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INDUSTRY
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IIHELLIGEN CE
TORONTO PUBLIC LIBRARY.
Reference Departm ent.
THIS BOOK MUST NOT BE TAKEN OUT OF THE ROOM.
D c(' 9 1c)<':t
ROBERTSON'S
LANDMARKSoFToRONTO
A COLLECTION OF
HISTORICAL SKETCHES
OF THE OLD
TOWN OF YORK
From 1792 until 1837
AND Oi'
Toronto from 1834 to 19 08
ALSO
Three Hundred and Thirty Engravings of Places and keDea
in Toronto or in Connectioll with tbe City.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS.
FIFTH SERIES-COMPLETE.
RBPUBLI.f.HED FROM THE TORONTO" EVENING TELEORAM."
TORONTO:
J. ROSS ROBERTSON.
1908.
ICntered &OCorrHng to the Act of the Parliament of Ca.nada in the year one thousand nIne
hundred and eight, by J. Ros,,; ROREIU:;ON, at the Department of Agricultu..", Olta\\a.
. .,
,
Q)o
þ
OFC 8 1933
.., :
. . . .
, .
. -. .
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO,
OONTENTS_
CHAPTER L PAG_ I CHAPTER XIX. -PAO.
1'1I.
bts of a Century ............ 1 The HOlland Landing Anchor.... 64
CHAPTER II. CHAPTER XX.
'two Old Flags of Rebellion Time>> 8 First Exhibition Opened in 1846-
CHAPTER In. Crystal Palace of 1858 .....,.. 58
NoI'th york MiUtia ............ 11 CHAPTER XXI.
CHAPTER IV. An Important Plan .............. 61
GoWell. IÅ011, on King Street Bast 12 CHAPTER XXII.
CHAPTER V. The City in 1846 ............... 67
The Old Don Bridge ........,.. 14 CHAPTER XXIII.
CHAPTER VI. The Last Letter of Montcalm .... &9
Tu Original School Reserve .., 16 CHAPTER XXIV.
CHAPTER VII. Upper Canada College, 1830-1877. 71
Primitive Methods-Tools Used by CHAPTER XXV.
Red Men .. _ . . . . . . . . . ....... 18 The" Corner" in Little York, N.E.
King and Yonge Streets ...... '16
19 CHAPTER XXVI.
In the Days of Yorkville ........ 84
CHAPTER XXVII.
20 Noted Elections of the Past ...... 85
CHAPTER XXVIII.
21 Art in Historic Chair ........... 89
CHAPTER XXIX.
22 Coronation Chair ..........."..
CHAPTER XXX.
24 The Chair and the St.one of Scone 97
CHAPTER XXXI.
28 Interesting Memories, Hi!3torical
Chairs Connected with Canada 125
39 CHAPTER XXXII,
Wychwood Mission ............ 142
44 CHAPTER XXXIII.
Fifty Years at St. Lawrence Mar-
ket .............. _ . . . . . . . . ., 144
CHAPTER XXXIV.
The First in Toronto-Purchase
of Site of Present City ...... 150
CRA PTER XXXV.
A Forgotten Biographv-Henry
Blackstonp .................. 162
CHAPTER VIII.
The War of 1812 ..............
CHAPTER IX.
Tonge Street Sta
e Line .......
CHAPTER X.
Parliament Houses, 1796-1812 ...
CHAPTER XI.
OBgoode Hall Site ..,............
CHAPTER XII.
Btrdø in Provincial Museum ....
CHAPTER XIII.
Three Old Plans of York ,......
CHAPTER XIV.
An Old Hand Press ......,......
CHAPTER XV.
Plan of Military Reserve ........
CHAPTER XVI.
York a Century Ago (801)......
CHAPTER XVII.
AL About Legal Lights and An-
dent LighUl .............,... 47
CHAPTER XVIII,
Old St. Mark's, Niagara ......... ..9
46
iv
CONTENTS-
PAGJI
PAGE J
CHAPT
R XXXVI. I . CHAPTER LVI.
An Old Plan of LIttle York ...., 163 Old ParlIament Houses ..........
CHAPTbR XXXVII. I CHAPTER LVII.
Some Interesting ReHcs of War of An Oid Wharf-Maitland's
1812 .....,. - . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . .. 165
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
The Collectio.n at Annapolis-Flags
Captured from British Ships in
1812 ......... .... .. . ... 169
CHAPT
R XXXIX.
About the Old Press of 1792-1905.. 174
CHAPTER XL.
Hand Press Imported from Quebec
-Printed the U. E. Gazette... 176
CHAPTER XLI. A
Richey Block-Made into Factories 176
CHAPTER XLII.
Historical Exhibition of 1899 .... 180
CHAPTER XLIII.
Officials of the City. 1834-1907.... 271
CHAPTER XLIV.
Toronto 88 Years Ago, in 1818... 290
CHAPTER XLV.
The Old Fort at york.......,... 292
CHAPTER XLVI.
Railways and Queen Street West.. 295
CHAPTER XLVII.
Parliamentary Elections-Toronto
Electoral Divisions ........... 296
CHAPTER XLVIII.
Another Good Find - Describing
Town of York in 1816.. ...... 296
CHAPTER XLIX.
The First Plan of York ........., 300
(' HAPT J6 CHAPTER CXIV.
Royal Alexandra Theatre .... .. 681
!;oS CHAPTER CXV.
..
. Maple Leaf Emblem ....... 681
608 CHAPTER CXIV.
Memorials to Canadians in SaU.
616 bu.ry Cathedral .............. il3
CHAPTER CXVII.
514 Toronto in 1834 ................ 683
CHAPTER CXVIll.
i16 Toronto in 1828 ................. i8G
CHAPTER CXIX.
ill t Toronto in 1842 ................. W
497
501
504
ZLL USTRA TION"B_
PAGE
Yacht Ripple ................,.. 2
Yacht Oriol-e First ...,..,....... 3
Yacht White Wings ............ 4
Yacht White Wings, Stonehooker, 5
Countes
of Dufferin, yacht...,. ,
Yacht Atlanta .................. 7
Yacht Rivet .................... 8
Two Old Flags of RE'bellion Times. 10
Golden Lion, King Street East.. 13
Don Bridge, 1861 ............... 15
Plan of g,chool Resf'ryatfon in
Fir8't Town of York ........., 17
John Small'f\ Property .......... 22
Exact Si-te of First Parliament
Bui1dings .....,.............., 22
Osgoode HaM .,....,...,....... 23
Three Old Plans of York. ,. ,30-34- 38
Hand Press of Old Niagara.,.... 40
Printing Press of 1512.....,.... 41
Printing Press of 1720......,.... 43
Plan of Military Reserve... .opp. 44
Plan of York, 1801.......... opp. 46
Holland Landing Anchor ........ 55
Crystal Palace of 1868........... 58
Ground Plan of Crystal Pala.ce,
1858 ...".......,.""........ 59
Industrial Exhibition Building,
1876 ................."....... 60
Plan of Toronto ..."....... opp. 61
North Shore Toronto Harbor,
1846 ...................... opp. 67
Fac-simUe of Montcalm's Dying
Letter ........................ 69
Upper Canada College In 1834... 72
Upper Canada College-
Plan of Buildings, 187'7........ 73
Plan of Buildings, 1877-1891... 74
Dennis House, 1823 ...,........, 76
Ridout Building, King Street East,
1872 .......................... '78
Northeast Corner King and Yonge
Streets, 1908 .................. 80
Ground Plan North-east Corner
King and Y onge Streets, 1908.. 82
Y orkville Bell .................. 86
Coronation Chair .....,.......... 89
Vt estminster School Interior ..... 92
_ 'îronation Chair, Back of....... 94
OOronation Chair, Seat of........ 95
Masonic Chair .,........,.,...., 126
Goose & Gridiron Ale House,.. .126-7
Sign of the Goose & Gridiron.... 127
Canada Company Chair ......... 127
..AQX
Arm. of the Canada Company,... 1U
Pal-estine Chair ..... _ . . . . . _ . . . .. 1%8
Masonic Jewel, 'Royal Arch Mason. US
Upper Canada CollegQ Ohair and
ArIDIS ................",..... 1!9
Admiral Nelson's Chair ....,..., 131
Foudroyant, Man of Wa.r ........ 132
Bisbop Strachan's Chair .....,.., lU
City Hall, Toronto, 1844-1899..... 1M
Legislatlye Aæembly Chair ..,... 131
City Hall Chair ..............,. 1ST
Parliament Buildings, Toronto,
1832-1892 ..................... U1
Seal of Province of Upper Canada In
Seal of Province of Lowe!' Canada 138
ArIna, Masons' Comp8.D7, 1412.... 13i
LegislatÏYe Counell Chair ........ 138
Guild Chair ..................,. 139
Auldearn Churctl ..,............. 146
Auldearn Chair ................, 140
Auldea.rn Village ...,........... 140
St. Gabriel's Chair ..........,.. 141
St. Gabriel's Church, Montreal.,. 141
Wychwood Presbyteria.n Cbureh. 143
St. Lawrence Market, Front Street
Entrance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1ü
St. LawrencQ Market, East Side., 1
St. Lawrence Arcade ............ 147
St. Lawrence Market, West Side. 148
Plan of the "Toronto Purch8.Se"
from the IndianlS in 1787-1806.. li1
Town of York in 1816 .,........164
Mace of Upper Canada ......... 111
The British Lion ................ 161
Old Printing Press, 1792-1905.... 1'1.
Richey Terrace ............. .177-7-'
Plan of Old Fort at York. , . . . .opp. 293
Plan of York in 1818 ........ opp. IN
Plan of Queen Street Railway Ex-
tensi<>n ................... opp. .5
Plan of Electoral DiTision, Torol!-
to ........................ opp. 297
Plan of Toronto Harbor, 1816. opp. 291
First Plan of York ........ .opp. 3'01
Knox Church MaM-e, 1825......, 301
Kn<>x Ohurch Manse, 1906 ....... 303
Navy Hall on Niagara. River ..,. *
Hub! of Queen'. RangeN at
Queenston .................... _
Queen'. Rangers' Lodge Room in
York, 1795 ...........,......., 3()s
Oxen in York In 1795 ........... 31.
Schenectady Boat .... . . . . . . . . .. 312
viii
ILLUSTRA TIONS.
