing  a  passport  Crom 
the  United  States,  should  not  be  received,  in  spile  of  the  passport, 
unlil  they  give  proof  of  their  good  life  and  morals. 

totb  .article.    That  all  persons  settled  in  this  country  or  who  shall 


liNIIABITANTS  TO   MAGISTRATES,  MAY  35,  178a         387 

£t3bIironts  suivront  la  Loix  française  que  nous  avons  eu  Pouvoir  de 
suivre 

ii™«  Que  toulte  Pieces  de  Proccrfure  Et  autre  Seront  faittes  ea 
fronçais. 

1 3""  Qu'il  Plaise  à  la  cour  qu'il  soit  fait  une  assemblé  Public  Pour 
touts  les  Etrangers,  citoyens,  établis,  Et  autres  y  soient  admis  lorsquib 
auront  Prêté  le  serman  Requis  comme  il  Est  dit,  quils  seront  averti  Par 
une  afiiche  qu'il  plaira  a  la  cour  de  faire  Publier,  Pour  s'tatuer  Les 
fraix  de  Justice  «jui  absorbent  Le  Public,  dont  Les  soussignés  Reclame 
de  suivre  Le  tarif  de  feu  M"*  Barois  cy  devant  Notaire,  Et  qui  £st  au 
Greffe. 

j\jcU  |jtn«  Que  louttes  Personne  Nommé  Pour  Les  interests 
Public  soient  appuyés  Par  U  Cour  comme  sindic  Et  autres. 

14""  Que  la  traite  d'Eaudcvie  aux  Sauvages  Soit  Exetu,  que  les 
contrevenants  Soient  Puny  Par  une  amande  qu'il  Plaira  a  La  Cour  de 
taxer,  Et  En  cas  de  Rccedive  Pour  la  troisième  fois  Soient  cbasé  de 
Lendroit  comme  Pcrtubateur  Public. 

1  Translalhn.] 

settle  herein,  shall  follow  the  French  law  which  we  have  had  permission 
to  follow. 

nth  .\rticle.  That  all  court  proceedings  and  other  legal  business 
be  conducted  in  the  Fa-ncb  language. 

I3th  Article.  That  it  may  jjleasc  the  Court  tbat  a  public  assembly 
be  called  to  which  all  straagcrs,  dtizcns,  settlers,  and  others  be  admitted, 
after  they  shall  have  taken  the  required  oath,  as  has  been  mentioned, 
and  that  they  shall  l>e  notiucd  by  a  public  notice,  which  it  will  please 
the  Court  to  have  published,  whereby  there  shall  be  established  by  statute 
the  costs  of  justice,  which  arc  consuming  the  public.  We,  the  under- 
signed, beg  that  you  follow  the  tariff  of  tlie  late  M.  Barroîs,  former 
notary,  which  tariff  is  at  the  office  of  the  clerk.' 

13th  Article.  That  all  [jcrsons  named  to  care  for  public  interests  be 
supported  by  the  Court  in  their  duties,  such  as  syndics  and  others. 

J4th  .\rticlc.  That  the  sale  of  eaxulevu  to  the  Indians  be  pro- 
hibited ;  that  offenders  be  punished  by  a  fine,  which  the  Court  may  see 
f]t  to  establish  ;  and  in  case  of  repetition  for  the  third  time  that  they  be 
driven  from  the  place  as  disturbers  of  the  public  welfare. 

'  Kotïl  Trciich  noUry  In  the  dbCrict  of  Illlnoh,  1717  to  i;<7-  An  Mcount  ol  bim  nuy  be  \autdl 
ia,  Ahrortl,  " Ul.  ia  the  ig4li  Cnaturr,"  Buttti» of  tbe  111.  Suu  Ilm.  UXtntj,  L,  No.  1 . .  p.  i>. 


988  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

15™»  Que  tous  Voleurs  Soient  arrêtas  Pour  son  crime  Et  Punî 
Suivant  La  Loy. 

16™'  Que  Le  Bon  ordre  devant  L'Eglise  Soit  maintenu  Par  un 
sentinel,  qui  Sera  ordonné  Par  Les  Capitaines  de  Milice  qui  donnerons 
la  Consine  Pour  maintenir  Le  Respect  Pendant  Le  Service  DiWn,  que 
les  contrevenant  Soient  emprisonné  Et  condamné  a  une  amande  Par 
La  cour 

17"""  [i\fS.  torn]  dcffcndu  a  qui  que  ce  soit  de  vendre  aucune  Boî- 
son  Enivrante  aux  E&davcs  n'y  achcpter  d  eux  sans  une  Permission 
£xpresc  de  leur  Maître;  ainsi  que  de  dépendre  les  assemblés  Noc- 
turnes que  tienne  Les  dits  Esclaves  Suu  [sU]  peine  d'une  amende  a 
Ceux  qui  les  souffrirons  chez  Eux,  Et  ime  Amande  apliquéc  a  qui  con- 
que leur  vendera  de  la  Boison  et  cy  Ils  Recidivrnt  quils  soient  chasé  de 
ce  Pays. 

i8««  Quil  Plaise  a  La  cour  d'examiner  touttes  les  Articles  y  men- 
tionée  aux  6ns  de  maintenir  la  Paix,  L'union,  Et  la  tranquîliu5  aux  Cito- 
yens  que  La  présente  soït  Lue  Et  affichée  devant  L'Eglise  Pour  en  don- 
ner Connaissance  a  tout  Le  Public  afin  qu'il  n'en  prétende  aucune 

\TraHslation.] 

iSth  Article.  That  all  thieves  be  arrested  for  iheir  crime  and 
punished  according  to  law. 

i6th  ."Vrticle.  That  good  order  in  fnmt  of  the  church  be  kept  by 
a  sentinel,  who  shall  be  appointed  by  the  captains  of  the  militia.  The 
latter  shall  give  orders  that  respect  be  observed  during  divine  service, 
and  those  violating  the  same  be  imprisoned  and  condemned  by  the  Court 
to  pay  a  fine. 

i7lh  Article.  That  it  be  forbidden  fnr  any  one,  whomsoever,  to 
sell  any  kind  of  intoxicating  drinks  to  the  slaves,  or  to  buy  anything 
from  them  without  the  express  permis-sinn  of  their  masters;  and  that 
the  said  slaves  be  forbidden  to  hold  assemblies  at  night  under  penalty  of 
a  fine  against  those  who  permit  these  assemblies  at  their  home,  and  a 
fine  against  any  one  who  shall  sell  them  drink;  and,  if  they  repeat  the 
offence,  thai  they  be  expelled  from  the  cnuntry. 

i8th  Article.  That  it  may  please  the  Court  to  ex-iminc  all  these 
articles  mentioned  here,  in  order  to  maintain  peace,  union,  and  tran- 
quillity for  the  citizens;  that  the  pre.sent  be  read  and  posted  before  the 
church,  in  order  to  acquaint  all  the  public  ihorewiLb,  so  that  no  one  may 


^^H            INHABITANTS  TO  MAGISTRATES,  MAV  25,  1783        289        ^M 

^^^^  cause  dignorence  Et  que  les  soussigné 

s  Espèrent  que  La  Rcs{)cctab]e         ^^H 

cour  voudra  Bien  donner  Louttc  La  force  a  ses  J  u^lcs  KcpR-scnULtions         ^^| 

comme  un  Bien  Public  Et  fera  Droîlc. 

■ 

Aux  RasKosKias  Le  35  May  17S3 

■ 

LONVAL 

JEAN  BaI'T    +   LaPERCUE                       ^^H 

PREND 

marque                              ^^H 

RENÉ  SOOMAXDE 

■ 

1                              PRE  LaNGLOY 

ANTOINE    +  PeLTIE                                 ^^| 

'1                     Lacbamss 

marque                                 ^^H 

BAElfTEI. 

H 

Fr  corset 

JEAN  +  Larue                               ^^M 

Lovïs  Bra[.W5.  torn] 

marque                                        ^^H 

CONAUC 

^^H 

1                     Ja.vis 

ANTOINE    +  RCNOUS                                ^^| 

Gerard  langlois 

marque                                     ^^^| 

Antoine  Peltfe 

H 

1                              K  CHARLE^lt.t,r 

HES'RY    4-  REI.HTFR                                  ^^H 

CHtB  Cearlevili* 

marque                                  ^^| 

[  TransItUiott.]                                                          ^^H 

pretend  to  be  ignorant  thercuf.    The  undersigned  hope  that  the  Hon-         ^^H 

orable  Court  will  sec  fit  lo  enforce,  in  full,  thc»c  ju3t  représentât  lotis  as         ^^H 

an  act  for  the  public  g(K>d  ;  and  it  shall  do  justice.                                            ^^| 

Ka.ska5kia,  May  35,  1782. 

^^1 

LON\A[.. 

Jean  Bapt.  +  Lapehchf..             ^^M 

Preno. 

^^H 

René  SotnaANDK. 

his                       ^H 

Pierre  Lanclok. 

Antoine  -t-  Pelletier.                 ^^| 

Lachanse. 

^^H 

Barutel. 

^^1 

Fr.  Cor-skt. 

Jean  4-  Larue.                            ^^| 

Lulls  Bra[zeau]. 

mark                                    ^^| 

('onaud. 

^^1 

jA>as. 

Antuink  4-  Reneaux.                    ^^H 

Okrarr  Langiaks. 

mark                                             H 

Antoine  Pelletier. 

his                                                 H 

F  Ciiarleville. 

Henkv  +  Reuiier.                             H 

1                              CUARLKS  CHARLEVILLE. 

1 

mark                                          1 

^^^^     390                  ILLLNOLS  HiyiORICAL  COLLECITONS 

^^1                   P  Richard 

sa 

^H 

BAPT.    +  BEULLE 

^H                           BaHOLK    +  TOUUR 

marque 

^^M                            maxque 

u 

^^B                           UtCHEL    +   DANV 

jean  BT  +  JAIflDROM 

^^m 

marque 

^^Ê                           ChARLE   +  DEULLX 

BATIS  JAKES 

^^^^K                        marque 

ANTOINE  Bl'YAT 

^^^^H 

Rich.  Winston 

^^^^1                  JOSEPH         HICNE 

^^^^H 

^^^^V 

^^m                           PIER    +  DtnCON 

^^M                             marque 

^^m                 Veu  La  requête  cy  dessus  La  Cour  ordonne  aux  Capitaine  et  com- 

^H            mandant  de  la  milice  De  donner  leurs  ordres  que  tous  les  Cytoyens 

^^H           françois  et  américains  soit 

assemble  rhcz  Le  Lieutenant  de  Cr>mti!e 

^^M           Dimanche  prochain  a  lissuc 

[dc]  la  messe  pour  délibérer  sur  la  Bâtisse 

P 

[Translation.] 

^^                           P.  RtCTIARD. 

his                                        1 

^^B 

Baptiste  +  Delisle.                    H 

^H                   Batioi-e  +  THAUUtn 

mark                               ^Ê 

^^F                                marie 

H 

Michel  +  Danis. 

Jean  Bapt-  +  Jandron.                H 

his 

mark                               ^Ê 

Crarle  +  Deusle. 

Batiste  Janis.                              H 

mark 

Antoine  Bityat.                            H 

his 

Richard  Wikston.                        H 

Joseph  +  Migne. 

H 

mark 

H 

his 

H 

Pierre  +  Dduoht. 

H 

mark 

H 

In  view  of  the  above  petition  the  Court  orders  the  captains  and  com-          ^M 

raancLint  of  the  militia  to  give  orders  that  all  the  French  and  American           H 

citizens  be  assembled  at  the  home  of  tlic  lieutenant  of  the  county  next           ^ 

Stinilay  at  the  close  of  mass 

in  order  to  consider  the  erection  of  a  jail,           H 

AN   KLECTION,  JUNE  i8,  178» 


991 


d'une  prison  dont  un  chacun  ne  manqueront  point  de  sy  trouver,  El 
Ensuite  la  Cour  repondcra  aux  autres  demandes  (.(/.S',  torn]  présente 
requête  Mandons  Sec  fait  [MS.  torn]  la  dittc  cour  Laudience  y  tenant 
[MS.  lûm]  mcmc  jour  du  mois  de  juin  mil  sept  cent  quatrevingts  deux 

AUrroiNE  B  AU  VAIS  J  P 

Enregistrés  au  Greffe  du  District  de  KasKasKJiu  En  la  Comté  des 
Illinois  Pages  206:  207:  208:  pages  250  folio  131  Par  nous  notaire  Et 
greffier  en  Dit  District  KasKasKias  le  vingt  neuvième  jour  du  mois 
d'aoust  mil  sept  cent  quatrevingts  deux  Caraonneaux 

Greffier 
\Enti4)rsed:]  Requête  des  habitante  des  Kaskaskia» 

[Translation.] 
at  which  meeting  none  should  be  absent.    Then  the  Court  will  answer 
the  other  requests  (of  this]  present  petition.    Let  it  be  ordered,  etc. 
Done  (in]  the  said  Court,  while  in  sciision,  [this]  same  day  of  the  month 
of  June,  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty-two. 

Antoine  Baovais,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 
Recorded  at  the  clerk's  office  in  the  District  of  K-oskaskia  in  the 
County  of  tltinois,    pages  206,  207,  208,  page  250,  folio  131,  by  us, 
notary  and  clerk  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia,  the  twenty-ninth  of  the 
month  of  August,  1782.  Cardonkeacx, 

Clerk. 
[Endorsgd:]   Petition  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia. 


Election  0?  Macisirates  at  Prairie  du  Rocher,  June  18,  178a 
[K.  MSS.—  A.  D.  s.] 
Aujourdhuy  Seizième  jour  du  Mois  de  juin  mil  Sept  cent  quatrevingt 
deux.  Nous  habitans  de  la  prairie  du  Rocher  Nous  Sommes  assemblés 
par  ordre  de  M.  Barbeau  capitaine  de  MîHce  Et  commandant  au  d'  lieu. 
En  Sa  maison  a  l'Eiffet  de  Nommer  deux  magistrats  pour  le  district  des 

I  Translation.] 

To-day  the  sixteenth  of  June,  1782,  we,  the  inhabitant»  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  assembled  at  the  order  of  M.  Barbau,  captain  of  the  militia 
and  commandant  at  the  .said  place,  at  his  house,  in  order  to  name  two 
tnagistrates  for  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  in  the  place  and  stead  of  M. 


393 


ILLINOIS  JnSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


KdfiKajiKias  au  lieu  £t  place  de  Mund.  Sr  Barbeau  et  de  Mr.  Louviere 
qui  ont  E-tercée  Icsd.  charges  pendant  le  tems  fixé  par  le  code  du  gau- 
vcrncmeot  Et  après  avoir  mûrement  reâechi  Et  Examiné  nous  avons 
Nommé  Et  Nommons  pour  exercer  les  dîtes  Charges  de  Bifagistrats  la 
[lerswnnc  du  S''  aîmé  Compte  Et  la  personne  de  jean  B*"  jacquemain 
liabitutis  de  ce  dît  village  n'en  Connaissant  pas  dautres  plus  capable 
dexcrccr  les  dites  charges  Sur  quoy  nous  capn'  de  Milice  Et  commandant 
cy  devant  Nomnié  avons  reçu  led.  sr.  aîmé  Le  Compte  El  jean  B'* 
jacquemain  En  la  dite  qualiti!  de  Magistras  les  quels  ont  volontairement 
accepté  Icsd.  Charges  Et  promis  faire  !e  Sermant  dofficc  devant  la  Cour 
du  district  des  KasKasKîas  fait  a  Li  prairie  du  Rocher  les  jour  Et  an  Et 
avons  signé  El  fait  nos  marques  ord"" 

Makqub  ne  Joseph  terrien         At  Louviere. 


BAPTISTE 


Aymé  Comtb 

Barbau  fils 

Babbau 

JiovANi  Baptîsta  Jacomiwi 

Decochy 


■'    JEAN 

Camouns  [  ?| 
Marque  de  François  ti- 

bault 
Marque  de  L0015  ia  No- 

VitE  I?l 

\Transt'Jlion.\ 
Barbau  and  M.  Louviere  who- have  executed  the  said  duties  during 
the  time  fiwd  by  the  government  code;  and,  after  having  carefully 
considered  and  examined,  wc  have  named  and  name  for  the  said 
crf&ee  of  magistrates  the  person  of  M.  Aymé  Comte  and  the  person  of 
M.  OiovanJ  Baptist»  Jacomini/  inhabitants  of  this  village,  since  we  do 
not  know  any  others  more  capable  (o  perform  the  said  duties.  Where- 
fore, we,  captain  of  militia  and  commandant  above  named,  have 
received  the  said  M,  Aymé  Comte  and  Giovani  Baptista  Jacomini  in 
the  said  quality  of  magislTatcs,  and  they  have  willingly  accepted  the 
said  office  and  have  promised  to  take  the  oath  of  office  before  the  Court 
of  tlie  District  of  Kaskaskia.  Done  at  Prairie  du  Rocher,  the  same  day 
and  year  as  above.    Signed  and  our  marks  made. 


Mark  of  Joseph  Terkieb. 

"     "  Jean  Baptiste 

Camouns  { ?| 
Mark  of  Francois  Tibault. 
Mark  of  Louis  La  No\ile.  [? 


A.  Louviere. 
Aymé  Comte. 
Barbau,  Jr. 
Bakbau. 

GrovANi  Baptista  Jacomini. 
De  Cocm-, 
Alihaach  th«  FrcDdt  snle  bb  HUM  JicqucnilB.  he  iln^  lisud  u  gt^ntlntbetruiliiioii. 


h 


BAUVAIS  TO  LABUXIERE,  JUNE  30,    1783  393 


Antoine  BAtrv'Ais  lo  Joseph  Labuxierk,  Jimc  30,  1782 

IC.  MSS.  in  Chicago  —  A.  D.  S.J 

Au  Monsieur  Labujticre  Procureur  de  L  Etat  a  la  Prairie  durocher 
MoNsiEim, 

Vous  aures  pour  agréable  davoir  la  Bonté  d'en  voyer  par  Kcri  Le 
noms  des  témoins  que  vous  voulés  faire  paroître  Luiidy  prochain  a  la 
Cours  pour  y  itre  interrogé  Et  vous  aussi  La  Complaisance  D 'Envoj-cr 
a  la  Cours  par  Ecri  Et  de  vous  signé  Les  Interrogations  que  vous  jugéres 
apropos  Que  la  Cours  fasse  aux  dils  témoins  conccmans  Laflain-  de  M" 
Richard  Winston  Et  John  Dodge  jespcre  que  vous  fercs  Intention  a  ce 
que  jai  L'honneur  de  vous  Ecrire,  La  Cours  voulant  que  celle  affaire  ae 
decide  »*eu  que  le  Sr.  Winston  voudroit  partir. 

Jai  I^honneur  d'Être  avec  Consideration  ^Monsieur  Votre  trcs  humble 
et  très  obéissant  serviteur 

ANTOINE  Br.AUVAIS 
Pr«  ClDANl?] 

Kaskaskias  le  jo''  Juin  1782 

[Trartslaiûm.] 

To  M.  Labuxiirrc, 

Attorney  for  the  State, 

Al  Prairie  du  Rocher. 

Sm-. 

Will  you  be  so  kind  as  to  <iend  me  in  writing  the  names  of  the  «ntness- 
es  whom  you  wish  lo  have  appear  in  court,  next  Monday,  in  order  that 
they  may  be  Interviewed?  Havc  also  the  kindness  to  send  in  writing, 
signed  by  you,  the  questions  concerning  the  afTairof  MM.  Richard  Win- 
ston and  John  Dodge  which  you  may  think  fit  that  the  Court  should 
address  lo  the  said  witnes.ses.  I  hope  that  you  will  pay  attention  to  what 
1  have  the  honor  to  write  to  you,  since  the  Court  wishes  that  this  affair 
he  decided,  inasmuch  as  M.  Winston  wishes  lo  depart. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  consideration, 

Sir,  your  very  bumble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

ANTOIïm  BAm*AlS. 

President. 
KaskaiUcia,  June  30,  1783 


»<M 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Petition  or  Auerican  Skttlefs  or  Bp-LLRro^rrAiME  to  the  Coumj 
or  THE  Di^TKicr  or  Kaskaskia  cuk  Some  Foku  or  Civii, 
GovERNUEnt,  July  9,  1 782 
pC  MSS.—  A.  D.  S.] 
A  la  Respectable  cours  du  Uîstrid  des  KasKasKias 
Les  Soussign6i  onl  L'honneur  de  vous  remontrer  qu'ils  «ont  rcnus 
dans  ce  pais  cy  depuis  quellcsqucs  années  dans  le  dcsser  de  s'y  KtabUr, 
dans  ce  pais,  et  voyant  qu'ils  ne  peuvent  point  s'Etablir  dans  aucun  vil- 
liige  n'ayant  point  de  foitds,  nous  avons  pris  le  Parti  de  nous  Etablir  a  la 
bellefontaine,  nous  ne  desirous  point  Messieurs  de  faire  un  Etablisse- 
ment  Indépendant  n'y  [MS.  UicgUde]  ne  pouroit  aucunement  nuisible 
a  nos  voisins  les  anciens  cytoyens  de  ce  paûs,  contraire  nous  désirons 
Nous  Gouverner  suivant  les  loix  qui  Gouvernent  ce  pais  Et  C«>mme  nous 
n'avons  point  le  Bonheur  de  pouvoir  nous  Expliquer  ny  d 'Entendre  La 
langue  françoîse  qui  est  celle  qui  Domine  C'est  pourquoy  messieurs 
nous  vous  supplions  ainsy  que  Mr.  Richard  Winston  député  Lieutenant 
de  Comtée  de  vos  a\is  Ensamble  de  vouloir  nommer  ou  de  former  quel- 
que regulation  Par  le  Quel  nous  pouvrons  maintenir  le  Bon  ordre  chcs 
nous.  Ou  de  nommer  quelqu'un  Pennis  nous  ou  de  nous  En  Laisser 
nommer  un  et  qu'il  sera  comnûssioné  Comme  de  Coutume  dans  ce  pais 


\Transialion.\ 
To  the  Honorable  Court  ot  the  Dislrict  of  Kaskaskîa. 
The  undersigned  have  the  honor  to  shmv  you  that  lliey  came  into 
this  country  a  few  years  ago  with  the  desire  of  settling  in  this  country 
and,  since  they  were  unable  to  settle  in  any  village,  not  having  any  funds, 
they  decided  to  settle  at  Beltefontalne.  We  do  not  desire,  gentlemen, 
to  form  an  independent  settlement  [nor  one]  that  would  be  in  anywise 
detrimental  to  our  neighbors,  the  first  citizens  of  this  countr)-.  On  the 
contrary,  we  desire  to  govern  ourselves  according  to  the  laws  which 
govern  this  country,  and,  as  we  have  not  the  good  fortune  to  be  able  to 
explain  ourselves  in,  or  to  understand,  the  French  language  which  is  the 
one  in  use,  it  Is  for  this  reason  that  we,  gentlemen,  pray  you  as  well 
as  M.  Richard  Winston,  deputy  lieutenant  of  the  county,  with  your 
joint  advice  to  consent  to  name  or  to  form  some  kind  of  regulation  by 
which  we  may  be  able  to  maintain  good  order  among  us,  either  by  nam- 
ing some  one  amongst  us  or  by  allowing  us  to  name  one,  who  shall  be 


A  PETITION  FOR  CIVIL  GOVERNMENT,  JULY  9,   1783    295 


par  lequel  moyen  nous  iwiu\Tons  vivre  En  union  avec  les  autres  villages  et 
que  la  paix  et  la  tranquille  et  le  Bon  ordre  sera  parmis  nous  même  c'est 
notre  sincere  desire  avec  lequel  nous  avons  Lhonneur  dêtre  avec  un 
profonds  respects 

Vos  très  humbles  &  Et  très  ob- 
eïssans  semteurs 
signé    James  Moore 

James  Gakitsun 
Samuel  henlev 
Lato.v  White 
Aaron  Pooh 
James  Gray 


Messieurs 

James  Bvrom 

[MS.  iUesibl^]  — 

te 

a 

FLENERY 

u 

FLENEBY 

11 

ELENERY 

u 

ELENEHY 

Vu  ta  requête  cy  dessus  et  de  l'autre  par  la  cours  de  ce  dit  District  La 
qu'elle  ordonne  que  Tous  les  cy  dessus  nommas  ayant  a  se  presenter 
En  personne  devant  laditte  cours  ou  un  juge  de  i)aîx  qui  le  choiscront 
parmis  Kux  le  scplîcmc  jour  du  mois  d'aousl,  pnx:httin  pour  y  prctter  le 
serment  de  fidélité  aux  Etals  et  un  autre  serment  de  soutenir  celte  cours 


[Translolùm] 

commissioned  as  is  customary  with  the  other  ullages.  And  that  peace. 
tranquillity,  and  good  order  shall  be  among  us  is  the  sincere  desire  with 
which  wc  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  profound  respect,' 

Gentlemen,  your  M;r)'  humlilfi  and  very  obedient  serrants 
jAitES  BvBON.  (Signed)  Jamks  Moore. 

1-1^5.  tllegibie]  —  te.  James  Garitson. 

"  Flenery.  Samuel  Henley. 

**  Flenery.  Laton  White. 

**  Flenery.  Aakon  Poor. 

**  Flekeky.  Jaues  Gray. 


In  consideration  of  the  petition,  above  and  on  the  other  side,  the 
Court  of  the  afortsaid  district  «irders  that  all  the  above  named  persons  are 
to  present  themselves  in  jicrson  liefore  the  said  Court,  or  by  a  ju3licc  of 
the  peace  whom  they  shall  chase  amongst  themselves,  on  the  seventh 
day  of  the  month  of  next  .August,  in  order  to  take  the  oath  of  fidelity  to 

>  Cotttult  ta.  Sill.  CatUttimt,  il.,  |i.  oniL 


3r)6 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Mandons  &c  laît  el  doimé  En  U  ditle  cours  L'audUnce  y  tenant  Ic 
Mardy  neuvième  JuUlit  1783 

ANTOINE  BAUVAIS  J.  P. 

[Transtation.\ 
Ihc  states  and  another  oath  to  sustain  this  Court:  we  decree,  etc.     Done 
Mid  given  in  the  said  Court,  white  in  session,  Tuesday,  July  9,  1783. 

ANTOtKE  BAtrVAJS,   J.  P. 

Election  at  Bellepontaine,  August  5,  178» 

[K.  MSS.-  A.  D.  SO 

Bellcfontain  August  the  5lh  17S3 
An  Kllcaion  was  held  for  a  Magistrate  and  the  Voals  stands  as 
(ollows 

For  Mr.  Nicholas  Smith,  ten  Voats 
For  Mr.  James  Garretson,  five  Voats 
Jakes  Mooee 
Capt. 
To  the  Worshipful!  Court  at  Kaskaskia» 


pRANCtSCO  CRUZAT  to  THE  MaOISTRATES  OP  THE  CoURT  AT 

Kaskasicia,  August  4,  [782 
[K-MSS.— A.  D.  S.] 
A  L'illustre  rour  des  Kaskaskias 
Messieurs, 

Les  troubles  survenus  dernièrement  sur  Le  Mississippi  Par  un 
nombre  de  rebelles  et  de  Brigands  qui  conimetent  les  hostilinb  les  plus 
aÉfreuscs  sur  les  suj<5t3  de  sa  Majesté  catholique  de  cette  colonie  et  qui 
sous  le  nom  d'ameriquains  vont  se  réfugier  à  nos  Postes  Pour  ensuite 

[Translation.] 
To  the  Illustrious  Court  of  Kaskaskia. 

GENTtEMEN  : 

The  trcrtibles,  which  have  taken  place  recently  on  the  Mississippi, 
occasioned  by  a  number  of  rebels  and  outlaws  who  arc  committing  tbe 
most  atrocious  acts  ol  hostility  against  the  subjects  of  his  Catholic 
Majesty  belonging  lo  this  colony,  some  of  whom,  under  the  name  o{ 
Americans,  come  to  lake  refuge  in  our  posts  in  order  to  give  warning 


CRUZAT  TO   MAGISTRATES,  AUGUST  4,  1783 


397 


donner  avis  à  ces  mêmes  malfacteurs  de  nos  manoeuvres  afin  qu'infor- 
ma ils  Puissent  avec  surété  travailler  à  Nous  Nuire  se  mêlant  souvent 
eux  mêmes  avec  ces  bandes  obligent  le  gouvernement  general  de  cette 
Province  de  Prendre  les  mesures  les  plus  sages  Pour  mettre  un  à  ces 
pirateries  et  de  donner  des  ordres  Précis  aux  commandants  des  Postes 
subalternes  Pour  qu'ils  anelent  toutes  personnes  qui  Passeront  Par 
Leurs  dits  Postes  sans  un  Passeport  signé  des  commandants  Espagnols 
en  concequence  je  vous  Prénens,  Messieurs,  Que  toux  ceux  qui  descend- 
ront de  Votre  Partie  orientalle  des  Illinois  à  la  Nouvelle  Orléans  ou  à 
d'autres  D'autres  [sic]  lieux  de  cette  dittcs  Province  sans  mon  Passeport 
seront  arrêtés  Par  les  commandants  des  Forts  des  deux  rives  du  Missis- 
sipi  ce  qui  pourroit  Nuire  beaucoup  à  Votre  commerce  et  Pour  qu'il 
ny  ait  aucune  alternative  Je  vous  expédierai  à  Votre  gré  les  Passeports 
que  Vous  me  demaaderés  Pour  Le  bas  de  la  Susditte  Province. 
J'ai  l'honneur  d'être  avec  consideration 

Votre  très  humble  &  UH 
Messieurs  obéissant  Serviteur 

S'  Louis  des  Illinois  FaAKn>  Cruzat 

le  4*  août  1783. 

[Trotfsiatùm.] 
concerning  our  movements  to  those  same  malefaalors,  so  that,  being 
informed,  they  may  be  able  with  safely  to  work  for  our  deslrudion. 
Anil  since  these  men  often  unite  with  these  bands,  the  i«ntrul  govern- 
ment of  this  province  h  obligett  to  take  the  safest  measures  to  put  an 
end  10  these  arts  of  piracy  and  lo  give  definile  orders  to  the  commandants 
of  the  subordinate  jKista  to  arrest  all  [«rsciaH  who  shall  pass  by  their 
said  posts  without  a  passport  signed  by  the  Spanish  commandants. 
Therefore,  I  give  you  warning,  gentlemen,  that  all  those  who  shall  go 
down  from  your  eastern  part  of  lllinoistoNewOrkans,  or  to  other  places 
of  this  said  province,  without  my  i>as3port  will  Iw  arrested  by  the  com- 
mandants of  the  forts  of  lioth  shores  of  the  Afiasissippi.  Since  this 
anion,  for  which  there  is  no  alternative,  may  harm  considerably  your 
commerce,  I  will  draw  up  for  you,  at  your  pleasure,  the  passports  for 
the  lower  part  of  the  above  mentioned  pnunnce,  which  you  may  demand. 
I  have  the  honor  to  Iw  with  consideration, 

Gentlemen,  your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

Franco  Cruzat.' 

St.  Louis  of  Illinois,  Auguitt  4,  178a. 

^  (Vual  vu  the  5p>nith  cmnnuiulBni  ol  St   Laub.    Coaiull  Ihe  lain  d  lloack,  Bia.  •/  Ubt 


398 


U.IJNOIS  HISTORIC'VL  COLLECTIONS 


FRANCUiCO  CaUZAT   to   THE   MACISTKATES  OF  X8£  CgORT  AT 

K.ASKASK1A,   August  24  178a 

[K.  MSS.—  A.  I^  S.] 

A  Messieurs  de  L'ilustre  Court  des  Kaskaskias 
Messieurs, 

L«  S'  Auguste  Chouteau  Citoyen  de  ce  Poste  S*  Louis  va  a  votre 
ville  Cummc  cliargd  de  Procuralton  du  S'  Cliarles  Graliot  i>our  soliciter 
le  payement  par  devant  vous  d'une  Somme  D'environs  onze  mille 
Livres  qui  Sont  ducs  par  M'  Carbonau  au  d*  S'  gratiot  en  Consequence 
j'espcrc  Messieurs  qu'en  vertu  de  L'alliance  (|ui  retgnc  entre  les  étals 
unis  de  L'amcrique  Septentrion  a  Ile  et  la  Cour  d'Eiqmgne  que  vous 
voudrcs  bien  rendre  au  d*  S'  Chouteau  la  mtmc  juitîfc  que  je  distribue 
avec  légalité  au  Sujeis  amcriquains  qui  Se  pn^scntent  a  mon  tribunal 
avec  juste  Cause  et  Comme  celle  qui  fait  agir  le  d'  S""  Chouteau  est  je 
croîs  Suffiaameni  Constatiï  et  liîgitimc  je  Suis  pérsuadtî  qu'il  trouvera 
en  vos  lumières  tout  la  justice  qu'il  peut  éspcrer  de  L'iîquitiî  de  Ses 
demcndcâ. 

je  dtfsire  Messieurs  que  les  occasions  de  vous  lemoigncr  les  d<;sirs 
que  j'ai  de  vous  Convaincre  de  mon  dévouement  Se  présentent  autant 

[TratislalioJi.] 
To  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Illustrious  Court  of  Kaslcaskia. 
Gentlemen: 

M.  Auguste  Clioutcau,  a  citizen  of  this  post  of  St.  Louis,  goes  to  your 
village,  intrusted  with  power  of  attorney  by  M.  Charles  Graliot,  to  solicit 
before  you  the  payment  of  a  sum  of  some  eleven  thousand  livra  which 
M.  Carbonoeaux  owes  to  the  said  M.  Gratiot.  Therefore,  I  hope, 
gentlemen,  that  in  virtue  of  the  alliance  which  reigns  between  the  United 
States  of  North  America  and  the  court  of  Spain,  you  will  be  kijid  enough 
to  render  to  the  said  M.  Chouteau  the  same  justice  which  I  legally 
administer  lo  American  subjects  who  present  themselves  wiih  a  just 
cause  befnrc  my  tribunal,  and  inasmuch  as  the  cause  which  brings  M. 
Chouteau  is,  t  Iwlicve,  sufficiently  established  and  legal,  I  am  jKrsuaiied 
that  he  will  find  Wforc  you  all  the  justice  which  he  can  expect  from  the 
equity  of  his  demands. 

I  desirCf  gcnllcmen,  that  the  occasions  of  proving  my  dc-sîrc  to 
convince  you  of  my  zeal  may  present  themselves  as  many  limes  as 


NOTICE  OF  SALE,  AUGUST  34,  1782  999 

de  fois  que  je  .snits  de  vmia  prouver  que  j'ai  1,'honneur  d'être  av«r 
une  parfaite  Con&idcrdlîon 

Messieurs,  Votre  trts  humble  cl  très  obei&sani  Serviteur 

Franco  Cruzat 

a.  S*  Louis  des  Illinois  ce  24  aoust  1783. 

{Translation. \ 

I  am  ready  te  prove  lo  you  itut  I  have  ihc  honor  to  lie,  with  a  perfect 

considérai  ii>ii,  };ciiik*men, 

Vaur  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

Fran«>  Crdzat. 
At  Si.  Louis  of  Illinois,  August  24,  1789. 

NoïicE  OF  Sale  or  Proprrty  or  David  Kicks,  August  34,  178s 

[K.  MSS .—  A.  U.  S.] 
En  vertu  d'une  ordonnance  Emené  6eri  facias  de  la  Cours  de  ce 
Dit  Dislrii:t  En  duttc  du  quinzième  Mars  dernier  Et  a  la  requisition 
du  Sr.  Joscpli  LaLfUxiere  Pour  lors  Procureur  de  LEtat  il  sera  procédé 
demain  a  Lis&ue  de  la  pHere  de  cette  paroisse  a  la  vente  des  effets 
a[>partenants  a  David  Hicks  confisqué  pour  cause  de  Vagabondage  où 
toutes  personnes  seront  reçu  a  Enclierir  El  payant  de  prix  de  leur 
Enchère  En  piastres  Bon  Espagnols  suif  a  Wngt  sols  farine  Irent  livres 
tout  comptant  avant  de  placer  les  Effets  au  Greffe  de  ce  Dît  District. 
KasKasKias  le  34  aoust  1783  CARBCNNF.Ain( 

Notaire 
[TranslaliùH.] 

In  virtue  of  the  issuance  of  an  order  fi^ri  facias^  from  the  Court  of 
this  said  District,  dated  the  fifteenth  of  last  March,  and  at  the  rc<juisi- 
tion  of  M.  Joseph  Labuxiere,  the  present  slate's  attorney,  to-morrow 
after  the  dose  of  mass  in  this  parish,  there  aball  take  place  a  sale  of  the 
properly  lielonging  to  Da%nd  Hicks,  which  was  confiscated  for  the  cause 
of  vagraniy,  at  which  time  all  persons  will  be  allowed  to  bid  who  pay 
the  price  of  their  bid  in  good  Spanish  piastres,  reckoning  tallow  at  twenty 
sols  and  flour  at  thirty  liîres,  all  in  cash  payments  before  the  delivery  of 
the  projjeriy  at  the  clerk's  office  of  this  district. 

Kaskaskia,  August  34, 1783.  Cakbonneaitx, 

Notary. 


lTtiitmd,y  IwlbedoKtdtluiIirinrcuiloDcif  iht^  Anrnictuwhii}!  bemiia  veor  bWm-,inacoDani 
ill  nUcb  tua  been  «rrillm  by  Mû»  ll>y  AUIiuoa  In  thv  7>>mMiuw«i  of  ihr  III,  Su»  Hlil.  Sacitlr> 
■OMlip- 118.  Thv  ilfioimeal  tun]  byMli«A[liii«aD  In  wriilaq  the  aconuai  ït  vrry  liMvgaiul  lull  olrn»i 
rikioM:  and  no  inlfvnutian,  not  IQ  be  found  in  Ihr  arlick  iriTli  ks  niim*rûus  quoiniiani,  fan  6c 
fl(U«il  from  th«  dflcunest  ludl.  For  tbcw  r«uon*  k  iun  bcca  cawidtred  bat  to  oroji  (i  (nm  ihii 
«iltgfaa. 


3<» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Francisco  Crvzat  to  the  Magistbatxs  or  tbe  CoiniT  at  Kasxaskia, 

Septemlier  i,  178a 
[K.  MSS.-  A.  L.  S.] 
Messieurs  d'illustre  Cour  des  Kaskaskîas.    MESSiEuits, 

Le  S'  Auguste  Chouteau  Xcgoriant  de  ce  Poste  S*  Ix>uîs  m'»  pr&cnté 
la  rcqufic  que  je  vous  envois  ci  jointe,  à  (in  que  vous  ayez  la  complaiscncc 
de  lui  faire  la  justice  q  [MS.  lam]  éspérc  de  vôtre  Equité;  et  je  suis 
persuadé  que  tant  dan,s  cette  occasion,  comme  en  toute  autre  vous 
voudrez  bien  cnncourrir  avec  moi  à  ta  Conscr^'arlon  de  L'union,  et 
bonne  Correspondence  qui  reigne  entre  nos  deux  parlies,  et  dont  nos 
Métropoles  nous  fournissent  un  puissant  example  que  nous  devons 
imiter  en  rendant  rcciproqucmcnt  dans  nos  Tcibunaux  une  aussi 
équitable  justice  ixix  Sujets  de  Sa  Magesté  trH  Catholique,  qu'a  ceux 
des  Etats  Unis  de  L'amerique  Septrionale,  par  ce  moyen  nous  éviterons 
de  fâcheuses  Conséquences  à  L'une,  cl  à  L'autre  partie,  qui  est  je  croîs 
le  principal  de  nos  devoirs,  et  Sur  Ic4|uc1  table  la  félicité  du  pais,  que 
de  ma  part  je  désire  voire  croitre,  et  non  troublée,  pour  me  Conformer 
aux  ordres  que  [MS.  torn]  reçu  du  Gouvernement  général  de  ceitc  prov- 
ince de  la  Louisianne    J'ai  L'honneur,  etc. 

A  S»  Louis  des  ilinois  ce  1  Sept"  1782.  Franco  Cruzat 

[TransialioH.] 
Ta  (be  Gentlemen  of  tbe  Illustrious  Court  of  Kaskaskîa.    Gentlemen: 

M.  Auguste  Chouteau,  a  merchant  at  the  post  of  St.  Louis,  pre- 
sented tu  mc  the  petition  which  I  am  sending  you,  herein  enclosed,  in 
order  that  yuu  may  be  kind  enough  to  do  him  the  juiitice  (which  be] 
expects  from  your  sense  of  justice  ;  and  I  am  persuaded  that  in  this  occa- 
sion, as  in  all  others,  you  will  co-operate  with  me  in  the  preser^-atJoa  of 
the  union  and.  the  good  relations  which  exist  between  the  two  sides  and 
of  which  OUT  mother  countries  fumlsli  us  a  striking  example,  which 
we  must  imitate  by  rendering  In  our  tribunaU  on  Ixith  sides  a  justice 
as  equitable  to  the  subjects  of  His  Majesty  Very  Calholic  as  to  the  sub- 
jects of  the  United  Stales  of  North  America.  By  this  means  wc  shall 
avoid  unpleasant  consequences  to  Inilh  lianks;  and  this  is,  I  believe, 
our  chief  duty  and  on  this  depends  the  felicity  of  the  country,  which 
I  desire  to  see  growing  and  not  troubled,  so  as  to  conform  with  the  ortlers 
which  [I  have]  received  from  the  general  government  of  this  proviace 
of  Louisiana.     I  have  the  honor,  etc. 

At  St.  Louis  of  Illinois  September  i,  1783.  Franco  Cruzat. 


n 


AX  ELECTION.  SEPTEMBER  15.  17$» 


3°« 


Election',  September  15,  17S2 
pC  MSS.—  D.  S.] 
1789  7^"  •■  15    NoMinasioD  par  Les  abitan  des  Ma^stra  pour  La 
Omr  Des  g««g««gâ  SCavoir  * 


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■TnuuUitlon:  September  15,  17B*.  NwnbuUloa,  b7  tbe  InhaUUnti,  of  the  mifiiUatci  for  the 
Court  ol  Kaskaakbi.  To  wit: 

■  Namei  of  the  Inh&bituiti. 

*  Jean  file.  St.  Gonme  BaunUa. 

*FmicoU  Conet  wm  elected  «ccordinf  (o  the  cntilicale  at  the  cod  of  the  document.  HU 
Dune  doei  not  appear  oD  the  ballot  ihcct,  but  Colo  Mcnw  to  have  received  luffidcnt  voiea  to  br 
elected.     Probably  thi*  itaud»  for  Colood  and  b  «  tlUc  flmt  to  Coiwl. 


302  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

[CctUinued  on  th«  reverse.} 
Suite  de  lautre  par  ' 

Lontal  Cb«rlr  Bic  bJrk 

U  botCM  Clurk*ilk  Jwlw  Uaiîoli 

Sult«lrSl.}aminrDMKaM.  /  /  / 

Sdi*  de  Mr  Colo / 

Sullr  de  nuroy / 

SkIip  de  ricUr / 

Suilr  de  Cboruff. / 

Siih*  (ht  Bu  Jub* / 

LmrtWDt / 

■WM / 

Lnr  biaw  Sali*  ......... 

F.n  Vertu  de  I,'(?lectinn  du  quinzième  du  Present  mois  mil  sept 
Cent  quatre;*ingt  deux  Le  Public:  asscmbi*:  a  rmmmd  Pour  Magistrats 
de  la  Cour  du  district  des  KjisKwsKias  Les  sieurs  aimé  Lecomte  pour 
President  de  La  Comt<5,  du  Dît  District  Kt  I^s  Sieurs  vital  Bcauvals 
Jean  Bap**  Bcauvais,  (ranç-ni-s  Charlcvillc,  francois  Corset  Louis  Bra- 
zeaux  Et  aotoine  Morin  Pour  magistral  qui  ont  Prêté  Le  Serment 
d'ofice,  Et  de  fidélité  Et  [sic]  -ettc  qualité  a  La  Republique  de  la  virgioic 
Les  quels  Sont  a  L'instant  comparu  El  ont  signé  Les  d"  Jours  Et  an 
sus  dit  Vitale  Bauvais  jean  Baptiste  SAt^vAis 

FR  CHARLKVILLE  KVJCt  COMTE 

\F.ndorsed:\    Election  faite  des  magistrat  de  la  Cour  des  District  des 
K&sKasKias  le  i;»"»  i^  1782 

[Translatîcn  .\ 

In  virtue  of  the  election  of  ilic  fifteenth  of  the  present  month,  178», 
the  public  a!«cmbly  has  named  for  magi.<itrates  of  the  court  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Kaskaskia  M.  Aymé  Comte  for  president  of  the  court  of  the 
said  district  and  MM.  Vital  Bauvais,  Jean  Baptiste  Bauvais,  François 
Charleville,  François  Corset,  Louis  BraiMiauj,  and  Antoine  Morin  for 
magistrates,  who  have  taken  the  oaih  of  office  and  of  fidelity  in  this 
quality  to  the  Republic  of  Virgioia;  and  they  have  now  appeared  and 
have  signed  the  above  said  day  aud  year. 

Vital  Bauvais.  Jkan  Baptiste  Bauvak. 

Fr.  CuAHLEvaLE.  Aymé  Comte. 

[Endùrsed:]    Eleclioa  made  of  Magistrates  of  the  Court  of  the  District 

of  Kaskaskia,  ^plember  15,  i;Sj 

■  TruuUtlon  :   BrauK<it  farnard  itun  the  olher  iid«  of  Ihe  fkPV. 

Bcre  [hr  ballot  iticci  b  nvFruil  and  itie  rumn  a(  tlie  cuwiiuia  aie  h  the  vnllal  oiliiina  uid 
Uk  nunc*  ol  tlx  votm  al  tht  lop  of  Iht  imfc. 


CARBONNEAUX  TO  THE  COURT,  SEPT.    ij,    1782        303 

Casbonneadx  to  Tin:  Magistrates  of  the  Couxt  at  Kaskaskia, 
September  1$,  1782. 

[K.  MSS.—  A.  D.  S.] 
Messieuhs, 

Mes  affaires  Particulières  me  Donnent  Beaucoup  d'occupations 
Qui  m'obligent  de  vous  prévenir  que  par  la.  présente  Je  remets  a  la 
Cour  La  charge  de  Greffier  Dont  J'avots  été  pourvu  par  [MS.  HiegiMe] 
En  consequence  ces  mêmes  affaires  m'occupent  tellement  qu'elles  ne 
Peuvent  me  les  laisser  un  moment  vastes,  C'est  Pourquoy  Messieurs 
Je  vous  préviens  que  la  Cours  aye  a  se  pourvoir  D'une  autre  Place  pour 
y  tenir  sceance  Ce  qui  me  mortifie  Beaucoup  de  ne  pouvoir  obliger  Le 
Public  comme  J'ai  cy  devant  fais. 

J'ai  L'honneur  d'être  avec  respect  Mcwieurs  Vutre  très  humble 
Et  tn-s  obéissant  serviteur 

Carbonneaux 
KasKasKias  16  7^'''  17S3 

Enregistre  au  (ïn:ffc  de  la  Conte  des  Illim)Ls  Pages  19,  folio  45  Par 
nous  notaire  Publie  et  (ïrefficr  de  la  (^unti^e  des  Iltinoîs  KasKasKias 
le  seizième  y'^'mil  sept  cent  Quatrevingt  deux. 

Carbonneaux 

Greffier  de  la  Cùnlé. 

[Translaiiûn.] 
Gentlemen  : 

My  private  affairs  keep  me  so  busy  that  they  oblige  me  to  notify 
you  by  this  letter  that  I  resign  to  the  Court  the  office  of  clerk  to  which 
office  I  was  appointed  by  b'ou].  Because  these  same  affairs  keep  me  so 
busy  that  they  do  not  leave  mc  a  spare  moment,  therefore,  gentlemen, 
I  notify  you  that  the  Court  should  jirovide  for  itself  some  other  place 
for  holding  its  sessions.  I  regret  very  much  not  to  be  able  to  serve  the 
people  as  heretofore. 

I  have  the  honour  to  !>e  with  rfs|>ecl, 

Gentlemen,  your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

Carbonneaux. 
Kaskaskia,  Septemlwr  16,  i;82. 

Registered  in  the  ck'rk's  offîrc  of  the  County  nf  Illinois,  page  19, 
folio  45  by  us  notary  public  and  clerk  of  the  County  of  Illinou;. 

Carbonneaux, 

Clerk  of  the  County. 


3o!l  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


RicHAiU)  Winston  to  the  Magistrates  oï  the  Count  at  Kaskaskia, 

September  ij,  178a 

tin.  C  T.  MSS.—  A.  D.  S.] 
Messieurs, 

C'est  avec  Joye  que  J'ay  ru  L'issu  de  L'assemblée  que  vous  avez 
fait  puur  Klire  I^s  nouveaux  Magistrats;  ma.  j'oye  a  été  encore  plua 
grande  en  Voyant  que  nos  concitoyens  ont  choisi  des  braw  gens  digne 
de  confience  de  tout  Le  monde  et  que  leurs  Sentiments  Sera  de  Soutenir 
la  Police  ainsi  que  de  rendre  La  Justice  impartialle  Et  Le  bon  ordre  a 
touttes  Personnes  qui  pamitrons  dans  votre  tribunal  ;  que  les  Plaignant, 
ou  defandant,  Soit  de  L'autre  Rive  ou  de  Cette  cy.  Car  il  Est  de  notre 
devoir  de  maintenir  la  bonne  Intelligence  Entre  nous,  nos  amis,  et 
alliés,  Messieurs  les  Espagnol. 

Vu  que  votre  assemblée  est  assiî  Empte  pour  réfléchir,  et  consider, 
touttes  les  circonstances  qui  concerne  L'administration  de  La  Justice, 
C'est  pourquoy  Je  vous  prie,  Messicur  de  Nommer  un  liuïssïer,  ou  plus 
cy  vous  le  Jugé  Convenable,  pour  porter  vos  assignations,  aîn^  que  de 
faire  mettre  a  Execution  toutte  I>es  Sentences  de  La  Cour;  Jusqu'à 
present  mms  avons  Expérience  que  Les  officiers  de  Milice  ainsy  que 
les  fusîlliers  ont  ct^  toujours  Prest  a  Soutenir  Les  Magistrats; 

[Transtatùm.] 
Gentlemen  : 

It  is  with  joy  that  I  haw  seen  the  result  of  the  assembly  which  you 
held  to  elect  the  new  magistrates.  My  joy  was  even  greater  on  seeing 
that  our  feUow-citizens  have  chosen  honest  men  worthy  of  tlie  confi- 
dence of  everybody  and  that  their  sentiment  will  be  in  favor  of  sustain- 
ing the  police  as  well  as  to  render  impartial  justice  and  good  order  to 
all  persons  who  shall  appear  in  your  tribunal,  whether  the  plaintiffs 
or  defendants  be  of  the  other  bank  or  of  this  ;  for  it  is  our  duty  to  keep 
OD  good,  terms  with  our  friends  and  allies,  the  Spaniards. 

Seeing  that  your  assembly  is  large  enough  to  reflect  upon  and  con- 
sider alt  the  circumstances  which  concern  the  administration  of  justice, 
I  beg  of  you,  gentlemen,  to  name  a  huissier,  or  more  iS  you  deem  it 
necessary,  to  serve  your  summons  as  well  as  to  put  into  execution  all 
the  sentences  of  the  Court.  Up  to  the  present  we  have  found  that  the 
military  officers  as  well  as  the  fusiliers  have  always  been  ready  to  sustain 
the  magistrates. 


SUMMONS  TO  THK  JUDGES,  SEPTEMBER  17,  1782      305 

Jc  souhaite  que  Lc  Zcl  avec  I>c  quel  Vous  vous  <?tent  Comporté 
jusqu'à  present  ]>our  La  Cause  Commune  continuera,  et  que  l'union, 
et  la  bfinne  harmonie,  rcignera  parmi  nous,  Ce  Sont  les  Désirs  ardcns 
de  celuy  qui  a  L'honneur  d'i-lrc  avec  une  Estime  Sincere. 

Messieurs  *-otre  très  humble  Kl  très  obcissani  Scritcur 

Rich.  Winston 

KasKasKJas  Le  17""  7^"*  178a. 
[Addressed:]    A  Messieurs  les  Magistrats  de  la  Respectable  Cour  de 

District  des  Kaskaskiaa. 
[Endorsed:]    Lettre  de  Monsieur  Winston  £crittc  a  Messieurs  Les 
magistrats  de  la  cour  des  fCaskaskias. 

[Translaliûti.] 

l  hope  that  the  zeal  with  which  you  have  comported  yourselves,  till 
now,  for  the  cummon  cause  will  continue,  and  that  union  and  good 
harmony  will  reign  among  us;  these  arc  the  earnest  desires  of  him 
who  has  the  honor  to  be,  with  a  sincere  esteem, 

Gentlemen,  )'our  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

KicHAKD  Winston. 

Kaskaskia,  September  17,  1782. 
[Addressed:]    To   the    Magistrates   of   the    Honcrable    Court   of  the 

District  of  Kaskaskia. 
[Endorsed:]    Letter  of  M.  Winston  written  to  the  Magistrates  of  the 

Court  uf  Kaskaskia. 


RiCHASD  Winston  Issues  a  Suuhons  to  rat  Junazs, 
September  17,  1782. 
{M  C.  T.  MSS.— A.D.  S.J 
A  Messieurs  Jean  Baptist  Beauvais,  Louis  Brozeau  Francois  Charle- 
viile  et  Corset 

MCSSŒUKS, 

Ayent  Eté  Choisi  Par  le  Peuple  pour  leurs  Juge  et  Magistrate  il 

[Transhtifitt.] 

To  Messieurs  Jean  Baptiste  Bauvais,  Louûs  Brazeaux»  François 
Charleville  and  Corset. 
Genti^men  : 

Since  you  have  been  chosen  by  the  people  for  their  judges  and  magis- 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

vous  est  ainry  Enjoynt  de  vous  y  Trouver  ce  matia  a  U  Cour  Pour 
Prêter  !c  Serment  Prescrit  et  prendre  Siege 

Ricao  Winston* 
Mardy  17"*  yt»»  ,^3^ 

[Translation.] 
tratcs,  you  are  herewith  summoned  to  appear  in  Court  this  monitng  to 
lake  the  prescribed  oath  and  to  enter  into  your  office.' 

RicuASD  Winston. 
Tuesday,  September  17,  17H3. 


François  Cakbonnkaox  Sells  thr  Notariat,  Sepieml>er  iS,  1782 

[K.  MSS.—  Court  Reconl,  f .  a  *] 

Quil  soit  notoire  a  tout  qu'il  appartiendra  scavois  que  nous  fran$ois 
Carbonncaux  notaire  public  et  greffier  En  toute  La  Contée  des  Illinois 
au  District  des  KasKasKia  y  resident  souaaigné  poroise  de  l'immaculée 
Conception  de  notre  dame  déclarons  et  Confesson  Par  ces  présentes 
avoir  Vwrê  wndu  ceddé  el  transporté  notre  Elude  Et  greffe  avec  tous  les 
autres  offices  De  notaire  cy  joints  El  loua  les  pouvoirs  dont  nous  sommes 
rwctus  hs  droits  attachés  au  notariat  pour  l'espace  d'une  année  plus  ou 
moinsdattedesdittes  présentes  sans  en  excepter  aucuns  que  Le  droit  De 
travailler  d'ycy  a  notre  prochain  depart  de  ce  lieu  comme  cy  devant  a  M. 

[Transiaiion.] 
Let  it  be  known  to  all  whom  it  may  concern  that  we,  François  Car- 
bonneaux,  notary  public  and  clerk  in  all  the  County  of  Illinois  in  the 
District  of  Kaskaskia,  there  residing  in  the  parish  of  the  Immaculate 
Conception  of  Our  Lady,  declare  and  confess  by  these  presents  that  we 
have  deliverefl,  sold,  ceded,  and  transferred  our  practice  and  files  with 
all  the  other  functions  of  notar)*  therewith  joined,  all  the  powers  with 
which  we  are  invested,  and  the  rights  attached  to  the  notarial,  for  ihe 
space  of  one  year,  more  or  less,  dating  fr<ïm  these  presents,  without 
withholding  any  of  them  except  the  right  to  practice  as  herebcforc 
between  now  and  the  lime  of  our  departure,  to  M.  Pierre  Laaglois, 

Ut  will  br  ttulicnl  bv  ihrrlrcikinibKi  lti*t  bMiilet  tbcMfour, -Votaiac  Mnrio  «nd  Vlul  Bao- 

nb  Wff«  ai»  cl(x:lc<I.  Prrhapi  Winston  lbuu|t'>>  ti"!  wn*  no)  rlijiriilr  >4!\tr  thrj  luH  trrvrd  U 
Judn*  prevknitli.  J'hr  CiMirl  mU  nr>  atloiiinn  la  InM  ambntan  liy  Viiiulan,  aad  IxMh  acted  m 
jutona.    S«c/Kif. p-109:  tXtofa.Biti.  ColUdiemt.W  ,c«vj. 

■  T«wanb  llv  nul  iil  (liii  cnurl  tctfird  the  numlien  of  Ibt  Mît»  bcsùi  ii«iio  ni  im«,  mm*  a  ocw 
dark.  Ptrrrc  Lautui*.  camv  Into  oflic*. 


CARBONNEAUX    SELLS  NOTARIAT    SEPTEMBER  i8,  1782      307 

• 

Pierre  Langlois  a  \c  present  arcqrtant  pour  luy  se*  hoirs  Et  ayans  Caus- 
es Les  dits  notariat  greffe  et  autres  papiers  y  jainls  pour  prix  et  sommes 
de  Deux  milles  ]i\Tes  que  ledit  Sr.  I-anglois  a  compte  a  [Line  missing] 
payment  dun  restant  de  billet  dont  il  En  est  Content  et  .satisfait  dont 
ledit  vendeur  quitte  Ijxiît  Sr.  achepteur  lui  l--t  tout  autre  qui!  appartien- 
dra dont  quittance  &c  Et  par  claux  Expresse  Entre  Lcsdils  vendeur  et 
achepteur,  s'il  arrivoit  que  l^ed^  Carborvncaux  viendcroît  a  ramhourrcr 
audit  achepteur  Ladittc  somme  de  deux  milles  livres.  Ledit  achepteur 
sobligc  lui  remettre  avant  où  aprtîs  l'année  Expire  En  quelque  temps 
qu'il  pourra  luy  remettre  T^i  diltc  somme  tous  papiers  greffe  charjçc  oflïrc 
qu'il  reçoit  le  present  jour  avec  tous  c<^ux  qu'il  pourra  faire  pendant  sa 
joissance  En  qualité  soit  de  notaire  ou  de  greffier  Car  aitL<>y  a  Eté  con- 
venus Et  at-rordé  Entre  les  parties  El  pour  L'Execution  des  présentes 
&:c  promeltajit  &c  obligeant  &c  fait  et  passé  En  Etude  du  dit  notaire 
soussigné  l'an  de  grace  Sept  cent  quatrevingt  deux  Et  le  dix  huitième 
jour  du  mois  de  Septembre  après  midy  et  avons  signés  après  Lecture 
fut. 

[  TransUUicn.] 
who  accepts  for  hia  heirs  and  assigns  the  said  notariat,  office,  and  other 
papers  joined  thereto,  for  the  price  and  sum  of  two  thousand  livres,  which 
the  said  M.  Langlois  has  accounted  [line  missing]  payment  re- 
maining of  the  note  with  which  he  is  content  and  satîslîed  and  for  which 
the  seller  gives  the  purchaser  and  any  other  whom  it  may  concern  a 
quittance,  etc.  And  by  an  express  clause  matic  between  the  said  seller 
and  purchaser  it  is  understood  that,  if  the  said  Carbonneaux  should 
reimburse  the  said  purchaser  the  said  sum  of  two  thousand  Ihres,  the 
said  purchaser  binds  himself  to  return  to  the  said  seller,  at  any  time 
before  or  after  the  expiration  of  the  year,  all  the  papers,  files,  functions 
and  office,  which  he  received  the  present  day,  together  with  all  those 
papers  which  he  may  have  drawn  up  during  his  enjoyment  of  the  office 
either  of  notary  or  of  clerk  ;  for  so  ft  has  been  covenanted  and  agreed 
between  the  parlies.  And  for  Ihc  execution  of  the  presents,  etc.,  prom- 
ising, etc.,  binding,  etc.  Done  and  passed  in  the  study  of  the  said  notary 
undersigned,  the  j-ear  of  grace  1782,  and  the  eighteenth  day  of  the  month 
of  September,  in  the  afternoon;  and  we  have  signed  after  the  reading 
thereof  was  made. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Témoins  Js  pAot  signé  Casbos'xeaux 

P.  Richard.  signé  p'*  Langlois 

Enregistré  le  septième  de  X**"  1783. 

[Translation.] 

Witnesses,     Jos.  Page  (Signed)  Carbovneaitx 

P.  Richard.  (Signed)  Pieiike  Langlois. 

Recorded  December  7,  1782.^ 


Pages  fbou  the  Coubt  Record  dp  Kaskaskia,  June  20-Novembcr 

26,  17S3 

(K.  MSS.—  A.  D.  S.] 
.  .  .  Jacquemin  En  la  dilte  cours  les  quels  aprbs  avoir  pretté  sur 
les  Evangelistcs  Du  grand  Dieu  tout  puissant  le  Serment  de  &deUté  et 
d'office  ont  prit  séance  a  la  cours  Enqualitéde  Jugesa  paix  et  Magistrats 
du  District  des  KusRasKias  et  ont  signé  les  dits  Jour  et  an  susdit  après 
avoir  présenté  a  la  Dittc  Cours  leur  Election  et  nomination 

Aymé  Comte 
Jiov'ANi  Baptista  Jacouini 

ANTOINE  BaUVAIS,  J.  P. 

La  Cours  a  été  renvoyé  a  Vetidredy  Vingt  huitième  Jour  du  mois 

[  Translation.] 

.  .  .  Jacomini  in  the  said  court,  who  after  having  taten  the  oath 
of  allegiance  and  uf  olfiee  upon  the  Evangelists  of  the  Almighty  God, 
took  their  plates  in  the  Court  in  the  quality  of  Justices  of  the  peace  and 
magistrates  of  the  District  of  Kaskaskia;  and  they  bave  signed  on  the 
aforesaid  day  and  year,  after  having  presented  to  the  said  Court  the 
certificaJe  of  their  election,  and  their  Domination. 

AyuÉ  Comte 

Jiovani  BApn.sTE  Jacomini 
Antoine  Bautais,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 
The  Court  adjourned  to  Friday,  June  a8. 

■  Thcrr  Mlcuo  in  ihc  coon  recoril  a  tojnr  oi  Ihe  ctllinn  ol  Pient  IaiicIou  In  Richard  Wiiutoo, 
eoiniT-Unjicauit.  to  be  toamtisioatd  u  Boun>  ud  dnk;  a&d  •  copy  of  the  commteba  litiMd  by 
RJduiil  WiaXou,  both  (lilnJ  llnmnbcr  7.  itSi. 


COURT  RECORD.  JUNE  20-NOVEMBER  26,  1732  309 

Juin  KasKasK-ias  !e  vingtième  Jour  du  mois  de  Juin  mil  sept  cent  quatre 
vingt  deux. 

ANTOINX  BaITVAIS  J.  P. 

a  une  Coure  teniic  au  District  des  KastCasKias  Kn  la  Comtée  des 
minois  le  Vcndrcdy  vingt  huitième  Jour  du  mois  de  Juin  mi!  sept  cent 
quatrevingt  deux  furent  prcscns  antoine  Beauvais  anloîne  Morin  Vitale 
Beauvais  et  Stanislas  Icvasscur  tous  Kcuyers  et  Magistrats  du  dit  District. 

La  Cours  a  6\é  renvo)-<î  a  Lundy  hutteme  Jour  du  mois  juitiiet 
prochain  KasKasKias  le  vingt  huiteme  juin  mil  sept  cent  Quatre  vingt 
deux. 

ANTOtNE  Beauvais  J.  P. 

a  une  Cours  tenue  le  lundy  huitième  Jour  du  mois  de  Juillict  au  Dis- 
trict des  KasKasKias  mil  sept  cent  quatre  vingts  deux  furent  prcscns 
antoine  beauvais  vital  Beauvais  Pierre  Picard  et  Stanislas  Levasseur  tous 
Magistrats  du  district  Des  KasKasKias. 

Lan  mil  sept  cent  quatrcvingts  deux  et  1^  huitième  Jour  du  mois  de 
JuiJlcl  au  Environ  huit  heures  du  matin  sont  comparu  F.n  la  Cours  du- 
dit  District  Des  KasKasKias  Laudience  y  tenant  ce  dit  Jour  M^*  Jean 
baptiste  Laffonl  Et  Pierre  Lan^ois  les  quels  ont  été  assïgntf  a  yconi- 

[Trattslatiûn.] 

Raskaskia,  June  30,  178a. 

Antoine  Bau\'Ais,  J.  P. 

In  a  session  of  the  Court  held  in  the  District  of  Ka&kask.ia  in  the 
County  of  the  Illinois,  on  Friday,  June  2S,  1782,  there  were  present: 
Antoine  Bauvais,  Antoine  Morin,  Vita]  Bauvais,  and  Stanislas  Levas- 
seur, all  of  them  esquires  and  magistrates  of  the  said  district. 

The  Court  adjourned  to  Monday,  July  8,  next. 

Kaska<^ia,  June  36,  1783. 

Antoine  Bactvais,  J.  P. 

At  a  session  of  the  Court  held  on  Monday,  July  8,  in  the  District  of 
Kaskastcia  there  were  present:  Antoine  Bauvais,  Vitale  Bauvais,  Pierre 
Picard,  and  Stanislas  Levasaeur,  all  magistrates  of  the  District  of  Kas- 
kaslcia. 

In  the  year  1783,  OD  the  8th  of  July  atiout  eight  o'clock  En  the  mom* 
ing  there  appeared  En  Court  of  the  said  District  of  Kaskaskia,  the  Court 
being  in  session  on  that  day,  MM.  Jean  Baptiste  Laffont  and  Pierre 
Langlois,  wbo  were  summoned  lo  appear  on  (hat  day,  at  the  requisition 


3W 


lilSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


paroilre  ce  dit  Jour  a  la  requisition  du  sr.  oicolas  lachanse  Le  quel  leur 
a  représenté  La  vente  d'une  habitation  passé  par  Maître  feu  Joseph 
vîaux  Leméranoe  notaire  public  le  Deuxième  jour  du  mois  de  Mars  tnil 
sept  cent  Soixante  quatorze  pareillement  La  vente  de  plusieurs  Exclaves 
meubles  linges  et  utensîUes  de  \word  UUgîbJc]  Vrlvé  Par  La  Dame  veuve 
Crely  En  faveur  dudit  Sr.  Lachanae  Les  quel  a  fait  Exposer  de^-ant  les 

dits  susnommés  Les  quels  après  serment  par  eux  fait ' 

La  Cour  a  été  Renvoyé  a  Deux  heures  après  midy  Wngt  deux  du 
present  mois  du  Novembre  mii  sept  cent  quatrevingt  deux. 

AvTst  CoaTE 
La  cour  continue  a  deux  heure  âpre*  midy  Wngt  deux  du  present 
La  Cour  a  été  Renvoyé  a  mardy  Prochain  vingt  sixième  Jour  du  mois 
de  Novembre  a  noeuf  [sic]  heure  du  matin  mil  sept  cent  quatrevingt 
deux. 

Aymé  Comte 

A  une  Cour  tenu  au  district  des  KasfCasKiascn  comtée  des  Illinois 
Le  vingt  Sixïcmc  Jour  du  mois  de  novembre  a  Noeuf  heure  du  Matin 
furent  Present  aymé  Comte  President,  Joan  Dapt.  Jacqucmîn,  vilaJ 
Beauvuis,  J.  Bupte  Beauvais  Ht  fraiiçoîs  Corset,  antotne  Murin  tous 
Ecuyer  Et  Magistrats  du  Dl.  District. 

\TranslatiûH.] 
of  M.  Nicolas  Lachanse,  who  exhibited  to  them  the  sale  of  a  dn-eUtng 
drawn  up  by  Ibc  late  Master  Joseph  Viau.x  Lespcraiice,  notary  public, 
March  2, 1774,  and  liken-isc  the  sale  of  several  slaves,  furniture,  clothing, 
and  utensils  of  [US.  Ulegiblc]  private,  and  sold  by  the  widow  Crcillcy  in 
favor  of  the  said  M.  Lathansc,  who  caused  this  to  be  shown  before  the 
aforenamed,  who  in  turn,  after  having  taken  oath ' 

The  Court  adjourned  lo  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  Novenbcr  2a, 
1783.  Ayué  COMtl^. 

The  Court  continues  at  two  o'clock  uf  ihe  afternoon  of  the  present. 

Court  adjourned  to  Tuesday  next,  November  26,  1783, at  nine  in  the 
morning.  Avmê  Comte. 

At  a  Court  held  in  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  in  the  County  of  the 
Ilb'nois,  at  nine  o'clw~k  <if  ihe  twenty-sixth  day  of  Novrmhcr,  there  were 
present  Aymé  Comte,  president,  Giovani  Baplisla  Jacomini,  Vital  Bau- 
vais,  J.  Baptiste  Bauvais,  François  Corset,  and  Antoine  Morin,  all  of 

'  Tbts«  tutn  ol  tha  RconI  ire  torn  asd  u«  not  CMiMtuih«. 


THE  MAGISTRATES  TO  CRUZAT,  OCTOBER  s,  1783        311 

La  Cour  coatîaue  a  dexuc  heure  aprcs  midy  vingt  Six  du  Present 

Aymé  Comte 
A  une  COUT  tenu  au  district  des  KasKasKias  a  deux  heure  de  Relevée 
ce  jourd'buy  vingt  sixième  Jour  du  mois  de  Novembre 

[Translali<m.l 
them  esquires  and  magistrates  of  the  said  district.    The  Court  continues 
at  two  o'clock  in  the  aitcrnoon  of  twenty-sixth  of  the  present. 

Aym£  Comte. 
At  a  session  held  in  the  District  of  Kaskaskia  at  two  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon  of  November  36.' 


The  Magistrates  of  the  Cotntr  at  Kaskaskia  to 
FsANasco  Chuzat,  October  5,  1782 

[K.  MSS.— A.L.3 
^fR  D"  Csuzat 
Monsieur 

Nous  avons  Reçu  L'honneur  de  Vôtre  Lettre  en  datte  du  30.  7  bre 
dernier,  ainsy  que  les  Requclc  des  sîcurs  Ccrré  et  D'atchurtit,  après 
avoir  mûrement  Examiné  Les  pieces  que  Le  Sieur  Ccrré  nous  a  Exibé, 
nous  avons  ordonné  au  S*"  Page  de  Paroitre  a  la  Cour  Prochaine  35"» 
du  present  ne  pouvant  plutôt  pour  Repondre  au  Demandes  du  Sieur 
Ccrré,  tant  qu'a  la  saisie  du  Nègre  Nous  laissons  cette  affaire  a  Vôtre 
disposition  connaissant  que  voua  avez  plus  détendue  sur  la  Loix  Pour 
Savoir  si  les  demandes  du  Sîeur  D'atchurut  Bat  Gusie  ainsy  que  celle 
du  sieur  Cerré; 

[Transhlioji.\ 
M.  Cruzat, 
Su: 

We  received  your  letter  dated  the  30th  of  last  September,  together 
with  the  petition  of  MM.  Ccrré  and  Datchurui.  After  having  care- 
fully examined  the  papers  presented  by  M.  Cerré,  we  ordered  M.  Page 
to  appear  in  the  next  court,  the  25th  of  this  month,  not  being  able 
to  answer  sooner  the  demands  of  M.  Cerré.  As  for  the  seizure  of  the 
negro,  we  leave  that  affair  to  be  disposed  of  by  you,  since  we  know  that 
you  have  more  comprehension  of  the  law,  so  that  you  can  know  whether 
the  demands  of  M.  Datchurut  as  well  as  those  of  M.  Cerré,  are  just. 

1 TI1U  b  tba  U«i  mmIoo  of  (Iw  Coun  tuMO  1787.  Ai  ibb  time  or  moo  aller  Uib  KIclurd  U'iiutwi 
■beUibal  (he  Court  arf  Ihe  Dkukt  ol  KmIu^im.     Pa  p» licubn,  cctmlt  lU.  Ilia.  CoUttiiam,  iL, 


312  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Nous  avons  L'honneur  d'être  avec  toutte  la  consideration  Possible 
Monteur  Votre  humble    &  très  obéissant  Serviteur   Kaskaskïas  le 

[Translation.] 
We  have  the  honor  to  be  with  all  the  consideration  possible, 
Sir,  your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servants, 
Kaskaskia,  October  5, 1782. 


CHAPTER  DC 

THE  CO&ONG   OF  THE  COMMISSIONERS    FROM   VIRGIXIA. 
NOVEMBER,   1783,  TO  MARCH.  1783 

The  Sotoess  or  the  Witnesses  —  Winston  and  Caxboxneaux  Pkepase 
TO  Go  TO  ViRcrsiA  ~  The  ComnssioxEiis  Sewd  an  Avnooncement  to 
iLUNOis  —  Winston  Conters  his  ComussioN  op  CountvLieutenant 
ON  De  Moxbrel-n  —  LrtnîBS  Conctrning  the  Skrvices  of  the 
New  CouNTY-ljEirrENANr  —  Tuk  Inhabitants  Send  Two  Meuouau 
TO  the  Comnssio^TERs  —  Dodge  W'jutkj  or  his  Accounts  —  The 
REPHraENTATivEs  FROM  Ilunois  Are  Late— The  Deathot  Richakd 
Winston. 


William  Fleminc  to  the  Governor  or  Vikcinia,  Nuvembcr,  1781 
[Draper  MSS.,  ^ôj;^.—  A.  I„  S.) 

L:xcoLN  County  Nov»  178a 
biR, 

I  acckuowledgf  tlic  receipt  of  Your  ExccUencys  favour  of  Ocl?" 
lô**"  which  I  laid  before  the  board,  when  near  se^x-nty  miles  on  the 
Journy.'  I  received  a  letter  from  W  G  Smith  dcclioing  his  appoini- 
meat  as  a  ComoUss''  which  put  it  out  of  my  power  to  supply  the  vacancy, 
and  remains  unfilled,  as  I  shall  always  avuid  incurring  unnecessary 
expense  I  made  no  use  of  Your  excellence's  order  on  the  Commanding 
Officer  of  Washington  county  for  an  escort,  some  favourable  circum- 
stances made  us  %-cnturc  through  tlie  Wilderness  in  rather  too  small 
a  party,  we  got  into  this  country  in  23  days  but  have  done  little  busiocss 
since  we  came,  occasioned  by  the  strength  of  the  Counties  being  drawn 
out  against  the  Shawnise  towns.  Gen'  Clark  returned  some  days  past. 
I  am  apprehensive  the  business  will  be  considerably  retarded,  by  the 
death  of  several  Gentlemen  who  ntiuld  have  thrown  light  on  many 
transactions,  by  Uie  death  of  others  who  were  concerned,  and  by  the 
dispersion  of  jsonic  of  the  principals.    Col"  Montgomery  who  was  gone 

>  fof  [nfurniatfoa  mnccnuog  ilic  cumniiMiin  appomtcd  br  ihi  lomiuic  of  ^Irfinli  to  lavsii- 
(Blc  the  upcnac  «oonunt  ûl  tit*  wnurn  ■Jcinkitintnt.iM  /ft.  tfUl.  (.'«UkIwim.  ii..  p.  ail.  The  ou- 
naini»  Inim  ">'\  oiha  éotunrata  cuDirrDins  ihe  inTaiiEninn  •rQI  be  jvfaird  In  til*  totumn  oj 
G«iart«  Rd«cn  Ctuk's  Papm  bdof  prtruM  Etc  the  CVI/«Muiu  tiy  Prolnur  |   A  Jama 

3'3 


3'4 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


to  Georgia  when  we  came  through  Washington  is  wrote  to  requiring 
hi»  attendance.  Cap'  George  went  with  ihc  Chickasaw  Indians  and 
is  not  expected  MoK  Christmas,  Cap'  Elliot  who  I  believe  was  never 
in  the  K'mce  of  this  State  is  [Krhaps  in  Philadelphia.  Dodge  who  is 
in  the  Illinois  is  summoned.  The  backwardness  of  those  whose  con- 
duct is  to  be  scrutiniwd  will  add  lo  the  delay,  from  what  light  we  have 
got,  there  has  been  the  greatest  abuses  committed  in  several  depart- 
ments which  we  hope  to  dcvelopc.  M'  Rowland  Madi.so!J  who  moved 
in  part  of  his  Estcal  this  fall  with  design  to  lieromc  an  inhabitant  is 
unprepared  to  settle  his  accounts,  having  left  his  books  in  Botetourt, 
expecting  to  have  them  adjusted  by  (he  board  of  war,  is  candid  enough 
to  give  US  room  to  suspect  the  greatest  dissipation  of  stores  &c  :  intrusted 
to  him,  he  is  required  to  lay  his  Accounts  before  us  as  soon  as  possible, 
it  may  not  be  amiss  if  we  had  transmitted  lo  us  a  duplicate  of  the  Stores 
sent  for  the  supply  of  the  troops  on  this  quarter,  a  considerable  quantity 
of  linen  &c;  I  recollect  was  sent  up  by  Cap'  Kvans  if  I  remember  his 
name,  perhaps  some  by  M''  Madison.  The  printed  advertisements 
not  coming  to  hand  before  the  end  of  Sepf  makes  it  necessary  to  send 
some  by  express  to  the  IlUnoisc  they  are  addressed  to  the  Court  at  Kas- 
kaskias  &  Col"  I.>e  Grass  at  S'  Vincent  a  copy  of  which  is  enclosed, 
the  latter  part  of  which  was  wrote  in  consequence  of  a  paragraph  in 
Your  Excellcncys  favour  of  Qct*^  16'''  last.  It  is  rumoured  Le  Grass 
is  soon  to  be  at  the  Falls  of  Ohio  with  some  Pcankcshaw  Indians, 
neither  M'  Pollock,  M*"  Barber,  nor  M''  Shannon  are  in  the  Country 
at  this  time,  so  that  it  is  impossible  to  Judge  when  we  shall  be  able  to 
finish.  I  shall  be  under  a  great  dltSculty  in  supplying  M''  Smiths  place 
properly  should  any  of  the  Gentlemen  from  indisposition  be  unable  to 
go  through  the  business  especially  as  M""  Marshall  is  obliged  sometimes 
to  attend  the  duties  of  his  Office,  two  Acts  of  Assembly  passed  last 
May,  that  relate  to  the  Militia  the  Commissioners  have  not  seen.  If 
they  are  necessary,  or  should  anything  pass  in  the  present  Session, 
which  they  ought  to  know,  they  hope  Your  Excellency  will  order  copies 
to  be  sent  them.  Wc  design  in  lie  at  the  Falls  y°  15^**  of  Jan'  which 
will  be  as  soon  as  tlic  Messenger  can  return  from  Ka^askias  &  in  the 
meantime,  if  possible  gel  in  the  business  uf  Lincoln  &  Fayette  counties, 
As  Opportunities  will  be  li-jw  frequent  or  none  at  all  for  some  months, 
I  have  crowded  all  that  ot-curs  lo  me  at  pre-wnt,  which  may  give  Your 
Excellency  an  idea  of  our  situation  w'lh  regard  to  the  business  wc  came 


A  COMMISSION,  DECEMBF.R  j,  1781 


A15 


here  to  settle  &  hints  for  any  further  instructions  you  may  be  pleased 
to  favour  us  with,  when  we  return  I  expect  wc  may  have  papers  of  con- 
sequence which  may  not  be  safe  to  trust  without  a  guard.  I  wish  Your 
KxccUcneys  orders  for  one  to  the  Commanding  Officer  of  Lincoln 
County  which  I  shall  only  make  use  of  in  case  of  necessity.  I  did  not 
mention  that  Lindsey  has  no  book  of  his  transactions  only  loose  scraps 
of  paper  which  we  have  been  able  to  get  in  our  possession  and  both 
Harrison  &  him  being  killed  their  affairs  are  in  the  greatest  confusion, 
[>articular  notice  shall  he  paid  to  Your  Excellencies  last  favour,  I  have 
the  Honor  to  be  with  great  respect 

Your  Eicellencys  most  Ob'  Serv 

A  Copy WoLM  Flemmc  ' 

[AtUfcised:]    His  Excellency  The  Governor. 

a.  Coppy  — 


Commission  as  Agents  to  RtCHARD  Winston  and  François 

Carbonneaux,  December  3,  1781 

[C.  C.  Pp  XXX..  4.W— A.  L.  S-l 

Nous  Les  soufsign^s  habitans  du  district  des  Kai^KasKias  En  Ia 
comtéc  des  illînois,  disputons  Les  Sieurs  Richard  Wnstons  Et  françois 
Carbonnaux  pour  faire  En  noire  nom  toutes  les  Demandes  Et  rcprc- 
st^ntations  quils  jugeront  nécessaires  pour  le  bien  Etre  de  la  dittc 
Comt^c,  nous  leurs  recommandons  particulièrement  D'exposer  à  nos 
.Souverains  seigneurs,  soit  du  Congrus  general  des  Etats  unU  De  l'amer- 
iquc  ou  De  la  pro^nce  de  la  Virginie,  à  quit]iic  se  pui.sc  Etre  d'où  Le 
gouvcmemenl  de  cette  Coralée  dépends  de  protester  Et  Demander 

[Translation.] 
Wc,  the  undersigned  inhabilanU:  of  the  District  of  Ka-skaskia  in  the 
County  of  Illinois,  appoint  MM.  Richard  Winston  and  François  Car- 
l>onneaux  to  make  in  our  name  all  demands  and  representation.-^  that 
they  may  deem  necc.<aiary  for  the  welfare  of  the  said  county.  Wc 
recommend  to  them  in  particular,  to  present  [our  grievances]  to  our 
.sowrcign  .seigniors,  either  of  the  General  Congress  of  the  (Jniled  Slates 
of  .America  or  the  Province  of  Virginia,  or  from  whomever  il  may  be  thai 
the  government  of  this  county  depends;  to  protest  and  to  demand  the 

■  Thbcnpr  b  in  llic  laaJimlinK  of  WilliuD  Flcmuvg  himaril. 


3i6  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

l'assisUmc^  du  guuvemcraent  [wur  quil  nous  accorde  leurs  protections 
pour  maintenir  Et  soutenir  La  cours  qui  reste  sans  Execution  De  ses 
ordonnances,  pour  réprimer  Et  arrêter  Les  crimes  énormes  qui  se  com- 
mettent dons  ce  pays  qui  ne  peut  se  soutenir  sans  ce  secours,  pareille- 
ment  de  ndmer  un  lieutenant  ou  un  gouverneur  tel  qu'il  plaira  a  nos 
seigneurs  de  nous  l'cnroyer,  ainsy  qu'une  personne  qui  Entende  bien 
notre  Langage  pour  présider  a  notre  Cours.  Et  que  toute  notre  Comlée 
ne  fasse  qu'un  seul  District  Et  que  dans  chaque  village  it  n'y  ait  qu'un 
seul  juge  à  paix  qui  déridera  telle  sommes  qui  se  présentera  devant  lui, 
pourveu  qu'elle  soit  OmçuS  en  billiet  ou  obligation;  nous  experons 
que  nos  dits  seigneurs,  lors  qu'ils  îipprendront  par  nos  di^put^  Les 
maux  Et  Souffranres  que  La  p:irtialil(î  El  lignorancc  de  ceux  qui  nous 
gouvernent  nous  font  souffrir  par  le  pea  d'experiance  quils  Mit  de 
ladministratîon  de  la  justice  qui!  y  a  En  cette  Colonie  par  faute  d*y 
avoir  des  gens  Capables  Kt  cxpcrimanKls  dans  J^s  loJx  françoises  qui 
sont  Les  Coutumes  de  cette  ComuSc;  El  dy  soutcnirc  l'honneur  du 
gouvernement  plus  que  persuada  que  nosseigneurs  voudront  bien  avoir 
quellcsques  Commû^cratioas  pour  Les  diu  soussignés  les  quels  ne 

[Transiaiîon.] 

asbta&ce  of  the  government,  so  that  they  may  grant  us  their  protectiOD 
to  sustain  and  maintain  the  court,  whose  decrees  arc  not  executed;  to 
suppress  ami  stay  the  awful  crimes  which  arc  Ijeing  committed  in  this 
country  which  cannot  sustain  itself  without  this  help;  likewise  to  name 
a  lieutenant  or  a  governor  whichever  it  may  please  our  seigniors  to  send 
to  us,  as  well  as  sfjme  person  who  underalands  our  language  well  to 
preside  in  our  court  ;  and  to  petition  that  all  our  county  be  made  only 
one  district,  and  that  in  each  village  there  be  only  one  justice  of  the 
peace,  who  shall  decide  cases  involving  such  sums  that  may  be  brought 
before  him,  provided  they  be  expressed  in  notes  or  bonds.  When  our 
seigniors  shall  learn  through  our  deputies  of  the  evils  and  sufferings 
which  we  haw  undergone  on  account  of  the  prejudice  and  ignorance 
of  those  who  govcrnusaswcUasby  that  lock  of  experience  in  the  admin- 
istration of  jusiite  which  is  found  in  this  colony,  because  of  the  lack  of 
capable  men  experienced  in  the  French  laws  of  this  couuiy,  we  trust 
[that  they  will  lake  compassion  on  us]  and  maintain  here  the  honor  of 
the  government.     Wc  are  more  than  persuaded  that  our  seigniors  will 


A  PROCLAMATIOV,  DECE^tBER  4,  1783 


317 


Cesseront  de  faire  Les  veux  les  plus  ardens  pour  Icurj  Conservations. 


KasKasKias  le  j"  X*^  1782. 
Gtn-i>  Garard  sa  marque 
JOSEPH  Dupris  S3  marque 
Raimokd  Labrieui  sa  marque 
NICOLAS  Canada  sa  marque 
Nicholas  Sin-TH 
Enbi  Richard  sa  X 
Bloôin  fils 
BrENv-ENUs  rrs 


Hexry  Smith 
John  Boyd 
John  Cleark 
Fhedk  s  Gtnos 
P.  Richard 
Pr  Lawolois 
Gerard  Langloîs 
John  Wh-mams 


JAS.  WiLLEV. 


{EuJûrsed:]    No.  18  Memol.  Inhabitants  of  KasKasKias  9  Decr.  178a. 

I  Tranilatiptt.] 
have  some  commiseration  for  the  undersigned,  who  will  not  cease  mak- 
ing the  most  fervent  vows  for  their  preservation. 
Kaskaskia,  December  3,  178a.' 


Gcvo  Gerard,  his  hark. 

Joseph  Dupuis,  ms  mark. 
Rayuond  Labriere,  bis  uark. 
Nicolas  Canada,  his  hark. 
Nicholas  Sirvrn. 
Henri  Richard,  ms  ua&k. 
Bloudt,  Junior. 
BtENVE.vu,  Junior. 


Henry  Smith. 
John  Bovn. 
John  Clare. 
Fred  S.  Gciom. 
P.  Richard. 
Pierre  Lanclois. 
Gerard  Lanqlois. 
John  Williams. 


Jas.  Willey. 


Proclamation  op  Viroinia  Commissioners,  Dec  4,  1783 

[K.  MSS.—  Cop/.] 

Lincoln  Conty  1783 
Lc  pouvoir  nous  ayant  Eté  donné  Et  instructions  par  Son  Eicclcncc 
Le  gouverneur  Et  Conseil,  pour  Examiner  Les  Comptes  de  tous  Les 

{Translation.] 
Lincoln  County,  1783. 
Power  and  instnictlons  liave  been  pven  us  by  his  Excellency,  the 
Gov-cmor,  and  the  Council,  to  examine  the  arrounls  of  all  civil  and  miU- 

>  This  ItM  o(  ticntn  repnacnu  llie  ttcliwi  ■hicb  haJ  ninpotml  tbr  coualr  lieulCMnt.  RicUrH 
Wlnaton,  Then  arc  dnrn  Fmchinen  and  iZi  Amala».  Of  tltCM>,  iVMfi  ot  Ihe  Frmchrm  aorj 
fourodhc  Ants-iuniHtDHlihipMiTicnallhaUnioDat  JohûDodaeal  17(14.  (Src  AsiJ,  11.  ji^.)  Po 
*  Ibt  ol  ihf-  {''rmch  lictKi»,  ■««  t»a,  p.  344.  A  UMotji  of  tho*  bctlna»  oMf  be  kmad  in  III.  Hit'. 
CtllMliimi,  ti ,  pi.  aiii.,  a.  >. 


3« 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


officiers  civil  et  tnilitoires,  ainsi  que  Les  Comptes  que  Ceux  qtd 
ODt  Eu  trcn^action  Sur  Les  Eaux  de  ouest.  Comme  L'occasion  est 
requis  de  Sommer  Les  (emuinagv.  nous  Fcsons  Savoir  au  public  et  a 
loutles  personnes  que  octie  affaire  Concerne  que  nous  nous  rassemblons  a 
La  Chute  dans  La  belle  rivière,  Dans  La  Cotit<?-dc  J<îflcrson  Le  i  j  Jour 
de  Jenvier  prochain,  pour  faire  nos  devoirs  Comme  nos  Commission  le 
porte.  Nous  mandons  a  touttes  jicrsonncs  qui  ont  des  Comptes  ou 
Iftre  dexangc  Contre  les  Etats,  Sans  Etre  arrangé,  ainsy  que  Ceux  a  qui 
il  est  due  par  quelque  Credit,  de  venir  avec  leur  Comptes  lettre  d'échange 
ou  Sertîlicat  pour  Etre  ajusld,  aucune  Dcbics  de  quelque  nature  que  œ 
Soit,  poura  Etre  pay^  a  Richmond,  Excpté  i'"  quels  nayent  Eté  Exam^- 
iné,  et  Liquid(?.  Et  Scrtifid  par  nous. 

WiLUAU  Flcuinc 
Donné  Sous  nos  mains  Samuel  Mcoowkll 

Le  4^  dercmbrc  de  Lanné  1782.  Caleb  Wauacr 

[Tratistalion.] 
taiy  officers  as  well  as  the  accounts  of  (hose  who  have  had  transactions 
on  the  western  waters.  As  it  is  required  that  wc  summon  witnesses,  we 
make  it  known  to  the  public  and  to  all  persons  whom  this  affair  may  con- 
cern that  we  will  hold  a  meeting  at  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio  River,  in  the 
County  of  Jefferson,  on  the  fifteenth  of  next  January,  in  order  to  do  our 
duly  as  our  commission  requires,  We  command  all  persons  who  have 
accounts  or  letters  of  exchange  against  the  states,  which  have  not  been 
settled,  OS  well  as  those  to  whom  something  is  due  through  credit,  to 
come  with  their  accuuiils,  letters  of  exchange^  or  cerliucates  so  that  Ihcy 
may  be  adjusted.  No  debt,  of  whatever  nature  it  be,  will  be  paid  at 
Richmond  except  that  it  be  first  examined,  determined,  and  certified 
by  us. 

Given  under  our  hands,  this  fourth  of  December,  1782. 

William  Fleiono. 

Given  under  my  hand,  Samdel  McDowkll. 

December  4,  1783.  Caleb  Wallace. 


L 


COMMISSIONERS  TO  COURT,  DF.CEMBER  4,  178a        319 

The    VraciNu    Commissioners    to  the    Cocrt  at    Kaskasua, 

December  4,  1782 

(K.  MSS.— Copy.] 

The  Honorable  Court  at  Raska&lcias 

Lincoln  County  Decf  4»*"  178a 
Oentlemei*, 

The  State  of  Virginia  fully  Sensible  of  the  Inronvcnicnce  every  Indi- 
vidual must  suffer  who  lie  out  of  Money  or  Goods  advanced  for  the  Sup- 
port of  their  Troops  while  in  your  Country,  occasioned  by  the  great  Dis* 
lance  from  the  Kaskaskias  to  the  Scat  of  Government,  and  of  course,  the 
great  delay  in  getting  (hase  Acrounls  settled,  have  ordered  a  Board  of 
Commissioners  to  attend  at  some  convenient  place  in  the  Western  Coun- 
try to  receive  adjust  &  Liquidate  all  Accounts,  against  the  Common- 
wealth of  Virginia;  in  order  that  (hey  may  be  finally  settled,  when 
presented  at  Richmond.  We  take  the  Liberty  by  Your  means,  Gentle- 
men, to  make  the  Intentions  of  Virginia  known  inclosing  You  some  Ad- 
vertisements desiring  you  will  be  pleased  to  send  one  of  them  to  Kohos, 
and  as  in  the  course  of  Trade  many  of  our  Bills  may  be  in  (he  hands  of 
the  subjects  of  Spain,  also  to  transmit  an  Advenisement  to  S*  Louis 
that  the  Spanish  Gentlemen  concerned  may  have  information.  We  have 
sent  by  this  Messenger  to  S^  Vincents,  And  we  shall  be  happy  if  we  can 
be  of  service  to  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Illinois  by  staling  Matters  of  Fact, 
and  representing  any  grievances  to  which  they  have  been  subjected  under 
the  Government  of  Virginia.  Wth  respect,  we  are  Gentlemen,' 

Your  most  Hum'  Servants. 
A  copy  by  order  of  the  Board  WlLLL\ir  Fleming 

JoHK  M'dowf.u.  Sec'  Saml  M'dowell 

Caleb  Wallace 


■  From  a  nuvfii)  mnlutiM  ofjhv  for^Kuiiu  «kmiirvratt.  It  U  avEilmi  ikal  IVbuion  &nd  Cm* 
(■oitiiritiii  luul  ik-trdciinn)  lo  (o  to  Vlrifinia  ifim«  Hrcls  IjcNvc  ik«  am  dI  ihf  appaioinicrkl  of  (he 
w«(i-rii  commlniCDprt  mdiM  ICaiikuht^  Th»t  arwt  fxalniiif  fjfM  camr  In  ihe  ilwvr  ïttxcïï, 
nliiili  mar  Out  Itavc  Imn  ildlnrcd  uDlU  late  JD  Jaoiury.     ^oc  fêti,  j«8. 


3» 


COLLECTIONS 


CouMiasiOK   nr    CouNn-LiEOTENANX    BY    Richard     Winston    lo 
TmoTHÉ  DE  MoKDHEiTN,  January  tS,  1783 
[Va.  State  Library. —  Atlesied  Copy.] 
A  Monsieur  Monsieur  de  Monbreun  oQidcr  au  Service  de  L  Etat 

aux  RaskaJttas. 

MoNSIKL"R, 

Comme  je  suis  au  moment  d'etre  Sur  mon  depart  pour  Le  gouvemc- 
mcnl  et  que  je  Suis  chargé  dcCommisionctd«?puté  lieutenant  de  Comté 
des  ninois  Je  presume  qu'il  m'est  Indispensable  de  Substîtur  dautres  en 
ma  place  pour  L'inicret  public  a  fin  d  éviter  quelque  molestations  qui 
pouroicnt  arriver  pendant  mon  absence  Je  Seroit  mortîffié  que  Le  peufJe 
vint  a  Souffrire  sil  ny  auroit  Personne  pour  exercer  cette  charge  en  Coo- 
cequcnce  je  ne  crois  pas  pouvoirc  mieux  m'adreser  qua  vous.  Monsieur 
pour  faire  exécuter  cet  employ  Latachment  et  le  zèle  que  vous  avez 
témoigné  dans  plusieur  occasions  pour  T^  Service  de  létal  nous  donne  des 
preuves  Suffisantes  de  votre  Capacité  Intègre. 

it  ne  vous  est  pas  difficile  dcxcrcer  Olte  fonction  ainu  Monsieur  Je 
vous  prie  d'avoire  jKiur  agréable  d'accepter  celte  prcsctite  Commission 
pour  votre  athnrîtc  [sit]  étant  chose  nécessaire  pour  le  Bien  public  et  au 

[Translation  —  Attested.] 

To  M.  de  Monbreun,*  Officer  in  the  service  of  the  Slate  at  Kaskaskia. 
Sift, 

At  The  moment  wf  my  being  alfout  to  Depart  for  The  Seat  of  Govern- 
ment when  1  consider  myself  as  charged  with  The  Commission  of  Depu- 
ty Lieutenant  to  the  County  of  lUinuis  I  think  it  an  indispensable  Duty 
to  substitute  some  Person  cr  Persons  to  act  in  my  stead  and  place  for 
the  public  Good  in  Order  lo  prevent  any  molestations  That  may  happen 
during  my  Absence.  As  it  would  mortify  me,  thai  the  People  should 
SuiTtT  because  there  was  no  Person  authorized  to  fill  that  Place,  now  I 
am  pursuaded  I  cannot  apply  l<i  any  Person  with  more  Propriety  for 
preforming  the  Duties  of  my  OfTicc  thaii  to  You,  Sir,  as  The  Attachment 
and  7,cssi  to  the  public  gocxl  you  have  shewn  on  several  Occasions  furnish 
us  with  suiTuienl  Proofs  of  ytnir  Abilities  &  Integrity. 

It  will  not  be  a  difficult  Matter  for  you  to  fill  this  Office,  I  ihercfiHv 

request  You,  Sir,  to  accept  of  These  Frcsetlts  which  aulhori/A*  you  to  it, 

■  The  lull  uirt  »  Jicqura  'rinoihf  Ii«uchfr,  Sicur  <le  ïilonbRiin.  for  biocaphlcil  nocicc,  sec 
to.  Ititl.  OÀitttiotu,  il.,  pp.  xû..  audi. 


L 


DE  MON'BREUN'S  COMMISSION,  JA.NUAUV  .8,  1783      331 

Soutient  De  la  Cause  Commune  des  ctals  Vnh  de  Lamcriquc.  Dans 
toute  occasion  qui  pouroit  Le  presenter  pour  les  Inlcrcst  du  peuple  qui 
requerrcra  votre  protection  ainsi  qui  pour  Soutcnirc  la  Cause  des  Etats, 
voua  agicrc  de  le  procureur  de  letat,  les  officies  de  milice  et  les  habilans  le 
plus  anciens  |)Our  délibérer  ensemble  Sur  le  parti  le  plus  convcnaMc  a 
prendre  Concernant  tes  affaire  qui  pouroicnl  Le  presenter. 

Pour  vos  guides  Je  ne  peut  mieux  vous  donner  que  le  code  des  loix  el 
articles  de  droit  que  Son  Excelance  Le  gouverneur  a  Envoyiî  ici  cl  qui 
doit  être  au  greffe  de  la  cour  que  vous  Consulicres  de  lems  en  ttms,  les 
quels  vous  milcgcrcs  autant  que  posible  aux  ancien  usages  et  coutumes 
de  ce  pays;  Joint  a  voire  Jurisprudence  vous  ne  pour  pour'er  [su]  pas 
tomber  enfaute. 

Je  ne  pourois  trop  vous  recommander  le  meilleur  inteligence  posiblc 
Entre  vous  et  nos  voisins  amis  Messieurs  tes  espagnols  et  autant  qu'il 
Sera  en  votre  pouvoîre  de  vous  joindre  avec  le  Commendant  de  lautre 
Rive  pcrer  la  IranquiliUÎ  de  ce  pays  cl  la  cause  commune. 

[Tramlaiion  —  Attested] 
as  il  is  requisite  for  The  Publit  good  ami  Cnnductve  to  the  Support  of 
the  Common  Cause  of  The  United  States  of  America. 

On  every  Occasion  that  shall  oJTer  to  claim  Your  Protection  in  behalf 
of  The  People  as  well  to  support  The  Interest  of  the  Slates  You  will  ad 
in  Concert  with  The  State  Allorney,  with  The  Militia  Officers  and  The 
oldest  Settlers  in  The  Countr)*  and  Consider  jointly  with  Them  on  The 
most  proper  measures,  which  Circumstances  may  require  in  every  par- 
ticular Case. 

For  your  Direction  in  The  Performance  <jf  The  Duties  ot  The  Office 
trusted  to  You  I  cannnt  dîrw:l  you  to  a  better  Guide  Than  The  Collecihrt 
of  Laws  and  AH'kUs  of  Juris  prudente  uhkh  His  Excelictuy  TheCcnvr- 
nor  has  sent  hiilitr,  and  which  ought  to  be  kept  in  The  Office  of  The 
Ocrk  of  The  Court,  These  You  may  consult  sometimes  combining  them 
as  much  as  possible  with  The  old  Customs  &  '-'sages  nf  This  Country, 
adding  tn  this  Your  Knowledge  of  Jurisprudence  You  cannot  fall  into 
Error. 

I  cannin  recommend  to  You  loo  much  the  Cultivating  of  a  friendly 
Intercourse  with  Our  Neighl>orîng  Friends  The  Spanish  Nation  and 
Communiiaiing  on  every  Opportunity  with  The  Commander  on  The 
othrr  Side  of  The  River  for  Maintaining  The  Tranquility  of  This  Coun- 
try and  the  Common  Cause. 


3»* 


ILLINOIS  MtSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Nayani  plus  Rien  a  vous  marquer  (|ui  soit  a  ma  Connuissance  Je 
m'en  raporte  a  votre  pnidcncc  et  «ciwriance  jinur  les  ras. 

En  vous  Souha-ilaiit  plus  de  réussite  de  tranquilitc  que  je  nay  en  ja.y 
l'honneur  d'etre  avec  toute  l<i  Consideration  posîblc. 

Monsieur 

Votre  très  humble  et  très  obeiseat  Serviteur 
Signe  Rich  Winston 

Deputy  Licute  de  Conte 
Aux  Caskaskias  le  i8'  janvier  1783.    cnregcstrc  au  greffe  du  district 
des  Caskaskias  a  lu  page  393,  294,  395  folio  189 
Au  Caskakias  —  fevre  1783 

Signe  P**  Langlois 

greffier 
[Translaiion  — Altested.] 

As  no  other  Particular  at  present  occurs  to  my  Reflection  I  rely  on 
Your  Judgement  &  Experience  as  to  unforeseen  Cases.    I  wish  you  a 
better  success  and  less  difficulties  than  1  ha%x'  met  with 
I  am  wilh  much  esteem 

Sir  Your  luimltk*  &  most  uljcdient  Servant 
(SignedJ  Richard  Winston 
Deputy  Lieutenant  of  Ihe  County. 
Kaskaskias  the  8th  Jan^  1783 

Recorded  in  The  Clerk's  Office  of  the  district  uf  Kaskaskias  page 
393,  794  &  395  folio  i8g 

Kaskaskias  The  24,  Feb.  1783' 

Signed  J"  langijOis 
Clerk. 


CkRTIKICATE  of   SkrVICKS  of  T1MOTHÉ  DF  MONBEEUN, 

October  17,  1780. 
[Draper  MSS.,  sojjo.— A.  D.  S.J 

ForJ  Clark  Octri?*  1780 
To  ALL  iroME  rr  May  Consarn 

This  May  Certefy  Ihat  L^  Mumbron  haith  Believed  him  Self  as  a 
Frcnd  t»  the  Cau.se  of  America  in  Kvey  Resiwct  ajid  that  he  haith  Been 
Reaïley  at  all  Times  on  F,aney  immergeniey  lo  du  I-'vey  thing  in  his  Pow- 

■  The  MP)'  U  allntrd  nn  April  ii,  i;gi,  by  Jmn  Bit.  Htflxiit,  judst  aiulpmiflfnt  af  IhcdiMrict 
of  Pniric  du  Rochrr.  The  tniulBilan  wu  made,  NovnnlKf  ij,  1791,  by  Prin  S.  Hu  funocau, 
aoiarr  public,  etc.,  ai  PlailAdelpliia. 


DE  MONBREUN'S  SERVICES 


533 


er  for  the  defence  of  his  CunJrey  &  at  all  lime?  UTien  Ever  Called  on  By 
his  Superior  or  Commanding  officer  turned  out.  When  the  Savages  Came 
in  order  to  Destroy  the  Cuntrcy  Last  Spring  he  turned  out  With  the 
formost  to  Repulce  them.  When  1  was  ordered  to  Go  on  the  Expodilion 
up  the  Wabash  he  aliso  Went  with  the  Greatest  Chearfuliness  and  when 
The  Savages  altacted  Fori  Geffcraon  when  I  Could  Git  But  twelve  Men 
lo  Go  with  Me  he  a  Gain  Ventered  his  life  to  the  Releefe  of  thai  post.  I 
Think  When  al!  These  proofes  are  Considered  that  he  oute  to  he  aplaused 
by  Evcy  Good  Man  and  Rewarded  AcordJng  to  his  Merrite.     Geven 

under  My  hand 

Jno  Montcoukrv 

Lt  Col  Commandant 
Fort  Clark  [October]  iS"'  1780 
General  orders  as  I  am  about  to  Start  from  This  place  to-day  I  there 
fore  think  it  Expédiant  to  Levé  Capl  Rogers  at  this  place  With  his  Com- 
paney  to  take  the  Command  and  possession  of  fort  Clark  he  is  allso  or- 
dered to  asist  the  Agent  With  a  Gard  al  all  times  if  there  is  aney  Call  for 
one  &  to  Compel!  Every  person  To  Compley  With  their  Contracts  Matd 
With  the  Agent.    Given  under  My  hand 

JNO  MoNTtWMKHY 

L*  Colol  Commandant. 


JOBN  WlLUAUS  to  TIUOXBÉ  DE  MoNBBEUN,  February  15,  1781. 
[Draper  MSS.,  sijj4,— A.  L.  S.J 

Monsieur, 

Je  a  receue  l'honneur  du  votre,  de  aujourd'huy,  je  Suis  bien  Morti- 
fiere  de  N'être  point  Capable  de  vous  donner  Congé  ne  de  vous  payer. 
N'esloient  point  en  pouvoire  de  la  faire  pour  moy  même  Jusque  Nouvelle 
ordre  de  Colo*  Clark  pour  l'assemble  des  officer  il  est  nullement  Neœs- 
saire  Votre  Conduit  a  été  tourjours  cy  bien  et  Satisfactoire  a  tous  Noua 


Sa: 


[Translation.] 


I  received  your  letter  of  to-day  and  find  myself  mortified  in  not 
being  able  to  grant  you  leave  iif  absence  or  to  p;iy  you,  for  I  have  tio 
authority  to  do  so  until  there  comes  a  new  order  from  Colonel  Clark. 
As  for  the  assembly  of  the  ofTicers,  that  is  in  no  wisie  necessary.  Your 
conduct  has  always  been  so  good  and  satisfactory  to  all  our  olficcrs, 


U-LINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Officer,  que  vous  navois  auaine  besoin  de  cclla;  ce  que  je  peut  faire  je 
faim  avec  PbJsire  et  devant  partîrc  je  prendra  Quelque  Airangemeni 
pour  vous  et  votre  famille  aussitôt  que  je  aura  Quelque  Nouvelle  de 
Colo'  Clark  vous  Sera  informer 

Je  Suis  Mon»'  en  vous  priant  de  agrccrc  mes  Respect  a  Madame 
Votre  très  bum'  et  très  Obes*  Serviturc 

Jno  WauAMs 

Au  Cas  IS  fcl>'  1781 

To  Lieu'  Monbrun  de  Boucher 
[Addressed:]  To  Lieut*  Monbrun  de  Boucher  Près* 

[TransliÀiion.] 

that  you  have  no  need  of  that.    I  shall  du  all  I  can  willi  pleasure  and 
before  my  dc^jorturc  I  will  make  some  arrangements  for  you  and  your 
fajuily.     As  soon  as  I  liavc  news  from  Colonel  Clark,  I  shall  inform  you. 
I  am,  sir,  begging  you  lo  present  my  respects  to  madame, 
Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

John  Woliams. 
Ai  Kaskaskia,  February  15,  1781. 
Tu  Lieutenant  Boucher  de  Monbreun. 


TnioTHÊ  DE  Monbreun  to  Geobge  R.  Clark,  March  5,  1783. 

[Draper  MSS..  51J3S.— A.  L.  S.] 

Mon  Générai. 

J'ai  Eu  L'honneur  de  M'addresser  a  Monsieur  Le  Major  John 
Williams  votre  représentant  pour  lui  demander  suit  ma  retrait  oî)  qu'il 
m'accordât,  En  ma  qualité  De  Gentilhomme  £t  d'offîder  au  service  De 
la  Republique  de  la  Virginie  que  J'aî  L'honneur  de  ser\ir,  ma  paye  de 
Lieutenant,  En  bon  argent  où  Marchandises  pour  pouvoir  faire  Sub- 

{Tramlation.] 

My  GEtTERAI,: 

I  had  the  honour  to  address  myself  to  Major  John  Williams,  your 
representative,  asking  him  that  either  he  grant  my  discharge  or  give  me, 
in  my  quality  of  gentieman  and  olBct-r  in  the  service  of  Uie  Republic  of 
\lrginia,  which  I  have  the  honor  to  serve,  my  pay  as  a  lieutenant,  in 
good  money  or  merchandise,  so  that  I  might  be  able  to  maintain  my 


DE  MONBREUN'S  SERVICES 


3^5 


sinter  ma  famille  Lequel  ne  ma  pu  accorder  que  des  Provisions  pour 
ma  Subsistance  comme  vous  le  verras  par  Sa  Réponse  cy  Jointe  Que  J'ai 
L'honneur  de  vous  Envoyer  cy  Inclus,  En  conséquente  Mun  général 
Je  me  flatte  que  lorsque  vous  auréa  vu  le  Certificat  de  Monsieur  le 
Colonel  Montgomery  et  La  Réponse  que  M"  Le  Major  Williams  de 
Mes  Services  El  leurs  Incompetence  Malgré  La  bonne  volonté  Que  ces 
Messieurs  avoient  de  vouloir  récompenser  mes  Servii.es  Et  le  Z4te  que 
J'ai  Encore  présentement  désirant  vous  Suivre  dans  L'Expédition  que 
vous  all^s  faire,  Si  toutes  fois  il  vous  plait  m'accorder  La  Subsistance  de 
Ma  famille  pourque  Je  puisse  m'abseiiter  Et  ne  jias  Laisser  ma  famille 
a  la  Mercy  de  mes  ?nus  qui  E^t  une  chose  honteuse  a  un  veritable 
Gentilhomme  tel  que  Je  Suis.  J'espère  Mon  (vénérai  que  m'ap|)uyaiil 
Sur  le  zôle  avec  lequel  Je  desire  Servir  La  patrie  trouver  En  voi:s  toutes 
les  ressources  qu"  me  Seront  nécessaires  pour  Marcher  avec  Confiance 
Sous  vos  drapeaux  o  L'abri  des  quels  un  veritable  Militaire  ne  Desire 
rien  autre  chose. 

Jai  L'honneur  d'6trc  avec  un  profond  respect  Mon  General 
Votre  très  humble  et  très  obéissant  Serviteur 

ThDIO  de  MaNBREim  Lt» 
\TraHslatioH.] 
family.  Majur  Williams  was  able  to  grant  me  nothing  but  provisions 
for  my  subsistence  as  you  will  sec  by  the  answer  ht-rcwiih  enclosed, 
which  I  have  the  honor  to  send  to  you.  Therefore,  my  general,  I 
trust  that  you  will  He  able  to  help  mc,  after  you  will  have  seen  the  cer- 
tificate of  Colonel  Montgomery  and  the  answer  of  Major  Williams 
concerning  my  services  and  their  incapacity  to  recompense  mc  for  my 
services  in  spite  of  the  good  desires  these  gentlemen  had  to  do  so;  and 
when  you  will  have  seen  the  zealous  wish  I  still  have  to  follow  you 
on  the  expedition  which  you  arc  gf>ing  to  make,  if  you  arc  willing,  how- 
ever, to  grant  mc  the  maintenance  for  my  family  so  that  I  can  absent 
mj-sclf  without  leaving  my  f.-unily  to  the  mercy  of  my  friends,  which  is 
a  thing  of  shame  to  a  man  of  noble  birth  such  as  I  am.  I  hope,  my 
general,  that,  in  depending  on  the  zeal  with  which  I  desire  to  serve  my 
country,  I  shall  find  in  you  all  the  resources  which  may  Iw  necessary 
for  mc,  so  that  I  can  march  with  confidence  under  your  banners,  under 
whose  shelter  a  true  soldier  wishes  for  nothing  else, 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  a  profound  respect,  my  general. 
Your  wry  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

TuoTBi  DE  MOKBREiTN,  Lieutenant. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Kaskaskias  le  s"^'  Mars  1782 
\Addressed:]   Monsieur     Monsieur   George    Rogers    Clark    Ecuyer, 
Marccbal  de  camps  Cummandaiit  la  partii:  oricatal  de  la  Virginie 
au  fort  Pi  te. 

\rramlaJiûn.] 

Kaskaskia,  March  5,  17S2. 
[AtiJre^^ed:]    M.    George    Rogers    Clark,    Esquîre,    Field   Marshal, 
commanding  the  Eastern  [su]  part  of  Virginia,  at  Fori  Pitt. 

TiMOTHÉ  WE  MoNBKEUN  lu  George  R.  Clark,  no  date. 

(DnipCTMSS.,  sija6  — A.  L.S.] 

Honneur  de  lb  General 
Mon  general, 

Je  me  fait  l'honneur  de  vous  Ecrire  Se  motte.  Je  Soite  qui  La 
présente  vous  trouve  En  parfaite  Sente.  Mon  general  j'cût  l'honneur 
de  vous  Ecrire  par  Monsieur  Bautelea  (?]  Si  vous  savez  reusu  mallestre 
vous  devez  as  [itiord  iUegibU]  reusu  Les  Sarli&cade  Mon  devoir  par  mes 
Supérieures  qui  y  sont  Ea  joint  as  mallestre.  Mon  general  jay  Eut 
L'honneur  de  madrcs*é  a  Monsieur  Le  major  jan  Williams  pour  lui  de- 
mander Mesapoinlemenl  et  ma  Raslion.  comme  il  me  Lavait  accordé 
pour  mes  appointemcnt  il  na  \KUi  me  lascordé  disant  que  las  Devait 
parailtre  as  vous,  pour  que  jcn  («ut  Etre  payé  a  legard  de  La  rastions 
qui  mavait  promie,  il  na  peut  me  ta  faire  donnée  disant  quil  ny  âvoit 
poipl  de  font  je  lui  ay  demandé  Mon  Congé  puis  quil  ne  jjouvoit  Rîea 
Me  donner  Etant  poursuit  par  des  dettes  que  je  dcvoïts  payeté  \7\ 

[Tramlalùtn.] 
My  Genrral: 

I  am  honoring  myself  in  tt-riting  you  a  few  words.  I  trust  that  this 
letter  will  find  you  in  perfect  health.  My  general,  I  had  the  honor  to 
write  to  you  through  M.  Bautelcs  [i*].  If  you  received  my  Iclter  you 
must  [also  have]  received  the  certlûcates  of  my  service  givcE  by  my  su- 
periors, which  were  joined  to  my  letter.  My  general,  I  had  the  honor  to 
address  myself  to  Major  John  Williams  in  order  to  ask  him  for  my 
salary  and  rations,  such  as  be  bad  allowed  me  in  the  past.  This  time 
he  was  not  able  to  grant  me  my  pay,  but  said  that  the  bill  had  to  be 
referred  to  you.  As  for  my  being  paid  the  rations  which  he  had  prom- 
ised, he  is  not  able  to  do  so,  saying  that  there  are  none  m  reserve.  I 
then  asked  for  my  discharge,  since  he  was  able  to  give  me  nothing  and 
I  was  pursued  by  debts  which  I  had  to  pay  and  w&s  obliged  to  sell  in 


L 


DE  MONBREUN'S  SERVICES 


3*7 


oblige  de  vandre  pour  faire  yonneure  as  mes  deltes.  Monsieur  il  ma 
Rcpond  quil  ne  pouvoit  point  me  donne  de  congé  qui  ny  avoit  que  vous 
seul  qui  pouvoit  faire  cela  quoy  que  cetoit  que  ma  parolle  Domi&  qiie 
je  ccrvirais  en  qualités  de  Lieutenant  Sous  Les  ordre  du  colonel  Clark. 
Et  moy  m^mc  Rcgardan  mas  parrole  Comme  un  [word  Sl^rgible]  aux 
prais  de  vous  mon  general  j'aviai,  Ktte  Bien  mortifid  de  moy  mime 
das  voire  ut  Lidcz  de  faire  aux  qucn  natgajcmen.  Mon  general  jay 
espérez  jusque  ce  jour  je  me  flatte,  que  vous  aurez  tout  Egard  pour 
moi,  pour  me  faire  livres  d'apajws  [word  îlUgihle]  ma  rastions.  Jusque 
moy  de  février  le  ai  de  Lane  mille  et  sen  catre  vin  d'un  mon  conte  vous 
ccra  présenté  par  le  major  Williams,  jcspere  mon  general  que  m'ap* 
puyant  Suer  Le  zcllc  avec  La  quelle  je  desire  Service  La  patrie  trouvara 
en  voiis  toiitc  Les  Resource  qui  me  seront  Nécessaire  pour  ALarchcr 
avec  confiance  sou  V03  drapau  telle  qu  un  veritable  millitcre  qui  ne 
Desire  Rien  autre  chose  jay  l'honneur  Deltre  avec  un  profond  Raispact 
Mon  general! 

Votre  ires  Sommble  Et  très  obeisant  Serviteur 

Thikote  dk  Monbreun  Le'" 


[Translation.] 
order  to  meet  said  obligations.  He  answered  me,  sir,  that  he  was  not 
able  Vi  grant  me  a  discharge,  that  you  were  (he  ooly  one  who  could  do 
that,  even  though  it  was  only  by  promise  that  I  was  serving  as  lieu- 
tenant under  the  order  of  Colont-t  Clark,  And  I  myself  consider  my 
word  as  an  [oatb]  to  you,  my  general.  I  was  quite  mortified  at  not  being 
able  to  procure  anything.  My  general,  I  have  wailed  until  this  day. 
I  trust  that  you  will  ba^-e  all  due  consideration  for  me  in  this  matter, 
in  order  to  have  delivered  my  pay  and  rations  up  lo  February  21, 1781. 
My  bill  will  be  presented  to  you  by  Major  Williams.  I  hope,  my 
general,  that  in  dfjjcndîng  on  the  zeal  with  which  I  desire  to  serve  the 
country,  I  shall  find  in  you  all  the  resources  that  may  be  necessary  for 
me  so  that  I  may  march  with  confidence  under  your  banners  as  a  true 
soldier  who  desires  nothing  more.  I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  a  pro> 
found  respect,  my  general, 

Vour  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

TIMOTHÉ   HE   MONBRECK,  LtEUTF.NANT.' 

>  In  (lir  rrpcitl  of  Ihr  W«*tmi  coRiinn«lunrt>  wait  mil  l>ir  \'irKi<ibi  Ja  i;8>,  ■!  jp,  4|i,  â  found  II» 
Mlo«tii<  «May:  "Alto  linil.  Monbrun  I'jy  rulr  Ircim  ibf  tiili  ul  ^t^jr  17^  till  ibt  nth  of  May 
itSi,  at  i6|  Dollvi  p.  Moinlh  Aini.'iini  tua  I  I'Jlin  'tin-  Kuiril  I'hilI  iIui  l,icul,  Monlwuii  VM  with- 
ontB  oominiidihefmier  pBTiol  tbc  lim?  ipcciiiol  in  thit  I'ly  lUik.  but  apiirovc  Uw  Cliiim  from  ite 
RKMtntnmilatkxu  anomianTiiig  it.  nhicli  aic  ctioArmod  by  itic  Rcpiirl  oT  Ocal  CUiL." 


3*8 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Rkbako  Winston  Aknoonces  Appointuent  of  De  MoxBREtrN. 

Januar}-3i,  1783- 
[R.  MSS.,  Court  RecoH.  t.  5.] 

A%'ERT1SE1IENT 

En  Consequance  de  laffiche  qui  nous  a  été  Envoyée  par  Messieurs 
Les  Commissionaires  qu'il  a  plû  a  Son  Excclance  Le  Gouverneur 
d'Envoyer  dans  notre  voisinage  a  la  chuie  de  Loyo,  pour  nous  donner 
L'avantage  Et  aisance  de  régler  nos  comptes  Et  tirer  les  sommes  que 
l'état  sera  dans  le  Cas  de  nous  devoir.  C'est  pourquoy  le  soussgné 
ayant  des  comptes  a  rendre  audit  Etat  Et  voulant  profiler  d'une  occasion 
si  favorable;  part  incessament  Ce  qui  l'oblige  d'avertir  le  public  par 
ces  présentes  que  tous  ceux  qui  ont  des  Comptes  a  Sa  charge  De  telle 
nature  qu'ils  puissent  eue  de  venire  régler  avec  lui  sous  huit  jours  datte 
des  présentes  faute  De  quoy  il  declare  quil  fera  Son  voyage  Et  proteste 
Contre  toutes  poursuites  que  Ion  pourvoit  Exercer  Contre  lui  et  Contre 
tout  ce  qui  lui  a  partint  pendant  ^m  absence. 

Et  comme  La  charge  quil  a  L'honneur  d'occuper  F.n  qualité  de 
Commandant  de  cette  Comté  ne  peut  pas  rester  vacante  il  declare  au 


\Transtatiom.] 

Notice 

In  consequence  of  the  placard  which  has  l>ecn  sent  to  us  by  the 
commissioners,  whom  it  has  pleased  his  Excellency  the  Governor  to 
send  into  our  neighborhood,  at  the  falls  of  the  Ohio,  to  gi\*e  us  an  easy 
opportunity  to  settle  our  accounts  and  withdraw  the  sums  of  money 
lliat  the  state  owes  us,  it  is  for  this  reason  that  the  imdcr-ugncd,  because 
be  has  accounts  to  render  to  the  said  state  and  wishes  to  profit  by  an 
occasion  so  favorable,  is  setting  out  immediately.  This  obliges  him  to 
inform  the  public  by  these  presents  that  all  those  who  have  accounts 
against  him  of  whatever  character  can  bring  them  to  a  settlement  with 
bim  within  a  week  dating  from  these  presents.  In  default  of  such 
settlement,  he  declares  that  he  will  make  his  journey  and  protest  against 
all  suits  that  are  brought,  during  his  absence,  against  him  and  all  that 
belongs  to  him. 

And  since  the  ofl&ce  of  commandant  of  this  county,  which  he  has  the 
boikor  to  occupy,  cannot  remain  vacant,  he  declares  to  the  public  that 


MEMORIAL  OF  INHABITANTS,  MARCH  i.  1783  399 

public  quil  nomme  pur  oes  preacnlea  La  personne  de  M""  ihimytéc  de 
MoDbnin  Bcuyer,  oilîcier  dans  Le  Scr\ice  de  L'état  pour  nous  rem- 
placer jusqu'à  ce  quil  En  soil  ordonné  [>ar  Le  Gouvernement  lui  con- 
noissant  tous,  les  talans  et  Capacité  requis  pour  Ladite  chargo  En- 
joignons a  tous  les  fidcls  Sujets  de  l'etat  De  le  reconnoitre  pour  leur 
Commandant  Et  de  lui  obcîcr  En  tout  Ce  qui]  leur  Commandera  pour 
le  Service  de  l'etat  Et  La  tranquillté  publique  aux  Caskakias  le  ai 
Janvier  1783  signé  RtcH.  Winston 

Enregistré  au  greffe  La  vingt  unième  janvier  mil  Sept  cent  quatre 
vingt  trob.    En  la  page  254,  353.  folio  5      Pre  Langlois  Greffier 

[Translation.] 
he  names  by  these  presents  the  person  of  M.  Timothé  de  Monbreun, 
Esquire,  officer  in  the  service  of  the  state,  knowing  him  to  possess  all  the 
talent  and  the  capacity  required  for  this  office,  to  take  his  place  until 
such  time  as  orders  shall  be  sent  by  the  government.  We  enjoin  all  the 
faithful  subjects  uf  the  state  to  recognize  him  as  their  commandant  and 
to  obey  him  in  all  tfiat  he  shall  comraand  them  to  do  for  the  service  of 
the  state  and  the  public  tranquillity.    At  Kaskaskia,  January  21, 1783. 

(Signed)  Ricbard  Winston. 
Recorded  at  the  clerk's  office  January  n,  1783,  on  pages  254,  255, 
lolio  5.  Pierre  Langlois,  Clerk. 


MeUORXAL  Of  THE  IrmABITAKTS  OF  ILLINOIS  lO  THE  COMMISSIONERS 

OÏ  THE  State  of  Virginia,  March  1,  1783. 
[M.  C,  T.  MSS.— A.  D.] 
Aux  honorables  Commissionaires  Des  Etats  de  la  Vir^nie,  actuelle- 
ment A  la  chute. 
Messieurs, 

Les  tiabilans  des  iUînoîs,  Se  Seroit  flattés  que  La  Reception  gen- 
ereuse  par  Eux  faîtte  a  Monsieur  Le  General  Clark,  et,  a  son  dctache- 

{Translafion.] 

To  the  Honorable  Commissioners  of  the  State  of  Virginia,  now  at  the 

Falls. 
Gestlzmek  : 

The  inhabitants  of  Iltimiis  had  baaed  (heir  hopes  upon  the  generous 
reception,  which  they  gave  lo  General  Clark  and  his  detachment  upon 


I 


3JO  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

m«ot  Lors  He  son  orrïvée  \sic\  dans  Ce  pals;  Le  SacriCcc  qu'ils  i 
fait,  de  Leurs  Revenus  lunt,  des  terres  que  tout  autres  Provision  de 
Bouche  de  Guerre,  et  marchandises  Avec  un  zctc,  qui  Lui  a  EWdcnorat 
Prouvé  ainsy  qu'a  tous  I^s  ofTiders  qui  Laccompagnoit,  Combien  Les 
dits  habiians  etoîl  Satisfait  de  L'a  Digne  aUiance  qu'unit  Les  Efals 
de  Lamerique;  A>*ec  Leur  ancien  souverain,  et  le  desire  ardent  qu'ils 
avoit  de  s'accosiér,  aux  Principes  d'une  Liberté,  dont  jusqu'à  present 
ils  n'en  Connoysscnt  pas  La  douceur,  malgré  que  parmi  eux  il  Sen 
trou^'e  avoir  Essayé  a  (aire  pénétrer  jusqu'au  tribunal  souverain,  par 
Le  Ministère  de  quelque  Particulier,  I^tat  deplorable,  ou  Les  hahitans 
se  trouvent  par  l'horrible  administration,  des  Chefs  et  des  troupes  |)cn- 
dant  Leur  séjour  aux  illinois;  et  ^n  que  vous  Soyez  véritablement 
Convaincu,  ils  vous  prient  Messieurs  de  Recevoir  de  bonne  part  Le 
tableau  des  Griefs,  qu'ils  ont  L'honneur  de  vous  adresser;  en  Ke]>on3e 
de  L'avis  qu'il  vous  a  plû  Leur  donner,  oddre&sé  à  la  Cour  de  notre 
district;  Voicy  Les  faits, 

I-e  General  Clark  arriva  aux  ilUnoîs  En  Mil  sept  Cents  Soixente  et 
dix  huits,  avec  Son  dctachemeni  nous  Le  Reçûmes  a  Bras  ouvert» 

[Translation.] 

Iheîr  arrivai  în  this  country,  and  the  sacrifices,  which  they  hai*e  made 
of  their  revenues,  both  of  their  lands  and  of  other  prm-isions  of  war  and 
merchandise,  with  a  zeal  which  evidently  proved  to  General  Clark  and 
to  the  officers  who  accompanied  him  how  satisfied  were  the  inhabitants 
with  the  worthy  alliance  which  unites  the  states  of  America  with  their 
former  sovereign,  and  the  ardent  desire  which  they  had  lo  attune  them- 
selves to  the  principles  of  liljerty,  of  which,  up  to  the  present  time,  they 
do  not  know  the  mildness,  in  spite  of  the  fact  thai  there  are  some  amongst 
them  who  have  tried  through  the  agcncj*  of  individuals  to  bring  before 
the  sovereign  tribunal  the  deplorable  condition  in  which  the  inhabitants 
are  on  account  of  the  horrible  administration  of  the  leaders  and  the  troops 
during  their  stay  in  Illinois.  And  in  the  hope  that  you  may  really  be 
convinced  [the  aforesaid  inhabitants)  pray  you,  gentlemen,  to  accept 
in  good  part  the  account  of  their  grievance»,  which  they  have  the  honor 
to  address  to  you  in  response  to  the  notice  which  it  has  pleased  you  to 
q)vc  them,  and  which  was  addressi-d  to  the  Court  of  our  district.  Here 
arc  the  facts; 

General  Clark  arrived  in  Illinois  in  1778  with  his  detachment.    We 


flattés  d'uQC  ample  Protection  que  nous  desirions  depuis  longtcms, 
Ce  Détachement  manquoil  de  tout,  et  nous  avançons  avec  vérité  qu'il 
ctoit  tout  nud,  mais  Les  manières  honnêtes  de  Monsieur  Le  General 
Clark  et  de  ses  officiers,  sur  Ce  qu'il  nous  assura  avoir  des  ordres  de 
lirerc  sur  Monsieur  PoUoq  agent  Des  Etals  de  La  Virginie  a  la  N'^' 
Orleans  il  na  pas  eu  de  peine  de  Se  procurer  tout  Ce  qu'il  a  eu  Besoin, 
pour  un  Numéraire,  En  Cartes  Courantes  qu'il  a  Répandue  En  quantité 
tant  Sur  notre  Rive  que  Sur  Celle  D  Espagne,  Sur  le  pied  de  la  Piastre 
Sonnanl  d  Espagne,  dont  tous  nos  Effets  Lui  ont  été  fourni  au  même 
Prix  et  Conditions,  nous  nous  (laitons  que  Lui  seul  suffira  ]>uur  nous 
Justifier  de  ce  que  nuus  vous  avançons. 

Il  paroit  Messieurs  que  vous  désirés  d'avoir  Des  Etats  ou  Comptes 
de  fourniture  de  Notre  Part,  chose  impossible,  a  chaque  Remise  ou 
Vente  Les  Commandants  ou  Commissaires  nous  payaient  avec  Celle 
monayc  ou  des  Reconnoissances  el  Lors  que  nous  I<es  Represenlions 
iU  Le»  Substiloît  en  Lettres  d'Echage  Sur  Monsieur  Polocq  ou  Sur 
La  Virginie,  et  Les  ctals  Et  Comptes  Kestoit  au  Pouvoir  du  Comman- 


{Translaiiott.\ 
received  him  with  open  arms,  confident  of  an  ample  protection  which 
we  had  desired  for  a  long  time.  The  detachment  was  in  need  of  every- 
thing and  wc  assert  Ihal  they  were  almost  naked;  but  on  account  of  the 
honorable  bearing  of  General  Clark  and  his  officers,  and  because  he 
assured  us  that  be  had  orders  to  draw  on  M.  Pollock.,  an  agent  of  the 
Slate  of  Virginia  at  New  Orleans,  he  had  no  dîfîiculty  in  procuring 
all  he  needed  in  exchange  for  a  currency  in  the  form  of  paper  money' 
which  be  circulated  in  great  quantities  both  on  our  shore  and  the 
Spanish  at  the  rale  of  the  hard  piaUre  of  Spain  ;  and  alt  our  goods  were 
furnished  them  at  that  same  price  and  on  that  condition.  We  trust 
that  his  testimony  will  be  sufficient  to  justify  the  cUtîms  that  we  are 
making  you. 

It  seems,  gentlemen,  that  you  desire  lo  have  statements  or  accounts 
of  the  supplies  furnished  by  us,  a  thing  which  Is  impossbile;  for  at  every 
delivery  or  sale  the  commanders  or  commissaries  used  to  pay  us  with 
that  money  or  with  rec«pts  and  when  wc  prescnlcd  the  latter  they  would 
exchange  them  fur  letters  of  exchange  on  M.  Pollock  or  the  Stale  of 
Vir^nia  and  the  statements  and  accounts  would  remain  in  the  hands  of 

t  "  Gndnraial*." 


33» 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


dant;  des  peuples  au£sy  Elwgncs  du  tribunal  Sfjuverun  et  pzeveflOs 
de  La  Douceur  d'uti  Gou^'erneoient  ju&te  osperoit  depuis  Loogtems 
Pouvoit'il  S'immagiimer  qu'il  Seroit  possible  qu'il  peut  eaunaoer  de 
sa  part  une  monoye  iaunagiD^uie,  pouvoit  il  Simmaginer  non  plus, 
qu'un  of&cier  Commandé  Par  Ses  ordres  D'eul  Leur  Laisser  ignorer, 
que  Cette  monnoye  souSroit  un  discredit,  nous  L'avons  néammoins 
Reçue  pour  une  Valeur  intrinsèque,  mats  aussy  cette  Confiance  aveugle 
nous  a  Réduit  dans  La  dernière  des  Misère  obligés  de  diminuer  de  La 
moitié  nos  semmences  faute  d'avoir  Les  moyens  de  vous  procurer  une 
livre  de  fer  pour  Racommoder  nos cbemiesn'ayant  pour  toute  Resource 
qu'n  Numeraire  du  Provenu  tant  de  nos  terres  que  de  Marchandises 
converti  La  Plus  Grande  Partie  en  Lettres  de  changes  que  Les  uns  ont 
(ait  passée  par  La  voye  de  La  N"*  Orleans,  et  Les  autres  par  terre  Et 
enfin  Les  autres,  toujours  flattées  de  Lcquité  Du  Gouvernement,  Les 
gardent  eu  Leur  Pouvoir  Persuadé  qu'étant  bien  informé  de  la  Venté 
de  CCS  faits  il  Sera  trop  juste  pour  RcpcNidrv  et  Garantir  La  Conduite 
des  chefs  qui  nous  ont  Commandés;   Sans  Exiger  que  nous  et  nos 

[Translation.]  ■ 

the  commanders.  Could  a  people  who  were  so  far  distant  from  the 
bOverei(^  tribunal  and  had  been  told  of  the  kindness  of  a  just  guvem- 
ment,  so  long  desired,  iminpnc  (hat  it  would  issue  an  imaginary  money? 
Could  tliey  imagine,  moreover,  that  aa  oQlcer,  acting  according  to  its 
orders,  would  allow  them  to  remain  ignorant  that  this  currency  was  dis- 
credited ?  We  have  received  it,  nevertheless,  at  its  face  value  ;  but,  also, 
this  blind  confidence  has  reduced  us  to  the  grealecit  poverty  and  has 
obliged  us  to  diminish  our  crops  by  half,  since  we  did  not  have  the  means 
to  procure  a  single  pound  of  iron  with  which  to  repair  our  plows,  for  our 
only  resource  was  a  paper  money  '  given  in  return  fi>r  the  products  of  our 
land  and  for  our  merchandise,  which  had  been  converted  for  tlie  most 
part  into  tetters  of  exchange.  Some  of  us  sent  these  by  way  of  New 
Orleans  and  others  by  land,  white  others,  still  confiding  in  the  justice  of 
the  government,  arc  keeping  them  in  their  possession,  feeling  sure  that 
once  the  government  is  well  informed  of  the  truth  of  all  these  facts,  it 
will  be  loo  just  to  take  the  responsibility  of  shielding  the  conduct  of  the 
leaders  who  have  commanded  us,  and  to  require  thai  we  and  our  neigh- 
bors on  the  Spanish  shore  should  be  the  only  victims  of  our  excessive 
confidence. 

I  Or:  ">n  cuumcralicni  o(  lti«  pradncU"  nc 


MEMORIAL  OF  INHABITANTS,  MARCH  i,  1783  333 

Compatriotes  sis  Sur  La  rive  d'espagoe  Soyons  Les  Seuls  Victimes  de 
noire  Grande  Confiance. 

Monsieur  ]-e  General  Clark  nous  quitta  quelque  tems  après  La 
Conquette  du  Poste  vinçcnncs  entre  Les  mains  de  Monsieur  hamilton, 
ou  nôtre  jeunesse  L'accompagna  avec  Le  même  xcle,  qui  nous  a  porté 
toujours,  a  fournir  aujt  troupes  Leurs  Subsistance  il  fut  substituer  Par 
Le  Colonel  Montgomery,  d'ont  L'administration  tiraniquc  qu'il  a 
Pratiqué  parmy  nous,  mérite  Messieurs  L'attention  La  plus  Particu- 
lière de  votre  Part  ;  mais  avant  d'entrer  dans  un  detail  aussy  Effrayant, 
nous  Croyons  devoir  vous  Informer,  Messieurs  que  Monsieur  Le 
Colonel  Tode  Venu  icy  quelque  tems  avent  Le  depart  de  du  [sk]  Gen- 
eral Clark  pour  y  établir  une  Cour  de  judicature  et  quelques  regie  dans 
Les  finances  n'a  cru  devoir  nous  informer  du  discredit  du  numeraire 
Rependû  En  quantité  par  my  [sk\  nous  qu'a  près  L'acquisition  Sur 
La  Rive  despagne  d'une  quantité  de  pelleteries  qu'il  Paya  en  Lettres 
déchange  Sur  La  Virginie;  Epoque  fatale  de  notre  ruine  puis  qu'il 
annonça  peut  de  tems  Aprfcs  qu'il  y  avoit  quantité  de  faux  argent,  qu'il 
Recconnut,  et  Cota,  a  chaque  particuliers,  qui  jusqu'à  Lors  guidés 
de  La  meilheure  foy  du  mond  avoir  Reçue  sur  Le  pied  de  La  valeur 


[Translation.] 
General  Clark  left  us  some  time  after  the  capture  of  Post  Vincennes 
from  the  bands  of  M.  Hamilton,  whither  our  young  people  accompanied 
him  with  tlie  same  zeal  that  has  always  induced  us  to  furnish  to  the  troops 
their  subsistence.  His  place  was  taken  by  Colonel  Montgomery,  whose 
tyrannical  administration  as  he  practiced  it  amongst  us  deserves,  gentle- 
men, the  most  careful  attention  on  your  part.  But  before  entering  into 
such  a  frightful  detail,  we  think  it  is  our  duty  to  inform  you,  gentlemen, 
that  Colonel  Todd,  who  came  here,  some  time  belorc  the  departure  of 
General  Clark,  in  order  to  establish  a  court  of  judicature  and  a  little 
order  in  the  finances,  did  not  believe  it  his  duty  to  inform  us  of  the  depre- 
dation of  the  paper  money  which  had  been  circulated  amongst  us  in  such 
great  quantities,  until  after  the  purchase,  on  the  Spanish  shore,  of  a  quan- 
tity of  peltries  for  which  he  paid  in  letters  of  exchange  on  Virginia.  It 
was  the  fatal  epoch  of  our  ruin,  for  he  announced,  a  short  time  (hereafter, 
that  there  was  a  quantity  of  counterfeit  money  which  he  identified  and 
valued  for  each  indi^ndual  who,  guided  by  the  best  intentions  in  the 
world,  bad  received  It  up  to  that  time  at  the  same  rate  as  tbe  ordinary 


334 


ILLINOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


ordinaire  De  La  piastres  sonnante,  en  fournissant  Lea  objets,  virrea  Sec 
pour  tel  argent  et  au  mtoie  prix  que  Le  Gouvememenl  despagne  Les 
payoit;  Pour  Comble  de  malheur  Monsieur  Polocq,  h  fait  introduire 
dans  Ces  Circonstances  quantité  de  Boissons  fortef,  et  quelque  Mar- 
chandises i>ar  diOcrcntes  Creatures,  avec  ordres  de  vendre  aux  amér- 
icains, en  Lettre  de  change  Sur  luy,  ou  Sur  La  Virginie  soient  aux  troupes 
ou  a  Ceux  qui  voudroit  Le  payer  en  Cette  monnoye  Le  discredit  Connu, 
joint  a  La  nesesité  urgente  de  quelque  pauvre  babitant  il  n'a  pas  eu 
de  peines  d'accumulere  des  Sommes  au  deLa  de  L'imagination,  Par 
Le  prix  Exorbitant  qu'il  a  fait  placer  Ses  eSets  aux  troupes  et  au  pauvres 
C^-toyens  dont  L'tnposâibilité  de  pouvoir  faire  Subsister  Leur  familles 
Les  à  obligés  à  faire  des  Sacriâces  duii  argent  qui  Leur  Coutoît 
Si  cber  et  gagné  aussi  Legilemement  ; 

Monaeur  Iode  ivtat.  Sont  depart  ctablll  Par  la  voye  du  peuple  et 
par  une  assemblée  Légale  une  Cour  de  judicature;  et  Committoona 
de  son  propre  mou%-emcnt  Monsieur  Richard  Winston  De  la  charge  de 


[Translation.] 

value  of  the  hard  piastre,  when  furnishing  different  things,  supplies,  etc., 
for  the  said  money,  and  at  the  same  price  that  the  govcrnmctii  of  Spun 
was  paying  them.  To  cap  the  climax  of  their  misfortune,  under  these 
conditions,  M.  Pulluck  sent  by  certain  of  his  tools  a  quaniit}'  of  strong 
drink  and  some  merchandise  with  orders  to  sell,  for  letters  of  exchange 
onhimsclf  or  Virginia,  to  the  Americans,  either  the  troopa  or  those  who 
were  wnlUng  to  pay  in  this  money,  after  its  discredit  was  known.'  On 
account  of  the  urgent  necessity  of  some  poor  inhabitants,  he  had  no 
great  diSiculty  in  gathering  sums  past  all  power  of  imagination,  by 
charging  the  exorbitant  jmccs,  which  he  placed  on  the  goods  sold  to  the 
troops  and  the  poor  citizens,  who  were  obliged,  on  account  of  the  impossi- 
bility of  supporting  their  families  otherwise,  to  sacrifice  a  money  which 
cost  tbem  so  much  and  had  been  so  legitimately  earned. 

M.  Todd,  before  his  departure,  established  by  the  votes  of  the  peo- 
ple in  a  legal  assembly  a  court  of  law.*  He  also  gave,  on  his  own  initia- 
tive, a  commission  of  lieutenant-governor  of  this  district  to  M.  Richard 


f  lUi  nttn  to  wMie  gcMcb  brousTti  (rant  N«w  Oriwn*  hj  linditv,  (fac  dbpoa)  of  «Uch 
ebandmi  John  Uodio.    Cunmift  M'Caity'»  letln  io  t'oclil.  UcioVin'  14,  ifSo,  and  Wi»> 


•PanEbln 

mu  nni  In  ttie  I _ 

■lon'i  ta  Todd,  OcutMr  14.  Chi.  wtx.  Sockiy'i  CoUccimi.  tv..  ,U7.  an- 

I  Sob  amit.  p.  8e  rf  itq. 


MEMORIAL  OF  INHABITANTS,  MARCH  i,  1783  335 

LkBtcnarit  Gouverneur  de  Ce  district,  Mais  Comme  Ces  Règlements 
Regardent  particulieiement  Ladît  Cour,  Nous  Kcviendron  a  L'adnÛD- 
istraiion  Du  Colonel  MoDgomery. 

Cet  oHicier  prit  Le  commandement  de  Ce  Pais  et  de  La  Garnison 
que  y  Resta,  La  Bonne  Reputation  qu'il  avoît  acquise  par  Sa  douceur 
el  Par  Sa  Conduite  irreprocbabte  ne  nous  Laissa  aucun  doute,  que  Sous 
Son  Commandement,  nous  ne  serions  pas  moins  heureux  que  Sous  Ce 
Lui  du  Colonel  Clark,  Mais  qu'elles  scroit  Les  Expressions  dont  nous 
devrions  nous  Servir,  pour  vous  établir  un  tableau  de  sa  conduite  envers 
nous,  Les  affrlcains  usant  de  Leur  pouvoir  despotique  Rougeioît  des 
Ëxçes  qu'il  a  pratiqué  parmis  nous. 

Nous  Noua  plaignîmes  de  La  grande  Consomation  de  vivres  qu'il 
faisoit  pour  Si  peut  Pc  troupes,  après  noua  être  appcrçû  que  quantité 
de  personnes,  et  Esclaves  non  altachécsau  services  vivoit  ànasdepcns; 
et  Se  procuroit  pat  cette  voyc  Leur  Bois  de  Chouffage;  et  autres  pro- 
vision; Pendant  que  nos  familles  Gemîssoîl,  el  Se  SacriGoit  avec  nous 
a  fin  que  Les  officiers,  et  La  troupe  pussent  trouver  Leur  subsistance 
du  provenu  de  nos  travaux  il  parroissoit  sensible  a  nos  justes  Raisons, 

[Translalion.] 
Winston.    But  as  these  arrangements  concern  in  particular  the  said 
court,  wc  sliall  return  to  the  administration  oî  Colonel  Montgomery. 

This  officer  took  the  command  of  this  country  and  of  the  jjarrison 
that  remained,  here.  The  good  reputation,  which  he  had  acquired  by 
his  kindness  and  irreproachable  conduct,  gave  us  the  assurance  that 
under  his  command  wc  should  not  be  leas  happy  than  under  the  com- 
mand of  General  Clark.  But  what  expressions  can  we  use  in  order  to 
give  you  a  picture  of  his  conduct  towards  us?  Africans,  making  use  of 
their  despotic  power,  would  blush  at  the  excesses  that  he  practiced 
amongst  us. 

After  wc  had  perceived  thai  many  persons  and  slaves  not  at  all  con- 
nected with  the  sen-ice  were  living  at  our  expense  and  were  procuring 
for  themselves  in  this  way  ihetr  firewood  and  other  provisions,  while  our 
own  families  were  moaning  and  making  sacrifices  .so  thai  the  officers  and 
the  troops  could  find  their  subsàâlcnce  oui  of  the  proceeds  of  our  labor, 
we  complained  to  him  of  the  great  consumption  of  .-iupplies  that  be  was 
making  for  so  few  troops.*    He  seemed  sensible  of  our  just  reasoning 

*  Sm  «ofe,  p.  t^a. 


336  nXINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECPIONS 

et  nous  assurait  que  ses  ordres  étant  de  tirer  Sur  La  Virginie  que  nous 
serions  Eiactemcnt  payes.  Comme  nous  devions  L'être  pour  Les  Lettres 
de  change  tirées  Sur  Monsieur  Pofocq  par  le  General  Clark  Cet  agent, 
nous  à  payé  avec  de  très  Bonnes  Raisons  mais  jusqu'à  Present  nous 
sommes  a  Rcce**oir  un  Sol; 

Le  discrdit  [sU]  Connu,  ni  Ce  défaut  de  payement  ne  nous  Empêcha 
pas  néanmoins,  de  fournir  Exactement  La  subsistance  au  troupes,  et 
en  Genre,  aux  prix  ordinaire,  et  Courant  dans  Ce  païs  Sur  Le  pied  de 
La  Piastres  Sonnante,  mais  Soit  qu'il  ail  Crû  que  nos  Rcprcscntalicms 
prcçcdenics  attaquoit  sonaulhorilé;  ou  qu'il  ait  imprudemment  écouté 
Les  Conseils  que  Luy  a  donné  Ce  même  Lieutenent  Gouverneur  Richard 
Winston  ;  que  nous  étions  accoutumes  detre  menés  a  Coup  De  Bayon- 
nete  ;  et  qu'il  pouvoit  prendre  Che  nous  tout  Ce  qu'il  voudroit  d'author- 
ité  il  a  osé  sans  Craindre  de  dégradée  son  eUt  et  Lbonneur  de  La  nation  ; 
De  faire  tuer  nos  Bcslicaux  dans  nos  plaines,  nos  Boeufs  de  Cbarrûe, 
vaches  a  Lait,  et  pcrçcaux  dans  nos  propres  Clos,  sans  que  nos  plaintes 
nous  ait  procuré  d'autre  satisfaction  de  La  part  De  Ces  Suidais  furieux 
que  des  menaces  Les  plus  Barbares  de  Leurs  Carabines;  nous  avons 

\TranslatioH.] 
and  assured  us  that,  since  he  had  orders  to  draw  on  the  State  of  Virginia, 
we  should  be  exactly  paid  as  we  ought  to  be  for  the  letters  of  excbange 
drawn  on  M.  Pollock  by  General  Clark.  This  agent  paid  us  with  very 
good  reasons,  but  up  to  Ibe  present  day  we  bave  not  received  a  single 
cent. 

Although  (he  discredit  of  the  money  and  the  default  in  pajTnenfs  were 
known,  still  this  did  not  prevent  us  front  furnishing  subsistence  to  the 
troops,  in  kind  and  at  the  current  prices  in  this  country  at  the  rate  of  the 
hard  piastre;  but  whether  he  thought  that  our  former  remonstrances 
were  an  attack  upon  his  authority  or  he  had  imprudently  listened  to  tbe 
counsels  that  were  pven  to  him  by  that  same  Lieutenant-Governor 
Richard  Winston,  who  told  him,  that  we  were  accustomed  lo  be  driven 
at  the  point  of  the  bayonet,  and  that  he  could  take  by  authority  from  our 
homes  anything  he  might  wish,  he  dared  without  fearing  to  degrade  his 
position  and  the  honor  of  the  nation,  to  cause  to  be  killed  in  our  commons 
our  animals,  our  oxen,  and  our  milch  cows,  and  in  our  very  yards  our 
swine;  and  our  complaints  have  procured  for  us  no  other  satisfaction  on 
tbe  part  of  these  ferocious  soldiers  than  the  most  barbarous  threats  with 


MEMORIAL  OF  INHABITANTS,  MARCU  i,  1783  337 


Easuyé  toutes  Ces  horreur  avec  une  patiançc  dont  il  ny  a  eu  janub 
d'«emi>lc  ;  Toujours  Constants  dans  la  fidélité  que  nous  avons  promiae 
aux  Etats  unis,  cl  persuadas  qu'un  tems  plus  heureux  et  La  Connoiasançe 
que  prendroit  Le  tribunal  souvcrin,  de  notre  Malheureuse  situation, 
nous  vengeroit  avec  faveur  et  Equité,  de  tous  Ces  Excès  de  liranic; 

La  devastation  que  nous  avons  Essuyé,  ayant  nus  Lepouvantc 
Parmis  plusieurs  Cytoyens  hors  detat  daEUeurs  de  Culti^-é  Les  terres 
par  la  perte  de  Leurs  Boeufs  de  tire,  et  de  Leurs  vaches,  par  La  rruauté 
des  ordres  de  Ce  Commandant,  nombre  d'eux  ont  pris  Le  parti  dabban- 
donner  Ce  distrit  Pour  ly  chercher  dnns  dautres  pa!s  un  asile  ou  ils 
trouvent  La  protection  qui  est  dUe  aux  peuples  Civilizes,  Nous  avons 
Garde  de  Croire  Messieurs  que  cette  Conduite  Si  contraire  à  L'humanité 
à  L'a  droiture,  et  au  principes  d'un  Sage  Gouvernement,  puisse  Emma- 
ncrdu  tribunal  Supreme;  Nous  ne  Lavons  point  mérité^  au  moins  que 
ce  ne  Soit  pour  avoir  accuîlly  Le  troupes  de  La  Virginie  en  vray  Compa- 
triotes 1x3  avoir  nouris  et  entretenus,  amcme  nos  productions,  de  trois 
a  quatre  années,  pour  un  Numeraire,  que  nous  avons  Re^û  avec  La 
Confiance  dUc  t  un  Gouvernement  Equitable; 

[TraHslaiion.] 
thcîr  guns.  We  have  borne  all  these  horrors  with  a  patience  unpar- 
allelcd,  for  we  wcrec»'cr  faithful  to  the  fidelity  which  we  promised  to  the 
United  States,  and  were  confident  of  the  coming  of  a  more  happy  time 
when  the  sovereign  tribunal  would  have  knowledge  of  our  wretched  situ- 
ation and  would  avenge  us  with  favor  and  justice,  for  all  these  excesses  of 
tyranny. 

Because  the  devastation  we  have  sulTered  has  brought  terror  into 
the  hearts  of  many  dtizens  who  were  already  unable  to  cultivate  the  fields 
on  account  of  the  loss  of  their  oxen  and  their  cows  by  the  cruel  orders  of 
the  commander,  a  number  of  these  dtizens  determined  to  leave  this  dis* 
IricI  to  seek  in  some  other  country  an  abotle  where  they  would  find  the 
protection  which  is  due  to  civilized  people.  We  have  not  been  willing 
to  believe,  gentlemen,  that  this  conduct,  so  contrary  to  humanity  and  to 
justice  and  to  the  principles  of  a  wise  goveraraent,  could  spring  from  the 
supreme  tribunal.  We  have  not  merited  it,  unless  it  be  (or  having 
received  the  troops  of  Virginia  as  (eUow-citizens,  for  having  nourished 
and  maintained  them  with  the  products  of  three  or  four  years,  sold 
for  a  currency  which  we  have  received  with  the  confidence  due  to  a 
just  go\-emment. 


33»  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

SU  y  à  de  La  dessipaiion  dans  Ladmmisiratton  de  Ces  oflictera 
Commandant,  Ce  que  nous  ignorons,  Kn.  Sommes  nous  La  Cause,  ci 
pouvons  nous  rqwndrc  de  La  Confiance  que  Le  Gouvernement  à 
établi  Sur  euï  ;  Ccst  à  Lui  a  reprimer  Les  abus,  et  nous  dedomeger 
des  torts  qu'ils  nous  ont  fait  Contre  L'institution  de  Ce  m£me  Gouverne- 
ment; 

Apres  avoir  cprouvd  notre  patîancc,  et  Certainement  Connu  en  nous 
les  scntimcns  de  wis  Citoyens  et  enfin  Pris  Vis  [\fS.  tofM]ssance  de 
notre  Ruine  total  Monsieur  Le  Colonel  Mongomery  nous  abandonna  a 
notre  Malheureux  Sort,  il  fut  Substituer  par  Le  Captatne  Rogers,  nog 
Pleurs  Commencèrent  a  Cesser  a  Ce  Changement,  Pcrsuadiî  que  le 
dernier  étant  alliée  de  Monsieur  Le  General  Ctork  nous  traiteroit  avec 
Les  Kgaxds,  et  Les  Devoirs  qui  Sont  dû  a  des  fidels  Sujets;  mais  Ce 
Jeune  officier  Sans  doute  infatuiî  du  Commandement  qui  lui  avoit  été 
Confié,  et  Profilant  des  Plâyes  incurable,  d'ont  nous  étions  accablés, 
Crût  dacquerer  Dca  L'auriers,  en  mettant  Les  Comble  à  nos  Malheurs; 
Notre  pays  Rcsscmbloit  a  une  Ville  Prise  dassaul,  et  Livriî  au  Pillage, 
Le  Soldat  armé,  Soit  dans  ta  Plaine  ou  dans  tius  habitations  tuaient  nos 

[TransitUioti.] 

II  there  has  been  any  waste  in  tbc  administration  of  these  command- 
ing officers,  a  thing  ol  which  wc  arc  ignorant,  are  we  the  cause  of  it  ?  And 
arc  we  to  be  held  accountable  for  the  confidence  ihal  the  government 
has  placed  in  them?  It  is  Ihe  government's  duty  to  suppress  these 
abuses  and  to  compensate  us  for  all  the  wrungs  contrary  to  the  law  of 
this  same  government  that  these  commanders  have  made  us  suffer. 

After  he  bad  proved  our  patience  and  certainly  recognized  in  us  the 
feeling  of  zealous  cili/xns  and  in  short  had  had  visible  [demonstration!  uf 
our  total  ruin,  Colonel  Montgomery  abandoned  us  to  our  viretctied  fate. 
His  place  was  taken  by  Captain  Rogers.  Our  sorrows  commenced  to 
cease  at  this  change,  for  we  were  persuaded  that,  since  the  laCier  was  a 
relative  of  General  Clark,  he  would  treat  us  with  some  regard  and  a  sense 
of  the  duty  that  is  due  to  failiifui  subjects. 

But  this  young  officer,  no  doubt  infatuated  by  the  command  that  had 
been  confided  to  him,  and  talting  advantage  of  the  incurable  wounds 
with  which  we  were  suffering,  thought  to  acquire  some  laurels  by  increas- 
ing our  misfortunes  to  the  extreme.  Our  country  seemed  like  &  city 
taken  by  assault  and  delivered  over  to  pillage.    Armed  soldiers,  either  In 


MEMORIAL  OF  INH/VBITANTS,  MARCH  i,  1783  339 

animaux;  Il  a  cû  encore  La  témérité  d'cnvoy<î  par  plusieurs  fois  de 
Platon*  d'hommes  armrfs,  avec  Dcr  chartes  a  La  Porte  de  nos  habita- 
lions  pour  nous  F.nlcvcr  de  force  Le  Bois  de  chaufage  qui  etoît  dcstind 
Pour  notre  propre  usage. 

C'est  avec  douleur  Messieurs  que  nous  nous  voyons  nccessitds  a 
vous  faire  un  Diîtail  du  tableau  frappante  que  nous  prenons  La  Libertd 
de  vous  adresser  nous  ne  doutons  point,  que  vous  aurez  de  la  peine,  a 
vous  persuader,  qu'il  Soit  possible  qu'il  ne  soit  amplifier,  mais  nous  vous 
prions  de  Croire  que  c'est  daprfcs  La  venté  Notre  génie  peu  élevé  nous 
Empêche  même  de  luy  donner  Les  Couleurs  Les  Couleurs  [sic]  Les  Plus 
Sensibles,  et  qui  sûrement  %-os  Coeurs  en  scroient  plus  attendris;  Ce 
même  défaut  de  Génie  ou  La  Sécurité  dans  Laquelle  nous  avons  vhai 
depuis  que  nous  Sommes  Sujet  des  Etats  unis  ne  nous  a  pas  permis  a 
aucun  de  nous  de  tenir  un  journal  de  tout  Les  Griefs  dont  nous  avons 
à  nous  plaindre,  néantmoins  quelques  Pieces  Justificatives  et  relative 
à  Nos  Justes  Plaintes  que  [MS.  Ulegibie]  être  [/\  vous  [i(S.  iUegihle] 
du  véritable  fond  avec  une  Lettre  de  Capitaine  George  Ce  digne  officier 
informé  de  nus  Malheurs  en  vitus  demandant  des  Secours  noua  a  tem- 

[Translaiion.] 
our  commons  or  in  our  homes,  were  killing  our  animals.    He  even  had  the 
audacity  lo  send,  on  several  occasions,  delachmcnid,  of  armed  men  with 
written  orders  to  our  very  doors  to  take  away  by  main  force  our  firewood 
which  was  di'Slined  for  our  own  use. 

It  is  with  wirrow,  gentlemen,  that  we  see  ourselves  obliged  to  detail 
to  you  a  striking  sketch  such  as  we  are  taking  the  liberty  to  send  to 
you.  We  do  not  doubt  but  that  il  will  be  difficult  for  you  to  belie\-e  that 
vl  can  lie  posMble  and  that  we  have  not  exaggerated  it  ;  but  we  beg  you  to 
believe  that  it  is  drawn  according  to  the  truth.  Our  talent,  little  traimd, 
prevents  us  from  even  giving  to  it  the  must  visible  colors,  which  would 
surely  have  more  touched  your  hearts.  This  same  lack  of  talent,  or  the 
feeling  of  security  in  which  we  have  lived  since  wc  have  been  subjects  of 
the  United  States,  has  not  permitted  any  one  of  us  to  keep  an  account  of 
all  the  wrongs  of  which  we  have  to  complain.  Nevertheless  a  few  pieces 
justifying  and  relating  to  our  just  complaints  [.1/5,  iUegible]  of  the  true 
outlay,  together  with  a  letter  from  Captain  George.  When  this  worthy 
officer  was  informed  of  vur  misforluncs,  at  a  time  he  was  asking  for  our 
help,  he  expressed  to  us  his  feeling;  others  beside  him  can  render  to  us 


ILLIXOIS  mSTORlCU-  COU-ECTIONS 

oigne  Sa  Sensibilité,  d'autre  que  Lui  peuvent  nous  Rendre  La  Justice 
que  nous  Méritons,  et  vous.  Messieurs,  Commissi onné  par  nos  iUustrea 
souverains  pour  pénétrer  Jusqu'à  La  source  de  Nos  Meaux;  Nous 
vous  Supplions  d'intercéder  pour  Nous  Leurs  Protection 

Pour  Le  Redressement  des  Griefs  d'ont  nous  nous  Plaignons,  Leur 
faire  entendre  au  Pied  du  tribunal  nos  Gcmissementcs;  et  la  »tuatioas 
déplorables,  ou  Les  trou|)cs  de  Virginie  nous  ont  Rcduit. 

Nous  avons  L'honneur  dctrc  avec  Le  plus  profond  Respect  Vos 
très  humbles,  obéissants  Et  fîdelcs  serviteurs 

Aux  Kadtaskias  Illinois  Le  i*""  Mars  1783 

[Translation.] 

the  justice  which  we  de9er\'e;  and  weprayyou,  gentlemen,  commissioned 
by  our  illustrious  sovereigns  to  penetrate  loihe  very  sources  of  our  wrongs, 
to  intercede  for  their  protection  of  us,  for  the  reparalion  of  the  wrongs 
of  which  we  are  complaining,  to  cause  them  to  hear  our  moans  eveit  at 
the  fool  of  the  tribunal  and  know  the  deplorable  situation  into  which 
the  troops  from  Virpnia  have  reduced  us. 

We  have  the  honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  respect, 
Your  1,-ery  humble,  obedient  and  failhlul  servants 
Kaskaskia,  Illinois,  March  i,  17S3. 


MCMOEIAL  OF  TBE  pBINCIPAL  INHABITANTS  OF  ILLINOIS  tO  THE  COU- 

uissiONEJts  OF  Virginia,  about  March,  17S3. 
[M.  C.  T.  MSS.—  Copy,  not  altered.] 
Representations  des  principaux  babitans  des  ylHnois,  aux  honnorables 
Commissionnaires  pour  Les  Etats  de  Virginie  &c- 

Lcs  Supliants  ont  L'honneur  de  vous  Représenter  très  humblement 
que  depuis  Le  Commencement  de  La  juste  et  nécessaire  Guère  entre  La 
Grand  Bretagne,  et  Les  Etats  unies.  Nous  avons  un  dctacbemcnt  [sk]  Bien 

{Translation.] 

Memorial  of  the  Princi[>al  Inhabitanis  of  lUînois  to  the  Honorable 

Commissioners  of  Virginia. 

The  suppliants  have  the  honor  very  humbly  to  show  you  that,  since 

the  beginning  of  the  just  and  necessary  war  between  Great  Britain  and 

the  United  Slates,  we  have  had  a  very  warm  attachraeni  for  the  liberty 


MEMORIAL  OF  jNÏIABITANTS,  MARCH.  1783  341 

Chaud  pour  ta  Liberté  de  La  Merïque  Comme  nous  avons  étrf  Gouverné 
Parla  Constitutions  des  angljiis,  ce  qui  nous  à  £mp«chér  de  deClarer  nos 
rentables  sentiments  Jusqiuu  moment  que  vous  a>-ez  Envoyé  vos  troupes. 
Pour  nous  SouLBger'dë  notre  Esclavage;  Comme  vos  troups  Ktaitnt 
dénué  de  toOTnecessaire  que  Ce  Soit  Ce  qui  nous  a  donné  occasion  Four 
ConvincTe,  notre  Bonne  intention  pour  Le  Soulagement  des  d' troups  Ea 
Leur  foumi&ant  tout  les  Besoins  que  leur  Nc&ccsité  demandoit,  metanl 
La  plus  Grande  ConËance  dans  Largent  de  papier  Lette  dechange  qui 
nous  ont  donné,  Me*''  Les  Commandant  de  Cette  partie  nous  ayant 
assuré  plusieurs  fois  que  Ce  même  argent  qu'il  ont  introduit  valaient 
piastres  Gourdes  ou  or,  nous  L'avons  Reçue  de  même  nous  avons  Envoyé 
Ces  même  Lettres  déchange  au  personnes  Sur  Les  quelles  elles  Etaient 
tiré  qui  ont  Refusé  a  payé  Et  accepté  La  plus  Grande  partie  Cejxrndant 
nous  avons  toujours  mis  notre  plus  grande  Confiance  au  Gouvernement, 
nous  avons  fournie  touts  Le»  Secours  au  troupes  par  la  force  de  nos 
traveaux  que  nous  avons  Gagnée  |)our  La  subsistance  de  nos  pauvres 
fammiîles  malgré  Cecy  pluàeursdc  vos  Soldats  ont  été  Sur  noire  domaine 
Hier  nos  animaux  de  travaux  vaches  Cochons&c  auquel  il  nous  est  impos- 
sible de  vous  procurer  un  Compte  juste  de  La  perte  qu'il  nous  ont  fait 

(  Translaliotts.] 

of  America.  Since  wc  were  governed  by  English  law,  this  prevented 
us  from  declaring  our  veritable  sentiments  until  the  lime  when  you  sent 
your  troops  to  free  us  from  our  bondage.  Since  your  troops  were  des- 
titute of  all  necessities,  there  was  gi*'cn  us  an  opportunity  to  show  how 
well  disposed  wc  were  for  thctr  welfare  by  furnishing  to  the  said  troop» 
all  that  they  needed-  Wc  placed  the  greatest  confidence  in  the  paper 
money  and  letters  of  exchange  which  they  gave  to  us,  since  the  comman- 
dant of  this  region  assured  us  several  times  thai  this  same  money  which 
they  introduced  was  worth  as  much  as  the  piastre  gourde  or  gold.  Wc 
accepted  it.  Likewise  we  sent  these  same  letters  of  exchange  to  the 
persons  on  whom  they  had  been  drawn,  who  refused  to  pay  and  to  accept 
the  greater  part.  Nevcrlhclesî,  we  have  always  had  the  grcïîlest  con- 
fidence in  the  government.  Wc  have  furnished  all  succor  to  the  troops 
by  giving  the  fruit  of  our  labors  which  we  won  for  the  subsistence  of 
our  ptxir  families.  In  spite  of  all  this  several  of  your  soldiers  have 
entered  upon  our  property,  and  killed  our  domestic  animals,  leasts  of 
burden,  cows,  pigs,  etc.,  concerning  which  it  is  impossible  for  us  to 


54" 


ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  ^^''^'COLLECHONS 


Essuyer  d'oni  nous  en  Rescntons  EnCor"*  "*^'e  wjounUtoi  tous  Les  e 
I..a  preuve  Convaiiniuante  de  Ces  même  £2™'^^|iif  h  Lnleur  oe  vient  9 
mcQi  qucdc  L'itLstigatiimdesfausere|H«i  ^  ^^Muticn du  député  Lieule 
de  Compta  notre  ('om  mandant,  qui  a  persuàcûTuV.-'  fins  Lespnt  de 
mongoramery  Comnianitaiit  Militaire  que  nous  étions  im7*"<upl«  Et 
gir  a  La  Liberté,  que  uuus  citons  une  Baude  de  brutes  £0  un  a^.)t  aa 
Conporé  a  des  Bettes  de  Charge  et  que  nous  devions  £tre  mené  a  Co 
(le  Bare  de  fere  et  Cmjp  de  Bayoonette;  Ne  coonoissant  point  d'ai 
Loix;  doDt  nous  vous  Envoyons  Les  Serments  des  offiders  a  quiJ 
Lieutenant  de  ComptéLa  assurédans  Le  mfime  tems  et  après  avoir  wt 
toutle  Ces  imprecations  Contre  nous;  El  Jouant  Son  Rôle  de  tartufi 
a  eu  Encore  Le  fron  assé  audacieux  de  nous  persuader  que  Le  mîliti 
qui  etoit  venu  prendre  possesion  de  nos  pays  netaicnt  qu'ne  Bande 
brigans  pilleurs  et  volleur  qui  venaient  Exprès  pour  cela,  Ce  sont 
Propres  termes  qui  cesl  seny  pour  nous  animer  Contre  Le  ïlUïta 
dont  il  est  Le  principale  auteur  de  tant  désastres  qui  se  sont  Cou 
Cete  mCme  personc  Continue  a  nous  Commander  qui  a  anûié  Caa 

[TransliJlion.]  ^ 

render  jrou  on  exact  statement  uf  the  loss  they  huve  caused  us»  EW 
effect  of  which  we  feel  even  to  this  day.  The  conclusive  prooh  of  tl: 
same  deeds  and  their  origin  [?]  spring  only  from  the  instigation  and 
false  rcprcsentatiun  ul  ihc  lieutenant  of  the  county,  our  command] 
who  has  caused  M.  Mtmtgumery,  military  a>mmandant,  to  bcli 
that  we  were  a  people  unarquairtlcd  with  liberty  and  a  band  of  brui 
In  a  word  he  aim]>arcd  us  to  l>easts  of  burden,  slating  that  we  ou^ 
be  go\'cmed  by  blows  with  on  Iron  bar  and  at  the  poim  of  the  bayoi 
since  we  knew  no  («her  law.  For  all  these  stiitcmenls  we  are  send 
you  theoathuf  ihcofTiccrsto  whom  the  said  lieutenant  of  the  county  I 
them.'  At  the  same  time  and  after  he  had  vomited  all  these  impit 
tions  against  us,  he  played  his  role  of  Tartufe  and  had  the  impudc 
to  try  to  make  usl)eliev-e  that  themiliiary  which  had  come  to  lake  poa: 
«on  of  OUT  country  was  n<ithing  more  than  a  hand  of  rufTians  and  thie 
who  came  for  that  express  purpose.'  These  are  the  very  terms  t 
he  emplo)^^^  to  instigate  us  against  the  soldiers  and,  therefore,  Eu 
theprindpal  author  of  the  many  disasters  which  have  IxrfaUen  us.  1 
same  person  continues  to  command  us,  he  who  annuled,  broke,  i 

>  Thru  lapm  h<vc  nut  ^rm  fuun'l.  hiil  may  be  la  Ihr  Viriiok  Sisle  tJliralf. 


MEMORIAL   OF  INHABITANTS,  MARCH,  i-jSj  343 

Revocqué,  La  bonne  Loix  que  vous  nous  avé  donné  pour  la  Sûreté  du 
Pays;  pour  Lcmpecher  de  venir  En  Jusllce;  il  na  Pas  Ku  de  peine  de 
gagner  Le  Sieur  Carbonneaux  Grcflicr  du  pa>'Si  nous  vous  assurons  que 
Les  trailemcnts  que  nous  avons  Reçu  nous  onl  plongé  Jusqu'à  present 
dans  La  misire  Calamité  malheurs  nécessité  El  extrémité  ;  nous  vous  pri- 
ons de  prendre  toute  Considerations  attantions  et  Reflexion  pour  nous 
de  toute  Les  Choses  Sus  diltc  Cy  devant;  Nous  vous  observons  aussy, 
Cy  vos  officier  que  vous  avez  Envoyé  icy  pour  nous  Gouverner  avaient 
abusé  de  La  Confiance  que  vous  avé  mis  en  eux  Cela  ne  doit  point  être 
nous  qui  doivent  soufrire  de  leur  Conduite. 

Nous  avons  toujours  La  plus  haute  oppinion  que  Le  noble  principale 
qui  Gouverne  nos  étals  dont  nous  E&perons  que  le  Gouvernement  ne 
|>oura  nous  obliger  a  Changer  Cette  oppioion,  a  aller  prendre  La  pro- 
tections de  Lespagne  Comme  Baucoupe  Dhabîtaos  ont  déjà  faite  par 
Raport  aux  Mauvais  traitement  que  nous  avons  Reçu. 

Nous  avons  Lbonneur  de  vous  obser\'er  quêtant  Environne  de  Len- 
oemy  qui  nous  menace  tous  les  Jours  Cequi  nous  empêche  d'abandonné 

[Translaiiott.] 
revoked  the  good  law,  which  you  gave  us  for  the  safety  of  the  country, 
in  order  to  keep  himself  from  being  brought  to  justice.'  He  has  bad 
no  trouble  in  winning  over  M.  Carhonneaux,  clerk  of  the  country. 
We  assure  you  that  the  treatment  which  we  have  received  has  plunged 
us,  up  to  the  present^  into  poverty,  calamity,  misfortune,  necessity,  and 
destitution.  We  pray  you  to  take  all  consideration,  and  give  attention 
and  reflection  to  ail  the  things  wc  have  mentioned  above.  Wc  obserrc 
further  that,  if  your  otEcers  whom  you  sent  here  to  govern  us  have  abused 
the  confidence  which  you  platwl  in  them,  we  should  not  be  the  ones  to 
suffer  on  account  of  their  conduct. 

Wc  have  always  had  the  highest  opinion  o(  the  noble  principle  which 
go^x'ms  our  state,  and  we  ho[ic  that  the  government  will  not  cause  us 
to  change  in  this  opinion  by  forcing  us  to  seek  the  protection  of  Spain, 
as  30  many  inhabitants  have  already  done  because  nl  the  bad  treatment 
which  wc  have  received. 

Wc  have  the  honor  to  observe  to  you  that,  because  wc  are  sur- 
rounded by  the  enemy  which  threatens  us  e\-ery  day.  which  prevents 
us  from  leaving  our  families  to  come  to  you,  wc  arc  intrusting  Mr. 

■  This  iteumni  it  Uie  uklB  proof  Ikit  Uw  ibdUca  el  Ibe  dvU  torn  fmthtaat  Richard  Wlo> 
■IMi.    Secslu  f»u,  p.  jii,  D-  1. 


^1               344                   ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS                        ^H 

^H              nos  famille  pour  nous  Rend 

re  aupres  dc  vous;  nous  chargons  M'  WH-   ^^H 

^H               Uame  en  qui  nous  avons  notre  Confi&nce  de  vous  Remettre  nos  Juste         H 

^H               Representation  du  quel  nous  espérons  que  vous  Rendrai  notre  Sort  plus         | 

^H              bcureux 

■ 

^^Ë                   Nous  avons  Lbomieur  detre  avec  Le  plus  profoiKl  Respec  Messîeur        1 

^H                                          Vos  1res  humMe  et  ires  obeisants  et  Adèle  Serviteurs         M 

^H                              ANTOINE  PeLTIEB 

jAifxs                         ^m 

^H                     Joseph  Micnaux 

J  Bt  Bauvac                        ^^M 

^H                     Gekard  Lanclois 

Lachance                                  ^^H 

^H                               +A>fTOIN'Ë  Cll£Nl£K 

PiCAKD                                                 ^^H 

^H                     +£nKXE  Page 

Vitale  Sauvais                      ^^H 

^H                     Dvnjicy  tsls 

Louis  Bract^au                     ^^H 

^^1                      faisant  pour  Sa  mere 

JEAN  Choiser                            ^^H 

^H                       +AViotNE  Gagné 

+Btk  delile                          ^^H 

^H                                  ■^PIERRE  DUUONT 

Nicola  Lachance                 ^^H 

~                     Page 

BT  jANis                        ^^m 

-f  Cbarle  deLile 

René  Souuande                    ^^H 

•f  Louis  DeLile                    ^^H 

[Tran^ation.]                                                          1 

Williams,  in  whom  we  place  our  confidence,'  to  deliver  to  you  our  just         | 

representation,  on  account 

oi  which  we  hope  you  will  render  our  lot          1 

more  fortunate. 

I 

We  have  the  honor  to  be, 

with  ihc  most  profound  respect,  gentlemen,         1 

Your  very  humble  and  %'ery  obedient  and  faithful  servants,'                   ^ 

Antoine  Pelletier. 

Janis.                                             ■ 

Joseph  Mignaux. 

Jean  Bapt  Badvael           ^^^^H 

Gerakd  Lanolois. 

Lacbanse.                           ^^^^I 

+ANTOtNE  ChENIEK. 

PlCASD.                                          ^^^H 

+ETrEKNE  Pace. 

Vital  Baia'ais.                        ^^H 

Ddpiasy,  Jr.,  acting 

for  his          LouLS  Brazeaux.                     ^^H 

mother. 

Jean  Cboisser.                           V 

+ Antoine  Gagné. 

+B.  Delisle.                         ^^Ê 

+Pu:kr£  Dumont. 

Bte.  JA.S'15.                                     ^^H 

Page. 

Nicolas  Lachanse.                 ^^M 

+C1IAKLES  OK  LiSLC. 

René  Souuande.                      ^^H 

+  LOVIS  DE  LiSLS.                                      H 

I  Ut.  WOlianu  ilcncd  tbc  cotaiaiMlixi  lo  Winttoo.     Sm  fit,  p.  jt  j.                                                             ^M 

*Tliit  vUcBi  alUck  on  Winicim  wu  mncle  hy  oa\j  ■  («■  of  ifat  Fmdi.  but  Mimi  of  I^om  wrr«              H 

«monf  Iht  mont  pfomiMnl,  luchu  the  mmlMnaf  llM  lUunii  tamUy,  f^card.  LM^Iuikc*,  Bfuwu,              ■ 

J 

L    ^               L 

^ 

DODGE  TO   CLARK,  MARCH  ^  1783 


345 


John  Dodge  to  GeoRce  R.  Clark,  March  3,  1783 

[DniperMSS.,  sajyfi.— A   I..  S.] 

Kasa  3  March  1783. 

