Lebanon Valley College
CATALOGUE
APRIL-1908
I90f— 190a
College Founded, A. D., 1866
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in 2011 with funding from
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Lebanon Valley College
FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Annville, Pa., 1908
Press of
Journal Publishing Company,
ANNVILLE, Pa.
1908.
2 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
CALENDAR.
1907-1908.
1907.
September 11, Wednesday, College year began.
December 21, Saturday, Christmas vacation began.
1908.
January 2, Thursday, Christmas vacation ended.
January 24, Friday^ First semester ended.
January 27, Monday, Second semester began.
April 10, Friday, Anniversary of Kalozetean Literary Society.
April 17-21, inclusive, Easter recess.
May 1, Friday, Anniversary of Philokosmian Literary Society.
May 20-22, Senior final examinations.
May 25-29, Final examinations.
May 30, Saturday, Memorial Day — holiday.
May 31, Sunday, 10:30 a. m., Baccalaureate sermon.
7:30 p. m.. Address before the Christian Associations.
June 1, Monday, 2:00 p. m., Meeting of Board of Trustees.
7:43 p. m., Exercises by the Graduating Class in
Music.
June 2, Tuesday, 7:43 p. m., Junior Oratorical Contest.
June 3, Wednesday , jo: a. m.. Forty-second Annual Commencement.
12:00 m. , Alumni Banquet and Re-union.
1908-1909.
1908.
September 14 and 15, Examination and registration of students.
September 16, Wednesday, College year begins.
November 26, Thursday, Anniversary of Clionian Literary Society.
November 26 and 27, Thanksgiving Recess.
December 23, Wednesday, Fall term ends.
1909.
January 6, Wednesday, Winter term begins.
January 25, Monday, Mid-year examinations begin.
January 28, Thursday, Day of Prayer for Colleges.
January 29, Friday, First Semester ends.
February 1, Monday, Second Semester begins.
February 7, Sunday, Day of Prayer for students.
February 22, Monday, Washington's Birthday — holiday.
March 26, Friday, Winter term ends.
March 30, Tuesday, Spring term begins.
June 9, Wednesday, Forty-third Annual Commencement.
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
THE CORPOR.ATION
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
President Lawrence Keister, and Faculty, Ex-Officio.
RESIDENCE
TERM EXPIRES
Represent^at^ives from Lhe Pennsylvania Conference
Rev. Daniel Eberly, D.D.,
Rev. Wm. H. Washinger, D.D.,
Rev. John E. Kleffman, A.B.,
John C. Heckert, Esq.,
George C. Snyder, Esq.,
Rev. Cyrus F. Flook,
Rev. John W. Owen, A.M.,
*Rev. S. N. Moyer,
Rev. G. K. Hartman, A.B.,
Rev. a. B. Statton, A.M.,
W. O. Appenzellar, Esq.,
Hanover
Chambersburg'
Red Lion
Dallastown
Hagerstown, Md.
i\Iyersville, Md.
Baltimore, Md.
Baltimore, Md.
Hagerstown, Md.
Hagerstown, Md.
Chambersburg
Represent*atives from the East Pennsylvania Conference
Hon. W. H. Ulrich,
Isaac B. Haak, Esq.,
H. H. Kreider, Esq.,
Rev. J. A. Lyter, D.D.
Benjamin H. Engle, Esq.,
Jonas G. Stehman, Esq.,
Rev. D. D. Lowery, D.D.
Samuel F. Engle, Esq.,
George F. Breinig, Esq.,
D. Augustus Peters, Esq.
M. S. Hendricks, Esq.,
Hummelstown
Myerstown
Annville
Harrisburg
Hummelstown
Mount ville
Harrisburg
Palmyra
Allentown
Steelton
Shamokin
Representatives from the Virginia Conference
Rev. a. p. Funkhouser, D.D.,
Rev. J. N. Fries, A.M.,
J. N. Garber, Esq.,
Rev. G. W. Stover,
Rev. S. R. Ludwig,
Rev. a. S. Hammack.
Harrisonburg, Va.
Berkeley Springs, Va.
Harrisonburg, Va.
Staunton, Va.
Keyser, W. Va.
Harrisonburg, Va.
1908
1909
1909
1908
1908
1909
1908
1910
1910
1910
1910
1909
1910
1910
1910
1909
1010
1910
1909
1910
1909
1909
1909
1908
1908
1908
1909
1909
TRUSTEES-AT-LARGE— Hon. Marlin E. Olmstead, LL.D., Har-
risburg ; B. Frank Keister, Esq., Scottdale ; Warren B.
Thomas, Esq., Johnstown; Ezra Gross, Esq., Greensburg;
AIvUMNAL TRUSTEES— Prof. H. H. Baish, A. M., '01, Altoona.
Rev. R. R. Butterwick, AM., '01, Schuylkill Haven;
Rev. E. O. Burtner, B.S., '90, Mt. Joy.
^Deceased
4 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD
OFFICERS
President ... - Samuel F. Engle, Esq.
Vice-President - - Rev. Daniel Eberly, D.D.
Secretary - - - Rev. Isaac H. Albright, Ph.D.
Treasurer - - - E. Benjamin Bierman, Ph.D.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Lawrence Keister J. G. Stehman
Benjamin H. Engle E. Benjamin Bierman
R. R. Butterwick J. E. Kleffman
W. H. Ulrich
FINANCE COMMITTEE
Jonas G. Stehman J. C. Heckert
W. H. Ulrich J. S. Mills
B. P. Keister S. F. Engle
W. H. Washinger
FACULTY COMMITTEE
W. H. Washinger W. H. Ulrich
D. D. Lowery Daniel Eberly
AUDITING COMMITTEE
H. H. Baish E. O. Burtner
LIBRARY AND APPARATUS COMMITTEE
J. C. Heckert S. R. Ludwig
R. R. Butterwick E. O. Burtner
H. H. Shenk
GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS COMMITTEE
George F. Breinig J. W. Owen
G. W. Stover
FIELD SECRETARY— Rev. R. R. Butterwick, A.M.
PRECEPTRESS— Miss M. Edna Engle
MATRON— Mrs. Violette Freed.
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE 5
THE FACULTY AND OFFICERS.
Eev. LAWRENCE KEISTER, S.T.B., D.D.,
President [igoy]
JOHN EVANS LEHMAN, A. M.,
Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy {188I)
Rev. JAMES THOMAS SPANGLER, A.M., D.D.,
Professor of Greek Language a?id Literature {iSgj)
HERBERT OLDHAM, F.S.Sc,
Director of the Department of BLiisic, and Professor oj
» Piano and Organ {iSgS)
HIRAM HERR SHENK, A. M., Dean,
Professor of History and Political Science {igoo)
Rev. lewis FRANKLIN JOHN, A. M., D. D.,
Professor of English Bible and Philosophy {igoi)
SAMUEL HOFFMAN DERICKSON, M. S., Secretaey,
Professor of the Biological Sciences {igos)
HARRY EDGAR SPESSARD, A. M.
Principal of the Acade-tny {igo4)
JOHN SMITH SHIPPEE, A. M.,
Professor of Latin and French {igo6)
ANDREW BENDER, A.B.
Professor of Chemistry and Physics, [igoy)
M. EDNA ENGLE, A. M.
Professor of English {1907)
EDWARD M. ROEDER, A.M.
Professor of German, {igoy)
Rev. S. EDWIN RUPP, A. M.
Professor of Sociology, {igoy)
FLORENCE A. ROACH
Professor of Voice Culture {igo6)
6 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
THE FACULTY AND OFFICERS Continued
JESSIE PAUL FUNKHOUSER,
Instrudof in Art.
RUTH E. RIGLER, B.L,
histructor m Elocution
FLORENCE S. BOEHM,
Instructor in Art.
WILLIAM EBY HERR, A.B ,
Librarian.
MILTON OSCAR BILLOW,
Instructor in the Academy and Assistant in Biology.
ROY J. GUYER,
Instructor in Latin.
STANLEY REGINALD OLDHAM,
Instructor in English.
AMOS B. MOYER,
Instructor in Civil Government.
H. M. B. LEHN,
DAVID W. McGILL,
PIERCE E. SWOPE,
Instructors in Normal Department.
Rev. Y\^ J. ZUCK, D.D.,
College Pastor.
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE 7
HISTORY OF THE COLLEGE.
Lebanon Valley College originated in the action of East Pennsyl-
vania Conference at its annual session held at Lebanon in March,
1865. Resolutions were passed deciding the question of establishing a
higher institution of learning to be located within the bounds of the
East Pennsylvania or of the Pennsylvania Conference. One year
later the committee appointed recommended in its report : first, the
establishment of a school of high grade under the supervision of the
church ; second, to accept for this purpose the grounds and buildings
of what was then known as the Annville Academy, tendered as a gift
to the Conference ; and third to lease the buildings and grounds to a
responsible party competent to take charge of the school for the
coming year. School opened May 7, 1866 with forty-nine students.
By the close of the collegiate year one hundred and fifty-three were
enrolled, thus demonstrating* at once the need of such an institution
in this locality and the wisdom of the founders.
In April, 1867 the Legislature granted a charter with full univer-
sity privileges under which a College faculty was organized with
Rev. Thomas Rees Vickroy, Ph.D., as president and Prof. E. Benja-
min Bierman as principal of the Normal Department. In this same
year the Philokosmian Literary Society was organized by the young
men, eleven acres of additional land were purchased and a large
brick building erected thereon with chapel, recitation rooms, presi-
dent's office and apartments for sixty boarding students. The build-
ing was not furnished and fully occupied till the fall of 1868.
The first regular commencement occurred June 16, 1870, v/hen
the first three graduates, William B. Bodenhorn, Albert C. Rigler
and Mary A. Weiss received their diplomas.
About two years later opposition to the school manifested itself
and President Vickroy stated in his report to the annual Conference
that the attendance of students was reduced from one hundred to
seventy-five, and the cause of this diminution was persistent opposi-
tion on the part of certain brethren.
President Vickroy directed the affairs of the institution for five
years from 1866 to 1871. During his administration the charter was
prepared and granted by the State Legislature, the laws and regula-
tions for the internal workings framed and adopted, the curriculum
established and two classes — those of 1870 and 1871 — were graduated.
In June, 1871, Prof. Lucian H. Hammond was elected president.
During his term of office five classes were graduated, the Clionian
Literary Society organized by the ladies, and the College made steady
8 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
and substantial progress, but failing- health compelled him to resign
in June, 1876.
Rev. David D. Belong, D.D. became the third president. He
found it necessary to reconstruct the faculty and retained but two of
the former teachers. The Kalozetean Literary Society was instituted
to awaken interest in literary work among the young men by means
of a healthy rivalry and the music department was organized. In
the summer of 1883 a large two story frame building was erected on
College Avenue, containing art room, music rooms, the department of
natural science, a museum and the College library. During his presi-
dency one hundred and seven students were graduated, fourteen in
music and ninety-three in the literary department.
After an interregnum of several months Rev. Edmund S. Lorenz,
A.M. was elected president and took up the work with energy and
ability. Enlargement was his motto and the friends of the College
rallied to his support. Post graduate studies were offered. The
College Forum made its appearance under the editorship of the Fac-
ulty. With a devotion that won the admiration of his friends he
labored incessantly for nearly two years to make the College the peer
of any in the State but under this strain his health failed and he was
obliged to retire at the close of the collegiate year of 1889.
The fifth president. Rev. Cyrus J. Kephart, D.D., assumed the
duties of his office at the opening of the fall term in 1889. He secured
creditable additions to the endowment fund but because of discourag
ing conditions declined re-election at the close of the first year.
The question of re-locating the College agitated its constituency,
divided its friends and greatly hindered its progress. Some were
almost in despair, others were indifferent, while others hoped and
waited for the best. Under these conditions the Board of Trustees
met in special session July 28, i890, and called Dr. E. Benjamin Bier-
man to the presidency. He was inaugurated on the evening of the
sixth of November following. Buildings were renovated, a larger
number of students enrolled and the Mary A. Dodge Fund of ten thou-
sand dollars received, " the interest of which only is to be loaned with-
out charge to such pious young people as the Faculty of the College
may deem worthy of help as students. ' ' The Silver Anniversary of the
College was celebrated June 15, 1891, when money was raised to
purchase four acres of ground to be added to the college campus-
With the experience of twenty-five years of earnest effort to combat
opposition and overcome error and misconceived notions of higher
education and to build up an institution of learning creditable to the
United Brethren Church the friends of the College entered upon the
second quarter ot a century with new hope and aspiration.
HISTORY OP THE COLLEGE 9
President Bierman served successfully until the spring of 1897
when he was succeeded by Rev. Hervin U. Roop, Ph.D., who held the
office till Jan. 1, 1906, after which time the administration was in the
hands of the Executive Committee and the Faculty until the election
of Rev. A. P. Funkhouser, A.M., March 9, 1906.
The presidency of Dr. Roop stands out as the period when the
group system in the College curriculum was introduced, when the
athletic field was acquired, when the disastrous fire of December 2-1,
1904 occurred, sweeping away the Administration Building in a few
hours, and when several new buildings arose on the campus. — Engle
Music Hall 1899, and the Carnegie Library and Ladies Dormitory in
1904. The recuperative powers of the institution were put to the test
by the destruction of the main building. At a meeting held January
5th, 1905, the friends of the College resolved, amid unusual enthu-
siasm to rebuild at once and with the stimulous of a gift of fifty thou-
sand dollars from Andrew Carnegie received by the President, plans
were matured by which to raise one hundred thousand dollars for this
purpose. The erection of three new buildings was projected — the
Men's Dormitory, the Central Heating Plant and the new Administra-
tion Building, the latter being completed under the supervision of
President Funkhouser, whose term of office is marked also by a
strenuous effort to straighten out the tangled threads in the financial
skein and to meet the debt which rose to almost or altogether ninety
thousand dollars. Bonds were issued to the amount of fifty thousand
dollars and the co-operative college circles organized to relieve the
financial conditions.
Rev. Lawrence Keister, S.T.B.,D.D.,was elected president of the
College June 10, 1907, at the. annual session of the Board of Trustees.
On the 12th of June he assumed the duties of the office bringing to
the task an earnestness and devotion that awakened a new interest
among the students, the Faculty and the friends of the institution and
also solicited the money to secure the much needed equipment for the
Science Department. When school opened September 11, 1907 the
sky above Lebanon Valley College was bright with promise. A new
chord of hannony had been touched and with the ideal of the Christ-
ian College ever before its managers and patrons and a holy purpose
forever within them their desire is unitedly to move forward confid-
ing in Him who says to His followers to-day : ' ' All power is given
unto me in heaven and on earth."
10 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
GENER.AL INFORMATION
Buildings and Grounds
There are seven buildings on the campus in use, the Carnegie
Library, the Engle Music Hall, the Women's Dormitory, the Men's
Dormitory, the Academy Building, the Heating Plant, and the
Administration building.
THE CARNEGIE LIBRARY, a building of the Gothic style of
architecture, was erected in 1904. It contains reading rooms, stack
rooms, and seminar rooms, together with a large assembly room, at
present used for general lecture purposes, and later intended to be
converted into a stack room.