PA
E PAGE
King's Head Tavern, 1795 313 Old Buildings at the Lighthouse.. 365
House for TraveUers at Port Town of York from Island in 1818. 367
Credit, 1793..................317 Lighthouse at the Island........ 368
(]()vernmen.t Hou-se at Port Credit. 318 Lighthouse-Keeper's Home on To-
Robinson House, Bay Street 319 ran to Island _.........,....... 368
Emanuel Church., Toronto Island. 32() View of Niagara. 1807........... 372
Christ Church, Mimico .........321-2 Light house at Niagara, 1805.14... 373
Queen Street West, Toronto, 1851. 323 George Duman .................
74
Old Parliament Houses ..,....... 324 Lantern Cage of Island Lighthouse 377
Maitland's
Wharf, 1850 ...,..... 325 Island Lighthouse, 1907 ......... 379
Plan of Castle Frank..,.....,... 326 An Old Shutter, Toronto Island.. 380
Old Fort, 1851............,..... 327 Primitive Stairway, Toronto Island 381
''lap of City of Toronto. 1851. .opp. 328 Pion
r Fire Place, Toronto Island 382
PlaR of York, 1812-] 813. . . . . . . . '. .329 Old Signal Lights, Toronto Island 383
York Harbor from Queen's Wharf. J32 An Old Swing, Toronto Island.... 384
Mimico
lethodist Church........ 333 Captain McSherry ,....".....38(:-90
Block House in Yorkville........ 336 The Lakeside Home ,....,..".. 387
St. John's Presbyterian Church. 33',-8-9 Toronto Lighthouse ...........,. 387
Old Plan of Toronto... _ . . . . . 340 {Tpper Canada College. Coat of
Ewart's Wharf ................. 340 Arms....... .... ............. 392
Yonge Street ToHgate, 1830-1865. 341 South-east Corner King and Bay
!\Iission Union Chestnut Street.. 345 Streets, 1868-76 ............... 393
Mission Union, Herrick Street... 346 Plan of Port Credit. .... ... . .OPI). 396
Mission Union, College Street.... 346 Plan of Port Credit .,..,..... Opl. 398
Mis
ion Union, 8ackvilJe Street.. 347 Port Credit Harbor ............ .402-3
Christi&.n \Vorkel's' Church....,. 347 Old School House, Port Cred;t .... 404
St. Leo's Church, Mimico....... 348 Orange Hall, Port Credit ........ 404
Presbyterian Church, Mimico.... 350 i Sh
w's Hall, Port 0redit ......,. 405
M(.morial J-Iall, Niagara.......... 351! Wilcox Hotel, Port Credit........ 405
Queen's Park ................,. 2531 81. Mary's Church, Port Credit... 406
St. Lawrence Square.....,....,. 354 Chief's House. Indian Village, Port
Horticultural Gardens ...,....... :-:54 Credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 40ï
Allan Gardens ..........,....... 354 Trinity Church, Port Credit....., 407
Carlton Park ...,.,.........,... 354 Shaw Residence, Port Credit. . . .. 408
Clarence Square ....,..,..,.,.,. 354 James Robinson Shaw .......... 409
Bellwoods Park ..,............. 355 I Presbytcrian Chmch, Port Credit. 410
High Park ..................... 35fi I Methodist Church. Port Credit. ... 411
Leslie Grove .,................. 355 Lynd House, Port Credit. . . . . . . .. 412
I
land Park ...........,.... opp. 355 I Hamilton HOllse, Port Credit..... 413
Stanley Park ......,........... 356 I Grafton Cottage, Port Credit..... 414
Exhibition Park ....,........... 356 Wilbur House. Port Credit....... 414
Garrison Common ..,.......... 35,ß Pirie Cottage, Port Credit....... 41fi
BeHevue Square .."....,.,.... 357 Jesse Ketchum Hall, Davenport
Bayside Park ......,............ 357 Road. . . . . . .. ............... 420
Harbor Square ............,.... 357 Interior of Jesse Ketchum Hall.. 42J
Memorial Park ....,............ 357 I Plan of Nlilitary Reserve, To-
Reservoir Park ................. 3581 ronto, 1837 ................ opp. 426
Riverdale Park ................. 358, John H. Dunn .................. 427
Alexandra Park ......,..........
58 I Isaac Buchanan .........427, 428, 429
Cottingham Square ......,...... 359 1 : The '\Yest End Skating Rink _.... 446
Exhibition Extension ....,.... _. :Hí!j Drawing Room of the 'Widder
Harbord Play Grounds ....,..... 359 Residence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 447
Dovercourt Parh ............... 360 I Mrs. William Vine .............. H
St. Andrew's Square ...,........ 360: Butcher's Arms Tavern .......... -if \
St. Patrick's Square .......,.... 360 I Milton Mills on the Humber. . . . .. d
Moss Park...................... 361 Interior of New Jerusalem Church 9.';!
Ramsdetl Park....,............. 361 I Interior of Agnes Street Methodist
Rice Lewis _.................... 361: Chnrch . . . _ . . _ _ . . . . .. 454
Rice Lewis &: Co. Warehouse 1848 362 I Interior of St. Basil's R.C. Church 455
Wellington House .............. 362 Interior of CatholiC' Apostolic Ch. 456
ILLUSTRATIONS.
ix
PAGE PAGE
Intprior of St. James' Cathedral.. 457 Interior of Charles Street Presby-
Intprior of Bond Street Congrega- teri&n Church ................ 487
tiùnal Church ................ 458 Interior of St. James' Cemetery
Interior of Elm Street Methodist I Chapel. . . . . . .. .... .......... 487
Ch
lrch ....................... 459 1 Interior of St. Michael's Cathe-
InterIOr of Our Lady of Lourdes I dral, R.C. . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . .. 488
Roman Catholic Churc
........ 460 Interior of East Presb) terian
Inter,or of St. Andrew' .Tarvls Church ........ . . . . . . . . . . . ., 489
street ......... .............. 461 I Interior of Xorthern Congrega-
Interior of Knox Church ....... - 462 I tional Church ................ 489
Interior of Jarvis Street Baptist InterIOr of Cooke'::; Church ...... 49J
Church ....................... 463: Interior of Ale
ander Street
Interior of Richmond St. Method- I Baptist Church ............... 490
ist Church .................... 464 Interior of St. Paul's Church, R.C. 491
Interior of St. John the Eyangelist ! Interior of College Street Ba])tist
Church .... _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 465' Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
12
Interior of Sherbourne Street : Interior of Beverley Street Baptist
Methodist Church ............. 465 I Church. . . . . . . . .. ............ 493
Interior of German Lutheran Illlterior of' Parliament Street
Church .... _ . . . _ ............. 466 :\lethodlst Church .....,...... 494
Interior of Bloor Street. Baptist : Interior of Reformed úpiscopal
Church ....................... 467 I Church. . . . . . . . . . .. ........ 485
Interior of Erskine Presbyterian I Interior of 'West Presbyterian
In
e
h of . Q.l;e'
. sÚ
i - B
pÙ
t 468 1 Vi
hSk
ti
. ÍÚ
i{, . i863 . : : : :: :
Church (Colored) ............. 469 I The Crystal Palace 1
;-;8-1866 ... 502
Interior of St. .Tames' Square Pres- I Ground Plan of Cr),:;tal Palace... 503
byt.erian Church .............. 470 Toronto :\Iilitary Re"ir" Oct. 8th,
InterIor of Grace Church .. _ _. _. 471 1863. . . . . . _ . . . . . . .opr. 504
Inte.rior of Jewish Synagogne, _ I TorOl
to
Ii1itary Review, Oct. fth,
RIChmond street .............. 4/2 186ù. . . . . . . . . .. .......... opp. 505
Interior of Carlton Street Method- Yacht "Zorava" ............... 507
ist Church. ...... ..... ........ 473 Yacht "Temèraire" .,.......... 507
Interior of Berkeley Street : Yacht "Iroquoi::;" .............. 507
Methodist Church ............ 474 George Duggan's Hou
"3, King and
Interior of Central Methodist Ch. 475 I George Streets ............... 509
Interior of St. l\Iatthew's Church. 475 I St. John.s Presbyterian Church. 511
Interior of Ho]:" TJ inity Church. !ï6 1 ' Commandant's Quarters, Fort at
Interior of Parliament Street York, 1823 ...................5] 2-3
Baptist Church. . . . . . . . . . . .. ... 477
ueen's Hotel, 1860 .............. 5]5
Interior of St. Paul's Church, Interior of St. Paul's Hall ....... ;)Hì
Bloor street .................. 478 1 St. Paul's Hall, Yongè Street .". 517
Interior of Central Presbyterian 'Weston Illustrated .... .. . .518-30
Church ....................... 479 I Wadsworth MiJl. Weston ........ 518
Interior of Unitarian Church. . . .. 480: Denison Burying Ground, Webton 519
Inter
or of Trinity Chu:ch ...... 480 i St.
ohn's Burying Ground, Weston
;:
Intenor of Hazelton Avenue Con- I Town Hall, \Veston .. ..... .... .1_'
gr
g
tional. Chu:Ch ....:..;....... 481 Old.est
ouse in 'Webton ........ :)
1
InterIm of \\ estel n Congl ebatlon- I 1\1am Stl eet, Weston ............ 522
al .Church ... ......:..,....... 481 1 O
d Public Sch
ol, Weston ..... - ;j
InterIor of St. Patnck s R.C. HIgh School. "eston .......,... 523
Church .
..........._......... 482 Public School. \\Teston. old...... 523
Interior of St. Helen's R.C. Church 482 .Main Street, 'Weston ............ 52;)
Interior of Zion Congregational St. Phillip's Church. Weston ..,. 526
Church ....................... 483 St. Phillip's Rectory, Weston .... 527
lnterior of College Street Presby- St. John's Church, Weston ...... 52
terian Church ................ 484 Roman Catholic Church, Weston. 52R
Interior of St. Luke's Church .... 485 Presbyterian Church, Weston. ... 52!'
Interior of Queen Street ...detho- Methodist Church, Weston ...... 530
dist Church ...,.............. 486 Korth Shore of Toronto, 1846. opp. 53]
x
ILLUSTRA TIONS.
PAGE
Toronto, East End in 1837 ...... 533
Bloor Street Brewery and Block-
house ........... ............ 535
Atbert Street Block, West End... 536
Albert street Block, East to James
Street .......... .. . . . . . . . . ., 537
Plan of Toronto Harbor.... .opp. 538
Plan of Toronto and Suburbs in
1834 ......... ............ opp. 562
'Wellington Buildings, King Street
mas" ........... ............. 540
.. The First" Baptist Church
(colored), University Avenue.. 5
Alpxandra School, Blantyre (2
e:\Ita) ......... .. _ . . . . . . . . . . .' 565
Old Partiament B\iilding, Front
Stree
1902 .................. 567
OJd Parlia.ment Building, Main
Staircase. Centre Building .....