Sib, 

the  Curcomstances  of  t>ly  family  Puts  it  out  of  my  Power  to  wate 
on  the  Commisoncr  to  make  a  tinal  Settlement  with  the  Stale,  ihare 
is  Several  Articles  la  my  Books  Charge  against  you  not  Recep*^  for, 
when  you  L«ft  fort  Jefferson  you  told  mc  to  give  your  Negroes  what 
I  thought  thcay  Stwxl  in  need  of  and  you  would  Settle  it  with  me  on 
your  Return  which  orders  I  Complid  with.  Likewise  some  Chiney 
Plates  Delivered  you  my  Self  Bo*  of  Gratiote  also  a  Dcmijon  of  Taffea 
Sent  you  By  Cap*  Brashars  when  he  went  to  fort  Jefferson  in  C*  w' 
Gratiole,  and  one  and  half  Dozen  Plates  two  Salt  Sellers  Delivered 
Pat'  Kanedy  for  you  Major  Williams  will  Show  you  his  Recept  as  Also 
a  Large  Walnut  Chest  w^  Drars  one  Iron  Coffe  Mtwler  DcHverd  L* 
Rich**  Clark  By  his  Keep'  all  Purchased  for  you  as  Directed  by  your 
Letters  to  Me  at  Difercnt  tinws.  Six  Quires  of  Paper  Sent  you  from 
Post  Vincent  when  very  Scarce  which  Since  My  Arival  hear  Last  was 
Obliged  to  Pay  Six  Livres  in  Peltry  P'  Quire. 

of  Course  Expect  if  the  Com"''  Dispute  the  Account  that  you  will 
Recept  8;  Settle  with  them,  as  well  as  what  M""  Ben''  Paid  Conuej-e 
and  Virgue  [Vigo]  on  M'  Lcbu's  Account.  Likewise  Sunday  Suplys 
for  the  troops  which  he  advanced  on  the  Strenlh  of  your  Letter  and  orders 
to  Me  at  Diferent  limes  Directing  me  to  Let  nothing  Be  wanting  in  me 
as  much  was  in  my  Power  as  Ag*  The  Inhabitauts  are  Making  a 
Representation  to  the  Commisioner  Representing  their  treatment  Sc 
Greavences  During  the  lime  of  the  Mililarys  Stay  hear.  But  Iheay 
are  Convinced  that  all  the  Ruff  Steps  lakcn  with  them,  was  owing  to 
the  fais  Representations  of  that  Noted  Villen  Winston  Icling  Mon- 
gomcry  that  thcay  ware  Slr-ingcrs  lo  Liberty  and  Must  Be  Ruled  By 
a  Rod  of  Iron  or  the  Bayonet  and  if  he  wanted  any  thing  he  must  send 
his  Guards  and  take  it  By  force  tellng  the  InhabitanLi  at  the  Same  time 
that  the  Mila"'  was  a  Band  of  thcives  and  Rubers  and  only  Come  to 
the  Conlry  for  that  Purpose.  News  from  Detroit  that  the  King  has 
Cald  all  his  force  from  .\mcrica  Jo  Defend  his  Crown  if  so  a  Very 
Political  Step.  Ware  I  in  his  Place  I  would  have  Done  it  Before  I 
had  Lost  near  loo-tooo  men  Conârmed  that  General  Irwin  has  Intirely 


3^ 


ILUKOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTION'S 


Routed  the  Savages  about  the  Lakes  qi  sculp».  Xcws  from  Spain 
that  jiberyalter  is  Cenainljr  taken  after  tbe  Surrender  of  (he  Eujjlisb  bad 
a  Powder  Plut  ûrst  thai  after  theay  Marcbt  out  Blew  up  and  kild  tjooo 
ficncb  and  Spanjrards  fur  v-hkfa  tbeajr  Put  four  thousand  IngUsh 
Prisoners  lo  tbe  Swotxl-  tbe  Barer  can  gi^T  you  all  tbe  Rest  ot  tbe  news. 
I  am  D'  General  )-our  Very  Hum'  Ser* 

Jn*  Dodge. 
[Addressed:]    Geo.   R.   Clark   Escf.   B.General  and   Command^,   of 

Illinois  Reg'.  Falls  Ohio 

By  Maj*.  Williams. 


RiCUABD  WtN*STON  AND  OtBEBS  tO  GeOBGB  R.   CLARX, 

March  30,  1783. 
[Draper  MSS..  saJ8o.— A.  V.  S.J 

Fort  Nelson  ^o**"  March  1783 
May  It  Please  Yocs  Exceixance. 

wc  hcare  flalercd  ourselves  with  the  Hopc«  of  heading  the  honour 
of  Seeing  you  at  this  Post  but  to  our  Gr?ate  morti^catioD  we  came  loo 
late  notwithStandiog  that  v,x  have  made  all  Possible  Ijcpedition  Since 
we  beard  of  the  Commissiooers  ^tting  to  Settle  the  aco**  we  heave 
wrote  to  them  by  this  Opertunity  Prajing  Them  to  Detain  a  few  days 
for  us  —  w-e  Embrace  the  Same  Opertunity  and  makes  Bold  to  Trouble 
you,  and  Beggs  The  favour  of  you  to  Intercede  for  us  with  tbe  CommJs- 
aoners  That  they  may  Detain  a  few  days  longer  than  they  Intended. 
wc  Start  from  this  this  day  but  our  horses  are  so  weake  and  much 
fateagued  Together  with  tbe  great  fall  of  rain  which  will  rais  the  waters 
all  put  together  will  oblige  us  to  make  but  Little  way,  we  therefore  pray 
your  Interest  in  our  favour  which  will  be  Greatly  Obliging  us,  who  hea\x 
the  Honour  of  Being  with  Great  Respect. 

Your  Excellanrcs  Most  Humble   &  Obedient  Servants 
Fh  Bossekon'  RitTi:  Winston 

Fr  trottier  J.  M.  P.  Legras  Lieut.  Colo 

John  Williams 
[Addressiut:]    To  His  Excellanre  Brigadier   Gennerall  Clark   Com- 
manding the  western  DeparimcDt  Lincoln 

I  BoMcnia  ind  Letfu  wtn  bom  Maecnna,  ëui  Tratticr  from  Caholiu.    Tbt  nuUritl  illu»- 


tntUig  lite  «rciik  of  Uie  comcBÛoa  W  ramibt  lb*  MOMinu  tn  (W  Wnr  wliitti  it  ia  l»  found  la  (he 
V*.SiatcIilinn',«IUb«liKiinMmlied  in  iht  roliunciofCîeatKeRotenCl'U'k  Papers, noa in  preiwn- 
UoL  ncnUtW'*  J<iunwi.''l>icn<rillbpiniblnh(4,slMad)**Ri>iHit  (d  him  ihs>  mm  (min4  uc  cqd>- 
iniwlnmii     urbonraui'*  lettirttrmv  It  Iminil  in  «a  «bbKrikUd  (orm  in  ■  \rUtt  iiaso  W*[kçr  DkBid 


li<rillbpiniblnh(4,slMad)**Ri>iHit  (d  him  ihs>  mm  (min4  i 

ai»  I    '  ". ._ 

M  ihe  ComnlMtown.     (>'«■  Sliitt  ripfri.iSf  4.1»)    Sm  «Im.  /mitmI  <■/  Du  ttpmne}  DtUftn, 


June  iS,  >7,  tS.  Drc  i<>.  ii.snd  May  ii.  1784.  fix  ihepriilliiuxil  Ihc  Iltiouu aitcab  Fur  cumpaMkEiai 
and  tbe  4CU  ol  .VucmÛr- 


DEATH  OF  WINSTON,  w&i 


347 


The  Death  of  Kichard  Winston,  abuut  1784 

[Draper MSS.,  4J3S-3*  — Copy] 

Dear  Sib, 

Your  favor  I  have  received  and  in  reply  to  yoiir  enquiry  I  have  to 
observe,  that  I  came  to  Kentucky  in  the  year  1777,  and  settled  at  Har- 
rodsburgh;  Mr.  Joseph  Lindsay  then  lived  there  and  acted  as  cotn- 
missaxy  for  supplying  the  people,  and  guards,  at  that  place,  and  I  know 
he  Kept  out  two  hunters  for  procuring  supplies — Viz.  Wm.  Stewart 
and  David  Glenn,  and  that  he  did  supply  the  Station;  in  spring  1778, 
Mr  Lindsay  (still  acting  as  Commissary)  went  himself  with  a  party 
of  men  from  Harrodsburgh  down  to  Russell  Creek  where  Glenn  and 
Stewart  had  spent  the  fall  &  winter  and  had  a  hunting  Camp  —  We 
had  along  31  or  33  horses,  we  found  the  Camp  and  there  was  a  vast 
quantity  of  meal.  Glenn  &  Stewart  were  out  and  did  not  return 
while  wc  staid  there,  but  had  lefi  a  man  at  camp.  There  was  one  house 
uE  about  18  feet  square  &  of  a  reasonable  hvght,  filled  with  Meat,  we 
loaded  all  the  horses  out  of  the  huts,  principally,  what  wc  took  out  of 
ihc  house  could  hardly  he  missed,  and  relumed  to  Harrodsburgh.  in 
the  Summer  of  78  General  Clark  reached  the  Falls  (Lindsay  still  acting 
as  Commissary)  and  Clark  sent  across  the  Country  from  some  where 
about  Limestone  to  Harrodsburgh  with  orders  to  Col"  Bowman,  who 
Commanded  at  that  Fort,  to  send  on  to  Louisville  all  the  Men  who 
could  get  horses,  and  such  as  could  not  get  horses  to  rendezvous  at 
Drcnnin's  Lick  by  a  given  day,  where  a  man  would  meet  the  troops 
Bi  pilot  them  to  the  place  where  Clark  wanted  Ihera  to  go.  I  was  of 
the  party  that  went  to  Dreouon's  Lick  ;  Mr  Lindsay  supplied  the 
troops  with  provi^ons.  At  Drennon's  Lick  Simon  Kenton  met  us  and 
conducted  us  to  the  Falls,  where  we  joined  Clark  and  went  on  with 
him  lo  Kaskaskias  —  al  that  place  I  staid  from  July  '78  till  Sept'  1779, 
when  I  returned  to  Kentucky  and  found  Mr  Lindsay  still  acting  as 
Commissary  for  the  supplys  of  the  posts.  In  June,  1780,  1  went  into 
Virginia  &  did  not  return  till  1781;  on  my  return  Mr  Lindsay  was 
still  acting  as  Commissary.  In  1783  I  was  ordered  to  act  as  a  guard 
(o  the  Magazine  at  Harrodsburgh  and  the  troops  were  supplyed  by 
Mr  Lindsay.  In  the  Summer  of  that  year  I  went  into  Virginia  and  did 
not  return  till  1784  but  before  I  relumed,  the  Indians  had  killed  Mr 


348 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAI-  COLLECTIONS 


Lindsajr.  When  I  Icfi  the  country  in  1783  Gen'  Clark  was  jirepairing 
an  cx[Jcdilion,  but  Ihc  Indians  broke  into  ihe  Country  &  prevented 
it  during  that  Summer,  but  it  look  place  in  the  fall. 

While  the  troops  lay  on  the  Mississippi,  Mr  Lindsay  did  not  supply 
tis;  A  Mr  Vinrent,  or  ^^*in3tnn,  I  do  not  know  whirh,  was  our  Com- 
missary  —  he  was  a  wealthy  Man  when  he  went  there,  &  after  a  while 
Ihe  paper  money  fell  to  nothing  &  Vinrent  or  Winston,  supplycd  us 
on  his  own  credit.  In  1784  I  met  Winston,  if  that  was  his  name,  in 
Richmond,  who  told  Me  he  was  niin'd  by  the  debts  he  încurcd  in 
supplying  the  troops,  Sc  that  he  then  was,  &  had  been  18  months  wait- 
ing on  the  Government  of  Virginia  endeavouring  to  gel  some  remuner- 
ation far  his  expcndalurcs,  but  had  all  logcthcr  failed-  In  1786  I  was 
again  at  Kaskaskas  and  called  on  the  Widow  Vincent,  he  having  died 
at  Richmond;  I  found  her  reduced  from  affluence  to  extreme  poverty, 
the  consequence  she  said  of  ihc  debts  her  husband  had  incurcd  for  the 
State  of  Virginia,  and  for  which  he  had  never  got  any  thing;  hut  had 
died  while  soliciting  for  some  payment. 

This  is  all  I  lecutlecL  in  relation  to  the  services  of  Mr  Lindsay. 
Yr.   mo.   obdl  W™  Beckley» 

P.  S.  I  recollect,  since  writing  the  above,  that  while  the  troops 
lay  on  the  Mississippi  Mr  Lindsay  came  tu  us  on  his  way  to  New  Or- 
leans cm  business  of  the  State  of  Virginia  &  took  with  him  two  men 
to  row.  Soon  after  two  boat  loads  of  Goods  came  up  from  Orleans, 
brought,  OS  I  understood,  by  Lindsay  for  the  supply  of  the  troops.  I 
also  recollect,  that  in  1783  when  I  was  on  my  way  to  Virginia  Gen* 
Logan  received  orders  from  Gen'  Clark  not  to  jwrmit  any  man  to 
leave  the  Countr)'  ;  but  our  party  was  too  strong  to  be  atop'd,  therefore 
he  requested  us  to  give  our  names  that  he  might  inform  Clark,  which 
we  did.  W"»  Blckley 

A  true  copy  of  the  original  in  possession  of  W"*  Lindsay  Pogue, 
Esq.,  of  Greenup  County  Ky.  made  by  me  Jno.  B.  Boyd' 

I  Mirgliul  aau  bi^  John  B.  Bofd:  "Patho'  al  Jiihn  BK^Ipy,  vho  ai  oar  limp  wu  oiBiBid  In 
«riiiiac  tbnit/ea/Anfsn,  I  loun  Irom  tjii><.  Wri.  Hrcilrr.ii  l>rolticr;il  Jtihii  I)..<li4l  Ji>hn  UM^tmc 
tecunâ  bb  btoUm'*  BialtfUli,  «bed  he(McCluuA)<nB  writina  Ut  tkcuhnof  Wsinn  .\ili«iluTe.'* 

*At  (he  headiftt  ol  Ah  \tittt  a  written^  "la  the  lundwriting  o[  A,  K.  Mmlitll  of  ité»aa  Co. 
Boi^."    Thk  probaUr  amat  ttut  Huinl  (>>[ii«l  itiaa  a  cap;  muir  by  MmhaU. 


CH.\PTER  X 


THE  ASCENDENCY  OF  JOHN  DODGE.   MARCH.  1783.  TO 
AUGUST   14.    17W 

Land-grants  to  Dodge  —  Rochebla^'e  Again  —  Anci  COirrs,  Judge 

—  De  Monbreun  Enumerates  his  Services  —  A  Fvagut.kt  of  a 
Court-Record  —  Dodge's  Faction  PEnTioNS  Congricss  —  So  Doss 
Carbonneaux  —  Rr-POHTS    or    Cokgbessionai.    Coiodttees  —  the 

COUNTY-LIHUTENANT  UPHOLDS  TOE  DlCNlTV   OP  THE  UNITED  STATES 

—  AN  Account  or  the  Gileat  Freshet  —  Joh-n  Edgar  Writes  to 
Clark  — The  Fsojch  P'action  PcrmoNS  Congress  —  Gabriel  Ceer£ 
Answers  Questions. 

Some  Land-grakts  to  John  Dodge  and  Otbebs,  1782-1784 

[m.  c.  t.  mss.— a.  d.i 
A  Memorandum  of  Papers  Iielonging  lo  Bartholomew  Tardiveau 
as  purchaser  from  John  Dodj^e  &  claiming  under  him,  as  follows; 
N**  1.        A  Grant  made  by  the  Court  of  KosKasKia  to  John  Dodge 
June  (he  S^  1783,  of  a  lot  iu  the  village,  bounded  toward  Kas- 
KasFCia  River  by  lot  of  .\lexis  BeauvaJs,  on  the  [nlher]  side  by 
the  widow  of  James  Lasour(.-c,  extending  in   front  from   Mr 
Beotley's  lo  the  first  gut,  &  in  depth  to  the  second  gut. 

A  Grant  made  by  the  Court  of  KasKasKia,  Sept.  17*** 
1783,  to  John  Dodge,  of  a  tract  of  land  of  si-t  Arpents  front  &. 
forty  Arpenta  in  dcplli  from  the  tedge  of  rocks  on  [tbe]  East  side 
of  the  Kiver  KasKasKia  ;  Si  bounded,  on  one  side  [by]  the  heirs 
of  Raphael  Bcauvais,  &  on  the  other  by  Mr  Btouin;  also  of 
ten  Arpents  more  in  depth,  &  of  the  [\fS.  torn]  breadth  ;  which 
last,  says  says  [ik\  the  Comcssion,  shali  not  be  ]MS.  torn]. 

A  Grant  lo  Archibald  Macnabb,  Sept'  17'''  1781,  of  [MS- 
lom\  land  of  five  Arpents  in  front  &  forty  in  depth,  immedi- 
MS.  torn]  on  back  of  Henry  Smith's  plantation 

A  Grant  to  John  Dodge,  May  23"*  1783,  of  a  piece  of  {MS, 
torn]  from  the  ledge  of  rocks,  or  the  Western  boundary  of  his 

549 


N«2. 


Noj. 


N 


► 


^  lU.INOlS  HISTORICAI.  COLLECTIOSS 


t»ItntArv.  (i»rH|  10  tbo  River  Ka-tlCasKù,  &  indoded 
ihe  Mm  tit  Rn|k|i/.S*.  bin]  Bnuviiis  &  m'  Oanid 

N"  $.         A  Cirant  tu  jpan  BnpilMc  OiUd  or  Voilkc,  ScpC* 
uf  ft  Inut  tif  land  at  ihrcc  Ar|imis  in  butt,  hvB  Kfae 
KuKmKIr  10  ihc  \cdge  of  Rodu;  and  (rm 
AtpontK  in  ilrpili  with  ihr  Mn>r  binuMi  ot  Un* . 
tog  In  lanit  (ormrrly  grintnl  lu  !lP  lie 

N^  6.         A  Grant  to  Mew'  Clark  &  Wikctf,  ScfT  17*  x^fl^  «t 
ot  ftls  Ariwntx  In  (nial  cttcadipg  boa  Ae 
In  the  IjxIkp  of  Roduv  A  inm  Ommk  Ioc^ 
«Hih  the  same  bmuhh  of  six  aifxao. 
ot  Dantrl    Murray. 

K*7  a  C.nni  10  Hrary  Bramcy»  Sc^  iV*  <}^  ^  ** 

iluw  Aipcnts  in  boau  cxmidiii(  Ip^  ifeK  Wlà^r  l^fl 
to  (be  I^cdp  (rf  Rodto»  itùmmattihms  >if  iiifcdB 
the  same  tnadlh  «I  thice  AipaMs;  feaaA4  ^  m^  1 
LardncrOaA  ft  WflKiC.  «•  At  «*Er  W  ik  B^^^ 

AvpCMtl  w  INHit 

«f  rocks,  &  AiBc*  «f  kffCf 
«I 
ft  a 
X»».        A 


2^». 


SOME  hASD  GRANTS,  tjii-fjiA 


3Sr 


N*  la.  A  Grant  to  Roonrod  Rcckncr,  Sept'  25*''  1781;,  of  ihrcc  Ar- 
pents in  front,  extending  from  the  Riwr  KasKasKia  lo  the 
Ledge  of  rocks,  &  thence  of  forty  Arpents  in  depth  with  the 
same  breadth  of  three  Arpents,  bounded  on  one  side  by  François 
Charlcville,    &  on  the  other  by  the  Domaine. 

N"  13.  a  Grant  to  Daniel  Murray,  Sept'  ig'**  1783,  of  three  Arpents 
in  front,  extending  from  the  River  KasKasKia  to  the  Ledge 
of  rocks,  &  from  thence  of  forty  Arpents  in  depth  with  the  same 
breadth  of  three  Arpents;  bounded  on  one  side  by  Oilet  or 
Voilette,  &  on  the  other  by  the  Domaine. 

N**  14.  A  Grant  to  John  Choisser  &  André  fagot,  Sept*  as***  1783, 
of  three  Arpents  to  each,  extending  from  the  River  KasKasKia 
to  ihe  ledge  of  ri^Kks,  5:  from  thence  of  forty  Arpents  în  depth 
[with]  the  same  breadth  of  three  Arpents  each,  bounded  as 
follows  [MS.  tarn]  the  three  Arpents  in  front  granted  lo  John 
Choisser  Eiounded  on  the  South  by  the  Rivifcrc  à  Moutia,  &  on 
the  North  by  ihe  Domaine,  and  the  three  Arpents  granted  lo 
André  fagot  [bounded]  on  the  North  by  the  Rivi&re  à  Moutia, 
&  on  the  South  by  the  Domaine. 

N'  15.  A  Grant  to  John  Dodge,  June  25'''  1784,  of  a  tract  (of)  land 
at  the  back  of  his  grant  of  Sepf  17"^  1782  N°  2,  extending  forty 
four  Ar|)enls  in  depth,  &  of  Six  aq^nls  in  front  between  the 
heirs  of  Raphael  Beauvais  &  M''Daniel  [MS.  lorn]. 

N"  :6.  A  Grant  to  Minard  .\sturgus,  Sepf  ty***  1784,  of  b  trail  of 
land  extending  from  the  River  KasKasKia  lo  the  ledge  of  rocks, 
Si  from  thence  of  forty  Arpents  in  depth,  bounded  on  one  side 
by  Clark  &  Wikoff,  &  on  the  other  by  John  Dodge. 

N"!;.       A  Grant  to  John  Marshal,  DeC  i^***  1784,  of  five  arpenls 
front,  extending  fmm  the  Mi^-ùssippi  lo  the  ledge  of  rocks  & 
from  Ihcnce  of  forty  two  Arpents  more  in  depth,  adjoining  land 
of  M'  Bonds  on  one  side;    &  on  the  other,  bounded,  it  seems, 
by  Wa[ji/5.  iorn\  land.' 


■The  (ranti  of  Ike  jan  itSj  «eul  i^FU  "inTc  [iwde  bjr  TiatoUi^  ik  Moabftun.  The  vtrlmit 
tnjtd  trgitirr  lxx>k>  in  à»  BUffiioi'*  «fliir  ki  Sprinsiîrld  them  ib^t  >  brie  aumbrr  cI  snacs  wen 
■nadr  bj  him. 


353 


nXÏNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Fhiuppe  de  Rocberi-ave  lo  Governor  Haloimakd, 

November  3,  1783 

[B.  M.,  afjSy  t.  3SI.—  A.  L.  S.] 

Monsieur, 

Votre  excellence  m'ayant  fait  l 'honneur  de  me  diire  qu'elle  ne  pouvoit 
concourir  en  rien  de  ce  qui  avoit  rapcit  aux  diferentcs  demandes  qu'on 
pourroit  former  en  vertu  de  l'acte  de  parlement  qui  oe  luy  est  point  par- 
venu oficielement,  je  me  garderay  bien  de  la  fatiguer  par  de  nouvelles 
instances  a  ce  sujbt. 

Malheureusement  pour  moy  je  suis  forcé  de  les  (établir  t<»ut  de  suite 
parce  qu'il  faut  que  j'aille  chercher  a  chiteagou  M*^'  de  rocheblavc  et  le 
reste  de  la  famille,  que  je  termine  toutes  mes  aflaires  dans  les  pays  d'cn- 
haut  a^•ant  que  la  possession  en  soit  donnée  aux  américains,  qu'il  pour- 
roit se  faire  que  les  declarations  fussent  exigées  en  mon  abscencc  et  qu'a 
mon  arrivée,  je  ne  trouva  plus  votre  excellence  icy  qui  ^-raisamblablc- 
mcnt  sera  bii'ii  aise  après  tant  de  {>cincs  et  de  travaux  sera  bien  aise  de 
goûter  un  |icu  de  re]»»  en  cunipe  dan  le  que]  cas  je  me  irouverats  icy 
sans  apj^uy,  j'ose  solliciter  de  votre  bienfaisance  de  m'tionorcr  d'un  mot 

[Translation.] 
Sir: 

Your  excellency  having  done  me  the  honor  to  tell  mc  that  you  would 
be  unable  to  apl^e  lo  nnything  that  had  to  do  with  the  different  claims 
which  may  be  brought  forth  in  virtue  of  the  act  of  Parliament,  which  had 
not  reached  you  offidally,'  1  shall  take  care  not  to  tire  you  by  new 
cntrealies  on  this  subject. 

Unfortunately  for  me  I  am  forced  to  eslabliâh  my  claims  at  once,  f(V 
I  have  to  go  to  Chicago  for  Madame  de  Rocheblaw  and  the  rest  of  my 
family  and  to  settle  all  my  affairs  in  the  upper  country,  before  the  pos- 
session is  pvcn  to  the  Americans  ;  and  it  may  be  necessary  that  the  decla- 
rations of  claims  under  the  act  lie  made  in  my  absence,  and  that,  on  my 
return,  f  may  not  find  your  Excellency  here  ;  for  undoubtedly  your  Excel- 
lency will  be  very  glad,  after  so  many  hardships  and  labors,  to  enjoy  a 
little  rest  in  Europe,  in  which  case  I  should  find  myself  here  without  any 
support.     Therefore,  I  venture  to  ask  of  your  bount)-  to  honor  me  with  a 


'  Act  ct  PuiUmEDt  sninlins  hilf  pay  lu  CRiun  Anwricia  (irovlncU  «irp».    ThU  ;a>iod  ibc 
Hou*e  JulMiT,  ITil-     Airltannyary  liiiUfy,  »Mil..  loso,  einif.      _ 


ALARV  TO  COMTE,   JANUARY  i6,  1384 


3» 


de  rtfponcc  qui  fut  au  moins  un  lemognage  de  mon  zélé  pour  le  bien  du 
service  ce  scroil  une  obligation  de  plus  que  vous  auroil  ccluy  qui  a  l 'hon- 
neur d'etre  avec  la  plus  respectueuse  reconoisanrc  de  votre  excellence. 
Monsieur,    Le  très  humble  et  très  obéissant  serviteur 

PRrLIPE  ROCHEBLAVE 

la  maladie  de  mes  enfants  ne  me  permet  pas  de  metre  ma  Ictre  au 
net.    quebcc  le  3  novembre  1783. 

\Tramlaiwn.l 
short  answer  which  may  be  at  least  a  witness  of  my  zeal  for  (he  welfare 
of  the  service.     This  would  be  still  another  obligation  due  you  from  him 
who  has  the  honor  to  be,  with  the  most  respectful  gratitude,  your  Excel- 
lency's Very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

Philippe  Rochebuive. 
The  sickness  of  my  children  does  not  permit  me  to  make  a  fair  copy 
of  my  Icttor. 

Quebec,  November  3,  1783. 


Madame  Alary  to  A\'Mé  Comte,  January  16,  1784 
[K.  MSS.— A.  D.  S.] 
a  Monsieur  aimé  Compte  4rtw«*w*»nè  Gi^wl»  g*  ffmt'rmrmm»  tie  I» 
Cwwitrft  liti»  titimww  &c  &C  &c  juge  :i  la  ville  en  district  des  KasKasKias 
MOMSIEDR, 

Supli  très  humblement  Madame  v*  alary  Disant  quel  a  Sur  L'autre 
Bord  de  La  Riviere  Des  Kas,  une  sucrery  quelle  possède  depuis  la  mort 
de  sa  défunte  mere  que  La  demicre  Possedoit  depuy  Longtems.    El  que 

(  Transiaiien.} 
To  M.  Aymé  Comte,  Ciwrt  fcwmf»iMNi»—<ii<i#w»wM»P'oMh» ^î'wMity  *f 
4hB  llliwwo,  etc.,  etc.,  etc.,    Judge  in  village  of  District  of  JCaskaskJa.^ 

Madame  .\lary,  a  widow,  begs  very  humbly  to  inform  you  that  she  has 
on  the  other  bank  uf  the  Kaskaskia  River  a  sugar  plantation,  which  has 
been  in  her  possession  since  the  death  of  her  late  mother,  who  in  turn 

I  The  miniie  xnd  conrciion  al  illtle  nr4r  made  In  llii:  ume  handvritfni  u  (Jut  oF  the  jtidpneat 
of  th«  oourl-  rhc  urnc  b  lni«  ol  liic  lUIc  «l  tbc  eaA.  Iht  docurncnl  K«nu  to  indtcil*  a  lempararr 
mrnlhnm  ol  tbt  powrr  of  Tiitioihf  dc  Monbrmn,  but  ihcrr  ia  no  other  rnHfrnt*  ft»  luch  an  ïwnU 
Althoofb  ttw  ilgiurure  ol  Armf  Comic  K<mt  to  t<c  icniilne  >&d  ti»  document  »howi  no  tuinidoui 
OMlIu^  jrct  il  b  tnaatblv  tlul  II  ii  ■  forgnj  lo  pron  lidc  to  the  knd  la  qucuiuD  brliire  iho  U,  S.  had 
comniuiloam,  before  whom  It  wu  LctukU;  produoed. 


354  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Moti&ieur  thJmoié  de  Monbrun  cy  devant  commandant  auroit  cimcedé 
La  dîtle  aucicry  à  I^  demande  Du  s^  Pierre  Picard  ce  que  La  aupliante 
ayant  s(U,  Elle  auroit  Eté  En  La  maison  du  dit  sieur  Picard  acompagné 
De  M'  J**  Lonval  Et  Jerome  Dany,  Pour  Luy  (aire  defense  dy  travaillé 
Le  sr.  Picard  n'a  Eu  aucune  Egard  à  cette  avertisement.  il  La  trans- 
porté à  Monsieur  antoine  marin  quy  a  fait  Défense  a  La  SupUante  dy 
travaillé  vu  quelle  navoit  Point  de  titre  de  propriété,  Et  que  La  Ditte 
sucrery  Luy  apartient,  il  est  vTay  que  La  dîtle  supliante  n'en  à  Point  par 
Ecrit,  mais  La  possession  quelle  En  Â  Dcpuy  sy  longtcms  raut  un 
Ecrit  La  Supliante  sofre  a  fournir  des  certifica[t5]  Des  anciens  de  ce 
pals  comme  quoy  que  La  Sucrer}'  Luy  apartient  depuy  ce  lungtems. 

Ce  Considéré  Monsieur  il  vous  Plaise  dordonné  audit  sr.  murin  de  ny 
Point  travaillé,  a  seule  fin  que  La  Supliante  y  puisse  faire  ces  travaux,  et 
de  condamner  Le  dit  s''  morin  a  tous  depend  domage  et  interest  Et  La 
Supliante  ne  cessera  De  faire  des  voeux  Pour  vôtre  conservation  vàtn 
très  humble  obeisantc  Servante  Douiru.  BAiU.A*joN.+ 

aux  KasKasKias  Le  ta  janvier  1784 

[TramlfUion.] 
owned  it  for  many  years.  Madame  .\Iary  further  licgs  to  inform  you 
that  M.  Timuthé  de  Mtmbreuii,  furmer  commandant,  granted  the  afurc- 
smd  sugar  plantation  lu  M.  Pierre  Picard  on  his  petition,  and  that,  ffben 
the  suppliant  learned  uf  this,  8hc  went  to  ihe  house  of  the  said  M.  Picard 
accompanied  by  MM.  J.  Lonval  and  Jerome  Danis,  in  order  to  forbid 
him  to  work  nn.  it.  M.  Picard  paid  no  attention  to  this  warning.  He 
sold  it  to  M.  Antoine  Mfirin,  who  in  turn  forbade  the  suppliant  to  work 
on  the  plantation  in.'Lsmuch  as  she  did  not  have  the  titles  to  the  projwrty 
and  the  said  sugar  plantation  lielonj^d  to  him.  It  is  true  that  the  said 
suppliant  has  no  titles  in  writing,  hut  the  possession  of  it  for  such  a  long 
time  is  well  worth  a  «TiUen  deed.  The  suppliant  is  ready  to  furnish  cer- 
tificates from  the  old  settlers  of  this  country  as  a  proof  that  the  sugar 
plantation  has  belonged  to  her  for  a  long  time. 

Having  considered  these  things,  sir,  may  it  please  you  to  order  the 
said  M.  Morin  not  to  work  there,  so  that  the  suppliant  may  be  able  to 
work  on  it;  and  may  you  see  fit  to  condemn  the  said  M.  Morin  to  the 
costs,  damages,  and  interest,  and  the  suppliant  will  never  cease  to  pray 
for  your  welfare.  Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 
Kaskaskifl,  January  16,  1784-  DoMlTïI.  BAltLASJOH. 


DE  MONBREUN-S  MEMORIAL,  NOVEMBER  ii,  1794        355 

VQ  La  rcqucttc  c^  dessus  et  dautrcs  part  nous  Déclarante  n'avoir 
point  de  Cuncustion;  à  nous  prescDlt^  Cummu  L'inuiiûon  De  LRtats  a 
tant  que  tous  jjersuones  cherche  acquérir  son  lionhcur  ;  La  ConccssiuD  ac- 
cordé au  Sr.  Picard  par  Le  lieutenant  de  Comté  au  nom  De  Lflat  Sortira 
son  plain  Kt  Entier  Effets  manduns  &c  au  KosKasKias  Le  16  janvier 
1784. 

AvuÉ  Coûte  [liile  tUegiblê] 
{Endorsed:]  1 7S4  rcqucttc  prvscntc  par  mad.  Alary  contre  Ant.  marin 
i6™*  janvier  * 

\TranstQtîoH.\ 

In  view  of  the  petition,  alwvc  and  on  the  other  page,  wherein  tt  is 
slated  that  there  i^  no  concession,  and  since  it  iii  the  desire  of  the  slate 
ihat  all  men  seek  to  procure  their  own  happiness,  the  grant,  given  lo  M. 
Picard  by  the  lieutenant  of  the  county  in  the  name  of  the  state,  shall  have 
its  full  effect. 

Ordered,  etc.,  at  Kaskaskia,  January  16,  1784.  AvuÊ  CouTE. 

\EndoTScd:'\  1784.    Petition  presented  by  Madame  Alary  against  Aol. 
Miirin,  January  16. 


Memorial  or  Tutothé  de  Mokbreun,  November  11.  1794. 

[Vft.  Stale  Lihrarj- —  Copy  ] 
To  the  Honorable  the  Speaker  and  Gentlemen  of  the  House  o( 
Delegates  ot  Virginia 

The  Memorial  of  Timothy  de  Monbreun  Respectfully  sheweth 
That  your  memorialist  was  a  Lieutenant  in  Colonel  Clark's  or  the 
Illinois  Regiment  raised  by  this  State  during  the  late  war;  that  after 
the  disbanding  of  that  Regiment,  to  wit,  on  the  i8tb  of  January  1783, 
he  was  appointed  Commandant  of  KasKaskias  and  the  neighbourhood 
in  which  post  be  continued  until  the  i4lh  day  of  August  1786  as  by  the 
paper  herewith  marked  A  will  fully  appear.'  The  defenceless  situation  of 
that  Country  at  that  time,  aurrounded  by  several  inimical  and  hostile 
tribes  of  Indians,  and  distracted  by  a  number  of  disaffected  inhabitants, 
rendered  the  office  a  critical  and  difficult  undertaking.  Without  troops 
to  oppose  the  hostile  designs  of  the  savages,  without  any  coercive  means 
to  keep  under  subjection  a  country  where  a  number  of  restless  spirits 
were  e:tciting  commotions  and  troubles,  the  greater  circumspection  and 

1  Hit  cimiiniMioa,  oatr,  p.  jio. 


35« 


ILUNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOf 


managemenl  became  necessary,  and  the  Commandant  was  induced  to 
temporize  with  all  parties  m  order  to  prcsen'c  tranquility,  peace  and 
harmony  in  the  Counlry  and  to  provide  against  invasions  and  inroads 
of  the  Savages:  Thus  àtuated  his  drat  endeavours  were  to  conciliate 
the  minds  of  the  Indians  to  at  least  a  neutrality  as  to  the  Country  under 
his  immediate  command»  and  at  the  same  time  to  prepare  ihcm  by 
gentle  means  to  become  peaceable  towards  all  the  American  States. 
In  order  t»  attain  this  desirable  object,  he  was  compelled  to  send  con- 
fidi-'nlial  Agents  ti>  the  several  iHIks,  who  succeeded  in  their  negotiations 
bcyraid  his  most  sanguine  expectations.  The  Chcrokecs  and  several 
other  nations  sent  some  of  iheir  chief  Warriors  to  KasKasKias,  and  a 
partial  treaty  was  there  afîecicd  with  ihem  in  behalf  oi  the  Illinois 
Country. 

These  operations  were  attended  with  considerable  cxpcncc  to  your 
Memorialist,  who,  as  there  was  no  provision  made  by  law  to  defray 
those  contingent  charges,  was  absolutely  compelled  lo  entertain  and 
supply  with  provisions  all  the  Indians,  of  the  several  tribes  who  came 
to  KasRasRtes;  besides,  pnlicy  required,  that  small  presents  should  be 
made  to  Ihcm,  in  order  to  preserve  their  friendship. 

Your  Memorialist,  therefore,  chcarfully  and  mosi  willingly  advanced 
as  far  as  his  circumstances  permitted,  relying  with  the  most  unlimited 
confidence  on  the  equity  and  generosity  of  the  State  of  Virgiinia  for 
reimbursing  him  these  his  very  neces-sary  expenditures.  Copies  of  his 
accounts  of  supplies  furnished  and  of  his  travelling  expcnccs  from 
KasKasKias  to  Cahokias,  and  lo  St  Genevieve  are  herewith  marked 
B  C  The  proWaon  supplies  he  acknowledges  were  not  all  his  own 
property,  part  were  the  property  of  the  public,  part  the  property  of 
militia  officers,  and  part  supplies  by  himself.  Had  your  Memorialist 
then  thought  it  necessary  he  would  have  endeavored  lo  keep  an  exact 
account  of  his  real  expenditures,  but  being  a  native  of  Canada,  little 
acquainted  with  the  prevailing  language  in  the  United  States  and  less 
with  the  regular  mode  ol  doing  business  of  this  nature,  he  neglected 
so  to  do. 

To  those  measures  of  your  Memorialist,  he  humbly  conceives, 
ought,  in  great  part,  to  be  ascribed  the  tranquility  enjoyed  by  that 
Country  during  his  command,  as  he  was  incessantly  employed  in  quiet- 
ing animosities  between  the  French  Natives  and  American  Settlers, 

1  Sm  ppu,  p.  jM,  jjl 


DE  MONBREUN'S  EXPENSES,  1783-1786 


357 


treating  the  Indians  with  benevolence  aiul  preserving  ihe  dignity  of  the 
State  whenevKT  liie  SpanisI]  ollicers  Trom  the  other  side  of  the  Missis- 
sippi interfered  or  were  guilty  of  encroachments,  which  sometimes  did 
happen,  as  by  the  letter  herewith  marked  D',  will  fully  appear,  and 
in  consequence  of  which  the  two  Uerserters  were  rctcaacd  and  the  dignity 
of  ihe  Commonweaith  presen'ed. 

Besides  the  various  expences  of  provisions  to  the  Indians,  presents 
to  ll^em,  and  the  payment  of  emisaries  and  expresses,  your  Memo- 
rialist begs  leave  to  represent  that  the  attention  he  was  obliged  It)  pay 
to  the  duties  of  the  station  he  bad  the  honor  to  fiU,  did  not  permit  him 
to  consult  and  attend  to  his  own  private  concerns,  to  the  great  detri- 
ment and  injury  of  himself  and  family,  as  must  evidently  appear  by  the 
facts  before  recited. 

Ue  also  begs  leave  to  represent  that  during  his  command  as  afore- 
said an  offer  was  made  to  him  by  the  Spanish  Governor  of  St.  Louis, 
Cruzat,  of  a  similar  command  to  that  which  he  held,  on  the  Spanish 
side  of  the  river,  with  the  pay  of  a  Captain  of  the  Spanish  service  an- 
nexed, which  offer  he  rejected,  preferring  the  honor  of  serving  the  state 
of  Virginia. 

Your  Memorialist,  therefore,  addresses  himself  to  the  honor,  justice 
and  generosity  of  the  Honorable  the  Legislature  of  the  said  State  for 
a  Compensation  for  his  expences,  and  for  his  personal  services  and 
exertions  during  his  aforesaid  command,  and  your  Memorialist  shall 
ever  pray  &c. 

RichmMid  Nov*"  ii***  1794. 


ExpENSR  Account  of  Tmarmf.  de  Mowbrecx,  1783-1786 

[Va.  Siale  Libraiy.—  Copy.] 

B.= 

Acco*  of  provisions  furnished  the  Indians  at  Kaskaskias  by  Timothy 
Dc  Monbreun  in  Ihe  Years  1783.  4.  5.  6. 

Account  of  EJcpeniics  made  and  provisions  furnished  to  the  Indians 
for  Account  of  the  United  States  in  (he  Years  1783, 1784, 1785  and  1786. 

I  Sw  pan.  p,  374. 

■  Tbwe  two  opcoM  ■oooau,  mvked  B.  ud  C,  with  the  oonuiMlos  imuA  br  Kldttrd  Win- 
>ua  Is  De  Moabnun,  were  «sdoaaJ  «tlh  llia  ■bow  nmnarial.    Sn  ante,  p^  jjj. 


3SB  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

1783  Don.  Sbill»  pcnae 

4j4  lb  beef  t  10  Do))  p  cwt 43        3        6 

141  lb  pork  «  »  Doll  pcwrt 38        1        8 

9  minofs  Indian  com  s  4/ 4        4        " 

7  Gallons  Toffia  n  4  Doll »&       "        " 

1784 

300  lb  beef  &  to  D.  p  cwt 30         7 

180  lb  pork  a  ao  D 3&        "        " 

15  minots  Indian  Meala4/ ••      7       4       3 

33  Gallons  Talïia  a  4  Doll 99        " 

1785 

600  lb  beef  a  10  Doll 60 

no  lb  pork  a  30  Doll at 

II  MinoU  Indian  Meal  a  4/ .,,,       j         4 

6  GalloDfi  TaRiiL  AI  4  Dolt , u 

1786 

350 lb  beef  a  10 D 35 

181  lb  pork  a  3o  D .......j.. ^  C**^! 

14  MInot»  Indian  Meal 7 

i9Ga]bnsTa(r>aa4  Titili 48 

Error»  Excepted Dollars  49;  [n'c]  1 

C. 

Account  of  Expense!)  for  Account  of  this  Siale,  in  difTerpnl  Jnumies 
from  Kaskaakfaia  to  Kaficktas,  and  from  St  Louis  uf  [and  ?]  Kaskaskios 
!o  St  Genevieve,  in  the  Years  1783,  1784,  1785  and  7766. 

Two  Joumiea  from  Kaskaskias  to  K&hokias 

Dollais    8Lb  of  a  D. 

Carriage  hire  at  10  D»lla» 40 

Three  Journies  on  hnt>e  hack  aioD... 30 

Thrice  Cnnsingihc  Missmippi  a  4/8tb9. .  ..        t  4 

Nine  day»  board  a  6/8  d  Day 6  6 

Joumics  fn>cn  Eoekaskias  to  Si  Geneviève 

Dollar»        Sth  of  a  D._ 
Twice  on  horecbarka  1  D  .. .    .. a 

CruKsiuft  the  rivei  four  time»  a  4/8tha a 

Three  days  board  a  6/8tbs t                   » 

1784  Two  Joumles  from  Ka»kaakiu  lo  Kahokia»  in  a 
cama{^ 40                   " 

Two  J°  OQ  hoTwbsck  a  10  D ae  " 

Twice  Cfoasing  from  Cahoes  to  St  Loui» z  " 

Six  days  board  at  6/8lhs 4  4 

Joumles  from  Kaskaskia»  to  St  Oeneriere 

Four  Journie»  on  horseback  aiD 4 

Cnitsing  rivcT  four  times  a  4/8 a 

Two  days  boon) t 

0%.    tsUtit]  " 


FRAGMENT  OF  COVRT  RECORD,  JUNE  3,  1784         359 


FRAGldUNT   OF    CqUKT    ReCORD    WhITTEN   IN    ReOOBD-BoOK  07    TOE 

French  Régime,  June  3,  1784.' 

[K.  MSS.—  D.  s.] 

Registre  des  audience  du  district  de  la  ville  Des  KasKiisKias  Comté 

Des  illinois  tenu  cejourdfauy,  troi^eme  jour  De  juin  mil  sept  cent  quatre 

vingt  Et  quatre,  par  nous  thimotbé  Demonbnm  Lieutenant  député  de 

La  ditte  Comté  et  magistrat  du  district  &c. 

THniOTÉ  DE  MONBREITN  C  D 

Avoir  oUi  Les  party  De  La  part  du  Sir  WiRok  Et  Clark  plaîntiffe 
Et  de  La  pard  du  Sr.  Daniel  murray  Défendeur  Les  partie  Comparante 
En  personne  oUî  Leur  débat;  hc  dit  dcffendcur  Daniel  murray;  a 
reconnu  pardevant  Nous  magistrat  Le  Compte  présente  par  Mcssî 
Wiffok  et  Clark  La  somme  de  cent  trots  livre  Cinq  sols,  que  ledit  Sr 
murray  reconnois  devoir  Le  Compte  En  dat  du  neuf  ocbre  1783  &C. 
Nous  Condamnons  Ledit  Sieur  Daniel    murray  de  payer  sous  huit 

[TranshtUm.] 
Record  of  the  sessions  of  the  Court  of  the  District  of  the  Town  of 
Kaskaskia,  County  of  the  Illinois,  held  this  day,  June  ■;,  1784,  by  us 
TimoEhé  de  MoDbreun,  County  Lieutenant  of  the  said  County  and 
Ma;giatrate  of  the  District,  etc. 

TWOTHE  DE  MON^REUN,  C.  D. 

We  have  heard  the  parties;  on  the  part  of  MM.  Wikoff  and  Clark. 
plaintiffs,  and  on  the  part  of  M.  Daniel  Murray,  defendant,  the  parties 
appearing  in  person.  We  have  heard  their  arguments-  The  said 
defendant,  Daniel  Murray,  has  acknowledged  before  us,  the  magis- 
trate, the  account,  presented  by  MM.  Wikoff  and  Clark,,  amounting 
to  the  sum  of  one  hundred  and  three /»fr«j  and  ûvcsoJs,  and  M.  Murray 
acknowledges  that  he  owes  the  account  dated  October  9,  1783,  etc. 
We  condemn  the  said  M.  Daniel  Murray  10  pay,  within  a  week  from 
the  date  of  ihc  present,  the  said  account,  which  be  has  acknowledged.' 

■  Tbix  ntnfd  of  a  («ioa  held  br  Dr  MoDbrt^inhwrlitmioQ^  pacaatsffcnrd  bookorihr  Pr«iïh 
r^imr,  •arHlmchnl  Lw-liirm  n  Irw  rcfutrio  ol  widm'  iwlhs  la  ÉOTcnlonn  nude  by  Che  drrk  of  Ikrc 

Vifguiii  paiod. 

■  1'lic  »p|K«eaH  of  Joha  DodM  nudu  wmm  aplul  out  dt  ihb  aw.    Acoordlnit  to  lima,  aJnng^ 

Dcnuiom*  ihiidrirt  MbÎMiiCMdr.andilifuaiUKIediOAfctfdbleniiuincr.  Ihitoidnllrillitdealli 
oilïmaid  Uumr.    Stt  put.  p.  41^- 


i 


il 


3&> 


n-LIVOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


jours  daite  des  present  Ledit  Compt  qui)  a  reConu  Mandons  8ic  au 
KuKasKias  Le  3*  juin  1784.    Et  ai^  [m]  quc  les  frais 
Copie  Livré  15 

THDfOTÉ  DE  MOKBREttN  C.  D. 


I 


oui  Les  party  de  La  part  du  Sieur  John  Dodge  plaintiffe  et  de  la 
part  du  &r.  ant.  Bienvenus  ùh  Défendeur.  ^M 

oui  Leurs  débatte  Le  Billiet  du  dedendeur  présenté  reconnu  pa^B 
Ledit  Sieur  ant.  Bienvenus  ûls  devoir  Et  aJnsy  Ledit  Ste.  Dodge  luy 
accordant  Délais  jusquau  traize  du  present  mois.     FA  nous  Lujr  Con- 
damnon  assalisfaire  son  billiei  au  terme  arcordé  Mandons  &c.     Fx, 
ainsy  que  les  frais  &c  au  KasKasKias  Le  iroiaieme  juin  Mil  sept 
quatrevingt  Et  quatre 

TBIHOrâ  DE  MOKBREUN  C.  D. 

[Trausiatûm.] 
We  90  order,  etc.    At  Kaskaskia,  June  3,  1784.    And  lo  pay  the 
also. 

TIHOTHÉ  DE  MoNSRBim,  C.  D. 
Copy  delivered,  15  livres. 

Heard  the  parties;  on  the  part  of  M.  John  Dodge,  plaintiff  and 
the  part  of  M.  Anl.  Bienvenu,  Junior,  defendant. 

Heard  Iheir  arguments.    The  note  of  the  defendant  which  w 
prcscntL*d  has  been  acknowledged  as  due  by  the  said  M.  Ant.  Bien- 
venu, Junior;  and  since  the  said  M.  Dodge  grants  him  a  delay  till  lh< 
thirteenth  of  the  present  month,  we  condemn  him  to  satisfy  his  now 
at  the  lime  accorded.    So  we  order,  etc.    And  he  is  to  pay  the  cosi 
likewise,  etc.    At  Kaskaskia,  June  3,  1784. 

TiMOTHê  DE  MONBREUN,  C.  D. 


TlMOmff   DK  MOKBRF-UN   (O  PRESIDENT  OF  CONf.RF5S,  Junc  l6,   178^ 
[C.  C.  Pp.,  m.,  Kaskukliut  imd  Ky.,  XXX.,  46.Î.—  L.  S.] 

Kaskaskce  June  i6eh.  1784J 
Snt, 

Accompanying  this  under  cover  is  a  memorial  from  a  few  of  th« 
principle  Inhabilants  of  the  Village  of  Kaskaskic,  which  accident 
enabled  them  to  present,  and  I  have  the  honr.  lo  inclose,  and  whicl 


DE  MONBREUN  TO  CONGRESS,  JUNE  (6,  1784  3Û1 

permit  me  to  assure  assure  [sU]  your  excellency  contains  a  Candid 
rcpreaentatjon  of  Eucts,  and  Hope  CongrutS  will  give  the  prayer  thereof 
a  hearing  in  due  time,  and  grant  such  relief  as  Congress  shall  Judge 
Just  and  Reasonable. 

By  a  Gentleman  who  came  here  mcarly  on  a  visit  to  this  Country  a 
few  days  ago,  I  am  informed  that  Virginia  has  relinquished  all  claim 
to  the  Country  Nnrthiveit  o(  the  River  Ohio  unto  the  United  States, 
which  gives  mc  great  pleasure,  and  permit  me  to  Congratulate  your 
Excellency  on  the  event. 

Some  years  ago  I  was  appointed  County  Lieutenant  by  the  state 
of  Virginia  for  the  Illcnoisc  County  in  which  Office  to  this  day,  but  my- 
self, and  the  Civil  Department  here  have  been  much  Imberascd,  and 
found  great  difficulty  in  keeping  Dcoplin  and  subordenation,  Owing 
to  the  Sufferings  of  the  People,  and  the  Clamours  of  Designing  pen, 
amongst  the  Ignorant  part  of  them,  which  your  Excellency  knows  are 
too  often  able  to  give  trouble  to  the  better  sort,  and  those  in  Authority. 
However  we  have  heretofore  been  so  fortunate  as  to  be  able  to  Counter 
Ad  their  Mischecvous  'Designs,  and  to  keep  up  some  flimsy  kind  of 
Government,  but  permit  me  to  assure  your  Excellcnry  that  I  am  firmly 
of  Opinion  (being  well  acquainted  with  the  Geneous  of  those  people) 
that  if  something  is  not  soon  done  to  strengthen  our  hands  we  shall  not 
be  able  to  support  authonty.  On  the  Contrary  was  Government 
firmly  Established,  and  proper  Iticourage  given  we  soutd  soon  become 
Respectable,  and  I  cannot  help  thinking  with  the  Memori[a{Iists,  that 
many  of  the  people  on  the  Spani<Ji  side  would  come  to  us.  and  those 
return  who  left  us  since  the  Commcnc[e)ment  of  the  war,  as  they  went 
away  on  Account  of  Irregularities  Commited  here. 

The  People  of  the  other  villages  and  Elecwhere  [sU]  in  this  Country 
could  not  join  the  present  Memorilists,  as  the  Gentleman  who  carries 
this  could  not  wait  until  they  could  be  Convened. 

I  hope  your  Kxcclk-ncy  will  please  to  Excuse  the  I.ilH.-rty  T  have 
taken  in  this  adress,  but  my  Perticuliar  situation  T  ci9nre|i]vu  makes  H 
my  duty  to  make  this  Represcnttlion. 

I  bare  the  hour,  to  be  with  the  highest  Esteem  Your  Excellency 
Most  Obdt.  Very  Hmb  Servi 

His  Excellency  his'  Thimoté  DEMONBBEtJNT  mark 

Thomas  MtfUin  Esquire 

Preaideni  of  Congress 

'  "Hli  mttk."  added  In  tu&dwritlni  o[  «iidiirïfmfai,  U  «rldMIly  a  (aie 


Jfit 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


P  S.  The  Pco[)lc  have  Prevailed  on  Colo.  Pentecost,'  on  whom 
they  greatly  rely  to  Promise  to  deliver  their  Memorial  into  your  Excel- 
lency» own  hands,  and  to  whom  they  vrould  beg  leave  to  refer  your  £jc- 
cellency  for  any  infonnation  respecting  this  Country 

TkIMOTC  DKM0V8RECNT 
[Endorsement:]     No  19.     Letter  June  i6.  1784  from  Kaskaskies 
[Addressed:\    His  Excellency  Thomas  Mifflin   Esquire  President  of 
Congress  fowd  by  Colo:  Penlccosl 


Memorial  to  Congress  bv  the  Faction  of  John  Dodge, 

June  33,  1784. 

[C.  C.  Pp.,  XXX..  435  -  A.  D.  S.] 

L'honnnrable  preiudent  Des  Etats  unis  Dans  Le  Congrées  ascni* 
bWc  &t;  &c  8ic 

Mémoire  Des  principaux  Des  habitants  Du  village  Des  KasKasRîas 
pour  eux  m(mc  El  différante  autres  habitant  des  villages  de  Comté 
doB  illenois. 

Nous  prenont  La  liljerlé  de  vous  présenté  notre  mémoires  dupuîs 
Le  Commanrement  de  la  juste  Et  ndtfeairc  dcmiorc  Guerre  avec  La 
brétjignc,  Etant  toujours  àlîichiîc  En  nous  pour  La  Causses  De  Lamer- 
ique,  Mats  nous  avons  toujours  été  Gouverné  par  Le  militaire  Et  Loix 
de  la  Grande  Bretagne,  à  Nôtres  moniffic^itîons  Cela  Nous  à  Enpcché 


[Translatiim.] 

Te  the  Honorable  President  of  the  United  States,  in  CoDgreas 
assembled,  etc.,  etc. 

Memorial  of  the  chief  inhabitants  of  the  village  of  Kaskaskia,  fot 
themselves  and  other  inhabitants  of  the  villages  of  the  County  of  Illinois, 

We  take  the  liberty  of  presenting  to  you  this  memorial.  From  the 
time  of  the  commencement  of  the  just  and  necessar)'  late  war  with  Great 
Britain,  we  were  always  attached  to  the  cause  of  America,  but  we  were 
always  ruled  by  the  army  and  law  of  Great  Britain;  and  this,  to  uur 
mortification,  hindered  us  from  taking  ]>art  with  our  fellow-citizens  wbo 


* 


l<M-Ky  PaUcost  wu  a.  Vltgiaiaa,  «Iw  Mtilcd  ia  WaitooTtLui'l  Coiiniy,  Pi.,  la  trt».  n« 
iii|  (iti)[liU'iitc  fcil  PauuylruiU.  hut  W  the  twundniy  dïtnuiF  with  Virjinu  lidnl  «ith  we  latUr. 
Jb  tirj  tie  norcd  in  WuhiafLon  Counly.  He  uotetcd  Ckrk  In  raiiiLnii  troops  lor  Ibf  UliBoii  npcdi- 
tiqm.  Mbi  iiri^mcr  in  IJUoiila  al  thli  linif  «■>  t9up  li>  liii  dni/c  10  luiL  ther  thr  lind.ccdrd  bf  Fithn 
GJtaull.  vhich  tm  Itad  boujtit.  (Stc  atU.  a.  ij,  uuS  JU.  Ilisi.CaLeiiitniJ.'a.,  p.  jSi  J  Tbe>tMv« 
BOI*  lu*  btm  uUptcd  frocn  Tbirticfsuid  iienogg,[hmiÊaTt'i  War,  101, 


MEMORIAL  TO  CONGRESS.  JUNE  m,  1784 


363 


de  prendre  part  avec  nr>9  Compatriotte  quits  oiits  Eté  maltraite  Et  ausi 
pour  dire  notre  sentiment  Depuis  nous  avons  Eté  soulagé  par  Les 
trou[ies  qu'ils-ont  Eté  Envoyé  par  La  virgin!«,  que  nous  avons  Reçus 
à  bras  ouvers  Et  Nous  avons  avancé  tous  Ce  qui  Etoit  Neaesaire  pour 
Leurs  subssîstaacc  Et  Nous  avons  joind  nos  armes  avec  Eux. 

Noire  Mémoire  prend  La  liberté  de  vous  obacr\'er  que  Ces  même 
troupes  qui  sont  venus  Etoit  tous  nûs  Et  denUécs  de  tous,  (par  La 
longue  marche  autresvers  des  pays  qui  n'estoil  pas  àbituée)  Larivé  de 
Ces  troupes  Nous  a  donné  Coeur,  a  déclaré  Notre  atacfaemcnt  pour  La 
juste  causses  pour  La  quelle  Us  Eioit  Engagé  En  fournissant  toutes  Les 
Décesaires  pour  faire  La  situation  agréable  Et  aissé,  Et  actuellement 
avon<i  Marché  dans  ixs  Expedition  volontairement,  Et  pour  ï-cs  four- 
niture que  nous  avons  fail  Nous  avons  Reçus  de  L'argent  Continantallc 
Et  Lêtres  D'échange  sur  I-e  public,  sure  pied  d'argent  sonnante  Et  après 
La  déprésiasion  de  Cette  argent  Le  d'ommage  du  peuple  Et  La  plus 
Grande  partyc  Ne  sont  point  EnCorrc  payé,  se  tors  que  nous  avons 
point  mérité  ni  pence  que  Cela  auré  arivéz  à  taretté  Notre  Commerce 
qui  Nous  Causes  une  grande  pauvrette  dans  Nos  familcs,  Mais  Nous 
avons  toujours  un  grand  désire  pour  rendre  service  pour  le  bien  du 

\Ttatulatioa.] 
were  ill-treated,  and  also  from  expressing  our  opinions.  Since  that  time, 
however,  we  have  been  relieved  by  the  troops  who  were  sent  from  Vir- 
ginia and  whom  we  received  with  open  arms  and  furnished  with  all 
that  was  necessary  for  their  support  ;  and  wc  joined  our  arms  to  theirs. 
In  our  memorial  wc  take  the  liberty  to  call  to  your  attention  that  theae 
same  troops^  who  came,  were  naked  and  in  want  of  all  things  on  account 
of  the  long  march  across  regions  which  were  not  inhabited.  The  arrival 
of  these  troops  gave  us  courage  to  declare  our  attachment  for  the  just 
cause,  in  which  they  were  engaged,  by  furnishing  all  the  things  necessary 
for  making  their  position  agreeable  and  comfortable  ;  and  wc  actually 
marched,  of  our  own  accord,  in  their  expeditions.  For  the  supplies  we 
furnished  we  received  continental  money  and  letters  of  exchange  on  the 
public  on  the  basb  of  specie,  and  that  after  the  depreciation  of  this  money. 
The  loss  to  the  people  and  the  greater  part  of  these  letters  of  exchange 
are  not  yet  paid.  This  evil  which  we  did  not  deserve  or  expect  has 
hindered  our  commerce  and  has  brought  a  great  poverty  upon  our 
families.    Still  we  have  a  great  dcûre  to  render  service  for  the  public 


364 


ILLINOIS  HIïrORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


public  Nous  avons  vtdontairement  donné  part  de  la  production  de  nos 
dun:  travaux,  imx  même  tema  Notre  familles,  à  Eté  Réduit  a  une  situ- 
ation deplorable,  Nous  avons  toujours  fourni,  plus  que  nous  pouvions 
(aire.  Nos  fourniture,  Ce  trouvant  pas  sufissanles  pour  La  subsastancc 
des  troupes,  Nos  vache  Et  Boeuf  des  travaux  ont  Eti*  tué  dans  notre 
Commune  Ei  dans  nos  Coures  oni  pris  par  forces  de  notre  familles  qui 
Etoît  dans  La  tristesse  pour  L'armé  &c.  Et  quand  nous  avons  fait 
notre  presentation  au  Commandant  En  demandant  de  faire  notre 
tristesse  ou  notre  misère  plus  douce. — Nous  avons  reçus  pour  reponcc 
que  Les  troupes  vive  Et  vous  en  scré  payé,  Nous  avons  Experience 
des  premiers  Et  non  pas  La  dernier  Et  il  non  pas  un  juste  arangemcnt 
de  nos  Comptes. 

Et  âpres  Les  troupes  ont  Continué  avec  Nous  quaires  ans — Et  differ- 
ent Expeditions  ont  Eté  fait  Contre  Les  ostillilc  des  different  tribus  des 
sauvages  sur  Lesquelles  Nous  avons  toujours  Marchée  Et  toutes  Les 
poste  des  Englais  ont  Eté  Réduit,  El  après  Celas  Les  troupes  se  sont 
Retiré  de  nous  Nous  souposson  parœquc  Nous  Etions  point  Capable 
de  donner  La  subssislancc  plus  Lorgtcms  parccquc  Noua  Etions  Réduit 
à  La  dernier  Extrémité  des  miscre  Nous-mCmc.    Après  tous  Celas  il 

l  Translation.] 

welfare.  We  voluntarily  gave  part  of  the  product  of  our  labors,  al  the 
very  time  that  our  families  were  reduced  to  a  deplorable  condition. 
We  have  always  fumisbed  raore  than  we  were  able  to.  Since  our  sup- 
plies wen:  not  sufficient  for  the  maintenance  of  the  trix)p.s,  our  cows  and 
plow-ojtcn  have  been  killed  in  our  ver>'  coranions  and  in  our  yards,  and 
taken  by  force  from  our  families  which  were  in  great  distress  because  of 
the  army,  etc.  And  when  wc  made  a  reraoastrance  to  the  commandant 
asking  that  our  sad  condition  and  our  po^-erty  be  alleviated,  we  a-ccived 
for  an  answer  that  the  trooi>8  had  to  live  and  that  we  woiJd  be  paid.  We 
have  ex|}crienced  the  first  but  not  the  last  part,  and  it  is  not  an  equitable 
settlement  of  uur  accounts. 

Then  the  trtx)])s  remained  with  us  for  four  years,  making  several 
expeditions  against  the  different  Iriljcs  of  ho.stilc  Indians,  on  which  wc 
have  always  marched,  and  all  the  [wst-S  of  the  English  were  captured. 
.■\fter  this  the  troops  were  withdrawn  from  us,  because,  as  we  suppose,  wc 
were  not  able  to  give  them  their  subsistence  any  longer,  since  we  ourselves 
were  reduced  to  the  last  extremity  of  poverty.    After  all  this  they  left 


MEMORIAL  TO  CONGRESS,  JUNE  as,  1784  365 

nous  onl  Laisse  à  la  furi  Et  Barhari  des  nations,  Ccpendent  peut  de 
nous  ont  Eté  tu^  que  Nos  animaux  détruite  si  peut  que  Les  (joupes 
avez  Laiaée 

Notre  mémoire  prend  La  liberté  de  vous  présente  ausi  que  sure 
tous  par  La  faute  du  Commandant,  Le  payement  qui  est  aretté  Le  mai 
Employ  de  L'argenl  ascmtile  avec  Les  sirconstance  de  notre  partic- 
uUier  situation,  Boucoup  des  peuple  du  pays  dans  Leurs  oppullances 
ont  descndu,  dans  La  dcmierc  indilgcncc,  Pour  Cela  Nous  vous  avons 
tous  doaniî  un  juste  détaille  de  la  vérité  permette  nous  de  vous  àsurer 
de  votre  Excelencc  Et  votre  honnorable  Corps,  que  tous  ce  que  nous 
soiton  a  present  Est  de  nous  nvaitre  Le  phis  prottement  que  vous  trou- 
verez a  propos  dans  I^  même  Etat  avec  nos  Compatriotte  pour  faire 
une  NouveUc  Etat  Donné  Nous  Le  même  droit  de  puissance  liberté  El 
independence  avec  Les  autres  Etats,  que  Nous  Croyons  que  celas 
Conlribura  a  Notre  honneurs  Et  nous  maissons  un  Etat  Respectable  Et 
Contribura  a  la  vantage  des  Etats  unis. 

Permette  Nous  d'observer  que  nous  somme  d'opion  [sic]  si  Le  Congre 
trouve  à  propau  de  nous  faire  Ce  bonneurre  dun  Nouvaux  Etat  ici  Et 

[Translalion.l 
us  to  the  fury  and  barbarity  of  the  nations,  and  some  of  us  were  killed, 
and  our  animals  were  destroyed  =-  the  few  the  troops  had  left. 

Wc  take  the  liberty  also  of  showing  you  in  this  memorial  that  above 
all  through  the  fault  of  the  commandant,  the  delayed  payments,  the 
misuse  of  money,  together  with  the  circumstances  of  our  special  situation, 
many  persons  of  wealth  have  descended  to  the  depths  of  poverty;  con- 
cerning all  this  we  have  given  you  a  just  account  of  the  truth.  Permit 
us  to  assure  your  Excellency  and  your  honorable  body,  that  all  we  now 
pray  for  is  that  you  place  us  as  soon  as  you  may  see  fit  in  the  same  condi- 
tion as  that  of  our  fellow-citizcns  so  that  we  may  form  a  new  state;  and 
that  you  will  give  us  the  same  right  of  power,  liberty,  and  independence 
with  ttie  other  states,  for  we  think  (hatthis  will  contribute  to  our  welfare, 
and  enable  us  to  make  a  respectable  state  which  will  be  of  advantage  to 
the  United  States.' 

Permit  us  to  say  that  wc  are  of  the  opinion  that,  if  Congress  sees 
fit  to  grant  us  the  blessing  of  a  new  slate  here  and  to  encourage  the 


County 


Hui  dame  may  hare  bc«n  Inspired  br  ■  carapoadim  ma'matiii  foi  BUiononr  b  KAiWcly 

IS 


y66  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

EnCourager  Le  peuple  pour  venire  Etablirc  Parmîs  nous  La  «'enUge 
Et  Richese  des  terres  El  du  Commerce  fera  notre  oppulan«  Ed  peu  de 
temps. 

Nous  prenon  La  liberté  d'observer  ausi,  qui]  est  ausi  nécésairc 
pour  Le  Congnî  danvoyé  pannis  nous  qu'clleque  personne  pour  Xous 
aidcrc  a  faire  une  CoDstitution  Et  mette  nous  dans  un  Etat  pour  faire  fl 
toute  sorte  darangcmcnt  Nous  sommes  pas  un  jjetit  Corps  de  peuple, 
mais  Comme  nous  avons  Elé  toujours  Gouverné  par  Le  militaire,  Nous 
avons  jamais  Eu  dexpcrîence  dune  machine  d'une  republic  pour  La 
malisc  des  gens  mal  întcntionné,  nous  avons  boucoup  de  dilîiailté  [Kmr 
faire  obcire  aux  ordre  quiJ  Nous  ont  Eté  donn<?  El  Comme  nous  sommes 
prot-he  dun  autres  Royome  qui  Est  Couvenuî  par  Le  militaire  peu  csire 
ce  bien  mats  nous  prions  Le  Congrues  particulièrement  de  Considéré 
si  Ces  [las  nésstfsaîre  dansvoytf  un  peut  de  troupe  ici  pour  assista  a 
Eiablire  un  Gouverncmcrt  Civile  jiisqua  que  Le  pays  viendra^  &  Ces 
fort  Ce  la  donnera  de  T«i  térrur  aux  nations,  El  fera  voire  à  nos  voysin 
que  nous  Commcnson  a  dcvcnîrc  Respectable,  Nous  sommes  à-suré  que 
si  nous  avions  un  Gouvernement  bien  Etabli  Et  policé  cela  Lathîrtré 
La  plus  grand  parties  des  peuples  de  Lautres  Rive  de  nos  voisin. 

[Tramiaiion.] 
people  to  come   and   settle  amoag  us,  the  advantageous   situation, 
the  richness  of  the  soil,  and  commerce  will  biing  us  abundance  in  a 
ihotl  time. 

We  further  take  the  liberty  to  state  that  it  is  also  necessary  for  Con- 
gress to  send  to  us  somebody  to  help  us  in  drawing  up  a  constitution  antl 
put  us  in  a  condition  to  make  all  kinds  of  settlements.  We  are  not  a  small 
body  of  people,  but,  as  we  have  always  lieen  governed  by  the  military,  ^ 
we  have  never  had  experience  with  the  machinery  of  a  republic.  On  fl 
account  of  the  malignity  of  some  evil-minded  persons,  we  have  had 
much  trouble  in  maintaining  obedience  to  the  laws  which  were  given 
to  us;  and  as  we  are  near  to  another  kingdom  which  is  governed  by 
the  military,  perhaps  it  is  as  well  [?]  that  wc  pray  Congress  to  consider 
in  particular  if  it  is  not  necessary  to  send  a  few  trxxipa  here  to  assist  i 
in  establishing  a  civil  gnvemmcnt,  until  the  country  shall  have  become  fl 
sufficiently  strong.  That  will  inspire  fear  in  the  nations  and  will  make 
our  neighbors  see  that  wc  are  becoming  rcs|>ectabl(:.  We  feci  sure 
that,  if  we  had  a  well-estahlished  government  and  jioticc,  this  would 
attract  the  majority  of  the  people  from  our  neighbor's  shore. 


a 


MEMORIAL  TO  CONGRESS,  JUNE  33,  1784 


^ 


Nous  nous  reposim  sur  La  juste  Et  sincérité  de  votre  honorable 
Corp  Nous  VOU3  demandons  pemiislion  de  vous  livrées  nos  très  respec 
mémoire,  a  votre  scricusse  Consideration,  En  demandans  tous  Ce  que 
vous  trouverez  a  propos  dans  La  presentation,  Celas  Rendra,  justice  à 
tous  Et  Ces  Lcsoît  de  tous  Les  honnêtes  genae. 

Notre  mémoire  El  de  prier  toujours  pour  Le  honneur  de  La  Com- 
munauté En  general.    Au  KasKasKïas  Le  32*=  juin  1784./. 

JosEPHE   Blay   Sa    marque  Clemet  Datrav 


habitant  de  la  pr&ri  de 
vache 

fïANÇOtS    ROUSSAUX        Sa 

marque 
Henry  Smtth 
JAM  Baptiste  St  onoe  Sa 

marque 


JOSEPH  Dopcis  sa  marque 
John  Marshall 

DE     JACQUE      DeveNIES      Sa 

marie 
ki[col]as  Canada  Sa  marque 
JACQUE  CHENIER  Sa  marquc 

ANTOINE  BRUYAT 


[Translation.] 

We  entrust  ourselves  to  the  justice  and  sincerity  of  your  honorable 
body.  We  beg  permis^on  to  submit  cur  very  bumble  memorial  for 
your  serious  consideration,  praying  for  all  that  which  you  shall  deem  ût 
in  this  presentation.  That  will  do  justice  tu  all,  and  this  is  the  earnest 
wish  of  all  honest  men. 

Our  memorial  is  to  pray  always  for  the  welfare  of  the  community  in 
general. 


Kaskasltia,  June  32,  1784.* 

Joseph  Blay,  his  mark,  an  in- 
habitant of  Prairie  dc  Vachc 
[du  Rocher]. 

François  Desrouisseaux,  his 
mark. 

Henry  Smith. 

Jean  Bapt.  St.  Onge.  his 
mark. 


Clement  Druky. 
Joseph  Dupuis,  his  mark. 
John  ALvkshall. 
Jacques  Devignais^  his 

mark. 
Nicolas  Canada,  his  mark. 
Jacqdes  Chenieb,  his  mark. 
Antoine  Buyat. 


■  If  thlllfal  bdudH  (be  lumaof  thA  MHirt  bclloa  oi  Juhn  Uudgv,  oM  wondcnhin»  he  nuinlaiatd 
Ui >Kend*flcy.  Whh  cbcncepilcn  of  ihduiDa'of  Ijchxtue,  Plmw  IjhhIuIi,  AimoIiw  Morio,  and 
Anlolne  Duunii,  Ihcro  ut  no  nnmci  of  Ibt  pmmmctit  cilûeiu.  There  jrc  io  nil  nincicm  Fioich 
■tuna,  one  U  thai  ol  u  wonuQ.  nine  unlf  guhwi]  their  nana.  St.  Onui  1*  la'itjuU)'  IrTiin  Vlncnuir», 
ajtd  tite  qmh»  c<  Onpuia,  LiÀoudc.  Richa/J,  fjkhiicre,  uid  Dunoon  Jo  not  npiiur  on  ihecouiu  ol 
KaalutlclB  iomftti.  p.  4M);  '""  ^'""  'ha^  ull  balgac  is  lb*  dan  of  «Jla*n  ■m!  Iiupuit  ■)  (cut  b 
known  lâiùveBted  In  the  vtllan,  ihLi  may  luw  no dnificuuc.  On  DcmIhi-'i  luiuai.  tet  lU.  Hi'il. 
CUbnÎM*,  U-,  p-  oub.  In  «Ivlnit  .in  «.ccouiit  of  tbii  petlUoa  in  (he  foiroiJuaioD  to  vol,  li..  1 
nbtookUienHnoal  Blay  and  Richard  for  RnglUtmnil  ihrârtorc  cinJilnl  I'>uil|r  «Ith  nnly  •cvmwcn 
FHnd)  Miomn. 


r 

j68                  ILLINOIS  UISTOfaCAL  COLLECTIONS                          ^H 

■ 

Jno  DotXÎE 

Bienvenus  fils                              ^^H 

■ 

\Vm  Wikopp 

ANTOINE  BAUVAIS                                  ^^H 

■  . 

La  Chansk 

HARI  UESSAYÉ.  vCUVC                           ^^H 

■ 

Jas.  Willey 

Louis  Lasocde  sa  marque            ^^H 

■ 

J  AS.  Moore 

Nicholas  Suyth                        ^^H 

■ 

P«B  Lanclois 

A.   MORIN                                              ^^H 

■ 

Thos.  Hugh's 

P  Richard                                 ^^H 

■ 

Gabhl  Peterson 

Gerard  Lakclois                      ^^H 

■ 

Tobias  Bbashtiar 

Rauon  Labricr  sa  marque        ^^| 

■ 

S had RACK  Bond 

JAN     BATISTE     DaMOURS     S»           ^^| 

F 

John  Wiluaais 

marque                                    ^^^| 

D  S  Licks 

■ 

En  Registre  au  greffe  a 

IC9 

P»ge  3-  4.  5-  6,  El  7.  folio  4.  au  Kas-         V 

KasKîas  Le  22'  juin  1784./ 

P«^  L.\NCLOIS                            1 

Greffier  de  Comté          1 

[Endorsed:]    No.  13  Memorial 

—  Inhabitants  of  Ibe  KasKasKies  and           1 

lUnois  Villages  — 

J 

[Tramhiion.]                                            ^^H 

John  Dodge. 

Bienvenu,  JtmioR.                      ^^M 

\Vm.  Wikoff. 

Antodie  Bauvais.                    ^^^^Ê 

Lachanse. 

Makie  Messaye,  widow.           ^^^^H 

Jas.  Willey. 

Louis  Lasoude,  his  mark.                   V 

Jas.  Moore. 

Nicholas  Smyth.                          ^^H 

Pierre  Langlqis. 

A.  MOHIN.                                                            ^^H 

Thus.  Hughes. 

p.  Richard.                                       V 

Gabrl.  Peterson. 

Gerard  Langlois.                              V 

Tobias  Bhashej\r. 

Ra^-uund  Labriere,  bis  mark.                1 

Shadrack  Bono. 

Jean  Baptiste  Dauours,  his              1 

John  Wit.liahs. 

mark.                                                   fl 

D.  S.  Licks. 

1 

Registered  at  the  clerk's  office  on  pages  3,  4,  5,  6  and  7  of  folio  4.           | 

At  Kaskaskia,  the  aid  uf  June, 

1784.             PiEttKE  Langlois, 

^ 

Clerk  of  the  County. 

MfuoMAL  or  François  Cakbonneaux  to  Congress, 

December  8,  1784. 

[C.  C.  Pp.,  11!.,  Kasluwkia,  anrf  Ky..  m.,  453.—  D.  S.J 

To  the  Hatible,  The  United  Stales  of  America  in  Congress  assembled. 

The  Memorial  of  Francois  Carbooneaux   of   the  Illinois   Country, 

Agent  for  the  liibabilatits  thereof  humbly  sbewetb 

That  the  said  Inhabitants  to  the  Number  of  four  hundred  Families, 
exclusive  of  a  like  Number  at  Post  Vincent,  labour  under  the  greatest 
Inconveniences  for  want  of  Onler  and  good  Govcmmi'nl.  That  many 
ill  diajMised  Persons  have  taken  Refuge  in  their  Country  —  That 
Papulation  is  daily  encreasing  —  That  their  Proiwrty  is  invaded 
and  arrested  from  them  by  the  Hands  of  daring  Intruders  and  that 
Violences  are  frequently  committed  in  various  Ways,  against  [heir  Per- 
sons, and  against  the  Persons  and  Properties  of  the  Natives.  Your 
Memorialist  doth  therefore,  in  behalf  of  the  Inhabitants  aforesaid,  hum- 
bly pray,  that  Congress  will  Jm-"  pleased  to  take  their  distressed  Case  into 
Consideration,  and  either  immediately  establish  some  Form  of  Goveni- 
raent  among  them,  and  appoint  Officers  to  execute  the  same,  or  that 
they  will  nominate  Commissioners  to  repair  to  the  Illinois,  to  inquire 
into  their  Situation,  and  to  consult  with  the  Inhabitants  thereon;  and 
to  do  and  execute  such  Matters  and  Things  as  they  shall  find  necessary, 
until  some  regular  Government  can  be  established. 

Your  Memorial[i]st  conceives  that  it  is  in  the  Power  of  Congress  by 
such  a  Measure,  not  only  to  restore  Tranquilit-y  among  the  Inhabitants 
of  an  extensiix  and  fertile  Country,  but  to  give  I'eace  to  those  of  the 
Frontiers  of  Mrginia,  and  to  establish,  a  valuable  Commerce,  not  only 
with  the  Natives,  but  with  new  Spain,  which  is  now  wholly  carried  on 
by  British  Subjects  from  Canada. 
Trenton  Deer.  8th  1784 

Carbonneai;x  ' 
[Endorsed:]    No.  16    Memorial  Francis  Carbonneaux 

Agent  for  the  Inhahiiauts  of  the  Illinois  — 


'  \lirT  Wlmlnn  >n<i  Cnrboanraui  bad  iailed  loaliUiD  nnv  Uiiabinian  frani  VitKÎnia,  CitrlMa- 
Bitvjx  itipmiMl  Ici  ihf  CaoilnrniHl  ('oiu rna.  ThU  bwty  look  Inlu  totuàlCTutivii  hb  mciDorial,  and 
onl/  t«lcr  Rcdvccl  lliol  ul  tbc  jnuly  ui  Jobo  Oodgc.     Sœ  loUomiait  dooimcaU. 


370 


ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


CoNCKESSiONAL  CoîoimTK  ON  Carbokneaux 's  Meuosial, 

Febniaiy  15,  1785. 

[C.  C.  pp..  III.,  KukASkin,  and  Ky.,  xxx.,  ^31. —  A.  D.  S.) 

The  Commitlcc  consisting  of  [blank]  to  whom  was  referred  a  Memo- 
rial from  Francis  Carbeneaux  and  the  papers  accompanying  it  beg 
leave  to  submit  the  following  Report.  That  as  satisfactory  documents 
have  been  produced  by  the  said  Carbeneaujc  to  shew  that  he  has  been 
deputed  by  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Kaskaskie  and  lUenois  settlements  to 
represent  to  Congress  the  great  inconvenience  to  which  they  are  subject 
from  ihc  want  of  order  and  good  government. 

And  as  it  is  expedient  that  the  most  early  Steps  should  be  taken  to 
relieve  the  said  Inhabilanis  from  the  difBculties  which  have  arisen  from 
the  unsettled  state  of  their  Affairs,  until  mure  eiTectual  arrangements  can 
be  made  for  extending  lo  them  a  more  regular  establishment  of  security 
and  good  order,  Resolved  That  one  or  more  Commissioners  be  appointed 
to  repair  to  the  Kaskaskie  and  Illcnois  Settlements; 

That  he  he  charged  to  use  his  best  endeavours  to  suppress  tboK  dis- 
orders and  irregularities  of  which  the  said  Inhabitants  complain.  And 
that  in  the  exercise  of  his  Authority  and  the  administration  of  justice  h« 
pursue  the  mode  which  he  may  judge  the  best  calculated  to  quiet  the 
Minds  of  those  peop[l]e  and  secure  their  attachment  to  the  fcederal  gov- 
ernment. Thai  he  be  required  to  adjust  and  settle  all  Accounts  of  the 
said  Inhabitants  against  the  United  States,  taking  care  to  have  proper 
documents  produced  in  support  of  their  respective  claims;  —  and  that, 
he  be  invested  with  all  the  powers  and  Authorities  of  the  other  Commis* 
sioneni  for  setlleing  the  accis  o)  the  several  stale;!,  against  the  United 
States  under  the  resolution  of  Congress  of  22.  febry  1783.  And  the 
more  effectually  to  preserve  peace  and  good  order,  Resolved  that  Men 
oiut  of  those  to  be  raised  for  guarrisoning  our  Western  frontiers  be  sta- 
tioned in  the  said  district. 

Resolved  that  he  be  allowed  [blank]  dollars  as  a  compensation  for 
bis  trouble  and  expenccs. 
[Endorsed:]  No.  1.       Report 

Mr  Hardy 

Mr  Pinckney 

Mr  Benson 

Mr  Williamsim 

Mr  Howell 


RKPORT  OF  COMMITTEE,  MARCH  J*  1785  3/1 

On  Memorial  Mr  Carhoneaux  respcctg.  settlers  on   tUtcois  De- 
livered Feby.  15.  1785       Entd.    Rtiid. 
F^  ai  Referred  to  Mr  R  R  Livingston 

Mr  McHenry 

Mr  Howell 

Mr  Read 

Mr  Monroe 
Passed  Congress.* 


Report  or  CoMunrEE  of  CoNCitESS  on  Powers  op  Couuissiokërs 
TO  BE  Appointed,  March  14, 1785. 

[C.  C.  Pp..  m..  Kaskaskia  and  Ky.,  xxx.,  483.— A.  D.  S] 
The  Com:   to  whom  wçrc  rcfd.  the  petition  of  the  Inhabilanla  of 
the  Kaskaskies  and  it3  vicinity  and  the  papers  relative  thereto 

Report. 
That  the  Comrs.  to  be  appointed  by  Congress  agréable  to  their  rewlu- 
tion  of  the  — —  of  Feby  last,  be  invested  wiih  full  power  to  Examine 
into  the  titles  and  possessions  of  those  inhabitants  of  the  country  whose 
rights  were  designed  to  be  saved  by  the  treaty  entered  into  with  them 
by  GenL  Clarke.  To  judge  of  them  upon  the  best  evidence  which  he 
can  collect,  and  to  be  governed  therein  by  the  laws  and  customs  which 
have  heretofore  prevailed  among  them.  Always  inclining  to  support 
anticnt  possessions  against  recent  claims. 

That  he  cause  to  be  surveyed  cwry  tract  of  land  so  claimed  or  pos- 
sessed, a  record  of  which  survey  shall  be  kept  in  the  office  of  the  clerk 
or  register  to  be  appointed  for  that  purpose,  which  shall  be  satis/aclory 
evidence  of  title,  unless  an  appeal  is  lodged  within  four  months  from 
the  time  of  making  such  record;  in  which  ca.se  such  appeal  shall  be 
tried  by  Courts  to  be  instituted  on  the  future  organization  of  the  govern- 
ment of  that  countr)*. 

That  he  adjust  interferring  claims  among  the  settlers,  subsequent 
to  the  date  of  the  aforesaid  capitulation,  in  such  mode  as  he  conceives 
most  equitable;  that  he  assign  Lands  as  well  to  those  as  to  others 
who  shall  migrate  thither;  provided  that  no  Lands  be  assigned  to  any 
other  than  to  settlers,  and  not  more  than  [filank]  acres  to  each  family  ; 
and  that  the  persons  occupying  such  Lands,  agree  to  pay  therefor  such 

>  Written  un  tiaridi,  AlllKM(h  thk  raolatka  fut,  it  w>i  out  rncuisd.  See  fott,  p.  g)f, 
•bo  n*  p.  41s;  /MffMb  oj  Cmgrru.  tr^  *n.  *n- 


sn 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTÎOîîS 


consideration  as  Congress  may  direct,  when  the  federal  land  office 
shall  be  opened  in  siith  state  —  That  he  mark  out  con%"cnîcnt  districts, 
and  summon  tbe  inhabitants  of  each  to  elect  three  or  more  ma^trates, 
who  shall  be  invested  with  power  and  authority  to  hear  and  determine 
all  civil  Controversies  not  relative  to  the  property  in  lands,  agreeably 
to  the  laws,  usages  and  customs  that  prevail  m  such  districts.  That 
the  Commisnoner  with  not  less  than  three  of  the  said  magistrates,  the 
whole  Ixiog  summoned  and  having  a  right  to  attend,  be  a  court  of 
criminal  jurisdiction  ;  provided  that  the  punishment  to  be  adjudged 
by  the  said  Cpurt,  shall  in  no  case  extend  to  the  toss  of  life,  limb  or 
member,  except  where  such  punishment  might  legally  have  \Mxn 
inflicted  by  the  laws  that  heretofore  prcvaild  in  the  late  Colony  and 
now  State  of  Virginia;  and  provided  also,  that  at  least  three  fourths 
of  the  mapstratcs  and  the  said  Commissioner  concur  in  the  sentence. 

That  the  Commissioners  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  tbe  above 
magistrates,  appoint  excculi%x  oflkers  in  the  respective  districts  to 
carry  their  decrees  into  execution. 

That  he  explain  to  the  Jnhaliilants  of  the  said  district,  in  such 
resolutions  and  pnKx-iiiings  ol  the  Unitwi  States  in  Congress,  as  respect 
tht  same,  and  ctitk-avour  to  form  their  habit  for  the  reception  of  a  free 
rcpuljliian  government. 

That  he  pn.'scrvc  peace  with  the  Indian  nations,  not  permitting  any 
settlement  upon  iheir  Lands,  untill  a  previous  purchase  has  been  made 
from  them  with  all  due  solemnity. 

That  he  arrange,  offia-r,  and  command  the  militia  of  the  district, 
taking  such  posts  as  may  lie  necessary  for  their  protection  and  security. 
That  he  make  early  and  accurate  returns  to  Congress,  of  the  nature, 
advantages  and  disadvantages  of  the  Country,  the  number  of  its  inhab- 
itants, iheir  military  force,  Iheir  customs  and  ihcir  disfKisi lions  with 
respect  to  the  United  Slates  —  their  wealth,  agriculture  and  Com- 
merce —  That  he  extend  his  inquiries  lo  the  settlements  in  his  vicinity 
on  the  western  side  of  the  Missisipi,—  and  make  returns  to  Congress 
of  the  result  thereof,  rcLitive  to  all  the  objects  above  mentioned. 

That  prerious  to  his  entering  upon  Office,  he  take  and  subscribe  an 
oath  of  fidelity  to  the  United  States  and  for  tbe  true  and  faithful  dis- 
charge of  the  above  powcm,  before  the  commanding  Officer  at  fort  Pitt, 
who  is  empowered  to  administer  the  same,  and  directed  to  transmit  a 
copy  thereof  to  the  Secretary  of  Congress. 


CRU/.'^T  TO  DE  MONBREUN,  SEPTEMBER  8,  1785        373 

That  he  continue  in  office  thre«  years  unless  sooner  discharged  by 
Congress 

That  a  Secretary  who  shall  act  as  register  of  the  said  district  be 
appointed  by  Congress  to  attend  the  said  Commissioner  and  discharge 
the  duties  above  assigned  to  the  register.  That  he  continue  in  Office 
three  years  unless  sooner  recalled  by  Congress. 

That  the  yearly  Salary  of  the  said  Commissioner  be  [Wdmt]  dollars 
including  his  ejcjienccs  — 

That  the  yearly  Salary  of  the  Secretary  including  his  cxpences  be 
[blank]  dollars 

That  the  Secretary  in  the  war  office  furnish  the  said  Commissioner 
with  35  Men  out  of  those  already  inlisted  and  thai  the  Comr.  endeavour 
to  engage  ihem  to  rcenlist  for  the  term  of  two  years  — 
[Endor:ied:]    No.   a. 

Report  of    Mr  R  R  Livingston 
Mr  McHenry 
Mr  Howell 
Mr  Read 
Mr  Monroe 

On  powers  of  Com.  in  be  sent  to  Kaskaskics.' 

Entd.  read  14  March  1785  Thursday  March  assigned  for  Cong 


Francisco  Crumt  to  Timothé  de  Monbreun,  September  8, 1785. 

[Va.  Sliilc  Library.—  Copy.^ 
MONSIECK, 

L'ialèret  que  je  prends  il  {avantage  général  de  tout  le  pays  des 
lilinois,  me  fait  [Mi>.  iUegibU]  toutes  les  précau&sions  possibles,  pour 
éviter  autant  qu'il  dépendra  de  moi,  qu'a  l'avenir  nos  Coramerçens 
voyageurs  ne  reçoivent  aucune  insulte,  ou  contrecoup  malheureux  par 


Sib: 


[Translalùm.] 


The  interest  1  have  in  the  general  welfare  of  all  the  country  of  the 
Illinois,  causes  me  [to  take]  all  possible  precautions  to  avoid,  as  far  as 
il  de|>ends  on  me,  that  in  the  future,  our  traveling  merchants  receive  in- 
sults or  unlucky  atiacks  from  the  rebels  and  pirates  who  infest  the  MissJs- 

■Thh  itpon  ilM  Dol  mull  in  KndioH  a  oiinniiawacr. 

■  Tkâ  oopi  ma  induttcd  ia  Dt  Mnubwui'*  mcmorikl,  MW,  p.  i jf. 


374  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

les  rtbcts,  et  Pirates  qui  infectent  le  mississippi  comme  cela  est  arrivé 
ci  devant,  faute  de  dessendrc,  ou  de  monter  en  convoy,  en  consequence 
j'cspere  que  vous  voudrez  bien  faire  publier  &ur  votre  Partie  L'avis  ci 
Joint  que  je  donne  au  Public,  a  iin  que  les  sujets  amerîquaincs  de  vo|^| 
rive,  puissent  profiter  pour  déssendre  avec  Surete  ce  fleuve,  de  la  mttaP 
avantage  d'être  Scoltés,  dont  jouissent  ceux  de  mon  gouvemment 

j'ai  l'honneur  d'être  avec  toute  consideration  monsieur 

Votre  trts  bumble  et  très  obeiss*  serv. 

Framto  Crdzat 

a  St.  Louis  des  Illinois  et  S  Septembre  17S5 

A  monsieur  de  mnnbreun 

[TraHslation.] 
rippi  as  has  happened  heretofore,  because  tbey  did  not  go  down  or 
up  with  a  convoy.  Therefore  1  hope  you  will  consent  lo  publish  on  your 
aide  of  the  river  the  enclosed  notice  which  I  am  making  public,  in  order 
that  the  American  subjects  of  your  bank  may  take  advantage  of  the 
opportunity  to  go  down  the  river  under  protection  and  escort  in  the 
same  manner  as  those  under  my  government. 
I  have  the  honor  to  l>e  with  all  consideration, 

Sir,  your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

Franco  Cbuzat. 
At  St.  I-ouis  of  the  Illinois,  September  S,  1785. 
To  M.  de  Monbreun. 


TIMOTHÉ   DE   MONBRELTN     lo    THE     GOVERMOK    AT     NeW     OeLEANS, 

October  u,  1785.  J 

[Va-  Stale  Library. —  Attested  Tninalaiion.']  " 

Letter  or  Timothy  de  Monbreun  to  the  Govebnob  of  New  Oh- 

LEANS,  Oct.  II,  1785. 
To  Hb  Excellency  the  Governor  of  New  Orleans, 
Sir, 

The  good  Understanding  and  Harmony  that  prevailed  till  now  be- 
twixt both  Sides  of  the  River  of  Illinois  ha%'ing  t)ccn  interrupted  by  Mr 
Cruzat  The  Commander  of  St  Louis  it  is  a  Duty  incumbent  on  me  as 


Bw  Oh- 


■  EndoMd  In  McntoiUI  ct  Dt  Monbram.  «Mr,  p.  jii.     Ttir  HwiatatkM  wu  toa^  bj  SHiihia 
dn  Pooeau,  oourr  puUk  in  Phitadripltia,NaKnibcr  ij,  ini*. 


DODGE  TO  CL.\RK,  OCTOBER  18,  178$ 


375 


Governor  for  ihc  United  Sutcs  my  Masters  to  present  you  my  just 
Representations  on  Account  of  both  Those  Dcscrtors  of  The  garrison 
of  The  above  named  Gentleman  who  repaired  to  This  Side  of  The 
River  belonging  to  The  United  Stales  as  The  aforesaid  Commander, 
in  contempt  of  the  I^ws  as  well  as  The  Harmony  subsisting  between 
both  governments  had  both  The  said  Dcscrtors  seized  on  The  Terrilor}' 
of  The  United  States,  where  They  ought  to  have  been  in  perfect  Security 
as  in  an  inviolable  Asylum.  I  must  observe  what  Mr  Cntzat  ought 
not  to  have  been  ignorant  of,  That  cwry  Sovereign  Thinks  it  his  Duty 
to  grant  his  Protection  to  all  Dcsertors  even  to  many  other  Subjects 
who  bave  deserved  Punishment  in  Their  own  Country,  it  being  an 
Attribute  of  Their  Power  &  Sovereignty,  which  They  are  extremely 
jealous  of,  and  he  neglects  nay  I  Dare  Say  insults  The  mutual  Harmony 
who  attempts  to  violate  that  Protection  which  They  grant  in  Their 
Dominions  to  Those  who  come  There  to  seek  an  .\sylum.  Pursuadcd 
that  you  arc  better  acquainted  Than  myself  with  The  Consequences  of 
such  Procedures  I  thought  it  incumbent  upon  me  to  lay  my  just  com- 
plaints before  you,  claiming  at  The  same  time  Those  same  Dcscrtors, 
That  I  may  not  incur  any  Reprehension  from  The  United  States  my 
Masters  and  That  The  good  Understanding  may  be  continued  which 
has  subsisted  between  both  sides  of  The  River  till  the  present  Period. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  Respect  etc  Sir 

Tmothê  de  Moktbreun 
at  Caskasia  The  la  Octbre  1785 


JOBH  Doooz  to  WnxiAM  Clabk,  October  18,  1785. 

[Dmpci  MSS..  iMt3&-i»7.— jV.  L.  S.] 

Kaskaskias  18  October  1765 
Deab  Sie, 

This  makes  Several  Letters  wTOlc  you  without  the  Pleasure  of  any  of 
Yours  wluL-h  mode  me  think  that  You  had  left  the  Contry  But  By  Chance 
heard  that  You  wasSiiUon  the  Land  of  the  Liveing  all  though  have  noth- 
ing Protickcler  to  trouble  You  with.  I  Dare  Say  that  You  have  heard 
of  the  Create  fresh  all  the  Hole  Contry  Drowned  No.  of  Houses  Carried 
into  the  Missispia  and  to  Complcal  the  misery  of  the  Inhabitants  has 
Ben  a  Create  Drouth  So  that  what  was  not  Kihl  with  water  —  is  with  fire 
None  But  My  Self  who  has  Setled  on  the  opcsite  Side  of  the  River  &  have 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

OIK  of  the  finest  Scats  in  the  Contry  and  morr  «-heat  than  the  Hulc  Beside. 
I  bear  that  you  have  M'  Geroults  affairs  in  your  Hands  and  as  I  have 
Considerable  Demands  against  htm  as  well  as  Pcrault  would  take  it  as 
a  Protjckcler  favour  if  Vou  would  Let  Me  Know  whcathcr  it  will  Be 
Possible  for  mc  to  Recover  any  thing  from  them  in  that  Quarter  Pray 
Let  me  Know. 

if  thare  is  anything  that  I  can  Serve  you  in  have  only  to  Command  me 
Pray  ]>t  me  Know  if  M'  Carney  is  in  that  Quarter  or  wharc  the  Littile 
Heron  is.  I  am  yours  to  Serve  John*  Dodge. 

[A(Urfss€d:]  M'W™  Clark' 

By  M'  Biggs  Falls  Ohio 


Jobs  Edgab  to  Georce  R.  Clabk,  November  ;,  17S5. 
[C.  C  Pp..  lodUn  ASxire,  Wl,  387.] 

No.  I. 

Deak  Oekekal, 

I  have  wrote  you  maney  ktters  ancc  in  the  Tllonies  Country  but  never 
have  had  the  pleasure  of  one  from  You  as  Nothing  «ould  give  me  more 
pleasure  then  a  few  lines  from  your  on  hand  as  Should  Expect  the  News 
of  the  Callines  as  you  hare  Ijeen  so  latc[c]ly  there,  there  is  Now  News  in 
our  Country  only  the  Commandant  of  St  Louis  is  afcard  of  .\u  Attack 
from  the  Roilests  at  Michomuknea  as  he  has  given  orders  for  all  Cbe 
people  in  that  place  to  be  in  Redness  when  called  on  with  their  Armes, 
the  Indians  is  Very  tniblesom  on  the  Rivers  and  declares  an  Open  Wore 
with  the  Americans,  which  I  am  Sure  Is  nothing  I..esont  IPtcosant]  by  the 
Advies  of  our  Nebours  the  french  in  this  place  and  the  people  from 
Micholmicknia  which  Openly  Says  the  wii\  Aposs  All  the  Americans 
that  comes  in  to  this  Country  for  my  post  it  is  impossoble  to  live  here  if 
we  have  nut  raglucr  Justice  very  Soon  the  arc  worse  then  the  Indians 
and  ought  to  be  ruled  by  a  rod  of  Iron, 

Mrs  Edgar  Semis  her  Kind  Complements  to  General  Clark  and 
rests  Sir  your  Sinc(e]re  friend 

Kaska-skics  7th.  No»t.  85.  Jno  Edgar' 

George  Rogers  Clark  Esqr. 

1  i^a  oouklA,  Bot  the  tvothcr.  cd  Gcorit  R.  0*rk.    Oe  «u  a  member  of  thf  UIîdcu  rtpmian  «ad 

renMincd  JD  mniUuyirrvIcr  ualll  17A4.  Hr  llirnlMomv,  cmunLMlmtrr  tor  tUeDWamt  fini,  tt<iHMIj 
at  t\u  bMrd, uid  iirintiiMl  raritym  uniil  iiis  death  in  iT*t.  Thirutcs.  R.  G..  L}itaiti'V*  Liii  if 
UamiÊjtrift  CalitUim  1  «j  Jm  Slal»  Biilvrual  Sivifly  of  Wimmtm,  1 5 . 

'  jQlnE4|trc>au  toKAïkïikbia  i;Bjat]dltDmilui|{mebtGV)>ipraailnmiltiallundat<lcla0. 
ffli  ifmpBllilM  won,  na  the  «haJc  t»  kivr  ixm  for  ilit  Frioch  in  «■■(•«[  the  urvcrr  ^udKinmi  abovr. 


Sm  fta,  p.  «M-    For  a  life  vt  Ed»r,  nc  TrM»atni4  of  111.  Hbt. 


Hy,  looTt  p.  64. 


i. 


CRIJZAT  TO  CREILLEY  APTO  DUPUIS,  FKBRUARY  18,  1786      377 

The  aforegoing  letter  was  received  at  the  Miami  and  ordered  to  be 
entered. 

forwarcd  by  Sir  Yr.  mo.  Obcdt.  Senrt. 

E.  J.  DOKNF. 

\E/uiorted:]    From  Mr.  Kdgar  ut  Kaskaskies  to  General  Clark 

Pu  b  III- 
mentioning  the  state  of  afiairs  in  the  di.<itrict  of  Kaskaskies  etca 
No.  r.  enclosed  in  the  report  of  the  commissr».  of  19.  June  t786 
[Addressed:]    George  Rogers  Gark  Esquire 

Falls  Ohio. 


Francisco  Criizat  to  John  Baptiste  Crbilley  and  Josfph  Dupuis, 

Fc!)ruary  18,  1786. 
[K.  HSS.—  A.  L.  S.] 

St.  Louis  le  18  Février  1786 
MM  Jn  Bapte  Crcly  ct  Joseph  Dupuis  aux  Kaskaskiaa 
Messu:urs, 

Quelque  bonne  Envie  que  j'aie  d'entretenir  une  bonne  harmonie 
entre  Votre  rive  et  cette-cy  et  de  rendre  toute  la  Justice  possible  a  ceux 
qui  réclament  ;  Je  ne  puix  néanmoins  annultcr,  comme  Vous  le  d<!sires, 
la  Vente  que  M' N**  Lachanse  a  fait  a  M.  Paient  ou  Bolduc  d'un  Nègre 
que  Vous  dîttes  Vous  appartenir  tant  parceque  Le  dit  Sieur  Lachanjic 
m'a  présente  des  pieces  qui  l'autorisent  a  cela  que  parcequ'il  a  Sur 
Votre  Partie  des  biens  Suffisants  pour  y  repondre  cl  que  Vous  avés  lou- 

[Tramlation.] 

St.  Louis.  FebruaT)*  18,  1 786. 
MM.  Jean  Baptiste  Creilleyand  Joseph  Dupuis,  at  KaskaskJa. 
Gentlemen  : 

However  great  the  wish  I  may  ba%'e  to  maintain  harmony  between 
your  bank  and  this  one  and  to  render  all  justice  possible  to  those  whf»  ask 
for  it  ;  still  I  am  not  able  to  annul,  as  you  desire,  the  sole  which  M.  N*^ 
Lachanse  made  to  M.  Parent  or  Bolduc  of  a  negro  whom  you  say  belongs 
to  you,  not  only  Wcause  the  said  M.  Lachanse  has  shown  me  documents 
which  authorize  him  in  this  but  alst^  because  he  has  in  yuur  section  suffi- 
cient possessions  to  answer  thereto,  and  because  you  have  always  means 
of  redress  against  him.    When  your  court  of  jiistice  is  re-established  you 


378 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


jours  Votre  recours  Sur  lui  ;  une  fois  Votre  justiw  rétabli  Vous  pourrés 
redamer  conformément  aux  Pretentions  que  Vous  pouvés  avoir, 
Je  SuU  tr<5â  ['itrfaitcracDt 

Messieurs  Votre  très  humble  et  obt.  Servit"" 

FftANCO  Croiat 
Eorigistré  au  greffe  au  folio  12  en  kaskasklas  ce  2"  may  1788. 

P  Lanclois  greffier  de  Comté 
délivré  Cvpw  a  Mr.  Edgar  le  3*  may  1788. 

P  Laxglois  greffier  de  Comté 
[WrUttn  on  back:] 

Le  Sieur  Lacbance  Est  ahve  le  19  Et  3  a  fait  remetre  Latire[  ?j  du  Le 
y  Dupuis  par  M'  Janis  Le  33  fe^Tié  ;  Le  S' janis  La  remis  a  M'  Lang- 
lois  disant  que  M*  Lanche  [ïiV]  luy  avez  donné  pour  La  remettre  a  Lang- 
lois,  et  la  fair  tenirc  a  M*"  dupuîs.     1786 
\Addressed:\    A  Messieurs  J"  B**  Crely  et  J**  Dupui» 

\TransUUion.\ 
will  be  able  tu  make  your  tJaim  according  to  the  pretention  you  may 

faave. 

1  am,  very  respectfully,  gentlemen, 

Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 
P'ranco  Cruzat. 
Registered  at  the  Clerk's  Office  at  Kaakaskia,  folio  12. 
May  2,  1788. 

P.  Langlois,  Clerk  of  the  County. 
Delivered  copy  to  M.  Edgar  the  third  of  May,  178S. 

P.  Lakglois,  Clerk  of  the  County. 
{Written  on  back:} 

M.  Lachaose  arrived  the  nineteenth  and  caused  to  be  delivered  the 
letter  from  M.  Dupuis,  by  M.  Janis,  the  22d  of  February.    M.  Janis  gave 
it  to  M.  Langlois,  saying  that  M.  La.chan5e  had  given  it  to  him  to  give 
to  Langlois,  and  to  have  it  held  for  M.  Dupuis. 
[Addressed-^    To  M.  Jean  Bte.  Creilley  and  Joseph  Dupuis. 


CHOUTEAU  TO   BAUGY,  MARCH  u.  lySfi  379 

AuocsTE  CHO0TEAO  to  M.  Badcv,  March  12,  1786. 
[K.  MSS.—  A.  L.  S.] 

St  Louis  13  Mars  1786 
A  M'  Bougie  aux  Caskaquias 
Monsieur  Et  Ami, 

n'ayant  pu  recevoir  au  poste  aucune  pelleterie,  et  d<*3iraTit  descendre 
tout  de  Suiile  je  ne  Vouderais  pas  aitcndrc  les  paqucis  du  missouri. 
C'est  pourquoi  Si  Vous,  et  Eeâ  Parens  des  miaeurs  plassie  Vcullent  me 
donner  a  intérêt  les  paquets  qui  Sont  entre  Vos  mains  a  rendre  en  nature 
dans  L'endruiL  ou  ils  Sont  je  m'oblige  de  payer  Dix  Pour  Cent  par  An 
en  même  Espèce,  il  m'est  pas  possible  que  je  m'oblige  a  donner  des 
piastres  Car  il  pourrais  Se  faire  qu'il  n'y  en  aurai  pas  de  Si  tôt  dans  la 
Colonie. 

il  n'y  aurait  rien  d'Extraordinaire  V13  Tétate  actuel  de  Largent  que 
Vous  Pussiez  dans  le  Cas  de  les  vendre  en  ville  que  de  20  a  aô  Sols  En 
piastre  gourde.  Vous  avez  vu  Vous  m(!me  L'année  dernière  Ce  dont  il 
est  Cas.  et  Si  il  en  est  de  m£me  cette  aimée  ici  je  tiens  que  outre  Les 
Risques  de  Lomonté  et  de  la  descente  que  cela  Sera  une  perle  reel  pour 
ces  mineurs,  ne  Croyais  pas  que  cela  Sois  L'envis  que  j'ai  de  ces  paquets 

[Transiaiion.] 

St.  Louis,  March  13,  1786. 
To  M.  Baugy.  at  Kaskaskia. 
S»  AND  Fkien»; 

Since  I  bave  nol  been  able  to  collect  any  peltries  at  the  Post  and  am 
desirous  to  go  down  at  once,  I  do  not  want  to  wait  for  the  bundles  from 
Missouri.  Therefore,  if  you  and  the  rclatix-cs  of  the  minors  Ptasy  wish 
to  give  me  at  interest  the  bundles  which  arc  in  your  hands,  to  be  dcHv- 
ered  as  ihey  are  and  în  ihc  place  they  arc,  I  agree  to  pay  Icn  [«r  cent 
annually  (n  the  same  species.  It  is  not  possible  for  mc  to  agree  to  ])ay 
piastres,  for  it  may  happen  that  there  will  not  be  any  as  soon  as  that  in 
the  colony. 

It  would  be  nothing  extraordinary,  considering  the  present  state  of 
money,  for  you  to  [obtain],  in  case  you  sold  them  in  town,  only  from  20 
to  16  sols  in  a  piastre  gourde.  You  have  yourself  seen,  last  year,  what 
the  case  was;  and  if  It  is  the  same  this  year,  I  maintain  that  aside  from 
the  risks  of  going  up  and  down,  that  vrill  Ik  a  real  loss  for  the  minora. 
Do  not  believe  that  it  is  my  desire  to  have  (he  bundles  which  makes  me 


i8o  ILLINOIS  HlS^rORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

qui  mc  tc  fais  dire  ceci  Vousenpouvrz  juger  Comme  moi  les  choses  Vous 
Aknt  aussi  Connus. 

par  la  premiere  occassion  faites  ra<H  je  Vous  prie  réponse  du  oui, 
«u  de  non. 

SI  its  acceptent  je  mc  melterais  en  route  dans  le  momant  môme,  Si 
ils  ne  le  vculleni  pas,  j'atlenderais  un  Cayeux  du  village  des  Uissouris 
qui  ne  doit  t^rdé  a  paraitFC. 

arrcngez  toujours  Vos  affaires,  et  tachez  de  m'cngager  4  Bons  hom- 
mes encore.  Mes  Respects  a  Madame  Voire  Epouse  a  qui  je  Souhaite 
une  Bonne  Santé  ainsi  qu*a  toute  Votre  jwtite  famille. 

j'ai  L'honneur  d'Etre  avec  Consideration 

Monsieur  Votre  très  humble  et  très  obéissant  Serviteur 

Aug  Chouteao 
[Addressed:]    A  Monsieur  Bogie  hab*  aux  Caskasltias 

I  Tramlaiion.] 
say  this.     Vou  can  judge  affairs  as  well  as  I,  since  they  are  also  known 
to  you.' 

I  pray  you  will  answer  by  the  first  opportunity,  yes  or  no. 
If  they  accept,  t  should  set  out  immedialcly.     If  they  are  unwilling, 
I  should  await  a  boat  from  the  village  of  the  Missouris,  which  should 
come  soon. 

Settle  your  affairs  and  tr)'  lo  engage  for  me  four  more  good  men. 
My  rcspecis  to  your  wife,  for  whom  I  wish  good  health  as  well  as  for 
all  your  liillc  family. 

I  hare  the  bonor  lo  be,  with  consideration,  sir, 

Your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant. 

Aug.  Chouteau. 
Addressed:]    To  M.  Baugy,  inhabitant  at  Kaskaskia. 

I  Tkc  rnraninit  rA  Ihc  wbok  pingraph  [i  vtrir  lUtSnih  lo  itiakr  ooi.  TW«  b  tridan.  howetvr. 
ChoulMU  maiiiiaia<  UiU  ut  UBDnd  Itn  [wr  ccnl  Dald  tn  pdlrtsi  U  Ka4>Al«  will  tw  ■  htUcr  bar- 
gikla  fn  the  hdn  tbut  lo  tiA  (be  daogon  ol  Ihc  journ*;  to  Sew  OrleuM  ana  the  diance  of  Mlttaw 


MKMORL\L  TO  CONGRESS,  JfWÏIÈ"  4,  176^ 


Meuoeial  o;  the  French  Faction  to  Congkess,  June  2,  1786. 

tC.  C.  pp.,  Ill-,  KasUskia,  and  Ky.,  «11,  nj.—  Attcstpd  Copy.] 
Je  sertiûe  le  présente  Extrait  est  Conforme  a  L'enregistrement  remie 
&  M""  Joseph  Parker,  que  nous  Espèrent  qu'U  Vous  remettera  aux  Kas- 
KasKias  le  29.  May.  1786. 
Enregistré  folio,  4. 

P"^  Langloi!; 

Notaire  et  Greffier 
KasKasKias  Comttf  des  illinois 
ce  deuxième  jour  du  mois  de  juin.    L'an  de  grace  Mil  aept  cent  quatre- 
vingt  si». 

Nous  Les  soussignées  prî  Le  Congrues  de  prendre  atention  du  pays 
des  illinois  a  Etablire  Le  Gouvemcmenl  immcdiatlcment  pour  La  pro- 
tection et  defence  des  habitants  de  leurs  propetd  nous  Consideronts  La 
fertilité  de  la  Contrée,  d'une  gnrnde  avantage  d^riv^  pour  1.^;  Commerce 
grand  emigration  pour  Lavantagc  de  la  Contrée.  Noas  panson  que  ce 
nest  pas  une  petit  objet  pour  Le  Congrès.  Cest  pourquoy  nous  prions 
pour  un  sistemc  de  gouvernement  nous  pmtegcr  et  apuier  nos  personnes 
£c  soutenir  nôtres  Droiture  pas  toutafait  pour  Les  sauvages  —  plutôt 

\Tramlati<m.] 
I  certify  that  the  present  extract  agrees  with  that  which  was  registered 
and  sent  to  M.  Joseph  Parker,'  which  we  hope  he  will  send  to  you. 
At  Kaskaskia,  May  29,  1786. 
Registered  in  folio  4. 

Pl£RBE  LaNGLOB, 

Notary  and  clerk. 

Kaskaskia,  County  of  the  Illinois,  this  second  day  of  June,  of  the 
year  of  our  Lord,  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty-six. 

We,  the  undersigned,  pray  Congress  to  take  notice  ol  the  country  of 
the  Illinois  and  to  establish  immediately  the  goTCmment  for  the  protec- 
tion and  defence  of  the  inhabitants  and  their  property;  for  we  believe 
[that]  the  fertility  of  the  land  and  the  great  advantage  to  be  derived 
by  commerce  [wilt  attract]  a  great  immigration  to  the  advantage  of  the 
country.  We  think  that  this  is  not  a  small  object  for  Congre.ss.  It  is 
for  this  rea.son  that  we  pray  for  a  .system  of  government  to  protect  us,  to 
strengthen  our  hands,  and  to  maintain  our  rights,  not  only  against  the 

>  Sec  fitit,  p.  ara. 


38» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAI-  COLLECTIONS 


pour  Michilimidina,  et  iuk  Compagnies  de  sujet  de  la  grand  Bretagne 
qui  ce  aons  Kini>arer  du  Commerce  des  bons  sujet  des  Etats,  dont  Us-oDts 
Etablie  une  traite  au  Kah/tktas  un  vi]laj{e  prés  de  noua  qui  causes  un  tors 
grand  et  prejiidire,  au  bons  Sujets  des  Etats  —  Et  0s  ont  détruit 
Letablissement  de  loi  que  Los  habitant  avoît  fait  Eotreux.  Nous 
aoufTront  une  grande  perde  pour  Le  recouvrement  de  nos  juste  depts 

Cest  pourquoy  nous  prions  le  Congrès  encore  une  foy  de  point  nous 
enbandoné  plus  Ixingtcms,  de  nous  anvoyé  et  nous  octroyé  Les  lois  sans 
délais  ;  (Et  Ixs  sujet  de  la  grande  Bretagne  rH>us  menace  de  nous  pcendrc 
sous  Leurs  Loix.)  ^  ausy  quelque  gens  soutenant  T^s  Sujet  de  la  gnode 
Bretagne,  oc  sont  Eriger  En  Commandant  jusquau  point  de  prendre  des 
sujet  des  Etats,  Et  Les  transporte  smc  La  rive  Espagnol,  et  Les  onts 
fait  Enprisonné,  au  Mépris  de  Letablissement  du  gouvernement  des 
Etats,  qui  sont  Les  Sieurs  nicolas  lacbanse  et  john  dodge,  qui  ce  sont 
Eriger  En  Commandant. 

P"**  LANGtOIS 

Notaire  Et  greffiere 

[  Transtatùm.] 
Indians  but  rather  against  Michillîmakinac  and  a  company  of  the  sub- 
jects of  Gruat  Britain  who  are  getting  posses&ion  of  the  commerce  from 
the  good  subjects  of  the  states.  They  have  established  al  Caitokia,  a 
village  near  us,  a  IracUng  post  which  causes  great  barm  and  detriment  to 
the  guod  subjects  of  the  stales.'  They  have  destroyed  tlie  establishment 
of  the  law  which  the  inhabitants  had  made  among  ihemâclvcs.*  We  suffer 
a  great  loss  in  the  recovery  of  our  just  debts. 

We,  therefore,  again  pray  Congress  not  to  abandon  us  any  longer; 
but  to  send  and  grant  us  laws  without  delay,  for  the  subjects  of  Great 
Britain  threaten  to  take  us  under  thtir  laws,  Likewiiie  a  few  persons 
upholding  the  subjects  of  Great  Britain  have  installed  themselves  as 
commanders  to  such  a  point  as  to  take  subjects  of  the  states  and  trans- 
[wrt  them  to  the  Spanish  shore  and  have  them  imprisoned,  to  the  disgrace 
of  the  establishmen  [  of  the  government  of  the  slates.  The  men  who  hare 
assumed  command  are  MM.  Nicolas  Lachanse  and  John  Dodge. 

Pierre  Langlois, 

Notary  and  clerfc. 

■  Stcactioe  of  ibe  Cowl  of  GtbokU  oocnninc  \b».  111.  Hiit.  CaOttiimt.  il.  jtï. 
,      *Thh  protMbly  rHrrt  lo  iht  airrtm-mt  anumg  th»  inlMbilsoti  not  to  indc  Is  Ibiuor  wtih  Uie 


\ 


k 


CERRE'S    TESTIMONY,  JULY.  1786 


383 


[EndûTsed:]    No.  10.    Petidon  in  frencb  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskies 
Read  Augt  ?3d  1786 
Rcfenwi  to  Mr  ifonroe 

Mr  Johnson 

^C^  King 

Mr  Pinckney 

Mr  Smith 
Translation  enclosed 


Gasjuel  Ceb&é's  Testiuonv  Conc£bkino  Iuonois,  Given  Before 
CoKcBESS,  July,  1786.* 

[C.  C.  Pp  ,  III.,  KasluLikia  à  Ky.,  xlviij.,  49. — Translation.] 

Mr.  Cerr^  will  answer  the  following  inquiries: 

I.  Were  the  ^leople  of  the  Illinois  heretofore  governed  by  the  laws 
of  Canada,  or  by  usages  and  customs  of  their  own,  or  partly  by  une  and 
partly  by  the  other? 

3.  By  what  tribunals  or  judges  was  criminal  or  civil  justice  hercto> 
fore  administered  in  that  district  i* 

3.  By  what  laws  or  usages  and  by  what  judges  Is  criminal  and  civil 
justice  dispensed  at  this  time  f 

4.  In  what  uiodu  and  in  what  quantities  were  grants  of  land  hereto- 
fore made  to  îndi%'idual  settlers? 

5.  To  what  extent  is  the  whole  district  appropriated  by  grants  ? 

6.  To  what  extent  is  the  tract  or  tracts  granted  to  the  settlers  in  com- 
mon for  religious  or  other  uses? 

7.  What  is  the  computed  number  of  inhabitants  in  the  whole  Illinois 
district,  and  what  proportion  of  them  w«re  slaves? 

\Endivsed:]    Queries  put  to  Mr.  Cerré  witli  his  answers  relative  to  the 
setdcrs  in  the  Illinois. 
Answers  — 
10  Query 

1st.  The  people  of  the  Illinois  were  governed  before  the  Conquest 
of  Canada  by  the  same  laws  as  the  people  of  Canada  which  were  of  the 
same  nature  with  those  of  old  France,  adapted  t<j  the  particular  circum- 
stances of  the  country  —  They  had  local  cu.stoms  which  were  equally 
binding  as  the  laws  —  After  the  conquest  the  British  Commandants 

>TUidac<im«niwiiputJiili«Iby  Hem.  Wilier  B.  IVouojuia  Mûaourl  Hat.Soôety'tCoatriéau, 
Afril.  igo],  and  rcprlaied  Ik  Trattuaimi  ol  lU.  Saic  Htot.  SodciT.  140),  p.  i;<i. 


A  OXIXOtS   aXSTOftlCAL  COLLECTION'S 

wot  Ot9  Jnâffs  who  '  gi)«m>Ml  by  the  same  Uws  ind  customs  as  the 
pea|4e  fiwd  under  bdore  the  cooqtjest  o(  Cuuda  —  All  public  Imu-  : 
mcàoma  and  nconb  beîaig  itconkd  !b  Fmkch  bjr  Nooiies  public  — 
Onltn  îmatd  m  Eagibh  «cne  taadued  into  French  for  the  ittfbrmatioa 
of  the  oMmtrT.  —  Oiniftftl  caies  weir  referred  to  EngUitd. 

3d.     In  drfl  caan  Befcicv  the  cooqueal  of  Canada  there  was  aa  ' 
AUanty  (kmni  (Prociaear  du  Roi)  who  gawe  senlenoe  in  all  caaes] 
that  utre  bnxigbc  bcioR  faitn  bj  hb  own  personal  de[c^oa  in  trilling  | 
matSeta  but  b  c&ars  of  impottaDce  tt  ms  customary  for  each  party  to  ' 
name  two  u-biir^un  the  Attorney  Geo),  a  &fth  and  he  ratihcd  their  sen- 
tence —  An  appeal  might  be  made  to  New  Orleans  wbcre  there  was  a 
superior  Judicature — calkd (cou&setl  supérieur),  all  criaiiDal cases  were 
rcfenrd  to  and  decided  by  thb  couaaeil  8u(>ericur  at  N.  Orleans. —  Dur- 
ing the  British  fforemment  — The  Commandants  administered  Justice 
as  in  the  first  Article.* 

3d.     In  1779  —  UTwo  Col.  Todd  went  into  ihat  country  ihc  {leople  ' 
chose  six  magistrates  to  gorem  ihem  according  to  the  old  French  laws 
and  customs  which  Manîstraiea  were  emp-iwered  by  Cot  Todd  to  Juc^ 
in  criminal  cases.     A/ter  the  troops  were  withdrawn  the  power  of  the' 
Magistrates  was  annihiluted  and  everything  fell  into  Anarchy  and  confu- 
sion —  ihe  State  of  affairs  at  this  time. 

4tli  Before  the  conquest  of  Canada  the  French  Commandants  had 
llic  power  to  make  grants  and  did  grant  to  every  person  who  petitioned 
as  much  land  as  the  petitiuner  chose  to  ask  foe  on  condition  of  cultivating 
part  of  the  same  within  a  year  —  The  English  followed  the  same  mode.' 
If  the  land  was  not  cultivated  as  above  it  returned  to  the  Kini^  demesnes. 

5.  This  question  is  very  difficult  and  not  in  Mr.  Cemî  power  to 
answer  —  hut  great  quantities  have  been  granted. 

6    A  Large  quantity  of  land  was  reserved  in  the  neighl>ourhood  of 

■  Tho  Inlliiwlnx  wonb  mm  iiHlcn  out;  "ruled  tt  Ihey  ircimdnt  accoHing  to  Ù>e  BriiUi  Uwf 
ud  CoaMituiHiiibuCin  tMt  wfictPtn'MtNUanr.    CriinitiA]  ojca  wen  Klartd  la  Encbad.'' 

*  Ctrt4  aliowi  a  «urpriilnii  Icacnuuc  ol  tho  tdmlnblraliuo  of  ihc  law  In  lUiiioii  durias  Ihc  Ftendi 
ud  Bflibh  ptfM>,  aaiSâemt  thit  kehut  Itnd  In  Kukukfaiilace  i;<f.    Frosi Dccmlb«r,  ij«a.ia 
tunf.iiTo.iliavwastbencborjudniwbaMlnilniMonlBn^luhLaw.    llienalof  the  disc  tbaBdrnW, 
UiratJaa  of  fiullM  wu  dlHmuw^  bul  durtai  the  la«t  yttn  d  Ihe  Biitlah  ptfwd  the  "-— Tlf*ni>4 
reltrrni  dhpulM  to  ■rbiTraian  (Otrttr,  C.  E.,  lltuiaù  uné^  Um  flniùl  JCegimr,  Jnlin  WÎbmv  ■ 
Prit^iWfcMoatebepubllihfd).    Hk  inromuth»  coocaniu  ibe  French  poniid  li  MM  OMncaa 
EHWj wnof.    Tien  wu Id  the dUvict  rd III InoH a refutar  dvOandcHnUiMrfudgeai in crn Praid 
aiHtlct.    AiM^mlaMbeimuleioiheMipcrlorcMuidlal  NewOriMU.    Tb*  eyncn  of  «rblDMkn 
w*a  fraqoendT  uaed  u  In  mr*  Frmeh  coun  of  ihe  nerlod.    Thr  dutls  o{  (he  "ailonuT  ■enenl" 
wwt  nicta  aa  (he  litlc  of  Ihe  ntàte  impllca.    Alnird,  "III.  In  tlic  EicUctnth  Ctaturr."  Bmlmtm  «C  the 
Ul  Slaietllai.Ubran.l.^'o  ■ 

■  Dm  lllt»illr     Unitcnani  Colnncl  folin  wnkiai   wis  Ihe  chief  oScader.    Hb  «ucwwi  were 

Okivlul  liiubc)  the  Écrm*  of  the  IVKlanuliun  ul  I7(>J. 


MORIN  TO   DE  MONBREUN,  JULY  15,  1786 


385 


the  towns  for  commons,  a  very  small  proportion  for  religious  men  anti 
none  for  othor  purposes. 

7.  There  may  be  in  the  Towns  on  the  Mississippi  about  300  White 
Inhabitants  including  American  Settlers  who  may  amount  to  50.' 
There  are  moreover  about  250  Slaves,  so  that  according  to  Mr  Ccmî 
the  population  of  that  part  of  the  Illinois  amounts  to  550.  or  600  souls  but 
he  docs  not  appear  to  be  well  acquainted  with  these  numbers. 

The  foregoing  are  Mr.  Ccrrés  answers  to  the  Questions  ftrom  the  Com- 
mittee of  Congress  referred  for  translation  to 

John  Pintard. 


A.   MoHtM   to  TIMOTHÉ   DE  MoNBREUN,   JuIy   15,    1 786. 
[K.  MSS..— A.  D.S.J 

A  Monsieur  Thimutd  dcmonbrua  Ecuyer  Lieutenant  Gouverneur 
Et  commandant  aux  KasKasKîas,  Partie  Illinois  &c  &c  &:c 
Monsieur, 

Le  Soussigné  a  L'honneur  de  Vous  Expoaer  qu'ayant  fait  des  avances 
a  Monsieur  Le  Major  LcBrun  de  Bclcour,  Par  le  Compte  qu'il  a  L'hon- 
neur de  vous  Exîber,  Et  tomme  il  a  laissé  des  Effets  entre  I>es  Mains  du 
sieur  Pierre  Langlois  Notaire  Public  de  la  Conté  il  vous  Suplîc  dordonncr 
que  Le  d'  Compte  Luy  Soit  acquîté  par  La  succession  de  feu  Monsieur 


\Translaiion.} 

July  15,  1780. 

To  M.  Ttmothédc  Monhreun,  Esquire,  Lieulenant-Govemor  and 
Commandant  at  Kaskaskta,  Illinois  Region,  etc.,  etc. 
Su: 

The  undersigned  has  the  honor  to  make  known  to  you  that  he  made 
advances  to  Major  LeBrun  dU  Bclcour,'  acrording  to  the  account  which 
he  has  the  honor  to  present  to  you  ;  and  as  he  (I^Brun)  left  some  goods 
in  the  hands  of  M.  Pierre  Langlots,  notary  public  of  the  county,  he,  the 
undersigned,  begs  you  to  order  that  the  aforesaid  account  be  paid  to 
him  by  the  heirs  of  the  late  M.  LcBrun  dît  Bclcour.    The  suppliant 

ISwcEnui  primed  ^il,  pp.4H,aaAytJ..il-,6n. 

*L(<wiiiiwiiIb*DncMC*iirr  la  CoruROM,  wnl  (nr  iIid  paifil»  «I  CklioUa  «imI  Kukukb  In  I}ft4. 
HeNukatcdoabbwayon.    5a I U.  flisl.CuUMt-u.H^caiMi  aa>l|M>,p.  tif. 


386  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

LcBnin  dc  Bclcour  I^  supliact  offre  dasennenler  son  d*^  Compte  Par- 
devant  Vous,  Monsieur,  Et  feray  Droit.  A   MoRix 

KasKasKiasLc  15  Guillet  1786. 

Vu  la  nrquettc  Cy  desus  y'I  Ets  ordonne  aux  representan  du  sieur 
LcBrun  de  BcUcCour  Dc  prandre  deus  artbitre  El  L«  dis  sieur  Enloinc 
morin,  en  choiscsirc  Dcu  pour  Dessidcr  Et  donner  Le  Droit  asquillas- 
parGuindra  [i.e.  à  qu'il  appartiendra]  Corne  Le  sieur  Le  Brun  Ets  defun 
Sais  tanquoy'que  nous  surdonon  La  dcfssïsion  De  cette  demande  sy 
par  Cas  quille  soit  iicwserc  dua  surarcBuîlre  les  Dis  sarBuitre  le  cboiss- 
iront.    Donne  aux  Caskaskia  le  15  juîlet  178G.' 

THmorÉ  Deuokbrëun  L.  CD.  [?] 

[Translation.] 
offers  to  swear  to  his  said  account  before  you,  sir;   and  you  will  do 
justice.  A.  MouN, 

K^kaskia,  July  13,  17A6. 

In  view  nf  the  above  [>etition,  it  is  ordered  that  the  representatives 
of  M.  LeBrun  dU  Bclcour  take  two  arbiters  and  the  said  M..  Antoine 
Morin  shall  choose  two  in  order  to  decide  and  to  give  justice  to  whom 
it  may  belong.  Because  M.  I>cBrun  is  deceased  is  the  reason  that  wc 
order  the  decision  on  this  claim.  If  there  is  need  of  a  fifth  arbiter 
the  aforesaid  arbiters  vritt  choose  him. 

Given  at  Kaskaskia,  July  15,  1786. 

Thuioté  De  Monbeeun,  L.  C.  D. 


PRCx:és  Verbal,  August  z,  1786. 
[K.  MSS.— A.  D.  S.J 
L'an  mil  Sept  Cent  quatrevingi  et  sÎK.  Et  le  deuxième  jour  du  mois 
D'aoust  aux  Environs  des  six  heures  Du  matin  a  La  requidisions  du  sr. 

[Tran  flat  ion.] 
In  the  yearone  thousand  seven  hundred  and  cighty-six,  on  the  second 
day  of  the  month  of  August,  about  six  o'clock  in  the  morning,  at  the 

■  Tlic  French  r>(  Ihb  dcon-  it  ihc  muat  lllltmic  viul  «>*  Ihc  mnnC  diScuIr  la  d^ijiber  of  *a/  lo 
ibnjluiDf,    Tb««tfiiiirani6M(uibtuimcine9Bal tbc  tmucripi. 


PROCES  VERBAL.  AUGUST  ».  i;86 


387 


jcac  baptist  rnootuvreuille  Voison  du  dit  sieur  Jacque  fetix  theodorc 
CartuD,  Lequelle  more  requis  De  me  tramporte  à  U  Maison  dudit  siur 
Jacque  felJx  teodore  Carton,  que  le  dît  siur  Loub  Gcrvais  cbamberlang 
ore  averty  qu'il  oré  atendu  tiré  dans  La  [MS.  tarn]  .  .  demeure 
Jacques  felix  teodore  Caxtun  sourdemande  un  Coude  fusît,  ou  pistolet, 
Les  quelles  dencjmé  aurait  ouver  une  fenêtre  du  Cotte  Du  sus  pour  y 
voir  ce  que  c'ettoit  Le  dit  Sieur  montuvreuille  Et  ledit  Germain  [Ger- 
vais]  oté  ouvrer  La  fenêtre  du  nor  tous  deux  auré  Vu  Ledit  Siur  Carton 
tombe  En  bas  dons  sa  maison  une  boucanne  De  poudre  a  feu  qui  rem- 
plisse La  chambre  £t  Le  dit  Carton  mort  Le  Coup  d'un  pistolet  deux 
pistole  a  CoUé  de  luy  un  chaque  Cotte,  Dont  il  ny  a  un  décharge.  Et 
Lautre  non  charge  Et  Le  Coup  de  pistol  dans  le  sain  Goche,  son  Capau 
Servant  d'abis  perse  dudit  et  brullé,  ledit  Jacque  felix  teodore  Carton 
Etant  mort  sure  Le  planché  a  Cotté  de  son  lit.  Et  Le  dît  Sieur  montu- 
reUille  deClaré  que  Catnerine  son  esclave  négresse  Etolt  au  Coing  de  la 
maison  Et  auroit  dit  mon  maître  a  tit^  dstns  la  maison.  Et  Ledit  ger- 
main dcClaré  que  Ladite  ncgrc&sc  ctoit  au  Bout  de  la  maison  el  a 


\Tramlatù>n.] 
requisition  of  M.  Jean  Baptiste  MonturcutUc,  a  neighbor  of  the  said 
H.  Jacques  Felix  Theodore  Carton,  1  was  required  to  betake  myself 
to  the  house  of  the  said  Jacques  Felix  Theodore  Carton,  for  M.  Louis 
Gervaiâ  Chamberlin  bad  informed  the  said  MontureuîlJe  that  he  bad 
heard  a  shot  in  the  house  where  Jacques  Felix  Theodore  Carton  lived, 
a  mufSed  shot  as  of  a  gun  or  a  pistol.  These  two  men,  MM.  Montu- 
reuitle  and  Gervais,'  had  opened  a  window  on  the  south  side  to  see 
what  bad  happened;  and  they  opened  the  window  on  the  north  and  both 
of  them  saw  the  said  M.  Carton  fallen  on  the  floor  of  his  house  and  the 
room  filled  with  powder  smoke.  The  said  Carton  was  dead  from  a 
pistol-shot,  two  pistols  were  beside  him,  one  on  each  side,  one  of  which 
was  not  discharged  and  the  other  was  not  loaded.  The  pistol  shot  was 
in  W\s  left  breast  and  his  capot  serving  as  a  shield  was  pierced  and  burned. 
And  the  said  Jacques  Felix  Theodore  Carton  was  dead  on  the  âoor  by 
the  side  of  his  bed.  The  said  M.  Montureuille  declared  that  Catherine, 
the  negro  slave  of  Carton,  was  at  the  comer  of  the  house  and  had  said: 
"My  master  has  fired  in  the  house."  And  the  said  Gervais  declared 
that  the  negrcis  was  at  the  end  of  the  house  calling  him  and  saying 

Tbe  d«rk  hu  evidcnilr  «dtun  Gcrawln  (or  Gcrvsii  Mvtnl  ibwa. 


r 


nXINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

riant  disant  \\fS.  font]  tirf  daas  La  nuisoa  Les  fenetic  etoit  ferme 
Les  porte  de  la  mùsun  ferme,  une  porte  d'uoe  a[>entY  ou\-ertc,  trouvant 
Sure  La  table  un  petit  Buia  de  tb<  et  un  put  dan  quoi  lui  aves  du 
suoc  Et  I^s  dits  Siurs  deClarant  declaie  que  Ia  nc^Rae  suroît  EU 
■vcrtÏR  Mooakur  pierre  huit  de  Laraiinierc  Curf  de  la  parobse  de 
Limmioilée  Co&ceptioo  de  notre  dame  de  la  ville  des  KasKasKJas 
paya  des  iUinois,  LequcUe  siur  de  Lavaliniere  curé  aoré  axner  Etrou^t: 
Le  dit  Siur  Carton  qui  soupire  Lequel  curé  Locé  Ex  Exort^  a  la  mort, 
Et  En  presence  des  Siurs  nicolas  janis  Capitaine  de  milbe,  Et  mathorfai 
Bouvet  Et  rené  soumande  Et  antoinc  murin,  et  John  Edgar  El  Biaise 
Barutel  Lesquelles  ont  sîgnies  avec  Le  dit  notaire  soussigoé  a  la  reserve 
des  âeurs  jean  ba|>tis  moatureUille  et  louis  Gerrais  qui  ont  dit  ne  le 
savtnre  de  ce  Enquis  Lecture  fait, 
teimùns  present 

sa 

jASiB  At  (uorin]  j  B**     +     MoNXLTixtnuj; 

Bouvet  marque 

[Tmnslaêion] 

that  her  mnsirr  had  fireil  in  ihe  house.  7*hc  windows  were  dosed  and 
the  doors  of  the  house  uvre  rinsed.  A  door  of  a  p.tntr)'[  f]  was  open  aod 
ibey  found  on  the  tabic  a  little  pot  of  tea  and  a  pot  in  which  there  was 
some  sugar.  And  the  dcjKinents  declare  that  the  negress  had  been  to 
inforro  M.  Pierre  Huct  de  la  Valinîfere,  the  priest  of  the  parish  of  the 
Immaculate  Conception  of  our  Lady  of  the  village  of  Kaskaskia, 
country  of  the  Illinois,  and  that  M.  dc  la  Valiniere  arrived  and  found 
the  said  M.  Carton  still  breathing  and  that  the  priest  exhorted  him  at 
his  death.  And  in  the  presence  of  MM.  Nicolas  Janis,  captain  of  the 
militia,  Mathurin  Bouwt,  René  Soumande,  Antoine  Morin,  John  Edgar^ 
and  Blaise  Banitct,  they  have  signed  with  the  undersigned  notary,  with' 
the  exception  of  MM.  Jean  Baptise  3hfontureuille  and  Louis  Gcrvats, 
who  said  that  ihcy  did  not  know  how.  The  minutes  of  this  investif 
tion  were  read. 

Witness  present. 

His 

Janls.         Akt.  (MorinJ     J.  Baptiste  +  MoNXUREtmxE. 

BouvsT.  mark 


PROCES  VERBAL,  AUGUST  â,  1786  389 

J  Edgab  sa 

Babutel  Louis    +    gebvais 

&ENÉ  souMANDE  marque 

pu  Langlois 
Notaire 
Copie  livré  a  Mr  Beauvais 
[Endorsed:']    17S6.    Procès  verbal  du  Corp  de  j'acque  felîx  theodore 
Carton,  ce  a™*  aoust. 
Copie  livré 

[Translation,] 
J.  Edgas.  His 

Bardtel.  LODIS   +   Gervais. 

Rene  Soumande.  mark 

PiESKE  Langlois, 
Notary. 
Copy  delivered  to  M.  Bauvais. 
[Endorsed:]    Procis  verbal  of  the  death  of  Jacques  Felix  Theodore 
Carton,  this  August  second. 
Copy  delivered. 


XNE  MoaCBKETM'S  OaHOBBDR  It  j£AX   BtE.   BaKBAP, 

cB  vertD  De  laa  de  UMeaihfc  gttiak  de  U  Vîifiiûe  TXnoe  a  Mr^ 
tode  ctut  au  gnSe  chez  Mr  I  in|^i.  Rttis  poor  tous  ceux  qui  otu 
besoin  pixn- quoy  que  J4i  Coaaitaâaa  de  LieutBasBk  depMe  et  COaunan- 
dau  dc  U  Coaié  des  iUiaais  Mooaiear  jcaa  Bte.  Baeti«n  a  oxm  lieu  etj 
phce  cl  Sonant  tous  pomwraeqieimaique  tub  sent  en  txaikquikte  Ot 
district  au  Kaskaskia,  Ce  14"*  aoost  1786.' 

StGHt  THUOrE  DE  MwfBKCON 

Lieutenant  de  Coûte 
[TmuiaHom.]  fl 

Bjr  virtue  of  an  act  of  the  Geœral  Assembly  of  Virginia  delivered  to  " 
Mr.  Tudd,  which  Ls  at  the  house  of  M.  Langlois  and  which  is  directed 
to  all  whom  it  may  coocem,  I  have  conunissioned  as  Deputy  Lieu- 
tenant and  Commandant  of  the  County  of  Iltinois  M.  Jean  Baptiste 
Barbau  in  my  place  and  stead,  to  act  with  all  the  powers  given  me; 
and  I  hope  that  peace  will  be  preserved  in  the  district. 
Kaskaskia,  August  14, 1786. 

(Signed)  TraOTHÉ  de  Monbrel'n, 

County  Lieutenant.! 
'Till III!  Til  I  II  II II I  mill  lull  II 1 1  Kill  II  II 1 1  till  I  III  1  III  r j  mill  niwiiiiiMliiii 

■Udi  Kkbard  WijutuQ  (an  lo  [>c  Moabmin.    See  «Kb,  p.  j3i,  a.  i 


A   PETITION,  AUGUST  as,  1786 


39X 


Resolution  of  Congress,  August  23, 1786. 

[C-  C.  P|i-,  111.,  ICiukaiikiii,  itnd  Ky.,  xxx.,  491.] 

The  Committee  to  whom  was  rcfcrr'd  a  pc-titiun  from  the  inhabitimts 
of  Koâkaskias  for  the  or^nization  of  a  gov't,  over  the  suid  district, 
submit  the  following  report  in  part  — 

Ordered  that  the  Secy,  of  Cungress  iaform  the  i  11  habitants  cif  the 
said  district  that  Congress  have  under  th{:ir  considération  the  plan 
of  a  tcm{iorary  govt,  for  said  discrirt  and  that  its  adoption  will  lie  no 
longer  protracted  than  the  importance  of  tlie  subject  and  a  due  regard 
to  their  interest  may  require.' 
lEndorsed:] 

Report  of  Mr  Mosboe  No.  5. 

Mr  Johnson 
Mr  King 

Mr  PlNCKNEV 

Mb  Smith 
On  petition  of  Raskaskias  delivered  33  Aug  1786  Agreed  to 


Petition  to  Mathurin  BotJVET  by  Joseph  Baucy  as  Guardian 
TO  THK  Minor  Children  Duplassy,  August  35,  1786. 
(K.  MSS.— A,  n.  .sj 
A  Monsieur  mathurin  Bouvet  Juge  Civile  Et  Criminal  De  la  rille 
Des  KiisKasKias  pays  des  Illinois  &c  fi:c  &c 

MONSIEL'R, 

Joseph  Bougi  tuteur  des  mineurs  Duplasy  a  l'honneur  de  vous 
Exposée  quau  Défaut  de  justice  Etably  En  cette  ville  des  KasKasKias 

[Translation.] 
To  M.  Mathurin  Bouvet,  Civil  and  Criminal  Judge  of  itie  Village 
of  Kaska-skia,^  County  of  the  Illinois,  etc.  etc.  etc. 
Sib: 

Joseph  Baugy,  guardian  of  the  minors  Duplasy,  has  the  honor 
to  inform  you  that,  in  default  of  an  established  court  of  justice  in  this 

>ThùrMolui)(intanriiitcdia/#wnHJiii/C(Himjf,  It..  WS.  ]|  wu  tbc  reauli  «(  the  BniDriaJ 
of  thoFitnchfiaiuu,  HtiickwubftMilM  toCaEvnatby  Jiaqihl^ka.    Socaur,  p.  j|t. 

■  Tht*  ttttHat  U  [be  priodpil  nwen  (or  tho  bMsnloa  of  tbb  doatiMM.  Roam  ww  tTiOtnilj 
■n  appcjiitnuni  oi  iht  puty  «hkh  («Knl  Dc  Moabreun  from  llie  ottcc  at  oxialf  UniHcunL  Among 
the  pMiticni  of  ih«  retr  the  Ant  «d*aMd  M  above  li  <Um<1  Julr  18.  ■  78».  «iid  tbeku  il  dated  Octobtf 
17,  \jU.    See /U.  0 jtf.  CUhctMU.  U.,  otnii. 


391 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COIXECTTONS 


qu'i!  auroit  fait  faire  plusieurs  actes  D'asscmbUîes  des  parens  «t  amis 
Drsdits  mineurs,  pour  tlclibcnî  Ixurs  hicns  sur  rc  quil  oré  peu  donner 
Leurs  S'avis.  Comme  un  tuteur  doit  faire  tourhan  I-.es  biens  des  Min- 
eurs afin  De  ce  mettre  à  Eviter  toutes  Contestations  de  la  part  des 
mineurs  \,\fS.  tom]  la  loi  dicte  qu'un  tuteur  ne  peut  estre  repris  lors 
quil  Sui  Lavis  des  parons  F-t  amis  des  mineurs,  Et  ayant  fait  statué  Le 
pris  des  pelteris  par  une  assemblée  Corne  ayant  Eté  refusé  par  Les  juge 
daministré  Ix;urs  charge  dît  sans  ayant  remis  tueurs  charge  ;  Ccst  pour- 
quoy  que  Le  suppliant  vous  suppli  Monsieur  de  wiuloir  omologué  Les 
actes  des  parens  Et  amis,  afin  dcvîter  a  lavcnîr  toute  Contestations 
Comme  exersant  ponctuel  [AfS.  torn]  charge  de  tuteur,  tant  jx>ur  L'in- 
tcrcst  des  dits  mineurs  que  pour  prouver  Lexattitude  de  mon  administra- 
tion, à  suivre  Ce  quîl  ma  Eté  ordonné  par  Les  dits  avis  des  dits  parens 
et  amis,  ce  ses  que  espère  celui  qui  i  l'honneur  D'estre  Et  vous  fettf 
Droit,    osisté  du  subroge  tuteur 


[  Transla$ioH.\ 

village  of  Kaskaskîa,  he  has  had  made  scvltoI  certificates  |of  the  deter- 
minations] of  assemblies  of  the  relatives  and  friends  of  the  said  minors 
[summoned]  to  deliberate  concerning  the  possessions  of  the  minors  upon 
which  he  would  be  able  to  give  them  his  advice,  as  a  guardian  ought 
to  do  when  it  concerns  the  possessions  of  minors,  st.>  as  to  he  in  a  position 
lo  avoid  all  sorts  of  litigations  on  the  part  of  the  minors,  [for]  the  law 
says  th:it  a  guardian  cannot  lie  held  a'.sponsihlc  when  he  follows  the 
advice  of  the  parents  and  the  friends  of  the  minors.  And  the  said 
guardian  has  had  the  price  of  the  peltries  determined  by  an  assembly, 
as  the  judges  refused  to  administer  their  said  office  without  having 
resigned  ihcir  powers.  It  is  fo^r  this  reason  that  the  suppliant  begs 
of  you,  sir,  to  consent  lo  confirm  the  acts  of  the  relatives  and  friends, 
5(5  as  to  avoid  in  the  future  all  litigations,  since  he  has  exercised  punc- 
tually the  duty  of  guardian;  (and  I  beg  you  to  do  this]  liolh  for  the 
interest  of  the  minors  and  to  prove  the  exactness  of  my  administration 
in  following  what  was  ordered  by  the  said  relatives  and  friends.  That 
is  what  is  hoped  by  him  who  has  the  honor  to  he;  and  you  shall  do 
jtistice.    Assisted  by  the  surrogate  guardian. V 

■  The  iDcaaloc  of  the  Prraeli  la  vtry  doubiiul  in  «  aumber  of  |ll^ot>. 


DUPUIS  TO   BOUVET,  OCTOBER  17,  1786 


393 


sa 
JOSEPH  +  Botrci    tuteur 
marque 
Aux  KasKasKîas  Le  25'  aoust  1786    Lonval 
Vu  LEXposé  En  îcelle  il  me  sera  Communiqué  Les  procfis  verbaux 
d'avis  des  parens  Kl  amis  des  Mineurs  duplacis  afm  d'y  Entt^rrincr 
Le  nouv  [MS.  torn]  Kaison  Est  aux  KasKusKias  Ce  35  aoust  1 7SÔ 

M  BonvET 
JCC 
[Endfffsed:]    17S6.  Kequette  de  M.  Joseph  Baugt  luieur  Des  mineurs 
Dupluy  ce  35  aoust 

[Translatiim.] 

his 
Jos>:ru  +  Baocy,  Guardian. 
mark, 
Kaskaskia,  August  25, 1786.  Los>'AL. 

Iq  view  u(  tliis  exposition,  an  officiai  report  will  be  presented  to 
me  concerning  the  advice  of  the  relatives  and  friend  of  the  minors 
Duplaay  so  as  to  confirm  llie  new  [MS.  torn]  if  there  is  cause.  Kas- 
kaskia, August  35,  1736. 

M.  BOUVET, 

J.  C.  C. 
[Endprsed:]  1786.  Petition  of  M.  Joseph  Baugy,  guardian  oE  the 
minors  Duplasy,  this  August  35. 


Joseph  Dupuis  to  Mathurin  Bouvet,  17  October,  1786. 

(K.  MSK—  A.  D.  S.] 

A  Monsieur  mathurin  Bou\'et  Juge  Civile  Et  Criminal  de  la  ville 
des  KasKasKias.  Sec.  &c. 
Monsieur, 

Joseph  Dupuis,  à  I'humicur  dc  vous  exposée  qui!  tlst  dans  le  sent- 


[Transialion.^ 

To  M.  itathurin  Bouvet,  Judge  of  the  Civil  and  Criminal  Court 
of  the  Village  of  Kaskaskia,  elc,  etc. 
Sir: 

Joseph  niM*i.w  Im«  tk*  k  ,  you  that  he  has  the  inten- 


394 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


ûncnl  de  sorty  de  celte  \it)c,  Kn6n  de  pouroir  gagnivr  sa  vie  dans  un 
autre  Lieu,  Et  quîl  aurott  Ktâ  numéc  tuteur  Des  mineurs  de  feu  M. 
gabriel  hobuchon,  Cest  pourquojf  quil  vous  Suplie  trvs  humhlctnrnt  luy 
permetre  de  Convoque  une  assemblée  lic  parerui  F.t  amis  des  dits  mineurs, 
pour  La  nomination  D'un  tuteur,  à  st^n  Lieu  Et  afin  de  luy  rendre 
Compt  de  sa  gestion  de  tuteur  a6n  de  re  retirer  sans  que  nul  personne 
puis  hiy  imputer  de  neglîgance  El  Comme  Les  bien  des  dits  mineurs 
reste  En  celte  ville  Et  Le  dit  supliant  nelant  pas  En  môme  d'y  veillier 
Etant  sorty  de  la  ditte  ville  Cest  La  ^nse  espère  Ci-luy  qui  a  rhonoeur 
d'estrc  Et  que  vous  En  ordonnera  Et  Vous  y  fertf  droit, 
au  KasKasKias  le  i;-^  &'^  1786.  Sa 

Joseph  +  ûupuis 
marquai 

Viennent  L«s  parens  Et  a  dcfaut  des  amis  dc-s  dits  tuteurs  au  nombre 
Compctant  jcudy  dixncuvicme  jour  du  pri:âtDt  Mois  aux  Eins  de  sub- 
stituer un  tuteur  au  Lieu  Et  place  du  Supliant  Mandons  aux  KasKasKias 
Ce  17  8>»*  1786. 

M  Bouvet.  J.  C  C. 
[Translation.] 

tion  of  leaving  The  village  in  order  to  earn  his  living  In  some  other  place, 
and  that  inasmuch  as  he  was  named  guardian  of  the  minors  of  the  late 
M.  Gabriel  Aubuchon,  for  this  reason,  he  prays  you  very  humbly  to 
permit  hmi  to  convoke  an  assembly  of  (he  relatives  and  friends  of  the 
minors  in  order  to  proceed  to  the  nomination  of  a  guardian  in  his  place 
and  stead,  in  order  to  render  an  account  of  his  administration  as  guar- 
dian so  that  he  may  go  away  and  no  one  be  able  to  charge  him  with 
negligence.  And  inasmuch  as  the  possessions  of  the  said  minors  remain 
in  this  village,  and  the  said  petitioner  will  not  be  in  a  position  to  look 
after  the  said  possessions  after  he  has  left  the  said  village,  he  hopes 
lor  this  favor,  and  that  you  will  so  order  and  do  justice. 
Kaskaskia,  October  17,  T786.  his 

Joseph  +  Dupcis. 
mark 

Let  the  relatives,  and  in  default  thereof,  some  of  the  friends  of  theJ 
said  guardians  aiwemble  on  the  nineteenth  of  this  month  in  order  to 
substitute  a  guardian  in  the  place  of  the  petitioner.    We  so  decree. 
At  Kaskaskia,  this  seventeenth  of  October,  r786. 

M.  Bou\T.T,  J.  C.  C. 


EDGAR  TO  CLARK,  OCTOBER  33,  1786 


395 


James  Alueb  to  Georgb  R.  Clark,  October  22,  1786. 

lDr«per  MSS..  53JS4.— A.  U  S.] 

Kaskoskia  CM'  zad  1786 
May  it  Please  Youe  Excellkncv, 

To  Accept  u  few  Lines  frum  me,  iis  the  only  way,  1  have  to  Con- 
gratulate yuu,  un  yuur  Arrival  to  the  Post  of  S*  VIncenL  Shewing  my 
Very  heartfelt  Joy.  nf  ytjur  Aproarli  lo  tliis  Pust,  And  also  of  the  Public 
Spirit  of  Madam  Edgar,  who  gave  Scnlimcnl,  wishing  you  and  your 
Arms  Sucess  to  your  wishes.  I  Leam  that  the  Milittia  has  Returned 
to  the  Falls  for  want  nf  Provision  which  I  am  Sorry  for,  Especially 
when  there  is  Plenty  of  fluur  here  in  this  Place,  it  would  be  much  Pleasure 
to  me  to  hear  from  you  Ami  if  I  can  be  of  Any  use  in  Purchasing  or 
Assisting  to  purchase,  with  Safety  to  {blank  in  MS.]  it  ivilS  aflord  me 
the  Greatest  Pleasure  to  be  at  your  Command.' 

I  Am  Your  Most  Obed'  &  Very  Hum»  Scn-ant 

James   Aldeb 
[Addressed:]    To  His  Excellancy  Brigadier  General  Clark. 

P»  M'  M'Coy.  Post  S'  Vincent. 


John  Edcab  to  Geobge:  R.  Clakk,  October  3j,  17S6.' 

[Draper  MSS.,  saJsS-—  A.  L.  S.] 

Sia, 

I  Rec^  yours  by  Express  of  the  Eigbtecnlh  Instant  and  Observe 
the  Contents  of  your  Letter  and  am  very  happy  to  ûnd  that  you  put 
Confidence  in  me.  There  is  Nothing  that  1  wuuid  not  do  to  Serve 
General  Clark,  5;  my  Country. 

And  you  may  Depend  on  me  that  I  will  Execute  your  Order  or  any 
Other  Orders,  ynu  may  think  proper  to  enfairc  [sic]  on  mc,  to  the  last 
tittle  that  is  in  my  power,  the  Inhaiiilaiits  of  these  Villages  is  very 
much  Disaffected  lo  the  United  States,  owing  much  to  the  Michla- 
matknac  Company,  which  hoUls  a  large  Trading  House  at  CahoUia  for 
the  stiply  of  the  Savages.    If  any  thing  toum  u]>  in  the  lUenois  of 


)  Chit  wu  cnakinB  ■□  ncprcKlIitt  apliiM  the  ladiftltt  at  itiii  lime     The  cotMequenM  ol  diis  am} 
ihc  lollowiox  l-rticr  wu  that  a  company  wu  «ni  Irani  Vtoonuin  lo  obuin  (upytit*.    For  aa  accwiu 

a!  ibe  cnull;  mc  poii,  p.  4j6. 

>Tbta  Inw  I*  (vbtKl  In  Wù.  Biit,C»lUtiiiMi.  iriCi,  439. 


396 


ILLINOIS  mSTORIC.\L  COLLECTIONS 


ComequeDce  I  sbuU  Immediately  give  yuu  laicUcgancc  by  Express. 
I  am  sir 

Your  Most  OI>wi'  and  Humble  Serv» 

John  Epuak 
KiiskuMki&  33*^  Oct'^  1786 

N.  B.    Tliis  Country  is  tutaly  lost  if  we  have  not  Government 
established  here  Suun  &{:  &c 

1  was  ublidg^  to  give  S^  Ange  [a]  horse  as  the  one  he  brought 
give  out.  J.  E. 

[Addressed:]    George  K.  (^iark  Esq*"  Post  Vincent. 


Jean  Bte.  Basbau  to  Pierre  Langlois,  January,  17S7. 

[K.  MSS.— A.  L.S.] 
a  la  preri  du  [MS.  lorn] 

[jjanvier  1787 
Mon  CHER  Langlois, 

fommc  je  ncs  plAf.V.  torn]  riocalnn  jc  suis  obliges  dc  tann[.l/.S*.  lorn] 
un  de  mes  niîgrc  pour  te  rcmersicr  dc  la  complcsancc  que  tus  a  hus  dc 
tncscrirc  me  disans  quils  Etes  ariws  des  papier  du  congres  que  Ion  ma- 
t^ndes  avec  les  abitant  du  vîlage,  la  sirconstanccs  du  tans  E  mon  lodis- 
possîcion  dune  incommoditcr  man  pèche  de  me  tranceporter  oKaa 
comme  mcssicur  les  abitan  pou\'es  nous  atandrc  pour  an  faire  louvcrle 
comme  cet  une  chosse  asses  bterescantc  i>our  les  sistoien  je  les  pria 
dan  faire  la  lecture  comme  sis  nou  i  etion  je  tvux  pri\'cs  dc  voulouai 
avoirc  la  couplcssance  de  me  marque  les  nouvelle  par  uu  pctis  mot  de 

[Translalion.] 

M  Prairie  du  (Rocher]  [JJanuarj-,  1787 
Mv  DEAR  Lanolols: 

As  1  do  not  ha^'e  the  opportunity  [of  going  myself],  I  am  obliged  to 
send  you  one  of  my  negroes  in  order  to  thank  you  for  your  kindness  in 
writing  to  Icll  mc  that  there  had  arrived  some  papers  from  Congress  and 
that  the  inhabitants  of  the  village  are  expecting  me.  The  circumstances 
of  the  lime  and  my  illiu^ss  prevent  me  from  going  myself  to  Kaskaskîa. 
As  the  inhabitants  may  \k  expecting  us  lo  open  the  papers  and  as  it  ts 
a  thing  very  interesting  for  the  citizens,  I  ask  them  to  have  ihem  read,  as 
though  I  were  there.    I  beg  you  to  lie  kind  enough  to  tell  mc  the  news 


I 


A  PLACARD,  APRIL  3i,  1787  397 

lestre  ce  que  jatan  avec  baucoup  de  plesire  jespere  que  tus  voudras 
bien  avoire  celte  complesance 

ceUuî  qui  £s  avec  Estime  ton  serviteur 

Bakbao 
[Tmnsiaiicn.] 

in  a  short  tcLtcr  wliich  I  shall  expect  with  much  pleasure.*    I  uust  you 
will  have  lluit  kindness. 

He  who  is  with  esteem  your  servant, 

Bakbau. 

Placard  Concekning  Marguerite  Bektlev,  April  31, 1787. 

[K-  M.SS.—  A,  n.  S] 
Advertise  UENT 

Kaskaskias  21"  April  1787. 

Whereas  Margret  Beauvais  alias  Mrs  Bentley'  has  by  her  infamous 
Conduct  and  Whoredom  dissipated  &  squandcr'd  away  great  part  of 
the  Kstate  nf  M''  Thiimas  Bentley  disscascd  &  has  forntcd  &  tost  all 
Right  Title  Claim  &  Pretention  to  any  part  of  saJd  Estate  except  One 
dollar  according  to  his  express  Will.  —  The  said  Estate  is  mortgaged  for 
the  full  &  Just  Sum  of  Thirty  Thousand  Livres  with  Interest  which 
Obligation  is  in  my  Possessiun. —  I  do  hereby  forwam  all  &  every  Per- 
son or  Persons  whomsoewr  from  harbouring  concealing  or  detaining  oa 
any  Pretence  whatsoever  a  Certain  Mallattoe  Woman  named  Genvievtf 
with  four  Children  also  a  Negro  Man  named  Pcreault  as  well  as  any  other 
part  of  said  Estate  on  pain  of  suffering  the  Rigour  of  the  Law  except 
Daniel  M'^Elduff  Esq'  who  I  have  authorized  my  attorney. 

I  inform  Madame  Bcntleys  Scribbler  or  Cleric  who  takes  it  on  him- 
self to  dictate  translate  Sec  her  infamous  Lies  &  Untruths  that  tic  had 
Iwtter  mind  his  own  Business  &  have  a  little  more  Respect  to  the  Cloth 
which  some  o^-ersighted  Clergy  may  have  given  hira.      Although  this 

1  The  ptprn  (ram  CooRtoB  cnoloiiicd  the  ■moaDocan'Cnt  Ihit  a  ««minieai  woa\d  hr  ptuvMrI 
u  mxm  M  pe«lbl«.    Sk  mU,  y.  391. awl  rvd  P-  4*7-    CoMuli  tlw  tlL  Uin,  C^Utflimi,  ii.,  11.  ciuiL 

1  '['hire  b  ■  TtTf  UtfC  Bimher  ol  psMn  eonctraloK  tlie  dfapute  bcfwtco  Manurrilr  Bmilcy  aod 
Dodge  in  line  X.  itSS.;  bul  ii  h»  burfK-  trrwatd  wonh  whlli  fntuiat  Ibem  all,  alUwuih  Uic  om 
appou*  to  birc  ImcI  ila  effect  on  the  [nlitieal  (ituatioa.  HtduM  Bcntlry  btloaati  lo  the  Baunk 
UmUj,  «Ucb  prahably  mctuunu  lur  inudi  of  iht  oppadtiaa  o(  IliBt  (amSy  to  Dtidac  Sbs  uuried 
BcBllar  alurlty  before  tie  mit  «-111  ■  uiviDCT  to  Canaib.  At  thai  time  hr  appeanlrom  hklettan  to 
have  btrti  load  of  hn  «jfi?.  U'hm  be  rFiumrd  to  niimb  be  t«(iu«d  to  IIt«  irflh  hs  tad  mute  lb* 
mate  charin  apiiul  N>n-  that  D-'lic  rliil  later.  Ob  Benllejr'i  dntb  Dodfc  beoune  cncvtut  «f  the 
cNale  awl  kept  the  idle  out  of  Ihc  propoly.  Hadkine  BenUey  could  get  no  aatiiCaclian  (n  ntinab 
heatuae  d  Ibe  lack  uf  a  nnirt  Mtrr  Dridwi  went  Eci  Ibo  SpanUi  bank,  ihe  hraugbl  «nil  More  tbt 
———'"*■■'  at  Si.  Louit,  aad  lesms  to  hate  eoaviwed  Uib  at  het  riihCa.  Tfac  ca*e  »u  brmishl 
bcTor*  the  Court  ol  ICuka>kaKlH>,aDd.a>maTbaMailromKLi(crdixurR(aiC^(l,p.4]l)lluwkKÎÏ> 
ermpctliloncdCoacnailotiuttlce.    Tbe^pcndonMreml  ihciequtt. 


X» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECl'lONS 


is  not  Recorded  in  the  Town  Journal,  the  Coppy  is  to  be  found  when 
J  ustitc  takes  place  Jons  Dodge 

Executor  Administrator  of  the 
Estate  aforesaid 


Jban  Btë.  Barbad  to  thf.  ItmABiTAKTs  AT  Kaskaskia,  May  2,  fJ&T- 
[K.  MSS.— A.  L.  S.] 

Messieurs, 

Je  viens  de  recevoir  une  letrc  de  vous  en  datte  du  30  du  Mois  dernier 
et  hf!iche  pue  je  vab  faire  mettre  a  la  porte  de  Ic>;Usc  je  suis  d'autant  plus 
charmé  de  vos  bonnes  intentions  p^aur  Ictahlîsscment  dune  autborilé 
civille  qui  Mettra  un  frein  a  beauCoup  de  gens  qui  sont  ennemis  de  la 
société. 

U  y  a  longtemps  Messieurs  que  jay  pensé  a  vous  Communiquer  la 
Même  chose  puis  qu'enfin  l'accord  et  la  bon  inlrlligcnce  me  paroit  réelle 
ches  vous  je  vous  donne  mon  aprobation  et  my  transporteray  autant 
quîl  me  sera  possible.  jay  l'honneur  detre  avec  sincérité  Messieurs 

votre  très  humble  et  très  obeisant  st-rviicur 

Barbae 

prairie  durocher  ce  may  a*""  1 787 
[Addreîsfd:]    A  MoNSitUR  Pierre  Lanclois  Notaire  public  au  district 
des  Ka5kasli.ia5  Pour  ctix;  Communique  a  Messieurs  les  habittants  des 
Kaskaskias. 

[Translation.] 
Gentlemen  : 

I  have  just  received  a  letter  from  you,  dated  the  thirtieth  of  last  month 
and  the  notice  which  I  am  to  have  posted  on  the  di«>r  of  the  church.  I 
am  much  pleased  n-ith  your  good  intentions  to  establish  a  civil  authority 
which  wiU  put  a  check  upon  a  number  of  people  who  are  enemies  to 
society. 

I  have  thought  for  a  long  time  to  communicate  this  very  thing  to  you, 
since  at  last  accord  and  harmony  seem  real  in  your  midst.  I  give  you  my 
approbation  and  shall  come  lo  Kaakaskia  as  soon  as  possible. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  sincerily^  gentlemen, 

Youc  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

Barbau. 

Prairie  Du  Rocher,  this  May  a,  1787. 
{Addressed:]     To  M.  Pierre  Lanclois,  Notary  Public  in  the  District 
of  Kaskaskia,  to  be  communicated  to  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia. 


REPORT  OF  COMMITTEE.  MAY  7,  1787 


399 


Repoht  of  Committee  of  Congbess,  May  7,  1787, 

[C.  C.  Pp-.  1"-,  KaskaskU,  and  Ky.,  xxx-,  493.] 

The  Committee  consisringof  Mr.  Madison,  Mr.  Clark,  and  Mr.  Daoe 
lo  whom  was  referred  sundry  papers  relative  to  the  settlements  of  post 
St  Vincents  and  the  Illonois  —  report.' 

That  in  the  settlements  of  Post  St.  Vincents  the  Kaskaskias  and  Uli- 
noia  there  arc  a  large  number  of  Inhabitants,  principally  descendants  of 
the  antient  French  Settlers  who  have  for  seventy  or  eighty  years  past  liecn 
governed  by  French  laws  usages  and  Customs.  Vour  committee  find  ihe 
Inhabitants  of  those  places  disposed  to  submit  to  Government  and  good 
order,  and  solicitous  to  receive  their  laws  and  protection  from  the  united 
States  —  that  for  want  of  criminal  laws  and  magistrates  among  them  lo 
administer  their  existing  laws  and  customs  they  are  subjected  lo  very 
great  inconveniences,  and  many  mere  land  Jobbers  are  induced  to  intrude 
on  their  lands  and  disturbc  their  possessions  —  wherefore  the  Committee 
are  clearly  of  opinion  that  Congress  ought  without  delay  to  pro\nde  for 
the  admtnstration  of  Govcromcn*  and  (or  forming  some  additional  laws 
in  those  settlements  —  and  therefore  they  submit  the  following  resolves: 

Resolved  (hat  a  Commissioner  be  appointed  by  Congress,  whose 
commission  shall  continue  in  force  three  years  unless  sooner  revoked,  for 
the  settlements  of  Post  St.  Vincents,  Kaskaskias  and  Illinois,  whose  duty 
it  shall  be  to  divide  the  said  settlements  into  proper  districts  containing 
not  more  than  eight  nor  less  than  four  hundred  inhabitants  each,  and  aa 
soon  as  may  be  to  summon  the  Inhabitants  of  each  to  meet  and  elect  as 
near  as  may  be  for  each  two  hundred  Inhabitants  one  magistrate. 

Resolved  that  the  magistrates  of  each  district  or  the  major  part  of 
them  shall  have  full  power  and  authority  to  hear  and  determine  all  Con- 
troversies not  relating  to  property  io  lands,  according  to  the  laws,  usages, 
and  customs  that  prevail  in  such  district 

Resolved  that  the  said  commissioner  and  the  major  part  of  the  said 
magistrates  of  the  district,  (the  whole  being  sununooed  to  attend  the 
Court)  shall  have  full  power  and  authority  to  examine  into  the  titles  and 
possessions  of  the  Inhabitants  thereof  or  persons  claiming  lands  therein, 

i;St.  prinlnl  mU*,  p.  J7i.    Noadko 


'  Tlu*  repiort  il  ùmilir  in  iharaclcr  (o  diet  of  March  14,  i;Bt. 

VU  teka  on  li  iiid  ilir  wbok  tuhjrct  wm  kvfoiKn  in  the  dWuMli 

Kacthwcn  OrdiiuntF  o[  i;8;. 

tbe  feUowInf:   "  m*  «mmiti  . 

ftfkd  Mr.  Smilll  lo  ivhom  wui  rrfnrcd  ihc  rrporC  ai  3  caminlltec,  tD1ic:hlng  ihv  Um| 
of  thewtau»  terrtlory, rcfiincduQ  otilinaacclor  thcjioycnuacatof  tbcUirltorr 
iMrtbwcnaf  the  riva  OIûd,  whkb  n*  md  a  fim  time." 


iw)  ol  Uie  brauier  'qunciao  Of  Uh 
[n  ihr  Jmimai  c1  Cimfttii  under  July  ir,  IÏ87  (vd.  ilL.  ttl  ooonm 
i'ht  «mmitifc.  conUti<np  □(  Mr,  C*rTUMoe,  Mr.  Uao*.  Hi.  R.  U.  Im,  Mr. 

Ill  -       ■ 


40O 


tLLWOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


to  give  judgment  concerning  them  and  to  award  execution  accortUng  to 
the  laws  and  customs  prevailing  in  such  district  —  and  also  to  exercise 
crinunal  Jurisdiction  and  to  take  cognizance  of  aJl  crimes  and  offences 
committed  within  the  district  and  on  complaint  ot  information  to  con- 
sider the  same  and  the  evidence  and  award  such  sentence  and  punishment 
as  are  by  the  laws  of  Virginia  annexed  to  like  crimes  and  offences  and  it 
shall  immediately  l»c  made  known  in  said  districts  what  punishments  are 
annexed  by  the  criminal  laws  of  Virginia  to  the  several  species  of  Crimes 
and  (jffences 

Resolved  that  the  said  Conunissiuner  and  Uvo  thirds  of  the  said 
magistrales  of  all  the  districts  duly  assembled  shall  have  full  jwwcr  by 
the  cooscnt  of  the  commisioacr  and  a  major  part  of  the  magistrates 
present  to  make  laws  and  to  alter  tlie  laws  of  the  said  districts  for  the 
better  guvernment  thereof  reporting  the  same  tu  Congress  which  shall 
be  in  full  force  unless  disapproved  of  by  Congress  and  the  said  Commis- 
sioner in  all  Courts  or  assemblies,  in  which  he  shall  be  a  member,  shall 
preside. 

Re-solved  that  the  said  Commissioner  with  the  advice  and  Consent 
of  the  major  part  nf  the  said  Magistrates  of  the  district  shall  appoint 
executive  officers  therein  respectively  to  carr)'  their  decrees  into  execu- 
tion—  and  also  a  register  in  each  district  and  the  said  magistrates 
executive  officers  and  registers  shall  continue  in  office  four  years  unless 
sooner  removed  therefrom  by  Congress  or  those  who  appointed  them 
respectively. 

Resolved  that  the  register  of  the  District  shall  keep  in  some  con- 
venient place  in  it  a  registry  in  which  there  shall  be  recorded  by  him  all 
deeds  and  Instruments  conveying  lands  or  any  estate  therein  and  also 
all  executions  extended  on  lands — it  shall  alsobcthedulyof  thcreps- 
ler  of  the  district  to  act  as  Clerk  to  and  carefully  record  and  preserve 
the  proceedings  of  the  Judidal  Courts  held  therein 

Rcsciilved  that  no  propjcrty  in  lands  after  the  first  day  of  September 
next  shall  be  transferred  but  by  bargain  and  agreement  fairly  and  opiealy 
made  by  the  parties  before  some  NJagistralc  of  the  District  in  which  the 
lands  may  be  by  deed  in  writing  duly  executed  and  acknowledged  in  bis 
preseiur  attested  by  him  and  tivo  other  witnesses  and  regi&tred  within 
twelve  months  after  the  execution  thereof  —  or  by  executions  duly 
extended  and  registred  within  six  months  from  the  time  of  extending  the 
same 


REPORT  OF  COMMITTEE,  MAY  7,  1787 


401 


Resolved  that  ihc  Commissioner  be  and  he  is  hereby  ïmpowercd  lo 
organize,  regulate  and  cummand  the  militia  of  the  said  Districts  aod  to 
tslabliah  suitable  posts  of  defence  against  the  savages  —  it  shall  be  his 
duty  to  pnrsen'e  peace  with  the  Indian  nations  and  to  pennJt  no  sclde- 
mcnts  on  their  lands  or  Intrusions  on  lands  of  the  United  States  in  that 
part  of  the  Country  —  it  shall  be  his  duty  and  the  duty  of  the  magistrates 
to  prevent  by  all  proper  means  unfair  and  fraudulent  purchases  of  the 
lands  of  the  said  Inhabitants  —  it  shall  be  his  duty  also  to  explain  to 
them  the  laws  of  the  United  States  and  to  inform  Congress  from  time  to 
time  of  the  situation  and  Interesting  concerns  of  those  districts  —  it  shall 
be  his  duty  constantly  to  reside  among  the  said  Inhabitants  and  to  pro- 
mote Justice  harmony  and  industry  among  them 

Resolved  that  the  said  Commissioner  and  all  officers  appointed  in 
said  districts  previous  to  their  entering  on  the  duties  of  their  respective 
offices  shall  take  an  oath  for  the  faithful  discharge  (hereof  and  an  oath 
of  fidelity  to  the  United  States  the  said  Commissioner  before  [blank]  and 
the  other  officers  before  ihc  said  Commissioner  ccrtifirales  of  all  which 
oaths  shall  be  lodged  in  the  office  of  the  Sccrctar>'  of  Congress 

Resolved  that  the  Salary  of  the  said  Commissioner  be  at  the  rate  of 
[blank]  Dollars  per  annum  and  the  register  shall  have  reasonable  fees 
established  as  also  the  other  magistrates  and  officers  for  their  services  by 
the  said  Commissioner  and  magistrates  authorised  to  make  laws. 

Resolved  that  the  secretary  at  war  furnish  the  said  Commissioner 
with  [blank]  men  of  the  troops  of  the  United  States  for  the  protection  of 
said  Inhabitants  and  prL-servalîon  of  order  among  them  and  for  the  pre- 
vention of  intrutions  \sic]  on  public  lands 
[Endorsed:]     RcjKtrt  No.  4. 
Mr  Madison 
Mr  Clark 
Mr  Dane  — 

Papers  relating  to  Post  St  Vincents  Illinois  etc.  — 
Entd.  read  May  7th.  1787 

assigned  for  Tuesday  8th.  May. 

See — Papers  —  with  file  of  Northern  and  Western  —  Indians  etc.  — 


4M  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

CouiossioN,  Given  by  Babbau,  to  the:  Justices  or  the.  Fi:ac£, 

May  18,  1787. 

IK.  MSS.— A.  D.S.] 

The  CommoQn'eaJch  nf  Virginia  lo  Henry  Smith  Thumas  Hughes, 
Michael  Duff  antony  Saint  gême  Bcauvais  frands  Corset  John 
Baptiste  saint  gfime  Beauvais  Esquires. 

From  the  great  Confidence  in  your  Judgment  &  Intégrité  by  ihe 
good  people  uf  KasKasKias  and  its  Dependencies  and  agreeably  to  an 
act  of  the  General  assembly  nf  Virginia  you  [are]  hereby  constituted 
&  appointed  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  District  of  KasKasKias  and 
judges  of  the  Court  of  the  said  District  in  cases  both  civil  and  criminal, 
any  four  or  more  of  you  are  authorized  to  constitute  a  Court  before  whom 
shall  [MS.  torn]  all  actions  and  cases  of  which  the  Court  \AfS.  torn] 
des  of  this  Commonwealth,  Respectively  [\fS.  lorn]  your  Judgments 
must  \iave  the  Concu|K5.  torn]  least  a  majoritiî  and  be  entered  with 
[^fS.  lorn]  previous  Sz  subsequent,  and  fairly  recorded  in  Books  pro- 
vided for  that  pxirpose  Witness  John  Bajjliste  Barbau  Deputy  County 
Lieutenant  or  Commandant  in  Chief  of  the  County  of  Illinois  the  iRih. 
day  of  May  in  the  ten  year  of  the  Commonwealth  anno  que  Domini 
1787  Barbait  lie*  de  conte 


to  Commandant  Mono  at  Ste:  Genevieve,  June  30,  1787. 

[K.  MSS.—  A.  U] 
lêtre  écrit  au  Moro,  Comdt.  a  Ste.  Cienevieve  Juin  30™*  1787 


Je  prend  la  liberté  de  vous  informer  que  la  Négresse  que  j'avoit 
réclamée  comme  m'ayant  été  emmetiée  par  Mr  Dodge,  est  revenue 
chez  moi,  en  consequence  comme  elle  m'appartient  legitement  je  la 
retiens. 

J'ai  l'honneur  d'Etre 

[Translation.] 
Letter  Written  to  Moro,  Commandant  al  Stc.  Genevieve,  June  30, 1787. 
I  take  the  liberty  to  inform  you  that  the  ncgrcss,  who  1  have  claimed 
was  taken  from  me  by  M.  Dodge,  has  come  back  to  mc.    Consequently, 
as  she  legally  belongs  to  me,  I  keep  her. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be 


A  PROTEST,  JULY  5,  1787 


40J 


[Oft  lA«  batk  is  wrUtat] 


[On  the  back  is  imM«n] 


A  Monsieur 
Monsieur  De  la  VALiKiEtE 
Prctrc  5c  Curé  aux  Kiiskaskia 

\Translalxon.\ 

To  Monsieur  M.  de  la  Valmière, 

Priest  and  Curalc,  at  Kaskaskia. 


Protest  op  M.  Bol'vet  against  Hcnbv  Suite,  July  5,  1787. 
fK.  MSS.—  A.  D.  S.J 
L'an  Mil  Sept  Cent  quatrevingt  sept,  !e  cinquième  jour  du  mois 
De  Juitltct  Est  Comparu  pardevant  Le  notaire  public  de  la  ville  des 
KasKasKîas  Et  greffier  du  dit  lieu,  soussigné,  Et  En  presence  des 
témoins  Cy  après  nommes  aussy  soussigné  Le  Sieur  mathurin  Bouvet 
Encien  maire  du  dit  KasKasKias  Et  Capitaine  Commandant  au  vHagc 
de  St.  philipe  Le  quel  nous  a  déclaré  quil  auroit  Eté  arétté  par  Corps 
le  trantieme  jour  du  mois  de  juin  dernier  par  Monsieur  Busk  [?]  En 
presfnce  de  Raphael  Droua  habitant  du  dît  Village  St.  philii»  par  un 
Waran  ou  pris  de  corps  décernée  par  le  Sieur  smith  En  sa  qualité  Soit 
disant  president  de  la  Cour  des  dits  KasKasKîas  que  le  dit  Sieur  Bouvet 
sans  avoir  Conoisancc  de  l'établissement  de  cette  Cour  se  ccroit  Engagé 
a  paroitre  au  jours  âxé  pour  répondre  aux  demandes  de  francois  St. 

{Translation.] 

On  the  fifth  of  July,  17S7,  there  appeared  before  the  undersigned 

notary  public  of  the  ^lage  of  Kaskaskia  and  clerk  of  the  same  place, 

and  in  the  presence  of  witnesses,  hereafter  named,  who  signed  also, 

the  undersigned,  M.  Mathurin  Bouvet,  former  mayor  of  the  said  Kas- 

Lkaskia  and  captain  commandant  at  the  village  of  St.  Philippe,  who 
declared  to  us  that  he  had  been  arrcstc<l,  on  June  30  last,  by  M.  Busk 
[?]  in  the  presence  of  Rapliael  Druiiat,  inhabitant  of  the  said  village 
of  St.  Philippe,  on  a  warrant  or  eapias  issued  by  M.  Smith  in  his  ofhce 
of  ioi  disant  president  of  the  Court  of  said  Kaskaskia;  and  further- 
more that  the  said  M.  Bouvct  without  knowledge  of  the  establishment 
of  that  Court  agreed  to  appeux  there  on  the  day  ai>pointed  in  order  to 
answer  the  demands  of  François  St.  Marie  Montigny,  his  clerk.    M. 