THE ENGLE MUSIC HALL, of Hummelstown brownstone,
erected in 1889, contains the college chapel, used for all large college
gatherings, a director's office and studio, practice rooms, and a large
society hall. The building is well equipped with pianos and a large
pipe organ.
THE WOMEN'S DORMITORY was erected in 1905, and is a
building of beautiful proportions. In addition to rooms which will
accommodate forty-:five students, there are a society hall, a dining hall,
a well equipped kitchen, and a laundry.
THE MEN'S DORMITORY is a modern structure of brick with
Indiana limestone trimmings. It contains single and double rooms
and sixteen suites of two bed rooms with a separate study room.
These afford accommodations for eighty-five students. This building
was also erected in 1905.
THE ACADEMY BUILDING, the original building of the in-
stitution, and acquired by gift in 1866 when the College was founded,
is now used as a dormitory and recitation hall for the academy
students.
THE HEATING PLANT, erected in 1905, is in harmony with
the buildings above described. It contains a low pressure heating
system of the most perfect construction and supplies the heat for all
the buildings on the campus. It is constructed with a view to the in-
stallation of a light plant.
THE ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, is the most important
and central of the buildings. It is built of buff brick with terra cot-
ta trimmings, three stories high. It contains the recitation rooms of
the College and the laboratories of the science denartment. The
GENERAIv INFORMATION 11
department of art has here commodious and modern quarters. The
administration offices of fire proof construction are on the first floor.
To accommodate all these building's, the campus, orig-inally of
ten acres, has been recently enlarged by purchase. It occupies a
hig-h point in the cenlre of the town of Annville and is within easy
access of all trolley and railroad lines
The athletic field of five and one half acres is well located and
admirably adapted to the purposes for which it is intended. On it
are erected a good grand stand and bleachers.
Religious Work.
Recognizing that most of its students come from Christian fam-
ilies, the College has always tried to furnish religious training. It
believes in cultivating the heart as well as the mind, and encourages^
all wholesome means of promoting Christian influence.
Each school morning, a regular service is held in the college
chapel, at which the students are required to be present. At this
service there is singing, reading of scripture, and prayer. Members
of the Faculty conduct this service.
A students' prayer meeting is held once a week, and opportunities
for Bible study and mission study are ofl'ered by the Christian asso-
ciation in addition to those afforded by the regular curriculum.
A Bible Normal class is conducted to train Sunday school teach-
ers. The course extends over one year and a diploma is granted to
all who complete the course.
All resident students of the College are required to attend public
worship in churches of their choice every Sunday.
The religious life during the past year has been earnest and help-
ful, and patrons may feel satisfied that high, moral influences are
being exerted constantly over their children.
College Orgcii^izatlons.
p, , . The College has flourishing Young Men's and
Young Women's Christian Associations, which hold
Assocaations. regular weekly devotional services and conduct
special courses of Bible and mission study, often in charge of mem-
bers of the Faculty.
These organizations frequently are visited by the general secre-
taries, who infuse enthusiasm into the work. Membership is volun-
12 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
tary, and the success of these societies is an almost certain index of
the real condition of the religious life at Lebanon Valley College.
Under these auspices numerous public lectures, entertainments,
and socials are held, so that they contribute incalcuably to the plea-
sure of the student body. They are the centre of the spiritual wel-
fare of the students and deserve the hearty support of all connected
with the College.
Excellent opportunities for literary improvement
Literary ^^^ parliamentary training" are afforded by the societies
Societies ^^ ^^^ college. There are three of these societies — one
sustained by the young ladies, the Clionian, and two by the young
men, the Kalozetean and the Philokosmian. They meet every Fri-
day evening in their well furnished halls for literary exercises con-
sisting of orations, essays, and debates. These societies are con-
sidered valuable agencies in college work, and students are advised
to unite with one of them.
The Athletic Association is composed of all stu-
. . dents and others connected with the College, who
Association ^^^ ^^^q required athletic fee. It elects besides its
own officers, the managers of the various athletic teams.
The direct supervision of athletics is in the hands of the committee
of the association, called the executive board of athletics. This
board is made up of seven members as follows : Two members of the
Faculty of the college ; the president of the association, who is ex-
officio president of the board ; the base ball, foot ball, and basket ball
managers, and the treasurer of the association.
The Biological Field Club offers to any student of
mo ogica ^j^g College an opportunity to collect, study, and discuss
objects of interest in the field of living nature. Fre-
quent excursions are made to places of special interest to members of
the club.
The Historical Society of Lebanon Valley College
IS onca ^g organized by the students who have elected the his-
ocie y torical-political group together with such others as
may be especially interested in historical studies. The purpose of
the organization is to stimulate among the students the spirit of his-
torical research. Members of the society are collecting material for
a museum, which will be arranged in proper form as soon as suitable
provision can be made in one of the new buildings. The society
holds stated meetings, at which papers are read and subjects of his-
toric importance are discussed. The members of the society from
time to time visit places of historic note.
GENERAL INFORMATION 13
In order to stimulate interest in the study of the
® ®*'" ^"" modern languages, at the request of the junior and
guage a senior students of the modern languag'e group, a club
has been formed under the direction of the adviser of the group.
The club meets every third Saturday afternoon or evening as occa-
sion suggests. Student programs alternate with lectures by the
teachers in the department.
Library and Recadmg R.ooms
The beautiful new Carnegie Library Building furnishes commo-
dious quarters for the growing library of the College. Each depart-
ment has its particular books for reference in addition to the large num-
ber of volumes for general reference and study. An annual amount
is appropriated by the Board of Trustees for the purchase of new
books, and plans are being made for the enlargement of the library
in order to meet the growing needs of the College.
Two large reading rooms on the first floor, splendidly lighted and
ventilated, and beautifully furnished, are provided with the leading
magazines and daily papers. Periodicals devoted to the special work
of each department are here, as well as magazines of general litera-
ture. On the second floor are six seminar rooms designed to be
equipped with the special works of reference for the various depart-
ments, where students doing the most serious work may study undis-
turbed.
Laborat^orles
The northern half of the Administration Building is fitted for
work in science. The Chemical laboratory occupies the first floor,
the Physical the second, and the Biological the third. Each depart-
ment has its general laboratory seventy feet by twenty eight. These
rooms are planned for practical working laboratories and the student
will find everything arranged for his convenience. Stock rooms
join the laboratories and the lecture rooms have seats with tablet
arms. Risers g'ive each student full view of the lecture table.
Literary ai^d Musical Advai^tages
During the college year, the student body has the privilege of
hearing lectures and talks delivered by resident professors and men
of note in church and literary circles.
14 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
The department of music tog-ether with the department of
public speaking- presents a number of prog-rams during- the year for
the pleasure and benefit of the general student body. Concerts and
recitals by prominent musicians are given under the patronage of
the department of music with the aim of creating in the student an
appreciation for the best in art.
For the last two years a lively interest in dramatics has been
aroused and sustained largely through the production of Shakes-
perean plays under the direction of the department of public speak-
ing. Various college organizations have likewise presented plays of
a high grade. These efforts in production help to broaden the
interests of the student and to increase his powers for aesthetic ap-
preciation.
A further means of enjoyment and education is the evening course
of five numbers including lectures and concert performers under
the management of the Christian associations of the College.
Scholarships
The College offers a limited number of one-hundred-dollar free
tuition scholarships to honor graduates of State Normal Schools and
approved high schools and academies. One scholarship is alloted to
the first honor g-raduate of our own academy.
Graduates of high schools and academies whose standard is not
equal to that of our own academy, may enter the senior year of the
academy and become competitors for our own academy scholarship.
Honor graduates of preparatory schools who have conditions may
be allowed to make them up in the freshmen year. If the first
semester's work shows a majority of [A's and nothing less than B in
all work including conditions, a scholarship may be awarded.
The Faculty and Executive Committee shall make all scholarship
awards.
Graduate Work
Since all its members are fully occupied with undergraduate work,
the Faculty deems it unwise to offer any work for the degree of Mas-
ter of Arts during the coming year. In rare cases sufficient resident
work upon certain advanced courses given may be outlined. But as
special action would be required in each case, no detailed announce-
ment can be made here. All inquiries about graduate work should
be addressed to the Dean.
GENERAL INFORMATION 15
Administration
^ , . The following are the advisers for the students in
each of the five groups in which courses of instruction are
offered: For the classical group, Professor Spangler; for the mathemat-
ical-physical, Professor Bender ; for the chemical-biological. Professor
Derickson ; for the historical-political, Professor Shenk ; for the
modern language. Professor Engle ; for the freshman class, Professor
John^ and for the Academy, Professor Spessard. The students of
each group are amenable to the advisers in all matters of conduct,
study and discipline. He is to grant leave of absence, permission to
go out of ,town, and excuses. His approval is necessary before a stu-
dent may register for or enter upon any course of study, or discon-
tinue any work. He is the medium of communication between the
Faculty and the students of his group, and in a general way stands
to his students in the relation of friendly counsellor.
. It is earnestly desired that students may be in-
*^ fluenced to good conduct and diligence by higher
motives than fear of punishment. The sense of duty and honor, the
courteous and general] feelings natural to young men and women
engaged in literary pursuits, are appealed to as the best regulators
of conduct. It is the ^policy of the administraticn to allow in all
things as much liberty as will not be abused, and the students are
invited and expected to co-operate with the Faculty ; but good order
and discipline will be strictly maintained and misconduct punished
by adequate penalties. The lav/s of the College are as few and
simple as the proper regulation of a community of young men and
women will .permit. The College will not place its stamp or bestow
its honors upon anyone who is not willing to deport himself becom-
ingly. No hazing of any kind will be permitted. Every unexcused
absence from any college duty, every failure or misdemeanor of a
student is reported to the Faculty, and a record made of the same.
The maximum number of hours, conditioned,
dasss ica 30i\ permitted for senior standing is four ; for junior
standing six, for sophomore eight, and for freshman — to be decided
for individual student by the committee on classification.
The permitted number of extra hours of work above that pre-
scribed by the curriculum is limited by the student's record for pre-
vious years as follows :
(a) Majority of A's, nothing less than B — no limit.
(b) Majority of B's, nothing less than C — four hour?.
(c) Lower record than (b) — no extra hours.
16 IvEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
The scholarship of students is determined by
Class Manning result of examinations and daily recitations
combined. The grades are carefully recorded.
Reports of standing- will be made to parent or guardian at end of
each term when desired by them, or when the Faculty deems it
expedient. The standing is indicated generally by classification in
six groups, as follows :
A signifies that the record of the student is distinguished.
B signifies that the record of the student is very good.
C signifies that the record is good.
D signifies the lowest sustained record.
E (conditioned) imposes a condition on the student. Conditions
incurred in January must be made up by June ; conditions incurred
in June must be made up by September. Failing to make up a
condition at the time appointed is equal to a record F.
F (failed completely) signifies that the student must drop or
repeat the subjects, and cannot be admitted to subjects dependent
thereon.
If the student's record as a whole is poor, he may be required to
repeat certain subjects, to repeat the year, or to withdraw.
The degree of bachelor of arts is conferred, by
uegree ^ ^^^^ ^^ ^j^^ Board of Trustees on recommendation of
and Diploma i]^q Faculty, upon students who have satisfactorily
completed any of the groups.
Expenses.
COLLEGE AND ACADEMY
Matriculation Fee, payable in advance $5.00 a year
Tuition — Twenty hours' work or less, in College .... 50.00 a year
Twenty-four hours' work or less, in Academy . 50.00 a year
Additional hours of work will be charged for at rate of $1.50
for each hour per semester.
Graduation Pee, payable 30 days prior to Commencement . . $10.00
Laboratory Fees, per semester :
Biology $6 00
Histology ..,...,...,. . 5 00
Embryology ....,,,.,«. 5 00
Comparative vertebrate anatomy , . . .... 6 00
Botany 2 00
Physiology 2 00
Chemistry 1 6 00
GENERAL INFORIvIATIOX 17
Other courses in chemistry 6 00
Physics 1 5 00
Elementary Physics 3 00
TABLE BOARD AXD ROOM EEXT
Table Board— Regular students, SlOi.OO a year ; $2.80 a week.
Five-day students, $74.00 a year ; S2.00 a week.
Room Rent 840 to 860 a year,
varying as one or two students occupy one room and accord-
ing to location of room.
Students rooming alone at their own request will be required to
pay full rent of the room.
A reduction of one-half of the regular fifty dollar tuition fee will
be made to children of ministers in the active work.
When two children are in attendance from the same family, a
discount of 10 per cent from the regular tuition is made.
Tuition and room rent are payable as follows: Twenty dollars at
the opening of the school year ; fifteen dollars after the Christmas
holidays and the balance after Easter recess. College privileges
will be extended only in accordance with the treasurer's card, held
by the student.
Table board must be paid for in advance, by the week, month or
term, as most convenient to the student. The domestic department
is not run for profit and the actual cost must be paid as incurred.
Laundry work will be done at the usual prices.
No reduction will be made in tuition and room rent for a semes-
ter except for protracted sickness.
Xo reduction will be made for table board for an absence of less
than a week.
A deposit of three dollars will be required of each dormitory
student upon entering school, to cover any damage to room during
year. Any unexpended balance will be returned to student at end
of year upon the return of key.
Students are required to furnish their own towels, napkins and
bedding except mattress. Every article of clothing and other per-
sonal property should be marked with the owner's full name.
Any student who receives beneficiary aid from the College may
be called upon to render service to the College as an equivalent for
all or a part of the aid so received.
Opportunity for self help is extended to a limited number of stu-
dents to the amount of their bills for tuition or room rent, and some-
times for both. Application for such favors should be made to the
President.
18 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Departments.
Lebanon Valley College comprises the following well organized
departments :
THE COLLEGE offeres five groups of study leading to the degree
of bachelor of arts. The groups bear the names of the leading
subjects included in them. The following are the names of the
groups : The classical, the mathematical-physical, the chemical-bio-
logical, the historical-political, and the modern language.
THE ACADEMY provides a four year's course designed to fit
young people for the freshman class in any college.
THE DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC offers full courses in instru-
mental and vocal music and grants diplomas to those who complete
either of the courses.
THE DEPARTMENT OF ART provides thorough instruction
in drawing and painting, with the aim of improving and developing
the aesthetic sense.
THE NORMAL DEPARTMENT has been organized to provide
a training school for teachers.
THE DEPARTMENT OF ELOCUTION.
Requirements for Admission.
Candidates for the Freshman class are entered on the basis of
"units." Sixteen units are required. A unit designates not less
than three one-hour periods or not less than four forty-five-minute
periods, or twice as many laboratory perious each week, continued
throughout a school year of at least thirty-four weeks in a State Nor-
mal School, or in an Academy or High School approved by the Fa-
culty of the College.
Entrance Subjects.
The following is a complete list of entrance subjects in which
applicants may receive credit for admission to the Freshman class.
Units should be selected according to the particular college course
that the student wishes to pursue. A statement of the specific re-
quirements for admission to each college course follows this list of
Entrance Subjects.