68
Old Parliament Bunding, Recep-
tion Room, Main Building ..... 568
Old Parliament Building, Corridor
and VestibQ)e, East Wing..... 569
Old Parliament Huilding, Rear En-
trance of Main Building, from
Wellington Street ............ 569
Old Parliament Building, Rear of
W
rn Wing ............... 569
Old Parlia.ment Building, Smoking
RO, Niagara ...,.......52. 5:3 1-'lan of Toronto, 1842........... 6]
MorrisoJ1, J. C.. .. .. ....... ....... 261 Plan of york............ .28, 290, 300
Morris, James .............,..... 139 Playter Bridge ...,............. 14
Morse. H. J., & Co. ..,.."....., 577 Playter, George ........,.....20, 589
Moss Park Rink. .......,..,.,.. 33 Playter, Stages.................. 20
Moss, Th0mas .............,..,.. 264 Presbyterian Church, Mimico.... 350
Mosquito Sloop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. 3 Presbyterian Church, "'pston, first
Mulock, William, Sir ...".,..... 264 members. . . . . . . . . 530
Museum, Normal Rchool ......... 176 Presbyterian Pastor, "'''ton. . .. 530
Press of the Olden Time........ 39
, Prevost, George, Sir ............ 239
250 Prima Donna Yacht ..........,.. 2
514 Primitive Tolls ................. 18
16 1 ' Prince Edward District ......... 150
Prince of 'Wales .. _ . . . . . . . . . . . f.0
N. I Printing Press of 1792 ........ lí4
National Cjub ................... 319 Privat, Louis ................. 532
Navie Yacht ............ ....... 2 ! Provincial Agricultural Association
Navy Hall .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . . . .. 304 i Officials, 1858 ........... 501
Nelson Chair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 1 Provincial Exhibition ......... 58
Nelles, S. S., Rev. ............... 265 Provincial Museum. .. . . . . . . . . . .. 24
Niagara, Fort .. _ . .. _........... 19 Provincial Museum, Rare Birds in 25
Niagara Hi!'>torical 10Iuspum ...... 351 I Port Credit History .. _ .... 394, 415
Niagara Marriag(' R('('ords ....... 51 Post Jordan ... ... ... ........
94
!'o(iagara MODlPl1pnts .......... .52, 53
Powell, Residence .............. 63
oIoJotes and Qm
ries ............. 113 1 Powell, Walker, Col ........... 246
!'oiorlllal School l\1useum . . . . . . . . .. 175 Powell, \Vm. Dummer ......, _ _ 190
North York Militia, Officers of. . . . 11 Public School, Weston, first .... 526
I Q.
561 Queen Eleanor ................. ] 05
11 Queen's Hotel .................. 514
242 Qupen's 'Wharf ................ 45
l\1c.
McCaul, Dr., Rev. ................
McGaw, Mrs. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
McGill Property .................
o
Officers First Choral Society ....
Officers N orth York Mililtia ....
O'Hara, Colonel .... ,... . - . . . .
GENERAL INDEX.
Xy
R. PAGR ' PAGE
Race Course, St. Leger ......... 67 Sherwood, Henry ................
G
Ravine Block House ............ 299 Sir Robert Peel, St6alil<'>I" ".,.... 247
Ranavata Monjaca ,.......,..... 2 Site of Toronto ................. ] 50
Records of York ............... 288 Skinner Timothy ............... 4
Q
Rees, I7t. .............,...,...,. 531 Snlall, é. C. .....,.............. 1%
Rees' Wharf.................... 61 Small, John ................. .21, 533
Reford, William ................ 508 Smith Larratt W. ...,....... .12, 263
Reindeer Brig .,................ 169 Smyth, D. W. .,..............,. 2S
Relics of Capture of York. .. . . ... 8 Society Law ................,.,. lit
Reserve, Original School ........ 16 Sovereign, Steamer ..,.......... 51
Revere House ....,............. 9 Sphinx Yacht ................., 2
Riall, General .................. 19 Stages: Yonge Street ........... %0
Rich, C. H., Rev. .............. 5
Stanley Barracks ............... 62
Richey, John ......,.............179 Stanley, Dean ..............105,125
Richey, Terrance ............... 176 Steamer Dispatch. Loss of ...... 234
Ric:hey, Terrace, residence .... 178, 179 Steamer Sir Robert Peel ........ 247
Ridout, Aikenhead & CrombIe ... 576 Stegmann, John ................ 46
Ridout Bros. .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Stennett, Walter, Rev. .......... 250
Ridout, Thomas ..,............ 56
Strachan, John, Rey. ....... _ . . .. 508
Ridout Property ............... 1 Streets in York, 1801 .,......... 46
Ripple, Yach .............."... 2 Surveyor-General Collins .....28, 160
Rivet Yacht ................. .2, 7 Sydenh"m Lord 259
Robe
tson, J. Ross, HIstorical Co 1- Sykes, J. :,......:::::::::::::::: 5
1
lections ... . : . .. ...: .. 184, 253 Symons, John ................... 576
Robinson, FredrIck P., SIr ...... 237
Robinson House ................ 319 T.
Robinson, J. B. .......... . . . .. 24 C II I 9 C)A4!I
Rolph Collection of Pictures ..... 189 Talbot Historical 0 ect on. ..1 9,
'J
Romaine, c. E. ............... 88 farratt, Joseph ................. 7!
Roman Catholic Church, Mimico.. 348 ' Tecums
h .......,.,..,..,....... 242
Rossin House ................" 64 Te';lleralre Ya
................ 5
Rouille Fort ....,....,......... 32 T
Ir
Y?rk !,hhtIa, Colors of. . . . ..
31
Rowntree David ............... 521 I Tmnmg sPIer ................62, n31
Russell Åbbey ................. 532 Thompson, Charles Poulett ..... 259
Ryerson, Egerton, Rey. .,..,.... 265 Thompson, E. E...........,....,. 564
R on l\'Iiltary Collection ..... 183 1'homson E. W. .................. 87
yers S Toll Gates of York and TheIr
. .. Keepers. - . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .341. 344
Saginard, Yacht ................
Toronto Aldermen ...........272. 288
Saint Andrew's Church .......... 58J Toronto Bay in 1819 ........,... _ 330
St. Catharines Salt Springs ..... 314 Toronto Blòckhouses .,.,........ 534
St. Edward's Chair ............. 99 Toronto Civic Officials ..,....271, 288
St. Gabriel's Chair ............. 141: Toronto Council1ors ..... _... .272, 279
St. John's River ......"......., 33 I Toronto Cricket Grounds ........ 67
St. Lawrence Hall ............. 144 Toronto Electoral Divisions ...., 296
St. Lawrence Market ........... 144 Toronto Gap, Eastern ........... 36
St. Lawrence Market, Tenants in. Toronto Harbor............,.,.. 28
144, 145 I Toronto Harbor, North Shore.... 67
St. Leger Race Course........,. 67 foronto Mavors .,........,. .272, 288
St. Mark's, Niagara ............. 49 Toronto, PIån of ................ 61
Scadding, H., Rev. ...........252, 589 I Toronto Poll Book of 1841 ...,... 423
Schooner Highflyer ............. 170 Toronto Public Library Historical
School Res:::rve ................. 16: Collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204, 231
Scott, J. M. P.. Rev. .........335, 339 I Toronto, Purchase, First from
Scollard Street ................. 85 I Indians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 160
Scone, Stone of .............101, 1121 Toronto, Yacht ................1, 317
Sea Gull, Yacht . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Toronto in 1846 .....,........... 67
Secord. Laura .................. 184 Toronto in 1851 ................. 330
Selkirk Rioters .,............... 76 Town of York .................. 288
Sewell, Justice ................. 201 Townsbead, Colonel ......,..... 70
xvi
GENERAL IXDEX.
P .-\f:J': I
Townshead, Marquis ..,......... 70! Wentworth Militia .-
TO\\ nship of Dublin.............. 28 i \Veston's First Council
Trf'aty of Sale of Toronto Sitf'.1;)3, 162 , Weston High School ...........
Trema)ne, F., Rev. ............. 3
2' .Weston High School, First Board
Trinity Col]ege School Founded.. 524: Weston H.igh School F.Otll
ded"" .
Troops in Military Review, 1863..504-6 i 'Weston HIgh School Prmcipais
Trl1:;::tt>es of Kf'tchum Hall.,..... 423 1 Weston High. School Pupils .....
Tyrrell, William.......,.,.....,. 521 Weston PublIc School ..........
U
estm!nster Abbey ............
. \, estmmster School . - . . . . . . . . . .
Union Pt>rmanent Building & Sav- I \\Thitewings Cup ................
ings Society .................. 578 I \Vhitewings, Yacht .............
tJppf'r Canada Col]ege ........... 71: vVickson, Samuel ...............
Upper Canada C'ollpge Ch:Ür ...89, 12ó i Widder, Frederick . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Upper Canada College Coat of I \Vidmer Dr. ...... . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arn"'s .........................
921 Wideaw
ke, Yacht ..........,..
trpper Canada College, Plans of.. 71, 74 1 ' Williams. \V. F. ................
tIpper Canada College in 1830 .." 71 Wilson Daniel, Sir .,.,..........
Upper Canada Collegf' in 1877 .... 71 \ \Vorts
nd Gooderham. . . . .. . . . . .
Uvper Canada Gazf'tte ..... ..... 43 Wyatt Collection of Mpdals ...] 83,
l1pper Canada, ParliamE:nt, FIrst,. 2f1 Wychwood Mission, Pa!"tors and
Trustees .................
PAGE
244
521
524
524
524
524
524
526
97
92
5
3,5
84
446
534
2
241
262
534
231
V.
Vale Pleasant ................... 583
Vessels. English, Captured by the
Americans in ]812-14....... .171, 174
Victoria University Faculty ..... 263
Vine, Wililam ........,...,..... 448
Voter51 in 1841 Election ...... 43\), 443
142
Y.