404  ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

marie  mutigtny.  \iU]  Commis  du  dît  Sieur  Bouwt  ï^<^ucl  a  quitté  son 
dornitile  El  ucgligé  toutes  affaires  queIcani|Ucs  pour  se  0>nlom»er  audit 
Waran  Et  s'est  rendu  audit  lieu  dirs  KasKiisKijis  Ht  n'ayaut  trouvé  ni 
Chambre  ni  ("our  ni  president  d'Etablis;  il  |>rotcstc  Contre  ledit  Sr. 
«niilli  Comme  uyant  deccriu-  tnalapro^Kis  une  prise  de  coqis  Contre 
luy  Requierant  Le  dit  Sieur  smith  de  luy  faire  Kaison  D'une  guinfe 
par  heure  du  moment  qu'il  est  party  du  vilage  St.  Phili]»:  jusqu'à  son 
retour  frais  de  voyage  j^eosion,  dommages  et  interest;  protestant  En 
outre  Contre  toutles  demarches  inConsideréc  que  le  dit  Sr.  Mondgnic 
pui  faire  Contre  luy.  ayant  party  du  fort  ]iîlre  ou  te  dit  Sr.  Bouvet 
L'avoit  Envoyé  Et  ayant  Eté  au  détroit  sans  aurunc  ordre  du  Sr. 
Bouvet  ni  raison  valables  pour  ses  interests  Et  ne  luy  ayant  rendu  aucuns 
Compte  de  la  gestion  de  ses  affaires  pourquoy  Le  dit  Sieur  Bouvet  pro- 
teste Contre  (out  Engagement  que  le  Sieur  montignie  a  pu  faire  ou 
pouroit  faire  par  La  suite  En  son  nom  Kt  se  pourvoit  par  ce  présentes, 
En  dédommagement  de  tous  frais  dommages  Kt  interest  En  Cas  d'in- 
solvabilité de  la  part  du  Sr.  prose  du  jour  de  larivéc  du  Sr.  Montignie 
au  fort  pitre  jusqua  son  retour  au  KasKosKias  pouvant  prouver  par 

[TransliitîoH  .\ 
Bouvet  left  his  home  and  neglected  all  his  affairs  in  order  to  comply 
with  the  said  warrant,  and  presented  himself  at  the  said  place  of  Kas- 
kaslcia  ;  and,  since  he  has  not  found  either  chamber  or  court  or  even  a 
president  established  there,  he  protests  against  the  said  M.  Smith  for 
having  issued  wrongly  a  warrant  against  him,  and  he  dcmamU  that  the 
said  M.  Smith  should  recompense  him  at  the  rate  of  a  guinea  per  hour 
from  the  lime  he  left  the  village  of  St.  Philip|>e  until  his  return  including 
his  cjcpenscs  on  the  trip,  board,  damages,  and  interest.  He  protests 
furthermore,  against  all  the  unreasonable  proceedings  which  the  said 
M.  Montigny  may  make  against  him,  because  the  said  Montîgny  de- 
parted from  Fort  Pitt,  whither  the  said  M.  Bouvel  had  sent  him,  and 
has  gone  to  Detroit  without  any  order  from  M.  Bouvct  or  any  good 
purpose  that  might  further  the  interests  of  the  latter,  and  he  has  given 
no  account  of  the  conduct  of  his  affairs.  For  these  reasons  M.  Bouvel 
protests  against  all  contracts  thai  M.  Montigny  may  or  might  have  made 
in  his  name.  And  by  these  presents  he  provides  for  indemnification 
in  all  costs,  damages,  and  interest  in  case  of  insolvency  on  the  part  of 
M.  Prose,  from  the  day  uf  the  arrival  uf  M.  Montigny  at  Fort  Pitt  until 


A   PROTEST,  JULY  7,  1787 


4P5 


la  Icltrc  du  dît  prosps  qu'il  a  reçu  des  Effets  Et  Emmené  un  cheval  au 
dctroit  qu'il  a  gardé  dont  TA  du  tout  Le  dît  Sr.  Bouwt  a  rcquî  acte  qui 
luy  a  TAé  octroyé  pour  luy  Servir  Et  ^-aloîr  ce  qut*  de  raison  Les  jours 
Et  an  que  dcssas  En  presence  des  Sieur  rené  soumande  Et  francois 
Drouarl  témoins  a  ce  requi  qui  ont  signé  avec  Le  dît  Sîcur  Bouvet  et 
Ix  dit  notaire  soussigné  Lecture  fait  at-ant  mldy.  aprouvcr  deux  rature 
a  la  premier  page 

M.  BOOVET 

témoins  present 

KKtit  SOUUANDE 

DKULfAKT  P**  LANGLOIS 

notaire 

[Translaliim.] 

bis  return  to  Kaskaskia,  sînce  he  is  able  to  prove  by  the  letter  of  the  said 
Prose  '  lliat  the  former  received  some  goods  and  took  a  horse  to  Detroit, 
which  he  kept.  For  all  this  statement  the  said  M.  Bouvet  has  demanded 
an  instrument  which  was  granted  that  it  may  be  of  use  and  validity  to 
him,  of  which  this  act  will  testify.  The  same  day  and  year  as  above,  in 
the  presence  of  MM.  René  Soumande  and  François  Droiiart,  witnesses, 
for  this  purpose  invited,  who  have  agned  with  the  said  M.  Bouvct 
and  the  said  notary,  undersigned.  Reading  made.  Time  before  noon. 
Two  erasures  on  ihe  first  page  approved. 

M.   BOUVET. 

Witnesses  present, 
René  Soumande. 

DboUarx.  Phekke  Lamclois, 

Notary. 

Protest  op  Antoine  Baovais,  St.  Gemme  Bauvab,  and 
François  Corset,  July  7,  1787. 
[K.  MSS.—  A.  D.  S.] 
A  L'asaemble  [MS.  torn]  eque  [?].    Nous  soussignés  Magistrats 
du  district  des  KasRasKias. 

[TranslatUm.] 
To  the  Public  \7]  Assembly.    We  the  undersigned  magistrates  of  the 
District  of  Kaskaskia 


■It  h  InpUBlU*  to  nako  out  the  uraf. 


406 


ILLINOiS  mSTOiUCAL  COLLECTIONS 


AvDtis  mûrement  Examine  Comme  ils  vous  pluts  Messieurs  de  nous 

honorer  de  la  charge  De  ma^lral,  C'est  pourquoy  nous  vous  Ex]Kisons. 

I*  L«s  dits  Sieurs  St.  Gcmc  Bauvaîs  et  Corset  Vous  Eitp>ose  lors 
qu'ils  ctoit  Magistrats  En  8ï  quils  ont  Eté  Déchu  par  un  protest 
mise  a  la  porte  de  L'Eglise  Ccst  pourquoy  ils  vous  priroît  de  vouloir 
En  Elire  dautrc  a  leurs  lieu  Et  place,  si  toute  foy  que  quelque 
personne  ait  a  leurs  reproché  Sur  leurs  Conduit  Voulant  Cependant 
Rstre  utile  a  la  sodctté. 

3*  il  vous  a  plut  Mcssicur  d'i  metre  des  Cïtoîen  ameriquain  auquel 
il  natende  pas  ta  langue  française,  Et  que  nous  ne  pouflf^.  torn] 
Comuniquer  nos  pensées  [MS.  torn]  Contestations  qui  nous  sont 
représenté. 

3*  Nous  vous  Exposons  pour  i  tenir  Cour  sans  un  intrcprctc  qui 
puisse  Expliquer  les  Contestations  Et  ainsy  que  la  loi,  a  Nous 
accordé  par  L'assemblée  general  de  la  Virginie  Et  i  traduire  toutes 
plainte  et  la  loi  afin  que  nous  puïsion  terminer  nous  n'anConnoissons 

[Translation.] 

Have  carefully  examined,  gentlemen,  the  announcement  that  you 
have  been  pleased  to  honor  us  with  the  otEce  of  magistrates,  and  it  is  for 
that  reason  that  we  make  known  to  you  the  following: 

ist  The  said  St.  Geme,  Bauvais,  and  Corset  '  show  you  that,  when 
they  were  magistrates  in  '83,  they  were  deprived  of  their  office  by  a  pro- 
test posted  on  the  door  of  the  church,'  and  it  is  for  this  reason  that  they 
]>raye(l  yuu  to  consent  to  the  election  of  others  in  their  place  and  stead. 
If  some  jicrson,  nevertheless,  should  reproach  them  for  their  conduct, 
yet  they  arc  willing  to  be  useful  to  society.' 

2d.  It  has  pleased  you,  gentlemen,  to  place  in  office  American 
citizens  who  do  not  understand  the  French  language,  and  with  whom  wc 
cannot  communicate  our  thoughts  [concerning  the]  litigations  that  arc 
brought  before  us. 

3d-  Wc  show  you  [that  it  will  be  impossible]  to  hold  court  without 
an  interpreter  who  will  be  able  to  explain  the  contentions,  as  well  as  the 
law  granted  us  by  the  General  Assembly  of  Virginia,  and  thai  wc  do  not 
know  anyone  capable  of  translating  to  the  Court  all  complaints  as  well  as 

■  The  pauBuc  pnttuhtT  nftn  to  Il.r«c  mn,.  J.  Si.  Gnrnnc  B«UTait  wnt  itiKnillr  aded  Si. 
CcmiiM.  iJdiiTUiih  Anioior  fînu'raûi  had  ihr  uric  rumc. 

•  Ttic  notlw  pdilrd  irohahlr  h;  WioMon  Ed  Novonba,  nSi.    Stt  amU,  p.  m. 

*  Mfaulng  o!  cht  Frmdi  U  iui<  tiru. 


L 


A  PROTEST,  JULY  7,  1787 


407 


fiie 


pas  personne  capable,  Si  vous  pouvez  nous  £d  procurer  un,  et  que 
vous  vouliez  vous  En  raporlcr  a  liatrcprete  vous  En  putsserd  un 
acte. 

Quil  Soit  Etabli  une  chambre  de  justice  pour  I  chieger  [sieger?]. 

Si  vous  ne  Consente  pas  a  mcRtcnir  la  Cour  telle  quel  est  Etablis 
Im\  accorde  que  toutes  fois  que  queltjuc  Gouvcrncmcnl  Sera  trouve 
inCapable  de  produire  Ces  Effets  la  pluralité  [MS.  iûm]  dans  la 
Socicllé  a  un  indujbltablc]  inalienable  et  inviolable  droit  de  1c 
refbimer  altérer  ou  abolir  de  1:l  manier  que  Ion  jugera  plus  apropos 
et  la  plus  avantageuse  au  bien  public  voyë  L'article  3. 

Pour  obvier  au  frais  de  justice  sî  vous  juge  a  propos  qui  ny  est 
que  un  huissier  pour  exerser  Les  ordres  émané  de  la  Cour.  Et  En 
Cas  que  vous  y  Consente  Et  que  quelque  personne  qui  ce  trouveront 
dans  la  prohibition  des  ordres  vous  donnera  main  forte  a  l'huissier 
Et  Ceux  qui  ccroct  Command*?  ceront  pay^  par  ct-Iuy  qui  ce  trouvera 
Dans  la  prohibition  Et  Nous  avons  l'honneur  Destre 


[  Translation.] 

the  law  so  that  we  may  come  to  a  decision.  fWe  further  show]  that,  tf 
yuu  ate  able  to  procure  an  inteqjrclcr  for  us  and  are  willing  to  put  your 
reliance  on  the  interpreter,  you  should  pass  an  act  to  that  effect. 

4th.  That  there  be  estabUshed  a  chamber  of  justice  for  holding 
sessions. 

5th.  If  you  do  not  consent  to  maintain  the  Court  as  it  was  estab- 
lished, the  law  grants  that,  whenever  government  shall  be  found  to  I» 
incapable  of  producing  good  order,  the  plurality  of  votes  in  society 
has  an  indubitable,  inalienable,  and  tn\iolabIe  right  to  reform,  alter,  or 
abolish  it  in  whatever  manner  it  shall  be  judged  to  be  most  fitting  and  for 
the  greatest  advantage  to  the  public  welfare.    Sec  article  3. 

6tb.  In  order  to  decrease  the  expense  of  administering  justice,  if 
you  judge  it  fitting,  there  need  be  only  one  huissio"  to  execute  the  orders 
issuing  from  the  Court:  provided  you  consent  to  this  that,  when  per- 
sons are  found  in  the  act  of  opposing  the  orders,  you  will  lend  assistance, 
and  that  those  who  shall  be  commanded  to  asast  shall  be  paid  by  the 
person  who  makes  the  opposition. 

Wc  have  the  honor  to  be,  gentlemeo, 


40S  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Messieurs  Votre  humble  obeis*  Serviteur 

Antoinx  BAtrvAis 

FCOBSET 

J.  S.  G.  Baovais 
le  7*  juillet  1787 

[Tronsiaiion.] 
your  very  humble  and  obcdicat  servants, 

Antoine  Bauvais. 

F.  COBSKT. 

J.  S.  G.  Badvaib. 
July  7,  1787. 


Fraguent  op  Agreeuent  AiioNG  THE  CmzENS  OF  Kaskaskia,  July  8, 

1787. 

[K-MSS.— A.D.SO 

[\fS.  tarn] kg  reprc[senta] 

lion  des  Magistrats. 

Avons  mûrement  Considérer  L'impossibiliter  d'avoir  des  intrcpreter 
El  ainsy  l'impossibilité  des  Magistrat  français  et  amcriquain,  de  Com- 
muniquer leurs  pensée  sur  le  sujet  Ft  Contestations  qu'ils  peuvent  Leurs 
Estre  présenté  a  la  Cour  de  justice  Et  pour  obvier  aux  frais. 

C'est  pourquoy  nous  sommes  tous  unanimement  d'avis  qu'il  n'est  que 
des  Magistrat  françois  Comme  Etoit  etably  la  cour  lors  quelle  Etoit 
établi  par  feu  M.  U>d.  Lt.  de  Comté,  El  Ceux  qui  ont  £û  les  voy  h  l'eléc- 

[TramiatioH.] 

[MS.  torn] ; the  repre- 

[sentajtions  oE  the  magistrates. 

We  have  carefully  considered  the  impossibility  of  having  interpreters 
and  also  the  impossifiility  t)f  Frencit  and  American  m;if;istrate3  communi- 
cating their  thoughts  on  the  subjects  and  litigations  that  may  be  present- 
ed to  them  in  the  court  of  justice  and  also  how  to  avoid  the  expense. 

Il  is  for  this  reason  that  we  are  all  unanimously  of  the  opinion  that 
there  should  be  only  French  magistrates  just  as  the  Court  was  estab- 
lished  when  it  was  erected  by  the  late  M.  Todd,  County  Lieutenant; 
and  thai  of  those  who  have  received  the  votes  in  the  election  which  M. 


AN  AGREEMENT,  JULY  8,  1787 


409 


tion  qua.  fait  M.  Barbaux  Lt,  dc  Comte,  Les  personnes  français  seront 
Magistrat  avec  Les  trois  français  qui  ont  dcja  prfiUÎ  Serment,  tent  pour  la 
presentation  que  Ion  nous  a  fait  touchant  un  protest. 

Et  [MS.  lorn] n'ayant  rien  à  leurs  rep  [JUS.  torn]  jusqua 

present  que  natcndans  pfas]  lu  langue  française  pour  Estre  membre  de 
la  Cour  établis  k  suivre  La  loi  a  Nous  accoutumé  accordif  par  L'acl  de 
lasemblée  general  de  la  Virginie,  et  cela  jusqua  que  le  Congre  auquel 
nous  dépendons  ayet  Envoyé  la  resolutions  du  plan  quil  a  pris  pour  Le- 
tabliasement  d'un  Gouvernement  En  le  district  Et  pour  un  cheriff  nous 
sommes  d'opinion  qu'il  n'En  ayet  pas  qu'un  huissier  auquel  nous  don- 
nerons toutes  mains  forte  Lorsque  le  cas  le  requera,  au  KasKasKias  ce 
8  juillet  1787  et  dans  la  sîrconstances  Ihuissicr  donnera  Caution. 
Loins  BuvAT  Janis  Jno.  EofiAR   Lachanse 


Vital  Bauvais      [\fS.  torn]  Barutel 
M*  ANTAYA  Sa  marque 
Jne  chenter  sa  marque 
DAK  LANIE0SE  sa  marque 


[jl/.Ç.  torn]     DEUSLE 

Arcet"  Macnabb- 
AMABLE  GAGKTÉ  Sa  marque 
JEKOUE  DAN1S  sa  marque. 


[Trafislation.] 
Barbau,  County  Lieutenant,  held,  the  Frenchmen  shall  be  magistrates 
together  with  the  three  Frenchmen  who  have  already  taken  the  oath. 
As  for  the  representation  which  has  been  made  to  us  concerning  a  pro- 
test [MS.  lorn]  . , not  haWng  anjthing  to  their  rep 

until  the  present,  that  not  understanding  the  French  language  in  order 
to  be  a  member  of  the  established  court,  to  follow  the  law  lo  which  we  are 
accustomed  which  has  been  granted  us  by  the  General  Assembly  of 
Virginia,  and  that  until  Congrc-is,  on  which  we  depend,  shall  have  sent 
the  decision  concerning  the  plan  which  it  has  determined  upon  for  the 
establishment  of  a  government  in  the  district.  And  in  regard  to  a  sberifF 
we  are  of  the  opinion  that  there  should  be  only  one  huissUr,  to  whom 
we  shall  all  give  assistance  whenever  it  will  become  necessary. 
Kaskaskia,  July  8,  17S7,  and  under  the  circumstances  the  huissier  will 
give  security.' 

Louis  BiTYAT.        Janis.         Jno.  Edgar.  La  Chanse. 

Vital  Bauvais.      [MS.  torn]     Barotel,    [Mark  of  +]  dk  Lisle 
M^  Anta\a,  his  mark. 
Jne.  Chi:nier,  his  mark. 
Dan.  Lanieuse,  his  mark. 


Arch*'  MacNabb. 
Amable  Cacn£,  his  mark. 
Jehoue  Danis,  his  mark. 


Todd 


>  TbencoriUot  ilietMtbnaof  thr  C'wri  thiM  trr{rf){hanbmprIatnlti}E.C,M45oa,ia"jQba 
il'xKcco(d-U«ak,"  inCti  Hiil.  SacUty'tCaUKfiuiii.  iv.,  jo«. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Joseph  Parkf.r  to  Psksideot  St.  Clais,  October  2,  1787. 

[Draper  MSS.,  14S170-173. —  Copy.] 

New  York  Octob*  a<*,  1787. 
HoNBLK  Sm, 

I  left  KaskaskJa  the  s**'  June  last,'  and  the  people  of  the  Illinois 
expected  Government  would  have  been  established  amongst  them  this 
last  spring  or  summer.  The  inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia  and  other  villa^s 
mtended  to  have  another  petition  by  me  to  Congress,  but  as  it  was  not 
ready  when  I  was  about  to  leave  that  place,  the  people  desired  I  would 
communicate  their  sentiments  to  the  Congress  respecting  the  price  of 
lands  in  the  Illinois.'  The  inhabitants  fmd  by  an  Ordinance  of  Coa- 
grc&s  that  lands  in  the  Western  country  are  rated  at  a  dollar  an  acre» 
and  the  mode  of  disposing  of  those  lands  are  very  unfavorable  to  the 
settling  of  that  country,  because  they  are  rated  so  high  for  them  to  pur- 
chase, and  those  who  will  hrst  settle  the  country,  and  the  place  of  sale  of 
the  lands  too  great  a  distance  for  them  to  attend  —  and  that  some  allow- 
ance should  be  made  to  them  who  have  risqucd  their  lives  to  settle  In 
that  countiy.  If  the  price  of  the  lands  is  not  reduced,  it  is  the  determina- 
tion of  the  people  to  go  on  the  other  side  of  the  Mississippi,  or  down  to 
the  Natchez,  to  settle  ;  and  such  is  the  encouragement  to  people  who  will 
sctUc  in  the  Spanish  Territory  that  a  thousand  acres  of  rich  land  is  given 
to  cvcr^"  person  —  1  have  known  six  thousand  acres  given  to  one  man  — 
in  order  to  encourage  the  culture  of  tobacco.  The  King  of  Spain  allows 
ten  silver  dollars  p'c*  for  tobacco,  which  is  received  at  the  King's  Treas- 
ury at  New  Orleans. 

The  inhabitants  also  complain  of  the  traders  from  Michilimakinac 
and  Detroit,  that  they  should  he  suffered  to  remain  in  their  villages,  and 
engross  all  the  fur  trade  and  country  belonging  to  the  United  States,  to 
the  great  injury  of  .'\merican  subjects.  The  Inhabitants  arc  of  opinion 
that  nothing  but  a  government  will  check  their  practises  of  setting  the 
savages  upon  them. 

'  lor  \\iv  movrmcnli  uf  Jowjii  Ptiïrv,  cdihuIi  111.  Hùi.  ColJ«J*oiiJ,  îi..  |M).(«i.,«<  »?  From 
hk  *t«tcincDt  ibuTc  il  mnijd  wem  he  imuirml  m  KnakjukU  from  JcDturjr  lui  June  «ud  inuit  tbnr. 


Ian  have  awbicd  the  ptnjie  in  driving  oui  loha  D< 
Mutim  June  5.  'litis  accoiuib  lor  Uad<e  ■  pcn- 
burlrv  Cdonâ  H^aaat  also,  fof  Ae  latitr  itHim: 


Bitd  io  reviTinf  their  cowl.  wÛdi  Md  îkfaM 
aJ  hoBiility  to  PaAiT.  with  which  be  wu  «fate  (o 
.     .  There  haw  been  MfTipfntpoMeni  Wot»  Coopw», 

partlculflirly  onp  Partrr,  n  «hinitig  ciwitig  Mwhodi»!,  >  kind  oiMKruU  in  Goïrmor,  Hf  I»  lllruiu<i|r 
unpipuloP  ■!  Kniltjiriiiii  »nd  dr^pît-rl  l.y  iht  InhxhiUntl."  C.C.  Ft.  LtUci  W  H  Km»,  C  L.,  V.  3. 
p,  i9i  iIm  priaicd  in  StdIiIi.  Si  Cinii  Papm,  !l  .  jt 

*The<*Hirr  tM:lili(«i  Iram  Kaskntkh  urrtn)  by  PirhcrUprinitdoalr  p  tSi.anit  (htoiMfama 
CKlifikii  fa  tdI.  ii ,  507.    The  pediiao  (dctrad  M  hne  wv  neva  •col;  at  tâm  bo  renrd  of  It  li  ec 

tanl. 


L 


REVIEW  OF  CONGRESSIONAL  ACTION  411 

There  is  such  a  considerable  trade  carried  on  in  the  lUiooii,  that  a 
sufficient  revenue  might  be  raised  by  laying  a  duty  upon  the  goods  car- 
ried into  that  country,  and  upon  the  fur  carried  out.  The  traders  in 
St.  Louis  and  St.  Genev'ieve,  on  the  other  side  of  the  Mississippi  have 
not  less  than  an  hundred  traders,  who  are  supplied  with  goods  annually 
from  Michilimakiaac  and  Detroit,  and  sent  down  to  Kaskasida  and 
Cabokla,  and  the  Spaniards  come  over  and  purchase  thera.  Each  trader 
purchases,  on  an  average,  from  thirty  to  forty  tliousand  livres  annually, 
which  is  six  thousand  dollars.  The  traders  of  St.  Louis  and  St.  Genevieve 
have  often  told  me,  if  AmericaiLS  would  supply  them  with  goods  at  Kas- 
kaskia  &  Cabokia  they  would  give  tlietn  tlie  prcference,  and  idlow  itiem 
125  p'  ct  advance  on  the  sterling  cost.  You  will  easily  [icrceive  the 
revenue  that  might  be  raised  annually  in  that  new  cnuntr)-. 

I  am,  Sir,  y  hb'=  serv' 

JoS  P.1RKER 

Hon.  Ar.  St.  Gair,  Près*  Congrcits. 


Secretary  or  Cokgrkss  Reviews  Congkessional  Action,  December 

18,  1788. 
[C.  C.  pp.,  II).,  Ka&kaskia  and  Ky.,  clxxx-,  11,] 

Office  of  Secretary  of  Congress 

Deer.  28,1788 

On  the  petition  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskies  and  the  neighbour- 
ing village,  dated  the  10  Novr.  17S4.' 

praying  Congress  to  grant  them  a  power  of  cbosing  magistrates, 
who  shall  hold  their  oÛices  during  good  ix-haviour  — 

ad.  A  Judicature  to  which  there  shall  be  an  appeal  from  the 
Judgment  of  the  Magiatrateii  in  certain  cases.  — 

3d.  To  prevent  the  abuse  arising  from  Individuals  engros.sing 
great  quantities  of  land,  with  a  view  of  selling  them  at  exorbitant  prices  — 

4th.  That  in  case  trtxtps  are  sent  among  tliem,  they  may  nut  be 
exposed  to  the  disonler  titcy  have  heretofore  experienced  from  them, 
but  that  the  Commanding  OSicer  be  obliged  to  apply  to  a  Magistrate 
for  what  he  wants  — 

5lh.  That  the  Officer  sent  among  thera,  may  be  one  who  under- 
stands  their  language  — And  6th.    That,  in  consideration  of  their  losses 

>  The  racmotûl Irocn Cabokia, prtat «I  iniU.  fIia.C*U»ftimt,il,stj. 


412 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLKCTIONS 


by  the  overflowing  of  the  Mississippi  and  the  dread  of  the  savages  by 
which  they  have  been  several  times  compelled  to  abandon  their  habita- 
tions, they  may  be  for  some  years  exempt  from  taxes,  and  that  when  they 
shall  be  obliged  to  pay  them,  they  may  be  allowed  to  choose  from  among 
themselves  persons,  who  taking  cognizance  of  what  each  Individual 
possesses,  may  be  able  to  decide  what  each  ought  to  pay  — 

The  Secretary  of  Congress  reports.  That  in  the  Year  [blank]  the 
French  and  Canadian  Inhabitants,  and  other  Settlers  of  the  Kaskaskies, 
St  \'incent5,  and  the  nei^bouring  villages  stipulated  with  General 
Clarke  to  become  Subjects  and  Citizens  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Vir- 
ginia, on  condition  that  their  possessions  and  titles  should  be  con&rmcd 
to  them,  and  that  they  should  be  protected  in  the  enjoyment  of  their 
rights  and  liberties  for  which  purpose  troops  should  be  stationed  there 
to  protect  them  from  the  encroachments  of  the  british  forces  at  Detroit 
or  elsewhere,  unless  the  events  of  the  war  should  render  it  imprac- 
ticable. 

That  the  Legislature  of  Virginia  in  their  Act  of  id.  Jany  1781' 
resolved  that  they  would  ycild  [sk]  to  the  Congress  of  tlit-  United  States 
fur  the  benefit  uf  the  said  States  all  right,  title  and  claim,  which  the  said 
Commonwealth  had  to  the  lands  northwest  of  the  River  Ohio  on  cer- 
tain conditions  —  the  3d.  of  which  was,  "That  the  french  and  Canadian 
Inhabitants  and  other  settlers  at  the  Kaskaskies,  St  Vincent,  and  the 
neighbouring  Villages  who  have  professed  themselves  citizens  of  Vir- 
ginia, should  have  their  possessions  and  rights  conlirmcd  to  them,  and 
should  be  protected  in  the  enjoyment  ol  their  rights  and  liberties,  for 
which  purpose  troops  should  be  stationed  there  at  the  charge  of  United 
States  to  protect  them  from  the  encroachments  of  the  British  forces  at 
Detroit,  or  elsewhere,  unless  the  events  of  the  war  stiould  render  it 
impracticable." — With  respect  to  this  condition  Congress  agreed  on 
the  13th.  Sept.  1783.  That  the  settlers  before  described  should  have 
their  possessions  and  titles  confirmed  to  them,  and  be  protected  in  the 
enjoyments  of  their  rights  and  liberties. 

That  in  consequence  of  these  previous  stipulations  of  the  Delegates 
of  the  Commonwealth  pursuant  to  an  Act  of  the  legislature  of  that 
State,  did  on  the  ist.  of  March  1784'  execute  a  deed  conveying  to  the 
United  States  in  Congress  assembled  all  the  right  of  that  Commonwealth 


REVIEW  OF  CONGRESStONAL  ACTION 


413 


to  the  territory  North  westward  of  the  Ohio  on  the  terms  and  condition» 
contained  in  the  before  mentioned  Act  of  Congress  of  13th.  Sept.  1783  — 
which  deed  was  accepted  and  ordered  to  be  recorded  and  carolled  among 
the  Acts  of  Congress. 

The  Secretary  farther  reports  — 

That  in  November  1784  Mr.  Carboncaux*  presented  to  Congress 
a  memorial  in  behalf  of  the  sd  Settlers  and  Inhabitants,  in  conseqtience 
of  which  Congress  on  the  at&t.  Feby  1785*  resolved  that  one  or  more 
CommissioDcrs  be  appointed  to  repair  to  the  Kaskaskies  and  Illinois 
settlements,  and  afterwards  on  the  istb.  June  1785,'  they  passed  an  Act, 
whereby  the  Commissioners  for  treating  with  the  western  Indians  were 
ordered  to  endeavour  to  obtain  from  tl]e  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskics, 
St  Vincents  and  others  a  Statement  of  their  rights  to  lands  within  the 
sd.  Country  guarantied  to  them  by  Congress  in  their  acceptance  of  the 
Virginia  Cession,  with  the  origin  and  extent  thereof  and  to  administer 
to  the  said  Inhabitants  an  Oath  of  AUcgiancc  in  terms  prescribed  in  the 
said  Act  —  Thai  on  the  29th.  of  the  said  Month  of  June*  Congress 
repealed  so  much  of  the  Act  of  the  i5lh.  as  required  the  Commissioners 
to  obtain  from  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskics  St  Vincents  and  others 
a  statement  of  their  rights  to  lands  and  to  administer  an  Oath  to  the 
said  Inhabitants. 

— That  the  Act  of  21st.  Feby.  last  stands  unrepealed,  and  the  ap- 
pointment of  one  or  more  Commissioners  to  repair  to  the  Kaskaskics, 
continues  an  order  of  the  day,  and  that  there  Î3  now  before  Congress  a 
report  of  a  Committee  on  the  powers  and  instructions  to  be  given  to  the 
said  Commissioners." 

On  this  state  of  facts  the  Secretary  of  Congress  submits,  That  a 
day  be  assigned  for  the  consideration  of  the  report  of  the  Committee 
on  the  powers  and  Instructions  to  be  given  to  the  Commissioner  or 
Commissioners  to  be  appointed  to  proceed  to  the  Kaskaskies  and 
IlUoois  settlements  — 

<  See  Mir,  p.  36Q.  for  munorlal  of  D«clnbcf  S,  tjt*. 

'Sccdnw,  p.jro. 

■  jMmaU  «J  Cmgrtu,  s^  Ml. 

•/W.,i.tM. 

>Sc*MW,  Ki.3ji,jg9. 


4U 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Census  or  Kaskaskia,  1787. 

[C.  C,  111.,  KaskAilua  had  Ky.,  xlvJii.,  181.] 
Lisle  des  habitons  français  du  village  des  kaskaïUiias. 


I  Nicholas  Janis  père' 

3  ftançoK  Janis 

3  antoioe  Janis 

4  Joseph  Ciiarlcvîlle* 

5  J.  Btc  charlc\HlIc 

6  Louis  Charicviltc 

7  Jacques  devignais" 

8  Joseph  Dcvifçnais 

9  J  Bte.  Creilly  père* 

10  j.  Ble  creilly  fils 

11  ...  .creilly  61s 

la  Niehs.  Lâchant  phtt^ 

13  Antoine  Lachanse 

14  Gabriel  I,achaDse 


»5 

16 

18 

ï9 
20 
II 

3J 
34 
»5 
26 
7J 
28 


françois  Lachanse 
Joseph  Lachanse 
Michel  Lachanse 
Charles  Lachanse 
Benjamin  Lachanse 
Jerome  Dany  Père' 
Michel  Dany  fils 
J.  Btc  Delisic  père' 
J.BtcDelisIem» 
Andrtf  Dclisle 
Louis  Dclisle  Père 
Louis  Dclisle,  fus 
Etienne  Delisle 
St.  James  Bauvaîs  père* 


>  Tbi*  ccnsu*  mi  drawn  up  for  iW  urn  ol  Tardhmtu. 
SMlf,  n  18,  n.  «, 

twotlMenUEa'TricircuHt  Htlacfe.    ThckinU)'  dI  V'ttaui-iii  dit  Cliaricrillcw&tiii  K&skukU  uorijiu 

S  17,  l«  on  September  H  <rf  dut  ]«tilmii  CbkuWii  tiigncij  1  contract  u(  inkFrû(«iritb  Affici  L^Cnit. 
c  mm  t4  ibc  ttmif.  Jeu  lUc..  CatrU».  *od  l-'rancfti»,  «ho  «en  ivoaaliMOI  duriu  tlw  \VbId1* 
pal(Klw9C«auo[JaHiACIwinriiiwbo4le(liniTTK.Btclio(«boaiwut<«cu<l|gibcpsdtlMaf]uMit( 
olpcsoc.    Clutla  WBS  apUia  ol  Ihe  KAikuklaCnmfMtrlhil  tmttoVfacrancB.    K.USS.—  Mui- 

■     -  -    ■         ■-  '   *  ■ *•  "■  niwet\Hia.0fuitmtri. 

l^dcroutc.    'llxa  àtaghla  Thartc  id««d 
, .  .  :»f.    K.USS  —  MarriittCPoIrtai. 

*  A  Josrpb  Crrillj'.  of  Crdir,  Bon  ol  Jna  Btc  ini]  Marir  Anilr  (widow),  sucan]  inutiaf*  coMncl 
«ilh  M«m  Louiw  MarquU,  Mnv  iH,  trbfl.  A  )tAD  Btc.  Creilly  naigratM  from  KudulU  lo  flwi»- 
MDt,  Mu-,  In  ij**.     Ilouck.  Iliil.e}  Uiiiimri.U  .fi;. 

•  NiooU*  CaJJloI  d^  L«cbuic:_  He  i>U>m1  >n  linpûfUat  VU\ In  UIlBol» durïai  liiU  |<rri>jd.  »  «7 

■r«nd  |piMimir«fdkri»tfoi 


>cmi.  *t  S'cw  Bomboo. 


b*  >MB  ky  oolHUllina  ibe  Inda.     De  «ui  nice  «Iccled  M  ibs  I 

ÈDlaa  Do^  dudnf  hU  wcoidaicr.    Hc  k!i  KukAikià  u  tntif  wtUi  I 
[auck.  Iful.  olMifivuti,  î..  366. 

■  Mrmixn  ni  Cht  fimllr  m  Dula  «ne  In  Kukultù  u  uriy  u  1  iij.  The  dooenl  «f  tbcM  hw 
nM]'  lie  alicnini  u  Itittcm:  Cluria  m. — 11),  tud  ion  Michel,  vhu  inaiTlad  Mârlv  Barbv  FWel  (mu- 
lUsc Momcc. April  .■!>,  1 74O :  Ibàr  cUtons l'bvtM  oa.  Al«ah  bumb, a daushUr  m.  Anialor  Blni' 
*mu,  Charl».  JoHph,  hlickrl  m.  Elinltelb  Bknvcnu  (ananbfi  Goniimct, Ft^niary  s,  itSi).  Iraoc 
m.  IVUiIï  Don  (nurruiic  canimcl.  FcteUBty  4i  t}8«}. 

T  Ttiefull  umrol  Itio  (imUr  ■rrins  la  ban  MCD  ftUinrtini  doUfla. 

1  BiUTti*  m  St  Jnnear  St.  Ucmite^  llib  wmmh  odlwimllhial  &nd  moil  iibptvUnl  bnUBs 
la  lûukaïkia.  Tht  mnnbm  t>\  ihr  family  «f  Al*  llnw  wtr*  dMcmdnl  irwB  jAcquci  B*ilv»lt  «to 
«nitratvd  I0  Cuuda  la  i6s>.  In  171^  Jrao  Btc.  and  Ruptud  IlaunU  anir  tu  Xiikukia  Thë 
4(Mn4wBii  oF  ibe  (unner  ue  «Iwwo  in  tbp  foltawini  Ubk  drawn  Irom  ihc  nunûiM  cmotncU  ni 
ibtJT  V5LS 

Jr«n  Rw,  BaunU.  m.  Louin  LaGralx,  i]i;, 


Sapted 
m.  CbUtcrine 

AUi^bMh 
doad  ID  itS6 


Chulc* 


I 
Anlnlee 


rra&coiM 
GuicUs 


\'iul 


J«aD  lllc 


oau 


I 


Alcd*       diuihier 


■u^bicr 
iiu  CIL  m. 

T.Bw.Thauinnt  ThstM     M.  LovH 
dU  Ijuoattx        Dinî»       Gtnniin 
(M>r.  Coatnct 
Nm   ri.  17M} 


Muiï  Jnmit      Huk 
I"  m.  LobIn 

MwlcThtNM  Rm^Uupub         m. 
Bouctar  ds  pM 

^^_^^_         Meabmade  Ftwiil^mii 

^    ^  hSgudny 

Th«M  <«M  C««« 
,„,      Jaa.  ig,  1774 

M.  Attloin* 

CiittAtr 

(Hju.  CoDirMl 

No*.  14,  I77B) 


CENSUS  OF  KASKASKIA,  1787 


41S 


39  Raphael  Bauvats  49  tgmur 

30  Vital  Bauvais  50  BazDe  Alary 

3t  Barihy.  Bauvais  51  J  Bte.  Alary 

32  Jos.  Marie  Bauvais  52  Louis  LoDval  Pfere" 

33  Antoine  Bauvais  53  Louis  Loiival  fils 

34  Jos,  Baugy  père'  54  Jœ.  Lonval 

35  Jos.  Baugy  61s  55  Jos.  Lonval 

36  Charles  Baugy  56  Bazilc  Larhapclle" 

37  J.  Etc.  dearuisseaux"'  57  Antoine  IjichaptUc 
$8  frs.  Dcsruisscaux  58  J.  Btc.  Lachapcllc 

39  Jos.  Desruisseaux  59  Jos,  Lachapclle 

40  BUizc  toulouxc  i>ère"  60  Louis  Lachapelle 

41  Noel  toulouzc  61  J.  Btc.  Lasource  tomur 
43  frans.  toulouzc  6a  Ch.  RolMn'* 

43  Henry  loulouze  63  frs.  Dcsrousscs" 

44  toulouzc  64  Philipc  Dosrousscs 

45  J.  Bte.  lomiir  Pere"  65  Jerome  Dcsrousscs 

46  J  fite  toiDur  Ills  66  Stauislaii  Lcvasiteur^' 

47  tomur  67  Nis.  Levusseur 

48  tomur  68  Victor  Lcvasscuf 

At  ibe  ilmc  of  n.i[i't  occuintlon  ol  Kaskutia,  ftit>h*el  and  Ourloi  wire  raltJenti  d[  N*w 
OrieuM.  Tlw  BauviU  !unil$  wu  di>(  «duoIoI  ununt  Uw*c  r*ror«l>l«  In  the  AnKviao  came.  Pot 
BMDe  nuni  no  icprt^oiuiliv  at  lUc  UnAly  wu  d(ct«d  at  ih*  Ami  rimlxn  ol  Fudps,  bul  that  wm 
caneclcdfallhMctiiniMciiJiin.iltnirhuliu  mnnbrr^Ihcbmilv  vr«idJi'a>'«in  theini(ittrBcr-  The 
Uiuwn  familï  hdil  i>n  !•>  ihdr  pnMe*tbns  b  Ksitultii  as  long  a*  ixMJUt,  but  finaltf  like  (bitir  m- 
socUlrt  llicy  «ere  diivcn  to  iht  Siianëdi  udc  '["hHr  dcscradanharelivintto-iltv  in  ^'r.  (Vnevtcn. 
Tb(  Rica  of  (tils  |>rrl.>d  il«*>ii  wrmc  Biuivu,  not  Bnunii.  MarguMiiv,  ihewift  of  TbomuBcat- 
le;,  wu  t'ob'lily  ihc  iLughier  of  llwiirvl  Jniia  Sapiiiip. 

*Thcancntoio(  the  Uau^  bmllmmi:  taCAïuda  from  France  tbout  i6to.  Jotepb  Bauer  waa 
hU  grtal  fTBndion.  He  irnmnl  litaric  PUijr  or  riujJ*»)!  «I  KiukniUii,  IjSB.  (Sec  below  D,  ji)  lie 
wrm  to  .\rlLiiuai  «lirr«  ihr  Hhuet  triiiae  poii  «as  Mon  wril  known.  He  Icjl  »rv«fat  toM.  The 
elilnl,  JrMtph   iir.is  «luiaiciJ  it  New  OflcAiw,  rna.rT(«J,  in  i&oj.  B>Lt>ie  BatlTaii,  and  Wa»  the  (aihct  of 

Sailor  ViiaJ  IJaugy.    N'jti-s  by  U.  Sulie. 

■*  The  lamiljr  Dame  wa*  IWlieri^'l  D^aniùamu. 

"  Protnlily  ih»  («mlly  i.(  [lanuxin. 

■*  Family  name  Ittiumur  or  Tauiner  ^il  Laxmrce.    Couuh  Index. 

"  tamitf  name  I*'<ifiri1  rfif  Ixmgni.  HuncLima  wriltca  Nonral.  TTw  family  prodneod  sevtraJ 
braoui  InHTpfrieti  and  lr>d«a. 

"  Huile  Jinat  dit  Lo^hapdle  ira-t  >.«irn  In  1741.  married,  m^Ti  Marin  Elifxlidlk  Choquct,  tdl 
theblaoil  ul  Mi>mml  alipr  1770,  wlih  Jiiitnlc  aadMn  Itaailraml  wcnKo  Kukxtkia, 

**  A  CliaTit»  Kobln,  bora  at  Si.  ThooMa,  Canada,  in  (7^>  mwiled  Marie  Anna  Rajr,  dkd  at  Ka»- 
kaikb, JimeS.  1779.    Theilnve  U  |«'oliabl]' bla Mm. 

•0  A  Francois  Dtxraoiia  M  St.  flffre  Burrled  Blarte  Jowpble  Ttirpiii,  and  had  tbe  lollnwini 
cliildmi:  Michrl.  TO,  Tlicrtio  Dercisiuu  (mar.  caotTMl.  Fefacuat*  ic,  i?^?):  Jran  Bic.  m.  Aag«lique 
Kover  (nut.  coniraci,  Aurum  *}.  tïSO:  n  duiitrtar.m.  Jotepb  TlbAuli;  Jaaeph.m,  Marianne  Roy, 
widiTW  ol  Antoine  Thauiniir  (mar.  enninct,  July  jo,  17SC}. 

"  I'he  anmlur  of  Lmttevr  ame  froin  R«uea  to  Caiu4a  id  Ih*  mliJd!»  of  the  «troitetnUi  cen- 
tury, SLinl*liLS  wat  twtn  111  itii.  nurilrd  at  Qurlirc.  in  ijjA.  Frantoli  Dd'uril.  'Iliey  were  tu 
Quebec  la  late  ni  I7(^.  Sumr  time  (hereafter  they  eame  Id  Kailuikii.  Stani«laawudtcÛ4|iIitlce 
Inl-Vlirust)'.  ijd*  JlrlindiHrMlDwbathHilrrn-  N io ilii •  Simeon,  hon  ijéo;  Charlotte, boeniTCj; 
Jf^n  Uie-,  boen  iTTi,  and  buried  at  Ka>iû»kùi.  December  t«,iT3t:  PUrre.wu  buried  in  iyj6:  Nad, 
bom  175T.     Thetora  NIculat  roarricd  TbercMBicnTcnu,  Jaauary  tS,  1764.     Note*  by  Beaj.  Siiltc. 


416 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


69 

fs.  charlcvillc" 

91 

70 

Louis  charlcvillc 

93 

71 

Jos.  cbarleviU« 

93 

72 

charleville 

94 

73 

Me.  Antaye'" 

95 

74 

Vital  Sauvais  Père" 

96 

75 

J05.  Sauvais 

97 

76 

Pierre  Langlois" 

98 

77 

Augustin  Langlois 

99 

78 

André  Langlois 

100 

79 

Antoine  Lan g1  ois 

lOt 

80 

I^uis  Brazcau  père" 

103 

81 

Jos.  Brazeau 

103 

82 

Augustin  Brazrau 

104 

83 

Louis  Brazcau 

'05 

84 

Ns.  Canada  PÈre^ 

lOA 

8S 

Pascal  lasuurcc 

107 

86 

fs.  Canada 

loS 

«7 

Me.  Danis  Pire 

109 

as 

Anlc.  Bienvenu  fils" 

IIO 

Ch.  Dclisle  p^ 
Jos.  DcUslc 
Antoe.  Pelletier  [«[rc] 
Jacque  Gossiaud 
Louis  Gossiaud 
J  Bte.  Lacbanse 
Ante.  Buiat  Père 
Ante.  Buiat  &ls 
Louis  Buiat  &ls 
Antoine  Buiat 
Aimé  Buiat 
Louis  Buiat  Père 
AleJiandre  Lalande** 
Ante.  Morin  Père" 
Ante.  Morin  fils 
Louis  Morin 
Jos  Morin 
J,  Bte.  Morin 
Me.  Morin 
Alexis  Morin 


III     Ante.  Bienrenu  Père 
1 1 3    Henry  Bienvenu 


89  Louis  Ladéroutc" 

90  J.  Blc.  l^déroulc 

"  S*«!  «bovt,  O.    ». 

"  S<c  10.  Bùl.  CWlM»inu,  ii.,  6j*,  n,  ov. 
*  SïT  «boïc.  0,  S. 

£nt  menibcr  lo  «iiùni  iVurjc  du  Rocher  m*  iiiùiiIc^  by  the  Fnnch  commaruliiiit  lioUlirûint-  In  ■ 
dacuniMit  of  Dvoouticr  js,  1740,  n«  Umn  ihal  Ihp  Uiv  F.il*naB  Langlijji  iiuirittl  Xlaric  Caihnmc 
Hntudnu,  a  viJaw,  mnd  had  Ihc  \eltomiati  cbiliirn:  Maûf  Loviie  m.  Titnr  Moubcci  Muric  Jua- 
cliiofin.  LoubPoinJuidstiritcSl.  Miotra;  ToinMi«-,n).  PUfrt  tliiii<lir?d<Miinlire«n*lmr(lBSciuar»yî 
Ftacicoûi  Loiab;  Girard;  Pcrinc;  Aututtc.  Thur  Lui  Titcncrc  minim.  fiotn  other  «mire»  i>  1* 
iRvrntd  iruLl  F.tlrâne  bull  two  br<>lh«n.  AuEuaif.wb'i  tircO  m  IL»ka«kb,  and  Laat».  Wtnl  irialioa 
Ihr  ii'jlHTy  Pituc  lAnilui*  na*  lu  Ihae  la  n<il  aLiiMmil,  Ile  wu  Runk*)  la  Callicrine  Normand 
Labritn,  and  tnil  Kto cbUdron,  pirrrv aod  Maiîï  Luuitp.  ThpIalItrk'gDida  marriact  cocincl  viib 
Pirrir  Ix-Irtivre  iil  \1nc(TDats.  (IcUiImi  9,  17H}.  l'hc  life  (il  Pierre  I^Angtiiù  b  luld  in  Ihr  duciimenl* 
nutïlbhrd  in  ibis  volunr.  Hcdlnl  In  1784,  twd  lifavidow  lookoath  la  (ht  luveslury  «I  tbe  prvpcrtT 
bccrailKT  u.  ni  Ihiil  ran.     K.  USS.—  CmiH  Reafi. 

"SMdMr.p.  19  a.  1. 

'Family  Dame  Enau  Jil  CbdxIb. 

>*Fsmil7mme  Btravanu  dàiDdU».  A  Frsi](>ii>  Tllrnmiu  wa*  ni  nrtrnl!  1»  ijdi.  Od«  of  Ult 
»nru>,  Anininc,  ir»rtiti  at  KaakMkia,  la  17>6,  I-iarainl&c  Kabut.  'Ibdr  chlidr^i  «crc  Fliaalidb,  in. 
Pime  Gdina  dit  La«nin«(riur.  ContreCI.  Oclubrr  ji,  17 m);  nml  Anljilnr,  ni,  Iwicr,  llir  tr<x>ni]  limp 
Id  LquIm  Danh.  Tbc  lem  ol  thia  iaxl  Anlulnr  U  the  .\iiMiac  jUi  ahove.  The  Ulhtf  died  al  Kaa- 
lûilifai  May  II,  ito;.  Tlusr  «te  in  thr  iC.  U.Ï5.  a  numbnuf  papmriialtDgloaquirTpl  btinwii  lli* 
lalbn  and  Nia. 

*>  A  JacquM  Lad<roii(a  wa«  Itillf^lif  ihi>  rodlaiMat  Kaakaakla  oa.  Noraoba*  14,  ift*.  Ile  mar 
have  been  IM  talber  ol  UtcM  two.  The  name  LAdfrouie  beloiuD  lo  Ko  C^nadim  fuofliei.  HùUt 
by  Bri].  Suit*. 

"  A  Jacnna  LalaaJe  wit  io  Ka^^fcla  bcliife  17»- 

C  Aaldlnc  Morin.MMi  ni  Jaoïua  Moiin  and  Tlism*  Itntnineur  ai  Pariih  otSt.  Fnncoii.  Qurtirc 
lifDed  a  oMtrsn  «l  matrlarc.  al  Me.  Ucnrvieve,  wllll  Tb«feie  LubapcUe,  oa  Uny  tA,  ITU.  Ile  wu 
eledad  fnallci  nf  iiraa  in  Vpimbcr,  it8>. 


CENSUS  OF  KASKASKU,  1787 


417 


119 

131 


139 
130 
131 

^33 


Me.  BieDvenu 

timothy  de  Monbrun'" 
Jacques  Chénier  pèrc* 
J  acqs.  Chénier  fils 
fs.  Chénier 
Ch.  Chaiie ville 
Jacques  Morancy* 
Jos.  toulouze  pérc 
Jos.  toulouzc  Bis 
Alexandre  toulouzc 
fs.  Gagnon 
Ante.  Bauvais  pfcrc"' 
.Ante.  Bauvais  fils 
Jû.t.  Bauvais 
Louis  Bauvais 
ADte.  Chénier 
fs.  Corset" 
Jos,  Doïa  Perc" 
Alexis  Dosa 
Jos.  Doza  fils 
Etitnnc  Page** 


134  Louis  Lacroix 

135  Ante.  Pelletier  fils" 

136  René  Soumandc" 

137  Me.  Soumande 

138  J  Ble.  St.  pierre" 

139  Provôt 

140  Antoine  Brisetout 

141  Ns.  Brisetout 
143  Gabl.  Aubuchon* 

143  fs.  Lemicux  Père* 

144  fs.  I>cmicux  tils 

145  LouU  Lcmieux 

146  Amable  Gagner 

147  Jos.  Royer 

148  fs.  Gagner 

149  Louis  Gagner 

150  Chs.  Daoy  pere** 

151  charlcs  Dany  âls 
i$i  Jos.  Dany 

152  Louts  Germain  perc" 

153  J,  Etc.  Germain  fils 


*>$«*  la.  Rill.  CoOMtiimi,  IL,  n.  >,  itnil  cn)«. 

■*  A  tlftude  ClhcnlCT  married  Miric  Loulte  Bnmei.  'nkdrchttdno  wm  Miri«  Lodb*.  n.  JcMcph 
Pmipanol  Cabokiu  (mar.  cmitnt*.  September  B,  1761);  Aninûie,  m.  Thnac  iUuvoIi  (nui.ooamn. 
Novnobci  14,  i;t9}:  Jtctjuc»,  m-  rhercM  Arcbupi  Boucher  dc  Uoabrma  (nur.  cuntncl,  Fcbmâr/ 
Ï»,  [Jill). 

^'E'lie  familr  ol  Bnuch^  4il  Monncj*  hu  been  kt  Qoebec  uul  Uc  d'Oricuu  uaa  Ike  alddic  uf 

IliD  aneiiirmlb  ccslur)', 

"  S«  abovv,  a.  8. 

"Fraiicala  Const  «u  <<Mi«d  tiuUce  !□  ii»i  and  1787-  AKhouili  tfab  bet  UdlnUB  dwl  he 
«M  All  ImpoTunl  nun,  1  turc  bra)  uiuhle  lo  find  mnreahoui  him. 

■  Aceonllu  to  i  «ill  dated  March  j.  1748.  bidcu  Ibe  K.  USS^  Pittrt  Don  «nd  hi*  wUe  Uàt- 
gnrnit  Glcpiar  n*d  lnu  ibiMrrn,  \ut1  jmrph  and  Manurflic.  Th«  dauxlim  ugncd  1  ccuiinci  n( 
tnvrkgc  'ith  J.  Ble.  (iuUliin  un  DcnnnlwT  iS.  iiji,  tiic  «on.  Nod  Icarph.  probably  Ibfl  "JoKph 
An"  M  Ibe  c«nsii>,  marrinl  Jmnlhle  Prildirr.  Their  diDdrvc  ttm:  jMcpli,  m.  CubtrfM  Le«|vil 
(iii*r.«ontiKCl.  June  i.  itHj):  Pelagic,  in.  J  room  Danis(mr.caDtnct.P«bniar7  4,.  tjit);  a.  dRii|t»> 
Icr.  D.  Jobn  WDIIbii». 

"The  biDilr  of  Ttgl  «u  tmuE  *«ttii-d  ai  Kàtkaàii»  «nd  owned  ■  relEI  m  Ibe  eun  but  of  the 
EaikMkIa  Rlrnr.    Tti*f  pnilably  carni  from  Cinaili. 

**  S««  cbovE.  a.  t9. 

«The  Soumandr  family  hu  hent  a  UtoHr  of  MOtc  Imoartancc  In  Cuiadi.  The  ■umwua  ol 
lh«  fiinilv  *re  Cumavillf^  LkAcur,  ukI  Ddonne.  8<nt.  3wte  iMoki  thai  Lh«  abon  mccibn-  of  the 
lamily  «u  a  ftûi  Prantaa  b«m  at  Uonlfcal  la  1736. 

"  Thirlydiffntnt  lunllbkla  Canada  1isv«adftpMl(hen»n*  of  Si.  PlnTr,lmi  *nKb(nT,n  tA. 

*  The  uieettan  of  the  Aubuchoa  [amily  atae  tram  Namttndr  lO'  Canada  In  tfi44.  A  brand),  of 
Ihv  fuiDy  MtilK]  In  Kaikdikbi  -iluring  ihe  Frmch  t((liii«.  Gatirirl  Aubudioa  moved  to  Mlatouii 
Menlbeeoilof  fhccciklurr.     iioLick,  Ithl.ol  Uiuoan.  il. 68. 

■*  TIm  Lamlcux  «PTC  an  old  Canadiui  tamUy. 

'Sm  above,  n.  6. 

*>  See  /iL  0ùt.  C*flirc(H>w.  ».,  Ajo,  a.  Bl. 


4l« 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


154  Louis  Germain  fils 

155  Jacq.  Labniyfere*' 

156  ts.  L&bruyitt 

157  Jos.  St.  pierre 
156    thibaudpère 
J59    fs.  thibaud  âls 

ï6o    J.  Bte.  St.  pierre  i^re** 
161    Alexis  St.  pierre  fils 
163     J08.  Tag^" 
163    Paid  Reaulme  père* 
[64    Pierre  Keaulnie 
16$    Paul  Reaulme 

166    Reaulme 

167    Reaulme 

a  commencer  à  la  rivière  a  Marie 
deux  lieues  au  dessous  de  la 
rivitrc  des  Kaskaskfus  en  suivt. 
les  culcs  just^u'à  uiir  lieue  au 
dessus  des  Calioltias.** 


Jos.  Creilly  fils« 
.-Uexis  Bauvais** 
Jerome  Bauvais 
frs.  Languedoc** 
J.  Bte.  placis" 
Jos.  Placis 
Louis  Placis 
Me.  St  pierre 

thibaud 

Pierre  toulouze 

Gaude  Buiat 

Pierre  Buiat 

Louis  Barroi:^' 

J.  Bte.  Montureuil  père*' 

J.  Bte.  Montureuil  fils 

Montureuil 

J.  Ble.  fitiss 
Rccollcl  Lcvasacur" 


*•  Written  olw  labrUn. 
•"SwbIwïc.  n.  3j. 

**  Rmuim  b  *  &sadkn  and  Ddmil  name.  On  J«niiary  idi,  tf 4.1.  I^kUl  Rotumc  «icndJ  >  c«d- 
mci  fit  muirltg»  wllb  Miu-Ir  LouUe  Luoudr. 

*■  Traniktlco:  Cocnnsiclncai  Ui^rlnr'  A  MarK.'twalawucsbdtm  ibeKutMkla  RiTtruid 
lallmriiit;  the  blu  up  10  a  Icsipe  above  (below  'f)  CktuLk. 

"  Sm  «bon,  n.  4. 

"  S«  ahoï*,  o.  8. 

OACaïuiHin  bmllr  A  wm,  FnD(ob,mabonialQu«b(ebi  17^,  and  li«  hu  not  been  Inonl- 
I^grll&ps  Ottt  nuy  bc  hc  ur  tUa  tau. 

KSttank,  p.  18.  11.  }■  o»  PUiy, 

K  Antoine  Jean  Dut.  Bjirnb, durgron  from  i>Briili  nf  Sc.  NIoiLm  In  nmy.  murrlnl.  in  Muaveal, 

Îlanuary  ii.  i6}j.  «  dauchirr  oi  Frantoi*  I^  Ber.  Ile  kul  ikt  IiiIIuwûue  childnAi  l'bilippc,  irhr» 
l*«d  MOW  limt  Kt  DcmTi  and  «ru  burled  M  KAidumkU.  tvbnury  it,  tjii;  Fraacgii,  bora  at  Lt- 
pfslric,  ifijj.  Ronkd  Uaric  Anne  Stuv.iijc  nnt\  1lvnl  ui  IVirolt;  lein  llic.  Dfnior,  armi  IMU17, 
n.  MMriuneCudlMl,  wMla  Dceroll  ivii-1.1,  nu-i  m  ILuluikLi  m  itji.  «lu»  l»»aM  WBOtatf 
uDin  i;s4.wbrn  hcmaunt  ici  Nnuvdic  Cliirim,  wimr  hrillnl  io  Miifli,  17s;.  rtura  Che aelllaiwiil 
of  bis  eabtie  >te  Ifam  ttui  be  kfi  the  [olIowinK  chUdtm.  TlicrM*.  m- franc ofa  Ldeyn  DuQiomiWÎ 
C-aiticrLng,  m,  tt»e|>h  [>u|uay  PHjilaiiVi  l'i'ir  <J»uj|hi(^  Marie  I^iiiW  nimylng  In  lîSS  Jae{Ji  Baan 
ol  Bcaupnrt,  («niida.  (mar.  oonmfl.  Aunrunt  it.  itUKI:  Rn.iircniur«.  mpiured  hy  ue  Entlbh  to 
■  760;  a  d*uiihi«r.  wMowol  a  Laform^.  liicd  in  Ken  Orlearu,  Mxlelelne,  m-  1.  Ijiub  Mvtn.  3.  Dc 
Pirtowl-.  relate,  m.  in  17)7,  Michrl  Lamb  (mar.  conEtaCI  in  Mo.  IliM.Six(«ty);  Joarph.«l&i«  la 
17C0;  Louit.  a  minor  In  iTÂa;  Franco-is.  n  nLncir  in  r76o.  T)ir  namn  of  la»  nilirt  •uns  arc:  Lnuii, 
^ultl(^M>l  In  Ki^tkU,  July  14.  i;}».  ni>1  llvioj  (n  1760  tTraniiKlianr  oi  III.  Slate  Ki»l.  Sixtttr, 
I V4.  11  39u)  »»nl  Jacqu™,  m.  at  Cahotb  Octolwr  11,  1747,  SuEuine  Rnrcm,  died  alioui  ijjj  Bitliaut 
h<-ir>  (tirai,  Sullca  nnreiV  On  the  nntary  Ramna  mniull.  Alviird,  "Illinois  in  Uic  Cighltooth  Cbb- 
tuiy,"SiJMûiof  ihelll.SuieHi».  Library.  I.  Ko   ■ 

"hriiapahe  bel'mti*  10  tlie  Canadian  family  of  ^IiinUfuil. 

■  Sc«  ■bow.  a.  17. 


CENSUS  OF  PRAIRIK  DU  ROCHER,    1787 

186  Maihurin  Bouvet"  189    DeshMrea'* 

187    Rousseau  190    Hypolite  Laforme" 

188    Lamalice  igi    Manégre 

[Endorsed:]    Liste  des  habitant  dcd  Koskaskias 


419 


Censps  of  Prairie  dd  Roches,  1787. 

[C.  C.  Pp..  III,.  Kaskaskù  a.nd  Ky.,  xlvtil.,  179.] 
Etat  des  habitants  du  village  de  la  prairie  du  rocher  et  leurs  enfant 
malles  ceux  qui  ont  signe  les  mémoires  pour  les  congres" 


1. 

W  barbau  pcrc** 

S- 

jaques  la  sabionîcres 

3. 

M'  Louvicres"^' 

6 

jo.vph  Mendf>rc 

SCS  fils 

7 

£erard  langlots** 

Pierre  louvicrca 

SCS  fils 

antoine  louvîcrcs 

eticnne  langlois 

francois  louvicrcs 

francois  langloîs 

Nofl  louvieres 

charles  langlois 

3- 

M''  barbau  fils 

8. 

aime  Comte  "" 

ses  ûls 

aime  Cumlc  son  fils 

Jean  Lapliste  t>arbau 

Joseph  Comte  sun  neveu 

■André  barbeau 

9. 

francois  tibau 

jaques  bouliliell?]  orphelin 

ses  fils 

4 

jaques  perrien 

francois  tibau 

sva  beaux  fils 

Charles  tibau 

Jean  pierre  allard 

olexis  tibau 

augustin  allard 

benri  tibau 

jeun  bapti&tu  allard 

SCS  beaux  fils 

**A  Dr.  Jmn  Bouvet  liU  Iji  Ctumbrr  oiM  to  Canadi  tiom  Franc*  aboiii  i4to-  A  ^tAihurin 
Bonret  nun-^  uar  M(inlr«il,  Mark  joMiihle  SiMunuxIc.  al»UI  i:,;o.  J'hli  nuy  br  llic  alnivc, 
Atahanilb  Mathnrin  BouwC  pUjrid  ut  impmluit  mrt  diiiini  (h*  Virginia  perbr],  I  hnw  lailnl  En  noir 
hia  aaric  on  dooimmU  of  an  tailltr  diir.  Hr  (htà  al  Artil  al  Si  Philippe,  but  waa  made  civil  and 
<Ttm>i>al  JihIkp  of  KaSikaïkCa  lat  s  thon  lïin*  in  ijÈti.  By  i;q9  br  had  mored  lu  Si.  Chnrln  un  ûvr 
Sianiih  lidT.  «hnr  hc  mnicnl  in  Ihc  tnnmikdurF  o!  ull  Hc  na.*  htcT  t«rned  lu  dciih  by  Ihe 
lodba*.    CcQsull  loâex  ùCiai  ««lune:  Uoudi,  Hiit.  vj  Uinvuri,  il.,  99. 

**.\  l^uù  Dah*t.i«,  icat  ûf  Aulatnr  and  Marin  CliaïWt»  Cfacvalitf.  mw  Ul  loWprrlff  toi 
ihe  liUnois  Rivn  »l  almul  ihE»  itn». 

»  A  CuuditD  aanva  btififijcbu  u  ttrtni  lamflle*. 

■■Tniialalian:  Ccnwaof  lb«  bli«Mlsiit»  of  Prairie  du  Kochrr  and  o(  ilw  male  chadm,  iboac 
w^  ham  aicned  1^  ncnorial*  to  Caagtmi 

»S««  amit.  ]»  tS,  n.  J. 

wLouvItn*  or  t.ouirlcrva-aaelfclRl  iuwicc  toi  tbcTillania  1779  and  «ervsd  the  full  ienn.  Se* 
<mI(,  p  85      ikcoolinuaiJlollvtlallKVilUstafta  )79aaQd«U«pfiobl«(l  «ylnponai»  poMI. 

MS*«  dhW,  p.  4iâ,  n.  11. 

■■  Armé  Cemie  WM  cI(OmI  Jvutce  «f  rnûriedu  Rocher  h  it*i  Ko  mpptiuté  u  lw!B«_la 
itS^i  (c*  «on»  uokmnrn  iraun.     S«  *>Mr.  p.  jsj. 


410 


ILLLVOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


1 

toussaint  barrel 

14. 

gabrtel  decochy* 

L 

augusUn  jivaud 

ses  fils 

^m 

jean  baptiste  givaud 

gabrici  de  cochy 

^^ 

louis  vasstur  son  neveu 

louis  decochy 

■  ... 

pierre  chevallier 

SCS  beaux  fils 

■ 

ses  fils 

georgc  vittmcr 

■ 

andre  cbevallicr 

nicolas  vittmcr 

■ 

Joseph  chevallier 

antoine  Cotino 

louis  meteirer  orphelin 

batiste  Cotino 

II. 

louis  DoiTÈ  joscith  tangue 

»s 

Joseph  terrier 

son  beaufrere 

i6. 

jcon  baptists  janîs  "* 

I  a. 

louis  grillet  [  ?]  dit  laronde 

ses  fils 

louis  grillet  son  &ls 

Jean  baptist  janis 

»3. 

aotoinc  domiogo 

antre  jan  is 

ses  beaux  fils 

francois  tangue 

^ 

pierre  jaqucmin 

or^ihelin 

■ 

Jean  baptista  jaquenùn** 

Simon  toiloD 

Etat  des  habitants  qui  n'ont 

point  signe  les  Mémoires  a  la  prairie 

du  rocher."* 

I. 

Joseph  blay 

michel  duclos 

SCS  51s 

Charles  chevallier  orphelin 

Joseph  blay 

3- 

Joseph  De  celles 

louis  blay 

4- 

francois  Sîmonau 

Antoine  blay 

ses  fils 

chartes  l:>lay 

francois  simonau 

. 

ses  beaux  fils 

antoine  simonau 

P 

louis  vasseur** 

S- 

jaques  degagnier 

ambroise  vosseur 

Jean  bapUste  degagnier 

Joseph  vasseur 

Jean   baptiste  degagnier 

2. 

Joseph  Cochon 

son  fils 

Madame  veuve  duclos 

laurcnt  degagnier  son  fils 

ses  fils 

6. 

pierre  degagnier 

antoine  duclos 

79  en  tout. 

alcxsndrc  duclos 

"  Acsurttinc  lo  HtruiuN  Mi  umc  «U  Giorul  Baptiaia  JiDomint.    Brvu  d«cttd  JusUce  m 
*■  Tbe  Mdï  doiatun  of  this  man  tlul  I  hive  mm  Loaka  u  If  Um  mum  «u  Gaeodiy.  bui  ii  h 


pMbaUy  ^na  tantôt  Iikc. 


..  !  wu  llw!  «on  of  Nicalu  Janii  (m<  anU,  p.  iB.  n. 
■ppahil«d  «nuign  In  Ihi-  IllinuU  rc^mtnl^bjr  Cl&rli    bckI   »«v 

eighi  chQdm. 


uid  «ni  born  in  17»,    Ht  was 
the  VIncBien   oimpalpi. 


territa.  were  fuitioilarly  pinHnj  hy  Clark.    His  wife  was  René  Jialu  lUrimii.  Uj  rbam  or  had 
Mr  linally  mimnl  tn  Sir.  Ortitvtn*.  Mu.     Htiuck,  tfii\ 


•>(  */  Uiiiruri,  I ,  JJ4.  a.  4j. 

**  TnulaLiiin;    Liii  ol  inhaliiUnli  who  di4  not  iign  the  nwmoriaJi  al  Pnïrir  du  Rocbrr. 
**  S«c  oMf,  p.  4><;,  n,  17. 


A 


UST  OF  AMERICANS  IN  ILLINOIS,   T787 


431 


List  of  Americans  ts  iLLtsois,  September  7,  1787. 

tC.  C.  Pp.,  Ill,,  KaskasUa  and  Ky-,  xlvlii.,  177.I 
Second  list  amounting  to  97. 
A  list  of  the  Inhabitanc  [iic]  of  the  niinoisc  Sqitr. 
7tb.  1787  ' 


Mens  Names.  Ann".  1779 
ShadrickBond' 
David  Guise 
La  ton  White 
Josiah  Ryan' 

Men  1780 

Nicholas  Smith  * 
James  Piggot* 
Jacob  Gratt' 
George  Hendrick 
Charles  Wood^ 
Robert  Craightoa 
Larkin  Reathcrfoard  ' 


Children  1780 
William  Piggot 
Le\*i  Piggot 
James  Piggot 
Joseph  Piggot 
Timothy  Bclew 
William  Gratt 
John  Gratt 
John  Allison' 
Joseph  Allison 

Men  1 781 


James  Moore  ** 
William  Biggs" 

■  For  Aiiciihcr  llHt  ot  AnKTicani,  im  /«iI,  p.  443,    Thl*  Ibl  wu  nude  br  1  wdJTcM  lor  lue  Ln  kb 

pMltliiiui  tn  Conifitu.  A  cumiiariKiii  erf  itui  ceouw  «llh  Ihp  nrïoui  lUl*  ol  wllltn  in  RcyoiJcb' 
Pianitr  UtOary  •>/  lUmtii  I  DtllrvLIk,  iRji]  It  bwttaUe.  Ifae  raull  \a  not  very  l*n>rxble  tu  Kcyaoldh 
wtiii  »  nltcn.  mUtikm  in  hû  dales  aod  lieqUEDlly  in  pcnoiu.     On  noai  ul  the  Ibti  at  Amcticini  do 

thr  l<>l1oviny|iunui«,)]iMu:  R«batWUuMMl<H«raal(to,  MoJilUddlp.  iii).Wra.Mu(ick<i>.  im) 
"ihr  (iiM  u:liii.i(mutec  John  S«el«)r  and  the  Iriibadioglniasln  I)allj)cna]'<i).  i»),  Jaina  Andrcwi. 
Jaici.li  Whiir.  and  Sanuri  McOiDs,  irliQ  wire  killed  b;  Ihc  likdkns  Id  ijSâ  (p.  iijV  Tlids  li  nol 
eondutive  pttxA  ihti  Ui<w  fikq  were  OM  In  Illlaob,  Ic*  «tbn  mco,  who  an  koavn  la  luvc  l;«ca  in 
the  ownUT  uc  ixoi  rocntiiiiicd.  but  fraa  Um  foct,  Ufcm  in  oonncclion  with  Ihc  othrr  Dumnoui  nia- 
Cftkc*.  it  ta  «vMmu  tlHi  lUrnxildi'  Manmaatt  mw  be  uonud  with  imt  autioi. 

'Undeof  Gtrrrrnor  Dotid.  In  hli  iBUimnnv  Wnre  Ihc  Cniirl  (n  n  Irtal,  Aujiut.  tîSi.hemid  hf 
wu  abotil  Ihirlv  ;c«rii  of  njcr,  «ma  nalitv  ai  ViritinLi,  and  i  labora-;  (liitl  he  bad  cuinc  [o  DHnol* 
vith  Cdoocl  CLuk  aad  uncc  his  ■li%c)u>ri|r  lud  Ixrii  irinkliii  li»  tht  inFiiibitnnls.  IMa)r  Allmson, 
"ATrÛSwwtaKa*ka*kkln  i?»","  rmwiufj™»/)!  Ill  SuiIpHbi  Society.  tvHt.v-  lin^  H«w» 
oltai  «iertwl  to  the  ItgblaCuie  ol  th'T  Nortltwnl  icniiiiirr  Jind  thr  lirrriiarii  oi  Iniluna  and  inu  bI  oqc 
tiBMtitttlnMlbeCinirt  of  CamrnonPlnuiolSi.  CUir  Co.  {Rrynotds.  iN«*<vr //ui.  ef /Uiai4i.  90.> 
Kcjmiddi  sar*  hr  canu:  Id  IltiBOU  in  1781  (p.  B^V 

>Id  Dfcnnbrr,  1789,  lu)  wa»  llvloj^  at  "EirI*  River."    /U  fîûf.  CaUKfïn»,  it.,  4^. 

•  Nlcholu  Smith  «TU  one  ol  th«  mm.  ptomlsat  ohb  at  BdlcCoatalM.    In  >;83  hi  «u  dcclMl 

telit.t^^^  the  pBi(c  (moialf,  p.  ygS^aaAn  itSj  be  look  oath  Tor  UwaaneoRiceiil  C.noA  Ruitietu 
on:  the  Catuhia  Cuuri .     /U.  // U.  CrilafJtou.  U,  JAf,  MMOk  «I»  lodcS. 

■  JaiDt»  PIsioU.    Sec  blog.  ook  Ed  vol.il,  igoy  n.  I. 

•  Thii  muu  be  Jacob  Ctodi.    Sra  vol .  U.,  lodoc 

'  Rrceind  craul  <A  iiind  at  Uraod  HuiiMavlramCtlwkljiCowl  ea  UanJi  1,  1786.    5m  rol.  u, 

•  Kcruridi  layt  (p.  Sp)  thai  tc  came  lo  Itlinob  in  irSt  and  waa  one  of  Clark'a  aoldien- 
'  Pntumably  dtildtn  of  Julm  Allivrn.     Sec  vol.  ii.,  jii.  ^17.  517- 


Brynuli 


U  larnei  Moore  «aa  the  Irader  a\  ihe  Aiticricaiu  who  wltlnl  ii[  DrllrionutiiP.    (See  eialr,  p.  fod.) 
/noldfl  wn  ([).  oo)  Hut  h<  ante  from  UaivUnd,  and  thsii  he  «nu  eoiptoked  \y>  Cabrid  Cerrl  to 
irailc  with  ihr  Indians  In  TtmncM**.    He  died  In  178a.    (S«  ml.  il,  ^9.)    Several  ol  hU  cUIdran 
movrd  tikMLuouri-    llouck.  BUt.  a}  Ue.,  Indea. 

l>  There  i>  a  biogniiihknl  slte«ch  of  Wtlllim  Blni  In  Reynolcb.  Piown  Hit!..  >U.  H  Hf. 


^^^^^^«^^^^imNOI^ISTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS                    ^^| 

^^^^^B                  John  Valier 

Chartes  Walts                      ^^^| 

^^^^^H                  John  Moore 

Beltadiar^r  Bra&beis           ^^^| 

^^^^^1                   Gcorgt-  Wavie 

^^H 

^^^^^H                  Benjamin  Byrun  '* 

Mens  1783                 ^^^1 

^^^^^B                  Samuel  Gairittton  ^ 

John  Farral                            ^^^H 

^^^^^1                  Benjamin 

James  Marshel                    ^^^H 

^^^^^H                    Ëlùba  V'annalâon 

William  Dove                        ^^^H 

Thomas  Winn                      ^^^H 

^^^^^^^K                  Children  1781 

Jobn  Sulcvcn  "                    ^^^| 

^^^^^^^H           William  Moore 

^^^1 

^^^^^^^H          James  Muore 

Children  1783                ^^^| 

^^^^^^^V          Enoch  Moore 

John  Sulcvcn                       ^^^H 

^^^^^r                 Milton  Moore 

^^^1 

^^^^^                     James  Oarrittson 

Men  1784                 ^^^H 

^^H                          Hardy  VN^arc 

Alexander  Dcmiies               ^^^H 

^^H                        Samuel  Guise 

Elijah  Smith                         ^^^| 

^^H                        Uonîel  Kajicr 

Thomas  Morgin                   ^^^^ 

^^H                        SolumoQ  Guise 

^^^H 

^^H                        Joha  Byrua 

Men  1785                   ^^^1 

^^H                        Joseph  Byrun 

Mason  Lunefoard                ^^^H 

Rolwrt  Reddick                   ^^H 

^^H                            Men  Anno  1783 

William  Shaney                   ^^^H 

^^M                        John  WutLs 

Ephrîm  Story                      ^^^H 

^^M                        Ro\Kn  Watts'* 

Joseph  Ogie                        ^^^^| 

^^H                        Tobias  Brashcrs 

Joseph  \N'orlcy                     ^^^H 

^^H                        William  Gglesliay 

George  Bi^gs                       ^^^H 

^^H                           Dutiii;!  Kults 

James  Henderson                  ^^^H 

^^H                        Peler  Zipp 

Benjamin  Ogle                    ^^^H 

^^M                            Children  1782 

Children  1785                ^^^| 

^^H                        John  Dcnscy 

Joseph  Oglc                         m^^l 

^^^^1                                 11  tn  hli  imioiaiii  Mon  thr  Cmlrl  <n  a  (rijJ,  itAi,  Bmjimia  Rjrrun  uU  thaï  hc  «u  twenlj-        ^H 

^^^^1                          ci(li[  f€tn  utd.  niiiJ  wu»  ■  oalire  <,il  New  Cuitlr  IPenniyliràau/l  and  a  pr<ilc«C±ibt.     Ue  «m  a  bilor        ^^ 

^^^^H                          bf  IrMC  uui  hivl  liTfd  in  Kukukin  lincv  ■prinu      WVirn  naknl  liir  lil^  iiuspott.  ht  nulil  ooIt  ttum 

^^^H                          ha  dilctwrn  friKH  Ibr  service  uid  an  <ulh  >>l  liildli/ 
^^^^1                          Katkukbm  1781,"  Tf-immlieni  ol  Ul.  Sluif  tliit.  So 

i.lien.1  f.*l  INil,     AllJiut)ii,"Tiâl3Mneln 

cicty,  t^oO.  p  lOj.                                                             ^^J 

^^^^1                              B  StBmd  GanblK»  wu  killed  by  tint  fodûiu  in 

etSS.  Reynijdi,  p.  mj.                                        ^H 

^^^H                                 U  Bk^  note  on  Robert  Wiiu  in  toI.  îi .  iSS.  a.  i 

:  H*  al»  p.  jflï.                                                ^^^M 

^^^H                                 U  John  Puni  *H  killrd  by  ibr  Indliuu  in  i;8« 

Rcynuld»,  1*4.                                        ^^^^H 

^^^f                                  u  Pu^My  Cspuin  John  Sullivan,  one  of  Claik'9 

i  officov                                                           ^^^^^^1 

^                                    l' Tbe  9ni  mcinb«r of  ibb  [&mll}',  tluiluibMiicci)Uplaiai»faithraniMltarT1llnaû,ia«nileber«.       ^H 

LIST  OP  AMERICANS  IN   ILLINOIS,  1787 


433 


Jacob  Ogte 
John  Worlcy 
Joseph  Worlcy 

Men  1786 
Isaac  West  " 
John  Sloughtcr" 
George  Atichison" 
MichdHuff" 
Thomas  Biggs 
William  Mmrcy  " 
Lawrence  Hurd 
David  Waddle  ° 
Samuel  Morrison  " 
Isaac  Waddle 
Daniel  Finane 
Bameby  Mr.  Clanncn 
Robert  Seybold 
Peter  Casterland 
[Ertdorscmcnl:]     Tottle  Mens  Names  62 


William  Balcy 
Isaac  Chalfin 
William  Chalfin 
William  How€ 
James  Mc.  Robcrti 
Henry  Mc,  Glougblen. 
John  Peters 
Franses  Clark  " 
John£oa  AmbersoQ 

Children  1786 
Alexander  Atlchcson 
Oeorgc  Attcbeson 
Michel  AttcheaoD 
Amos  Chalfin 
Jese  Waddle 
AUcxander  Waddle 
David  Waddle 
James  Waddle 
Tottle  Childrcns  Names  35 


»>S«  rol.  fl  .  '93. 

■>Ua«  Qf  CLuk's  tddlcn,  EniLUhi  CMfuui,  ii..  lo&i. 

■Kc);noldaGatbhiini>ncE>l(ln(k'a>uI(Ilcn.  but  lib  tiatnc  linol  uokoj  of  ibelbl*.  (S«c  Eai^bb, 
C><M««I,  ii,,  Io6tO  H«  wu  in  tras  ludxe  d  ibe  Court  uf  Ctuninoa  E'lni  and  Quottcr  Scsûotit  u 
St.  CUh  Co.  Majr  AJlinHO.  "Covtriimcot  of  llllnais,  1700-1799."  In  Tramatiùmi  ul  Iho  111.  H[sl. 
SocUir.  1907.  p.  190. 

"  MicbrI  Hull  cam»  tnrni  MuniingBhrLi  Co.,  Pa.  In  (he  joumcy  to  TTIIncib  Mri.  llufl  uuj  oD* 
of  hi*  «WpMn*  «ere  killed  lij  the  Lndiist.     Latct  lIuS  mtf  tbe  ume  Ute.    RtrtMJ^  iti- 

^See  snw,  p.  7,  n.  1. 

"Kiryiioldiatli  hlmmioldifl-uDdcTCliuk.but  hUoiiBoitaotoDRnyvfOufc'dbt*.    Eoiliih, 

CfH^Mtt,  tl-,  106]. 

••  fhaïphïrn  uiiablF(odclmniiieIhcrdai:toii(rftbi*Saniud  tolhrlJifMorrisoD  lirolhcra.  On« 
of  tht  younco  brulhin  wu  luunal  Sumurl.  but  hr  dJd  nul  conic  lu  Iltinoiï  unlil  ■S07,  Krynolds. 
13J 

'  Reysolib  (p.  ui)  calh  him  *  tchool  tacher  who  aroe  rci  Ullnnii  iIwm  nan  eulkr  (bui  ihe 
ifatr  f  [*«ii  bne.    Scvcnl  nIaecK»  Id  bin  will  be  fwnd  ld  (be  Cabokia  RmmxI*  CoJIattinu,  ii., 

Indu. 


CHAPTER   XII 

THE  COMING  OF  COLONEL  HAK&fAK    AS    TOLD    BY    A    SMALL 
FACTION  OF  THE   FRENCH.   AUGUST,   1787 

FATHKR   np.   LA   VAUNTiRE   WRITES  OP    JOHN    DODCE  — IÎIS   ACCOUÎfT  Of 

Tahi>ivi:au  and  Hahmar  — A  Picttri:  op  toe  Tyranny  or  Dodge 
—  MADA3t£  Bentlky  PtriTioNs  CoNcs£Ss  —  Lajjglois  Wehes  Co»- 

CEKNtNO  TaKDIVEAU'S  MISSION. 


Fateieb  de  la  Vaunière  Writes  of  Johx  Dodge,  August  25, 1787. 
(C.  C  Pp..  lil.,  Kaskukia  and  Ky..  xlxiti.,  19.—  A.  L.  S.] 

1st.  byduplicsta.' 
CH.  Thomson 

sccrcty.  of  the  Hon.  Congress. 
SiK, 

After  the  honour  of  your's  dated  Aug.  a.(.  1786  brought  here  by  Mr, 
Parker,  to  which  we  have  answered  in  thanking  the  Hon!.  Congress,  by 
the  same  Mr.  Parker  and  Mr.  Jones,  we  have  been  exposed  to  many 
troubles,* 

As  sE  is  very  long  (hat  the  present  country  doth  gemit  under  the  op- 
pression We  can  but  receive  gladety  whatsoever  may  come  us  under 
the  auguste  name  of  your  boni.  as:>emblée.* 

Now  you  may  judge  by  the  included  papers  liow  great  bas  L>een  and 
is  still  our  oppression.*  The  paper  here  included  ily.  ahewetU  our 
misery  since  llie  begining  of  our  union  with  America,  being  a  french 
Petition  or  complaint  that  was  sent  to  the  governor  of  Virginia,  but  the 
bearer  M.  MVarty  has  been  killed  in  his  way  to  the  fall.' 

'There  iiin  (he  umt  volume  of  C.  C.  Pp.,  p.  ç,  »  pape*  nurked  '*»)  (or  the  dapllcita." 

«bicb  nmUiiW  tomr  iiiiimlliiu  taiLinU  tbc  mm   ungunaal  ai  which  «ill   be  ooucn]  in  Uie  loot- 

octn.  On  Um  htlitm  of  cht.- 1  rcnch  nuiy  thai  wa»  repotuiblc  fct  thU  u»)  the  iwo  tucctcdiac 
docunwiiu,  wc /JiUam't  //>>l.  Cvtittii'mi,  ii.,  [i.  ij;. 

■Dupjioile  roub:  "to<ihlcb«r«  htvc  wnt  our  ihant»<ivinj[  by  ihc*tiD*  in  «loipwir  «tih  Mr 
JoBjH*.  wp  havB  Wn  ci^xwal  lu  aome  troubla  by  iLc  dahc  thai  <re  luvc  (ac  ccnirina  Ino  HIcct  at 
your  pnmUc." 

'Diip.:  "nampol  ihc  united  stalra in  Conirea».'" 

<Dup.:  "our  danger,  «nd  tMuiioti." 

*  la  lh«  n^fin  <i  wtiiwa:  "A  Pciitton  iiiaiMl  MoatnMnery  KoM»  mi  Dodgt."    U  b  (VtaMd 

1  tilt  runic  01  M'Cdrly. 


fU»,  p-  «ji-    Tfac  duplic 


>le  umils  ihls  mufiilrcil  nulr  >iid  1 


V.\LINIERE   WRITKS  OF  DODGE,  AUGUST  as,  1787      435 


aly.  follows  the  copy  '  of  the  orders  giwn  and  signed  by  a  named 
John  Dodge  the  same  mentioned  in  Ihc  above  petition  who  instead  of 
paying  provisions  for  the  soldiers,  took  prisoner  (having  no  authority 
for  it)  one  lieutenant  of  county  call'd  Richard  Winston  because  the  said 
Winston  could  prove  easily  that  Mongommcry,  Roger,  and  Dodge  were 
5  Robers  and  thieves.*  In  vain  we  had  recourse  to  some  generous  men 
for  informing  the  honorable  Congress  of  our  misery,  wc  are  still  tn  the 
poorest  condition  where  one  may  be  in.  Mr.  la  Bairn  mentioned  in  the 
above  petition  has  Iwcn  killed  about  the  Miami  river.  The  Major  le 
Brun  (on  account  of  whom  the  said  Dodge  have  prophctysed  saying 
be  certain  he  sluitl  never  bear  the  west  coat  that  he  aslcelh)  has  been  also 
kiiletl.  at  tlie  back  of  (he  fall. 

But  00  bcxly  can  deliver  ua  from  so  surprising  and  bold  a  Rober  as 
Dodge  that  man  who  has  taken  the  fine  property  of  the  widow  Bentley, 
against  whom  no  justice  dare  return  her  her  right.'  that  man  who  after 
having  taken  also  the  old  fort  here  where  he  dwelled  till  these  past  day's 
anil  which  lie  delTendcth  again  by  his  farmi-r  with  two  j^rcal  guns,  that 
man  who  has  been  bold  enough  as  lo  send  two  American  men  Prisoners 
at  the  Spanish  side.*  That  man  who  striking  many  with  his  sword, 
drawing  the  eyes  from  the  head  of  others  Thai  man  who  by  his  taking 
prisoner  the  clieaf  of  Magistrature  has  dqirivcd  U3  from  all  sort  of 
justice.'  that  men  who,  not  only  here  but  also  at  the  Post  Vincennes 
and  at  the  fall  by  his  letters  or  those  of  his  friends,  deceived  many  per- 
sons," that  man,  say  I,  whom  wc  should  rather  call  a  Mounster  did 
begin  to  weaken  his  authority  not  long  after  the  coming  of  Mr.  Parker 
when  he  brought  us  our  above  said  honour.' 

As  wc  expected  e^-ery  day  one  governor  and  regulation  from  the  Hone. 

t  Dnp.:  "Tlw  id  ud  3d  w«  the  copy."    TIkm  orders  wt  prioud  «ntt,  pp.  171. 

'  In  I&«  RurdB  It  «rtncQ  :  "  Briwbl  ibr  both  nrdm  h  ihr  pctllian  d<  ^UT«tc  Fof  lM«on  WlaMoB^ 
■H»  haviii»  cr«DuiM  to  the  jusUc*  iipiiiM  Dottje,"  (Primtd  anir,  p-  »7j.)  Dnp.  reula;  "tuofc 
priaaacr  «Riihtnit  lik\  utlbor\1y  a  lioitnuol  of  couiity  catUd  Richard  Wnulon.  lot  he  and  the 
jumlcr  tri^iM  r.irt«  bien  to  npaii  ibi!  dimigr  he  oitiicd  luid  csuselh  «till  nnciilly  lu  thi  1jii1i>  Bntley 
«boM  ilutc  jnd  prcpirlr  hi  hn-t  krpi  iincr  tii  ran,  'Die  mM  Ri^rd  WiitfUtn ,  ws«  sulhariMd  tn 
uy  Uui  ihrii«  aptciilly,  offitpn.  or  prci Ended  ui.  vu.  MipntjtanicrT  Kooir  anil  nwSsr.  *»  Riibm, 
Ihtemetcand  he  could  prowii  rim^.  but  Uwlcdoik  liiiti  ijrMrnn,  miu!  I.^rcnl  himliirifi'  jiutlâ 
bimMK  to  Virginia  «hcrr  he  died,  100  kwo." 

*I>up.;  "Bui  ne  «hould  be  ddtvtT«d  (t«ri  «0  tornrliliii and  bdda  Rol}».  VLi.  that  bad  man 
whu  hu  lakai  the  Sac  (iropcriy  ol  tbc  widow  Hcntlcy  (Who  atiDM  abaia  onj  juiiioc  i^aciiii  him)." 

*Dup.:  ''that  nuD  «rhoMnt  the  Cipt.  la  Chance  IwuAmerEomprlMnom  at  the  Sjiuiliibitdr." 
■Dup.Bddi:  "itDc«  s  yrari,  in  th«t  viHace" 

■Dap.:  "itMl  man.  who  not  noly  hmdid  com) (M  by  hlaHaaaU  Ihc  prindpal  dtbcoa bai  »lM 
at  Ibe  poll  \1aTranM  and  ni  Xbe  ùil*  oy  letler»." 

'Dup.:  " tbe above uidrourbonoor  dated  <Vu(ui(  >4  wm  line  it  the  lad."    See owM,  p.  j»!. 


I 


VALINIERE  WTHTES  OF   DODGE,  AUGUST  15.  178;      4*7 

him  the  truth'  being  himself  very  ignorant  of  il,  and  he  gave  allways  an 
evil  idea  to^very  word  proceeding  from  those  whom  Dodge  thought  be 
his  enemies,  insomuch  the  Colonel  being  asked  by  the  lady  and  widow 
Bentley  to  stop  John  Dodge  who  was  come  from  the  Spanish  side  where 
the  fear  of  justice  made  him  (lee,  it  îsnot  long;  The  Colonel  has  refused 
and  prefcrcd  to  drink  day  and  night  with  the  said  Dodge  himself. 

Besides  The  Col  Harmar  sccmeth  to  condamn  the  General  Clarks* 
regiment  or  rather  the  good  people  here  for  having  rccciv'd  *cm,  saying, 
they  had  no  order  to  come  here,  and  in  the  same  time  the  said  Col.  did  not 
shew  us  any  order  himself  for  doing  the  same  as  they  did.  hcsaithonly 
for  his  dcffcnsCj  Don  'I  you  know  the  uniform  0/  the  Congress,  but  we  are 
not  obliged  to  know  it,  e%Try  t>ody  could  do  the  same  and  we  are  too  far, 
from  the  other  states,  where  at  the  contrary  the  Clarks  Regiment  has 
been  once  known  here  when  he  has  taken  that  coimlry.* 

But  Mr.  Tardiveau  [iHiw-f]  Now  the  common  noise  is  that  Mr. 
Tardtveau  the  friend  of  Dodge  is  in  the  Post  asking  from  every  American 
newly  established  500  pounds  of  bea%-er  to  obtain  from  the  hon'  Congre^ 
an  assurance  for  500  acres  to  every  male  among  their  children  for  which 
they  passed  him  a  bill  of  promise.'  willing  to  excite  the  anger  of  the  Colo- 
nel against  the  public  Register*  here,  because  he  Is  not  friend  with  John 
Dodge,  told  the  said  Coll  that  Nfr.  Langlois  would  not  receive  anulher 
regulation  having  that  which  Mr.  Todd  brought  us  from  Virginia*  but 
it  was  not  true,  wherefore  Mr.  Langlois  did  pray  me  to  accompany  him 
and  lobe  his  interpreter;  he  spoke  then  so,  to  the  colonel  We  desire  and 
expect  every  day  one  regtdiition  from  the  honl  Congress  but  now  till  it  may 
come,  having  none,  tot  did  by  a  common  (onsent  aggree  to  keep  the  same 
brought  by  Mr.  Todd,  tUl  the  other  may  come.  And  Mr  Tardiveau  -would 
do  better  to  deceive  not  others  as  he  is  deceived  himstlj. 

After  ward  the  same  Mr.  Langlois  having  shewn  the  above  said  proofs 
against  John  Dodge  who  was  present,  the  said  Dodge,  was  so  much  angry 
that  in  the  presence  of  the  Lieutenant  Makidoul'  with  several  others 


■Dnp-t  "dravinc  him  the  tnith." 

*I>Dp.:  "liiit  ne  uT  nul  cililii^  In  knim  thai  uairorrn  licinjEM  fat  (rom  ibe  oilier  MalcVianid  Ifcc 
oih*r  thil  Li  la  ny  Ihr  Clartt'a  ffK'mPDt  ir)io  l-otik  ihit  cuvintry  hrfun  in  ihr  lutair  ol  Itw  congraM «I 
Vir(iaM  «ml  vrrx  iiiuch  lidlcf  kniiiiQ  Ittr  than  ht." 

>Diip.:  Vram  thr  word  "Ihmti"  to  *'hII1  of  promisr"  U  omitiral.  Rrldoulr  chU  ImcftlaBhu 
been  nude  in  th«  wrniw  fAux. 

'Dup.:  liuctn.  '*<aJI«l  Mr.  LuigluB." 

■  Dup  :   would  luvf  no  other  reeulslion  but  tïal  whicb  iomMriy  Mr.  Todd  hod  broiubl  (rom 

Vnt  dvi/lca>«  onil»  tbt  nxmf- 


438 


nXIXOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


in  ibc  yard  be  did  cast  htmx-lf  upon  the  said  3dr.  Lan^loa  sod  putting 
bis  fingers  in  his  cj-cs  and  bair  be  would  bare  nude  htm  bfiifil,  if  the  offi> 
cer  bad  not  cryed  against  bim. 

Where  upon  the  said  lan^ois  and  I,  have  aiked  the  colood,  to  stop 
the  said  John  Dodge,  and  upon  his  refusal,  I  tixiJc  for  witnesses  all  the 
person  who  were  present.  But  Dcdgc,  being  assurtd  of  the  protection 
of  the  colonel,  triumphed  so  much  that  the  day  following  after  the  depart 
of  the  Colonel,  he  a&scmblcd  his  friends  to  rejoice  on  iiis  bill  and  in  bis 
fort,  and  fyred  four  limeeach  of  hisgreatcanoos,  beating  the  Drumsetc* 

Now  I  think  I  have  satisfied  to  my  duty  for  the  deffense  of  the  widows, 
oiphans,  and  innocents  against  guilty  I  hope  the  bon*  congress  «ill  be  so 
good  as  to  send  us  some  sober  man,  who  be  not  easy  to  be  surprised, 
having  no  regard,  but  for  the  wriicn  proofs  to  knovr  the  truth,  and 
espedally  avoiding  the  adulators,  and  consuliing  the  (mbllc  Registry 
etc:  as  did  already  that  hoid.  assemblée.' 

So  with  all  the  good  people  here  I  will  ofTcr  willingly  my  von-s  and 
sacrifices  for  the  blessing  of  ibc  united  states  forever,  being  with  the 
utmost  respect, 

Sir,  of  you  and  the  hone.  Congress, 
The  most  humble  and  respectfull  servant 
Pete»  Hdet  de  la  Vauniere  Minister 
of  the  go^l,  Priest  and  general  Vlcar.^ 

Let  me  humbly  beseech  also  the  honorable  congress  to  grant  me  the 
interest  of  my  note,  wriicn  on  the  Register's  office  January  38.  1 786.  the 
principal  that  isdue  to  me  is  one  thousand  seven  hundred  dollars,  bearing 
interest  at  six  per  cent  fmm  the  rg.  August  1782.' 

De  la  Vauntere  priest 

I  forgot  the  most  horrid  payment  occasioned  the  14  June  1784,  by 
John  Dodge,  to  a  Trader  named  Daniel  Murray'  to  whom  John  Dodge 
was  indebted-  instead  of  paying  him  his  due,  he  quarelled  him,  and 
said  to  his  associate  in  trade  Mr.  Timothée  Mombrun  who  was  chief 
justice  or  lieut  of  county,  saying,  thatmatiwill  kUl  mc  give  or<Ur  to  take 
him  priiomr.   w[hi]ch  order  being  granted.  John  Dodge  himself  with  the 

*  Dup.:  "tatà  hb  I  frtni  suns  4  limn  mrs  oaf." 

'  DuplIcKt*  onlU:  "and  coonliiiigili»  puhlicRtfiiirjrelc:  udidalmdjr  that  boni.  MNembW." 
*t)ttflic*W  omlu  Uk  dite. 

*Oa  Vallallrr,  IntmdiiilioD;   fur  Tiirilivniii't  ansira,  >ec  foit,  p.  4)1, 

*Thbraababl« MtnloaiiFiliiiiaio^anRnuIiirTccianiiJCiucfcirtoiBntuirfTQd  in  vxriotnw«yi, 
Sm  Amur,  r^h  Hilt.  Rtitattittt,  New  S«r.,  it..  Ko.  j.  p.  ai6. 

•SmMW,  p.  JJlML  », 


Kaska[s]1cias  Aug.  35 


^. 


INFORMATION  CONCERKITCG   ILLINOIS,  1787 


439 


capt.  la  chance  and  a  party  of  men  bmckr  the  door  where  Daniel  Murray 
was  dwelling  and  Ihrcatning  them  to  shot  his  gun  if  any  htidy  would 
break  his  door,  which  he  did  without  wounding  any  body,  but  the  capn 
ordered  to  fire,  now  Ihc  arm  of  Daniel  Murray  has  been  brockcn, 
w(hi]ch  caused  hisdeath.    and  so  ha»  been  paid  the  debt  of  John  Dodge.' 

Some  among  the  Dodge's  friends  are  here  in  the  same  case. 
[Eadorsal:]     Dc  la  Valiuierc  3$  Augt.  1787. 


Inforu.\tion  Concsbnikc  Illinois,  17S7. 

[C  C.  Pp.,  HI.,  Kaskaskia  and  Ky..  xlviii,  13.— A.  D.] 
An  abbreviated  Information  of  the  present  Kaska[s]kias  Condition 
and  the  Caracter  of  the  French  Citizen's  who  arc  there.' 

The  French  inhabitants  that  is  to  say,  an  handful  of  hunters,  being 
accustomed  to  the  French  Govemement  instead  of  commanding  the 
military  power  that  was  come  to  protect  Ihcm,  shcwt-d  to  them  so  much 
slavery  and  dependency,  thai  the  said  troops  not  long  after  their  taking 
possession  of  the  said  country,  abused  their  power,  as  it  appears  by 
the  petition  addressed  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia  May.  4.  1781."  But 
seing  they  could  not  give  any  information  of  their  unfortunate  condition 
and  consequently  obtain  any  redress,  they  l>cgan  the  most  shamefull 
slavery,  by  flattering  iheir  Tyrant*  and  serving  him  in  the  most  humili- 
ating manner,  he  has  stroke  some  with  bis  cane,  some  other  with  the  dat 
side  of  his  sword  :  some  have  been  put  in  prison  by  him,  some  other  have 
had  their  own  eyes  almost  drawn  out  of  their  head  by  his  own  hands: 
yet  they  serve  him  now  very  vrtUingly  and  expose  not  only  their  reputation 
but  also  their  life  to  obey  to  his  orders.  The  affair  of  Daniel  Murray, 
(that  is  so  clear  upon  the  public  Registry)  may  prove  it  for  instead  of 
employing  their  justice  or  Magistracy  to  order  master  Dodge  to  pay  what 
he  owed  to  that  Trader  They  at  the  contrarj*  accompanied  him  braking 
the  door  of  that  poor  man,  and  upon  the  deffending  of  his  house,  prop- 
erty, and  life,  they  filed  on  him,  broke  his  arm  and  caused  his  death, 
furthermore  taking  his  property  they  ordered  to  sell  it  by  auction  to  pay 


■  Thli  Utl  c4«E«criiri  (T-ncmiinit  Mumr  I*  oraiucd  In  (h«  duriicate.  For  Ihc  Kp«n  al  the  tn>l 
of  the  ose  by  De  MonLmia,  tte  anit,  p.  3$^. 

'  Tills  ii  ihr  unoc  hamhnilint  u  the  iifccnlins  and  cvâtettlr  tomta  tiwa  VttlinitK,  kllbou^ 

lbs  Eoglisli  irylf  iticmia  luftd  mua  *k II led  Id  the  language. 
'  PrinlDd  dnb,  p.  in- 
•Jolm  Uodxc. 


nXINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


a  Mtmed  wilkough'  (who  accorded  with  Dodge)  tho  the  said  Dodge  h 
promised  before  to  pay  him  on  the  account  of  his  own  debt  toward  t 
said  Murray. 

aly.  They  and  especially  the  capt.  la.  Chance  (whose  son  befc 
had  hccn  put  in  prison  by  Dodge  himself  for  having  presented  an  hiunl 
petition  for  redress)  with  a  party  of  men,  brought  prisoner  to  the  Spani 
side  two  American  men,  and  that  only  by  Dodge's  order. 

jly.  They  refused  to  hcarlccn  the  petition  of  Made.  Bentley  i 
returning  her  all  her  propcrt)',  which  M'  Dodge  has  taken  and  enjoic 
it  since  at  least  6  years,  viz.  land,  slaves,  house,  papers,  money  and  fun 
turcs  of  all  sort,  further  more  They,  that  is  to  say,  the  principal  of  I 
city,  after  having  drank  often  time  with  the  said  Dodge,  did  offer  h< 
(Mad.  Bentley)  in  his  name  sometime  one  negro  man,  sometime 
negro  woman,  sometime  one  pair  of  oxcs  provided  she  would  gi 
him  a  renunciation  of  her  right.* 

But  at  last  seing  there  is  some  appearance  to  receive  by  and  by  sor 
redress  from  the  honl.  Congress,  by  the  letter  brought  here  by  M  Parke 
dated  Aug.  24.  1786,  and  a  certain  officer  Mr.  Jones,  a  lieutenant 
the  Colo.  Clark's  regiment,  who  had  been  invited  by  the  citizens  of  P( 
Vincennes  to  deSend  them  against  the  indians  being  come  with  a  party 
soldiers  and  having  taken  the  old  fort  (where  dwelled  Mr.  Dodge  wi 
two  great  guns  upon  a  hill  that  threatoeth  our  village),  Tho*  he  cau9 
him  DO  hurt  and  left  him  some  days  after  with  a  promise  only  to  cor 
again  by  and  by,  determined  the  said  Tyrant  (Dodge)  to  pass,  with  1 
the  property  he  has  robbed,  to  the  Spanish  aide.  Now  all  the  princip 
Citizens  accompanied  him  with  their  musket  firing  several  discharg 
at  bis  honour  etc. 

How  be  it,  the  said  John  Dodge  In  the  name  of  the  principal  Citizci 
aaith  he  himself,  wrote  letters  cver)-where  full  of  lyes,  one  of  which  b 
been  sent  back  here  from  the  Post  to  a  Zealous  American  named  Edgl 
whom  he  diffometh  in  that  letter. 

Wherefore  there  is  no  surprising  a  thing,  if  a  named  Mr.  Tan 
veau  a  frcnch  man  who  wras  about  the  fall  in  the  oyo  with  the  Dodgi 
brother  and  formerly  his  great  friend  has  been  deceived  and  has  dcceivi 
also  the  Col.  Harmar,  50  much  as  to  prewnt  him  against  all  those  wl 

■  Wlkoff,  o(  tbe  ami  oi  Quk  aai  Wlkofl.    Tbe  rtcorij  of  thcii  tutt  ac^nsi  Muirar  b  pria 

•*.  p.  Ji9. 

•See  ^it.  pp.  4it.  43). 

*See  *mlt.  p.  101,  dnd  t^il.  p  4*9- 


MADAME  BENTLE\"S  PETITION,  AUGUST  31,  1787      431 

could  shew  him  the  truth,  and  especially  the  Public  Register  who  keeps 
all  above  said  proofs  and  many  other  by  the  order  of  the  justice,  who 
trturned  difference  senlencea  upon  it  that  is  to  say  made  many  suit  of 
law  concerning  all  that. 

The  said  M.  Tardiveau  (after  one  declaration  by  the  Col.  Harmar  to 
all  the  Americans  here  for  preparing  them  all  to  fjo  out  from  their  lands 
belonging  to  the  Congress)  has  offer'd  to  the  said  Americans  settled  here 
at  Kaska|s]kias  in  the  cumber  ot  more  than  hundred  to  assure  them  a 
title  of  their  land  and  especially  for  400  acres  to  each  male,  provided  tbey 
give  bim  the  tenth  acre  each  of  the  said  land,  which  they  granted  and 
passed  a  bill  to  assure  it. 

[ErnSorsftt:]  Information  of  the  present  Kaskaskias  and  character  of 
Iiencb  citizens  there 


Madaue  Bentley  Petitions  Congress,  August  31,  1787. 
[C,  C.  Pp..  xlviii..  15. —  Copy.] 

Copie  d'une  Requête  déposés  au  g'rèffe  des  Kaskakias  par  Mad* 
Bentley  contre  j.  Dodge  qu'elle  prie  d'adresser  au  très  hone  Congres,  ce 
31  Août  1787 

La  Suppliante  Marguerite  Beauvais  veuve  Thomas  Bentley,  après 
s'être  %'ue  privée  de  ses  biens  depuis  plus  de  six  ans  par  un  nomm*'  john 
Dodge,  lequel  sans  montrer  aucun  dite  ou  écrit  de  la  part  du  S^  Th. 
Bendey,  mais  assurant  faussement  avoir  fait  .^vec  led^  S''  Bentley,  un 
échange,  savoir,  des  biens  propres  appartinant,  tant  au  S''  Bentley  qu'a 
la  suppliante  son  épouse,  en  consequence  la  Susd"  Marg^''  Beauvais 

[Translalion-l 

Copy  of  a  petition  against  J.  Dodge,  deposited  at  the  office  of  the 
derk  of  Kaskaskia  by  Madame  Bentley,  which  she  praj-s  to  have  ad- 
dressed to  the  Honorable  Congress,  August  31,  1787. 

The  suppliant.  Marguerite  Bauvais,  widow  of  Thomas  Bentley,  after 
seeing  herself  deprived  of  her  possessions  for  more  than  six  years  by  one 
named  John  Dodge,  who  has  shown  no  WTitlen  authority  on  the  part 
of  M.  Thomas  Bentley,  but  has  falsely  asserted  that  he  m;irle  with  the 
said  M.  Bentley  an  exchange,  to  wit,  of  personal  propcrtj*  belonging 
no  more  to  M.  Bentley  than  to  the  suppliant  his  wife,  and  liccausc  the 
above  mentioned  Marguerite  Bauvais,  wife  of  Thomas  Bentley,  has 


43J  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLFXTTIONS 

«pousc  de  Th.  Bentlqr  a  attendu  avec  patience  ju5qu*a  ce  qu'elle  put 
recevoir  des  iw)u\'eUcs  de  son  d*  mary  de  la  mort  duquel  elle  n'a  pu 
avoir  aucune  certitude  qu'en  ce  moment  ou  elle  prend  la  liberté  dim* 
plorcr  votre  protection  pour  obtenir  justice. 

Non  seulement  la  crainte  de  vous  importuner,  maïs  encore  plus  nat- 
urellement l 'humiliation  ou  se  trouve  ta  su[Jiant  vue  l'occupation  qu'on 
les  intente  vous  auroît  certainement  évité  cette  peine,  si  lesusd'^  j.  Dodge 
pour  c\-itcr  la  justice  que  nous  attendons,  ne  se  fut  rcffugi^  dans  la  partie 
d 'Espagne  et  n'eut  emmené  avec  lut  une  négresse  cette  négresse  est  reve- 
nue chez  sa  appartenante  a  la  susdie  suppliante  avec  tout  ce  qu'il  a  pu 
emporter  des  bien»  appartenants  aud^  dcffunt  Th.  Bentley. 

Ors  la  suppliante  requête  qu'il  lui  soit  permis  de  Demander  au  susd* 
j.  Dodge  (lequel  vient  de  faire  afficher  ici  un  papier  diffamatoire  tant 
contre  elle  que  contre  les  personnes  charitable  lesquells  il  croit  lui  rendre 
quelque  service)  en  vertu  de  quoi,  i  ™*  au  lieu  de  partir  du  lestamens  qu'il 
mentionne  aujourd'hui  il  n'a  allégué  quun  échange  probablement  faux 
quand  il  s'est  emparé  des  susd*  biens  de  defTunt  Icabob  Camp  et  at  il 

[TranslaticH.] 
patiently  wailed  until  she  could  receive  some  news  of  her  husband's 
death  of  which  she  has  had  no  certainty  until  this  moment,  wbea  sbe 
lakes  the  liberty  to  claim  your  protection  to  obtain  justice. 

Not  only  the  fear  of  importuning  you  but  what  is  even  mure  natural, 
the  humiUation  in  which  the  sui^tiaot  finds  herself,  seeing  that  the  at- 
tachment of  Dodge's  property,  which  was  planned,  would  have  certainly 
spared  you  this  trouble,  if  the  above  menliooed  J.  Dodge,  in  order  to 
avoid  the  court  of  justice  which  we  are  expecting,  had  not  taken  refuge 
on  the  Spanish  side,  and.  if  he  had  not  taken  with  him  a  negress  —  this 
negrcss  has  come  back  to  her  house  —  belonging  to  the  aforesaid  sup- 
pliant together  with  all  the  possessions  (belonging  to  the  late  Thomas 
Bentley,  which  he  could  lake  with  him. 

Now  the  suppliant  prays  that  she  be  permitted  to  make  her  claim 
Upon  the  aforesaid  J.  Dodge  (who  has  just  caused  a  defamatory  paper* 
to  be  posted  here  not  only  against  her  but  also  against  charitable  persons 
who  he  thinks  are  rendering  her  some  service)  in  virtue  of  the  fc^owtng; 

ist.  Instead  of  resting  his  rights  on  the  will  which  be  mentions  to- 
day, he  alleges  only  an  exchange,  probably  false,  at  the  lime  that  he 

>  Maud  Mfe.  p-  397. 


MADAME  BKNTI.EY'S  PtriTHON,  AUGUST  31,  1787        433 

voulu  en  faire  autant  chez  le  S*  P.  l'Angloîs  notaire  et  Grftifier  des 
Cto? 

3*'*  Pourquoi  led*  Dodge  au  lieu  d'obéir  aux  ordres  du  Lieutenant 
de  Comte  en  datte  de  7  février  17S7  pour  rendre  a  la  suppliante  taus  ses 
droits,  ou  bien  montrer  quelque  papiers  en  vertu  desquels  il  les  retenoit 
cn£n  pour  donner  caijlion  s'il  passoit  en  [k-T  étranger,  il  n*a  fait  ni  l'un  ni 
l'autre,  mais  au  contraire  a  fait  partir  son  bagage  et  une  négresse  qu'il  a 
enlevée  le  soir,  offrant  d'emmener  la  mulâtresse  qu'il  ose  encor  réclamer, 
environ  2  hcuiçs  avant  jour. 

4"'  Pourquoi  led'  Dodge  at'il  offert  a  la  suppliante,  tantôt  un  ncgrc, 
tantôt  une  ncgressCj  tantôt  une  pair  de  boeufs,  mais  toujours  a  condition 
qu'elle  lui  donneroit  une  quirtancc  goneniUe  et  qu'elle  renoncerait  a  tous 
les  droits  ;  lui  qui  ose  dire  aujourd'hui  dans  son  insolente  afliclic  qu'il  ne 
lui  revient  qu'une  piastre? 

Apres  que  Icd*^  j.  Dodge  aura  repondu,  si  néanmoins  il  le  peut  a  toutes 
ces  4.  demandes,  îl  ne  sera  pas  difficil  a  lad'  dame  wuvc  Bentley  de  lui 
prouver  que  ce  ne  sont  pas  les  autres  qui  se  mêlent  des  affaires  d'autres, 

\Tramlatiott.] 
took  possession  of  the  goods  of  the  late  Tcabod  Camp  and  he  wished  to 
do  the  same  thing  with  M.  P.  Langlois,  notar>-  and  clerk  of  Kaska&kia. 

3rd.'  Why  did  the  above  mentioned  Dodge,  instead  of  obeying  the 
orders  of  the  lieutenant  of  the  county,  dated  February  7, 1787,  to  return 
to  the  suppliant  all  her  rights  or  else  to  show  some  papers  in  virtue  of 
which  be  was  retaining  them,  or  else  to  pve  security  in  case  he  were  to 
pass  into  another  counlr)*,  do  neither  the  one  nor  the  other;  but  on  the 
contrary  about  two  hours  before  daybreak  he  sent  across  his  ba^jage  and 
a  negress,  whom  he  kidnapped  that  evening,  oiïering  al  the  iyame  time  to 
run  off  with  the  mulatto  woman  whom  he  still  dares  to  claim  ? 

4(h.  Why  did  the  said  J.  Dodge  offer  the  suppliant  now  a  negro, 
now  a  negress,  now  a  pair  of  oxen,  but  always  on  condition  that  she  would 
give  him  a  receipt  in  general  and  that  she  would  renounce  all  her  rights; 
he  who  dares  to  say  to-day  in  bis  insulting  notice  that  only  a  single 
piastre  is  coming  to  her  ? 

After  the  said  J .  Dodge  shall  have  answered  all  these  four  complaints, 
if  he  can,  it  will  nut  be  difficult  for  the  said  widow,  Madame  Bentley,  to 
prove  to  him  that  it  is  not  other  people  who  are  meddling  with  the  affairs 


434  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

eacor  moins  pour  faire  des  injustices  mais  bien  lui  même  eile  lui  fera 
voir  que  toute  affaire  entre  son  mary  et  clic  ne  le  regarde  en  aui'une 
manière  que  si  s<in<J'  mary  a  eu  quelque  sujet  de  mccnntcntement.  il  a 
du  agtrd'uncmaniercjuridiqucctfaire  un  Divorce  en  (orme:  orîlseroî|fl 
dif&cil  aud*  john  Dodge  de  prouver  qu'il  en  ait  fait  puisqu'il  ne  l'a 
jamais  traduit  en  justice,  il  est  donc  probable  que  s<ind*  mary  lui  a  par-_ 
donn(5  les  difficuhds  qu'ils  auroient  pu  avoir  ensemble. 

Que  si  toutefois  dans  un  moment  de  vivante  sond''  mary  a  pu  écrit 
quelque  chose  a  ce  contraire,  cela  n'étant  point  juridique  ne  peut  pr< 
judicler  a  ses  droits  et  qui  que  ce  soit  selon  les  lois  n'a  pu  et  ne  peut  agir 
en  forme  dans  un  tel  cas  que  lui  ajouter  a  cela  que  s'il  rtoit  permi  a  chaque 
particulier  ou  a  ses  procureurs  pour  la  moindre  difficulté  de  déshériter  et 
priver  de  ses  droits  sur  un  manuscrit  une  épouse  ou  des  cnfans,  a  com- 
bien d'inconvcnicns  chacun  ne  scroit-il  pas  exposé  dans  toutes  les 
familles? 

Concluons  delà  sur  quel  principe  led*  jh  Dodge  a  pu  sans  auci 
formalité  de  justice   s'emparer,   jouir  et  enlever  furtivement,  api 


ar- 

reS 


:UQ^ 

1 


yi'ranstaiiûH.] 
of  some  people  and  much  less  doing  them  injustice,  but  that  he  himself 
is  doing  so.  She  will  show  him  that  the  whole  affair  between  her  and  her 
husband  concerns  him  in  no  way,  and  that,  if  her  said  husband  had  any 
cause  for  discontent,  he  ought  to  have  acted  in  a  legal  manner  and 
brought  a  divorce  in  due  form.  Now  it  would  be  difficult  for  the  said  J. 
Dodge  to  prove  that  her  husband  brought  a  suit  for  divorce.  Since 
he  never  brought  the  matter  into  court,  it  is  therefore  probable  that  her 
late  husband  pardoned  her  for  the  misunderstandings  that  they  may 
have  had. 

That  if,  ne^-ertheless,  in  one  moment  of  his  lifetime  her  husband 
might  have  «Titten  something  contrary  to  ibis,  since  such  a,  document 
is  not  legal,  it  cannot  prejudice  her  interests  and  no  one  can  or  could  act 
formally  and  according  to  law  in  such  a  case.  [It  should  be]  added  to 
this[, moreover,]  that  if  it  were  permitted  every  individual,  or  his  attorney, 
on  account  of  the  least  misunderstanding  to  disinherit  and  to  deprive  of 
her  rights  a  wife  and  children  by  means  of  a  piece  of  paper,  to  how  many 
wrongs  would  not  each  one  in  every  family  Ik  exposed  ? 

Our  conclusion  asks  this:   By  what  principle  has  (he  said  Joh^| 
Dodge  been  able,  without  any  formality  of  justice,  to  take  posseasioa. 


irADAME  BENTLEV'S  PETITÎON,  AUGUST  31,  1787      435 

deffensc  a.  lui  faite  eo  bonne  forme,  les  biens  esclave  &c.  appartenants 
a  lad"  vcuvc  suppliante. 

En  consequence  la  susd""  veuve  suppliante,  sur  la  bonté  que  l'hon» 
Congrès  a  eu  de  vouloir  bien  prendre  en  consideration  un  plan  de  gouv- 
ernement sur  ce  peî;  et  ne  pouvant  obtenu  ici  aucune  justice,  ose  se 
flatter  que  par  votre  authorité  led*  John  Dod^,  sera  contraint  de  lui 
remettre  cequ'il  a  emporté,  a'"*  les  ao.ooo"  de  Douaire  portés  par  son 
coQtract  de  mariage  3"'"*  10,000"  également  y  portés  pour  son  preciput  4'^* 
tout  ceque  led*  S*"  tb.  Bentley  sun  mory  a  reconnu  par  ta  quittance  portée 
au  greffe  avoir  reçu  du  Tuteur  delad^  dume  Bentley,  laquelle  etoît 
mineure  quand  il  l'a  épouse,  si  que  lad*'  dame  sans  attendre  les  40  jours 
que  La  loi  lui  accorde  pour  faire  faire  invantaîre  des  biens  de  son  deSunt 
mary,  ne  voit  pas  jour  a  y  retissir  en  consequence  elle  préfère  de  renoncer 
comme  elle  renonce  effectiveraent  par  celte  présente  a  la  cftmmunauté 
avec  sond^  mary  s'en  tenant  a  ses  droits  mentionés  cy  dessus,  pour 
seureté  desquels  elle  supplie  humblement  l'boo*  congrès  de  vouloir  bien 

[Tramiation.\ 
to  enjoy,  and  to  kidnap  by  stealth,  after  he  had  been  forbidden  to  do  so 
in  due  form,  the  possessions,  staves  etc.,  belonging  to  the  said  widow 
who  is  the  suppliant  ? 

In  consequence,  the  aforesaid  widow  as  suppliant,  twcause  uf  the 
kindness  that  the  honorable  Q>ngre3s  has  had  in  wishing  to  take  into 
consideration  a  plan  of  government  for  this  country,  and  because  she 
has  l>ccn  unable  to  obtain  justice  here,  trusts  that  by  your  authority  the 
said  J.  Dodge  will  l>c  constrained  to  return  to  her  that  which  he  has  taken 
from  her;  2d.  the  20,000  livres  of  dowry  conveyed  by  her  contract  of 
marriage;  3d.  10,000  Hires  likewise  conveyed  thereby  for  her  jointure; 
4th.  all  that  which  the  said  M.  Thomas  Bentley,  bcr  husband,  acknowl- 
edged by  the  receipt,  left  at  the  office  of  the  clerk,  that  he  had  received 
from  the  guardian  of  the  above  mentioned  Mrs.  Bentley,  who  was  not 
of  age  when  he  (Bentley)  married  her.  Although  the  said  lady  had 
no  opportunity  of  having  an  inventory  of  the  possessions  of  her  late 
husband  made  within  the  forty  days  that  the  law  allows  her,'  yet  she 
prefers  to  renounce,  as  she  in  truth  docs  renounce  by  these  presents,  the 
community  of  properly  with  hor  husband,  retaining  her  rights  mentioned 
above,  for  the  security  of  which  she  most  humbly  prays  the  honorable 

■  The  tniaaliift  at  the  p«nage  Is  ivy  obtrure,  and  ihe  alioTe  pniMik  to  h«  mitbÎD|  more  ibu 
k  pOHlhlc  imoprthtiua. 


4^  UXIMNS  insnMUcu,  coixections 

lamfU  ctdR  «  k  i«tiœ  dVi.  de  {un  ureter  le  suad*  j.  Dodge  cd  cas 
^*9  paraiar  nr  cztac  im;  dr  pciv  qa*il  ne  pRune  U  fuite  de  Tespagne, 
coM^  1  a  flit  dVi  po«  rvilEr  la  jntioe. 

LecnfaadHifW  qoi  a  In,  ■■■gé,  et  ooocfaé  avec  ce  malheureux 
cofâa  (tàe«  des  rùoM  [wwwt  cacvier  cette  expression)  m'a  TcîuaÉ 
vtUt  yaor.  maài  ftafat  qor  votn  bon*  ■mrtnMfr  l'accordera  a  [tast 

(r^fc  I  irf :]    tVtîtiaa  <rf  Uad^  Bemky  agt.  Jno.  Dod«e 

l^tacii  I^tiboa  ef  Mad*  BetMler  apàtt  Jobo  Dodge  who  bas  taken 
bcr  propoty  aad  lajielli  it  (UhO]  years. 

Coa^ress  lo  cottaeni  to  send  onkn  to  tfae  court  c<  justice  here,  to  have  t  be 
aforcsud  J.  Dodge  arrested,  in  case  he  sbould  appear  on  this  shore,  for 
fear  he  maj  flee  ùom  the  Spanish  tcrniocr  as  he  did  from  here  in  order 
to  escape  jastice. 

Colood  Hannar,  «rbo  haseaicn,  drunk,  and  dept  triih  this  wretched 
nscal  (there  are  many  reasons  why  this  eiqvessioQ  can  be  excused) 
icfnaed  roc  this  faror,  but  I  trutf  that  jrour  worthy  Assembly  will  grant 
it  to  \Usi  line  CMt  •  j  ] 


PicxBC  LAN'Gtots  to  OtASUS  Thoupson,  September  28,  1787. 
IC  C.  Pp..  x»vw.,  S9.—.K.  L.  S-1 

au  KasKasKias  le  3&^  ybre  1787 
M.  cb.  ThomsoQ 
Secretair  de  1 V  Congrès. 

MONSILUR, 

L'bonorable  Congrès  aj-ant  eu  la  bonté  de  nous  prendre  sous  sa  pro- 
tection.   Nous  crayons  —  qu'il  ra  dc  notre  devoir  d'empêcher  que  cette 

[Transtaiùm.] 

Kascasioa.  Sept  28,1787. 
M.  Charles  Toomsos. 

Secretary  of  ihe  Honorable  Congress. 
Su: 

Since  the  honourable  Congress  has  had  the  kindness  to  lake  us  under 
its  protection,  we  think  that  it  is  our  duty  to  prevent  this  august  assembly 


LANGLOIS  TO  THOMPSON,  SEPTEMBER  38,  1787        437 

augusLe  assemblée  ne  soit  mal  inlonné  par  ceux  qui  ont  été  pour  la  plu- 
part aussi  opposé  au  bien  public  qu'attachés  a  leur  bien  propre. 

Nous  venons  d'apprendre  qu'un  certain  chevalier  errant  nomé  Bir- 
tbelemi  tardivau  ainsy  que  sod  ami  John  Doge,  ne  cesse  d'inquiéter 
icy  les  esprists  se  faisans  passer  pour  un  bonune  de  consequence,  quoi 
qu'il  ait  dit  hautement  que  La  lôtre  que  vous  nous  avez  addressee  en 
datte  du  34.  aoust  1786.  n'est  pas  du  Congrès  Mais  seulement  du  secre- 
taire et  fait  Entendre  par  La  qu'on  ne  doit  pas  y  faire  beaucoup  d'atten- 
tion, cependant,  il  ne  laisse  pas,  avec  son  ami  Dotlge,  de  persuader,  quel- 
que foift  que  l^  congrès  va  nous  charger  d'impôts  d'autre  fois  il  inspire 
à  ceux  quil  peut  Le  dessein  de  demander  au  Congrès  500.  arpensdetcrre 
gratis  pour  chaque  enfant  maie  faisant  espérer  qu'il  leur  en  alliendra 
Les  titres  pourvu  qu'ils  lui  endonnent  La  dixième  partie.  Ce  qu'il  y  a 
de  plus  ridicule,  C'est  que  dans  la  requÈte  qui  se  porte  de  maison  en 
Maison  pour  mandier  des  signature  de  la  part  de  ceux  qui  ne  peuvent 
déjà  pas  faire  valoir  le  peu  de  terre  qu'ils  ont,  ils  sont  assês  effrontés 
pour  faire  entendre  que  Les  Extraits  de  nos  registres  cl  autres  informa- 

[Translaiion.] 
from  being  misinformed  by  those  who  have  been  for  the  most  part 
opposed  lu  the  public  welfare  and  attached  to  ihcirown  personal  interests. 
We  have  just  learned  that  a  certain  knight  errant,  named  Barthelcmi 
Tardivcau,  as  well  as  his  friend,  John  Dodge,  does  nnt  cease  to  disturb 
the  public  mind  here  by  passing  himself  off  for  a  man  of  consequence. 
Although  he  said  publicly  thai  the  letter  you  addressed  to  us,  dated 
August  24,  1786,'  is  not  from  Congress,  but  only  from  the  secretary,  and 
he  makes  people  believe  by  that  that  they  need  not  pay  much  attention 
to  it  ;  nevertheless,  he  does  not  cease,  along  with  his  friend  Dodge,  from 
persuading  people  at  limes  that  Congresjs  is  going  to  charge  taxes  on  us  ; 
and  at  other  times  he  inspires  those  whom  he  h  able  to  reach  with  the 
thought  of  claiming  from  Congress  500  arpents  of  land  gratis  for  each 
mate  child,  making  people  believe  that  he  will  procure  ihc  titles  for  them, 
provided  they  give  him  the  tenth  part.  What  makes  this  the  more 
ridiculous  is,  that  in  the  petition  which  is  being  rakcn  from  house  to 
house  to  beg  for  signatures  from  those  who  even  now  connol  make  the 
little  land  they  own  amount  to  anything,  they  have  the  impudence  to 
make  people  belfeve  that  the  certificates  of  registry  and  other  information 

t  SesoaM,  p.  )si. 


LANGLOrS  TO  THOMPSON.  SEPTEMBER  aS,  1387        a39 

lais  non  :  nous  savons  que  les  terres  sont  Les  vrais  fonds  de  L'elat. 
sivu  tardiveau  vien  au  moment  dacbeter  soit  défaut  de  sun  amis 
Dodgc,  une  place  qui  a  servi  de  fort  dont  Les  terrasse  sont  toute 
B.  depuis  que  Le  Roy  de  franœ  lavoit  établi  pour  La  defense  de  la 
le  des  KasKasKias,  cest  un  manege  entre  sieu  doge  et  M  tardiveau, 
ji  f^t  L'homme  de  Consequence  envcr  Le  Congrus  et  j'ai  l'honoeur 
'sein. 

MoDSsirc  avec  un  profon  Respecte 

Voire  humble  obéis*  scrv* 

Pe£  Lamclois 

endorsed:]    Letter  28  Sept'  1787  P.  Langlois  with  Tnmslation  respect- 
ing Kaskaskies  Read    Jan»'  33*1  1788,  Feb'  5»»-  1787 —  Referred — 
M'  Wadsworth 
M*"  Ikvine 
M'  White 


[Translation.] 

But  it  is  not  so  :  wc  know  that  the  lands  are  the  real  property  of  the 
state.  M.  Tardivcau  has  just  bought,  in  the  absence  of  his  friend  John 
Dodge,  a  place  which  has  served  as  a  fort^  and  the  embankments  of 
which  were  all  made,  when  the  king  of  France  established  it  for  the 
defence  of  the  village  of  Kaakaskia.  This  is  an  intrigue  twtween  M. 
Dodge  and  M.  Tardiveau,  who  is  acting  as  a  man  of  importance  with 
Congress.  I  have  the  honor  to  be,  sir,  with  a  profound  respect, 
Your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

PiEBRE  Lang  DOIS. 

■  Thh  mt  «  l«rt  on  Um  blufli  abo^v  the  vUUcc,  which  w  caltod  t»<l>r  tncotrcctlr  fon  Cue. 


43»  ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOXS 

tions  avons  envoyés  cy  devant  ne  doivent  pas  être  Ecoutés  vu,  dJscnt-fls, 
qu'Us  ne  sont  pas  signés  par  Les  Magistrats  de  ce  lieu. 

pour  bien  Comprendre  La  foibiesse  de  leur  esprit  en  cet  article:,  il 
faut  noter. 

1*  quilc  ne  se  souviennent  pas  plus  de  leur  signature  de  ce  tcms  la, 
que  de  celle  quils  ont  donné  en  leur  RequiHe  Contre  John  dodge  Le  4* 
may  1781.  puisqu'apres  L'avoir  reconnu  Comme  un  Coquin,  ils  lui  font 
aujourdhui  L'accueil!  qu'on  fait  au  plus  parfait  honnctlc  homme. 

Nous  ne  finirions  pas  si  nous  voulions  donner  une  Connoissance 
entierre  de  leurs  fautes  —  maintenant  sur  ;  i .  vrai  tenanciers  ou  sedan- 
laire  en  ce  vilage  n'en  ayant  pu  séduire  pour  presenter  La  requête  en 
question  que  21.  n'est-ce  pas  une  chose  indigne  de  la  Magistrature  et 
môme  d'un  hon&te  homme  de  faire  paroitre  la  signature  de  plus  80.  y 
compris  leurs  enfans  nouveau  nés  ainsy  que  des  étrangers  qui  s'en 
retournent  en  Canada,  ne  pouroït-on  pas  Croire  que  C'est  tout  le 
peuple  dçs  KasKasKias  qui  fait  une  demande  si  injuste? 

\Tranjhtion.] 

»c  have  already  sent,  ought  not  to  be  heeded,  inasmuch,  they  say,  as 
ihcy  arc  not  agnctl  by  the  magistrates  of  this  place. 

In  order  to  appreciate  the  feebleness  of  the  people's  minds  on  this 
heading,  it  is  necessary  to  note: 

ist.  That  Ihcy  no  more  remember  their  signatures  of  this  time 
than  tbcy  do  Ihosc  they  placed  on  Ibcir  pclilion  against  John  Dodge, 
the  fourth  of  May,  1781';  for  at  that  tin:ic  they  considered  him  a  rascal, 
and  to-day  they  receive  bint  as  the  most  honest  man. 

We  should  never  finish  were  wc  lo  give  a  complete  account  of  Iheir 
faults.  Just  now,  out  of  71  real  tenants  or  settlers  in  this  village,  they 
have  been  able,  for  the  purpose  of  presenting  the  petition  in  question, 
lo  seduce  only  twcnty-onc'  Is  it  not  an  unworthy  thing  for  the  magis- 
trates, as  well  as  honorable  men,  to  malte  a  showing  of  more  1  han  eighty 
signatures,  including  in  the  list  the  names  of  new-bom  bal>cs  as  well  as 
strangers  who  are  (joing  back  lo  Canada?  Would  not  one  be  led  to 
believe  that  il  is  all  the  people  of  Kaakaskia  who  are  making  such  an 
unjust  demand  ? 

*SocaM.  p.  *ij. 

*0a  Ihv  papn  In  quMllao,  (mc  fa»,  p.  440}  iberv  arc  Stc;  diiumuns  of  Frcndnaen.  iodudini 
kll  l)i(  inijirnnrDl  <iilirai.  The  lurai^  at  Pian  LaitRlob  b  lh<  only  oof  of  imporuau  IMI  U  cdo- 
■plvuuus  br  i^  âtMccMx. 


LANGLOIS  TO  THOMPSON,  SEPTEMBER  j8,  1787        439 

mais  non  :  nou&  savons  que  les  terres  soQt  Les  vrais  fonds  de  L'ctat. 
Le  &ieu  tardiveau  vicn  au  moment  dacbeter  soit  défaut  de  son  amis 
John  Dodge,  une  place  qui  a  ser\'i  de  fort  dont  Les  terrasse  sont  toute 
faite,  depuis  que  Le  Roy  de  france  lavoit  établi  pour  La  defense  de  ta 
ville  des  KasKasKias,  cest  un  manege  entre  sîeu  doge  et  M  tardîveau, 
qui  fait  L'homme  de  Consequence  cnver  Le  Congrès  et  j'ai  l'hanneur 
deetre. 

Monssire  avec  un  profon  Respecte 

Votre  humble  obéis'  serv' 

pRB  LANGLOIS 

[Endorsed:\    Lctler  28  Sept'  1787  P.  Langlois  wilh  Translation  respect- 
ing Kasltaskics  Read   jan'  32^  17S8.  Feb'  5»^  1787  —Referred — 
M'  Wadswobih 

M'  Whjte 


[  Translation.] 
But  Et  îs  not  so  :  wc  know  that  the  lands  arc  the  real  property  of  the 
state.  M.  Tardiveau  has  just  bought,  in  the  absence  of  his  friend  John 
Dodge,  a  place  which  has  served  as  a  fort'  and  the  embankments  of 
which  were  all  made,  when  the  king  of  France  established  il  for  the 
defence  of  the  \-illage  of  Kaskaskia.  This  is  an  intrigue  between  M. 
Dodge  and  M.  Tardiveau,  who  is  acting  as  a  man  of  importance  with 
Cougrcbs.  I  have  Ibe  honor  to  be,  sir,  with  a  profound  respect, 
Your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

Pi£iut.E  Lanclois. 

>  ThU  mi  «.  fon  on  tha  Uulli  aiiow  llw  viUag*,  «bilds  b  oU*!  t»-iixy  Incorrecdr  Foci  Ottr, 


TUUTf  Lact  Wtw»i*i 


LâST  Lxiius. 


Ka>  TAMsn^M 


CùtmutCT  BenrzE»  tbx  FkmcH  Ixrajit*xis 

pC.  C  T.  USS.— A.  Dl  SJ 
Sachent  totu  par  ces  prcaenics  que  ks  hahitin»  français  du  rilU^ 
des  K*tK*i'^'*-.  La.  ptaiiie  âm  racber,  ct  kn»  depeadvices  ajraa 
appolwé  Barthélémy  Tanlheaa  Ecincr  lenr  ageu  aiqvb  dn  Coupes 
a  l'effet  (k  demioder  et  obtenir  poor  eux  la  coafinxiatïoci  de  Iran  andexti 
dfoiu,  ct  en  outre  d'autres  conoeanoits  de  terres  dans  oc  pafs  des  Ul 
faioifl,  Ndtu  Soidits  haWtaiw  du  nUage  des  KasKaaKus.  La  prairie  dt 
rocher  ct  leurs  dépendances,  proBBCllaos  et  nous  obligeons  joimctnesi 

[Transi^wn.]  ^| 

Know  ail  men  by  these  pccseats  thsl  the  French  inhabitants  of  tho 
villages  ci  Raskasfcia  and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  sod  their  depcndcndea 
have  appoimed  Banhelemi  Tardii^eau,  Esq.,  their  agent  at  Congress  foi 
the  purpote  td  claiming  and  obtaining  for  them  the  confinnation  of  tbeii 
ancient  rightu  and  also  other  grants  of  land  in  this  country-  of  the  11 
linoift;  and  that  we  the  aforesaid  inhabitants  o£  the  villages  of  Kaska» 
kta  and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  and  their  dependencies,  promise  and  bUuJ 
ourtclvcs,  Jointly  and  severally,  as  well  in  our  names  as  in  behalf  o(  oui 


A  CONTRACT,  AUGUST  27,  1787 


44t 


ct  Séparément,  tant  pour  nous  que  pour  in>s  enfants  moles  ou  autres 
personnes  que  nous  rtpreseritons,  de  céder,  quitter,  ct  abandonner  en 
toute  propriété  audit  Barthélémy  Tardivcau,  ses  hcriticrs  ou  ayans-causc, 
la  dixi^e  partie  de  tous  les  terrain*  qu'il  fera  confirmer  ou  concéder 
en  notre  faveur,  pour  lui  tenir  lieu  de  ses  peines  et  soins,  fraix  de  voyages 
ou  autres;  a  la  condition  que,  S'il  n'obtient  rien,  il  n'aura  rien  a  répéter 
vers  nous  pour  ses  dits  fraîx  ou  peines  et  Soins.  U  est  entendu  que  ledit 
Barthélémy  Tardîveau  ne  pourra  pas  prendre  la  dixième  des  terres 
qui  lui  est  accordée  pour  Son  payment,  sur  les  terrains  déjà  occupés 
ou  qui  appartiendront  aux  particuliers;  mais  que  ledit  dixième  lui  sera 
donné  par  les  habitants  dans  un  ou  deux  emplacements,  faisant  partie 
de  la  concession  générale  qu'il  pourra  obtenir;  puun'u  néanmoins  que 
ledit  ou  Icsditsdeux  emplacements  soient  a-peu-près  égaux  en  quantité 
de  terroir  et  de  Situation  au  reste  des  terres  ainsi  oUenuiJs.  En  foi 
dequoi  Nous  les  Magistrals,  et  autres  habitants  du  village  des  Kas- 
KasKias  La  prairie  du  rucher,  et  leurs  dé]>cndajiccs  avons  signé  le 
present  concordai  et  à  icelui  apposé  le  sceau  de  notre  Cour,  fait  unani- 
mement aux  KasK.asK.ias  le  a;*  jour  d'Auui  l'an  mil  ScjJt  cent  quat- 
trevingl  Sept. 

[Transliitwn.] 
male  children  and  other  persons  whom  we  may  represent,  to  cede,  leave, 
and  abandon  in  full  propriety,  to  the  said  Barlhclemi  Tardiveau,  his 
heirs  or  assigns,  the  tenth  part  of  all  the  lands  which  he  shall  cause  to 
be  confirmed  or  be  conceded  in  our  favor,  as  a  compensation  for  his 
trouble  and  pain,  traveling  expenses  and  other  expenses;  on  condition 
that,  if  he  does  not  obtain  anything,  he  shall  have  no  right  to  demand 
anything  from  us  for  his  said  expenses,  troubles,  and  cares.  It  is  under- 
stood that  the  said  Barthelerai  Tardiveau  ishall  not  be  able  to  take  the 
tenth  part  of  the  lands,  which  is  granted  him  for  his  pay,  from  the  tracts 
already  occupied  or  whicli  shall  belong  to  individuals,  but  that  the  said 
tenth  part  shall  be  given  him  by  the  inhabitants  in  one  or  two  tracts 
within  the  general  concession  which  he  shall  obtain;  provided,  never- 
theless, that  the  said  or  the  two  said  tracts  be  about  equal  in  area,  and 
in  situation  similar  to  the  rest  of  the  land  thus  obtained.  In  witness 
whereof  we  the  magistrales  and  other  inhabitants  of  the  villages  of  Kas- 
kaskia  and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  and  their  dépende ncies,  have  signed  the 
present  agreement  and  placed  thereon  the  seal  of  the  Court.  Done 
unanimously  at  Kaskaskia,  August  37,  1787.' 

>  For  a  limiUr  (udumci  nuxlc  by  ilit  iatublunlf  of  Cahath,Me  lU.  BUI.  Cethaimt.  U.  S9t- 


^H 

443                   ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS                 ^^M 

a 

Jan  IS 

TottTON 

Antoine  Atino       ^^H 

^H 

J.  S.  G.  Bauvais 

JACQUE  CbEYNIE 

ANF  BDYAT                   ^^^| 

^^1 

Vitale  Bauvak 

LaChanse 

THIMOTHE    DEUONB^^I 

^^M 

ANTOINE  BaUVAIS 

L  Bbasaux 

FRANSOI  LaNGDO               H 

^H 

Blaise  Bakutel 

JOSEPBT  DOSA 

ANTODfE  ChEVNB              H 

^^1 

JOSEI'HT  TIBAUX 

Nicolas  Canada 

ChARLE  VILLE                      H 

^^V 

Michel  Danise 

Jean  Bapt.  Touur 

CuASLE  Deluxe     ^^H 

^H 

Claude  Leiucux 

Baft.  Feusse 

B''^  Lacoamce        ^^I 

^^ 

Louis  jervai  Chau- 

JOSEPHT  DEVOUX 

PHILIPE  DEVOUX         ^^H 

1 

BEKLAN 

ANTOINE  PELTIER 

Ba1>T.  DELUXE             ^^^Ê 

1 

ANTOINE  LaCBANSB 

Jacques  Gaussio 

PS.  COSSET                   ^^H 

^^K 

ANTOINE  i'ELTHIKB 

CABRIELLE  LACHANSE 

Louis  deluxe        ^^^| 

^^1 

PERRE 

Baruad 

At.  Louvxer           ^^^| 

^^1 

P  CHEVAI.I.IEIt 

Barbau  fils 

G  Decocby            ^^H 

^H 

FRANCOIS  TIBUT 

Louis  Dor  ré 

Aymé  Comte          ^^H 

^H 

JAQUES  PEHRIE8 

JOSEPH  TERRIER 

Gerard  Langlois  ^^H 

^^1 

LOCK  PILr.F.RTÊ 

ANTOINE  DOUINOO 

Lasa  blaniek         ^^^I 

■ 

BaITISTE  JAN  is 

JOSEPH  MeNDOSA 
[Translation.] 

J.  L.  Atino             ^^^| 

^^1 

Jan  IS 

TOBTON 

Antoine  Atino            H 

^H 

J.  S*  G.  Baovais 

Jacques  Cbenier 

Ant.  Buvat                  H 

^^^ 

Vitale  Bauvais 

LaChanbe 

TiuoTHE    DE    Mon-  V 

^^1 

Antolne  Bauvais 

L.  Br-ueaux 

BREUN                                  H 

^H 

Blaise  Babutel 

Joseph  Dosa 

François  Lanodau      H 

^^H 

Joseph  Tibaut 

Nicolas  Canada 

Antoine  Chenxek        fl 

^^P 

Michel  Danis 

Jean  Bapt.  Thaumur  Cbahi£\iu,e                H 

^H 

Cladde  Leioecx 

Bapt.  Feusse 

Chaules  Delisle        H 

^^1 

Louis  Gekvais  Cham 

•  Joseph  Devoux 

Bapt.  LacbiVNSe           H 

^H 

BERLAIN 

Antoine  Pelletier 

Philipe  Devoux     ^^H 

^H 

Aktoine  Lachanse 

Jacques  Gadssuux 

Bapt.  Deusle        ^^H 

^^B 

Antoine  Pelletier, 

Gabrielle  Lachanse  Fr.  Corset             ^^H 

^H 

Sr. 

Barbau 

Louis  Deusle       ^^^| 

^^H 

P.  Chevallikr 

Barbau,  Jr. 

At.  Louviere         ^^^| 

^^1 

Francois  Tibault 

Louis  Dorré 

G.  DK  Cocav          ^^H 

^H 

Jacques  Perkier 

Joseph  Terrier 

AvuÉ  Coûte           ^^^| 

^^1 

Louis  Pille  ste 

Antoine  Domingo 

Gerard  Langlois       ^Ê 

^H 

Baptiste  J  amis 

Joseph  Mendosa 

Lasa  Blanier        ^^^| 

II 

r 

^H 

A  CONTRACT,  AUGUST  27,  1787  443 

Nous  Magistrats  des  KasKosKias  avons  signé  le  present  concordat 
rt  a  icelui  apposé  nos  sceaux,  afin  que  foi  y  Soit  ajouté;  aux  KasKasKia 
le  îj"  jour  d'août  ijSj 

ANTOINE  BAUVAK  (scal)  NiCOLAS  CAILLOT  LACHANSE  (scal) 

Vitale  Baxjvais   (seal)        pr  corset  (seal) 

J  S  G.  Bauvais    (seal)       L  Bsazadx  (seal) 

{Trutulalûm.] 
We,  the  magistrates  of  Ka&kaskias,  have  signed  the  present  agree- 
menl  and  allacbtd  our  sea]  thereunto,  so  that  it  may  be  made  binding. 
Kaskaskia,  August  27,  1787. 

.■Vntodje  Bauvais  (seal)       Nicolas  Caillot  Lâchasse  (sea^ 
Vitale  Sauvais    (seal)       Fr.  Corset  (seal) 

Jf.  S.  G.  Bauvais  (seal)       L.  Brazaux  (seal) 


CoNTiEACT  Between  the  Ambxicans  and  Tardiveau,  August  «7, 1 787. 

\U.  C,  T.  MSS  —  A.  D.  S.J 
Know  alt  men  that  we,  whose  names  are  hereunto  subscribed,  hav- 
ing appointetl  you  Bartholomew  Tardiveau  Esq  our  agent  at  Congress 
to  the  effect  of  petitioning  and  obtaining  for  us  grants  of  lands  in  the 
Illinois  country,  do  promise  and  bind  ourselves,  as  well  in  our  name  as 
in  behalf  of  our  male  children  or  other  penyms  whom  wc  may  represent, 
jointly  and  sc^'crally  to  pay  you,  your  heirs,  executors,  nr  assigns,  the 
tenth  part  of  all  the  lands  that  you  shall  or  may  so  nbiiun  for  us;  as  a 
compensation  for  your  pains,  travelling  expcnsers,  and  costs  of  attendance 
upon  condition  that,  if  you  do  not  succeed  in  obtaining  such  gratuitous 
grants  of  lands,  Wc  shall  not  pay  you  anything  for  your  said  trouble. 
The  tenth  part  of  the  lands  obtained,  which  shall  be  your  reward,  is  not 
to  be  dividcdfromc\'ciypatticulartract,but  laid  off  in  tracts  of  the  same 
extent  with  the  rest,  and  you  are  to  have  an  equal  chance  in  drawing 
your  share  hy  the  falc  of  a  lottery.  Done  at  KasKasKia  this  27th  day 
of  August  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  One  thousand  seven  hundred  and 
Eighty  seven.  We  except  from  the  lands  given  you  inpayment  all  Sc 
every  improvement  made  by  any  one  of  us  the  day  and  year  as  abow. 
John  Anderson  John  Vallis  Salvenes  Casseluan 

John  Barten  Learken   Reather-   Benjauix  Byrl'.n 

Ebenezer  Se^'esns         ford  George  Waire 


UJ 


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Ruu. 


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jAVn  MtMMk 

R-  -T    Jï*rT.- 


<'i>inx> 


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RutuensaM 

■^MALfV 
•   CASTKUJUtD 

~<u^én  aim  c, 


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w 

A' 
T^ 

J 

i 

* 

J- 
J' 

Jacoj 

ISBCI. 

jmu  ! 
RintfK 

JOKM  i 

Aksibau 
J4ttr«  M.A' 
JosK  DOIH. 


£v^ 


VA 


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s       i~04Âl 


A  MEMORIAL,  AUfiUST  ay,  1787 


445 


Thos.  Bicgs 
Jamr-s  Leuen' 
Henby  Foster 
Benjamin  Ogle 
Sauuel  Borks 
Tho  Hughes 
Wm.  Biggs 
John  Pemfun 


Tobias  B rashers 
William  Roblns 
James  Cincau» 
David  Kagan 
Li\'iG  Thal 
James  Willev 

EUSEBIUS  BL'SHNELL 

Ezra  Bushneu. 


Benj.  Roqebs 
Thomas  Win 
John  Watts 
Robert  Redbick 
John  Peters 
Mason  Lunepord 
Samuel  Morrison 
John  Cochran 


MxHOUAL  IN  Favor  op  American  Settlers  by  Bartuelehz 
Tardix'eau,'  August  27,  1787. 

[C.  C.  pp..  III.,  K«kasltla.,  and  Ky.,  xlv.,  1^5.— A.  D.  S.] 
To  the  Honorable  the  Congcess  of  the  United  Stales  of  North- 
America 

The  Petition  of  the  American  inhabitants  of  the  Illinois  Iiumble 
shewcth 

That,  .some  time  [>efore  the  epock^L  that  terminated  a  glorious  war 
and  secured  inclcfx^ndance  to  (he  sons  of  America,  Your  Petitioners, 
exhausted  by  military  services  and  necessary  contributions  lo  the  support 
of  the  Continental  armies  and  other  public  charges,  having  nothing  left 
but  liberty  and  spirits  thai  could  neither  be  bome  down  under  the  weight 
of  poverty  nor  deterred  by  difficulties,  determined  lu  seek  an  asylum  into 
some  of  the  rich  countries  which  the  fate  of  war  had  subjected  lo  the 
American  empire,  The  fame  of  the  fmilfulness  nf  the  Illinois  lands  had 
reached  our  ears  :  thither  we  directed  our  wandering  course,  unmindful 
of  a  long  and  perilous  navigation,  of  the  inclemency  of  the  seasons,  of  the 
savage  fury  of  innumerable  Indian  tribes  through  whom  wc  had  lo  fight 

■  }3.nirs  Lnnm  ims  i  Itirmd  ol  Thomat  Jrfffnon,  and  an  irijrat  aotinlawrs  aJvoaU.  He  eUM 
to  lltin'iii  m  ijKiS,  iuA  viilH  nl  New  l)»iicn.  He  «MS  one  i)(  ihe  Icidtr*  ol  the  ofqpâtltica  to  atl 
Rttcmpu  lo-  ksiIUc  sluvRv  in  tli«  Ncinhw«ti.  To  promot*  ih*  nut*  b»  «at  limrgiDmal  b  t»iab- 
liahlnt  (lie  Hrihd  llijii»!  C'hurtli  near  CuHinsvillb  which  «ui  drdialo]  In  fhe  cniue  he  rciramUxl, 
AnlDlcratliiKiiccourilaf  ytn,«-iiilanliylusgniM]iMi.<*ills|iixar  k  the  rrmuulimii  ul  UwIU.SttU 
Bbl.  Sociei]',  i^. 

1  Tht^f  tnraKTkk  ff  Ruthdcml  Tardlraa  are  not  of  much  *ala*  m  hbtorlotl  HHtrcn  for  con- 
dlilun*  [d  lllinuU.  liuL  do  abow.  at  eouiM^  kb  tcûi'ilia  ai  Cciocn».  The  wrilcr  had  ncvct  (tied  la 
QLiool*  tB(L  hi*  onlj  vUlt,  aa  far  aa  la  knmro,  «ini  tlie  imr  mad*  >lih  Calnn't  Harmsr  during  the  tun- 
met  of  itSt.  Hia  iBfonMIka  «ns drawn  fiom  thecûpica  of  the  vjiuiuidicMnirtitt  (ureUiEdMin  bf 
Um  FïCMta.  Tb««e  ire  publbhid  la  ihb  wdnmr  iimlTT  Ihr  pms  mack  "M.  C^  T.  USS."  The 
hklnrr  of  Ihfa  t»llrc1i'>n  «ml  tii»i[m|ihlcal  amkt  ni  Taiilirrau  mny  be  (wind  In  fH.  nta  CalUtAMt. 
ii..pp  TOI,  n.  i.and  i^i.  Since  wiiiint  th«  biotnphiol  notlfc,  l  have  Imrned  thai  Tardiv«auifiM 
at  tfrw  Mailrid  on,  or  a  frw  ilays  bH'itr,  Fcbnurj-  jj.  iRoi.  Prnm  itir  Invmtnry  o(  bb  (mpCtty, 
he  cvid«Dll)r  Uvtil  writ,  I'jrikulariv  inlurMtifuC  k  Ih«  Ibl  of  books  In  hù  llVirary.  I'br  ouialjcT  tA 
Bftpvi  kit  \>f  ibc  dpcmwd  wot  vit7  utCh  fof  Wo»e  thai  were  H7it  m  Pltrrc  Mcnaid  (M.  C  .T.  USS.l 
faiTnedbtitalriciiiinnI  ihr  whnlr.  AsMrasiikiinwD  thr  ml  banc  been  la*t-  Sm  if»Mi  Atthim* 
tU«.  IBit.  Sodt<y>.  Tui-,  141^;  Hiruct.  IliM.  af  Uittrmrl,  II,.  144- 


44ft 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


our  way.  Invited  to  settle  here  by  tbe  ancient  inhabitants,  allured  by 
the  fertility  of  tbe  soil,  and  above  all  encouraged  by  Ibe  hope  that  our 
seulement^,  made  under  tbe  sanction  of  the  State  of  Virfptiia,  would  be 
sacnxl  aii<l  inallackabie,  we  began  to  cultivate  our  lands  with  that  un- 
wearied activity  that  the  k>ve  of  happiness  inspires,  but  which  is  only 
fostered  up  by  the  certaioty  of  enjoj-ing  property  undisturbed. 

When  Virginia  ceded  this  country  to  Congress,  by  a  Deed  subscribed 
by  their  Delegates  in  March  1784,  they  stipulated  in  our  behalf  thai  the 
settlers  who  lias  professed  themselves  citizens  of  tliat  state  should  ha\'e 
their  possessions  and  claims  conârmcd  to  them  ;  which  was  ugnxd  to  by 
Congress.  Under  these  circumstances,  Your  Petitioners  humbly  con- 
ceive that  the  Proclamations  of  the  Honorable  the  Congress,  forbidding 
people  to  settle  on  the  public  lands  on  the  North-Wcslcm  side  of  the 
Ohio,  arc  nut  in  any  sense  applicable  to  them.*  We  did  nut  come  hither 
in  defiance  to  the  laws  of  our  countr)',  but  under  the  protection  of  the 
statcof  Virginia  then  Sovereign  of  this  territory:  we  did  not  settle  on  the 
public  unappropriateil  lands  of  Congress,but  on  those  thai  were  the  prop- 
erly of  Virginia,  which  she  has  ^nce  conhrmnl,  itnd  Congress  them- 
selves warraiitul  lii  us.  Wc  claim  yet  another  title  which,  in  our  humble 
opinion,  is  not  of  less  wrighl  nor  less  respectable.  An  opinion  has  always 
prevailed  in  these  nmnlries  that  the  frcnch  settlers  have  Charrcrs  for 
CJttcnsive  I  rafts  of  territory;  and  within  the  ci»m|Kiss  as  well  asupon  the 
faith  of  those  charters  wc  have  settled  ourselves.  Such  arc  the  grounds 
on  which  we  stand;  but  notwithstanding  those  litlcs  which  we  have 
hitherto  looked  uimn  us  8acre<i,  11  discouraging  nimor  is  spread  among 
us,  which  owes  its  birth  to  the  Prwlamations  of  Congress  lately  come  to 
our  knowledge,  ihat  all  the  American  setilers  on  this  side  the  Ohio  are 
to  be  turned  off  their  lands  by  the  first  of  September  next.  This  unex- 
pected piece  of  intelligence,  we  confess,  did  at  first  alarm  not  a  little 
YourPethioncrs;  but  after  recollecting  ourselves,  trusting  in  the  sacred- 
ncss  of  the  rights  which  we  derive  from  the  state  of  Virginia,  and  con- 
fiding in  the  justice  of  the  Honorable  the  Congress,  wc  arc  emboldened 
to  hope  that  you  will  t*  pleased  to  confirm  our  possesssions  by  a  solemn 
Deed,  and  further  to  take  into  your  gracious  consideration  the  peculiar 
circumstances  of  our  hitherto  precarious  siiualion. 

When  we  began  our  settlements  in  ihis  country,  we  found  ourselves 
surrounded  by  a.  great  number  of  Indian  tribes  whose  hostile  dispositions 

>  Caoxult  Smiili,  SI.  Ciatr  F*p<rt.  U ..  j  rtM«.,  ji. 


A  MEMORIAL,  SEPTEMBER  15,  1787 


447 


I 


I 


towards  the  Amcricuis  rlid  not  permit  us  to  extend  our  ctilture  and 
roperly  tlic  lands  which  we  meant  to  occupy.    Penned  up  in 
ad  small  garrisons,  wc  have  been  obliged  to  raise  our  subsistance 
a  few  fields  tilled,  in  common  ;  and,  after  a  severe  struggle  of  many 
,  the  greater  number  among  us  have  not  yet  been  able  to  ascertain 
iccurc  their  possessions.     In  this  drflicull  prcdiramcnt.  Your  Peti- 
■  rs  humbly  intrcat  ihal  the  Honorable  the  Congress  be  pleased  to 
rtain  their  unsettled  situation,  and  con6rm  to  them  a  Grant  of  five 
idred  acres  of  land  for  every  male  inhabitant,  without  any  discrimina- 
■n  of  age,  or  else  whatever  quantity  your  wisdom  may  think  proper. 
hould  this  appear  to  be  too  great  a  fa\'our,  We  beg  leave  lo  obser^'e  to 
-jur  Honorable  body  that  this  part  of  the  country  is  almost  entirely 
lestitute  of  wood,  and  that  this  circumstance  makes  it  necessary  to  have 
n  larger  extent  of  ground  to  answer  the  various  purposes  of  husbandry. 
With  a  respectful  confidence  that  the  Honorable  the  Congress  will 
not  overlook  our  grounded  expectations  as  claimants  under  the  french 
Charters,  ou  r  rights  as  settlers  under  the  stale  of  Virginia,  and  our  suffer- 
ings as  a  wandering  family,  Your  Petitioners  as  in  duty  l)ound  will  vver 
pray  for  the  honor  welfare  and  glory  of  the   Unitcd-Siatcs  of  North- 
America. 

By  order  and  in  Ixrhalf  of  the  American  inhabitants  of 
the  Illinois 

Bartholomew  Tardiveau  Agent. 
Kaskftskia  August  the  37th  [787. 
[Endorsed:]    No.  7 


Memorial  ON  Behalf  of  the  Frevch  Inhabitants  bv  Bartbeleui 

Tardiveau,  September  15,  1787. 
[C,  C.  Pp.,  11!.,  KiikAskia,  and  Ky,.  xMH.  119.— A.  D.  S.] 

To  the  Honorable  the  Congress  of  the  United-States  of  North- 
America 

The  Humble  Petition  of  the  french  inhabitants  of  KaskaskJa,  C^io- 
kia,  Prairie  du  Rocher,  and  village  Si.  Philipp 
Shcwelh 

That  the  people  of  this  country  of  the  Illinois  conceive  themselves  to 
be  on  the  eve  of  lolaJ  destruction,  unless  Ihe  justice,  humanity,  and 
benevolence  of  the  Honorable  the  Congress  hasten  to  rescue  them  from 


ILLLVOIS  mSTÛRICAI-  COLLECTIONS 


impending  ruin,  by  timely  laking  into  ibetr  gracious  ct>n^deration  the 
wreifiicd  state  uf  this  district.  PlacctI  at  an  immense  dislaoce  from  the 
seat  of  the  focdcral  gm-crnmcnt  of  Amtrica,  Your  IVlittoncrs  have 
always  lived  in  a  dangcrtxis  Security  concerning  the  lands  which  they 
were  wont  to  consider  as  their  own  ;  and  it  is  but  of  late  that  they  have 
been  awakened  to  fear  and  anxiety.  Wc  hear  from  all  quarters  that  the 
Wabash  and  Illinois  countries  are  ofTered  for  sale,  and  that  large  tracts 
of  these  territories  ba«  already  been  purchased.*  In  a  few  months, 
perhaps,  the  whole  will  be  disposed  of;  and  Your  PctitioDers,  whose 
ancestors  made  the  first  sclllemciUs  here,  and  who  have  been  fattbfuUy 
attached  to  the  United -Slates  from  the  beginning  o(  the  late  glorious 
Revolution,  will  find  themselves  contracted  within  the  narrow  bounds  of 
the  very  inconsiderable  improvements  they  have  made  in  the  Wcinity 
of  their  villages- 
Soon,  the  industrious  Americans  will  convert  our  forests  into  Nourish- 
ing plantations:  their  furrows  will  reach  to  the  fences  'of  our  gardens: 
our  peltry-trade,  already  much  decayed,  must  be  entirely  annihilated 
by  the  rapid  march  of  husbandry,  the  retreat  of  the  Indian  nations,  and 
the  Qight  of  the  wild  game.  This  accelerated  pn^ress  of  tillage,  we 
know,  is  infinilcly  more  beneficial  to  mankind  than  the  present  unim* 
proved  state  of  an  extensive  and  rich  countr}';  and  wc  du  not  wish  to 
check,  but  to  be  permitted  to  partake  with  our  neighbours  and  friends, 
the  advantages  of  encouraged  activity  and  industry.  As  original  settlers, 
as  faithful  friends  to  the  cause  of  indépendance,  as  an  unhappy  people 
who  have  lost  their  all  by  a  system  of  oppression  which  we  have  fully  dis- 
played  in  our  Memorial,  Wc  beg,  and  humbly  hope  that  the  Honorable 
the  Congress  may  be  graciously  pleased  to  Grant  to  cver>-  male  inhabi- 
tant of  these  villages  of  Kaskaskia  Cahokia,  Prairie  du  Rocher,  and 
St.  Philipp,  without  any  discrimination  of  age,  a  tract  of  five  hundred 
acres  of  land,  Gratis  and  for  ever,  in  the  vicinity  of  their  respective 
villages.  Full  of  the  most  resjicctful  confidence  in  the  et[uity  and  gener- 
osity of  the  Honorable  the  Congress,  Your  Petitioners  as  in  duty  bound 
will  ever  pray  for  the  welfare,  honor,  and  glory  of  the  Uni  ted -States 
of  Nonh-.\merica. 

Kaskaskia  September  15th  1787. 

By  order  and  in  behalf  of  the  french  inhabitants  of  the  Illinois 

Bartholomew  TAKDiVEAt;  Agent. 
\Eiidorstd:\  No  2    Sept.  15.  1787 

•  SM  t*^.  p.  440. 


IXH.\BrrANTS    IN    ILLINOIS,  1787 


449 


Number  of  Incabitants  ni  Ti.ijNors,  1787. 

[C.  C.  Pp.,  Ill-,  Kasluwkia  and  Ky..  slvHt.,  itJs.— A.  D.] 
Enumeration  of  ihe  Male  inhabitants,  french  and  Americans,  of 
Posic  Vincennes  and  the  Illinois 

Poste  Vincennes  |  ^^"•^•' S** 

(Americans  103 

Kaskwkin  5';*^'^':        '91 

I  Amcncans  uncertain 

I  have  two  lists  of  the  Americans  in  the  Illinois,  which  arc  neither  of 

them  exact,  and  do  not  agree  in  the  numbers  and  names. 

Prairie  du  Rocher  french 79 

Village  St.  Philipp  

Cahokia  french 23g 

1133 

Supposed  numljer  of  the  Americans  in  the 

different  districts  of  Illinois  137 

idem  of  the  french  of  village  St.  Philipp 11 

Total 1380* 


Petition  foe  Land  bv  Flint  awi>  Parkeb,  October  18,  1787. 

[Repnnlnl  from  (he  Journal  0}  Cvngrtss,  xO.,  150.^ 
The  subscribers,  for  themselves  and  associates,  with  great  humility, 
propose  to  the  United  Stales,  to  contract  for  the  purchase  0/  the  [wo 
following  tracts  of  land,  viz. 

A  tract  of  country,  beginning  at  the  junclioa  of  the  little  Wabash 
river,  and  running  due  west,  sixty  miles,  thence  due  north,  thirty  miles, 
or  to  such  distance,  as  a  due  cast  course  will  intersect  the  Wabash 
river,  al  the  mouth  of  the  White  river,  and  continuing  the  same  course, 
forty  mile»  due  east  of  the  Wabash,  thence  due  south,  to  the  river  Ohio, 
thence  down  the  same,  along  the  different  courses  thereof,  to  the  mouth 
of  Wabash,  thence  up  the  Wabash  lo  the  place  of  Iwginning  at  the  mouth 
of  the  aforesaid  little  Wabash,  so  as  to  include  twu  million  of  acres. 

t  Scv  CFDiui  prininl,  otàt,  pp.  414  d  laij. 

'ForniilkictiiiJr  obTioiiir«n«oa5  1  havercErEoud  treat  the /i>iir<MJ)«/CMfr<uUirw(Ioeuinniii 
nlxiing  !•>  1I11  tubirrc  of  iSiii  chijiirr. 


45» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Also  a  tract  of  country  beginning  ut  Cape  Au  Gras,  on  tbc  cast  bank 
of  the  Miiïsissippi,  and  rurtning  duc  north  sixty  miles,  tbcncc  due  east 
tiiy  miles,  or  until  this  course  intersects  the  lUînois  river;  ihcncc  due 
south  sixty-five  miles,  or  to  such  distano:  as  a  due  west  course  will 
reach  the  Missis^ppi,  at  the  south  side  of  the  mouth  of  WockI  river; 
thence  up  the  différent  courses  of  the  Mississippi,  including  all  the  islands 
near  the  eastern  side  of  it,  to  Ihe  place  of  begianing  at  the  aforesaid  cape 
of  Au  Gras,  so  as  to  include  one  million  of  acres. 

The  terms  of  payment  to  be  the  same  as  agreed  to  by  Congress  on 
ihc  application  of  John  C  Symmes,  of  the  39th  of  August,  1787,'  with 
this  exception,  that  in  consideration  of  tlie  projKJscrs  undertaking  for 
ihcmsehx-s  and  associates,  to  make  the  necessar)'  advances  for  the  pur- 
chase of  the  Indian  right  of  the  said  described  tracts  in  the  name  and 
bcliiilf,  and  under  the  authority  and  regulations  of  the  United  States, 
ihcy  shall  have  an  allowance  in  the  said  contract  of  four  complete  town- 
ships, in  full  compensation  of  all  their  trouble  and  expenses  on  this 
account  ;  and  likewise  that  (he  payment  of  the  first  proportionate  instal- 
ment shall  only  lake  [»Iace  at  the  expiration  of  nine  months  after  the 
purchase  of  the  Indian  right  is  cfîected,  and'notificd  to  the  United 
Stales  in  Congress. 

(Signed)    Royal  FuNT,  1  forthemseh-cs 
Jos.  Pahkeh,'  1  and  associates. 

New  York,  October  18,  1787. 


The  board  of  treasury-,  to  whom  was  referred  the  above  proiJosaT 
of  Royal  Flint  and  Joseph  Parker,  relative  to  the  purchase  of  certain 
tracts  of  the  western  territory,  report, 

That  the  said  proposal  is  founded  on  [he  same  principles  as  have 
been  agreed  to  by  Congress  on  the  contracts  of  Messrs.  Culler  and  Sar- 
gent,' and  Mr.  John  C-  Symmes,  with  these  exceptions,  viz.  That 
the  propcis(-TS  offer  on  their  part,  and  on  their  own  advance,  (to  be  here- 
after comi}ensated)  to  extinguish  the  Indian  claim  to  the  tracts  which 
they  propose  to  purchase;  and  that  the  proportionate  instalments  on 
the  res|)cctivc  tracts  should  only  be  paid  at  nine  months  after  the  noti- 
fication of  the  said  Indian  purchase  being  completed. 

'  Sm  Amer.  Sim  Paffi,  fMic  La*âi,  \ ,  ii»,  Although  Ftlni  aivd  l^fker  cnUMd  hiio  cnnuact 
for  ibrtr  Jand»,  no  lurtba  stc|B  wot  takni,     lUi^  lo,  ij. 


*On]<»cphPnrkwi 
51  Chi'  Paftri.  ii.,  35 

•FocibcOhiaCo. 


'ta.ttin.C*Vf^»>»*,^.,aax.;  sI«at1iI«*aluinf.iMir.pp.jet,4io;  Smith, 


TARDnEAU-S  ANSWER,  FEBRUARV  9.  1788 


4SI 


On  the  matter  in  reference,  tbe  boaxd  are  of  opinion,  that  if  Congress 
should  agree  to  the  sale  of  tbe  tracts  described  in  tbe  memorial,  that  it 
would  be  pruper  Chat  the  United  States  should  extinguish  the  Indian 
claims  to  (he  said  riescribed  tracts,  should  they  exist. 

That  it  would  be  further  proper  that  the  first  proportionate  pay- 
ments on  the  res^jective  tracts,  should  be  made  whenever  the  several 
contrarts  for  the  same  should  be  compleled,  as  in  the  cose  of  other  con- 
tracts; and  that  nothing  in  the  said  grants  should  allcct  any  claims  of 
Individuals,  which  have  been  secured  (u  them  by  the  act  of  cession  of 
the  state  of  Virginia,  or  any  act  of  Congress. 

October  33,  1787 

Resolved,  That  Congress  agree  (o  the  above  report,  and  that  it, 
together  with  the  proposal  of  Royal  Flint  and  Joseph  Parker,  be  referred 
back  to  the  board  of  treasury  to  take  order. 


Babxhelemi  Takdiveav  Answers  his  Accuseje,  February  9,  17S8. 
[C.  C.  Pp.,  III..  Kaskoskin  and  Ky.,  x\vm.,  75.~A.  D.  S.] 

Sn, 

I  take  the  liberty  to  address  your  Excellency  on  a  Subject,  which, 

tho'  personal  to  myself,  in  the  first  instance,  is  so  Closely  connected  with 
the  interests  i>f  the  [icoplc  whom  I  have  the  honor  to  represent,  that  I 
think  myself  JustifiaUIi.'  in  troubling  your  Excellency  upon  this  occasion.' 
The  French  and  American  Inhabitants  of  Post  St.  Vincent  and  the 
Illinois  Country  having  unanimously  chosen  me  (or  their  Agent  lo  Con- 
gress, I  conceive  it  to  be  my  duty  not  to  enter  upon  the  business  on  which 
I  have  been  Delegated,  untill  I  can  previously  conWncc  that  honorable 
Body  that  my  Constituents  have  sent  a  Man,  if  not  of  abilities,  at  least 
of  a  fair  &  unbtcmish'd  character.  I  have  been  so  generally  known  in 
different  parts  of  tht&  Continent,  for  ten  years  past  that  1  have  resided 
in  America  without  experiencing  any  personal  reflections,  that  my  feel- 
ings arc  wounded  at  finding  myself,  for  the  first  time,  under  the  necessity 
of  vindicating  my  Charaaer  from  a  base  assassination.  Having  been 
very  little  concern'd  in  the  passions  and  pursuits  of  Mankind,  I  have 
always  sought  and,  untill  this  day,  found  my  Security  against  envy  and 
malice  in  an  upright  conscience  and  under  the  Shield  of  the  obscurity  in 

>  The  copr.  ben  reprinlid,  hai  hem  UtVea  Imin  thr  Amir.  Caikeik  Bhi.  Rtuardut,  Nso  S<rî«t. 
■.,  n.  i,  p.  jj». 


«» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


vhich,  from  inclination  as  well  as  from  prinriplc  I  have  hitherto  chosen 
to  wrap  myself  up.  Bui  who  can  expect  to  furnish  hia  career  &  flatter 
himself  to  escape  to  the  eod  the  Sting  of  calumny  ? 

Gentlemen,  whose  esteem  it  would  be  my  greatest  pride  to  deserve, 
have  been  pleas'd  to  inform  me  that  Congress  iia\-e  received  letters  from 
Kaskaskia,'  in  which  some  pains  have  been  taken  to  represent  me  in  s 
very  disadvantageous  lighl.  Who  the  writers  may  be  I  neither  wish  nor 
care  to  know.  The  dark  assassin  I  despise.  Bui,  Sir,  after  a  tolerably 
long  race  "  run  "  in  the  Paths  of  honor  and  integrity  ;  after  spending  my 
whole  life-time,  not  in  the  Pursuits  of  Pleasure  or  Interest,  but  in  the 
acquisition  of  those  Silent  and  obscure  virtues  which  secure  the  esteem 
of  all  good  men  ;  to  find  myself  Suddenly  traduced  by  an  invisible  enemy  ; 
and  much  more,  lo  be  ignorant  of  the  charges  brought  against  my  char- 
acter, this  Sir,  is  truly  a  melancholy  Situation,  especially  for  one  who  has 
more  Sensibility  than  intrigue  and  has  never  been  liackeny'd  in  the  ways 
of  Ibc  world. 

Being  Ihcrcfoa*,  reduced  tu  the  necesiûly  of  defending  myself  at 
random  against  attacks  in  the  Dark,  I  can  only  take  notice  of  two  partic- 
ulars which  the  Gentlemen  above  mentioned  have  been  generous 
enough  lo  rammunicale  to  me. 

The  unknown  writer  (unknown  lo  me  I  mean)  Asserts  that  I  have 
made  use  of  undue  influence  lo  procure  a  few  Signatures  to  the  Powers 
given  mc  by  the  People  in  the  Illinois  Country,  and  that  1  have  taken 
illiberal  advantages  of  them  in  regard  to  ihc  pay  to  be  allowed  me  for 
my  Services.' 

Concerning  this  latter  part  of  the  accusation;  will  any  Gentleman 
think  that  it  was  criminal  in  me  to  Stipulate  a  rom[Hmsatinn  for  my 
expenses  and  the  Sacrifice  of  my  time  and  business?  But,  Sir,  that  there 
may  not  remain  the  shadow  of  a  Suspicion  that  the  People  were  either 
threaten'd  or  decoyed  into  any  Compact  with  mc,  which  might  be  dis- 
agreeable to  themselves;  and  on  the  contrary,  to  put  it  beyond  the 
Possibility  of  a  Doubl  that  it  was  an  Act  of  their  free  will  and  unanimous 
consent,  I  am  willing  lo  deposit  into  the  hands  of  Congress  the  Contracts 
pass'd  between  us,  and  lo  deiH-nd  altogether  upon  the  Generosity  and 
Gratitude  of  my  Countrymen  fur  my  Salary.  In  ihc  mean  while  let 
not  any  Interest  of  mine  be  prejudicial  to  those  of  my  constituents. 

<  Ser  cewunnniDilbnB  from  VaMnirrc  and  LdnjIoiB.  4mI<,  pp>  4.*4*  4lS. 
*  5«e  cMtn«u.  mit.  pp.  440.  4ii- 


TARDIVEAirS  ANSWER,  FEBRUARY  9, 1788 


453 


If  Ihc  Idea  uf  cmolumcnls  being  prumis'd  mc  were  capable  of  retarding 
the  eflecl  of  their  Petitions,  let  that  new  Sacrifice  be  added  to  those  I 
have  already  had  the  happiness  to  make  lo  the  well  being  ul  mankind. 

With  respect  cu  the  furmer  part  of  Ihc  charge  I  hope  it  will  su(E- 
cicntly  appear,  by  the  Credentials  I  shall  have  the  honor  to  present  to 
Congress,  that  the  People  were  all  unanimous  in  freely  choosing  rac  for 
their  Agent;  a  few  only  at  Kaskaskta  excepted,  who  were  under  the 
inBucnce  of  more  than  human  Power.  Give  rac  leave.  Sir,  to  lay  bciorc 
your  Excellency  Sundry  other  Papers  which  I  cxj)ect  will  clearly  shew 
what  sort  of  a  man  he  is  whom  I  have  good  reasons  to  Suspect  to  be  at 
the  bottom  of  this  mystery  of  Iniquity.'  His  motives  I  perfectly  well 
understand.  A  Religious  Despoi,  who  wishes  to  bear  all  before  him  in 
Ihc  name  of  the  Deity,  cou'd  not  but  hate  the  only  man,  perhaps,  in 
that  whole  Country  who,  he  knew,  wou'd  never  Stoop  to  kiss  with  rever- 
ential awe  the  Sacred  Shackles  in  which  he  keeps  all  the  rest  of  those 
unfortunate  inhabitants.'  As  to  his  Attempts  at  being  ludicrous  on  my 
occasion,  as  that  is  but  a  weak  screan  from  Ihc  Slings  of  conscience,  I 
do  from  "my"  Soul  pity  him.  Would  to  God  he  were  allways  Enclin'd 
to  be  merry,  and  that  his  passions  were  never  of  a  Darker  complcxionl 

I  shall  not.  Sir,  pursue  any  farther  this  Justification  of  myself.  The 
noble  pride  of  a  mind,  fax  above  the  level  of  such  creatures  as  this  man 
and  two  or  lliree  of  his  vile  adherents  makes  me  already  feel  degraded 
in  iny  own  opinion,  by  the  necessity  1  have  been  under  of  descending  to 
vindicate  myself  against  them. 

However,  they  shall  not  even  be  gratified  in  their  expectations  u{ 
raising  tn  my  breast  the  faintest  emotion  of  resentment  or  anger:  The 
only  Sentiment  they  may  expect  from  me  is  the  utmost  contempt. 

With  the  Greatest  respect  I  have  the  honor  to  be  Sir,  Your  Excel- 
lency's Most  Obedient  &  Most  Humble  Servant 

B:  Takdivi:au. 

New  York,  Feb' 9^h  1788. 

His  Excellency  the  President  of  Congress. 
[Endorsed:]    Rec'd  Feb.  12,  1788. 

Feb.  15  Referred. 

Mr.  Wadsworth 
Mr.  Irvine 
Mr.  White 

■  Tlii>  nten  to  ihe  pap«n  printed  peil,  p^  $4!  41  Mf . 

)  JudflioB  Irom  th(  iraiulaliom  of  Ibr  pcdfsioilical  lenni  in  llv  ilocuincaU  oairtMd  lo  Co)>> 
gnu  hi/  Tarrllvrau,  he  irj«  »jl  a  Cilliulic,  llnoe  lip  «liOBS  iig)orailc«  of  tbc  Oiibclk  uumniclalurc. 
S«  toa.  pp.  STo.  ^^*■ 


454  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Memorial  rv  Bartheleui  Tardiveau,  February  »8,  1788. 
[C.  C.  pp..  III.,  K^kukU  and  Ky.,  xlviii,,  109.— A.  D.  S] 

To  the  Honorable  the  Congress  of  the  United  Stales  of  North 
America — ■ 

The  French  inhabitants  of  Post  Vinccnncs,  Ka^askia,  Lapr^e, 
Durocher,  Cahukia  and  Village  of  St  Phillip  In  the  Illinois  —  Country, 
Humbly  beg  leave 

To  submit  to  your  oonaderation  a  summary  acaxint  of  their  dis- 
tresses  under  the  various  changes  which  they  have  undergone,  since  ihey 
have  become  Subjects  of  the  United  States. 