GENERAL INFORMATION 19
GRO^^P ".
/ Eng-lish A and B , .... 3 units
Algebra A . . . U units
Plane Geometry 1 unit
Solid Geometry i unit
Latin 4 units
GROUP II.
American History and Civil Government ... 1 unit
Ancient History , 1 unit
Medieval History 1 unit
English History 1 unit
GROUP III.
Greek 1 unit
German 1, 2 or 3 units
GROUP IV.
Physics 1 unit
Botany i or 1 unit
Chemistry , i or 1 unit
Physical Geography 1 unit
Zoology . i or 1 unit
Drawing i unit
Algebra-Intermediate i unit
Re^isirement in Detail.
The five courses offered by the College are : Classical, Historical-
Political^ Modern Language^ Chemical-Biological and Matheniatical-
Physical.
The entrance requirements for any of the above courses include
all the subjects in Group I. — Ten units.
For the Classical Cotirse — The candidate shall select in addition one
unit from Group II ; one unit of Greek and two units of German from
Group III ; one entire unit from any subject in Group IV ; and one
unit from Groups II, III or iV.
For the Historical- Political Course—The candidate shall select in
addition, two units from Group II ; two units from Group III ; one
full unit from Group IV ; and one unit from Groups II, III or IV.
For the Modern Language Course — The candidate shall select in
addition two units from Group II ; three units of German from
Group III ; and any one unit of science with laboratory requirement.
20 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
For the Chemical-Biological Course — The candidate shall select
one unit from Group II ; three units from Group III ; and two units
from Group IV.
For the Mathematical-Physical Course — The candidate shall select
in addition one unit from Group II: three units from Group III ;
Physics from Group IV ; and one unit from Groups II, III or IV.
A single year in any language will not be accepted unless the
language is continued in college.
Candidates who have had no Latin but have had six units of
French and German, or Greek and German or French and Greek may
pursue academy Latin and receive college credits for the last three
units.
Any other changes in the above requirements will be decided by
the Faculty and these only on condition that the applicant shall have
presented a written request to the Dean.
Ei\t^rcii^ce Subj€ct»s m Det^ail.
GROUP I.
English A. One and one-half units.
The ability to write good English is the one necessary require-
ment. Candidates will be expected to answer general questions
testing their knowlege of the following list of Classics for the year
1908 : Shakespeare's Macbeth, Shakespeare's The Merchant of
Venice, Coleridge's Ancient Mariner, Scotts Ivanhoe, Scott's Lady of
the Lake, George Eliot's Silas Marner, Irving's Life of Goldsmith
and Tennyson's Idyls of the King.
For the Years 1909, 1910, 1911: Group I. (Two to be selected.)
Shakespearejs As You Like It, Henry V., Julius Caesar, The
Merchant of Venice, Twelfth Night.
Group 11. (One to be selected.)
Bacons Essays, Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress Part 1, The Sir
Roger De Coverley Papers in the Spectator, Franklin's Autobio-
graphy.
Group III. (One to be selected.)
Chaucer's Prologue, Spenser's Faerie Queen (selections). Pope's
The Rape of the Lock, Goldsmith's The Deserted Village, Palgrave's
Golden Treasury (First Series) Books II and III, with especial atten-
tion to Dryden, Collins, Gray, Cowper and Burns.
Group IV. (Two to be selected.)
Goldsmith's The Vicar of Wakefield, Scott's Ivanhoe, Scott's
Quentin Durward; Hawthorne's The House of the Seven Gables,
GENERAL INFORMATION 21
Thackeray's Henry Esmond, Mrs. Gaskell's Cranford, Dicken's A
Tale of Two Cities, George Eliot's Silas Marner, Blackmore's Lorna
Doone.
Group V. (Two to be selected.)
Irving's Sketch Book, Lamb's Essays of Elia, De Quincey's Joan
of Arc and the English Mail Coach, Carlyle's Heroes and Hero Wor-
ship, Emerson's Essays (selected), Ruskin's Sesame and Lilies.
Group VI. (Two to be selected.)
Coleridgcs The Ancient Mariner, Scott's The Lady of the Lake,
Byron's Mazeppa and the Prisoner of Chillon, Palgrave's Golden
Treasury (First Series) Book IV with especial attention to Words"
worth, Keats, and Shelley, Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Rome, Foe's
Poem's, Lowell's The Vision of Sir Lanfal, Arnold's Sohrab and
Rustum, Longfellow's The Courtship of Miles Standish, Tennyson s
Gareth and Lynette, Lancelot and Elaine, and The Passing of Arthur,
Browning's Cavalier Tunes, The Lost Leader, How They Brought
the Good News from Ghent to Aix, Evelyn Hope, Home Thoughts
from Abroad, Home Thoughts from the Sea, Incident of the French
Camp, The Boy and The Angel, One Word More, Herve Riel,
Pheidippides.
English B. — One and a half units.
Study and Practice — This part of the examination presupposes
the thorough study of each of the works named below. The exami-
nation will be upon subject matter, form and structure. In addition,
the candidate may be required to answer questions involving the
essentials of English grammar, and questions on the leading' facts in
those periods of English literary history to which the prescribed
works belong.
The books set for this part of the examination will be :
For the year 1908 :
Shakespeare's Julius Caesar ; Milton's Minor Poems, L'AUegro,
II Penseroso, Comus. and Lycidas ; Burke's Conciliation with Amer-
ica, Macauley's Essay on the Life of Samuel Johnson ; Macauley's
Essay on Addison.
For the years 1909, 1910, 1911 :
Shakespeare's Macbeth ; Milton's Lycidas, Comus, L'AUegro,
and II Pnseroso ; Burke's Speech on Conciliation with America, or
Washington's Farewell Address and Webster's First Bunker Hill
Oration ; Macaulay's Life of Johnson, or Carlyle's Essay on Burns.
Algebra to Quadradics — One unit.
As treated in the larger texts of Wells, Wentworth, Tanner or
an equivalent. The four fundamental operations
22 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
common factor and least common multiple ; simple and complex
fractions ; powers and roots ; numeral and literal equations, and
problems based on linear equations ; radicals and theory of expon-
ents ; and simple equations of the second degree.
Plane Geometry — One unit.
As treated by Wentworth or an equivalent. The usual theorems
with orig-inal exercises on angles, triangles, similar polygons, circles,
areas, etc.
Solid Geometry — One-half unit.
As treated by Wentworth or equivalent. Relation of lines and
planes in space : prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones ; the sphere
and spherical triangles ; and the ability to apply Solid Geometry to
practical problems.
Latin — Four units:
First unit, Moore and Schlicher's First year Latin or its equiva-
lent including drill in Roman pronunciation, inflection and the im-
portant parts of syntax. "Pabulae Faciles " or some Latin reader.
Seeond unit — Bennet's or Allen and Greenough's Latin Grammar
or an equivalent ; the first four books of Caesar's Gallic War ; and
D'Oge's composition based on the text, two lessons a week.
Third unit — Six Orations of Cicero ; the four orations against
Catiline, the oration of Archias, and one other. Continuation of
composition.
Fourth unit — The first six books of Virgil's ^neid ; quantity
and versification ; reading at sight. History of the times of Caesar ^
Cicero and Virgil.
GROUP II.
American History — One unit.
The discovery, exploration and settlement of America ; the colon-
ial policy of England culminatinating in the Revolution; political,
economical and social history of the Uuited States since the adoption
of the Constitution.
Smith's Training for citizenship or its equivalent.
Ancient History to joo A. D. — One unit.
Greek history to the Fail of Corinth, and the history, in brief, of
the more ancient countries.
The history of the Roman Republic and the Empire to the time
of Constantine. Myers' Ancient History is the text.
Medi(Bval and Modern European History, — One unit.
As presented by Thatcher or an equivalent.
English History.— One unit.
V/alker's essentials in English History or its equivalent.
GENERAIv INFORMATION 23
GROUP III.
Beginner'' s Greek. — One unit, when continued in college. White's
First Greek Book.
German. — Three units.
German A. Elementary German. — One unit.
During- the first year the work should comprise : (1) Careful drill
upon pronunciation , (2) the memorizing- and frequent repetition of
easy colloquial sentences ; (3) drill upon the rudiments of grammar,
that is, upon the inflection of the articles, of such nouns as belong to
the language of every-day life, of adjectives, pronouns, weak verbs,
and the usual strong verbs ; also upon the use of the more common
prepositions, the simpler uses of the modal auxiliaries, and the ele-
mentary rules of syntax and word order ; (4) abundant easy exercises
designed not only to fix in mind the forms and principles of grammar,
but also to cultivate readiness in the reproduction of natural forms of
expression ; (5) the reading of from 75 to 100 pages of graduated texts
from a reader, with constant practice in translating into German easy
variations upon sentences selected from the reading lesson (the
teacher giving the English), and in the reproduction from memory of
sentences previously read.
German B. Elementary German {continued) — One unit.
During the second year the work should comprise : (1) The read-
ing of from 150 to 200 pages of literature in the form of easy stories
and plays ; (2) accompanying practice, as before, in the translation
into German of easy variations upon the matter read and also in
the off-hand reproduction, sometimes orally and sometimes in writ-
ing, of the substance of short and easy selected passages ; (3) con-
tinued drill upon the rudiments of the grammar, directed to the ends
of enabling the pupil, first, to use his knowledge with facility in the
formation of sentences, and, secondly, to state his knowledge correctly
in the technical language of grammar.
The following reading recommended in the report of the Com-
mittee of Twelve will furnish matter from which selections may be
made by the teacher : Andersen's Mdrchen and Bilderbuch ohne Bild.
er ; Arnold's Fritz auf Ferieyi ; Baumbach's Die No7ine and Der
Schwiegersohn ; Gerstacker's GermelsJiausen ; Heyse's L' Afrabbiata
Das Mddchen von Treppi^ and Anfang und Ende ; Hillern's Hoher
als die__Kirche ; Jensen's Die braune Erica ; Leander's Trdumereien,
3,nd. Kleine Geschichten ; Seidel's Mdrchen; Stokl's Unter dent Christ-
baum ; Storm's /ww^j,?^ and Geschichten aus der Tonne ; Zschokke's
Der zerbrochene Krug ; Hauff's Daskalte Herz ; Stern's Aus deutschen
Meisterwerken. Among shorter plays the best available are perhaps
24 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
'Benedix^s £>er Prozess, Der Weiberftend, and Gunstige Vorzeichen ;
YXt.''^ Er ist nicht eifersuchtig ; Wichert's An der Majorsecke ; Wil-
helmi's Einermuss Heiraten.
C hitennediate Gerinan. One unit. The work should comprise,
in addition to the elementary course (A and B), the reading of about
400 pag-es of moderately difficult prose and poetry, with constant
practise in giving, sometimes orally and sometimes in writing, para-
phrases, abstracts, or reproductions from memory of selected por-
tions of the matter read ; also grammatical drill upon the less usual
strong verbs, the use of articles, cases, auxiliaries of all kinds, tenses
and modes (with special reference to the infinitive and subjunctive),
and likewise upon word order and word formation.
The Intermediate course is supposed to be the elementary course
(A and B). plus one year's work at the rate of not less than four reci-
tations a week. Suitable reading matter for the third year can be
selected from such works as the following : Ebner-Eschenbach's Die
Freiherren vo7i Gemperlein; Freitag's Die Journalisten u?id Bilder aus
der deutschen Vergangenheit, for example, Karl der Grosse, Aus den
Kreuzzugen, Doktor Luther, Aus dem Staat Frtederich's des Grossen;
Fouque's Undine; Gerstacker's Irrfahrten; Goethe's Herrmann und
Dorothea and Iphigenie; Heine's Poems and Reisebilder; Hoffmann's
HistofTsche Erzdhhmgen; Lessing's Minna vo7i Barnhehn; Meyer's
Gustav Adolph^s Page; Moser's Der Bibliothekar ; Riehl's Novelle?i, for
example, Burg Neideck; Der Fluch der Schonheit, Der Stunime Rats-
herr. Das Spielmannskind; Rosegger's Waldheimat; Schiller s Def
Neffe als Onkel, Der Geisterseher^ Wilhelm Tell, Die Jungfrau von
Orleans, Das Lied von der Glocke, Balladen; Scheffel's Der Tronipeter
V071 Sdkkingen; Uhland's poems ; Wildenbruch's Das Edle Blut.
N. B. The requirement in German for admission to the Fresh-
man Class is the Elementary Course (A and B). Candidates not hav-
ing certificates that they have fulfilled the requirement will be sub-
jected to an entrance examination. College credit is given for
Intermediate German C, in 1908-1909.
GROUP IV.
Physics.— Ot^q unit.
As much as is contained in the text-book of Carhart and Chute,
or an equivalent. Laboratory work required.
Botany, — One unit.
As much as is contained in Gray's Lessons, or an equivalent.
Laboratory work. For the first 155 pages only, one-half unit.
Chemistry. — One unit.
GENERAL INFORMATION 25
Facility in the use of the Metric System and the familiarity with
the correct solution of problems on weight and volume relations of
equations ; acquaintance with the metals and non-metals. Labora-
tory work is indispensable.
For definite information concerning the half unit credit address
the Dean.
Physical Geography.— OnQ unit.
The equivalent of Davis' text-book.
Zoology. — One unit.
Types of all the phyla with laboratory notes and drawings.
Field observations and reports. Course as outlined by the committee
on college entrance requirements.
Intermediate Algebra. — One-half unit.
As treated by Wentworth or Tanner in their larger editions,
Quadratic Equations and problems depending on quadratic equations;
variation, ratio and proportion ; variables and limits ; properties of
series including the binomial theorem and positive integral expo-
nents and the formula for the n\\i term and the sum of the terms of
arithmetical and geometrical progression, with applications ; loga-
rithms.
Drawing. — One-fourth unit.
Freehand work and various kinds of geometrical figures. The
equivalent of one recitation a week throughout the year.
26
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
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DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION
Philosophy
PROFESSOR JOHN
1. Logic — Three hours. First Semester.
The aim is to acquaint the pupil with the laws of thoug"ht as re-
vealed in the nature of the human mind. A careful introductory
survey is made of the syllogism and of the scientific method, and a
drill is given in the detection and correction of logical fallacies.
Recitation and library references.
2. Psychology — Three hours. Second Semester.
General Psychology. — This course is planned to guide the stu-
dent in forming the habit of observing and interpreting mental
phenomena, and to lay a foundation for all the higher branches deal-
ing primarily with mental life. Recitation, lecture, experiment and
library references.
3. Psychology of Religion— [Sqq Bible and Religion and Philos-
ophy.
■A. History of Philosophy— T^o hours. Throughout the year.
A general survey is made of the field of Philosophy in general
with special emphasis upon Plato and Aristotle, and upon the systems
of Rationalism, Empircism and Idealism. The aim is to develop the
love of the truth, a discriminating judgment and independent think-
ing.
5. Ethics— Two hours. Throughout the year.
[a) Theoretical Ethics — The evolution of Ethical theories is
traced, the chief systems are criticised and perfection selected as the
standard most in harmony with the nature of man. The nature of
virtue and duty are named with reference to their training in life.