Yacht IroquoIs .......,.......... 506
Yacht Temeraire ....,..,........ 506
Yacht Zoraya ................... 506
Yachts in 1855 ................., 5
Yonge Street Construction.. . . ,.. 20
W Y onge Street Stages ............ 20
Y onge Street Wharf ........... 62
Wadsworth, Charles ............ 518 Yonge and King Street Corner.. .5
Wadsworth, Thomas ...,."..... 518 Yonge and King Street Corner,
Wadsworth, William ............ 518 Residents of .................. 75
Wakefield Au('tion Mart ........ 79 Yonge and King Street Corner in
Walker & Hutcheson .,.......". 12 1823. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Walker & Son ................. 13 York Chambers ,................ 49
Walker, Thomas ............... 12 York Garrison .................. 315
Wales, Prince of ..,............. 60 York, Plans of .................. 28
War of 1812 .., .19, 16ú, 169, 174, 183 York, Town of .................. 288
Warren, M. .................... 634 York in 1793 Plan of ........... 300
42 '
York in 1801 ................... 46
2 York in 1818 ................... 290
43 Yorkville &>11 .......,.."."". Sf>
53] YorkviHe "Busses" .............. 84
2 1 YorkvilIe Council 1859 ...,...... 516
84 Vorkville Reformation Society... 425
179 Yorkville Total Abstinence So('iety 425
179
244 Z.
20 I Zora,ya Yacht ................... 506
Washington Press ....,....,....
Water Lily, Yacht ...,..........
Waters and Symons ............
Waterworks Wharf ..,.......68,
Wave, Yacht ..,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Webster, A. F. ..................
'Weekes-Dickson, duel ..........
Weekes. William ...............
Wells, Frederick, Colonel ..,....
Weller, \Villiaffi ,...........,...
PREFACE
This is the fifth volume of the series known as Robertson's Landmarks of
Toronto, a collection of 2,927 printed pages in book form giving a detailed
record of the city's life since it started its career in 1792 with a population of
six or eight Mississaga Indians, who camped o,!l the bay front close by the
lIite now occupied by the {;.1Ïon Station The collection also comprises nearly
1,200 engravings.
The wide-spread interest in the early Ufe of Toronto is attested by the
reception accorded to the previous volumes of Landmarks. The first volume
is no longer obtainable, and there are less than a hundred U1l80ld copies of the
succeeding three volumes.
This publication is the first attempt ever made to give in such extensive
Corm a history of any Canadian city, and were it not that the type from which
the volumes are printed was first used in the columns of the Toronto Evening
Telegram, it would be absolutely impossible to give the volumes at the price
at which they are now offered.
Whilp diligent search has been made among countless manuscript in the
libraries of the Dominion, and especially of Ontario, the larger part of the in-
formation found in the Landmarks comes from the lips of pioneers, many of
whom have passed away, and many of whom were in the yellow leaf when
twenty years ago I made my first notes for this collection.
It is sometimes asked why the chapters of the Landmarks are not chrono-
logically more continuous. T}1e reply to this query is simply that these
Landmarks had to be written and published as the information came to hand,
and as each chapter is a complete story in itself there was no necessity for
chronological continuity.
Of course it would be better if the series had opened and had been COll-
tinued as a year-in-and-year-out history of York and Toronto from the day that
the harbor was first surveyed and the plot of the original town laid out. But
to do so would have been simply impossible, for the matter in each chapter
came to hand at various times, yes, at long intervals in the twenty-five years
that have passed since the first Landmark appeared in the columns of The
Evening Telegram.
This is shown by the publication of one chapter concerning the history of
the city in 1805, Chapter CVI., Vol. V. The manuscript on which this chapter
was based was not discovered by me till 1908, and there are scores of other
similar finds written up under exactly the same conditions.
Should some future historian have the courage to write a eontinuous story
of the city, to tell the story of the pioneer Town of York from 1792, and of
Toronto from 1834, he will assuredly not lack for material. The series of
Landmarks now reaches its fifth volume, but there remain many records of
the city's early life that it would require at least as many volumes more to
complete. In my collection of engravings of Toronto there are at least three
hundred which have not yet been written up.
While I claim accuracy for the subject matter of the Landmarks, yet I
freely admit that there may be many errors in compilation, and for that reason
IViit
PREFACE,
'"
I hope that at some not distant day these volumes may be revised and printed
in better form than at present.
This volume is one of the most interesting of the series. The find of the
early maps and plans of the city, of the Old Fort and of the city front, give a
better idea of York and Toronto in its early days than any manuscript docu-
ments that have so far come to light.
The discovery of these dráwings is in the main due to the excellent work
of that prince of Hbrarians and collectors, Dr. .Arthur G. Doughty, the archivist
ef the Dominion. To his effort is due the magnificent collection in the Archives
Department, Ottawa, while the find of many of the local plans and manuscripts
i
due to the untiring energy of Dr. James Bain of the Toronto Public
Library. His knowledge of the early history of the city afforded by the
voluminous coIIf'ction of early records, which with dogged perseverance he
h&ø accumulated, has added much not only to the interest of this volume, but
to the preceding Tolumelil of the Landmarks.
This volume is commended not only to those who possess the preceding
'olumea, but to new readers, who, it is to be hoped, will be interested in the
history of the city of their habitation and business, a city, which, in a very feW'
years, will probably be, as far as population and resources are concerned, the
leading e1ty of not only the province of Ontario. but of the Dominion of Canada.
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO
VOLU
IE v.
CHAPTER I.
YACHTS OF A CENTURY.
Old Time Sailors-An Interesting
Article on Some of the Yachts and
Yachtsmen of Sixty Years Ago.
For over a century have tb.ue been
yachts on Lake Ontario. It is only
Bince 1850 or thereabouts, however, that
the white \\ings have been very num-
erous upon the hlue waters. The Duke
of Rochefoucault de Liancourt. writing
of the marine of Lake Ontario in lí95,
mentions "& small yaeht of eighty tons,
mounting six guns." She was prob4b-
ly only a revenue cutt
r. No particu-
Jars are given about her, other than
that she was attached to the fleet at
King5ton.
In the Upper Cana.da Ga.zette of
Sept. 14, 1799, the following announce-
ment appears :-"The 1'oronto Yacht,
Captain Baker, will, in the COUTse of a
fe" da
. be ready to make "her first
trip. She is one of the handsomest
\ essf'ls of her size that ever swam upon
the Ontario. anJ if we are permitted to
ju:Jge from her appearance, and to
o
her justice, we must say she bids fall'
to be one of the swiftest sailing ves-
sels. She iB admirably well calculated
for the exception of pa8Sßngers. and
can with proprietry boast of the most
experienced officers and men. Her
master-builder is a Mr. Denison, an
American, on whom she reflects much
oredit. "
"
hat the Toronto Yo.cbt was like or
where she was built, we are not told.
She is frequently mentioned in the Ga-
zette. On Saturday, Mày 17, If!OO, we
are told of
e arriva.l of "his K-.::cel-
lency Peter Hunter, Esq., Lieut.-Gov-
ernor and Com.mand
r-in-ehief of the
province, In the toronto." Sb(' is men
tioned in a similar connectiun seveTal
times afterwards. On October 11th.
1806, we lea.rn that Go
Gore
crossed from York to N Ï.ag"dora, in the
Toronto Yacht pre.suwdb!y, in four
hours. a smart passage for a øailing
vessel evpn to-day. The Toronto Yacht
went ashoJ."e on the Island sandbar
eàrly in the summer of 1812, and her
frames remained protruding from the
sand for many years. She was com-
manded successively by Capt. Baker,
Capt. Earl anet (4pt. Fish.
On June 7, 18?8, the Loyalist men-
tions another yacht. "His Majesty's
schooner Cockburn, bearing the broad
pennon of Commodüre Barrie, entered
this port on :Monday . last. The y8.(}ht
Bullfrog was in company with the
Cockburn." No description of the
Bullfrog is given. In October, 1828, the
arrival of Sir Peregrine Maitland in
the Bullfrog is noted. She appears to
have been a vessel used for the same
purposes as the Toronto yacht.
&< The Bullfrog. yard boat, of about
60 tons, nearly new and completely
rigged, and well fUl"nished in every
respect," is advertised fo
sale in 1834, ·
among an extensive 8.88Ortment of
na val stores.
In the Toronto Courier, of May 28.
1836, the following advertisement ap-
pears: "The we] I known Government
built cutter, Bullfrog, about 40 tons
burthoo, with aU her running and
standing rigging complete, a.nd in good
sailing order, will be sold very low
for cash or approved endorsed notes
for half
he purChase money. For par-
ticulars apply to Burke & O'Neil, To-
ronto. ..
This cutter mayor ma'y not have
n " the Bullfrog yard boat. of about
60 tons burthen," before referred to.
In the public sale of naval stores at
Kingston dockyard. June 27, 1836, Utbe
Cockburn schooner, 70 tons, paid off
in 1834, with her masts and spars; al80
the Bullfrog. tender of 60 tons, with
her sails and rigging in øt
" are of-
fered for sale.
I
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
Besides the Toronto and the Bull- Breeze-C. Heath.
frog there was at least one other Bell&-C. Gildersleeve, Kingston.
yacht around Toronto, or ra.ther York, NaVle-Messrs. ELrick and Arm-
in the early .. thirties." This was the strong.
Dart, a small cutter-rigged craft, Prima Donna-S. Munro, J. Hamil.
owned by the Bon, John Elmsley, R.N. ton.
The York Sapper and Miner, of October Glance
. Oliver, Cobourg; G. iIawke,
25, 1832, bas the following advertise- ']'oronto.
ment: .. For sale, the fast sailing cut- 'Vater Lily-Commodore Durie,
tel' Dart, 22 1-2 tOtlS burden, with or Arrow-Mr. \Yallace, of Cobourg.
without rigging, sails and other fur- \Vìdeawake--J. Elliott., Cobourg; B.
niture. For particulars enquire of the StanJ.ley.
Hon. John Elmsley." I Rippl&-Messrs. Junes and Blake.
The Da.rt was one of the smartest Foam
r. Greene, Mr. Armstrong.
boats of her day, and was built at Sea Gull-J. H M:aingay. HamiltOD.
York by a. Mr, Purki.s. Ran,avata Monjaca-E. Blake.
1t
Mr. Wm. Armstrong, a well known
local artist, who has been identified
with the Royal Canfl.Ò.ian Yacht Club
from th
beginning, furnishes the fol-
lowing list of yachts. It gOM back as
far as 1850, and ext.ends
s far as the
time of the well known \Vhite \Vings:
lroquOis-Captaln Strachan, Major
Magrath.
Canada (I)-George Cruiks.hank, Ald.
Bhf-.rwood.
Bochelaga-Captain Deia teur.
Norah Creina-M'ijor M,tgrath.
Cherokee-Dr. Hodder.
Emerald-Sir H. Dall ymple and offI.
('ers of the 71st Higbland Light Infan-
try.
Wave-J. T. Robertson.
Kestrel-J. H. G. Hagarty.
Fairy- T. Begley. J. T. Roberleon.
Rivet-Messrs. Dickson, Hamilton.
Elmsley et aJ.
Geraldine-Dr. Hodder.
C'oral-J. Matthews.
Sea Gull-\V'yatt and Dodge.