Your  Memorialists  arc  deeply  concerned  in  finding  themselves  under 
the  necessity  of  recalling  to  their  minds,  and  displaying  to  your  view; 
a  long  series  of  misTuriunes,  borne  by  them  with  unparalleled  paticnix-, 
and  of  the  most  oppressive  measures  and  wanton  tyranny  exercised 
without  necessity,  as  well  as  without  provocation,  over  an  unresisting 
people  whose  submisson  to  their  Governors,  even  beyond  the  limits 
prescribed  by  the  dictates  of  nature  and  the  laws  of  Society,  has  always 
been  remarkable,  and  indeed  sometimes  noted  as  Servility. 

When,  soon  after  the  beginning  of  the  last  war,  the  Slate  of  Virginia 
sent  a  Body  of  Troops  (0  lake  possession  of  the  Illinois  and  Wabash 
Countries,  Ihcy  met  with  a  hearty  welcome  from  the  inhabitants  who, 
having  at  a  formiT  period  passed  without  their  consent  under  a  foreign 
yoke,  remcmlxTcd  still  that  they  were  bom  Frenchmen,  and  rejoiced 
in  the  Opportunity  of  I)ecoming  one  people  with  a  Nation  with  whom 
their  nearest  relations  at  home  were  then  connected  by  the  bands  of 
Friendship  and  common  interest,  This  was  Icrm'd  a  conquest:  but  it 
was  an  undisputed  conquest  of  the  hearts;  and  ours  had  anticipated  the 
event  before  its  birth. 

We  do  not  wish  to  hurt  ihe  fwlings  of  any  of  our  fellow  creatures; 
but  the  transactions  that  have  taken  place  in  our  country  could  not  be 
understood,  should  lliey  not  be  represented  in  their  native  colours,  at 
the  risk  of  giving-olTence  to  the  pride  of  indivHduals.  the  Illinois  Regi- 
ment, at  their  arrival  among  us,  were  in  the  most  shabby  and  wretched 
state,  very  little  short  of  absolute  nakedness;  upon  the  pledged  faith  of 
the  United  Stales,  all  the  stores  throughout  the  Country  were  freely 
opened  to  them,  succours  of  e\*ery  kind  they  wanted;  we  supplied  them 
with  alacrity,  and,  for  a  number  of  Years,  gave  away  our  provisions,  our 


A  MEMORIAL.  F]!:URU.\KY  38,  178» 


455 


Peltries,  our  Store  Goods,  until!  we  had  nothing  left  to  ^ve.  Officers 
and  Soldiers  rioted  in  abundance  and  unaccustomed  lujcury.  The 
Merchandize,  for  the  most  pari  unfitt  for  their  uses,  were  nevertheless 
bought  off  on  Credit  and  soon  exhausted  :  they  best  con  tell  what  pur- 
poses they  have  been  applied  too,  Our  furrs  were  s«id  to  be  wanted  for 
the  Continental  Manufactories;  and  from  Ignorance  we  parted  with 
them  on  that  plea,  and  thought  we  gained  at  least  credit  for  the  share  we 
bore  in  (he  success  of  the  revolution.  As  long  as  we  had  any  thing  to 
sell,  no  one  Article  could  come  amiss:  whole  Cargoes  of  Dry-Goods; 
Batteaux  loads  of  Taffia,  wine,  and  liquors,  Peltries,  Houses,  Farms, 
all  in  short,  found  a  ready  Market.  The  days  of  delusion,  however, 
could  not  be  of  long  continuance,  the  goods  we  had  sold  (to  the  Public 
as  we  thought)  were  to  be  paid  for  to  the  Merchant,  at  New  Orleans, 
Michilimakinac  and  Detroit:  The  Peltries,  which  are  our  currency, 
had  passed  into  Other  hands;  and,  in  lieu  of  them,  we  had  Book  Ac- 
counts standing  against  the  Stale,  which  are  unsettled  to  this  day;  Bills 
on  the  Treasury,  which,  since,  were  returned  protested,  as  being  drawn 
by  those  who  had  no  right  so  to  do  ;  and  a  paper-money  which  we  were 
made  to  believe  was  equal  to  Gold  and  Silver,  at  a  time  when,  as  we 
afterwards  discovered,  it  was  depriciatcd  in  the  States  from  forty  to 
sixty  for  One. 

Endless  would  be  the  enumeration  of  properly,  squandered  away, 
and,  as  it  were,  wantonly  spoiled  with,  what  became  of  such  quantities 
of  Merchandize  ;  how  they  could  disappear  30  suddenly,  and  in  a  short 
lime  leave  the  purchasers  as  ragged  as  ever,  are  matters  beyond  the 
reach  of  our  comprehension;  but  that  was  none  of  our  business;  we 
expected  to  be  paid  for  them.  One  instance  only  we  shall  mention; 
and  that,  a  Iriffling  one  in  compariaon  to  others.  Sixty  Thousand 
Weight  of  flour  had  been  received  for  the  use  of  the  Garrison  at  Kas- 
kaskia,  then  consisting  of  thirty  nine  Men;  and,  three  Months  after, 
an  appeal  was  made  upon  the  inhabitants  for  a  quantity  of  that  Article 
which  was  wanted  immediately  for  the  relief  of  the  Troops;  The  Mag- 
istrates, in  behalf  of  the  People,  wrote  a  very  submissi%'C  letter  to  the 
Commanding  Officer,  expressing  their  concern  at  their  inability  lo 
furnish  more  supplies,  as  they  had  Fxhaustcd  their  Stores,  for  the 
support  of  the  Army,  and  their  Own  families  were  destitute  of  bread. 
His  answer  was  short,  but  pointed  and  energetic.  Send  the  flour 
demanded,  said  he,  or  prepare  yourselves  for  battle,  for  I  shall  march 


4S6 


nXINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


al  ihf  head  of  my  men  with  charged  Bayonets,'  from  ihat  lime 
the  once  happy  district  of  Ulinws  exhibited  a  scene  of  misery,  dislrcs, 
and  wretchedness:  Otir  relentless  Masters  spurned  at  oiir  proffered 
Love;  and  appeared  more  food  of  striking  awe  than  gaining  oiir  AfTcc- 
tions  and  Confidence.  They  themselves  have  repeatedly  declared  that 
there  was  not  on  Earth  a  People  more  easily  governed  than  the  inh^ 
itants  of  this  Country.  But,  as  if  our  passi^'eness  had  been  for  them 
an  obje<i  of  contempt,  they  seemed  to  be  determined  to  ii^-  how  fai_ 
that  docility,  which  they  construed  into  a  want  of  Spirit,  could  ^M 
strained.  Ours  was  the  task  of  hewing  and  carting  their  &re-wood  to 
the  Baxracks;  Ours  the  drudgery  o£  raising  vegetables  which  we  did 
not  eat;  poultry  for  their  Kitchen,  Cattle  for  the  diversion  of  their 
marksmen.  Congress  will  not  believe  that  our  plow  Oxen  ha^-e  been 
slain  in  the  Streets  and  at  our  doors,  in  a  vein  of  sportive  deûance,  and 
purely  with  a  view  to  exasperate  us  into  some  unguarded  expressions 
from  which  they  ought  think  themselves  justiucd  in  their  unexampled 
tyranny.  Ctmgress  will  not  believe  that  those  atrocities  were  commiiicd 
by  the  Soldiery  before  the  Eyes  of  their  Officers,  without  the  excuse  or 
even  the  pn:icnrc  of  want,  for,  frequently,  tht-y  did  not  take  away  any 
of  the  meat,  and  that  we  were  ihrcalciied  to  be  sent  to  prison  if  we 
dared  to  mutter  a  »ngle  word  of  discontent,  muc-h  less,  perhaps,  would 
Congress  W  inclintnl  to  lielievc  that,  after  these  and  a  thousand  parallel 
instances  of  cruelly  and  Oppression  which  wc  pass  over  in  silence,  our 
attachment  to  the  American  gnvcmmcni  has  remained  Unshaken  and 
Unimpaired.  In  that  rrsiH-ct,  however,  wc  are  happy  in  the  honorable 
testimony  of  the  distinguished  Officer  whom  Congress  haw  sent  at  la^^ 
to  diiTuse  among  us  a  ray  of  comr{>rt  and  the  dawn  of  better  days.       H 

Besides  the  constant  supplies  of  Mcrrhandlze  and  provisions  which 
we  have  unwcaricdly  furnished  to  the  troops,  wc  have,  in  repeated  in- 
stances, raised  contributions  among  ourselves,  in  order  to  make  presents 
to  the  Indian  parties  who,  from  time  to  lime,  assembled  in  our  Neigh- 
bourhood, with  a  determination  to  go  and  Carry  war  into  the  American 
settlements,  thereby  prevailing  upon  their  Chiefs  to  lay  aside  their 
intended  expiditions  and  return  home  peaceably.  Often  too,  we  have 
endangered  our  lives,  and  ha/arded  the  total  destruction  of  our  settle- 
ments, when,  unable  to  assuage  by  gentle  means  the  fury  of  the  savages 
bent  upon  annihilating  all  the  Americans  li%-ing  in  or  near  our  Villages, 

I  See  the  «nrcipondcncB  brtwrm  Miiaifiimcry  and  iht  \tiffnlnle*.  dnli.  pp.  tta,  150. 


A  MEMORIAL,  FEBRUARY  a8,  1788 


457 


wc  have  been  obliged  lo  oppose  (hem  Openly.  On  the  other  hand,  on 
account  of  our  attachment  lo,  and  connection  with,  the  United  States, 
our  naWgation  on  the  Mississippi  has  been  cramped,  and  admlltancc 
into  New-Orleans  denied  our  Merchant«,  which  has  reduced  our  trade 
almost  to  nothing,  from  so  many  concurrent  causes,  these  districts, 
formerly  so  flourishing  and  happy,  are  now  sunk  into  a  state  of  decay 
which  forcibly  strikes  the  attention,  and  must  exdte  the  pity,  of  every 
beholder  whose  heart  is  not  indifferent  to  tbc  rise  and  fall  of  human 
Societies. 

May  our  Posterity  never  know,  may  the  sad  remembrance  be  erazed 
from  our  own  minds  that  the  rapid  decline  of  these  Colonies  is  not  to  be 
traced  farther  back  than  to  the  epocka  that  submitted  them  to  a  Nation, 
from  whom  all  our  calamities  have  not  been  able  to  wean  our  Affections. 

If  our  unlimitted  Submision  lo  the  Authority  of  the  United  States 
could  be  called  in  Question,  which  it  has  never  been,  c\'en  Iiy  those  who 
have  put  it  lo  the  severest  trial,  your  memorialists  beg  that  it  may  be 
rcmcralrered  how  often  our  credulity  has  been  imposed  upon  by  the 
inordinate  desire  of  dominion  under  all  the  shapes  that  self-created 
power  could  assume,  and  that,  nevertheless,  we  have  unalterably  paid 
the  must  implicit  obedience  to  all  the  mandates  which,  we  thought 
originated  from  our  Superiors,  withoui  so  much  as  <iucstioniiig  ihc 
authority  of  those  who  pretended  to  bear  them,  from  1778  urlill  last 
year  wc  have  been  laughl  lo  look  upon  oursclvos  as  suhjccts  of  the  State 
of  Virginia,  during  that  pcriixl,  wc  have  l»cen  succeasivcly,  but  always 
despotically  govcrn'd  by  the  Commander  in  chid  of  the  Illinois  Regi- 
ment; then  by  the  Lieutenanl-ColoncI;  and  finally  by  some  one  or 
other  of  his  pctty-offirers.  long  since  the  State  of  Virginia  had  ceded 
to  Congress  her  rights  to  our  territory;  long  even  before  that  cession, 
her  trnopa  had  deserted  our  Country,  which  ihcy  had  rendered  unfit 
lo  support  them;  and  yet  an  Officer,  whose  Commission  was  expired, 
continued,  from  a  distance  of  three  or  four  hundred  miles,  lo  sway  with 
a  nod,  and  without  the  assistance  of  a  single  Soldier,  or  the  faint  shallow 
of  any  form  of  civil  government,  the  extensive  Settlements  at  Post  Vin- 
cenncs  and  the  Illinois  ;  merely  because  the  idea  was  held  up  to  us  (hat 
be  was  invested  with  full  powers  from  the  Common- we  ah  h.'  Last  year 
an  attempt  was  made  to  raise  a  Regiment  in  these  districts,  and  it  was 
cantoned  upon  the  inhabitants.    Officers  were  taken  from  among  the 

>  Grarfi  Raven  CItrfc. 


Mankind  —  svuh  as  thcj*  were, 
be  duuthvd;  private  properly  was,  coosequeotly,  siczed  [sic]  upon; 
supplivâ  in  the  hands  uf  Merchants  were  taken  by  main  force;  provis- 
ttms  had  l>ccn  demundfd  of  the  inhabitants,  in  the  name  of  Congress, 
and  ihiit  name  always  resfKCied  by  us  obtained  immediately  every  thing 
we  had  In  s|)arc.  Store  goofls,  to  the  amount  of  Four  thousand  [KNjnds 
Sterling,  were  plundeK-d  by  a  mock  Court  Martial,  because  the  owners, 
Iho'  settled  among  us  for  a  number  of  Years,  had  the  mii^fonune  to  have 
been  born  Spaniards.  Citizens  have  been  turned  out  of  their  houses, 
and  women  in  Cliild-bed  dtslurbeil  and  insulted  by  a  Guard  in  the  next 
room  to  theirs,  who  would  not  suffer  the  Slaves  to  come  near  their 
Mistress  and  bring  her  milk  for  the  new  bom  infant  —  if  any  one  among 
us,  less  passive  than  the  rest,  or  tormented  beyond  (he  powers  of  patience 
was  daring  enough  to  signify  a  desire  to  know  by  what  Authority  they 
acted,  abusii'C  language  and  dreadful  threats  were  all  the  answer  he 
received,  and  the  most  mild,  submissive,  unresisting  people  that  ever 
existed,  were  stigmatized  with  the  appellations  of  seditious,  Rebels  and 
Tories.'  Had  all  these  grievances  been  heaped  upon  us  by  those  alone 
who  bore  at  least  the  ajiparent  badges  of  delegated  power,  our  willing 
dodlity  might  not,  perhaps,  have  its  full  merit  with  Congress,  as  so 
much  submisaivencss  might  be  atributed  to  an  habit  of  being  giiycmed 
by  military  rulers.  But  how  many  have  come  among  us,  who  were  not 
inwsted  with  any  ostensible,  or  even  so  much  as  pretended.  Authority  ; 
and  who,  finding  us  like  a  flock  without  a  Shepherd,  have  assumed  Ibe 
Crook,  and  who  have  directed  and  controuled  us  at  their  Option  with- 
out resistance.  Every  man  from  the  ITnited  States  has  passed  himself 
upon  us  for  what  he  pleased,  and  as  easily  as  he  pleased  for,  to  be  candid, 
these  settlements,  tho  made  at  an  eariy  aera,  have  rather  retrogaded 
towards  the  primitive  state  of  human  Society  than  proceeded  forward  to 
the  improvements  of  civilised  life.  Our  manners  have  all  the  simplicity 
irf  the  first  Ages  of  Mankind;  knowledge  has  neither  refined  nor  cor- 
rupted them,  even  the  use  of  letters  is  almost  totally  unkuo^n  among 
us;  and  we  govern  ourselves  by  a  moral  sense  of  right  and  wrong  more 
than  by  the  coercive  power  of  positive  laws.  This  unadvanced  stage 
of  Sociability  has  affordetl  to  many  an  op[>ortunity  of  availing  themselves 
of  our  good-nature,  easiness  of  disposition,  want  of  leoraing,  and  unex- 


)  Evîdcnlly  TardîMaii  MX  the  nrtoslt}  af  ditnrciac  the  caiae  ai  hi*  dimtt  from  lliat  ol  Claik, 
irbo  had  nuik.hLitudI  luipopulju  with  Cvageaa  bf  bis  ul*ipil  rtiirditian  i^pinK  tb<  Indkoi  in  tTll6, 


A   MEMORL-O,  FEBRUARY  aS,  1788 


499 


perience  of  the  World,  Such  advantages  \io.vs  been  taken  of  our  illiterate 
stale,  That  a  simple  rvpiirt  of  a  Cummittee  of  Congress,  recommeading 
the  necessity  of  taking  into  consideration  the  situation  of  the  Illinois 
Country,  has  been  by  siomc  designing  persons  palmed  upon  us  for  aframc 
of  Government  actually  established,  which  they  explained  to  us  as 
suited  to  their  purposes,  meetings  of  the  inhabitants,  convened  after  our 
usual  forms,  and  not  haWng  any  political  object,  to  which  we  are  ulter 
strangers,  but  merely  for  establishing  our  courts  of  Justice  on  such  a 
footing  as  miight  in  some  dcgnt  st'airc  life,  peace,  and  property,  have 
been  iK-rcmptorily  forbidden  and  disolvcd  by  people  who  had  no  public 
Charector,  but  said  they  had  orders  from  Congress  which  they  would 
shew  when  they  thought  proper,  and  that  no  assembly  should  be  held 
without  their  consent.'  Gentlemen  better  acquainted  than  vc  are  with 
the  reciprocal  obligations  of  the  social  compact,  or  who  have  not  had  an 
Opportunity  of  viewing  a  small  federal  family  like  ours,  thrown  by  itself 
in  a  comer  of  the  world,  unimproved  by  com  muni  cat  ion,  and,  as  it  were, 
dropped  Naked  and  uninformed  from  the  hands  of  Nature,  will  perhaps 
be  at  a  loss  to  know  which  ought  to  be  most  wondered  at,  the  impudence 
of  those  political  Sycophants  in  a  Country  under  the  protection  of  the 
United  States,  or  our  lameness  and  passive  obedience  upon  all  such 
occassions. 

Your  Memorialists,  afraid  of  tiring  the  attention  of  the  Honorable 
the  Congress,  will  not  spin  out  any  farther  the  long  tale  of  their  sufler- 
in^;s  under  an  arbitray  and  illiegal  power,  a  total  want  of  civil  govern- 
ment, and  the  most  distressing  uncertainty  whether  they  should  ever  be 
taken  notice  of  as  a  people  or  no.  We  heartily  forgive  the  Authors  of  our 
misfurtunes;  and  although  tbey  have  precipitated  us  from  a  state  of 
allluence  and  happiness,  into  an  abyss  of  misery  and  poverty,  this 
narrative  is  not  intended  to  hurt  them  in  any  shape  whatever.  May  the 
memory  of  the  injuriées  they  have  done  to  this  unfortunate  Country  1» 
buried  in  eternal  oblivion.  In  thus  displaying  the  disagreeable  retro- 
K[»cct  of  tlieir  past  miseries,  your  Memorialists  have  only  proposed  to 
themselves  to  interest  your  feelings  at  the  same  lime  that  tbey  ha%'e,  by 
their  respective  petitions,  applied  to  your  equity  for  a  grant  of  land  in 
their  own  Country,    and  as,  during  a  period  of  nine  years,  property 

■"Thc>xmptcttpon"i*pHai(i]aiM,  p.  »i.  Tb«  ^iaw>  »n  pnteblytlnwdM  JmwpliPBtkv. 
but  the  Jncunmii  Ihai  hare  Iwcn  prnavai.  do  notihow  KDTsurh  adlun  un  lib  wrt  at  chaffed,  tl 
uyoDi  did  prohibit  an  iMonblrollIiPp'opI*  in  itir  a^njE of  iTtiT.ii  is  raorc  UkdV  lo  hi*«  btcn  John 

DiidKr.  BCKOM  «hum  Tanliviaii  iiiahr*  iki  iKCiuatiuQ.   ICbr  ImI  n  tin!  thr  kMcmUr  >U  briri  ami  ihc 

jutiCE»  woe  elected. 


lis  for 

l>03Cfld 

in  3^M 

ard  t^l 


to  a.  considerable  amount  has  been  obtained  from  them,  supposicd  to 
for  the  use  of  the  Public,  for  which  no  payment  or  compensation  h 
ever  been  made,  and  which,  at  a  moderate  computation,  they  think 
cannot  be  less  than  One  Hundred  and  fifty  Thousand  Dollars  for  Po^ 
Vincennes  and  two  hundred  Thousand  for  the  different  districts  of  the 
Illinois,  oltbo  few  are  in  possession  of  sufficient  vouchers,  others  have 
sent  away  their  Continental  bills  and  drafts,  or  have  ported  with  thei^H 
for  a  triffle,  your  Memorialists  entertain  a  respectfull  Confidence  that  thë^ 
Honorable  the  Congress  will  be  graciously  pleased  (o  grant  them  such 
an  overplus  of  land,  abo%-c  the  five  hundred  acres  Ihey  have  petitioned 
for,  as  you  may  deem  a  suflident  com|>ensation  for  their  losses;  part 
of  which  to  \k  given  to  those  who  shall  1m;  able  to  produce  satisfactory 
accounts  of  the  sums  (hey  ha%x>  advanced  tolhc  public; and  the  remain- 
der to  be  applied  by  the  Communiiy  lo  uses  of  General  henifit,  such  as 
building  Coun-Hcuscs  and  places  of  Worship,  founding  schools  for 
the  better  education  of  (heir  children,  and  such  other  usefull  puq 

Your  Memorialists  arc  not  ignorant  that  Congress  have  in 
Occurrences  manifested  their  intention  of  doing  us  Justice  in  regard 
our  Possessions:  but  as  wc  apprehend  that  they  have  never  been  suffi- 
ciently informed  of  our  peculiar  rimimstanccs,  we  Iwg  lea%-e  lo  enter 
into  some  details  from  which  it  will  appear  that  the  resolves  of  Congress 
passed  in  our  behalf,  if  literally  executed,  will  amount  almost  to  nothing. 

When  wc  settled  ourselves  on  the  banks  of  the  Wabash  and  Missis* 
sipie.  Trade  with  the  ludions  first  was  and  has  ever  since  continued  (o 
be  our  sole  object,  the  CuJiure  of  Lands  attracted  our  attention  no  farther 
than  was  neccsi.ary  for  the  bare  subsistance  of  ourselves  and  families. 
In  this,  our  private  inclinations  were  perfectly  consonant  with  the  poUt- 
ical  systems  of  our  Masters:  hence  the  Crown  granted  but  very  tncoa^| 
siderablc  tracts  of  Land,  and  hence  also  wc  were  still  more  indifferent 
about  obtaining  than  she  was  parsimonious  in  giving  them.  A  Common 
for  our  Cattle  and  a  few  Acres  for  grain  answerd  all  the  purposes  of 
home  consumptiun,  and  we  had  no  Idea  of  exporting  produce.  By  far 
the  greatest  number  among  us,  entirely  addicted  to  their  Indian  trade, 
found  it  inconvenient  or  thought  it  tuo  troublesome  to  raise  even  the 
small  portion  of  bread  they  required,  and  the  few  who  had  a  turn  Tor 
husbandry  were  fully  suflicient  lo  supply  the  wants  of  our  little  commu- 
nities. From  this  order  of  things  two  consequences  have  flown  naturally, 
the  importance  of  which  wc  begin  now  to  l>c  sensible  of:  the  one,  thi 


A  MEMORIAL,  FEBRUARY  aS,  1788 


401 


bardly  any  of  us  bave  secured  lo  themselves  a  competent  quantity  of 
Land  whilst  wc  could  obuin  tbem  from  the  Kings  of  France  or  England  : 
the  other,  that  allho'  there  have  certainly  been  Charters  of  talcrably 
extensive  Territories  granled  to  these  respective  districts,  which  were 
from  time  to  time  to  he  apportioned  to  individual»,  the  documents  and 
records  that  ought  lo  pruve  the  existence  of  those  Charters  are  most  of 
Ihcm  perished;  partly  by  the  little  alienlion  our  forefathers  paid  them 
and  the  ncgkct  of  our  Recorders;  partly  because  Ihey  had  come  out 
in  the  name  of  some  Lord  Proprietor  or  other  who  carried  them  over  to 
France,  or  of  Religious  Societies  who  exist  here  no  more,  and  finally, 
thro'  the  injuries  of  lime,  unavoidable  in  in/ant  Colonies  like  ours  where 
few  had  learning  enough  to  peruse,  none  a  strong  interest  in  preserving 
them  from  the  worms  and  mould  or  other  accidentii.' 

After  this  ingenuous  and  caudid  explanation,  your  Memorialist» 
find  themselves  inclined,  from  the  respectful!  and  dignified  oppinion 
they  have  formed  of  the  Honorable  the  Congress,  to  entertain  the  most 
liberal  coafidunce  that,  the  more  thay  have  thrown  themselves  into  your 
power,  the  more  generous  treatment  they  will  meet  with  from  your 
Equity,  the  appropriated  lands  which  we  have  possessed  individually 
lime  out  of  mind  could  not  by  any  Law  of  Nations  hsLvt  been  taken  from 
us;  and  we  conceive  that  the  Laws  of  Congress,  which  secure  our  rights 
and  priviledgcs,  are  nut  confined  to  that  narrow  compass,  but  mean  a 
general  comfirmation  of  all  the  terriories  [sù\  formerly  conceded  to  us 
as  communities  by  our  Kings,  whether  our  claims  he  supported  by 
auihentick  Charters  or  merely  by  oral  tradition. 

If  the  acts  of  your  Honorable  Body  convey  a  meaning  of  t  hat  generous 
latitude,  your  Memorialists  feel  a  noble  pride  in  having  it  in  iheir  power 
loshcwyoulheirdisinterestedness,  and  are  exalted  in  their  own  oppinion 
by  ihe  idea  of  a  combat  of  liberality  with  you.  Some  of  our  Charters, 
that  especially  of  Post  Vincennes,  arc  of  such  extent  as  to  be  almost  equall 
lo  any  of  the  United  States.  So  much  territorj-  in  our  hands  might  occa- 
sion, betwixt  your  councils  and  us  difficulties  which  we  wish  to  prevent. 
That  circumstance,  we  are  sensible,  might  in  a  great  measure  obstruct 

*  M.  TardKnu  u  fa^a\^iy  Inicniuia  in  prcMstini  tht  cUknia._  The  truth  ».  hDwrre*.  ibal  no 


,  _       _.    'cretcnf  .  .-,   -- 

lUbiuB  Frrnch,  like  tb*  Vnaa  f«nm«««i«,  wen  wy  ciml\û  in  |)rmTiF  poptn  of  iti  kindi. 
It  DM  been  for  the  ordeauMN  Cf  lh>  Aawleu  CUitodUiu.  ihc  niinil<rr  nl  nipni  nmrwij 
JC. MSS.,  and  C.  ass., «utM  be  hr  jpmltr.     At  timn  I  *m  InriinnI  to  tblikTlhot  hu  bet 
ttrutiton  ol  paiicn  l>v  lawtwMd  VHttB»  b  «rder  M  covrt  up  Ihtir  Lnaitry.    Conndt  Alvard. 
UM  lUakuku  Rtconk,"  fuUkmUm  tit  ihc  Oii-  tUit.  Sodnr,  iga«.  ' 


463 


ILLINOIS  mSTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS 


youT  wise  plans  for  setlJing  this  Cuuntr)*,  and  in  many  ways  be  pre|U' 
didal  to  its  general  prosperity,  to  these  great  and  important  considéra- 
tions  we  cheerfully  saoi&ce  all  views  of  private  Interest.  We  solemnly 
and  uncondilionally  surrender  to  the  Honorable  the  Congress  of  the 
United  States  all  our  Charters,  excepting  only  that  in  behajf  of  the 
Church  of  Cahokia;  confiding  at  the  same  time  that  our  respective 
Petitions  prajing  for  a  gift  of  five  Hundred  acres  of  Land  to  every  male 
inhabittant  of  these  districts,  besides  what  Congress  may  be  pleased  to 
grant  us  as  a  compensation  forthepropertywc  have  lost  with  the  Public, 
shaJI  not  be  rejected.  It  would  be  cruel  to  think  that,  because  we  have 
formerly  contented  ourselves  with  a  few  acres  of  ground,  we  ought  and 
may  now  rest  satisfied  viith  as  Utile.  Those  limes  arc  no  more  when 
the  Value  of  Lands  was  unltnoR-n  to  us,  and  we  could  live  in  affluence 
without  the  assistance  of  our  Soil.  Trade  has  left  our  Shores:  The 
Indian  nations  have  disappeared  from  our  Neighbourhood:  Our 
connections  with  Detroit,  Michilimackînac,  and  New  Orleans  are  cut 
off.  abundance  \\Ai  tied  this  once  happy  Clime  :distre&s  is  at  our  doors, 
Poverty  and  want  have  taught  us  the  necessity  of  tilling  the  fields; 
and  wc  have  leamt  from  the  Indiistrioirs  .Americans  settled  here  what 
Valuable  treasures  are  hid  lor  us  in  the  bosom  of  [he  Karth. 

By  order  and  in  behalf  of  the  frcnch  inhabitants  of  Poste  Vincennes, 
Kaskaskia,  Cahokia,  La  prairie  du  rocher,  and  village  St.  Philipp 

Bartholouew  Tardiveau,  Agent. 

New-york  tebruary  the  28th  1788. 
[Endorsed:]     No.  3.     28  Feby.  17&8 


Mkuorial  by  Barthcixui  Taruiveau,  February  28,  1788, 
[C.  C.  pp.,  III..  Ka»kjwki*«nd  Ky.,  xlviii.,  113.— A.  D.S-I 

To  the  Honorable  the  Congress  of  the  United-States  of  North- 
America. 

The  I-'n:nch  inhabitaiiUi  of  Poste  Vjncennes  on  the  Wabash;  Kas- 
kaskia,  Cahokia,  Prairie  du  rtK?hcr,  and  village  St.  Philipp  in  the  Illinois 
country,  impressed  with  the  most  respectful  confidence  that  their  respcc- 
tive  Petitions,  praying  for  a  gift  uf  five  hundred  acres  of  land  to  every 
male  inhubilant,  will  be  favorably  regurdefl  by  the  Honorable  the  Con- 
gress, Inrg  leave  further  to  elucidate  their  situation  and  the  objects  of 
their  demands. 


A   MEMORIAL,  FEBRUARY  28,  1788 


4«â 


The  inhabitants  of  Poste  Vinccnncs  possess,  Since  the  epocka  of 
their  first  scttlemcnl,  a  Common  pasture-ground  for  their  cattle,  under 
one  fence,  of  about  two  miles  m  depth  and  eight  miles  in  front,  two  thirds 
of  which  arc  ponds  and  impracticable  morasses.  A.  few  among  them 
took  up,  under  the  authority  of  their  former  govemorst  small  tracts  in 
the  woods  of  between  eight  and  twelve  acres  in  superficies,  where  they 
used  to  make  their  sugar,  and  which,  from  that  circumstance,  they  call 
their  sugar-camps.  All  the  farming  lands  which  they  have  formerly 
obtained,  besides  their  Common,  do  not  amount  to  four,  or  at  most, 
6ve  thousand  acres.  Since  the  conquest  made  of  that  country  by  the 
State  of  Virginia,  the  Court  has  granted  to  every  American  adventurer 
four  hundred  acres,  subject  to  such  regulations  as  might  be  made  here- 
after by  Congress.  Not  half  a  dozen  of  the  french  have  availed  them- 
selves of  that  opportunity  of  obtaining  lands.  Their  Charter,  or  the 
cession  made  them  by  the  Piantjuicha  Indians  in  the  year  1768  begins  at 
Pointe  coupée  twelve  leagues  above  the  Poste  by  water,  down  to  the 
mouth  of  White  river  twelve  leagues  below  said  Poste  ;  and  is  to  extend 
forty  leagues  to  the  Eastward  and  thirty  to  the  Westward  which  contains 
about  eight  millions  of  acres.' 

All  the  bottom  from  the  mouth  of  the  Kaskaskia  river  to  Prairie  du 
rwher,  and  from  the  hills  along  that  river  to  the  Mississipî  has  been 
long  since  apportioned  by  government  to  the  inhabitant-s  of  these  two 
villages,  and  contains  from  eighteen  to  twenty  thousand  acres;  and,  as 
the  number  of  their  male  inhabitants  la  two  hundred  and  .seventy,  this 
givt's  seventy-four  acres  to  every  one  of  them  including  their  Cotnmon 
which  is  very  extensive.  The  Deputy  County-Lieutenant  of  this  dis- 
trict, in  conformity  to  the  directions  of  Colonel  Todd  appointed  by  the 
stale  of  Virginia  County-Ucutcnant,  has  granted  to  some  few  Americans 
and  french  tracts  of  Eighty,  one  hundred  and  sixty,  and  three  hundred 
acres,  subject  to  be  hereafter  controuled  by  Congress.  The  Jesuits 
bad  at  Kaskaskia  a  grant  from  the  King  of  francc,  of  four  square  leagues. 

The  village  of  Cahokia  is  included  within  a  grant  of  four  square 
leagues  made  in  (he  year  1743'  by  Messr,  De  Boisbriant  and  Dcsursins 
Commandants  to  the  Missionaries  of  the  order  o(  St.  Sulptct-,  In  1768 
the  Bishop  of  Quebec  and  these  fathers  ceded  to  the  inhabitants  of 
Cahokia  the    usufruit   «f   this  grant.     Within    its  bounds  they  have 


■  On  Ihb  claim.  i««  >c>tf,  p.  «gs,  n.  i. 

>I>ii(.Eal  jminl  tn  the  Semiiury  at  t'firtifn  MiMloat  wu  ntt 
tlul  ui  ihs  cunTirmallm  ii(  ihs  gnial  of  ibo  commoni  of  KukukH. 


Th*  diM  t\tta  ia  lh«  ten  i« 


4â4 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


the  few  improvements  they  bave  made;  and  some  concessions 
have  been  granted  by  their  court  to  the  Americans  settled  at  Grand- 
ruisseau,  tno  tcague;;  and  a  half  from  the  village.*  The  remainder  of 
the  Americans  live  on  the  intermediate  space  between  village  St.  Philipp 
and  the  boundaries  of  the  Cahokta  Grant. 

from  these  premises  it  wilt  appear  why  the  inhabitants  of  Cahokia 
did  not  join  with  the  other  districts  in  giving  up  their  Charter,  because 
it  is  not  immediately  vested  in  them. 

The  inhabitants  of  Posie  Vincennes  and  the  several  districts  of  the 
Illinois,  in  consequence  of  the  abuvc  statement,  presume  with  diffidence 
to  pray. 

That  the  five  hundred  acres  of  land,  for  which  they  haw  pctitiotied 
(he  Honorable  the  Congress,  may  be  granted  to  them,  exclusive  of  the 
small  Iracrs  they  are  already  possessed  of  in  virtue  of  concessions  to 
them  made,  previous  to  the  country  being  taken  possession  of  by  the 
stale  of  Virginia. 

That  it  be  ordered  that  all  the  grants  made  by  the  Cou nty*Lieut en- 
ant  or  his  deputy,  and  by  our  respective  courts,  since  we  became  sub- 
jects of  Virginia,  shall  be  confirmed  to  the  respective  Grantees  ;  provided 
that  so  much  a^  has  been  &o  conceded  to  ihcm  shall  be  part  of  what  may 
be  granted  by  Congress. 

Thai,  in  consideration  of  the  poverty  of  the  inhabitants,  the  fees  of 
the  Sun'eyore,  employed  in  laying  off  the  different  tracts  that  may  be 
graiiltd  ty  these  districts,  l>e  paid  by  Congress. 

Thai,  as  an  alleviation  of  our  distresses  and  loses  during  these  ten 
latit  years,  the  lands  of  the  frcnch  inhabitants  of  these  districts  may  be 
exempted  from  taxation  for  so  long  as  it  will  please  Congress  to  order  it. 

That  t  tic  lands  to  be  granted  to  the  f rench  and  American  inhabitants 
of  Poste  Vincennes,  on  the  Eastern  side  of  the  Wabash,  begin  at  llie 
upper  opening  of  the  false  channel  vulgarly  called  he  faux  chenal,  ibunce 
going  up  the  Wabash,  so  that  ihc  depth  from  this  ri^-er  shall  be  one  third 
of  the  length  along  said  river,  and  include  the  whole  quantity. 

That  the  boundaries  of  the  lands  to  be  granted  to  the  frcnch  and 
American  inhabitants  of  the  different  districts  of  the  Illinois  be  from 
the  mouth  of  the  Kivi^re  à  Marie,  up  and  along  the  Mississippi  to  ihc 
upiier  limit  of  the  Cahckia  Charier,  along  said  limit  to  a  North-  and 
South-line  that  shall  intersect  an  East-  and  West-Uuc  from  the  mouth 
of  the  Rivière  à  Marie,  so  as  lo  include  the  whole  cjuanlity. 

■  Comult  IB  Bia  C'ii*aii>iM,  Si.,  ^j. 


I 

I 
I 


REPORT  ON   MEMORIAL,  MARCH  6,  1788 


465 


And  finally,  that  the  grantâ  to  the  french  b«  di»tinguish'd  and  sepa- 
rate frum  thusie  lo  be  made  to  the  Amencaa  inhabitants. 

Nfw  york  fcbniary  aStb  1788. 

By  unjcr  and  in  bchaU  of  the  french  inbabtlanls  of  Poste  Vincennes 
and  the  Itlinoia 

Bartholqukw  Takdiveau 

A^ui. 
[Endorsed:]  No  4  Keby.  aS.  1788 
No.  4. 


CoMMnTEE's  Report  on  TXrdiveaii's  Memorials,  March  6,  1788. 

[C.  C.  pp.,  Jll,,  Kaskaskia  and  Ky.,  xxx.,  49;.— A.  D.  S-] 

Mr  Wadsworth  Mr  Irviij  Mr  White 
The  Committee  to  whom  was  refca-d  the  Pitctiims  [sU\  of  the  French 
and  American  I|n]hubitaDl5t>f  Post  Vincents  and  the  Illinois  —  by  their 
Agent  Mr  Taidieu  —  beg  leave  tu  report  —  that  the  Petitions  arc  not 
accompanied  by  any  documents  which  justify  the  claims  of  the  Feti- 
t[i]uners  lu  Lands  under  aniient  grants,  and  your  Cummiltee  arc  of 
opinion  the  prajr-er  of  the  Petitioners  be  nut  griuited  —  they  further  re- 
port that  Ihe  State  nf  Virginia  in  their  Cession  of  the  Lwids  North  wc3i 
of  the  River  Ohio  Stipulated  "That  the  French  and  Canadian  inhab- 
itants, and  other  settlers  of  the  Kaskasslcias,  St  \nncentsand  the  neigh- 
boring Villages  who  have  professed  themselves  cittizens  of  Virginia, 
shall  have  their  Possessions  and  titles  confirmed  lo  them  and  be  pro- 
tected in  the  enjoyments  of  iheir  rights  and  liberties"  And  your  Com- 
mittee arc  of  Opinion  —  that  the  Governor  of  the  Western  Territory 
be  directed  to  obtain,  as  soon  as  may  be,  from  the  Pciiilonesa  [m]  '"  a 
Statement  of  their  right*  lo  lands  within  the  sd  Country  guaranteed  to 
them  by  Congress,  in  their  acceptance  of  the  Virginia  Cession,  with  the 
origin  and  extent  thereof."  and  report  the  same  to  Congress  with  a 
plan  fnrsecureing  lo  the  Petitioners  the  pcacablc,  and  quiet  possession 
of  of  [siir]  Ihcir  just  rights 
[Endorsed:]  No.  5.     Report  of  Mr  Wadsworth 

Mr  Trvin 

Mr  White 
On  address  of  Inhabitants  of  post  S*  Vincents  entd.    read  6  Mareh 
■  788 


4M 


HISTORICAL 


March  37tb.  1788      recommitted  with  Petition  Ma[r]ch  iSlh.  1788 
from  the  same  Inhabitants  by  Mr  Tardivcau  AgcDt 
Mr  Waiiswortb 
Mr  Inn  ne 

Mr  White  — 


Memorul  bv  Bartiielemi  TARDtVEAU,  March  i8,  1788. 
[C.  C.  Pp.,  Ill-,  lUskaskia  and  Ky.,  xlviiL,  aai.— A.  D.  S-J 

To  The  Honorable  the  Congress  of  the  United-States  of  North- 
America  The  Memorial  of  ihc  french  and  American  inhabitants  of 
Poste  Vinccnncs  and  the  Illinois  country    Humbly  Sheweth 

After  the  several  Petitions  and  Addresses  which  we  have  had  the 
honour  lo  present  to  Your  Honorable  Body,  we  cannot  wait  but  with 
the  most  respectful  confidence  the  issue  of  your  determination  upon 
them.  Our  demands  are  so  moderate,  they  will  altogether  amoimt  to 
such  alriHingquanlily  of  land,  and  the  principles  on  which  we  rest  them 
are  80  well  acknowledged,  that  lo  entertain  any  fear  lest  (hey  should 
not  be  grani»l,  would  betray  in  us  a  want  of  a  proper  sense  of  your 
juslicc  and  humanity.  Wc  have  no  apprehensions  on  that  score;  but 
are  afraid  that  even  your  good-will  towards  us  may  be  defeated  by  a 
measure  which  your  wisdom  may  think  proper  to  adopt;  but  which, 
we  conceive,  will  in  its  conscqurntcs  marr  your  benevolent  intentions, 
and  deprive  us  of  their  beaeQl  ixa  cUcctually  as  if  you  had  disdai:icd  our 
Petitions. 

Vuur  Memorialists  beg  lea\'e  to  take  notice  that,  although  their 
Agent  has  received  no  Official  information  concerning  the  business, 
yet  some  circumstances  lead  us  to  presume  that  t)ie  determination  of  it 
will  perhaps  be  deferred,  untill  the  Honorable  the  Congress  have  re- 
ceived a  fuller  account  respecting  our  country,  from  His  Extelienty  our 
Covx'mor.  Should  this  be  the  case,  Your  Memorialists,  conceiving 
themselves  on  the  verge  of  destruction,  lake  the  liberty  of  Kubmiiling 
to  your  more  mature  consideration  tlie  almost  unavoidable  consequences 
that  will  re<>ull  from  that  Kystem. 

The  departure  of  His  Excellency  the  Governor  of  the  North-Westem 
country,  frum  this  City,  may  be  ilelayeii  some  considerable  time:  ^  the 
treaty  he  proposes  to  bold  with  the  Indians  will  detain  him  two  or  three 

1  Rricn  to  Ih»  tecmnmrrublKin  of  thr  cummiUir  on  March  6.    See  anlt,  p.  465. 


• 


A  MEMORUL,  MARCH  18,  178S 


467 


months:  by  that  time,  our  rivers  will  be  low,  which  will  not  ptrmit  him 
to  01X1%%  at  Poste  Vinccnncs  but  late  in  the  Summer:  }Ie  must  spend 
there  several  months  to  establish  and  organize  the  new  government, 
and  acquire  the  Kjiowlodge  which  Congress  might  wish  to  receive  from 
him:  his  journey  from  thence  to  the  Illinois,  the  necessary  diplomatic 
and  civil  arrangements  there,  and  the  same  inquiries  to  be  made  as  at 
Poste  Viacennes;  all  these  matters  can  not  be  compleated  beforc  the 
Winter;  and  it  is  more  Iban  probable  that  the  necessary  instruction 
shall  not  arrive  before  the  Spring  of  the  next  year.  At  that  juncture, 
there  will  be  a  new  Congress,  who  shall  be  strangers  to  the  business, 
and  before  whom  it  shall  have  to  be  laid  again.  Their  attention,  then, 
will  very  likely  be  engrossed  by  the  organization  of  the  new  Constitu- 
tion ;  and,  if  the  interests  of  the  comparatively  insignificant  inhabitants 
of  the  Westward  are  not  dropt  altogether,  they  will  at  least  suffer  a  delay 
which  their  situation  for  ten  years  past  renders  very  oppressive,  and 
will  l>c  felt  the  more  se%-en:Iy,  as  thu-y  sli:ill  find  themselves  disappointed 
of  the  hopes  ihey  had  l>cen  encouraged  lu  conceive.  In  the  meantime, 
they  shall  be  afraid  uf  making  im[>ruvemenl9  on  lands  which  they  are 
not  sure  to  hohl  ;  and  every  kind  of  induslry  will  remain  at  a  stand  for 
one  or  two  years  longer.  We  can  nut  think  that  Congresti  may  be  tn- 
diiïcrenl  to  the  distresses  of  so  many  gcxxl  and  valuable  members  of 
the  communily. 

Another  danger  of  the  most  allarming  nature  wilt  inevitably  result 
to  Your  Memorialists  from  a  delay  which,  in  our  humble  opinions,  can 
produce  no  kind  of  gcwid.  Largt-  tracts  of  land,  almost  in  our  neighbor- 
hood, have  already  been  sold;  and  there  is  every  degree  of  probability 
thai  before  a  twrlvc-raonlh,  that  is  to  say,  Ijcfore  Congress  may  rcceii-e 
any  information  from  His  Excellency  our  Governor  respecting  our 
situation,  many  other  sales  shall  be  made,  which  very  likely  will  lake  in 
the  very  lands  that  we  expected  to  obtain,  and  leave  ua  without  any 
hopes  of  relief  or  subsistance.  Add  to  this  (he  uneasiness,  anxiety,  and 
discouragement,  that  a  protracted  uncertainty  must  naturally  create  in 
Ihe  minds  of  people  who  have  never  yet  received  a  kind  look  from  the 
government  under  which  Ihcy  live.  Since  the  year  1778,  they  htt\-c 
been  constantly  harrasscd,  oppressed,  and  plundered.  Wear)-  of  thci'r 
sufferings,  they  had  given  up  all  future  prospect  of  better  days,  and  dis- 
piritedly bowed  down  their  heads  under  the  weight  of  calamity;  when 
last  summer,  a  respectable  character,  sym[>aihyzing  with  their  mis- 


468 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAI.  COLLECTIONS 


Fortitnes,  encMira}^  tttcm  to  ho|Hr  iliat  thcir  Petitions  would  find  în 
Congress  a  ready  dis^nisitioin  tci  Jilli'viiitc  thdr  misery.  Delayed  com* 
mtseration  will  appear  to  them  under  the  «hape  al  a  denial  of  it. 

Your  Memoriatisls  conceive  thai  nothing  can  suggest  the  propriety 
of  such  a  measure,  but  a  desire  of  knowing  who  is  intitlcd  to  a  gift  of 
land,  or  who  is  not.  The  frcncfa  Qatter  themselves  that  their  claims 
meet  with  the  full  approbation  of  Congress;  and  as  to  the  Americans 
all  those  who  settled  in  these  districts  before  the  first  of  March  1784 
are  most  undoubtedly  under  the  protection  of  the  stipulation  made  by 
the  State  of  Virginia  in  behalf  of  all  who  had  professed  themselves 
citizens  of  that  state  previous  to  the  cession  made  by  it  to  Congress. 
If  so,  we  humbly  apprehend  that  Congress  might,  by  granting  a  tract 
of  hundred  acres  to  every  American  who  came  under  that  description, 
the  number  of  whom  may  easily  be  ascertained  hereafter  as  effectually 
provided  against  unjust  claims  and  demands  as  they  can  at  any  future 
period  whate^-er.  A  Resolve  of  this  kind,  bearing  tlie  characters  of 
equity  and  benevolence,  would  quiet  the  minds  of  the  inhabitants; 
impress  them  with  a  due  sense  of  atta(Jiment  and  gratitude,  and  en- 
courage them  to  pursue  with  alacrity  their  useful  emplciymcnts.  The 
love  of  the  subjects  is  always  desirable  10  a  vrise  and  humane  goM:m- 
ment;  but  we  beg  leave  to  a<ld  that  the  affections  of  the  inhabitants  of 
these  districts  are  more  peculiarly  so,  as  their  influence  with  the  Indians 
may  be  of  use  to  the  Utiiled- States. 

Ncw-york  March  181  h  1788 

Babthoixukfw  Tardiveau 

.\gent  for  the  frencb  and  American  inhabitants  uf  Poste  Mncennes 
ajiil  the  lUinoia  — 

[Endorsed:]  Petition  —  French  and  American  Inhabitants  —  St  \^n- 
cennes  and  Illinois  —  by  Bastholomew  Takdiveau 

Read  March  18th.  1788    March  27th  1788 

Referred  —  Mr  Wadsworth 
Mr  In-inc 
Mr  White  — 


MORGAN'S  PETITION,  MAY  i,  if» 


469 


George  Morgan  pRTtnoNS  for  Land,  May  i,  i;88. 
[C,  C.  Pp..  ili.,  6,  496.— A.  D.  S.] 

To  the  honourable.  The  United  Stales  oE  America  in  Congress 
assembled, 

The  Memorial  ui  William  Newbold,  Cleayton  Newbold  &  Joseph 
Newbold  of  Springfield,  John  Cox  of  Bloomsbury  Joseph  Bloomfield 
of  Burlington,  Joel  Gibba  of  Mansfield  Daniel  Vanloo  of  White-hill, 
all  of  Burlington  County — George  Morgan  of  Prospect,  Liaac  Smith, 
Samuel  W.  Stockton,  DaWd  Brearley  &  Aaron  Dunham  of  Trenton, 
Richard  Stockton  of  Morvcn,  Frederic  Frelinghuyscn  &  Henry  Vandikc 
of  Sommersct  County  &  Evist  Van  Wickte  of  Spotswood  Middlesex 
County,  all  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey  &  William  Edgar  of  the  Ciiy 
of  New  York,  by  their  Agent  George  Morgan  duly  authorised  &  ap- 
pointed for  the  Purpose, 

Respectfully  shewelh, 

That  they  for  themsclws  &  (heir  Associates  are  desirous  to  contract 
for  &  to  purchase  from  the  United  Stales  of  America,  Two  Million 
Acres  of  Land  situate  &  bounded  as  follows  —  Beginning  at  the  River 
au  Vase  where  the  Line  of  the  Army  Lands  extended  due  West  from 
the  Mouth  of  the  litllc  Wabash  River  shall  strike  the  said  River  au  Vase, 
thence  due  North  until  a  due  East  Line  extended  from  the  Missisippi 
River  at  the  Mouth  of  Wood  River  shall  intersect  the  same,  thence  due 
West  to  the  Missisippi  River  at  the  Mouth  of  Wood  River  aforesaid, 
thence  down  the  Missisippi  River  along  the  Boundary  Line  of  the 
United  States  of  America  to  the  Mouth  of  the  Ri\XT  au  Vase,  thence  up 
the  said  River  au  \'ase  along  the  several  Courses  thereof  to  the  Place 
of  Beginning  —  (saving  &  reserving  to  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskias, 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  Fort  Chartres,  St.  Phillips  &  Kahokia,  &  all  others 
haWng  just  Qaims,  their  respective  Rights  within  the  said  Boundaries, 
to  be  determined  as  Congress  shall  direct)  for  which  your  Memorial- 
ists by  their  said  Agent  will  engage  to  pay  on  similar  Terms  granted  by 
Congress  to  other  Companies,  or  on  such  other  Terms  as  their  Agent 
may  deem  more  advantageous  to  their  Interest. 

It  is  the  Intention  of  your  Memorialists  to  divide  the  said  Territory 
into  two  hundred  equal  Shares  at  least,  &  to  include  that  Number  of 
Share  holders,  of  respectable  Characters  only,  all  on  equal  Terms  with 
Ourselves  &  to  encourage  no  Emigration  for  the  Settlement  thereof 


470 


ILLLNOIS  mSTORiCAL  COLLECTIONS 


but  of  Families  well  affected  to  the  Uoited  States  &  of  good  moral 
Character,  being  sensible  that  it  is  necessoT)'  to  the  Interest  of  America 
tocultivatc  Harmony  &Peace,  not  only  with  the  Subjectsof  bis  Catholic 
Majesty,  but  the  neighbouring  Indian  Nations  with  whom  we  tx>uceive 
a  considerable  Trade  may  be  opened,  highly  to  the  Interest  oE  America. 
Your  Memorialists  arc  of  Opinion  that  this  la  the  natural  Channel  fori 
9/ioths  of  the  rich  Fur  Trade  which  is  at  present  carried  to  Canada! 
OS  Returns  may  be  made  lo  these  States  In  twelve  Months  which  require  j 
three  &  often  four  Years  to  be  made  to  Montreal,  from  the  di£Gcullies  of  J 
lite  Navigation  &  the  Numerous  Portages  by  the  lake  of  the  Woods  to  < 
the  most  Northern  Sources  of  the  MisslsippI,  from  whence  the  richest 
Furs  are  derived. 

Your  Memorialists,  sensible  that  Good  Government  is  indispcn- 
sibly  nei;es&ary  to  Ibe  Prosperity  of  every  Country,  have  further  auihur- 
i2ed  St  directed  Ihetr  Agent  lo  pray  of  Congress  to  set  off  Si  erect  intofl 
an  Independent  Slate  all  the  Lands  contained  within  the  following^ 
Boundaries  — Vizt.  Begimiing  at  the  Confluence  of  the  Ohio  Si.  Missis- 
ippi  Rivers,  thence  up  the  said  Ohio  River,  along  the  sc^-cral  Courses 
thereof  to  the  River  Wabash,  thence  up  the  said  River  Wabasli  along  the 
several  Courses  thereof  to  the  old  Muscoulon  Fort  nlmve  St.  Vincents, 
thence  due  West  to  the  Misâisippi  River  thence  down  the  said  Misss- 
ippi  River  along  the  Boundary  I-.ine  of  the  Unilud  Slates  of  America 
10  the  Ohio  River  at  Ihe  Place  of  Beginning — Or  —  such  other  Boun- 
daries as  Congress  may  be  pleased  to  prescribe  ;  reserving  to  Congres» 
ihc  absolute  Right  of  Sole  &  Dispo^'tion  of  all  ihe  Vacant  Lands  con- 
tained within  Ihe  same  —  And  your  Memorialists  further  respectfully 
pray  that  they  &  their  AssodaEcs  may  carry  with  them  &  enjoy  the 
Constitution  &  form  of  Government  now  cslalilishcd  in  the  State  of 
Massachusetts  Bay,  with  Right  lo  Represent aiinn  in  Congress  on  pro- 
ducing saiisfactory  Proof  that  the  Numlw-T  of  free  Inhabitants  amt 
10  Thirty  Thousand.  May  ist,  1788. 

[Here  loUow  Ihe  ruimes  oj  iiui  persons  mentioned  at  ihe  heginniHg.\ 

By  their  Agent 

Georoe  Morgah 
\Enâarseâ:\    No.  90.    George  Morgan  for  purchase  2  Mill  Acres 
tcrr'^    Read  13  May,  lyfiS 

May  14    Referred  to  the  Imard  of  treasury  lo  report 

Acted  on  June  20th,  1788 


SOME  PROPOSALS.  MAY  15.  17*8 


471 


The  Proposals  op  Geokge  Morgan  and  Associates,  May  15, 1788. 

(C.  C.  Pp.,  idL.  6.  500.— Copy.] 

Proposalsof  the  New  Jersey  Society  for  the  purchase  of  iwo  Million 
Acre»  of  Land  agreeable  to  I  heir  Memorial  to  Congress  referred  to 
the  honblc.  Treasury  Board.        New  York  May  15th,  1788. 

First  On  similar  icrms  in  all  respects  to  ihosc  granted  to  Messrs. 
Flint  &  Parker.    Or, 

Setoûd  We  will  pay  the  whole  purchase  Money  down  in  one  entire 
paymeot  within  one  Month  alter  compleleiug  the  Survey  of  the  boun- 
daries by  the  Geographer  of  the  United  Stales  or  his  Deputies,  aud  ascer- 
taining the  quantity  at  half  a  dollar  p  Acre  in  public  Securities  —  the 
United  Stati-s  to  extinguish  the  Indian  Claims.    Or, 

Third  We  will  pay  the  whole  Purchase  Money  down  as  aforesaid, 
al  One  third  of  a  dollar  p.  Acre  taking  upon  ourseh'es  to  extinguish  the 
just  Claims  of  all  the  Indian  Nations  residing  thereon. 

And,  In  Order  to  expedite  the  completion  of  the  Surveys  we  will 
make  every  necessary  Advance  of  Money  to  the  Geographer  General 
to  enable  him  to  execute  the  some  —  Lo  be  deducted  out  of  the  purchase- 
Money. 

(signed)    Georvie  Morgan 
Agent  for  the  New  Jersey  Society. 
[Endorsed:]    Proposals  of  Geo.  Morgan   &  associates  for  purchase  of 
Land 

Report  OP  a  Congressional  Committee  on  Illinois  Lands,  no  date.' 

[M.  C.  T.  MSS.—  Printed.] 
THE  COMMITTEE,  consisting  of  M>.  WADSWORTH,  Mr. 
IRWINE  and  Mr.  WHITE,  to  whom  was  referred  the  Petition  of  th.- 
French  and  .American  inhabitants  of  Post  St.  Vincent's  and  Ibe  Illinois, 
by  their  Agent,  Mr.  TARDIVEAU,  beg  leave  to  report.  That  as  there 
is  much  uncertainty  about  the  possessions  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
country  upon  the  Wabash  and  Mississippi  rivers,  and  the  quantities  of 
land  that  they  may  be  entitled  respectively  to  hold  and  enjoy,  by  rights 
acquired  before  they  became  subjects  of  the  United  States;  in  order  to 


,  but  ll  II  ilw  report  ol  th<  um«  eonnniUH  to  wfacMi 
itiF  fiilloirin|[  monnrbl  o(  TkixHirMil 


■  The  cUtc  of  thti  MpoTi  tku  UM  bee&  lo 
«ai  rritrrnl,  oo  Msnrh  >;.   ilw  menwciil  of  kuich  |8;   *ad  ..      _  .      _ 

tpoit  },   iT<).  il  e*l<lcuUT  anaiuwcdoltilalbat  Ibcdtltmiul  havt  bwo  alltr  Maick  i8,  «nd  wit 
bdar  Uay  ly,  Ibc  date  of  Tu>(lii«ill*iait 


47» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


quiet  ihcir  minds,  ii>  maintain  them  im  their  just  rights,  and  cxicnd  to 
Ihem  the  lil>craliiy  of  ibe  United  States,  they  submit  ihc  fuUnwing 
resolutions,  viz. 

RESOLVED,  Thai  the  Governor  of  the  Westeni  TerrHory  shi 
cause  tu  be  sunt-'ycd  and  laid  out,  as  soon  as  may  be,  a  Tract  of  Ls 
upon  the  Wabash  River,  bounded  in  Ihc  following  manner,  to  wil: 
Beginning  at  the  place  where  the  Rivera  Maries  falls  into  the  Wabash; 
and  running  thence  eaât  eight  miles;  ihcncc  north  to  Ihc  soutfaem. 
boundary  line  ol  a  tract  of  land  lately  agreed  for  by  the  Board  of  Tret 
ury,  with  Meiurs.  Flint  and  Parker;'  thence  with  that  line  to  the 
Wabash,  and  across  the  same  twenty  miles;  thence  due  north,  so  far 
as  lo  meet  a  due  west  line  drawn  from  the  point  of  beginning. —  Also^l 
one  other  Tract  of  Land  upon  the  Mississippi,  bounded  in  the  followin| 
manner,  viz.  Beginning  at  ihe  mouth  uf  the  Wo<xl  Kiver,  and  mnninj 
with  the  southern  boundary  line  of  a  Iraci  of  land,  lately  agreed  for  by 
the  Boanl  of  Treasury,  with  Messrs.  Flint  and  Parker,  (o  the  Kaskaskia 
River;  thence  southerly  unlil  it  meets  Ihe  Mississippi  at  the  mouth  of 
the  River  au  Vase  ;  thence  with  that  river  to  the  place  of  bi^nning,  and 
including  all  the  islands  in  Ihat  river  near  lo  the  eastern  bank  of  the 
same;  which  two  Tracts  of  Land  will  contain  and  circumscribe  all  the 
scltlemcnis  made  by  the  andent  French  inhabitants  ciccpt  such  as  may 
have  l>ecn  wiihin  the  Iran  agreed  for  with  Flint  and  Parker  upon  the 
Illinois  River,  and  the  rights  of  each  as  may  have  been  settled  thercoa) 
and  provided  for  by  the  agreement  with  them. 

RF»SOLVEI),  That  the  Governor  of  the  Western  Territory  shatl 
cause,  as  soon  as  may  be,  due  enquiry  to  be  made  into  the  claims  to 
lands  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  country  u[>on  the  Wabash  and  Mississippi 
Rivers;  and  where  it  shall  be  ascertained,  cither  by  records  that  have 
been  prescr\-od  in  Ihe  country  or  by  authentic  writings  in  the  possession 
of  the  parties  clmming,  which  may  not  have  lieen  recorded,  that  lands 
may  have  liecn  granted  to  any  of  the  said  inhahit-inls  by  the  French 
government,  or  conceded  to  thrm  by  the  military  officers  in  command 
there  from  time  to  time  —  or  by  the  Intendant  or  other  ci^Hl  officer  of 
that  Crown,  who  may  have  been  entrusted  with  the  disirihution  of  lands; 
he  shall,  provided  the  quantity  expressed  in  such  grant  di>Ps"not  exceed 
four  hundred  acres,  on  the  application  of  the  said  inhabitants  respec- 
tively, or  of  their  heirs  or  legal  representatives,  cause  the  same  lo  be 

>  Sec  anU.  p,  450, 


A  REPORT  ON  ILLINOIS  LANDS 


survejred  and  laid  out.  agreeably  to  the  descriptions  in  the  said  writings 
and  records  contained  at  their  own  proper  costs  and  charges;  and  shall 
grant  letters  patent,  under  ihe  seal  of  the  government,  and  counter- 
signed by  the  Secretary,  confirming  the  same  to  the  said  parties,  and  to 
their  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever;  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  country  upon 
the  Wabash  the  lands  to  be  laid  out  in  the  tract  upon  the  Wabash,  and 
to  the  inhabitants  of  the  Mis^ssippi  in  the  tract  upon  the  Mississippi. 

And  whereas  it  may  be,  that  persons  may  have  acquired  equitable 
titles  to  lands  under  some  peculiar  customs  established  and  recognized 
in  the  ancient  French  Colonies  where  no  actual  grants  have  passed  in 
that  case:  RESOLVED,  That  the  Governor  of  the  Western  Territory, 
wherever  it  shall  be  made  satisfactorily  to  appear  by  any  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  countries  upon  the  Wabash  and  Mississippi  Rivers,  or  by 
the  heirs  or  legal  representatives  of  any  persons  who  haw  heretofore 
been  inhabitants  of  the  same,  that  they  or  their  predecessors  respectively 
had  acquired  equitable  or  customary  rights  to  lands,  shall  cause  to  be 
surveyed  for  each  on  their  applying  for  the  same,  and  al  their  proper 
costs  and  charges,  four  hundred  acres  of  land,  within  either  of  the  before 
described  tracts  of  land,  in  that  upon  the  Wabash  for  the  inhabitanla 
upon  the  Wabash,  upon  the  Mississippi  for  those  upon  the  Missiir- 
sippi  ;  and  issue  letters  patent  under  the  seal  of  the  government,  granting 
the  same  to  the  individuals  and  to  their  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever. 

And  whereas  the  country  upon  the  Wabash  and  Mississippi  Rivers, 
was,  by  the  Treaty  of  Paris,  1763,  ceded  lo  the  Crown  of  Great-Britain, 
and  grants  of  land  may  have  been  made  to  individuals  inhabiting  there, 
by  the  officers  of  that  Crown  :  RESOLVFD,  that  the  Go«mor  of  the 
Western  Territory  shall  cause  like  enquiries  to  be  made,  as  in  the  cases 
of  the  ancient  French  inhabitants,  and  order  the  lands  to  be  surveyed 
and  laid  out  for  them  respectively,  within  the  bounds  of  the  before 
dcscrilwd  tracts  of  land;  and,  under  Ihc  same  limitations  and  restric- 
tions, issue  letters  patent  confirming  the  same  to  them,  and  their  heirs 
and  assigns  respectively  for  ever. 

And  whereas  from  the  conquest  of  the  country  upon  (be  Wabash 
and  Mississippi  Rivers,  until  the  cession  made  by  the  State  of  Virginia 
(0  the  United  States,  the  same  was  under  the  dominion  of  that  State, 
and  many  persons  may  have  removed  during  that  period  into  (he  said 
country,  and  have  acquired  legal  or  equitable  titles  to  lands  under  the 
laws  or  customs  of  \nrginia;    RESOLVED,  That  the  Governor  of  the 


474 


HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Western  Temtory  shall  cause  due  enquiry  to  be  made  into  tbe  same, 
and,  upon  the  same  being  ascertained,  to  order  the  lands  to  be  sur^'eyed 
and  laid  out  for  ihe  persons  claiming  tbe  same,  their  heirs  or  legal  repré- 
sentatives, within  either  of  the  before  described  tracts  of  land,  and  Issue 
letters  patent  confirming  them  lo  them,  and  their  heirs  and  assigns  for 
ever,  under  and  subject  to  the  same  regulations,  limitations  and  restric- 
tions, as  are  prescribed  in  the  case  of  the  French  and  English  inhab- 
itants. 

And  whereas  it  may  be  that  within  the  boundaries  of  the  before  de- 
scribed tracts  of  land  upon  the  Wabash  and  Missisappi  Ri^-ers,  after  all 
the  claims  of  the  inhabitants,  whether  legal  or  equitable,  to  any  quantity 
of  land  not  exceeding  four  hundred  acres  for  each,  shall  have  been  satis- 
fied, there  may  j-et  remain  an  overplus:  RESOLVED,  That  the  Gov- 
ernor of  the  Western  Territory  may,  and  he  is  hereby  empowered  and 
directed,  upon  application,  to  order  the  same  to  be  sim-eycd  and  laid 
out  for  any  person  or  persons,  in  quantities  not  exceeding  four  hundred 
acres  fur  each  applicant  ;  and  to  issue  letters  patent,  granting  and  con- 
taining the  same  to  the  said  applicants  respectively,  and  to  their  heirs 
and  assigns  for  ever,  they  paying  for  the  same  at  the  rate  of  [fr/(Jn>]  per 
acre,  any  thing  in  the  powers  lo  the  Board  of  Treasury  to  dispose  of 
Western  Territory  nolwilhstanding;  out  of  which  powers  the  before 
described  tracts  of  land  upon  the  Wabash  and  Mississippi  Rivers  are 
hereby  esprcsly  excepted. 

RESOLVED,  That  where  the  claims  to  lands  of  the  inhabitants  of 
the  country  upon  the  Wabash  and  Mississippi  rivers,  whether  legal  or 
equitable,  do  not  amount  to  four  hundred  acres  for  each  ;  the  Governor 
of  the  Western  Territory  may,  and  he  is  hereby  empowered,  at  the  request 
of  the  parties,  to  grant  to  the  parties  a  quantity  in  addition,  that  shall 
make  up  four  hundred  acres  for  each  inhabitant  ;  and  provided,  that  in 
all  ca'w^  where  the  claim  exceeds  that  quantity  he  shall  report  the  same, 
with  all  the  circumstances  attending  it,  to  Congress,  for  their  decision  : 
And  to  the  end  that  the  business  may  be  conducted  with  safety  and  pro- 
priety, as  well  fur  the  United  States  as  for  the  individuals  interested, 
RESOLVED,  That  the  Governor  shall  erect  an  office,  where  all  persons 
claiming  lands  under  grants  from  (he  crown  of  France,  the  government 
of  Great-Britain,  or  the  state  of  Virginia,  shall  present  the  same,  or 
authentic  copies  of  the  records,  where  the  same  may  have  been  preserved, 
and  from  which  warrants  of  survey  shall  issue  to  the  surveyors  to  be 


A  MEMORIAL,  MAY  19,  ij88 


475 


appointed  to  lay  out  the  same,  which  surveyors,  before  they  cnlcr  upon 
the  execution  of  their  office,  shall  take  an  oath  or  affirmation  of  âdelity 
to  the  United  Slates,  and  for  the  due  and  faithful  execution  of  their  offices 
respectively,  before  they  enter  on  the  same,  which  warrants,  together  with 
plots  of  the  tracts  of  land,  shall  be  relumed  to  and  ûled  in  the  said  office, 
before  any  patent  shall  issue  ;  and  in  all  cases  where  equitable  titles  shall 
have  been  ascertained,  the  Governor  shall  certify  the  same,  under  his 
hand  and  seal,  to  the  party,  which  certificate  shall  be  rccorrled  inlhesaid 
office,  and  warrants  of  survey  issued  thereupon,  and  return  of  the  war- 
rants, together  wiih  the  plots  of  the  land,  be  relumed  aiuE  filed  before 
any  patent  for  the  same  shall  issue;  And  the  Secretary  of  the  Govern- 
ment shall  make  return  once  in  every  three  months  lt>  the  Secrelarj'  of 
Congress  uf  all  warrants  issued  by  the  Governor  in  pursuance  of  the 
foregoing  resolutions. 


Memoriai.  bv  Barthei-kmi  TARDrvEAn,  May  19,  1788. 
[C.  C.  Pp.,  xlviii.,  aa;.— A.  L.  S.'] 

To  the  Honorable  the  Congress  of  (he  United  States  of  North 
Amerira 

The  Memorial  of  ihe  French  and  American  inhabitants  of  Poste 
Vincemies  and  the  Illinois 
Humbly  Sheweth 

A  Report  of  the  Committee  appotDted  to  exunine  the  sct-eral  Fcti< 
tions  and  Memorials  presented  to  Congress  by  our  Ajjent,  having  acci- 
dentally been  communicated,  its  dispositions  have  struck  us  with  amaze- 
ment and  consternation.  Wc  wish  not  lo  tire  the  patience  of  the  Honor- 
able the  Congress,  and  shall  briefly  discuss  the  different  Resolves  of 
that  Report. 

The  second  Resolve  saith,  that  where  it  shall  be  ascertained  either 
by  records  or  by  authentic  writings  that  lands  may  have  been  granted  by 
the  officers  of  the  French  crown  to  the  inhabitants,  the  Guvcmur  of  the 
Western  territory  shall  cause  the  same  lo  be  .survey 'd  and  laid  nut  at 
their  own  projwr  costs  and  charges,  and  grant  letters  patent,  Provided 
the  quantity  expressed  in  such  grants  does  not  excee<d  four  hundred  acres. 

Your  Memorialists  have  already  informed  the  Honorable  the  Con- 

t  T1i«n>  b  B  Ulr  cop/  ol  Ihi*  mmurU  modr  hy  TutUvtBu  h  tN  W.  C.  T.  USS.  TU»  h  w 
uuwcf  toUMtonnittM'sKport  ptlllBd«i(«.p-4ït  1  mv . 


43< 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


fftm  fay  their  Memorial  of  March  last  Ko.  j  *  thai  our  public  Records 
h&R  partly  {)en»h»I  by  lires,  or  thru'  the  neglect  of  the  oflicen  entrusted 
vilh  the  keeping  of  them.  Ami  shall  property  lawfully  obtained  frotn 
their  then  sovereign,  and  pos9es.<ted  by  the  inhabitants  for  fifty  or  Sixty 
years,  be  wrested  from  them  by  the  United-States  of  America,  because 
accidents  may  hB\'e  deprived  ihem  of  the  titles  by  which  they  claim  the 
inheritance  of  their  ancestors?  No,  Sir;  we  can  not  entertain  that 
opinion  :  the  idea  of  it  is  repugnant  to  the  respect  wx  ha\*e  for  the  Honor- 
able the  Congress:  but  yet  the  Resolve,  as  it  run.s,  carries  with  it  thai 
doctrine.  It  further  sailh^  that  the  land»  possessed  by  the  French  inhab- 
itants shall  be  survey'd  and  laid  out  at  their  own  proper  costs  and  charges. 
Thoie  lands  have  already  been  .sur\*cy'd  and  laid  out  at  their  own  prxtpcr 
costs  and  charges  ;  but  it  seems  that  the  minds  of  the  people  must  be 
disquieted  by  a  new  Survey;  and  the  exjxïnces  attending  it  added  to  the 
other  distresses,  vexation,  and  violence  they  haix  experienced  for  ten 
years  post.  The  Resolve  docs  not  stop  here:  it  ordains  that  the  Gov- 
ernor shall  grant  letters  patent  for  such  lands,  —  Prwidcd  the  quantity 
expressed  in  such  granls  doea  not  exceed  four  hundred  acresi  By  what 
rule  of  right,  or  by  what  principle  of  law,  your  Committee  were  led  lo 
conccix-c  that  any  jxiwer  whatever  on  earth  could  deprive  individuals  of 
tbcir  property,  we  cannot  possibly  guess.  It  appears  to  us,  simple  and 
illiterate  as  we  arc,  that,  had  any  one  among  us  obtained  from  the  King 
gf  France  or  of  England,  while  they  held  this  country,  six  or  eight  or  ten 
hundred  acres  of  land,  it  is  not  to  be  taken  from  us  by  a  Report  of  a  Com- 
millee,  or  by  any  authority  whatsoever  short  of  absolute  despotism. 
The  lands  we  now  possess,  together  with  all  our  rights  and  liberties,  have 
been  stipulated  for  and  confirmed  Jn  all  the  transactions  between  Cod- 
gress  and  the  Slate  of  Virginia  for  the  cession  of  the  Western  territory, 
Videlicet  ;  by  the  acts  of  the  legislature  of  that  State,  of  January  the  2d, 
I  ;8i  and  October  the  aoth  1 783,  and  by  the  Deed  of  cession  executed  by 
their  Delegates  in  Congress,  March  the  ist  1784.  Our  present  passca- 
sions,  therefore,  can  neither  be  subject  to  the  controul  and  limitations 
prescribed  by  your  Committee,  should  they  exceed  four  htmdrcd  acres 
for  each  gram  ;  neither  do  they  need  a  new  confirmation.  We  have, 
thro'  our  Agent,  Petitioned  the  Honorable  the  Congress  for  a  Gift  of 
five  Hundred  acres  in  addition  to  what  we  now  pos.iess  Gratis  to  every 
male  inhabitant  of  these  districts  without  any  discrimination  of  age. 

t  Tbc  lUtc  n[  Ihc  Memorial  wu  trlifualr  iS-     Sm  «mU,  p.  4IH. 


A  MEMORIAL,  MAY  19,  1788 


477 


This  last  circumstance  has  not  been  attended  to  by  your  Committee,  and 
they  have  moreover  shifted  the  ground  of  the  main  bus'ness.  In  sup- 
port of  our  Petition,  we  have  pleaded  our  hopes  as  ancient  settlers  and  as 
Strenuous  friends  to  the  American  Revolution;  our  wrongs  as  a  much 
injured  people  by  ibe  military  forces  of  Virginia;  and  our  dépendance 
on  the  justice,  humanity,  and  benevolence  of  Congress.  Our  griev- 
ances and  expedations  are  set  forth  at  large  in  our  Memorial  of  March 
last  No.  3.  Fortunately  for  us,  as  we  find,  there  is  not  one  of  the  French 
inhabitants  of  these  districts  who  did  ever  obtain  or  demand  from  their 
King  the  quantity  of  four  hundred  acres,  beyond  which  Grants  are  to  be 
invalid  ;  but  still  the  disposition  of  this  Resolve,  as  it  supposes  that  to 
bcthccase.is&ubversireof  all  notions  of  justice  and  of  the  right  of  prop- 
erty. Wc  beg  leave  to  ask  if  this  be  quieting  the  minds  of  the  people, 
maintaining  them  on  their  just  rights,  and  extending  to  them  the  liberal- 
ity of  the  United  States,  as  set  forth  in  the  preamble  to  the  Report? 
From  the  complexion  of  the  different  Resolves  that  follow,  and  thro 
the  whole  of  which  runs  a  mysterious  obscurity,  it  appears  that  those 
who  have  legal  or  equitable  titles  to  lands,  acquired  cither  under  the 
King  of  France,  the  King  uE  England,  or  under  the  laws  and  customs  of 
Virginia,  shall  receive  letters  patent  for  a  grant  of  four  hundred  acres 
from  the  Governor  of  the  Western  territory;  but  there  is  no  provision 
made  for  those  who  have  never  yet  obtained  a  foot  of  land,  and  who  arc 
the  majority  of  the  French  inhabitants:  for,  by  the  tenor  of  the  Report, 
they  do  not  seem  to  come  under  the  description  of  those  who  have  equit- 
able claims.  The  Sixth  Resolve,  indeed,  provides  that,  after  all  the 
claims  of  the  inhabitants,  whether  legal  or  equitable,  shall  have  been 
satisfied,  the  Governor  of  the  Western  territorj'  may  grant  four  hundred 
acres  lo  each  applicant  they  paying  for  the  same  at  the  rate  of  \biank] 
per  acre.  But  your  Memorialists  observe,  with  submission,  that  they 
have  not  employer'd  their  Agent,  nordcair'd  your  Committee,  to  pur- 
chase lands  for  them,  or  enter  into  any  arrangement  in  their  behalf  on 
that  footing.  And  even  should  this  be  thought  a  favour.  It  is,  in  regard 
to  them,  nugatory,  as  they  live  at  such  an  immense  distance,  have  not  the 
least  correspondence  with  these  States,  arc  entirely  unacquainted  with 
paper-speculations,  and  have  not  of  course  any  means  of  availing  them- 
selves of  the  opportunities  of  which  others  know  so  well  how  to  profit  by, 
of  purchasing  public  securities  at  a  low  rate,  and  therewith  acquiring 
large  tracts  of  land  almost  for  nothing.    Your  Memorialists,  therefore, 


478 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  C"OLLECT10N'S 


must  either  pay  four  hundred  hard  Dollars  for  four  hundred  acres  d 
land,  which  their  po\'erty  renders  utterly  impossible,  or  remain  as  they 
are  without  property.  How  con  this  be  looked  upon  as  an  act  of  benevo- 
lence, when  we  know  full  well  that  gentlemen  will  no  doubt  step  in 
between  Congress  and  us,  offer  to  purchase  the  country  we  inhabit  for 
depreciated  certificates,  and  retail  it  to  \i&  at  a  much  lower  rate  than  we 
con  buy  it  for  from  Congress  if  the  Report  of  your  Committee  is 
adopted. 

The  preamble  to  the  Report  saith,  that  there  is  much  uncertainty 
about  the  possessions  of  the  inhabitants  of  Poste  Vincennes  and  the 
Iltinnis;  and  we  apprehend  that  it  is  this  uncertainty  which  occasions 
some  doubl3  in  the  minds  of  several  Gentlemen  in  Congress,  lest  by 
granting  Qvu  Hundred  aiTes  to  every  male  Individual,  over  and  alx>vc 
what  they  alrraily  hold,  too  much  should  be  given,  as  it  might  be  that 
they  alruody  possessed  very  large  quantities  of  land.  These  doubts  can 
easily  be  removed,  and  the  proportion  of  the  country,  given  away  by  Con- 
gress, asccrtainwlwiih  prtvision.  The  whole  numlrer  of  the  male  inhab- 
itants of  Poste  Vincennes,  French  and  Americans,  is  six  hundred  and 
twenty  three;  and  those  at  the  Illinois  are  six  hundred  and  fifty  seven. 
IF  then,  Congress  should  not  think  proper  In  grant  each  of  them  five 
hundred  acres  exclusive  of  their  present  possessions  which  Congress 
may  think  are  extensive,  by  granting  them  each  six  hundred  acres  in- 
cluding their  ancient  possessions,  every  possibility  of  mistake  or  deception 
will  be  done  away;  the  minds  of  the  people  will  then  indeed  be  quieted, 
and  the  Hberality  of  the  United-States  wilt  have  been  extended  to  them 
at  the  trifling  cost  of  seven  hundred  and  sixty  eight  thousand  acres  of 
land  including  the  ancient  rights  of  the  inhabitants;  in  lieu  of  which,  the 
people  of  Poste  Vincennes  have  given  up  to  Congress  a  charter  gireti  to 
them  by  the  Indians  many  years  before  the  Revolution,  and  of  course 
indefeasible  by  the  United-States;  which  Charter  contains  Nine  Mil- 
lions six  hundred  and  seventy  six  thousand  eight  hundred  acres.  We 
conceive  that  this  last  consideration  alone  ought  to  be  of  some  weight 
with  Congress. 

Your  Memorialists  are  so  fully  convinced  of  the  justice  and  benev- 
olence of  the  Honorable  the  Congress,  that  they  think  it  unnecessary  to 
detain  your  attentions  any  longer  on  this  Subject;  and,  as  in  duty 
bound,  will  ever  pray  for  the  honor,  glory  and  welfare  of  the  United- 
States  nf  North-America. 


I 


REPORT  OF  COMMITTEE,  JtJNE  ao,  1788 


479 


By  order  and  in  behalf  of  the  frcnch  and  American  inhabitants  oE 
Post-Vincennes  and  the  Illinois  B:  Tard^-eau  Agent. 

New-york  May  19th  i;88 


Repokt  of  CnuMiTTER  OP  Congress,  June  20,  1788. 
[M-  C,  T.  MSS.'—  Printed] 

By  the  United  States  in  Congress  Assembled  June  20,  1788 
The  Committee  consisting  of  Mr.  Williamson,  Mr.  Dane,  Mr. 
Carrington,  Mr.  Kcamcy,  and  Mr.  Wingaie,  to  whom  was  referred  the 
Memorial  of  George  Morgan  '  and  his  associates,  respecting  a  tract  of 
land  in  the  Illinofs  country  on  the  Mississippi  having  reported  thereon, 
and  their  report  being  amended  as  follows:  "Thai  there  are  sundry 
French  settlements  on  the  river  Mississippi  within  the  tract  which  Mr. 
Morgan  and  his  assodates  propose  to  purchase.  Near  the  mouth  of 
the  river  Kaskaskias,  there  ts  a  village  which  appears  to  have  con- 
tained eighty  families  from  the  beginning  of  the  late  revolution.  There 
are  twelve  families  in  a  small  village  at  la  Prarie  du  Rochers,  and  near 
fifty  families  at  the  Kahokia  ■village.  There  are  also  four  or  five  families 
at  fort  Chartres  and  at  St.  Philips,  which  is  five  miles  farther  up  the 
river.  The  heads  of  families  in  those  villages  appear  each  of  them  to 
have  bad  a  certain  quantity  of  arable  land  allotted  to  them,  and  a  pro- 
portionate quantity  of  meadow  and  of  wooflland  or  pasture. 

Your  Committee  arc  of  the  opinion,  that  from  any  general  sale 
which  may  l>c  made  of  the  lands  on  the  Mississippi,  there  should  at 
least  be  a  reserve  of  so  much  land  as  may  satisfy  all  the  just  claims  of 
the  antient  settlers  on  that  river,  and  that  they  should  be  con£nned  in 
the  possession  of  such  lands  as  they  may  have  bad  at  the  beginning 
of  the  late  revolution,  which  may  have  been  allotted  to  them  according 
to  the  laws  or  usages  of  the  governments  under  which  they  have  respec- 
tively settled.  And  whereas  an  additional  quantity  of  land  may  be 
necessary  for  the  support  of  those  people  whenever  the  settlement  shall 
increase,  and  the  Indian  trade,  by  which  they  have  chiefly  subsisted 
shall  become  less  profitable,  your  Committee  arc  of  the  opinion,  that 
such  allowance  should  also  be  made  them  within  the  reserved  limits. 
Your  Committee  observe  that  in  the  contract  which  is  already  made 

1  TUi  doCBBtai  hu  been  oinicd  in  JmmtaU  of  Cminti.  rBL.  jo. 
*  Soc  Qnlr.  p.  4be. 


480 


ILLLN'OIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


for  (he  sale  of  a  tract  of  land  in  the  western  counlry,  the  purchaf 
are  to  be  charged  with  surveying  three  lots  which  are  reserved  for  the 
benefit  of  the  United  States.  They  conceive  that  future  contractors  may 
be  rclie%'ed  from  thisexpcncc;  but  they  would  proiiosc  that  ewry  agree- 
ment hereafter  to  be  made  shall  be  equally  binding  on  the  contracting 
parties,  whereupon  they  submit  the  following  resolves: 

That  the  Board  of  Treasury  be  authorized  to  contract  with  any 
person  or  persons  for  a  grant  of  a  tract  of  land  which  shall  be  Ijoundcd 
as  follows  :^  Beginning  on  the  river  au  Vase  in  the  parallel  of  latitude 
of  the  mouth  of  Little  Wabash  ri\-er,  thence  running  due  north  to  (he 
parallel  of  latitude  which  passes  through  the  mouth  of  Wood  river, 
thence  west  to  the  Missis^ppi  at  the  mouth  of  Wood  ri\-er,  thence  down 
the  river  Mississippi  to  the  mouth  of  the  river  au  Vase,  thence  up  the 
said  river  to  (he  place  of  beginning,  under  the  exceptions  and  reservations 
herein  after  mentioned. 

That  the  purchaser  or  purchasers  shall  oblige  themselves  to  lay 
ofif  the  tract  at  their  o^vn  cxiK-nce  into  townships  or  fractional  townships, 
and  to  divide  the  same  into  lots  according  to  the  land  ordinance  of  the 
aolh  of  May,  1785,  complete  returns  of  which  arc  to  be  made  to  the 
Board  of  Treasury.  The  lot  No.  i6,  in  each  township,  or  fractional 
part  of  a  township  to  be  given  perpctuidly  for  the  purposes  containeii  in 
the  said  ordinance;  and  the  lot  No.  29,  in  each  township,  or  fractional 
part  of  a  township,  to  be  given  perpetually  for  tbc  purposts  of  religion, 
and  that  each  of  the  several  townships  shall  be  thus  laid  olT  before  (he 
original  punhiiscr  or  purchasers  shall  have  disposeil  of  (he  same,  or 
made  any  settlement  therein.  The  price  to  be  not  less  than  two  thirds 
of  a  dollar  i>er  acre  for  the  contents  of  the  imid  tract,  eice|i(  the  reserva- 
tions and  gifts  herein  mentioned  payable  in  specie,  loan-office  certifi- 
cates reduced  to  specie  value,  or  certificates  of  li<[uidated  debts  nf  the 
United  States,  the  principal  only  of  the  said  certificates  to  be  received  in 
paj-ment  ;  and  the  Board  of  Treasury  for  such  interest  as  may  he  due  on 
the  certificates  rendered  in  payment  as  aforesaid  prior  to  the  first  day 
of  January,  1 787,  shall  issue  inden(s  for  interest  to  the  possessors,  which 
shall  be  receivable  in  payment  as  other  indents  for  interest  of  the  exist- 
ing requisitions  of  Congress.  And  for  such  interest  as  may  be  due  on 
the  said  certificates  between  that  period  and  the  time  of  payment,  the 
said  Beard  shall  issue  indents,  the  payment  of  which  to  be  pro\-ided  for 
hereafter. 


REPORT  OF  COMMITTEE,  JUNE  ao,  1788 


That  part  of  Ihe  purchase  money,  not  less  ihan  oae  hundred  and 
fifty  thousand  dollars,  shall  he  paid  down  upon  dosing  of  the  contract, 
and  the  remainder  of  the  purchase  money  whenever  the  Indian  claim 
shall  have  been  cxtingxii&bed,  aiid  the  boundary  line  of  the  tract  run 
by  the  geographer  of  the  United  States,  or  his  assistant,  the  contents  of 
the  land  which  is  tu  l>e  sold  ascertained  and  a  plut  of  the  same  returned 
to  IheofEceuf  the  Treasury  Board,  on  which  payment  a  grant  shall  be 
made,  and  the  purchaser  ur  purchasers  shall  have  the  right  of  entry 
and  occupancy. 

That  separate  tracts  shall  lje  reserved  fur  satisfying  the  claims  of 
theanlicnt  setllerswhich  shall  be  included  within  the  ftilluwing  Ixiundary, 
viz.  A  straight  line  to  be  extended  from  the  mouth  of  the  liulc  river 
Marie  below  the  ri%'er  Kaskaskiea,  to  the  old  French  fort  on  the  east 
side  uf  the  said  river  Kaiikaskies,  and  opposite  the  Kaskaskics  village, 
(hence  north  three  miles,  thence  west  across  the  Kaskaskies  river  to 
the  ridge  of  rocks  and  high  lanil  that  extends  from  the  Kaska^ias 
to  the  Illinois  rivers,  then  along  the  wrat  side  or  foot  of  the  said  ridge 
of  rocks  and  high  land  10  the  parallel  that  runs  two  miles  north  of  the 
church  at  Kahokra,  thence  west  to  ihc  river  Mississippi,  thence  down  the 
said  river  to  the  mouth  tif  the  river  Marie. 

That  measures  be  immediately  taken  for  confirming  in  their  pos- 
sessions and  titles,  the  French  and  Canadian  inhabitants,  and  other 
settlers  on  those  lands,  who  on  or  before  the  year  17S3  had  professed 
themselves  citizens  of  the  United  States,  or  any  of  them,  and  for  laying 
off  the  several  tracts  which  they  rightfully  claim  wilhin  the  described 
limits,  and  for  laying  off  for  the  benefit  of  said  in  habitants  three  addition- 
al tracts  adjoining  the  several  villages,  Kaskaskics,  la  f'raricdu  Rochers, 
and  Kahokia,  in  Ihe  form  of  a  parallelogram,  extending  from  the  river 
Mississippi  eastward  to  the  ridge  of  rocks  before  described,  and  of  such 
extent  as  shall  contain  four  hundred  acres  for  each  of  the  families 
now  living  at  either  of  the  villages  of  Kaskaskics,  la  Prarie  du  Rochers, 
Kahokias,  fort  Chartres  or  St.  Phillips.  The  additional  reserved  tract 
adjoining  the  village  of  Kaskaskics  shall  be  for  the  heads  of  families 
in  that  village,  the  tract  adjoining  ta  Prairie  du  Rochers  for  the  heads 
of  families  in  that  village,  and  the  tract  adjoining  Kahokia  for  the 
heads  of  families  in  that  village,  as  also  for  those  at  fort  Chartres  and 
St.  Philips.  Such  additional  donations  of  four  hundred  acres  each, 
to  be  distributed  by  lot,  and  immediate  po&scâsioa  given:  Provided 


48. 


ILLINOIS  lUSTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS 


nerCTiholpss,  that  no  person  thu^  obtaining  possession  of  such  dona- 
tion lands  shall  have  power  to  alienate  the  sanu;,  until  be  or  she. 
oi  his  or  her  heirs  have  resided  at  least  three  j-ear«  from  the 
lime  of  such  distribution  within  that  district;  at  the  end  of  which 
period  e>'ery  such  resident  shall  obtain  a  title  to  the  reserved  lot  ;  and 
all  Ids  not  thus  conveyed  to  residents,  shall  revert  to  the  United  States. 

That  whenever  the  French  and  Canadian  Inhabitants,  or  other 
settlers  aforesaid,  shall  have  been  confirmed  ia  Iheir  possesions  and 
titles,  and  the  amount  of  the  same  ascertained,  and  the  three  additional 
parattelograms  for  future  donations,  and  a  tract  of  land  one  mile  square 
on  the  Mississippi,  extending  as  far  above  as  below  fort  Chartres,  and 
including  the  said  fort,  the  buildings  and  improvements  adjoining  the 
same,  shall  be  laid  ofT;  the  whole  remainder  of  the  soil  within  the  re- 
served limits  above  described,  shall  be  considered  as  appertaining  to 
the  general  purchase,  and  ahall  W  conveyed  accordingly. 

That  measures  l>e  immediately  taken  to  extinguish  the  Indian  claim, 
if  any  such  claim  exists  to  the  land  bordering  on  the  Mississippi  from 
the  mouih  of  the  Ohio  to  a  determined  station  on  the  Mississippi,  that 
shall  be  sixty  or  eighty  miles  north  from  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois  ri%'cr, 
and  extending  from  the  Mississippi  as  far  eastward  as  may  be. 

That  the  Governor  of  the  western  territory  be  Instructed  to  repair 
to  the  French  settlements  on  the  Mississippi,  at  and  abm'e  the  Kaskaâ- 
kies; — That  he  examine  the  titles  and  possessions  of  the  settlers  as 
above  described,  in  order  to  dctermitic  what  quantity  of  land  they  may 
scï*erally  claim,  which  shall  be  laid  otT  for  them  at  their  own  cxpence, 
and  that  he  take  an  account  of  the  several  heads  of  families  li%nng  within 
the  resen-cd  limits,  in  order  that  he  may  détermine  the  quantity  of  land 
that  is  In  be  laid  off  in  the  several  parallelograms,  which  shall  be  laid  off 
accordingly  by  the  Geographer  of  (he  United  States,  or  his  assistant,  at 
the  cxpence  of  the  Unilal  Stales. 

That  the  Geographer  of  the  United  States  be  instructed  to  take  the 
latitude  of  the  mouth  of  the  river  au  Vase,  and  the  mouth  of  Wood 
river,  and  nf  the  north-cast  and  south-eastern  angle  of  the  tract,  and 
that  in  executing  all  other  large  surveys,  he  take  the  latitude  of  three 
or  four  of  the  chief  comers." 

Resolved,  That  Congress  agree  to  the  said  Report.' 

>  Thit  w.u  ibmhI  and  beciiiic  the  huU  of  tuimre  nqicHLilI<ma.  The  nctoil  leltUcMBt  tA  tlw 
pant  lo  Ihc  lUtnoi»  vcov>p  whs  not  finiibdl  ualU  jrun  ailtcr.  Cûnsnil  Indn  of  Amer.  StOi  Fafnt, 
fubléc  Landt,  viiJn  i,  and  ii  Fnt  Uwallmiluiii  In  ihablil,  nqacJr  AukiihI  iH.  lîM,  ■*«  f*n,  p>lpe^ 
Mod  [iir  1hal  made  Murch  i.  itqi.&k.  Jam.  i4.  Stu-  tit  C«v  fU'aihiacMa,  t8*a),  ft.  jaa. 
Ttxta  'a  an  iKount  <if  iliar  Uadgnnu  wrlttm  by  E.G.  Mstoa  in  Oikxgu  llWn  SodHy^ CBÏÏitlQmt, 


1 


A  MEMORIAL,  JUNE  25,  1788 


4h 


Mesiorul  op  Geosge  Mobgan,  June  35,  lyftft. 
[C.  C.  pp.,  ill,  6.  sto.— A.  L.  S-l 

To  the  United  Slates  in  Congress  assembled 

The  Memorial  of  George  Morgan,  Agent  of  the  New  Jersey  Land 
Society,  Respectfully  shcweth, 

That  your  Memorialist  halh  not  yet  made  Proposals  to  the  Treasury 
Board»  for  the  Land  described  in  the  late  Ordinance  of  Congress,  on 
Account  oj  iu  not  authorising  the  Board,  to  give  the  Right  of  immediate 
Entry  &  Occupancy.  This  being  an  indispensible  Stipulation  in  be- 
half of  the  New  Jersey  Land  Society,  your  Memorialist  wishes  to  give 
Congress  ainpEe  satisfaction,  of  the  Propriety  of  granting  this  Indulgence: 
in  the  present  Instance.  Your  MemorialÏHt  therefore  respectfully 
prays  to  be  lieard  by  a  Commillee,  or  that  tlie  Treasury  Board  may  be 
directed  to  give  the  Right  of  Entry  &  Occupancy  required,  on  being 
satisfied  as  to  the  Propriety  of  (he  Measure. 

IE  Congres  shall  he  pleased  to  grant  this  Proposition,  your  Memo- 
rialist further  begs  leave  to  pray,  (in  case  Messrs.  Flint  &  Parker  have 
relinquished,  or  shall  relinquish  their  Application  Utr  Lands  North 
of  Wood  Ri\'er)  that  the  New  Jersey  Land  Sncictys  Northern  Boundary 
may  then  be  the  Parallel  of  the  Latitude  of  the  Mouth  of  the  first  Brook 
or  Rivulet  which  empties  into  the  Missisipjii  River,  abnve  Ca[>e  au 
Grés:  The  Boundaries  of  the  whole  Tract  apjilied  for,  in  behalf  of  the 
New  Jersey  Land  Kocjcty,  will  then  lie  aa  follow  : 

Beginning  at  the  River  Vase,  in  the  Parallel  of  the  Mouth  of  little 
Wabash  River;  thence,  North,  to  the  Parallel  of  the  Mouth  of  the  first 
Ri^nilet  or  BrooV,  emptying  into  the  Missisippi  River,  above  Cape  au 
Gr(*s;  thenee,  West,  lo  the  Mouth  of  the  said  Ri*-ulet  or  Brook;  thence 
down  the  said  Missisippi  River,  along  the  Boundary  Line  of  the  United 
States,  to  the  River  Vase;  thmct  up  the  River  Vase  to  the  Place  of 
Beginning. 

On  Congress  granting  these  Indulgences,  Your  Memorialist,  in  be- 
half of  the  New  Jersey  Laud  Society,  is  ready  lo  close  a  Contract  with 
the  Treasury  Board,  for  the  above  described  Lauds,  under  all  the  other 
Rcscr\'âtîons  &  Conditions  mentioned  in  the  late  Ordinance:  The 
first  Payment  of  one  hundred  &  fifty  thousand  Dollars  to  be  made  on 

the  first  day  of next. 

Geo&gb  Morgan 

New  York  June  25th,  1788 


i 


S4 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


N.  B.  It  is  to  be  understood  that  the  Society  do  not  solicit  the  right 
of  entry  or  occupancy  before  llie  Indian  Claim  if  any  such  exists  shall 
have  been  extinguished  by  the  United  Suucs  or  their  OHicer  or  Agent. 

Grorgk  Morgan. 


Objections  by  Georok  Moboan,  no  date. 

[C.C.  Pp..x]i.,6.5u.l 

Reasons  why  it  will  not  suit  the  New  Jersey  Society  to  make  the 
proposed  Purchase,  in  Case  they  arc  not  allowed  to  include  the  Vacant 
Lands  bordering  on  the  Mïssiaippî  River  Northward  &  from  5  to  7 
Miles  in  breadth. 

First.  The  extreme  unhealthyncss  of  this  Country  arises  from  these 
Lands  being  unimproved;  the  richest  parts  of  ihem  being  Swamps  & 
Ponds;  which,  being  stagnant,  corrupt  the  Air  &  produce  malignant 
Distempers  from  June  'till  November:  The  Indolence  of  the  present 
Inhabitants  will  never  remove  this  Evil,  nor  will  any  prudent  Men  erer 
make  a  Settlement  in  this  Country  without  having  it  in  their  Power  to 
drain  these  Lakes  &  Marshes  for  their  own  Advantage. 

Second.  As  the  first  Settlers  on  the  high  Lands  must  depend  on  these 
low  grounds  for  Meadow,  the  Society  do  not  wish  to  he  in  this  Predica- 
ment, without  obtaining  a  Grant  of  the  low  vacant  Lands  from  Congress. 

Third.  Although  there  are  more  than  two  hundred  thousand  Acres 
of  this  low  swamp  &  Meadow  Lands  in  one  Body,  80  miles  in  Length 
&  5  or  6  broad,  the  French  Inhabitants  have  no  Grants  or  Claims  for 
more  than  tkirly  thousand  Acres,  of  which  they  ha\'e  never  cultivated 
more  than  six  thousand. 

Fourib.  Whether  Congress  grant  this  Body  of  Low  Lands,  or  not, 
to  the  present  french  Inhabilajits  it  is  believed  that  ç/ioths  of  them  will 
go  and  settle  with  tlicir  Countrymen  on  the  West  Side  of  the  Missisippi 
River,  to  which  they  have  more  Inducements  than  One:  And  on  this 
Principle  it  has  been  proposed  by  their  own  Agent  here,  to  form  a  Com- 
pany to  purchase  all  their  Rights  immediately  on  obtaining  the  Grant 
from  Congress;  as  it  is  his  Opinion  ihcy  wilt  sell  for  a  much  less  Price 
than  Congress  will  grant  for,  to  the  New  Jersey  Society. 

For  these  Reasons,  the  New  Jersey  Sodcty  flatter  themselves  that 
Congress  will  be  pleased  to  direct  the  Treasury  Board  to  agree  with  ibeir 
Agent  for  the  Lands  they  have  applied  for  on  the  Terms  propoaed  in 


their  isl,  ad  or  3d  Proposition:  "'saving  &c  reserving  to  the  present 
french  Inhabitants  &  others,  all  their  just  and  legal  Claims."  And 
moreover  reserving  (should  Congress  think  proper)  to  the  said  Inhabi* 
tants  a  Right  to  become  Shareholders,  on  equal  Terms  with  the  said 
Society  to  any  Number  of  Shares  of  two  hundredth  Parts,  not  exceeding 

Provided  they  or  any  Person  in  their  behalf  shall  within  .  • . . 

Years  from  this  date,  subscribe  to  the  Terms  of  Payment  agreed  to  be 
made  by  the  Society,  &  to  their  Agreement  for  an  equal  Distribution  of 
the  Lands;  In  which  Case  the  Society  shall  have  Credit  for  the  Amount 
of  the  Shares  so  subscribed  for,  &  on  failure  of  auch  Subscription,  or 
on  Nonperformance  of  the  Terms,  the  said  New  Jersey  Society  shall  be 
entiUcd  to  the  whole  Tract  on  the  Term»  &  Conditions  above  mentioned. 

George  Morgan, 

Agent— 
To  the  Honble.  Committee  of  Congress  on  the  Memorial  of  the 
New  Jersey  Society  &  their  Application  for  3,000,000  Acres  of  Land. 
[Endorsed:]    Mr.  Morgan's  Objection  to  excluding  th«  luw  Ground  on 
the  Missiâipp)  from  his  Purchase. 


Mémorial  by  BABTHELEin  Tardiyeao,  July  8,  1788. 

[M.  C.  T.  MSS.--A.  L-  5.1 

To  the  Honorable  The  Congress  of  the  Unilcd-States  of  North- 
America 

The  Memorial  of  the  french  inhabitants  of  the  Illinois  Humbly 
Sheweth 

That  they  have  seen  in  the  public  prints  of  this  City  a  Report  of 
a  Committee,  which  has  been  agreed  to  by  Congress,  for  disposing  of 
a  certain  tract  of  territory  therein  described  to  George  Morgan  and  his 
associates.' 

Your  Memorialists  obsen-e  with  a  due  sense  of  gratitude  that  in  this 
Ordinance  there  is  a  reser^-e  made  in  their  behalf,  with  an  intrniion  not 
only  to  secure  to  them  their  ancient  rights  and  possessions,  l>ut  further 
to  grant  to  each  headof  a  family  the  additional  quantity  of  four  hundred 
acres.  Wc  have  been  given  to  understand  that  the  Hunorahle  the  Con- 
gress would  have  treated  us  with  much  more  lilwrality,  and  granted  us 

■  Tbe  ftir  con.  o(  «hkii  lU*  it  Uie  uri'iinal,  it\aC.C.  ff.,  xlL  ns. 
»S«e  «ale.  p.  4Tg  <«  M- 


I 


4W 


n.l.lNQIS  HISTORICAL  COIXECTIOKS 


the  full  quantity  of  6ve  hundred  acres  to  every  male  inhabitant  which 
we  have  dcmatidcd  by  our  sc%-cral  Petitions  and  Memorials,  had  it  not 
been  for  IhetTlTWfoIlowing  reasons  :  Bl«,  lliat  WJf  Atitllt  ilUH  Ull'  l»l!^ 

fnrnTTrrnn»TrrTTfrwTrrTTT7TTrMrmTT^^ 

liiaWtiritïrlaltJî  May  ttwiy*.'  sucuiuïly,  lirst,  thai  it  has  Iwcn  aâscrlcd 
that  tic;  ourTStlt  Agent,  was  endeavouring  to  form  a  company  for  pur- 
chasing (he  lands  that  might  be  granted  to  the  inhabitants  of  these 
districts;  and  txsily,  secondly,  that  it  has  been  dcniul  that  the  said 
inhabitants  had  Suiïcr'c)  any  louses  by  the  troops  of  Virginia. 

Ys|>ect  to  Ihe  first  article,  Your  Mcmorialisls  lirg  Iraj 
obscn'C  that^rKiiectindutt  of  their  Agent  has  Ixrcn  any  wav^teia^Uon- 
ablc,  he  alone  ougnr*î».<juiïer  for  his  imprudem-c^JÎWÎatcvcr  he  may 
have  said,  the  prind[)lcs,  eîWli*,^  juHli(-i^^_pr'flrncvo!cnce,  by  which 
Congress  might  have  Ixx'n  befure  nT^ii^^  lo  listen  10  our  Petition^ 
cannot  be  weaken 'd  by  the  fg^ilfTif  any  ha^^i^^ïI  cnmmiltcd)  of  one 
man.  Th«  resenlmt-ni.irf'^ongrrss  may  fall  u|H>n  Hiïï^iijijrly;  hut  the 
interests  of  awtrtIc|icople,  we  hunhly  apprrhcnd,  ought  noT^«^iffcr 
from  Ih^^'ïnrith  of  an  individual,  which,  wc  arc  confident,  was  m 
It  to  create  uneasiness. 

The  second  With  respect  to  the  first  article,  that  charge  is  peremp- 
torily denied  by  our  Agent;  and  he  thinks  that  it  ought  to  have  been 
openly  supported  and  himself  confronted  with  the  man  or  men  to  whom 
he  is  suppos'd  to  have  made  a  proposal  of  that  Kind.  But,  should  it 
even  be  the  case  ;  had  he  attempted,  and  succeeded  in  making  up  an 
association  that  was  able  to  purchase  not  only  the  lands  which  we 
expected  to  obtain  from  Congress,  but  also  those  wc  already  possess, 
our  farms,  cattle,  negroes,  and  any  other  kind  of  property;  how  could 
these  his  manocuvcrs  affect  our  just  or  equitable  claims?  if  Congress 
thought,  before  that  assertion,  that  we  were  entitled,  either  by  right,  or 
by  the  merit  of  our  attachment  and  hopes,  to  a  gift  of  land;  did  that 
right  or  thai  merit  become  nul,  Lbe  moment  a  man  bad  formed  the  pro- 
ject of  acquiring  lawfully  a  property  wliich  we  would  certainly  have  bad 
the  pow'r  to  dis^Kise  of  ?  Ihe  right  of  buying  and  selling  have  not  ceased 
to  be  a  right  of  the  citizen.  Let  this  be  as  it  will,  our  Agent  positively 
affirms  that  he  has  never  endeavoured,  directly  or  indirectly,  to  form 
any  company  for  that  iiuqmse. 

The  assertion  that  the  inhabitants  of  the  Illinois  have  lost  noprop- 

•  Piiaied  •■(/.  p,  47J. 


A  MEMORIAL.  JULY  8,  1788 


4h 


f^^         erty  by  the  croops  of  Virginia  is  indeed  astonishing;  but  new  as  it  is 
I  it  bas,  it  seems,  been  powerful  enough  to  defeat  the  good  intentions  of 

I  Congress  towards  us.    Were  the  plains  we  inhabit  situated  in  China  or 

Japan,  the  veil  of  doubt  might  perhaps,  at  this  distance,  be  cast  upon 
1  the  injuries  we  have  sufter'd  but  we  are  a  port  of  the  United -Stales; 

u  but  thousands  of  Americana  have  been  among  us  &  bom  witness  to  our 

f  wrongs;   but  (hey  stand  recorded  and  may  be  ascertained  by  the  Gov- 

ernor of  the  Western  territory.  Our  Agent  has  now  in  bis  possession 
a  number  of  bills  drawn  on  the  treasurer  of  Virginia  by  the  Command- 
ing officer  of  the  troops  of  that  State,  unpaid  to  this  day;  which  hills, 
amounting  to  Sixteen  thousand  Dollars,  are  but  a  Iriâing  part  of  the 
advances  made  by  us  to  those  troops,  belong  to  four  only  of  our  citizens, 
and  serve  at  least  to  prove  that  some  property  has  been  obtained  from 
us  for  nothing. 

Tour  Memorialists  still  hope  that  the  Honorable  the  Congress  will 
condescend  to  reexamine  the  facts;  and  more  especially  that  which 
is  so  universally  Known  throughout  the  whole  Western  country,  namely 
thai  the  inhabitants  of  the  Illinois  have  advanc'd  to  the  troops  of  Vir- 
ginia, furrs,  pcltrie?,  merchandise,  provisions,  cash,  to  a  very  consider- 
able amount,  for  which  they  have  ne\'er  received  any  compensation; 
and  that,  in  consequence  of  such  inquiry,  they  may  he  treated  with  that 
liberality  which  they  expect  from  the  Honorable  the  Congress. 

Independent  of  the  above  considerations,  Vour  Memorialists  beg 
leave  to  remark  that,  for  want  of  a  sufficient  knowledge  of  our  country, 
the  Honorable  the  Congress,  nyl withstanding  the  good  intention  which 
has  induced  them  to  grant  an  addition  of  four  hundred  acres  to  each 
head  of  a  family  in  these  districts,  have  in  fact  granted  nothing  at  all; 
in  particular  to  the  inhabitants  of  Kaska&kia.  The  parallelogram 
allotted  them  is  to  be  included  within  a  tract  defined  between  the  Missis- 
sippi and  a  line  drawn  from  the  mouth  of  the  River  h  Marie  to  the  old 
french  fort,  thence  North  three  miles,  thence  West  to  the  foot  of  the 
ledge  of  rocks,  then  along  the  same  to  the  territory  of  la  pratrie  du  Roch- 
er, and  to  the  Mississipi.  This  description  contains  no  lands  but  what 
are  already  &  have  been  long  since  possess'd  by  the  ancient  inhabitants, 
a  few  narrow  strips  excepted,  further,  the  line  so  drawn  to  the  old  fort, 
thence  three  miles  North,  &  so  forth,  leaves  to  the  Eastward  of  it  and 
within  the  purchase  of  George  Morgan  &  his  asstxtiatcs  several  tracts 
and  plantations,  the  property  of  the  ancient  french  inhabitants,  and  a 


4S8 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


number  of  grams  made  by  ihc  Cnunty-Iieuienanl  of  ilii;  Illinois  in  behalf 
of  the  Stale  of  Virginia  to  Sumlry  Americans,  previous  to  ihc  year  1783. 

The  condition  annex 'd  to  the  Cfrant  intended  to  be  made  us  by  Con- 
gress, that  we  shall  remain  three  years  in  the  country  or  lose  the  benefit 
of  it,  was  indeed  a  %-cry  desirable  one  for  (hose  who  n-ish  to  make  settle- 
ments  in  our  neigh horhoori,  and  arc  perhaps  apprehensive  that  they 
would  not  easily  succeed  in  it,  should  we  remove  our  habitations  and 
oeasc  to  protect  them  from  the  Indians;  but  we  cannot  well  reconcile 
it  in  our  minds  with  the  laws  of  ihc  land.  When  grants  of  lands  arc 
made  to  the  citizens,  it  is  verj-  just  that  ihcy  should  be  obliged  to  make 
improvements  on  the  same  «-ithin  a  given  lime:  but,  whether  Ihc 
improvement  &  Settlement  be  made  by  the  original  Grantee,  or  by  his 
Agent,  assignee,  or  purchaser  from  him,  appears  to  have  l^ocn  indifTcrent 
to  all  the  Legislatures  of  these  Slates,  and  is  perfectly  So  in  the  eyes  of 
treason.  In  this  particular,  again,  Your  Memorialists  find  (hcmsclveg 
in  a  Situation  perhaps  unexperienced  before  by  any  body  of  men  living 
under  a  regular  government.  There  is  an  Ordinance  of  Congress, 
an  £x  post  facto  law,  of  April  17S7,'  which  declares  that  Slavery  Shall 
not  take  place  in  the  Western  territory.  Many  of  the  inhabitants  of 
these  districts  have  Slaves,  and  Some  have  no  other  property  but  Staves. 
If  they  wish  lo  prcscrvc  their  properly,  they  must  transport  themselves 
to  the  Spanish  Side  cf  the  Missfssipi;  but  if  Ibey  do,  they  Shall  lose 
the  lands  granted  them  by  Congress.  One  law  tclU  them:  leave  the 
country,  or  ye  Shall  forfeit  your  negroes:  the  other  Saith;  Stay  in  the 
country,  or  your  lands  shall  be  taken  from  ye. 

Your  Memorialises  content  themselves  with  Staling  the  facts;  and 
relying  entirely  upon  the  wisdom  &  justice  of  the  Honorable  the  Con- 
gress, they,  as  in  duty  bound,  will  ever  pray  for  the  honor,  glory,  & 
welfare  of  the  United-States  of  North-America 

July  8th  1788  By  order  &  in  behalf  of  the  french  Inhabitants  of 
the  Illinois 

B  :  Tari)i\'eau  Agent. 


1  "Ordlouic*  of  17671" 


1  Joljr  ij,  i7§j. 


A   MEMORIAL,  AUGUST  8,   1788 


489 


ROYAT.  FiJNT  tn   PBESroEVT  OP   CONGRESS,  AugUSt  8,  1788. 
[C.  C.  pp.,  xlL,  3,  370.—  A.  L.  S-l 

New  York  August  8,  1788 
Sis, 

Your  Excellency  wHlI  receive  inclosed  a  memorial  praying  ihat  I  may 
be  heard  before  the  honorable  comrailtce  which  reported  on  the  appli- 
cation of  George  Morgan  for  the  purcha'sc  of  a  trad  of  western  territory. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be,  (cic-j 

Royal  Funt. 
His  Excellency  the  President  of  Congress 


McifOKUL  or  Royal  Fukt,  August  8,  1788 
{C.  C.  pp.,  xU..  3.  3*6.— A.  L.  S.] 
To  the  Honorable  the  Congress  of  the  United  Slate». 

The  memuriat  uf  Koyal  Flint  for  himself  &  associates  most  respect- 
fully shewelh, 

That  your  memorialist  has  been  informed,  Ih^t  the  report  of  your 
honorable  committee,  on  the  application  uf  George  Morgan,  for  the 
purchase  of  a  tract  of  western  territory,  mry  tend  to  create  some  dwuU 
in  the  construction  of  certain  reports  Si  resolves  relative  to  proposals 
submitted  to  the  Honor^ible  Congress,  by  your  memorialist  &  Joseph 
Parker,  the  iSth  of  October  last.' 

Your  memorialist  therefore  humbly  prays  that  he  may  be  heard 
before  the  said  Committee  &  mentions  his  reasons  for  an  amendment 
to  their  report  previous  to  its  being  passed  into  an  act,  and  your  memo- 
rialist as  in  duty  bound  shall  every  pray. 

ROVAI.  FiJNT 

for  himself  &  associates. 
New  York  — August  8,  1788 
[Endorsement;]    Memorial  of  Royal  Flint     Read  11.  Aug.  1788 
Referred  to  Mr  Williamson 
Mr.  Otis 
Mr.  Baldwin 

<  Prtntcd  oMf ,  p.  44^. 


«0 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Report  ov  CouunTEE  om  Saie  op  Land  to  Morgan  and  tu£  Illinois 
Grants,  August  a8, 1788. 

[Reprinted  from  Jountah  0}  Cvngress,  xm.,  9».J 
On  the  report  of  a  commillcc,  consisting  of  Mr.  Williamson,  Mr. 
Oti*  and  Mr.  Baldwin,  to  whom  was  Tccommitted  a  report  on  the  me- 
morial of  George  Morgan,  and  sundry  other  papers. 

Resolved,  That  the  board  of  treasury  be,  and  tbcy  hereby  are 
authorized  in  contracting  with  George  Morgan  and  his  assodalcs,  or 
with  any  other  person  or  persons,  for  the  s-ilc  of  a  tract  of  land  on  the 
Missiaâippi,  which  is  described  in  the  act  of  June  30tb  last/  to  vary  in 
the  following  particulars  from  the  terms  proposed  in  the  said  act,  viz.  A 
payment  of  203,000  dollars  shall  l»  made  on  do^ng  the  contract,  the 
remainder  of  the  price  to  \x  paid  in  seven  equal  payments,  the  first  of 
which  shall  be  paid  whenever  the  Indian  title,  if  any  such  there  is,  shall 
\ic  extinguished,  and  a  survey  of  ihc  trart  returned  to  the  treasury- 
office.  The  other  six  payments  lo  be  made  half-yearly,  with  interest 
from  the  time  in  which  the  sur\'cy  is  returned.  On  making  the  first 
payment,  entries  shall  be  permitted  on  so  much  land  as  that  sum  is 
equal  to,  at  the  limited  price.  On  making  the  second  payment,  a  deed 
shall  issue  for  so  much  land  as  may  then  be  paid  for,  and  other  deeds 
if  required  shall  issue  on  making  the  several  payments:  Provided  that 
it  is  previously  stipulated  on  what  part  the  £rst  deed  shall  \x  laid,  anil 
that  c>'ery  subsequent  dee<l  shall  be  for  a  regular  tract,  as  nearly  as  may 
be  of  aji  equal  width,  extending  from  the  Missis.sippi  lo  the  eastern 
boundary  of  the  general  purchase,  and  that  the  several  deed  be  for 
tracts  in  contact  with  one  another.  That  in  case  of  failure  in  any  une 
of  (he  payments  slipulated  for,  the  contract  shall  be  con-àdered  as  for- 
feited in  all  the  pans  thereof,  which  shall  then  remain  to  be  carried  into 
effect.' 

Thai  instead  of  the  three  parallelograms  10  be  rcser\'cd  acconling 
to  the  act  of  the  20th  June  last,  for  donations  to  the  ancient  settlers  on 
the  west  side  of  a  certain  ridge  of  rocks,  there  shall  be  rcser\'ed  an 
equal  quantity  of  land  for  the  same  use,  to  be  laid  out  in  three  squares 
on  the  east  side  of  ihc  said  ridge  of  rocks,  and  as  near  as  may  be  lo  the 

1  Printed  antf,  p.  47g. 

■  Uotjpnand  bbMHcUta  tcfuwd  to  enter  iau>  ihli  contncL  (Sot  IdUowih»  ducumcnl  t  Mor. 
na boanu  intKTalal  in, mod  imnt  Imtc  bcm  ji  ihit  time  luwrjiUllae  fnr  a  Mllienuol  oqiIk  Smikh 
iîde  ol  tbc  BUiÙMlpiri  (New  M«*MJ.    S«  inu.  >  i.  o.  1  ^^ 


A   MEMORI.\L,  SEPTEMBER  17,  i;88 


491 


tmprovemcnls  belonging  to  the  village  ol  Kaska^ies,  la  Prarie  du 
Rochers,  and  Kahokia." 

That  in  case  (here  are  any  improvements  belonging  to  the  andcnt 
French  settlers  without  the  general  rcscr\'cd  limits,  the  same  shall  also 
be  considered  as  reserved  for  them  in  the  sale  now  proposed  to  be  made. 


Memorial  bv  Babthei-emi  Tardiveau,  September  17,  1788. 
[C.  C.  Pp.,  Ill,,  Kaâkaskù  ami  Ky.,  xWiii.,  ajj.— A.  L.  S.] 

To  the  Honorable  the  Congress  of   Ihc  United-States  of  North- 
America.    The  Memorial  of  the  French  and  American  inhabitants  of 
the  Illinois  and  Poste  Vinornnvs 
Humbly  Shewcth 

That  an  unexpected  alteration  of  circumslancea  having  made  It 
necessary  for  (hem  once  more  to  cdl  on  your  attention,  they  flatter  them- 
selves that  this  new  application,  Ihuugh  late,  will  not  appear  unreason- 
able. 

The  Resolve  passed  by  Your  Honorable  body  for  selling  a  certain 
tract  of  land  in  the  Illinois  counlrj*  to  George  Morgan  and  his  associates 
has  provided  that  the  possessions  claimed  by  the  inhabitants  and  in- 
eluded  within  the  bounds  of  his  purchase  should  be  respectively  rescrv'd 
to  the  claimants;  and  likewise  that  a  parallelogram  containing  four 
hundred  acres  for  ewry  head  of  a  family  at  Kaskaakia  should  be  run 
off  within  the  said  bounds,  and  as  near  the  village  as  possible.  No 
particular  Resolve  or  Ordinance  having  been  passed  by  the  Honorable 
the  Congress  in  behalf  of  the  inhabitants  of  these  districts,  but  what 
was  a  modification  and  an  appendage  of  that  in  favour  of  G.  Morgan 
and  his  associates,  and  that  Company  having  thought  fit  to  decline 
ratifying  the  purchase  intended  by  them  to  be  made  of  a  large  propor- 
tion of  our  territory,  Your  Memorialists  apprehend  that  the  partial 
Superstructure  of  the  reservations  made  for  Ihem  tumbles  to  the  ground 
along  with  the  main  fabritk.*  If  so,  there  is  still  room  left  for  un- 
certainty; there  is  still  room  left  for  hope.  We  say  hope,  for  Your 
Memorialists  think,  with  all  due  deference,  that  the  quanlilics  of  lands 
granted  them  by  Your  Honorable  Body,  especially  when  shackled  with 


1  Tlitt  wu  rppntR)  hy  Act  o!  Muxh  j,  i;qt,  and  tfap  j[i>i'emar  of  ihc  icrriiorf  ww  [nMnjctrd 
m  C^g,,  30Î. 


VÎ 


tolkr  oui  (he  tnilA  in  uairdinoc  with  Aa  ol  June  )o,  itSS.     Anli,  p.  47»;  Sin.  Jaar,,  i4 Sea^ 


I  liarr  brmunatile  10  Cnd  any  atliMi  by  CoACrc»  on  thlx  petUiodand  |*«)Miblr  noadioa  wu 


49» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


llic  conditions  aiincx'd  to  th«  posscssinn  of  ibetn,  arc  rather  inadequafe 
lo  what  they  conceived  themselves  cnlitlod  to  by  their  loses.  It  is  need- 
less, and  would  be  very  di&agreable  for  Your  Mcmori^dists,  in  this  late 
stage  of  the  buuness  lo  run  over  again  the  long  list  of  the  injuries  they 
have  suEFer'd,  and  on  which  tbey  have  sufficiently  dwelt  in  former  Me- 
moriaU.  The  purport  of  this  is  merely,  since  our  fate  seems  as  yet  to 
be  undecided  to  obtain  from  the  Honorable  the  Congress  suitable 
amendments  in  those  parts  of  their  ResoU-e  which,  upon  reexamination, 
may  be  found  disproportionate  to  the  merits  of  our  pleas,  and  a  final 
determination  of  our  destiny  on  our  own  bottom.  In  this  inquiry,  we 
trust  thai  the  Honorable  the  Congress  will  be  pleas*d  to  keep  in  mind 
the  following  circumstances;  That  we  have  lost  a  very  considerable 
property,  either  extorted  from  us  by  main  force,  or  oblain'd  by  delusi\-e 
engagements  which  acquired  with  us  their  sacredness  from  the  respect 
we  had  for  the  faiih  of  the  United-States;  That  we  have  chearfully  and 
in  many  instances  sacrificed  the  shaltcr'd  remains  of  our  pristine  wealth 
for  diverting  war-parties  of  Indians  from  their  intended  excursions  into 
the  infant  selllements  of  our  ncighljours;  That  the  Charter  formerly 
given  by  the  French  King  lo  the  Jesuits  at  Kaskaskia  and  which  was 
of  four  leagues  square  or  ninety  two  thousand  one  hundred  and  sixty 
acres  in  superficies,'  far  exceed  the  extent  of  the  parallelogram  reserved 
for  the  heads  only  of  families,  the  number  of  these  being  but  small  in 
proportion  to  that  of  the  males  in  the  respecli%-e  districts  of  the  Illinois; 
That  this  grant  having  been  maiie  to  the  Jesuits  in  order  to  enable  them 
to  teach  us  and  our  children,  and  othcrwute  discharge  their  duties  as 
Ministers  of  the  church,  since  we  are  now  obliged  to  maintain  our  priests 
out  of  the  produce  of  our  own  industry,  that  same  Charter,  which  was 
forfeited  to  the  Jesuits  in  consequence  of  their  expulsion  from  all  the 
dominions  of  the  King  of  France,  ought,  if  not  in  a  legal,  at  least  in  an 
equitable  point  of  view,  to  appertain  to  the  inhabitants  of  Kaskaskiaj 
That,  had  four  hundred  acres  been  granted  to  all  the  males  in  this  vil- 
lage without  exception,  the  whole  extent  of  ihc  Donation  would  even 
then  have  fallen  short  of  that  of  (he  Charter  by  Sixteen  Ihouzand  acres, 
the  number  of  French  mates  at  Kaskaskia  being  One  hundred  and 


■CipbiLD  KltnuuL.  wbo  mu  in  KMkaiitU  »ht>n]r  >IK(  ihaulaof  ihn  Inutt  laadtbr  (tvPrendl 
OomnMDrljiiiil.  wilta:  "Tlw  fmilH  ptonttliun  OMlritted  Ol  rwa  bundrtj  mJ (urly  arfmli uf  rultJwted 
Und,  *  irrr  Euwl  Hock  of  ottlv,  and  ■  bnw«rT ."  Pbllt»  Pliunui.  Pnttml  Stale  KJ  lit  Eur»ftan 
Saitememlj  on  tik*  MitiiSMPpi  (cd,  by  P.  O.  Hoddtt],  p.  Sj;  «ni  bIm  Thwaito.  JtiMt  KéÛ&iu, 
lu.,  o,  *6.  ltd.,  p.  j^. 


A  MEMORLU.,  SEPTEMBER  17,  ij88 


4M 


Ninety  one  only;  That  a  similar  reasoning  may  be  made  with  rcgaitl 
lo  the  inhaliilants  i»f  I'nurie  clu  rocher,  L'aliokia,  and  more  forcibly 
with  resiJetl  to  tlmse  of  Paste  Vinceimes  who,  having  given  up  a  Charter 
of  upwards  uf  Nine  mîlliunit  of  aiTCS,'  will  not  receive,  to  com[)cn!>atiun 
for  that  and  all  ihcJr  lusses,  much  above  Sixty  thousand  acres,  the  num- 
ber of  the  tiead-s  uf  families  these  not  exccviling  One  buinlrcd  and  IJfly, 
though  the  whole  numtjer  of  maleis  amount  toîiix  hundred  and  twenty 
three  French  and  Americans;  And  finally,  that  three  hundred  and 
twelve  ihouzand  acres  for  the  French  and  Americans  at  Poste  Vîn- 
cennes,  and  three  hundred  and  twenty  eight  ihmizand  for  all  the  French 
and  Americans  in  thir  four  difTen^nt  districts  of  the  Illinois,  would  have 
fully  satisfied  the  expectations  and  cased  the  minds  of  the  inhabitants 
of  those  ancient  scillemenls. 

Your  Memoriajisls  hope  thai  the  Honorable  the  Congress  will  at 
least  be  pleas *d  to  extend  their  liberality  to  all  those  males  who  have 
attain'd  the  age  at  which  they  are  obliged  by  law  to  step  forth  in  the 
defence  of  the  community.  Above  all,  Your  Memorialists  humbly  beg 
that  the  Honorable  the  Congress  may  please  to  abrogate  that  part  of 
their  Resolve  which  binds  them  to  a  three  years  residence  in  the  country 
in  order  to  he  entitled  to  the  property  of  the  lands  granted  them;  to 
repeal  or  modify  that  article  of  the  Orflinance  of  Congress  of  last  year 
which  respects  the  slavery  of  Negroes  in  the  Western  territory,  so  far 
as  it  ofwratcs  as  an  F.x  post  facto  law;  and  lastly,  to  determine  on  the 
merits  of  our  many  Petitions  and  Memorials,  independent  of  any  bar- 
gain made  or  lo  !«  made  with  individuals,  by  which  wc  might  be  left  at 
their  mercy  more  than  wc  aie  salisôed  it  is  the  intention  of  Congress 
that  wc  bhodd. 

Your  Memorialists,  as  in  duty  bound,  will  ever  pray  for  the  glory 
and  welfare  of  the  United-States 

By  order  and  in  behalf  of  the  French  and  American  inhabitants  uf 
the  Illinois  and  Poste  Vincennes  B  :  Tabdiveau  agent. 

NewyorkSepr.  17th  1788, 
[Endorstd:]    Memorial    Mr  Taidiveau  Agent 


)  llilg  dilm  û  Ht  (ortb  fa  »  manorial,  diiWd  NoimnlKT  lo,  179,1,  and  prinipd  In  Amir.  JIM* 
raftiiJ'ub.lanJi.  I.,  31.  The  dafan  b,  tlul  the  pLanJualuv  liijiuiu  pvc  Uir  InlMbitaaUlli^  Und 
in  1741.  Tbc  deed  wu  never  pradoetd,  IwauM,  •cccnllai  lo  ih>  clmtn.  ■  noiory  rut  ofl  «iih  ibe 
rrcnnJi'.  1'hir  ti<>ry  a  vnv  Mfplclouft,  to  lotianllaB  if  the  Ficnch  vi>iiipoiii1  all  lanil  diKurrrrd  by 
Ibr-  rrnirli  l>rlnniir>)  In  l}ic  roJM  doiMÎa,  sud  ft  tlllc  M  MV  bod  could  only  be  obUifWdbr  ftpsnt 
from  [h<  king.    For  «rirofavonUsW  tlw  daim  of  ihc people  ol  Vincninck,K«Lhiiui,J.P.,/aAiiM. 


494  nXLINOlS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

—  Inhabit&nisof  Illinois  and  St.  Vincents — ReidSqir.  syih.  17S8 
Referred  to  Mr  Clark 

Mr  Williamson 

Mr  Madison 
Reported  —  Sept.  1 788  — 


Some  Lost  Lettsss  Concerning  Takj>ivzau's  Missiok. 

[RepriMtd  from  Dobetiy,  D.  J.,  "KukukU  the  Andem."  tn  V.  S.  Catk.  HiO. 
Hag.,  i*..  pp.  40-45'] 

"The  Gentlemen  who  watched  the  interests  of  these  inhabitants 
before  Congress  was  Mons.  B.  Tardivcau.  I  have  read  his  letters  to 
Mons.  James  Bcaiivais  of  Kaskaskias,  dated  Xcw  York.  1788. 

Mons.  Tardiveati'.s  object  was  to  obtain  for  each  inhabitant  6w 
hundred  arpents  of  land,  but  he  had  lo  endure  a  great  deal  of  delay 
and  hindrance  fmm  the  rommiltrc-  which  had  the  matter  in  hand,  from 
the  absence  of  members  of  Congress,  and  especially  from  the  counter 
lobbying  of  Col.  Morgan,  who,  according  to  these  letters,  seems  to  have 
been  a  huge  land  grabber.  Finally  the  committee  reported  in  favor  of 
four  hundred  arpcnls  to  each  male  inhabitant.  But  Mr.  Tardiwau 
states  that  he  had  shown  to  the  president  and  other  members  that  tbe 
additional  hundred  arpents  which  he  .«ought  was  merely  "une  bagatelle 
pour  le  Congn^s,"  and  he  hoped  to  obtain  the  full  five  hundred.  —  The 
intrigues  of  Col.  Morgan  are  interesting.  He  had  many  private  inter- 
views with  Mr.  Tardiveau  in  which  he  stated:  First,  that  it  was  certain 
congress  would  grant  nothing;  second,  that  he  (Morgan)  with  two  bun* 
dred  other  persons  of  means  was  about  to  purchase  two  million  arpents 
of  land  in  fllinois;  third,  that  Mons.  Tiirdiwau  ought  to  cease  prose- 
cuting his  mk-rion  and  ought  to  join  the  company  which  would  sell  the 
land  at  reasonable  rates  to  the  inhabitants.  Mr.  Tardii.-eau  refused. 
HLs  enemies  then  said  that  he  was  going  to  form  a  society  lo  buy  the 
land  as  soon  as  granted  —  that  besides  the  French  settlers  were  going 
across  tbe  river  to  the  Spanish  territory,  and  that,  anyhow,  they  had 
never  lost  anything  by  the  troops  of  Clark.  Mons.  Tardiwau  was  in 
de^air.  He  says  sadly;  "Le  Cot.  Morgan  avait  trouvé  te  secret  de  les 
intéresser  trop  fortement  ;  il  leur  a  fait  faire  tout  ce  qu'il  a  voulu.    Tout 

>  Tbia  pnprr  m*  rnii  brlotr  thr  Mnaouri  HiiC.  SocLcIT.  Fcbtiurr  ri.  1S7),  and  teporltr]  ia  (Iw 
51.  Lfuii  JUrtit4it»n,  ftbroRty  19,  •nd  t.Uts<ni4a  rtprlntcd  In  tbtn*.    Tttb  a  «olr  an  onMO. 


L 


LETTERS  CONCERNING   TARDIVEAU'S  MISSION        495 

a  été  unique  dans  cette  affaire,  et  j'ai  de  bonnes  raisons  pour  croire  que 
plusieurs  des  membres  du  Congress  y  sont  intéressés."  ^  He  hoped  that 
the  new  confederation  and  the  new  congress  would  be  more  just' 

1  TruHUlk»;  "Coi.HornnbulfouiidtbeMmtof  InUnsliiutbaiilooMToiiglr;  be  made  thca 
daevoTthtDj  be  wanted.  AlThu  been  uniqiu  io  thii  alUr,  and  f  hate  |ood  ream»  to  bdkre  that 
tevetal  mcmben  of  CongreM  are  interested  in  it." 

*  Unfcrtimatdr  the  letters  Ot  the  Baimb  famUr  have  been  loM. 


CHAPTER  XIV 

THE  CLIMAX  OF  ANARCHY,  AUGUST,  1787  TO  MARCH  s.  179» 
JtJSTicE  BY  Arbitkation  —  TftE  Letteks  ot  Major  Hahtramcx  —  The 

KuiAHATtON  TO  THE  SPANISH  BANK  —  TOE  HOSTIUTY  OP  TUE  INDIANS  — 

A  Nkw  Coust  at  Vincennes  —  The  Question  op  îîlaveiiy  in  tbm 
NomiiWEST  ~  A  Petition  for  Help  fkou  Kaskaskia  —  John  Evcam 
DiscHiBEs  CoNomoNs  —  John  Rice  Jones  Writes  or  the  Akaschv. 

The  End  or  a  Suit  at  Law,  May  a,  178&. 
(K.  MSS.— D.  s.] 
Nous  Jurés  Nommé  Vas  La  Cour  Des  KasKasKJa  tlepcodaiice  des  Ill- 
inois En  vertu  d'une  st-nlcncc  En  lîaltc  Du  hiiit  du  Courant  ni(ois]  a  l'effet 
de  nous  assembler  pnur  terminer  Lc{.s]  (lunicslatidiis  &  Oîffcrents  qui 
subsistent  entre  Le  ar  Jonli  [su]  edgard  negt  demeurant  En  Ce  lieu  au 
Nom  &  Comme  demandeur  Pour  les  héritiers  Crcly  Kn  Vertu  des  pou- 
voirs &  vante  qui  nous  uni  été  exhibé  d'une  part  &  Le  sr  Nicolas  La- 
hanse  dit  Cayott  ausay  demeurant  Cy  devant  Dans  Celte  dépendance 
d'autre  part,  Ccst  a  sçavoîr  quic]  Cumc  le  sr  Jonh  edgard  En  rertu  De 
ses  demt-lndc]  Pour  être  réintégré  au  nom  Come  dessus  &  [.If .S",  torn] 
En  possession  Des  biens  De  la  veuve  ("rcly  Si  notomenl  Dune  habitation 

[Translation,] 
We,  the  arbiters  named  by  ibc  Court  of  Kadtaskia,  dependency  of 
the  Illinois,  in  virtue  of  a  decree,  dated  the  8th  of  the  present  month, 
to  summon  us  to  terminale  the  disputes  and  disagreements  which  exist 
between  Mr.  John  Edgar,  merchant  living  in  ihii  place,  in  the  name  of 
and  as  plaintiff  for  the  heirs  of  M.  Crcly  by  reason  of  his  power  of 
attorney  and  bill  of  sale,  which  have  been  show»  us,  on  the  one  part, 
and  M.  Nicolas  Caillot  dit  Lacliansc,  also  formerly  a  resident  of  this 
dependency,  on  the  other  part,  let  it  be  known  that  M.  John  Edgar  in 
Wrtue  uf  fais  petition  to  be  reinstated  in  the  above  named  title  and  [put] 
in  possession  of  the  property  of  Ibc  widow  Crcly  aiid  cspedaUy  of  a 

496 


END  OF  A  SUIT  AT  LAW,  MAY  ».  1788  497 

terre  maison  Circonstanrcs  S;  dépendances  qui  lui  scruit  ccliu  Dans  Lc 
partage  qu'elle  iiuroit  fail  avec  ses  Knfaiis  Le  Vingt  quatre  aoust  mil  sept 
Cent  soixante  <Ifiix  suivant  L'invanlain-  fie  ce  MOme  Jour  Par  I>c  quel 
elle  rcfontiit  CunJDinlcment  avec  surs  Knfaos  quil  c'cloit  pfour]  sa  part 
Si  portion  une  somme  de  Vingt  cjl/.V.  lorn]  mille  huit  cent  trente  huit 
livres  dix  Mils  Kn  argent  y  Compris  son  clouaia'  &  prcriput  Dont  elle 
rcfonoit  Dêtre  mise  Kn  possession  &  que  depuis  la  moment  &  pendent 
quelle  é[toil]  En  Jouissance  du  dit  bien,  La  ditlc  dame  Crcly  a  tombé 
En  démence  &  Inhabile  D'aliéner  ses  biens  Ainsy  qui]  noiis  La  par  {\fS. 
lorn]  par  Les  pieces  mises  sous  nos  yeui  &  Encore  par  L'IrcguIarîté 
D'une  vante  faîte  Par  La  dittc  dame  Crcly  En  datte  Deux  mars  mil  sept 
Cent  soixante  quatorze  ou  il  paroil  que  Le  sr  Lnchancc  N'auroit  point 
signé  L'acceptation  de  la  dittc  vante  faîttc  par  La  dittc  dame  En  sa 
fa\-eur  pour  une  somme  de  quatre  mille  Littcs  En  argent  ainsy  quil 
nous  a  été  Exposé  par  La  rcquettc  En  demande  En  datte  de  Ce  Jour 
par  Le  sr  Jnnh  edgard  a  l'cncontre  du  sr  nîcolas  Caillot  Dit  Lachancc, 
qui  na  point  Comparu  a  La  Cour  ce  Jourdhuy  pour  prcscnler  ses  de- 
fences Se  apris  avoir  pris  Connoissancc  &  Demandé  a  l'huissier  toul- 

[Tramlalion.] 
dwelling  house,  grounds,  and  other  appurtenances  which  became  her 
portion  at  the  di>'ision  which  was  made  with  her  children  on  August 
»4,  1762,  according  to  the  inventory  made  on  the  same  day  by  which 
she  recognized  conjointly  with  her  children  that  there  was  [as]  her  part 
and  portion  a  sum  of  twenty-  [five]  thousand  eight  hundred  and  thirty- 
eight  livres  ten  sols  in  money,  her  dowry  and  jointure  therein  included, 
arui  she  recognized  that  she  had  been  put  in  possession  thereof;  and 
[that  it  is  further  known)  that  from  the  moment  and  during  the  time 
that  the  said  property  has  been  in  her  possession,  the  said  Madame 
Crely  has  been  out  of  her  mind  and  incapable  of  alienating  her  properly. 
It  has  also  [been  shown)  us  by  the  documents  before  us  and  also  by  the 
irregularity  of  a  sale  made  by  the  said  Madame  Cclry,  dated  March  a, 
1774,  wl)erein  it  appears  that  M.  Lachanse  has  never  signed  the  accept- 
ance of  the  said  sale  made  by  the  said  Madame  Crely  in  his  favor  for 
the  sum  of  four  thousand  livres  in  money,  as  has  been  shown  us  also  by 
the  prayer  in  the  petition  of  M.  John  Edgar,  of  this  day's  date,  in  op- 
pmsition  to  M.  Nicolas  Caillot  dit  Lachanse  who  has  not  appeared 
before  the  Court  to-<iay  to  present  his  defense.    After  wc  have  taken 


49»  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

ouu  si  La  signification  avoît  été  faite  au  dit  sr  Lachance  de  Com- 
paroitrc  Ccjourdhuy,  &  a  quoi  D  nous  auroit  rcpoodu  que  oui.  Vu 
îexamen  des  piccs  &  titres  &  notament  La  dcmaode  faîte  par  L«  sr 
Edgar  par  requettc  qui  Nous  a  été  lue  &  Inteqircté  Par  autorité  De 
la  Cour  Ce  jourdhuy  Kn  sa  presence  Nous  Jurés  Comme  Dessus  avons 
opiné  &  opinions  que  pour  faire  droit  suivant  Notre  ame  &  conscience 
&  après  avoir  examiné  La  nulité  de  L'acte  de  vante  faitte  par  la  dame 
Crely  veuve  de  Jean  Baptiste  Crcly  pour  par  Le  dit  sr  nlcolas  Caillot 
dit  Lacbance  n'avoir  pas  accepté  la  ditte  vante  conformément  a  la 
Coutume  de  paris  &  Encore  après  avoir  avon  mis  En  Consideration  que 
si  semblable  acte  pouvoit  avoir  Lieu  &  sortir  son  plein  &  Entier  Effet, 
n  paroit  que  la  ditte  dame  étoît  En  démence,  avoit  L'esprit  aliéné, 
lors  De  la  transaction  &  possession  De  l'acte  de  vante  En  faveur 
Du  dit  nicolas  Caillot  dit  Lachancc  par  la  dîtle  veuve  Crcly  Ce  qui  est 
démontré  par  une  requette  présenté  par  gabrie!  aubuchon  Mari  En 
seconde  noce  De  la  ditte  veuve  Crely  aux  lins  De  réclamer  pour  la  ditte 

[Translation.] 
cognizance  thereof  and  inquired  of  the  tiimsier  Toulouze  if  notice  was 
served  on  the  said  M.  Lachanac  to  appear  to-day  and  we  haw  received 
answer  that  it  was,  we  ha^-e  examined  the  documents  and  titles,  especially 
the  pra)Tr  made  by  M.  John  Edgar  in  his  petition  which,  by  the  author- 
ity of  the  Court,  has  to-day  been  read  and  interpreted  in  his  presence  to 
us,  and  we  the  above  mentioned  arbiters,  in  order  that  we  may  do  right 
according  to  our  soul  and  conscience,  after  having  examined  ihc  act 
of  sale  made  by  Madame  Crely,  widow  of  Jean  Baptiste  Crcly,  which  is 
made  null  and  void  because  the  said  bill  of  sale  was  not  accepted  by 
the  said  Nicolas  Caillot  dît  Lachanse  in  conformity  with  Ihc  Coutume 
de  Paris  and,  furthermore,  after  having  [considered  cvcrythinKJ.'  have 
taken  into  consideration  [the  harm]  if  similar  instnimcnls  could  be  drawn 
and  have  their  full  and  entire  effect,  and  have  decided  and  do  decide 
that  it  is  apparent  that  the  said  lady  was  out  of  her  mind  and  m'>ntally 
deranged  at  the  time  of  the  transaction  and  [of  giving  the]  possession 
of  the  act  of  sale  in  favor  of  the  said  Nicolas  Caillot  dît  Lachanse  by  the 
said  widow  Crely.  This  is  shown  by  a  petition  presented  by  Gabriel 
Aubucbon.  the  second  husband  of  the  said  widow  Crely,  for  the  purpose 
of  asking  assistance  —  this  was  presented  to  M.  de  Rocheblave  com- 

1  Thr  niS^nai  coprist  tun  («Idnilly  omltlnl  wtniHhlnf  hrr». 


END  OF  A  SUIT  AT  LAW,  MAY  »,  1788 


499 


vcu[\*c]  &  pardûvant  mr  de  rocheblave  Commandant  Des  KasKasKia 
pour  lors,  A:  Encore  par  les  protestations  postérieures  faittes  par  Les 
Domi^ii  Baptiste  Crcly  &  françoisc  Crely  Enfans  legitimes  De  la  ditte 
vcuvc  Crcly  par  laquelle  II  i>aroit  visiblement  que  cette  veuve  ne  Jouis- 
soit  par  de  son  Bon  sens.  Joignant  ces  Deux  Causes  a  l'absence  Du  st 
Nicolas  Caillot  dit  Lachancc  pour  debarrc  sa  cause  &  Done{jtr]  Les 
raisons  quîl  auroit  a  produire  pour  sa  defence  &  Justification,  nous 
l'av[onsj  Condamné  par  défaut  D'aparition  &  Encore  par  L'Ircgularitiï 
De  l'acte  De  vante,  dont  l'orignal  est  sous  nos  yeux  a  la  restitution 
d'une  terre  habitation  maison  CîrcoDtances  Sl  Dépendances  situé  sur 
la  cotau  [  f]  de  pierre  de  l'autre  bord  de  la  rivière  Kas,  Conformément  au 
titre  de  propriété  Si  de  Concession  accordé  Le  Vingt  quatre  de  may  de 
l'an  mil  sept  cent  quarante  Cinq,  &  Encore  D'un  autre  morceau  de 
terre  attenant  a  icelui  accordé  Le  dix  de  may  mil  sept  cent  quarante 
six  par  les  Commandant  &  Comissairc  des  KasKasKia  De  ce  tems,  Le 
tout  poiH-  être  remis  JS;  restitué  ainsi  quil  est  dit  Cy  devant  aux  Dits 
héritiers  Crely  &  notament  audit  sr  Jonh  edgar  Leur  représentant  En 
vertu  Des  pouvoirs  &.  titres  a  nom  exhibé  avec  Les  Interests  a  raison  de 


[Translation.] 

mandant  of  Kaâkasl^iia  at  that  time — and  further  by  later  protesta- 
tions made  by  the  named  Baptiste  Crely  and  Françoise  Crely,  legiii- 
mate  children,  by  which  it  was  quite  apparent  that  the  widow  was  not 
in  her  right  mind.  Joining  to  these  two  causes  the  failure  of  M.  Nic- 
olas Caillot  dii  Lachanse  to  defend  his  case  and  to  give  the  arguments 
which  he  might  be  able  to  produce  in  his  defense  and  justification,  we 
have  condemned  him,  in  default  of  his  appearance  and  further  on  ac- 
count of  the  irregularity  of  the  act  of  sale,  of  which  the  original  is  before 
our  eyes,  to  make  restitution  of  a  dwelling-house,  grounds,  and  other 
appurtenances  situated  on  the  ledge  of  rocks  on  the  other  side  of  the 
River  Kaskaskia,  conforming  to  the  title  of  the  property  and  concession 
granted  May  24,  1745,  and  also  to  make  restitution  of  another  piece  of 
land  adjoining  this,  granted  May  10,  1746,  by  the  commandant  and 
commissioner  of  Kaskaskia  at  that  time.  The  whole  is  to  be  relumed 
and  restored,  as  is  heretofore  said,  to  the  heirs  Crely  and  especially  to 
the  said  M.  John  Edgar,  their  representative  by  power  of  attorney  and 
titles  as  shown,  with  interest  at  5  per  cent,  from  the  time  of  the  death 
of  the  said  widow  Crely  up  to  Ibe  day  and  moment  be  isput  in  possession, 


500  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Cinq  pour  Cent  Depuis  la  mort  Ce  h  Dïllc  veuve  Crcly  J  usqua  ce  Jour  & 
moment  De  mise  Ea  possession  sur  le  prix  de  quatre  mille  Livres  qu'il 
paroit  que  la  Ditte  terre  &  habitation  avoit  été  soit  disant  vendue  audit 
sr  Lâchante  En  par  ce  dernier  [KLyant  (également  tout  Les  fraix  que  la 
présente  procedure  peut  avoir  occastoné  soit  au  dil  sr  Jonh  edgar  ou 
louis  autres  que  besoin  auroit  été,  car  ainsjr  avons  opiné  pour  £lrc  notre 
présente  Decision  homotogui*  &  Confirmé  Par  La  Cour  après  avoir  fait 
droit  &  avons  touts  signé  Le  Deux  De  may  de  lan  mil  sept  cent  quatre 
vingt  huit,  La  moitié  Des  Jurés  soussigné  De  nation  française  &  l'autre 
moitié  américain  qui  ai*on  été  Interprété  Du  Contenu  En  la  présente 
Decision  Pour  J^tre  Conformé  a  notre  unanime  opinion  &  Comme  nous 
Jurés  assemblés  n'avons  rien  dit  touchant  le  surplus  Du  bien  De  la 
ditic  veuve  Crcly  Montant  a  la  somme  de  Vingt  Cinq  mille  huit  Cent 
trente  huit  livres  six  sols  quil  paroit  que  La  ditte  dame  a  reçue  Lors 
Du  partage  fait  Entre  elle  &  ses  Enfans  Nous  opin[ions]  Egalement  que 
le  dît  s'  nicolas  Lachance  Doit  remcirc  &  restituer  tout  Le  bien  De  la 
ditte  dame  Dont  il  soit  rais  En  iX)ssc5sion  Lors  de  sa  mort  qui  est  arive 
Dans  La  maison  Du  dit  Lachance,  En  par  lui  payant  également  L'in- 
terest  De  la  somme  dont  H  peut  itrc  question  aux  dits  Crely  ou  ses 

[Translation.] 
on  the  sum  of  4,000  livres  which  it  a]j|wars  was  the  sum  given  by  tbe 
said  M.  Lacbanse  in  tbe  soi-disant  sale;  this  latter  shall  likewise  pay 
all  the  expenses  that  the  present  case  can  have  occasioned  M.  John 
Edgar  and  all  other  coats  thai  have  been  necessary;  for  we  have  so 
decided,  so  that  our  present  decision  may  be  legalized  and  confirmed 
by  the  Court,  after  having  done  Justice;  and  we  have  all  signed  the  ad 
of  May,  in  the  year  1788.  One  half  of  the  undersigned  arbiters  were 
French,  the  other  half  Americans  to  whom  has  been  interpreted  the 
contents  of  the  present  decision,  in  order  to  have  it  conform  to  our 
unanimous  opinion.  And  as  we,  the  arbiters  assembled,  have  said  nothing 
concerning  the  surplus  property  of  the  widow  Crcly,  amounting  to  the 
sum  of  35,838  livres  6  sols,  which  it  appears  thai  the  said  lady  received 
at  the  lime  of  the  division  made  between  herself  and  her  children,  we 
decide  equally  that  the  said  Nicolas  Lachansc  must  likewise  return  and 
restore  all  the  property  of  the  said  lady  into  the  possession  of  which  he 
was  put  at  her  death,  which  occurred  in  ihe  house  of  the  said  Lachansc; 
and  he  must  likewise  pay  the  interest  on  tbe  sum  [concerning  the  amount] 


END  OF  A  SUIT  AT  LAW,  MAY  a,  i;68 


SOI 


icprcsenlant  a  raison  de  Cioq  pour  Cent  depuis  La  mort  De  la  ditte 
\-cuvc  Crdy  Jusqu'au  moment  Du  parfait  &:  Ljilicr  payement  avec 
touts  &aijc  qui  unt  put  tire  iuJts  pour  y  parv'coir  &  avun  Corne  dessus 
signé  a[prfci]  lecture  prise  &:  îttter]>rclaliun  tuitte  du  Cuntcou  puur 
être  Egalement  la  présente  q[.W5.  torn]  Confinné  par  la  Cour  le  même 
jour  5:  an  que  dessus  S:  attend  a  que  Dans  Le  Corp  de  Jur<!s  assembles 
ici  present  quit  s'en  trouve  Deux  qui  ne  scavent  pas  signer  Dont  l'un 
se  nome  Baptiste  Gendron  &  l'autre  michel  antaya,  Ils  Déclarent  lun 
&  lautre  presence  de  témoins  avoir  faits  Leur  marques  ordinaire 
Dan'  Ml-Eluuff  Louis  LatI?) 

Jaues  WiLLf:Y  P  Richard 

Archibau)  MacNabb      B  Richak» 
John  Clakk  marque 

WiLiJAU  Bailev  De  +  uichel  aktaya 

Levi  Thf.el  marque 

LEVASSEUa  DE  +  Jn  BtE  GENDKON 


[  Tramhlion.] 
oî  which  there  can  be  a  question,  to  the  said  Crely  (heirs]  or  their  repre- 
sentative, at  the  rate  of  five  per  cent  from  the  time  of  the  death  of  the 
said  widow  Crcly  until  the  moment  of  the  perfect  and  full  payment, 
together  with  all  costs  that  may  have  been  made;  [and  we  have  thus 
determined]  after  the  reading  and  interpretation  of  the  contents  were 
made,  »o  that  the  present  may  be  likewise  confirmwl  by  the  Court. 
The  same  year  and  day  as  the  above.  And  it  sliould  be  noticed  that 
among  the  arbiters  here  assembled  there  are  two  who  cannot  agn  their 
names,  one  of  whom  is  Baptiste  Gendron,  and  the  other  Michel  Antaya; 
in  the  presence  of  witnesses  they  both  declare  Ihcy  have  made  their 
mark». 

Daniel  McEujurr. 

James  Willey. 

Arcuibauj  MacNabu. 


John  Clakk. 
Wiluau  Bailey. 

Levi  Theel. 
Levasseitr. 


Louis  Lat[  ?| 
P.  Richard. 
B.  Richard. 
Mark 
Michel  +  Antaya. 
of 
Mark 
Jn.  Bte.  +  Gendron. 
of 


503  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Pour  temuins  Des  marques  ordinaire 

Sâu  Bradley       ThosHdches 

Vu  par  I^  Cours  du  District  des  Kas  La  présente  upininn  Du  Corps 
de  Jurés  assemblée  Par  nutre  autorité  nouA  Luvoiui  Omolugd  et  omolo- 
gons  pour  sortir  sou  Plato  Et  Entier  Effet  et  en  tout  cas  d  £tre  Con- 
traint par  tuutte  voix  de  droit  Donné  a  la  Cour  tenante  Vcodredy  deux 
du  present  mois.    KasKasKias  Le  s  may  1 7SS 

ANToiNR  Baia'ais  prcsidaos 

[Transhtian.] 
Witnesses  for  the  customary  marks, 

Sau  Ehadi^y.       Thos.  Hugrbs. 

The  Court  of  the  District  nf  Ruskaskia  liaving  seen  the  present  de- 
cision of  the  arbiters  assembled  by  our  authority,  wc  have  confirmed 
and  do  confirm  it  so  that  it  may  have  its  full  and  entire  effect  and  that 
coercion  by  every  way  of  justice  may  be  used  in  every  case.  Done  in 
the  session  of  the  Court,  Friday,  ad  of  the  present  month, 

Kaskaskia,  May  2,  17&8,  Antoine  Sauvais,  PrcâideoL 


Majob  JotîN  Hamtramck'  to  Genebal  Josiah  Harhak, 
March  z8,  1789. 
[Draper  MSS.,  aWi7-ja — Copy*], 
Fort  Knox  at  Post  Vincenkes,  Feb.»  2^^  1789. 
Dear  General, 

Capt.  Bradford  arrived  at  Fort  Knox  on  the  26tb,  with  his  company 
in  perfect  order  without  any  accident.  Capt.  Bradford  delivered  me 
your  letter  of  the  i^^^  Fcbniary.  The  last  1  had  the  Uunor  to  write 
you  was  in  January  —  ûnce  which  nothing  of  cunsecjuence  has 
happened    .     .    . 

I  am  very  glad  the  grand  treaty  was  concluded  without  accident, 
for  I  have  been  informed  this  winter  by  some  Indians  that  the  Nations 

■  Alter  Ocomi  Harnur't  dpparlurv  from  Viiicpann,  Mijor  H^muanick  «ru  pUco)  in  coltnnud 
ol  itut  rillnie. 

*  Thr  (T)pin  of  .M  HamiramrJi'i  Itiien.  lien  priolnl.  were  nude  by  Dr.  L.  C.  Drapv  Iran)  lbs 
Humiu  iiolitxiiun      1  lie  ùmmiuiu  Ut  due  to  Ibe  capyiM. 

*Dr.  I>  C.  Dnfiei  ouUs  Out  ttiU  sbcnilil  be  Mzrcli  aKocdJng  b»  teller  t>y  Iluiiminck  irrilUoiB 
Aja». 


HARtTRAMCK  TO  HARMAR,  MARCH  38,  1789 


S03 


had  directions  from  the  Knglish  not  to  agree  to  anything  unie;»  the  north 
side  of  the  Ohio  was  made  their  boundary,  and  that  if  it  was  refused  to 
rompel  us  by  immediately  attacking  our  garrisons  and  settlements. 

Another  treaty  is  called  by  the  English  at  la  Roche  du  Saut  in  the 
Spring;  (this  infi)rmation  I  do  not  give  for  certain). 

.  .  .  I  am  fearful  that  the  Governor  will  not  6nd  many  people  in 
the  Illinois,  as  they  are  daily  going  on  the  Spanish  side.  I  believe  that 
all  our  Americans  of  Post  Vincennes  will  go  to  Morgan  —  a  number  of 
them  are  already  gone  to  sec  him.  I  aro  told  that  M'  Morgan  has 
taken  unwarrantable  mca-sures  to  invite  the  people  of  the  IHinois  to 
come  to  him,  saying  that  the  Governor  would  never  come  in  that  country, 
&  that  their  negroes  were  all  free  the  moment  the  government  should  be 
established  —  for  which  all  the  remaining  good  Inhabitants  propose  to 
go  to  him.  I  cannot  give  you  this  for  certain;  I  will  know  better  In  a. 
short  time,  &  inform  you. 

I  shall  again  inform  myiKlf  of  the  certainly  of  the  Kkkapoos  defeat- 
ing our  boats. 

Some  of  the  Petowatomies,  who  sent  me  a  message  offering  to  come 
under  the  protection  of  the  United  States,  have  been  at  war  in  Ken- 
tucky, headed  by  one  of  their  Chiefs,  hi  Grandie  CoiUlt;*  this  parly 
was  overtaken  on  their  rclum  by  a  body  of  militia,  &  killed  the  Chief 
it  wounded  four  of  his  warriors.  This  infonnation  I  had  by  a  letter 
I  rcccivi-d  from  Jean  Baptiste  Constans  of  Weeya. 

...  I  enclose  a  number  of  pajKrs  which  X  got  from  one  Dolman 
who  lives  with  the  Shawanese;  be  tells  me  that  he  had  been  with  you 
last  summer. 

If'"*  SimmonSy  a  young  man,  is  prisoner  at  Detroit;  John  White,  a 
young  man,  at  the  Miami;  M'*  Briati  at  the  Delaware  Town;  and 
one  Citarl&s  Heart,  of  Whwiing,  îâ  at  the  Miami  Tohti.  .  .  . 

La  Grosse  Tète,  a  Pyankcshaw  Chief,  who  killed  a  man  &  young 
boy  at  Sullivan's  Station  last  year,  is  now  in  coofinemcnl.  I.a5t  sum- 
mer I  sent  you  the  dc]x>sitiun  relative  Lo  this  affair.  Two  reasons  hara 
induced  me  to  lake  him  prisoner  —  ûrst,  that  the  fii^t  Chief  of  that 
nation  is  a  man  of  reason  &  good  Indian,  to  whom  I  can  represect 
tiie  conduct  of  some  of  his  chiefs  &  demand  of  him  satisfaction  for  the 
blood  of  those  jwople  that  this  prisoner  has  murdered;  &  will  give  so 
much  solemnity  to  the  affair  as  to  make  the  nation  believe  that  his  par- 

*  Gnnd  Ormil    L.  C.  Dnptt'i  nuu. 


ILLINOIS  IflSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

don  will  be  the  last  act  of  It-nily  of  tbe  Unilvd  States,  if  ihcy  do  not  change 
their  conduct.  Another  reason  was,  that  I  had  nothing  to  fear  from 
their  resentment,  for  they  are  very  inconsiderable  in  numbers,  &  I  am 
sure  the  whole  nation  will  be  with  me  in  a  few  days  crying  for  mercy  — 
but  after  all  I  wish  I  could  hang  the  rascal. 

Since  writing  the  above,  I  haw  received  a  letter  from  a  Frenchman 
respecting  the  Peteicalomi^i;  be  tells  me  that  he  can  bring  seven  villages. 
I  shall  amuse  him  until  I  am  able  to  accept  of  them;  for  the  present 
it  is  out  of  the  question,  for,  for  those  people  amunition  is  wanted  (that 
I  have  not),  as  well  as  provision,  presents,  &e. 

Some  Frenchmen  from  the  Weeya  arrived  the  37»'»;  they  tell  me 
(or  certain,  that  the  Weeya  Indians,  as  well  as  some  of  other  villages, 
are  gone  to  war,  &  that  some  are  for  this  place. 

.    .    .    M'  Henry,  of  this  village,  has  made  his  exit 


Major  John  Hamteauck  to  John  Wyllys,  May  37,  1789. 

[Draper  MSS.,  2W 39-^3.— Copy.*] 
FoHT  Knox,  at  Post  Vincenxes,  May  37'''  1789. 
Deak  Wvllvs, 

A  number  of  event*  compel  me  to  send  an  exjircss  to  tbe  Falls.  I 
informed  you  in  my  last  that  by  every  information  I  had  obtained,  I 
had  reason  to  suppose  that  the  Indians  of  the  Wabash  and  Miami  were 
badly  disposed.  They  have  (  to  my  mortification)  not  disappointed  me  ; 
for,  for  some  days  past,  they  have  killed  a  number  of  people. 

The  discrimination  of  the  French  &  Fnglish  is  done  with;  the 
negroes  are  the  only  ones  who  have  a  chance  of  their  lives  —  I  suppose, 
because  they  sell  well. 

On  the  16*''  instant  a  Frenchman,  who  lived  on  the  other  side  of 
the  river,  was  killed  in  tbe  night  ;  his  wife  &  two  children  were  scalped 
fit  wounded  —  the  woman  &  one  child  are  still  alive.  On  the  34***. 
four  French  pirogues  were  defeated  7  leagues  from  here;  4  men  were 
killed,  3  mortally  wounded;  one  is  prisoner,  &  the  remainder  made  their 
escape  to  the  village.  The  first  was  done  by  (he  Indians  of  La  Riifiere  a 
l'Augille;  &  the  other  by  the  Wecyas.  Henry  Richards,  for  whom  you 
was  a  god-father,  is  also  killed  ;  &  a  numl>cr  of  others  have  been  made 
prisoners.    I  shall  send  to  the  Indian  towns  &  try  to  stop  their  carnage. 

■  Enduwil  by  Maio-  Wylly*  U  Gcacnl  HAtnu. 


HAHTRAMCK  TO  WYLLYS,  MAY  27,  1789 


505 


But  luno  to  the  point.  Yesfeivlay  a  Frenchman,  in  whom,  from  his 
gcncraj  character,  I  must  put  confidence,  informed  me  thai  he  had  that 
day  gone  to  [he  woods,  &  that  four  Indians  came  to  him,  &  finding  him 
to  be  one  of  their  parentis,  told  him  "  we  will  not  hurl  you,  but  you  must 
tell  our  parents  in  the  village  (meaning  a  number  of  French  families 
with  whom  they  were  related),  chat  we  are  sorry  for  iheir  situation,  for 
the  Indians  from  above  are  coming  at  the  latter  end  of  this  moon 
(this  is  the  commencemfnt)  to  strike  on  the  village." 

This  news,  my  friend,  may,  or  may  not,  be  true.  I  have  found  by 
experience  that  many  Indian  news  have  proved  to  be  false;  also  others 
have  been  true.  I  think,  however,  that  an  officer  should  always  prepare 
for  the  worse,  &  I  shall  do  it.  I  am  no  ways  concerned  for  the  garrison, 
provided  I  \iVLVC  provision.  I  would  therefore  beg  of  you  to  send  mc  a 
supply  immediately;  &  it  must  arrive  in  16,  18  or  ao  days  from  this; 
for  if  it  cannot  be  here  at  that  time  my  opinion  (with  submission  to  yours) 
would  be  not  to  send  any  till  you  heard  from  me  —  for,  if  the  place 
should  be  invaded  before  it  arrives,  &  that  it  should  be  coming  up,  it 
would  ine^-itably  fall  in  the  hands  of  the  Indians.  But  on  tbe  other 
hand,  if  nothing  should  happen,  wc  can  get  supplies  from  the  village, 
such  as  it  is.  But  the  most  important  question  to  us  must  remain 
undetermined,  if  the  provision  should  not  come  in  time,  &  that  wc  should 
be  attacked. 

Time  docs  not  permit  mc  to  write  to  the  General.  I  never  hafi  so 
much  business  as  I  have  had  this  day,  but  I  nuan  that  you  will  send 
him  this  immediately  or  an  extract  of  it.  Inform  the  troops  at  the 
Miami  to  keep  a  good  lookout.  I  cannot  send  a  report  of  the  provision 
to  the  General,  for  there  is  none. 

The  bargain  made  between  M'  Sullivan,  the  Express  &  Capt. 
John  Mills,  the  commissary,  is  that  Sullivan  shall  return  whenever  you 
despatch  him,  which  I  hope  wilt  not  exceed  a  day  after  he  is  arrived. 

I  am  in  hopes  that  when  the  Governor  arrives,  he  will  give  another 
face  to  the  affairs  of  this  country,  for  their  situation  is  deplorable.  A 
chain  of  three  block-houses  &  cannon,  might  secure  the  tillage;  but 
thiscannnl  Ho  done  without  more  troops, 

A  number  of  circumstances  give  a  probability  to  the  affair  in  ques- 
tion, which  is,  that  the  communication  betwixt  the  Miamis  &  tbe 
Village  has  been  slopped  for  a  long  time  ;  &  a  Merchant  from  this  place 
who  had  been  taken  prisoner,  made  his  escape  from  the  Weeya,  &  he 


informs  me  ihat  for  certain  the  Indians  were  preparing  for  some  capital 
stroke.  I  would  bave  the  boats  not  overloaded,  to  enable  them  to 
ascend  the  Wabash  with  ease. 

I  know  that  M'  Sullii-an  does  not  stand  in  good  light  in  the  eyes 
of  your  uflicers,  but  let  his  private  character  be  what  it  will,  in  this 
moment  he  is  a  very  serviceable  man  to  me;  &,  indeed,  tbe  only  one 
I  could  get,  5:  beg  for  political  reasons  he  may  be  treated  with  allention. 

The  intelligence  of  this  letter,  the  bearer  knows  nothing  of  —  neither 
does  any  body  in  this  place,  1  wish,  for  particular  reasons,  that  yoa 
«ill  not  menlitjo  it  to  be  public  until  he  is  gone. 


Major  Jobx  Hautramck  to  General  Josiah  Hauiar,  July  39, 1789. 

[Draper  MSS.,  1W69-7J.— Copj-.] 

FoBT  Knox,  at  Post  Vincennes,  July  aç^  1789 

.  .  .  In  my  last  I  informed  you  that  I  had  sent  to  the  Wabash  Indians 
on  invitation  lo  cease  their  camagM,  since  which  a  number  of  them  have 
come  down  from  the  Weeya  ;  ihcy  spoke  to  me  with  a  submisMon  rarely 
to  be  seen  with  Indians;  ihey  gave  me  thousands  of  proiestalions  of 
their  repentance,  &  they  went  back  assuring  me  that  all  their  parties 
at  war  would  be  called  in.  They  told  me  that  if  their  young  men 
refused  to  live  amicably  with  us,  that  they  would  leave  them  &  come 
under  the  protection  of  the  fnitcd  States.  In  fact  the  French  tell  me 
thai  they  never  had  heard  the  Indians  speak  in  so  humiliating  a  manner. 
I  suppose  that  their  poverty  obliges  them  to  make  friends  with  u». 

The  garrison  is  ■^■ery  sickly  — ■  forty  nine  men  arc  this  day  sick  with 
the  intermitting  fever,  &  what  chagrins  me  most  is,  that  we  have  not 
an  ounce  of  Bark,  &  the  sick  obliged  to  live  on  salt  provision  for  tbe 
want  of  hospital  stores. 

The  knowledge  I  have  of  our  sickly  climate  as  well  from  ol>servation 
as  from  personal  experience,  obliges  me  to  represent  the  deûciency  in 
our  supplies  of  medicines;  and  Doctor  Elliot  infonns  me.  that  a  great 
part  of  the  little  he  has  received  has  been  uf  a  very  bad  quality.  This 
I  know,  that  he  gives  8  or  lo  grains  of  tartar  cmctit%  when  2  or  3  ought 
to  perform  the  operation  ;  and  I  am  well  persuaded  that  every  man  who 
composes  this  garrison  can  take  a  pound  of  Bark  during  the  »ckly 
season.  .  .  . 

[Prior  to  Lt-  Armstrong's  arrival,  there  was  "not  an  ounce  of  pro- 


I 

I 

I 


A 


I 


HAMTRAMCK  TO  HARMAR,  JULY  39.  1789 


50; 


n'sion  in  store  "  at  the  garrison,  fie  an  attack  on  the  village  was  expected 
in  a  few  days  &c.]'  .  .  . 

The  time  ïor  which  the  Magistrates  of  Post  Vincennes  were  to  Serve 
Expired  last  April;  and  as  I  expected  the  Governor  in  June  or  July, 
I  advised  the  people  to  wait  for  his  Excellency's  arrival  ;  but  if  it  should 
happen  that  the  Go^'crnor  could  not  come  this  summer,  I  beg  you  would 
Ite  so  good  as  to  inform  him  of  this,  &  that  he  would  be  pleased  to  send 
me  some  directions.' 

Of  late  I  have  not  heard  of  much  hostititie&  being  done  by  the 
Savages.  I  believe  that  it  will  be  pretty  safe  for  his  Excellency  to  come 
into  this  country. 

The  following  iâ  a  copy  of  the  latest  advices  from  New  Orleans, 
which  you  may  not  perhaps  have  been  informed  of.  It  is  copied  from 
M*"  Peysona,  who  is  the  Commandant  of  Si.  Genevieve,  so  (hat  I  conceive 
there  is  no  doubl  of  its  authenticity,  &  I  have  translated  it  into  English. 

Extract  of  the  latest  advices  from  the  Governor  General  of  Louisiana 
(o  the  Commandant  of  the  Posts  on  the  Mississippi. 

The  King  has  permitted  to  the  inhabitants  living  on  the  American 
ade  to  settle  themselves  in  this  Province  (vagabonds  excepted);  those 
who  will  accept  of  this  tvffer  will  have  lilnrty  to  continue  in  their  religion, 
but  they  will  not  have  the  privilege  of  exercising  it  in  public;  therefore 
all  churches  shall  be  Catholic  &  served  by  priest  from  Ireland.  What- 
ever emigrants  may  bring  with  them  of  commodities  or  other  effects 
to  them  appenairting,  will  be  free  from  all  taxes  of  entrance. 

The  inhabitants  of  Fort  Pitt,  Post  Vincennes,  of  Kentucky,  of  Cum- 
berland, of  Kaskaskia,  Cahokia,  &  of  other  settlements,  altho'  not  settled 
on  the  territories  of  Spain,  will  have  liberty  lo  send  all  their  commodities 
&  productions  to  New  Orleans  by  papng  only  15  p'  cent,     of  entrance. 

I  think  that  this  event  will  be  a  very  great  obstruction  to  Morgan's 
settlement,  as  tlte  duty  nut  being  more  than  15  p''cent,  I  cannot  think 
that  any  Americans  will  be  foolish  enough  to  sell  their  liberty  to  be 
governed  by  despots  at  so  low  a  price.  .  .  . 

P.  S.  —  I  am  this  moment  informed  that  the  people  of  Kentucky  arc 
going  on  an  expedition  against  the  Wabash  Indians;   from  every  dr- 

t  Evldmtly  a  lUTiuiut}  ol  pul  oi  tlir  letter  nwde  by  Dr-  Dnpcr. 


_   _ -,    In  ■  letter  le  GcBOil 

TUrnur,  AptO  3,  17SS.  atrrr  irlljnic  nl  Ar  xhaaa  ol  llic  oiurt  which  tuo  btm  aUUtihtd  by  John 
T(<ti!,  hi  nlUA:   "In  co>iM<|unicc  oi  irhi>:b  I  Iui«  disaoliW  tb«  old  «min,  wdercd  nnr  imfUtrMn 


'Tbb  rtien  to  s  court  wMcb  wnt  iiuutunwd  br  Haniinmdc  in  1788. 

'  «liusa  ol  llic  oiurt  ohich  had  titi 

_     .         .  hair  disaoliW  th*  old  emin,  wdercd  anr  nra«li__„ 

ta)w  circled,  aDil  aLibliihrrl  1  (m  ir(iil.i ' iu'ii  lis  thcin  lo  (O  hr,  >  copT  ni  wliich  1  htvr  IhcnaDor to 


eodoM.    My  oodc  o(  law»  villi  no  doubt,  nuke  roiu  l>uj[b,  but  I  liope  you  vUl  coiuidcT  thai  1  am 
nriilmaltwycTOCklcsfslaiar."     Diafer  ilSS^  i  V  jSj. 


t 


9«ft 


1LUXOI5  HUTTORICAL  COIXECTIONS 


cumsUoce  I  bdievc  it,  but  M'  Vigo,  (wbo  codtc}^  this  to  you)  nho  will 
pass  «t  tbe  Fallâ,  wtU  be  abte  lo  inform  yva  belter.  —  1  am  also  infiHmed 
tbat  one  DaniA  StMivan  from  this  place,  &  others  from  this  place,  are 
gooe  lo  meet  tbe  Kemucky  people;  if  so,  I  shall  be  glad  of  jour  direc* 
tiona  bow  and  what  I  can  do  with  ibem  when  the}'  return.  Since  1 
have  written  the  alxnT,  I  have  received  a  message  from  the  Wec)^ 
Indians,  «ith  new  prolesiaitons  of  ibeir  good  intentions;  &  as  a  testi- 
mony of  it,  they  YiXKC  sent  me  one  of  our  deserters  they  had  with  tbem.^ 
ft  another  —  a  corporal  wbo  deserted  at  the  some  time,  will  also  bc^| 
tent.  A  number  of  Indians  were  coming  to  tbe  i-iltagc;  but  Ibis  Ken- 
lucky  affair  will  undo  e>-ery  thing.  It  is  very  mortifj-ing  to  see  thctj 
aulhorily  of  tbe  United  Stales  so  much  insulted. 

Major  John  Hamtrauck  to  Genckal  Josiah  Uarmak, 

August  14.  17*9- 
[Dnper  MSS.,  aWSç-qi.— Copy.] 

Fort  Kkox,  at  Post  Viscenxes,  Aug«  14 
Dear  Gexekai., 

in  my  last  I  bad  the  honor  to  inform  yuu  of  an  expedition  made 
tbe  people  of  Kentucky  against  the  Wabash  Indians.  A  party  of  them 
are  now  at  this  plaie  on  tbctr  return  lo  Kentucky.  This  expedition 
consisted  of  230  men,  who  have  gone  near  the  Weeya,  killed  1 2  Indians; 
all  ibis  great  ciuniiuigii  was  done  in  16  days.  It  may  bccalledaproir-, 
ocation.  for  I  am  well  ()ersuadcd  that  tbcy  will  [Miy  for  it  —  &  perha 
ibis  village. 

Some  Americans  of  this  Village  were  with  them,  \f'  Daniel  Sttl- 
Uvam,  &  one  M^  Duff  &  others,  M<  Duff  was  walking  this  day  in  the 
streets  with  two  sculps  fired  on  a  slick.  If  iho5<-  people  are  to  be  taken 
notice  of,  I  shall  execute  your  directions  with  very  great  pleasure  ;  aiul 
I  am  this  moment  at  a  stand  about  confining  them.  It  is  very  mortify 
ing  to  me  to  see  the  authority  of  the  I'niied  Slates  so  much  sneezed  at, 
and  not  having  sufficient  power  lo  chastise  the  aggressors. 

The  Corporal  who  had  deserted  when  on  guard  was  brought  to  me 
the  other  day  by  Ihe  Weeya  Indians,  &  he  is  now  in  confinement  until 
you  determine  about  his  trial. 

A  number  of  people  had  gone  &  were  about  going  from  the  Ulinoift! 
to  the  Spanish  Side,  in  consequence  of  a  resolve  of  Congress  respecting' 
negroes,  who  (as  it  was  reported,  particularly  by  M'  Morgan)  were  to 
be  free.     Some  people  from  Ihe  Illinois  hod  wrote  me  concerning  it. 


is; 
iir-^| 

I 

1 

i 


HAMTRAMCK  TO   HARMAR,  .\0\'EMBER  2,  17S9         509 

but  I  was  perfectly  ignorant  of  the  matter,  whicJi  induced  mc  (0  write 
to  M'  B.  Tardiveau  at  the  Falls,  &  who  informs  mi;  thai  he  had  «TOtc 
mc  laàt  December  from  New  York  —  &  to  the  people  of  the  Illinois, 
on  this  affair,  but  that  he  is  informed  his  letters  were  intercepted:  that 
the  resolve  of  Congress  respecting  the  Siawry  of  this  Country  was  not 
intended  to  extend  to  the  negroes  of  the  old  French  inhabitants  —  which 
intelligence  I  had  immediately  published,  &  will  communicate  to  the 
Illinois  as  soon  as  poissiblc.  It  ap[>ears  to  me  that  he  or  they  that  have 
intercepted  those  letters,  must  ha\-c  had  a  very  great  interest  in  the 
depopulation  of  the  Illinois;  it  is  hard  to  suspect,  but  I  cannot  help  it. 

If  his  Excellency  does  not  come  this  year  or  some  of  the  judges, 
most  of  the  people  will  go  away  to  the  Spaniard*,  for  they  begin  to 
think  that  there  are  no  such  men  as  a  Governor  or  Judges. 

We  continue  very  sick.  I  enclose  a  monthly  return,  by  which  you 
will  sec  how  we  arc  pinched  to  do  duty. 

One  M'  Jones  writes  me  from  Kaskaskias,  thai  there  are  strict 
orders  arrived  at  St,  Louis  from  New  Orleans,  to  prevent  all  trade  or 
correspondence  between  them  &  Michilimakina  &  the  eastern  ports  of 
the  Mississippi,  on  pain  of  their  having  their  whole  properly  confi.scatcd, 
but  I  do  not  give  it  to  you  for  certain. 

Majok  John  Hautkamck  to  General  Josiah  Habuab, 
November  2,  1789. 
(Draper  MSS.,  »Wi34-i,i». —  Copy.] 