Mackenzie's Manual is used as a guide.
{b) Applied Ethies — The student is led in making a practical
application of the theory of Ethics to the solution of the problems of
our complex modern life. The study is constructive and represents
the students' own thinking.
(c) Christian Ethics — The purpose of this course is to lead the
pupil to see that the conclusions of Scientific Ethics, and the require-
ments of Applied Ethics necessitate the content of the teachings of
the Christ in order that the systems may be complete.
DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION 31
Lectures and theses. References: Aristotle, Kant, Fichte, Hegel,
Sidg-wick, Spencer, Paulson, Wundt, Seth, Dorner, Smyth, and others.
6. Ethics. (See catalogue, page 26).
7. Psychology and Philosophy of Religion — Two hours. Through-
out the year.
The religious nature of man is studied psychologically as mani-
fested in childhood, adolescence and maturity, including the
phenomena of conversion and Christian growth. A brief survey is
made of the historic religions, after which follows a study of the
Philosophy of Religion. Lectures, theses and reports. Starbuck's
Psychology of Religion and HolTding's Philosophy of Religion are
used as guides. References : James' Types of Religious Experience,
Biographies of prominent evangelists and religious leaders, and
general treatises over the historic religions.
Greek Language and Literature
PROFESSOR SPANGLER
1 b. Elementary Greek. — Five hours. Throughout the year.
Xenophon : Four books of the Anabasis. Greek Prose.
1 c. Advanced Greek. — Three hours. Throughout the year.
Homer : Three books of the Iliad, scansion, sight translation,
epic poetry. Greek antiquities, Greek literature and Greek prose.
1. Junior Greek. — Three hours. Throughout the year.
Herodotus : Selections from several of the books are read. Re-
view^ of the Greek historians and the Persian Wars.
Plato : Apology and Crito. The Athenian courts.
New Testament ; Readings in the Pauline epistles.
2. Senior Greek. — Three hours. Throughout the year.
Xenophon : Memorabilia, or Demosthenes ; De Corona. Socrates
and the Socratic schools. The Attic oration.
Sophocles : Oedipus Tyrannus, or Aeschylus : Prometheus
Bound. Development of the Greek drama. Greek tragedy, comedy
and theater.
3. Junior Elective Gjrek.— Three hours. Throughout the year.
New Testament : Readings in the gospels of Mark and John and
in the Pauline and Catholic epistles. The object of this course is
exegetical and practical. It will include a study of the synoptic gos-
pels and a survey of the letters of Paul.
32 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Latin Language and Literature.
PROFESSOR SHIPPEE.
1. Freshman Latin — Four hours. Throughout the year.
(a) Livy : This course includes Book XXI, and parts of Book
XXII, describing Hannibal's advance upon Rome to the battle of
Cannse. The author's style and peculiarities of syntax are studied.
Prose composition based upon the text. Special chapters of Roman
history are assigned. Wilkin's Roman Antiquities. Grammar is
reviewed.
(b) Cicero : De Senectute (1907,) or De Amiciatia (1908) is read.
Special studies in syntax and prose composition based upon the text.
(c) Horace : Selections from the Odes and Epodes. A careful
study is made of the poetical constructions, historical and illustrative
facts, an analysis of the thought and general interpretation of each
ode and epode read. The meters of Horace are carefully studied.
2. Sophomore Latin—^YiVQ^YiQwc^. Throughout the year.
(a) Horace: Satires and Epistles. Selected satires and epistles;
Ars Poetica. Special attention will be paid to the argument, style,
and character portrayal, also their place in literature. Historical
outlines of Roman literature. Bender's text and lectures.
(b) Tacitus: Germania and Agricola. The historical and literary
importance of both are brought out in the study of these works.
(c) Quintilian. Books X. XII. This course aims to give a
comprehensive view of the principles of rhetoric and oratory as
taught by the Romans. This course alternates with course 2b.
3. Junior Latin — Two hours. Throughout the year.
(a) Cicero : De Officiis. This text is made the basis for the study
of ethics as taught by Cicero and his predecessors.
(b) Plautus and Terence. Selected plays are read from these
authors.
(c) Juvenal. This course alternates with 3b. Selected satires
are read and are made the basis for a study of the character of the
times.
4. Senior Latin — Two hours Throughout the year.
(a) Cicero's Letters. May be arranged for semester or year, as
determined by the class at the beginning of the year. A study of
the character and career of Cicero is made from selected letters
and from other historical and biographical sources.
(b) Remnants of Early Latin, (Allen and Egbert,) or Cicero De
Orators may be taken up as elective in senior year.
DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION 33
French Language and Lit>eraLure
PROFESSOR SHIPPEE
1. Eleuientary Course — Three hours. Throughout the year.
French Grammar (Eraser and Squair) ; Contes et Legendes ;
Aldrich and Foster's French Reader ; Mairet's La Tache du Petit
Pierre ; Bruno's Le Tour de la France ; L'Abbe Constantin ; Le Con-
scrit ; La Poudre aux Yeux ; Jeanne D'Arc.
2. Intermediate Course — Three hours. Throug-hout the year.
Bouvet's French Composition ; Colomba ; Carmen and Other
Stories (Merimee) ; Sand's La Petite Fadette and La Mare au Diable;
Bowen's French Lyrics; Corneille's Le Cid ; Racine's Athalie ;
Moliere's L'Avare ; Maupassant's Contes Choisis ; Feuillet's Le
Roman d'un Jeune Homme Pauvre ; Foncin's Le Pays de France ;
Augier's Le Gendre de Monsieur Poirier ; About's Le Roi des Mont-
agnes.
Other texts than those mentioned will be read. This course aims
to give the student ease in reading French prose and verse and facil-
ity in writing simple French prose.
3. Nineteenth Cejitiiry Literature — Three hours. Throughout the
year.
Composition will be continued throughout the year. A hasty
survey of French Literature will be made, for which Pellissier's Lit-
terature Francaise will be the text book. Several of the great
novels will be read ; De Vigny : Cinq Mars ; Victor Hugo : Les
Miserables ; Notre Dame de Paris . Balzac : Eugenie Grandet ; Le
Cure de Tours. Poetry, drama and historical prose will also be ex-
tensively read.
4. Classical French Literature — Three hours. Throughout the
year.
The greater part of the works of Moliere, Racine, and Corneille
will be read. There will also be wide reading in the prose works of
the classic writers, including Voltaire, Bossuet, Descartes, La Bruy-
dre, Pascal, Mme De Sevinge, Mme de La Fayette, and Fenelon.
This course will alternate with course 5. Not given in 1908-1909.
5. Composition and Conversation — Three hours. Throughout the
year.
The object of this course is to enable the student to write French
with ease and to speak it with considerable fluency. In the latter
part of the year some English classic will be the basis of the written
work.
This course is elective for students who have completed Course
2, and for those who have completed Course 1, with high credit.
34 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
German Language and Literature.
PROFESSOR ROEDER.
The courses in this department are designed to give the student
a general knowledge and understanding of the German language,
life, literature and thought. They bring the student into touch
with the character and genius of the German people.
Special emphasis is laid upon social conditions and political
events, and upon the relations of the German to the English and to
the classical languages.
To this end systematic attention is paid to pronunciation, read-
ing, etymology and conversation. In the advanced courses special
emphasis is laid upon the study of the literature. The idiomatic sen-
tence and modern colloquial language form the basis of the work in
composition. In order to give students an opportunity to become
familiar with the spoken idioms, the translation into English is dis-
continued as soon as possible and expressive reading of the German
text with free reproduction is substituted ; the students begin early
to use the German in recitations, and several of the advanced courses
are conducted almost entirely in German. Reading and translation
at sight are cultivated. Private reading of assigned texts accom-
panies the work in the advanced courses.
Other texts may at- times be substituted for some of those indi-
cated.
1. First Year German — Five hours. First Semester.
Drill in pronunciation, memorizing easy sentences, the rudiments
of grammar with easy exercises illustrating grammatical forms and
principles, and the reading of 100 to 150 pages of graduated texts.
Bierwirth's Beginning German.
2. Composition and Reading — Five hours. Second Semester.
Wesselhoft's Composition and Syntax, reading of 250 to 300 pages
of choice selections of modern fiction, and free reproduction of texts
previously read.
Courses i and 2 are required of classical students who have had
Latin and Greek, but do not offer German for admission. The work
represents five to six terms of ordinary high school German, but may not
be taken to remove language requirements J or adtnission to college.
3. Intermediate German — Four hours. Throughout the year.
First Semester, German Drama.
Rapid reading of dramas of the eighteenth and nineteenth cen-
turies.
Second Semester. Prose of Modern Historians and Critics.
DEPARTMENTS OP INSTRUCTION 35
Rapid reading of selections from history, political writings, and
literary criticism.
Courses /, 2, and s^ must be taken consecutively and are required oj
all students electing the Classical group. Students who wish to contiiiue
the study of German may elect any of the following courses {except ja).
3a. Intermediate German — Pour hours. Throughout the year.
Review of grammar; composition; reading and conversation.
Bierwith's Elements of Gennafi, von Jagemann's Composition^
and reading of modern prose, narrative and dramatic, with practice
in free reproduction ; original themes. Selections from Riehl, Prey-
tag and Schiller.
Required of all students {except classical) who have not oftered third
year German at entrance. See statement of Academy German C, page
^4. {Not given after igo8-igog.)
4. German Literature to the Reformation — Three hours.
Throughout the year.
Kluge's Geschichte der Deutschen Literatur. Lectures in Ger-
man and collateral reading of representative works. Freytag, Karl
der Grosse ; Vilmar, Niebelungen Lied ; Von Richter, Walter tend
Hildegunde ; Konig Rother ; Der arme Heinrich ; Thomas' Anthology.
Open to students who have had course j, 3a or Academy German C.
5. History of Germa^i Literature to the Nineteenth Century. — Three
hours a week through the first semester.
Study of the principal writers of the Reformation Period.-- De-
velopment of the German Language. — Lessing and his works.
Holzwarth's German Manual y^SW. be used.
6. German Romanticism, — Three hours a week through the
second semester. Influence of German philosophers upon the Roman-
tic Movement. Poets of the War of Liberation. Koerner's Zriny. —
Study of the social and political life oi the time.
Course 6 is a continuation of course 5.
7. Goethe-Schiller. — Three hours a week throughout the year.
After studying the lives of these two great German poets, their
works will be discussed.— Holzwarth's Goethe-Schiller Leitfadenm.2iY
be used. Faust (Part I) and a history of the Paust legend will be
studied in the first semester, and Schiller's IVallenstein, or Die Braut
von Messina^ or The Thirty ^ears^ War, and the Lyrics and Ballads in
the second semester. Private reading. Lectures in German.
CoHJse 7 alternates with course 10. Offered in igoS-igog.
8. Critical Prose. — Three hours a week through the year.
Historical, philosophical, economic and journalistic German,
largely concerning Germany. Paszkowsky: Einfuhrung in die Kennt-
nis Deutschlands \ Tombo, Deutsche Reden.
36 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Prescribed for sophomores in the Historical- Political group, P^^e-
reqitisite : Course j or ja,
9. Scientific German. — Two hours a week throughout the year.
A course in Elementary Physics, Chemistry and Botany. The
course is designed to give a practical, scientific German vocabulary
as well as the ability to read rapidly ordinary scientific material.
By the end of the course students should be able to read understand-
ingly any ordinary newspaper or magazine article of a scientific
nature, and to understand the simple spoken language. Hodge's
Scientific German ; Blochman's Scientific German ; Readings in cur-
rent scientific literature.
Required of sophomo7^es in the Mathematical-Physical group. Pre-
requisite : Course ja.
10. Ger^nan Literature in the Nineteenth Ceyitury. — Two hours a
week throughout the year.
The development of the German drama will be considered in the
first semester and the German novel in the second semester. Lec-
tures and discussions of the representative writers of the century.
Selections from Sudermann, Hauptmann, Keller, Baumbach and
Scheft'el will be read.
11. Teachers' Course. — German Pedagogy. One hour a week
throughout the year.
First Semester. History of the German language. Lectures will
be based upon Behagel's Deidsche Sprache^ with frequent reference to
the best known school grammars. An acquaintance with the older
periods of German, though d3sirable, is not required.
Second Semester. Methods of instruction in German will be dis-
cussed. Germany and German life, text-books, and the teachers'
equipment will be considered. This course is intended for students
who expect to teach German. Each student is required to lecture to
the class at least once during the year. Open to graduate students,
teachers, and advanced undergraduates who have had at least three
years of German. Saturdays, 9.
English Language and Ll6erat>ure
PROFESSOR ENGLE.
la. Theory and Practice of English Composition — Two hours.
First Semester.
A careful study of the elements of practical English composition
in connection with the writing of long and short themes. Weekly
conference with the instructor.
DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION 37
lb. American Literature— "Y^o hours. Second Semester.
The history of American literature with reference to the founda-
tional principles underlying its development. Lectures, recitations,
and weekly themes from a prescribed reading- list. Text : Pattee :
American Literature ; and Wendell : A Literary History of America.
2a Principles of Argumentation. One hour. Throughout the
year.
A study and application of the principles of argumentation. Brief
drawing. Leading questions of the day studied and debated in class.
Text : Baker's Principles of Argumentation, and Specimens of Argu-
mentation.
2b History of English Language— Ox^q hour. Throughout the
year.
Lectures, 'discussions and specially assigned studies in the develop-
ment of the language.
Lounsbury : History of English Language.
3. History of English Literature — Three hours throughout the
year.
A comprehensive survey of the history of English literature will
be given by means of lectures, reference to leading critics and pre-
scribed reading. Moody and Lovett: History of English Literature,
and Page: British Poets of the Nineteenth Century. The reading
list for 1908-9 is as follows :
Beowolf (selections); Chaucer: Prologue, Knight's Tale, Nun's
Priest's Tale; Malory: King Arthur Books I and II ; ^Spenser.
Fairie Queen, Book I, Shepherd's Calendar ; Marlowe : Jew of Malta ;
Shakespeare: As you Like it, ^"Hamlet, Richard III, Tempest ; Jonson:
Alchemist; Bacon: Essays (selected); Milton: Paradise Lost, ^Sonnets;
Dryden : MacFlecknoe, Alexander's Feast , Palamon and Arcite,
Preface to the Fables ; Swift : Gulliver's Travels, Conversation ;
Pope : Rape of the Lock, Essay on Man ; Johnson : Milton, Rasselas;
Goldsmith : She Stoops to Conquer, The Traveller, The Deserted
Village ; Gray : Elegy ; Burns : Cotter's Saturday Night and ^other
poems ; Lamb : Essays of Elia (selected); De Quincy : Confessions of
an Opium-Eater ; Carlyle : Hero and Hero Worship ; Ruskin : Sesame
and Lillies;From Page's British Poets of Nineteenth Century are
studied representative poems of Wordsworth, Coleridge, Scott, Byron,
Shelley, Keats, Langdon, Tennyson, the Brownings, Clough, Arnold,
*Works marked (*) are studied in class, other works are read out-
side and discussed in class.