Breeze-Dr. Hodder.
Saginaw-A. Cambia.
:.\rackinaw SA-W'. Armstrong.
GOTilla-Capt Gifford, Cobourg; R.
Stãndley.
Foam-Anderson Brothers.
Sphill'x-l\fr. Sampson. Mr. MOl gan
Ida-George Eadie.
Canada (2)-Mr. Carpenter.
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
3
Ina-T. McGaw, Co1. Shaw. winner, was built at Cobourg in 1862,
Annis-Co!. Shaw. and rebuilt ten years la.ter. She won
Alarm-Col. Grasett. the Prince of 'Vales' Cup in 1862, 18133,
Escape-Capt. Murra:y, F. A.. Turner, 1864 and in 1872. The schooner yacht
Oriolf' (l)-J. Leys, G. Gooderham. Ripple was anolher famous cup winner.
Counless of Dufferin-Syndicate. She was built in 1865 for :Mr. E. Blake,
Iris-Mr. Read. and carried off the Proince of 'Vales'
Mad Cap--Commodore A. R. Boswell. Cup twice in succession. She was
Cygnet-To McGaw. broken up in 1870. The Prince of
Atalanta-Mr. Ayres, Brighton. Wales' Cup was wrested from her in
"
hite \Qngs-Aemilius Jarvis. 186
by the schooner Geraldine, a
Of the yachts mentioned in the list yar.ht owned by the late Dr. E. M.
m1.ny are scaroely n.Jw even a memo Hodder, at one time commodore of the
ory. The first Canada was of 25 tons Royal Canadian Yacht Club, She was
burden, and, at the time of the Prince I of 28 tons burden, and was a familiar
of 'Vales' visit to Canada, was the larg- figure in Toronto harbour for fifteen
est yacht. in the fleet of the Canadian yea rs or more. Cherokee was another
-
..--
\,
Yacht Clu'b, too present R. C. Y. C. yacht ow:ood. by Dr. HoJder. She was
The Sea Gull, Arrow and Rivet were lone of the Canadian Yacht Club's
of 17 tons or so. Commo'iore Durie's craft when the club was organized.
w.att
I' Lily and J. T. Robertson's Dart She passed into the hands of Mr. C.
we;re two or three tons sm,dlu. Prima H. Sampson in 1872. A third yacht
Donna and Glance came under the sec- owned by Dr. Hodder was the unfo"-
cmd class of the club-ten tons and un- tunate 8100 Breeze, that was lost off
der. Prin1a Donna won fame for herself the mauth of the Humher RIver.
in tOO regatta of Octoher 2. 1858, wh'3n The sloop Mosquito of 12 tons bur-
she defeated Wave and the rest of the dt'n. was among the craok yachts of
fleet, with 8 minutes
nd 24 seconds I Toronto in 1
69, and WOLl the Prince
to spare. The \Videawake was a little of 'Vales' Cup that year. The trophy
four-tonner, built on the Gene<;spe for was won by a IS-ton cutter named
:Mr. 1. Elliott. of Cobourg, She won' the Ida, owned by Mr. George Eadie,
the first Prince of \Vales' Cup race, in 1870.
6aile.d in 1861. The Gorilla, a 28-ton I The little Mad Cap is a yacht that
Bloop, aoother Prince of Wales CuD will dwell long in the memory of local
4
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
The name of t
e yacht Oriole is a: ham, and was Lnoken up in 1.886. after
household word in Toronto, and Mr. I ' a very successful career. She was
G. ç;.
derham's magnificent racing and succeeded by tfhe present grand
errnsing sehooner is a very familiar ,
figure in the harbour. She is the se- s?hoonel: yacht of the
me name. The
cond schooner to bear the name she fIrst Onole had few rIvals a.s a racer,
honours. The first Oriole was built in but when
\rr. W. G. Gooderham's cut-
Toronto in 1873, from the designs of tel' Aileen was brought out her days
Mr, Carey Smith. She was schoonpr were numbered.
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
ð
The following list of the club fleet in Mr. .Tarvis slId the White 'Vings to
1855 i.s furnished by Ur. Armstrong: a Hamilton syndicat!, composed of
:ì\Iess,s Lester, Birley, Chambrook,
Albacore-Mr. Stow. T wns.!nd, et aI. She was raced with
Prima Donna-S. Munro. varying sucoess up to 1891, when she
Osprey-Mr. Green. WUB agam s 11d. She over-run her an-
Challcnge-J. Arnold. chJr, in lh. .\Utumn of 1892, when at-
Lone
tar-)Il". Pardy. tempting t. bring up in very Sh3l1oW
Rosa-J. Cameron. water near 'VilsJn,
.Y. She was taken
Jenny Lind-'3. Sherwood, to Port Credit for repairs, and shortly
Ariel-l\fr. Reid, I cÎLerwarJ.s was bf)ught by Captain L.
OdÏn-J. Prioo.
ash, wh) took th' topmast out of h'r,
Fairy-Kivas Tully. reducrd the size Jf h0' big cabin trunk
Undine-J. Ewart. anti sailed her in l he stone trade, be-
Coralie-J. Ethrick. c ming th-t> envy of all the stone-hook-
Storm Que'Em-Jones Bros. er captains nn the lake.
F Igin'lw- 'amhie. It \\rs imp "8sible to capsize the
Every yachtsman in Canada has ',-hite "-ings, but
his very nearly b.::p
he
rd of tha famous .1-Vhite "rings, th.' p npd on one occasl
n. She" as. commg
Cuthbert sloop that has, since 1893, j
'wn th
hJrn wlth everythmg "'et,
b
n doing duty as a stone-hooker. At wh
n a h,'avy squall struck hf'i when
the present time there is little about abreast of Humber Bay. She Jay over
- :", '
7 '
A
r .I!i,
.
, . .
:
,,
.. '.' .
,
:::<_, ..:J __
l 'l
"( tI}. _ :"
.
" '!"""""'" -:'
' _
-- -
'
......... _ ..........
-'"' -
:
--= --..-,;;;.
,
..
- . '\I,'),j,Ú. W
"""11 . :,G--.J..d....,;
- ,
her dingy blaok hull, with its batter- , on her beams' ends, and the frightf'n-
ed rail and dumpy little cabill trunk, ed. crew promptly scrambled into the
to indicate th3 famous racer. Yet a I dinghy and cast off. Ere the
reached
s
oCC'nd glance at the easy sheer, long, I Bt'h
re tha \Vhite Wings righted. The
sharp entranc.\ and clean ru
, a
we]] crew pulled towards her, and, like a
as the cut of th! patche::l mamsall and sp_1rtive colt, she payed off and ran
su: ysail . and jib, comprising th
hook- aWay from them, faster than they
er s entire sprea.d of canvas, will shm, could possibly row. After she h
d
thnt she has seen better days. jibed two or three times, and the w, ary
White 'Vings was built by Cnth- J])Iariners were almost dead with row-
b"rt in 1886 for a )I{r. Coole.y, of ing, they caught up to her and c]am-
Tr
nton. She was 42.83 ft. on the bered aboard, exhausted but extreme-
water line, and of 45.74 feet rac!ng ly thnnkful.
l,'ngth. Sh. was race1 at Be]]e-'dle The liNt Canadian v('s
l. as weB
and O
wego, and s
owed g,)od spt'f'd, 3'" th-e. last ch00nðr yacht, to cha]l flIost place. Mr. Ae for tho(>. America's Cup, was the Coun-
milius J"lrvis, cC'mmodore of the Royal Ìt-'B:i of Duffe.rin. She was buiH at
C:Jnadian Yacht Club, bnught hf'r in ! CooourO' by Ale.xander Cuthbert, a
lPg7, and Bold he.r in th:> sp!,inr.r of 18
9. i famoas o designer of yachts of the old
It was u'nd"'T hls wner
hlp (hat !'h' I oontrehoord type. She was owned by a
W
1ll the 'Vhite "Tings Cup, fit Put In I syndicate C{)IJlliJO sed of various lake
B'1Y regatta, a trc phy that \Vao; sub- I yacht<;me.n. CJlonel Gifford, Mr. Fred-
s-.quently presented to the H lmilton e.rick Lucas, of Hamilton, and MajOr
Y
cb' Club for perpetual compptiti011. : Torrance were among the members.
ð
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
The Countess of Dufferin was launched tc'1.rio. She sailed several matches here,
at Cobourg in the spring of 1876. Sbe and wa.e defeated by the first Oriole.
was 101 feet on the waterline, 23 feet In the spring cd 1878 she was sold to
7 inehes beam, and drew 7 feet 3 Captain Prenderville, of the Chicago
inchffl, without her oentreboard. Shß Yacht Club, and taken by him up to
reoo1.ved her name in honour of the L3.ke Miohigan. She la.ter passed intCJ
wife of too then G
JC'ernor-General of the hands of Mr. W. Borden and ;\-Ir.
Oanada. Philpot., of Chicago, and, upon the de-
The big
h{)l()ne.r (she. was one of the cline of the Chicago Yacht Club, was
la
yachts on the lakes) went down scuttled and sunk outside of Chicago
to Ñew York by way of the St. Law- breakwater.
renee river and Halifax, arriving at Canada furnished two challenger.. for
New York after a tw{')nty-rlnv vovage I the '"Blue Ribbon of the Ocean," the
from Quebec, during .which her' new I America's Cup. The sec.ond challenger
canva.98 <;treteh'ßd and became so was the centreboord sl()()p Atalanta,
baggy that a fresh suit was ordered. de.signed. and built by the famous Alex-
She was intenderl. to sail with a big. ander Cuthbert, of Belleville. She W8.!
- - -
cr-2
i>
square sail on the foremast, but the 78 feet over all, 6B feet l.w.l, 1
feet
rule of the New York Yacht Club for- 6 inc.hes beam, anti 6 feel 5 inches
bade this draught. She cost $2,100. Her bal-
The vessel seleeted to defend the last was made of iron ore and stone,
America Cup wac; the schooner Made- packed under her ceiling as well a.
line. She defeated the Canadian ill poc;sible. The AtalanLì went down to
two successive r<1ces, on August 11, and New York by way of the Erie (:
nal.