Post  \'incen*xes,  Mov*"  j<i  1789. 
.  .  .  Ever  since  last  summer  I  ha^-e  l)cen  taking  measures  lo  divide 
the  Wecya  Indians,  &  am  happy  to  inform  you  that  T  ha%'c  so  far  suc- 
ceeded, that  a  tribe  of  about  eighty  warriors  have  come  under  the  pro- 
tection of  the  United  States,  &  delivered  mc  two  white  prisoners  taken 
in  Kentucky  some  time  ago.  How  long  this  alliance  will  last,  I  know 
not,  as  I  have  nothing  to  encourage  them  with  &  they  expect  it. 

I  have  the  honor  to  enclose  a  Petition  from  the  inhabitants  of  Ka»- 

kaskias,  5:  a  copy  of  my  answer.     .    .    . 

^^B  The  Indians  of  the  K.iskasklas  have  paid  me  another  visit  with  new 

^^  protestations  of  their  Tidelity. 

^^_  [Enclosed  in  the  prKeding:] 

^B  To  John  Francis  Hamtramck,  Esq.    Major  of  the  i*^  U.  S.  Reg*, 

^H         &.  Commandant  at  Post  Vinccnncs,  8iC.  &C. 


Sio 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


The  inhabitants  of  Kaskaskios,  in  ihc  IlUnoîs,  beg  ]cave  lo  address 
you,  as  the  next  commanding  officer  in  the  service  of  ihc  United  Slates, 
to  lay  before  you  the  deplorable  situation  we  are  reduced  to,  and  the 
absolute  necessity  of  our  being  speedily  succoured  to  prevent  as  well 
our  total  ruin,  or  that  of  the  place. 

The  Indians  arc  greatly  more  numerous  than  the  \\liile  people, 
&  are  rather  hostilcly  inclined  :  The  name  of  an  American  among  them 
is  a  disgrace,  because  we  have  no  superior.  Our  horses,  homed  cattle, 
&  com  are  stolen  ft  destroyed  without  the  power  of  making  any  effect- 
ual rtALStance:  Our  houses  arc  in  ruin  ft  decay;  our  lands  are  unculti- 
vated; debtors  absconded  ft  absconding;  our  tittle  commerce  de- 
stroyed. We  are  apprehensive  of  a  dearth  of  com,  and  our  best  pros- 
pects are  misery  and  distress,  or  what  is  more  than  probable  an  untimely 
death  by  the  hands  of  savages. 

We  are  well  conWnced  that  all  these  misfortunes  have  befallen  us 
for  want  of  some  Superior  or  commanding  authority;  for  ever  since 
the  cession  of  this  Territory  to  Congress  we  ha^x  bceti  neglected  as  an 
abandoned  people,  lo  encounter  all  the  difËcultics  that  are  always 
attendant  upon  anarchy  &  confusion;  neither  did  we  know  from 
authority  until  latterly,  to  what  jwwcr  we  were  subject.  The  greater 
part  of  our  citizens  have  left  the  country  on  this  account  to  reside  lo 
the  Spanish  dominions;  others  are  now  following,  and  we  are  fearful, 
nay,  certain,  that  without  your  assistance,  the  small  remainder  will  be 
obliged  to  follow  their  example. 

Thus  situated,  our  last  resource  is  to  you.  Sir,  hoping  &  praying 
that  you  will  so  far  use  your  authority  to  save  an  almost  deserted  coun- 
try from  destruction,  &  to  order  or  procure  the  small  number  of  twenty 
men  with  an  ofScer,  to  be  stationed  among  us  for  our  defence  ;  and  that 
you  will  make  order  for  the  establishment  of  a  civil  court  to  lake  place 
immediately  &  lo  continue  in  force  until  the  pleasure  of  his  Excctlcnc}' 
the  Governor  shall  be  known,  and  to  whom  we  beg  you  would  commu- 
nicate our  distress. 

We  beg  your  answer  by  the  return  of  the  bearer,  addressed  lo  the 
"Rjtv^  M'  Le  Dru,*  our  Priest,  who  signs  this  in  the  name,  and  at  the 
request,  of  the  inhahitanls. 

Dated  at  Kaskaskia  the  fourteenth  day  of  September,  1789. 

>  A  Dmniaicui  Fnthtr  leol  bv  BMup  CwroU,  His  suy  b  KAikwkut  vm  »  «bout  <w«;  lor  he 
w  eniiced  niriy  liv  the  \Mittt  dtsr*  o(  tht  Spuilth.  Sbn,  J.  M.,  Lil*  oai  Ttrntt  t}  AntAitkmp 
CùrrvU,  471.  479  aiLtl  Ihii  ralume,  paM,  p.  jii,  sat. 


HAMTRAMCK  TO  HAR\L\R,  NOVEMBER   2.  1789        511 

Ledru,  curé  Des  Kaskaskias  pour  lous  les  habitans  Français  de 
l'eadroit  et  autres  voisins  de  la  partie  Américaine.  Jn°  Edcax. 

A  Petition  having  been  sent  from  the  part  of  (he  inhabitants  of  Kas- 
kaskias  to  Major  Hamlramdc,  praying  for  the  number  of  twenty  sol- 
diers &  an  officer  to  be  stationed  among  ihera  :  Now  in  onler  to  further 
the  said  Petition  I  do  hereby  promise  to  furnish  barraiks  &  provisions 
for  tbe  said  number  of  troops  —  that  is,  (lour,  beef,  pork,  salt,  &  rum, 
at  the  very  lowest  prices  that  each  of  the  above  articles  sell  for  in  the 
country,  until  the  arrival  of  the  Governor,  or  until  such  time  as  pro- 
visions may  be  sent  them  by  Government;  and  I  do  further  promise 
to  take  bills  of  exchange  on  Congress  or  their  officers  appointed  for 
that  purpose,  in  payment.  Witness  my  hand  at  Kaskaskias  the  j"* 
October,   1789.  Jn"  Eduak. 


[Enclosed  in  Hamiramck's  0}  November  2:] 

Post  ViNCENNEs,  Octobf  14^*;  1789. 
Gentlemen, 

I  have  received  your  Petition,  &  am  very  sorry  to  see  your  country 
in  so  deplorable  a  situation.  I  wish  I  had  it  in  my  power  to  give  you 
an  immediate  relief.  The  unhealthy  situation  of  the  soldiery  is  such 
that  if  I  was  to  send  you  troops  I  would  not  have  enough  to  do  the  ne- 
cessary duty  cf  Che  garrison;  hut  I  shall  not  lose  a  moment  in  sending 
your  Requisition  to  Head  Quarters,  where  your  demand  wilt  be  deter- 
mined. I  suppose  M'  Vigo,  whom  I  expect  In  December,  will  bring 
you  an  answer,  perhaps  with  the  troops  you  want. 

As  for  your  civil  department  the  people  have  my  permission,  &  in- 
deed it  is  my  wish,  that  two  or  three  Magistrates  may  be  elected  by  the 
suffrages  of  tbe  people  in  every  village  to  serve  until  the  Governor 
arrives — I  mean  that  the  authority  of  such  magistrates  shall  extend 
to  the  internal  police  of  your  countrj',  &  prevent  debtors  from  abscond- 
ing from  their  creditors;  but  my  intentions  are  that  for  the  present, 
no  c-tecuticin  shall  lake  place  in  favor  of  a  creditor,  but  as  the  people 
are  daily  moving  on  the  Spanish  side  without  paying  their  debts,  it  is 
my  wish  ihat  against  such  people  attachments  may  be  granted,  pro- 
vided the  plainiifT  gives  bond   &  security,  &  not  olherufise. 

I  hope  these  small  regulations  may  afTonl  you  a  tcmimrary  relief. 
Let  your  Magistrates  be  respectable  men  by  ihcir  moral  character,  as 


5" 


ILLINOIS  lUSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


well  as  in  point  of  property;  let  them  attend  with  vigilance  to  all  dis- 
putes that  may  arise  amongst  ^u,  &  in  a  particular  manner  to  the 
Indian  AHaJn. 

I  am  your  most  obedient  &  very  humble  servant, 

J.  F.  Hamtrauck,  Major  Comd' 
The  RcV»  M'  I^ru  Si  M'  John  Edgar, 


Major  John  Hautkamck  to  General  Josiah  Haruak, 

November  1 1 ,  1 78g. 

[Draper  MSS.,  sWiji-iiô.— Copy.) 

Post  Vlvcenkbs,  Nm*  11, 17B9. 
D"  Gkkcral, 

Last  evening  I  rec"  a  number  of  letters  and  papers  from  Kaakaskias, 
which  I  have  the  honor  to  enclose  —  some  of  them  are  in  French,  which 
I  would  have  translated  had  time  ]wrmittcd  mc;  but  the  men  going  olT 
this  afternoon  to  ihc  Falls,  by  whom  this  will  Im;  conveyed,  obliges,  mc 
to  forward  ihcm  a&  ihcy  stand.  I  shall  write  to  the  Spanish  Com- 
mandant in  consequence  of  it. 

It  is  high  time  ihui  (ïovcmmcnl  should  lake  place  in  this  country 
&  if  it  should  happen  that  the  Govemnr  wsis  not  to  come,  nor  any  of 
the  Judges,  I  would  beg  (for  the  sake  of  the  i>cople)  that  his  Excellency 
would  give  me  certain  powers  lu  create  Magistrates,  a  sheriff  &  other 
officers,  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  courts  of  Justice  —  (or,  at  pres- 
ent, there  are  none,  owing  to  the  daily  expectation  of  the  arrival  of  the 
Governor.  Those  that  had  been  appointed  by  the  people  last  year, 
their  authority  has  been  refused  in  the  courts  of  Kentucky,  ihey  declar- 
ing that  by  the  resohx  of  Congress,  neither  the  people  of  Post  Vinccnnes, 
or  the  Commanding  Officer,  had  a  right  to  appoint  magistrates;  that 
the  power  was  vested  in  the  Governor  only,  &  that  it  was  an  usurped 
authority.  You  see,  Sir,  how  much  lo  the  prejudice  of  the  people 
their  present  situation  is,  &  how  ncccssar)'  it  is  that  some  steps  should 
Ik:  taken  to  relieve  them. 

The  powers  of  the  Magistrates  may  be  circumscribed  as  his  Excel- 
lenc)*  may  think  proper,  but  the  necessity  of  having  such  characters 
will  appear  when  1  assure  you  that  at  present  no  person  here,  can  ad- 
minister an  oalh  which  will  be  considered  legal  in  the  Courts  of  Ken- 
tucky —  9i  for  the  reasons  above  mentioned. 


I 
I 

I 
I 


Su, 


EDGAR  TO   aUlTRAMCK,  OCTOBER    38,    1789  513 

John  Edgar  to  Major  John  Hautrauck  ' 


Dueuigtu"*  arrived  last  night,  by  whom  I  had  the  honor  of  your 
of  ihe  ij'**  instant,  together  with  your  approbation  of  the  inhabitants 
making  a  court  by  election  &c  performin};  the  duties  therein  required. 
But,  alas!  Sir,  our  unhappy  situation  is  such  that  your  good  intentions 
cannot,  I  am  fearful,  meet  wilh  that  siictxss  which  the  justice  of  them 
merits.  Without  some  smalt  force  to  support  civil  authority,  it  is  in 
vain  to  expect  an  olxtiiencc  to  any  Regulations,  however  salutary,  in 
a  place  where  everyone  thinks  himself  master,  &  where  there  is  not  the 
least  degree  of  subordination.  You  know  better  than  I,  the  dispositions 
of  a  people  who  have  ever  been  subject  to  a  military  power,  &  arc  un- 
acquainted with  the  blessings  of  a  free  govcmmeni  by  the  voice  of  their 
equab.  To  the  commands  of  a  Superior  there  are  no  people  readier 
to  obey;  but  without  a  superior  there  are  none  more  difficult  lo  be 
governed.  1  shall,  however,  do  my  endeavor  to  have  your  orders 
obeyed,  but  if  I  shall  not  be  successful  be  assured  that  it  wilt  not  be 
without  the  strongest  efforts  on  my  part. 

Since  my  last  at  the  departure  of  Dttcoigne,  the  several  incidents 
mentioned  in  the  enclosed  depositions  arrived  in  ihts  place,  wherein  an 
attempt  has  been  made  to  .steal  my  property  &  slaves,  &  the  life  of  my 
wife,  as  well  as  that  M"""  Jones  was  in  the  most  imminent  danger.  In 
consequence  whereof  the  enclosed  N"  i  was  wrote  to  the  Commandant 
of  St.  Genevieve,  who  returned  the  answer  N**  2.  After  which  in  con- 
sequence of  information  received  the  Idler,  also  enclosed,  N"  3  was 
wrote  him;  as  was  also  the  letter  N"  4,  in  consequence  of  the  dis- 
covery made  by  the  Indians;  —  lo  both  these  last  letters  we  have  rec** 
no  answers,  &  I  am  apprehensi^x-  that  the  promise  containetl  in  the 
letter  of  the  commanding  officer  will  not  be  complied  with,  as  we  have 
not  yet  heard  of  anything  being  done  therein.* 

Every  day  wc  are  threatened  with  being  murdered,  fi:  having  our 
houses  &  village  burnt;  the  Piaaakcshaws  steal  our  horses,  &  take 
them  to  the  Spanish  side,  where  they  live,  &  where  we  dare  not,  even 
allowing  we  had  sufficient  force,  follow  ihem;  so  that  truly  speaking, 
our  situation  is  desperate  &  even  pitiful.  These  Indians  have  hatred 
enough  to  the  Americans  without  being  pushed  on  by  white  men;  for 

•  Endows  In  H»mttBriitk'»  ol  Nonmbn  it. 

>Cb(d  ol  tkf  lUnlLuliM  Iniiianv 

■The  iMWr*  ami  ilrpotitioiu  berc  njcrrcd  to  in  aol  Ici  itie  Ikafv  USS. 


UXLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

this  reason  I  am  fearful  of  Ducoignc's  life  this  winter,  as  tbe  Piankeshsira 
threalen  hard  because  he  is  a  friend  to  America. 

It  is  well  known  that  the  minds  of  the  Indians  arc  continually  pois- 
oned by  the  traders  on  the  other  side,  who  set  off  America  in  the  most 
despicable  light  possible,  which  has  not  a  small  influence  with  the 
Indians.  Government  may  not  encourage  it,  but  surely  if  friends  to  us 
they  ought  to  put  a  stop  to  it. 

The  spring  it  is  impossible  I  can  stand  my  ground,  surrounded  as 
we  arc  by  Savage  enemies.  I  have  waited  five  years  in  hopes  of  a  Gov- 
ernment ;  I  shall  still  wait  until  March,  as  I  may  be  able  to  withstand 
them  in  the  winter  season,  but  if  no  succour  nor  government  should  then 
arrive,  I  shall  be  compelled  to  abandon  the  country,  Jt  I  shall  go  to  live 
at  St.  Louis.'  Inclination,  interest  &  low  for  the  country  prompt  me 
to  reside  here,  but  when  in  so  doing  it  is  ten  to  one  but  both  my  life  & 
property  will  fall  a  sacrifice,  you  nor  any  impartial  mind  can  blame  me 
for  the  part  I  shall  take. 

If  you  could  consistent  with  your  duty  &  charadcr  wrilc  to  the  com- 
manding officer  at  St.  Louis,  it  will  have  a  ver)-  guod  effect,  &  will  in  a 
great  measure  add  (o  our  safely. 

I  sent  by  Richard  a  hogshead  of  cider  &  a  barrel  of  apples  agreeable 

to  your  request  —  which  I  beg  your  acceptance  of.     I  am  only  sorry 

the  cider  is  not  better,  though  it  is  the  best  I  had  made  this  year. 

I  am,  Sir,  Y'  mosi  abed'  &  very  hmbic  Servant, 

Kaskaskias,  38*  October,  1789.  Jn*  Edcab. 

P.  S. — Duff,  when  he  went  off,  owed  me,  &  still  owes  me,  above 
800  dollars. 

To  Maj.  John  F.  Haralramck,  Vincennes. 


John  Rice  Jones  to  Major  John  ILuitramck.* 
[Draper  MSS..  aWijô-  143.— Copjr.J 

Sir, 

I  received  the  honor  of  yours  of  the  u»**  instant  by  Ducotpit,  who 
arrived  the  37**^  at  night,  &  who  on  his  way  hither  crossed  a  trail  fresh 
made  by  a  large  parly  of  Kirkapoos  for  war,  making  lowanis  the  Ohio. 

Your  answer  to  the  Petition  sent  by  you  to  M'  Ledru  &  W  Edgar, 

'CovtTBor  Si.  OUT  *mt«il  at  Kwluskts,  Mardi  s.  iTSa.— //l.  BtM.  CMtnttmt,  U-,  p.  d. 
'EDCIoaed  in  lUntminck'a  of  Nnmnbcr  11. 


JONES  TO  HAMTRAMCK,  OCTOBER  jq,   1789  515 


was  opened  by  the  latter,  in  the  absence  &  by  the  permission  of  the 
former,  who  unable  to  reside  in  a.  country  of  anarchy,  and  (I  believe) 
the  most  miserable  in  America,  has  accepted  of  the  cure  c^  St.  Louis, 
to  which  place  he  is  gone  Si.  will  take  possession  on  the  1**  of  next 
month.  He  has  often  declared  to  me,  that  he  would  not  remove  from 
this  side,  c^-en  after  St.  Louis  was  offered  to  him;  but  when  he  came 
to  receive  his  thithcs  which  ought  to  furnish  him  with  necessaries  until 
the  ensuing  crop,  he  found  that  he  had  not  wherewith  to  support  him 
two  months,  as  the  most  part  of  the  inhabitants  have  refused  to  pay 
him,  so  that  be  was  in  a  mamier  compelled  to  accept  of  the  offer  made 
him.  He  met  with  no  better  usage  ihan  M'  De  la  Valioiere  &  M' 
Gibauit  before  him  did;  and  I  am  well  persuaded  that  any  other  priest 
will  not  find  a  better  reception  until  the  establishment  of  a  government. 
M'  St.  Fierrt,  the  Priest  of  Kaho,  is  now  Priest  of  St.  Geuevieve;  and 
I  am  informed  that  M''  Gibaull  is  to  have  the  offer  of  the  cure  of  L'Anse 
a  ia  Graisee,  where  there  Is  a  commanding  officer  &  30  soldiers  newly 
arrived  from  New  Orleans.^ 

Col.  Cm.  \f organ  has  met  with  a  \'ery  cavalier  reception  at  Orleans 
where  he  has  been  treated  as  a  projector;  &  the  Governor  told  him 
that  if  he  harl  an  inclination  to  come  as  a  settler,  it  wa^  well,  but  for  any 
other  prospect  he  need  not  expect  it.  The  boasted  settlement  of  New 
Madrid  is  almost  broken  up,  &  the  few  remnant  saved  from  death,  tho' 
after  a  long  summer's  sickness,  are  about  to  evacuate' 

M'  Edgar  has  wrote  enclosing  the  depositions  of  the  sc^■eral  acts  of 
violence  committed  about  midnight  of  the  8'*'  of  (hi.i  instant  by  Dodge, 
Antaya  &  others,  Spanish  subjects,  accompanied  by  Indians  armed, 
who  in  a  country  where  there  was  the  least  shadow  of  justice  would 
meet  with  a  very  exemplar)*  punishment,  but  we  arc  subject  to  every 
insult  &  danger  that  can  be  made  use  of,  &  we  must  suffer  in  silence,* 
as  we  ha%T  no  commanding  officer;  to  lay  forth  our  complaints  before 
the  commanders  on  the  other  side,  &  the  remonstrances  of  private  in- 
dividuals {notwithstanding  the  specious  answer  given)  will  not  meet  with 
that  attention  which  the  circumstances  of  the  case  require  and  demand. 

*  Oa  cbcse  |vic*U  «M  fctl,  dnp.  xv,  «ad  Inirodutltnii, 

*Scc  anit.  p.  J.  o.  t. 

I  Mcmarjncluni  hy  thr.  L.  C.  Unixr:  "  'V\k  cnrrnpixiilcnci!  and  dcposithu  ref(n«d  U  b  ill* 
prcctdinrlilttn.KvtOKhcw.trulonthcniKbt  glOclol>cr  B,  i;e^,on«  JohaUcdi*  ft  Jtficbd  AUftis, 
«tlhn  ]»ily  al  whttn  &  innrd  Indbiu  (l'bnknhaB*)  cxmc  from  ihc  SpUliih  ude  of  ibcMtvbilppt 
inio  KuiuakM  S  sunnpl^  to  carry  all  kcik  ilATCi  ol  Mr.  John  £<L(urX  but  Uled,  &  v«n  Mha- 
wtM  oullAlidiih  In  thrtr  conclucl.  the  Indbiu  thmimiiig  (o  bum  ihc  «llUiCi." 

Tbne  depoMtiinu  an  not  in  I br  Draftr.  USS. 


5i6 


-l^JOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Every  effort  is  made  use  of  by  the  Spanish  Govenuneot  to  depopu- 
late this  side;  one  step  towards  it,  is  taking  their  Priests  from  them, 
well  knowing  that  the  |»copIc  will  not  remain  where  then:  arc  no  pastors. 
You  may  rest  assured  that  these  are  tbetr  intentions,  for  M'  Chouteau, 
OIK  of  the  most  capital  Merchants  on  the  Sgtanish  ^de,  infurmcd  M' 
Kdgar  lost  Spring  in  my  presence,  that  orders  hod  been  received  from 
Orleans  by  the  Lieut.  Gov  of  St.  Louis,  for  him  to  make  every  difliculty 
possible  with  the  people  of  this  side,  so  that  they  might  thereby  be 
forced  to  go  to  live  on  the  other.  Several  proposals  have  been  made  M*^ 
Edgar,  such  as  lands  gratis,  no  taxes,  with  free  permission  to  work  at 
the  Lead  Mines  &  Salt  Springs;  all  these  he  has  refused  —  but  if  by 
March  next  no  Government  or  regulation  arises,  he  will  remove  to  St. 
Louis  where  his  life  and  property  will  be  in  safety,  &  with  him,  take 
my  word,  will  this  village  be  effeaually  ruined  as  a  settlement. 

For  near  three  weeks  we  have  kept  a  constant  guard  both  night  and 
day  for  fear  of  the  menaces  of  the  Indians,  enticed  by  the  white  men, 
being  put  into  execution.  Indeed,  we  know  not  when  there  is  danger, 
as  every  person  almu&l  that  comes  from  Miserîé  and  St.  Louts  bring 
us  account»  5:  letters,  that  wc  are  to  be  massacred  in  the  village,  some- 
times by  the  Delawarcs  &  Shawanese,  with  the  Piankeshaws,  and  at 
other  times  by  the  Sacs  &  Renard»,  who  in  seeking  U*t  Diuoigne,  will 
kill  the  Americans  as  his  friends;  though,  for  my  part,  I  believe  that 
most  of  these  stories  arc  fabricated  on  the  other  side  on  purpose  to 
frighten  us  away,  seeing  no  other  plan  b^  had  the  desired  effect. 

The  English  Lord  that  lately  came  from  Michilimackinaw,  & 
visited  St  Louis  S:  St.  Genevieve,  &  is  since  gone  down  the  Mississippi 
to  Orleans  on  bis  way  home,  is  Lord  Edward  Fitzgerald,  a  younger 
brother  of  the  Duke  of  Leinstcr  in  Ireland,  &  Major  of  the  54'''  Reg' 
of  Foot  now  in  Caniftla.  He  went  up  the  Mississippi  forty  leagues 
above  the  Falls  of  St.  .-Vnthony,  fie  held  conference  with  the  Indians 
above,  as  well  as  with  the  Shawaoese  &  Delawares  here.  What  the 
purport  of  his  journey  was  we  know  not,  nor  can  conjecture;  however, 
one  thing  is  certain,  that  he  never  \nsitcd  the  American  villages  on  the 
Mississippi,  which  is  rather  extraordinary,  if  he  was  only  on  his  travels 
for  curiosity. 

"  Wc  ha^-e  just  received  news  from  St.  Louis  that  a  number  of  petty 
Uigurs  {sic]  from  Michilimackinak  with  English  goods  are  stationed  on 
the  American  shore  opposite  to  ihe  mouth  of  the  Missouri  for  the  pur- 


ECCLESIASTICAL   LETTERS,    1780  to   1793 


FATH»:a  (iiBAULT  Wmtes  to  Ciakk  —  The  Sahk  Denies  That  He  As- 
sisted THK  AUEUCANS  —    EdGAB  M!D  ToUaWIER  COUPLAIN  OP  FATHER 

St.  PizjtRE  —  Father  Gibaclt  Descsibes  Coxditions  —  Fateeii  de 
lA  ValiniÈw:  an-d  the  Inhamtakts  or  Cahokia  —  A  Dïscfiptiox  0» 
the  Cahoiqa  Mission  —  The  Inuahitants  op  Kaskaskia  Couplaen 
OP  THE  Vicar  General  —  The  Priests  I'etition  fob  Appodttments  ik 
Canada  — CoRitjspoNDF.sfK  ok  the  Rishops  Conceskixc  the  West 
—  Bishop  Caeeoix  Writes  to  Father  Gibauit. 


J 


Father  Gibault  to  George  R.  Ci.ak£,  May  10,  1780 

tDr.  MSS..soi37---VL.  so 
Mf  G.  R.  Clark, 
Monsieur, 

Nous  avons  été  frustré  avec  Bien  Du  Chagrin  Du  Pîaisir  De  Vous 
Voir  Dans  notre  Village  ;  La  Joye  etoit  Générale  quand  nous  avons  sçu 
que  Vous  Etiez  si  proche  De  Nous  Et  Les  Bontés  Et  les  Bienfaits  Dont 
vous  avez  usé  envers  nous.  Dans  Votre  Séjours  ici,  scmtilutcnt  nous  en 
promettre  Dautrcs  si  Vous  y  fussier  ReMMiu.  Je  n'Etols  pas  un  De 
Ceux  qui  vous  Dcsirat  avec  moins  D'ardeur.  Vous  Connoisscz  mon 
Coeur,  Et  si  Des  affaires  publiques  De  Mon  ministre  ne  me  Retenoient 
pasindispensabkracnt,  Je  me  seroïs  fait  un  plaisir  Et  un  honneur  D'aller 


J 


[TranslotioH.] 
itR.  G.  R.  Qark, 
Sir, 

Wc  bave  been  greatly  disappointed  in  not  having  the  pleasure  of 
seeing  you  in  our  village.  The  joy  was  general  when  we  knew  that  you 
were  so  near  us.  The  kindness  and  benefits  you  showed  us  during  your 
stay  here  gave  us  the  promise  of  the  same  when  you  should  return.  I 
was  not  one  of  those  who  desired  you  with  the  least  ardor.  You  know 
my  heart  ;  and,  if  the  public  affairs  of  my  ministry  did  not  demand  my 
presence,  ï  should  have  given  my.wlf  the  pleasure  and  honor  of  making 

5>8 


GIBAULT  TO  CLARK,  MAY   lo,  17S0 


519 


Vous  Rendre  Visite  Dans  Votre  Nouvel  Etablissement,  mais  Jesperc  que 
œ  n'est  qu'un  Retardement  Et  qu'une  autre  occasion  me  trouvera  moins 
occupé,  nous  somme  Bien  pau\TC8  Et  Bien  Dcnu&  De  toutes  choses. 
Nous  attendons  avec  impatience  Les  Batteaux  De  la  Ville,  nous 
Craignons  L«s  Sauvages  Et  Les  mauvaises  Gens  qui  tes  Excitent  a 
Nous  tuer;  en  un  mot  nous  sommes  Vcrilablcmcnt  Dans  une  triste 
situation.  malgr<ï  tout  cela  nous  avons  Bon  Courage,  Kt  nous  sommes 
si  Bons  ameriquains  que  nous  sommes  prêts  a  Nous  Dépendre  Jusqu'à 
La  mort  Contre  quiconque  Nous  attaquera. 

Je  Vous  prie  D'accepter  mes  Respects  Et  De  m'employcr  pour 
tout  ce  qui  sera  en  mon  pouvtnr  pour  Votre  service.  Je  me  feny  tou- 
jours un  Vray  plaisir  De  Vous  être  utile  Et  De  me  Dire  avec  toute  la 
consideration  possible 

Monsieur,  Votre  très  humble  Et  très  obéissant  Serviteur 

P.  GiBAULT  pf  « 

aux  Kaskaskias  de  10  may  1780 
[Addressed:]    Monsieur 

Monsieur  George  Rngtrs  Clark,  Colonel  Des  troupes  amcriquaîncs 
De  Virginie  a  la  mini:  De  fer. 
[Endcrsed  by  G.  R.  C.:]    M'  Jeboc  ro  May  17*0 


[Translation.] 
you  a  visit  in  your  new  establishment  ;  but  I  hope  that  it  is  only  a  post- 
ponement and  that  another  opportunity  will  find  me  less  occupied-  We 
are  \*ery  poor  and  destitute  of  all  things.  We  are  Impatiently  expect- 
ing the  Wllage  boats.  We  fear  the  savages  and  the  evilly  disposed  people 
who  are  urging  them  to  kiîl  us.  In  a  word  we  are  truly  in  a  sad  situa- 
tion. In  spite  of  all  this  we  are  of  good  courage  and  arc  so  good  Ameri- 
cans that  we  are  ready  to  defend  ourselvTS  to  the  death  against  any  who 
attack  us.  I  pray  you  to  accept  my  respects  and  to  employ  me  in  any 
way  in  my  power  for  your  ser\*ice.  I  always  have  true  pleasure  in  being 
useful  to  you  and  in  calling  myself  with  all  possible  consideration 
Your  very  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

P.  GiBAULT,  PriCSL 

Kaskaskia,  May  10,  17S0. 
\Addressed:]      M.  George  Rogers  Clark,    Colonel    of    the   American 
Troops  of  Virginia  at  the  Iron  Mines. 
[Endorsed:]    M.  Oibautt,  May  10,  1780. 


ILLINOIS  mSTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS 


FaTHEI  GtBAtILT  to  THE  ArCHBISROP  Of  QUEBSC,  Apffl  I, 

[AnJiiepbcDpttl  Archin:*,  Qutfacr. —  A.  L.  S.] 

UmtsnoNEua, 

Je  n'ay  unr  rlcmic-beure  puur  pruâtcr  de  l'occasioa  de  Mr  Dnctian 
Je  ne  puis  dans  ce  court  inicrval  ouiqucr  à  Voue  Gnodrur  sûion  < 
je  suis  toujours  le  m6fne  [tour  le  salut  <lcs  (icuplcs,  excepté  que  Vagi 
les  fadgucs  ne  nie  ijcnocttront  plus  de  faire  œ  que  fe  dfaiieiuia  com 
autrefois.  Le  R.  pire  Bernard,  caiHidn,  dessert  les  Kakakias  oonjc 
tement  a\TC  St  Louis  où  il  demeure,  ce  qui  me  soulage  du  plus  âoi] 
village  que  j'aye  à  desservir.  Les  Illinois  sont  plus  malbeumut  qu 
n'ont  jamais  éié.  Après  avoir  élé  ruinés  et  i^uisés  par  les  Vu^oîe 
laissés  sans  commandant,  sans  troupes  et  sans  justice,  ils  se  gouvenu 
eux-mêmes  par  fanlaîue  et  caprice,  ou  pour  mieux  dire  par  la  lojr 
plus  fort.  Nous  attendons  cependant  en  peu  de  tems  des  troupes  k 
un  commandant  et  une  justice  réglée.  J*espëre  faire  un  détail  le  ui 
qu'il  me  sera,  possible  ik  Votre  Grandeur  par  Mr  Dubuc  qui  reste  eno 

[TraHsiatùm.] 

MoNSEIGNEtnt, 

I  havx*  only  half  an  hour,  if  I  seize  the  opportunity  of  sending  m  kt 
afforded  me  by  &lr.  Ducharme.*  la  this  short  iiiter\'al  I  can  only  pa 
out  to  your  Lordship  that  I  am  always  the  same  in  working  fcH*  the  a 
vaUon  of  the  {leople,  except  that  age  and  weariness  du  not  permit  i 
81  formerly  to  do  what  1  would  desire.  The  Reverend  Father  Bemai 
Capuchin,  5cr\*cs  the  people  of  Cahokia  as  well  as  those  of  St.  La 
where  be  lives.  This  relie«-es  me  of  the  most  distant  tillages  vhid 
have  to  serve.  The  Illinois  people  are  mure  unfortunate  than  Û 
were.  After  having  hern  ruined  and  worn  out  by  the  Virginians  a 
left  without  a  commandant,  without  troops,  and  without  justice,  tt 
are  governing  themselves  by  wbitn  and  caprice,  or,  to  put  it  beiier, 
the  law  of  the  strongest.  We  are  expecting.  bowc*-er,  in  a  short  tin 
some  troops  with  a  commandant  and  a  regulated  court  of  justice. 
hope  to  send  to  your  Lordship  by  Mr.  Dubuque*  who  will  remain  b 

)priaudb]rlIieodlUriallie.1wr.  MM.  Jlfliirv,  xJv.No],  p.  tii. 
1  Pioiiiblr  our  ur  the  Dudiannn  at  Ckboku.    Connilt  ladw  of  10.  ItiM.  CelbtOprnt, 
*  Vrn  l!ii]cU  kwiwB  of  Vtihrt  Bvnaid  d«  IJanth  (jnibMr  Bcrahudt  vos  UaabMli),  ft 
«I  1  jcce     n««uaiiM«nuidpwWiprinlaf  SlLmJiIii  iTTfrttMiBvfdlbipnjUiuuB  t  ~ 
IliB  («wr  p(  inwd  «bovs  thcM^  Ite  alM  BlModed  to  ihe  «plrtaM]  need*  of  the  pMCito  of  r  ' 
nfl  of  tht  Unu  and  he  alsaoccuioullrrtalltd  kukAilk,  ■ilhc  pEritbrNoribalMW. 

*rro)Mblr  AiifUHU  Dubuque.    Ctna^t  biia  il  lU.tiùi.C^ltitimi.  a. 


J 


EDGAR   AND  TOIRMICR   VS.  ST.  PIERRE,  JULY,  1785    521 

quelque  ttms,  de  tout  cc  qui  sVst  passd  dcpuJa  quatre  ou  cinq  ans. 
J'es])tre  auisi  <ic  votre  charité  paternel  que  vous  ne  me  laisserez  pas 
non  plus  sans  coiiâulatton.  j'en  plus  besoin  que  jamais  quuy  que  j'aj-c 
pris  pour  principe  de  faire  lout  cc  que  je  fais  comme  je  le  fairaîs  en 
présente  de  mon  Eiéque,  et  que  par  conséquent  vous  êtes  toujours 
présent  à  mes  yeux  et  à  mon  esprit,  il  me  serait  bien  doux  de  recevoir 
vos  inistructions.  En  attendant  ce  bonheur  je  suis  avec  tout  le  respect, 
la  soumission  et  Tobéi&iiance  la  plus  parfaite 

Votre   très  liumWe  serviteur, 

P.   GIBAUI.T,  PRÊTHE. 

A  Ste  Genevieve 

Le  ler  avril  1783. 

ITranslaiioH.] 
some  time,  a  detailed  account,  as  far  as  1  can,  uf  all  that  has  occurred 
within  the  last  four  or  live  years.'  I  trust,  likewise,  that,  through  your 
paternal  charity,  you  will  not  leave  me  longer  without  consolation.  I 
haw  more  need  of  Jt  than  ever,  even  though  I  have  made  it  a  principle 
to  do  all  my  duties  as  if  they  were  done  in  the  presence  of  my  Bishop; 
and  since,  consequently,  you  are  always  present  to  my  cj-es  and  to  my 
spirit,  it  would  Iw  very  agreeable  for  me  to  receive  your  instructions. 
While  waiting  for  that  good  fortune  I  am,  with  all  the  respect,  the  sub- 
mission, and  the  most  perfect  oliedicncc, 

Your  very  humble  servant, 

P.  GiBAULT,  Priest. 
At  Ste.  Genevieve, 
April  I,  1783. 


John  Edoar  and  Louis  Toitrnter  versus  Father  St.  I*tERRE, 

July,  i7fls. 
[Hulchins  Pp.,  lii.,  17.  Pa.  Hisl.  Society.  —  Attested  copy.T 
A  Mon.<iicur  Nicolas  LaChansc    Capitaine   de  Milice   et   Magi- 
strat-    &^*  &^  8t* 

[Translation.  —  Attested.] 
To  M'  Nicolas  La  Chansc  Captain   of   the   Militia,    Magistrate 

&*•    g^w    g^ca 

<  Tfab  lcll«t  WW  wriltni.  hut  >u<i  nut  bMn  pti>«(*vn|      Sr«  InifMliictlcin, 
'ThM  docummt  hoi  ben  i«ric«  «foluJIy  raer^Mnd  olLb  the  vtiinil  copr. 


ï» 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


MONSIEUB, 

Les  Soussignés  ont  L'honneur  de  Vous  Exposer  quils  \nenneni 
d'eslre  déffaméde  Leur  rcpumion  Par  Monsieur  S*  Pierre  Curé  du 
Village  des  KasKasKias  quil  Vous  plaiac,  Monsieur  de  le  faire  parmtn 
pardcvant  Vous  afin  deprouver  ce  qu'il  a  avancé  Pardevaiit  M'  Williams 
de  Lalaque  de  Leurs  Réputation  de  Larcin  et  faute  par  lui  d  éprouve 
Son  avancé  quil  Soit  Condamné  a  tous  Les  Rigeur  de  toutes 
forces  des   Loîx  et    quil  Soit    aussi    arrêté  aux  dépens  de  qui 
ap])artiendra. 

Led*  S'  Williams  qui  Est  Sxir  Son  départ  dit  que  Led*  Steur  S' 
Pierre  curé  Soit  present  devant  Mon  dit  Sieur  Williams  pour  y  voir 
prêté  Serment,  I:^t  faute  par  Lui  d'obéir  à  vos  ordres  qu'il   SoU 
commandé  un  Nombre  d'homme  Pour  Le  fûre  pan-enir  et  vous 
ferfe  Droit. 

ce  37  Juillet  aux  KasKasKJas  1785. — 

Signé  Sur  La  Minutte. 
Jn*  EDr.AR  Et 
Louis  tousnieb 

[Translation.  —  AUeshd.] 
Sis, 

The  underwritten  havx*  the  honour  to  represent  to  you,  that  their 
reputation  has  been  slandered  by  M*"  S'  Pierre  Minister  of  the  Vill^e 
of  Kaskaskios.'' 

That  you  will  be  pleased  to  make  him  appear  before  you  to  pr 
what  he  has  advanced  in  presence  of  M'   Williams  accusing  them 
Theft.    And  in  case  that  He  should  not  support  his  accusation,  that  he 
be  condemned  to  alt  the  rigours  and  force  of  the  Law,  and  that  He  maj^ 
be  arrested  a(  the  cxpcncc  of  those  to  whom  it  may  belong.  ^| 

The  said  Siciir  Williams  who  is  on  his  departure  requests  that  the 
said  M*  S*  Pierre  Minister,  he  present  to  i>e  wntness  to  the  said  Sici 
Williams  making  his  oath  and  in  case  of  disobedience  to  your  or 
that  a  number  of  men  be  commanded  to  make  him  come  and  do  whi 
is  righL 

Kaskaskias  27»^  July,  :785. 

Signed  in  the  minutes 
John  Edgar 

& 
Louis  TouunzB 

I  On  Fklher  St.  Pknc  Me  Indec 


>rOV«H 

m  of^ 


EUOAR  AN'D    lOURNIER  VS.  ST.  PIERRE,  JULY,  1785    S*3 

Vu  La  Requête  des  autre  Part  des  Sieurs  Edgar  Et  toumicr  Contre 
Monsieur  Saint  Pierre  Les  Paroitrons  Pardevant  moy  tout  incontinent 
ain&i  que  Le  Sieur  Williams  Cotitruns  Leurs  Raisuns  pour  y  înÀPC  Droit. 
KaaK.aaK.ias  ce  a-j^*  Julliet  4785 

Signé  Sur  la  Minutie. 
Lachansë,  Mf^'âtrat. 

Pour  Copie  conforme  à  la  Minutte  et  CoUationnb  h.  L'original  Le 
Jour  et  an, 

P""  LxNGLois  Greffier  de  Conttf 

A  Monsieur  Nicolas  Caillot  Lachaiisc  Magistrat  &**&^&** 
MONSIEUK, 

Les  Sousagnes  Vous  Représente  quils  viennent  devoir  au  Greffe 
des  Ecrits  que  mon  dit  Sieur  De  Saint  Pierre,  Curé  tendant;  et  disant 

{Translatait.  —  AUesUd.] 
Having  considered  the  aforegoing  rcf|ucsl,  from  Mess"  Edgar  & 
Toumter  against  M'    Saint  Pierre,     Tht*y  must  immediately  appear 
Iwfore  me  as  also  the  Sieur  Williams,  &  stale  their  reasons  to  have  jus- 
tice executed. 

Signed  in  the  nainutes 

Kaskaskias  27'^  July  1785 

Lanchanse'.  Magistrate 

Copy,  conformable  to  the  minutes  &  compared  with  the  original 
the  day  &  year  aforesaid. 

Pierre  Lanolois 
Clerk  of  the  County. 

To  Mr  Nicolas  Caillot  La  Chausc  Magistrate  &^&'^&?* 
Sis, 

The  underwritten  represent  to  you  that  they  have  seen  a  writing  at 
the  Clerks,  of  the  said  Sicur  S*  Pierre  Minister,  importing  and  saying 
that  the  Company  of  Mess^*  Edgar  &  Toumier,  has  stolen,  &:  saying 
that  you  were  incompetent  to  make  liim  appear  before  you. 

*Tbit  b  ihc  only  ilcKumnil  which  indlcaln  ikii  Nicnlu  LachtiiM  wu  tctlng  m  nugiMnte  b«- 
twecDtlMrMra  '  "  .       .     -     . 

ha  «la  oBdul.  _ 
uid,  «Idm  Ladunae  1 
wu  <r«  Md  br  Ac  rit 
tUi  psiod,  arc  mik,  pp.  JU.J»  jSj. 


5*4 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


I  I 


que  La.  Cornjiagnie  de  Moaaîeur  Edgar,  et  Tournier,  fait  Voler,  et 
disant  que  vtMs  n'iïte  point  competonl  a  le  faire  Comparollrc. 

C'est  pourquoy,  Moiuîeur,  qu'il  Vous  PVsix  de  ordonner  à  Monteur 
de  S*  Pierre  Cun!  aye  à  donner  Caution  qu'il  Paroitra  — LorsquU 
Sera  Appelle,  et  faute  par  mon  dit  Sîcur  de  donner  Caution,  qu'il  Lui 
Soit  CH'donné  de  ne  point  Sortir  de  cette  Paroisse,  et  district,  a&n  de 
pouvoir  parvenir  a  ses  raisons  et  que  S'il  Vient  k  Sortir  qu'il  Soît  arrêté 
et  vous  y  fcn*  Droit 

Aux  KasKasKiasLezT*'  Juillet  17S5. 

Signé  Sur  La  Minute 

Louis  TousNiCft  et 
JH«  Edcak 

Vu  La  Requête  des  autre  Part  étant  obligé  Etant  Magistrat  de 
Rendre  Justice  au  demandeur  tel  qu'il  Suit,  il  Est  ordonné  a  Monsieur 
De  S*  Herre  Curé  de  Se  conformer  aux  demande  Ce  Jourd'huy  aux 
KasKasKias  Le  27  Juillet  1785. 

Signé  Sur  La  Minutie 

Lacbansr  Mapstrat. 

jTrûnslalion,  —  A  ItesUd.] 
Therefore,  You  will  he  pleased  Sir  to  order  that  M*"  S*  Pferre 
Minister  gives  security  that  he  will  appear  when  he  shall  be  called.  Si 

in  case  th&t  the  said  Sieur  doca  not  give  security,  that  he  be  ordered  nut 
to  kavc  this  parish  &  district,'  that  he  may  be  brought  to  reason.  And 
that  should  he  attempt  to  leave  it.  He  may  l>c  arrested  &  be  obliged  to 
du  what  is  right. 

Kaakaskias  27'^  July,  1785 

Signed  in  the  Minutes 

Louis  'l'oiJRNtER  & 
John  Kduak. 

Having  considered  the  foregoing  request  S:  being  oblliged]  as 
Magistrate  to  render  Justice  to  whoever  demands  |it|.  The  said  M'. 
de  S'  Pierre  Minister  is  ordered  to  confor|m]  himself  to  the  demands. 

Kaskaskias,  37'^  July  1785. 

Signed  in  the  minuU's, 

La  Ciiansf.  Ma^strate. 

■  Fatbcr  Si.  flan  miut  han  trntatcrted  bit  mlJence  K>  CaIhiUji  torn  kfMr  <M*  due.  'Dit 
MitlcM  nwDiicm  ol  bu  pnaata  Ihere,  that  1  Ian  iuHrI,  ii  April,  17B6.    See  put,  p.  fût. 


KDQAR  AND  TOURNIER  VS.  ST.  PIERRE,  JULY,  1785    535 

Je  oerdffie  La  Présente  Copie  est  conforme  h.  La  Minute,  et  colla- 
tioiiné  à  L'original  et  délivré  à  Meïi  dits  Sieurs  Edgar  et  hoiùn  Tournicr 
pour  tire  Signifia  aux  KasKasKias  Le  27*'  Juillet  1785. 

P'"  Lanclois 
Notaire  et  Greffier  de  conté. 

Monaîer  S'  Pierre  Voudra  bien  Paroître  aujourd'huy  Pardevant 
nous  Par  la  Plainte  Portfce  de  Messieurs  Edgar  Et  toumier,  pour  y 
donner  Sa  declaration  aux  demande*  par  la  Requête  des  d"  Sieurs  a 
Lui  Signifié  Par  Louis  Ticlskrcr  En  Place  du  S'  Toulouze  huissier. 
Ausy  en  Egard,  pour  Satisfaire  selon  La  Lettre  quil  ma  Ecrit  et  pour 
£tre  present  avoir  prêté  Sermen  au  dit  Sîeuc  Williams  qui  Est  Sur  Son 
depart  J'éspere  qu'il  Voudra  le  faire  Pour  L'affaire  £tre  cenvoyé  a  une 
Justice  Compétente, 

KasKosKias  Le  37  Juillet  1785. 

Signé  Sur  la  Mlnutte, 

Lacuanse  Magistrat 


[Translalwn.  —  Attested.] 
I  certify  that  the  present  Copy  is  conformable  to  the  minutes  & 
compared  with  the  Original,  &  delivered  to  the  said  Mes^  Edgar  & 
Toumicr  to  be  signified. 

Kaskaskias  27*''  July,  1785. 

Pierre  L'Anglois 
Notary  &  Clerk  of  the  County. 


M*"  S*  Pierre  will  Im;  pleased  to  ap{)ear  Ijcfore  mc  this  day  on  account 
of  the  complaint  brought  against  him  by  Mcssf*  Edgar  &  Tournicr, 
to  ^ve  his  declaration  to  the  demands  contained  in  the  request  of  the 
said  Messieurs  signified  to  him  by  Louts  Ticlskrcr  in  the  place  of  Sicur 
TouIou2C  Bailiff,  As  also  to  justify  mr  on  account  of  the  Letter  which 
he  wrote  me,  &  to  be  present  when  the  said  Sicur  Williams  makes  his 
oath  who  is  about  to  depart  from  this.  1  hope  that  He  will  do  this  that 
the  affair  may  be  referred  to  a  competent  Justice. 

Kaskaskias  27'''  July  1785. 

Signed  in  the  Minutes, 

Lacbanse  Magistrate. 


5t6 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Réponse  Ecrit  su  dos  de  L'ordre. 

Par  Les  présentes  Jay  L'honneur  de  vous  declarer  que  vous  nete 
pu  qualifié  pour  Juger  Les  personnes  Edesiastiques,  et  kvcc  Le^f 
mime  Je  fais  mils  protestations  contre  vos  ordres  —  très  mal  Employée^^ 
Jay  vu  déjà  déclaré  même  Je  prouveray  aux  foroes  competant  a  ma 
Personne  l>s  questions  contre  moy  au  reste  Je  vous  Certifie  Encore 
une  fois  d'avoir  dit  que  La  Cumpagnie  d  Edgar  Et  toumier  fait  Voler 
Et  faite  faire  Serment  a  M^*  William:*  Et  Laissé  I^  Partir. 

Signé  Suivant  La  miauttc  ^M 

De  Saint  PiniM  Ctfii 


Coq^ 


Je  Certifie  que  les  pieces  cy  dessus  et  de  l'autre  part  Sont 
forme  aux  Minute  et  collationné  k  L'original 
aux  KasKasKtas  Le  a;  Juillet  i7Ss. 

Signé  P">  Langi^is 
Notaire  Et  <ïrcf&cr  de  Conttf 

MoNSrEDK  ■ 

Je  ne  Voudrais  pas,  quon  retarde  sans  raison  Sieur  Williams  :  Par 
consequent  je  Vous  prie  de  prendre  Son  Serment  et  en  m£mc  tems  jç 

[Transhiim.  —  Alksted.] 

Answer  written  on  the  Back  of  the  Order, 
Sir, 

I  have  the  honour  to  declare  to  you  by  the  present,  that  you 
Incompetent  to  judge  Ecclesiastical  persons,  &  at  the  same  time 
protest  a  thousand  times  against  your  Orders,  employed  very  badly. 
I  have  already  seen  declared,  &  I  will  also  prove  before  competent 
authority  the  question  against  me.  As  to  the  rest  I  certify  once  more 
to  have  said  that  the  Company  of  Edgar  &  Toumier  have  stolen.  Let 
M''  Williams  make  his  oath  &  depart. 

Signed  according  to  the  Minutes 

De  St  Pierre  Minister 

I  certify  that  the  above  peices  [sù:\  are  conformable  to  the  minut 
Sr  compipcd  with  the  Original 

Kaskaskias  27"*  July  1785. 
Signed 

PCERRE  L'ANOLOIS 

Notary  &  Clerk  of  the  Coun^ 


EDGAR  ANI>  TOURNIJiR  VS.  ST.  PIERRE,  JULY.  1785   527 

Certifie  avec  Les  preseas  d'avoir  dit,  que  Messieurs  Edgard  Et  toumier, 
ou  Plulut  Cette  Compagnie  fait  Voler,  que  je  pouveraî  Sitôt  qu'on 
m'attaquera,  dans  La  force  compelantc  à  ma  Personne. 

Monsieur,  J'ai  L'bonneur  d'etre,  Votre  très  affectionné 

De  Saint  pierke  Curé. 
KasKasKîas  le  27  Juillet  17S5 

Je  Cerlilie  La  Copie  Juste  et  conforme  à  L'original  en  Presence  de 
tcmoints  qui  ont  signcï;  avec  moy  et  que  j'ai  Copié  Suivant  l'original 
Ce  27  Juillet  1785. 

Louis  tournier 
Témoins  Preseota  temoint 

Carbonneaux 
temoint 
Pie"  Lang  lois 

Notaire  Et  Greffier  de  Conté 
Je  Certifie  La  Présente  conforme  à  L'original  déposé  au  Greffe 

Juillet  1785 

Lachanse  Magistrat. 

[TransiaiÙM.  —  Atteikd.] 

StK, 

I  would  not  wish  that  M'  Williams  should  be  Detained  without 
reason  ;  I  Therefore  lequest  that  you  will  take  his  oath  &  at  the  same  time 
I  certify  by  these  presents  to  have  said  that  Mess^*  Edgar  &  Toumier 
or  rather  thai  company  does  steal,  which  I  will  prove  as  soon  as  authority 
Competent  to  judge  persons  of  my  station,  requires. 
Sir,  I  have  the  honour  to  be  Your  most  affectionate 

De  Saint  Pierre.  Minister 
Kaskaskias  z?**"  July,  1785. 

I  certify  the  copy  to  be  just&  conformable  I0  the  Original  in  pres- 
ence of  Witnesses  who  have  signed  with  me  &  which  I  have  Copied 
according  to  the  Original. 
Thisa?*!»  July,  1785. 

Lot:is  ToDBNiER  Witness. 
Witnesses  present 

Cakbokneaux      Witness. 
Pie"  Lan  li LOIS 
Notary    &  Clerk  of  the  County. 
I  certify  the  present  to  be  comformabic  to  the  Original  deposited 

In  the  Clerks  Office. 

July,  Ï785.  Lachanse  Magistrate. 


Lan  Mil  Sept  Cent  quaircvingt  Cinq  Le  \^ngt  huitième  Jour  de 
Juillet  aux  Environ  de  Neuf  heure  du  matin  metant  transporté  a  la 
Maison  Presbitèrial  de  cette  ville  ou  J'aurais  Signifié  a  McSir  S* 
Pierre  Curé,  une  requête  et  ordonnance  de  Monsieur  Lachanse  Magis- 
trat, ou  en  Parlant  à  Sa  Personne  Lui  présentant  la  d'"  ordonnance 
presence  de  Messieurs  Louis  Vtllarct  Masson  et  J"  Bap"  Bauvais 
arrivant  un  moment  après,  ce  que  MeSir  S*  Pierre  Curé  a  Protesté 
qu'il  Faloit  un  huissier  Eclésiasttque  pour  lui  Signifier  des  ordonnances, 
qu'il  n'avait  point  d  ordonnance  a  recevoir  que  des  Supérieurs  £cleu- 
astique. 

KasKasKias  le  même  Joui  cy  deasua 

Signé  Sur  la  Minute. 

Barutel  huissier 

Je  Certiffic  que  La  présente  Copie  Est  conforme  &  La  Minulte 
collationné  h  L'orignal. 

Aux  KasKosKias  Le  38  Juillet  1785. 

Par.  Lanolois 
Notaire  Et  GrcfiScr 

[Transiatton.  —  Allested.) 
In  the  Year  One  thousand  sc%tn  Ilundrcd  &  Eighty-fi^-c  on  the 
twenty  eighth  day  of  July  about  Nine  o'clock  in  the  morning  having 
gon«  to  Ministers  House  of  this  town,  where  I  signified  to  M""  S' 
Pierre  Minister,  a  request  &  ordonnance  of  M'  Lachanse  Magistrate 
&  speaking  to  bim  I  presented  to  him  the  said  ordonnance  in  the  pres- 
ence o£  Mess"  Louis  Villarct  Masson  &  J"  Bap^  Bauvais  who  arri\'ed 
a  moment  after.  That  M'  S*  Pierre  Minister,  protested  that  it  was 
necessary  that  an  Ecclesiastical  Bailiff  should  signify  ordinances  to 
him,  as  he  had  no  ordinances  to  receive  but  from  superior  Euclesiasticles. 
Kaskaskias,  The  same  day  above  meutioncd 

Signed   in   the    Minutes 

Babutel  Bailiff. 

T  certify  that  the  present  copy  is  conformable  to  (be  Minutes  & 
compared  with  the  original. 
Kaskaskias  28'*»  Ju!y,  1785. 

P"  Lasrlois 

Notary  &  Clerk. 


EDGAR  AND  TOURXIER  VS.  ST.  PIERRE,  JULY,  1785 


A  ^lonsicur  Nicolas  Caillot  Lâchante  Magistrat  des  KasKasKios 
&*•  &"  &" 

Monsieur, 

Lea  souMÎgnécs  ont  L'honneur  de  Vou.s  Exposer  qu'ils  auroïcnt 
fcut  Signifia  La  Copie  de  nôtre  requeste  et  Votre  ordonnance  au  bas  a  Mc- 
Sir  S"^  Pierre  Curé  de  Ce  Village  pour  Se  Conformer  à  votre  ordonnance 
et  Suivant  Le  Rapcwt  de  Monsieur  Biaise  Barutelle  huis.sier,  par  Son 
procès  Verbal  que  nous  Vous  Exibons,  affin  qu'il  Soit  paraffé  par 
Vous,  et  en  même  tems  de  vouloir  nous  accorder  un  ordre  de  Le  faire 
aretter  comme  N'ayant  pas  dcVcquc,  et  que  nous  attaquant  tem|>oreI- 
lement  II  Serait  donc  au  Pouvoir  Eclesîastiquu  de  diffamer  Le  Caractère 
des  Particuliers,  Etant  Libre  et  \nvant  dans  un  Pays  de  Liberté,  Cbaque 
Personne  qui  Est  accusiS  d'un  Crime  Capital  a  droit  de  demander  La 
cause,  et  la  Nature,  de  Son  accusation  pour  Cire  Confronté  avec  Les 
accusateurs,  et  Les  témoins,  et  d'être  Jugé  Promptcmcnt  par  un  Juré 
impartial,  Et  faute  de  nous  L'accorder,  nous  vous  déclarons  que  nous 
L'arrêterons  Comme  ayant  Nuus  Soumettant  aux  Loix,  n'en  pouvant 
y  Pan-enir  Cest  pourquoy  comme  il  Paroit  se  retirer  Sur  une  Partie 


[Translation.  —  AUesUd.] 
To   M'  Nicholas  Caillot  Lachanse,   Magistrate  of   Ka^a&kias, 

Sut, 

The  undersigned  have  the  honour  to  represent  to  you  that  they  have 
signified  the  Ci>py  of  our  request  &  your  ordinance  lieneath  it  to  M' 
S*  Pierre  Minister  of  this  village,  that  he  might  conform  himself  to 
your  ordinance,  &  atxording  tu  the  report  of  M^  Blaise  Barutelle 
Bailiff  by  his  verbal  process  which  we  exhibit  before  you  that  it  may  be 
seen  by  you,  &  in  the  meanlime  that  you  will  grant  an  Order  to  arrest 
him,  As  having  no  [Bishop]  &  by  attacking  us  temporally  it  would  then 
be  in  the  power  of  Ecclesiastics  to  defame  the  characters  of  individuals. 
Being  free  &  living  in  a  Land  of  Liberty,  Ever>'  person  who  is  accused 
of  a  capital  crime  has  a  right  to  drmanil  the  causi:  and  the  nature  of 
his  accusation,  to  \x  confronted  wiih  the  Acaiscrs  &  wimcsses,  &  to 
be  speedily  judged  by  an  impartial  Jurj*.  And  in  case  you  do  not  grant 
this  we  declare  to  you  that  we  will  arrest  him,  as  altho'  we  have  sub- 
mitted to  the  Laws  we  cannot  obtain  their  execution,  And  because  it 
appears  that  he  is  about  to  withdraw  to  foreign  parts.     And  we  hope 


5â» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Etrangère  et  Eq)eroDS  crpendant  que  Vous  nous  L'accorderaJs  a£a\ 
de  paroitrc  pardcvani  Vous  et  vous  y  ferf  Droit. 
Aux  KiUiKa&Kiiu  Le  aS  Juillet  17S5 

Sign^  Sur  La  Minute 
JoQ.  Edgar 
Louis  Tuurnœr 

Vu  Les  demandes  de  Messieurs  Edgar  Et  Touniier  n'ayant  aucuns 
pouvoir  Etant  seul  Magistrat  —  ayant  satisfait  a  Leurs  demande  ils 
ont  preuve  en  main  de  Monsieur  de  S'  Pierre  mcme.  il  n'est  pas  à 
mon  pouvoir,  déplus  Je  Les  Renvoyé  à  la  Nouvelle  Augleter  a  S'adresser 
&  L'onnorablc  Congre  ainsy  qu'a  Monseigneur  LKvtrque  pour  y  pro-^l 
duire  Leurs  Plaintes  pour  y  faire  droit  a  qui  —  il  appartiendra,  n'etant^^ 
pas  de  Ma  Plus  de  ma  Competence  de  pouvoir  passer  Outre,  saus  des 
ordres  Ejcpres  de  Lonnorabte  Congre  Espérant  a  Ce  Sujet  qu'il  Vou 
y  Satisfaire. 

Aux  KiLsKasKias  Le  28  Juillet  1785. 

Signé  Sur  La  Minute 

Lacuanse  Magistrat 

[Transhlion.  —  AUesUd.] 
however,  that  you  will  grant  this,  so  as  to  appear  before  you  that 
may  execute  what  is  just. 

Kaskaskias  28"»  July,  1785. 

Signed  in  the  minutes 
John  Eikjar 
Louis  Toïjkkies. 

Having  considered  the  demands  of  Messieurs  Edgar  &  Tumier, 
Having  no  power  beiug  the  only  Magistrate  having  satisfied  their 
demands  they  have  proof  in  hand  £rom  M''  dc  S'  Pierre  himself,  it 
is  not  in  my  [x>wer  to  do  more,  I  refer  them  to  New  England  to  address 
themselves  to  the  Honourable  Congress  as  also  to  the  Bishop,  to  produce 
their  complaints,  that  justice  may  lake  place  where  it  is  due,  it  not 
belonging  to  me  nor  am  I  competent  to  go  further  without  the  express 
orders  of  the  Honourable  Congress  —  Hoping  that  they  will  grant  satis- 
faction on  the  suhjecl. 


Kaskaskias  zS**"  July,  17S5. 


Signed  in  the  Minutes 

Lacuakse,  MagistrafeT 


EDGAR  AND  TOURNIER  VS.  ST.  PIERRE,  JULY,  1785     531 


* 


Je  Certifie  que  La  present  Coiûe  Conforme  a  La  Minute  Et  CoUa- 
lionn<5c  à  L'original 

Aux  KasKasKias  Le  28  Juillet  1785. 

Pre  Langlois 
Noiairc  F.t  Greffier  de  Conté. 
Monseigneur  I 

Nuus  douions,  Que  vous  nous  avés  envoyé  un  prctrc,  pour  ce  qui 
régarde  et  concerne  le  spirituel  il  se  mcle  plu3  du  temporel  et  Sert 
d'Avocat  dans  ce  pays,  il  cherche  &  nous  frustrer  de  n[otre]  Comcrcc 
etotcr  tout  le  crédit  Suivant  les  pièces  Si>écificatifs  que  nous  prenons  la 
liberté  vous  iiccorapagner  nous  demandons,  Que  la  Justice  espérant, 
Que  Son  Excellence  voudra  examiner  les  pièces  strictement,  hc  curé 
qui  à  changé  de  nom,  Qui-est  un  Allemand,  que  l'on  nome,  S'  Pierre 
icy,  mais  en  vrai  Allemand  Heîligenstein  disant  envoyé  de  Son  Excel- 
lence pour  grand  Vicaire  dans  fa  Contrée  des  Illinois;  je  ne  crois  pas 
Monscigncurl  Qu'  après  les  lettres,  Que  j'ai  vu,  qu'un  pasteur  doit 
Se  mêler  du  temporel,  ce  n'est  pas  Son  exercice,  nous  Ksperons  Mon- 
seigneur!   Que  vous  voudrés  bien  accorder  le  droit.  Qu'il  nous  est  dÛ 

[Traftslaiion.  —  AtlesUd.] 

I  certify  the  present  Copy  tu  be  conformable  to  the  Minutes  &  com- 
pare<l  with  the  Original. 

Kaskaskias  aS'""  July,  1785. 

V^"  Langluis 

Notary  &  Clerk  of  the  County. 
My  Lord,  * 

We  are  doubtful,  whether  j-ou  have  sent  us  a  priest,  to  look  after  our 
spiritual  concerns  as  he  is  more  intent  upon  temporal  affairs,  &  [acts] 
asaLawyerin  thiscountry.  He  endeavours  to  frustrate  us  in  our  com- 
merce &  to  take  away  our  credit,  according  to  the  specified  peices 
which  we  take  the  liberty  of  sending  to  you  herewith.  Wc  only  ask 
for  justice.  Hoping  that  His  Excellency  will  stricdy  examine  the  |>cicc$. 
The  Minister  who  is  a  German  has  changed  his  name.  He  [5  called 
here  S*  Pierre,  but  in  true  German  Heiiigcnslein.  He  says  that  he  is 
flcnt  by  His  Excellency  in  the  capacity  of  Grand  Vicar  in  the  Illinois 
country.  I  do  not  think  My  Lord  after  the  Letters  that  I  have  seen 
that  a  pastor  ought  to  intermeddle  with  temporal  matters.    We  hope 


y 


53a 


nXINOIS  FnSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


noua  implorerons  de  Juur  en  Jour  U  Divine  prmîdence  pour  la  Conser 
viilion  de  votre  Sanl<!  Si  Jours. 

Nous  Avons  L'Iioncur  d'Être  a^TC  tout  k  Respect  &  Soumisijtti 
posàbles. 

MonieâgiMurl    Vos  très  humbles  9l  très  Soumis  Serviteurs 
giKMKÎM  ce  31.  8>*<  2785. 

Jn"  Edgar 
Louis  toobïœb 

[Translaiion.  —  AtUsUd.] 
My  Lord  that  you  will  be  disposed  to  do  that  justice  which  is  dur  to 
us. 

We  daily  imii^oire  the  Divine  providence  for  the  prescrvaUoa  of  your 
Health  &  Life. 

We  have  the  Honour  of  being  with  all  possible  respect  &  submi^on 
My  Lord,  Ynurmost  humble  and  most  obedient  servants, 
Kaskask.ias2i"»  October,  1785. 

John  Edcar 
Louis  Tourkikr. 
Faithfully  translated  from  the  Original  by  John  Pintard. 


Fatrer  |)E  St.  Pierre  to  Father  Payet  op  Detroit, 
February  18,  1786. 
[Arrhiepbcopol  Archives,  Quebec  —  A,  L.  S.] 
PLURIMtJM    RE\'ER£Nm:  AC    EXUIIE  IX)UtNE  CoNl'RATER, 

Anno  elapso  jam  scripsi  Reverentiae  Vestrae,  rogans  ut  meo  homine 
de  R.  D.  SupL-riore  St'miuarii  QuebcLcn:ùs  tam  documenta  Mi^onis 
Saiictac  Farailiae,  quara  ea  quae  litem  propter  dumum  vcnditam  concci- 
nunt,  petere,  ac  mihi  hue  transimtlere  dignetur. 

Nunc  per  praesentes  reitcro  prcces  mcas  co  instantius,  quo  fortius 

[TroHsialion .] 
Very  Reverend  and  Distlvcuished  Brother: 

Last  year  I  wrote  10  your  reverence  to  request  you  kindly  to  ask 
o(  the  Reverend  Superior  of  the  Seminary  of  Quebec  both  for  the  docu- 
ments of  the  Mission  of  the  Holy  Family  and  for  those  which  concern 
the  litigation  on  account  of  the  sale  of  the  house. 

Again  by  these  presents  I  repeat  my  prayers,  the  more  ui^p 


ST.  PIERRE  TO  PAYET,  FEimU.\RY  :8.  1786 

emptor  domus  et  CcrrAC  adjacentis  urgct  ut  cunrta  vcndantur.  R.  D. 
Gibautt  faculUtcm  cuoctam,  quam  hoc  in  ptincio  olim  reccpi't,  in  me 
translulit;  hinc  feci  oppositioQ^ni  usque  dum  rrcepcro  de^ponsum  de 
R.  D.  Supcriore  Quebctensis  Seminarii.  Ncacio  illius  nomcn,  alias 
praesentes  ip&imet  traDsmisisaeni. 

Nil  novi  his  in  partibus,  quam  quod  Praefectus  AposloUcus  tre- 
decim  provindarucn  mihi  adnmitiaverit  jubilaeum  a  Summo  Pontilice 
dictis  provindis  nuperrime  indultutn.  De  coetero  paCriam  islam  invenio 
adeo  duram,  ul  vix  htc  permanere  valcam.  Nescio  quo  fatu  liuc  perve- 
ncrim.  Fui  bene  in  GaJlia;  jussus  a  regc  christian îssî mo  mc  iranstuli 
in  tredfidm  Pnivindas  ubi  ruiigcl)ar  muncro  Ca[KlIani  cam])cstris 
cxerdtus  gallid.  Finilo  bellu  Legatus  Galliac  rcsidcns  Pbiladelphiaf 
tantum  InstiLtt  ut  me  hue  tratisforrcm,  ul  non  possem  rvnuere  id  quud 
jx:tiit.  At  vcnj  cum  [nvcnio  rejjionem  lutam  quantam  rautalam,  pessi- 
misque  hciminibus  uudequaquc  re|)lctam,  qui  ncc  Deum,  ncc  legem 
timent,  umiifno  mentis  sum  iliam  data  uccasiune  prima  dcreiinquerc. 
Me  transferrcm  quam  lulH-ntissimc  in  Dicwccsin  canadcnscm  acccpto 
adnutu  gratioso  Illustrissimii  Domini  Episcopi,  qurm  ut  dcsujwr  infor- 


[TratisUlian.] 
Iiccausc  the  bujwr  of  the  house  and  adjacent  land  is  urging  more  strongly 
than  prcWously  that  e^-erythmg  tic  sold.'  The  Reverend  M.  Gibautt 
has  transmitted  to  me  the  full  power  which  he  formerly  recci^-ed  under 
this  heading.  Therefore  I  have  opposed  any  action  until  I  shall  receive 
an  answer  from  the  Reverend  Superior  of  the  Scminarj-  of  Quebec. 
I  do  not  know  his  name,  otherwise  I  should  have  sent  the  present  letter 
to  him. 

I  know  nothing  about  this  territory  except  that  the  Prefect-Apostolic 
of  the  thirteen  provinces  has  notiliedmeof  a  jubilee  lately  conceded  by 
the  Sovereign  Pontiff  to  tlie  said  provinces.  However,  I  find  this  country 
so  harsh  that  1  shall  scarcely  be  able  to  remain  here.  I  know  not  by 
what  fate  I  have  come  hither.  I  was  well  oΠ in  France.  By  order  of 
the  Most  Christian  King  I  tra%'eled  to  the  thirteen  provinces  where  I 
acted  in  the  capacity  of  camp  chaplain  of  the  French  army.  After  the 
war  the  French  Minister  resident  at  PhlLidclphia  insisted  so  much  that 
I  come  hither  that  I  was  not  able  to  refuse  what  he  asked.  But  truly 
when  I  find  the  entire  region  so  changed  and  tilled  with  the  worst  of 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


met,  instantcr   flagito,  cxspcrtins  favorable  \sic]  rcs|>onsum  peienno 
ad  cincres  sum., 

Révérende  ac  Ejcimie  Domine  coofrater,  humillimus  scrvus,        * 
De  Saint  pri^RRE,  Parochug,  Mis^onarius. 

In  parochia  Immaculatac  Conccptionis 

18  februarii  1786. 

[TrattsUtiûm.] 

men,  who  fear  ncilber  God  nor  the  law,  I  am  altnj^ther  delermincd  to^ 
leave  it  on  the  first  opportunity.  I  would  tranisfcr  myself  %'cry  gladljr 
to  the  Canadian  diooesie,  provided  the  gracious  permission  of  the  Veryj 
Illustrious  Bishop  19  received.  I  am  now  importuning  him  to  inform] 
me  and  am  expecting  a  favorable  answer.     I  am  tilt  death, 

Revereud  and  Distinguished  Brother,  your  humble  servant, 

De  St.  Pierre,  Priest  and  Missionary. 

Parish  of  the  Immaculate  Conception, 

February  iS,  1786. 


Father  Gibaolt  to  the  Bisnop  or  Quebec,  June  6,  1786. 

[Archiepùcopal  Archives,  Quebec,  —  A.  L.  S,*] 

Oui,  M.,  je  me  suis  toujours  appliqué  à  remplir  tous  les  devoîra' 
du  St  minîstfcre,  je  faitts  cncmre  tout  ce  que  je  peux  &  présent  pour  les 
remplir  et  avec  la  grlce  de  Dieu  je  m'efîoroeray  de  les  remplir  encore 
mieux  pour  l'avenir.  Je  prends  assez  de  confiance  en  Notre  Seigneur 
Jésus  Christ  pour  espérer  bannir  en  peu  de  tems  la  barbarie  du  poste^ 
Vincennes  dont  Ic3  habîlans  et  surtout  la  jeunesse  n'avnîcnt  eu  aucun 
principe  de  religion  [xndant  33  ans  que  quand  j'y  suis  passé  dans  me 

[Translation.] 
Ycs,  My  Lord,  I  have  always  devoted  myself  to  performing 
the  duties  of  the  holy  services.  I  still  do  all  1  can  even  now  to  fulfil]] 
them,  and  by  the  grare  of  God  I  shall  try  to  perform  tliem  even  bcttcrj 
in  the  future.  I  have  enough  confidence  in  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ 
hope  to  banish  in  a  short  time  barbarism  from  Post  Vincenncs,  where' 
the  inhabitants,  and  especially  the  young  people,  had  had  no  religious 

■  Priated  br  ibc  Hltor  bi  Amtr.  Bid.  Rminv,  iIt  N'o,  j.  p.  5;».  Onv  pkngnnh  at  the  btiEa- 
Dlni  ba>  been  omitwd.  tince  Ibc  Mclawttittl  ftUlkorilln  at  Oon>n:  prdcriRl  llwi  il  ihould  dch  bt 
pribicd-  Alitrf  L.  lJiM«r  unra  aie  Ifaal  lb>  pancnph  conuiru  nriihina  uf  imporunn  tor  Âe 
UMffimn.    A  |ulal  Iht  Idtcf  ww  printed  fai  Inndallon  by  Mr.  Slio  in  hi*  Ii>  v/  AtlMihirfCanMt 


GIBAULT  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  JUNE  6,  17S6    535 

missions  fort  courtes  ainsi  que  ^^^  Payct,  ^tant  <îtevés  comme  les  sau- 
vages au  milieu  desquels  ils  vivent.  Je  leur  ay  fait  et  je  leur  fwts  le 
caiécbisme  deux  fois  par  jour,  après  ta  mesae  et  le  soir  avant  la  soleil 
couché.  Après  chaque  catéchisme,  je  renvois  les  filles  et  je  faits  dire 
les  réponses  de  la  messe  et  les  cérémonies  de  l'église  pour  les  festes  et 
dimanches  aux  garçons.  Je  m'applique  &  prêcher  les  festes  et  dimanches 
le  plus  souvent  qu'il  m'est  possible,  en  un  mot,  il  y  a  un  an  et  demi  que 
je  suis  ici,  et  quand  j'y  suis  arrivé  je  n'ay  trouvé  personne  ny  grand  ny 
petit  p<]ur  servir  la  me<»e  qu'un  vieil  européen  qui  ne  pouvait  pas  tou- 
jours venir  et  alurs  point  de  messe.  Deux  mois  apr^  j'en  avois  plus- 
ieurs, et  à  présent  jusqu'aux  plus  petits  du  village  non  seulement  savent 
sen'ir  ta  messe  mais  les  cérémonies  des  festes  et  dïmans  et  tout  le  caté- 
chisme petit  et  grand.  Je  serois  assez  content  du  peuple  pour  le  spirituel 
si  ce  n'étoit  cetu  malheureuse  traite  d'eau  de  vie  que  je  ne  puis  venir  a 
bout  de  déraciner,  ce  qui  m'oblige  d'en  éloigner  plusieurs  des  sacremens, 
car  les  sauvages  font  des  désordres  horribles  dans  leur  boisson  surtout 
dans  ces  nations-cj-.  Nous  sommes  abandonnés  h  nous  mêmes;  point 
de  justice,  ou  au  moins  point  d'autorité  jwur  la  faire  rendre.    Mr  Le 


[Translation.] 

teaching  for  twenty-three  years  except  when  I  or  Mr.  Payet'  happened 
to  pass  through  there  on  our  short  missionary  journeys.  The  inhabi- 
tants have  been  brought  up  like  the  savages  in  the  midst  of  whom  they 
li^T.  I  have  taught  and  still  teach  the  catechism  to  them  twice  a  day, 
after  mass  and  before  sunset.  After  each  lesson  in  the  catechism,  I 
send  away  the  girls  and  make  the  boys  repeat  the  responses  of  the  mass 
and  the  ceremonies  of  the  church  for  feast-days  and  Sundays.  I  devote 
myself  to  preaching  on,  feast-days  and  on  Sundays  as  often  as  it  is  posâ- 
ble  lor  me  to  do  so.  In  a  word,  I  have  been  here  for  a  year  and  a  half  ; 
and  when  I  arrived  here  I  found  no  one,  either  grown  up  or  young,  to 
assist  at  mass  except  an  old  European  who  was  not  always  able  to  come, 
and  then  there  was  no  mass.  Two  months  later  I  had  several  of  them  ; 
and  now  even  the  smallest  ones  in  the  village  know  not  only  how  to 
asust  at  mass  but  also  at  the  ceremonies  of  the  feast-days  and  Sundays, 
and  all  the  lesser  and  greater  catechism.    I  should  be  well  enough 

■Fufccf  LouIinirçtwubonBlUimtredoa  AhcoiIii.  ir49Ti&dwMonUijK4i*feMFcbniu7 
*4,  IK4.  He*u  oAciniiiwu  [viwt  kt  D«rdt  in  Oclobn,  i;)ti,  ind  be  reouitu^  ihtre  until  Jiuw, 
■  ;B6.  uarinf  thU  mriod  be  nude  Mrveral  mMoeârv  vbiti  lo  viacauuB  aod  ooce  loC^bak&a4H 
Kuka*Ut.    Shn.  Li.'*  »f  AnàUtl^f  OwrwU,  iS*.  41»-*7*- 


53* 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Gras  et  quelqu'un  des  principaux  marchands  et  habitants  font 
qui  dé|>end  d'eux  pour  tenir  le  bon  ordre,  et  rassissent  passabl 
Je  n'aurois  pas  réu&«  à  faire  faire  une  église  en  ce  poste  si  le&habitanj 
des  Kabokias  ne  m'avoient  envoyez  un  courier  ivcc  une  requto  «k 
toute  la  paroisse  pour  les  desservir  en  m'offnint  de  forts  grands  avan- 
tages ;  les  habitans  du  poste  \'incennes  craignant  avec  raison  que  je 
les  abandonnasse  ont  résolu  unanimement  de  faire  une  église  de  90 
pieds  de  long  sur  43  de  large  sur  solles  et  en  colombage,  dont  une  partie 
du  bm*  est  déjà  tiré  et  quelque  toises  de  pierre  pour  le  soUage,  elle  n'aura 
que  dix-sept  pieds  de  poteaux,  mais  les  t-ents  sont  si  impétueux  dans  ces 
pays  que  c'est  encore  bien  haut  pour  la  solidité.  La  maison  qui  sert 
maintenant  d'église  me  servira  de  presbytère,  où  je  crois  entrer  dans 
quelques  mois.  Le  terrain  est  vaste,  bien  sec,  et  au  milieu  du  village; 
c'est  moy-même  a^-ec  les  marguilliers  qui  avons  acquis  ce  terrain  il  y 
a  sei^e  ans.    Je  vous  prie  d'aprouver  cette  bâtisse  d'une  nouvelle 

[Transhiim.]  " 

pleased  with  the  spiritual  condition  of  tbe  people,  were  it  not  for  this 
accursed  trade  in  eatuinit  which  I  cannot  succeed  in  uprooting  and 
which  obliges  me  to  refuse  the  sacraments  to  several,  for  the  savages 
commit  horrible  disorders  when  in  liquor,  especially  those  of  these 
nations  here.  We  are  abandoned  to  ourselves;  there  is  no  justice,  or 
at  least  there  is  no  authority  to  see  that  justice  is  rendered.  M.  Le 
Gras  and  some  of  the  princijml  merchants  and  inhabitanu  do  all  in 
their  power  to  miuntain  good  order,  and  they  succeed  tolerably  well. 
I  would  not  have  succeeded  In  having  a  church  built  at  this  post  If  the 
bihabltants  of  Cahokia  had  not  sent  to  me  a  messenger  with  a  request 
from  all  the  parish  to  ofBciate  for  them,  offering  me  some  advaniagpa. 
The  inhabitants  of  Post  Vinccnnes,  fearing  wilh  reason  that  I  might 
abandon  them,  resolved  unanimously  to  build  a  church  ninety  feet  long 
and  forly-two  feci'^wide  on  a  foundation  with  studwork,  for  which  a 
part  of  the  lumlierl  has  already  been  brought  and  also  a  few  toises  of 
stone  for  the  foundation.  The  church  will  hare  pillars  only  seventeen 
feet  high,  but  the  v,Wl3  are  so  fierce  in  this  country  that  even  that  h 
quite  high  for  good  Vtrength.  The  houac  which  s<•^^•cs  me  now  a3  a 
church  will  serve  mc  «s  a  priest's  hoiisc,  into  which  1  intend  to  move  in 
a  few  months.  The  }oi  is  large,  wry  dry,  and  in  the  midst  of  the  vil- 
lage; it  was  I  myself,  together  with  the  nuirguUtiers,  who  acquired  this 


\ 


église  sous  le  Litre  de  St  Fraiiçuis  Xavier  sur  Ouabaclic,  et  de  m'en  faire 
un  commeiidement  de  lu  poursuivre  et  d«  Turner  autant  que  la  pauvreté 
des  habitans  le  permettra.  Je  ferai  bien  mon  possible  puur  y  engager 
les  marchands  qui  viennent  de  toute  par  commercer  dans  ce  jMiste, 
mais  un  mot  d'exhoralioii  de  votre  part  feroit  plus  de  loin  que  moy  de 
proche  ;  je  voua  prie  de  noua  a(:o>rder  i-clte  grâce. 

Joignez  donc  pr&enlement  toutes  les  peines  et  les  mîsèn's  que  j'ay 
soufferles  dans  les  différcns  voyagtrs  que  j'ay  faits  dans  les  endroits 
éloignes  hyvers  et  élf..  Desservir  tant  de  villages  si  «?Eoignés  et  a 
éloignf?-»  aux  Illinois  beau  tcms  ou  mauvais,  jour  ou  nuit,  neige  ou  pluie 
vent  ou  tcmpÊtc  ou  brume  sur  le  Mississîpi  jnsqu'i  ne  pouvoir  coucher 
quatre  nuits  dans  mon  lit  pendant  un  an,  ne  jamais  différer  de  partir 
dsmâ  le  moment  même,  moy-mt^nie  me  portant  mal,  comment  un  prêtre 
qui  se  sacrifie  de  la  sorte  sans  aucune  autre  vue  que  la  gloire  de  Dieu 
et  le  salut  du  prochain,  sans  aucun  lucre,  presque  toujours  mal  nourri, 
ne  pouvant  vaquer  au  spirituel  et  au  temporel,  comment,  di&-je,  con- 
noitre  ce  prêtre  zélé  pour  remplir  les  devoirs  de  son  St  ministère,  soigneux 
de  veiUer  sur  son  troupeau,  de  l'instruire  des  points  les  plus  impor- 

[TransiaUon.] 
land  sixteen  years  ago.  I  beg  you  to  apprwe  of  the  erection  of  the  new 
church  under  the  title  of  St.  François  Xavier  on  the  Wabash,  and  to 
command  me,  in  respect  to  it,  to  continue  building  it  and  to  decorate 
it  as  far  as  the  pm'crty  of  the  inhabitants  mil  permit.  I  shall  Iry  my 
best  to  interest  in  its  behalf  tlie  merchiints  who  come  from  all  parta 
to  trade  at  this  post,  but  a  word  of  eshorlalion  fnim  you  would  do  more 
from  a.  distance  than  1  can  do  right  here;  I  licg  you  to  grant  us  this 
request. 

Count  up,  now,  all  the  troubles  and  poverty  that  I  hare  suffered  in 
my  various  journeys  to  distant  places  both  in  winter  and  in  summur,  in 
order  to  minister  to  so  many  villages  so  far  separated  in  distant  Illinois, 
in  good  weather  or  in  Ixid  weather,  by  day  or  by  night,  through  the  snow 
or  through  the  rain,  through  wind  or  tcm[)e3l  or  fog  on  the  Mississippi, 
so  that  I  have  not  been  able  to  sleep 'in  my  own  Ijcd  more  than  four  times 
in  one  year,  never  delaying  my  dqjarture  even  in  the  very  moment  in 
which  I  was  not  feeling  well  myself.  How  can  a  priest  who  sacrifices 
himself  in  that  manner,  without  any  other  end  in  view  than  the  glory 
of  God  and  the  salvation  of  his  fellowman,  without  any  gain,  almost 


* 
I 


538 


rORIC\L  COLLECTIONS 


tants  de  liL  religion,  instruire  la  jcuncâsc  sans  cesse  et  sans  relacbe  non 
aeukment  de  la  ductrinc  rhnSticnnc  mnis  encore  monlrrr  à  lire  et  écrire 
aux  garçons,  d'avec  ce  intUa  qui  donne  du  scandale,  qui  est  adonné 
à  l'iiTogncric?  Cecy  me  passe  et  implique  cootradicti(m.  Un  prttre 
adonné  à  la  mollesse  ne  se  donne  [mint  tant  de  peine,  ne  s'importune 
point  d'une  bande  d'enfants  pour  l'impurluncr,  ne  s'expose  point  ft 
tant  de  dangers  soit  des  sauvages,  soit  des  eaux,  soit  des  mauTaîs  lems, 
ne  sarriric  point  tout  ce  qu'il  peut  gagner  à  construire  des  églises,  faire 
faire  des  retables  et  des  lalK-mucles  de  mil  écu  sans  conter  le  reste  à 
SCS  frais  et  dépens.  Si  cecy  n'est  pas  une  marque  du  contraire  }e  ne 
scais  ou  en  prendre  d'autres.  Si  vous  ne  m'en  croyez  pas  à  mes  paroles 
croyez  en  &  mes  oeuvres,  tout  est  subsistant. 

Pour  ce  qui  est  de  ces  veillés  qu'on  vous  a  dit  que  je  prolongeois 
jusqu'à  3  et  4  heures  du  matin,  j'uy  été  quelques  fois  aux  noces,  mais 
je  n'ay  jamais  passé  9  heures  ou  9  heures  et  demi.  La  raison  en  est 
visible  :  il  faut  que  la  jeunesse  danse,  et  jamais  je  n'ay  vue  oter  la  table. 

On  vous  a  dit  que  j'étois  décrépît  et  caduc;  autre  fausseté.  Je  me 
porte  aussi  bien  que  Je  n'ay  jamais  fait.     Je  suis  capable  de  faire  les 

[Translctûm.] 
always  badly  noumbed,  not  able  to  attend  to  the  spiritual  and  the 
temjjoral,  how,  I  repeat,  can  that  priest,  zealous  to  perform  the  duties 
of  his  holy  office,  diligent  in  keeping  watch  o\xr  his  flock,  in  instructing 
it  on  the  moKt  important  points  of  religion,  not  only  in  teaching  the 
young,  without  ceasing  and  nntbout  relaxing,  the  Christian  doctrine, 
but  also  teaching  those  boys  to  read  and  write;  how  can  that  priest  be 
known  as  one  who  gives  cause  for  scandal  and  Is  adtlicted  to  drunken- 
ness? This  is  my  case  and  involves  contradiction.  A  priest  (pven  to 
indolence  docs  not  give  himself  so  much  trouble,  dtics  not  trouble  himself 
with  a  crowd  of  children  to  annoy  him,  does  not  expose  himself  to  so 
many  dangers,  cither  from  the  savages  or  from  the  water,  or  the  bad 
weather,  nor  docs  he  sacrifice  all  he  might  gain  in  constructing  churches» 
having  altar-pieces  and  tabernacles  worth  a  thousand  crowns,  without 
counting  the  rest,  at  his  own  cost  and  expense.  If  this  is  not  a  mark  to 
the  contrary  then  T  do  not  know  where  to  find  others.  If  you  do  not 
believe  my  words  in  this  matter,  believe  my  works,  all  is  extant. 

As  for  the  evenings  which  they  told  you  I  was  prolonging  till  three 
or  four  o'clock  in  the  morning,  I  have  been  sometimes  to  wedding- 


GIBAULT  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  JUNE  6,  1786    53c 

mfimes  voyages  que  j'ay  faits,  je  n'ay  aucune  douleur  et  n'en  ai  jamais 
eu,  pas  même  eu  une  seuJe  fois  mal  aux  dents.  Peul-ftre  a-I-on  cru 
que  parce  que  je  ne  vas  plus  à  la  chasse  et  à  la  pêche  comme  je  le  faisois 
autrefois,  c'étoit  la  vieillesse  qui  en  étoit  la  cause,  m;us  c'est  mon  gnut 
qui  est  changé.  Et  en  effet,  m'étanl  dfîvoué  lout  entier  à  l'instruction 
de  la  jeunesse,  à  la  réforme  des  moeurs  et  mauvaises  halMtudesd'un 
grand  village  presque  barbare,  les  voyageurs  el  commerçans  qui  aljond- 
ent  icy  de  toutes  les  parties  de  TAmt^rique,  les  autres  ctcrcices  journaliers 
du  minislëre  me  [jermeltroienl-ils  de  faire  ce  que  j'ay  fait  autrefois? 
Voilà  la  source  de  ma  conduite.  Pour  le  mal  des  yeux,  il  a  été  là 
général,  s'il  étoit  à  la  suittc  de  l'cxc^  de  la  boisson,  les  plus  petits  cnfans 
n'en  auroicnt  point  été  attaqués  même  plus  que  les  grandes  personnes 
Après  tout,  ce  mal  n'a  été  que  de  très  petite  durée  et  ne  m'a  incommodé 
que  peu  de  jours.  Dieu  préserve  ceux  de  mon  âge  de  ne  pas  plus  se 
servir  de  lunettes  que  moy,  sur  tous  après  tant  de  mille  ticucâ  k  dire 


[Translatùnt.] 
feasts,  but  I  mever  stayed  later  than  nine  or  half  past  nine.    The  reason 
L9  clear:  the  young  people  must  dance,  and  I  have  newr  seen  even  the 
table  cleared. 

They  have  told  you  that  I  was  worn  out  and  feeble;  another  false- 
hood. I  feel  as  well  as  I  ever  did.  I  feci  capable  of  making  the  same 
journeys  that  I  have  made;  I  have  no  pain  whatever  and  I  never  had 
any,  not  having  bad  even  a  tooth-ache.  Perhaps  they  thought  that 
because  I  do  not  go  hunting  and  Ëshing  any  longer,  as  I  formerly  did, 
that  it  was  old  age  that  caused  this,  but  it  is  my  tastes  which  have 
changed.  Li  fact,  having  devoted  myself  altogether  to  the  instruction 
of  the  youth,  to  reforming  the  manners  and  bad  habits  of  a  large  village 
almost  barbarous,  to  tras-elers  and  merchants  who  come  here  from  all 
parts  of  America,  and  to  the  other  daily  exercises  of  the  ministry,  would 
these  activities  permit  me  to  do  what  I  did  formerly?  That  13  the 
source  of  my  conduct.  As  for  being  troubled  with  sore  eyes,  that  is 
general  here.  If  it  were  the  result  of  excess  in  drinking,  tlie  little 
children  would  not  have  suffered  from  it  more  than  the  grown  people. 
After  all,  that  trouble  was  but  of  short  duration  and  inconwnienced 
me  but  for  a  few  days.  May  God  preserve  those  of  my  age  from  wear- 
ing glasses  more  than  I  do,  especially  after  traveling  so  many  thousands 
of  miles  and  saying  my  breviary  by  the  light  of  the  fire  in  the  evening 


I 

I 


540  ILLLXOTS  HlSTORIC\L  COLtECTIONS 

mon  bréviaire  h  la  ciar(£  du  feu  le  soir  et  la  nuit  et  souvent  dans  la 
fuma:  et  à  l'ardeur  du  soleil  dans  le  jour.     En  vérit(5  Hieu  m'a  bien 
conserva*.    Je  vois  aussi  bien  que  jamais,  et  je  ne  croyois  pas  pour  15  ^- 
jauni  de  mal  aux  yeux  mériter  le  nom  d'aveugle.  ^Ê 

Pour  ce  qui  est  du  Comracndant  de  Sie  Geae\*îevc  pour  ses  pollicon- 
neries,  11  n'y  en  a  point  de  pareil  au  monde,  en  mdrac  tems  vous  n'en 
troUTCrcz  peut-être  point  non  plus  de  pareils  pour  toutes  sortes  de 
bonnes  qualités.  Il  a  été  dix  ans  Coramendant  ici,  aucun  n'a  eu  un 
seul  reproche  à  lui  faire.  Juste  sans  partialité  ny  acception  de  personne, 
pùnt  de  compere  ny  coramere,  désintéressé  au  dernier  point,  solitaire 
chez  lui,  plein  de  religion  luy  mCme  et  mettant  toute  son  autorité  à  ta 
faire  observer  rigoureusemcnl,  jeûnant  tous  les  mercredy  de  chaque 
.semaine  et  gardant  ce  jour  là  l'abstinence  indepandemmcnt  des  autres 
jours  tr^s  charitable,  disant  le  Bréviaire  exactement  tous  tes  jours,  ayant 
bien  étudié,  et  parlant  bon  lattn,  après  cela  que  faire  quand  il  poli* 

[TraHjlalùm.] 
and  night,  and  often  in  the  smoke  and  in  the  heat  of  tbe  sun  during  the 
day.    In  truth  God  has  token  good  care  of  me.    I  see  as  well  as  ever, 
and  I  do  not  think  that,  because  I  had  sore  eyes  for  fifteen  days,  I 
deserve  the  name  of  being  blind. 

As  to  tbe  rogueries  of  the  commandant  of  St.  Geaevie\'e,  be  has  no 
equal  in  the  world.  At  the  same  lime  you  will  not  find,  perhaps,  his 
equal  for  all  sorts  of  good  qualities,  lie  has  been  commandant  here 
for  ten  years  and  no  one  has  had  a  single  reproach  against  him.'  Just, 
without  partialitj'or  exception  for  anyone,  with  no  confederate  either 
man  or  woman,  disinterested  to  the  last  degree,  solitary  at  home,  full 
of  religion  himself  and  empto>ing  all  bis  authorit)'  in  haWng  religion 
rigorously  obscn-cd,  fasting  ever)*  Wednesday,  and  observing  on  that 
day  an  abstinence  independent  of  the  other  days,  wr)'  benevolent,  say- 
ing his  breviary  carefully  every  day,  having  studied  well  and  speaking 
a  good  Latin  ;  after  all  that  what  can  one  do  when  he  is  roguish  ?  To 
remain  quiet,  that  is  alt;  for  to  save  him  is  not  possible.    Neither  the 

1  Id  cilitinii  thb  Irltrr  for  ihc  Amer.  Hisl.  Rnifo/  (bm  iIv,.  No.  3,  p.  ss*}  Die  «hcJc  puifftrii 
lf»H  10  me  to  be  oui  of  plaor,  bnautp  ti  tiu  do  cotmMkiai  «lib  wittt  goat  hetcn  or  ant.  Auo 
ih»w  b  grat  difficulty  ia  kTmiK^inf  ihc  Stnniib  ceouiuodMil.  Knatob  VoU,  wfu  «uaNnnMBdutl 
for  T*US  kvd  fu^  ham  ina  liU  in*  dats  o(  hi*  dnih,  StnUmlier  »j,  iiflj.  miiht  have  txvn  cbUsI 
b  irRj  kcniiuiûndaat  wfaoliki«irred"tcn  ttan:"  but  nb  tuceoMt,  DtC*rt«boH,appal>iicil  In 
177^,  ifcnu  \i>  luiTc  dfaapMred  ftotn  upps  Loawuna  in  17*4  (Houck,  ffia.  p/  Uitteun.  I.,  344], 
anil  iiittriaif  àor%  not  fil  Ine  d«*cHplina.  Fur  llinc  rcMom  I  lunctted  that  Ihh  niunipb  ms  ■ 
isn  at  ihe  loai  letui  wrincn  by  Father  Cib&uli  to  17S1.  (Sc«  feii,  p  s»)  Furtbcrcanudcntioe 
inalin  rat  verr  uncertain  dI  ibû  idenTificsliini.  in  «pile  uf  ihne  dlflicullu?. 


I 


OIBAULT  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC.  JUNE  6,  1786    S4i 

çonnc,  se  taire,  c'est  tout,  pour  l'éviter  il  n'cat  pas  possible,  ny  le  Gou- 
verneur ny  sa  Dame  ne  sont  pas  plus  épargnés  que  qui  que  ce  soit  hors 
le  tems  des  affairi^s  sérieuses.  Vous  coanoissez  mat  la  nation  espagnole, 
tout  est  despotisme  pour  eux.  Si  vous  n'allez  pas  a  leur  invitation  ils 
envoient  une  ordonnance  vous  dire  que  le  bien  ou  i'interest  de  Sa  Majesté 
vous  demande  dans  le  moment  au  gouvernement,  que  faire  f  il  faut 
s'en  retirer  comme  j'ay  fait,  malgré  les  avantages  que  j'avois  de  la  part 
du  Roy  dont  je  consen'c  les  papiers,  et  ou  j'avois  de  beaux  apuintemens 
en  qualité  de  missionnaire  à  Ste  Genevieve. 

Pour  ce  qui  est  des  habitans  du  poste  Vîncennes  qu'on  a  dît  en 
Canada  que  j'avois  induits  dans  le  parjure,  peut-être  les  habitans  mCmes 
pour  se  tirer  d'affaire  avec  le  gouverneur  Henri  Amllton,  ont-ils  mis 
tout  sur  mon  compte,  peut-£ire  luy  même  et  les  offîders  ont-ils  pris 
le  prétexte  qu'un  peuple  si  ignorant  n'avoit  pu  se  laisser  gagner  que 
par  moy,  et  de  cette  supposition  leur  pordooner  leur  faute  en  la  fai- 
sant rejaillier  toute  entière  sur  moy.  La  vérité  est  que  n'ayant  point 
été  au  jjoste  Vinccnnes  depuis  longtems  trou%'ant  une  occasion  favorable 
d'y  aller  avec  Mr  LafFont  qui  étoit  bien  accompagné,  j'en  profitay  [wur 

[  Translation.] 
governor  nor  his  wife  are  more  sparing  than  anybody  else  except  in 
time  of  serious  affairs.  You  do  not  know  the  Spani.sh  nation  ;  for  them 
all  is  depottsm.  If  you  do  not  go  at  their  invitation,  they  send  you  an 
ordinance  which  informs  you  that  the  welfare  or  the  interest  of  His 
Majesty  requires  you  at  that  moment  for  the  government.  \Vhat  is 
one  to  do?  One  must  wilhdraw,  as  I  did,  in  spite  of  the  advantages 
had  from  the  king,  papers  concerning  which  I  am  keeping  and  in  which 
I  rcc^-ivcd  some  very  advantageous  appointments  in  the  position  of 
missionary  to  St.  Genevieve. 

As  concerns  the  inhabitants  of  Post  Vîncennes,  whom,  they  have 
said,  in  Canada,  I  led  into  treachery,  it  may  be  that  the  inhabitants 
themselves,  in  order  to  keep  out  of  trouble  with  Governor  Henry  Ham- 
ilton, have  put  all  the  responsibility  on  me  ;  or  It  may  be  that  he  himself 
and  the  officers  accepted  the  plea  that  a  people  so  ignorant  would  not 
have  allowed  themselves  to  be  won  except  by  me,  and  on  this  supposi- 
tion have  pardoned  them  their  faulty  and  made  it  fall  altogether  on  me. 
The  truth  is  that  not  having  been  at  Post  Vîncennes  for  a  long  time  and 
ûnding  a  favorable  occasion  to  go  there  with  M.  LafFont  who  was  well 


I 

< 


54* 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


faire  ma  mi&ston.  Si  je  m'dtols  mfU  dans  une  affaire  de  cette  impor- 
tance, on  atiroit  vu  mon  seing  quelque  part,  on  donneroit  quelqu'autre 
pceuve  que  celles  cy  on  dit,  on  nous  a  rapporté,  et  d'autres  aerablables. 
Et  raoy  j*ay  eu  le  bonheur  de  retirer  une  attestation  de  Mr  Laffont 
même  ausatôl  notre  retour  aux  Illinois,  sur  quelques  railleries  qu'on 
me  faisoit  à  ce  sujet.  Je  vous  l'envoie  cette  attestation  écrilte  et  signée 
de  sa  propre  main  en  original,  n'en  gardant  moy  même  qu'une  copioj 
crainte  de  me  rendre  suspecte.  Vous  jugerez  plus  sûrement  sur  de^ 
écrits  que  sur  des  paroles  en  l'air. 

Mais  il  est  tems  de  conclure.    Kt  que  coQcluertz-\-ous  de  tout  caj 
que  j'ay  pu  vous  dire?    il  vous  est  pirsqu*  impossible  d'y  pénéter  la] 
vérité.    On  vous  a  dit  d'une  façon  je  \'ous  dis  presque  le  contraire. 
Vous  n«  connoissez  ny  ces  pays  id  ny  les  moeurs  et  vices  de  ceux  quij 
les  habitent.    En  Canada  tout  est  civilisé,  ici  tout  est  barbare;  voua 
êtes  au  milieu  de  la  justice,  ici  l'injustice  domine,  aucune  distinction 
du  premier  au  dernier  que  par  la  force,  par  une  langue  pemJcieuae 
calomniatrioc  et  médisante  et  criant  bien  fort  et  exalant  toutes  sortes 


[Transïatum.\ 

attended,  I  profited  thereby  în  order  to  perform  my  mission.  If  I  bad 
meddled  in  an  affair  of  this  Importance,  my  signature  would  have  been 
seen  somewhere.  Other  proofs  would  be  given  than  those  of,  "thejr 
say,"  "word  was  brought  to  us"  and  others  like  unto  these.  I  had 
the  good  fortune  to  obtain  from  M.  LafTont  himself  a  certificate  as  soon  ^^ 
as  we  returned  to  Illinois,  liccausc  of  certain  railleries  about  me  oa.^| 
this  subject.  I  am  sending  you  that  certificate,  written  and  signed  by  " 
his  own  hand,  in  the  original,  keeping  myself  only  a  copy  foe  fear  of 
rendering  mj-sclf  su^cted.'  Vou  will  judge  more  rightly  by  means  o( . 
writing  than  by  mere  idle  words. 

But  it  is  time  to  conclude.    And  what  will  you  infer  from  all  I  may  ' 
have  beea  able  to  say  to  you  ?    It  is  almost  impossible  for  you  to  pene- 
trate the  truth.    They  told  you  certain  things,  I  tell  you  almost  the 
contrary.    Vou  know  neither  these  regions  nor  the  manners  and  vices  ^ 
of  those  who  inhabit  them.    In  Canada  all  is  civilized,  here  all  is  bar-  H 
barous.    Vou  are  in  the  midst  of  justice,  here  injustice  dominates. 
There  is  no  distinction  from  the  greatest  to  the  least  except  that  of  force  ; 
of  the  tongue,  pernicious,  calumniating,  and  glanderous;  of  crying  out 

■Sec  «>■'«.  p.  se. 


I 


GIBAULT  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  JUNE  6,  1786    543 

d'injures  et  de  jurements-  Tout  le  monde  est  dans  la  pauvTcttf  qui 
engendre  le  vol  et  la  rapine.  Le  libertinage  et  l'yvrognenc  passent  ici 
pour  gentillesse  et  divertissement  h  la  mode.  Les  fractures  des  mem- 
bres, l'assassinat  à  coupe  de  couteau,  sabre  ou  épée  (car  en  porte 
qui  veut)  les  pistolets  et  les  fusils  sont  des  joujoux  pour  ces  endroîts-cy. 
Et  qu'a-ton  à  craindre  que  le  plus  fort?  mais  on  sera  le  plus  traître. 
Point  de  commendant,  point  de  troupe,  point  de  prison,  point  de  bour- 
reau; toujours  dans  les  petits  endroits  un  tas  de  parents  ou  d'alliera 
qui  se  soutiennent  tous,  en  un  mot  l'impunité  ontière,  malheur  aux 
étrangers.  Je  pouirois  vous  nommer  un  grand  nom,bre  de  personne 
assassinées  dana  tous  les  villages  de  ces  contrées,  françoîs,  anglois  et 
espagnols  sans  aucunes  autres  suittes,  mais  je  me  contente  de  vous  en 
indiquer  deux  dernièrement  assacinées,  Mr  Guyon  le  jeune  qui  a  étudié 
à  Montréal  a  tué  son  beau  père  d'un  coup  de  fusil  aux  Kas,  et  hier  au 
soir  id  un  nommé  Bellerose  en  a  tué  un  autre  h.  coup  de  conteau.  Dans 
un  mois  j'ay  bien  peur  d'en  compter  dix.  Tout  le  reste  est  de  même 
et  encore  pire  pour  le  spirituel.  Les  fcsics  les  plus  solennelles  et  les 
dimanches  sont  des  jours  destinés  au  bal  et  à  I'yvrognerie,  par  con- 

[TranslaJùm.] 
wry  loud,  and  giving  forth  all  sorts  of  insults  and  oaths.  Everybody 
b  in  poverty,  which  engenders  theft  and  rapinL*.  Wantonness  and 
drunkenness  pass  here  as  elegance  and  amusements  quite  in  style. 
Breaking  of  limbs,  murder  by  means  of  a  dagger,  sabre,  or  sword  (for 
be  who  wills  carries  one)  are  common,  and  pistols  and  guns  are  but  toys 
in  these  regions.  And  who  has  one  to  fear  but  the  strongest,  unless 
one  will  be  the  greater  traitor.  No  commandant,  no  troops,  no  prison, 
no  hangman,  always  as  in  small  places  a  crowd  of  relatives  or  allies  who 
sustain  each  other;  in  a  word  absolute  impunity  for  these  and  ill  luck 
for  the  stranger.  I  could  name  a  great  number  of  persons  assassinated 
in  all  the  villages  of  this  region,  French,  English  and  Spanish  without 
any  consequence  whatsoever;  but  I  shall  satisfy  myself  in  naming 
iwo  recently  murdered  :  M.  Guyon  the  younger,  who  studied  at  Montreal 
killed  his  father-in-law  with  a  gun  at  Kaskaskia;  and  yesterday  even- 
ing one  named  Bellerose  killed  another  man  here  with  a  knife.  In  a 
month  I  fear  that  I  may  be  able  to  count  ten  of  these  murders.  In 
spiritual  matters  ever^-thing  is  the  same  or  even  worse.  The  most 
solemn  fcast.s  and  Sundays  arc  days  given  up  to  dances  and  drunken- 


S44 


HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOI 


Béqacnt  aux  querelles  et  aux  batailles.  Les  méaages  brouillé 
I>^Trs  et  m^s  en  discorde  b\'cc  leurs  enfants,  des  filles  subom 
cale%'(^3  dans  les  bois,  mil  autres  désordres  que  ^"ous  pouvez  ti 
de  ceux  cy,  peuvent-ils  souffrir  un  prêtre  qui  n'épargne  rien  pou 
mettre  leurs  fautes  dans  tout  les  jour  devant  les  yeux,  les  en  repr 
avec  vigueux  en  particulier  et  en  public  sans  se  venger  au  moir 
leur  langue  de  U  geine  ou  il  les  réduit  et  de  la  honte  ou  ils  sont  exj 
car  souvent  ils  se  croyent  bien  cachés.  De  la  ils  le  calomnient  en 
façon,  le  traitent  comme  its  \*eulent  sans  rien  craindre.  Les  1: 
qu'un  seul  piqué  au  vif  peut  dire  s'augmentent  dans  un  autre,  au] 
tcnt  encore  plus  dans  les  voyages,  et  de  v-illage  en  village,  enûn 
un  monstre  à  étouffer.  Concluez  ce  qu'il  vous  plaira,  pour  moy 
ma  conclusion. 

Je  vais  me  retirer  dans  mon  presbytère  d'abord  qu'il  sera  fini 
mon  bedeau  et  un  petit  garçon  i  alurs  Dieu  veuille  que  les  cala 
cessent  au  loin,  mais  j'en  doute.  La  religion  est  trop  persécuË 
pour  ne  pas  tacher  d'accabler  ceux  qui  la  soutiennent.    Je  vou 

I  TraHsl^ltion.] 
neSB,  and  conwqucntly  to  quarrels  and  battles.  With  dtssen^on 
bornes,  fathers  aiul  mothem  in  discord  willi  their  children,  girls  sub 
and  ravished  In  the  woods,  a  thousand  other  disorders  which  yc 
able  to  infer  from  these.  Can  the  [hîoijIc  who  do  such  thingsem 
priest,  who  spares  nothing  in  order  to  set  the  faults  of  these  si 
lïeforc  their  very  eyes,  and  openly  rebukes  them  with  vigor  U 
private  and  in  public,  without  awnging  themselves  at  least  by 
tongues  for  the  restraint  to  which  be  reduces  them  and  for  the  9 
to  which  they  arc  exposed,  for  often  they  believe  themselves  well  lii< 
On  account  of  this  they  slander  the  priest  in  every  way,  trcatinj 
as  they  will  «ithout  fearing  anything.  The  absurdities,  which 
wounded  where  he  is  most  sensitive,  can  say,  augment  in  the  n 
of  another;  they  augment  even  more  through  travel  from  villa 
village,  and  at  last  you  have  a  monster  to  put  down.  ¥ou  may 
what  you  may  wish,  as  for  me  these  are  my  conclusions. 

I  shall  withdraw  into  my  house,  as  soon  as  it  shall  be  finished, 
my  beadle  and  little  boy;  then  may  God  grant  that  slanderinga 
cease  away  from  home,  but  I  doubt  U.  There  is  too  much  oppo 
to  religion  here,  for  others  not  to  try  to  overthrow  those  who  sustd 


GIBAULT  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  JUNE  6,  1788    545 


en  même  terns  de  ttmsîdéaT  que  je  suis  seul,  abandonné  à  moy  mfimc; 
et  quoique  que  j'ayc  tx^auruiip  (ic  («ins  livres,  comme  Pontas,  [.amet  et 
Fromageau,  Stc  Meauve,  les  conf<!n:nccs  d'Anger,  la  cnnduîic  des  âme, 
la  conduite  des  confesseurs,  le  dictionnaire  des  conrilcs,  le  dictionnaire 
théologique,  Collet,  toute  l'histoire  ecclésiastique,  quantité  deserraon- 
naires  et  Iwaucoup  d'autres  livres,  malgré  cela  je  me  trouve  souvent 
embarrassé  dans  plusieurs  cas  particuliers  dans  ces  endroits.  Comme 
par  exemple  presque  tous  les  iKirliares  de  toutes  les  nattons  étant  en 
guerre  aussi  bien  avec  les  Royalistes  qu'awc  les  Amériquaîns  et  les 
tuantet  pillant  journellement,  est-il  permis  aux  françoisetaux  Espagnols 
qui  sont  en  paix  avec  les  uns  et  les  autres  d'acheter  de  ces  barbares 
leurs  dépouilles  qu'ils  retirent  à  bon  marché,  et  quelle  conduittc  tenir 
dans  le  for  de  la  conscience  ?  I^s  sauvages  ne  vendant  leur  Wande,  leur 
huile,  leur  suif  que  pour  de  l'eau  de  vie  que  les  Espagnols  et  les  anglois 
ne  font  aucune  difficulté  de  leur  donner,  commuint  feront  les  françois 

[Translation.] 
At  the  same  time  I  beg  you  to  consider  that  I  am  all  alone,  abuidoned 
to  myself;  and  although  I  have  many  good  books  such  as  Pontas,  Lamet 
and  Fromageau,  Stc.  Beauve,  The  Conferences  of  Angers,  The  Guidance 
of  Souls,  The  Guidance  of  Confessors,  the  Dictionary  of  the  Council», 
the  Theological  Dictionary,  Collet,  all  the  Ecclesiastical  History,  a 
quantity  of  books  of  sermons  and  many  other  books;  '  in  spite  of  this 
i  often  find  myself  perplexed  in  many  cases  peculiar  to  these  regions. 
As  for  example,  almost  all  the  savages  of  all  the  nations  are  at  war 
both  with  the  royalists  and  with  the  Americans,  killing  and  plundering 
them  daily.  Now  is  it  permissible  for  the  French  and  the  Spaniards, 
who  are  at  peace  with  both,  to  buy  from  these  sa\-ages  the  booty  which 
they  get  so  cheaply?  And  what  conduct  is  one  to  observe  in  the  tri- 
bunal of  one's  conscience  ?  Since  the  savages  sell  their  meat,  their  oil, 
their  tallow  only  for  eaudevie,  which  the  Spaniards  and  the  Englî.sh  find 

■  The  books  rclcrr«d  lo  ut  doubtJMS  tlie  f ollonriac  ;  J«an  PootM^'itoii main  JnCciiU Camtienct, 
I  vols.  (Parb,  il'Si  17*'4..  >7i')i  *ilh  tlic  (wn  rotunm  of  OMillauttion  tj;  I-jni'l  iiul  FramtuMU, 
Suptièmmi  ou  tHdi^imairt  dtt  Cm  Jt  CntMÙma  {[VU,  >Tji');  Janua  &uDl(-Bniv«.  K*Mmi*mi 
it  i^Miiniri  Cf  dt  Conititmti,  3  «oli.  (rnrii.  i6ê«-t704,  tjas-tTij);  Ctm]érfauMt  EtcUfiaitiniii  du 
DiaUu  t Antii.  t*  vul*.  (Piiris.  i-;;'nr*i):  KonrTnincûBlkan.CiHWMto  dlM^MMJwMtol'mt 
imSaiiJ  (Psni,  175a,  17^1)-  *à.,  Condtri'i  dit  C*oia/«r««Mt  Joiu  I*  TrAaMldfJa  Ffmitmrt!,  i*S»m  In 

afi,  many  Kllikin^t;  Pani-Augiulin  -UIpu,  Dkllonlulrit  PartMl  Ju  CnrïJn  (Parlt,  iTji.  1764); 
.TtiaiaiHêairr  Thiolatittlt Pùrtalil  {Paii,  1756,  lr6r.«U:.);  IMrmCnllrt,  fniltlmiH»t  Tkûitti"<. 
Iud  5  mjl».  (P4'U.  iTU'if^;,  ij*r-i"**.  -  ■  ■  'ÏTî)!  •"J  ''w  M)M  Cl»iwle  Mwify'i  Bitltin 
aUitaxlium,  lovoli.  (rub,  ifrtii-i;ao,aaiI  nuny  nibaaiumt  cdlrlooiX  whhimlufKihccunTlniialIaa 
bj  FaliFC. 

Tbe  thart  ante  I  im«  lotbe  kiaâaaattt  Ht.  J.  ^vaklia  Joipoon  ol  the  Camcsic  lotlhutioa. 


546  ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

pour  en  avoir?    Ces  commerçans  surtout  ne  voulant  en  vendre  que 

pour  de  la  peleterie  que  ce  pamnre  père  de  famille  n'a  point  et  par  la 
se  voit  réduit  à  manger  du  mais  à  l'eau  pure  dans  tous  ses  travaux. 
Encore  une  autre  affaire  qui  demande  une  attention  de  votre  part 
à  me  donner  une  décision  claire  et  précise,  est  que  le  père  Ferdinand 
Fannar  vicaire  générât  a  philadelphie  de  l'évSque  élu  des  provinces 
unies  de  l'Amérique,  m'écrit  de  la  part  de  cet  évêque  Mr  Carrol  de 
publier  tm  jubilé  pour  tous  les  âdels  catholiques  de  l'Amérique  qui  a 
été  retardé  par  les  guerres.  J'ay  reçu  ce  mandement  l'hiver  dernier 
je  n'en  ai  seulement  pas  parlé  et  je  n'en  parleray  point  qu'après  vos 
ordres.  Je  trou\'e  ^ngulier  que  l'adresse  de  ma  lettre  soit  à  Monsr 
Gibault  grand  vicaire  de  Monseigneur  l'évoque  de  Québec,  et  que  je 
reçoive  inclus  un  mandemenl  d'un  autre  évêque.  Je  recevrois  plus 
volontiers  une  interdiction  de  mon  évËque  que  des  honneurs  d'un 
autre,  ainsi  n'.iyant  aucune  certitude  de  la  distraction  de  cette  partie 
du  diocèse  de  Québec,  je  ne  puis  suivre  que  vos  ordres. 

[Tranxtatioti.] 
no  difficulty  in  gi^âng  to  them,  what  shall  the  French  do  to  have  some 
of  these  commodities?  These  merchants,  moreover,  do  not  wish  to 
sell  any  except  for  peltries,  which  a  poor  father  of  a  family  has  not; 
and  therefore,  he  sees  himself  reduced  to  cat  com  and  drink  pure 
water  [to  sustain  his  strength]  for  his  work. 

Another  a0air  which  demands  some  attention  from  you,  in  order 
to  give  me  a  decision  dear  and  to  the  point,  is  the  following.  Father 
Ferdinand  Farmer,'  vicar  general  at  Philadelphia  of  the  bishop  elect 
of  the  United  Pro\nnccs  of  America,  writes  rac,  at  the  order  of  that 
bishop,  M.  Carroll,  to  proclaim  a  jubilee,  which  had  been  retarded  by 
the  wars,  for  alt  the  faithful  Catholics  of  America.  I  received  this 
charge  last  winter.  I  have  not  even  spoken  about  it  and  I  shall  not 
speak  of  it  till  after  your  orders.  It  is  singular  that  the  address  of  my 
letter  is  to  M.  Gibault,  grand  vicar  of  Monseigneur  the  Bishop  of  Que- 
bec, and  that  I  should  receive  included  therewith  a  charge  from  another 
bishop.    I  would  receive  more  willingly  a  suspension  from  my  bishop 

ipRlher  Fadinnnd  Fiirmrr  (ixrntl|r  tunu SunsMyw} mt  Imrn  InSuabti.Gennanjr.Onabvij, 
ti»o.  Hcmtornl  t>ir  ïyicicty  ol  Jcutfln  iT4,iaM  itmmiiI  i«  Anxvico.  JhegKeneof  hbUtnr*  *^ 
Phllsddphia  ind  iu  mvirmu.  m  wn  ihgriiin  itii-  cidoninl  ■n'l  rrvuliilionaiy  "^  coe  ol  tb«  ineH 
oolcd  wiaUin  Amrrvca  Hit  lymialliia  Htrc  wû>i  l)ii- riibnin  durlngt  ihc  ilnintc  (oc  (txIrpciNlnKe 
Afier  IM  appoLaniMiii  <rf  Rrr  John  Curoll  la  ihc  hcaii»hip  ot  Qte  Cburdi  1b  tlw  tJniud  Sute»  Father 
FiTiiMi  b«cime  uuc  ol  bii  chici  ■rlcbcn,  He  died  Aufinl,  iTBti,  Sbca,  Lift  of  AnIMthap  CarrM, 
•7». 


GIBAULT  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  JUNE  6,  1786    547 

Un  Canne  dfch.'iU3»5,  allemand,  âgé  de  34  ans,  ayant  ses  lettres  de 
prêtrise,  un  certilîcat  du  colonel  du  rl^gimcnt  dans  lequel  il  servit  d'au- 
monicr  jusqu'à  la  paix,  des  lettres  de  Grand  vicaire  pour  dcsscmr 
les  bords  du  Mississipi  sans  mention  d'un  seul  nom  marqué,  se  faisant 
nommer  l'abbé  de  St.  Pierre,  est  venu  il  y  a  un  an  ici  de  lapartdcMr 
Canol  évèqne  au  de  l'Amérique  duquel  émanent  ses  lettres.  Je  n'ai 
osé  luy  rien  dire  sans  vos  ordres  et  je  ne  vous  en  ay  pas  parlé  plut6t, 
n»e  disant  qu'il  s'en  rctoumoît  en  France  par  la  Nouvelle  Orléans, 
cependant  il  est  encore  aux  Illinois,  il  m'a  paru  bien  zélé  mais  d'un 
«le  bien  emporté  pour  ces  pays  sans  justice.  Ainsi  vous  ordonnerez 
tout  ce  que  vous  jugerez  a  propos  dans  ces  coujonctures.  Je  veux 
supplie  de  me  recommander  à  Dieu  dans  vos  SS.  sacriûces  vous  souven- 
ant des  frères  absens  et  de  me  croire  avec  respect  et  antiere  obéissance 
Votre  très  humble,  très  obéissant  soumis  serviteur 

P.  GiBAULT,  PrÉtre. 

Au  [KKte  Vincenncs  le  6e  juin  1786. 


I 


[Tramlalwn.] 

than  hcmnrs  from  another.  Since  I  have  no  certain  knowledf^  of 
the  separation  «f  iliis  part  of  the  diocese  of  Quebec,  I  can  futluw  only 
your  orders. 

A  barcfcKitcd  (Icrman  Carmelite,  thirty-four  years  old,  with  his 
priest's  orders,  a  certiilcalc  from  the  colonel  of  the  regiment  in  which 
he  served  as  chaplain  until  peace  was  made,  and  some  letters  from  the 
grand  \'icar  granting  him  the  pririicge  of  ministering  on  the  banks 
of  the  Mississippi  without  mention  of  any  place  in  particular,  whose 
name  is  Father  de  St.  Pierre,  come  here  a  year  ago  in  the  name  of  M. 
Carroll,  bishop  elect  of  .'Vmerica,  from  whom  came  his  orders-  I  did 
not  dare  to  say  anything  to  him  without  your  orders,  and  I  did  not 
write  to  you  about  it  ««incr,  for  he  kept  saying  that  he  was  going  to 
return  to  France  by  way  of  New  Orleans.  However  he  is  still  in  Illi- 
nois. He  seemed  to  me  very  zealous,  but  with  a  zeal  quite  unmanage- 
able for  these  regions  without  justice.  Thus  you  will  order  all  that  you 
may  judge  fit  in  these  affairs.  I  beg  you  to  recommend  me  to  God 
in  your  holy  sacrifices,  remembering  the  absent  brothers,  and  to  Mieve 
me,  with  respect  and  entire  obedience, 

Your  very  humble,  very  obedient,  and  submissive  servant, 

At  Post  Vincennes,  June  6,  1786.  P.  Gibault,  PriesL 


54» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


FATH£K  de  la  \'aLIN1ÈRE  to  THE  iKHAfilTtVNTS  OP 

Cauukia,  October  17,  17S6. 
[C.  C.  I^.  dvill.,  69,*—  Attc!tt«d  Copjr.] 

Copie  de  la  lettre  du  Mr.  huet  de  Lavalinicre  vtc.  general  au  Mrs. 
des  Cahos. 

Messieurs  et  Chers  Enfans  en  ooire  Seigneur  —  Les  Bruits  mal 
fondez  K-pcnUus  sur  le  coin[)tc  de  Mr.  votre  curé  étant  parvenus  jusqua 
nous  nous  nous  sonuues  crû  obligez  de  les  edairdr.  Ea  conséquente 
nous  avons  pris  puur  adjoint  le  Reverend  Pcrc  Bernard  et  autres,  avec 
les  lumières  desquels  nous  avons  dccuu\xrt  la  malignité  de  ceux  qui 
les  ont  inventés  [?].  Nous  sommes  donc  très  Charmés  de  pouvoir 
vous  faire  part  de  la  juye  que  nous  en  ressentons  et  dans  la  persuasion 
que  cela  vous  fera  autant  de  plaisir  que  nous,  nous  ozons  nous  ftater  S 
qu'en  recompense  vous  ferez  votre  possible  pour  lut  donner  comme  a  ^ 
votre  légitime  pasteur  toute  la  satisfaction  qui  dr[>endra  de  vos  services. 


I 


[  Transliilion?  —  Ailestcd.] 
Copy  of  a  tetter  from  Mr.  Huet  de  la  Valinïère  Vicar  General  to 
the  people  uf  Cahos.' 

GENTLEUEN    &  BELOVED  CHILDKEN  THRO'  OCK  LOHS, 

TIic  iU-grounded  reports  circulated  concerning  M*"  your  Pastor 
hax-ing  reach'd  Us,  we  have  thought  Ourselves  ohiig'd  to  elucidate 
them.*  Thon-forc  We  hare  taken  (he  assistance  of  the  Worshipful 
father  Bernard  &  others,  with  whost:  lights  wc  have  discover'd  the 
malignity  of  those  who  have  invented  the  same.  We  arc  therefore  very 
much  pleasM  that  wc  can  impart  you  the  joy  we  feci  thereat,  &  per- 
suaded that  this  will  give  you  as  much  pleasure  as  to  ourselves,  Wc  dare 
flatter  Ourselves  that  in  recompense  you  will  do  your  jiossihlc  to  give- 
him  as  to  your  lawful  Pastor  all  the  satisfaction  that  may  depend  from 
your  services. 

The  present  shall  he  read  after  the  sermon  of  the  parochial  Mass, 

■  The  Trench  kiifn  fraoi  the  C.  C.  Pf,  prhiud  in  ihu  dupicr  «tre  miuctflMd  b?  Mia 
Edos  Sun»,  copjtti  Id  Ihn  Library  cA  Carapt». 

■The  aimicd  truiiU.ll(in  ol  thb  Inter  hu  bMa  prini«d  in  AtHtr.Calh.mtl.  Rut^nktt.Htm 
Str..  ii-,  fia.  J,  p.  »to.  B)t  iiinnBdiiif  "'  Mt  your  VtMor"  «s  '"  No  >onr  rutot  "■  Uit  copyist  (or  the 
Utatrital  JUuarctut  cbuuod  ttw  neMlof  nr;  «a»*hlcTibly. 

'Tlir  cr>pir>  of  Ihrv  Inipn  concrminc  ib«  mlaùtcy  ni  Fatha  ilc  In  V«linl}rr  ttrtr  «rsl  In 
Tirdlvesu  in  ludcr  i>ki(  he  ciiiihi  riiTi  ihr  JtETisaliuas  tgtiatx  liinuull  made  by  tbr  priai.  (Anû, 
pp.  4J4, 41^1,  «j6.)    For  llic  llfr  cil  h'Hllict  ilc  U  Valiaiin  ice  Introduction. 

«Time  were  »«iimttom  brouglii  ngnEmi  Fath«  de  St.  Pierre,   See  pnl,  pp.  jso,  gJi,  Hi-  99» 


.Sera  la  prcstnie  Itic  au  pr6ne  de  ta  messe  parcnssiale  et  afficbée  a. 
la  i>ortc  de  ['FgUsc  en  foi  de  quoy  nous  avons  signé  aux  Cahos  le  dix 
sept  octobre  mil  sept  cent  quatre  vingt  six,  st^ne  Pierre  buet  de  Lavalûi' 
icre  prêt.  vie. 

Pour  copie  conforme  a  L'original  déposée  en  mon  notariat. 

Labuxieee  Nbe.  F 

ITranslalùm.*  —  Alttsied.] 

&  affixed  to  the  door  of  the  church.    In  testimony  whereof  We  have 

signed.     Cahos  the  seventeenth  Day  of  October  One  thousand  seven 

hundred  &  eight)'  mx.    Signed  Pierre  Huet  de  la  \*alinièrc  Priest  Vicar 

A  copy  conform  to  the  original  deposited  in  my  of&oe 

signed  La  Buxière  Notary  public 
I  certify  the  aboxt  to  be  a  tiue  &  literal  translation  from  the  orignal. 


New-york  feby 


B:  Takdiveap. 


Father  de  la  Vaunièhe  to  Joseph  Labuxiehe,  April  1 1,  1787 

[C.  C.  pp..  xlviii.,  61.  —  Altcslcd  Copy.) 

Copie  de  ta  lettre  de  M'  de  lavalinîere  a  Monsieur  Labuxrerc  de 
II*  Avril  1787. 
Monsieur, 

L'on  m'a  assuré  que  je  ne  puis  mieux  m'addresser,  qu'a  vous  pour 
informer  Messieurs  des  Cahos  d'une  chose  des  plus  intéressantes,  je 
vous  prie  donc,  de  leur  faire  lecture  de  la  lettre  qui  suit. 

Lettre  de  Messire  L.  Huet  de  la  valiniere  Vicaire  ficncral  de  long 
les  districts  au  Nord  de  l'Ohio  dit  Belle  riviere  le  long  du  Mississipi, 

[Translation.  —  Ailaled.] 

Copy  of  a  Letter  from  M.  De  La  Valiniere  to  Monsieur  La  Buxiere 
of  the  1 1  th  of  April,  1 787. 
Su, 

I  have  been  assur'd  that  I  can  not  address  myself  better  than  to 
you  to  inform  the  gentlemen  of  Cahokia  uf  a  most  interesting  business. 
I,  therefore,  request  you  to  read  them  the  following  letter. 

Letter  from  M.  Huet  de  La  Valinierc  Vicar  General  in  all  the  Dis- 
tricts North  of  the  Ohio,  call'd  Belle  riviere,  along  the  Mississippi, 
Wabash,  ^fiamec,  to  Messieurs  of  Cahokia. 

■  Tbb  DuuUtioa  hu  been  priawd  m  ^imt.  CtfA.  &Jir.  JtrtMircJUt,  Nn>Scr.,il.,K«.  j.  p-aai. 


590 


nxmOTS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Wabash,  Miami  et  al  a  Messieurs  des  Cahokias  satut  ct  Benediction  en 
notre  Seigneur.  Nous  avons  eu,  nos  très  chers  enfans,  autant  de  plaisir, 
en  TOUS  laissant  jouir  d'un  curé  que  vous  sembltés  désirer,  conime  nous 
avons  aujourdhui  sujet  de  nous  attrister  dans  la  crainte,  qu'il  vous  soit 
plus  préjudiciable,  qu'utile.  Vous  n'avés  pas  ignoré,  que  la  seule 
defTercnce  aux  idées  du  R.  P.  Bernard,  et  d'un  autre,  qu'on  vous  avoit 
dit  être  de  même  avis,  nous  a  décidé,  maintenant  vous  pouvés  decider 
vous  même  par  une  légère  partie  des  raisons,  qu'il  nous  donne,  si  notre 
repentir  est  juste  ct  ligitime.  Vous  voies,  si  les  idées,  qu'il  tache,  de 
nous  inspirer  sur  vutre  compte,  vous  font  honneur  et  si  une  paroisse, 
dont  notre  Séminaire  de  Quebec,  n'a  eu,  qu'a  le  bon  [?]  mente,  qu'on 
la  fasse  passer  pour  me  connaître  les  vrais  Supérieurs,  ou  non?  La 
commission,  dont  le  très  haut,  ct  celui,  qui  le  repre,sente  ici,  nous  a 
chargé,  nous  ayant  obligé,  d'écrire  a  ce  M**  votre  pasteur,  quoi  en  latin 
de  peur  de  Scandai  ainsi  qu'il  suit:  vous  ne  vous  im^nerés  pas  ce  ^ 
qu'il  nous  a  repondu.  ^ 

Lettre  de  Mr  le  Vicaire  General  au  Père  Pierre  faisant  fonction  de 
Curé  auK  Kahokiascn  datte  du  23  Avril  [siV]  1787.  Mon  [icreilycn  a, 
qu'il  disent,  que  vous  avés  administré  le  Sacrement  de  mariage  en  temps 


J 


[  TranstatiûH.  —  Attested.] 

Greeting  &  Blessing  thro'  our  Lord. 

Wc  have  felt,  Our  beloved  children,  as  much  Satisfaction  In  letting 
jrou  enjoy  a  Parson  whom  you  Secm'd  to  wish  for,  as  wc  have  now  rea- 
son to  be  sorry,  for  fear  he  may  be  more  prejudicial  than  useful  to  you. 
You  have  not  been  ignorant  that  We  have  been  dctermin'd  thereto 
merely  thro'  condescension  to  the  opinion  of  the  Worshipful  father  Ber- 
nard and  another  who,  wc  were  told,  was  in  the  same  sentimenLs.  You 
will  now  ix  able  to  decide  yourselves,  from  a  slender  part  of  the  reason 
he  gives  Us,  Whether  our  regret  be  just  &  lawful.  You  See  whether 
the  ideas  which  he  strives  to  inspire  Us  with  on  your  account  be  to  your 
credit,  and  whether  a  parish  with  which  our  Seminary-  at  Quebec  has 
always  had  room  to  be  satisfied,  deserves  to  be  held  out  as  not  ackiiowl- 
ed^ng  their  true  Superiors,  or  not. 

The  commission  which  the  Most  High,  and  He  who  represents 
him  here,  has  charg'd  Us  with,  having  oblig'd  Us  to  write  that  Mon- 
sieur, your  Pastor,  ibo'  in  latin  for  fear  of  scandal,  as  follows,  you  could 
not  imagine  what  answer  he  made  Us. 


« 


VALINIERE  TO  l-ABUMERE,  APRIL  ii,  1787 


ï>rohibé  savoir  en  carcmc  ;  news  ne  savons,  si  cela  est  iTai  ou  faux,  cepen- 
dant comme  ici  du  temps,  que  vous  avics  pouvoir  de  dispenser,  vous 
avés  fait  deux  fautes  —  l'une  en  mariant  un  Catholique  avec  une  pro- 
testante, l'autre  en  le  faisant  en  carême  a  la  Saint  Joseph  sans  faire 
mention  d'autre  dispense,  que  de  deux  bans,  comme  en  autre  vous  avés 
donné  a  Ste  Gene\Hevc  une  dispense  nulle  faut  de  droit,  puisque  ma 
venue  vous  avoit  oté  lout  pouvoir  je  crainds,  que  vous  ne  fassiés  la 
même  chose.  C'est  pourquoi  je  prie  votre  Reverence  de  ne  me  donner 
aucune  occasion  de  vous  blâmer  Vous  a\'és  lu  la  commission  Specialte, 
qui  nous  a  été  donnée  touchant  vous  et  Mr.  Gibault,  or  lorsque  vous 
nous  avés  demandé  les  pouvoirs  je  ne  vous  ai  certainement  donné, 
qu'une  jurisdiction  ordinaire:  C'est  pourquoi  si  vous  a%'ésfaitun  tel 
mariage,  il  est  au  moins  illicite  s'il  n'est  pas  invalide  a  cause  du  temps 
prohibé,  or  si  vous  avés  donné  d'autres  dispenses  soit  d'affinité,  ou  de 
parentéme  négliger  pas,  je  vous  prie,  de  nous  en  écrire  pour  que  je 
vous  permette  de  les  rehabiliter,    jusqu'ici  rien  ne  paroitra  dons  le 


[Tramiaiion.  —  AtUskd.] 

lutter  from  M.  the  Vicar  General  to  Father  Pierre  acting  îo  the 
capacity  of  Parson  at  Cahokia,  dated  aid  April  [sic],  1787. 

father,  there  are  some  who  say  that  you  have  administered  the 
Sacrament  of  marriage  in  a  prohibited  Season,  namely  in  the  Lent. 
We  do  not  know  whether  this  be  true  or  false.  However,  as  it  is  some 
time  since  you  had  pow'r  to  dispense,  you  have  committed  two  faults; 
the  one  In  marrying  a  CathoHck  with  a  Protestant  woman,  the  other 
in  marrj'ing  them  during  the  Lent  on  the  day  of  St.  Joseph,  without 
mentioning  any  other  dispensation  but  of  twopublicatioas.  Whereas, 
moreover,  you  have  given  at  St.  Genevieve  a  dispensation  whidi  is  void 
for  want  of  a  right.  Since  my  coming  had  taken  from  you  all  pow'ra, 
I  am  ftfraJd  you  will  do  the  same  thing,  therefore,  1  beseecli  Vuur 
Reverence  to  give  me  no  occastun  to  blame  you.  You  have  read  the 
Special  Commission  which  has  been  gi^-l:n  to  Us  concerning  you  and 
Mr.  GtbauiU  Now,  when  you  ask'd  Us  for  the  pow'rs,  I  have  cer- 
tainly given  you  only  ordinar)-  Jurisdiction.  Wherefore,  if  you  have 
made  Such  a  marriage,  it  is  at  least  illegal,  if  it  is  nut  void,  on  account 
of  the  prohibited  Season.  Now,  If  you  have  granted  other  dispensations 
either  of  affinity  or  relationship,  don't  neglect,  I  beseech  you,  to  write 
to  Us  on  the  Subject,  that  I  give  you  leave  to  reinstate  them.    Hitherto 


5S» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


public,  pourvu,  que  depuis  la  reception  de  cette  présente  vous  cessiés, 
d'agir  ainsi  dans  la  suite,  vous  garderas  le  même  ordre  |H)ur  toute 
dî<ipcnse  et  absolution  de  cas  reserves  quand  il  n'y  aura  pas  d'impossi- 
bilité de  recourir  a  nous. 

vous  ne  croinîs  pas,  nos  très  chers  Enfans,  que  ce  Monsieur  n'a 
pas  de  haute  de  nous  as.surer  qu'il  a  réellement  fait  ce,  dont  on  l'acaïae, 
mais  que  loin  d'avoir  fait  faute  en  tout  cela,  il  nous  invite  au  contraire 
a  en  faire  comme  lui. 

n  n'est  pas  surprenant,  qu'un  Mr,  qui  n'a  jamais  fait  ni  Séminaire 
ni  Vicariat,  ne  sache  pastes  rcslcs,  et  l'on  aurait  pu  lui  pardonner  ces 
fautes  comme  vous  voyés,  que  je  le  lui  offrais,  si  il  les  eut  rccoDou.  et 
témoigné  le  dessein,  de  s'en  corriger,  mais  il  aime  mieux  faire  passer 
les  habitans,  et  peutcire  leurs  femmes  pour  les  seuls  maîtres,  de  qui  il 
doit  recevoir  des  instructions  pour  son  ministère.  Nous  pensions  que 
sachant  lire  il  auroit  pu  regarder  son  rituel,  et  les  registres  pour  voir, 
s'il  aurait  trouvé  quetqu'nes  des  pistes  sur  lequels  il  a  voulu  marcher. 
D'ailleurs  nous  n'étions  pas  si  éloigné,  pour  qu'il  ne  put  nous  consuller, 
ou    bien    qu'elqu'autre  i^retie.  mais  voûtant  lever   l'eleudatt  de  la 

[Tramlaiûm.  —  Attested.] 
nothing  shall  traiLspire  in  the  public,  provided  after  the  reception  of  thi'a 
letter  yuu  cease  to  behave  So  for  the  future.  You  shall  observe  the 
same  order  touching  all  dispensations,  &  absolutions  in  rcser^-'d  cases, 
when  there  is  not  an  Cminissibilily  of  having  recourse  to  Us. 

You  wou'd  not  Micvc,  Our  belowd  children,  that  this  Gentleman 
is  not  asham'd  to  assure  Us  that  he  has  indeed  done  the  thing  of  which 
he  is  accus'd,  but  that  far  from  having  committed  a  fault  in  all  that 
be  invites  Us  on  the  contrary  to  tlo  as  he  has  done. 

It  is  no  wonder  that  a  gentleman  who  has  never  I>ccn  in  the  Seminary, 
nor  been  a  Curate  shou'd  be  ignorant  of  the  rules,  and  one  might  have 
pardon 'd  him  his  faults,  as  you  sec  I  offcr'd  to  him,  if  he  had  acknowl- 
cdg'd  them,  &  manifested  an  intention  of  reforming.  But  he  bad 
rather  hold  out  the  inhabitants,  &  perhaps  their  wives,  as  the  sole  nws- 
ters  from  whom  he  must  receive  instmctions  concerning  his  Ministry. 
We  thought  that,  as  he  can  read,  he  might  have  look'd  into  his  Common 
prayerbook  [Rituel)  &  the  Registers  to  sec  whether  he  wou'd  have  found 
any  of  the  tracks  which  he  wanted  to  tread  on.  Besides,  We  were  not 
so  far  oET  but  he  might  ha\'c  consulted  Us  or  Some  other  Priest.    But, 


I 
I 


VALINIERE  TO  LABUXIERE,  APRIL  li.  1787  553 

revolt^,  tl  nc  sc  contente  pas,  dc  «loulcwr  ceux  d'ici,  de  la  Prairie  du 
Rocher,  mais  il  ose  dcja  nous  assurer,  qu'il  s'en  trouvcroil  a  peine  un 
che«  vous,  qui  v-eille  nous  recevoir  comme  grand  Vicaire,  il  dit  que 
voU8.dîtci  sur  noire  compte  des  choses  si  affreuses,  et  en  si  grand  nomlire, 
que  nous  nc  dignons  pas,  de  les  re(>ctcr:  maïs  nous  pourons  les  montrer 
en  lems  et  lieu. 

Quoi  qu'il  en  soit,  nos  très  chers  frères,  avant  que  le  Congrès  en 
decide  comme  le  salut  de  vos  amcs  doit  sur  tout  nous  occuper  et  que 
d'ailleurs  ce  M'  paroit  dans  la  ferme  rcsoludon  de  continuer,  nous  vous 
avertissons  de  la  part  du  Revcrcndissimc  du  Dieu,  qui  nous  a  envoyé 
et  de  l'Eveque  de  Quebec,  qui  nous  a  donné  ses  pouvoir,  si  tante  sois, 
il  en  a  ici  quelqu'un  nous  a  t  il  dit  et  Prefect  Apostholiquc  chargé  de 
la  part  du  Pape  de  la  conduite  dc  ce  pays,  que  toute  dispense,  ou  abso- 
lution de  cas  réservé»,  lorsqu'on  peut  avoir  recours  a  nous,  sera  nulle, 
si  ce  Monsieur  la  donne  sans  permission  expresse,  et  par  écrit  de  notre 
part  a  ce  sujet,  et  si  voua  avés  connaissances  qu'il  en  ait  donné,  mandés 

\TramlalioH.  —  AUestf(f\ 
wishing  to  lift  up  the  Standard  of  rebellion,  he  is  not  satisfied  with 
rajdng  those  of  this  parish,  but  he  dares  to  assure  Us  that  there  wou'd 
hardly  one  be  found  amongst  you  who  wou'd  receive  Us  as  Grand  Vicar. 
He  says  that  you  say  upon  Our  account  Such  horrid  &  So  many  things 
that  We  disdain  to  repeat  tticm;  but  We  may  shew  them  when  time  &. 
opportunity  serves. 

However,  it  may  be,  Our  beloved  Brclhem,  before  Congress  dedde 
upon  it,  as  the  salvation  of  your  ^uuU  must  principally  be  oiu  care, 
and  as  that  gentleman  seems  to  be  firmly  resolv'd  to  go  on,  We  Warn 
ycu,  in  the  name  of  that  Gud.  wliu  has  sent  Us,  and  of  the  Bishop  of 
Quebec  who  has  given  Us  his  pow'rs,  (if  however  lie  has  any  here,  did 
be  say)  &  of  the  most  Wurshipful  Préfet  Apostolick  entrusted  by  the 
Pope  with  the  government  of  this  country,  that  all  Dispensations,  or 
Absolutions  in  rcscrv'd  cases,  when  recourse  may  be  had  to  Us,  will  be 
null,  if  that  Gentleman  gives  it  without  express  permission  in  writing 
from  Us  conccmiDg  the  sarav,  And  if  it  comes  to  your  Knowledge  that 
he  bas  giren  any,  inform  Us  of  it  as  soon  as  possildc,  that  we  bt'g  of 
tbe  Reverend  father  Bernard,  &  that  we  give  him  Special  commis.<ùon 
to  remedy  all  that  is  past. 

By  so  doing,  Our  beloved  Brethren,  you  will  prove  that  what  be 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

nous  le  plutôt  possible,  afin,  que  nous  prions  le  R.  P.  Bernard  et  que 
nous  lui  donnions  conunission  expresse,  de  remédier  a  tout  le  passé. 

faisant  cela  nos  t.  cb.  frères,  vous  prouveras,  que  ce,  qu  il  vous  impute 
dans  les  cents,  que  nous  avons  entre  les  mains,  n'est  qu'une  Imposture 
de  sa  part,  cl  que  vous  ne  trempes  pas  dans  ses  fautes. 

En  attendant  nous  sommes  a\-cc  une  tendre,  et  respectueuse  affection 
en  J.  Cb.  DOS  chers  enfans 

Vutre  très  humble  Serviteur 

P.  HUET  DE  LA  VALI^1ÈKE 

Cette  [?]  copie  conforme  a  loriginal  déposé  en  mon  Etude. 

Labuxière  Mb.  P. 

[Translation.  —  AUesIcd.] 
imputes  to  you  in  his  writing  which  arc  in  Our  hands  is  nothing  but  an 
imposture  on  his  part,  &  that  you  are  not  accomplices  of  his  faults. 
In  the  mean  while  we  are,  with  a  iender&  respectful  afiection  thro* 
Jesus-Christ,  our  beloved  Children 

Your  most  humble  Servant 
Signed  P.  H(JET  de  la  Vaunière  Vicar  General 
A  Copy  conform  to  tbc  original  deposited  in  my  office.     Signed 
Labuxiere  Notary  public. 

I  certify  the  above  to  be  a  true  &  literal  translation  from  the  originiJ,. 
New-york,  february  the  7th  1 788. 

B  :  Takdiveac. 


The  Inhabitants  op  Cahokia  to  Father  de  la  Vaunière 
April  22,  1787 
(C.  C.  Pp..  xEviii.,  7j.'  —  Attested  Copy.] 
Copie  de  la  lettre  ecrittc  par  les  babitans  des  Cahos  a  M'  Lavalînîere 
eti  réponse  de  celle  quil  leur  a  écrit  le  11.  dîtvril  1 787. 

Monsieur.    Nous  avons  vu  et  lu  a  haute  et  inteligiblc  voix  dans 
laascmhlée  des  habitants  des  Cahos  convoquée  ce  jourdhui  dimanche 

[Trauslalion} —  AltesUd.] 

Copy  of  the  letter  written  by  the  Inhabîtenîs  of  Cahokia  I0  M. 

dc  la  Valiniere  in  answer  to  that  he  wrote  them  the  nth  April  1787. 

1  There  b  a  «opf  <Â  llil*  Icilci  ill  tlif  AtcltirpUcni»!  Archivrt  ill  Qurticv. 

■Hill  mniUlloa  has  liera  printed  Id  Amtr.  Calk.  H<tt.  JtunMha,  Knr  Sc*.,  U..,  No.  j,  p.  *■•.  ' 


INHABITANTS  TO  DE  LA  VALINIERE,  APRIL  »j.  1767 

alisauede  la  grande  messe  de  cette  pamisgc  \-otrc  lettre  en  datte  du  11. 
davrii  present  muîsanousadreâjeequinousartéreinîscparMr.  Labux- 
iere.  Nous  y  rcponduiis  en  vous  declarant  tuus  dune  commune  voix  que 
Mr.  de  St.  pierre  notre  curé,  pasteur  et  missionnaire  a  toute  notre  confi- 
ance et  que  nous  n'avons  que  des  louanges  et  aplaudisscments  a  faire  de 
|uy  et  du  zcle  spirituel  avec  lequel  il  nous  instruit  aussi  que  nos  Enfans; 
c'est  en  vain  que  vous  voudriez  nous  otcr  la  confiance  que  nous  avons  en 
luy,  son  atachement  pour  nous  et  son  dcsintcrcssment  nous  est  connu. 
ainsi  Monsieur  dispensez  vous  de  nous  rii'n  écrire  advantage  de  desa- 
vantageux a  la  conduite  dun  prctrc  aussi  digne  de  respect  comme  M>. 
de  St.  Pierre  et  que  nous  nrvcrrons  tous.  Tant  qu'au  mariage  qu'il 
a  fait  dans  notre  paroisse  a  la  saint  Joseph,  il  avait  des  raison  legitimes 
pour  le  (aire.  Sa  conduite  pour  tous  les  cas  que  vous  luy  imputés  dans 
la  lettre  que  vous  noua  écrivez  est  irréprochable.  Et  vous  nous  faîtes 
sentir  que  la  haine  que  vous  avez  conçue  contre  la  dignité  de  notre 
cur^  est  le  seul  motif  qui  vous  fait  agir.    Nous  sommes  des  plus  sensibles 

[Translation.  —  AUesled."] 
Sir, 

Wc  have  setn  and  read  with  a  clear  &  audible  voice,  în  the  assembly 
of  the  inhabitants  of  Caho  conwned  this  day  Sunday  after  the  Urvat 
Mass  of  this  parish,  your  letter  bearing  date  the  11th  of  April  present 
month,  to  us  address 'd  &  which  has  been  handed  by  Mr.  La  Bu.iiere. 
We  answer  the  same  by  declaring  to  you  all  of  us  with  an  unanimous 
voice  that  M.  de  St.  Pierre  our  Parson,  Pastor  &  Missionary  has  all  our 
conâdence,  &  that  we  have  only  to  praise  &ap]jlaudhim  &  the  spiritual 
zeal  with  which  he  instructs  us  as  well  as  our  children.  It  is  iu  vain 
that  you  expect  to  robb  us  of  the  confidence  we  repose  In  him,  his 
attachment  to  us  &  his  disinterestedness  is  shown  to  us,  therefore,  Sir, 
di-4[}cnse  writing  us  anything  more  disadvantageous  to  the  conduct  of  a 
Priest  as  worthy  of  respect  as  M.  de  St.  Pierre  whom  we  all  re\*erenrc. 
As  to  the  marriage  which  he  has  celebrated  tn  our  parish  on  Si, 
Josep!i*s  day,  he  had  lawful  reasons  so  to  do.  His  conduct  in  the 
cases  which  you  impute  to  him  in  the  letter  you  write  us  is  irreproachable, 
and  you  give  us  to  understand  that  the  hatred  which  you  have  conœiv'd 
against  the  dignity  of  our  Parson  is  the  only  motive  which  actuates  you. 
We  are  very  much  affronted  at  the  shocking  8:  insulting  expressions 
you  make  use  of  in  your  letter  when  }'ou  say  that  he  has  need  of  our 


5S« 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


■JMX  termes  choquant  vt  insulUnI  dont  vous  vous  servez  dans  votre  Let- 
In:  u-n  nous  disant  quîl  a  Brsdin  de  nos  instruclioiis  et  des  œllcs  de  nos 
femmes  pour  se  conduire  un  Ici  proïKis  sent  L'ironie  et  le  IÎIk:!  difTama- 
tiurv,  joint  avec  le  trouMc  et  la  desunion  que  mus  avez  mis  dans  les 
villages  de  celte  Rive  depuis  que  vous  y  6tcs  sont  suiTisanl  pour  nous  de 
terminer  et  vous  declarer  que  nous  ne  vous  rcoCTTons  in  ou  voua  re- 
garderons jamais  comme  grand  Wcaire  des  ilînois.  La  tranquility  dont 
nous  joutssuns  nous  est  si  cbcre  que  nous  craindrions  avec  raisons  par 
les  termes  dont  vous  vous  servez  puliliqucment  et  piir  les  censures  que 
vous  lancez  contre  le  plus  honnestes  gens  que  vous  voudriez  éteindre  le 
flaml»eau  de  la  religion.  Nous  ne  croyons  pas  devoir  vous  en  écrire  plus 
long  cela  suffit  pour  vous  prouver  nos  sentiments  cnwr  vous  et  vous 
prouver  que  nous  ne  sommes  pas  disposez  et  que  nous  ne  noussoumetrons 
jamais  a  vous  recevoir  pour  grand  vicain-,  vous  priant  de  ne  pas  vous 
y  exposer  amoins  que  vous  nayez  de  Bons  orders  de  Mr.  Lev^que  de  que- 
bec  et  de  Mr.  de  Mongolficr  auxquels  nous  écrivons  a  votre  sujet  Et 
quand  bien  mêmes  vous  en  auriez  nous  verions  alors  si  nous  devons 
nous  y  determiner,  nous  avons  crû  quil  einit  de  notre  devoir  den*-oyer  la 


urtF 


[Translaiion.  —  AtU:ittà:\ 
instructions  S:  those  of  our  wives  to  conduct  himself.  Such  a  disco 
savours  of  irony  &  diffamalory  libel,  |and|  together  with  the  trouble 
&  disunion  you  have  spread  in  the  villages  of  tliis  shore  since  you  are 
here  are  sufficient  to  determine  us  to  declare  to  you  that  we  will  never 
a'cei\-c  or  consider  you  as  Grand  Vicar  of  the  Illinois.  The  tran- 
quihty  which  we  enjoy  is  so  dear  to  us  that  we  wou'd  be  justly  afraid, 
from  the  ejcprcsslons  you  make  use  of  pubUclily  &  the  censures  you  throw 
out  against  the  most  honest  people,  that  you  wou'd  extinguish  the  lamp 
of  religion.  We  apprehend  we  need  not  say  more.  This  is  sufficient 
to  evidence  our  sentiments  towards  you  &  shew  you  that  we  are  not 
dispos'd,  and  will  never  submit  to  receive  you  as  Grand  Vicar,  desiring 
you  not  to  expose  yourself,  except  you  have  goiKi  orders  from  His  Lord- 
ship the  Bishop  of  Quebec  &  RL  dc  Mtingolûcr  to  whom  we  write  on 
your  account.  And  even  should  you  have  such  orders,  we  would  see 
then  whether  we  must  determine  ourselves  to  it.  We  have  thought  it 
was  incumbent  on  us  to  send  a  copy  of  this  present  to  Messrs.  Lachanse, 
Janis,  St.  James  &  Vital  Bauvais  to  dissuade  them  from  the  prosti- 
tution you  wanted  to  make  of  our  Pastor.    We  hope  thej*  will  retiim 


INHABITANTS  TO  DE  LA  VAI^INTERK,  APRIL  »j,  1787    557 

copie  de  la  prescnic  a  Mrs.  la  rhanssc,  janis,  St.  James,  el  vilal  Beauvais 
pour  les  di&suadcr  dc  la  prodilution  que  vous  avez  voulu  faire  de  noire 
pasteur,  nous  cspcmns  quil  luy  rendroii»  toute  leur  estime  si  eu  cas  il 
l'avoit  perdue.  Aussi  Monsieur  tenez  vous  tranquile  dans  votre  paroisse 
et  ne  cherchez  pas  a  metre  le  trouble  et  la  désunion  entre  notre  pasteur 
et  nous — il  vous  scroit  impossible  d'y  parveiu'r,  et  soyez  assuré  que 
toutes  les  lettres  ou  écrit  nous  v'enaot  de  votre  part  seront  rejetes  et 
a  vous  renvoyées  sans  les  lire,  nous  tiendrons  toutes  les  censures  et 
diflamatioiui  que  votre  vengeance  pouvoit  vous  sugvrer  contre  nous 
avec  mépris,  c'est  dc  quoy  peuvent  vous  assurer  les  habitants  des 
Cahos  Sousâigncz  il  est  cnjoui  a  Mr.  Labuxteri::  notaire  dc  dqroscr  la 
présente  Lettre  en  s<jn  notaria  pour  y  avoir  recour  fjuand  besoin  sera, 
et  d'eu  envoyer  copie  a  Mr.  de  Lavalinierc,  a  Mr.  Jaiiis,  La  Chansc, 
St.  geme,  et  vital  Beauvais  aux  Cahos  le  vingt  deux  avril  mi]  se)>t  cent 
quatre  vingt  sept,  sigiiiî  a  Loriginal  =  Fs.  Saucier  =  J.  BpLc.  I.a 
Croix  —  Le  Brun  =  Chatcl  =ant.  girardin  —  Ch.  duchaime  =  dubuque 
comdt.—  dumay.  =  Grn-aîsc  et. 

Sous  Copie  confirme  a  loriginal  déposé  en  mon  Notlara. 

LABU.VIERE  Nre.  P. 

[Translation.  —  Attesled.] 
him  all  their  esteem,  if  perchance  be  had  lost  it.  Therefore  Sir.  Keep 
yourself  quiet  in  your  parish  &  don't  seek  to  sow  trouble,  &  disunion 
between  our  Pastor  &  us.  It  wou'd  be  impossible  for  you  to  succeed 
in  it,  and  be  assur'd  that  all  letters  or  writings  coming  from  you  shall 
be  rejected  &  to  you  sent  back  without  being  read.  We  shall  treat 
with  contempt  all  censures  &  diflamations  which  your  vengeance 
might  suggest  you  against  us.  that 's  what  can  certify  to  you  the  in- 
habitanLsoI  Calmkia  under-written.' 

M.  La  Buxierc  Notary  is  enjoined  to  deposit  the  present  letter  in 
the  office  that  retourac  may  be  had  thereto  when  necessary  &  to  send 
copies  ihereol  to  M.  de  la  Valiniere,  to  \tes-srs.  Janis,  La  chanse,  St. 
Geme  &  Vital  Baux-ais.  Cahokia  the  twenty-second  day  of  April 
One  thousand  seven  hundred  &  eighty-seven.  Signed  on  the  original 
f"  Saucier,  J.  B"  L.acroix,  Lebrun,  Chatel,  Ant.  Girandin,  Ch.  Du- 
charme,  Dubuque  Comd(,  Dumay,  Gervais. 

A  copy  cfmform  to  the  original  deposited  in  my  office. 

Signed  La  BirxiERK  Notary  public. 

^Thu  aod  ihe  fotlmrioc  ■Hacks  oa  Fklhtr  dc  b  ValiakrrthiDiild  be  mnpiTcilwillihiicoiinlcT 
charpf.  prinird  d<ttr,  p.  414.  4*9.  43A. 


SS*  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


I  cerlity  tbe  alxive  to  be  a  true  &  literal  translaliuii  frum  the  original. 
New-yofk  feb»  7»''  1788. 

B  :  Tabdiveao. 


Father  db  u  VAUNièRF.  to  thf.  Bishop  or  Qdbbec, 
May  76,  1787. 

[AmhlepiiDopMl  Archives.  Quebec  —  A.  L.  S.] 
A  Sa  Grandeur  Mgr  Hubert, 

niufttriasirae  et  Révérendis»me  Kv^ue  de  Québec. 
Monseigneur, 

La  monifere  avec  laquelle  je  me  suis  exprimé  dans  ma  dernière 
(dont  j'ignore  la  réception)  au  sujet  de  ma  renonciation  forcée  au  droit 
du  Séminaire,  sentiruil  ))cut-£trc  un  intérêt  dont  ma  ccinduîte  passée 
envers  les  [ïûuvtcs  dément  cependant  l'idée.  NéanmiMns  rxtmmv  îe 
plus  léger  soupçon  d'une  telle  foiblessc  en  un  prflre  pouroit  em|rfchcr 
le  bien  que  je  pourois  faire  en  votre  diocèse  et  que  je  ne  fais  pas  certaine- 
ment ici,  je  puis  assurer  Votre  Grandeur  que  quelque  petite  cure  que 
vous  puissiez  me  donner,  pourvu  que  j'y  puisse  être  utile  au  salut  des 
âmes,  j'en  aurai  toujours  asscx,  et  j'aime  mieux  que  ce  soit  d'autres 
qui  fassent  des  sotiscs  que  moi.  Faites  moi  l'honneur  de  me  répondre 
te  plus  tût  possible. 

[  Tra  nslation .  —  A  lUsted.  J 
To  His  Lordship  Monseigneur  Hubert, 

Most  Illustrious  and  Most  Reverend  Bishop  of  Quebec. 

MONSEICKEtm  : 

The  manner  in  which  I  expressed  myself  in  my  last  letter  —  I  do 
not  Icnow  whether  you  received  it  -  on  the  subject  of  ihe  forced  renun- 
ciation of  my  rights  in  ihe  Seminar)-  might  gîwî  an  idea  of  self-interest 
which,  howexxr,  my  past  conduct  towards  the  poor  belies.  As,  never- 
theless, the  lightest  suspicion  of  such  a  feebleness  in  a  priest  might 
prctx-nt  the  good  that  he  could  do  in  your  diocese,  and  since  I  am  cer- 
tainly not  doing  anything  here,  I  can  assure  your  Lordship  that  some 
little  parish  thai  you  could  give  mc,  provided  I  could  be  useful  in  the 
salvation  of  soul»,  would  be  sufficient  for  mc;  and  t  prefer  that  others 
should  talk  foolishly  rather  than  myself.  Honor  me  with  as  early  a 
response  as  possible. 


VALINIERE  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  MAY  26.  1787    559 


Ju  nc  scay  aucune  nouvelle,  je  ne  me  mêle  ni  de  la  guerre  ni  de  la 
]KÙx  et  je  cherche  en  vain  la  dernière,  c'est  pour  cela  que  je  suis  venu 
au  bout  du  inonde.  Toutefois  l'ennemi  de  notre  salut  m'y  poursuit 
cncor  et  m'y  imuble.  Un  Carme  san-s  lettres  de  prCtrise  venu  là  de 
lui-mémf  y  snulfe\*e  les  jwuples,  et  Mr  Oit^ieau  tient  toujours  la  conduite 
qui  vous  est  connue.  J 'irai  donc  me  pmslemer  à  vos  jiicds  et  vous  ferai 
rcs<iuvenir  de  la  n^ptmsc  que  vous  me  files  l'honneur  de  me  faire,  lorsque 
dans  mes  petites  dilliculiâs  je  vous  dis  ces  parolles  du  Seigneur:  "Si 
l'on  traite  ainsi  ]c  Imis  vcrd  que  fcra-t-on  au  bois  sec?  Car  je  pense 
qu'on  ne  me  peut  rien  reprocher."  Vous  eûtes  la  IjontiS  de  me  dire: 
"Je  vous  en  donnerai  bien  un  certificat  quand  vous  le  voudrez." 

GrAce  au  Seigneur,  je  n'ai  point  changé  de  conduite,  et  le  seul  vrai 
chagrin  que  j'ajx  c'est  de  ne  pouvoir  faire  du  bien  ni  aux  &mes  ni  aux 
corps. 

Si  j'ai  fait  quelque  faute,  quoique  je  la  connoisae  pas,  elle  dcvroit 
être  effacée  par  ce  que  l'on  m'a  fait  souffrir.  L'idée  que  j'avois  conçue 
pour  procurer  la  paix  taut  à  mes  ennemis  qu'à  mui,  d'aller  fonder  la 
relligîon  à  Charles-town,  s'est  évanouie  parce  que  le  consul  de  New 

[Translatùm.'] 

I  know  no  news.  I  do  not  take  part  either  in  the  war  or  in  the 
peace,  but  I  seek  vainly  the  latter;  it  h  for  this  that  I  have  come  to  the 
end  of  the  world.  Nevertheless  Uic  enemy  of  our  salvation  pursues 
me  and  troubles  me  here.  A  Carmelite  without  letters  of  priesthood 
has  come  here  and  is  arousing  the  people  to  insurrection,  and  M. 
Gibault  continues  always  the  conduct  which  is  known  to  you.  I  will 
go,  then,  to  prostrate  myself  at  your  feet  and  will  recall  to  )*our  memory 
the  answer  which  you  did  me  the  honor  to  make  me,  when,  during  the 
time  of  my  little  difficulties,  I  satd  to  you  those  words  of  the  Lord: 
*'  If  one  treat  thus  the  green  wood,  what  will  one  do  to  the  dry  wood  ? 
For  I  think  that  one  can  reproach  me  in  nothing."  Vou  had  the  good- 
ness to  say  to  me  then;  ''  I  will  certainly  giw  you  a  certiâcatc  when 
you  shall  wish  it." 

Thanks  be  to  the  Lord,  I  have  not  changed  in  conduct,  and  the  only 
true  grief  I  feci  is  not  being  able  to  do  good  to  souls  and  bodies. 

If  I  have  committed  some  fault,  although  I  know  it  not,  it  should 
have  been  effaced  by  what  1  have  been  made  to  suffer.  The  idea  which 
I  bad  conceived  ot  procuring  peace  both  for  my  enemies  and  for  myself 


5fe 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


York  ainsi  que  bcaucou])  d'autres  tn'oni  assuré  que  ce  pais  là  est  si 
malsain  qu'auiiin  rurt>|)<!cm  n'y  jteul  paiBier  I'age  cle  quamnle  uns. 
£t  d'ailleurs  \c  libcrlinagc  y  est,  dit-on,  aussi  commun  qu'aux  îilcs; 
cela  m*a  fait  préférer  ce  pais  français  ou  je  ne  trouw  que  le  dernier 
de  ces  inconvénicns.  Mais  crtmmc  un  ItbtTc  poursuivi  par  les  chiens 
revient  toujours  à  son  gilc,  de  mi^mc  je  désire  que  le  Canada  qui  m'a 
fait  prêtre  et  auquel  je  puis  rendre  encore  quelque  scr\-ice,  reçoive  li 
derniers  fruits  de  mon  sacncdocc  ainsi  qu'il  en  a  eu  les  premiers. 

J'ai  l'honneur  d'être  en  attendant  celui  de  votre  réponse  avec 
profond  respect,  îif  un  seigneur, 

Votre  très  humble  et  très  obâssant  serviteur, 

P.  Hdet  de  ia  Vaunière,  Vie.  Gl. 

Aux  Kas.  niinoia  ce  36  may  1787. 

[Transtaliott.] 
by  going  to  establish  the  religion  at  Charleston  has  been  abanc 
because  the  consul  at  New  York  as  well  as  many  others  assured  me  that 
that  country  is  so  unhealthy  that  no  European  could  live  there  beyond 
the  age  of  forty:  and  bcMdes  liberlinisra  is  as  common  there,  they  say, 
as  on  the  islands.  This  has  made  me  give  the  preference  to  this  French 
country  where  I  find  only  the  latter  of  these  inconvTnienoes.  But  just 
as  a  hare  pursued  by  dogs  returns  always  to  his  burrow,  so  I  desire 
that  Canada  which  has  made  me  priest  and  to  which  I  can  render  still 
some  scn-icc  should  receive  the  last  fruits  of  my  «acrilice  as  it  has 
had  the  first. 

1  havx-  the  honor  to  be,  while  awailiag  your  artgwer,  with  a 
found  respect.  Monseigneur, 

Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  servant, 

P.  HiET  DE  LA  VALiwèBE,  Vicar  Gcncr 

Kasikaskia,  Illinois,  May  26,  1787. 


iNBABfTANTS  Uf  CaUOKU  tO  THE  SkUINARY  OF  QOEDEC, 

June  6,  1787 

[Arch wpiv: opal  Archive*,  Quelxc.  —  Copy.J 

Extr^t  d'une  lettre  des  habitants  et  niarguilliers  de  la  fabnquc  et 

\Tran'-latian.'] 
Extract  of  a  letter  from  the  Inhabitants  and  Marquillitrs  of  Û 


INHABIT.\NTS  TO  SEMINARY  OF  QUEBEC,  JIWE  6. 1 787    561 


mission  de  la  Stc  Famille  dvs  Calius  aux  Illinois  poiir  les  Messieurs  du 
Séminaire  de  Québec. 
MoNsiKLR,  [sic] 

Les  habitans  qui  comptacnt  la  paroÎMC  de  la  Stc  Famille  des  Cahos 
croyent  ne  devoir  pas  vous  laisser  ignorer  les  démarches  que  le  Sr 
Jautard,  faisant  sa  résidence  de[]uis  quelques  années  à  Montréal,  a 
fait  pour  disposer  des  biens  de  celte  mission,  en  l'année  1785,  le  19  mai. 
Il  donna  sa  procuration  au  Sr  Augustin  Dubuque,  marchand  voyageur 
de  Montréal,  pour  faire  vendre  ce  qui  restent  existant  de  cette  dite 
mission,  qui  con»stc  aux  quatre  murailles  d'une  maison  de  pierre  avec 
300  pieds  de  terrain  de  large  sur  900  pîcds  de  long,  et  trois  arpents  de 
terre  de  large  sur  la  longueur  des  autres  terres  des  habitans,  ce  fondé  de 
pouvoir  a  fait  vendre  de  sa  seule  autorité  par  le  ministère  d'un  huissier 
après  trois  criées  ces  dits  biens;  nous  n'avons  fait  aucune  opposition 
n'ayant  pas  eu  coniioissance  dans  le  temps  de  la  procuration  que  Mrs 
les  supérieurs  du  Chapitre  autorisés  par  Mgr  l'Evéque  avoient  envoyé 
à  Mr  l'abé  Gibault  passée  devant  Mrs  Panet  et  Sanguinet  notaires  à 

[Trans/iition.] 
Fabrique  and  Mission  of  Ihc  Hoty  Family  of  Cahokia  al  ihc  Illinois  to 
the  Gentlemen  of  the  Seminary  of  Quebec. 
Sik:    [sic] 

The  inhabitants  composing  the  parish  of  the  Holy  Family  of  Cahokia 
believe  that  Ihey  ought  not  to  lea%-e  you  in  ignoranrc  of  the  action  which 
M.  Jautard,  whose  residence  for  some  years  past  has  been  Montreal, 
has  taken  on  May  19,  1785,  to  dispose  of  the  jiroiwrly  of  this  misijion.' 
He  gave  his  power  of  attorney  lo  M.  Augustin  Dubuque,  traveling  mer- 
chant of  Montreal,  to  have  him  sell  what  still  remained  of  the  property 
of  this  said  mission.  This  consists  of  the  four  walls  of  a  stone  house 
with  ground  three  hundred  feet  wide  by  nine  hundred  feet  loog,and  also 
a  field  three  arpents  wide  wilh  a  length  the  same  as  the  fields  belonging 
lo  the  inhabitants.  M.  Dubuque,  entrusted  with  authority,  has  caused 
this  said  property  to  be  sold  on  his  sole  authority  through  the  agenc}- 
of  a  huissier  after  three  announcements.  We  made  no  opposition,  since 
we  had  no  knowledge  at  tlie  Ume  of  the  power  of  attorney  which  the 
superiors  of  the  chapter  by  the  authority  of  the  bishop  had  sent  to 
Father  Gibaulu  This  power  of  attorney  was  drawn  up  before  MM.  Panct 

■  Oibcr  docntBoiu  baiint  m  ihe  mm  cii«  tavc  been  prtnMd  is  13  BM.  CotttOimt.  3^ 


56a 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOJ^ 


Québec  le  14  mai  176S,  drmt  Mr  Gilmult  n*a  fait  aurun  usage,  laquelle 
tioLts  a  été  communiquée  %t.'rsle  mois  d'avril  1786  par  Mr  de  St  Pierre 
prêtre  dc3scr\*anl  noire  mission,  Et  aprfcs  que  Padjudication  en  a  été 
faite  par  cet  huissier,  Monsr  de  St  Pierre  n'ayant  desservi  notre  paroisse 
qu'après  et  à  qui  Mr  Gibault  a  transmis  ces  pouvoirs  concernants  la 
mission  des  Cahos.  Nous  avons  vu  par  cette  procuration  que  toutes 
les  ventes  que  Mr  l'abé  Forget  Grand  Vicaire  de  Monseigneur  avilit 
faites  éloient  nulles  n'y  ayant  jamais  été  autorisiî  par  le  Chapitre  et  que 
vous  entendiez  Messieurs,  que  tous  les  biens  de  la  mission  rentrassent 
au  pou\-oir  du  missionnaire  qu'il  vous  plairoit  envoyer  et  des  habitaos 
qui  composent  la  dite  paroisse  pour  i^lre  maintenus  et  conscn'és  à 
perpétuité  à  ladite  mission  et  paroisse  et  les  roTnus  eo  provenants 
être  employés  à  l'entretien  d'iccllc  et  du  missionnaire,  en  y  faisant  pat 
nous  les  dépenses  et  réparations  nécessaires  pour  son  rétablissement 
et  entretien,  le  Chapitre  n'entendant  entrer  dans  aucun  frais;  c'est  en 
conséquence  que  nous  avons  cassé  et  annulé  juridiquement  toutes  les 
ventes  faites  par  Mr  l'abé  Forget  et  autres  qui  s'en  sont  ensuivies  et 
annulé  les  pièces  que  le  fundé  de  [wuvuir  du  Sr  Jautanl  avuit  fait  faire 

[Transiation.] 
and  Sanguïnet,  notaries  of  Quebec,  May  14,  176S;  but  M.  Gibault  bas 
made  no  use  of  it.  This  has  l)ccn  communicated  lu  us  aliout  the  month 
of  April,  1786,  by  M.  dc  St.  Pierre,  the  priest  scr\-îng  our  mission,  after 
the  sale  of  the  propertj*  by  auction  had  Iwcn  made  by  this  huissier, 
for  M.  de  St.  Pierre  began  serving  our  parish  only  afterwards,  and  M. 
Gibault  transmitted  to  him  those  powers  concerning  the  mission  of 
Cahokia.  We  have  learned,  from  this  power  of  attorney  that  all  the 
sales  made  by  Father  Forget,'  grand  vicar  of  Monseigneur,  were  null 
and  void,  since  ihey  had  never  liecn  authorized  by  the  chapter,  and  that 
you  intended,  gentlemen,  that  all  the  property  of  the  misMon  Ix  under 
the  power  of  the  missionary,  whom  it  pleased  you  to  send,  and  of  the 
inhabitants  who  compose  the  said  parish,  to  be  maintained  and  held  in 
perpetuity  for  the  said  mission  and  parish,  and  that  the  revenues  pro- 
ceeding therefrom  should  be  employed  for  the  maintenance  of  it  and 
of  the  missionary,  and  that  we  should  make  therefrom  the  necessary 
expenses  and  cost  of  repairs  for  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of 
the  property,  since  the  chapter  did  not  intend  to  enter  into  any  expense. 

■  The  lut  vtcar  itscnl  la  cIk  Dlinoit  cououy  <iata  iht  Fmch  rrgirtic. 


L 


INHABITANTS  TO  SEAUNARY  OF  QUEBEC,  JUNE  6,  rrS?    563 

concernant  l'adjudicau'un  dmil  le  Sr  Dubuque  fondé  de  pouvoir  s'étoit 
rendu  adjudiiataîrt  de  la  maiBOri  et  terrain  l'ayant  luimftme  mise  à 
1000  «t  où  elle  a  resté  personne  n'ayant  voulu  surenchérir  el  les  terres 
aux  environs  de  trois  cents  livres  y  compris  quelques  autres  effets  comme 
portes  fenestrcs  chassis  et  planchers  que  les  habitans  avuicnt  sauviîs  des 
injures  du  temps  et  pillage.  Desquels  biens  nous  nous  sommes  remis  en 
possession.  Nous  avons  commencé  par  faire  un  presbjlère  pour  loger 
notre  curé  qui  nous  a  coulé  près  de  cinq  mille  livTcs  la  maison  de 
pierre  ayant  été  entièrement  ruinée  par  les  troupes  angloises  et  Améri- 
quaioes  qui  y  ont  logé,  fait  les  dégradations  ordinaires  où  ils  passent 
et  ks  injures  du  temps  par  lequel  elle  a  été  abandonnée  n'y  restant 
actuellement  que  les  quatre  murs  encore  susceptibles  de  beaucoup  de 
réparations  sans  couvertures,  combles,  ni  planchers  et  les  cheminées 
renversées,  aucunes  clotures  sur  les  terrains,  le  verger  entièrement 
détruit  sans  apparence  qu'il  y  en  ait  jamais  eu,  tous  tes  autres  batimens 
détruits  jusques  aux  puits  qui  ont  été  comblés. 

[Translatùm.] 
Consequently,  we  have  judicially  set  aside  and  annulled  all  the  sales 
made  by  Father  Forget  and  others  who  have  succeeded  him  and  have 
annulled  the  instruments  which  the  attorney  of  M.  Jautard  has  bad 
made  and  which  concerned  the  sale  by  auction.  M.  Dubuque  himself 
bid  for  the  house  and  adjacent  land  one  thousand  livres,  and  at  that 
price  the  bidding  stopped,  since  no  one  was  willing  to  raise  the  bid,  and 
for  the  other  lands  and  some  other  property,  such  as  bridges,  windows, 
sashes,  and  flooring,  which  the  inhabitants  have  saved  from  the  injury 
of  time  and  pillage,  he  bid  about  three  hundred  livres.  We  have  re-estab- 
lished you  in  tbc  possession  of  these  goods.  For  the  purpose  of  lodg- 
ing our  cure  we  have  begun  by  building  a  priest's  house  which  has  cost 
us  almost  five  thousand  livres.  [We  were  obliged  to  do  thial  because 
the  house  had  been  entirely  ruined  by  the  English  and  American  troops 
who  haw  I(«lgcd  there.  The  defacements  and  injuries  it  had  suffered 
during  the  time  it  was  abandoned  were  such  that  there  remains  standing 
only  the  four  walls,  which  can  be  repaired  with  much  labor,  for  they  are 
without  a  roof-covering,  false-roof,  (luoring,  and  the  chimneys  have 
tumbled  down;  there  are  some  fences  on  the  land;  the  orchard  has 
been  so  destroyerfthat  there  is  left  no  vestige  of  it  ;  aill  the  other  buildings 
have  been  destroyed  even  to  the  wells,  which  have  been  (illcd  in. 


k 


S&i 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Nous  avons  destiné  les  ruines  de  cette  maison  pour  en  faire  une! 
église,  notre  ancienne  église  de  bois  étant  tombée  et  obligés  de  dire 
la  messe  dans  une  maison  h  lo}'er.  Nous  avons  commencé  à  travailler 
h  notre  église  projetée  laquelle  nous  reviendra  h  plus  de  quinze  à  seize 
mille  livres.  Comme  la  misaoo  n'a  plus  aucuns  esclaves  ni  bestiaux 
d'aucune  espèce  Mr  Forget  ajrant  palpé  le  tout  et  em(»orté  les  fonds  de 
ce  dont  il  a  [hi  être  payé,  les  trois  arpents  de  terre  devenants  à  charge 
îk  la  mission  par  les  dépenses  des  clotures  et  leur  entretien  nous  avons 
délibéré  conjointement  avec  Mr  de  St  Pierre  de  tes  donner  à  rente,  et 
après  trois  criées  elles  n'ont  monté  qu'à  une  somme  trH  modique  de  j 
seize  à  dix-huit  livres  par  chaque  arpents  de  rente  annuelle  et  les  ter-  ' 
rains  de  t^o  pieds  quarrés  depuis  3o  jusqu'à  »x  par  arpents  année  de 
rente  ne  pouvant  survenir  à  l'entretien.  Tant  qu'aux  autres  biens] 
comme  esclaves,  moulins  et  Bestiaux  tous  ces  arlicJcs  ont  ènlièrcmeot  été 
dissipés  et  dénaturés  au  départ  de  Mr  Forget  tant  par  ventes,  liberté  j 
donnée  que  don  manuel  des  Bestiaux  de  sorte  que  il  ne  se  trouve  rieaH 
de  ces  articles  à  la  mission.  Il  y  a  encore  d'existant  quelques  familles  " 
de  nègres  sur  la  partie  espagnole  qui  sont  considérables  par  leur  valeur. , 

[TramlaCwn.] 
We  have  decided  to  build  a.  church  vi  the  ruins  of  this  house,  fori 
our  former  wooden  church  has  fallen  and  we  are  obliged  to  say  mass  ' 
in  a  n-nled  house.    We  have  commenced  to  work  on  our  pnjjecled 
church  which  will  cost  us  mnre  than  fifteen  or  sixteen  thousand  livres. 
Since  the  mission  no  longer  has  any  slaves  or  animals  of  any  kind,  M.  ! 
Forget  ha%nng  pocketed  and  carried  away  the  money  which  he  was  able 
to  collect  for  them,  and  sinix  the  tlm'u  arpents  of  land  will  become  a 
charge  against  the  mission  on  account  of  the  expense  for  fences  and] 
maintenance,  we  consulted  with  M.  dc  St.  Pierre  and  decided  to  rent  it; 
and  after  three  announa-ments  there  has  lieen  hid  only  the  very  moderate 
sum  of  sixteen  to  eighteen  livrts  per  annum  for  each  arpent,  which  is{ 
not  enough  to  cover  the  cost  of  maintenance.     As  to  the  otlier  property, 
such  as  slaves,  mill»,  and  animals,  all  these  have  been  entirely  dispersed, 
and  made  unusable  at  the  departure  of  M.  Forget,  cither  by  sales,  the  j 
granting  of  liln-rty  to  the  slaves,  or  by  donalion  of  the  animals  so  that 
none  of  these  things  arc  to  be  found  at  the  mission.     There  are  still 
existent  some  families  of  negroes  on  the  Spanish  side  wBo  arc  of  consider- 
able value.    They  arc  living  either  at  St  Louis  of  the  Illinois  or  at  New  ' 


INHABITANTS  TO  SË\UNARY  OF  QUKIJEC,  JUNE  6,  178;    565 

lis  sont  riomicili^  tant  à  St  Loui<;  dc$  Illinois  qu'à  la  Nou\-elle  Orl(!ans 
à  qui  Mr  Forget  a  donné  la  liberté  et  d'autres  qu'il  a  vendus  sans  y 
être  autorisé.  Il  s'en  trouve  m&me  ici  dans  la  pajoisse  des  Cahos. 
Nous  avons  réclama  ceux  de  la  partie  espagnole  au  commaadaal:  en 
chef  de  la  partie  des  tllînois  qui  s'y  est  refusé.  Comme  cela  est  uae 
affaire  du  gouvernement  et  que  le  Chapitre  s'y  trouve  intéressé  nous 
n'avons  pu  rien  espérer  et  avons  pris  le  parti  du  silence  surtout  sous  un 
gouvernement  aussi  despote,  nous  élurit  restraint  à  vous  prier,  Messieurs, 
de  vouloir  bien  vous  intéresser  à  faire  rentrer  ces  nègres  au  pouvoir  de 
notre  mission  lesquels  ont  beaucoup  augmimlé  pur  la  jiropagnlion. 