38 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Rossetti, Morris, and Swinburne. Novels—Scott: Kenilworth,
Dickens : Tale of Two Cities, Thackeray : Vanity Fair, and George
Eliot : Adam Bede, are studied with outlines.
4. Advanced Theme Course — Two hours. Throughout the year.
A study of structure in the various forms of composition. Short
themes; fortnightly long themes and one thesis will be required.
Conferences with the instructor.
5. English Drama to 1642 — Three hours. First Semester.
This course combines the theory of drama and the history of
English drama to the closing of the theatres in 1642. Proper pros-
pective is secured by tracing dramatic development from the time of
the Greeks. At the close of the course the main tendencies since
1642 are briefly outlined.
Students are required to read the typical plays of Lyly, Peele,
Nash, Green, Marlowe, Shakespeare, Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher,
Webster, and Ford. References are made to the best contemporary
dramatic criticism.
Manly : Specimens of Pre-Shakespearean Drama.
Woodbridge : Technique of the Drama.
[Not given in 1908-9.]
6. Poetics — Three hours. Second Semester.
In the course the theories of Aristotle, Horace, Vida, Boileau,
Jonson, Sidney, Dryden, Addison, Shelley, Hunt, Coleridge, Hazlitt
and Arnold are studied, and poetry is studied technically, Each
student prepares his own book of extracts from various poems, and
this is made the basis of work in scansion. The aim above all else is
to create a love for poetry built upon a sound mental foundation.
Gummere : Handbook Poetics ; Saintsbury : Loci Critici. [not
given in 1908—9]
7. Old English. Three hours. First Semester.
This course aims to give the student an elementary knowledge of
English in its oldest forms and to fit him for advanced university
work in English philology.
Smith : Old English Grammar ; Bright : Anglo-Saxon Reader.
8. Middle English. Three hours. Second Semester.
Extensive reading of Chaucer's : Canterbury Tales (edition of
Morris and Skeat in Clarendon Press Series.) Students must be ac-
quainted with French ; and Old English is desirable for the success-
ful prosecution of the course.
Pollard : Chaucer Primer ; Emerson : Middle English Reader.
DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION 39
9. The Novel afid Literary Criticism. Three hours. First Sem-
ester.
The history and nature of the novel will be studied with an
introduction to the principles of literary criticism. (Students will be
expected to read the following- novels in their chronological order.)
Sidney : Arcadia ; Bunyan : Pilgrim's Progress ; Swift : Tale of
a Tub ; Defoe : Captain Singleton ; Richardson : Pamela ; Ann Rad-
cliffe : Mysteries of Uldolpho ; Jane Austen : Pride aud Predjudice ;
Scott : Ivanhoe ; Charlotte Bronte : Jane Eyre ; Thackery : Henry
Esmond ; Dickens : David Copperfield ; Trollope: Barchester Towers;
George Eliot : Middlemarch ; George Meredith : Ordeal of Richard
Feverel ; Stevenson : Treasure Island ; Winchester : Principles of
Literary Criticism ; Perry : A Study of Prose Fiction ; Cross : De-
velopment of the Novel.
10. Shakespeare^ Three hours. Second Semester.
Critical reading of four plays. Rolfe edition will be used. Stu-
dents will study Dowden: Shakespeare Primer, and Lee : Life of
Shakespeare, and will read ten of Shakespeare's plays outside
of class.
MathemaLios and Ast*ronomy.
MATHEMATICS
PROFESSOR LEHMAN.
1. Advanced Algebra — Four hours. First Semester.
Covering ratio and proportion, variation^ progressions, the
binomial theorem, theorem of undetermined coefficients, logarithms,
permutations and combinations, etc. Hawkes' Advanced Algebra.
2. Plane and Spherical Trigonometry — Four hours. Second
Semester.
Definitions of trigonometric functions, goniometry, right and
oblique triangles,measuring angles to compute distances and heights.
Wentworth.
3. Analytic Geometry — Three hours. Throughout the year.
The equations of the straight line, circle, ellipse, parabola and
hyperbola are studied, and as much of the higher plane curves and
of the geometry of space as time will permit. Tanner and Allen.
4. Differential Calculus— T\ivqq hours. First Semester.
Differentiation of algebraic and transcendental functions, maxima
40 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
and minima, development into series, tangents, normals, evolutes,
envelopes, etc. Osborne.
5. Integral Calculus. — Three hours. Second Semester.
Integrations, rectification of curves, quadrature of surfaces, cuba-
ture of solids, etc. Osborne.
6. Plane Surveying — Three hours. Second Semester.
A study of the instruments, field work, computing areas, plot-
ting, leveling, etc. Wentworth.
/. Differential Equations — Three hours. First Semester.
A course in the elements of differential equations.
Prerequisite, Mathematics 3, 4 and 5. Murray.
8. Analytic Mechanics — Three hours. Second Semester.
Bowser.
Prerequisite, Mathematics 7.
ASTRONOMY
PROFESSOR LEHMAN
1. General Astronomy — Four hours. First Semester.
The department is provided with a fine four-and-a-half-inch
achromatic telescope equatorially mounted, of which the students
make free use. Young.
History and Political Science.
PROFESSOR SHENK.
1. MedicBval and Modern History — Three hours. Throughout
the year.
A general course prescribed in all the groups. Papers, special
reports, and theses, based on available original [sources, will be
required of all students. Robinson : History of Western Europe :
Readings from European History.
2. English Economic History — Three hours. First Semester.
The economic life and development of the English people during
mediaeval and modern times. Special attention will be given to the
manor system, the guilds, growth of commerce, the industrial
revolution, the rise of trade unions, and the relation of government
DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION 41
to industry. Cheyney : The Industrial and Social History of Eng-
land ; Gib bins : Industry in England.
3. English Constitutional History — Three hours. Second
Semester.
The English Constitution and its historical development. A
careful study of important documents will be made. Taswell-Lang-
meade : Constitutional History of England.
4. United States Constitutional History — Three hours. Through-
out the year.
A full course covering the colonial and constitutional periods.
An extensive reading course of original and secondary sources is
required. Channing : Students' History of the United States ;
Macdonald : Select Charters ; Macdonald : Select Documents.
5. Historical and Practical Politics — Three hours. First Semester
The development of the leading governments of the world, and
a comparative study of the same. Woodrow Wilson : The State.
6. International Law — Three hours. Second Semester.
A course in the fundamental principles of International Law.
Much time is given to the study of important cases.
Ecoi^omlcs anA Sociology
PROFESSORS SHENK AND RUPP.
1. Economics — Three hours. First Semester.
A general course in economic theory, supplemented by consid-
eration of practical current problems. The standpoints of the
different schools will be carefully considered, Bullock : Introduc-
tion to the Study of Economics.
2. Current Labor Problems— "^\\vQ<d hours. Second Semester.
A course devoted principally to the important labor problems of
the present day : Strikes, labor organizations, employers' associa-
tions, arbitration, trade agreement, labor legislation, etc.
3. Sociology — Three hours. Second Semester.
This course is intended to give the student a knowledge of the
various theories of society together with the place of sociology in
the general field of learning.
4. Sociology— K study of defective and delinquent classes. For
graduates and undergraduates.
5. Seminar in Sociology. Subjects to be selected. For graduates
and undergraduates.
42 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
English Bible
PROFESSOR JOHN
1. New Testament.— ^^0 hours. Throughout the year.
Inductive study of the life and teaching's of Jesus Christ as
contained in the Gospels [1908-1909] .
2. New Testament — Two hours through the year.
The Acts and Epistles. Attention is given to the geographical
and historical incidents in the life of Paul. A careful inductive study
will be made of some of the Pauline Epistles [1909-1910] .
3. Old Testame7it.— Two hours. First semester.
Inductive study of the Old Testament laws [1908-9].
4. Old Testament Prophecy /.—Two hours. First Semester
[1907-8].
Old Testament Prophecy IT.— Two hours. Second Semester
[1908-9].
Courses 4 and 5 cover Old Testament prophecies. They are
studied inductively in their chronological and historical setting.
6. The Psalms and Old Testament Wisdom.— Two hours. Second
Semester [1907-8].
Hebrew psalmody will be studied as literature and as an expres-
sion of the national and religious life of Israel. Proverbs, Job,
Ecclesiastes and Lamentations will be taught, with a comparative
study of the Apocryphal books, Ecclesiasticus and the Wisdom of
Solomon-
Biology
PROFESSOR DERICKSON
The courses of instruction cover four years, They are recog-
nized as being as valuable in developing the powers of the mind as
the other courses in the college curriculum, in that they develop the
powers of observation and thought essential to the understanding of
all phases of the phenomena of human existence.
The courses have been outlined with a three fold purpose in view.
First, to meet ths demand for a general training in biology,
caused by the recently established conclusion among educators, that
a knowledge of the principles of biology is not only a useful but an
essential factor in any course of training in which social and moral
questions are to be considered.
DEPARTMENTS OF INSTRUCTION 43
Second, to meet the demand of the high schools for college
trained teachers in biology.
Third, to lay a broad foundation in the science for those who
desire to pursue post graduate courses in universities and medical
colleges.
Students desiring to elect a single year's work in biology are ad-
vised to elect 1 — b ; if two years, 1 — a and 1 — b or 1 — b and 3 and 4,
depending on the object in view. Those contemplating a career in
medicine, or the profession of teaching biology or a post graduate
course in biology, are urged to complete all the courses offered.
Description of Courses
Biology^ i-a Botany. Four hours. Two lectures or recitations
and two laboratory periods of two hours each, each week. Through-
out the year. The object of the course is to give the student a broad
general knowledge of the plant kingdom. The form, structure and
functioning of one or more types of each of the divisions of algae,
fugae, liverworts, mosses, ferns and flowering plants, are studied.
Special attention is given to the ontogeny and phylogeny of the
several groups suggestive of evolution.
Experiments are performed in the physiological laboratory to de-
termine some of the relations of plants to water, gravitation, temper-
ature and light. Several types of seeds are studied as to their struc-
ture, germination and development. The principals of classification
are learned by the analysis and identification of representatives of at
least-twenty-five orders of spermatophytes.
The laboratory and class room work is supplemented by frequent
field trips.
Each student is supplied with a compound microscope, dissecting
instruments, note and drawing materials and portfolio.
Required of freshmen in chemical-biological group. Elective for
others.
Biology i-b. General Biology. Four hours throughout the year.
To be preceded by course 1 in drawing. Three lectures and two
laboratory periods of two hours each, each week.
The principles of biology are learned by making a careful com-
parative study of representatives of several phyla of plants and ani-
mals. In the laboratory particular attention is given to animal forms
The amoeba, euglena, paramoecium, vorticella, hydra, starfish, earth-
worm, crayfish, grasshopper, mussel and frog are studied. A careful
study is made of the embryology of the frog. The process of develop-
44 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
ment is closely watched from the segmentine of the egg until
metamorphosis takes place. Each student is taught the principles of
technic by preparing and sectioning embryos at various stages of
development. From these and other microscopic preparations the
development of the internal organs is studied.
Each student is required to keep a record of all work done in the
laboratory in carefully prepared notes and drawings.
For sophomores in the Chemical-Biological group. Elective for
others.
Texts: — Parker's Elementary Biology; Sedgwick and Wilson's
General Biology ; Holmes' The Frog.
Biology 2. — Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy. Four hours through-
out the year. Six hours laboratory work and one lecture or quiz
each week.
The course consists of the dissection and thorough study of a
suctorial fish, a cartilaginous fish, a bony fish, an amphibian, a rep-
tile, a bird and a mammal. Carefully labeled drawings are required
of each student as a record of each dissection.
Texts : — Pratt's Vertebrate Zoology, Parker's Zootomy.
Assigned studies in Wiedersheim's Comparative Anatomy and
Kingsley's Text-book of Vertebrate Zoology.
Biology 3. — Vertebrate Histology. Pour hours. Beginning of the
year to the end of the first week in March. One lecture, one quiz
and five hours laboratory work each week.
The normal histology of the human body is made the basis of the
class work. Each student is required to acquire a jDractical knowl-
edge of all phases of histological technic.
All the tissues as well as the structure of all of the organs of the
body are studied. Each student prepares about one hundred and fifty
slides.
Text : — Ruber's Text Book of Histology, Bohm and Davidoif .
Elective for juniors and seniors.
Biology ^. — Embryology of Vertebrates. Second week in March to
the end of the year. Two lectures and five hours laboratory work
each week. The laboratory work is based on the development of the
chick and comparisons made with that of the frog and mammal. A
study is made of living embryos at various stages of development.
These are later killed by the student and prepared and sectioned for
the study of the development of the internal organs. Fully labeled
drawings are required.
Texts : — Elements of Embryology, Foster and Balfour.
Elective for juniors and seniors.
DEPARTMENTS OF IXSTRUCTION 45
Chemistry.
PROFESSOR BENDER
1. General Inorganic Chemistry — Four hours. Throughout the
year.
Consisting of three hours lectures and recitations and four. hours
laboratory work per week. Non-metals, metals, their metallurgy,
compounds, theoretical chemistry, modern applications, problems and
written exercises.
Conversational lectures with demonstrations. The object of the
course is to g'ive the student a comprehensive knowledge of general
chemistry and to lay a stable foundation for advanced work in that
science.
Newell 's Descriptive Chemistry is used as a text during the
early part of the course and is followed by Remsen's College Chem-
istry, which represents the ground covered in the class room and is
taken as a guide for laboratory work.
The course pre supposes no previous knowledge of chemistry.
2. Qua lit 2 tire Ajialysis — Four hours First semester.
Pre-requisite Chemistry 1. This course consists of one lecture
and eight hours laboratory work per week.
The object of the course is to familiarize the students with the
best methods of separating and detecting the metals and acids. The
reactions of the general qualitative reagents on solutions of com-
pounds, of the elements, is first studied. The student then classifies
the elements into groups, basing the classification on his own experi-
mental work. His accuracy is tested by unknowns at every step.
Texts : Dennis and Whittelsey's Qualitative Analysis, Parts of
Prescott and Johnson's Qualitative Chemical Analysis. Constant
reference is made to Fresenius and other standard works.
3. Quantitative Analysis — Gravimetric — Four hours. Second
semester.
Pre-requisite Chemistry 2. Theory and practice of quantitative
laboratory methods. The work of the course includes one lecture
and a minimum of eight hours of laboratory work per week. Accu-
racy is insisted upon as a first requisite.
This course includes the determination of water of cyrst, in cop-
per sulphate, barium chloride and magnesium sulphate, preparation
of pure salts, determination as oxides of aluminum, copper, nickel,
iron, strontium, calcium, lead and zinc, determination of metals as
46 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
oxalate, sulphate, sulphide, phosphate, chromate and chloride, com-
plete analysis of several alloys and minerals.
Text : Olsen's Quantitative Chemical Analysis.
4. Quantitative Analysis — Gravimetric and Volumetric — Four
hours. First semester.