Augu'iìt 12. The Countess of Dufferin ! and reached salt w-:lter after oonslller-
proved. the 'JIllarter by the wind, but ablp difficulty, on October 31st, 1881.
her light sails were not h.llldled with I The races for the famous trophy were
anything like the promptness of her " sailed in the second week of Novemher.
rival. Tbe original America sailed Atalanta was handicapped by her bal-
over the course with the oomIÆtitors 1 last of iron and stone, instead of lead
and proved berself a better bo'Ü than casting, and by her lc1ck ot crew, the
the Canadian. 1 men promised by the llelleville Yacht
After her fa.ilure to capture the I Club failing to arrive. In the first
coveted trophy the Countess of Duf- I racf' with Mischief Atalanta was beaten
farin Wag brought back to Lake On-. by
8 minutes. She lost 40 minutes
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
7
,
in reefing In the gecond ra.c
she I
untry and raced,. at first by M.esare.
made a mistake as to the posIt\{)n ot Dlckson and Hamilton, and later by
a buoy, aud ..\1i'ichief again won, S\t- I Mr. Hutc.heson and Mr. Henderson and
tling the ownership of the cup for U'
1. 1t.Les.;rs. E. and S. BLake. TJ1e RIvet
Atalanta performed so well, handi- \\ as bought in 18ß2 by Mr. &.my
capped as she was, that it was intend- . Elmsley, who owned and sailed her for
ad to sail for the _\.m
rica Cup next I eighteen yoors. He sold her in 1880.
year, but the
ßw York Yacht Club I Mr. H. ßtlake, ca.ptain of the Toronto
passed reaolutions restricting. Am- i Yacht. Club, became her own
r..In 1890
erica Cup ma.tches to yachts bmlt on I the Rivet went out of commlBSlon and
S'1.lt water, an.rJ. the lake yachtsmen's I was tnken up to Hrrmilton, where she
hopes were blighted, is at present owne-d. She haa not done
The big sloop waB brought back to much sJ.iling of late.. 0
- - -.Q- - -- =- -
--== ;;
..- '='..=Ø -:..--
ß =- _ -=-- -==
_
_....
- "-
--
.--=
-- -
Lake.Onbrio, and played a prominent I illie Rivet was remarkable for her
part In the races of the. next ten years. 'øpoo.d in heavy weather and the vast
She w
found to be oversparred, .and amoun
of head-reaching she would
oor malnm1..Bt was shortened by eight do. OWlng to the way she carried.
f
t. She was es
cially fast in light Rivet Wa.! sailed in the regatta of
WlJ?ds. She W8!! fmally sold to some. September 11, 1860, in honour of the
Chlcago yachtsmen. I Prrnce of Wales' visit to Toronto, by
One of the best known yachts around E. and S. Blake. The raoo was to
T
ront
, and o
(' which still (18. 1 9) su r- Mimico, in a fresh breeze and heav1
Vlvea, IS the Iron cutter Rivet. She Sß.1.. Rivet and Arrow were the only
was of 17 tons measurement and 40 one.s to finish in their class, and the
feet 1. w, 1., and was built in England iron cutter's windjamming qualities
in 1855, and was brought out to this brought her in a winner. with fifteeD
8
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
minutes to sp:n'p. Thi8 resulte.d in the CHAPTER II.
presentation of the Prince of Wales'
challenge cup to the Royal Canadian TWO OLD FLAGS,
{acht Club in 1861.
Ano h0l" well-remembered yacht is the An Old Time Political Incldent-W m.
Alarm, a 40-ton vessel, built at Goder-
ich in 1875 r.nd bought by Lieut.-Col. Lyon Mackenzie and the Provincial
Gnsett, n JW Chief of Police, two yean Parliament-Marshall S. Bidwell.
later. Tho' Alarm was rigged as a
chooner wh'2n owned by Mr. Hayes, It is a loL\.6 cry from 1832 to this
of Seaforth, but whf'n she was brought year of grace 1904, and few, if any,
tn Toronto she was changed to a yawl, people are now alive who remember
and subsequently raced under a cut. \\ ith any degree of distinctness the
ter rig. She was intended for a cruiser, I stirring political events which took
'nd when sh' passed into the hands of place both in C-,nada anù Great Bri-
Lieut.-CoI. Gr:enzie in 1831-32 did not not by the Government alone that you
subsi Ie hUi gre, y:,ar by year, until are presumed to l1e disloyal, look at
the gen.-ral election of 1836. when this flag." Sir F.rancis here produced
Mackenzio W,!S defeated at the polls the flag. :Mr. Bidwell gave the Lieu..;
by a subsbntial majority. Marshall tena.nt-Governor a long explana.tion of
S. m h\ell, at this time, though well his cOlllluct, tbe purport of which was
kno n to ue in accord in opinion with to prove the impc,s.sibility that he could
the adv, nce l Re'"ormers had to a great have had anything to do
ith the re-
e ,-tent ntired from political life. and bel'ious proceedings wbicb culminated
as devo'iug himself to the duties of at Gallows Hi.n. Tbese remarks '\ere
his pro
ession. Another y
ar p;lssed hy; beard with attention and <,ourtesy, and
Kin'S \Yilliam I\
. died; Queen Yictori t on thf>ir conclusion the Ljputenant-
came to the thron<
; 'nrl still the Governor aga'n gave Mr. Pit 1 .,''-Pl' the
grievances under which Canadians alternative oC ,eaving the country for
groaned were not . meliorated, nor did ever 01' to suhm it the letters to a
there appear any probability of such scrutiny. 'IhG former C'ourse was the
EL course of policy being adopted by on
chosen, and l\{r. Bidwell was then
the Governmpnt as \\ould allay the :nÎormed hy the Lieuh>nant-Governor
prevailing discontent. Th,'n ctme the that he,
rr. Bidwell, must send in 3.
appe.d to arm.s by l\Iackenzie and his letter announcing h
s determination to
foîowera in December, 1837. and their quit the country for e\er, when his
total (1efeat at thp skirm
sh (for it I pa{'ket shou
d be delh-ered to him in-
\Va'" no more) a.t Gallows HIll. Lacl. Mr. B1.d
ll then left Go\-ern-
Mo,ntgomery's tavern on Yonge mlnt House shortly afterwards send-
strpet, the headquarters of the ret'p] ing the fot
owing letter to Sir Francis
force, was, as is well kInO'Wn, burnt Head, on the reoeipt of which hi!!! packet
to th:-> graun t hv orders ot Sir Francis ,,-a.<; reo urned to him,
Bonct-He,ad, while among the various The letter read as follows:-
things confistated which had heen in
the possession of the rebels \\ ere the I Toronto, December 8th. 1
37.
twc flags. When Sir Fn.ncis Head was I Sir,-:-In consequence of the k
nd C'on-
recal'ed after the Rellellic)'1 hy the yersatl.On of your Ex.cell",
cy thIS IDOI
-
fm' rial Government, he tC'ok these mg.r ha.ve determmed LO leave thIS
relics \vith him to "Rng'aml and they provlllce forever. . "-
wel" not unea.rthed until 1R97. whc'I1 I aU?- aware that the ClrcUillSU\nces
a relati\'e 0" his found. them and to which your
xcell
ncy alludpd are
caused them to he dis;}laye1 as ohjecis calc.ulated t? gpre
lse to S,!sP.iclOns
of interest at a l'anquet given to co
o- a
al.nsl me ill
elallOn to thIS lll
ur-
nial t t . . . 1.0 d E rectlOn, and while they would 'hke-
represen a 1\ es m non, np:- ly to render my fu rthp\, residence in
land, th ' . I th -
o t t l 1\1
Bid 11 is province unp easdont, ey man:e
nce more 0 re urn 0 ' . we. your Excellency's kindness the more
The day a!ter the engagement at WQrthy of my deep and lasting grati-
G:al
OI',V!I H1ll a packet of letters ar- I tude
rned at the 'l'oronto post-office ad- I am confident at the same time tb.,t
dresspd to l\fars
all S- Bidwell, wbich, the investigation which will now of
In accordance With orders fro;-n the course, be mad,.. will fully remove
10
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
these suspicions from your Excellency's I elg describing the affair at D ! Langsfaff, Richard Hutchinson and
with the þlstory. of the rebellIon. wil! I Thomas Cook. All of these, with the
not be. without mte.reßt. exception of Larratt Smith, jr., city
--- of Toronto, were returned as being of
CHAPTER III. Vaughan.
I Ensign5, .John Arnold, .John Demp..
NORTH YORK MILITIA. sey, George Beardmore, Peter Vande-
A R . tal R t f 1838-L ' t f brugh. Horace 'Vilcox, J. R. Gowan
e
lmen e urn or IS 0 and John S. Bridgford. Of thesp John
Officers, Where They Came From, Dempsey and J. R. Gowan were from
and Who They Were. Toronto, the remainder were, like the
So much interest is now heing taken great majority of the other offj('-p.rs,
in the Canadian militia that a retro- from Vaughan.
spect of the past, so that it may be AdJutant-Captain, J. Bell, Toronto.
oompared with the pret'!ent, will SurgeOlll, JameiS McCuaig, York.
probably prove of considerable in- In the column set apart in this re-
terest to many. By the courtesy of turn for "Remarks," it is stated
Mr. John Small, of this citX, a "Field "Captain L. Smith, Lieut. Barwick,
Return" of the 4th Regiment of Ensigns Peak and Smellie have re-
North York militia assemhled on signed, rather declined, accepting
parade at Richmonrl Hill, in the town- crunmissions."
ship of Vaughan, in the county of It is hard to suppress amusement
York, on June 4th, 1838, has been hand- when one learns from the "return of
ed to The Evening Telegram. The arms and accoutrements" that the
numbers were as foIlows:- I corps possessed thirty-one 'English
Liputenant-C-olonel...... ...... ...... .m.. 1 muskets' and ')00 rounds of ammuni-
Iajor ......... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... l' tion only I
Captains...... ......... ......... ...... ............ 7 Another memorandum attacbed to
Lieutenants......... ...... ......... ...... ..... 9 this ol.l document is that th'eTP were
En
igns...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......... fI "within the limits of tè<'
im('nt"
Adjutant ...... ......... ......... ...... ......... 1 24 Menonists 0.00 19 Tunkprs "ex-
Surg<,oJ' ......... ......... ......... ......... 1 empt:,o/l from militia d.uty." It is
::;Prgea.u:ô...... ...... ......... ...... ...... ...... 20 only fair to add that "militia duty"
Privates...... ...... ......... ,...... ...... 653 ! consisted in assamb
in,g at the be'ld-
- ' quarteN! of the corpS once a year,
701 I namely on June 4th, George III. birth-
Absent with lpave...... ._ .._. ... 19 . day LateT this dg,te was chan!!ed to
Ahspnt without k:lVe...... ._. _..... 5. May 24th and so remained until the
Sedentary Militia became a matter of
725 history.
12
A few wor(Lg c.an be said respecting I peared froom. the south side of King
some Df the officers. The colonel, C. street east In 1901.