Avant  d'avoir  vu  le  uonlenu  en  la  procuration  iuln>sséc  à  Mr  Gibault, 
nous  étions  tous  dans  l'incertitLide  de  savoir  si  tes  ventes  de  Mr  Forget 
uuroient  Heu  ou  non.  Nous  craignons  du  faire  de  fausses  démarches 
et  de  nous  constituer  en  de:>  dijjmnscs  inutiles;  celte  procuration  qui 
nous  a  été  remise  nous  a  rassuré  et  oii\'ert  les  yeux  et  nous  travaillerons 
actuellement  au  rétablissement  de  notre  mission  autant  qu'il  sera  en 
notre  pouvoir. 

Nous  vous  supplions,  Messieurs,  de  vous  inlércsaer  auprès  de 
Monseigneur  et  du  Chapitre  pour  autoriser  et  ratifier  de  nouveau  les 


\Translaiion.] 
Orleans,  and  were  either  given  their  Hlwrty  or  wwe  sold  by  M.  Forget 
«Hthout  being  authorized  to  do  it.  There  are  some  even  here  in  the 
parish  of  Cahokia.  We  have  recliimcd  those  living  on  the  Spanish 
side  from  the  major  commandant  of  the  Illinois  dislricl,  but  he  has 
refused  to  do  anything.  Since  that  is  a  governmental  aiTatr  and  the 
chapter  is  interested  therein,  we  could  not  expect  to  do  anything,  and 
have  taken  the  part  of  silence  especially  with  so  despotic  a  go\-ern- 
ment;  and  we  limit  ourselves  to  praying  you,  gentlemen,  kindly  to 
interest  yourselves  to  cause  these  negroes  to  re-enter  into  the  power  of 
our  mission.     These  have  greatly  increased  by  propagation. 

Before  we  saw  the  contents  of  the  power  of  attorney  addressed  to 
M.  Gibauh,  we  were  uncertain  whether  the  sales  by  M.  Forget  were 
legal  or  not,  and  were  fe;irful  of  taking  false  sleps  and  of  putting  our- 
schx-s  to  useless  expenses.  This  power  of  attorney,  which  has  been 
sent  us,  has  reassured  us  and  oi^ened  our  ej-es;  and  wc  shall  work  now 
for  the  re-eslablishment  of  our  mission  as  far  as  it  shall  be  in  our 
power. 


L 


s» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


• 
I 


articles  insérés  dans  la  dite  procuration  en  confirmant  l'abandon  que 
vous  nous  faîtes  de  la  mission  et  des  dispenses  conjointement  avec  le. 
raîsslonuaire  qu'il  \'oub  plaira  envoyer  pour  la  desservir.  I 

Noua  ne  pouvons  trop  faire  d'éloge  de  Mr  de  St  Pierre  notre  curé 
et  missionnaire  actuel.  11  a  toute  la  capadté,  zèle  et  charité  tant  pour 
l'édification  et  instruction  des  fid^es  que  pour  son  devoir  ecclésiastique. 
Nous  désirons  de  pouvoir  le  conserver  et  vous  supplions  de  vouloir 
bien  l'agréer  et  le  faire  agréer  par  Monseigneur,  pour  qu'il  lui  plaise 
lui  envoyer  ses  ordres  pour  notre  mission. 

Si  vous  avez  connoissance,  Monsieur,  de  quelques  papiers  ou  titres 
anciens  relatifs  à  la  mission  et  seigneurie  des  Cahos  qui  comprend  quatre 
lieues  en  quarré,  nous  vous  prions  instament  de  vouloir  bien  nous  les 
faire  pan^nlr  par  voies  sures  aûn  de  nous  assurer  une  entibre  possession 
et  crante  d'entreprise  par  la  suite.    .    .    . 

Nous  avons  l'honneur  d'âtre  a\>'ec  un  profond  respect,  Monsieur, 
Vos  très  humbles  et  très  obéissants  serviteurs  les  députés  des  habitant 
et  marguilHcrs  de  la  fabrique  et  mission  de  la  Stc  Famille  des  Cahos^ 
aux  Illinois.  H 

[Translaitûn.] 

We  pray  you,  gentlemen,  to  persuade  Monseigneur  and  the  chapter 
to  authorize  and  ratify  anew  the  articles  {nscrted  in  the  said  power  of 
attorney  by  confirming  the  abandonment  which  you  made  of  the  mission 
and  of  the  expenses  to  us  conjointly  with  the  missionary  whom  it  shall 
please  you  to  send  to  serve  it. 

We  cannot  too  much  praise  M.  de  St-  Pierre,  our  curé  and  present 
missionary.  He  has  all  capacity,  zeal,  and  charity  both  for  the  teaching 
and  instruction  of  the  faithful  and  for  hia  ecclesiastical  duty.  We  desire 
to  be  able  to  keep  him  and  pray  you  to  be  kind  enough  to  agree  to  it 
and  to  influence  Monseigneur  to  agree  so  that  he  is  willing  to  send  to 
him  the  commands  for  our  mission. 

If  you  have  knowledge,  sir,  of  some  papers  or  ancient  titles  relative 
to  the  mission  and  seigniory  of  Cabokia  which  contained  four  leagues 
square,  we  earnestly  pray  you  to  be  so  kind  as  to  send  them  by  a  sufc 
way  in  order  to  assure  us  a  complete  possesiûon  and  (freedom  from] 
fear  of  establishment  ....  ^ 

We  have  the  honor  to  be  with  a  profound  respect,  sir,  your  very^ 
bumble  and  very  obedient  servants,  the  Deputies  of  the  Inhabitants  and  ' 
the  MarguiUiers  of  the  Fabrique  and  Mission  of  the  Holy  Family  of 
Cahokia  in  the  Illinois. 


DE  ST.   PIERRE  TO  TARDIVEAO,  SEPT.,  1787  567 

(SignO 

Ch  DUCRARME,  B.  DtTBEKOER,  F.  [  ?]  SaVOZZ, 

At  Giraroin,  L.  Chatei,  Bxe  Oouay. 

J.  Bte  Lacrodc,  H.  Biron, 

Aux  Cabos,  ce  6  juin  1787. 

Je  oerllâe  la  copie  ci-dessus  conforme  à  l'original  conservé  dajis  les 
archives  du  Séminaire  de  Québec. 
A  Québec,  7  mai  1793. 

Grav£,  Sup.  du  Séminaire. 


(Signed) 
Ch.  Ducharme 
At.  GiRARDrN 
J.  Bte.  Lacroix 


[Translation.] 


B.  Duberger  F.  Saocier 

L.  Chatel  Bte.  Dijuay 

H.  Biron 

Cahokia,  June  6,  1787. 

I  certify  the  above  copy  conforms  to  the  orignal  presentd  in  the 
archives  of  the  Seminary  of  Quebec. 

Quebec,  May  7,  1793.  Grave,  Sup.  of  the  Semiaary. 


Fatu£r  oe  St.  Pierre  to  Bartkeleui  Tardiveau,  September,  1787, 

No  date. 
[C  C.  pp.,  xlviU.,  73.— A.  L.  S.] 

Monsieur, 

J'ai  reçu  la  votre  de  quatre  7bre.  Les  habitans  depuis  l'arrivé  de 
Monsieur  Trotîer  fai-soîcnt  plusieurs  assemblées,  ou  ils  ont  faits  leut 
decision,  que  vous  apporte  le  même  porteur  de  mienne. 

Au  sujet  de  la  concession  de  quatre  lieues  quarrées,  ils  ont  faits 
quelques  doutes,  principalement  que  vous  en  demandiés  aussi  le  dixième 

[Translatùm  ' — AUesUd.] 
Sir, 

I  have  rccciv'd  your's  o(  the  4^"^  y*»".  The  inhabitants,  since 
the  arrival  of  Mr.  Trotier  have  held  several  assemblies  wherein  they 
have  pasa'd  their  decisions  which  you  shall  receive  by  the  bearer  of 
mine. 

In  regard  to  the  concession  of  four  leagues  square  they  have  form'd 

)Thi>  ttuubtloa  boi  bcra  prioEod  in  Ibc  ^skt.  CM.  Hill.  bjMftMn.  HewSer.,  Q~,  No.  }.pb 

9JI. 


s  68 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


jjour  la  cooBrmation,  mais  je  vous  al  exposé  le  contraire,  et  au  même 
temps  ils  ne  sont  pas  capables  de  vous  le  promettre  sans  moi,  parceque 
le  procureur  âscal  en  a  à  disposer  conjointement  avec  leun  députés 
selon  la  donation  du  Seminair  de  quebec,  que  vous  avés  lu. 

Surpassons  cela,  moi  de  ma  part  je  vous  prie  par  l'amour  que  vous 
avés  pour  les  biens  eccle^astiques,  de  faire  confirmer  la  concession, 
quoique  que  les  anciennes  possion  [sk\  et  droits  sont  confinn^  dans  la 
paix  entre  les  Américains,  et  Anglois,  je  ne  trouve  pas  Superflues  et 
inutile  cette  confirmation,  ainsi  celle  dans  ma  charge,  que  vous  obtien- 
drés  plus  aisément  en  disant,  que  j'etois  au  scr^-ice  de  l'armée  fran^oise 
auxiliaire  pour  les  états,  comme  vous  sçavés  de  mes  certificats  que  j'ai 
fait  voir  aussi  a  Monteur  Harmar.  A  votre  retour  vous  vous  aurés  a 
saisir  une  belle  habitation  dans  les  quatre  lieues  pour  vos  soines. 

Au  reste  vous  sçavés  les  troubles,  que,  sur  moi,  Monsieur  Gibault, 
Messieurs  les  melîeurs  habitana  des  Kas,  des  Kaos,  de  la  prairie  du 
Rocher  a  mil,  et  mets  tous  les  jours  Mr.De  la  valiniere.corame  il  derange 
la  bonne  intelligence  avec  les  prêtres  espagnols  nos  voiras  ;  faites  nous, 


I 


{Tram^alion.  —  AlUsted.] 
some  doubts,  especially  that  you  asked  also  the  tenth  for  the  confirma- 
tion but  I  have  exposed  you  the  contrary,  and  at  the  same  time  they  are  ■ 
not  capable  of  promising  it  to  you  without  me,  because  the  treasury- 
Procurator  has  the  disposal  of  it  in  conjxinclion  with  their  Deputies 
agreeable  to  the  donation  from  the  Seminary  of  Quebec  which  you  have 
read.' 

Let  that  rest,  on  my  own  part  I  beg  of  you  by  the  zeal  you  have 
for  the  ecdesiastick  good,  to  get  a  confirmation  of  the  concessions 
altho'  the  ancient  possessions  &  rights  have  confirm'd  it  in  the  peace 
between  the  Americans  &  English,  I  do  not  find  superfluous  Si.  needless 
that  confirmation,  as  also  that  in  my  office  which  you  will  obtain  more 
easily  by  saying  that  I  was  in  the  Irencb  auxiliary  army  for  the  states, 
as  you  know  from  my  certificates  which  I  have  shewn  likewise  to  Mr. 
Harmar.  On  your  return  you  shall  have  your  choice  of  a  fine  plantation 
within  four  leagues  for  your  trouble. 

After  all  you  know  the  troubles  in  which  M.  de  la  Valiniere  throws 
Mr.  Gibault,  the  best  inhabitants  of  Kas,  Kaos,  prairie  du  Rocher, 
bas  thrown  &:  throws  every  day,  how  he  deranges  the  good  intelligence 

1  Sm  Itnar  tA  [be  inhsbtiaoU  oo  th«  Mine  wbjeci,  til.  Bill.  CeUettimt,  fi.,  jgj. 


DE  ST.  PIERRE  TO  TARDI\X\U,  SEPTEMBER,    1787     5Ô9 


je  vous  prie,  le  plaisir,  d'exposer  tout  au  venerable  Congress,  a  fin, 
qu'il  voudroit  obliger  Monwcur  Jean  Carrol  prefett  apostolique,  d'otcr 
tout  le  pouvoir  cctlesi astique  si  lui  en  a  donne  {[uelrju'un,  et  le  faire 
sortir  de  notre  pals,  et  confirmer  Monsieur  (iibault  dans  son  ancienne 
charge  de  grand  vicaire,  qu'il  a  toujours  exercé  avec  honcur,  et  sah's- 
faclion  pour  les  confreres,  ceux  de  voisinage,  et  tous  les  chrétiens. 
Aussi  il  est  bien  connu  ciHTime  il  s'a  cmjjloyiî  |K>ur  le  Congress  a  tout 
temps,  j'ai  exposé  te  même  u  Monsieur  Harmar  en  latine,  s£achant, 
quil  aie  bien  instruit  en  cette  langue,  et  je  ne  doute  pas,  qu'il  soutiendrai 
vos  soines  en  ses  lettres  auprès  du  Congress,  j'ai  quelques  comptes 
avec  le  défunt  Carton,  j'en  ai  chargé  Monsieur,  James  James,  qui 
recevraies  labatîrs  avec  (TS  qui  me  reviens,  purt&i  voua  bien  bon  voyage, 
j'ai  l'honneur  d'etre  avec  n's])erl 

Monsieur  Votre  très  humble  et  très  obéissant  serviteur 

De  saint  ?ierke. 

Monsieur  Tardiveau  demeurant  chez  Monsieur  Jean  Bte  Sauvait 
uax  KasKaskias 

excusés  la  petite  carte,  parceque  la  manque  du  papier  en  générale 

[Trattslaiwn.] 

with  the  Spanish  priests  our  neighbors.  Render  us,  I  beseech  you,  the 
service  of  exposing  the  whole  to  the  Honorable  Congress,  that  they  may 
please  to  oblige  Mr.  John  Carrol  Prefet  Apostolick  to  take  all  ecclcsias- 
tical  pow*rs  from  him  if  he  bas  given  him  any,  81  drive  him  out  of  our 
country,  &  confinn  Mr.  Gibault  in  his  former  office  of  Grand  Vicar, 
which  he  has  always  exercised  with  honor  &  satisfaction  to  his  brelhem, 
our  neighbours,  &  all  the  Christians.  It  is  also  well  known  how  he 
has  exerted  himself  for  Congress  at  all  times.  I  have  expos'd  the  same 
to  Mr.  Harmar  in  latin  knowing  that  he  is  welt  learnt  in  thai  tongue 
and  I  don't  doubt  but  he  wilt  sup|H>rt  your  endeavours  in  his  letters  to 
Congress.  I  ha.\v  some  accounts  with  late  Mr.  Carton  &c.  a  good  jour- 
ney. I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  respect,  Sir,  your  most  humble  & 
most  obedient  servant.  Signed  De  Saint  Pierre. 

to  Mr.  Tardiveau  iX  Mr.  Jean  Baptiste  Bauvaïs's 

Kaskaskia. 

1  certify  the  above  to  lie  a  true  &  literal  translation  from  the  original. 

Ncw-york  fcby  7th,  1 788. 

B:  TARDrvTAD, 


• 


I 


570 


ILLINOIS   lUSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Father  De  St.  Pierre  to  Barthelemi  Tarxjweau, 

September  17,  ijS?. 

[C.  C.  pp..  :dviii..  53, -A.  L.  S.J 

Monsieur, 

Je  vous  envoie  les  lettres,  dont  vous  croyés  en  avoir  !)C9oin  ;  en  autre 
ta  revocation  des  toutes  les  calonmics,  que  le  Sieur  bien  connu  a  divulge 
centre  moi  après  avoir  été  convençu  de  leur  fausseté,  qu'il  a  écrit  de  la 
propre  main,  et  faire  affichée  ici,  a  la  Prairie  du  Rocher,  et  aux  Kas. 
Au  sujet  de  fautes,  qu'il  m'a  objccu!  dans  sa  lettre  écrite  aux  habitaas 
de  cette  paroisse  il  vous  faut  faire  quelques  cclaïrcissemcns.  j'aî 
marié  Mr  Reibl  Catholique  avec  Madamoi&s  Camp,  la  Saint  Joseph. 
il  en  a  a  redire,  en  cause,  que  la  dernière  était  protestante;  mais  étant 
d'un  pays,  ou  les  catholiques  et  Protestans  demeurent  ensemble,  comme 
aussi  dans  quelques  provinces  de  France,  ou  je  demeuroîs,  je  conte, 
d'avoir  plus  de  notice  de  pareille  mariage  par  une  sanction  pragmatique 
les  prêtres  catholiques  allemands  sont  contrent»,  de  mariage  des  per* 
sones  de  dliîerans  religions  sons  aucune  dilïïculté.  ainsi  Louis  XVII  a 
ordonné  dans  la  Diocese  de  Marseille,  et  autres  l'an  mil  sept  cent  quatre 


[Tramlation.'-  —  Attested.] 


tl 


Su, 

I  send  you  the  letters  which  you  think  you  stand  in  need  of; 
besides  the  recantation  of  all  the  calumnies  which  the  welMinown 
Gentleman  has  divulg'd  against  me,  after  confessing  the  falscliiHHl  of 
them,  which  he  has  wrote  with  hi:i  own  hand  and  raus'd  to  be  posted 
up  here,  at  Prairie  du  rocher  and  at  Kaskaskia.'  In  regard  to  the  faults 
which  he  has  objected  me  in  his  letter  written  to  the  Inhabitants  of 
this  parish  I  must  enter  into  some  eclairecissments.  I  have  married  Mr. 
Reihl  a  Catholic  with  Miss  Camp  on  St.  Joseph's  day.  He  finds  fault 
with  it,  because  the  latter  was  a  Protestant.  But,  as  I  am  from  a  coun- 
try where  Catholics  and  Protestants  live  together,  as  likewise  in  some 
Provinces  of  France  where  I  Uv'd,  I  think  I  have  more  knowledge  of 
such  marriages.  By  a  Pragmatic  Sanction,  "the  Dutch"  Catholick 
Priests  are  oblig'd  to  marry  persons  of  different  religions  without  any 
difficulty.  Lewis  the  roth  has  ordain'd  it  so  in  the  Diocese  of  Marseilles 
and  others  in  the  year  1 780.    Concerning  the  American  States,  you  know 

Thit  tnniUiion  hw  bwu  priaMl  ia  Am*r.  CaA.  lHh.  Ktttéftktt.  New  Str..  S.,  !fo.  3,  p.  «aj.  1 
*  I>[iiii>Rl  aniw.  p.  54S. 


DE  ST.  PIERRE  TO  TARDIVEAU.  SEPTEMBER  17.  1787     571 

vingt.  ConccraanI  \cs  pays  américains  vous  saves  bien,  qu'on  n'en 
fait  point  <lcâ  diniculiés  a  contraire  le  prefect  apostolique  même  a 
marié  sa  niece  a  un  pnjtestant.  il  f;usoit  une  grande  dtlEcutlé  de  les 
avoir  marié  te  Saint  Joseph  sans  faire  mention  dans  le  registre  de  dis- 
pense de  temps  imthibd  c'est  a  dire  du  Carême,  mais  observas  si  vous 
pbiti  la  coutume  <ii:  ce  jiays,  et  de  plusieurs  autres,  de  marier  cette  fete 
la.  ou  la  coutume  tiens  la  place  de  loix,  il  n'y  a  besoin  de  dispense,  ni 
rfVn  faire  mention  dans  le  registre.  Au  reste  après  son  arrivé  j'ai 
continué  les  fonctions  curiales  a  Sainte  Gcnnevlevc  paroisse  espagnole 
jusque  la  reparation  de  la  maison  destinée  pour  mot  td  était  faite  ou 
j'ai  donné  dispense  de  parentée  a  Monsieur  Pierre  Auhichon,  et  sa 
cousine  Daumur.  il  pretens,  que  sa  venue  m'avolt  oté  de  pouvoir,  de 
les  dispenser,  soupposons,  que  le  Prefect  apostolique  lu!  aie  donné  le 
pouvoir,  de  dispenser,  ce  ne  le  peut  i>a5  étendre  a  l'autre  rive,  ou  il  a 
jamais  eu  le  moindre  pouvoir,  le  maria^,  que  j'ai  fait  ici,  ctoit  aussi 
la  saint  Joseph,  et  d'une  fille,  dont  le  Père  moribund,  et  mort  le  lende- 
main m'ftvoit  prié,  pour  avoir  la  consolation  de  .savoir  mariée  sa  fille 
avant  sa  morte.  Si  ce  Sieur  avoit  été  reçu  comme  grand  Vicaire,  c'etoit 
toujours  un  cas  d'impossibilité  de  recourrir  a  lui 


[Translatîofi  —  Alkstcd.] 
full  well  that  it  makes  no  difficulty  there  ;  on  the  contrary  the  Apostolick 
Préfet  himself  has  married  his  niece  to  a  Protestant.  He  made  a  great 
bustle  because  I  married  them  on  St.  Joseph's  day  without  making  in 
the  register  mention  of  a  dispensation  from  prohibited  time,  \"ut.  the 
Lent.  Biit  please  to  observe  the  custom  of  this  country  and  several 
others  of  marrying  on  that  Ilolyday.  Where  custom  supplies  the  place 
of  laws,  there  is  no  need  of  dispensation  nor  of  mentioning  it  io  the  regis- 
ter. Howl»it,  after  his  arrival  I  have  continued  the  functions  of  Parson 
at  Stc.  Geneviève  a  Spanish  parish,  until)  the  house  which  was  dcslin'd 
for  me  here  was  rcpair'd,  where  I  have  given  di.spcnsation  of  relationship 
to  Mr.  Pierre  Daubichon  and  hiiï  cousin  Miss  Daumur.  He  pretends 
that  his  coming  had  taken  from  me  the  pow'r  of  dispensing,  that  can 
not  extend  to  the  other  shore  where  he  has  never  bad  the  least  pow'r. 
Tbe  marriage  which  I  have  celebratc<l  here  was  also  on  St.  Joseph's 
day,  and  that  was  of  a  giri  whose  dying  father  expir'd  tbe  next  day 
and  had  begg'd  of  me  that  he  might  have  the  consolation  of  seeing 
bis  Daughter  married  before  his  Death.    Had  that  Gentleman  been 


57» 


n.I.TNOIS  IIISTORrCAL  COIXECTIONS 


La  réponse,  que  ^{essieun  les  habitans,  lui  ont  envoyée,  vous  fait 
suffisament  connaitre  les  plaintes,  mus  observ<^  qu'il  ait  écrits 
une  Icllre  ici,  ou  il  traite  Monseigneur  L'Eveque,  et  Monsieur  Mongol- 
fier  grand  \1cairc  de  quvbcc  pour  ses  plusj^ands  inimis,  c'est  pourquoi 
Us  y  Ont  dit,  qu'on  ait  écrit  a  son  sujet  a  ces  Messieurs,  et  que  même 
kur  réponse  favorable  pour  lui  les  ne  déterminera  pcutelre,  de  le  recc\-oîr 
comme  grand  Vicaire,  on  n'en  voulait  pas  par  cela  refuser  Monsieur 
Carrol  comme  le^time  Supérieur  ecclésiastique.  les  habitajis  scavcnt 
au&^  bien  que  le  R.  Prefect  apostolique  ne  puisse  pas  empIo^W  un  prêtre 
suspendu  de  son  Evequc,  sans  être  absolu  auparavant  cl  comme  la  plus 
part  des  Canadiens,  qui  sont  venu  id  l'annce  passée,  nous  ont  assuré 
quil  a  ct<!  buspcndu  en  Canada,  nous  voudrons  savoir,  si'tl  est  absolu, 
ou  non  avant  de  le  recevoir  malgré  que  sa  lettre,  qu'il  pretend,  d'ai'oir 
de  Rdssme  [?]  prefect  apostolique  ne  sont  pas  en  bon  ordre  étant  melei> 
de  l'anglais,  et  latin  et  en  plusieurs  endroits  ratés,  et  intcrlinées. 


I 


\TranstatioH.  —  AtUstfd.] 
receiv'd  as  Grand  Vicar,  still  it  was  a  rase  of  im]K>ssibility  tn  have 
course  to  him. 

The  answer  which  the  Inhabitants  have  made  him  gives  you  sufB- 
ciently  -to  know  the  complaints.  But  ob50r\-c  that  he  has  wrote  here  a 
letter  wherein  he  represents  His  Lordship  the  Bishop  and  Mr.  Mongol- 
fier  Grand  \"icar  of  Quebec  as  his  greatest  enemies,  it  is  for  that  reason 
they  have  told  him  that  they  hai-e  wrote  on  his  accompt  to  those  Gentle- 
men, and  tliat  even  their  favorable  answer  in  his  behalf  will  not  perhaps 
determine  them  to  receive  him  as  Grand  Vicar.  They  don't  mean  by 
that  to  refuse  Mr.  Carrol  as  lawful  ecclesiastical  Superior.  The  Inhab- 
itanU  know  likewise  very  well  thai  the  Worshipful  Apostolic  Prefect 
can  not  employ  a  priest  Suspended  by  his  Bishop  before  he  be  previously 
absolved,  and  as  the  greater  part  of  the  Canadians  who  came  here  laat 
year,  have  affinn'd  to  us  that  he  has  been  susiK-nded  in  Canada,  we 
wou'd  wish  to  know  whether  he  has  been  absolved  or  not  before  we 
receive  htm  altho'  his  letters  which  he  pretends  to  have  from  the  Wor- 
shipful Apostolic  Prefect  be  not  in  good  order  licing  inlermix'd  with 
English  and  Latin,  and  in  several  places  dash'd  and  interlined. 

If  the  bearer  of  this  does  not  set  off  before  the  Court  have  drawn  up 
the  Petition  setting  forth  the  most  grievous  comphunts  against  himy< 
shall  have  it  subjoined  to  these. 


DE  ST.  PIERRE  TO  TARDIVEAU,  SEPTEMBER  17,  1787     573 


.Si  le  porteur  de  presrot  ne  partera  pas  avant,  que  la  cour  aura  f^l 
la  rcquettc  dctaitlanl  les  plaintes  les  plus  grieffes  contre  lut,  \-ous  Taures 
jointe  a  celle  ci.  bon  voyage,  mes  respects  a  Monsieur  Le  colonel,  et 
Mr  Capatain  Zîegler.  peut  être  j'aurai  l'honneur  de  voiis  voir  au  Poste 
Vinrcnncs,  si  vous  ne  quitteras  pas  cet  endroit,  avant  le  mi  octobre, 
j'ai  l'honneur  d'etre  avec  respect  le  plus  profond 

Monaeur  Votre  très  humble,  et  obéissant  sen'iteur 

De  Saint  piebke. 

Au  Kaos  le  17  7bre  1787. 
CPostscript) 

le  calomniateur  aeu  la  malice,  de  dire  a  plusieurs  dans  le  confessional 
même,  au  prune  et  dernièrement  a  Monsieur  Troticr,  que  je  ne  suis 
pas  prêtre  après  qu'il  a  examiné  avec  le  Reverend  Pcre  Bernard,  et 
le  Curé  de  Sainte  Gcnncvîcve  mes  papîtfs,  et  de  cette  calomnie,  dont 
il  a  jamais  dit  l'auteur,  faite  la  revocation  cy  incluse.  Mr.  le  Colonel 
les  a  vu  dernièrement  et  trouvé  en  très  bon  ordre 

A  Monsieur  Monsieur  Tardiveau  demeurant  chez  Monsieur  Jean 
Bte.  fieauvait  aux  Ka^askias. 

[Translation.  —  Atlested.] 

A  good  journey,  my  respects  to  the  Colonel  and  Captain  Zeagler. 
Perhaps  I  shall  haw  the  honor  to  see  you  at  Poste  Vinccnncs  if  you  don't 
leave  that  place  before  the  middle  uf  Oclobcr.  I  havx  the  honor  to  be 
with  the  most  profoun<l  respcrt 

Sir,  Your  most  humble  and  obedient  Servant 
Signed  De  St.  Pieeke. 

Kaos  r7th.  7ber  1787, 
Postscript 

The  Calumniator  has  had  the  malice  to  tell  several  persons  even 
in  the  confess  ion -box,  from  the  pulpit,  and  lately  to  Mr.  Trotier  that 
I  am  not  a  Priest,  after  he  has  cxamin'd  my  papers  with  the  Reverend 
father  Bernard  and  the  Parson  of  Ste.  Geneviève,  and  of  that  calumny, 
of  which  he  has  never  nam'd  the  author,  the  indos'd  recantation  has 
been.  The  Colonel  has  seen  them  lately  and  found  them  la  very  good 
order. 

To  Mr.  Tardiveau  at  Mr.  Jean  Bte.  Beauvais's 

Kaskaskia. 

I  certify  the  above  to  be  a  true  and  literal  translation  from  the 
original.     New-york  feby.  the  ylh  1788.  B:  Tardiveao 


5M 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


INBABITAMTS  OF  KaSKASIOA  ACCCSE  FATHEA  0£  LA  VaUNIÈBE 

September  si,  1787. 
[C.  C.  Pp..  ilviiL    »! .  —  A.  D.  S.] 

Nous  soussignés  certifions  les  faits  suivants  être  sincères  et  vérîtar] 
blés,  savoir 

Que  Kr.  De  la  Valiniëre  curé  de  cette  parroisse  a  voulu  exiger  que| 
les  Nègres  qui  voulaient  se  marier  filiiâent  publiés  comme  le  sont  tes 
blancs  à  ta  messe  parrut&siale,  el  qu'ils  payassent  le  m£me  prix  pour 
avoir  dispenses.  fl 

Que  Mr.  Janis  premier  Capitaine  de  milice  ayant  voulu  mariera 
un  de  SCS  nègres  sans  se  soUmetlre  à  ces  fonnaJités  cl  extortions  sans 
exemple  ledit  Sieur  cun!  a  menacé  de  rexcommuntccr»  et  a  publique- 
ment prêché  contre  lui  d'une  maniferc  également  injurieuse  et  indécente, 
en  l'indiquant  du  geste  et  par  ses  cxprcs^'ons,  disant  qu'il  était  excom- 
muniée H 

Que  ledit  Sieur  de  la  Valinibre  a  déclaré  publiquement  que  Mr.  " 
de  St.  Pierre  ddcvant  curé  de  cette  parroisse  et  actuellement  de  celle 
des  Caholcias  n'était  pas  prêtre.    Qu'ayant  été  Sévèrement  répri-l 
mandé  de  cette  calomnie  par  le  curé  de  St.  I>ouis  il  se  rétracta  pub-J 


{Translation.  —  AUtsUd.'] 

We  the  underwritten  certify  the  following  facts  to  be  Sincere   &j 
true,  Viz.  : 

That  Mr.  De  la  Valiniere,  Parson  of  this  parish,  has  insisted  that 
Negroes  who  intended  to  marry  shnu'd  be  publish 'd  in  the  same  man- 
ner as  the  Whites  are  at  the  Paruchial  Mass,  &  that  they  shou'd  pay 
the  same  pncc  for  licences. 

That  Mr.  Janis,  first  Captain  of  the  militia,  intending  to  many  onO 
of  his  Negromcn  without  submitting  to  these  unexampled  forms  & 
extortions,  said  Mr.  De  la  Valiniere  threaten'd  to  excommunicate  him, 
fir  prearh'd  oi>cnIy  against  him  in  a  manner  equally  indea-tit  &  in- 
jurious, indicating  him  by  his  words  &  gestures,  &  saj-ing  that  he  was 
excommunicated. 

That  Mr.  de  la  Valiniere  has  publickly  declar'd  that  Mr.  Dc  S*^ 
Picnc,  formerly  Parson  of  this  parish  &  now  of  that  of  Cahokia,  was  S 
not  a  Priest.    That,  having  been  severly  reprimanded  for  this  calumny 


I  Tfab  t-r —'"'-—  Imi  Ixcn  ptinlod  Id  Amtr.  Calk.  Bid.  AcMOKfcM,  New  S<r^  B-  Xo.  s.  p.  id» 


L 


INHABITANTS  ACCUSE   VALU^ERE,  SEPT.  ai,  1787       573 


liquement  et  par  écrit;  et  que  néanmoins  il  a  depuis  réitéré,  et  réitère 
encore  celte  sc^uidaleuse  assertion. 

Qu'il  a  voulu  interdire  aux  maris  la  liberté  de  rt'n:plîr  tes  devoirs 
conjugaux  les  Dimanches  et  fêtes,  les  jours  maigres,  et  pendant  le 
carCmc. 

Qu'il  a  obligé  le  Sieur  Corset  Chantre  de  la  parroisse  à  faire  amende 
honorable  dans  l'église  la  torche  h  la  main,  pour  avoir  ondoyé  l'enfant 
de  Mr.  Vital  Sauvais;  et  a  menacé  celui-d  de  l'cxcommunicer  pour 
l'avoir  souffert 

Qu'il  a  fréquement  inaullé  dans  la  chaire  des  personnes  estimables 
des  deux  sexes,  en  les  désignant  de  manière  à  ne  pas  s'y  méprendre. 

Qu'il  a  voulu  exiger  la  dîxmc  du  travail  que  les  maîtres  permettent, 
suivantl'usagc.âlcursntga-sdefairclc  Dimanche  ou  à  certaines  heures 
d'autres  jours  pour  leur  profit  particulier. 

Qu'il  a  incité  des  citoyens  à  faire  revivre  d'andens  procès,  et  à 
renouvtillcr  des  prétentions  éteintes  par  le  tems.  Qu'il  y  a  fait  l'office 
d'Avocat,  de  SoUidteur,  et  de  Rapporteur. 

Qu'il  a  traité  les  prindpaux  habitants  de  torys,  de  rebelles,  de 

[Translation.  —  AttesUd.] 
by  the  Parson  of  St.  Louis,  he  recanted  publickly  &  by  writing  and  that, 
ne\*erthcless,  he  has,  since,  rencw'd,  &  continues  still  to  support  that 
scandalous  assertion. 

That  he  has  endeavour'd  to  prohibit  to  married  people  the  fulfilling 
of  the  matrimonial  duties  on  Sundays  &  Holy  days,  on  all  fast  days  & 
during  the  Lent. 

That  he  has  oblig'd  Mr.  Corset,  Oerk  of  the  parish,  to  make  public 
penance  in  the  church  with  a  burning  taper  in  his  hand,  for  ha\-ing 
given  the  water  of  baptism  to  a  child  of  Mr.  Vital  Bauvais,  &  threaien'd 
this  last  gentleman  with  excommunication  for  having  suffer'd  it. 

That  he  has  frequently  insulted  from  the  pulpit  very  respectable 
persons  of  both  sexes,  indicating  them  so  as  not  to  l>e  mistaken. 

That  he  has  attempted  to  extort  the  Tythc  upon  the  labour  which 
Masters  allow  their  Slaves,  according  to  annent  custom,  on  Sundays 
&  stated  hours  of  other  days  for  their  own  pri^-atc  profit. 

That  he  has  incited  citi/xns  to  renew  Suiwrannuated  lawsuits,  & 
revive  differences  extinct  by  lime.  That  he  has  therein  acted  the  parts 
of  Attorney,  Solicitor  &  States-Attorney. 


I 


S7<S 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


traîtres  &  l'Etal,  et  Séditieux,  parocqu'ils  souiTraient  avec  peine  ]a 
tyrannie  qu'il  voulait  exercer  sur  eux. 

Qu'il  a  reproché  en  chaire  aux  hnbttants,  apri^  1c  départ  du  Colonel 
Harmar,  de  ce  qu'ils  liaient  alld  accompagner  ces  gens  qui  leur  avaient 
fait  tant  de  mal. 

Que  le  nommé  aimé  déclare  que  ledit  S'  de  la  Valinibrc  lui  a  dit 
qu'il  était  bien  aise  de  voir  que  le  Colonel  Harmar  ne  s'était  associé 
en  ce  pays  qu'avec  les  coquins  et  mauvais  Sujets;  ce  qui  comprend, 
à  l'exception  de  trois  ou  quatre  personnes  chères  à  M'  de  la  Valinièrc 
par  une  conformité  de  principes,  tout  le  reste  du  peuple  dont  le  Colonel 
liarmar  a  recomiû  la  dodlïlé  et  Soumission  au  Congrès,  en  mSme  leurs 
qu'il  3  daigné  leur  donner  des  preuves  non  équivoques  de  sa  sensibilité 
pour  leur  attachement  à  sa  personne. 

Qu'il  a  dit  qu'il  n'y  avait  ici  que  trois  ou  quatre  personnes  qui 
pourraient  faire  le  bonheur  du  pays,  et  que  les  habitants  s'y  refusaient; 
Icsciucllcs  trois  ou  quatre  |ier&oniies  si  resiwctées  de  M'  de  la  Vallnière 
sont  odieuses  au  [K-upIc,  ne  cherchent  qu'à  le  tenir  dans  l'esclavage. 
et  ont  calomnié  le  carac  tère  de  la  nation. 


[Transhtion.  —  Attested.] 

That  he  has  call'd  the  principal  inhabltantsTories,  Rebels,  Traitors 
to  the  state  and  Seditious;  because  they  bore  impatiently  the  tjTanny 
which  he  wanted  to  exercise  over  thom. 

That,  after  Col.  llarmar's  departure,  he  upbraided  the  Inhabitants 
from  the  Pulpit,  for  having  accompanied  on  their  return  those  people 
who  had  done  them  so  much  harm. 

That  the  Sieur  Aimé  declares  that  said  M.  De  la  Valinièrc  told  him 
that  he  was  happy  to  see  that  Col.  Ilarmar  had  ajisociated  in  this  country 
with  none  but  the  rascals  &  good-for-nothing  fellow-s;  which  includes 
(with  an  exception  of  three  or  four  persons  d^ar  to  Mr.  De  la  Valiniére 
from  a  conformitj'  of  jjrindpks)  all  the  rest  of  the  people  whose  docility 
&  Submission  to  Congre&s  Col.  Hnrmar  has  acknowleg'd  at  the  same 
time  that  he  was  picas'd  to  give  them  unequivocal  proofs  of  his  Sensi- 
bility to  their  attachment  to  his  person.' 

That  be  has  repeatedly  said  tliat  there  was  here  three  or  four  per- 
sons only  who  might  render  the  countrj-  happy,  8:  that  the  Inhabitants 
were  averse  to  it:  which  three  or  lour  peiaons  so  much  respected  by  M. 

1  Catnpara  anlt,  p.  4t6. 


INHABITANTS  ACCUSE  VALIN'IKRK,  SEPT.  21,  1787       577 

Qu'il  a  (lécliiré  dans  U  chaire  qu'il  était  eo  son  pouvoir  de  faire 
beaucoup  de  mal  aux  liabitaiits,  ayant  1«  dun  des  deux  langues;  et 
qu'il  a  toujours  diercbé  à  les  intimider  en  les  menaçant  d'écrire  au 
Congrès,  et  leur  înanuant  qu'il  ^  avait  beaucoup  de  pouvoir. 

Que  ledit  Sieur  de  U  Valïnière  avait  accoutumé  de  prêcher  avec 
tant  d'emportement  et  si  peu  de  décence  contre  les  principaux  habitants 
que  plusieurs  ge  sont  vus  forcés  h  renoncer  à  aller  à  l 'église. 

Que  ledit  Sîeur,  desservant  tour-à-tour  l'église  de  cette  parroisse 
et  celle  de  la  prairie  du  Rocher  qui  est  éloignée  de  cinq  lieues,  un 
Dimanche  qu'il  était  allé  à  cette  demitre,  le  S*  François  Corset, 
Chantre,  sonna  la  cloche  et,  comme  il  a  toujours  Mè  d'usage  fit  la  prière 
à  laquelle  assistèrent  les  habitants,  et  cntr'autres  ceux  que  la  crainte 
d'être  insultés  avait  cidevatit  obligés  à  s'absenter  de  l'église.  Que  le 
Dimanche  suivant  Mon  dît  Sieur  de  la  Vallnibre  prêcha  avec  sa 
fureur  ordinaire  contre  ceux  qui  avaient  assistés  à  la  prière;  dit  qu'ils 
étaient  excommunicés,  et  leur  dcffcndit  d'entrer  dans  l'église  cq  son 

[Tramlation.  — AtlesUd.] 
De  la  Valinîcie  are  odious  to  the  people,  are  perpetually  endeavoring 
to  keep  them  in  bondage,  and  have  calumniated  the  character  of  the 
nation . 

That  he  has  dcclar'd  from  the  pulpit  that  he  has  it  in  his  pow'r  to 
do  the  Inhabitants  much  harm,  as  he  had  the  advantage  of  speaking 
both  languages:  and  that  he  has  always  stro^-e  to  intimidate  them  by 
threatening  to  write  to  Congress  &  intimatiag  that  be  had  much  in- 
fhience  there. 

That  said  M.  De  la  Valiniére  was  us'd  to  preach  with  so  much  fury 
&  so  little  decency  against  all  the  principal  Inhabitants  that  many  have 
been  oblig'd  to  decline  going  to  church. 

That  said  M.  De  la  ValinJ^re  performs  the  divine  Service  alternately 
in  this  parish  &  that  of  Prairie  du  rocher  distant  6ve  leagues;  &  that, 
he  having  gone  one  Sunday  to  the  latter,  Mr.  francis  Corset,  Clerk  of 
the  church,  nmg  the  bell  at  the  usual  hour,  and  as  it  has  always  been 
practis'd  said  prayers  to  which  were  present  the  Inhabitants,  &  among 
others  those  who,  from  fear  of  being  insulted,  bad  hitherto  absented 
themselves  from  church.  That  the  Sunday  following  M.  De  la  Valinere 
preach'd  with  his  accustom'd  fury  against  those  who  had  asasted  to 
prayers.  Said  they  were  excommunicated,   &  forbid  them  to  enter  the 


L 


5]6  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

abBcnce.  Que  peu  de  terns  après,  le  mime  chose  étant  arrivée,  il  ferma 
ea  dedans  la  porte  de  l'église  le  Dimanche  suivant  a%'ant  de  partir  pour 
la  Prairie  du  rocher. 

Qu'il  a  inlrigud  pour  se  faire  nommer  inteq>ièlc  de  la  Cour,  et  que 
n'y  ajant  pas  réussi,  il  a  prophané  la  cbaire  par  des  reproches  indécents 
aux  habitants  de  l'avoir  refusé. 

Qu'il  a  refusé  d'écouter  en  coafcsuon  et  administrer  les  Sacrements 
à  plusieurs  persomies,  sans  autre  motif  sinon  qu'il  les  balssiul;  et  non 
seulement  a  dénié  les  Secours  de  l'église  à  ces  pcrwmncs,  mais  &  leurs 
enfants  dont  tout  k  crime  était  d'avoir  pour  parents  des  hommes  qui  ne 
pouvaient  s'empêcher  de  désapprouver  les  fureurs  de  M""  de  la  Valinière. 

Que  le  S'  Bienvenu  ayant  acheté  quarante  minuts  de  froment  de 
semence  qui  avait  déjà  payé  la  dîxme  au  Curé,  et  ayant  eu  la  simplicité 
d'aller  lui  demander  s'il  la  devait  encore,  Mondit  Sieur  de  la  Valinière 
non  seulement  lui  dit  qu'il  la  devait  et  l'obligea  de  la  payer  une  seconde 
fois;  mais  encore,  aTm  d'établir  uilte  infâme  doctrine  dans  le  village, 
il  prêcha  sur  ce  sujet  le  Dimiuiche  suivant,  en  a|>ostrophant  indécemment 

{TrartiUuîon.—Atlested,] 
church  in  his  absence.    That  sometime  after,  the  same  thing  having 
happcn'd  he  boiled  the  church-door  inside  the  next  Sunday  before  he 
set  off  for  Prairie  du  rocher. 

That  be  has  canvass'd  to  get  himself  appointed  interpreter  for  the 
Court,  &  not  Succeeding  has  prophan'd  the  pulpit  by  indecent  re- 
proaches to  the  Inhabitants  for  refusing  htm. 

That  he  has  denied  confession  &  the  Sacrament  to  Several  persons, 
for  no  other  reason  but  that  he  hated  them;  &  not  only  has  refus'd 
those  persons  the  Spiritual  Succours  of  the  Church,  but  also  to  their 
children  whose  only  crime  was  lo  be  the  offspring  of  men  who  cou'd 
not  help  censuring  M.  De  la  Valinicre's  furious  Icmpcr 

That  Mr.  Bienvenu  having  purchas'd  forty  Bushels  of  Seed  wheal 
for  which  the  Tythc  had  already  been  paid  to  the  Parson  &  being 
simple  enough  to  go  &  ask  him  if  he  must  pay  it  again,  Mr.  Dc  la  Valîn- 
ierc  not  only  said  he  must,  &  oblig'd  him  to  pay  it  a  second  lime;  but, 
in  order  to  establish  that  iniquitous  doctrine  in  the  village,  he  preach'd 
on  that  aiibjcct  the  following  Sunday,  indecently  calling  Mr.  Bienvenu 
a  fool  &  a  rascal  who  was  either  ignorant  of  or  wanted  to  robb  blm 
of  his  due. 


INHABITANTS  ACCUSE  VAUNIERE,  SEPT.  ai,  1787        579 

Ic  S'  Bitnvcnû  avec  les  épitluStes  de  B4tc  et  coquin  qui  avait  ignoré 
ou  cherché  à  lui  faire  jwrdre  suii  droJL 

Qu'un  grand  nombre  des  habitants  ayans  coûttumc  de  3e  rassembler 
pendant  les  trois  jours  de  Carnaval  dans  la  maison  de  la  Dame  Veuve 
Brazcau  qui  f  réunissait  tous  les  ans  sa  nombreuse  famille  pour  s'^ 
réjouir  ensemble,  Mondtt  Sieur  de  la  Valinière  prêcha  qu'ils  s'assem- 
blaient pour  parler  d'affaires  d'état;  qu'il  en  instruirait  le  Congrès; 
qu'ils  devaient  craindre  d'CLrc  anéantés;  qu'il  savait  parler  les  deux 
langues,  et  les  ferait  périr. 

Que  M'  Janis  ajant  voulu  faire  dire  des  messes,  pour  lesquelles 
on  a  toujours  payé  quarante  sous  en  denrées  du  pays,  Bons  du  Roi 
d'Espagne,  ou  pelleterie,  Mondît  Sieur  de  la  Valinïère  a  voulu  exiger 
quarante  sous  en  argent  sonnant  ou  quatre  francs  en  pelieterie,  ou  cent 
sous  en  Bons.  Qu'il  a  voulu  lui  persuader  de  faire  allumer  pendant  la 
Messe  un  grand  nombre  de  chandelles,  disant  que  chacune  d'elles  valait 
et  a\-ait  autant  de  mérite  qu'une  messe.  Cette  assertion  sacrilège  était 
dictée  par  le  plus  vil  intcréc,  parceque  les  chandelles,  éteintes  aussitôt 
la  messe  ditte.  restent  au  Curé  Suivant  l'usage. 

Que  Mondît  Sieur  de  la  Valinière  ne  monte  pirsque  jamais  en  chaire 
pour  y  annoncer  la  parole  de  Dieu;  mais  pour  invectiver  contre  ses 
Parroissiens. 

[Tramîatûm.  —  Atifsied.] 

Thaï,  it  being  customary  for  a  great  number  of  the  inhabitants  to 
meet  together  on  the  three  last  days  of  Carnival  in  the  house  of  if  istrcss 
Brazcau,  who  was  us'd  once  every  year  to  convene  her  numerous  family 
in  order  to  be  merry  together,  M.  De  la  Valiniere  preached  that  they 
assembled  to  talk  of  State-business;  that  he  wou'd  inform  Congress 
of  it;  that  they  must  fear  being  annihilated;  that  he  had  the  gift  of 
both  languages  &  wou'd  destroy  them. 

That  Mr.  Janis  haWng  cmploy'd  him  to  say  Mass,  the  price  of  which 
lias  always  been  two  Vivres  in  produce,  Spanish  Bons  or  Peltry,  M.  De 
la  Valiniere  insisted  upon  two  livres  in  Specie,  four  in  peltry,  or  live  in 
Bons,  that  he  wanted  to  persuade  him  to  have  a  great  many  candles 
burning  during  Mass,  Saying  that  each  candle  was  as  meritorious  as  a 
Mass.  This  Sacrilegious  assertion  was  dictated  by  the  ^-ilest  interest,  be- 
cause agreeable  to  custom  the  candles,  after  Mass,  belong  to  the  Parson. 

That  M.  Dc  la  Valiniere  never  hardly  ascends  the  pulpit  to  preach 
the  word  of  God;  but  only  to  insult  his  parishioners. 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Qu'il  a  encore  tout  récemment  dît  à  M""  Barbeau  Lieutenant  de 
comté  pour  ce  district  et  babitant  de  la  Prairie  du  rocher  qu'il  inter- 
dirait l'église  de  celte  parroisac,  parcequc  M'  de  St.  Pierre  J  a  dit  ia 
Messe  en  passant,  ^Ê 

En  conséquence  de  tous  ces  faits  et  d'un  grand  nombre  d'autres  quê^ 
nous  passons  sous  silence,  les  Sousignés  soni  d'a%-îs  que  M'  de  la 
Valinitre  est  un  perturbateur  de  repos  public;  un  homjne  dangereux 
par  la  pétulance  de  son  caractère,  par  le  despotisme  tliéocratiquc  avec 
lequel  il  voudrait  nous  gou^-erncr,  par  la  violence  de  ses  passions,  pai 
les  aiax.imes  qu'il  cherche  à.  établir,  et  que  nous  crevons  contraires  aux  { 
constitutions  Américaines,  à  la  saine  raison,  et  aux  bonnes  moeurs. 
Délibéré  aux  Kaskaskias  le  ïi*  jour  de  7*^**   1787. 

Nous  ajouterons  seulement  que  ledit  Sieur  de  la  Valiaîèrc  a  refusé 
d'aller  baptizer  la  négresse  du  Sieur  Bienvenu  laquelle  était  à  l'article 
de  la  mort,  et  à  un  gardon  sauvage  demeurant  chez  M''  Janîs. 
Vital  BAtJVAis  Jaxis  Thimote  de  Mombr£i;n 

Laciianse  L  Brazaux       J.  S.  G.  Baixvais 

[Translatùni.  —  Aitcskd.} 

That  he  has  latterly  said  to  Mr.  Barbeau,  County-Lieu  ten  ant  ol' 
this  District  &  inhabitant  of  Prairie  du  rocher,  that  he  wou'd  intedict 
the  church  of  that  parish,  because  Mr.  De  St  Pierre  Said  Mass  there 
as  he  went  by. 

In  consequence  of  all  these  facts  &  a  great  number  of  others  which 
we  pass  over  in  Silence,  the  Unilcrwritlcn  arc  of  opinion  that  M.  Dc 
la  Valinicrc  is  a  perturbator  of  the  public  peace,  a  dangerous  man  by 
the  fury  of  his  disposition,  the  thro'cratick  despotism  with  which  he 
wants  to  govern  us,  the  violence  of  his  passions,  &  the  maxims  which 
he  strives  |o  establish  &  which  wc  judge  contrary  to  the  American 
Constitution,  to  Sound  reason  &  g<X)d  morals. 

Deliberated  at  Kaskaskia  the  ai"  day  of  y*»"  1787. 

We  shall  only  add  that  Mr.  De  la  Vatiniere  has  refus'd  to  go  & 
baptize  Mr.  Bienveiiu's  Negro-wench  who  was  on  the  point  of  death, 
as  also  an  Indian  boy  living  at  Mr.  Janis's. 

Signed,  Vital  Bauvais,  La  cha.nse,  Janis,  L  Brazeau  Tbiuot£ 

DE  MoN'BEEtT.N,  J.  S.  G.  BaUVAK. 

I  certify  the  above  to  be  a  true  &  literal  translation  from  the  ori^*naL 
New-york,  feb*"  S***  1 788.  B.  Tardiveau 


I 


CARROLL  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  MAY  5,  i^    581 


Rbvebend  John  Cabkoll  lo  the  Bishop  of  Quebec^ 
Mays,  I78&- 
{Anihicpucupal  Arehive»,  Quebec  —  A,  L.  S.J 
MONSEIONEtTK, 

La  nécessité  dans  laquelle  je  roe  trouve  de  demander  à  V.  Grandeur 
des  (ïclaircissemens  sur  une  madère  assez  délicate  me  procure  en  même 
tems  l'honneur  de  témoigner  à  elle  la  vénération  dont  je  suis  pénétré 
|)our  son  caractère  et  ses  vertus  épiscopales. 

Encouragé  par  les  attestations  favorables  dont  Mr  Huet  de  la  Val'i- 
nifcrc  étoit  muni  àc  la  part  de  ses  supérieurs  ecclésiastiques  du  Canada, 
j'ai  reçu  trfcs  volontiers  ses  offres  pour  se  rendre  aui  Illinois  cl  l'y  ai 
nommé  mon  Mcairc  général.  Depuis  son  départ,  j'ai  reçu  des  lettres 
écrites  du  poste  Si  Vincent,  écrites  par  un  autre  prôtre  qui  s'appelle 
Gibcau,  et  qui  m'annonce  qu'il  a  été  lui-même  Vicaire  Général  des 
Evêqucs  de  Québec  dans  ce  pays  depuis  dix-neuf  ans.  Voilà,  Monseig- 
neur, sur  quoi  je  voudroîs  être  instruit,  &  que  j'ose  demander  des  édair- 
cissemens  à  V.  Grandeur;   surtout  depuis  que  des  rapports  me  sont 

[Tramlation.*] 
Monseickf.cte: 

The  necessity,  in  which  I  find  myself,  ni  asking  your  Lordship  for 
light  on  a  rather  delicate  matter  affords  mc  at  the  same  time  an  oppor- 
tunity to  assure  you  of  the  esteem  I  entertain  for  your  character  and 
episcopal  virtues. 

Encouraged  by  the  favorable  recommendations  with  which  M. 
Huet  de  la  Valinière  was  supplied  by  his  ecclesiastical  superiors  in 
Canada,  I  very  willingly  accepted  his  offer  to  go  to  the  Illiiioia  and  I 
have  named  him  ray  vicar  general  there.  Since  he  left,  I  have  received 
letters  written  at  Post  Vincennes  by  anotlter  priest  named  Gibault,  who 
tella  me  that  for  nineteen  )'ear3  he  himself  has  been  in  that  section  vicar 
general  of  the  bishops  of  Quebec.  I:  is  about  tJiis,  Monseigneur,  that 
I  should  like  to  be  instructed,  and  upon  which  I  dare  lo  ask  your  Lord- 
ship to  throw  some  light;  especially  since  reports  have  reached  me  con- 

■  Mi  ihe  letirn Fictungrd  Imwrati  Kraraid  tohn  Curoll,  Rkhiipof  Rail f mare,  iiul  it»  BEihop 
of  Qufbcc.  |uin(Rl  in  iliis  rolumejiaic  bMn  pUblUhcd  >o  triiulaiioa  by  AIM  I..  lindsty  in  Ibe 
IttiBrit  «J  Iht  Amm.an  Cjikalù  Bblarkal  Sotitly  •/  PkiladtlfJiM,  KVili.,  a,  p.  15;  rt  Mf.  TU* 
lirK  Idler  «m  iba  |irintat  in  traniktioa  hf  Shn,  in  hoi  lÀJt  *l  AnÀiiihop  Carntl,  4M1. 


583 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


pancnus  touchant  Mi>nsr  Gibeau  tr%&  désavantageux  par  rapp< 
sa  conduite. 

J'ai  appris,  il  y  a  déjà  quelque  tcms,  que  V.  Grandeur  Iruuvoit 
à  mui  de  m'ingércr  dans  \c  gou\'crnt:nicnl  cccl&î  as  tique  du  pays 
Illinois.  Je  t'ai  fait  parce  que  je  Vaî  cru  compris  dans  ma  jurisdîc 
et  ([ue  je  n'avois  pas  aucune  idée  que  V.  Grandeur  eut  étendu  jus 
ces  contrées  ses  soins  pastorales.  Aucun  mulif  d'ambition  ne 
a  port^;  et  à  elle  se  propose  de  poun'oir  h.  leurs  besoins  spirituels, 
me  tirera  d'un  très  grand  embarras,  et  déchargera  ma  conscience  < 
fardeau  qui  lui  pèse  extrêmement.  Kn  ce  cas,  ma  seule  inquié 
serolt  que  les  Elats  Unis  ne  voudroient  pas  peut-être  souffrir  l'cxc: 
du  pouvoir  même  spirituel  d'un  sujet  Britannique. 

J'ai  l'honneur  d'être  avec  le  dévouement  le  plus  rcspcctueiu 
V.  G.,  Monseigneur,  te  tr^  humble  cl  trÈs  obéissant  serviteur,    M 

J.  Carroll,  ' 

Supérieur  ecclésiastique  dans  les  Etats  Un 

Baltimore,  ce  5  de  mai  1788. 

Des  lettres  envoyées  par  la  voj-c  rie  la  Nouvelle  York  m'arrive 
en  sûreté. 

(  Translation.] 
ceming  M.  Gibault's  conduct  that  arc  very  unfavorabL-  to  him. 

I  learned,  some  time  ago,  that  your  Lordship  was  dissatis6cd 
tnc  because  1  meddled  in  the  ecclesiastical  goi'cmmciit  uf  the  ILli: 
I  did  so  because  1  believed  it  was  included  in  my  jurisdiction,  and  I 
no  idea  that  your  Lordship  extended  his  pastoral  care  to  those  regi 
No  motive  of  ambition  actuated  me;  and  if  you  propose  to  providi 
the  spiritual  needs  there,  you  will  sa\-c  me  from  great  embarrassment 
relieve  my  conscience  of  a  burden  which  weighs  very  heavily  upo 
In  such  an  event,  my  only  anxiety  would  be  that  the  United  Si 
would  not  allow  the  exercise  of  power,  c^'cn  of  a  spiritual  nature, 
subject  of  Great  Britain. 

1  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  the  most  respectful  devotion,  ; 
Lordship's  very  humble  and  ver)'  obedient  sen-ant, 

J.  Cahroli-, 
Ecclesiastical  Superior  of  the  United  St 

Baltimore,  May  5,  178S. 

Letters  sent  me  by  way  of  New  York  will  reach  me  safely. 


GIBAULT  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  MAY  aa,  1788    583 

Fatheh  Gjbaolt  to  the  Bishop  of  Qdebec, 
May  22, 1788.' 
[Atchlqibcopa.1  Arehiv«s,  Quebec  —  A.  L-  S.] 
MONSEIGKEDB, 

n  paroit  paj-  votre  silence  que  vous  avez  oublia  jiisqu'à  une  réponse 
sur  des  articlea  où  je  devois  ndccssiLircmcnt  être  embarrassé  et  dont 
L'éclaircissement  de  votre  part  ne  pouvoit  souffrir  un  si  long  dél^'. 
L'étal  malheureux  où  vous  me  supposiez  il  y  a  deux  ou  trois  ans  auroit 
do  voua  donner  assez  de  compassion  pour  ne  pas  oublier  entièrement  UD 
prêtre  qui  n'a  cessez  un  seul  moment  de  la  vie  de  sacrifier  non  seule- 
ment ses  aises  ol  son  repos,  mais  d'exposer  sa  propre  vie  à  la  fureur  des 
Barbares  pour  remplir  son  ministère  dans  les  mêmes  vues  et  avec  les 
mtoics  intentions  qu'il  en  avoît  fait  le  sacrifice  entre  les  mains  de  son 
Evtque.  Je  n'aiiroi»  cependant  pas  dû  m'attendre  à  cette  oublie, 
puisque  j'ay  oté  sans  peine  ce  qui  pouvoit  donner  des  soupçons,  quoiqu*- 
injuate,  sur  ma  façon  de  vivre.  H  y  a  plus  d'un  an  que  non  seulement 
je  n'ay  point  de  boisson  chez  moy  mais  je  n'en  bois  pas  même  un  coup, 
n'y  vin  n'y  eau  de  vie,  je  n'y  pense  point,  ce  n'est  point  un  voeux,  ce 

Monseigneur  : 

It  seems  by  your  silence  that  you  have  forgotten  even  to  send  an 
answer  to  some  matters  which  necessarily  cause  me  some  embarrass- 
ment, and  concerning  which  an  explanation  from  you  should  not  be 
so  long  delayed.  The  wretched  condition,  in  which,  some  two  or  three 
years  ago,  yuu  thought  me  to  be,  ouj^ht  to  have  ^ven  yuu  enough  com- 
passion not  tu  forget  entirely  a  priest  who  has  not  ceased  for  a  single 
moment  of  his  life  to  sacnQœ  nut  only  his  pleasures  and  rest  but  also 
to  expose  his  own  life  to  the  fury  of  the  barbarians,  in  order  to  fulfill 
his  ministry  with  the  same  views  and  with  the  same  intentions  with  which 
he  made  the  sacrifice  between  the  hands  of  his  bishop.  There  was  do 
reason  that  I  should  ex]>ect  this  neglect,  since  I  have  removed  without 
diiBculty  whatever  might  have  given  cause  for  suspicion,  however 
unjust,  uf  my  manner  of  Uving.  It  has  been  more  than  a  year  since  I 
have  had  no  liquor  at  my  house,  and  I  do  not  even  drinJi  a  swallow  now 

>  Tbb  mi  prinUd  bjr  the  tâilae  is  tU  Amtr.  Hiri.  fUvkai.  XIV  ,Jio.s.p.  jj«. 


Sii  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIOÎ 

n'est  point  noo  plus  un  5acri6cc,  car  quoiqu'on  ail  pu  vous  rapporter, 
je  n'ay  jamais  eu  d'attache  à  aucune  boisson,  qu'une  certaine  mode 
de  boire  un  coup  d'eau  de  vie  en  voyageur,  ny  pensant  seulement  paa 
quand  je  n'en  avois  pas.  H  falloit  donc  que  ceux  qui  vous  ont  rapporté 
des  abominations  aussi  affreuses  que  celles  dont  vous  me  parlé  dans 
votre  dernière  lettre  ayent  été  poussé  par  le  père  du  mensonge,  ou  que 
je  les  eusse  lepris  trop  fortement  sur  leurs  vices  et  mauvaise  conduite, 
car  je  ne  vois  point  d'autres  causes  de  leur  calomnie.  Il  seroil  inutile 
de  vous  répéter  ce  que  je  vous  ay  dit  si  au  long  dans  ma  dernière,  il 
vaudroit  bien  mieux  que  je  fusse  sous  vos  yeux  que  d'£tre  si  éloigné. 
Je  vous  prie  dune  en  conséquence  de  considérer  que  voila  vingt  ans 
passé  que  je  dessers  ces  contrées,  sans  arrets,  sans  pour  ainsi  dire  &ans 
demeure  fixe,  presque  toujours  en  voyage,  dans  toutes  tes  saisons  de 
l'année,  toujours  exposé  à  être  massacré  par  les  Barbares  comme  une 
infinité  de  persaimes  l'unt  été  dans  les  mêmes  roules,  et  môme  dernière- 
ment le  Sr  Paul  Oesruisseaux  que  vous  devez  avuir  connu  à  Québec 
tué  et  le  Sr  Bonvouluir  blessé  si  près  de  moy  que  j'étois  tout  couvert  de 

[Transiaiùm.'] 
and  then,  cither  of  wine  or  of  brandy.  I  think  no  longer  about  it.  It 
is  not  a  vow,  nor  is  it  a  sacrifice;  for,  whatever  may  ha\-e  been  related 
to  you,  I  never  had  any  attachment  (or  any  kind  of  drink,  and  never  did 
miore  than  drink  a  swallow  of  brandy,  as  a  traveler  will,  not  even  think- 
ing about  it  when  I  had  none.  It  must  be  that  those  who  told  you 
abominations  so  atrocious  as  those  you  mention  in  your  last  letter  were 
incited  by  the  father  of  ties,  or  it  must  be  that  I  reproved  them  too 
strongly  concerning  their  vices  and  had  conduct,  for  I  do  not  see  any 
other  cause  for  their  calumny.  It  would  be  useless  to  repeat  what  I 
said  to  you  with  such  detail  in  my  last  letter.  It  would  be  much  better 
for  mc  to  be  under  your  very  eyes  than  so  far  away.  I  beg  you,  there- 
fore, to  consider  that  for  the  last  twenty  years  I  have  been  continuously 
serving  in  tbeseregionswithout  having  a  fixed  place  of  abode  so  to  speak, 
that  I  have  been  almost  always  on  the  road,  in  all  seasons  of  the  year, 
always  running  the  risk  of  being  massacred  by  the  barbarians,  as  a 
number  of  persons  ha^x  been  on  these  same  roads.  Even  recently  AI. 
Paul  Desruisseaux,  whom  you  must  have  known  at  Quebec,  was  kitted, 
and  M.  Bonvouloir  was  wounded  so  near  to  me  that  I  was  all  covered 


GIBAULT  TO  THE   BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC,  MAY  22,  1788    585 

leur  Bong;  mon  age  de  cinquante  un  ans  accompli,  le  besoin  que  j'ay 
d'être  plus  R'cucilli,  aitrÈs  lanl  tie  dissipalions  qu'cntrcîncnt  prcsqu'- 
îndvitablement  tant  ilc  voyages  et  àc  si  longs  cours,  la  n5pugnance  que 
j'ay  à  servir  sous  un  autre  «îv^uc  soit  en  Espagne  ou  en  Amérique  repu* 
blîcaînc,  et  mille  autres  raistins,  tout  cela,  dis-jc,  bien  considéré,  j'espère 
de  votre  bonté  mon  rapel,  que  je  vous  demande  instament  et  à  genoux 
et  je  croîs  sui\TC  en  cela  la  volonté  de  Dieu  qui  me  l'inspire  pour 
mon  salut-  F.t  jKiur  l'opjwsition  ou  la  crainte  que  j'aye  été  ou  que  je 
fusse  porté  pour  le  République  américaine,  vous  n'avez  qu'à  relire  ma 
première  lettre  ou  je  vous  rends  compte  de  notre  prise  et  ma  dernière 
ou  je  V0113  en\'oye  un  certificat  de  ma  conduite  au  poste  Vinccnnes,  dans 
la  prise  duquel  on  dîsoit  que  j'avois  trempé,  et  vous  verrez  que  non 
seulement  je  ne  me  suis  mêlé  de  rien,  mais  au  contraire  j'ay  toujours 
regretté  et  regrette  encore  tous  les  jours  les  douceurs  du  Gouvernement 
Briltanniquc.  Pour  les  secours  spirituels  des  peuples  de  ces  pays  je 
peux  vous  assurer  qu'ils  n'en  manqueront  encore  moins  qu'autrefois 
puisqu'ils  ont  un  prêtre  aux  Kaskaskias,  un  autre  aux  Kabokias  et 

[Tramlatùm.] 

wiih  ihfir  blood.  My  age  of  more  than  fifty-one  years,  the  need  I  have 
of  being  better  sheltered,  after  so  many  hardships  wliich  inevitably 
accompany  so  many  journeys  and  long  trips,  the  repugnance  I  have  in 
serving  another  bishop  either  in  Spain  or  in  republican  America,  and  a 
thousand  other  reasons,  all  these,  I  say,  well  considered,  lead  me  to  ex- 
pect from  your  generosity  my  recall,  which  t  ask  of  you  at  once  and  on 
my  knees,  and  in  this  I  believe  I  am  fotlowing  the  will  oE  God  who  in- 
spires me  for  my  ami  salvation.  And  as  for  opposition  to  me  because  of 
the  fear  that  I  may  have  Ijcen  or  was  active  for  the  American  Republic, 
you  ha%'e  only  to  reread  my  first  letter  in  which  I  give  you  an  account 
of  our  capture,  and  my  last  letter  in  which  I  sent  you  a  certificate  of  my 
conduct  at  Post  Vincenncs,  in  the  capture  of  which  they  said  I  had  taken 
a  hand  ;  and  you  \^'ill  see  that  not  only  did  I  not  meddle  vdth  anything, 
but  on  the  contrary  I  havx*  always  regretted  and  do  regret  every  day  the 
loss  of  the  mildness  of  British  rule.  As  for  the  spiritual  succor  of  the 
people  in  these  regions,  I  can  assure  you  that  they  will  lack  less  than  here- 
tofore,  for  they  have  a  priest  at  Kaskasfcia,  another  one  at  Cahokia,  and 


L 


586 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


qu'ils  ne  seroient  pas  longtems  sans  en  avoir  un  au  poste  de  Vincennes 
si  j'en  sortois,  étant  le  poste  favori  du  Congrès. 

Ainsi,  Monseigneur,  tout  conspire  à  me  faire  espérer  mon  rape!  el 
le  plutôt  sera  le  meilleur,  car  lo  tcms  qui  s4^pare  l'effet  des  désirs  est 
toujours  tris  long.  Je  l'cspfcrc  ardemment  et  je  sacrî&eray  le  reste  de 
mes  jours  h.  vous  en  témoigner  ma  reconnaissance.  C'est  dans  cette 
espérance  que  j'ay  l'honneur  d'être,  Monseigneur,  De  Votre  Grandeur, 

Le  très  humble,  tris  obéissant  et  tris  soumis  serviteur, 

P.  GcBAULT,  Prêtre. 
Au  poste  Vincennes 
I-e  33C  may  1788. 

[Translatwn,] 
thcy  would  not  be  long  without  one  at  Post  Vinncenes  were  I  to  leave, 
since  it  is  the  post  favored  by  Congress. 

Thus,  Monseigneur,  all  conspires  to  make  me  hope  for  my  recall, 
and  the  sooner  the  better,  for  the  time  which  separates  the  fulfillment 
from  the  desire  is  always  long.  I  earnestly  hope  for  it,  and  I  shall 
sacrifice  the  rest  of  my  days  in  showing  you  my  gratitude  for  it.  It  is 
with  this  hope  that  I  have  the  honor  to  be.  Monseigneur,  your  Lord- 
ship'», 

Very  humble,  very  obedient,  and  very  submissive  servant, 

P.  GiBAOLT,  Priest. 
At  Post  Vincennes,  May  2a,  178S. 


Tbe  Bishop  of  Quebec  to  Kicbt  Kevesend  John  Carrûll, 

October  3,  1788. 

[ArchiepEiciapal  Archie-»,  Quebec  —  Copy.] 

Quebec,  6  Octobre  1 788. 
A  Monsieur  J.  Carroll, 

Préfet  Apostolique,  à  Batlimore. 

Monsieur, 

\'otre  lettre  du  5  mai  m'ayanl  été  remise  il  y  a  peu  de  temps,  Je  me 

[Transiatùm.] 

Quebec,  October  6,  1788. 
M.  J.  Carroll, 

Prefect  Apostolic  at  Baltimore. 
Su: 

Your  letter  of  May  5,  having  only  lalely  been  handed  to  me,  1  make 


BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC  TO  MR.  CARROLL,  OCT.  3,  1788     587 

metsen  devoir  d'y  répandre  et  de  vous  satisfaire  sur  lesobjets  qu'elle 
renferme. 

Son  Eminence  Monseigneur  le  Cardinal  Antonellï  ayant  appris  que 
Mr  De  la  Valinière  et  Mr  l'abbë  Si  Pierre  étoient  envoyés  aux  Illinois 
a\tc  des  pouvoirs  de  votre  part,  écrivit  h,  Mr  de  Villars,  Vicaire  généra] 
de  l'Evtque  de  Québec  à  Paris,  pour  lui  demander  là-dessus  des  é- 
claircissemens,  disant  que  la  S.  Congrégation  de  la  Propagande  étoît 
dans  ia  plus  grande  obscurité  par  rapport  à  ce  fait.  Sur  le  rapport  de 
Mr  de  Villars,  Monseigneur  Desgty,  mon  prédécesseur  défunt,  écrivit 
l'année  demifere  en  ces  termes  :  "  Par  le  traite  de  paix  de  1 783,  les  terres 
si.ws  au  sud  du  fleuve  St  Laurent  depuis  le  45e  degré  de  latitude,  ayant 
été  cédées  aux  Angloéaméricaïns,  et  les  Illinois  se  trouvant  dans  cette 
partie,  l'Evèque  de  QU'ébec  n'y  a  envoyé  aucun  missionnaire  permanent 
depuis  cette  époque;  il  est  même  à  présumer  que  le  gouvernement  le 
trouveroit  mauvais,  de  sorte  qu'on  laissera  les  choses  oii  elles  en  sont 
jusqu'à,  nouvel  ordre.  Il  paroît  qu'en  effet  De  la  Valiniire  et  Mr  De 
St  Pierre  ont  été  députés  dans  le  pays  des  Illinois  pax  le  Préfet  Apos- 
tolique de  la  Nouvelle*Angleterrc.    J'ignore  l'étendue  de  leurs  pouvoirs 

[Transfation.] 

it  my  duty  to  reply  to  it  and  to  satisfy  you  about  the  subjects  of  whîcb 
it  treats. 

His  Eminence  Cardinal  AntoncUi,  having  learned  that  M.  De  la 
VaJinière  and  the  Abbé  de  St.  Pierre  had  becû  sent  to  the  Illinois  with 
faculties  from  you,  wrote  to  M.  dc  Villars,  vicar  general  at  Paris  of 
the  bishop  of  Quebec,  to  ask  him  for  iaformation  thereon,  saying  that 
the  Sacred  Congregation  of  Propaganda  was  utterly  in  the  dark  in  rela- 
tion to  this  fact.  Upon  the  repwrt  of  M.  dc  Villars,  Bishop  Desgîy.  my 
deceased  predecessor,  wrote  last  year  in  these  terms:  "By  the  treaty 
of  peace  of  1783,  the  country  situated  south  of  the  St.  Lawrence  river 
from  the  45th  degree  of  latitude  having  ijccn  ceded  to  the  Anglo-Ameri- 
cans, and  the  Illincns  being  within  this  portion,  the  Bishop  of  Quebec 
has  not  sent  any  permanent  missionary  there  k nee  that  time;  it  is  even 
presumable  that  the  government  w^uld  take  it  in  bad  part  if  he  did 
so.  Hence  things  will  be  left  as  tbey  ore  until  a  new  order  is  established. 
It  appears,  indeed,  that  M.  de  la  Valinière  and  M.  dc  St.  Pierre  were 
appointed  to  the  Ulinois  regiun  by  the  prefect  apostolic  of  New  fjlg- 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


doDt  ils  ne  me  rendent  aucun  compte,  et  du  reste  je  suis  disposé  &  ne 
les  pas  inquiéter  là-dessus  &c." 

Voilà,  Mimsicur,  quels  (îtuîenl  les  sentîmens  de  mon  prédécesseur 
au  sujet  de  ces  missions.  Il  est  vrai  qu'elles  sont  incontestablement 
du  diocfcsc  de  Québec  suivant  nus  titres  primordiaux,  et  même  que  le 
Séminaire  de  Québec  a  été  longtemps  en  possesion  de  nommer  un 
supérieur  pour  celle  des  Tamarois,  prérogative  dont  le  dit  Séminaire  ne 
s'est  défait  qu'en  faveur  de  TEvâque  de  Québec  Mais  quoiqu'il  en 
soit,  je  crois  qu'il  est  prudent  de  nous  accommoder  jusqu'à  nouvel  ordre 
aux  circonstances  du  temps,  et  quoique  je  n'iue  pas  la  li)M;rté  de  souscrire 
au  démembrement  de  cette  partie  de  mon  Uioc^  sans  le  consentement 
de  mon  Coadjuteur  et  de  mon  clergé,  la  divine  Providence  ayant  permis 
que  les  Illinois  &c  soient  tombés  en  la  puissance  des  Etats  Unis  dont 
la  conduite  spirituelle  est  confiée  à  vos  soins,  je  vous  supplie  instamment 
de  vouloir  bien  continuer  proviaonnellement  &  poun'oir  ces  missions, 
attendu  qu'il  me  stToil  difficile  d'y  pourvoir  moi-mffme  sans  dimncr 
pcut-itrc  quelque   ombrage  au  gouvernement  Britannique.     I>cs  td- 


I 


[TranslalioH.] 

land.  I  do  not  know  the  exten  C  of  their  faculties  of  whicli  they  render  no 
account  to  me  ;  and,  as  for  the  rest,  I  am  not  disposed  to  disturb  tbem 
about  it,  etc." 

Such,  sir,  were  the  sentiment!;  of  my  predecessor  on  the  subject 
of  these  missions.     It  is  true  that  they  are  incontestibly  in  the  diocese 
of  Quebec  according  to  our  original  grant,  and  also  that  the  Seminary  ^ 
nF  Quebec  for  a  long  time  had  the  right  to  nominate  a  superior  amongfl 
the  Tamarois,  a  prerogative  which  the  said  seminary  reagned  only  in 
favor  of  the  bishop  of  Quebec.    Be  that  as  it  may,  I  believe  it  is  prudent  ^ 
for  us  under  the  circumstances  to  accommodate  ourselves  until  a  new  fl 
order  adjusted  to  the  circumstances  of  ihe  time  is  inaugurated.    .-M- 
though  I  am  not  at  liberty  to  assent  to  the  dismemberment  of  this  part  ^ 
of  my  diocese  without  the  conKnt  of  my  coadjutor  and  of  my  clergy,  ■ 
Divine  ProA-idcncc  having  permitted  the  Illinois,  etc.  to  fall  into  the 
power  of  the  United  States,  the  spiritual  charge  of  which  is  confided 
to  your  care,  Î  urgently  beseech  you  to  continue  for  the  present  to  pro- 
vide for  these  mi.wions,  as  it  would  be  difficult  for  me  to  supply  them  my- 
self without  perhaps  ^ving  some  offense  to  the  British  gowmmcnt- 


BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC  TO  MR.  CARROLL,  OCT.  3,  178S     589 

moignages  qu«  l'on  rend  dc  toutes  paris  à  votre  vertu  me  persuadent 
que  les  6<lèles  dc  ces  quartiers  se  réjouiront  de  voua  avoir  pour  supérieur 

ecclésiastique. 

Il  est  \Tai  que  Mr  Gibeau  fut  nommé  it  y  a  ao  aiis  Vicaire  général 
pour  k  pays  des  Illinois.  Mais  depuis  ce  temps  le  siège  episcopal  de 
Québec  a  changé  deux  fois  dc  possesseur  sans  que  ses  pouvoirs  aient 
Été  renouvelles.  Des  plaintes  de  différentes  espèces,  et  surtout  un 
soupçon  de  trahisson  envers  le  Gouvernement,  out  donné  à  mes  prédéces- 
seurs de  l'éloigncment  pour  sa  personne,  tellement  que  je  me  propose 
dc  ne  lui  dormer  désormais  aucun  emploi  ;  la  chose  sen>it  ])lus  fadlc  dc 
votru  côté 

J'ai  reçu  une  lettre  de  lui  cette  année  par  laquelle  il  demande  à 
revenir  dans  la  province  dc  Québec.  Après  les  idées  désavantageuses 
qu'a  confu  de  lui  le  Gouvernement,  je  ne  puis  prudemment  omscntir 
à  son  retour.  Néanmoinssî  vous  jugez  à  propos  de  le  continuer  mtssîon- 
nsùre,  je  ratifie  d'avance  tout  ce  qu'il  vous  plaira  d'ordonner  tant  à, 
son  égard  qu'à  l'égard  des  autres  misaionnaircs  présens  et  à  venir. 

Remarque?,,  s'il  vous  plait,  que  Mr  Dc  la  Valinièrc  est  un  homme  de 

\Traftsiciûm.] 

The  testimony  that  is  rendered  on  all  sides  to  your  virtue  convinces 
me  that  the  faithful  of  that  Siection  will  rejoice  to  have  you  for  their 
ecclesiastical  superior. 

True  it  is  that  M.  Gibault  was  nominated  twenty  years  ago  as 
vicar  general  for  the  Illinois  countrj-;  but  since  that  time  the  episcopal 
see  of  Quebec  has  twice  changed  its  incumbent  without  hts  faculties 
having  been  renewed.  Complaints  of  different  kinds,  especially  a 
suspicion  of  treason  towards  the  government,  caused  my  predecessors 
to  entertain  some  antipathy  towards  bim,  so  much  so  that  I  propose  to 
give  him  no  emplt^ment  for  the  future.  That  wuuld  be  easier  for  you 
to  do 

I  received  a  letter  from  him  this  year  in  which  he  asks  to  come 
back  to  the  ProWnce  uf  Quebec.  After  the  disadvantageous  opinion 
that  the  government  has  formed  of  him,  I  can  not  prudently  consent 
to  his  return.  Nevertheless,  if  you  judge  it  proper  to  continue  him  as 
a  missionar}',  I  ratify  in  advaace  all  that  you  may  be  pleased  to  ordain 
tberein,  either  in  regard  to  him  or  to  other  missionaries  now  there  or 


590  ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

trfes  bonnes  moeurs,  mais  que  son  esprit  remuant  est  capable  de  causer  1 
beaucoup  de  troubles  à  aes  confrères,  comme  nous  l'avons  éprouvé  en 
Canada.    Par  rapport  au  Détroit,  je  continuerai  d'y  envoyer  des  mis- 
sionnaires comme  ci -devant. 

J'ai  l'honneur  de  me  dire  avec  une  vénération  sincère  en  union  àj 
vos  SS.  sacrifices.  Monsieur, 

Votre  tris  humble  et  trH  obéissant  serviteur, 

Jean  François  Evêque  de  Québec. 

[Translation.] 

to  be  sent.  Obscn-c,  please,  that  M.  de  la  Valînicre  is  a  man  of  very 
good  muniU  but  that,  aâ  we  have  experienced  in  Canada,  his  turbulent 
^irit  is  capable  of  causing  much  trouble  to  his  associates.  As  for 
Detroit,  I  shall  continue  to  send  missionaries  there  as  heretofore. 
I  have  the  honor  to  subscribe  myself,  with  sincere  veneration,  in 
union  with  your  holy  sacrifices,  sir,  your  humble  and  obedient  servant.  | 

(Signed)    Jean  Fbançois, 

Bisbop  of  Quebec 


Right  Reverend  John  Cajirou.  to  Fatu£r  Gibault, 
January  30,  1790. 
[  New  Madrid  AitWvw,  jd,.  Mo.  HIM.  .Soc.  —  A.  I-  S.J 

Baltimore  ce  20  Janvier  1790. 
Mons'  Gibault,  Curé  au  poste  Vincennes 
UoKStEtnt, 

Ilest  arrivé  très  malheureusement  pour  les  affaires  de  votre  Eglise, 
ainsi  que  pour  ma  satisfaction,  que  les  porteurs  de  vos  lettres  du  16 
Juin,  et  du  38  de  Juillet  soient  arrivés  et  repartis  d'ici  dans  le  tems  de 

[Translation.] 

Baltimore,  Jan.  ao,  1790. 
To  M.  Gîbault,  Prîcat  at  Post  Vincennes. 

Sir: 

Il  happened,  very  unfortunately  for  the  affairs  of  your  church  as 
well  as  for  my  pleasure,  that  the  bearers  vi  your  letters  of  June  16  and 
July  î8  arrived  and  departed  from  here  during  my  absence.*    You 

■CUreful  mmKh  hu  btcit  nude  is  lb«  utfalir*  o[  Rit(lriwr«  and  WotUnxton  for  hwn  of  ihll 
pcriad  hj  Fitbn  GDitull  aod  iHc  olha  prim»  in  the  Ojil  Nurlbirnl  lu  liifthop  Cam>II  villuiul  <" 
cuTtriut  toy. 


1 
I 


CARROLL  TO  GIBAULT,  JANUARY  so.  i^jo 


Spr 


mon  absence,  vous  faites  tort  a  M'  de  la  Valtoière  en  imputant  à  lui 
seul  les  accusations,  dont  j'ai  fait  mention  dans  ma  lettre  precedente. 
Des  Voyageurs  revenus  a  Philadelphia  de  Kaskaskias  les  avoieni  parlé 
même  avant  son  depart  [word  i/iegibte]  &  sans  sçavoir  quel  etoit  le 
prêtre,  que  ces  accusadons  regardoicnt  en  particulier,  je  l'avois  chargé, 
lors  de  son  depart  de  Philadelphie  de  faire  des  informations  *L  ce  sujet. 
Depuis  ce  tems,  j'ai  reçu  par  différentes  voyes  les  notices  dont  je  vous 
3X  fait  part  en  ma  dernière  lettre.  Je  suis  même  facbé  de  vous  lUre, 
que  Mgr  L'K\-c([uc  de  Quebec  dans  une  lettre,  qu*îl  me  fit  l'honneur  de 
m'ecrirc,  me  marqua  que  ses  predeceaseurs  avoient  cru  devoir  ne  pas 
se  fier  si  cnliermcnt  sur  vous,  [len Jant  les  dernières  années  qu'ils  avoient 
fait  pour  toute  cette  partie  de  l'ouset.  Depuis  le  depart  d'ici  du  Père 
Jacobin  mimraé  Le  Dru,  je  n'ai  point  reçu,  suivant  sil  convention  arec 
moi,  une  lettre  de  son  Provincial  en  FrancC;,  par  laquelle  il  devoît 
certifier  du  la  bonne  conduite  de  scni  sujet,  S:  aulorisvr  sa  demeure 
en  Amérique  hors  de  .son  couvent.  Au  conlrairc,  J'ai  reçu  a  la  voie 
de  la  Nouvelle  York  des  details  sur  la  conduite  de  ce  Religieux  en  Acadic, 

I  Translatiem.] 
wrong  M.  de  la  Valinière  by  impudng  to  him  alone  the  accusations  of 
which  I  made  mention  in  my  former  letter.'  Travelers  who  returned  to 
Philadelphia  from  Kaskaskia  had  mentioned  these  things  even  before 
his  departure  from  there,  and  without  knowing  who  was  tiie  priest 
whom  these  accusations  particularly  concerned,  1  hiui  commanded  him, 
at  the  time  of  his  departure  from  Philadelphia,  to  send  me  some  infor- 
mation on  thissubjccl.  Since  that  time  I  have  received  from  different 
sources  the  accounts  of  which  I  informed  you  in  my  last  letter.  In 
fact  I  regret  to  tell  you  that  Monseigneur  the  Bishop  of  Quebec  in  a 
letter  which  he  has  written  me,  called  to  ray  notice  that  his  predecessors 
had  thought  during  the  last  years  tliat  they  ought  not  to  confide  so  much 
in  you  for  all  that  part  of  the  West  as  they  had  formerly  done.  Since 
the  departure  from  here  of  Father  Jacobin  named  Lc  Dru,'  I  have 
not  received,  according  to  his  x^reement  with  me,  a  letter  from  his 
provincial  in  France,  who  was  to  certify  to  the  good  conduct  of  Father 
Lc  Dru  and  authorize  his  stay  in  .\merica  and  out  of  his  monastery. 

■  Thi(  letcra  hou  noi  been  launiL 

>  A  Dominican  (aibcr.  farracriv  emcJorwl  b  Cuudt,  urlio  «nu  <eol  bjr  Bliliap  Carrull  to  Iho 
HllrwA  O0<liiiry>  "r  "'x  '"  KiU.iiiiLU  In  i^Sg,  bul  «nu.  in  N'uvrmbrr  nt  thul  rial,  indkicn)  by  Iho 
Spuûr^tDcroMlhciitn  I..  Si.  LouU,  «hon  hcKrrad  Iht  larkh  till  1794.  AmU.f  sto,  Ilouck, 
àbl.pf  UUnmri,  II..  JO»;   8hM,  Liito}  AnkUthop  CanvU.  *7i. 


59» 


ILLINOIS  inSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


qui  m'accablent  de  tri&lesse,  &  me  font  accuser  ma  trop  grande  facilité 
a  lui  donner  du  pouvoirs,  m£me  pour  un  tenu  fort  limité.  Je  vous  prie 
de  vous  procurer,  &  de  me  transmettre,  par  la  premiere  occaaon,  des 
bonnes  informations  a  son  égard,  touchant  sa  conduite  au  Kaskaakias, 
J'ai  aussi  des  inquietudes  par  rapport  a  Mons'  St  Pierre.  II  est  parti 
d'ici  sans  pouvoir  pour  l'administration  des  Sacraments,  que,  dans  ce 
tcms,  je  n'clois  pas  en  droit  de  lui  accorder  et  depuis  son  depart,  je 
n'ai  pu  me  résoudre  a  lui  en  envojrr;  parceque  je  ne  suis  nullement 
assuré,  qu'il  est  \Tnu  en  Amérique  du  gré  des  Supérieurs  de  son  Ordre, 
ou  avec  telles  approtuitions,  qu'exigent  les  usages  de  la  disdpline'j 
Ecclésiastique.  M'  de  la  Valînière  m'a  demandé,  il  y  a  longtems,  que 
Mons'  de  St  Pierre  ne  tcnoit  aucun  conte  de  l'autorité,  que  le  premier 
excrcoit  de  ma  part.  Des  informations  encore,  si  \*ou5  voulez  bien 
ce  sujet.  Il  y  a  bien  de  tcms,  que  je  n'ai  pas  de»  nouvelles  de  mon^ 
La  Vaiinîèrc,  Un  Négociant  de  la  Nouvelle  York  m'a  dit  l'avoir  vu  a 
la  Nouvelle  Orleans  vers  le  mois  de  d'Aoust,  &  qu'il  se  proposoit  de 
venir  i(i  par  mer. 

[Translaiiati.'] 
On  the  contrary,  I  hare  received  by  way  of  New  York  some  details  on 
tbc  conduct  of  this  monk  in  Acadia  which  weigh  me  do«Tî  with  sorrow 
and  make  me  blame  my  too  great  readiness  in  gi\Hng  him  power  even 
for  a  vcrj'  limited  time.  I  beg  of  you  to  procure  and  send  mc  by  the 
&rst  opportuQÎty,  some  reliable  information  c-onccming  him  and  hiscon- 
duct  at  Kaskaskia.  I  am  also  worried  with  regard  to  M.  de  St.  Pierre. 
He  left  here  without  any  power  to  administer  the  sacraments,  for  at 
that  time  I  possessed  no  right  to  grant  it  to  him  ;'  and  since  his  departure 
I  h.ivc  been  unable  to  make  up  my  mind  to  send  him  that  power,  be- 
cause I  am  in  no  wise  assured  that  he  came  to  America  with  Ihe  consent 
of  the  superiors  of  his  order  or  with  such  approbation  as  the  usages 
of  ecclesiastical  discipline  require.  M.  de  la  Valînière  told  me,  a  long 
time  ago,  that  M.  de  St.  Pierre  paid  no  attention  to  the  authority  that 
the  former  exercised  on  my  behalf.  Send  me  some  more  information 
in  this  matter  if  you  so  desire.  It  has  been  a  long  time  since  I  have 
recwved  news  from  M.  de  la  Valiiiitre.  A  merchant  from  New  York 
told  me  that  he  had  seen  him  at  New  Orleans  in  the  monih  of  August, 
and  that  he  was  planning  to  come  here  by  sea.  ^Ê 

<  Bmute  b«  MariMl  nuwstd  brltm  Mr,  Catrolt  ifcelvnl  «ffickl  notice  of  hb  tppoôntiiWBl,  u 
(xricct  gipuMiillc.    Shea..  LHû  0/  Anh^fhitp  CirrM,  ij». 


J 

a 

I 


I 


BISHOP  CARROLL  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC        9^ 


i 


Je  vtius  suis  iii&niment  obligé  de  tous  les  details,  dans  Uqueli  vihu 
fctes  entré  par  rapport  aux  beins  de  l'Eglise  du  poste  Vînceimes;  et 
si  l'occasion  se  présente,  je  tacherai  d'en  profiter  pour  donner  soUdic^ 
a  ses  titres. 

Li's  points,  sur  lesquels  vous  êtes  convenus  avec  Mes"  1rs  Mar- 
guilliers  de  remettre  h  ma  decision,  sont  exprimés  dans  le  papier  ci 
joint;  et  j'ai  ajouté  ma  façon  de  penser  sur  chacun,  Je  me  flatte,  qu'elle 
sera  conformé  a  votre  interest  &  satisfactiun  particulière,  comme  elle 
est,  a  ce  qu'il  me  semble,  a  la  justice.  En  me  rccomraendant  à  vos 
St*  sacrifices  et  prières,  Je  suis  avec  respect  Mtjns' 

Votre  trbs  burable  &  obéissant  serv* 
J.  Carroll. 
{Joined  h€mritk  is  his  deeisùm  on  subject  in  dispute.] 

[TraTKlation.] 
I  am  very  much  obliged  to  you  for  all  the  details  into  which  you 
have  entered  respecting  the  possessions  o(  the  church  at  Post  Vincennes  ; 
and,  if  the  occasion  presents  itself,  I  shall  try  to  profit  by  it  so  as  to 
put  the  titles  on  a  solid  foundatiuii. 

The  cases,  conceniing  which  you  agreed  with  the  rmrguiUiers  to 
submit  to  my  decision,  arc  set  forth  in  the  papers  herewith  enclosed, 
and  I  have  added  my  opinion  on  each  one.  I  trust  that  it  may  be  in 
accord  with  your  private  interest  and  satisfaction,  as  it  is,  so  it  seems  to 
mc,  in  accord  with  juslire.  Recoiiiraending  myself  to  your  holy  sacri- 
fices and  prayers,  I  am  with  respect,  sir, 

Your  \'ery  humble  and  obedient  servant, 

J.  Carroll. 


Right  Reverend  Bishop  Carroll  to  the  Bishop  of  Qukbec, 

January  20,  1792. 

[.^rehicplwopat  Aithfvc»,  Queliec.  —  A-  L.  S.] 

Baltimore,  ce  20  de  janvier  1792. 
A  Monseigneur  Joan  Francis, 

EvC'que  de  QucÎmjc  ti  Quélicc. 

{Trattiiation.] 

BalUraore,  January  30,  1792. 
To  Monseigneur  Jean  Francois, 

Bishop  of  Quebec,  at  Quebec. 


S04 


nXIXOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


MONSEIGNEUB, 

J'ai  reçu  avec  attendrissement  et  vénéraHfin  les  félidtab'ons  que 
V.  G.  m'a  fait  l'honneur  de  m'addre!»er  sur  l'établissement  du  nouveau 
diocèse  de  Baltimore.  Puisse  cet  établissement  devenir  ce  que  vous  en 
augurez,  un  acheminement  vers  l'accroissement  de  la  \Taie  foi  dans  les 
vastes  contrées  qu'embrasse  mon  diocèse!  Puisse-t-il  être  soutenu 
toujours  par  des  vertus  épiscopallcs  telles,  Mgr,  que  les  vôtres,  et  par 
un  clergé  aussi  édifiant  que  celui  du  Canada!  En  mon  particulier,  je 
me  ferai  toujours  un  devoir  d'entretenir  avec  le  aège  de  Québec  non 
seulement  une  communion  de  foi,  et  union  fraternelle  de  charité,  mais 
d'avoircnvcrsV.  Grandeur  une  respectueuse  confiance,  et  d'en  donner 
les  preuves  par  la  communication  de  toutes  mes  vues  et  projets  pour  coq- 
scr\xr  et  étendre  le  rfcgne  de  J.  Christ.  Vous  regardant  comme  mon 
aîné  dans  t'épiscnpat  et  mon  modHe,  je  m'efforcerai  à  assimiler  ma  con- 
duite aux  principes  qui  animent  la  v6trc. 

Il  est  vrai,  et  je  n'en  puis  assez  bénir  la  Providence,  le  respectable 
Mr  Nagot,  en  conséquence  dt-s  arrangcmcns  faits  durant  mon  voyage 
en  Europe,  est  ici  à  Baltimore  h  la  tf-lc  d'un  séminaire  avec  quatre  autres 
prêtres  et  six  jeunes  ecclésiastiques,  dont  quatre  sont  Angloîs  ou  Améri- 

[Translctiim.] 
Monseigneur  : 

I  received  with  emotion  and  wncralion  the  congratulations  which 
your  Lordship  did  mc  the  honor  to  address  to  mc  concerning  (lie  estab- 
lishment of  the  new  diocese  uf  Baltimore.  May  this  establishment 
become,  what  you  predict,  a  stepping  stone  towards  the  growth  of  the 
true  faith  in  the  vast  regions  which  my  diocese  embraces.  May  it 
ever  be  supported  by  episcopal  virtues,  Monseigneur,  &uch  as  yours 
and  by  a  dergy  as  edifying  as  that  of  Canada.  For  my  [Jart,  I  shall 
always  consider  it  my  duty  to  maintain  with  the  sec  of  Quebec  nut  only 
a  communion  of  faith  and  a  fraternal  union  of  charity,  but  also  to  have 
towards  your  Lordship  a  res[)ectful  confidence  and  to  give  proof  of 
this  by  the  communication  of  all  my  views  and  projfcls  to  preserve 
and  enlarge  the  kingdom  of  Jesus  Christ.  Considering  you  as  my  elder 
in  the  bishopric  and  my  mwlcl,  I  shall  endeavor  to  liken  my  conduct 
to  the  principles  which  iuiîmate  yours. 

It  is  true  —  and  for  this  I  cannot  thank  Providence  enough — the 
venerable  M.  Nagot,  in  conséquence  of  ihe  arrangements  made  during 
ray  slay  in  Europe,  is  here  in  Baltimon;  at  the  head  of  a  seminary  to- 


BISHOP  CARROLL  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC         595 

coins.  lis  se  sont  procurés  une  maison  convenable  et  tous  les  exercices 
s'y  fonï. 

Outre  Le  5i5minairc,  nous  venons  aussi  d'duvrir  une  i^colc,  nu  collège 
catholique,  à  quinze  Itcucs  d'id  pour  l'instniction  en  lettres  et  piété 
de  11  jeunesse  catholique.  J'espère  beaucoup  (jue  ta  Pra%-îd«mce  at- 
tirera beaucoup  des  élèves  de  ce  collfege  au  sen-ice  de  l'Eglise,  et  qu'il 
deviendra  une  p<!pinière  pour  le  séminaire.  J'aurai  alors,  si  je  serai 
encore  vivant,  ou  mes  successeurs  auront  la  consolation  de  ne  donner 
pour  [Kustcurs  immédiats  à  notre  troufieau  que  des  prêtres  élevés  sous 
nos  yeux,  et  sur  lesquels  on  pourra  conter  avec  une  certitude  morale. 

Voilà,  Mongr,  ce  que  vous  pouwz  écrire  à  Monsr  Hody,  qui  m'a 
fait  l'honneur  de  m'écrirc  depuis  quelque  tcms,  et  à  qui  je  conte  de  faire 
réponse  incessamment. 

Je  ne  sais  si  l'on  vous  a  écrit  de  Rome  cC  qu'on  y  a  décidé  touchant 
l'étendue  de  nos  dioct-ses  respectives.  On  a  mis  sous  ma  jurisdiction 
tout  le  territoire  des  Etats  Unis.  Apparemment  on  a  cru,  et  peut-être 
avec  raison,  que  notre  gouvernement  auroit  pris  ombrage  en  vous  voyant 


(  l'ramiation.] 
gcthcr  with  four  other  priests  and  six  young  ecclesiastics,  four  of  whom 
arc  cither  Knglish  or  American.     They  have  secured  a  suitable  house 
for  themselves  and  all  the  exercises  arc  performed  there. 

Besides  the  seminary,  we  have  recently  opened  a  school  or  Catholic 
college,  some  ûftecn  miles  from  here,  for  the  literary  and  moral  instruc- 
tion o£  Catholic  youth.  1  sincerely  hope  that  Providence  will  draw 
many  of  the  students  in  this  college  into  the  service  of  the  Church,  and 
that  it  will  become  a  nursery  for  the  seminary.  I  shall  then  have, 
if  I  am  still  living,  or  my  successors  will  have,  the  consolation  of  giving 
to  our  flock  for  their  own  ministers  only  priests  brought  up  under  our 
very  eyes,  and  on  whom  we  will  be  able  to  depend  with  moral  assurance. 

This  is,  then.  Monseigneur  what  you  may  write  to  M.  Hody,  who 
did  me  the  honor  to  write  to  me  some  time  ago,  and  to  whom  I  intend  to 
reply  shortly. 

I  do  not  know  whether  they  have  written  to  you  from  Rome  con- 
cerning the  decision  reached  there  in  regard  to  the  extent  of  our  respectire 
dioceses.  AU  the  territory  of  the  United  Slates  bas  been  placed  under 
my  jurisdiction.  Apparently  it  was  believed,  and  perhaps  rightly, 
that  our  government  would  Jake  umbnige  at  .seeing  you  exercise  spiritual 


596 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


exercer  une  autorité  spintuelleâ  dans  ses  domAÎnes.  J'attends  de  la 
France,  au  printems,  quelques  eccléaastiques  bien  choisis  pour  servir 
aux  Illinois  et  au  poste  Vincennes. 

Vous  m'obligerez  beaucoup  en  me  faisant  donner  une  notice  sure 
et  exacte  sur  les  biens  que  possédoît  dans  les  Etats  Unis  votre  église  ou 
votre  Séminaire.  Ces  bien»  vous  appartiennent  encore,  sui^*anl  nos 
loix,  !«  vous  ne  vous  en  êtes  pas  dé|X>S5^dés  par  quelqu'acte  de  votre 
part.  L'an  passé,  Monsr  Gibauli,  cl  d'autre»  individus,  au  moyen  d'un 
exposé  que  je  crois  bien  faux,  ont  obtenu  l'octroi  de  quelques  biens 
eccléaastiques  situés  au  Kaskuskios  et  à  [a  poslu  Vinœnnes.  Je  prens 
des  mesures  pour  faire  invalider  cet  octroi;  mais  je  suis  fort  gêné, 
faute  des  connoissances  sures  relativement  à  ces  biens.  J'attends  de 
vous,  Mgr,  un  édairtissement  qui  servira  peut-^tre  à  déconcerter 
riniquité  et  à  avantager  nus  deux  diocèses. 

J'ai  riiouneur  d'Être,  en  uniun  de  vus  SS.  sacriJàces  et  avec  le  plus 
profond  respect.  Monseigneur,  De  Voire  Grandeur, 

le  tr^  humble  et  irfes  obéissant  serv. 

J.  Evoque  de  Baitimore. 

[Tramlatùm.] 
auihoriLy  in  ÎLi  domains.    I  am  expecting  this  spring  a  few  well  chosen 
ecclesiastics  from  France  to  serve  In  the  IlLînoîs  and  at  Post  Vinccnnes. 

Vou  will  greatly  oblige  me  by  procuring  for  me  a  sure  and  exact 
notice  of  the  property  which  your  church  or  your  seminary  possessed 
in  the  United  States.  These  possessions  belong  to  you  still,  according 
to  our  laws,  if  you  have  not  lost  possession  of  them  through  some  act 
on  your  part.  Last  year,  M.  GIbault  and  some  other  persons,  by  means 
of  a  suiement  which  I  regard  false,  obtained  the  grant  of  some 
ecclesiastical  property  situated  at  Kaskaskia  and  at  Post  Vincennes. 
ICohokia  ?]  ^  I  am  taking  steps  to  have  that  grant  invalidated,  but  I 
am  very  much  hampered  because  I  lack  definite  knowledge  concemiog 
these  possessions.  I  expect  from  you.  Monseigneur,  some  information 
which  will  serve  to  defeat  iniquity  and  advance  our  two  dioceses. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  in  union  with  your  holy  sacrifices  and  with 
Ihe  profoiindest  respect,  Monseigneur,  your  I.,orti.ship'9 

Very  humble  and  vcr\'  ol>edienl  servant, 

J.  Bishop  of  Baltimore. 


■For  •  pnitloD  t^  Father  Glbniilt  fur  nxtnLullul  lan>l*  &i  OJiotla.  i 
PmUk IhmJi.I;  If.  t3ti\  I"!  ihe gHLc\  la  \ùm,SiH.Ji>itr.,  yl Sttr,  tilCtrnf. 


■CO  Amtr.  Stait  Ftftrt, 
p.  jov 


BISHOP  DVRROLL  TO  CmAULT.  JANUARY  23,  1792       597 


Right  Revekend  Bishop  Cakkoll  to  Fatoeb  Gibadlt 

January  23,  1792. 

[New  Madrid  Archivts,  xi-.  Mo.  Htit.  Soc.  —  A.  L.  S.] 

Baltimore  ce  23  Janvier  1793 
MOKSCEUB, 

Je  o'ai  pa»  encore  eu  le  bonheur  de  recevoir  de  réponse  aux  lettres, 
que  j'ai  livrées  a  Moos''  Vîgaut  pour  vous  &  pour  d'autres  personnes 
au  mois  de  Dec'*  1790.  J'ai  appris  depuis  peu,  que  celui,  qui  etoit 
porteur  des  différentes  lettres  pour  moi,  a  été  intercepté  par  les  sauvages. 
C'est  un  malliuur  a  moi.  Il  me  falloit  bien  des  renseigninents,  et  je 
me  Hattois,  que  ces  lettres  me  les  auroîent  données.  Entre  autres,  j'ai 
vu  au  moisdemarsde  l'an  passé  l'annonce  d'une  loi  faite  par  le  Congrès 
des  Elats  Unis,  par  laquelle  une  certaine  possession,  ci  devant  Ecclé- 
siastique, vous  est  transférée  comme  votre  bien  particulier  et  individu  ; 
et  un  autre  bien  qu'on  dit  avoir  été  celui  des  Jesuits,  et  que  etoit  au 
Kaakaskias,  a  été  concédé  a  un  certain  particulier.  Je  voudrois  être 
instruit  a  ces  égard;  parceque  tant  dans  l'attente  de  recevoir  bientôt 
des  coadjuteurs  pour  vous  aider  dans  votre  pénible  ministère,  il  est 
important  d'a.'wure  a  vous  a  eux  &  a  vos  successeurs  les  biens  &  Eglise. 

J'ai  le  bonheur  de  pouvoir  dire,  qu'une  colonie  des  prêtres  et  de 

\Tramlation.\ 

Baltimiore,  January  23,  179a. 
Sa: 

I  bave  not  yet  bad  the  good  fortune  to  receive  an  answer  to  the 
letters  which  I  gave  to  M.  Vigo  for  you  and  for  other  persons  in  the 
month  of  December,  1790.  I  was  informed,  a  short  time  ago,  that 
the  bearer  of  these  different  letters,  was  captured  by  tlie  Indians. 
It  is  a  misfortune  for  me.  I  had  indeed  need  of  information  and  I  was 
flattering  myself  that  those  letters  would  bring  it.  Among  other  tilings, 
I  saw  in  the  month  of  March  of  last  year,  the  announcement  of  a  law 
passed  by  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  by  which  a.  certain  posses- 
sion, hitherto  ecclesiastic,  is  transferred  to  you  to  be  your  private  and 
particular  property;  and  anott^ier  property  situated  at  Kaskaskia 
which  they  say  belonged  to  the  Jesuits,  was  granted  to  a  certain  indi- 
vidual.' 1  should  like  to  be  instructed  conccniing  this,  for  I  am  in 
the  hope  of  receiving  soon  some  heljjers  to  aid  you  in  your  laborious 

1  See  Jm  Jvue..  ,U.  Stu..  xa  Ce*l.,  jej. 


598 


nXINOIS  ïriSTORiCAL  COLLECTIONS 


jeunes  EcclesiasUque&  du  Séminaire  de  St  Sulpice  de  Paris  s'est  trans' 
ferée  ici  au  mois  de  Juin  passé,  et  que  jVn  ai  formé  un  Séminaire  Epis- 
copal en  cette  ville,  qui  a  puur  Supérieur  NLuns**  Nagot,  ddtvant  supcr- 
ieiir  du  grand  Séminaire  de  sa  congregniion  à  Paris.  Je  ne  doute 
nullement,  que  cet  établissement  ne  devienne,  a\-er  l'atdu  de  Dieu, 
une  souKx  des  bénédictions  sur  mon  diocese  :  &  sur  cette  partie  spcdale- 
ment  ou  vous  êtes. 

Vous  verrez  par  ma  lettre  circulaire  pour  les  habiums  du  |)oste 
Vincennes  de  Kaskaskias  &c,  que  les  Kcclesia&tiqucs,  que  j'attens 
encor  de  la  France,  sont  destinés  a  leur  semce.  Vous  les  rcçc%Tcz  sans 
doute  avec  empressement  et  une  charité  Cralemclle.  Je  vous  les  rccom- 
raenderai  bien  chaudement  &  je  conte,  que  vous  voua  intéresserez, 
pour  que  les  fraix  de  leur  long  voyage  soient  défraies  du  moins  pour 
leur  dépense  d'Ici,  J'ai  l'honneur  d'etre  en  union  avec  vos  Sts  sacriBces 
Monsieur  Votre  très  obeiss*  S' 

J,  Eveque  de  Baltimore. 

[Tramlalùm.] 

duties,  and  it  is  important  to  prescn*e  for  ymi,  for  them,  and  for  your 
successors  the  possessions  of  the  Church. 

I  am  happy  to  be  able  to  say  that  a  number  of  priests  and  young 
ecclesiastics  from  the  Seminary  of  St.  Sutpicc  in  Paris  came  here  last 
June,  and  that  I  united  them  into  an  ecclesiastical  seminary  in  this 
town,  and  that  M.  Nagot  is  the  .superior.  He  was  formerly  superior  of 
the  large  seminary  of  his  congregation  in  Paris.  I  do  not  doubt  at  all 
but  that  this  establishment  will  become,  with  the  help  of  God,  e  source 
of  benediction  on  my  diocese,  and  especially  in  that  section  where  you 
arc. 

You  will  sec  by  the  drcular  letter  for  the  inhabitants  of  the  Post 
Vincenncs,  Kaska&kia,  etc..  that  the  ecclesiastics,  whom  I  ara  still 
expecting  from  France,  are  destined  for  their  scr\'icc.  You  will  doubt- 
less receive  them  with  joy  and  brotherly  kindness.  I  shall  recommend 
them  to  you  very  warmly,  and  I  trust  that  )-ou  will  interest  yourself 
so  that  the  expenses  of  their  long  voyage  may  be  defrayed,  at  least 
their  ex)M:nse  from  here.  I  have  the  honor  to  be,  in  union  with  your 
holy  sacrifices,  sir. 

Your  very  obedient  ser\'ant, 

J.  Bishop  of  Baltimore. 


\ 


_v 


BISHOP  CARROLL 


S99 


Right  Reverend  Bisbop  Carroll  to  tse  Bishop  or  Quebec, 
May  4,  1792. 
[Archiépiscopal  Archives,  Quebec  —  A.  L.  S.] 

Baltimore  ce  4e  de  Mai  1793. 
Monseigneur, 

J'ai  eu  l'hontieur  de  vous  prévenir,  Monseigneur,  dansma  dernière 
lettre,  que  le  bien  de  Kaskaskias  rédamé  par  votre  Séminaire  de  Qué- 
bec avoit  été  octroyé,  par  une  surprise  faite  ftu  Congru,  à  un  habitant 
de  cet  endroit;  et  qu'en  même  tcms  Monsr  Gibault  a  obtenu,  comme 
sa  propriété  personnelle,  le  bien  appartenant  d-dcvant  au  curé  de 
Cahokias.  J'ai  préscntiî,  îl  y  a  deux  mois,  un  mémoire  au  Général 
Washington,  président  des  Etats  Unis,  dans  lequel  j'ai  glissé  quelques 
raots  touchant  ce  double  octroi;  mais  n'ayant  aucune  connoissance 
exacte  des  titres  de  la  propriété  de  ces  biens,  je  n'ai  pu  donner  suite  à 
cette  affaire,  que  je  me  propose  cependant  de  reprendre  aussitôt  que 
le  Congri^  se  rassemblera,  si  entre  tems  je  pourrai  avoir  les  informations 


[Translation.] 


Monseigneur: 


Baltimore,  May  4,  1793. 


I  had  the  honor  to  itvform  you  in  my  lust  letter,  Munseigncur,  that 
the  possesion  of  Kaskaskia,  to  which  your  seminary  of  Quebec  lays 
claim,  had  been  granted  to  on  inhabitant  of  that  place,  through  some 
deceit  managed  in  Congress;  and  that  at  the  same  time  M.  Gibault 
obtained,  as  his  personal  property,  the  possession  belonging  hereto- 
fore to  the  priest  of  Cahokia.'  Some  two  months  ago,  I  presented  to 
General  Washington,  president  of  the  United  Slates,  a  memorandum  in 
which  I  introduced  a  few  words  relating  to  this  double  grant  ;  '  but  not 
having  any  exact  knowledge  of  the  titles  of  ownership  of  these  posses- 
sions, I  was  not  able  to  lay  stress  on  this  matter,  which,  newrtheless, 
I  intend  to  take  up  again  as  soon  as  Congress  reassembles,  if  in  the 
meantime  I  can  procure  the  required  information.    It  seems  to  me  that 

>  The  two  Qpcnioc  Mncraiklu,  wnlcted  hire,  have  htra  prlnlMl  in  tTAiulïtkn  by  Abbé  L.  LladMy 

in  Jtitarii  of  llu  Âm*r  CatS.  Ilia.  Society,  i^tii  .  No.  >,  p.  eOj. 

>  BiilMp  Corrxll  ha>  crniluv^!  ihr  rlllans  ttiroushoul  this  tnrmpotiila^cr.  tim  jtrofeeij  of 
Xht  Jr>utu  WM  to  Kaikiukia.  the  trm'aaty  t  pfopcnr  In  CahokU. 

*AIIhouch  ward)  h*a  beee.  mMie  foe  it,  tbis  iDemarùU  has  aot  boot  (onihL 


6oo  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

requises;  il  me  semble  que  si  MMn  les  Directeurs  du  Séminaire  de 
votre  ville  éptscujKLic,  chez  lesquels  sont  déjtoscs,  à  œ  que  l'on  m'a 
dit  les  titres  de  ces  biens,  vouloicnt  bien  les  confier  à  une  personne  de 
confiance,  et  que  leur  droit  fut  constaté,  ou  les  biens  seront  rendus,  ou 
sera  donné  un  équivalent 

Nous  avons  Ici  au  Séminaire  un  jeune  clerc  de  votre  diocèse,  qu 
à  présent  fait  sa  théologie.  Il  s'apiiclle  Férinault,  de  Montréal;  son 
pbre  est  actuellement  en  Franœ.  C'est  un  jeune  ecdésiaslique  bien 
vertueux  et  du  meilleur  caractbrc  du  monde.  Il  m*a  beaucoup  pt\6 
de  TOUS  présenter,  comme  à  son  trîïs  honoré  et  trfes  digne  évêque,  l'hom- 
mage de  sa  vénération  et  de  soumission,  et  de  vous  demander  si  vous 
croyez  qu'il  serait  convenable  qu'il  achevât  ici  sa  théologie,  &  prit  les 
ordres  sacrés  a^*ant  que  de  retourner  à  votre  diocèse.  En  tel  cas,  il 
présentera  k  V.  Grandeur  ses  voeux  pour  avoir  les  dimissares  néces- 
saires. 

Monsr  Burke,  ci-devant  un  des  directeurs  de  votre  Séminaire,  élaot 
celui  qui  me  donna  les  premières  informations  touchant  les  droits  de 
ce  séminaire  aux  biens  de  Kaskaskias,  je  l'ai  prié  de  m'envoyer  tous 

{Tramhtiim.} 

if  the  directors  of  the  Seminary  of  your  espiscopal  town,  with  whom, 
as  I  have  been  told,  arc  deposited  the  titles  of  those  possessions,  were 
kind  enough  to  entrust  them  to  some  responsible  person,  and  if 
their  right  were  proved,  either  the  possessions  would  be  returned,  or 
an  equivalent  would  be  given. 

We  have  here  in  the  Seminary  a  young  clerical  from  your  dioceac, 
who  at  present  is  studying  theology.  He  is  from  Montreal,  his  name 
is  Pennautt.  His  father  is  now  in  France.  This  young  ecclc»astic 
is  very  virtuous  and  of  an  excellent  character.  He  has  asked  me  to 
present  to  you,  as  his  VTry  honored  and  very  worthy  bi-shop,  the  homage 
of  his  esteem  and  submission,  and  also  to  ask  you  if  you  think  that  it 
would  be  well  for  him  to  finish  his  theology  here,  and  to  take  the  sacred 
orders  before  returning  to  your  diocese.  In  such  a  case,  he  will  present 
to  your  Lordship  his  vows  in  order  to  have  the  necessary  letter  of 
fiismission. 

M.  Burke,  formerly  one  of  the  directors  of  your  Seminary  being 
the  one  who  gave  me  the  first  information  in  regard  to  the  titles  of  that 
seminary  (o  the  possessions  of  Kaskaskia  (Cahokla?),    I  have  asked 


BISHOP  CARROLL  TO  THE  BISHOP  OF  QUEBEC        6oi 

les  édaircisscmens  nécessaires  à  faire  constater  ces  droits;  de  mon 
càié  je  lui  transmets  par  cette  mime  occasioD  copies  de  l'acte  du  Con- 
grus Si  un  extrait  du  rapport  qui  a  été  fait  à  ce  corps,  et  a  motivé  son 
décret 

MoQsr  Burkc  m'aiant  Itîmoigné  quelque  désir  de  se  rendre  h.  mon 
diocèse,  j'y  ai  conscDti,  à  couditloa  que  vous,  Mongr,  n'aiez  aucune 
répugnance  à  son  départ,  et  que  vous  croyez  qu'il  ait  les  qualités  requises 
pour  servir  le  Seigneur  dans  la  Wgne  qu'il  m'a  confié.  Il  vous  fera 
voir  les  pièces  que  je  lui  ai  adressés. 

Ce  sera  pour  mui  une  tris  douce  satiâfaction  d'apprendre,  au  retour 
de  Il£r  Delavau,  que  la  nouvelle  constitution  du  Canada  ne  préjudide 
en  rien  au  bien  de  vraie  religion. 

J*aî  l'bonneur  d'être  avec  les  sentimcns  d'une  parfaite  estime  et 
de  la  plus  grande  vén>ératîun,  Monseigneur, 

Votre  très  humble  et  très  obéisst  serviteur, 

J.  Evêque  de  Baltimore. 


{Tramlation.} 

him  to  send  me  al!  the  necessary  information  to  cstahtîsh  these  titles; 
on  my  part  I  am  sending  him  by  this  same  occasion  copies  of  the  act- 
of  Congress  and  an  extract  of  the  report  which  was  presented  to  this 
body,  and  which  resulted  in  its  decree.' 

M.  Burke  has  expressed  some  desire  to  come  to  my  diocese  and  I 
consented,  on  condition  that  you,  Monseigneur,  should  have  no  objec- 
tion to  his  leaWng,  and  that  you  think  that  he  has  the  qualifications 
required  to  serve  the  Lord  in  the  vineyard  which  He  intrusted  to  me. 
M.  Burkc  will  show  you  the  papers  which  I  addressed  to  him. 

It  will  he  a  very  great  satisfaction  for  me  to  Icam,  on  the  return  of 
M.  Delavau,  that  the  new  constitution  at  Canada  is  not  prejudicial  in 
any  way  to  the  welfare  of  true  religion. 

I  have  the  honor  of  being  with  the  sentiments  of  the  greatest  esteem 
and  veneration,  Monseigneur, 

Your  very  humble  and  very  obedient  scr^-ant, 

J.  Bishop  of  Baltimore. 

1tcp«a1  of  QoTeniar  St.  Cuit,  prinudla  Amtr.  Slelt  Pafen,  Pvi.  Land;.  I.,  igol  jrj;  ihe  Act 
ti  Cwircu,  ptintcd  lu  Sm.  Je-nr.,  jrJ  Stti.,  tii.  Catg.,  p.  30t. 


6o2 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


TitK  Tïisaop  OF  QoBEC  TO  Bishop  Carroll,  Majr  i8, 179a. 

Montréal,  tS  mai  1792. 
A  Mgr  I'EvAfjuc  de  Daldniarc. 

MONSKrONEUK, 

J'ai  t-onununtqué  à  MMrs  du  Sémina.irc  de  QuAiec  Tarticle  de 
votre  demibrc  qui  concemoit  ta.  mîssinn  des  Tamartus.  Les  papiers 
d-joints  qui  m'ont  été  envoy<?s  depuis  mon  départ  pour  la  Wsi  te  i>astoralc 
pourront  vous  donner,  Moniieîgneur,  quelque  éclaircissement  sur  l'objet 
en  question.  De  mon  cAté  il  me  seroît  impossible  d'<5dairdr  da\-anta2e 
la  chose,  attendu  que  je  n'en  ai  jamais  eu  qu'une  connoissance  très 
imj>arfaite.  Mais  comme  je  suis  persuadé  que  vos  ojjérations  ne  ten- 
dent qu'à  la  plus  grande  gloire  de  Dieu  et  au  bien  des  fidèles  de  ces 
endroits,  je  ne  doute  nullement  du  succès  des  mesures  que  vous  pourrez 
prendre  avec  MMrs  du  Séminaire  pour  l'avantage  de  cette  mission  que 
la  divine  providence  a  fait  tomber  sous  vos  soins  charitables. 

J'ai  l'honneur  d'être  avec  une  rcs[)ectuciisc  vénération,  Monseig- 
neur, &c.  Jean  Franc"  Evêque  de  Québec. 


[TramiattoH.] 

Montreal,  May  iH,  1793. 
To  Monseigneur,  the  Bishop  of  Baltimore. 

MoXHEICNEtTS, 

I  have  communicated  to  the  gentlemen  of  the  Seminary  of  Quebec 

the  paragraph  in  your  last  letter  which  concerned  the  mission  of  the 
Tamarois.  The  papers,  here  inclosed,  which  were  given  me  after  my 
departure  on  the  pastoral  vi.sitation,  may  ^ve  you,  Monseigneur,  some 
light  on  the  subject  in  question.  On  my  part  it  would  be  impossible 
to  throw  any  more  light  on  the  matter,  inasmuch  as  I  never  had  but  a 
very  imperfect  knowledge  of  it.  But  as  I  am  [xrsuaded  that  your 
efforts  tend  only  to  the  greatest  glory  of  God  and  to  the  welfare  of  the 
faithful  of  those  regions,  1  in  no  wise  doubt  the  success  of  the  measures 
which  you  may  take  with  the  gentlemen  of  the  Seminary  for  the  ad- 
vantage of  that  mission  which  Divine  Providence  has  placed  under 
your  protecting  care. 

[  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  a  most  respectful  veneration,  Mod- 
seigueur,    Slc.  Jean  Françuis,  Bishop  of  Quebec 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS 


CHAPTER  I. 

THE  PRELUDE 

PAGE 

George  Morgan  to  Richard  Winston  and  Patrick  Kennedy,  July 
6,  1776:  situation  in  Illinois  —  trade  in  horses  —  retribution 
grant 1 

Daniel  Murray  to  Governor  Guy  Carlelon,  March  31, 1777:  treat- 
ment of  tradcrsbyP.de  Rocheblave 4 

Daniel  Murray  to  Thomas  Bentley,  May  25,  1777  :  trade  —  action 
of  P.dc  RochcblavcagainslT. Bentley  —  spteaofC.  R.  Clark..      6 

Thomas  Bendcy  to  Daniel  Murray,  August  t,  1777;  arrest  of  T. 
Bentley  —  injustice  of  P.  dc  Rocheblavc  —  intercourse  with 
Americans ^ 8 

Defense  of  Thomas  Bentley,  AuffUât  i,  1777:  trade  wîth  Indians  — 
injustice  of  P.  de  Rocheblavc 19 

Report  of  Lieutenant  Governor  Henry  Hamilton,  August  15, 1777: 
arrest  of  T.  Bentley 16 

Court  of  Enquiry,  September  11, 1777:  called  by  P.  de  Rocheblavc 
•  — treason  in  Illinois  —  accusations  against  P.  de  Rocheblavc — 
testimony  of  P.  Kennedy  —  testimony  of  J.  Charlevillc  — ■  testi- 
mony of  F.  Droiiart  —  testimony  of  Mme.  Cerré  —  testimony  of 
Mme.  de  Lisle  —  testimony  of  Touranjeau  —  testimony  of  Mile. 
Lasoudraye  —  testimony  uf  Sylvester  —  testimony  of  Picard  — 
testimony  of  A.  Pelletier  —  testimony  of  D.  Coiel  —  testimony  of 
P.  Kennedy  —  testimony  of  H.  Bolen  —  testimony  of  Pierre  — 
testimony  of  F.  Carbonneaux —  testimony  of  N.  Lachanse  — 
exoneration  of  P.  de  Ruclicblave 18 

Petition  of  Thomas  Bentley  to  Governor  Guy  Carleton,  October  6, 

1777:  arrest  of  T.  Bentley  —  trade 41 

605 


6o6  IU.INOIS  mSTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS 

A  RtgistratioD,  Novembers,  1777:  seizure  of  goods  for  debt 43 

Richard  M'Carty  tu  John  \skia,  June  7,  1778:  situation  in  Illi- 
nois      44 

Major  Arent  S.  Dc  Pcystcr  lu  Governor  Frederick  Haldimand, 
August  15, 1778:  situalion  in  Illinois 45 


CHAPTER  IL 

THE   VWcmiANS   OCCUPY    IIXINOIS,   JDLY   4,    1778,   TO   HAY    12,    177g. 

Pairkk  Henry's  Commission  to  Rirhaxd  Wimton,  July,  1778: 
a|>pointmcnt  as  captain 47 

Gabriel  Cerrd  to  George  K.  Clark^  July  11,  177S:  déclaration  of 
submission 48 

Rirbiird  Winsinn  to  the  Oflkier  of  the  Guard:  disturbances  in 
Kaslcaskia 49 

Jean  Btc.  Laflont  to  George  R.  Clark,  August  7,  1778:  services 
ofFflthcrP.  Gibaultand  J.B.  Laffont jo 

Deposition  of  Louis  Sequin  concerning  capture  of  VJncennes,  1854  : 
Sequin's  mission  to  Vincennes 51 

M.  Monfortcn  to  Gabriel  Ccrré,  September  22,  1778;  capture  of 
P.  dc  Rocheblavc  —  alliance  of  France  and  United  States  — 
British  colonial  policy  —  American  cause  in  Canada 53 

Promiasoiy  note  of  James  Hanod  and  John  Williams  to  Charles 
Gratiot,  November^,  1778:  registration  of  note 59 

ImlruclJous  to  George  R.  Clark  from  the  Governor  Patrick  Henry, 
December  13,  1778:  treatment  of  French  and  Indians  — 
appointment  of  J.  Todd  —  expedition  against  Detroit  —  policy 
towards  Spaniards  —  Mme.  Rochcblave  —  provisions  for 
troops 60 

Governor  Patrick  Henry  to  George  R.  Clark,  December  1$^  t3V8: 
appointment  of  J.  Todd  —  alliance  of  France  and  Spain  with 
United  States  —  American  cause  in  Canada 63 

Proclamation  by  George  R.  Clark,  December  34, 1778:  regulations 
concerning  slaves 64 

Petition  of  Widow  of  Antoine  Cottinault,  February  18,  1779: 
management  of  estate  of  A.  Cottinault 68 

Joseph  Bowman  to  Richard  Lcmoult,  March  aa,  1779:  concern- 
ing release  of  T.  Bentley 73 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS  607 

Jean  Gîrault  to  Richard  Lernoult,  March  si,  177g:  concerning 
release  of  T.  Bentley 74 

John  Todd  to  Georp;  R.  Clark,  March  34,  1779:  capture  o( 
Vinccnncs  by  H.  Hamilton  —  trade  with  Indians  —  American 
successes  in  South  —  Continental  currency 75 

John  Bradley  to  Tbamas  Bcntiey,  May  5,  (779^  release  of  T. 
Bentley 76 

SaJc  of  land  by  Father  P.  Gibault,  May  7,  1779  :  S.  Trigg  buys  land 
of  P.  Gibault  and  G.  Cen^  —  G.  R.  Clark  buys  land  of  S. 
Trigg 77 


CHAPTER  III. 

THE  BEGINNINGS  OP  CIVIL  GOVTBNMENT,  KAY  11  TO  N'OVEWBER  13,  1779. 

Speech  of  George  R.  Clark  to  the  Inhabitants  nf  Kaskaskiii,  May  1 3, 
177g:  capiurc  of  Vinccnncs  —  appointment  of  J.  Todd  — 
election  of  judges 80 

Speech  of  John  Todd  to  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia,  May  ta, 
1779:  appoinlmcntnf  J.  Todd  —  election  of  judges 83 

Election  at  Prairie  du  Rocher,  May  ig,  1779:  election  of  J.  fi. 
Barbauand  A.  Duchaufour  de  Louviercs 85 

Certificate  of  election  by  John  Todd,  May  21, 1779:  composition  o( 
Court  at  Kaskaskia 86 

Certificate  of  appointment  of  Sheriff  by  John  Todd,  May  îi,  1779: 
appointment  of  R .  Winston 87 

Bondof  Richard  \\1nston,  May  21, 1779:  bondassheriff 87 

Magistnktes  of  Kaâkaskia  to  John  Todd,  May  21,  1779:  pillaging 
by  soldiers  —  sale  of  liquor  to  Indians  and  slaves — speculation 
in  land 88 

Appointment  of  Henry  Crouchcr  as  Deputy  Attorney  by  Jean 
Girautt,  June  8,  l'jjç-  powcrsof  deputy  attorney 94 

Pttition  to  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  June  12,  1779:  lawsuit  of  P. 
Desrochers,  Labouté,  L.  Boisdoré  and  J.  Laramc  against 
Proveau  for  wages 95 

Warrant  from  John  Todd  to  Richard  Winston,  June  14,  1779: 
execution  of  slave 97 

John  Todd  to  George  R.  Clark,  June  33, 1779  :  Indian  troubles 97 


6o8 


ILLLNOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Protest  concerning  notes  of  exchange  by  Joseph  F.  Perrault,  June 
94, 1779:  letters  of  exchange  ufG.  R.  Clark  on  O.  Pollock. gS 

Proclamation  pruhibitingexports  by  Gabriel  Cerrd,  June  sS,  1779.. ■.  loi 

Gabriel  Cerré  to  George  R.  Clark,  July  la,  177g:  purchase  of 
supplies  —  depreciation  of  letters  of  exchange  —  use  of  forge 
by  troops 102 

John  Dodge  to  Philip  Boylc,  July  13,  1779:  escape  of  J.  Dodgp — 
imprisonment  of  H.  Hamilton,  P.  Dejean,  G.  La  Motbe,  and 
J.  Hay. 104 

Certificate  from  George  R.  CUrlc,  July  14, 1779:  supplies  furnished 
by  Kaskaskia  and  Cahnkia 105 

John  Todd  to  George  R.  Clark,  July  28, 1779:  situation  in  Illinoîs. .  106 

John  Todd  to  Judges  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia»  July  30,  1779: 
reassembling  fif  Court to6 

Court  Record  of  Kaskaskia,  Aug;ust  2,  1779,10  August  i,  1781: 
oaths  of  A.  Bnuvais,  J.  B.  Charlcvillc,  and  F.  Carbonneaux 107 

Aient  S.  De  Peystcr  to  Thomas  Bentley,  August  9,  1779:  arrest  of 
T.  Bentley 108 

John  Todd  to  William  Fleming,  August  18,  1779:  situation  in 
Northwest 109 

John  Todd  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Coturt  at  Kaskaskia,  August 
33, 1779:  reassembling  of  Court m 

Jean  Giniult  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kask^kia,  August 
34, 1779;  disorders  in  Kaskasitia m 

John  Montgomery  to  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaslda,  August  ao, 
1779:  demand  for  supplies 113 

List  of  Contributors,  made  by  Patrick  Kennedy,  Assistant  Commis- 
sar)', August  31, 1779:  supplies  for  troops si6 

Proclamation  of  Court  at  Kaskaskia  concerning  liquor  tnkf&c, 
Scplcmlierô,  1779:  trade  with  Indians  and  slaves 117 

John  Dodge  to  Lcbron,  September  15,  1779:  escape  of  J.  Dodge  — 
impHsonmenl  of  H.  Hamilton,  P.  Dejean,  G.  La  Mothe,  and 
J.  Hay  —  alliance  of  Spain  and  France  with  United  States 119 

Juhn  Dodge  to  Pere  Pierre  Pothier,  September  15,  1779:  escape  of 
J.  Dodge  — conference  of  French  with  Indians lao 

John  Dodge  to  Philip  Boyle,  September  18,  1779:  escape  of 
J.  Dodge  —  imprisonment  of  H.  Hamilton,  P.  Dejean,  and 
G.  La  Mothe  —  American  successes x»i 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS  ^^^  609 

John  Williams  to  George  K.  Clark,  September  35, 1779:  lack  of 

supplies  —  difficulties  of  Ca|)l:a.in  R.  M  'Carty 123 

Extract  from  the  Court  Record,  September  28,  1779:  lawsuit  of 

J.Datchurutw.  G.  Cerré laj 

John  Montgomery  to  George  R.  Clarit,  Septemlxnr  29, 1779:  cloth- 

ing  for  troops  —  settlement  at  Bcltefontaine  —  accounts  of  J. 

Buchanan  —  misconduct  of  soldiers 125 

John  Montgomery  to  George  R.  Clark,  October  a,  1779:  l&ck  of 

supplies  —  prohibition  of  ex)>orts 126 

John  Todd  to  George  R.  Clark,  during  1779:  a  dUpulc  with  the 

Spaniards 127 

John  Todd  to  George  R.  Clark,  October  3,    1779:   purchase  of 

peltry  fund 128 

John  Montgomery  to  George  R.  Clark,  October  5,  1779:  peltiy 

fund  — ^_  maintenance  of  troops 128 

Notice  giwn  by  John  Todd,  October  4,  1779:   confiscation  of 

land 129 

William  Shannon  to ,  August  3,  1792  :   purchase  of  peltry  fund 

—  expedition  against  Detroit  —  finaocial  policy  of  J.  Todd 130 


CHAPTER  IV. 

THE  CODHT  AND  THE  MIUTAEY,  NOVEUBEB  15,  I779,  TO  JUNE  8,  1780. 

John  Montgomery  to  George  R.  Clark,  November  15,  1779:  des- 
titute condition  of  troops 133 

Extract  from  the  Record  of  the  Court  at  Koskaskia,  November  15, 
1779;  lawsuit  of  C.  Gogoy  vs.  G.  Langlois 134 

Thomas  Bentley  to  Go%'cmor  Frederick  llaldimand,  November 
1779:  escape  of  T.Bentley 135 

Protest  of  Inhabitants  of  Koskaskia  to  Magistrates,  December  S. 
1779:  pillaging  by  soldiers  —  scarcity  of  food 136 

The  Magistrates  of  Kaskaskia  to  John  Montgomery,  December  8, 
1779:  maintenance  of  troops 140 

Governor  Thomas  Jefferson  to  [John  Todd?],  January  28,  1780: 
lack  of  funds  —  establishment  of  Fort  Jefferson  —  government 
of  IlliDois 143 


6io  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECnONS 

Gov-craor  Thomas  Jefierson  to  George  R.  Clark,  Jaouary  ag,  1780; 
establishment  of  Fort  Jefferson  —  rvcruilmg  of  troops  —  lack 
of  funds  —  maintenance  of  troops  —  treatment  of  French  and 
Indians - 144 

John  Montgomery  to  George  K.  Clark,  February  i,  1780:  peltry 
fund. Z49 

John  Montgomery  to  Richard  Winston,  March  5,  1780:  destitute 
condition  of  troops 150 

John  Dodge  to  Geor^  R.  Clark,  March  10,  17S0:  situation  in 
Illinois 151 

Jean  Girault  to  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  March  11,  1780:  dis- 
respect to  Court 15a 

Jean  Girault  to  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia:  oath  of  allegiance  to 
Virginia 153 

Marie  de  Rocheblave  to  [Governor  Frederick  Haldimand?],  March 
a;,  1780:  imprisonmcntofP.de  Rocheblave 154 

Edward  Murray  to — — ,  April  rg,  1780:  complaints  against  J. 
Dodge 156 

Proclamation  by  John  Montgomery,  Richard  Winston,  and  Jean 
de  St.  Germain,  May  6, 1780:  Indians  promised  aid  by  France..   156 

John  Todd  to  George  R.  Clark,  June  4,  1780:  situation  of  Ameri- 
can army 158 

JohnDodgc  to  John  Todd,  Junes,  1780:  matnlcnancc  of  troops...   159 


CHAPTER  V. 

THE  SCUUEB  OP  17S0,  JUNE  TO  OCTOBER. 

Captain  A.  Fowler  to  Nicolas  Janis,  June  35, 1780:  introduction  of 
Colonel  M.  de  la  Balme 161 

Colonel  Mottin  de  la  Balme  to  the  Chevalier  dc  la  Luzerne,  June  27, 
1780:  confeicnoe  with  Indians  —  Godcfroy  de  Linctot  — 
mission  to  Illinois 163 

Thomas  Bcnllcy  to  Aient  S.  De  Pcyster,  July  a8,  1780:  escape  of 
T.  Bentley  —  imprisonment  of  H.  Hamilton  —  release  of  P. 
De  jean 168 

Thomas  Bentley  to  George  R.  Clark,  July  30,  1780:  expedition  of 
M.  dc  la  Balme  —  trade  with  Indians 169 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS  6ii 

Thomas  Bentley  to  Governor  Frederick  Haldimand,  August  la, 
1780:  situaticvninlliinow 171 

Thomas  Bentley  to  Arcnt  R.  Dc  Pcystcr,  August  u,  r78o:  trade 
with  Indians 17a 

Philippe  dc  Rochcblave  to  Governor  Frederick  Haldimand,  Sep- 
tember g,  1780:  escape  of  P.  de  Rochcblave — situation  oS 
American  army  —  American  cause  in  Canada  —  treatment  of 
P.  dc  Rocheblave  —  G.  dc  Lintlot— J.  dc  St,  Germain  — 
offerof  government  of  Illinois  —  imprisonment  of  H.  Hamilton  173 

Address  of  Colonel  Mottrn  dc  la  Balmc  to  the  French  settled  on  the 
banlts  of  the  Mississippi,  September  17,  1780:  government  of 
Illinois  by  Virginia  —  hostility  of  British  and  Indians  —  expedi- 
tion against  Detroit 181 

InhabitanLt  of  Kaskaskia  to  Colonel  Mottin  de  la  Balmc,  5cp- 
lem^bcraç,  1780:  tyranny  of  Virginians  —  confidence  of  French 
in  M.  de  la  Balme 189 

Statement  of  goods  furnished  Colonel  Mottin  de  la  Balme,  October 
2, 1780:  expedition  against  Detroit 193 

Richard  Winston  to  John  Todd,  October  17,  1780:  situation  in 
Illinois 195 

Richard  Winston  to  Officer  Commanding  at  Louisville,  October 
Î4, 1780:  situation  in  Illinois 197 

John  Montgomery  to  George  Webb,  April  13,  17&S:  maintenance 
of  troops 197 

Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia  to  Chevalier  de  la  Luzemc  :  expedition  of 
M.dc  la  Balme  —  distress  of  French  inhabitants 199 


CHAPTER  VI. 

THE  THIUUVIRATE,  OCTOBKR  l8,  1780,  TO  UAMCS,  1781. 

Thomas  Bentley  to  his  enemies,  Septembers,  1780:  accusations  — 
sale  of  liquor  to  slaves  —  purchase  of  grain , , .  aoa 

Captain  John  Rogers  to  the  MagUtratcs  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia, 
November  10, 1780:  demand  for  supplies. *■*■.....  306 

The  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia  to  Captain  John  Rogers, 
November  18, 1780:  refusal  of  supplies 707 


6l3 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COiXECTIONS 


George  Morgan  to  John  Dodge,  December  i,  1780:  land  cession  of 
Virginia  —  new  statics  in  West . »09 

Captain  John  Rogers  to  the  Magistrates  of  tlie  Court  at  Koskaskia, 
Jaauaiy  10,  1781  :  injustice  of  Court  to  T.  Benllcy - »ii 

TheBlagistrates  of  the  Court  at  KoskaskJa  to  Captain  John  Rogers, 
January  10, 1781  :  accusations  and  threats aia 

Captain  Robert  George  to  the  Inhabitants  of  Illinois,  January  11, 
1781  :  promisesof  correction  of  abuses  —  need  of  supplies 113 

George  Slaughter  to  Thomas  Jefferson,  January  14, 1781  :  Mtuation 
in  Illinois  —  salines 115 

Petition  of  Richard  M  'Carty  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kas- 
kaskia,  January  17, 1781:  law-suit  of  R.  M 'Carty  w.  J.  Dodge  ai6 

Richard  Winston  to  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  January  17,  1781: 
lawsuit  of  T.  Bentley  vs.  R.  Winston »i8 

Thomas  Jefferson  to  George  R.  Clark,  January  20, 1781  :  investiga- 
tionof aclsof  J.Dodge 319 

Thomas  Bentley  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaakia, 
January  31,  1781  :  complaints  of  unjust  treatment aao 

The  Oath  of  Thomas  Bentley,  February  13, 1781:  ticatnwnt  of 
T.  Bentley  by  Court aa3 

Thomas  Bentley  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaafcaskia, 
February  18,  1781:  appeal  of  T.  Bentley  to  the  governor  and 
council  of  Virginia 8*5 

Certificate  of  Daniel  Murray  concerning  Thomas  Benllcy,  February 
33,1781:  rcfasalof  T.  Bentley  to  lake  oath  of  alle^ance 336 

Certificate  of  Richard  Winston  concerning  Thomas  Bentley,  March 
9,1781:  lefusalofT.  Bentley  tu  take  oath  of  allegiance 337 

Affidavit  of  Israel  Dodge,  March  17,  17S1  :  dishonesty  of  R.  Win- 
ston   33S 

John  Todd  to  the  Presideni  of  Congress,  April  15,  17$!  :  cession  of 
Northwest  by  Virginia 339 

Oath  of  allegiance  to  the  Republic  of  Virginia,  April  19, 1781: 339 

Will  of  Richard  M  "Carty,  April  25, 1781  :  made  before  departure  of 
R.  M  'Carty  for  Virginia 230 

Petition  to  the  Governor  of  Vii^inia  from  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskas- 
kia,  May  4,  1781:  government  uf  Raskaskia  by  J.  Mont- 
gomery and  J.  Rogers  —  mission  of  M.  de  la  Balme  —  emigra- 
tion of  Frcncb 233 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS 


6x3 


Contract  of  Richard  M 'Cany  and  Pierre  Prcvost  with  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  Ka<ikaskid,  May  5, 1781  :  mission  of  R.  M'Carty  and  P. 
Prcvost  to  Virginia  or  Congress »4i 

Richard  Winston  and  Jacques  Lasource  to  M.  La  Jeunesse,  May 
5,1781:  mùsionofR,  M 'Carty  and  J.  Lasource  to  Virginia â45 

Nicolas  Janis  to  Captain  A.  Fowler,  May  5, 1781  :  citpcdition  ol 
M.  dc  la  Balme 246 


CHAPTER  Vir. 

TSE  GOVERKHEtrr  OF  THE  HAGISTSATES,  MAKCH,  1781,  TO  APRIL,  1783. 

William  Shannon  to  George  R.  Clark,  May  21,  1781  :  purchase  of 

ftupplies ..^..i 84S 

Richard  Winston  to  Nicolas  Janîg,  Magistrate  at  Kaskaskia,  May 

aj,  1  ;8i  :  special  session  of  Court 350 

Petition  of  Heniy  Smith  to  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  May  31,  1781  : 

lawsuit  cf  J.  Williams  I's.  H.  Smith 351 

Joseph  Labuxierc  to  Jacques  Lasource,  Pivsident  of  the  Court  at 

Kaskaskia,  August  i,   1781  :    registrdtion  of  commission  as 

attorney. 254 

Piem  Langlois  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Covit  at  Kaskaskia, 

August  i6, 1781  :  petition  for  ufBcc  of  notary 356 

Richard  Winston  to  Jacques  La»>urce,  August  17,  17S1:  appoint- 
ment of  J.  A.  Labuxicre,  Jr.  as  notary a$j 

Pierre  Langlois  to  Richard  Winston,  August  17,  1781  :  concerning 

magistrates  in  Kaskaskia 358 

Placard  concerning  office  of  notary  by  Richard  Winston,  August  $0, 

1781  :  commission  of  J.  Labuxiere,  Jr a6o 

Jacques  Lasource  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia, 

September    r,    1781:    concerning    the    commission   to  J.  A. 

Labutieie,  Jr. 465 

Richard  Winston  to  Jacques  Lasource,  .Septi^mljcr  i,  1781:  juris- 

diclionof  Court  and  powers  of  County  Lieuti-nanl 367 

Warrant  for  Elccdon,  September  10,  1781  ;    R.  Winston  orders 

election  of  magistrates aUS 

Election  of   Magistrates  of   Court  at  Kaskaskia,  September  10, 

1781 269 

Election  of  Magistrates  of  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  Fcbruaiy  10, 178a. . .  271 


6m 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

THE  STSGGCLE  FOR  ASCENDANCY  BETWEEN  DODGE,  WWSTON,  A»D  THE 
COUKT,  AVKIL,  i;8a,  TO  XOVEUBtlK,  i;83. 

The  Arrest  of  Rirhard  Winston,  April  19,  1782:  J.  Dodge  orders 
arrest  of  R.  VVlnsIon 17» 

Richard  Winston's  protest  against  his  anest,  April  aç^  1783: 
J.  Dodge  arrests  R.  Winston 374 

John  Dodge  to  Joseph  Labuxicrc,  April  30,  1782:  treacheiy  of 
R.  Winston 375 

The  Syndic's  Diflkullics,  April  30, 1782:  repair  of  fences 376 

Examination  of  witnesses  by  Joseph  Labuxierc,  May  3,  1782: 
testimony  of  M.  Perrault,  J.  Witliaius,  and  H.  &iuth  conoeming 
R.  Winston 377 

John  Dodge  to  Joseph  Labuxierc,  May  4,  1782;  arrest  of 
R.  Winston 383 

Inhabitants  of  Kaskaslda  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kas- 
luskia,  May  35,  1782:  oaths  of  strangers  —  maintenance  of 
court — jail  —  legal  procedure  —  sale  of  liquor  to  Indians  and 
slaves 384 

Election  of  Magistrates  at  Prairie  du  Rocher,  June  18,  1783: 
election  of  A.  Comte  and  G.  B.  Jacumini 391 

Antoine  Bauvais  to  Joseph  Labuxiere,  June  30,  1783:  case  of 
J.  Dodge  vs.  R.  Winston 393 

Petition  of  American  settlers  at  BeUefontatne  to  the  Court  of  the 
District  of  Kaskaskia  for  some  form  of  civil  government,  July 

9.  178» »94 

Election  at  Bellcfontaine,  August  5, 1783:  election  of  N.  Smith 296 

Francisco  Cnuat  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia, 

August  4,  1 783  :  use  of  passports  on  Mississippi  River ......  396 

Francisco  Cruzat  to  the  Ktagistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia, 

August  24, 178a:  mission  of  A.  Chouteau  to  Kaskaskia 398 

Notice  of  sale  of  property  of  David  Hicks,  August  34, 1782 399 

Francisco  Cruzat  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia, 

Scptcmberi,  178»:  pctitionof  A. Chouteau 300 

Election  of  Magistrates  at  Kaskaskia,  September  15,  1783:  elec- 
tion of  V.  Bauvais,  J.  B.  Bauvais,  François  Charleville, 
François  Corset,  L.  Brazeaux,  and  A.  Morin 301 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS  6iJ 

François  Carboimeaux  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaslua, 
Scpteraibcri5, 1782:  resignationof  F.Carbonaeauxasclerk, . . .  303 

Richard  Winston  to  the  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskîa, 
September  17,  17S3:  election  of  magistrates  —  nominatioa  of 
a  huissier 304 

Richard  Winston  issues  a  summons  to  the  Judges,  September  17, 
1782:  oath  to  be  taken  by  J.  B.  Bauvais,  L.  Brazeaux,  F. 
Charleville  and  P.  Corset .    .    305 

François  Carbonncaux  sella  the  notariat  to  Pierre  Laaglois,  Sep- 
tember 18, 1782:  conditions  of  purchase 306 

Pages  from  the  Court  Record  of  Kaskaskia,  June  20  —  November 
26, 17S3:  oath  of  A.  Comte,  G.  B.  Jeicomini,  and  A.  Bauvais  — 
composition  of  court  —  lawsuit  between  J.  B.  Laffoat,  P.  Lang- 
lois,  and  N.  Lachansc 30S 

The  Magistrates  of  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia  to  Francisco  Cruzat, 
October  5,  1782:  lawsuit  between  G.  Ccrré,  J.  Datchurut  and 
J-  Page 311 


•       CHAPTER  IX. 

THE  COiaNG  OF  THE  C0UM1SSI0NER5  FROU  VIKGIMIA,  NOVEUBEE,  I782, 

10  UAKCH,  1783. 

¥^am  Fleming  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  November,  1783: 

investigation  of  western  affairs 313 

Commission  as  agents  to  Richard  Winston  and  François  Carbon- 

»neaui  from  the  Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia,  December  3,  1782: 
to  report  disordered  conditions  in  Illinois  to  Virginia 315 

Proclamation  of  Virginia  Commissioners,  December  4,  178a: 
adjustmenlofclaims  against  Virginia 317 

The  Virginia  Commissioners  to  the  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  Decemtxr 
4, 1782:  adjustment  of  claims  against  Virginia 319 

Conunission  of  County -Lieutenant  by  Richard  Winston  to  Tlmothé 
deMonbreUQ,  January  18, 1783:  duliesof  county-lieutenant. . ..  330 

Certificate  of  services  of  Timuthé  de  Monbreun  by  Juhu  Mont- 
gomery, October  17,  i;8o:  patriotism  of  T.  dc  Monbreun  — 
departure  of  J.  Montgomeiy  —  succession  of  J.Rogers 333 

John  Williams  to  Tîmolhé  de  Monba-un,  February  15,  1781: 
refusal  of  kave  of  absence  —  maintenance  for  T.  de  Monbretm. .  323 


I 


tfiS  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

TimotM  dc  Monbrcun  to  George  R-  Clark,  March  5,  1783:  main* 
tcnance  of  family ,    ^34 

Timothé  de  Monbrcun  to  Geoi^  R.  Clark  ;  request  for  pay 326 

Richard  Winston  announces  appoiotment  of  Ttmotbé  de  Monbreun 
as  county -lieutenant,  January  ji,  1783:  departure  of  R.  Win- 
ston —  appointmeot  of  T.  de  Monbreun 328 

Memorial  of  the  liifaabJtaats  of  Illinois  to  the  Conunissioners  of  the 
Slate  of  Virginia,  March  i,  1783:  support  of  G.  R.  Clark  — 
circulation  of  paper  money  —  poverty  of  French  —  departure 
of  G.  R.  Clark  —  financial  policy  of  J.  Todd  —  establishment  of 
Court  —  appointment  of  R.  Winston  —  administration  of 
J.  Montgomery  —  administration  of  j.  Rogers  —  situation  in 
Illinois 3a( 

Memorial  of  the  Principal  Inhabitants  of  Illinois  to  ihc  Commis- 
sloncrs  of  Virginia,  about  March,  1783:  support  of  troops  — 
tyranny  of  R.  Winston  —  exodus  of  French 340 

John  Dodge  to  George  R.  Clark,  Marrh  3,  1783:  debts  of  G.  R. 
Girk  to  J.  Dodge  —  memorial  of  inhabitants  to  Commissioners 

—  foreign  news 345 

Richard    Winston    and    François   Bosseron,    François   Trotticr, 

J.  M.  P.  Legras,  and  John  Williams  to  George  R.  Clark,  March 

30, 1783:  delegation  to  commissioners 346 

The  Death  of  Richard  Winston,  about  1784:  services  of  J.  Lindsay 

—  ruin  and  death  of  R.  Winston 347 


CHAPTER  X. 

THE  ASCENDANCY  OP  JOHN  DODGE,  UAKCB,  I783,  TO  AUGUST  I4,  I786. 

Some  land-grants  to  John  Dodge  and  Archibald  Macnabb,  Jean 
Btc.  Oillcl,  Lardner  Clark  and  William  Wikoff,  Henry  Brawney. 
David  Dcbas,  Nicolas  Canada,  James  Bowie,  François  Charte- 
ville,  Roonrod  Rcckncr,  Daniel  Murray,  Jean  Choisser,  André 
Fagot,  Minard  Asturgus,  and  John  Marshal,  1783-1784 34g! 

Philippe  de  Rocheblave  to  Governor  Frederick  Haldimand,  Novem- 
bcr3,i783:  request  for  certificate  of  services 353 

Madame  Alary  to  Aymé  Comte,  January  16. 1784:  lawsuit  of  Mme. 
.Mary  vs.  A.  Moria 353 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS  617 

Memorial  of  Timothy  dc  MoDhreun  to  the  House  of  Delegates  of 
Virginia,  November  11,  1794:  services  of  T.  dc  Monbreun. .. .  355 

Expciuc  Account  of  TimothédcMonbrcun,  1 783-1786 357 

Fragment  of  Court  Record  written  in  Record-Book  of  the  French 
Régime,  June  3,  1784:  lawsuit  of  D.  Murray  vs,  W.  WikofI 
and  L.Clark  —  lawsuit  between  J.  Dodge  and  A.  Bienvenu,  Jr.  359 

Tiraothé  dc  Monbreun  lo  President  of  Coagre.«,  June  16,  1784: 
cession  of  Northwest  by  Virginia  —  critical  situation  in  Illinois. .  360 

Memorial  to  Congress  by  the  Faction  of  John  Dodge,  June  22, 1 784  : 
support  of  tnx>ps  —  circulation  of  paper  money  —  ruin  of 
French  —  withdrawal  of  troops  —  organization  of  government 
in  Illinois 36» 

Memorial  of  François  Carbonneaux  to  Congress  December  8,  1 784  : 
critical  situation  in  Illinois  —  organization  of  government 369 

Congressional  Committee  on  François  Carbonneaux's  Memoriai, 
February  15, 1785;  organization  of  government  in  Illinois 370 

Report  of  Committee  of  Congress  on  ]iowers  of  Commissioners  lo  be 
appointed,  March  14,  1785:  organization  of  government  in 
Illinois 371 

Francisco  Cruzat  to  Timothé  de  Monbreun,  September  8,  1785: 
commerce  on  Mississippi  River 373 

Timothé  de  Monbreun  to  the  Governor  at  New  Orleans,  October 
12,  1785:  protest  against  unla\\'ful  act  of  F.  Cruzat 374 

John  Dodge  lo  William  Clark,  October  18,  1785:  disasters  in 
Illinois 375 

John  Edgar  to  George  R.  Clark,  November  7,  1785:  situation  in 
Illinois 376 

Francisco  Cruzat  to  Jean  B.  Crcillcy  and  Joseph  Dupuis,  February 
18,  1786:  law.suit  of  J.  B.  Crcilley  and  J.  Dupuis  vs.  N.  La- 
chanse 377 

Auguste  Chouteau  lo  Joseph  Baugy,  March  i9,  1786:  trade  in 
peltries 379 

Memorial  of  the  French  Faction  to  Congress,  June  3, 1786:  organ- 
ization of  government  in  IlHnois 381 

Gabriel  Genre's  Testimony  concerning  Illinois,  giwn  before  Con- 
gress, July,  1786:  administration  of  justice  under  French, 
English,  and  Virginia  regimes  —  land-grants  —  population  of 
Ulinois 383 


6i8 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Aatotoe  Morin  toTimotbéde  M<Hibreun,  July  15,  1786:  lawsuit 

of  A.  Morin  vt.  heirs  of  Major  Le  Brun 385 

Procès  Verbal,  August  a,  1786:  deaihof  J.  F.T.Carton 386 


CHAPTER  XI. 

THE  FRENCB  ASSERT  TBEUSELVES,  ADCtTST  I4,  I786,  TO  AUGUST,  1787. 

Timothé  de  Monbrcun's  Commission  lo  Jean  B.  Barhau,  August 
14, 1786:  appoinlmcnt  as  deputy-lieutenant 390 

Resolution  of  Congress,  August  23,  1786:  organization  of  govern- 
ment for  Illinois 391 

Petition  to  Mathurin  Bouvct  by  Joseph  Baugy  as  guardian  to  the 
minor  children  of  Duplassy,  August  1$,  1786:  disestablishment 
of  Court  —  ybllgalions  of  guardian 391 

Joseph  Dupuis  to  Mathurin  Bouvei,  October  17,  1786:  rengns 
guardianship  of  minor  children  of  G.  Aubuchon 393 

James  Aider  to  George  R.  Clark,  October  aa,  1786:  arrival  of 
G,  R.  Clark  at  \1nccnncs  —  supplies  for  troops 395 

John  Edgar  to  George  R.  Clark,  October  33,  17S6:  hostility  of 
French  to  United  Stales  —  critical  situation  in  Illinois 395 

Jean  B.  Barbau  to  Pierre  Langlois,  January,  1787:  oirival  at  Kas- 
kaskiauf  papers  from  Congress 396 

Placard  by  John  Dixlgc  concerning  Marguerite  Bentley,  April  3i, 
1787;  J. DodgeforecloscsmorlgageonestateofT.  Bentley 397 

Jean  B.  Barbau  to  the  Inhabitants  at  Kaskaskta,  May  a,  1787: 
establishment  of  guvernmcnt  at  Kaskaskia 398 

Report  of  CommJltcc  of  Congress,  May  7,  1787:  organization  of 
government  for  Vinccnnes  and  Illinois 399 

Commission,  given  by  Jean  B.  Barbau,  to  the  Justices  of  the  Peace, 
May  18,  1787:  election  of  H.  Smith,  T.  Hughes,  M.  Duff, 
A.  St.  C.  Bauvais,  F.  Corset,  and  J.  B.  St.  G.  Bauvaia  —  organ- 
ization of  Court 403 

to  Commandant  Moro  at  Sle.  Genevieve,  June  30,  1787: 

return  of  fugitive  slave ^ . .- 402 

Protest  of  Mathurin  Bouvet  against  Henry  Smith,  July  5,  1787: 
H.  Smith  arrests  M.  Bouvet  at  iiutifation  of  F.  S.  M.  Montigny. .  403 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS  6ig 

Protest  of  Aotoine  Bauvais,  St.  Gcmmc  Baiivais,  and  Françuùi 
Corset,  July  7, 1787  :  A.  Bauvais,  St.  G.  Bauvais,  and  F.  Corset 
decline  office  —  Americans  in  court  —  api«>intmcnt  uf  a  huissier  405 

Fragment  of  Agreement  among  the  citiacns  of  Kaskaskia,  July  8, 
1 787  :  court  at  Kaska-skia  to  be  French 408 

Joseph  Parker  to  President  Arthur  St.  Clair,  October  a,  1787: 
objections  of  French  to  land  sale  ordinance  —  trade  in  JlUnois. . .  410 

Secretary  of  Congress  reviews  Congressional  action,  December  aS, 
1788:  petition  to  Conf^ress  from  inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia  and 
Cahokia  —  land  cession  tif  Virginia  to  Congress  —  organizalion 
of  government  in  tllinois. , 411 

Census  of  Kaskaskia,  1787 414 

Census  of  Prairie  du  Rocher,  1787 419 

Lbt  of  Americana  in  Illinois,  September  7, 1787 421 


CH.\PTKR   XII. 

THE    COUINC   OF    COLONEL   BAJtUAX    AS   TOLD    BY    A    SUALL    FACnON 
OF   THE   FRENCH,   AUGUST,    1 787. 

Father  Pierre  H.  de  la  Valinière  writes  to  Charles  Thompson  of 
John  Dodj^,  August  25,  1787:  tynmny  of  J,  Dodge  —  j.  R. 
Jones  obtains  supplies  —  arrival  of  J.  HarraarandB.Tardiveau  4.24 

Informaliun  concerning  Illinois,  1787;  subjection  of  French  — 
tyranny  of  J.  Dodge  —  departure  of  J.  Dodge  —  land  atliemc 
of  B.  Taidiveau 429 

Madame  Marguerite  Bendey  petitions  Congress,  August  31,  1787: 
J.  Dodge  deprivL'S  Mme.  Bentley  of  estate ,  .  431 

Pierre  Lan^ois  to  Charles  Thompson,  September  sS,  1787: 
land  scheme  of  B.Tardiveau 436 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

BAR7BEL£MI   TAHDIVEAD    APPEALS    TO    THE    CONTINENTAL    CONGRESS, 
AUGUST  37,  1787,  TO  SEPTEMBER   I  7,  1788. 

Contract  between  the  French  Inhabitants  and  Barthclemi  Tar- 
diveau,  August  27,  1787:  land  to  I>e  granted  for  compensation  440 


6ao 


ILLINOIS   HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


CoDtract  between  tbe  Amcrieaiis  aad  Bartbeleini  Tardiveau, 
August  37,  1 787  :  laod  tu  ]x  granted  for  cumpcnsaliuo 443 

Mémorial  lo  Congress  in  favi>r  of  AmrricaD  sctlkrs  by  Barthclcmi 
Tardivcau,  August  37,  1787:  immigratJun  to  Illinois  —  land 
cession  of  Vir^nta  lo  Congress  —  action  of  Congress  in  regard 
to  N'urlhwest  —  ]>ctitii)n  for  land  grants 445 

Memorial  lo  Congress  on  behalf  of  the  French  Inhabitants  by 
Barthclemi  Tardi^Tau,  September  15,  17S7:  land  sale  in 
Northwest  —  immigration  of  Americana  —  petition  for  land 
grants 447 

Numbcrof  Inhabitants  in  Illinois,  1787 449 

Petition  to  Congress  for  land  by  Royal  Flint  and  Joseph  Parker, 
October  18, 1787:  action  of  Congress  on  petition 449 

Barthelemi  Tardiveau  answers  his  accuser  February  9,  1788: 
B.  Tardiveau  exonerates  himself  —  characterization  of  P.  H. 
de  la  Valiniere 451 

Mcmonut  to  Congress  on  behalf  of  the  French  Inhabitants  by 
Barthclemi  Tardiveau,  February  38,  1788:  support  of  Vir- 
ginia troops  by  French  —  go\*emmcnt  by  military  —  jx-lition 
for  land-grants  —  poverty  of  French. 454 

Memorial  to  Congress  on  Ix'half  of  the  French  Inhabitants  by 
Barthclemi  Tardiveau,  Fc-bniar}-  38,  1788:  landed  possessiotu 
of  Fwnch  —  petition  for  land  and  exemption  from  taxation 463 

Committee's  Report  on  Barllielcmi  Tardiveau's  Memorials, 
Marché,  1788:  confirmation  of  land  titles  of  French 465 

Memorial  to  Congress  in  behalf  of  French  and  American  Inhabi- 
tants of  Illinois  and  Vlncenucs  by  Barlhck-mi  Tardiveau, 
March  iS,  1788;  delays  in  organization  of  governracnl  of  North- 
west —  land  sales  in  Illinois  —  petition  for  land 466 

George  Morgan  petitions  Conga'ss  for  land»  May  1,  1788:  settle- 
ment of  Nonhweat — trade  in  furs  —  organisation  of  goveni- 
tncnt - 469, 

The  Proposals  of  George  Morgan  and  Associates  to  Congress  for 
the  purchase  of  land,  May  15,  1788  471 

Report  of  a  Congressional  Committee  on  Illinois  lands,  no  date: 
land-grants  to  French  and  American  inhabitants  of  Illinois  — 
establishment  of  land  office 471 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS 


621 


Memorial  to  Congress  on  behalf  of  ihe  French  and  American  Inhahi- 
tanLs  of  Illinois  and  Vincennes  by  Baithclcmi  Tardiv«au,  May 
19,  1788:  objections  to  report  of  Congresâonal  Commillcc  on 
Illinois  lands 475 

Report  of  Committee  of  Congress  on  Memorial  of  George  Morgan 
and  associates,  June  20,  1788:  confirmation  of  French  posses- 
sions —  conditions  of  land  sale  — cxtinctionof  Indian  titles 479 

Memorial  of  George  Morgan  to  Congress,  June  25,  i;88:  objec- 
tions to  Congressional  land  ordinance 483 

Objections  by  George  Morgan  to  land  ordinance,  no  date:  landed 
possessions  of  French  —  émigration  of  French 484 

Memorial  to  Congress  in  behalf  of  the  French  Inhahitante,  July  8, 
17S8:  land-grants  to  French  — slavery  among  French 485 

Royal  Flint  to  President  of  Congress,  August  8,  1 788  :  memorial  for 
purchase  of  land .    489 

Memorial  of  Royal  Flint  to  Congress  for  hearing  before  Committee 
August8,i7S8 4&9 

Report  of  Committee  on  sale  of  land  to  George  Morgan  and  the 
Illinois  Grants,  August  38, 1788 : 490 

Memorial  to  Congress  in  behalf  of  French  and  American  Inhabi- 
tants of  Illinois  and  Vincenncs,  September  17, 1788:  land-grant 
to  George  Morgan  —  landed  possessions  of  French  —  slavery 
under  Ordinance  of  1 787 491 

Some  Lost  Letters  coQceroiog  Barthelemi  Tardiveau's  mission  to 
Congress 494 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

TEE  CUMAX  OP  ANARCHY,  AOOtTST,  I7S7,  TO  MARCH  5,  fjgo. 

The  end  of  a  suit  at  Uw  betw-ecn  John  Edgar  and  Nicolas  La* 

chanse,  May  3, 1788 496 

Major  John  Hamtramck  to  General  Josiah  Harmar,  March  3&, 

1789:  Indian  troubles ^ — emigration  of  French $03 

Major  John  Hamtramck  to  John  Wyltys,  May  27,  1789:    Indian 

troubles  —  supplies  for  troops S04 


623  n-LINOiS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

M&jor  John  Hamtramck  to  Général  Josiali  Harmar,  July  39, 1789: 
submi&stco  of  Wabasb  Indians  —  sicknc&s  among  Lroops  — 
uflcrs  by  Spain  to  emigrant  —  cx}>cilitiun  of  Kx-uturkians 
against  Indians 506 

Major  John  Hamiramck  to  General  Josiah  Harmar,  August  14, 
1 7S9  :  c.i])eiliULm  uf  Kcntuckians  against  Indians  —  emigration 
o(  French — slaver)- under  Ordinance  of  1787  —  tradfc 508 

Major  John  Hamiramck  to  General  Joslah  Hannar,  November  z. 
17S9:  submission  of  Indians  —  petition  from  Kaskaskians  — 
oitical  situation  at  Kaskaskia  —  need  of  troops  and  civil 
court  —  J.  Edgar  offers  10  furnish  supplies — J.  Hamtramck 
denies  power  to  send  titKips  and  advises  election  of  magistrates  509 

Major  John  Hamtramck  to  General  Josiah  Harmar,  November  11, 
1789:  need  of  government  in  Illinois 51  j 

John  Edgar  to  Major  John  Hamtramck,  October  28,  178g:  dis- 
ordered conditions  at  Kaskaskia  —  Indian  troubles 513 

John  R.  Jones  to  Major  John  Hamtramckf  October  29,  1789: 
Indian  troubles  —  offers  of  Spain  to  emigrants  —  mission  of 
Lord  Edward  Fitzgerald 514 


CHAPTER  XV. 

ECCLESUSnCAL  LETTERS,  1780  TO  I79>. 

Father  Pierre  Gibault  to  George  R,  Qark,  May  lo,  1780:  situation 

at  Kaskaskia  518 

Fallicr  Pierre  Gibault  to  the  Bishop  of  Quebec,  April  i,  1783: 
labors  of  Father  Bernard  —  critical  situation  in  Illinois 520 

John  Edgar  and  Louis  Toumier  vs.  Father  Paul  de  St.  Pierre, 
July,  1785:  P.  de  St.  Pierre  accuses  J.  Edgar  and  L.  Toumier 
of  dishonesty  —  N.  Lachanse  denies  jurisdiction  in  lawsuit  — 
appeal  to  M.  Carroll 5*1 

Father  Paul  de  St.  Pierre  to  Father  Louis  Payct  of  Detroit,  February 
18, 17S6:  sale  of  mission  property  at  Cahokia  —  disordered  con- 
ditions in  Illinois 532 

Father  Pierre  Gibault  to  the  Bishop  of  Quebec,  June  6,  1786: 
religious  life  at  Vinceiuics  —  labors  of  P.  Gibault — capture  of 


LIST  OF  DOCUMENTS  «13 

Vinceones  by  G.  R.  Qark  —  disordered  conditions  in  Illinois  ■ — 
jurisdiction  of  M.  Carroll  —  arrival  of  P.  dc  St.  Pierre 534 

Father  Pierre  U.  de  la  Valinière  to  tbe  Inhabitants  of  Cahokia, 
Octoberi;,  1786;  exoneration  of  P,  de  St.  Pierre 548 

FatherPicrreH.dclaValînière  to  Joseph  Labuxiere,  April  11,1787: 
accusations  by  P.  U.  de  la  Valini&re  against  P.  de  St.  Pierre. .  549 

The  Inhabitants  of  Cahokia  to  Father  Pierre  H.  de  la  Valtnière, 
April  23,  1787:  exoneration  of  P.  de  St.  Pierre  —  rejection  of 
P.  H.  de  ta  Valinîère  as  vicar-general 554 

Father  Pierre  H.  dc  la  Valinitrc  to  the  Bishop  of  Quebec,  May  a6, 

1787  :  P.  H.  dc  la  Valinièrc  requests  recall  — disorders  in  Illinois  558 
Inhabitants  of  Cahokia  to  the  Seminary-  of  Quebec,  June  6,  178;  : 

disposal  of  property  of  Mission  of  the  Holy  Family  ^erection 

of  church  and  parish-house  —  labors  of  P.  dc  Su  Piern- 560 

Father  Paul  de  SI.  Pierre  to  Barthclemi  Tardivcau,  Scplember, 

1787:  concerning  tbe  land-grant  —  accusations  against  P.  H. 

dc  la  Valiniére 567 

Father  Paul  de  St.  Pierre  to  Barthelemi  Tardiveau,  September  17, 

1787:  justification  of  P.  dc  St.  Pierre — laws  on  marriage  — 

hostility  of  Cahokians  to  P.  H.  dc  la  Valinîère 570 

Inhabitants  of  Kaskaskia  accuse  Father  Pierre  H.  dc  la  Valiniëre, 

September  21, 1787:  tyrannicalactsof  P.  H. delà  Valinîère 574 

ReTcrcnd  John  Carroll  to  the  Bishop  of  Quebec,  May  5,  1788: 

appointment  of  P.  H.  de  la  Valînière  —  conflict  of  ecclesiastical 

jurisdictions  in  Northwest 581 

Father  Pierre  Gibault  to  ihc  Bishop  of  Quebec,  May  aa,  17S8: 

exoneration  of  P.  Gibault  —  request  for  recall 583 

Tbe  Bishop  of  Quebec  to  Right  Reverend  John  Carroll,  October  3, 

1 788  :  conflict  of  ecclesiastical  jurisdictions  in  the  Northwest  -^ 
Father  P.  Gibault 586 

Right  Reverend  John  Carroll  to  Father  Pierre  Gibault,  January  20, 
1790:  inquiries  concerning  situation  in  Northwest 590 

Right  Reverend  John  Carroll  to  the  Bishop  of  Quebec,  Janu- 
ary 30,  179a:  establishment  of  seminary  at  Baltimore — ^juris- 
diction of  J.  Carroll  —  land-grant  to  P.  Gibault 593 

Right  Reverend  John  Carroll  to  Father  Pierre  Gibault,  Janu- 
ar>'  33,  ijgj:  land-grant  to  P.  Gibault  —  establishment  of 
semioaxy  at  Baltimore 597 


634  ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 

Right  Reverend  John  Carroll  to  the  Bishop  of  Quebec,  May  4, 
1793:  grant  of  ecclesiastical  lands  in  Illinois  —  Perinault  — 
Burke 599 

The  Bishop  of  Quebec  to  Right  Revend  John  Carroll,  May  18, 
1793  :  ecclesiastical  lands  in  Northwest 603 


INDEX 


Abbot,  Governor,  cslecmed  in  Illinois, 
i7»:govcmor  of  Vinccnncs.  9.  g,  n.  i. 

Abnaki  Inrlians.  called  Ounbênakî  hy 
Algonquins.  35.  •>-  '■ 

Address  of:  G.  R.  Clark.  80.  M.  de  la 
Bajnie,  181,  French  in  Illinois,  iSg, 
189.  n.  I,  199,  J.  Todd,  83. 

Agellc,  Marie,  wiîc  of   j,  B.  Cwilley. 

Ala.ry,  Bazile.  resident  of  Kasksskis, 

*'S- 
Altry,  Catherine,  marries  Raphael  Bau* 

vai3,  414*  n.  S. 
Alary,  Jean  Baplûte,  rtsidcnt  of  Kos- 

kaskia.  415. 
Alary,  Madame,  lawsuit   of.   with  A, 

Mono,  354,  355;  prrilion  of,  lo  A. 

Comte,  353- 
Alder.  James,  lelLer  of,  lo  G.  R.  Clark, 

Allard,  Augustin,  resident  of  Prairie  du 
Rocher.  419- 

Ai  lard.  Jean  Itaplistc,  rcudtrnt  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher.  419. 

Allard,  Jean  Pierre,  resident  of  Prairie 
«lu  Rother,  419, 

Allînson,  May,  "Oovemmentof  Illinoiii, 
1790-1799"  by.  referred  lo,  43»,  n. 
jo;  "A  Trial  Scene  in  Knskaskia  in 
1781"  by,  rcfcnrd  to,  sqç,  n.  i,  401, 
n.  3.  411,  n.  13. 

AHiïon,  John,  resident  of  Illinois,  421. 

Alliïon,  Jouph,  resident  of  Illinois,  4^1. 

Almon.  John,  Renuaûiraïutr  hy,  re- 
fetrcd  lo,  104,  n.  i. 

Alvord.  Clarence  Walworth,  Cahakùt 
Rocordî,  tu.  HÙL  CoUeaiatu,  vol.  11., 
by,  referred  lo,  xv,  xvi,  n.  1,  xxîi, 
n.  7,  xxiv,  n.  a.  xxvii,  xxxU,  n.  i,  xU, 
n.  4>  i>  n.  ).  4,  n.  i,  4>  n.  3.  4,  a.  ;. 
7,  n.  t,  8,  n.  3,  8,  n.  4.  S.  i».  "■ 
3.  19.  n.  t,  43,  n.  I,  44,  n.  a,  44, 
n.  3'  49,  n.  1,  50,  n,  i,  61,  n.  1. 
64,  n.  1,  68,  n.  1,  75,  n.  i,  75,  n.  i. 
76,  n.  a,  79,  n.  1,  91,  n.  a,  97,  n.  i, 
104.  n.  I,  107,  n.  3.  117,  n.  1,  t93, 
n.  a,  1^0,  n.  1.  131,  n.  i,  133,  n.  i. 
133»  n-  i>  '3*'  "•  t.  Ï39.  n-  '.  15'. 


a.  },  156.  n.  t,  169,  n.  i,  163,  n.  3, 

170,  a.  I,  189.  n.  I,  197,  n.  1,  198, 
n.  3,  303,  n.  3,  3o6,  o.  1,  307,  n.  1, 
an,  n.  i,  ai4,  n.  t,  917,  n.  1,  93:, 
n.  I,  938,  n.  a,  34J.  n.  t,  350,  n.  i, 
aSSt  n.  I.  970,  n.  i,  974,  n.  1.  985, 
a.  I,  99s,  n.  I,  306.  n.  1,  311,  n.  t. 
i^h  n-  '-  J'7-  "■  '•  1^9,  n.  1,367,11. 
1,389.  n.  I,  385,  n.  9,  395. "•  ».  397. 
n.  I,  410,  n.  I,  410,  n.  a,  411,  n.  i, 
416,  n.  19,  417,  a.  aS,  417,  n.  41, 
411.  n.  3,  431.  n.  4,  4»i,  n.  s,  491, 
n.  6,  431,  n.  7,  431.  n.  9,  491,  n.  le, 
4»3.  n.  18,  493,  n.  95.  494,  n.  1, 
441.  n-  ',  444.  n.  i,  444,  n.  3,  445, 
n.  9,  450,  n.  a,  464,  n.  i,  590.  n.  a, 
S»,  n.  4,  533,  ti.  I,  561.  n.  (;  lllinoii 
in  the  Eigatetnth  CeiUwy  by,  referred 
to,  3S7,  n.  I.  384,  n.  a,  418,  n.  51: 
Tkt  Old  Katk-ukia  Recordt  by,  rc- 
fcrred  lo,  461,  n.  j, 

AmbersoD,  Johnson.sccAmcrson,  John- 
son. 

American  ond  Wttt  Indies  Papers, 
rcfcnrd  to.  4,  n.  4. 

Americtiit  Arthhjet,  referred  to,  i,  n.  a. 