Pre-requisite, Chemistry's. Electrolytic determination of metals,
calibration, of flasks, pipettes, bulbs and burettes, acidimetry, stan-
dard acids and alkalies. Methods for determination of nitrogen,
titration of boric and carbonic acids, oxidation and reduction methods,
iodometric methods.
This course may be extended throughout the year, to include the
analysis of iron, steel and coal, assay of iron ores, silicates, fertili-
zers. The flexibility of the course allows the student to do special
work.
Texts : Olsen's Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Blair's Chemi-
cal Analysis of Iron.
5. Organic Chemistry— H^o hours. Throughout the year.
Pre-requisite, Chemistry 1. One lecture and three hours
of laboratory work per week. A study of the principal compounds of
carbon. This series of carefully selected experiments illustrate the
methods used in preparing the principal classes of carbon compounds
and the fundamental reactions involved in their transformations.
Texts : Remsen's Organic Chemistry, Orndorff's Laboratory
Manual of Organic Chemistry.
Course 5 alternates in years with course 6. Offered 1908-9.
6. Industrial Chemistry — Three hours. Throughout the
year.
Pre-requisite, Chemistry 1. A careful study of the practical ap-
plications of the laws of Chemistry. The course includes a study of
the manufacture of artificial fuels, salt, soda, hydrochloric and sul-
phuric acids, the difi'erent kinds of glass, explosives, pigments, por-
celain, earthenware, bromine, iodine, leather, sugars, alcohols, oils,
gums, resins, varnishes, coal tar products, cement, concrete, coke,
fertilizers, paper, textile products. Special metallurgical processes.
Comparisons of domestic with foreign methods.
Text : Thorp's Outlines of Industrial Chemistry.
DEPARTxMENTS OP INSTRUCTION 47
Physics
PROFESSOR BENDER
1. Advanced Course. — Three hours. First semester. Mechanics
of solids, liquids and gases. Heat. Lectures, demonstrations, recita-
tions, written exercises, problems.
Text : Carhart and Chute's University Physics.
2. Sounds Lights Magnetism^ Electricity. — Three hours. Second
semester. A continuation of Course 1.
3. Advanced Laboratory Practice. — One hour. The course con-
sists of four hours of laboratory work per week throughout the year.
Measurements of precision in mechanics. Thermometry, Calor-
imetry. Optics, Acoustics, Potentiometry, and allied subjects.
Laboratory Guide : A combination of Ames and Bliss' Manual
of Experiments in Physics and Nichols' Laboratory Manual of
Physics and Applied Electricity will be used.
It is intended that the scope and quality of work done in the
above courses shall be such that the students, upon completing them
and desiring to take up technical work later, can receive credit for
the course in general physics, usually given in the junior year, in an
engineering course in any good technical school.
4. Three hours. Throughout the year. This course is open
only to those who have completed courses 1, 2 and 3. Extended work
in Mechanics, including engineering problems. Applied electricity.
The character of the work will be arranged to meet individual needs.
Education.
PROFESSOR JOHN.
1. History of Education — Two hours. First semester,
Beginning with the oriental nations, a survey will be made of the
leading systems of education, in connection with the forces which
produced them, and their influence upon culture as a whole. Mon-
roe's History of Education is used as a guide. Painter's History of
Education, Campayre's History of Pedagogy, and Quick's Educa-
tional Reformers will be used as references.
2. Psychology and Philosophy of Education — Two hours. Second
semester.
Educational principles will be subjected to the test of psychology
and philosophy. Texts : Rosenkranz's Philosophy of Education,
Harris's Psychologic Foundations, Tompkin's Philosophy of
Teaching.
48 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Departmei>kt of Oratory and Public Speaking
MISS RUTH E. RIGLER
The art of oratory rests upon certain laws of nature, and it is
the purpose of the department to present the work with this aim in
view. The value of public speech is recognized and emphasized as
a most powerful agency and as an avenue to usefulness.
In the instruction special stress is laid upon originality and the
development of individuality. Elocution is taught as the oral inter-
pretation of literature — and a high standard of selections is main-
tained. The full course consists of three years — including the re-
quired year in the College. Students with previous training may
finish it in less time.
Course of Study.
First Year. [Requij-ed — Freshman Year.)
Elocution. — Types of literary interpretation. Principles of ex-
pression. Sight Reading, Voice Development, Development of
Imagination.
Second Year. {Special work.)
Tone production, oral exercises, physical culture, emotional de-
velopment, analysis of standard works, reading and recitation of
selections, private work. Dramatic Pantomine, Extemporaneous
Speech, Dialect and Monologues.
Third Year. {Special work.)
Philosophy of expression, history of oratory, melody and speech
advanced voice development, dramatic training, characterization,
monologues, cuttings from standard authors, oration work, extem-
pore speaking, interpretation of Shakespeare, Browning, etc., pri-
vate work; Art of criticism, arrangement of programs, public re-
cital word.
Private Lessons.
Persons who do not desire to graduate or take an entire course
may arrange for lessons singly or by the term. In this case the work
will be arranged to suit the individual needs of the student
THE ACADEMY 49
THE ACADEMY
THE FACULTY
HARRY EDGAR SPESSARD, A.M., Principal,
Mathematics and English.
JOHN EVANS LEHMAN, A.M.,
Mathematics.
Rev. JAMES THOMAS SPANGLER, A.M., B.D.,
Greek.
HIRAM HERR SHENK, A.M.,
History.
SAMUEL HOFFMAN DERICKSON, M.S.,
Zoology.
JOHN SMITH SHIPPEE, A.M.,
Latin,
ANDREW BENDER, A.B.,
Physics.
M. EDNA ENGLE, A.M.,
English.
EDWARD M. ROEDER, A.M.,
German.
FLORENCE BOEHM,
Drawing.
MILTON OSCAR BILLOW,
Instructor in English.
AMOS B. MOYER,
Instructor in English History.
ROY J. GUYER,
Instructor in Latin.
RUTH RIGLER,
Public Speaking.
50 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Lebano!\ Valley Academy
The Academy was established in 1866. For forty-two years it
has cherished the ideals of full and accurate scholarship, and the de-
velopment of character that fits one for the larg^est service to society.
From its inception eolleg"e preparation has been its main purpose.
But its curriculum has been well adapted to the needs of those who
have entered immediately on practical life or professional study.
The Academy is an integral part of the College and profits by the
proximity of students engaged in higher studies ; by the ready access
to the library, athletic field, literary societies, dormitory and labora-
tory privileges and by the facility in combining courses of study in
the Academy with others in the College and Conservatory.
Its instructors have been chosen with reference to the above
named ideals and mutual confidence and service have been maintained
between faculty and students.
Admission
The applicant should be at least twelve years of age. It is desir-
able that he shall have completed the ordinary common school
branches. Classes however are sometimes formed in language,
arithmetic, history, and geography when deemed necessary. In gen-
eral it is for the student's advantage to enter in September, or less
preferable at the beginning of the second half year. However the
applicant usually finds enough work if he should enter at any time.
Each student for admission shall bring with him a certified state-
ment of work done in the school last attended. Credit will be given
for work thus certified. Should an applicant fail to present this
certificate, he shall take an informal examination in the common
school branches. He will then be assigned work at the discretion of
the Principal. No student will be admitted until his registration is
completed at the office, room number one.
Examinations
Examinations are held at the close of each half year. At this
time reports are sent to parents or guardians. More frequent reports
are sent when requested by parents. In the Academy records, A
THE ACADEMY 51
signifies excellent ; B, very good ; C, fair ; D, low but passing ; E,
conditioned; F, failing; R, repeat in class. An "E" record may be
removed by a test on any part of the course in which the record is
poor; an "F" record may be removed by an extended examination
on the payment of a special fee of two dollars.
Absences
If, in any semester, a student have two absences in any subject
he shall either take a test on the subject matter passed over in his
absence or by doing specially assigned work satisfy the professor in
charge that he has a creditable knowledge of the work passed over.
If the two absences in question are unexcused the student shall take
the test and pay a fee of one dollar. For detailed information, see
the absence rules of the College.
Courses Offered
In the first semester classes are formed in
English a, b, c, and d.
Algebra, Elementary and Intermediate.
Geometry, Plane.
Advanced Algebra.
History of Greece.
History of United States and England (alternating years).
Latin— First year, Caesar, Cicero and Virgil.
Greek — First year.
German — First, second and third years.
Physics.
Zoology.
Freehand and mechanical drawing.
In the second semester new classes are formed in :
Civics.
Zoology.
Roman History.
English Classics.
52
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Outline of Courses
CLASSICAL
SCIENTIFIC
JUNIOR
Latin a 5
English a 3
Mathematics al 4
Drawing 1
Mathematics a2 4
Mythology 1
LOWER MIDDLE
Latin b 5
English b 3
History d \ ^
History c /
Mathematics b 3
German; a 5
UPPER MIDDLE
Latin o 5
English 4
Mathematics c 4
German b 5
Declamation 1
SENIOR
Latin d 4
English Classics . . . . d 2
Greek a or ^
German c
Mathematics d 4
Science d 4
Science c 4
History b 2
JUNIOR
Latin a
English a
Mathematics al
Mathematics a2
Drawing
Mythology
LOWER MIDDLE
Latin b
English b
History d\
History c /
Mathematics b
German a
UPPER MIDDLE
Latin c
English c
Mathematics c
German b
Declamation
SENIOR
Latin d
English Classics . . . . d
German c
Mathematics d
Science d
Science o
History b
NOTE — Any substitution or change in these courses must be approved
by the faculty. Higher Algebra, Trigonometry and Chemistry may be
elected, but can not be substituted for the list of units required in the
detailed outline of courses.
THE ACADEMY 53
DESCRIPTION OF COURSES
English
(a) Junior Eng-lisk— Three hours. Throughout the year.
Vision of Sir Launfal, The Ancient Mariner, A Tale of Two
Cities, Deserted Village, Irving's Sketch Book, oral and written
themes based on the student's experience. Capitalization and punctu-
ation. Unity and coherence in the sentence and composition, and
function of the paragraph.
{d) Lower Middle English — Three hours. Throughout the year.
Pilgrim's Progress, Merchant of Venice, Silas Marner, Gareth
and Lynette, Launcelot and Elaine, The Passing of Arthur, DeCov-
erley Papers. Grammar — the verb, phrases, clauses and connectives.
Short themes in Narration and Description.
English (a) and (b), one and ane-half units.
{c) Upper Middle English— Three hours. Throughout the year.
Joan of Arc, The English Mail Coach (De Quincy), Julius Ca9sar.
McCauley's Essay on Addison, Carlyle's Essay on Burns. Intimtives
and participles, composition and rhetoric (Spalding). Themes, em-
phasizing the study of diction ; synonyms and antonyms ; specific and
general terms : words frequently confused.
{d) Settlor English — Two hours. Throughout the year.
Milton's Minor Poems, Burke's Speech on Conciliation with
America, Macbeth, Franklin's Autobiography. Idiomatic and ellip-
tic expressions. Argumentation and exposition. Themes.
English (c) and (d) one and one-half units.
Latin
{a) Jimior Latin — Five hours. Throughout the year.
First year Latin, Moore and Schlicher.
Fabulae Faciles. One unit.
{b) Loiver Middle Latin— Y'we hours. Throughout the year.
Cassar, Books I.-IV. Composition based on the text.
Bennett's Grammar. One unit.
{€) Upper Middle Latin— Five hours. Throughout the year.
Cicero, six orations. D'Oge's Composition based upon the text.
Bennett's Grammar. One unit.
54 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
{d) Senior Latin — Two hours. Throughout the year.
Virgil's Aeneid. Prosody, sight translation. One unit.
One hour of mythology is a necessary requirement for a full unit
in any first year language.
German
[a) Elementary Course. — Five hours a week throughout the year.
The first year's work includes the mastering of the principles of
pronunciation, of inflections, of the gender and declension of common
nouns, and of the meaning and principal parts of the common weak
and strong verbs, the turning of simple English sentences into Ger-
man, the memorizing of a few German poems, and the translation into
English of from 150 to 200 pages of easy German prose, such as is
found in Grim's Mdrcheti and Meander's Trdumereien. Spanhoofd's
Lehrbuch der Deutchen Sprache.
Required in second year of all students prepaying for all groups
except classical.
{b) Advanced Elementary Course. — Five hours a week throughout
the year. The second year includes the reading and translation of
moderately difficult prose (about 400 pages) with accompanying prac-
tice in free reproduction, both oral and written, of the substance of
short and easy selected passages, with exercises in German composi-
tion. Selections from Hauff, Heyse, Storm, Stern and Benedix.
Wesselhoeft's Composition.
Required in third year of students preparing for all groups except
classical.
[c) Intermediate Course. — Four hours a week throughout the
year. Review of grammar ; composition ; reading and conversation.
Bierwirth's Elements of German, von Jagemann's Composition and
Syutax^ and reading of modern prose, narrative and dramatic, with
practice in free reproduction ; original themes. Selections from
Riehl, Freytag and Schiller.
Open to students who have had Courses A and B or equivalents-
Prescribed for Fi^eshmen in all groups {except classical) who do not offer
third year Germ^an at entrance. College credit is given for German C in
igo8-igog. [See statcfnent of College German, page 35, Course sa.)
THE ACADEMY 55
Greek
(a) Greek — Four hours. Throug-hout the year. White's First
Greek Book.
In as much as only one year of Greek is now offered in the Acad-
emy, classical students are expected to have at least German (a) and
(b).
Mathematics
{a^) Arithmetic— Fowv hours. Throughout the year. A special
drill in fractions, percentage and the metric system. Junior year,
one-half unit.
(a^) Algebra — Four hours, Throughout the year. The equiva-
lent of Wentworth's Elementary Algebra as far as Quadradics-
Graphs. Junior year. One-half unit.
{b) Algebra — Three hours. Throughout the year. Wentworth's
Elementary Algebra is completed. Lower middle year. One-half
unit.
{c) Plane Geometry — Four hours. Throughout the year. Went-
worth is the text used. Much time is given to original problems.
Upper middle year. One unit.
{d) Solid Geometry — Four hours. Second semester. Text,
Wentworth. One-half unit.
(<?) Advanced Algebra — Four hours. First semester. One-half unit.
Trigonometry — Four hours. Second semester. Both subjects
are elective. One-half unit.
Science
[c] Zoology — One semester.
Two recitations, lectures or quizzes and two laboratory periods
of two hours each, each week.
The object of the course is to give the student a general know-
ledge of the animal kingdom. Types of all the phyla are studied in
the laboratory and notes and drawings prepared. Numerous ex-
amples of the orders are used for demonstration. Topics requiring
investigation in the field are assigned and reports required.
56 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
The course embraces the work in elementary biology outlined by
the committee on college entrance requirements.
Text : Elementary Zoology, Kellogg. One unit.
ELEMENTARY PHYSICS (Science d)
1. Pour hours. Throughout the year. Mechanics of solids,
liquids and gases, heat, light, magnetism, electricity. Con-
versational lectures, illustrated by experiments and the lantern.
Recitations* Weekly written exercises, corrected in detail. Prob-
lems illustrating the laws and principles of physics.