C Small was a son of Major Small, This old familiar friend, this "w, 11-
",:ho wa
clerk of the first Ex.>cu- i kIL wn sp.:>t," was the "G81d'èn Lion"
tive OQlUMil Df the Pn,vjnce of Upper " drT-good::. establishm-\nt, for so
many
Canada, during the regime of i8,
al
a well-known Toronto man; he decid.ed too adopt "The Gold,en Lion
'
WM subsequ(/ntly a member of tbe their trade-mark and plae-ed DVer tnell'
firm of D.'mpsey & Blevins. L,ater front door a maæiv.e gilt figur, of a
he was clerk at Osgooo.e HalL J. R. liOon ca.rved out of wood, which figure
Gowan wa,s father of Mr. Gowan, of remain
d in its position, "in storm and
the firm of Sm'1.11, Gowan & Strathy. 'wind in rain and hail," until 1886,
Captain and adjutant John Bell w
s i whe
it was replaced by a stone lion,
a well-known TDronto lawY
i': Bi
; which, however, wa,1 not gilt.
house was on the eastern .side of I
e (cld original) gold:>n liJn, wh.n
Church street between Arlelaide and I BUpplanted by tlw ab.ne one, was .re-
Queen street
ast. , moved fr'')m tb._ frout of the premIß-es
Of al
the off1ccr
whose n
es ba ve I and pb.c<,d ove.r th,' principal door
bee.n gIv
n there
now (19U,'l),
y leading to th' :>hipping department r-f
onof' survIYDr. .He IS La
ratt
mll. the 'ValkBr firm situated Dn Colborn.e.
w
o despIte his advanclI
g ypars is stI
t. There too it remained untIL
still hearty. hale and vigorous. the building was dÏßmantlBd, and then
,. vanity Df vanities, all is vanity," it
was tak.en d >\V n and was found to be
in such a state of utt-e,r decay that
it was wbolly unfit even for firewood.
Alas for leDnine greatne.::;s!
I Th
paTtnerabip bdween Robat
Walk{"I and T.ho.mas Hutchinson was
, dissolved in 1853 when the latter re-
tiÏ.red fIom the Ì.irm, and so incensed
was he at some ill-t,reatment, or fan-
cied ill-treatment, that he had receiv-
ed from hü; former colleague, that he
opened a few doors below his late
An DId and familiar bnðmark for placf' of business, what was,_ fo.r the
over sixty Ylar
in TorúnLO disap- Toronto of tb03e days, an hillmense
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
CHAPTER IV.
THE GOLDEN LION.
An Old Familiar Place of Business _
Once the Resort of All Country Buy-
ers-Amusing Reminiscences,
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
13
prreLrDJises, aÙ30 for t1he sale of dry I to b
no less a personage than his
goods, calling it "The pantechn.eth- I '
IajL'sty the King of Deien captured
lligohted to call it, and "The Golden' by h.c:r Britannic .Majesty's victorious
Lion," and, sad to say, for the p
o- : 1 troops.
ptridor of the former eflta blis.Ìl/Inent This barefaoeod, deceptive advertise-
at any rate if for nob
){1y PIISP, ('ven- mlE'int W1<:; pot alloWi:'od to pass un-
....-
._ _ I
-
=-:
-=-=-=-_ =- ;, G t _
;:=:s
--
-=-
F'
G
-==--
-... .
TITE GOLDEN LIO
, KING ST.B.EET BAST.
tually "The Gold.en Lio'll" came out on I ch.'1U
by the firm, as it had toon
top. æ.come., of Robert \V:l.lker & Son, for
AlJmDcy across King
tfu:> serVlces of a gentleman of colour, street, tnform..ing an interested and
who, arrayed in gorgeous rann-l"!lt, amused public that th,>re was .. no
marched up 8JIld down in front of the humbug at the o).{] reliable sign of the
Pantec.h:netbeca preañ.isf:>S and was an- Gok1e.n Liol1." Be
ides this definite
nounoed by an ob:IequioUB page boy I 8IJSeol'ti.ao., they hinted in divers ways
14
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
somlewh:lt more than oOOcurply that I Hogan's dieappearaooe created 8
anybod.y who
t to a c2rtain e.stab- great deal of exeitement, for hi!'!
li.s.hrn.e.nJt. not a great many yards bo1y was not discovered till 1861. The
eastward from their OW.n., would most persons concerneù were members of
surely be ''taken in and done for." I a gang known as the Brooks Bush
The Pante
hnetr.heo agn('ultural 13bùur
rs, coun- of that date and the neighbonrhood
try resIdents genen,lly, when tht.y. . I 1 ' 1
-' 1
<'-.'1JDiC to Toronto W1æ).t to the Golden II
faIr y we. l..1ul t up where at one
Lion as a m:atte.r of course; they had hme were fIelds and paBture
and.
confidence in the place, and the firm: The house shown a8
o'. 1 In tþe
never did an.ything to show that t hÏß sketch wag that of BellJamlll TomlIn,
cOIl'fid,ence was misplaced. Gradually, I
l:o kept a tavern,,'known as the
with the growth of population and I
lly of the Valley on the 80uth
the incma.se of stores for the sale of sIde of Gerrard street, probably ea.8t
dry goods, the Golden Lion ceased to of the present Gerrard
reet bridge.
become the "M'ecea" of country shop- The house wag removed several years
pe.r.s as it had boon during the "for- ago. .
ti6'J," "fiftiæ," and early "sixties." No. 2 IS a
m
ll hou8e and rear
Since 1898, owing to de&tlu! and
ad, now. demolIshed; on th
fWuth
other ca1l.8es, the business was dosed,
lde' of Ku:tg . st;eet east, sltua too
and a little later the premises sold west of a bmldll1g now used a8 a
for other purposes than that of shop- ca.rriage factory and numbered 645
keeping, and what had at one time KIng st
t east.. .
been one of the principal attractions
o.
IS the Don BrIdge WhICh was
of. Toronto, among it
places of busi- bUIlt In 1851 by the l
te Emer
ness, ceased to exist. C
tsworth, the late CIty... C
mml8-
It will be interesting to note that slOner.,
bant 20 years la
er It was
the first crerk employed in 1846 by cove rea Ill, and on the north and
.Messrs. Walker &: Son was .Mr. Thos. I :'!IOTIth sides footpaths were made for
TholIlI}SOn, who afterwards founded passengers. In 1878 the bridge was
th" l\lammoth HauSB, opposite St. i swept away, and in October of the
L'1wf':'1ÞOO Hall. on King street past. same year the present structure was
erected, which was partially rebuilt
and strengthened in 1893.
No.4 w.as, and is still, the house of
Mn
. Tobias Heinrich,
o. ô18 Queen
street east. Mrg. Heinrich has resid-
00 there sime the death of her hUB-
band. This is the first honse on the
I n?rth side of Queen street, eaBt of the
, rIver,
No.5 is the hou!'K). of John Thomson,
who lived in that neighbourhood in
the early part of the century. He
ttled there a bout 1820.
No. 6 is the homestead of the Smith
family from l&)G till 1892. It was
8ituated on the south l"Iide of Queen
street, immediately east of the Don.
Thb
homestead was only demoli!'lood
entirely in 1902. A very good pidure
of it, ag it was, is in Robertson'g
Landmarks, Vol. 1, p. 132.
There have been many bridges over
the Don. The first bridge Wa..
known
as Playter's Bridge. It ,W.aB higher up
CHAPTER V.
THE OLD DON BRIDGE.
Changes That Have Been Effected in
the Locality in the Last Fifty Years
-A Great Crime Recalfed.
The
etch of the old Don bridge,
which was erected in 1851 on about
the site of the present bridge, was
the scene on the 1st of December,
1859, of a terrible tragedy. On th9.t
night Mr. John Sheridan Hogan, a
well known member of Parliament,
was cro
8i ng the bridge on his way
home from Mr. Beachall'g honae e3.st
of the Don, when he wa
attacked by
a crowd of ruffians who knockoo
him 8ensele.es and then threw hiB
body into the river from the centre
of the south side of the bridge.
1r.
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
16
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to
16
LAND:MARKS OF TORONTO.
the river at the east end of Win-! Wil:!!On on leaving the school became
chester st reet. Then t11ere was the : an Anglican clergyman.
bridge known as Scadding's Bridge, 1 The square marked "School House"
whieh was there in the time of Gúv- on lot.3 was the site of the old Blue
ernor Simcoe in 1794. School. but a record shows that this
During the troubles of 1837 a num- I school whcn built was further east
ber of those who took part in the -about the centre of lot 7-and late
Rebellion under Col. Von Egmond, I in the thirties the building was re-
set fire 'to the bridge and partially moved. to lot 11. on the south side of
destroyed it. T.he damage was soon March stre
t. east of the word "fence"
repaired, however, and the br!dge -on the southeast corner of New and
continue
I
U
12.
"
8
10
9
17
N
ncxrth by thie Slide of the gaol to..N ew-
gate (Adelaide) street." On the cast
side, at the present Court street, was
the gaol. and at the Trust and Loan
corner stood "the Episcopal Method-
ist church."
The original roadway which led to
the market from the north was down
Yonge street to Lot (Queen) street
east, then down Lot street east to
t-.
\J')
z:
c::>
\J)
-'
w
Z
o
N7+(
"1 8
ST
10
9
Cõ
" 3:
o
12 Z
7
.5
2
t-
w
w
0:
t-
If)
6
5 4
c
H
(STANLEY) i
6 9
5:
6
7
12
o
ø
u..J
:;
Z
1
5
...
:5
(;
NEW GAT E ST
PLAN OF SURYEY SHEWING THE SCHOOL
RE5ERWITION IN TilE TOWN OF YORK.
OIYllJED INTO/ lOTS. 5a.le.lof'ed tð don Inck.
ef?
tæÆ2
ýf
a//
ORIGDiAL SCHOOL RESERVE.
Upper George street (Victoria) is I Upper George street (Victoria), and
nol shown on this plan, but it was "a Toronto street to King.
cross str
t running from Newgate Toronto street in the plan of 1797
(Adelaide) street. nearly opposite the is not shown as at present. but run-
gaol," which stood on the southeast ning in a straight line north to Lot
corner of Toronto and what is now (Queen) street. The plan was, at a
Court 8t
t, as far as Richmond later date. changed, and Toronto
treei. street end!d at New,gate (Adelaide)
Toronto street. the directory says, street in l'ront of the present post-
"commences in King street and runs office.
18
LAND:\fARKS 01;' TORONTO.