AmrrictnCatholM  H-iftoricalRtsearckts, 
referred  to,  xsvi,  n.  3,  xxx«-iii,  n.  r, 
xxxix,  n.  I,  xxxii,  n.  a,  xl,  n.  1,  xl, 
n.  9,  xl,  n.  3,  xl,  n.  4.  xl,  a.  j,  438, 
n.  5.  45'.  n-  ».  548,  n.  a.  549.  >»■  '. 
5S4,  n.  9,  567,  n.  i,  570,  n.  i,  S74. 
o.  I. 

American  Hislarieal  Revievi,  referred 
lo.  xjoi,  n.  I,  XXV,  n.  3,  xxvîii,  n.  :, 
xx^'iil.  n.  3,  xxix,  n.  4,  xxx.  n.  4,  8, 
n.  3,  48,  n.  a,  50.  n.  a,  590,  n.  i,  534. 
n.  I,  540,  n.  I.  583,  n.  1. 

American  Philosophical  Society,  re- 
ferred to,  a,  n.  9- 

Anurieam  Stalt  Poptrs,  Public  Lands, 
refeTTcd  to,  4,  n,  a,  7.  n.  i,  450,  n.  i, 
48a,  n.  I,  493,  □.  1,  596,  n.  I,  601,  a. 
I. 

.American*  in  Illinois,  ai:  DcllefoQ- 
tuiae,  3941  Koskaskia,  xix,  xx;  con^ 
tract  with  13.  Tardiveau,  443.  459, 
453:    emigration   of,    503;    hostility 


6«S 


«a6 


ILLINOIS  inSTORIC.VL  COLLECTION'S 


of  Indians  lo,  456:  intenoune  of, 
with  G.  R.  Clark,  ax,  xit,  xxi,  xxit, 
«ill,  xxiv,  9.  It,  t),  13.  I4i  IV.  74< 
.îSr  4».  179;  I*»*!  g»»nta  lo,  463,  464: 
proMoillon  of,  399,  R.  I,  376; 
stnaKth  cf,  19,  45-  4<^>  4o4>  40B.  409< 
411.  42^.  445.  500;  B.  Tutlivcau 
•gent  for.  446,  447,  451,  45».  453. 
465. 

Atnenon  (Ambenon),  Johtuon,  nsjdefil 
of  Illinois,  43,^1  «igns  contract  with 
B.  TBidivcmu,'444- 

Aodrrwn,  John,  sign»  coniran  whh  B. 
T^rdiveau,  443. 

Andrews,  Jamei,  resident  of  llUnoU, 
431,  n.  I. 

AnUya.  Pelleliet  dU,  m«  PclletlCT. 

AntoncllJ,  Cardinal  Oiacoina,  Intercsi 
of,  in  ri-rlMia«tir&l  alTiurs  of  thi^ 
Northwnt,  $Sj;  letter  of.  lo  J.C»rroll, 
zxxv,  n.  4. 

Arbiter»,  anion  of,  confimi«J  hy  Court. 
501;  appoinlmcnt  uf,  ,^84.  ,^84,  n.  t, 
^M,  iott;  composition  of,  40;  »tat>- 
litlicd  r>y  II.  I»nt,  ao;  mana^  BlToiTS 
of  trader»,  «>;  poweni  of,  384,  384, 
n.  s;  settle  Hi.4j>ulcs,  4o>  40^.  497, 
498,  499,  500;  uaed  by  French,  384. 
n.  3. 

Arkiins4s  (Arruuias)  Post,  J.  Baugy 
trailing  poat  at,  415,  n.  Q;  DcvilHci-s 
a(,  105;  invaded  by  Aninicans,  $4: 
Lieutenant  W.  IJnn  at,  xix. 

ArmttroRD,  I.ieulenftnt,  arrival  of,  jofi. 

Askin,  John,  biog.  nolicc  of,  44,  n.  3: 
letter  to,  from  K.  M'Caity,  44. 

AiMcmb!)*,  n-ftcr  maju,  548,  5^5;  a(; 
Caholua,    567,    Kaskùkla,    ào,    81, 

190.  »>i,  459,  n.  I,  Prairie  du  Rocher, 
Ï91;  called  by  commtuidant,  368, 
391 .  by  Court,  ago.  391  ;  elects  mafiis- 
Iratcs.   Sj,   84,   85,    165.    ^f^>   »7o. 

191,  .10Î.  .^04.  384.  399- 

Ascurgus,  Minard.  land  grant  to,  351. 

Atchinon  (Atti.-hc»on,  Attchi»on),  Alex- 
ander, resident  of  Illinois,  433. 

Atchison,  George.  Sr.,  biog.  notice  of. 

433,  n.  3o:  resident  of  [lliniiix,  413; 

sij^B   conlrocl.   with   B.   Tardiveuu, 

44.)- 
A1chi«on,     George,     Jr.,     rraidcnt     of 

Illinois,  433. 
AlchiMn,   Michel,  resident  of  Illinois, 

4'3 
Alchontl,  sec  Datchurut. 
Atino.    Antoine,    «ign.i    ronlrart    with 

D.  Tardiveau,  443. 


Aitno,  I.  L..  signs  contract  witb  P. 

Tartiiveau,  441. 
Altchewn,  sec  Atchison. 
Aitchison,  see  Atchison. 
Altomcy-genciaJ,    jmwerv    of,    under 

French  r^'me,  3S4.  384,  n.  a. 
Aubuchon.  family  of,  41;,  n.  jS. 
.^uhiichon     (Iloljuchon),     Gabriel,     J, 

Dupuis.  Kuardian  fvr  children  of .  394; 

marries  Mme.  J.  R,  Cneilley.   49S: 

move*    to     Miuouri,     417,     n.     38; 

resident  of  KaskasLiii,4i7;  see  Dsu* 

bur  bon, 
Aupni^tr  fVincenne»),  inhabitant»  of.  re- 
quest ammunilion,  315. 
Austin.  Mnoes,  partner  of  J.  R.  Jones, 

436,  n.  t. 
Ah  Vase  River,  land  sates  on,  469,  473, 

480  483. 

Bailey  (Baley),  Captain  Wlltiain, carries 
letter,  iji;  resident  of  Illinois,  433; 
MUri*  as  «rbiter,  501. 

Uaillarjon,  Domitil.  presents  petition 
of  Mme.  Alary,  354- 

Baitley  Thomas,  set  Bentley.  Tbomas. 

Baiity.  Thomas,  see  Bentlev,  Thomas. 

Baker.  Evan,  letter  lo  G.  R.  Clark  in 
care  of,  1  !;q. 

Baldwin,  memorial  of  R.  Flint  referred 
to,  489;  report  of,  on  memorial  of 
G.  Morgan,  490, 

Balcy.  .<iec  Bailey. 

Balky,  William,  signs  contncl  with 
B.  Tardiveau,  444- 

Ilalmr,  M.  de  la,  see   De   la  Balme. 

Baltimore,  establish  m  en  I  of:  diocese 
of,  594,  seminary  at.  594.  505.  SqS. 

Bancroft,  Fdward,  clain»  authorsJiip 
of  View  0}  the  Title  to  Indiana,  i,  n. 
3. 

Itarbau  (Barbeau),  André,  resident  of 
Pialrie  iSu  Roclier,  419. 

Barbau,  Jean  BapUste.  Sr-,  biog.  notice 
of,  referred  lo,  :8,  n.  3;  advincs  open> 
ing  of  Congressionoi  papen,  396; 
appointed  deputy  lieutenant,  390; 
anrmbly  at  houic  of,  3<ji  ;  altcsis 
copy  of  commiKsiufl,  333,  n.  i:  calls 
oswmbly,  391  :  captain  of  militia, 
18,  69,  cHo;  rcrtifiratc  of  election  of, 
86;  certifies  copy  of  will,  333;  com- 
mandant at  Prairie  du  Rocher.  8$, 
333,  391, 333,  n.  ]  ;  commission;  of,  to 

KUccs,  40J;  to,  from  T.  de  Mon- 
un,  390;  county    lieutensnl,  580; 
ekcicd  judge  for  Prairie  du  Rocher, 


INDEX 


ft«7 


,409;  letm  of,  lo: 
P.  LangtoU.  j^d; 
number  of;  Côuh  of  Enquiry,  18, 
16,  Couti  of  Ka^tukia,  S6,  393, 
Willtins'  Court,  1$;  pcliuon  of  Lb- 
brierr  a^aifiit,  68,  69,  ;o,  71,  7»,  73; 
resident  of  Prairl*  du  Rocher,  419; 
signs:  conlracl  v/ith  B.  Tardlvcftu, 
441;  uiuiTU|>uloui  action  1^,  69, 
70;  voces  for  magistnCe,  391;  men- 
tioned. 517. 

Barbau,  Jean  BapUitc,  Jr.,  Tcaiclent  of 
Prairie  <îu  Rocher,  419;  signs  con- 
tract with  B.  Tardjvcau,  443;  votes 
far  judftc,  So,  îQa. 

Batbau,  Jean  IlaptiMe,  III,  resident  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  419. 

Barbau,  Rcn^  Julia,  wif«  of  Jean  Ble. 
Janis,  410.  n.  64. 

Batbeau.  ace  Barbau. 

Barber,  mentioned,  314. 

Barker.  Able,  signs  contract  with  B. 
T^rdiveau,  444- 

Baron,  Suzanne,  mamcs  Jacques  Bar- 
rois.  418,  n,  51, 

Barrel.  Toussoïm.  rcsîdcnl  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher.  410. 

Barrois,  Antoine  Jean  D&ptùte,  mar- 
riage at,  418,  n.  5t. 

Barrois.  Benavcnturc,  captured  by 
English,  41S,  □.  51- 

Barrois,  Catherine,  wife  of  Jos.  t>. 
Ûuplasy.  [8,  n.  5.  41$.  n.  ^i. 

Barrois,  Celeste,  mairies  MicncI  Lamis, 
41S,  n.  51. 

Barrois,  Francois,  marries  Marie  Anne 
Sauvage,  41^,  n-  51. 

Barrois,  Jacques,  mairies  Suzanne 
Baron,  418,  r>.  $1. 

Barrois,  Jean  Baptiste  bcrtlor,  bJog. 
notice  of,  referred  to,  387.  n.  i.  418, 
n,  51  ;  father-in-law  of  I.  D.  Duplasy. 
18,  n.  s;  marries  Mndcleinc  Canlinal, 
418.  n.  51;  Royal  French,  noUry,  (8. 
n.  5.  387.  J87,  n.  I. 

Barrois,  Joseph,  mentioned,  418,  n.  51. 

Barrois,  Lou»,  resident  of  Kaskaslua, 
418,  418,  n.  EI. 

BaiTois,  Maileldne,  marries:  Tie  Port- 
neuf,  418,  n.  51,  Louis  Marin,  418, 

n.  51- 
Barrak,  Philippe,  dealli  of,  418,  n.  51. 
Barrois,    Thervse.    manies     François. 

Leferre   E>u    Chouquct,  418,  n.  51. 
BArlcn,    John,  iigja  (.-oulroct   witli    B. 

Tardiveau.  443. 
Barutel  (Uarutrlte),  Blaise,  huùner  nf 


Court,  375,  538,  599;  alxns:  agree- 
ment, 409.  aa  witness,  364.  388.  389, 
contract  wilh  B  Tardiveau,  443; 
petition  to:  Court  at  Kaskaskla,  (39, 
389.  governor  of  Vir^nla,  339,  J. 
Todd,  94;  (umTTunva  P.  dc  St.  Pierre, 
$iS;    mtni»s  for   T.    Bentle/,    333. 

Raiiist,  chief  of  Kaska.skia  Indians,  249. 

Biiubin,  mentioned,  196. 

fiauch^  dit  Morancy,  see  Morancy. 

Baugy  (Raug),  Bou(^,  Bougfe.  Bou^')< 
Charles,  resident  of  tCaska.ikia.  415. 

Baugy,  Joseph,  Sr.,  casu  vote  in  elec- 
tion, 369,  371;  guardian  of  Duplas/ 
children,  379.391.393;  letter  to,  from 
A.  Chouteau,  379;  marries  Marie 
I)up]a.^y,  415.  n.  g;  petition  of.  to 
M.  Bouret,  341;  resident  of  Kaskos- 
kia,  411;;  trade  of,  379. 

Baugy,  Joseph.  Jr.,  marries  Marie 
Bauvais,  415,  n.  9;  resident  of  K»a- 
kaskia,  415. 

Baugy,  Joseph  (of  Bcauport.  Canada), 
marries  Marie  Louise  Duplasy,  41S, 
n.  51. 

Baugy,  Vital,  son  id  Jos.  fisugyi  415, 
n.  9. 

Dauvab  dît  St.  feme  or  Si,  Oemme 
(Bauvay.  Bcauvai3,Bcauvaii),  Alexis, 
contribution  of,  to  troops,  ri6:  land 
owner,  349;  marrie*  Tbctesc  Danis, 
414.  n.  6,  4i4<  n.  8;  resident  of 
Kaskaskia.  418. 

Bauvais,  Antoine,  Sr.,  appointed  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace,  403;  asks  names  of 
witne&sirs  vs.  R.  Winston,  393;  casis 
vole  in  election,  369;  confirm»  artioa 
of  arbttcts,  503;  contribution  of,  to 
troops.  116;  declines  office,  407; 
deprived  of  ofticc,  40Û;  elerlion  of, 
107.  370,  n.  i:  finds  placard  of  R. 
Winston,  364;  justice  of  the  peace, 
373,  391,  396,  30S,  403;  letter  of,  to 
J,  Labuxicre,  393;  magistrat»  of 
Kaskaskia,  309.  405,  406;  marries 
Kran(oi»e  fîuîelle,  414,  n.  8;  order  of, 
concerning  papers  of  R.  Winston. 
374:  petition  in.  from  M.  Farqueson. 
373;  president  o£  Court,  503;  prolest 
of,  to  Kaskaskians,  405;  signs:  con- 
tract «riih  R.  M'Carty  and  P.  Prévost, 
343,  conlnwt  witli  B.  Tardiveau, 
443,  memorial  to  Congress.  368,  peli- 
Iton  lo  Court  of  Kaskaskia,  139, 
petition  lù  goitrtnur  oC  Virginia,  339; 
summons  Court  at  Kaskaskfa,  373; 
supporter  of  J.  Dodge,  368;  resident 


698 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


of  KaakuLJa,  415,  417;  t&kca  oath  u 

judge.  107. 
Bauvaà,  Anloinc.  Jr..  ivsidcnt  of  Kas- 

kaskù,  417;  n|!ns  contnct  with  II. 

Tudjveau,  443. 
Buiraù,  Barthy,  midcnt  of  Kukaski*. 

415 

Buirais,  Cturles,  resident  of  New 
Orleans,  414^  n-  S,  415.  n.  8. 

Bauvals,  jurqun.  family  of,  414,  n.  8. 

Sauvais,  Jean  Baptiste,  marries  Louise 
LaCraix.  414.  n.  8;  ir^idcnt  of  Kas- 
kaskia,  au. 

Bauvais,  Jean  Baptiste  Si.  Gemme,  ans 
as  writruTU,  538;  antagonism  of,  lo  K. 
Winston.  J44.  ^144.  n.  t;  appointed 
jusLirc  at  the  peace,  403;  candidate 
for  office,  369,  501,  30»;  C«*U  rote  in 
cicciion,  969,  97[,  30t;  commissiGn 
of,  401;  eontribution  ta,  to:  M.  Dc  la 
Balmc,  193,  troops,  116;  copy  of 
letter  sent  lo,  556.  ^ç.y  ;  declines  office, 
406;  deprived  of  ollicc,  406;  election 
of,  30);  magistriile  of  Court,  209. 
113.  313.  301,  jio,  405,  ic^l  marries 
Marie  Thcresc  dc  Monbreun.  414> 
n,  8;  protest  of,  to  Kaskaskians,  405". 
signs:  accusations  against  P.  H.  dc  la 
Valinière,  580,  581.  contract  with  R. 
NTCatly  and  P.  Prévost,  344,  con- 
trad  with  B.  Tardi^Tau,  443.  443. 
memorial  lo  Virginia  commissioners, 
344,  petition  to  Court  at  Kaskaslda, 
139,  petition  lo  governor  of  Virginia, 
939,  petition  lo  J.  Tofltl,  93;  sum- 
moned to  take  oath,  305,  306,  it.  t; 
B.  Tardivcau:  at  home  of.  569.  573, 
dev-ribe*  miiuion  lo,  494. 

Bauvais.  Jerome,  rcsidetiiuf  Kaskaskia, 
418. 

Bauvais.  Joseph,  resident  of  Kaskas- 
kia. 4t6.  4>7- 

Bauvais,  Joseph  Marie,  resident  of 
Ksakaskia,  415. 

Bauvai-t,  Louis,  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 

1'7- 
Sauvais,  Marguerite,  wife  of  T,  Bent- 
ley,   nvii.   la.   n,    i,   415.   "■   8;   hcg 

Hentlf^y,  Mai^eritr. 
Bauvais,  Marie  Jeanne,  marries  Ren^ 

DtipuiH,  414,  n.  8. 
Bauvais,    Matrc    Louise,    marries  Paul 

Desruisseaux,  414,  n.  8, 
Bauvai:s.  R.iphael.  Sr.  settles  at  Kas- 

kaiikin,  414.  n.  8. 
Bauvais,  Raphael,  land  owned  by,  349, 

350,  351;  marries  Catherine  Alar;-. 


414,  n.  8;  resident  «f:  Kaskaskia, 
4tS.  New  Orkans,  415,  n.  8. 

Bauvais,  Sl  Gemme,  see  Saurais 
Jean  Bte.  St.  Gemme. 

Bauvais,  Tbcnrse,  tnarttes  Antoiite 
Chenier.  414.  n.  8,  417.  n.  30. 

Itauvais,  Vital,  Sr.,  antagonism  of.  lo 
R.  Winston,  344.  ^44.  n,  1  :  baptism 
of  child  of.  57s;  candidate  for  office, 
36g,  301;  casts  vole  in  election,  34^9, 
37 1,  301:  contribution  of,  to  troopa, 
116;  copy  of  letter  sent  lo,  556,  557; 
election  of.  369,  a;o,  303,  306,  d.  t; 
magistrate,  303,  306,  n.  1,  309,  |to, 
443;  oath  of,  370;  aif;ns:  accusalKMU 
afisinst  P.  H.  de  la  Vallnl^re,  580^ 
581,  agreement,  409,  contntd  with  R. 
M'Carty  and  P-  Prévost,  243,  coo- 
Iract  with  B.  Tardiveau,  449,  443, 
memorial  10  Virginia  commissjoncta, 
344,  petition  to  governor  of  Virginia, 
239:  resident  of  Kaskaskia,  416; 
mentioned,  414,  n.  &. 

Bauvais.  Vital,  jr.,  resident  of  Kas- 
kaskia, 415- 

Baynton,  Wharton,  and  Motgan,  forma- 
tion of  firm  of,  3,  n.  i;  P.  Hanson, 
rlerk  for,  43.  n.  t;  F.  Kennedy,  agent, 
for,  »,  n.  I  ;  land  speculations  of.  18, 
n.  9;  J.  Rumny,  clerk  for,  90,  n.  i. 

Bazlle,  signs  pcUtion  ig  Court  at  Kas- 
kaskia, 139. 

Beans,  trade  in,  118. 

BeauHmu,  Marie  Catherine,  marries 
Etienne  Langlots,  416,  n.  11. 

Beaumer,  reputation  of,  loS  ;  see  Bomef. 

Keauvais,  sec  Bauvais. 

Beaver,  traffic  in,  5,  10,  15,  at,  41; 
used  as  currencv,  10,  15. 

Beckley.  John.  Life  0/  S.  Kmten  by, 
referred  to,  348.  it.  1. 

Beckley,  Captain  lA'illlam,  btog.  notice 
of.  348.  n.  I  ;  describes  sci-vice  of  Jo». 
Lindsay,  347,  348;  letter  of,  to-—, 

347- 
Beef,  furnished  lo  Indians,  358;  trade 

i",  133- 
Bclcour,  Lebrtui  dit,  sec  Lebrun. 
Beletrc,  purchases  gunpowder.  11. 
Belew,   Timothy,   lesidcnt   of   lllinota, 

431. 
Bellefontainc,  American  settlement  at, 

115,  135,  n.  3,  994;  election  of  magi^ 

traics  at.  996:  gowmment  of,  994, 

39.<;;   oath    of   inhabitants   of,    995; 

pcn'iion  of  inhabitants  of,  lo  Coutt  at 

Kaskaskia,  394. 


INDEX 


629 


Belkraoc,  murder  by.  545, 

Ucnsoti,   report  of.  On  gm-eniroeat  of 
ÎUinois,  370. 

Bentley,  Marguerilc  Bauvaja.  deprived 
of  cslate,  425,  4JI,  4J3,  435;  cfiapule 
uf,  with:  T.  Bentley.  434,  |.  Dodge, 
397-  J97-  n-  '■  43»-  4i".  4J».  4W.  4J4- 
4.Î5;  dowry  of.  4;$;  marriage  of,  415, 
n.  8,  43S;  tniaconduci  of.  .J97.  307, 
n,  a;  petition  of,  to  Congress,  431; 
placard  of  J.  Dodge  concerning,  397, 
4,^3:  sharcof.inesute,  397. 397,  D.  3. 

Bentley  (Baitlcy,  Baiily.  Bingtelay). 
Thomas,  biog.  notice  of,  xvii;  abusrn 
F.  Carbonncaux,  37,  38;  accused  of 
Ireaclicr^-,  0.  14,  16,  17,  n.  1:  accuses 
E*.  de  Rocheblave  of  exciting  Indî&nit, 
39:  advice  to,  in  regard  to  release,  77  ; 
antagonism  to.  101,  ao^,  »05;  appeals 
to  government  of  Virginia,  333,  935; 
arrest  Ot.  xxi.  t,  n.  a,  tj,  17,  n.  3.  4t> 
loS:  asks  D.  Murray  to  eitonrratc 
him,  9;  at:  Ka.\!uukia,  xvii,  196, 
Montreal,  io<*.  i.î^,  Ouyah,  173. 
Pcn.iiu-oU.  iAq,  Sulli\'ans  Stalion, 
«49,  VintTniW-'*,  168;  l)oat  of:  on  Ohio 
River,  xxiv.  ,15,  p>IIaKe<l  by  Indians. 
39;  J.  Bowman  urges  release  of,  yi. 
7  4  ;  certificate  concrmin^,  of  :  D. 
Murray.  216.  R.  Winston,  as;; 
changes  in  petition  of.  4,  n.  i; 
commercial  relations  of,  with:  B. 
Lachapelle,  15,  P.  de  Rocheblave. 
14, 37.  Viviat,  15:  complaints:  aeainsi, 
17,  14),  of,  against  P.  dc  Rocheblave, 
14.  15,  16.  R.  Winston.  atS;  conversa- 
tion of,  with  Charlevillc,  33  ;  death  of, 
433;  denies  correspondence  with 
Americans,  iî,  13,  14.  4»,  169;  de- 
panure  of,  for:  Michillimackinac. 
17,  n.  2;  Virginia.  131;,  249,  349,  n.  i. 
J.  Dodge  administrator  for,  377; 
n.  »,  39S;  double  dealings  of.  «viii, 
xni,  JJJ,  173;  effctt  on,  erf  impriion- 
menl,  73,  74;  onqutres  concerning 
spies,  icriii,  S:  escape  of,  135,  168, 
171;  estate  of.  397.  397.  n.  a.  39S; 
fined  for  selling  liquor  m  Indians,  141 
J.  GirauLt  urxcs  release  ot,  74;  im- 
prisonment of.  Kvii,  T«ii,  fi,  9,  73, 

73.  "■  a.  74.  ?*•  '.Î3.  SO''  397,  n-  «1 
Indians  ask  permission  lo  trade  with, 
34.  39;  Inleirourse  of,  with:  Ameri- 
cans, xix,  XK,  xx\,  xxil,  xxiii,  xxiv, 
13.  [3,  n.  4,  13,  14.  34,  35,  43,  179. 
C  R.  Clark,  xvlii,  8,  n.  3,  73.  n.  3, 
Indians,  170;    interest    of   American 


officers  tn,  nd,  73, 73,  n.  3, 74  ;  Jualire  : 
demanded  fori  an,  336,  denied  to, 
an,  aao,  aaa,  934;  land  owned  b)*, 
349;  tansuit  of,  with:  R.  M'Carty, 
303,  D-  3,  331,  P.  Pr«vosl,  aai; 
tetter  of,  to:  C.  R.  Clark,  169,  A.  S. 
De  Pcysler.  loS,  168,  172,  enemies, 
aoa,  1''.  Haldiniand,  135,  i;i,  D. 
Murray,  6;  8;  letter  to,  from:  1. 
Bradley.  76.  A.  S.  Dc  Pcystcr.  roS, 
D,  Murray,  6;  loiises  of,  for  American 
cause,  xx:  marries  Marguerite  Rau- 
vais.  xvij,  13,  a,  1,  16, 435;  meets  W. 
Linn,  xix,  xix,  n.  a,  xx,  xxl,  xxll; 
miaireatment  of,  by:  British,  xx, 
<i.  Cerr^,  Ï03,  P.  dc  Rocheblave,  10, 
14,  15,  16,  43,  aoi;  mistreats  Kas- 
kaskians,  243;  misunderstanding  of, 
with  wife,  434;  money  owed  to,  lat, 
333.  aat;  mortgage  of,  to;  U.  Murray 
agent  fur,  41  oeulrality  of,  9,  135; 
notilics  Court  of  his  Appeal  to  Vii^ 
ginia,  335;  oath  miuirrd  oF,  919, 
330,  333,  334,  336,  337,  330,  330, 
n.    I,    33A;  pntrioiism  of,  xx,    171; 

(layment  by,  345;  petition  of:  for 
and,  43,  to  C.  Carteiun,  41,  Virginia 
House  of  Delegates,  xx;  promised 
gunpowder  by  G.  R.  Clark,  170; 
protest  of,  10  Court  at  Kaskoskia, 
aao,  334;  refuses  to  take  oaih,  3)o; 
relations  of,  with  C  R.  Clark,  xxii, 
xxill,  xxiv;  release  of.  76.  77;  reports 
to  c;.  R.  Clark  of  M.  <ie  la  Ualme. 
173;  return  of.  to  Illinois,  i;8,  196; 
f.  Rogers  friend  of,  xxiv;  ruin  of, 
171.  173,  303,  303;  secures  release  of 
P.  Dejcan,  104,  n.  4,  168;  services  of, 
xxi;  slaves  •}(,  397;  stirs  up  discord, 
196;  support  of.  by:  O.  R.  Clark, 
XXV,  French,  7;  susjiei-ted  by:  R. 
Ueorgv,  314.  n.  i.  P.  de  Rocheblave, 
xviii,  17,  n.  a:  takes  oath,  an.  aat, 
334;  testimony  of  P.  de  Rochcbla^-e 
on,  xd,  179;  trade  of,  xvlt,  10,  11, 
13.  31,  a4.  30.  3'.  3'.  SS-  34.  iS- 
36.  41,  42.  9S.  171.  iJ3,  17^;  urges 
Knglish  occupation  of  Illinois,  17a; 
vistis  Virginia,  xxv,  149;  wife  of,  303, 
»3,  n.  I,  305.  S97>  397-  »■  ».  4tS. 
n.  8,  4,10.  431- 

Bernard,  Father,  see  Limpach,  Bernard 
de. 

Bethel  Baptist  Chureb,  establlslunent 
of,  443,  n.  I. 

Bienvenu  (llienvenue.  Bienvenus),  M 
Dclisle  (DclilleJ,  see  Uelisle. 


I 


630 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Bigact,  Ma*ea,  dgna  contract  wîifa  h. 

Tftrdivcau,  444. 
Biggt,  Geoi^  reaident  of  Illinoît,  433; 

tSgOM  contract  with  B.  Tardi>-esu,  444 . 
Blg^  Thonuu,  reddent  of  Illinois,  433; 

aijpu  coDtract  with  B.  TarHivnu,  445. 
BifR»,  WilIFani.  bîaK.  notice  uf,  tvfcmn 

to,43i,n.M;  rr-tidenlof  lllmoJs,43i: 

signs cim tract  with  B.  T«n)ire«u,  445. 
B{i)gteUy,Thoma5.*cc  Bent  Iry, Thomas. 
Blraa.  H.,  ilgns  letter  to  Seminary  of 

Quebec.  566.  567. 
"Black  Code."  ukcd  for  ljy  Koskas- 

kivu.  aSS;   Fn^nrh  a,gree  10  eaforre, 

91,93;  in  G.   R.  Clark's  proclnmi- 

tkui,  65-68;  «ee  slaves. 
Blualer,  Law,  tif^ns  conlrscl  with  B. 

Tardiveau,  443. 
Blay,  Antoine,  resident  of  Ptairic  du 

Rot  lier,  410. 
Slay,  Charles,  resident  of   Prairie  da 

Rocher,  410. 
Blay,    Joaeph,  Sr.,  trsideni  <rf  Prairie 

du  Rocher,  430;    signs  manorial  to 

Congress,  36;  ;  supporter  of  J.  Dodge, 

367,  n.  I  ;  votes  for  judge,  «6. 
Blay,  Josefih,  Jr.,  resident  of  Prairie  du 

Rocher,  430. 
Blay,  Louis,    resident    of    Prairie    du 

Rorher.  430. 
Blin,  Pierre,  mentioned,  38. 
Bloomfield,  Joseph,  petition  of,  to  Con- 

«nas.  469, 
BloUin,    Daniel,    Sr.,   sirds!     contract 

with  R.  M  'Carty  and  P.  Ptewwt,  an, 

C'liiion  to  governor  of  Virginia,  339; 
nd  ownw!  fiy,  ,^49,  .150. 

BloUin,  [Daniel  ?),  Jr.,  iiffos  commission. 
317;  supports  R.  Winston.  317,  n.  1. 

Boarfl  of  CutiiLitis^oncrs  of  Virginia,  at 
Kails  of  Oliio,  318,  318,346;  appoint' 
mcnt  of.  319,  33S;  composition  of, 
3>3.  314.  318:  delegation  sent  to.  346; 
letter  of,  10  Court  M  ICaska.«kia,  319. 
330,  Vincenncs,  319;  memorial  to, 
from  iohabiianis  of  Illinois,  319,  339, 
340;  proclamation  <d.  317,  318;  re- 
port of,  on  T.  dc  Monbreun.  337,  n.  i. 

Board  of  Treasury,  pelilion  of  G. 
Morgan  referred  to,  470,  471:  pub- 
lic land  controlled  by.  47»,  478,  480, 
481.  483.  484.  490. 

Boisbriant.  land  grants  by,  416.  D.  3i, 
46.t- 

Bolsdor^,  Louis,  lawsuit  of.  tu.  Provcau, 
QSt  ^-  97  ;  aigra  petition  to  Court  at 
Kaskaslcia,  97. 


Bolduc.  buys  negro,  377. 

Bolen  (Bolon).  lUppotite.  Indian  fnter- 

pretcr.  34  ;   testimony  of,  in  Ccnirt  of 

Enquiry,  xix..  n.  3.  24.  34. 
Ilollon.  Colonel,  mentioned,  loj. 
Homer  [Hcaumei'J,  Louis,  biog.  notice 

of,9,n.3;  clerk  of  T.  Bentley,  9.  n.  9, 

^5-  3^  ^-  33-    makes    acxrusations 

against  T.  Bentley,  9;  notes  of,  10; 

reputation  of,  108. 
Bond,  of  R.  Winston  as  sheriff,  87. 
Bond.  Shadrach,  biog.  notice  of,  431,  a. 

2;    land  grvit  to,  351;    resident  of 

lllinoif,  411;     signs:     contract    with 

D.    Tardiveau.    444,    memorial    10 

Congfte,  368  ;  supporter  of  J.  Dodge, 

368,  n  1. 
Bond  Brook,  N,  J.,  winter  qtiartcrs  of 

G.  Washington,  75. 
Don  vouloir,  wounded,  585. 
Boonsboronigh.  supplies  at.  75, 
Bordeaux,  exchange  of,  133. 
Borks,  Samuel,  signs  contract  with  B. 

Tardivniu,  441;. 
Ilomeron  [Bosrotts.  KazroeO],  Major 

I'mncois,  agent  of  Vincenncs,  346  a. 

1;    letter  of.  to  G.  R.  Clark.  346; 

order  to.  from   G.   K.  Clark,    159; 

mentioned,  151. 
Boston.  pTOclaoiation  of  Kinguf  France 

in,  130. 
Bnurher,  itee  l)e  Monbreun. 
Bougie,  see  Bnugy- 
Bounty  money,  land  given  instead  of, 

MS- 

BouvcC  dit  LacKambrc,  Doctor  Jean, 
comes  to  Canada,  41Q.  n.  54. 

Bouvet,  Mathurin,  biog.  notice  of,  419, 
n.  54:  arrest  of.  403;  law-smc  of, 
with  F.  St,  M,  Montigny,  403.  404; 
magistrale,  391.  ,103,  401;  manic* 
Marie  Joscphic  Soumande,  410.  n, 
54  ;  orders  appointment  of  guardian, 
3Q4i  petition  lo,  from  J.  Uaugy,  391, 
394..  J.  Dupuis,  393,  394:  protest  of. 
vs.  H.  Smith,  403;  resident  of  fCa»- 
kaskia,  41 0- 

Bowic.  James,  land  grant  to,  35a 

Bowman,  messenger  for  J.  Todd,  75, 
i»S. 

Bowman,  Colonel  John,  commander 
at  IlarrodfburK,  347;  offers  set^ 
vices,  76:  pro^-id«  bacon  for  troops, 
63- 

Bowman,  Major  Joseph,  letter  of.  to 
R.  B.  Lemoutt.  xn.,  73:  urges  re- 
IcajK  of  T.  Bentley,  73,  74. 


INDEX 


631 


Bojd.  Joha,  signs  commissioa,  317; 
supports  R.  Winston,  ji;,  n.  1. 

Boyd,  John  fi.,  nukcs  QOpy  ol  Irttcr, 
348.  ^48.  n.  1. 

Boyic.  Philip.  letter  to,  Irom  J.  Dod^e, 
104:  marchant  «t  Sandosky,  105, 

Bradford,  Captain,  arrival  oi,  at  Vin- 
cenncs,  ^02. 

Dndlcy,  John,  advice  of,  to  T.  Dcniley, 
77;  Idler  of,  to  T.  Beniley,  76. 

Biadley,  Sam,  signs  at  witness,  50J. 

Brashcn  {firmshars,  Unshear,  Bnuh- 
eara,  fireshen).  Bcltaahaaer,  resident 
of  Illinois,  433. 

Bnshen,  Captain  Tobias,  goes  10  Fori 
Jefferson,  345;  marri«  Miss  Brookes, 
'9St  I97>  resident  of  Illinois,  ^73; 
■àU  bone  10  Crouchcr,  2531  s'igas: 
contract  with  B.  Tardivcau,  445, 
nuemoriitl  (oCangresa,366;  supporter 
of  J.  DikIrc,  j68,  n.  i. 

Bnso.  sec  Krauaux. 

Biawney,  land  K'^'^l  to,  ,150. 

Braxeaiu  (Braseau,  BiÀko,  BraMUx, 
Drapeau,  Dnurauc),  Augustin,  resi- 
dent of  Ka^kukia,  41A. 

Braxeaux,  Françoise,  wife  of  Jean  Bte. 
Charleville.  tç,  n.  1. 

Braz«aux,  Joseph.  Sr.,  Iiing.  notice  of, 
iQ,  n.  i:  captftinof  militia,  19:  mem- 
ber of  Court  of  Knqiiiry,  19,  «6. 

Braxcaux,  Madainc  [JuMph  Sr.P]  con- 
tribution of.  to  troops,  M'a. 

Brazeaux,  Joseph,  Jr.,  contribution  of, 
to  troops,  116;  resident  of  Kaskss- 
kia,  416- 

BraxcBUx,  I^uis,  Sr.,  biog.  notice  of,  rç, 
n.  i;  anta^'onlsm  of,  to  K.  Winston, 
344,  344,  n.  e;  candidate  for  ofGce, 
369,  301,  301;  caaH  vole  in  elettion, 
a^.  3M  ;  contrihution  of,  to  M.  de  la 
Balme,  igj;  elected  maftialmtc,  303; 
residentof  Kaikaskia,  416;  si^ns:  ac- 
cusation against  F.  H.  cle  laValini^re, 
580,  581,  contract  with  R.  M'Carty 
and  P.  Prrvost,  143,  conlriuit  with 
fi.  Tardivcau,  443,  443,  memorial  10 
Virginia  commission.  344.  petition  to 
Court  of  Ka^kaskia,  1J9,  189,  peli> 
lion  to  governor  oii  Virginia,  939; 
summoned  to  lake  oath,  305,  306. 

Brawftox,  Louis,  Jr.,  resident  of  Kas- 
kaskin,  4t6. 

Brearley,  I)uvid,  petition  of,  to  Con- 
Çrrss.  4fi<j. 

Bnan.  Mn.,  prisoner  at  Dclawarv 
Town,  503. 


BrUnd,  Bisliop,  characterization  ot  P. 

H.  de  la  Valiniirc  hr.  xxxix,  d;  kt- 
Icr  to.  from  Monlgolficr,  xxxix. 

Briselout,  Antoine,  resident  of  Xaa- 
kaskia,  417. 

Brisctout,  Nicolas,  resident  of  Kaskas- 
kia.  417- 

Broadhcad,  Colonel,  commander  at 
Fort  I'iit,  aio. 

Brookes,  departure  of,  195,  197. 

Brown,  William,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tardivcau,  444. 

Brunei.  Marie  Louise,  marries  Claude 
Chenier,  417,  n.  39. 

Bruyat,  sec  Buyat. 

Bryent.  James,  .sign»  contract  wlih  B, 
Fardivrau,  444. 

Buan.  Louis,  vjies  for  judKc,  86. 

Buckhanan,  James,  financial  diflicul- 
lies  of,  1 35»  "6- 

Burke,  desires  to  enter  Baltimore  dio> 
cese,  600,  601. 

Burton,  C.  M.,  possessor  of  J.  Askin 
papers,  44,  n.  3. 

Bushndt,  Eusebius,  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardivcau,  4^5■ 

Bushncll,  Exra,  signs  conlrocl  vHtb  B. 
Tardivcau.  445. 

Busk,  arrests  M.  Bouvet,  403. 

Buyat  (Buiat,  Buiate,  Brural),  AntoinC] 
Sr.,  casts  %'Oie  in  election,  369; 
candidate  for  oflice,  301;  resident 
of  Kaskaskia,  416;  signs:  contract 
with  R.  M'Carty  and  P.  Prévost,  243, 
contract  with  B.  Tardiveau,  441, 
memorial  to  Conjfress.  3(17,  petition 
tu  Court  at  Kaxka>kia,  390,  petition 
to  governor  of  Virginia,  939;  sup- 
ports J.  Oodftc,  367,  n,  I. 

Buyat,  Antoine,  Jr.,  resident  ùÊ  Kaa> 
kaskia,  416. 

Buyat.  Antoine.  TH.,  resident  of  Kaa- 
kaakia,  416. 

Buyat.  Aymé,  nsidenl  of  Kaskaskia. 
416;  signs:  contract  with  R.  M'Carty 
and  P.  Prévoit,  j^j,  petition  to  gov- 
ernor of  Virginia.  339. 

Buyat.  Claude,  resident  of  Kaska&kia, 
418. 

Buyat.  Louis,  Sr.,  resident  of  Kaskas* 
kia,  411S:  signs:  agrcemeni,  409. 
petition  to  governor  of  Virginia. 
aj9. 

Buyat,  Louts,  Jr..  resident  of  Kaskas- 
kia. 41A. 

Buyat,  Pierre,  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 
41S. 


63» 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Buyen  [?]  Antotne.  cuididw  for  office, 

yj\. 
Byron,  James,  signs  petition  to  Court 

St  KÛkAsIua.  iM. 
Bymn,  Benjnmîn,  Uok.  notice  of,  492. 

n.  13;  resident  of  Illinois,  433;  s^ns 

contract  with  B.  Tartli»«ay,  445. 
Byrun,  John,  ie«Ident  of  Illinois,  433. 
Bynui,  Joseph,  resident  of  Illinois,  431. 

Cadrait,  Charles,  captain  of  militia,  j8; 
marries  Genevieve  Hemet,  30,  n.  1; 
member  of  Court  of  Enquiry,  18,  3(3; 
*I(nt  tesiiiDony,  96,  37,  3%  30, 31, 32, 

J3.  W-  36.  3*.  39.  40- 

Cadnm,  Pierre,  father  of  Chas.  Cadran, 
96,  n.  1. 

Caho,  Cahoe,  see  Cahokta. 

Cabolcia  (CaKo,  Cahur,  Cabos,  Cashout, 
Cohos,  Kahokias,  Eaokios,  Kohos), 
assembly  at,  567;  attitude  of  in- 
habitanla  of,  towaids  T.  Carroll,  573; 
building  at,  of:  cDorch,  xxxvll, 
xJixvii,  n,  1,  5^1  rectory,  571;  dc- 
muiitjim  of  cËurch  at,  563;  Father 
V.  de  St.  Pierre  at,  xxxvil,  534,  n.  1 , 
566;  diaordcn  in,  447,  J^)»  5^i 
580;  elections  in,  368;  P.  Uibault 
obtains  ecclesiastical  property  at,  so6, 
n.  I.;  charter  of,  463,  464;  commons 
In,  77;  communication  of,  with;  Ka^ 
fcasicla,  358,  St.  Louis,  35S;  court  ni. 
68,  n.  I,  ii;,n.  t,  350,  n.  ),  381,  n.  t, 
431,  n.  7.,  Father  B.  de  Lirapach  «(, 

Èao.  530,  D.  3;  «ant  of,  463;  In- 
ahitanlit  of:  aadtiaa  M.  de  la 
Balmc,  189,  n.  i,  confide  in  P.  de 
St.  I'ierre,  555.  fumiih  supptiri,  105, 
grant  power  of  aHumpy  to  P.  Ptcvoil, 
341,  n.  I.  join  M.  dc  la  fiulmc.  196. 
make  contract  with  B.  Tardlvenu, 
441,  n.  I,  oppose  P.  H.  dc  la  Vali- 
n^rc,  xtiv,  555,  556,  petition  Con- 
gress, 410.  n.  s,  4tt.  447.  4S4.  A*>3- 
465,  466,  471.  477.  481.  483.  483. 
n.  I,  receive  land  grant.  481,  .lend 
Lebrun  to  Congress,  385,  n.  3;  letlcr 
of  Inhabilanu  of,  to  Seminary  of 
Quebec,  ;6â:  letlcr  to  inhalijtanis 
of,  from:  R.  GeorRc,  314,  n.i;  P. 
H.  de  la  Valinlfcre,  «iv.  548,  549. 554; 
militia  of,  19;  mis.<tton  at,  ^(n,  569, 
i^it  567;  J-  Montgomer)-  sillies  to, 
139;  notice  of  Board  of  Commis- 
sioners in,  Jtç;  population  of,  449, 
479;  prapcrly  of  Seminary  of  Quebec 
^,  S99;    records  of,  xv,  350,  □.   i; 


sale  of  mission  at,  561,  563;  siae  of, 
463;  trade  of,  with  New  Orlfans, 
507;  trading  post  at.  13,  383,  383, 
n.  r,,î9S,  411. 

Cahokia  Indian*,  Patoka  clitef  of,  39. 

Cahos,  sec  Cahokia. 

Caillot,  dit  [jKhanse,  «ce  Lachanxc. 

Caltttiar  0}  Frcnkiin  Pafirrt,  refemd 

to,  f.  D.  2. 

Calmer  0/  Virginia  State  Pafitrs,  re- 
ferred to,  ».  n.  a,  XXV,  n.  1,  ï>  a.  7, 
7,  n.  t,  I  ti,  n.  1.  195,  n.  1.  ai4>  D>  i> 
315,  n.  I,  148,  n.  I,  249,  o.  I,  346, 

D.   I. 

Cameron,  .\ngus,  s^ns  court  lecoiil,  60. 

Camouns,  Jean  Baptiste,  votes  for 
magistrate,  a93. 

Camp,  Irabod,  ].  Dodge  seizes  goods  of, 
4JJ- 

Camp,  Miss,  raarriw^  of,  to  Retbl,  570. 

Camp  Jefieison,  see  Fort  JclTrrfion. 

Campbell  (Campbcl,  Campbk),  Colonel 
Arthur,  money  eiitrustea  to,  135. 

Camjtiicll,  General,  position  of,  in 
Georgia.  75-     . 

Canada  (Kannady),  attitude  of,  to- 
wards American  Revolution,  56,  57: 
constitution  ol,  6ci;  invited  to  Join 
American  cause,  64,  lai;  rumored 
attack  on,  (;j. 

Canada,  François  Enau  dit,  mIdeiU 
of  Kaakaskia,  4 16. 

Canada,  Nicolas,  land  grant  to,  350; 
resident  of  KUkaskia,  416;  signs: 
commission,  317,  contract  with  K. 
M'Carly  and  P.  Prc\-u«I.  344,  con- 
tract with  B.  Tardlveau,  443.  memo- 
rial to  Con^ireM,  3(17,  petition  to 
^vernor  of  Virifinia,  340;  supporter 
of:  J.  Dodge,  367,  n.  t,  R.  wiosioD, 

317.1-  '■ 

Canadian  archives,  referred  to,  11,  n.  i, 
90,  n.  I. 

Cananvllle,  surname  of  Soumandc  fam- 
ily, 417.  n-.l6- 

Carbonncaux  (Carbonau.  Carboneaus, 
Carbcncaus,  Carbonnaux),  Francois, 
bluff,  notice  of,  6,  n.  3;  abused  by 
T.Bentley,  37.38;  agent  for  French, 
369,  370;  certifies  copy  of  will,  333; 
clerk  of  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  68,  73, 
79,  67. 88. 99,  100,  lot,  III,  113,  119, 

"4r  13s.  '.î*>  "■  '•  '"•  ''S.  'i*-  *40, 
344.  391,  303.  306;  commission  of, 
as  agent,  315;  complaint  of  J,  La- 
biixiere  againitt,  357;  debtor  to  C. 
Oratiot.  ^;    elected  clerk,  6,  n.  3, 


INDEX 


*« 


7,  n.;  fillun  of,  In  Vii]^nia,  369,  n.  i  ; 
fee   of,    100,    lot;    gives   notlre   of 

Kublic  «ale,  39g;  Jealotuy  of,  258; 
:Ucf  of,  (o  Court  &t  KwkuUa,  303  ; 
nuke.1  ropiea  of  clorumenls,  136,  n.  i  ; 
mcinoriBl  of,  Ed  CunKn;^.  369,  370, 
413:  m'awn  «rf.  10  Virsinu,  jiq,  n, 
1,369.  n.  t;  fiolary,  fi,  n.  3,  7,  n.,  399, 
to6;  otiLb  (if,  M  cIcH:,  108;  plurard  of 
R.  Wiiision  tirouflbt  to  oŒce  of,  «$4; 
presents  incmorial  to  Cotigrcs,  413; 
records  petition,  340,  aut  ;  rcf u»cs 
to  Kcoipiize  pctiiioit  of  T.  BeniW. 
aai;  nsi^ation  of,  303;  «efh 
noturint,  jo6;  »iana:  k.i  wilncM,  364, 
537.  contract  with  R.  M'Carly  and 
P.  Prr^-ost,  *44;  «upporlcr  of  R. 
Win»ton,  34,1;  tc-stimon)-  of:  J46, 
n.  1,  in  Court  ot  Enquiry,  «5,  36. 

Ciknl in,  mentioned,  151. 

Canlin.-tl,  Mudelcinc,  marries  Jean  Btc. 
Bcrtlor  Barrois,  418,  n.  51- 

Carleton  (Cariton),  Governor  Guy, 
complainis  against  P.  de  Rochchlave 
sent  to,  10,  ao,  »6;  (pavcmment  of. 
57;  letter  10.  from  P.  de  RoE'hcbUvc. 
41;  petition  lo,  from:  T.  Bentley, 
41 ,    D.  Murray.  4;    titles  of,  41, 

Carney,  mentioned,  376. 

Cdrrington,  report  of,  on:  govemmcni 
of  Northwest,  399,  n.  t,  tnemorial  of 
C.  Morgan,  479. 

Carroll  (Carrol).  Bîihop  John,  ap- 
pointed prefect  apo«iolic,  xxrir,  547, 
569.  57a;  appoirHment  by,  of:  P.  dc 
St.  Ptcrre,  xxn,  587.  P.  H,  dc 
la  Valinitre,  xlii,  5R1,  J.  I^tJru,  I, 
5 10;  altitude  towards,  of  inhab- 
itants of  Cahokia,  573;  character  of, 
589;  enttuire*  concerning:  P.  H.  de 
Is  Valinifcrc,  5S1,  Northwest,  59a.  507, 
59^1  .^Q9i  ^00,  601,  60a:  jurifuiiclioji 
of,  xjnd,  xnxv,  XXXV,  n.  4.  S*».  5"?. 
588,  59S.  596:  interest  of,  in  North- 
west, XXXV,  596,  597,  598.  599.  600, 
601,  603;  letter  of,  to:  Cnrdinal  G. 
Anlonelti,  xxxv.  Bishop  of  Quebec, 
581,  581,  n.  I,  586,  S93,  599  P. 
Gibault,  590,  zqj;  letter  to,  from: 
Bishop  of  Queoec,  5S6,  60a,  P.  de 
St.  Pfette,  xxxvl,  J.  Bdgar.  531,  P. 
GibauFt,  syo,  1^90,  n,  i,  L.  Tournicr, 
5.)t;  memorial  erf,  to  C.  Washington, 

Cnrtabona,  lee  de  Cartaltona. 
Carter,  C.  E-,  Britisb  Rfgime  i»  Ulinoii 
by,  lefemed  10,3,  n.  t,  18,  n.  9,384,  n.  a. 


Carton,  Jacfiues  Felix  Theodore,  douh 
of,  387.  38S.  5*^- 

Ca9cacbi»,  aee  Kaska^kia. 

Cascakia,  sec  KosLaskia. 

Cafcrain,  P.  I).,  mentioned,  330,  n.  a. 

Casnout,  see  Cahokia. 

Cask&kca,  see  Kaskaskia. 

Caskaskia,  Caskasklos,  see  Kaskaskia. 

Cauelman,  Salvenca,  signs  contract 
with  B.  Tar<liveau,  443. 

CasterlanH,  Peter,  resident  of  Illinois, 
433;  signs  contract  irich  B.  Tar- 
dlvcau,  444- 

Ceiles,  see  Tin  Celles. 

Census,  made  for  B.  Tardiveau,  414, 
R.  i;  of:  Americans  in  Illinois,  421, 
ICaskaskia,  414,  Prairie  du  Rorher, 
4iy, 

Ceres,  Gabriel,  see  Cerr^.  Gabriel. 

Cert^  (C(na,  Cerrie).  Gabriel,  Uog. 
notite  of,  referred  to,  49,  n,  r  ;  ab- 
sence of,  from  Kaskaskla,  48; 
tuitsj^nlsm  of,  to;  Amcric&ns.  49, 
49,  n.  1,  50,  n.  I,  T-  Bentley,  8.  168, 
i;i,  303;  aslis  pawporl  from  G.  R. 
CIvk,  49'.  ccrlilîcatc  of  election  of, 
86.  87;  contribution  of.  to  troops, 
116;  describes  situation  in  Illinois, 
383,384,385;  executor  for  L.  Viviat, 

49 .  1 13 ,  I Ï4  ;  ignorance  of,  of 
judiciary.  384,  n.  a;  land  grant  to,  78; 
law-suit  of,  133;  letter  of,  to  G.  R. 
Clark,  48,  ]oi;  letter  to,  fnsm  Mon- 
forton.  53;  magistrate,  96,  loi,  in, 
113.  134;  petition  of.  to  Court  al 
Kaslcaskia,  311;  proclamation  of, 
prohibiting  exports,  lor;  lent  s  forge 
to  troops.  103;  sells  land  to  S.  Trigg, 
73.  79;  service»  of.  for  state,  loj; 
signs  petition  to  J,  Todd,  93;  sub- 
mission of,  to  G.  R.  Clark,  48,  49. 
n.  1  ;  supports  British  cause,  49,  n,  i, 

50,  n.  i;  lesiimony  of,  before  Con- 
gress, 3S3;  tools  of,  carried  off  by 
soldiers,  to3,  104:  trade  of,  48; 
narrant  lo,  for  special  MssiOD  of 
Court.  106. 

Ccrt^.  Mme.  Gabriel,  gives  flag  to  P. 
de  Rocheblnve,  34;  testimony  of,  in 
Court  of  Enquiry,  94,  39. 

Certificate,  hy:  J,  Girault  of  appoint- 
meni,  94,  J.  Moiilgorncr)-  of  wrvicrs 
of  T.  de  Monbreun,  333,  333,  31;, 
336.  l>,  Murray  concerning  T. 
Bcnllpy,  336,  J.  Todd  of  election, 
&6,  87',  R.  Winston  concerning  T. 
Bentley,  aa?. 


("34 


lLLL\OIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


CbaJfio,  Anos.  residenl  of  Illinois,  433. 

Chtlfin,  baac,  miilcnl  of  IllincHi,  41^; 

rigu   contract    with   B.   T&rdlwau, 

Cblagn,  William,  mldent  of  IllincU, 

CbambcrbUn  {ChunbcHan),  Louis  Oer- 
vais,  reports  sbooling.jS;;  signs  con- 
inct  witli  fi.  Tardiveau,  44a. 

Chapelle,  tee  Lachapcllt. 

dtarlesion,  captured  by  English,  ijX; 
P.  H.  (tc  la  ValinAn  projects  mis- 
sion  at.  ^60. 

Charlevtlle  (Charfwccle),  Chauvin  dU, 
itccived  money  from  J.  Buckhanan. 
laA;  runaway  slave  of,  150;  &igns 
OODtract  with  B.  Tardlrâau,  441: 
sympathy  of,  with  Aineriran9,8, 8,  n.  t  ; 
tnde  of,  with  New  Orleans,  7. 

Charlcvllle,  Oisrl«s.  casu  vote  in 
clcction,a69,jos;  certificate  of  election 
of,  S6  ;  contribution  uf ,  to  truups, 
105,  116;  executor  for  R.  M'Carty. 
330;  mngittrole,  M,  »09.  Ï13,  113. 
prominence  of,  414,  n.  3;  resident  of 
Ka'ïka.-tkiA.  417:  sijfns:  contnrt 
with  R.  Ni'Carty  and  P.  Pfcrost,  143 , 
petition  to  Court  at  Ka^kaitVia,  sS^, 
petition  to  governor  of  Virginia.  339, 
petition  of,  to  J.  Todd,  94. 

ChiiHcvIlle,  François,  appointment  tent 
10,98;  candidate  for  olTice,  369,301; 
CMAbt  vote  in  clcrtiun,  169,  371;  elec- 
tion of,  303;  land  fcnuil  to,  350,  3.^1  ; 
prominenre  of,  414,  n.  3;  resident 
of  Kaskaskia.  416;  signit:  conlraict 
with  R.  M'Carty  and  P.  Prewft. 
343,  J44,  pelilion  to  Court  at  Kas- 
kaxkia,  sAçi,  pclitiun  lu  governor  of 
Vinifini».  3,19  i  sununoncd  to  take 
oath,  305,  30ft 

Charleville,  Jean,  marriea  Agnra  La 
Croix,  414.  n>  3. 

Charleville,  Jean  Baptiste,  Sr.,  cnntri- 
bution  of,  to  troop*,  116;  death  of, 
414,  n.  3:  election  of,  107.  370,  370, 
n.  i;  family  nf,  414,  n.  a;  migistritc, 
73.  370;  sijtns:  contract  with  R- 
M'Cftrty  and  V.  FrcvnsC.  143,  petition 
to  goi,Tmor  of  Virginia,  339;  «nit 
of,  bcforv  Court,  in:  talu»  oath  as 
judge.  107,  170, 

Charleville,  Jran  lîaptiMc,  Jr.,  ca»ts 
vote  in  election,  36g;  resident  of 
Kaikaskia,  d  t4  :  -^igns:  contract 
with  R.  M'Csrlyand  1'.  Pmn»!,  3^4, 
petition  to  governor  of  Virginia,  339. 


CbaHevflle,  Joaeph.  I.,  blof;.  natlr«  of. 
414,  n.  3;  testifmny  of,  in  Court  of 
Enquiry.  23.  35,  a*,  a/. 

Charleville,  Joaeph,  H.,  résident  of 
Kaskaskia,  416. 

Charleville,  Joseph,  IlL,  naJdent  of 
Kaslcaskia,  414. 

Charleville,  Loub,  Sr.,  resMeot  of 
Kaskaskia,  414. 

Charleville.  Louis,  Jr.,  resident  of 
tCaskaskia,  416. 

Chatcl,  L.,  dgns  letter  to:  F.  H.  de  la 
Valiniîre,  557,  Seminary  of  Quebec, 
566,  567. 

Chauanon  River,iee  Cumberland  River. 

Chaufour,  «ee  Duciiaufour. 

Chauvin,  éii  CbarievOle,  see  Charle- 
ville. 

Chenrv,  William,  signs  contract  with 
B.  'tardivcau,  444- 

Chenicr  (Cheync,  Cheynle).  candidate 
for  olTice,  303;   votes  in  election,  jor. 

Chenier,  Antoine,  hostility  of,  to  R. 
WinMon,  344,  344,  n.  i;  marries 
Tbcrese  Bauvaii,  414.  n.  8,  417. 
n.  39;  Tcsidrnt  of  Kaskaskla.  4t7< 
signs:  conlrart  with  B.  Tarriiveau, 
443,  memorial  Co  VirRinia  commti- 
sioncrç,  34J, 

Chrnicr,  Claurle,  marries  Marie  Louise 
Brunct,  417,  n.  99. 

Chenier.  François,  lesidcni  of  Kaakas- 
kia,  417. 

Ciicnier,  Jaccmes,  Sr.,  manies  Thense 
.Archange  Boucher  dc  Monbreon, 
417,  n.  39;  irnidcnt  of  Kukaskia, 
417;  siipis:  agreement,  40Q.  con- 
tract with  H.  lardix'Caii.  ^A'•  merno- 
rial  to  Congmw,  36;,  pelttiun  to 
governor  of  Virginia>  340;  supporter 
of  J.  Uodgc.  367. 

Chenier,  Jacques,  Jr.,  reaidcnt  of 
Ka^uskia,  417. 

Ciienicr.  Marie  Louise,  marries  Joaeph 
Poupart,  417,  n.  39. 

Cherokee  Indians,  land  cessions  by, 
144;   treaty  with,  ijft. 

Clicrokce  RiiTr.  Fort  Mis»iac  on,  toç. 

Chevalier  (Chevallier).  Andt^^  resident 
of  Prairie  du  Hociier,  430. 

Chevalier,  Joseph,  leadent  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher.  410. 

Chevalier,  Louis,  mentioned  hy  A.  S. 
Dc  Pcysicr  in  letter.  46,  46,  n.  t. 

Chevalier,  hfjtrie  Charlotte,  marries 
Antoine  Deshftres,  419,  n-  .15. 

Chevalier,  Pierre,  reaident  of  Prairie  du 


INDEX 


63s 


Rocher,  4J0;  jjgns  contract  with 
II.  Tnixlivrau,  ^43. 

Ch«ync,  soc  Chcnicr, 

Chcynic,  sec  Chcnicr, 

Chicago  (Chitcsgou),  P.  de  Rochcblaïc 
at,  353. 

Chicago  Historical  Socîely,  CaUedioni 
at,  referred  to,  4,  n,  4.  4.  n.  5.  $o.n.  1, 
ICI,  n.  I.  to6,n.  1, 107,0.  a,  138,  n.  r, 
195,  n.  1.374,1».  '.334.«»-  «.409.1.  I, 
4)fr,  n.  I,  4S1,  n.  i;  Ptiblicaticmt  of, 
rcferrtd  lo,  ,(61,  n.  i. 

Chickasaw  Indians,  a^comp&nicd  by 
Citpitnin  OrvT^f,  314;  hosliitiy  of, 
90;  Kickapoo  Intuans  urged  agaimi. 
14;;  J.  de  St.  German  inlerpreter 
to,  156. 

Chi&holm,  Hugh  Me  D.,  signs  contract 
with  I).  Taiilive&u,  444. 

Chiteagou,  sec  Chica^. 

Choctaw  Ind>nn^,  Kickapoo  Indiana 
urged  ogain.it,  147;  Jean  de  St. 
Germain  interpreter  to,  156. 

Choiiuer  (Cholscr,  Choisseul?),  Jean. 
Aotagonûm  of,  to  R.  Winaton,  344. 
344.  n.  I!  landgrant  to.  35:;  signs: 
contract  with  R.  M'Carty  and  P. 
Prevort,  343,  memorial  to  Virginia 
comtnissiunen,  344,  petition  to  gov- 
ernor of,  Virginia.  330. 

Choisscul  [ChniMcr?,]  Jean,  KÏgns  con- 
tract  with  R.  M'Corty  and  P.  Pre- 
vort,  343. 

Choquet,  Marie  Klizatieth,  marnes 
Bazilc  Lochiipelle,  415,  n.  14. 

Chou<luc1,  «ce  Ix-fcvtr. 

Chouteau,  Auguste,  collects  money  for 
C.  C.mtiot,  3oR:  letter  of,  lo  J. 
Haugy,  37(j;  petition  of,  to  Court  al 
Kaskasliia,  300;  trade  of,  37g,  380; 
atalcï  attitude  of  Spaniards,  jifi. 

Christian,  Anne,  wife  of  Wrti,  i-lemîng, 
109,  n.  t. 

Christian,  Colonel,  mcntionedi  no. 

Church,  osscmlily  at,  3i\8,  «76.  399, 
54^1  S>5>  maintenance  ui,  385,  493; 
marqutltifrt  of,  561,  ^(ly;  prrwna- 
tion  of  order  in,  38S;  u»e<I  a»  bulleiiii 
board,  j6,  6S,  364,  365,  9S8,  39S,  40O, 

549- 
Cincoid,  James,  sigoa  contract  with  B. 

Tardlweau,  445. 
Clark,  Franci.t,  biog.  references  to,  433, 

n.  35;    resident  of  Illinois,  41^. 
Clark  (Clarke),  Colonel  George" Rosers, 

absence  of,  on  campaign,  7 1  ;  acquires 

land  from  S.  Tri^,  79;   aiivi»d  to 


build  fort:  at  Koskasklo.  147,  on 
Ohio  Riv«r,  [44;  aided  by;  French, 
80,  333. 339. 331, 437, 454.  W.  HaiTod 
75.  n.  3,  D.  Peolcttej,  361,  a.  1, 
J.  Todd,  6y,  appointment  by,  of: 
N.  Janis,  18,  n,  4,  P.  Kennedy,  2,  n.  i  j 
Bpjjreciatcs  position  al  Kaskosikta, 
xxv;  arrival  of,  at  EoskasUa,  48, 
S«.  »33.  330-  n^>  3'i».  363,  454; 
asked  to  detain  commia«oncra,  346; 
at:  Callines,  37a,  Falls  of  the  Ohio, 
"3-  143-  346.  347.  377.  Fort  Nelson, 
346.  Fort  Pitt,  316.  Iron  Mines,  519, 
Lincoln,  346,  Vincennes,  104, 106,395; 
allcniptsturaiv  troops,  457;  attitude 
of,  towards  French,  80.  81,  joq;  atti- 
tude towards,  of:  T.  de  Monbrcun, 
315;  Fre-nch,  518,  R,  Winston,  aSo; 
bill  drawn  on,  130;  bondsman  for  R. 
Winston,  "l?,  88:  capture  by.  of: 
Illinois,  6,  n.  3,  347.  Koakaskia,  xxiv, 
4,n.  3,  40,n.  r,si,5i,n.  I,  53,  5J,  n.; 
Vinccnncs,  xxvi,  xxvii,  xxviii,  xxlx, 
rxx.  oxi.  JMxii.  i6,  n.  i,  333,  541, 
585;  clothing'  of  soldienof,  115,  jaô; 
contributions  to.  116;  court  martial 
held  by,  45S;  critical  situation  of, 
w(v,  63;  departure  of.  from  Fort  Jef- 
ferson, 345;  distressed  condition»  of 
solid crs  of ,  133;  erects  court  at  Caho- 
kl3, 68,  n.  I  ;  expects  rc-enf orcein cnis, 
109:  expedition  of.  ogainit:  Detroit 
103, 102,  n.  I,  109,  130,  14S,  Indians, 
160, 170, 395,  n.  1. 436,  n.  3,  457,  458. 
458,  n.  1;  forbids  sole  of  liquor  to 
Klaires,  65;  forces  of  110,  137;  J. 
Oirault  »M:rttar>-of,  xxi;  government 
of  Itlinoix  hv,  65,  6S,  73,  ito.  113, 
114,  115,  tif),  457;  hislarial  value  of 
Mtmoirs  of,  zxvui,  xxxJ;  hostility 
10,  of:  J.  Dodge,  436,  J.  Ilarmar, 
437;  ignorance  of  French  of,  xxvii; 
instructions  of,  lo  J.B.  LafTont,  xxviii, 
Shelbv;  tnstniclionsio,from  1'.  Elenrj*. 
6o;joine(l  byj.  Rogers  with  re-enforcc- 
menu,  140;  knowledge  of,  of  Kas- 
kaskia,  xxii,  xxiii;  larj:s  forres,  109; 
leaves  J.  Montgomery  in  tofiimand, 
333.  333.  335.  336:  troops  at  Fort 
Clarlt,  Î06,  307;  leniency  of,  73,  7^, 
n-  3.  74;    letters  of  ciJionge  of,  9a, 

101;  letter  of,  lo: ,  315,  n.  1,  J. 

Dodge,  isr.  159,  J.  Edgar,  395, 
Helm,  53,  T.  Jefferson,  144,  Kas- 
IcosUans,  285,  385,  n.  1,  G.  Mason. 
«vii,  53.  n.,  53.  n.  I,  73,  n.  3.  J. 
Montgomery,  I  ï6;  letter  to,  from:  J. 


6^6 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Alder,  395,  T.  Bentley,  169,  F. 
Dosacran,  J46.  G.  Cené,  48,  los, 
T.  de  Monbreun,  ,134,  3j6,  J-  Doditt, 
>5'-3«5.  J- Edgar.  395.  Floyd.  349. 
R.  tleontr.  ir4,  n.  t.  P.  Gibauh,  518, 
P.  HcriTv,  61,  T.  JefTcnon.  H3,  I4'l> 
919,  KÂikuktAns,  it;,  J.  B.  LaJTont, 
XXX,  xxxi,  n.  I,  50,  J.  \[.  P.  Lc^rlJ^ 
3«i,  î.  MoniRum"v,  1J5,  lîô.  113, 
149.  W.  Shannon,  14S.  J.  Todd, 
75,97, 106,  i»7,  n8,  i58,F.  TrotUer. 
34"^.  J-  William*,  lïj,  346,  R. 
Winston,  34'i;  Xfrmairt  of.  refrmil 
to,  xxvi,  n.  i,xsvit,  n.  3,  uviiJ.S,  11.  3, 
49,  n.  1;  metuoriol  of  0.  Tanliveau 
referred  to,  494;  mistreatment  of 
French  by,  457,  458;  notî&cd  of  J. 
Todd'*  appoîntinenl.  61  :  ordered  (o: 
erect  poMi,  61,  tnvesl  J,  Dod|^,  jig, 
«erurc  UetroEt,  61,  63,  «ibduc  Ind- 
iant,  61.  148,  wiibdtv*  beywud  the 
Ohio,  143,  i4ï:  orders:  enlisimrnt 
of  loldicra,  316,  expedition  against 
Peoria,  198;  orftaniiaiioa  of  amiy  of, 
145:  papers  of,  313,  n.  t,  346.  n.  i; 
paa^iort  ukcH  fn>ro.  49,  payment  of. 
144:  petition  to,  from:  riench,  64, 
65,  Llonnais.  ;a:  powers  of,  60,  61, 
63,  Û4;  prewnta  J.  Todd  lu  Kaikav 
kuns,  83;  piocUmatioa  of.  on  slaves, 
64:  prehtbtts  anigraiion,  347:  pro- 
mtaedre^nfarremcnts,  147;  promÎKs 
of.  to:  T.  Bentley.  170,  French.  81; 
provided  «Hth  appointment  blanks, 
xxiv,  47,  n.  J,  63,  145;  rrteivr»  Bill 
of  REgbu  and  FrencH  treaty,  âi,  63, 
64:  reception  of.  by  French,  333,  3*9, 
331,  437,  454;  nvoniniciids  payment 
Ot  T.  de  Monbreun,  337,  n.  i;  re- 
rruiting  inainiction»  sent  to,  145; 
rr-enforccments  »cnt  to.  60,  8i,  158. 
idations  of,  witb,  T.  Bentley,  xviii. 
xxJI,  xstii,  xxiv,  8,  n.  3,  73,  d.  s. 
Gibson,  xxiii,  W.  Linn,  ixiii,  J 
Rogers.  338.  tradt^ra,  47,  n.  1;  relief 
aentto.ss;  n^uiira  oath  of  strangers. 
a8|ç;  report  of,  on:  capture  of  Vin- 
cennes,  xx^'ii.  149,  government  of 
Illinoia,  399,  4ot:  report  to,  on:  M. 
de  la  Balme,  1 70,  diiorden  in  flUnois. 
151.  376.  39S.  5'8.  Jig,  R.Winston. 
ajS;  return  of,  3r4.  313;  secures 
lubmission  of  O.  Ccrrf.  48,  49,  n.  i  ; 
sendi:  recruiting  inMructions  to  \'ir- 
l^nia,  145.  to  Harrodsborg  for 
tnM)ps.347;  soidirrsof,  135.  i.U.  '40. 
141.143,363;  tpeerh  of,  10  Kasliaski- 


1*31 


oni.  80;  spies  of,  at: 
xciii,  S,8,  n.  3.  Vtnccnno,  51,51 
Mores  ptomised  (o.  145;  sv 
6t,  63;  supplies for.M.  105,  ttj,  ti 
rt5, 116, 136,137,  t3.S,  130,  130,  13 
147.  4»*;«ipponed  by:  French,  3j 
33i'M3.33S'3*3.  VirRinia.  i47;« 
porUT.  Bcîtlley,  xxiv,  xxv;  teirit 
Indians,  tto;  testimony  uf,  on  ca 
turc,  of  Vlttcennes,  xxvii,  sxiiJ,  bd 
treaty  of.  with  Kasfca^lciana,  3J 
41:1;  tyrannical  acu  ot,  457>  45 
lues:  cofltinenlaU,  33t.  péltri« 
cyrrenry,  130,  131. 

Clark,   jdho,   signs:     as  arbiter,  s< 
commissioD,  317,    contract  wHh 
Tardiveau,    444;     Mipportcr 
Winston,  317,  n.  i. 

Clark.  Lardner,  land  grant  to.  35(1^ 
iaur-suii  cf.  with  D.  Munay,    }; 

Clark,  Lieutenant  Richaidi  mtaseag 
for  C.  R.  Clark.  345. 

Clark,  Thomas,  signs  contiact  with 
Tardiii-eau,  444. 

Clark,  Wniiam,  btog.  notice  of,  3] 
Ù.   1;    letter  to.  from  J,  Dodge,  35 

Ctcark,  John,  see  Clark,  John. 

Cloth,  trade  in,  31. 

Cochon  (Cochan).   Jonepb,  mident 
Pialrlc  da  Rocher,  430;    votes  J 
judge,  S6. 

Cochran,  Jolm,  signs  contract  with 
Tardiveau.  445- 

Cochran,  Robérl.  sî^rns  contract  w; 
B.  Tanlivrau,  444.  ^M 

Cochy,  see  De  Coehy.  ■ 

Coffee,  trade  in,  31,  33.  ^" 

Cobos,  iee  Caliokia. 

CoicI,  Daniel,  teslimooy  of,  in  Court 
F.nauiry,  33. 

The  C  oUktitm  0}  Lavs  and  ArlkUa 
Jurisfntdftttt,  sent  to  lUinois,  31 

Commandant,  poirer?i  of,  384,  384,  n. 

Commons,  grant  of.  460.  463;  I 
Cahokia,  77.  Kaskaskta,  463.  Vi 
eenitea,  463  ;  pillaged  b}'  troopa,  1 
*9-  9^»  339r  3,f>Z>  385;  rcicrvalioci  fi 
3RS. 

Company  of   the   West,   sends 
tfirardot  to  Illinois,  iS,  n.  1. 

Comte  (Compte),  Aym^,  Sr-,  csndidt 
for  office,  301,  303;  decision  irf, 
law-suit.  35s;  eloction  of,  393,  3< 
419.  n.  61  ;  magiitrate,  310,  353.  33 
oath  of,  308;  pclilion  to,  from  Mn 
Alary,  353;  nrsidcnl  of  Prairie  1 
Kochcr,  419;  signs  contract 


IKDEX 


«3? 


'['■rdirrau,  443;  votes  ia  etcction, 
86,  «93.  301. 

Comte.  Aymé,  Jr.,  resident  of  Prairie 
du  RcKhrr,  419. 

Comte.  JTcweph,  resident  cf  Prairie  du 
Rocher,  419. 

Cornus,  Kronçois.  vwc*  for  judge,  86. 

Conante,  Manonc,  signa  petition  to 
governor  of  Vitginia,  139. 

Conaud,  signs  pctiiton  lo  Court  at 
EaskasliJa,  3S9. 

Conger.  Jonathan.  seaJ  of  O.  R.  Clark 
Knt  by,  151. 

Congress,  action  of,  on:  Illinois,  370, 
37Ï.  373.  383.  391 .  397.  i99. 379,  n.  i. 
400. 401. 409.  417. 435'  437.  4S9.  471. 
mi^morial  of  F.  Carbon iieaux.3(S9,  n.  1 . 
370,  3;i,  memorial  of  Kjul^aaXians, 
413,  mémorial  of  O.  Morgan,  470, 
47i>  479>  4^9>  49o>  49ii  memorial  of 
D.  Tardiveau.  465.  466,  471,  475, 
477,481,  483,  4$2.  n.  I,  49i<  n.  I,  494< 
slavery  among  French,  509;  ârrtsl 
warrant  sent  lo,  971,  373,  n.  1 1  asked 
to  cxtablbh  gDvcmtncnt  in  Illinois, 
365,  366,  36g,  370,  371,  381;  attitude 
of,  towards:  Freiuh,  184,  199  485. 
Indians,  373,401,  B.Tardiveau.  485. 
Vimt-iincs,  586;  F.  Carbunncaux  sczil 
as  agent  (0,315:  complaints  to,  341,  rt. 
1.  »4a.3iS' 316. 434,4*5- 4a''.  4"?.  418. 
439,  4JO,  431;  coiiiiderice  in,  of 
French.  410.  436,  437,  430,  435,  436, 
468;  trontiact  of,  for  land  sale.  450; 
dbappn>ves  of  atljon  of  Virginia, 
]8>;  elects  U,  Morgan  Indian  agent. 
3,  n.  i;  establishment  irf  court  by; 
373;  forbids  setilemeni  of  northwest, 
446  :  inteicst  of,  in  Constitution,  467  : 
land:ce«ton  to,  of  Virginia,  119,  361. 
411,  446.457.465,473. 5'o,Rranuliy, 
474.  4&I1  484,  4R5-  4*;.  488.  49Û. 
49'>  4Q_i.  n.  I.  49»,  493.  597.  599. 
sale  ordinance  of,  4to;  Lcbnui  ageat 
to.  385,  n.  a;  Idler  of.  to;  Frcnrh, 
397,434,437;  letter  to:  Pn-nitlrnt  of, 
fiom:  R.  Flint,  489,  B.  Tardivcau, 
45t,  J.  Todd,  219,  Secretary  of, 
from;  P.  H-  dc  ta  Valînifere,  434, 
P.  Lanelois,  43O;  memorial  to,  from: 
F.  Carbonneaux,  7,  n.  369,  370. 
faction  of  J.  Dodge,  360,  361.  36a, 
R.  Flint,  489,  French.  381,  413,  48S' 
401.  C.  Morgan,  4S3.  489.  490.  491. 
J,  Parker.  489,  B.  Tardivcau,  445. 
447.  454.1463,  465.  466. 4/1. 475. 485. 
4Qi;  oScrsland  forsale.  448;  papers 


sent  to.  373,  n.  1;  petition  lo,  from: 
Americans,  446,  M.  B.  Bentley  397. 
n.  a,  431,  R.  Hint,  449>  4So.  45°.  "■  '. 
SSI.  a.  I.  French,  447,  454,  463,  465, 
466,  47t,  475.  477.  481, 483, 483,  n.  I, 
G.  Morgan,  4&9.  )■  TufkeT,  449,  4SO. 
450,  n.  1.451.  B-Tardi*-eaii,  431,0.  i; 
proposal  to,  from  G.  Morgan,  471; 
rcLOgnizcs  land  claim  of  Indiana 
Company,  3,  n.  3;  rcixirt  to,  on: 
Illinais.397. 459,  land iHite»,  450,  4St, 
471.  memorial  of  G.  Morgan,  490. 
Ngrthwest.  371,  411.  4".  4^3-  4**j: 
B.  Tardivcau:  attempts  to  discredit, 
437.  justifies  himtell  to.  451,  453, 
453.  sent  as  af^nt  to,  440:  testimony 
before,  of  G.  Cerr^,  383:  R.  Winston 
sent  as  agent  to,  315. 

Conncyc,  payment  to,  345. 

Conspiracy  of  Ponliac.  causes  loss  10 
traders,  a,  a.  a,  3,  n.  i;  oulbteak  of, 
18,  n.  a. 

Conslatis,  Jean  Baptiste,  letter  of.  lo 
J.  Hamlramck,  503. 

Continental  Ciirrency,  circulated  by 
G,  R,  Clark,  331;  confidence  oî 
French  in. 330. 33''34i. 363:  counter- 
feits of,  ;fi,  115.  135,  136.  ^}3,  334: 
dépréciation  of,  76,  3,(3,  334, 335,  336, 
^46.  363, 455  ;  effect  of,  on  trade,  363  ; 
redemption  of,  183;  sc&rcity  of,  too; 
supijlonlcd  by;  beaver,  15,  deer 
iTuas,  117.  letteiB  of  exchange,  115. 
peltries.  lOï,  193,  194.  379.  455! 
«■orlhlcssncss  of,  115,  130,  133,  143, 
r46,  175.  183,  933.  337. 

Contract,  between:  French  and  B. 
Tartl!<.eau,  440,  Kaskaskians  and 
R.  M'Carty,  341,  B.  Tardiveau  and 
Americana  in  Illinob,  443. 

Conway,  Life  of  T.  Paint  by,  referred 
to,  ito,  n.  t. 

Cook,  John,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tardiveau,  444- 

Cook.  W.,  signs  contract  viiih  B. 
Tardiveau,  444. 

Copper  moines  on  [lUnois  River,  seaKh 
(or,  3,  n.  t. 

Coinel,  Francois,  see  Corset  François, 

Corn,  furnished  to  Indians,  358;  lack 
of,  510:  tratlicin,  11, 13,35,  ii^>  'S7> 
305,  348,  349. 

CornwalUs,  General  Charles,  defeats 
General  H.  Gates,  174. 

Corset  (CoTtci),  François,  appointed 
justice  of  the  peace,  403;  candidate 
for  office,  369,  371,  301;   casts  vote 


638 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


in  election,  aAQ,  »7i:  cteric  of  parish, 
575'  577>  rocnmission  of,  401; 
decliars  office,  406;  elcrtion  of,  ^oa, 
4t7.'''J»;  niagfalimie.  JOB.  310,405, 
406:  ptoteat  of,  to  Kaskwtkûtu,  40b; 
resident  of  KiutuuluB,  417;  aigia: 
conlract  with  B.  Tinlireau,  443.  443. 
petition  lo  Court  at  Kaakukia,  ttg, 
389.  p«?lilioii  to  Rovcmor  of  Viisinia, 
3J9:  summoned  lo  take  o«th,  305, 
306. 

Cotino,  tee  Cultiiiault. 

Cottinauli  (Cotino,  Cotinauli).  .^nioine. 
Sr.,  death  <A,  691  pelîlian  of  widow 
of,  to  Court,  OS,  73. 

Cottinauit,  Antoine,  rciident  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  4  3o>. 

Conlnault,  Ba|»tbte,  resident  of  PnUrle 
du  Rocher,  Ata. 

CMtiutit  Stip€rirttr,  appeal»  to,  at  New 
Orieans,  3S4,  364.  ti.  3. 

County  Lieuienanl,  commission  of.  310; 

g>wera  of,  61,  63,  64,  »66;  »ce,J.  B. 
arUu,  T.  de  MoobRtm,  J.  Todd, 
R.  Winston. 

Cour  d'£n(]uMe,  sec  Coiirl  of  Enquiry. 

Court  «I  Cabokla,  action  of,  on  tràden, 
383,11.1;  eiertionof,  byG.  R.  Ctark, 
68,  n.  i;  foriiids  sale  of  liquor  to 
Indians,  117,  n.  i;  land  grant  by, 
491,  n.  7;  rerords  of,  aco,  n.  i  :  see 
Alvord,  Cahckia  Rtcoràiy  III.  Wit. 
CaJUaians,  II. 

Court  at  Ka«kx*kia,  adjournment  of, 
309,  310;  Americans  in,  40A,  4o8i 
appeal  of  T.  Bentley  from,  333,  335; 
arbitere  named  liy,  496;  Vikrti  lo 
csiabliih  government  at  f^dicfonliiinc, 
394;  asw(n!)!c3  Ka^kA^ikians.  290: 
altilude  oF  K.  Winston  lawardc,  304  ; 
calculates  necessary  supplies,  116: 
confidente  of  French  in,  136,  137; 
ConriKcalion  of  property  by,  399; 
compliunl  of  J.  Girault  to,  in; 
composition  of.  84,84,  n.  I,  8A,  134. 
309,  31  j,  333,  350,  n.  t,  368,  370,  371, 
391.  iq6,  303.  304.  309.  310,  40fi, 
40S;  conisults  inhabitants,  ao;;  deri* 
«ion  of,  73,  134,  134.  3SS,  357,  393. 
360,  38ft;  declarer  cerliËcate  of  j. 
Roi^en  invalid,  311;  De  Monbreun 
summons,  359,  359,  n.  t  :  des- 
potism of,  a&o,  961;  diuespcct  for, 
153,  374,316;  dEssolulion  of,  6,  n.  3, 
SO.  n,  I,  311,  n.  Ï,  343'  343-  "■  ••  377. 
391,  39»,  404,  407,  4S9;  Hection  of 
Judges  uf,  80,  n.  I,  83,  84,  369.  370, 


371,  19I,  393,  301,303;  cnquirlesof, 
coni-eming  J.  Kogen,  306;  e^ahltsh- 
ment  of,  6,  n.  3,  iS,  n.  4    iS,  n.  5,  359, 

33J.  334.  ^84,  4'>7.  408:  fw»  in.  a??. 
3n7;  fofbid*  liiiuor  tralbc,  its.  tt?, 
iiS,  1191  go^'cmment  of  Kasbisltia 
by,  tii,  113,  113,  116,  117,  118,  >86; 
hostility  to,  154;  huijsûr  for,  304, 
407,  409;  illegal  measures  of,  154; 
interpreter  in,  406,  40S;  jurisdirtioa 
of,  86,  87,  353,  367,  384;  land  grants 
by. 349. 350.351:  law-niitin.9S.  Ill, 
ia3-  '3-t.  »S'.  309.  3"o.  359. 360. 377. 
385.  397.  n-  a.  403;  •«"«•'  of,  to: 
F.  Cntaat,  311,  J.  Rogers,  307.  sia; 
letter  referred  to,  35^;  lelter  to, 
frvra;  Board  nf  Commiwiuners.  319, 
330,  F,  Carbonncaux,  303,  F. 
Ciuzal,  396,  3aH,  300,  ].  Oirault. 
153,  rs3,  J.  Rojieni,  306,  an,  J. 
Todd,  ill,  R.  Winston,  siS,  304; 
maintenance  of,  aSj'  386,316;  meet- 
ing  place  of,  ^oy,  oath  m,  of:  T. 
BcDuey,  333,  cierk,  loS,  âdelhy, 
Ï9S,  S96,  fudge,  107,  393,  303,  305, 
306,  justice  of  ibe  peace,  308; 
ordered  to:  cxandne  nlrangeif,  153; 
try  case,  in;  orders:  erection  of 
jail,  391,  itihabtt&nls  uf  Bellefoif 
talne  lo  take  oath,  395,  repair  of 
fences,  376,  377;  petition  d,  for 
eleciion,  368;  pellu'oa  to.  from:  L. 
Boisdorif,  95.  C.  Cerré,  311,  A. 
Chouteau,  300,  J.  Datchuittt, 
311,  P.  Desrrx:facrs,  95,  Inhabitants 
of  Bellefontaine,  394,  KaskaskJana, 
384,  A.  I^ltunt^,  95.  J  Labuxiere, 
354,  374,  P'  Langlois,  356,  J. 
Ivirame,  95,  J.  I.asourcc,  365,  R. 
M'Carty,  916,  Preno,  376,  H. 
Smith,  351;  postponement  of,  111; 
procedure  in,  95,  106,  107,  108,  in, 
113,  r34,  154,  3ifi,  317,  3i8.  367,301, 
309,  407,  409:  protest  to.  from:  T. 
Benlley,  310,  334,  Ka-ikuskians.  136; 
miMTum  of,  86;  reancenibled  by  J. 
Todd,  in;  records  of,  87.  107,  n.  t, 
'34.  350.  n.  1,  309,  359;  refuse»  to: 
recognize  law'Tuii,  311,  330.  333,  saS, 
353,  377,  383,  393.  support  tioopa, 
309;  registration  by,  43.  59,  79,  354, 
385  ;  nmonstraDct  of,  140,  195; 
reply  of.  lo  J  Rogen,  axa;  requires 
oath  of  T.  Benlley,  390,  334,  3i6, 
337,  330,  936;  resignation  of  clerk 
of,  303:  respect  for,  386;  retains 
commission,    357,     361,     363,     365; 


INDEX 


revival  of,  311.  n.  i.  409.  409,  n.  t. 
410,  n.  I  ;  J.  Kogrn  thre»leiv«  Hb- 
eolution  of,  at  I,  3j6:  seal  ot,  441; 
«inigglc  at.  with  R.  Wintton,  957- 
064;  netain  syndtcc,  387;  mitainpil 
hf  troops,  304:  term  of  mn^ulrutca 
of.  36S.  368,  n.  I.  368,  ti.  3,  «93; 
testimony  of  $.  Unnd  in,  431,  n.  a; 
use  of  prison  by,  153;  K.  Wiiuton: 
odviKs  special  wMîon,  350.  denin 
juriKliclion,  367,  xhcrifT  for,  88. 

Court  at  Vinccnncs,  cstablidimcnt  of, 
507, 507.  n.  1 

Court  of  Appeal,  dMirrd  by  the  French, 
411. 

Court  of  Enquiry,  called  by  P.  <Jr 
RocbcbUve,  zix.  33,  15:  (.-ompoa- 
Ijon  of,  18;  cxoni-Taics  P.  dc  Rochc- 
blave,  40;  P.  (.lirardol  pmidmt  o(, 
93;  proccdunrof,  33,  2$:  milmuny 
in,  of:  A.  Antaya,  31,  H.  Bolen,  34, 
F.  Carlxinncaux,  ,56,  Mme.  Cï.  Ccni', 
ao.  Jos.  Chnrk'ville,  36,  D.  CniRl,  33, 
Mme.  DdiMe,  39.  F.  Dmilart,  38, 
V.  Kennedy,  7,  n.  i,  96,  34.  ^i'- 
Lachanse,  39,  Mdle .  Lasoudisyt^. 
^o.  Picard,  31,  Pierre,  36,  P.  dc 
Rocheblave,  18,  Sylwwtpr.  31,  Tour- 
RDJeau,  30;  wKncsacs  sammoned  by, 
'3.  34,  as- 

Court  of  Jy*lic«  of  the  Peace,  40». 

Cox,  John,  pcthion  of.  loCongicss,  469. 

Craighlon  (Crrighlon).  Koliert,  resi- 
dent <>[  ItlinoU,  430;  signs  contract 
with  B.  Tanliv«au,  444- 

Crrighion,  Koberl,  mc  Craighton, 
Robnl. 

Creilly  (Crcly),  Françoise,  protest  of. 
aK^Lnnl  iiale,  499, 

Crrilly,  Jean  Bapiistc,  I„  death  of,  497; 
marriM  Marie  Agette,  414,  n,  4: 
widow  of,  41)6-501. 

Crrilly,  Mme.  Jean  Baptiste  (I.), 
marries  G.  Aubuchon,  498:  property 
''^t  497i  $<>'>'>  **^^  ^y<  ***  ^'  I^Hanae, 
310.  407- 

Crtilly,  Jean  naptJMe,  H.,  J.  ^i^igar 
allomey  for,  4g(i;  Uw-nuit  of,  witli 
N.  Lachaose,  377,  378,  496-501; 
letter  to, from  F.  Cruzat,  377:  protest 
of,  agaînat  lale,  49c;  rci^idcnl  of 
KaskasUa,  414. 

Crenir.  jean  Baptute,  III.,  emigralei 
to  HorissanI  [f],  414,  n.  4:  resident 
of  Ka&kaskia,  414. 

Creilly,  Joseph,  Sr..  marries  Marie 
tiomiK  Marquia,  414,  n.  4;    resident 


of  Kaakaikim,  414:  signs  petition  to 
Court  at  Kaskaskia,  13g. 

Creilly,  Josrah,  Jr.,  resident  of  Ka»- 
kaslda.  418. 

Crely,  see  Creilly. 

Crittlnstoa,  Major,  abstract  sent  by, 
198. 

Crockelta,  Colonel,  lead*  re-enforce- 
menia  to  O.  R  Claric,  ]58. 

Croix,  iet  I.ACraix, 

CmuchcT,  Henry,  anpoînlmenc  of.  by 
].  Giruuh,  94;  sells  horse  to  Guion, 
as». 

Cubitlvc,  |o«eph,  sign»  coninct  wilh 
B.  Tardiveau,  444. 

Cumberland  {Chauanon)  River,  trade 
on,  33. 

Curry.  James,  signs  contract  with  B. 
TxrdivrJiu,  444. 

Cruzat,  Pmncbco,  commandaiit  at 
St.  louifi,  397,  »g7,  n.  i,  399;  de- 
clares inability  to  decide  Law-suit, 
377:  demands  passports  of  traders, 
397;  deserter»  from,  375:  en- 
croachments of,  374:  fears  British 
attack,  376:  letter  of,  to:  Court  at 
Kaskaskia,  196,  29S,  300,  J.  B. 
Creilly,  J77,  T.  de  Monbreun,  373, 
J.  Duputf,  377;  letter  to,  from  Court 
ai  Kaskaskia,  31 1  ;  offers  posiliun 
to  T.  de  Morbreun,  357;  proclama- 
tion of,  on  Mississippi  Rivxr  trade, 
37J>  374;  sends:  pciilion  to  Court 
at  Kaskaskia,  300,  311,  sends  notice 
to  T.  de  Monbrcun,  374. 

Cutler,  Mansaaeh,  contract  of,  with 
Congnsa,  45a 

Dacasta,   draft    to   the   order  of,    193, 

Dalton,  Captain  V.  T.,  feai^  influence 
of  M.  de  U  Holme.  169:  leads  relief 
party    !o    Fort    Jefferson,    5»,    n.    3; 

Damon,  Pierre,  signs  petition  to  go\-er- 
nor  of  V'ii^nia,  340. 

Dacnour»,  dit  Toulotue,  see  Taulouze. 

Damur,  Mbs,  marries  Pierre  Dau- 
buchon,  <7t. 

Dane,  Nathan,  report  of,  on:  gok-em- 
ment  of  Northwest,  399,  399,  n.  I, 
401,  memorial  of  G.  Morgan,  479. 

Daniel,  Waller,  letter  of,  to  Virginia 
commissioners,  346,  n.  i. 

Danis  (Dann£,  IJany,  Denise),  Charles, 
I,  family  nf,  414,  n.  6. 

Danis,  Chnric*  II,  contribution  of,  to 
trtwps,  ti6:  magistiale,  73,  73;  rest- 
dent  of  Kaskaskia,  417;  signs  peii- 


L 


64C 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


lioci    to  fpvcttmt   of   \'irf(inift,    939; 

mentioned,  411,  n.  6. 
Dknb,   Charles   III,  resident  ai   Km- 

kaskia.  417. 
Duib,  Jerome,  marnes  Pelagic   I>ou, 

414,  n.  6,  417,  n.  a;  ititdtM  of  Kas- 

kAÂila,  414:  sigiu  BgrKiDcnt,  40g; 

mentioDMl,  354. 
"Dâiils,  Joacjih,  rr&idcnl  of  K&skukÎA, 

417;  mentioned.  414,  n.  6. 
Danis,  Louise,  mvries  Anuiine  Bien- 
venu, 416,  n.  34. 
DuUs,     Michel,     Sr.,     m&rrie»     Mkric 

Barbe  Pillct,  414.  n.  6;  resident  uf 

Kaikaïkia,  416;  signa:  cotitroct  «-jlh 

B.  Tardiveau,  443,  petition  lo  Court 

al  KaslcAskia,  390. 
Dïiitt,   Mii-hcl,   Jr.,  marries  Eliiabeth 

Bienvenu,    414.   n.    5;    irsidrol    o( 

K&skaskia,  414- 
Danii,  Tbcrcsc,  marries  Alexis  Bauvais. 

4I4i  tl.  6,  4t4>  O'  8. 
Datchunit.     (D'Atchumt     D'Atchrul, 

Dulchurut),  Jean,  lawsuit  ol.    133; 

petition  of.  lo  Court  at  Kaskaskîa, 

311;  mentioned.  110, 
Daubichon,      Pierre,      ma  nies     Mdic. 

Damur.  571;  sccAubuchun. 
Davis,   Benjamin,   sigiis  contnwt  wîlU 

B.  Tardivcau,  444. 
Qebas  (f)ebiiesae),   David,  land  grant 

to,  3SO- 
Debemiere  (Debemler),  menilnncd,  44. 
Debts,  colleirtlon  ol,  3?,  43.  44.   39S. 
Dcbucssc,  see  Debas,  David. 
De   Canabona,   commandant   at   See. 

(îenevicvc,  540,  n.  i;  hoaiility  of.  10 

AmeririMi»,  137. 
De  Celles,  Joseph,  resident  of  Prairie 

du  Rocher.  430. 
De    Cochy,    Gabrie^l,    Sr.,    fMÎdcnt    of 

Prairie  du  Rocber.  420:  signa  con- 

trart  with  R.  Tardivcau,  441;  votca 

far  tnngttt  rates,  igi. 
De   Cocliy,    Gabriel,    Jr.,    resident   of 

Prairie  du  Rorher,  4'o- 
De  Cochv,   Louis,  resident  of  Prairie 

du  Kocncr.  430. 
Dcrrskins,  fine»  paid  in,  117;  Irm!*;  tn, 

103;    trealmcnl    uf,    343;    used    u-t 

currenry,  137,  343. 
De     Caj^ter,     Jarques,     resident     of 

Prairie  du  Roclier,  430- 
De  Oagnicr,  Jean  Hnptlsie,  Kr.,  resident 

(rf  l'niirie  du  Knrhrr,  430. 
De  Gagnicr,  Jean  Baptiste,  Jr.  resident 

of  Prairie  du  Koclier,  430. 


De  Ciagnicr,  Laurent,  resident  of 
Prairie  du  Rorher,  4». 

De  Gagnicf.  Picm:,  tcsidcnl  of  Prairie 
du  Rorher,  410. 

Oc  Gautrau,  Picm  René  Ilarpan. 
sieur  de»  Etep-faiber  of  P.  de  Gîrmniot, 
18,  n.  t. 

De  Giraidol  or  Girardeau,  Jean  Bap- 
tiste, marries  Thérèse  Nc^eu,  18, 
n.  I. 

De  Girardoc,  Pierre  Sieur,  biog.  notice 
of.  18.  18,  n.  I  ;  certificate  of  tletlion 
of.  8ft;  president  of  Court  of  Enquiry, 
18.  33;  ùgoM  testimony,  a6,  a;,  19, 
50-  3h  3».  3h  34,  36-  38.  S9,  40; 
see  Picard  [t],  18,  n.  i. 

Dejean,  Philip,  biog.  notice  of,  104.  a. 
4;  arrival  of.  at  Sullivans  Station, 
340;  imprisonmenl  of,  104.  n.  4.  119. 
133;  jtctice  of  the  peace  at  Detroit. 
lA:  prosecution  of,  104;  release  of, 
secured  bv  T.  Bentley,  168. 

De  la  Balrnc  (Balm),  Colonel  Uottin, 
hiog.  not  ice  of.  163, 163,  n.  i;  address; 
of,  to  Krencb  on  MissisdppE,  iSi, 
10,  from  French,  189,  189,  n.  1. 199; 
advocates  expédition  ajrainst  Detroit, 
1S6,  1S7,  iSfi;  aided  by  J.  D.  Du- 
plasy,  18,  n.  $:  at:  Fort  Pitt.  163. 
Philaddphia.  j8ï,  St.  Louui.  189. 
Vinccnncs,  iûq-,  attitude:  of,  toward 
Americans,  i6j,  169,  towards  of; 
French,  3^^,  ajS,  J.  MontRoniery. 
106,  R.  Winston,  196;  commission 
of,  337;  conference  of,  with  Indiana, 
i6j,  164,  165;  death  of,  lâS,  mo, 
»oo,  n.  I,  346. 435;  defeat  of,  337;  ex- 
pedition uf,  against  Detroit,  ig6,  199, 
SCO,  337,  94Û;  French  ask  advice  of, 
tSr;  in  Illinois,  t6A,  19&.  199;  letter 
of,  to  Luxcrne,  1^3;  pari6es  Indians, 
■g6;  policy  ol,  169.  170;  protection 
of,  asked  by  Kaskaskian.>i.  189.  191, 
191,  199;  reooramendod  by  A.  Fowler, 
337>  34^:  supplies  furnlstied  to,  by 
Kaskaskians,  193,  194;  supported 
by  French,  196,  246. 

De  la  LuKerne.  «c«  Luzeme. 

Dc  la  Pan;,  Joseph,  signs  conlrart  with 
R.    M'Cariy   ond   P.   Prevost,    244. 

De  ta  Soudray,  see  De  Monbrcun. 

De  la  Valiniîre  (\'alliniere).  IHerre 
Uuet,  bioK-  notii-c  of,  xxxvlii,  xjixviil, 
n.  I,  xxxix,  xl,  xH,  xlij,  xlix;  accun- 
tion»  nvainal,  xlvi,  xlviî,  4^,1,  574; 
accusations  of.  against:  P.  H.  dc  Si. 
Pierre,  xliii,  xliv,  551,  553,  570,  573, 


1.  Dodge,  4»S.  4A  497.  4»8.  P- 
Oibautt,  xlv,  591,  Kaskwktans,  579, 
B.  Tanlivrau,  4*;,  451,  54R,  n,  ^; 
unbition  uf,  ^78;  appuiatcd  vicar- 
general  of  Illtnoii.  xlii,  j&i,  ^Ji?; 
ajilu  for:  cerliBnte  of  tenices,  «li, 
land,  438,  parish,  558,  recall,  xlv, 
5bo;  ftCttltidc  o5.  towards  Revolution, 
xxxviti;  rhatacterizAtïon  of,  xxxix, 
xl,  xli,  xlix,  4S3,  580.  S9o;  departure 
of,  from  lllinoi'i,  xlix;  clÀsrrilKAroncli- 
lioiu  in  K^takjukiii,  434,  435,  436, 
417.  438,  434,  43g,  n.  31  influence  of, 
with  Congress.  577;  in  New  Orieans, 
593;  interference  of,  in  politics,  xlv; 
legal  work  of.  575:  letter  of,  to: 
Ilishop  of  (^ucbrr,  xlv,  Cabokians, 
xliv.  548,  540,  p.  dc  St,  Pierre,  551, 
Bishop  Hubert,  558,   J.   Lahuxiere, 

?49,  C.  Thompson,  4*4;  It-tier  lo, 
rom  Cabokians,  554;  mantinal  nctes 
bv,  373.  «73,  n.  3;  miMreatmem  of, 
'  Si^  '  ^PP'^^'*'^'  P-  de  St.  Pierre,  xliii, 
J.  DodKB,  xlv.  xlvi,  B.  Tardii-wu. 
xM,  437,  34R,  n.  3;  money  owed  lo, 
41S,  438,  n.  5:  jpcrformance  of  duties 
by,  xl.  xliii.  3S8,  574.  S75.  576.  577. 
5TS.  579-  5«o'-  province  of,  549.  571  ; 
reranis  iKcusalions  against  P.  dcSt. 
Pierre,  570,  57.1.  57^;  iccommenda- 
ttoniof,  581;  rights  oî,  in  Seminary  of 
Quebec,  558;  «tint  up  discoH,  xxxix, 
556.  568.  "560.  S7S-  574.  S7S.  57^, 
57?p  57*'.  S"».  55?;  m-tp«ri«i  by 
Briti:ib,  xxxviii,  xxxix,  xl;  luspcnsion 
of.  573;  B.  Tardlveau  answers  nc- 
cuxalion*  of,  451,  453;  vtcar-geneTal 
<3l  IllinoU,  549,  sss.  560.  573,  581. 

Delavmu.   tetums   to    Hnttimore,   6ot. 

Delaware  Indianx,  called  Onaliciiaki  hy 
the  .\l70nqui1iE.  .15;  conférence  <^ 
Lord  E.  I'itxgcrald  with,  516;  ex- 
pulsion of,  98;  honlility  of,  97,  516; 
trade  with,  it.  la,  i,i. 

De  IJnctot.  see  Linrlot. 

Dclixle  (IJclillr)  Andre  Bienvenu  (Birn- 
venue.  Bienvenus)  Jit,  resident  of 
Ka-ika-^kia,  4(4. 

Dclislr,  Antoine,  I,  marrica  Françoise 
Robui,  416.  n.  94. 

Delisle,  Antoine,  Sr.,  contribution  ol,  to 
troops,  ti6;  death  of,  416,  n.  14; 
marriage  ^,  414,  n.  6;  mamir» 
I^uise  Danis,  416,  n.  34'  resident  of 
Kaskaïkia^  416;  sympatliy  of,  with 
Ainerlcans,  8. 

Tielixte,  Anluine,    Jr.,  cOiitribulLOn  uf, 


to  troo|»,  1 16;  debt  of,  ig  J.  Dodge. 
360;  resident  of  Kaska^kia,  416: 
HÎgns:  tommituon,  317,  racmorial  to 
Con^resa,  368,  peitiioo  to  Court  at 
Kaakaskia,  13g;  supporter  of:  J. 
Dodg^  368,  R.  Winston,  317,  317, 
n.  I. 

Delble,  Charles,  arU  for  Duplasy,  73; 
antagonism  of,  to  R.  Wituion,  344, 
344,  a.  i;  olTiccr  of  miltlia,  731  resi- 
dent of  Kaakaskia,  416;  sign*:  con- 
tract with  B.  Tardivcau,  443,  n)eini> 
rial  10  Virginia  commission er»,  344, 
petilioit  to  Court  at  Kaskaskia.  39a 

DclUle,  Elizabeth  I,  marries  Pien* 
Oellna  dit  Lacounw.  411^.  n.  34. 

Dcltsle,  Klicabeth,  II,  marries  Michel 
Dunis,  414.  n.  d. 

iJeEUIe.  Etienne,  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 
414. 

Delifle,  Franfois,  blog.  notice  of.  416, 
n,  34. 

Deliste,  Henry,  resident  of  Kaakaakia, 
416. 

Dcltale,  Jean  Baptiste,  Sr.,  resident  of 
Kaskaskia.  414. 

Deltsle,  Jean  Baptiste.  Jr.,  antagonism 
of,  10  R,  WinMon,  344,  344.  n.  i; 
mident  iif  K>»kaxkia.  4141  signs: 
contract  with  R.  M'Carty  and  P. 
Prévost,  344,  contract  with  B,  Tardi- 
veau,  443,  memurial  to  Virginj.! 
commissioners,  344,  petition  to  Court 
at  Kiukaskia,  aço,  petition  to  gorcr- 
nor  of  Virginia,  340. 

Delisle,  Joseph,  resident  of  Kaskoskla, 
416. 

Delisle,  Louis,  Sr.,  amagotùsm  of.  to 
K.  WinMon,  344,  ^44.  n.  i;  candidate 
forotlicc,  301;  rrwdent  of  Ka.skaskia, 
4141  signs:  contract  with  R.  M'Carty 
and  P.  Prévost,  344,  memorial  to 
Virginia  commissioners,  144,  peti- 
tion to  governor  of  Virgin».  »4o; 
vole»  in  election,  301. 

Dclinle,  I^uis.  Jr.,  resident  of  Kaskas- 
kla.  414. 

rielUle.  Michel,  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 
417- 

Delisle,  Thérèse,  marries  Nicolas  Levas> 
scur.  4iS-n-  '7- 

Delisle,  Madame,  contribution  of,  to 
troops,  (16;  signs:  contract  with  R, 
M'Carty  and  P.  Prevost,  343,  peti- 
tion to  governor  of  Virginia,  aw; 
testimony  of.  in  Court  of  Enquiry, 
24.  «9- 


64> 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


I 


Ddiilr,  sinu  agmacnt.  4pç- 

Del 'oeil,  Françoiae,  inuncs  Slinitlu 
Ijcx-twKut,  415,  n.  17. 

Delonne.  sumamc  of  Soumandc  funity, 
4»7. 1.  36. 

Dc  Louvicre  fLouvicrcs).  Amoinc  Du- 
chftiifour,  Sr..  «rtifiratc  of  tltction 
of,  ft6;  election  of,  85,  419,  n.  $ç; 
tnagûtnle,  S5.  S6.  39a;  resident  of 
Prttiric  du  Rocher,  419,  419.  n.  5: 
sigtii  coniT&ct  with  11.  Tardivrau, 
443;  voice  for  magîstntc,  io>. 

Dc  Louvicrv,  Anioinc.  Jr.,  resident  of 
I'rairic  du  Rochcf,  419. 

De  Louvietr,  Frmn;oi)i,  resident  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher.  410. 

De  Louvinrte,  Pierrc,  midetil  of  Piiarie 
du  Rocher,  419. 

De  bouvière,  Noel,  resident  of  Pmirie 
du  Rocher,  419. 

De  Monbrcun  (Motnbmn,  Monbreum. 
Monbmn,  Munbrun).  Jacques  Tim- 
othy, Sieur,  bJog-  notice  of,  referred 
to,  330.  n.  t;  occompMUca  J.  Mont- 
gomery, ;i33;  appointed  County  Lieu- 
tenant. 310,  338,  339,  359,  361; 
ftppoinlmertt  of  J.  B,  B&rbau  by. 
3Qo;  attitude  of,  towards:  G.  R. 
Clark,  315.  right  of  asyltun,  375: 
candidate  for  ofTw-c,  301;  certificate 
of  «rvices  of.  jj».  J13,  335.  S'f'- 
comniandani  at  Kaskaskia,  35;,  35a, 
385;  commiMion:  from,  to  J.  B. 
Bkrbau,  .190,  to,  from  R.  Winiton, 
330,  is8,  390,  n.  1;  complains  of  en- 
croaciiroenls  of  F.  Cruxat,  374,  375; 
congratulâtes  Congress  on  land  ces- 
sion, 361;  deci-tton  of,  in  law-suit, 
1^9,  .lAo;  de>rril>es  situation  In 
ifiiRois,  361;  diflKullies  of,  356,  361: 
encloses  memorial  to  Congress,  361; 
cxjwtiie  account  of,  357,  357,  n.  i, 
35»;  Eovcmmenl  by.  356.  357,  3Ô1. 
386;  holds  cession  of  Court,  359, 
3^0,  n.  r;  irkïtrudions  la,  from  R, 
Winston,  331:  land  grants  by,  351, 
n,  I.  3Ï4:  letter  of.  to:  G.  R.  Clark, 
3'<.  336,  governor  at  New  Orleans, 
374.  T.  \tiffliD,  360.  J.  Williams. 
i»3.  3'4i  3s6;  letter  lo,  from;  F, 
Cnual,  373,  A.  Morin.  3^.  J,  Will- 
lams,  3 33,  335 ;  mcmorinl  of,  to 
Virginia  [louw  of  Delegates,  355, 
S^7,  n-  1;  miwion  of,  lo  Sle.  Gene- 
vieve, 3,i;8;  nativity  of,  356;  notice 
sent  lo,  by  F.  Cruiat.  373,  374;  offers 
made   to,   by   Spanish,   357:   orders 


appointment  of  arbiters,  386;  ant- 
throw  of,  391,  n.  a;  partner  of  J. 
Dodgc.  438;  payment  ci.  313.  334, 

i»St  S^'  317.  3»7.  n  1;  poverty  of, 
336;  powers  ot,  ^^i,  a.  i;  public 
services  of,  330.  333.  333.  335.  336, 
337,  0.  t.  355:  relations  of,  with 
Trvdian^,  356,  357,  358;  report  on,  of 
Conunissioncn.  337,  n.  1;  resident 
of  Kaskaakia,  417:  signs:  atrcusalîon 
against  P.  H. delà  Valintére,s8o, con- 
tract  with  B.  Tardivcau,  441:  votes 
in  election,  301;  witness  01  contract, 
«3- 

De  Monbreun,  Pierre  Boucher,  sieur 
de  la  Soudrayc,  marries  Toinettc 
Langlois,  ;o,  n,  1,  41^.  D-  it. 

De  Monbreun,  Thercse  Arehange  Bou- 
cher, marriet  Jacques  Chenier,  417, 
n.  99. 

De  Mongolfier,  Montgolfier,  see  Mont- 
go  i  fier, 

Demsey  (Dcasy),  John,  fe<idenl  of 
Illinois,  43a;  signs  contract  vrKb  B. 
Tardivcau,  444. 

Dc  Munbrun,  see  Dc  Monbreun. 

Denise,  sec  Dan  is. 

Dennien  (Dinnis),  Alnander,  resident 
of  Illinois,  43a:  signs  contract  whh 
B.  Tardiveau,  444. 

Densv,  John,  »«t  Uem«j,  John. 

De  t*eyHtcr,  Major  Aient  Schuyler, 
biog.  notice  of,  17,  n.  1;  arrests  T. 
Bentley.  9,  17,  41,  loS;  commander 
Bt  Detroit,  73,  n.  i  ;  Jelier  of.  to:  T. 
Bentley,  joS,  F,  Haldimand,  45; 
letter  to,  from  T.  Bentley.  108,  16S, 
173;  itisuUanies  by,  referred  to,  17, 
ru  1. 

De  Ponneuf,  marries  Madeleine  Bar- 
rois,  418,  n.  51. 

De  Rocheblave,  Marie  Mithel,  asks 
for  excliangc  of  husband  and  indem- 
nity, 155;  at  Chicago,  353;  interest 
in,  of  P.  Henry,  63;  letlcr  of,  to  F. 
Haldimand,  t5>i;  provision  for,  by 
Virginia,  154.  155.  n.  3. 

De  RochebUve,  Philippe  de  Raslel, 
Chevalier,  accusations  against.  6.  9, 
14,  10.  at,  »5,  39;  accuses  T.  Bentley 
of  treachery,  xviii,  7,  g,  14,  16,  17, 
n.  a,  41  :  appointment  of.  by  H.  Lord, 
4,  n.  5;  asks  for  certificate  of  services, 
353  ;  at  :  Chicago,  55 1,  New  \ork,  174, 
Quebec,  J53:  attitude  of,  to:  T. 
Bentley,  14,  t68,  171,  English,  5, 
36,  37,  »8,  Ficnch.  4,  5,  St.  Germain, 


INDEX 


643 


178;  capture  of,  154;  dukrActcrizfr- 
tion  of,  54;  commnclal  relations  of, 
with  T.  Bentlejr,  11,  t4>  3T.  confers 
with  Indians,  jg,  40;  àcttituc  of,  ig, 
30,  91,  33.  3j;  cntruMed  wiih  famîtr 
of  H.  haul.  155,  155,  n.  i.  iKo; 
excites  Indun.t,  f>;  cxuncrulion  uf,  6, 
77i  38.  40:  forbids  s&le  of  liquor  to 
Indians,  5,  14,  10;  ^vecnment  by, 
4>  5>  f<>  I<^  t$,  40,  41,  54:  imprison- 
ment of,  153,  154,  t;.;;  interest  In,  of 
Monforton,  53;  land  on-ncd  hy,  350; 
Icltcr  uf,  to;  G.  Carletoo,  41,  F. 
Haldlmand,  xxl.  i;s,  173,  i$a\ 
loyalty  of,  40;  marries  T.  Bentley,  16; 
m  lit  real  ment  of,  53,  63,  176;  oaths 
of  allegiance  of.  5,  g;  ofleied  go»-er- 
nontliip  of  Illinota,  176;  petition  to, 
from  G.  Aubuction,  49S;  poverty  of, 
iSo;  publishes  ilisfourses  with  In- 
diana, >>;  quiets  Indians.  11,  11.  39; 
refuses  to  swrear  allegiance  to  Con- 
tinenul  Congnrss.  176;  auinmons 
Court  of  Enquiry,  nil,  »»,  »3,  35; 
icslimony  of:  in  Court  of  Enquiry, 
18, onT,  Bentley.  kI,  179;  trealmrni 
by,  of:  T.  Bentley,  43,  303,  J03, 
EiiKlisb,  30,  33,  36,  37,  38, 40,  iradeis, 
4,  s.  *.  40;  vested  with  government 
of  Illinois,  4,4,  n.  5;  warns  British  of 
danser.  179. 

Deruy,  Paul,  candidate  for  office,  ittg. 

Ue  si.  Pilotes,  sec  Pupulus. 

Dc  St.  Pierre  (Hciligcnsiein),  Father 
Paul,  biog,  aketrh  oi,  xxTvi.  531,  S3j: 
accepts  cure  ai  Sie.  Genevieve.  1., 
515,  571;  accuses  J.  Edgar  and  L. 
Touroicf  of  theft,  533,  533,  536,  537; 
accusations  against,  xliil,  xliv,<;a3, 53 1 , 
548.  Si»,  n.  4.  SS'-  SS».  S5S.  559. 
S7°f  i'3<  574;  appointment  of,  by  J. 
Carroll,  xxxv,  ^87:  arrest  of,  re- 
quested, 5]9;arris'al  of.  at  Kaskaskia, 
xxxvi,  s-(7-  574-  aliitudc  towards,  of  1 
Cahokkns,  566,  567,  P.  H.  de  la 
Valinifere,  xlv;  J.  Carrai]  enquires 
■bout,  591;  chaplain  in  army,  $f)^: 
characterij^nt ion  of,  547;  confidence 
of  people  in,  >55  ;  I*.  H.  dc  la  ValinlËn: 
recani*  occU-wtions  against,  570,  573; 
denie*  juriulictiun  uf  civil  pon'erv, 
536,  538;  departs  for  Caholua,  534. 
n.  1;  desires:  re»ftll,  xlv,  removal  of 
P.  H.  de  la  Valinière,  569;  jurisdic 
tion  of,  551;  labors  ik.  xxxvli,  «66; 
law-suil  of,  with  J.  Edgar  ana  L. 
Touraier.  531,  533,  533-S.Io;  *«"" 


of,  to:   ).  Carroll,   xxxvj,  L.  Pttyet, 

i;33,  B.  Tardiveau,  xlv,  567,  570; 
etter  to,  fiocn:  P.  H.  do  la  Valinibre, 
551,  B.  Tardiveau,  567;  mission  of, 
lo  N'orthwest,  xxxvi,  593;  opposes: 
P.  H.  de  la  Valiniïre,  xLiSi,  555,  «53, 
J.  Dodge,  xxxvii;  powers  granted  to, 
563,  ;7i,  593;  promised  land  by  B. 
Tardiveau,  568;  stits  up  discord,  559; 
summon»]  to  Court,  $23,  534,  535, 
5»8;  supports  P.  GibauJi.xlv. 

De  St.  Germain,  Jean,  sec  St,  Germain. 

Dcagly,  Bishop,  report  of,  on  Xorthweit, 

Dcahétres,     Antoine,     marries     Marie 

Charlotte  Chevalier,  419,  n.  55. 

Dcsh^ttes,  Louis,  resident  of  Koskaskia, 
419,  419,  n-  ss- 

Desrochen,  Paul,  petition  of,  to  Court 
It  Kaakûkia,  95,  96,  97. 

Desrousses  ilil  St.  Pierre,  see  St.  Pierre. 

Desniisseaux  (De ruisseaux.  Rossaux), 
François  Trotiicr  dil,  at:  Cahokia, 
567,  Fort  Nelson,  346;  letter  of,  to 
li.  R.  Clark,  346:  mentioned,  573. 

Deârui&se.iux,  Fmn  uis  II..  resident  of 
Ka«kaskia,  4:5;  signs  rocmorial  to 
Congress,  367;  supports  J.  Dodge, 
S6S,  n.  I. 

D^ruisseaux,  Jean  Baptiste,  resident 
of  Kaskasklo,  415. 

Dearuisscaux,  Jowph.  resident  of  Kas- 
kaskia.  415. 

Dvsruisseaux,  Paul,  death  of,  585  ; 
marriea  Marie  Louise  Sauvais,  414, 
n.  8;  signs  petition  10  Court.  139. 

D'Estaing,  Count  Charles  Hector,  ex- 
horts Canadians  lo  join  Americaos» 
64,  I  ji,  177. 

Dcsurnis,  land  ^ranl  by,  4^3. 

Detroit,  J.  Askjn  ftt.44.n.3;  Clark  ex- 
pected at,  133;  danger  from,  61,  63; 
A.  S.  De  Pcystcr  commandant  at,  17; 
expedition  ogainst,  of:  G.  R.  Clark, 
I03,  103,  n.  I,  109,  tjo,  14S,  M.  dc  la 
fialme,  19,  d,  18Û,  187,  188,  loj. 
194,  196.  199.  Î00,  »37,  346;  H. 
Ilamiltun  governor  at,  9,  16,  n.  1; 
R.  B.  l^rnoulL  commandant  at,  13, 
n.  t  ;  mission  a  ries  at,  590;  L.  Payet 
*ti  533,  535,  n.  i;  trade  uf,  with 
Illinois,  33, 173, 41 1, 455, 463;  trader» 
from,  410. 

Dewnies,  see  Devignais. 

Devigiuls  (Oevegti^s,  Dcvegncr,  Dc- 
venles),  Jacques,  ra^is  vote  in  elec- 
tion,  sag;  marries  Marianne   Ludc- 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


roule,  4t4.n.j;tvsidenl  of  Kasksskl», 
414;  iiçna:  memorial  to  Congress, 
^67,  [iFliiiun  to  Court  at  Kaskiukia. 
139,  petition  to  governor  of  Virginia, 
ijo;    supuorttr  of    J.    Dodge,    jtfij. 

DevifiM^s,  Joseph,  resident  of  Kaskas- 
kia.414- 

DevIgnAto,  Tliereae,  marries  Ktkhel 
Desrouases,  414.  n.  i. 

Tie  Vlllan,  vlcar-gctieral  at  Paria,  5S7. 

DcvfliicT»,  at  Arcansas,  105. 

Deroux.  Joseph,  sigiw  coatract  with 
B.  Tordlvcao,  44)- 

Devoux,  Philippe,  signs  contTatrC  with 
B.  Tardiveau,  ^1, 

Deicr.  FranjoUc,  wife  of  Joseph  Bn- 
zeaiu,  19,  n.  i. 

Dinnls  (Detinies).  Alexander,  len'dcni 
of  Illinois,  4J1:  signs  rantract  mth 
B-  TartJiveau,  444. 

Dodge,  I&rael,  af&davli  of,  39$;  arrests 
R.  Winston,  j;j,  974. 175;  at  Fails  of 
Ohio,  4a6;  colicLlor  for  J.  Dodge, 
23S;  frietid  of  B.  Tardivesu,  430; 
ortlcnril  lo  aneil  R.  Winston,  a;!, 

DoiJtce  (Doge),  Captain  John,  hjog. 
notiec  of,  rcfertrd  to,  104,  n.  i; 
arcuiationa  a^nsi:  of  R.  Winston. 
4>Si  of,  ag^nsl:  French,  93S,  R. 
Win-iton.  973,  373,  375,  375.  n.  i, 
377;  antagonism  of,  towards:  G.  R. 
Clark,  430,  J.  E<Jgar,  4.><!t  P-  Lang- 
lois,  438,  J-  Parker,  4is>  n.  i;  ap- 
pointed Indian  euramiuioncr,  104. 
n.  i;  ascendency  of,  xlii,  xliii,  367, 
n.  I,  5>3,  n.  i;  a»ks  aid  of  J.  I*- 
buxicre  vi.  R-  Winston,  375;  at: 
Fort  DuqucsRC,  titf,  i30,  Fort  Jeffer- 
son, K9,  310,  Fort  Pitt,  no,  Sulli- 
vaan  Stulion,  341;,  Vlncenncx,  151; 
attempts  to  disca-dil  Congress,  4.17; 
Captain,  104:  rapture  of,  104,  n.  1; 
eoniplaiinis  against,  of:  M.  J).  Bentlry, 
431,  P.  H.  dc  la  Valiniire,  434,  435, 
436.  417,438,439,  439,  n.  3.  430.43». 
KasluLskians,  315,  349.  434,  n.  <;, 
438;  debts  of,  in  Illinois,  338;  de- 
mands arrest  of  R.  Winston,  383,  38,1; 
T.  dc  Monbrcun  partner  of,  438; 
departure  of,  from  Illinois,  949,  397, 
n.  1.  437,  430,  431,  433,  4,i6;  de-»tio)-s 
gowmmcnt.  435:  dishoncslT  of,  156, 
315,  319:  dispute  of.  Willi  \\.  Benl- 
'ey.  397.  397.  "■  3.  4=5.  4>S.  «■  3, 
435.  n.  3,  430,  43t<  433<  433>  434, 
435  ;  disregards  Court  at  KaskasLia, 
374;  downfall  of,  xlv.  xlvi,  435;  em- 


powered to  make  arrest,  983.  984; 
An  mlfiaining  narralivt  a}  the  cmri 
aitd  bafharotis  Irettlment  and  exUnu 
tufferings  0}  Afr.  John  Dodga  during 
his  capih-iiy  ûj  many  motiths  among 
Ikf  BrUiik  at  Pti'oU,  hy.  referred  to, 
104,  a.  i;  escape  of,  104,  119,  tso, 
19*;  expul^on  of.  410.  n.  1:  faction 
of.  50,  n.  I,  317,  n.  1,  360,  361.  369 
367.  367.  n.  I,  368.  414.  n.  s:  faila 
to  meet  commis^oftcrs,  345;  gives 
note  for  shirts,  917;  hooie  of,  376; 
imprisonment  of,  104,  n.  i,  ttp,  tao, 
133;  Indian  agent,  104,  104,  a.  1, 
ato,  aiQ,  990,  as8;  invesUgaiioa  of, 
315;  intrigo«  of,  with  B.  Tkrdiveau, 
439;  keeps  R.  Winston  prisoner,  174, 
37s;  land  grants  to.  349,  351;  law- 
suit of.  wlln:  A.  Bicm-cnu,  360,  R. 
M'Carty,  316,  317;  teams  of  con- 
fusion In  Illinois,  151:  letter  of,  to: 
Board  of  Commissioners,  375,  n.  1, 
P.  Bovlc.  104,  G.  R-  Clark,  151,  345, 
W.  Clark,  375,  CraviMal,  lao,  J, 
Labuxirre,  375,  3S3.  Lchran,  119, 
LeCrosse,  i3i,  G.  Morgan.  309, 
P.  Pothler,  ISO,  J.  Todd,  159,  Viager, 
120;  letter  to,  from:  C.  R.  Clark, 
151,  159,  G.  Morgan,  309,  A.  Robin- 
son, lo^,  R.  Winston,  151;  notifies 
G.  R.  Clark  of  silualian  in  Illinois, 
151;  opposition  lo.  «x«vii,  rji,  ayx, 
3i:*  3S9.  n.  I,  397,  n.  a.  417,  4aB; 
orciers  arrest  of  R.  Winston,  373,  373, 
374.  97S.  283,  4>5;  outrage»  com- 
mitted by.  515,  515,  n.  y.  misti«ai- 
mi'nt  by,  of:  French,  143,  M.  La- 
cbantt,  4K,  n.  4,  D.  Murray,  438, 
439,  K.  Auirray,  15A:  mortgage  of. 
on  estate  of  T.  BenUej,  397  ;  plaçant 
of,  concerning  M.  Bentley,  396,  43a: 
itnwcrs  of,  151;  prophesies  death  of 
LeBrun,  43>}  proterution  of  prisonen 
by,  104;  refuses  to  give  shitu,  317; 
sells:  goods,  334,  land,  549;  lub- 
mi»ion  of  French  lo,  439;  aigm: 
coniraft  vHh  B.  Tardiveau,  444> 
memorial  lo  Congress,  368;  suspected 
by  R.  George,  314,  n.  1:  sammoned 
by:  Court,  917,  investigating  com- 
aiûsion,  3141  supported  by  J,  Har- 
mar,  436,  497:  cupjiorts  f.  Kngers, 
33A;  R.  Tartiveau  friend  of,  43J: 
treat: he ry  of,  435,  415,  n.  b;  trade  of, 
with  Omiiot.  345;  tyranny  of,  38a, 
435,  439;  witness (orT.  Bentley,  9M 

333,  293. 


INDEX 


645 


Don,  Kc  Dodfc. 

DoSettf.  D.  J.,  article  by,  refcmd  lo, 

494- 
Dojnian.  p«pcn  of,  503. 
Doming).  Antoine,  indent  ot  Pr&Irie 

du  Rot  her,  410;  aifiu  contract  with 

I).  Tardiveau,  443. 
Donne,  K.  J.,  forward»  letter  to  G.  R. 

Clark.  377. 
Done,    Lou»,   mident  of    Prairie    du 

Rodier,  430;  aigas  coatract  with  B. 

Tardiveau,  449. 

iJougliut.  W'ilIict  B.,  biMoriciil  work  ot, 

icfcnrd  lo,  49,  n.  1,  .;Kj.  n.  1. 
Do^-e,  William,  rcsidcnl  ol  Illinois,  413; 

signs  fonlrncl  with  B.  Tardiveau,  444. 
Doyle.   John,  signa  conttact  with   B. 

Taidiwau,  444. 
Doza.  (Uosa),  Alexis,  resident  of  Kil.«- 

luuki«,  417. 
Dota,  Nue!   Joseph,  Sr-,    marries    Jo- 

aephtc  I'rllrtier,  417,  n.  33;  resident 

ot    K.-LHltM-ikia,    417;    RtgnA:   ronlrart 

with  B.  Tardiveau,  443,  pdilion   lo 

gnvcrnor  o(  Virginia,  34a. 
Dax«,   Jowph,   Jr..  marrivs   Cathrrinir 

Longval,  417,  n.  33;  rcsjdcnl  of  Ka»- 

kasicia,  417. 
Don,  MAigucrite,  marries  Jean  Btc' 

Guillon,  417,  n.  33. 
Don,  I'elagir,  marries  Jerome  Donis, 

414,  n.  ^  417.  n.  33. 
Dota,  Pierre,  marries  Marguerite  Gig- 

ni«r,4i7.n-^- 
Draper,  Doctor  L.  C.  copies  J.  Htm- 

Iramck's  letter»,  503,  n.  a. 
Drrnnina   Lick,    troops   mcrt   at,  347. 
DroUart,   Frantois.  promised   position 

et  D.  MurT«y,  34;  testimony  of,  in 
ourt  of  Enquiry,  33,  35,  aS. 
DroQart,  Raphael,  acta  as  witness,  403, 

405. 
Dmry,  ure  Dury. 
Duber^er,  B.,  signs  letter  lo  Seminary 

at  Quebor,  566,  5A7. 
Dubuque,  Auffunttn,  carric-i  Irltrrt,  530, 

530,  n.  4;  buys  mission  profxirty,  56s; 

sella    mission    praperty,    5&1  ;    signs 

lellcr  to  P.  H.  de  la  Valiiiière,  557. 
Ducbarnie,  Chart»,  carries  letters,  530, 

«30,  n.  3;  signs  letter  to:  P.  H.  dc  Is 

Valiiiitte,  557,  Seminary  of  Quebec, 

566,  567. 
Duchaufour,  sec  De  Louviere. 
Du  Chouquct,  FronvoU  Lefcvrc,  marries 

Thérèse  Barrois,  415.  n.  51. 


Dutlo«,  Alexander,  residenl  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  410. 

DucloB,  Antoine,  reaident  of  Prairie  du 
Rocher.  4J0. 

Duclos,  Michel,  resident  of  Prairie  du 
Ko.-her,  410. 

Duclus,  Willow,  resident  uf  Prairie  dit 
Rocher,  430. 

Duroigne,  carrieii  letten,  5 13,  5 14; 
baled  by  Indixiut,  516. 

Duff.  Michael,  appointed  Justice  of  the 
Peare,  401;  debtor  to  J,  lldgar,  314, 

Dumay.  Bajjiiste,  signs  letter  to:  P.  H. 
de  ta  \'^alinfôTc.  557,  Seminary  o( 
Q"e!>ec,  566,  567. 

Dumom,  Pierre,  antagonism  of,  to  R. 
Winnon,  344.  344,  n.  i;  caMs  vote  in 
(■Icctton,  ^9,  3ot;  sign*:  memorial  to 
\^i(R[iiia  commissioners,  344,  peti- 
tion to  Conn  nt  Kaskaskin,  139,  190. 

Dunham,  Aaron,  jictition  of,  lo  Con- 
gres». 460. 

Dunn,  J.  P..  Indiana,  by,  reftrrcd  to, 
9,  □.  I,  4f}3,  n.  1. 

Duplasy    (Duplasscy,    Duplaisie.    Du- 

flcmv.  Piai-i:*,  PI  a  si  Plasy),  Jean 
lapt»te,  resident  of  Ka&ka«kia.  4i8. 
Duplasy,  Toscph  Duguay,  St.,  biog, 
notice  of,  18,  n.  s  ;  certificate  of  dec- 
lion  of,  86;  contribution  of,  lo:  M. 
<le  la  Balme,  io4.  troops,  itû;  death 
of,  2.|fi:  magi^lrAtr,  73,  86,  107,  (34; 
ni«mc5  Caiiierine  BarTois,  418,  n.  $l', 
membur  of  Court  of  Enquiry,  tS,  a6; 
tnisiiion  of,  to  l-'rcnch  amba»ador, 
196;  officer  in  militia,  tS,  73;  signs: 
petition  to  Court  at  Kaakaskia,  143, 
petition  to  J.  'I'odd,  94,  testimony  in 
Court  of  Enquiry,  36,  37,  30.  31,  33, 

31.  3*.  38.  39.  40- 

fJuplMv.  Joseph,  Jr.,  resident  of  Kas- 
kaskja.  41^:  signs  memorial  to  Vir- 
ginia commissioner,  344. 

Duplasy,  l.ouis,  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 
418. 

Dupla.ty,  Marie  Louise,  marries  Joseph 
Baugy,  415,  n.  8,  ^iS,  n.  51. 

Duplasy,  Minors,  J.  Baugy  guardian  for, 

37*  391.  39»- 

Du  Ponceau,  Peter  S.,  notary  public, 
33a.  n.  1. 

DupuEs,  Joseph,  law-suit  of,  with  N. 
llacbanse.  377, 37S;  Icavo  Kaskaalua, 
393-  394;  letter  to,  from  F.  Cruzat, 
377;  petition  of,  to  M.  Rouk-et,  395; 
resigns  guaidiannhip.  394;  i^gna: 
commission,  317,  memorial  to  Con- 


&|0 


ILLLNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


iP««L  J67;  Mippottcr  of:  J.  Dodife, 

^67,    n.    I,    K.    Wifulon,   .{17,    n.    1. 
Duuuia.    Renï.    uurrles    Uarie    Jean 

RauvkIi,  414. 
Duir  (Drary)  BcH,  <i]fn«  conincl  with 

D.  Tanlirrau,  444. 
Duty,   CIcmirnt,    ligiu:   contnd   witli 

B.  Tanllv««u.  444>  memorial  lo  Con- 

fniB,  367;  suppoiur  of  J.   Dodge, 

567.0.  1. 
]>ur7,  WlllUm,  «Igns  conlraci  with  U. 

Tanllvrau.  444- 
Du  Slmiii^fc.  RMriilloned,  >.  n.  i. 
Diitkni',  l.ouU.  mama ThviMe  Ncvnu, 

lA,  D.  t. 
Ouviel,  riem.  «gns  cOAtract  with  R. 

M'Canr  and  P.  PnvoM,  «44. 

f-^le  River,  J.  Ryan  at,  411,  n.  3. 

/miu  i»  viV,  «ÇC  lit]uor. 

EdRar,  Juhn,  bins,  noitrc  of,  376,  n.  a; 
kntued  of  llicll.  jai,  593.  516,  5*7; 
■magoniam  of,  to  j.  DocIkc,  430: 
ftltiluilc  uf,  towurls  Frcnrh.  376, 
y6,  n.  ),  416;  chamclrrizalton  uf 
French  by,  511;  copy  of  Idler  riv«n 
to,  j;!t;  lawsuit  of.  with:  P.  de  St. 
I*i*rr».  511-530,  N.  l..tt(lian«c,  496; 
tcllPT  of.  to:  J,  Carroll,  jit,  O.  R. 
Clark,  i9$,  J.  Hanitrainclc,  511,  51,1; 
letter  lo,"  from  f'..  R.  Clark,  jig'y. 
ofTcn  to,  from  Sp&niih  government. 
516;  palrioliam  of,  514;  |>rtiltun 
of.  to:  CongivM,  46g,  N.  Laclianie. 
5»i,  JSJ,  jaj,  5»9;  prombcs  pro- 
rUJoni  for  troop»,  511;  trports  >il- 
uatlon  In  Ulnoia  to  O.  K.  Clark, 
JÏ*.  JMI  ■*»"»:  **  m-jtneas,  jW*. 
309,  agrremrnt,  40Q,  minute*,  514, 
59Q;  UTga:  arrest  of  P.  de  St.  Pierre, 
599.   eatablUhmcnt   of   govemmeni, 

5>.i 

Election,  at  church,  36S.  976;  by  u- 
wmlilv,  83,  ïbft.  170,  406,  407;  In: 
IMEefontiiirir,  V^.Cahokia,  a68,  d.  i. 
Kiuki»ki«,  9>4.  85.  36,  87,  357.  265. 
II,  1,  3t'A,  n.  I,  301,  301,304  rmiric, 
du  Rwher,  S5,  a6S,  n.  t,  991;  of: 
moglstrotes.  84.  85,  86.  87,  9f>it,  16S, 
n.  I.  969,  970,  991,  996.  301,  301, 
304,  384,  J99,  4il>  noUrr.  957.  ï^S- 
tyndk',  no:  ovrkred  by  K.  Winston, 
3&8:    nrtltion  of  Court  for,  a6S. 

ElIlM.  CapuJn,  «  Phtladctphia.  314. 

Ellbl,  Doctor,  army  surgeon,  506. 

F.IlK>tl,  Gtey,  pdiltoti  of  T.  BenlJcy 
•cnl  to,  77. 


Emlji^ilon  of  French,  muse  of,  509, 
Sio;  cnrounkgcd  by  Spain,  507,  516; 
reported  to  J.  Uamlramck.  50g:  to 
LouWana.  337.  343.  361,  410,  484. 
488,494.  .Sio.  S»'- 

Knau,  see  Canada. 

EnglUli,  atliludc  lowarda,  of:  French, 
903.  indEana,  44,  1651  (kmi  of,  cap- 
tured on  Wabash  River.  51:  cull 
trcalv  at  Lti  Roche  du  BÔut.  503; 
F.  Crutat  fears  allack  of,  376;  die- 
teaL  of,  104:  exrjte  Indiana,  157.  184, 
503:  ftirlion  of,  wUh  Frcnrh.  5:  gov- 
emmeni  of  UUncns  by,  54,  55.  56.383 
3*4.  3*4.  n.  t,  384,  n.  a.  585;  Invest 
Charleston,  158;  land  ((nuils  by,  384, 
384,  n.  y,  seek  peace  with:  Fraoce, 
64,  Unlle<]  Stales,  7A;  Spain  declares 
war  against,  itg;  traders  of,  cause 
trouble,  4101  trea.unent  of,  by  P.  de 
RorbeblAve,  90,  33,  ah,  97.  a8,  40: 
uigcd  lo  re-ot;ru[iy  lllmois.  173; 
warned  by  P.  de  Rocheblave,  179; 
western  nnlky  of,  90,  n.  9;  «llB- 
drawal  of  troops  of.  10,  345, 

Fngliib,  W.  H.,  CMupitsl  of  tki  Tern- 
tory  HorlhvfMl  «/  iHe  Rivrr  Oht», 
by,  referred  to,  %x,  n.  t,  xxvi,  n.  1, 
txvti.  n.  9,  Kxviii,  n.  t.  xxvili.  n.  a, 
XXX,  n.  I,  xxxii,  n.  a,  xxxii,  n.3,  a,  n.  1, 
8,  n.  3. 43,  n.  I,  53  n,  53,  n.  1, 73,  n.  3. 
433.  n.  19,  4a3.  n.  33. 

F^laing,  see  D'Estaing. 

Evans,   Captain,   nienliotied.  3i4> 

Fafard,  see  Longval. 

Fagot,  Andn!,  land  grant  to,  3<;i. 

Falls  of  the  Ohio,  Board  of  Commi»- 

sioners    at,    314,    318,    3*8;     G.    R. 

Clark  at.  .14;.  377. 
Farmer,  Father  Ferdinand,  biog.  notice 

of,  546,  n.  i;  letter  of,  to  P.  GibaulU 

S46- 
Farquea,  friend  of  T.  Bentley,  171. 
Faequcaon      (Farkcson),      Maiguerile. 

(Mdc.  Winston),  petition  of,  for  trial 

of  R.Winston,  373.  373,  4>5,  n.  >:  wc 

Turguerson.  Margarel. 
Farral    (Ferretl),  John,  death  of,  43a, 

n.  15;  midenl  of  Illinda,  433;  signa 

contract  with  B.  Taidtveau,  444. 
Fauler.  A.,  see  Fowler.  A. 
Fee,  fur:    marriage,   116,  pTOlest.   lOO. 

registration,   101;    of  notary',   187. 
Felisse  (Filba)  Jean  Baplbte,  mident 

of    Koskaslcia,   418;    ugns  coolrtet 

with  B.  Tardl^eau,  44a- 


INDEX 


«47 


Fences,  cumplaini  of  tjmdic  about,  976. 
Femnt,  François,  clerk  at  C.  Cratiol, 

59 

Femll,  Kc  Fsrral. 

Fcrtin,  see  Fortin. 

Fïliu,  ace  Felùsc. 

Fûuuie,  Daniel.  n«idrnt  of  Illinoi», 
4*3:  signs  coniraci  with  B.  TardJ- 
veau.  444. 

Fines,  character  of,  88;  for  unlicvnsed 
trade,  14.  30,  65.  03:  paid  in  tlcrr 
skills,  117;  used  lo support  poor,  118. 

Fishar.  Fisher,  see  Visgcr. 

Fitsgcrald,  Lord  Edward,  mission  of, 
to  Northwest,  516. 

FIcmin){,  William,  blog.  noli»  of,  log, 
n,  i;  alFalUof  llie  Ohio,  314,  Ji8, 
338;  Jow^al  of,  346,  11,  1;  teller  of, 
to  gm-emor  of  Virf^inia,  313;  Idler 
to,  from:  governor  of  Virginia,  313, 
3.  Montgomery,  314,  G.  Smith, 
3'3.  ]■  Todd,  109;  member  of  in- 
vestigating commission,  313.  314, 
3i8i     prorlamaiion  of,   to  creditors. 

317,  3"«- 

Fleocry,  ugiu  petition  to  Court  at  Kas- 
kaslcia,  395. 

Flint.  Royal,  land  grant  to,  471,  47», 
483;  letter  of.  U»  prcwlerit  of  Con- 
gress, 4S9;  petitions  Ctingress  for 
land,  449.  450,  AS°'  "■  !■  451.  489- 

Floquci,  Father,  supports  American 
cause,  57. 

Flour,  price  of,  999:  supplied  to:  M.  de 
Lt  Balttie,  193,  iroops,  113,  114,  455; 
traffic  in,  15,  34.  35.  't*.  ij>.  3»3. 
*3Jt  334;     w«d     as   currency,    343. 

=99- 
Floyd.    Colonel,    letter   of,    to   G.   R. 

Cl&rk,   149;    mentioned,   315. 
Forge,  tools,  used  in,  !»y  French,  104, 
Forget,    Father,    depanun    of,    564; 

sales  made    by,  561;    \ic&r-gencral 

of  Illinois,  561,  n.  i. 
Fort  Chiswell,  J.  Montgomery  at,  75. 
Fort  dc  Chartres,  abandoned  by  Enji- 

liih,  4,  n.  4,  90,  0.  3;    land  grant  ti> 

inhAbttantx  of.  481;    settlement  at. 

^4;9. 

Fort  Clark,  letter  to  officer  of,  from 
R.  W'iiMlon,  49;  J.  Montgomery, 
commandant  at,  jay,  J.  Rogers  at, 
197;   Irwipn  left  at,  306, 

Fort  Duqucsne  (Pitt),  J.  Dodgu  at,  1 19. 
i3o;  faU  of,  3,  n.  3;  A  Fowler  com- 
mandant at,  347;  Bw  Fori  Pill. 

Fori   Gage,  misnomer   of,  439,  n.   i: 


punrhascd    by    B.    Tsidivcau,    439, 
439.  n.  1;  meatioDed.  33,  95,  43- 
Fortin    (Kcrtin).    Joseph,   contribution 
of,   to  troop»,    116;    signs:   contract 
with   R.    M  Carty     and     P.    Prévost, 

344,  petition  lo  Court  at  KasLaskia, 
'39.  fwtilion  to  governor  of  Vir^ia, 
340. 

Fort  JefTenon,  attacked  by  Indians, 
^3,  n-  3,  313;  departure  of  G.  R- 
Clark  from,  345;  J.  Dodge  at,  159, 
110;  rstal>li»limcnl  of,  i:|3.  144,  145- 
famlnc  at,  n$-,  R.  George  at,  213; 
relief  sent  to,  53,  53,  n.  a,  393:  troops 
depart  for.  197. 

Fort  Knox,  at  Vinccnnes.  501. 

Fort  Missiac  (Ma&sac),  troops  to  be 
stationed  at,  109, 

Fort  Muscuton,  above  Vincennes,  470. 

Fort  Nelson.  G.  R.  Clark  al,  346. 

Fort  Pitt,  ah.-indoncd  by  Ki^lish,  90, 
n.  3.1  Col.  Broadhead  at,  110;  G.  R. 
Clark  at.  336;  M.  dc  ta  fialme  at, 
i(yy,  departure  of  J.  Rogers  for,  106, 
no;  T.  bodge  at,  110:  A.  Fowler  at. 
337;  W  Murray,  a^ent  at,  7,  n.  1; 
trade  of,  with  New  Orleans,  507:  see 
Fort  Duqucsne. 

Fort  Pttlritk  Henry,  held  by  O.  R. 
Clark,  73;  see  Vinccnnes, 

Foster,  Henry,  signs  contract  with,  B. 
Tardiveau,  445. 

Fowler  (I'auler),  A.,  commandant  ai: 
Fort  Pitt,  337,  347,  Kaakaakia,  t6i, 
337.  3^6;  letter  of,  to  N.  Tanis,  161, 
146;  letter  to,  from  N.  /unis,  346: 
rtcomracnds  M.  dc  la  Balnie  to 
French,  137,  346. 

FoK  Indians.  haslQity  of,  31,  33,  stii. 

Fiance,  alliance  of,  with  United  Suttes, 

SS-  5&'  •[9>  "o.  "»■  '57.  '9=^.  191, 
300.  330,  454;  procLatnallon  of,  to 
Indians,  157;  Viq^Inia  obtains  money 
from.  146, 

Franklin,  Benjamin,  jcrins  land  com- 
pany, 3,  ti.  1;  letter  to.  from  E. 
Uancroft,  a,  n.  3;  PopefsçS,  referred 
to.  3,  n.  a. 

Franks  and  Company,  W.  Murray, 
agent  for.  4,  n.  3,  7,  n,  I. 

Frclinghuysen,  Frederic,  petition  of, 
to  Congress,  469. 

French  of  [Ilinoio,  addtees:  of,  to  M- 
de  la  Bulme,  1S9,  lo,  from  M.  de  la 
Bnlme,    iMi:    agents  of,  in  Virginia, 

345.  n.  t,  agree:  la  enforce  Block 
Code,  91,  not   Co  aell  liijuor  to  In* 


64a 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


diuis,  90;  ask  for:  exemption  from 
Uxnttoii,  413,  goverantent,  ,^65,  ,i6fi, 
370. 37 «. ]*nd.  448, 460,  461.4(13. 464. 
468,  471,  475,  477,  481.  4«i,  ^Ri, 
□.  I,  proieciion  of  M.  de  la  Bilme, 
iSq,  191.  191,  190:  Altitude  t^. 
towards:  Ameriran  c«ukc,  108,  361, 
continrnlal  currency.  330,  331,  341. 
363,  G.  R.  Clark,  333,  3*9,  330,  331, 
454.  518,  M-  lie  la  Batme,  197,  137, 
»38.  >46.  J-  DoJjte,  »73.  43*.  Eng- 
land, 303,  A.  Fowlefi  946,  govcm- 
Tticnt,  513,  Iriah,  203,  Wten  of  ci- 
changc,  33a,  335,  336,  341,  J.  Moiil- 


&>,  8t,  ao9.  Congre»,  184,  485, 
J.  Edgar,  376.  376.  n.  a,  R.  George, 
ai3>  r.  Henrr,  61,  6a,  63,  Indians, 
163,  164,  lOj.  166,  167,  184,  T. 
leffcreon,  143,  145,  14;,  J.  Todd, 
83.  84.  R.  Winaion,  336,  34a,  345; 
F.  CarbooDcaus,  agent  for,  369; 
causr  of  misfortunes  of,  365;  cnar- 
actcruation  of,  «13;  complain  to: 
French  aiiib&ssador,  iû6,  Virginia, 
a-li.  34».  HS,  315-  3^°',  confidence 
of.  in:  Congnas.  410,  415,  436,  427, 
430,  435,  4jG,  468,  paper  money, 
341;  confirmation  of  land  lilies  of, 
473;  continental  currency  given  to, 
i3'.,334.  335.  336;  contiact  erf,  with 
B,  Tarriiveau.  ^40,  453,  453;  cul- 
livalion  of  land  by,  4(So,  4Û2,  463; 
dematidï  on,  oî,  J.  Montjpimery  for 
supplia,  113,  114,  ]!$;  dcploiaUlc 
conditions  of,  i8r,  330,  331,  334,  335. 
336;  deserted  by:  J.  Monlgomery, 
338.  troops,  364,  36s;  description 
of,  458:  desire:  French  rule,  169, 
170,  only  one  justice,  316;  diw.onl 
among,  317,  n.  i,  361,  376;  docility 
o^>  4S<^>  457,  458;  education  of,  86, 
'39.  '39.  240.  243.  344,  aS^.  ago, 
367.  3**'  n-  '■  3Û8,  409-  45*^.  450: 
ellect  on,  of  Ordinance  of  1787,  4^8 


S«3i  508,  509;  cmigralion  of,  to 
LoutsEana,  338,  338,  n.  t,  337,  343, 
361,  410,  484,  494,  503,  50B,  510,  511, 
516;  famine  umong,  138;  friction 
of,  with  FnglLih,  4,  5;  furnish  trap- 
plies  for  troops,  89,  92,  loj,  140,  aoS, 
»33.  337,319.  350.331. 333.335. 33fi. 
337.  34t,  Sf'^.  4S4.  455.  457.  45*; 
fidelity  of,  to  united  States,  190,  r9i , 
340.  3Û3,  455.  45^.  457.  458'  5191 


fickJeness  of,  438:  govemment  cl, 
3à6,  383,  384,  384,  n.  3,  458,  sao; 
nostllliy  of,  to:  AmeHcoiui.  173,  376. 
T.  Bcnllfrv,  I03,  3o^,  305,  immigrants, 
a86.  J.  T'oAI,  133,  r.  i".  R.  Winston, 
344.344n.t;  Indiansrxritedagainst, 
184,  199;  tndoicnre  of,  484;  intro- 
duction of  English  law-s  amoos,  147; 
InTBttteation  ùt  land  Utica  of,  48a; 
T.  JcOertOo  apptovcs  of  land  system 
of,  145;  land  gtanis:  by,  349,  350, 
351,  464.  to,  460,  461,  461,  n.  I, 
463.  4*3.  474,  475-  4J6.  477.  481. 
48a,  48a,  a.  I,  484.  48s.  48;,  488, 
490.  49t.  49".  n-  >.  49>.  493:  '*nd 
titles  under,  9»,  93,   145,  446,  460, 

461,   461,    D.    I,    46a,    463,    46s,    47a. 

475.  476.  479.  484.  493.  n-  1.  l»wsof, 
316;  letter  to,  from  R.  George,  313; 
list  of,  in:  Ka&kftskia,  414.  Prairie 
du  Rocher.  4t9-,  losses  of,  49>.  493; 
memorial  of,  to  Congrtss,  381,  411, 
445.  448.  4S4.  461.  465.  466,  471, 
475.  485,  491:  money  ow-cd  to,  460, 
487;  occupation  of,  xv;  office  of 
notary  unncr.  35a,  356,  n.  1;  oa 
Vinccnnc?  expedition,  333;  oppose 
land  sale  ordinance,  410;  payment 
of  justice  of  tbc  peace  by,  143;  E>. 
Peatecofit  ageol  for,  36»;  petiiioa  of, 
10:  Congrrs»,  369,  381,  fn-nch  am- 
bassador, 199,  M.  dc  la  Balme,  189, 
Viiginia,  333, 414, 438,  Virginia  rotn- 
misNioncni,  339,  340;  pillaged  by  sol- 
diers, 33&,  339,  341,  364,  3Û5:  popu- 
lation of,  3Û9,  449,  493,  493;  poverty 
of,  190,  191,  ao8,  33a.  334.  335.  337. 
338.  34».  343.  3Û3.  364.  455.  457. 
■458,  46».  4&4.  S'o.  S'?.  S»;  preser^ 
vation  of  documents  by.  461,  n.  i; 
priraiions  of,  137,  141;  promises 
made  lo,  81,  190,  199,  333,  337;  pro- 
tection of,  in  Virginia  land  cession. 
413,  46;:  protest  of,  136;  purchase 
of  land  tiifes  of,  484;  reception  of, 
Virginians  by,  83,  308.  363.  417; 
lefusc  to  furnish  supplies,  t»9;  re- 
gret action,  17g;  religious  iraJnlng 
of,  53j;  niln  ùt,  183.  530;  sacrifices 
of,  for  G.  R.  Clark,  330,  333,  jjj; 
363;  settle  Illinois,  460:  submission 
of,  to  troops.  439;  slavery  among,  91, 
93.  137.  »4»,  3"^  377.  385.  3S7.  396. 
403,  43».  433.  488.  493.  5o8,  509; 
sudeHngs  of,  136.  137,  316:  B.  Tar- 
divcau,  agent  for,  451,  453,  453,  46a, 
465.  4*6.  471.  475.  48s,  4*6;   taw- 


INDEX 


«411 


Hon  of,  437.  4lU:  trade  of.  457.  46». 
46J,  479;  trcatrnpnt  of,  by:  Cî.  R. 
CUrk.  331.  331,  457.  4S*.  J-  ^>odgt. 
J4».  4Î4,  435.  4»&.  4*7.  4*8.  4»9. 
n.  3,  430,  4Jii  J-  Monlgomery,  243, 
3W.  335.  336.  34a,  345.  4SS.  456. 
J.  Roger»,  J4>,  33».  339.  J-  Todd,  i ji, 
333,  334.  troops.  88,  89.  9'.  »37.  *4i. 
i8j,  190,  igi,  JoS.  ar3,  »>4.  338. 
339.  34».  364.  365.  «6.  458.  467; 
treaty  of,  with  O.  R.  Clark,  4]a: 
iroublcs  of,  with  traders,  38),  4]0i 
UTtfid  to  attack  Dctrojt.  166,  187, 
i8§;  wealth  ot,  [38. 
Furs,  ânes  paid  in.  88;  trade  in,  xv, 
»™.  ^n.  I,  s,  7,  10,  IS.  »i.  39.  41. 
164,  41Ï,  4S5,  470;  Iroopo  supplied 
with,  487. 

GacominI,  sec  Jocotnini. 

Case.  General  Thomas,  orders  aban- 
donment of  Fort  de  Charters,  4,  n.  4; 
pciilion  to,  from  traders,  3,  n.  1. 

Gagné  (tJagner,  Gagnie),  Aniable, 
candidate  Tor  oHice,  369,  301;  caMs 
vole  in  rlctlion,  369,  371,  jor;  mi- 
dcnlof  KA&kaskm,  417;  irfRnn:  «^(rcc- 
tncnt,  40g,  contract  with  R.  M'Carty 
and  P.  Ptcvosi,  344,  pctiiion  !u  Coun 
Bt  Ka<ikaskia,  139,  pcUlitin  lo  gover- 
nor of  Virginia,  340. 

Ga^é,  Antoine,  signs  tnemorial  to 
Virginia  Lomniisaioncrs,  .^44. 

Cagn^,  l'mnçois,  resident  of  Kasl^as- 
kia,  417- 

Gagn^,  Louis,  resident  of  Kaakukia, 
417. 

Gagnier,  see  Dc  Gagnicr. 

Ga^on,  Francis,  nfsident  of  Kaskas- 
kia.  417. 

Garaid,  see  Get&td. 

Garic,  public  scrivener  of  New  Orleans, 

99. 

Garrctson  (GareUon,  Garitaon,  Gar- 
rlltson),  James,  elected  magistrate. 
396;  resident  of  Illinois,  433;  algna 
pciition  to  Court  at  Kaskaslcia,  395. 

Garrotson,  Samuel  Phylc.  death  of, 
433,  n.  13;  residenl  of  Illinois,  413; 
signs  contract  with  B.  Tardivcau. 
444- 

Gates.  General  Homtio,  defeated  by 
Cornwallis,  1J4. 

Causstaux  (CaussEo,  Gosdaud),  Jac- 
ques, resident  of  Knskaslcja,  4th: 
signs  contract  with  B.  Taidivc^u, 
44a. 


Gaulran,  see  De  Gautrau. 

Gelaspte,  William,  bears  letter  to  John 
Todd,  195. 

Gemme,  sec  Battvaia,  Je«n  Bte.  St. 
Gemme. 

Gcndmn  (Jandron),  Jean  Ba.pii3tc, 
casts  vote  in  electMn,  369,  ij  1  ; 
mortgage  of,  10,  16;  signs:  as  arbiter, 
5or,  petition  to  Court  at  Kaskaskia, 
390,  petition  to  governor  of  Virginia, 
340- 

Georgv,  Captain  Rohert,  biog,  notice 
of,  referred  to,  314,  n.  i;  accom- 
panies Chickasaw  Indians,  314; 
Bsks  credit  for  P.  Kennedy,  314:  at- 
titude of,  tou.'aids  French,  313,  339; 

teller    of,    to:     J39.    G.    R. 

Clark,  314,  Kaskaskians,  313. 

Gerard  (Garard,  Jarret)  Guy,  dis- 
orderly bouse  of,  lis;  forbidden  to 
sell  liquor  without  license,  iij,  113; 
signs  citmmisston,  317;  supporter  of 
R.  Winston.  317,  n.  i. 

Germain.  Lord  George,  aocretaiy  of 
slstc  for  the  colonies,  77,  n.  i. 

Germain  (Gcrrain,  jcrmain),  Jean 
Baptiste,  resident  of  K^iJuukia,  417. 

Germain,  Louis,  Sr,,  casts  vole  in  elec- 
tion. 371,  301;  marriage  of,  414, 
n.  8;  resident  of  Kaskaskia,  417; 
signs  petition  to  Court  at  Kaskoskia, 

139- 

Germain,  Ixiuis,  Jr.,  resident  of  K.aa- 
kaskia,  418. 

Gcnmlt,  see  Girsult. 

Gervais  (Gcrvaisae),  Louis,  signs:  U 
witness,  388,  3S9,  letter  lo  P.  H.  d« 
Ia  Valinftre.  557. 

GiKault  ((iibcailt,Jeboe).  Father  Pierre, 
accusatiansagatnst,S38,  53g,  ç<;9.5S3, 
5S4,  5S9,  5Qi;  aida  Americans.  63,64, 
585;  appointed  vicar-general,  jtxxiii, 
589;  apprcdatcd  by  P.  Henry,  xxvii, 
64:  asked  to  report  on  J.  Le  Dru 
and  P.  de  St.  Pierre,  593;  assisted 
by  Father  Mcurin.  xxiiii;  at:  Coho- 
iua,  I,  New  Madrid.  I,  Ste.  Genevieve, 
xxxiii.  531,  Vincennes.  581:  altitude 
of  P,  H.  de  1a  Valinifcrc  towards,  xlv. 
568;  characterisation  of,  xxxii;  debt  of 
U ruled  States  to,  ja\T,  describe» 
conditions  in  Illinois,  518,  519,  530, 
j3i,  ^43,  543;  dispute  of,  with  mar- 
gMtUters,  593:  duputes  jurisdiciion 
of  J-  Carroll,  xxxv;  exonerUcs  him- 
*C",  S34-.'!47;  fears  H.  Hamilton, 
XXX,  xjcxil;    lmponanc«  cS,  in  cap- 


as» 


n.LINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


tun  of  Viiwenncii,  txvi,  xxvlf,  nnriii, 
xaix,  Xxx,  xxxi.  xxxii,  50,  543,  58^; 
jounuU  of,  xxix,  50;  Utxin'of,  xxxlii, 
>«".  53S,  537,  538,  584;  Whniy  of. 
543,  S4<,  n.  1;  Teller  of,  lo:  Bbhup 
of  Quebec,  xadx,  luuJ.  590,  534,  583. 
J.  Carroll,  cge,  590,  n.  1,  C.  R. 
Cl«rk,  51R;  letter  lo,  from:  I.  Cai- 
rolt.  590,  59;,  F.  Farmer,  540;  ml»- 
tmlmenl  of.  515;  olnains  ecclc- 
sikalicJil  [)rO)]ertv,  596,  596,  n.  1,  59;, 
sot;  offem  to,  ^roni  Si>un,  515.  541; 
opposition  of,  to  liquor  trwlc,  ^6; 
fMltiothm  of,  569;  power  of  «Itor- 
ney  sranteO  W,  561.  562,  665;  pri- 
vmiloniof,  5S4:  re<iu»U  rvcall,  zlv, 
585,  589;  Mic  of  land  by,  7;,  78,  56a, 
n.  I  ;  supported  by  V.  <Ie  St.  Pierre  xlv; 
testimony  of,  on  capture  of  ^'inccn^es, 
xxix,  xxxi;  limiditvof.xxxii;  vicar  gen- 
eral in  the  Illiiiofi  countrv,  nHii,  5A9, 

S8i.  589- 

Cibbs,  Joel,  pctiibn  of,  lo  Congress. 
469. 

Cibniui,  Father  Pierre,  see  Gibault. 
Father  Pierre. 

('■ibkins.  Doctor,  mentioned,  i6>,  t6>, 
n.  3.  347- 

Gibson,  Captain  George,  announrct 
arrival  of  W.  Linn,  xix;  carries  letlrr 
for  W.  Murray,  xx;  mission  of,  to 
New  Orteans,  xviii,  12.  n.  4:  rela- 
tions of ,  «rith  O.  R.  Clark,  xxiii. 

Cwoiar,  Marguerite,  marries  Pierre 
Doia,  417.  n.  j3. 

Gilina,  4ù  ucourse.  s«c  Lacoursr. 

Gill,  Charics,  signs  rontnct  willi  B. 
Tardivcau.  444. 

Girardeau,  Oirardol.  Pierre  He,  see  De 
Girardot. 

Girardin,  Antoine,  sign»  letter  lo;  P. 
H.  f!c  la  Valinftrc,  557,  Seminary  of 
Quebec,  566,  567. 

Girault  (Gecaulr.  Gcroulc),  Jean.  bio;;, 
nutrrc  of,  referred  to,  10,  n.  1;  a(>- 
puintmcnl  of  H.  Croucher  by,  94: 
arrival  of.  in  Kaskaakia,  to,  n.  a; 
commÏMionecI  slatea  attorney,  94; 
complaint  of,  vs.  liquor  tellers,  iii, 
til.  Ill;  debtor  lo  J.  Dodge,  376; 
letter  of,  to  R.  B.  t^moult,  xxi,  74; 
lieutenant  uniler  G,  R.  Clark,  74; 
notice  of,  to  Caxm  at  KaskoJikia.  153, 
153;  prolcctcit  liyP.ilc  R(i€-SiebUve,io; 
protest  of,  against  juriï<]icUûn  of  Court, 
as3i  resignation  of,  354;  secretary  of 
G.  R.  Clark,  xxi,  xxvii;   sigiis:  proc- 


lamation 68:   M  wiUMM,  79.  stales 

atlOTTKy,  ■  r J.  153,  "S4.  3$3i  Iranslalcs 

letter,  307,  31»;  urges  releaic  of  T. 

Bentley,  74. 
Givaurl,    lean    Baptblc,    resident    of 

Prairie  du  Rocher,  420, 
Glenn.  David,  a^nl  of  J.  Lindsay.  347, 
Godin,    Miihcl,    finds    placard    of    R. 

Wiiuton,  364;    inanimate,  309,  gij. 

333:  sJKTui:  contract  with  R.  M'Carty 

and  P.  Prévost,  144,  petition  to  Court 

at  Kaskaskia,  139,  petition  to  gover- 
nor of  Virginia,  339. 
Gogoy,  Charles,  law-suit  of,  with  G. 

Langloii.  13+. 
Golden.  Henry,  agns  contract  with  B. 

Tardtveau,  444- 
Gooding,  S.  S..  mentioned.  130. 
Gossiaud.  sec  Gaussiaux. 
Grand    RuLsseau,  Americans  settle  al, 

464;   court  of  Coliokia,  al,  4ii>  43t. 

n.  4,  491.  n.  7. 
Gratiot    (Gmtiote)    Charles,    F.   Car- 

iKinncaux,  debtor  to,  398;    fumis' 

supplies.  i$gi   lends  money  to 

cers.    59.   60;     promissory   note  lo, 

Irom  J.  Ilarrod  and  J.  Williams,  60; 

trade  of,  345- 
GratI,  sc«  Groots. 
Cîmvf,  ccrtiAes  copy,   s*;;    letter  to, 

from  Bishop  of  Quebec,  xli. 
Gravcrat    (Gravcrad,    Gravorat,    Gic- 

*«Tat),  AIIktI,  biog,  notice  of,    133, 

n.  r,  at:  Driruil,  to4.  104.  n.  3.  )3i. 

n,  I,  Ptlltburg.  133:    letter  to.  from 

J.  Dodge,  laa 
Gray,  Edward  William,  deputy  sheriff 

01  Montreal,  17. 
Gray,  Jamea,  signs  petition  to  Cooit  «I 

Kasutkia,  39s- 
Cïreek,  Captain,  company  of.  at  Fort 

Pitt.  167. 
Grwn.  Henry,  tigna  contrtKt  with  B. 

Tardiveau,  444- 
Grccn,    Thomas,    nignii    contract    with 

B.  Taidiveau,  444. 
Greverat.  aec  Gravcrat. 
Griffm,  Martin,  f.  J.,  «vork  of,  refcrrrd 

to,  xxxvlii,  n.  I,  xl,  n.  3,  xli,  n.  3. 
Grillel,  dil  Ijronde,  see  I^ronde 
Groots  (Gratl,  Crool),  Jacob,  resident 

of  niinoLi,  431;    signs  contract  wit* 

B.  Tardivcau,  444. 


Grools,  John,  reaidcnt  of  Illinois,  431- 
431. 


Groots,  wElllam,  resident  of  IlIinoi%, 
Guardian,  ^potntment  at,  69,  70,  71 


INDEX 


79,  JIQ4;   piMver  of  court  over,  ;o,  7>; 

naisnalion    of,    394;     icsponsîbîlit:r 

of.  JQl. 

Ouic^lc,  Franijois,  mames  Antoine  Bau- 

vais,  4Ut  0-  S. 
Guian^  F«<1  S.,  sells  hor«c  to  H.  Smith, 

351,    953;    Vga*   commission,    317; 

supporter  of  R.  Winston,  117,  n.  t. 
Guise,  Ilavirl,  recent  of  Illinois.  431; 

ligmi  contract  witii  I).  T&rtltvi--au.  444- 
Gube,  Samuel,  resident  of  Ulinob,  433' 
Gvfae,   Solomon,   mident   of   Illinois, 

43  a. 
Gunpowder,     impomttaa     of.     xviii, 

pncc  of,  14;  parcbue  of,  by  Am^ri* 

ons,  Kviii,  13.  la,  n.  4,  u,  i4- 
Guns,  trade  in.  13.31,31.33. 
Guyon,  nrardera  falher-in-uiw,  543. 

Hunm.  Dsvid,  signs  contract  with  B. 
T»nlivMU,  445. 

Htldimand.  Governor  Fn^Icnck,  bioji. 
notke  of,  referred  to,  1 15.  n.  i  :  char- 
Ktcrisalion  of  P.  If.  He  In  Valinièrc 
bjr,  il;  friend  of  T.  Bentley,  i&(>; 
letter  to.  from;  T,  Bentley,  ijs.  171. 
A.  S.  Dc  Pcyster.  4S'  Marie  do 
Rocheblavc.  154,  I*,  de  Rochcblarc, 
«'.  155-  •73f  352:  papers  of,  135, 
n.  i;  refuses  to  release  T.  Bentley, 
135:  P.  de  Rochcblavc  a&ka  cer- 
titicale  of,  353;  urged  to  occupy 
Illinoi»,  173. 

Halfpenny,  not  in  census,  4ir.  n.  i. 

ilnmilton.  Lieutenant -governor  Henry, 
biog.  noUc«  of,  16,  n.  i;  «f&davit  of. 
ti;  ftntagonisra  of,  to  T.  Bentley, 
16S;  arouses  Indians.  ]6,  n.  i;  as- 
cribes capture  of  Vinctnnes  to  P. 
Gibault.  xxvi.  541;  at  Vincenncs,  104. 
n-4.303;  capture  of,  16,  n.  i,  17,  n.  i, 
73t  n.  1,  104.  n.  3:  captures  Vin- 
ceniws,  16,  n.  t,  75;  governor  al  De- 
troit, 9;  iniprisoomem  of,  105,  iiq, 
I».  154.  itiS,  179;  orders  arrest 
of  T.  Bentley,  17,  17.  n.  3.  4:,  10»; 
report  of,  on  arrest  of  T.  Bentley.  16. 

Hamillun,  Major  Isaac,  appointed 
commnndnnt  of  Illtnots.  r8,  n.  1: 
depaiture  of.  from  Illinois,  90,  n.  3. 

Hamilton,  William,  sells  iiquor  lo  In- 
diam,  14. 

Hftmiramrk,  Major  John  Fr»ncis, 
asked  to  send  garrison  to  Kaskaskia, 
510,  511,  5r3:  commandant  at  Vin- 
cenines,  503,  n.  i;  divide»  Weeya 
Indians,  509;    inaugurates  court  at 


Vincenncs,  507,  n.  3;  letter  of,  to: 
J.  Edgar,  511,  J.  Hammr.  s°3,  so6, 
507.  n.  2,  508.  S«9'  5'3'  J-  K-  Jones, 
514,  I.  Ledru,  511,  B.  Tardivrau, 
50Q,  J.  Wyllys,  504;  letter  lo.  from: 
J.  B.  Constans,  503.  J.  tidgar.  511, 
S>3>  J-  R'  Jones,  514,  J.  Elarmar,  501, 
Kaskaskions,  500;  reports  situation 
in  Northwest  to  j.  Ilarmar,  504.  $05, 
506,507,508;  request  of,  for  supplies, 
505;  sends  petition  to  I,  HainMr, 
509;  situation  at  ^"ta^ii-fa  ^^ 
scribed  to,  ^  14,  ;  ■  5, 5 16;  urges  eslab- 
lishaent  ol  govemment  al  Kaakas- 
kia,  511,  51Ï,  C13, 
Hanson,   Richard,   clerk  for  BB.yiiton. 


Wharton  and  Morgan,  45.  n.  1. 

ng,  fulii 
George  Morgan,  by,  tïfcrred  to.  %,  n.  i. 


Hanling,  Julia  Morgan 


n,  45-  r 
,  Life  o, 


>/  Cohmei 


Ilarïly.  report  of,  on  government  of 
Illinois.  ,170. 

Harmar,  General  Jouah,  attitude  of, 
towards:  G.  R.  Clark,  427.  J-  Dodge. 
436,  437,  4ÎO,  436,  i.  Parker,  410, 
n.  i;  complaints  agatiut  P.  H.  de  la 
Valinitft  seni  lo,  569;  deception  of, 
43^,  437.  430,  431;  departure  of, 
from  Vincenncs,  503,  n.  i,  576;  letter 
of.  lo  J.  Hamtramck,  50J;  letter  to, 
from  J.  Uamtrsunck,  503,  jo^.  507, 
n.  3,  joS,  509.  513;  petition  sent  to, 
509;  situation  in  Northwest  reported 
to,  506,  507,  508;  visits  Illinois,  xlvi, 
43Û,  450,  445.  n.  3. 

Harmon,  Israel,  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardivcau,  444. 

Harmon,  Thomas,  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardivcau,  444. 

Harpan,  sec  Dc  Gauintu,  Sieur  de. 

Harrison,  Captain  Benjamin,  death  of 
[?),   315;     mentioned.    3.19. 

Barrod.  Captain  James,  promissory 
note  of,  59,  60. 

UariTx],  William,  biog.  notice  of,  75, 
n.  3;  instructions  to,  from  D.  Pente- 
cost, xix;    service  of,  In  Northwest, 

«i«.  o.  7?li'>-.î- 
Harrvdsburgh,  J.  Lindsay,  commissaiy 

«t.  347- 
Hay,  Jehu,  bios,  notice  of,  105,  o.  i; 

prosecution  of,  105, 119. 
Hay,   John,   son   ol   Jehu   Hay,   105, 


Heart.  Charles,  at  Miami  Town,  503. 
Heiligenstcin,  sec  De  St.  Pierre. 
Helm,  Captain,  letter  to.  from  G.  R. 
Clark,  51;   mcniioncd.  97. 


6s» 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICU-  COLLECTIONS 


I 


Hemcl,  Genevieve,  wife  of  C.  Cadnn, 
96,  n.  t. 

Hendenon,  Joino.  rcaidcnl  of  Illinoû, 
4»»;  signs  comtrtct  vrith  B.  ï«rdi- 
veau,  444' 

Hendrick,  Geor^,  reudcnt  of  Illinois, 
431;  sifpis  conlnft  with  fi.  Tar- 
liiveau,  444. 

Hcntcy,  Samud,  ugns  petition  lo  Court 
at  Kftskaslcift,  895. 

Henry,  I'slrick,  Bttitiule  of,  towanli: 
French  in  lUinuis,  61,  6>,  64,  In- 
diini  bt.  63,  trade,  61;  in  Conti- 
nental ConflTeda,  tj8;  inatrUL. lions 
of,  10  G.  R.  CJarlc,  00,  63,  6y.  letter 
of,  toG.  R.ClArk,  6^;  providesG.R. 
Clark  with  appoinlnicnt  blanks, 
xjiiv,  47,  a.  I,  63;  Rpon  10,  on  cap- 
ture of  Vincennes,  xrvU;  R.  Win- 
ston t«*ivc»  commiision  from,  47. 

Bermon,  Tboinas,  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardivcau,  444> 

HIclts,  David,  sale  of  properly  of,  399. 

Ukks,  F.  C,  reprint  of  T.  Hulchins' 
Topùgrophital  Destriftioa  aj  Vir- 
ginia by,  leferred  lo,  a,  n.  1. 

Hide»,  (rade  in,  7r. 

HotWchon,  see  Aubucbon. 

Hodder,  F.  H,,  repiini  of  Pitman'» 
Presmt  Slate  of  the  Ewopeon  Stttif 
menti  on  the  Miinisippi.  by,  referred 
lo,  491,  n.  1. 

Hodge,  F.  W.,  menlioned.  35.  a.  t. 

Body,  letter  of,  10  J.  CorroU,  595. 

Hood,  Charles,  signs  contraa  witb  B. 
Tardiveau,  444. 

Hurtes,  needed  by  Inxnin,  159;  sup- 
plied to  M.  de  la  Baltne,  193>  ^94. 
trade  In,  i,  3. 

Bourk,  Louis,  Hittory  0}  Mtumtri  by, 
referred  to  xxxiii,  n.  t,  3,  n.  i.7,n,.  t8, 
n.  I,  18.  n.  4,  IÇ,  n.  19,  n.  i,  50,  n,  i, 
»97,n.  i,4t4in-  ».4t4.  n.4.  414.1-  5, 
417,  n.  38,  4t9,  n-  54.  4ao.  n.  6j, 
431,  n.  10,  445,  n.  3,  510,  n.  3,  540. 
n.  I,  591.  n.  1. 

Howe,  William,  resident  of  Illinois, 
433;  signs  contract  with  B.  Tardi- 
veau. 444. 

Howell,  report  of,  on  government  of 
niinois,  370,  371,  373. 

Hubert,  letter  lo,  from  P.  H.  de  la 
Valniii-rc,  558. 

HtilT,  Michel,  death  of,  413.  r.  31; 
resident  of  Illinois,  433;  signs  con- 
tract with  B.  Tardiveau,  444. 

Hughes,  Thomas,   commiuion  of,   as 


justice  of  the  peace,  4<»;  dns:  ta 
witness,  503,  contract  wHb  B.  Tai^ 
diveau,  445,  memorial  to  Congrus, 
368. 

Hull,  Nathaniel,  ngni  contract  with 
B.  Tartlivcau,  444. 

Hunter,  Joseph,  ailidavit  sworn  before, 

338. 

Hurd,  Lawnnce,  resjdent  of  IllJaois, 

433:  signa  contract  vHth  B.  Tardt* 

veau,  444. 
Huron  Indlaas,  calmed  by  G.  Linctot, 

163:  carry  letter,  105:  mission  to,  at 

Detroit.  131,  n.  t. 
Hutcbios,  Thomas,  Topograpkical  D»- 

serip4iait  ot  Virginia  by,  referred  to, 

1,  n.  J. 