The aim of the course is to acquaint the student with the phe-
nomena and laws of the physical world ; to cultivate a love for
physical science, and to prepare for more advanced work in Physics.
No previous knowledge of Physics is required for admission to
the course.
Text : Milliken and Gale's First Course in Physics.
2. Elementary Laboratory Practice. — Two hours laboratory work
per week throughout the year. The student acquires skill in the
manipulation of physical apparatus and in making measurements of
physical quantities. Careful work is insisted upon, and the student's
work must be approved before leaving the laboratory. Accurate
and neatly written notes must be handed in at regular times. About
sixty-five standard experiments are required, with an additional
optional number. The National Physics course is followed.
History and Civics
(5) English and Civics. — Two hours. Throughout the year.
Senior year. One unit.
{c) Grecian. — Three hours. First semester.
Myers' Ancient History. Lower middle year. One-half unit.
{d) Roman. — Three hours. Second semester.
Myers' Ancient History. Lower middle year. One-half unit.
Free-Hand Drawing
The work consists of drawing from simple objects, and then
groups of objects.
THE ACADEMY 57
Light and shade are subsequently taken up. The subject receives
a quarter-unit of credit. The class meets once a week.
Mechdi^lcal Drawing
Introductory work in complex geometric figures. Projective
drawing. The work prepares for engineering courses. One-fourth
unit.
Elocution
One hour a week is devoted to declamations and the rudiments of
vocal expression and interpretation of the best English classics.
One-fourth unit.
Electloi^ of Studies
While there are two definitely prescribed courses in the Acad-
emy, there is considerable room for election of courses that have
special value to students intending to specialize.
The Principal advises the students what subjects are fundamental
to professional and engineering courses.
Graduation
The required credit for graduation, as outlined in the Classical
and Scientific Courses, is sixteen units. Provided that the student
shall have completed at least the three units in Mathematics, the
three units in English, four units of Latin, two units of German, one
laboratory science, and one unit of history.
In general the pursuance of a four or five-hour subject per week
per year constitutes a unit. Corresponding credits are given for
recitations reciting fewer times per week. However, all credits are
based upon the report of the committee of the Association of Teach-
ers of Secondary Schools. In short, the completion of seventy-two
hours of work as above outlined entitles the student to a diploma of
graduation. If said student desires to continue work in Lebanon
Valley College he shall arrange his work so as to meet the entrance
requirements for the several courses.
Sub-Preparatory Course
Sometimes students of mature age come to us not fully prepared
to enter the Academy. They have for various reasons attended
58 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
school but a short time and find it embarassing to enter the public
schools with scholars so much youngfer than themselves. For these
we make provision. However, at least sixteen hours of regular
Academy work is required for classification.
Arithmetic, U. S. History, Grammar, Book-keeping-, and Ele-
mentary Physiology are positive requirements for academic regis-
tration.
Facts to be Considered
A one hundred dollar scholarship is awarded each year to the
Academy graduate who has, according to the vote of the Faculty,
made the best class record and deported himself in accordance with
regulations.
Academy students are admitted to all social privileges of the Col-
lege. Excellent opportunities are offered for self improvement in
the Literary societies and Christian associations.
The Normal Department
The object of the Normal Department is to give special instruc-
tion to young men and women who desire to teach in our public
schools.
All the fundamental branches in which teachers are required to
be examined are systematically and thoroughly reviewed and daily
instruction is given in the principles of teaching and the art of school
management.
The work in this department is continued throughout the year.
During the spring term, which begins about the time public schools
close, special teachers are employed to accommodate the increasing
numbers. These teachers are the best public school teachers obtain-
able who know just what points to emphasize in preparation.
DEPARTMENT OP MUSIC 59
DEPAIiTMENT OF MUSIC
Faculty
HERBERT OLDHAM, P.S.Sc, Director, London,
Piano ^ Orgati, Etc.
PLORENCE A. ROACH,
Voice
EDWARD M. ROEDER, A.M.,
Geruian
JOHN SMITH SHIPPEE, A.M.,
French
RUTH E. RIGLER, B.L,
Elocution
PLORENCE M. BOEHM,
Fainting, Drawing
Location and Equipment
The Engle Music Hall is a handsome three-story stone
structure. It contains a fine auditorium witli large pipe organ,
director's room, and nine practice rooms, waiting and writing room
for student's use, large society rooms, lavatories, etc. The whole
building is lighted by electricity and heated by steam, and designed
and furnished with a view to having it complete in every respect for
the study of music in all its branches. A complete musical education
from the very first steps to the highest artistic excellence may be
secured. The director will use every effort to obtain positions for
those students who have finished the courses, and who may wish to
teach or perform in public.
Object
The department has for its object, the foundation and diffusion
of a high and thorough musical education. The methods used are
those followed by the leading European conservatories. The courses
are broad, symstematic, progressive, and as rapid as possible, and
the conservatory offers the means for a complete education in
musical art at a moderate cost.
60 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Herbert Oldham, Director
Director Oldham was born near London and educated there. He
was choir boy in Christ Church Cathedral from the age of six years
to that of seventeen. Studied the pianoforte, harmony, pipe organ,
and voice, under Sir R. P. Stewart. After completing the academic
course in Trinity College, Dublin, he studied pipe organ and com-
position with Sir John Stainer, organist of St. Paul's, London, the
pianoforte with Sir Walter McFarren, of Cambridge University, and
voice training with Signor Randegger, London. Later he went to
Frankfort, where he studied under Joachim Raff ; from there to
Paris, studying under Emil Haberbier. In 1883 Professor Oldham
toured through the United States as solo pianist to Camilla Urso,
playing in two hundred and ninety-seven cities and towns. He then
located in Toledo, Iowa, as director of the conservatory of Western
College. Later he lived in Lincoln^ Nebraska, and left Le Marsj
Iowa, to take the direction of Ivebanon Valley College Department
of Music.
Miss Florence A. Roach
Miss Roach, a diploma pupil of Madame Pittoria Coppi Baldisseri,
of Florence, Italy, is well equipped for her position as instructor of
voice. Upon her graduation from High School she entered De Pauw
University, Greencastle, Indiana, and after a course of study in the
academic and music departments there, she went abroad with one of
her teachers for more advanced work. While abroad Miss Roach
studied in Florence, Italy, with Madame Baldisseri of the famous
Marchesi School, and aside from the development of her own voice
she made a specialty of studying the placement and tone production
of different voices under the personal training of Madame Baldisseri.
Upon her return to America Miss Roach accepted the position as
vocal instructor in Albany College, Albany, Oregon. From there
after another course of study of tone production and oratorio with the
Masters, Grosh and Dr. Allum, of Chicago, she took up her work in
Lebanon Valley. Miss Roach has appeared in concert work through-
out the East and West and has always been prominent in glee and
choir work.
Pianoforte
The course is divided into sixteen grades, equalling four grades
per annum for four years work. A comprehensive study of the stand-
ard literature of instructive piano work is absolutely necessary to
the piano student and these are studied through the various grades.
DEPARTMENT^ OF MUSIC 61
The new school of studies edited by Carl Thumer and published in
sixteen grades, along with Koeler's and Plaidy's Teehnical Exercises
are the basis for the technical and etude work through all the grades.
Voice
It is the aim of this department to build up the voice, beginning
with the simplest forms of pure tone production and proceeding sys-
tematically to advanced vocalization. Perfect breath control, relaxa-
tion and correct tone placing are the cardinal points in voice culture,
and these are carefully and rigidly insisted upon. Phrasing, enunci-
ation and resonance are also given important consideration in the
course. Special attention is paid to the needs of individual voices,
and the studies are varied accordingly.
Orgai\
The Director has had twenty-five years' experience as concert
and church organist, and has studied and played in Great Britain,
Germany and the United States.
The student must be advanced to at least the sixth grade in the
pianoforte course before taking up the study of the organ.
The course prepared is based on the best methods of England,
France and Germany, and with a view to educating the student in
the most thorough manner. Special attention is given to the proper
modes of service playing, organ accompaniments, etc., as well as
concert or recital playing.
Harmoiiy Course
Is based on Brockhoven's Harmony and occupies four terms'
work. It is taught in classes, but backward students can arrange for
private lessons.
Theory Course
Is based on Elson's Theory and occupies three terms' class work.
History Course
Is based on Reimann's History of Music and Filmore's Lessons in
Musical History, and occupies three terms of class work.
Send to the Director for separate catalogue of the Department
of Music containing the complete courses in all branches.
LECTURES.— There will be lectures on musical history each
62 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
term, and all regular students of the departments will be required to
attend them.
CONCERTS.— Recitals and concerts by the students, the Faculty,
or leading artists, will be held at stated intervals throughout the year.
Certificates
REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFICATES
Complete course in pianoforte or in any of the other subjects,
viz: voice, violin, harmony, theory or history.
Fee for certificate, ^2.50.
Diplomas
REQUIREMENTS FOR DIPLOMAS
Complete selected course, viz: piano, organ, violin or voice.
In case of piano or organ student, three terms voice. In case of
voice student, three terms piano. Complete courses in harmony,
history and theory. Three terms each in chorus class, English,
grammar, rhetoric and composition, literature, French or German.
Free tuition in any one of the literary studies. Each candidate
to give a public recital during last term.
Fee for diploma, $5.75.
Degree
REQUIREMENTS FOR DEGREE (Mus. B)
Candidates must already have taken a diploma.
Must have freshman standing in any of the College courses.
Two years, fugue, harmony, counterpoint and composition.
Must write a composition for four solo voices and chorus, to
occupy about twenty minutes, and must train, rehearse and conduct
the same for public performance.
Fee for degree, $10.00.
Examinations .
All students taking any of the regular music courses, will be
compelled to take the various examinations the second week of
April. These examinations are for entrance in the various classes
(sophomore, junior and senior) the following September. All senior
students must take their final examinations at the same time.
These will be held in the College chapel, and are for perform-
ance, not theory. A list of the various studies, selections, etc., can
be obtained at any time from the Director.
DEPARTMENT OP MUSIC
63
Expenses
PRIVATE LESSONS.
g
1
tie
Voice, Piano, or Reed Organ, Two a week, by Director.
Voice, Piano, or Reed Organ, One a week, by Director.
Harmony,
Pipe Organ, Two a week,
Pipe Organ, One a week.
$22 50
11 25
15 00
30 00
15 00
S18 00
9 00
12 00
24 00
12 00
816 50
8 25
11 00
22 00
11 00
CLASS LESSONS.
Harmony, One lesson a week,
Theory, One lesson a week,
Musical History, etc., One lesson a week.
S7 50
3 00
3 00
$5 00
3 00
3 00
$5 00
3 00
3 00
USE OF INSTRUMENTS.
Piano, One hour a day,
Pipe Organ, One hour a day,
S2 50
3 00
g2 00
2 50
S2 00
2 50
Students taking a full music course are charged a matriculation
fee of $3.00 for the year, payable in advance. This fee entitles stu-
dent to all privileges of the College.
Students taking piano, organ, or voice only are charged a matric-
ulation fee of $1.00 payable in advance.
Pipe organ students must pay at the rate of 10 cents an hour for
organ blower.
Fee for graduation diploma, $5,75
RULES AND REGULATIONS.— No reduction is made for ab-
sence from the first two lessons of the term, nor for a subsequent in-
dividual absence. In case of long continued illness the loss is shared
equally by the College and the student.
All tuition is payable in advance.
Pupils may enter any time, but for convenience of grading, etc.,
the beginning of each term is the most desirable time.
All sheet music must be paid for when taken.
No pupil is allowed to omit lessons without a sufficient cause.
Reports showing attendance, practice, and improvement in grade ,
will be issued at the close of each term.
For all further information as to any particular course, or combi-
nation of courses, rooms, boarding, etc., address
DIRECTOR OF THE CONSERVATORY,
Lebanon Valley college,
Annville, Pa.
64 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Departments of ArL
IFlorence S. Boehm, Instructor
Course of Study for Certificate
First Year — Drawing-, Sketching in pencil of various familiar sub-
jects, and drawing- from geometric solids, good examples of propor-
tion and perspective, and the principles of light and shade.
Painting — Flowers, fruit and leaves, models, casts and familiar
objects. Elementary original composition.
Modeling — Fruit, vegetable forms and leaves from casts and
nature ; animals from the cast and prints. Elementary original com-
position.
Second Year — Charcoal drawing from casts of heads. Painting in
water colors and pastels from groups of still life, interiors, decorative
subjects, flowers, draperies, and out of door sketching.
Third y^^r— Sketching from life. Painting in oils from still life
and nature. Wash drawings in ink, water color, historic ornament.
Studies in color harmony.
Teacher^s Class — Principles and methods of drawing, modeling,
blackboard drawing, lettering, brush work, sketching from life and
water color.
Saturday work is offered for teachers and children who cannot
take work during the week.
Keramics — Classes in china painting are instructed by the latest
methods in conventional and naturalistic treatment. The china is
fired in the institution, giving students an opportunity for learning
how to fire their own china.
Miniature — Miniature painting on ivory.
Students vf ho do not desire the certificate course may take special
work along any line preferred.
Art Exhibit
During commencement week an exhibit of some of the work done
in the department is held in the studio, at which all visitors are
welcomed and entertained by members of the department.
A prize of $2.00 will be awarded for the best work in each of the
following branches : pencil, charcoal, china, pastel, and water color.
Expenses
FALL WINTER SPRING
TERM TERM TERM
TUITION— One lesson a week $10 00 $ 8 00 $ 8 00
Two lessons a week 16 00 12 00 12 00
Children's beginning class 2 50 2 00 2 00
Children's advance class 4 00 3 00 3 00
Special lessons .... 75 cents each. Matriculation fee . . . $1.00
REGISTER OP STUDENTS 65
REGISTER OF STUDENTS
The College
CBwADUATE STUDENTS
Adams, Robert T Lebanon
Balsbaugh, Edwin M Lebanon
Erb, Elmer E Hockersville
Esbenshade, Park P . Bird-in-Hand
Hershey, Ruth M Hershey
Graybill, Robert B Annville
Mills, Alfred Keister Annville
Plummer, F. Berry Shippensburg-
Sprecher, John H . Lebanon
Wau^fhtel, Samuel H Red Lion
SENIORS
Appenzellar, Joseph Lester Chambersburg-
Billow, Milton Oscar Shermansdale.
Courson, Delia New York City
Fisher, Byrt W Lancaster.
Guyer, Roy Jones . Shippensburg
Hartz, Roger Sherman Blaine Palmyra
Knaub, Neda A . Annville
Kreider, Sallie Wenger Lebanon
Lehn, Homer M. B.. Annville
Linebaugh, Norman Lester Florin
Long, Samuel Burman Hay's Grove
Mease, Oliver Onset
Morgan, Rufus E Valley View
Oldham, Stanley Reginald Annville
Shoop, Charles Wilson Harrisburg
Wilder, Henry L Hingham, Mass.
Zuck, Alice M. . . . Annville
JUN50RS
Dotter, Charles G , ,,,... Annville
Flook, Albert Daniel Myersville, Md.