CHAPTER VII. were made from the hides. of the ani-
mal.5 hß slew, the plTeparaEO\I1 of skins
PRIMITIVE METHODS. W1J.s of the first importance. The
.sca-apers used in cleaning the hides
w>'-'ro usually made from shank, bones,
Tools Used by Red Man-8tone, Cop- while the leather wa.s shaped with
per Bone and Hide H is Chief Ma-
tone and COppM" knives.
.' . I TraditioOIl do
not say whether or
terlals--Ornaments and Trmkets. not the aboriginal blacksmith con-
Long before the S[lW, the ad
e, the .structed his forge und
r. a
preading
auger or the chisel found thell" way chestnut, llOO' does tradlbon Inform us
to the .sbores of this vast continent, that be had a forge. 10 fact, we
the carp
nter flourished at his trade a.re told that he hammered( hiS! metal
-built boxes, troughs, tables, benches cold, with stone hammer
. However.
and otber article:'! of household fur- his metal instruments were few and
niture with a moderate degree of a8 they were all made from native
success. His joints w
re perhaps not ('.oppelr their corustruction was com-
quite so true nor his surfaces as paratively easy though their value
smooth as the productions of his Euro- wa", proportionately less.
pean contemporary, but then his tools Tomaha \Vks, th
ð barbarou'5 side-
were not so finished nor numerous- a rm'5 which crashed through many a
indeed he made m
t of th
m
imself, pione
r's 8kull, were invarbbly made
an accomp,J.ißhment that his rIval on f-rom stone, dressed into spherical
the other side of the wor
d could not I
h:tp
s s'Omewhat afteIr the style of
b03.st of. "Of what did. hi'> tools c(;m- a goo.93 egg, alll.d fitted, to pliable wood-
sist
" \Vell, that's a simpL
questiOn en handles with leather thongs. In-
to alliiwer. Here are a few of them: dian aTrowl:l:>ads are too common to
Hatchets and haJ?1mers made of stðre not re
arkable moulds, bone awls and needleB,
heU
for their
olidJty and
urabihty. cups and ingenious fish-hooks.
T
I
Indla':l wa.s a leumrely sort of It fell to the lot of the sqU:1\V to
a,
t16an. . HiB workshop wa
th
.oJ?en mill the corn and this she did with a
air and hLS houra of labour lllde
lDl
6. very simple contrivance which might
H{' went to work when he felt ,like it, almo:st be called a mortar and pestle
which wa.
seldom, and leftj off when- only 'that the mortar W,lS a good sized
eV'e;I' he wanted
; bear hun
buffa
o rock with a slightly hollowed surface.
c
alSes! or a tnbal war bem:g suffl- Into or upon this "mealing-stone" t
8
CJJ2nt mducements to take him from squaw pound her maiz.:, and then patJ-
hi6 be.nch or table for many a day, e.ntly pounded it into flour or meal. The
1eavLllg his squaw to do what she pnetry of the IWd Indian wa
not re-
could in hiB a
nce. But the In- markable for iUs variety; cream-puffs
dian's dom'3stic needs were few, and I t.arts, sponges and fancy cakes WLre
ti'm::; wa.s not pressing, BO that what unknown to bis modest digestivð ('r-
could not be finishßd in one genera- gall& A little water, fat, and shreds
hon waG left to the leÌðure of the I of meat mixed with flour, wa
almo
t
next. tbe limit of any Indian housewife's
The dressi.ng of leather was another knowledge of buking. But in the mat-
art iln which tha North American ter of joint..... roasts and stc:!ks
abongine WaB skilled, and considering I the Indian W3..5 an epicure. BrOilod
the fact that hÍJ
houses, clothes, b
r- fresh veni
n 3;nd buffalo marrow
re
DIe6S, lasso
and other necessan.eß d.ighes that might make anv wlut.
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
19
man's mouth water, but the deer and I from General Riall to burn the to\\"'Il
the buffalo were more plentiful than of Buffalo, in retaliation for the burn-
modern cai:tle at that time. ing of Ne.\ ark, which. with the
id
The Indian's love for jewellery and I of one gun detachment, I did, witb
other ornaments was a weakness by the exception of one detached house,
which many a white trader profited. whicb we left standing, because tbere
Eut Wore the time of the trader the. was a female in it badly wounded,
red man Wa.<5 forced to make his own I who must ha.ve perished if sbe had
trink:etB. B3ads, which were alwaye in I ' been removed out into the snow, and
great demand, were made from Btone, ! wbo, I !,-fterwards had the satisfaction
bone and s.h
l1, and though not par- of hearIng, had recovered. a.lthough
ticularly attractive, were neverthc- she had been shot through tbe body
le.<;g highly prized by their owners.. and tomahawked in the bead by an
Bear's claws and teeth were a.k50 con- ' India.n. T'le Pnited states shins of war
sidered orname.nts of beauty.' I 'Chippewa,' 'Little Belt,' and '".t.ripple,'
'were burnpr\ by the infantry. On our
return to Back Rock I was ordered
to burn it.. which was done. We took
13"; prisoners aod ß guns. Our killed,
CHAPTER VIII. wounded and missing 113."
Th(' foregoing is an account of some
THE WAR OF 1812. of the numerou'> a(f3.irs on the Niagara
frontier in which the Genera.l was en-
Capture of Fort Niagara-Burning 01 gaged, an
rr o<;t of which,. lhough
. 'small affaIrs, \\ ere very penlous to
Buffalo-The Man Who Fired the, those engaged. especially on the Brit
Town-A Distinguished Veteran. I ish
ide, who, from the vicinity of the
I State of New York, were greatly out
Th(
folIo" ing hitherto unpublhhed nllmbe.red, many officers being victimq
statements relating to the wa.r of "612- of the backwoods rifJemen. who were
14 are extracted from Statement of I especially employed to pick out the
Services or the lat8 Major-
neral I British officers, and who were in the
Richard
ay Armstrong, who, as lieu- habit of climbing trees for that pur-
tenant, acted as adjutant to the Brit- pose. The General's brother, EnsiZD
ish artillery in Canada during t.he ,\, ar ! Henry A rmstrong, fell in this \\ a v,
of 1812 and 1813 with the United I shot in the lungs, and surviving unly
States;- live days. He be]onged to the Can-
"Wth Decemoor, ]813. Assault and adian Fencible Regiment. The late
Capture of Fort Niagara, State of New General, who. it is believed, was tl:e
Yor;r.-Tbc aSbaulting force ",as ;80 only British officer who went right
men; the American garrimn 4:.'9; 65 I through the \-, ar, èeing (excepting t\';O
or the enemy killed; 14 of!icers, 12, slight skirmishes) present in every
ergeants and 318 rank and lile taken action, and CO:I
.eluent]y undergoïn
r'ri
o:wr'i, including wou;}ded. About I very great risk, \Va, fortuna.te enough
20 made their escape over the \\alls I I to receive only a slight wound in the
of the fort. We captured '!:l pieces Leg, though he had several horses
of ordnance and 3,001 stanl! of arms. killed and wounded under him. T Ie
On 25th December. <813, I was ænt Americans during the \\ar made five
with t\".o guns to destroy two of the I different invasions ot Canada, every
enemy's vessels under Black Rock, and one of wnich Wa.9 repulsed, with loss
forced them to run ashore. On 27th I of several of their generals taken
December Lieut.-Co!. Drummond moved prisoners. The snow rendered oper-
up to the ferry oppo
ite ß"ack Rock, ations very difficult and s-'vere the
with a force of 1.35.1 men, under Ma.jor- troops being frequently \\Ïthout R1
el-
General Riall. On the night of the ler. The General ha.d seen much ser-
30th the troops crossed the Niagara vice in other parts of the \\ orld, and
River under cover of the fire of all had suffe.red both from yellow fever
the artillery under Ca
tain B:-idge, and and Jamaica fever during over balf a.
as soon as their landing was effected eentury (54: yea.rs) of active service.
we likewise crossed. Enemv's force w..s I He \\inds up his statement of services
from 2,000 to 2,500 men.' They lled I I as follows; "I may perhapa be per-
from Bla.ck Rock to the town of Buf- mitted to m611tÏon that my father- the
1:alo, about 21-2 miles distant. We tol- late Riehard Hil'8t Armstrong, surgeon
lowed in close' pursuit. The enem.y 10th Roya.l Veteran Battalion. after
aga
n fled, followed by a.ll the in- I passing the greater part of his life
habItanb of B:.Iffa.
o. I receiyed orders iD his Ma
esty's service. \\a
drowned
20
LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.
ai the shipwreck of the 'Harpooner,' years from that date, it is a. service-
transport, at Cape Race, Ne\\found- ab
e, modern highway, with a baker"!
land, when on his voyage home with dozen of pos
ffices; and bicycles, elec-
hi.:' regiment from Canada, on 10th I tric cars, motor-cycles traversing it.
l\ovemter, 1816, together with my Yonge street was one of the old
mother, two sisters and a brother. I stage coach routes. The first stage
\\ a
the eldest son; one sister, Mrs. I line was started in 18
8 by George
l\:aude, having been saved from the Playter and his sons. The stages were
\Heck. His second son, Enégn Henry I ponderous affairs, of the o!d English
Arm!;,trong, died 011 16th November, I mail 'coach style, drawn by four horses.
]813, of \'munds received in action at I [n 1832 the line was bought by Wil.
Chrystler's Farm, Canada, on 11th liam 'Veller. This gentleman was a!so
!\ovember, 1813, shot through the I ' the owner of lines of stages to Kings-
lungs. He belonged to the Canadian ton and DundM and Niagara. In Us
Fencible Regiment. His third son, I advertisements Mr. "'e:]er guor-
Horatio Armstrong, killed by accident : ante
d to take pa
engers throug-h to
in th9 streets of Quebec in 18 '8' H'lmllton by dayhght on the L'lke
kDocke.d down by a sleigh; skull frac
. Shore r03.d. The journey t
) Kingston
teredo His youngest daughter died in ! generally lasted twenty-eIght hours.
Quebec, 1809, the only member of the The headquarters for "... eller's lines of
family who as ret died anatilr"dl death. ,stages was the '.Coffin B'ock"-the
(Signed) R. T Armstrong, Major- I wedge-shaped . building that t
en
General from :iloya] Artillery." , stoo.! on the sIte of the present bUIld.
This statement of services render03d I ' ing at the intersection of Church,
to his country obtained for Major- \VeHington and Front streets.
Gt'neral Arm3trong the good '3ervice A busy scene was presented at the
pt:nSlOn of 1:100 per annum. He died at corner every day \'\-ith the variou!!!
Lucerne, Switzerland, in 1865. I stages arriving and departing, north,
east and west. The line \0 the north
I p
ssed into the hands of Charies