Illinois  (Ilenoiw,  Ilinois,  Illenois,  Ille- 
noise.  Illonies,  Illonois),  action  of  Con* 
gtess  in  tegardto,  370,  37i,37>,39i, 
3W.  J99.  n- 1.  400. 4or,  409. 4".  41  *, 
4ii.4»7.43S'4S9.47';  advantageous 
position  of,  3S1;  Americana  In,  431, 
413,  433,  449;  appointment  of  com- 
miuioners  for,  411,  413,  4iji  arrival 
of  G.  R.  Clark  in.  48.  50,  333,  «o, 
33'-  341.  363,  4(4;  attitude  of  P. 
Henry  towards,  61,  63;  cession  of, 
to  Congress,  aio,  339,  361,  413.  446, 
457.  465.  473.  5>»;  conquest  of,  by 
Virginia,  iii,  xni,  4,  n.  a,  6,  n.  3.  49, 
n-  t,  51,  ji.  n.  I,  53,  5a.  n.,  ^3,  179, 
347:  continental  currency  m,  143, 
3Jt>.  331-  334,  i3S.  I2f>'  34i;  defence- 
less position  of,  10,  45,  63,  [09,  173; 
M.  de  la  Balmc  starts  for,  166;  P.  H. 
de  la  Valinltre  describes  conditkni 
in,  434-431;  departure  of  J.  Todd 
from,  131,  131,  n.  1;  diplomatie 
cormpondence  on,  xv;  duonleted . 
conditions  in,  xv,  49,  196,  361,  369,' 
370,  376,  3S4,  396,  399.  4*4.  4'S.  447, 
466,  510,  SIS.  S13.  SIS.  S19.  5>«.  53^. 
54Ï,  543.544.  S*»:  drought  in,  375; 
education  in,  73,  86,  139,  339,  340, 
343.  *44.  389,  390,  367.  367,  n.  I, 
36a;  emigration  of  French  from, 
338,  338,  n.  I,  337,  343,  361,  410, 
484. 494.  503. 508,  509. 510,  s» I.  516; 
English  language  in,  41 1;  famine  in, 
138;  federal  land  office  m,  373;  fer- 
tility of,  445.  447;  feuds  in.  543; 
floods  in,  37;:  foundation  of  County 
of,6o;  FrenLhin,449;  govern  men  lot, 
by:  G.  R.  Clark,  ft!.  68.  69.  73.  331, 
33a.  457.  45*.  P-  «e^  RochcbIa\-e,  4, 


INDEX 


«S3 


England,  54,  55,  sfi.  J83,  384.  384,  n, 
t,  3â4,  n.  3.  Ffcncn,  70, 383,  H.  Lord. 
55,  J,  Moiilgotaery.  24»,  333, 335. 3l(*- 
34».  34S.  45S-  *S^  J-  •*«««•".  »*». 
3^*.  3J9.  J  *«*a.  131. 333.  334.  Vir 
gink,  60.  61,  63,  63,  64,  84,  110,  113. 
114.  Its,  tlô,  140.  I43>  144<  >9i>  >95< 
199,  aoi,  arj.  333.  334,  935.  336.  33;, 
338.  373.  316,  330,  331,  333, 33S.  334. 
33S.33*.36i,  406.405.409.457;  im- 
migrwion  le,  33,  153,  3S6.  445;  in- 
veaigfation  of  conditions  in,  i.  315, 
317, 318.339,340;  Und:  quntlonslD, 
371,  sales  in,  410,  44S,  467.  spécula- 
tion in,  437,  430,  431;  lavr  in,  of. 
England,  5,  384,  n.  a,  Ftwicc,  4.  386, 
^7.3'6,  363,  384,  3S4.  n-  a.  399- 
VifgiDiâ,  143.  igô,  37a.  Aoo,  406,  40g; 
movement  îfor  statehood  in.  365.  3&1  : 
oi^anizatian  in,  of:  government,  366. 
369.  370,  371,  437,  46;,  mililia,  373; 
population  of,  369,  373, 383,  385, 399. 
414.419.431,449.478.479;  poauin. 
60;  TclatioDs  of,  wilh  Spain,  396,  397, 
398,  399,  300.  31 1.  331,  357,  373.  37S. 
377;  representation  of,  in  Virginia 
auetuSly,  84;  Revotutionary  caiue 
in.  13.  t9,  4S,  46,  47,  n.  I,  48,  49.  S'. 
So,  178,  17g;  leltlemeni  of,  445,  446, 
460,  47Q:  «laverj-  in,  30,  64.  05,  64, 
67.  9'.  93.  9;.  137.  19*-  304,  a3'.3»o. 
377.  383. 3^5. 3»r.  3.96.  397.  40»,  43». 
433.  44S>  n-  i>  4889  493>  598.  509: 
sugar  cuIll\-at[on  [n.  353;  suniassed 
by  Ktnluciiy,  iro;  tannery  in,  71; 
lajtation  in,  431:  irade:  In,  3,  n.  i, 
4.S.  7.  "3,  '5.37.38.43.44.381.38»- 
411,  with:  Detroit,  ^3,  411,  45s,  463, 
East.  3,  3,  I^nglatidi  41.  Mlchîlli- 
m&ckiniu:,  45,  41 1,  455,  463,  NalcheK, 
132.  New  Orleans,  7,  13s,  195,  215, 
»97.  334. 334.  n.  1. 379, 380, 380,  n.  i, 
455-  457.  4'i3,  Sle.  Genevieve,  411, 
St.  LouIb,  411,  Vincenne»,  36.  Vir- 
ginia, 31,  61,  7s,  143.  West  Florida, 
43- 
lUinois  BUterkat  CalleaUms,  referred 
to,  lev,  xvi,  n.  I,  xxii,  n.  a,  xxlv,  n.  t, 
xxvli,  xxxU,  n.  t,  xlv,  n.  4,  i,  n.  1,  4, 
n.  I.  4.  n.  3.  4,  n.  s,  7,  n.,  7,  n.  i.  8, 
n.  3,  8,  Ti.  4, 8,  n.  5,  t8,  n,  3, 19,  n,  19, 

n.  r,43.n-  '.44."-  ».44.  »■  3.49.  «■  «. 
50.  n.,  61,  n.  1, 64,  n.  1,  68,  n.  i.,  75, 
n.  I,  75.  n,  i.,  76,  n.  9,  79,  n.  t,  91,  n. 
a,  97,  n.  I,  104,  n.  1,  107,  n.  3,  117, 
a.i,  133,  n.  3,  130,  n.  i,  131,  n.  t, 
133, n.  i,i33,n.  i,i36,n.  1,139,0. 1, 


151,0.  3,  156,0.  i,i63,n.  1, 163,  n.  3, 
170.  n.  t,  189,  o.  1, 107.  n.  1. 198,  a.  3, 
«03,  n.  3,  306,  n.  I.  307,  n.  i,  3ii,d.  i, 
114,  n.  1,  317,  n.  i,33».n- 1. 33*.  n-»» 
14t.  n.  I,  350.  n.  I.  355,  n.  t,  370,  n.  i, 
»74,n-  i.aSs.n.  i,39S,n.  i,3o6,n.  i, 
311.  n.  i.3'3.n-  i.3i7.n- 1,362.11.1. 
367.  n.  t,  383,  n.  1, 383,  n.  3, 395.  a.  a, 
397,  R.  ■,410,0.  1,410,  n.  3,411,11.1, 
416,  n.  19, 417,  n.  38,  417,  D.  41,  431. 
n.  3,  431,  n.  4.  4".  n.  5.  4".  n.  6, 
431,  n.  J,  431,  n.  9,  431,  n.  10,  433, 
n.  18,  433,  a.  ss,  434.  a.  i>  44i>  n.  1, 
444i  ti.  1, 444.  n.  a.  445,  n.  3. 450,  n.  3. 
464,0.  i,53o,n.  3.5».n-4,S33'«-  '. 
;6i,  n.  t. 

Illinois  Indians,  conference  of,  wllh  P. 
de  Rotlieblave,  39;  trade  with,  ai,  aa. 

Illinois  Land  Company,  purchase  of 
land  by,  7,  n-  t;  trade  of,  willi  Indi- 
ana, 4,  n.  3. 

Illinois  River,  explored  for  copper  mines, 
3.  n.  I  ;  laud  sales  on,  7,  n.  i,  450. 

Illinois  Slate  Historical  Library.  0iti- 
leliK  of,  referred  to,  287,  n.  i.  384.  n. 
a.  418,  n.  51;  CoUtttiom  of,  referred 
to.  XV,  xvf,  n.  I,  xxii.  a.  a,  xxfv,  n.  3, 
xxvii.  xxvli,  n.  t,  xlv,  n.  4,  r,  n.  t,  4.  n. 
1 .  4,  n.  3,  4.  n.  s,  7.  n.,  7,  a.  1,  8,  n.  3, 
8,  n.  4, 3,  a.  5, 18,  n.  3, 19,  n.,  19,  o.  1, 

43in-  1.44.  n-  2,44.  "■  3- 49.  "-  ^-S^. 
n.,  61,  n.  I,  64,  n.  t,  68,  n.  i,  75,  n.  i, 
7S.  n.  a,  76,  n.  a,  79,  n.  1,  91,  n.  a, 
97,  n.  I.  104,  n.  r,  107,  n.  r,  117.  n.  i, 
133,  n.  a,  130,  n.  i,  131,  n.  i,  131,  n.  i, 
133.  n-  1.  uft.n-i.  139.  n.  I,  isr.n.a, 
1^6,  n.  1,  i&i,n.  1,  1:63,0.3,  170,  n.  i, 
189,  0. 1, 197,  n.  1. 198,  n.  a,  303,  n.  3, 
aoA,  n.  T,  so7,n.  t,ati,n.  t,  314,0.  t, 
317,0. 1,331,0. 1,338.0.3,341,0-1, 
350,0. 1, 355.  n.  1,370,0. 1.  374,0.1, 
885,  o,  I,  395,  n.  1. 306,  o.  1,311.  D.  I, 

3>3.  n-  '.  3'7'  •>■  I.  36*.  n-  «.  3*7. 
n.  1, 383,  n.  t,  385.  n.  3, 395,  o.  3. 397. 
n.  1, 410.  n.  r.  4to.n.  3,  4ti,o.  1,416, 
n.  19,417,0.  ï8,  417,0.  41,  431.  n.  3, 
43t,0.3,43i.n.  4.  43i>n.  S,43i>o.  6, 
431,  n.  7,431,0.9,431,0.  10,433,11. 
18,433,0.  35,  434,  n.  i,44i.n.  1,444. 
n.  1,  444.  n.  3,  445.  n.  3.  450,  n.  a, 

464.  n-i.S»o.  n».  S«>.n-4.533.D-i. 
561,  n,  I  ;  copy  of  G.  Morgan's 
LrUtT  Booktin,  i,n.  1,4.0.  3, 18,  0.  a. 
lUioois  State  HisinHcaJ  Society,  Trans- 
actions  of,  rererred  to,  x«vi,  n.  3,  49,  n. 

1,309,  R.  1.376,0.  a,  43I,n.  3,433,0. 

13,433,0.  3o,  445,  n.  I. 


«54 


lUJNOlS  lUSTORlCAL  COLLECTIONS 


AwÊÊntt  by.  wwtyw  to  •>  n.  i. 
iMilntiii,   TiMRae.   Burries   Jacqiis 

ftloifcl.  4iA,  n.  17. 
Inthaa,  iMrib«tiaa  gnuU  ol.  s. 

t,  B.  t:  bianM  in.  of:  G.  Hcxgaa. 
t,  a.  I,  f  to.  n.  I,  T.  Fuar.  >io. 
Inmaos,  Bniiude  o(.  tewowb:  Amctl- 
nn»,  jiQs  G-  K.  Clark,  iro,  Fnglnh, 
44.  IJT.  118,  KwtKrh.  i6.ï,  164.  165, 
lU.  167,  184:  aitliude  towftrds.  of: 
CooKRMi,  J7*.-«<^>.T.  Jrlkmn.  147, 
148.  r.  Bmry,  6t,  b(;  bubarii*  oJt. 
III!  b«akceFon  lefienoa,  51.11.  a: 
cftuir  tRHihfe.  14S;  conférence  of, 
vlLh:  M.  de  U  Bclmc,  163,  164, 
ib$,  P.  dc  KorbfbUve,  j^  40,  Ê. 
Fitjqtenld.  516,  Vuidreiia.  177;  de- 
feat ef,  J4A;  dedte:  Uquor,  30,  t^s. 
Imde  fat  UqcHtTt  19.  30,  jt.  tnide  wltn 
Ei^llish,  14,  99;  dninkrniKSS  of,  ^, 
■5.3Q1  eBKtoa,  o(:  Detroit  expcdV 
llicm,  tKX.  Ifqiior.  w,  gOk  çt,  117,  164, 
164:,  536;  cjcrltnlbr:  EngjUih,  i,n.  1, 
t\  n.  I,  4<^  157,  i&i.  ^pftiiknl«,5t4. 
Viiglnians,  190:  opeanlan  annut. 
yx.  n.  t.  ^i6,  n.  *,  45;.  458. 458,  n.  1. 
5w;  expul»km  of,  gS;  tear  of,  70: 
gfitt  to,  187,  iQ],  199:  bosiUIty  el, 
S,  »i,  »».  39.  60,  61,  70,  90,  9;,  103. 
143.  I<»4.  1*9.  J»3. 355'  3^'  J*S.  37*. 
41»,  414.  43<>>  4«S>  446.  45^  49>. 
503.  SO),  joj.  506.  510.  SM-  5>*.  $16. 

9*i'  ?^^'  "^""^'^^^  *'^'>  *''-  ^'  ^ 
M  ItaW.  106.  T.  de  Montin-un.  356, 
357,  P.  de  RorhelJkttr,  si.  aa,  39,  40, 
C.  linctot.  1^3.  *,'•.  Mot^an,  3.  n.  i: 
kfll  H.  M'Culy.  141,  n.  1;  l&nd 
glkBis  b]r,  a,  a.  a.  91,  93,  144,  373. 
450,  463.  4T*.  4*».  493.  n.  i:  G. 
Uoifts  anpcrimcfkdent  of.  3:  on 
Delrâit  expecHliorv,  196.  199.  >oo: 
ouira£r«  ol,  eocminced  by  P.  de 
Rochcblave,  6;  pilUpng  of.  44.  95: 
powtly  of,  164.  170.  506;  pfoclaiaa- 
tiontD,rnMn:  French  Kins.  i>ii  IS7< 
St.  Germain,  156;  promtes  to,  157, 
164,    165:    providca  with:    fiteaniu. 

iR4.iS6,5«P[Jk«.356.3S7.3S8;  «la- 
tionsof,  with:  G.  K.  Clark,  147.  T. 
de  Monbceun,  «6,  357.  35S;  aide  of 
liqtwr  to,  forbidoen,  <,  14,  ao,  99,  91. 

S.  it7.  117.0.  1,  ttS.  tto.  387.  383. 
3,  a.  >;  sell  Und  (o  W.  Murray  ami 
ompany.  91.  91;  strength  of,  510; 


WhnJwrion  of,  506,  ;o8:  threaten 
(rootier,  163,  164:  tmJe  with,  34, 30, 
7S.  no.  143.  148.  164.  I7>.  173.  *I9> 
360. 395'  44*.  460. 46».  470. 479.  5*7. 
536.  Uadc  with,  in:  com,  i»,  13,  35, 
fun.  4.  5t  Kunpowdei-,  11.  13,  179, 
land.  4,  n-  >•  ?-•  o.  i,  liquor,  t4.  t$. 
wo.  31,  »7.  3S,  39,  3a  .t-!.  39,  90^  91, 
9>.  It;,  1&4,  «87:  iieatiet  «rKh,  1.  i, 
&■  >.  63.  3SA,  4M.  503.  503,  507: 
lTt«tmeni  •»,  by  franlierancn.  1^. 
184:  uKd  as:  mesaengers,  105,  176, 
itarr«.  ft;.  03.  117,  331. 
IntcAtate  Ml«te.  power  of  judidary  over, 

Oif.  ;o,  :i  71. 

Iran  Banks,  fortification  at,  53. 

Iron  MiDc^  G.  R.  Clark  at.  $19. 

Irwin,  Captain,  defeats  Indiana,  345, 
34A. 

Irvine,  member  of  conmiltee  on:  letter 
of  P.  Laaglois,  439.  letter  of  B.  Tatdi- 
vtKU.  453.  memorial  of  B.  Tardiveaa, 
468,471;  rraortof.on:  Illinois  land, 
47i.meniori«b  of  B.  Tsrdiveatt,  465. 

Jacomini  (Gacomlni,  lacqucmaJn.  lac- 
membt  Jaquetnin),  Giovmni  Bap- 
iwa.  casts  vole  in  electioa,  86,  999; 
dedioa  of,  393;  ma^iilrvtc.  39*, 
310;  Ksideiu  of  Pi^rie  du  Rocher. 
430:  takes  oath.  30S. 

jKwninl.  PJerre.  leûlcnt  of  Prairie  du 
Rodier,  4». 

larquemain.  Ja(;<)ucmEn,  m«  Jacomini. 

Jul,  Court  recette»  pcnmuioa  from  J. 
MonigDaerr  to  use,  151;  erection  <n, 
at  Ka^caskia.  tSA.  190;  the  military 
refuae  use  of,  195. 

Jandroo,  see  Cendron. 
ania  (Janev,   JaniMe,   Janist).   Andre, 

reudeni  uf  KisLjukin,  410. 
Janis,  .\nioine,  St.,  resident  id  Raskas- 

kia,  414:    siiK^s  petition  to  govcmor 

of  Virj(inia,  139. 
Janis,  .AÀioiiie,    Jr.,  sJctis  petition  to 

governor  of  Virginia.  340- 
Janis,  Françoia,  lesident  of  Kaskaskia, 

4141    >lgns  pétition  to  got'croor  of 

Vii^nia,  339. 
Janis,  Jean  Baptiste,  Sr.,  biog.  notice 

of.  410,  D.  64;  antagoalsm  of,  to  R. 

Winston,  344. 344.  a.  i  :  candidate  for 

office,  301,  303;    marriea  René  Julia 

Barbau,43o,n.64:  leodcDt of  Pnirie 

du  Rocher,  430;  servea  under  G.  R. 

Clark.  iS,  n.  4,  430,  n.  64;    ligns: 

contract    with    B.    Tardiveau,    44a, 


INDEX 


6SS 


tnemorial  to  Virginia  commissioncre. 
344>  iKliiion  to  Court  u  Kksknskia. 
ago,  petition  to  govrmor  o(  Vii];inia, 
3iit;  votes  in  «Intion,  30J.  303. 

Jnni^,  Jran  HAplbtr,  Jr.,  resident  of 
I'rainr  Ou  Kochrr,  430. 

Jatus,  N'icolu,  biog.  tioticc  ai,  tS,  9.  4: 
•dviicd  to  hold  Court,  350;  ania^- 
ODbm  of,  to  R.  Win»ioa,  344.  344i  n. 
t;  captain  of  militia,  iS,  3S8:  casts 
vote  in  tleciion.  J69,  301  ;  certificate 
of  election  of,  $6;  contribution  of, 
to:  M.  dc  la  Balme,  194,  troops.  116; 
copy  of  letter  sent  to,  557;  delivers 
tetter,  378;  letter  of,  to:  A.  Fowler, 
346;  letter  10,  from:  A.  Fowler,  161, 
346,  R.  Winston,  350;  magistrate, 
S6.  134,  MQ,  313,  «7.  368.  n.  3,  350, 
n,  1;  inrmljcr  of  Court  of  Enquiry, 
■8,  36;  petition  of,  10  R.  Winston, 
a66;  requested  to  reassemble  Court, 
106;  resident  of  Kaskaskia,  414: 
sigiu:  accusations  against  I*.  H.del.1 
VuHnitn:,  580,  as  witness,  388,  con- 
tract with  R,  M'Carty  and  P.  Pré- 
vost, 343, contract  with  B.  Tardiveau, 
443,  memorial  to  Virginia  commis- 
ûotxn,  344,  petit Joi>  to  Court  at 
K^ff^^'^'l".  143,  38c,  petition  to  gov- 
emOF  of  Virginia,  339,  petition  to  J. 
Todd,  93,  testimony  in  Court  of 
Enquiry,  36,  37,  39,  30, 31,  33.  i3,  34, 
J6.  38,  39,  40;  sympathy  of,  with 
Americans,  8,  8,  n.  1,  18,  n.  4. 

Janoi,  see  Lacbapclle. 

laqucmin,  we  Jacomini, 

Jairelt,  see  Gerard. 

Jaulard,  grants  power  of  attorney  to  A. 
Duliuque,  561, 

{cbue.  see  Git>ault. 
cfTerson,  Thomas,  advice  of,  lo  G.  R. 
Clark,  144,  147,  J18;  blanli  commii- 
aioiis  sent  by  14;;  attitude  of,  tow- 
ards: French,  143, 145,  147.  Indiana, 
14;,  148;  friend  of  J.  Lemcn,  445, 
n.  1;  Illinois  affairs  reported  to,  315; 
letter  of,  to;  C.  R.  Clark,  143,  144, 
319,  Martin,  144,  J.  Todd,  143; 
letter  to,  from  G.  R.  Clark,  144,  O. 
Slaughter,  315,  Shelby,  148.  Worth- 
ington,  148;  orden  investigation  of 
J.  Dodge.  319;  proniiers  le-inforve- 
menu  lo  G,  R.  Clark,  147;  recruit- 
ing instructions  of,  145, 
Jermain  (Jcrmin>,  '.■oteî  in  election, 
301;     comHbmian    of,    to    troops, 


Jesuits,  expulsion  of,  493;   (and  grants 

10.463.  493,49»,  n.  I. 
Jcunc^'te,  see  I^  Jeunesse. 
Jivaud  (Civaud).  Augustin,  tesidcnt  of 

Prtine  du  Rocher,  4»o. 
Johnson,   petition   of   French   referred 

to.  383;   report  aS,  on  government  of 

Illinois,  39t. 
Johnson,  Matthew,  appointed  lietilea- 

ant  governor  of  Illinois,  11,  11,  n.  i. 

14- 
Johnson,   Sir   William,   land   spécula- 
tion of,  t,  n.  1,  3.  n.  I , 
Jojong,  sent  as  messenger  to  Vinccnnca. 

5»- 

Jones,  W.  A-  B.,  article  by,  referred  to, 
436,  n    1. 

Jones,  Ueuienani  John  Rice,  biog. 
notice  of,  436,  n.  i;  cammittary  for 
G.  R.  ClarlE.  436, 426,  n.  1  ;  describes 
situational  Kasltaskis,  514. SiS>  Si6> 
letter  of,  to  J.  Haintramttk,  514:  men- 
tioned 434;  opposition  to  J.  Dodge, 
436,  430. 

Jowncl  of  Virj^inia  Hoitse  of  DtUgaUs, 
referred  to,  u,  n.  3,  a,  n.  i,  349,  B.  I, 
346,  n.  I. 

Jou'nals  of  CoHgfttt,  refcned  to,  3,  n.  I , 

371,  n,  1,393,  n.  t,399-n-  1,413,  n.  i, 

4"3.  »■  i.4t3.  n-  4.419.  "■  *-  479i  "■  i. 
481,  n.  I. 

Judiciary,  election  of,  83,  84,  it,,  86, 
3(^9,  391,  301,  384:  establishment  of, 
inlllinoi»,  £,  n.3,  iS.  18,  n.  1,  t8,  n.  4, 
18,  It.  5,  59,  n.  I,  68.  68,  n,  1,  73,  336, 
406,  408,  409;  powet  of,  69,  ;o,  71, 
73,  86,  87,  III,  113,  113,  (54,  986; 
under  British,  56,  57,  3S4,  French, 
364,  3S4,  n.  3;  use  of  ariiiters  in,  30, 
40,  384,  386,  496:  see  Courts. 

Justice  of  the  Peace,  commission  of, 
401;  duties  of,  t6,  319,  316,  403; 
oatb  of,  30S,  431,  n.  4;  oOice  of, 
among  French,  316;  payment  of, 
143- 

Kahnkias,  Kafao»,  Kaokias,  Kv»,  see 
Cahokia. 

ICauedy,  see  Kennedy. 

Kaskoskia  (Cascochiàa,  Casltakea,  Cas- 
kakia,  Caskasia,  Caakasfcia,  Caskas- 
ktas,  Kaskakias,  Kaskaskess,  Kas- 
IcAskias.  K.a..ikaskie,  Kaskaskiea.  Kas- 
kaqutas),  action  of  Congress  in  re- 
gard 10,  3jo,  371,  391;  address  ot 
inhabitants  of,  to:  M.  de  la  Balme, 
189,  199,  C.  de  Liucme,  199;  agree- 


ILLINOIS  mSTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


mem  of  inhabiiants  of,  40S,  409; 
American  cauie  at.  xix,  xx,  xxiv,  51  ; 

Americans  bold  office  in,  406,  408; 
unmimition  srat  lo.  atj;  arriva]  al, 
of:  J.  Drazraux,  19,  n.  r,  (î.  R. 
Clark,  48,  50,  833,  330. 131.  J41,  363, 
A.  Si.  Clair,  514,  n.  i,  Congrcnioiuil 
napcn.  396,  J.  Egdar,  376.  n.  a,  P. 
Kâmcdy.  3.  n.  i,  B.  Tarufvvau,  426; 
aMcmbljr  in.  290,  407,  406,  461,  n.  1  : 
attitude  of  inhabitants  of,  towards 
Frtnce,  395;  J-  BauRj'  judRS  ii\. 
39'>  393:  beare  weight  of  expense, 
1,^91  M.  Bouvd  judge  in,  419,  n.  54; 
capture  of.  xxlv,  4,  n.  2,  49.  n-  ■•  50, 
n.  I,  51,  347,  371,  41J:  F.  Carbon- 
ncAuz  ajjcnt  for,  369;  cciutu  of,  414; 
commons  in,  463;  communication 
oi,  with  Cahokia  and  Ste.  Ccneview. 
358;  contract  of  inhabitants  o(,  with  : 
K.  M'Caity  and  P.  Prevoti.  «t.  B. 
Tardivcaa,  440.  453.  453:  Court  al, 
6,0.3,19,  n.  1,43,68,68.  n- 1,7»,  73, 
79,  80.  a.  I.  8a,  84,  «6,  87.  95, 96,  97. 
aSo,  «90.384, 384,  n.  1,  39t,  406,  407, 
40&,  409,  43a;  T.  de  Monbreun 
commandant  si,  355;  departure  of 
J.  Dodge  from,  410.  n.  1,  41;,  430, 
43».433.4j6;descriplionof,is:  P.d« 
St.  Pierre  at,  xxxvi.  574:  de%'a!iUtioa 
of,  510;  disestiblishmcnt  of  Court  in, 
3ii,n.  1,343;  disordered  conditions  in. 
xUi,  xliii.  xlvii,  xlviii,  40,  iii,  iia,  137, 
141.  190,  jgi.  199,  t8ï,  316,  376, 
434,  435.  43Û.  407,  438.  439,  430.  431. 
4-l7<  45*^1  45^.  515:  dt-^tancc  of,  ftom 
Vinfcnne*,  53;  disturbed  by  P.  H. 
de  la  Vallniir*,  568,  574,  575,  576, 
577>  5^°\  ecdesuutlcal  property  {n, 
599;  election  in,  84.  8;,  86.  87,  J5;, 
365.  n.  t,  aGS.  3^8,  n.  i,  370,  376,  301. 
301,304;  English  tradera  in,  4,  410, 
41 1:  election  of  |ail  al,  j8(j,  290; 
establishment  of  civil  authority  in, 
398;  factions  in,  x6i;  A.  Fowler 
commandant  at,  toa;  garrison  at. 
90,  n.  a,  3«4,  45S'  5",  511.  513;  P. 
Gihault  obtain*  land  at,  596;  gov- 
cntmenl  of,  by:  Court,  68,  71,  111, 
112, 113. 117,  irS,  976,  385,  3iS6,  a8;, 
a88,  389, 316, 330, 401,  407,  408,  409, 
410.  510,  511.  530.  J-  DodRe.  xHi. 
xliii,  J.  Montgotner)-,  234,  335,  J. 
Roger»,  336,  3iRj  539;  immigration 
to,  zv,  153,  tniocmalion  concemiiiig. 
439,  inhabitants  of:  accuse  P.  H. 
de  la  Valinitie,   x\vi,   S74>  aak  fur 


gOTCrnment,  315,  365,  37©.  37».  410. 
ask  protection  ot  M.  de  ta  Balmc, 
189,  191,  19s,  199,  asked  for  supplice, 
IT3,  114,  115,  complain  to  Virginia, 
345,  contriltutc  to  M.  de  U  Balme, 
■  Vit  104,  contribuie  to  troops,  ti6, 
ordered  to  repair  fences,  376,  377. 
refer  to  Virginia  Bill  at  Rights,  140, 
[«fuse  supplies,  139,  aoQ,  request 
ammunttton,  115,  send  agents  to  Vir- 
ginia, 341,  n.  I,  315,  316;  T.  JcffcT- 
too  advises  eiMtion  of  fort  at,  147; 
J.  R.  Jones  In,  436,  n.  1  ;  land  gratits 
to  inhabitants  ui,  349,  3110,  3;!,  463, 
481 ,  491,  493,  n.  I  ;  J.  Ledni  at.  591 , 
n.  1;  letter  from,  to:  G.  R.  Clark, 
315,  J.  Mortgomerr,  455,  J-  Rogers, 
B07,  312,  J.  Todd,  215;  letter  to, 
from:  J.  R.  Barluu,  39S,  T.  Bentley, 
30I,  Congress,  437,  R.  George,  313, 
J.  Hauitramck.  511,  513,  J.  Rotrers, 
306,  an;  memorial  from,  to  Con- 
gress, 3(>o,  361,  j6i,  413;  militia  of, 
19;  notary  in,  363,  perTlous  position 
of,  XXV,  510,  513;  petition  from,  to: 
Congress,  4'o.  410.  n.  3,  411,  447, 
454.  465,  466. 471.  475.  47;.  481,  483, 
48J,  n.  I,  Court,  284.  French  am- 
bas*ador.  238,  governor  of  Virginia, 
333.  }-  Hamtramck,  509,  J.  Todd. 
88;  petition  to  niugistrates  of,  from: 
T.  Bentley,  aao,  R.  M 'Carry,  3i6; 
political  importance  of,  xv;  popula- 
tion of,  438,  449.  479,  492,  493;  pov- 
erty in,  190,  191,  308.  333,  334,  33S, 
337.  338.  341.  343.  3"3.  3*4.  4SS. 
457.  45».  463,  4f>4.  S'".  5'9.  S^'< 

ErfvatioQsof  Inhabitants  of,  137;  pnc 
unation  of  J.  Monl^mer^  to,  113; 
prosecution  of  Auurncaos  m,  399,  n. 
1,376;  protest:  of  Inhabitants o^  136, 
to  inhabitants  of,  from  A.  BauvaJs, 
J.  S.  G.  Bauvais,  and  F.  Corset,  405; 
lemoDsCrance  of  magistrates  of,  195; 
sends  Lebrun  to  Congrcsa,  385,  n.  a; 
sla\YS  In,  341;  speech  In,  of:  G.  R. 
Clark.  80,  J.  Todd,  83:  supplies 
furnished  by  Inhabitants  of,  8^  93, 
loS,  140,  3o8,  333,  337,  319,  330, 
33'.  333.  335-  33('.  337.  34i.  3^3. 393- 
n-  »,  454,  4.^5-  457.  458;  syndic  in, 
176;  B.  Tardlveau  circulates  peti- 
tion in.  431,  440;  trade  of,  with: 
Indians,  tt.  New  Orieans,  507;  use 
of  French  Taw  in,  aSÔ,  387;  wealtbdf, 

138. 
Kaxkaskia    Indians,    Battist    chief    of. 


L 


i 


INDEX 


0S7 


349;  frlendlâneaft  of  clilef  of,  51J, 
$J3,  n.  I,  SU. 

Kay,  depvlUT«  of,  for  Detroit,  ta. 

K,e«Tne]r,  rqïort  of,  on  memorid  of  G. 
Morgan,  479. 

Keen,  report  of,  on  government  of  Il- 
linois, 199,  n,  I. 

Ktllogg,  Louise  ?..  Dunmart  War  hy, 
rcfcrTcd  lo,  7j:,  n,  3,  76,  n.  3.  109,  n. 
I,  363,  n.  t  ;  Ktvelêitivn  on  fA«  Upper 
Ohio  by,  referred  to,  xix,  n.  1,  xx,  n.  i , 
I,  n,  3,  13,  n.  4,  105,  n.  i. 

Kenedf,  see  Kennedy. 

Kennedy  (Kannly,  Kmedy,  Kcnnady), 
Patrick,  biog.  nolke  of,  a,  n.  i;  ac- 
knowledges petition  Vi.  P.  dc  Roclic- 
blavc,  361  agent  for  O.  Morgan,  43; 
appointment  of,  by  U.  R.  Clark,  3,  n. 
11  assbunt  commissary,  116,  1311 
Court  of  Enquiry  asked  to  examine, 
ay,  rw)ncT«tc*  P.  dc  Rochclvlavc, 
6,  76;  Jownai  <A,  3,  □.  i:  letlci  tu, 
from  G.  Morgan.  4:  D.  Murray 
agent  for,  4;  partner  of  R.  Winston, 
3,  o.  i;  punrliftscs  supplies,  tji, 
814,;  refuses  to  sign  pelilioii,  6,  10; 
sent  to  IHinoif,  3ij;  signs  tcsitmony, 
96;  summont-rt  10  Court.  43;  ^ym- 
paihyof,  wiiti  Revolution.  3, n,  i;  les- 
limony  of.  in  Court  of  Enquiry,  23,  a;, 
aO,  34,  mentioned.  6,  103,  34s- 

Kcae»,  Lftutmce,  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tkrdtvcui,  «44- 

Kenlon,  Simon,  leads  troops  to  G.  R. 
Clark,  347. 

Kentucky  (Kintac)  River,  Englisli  set- 
ticmcnt  on,  3J(.  ^B- 

Kentucky,  expedition  from,  against  In- 
dians, S07.  50S;  movement  for  state- 
hood  in,  365.  n.  i:  superiority  of,  to 
Illinois,  110,  J.  Todd  returns  to,  131; 
trade  of,  with  New  Orleans,  50;. 

Kerr,  Garland,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tardiveau,  444. 

Kickapoo  Indians,  ask  to  trade  with 
English,  14,  99;  hostility  of,  503, 
04;  uitcd  ag^ir»^  ChickÂsatm  and 
Choctaws,  147. 

Kidd,  not  in  census,  411,  n.  i. 

Kinkéd,  Samuel,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tardlveau,  444< 

Kintac  River,  see  Kentucky  River. 

Kin^,  Rufus,  pelitiun  of  French  refcrml 
to,  383;  report  of,  on  government, 
^9t. 

Kmnford,  W.,  Jlisiory  of  Canada  by, 
referred  to,  135.  n,  i. 


Knox.  General   Hcniy,  Z«Merj  of,  re- 
ferred to,  410,  n.  I. 
Knox,  Ma>or.  at  St.  Asaph,  76. 
Kohos,  lee  Cahokia. 
Koztoe,  Major,  sec  Bos*cn>a. 

La  Ilalme,  sec  Dc  la  Balme. 

Labouic,  Antoine,  law-suit  0^,  vt.  Pro- 
veau,  95,  96,  97. 

Labrierc  (Labricr,  l^bruytre)  Cather- 
ine Normand,  marries  Pierre  Lang- 
loi»,  416,  n.  31. 

Labriere,  Francois,  resident  of  Kaska^ 
Icia,  41S. 

Labriere,  Jacques,  resident  of  Kaslcaa* 
kia,  418:  signs  petition  to  gorcfnor 
o(  Virginia.  MC. 

Labriere,  Raymond,  decision  of  Court 
on  petition  of,  73;  petition  of,  in 
behalf  of  Mme.  A.  Cottinault,  68; 
Mgnt:  rcimmiuion,  317,  mcmortul  to 
Congress,  368;  wife  o(,  68.  69. 

La  Bn>n,  sec  Lcbron. 

Labniyirc,  see  l,«bTÎere, 

LabusicTc,  Joseph,  Sr..biog.  notice  of,  re- 
ferred to,  355.  n.  i;  acltonof,  in  Dodge 
Vi.  R.  Winston,  »7S>  877,  »78,  379. 
iSo,  sal,  383;  at  Prainc  du  Rocher, 
393  ;  demands (-onfistation of  urtjpen y, 
399;  J.  Dodge  asks  aid  01,  vs.  R. 
Winston,  375,  sSj,  353;  empowers  J, 
Dodge  to  make  arrest,  383,  384; 
cKamincs  witnesses,  377.  378;  letter 
CO,  from:  A.  Bauvais,  393,  P.  H.  de  la 
Valiniirc,  549,  J.  Dodge,  375.  183; 
petition  of,  lo  Court  at  KasKoskio. 
354, 374, 377;  province  of,  3Sa;  report 
of,  lo  G.  R.  Clark,  377,  378;  states* 
aliomey,  354.  374.  375-  »77.  >83.  >«»: 
sumrnons  as  wtlnesa:  H.  Smith,  alfO) 
I.  Williams,  379,  M.  Perrault,  378. 

Labuxiere.  Joseph  .\ntoinc,  Jr.,  ca- 
pacity of,  35S,  363;  commission  of,  as 
notary,  357,  363,  365;  complajnl  of, 
against  F.  Carbonncaux,  357;  notary, 
557;  oath  of,  to  R.  Winston,  366;  re* 
gntraliuo  of  commïaiun  of,  3^4,  355, 
357  :  retention  of  commission  ol, 
365;  »'?»'  "  notay,  554. 

Lachambre,  Buuvct  ait,  we  Bouvct. 

Lachanse  (Lacbance,  L'Chonte),  Ar»- 
totne  Caillot  ttU,  rc-iidcnt  of  Kaska** 
kio,  414;  si^ns:  cunlract  wilb  B. 
Tanliveau,  443.  petition  to  governor 
of  Virginia,  34a 

Lachaiue,  Benjamin,  resident  of  Kaa- 
luukia     .414. 


•5» 


nJJXOB  œSTOUCAL  COLLECTIONS 


41 4- 


«iVl 


GaklSL 


***•• 


<*   K» 


**». 


«»•: 


.■tfciiwi.  Sfldha  mà^  rf  K**a» 

Ui.414. 

Nk«4n.  Sc,  Ui«.  aodm  of. 
•^  S«k  •■   1.  414.  »•   5. 


<:<>,•.  I,  T.  BMIIi*.  8»  S.  KWtaii. 
.U4.  >«4.  ft-  t:  ntfaiiy  c—*Kt  of, 
k&a;  tMWMi  «1.  j^  ^  i;  cwn  vo» 
fa  JwMw.  lé^n*.  joi-.  wlifc.«i» 
vl  «lavilM  fila  H;  raMribvdM  <tf<  m 
M.  4i  Ift  B«Ib^  IQ3;  ««  of  Iratr 
*"■*  *°^.K^  557!  tWoâw»  jywdirtioQ 

a.  I.  Sk  i«ç.  ■•  ■:  gHkai  cam  fer 
G.  Ct«W.  >o^;  ta»«dl  fif.  »ilh: 
J.  B.  Orrâh  «ad  ].  Di^rifc  jn. 
^7^  J.  £4sû.  ^lo,  «96:  m^fimmtt, 
J».  50,  B.  1.  9a,  t07.  •■  a.  IM<  *0Q^ 
■li.  ■«J.  S*U  Si».  5«-  i*h  ■•  >■ 
SM.  S«5.  5"7.  M»;  M«b«  c*  Court 
irf  Ea^ôliT.  A  jQk  30.  «•  I  :  pathioa 
tot  mai  ).  Ediu  «nd  L.T(MfB*ct. 
Jtt,  $»».  s«i.  S»9;  i«i*M«  e*  K**- 
kaskk.  414:  «Iv  n.  ^  UoK.  CRtlh. 
3to,  «96:  KÉMs  |BO(h,  isi  kDs 
Mgio,  J77;  Bcttln  ■!  New  BotutMM, 
4t4.B<i:  i^w:  accvadonaiSidast  P. 
H.  tie  b  VaUaKn,  $80,  jEfti,  ■«!««- 
ment,  4og>,  a>  tBagulimtc.  5*1,  $t». 
51J.  Î34.  ï*5J»:.  Si<^  wotr«l  wiih 
R.  MC»rt\-  *nd  P-  PiTvo«.  i*j, 
coolract  with  B.  TkidiïCttu.  441, 
netnoml  to  Cui^ii  ii.  .i&8,  raciDoràl 
to  Vû^ioÀ  comimwiotifru.  314.  peti- 

,  dm  to  OmuI  at  KUskukia,  141.  3S9. 
Mthkn  to  covrnwr  of  VifTCtnia.  2_». 
J.  Todd,  43;  testimony  in  Court  of 
Eaqntrjr,  16.  17.  •9.  3o>  5i>  3>>  ^!- 
34.  J».  38.  J».  *o:  «unn»oos  coni«i- 
■nt».  S'3.  S»4.  5»5;  «opports:  Bniish 
game.  50.  R.  I,  J.  Dodge,  Jo,  a.  »,  368. 
415,  n.  41  tikrsoNih,  107. 

Lachuur,  NicoUs,  Jr..  uitagontsm  ot, 
10  R.  Winston.  344>  344<  n.  1;  ms^^: 


COMMA  «îlh   B.   T^nUvvM.   MSi 

JM.  pCtUda  to  fovvrnor  of  Vfa^iidK, 

Alaht  JanotdJT,  resldeai 

41$- 
Bufle,  biac-  Dotkc  of,  41S1 
tt.  14!  coauBcrcU  rtUtion»  of,  witli 
T.  Botlrv,  15;  ratdiQnitiaa  of,  to 
tMopi»  t  li:  laarrie*  Uarie  EUnbvtli 
Cha^wc  4i5>  n.  14:  one  lo,  (nun  L. 
BoiBer.  10;  rcaid^  of  KaakaakJa, 
41s:  «%«  pcdtiBa  to  Court  at  Ku- 
kasàîa.  15». 

I  iffcaiirnr.    Ottilea,  cnntributû»)   of, 
MQvw,  116. 

LackaoelW,  J«aa  Bi^itee,  loMcttt  of 
Eaafcaokia,  415. 

I  wNytlk.  Jaaeptu  RsUutof  Raika» 

UB.4IC. 

larfcualli.  liiaJi.  tesideal  of  Kaskaa- 

lda.4i> 
I  »fk«piif^  TbsRae.  manias  Atmiac 

Uotm,  416.  a,  17. 
Lwoona,    IVn«   Otina  iH,   maniei 

EKa^.^lh  Bkawnn.  416.  n.  14. 
LaCrate,  Afoea  SMrrirs  Jean  Chawrin, 

414.  n-  >■ 
LaCnMT,  Jeaa  B^nùtc,  si^ns  IcMer  to: 

P.  11.  die  la  VafiaAn.  55;,  ScQiinary 

d  QotkiK.  rt«k  5*7- 
LaCiati,  Loot.  icaMcBi  of  KaAaskia, 

4  IT. 
LaCrais,    Launt.    maniu    Joan  Bte 

BaaraU,  414.  n.  S. 
LackrouCr.  Seguin  4il.  sec  Smuib. 

Laflom  ^Lafooc.  Lcfoog).  Jean  '. 
ttstB(  hM{<  adlca  ofi  xn,  mzi  n-  ij 
acwnpanied  br  P.  Giteolt.  541; 
■fpmlatod  by  P.  Hewr,  xxvii,  64; 
asBONa  Riponubilily  at  miniaa  to 
VinaBBet.  sxTu.  nix,  xxxi,  50;  in- 
■tractions  to.  from  G.  R.  Clark, 
xsviil  ;  letter  of  rxrban^  in  favor  of, 
ig;;  lelttr  of.  to  G.  R.  Clark,  xsx, 
xixl,  n.  t,  50;  mink»  of,  to  ViD< 
ccimi,  ixx.  50.  5t:  suminoQcd  ic 
Coart,  300:  srmpathy  of,  with  Amer- 
icans, 8,  îi,  n.  t,  64. 

Laflrar,  nreame  of  Soumaixle 
«i;.  n-  36 

Lafong.  ae«  Laffont. 

Laforrac,    HypoUle,    itsfaknt   of 
kaskia,  41Q. 

La  Grand  CoOetr,  pDUowattomt  chief, 
Soj. 

La  Jcuneaie,  agent  of  Fnnch 


J 


,1 


tKDEX 


059 


ginia,  345,  n.  1;  leKcr  lo,  from  R. 
Winston  ftnuJ  J.  Laaourre,  345- 

LaUndc,Alcuuidcr,  resident  of  KASkA^ 
kirn,  416. 

Ljilande,  Jacqu»,  in  Katlmkl»,  416, 
n.  >6. 

La  Luxeme,  see  I.uzcrne. 

Latnalkc,  rrtirlcnl  nf  Kft^ikAJikia,  41Q. 

LaiDÛ,  Michel,  nuirin  Cdcxtc  Barroû, 
41S.  n.  51. 

1a  Mothe  (I-A  ^totle,  Lc  Moihe,  I^e- 
mote),  Guillaume,  biug.  notice  ol, 
104,  D.  5;  impriitonmenc  of,  104,  iig, 
1». 

Land,  conditions  ot  graota  vd,  4S&; 
confiicalion  of.  119,  130;  CongrM- 
■ional  inviM%iigation  of,  j8j.  i99.  413, 
483;  coDtrol  of,  by  Board  of  Treasury, 
473,  478,  480,  4B1.  483,  484:  cultiva- 
lion  of,  by  Frrtich,  384,  4*10,  46»; 
disputn  iti  lilies  of,  3;3.  n-  i,  371, 
599;  division  of,  into  townships.  480; 
due»  from,  78;  fcHcrnl  office  for,  373, 
474i  475:  grant  of:  us  bounty  money, 
(45.  hy:  Congre».  474.  481,  484, 
485,  487,  4&8,  490,  49".  -191.  n-  I. 
493,  493.  597.  SW-  Court  at  Cahokia. 
421,  o.  7,  Court  at  Kasluukia,  349, 
S50.  3SI.  490.  491.  491.  n.  i,  493, 
493,  T.  dc  Monbreun,  351,  n.  i, 
EnsliAh  commandanU,  384.  384,  n. 
3,  rpcnch  commandant»,  384,  493, 
493,  n.  I,  Indians,  3,  n.   3,   91,   93, 

•44.  37».  4SO.  463,  478-  48a.  453. 
n.  I,  Spain,  xlix,  410,  Virginia,  463, 
464,  476,  488;  lo:  French,  485, 
487.  488.  R.  Flint,  450.  471.  47>. 
P.  Cibattlt.  597,  Jesuits,  463,  49>. 
493r  n>  I.  C.  Morgan,  485,  487,  4S9, 
49«S  49f.  J-  Parker,  450.  471,  47a; 
improvement  of,  488:;  letters  paient 
for,  47S,  47fi.  477;  ordinance  for 
survey  of,  480;  petition  for,  of:  K. 
Flint,  449>45o>4So>  t>- 1>  4St,  Fnrnch, 
381.  411,  440,  44.":.  4-|S,  454,  460, 
461,  463.  464.  468.  471,  47S,  477. 
481,  483,  483,  n.  t,  491,  G.  Morgan, 
46c,  New  Jersey  Land  Society,  469, 
4TI-  49'.  ;■  I'arkcr.  449,  4^0,  450, 
n.  I,  451;  possessed  by  mission  of 
Holy  Family,  561,  5(^3,  sftfl,  567; 
]jowei  of  governor  of  Northwest  omer, 
473.  473.  474;  pn«  of.  410,  4S0; 
registrar  for,  373.  400;  rent  of,  564; 
rest^rvalion  of,  for  communs,  S&S} 
■ale  of,  75,  77,  yS,  79.  37*,  41e,  448. 
46Ï.  47».  474.  475-  477. 47».  479, 4*o, 


483,  48s,  4*9.  490.  491.  53^.  561. 
563;  scbene  for,  0*:  G.  Morgan, 
494,  B.  Tanliveaii,  437,  431.  437, 
440.  447.  448.  460,  461,  n.   I,  46a, 

484,  486,  494,  5&8;  settlement  of, 
XV,  446,  483,  490,  493  i  speculation  In 
XV.  xvi,  3,  R.  2,  3,  n.  I,  4.  n.  3,  18, 
n.  a,  91,  91.  411,  477,  484;  survey  of, 
37«.  404,  471,  473,  473,  474.  475, 
47a,  480.  490;  taxation  of,  464;  titles 
lo,  of  French,  446,  460,  461,  n.   i, 

463.  46s.  473.  475.  479.  484.  493, 
n.  t,  561;  trade  in,  with  Indiana,  4, 
n.  3,  ;,  n.  r,  9c,  qy,  \.tluc  of,  145; 
Virginia,  cncoungcs  scttlciacnl  of, 
446. 

Langdau  {(.angdo),  Francois,  signs: 
tonlract  with  R.  M'Carty  and  P. 
I'revosi,  344.  contract  with  B,  Tar- 
divcau,  443,  petition  to  govcnioi  o( 
Virginia.  340. 

Langlois  (Langloy),  Aodié,  resideol  of 
KAikiukLa,  416. 

Langlois,  Antoine,  resident  of  Kaakas- 
kia,  4i6. 

Laiiglms,  AugUBle,  resident  of  Eas- 
kia,  416.  416,  n.  3i. 

Langlois,  Charles,  reaident  of  Prairie  du 
Rocher,  419- 

Langlois,  Kticnnc,  marries  Marie  Cath- 
erine Deaudrau,  416,  ci.  at;  resident 
of  Prairie  du  Rocher,  419. 

fjinglois,  François,  resident  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  410,  n.  ai,  419. 

Langlois,  Gerard,  antagonbm  of,  to 
K.  Winston,  344,  344.  n.  i;  law-suit 
of,  with  C.  Gogoy,  134;  resjdi-nt  of 
Prsiric  du  Rocher,  416,  n.  at.  419; 
signs:  commi«ion,  317,  contract  with 
D.  Tardive»!!,  443,  memorial  to  Coa- 
giTss,  368,  memorial  to  Virginia  com- 
missioners. 344,  pclllton  to  Court  of 
Kaakaskia,  389;  supgwris:  J.  Dodg«, 
3&8,  R.  Winston.  317.  317,  n.  i. 

Langlois,  Louis,  mentioned,  416,  n.  3t. 

I^anglnit,  Marie  Joachim,  marries  Louis 
Populus,  Sieur  de  St.  Photes.  416, 
n.  ai. 

langlois,  Marie  Louise,  L,  marrfcs 
Pierre  Messager,  416,  a.  ai. 

Lnngloi»,  Marie  Louise,  U.,  mames 
Pirrrc  l^fcbvrc,  41Ô,  n.  3t. 

Langlois.  Ferine,  mentioned,  4tû,  n.  ai. 

Longloîï,  Picnc,  accusations  of ,  against 
B.  Tafdivcau,  436,  439,  451.  45»;  at- 
lacked  by  T.  Dodge,  438;  buys 
noUriai,  306;  candidate   for  office, 


66o 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


369;  cuu  vole  in  elKtion,  169.  37  ti 
303;  ceTti6rate  of,  381;  clerk,  974, 
jc6.  n.  t.  36S,  378.  523.  5»S.  SA 
537,  51a,  531:  rommwicaed  as  not- 
uy,  308,  n.  1;  death  d,  416,  n.  11; 
dwici  DOtArkt,  3%6,  9$^;  election  of, 
»69.  370:  land  r^ktnr.  4>7:  Idler 
of,  to:  C.  Thompson,  436,  R.  Win- 
ston, 3.^8,  aS9,  w;  letter  to,  ffom  J. 
B.  Barhau.  396;  numes  Catherine 
Normand  Labriere,  416,  n.  31;  do- 
tiy,  398.  40s.  AÙ't  °"^  0*.  '70; 
onpoaes  increaM  oit  nugiatntca^  359, 
961  ;  petition  of,  to:  Court  •!  Kuku- 
kla,  »s6,  R.  Winston,  308,  n.  t:  n- 
cords:  commission,  333,  33S,  docu- 
tnent».  374;  resident  of  KAâkaskia, 
■  >9-  d9°>  4'^<  A^^<  'I-  'If  retains 
commiwrion.  363;  s^ns:  as  n-itnes, 
•64,  conuDission,  317,  memorial  to 
CoDgreai,  368,  petition  to  Court  at 
g«J««fciii ,  gftg;  summoned  to  Court, 
309;  supporter  of;  J.  Dodge,  36S, 
437,  438,  R,  Winston.  ;i7.3i7,  n,  1; 
B.  Tardi^TSu  answers  accusations  of, 

4SI.45Î.  ■»53- 
Langloin,      Toi  net  Ic.      marries      Pierre 

Boucher  de  Monbrrun,  Sieur  de  la 

Soudraye,  30,  n.  i.  416,  n.  ai. 
l^angto.  Major,  see  Linctot. 
Languedoc,  Fnnfois.  binh  of,  418,  n. 

49:  rendent  of  Kaskaskia,  418. 
Lanieuse,  Dan,  sigi»  agreement,  409. 
La  Movile,  Louis,  votes  for  magistrmlc, 

I.apaf,  candidat*!  for  oiTice,  969. 

La  Pare,  sec  "De  la  Pare. 

I^dperche,  Jean  DaptiMc,  signs  petition 
to  Court  at  Kaxkukin,  989. 

La  Ferle,  Jean  Bopliitc,  signs:  contract 
Willi  R,  M'Carty  and  P.  rre»-o«i, 
344,  jxtition  to  governor  of  Virginia, 
340. 

Lapouriere,  casM  vote  tn  election,  aftg. 

Ijiiame,  Joseph,  tatr^uît  of,  vs.  Pi^ 
veau,  95,  90,  gj. 

La  Riviere  iridians,  hoMillty  or,  504. 

La  Roche  du  Bout,  English  call  treaty 
at.  503. 

Ijkronde,  I*ui*  Grillct  dil,  resident  of 
Pmirie  du  Rocher,  4»o. 

La  Rue,  Jean,  signs:  contract  with  R. 
M'Carty  and  P.  Prévost,  344,  peti- 
tion to  Court  at  Kaslcaskia,  139,  389, 
go%xnior  of  Viiglola,  939. 

La  Sablonieres.  Jacques,  resident  of 
Ftairic  du  Rocher,  419, 


Luoude,  Louis,  sii^s  memorial  to  Con- 
gre«,  368. 

Lasoude,  Marie  Louise,  marries  Paul 
Reaume.  418.  n.  45- 

La  Soudrayc,  Mdle.,  testimony  of,  tn 
Court  of  Enquiry,  34,  30, 

La  Soudrayc.  sec  De  Monbreun. 

Lasourte.  Antoine  Thaumur  ('t'aumer, 
Thaumur,  Tomur,  Tbooiir,  Tbomer, 
Tomsre)  ifiil,  marriage  of  iridow  of, 
415,  n.  16. 

Lasource.  Batlole.  tjgns  petltioa  to 
Court  at  Kaskaskia,  190. 

Lasource,  Jacques,  certi&cate  câ  elec- 
tion of,  86;  contritmllon  of,  to  lioops, 
it6;  decision  of,  concemiRg:  peti- 
tion, 355,  placard,  1C14:  iruultcd  by 
proclamation,  a66;  msKinrate,  80, 
134.  ao9,  3(3.  333.  335,  ass:  letter  of, 
to:  La  Jeunesse,  345,  R.  Winston, 
967;  letter  to.  from  R.  Wiostoo,  157, 
367;  pcUtioo  of,  to  Court  at  Kas- 
kaskia, 365  :  pcUiitm  to.  from  J . 
I^buxierc,  954;  president  of  Court, 
954.  358,  365:  retentloa  of  commis- 
sion by,  16$:  ugns:  as  witness,  100, 
964.  petition  to  Court  at  Kaskaskia, 
143.  petition  lo  J.  Todd,  94. 

Lasource,  James,  land  owner,  349. 

Laxource,  Jean  Baptiste.  contrtbuUon 
of,  to  troops,  it6:  marriage  of,  414, 
n.  8;  resident  of  Kaskukb,  415; 
sign*:  contract  with  R.  M'Carty  and 
P.  Prcvoat.  344.  contract  with  B. 
Tardivcau,  441,  petition  lo  Court  at 
Kaikukia,  139,  390,  petition  10  ko^ 
emor  of  \'irginia,  340;  rates  in  elec- 
tion, 3fi9.  a;i,  301. 

Lasource,  Pa*cal,  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 
416. 

Lasource,  Tague,  contribution  a(,  lo 
troom,  116. 

Lit  ['1  Louis,  signs  as  arbiter,  jor. 

I^  \'nlmi2n;,  sec  De  la  Valinifcre. 

Lavasseur,  see  I^^raswur. 

Law,  Judge  John,  Colonial  Hialary  of 
VitUfHHa  by,  referred  to,  xxvi. 

Lavr-suit,  belueen:  T.  Bentley  and  J. 
Dodge,  397,  n.  a,  T.  Bentley  and  R. 
M'Carty,  903,  n.  3,  I..  Botsdorj  and 
Proveau,  9^,  M.  Bouvet  and  lï. 
Smith.  403.  Clark  and  D.  Murray,  359, 
Charlerille,  and  — 111,  J.  Datchurut 
and  G.Cerré,  Ï11,  P.  IJe«rochers  and 
Proveau,  gj.  J.  Dupub  aiul  N.  La- 
chanse.  377,  378,  J.  Ivlgar  and  P. 
de  St.  Piem,  431-530,  J.  Edgar  and 


INDEX 


66i 


N.  Lachamy,  496.  C.  Oogoy  and  G. 
Z<U||alii  134.  Labonié  nud  Proveao. 

QJ,  LAchAase  ftad  J.  B.  Creilly,  J77. 
1.  Larmine  and  Provwu,  95,  F. 
Moniifçtif  and  M.  Bouvet.  403.  404. 
A.  Morin  ami  I-ebrun.  385,  H.  Smith 
«nd  T.  Williams,  351,  C  Tournier 
and  P.  de  Sl  Pierre.  491-530.  W. 
Wikoff  and  D.  Murray,  359;  srtticd 
by  arbitfrs,  ao,  4,0,  384,  386,  496, 

I.'Chansc.  sec  Lachanae. 

Lead,  needed  by  army,  i$ç-,  trade  in,  3, 

4.  ja.  33.  34.  'S9. 
I^bo,  account  of,  with  Virginia,  345. 
Lebron,  letter  to,  from  J.  Dodge,  1 19. 
Lebrun,  dU  Belcour,  Major,  death  of, 

3&$,  n.  3,  435;  debtor  to  A.  Morin, 

385;  meuenj^er  to  ConfÇreaft,  385,  n. 

3  ;  signs  letter  to  P.  H,  de  la  Vallnitie, 

.  5SÎ- 

Lecomte,  lee  Comte. 

Le  Croaae,  letter  to,  from  J.  Dodge,  i  si . 

Le  tin.  Father  Jacobin,  biog.  notice  of, 
51Û,  n.  I,  591,  n.  1:  J.  Carroll  en- 
quires about,  593;  departure  of,  for 
St.  Loub,  510,  n.  t,  515:  letter  to. 
from  J.  Hamtramck,  511;  mission  of. 
to  Northwest,  1,591;  aign»  petition  lo 
J.  Hamtmmck.  510. 

Lee.  Richard  Henry,  in  Continental 
Congress,  138;  report  of,  on  govcm- 
racnl  of  Northwcat,  399,  n.  i. 

Leeper,  John,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tardi^Tau.  444- 

Lcfang,  see  LafTont. 

Lc  Oraa  (Grass),  Lieutenant  Colonel 
J.  M.  P.,  accompanies  Peanke^haw 
Indians,  314:  agent  of  Vincennrs, 
346.  n.  i;  at  Fort  Nelson.  346;  de- 
mands of,  on  Virgini^i,  J4A;  govern- 
ment by,  536;  letter  of.  loC.  R.Clark, 
346;  notice  sent  tOy  314;  mentioned, 

143- 
LemcDt  James,  biog.  notice  of,  445.  n.  i  ; 

signsconlract  with  B.  Tardiveau,  445. 
l^mrfmnce,  see  I.espeiance. 
Lcmieux,  candidate  for  office,  969:  ood- 

irihution  of,  10  troop*,  (16;  votes  in 

cCcclion,  ï6g,  171. 

X^mieux,  Claude,  signs  contract  with 

n.  Tardiveau,  44). 
Lemit^ux,    Francis,    Sr.,    residenl     of 

Kaskaskia,  417- 
{.emieux,    François,    Jr.,    tuidetii    of 

RojikaskER,  417. 
Lemieux,  LouU,  mjdeni  of  Kaskaakla. 

4»7- 


1^  Motbc,  twc  La  Mothe. 

Lcmoull,  Captain  Richard  Barringcr, 
commandant  at  Detroit,  73,  n.  i; 
tetter  lo,  from;  J.  Dowman,  xxi,  73, 
J.  Girautt.  xxi,  74:  urged  to  obtain 
release  of  T.  Bentley,  73,  74. 

Lesperance  (Lemciance),  Joseph  Viaux, 
notary,  310. 

Letters  of  Exchange,  confidence  in,  of 
French.  33a,  335.  n^,  341;  discredit 
of,  tea;  drawn  on  O.  Pollock,  197, 
^35-  ^36;  effect  of'  on  trade.  363; 
mvestigstion  of,  3181  peltries  bought 
with,  334:  protest  against,  98,  99, 
100.  loi;  redemption  of,  183,  363; 
supplies  purchased  with,  loa,  3^3, 
331.  33a.  33<i'  3Û3:  Bupplant  coo- 
lincntals,  115. 

I^vasi«ur  (I,avasseur),  Ambroise,  resi- 
dent of  Prairie  du  Rocher.  4îo. 

Lcvaascur.  Charlotte,  birth  of,  415,  n. 

'7- 

Levasscur.  Jean  Bapttstc,  birth  of,  415, 
n.  17. 

Lcrasseur,  Joseph,  residcnl  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  430. 

Leva-sseur,  Louis.  Sr.,  reudcnt  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  430;  x'otes  Id 
election,  S6. 

I.,cva<iaeur,  Louis,  Jr.,  resident  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  (jao. 

levasscur,  Nicolas  Simeon,  birth  of, 
415,  n.  17;  marries  Thérèse  Bicn- 
iivnu,  415,  n.  17;  residcat  of  Km- 
kiakia.  4i5' 

LevaSKur,  Noel,  birth  of,  415.  it.  17. 

I.evasseur,  Pierre,  death  of,  41;,  n.  17. 

I,cvas8cur,  Rccollct,  resident  at  Kaa- 
kaskia,  418. 

r.evasseur,  Stanislas,  biog.  notice  of, 
415,  n.  17;  candidate  for  office,  369, 
371;  casts  vote  in  cleclion,  369;  elec- 
tion o(,  371;  magistrate,  3o(j;  oath 
of,  371;  resident  of  Kaakaakia,  415: 
signs:  OS  arbiter,  501,  contract  with 
R.  M'Cartyand  P.  Prewrt,  344. 

LcvaJKKUr,  \'ictor,  irstdeni  of  Kaskas- 
kiii,  415. 

Leveni,  Henry,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tardiveau,  444- 

t^vT,  Isaac,  letier  recommended  lo,  8. 

I^yba,  Madame,  death  of,  taS. 

Ucks,  D.  S-,  signs  meioorlal  to  Con- 
gress, 368. 

Limjwch,  Father  Bemanl  de  (Bern- 
hardt von  Lfinbadi),  blog.  notice  of, 
S 10,  n.  3;  at:Sle.  Genevieve,   573, 


66a 


ILLINOIS  UISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


St.   Loois,   XSXÎÎÎ;   investigation   by, 

Jtliii.  S4*.  573- 

Lincoln.  General  Benjamin,  position  of, 
in  Ceoivia,  75- 

Unctot  (Lintot),  Caplain  Cro£rrc>', 
biotf.  notice  ot.  nttrnti  to,  150^  n.  i  ; 
toiueienrc  ot,  wîlh  M.  <ic  Vsndffuil, 
I77i  17S;  (lemaiub  of,  on  Virginia, 
146:  enters  MrvEce  of  Vir^ginla.  f}H: 
influence  o(,  over  Indians,  163,  177; 
uatrioiUin  of,  iM;  telh  pciirin  tu  w. 
Shannon,  110:  mcMioned,  53. 

Lindsay,  Al>b«  L.,  works  or,  r^erred  to. 
S.Î4.  n.  I,  581,  n.  I,  59g.  IL  I. 

LimUay  (tjndicy.  Lin»ey.  Uniy). 
Joseph,  beajn  letlrr  to  R.  Winnlaft, 
iq$;  commistary  at  Karrodsliurf-ti* 
347.  34«:  àtMih  ai.  315,  347.  f|ft; 
|Mipera  of,  315;  purcIiMicrs  supplin, 
i59<  iQSf  334:  mentioned.  15t. 

I.in^n,  trade  In,  4. 

I. inn  fLynn),  Benjamin,  npy  of  G.  R. 
Clark,  XJtiii,  8,  8,  n.  3. 

I.inn.  Lieutenant  William,  met  by  T. 
Bentley'»  boat,  xin,  xJx,  n.  2,  kx,  xxi. 
xxil,  13;  mission  of,  lo  New  Orleans, 
xviii,  13,  n.  4;  relalions  of,  with  O. 
R.  Clark,  xxiii. 

LionnaLt,  pctiilon  of,  to  O.  R.  Clark, 
;oi  «tritie  at  house  of  Barbau,  69. 

Liquor,  ajtreement  amonjt  traders  on 
sale  of,  31,  31,  n.  i;  craved  by  In- 
fïians,  ,^Q,  165;  eSctl  of,  on  tivlians, 
90,  gx,  117,  164,  16;,  5j6;  furnished 
to  Indians,  358;  In<Jians  desire  trade 
in.  3'>.  30.  Ji;  Ikenso  ipijuired  Iot 
wlcof,  113,  ii.t;*&leor,  forbidden  to: 
Indian».  5,  14.  so.  31,  90,  93,  93, 
117,  117,  n.  I,  ]i8,  IE9,  387,  383, 
jSa.  n.  3,  slaves,  6$,  gt,  93,  304. 
3S8;  trade  in,  14.  15,  so,  3r,  ir,  n. 

1.  «9.  30»  3^,  J3.  34. 3S.  3f>.  39.90.9i. 
93,  93,  lia,  113,  117,  164.  304,  348. 
187.  38S.  34S,  455.  53*.  S4S- 

Lisette,  Indian,  slave  of  R.  M'Caily, 
331. 

Little  Kenawha  River,  Indian  land 
grant  on,  i,  n.  a. 

Livingston,  Robert  E.,  report  of,  on 
government  of  Illinois,  371,  373. 

Logan,  Cencral,  order*  to.  from  G.  R. 
Clark,  348. 

Loisel,  hiadame,  wjfe  of  ricrre  de 
Cirardot.  i3,  n.  t. 

Lon;(vu!  (l^nval,  Ijonvali.  Nonval). con- 
tribution of,  to  troops,  I  r6;  signs:  con- 
tract with  R.  M'Carty  and  P.  Prévost. 


344,  petition  lo  Court  at  Kaakaskîa, 

i.io.    339,    petition   to   gm-emor   of 

\'irginîa,  339. 
Longval,    Catherine,    ruarrict    Joseph 

Dooa.  417,  n.  33. 
Longval,  Joieph,  Sr.,  reajdenl  of  Kas- 

kaskia,  415. 
Longsal.  Joseph,  Jr.,  resident  of  Kas- 

kaskia.  41c. 
Ixntgval,  LvDOrgfle.  votea  In  election, 

3«- 

Longval,  Louis,  Sr.,  rv:udcnt  of  Kas- 
kaskia,  415;  signs:  contract  with  R, 
M'Carty  and  P.  Prévost,  944.  peti- 
tion to  governor  of  Virginia,  339. 

Longval,  Louis,  Jr..  tvsident  of  Kas- 
kaakia,  4r^. 

Lord,  Captain  Hugh,  appointment  of 
P.  dc  Rorhcblave  by,  4,  n.  5;  com- 
manilanl  in  Illinois,  4,  4,  n.  4.  90. 
n.  3,  55  :  ccflc»  land  to  O.  Cerrf.  78; 
entriKts  family  lo  P-  de  Rocheblave, 
'55'  '55>  ^'  ■•  ^^°''  <^ab1ish«i 
arbiters.  30,  40;  Indian  troubles  of, 
90:  popularity  of.  55. 

Ijouifville,  letter  to  officer  at,  from  R. 
Winston,  197. 

Loup  Indians,  calmed  by  G.  Lanctol. 
t6^;  rrlatiofts  with.  90. 

I^uMn,  AuijuMin,  nigns  petition  to  gov- 
ernor of  VirRÎtiia,  340- 

I^uviere.  ser  Dc  Louvicrc. 

Luncfunt,  Mnson,  rr-iidcnt  of  Illinois, 
433;  ^gns  contract  with  B.  Tardï- 
veau,  445. 

Luzcmc,  Chevalier  de  la,  address  10, 
from  Ka&kaskiana,  190;  French  ask 
intercession  of,  300;  interioursc  of, 
with  Canada,  175;  letter  to,  tn>m  M. 
de  In  Balme.  163. 

Lvnn,  see  Linn. 

Macarty,  see  M'Carty. 

Machieval.  mentioned,  ito. 

Mackinac,  dmLh  of,  44. 

Mackinac  (Macinac),   T.  Askin.  com- 

miiaary  at,  44;    A.  S.  Dc   Pcynlcr, 

commandant  at,  17,  n.  1;  tradcwtth, 

173:  Mc  Mirhiltimackinac. 
MacNabb,   Archihsld,    land    grant   to. 

349:     signs:     agilement,    409,    as 

arbiter,  501,  contract  with  B.  Tar- 

diveau,  444. 
MocNabb,  James,  signs  contract  whh 

B.  Tïrdiveau,  444. 
Madison,  Jamc«,  memoria)  of  B.  Tar- 

diveau.  referred  to,  494;    report  of, 


IMDEX 


«3 


Os  SDvernmcnt  or  Iltinoh,  399,  401  ; 

MHO)  «na/  commiutoR  to  }.  Todd, 

no. 
MatUson,     Rowland,     cummoned     by 

Inrestii^tliig  committce.   314. 
Uagbtrelea,   election   of.    Si,   84.,   85, 

a6s,   a68,  ajo,   agi.   301,   301.   304, 

3*4. 3W.  4'i:  oalhof.  107,  39a,  3Q3, 

30s,  306,  308,  4ÏI,  n.  4   (see  Court 

at  KiulLaskia. 
Ma^nion,  Fetk&t^,  wife  of  N.  Jauis, 

no. 
Mkkidoul,  lee  McDowell. 
Mancliac  (Manchack),  Ameriaa  suc- 

ttsscs  ai,  45;  T.  Bentley,  al.  xvii. 
Mant'f^,  resident  of  Kaskaikla.  419. 
Manuc]  (slave),  death  warrant  of,  97: 

triul  of,  97,  n.  I. 
iftirguiUieTi,  di»pulecl,  with  P.  U Jbtiull, 

503:   letter  of,  to  Hiabop  of  QucUx, 

561. 
Marriage,  customs  cd.  539;    drnjcnta* 

tfons  fur,  >si>  S53!    dowry  of,  43;; 

ccrlPîiAMirnl  laws  on.  570,  571;    fee 

for,  16;    Jirrime  far.  574. 
Maiuy,    Joseph,  candklnic   for  ol^ce, 

301;     ca.M.1    vote    in    elerlion,    301; 

*igns  contract  with  R.  M'Carty  and 

P.  PrevoM,  344- 
Man|uis  Marie  ImuIv,  marris  Joseph 

CtciUy,  414,  r>.  4. 
Marrs,    Tlwina»,   sisn»   i.vntract    willi 

B.  Tardivcau,  444. 
Marshall,  tnentioricd. 
Marsh^H,  .A.  K..  copies  letter.  ,148,  n.  I. 
Mar<ihall  (Marahcl).   John,  land   Rrant 

to.    3.Si;     signs:     conlrarl    »ilh    B. 

TanJiv-eau,   444,    atcmorial   to  con- 

graa.  jû;. 
ManhcL,    James,   reaidcnt  «f   lUiiiois, 

433, 

Martin,  Major,  Cherakee  a^nt  of 
VitK'"ia,  144. 

Ma!«(.ipi  River,  see  MIssisstppl. 

Mason,  E,  C,  article  bv.  referred  to, 
481,  n.  i;  PhUif  èxh46hvc  by, 
referred  to,  4.  a,  5;  XtKheMovt 
Paferi  by,  referred  to,  4.  n*  4,  4,  n.  5. 
CO.  n.  1;  John  Todd  Papett  by.  re- 
lérred  to.  nS,  n.  i;  Jrhn  Todd's 
Reetrrd  Beak  by,  referred  lo,  409.  n.  i. 

Mason,   George,   in  continental   Con- 

Ïrea»,    158;     letter  to,   from    G-    R. 
lark,  xxvi,  d.  i,  xxvii,  53,  53,  n.  i, 

■3. 1'  3- 
Maion,    Joseph,   signs   contract    with 
fi.  Tordivcau.  444- 


Ma»,  auembly  after,  a&6,  ^48.  555: 
honorarium  for.  579:  aale  of  property 
after,  399;    see  Church. 

Masson,  Louis  Villarel,  acts  as  witaess» 
Sa8. 

Matih  Coats,  trade  tn,  4. 

Mather,  letter  to,  from  Miller,  7. 

Mathews,  fames,  affidavit  of,  it; 
ck-rk  of  T.  Bentley,  10,  11;  deposi- 
tion of,  14;  gives  corn  to  AÎnertcans, 
ta,  13. 

Malison,  [Madison  ?],  money  acnt  by, 
"S- 

M'Carty  (Ifacarty,  M'Cartey,  Uc- 
Cartcy.  Mt  Carty),  Bcnoisl,  bequest 
to,  in  will.  331. 

M'Carty,  Captain  Richard,  biog,  notice 
of,  44,  n.  3;  bearer  of  petition  lo  Vir- 
ginia, a4t,  434;  bondsman  for  R. 
winaton,  87,  88;  commission  of. 
131;  contract  of,  with  Kaskaskiana. 
341;  dr^lh  of,  a4i,  n.  I,  414:  debtor 
to  T.  Bentley,  aai;  desertions  from, 
tsfi:  difhctillies  of.  133;  enlists 
soldiers,  3(6:  family  of,  in  Canada, 
330;  integrity  of,  6;  land  claims  of, 
331;  law-suit  of,  with:  T.  Bentley, 
405,  n.  a,  J.  rjocige,  ai6,  317;  letter 
ct.  to:  J.  Asliin,  44.  J  Todd.  334. 
n.  ];  miffiion  of,  to  Viisinio.  130, 
141,  343,  34;,  434;  petition  of,  to 
Court  at  Kasluskio,  aiti;  power  of 
attorney  )^nted  lo.  345;  supports 
troops,  aiù,  317;  will  of,  330. 

M'Carty,  RIcUanl.  Jr.,  bequest  to,  in 
will.  331. 

M'Carty,  Ursula,  bequest  to,  in  will, 
331. 

M'Carty.  Ursule  Benoist,  wife  of 
Ritliard  M'Carty,  331. 

McClanncn,  Bameby,  resident  of  n> 
linois,  433. 

MtClung,  Johu,  Wntrra  AdvfMlan  by, 
referred  to.  348,  a.  i. 

McClure,  Samuel,  death  of,  431,  n.  I. 

McCoy,  carries  letters,  395. 

McDon-elt  (MacUdouI),  Ensign,  acu 
as  witness,  4)7. 

McI>owcll,  Samuel,  at  Falls  of  Ohio, 
318,  338;  member  of  investigating 
commission.  31S:  pnscUunation  of, 
lo  creditors  of  Virpnia,  317,  318. 

McKldulT,  Daniel,  signs  as  arbiter,  501. 

M  c(i  lough  I  en,  see  McLaughlin. 

Mclaughlin  (McGIoughicn),  Henry, 
Tc«idcnl  ol  Kaskaskia,  433;  signs 
conitAct  with  B.  Tardivcau,  444. 


«4 


ILLIXOIS  HISTORIOVL  COLLECTIONS 


McHcniy,  report  of,  on  govcnuncnt  ol 

lîliiwis.  3ÏO,  373. 
Melon.   nATTLiliy.  aigru  conUact  whh 

B.  Tsniirrau,  44^. 
McXalrb,  M«  MacNnbb. 
MrRobens.  Juno,  re9i<knt  of  lllinob, 

413;     *i^n9   contract    witb    B.   Tat* 

(jivpau.  444. 
Mehiliiniikiniu',   tee  Michflllmackiiuc. 
Memorial,  lu  Congreta,  from:    T.  Cili* 

bannentu:,  .169,  370,  R.  FUni,  4S9. 

French  of  IllJnob,  360.  369,  370.  381, 

391,  413,  419,420,485,491,  G.  Mur- 

Sn,  4S3.  489t  49<N49i.  J-  Parker,  489. 
TaHivcau.  445,  447,  454,  4(>a. 
465,466,  47'.  475>  485»  491:  to  Vir- 
ginia from:  French,  340,  34;,  T.  <]e 
&Ionbrrun,  355.  35;,  n.  i,  D.  Mar- 
ray.  »x;  10  C.  lA'KshJnitlun  from  J. 
Carroll,  599;  «e  I>iItion. 
Mcnani,  Pierre,  obtains:  KaskasUa 
pa[Kra,  Citllcd  Tardivfou  Pafifn,  141, 

D.  I,  446,  n.  9. 

Mcnrlosa  fMcndocc),  Joaeph,  resident 
uf  Pmiric  (lu  Roiher,  4tQ;  sign*  c^n- 
Ir^ii  with  B.  TaMiveau,  44». 

Mc^sayer  (Mcs!>avc)>  Marie,  ûgns 
tneniorial  tù  CûiigiTS^,  3(>S. 

McMayer,  Ficrrc,  marries  Loujk  Lang- 
loii,  41a,  n.  at. 

Meurifi,  Falbcf,  assista  Father  P. 
Gibaull,  XK.xiii. 

Miami,  expedition  to,  from  V'inrennra, 
1Û9;  death  of  M.  de  la  Balmc  at,  346; 

E.  J.  Donne  at,  377- 

Miami  Indians,  aitark  French,  aoa 

Miimi  River,  Indian  IrouMc»  on,  504. 

Michigan  Ilisiorical  Sncictv,  CoiltC' 
tiotu  of,  referred  to,  xxxiii,  4,  n.  t. 
Q,  n.  1, 8,  n.  5,  13,  n.  3,  lO,  n.  2,  41,  □. 
I,  itQ,  n.  I,  341.  n.  I. 

MichtllinmclLinac  (Mehlllmaklnac.  Me- 
lilimakinoc,  Mirhitlmii'knia,  Mirhilj- 
marhinitc,  Mirhiliiniirkïmic,  Mirhili- 
maktna,  Michimakinac,  Michomu- 
knea.  Mililamnkinor.  Mf^hC'lemach- 
anov,  MtaHÎIiimackinar,  MiisiJJmiurin- 
ac,  MocliUlîmak),  arrest  of  T.  Bentley 
al.  S.  9,  17,  17.  n.  ».  41.  42;  }. 
A-skiit  al,  44;  drjiarture  of  Riiy  for, 
i^a;  Engli^  trade»  from,  3S3,  410, 
517;  Monforlon  at,  53;  oi>j>o«ition 
lo  Americana  al,  376;  trade  crf,  with: 
Illinois,  4;,  411,  455,  463,  St-  Louis, 
509:  sec  Mackinac. 

Mirhillinuickinac  Companr,  po«t  of, 
ai  Cahoiua,  J95. 


MiUlin,  Thomas,  icllvr  lo,  from  T.  de 
Monbreun,  360;    preaident  of  Coa- 

pM».  361.  3*»' 

Mij^ttux  (Uigne,  M ijcno),  Joseph,  signs: 
coninut  with  R.  M'Caitjr  and  P.  Pre- 
voat,  344,  memorial  to  R.  Winston, 
344,  pétition  to  Court  at  Kaakaskia, 
«90. 

Mills,  Captain  John,  baiigaln  of,  with 
Sullivan,  505. 

Miro,  refuses  to  coo&TRi  land  ffnnl,  3,  n. 
t. 

Mi«rre.  MiwH^,  see  Sic.  Cenevic»^. 

Mission  of  the  Holy  Family,  demolition 
of,  bjr  troops,  563;  papers  of.  53a; 
property  of.  j6i,  567;  saJc  of,  561, 
^6y.   sJkvCTof.  564,  565. 

Mississippi  (Masecipi,  Misebpîa.  Mis- 
sippi)  Ri>-CT.  accideni  to  J.  Mont- 
gomery on,  198;  address  lo  French 
on.  by  M.  dc  la  Balmc,  tfit  -189; 
Americatis  on,  ro;  cost  of  passage 
over,  35**;  danger  tjf  losing.  109; 
land:    grant  on,  487.  sale  on,  450, 

J 69,  473,  479,  480,  483,  490;  ovet- 
owof,  411;  pirates  on,  373;  trade 
on.  xvii.  7,  la.  13,  14.  2*.  3«.  34.  i5- 
187.  »97.  3*8-  37J.  3U-  3'!9-  3*0, 
380,  n.  I.  457:  troubkson,  ig6,  aqj. 

Missouri  llistoriral  Society,  /Vnc  Mad- 
rid Arrhivti  of.  referred  to.  445,  n.  3. 

Mohi^gan  Indians,  treaty  with,  at  Pitts- 
burg. I.  n.  >. 

MolvcMl,  note  in  favor  of.  198, 

Monbrennt,  see  l>e  Monbreun. 

Monbreun,  Monbrun,  see  De  Mon- 
breun. 

MongoIËer,  see  Monigolâcr. 

Monroe,  Jame»,  petition  of  Frencb. 
referred  to,  3R3;  report  of.  on  gov- 
ernment of  Illinois,  371,  373,  39'- 

Monongahela  River,  Indian  land  grants 
on,  3.  n.  3. 

Monforlon,  attitude  of,  lo^-arrfs  Revolu- 
tion, 1Î3,  54,  55,  56,  57,  58;  intertai 
of ,  h  P.  de  Kocheblavc,  53i  letter  of, 
to  G.  Cerrt',  sj. 
MonlgoUier,  V'lcar  General,  grand 
vicar  of  Quebec,  573;  letter  of,  to 
Bishop    Briand,    xxxlx  ;     mcnliuned, 

556- 
Monlgomery  (Klongommeiy,  Mont- 
gomerle),  Colonel  John,  accusations 
a«tnsi,  134,  U».  37.1.  333>  335.  33^, 
34i.3')S-424.n.S,4i5'455-456:  advice 
of,  Id  K.  W'innloii.  ^36;  approvei  of 
M.dc]aBaliae,  337i  at:  Fori  Clark, 


INDEX 


«8 


fa^,  Richmond,  197:  career  of,  in 
Ihnoùi,  75,  n.  1.;  Henuuid  for  sup- 
plies by,  on:  French,  iij,  114,  115, 
>39<  n.  I,  4^5,  R.  Winston,  150,  151, 
O.  j;  itcparture  of,  195,  197,  306, 
35^  3jt8;<1i»poscitof  pellr>-fuD«l,  151: 
cspCf'w*  'o  bring  rc-cnforcfment», 
10Ç;  expeclttion  nf,  «K^itiiit  Peoria 
19S;  fails  Co:  «id  M.  tie  la  Balme,  tç}6, 
obtain  .lupplJM,  iiA,  137;  forlilrts 
exporlxtion  (rum  Illinuiit,  137;  guea 
to  Georgia,  313,  314;    govcmment 

by,.  a3J.  333.  33S.  33Û:  P»n»  ««  0* 
jinMin  lo  Court,  i!;i;  instructions  of, 
to  T.  Rogcre,  xjy.  Issues  certificate 
to  T.  dc  Munlieuti,  31a,  333,  335, 
396;  Jeavts  J.  Kugen  in  command, 
323,338;  letter  of,  to:  G.  R,  Cl»rk, 
135,  138,  133,  149,  G.  WrbS,  197. 
R.  WinsUMi,  150;  letter  to,  from  G. 
R.  Cl«rk,  136;  obtains  llnur.  113; 
patriotism  oi,  içS;  prurlamation  à, 
to:  IndEaa»,  156,  Kaskaskia.  113, 
Ii4>  11$:  promises  to  pay  peltries 
for  supplies,  118;  refuses  lo  rtrog- 
nize  civil  authority,  335;  relietes 
Fort  Jefferson,  333;  remon-Mrancr 
lo,  from  Court  at  KaskaKkin.  140; 
repuuiton  of,  335;  sells  howe  to 
T.  Br&shera,  353;  sickness  of,  at  Fort 
Chiawcll,  75;  succeeds  G,  R.  Clark, 
»J3.  333.  335-  3.l6;  summoned  by 
investigating  corn  mission,  313,  314: 
supplies  furniihcil  to,  113,  198,  333, 
934;  trade  of,  3J4,  953;  tribulations 
™<  I49>  >50i  mcnlione<i,63, 

Monci^y  (Montifinie),  Francois  St. 
Mane,  law-suit  of,  uith  M.  Bouvet, 
403,  404. 

Montour,  John,  carries  letter,  105. 

Muntureuil  [Moniuvreuille,  Montreuil 
?],  Jean  Baptiste,  Sr.,  resident  o( 
Kaskaskia,  418;  stKus  as  witne», 
38S:  testimony  of,  on  death  of  J. 
r,  T.  Carbon,  386,  38;,  388. 

Montureuil,  Jean  Baptiste,  Jr.,  reii* 
dent  of  Kaskaskia,  418. 

Moore,  Enoch,  resident  of  Illinois,  na. 

Moore,  Captain  James,  biog.  notice  of, 
43ii  n.  10;  leader  at  Belief  on  ta  inc. 
396;  resident  of  Illinois,  431;  M'Oins 
commissary,  348;  aigna:  contnu-t 
with  B.  Tardiveau,  444.  memorial  lo 
Congrt*s,  3fi8,  petition  10  Court  at 
Kaskaskia,  39^. 

Moore,  James,  Jr.,  resident  of  IlUnoIs, 
4»». 


Mooiï,  John,  Rsidcnl  of  Illinois,  433; 
.tigns  timlrart  with  B.  Tartltvcau, 
444- 

Mooie,  Milton,  nsiilent  of  IlHnoii,  433. 

Moore,  William,  residem  of  Illinois.  431, 

Morancy  (Morenfi^),  Juctjues  Baucbé 
dit,  resident  of  Ka-ikA^kta,  417,  417, 
n.  30;  sixns;  contract  with  R-  M'Catty 
and  P.  I*n:vost,  344,  peiiiion  to  gov- 
ernor of  Virginia,  339. 

More.  S.,  spy  of  G.  R-  CUrk  at  Kaskas- 
kia, xxiii,  8,  8,  n.  3, 

Mores,  Jacob,  signs  conlrart  with  B. 
Tardiveau,  444. 

Morgan,  George,  bîog,  notiw  of,  3,  a.  1  ; 
action  of  Congress  on  wtition  ùî,  470^ 
471.  479.  490i49t;  advises  Fnnc It  to 
emigrate,  503,  507,  508;  agent  for 
New  Jcr«y  Land  Coin[>any,  469, 
483,484;  at  Princeton,  309;  espeded 
in  Illinois,  45;  explains  western 
policy  lo  J.  Doidgc.  109,  110;  Indian 
>g<mt>  3>  3.  n.  1;  P.  Kennedy  agent 
for,  43;  land  purchases  by,  471,  483, 
485.  487,  489,  491,  494;  Leller  Soaki 
of,  refcrrcd  to,  3,  n.  i,  4,  n.  3,  7,  n,  1, 
i8,  n.  3;  tdieroi,  to:  J.  Dodge,  309, 
R.  Winston,  i;  letter  to,  from  J. 
Dodge,  309;  petition  of,  to  Congress, 
469. 483.  489.  4PO.  49  r  :  proposals  of, 
lo  B.  Tardivrati,  494;  quarrel  of, 
wiih  J.  Rumscy,  90,  n.  i;  reception 
of,  at  New  Ortenna,  515;  rclaiiona 
of,  with  T.  Paine,  310,  n.  1;  sci.rel«ry 
and  receiver  general  of  land  of&ce,  9; 
secretary  for  Indiana  Company,  its, 
n.  I  ;  R.  Winston  agent  for,  43:  men- 
tioned, 7. 

Morgan,  Evan,  father  of  George  Mor- 
gan, 3,  n.  I. 

Morgan  (Morgin),  Thomas,  resident  of 
Illinois,  433;  signs  contract  with  B, 
Tardiveau,  444. 

Morin,  Alexis,  resident  of  Kaskaskia. 
416. 

Morin,  Antoine,  Sr.,  buv-s  land  from  P. 
Picard,  354;  candidate  for  office,  360: 
casts  vote  in  dection,  369,  371,  301; 
clertion  of,  369,  370,  303,  306,  n.  i; 
law-suit  of,  with:  Mme.  Alary.  354. 
3SS,  heirs  of  Ixîbrun,  385;  letter  of, 
to  T.  de  Monbreun,  385;  magistrate, 
277.  3oa-  3'>6.t).  " ,  3»3. 3to.  4i6,  n.  37; 
marries  TTieresc  I^chapcHc,  4r6,  n. 
37;  O.  Morgan  enquires  for,  3io; 
oath  of.  370;  resident  of  Kukmskio, 
416;  signs:  as  witness,  388,  contract 


ILLINOIS  HETORICVL  COLLECTIONS 


i 


w»  R  StCa^  toi  P.  P^wa-J^tî, 

M-i--~.    ;*.-;»».  =*rr»M  T^erk  Xar- 

>L-«-n.  .loHDà,.  ;tâ»at  of  g«^««i» 

*rî. 
M..W.  L.'vàs.  ^aarrx»  M«àr«àv  B«r- 

Tvw.  «:  Jk.  3.  5  : .   Tcnàtu  cj  Ft^tt 

M.T-.T.  Mi.^r.  Tcsumc  of  KitMàà. 

Vlii.  i.  v^i— «'.  ?rtS-.-5v>p»   >■<.    14:   Me 

XMvft-B  Vi-»»    :■..  «    j 
\l,x»>rt^.    Mïji«.-î.    wt    IV    Moi»- 

\l--.«w  t^t^'ij.-w.  t?«r>  «i^.  a:  Pit»- 
N**X.  \.  ■^  t- 

*■*,  fc  s.  t.    t^iLX^  y  v^A-S-c.ïseaax. 

V.  ,{*;   ikv^B'Aix'tt^  v-*,  *«t*-*»t  F.  tSf 

h."  «.-;:  lioUkT  t\'  t:i.:iia».  îi.  .■;  ;t  i: 
Avîs  \.^,  K.  «."U:*.  4-  ^-  J.  *.>i*vi  V 
fwiwriiSf  T,  Bciîiîtfy.  s'-  li-  ocrtiô- 
citiT  0*,  v>Jnv*ri»i.i(![  T.  B^kiVv,  *»; 
totïJvnuMrJ  to  pay  Jtrbis,  tîij;  ■.■or- 
respondent*  of.  with  Amerk»n»,  j^i 
Court  of  Enqutrv  askrd  lo  examiiK. 
33;  creditor  of  j.  Dodge,  438,  iiq; 
death  of,  359,  n.  i.  4>8i  4>9:  buid: 
Rrant  to,  351,  owned  by,  3$o;  law- 
suit of,  with  Wikofl  and  Clark,  359; 
Irtirr  of,  to  T.  Urnllry,  ft;  letter  to, 
frtim  T,  Hentlpy,  d.  H;  memorial  of, 
III  Virginia  I^Khlnlure,  x*;  \>rtUUtn 
fif.  lo  (>.  CHrlrlim,  4;  iiroinlae*  (or- 
Iiinr  to  F.  iJnilliirt,  a,\.  *M.  ,h;  rc- 
(rivM  money  fn>m  J.  lliii  khanan, 
136;  xelltilifiunrlii  liKllnni.  11:  vUlti 
Vinrcnnr*.  A;  wlliirn*  for  T.  Bent- 
ley,  3in,  laft. 

Murray,  l-xiwanl,  Irller  of.  lo ,  136. 

Murray,  William,  likiR.  nollrr  of,  7,  n. 
I  ;   Bffcnt  of  Franki  ami  Co.,  4,  n.  9; 


Ixm  bad  of  TtMTim^  91,  99; 
iknt  of  IQÎDOB,  423;  sends  leOi 
G.  GBmoo.  el 
MvBck.  WBIiuii.  not  ta  censss,  4^ 

I- 
MiiT3r.  Joaepfa.  sip»  pcdtioo  to 
I       «mr  a  \'tt^BÎa.  240. 
i  MTcn.  wtamatmu  for  G.  R.  Clark 


'  SagoL  head  of  aemtaair  at  Baltû 

,  Nailler.  amuiocked,  7. 
'  NaicÎKX.  em%tatian  of  French  bi, 
1      nade  of.  with  IQinois,  35,  133. 
Nc^Toes.  capcmed  by  Americans, 
pvn:ha9e  of.  7,  377;   see  Slates 
Ne-reu.  Jaccpm.  mentioaed,  18,  n. 
Neren,    Thetwe,    wife   <â    Jean 

Gbardeao.  iS.  a.  1. 
SewboW.  Clcayiofi,  memorial    o 

Coopess.  4ÔÔ. 
XewSM.    Joseph,    memorial    of 

CoQpTSS.  4^ 

XewtioU.  nuiiam,  memorial  d 
Cocçiess,  40t^. 

New  Bourbon,  settlement  »rf,  50, 
4t4.  s.  5. 

New  JersfT  Land  Society,  inembea 
4X^:     O.   Morgan,   agent  for, 
471.  4^.:-  4^:   ornnixatioa  of, 
pctitkw  Congress  for  land,  469, 
p^uvhasc  of  land  by,  483,  484;  si 

of.  4>0- 

N>w  IVsign.  J.  Lemen,  settles  at, 

S><  Ma^irkJ.  drath  of  B.  Taidivea 
445.  R.i:  failuieof,  515;  found 
..X.  _i,  tt.   I, 

New  v"*T»ran*>  Americana  purt 
sii'.-flie*  4:.  Tviii.  12.  13,  n.  4,  14 
a^-i-vAl*  to  cvMirt  at.  j;S4,  384,  1 
debis  v.if  Virginia  in.  146:  P.  F 
la  Valinftre  al.  50;;  instructions 
governor  at.  î;-—  Kings'  irea 
at,  410:  letter  to  go\-emor  of, 
T,  de  Monbreun,  574;  J.  Lin 
purchases  goods  at.  10^:  G.  Mc 
»l_,  S'S:  smallpox  in."  S;  trad* 
withr  Illinois,  xviii,  7.  la,  u, 
'.1.  14.  3S>  76,  133.  i6o.  191;. 
ay;.  .VÎ4.  334,  n.  i.  348.  370,  ^So. 
n-i.4S.S-  457.  463,  Philadelphi 
St,  I.ouiM87.  *^ 

Non  val,  ice  Lon^al. 

North  Carolina,  conquest  of,  by  Br 
175. 

Northwest    Territory,    cession    of, 


i- 


TKDEX 


«7 


Vlrpnî».  139,  361,  4ia,  4*6,  457. 
4(^51  473,  510;  Congros  forbids 
Kllirmmt  of.  446,  465;  critical 
fjtiution  o!,  $0$:  carlr  policy  con- 
cerning, aio,  »ro.  n.  i;  ecdcsiMticftl 
juridiction  owr,  587,  588,  gq;  ; 
crccUim  of:  into  states,  470.  fond 
office  in,  474.  480;  government  of, 
466,  470,  488,  51J,  513;  interest  in, 
of  Bi»hop  J.  Carroll,  xxxv,  596,  jq?, 
598.  509,  600  601,  603;  orgoniia- 
tion  of  Catholic  church  [n,  xxxlii- 
xxxvii,  xlti-xlix;  power  of  governor 
of,  477,  483;  purchase  of  lands  in, 
469,  470.  471;  iTport  of  Ccngirs- 
siooal  coRunittecon,  485;  settlement 
of,  446,  465,  469,  470:    slavery  in, 

9>.  93.  137.  34'.  310.  377.  SH' 
396,  4S9,  431.  433,  44ij,  n.  I,  488, 
493>  5<^-  Si^:  ^-  St'  Cl^r,  departs 
MTi  466,  41^7;    *rr-  Illinois. 

Kourv  Public,  appuintment:  bji  of 
cIcTlt,  «56,  of,  by  R.  Winaton,  356, 
n.  [  ;  F.  CarlMRRcatu  mUs  office  of, 
J06:  commt«ion  of,  954.  35^,  357, 
165;  danger  from,  361;  election  of, 
'S7r  3^S;  f«*  0*.  887;  P.  Lan^Unit 
appo«ea  increase  of  number  of,  358, 
361  ;  oath  of,  361  ;  ofTirc  of,  356,  356, 
n.  I,  as?;  ordinance  of  Court  on,  365  ; 
plarard  of  R.  Winston  on,  360;  pow- 
er» of,  161,  î6_j,  384, 

Notes  of  Exchange,  tee  Letters  of  Ex- 
change. 

Novile.sceL^NoHle. 

Oath,  of:  allegiance,  lO  Vfrglnta.  333, 
339,  deck  of  court,  108,  commi*- 
sionen,  373,  401.  Ëddity  to  United 
States,  395,  413,  inhahhants  of  Vln- 
cennes,  xxx,  mii^i»trate«,  107,  3(j3, 
303,  305,  30Û,  30S.  431.  n.  4>  stranger, 
385,  »urve)-Or,  475,  wiriow*  to  in- 
rentvries,  35c,  n.  i.  416,  n.  31. 

Ogle,  Benjamin,  resident  of  illinoiK, 
433;  signa  contract  with  B.  Tardi- 
wau,  445. 

Ogle,  Jacob,  mident  of  Iltlinots,  495. 

Ogle,  Jôsq)h,  Sr.  resident  of  Illinoi», 
493;  signs  contract  with  B.Tardiveau, 
444. 

Ogle,  Joseph.  Jr., resîdcntofniinois,4;ï. 

Oglesbay  (OglelJem),  WHIiam.  rési- 
dent of  Illinois,  432;  signs  commet 
with  B.  TartJiveau.  444. 

O'Har*.  Charles,  ^u  contract  wilh 
B,  Tardiveau,  444. 


Ohio  Company,  contract  of,  with  Con- 
gress, 450,  450.  n-  3. 
Ohio    (Ohiho,    Ouyah,    Oj-o)      River, 

Americans  on.  xix.  9,  34.  34.  35.  3<S. 

109:    T,  Bentley  on.  triv,  173;    G. 

K.  Clark  on,   133,    133,   145;    estab- 
lishment of  Fort  JcScrson  on.   143. 

144:    Indian  land  grants  on,  3,  n.  a; 

land  sale»  on,  7,  449;    W.  Linn  on, 

xvtii,  xlx;  occupation  of,  no;  tndm 

on,  t3,  13.  33,  36. 
Oil,  trade  in,  545. 
Oilel,  Oillet,  see  Votlle*. 
Opee,  «ec  Peoria. 
Orange  juice,  traHe  in,  36. 
Ordinance  of  17S7,  effect  of,  on  ilavery 

among  French, 48S.  493,  «03,  508. 509. 
Orphelin,  Charles  CheralTier,  resident 

ot  Prairie  du  Rocher,  430. 
Orphelin,    Jacques   Bnuliliet,   resident 

of  Prairie  du  RcyKer,  419. 
Orohetin,  Louis  Meierrer,  rttsident  of 

Prairie  du  Rocher,  430. 
Orr.    Jamus.   signs   contract   wilh    B. 

Tardiveau,  444. 
Olis,  memorial  ta  R.  Flint,  referred  to, 

489;    report  of,  on  memoriat  of  G. 

Morgan,  49a. 
Oiler,  trade  in,  5,  15,  3i. 
Ouabenaki  Indians,  origin  of  name  of, 

35.  n.  i;   trade  with.  «. 
Oulatanon  (Wea,  Wecyajindians, allies 

of  French,  186, 187;  hostility  of.  504; 

Ireaiy  of,  with  J.  Hamtmmck,  508, 

509- 
Owen.  Robert,  signa  contraa  with  B. 

Tardiveau,  444. 
Oyo  River,  see  Ohio  River. 

Page,  signs  memorial  to  Virginia  coni- 
mis&ioneis,  344;  summoned  toCourt, 
311- 
Page,  Etienne,  hostility  of,  to  R.  Win- 
ston. .144,  II.  i;  resident  of  Ka&kos- 
kla,  417,  4i7>  n.  34;  signs  memorial 
to  Virginia  commissioners,  344. 

Page,  Joseph,  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 
418;  signs  contract  with  R.  M'Carly 
and  P.  Prévost,  244;  witnesses  sale 
of  notarial,  308. 

Paine,  Thomas,  policy  of,  in  regard  to 
Northwest,  110,  n.  1  ;  PMU  Good  by, 
referred  to,  310,  n.  i. 

Paissa,  mentioned,  91. 

Paocore,  Paneour,  see  St.  Louis. 

Panet,  notary  at  Quebec,  561. 

Paper,  scarcity  of,  t,  345. 


«6B 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Paper  tiKnuy.sMCoiUiiuntAl  Cunmry. 

Pa^î  o]  the  Ctmtiiienial  Confias, 
rvfemtl  to,  xxx,  n.  a. 

P»rr.  s«  De  la  Part. 

Patvnl,  Ijuj-s  ne^ro,  .îj?. 

Parker,  Joseph,  tiearerof:  letter  from 
Congress,  4  34 ,  450,  petition  of 
French  to  Corygrcaa.  581,  ,]9i,  n.  i, 
410,  410,  n-  I,  4to.  n.  3;  land  KraiU 
to,  471,  473,  4S3:  letter  of.  to  -\.  St. 
Clair,  410;  mentorial  of,  to  Con^rcM, 
489;  petllionft  ConftreM  for  land, 
449>  450.  450.  n.  I,  451. 

Parkouui,  Francb,  Con^pitacy  0}  PoH' 
tiac  by.  referred  to,  |g,  n-  a. 

Parliammlary  Hùiary,  referred  to, 
,t5î.  n.  1. 

Passport,  demanded  by  P.  Crtuai,  397; 
fee  cbaq^ed  for,  16;  bauerl  by  P.  de 
Rochcblavc,  41;  rctiucslcd  by  G. 
Cpit^,  49;  required  of  immifitanta, 
286. 

Pnloka,  chief  cf  Cahokia  Indians,  JQ. 

Payct,  Father  Louis,  bit^,  Dolice  of, 
535,  n.  i;  IciicT  to,  from  P.  dc  St. 
Pierre,  53»;  nuuion  of,  to  Illinois. 
XXXV. 

Pelletier  (Pelethic,  PcltbJer.  Pcltic, 
Peltier)  dil  Ant  ays.  Antoine,  5r.. 
hostility  of,  to  R.  Winston,  344,  344. 
n.  1;  resident  of  Kaskaslda,  416: 
BÎ^ns:  contract  with  R.  M'Carty  and 
P.  PtT^xwt,  Ï44,  contract  with  B. 
Tardivcau,  441,  memoriBl  to  Vir- 
ginia comnniHionm,  344,  pctiti-on 
to  Court  at  Kaskiukia,  oSq,  petition 
to  governor  of  Virginia.  330;  testi- 
mony oS,  in  Court  of  Encjuiry,  js; 
^vtes.  301. 

Pelletier,  Antoine,  Jr.,  rcaidcnl  of  Kax- 
kaskia,  4>7l  aiens:  caniract  wilh 
R.  M'Cartr  mnil  P.  Prevont,  944. 
rontnct  with  B.  Tardi^-cau.  443. 
petition  to  Court  at  Kaakankia.  a^q, 
petition  to  governor  of  Virginùi,  a.nj. 

Pelletier,  Josephte,  inArrie:s  Noel  Joseph 
Doza,  417.  n.  33. 

Pcilclief,  I«u[s, candidate foToRKce.s;!. 

Pelletier.  Michel,  ra-Mi  vote  In  election. 
969:  resident  of  Katkukla,  41b; 
outrage*  commiticd  by,  515,  515, 
n.  3;  signs:  as  arbiter.  501.  affrce- 
mcnt,  .}00.  contrairt  with  K.  M'Carty 
and  P.  Prrvo»!,  344,  petition  to  gov- 
ernor of  Viryinia.  339. 

Pelletier,  Tontrhe,  casts  vole  in  elec- 
tion, 171. 


Peltries,  fumisbed  to  troops  by  Fn 
487;    trade  in,   130,   131,   149, 

ai5.  .«3.  34S.  379.  448.  45S.  1 
used  as  currrary,  103.  137,  laS, 

"io.    M«,    M9.    »S9.    «93.    '94. 
Î45.  379.  455-  SÏ9- 

PeJtry  lun<i,  action  ct  J,  \tontgoti 
in  regard  to,    t^i,    196;     miaiiac 
by  J.  Tod«l,  and  R,  Winston, 
150:    purchased  by   J.  Todd, 
'i^  'i'l  '33;  taken  from  R.  \ 
«ton,  iQC. 

Pcmplln,  John,  signs  contract  wltl 
Taidiveau,  445. 

Pentecost,  Colonel  Doraey,  bios,  m 
of,  363,  n.  I  ;  instructiona  en,  to 
Hanod,  xix:  prescnis  mcmonai 
Congre**,  36a. 

Peoria  (Opec),  expedition  against. 

Pcrinault,  student  at  Ilailinwre,  60 

Perle,  we  La  Pcrlc. 

Perrault  (Pcr«ull.  Petoc'),  JoMpb  F 
ÇOLS.  note  in  favor  of.  197;  pr< 
of,  against  tetter»  of  exchange,  98, 
100,  101. 

Perrault,  Captain  Michel,  occuset 
dtiihnnesty,  379;  d^tor  I0: 
Bentley,  xsi,  j.  Dodge,  37Û;  mi 
trate,  79,  378;  sells  supplies  ti 
Montgomery.  149;  mintmoned 
wititesi,  37^;  testimony  of,  vs. 
Winston,  374,  '7Î-  378,  376  n.  i, 
wttfMSM  of  cnnlmct,  343. 

Perricn  [PcTricr  ?].  Jacques,  rcsîi 
of  Ptairic  du  Kocncr.  419;  a 
contract  wilh   B.  Turdivrau,  44 

Pcrricr    fPcrrien   ?!.   Jacques,  reai 
Prairie  du  Rorhrr,  419;   signs 
tract  wilh  B.  Taidi^-eau,  443. 

PcTthius.  clerk  of  Court  of  Enoi 
sA;  «igns  testimony  in  Court  of 
Huiry,  36,  aj,  39,  30,  31,  33,  33, 
3fi.  .î8,  39.  40. 

Peters,  John,  resident  of  Illinois, . 
UKns   contract    with   B.   Tàrdiv 

445- 

Peterson.  Gabriel,  signs  memork 
Congrcu,  368. 

Petition,  to  M.  Bouvet  from: 
Baugy.  391.  J.  DupuU.  393:  It 
Carlcion  from:  T.  Bentley, 
D.  Murray,  4.  10;  to  O.  R.  C 
from  Kaskaskians.  65,  Lionnais, 
to  A.  Comte  from  Mme.  Alary, 
to  conunissioDers  of  Virginia  I 
Kaskasktans,  399,  340:  to  Con{ 
from:    F.  Carbonncaux,  6,  n.  3, 


INDEX 


669 


M.BeoUcy,43t.  R-  Flint.  489,  Frencb 
in  lllinoi».  7,  n.,  360,  369,  370,  381, 
391.  413,  4'9.4»o.  431,0. 1,437.438. 
43a,  0.  I.  439>  483,  49i>  G-  Mofgu, 
469.  4*3;  489.  490.  49'.  J-  PMker, 
480,  B.  T»tdireau,  431.  n.  1, 437. 438, 
438,  n.  i,439-  445,447.  451.454,461, 
4^.  475>  4^5,  491  ;  to  Court  of  Kas- 
kaskiâ,  tiom:  t.  Uvnticy,  sic,  334, 
L.  Boisdor^  95,  G.  Ccrré.  311.  A. 
Choulr^u,  300,  A.  Cottinault,  Mt, 
J.  l>atchurul,  3ri,  M.  P«n|ue«on, 
273,  inhabitJuiM  o(  ficllcfonlnine, 
jfjM,  KaflkaAkians,  384,  I.  Labuxicre, 
354,  374.  P-  L&Dglois.  356,  R. 
M'Cnrty,  ïi6,  l'nno,  376,  H.  Smith, 
351;  to  De  1a  lUIine  from  KiuIcil»- 
kian»,  iS«;  to  J.  Huntramck  frum 
KaskaslcUns,  $09;  to  T.  Torid,  froTD 
ma^Klralc*,  88;  to  Virsinia  from: 
T.  Bentley,  xjt,  KaskjMÎans,  33s, 
33g.  34a  434.  438.  T.  de  Mon- 
brcun.  355,  357,  D.  Murray,  xx;  lo 
R.  Winston,  from  P.  LanKloIi.  308, 
n.  1,  maj;isirate<i,  ibS,  sec  lawsuit, 
mrmoiial. 

Peysona,  cominnnJttnt  at  Stc.  Gene- 
vieve, 507. 

Peysler,  «re  De  Pey«trr. 

Philaddpfaia,  trade  of.  with  Illinoù,  3. 

PiankitshAw  (Peankeihaw,  l'ianaaihaw, 
Pianiiuktia)  Indian»,  aircomjianirH 
by  J.  M.  P,  L«  Grass,  314;  laiwl 
cessions  by,  463,  4$3,  n.  i;  ho<t- 
lility  of,  513,  5iSj  0.  .i.Sii;  weak- 
ness of,  504. 

Piastre,  value  of,  lo^,  n.  1. 

Picard  (Picinnl),  Pirrre,  anlajponisni 
of,  to  R.  Winston,  344>  344.  n.  t; 
candiciale  for  odïre,  36g;  caMs  vnle 
in  election,  36q;  election  of,  36v, 
170;  lanil  gmnt  10,  35*:  maglsiraie, 
309;  oath  of,  Ï70;  n-.tidcnt  of  Ka»- 
kaskia,  174:  s«'l*  land  to  A.  Murin, 
354;  sign«:  commet  with  R.  M'Carty 
and  P.  Prévost,  J43,  memorial  to 
Virginia  conimi&sJoiien,  .;44,  peti- 
tion to  governor  of  Virginia,  140; 
lestimony  of .  in  Courl  of  Eimuiry,  .îi; 
upheld  in  land  title,  3551  »cc  Etc 
Girardoi  (  ?). 

Pierre,  icsliiiiony  of,  in  Couit  of  En- 
quiry. 36, 

Piggoii,  Taroes.  Sr.,  biog.  notice  of, 
rrfcrred  to,  41J,  n.  $;  resident  of 
Illinois,  431;  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardivcau,  444. 


Piggott,  James,  Jr.,  leddent  of  IlHoois, 

411-  .  ,      . 

Piggott,  joKuh,  residenl  of  Illinois,  431. 
Piggott.  Levi,  resident  u(  Jllinob,  431. 
nggou,   William,   rciidcnt   of   Illinois, 

43t. 

Pitar,  mndidate  for  office,  301. 

Pilier  [Pilleste?].  vote*  in  ele<rttoa,  tot. 

PillcMe  (Pillcl,    Pilier?],    I^niia,    »gns 

contract    with    B.    Tardivcau.    443; 

vote»  in  eletiinn,  W,  3or. 
Pilleate,  Marie  B.xcbc,  marries  Miche! 

Danis,  4r4,  n.  6. 
PillM,  see  Pilleatc. 
Pinckney,  («etition  of  French  referred 

10.  383;  report  of,  on  go\'emmcnt  of 

Illinois*.  370,  3^1. 
PinianI,   John,  translates:  answen  of 

G.  Cerr^.  385.  letter,  532. 
Pirates,  on  Mississippi  River.  373,  374. 
Pfttman.   Philip,   PresnU  Stale  o/  the 

Eitrùfean  Sàiiemenlt  on  the  ttistis- 

iippt  by,  rcfi-rtc<l  lu,  41)3,  n.  i. 
PEtuburR,  Imliitn  tiejity  al,  1,  i,  a.  3; 

trade  of,  wilh  Illinitif,  3,  3. 
P>tt«burK  Carnegie  Library,   G.  Mor- 
gan's Lefter  Books  in.  3,  n.  i. 
Placard,  of:  Court  concerning  aale  of 

6fofj«rty,3(/;j,f.  Dodge  concerning  M. 
enlk-y  347,  R.  Winston,  concerning 
nnianat,  afto;  see  Pmclamation. 

Plai-ix,  PLiuii,  Plasy,  sec  Duplaxy. 

Pugue.  William  Lindsay,  possessor  of 
letter  of  W.  Beckley,  3.18. 

Puint   PIeA«ant.   battle  at,    109,   n.   1. 

Polette,  candidate  for  ofhre,  301. 

Pollock  (Polick)  Oliver,  açent  of  Vir- 
ginia In  New  Orleans,  xviii,  146,  ig?, 
n.  t.  314.  33t.  334.  33&:  financial 
difTicuLtic^i  of  14a;  letters  oi  exchange 
on,99,  ig?,  197.  n.i. 

Pouccau,  sec  Du  Ponceau. 

Pondiar  (Pontiai'),  gue«  lo  Detroit,  44. 

Pontbriaiid,  Bishop,  onlinatiou  of  P.  U. 
dc  la  Vallndte  by,  xzn-ili. 

Ponliac,  Conspiracy  of,  105,  n.  i. 

Poor.  Qqcs  for  support  of,  117. 

Poor,  .\aron,  signs  petition  to  Court  at 
Kaskaskia.  7^5. 

Population,  increaw  of,  369;  c^:  Kas- 
ka.<tkia,  414,  Illinois,  369,  383,  1A5, 
Prairie  du  Rochcr,  419.  449,  Vin- 
cetmes,  369. 

Populus,  Louis,  Sleur  de  St.  Photcs 
marries  Marie  Joachine,  416,  n.  31. 

Pork,  furnished  lo  Indians,  338;  trade 
in,  i[8,  132. 


670 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Poner,   John,  signs  coDtracI  with   D. 

Tardlraiu,  444. 
Port  neuf,  stc  Dc  Pûrliwiiï. 
Post  Vincwines,  see  Vinccnnes. 
PoUtocs.  trade  in.  1 1 3. 
Polhicr  (PoiieO.   Faliier  Pime,  biog. 

notice  of,  lai,  n.  ■;  Irttcr  to,  (rom  J. 

Dodge,  IM. 
Poltowaltomie  (Prtow«lomif)  lodians, 

hosiiliîy  of,  joj;  procUmatJon  to,  ol 

Si.  Crrnuin,  157. 
Poupart.  Joseph,  nurrirs  Marie  Louise 

Chenirr,  417,  n.  19, 
Powder,  nc«lrd  by  anny,  159;  supplied 

to  M.  dc  U  Balrae,  193.  194;  IroUe 

in.  3.  4.  «9.  31.  3».  33.  34.  36.  '59- 
164. 

Prairie  de  Vache,  tee  Pniiric  du  Rocher. 

Pntirie  du  Rocher  (de  Vache),  J.  B. 
Barbau  commandaDl  ftt,  t8,  331,  333. 
R.  i;  census  of,  419:  commoiu  in. 
463;  roniract  of  inhibit&ntx  cf.  with 
B.  Tardivemu,  440:  P-  H.  de  U 
Vâliniire.  at,  577;  disorders  ïn,  447, 
«68;  election  at,  84,  8^,  aoi;  Firnch 

10,  44Q;  gnnt  of.  by  De  B^nsbriant. 
416,  n.  31  :  land  grant  to  inhabitants 
of,  481;  military  nilr  in,  ttg;  petition 
of  inhsbilants  of.  to  Congrea,  419. 
430.  447.  454,  463,  465,  4fi6,  471, 
47S.  477.  48t.  483.  48a,  n.  j;  popula- 
tion of,  449>   47q;  tannery  at,   71; 

11.  TanJivcau  agrnt  for,  440. 
Preno,  PietTT,  petition  of,  to  Court  at 

Kukaskta.  376:  signs:  ctmlnicl  with 
R.  M'Carly  anrl  P.  Prevwl,  243. 
jxtiltfin  to  Court  at  Kiukaxkui,  aKg, 
IKtiiion  to  governor  of  Viq{inla,  839: 
syndic.  376. 

Prevosl  (Prevot.  Provenu?,  Provôt?), 
Pierre,  contrail  of,  with  Rukaaklans, 
341;  mission  of,  to  Virginia,  341,  341, 
34S>  power  of  attonit^y  ({ranted  lu, 
a4i>  n.  I,  345:  »{gns  petition  10  Court 
at  Kaskukta,  139. 

PraUs  VerM,  of  death  of  J.  F.  T. 
Carton,  _i86.  387.  388,  389. 

Proclamation,  ni:  G.  Cerré  on  exports, 
loi,  C.  R.  Clurk  on  «Uvea,  64;  Court 
at  Kaskaskia  on  liquor  tnde,  117, 
Count  d'FAtaing  to  Canadians,  iii, 
French  Kirig  to  Indians,  i:ro,  T. 
Moniiiomerv  on  exporu,  1*7,  J. 
St.  Gertnafn  to  Indians,  icâ,  T. 
Todd  on  exports,  101,  n.  1,  N^rxinU 
comroissEoners  to  creditors,  317;  see 
Placard. 


Ptmlanuuioa    of    1 763,    land    grmals 

under,  3S4.  n.  3. 
Pnmissorr  note,  of  J.  Harrod  and  J. 

WilUanu,  59,  60. 
PttMe   (Prospa),   mentioned,  404,  405. 
Proter.  Colonel,  regiment  of,  at  Fort 

Pitt.  167. 
PitHest.  against:  arrest,  a74>  403.  elec-^ 

Ikm.    405.   letters  of  exclian^   98, 

«oldiers,  136,  140. 
Proveau    (Ptoirtle),    conductor    ot   T. 

BenUcy's  boat.  9c;  contribution  of, 

to  troops,  116;  resident  of  KaskAsUa, 

417. 
Provet,  candidate  for  office,  369. 
Provuionv,  iice  supplies. 
pMbHc  Good,  Virginia   lattd  clofms  c^ 

posed  En,  sio,  n.  t. 

Quebec,  diocese  of,  astiif,  xxxiv,  xsxv, 
[>■  4.  59S;  I-  Dodge  prisoner  at,  119, 
1 30,  133;  land  grant  by  Btshop  of, 
463:  ktterof  Bishop  of,  to:  1.  Cartoll, 
6ot,  Grarc,  xli:  letter  to  Bishop  of, 
from:  ].  Carroll,  561,  581,  n.  1, 
586,  503.  5W.  P-  H.  dc  la  Vallnifeir, 
xlv,  558,  P.  Gihault,  xiHx,  xxxi,  530, 
534.  583;  orrupird  by  British,  3. 
Quiqude.conlritiutiunof,  tolroops,titiw 
Quirk,  Captain,  purchases  bacon,  135. 

Racine  (Rasinc),  c<mtTÎbuiion  of,  to 
troops,  116:  signs  petition  to  Court 
at  kaskaskia,  139. 

Raper,  Daniel,  resident  of  Illïnob,  439. 

KiLUcI,  see  lie  Kochcblave. 

Read,  rcptjrt  of,  on  govrmmmt  of 
Illinois,  J7i,  373. 

Reatherford.  I^arkin,  resident  of  Itlinob, 
431,  431,  n.  8;  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardlveuu,  443- 

Reaumc  (Reaulme,  Roumc).  Paul,  Sr-, 
marricH  Marie  Ixniisc  Laaoudc,  418, 
n.  4;:  rrsldtnl  of   Kaskaskia,    418; 
sl^.i  petition  to:  Court  at  Ka^iaskia,  1 
139,  governor  of  Viif^inia,  340. 

Reaume,  Paul.  Jr.,  resident  of  Kas- 
kaskia, 418. 

Reanme,  Piene,  resident  of  Kaakas- 
kla.  418. 

Reckn«r,  Roonrod.  land  gmnt  to,  j^i. 

RkotJs  of  Ike  American  Catholic  Hit' 
tvritaiSedety  0/  PhSadttpkia,  referred 
to,  581,  n.  I.  ^ac^  n.  i. 

Reddick  (Redrick),  Robert,  resident  of 
Illinois,  433;  sigtu  contract  with  B.j 
TardfvcAU.  445- 


rRcdrick,  tec  Roddick. 
Reihl,  marries  Miss  Ctinp.  570. 
Kclhier,   Henry,   signs:   conlrsct   with 
R.    M"C«rty   ami    1'.    Prrvoul,    344, 
peliliOD  to  Coun  ai  Kjuksskia,  384, 
petition  to  governor  of  Virginia,  339. 
Renaud,  xcc  Kmraui. 
Reneaux  (Rcnuud,   Renoiu).  Antoine, 
coniribution  of,  to  troops,  116;  signs 
priition  to  Court  at  KatVsikia,  1J9, 
«89. 
Renous,  see  Reneaux. 
Retribution     Grant,     interest     in.     ot, 
fiuynton,  Wharton  and   Moigan,  3, 
n.  I  ;  managed  hy  C.  Morgan,  >,  n.  2. 
Revolution,  blocbi  tracle,  a;  cause  of, 
ia:  Canada.  53,  55.  56,  57,  64.  Illi- 
nois ^f.  1*.  >9.  47.  n-  I.  48.  S'-  8*», 
308,    Northern   Statu,    158;   success 
Ia,  of:  BKtiifa,  174,    t;s,  colontes, 
a,  45.  S».  54t  75-  i^H.  "S;  lympWhy 
III,  of  natter»,  3,  n.   i,  4,  ;,  n,   1. 
Reynolds.  John,  hLttorlcal  mislakes  of, 
431,  n.   1.  4ii,  11.  30.  43^,  n.  33; 
Fionter  History   of  lUinttts   by,  rc- 
fencd  to,  431,  a.  i,  431,  n.  a,  421,  n. 
8,  411,  n.  II,  4»3,  n.  13,  433,  b.  15. 
4»3.  n-  3o>  4»Ji  n-  s'l  4aj,  n.  »J, 
4»3i  n-  *5- 
'  Richard  (Ricbar),  B.,  signs  as  arbiter, 

501. 
Richard,   I!et)r>-.  candidate  for  office, 
jos;     nutx     vote     in     rJrclion,     301  ; 
death  ui,  504;  siitns  commission  of 
R.  Winston,  317,  317.  n.  i. 
Richard,    P.,    signs:    ax    arbiter,    501, 
as   witness,   30S,    commission,   317, 
memorial  to  Congress,  368,  petition 
to   Court  at   Kukaslda,    39a;   sup- 
porter of:  J.  Dodge,  368,  n.  1,  R. 
winïton,  317.  n,  i. 
Rivet   A    Marie,   land   grant  on,   v^' 

4«7- 
Robert,     Françoise,     mamen     Antoine 

Bienvenu,  416,  n.  34. 
Robin,   Charles,   Sr..   biog.  notice  of, 

415,   n.    15;   nsidenl  of   Kaskaskia, 

435- 
Robins,  William,  signs  contract  with 

B.  Tardivcau,  445. 
Robinson,    Andrew,    letter    of,    to    J. 

Dodge.  105. 
Rocbebtavc,  sec  De  Rocheblave. 
Rock  Rivet,  expeditioa  to,   198,   198, 

n.  9. 
Rogers,  Eenjanun,  signs  cootiacl  with 

S.  Tardivcau,  445. 


INDEX 


671 


I^ogers,  Colonel  John,  accusations 
against  936,  342, 173, 33S,  339,  434.  a. 
5,  435:  accuses  Ft«nch  of  treachery, 
338;  aided  by  J.  Dodge,  336;  arrival 
of,  at  SuUivaas  Station.  348;  de- 
mands: Justice  for  T.  Hcntley,  3ii, 
3^,  supplies  fur  truopn,  sob;  de- 
parture of:  for  Fort  Pitt,  no,  for 
St.  Louis,  toA,  from  Illinois,  338, 
348;  duties  of,  333;  friend  of  T. 
Bentley,  xxiv;  gives  oath  10  T.  Bent- 
ley,  33i;  government  by,  336,  343, 
338,  139;  miiuiries  of  Court  about, 
3c6:  Joins  G.  R.  Clark,  149;  letter 
of,  to  Ma^strates  of  Kaskaskia,  *o6, 
ait;  letter  to,  fruin  magistrales  of 
Kaskaskia,  307,  ats;  promises  ret- 
ribution to  French,  214;  relative  of 
G.  R.  Cbirk,  33S;  succeeds  j.  Mont- 
gonieiy,  197,  aob,  306.  n.  i,  331,  333. 
*3*.  3»3.  338:  supplies  refused  to, 
309;  threatens  dbiomcion  of  Cotut, 
311,  336;  witness  for  T.  Beotley, 
xxi,  133;  mentioned,  137. 

Rogers,  Phillips  David,  signs  contract 
with  B.  Tardivcau,  444. 

Routne,  see  Reaumc. 

Rousseau,  resident  of  Kaskaskia,  419. 

Roy,  Ma!ric  Anne,  marries:  Charles 
Robin,  415,  n.  15,  Joseph  St.  Pierre, 
415,  n.  16,  Antobie  Tn&umur,  415, 
n.  16. 

Rojwr,  Angélique,  marries  Jean  Bte. 
St.  Pierre,  415.  n,  16. 

Koyer,  Joseph,  resident  of  Kjiskaskia, 
417- 

Ruland,  laentioued,  151. 

Rue,  see  La.  Rue. 

Rum,  trade  in,  5,  31,  33,  34. 

Rumsey,  James.  Uog.  notice  of,  qo, 
n.  I  ;  house  of,  attacked  by  1  ndians  90. 

Rundelt,  Josiah,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tard! veau,  444- 

Runrleil,  Seth,  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tardiveau,  444. 

Ryan,  Josiah,  at  Eagle  River,  431,  n.  3: 
resident  of  Hlinois.  411;  signs  con- 
tract  with  B.  Tatdiveau,  444. 

Sabiônieres,  sec  La  Sabtonieres. 

Sac  (Sauk)  Indians,  hostility  of,  «i,  32, 

S16. 
St.  Ange,  messenger,  396;  see  St.  Ongc. 
St.  Anne  de  la  Pocaiitie,  P.  H.  de  la 

Valinifcre  at.  xixix. 
St.  Asaph,  Major  Knox  at,  36. 
St.  Campus,  J.,  notary,  j6. 


6ja 


ILUNOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


St.  Clftir.  Arthur,  antrid  of.  al  Kiis- 
k&tiû,  6,  a.  j.  507.  513,  514,  514.  n- 
i:  dcMrtuic  of,  for  the  NocthwcM, 
4M;  letUT  10.  frocn  J.  Farker,  410; 
rnjanuation  <J  gnvtrninent  bjr,  467; 
treaty  ct.  witU  Indians,  4^6. 

St.  Ouiki.  He  Sanduskr. 

St.  Gemme,  kc  Bauran,  jean  Bte.  St. 
Getnmc. 

Sie.  Ocnevirvr,  or  Misère,  Sauvais 
family  tctilni  al,  415.  n.  8;  com- 
munication of,  with  Kaskoskta.  3^9; 
V.  de  St.  Pierre  at.  S7i:  l-ord  K. 
FilzAenbl  at,  516;  P.  Gibault  at, 
xuiii;  ].  B.  Jaois  moves  to,  430,  n. 
64:  l.«rhanse  famllf  settles  at,  so> 
n.  1;  MoTO  commandant  at,  403; 
trade  of.  with  HUnoIs,  48,  loa,  411. 

St.  Germain  (TemuUn),  Jean  de,  mis- 
sion of,  to  Indians,  156,  i^A,  n.  i, 
i;8l  opposed  by  P.  de  Rotheblave. 

St.  Jean  Port  Jolj,  P.  H-  tie  la  Valinftre 
at,  xxilx. 

Si.  Jem.  St.  Jemme,  see  Baiirais,  Jean 
Bte.  Si.  Gcmtnc. 

St.  Jowph,  Louis  Clievaller  M,  45,  46; 
mentioned,  133. 

St.  Louia  (PainrouT,  Pancou),  attack 
of  BHti»ti  feared  at,  376:  Braxeaot 
family  removes  to,  19.  n.  t;  com- 
inuniiation  of,  with  Cahokia,  35S; 
F.  Cruzat  commandom  at.  997,  >q7, 
n.  I.  399;  M.  de  la  Balme  al,  1S9; 
B.  de  Limnocb  al,  51a,  530^  n.  y. 
Lord  E.  Fit^eraJd  «t,  $10;  J.  te- 
Dm  at,  591,  n.  1;  R.  M'Carty  ai, 
is6;  notice  of  L-ommi&uuneni  in,  .iiy; 
putvhase  of  applies  at.  106,  149; 
«ubicri  to  New  Orleans.  509;  trade 
of.  with:  Illinoii,  i^o,  411.  MJthil- 
limackinac,  509,  New  Orleans,  18;; 
troops  at,  517. 

Si.  Lokii  RepMican,  referred  to,  494, 
n.  I. 

Si.  Onge  (Ange).  Jean  Baptiste,  hone 
given  to,  j9Ô;  signs  memorial  to 
Congres».  367. 

Si.  Philippe  (Philipe),  disorders  in.  447: 
cletlion  at,  84;  land  forant  to  in- 
baUunts  of,  4S1:  peuiion  of  in- 
habitants of,  to  Congms.  44;,  454, 
463,  465,  4W.  «I.  475.  477.  4»'. 
489.  483,  n.  1;  population  of.  449, 
479;  rcsidcnre  of:  M.  Itouvel,  419. 
n  $4.  C,  Cadron,  18,  P.  dr  Girardot. 
18,  n.  [. 


St.  Pierre,  Akns  Dcsrousses  rfA,  Ji 

rcsidcra  oi  Kuksskia,  418. 
St.    Piemr,    François,    marries    Mar 

Jowpfatc  Ttirpin,  415,  n.  16;  rcsidei 

of  Kaskaskia,  415. 
St.  PieiTC,  Jean  Ba^rtistc.  Sr.,  marrii 

Aaceliauc  Roj-er,  415,  &.  16;  residei 

of  Kiukaxkin,  418. 
St.  Pierre.  Jean  Baptiste,  Jr..  reaidei 

of  Kaskaskia,  417. 
St.  Pterre,  Jerome,  rendent  of  Kaika 

kia,  415- 
St.  Pferre,  Joseph,  marries   Marianr 

Ku/,  415,  n.  lb;  rexident  cf  Kaska 

Ua.  4t8. 
Su    Pierre,    Mkhel,    marries    Therei 

Devignal,    414.    n.   j;     ttaîdeot   t 

Kaskaslda,  418. 
Si.  Pierre,  Father  Paul  dc,  sec  De  S 

Pierre. 
St.  Pierie,  Philippe,  resident  o{  Km 

kaskia.  415.  H 

St.  Pbotes.  sec  Populua.  ™ 

St.  Sulpice,   land  grant  to   priesU  c 

463- 
Ste.   UtsuIo  (Ur^euls,   Uisuls),   Ame 

leans  at,  46:  R.  M'Cariy  al.  44,  4 
St.  Vinccns,  Vincenu.  sec  Vinccnne 
Salt,  Rianufactuie  of,  115,  419,  a.  $. 

trade  in.  33,  S49. 
Sandusky  (Si.  Duski).  P.  Boyle  a  me 

chant  al,  105. 
Sandwich.  Ontario.  Huron  mission  0 

131,  n.  I. 
Sanguinet,  notary  at  Queher,  ^61. 
Sargenl.  contract  of,  with  Cottgress.  451 
Saucier,  Français,  signs  letter  to  P.  1 

dc    U    Valinitre,    557.    Seminary    < 

(Quebec,  566,  567. 
Sauteur  Indians,  proclamalioa  to,  fiQi 

J.  de  St.  GfrniAin,  157. 
Sauvage,    Mnrie   .^nne,   marries   Frar 

çois,  ilartvii,  418,  n.  51. 
Sarre.  receives  money  from  J.   Btlcl 

fiaoan,  136. 
Scott,   James,  signs  contract  with  I 

Taidivcau,  444. 
ScliifTclin  (Schelcting),  Lieutenant,  Hc< 

tenant  of  Dclroit  volunteers.  174. 
Sihuylcr.    Peter.    Uncle    of    .\.    S^J 

Pcvitcr,  17,  n.  I.  ^Ê 

Searay,  mentioned,  75.  V 

Seelcy.  John,  not  in  census,  4JI,  n, 
ScKuin,  dii  Ladcroutc,  Jacques,  kills 

by  Indions.  ji6,  d.  35. 
Seifuin.  Jean  Bapli^le.  resident  of  Km 

koskia,  416. 


» 


INDEX 


«173 


Seguin,  Louis,  biog.  notice  at,  51;  dep- 
tHîUoQ  of,  51;  mCSSCDgCT  of  G.  R. 
Clarke,  to  VincrnncSt  511  rtsidnit  of 

Seguin,  M&riamic,  nurries  Jacques 
Dcvignais.  4i4,n.  j. 

Seminary  of  l-'orrign  MÎTOorut  *l  Que- 
bec, jumdictiun  of,  over  Korthwcst, 
càS;  l&nd  grant  by,  568,  to,  465: 
létlcr  lo,  from  Cahokian»,  560;  pow- 
cn  granted  by,  lo  P.  Gihault.  ;6j; 
ptopcTtjr  of,  596:  rights  of  ]'.  li.  (te  la 
Valinifcre  in,  558. 

SnuUt  Joumài,  referred  to,  491,  n.  i, 
59A,  n.  1,  sq;,  n.  1,  601,  n.  t. 

Se\xTn«,  Rhcnp*cr,  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardiveau,  44J)> 

Seirbold,  Robert,  r«.4iden(  of  Illinoi*, 
433;  aigns  contract  with  B.  Tartli- 
%-eau.  444- 

Shsne]r,  Witlfam,  retMent  of  Illinois, 
431. 

Shannon  (Shannone),  Captain  U''illlam, 
act  for  rcU'rf  of,  331;  commissary  and 
quarter- master,  to3,  loi,  n.  i,  10.1, 
130,  146:  estimate  by,  of  J.  Todd, 

ijr;   tetlcr  of,  to:  ,   t^o,  G.   R. 

Clark,  348;  recei<r«i  money  from  J. 
Buckbanan,  136;  mentionerl,  ,^14. 

Shawnee  (Shaw&noc.  Shawnic)  In- 
dians, calmed  by  G.  Linctot,  163; 
confcrenre  of,  with  I^rd  K.  Fiti- 
Rctald,  51a;  expe<Jition  of  O.  R. 
Clark  against  14S,  170;  hustilfty  of, 
1*7.313. 5'6;  removal  of,  147;  treaty 
with,  I,  n.  3. 

Shea,  J.  M.,  Lift  and  Times  of  Ar^h^ 
hishaf  John  Carrali  by,  referred  to, 
xxxiii,  n.  i,  xxxiv,  n.  1,  xxxv,  n.  i, 
XXXV,  n.  3,  XXXV,  n.  4,  xxxvl,  d.  i, 
xxxvi,  a.  3,  xxxiri,  n.  3,  ixxvi,  n.  4, 
xxxvii,  n.  I,  $10,  n.  i,  s.14.  n.  i< 
S3S.  n.  I.  546.  n.  i,  jSi,  n.  i,  591, 
n.  I,  593,  n.  r. 

Shelby,  Captain,  instructed  to  raise 
troops,  t^. 

SheriR,  bond  of,  87,  83;  duties  of,  SS, 
gj;  payment  of,  r44. 

Shut,  supplied  to  M.  de  la  Bulme,  t^y, 
trade  in.  33,  34,  36. 

Shultw,  Daniel,  signs  conlrad  with  B, 
Tard i veau,  444. 

Silver  Heel»,  biog.  notice  of.   t.  n.  3. 

Simmons,  WiUtam,  prisoner  at  Dvtt^, 

S»3- 

Simonan.  Antoine,  resident  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  420. 


Simonai),    François,    Sr.,    resident    of 

Prai^  du  Rocher  490. 
Simonan,    François,    Jr.,    naidcnt    of 

Prairie  du  Rocher,  430. 
Sinclair,    MarRiiret,  R.  Winston's  wife, 

t,n.  I,  sec  Turgucr»>n.  Marguerite. 
Skins,  trade  in,  3^A  -.    used  as  currency, 

88,  147;  see  Peltries. 
Slau^ier,    Gcorse.    letter   of,    to   T. 

JcHerwn,  ii<. 
Slaughter,   Major   John,  joins   G.    R. 

Clark,    T.t5,   433,  n.    19;    misappro- 
priates provisions,  148. 
Slaughter,   John,   resident  of  nitnols, 

4Ï3;  signs contrart  with B.Tarrliveau, 

Sla^TS,  assemblies,  of,  388:  baptism 
of,  5S0;  Black  Code  for,  64,  65,  91. 
93,  a&8;  cause  trouble,  65;  feasts  of, 
65,66:  hanging  of ,  9;  :  Indians  used 
as,  93,  117,  331;  in:  Illinois,  30,  91, 
93.  97.  137.  '9*.  3»4.  JJi.  3;7>  i^i* 
385.  387.  396.  397.  433.  433.  445.  D- 
I,  Northwest,  45,  4SS;  manumissioa 
of>  331,  565;  marriage  of ,  574;  nut- 
conduct  of,  91;    owned  by  Frendit 

=41.  3'o.  377.  383.  J85.  J87,  396. 
403,  433,  433,  488.  493,  508,  5ci>, 
564.  565;  petition  concerning,  sent 
to  G.  R.  Clark  64,  65;  proclamation 
of  G.  R.  Clark  on,  64;  questions  of 
Congress  on,  383;  sale  <a  liquor  to, 
forbidden,  65,  91.  93.  304,  388; 
Imde:  in.  7,310,  with,  65. 67,91,  93, 
117,  1 18,  304,  388;  under  Ordinance 
of  1787.  488,  493,  503,  509. 

Smallpox  infests  Xcw  Orleans,  8. 

Smith,  W.  H.  Si.  Clair  Papers  by,  re- 
ferred to,  410,  n.  t,  436,  n.  4,  446,  n. 
I,  450,  n.  3. 

Smith,  petition  of  French  leferrcd  to, 
3831  report  of,  on  goveniineut  oi  the 
Xorthwest,  391,  399,  n.  i. 

Smith.  Chrbtopber.  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardiveau,  444. 

Smith,  Elijah,  resident  of  Illinob,  439; 
signs  contract  with  B-  Tardivcau,  444, 

Smith,  G.,  declines  appointment,  31J. 

Smith,  Henty,  commiEÙon  of,  as  jusuce. 
403,  issues  warrant,  for  arrest  403  ;  land 
owned  by,  349;  petition  of,  to  Court 
at  Koskaskia,  35t.  353:  protest  of 
M.  Bouret,  against  403;  signs:  com- 
missioD,  317,  contract  with  B.  Tar- 
dtveau,  444,  memorial  to  Congress. 
367:  summoned  as  witness,  tSo; 
supports:    J.  Dodge,  368,  n.  1,   R. 


674 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


Winston,  ^tj.  n.    t;     testîmoof  of, 
Smhh,  Ib«w,  pctitna  q(,  to  Congre», 

Sniio,  Nicholas,  burs  horw  o(  H. 
Smith,  as'i  circled  tnafftxirate,  396, 
431.  □.  4;  Tendent  of  Illinois,  431; 
^Tts:  commisdon,  317,  rontnci 
with  B.  TkrdivcKu,  444,  memoiûl 
to  Congie»,  368;  «u(>portft:  J- 
Dodge,  36S,  B.  r,  317,  n.  i. 

Smith,  William,  sign»  conlnct  with 
B.  Taidivcau,  444. 

Soudrayc,  see  Dc  Sfonhnun. 

Soumandc  (Sumendre),  surnames  of 
family  of,  417,  n.  36. 

Soumande,  Marie  Joseph  te,  maniBS 
Mathurin  Bouvcl.  419.  n.  54. 

Sotunande,  Michel,  rûideol  of  Ras- 
kukla,  4i7' 

Soumande,  Renf,  birth  of,  417,  n.  $6; 
acts  as  nknesB,  405;  antagoniun  of, 
to  R.  Winston,  344.  344.  n.  i  ;  icsi- 
dent  of  Kaska^ta.  41;:  signs:  as 
witness,  38S,  38g,  memorial  lo  Vir- 
giaia  comnus&ionera.  344<  petition 
to  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  jSq;  voles 
in  cio-iion,  301. 

Spain,  attitude  of  R.  Wiriston,  towards, 
275,  n.  I,  304,  311;  alliance  of,  with 
United  Sûtes,  198;  ascendency  of,  in 
West,  xlix,  I;  dcclai«a  war  against 
England,  64.  119,  iii;  doir»  dc- 
{Ululation  of  Illinois,  516;  cncour- 
Iga  cultivation  of  tobacco,  410; 
eocroachments  of.  357;  excites  In- 
dianftSMi  forbidstrade  with  Ameri- 
cans, 50c;  neutrality  of,  179;  offers 
of,  to:  immigrants,  ilix,  410,  507, 
T.  de  Monbrcun,  357,  J._  Edgar,  516; 
nlktions  of,  with  Illinois,  396,  397, 
99»,  399.  300.  3'ï.  .P'.  337-  373. 
37^'  377;  suhjcrts  of:  court  inar- 
lialed,  4$^<  given  paper  money,  331, 
331;  trade  with,  369,  411. 

States  attorney,  powerv  of.  94,  9âa,  3S4. 

Stephens,  General  Edward,  commanils 
ViiginU  troops,  138;  serves  )n 
Frvnch  and  Indian  war,  109,  n.  i. 

Stephenson,  Samuel,  signs  coninct 
«rllh  8.  Tardiveau,  444. 

StrvenKOn,  Joaeph,  signs  contract  with 
B.  Tardiveau,  444. 

Stewart,  William,  «gent  for  J.  Undsay, 
.U7- 

Sleynmeyer,  Ferdinand,  see  Fanner, 
Ferdinand,  54^1  n.  1. 


Stirling,  Captain,  arrival  of,  in  llUoois, 
00,  n.  I. 

Stockton.  RirJiard,  petition  of,  to  Con* 
gr«*.  4^. 

Stockton.  Samuel  W.,  petitloa  of.  to 
Congress,  469. 

Story,  EphriKm,iesMeatof  Illitiob,433; 
signs  cootnct  with  B.  Tardiveao. 
444- 

Stroud,  trade  in,  3. 

Sugar,  cultivation  of,  353,  463:  tnde 
In,  31. 

Sullivan,  Daidel,  Joiits expédition  against 
Indinns,  508:    messenger,   ^05,  506. 

Sullivan  (Sulevcn),  Captain  /ohn,  car- 
rte*  letter,  343;  officer  under  G.  R. 
Ctark.  4>3.  n.  16:  i«jdcnt  of  Illinois, 
4i>:  signs  contract  with  B.  Tardi- 
veau. 444. 

Suite,  Benjamin,  notes  by,  415,  Q>  Q> 
415.  n-  IT.  416, 0.  as.  417.  «•  36.  4»». 
n.  St- 

Suits,  Daniel,  rrsidcnt  of  IlUnois,  42a- 

Supplies,  collection  of,  it4.  347;  de- 
mands  for.  of:  J.  Montgomery,  113, 
114,  115.  133,  "a,  139.  0.  I.  150, 
150,  n,  I.  198,  133.  334.  335.  455. 
J.  Rogers,  3ot>,  «xj;  J,  Kdgar  oSers, 
jti;  French  rrftisc  to  grant,  isp, 
S09;  furnished  by  French,  116.  137, 

330.  331.  333.  335.  337.  341.  345. 
363.  436,  4S4,  45S' 458;  Indians  sup- 
plied with,  157,  187.  193,  199,  356, 
3S7.  358,  506;  lack  of,  193,  laj,  143, 
I.W.  159,  33^,  4I>>  505.  506,  507; 
promised  by  T.  Jeflcrson  to  C  R 
Clark,  147.    purchase  of,  130.  131, 

»47.  33t.  iS'-  333.  335.  «6.  363; 

waste  of,  (4j,  314.  455- 
Sytvesler,   testimony   oj,    in   Court   of 

Enquiry.  31. 
Symmes,   John  C,  petitions  Congress 

for  land,  450,  450,  n.  i. 
Syndic,  complains  about  fences,  376; 

election   of,    aj6;    support  of,   by 

Coutl,  877.  a*;- 

TaBia.  rrade  in,  j.  31.  ,^3.  455. 

Tailor,   John,  signs  contract   Kith  B. 

Tardiveau,  444> 
Tallow,  ttadc  in.  S45;  used  as  cuneitcy > 

399. 
Tamarois  Indians,  missions  lo.  ^38. 603. 
Tangua,   François,   nraîdcnC  oi  I^airiC 

du  RiKlwr,  4  JO. 
Tangua,  Joseph,  resident  of  Prairie  da 

Kochcr,  410;   votes  for  judge,  S6. 


INDEX 


6» 


Tinnerr.  at  Prairfe  du  Rocher,  7t. 

Tardlveau  (Tâidica,  TardJvau),  Bar- 
thelvini,  biog,  notice  aS.  rrfemd  lo, 
445iti.a:accoinpanics  J. H&rrnir, 43a, 
430,  44S,  a.  i;  a^ic  usatiôiu  against 
by:  P.  H.  de  la  ValtnSre,  416.  417, 
*3o.  451.  548,  n.  3.  P.  LangloU.  437. 
4iS.  439.  451;  «  agcnl  of  French 
uks  Congreu  for  land,  443. 44^.  447. 
449-  4S4.  463.  466.  475-  485,  491: 
at:  Falls af  Ohio, 4.{â,  Kaslca&kia,4>6, 
S^>  573>  ViDccnnes,  573:  atiempls 
acception,  437:  altitude  ot  Congress 
lowartls.  485;  basis  for  memorials 
of,  44S>  "■  3\  buys  foit,  439;  census 
made  for,  414.  43t.  n.  t;  certifies 
translation,  554.  55».  569.  573,  581; 
chanclerizatioa  of,  459,  453;  cât^ 
cuLatGS  petition.  437:  congiCiiiiunil 
action  00  memorials  of,  465, 466, 471, 
475-  48t.  483.  48a,  n.  1,  49i<  a-  i. 
4<>4  ;  contract  of,  with  Americanit,  443, 
AS'-  *53-  french,  440,  441,  n.  i.  45», 
453;  death  of,  445.  n.  3;  dentaods  of. 
onCahotiians,  jfiH;  dtliiaillieaof,  494; 
friend  of:  1.  Uoilgc,  430,  J.  DoHge, 
437;  in:  Illinois,  445.  □■  a.  New 
York.  453>  463, 46&:  intrigue  of.  wiih 
J.  DdcI^  439;  justification  of,  to 
Coniress,  451,  453.  5431  land  Kthctne 
of.  xM,  437,  431.  437.  440.  44'.  +47. 
448,  460,  461.  46(>  n-  >■  463.  484, 
4S6,  494,  ;68;  letter  of,  to  ].  Sau- 
vais, 4Q4,  P.  de  St.  Pierre,  567,  Presi- 
dent of  CongiTH,  451;  letter  lo. 
from:  P.  de  Si.  Pierre,  itiv,  567,  570, 
J.  llamtrunck,  509;  memorial  of, 
to  Congre»»,  445-  447-  454.  463.  4^5. 
466,471.4751485.486,491;  mission 
of.  to  Congress,  494:  noiiàes  J.  Hatn- 
tiamck  of  emigration,  509;  obtain» 
Kaskaskian  papcr^^  141,  n.  1.  445,  n. 
3;  opjjoscd  by  r.  II,  de  la  Valinitre, 
xIvÎL  pciitions  of,  to  Congress,  43t,  n. 
1.438,  4,i8,  n.  t;  promiseii  Iflnd  10  P. 
de  St,  i'icrre,  560;  pfijpnsal»  of  G. 
Morgan  to,  4<;4;  purchases  land 
from  J.  Dodge,  349:  rellgloua  faith 
of.  453.  "-  31  replies  to  occusationti, 
451.453.  453. 

Ttiroiveau  Papeis  of  Menard  Collec- 
tion, 241,  n.  I,  445,  n.  2. 

Taumer.  dit  Losource,  we  Laaouite. 

Tea,  trade  in,  tfi. 

Terrier.  Jowph,  reddert  of  Prairie  du 
Rocher,  430;  signs  contract  with  B. 
Tard! veau,  449;  votes  in  ekction.  393. 


Tele,  La  Gitese,  capture  of,  503. 

Thai,  Uvig,  signs  contract  with  B. 
laidiveau,  445- 

Thaumur,  dil  LÔÂourcc.  see  Losotuce. 

Theel.  Levi,  signs  as  arbiter,  501. 

Thibaud,  François,  Sr.,  resident  of 
Kaskaskia,  416. 

Thibaud,  François,  Jr.,  resident  of  Kaa- 
kaskia,  418. 

Thomer.  dil  Losource,  sec  Lasoum. 

Thottipoon  (Thomson),  Charles,  letter 
of,  to  Koskaskigns,  437  ;  Letter  to,  from 
P.  H.  dc  la  Valinitrc,  434.  P-  Lang- 
lois,  43A;  situation  in  Illinois,  die- 
scribed  lo,  434.  435.  436,  437,  438. 

Thwailcs,  Reuben  Gold,  Descriptiv4 
Lut  o)  MS.  Collettiont  0/  ilt€  Statt 
U'ftoricai  Socitty  of  Wiscvntin  bj, 
referred  to,  376,  n.  i  ;  Dunmor^s 
Wax  by,  r^errrcd  lo,  75,  n.  5,  76, 
n-  3,  109,  D.  t,  363,  n.  i;  Jesuit 
Rotations  by,  referred  to,  493,  n.  i; 
Rfvatutiim  on  the  Ufptw  OkiQ  by. 
referred  to,  xix,  n.  i,  xx,  n.  i,  i  o.  3, 
13,  n.  4.  105.  n.  I. 

"Hbau,  Pierre,  French  deserter,  167. 

Tîbaull  (Thibault,  Tibau,  Tibaul,  Ti- 
haux,  '11  hot).  Alexis,  resident  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  419. 

Tibautt,  Charles,  resideat  of  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  ^tç. 

Tibautt.  François,  Sr,  resident  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  419:  signs  con- 
tract wfilh  13,  Tardivcau,  443;  voles 
in  irlection,  86,  a 9 3. 

Tibaull,  François,  Jr..  resident  of 
Prairie  du  Rocher,  41g. 

Tibaull,  Henri,  resident  of  Prairie  du 
Kochcr,  419. 

Tibault,  Joseph,  marriage  of,  415,11.  16; 
signs  contract   with    B.   Tarditeau, 

443- 

Tidskrer,  Louis,  acts  as  bailiS,  535. 

Tobacco,  cultivation  of,  41:  trade  in. 
T18,  18;;  used  OS  currency,  6Jj,  144. 

Todd,  John,  ability  of  64,  83;  advo- 
cates suppression  of  Indian  liquor 
trade,  117:  appointed  County  Lieu- 
tenant, 61,  63,  75,  n.  I,  81;  i4>point- 
mem  by,  of:  N.  Jonls,  t8,  n.  4.  R. 
Winston.  150,  334;  arri%-al  of,  In 
lilinoh,  106.  131.  333,  384;  aaaiaU 
G.  R.  Clark,  63;  at  Vinccnnea.  97, 
131,  131.  n.  i;  attitude  of,  lowania 
French,  S3.  84;  debtor  to  R.  Win- 
ston, 150-,  demands  bond  from  R. 
Winston,    67;     departure   of.    from 


676 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


lllioob.  131.  131,  n.  I.  133,  IJ3,  n.  t, 
t49i  dùhonesiy  of,  333;  eslablûbcs 
coarf  M  :  K«it«»kim,  6,  n.  3.  18,  n.  4, 
18.  n.  5,  336,  259.  333.  .1,W.  384.  408. 
Vincmncs.  507,  n.  i;  (ails  to  obiaûi 
lupplic*,  139;  ÂnMticial  pnlicfo/,  i3t, 
131.  n.  I,  133,  333;  gDv-cmtncDt 
rr^lAlions  brou|^  by,  437;  hoft- 
liliiyio,  133,11.1;  minois  conditions 
ntwticd  lo,  iQS,  ig6:  iuuca:  ccr- 
lificalc.  86.  87,  commiatioa  warrant. 
97.  106;  letter  of,  to:  Cï.  R.  Cl*rk, 
75.  97,  106,  137,  138.  158.  W.  Flem- 
ing, 109,  Presidcnl  of  Congrts»,  319, 
K.  Winston,  9B,  ig^ï;  Icitcr  to,  from: 

tDocJgc.  iSQ,  T.  JefTcrtun,  143. 
ukAsIu&na.  315,  R.  M'Carty.  334, 
n.  1.  R.  Wiiwton.  195;  member  ot 
court,  7Vi  accused  of  mUuac  of 
fund*  149;  notices  of,  itt,  139,  130; 
oRera  «nrirc»  as  surveyor,  aso; 
Opinion  of,  on  Koverruneni  cS  Illinob, 
110;  oriler»  Court  lo  reoMcmble, 
tc6;  petition  to,  from  mnnistrato, 
88-94;  [>owcn  o(,  61,  63,  3S3'  390; 
piohlbita  exponsilon,  tot,  n.  t: 
propert/ of,  in  Kcnlucky,  110;  pur- 
chrân  pellrr,  138,  333;  rctepthm  of, 
by  Frrnch.  Rj,  83;  rrfusM  pehrjr 
to  I.  Montgomerj-,  raS;  scn'b 
appointment  to  F.  CkarlcrtUe,  oS; 
aprech  of.  lo  tCuk&tkiivns.  83;  sum- 
mons Court,  106,  107,  lit;  surveyor 
fortrollegcof  William  and  Mary,  939: 
îhrrsls  of,  to  K»kAikians,  139: 
trratmrnt  of  Fretirh  lijr,  131,  ^3, 
314;  R.  Winston  deputy  of,  337. 

Totld,  Koheii,  arrompÂnies  C.  R. 
Clark,  laS. 

Toilon.  Simon,  mldent  of  Pmlrie  da 
Roi  her,  430. 

Tomur,  Tooiurv,  Jit  Lasoum,  see 
Lajounre. 

Torinn,  »\gn^  ronlrmrt  with  B.  Tardi- 
vraii,  443. 

Toulouze  (Toulouse),  X>amours  lOt, 
contriliulinn  of,  to  troop*,  116; 
hHisxirr,  4(jil;  resident  of  Kaskaskia, 
415:  votes  in  election.  369,  371. 

Toui'oujec,  Alexandre,  midcni  of  Kas- 
kiwikia,  417. 

Toulouse,  Blaixe,  Sr.,  mldenl  of 
Kukaskia.  415. 

Toulouse,  François,  resident  of  Kss- 
koskla,  41  ;■ 

Toulouse,  Ilenn-,  rvsidcnt  of  Kaskaskia, 
4  "5 


est  01  r. 

towa^q 


ToBlouae,  Jean  Baptlcte,  signs 

rial  lo  CoogreM,  368. 
Toulouse,  Joaepli,  Sr.,  resident  of  Kat< 

kaskia,  41 7  • 
ToulouK,     ioscph,     Jr.,    leiidctit    of 

Ksskaskta,  417. 
Touloiue,  Noel,  tttndcnt  of  Kaskaskb, 

415- 

Toulouse,  Pierre,  resident  of  Kaakaskla. 
418:  signs  petition  to  gorcmor  of 
Virginia  [?).  140. 

'i'ouranjeau  (Tounuigca,  Toutmiijoui, 
Tourengcau,  Tourrangeaux),  can- 
didate for  office,  369:  contribution  of, 
to  troop»,  1 16;  testtnumy  of,  in  Court 
oX  Enquiry,  34,  30;  vc4es  in  election, 

369.  »7i- 

Toumier,  Luuli,  accused  ot  thc^t,  59(3, 
J 36,  537;  letter  of,  to  J.  Carroll,  531; 
Uwndt  of,  vs.  P.  de  St.  Pierre,  531- 
530;  petition  of,  to  N.  LachanK,  531, 
533,  $33,  539;  signs:  as  witne»,  C37, 
minutes,  534,  539:  urges  artcst  a  P. 
lie  St.  Pierre,  559- 

Townshiu»,  laying  out  of,  4S0. 

Tmde,  anuses  of,  to6;  attftiidc  tc 

of  P.  Henry,6ii  iietntrenlUinoisand: 
Detroit,  33,  173.  411,  4S5,  463,  East, 
>■  3'  '0'  3''  P-ngUnd,  41,  l>7uisiana, 
369,  Mithitlimackinac,  45,  173,  411, 
4S5>  462>  Missouri,  48,  io3,  13a, 
17a,  4".  Nalchez,  35.  >3».  New 
CMeans,  7,  133,  j6o,  195,  315,  397, 
334.  at*,  a.  1.  379.  3*0'  3^  "■  I' 
455»  4S7,  4f".  S07.  Sie.  Genevieve, 
48,  to3,  411,  SL  Louis,  130,  4tt| 
West  Florida,  43.  VirRinia.  31,  75, 
143:  between:  I.nui5iana and  Canada, 
369,  Mkhillimstkinac  and  St.  Louii 
S09,  Kew  Orleans  and  Fon  Pitt 
507,  St.  Lou»  and  New  Ortcans,  187, 
Vinccnnes  and  New  Orleans,  507; 
condition  of,  in  Illinois,  3,  n.  i,  4, 
5.  II.  15.  37.  38.  43.  44.  4":  àc- 

crcascof,  44S,  457.  463,  510;  dispute» 
In,  settled  by  aibitets,  so,  40:  elTecl 
on,  of:  continental  currenry,  349, 
363.  Detroit  expedition,  188.  Pontiac's 
conspiracy.  3,  o.  a,  Revolution,  9; 
in:  beans,  iiS,  beaver,  9r,  41,  bed 
clollics.  33,  beef.  133,  cloth,  31, 
coffee,  31,  33,  com,  ta,  J3.  35,  118, 
187,  305.  348,  349,  àecT  skins.  to3, 
flour,  15,  34,  35,  114,  133,  313,  furs, 
XV,  xvti,  7,  IS,  31,  39.  41.  164.  411. 

4S5.  470.  P»"».  Ï3.  31.  3».  33.  sun- 
powder,  xviii,  3,  4,  II,  19,  19,  D^ 


INDEX 


ij.  14.  19.  3''  $S'  M.  $*>•  tS9.  »64. 
hule»,  71,  Imnc*.  1,  351,  353,  35^, 
land,  77,  ;8,  79,  leul,  33,  33,  34,  1S9. 
litfuor,  14,  15,  ».  ai,  a.  1,  37.  38,  39, 
30,  31.  Si.  31,  35.  36,  39.  90,  91,  93. 
93.  It>.  113.  tl7,  t&4,  904,  «4S.  aâ?' 
ïèa,  345.  3^'.  38Î.  n-  ».  4îî.  53^, 
S45,  mcrctundisc,  19,  uïl,  ^^t;,  cmtige 
Julce.  36.  oHei.  31,  papier.  345. 
|>ellriea,  130,  131.  [49,  164.  315.  333. 
345.  379.  448,  ^SS.  54^  pork.  n5, 
133,  potatoes,  tt8,  nim,  31,  33,  34. 
sali.  33.  sh«,  33,  34,  36,  skjns,  348, 
«Uvea,  7,  310.  Migsr,  31,  UlEa,  5.  31, 

33.  4S5.  t*IIow,  545,  tea,  ^6.  tobacco. 
ti8,  1S7,  wheat,  436,  wine,  3^,  3A, 
4SS;  «*:  I*-  Bentley.  30,  31,  33,  3S. 

34.  35.  Frenfh,  457,  460,  462.  479; 
on:  Kentucky  River,  33,  Misaiuippi 
River,  xvji,  7,  13,  13,  n.  4,  15,  30,  34, 

35.  13a,  160,  187.  [95.  315.  397, 
334,  334,  n-  1,  373,  374,  379,  380. 

380,  n.  I.  4S5.  4S7.  46a.  S07.  Ol'io 
River.  3a,  36:  poet  lor:  at  Cafaokia, 
II.  13.  38a,  383,  n.  I.  395,  411.  on 
Ohio  River.  143;  power  at  J.  Mont- 
gomery tnn,  353;  refutation  ni,  196; 
with:  frontiersmen,  ij,  InOiaiu,  4, 
n.  a,  5,  6,  13,  13,  14,  15.  30.  31,  34, 
15,  »7,  aft,  99.  30,  35,  39.  s»,  73.  90, 
91,  110,  117,  143,  148,  164,  170,  171, 
17a,  319,  387.  369.  395.  448,  460, 
46a.  470.  479.  S»7.  53*-  545.  •laves, 
65,  67,  91,  93,  117,  i]8,  3134,  388, 
Spaniards  133,  411,  509. 

Traders,  amcment  of,  concerning  li- 
quor trade,  31,  31,  n.  t.  90;  annual 
pttrcbaae  of.  411;  arbiters  for,  so, 
40;  atlilude  of.  towanJï:  French, 
37,  38,  Revolution.  3,  n.  i.  19,  so. 
47,    n.    1:    compclition    among,    6, 

381.  38».  395,  410;  danger  of,  46; 
establish  Indiana  Company,  3,  n.  j; 
excite  Indians.  514:  Hock  west,  1, 
a.  1:  from:  Detroit.  410,  Michilli- 
mackiiuic,  383,  410;  liablls  of,  48: 
land  gnnis  10,  3.  n.  i:  i>assportâ  dc- 
mand'Cd  of,  ^97  ;  pictilion  of,  to  O. 
Carlelon,  4;  protection  of,  373.  374! 
trcBtmenl  of,  by:  P.  de  Rocncblave, 
4,  15,  30,  33,  36.  37,  38,  40,  French, 
383. 

Treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix.  Land  grants  of, 

2.  n.  3,  3,  n.  [. 
Trigg,   Stephen,    hiog.   notice  of,    76, 

n.  3;  land  speculation  of,  76,  78,  79. 
Troopî    of     Virginia,    arrival    oï,    in 


Illinois.  331.  333,  341,  363.  454; 
attempt  to  govern,  195:  attitude  of 
R,  Winston  towards,  373.  379,  »8o, 
381,  341,  345;  clothing  fur,  135; 
cam  plaint  of  Court  at  Kaskaskia 
against,  140:  dcmoli^  rectory  at 
Cahokia,  563;  departure  of,  for  Fort 
Jefterson,  197;  désertion  of,  136,  133, 
317;  destitute  condilbn  of,  133,  150, 

198,  317,  348,  363,  395,  454.  4S7: 
diwripliiii-  of,  136,  411;  cat  horses, 
411;  enlistment  of,  198.  3i6,  457; 
exdie  Indians,  184;  expulsion  of,  187; 
extravagance  of .  14c,  314,  455;  Ktâ- 
kaskians  refuse  to  support,  309;  left 
at  Fort  Clark,  306;  mulrt^t  Fn:nch 
88,  89,  93.  137.  141,  183,  191,  195, 

199.  «>8.  334.  338.  338,  339.  341,  364. 
365,  439.  5631  need  otf,  at  KaAk&sUa, 
510.  513;  passports  requited  of,  986; 
payment  of.  63;  purchase  merchan- 
dise, 455;  refuse  prison  îo  civil  gov- 
ernment, içj;  J.  Rugers  demands 
supplies  for,  306,  3og;  sent  to  defend 
Illinois.  81  :  aervict^  of,  in  Kaskaskia, 
364,  45;;  sicknc&s  among,  506,  309, 
jti;  supplies  for.  (13,  89,93,  105,  113, 

114,      I  15,      116,      130,      137,     137,      140, 

149.  ao6,  aoS.  314,  316,  at?.  333,  337, 
348.  3<9>  335.  336.  341.  363.  367. 
454.  435.  457.  45*.  485.  S";  Viiw 
gmia  unable  to  support.  143;  with» 
âra«-al  of.  183,  364,  3^15,  384. 

Trot  tier,  dit  Uesruisscaux,  »ec  Des- 
rulsseaux. 

Turgucnon,  Margaret,  [Far<]ueson?] 
wtfe  of  R.  WinKlon,  i,  n.  i,  see 
Farqiiceon,  Marguerite. 

Turjon.   Nicola»,  vote»  for  judge,  86. 

Turner,  Benjamin,  resideril  of  Illinois, 
433;  signs  contract  with  B.  Tardl- 
veau,  444. 

Turner,  F.  J.,  article  by,  referred  to, 
48. 

Tur^iin,  Marie  Joaephte.  marries  Fran- 
çois Kl.  I'icrrr,  41ft,  n.  16, 

Tyihc,  payment  of,  575,  5781. 

United  States,  attitude  of  French  to- 
wards, 337,  340.  395;  constiiution  of, 
467;  cncroachmcnu  of  F.  Crural  on, 
374,  37Si  l»"d  cession  to,  from  Vir- 
ginia, 361,  457,  473;  obtain  supplies 
in  West,  9,  10,  13.  13,  n.  4,  14,  19,  34, 
3S,  106,  no;  treaty  of.  ■".-ith:  Frante, 

55.  56.  "9.  n».  "».  157.  330.  454. 
■Spain,  398;  see  Congress. 


4 


4 


«78 


ILLINOIS  HISTORICAL  COLLECTIONS 


UttiUi  Stain  CaHwtie  Bistoncal  Mofc- 
want,  («(erred  lo,  494. 

V«l,  candidal^  for  onicc,  169. 

Vdier,  Jolm.  rrskicot  oS  Illîaois,  43*. 

Valintère  (X'alliniërc),  Mc  De  la  Valin- 
(ère. 

Vallé,  Fratiïoîs.  comsiuidaol  al  Sic. 
Genevieve.  540,  n.  i. 

Valtis,  John,  signs  costnct  wiih  B. 
Tardivcau.  44J. 

Vait,  canir*  Irttcr,  349. 

Vandikc,  Uenrr.  petition  ci,  to  Con- 
gre». 469. 

Vasacur,  >e«  I^r^nrur. 

Vannatson,  Eluha,  resident  of  Illinois, 
411;  sipis  commet  with  B.  Tardi- 
veaa.  444. 

Van  WIcklc,  Evitt,  petition  of,  lo  Con- 
pea»,  469. 

Vardon,  Daniel,  petition  of,  to  Congre», 
46i. 

Vaudreuil.  Mar^uEi  Louis  Philippe  de 
Rtgaud  de,  French  commander,  176; 
conference  of,  with  G.  Lindot,  17;, 
17». 

Vmi  0}  the  Titlt  lo  Indiana,  A  Tract  0} 
Country  on  (A*  Rivtr  Okie,  referred 
to,  2,  n.  3. 

Vigo,  Fnni;ois,  capture  at,  tij  Indiana, 
S97;  cairtd  tetter,  508,  597;  debt  of 
united  States  to,  xxvi;  paymenc  of, 
,MS;  ivtumof,  cti. 

Villieis,  acts  u  witneaa,  loa 

Vincennes  CPo^f  Vincent,  Si.  Vinrens, 
St.  Vincent,  Vintcnnc),  Abbot  Rov- 
emor  of,  0,  n.  1:  adilrcss  of  Inhabi- 
tants of,  to  M .  de  la  Balme,  189,  n.  i  ; 
Americans  in,  449;  attitude  of  Con* 
gitus  towuds,  566;  buildiiK  of 
church  ai,  sjft;  capture  of.  by:  C.  R. 
Clark,  xxvi,  xxvii,  xxviii,  utix,  xvt, 
mxl,  »xli,  16,  n.  I,  18,  a.  4>  5>> 
51,  n.  I.  53.  SI,  n.  I,  73,  n.  5,  75,  80, 
81,  104,  106,  149,  168,  .1J3,  S9S, 
497,  n.  3,  541,  585,  H.  Hamilton, 
104,  n.  4,  t04,  n.  5:  chatter  of,  461, 
478.  4W.  493,  1-  i;  cburch  property 
in,  593;  comnifinf  in,  463:  M.  dr  la 
Bklme  at,  169;  description  of,  by  P. 
GibaulC,  xlvi).  xlviii,  534,  535;  dis- 
tance of,  from  Kaskaxkia,  za;  J. 
Dodge  at,  151;  establishment  of  Court 

**•  S^>  5^7-  "'  '■  f'''Yri<^h  in>  449; 
friendly  to  G.  R.  CUrle,  «i;  Fort 
Patrick  Henry  at,  73:  P.  Cibault  ob- 
tains ecclesiastical  property  at.  596; 


iohaUtants  of.  on  Detroit  expedition. 
187:  Inter  lo.  from  Board  of  CoranUft- 
sioncrs,  319;  manufacture  of  sugar  In, 
463;  OKCiing  place  for  Detroit  expcdi- 
lioo,  130:  mission  of  P.  Gtbauft  to. 
xxvii,  irviii.xxix,  mi.  xxxv,  Ç36.S81, 
D.  Murray  at,  8;  oath  of  inhabitants 
of,  xxx:  organization  of  government 
in,  4A7;  pctilian  of  inhabitants  of,  to 
Congress,  454,  463,  465,  466,  471. 
47S'  *77'  481.  48a,  48a.  n.  I,  491; 
populatwn  of.  369.  449,  478.  493; 
sl«  of,  463  ;  B.  Tardiveau  :  agent  for, 
451.  at,  573:  testimony  of  I..  Seguin 
in  regard  lo,  51,  js;  trade  of,  13,  36, 
24*.  507.  537;  treaty  of,  with  G.  R- 
Clark,  4T3:  j.  Todd,  at  97,  151. 
Virginia,  abAïKlons  ItUnoU,  196;  act  of, 
coaccming  Illinois.  365,  40a;  ap- 
points: Board  of  Cominlarioners  for 
Western  affairs,  319,  conunLwary  fur 
Northwest,  146,  Indian  trade  agent, 
104.  n.  r;  a-^ked  to  redeem  paper 
money,  183;  nstcmhtr  of:  honora  G. 
R.  Clark,  63,  sends  re-enforwment»  to 
G.  R.  Clark,  fto;  T.  Oentley  appeals 
to  gorernment  of,  323,  335;  F,  Car- 
bonneaux  sent  as  agent  to,  31$; 
ceaalon  of  Noftbwesi  by,  10  Congms, 
319. 361.41».  446. 4SÎ.  465- 4i.lt  510; 
rUin»  of,  opposed  by  T.  Paine, 
aio,  n.  t;  complainls  of  French  to, 
341,  n-  I,  343,  345,  315,  3i6;confmn« 
land  grants,  476;  conquest  of  Illtoois 
by,  xxl,  «4,  i«s,  3^3.  454:  credh  of, 
348,  349;detiUof,  146,  19S,  318.  319, 
333.  336,  348,  487;  difliculiy  of,  in 
raising  troops,  14c:  di.-nmned  by 
French,  i$o;  I.  Dodge  agent  for.  >io; 
failure  In,  of  R.  Winston  and  F. 
Carbonneaux,  369,  n.  1:  tinanciaJ 
distress  uf,  145.  146,  147,  149;  gov- 
emntenl  of  Illinois  by,  84,  tto,  113, 
114,  I  If,  1 16,  140.  143,  144.  190, 
191,  195,  199.  »'.  >'3.  »33.  »34.  «S. 
336,  337,  338,  373.  3i6.  330.  331. 
33».  333.  334.  335.  336.  36'.  406. 
408.  409,  457;  intercourse  of.  with 
Illinois.  47;  investigates  nestem 
affairs,  313,  313,  n.  i.  317,  318.  338, 
346;  land  grants  by,  145,  463,  464, 
488;  La  Jeunesse  agent  to,  345,  n- 
i;  laws  of,  in  Illinois,  373,  400.  406, 
409;  letter  lo  governor  of.  from;  G. 
R.  Oark.  144.  W.  Fleming,  3'3.  CÎ- 
Slaoghter,  ais.  Shelby,  J48,  Worth- 
ington,  148;  manuscripts  scnl  lo,  130, 


LNDEX 


«79 


n.  I  ;  Martfn,  Cherokee  agent  for,  144; 
mrmorial  to,  (n>tn-  T.  de  Monbrcun, 
J55.  3S7.  P-  1.  P'rcnth,  340,  m,  D. 
Mumy,  xx:  mililao'  plans  of.  145; 
mÏMian  of  R.  M'C*rty  anil  P.  Pre- 
TOM  to,  343.  345:  oou  o{  iilI«KÎance 
to,  13$,  370,  303;  obtains  money  from 
Fmntv,  146;  pciiiioti  to,  from  T. 
Bentley,  m,  French,  333.  4S4:  per- 
mits use  of  French  law,  386,  38;; 
praclamatioo  to  cmIitor>  of,  ,117, 
jiS;  piDtecU  French  in  land  ccsston, 
419;  TftiMS  troops  for  O.  R.  Clark, 
[48;  rrfuicit  to  fC(t)gnize  land 
clairps  of  Indiana  Company,  2,  n. 
a;  saticlioru  witlcnjcnt  of  llliitoi*, 
446:  kikIi:  r^ularv  to  Illinois,  81, 
tobacco  to  France,  146;  trade  of, 
with  Illinois,  31,  6t,  75,  143;  West- 
ern claims  cd,  3to,  310.  n.  t;  R. 
Wiruton  o^nt  to.  315. 

Virginia  SliUt  Pap«»t,  Me  Calendar  of. 

Viqcer  (Fishat),  ut:  fletroil,  104.  n.  3, 
Pitt.'ihurg,  taj;  letter  lo,  from  J. 
Do[l){C,  ISO. 

Vitlmer,  George,  resident  of  Prairie  du 
Rocher,  430. 

Vittmer,  NicolaS)  résident  of  Praire  du 
Rocher,  43a. 

Viviat,  Ij>uÎ*.  htog.  notire  of,  j,  n.  a; 
commercial  r«lation«  of,  wilh  :  T. 
Bentley,  15,  D.  and  W.  Murray,  4. 
n.  3.  7,  n.  i:  death  of,  49:  drafts  of, 
i.t.ti  note  of  L.  Borner  to,  to;  protest 
of,  7;  will  of,  ij-j.  n.  3. 

Voilelt  (Oilet,  Voilette),  Jean  Baptiste, 
land  stant  to,  350,  331. 

VotiabeRaki,  see  Ouabcnaki. 

Wabash  Indians,  cxpedilion  a^ainsl  507; 

poverty  of.  506. 
Walianh  I^and  Company,  trade  of,  with 

Indiuiu,  4,  n.  a. 
Wahuh  Klvrr.  ilriti«h  forcRS  on,  51; 

Indian  troubles  on,  504;    land  aalcs 

on.  44S,   449.  469.  47a.  480,  483: 

posu  on,  60. 
Waddle,  Alexander,  resident  of  Illinois, 

483- 

Waddle.  David,  Sr.,  reaideni  of  Illinois, 
4'.î;  signs  conlrarl  with  B.  Tar- 
diveau,  444;  soldier  under  G.  R. 
Clark.  413,  n,  23. 

Waddle,  David,  Jr.,  trsidcnl  of  Illi- 
nois, 43.V 

Waddle,  Isaac,  resident  of  Illinois,  433; 
s^ns  contnKt  with  B.  Tardiveau,  444. 


Waddle,   James,   itsidcnt  of  lUEnoia, 

4Î3- 
Waddle,  Jese,  resident  of  Illinois,  433; 

signs  contract    with    B.   Tardiveau, 

444- 
Wadswonh,     letter    i«ferm)    to,     of: 

P.  Lan^lois.  439,  B.  Tardiveau,  453; 

tnemuriJU  of  B.  Tardiveau,  referred 

to,  4âS,  471;    report  of,  on:    Illinois 

land,  471,  memorial  of  B.  Tardiveau, 

465. 
Waire,  IWavie?],   Geoi^,  resident  of 

Illinois.  433;   signs  contract  with  U. 

TsTtiivrau,  443. 
Walker,  mentioned.  144. 
Walker.  Dawiton  and  Company,  trade 

of,  witliT.  Bentley,  41. 
Wallace,    Caleh,    member   of    invcsti- 

([ating  committee,  317.  3r8,  3*8. 
Walpole  Comfraiiy,  parttcipattOD  of  S. 

VVharlon  In,  3.  n.  t. 
Ware.  Hanly,  resident  of  Illinois,  4». 
Warrajit,  for:  arrest  of  R.  Winston,  973, 

execution  of  slave,  97. 
Washington,     George,     memorial     lo, 

from  ].  Carroll.  509:    vanter  quar- 
ter* of,  at  Bond  Brook,  N.  J.,  75, 
Wathingtan    Obttrvtr,    n^emd   to,    J, 

n.  I. 
WalU,  Charles,  resident  of  Illinois,  433. 
Walts,   James,  tlgnx  contract  with  B. 

Tanllveau,  444- 
Walts,  John,  resident  of  Illinois.  433. 
Walts,  Robert,  biog-  nolice  of.  referred 

tD,433,n.  j;  rcsidentof  Illinol5,4ii; 

signs   contract    with    B.    Tardiveau, 

444- 
Wavie.    [Waire  ?1  George,  resident  of 

Illinois,  433;   signs  contract  with  B. 

Tardiveau,  443- 
Webb,  George,  letter  to.  from  J.  Mont- 
gomery, tqy. 
Wecya  (Wea)  Indians,  see  Ouiatanon 

Indians. 
West,  laajac  C,  resident  of  lUioois,  433; 

s])p»  contract  with   B.   Tardiveau, 

444- 
Western  Nations,  treaty  with,  at  FUls- 

bunc.  t.  I.  n,  3. 
West  FIorfd.i.  trade  of.  with  Illinois,  43. 
Wharton,  Samuel,  Vino  of  the  Title  to 

Indiana,  by,  referred  to,  9,  n.  », 
Wheat,  trade  in,  436. 
While,    letter   refrrred    to,   from:     P, 

Laogtois,  439.    B-   Tardiveau.   453; 

memorial  a   II.   Tardiveau  rcfcrreil 

to,  468,  471;   report  of,  on:    Illinois 


INDEX 


68i 


358,  J.  Lftsourte,  367.  J.  Mont^mrry, 
150,  U.  Morgan,  i,  I.  Todd,  ^, 
105:  RiinJon  of,  to  VtrKinia,  319, 
n-    I,  jao,   jaS,   369,    n.  i;    nWio! 

§o«(ed  by,  406,  n.  i;  offers  of,  in 
pdini^h,  375,  R.  t;  oppoution  to, 
344.  ,U4,  a-  i;  ordcre  election,  aCï!-, 
partner  of  P.  Kennedy,  3,  n.  i;  pel- 
try fund:  cnlnjMcH  to,  r4g,  taiccn 
ttom,  iQs;  petition  of  wife  of,  273, 
273:  petition  to.  from:  Court  ftt 
Ka»k*.*kia,  »68,  N.  Janis  aO*,  I'- 
Laniilois,  30S,  n.  i;  placard  o(,  on 
notariat,  360;  power  of,  359,  360, 
361,  J&6;  prodanulion  of,  to  IndUnn, 
156;  protest  of,  aKniiisl  arrest.  274; 
lents  lorge  of  G.  Ccrré,  roj;  retiufsi- 
tio«  of,  for  coroniiiaion  of  J.  L^- 
buxicrv,  357,  963,  965:  reports  di»- 
turbances  U>:  J.  Dodge,  tji,  offmi, 
So,  J.  Todd,  19s,  196;  mm  of,  ,148; 
signs:  as  witness.  60, 73.  contract  with 
R.  M'Cany  and  P.  Ptevost,  I44,petl- 
liûnloCourta(Kaskaakia,>9o;  strug- 
gle of,  with  Court  at  Kaskaskia,  357, 
358,  359,  360,  36i,  a6a,  365, 364;  sug- 
gests a p point mc lit  of  hsthsier,  ^04; 
sunutionedlocourt.43, 318, 367;suni- 
oioiu  magistrales  to  take  oaths,  305. 
J06;  nippUca  furnbhed  by,  150,  igi, 
»•  I,  34^;    IniinKNiy  vt.   J77,   97S, 


378,  n.  t,  379,  380,  9S1,  aSa,  393; 

translates  eertilicalc,    az;;    treason- 

al>le  conduct  of,  371,  373,  37^,  175, 

n.  t,  378,  379,  380,  381,  9S3,  383; 

wife  of,  I,  n.  I,  373,  373. 
Wisconsin  Hbtorû'jtl  Society,  CoUecitcns 

of,  leferrvd  tu,  16,  n.  1,  17.  n.  t,  j8,  q. 

3,  73.  n.  I,  104,  n-s-  iit.n.  1,383,0. 

I,  396,  n.  ». 
Wooti,  Charles,  resident  of  Illinois,  43i. 
Wood  River,  land  sales  on,  4<>9,  473, 

4R0,  483. 
Worley,  John,  resident  of  Illinois.  433. 
Worley.  Joseph,  Sr..  resident  of  Illlnoht 

413;    signs  contract  with   B.  Tardi* 

reau.  444. 
Worley,  Joseph,  Jr.,  resident  of  Illinois, 

Worley,  Samuel,  s^s  contract  with 
fi.  Tardiveau.  444. 

Worthinglon,  Captain,  raises  troojts  for 
G.  R.  Cbrk,  148;  mentioned.  76. 

Wyllys,  John,  letter  to,  from  J.  Ham- 
Iramck,  $04:  situation  in  North- 
west described  to,  506. 

Zeantcr,  Captain,  mrnlioned.  373. 
Zelbercer.    Reverend   D..  permitted  to 

open  letter,  loi;. 
Zipp.  Peter,  resident  of   Illinois,    433; 

signsconiract  with  D.  Tardii'eau,444. 


i