Hoerner, Lena Mae Mechanicsburg
Hoffer, George Nissley Hummelstown
Lindsay, A. M Steelton
66 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Lowery, Grace Burtner Harrisburg
Mills, A. Lucile Annville
Moyer, Amos B Sunbury
Richter, George M Halifax
Spessard, Walter V Annville
Stehman, J. Warren Mountville
Weidler, Deleth Eber Allentown
Yeatts, Edna D York
SOPHOMORES
Andrew, Harry W Strasburg
Bair, Grover Cleveland Belleville
Bomberger, Harry K Lebanon, R. F. D. 7
Fleming, Mervin R York
Freed, Edith Nissley Annville
Garrett, E. Myrtle Hummelstown
Harnish, Wilbur E Mechanicsburg
Jacoby, John Edward York
Kohler, Fillmore T .- Yoe
Kreider, D. Robert Annville
Musser, Mary B Mountville
Renn, Earl E Middletown
Rutherford, F. Allen Royalton
Seltzer, Lucy S Lebanon
Shaffer, Floyd E Lebanon
Strock, J. Clyde Mechanicsburg
Weidler, Victor O , Allentown
Yoder, Jesse T Belleville
FRESHMEN
Beckley, Arthur S Mont Clare
Beckley, Carrie May Lebanon
Brunner, William Albert New Bloomfield
Ehrhart, Oliver T Millersville
Ellenberger, Joseph Annville
Ellis, William O Annville
Frost, Fred T Lebanon
Herr, Harvey Elmer . ' Annville
Herr, Mabel S Annville
Holdeman, Phares M. Bellegrove
John, Dwight T Annville
Kauffman, Artus O Dallastown
Lehman, S. Blaine Chambersburg
REGISTER OF STUDENTS 67
Lehman, John Karl Annville
Marshall, Edward Annville
Plummer, Charles W Hagerstown, Md.
Plummer, Wilbur Clayton . Hagerstown, Md.
Saylor, Roger B Annville
Shoop, William Carson Annville
Smith, Herbert Alvin . Birdsboro
Spessard, Earl A , Annville
Strickler, Alfred Desch Lebanon
Yake, Elmer E Annville
UNCLASSIFIED
Boger, John Lebanon
DeLap, D. F Bendersville
Funderburk, Joseph V. Columbia, S. C.
KeiBter, M. LaVerne Annville
Light, E. Victor Annville
Light, Harrison Annville
Loos, Anna Berne
Lutz, Alice Katherine Shippensburg
Miller, Catherine Lebanon
Nissley, Mabel H Hummelstown
Oldham, Cecelia Annville
Oldham, Constance Annville
Rigler, Margaret Louise Annville
Roeder, Arthur St. Louis, Mo.
Smith, George Mark Annville
The Academy
J.— Junior U. M.— Upper Middle L. M.— Lower Mitidle
S.— Senior U.— Unclassified
Andes, Harry, L. M. *Ellenberger, Joseph, S.
Barnholt, J. H., U. Ellis, Ruth, U.
Bender, Harry M., U. M. ' Engle, Esther, S.
Biever, Walter, J. Engle, Elizabeth, S.
Bodenhorn, Elwood, U. Fasnacht, Irene, U.
Boltz, Kathryn, U. Fink, Maurice, U.
Brightbill, Helen, U. Gantz, Lillian, U.
Brunner, Ruth, U. Goodhart, Fred E., U.
Carmany,- Earl H., S. Goodman, W. G., U. M.
Gruber, A. May, J.
68
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
HefPelfinger, Victor M., U. M.
Henry, Louise, U.
Henry, Martha B., S.
Hershey, Catherine, S.
Holtzman, Mark G., J.
Keister, Donald C, S.
Kreider, Aaron S., S.
Kreider. A. Louise, S.
Kreider, Clement, U.
Kreider, Edward Landis, U. M.
Lehman, Edith M., U. M.
Light, Boaz, U. M.
Light, Carrie E., S.
Light, Jessie G., S.
Long, Nora, U.
Loser, Earl, U.
Loser, Paul, U.
^Marshall, J. Edward, S.
Biegle, Minnie May, J.
Riegle, Ralph R., J.
Risser, Blanche M., J. — ^
Savastio, Leonard, U. M.
Shaud, Sallie, U.
Smith, Frederick Suesserot, S.
Snavely, Julia, J.
Snyder, Lester E., U.
Snyder, Verda A., S.
Spangler, Ruth Fern, U.
Spessard, Lester L., S.
Spessard, Lottie May, U. M.
Steininger, Samuel I., J.
Steckbeck, Grant B., L. M.
Swope, W, M., U.
Walmer, Harry Keim, J.
Maulfair, Mary E., U.
McCurdy, Charles E., L. M.
Miller, C. Wallace, J.
Miller, Helen E., U.
Moechel, Felix Forest, L. M.
Mutch, Edward, S.
Nye, Carrie, U.
Ohnmacht, John S., J.
Reilly, Edith A., U. M.
Reist, Irvin, U.
Zuck, Alfred Tennyson, U. M
♦Entered Lebanon Valley Collage
Wert, Mark, U. M.
Weston, Warren Knight, U.
Witmeyer, Carrie, U.
Winemiller, Geo. Bowman, L. M.
Woolf, Edna, U.
Woolf, Herbert, U.
*Yake, Elmer E., S.
Yarkers, Edna, M.
Yingst, John C, J.
NORMAL DEPARTMENT"! 90?
Artz, Stella K Lebanon
Bachman, Harry M Lebanon
Bacoastow, Mary M Palmyra
Bender, Harry M s. Annville
Bomgardner, Lizzie E Lebanon
Bohr, Matilda M Cornwall
Bomberger, Paul S Palmyra
Brandt, Edna M Lebanon
Cassel, J. Herbert Grantville
Daniels, Emma H Lebanon
REGISTER OF STUDENTS ^ 69
Donmoyer, Thomas F Lebanon
Early, Henry H Palmyra
Ensminger, Harvey Annville
Fasnacht, Daniel F Campbellstown
Fry, Hannah Gertrude Palmyra
Forney, Harry S Lebanon
Goss, Dorothy B Middletown
Goss, Myra A Middletown
Groh, Ida . Heilmandale
Hartman, Clara Lebanon
Hartz, Ira G . . . Palmyra
Heagy, Ray Forrest , Palmyra
Heilman, William J Cleona
Heilman, "George E Cleona
Heilman, Katharine Lebanon
Henning, Minnie Gloninger
Hetrick, Mary R Crantville
Hetrick, Minnie M Grantville
Himmelberger, Abraham M . Heilmandale
Hostetter, Cyrus G Annville
Knoll, Harry W Annville
Koons, Miles B Lebanon
Kreider, Isaac G Lebanon
Kreider, Sarah Cleona
Lehman, Clayton G " ' " Campbelltown
Light, Victor E Annville
Light, Bertha G Lebanon
Light, Martin G Lebanon
Light, Grace E Avon
Light, Katie M Annville
Light, Alice L Lebanon
Light, Harrison B Annville
Light, Milo > Annville
Light, Boaz G • • Avon
Maulfair, Arthur A Lebanon
Meyer, Irvin C Annville
Moyer, Morris M Palmyra
Nye, Carrie E Annville
Olewine, Sallie M Myerstown
Rank, ;Edna L Palmyra
Rank, Kathryn A Palmyra
Rank, Fanny Lebanon
70
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
Reist, Allen E Lebanon, R. F. D. 1
Shock, Margaret C Mount Zion
Shanaman, Olive K Lebanon
Shelly, D. O . Annville
Sherk, John E Fredericksburg
Sholl, Ada May Fredericksburg
Snavely, George J Cleona
Suavely, Julia Cleona
Spangler, Abner C Lebanon
Sprecher, Mabel M Lebanon
Swanger, Mary E Lebanon
Swope, Paul J Fredericksburg
Troxel, Mary C Jonestown
Umberger, Morris M Lebanon
White, Caleb Lebanon
Yiengst, Levi Mount Zion
Conservatory Studeiits
p. — Piano O. — Organ V. — Voice H. — Harmony
T.— Theory Hi.— History G.C.— Glee Club
Altenderfer, Mrs. W., O.
Bender, H., V.
Beckley, Carrie, O.K. T.Hi
Bomberger, Emma, P.
Boehm, Lyda, P.T.
Booth, Alta, V.
Bowman, Margaret, V.
Brant, Adam, V.
Case, Harriette, V.
Condran, Elsie, P.H.
Cresson, Nellie, P.T.
Deck, Verna, P.
Dunmoyer, Nellie, P.
Ebright, Lida, O.V.
Engle, Esther, P.V.
Ensminger, Harry, P.
Ensminger. Mabel, P.
Erb, Pearl, V.
Fasnacht, Irene, P.O.
Flook, A. D., G.C.
Frantz, Edith, V.H.
Freed, Edith, O.H.
Frost, Fred, G.C.
Gantz, Mary, P.H.
Gallagher, Nellie, P.
Gambler, Lydia, V.
Garber, Mae, P.V.
Gemmi, Lillian, P.
Gettel, Mary, V.
Gingrich, Edith, P.
Groh, Sara, P.
Hardman, Frank, P.O.V.G.C.
Hauer, Lillian, P.
Hatz, Erwin, P.O.V.H.Hi.T.
Herr, W. E., G.C.
Henry, Martha, P.H.
Herr, Henry, P.
Herr, Mabel, P.V.
Hunsicker, Mrs., V.
Krieder, Louise, P.V.
REGISTER OP STUDENTS
71
Krieder, Robert, V.
Lehr, Gertrude, P.V.
Light, Jessie, P.H.
Light, Victor, V.
Lutz, Alice, P. V.
Long, S. B. V.
Light, E. V. V.
Light, Carrie, P.
Lowery, Grace, O.V.
Lehman, M. F., G.C.
Mathias, Mrs. O.
Maybery, Laura, P T.
Maulfair, Ralph, P.
Maulfair, Mary, P.
Meyers, Mary, P.T.
Mills, A. K., G.C.
Miller, M. L., P.
Musser, Mary, P.V.HI.T
Nye, Florence, P.H.
Nye, Carrie, P.
Oldham, Constance, P.
Oldham, Celia, V.
Prout, Violet, P.V.T.
Renninger, Nora, P.H.T.
Reilly, Edith, P.V.
Renn, E. A., G.C.
Reigle, Minnie, P.
Rigler, Margaret, P. H.T.
Rigler, Ruth, P.
Ryan, Bessie, O.
Ristenblat, Beulah, O.H.T.
Riegle, Ralph, P.
Roeder, A. C, G.C.
Saylor, Miriam, P.
Shaud, Elizabeth, P. H. Hi.
Shenk, Rachel, P.
Simpson, Fanny, P.
Smith, Fred, P. O. G.C.
Snyder, Verda, V.
Spessard, E. A., V. G.C.
Spessard, L. S., G.C,
Spessard, W. V., G.C.
Stroh, Minnie, P.
Strickler, A. D., G.C.
Uhrich, Gertrude, P. O. H. Hi.
Weber, Ruth, P. V*
Weidler, D. E., G.C.
Weidler, V. O., G.C.
Witman, Naoma, P.
Witters, Sadie, P.
Wood, Claire, P. H.
Yoder, Jessie, G.C.
STUDENTS IN ELOCUTION
Andrew, Harry W.
Bair, Grover Cleveland
Berger, Grace
Boltz, Catherine
Brightbill, Helen
Brunner, Cora
Elliot, Bertha
Frantz, Susan
Gantz, Lillian
Garber, May
Gerry, Dorothy
Henry, Louise
Kelchner, Arabelle
Kelchner, Ruth
Killinger, Lena
Klick, Vada
Kreider, Nancy
Long, Samuel Burman
Lehman, Max F.
Lutz, Alice Katherine
Shiffer, Hattie
Urich, Josephine
72
LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
STUDENTS IN ART
Batdorf, Emma
Bowman, Carrie
Brightbill, Helen
Cresson, Dorothy
Engle, Elizabeth
Engle, Esther
Henry, Martha
Keister, La Verne
Lig"ht, Alma
Lutz, Alice Katherine
Marshall, Elizabeth
Maulfair, Mary E.
Meyer, May
Miller, Catharine
Renninger, Nora
Riegle, Minnie
Riley, Edith
Shiffer, Hattie
Shiffer, Martha B.
Snyder, Verda
Spangler Ruth
Spang'ler, W. Roy
SUMMARY
Graduate Students , 10
Undergraduate Students 86
Seniors ... 17
Juniors 13
Sophomors 18
Freshmen 23
Unclassified 15
Academy 77
Normal Department 68
Department of Music 92
Department of Elocution 22
Department of Art 22
377
Names repeated 58
Total 3l9
The above Summary of Students includes all who have matricu-
lated from April 1, 1907, to April 1, 1908.
REGISTER OF STUDENTS 73
Degrees CoMerred, June 12, 190f
BACHELOR OF ARTS
Bender, C. Ray Myers, Helen Ethel
Esbenshade, Park F. Peiffer, Mary Elizabeth
Gehr, Elias M. Seitz, Irvin S.
Herr, William Eby Shroyer, Effie Evelyn
Herrman, Amos Wallick Sprecher, John Henry
Knaus, Edward Emanuel Stehman, Elizabeth Lucretia
Lehman, Max Fisher Waughtel, Samuel H.
Metzger, Maurice Rutt
DIPLOMAS IN MUSIC
Albert, Alberta A. Maulfair, Iva B.
Albert, Mark A. Mock, Mabel
Coppenhaver, Florence Spessard, Arthur R.
Cunkle, Elva P. Oberdick, A. Louise
Evans, Mark Stengle, Verna I,
Faus, Eli A. - Walmer, Gertrude
Hay, M. Alberta Wolf, Florence H.
Herr, Mabel S.
DOCTOR OF LAWS
Rev. William Edgar Geil, A.M., Doylestown, Pa.
74 LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE
INDEX
Academy 49-58
Absences 51
Admission 50
Courses Offered 51
Description of Courses . . . 53-58
Examinations 50
Outline of Courses 52
Advisers 15
Art Department 64
Astronomy 40
Bible 42
Biolog-y 42
Board of Trustees 3
Building-s and Grounds . . 10
Calendar 2
Chemistry 45
Class Standing 16
College Organizations 11
Corporation 3
Courses, Outline of, (College) 26-29
Degrees Conferred 73
Degree and Diploma . . . , . . , 16
Discipline 15
Economics 41
Education . 47
English Language and Literature 36
Enrollment 65
Expenses, College and Academy 16-17
Department of Art 64
Department of Music 63
Faculty and Officers 5-6
French Language and Literature ' " . . 33
General Information 10-25
German Language and Literature 34
Graduate Work ... 14
Greek Language and Literature 31
History 40
History of the College 7
Laboratories 13
Latin Language and Literature 32
INDEX 75
Library and Reading Rooms 13
Mathematics 3y
Music Department 59-63
Normal Department 58
Philosophy 30
Physics 47
Political Science ^q
Public Speaking" 48
Religious Work 11
Eequirements for Admission :
Academy .50
College 18-25
Scholarships 14
Sociology 4rl
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