WALTER JARVIS BARLOW
HISTORY OF MEDICINE COLLECTION
BIOMEDICAL LIBRARY.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES
h
[frontispiece.]
Sir Al.lRliU LEWIS JOXES,^K.C.M.G.
LIVET(POOL SCHOOL
OF
TROPICAL MEDICINE
HISTORICAL
RECORD
1898 ■ 1920
AH THE UNIFERSITr PRESS OF LIVERPOOL. 1920
//;
THE INCORPORATED ^.
LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE
Founded by Sib ALFRED LEWIS JONES, K.C.M.G.
{Affiliated with the University of Liverpool)
Hon. President :
H.R.H. PRINCESS CHRISTIAN
(Princess of Great Britain and Ireland)
Chairman :
Sir FRANCIS C. DANSON
Vice-Chairman :
Professor R. CATON, C.B.E.
Hon. Vice-Presidents :
THE EARL OF DERBY, K.G.
VISCOUNT MILNER, G.C.B.
LORD PIRRIE, K.P.
LORD LEVERHULME
Sir EDWARD MEREWETHER, K.C.V.O.
Sir OWEN PHILIPPS, K.C.M.G.
Mr. O. HARRISON WILLIAMS
COMMITTEE:
Sir H. J. READ, K.C.M.G. Colonial Office
Vice-Chancellor J. G. ADAMI, F.R.S. University of Liverpool
Professor R. CATON, C.B.E.
«.
[• Shipowners' Association
Council of University of Liverpool
Mr. H. wade DEACON J
Professor W. HERDMAN, C.B.E., F.R.S. ) ,,..,.
}■ Senate of University of Liverpool.
Professor J. M. BEATTIE j j . r
Mr. T. WOODSEND \ , , „ . ,
\ Royal Southern Hospital
Mr. E. G. BUCKLEY j
Mr. C. booth )
\ Steamship Owners' Association
Mr. T. F. HARRISON j
Mr. a. R. MARSHALL
Mr. W. ROBERTS
Mr. R. B. MILLER West African Trade Association.
Mr. j. W. ALSOP, O.B.E.
Mr. G. BROCKLEHURST
Mr. C. LIVINGSTON
Mr. j. W. W. DANSON
Mr. DAVID JONES
Professor E. W. HOPE, O.B.E.
Professor E. GLYNN
Captain R. RANKIN, Hon. Treasurer
Mr. S. EVANS, Acting Secretary,
H 24-25, Exchange Buildings, Liverpool
iii
Profei
Lecturers
Honorary Statistician
Honorary Lecturer in
Tropical Sanitation
STAFF, 1920
JOHN WILLIAM WATSON STEPHENS, M.D.,
Cantab., F.R.S. Sir Alfred Jones Professor of
Tropical Medicine
ROBERT NEWSTEAD, J.P., F.R.S. , M.Sc, A.L.S.,
F.E.S., Dutton Memorial Professor of Entomology
WARRINGTON YORKE, M.D., Walter Myers
Professor of Parasitology
B. BLACKLOCK, M.D., D.P.H., Lecturer on
Parasitology
HENRY FRANCIS CARTER, S.E.A.C. Dipl.,
F.E.S., Lecturer on Entomology
ALWEN M. EVANS, M.Sc, Assistant Lecturer on
Entomology
Prof. E. W. HOPE, M.D., D.Sc, Lecturer on
Municipal Sanitation
T. SOUTHWELL, A.R.C.Sc, F.Z.S., Assistant
Lecturer on Parasitology
WALTER STOTT
WILLIAM THOMAS PROUT, M.B., C.M.G.
Physician
Royal Infirmary, Liverpool
. JOHN WILLIAM WATSON STEPHENS, M.D.,
Cantab., F.R.S.
The Manios Research Laboratory
Director . . . HAROLD WOLFERSTAN THOMAS, M.D., CM.
Research Assistants . ROBERT McCOLL BURNIE, M.B., Ch.B.
RUPERT MONTGOMERY GORDON, M.B.,
Ch.B.
CHARLES JAMES YOUNG, M.B., Ch.B.
IV
THE MARY KINGSLEY MEDAL
This medal was struck in commemoration of the work of the
late Miss Mary Kingsley in West Africa, and is conferred in
recognition of distinguished scientific achievement.
HONORARY RECIPIENTS
Her Royal Highness Princess Christian
Lord Lister
The Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain
Prince Auguste d'Arenberg
Mrs. Pinnock
Mr. William Adamson
Professor WiUiam Carter
RECIPIENTS
1905—
Colonel Sir David Bruce, K.C.B.
Geheimrath Professor Robert Koch
Dr. A. Laveran
Sir Patrick Manson. K.C.M.G.
1907—
Professor Danielewsky
Dr. Charles Finlay
Mr. W. M. Haffkine
Professor Golgi
Colonel Gorgas
Professor Theobald Smith
(913-
Professor Fred V. Theobald
1917—
Dr. Griffith Evans
1919—
Dr. J. W. Scott Macfie
The Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio
de Janeiro
191
Sir WilHam Macgregor, G.C.M.G.
Professor R. Blanchard
Dr. Anton Breinl
Professor Angelo Celli
Dr. C. W. Daniels
Surgeon-General Sir Alfred Keogh
Colonel W. G. Kmg
Professor Nocht
Professor G. H. F. Nuttall
Major Leonard Rogers
Professor J. L. Todd
Surgeon-General Walter Wyman
1920 —
Major E. E. Austen, D.S.O.
Dr. A. G. Bagshawe
Dr. Andrew Balfour, C.B.
Dr. A. L. G. Broden
Mrs. Chalmers, in recognition of the
work of the late Dr. A. J. Chalmers
Professor B. Grassi
Professor R. T. Leiper
Professor F. Mesnil
Dr. Edmond Sergent
Dr. C. W. Stiles
Dr. T. Zammit
CONTENTS
PAGE
Committee, 1920 .......... iii
Staff, 1920 .......... iv
Mary Kingsley Medal ........ v
Historical Record, 1898-1920 ....... i
Appendix I : ' Who's Who '........ 67
Appendix II : Expeditions
73
Appendix III : Papers published by Members of the Staff . . -jj
Appendix IV : Diploma in Tropical Medicine .... loi
Vll
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Sir Alfred Lewis Jones, K.C.M.G. .
Sir Rubert Boyce, F.R.S.
The Right Hon. Joseph and Mrs. Chamberlain
H.R.H. Princess Christian
Plague Investigation ....
Feeding Mosquitoes ....
First Laboratory of the School
A. H. Milne, C.M.G
Title Page — Memoir I . . . .
Walter Myers
The Walter Myers Memorial Tablet
Second Laboratory of the School
William Johnston .....
Runcorn Research Laboratory — Exterior .
Runcorn Research Laboratory .
J. Everett Dutton .....
The Mary Kingsley Medal
Title Page — Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology-
Volume XIII
Diploma for Grand Prix — Franco-British Exh
Commemorative Diploma — Japan-British Exhib
Lord Leverhulme .....
The Rubert Boyce Memorial .
Exhibit of Liverpool School of Tropical Medic:
Diploma of Merit, Dresden Exhibition, 191 1
Sir Francis C. Danson ....
Richard Caton, C.B.E
Diploma — Ghent Exhibition, 191 3
The Sir Alfred Lewis Jones Tropical Ward, Royal Infirmary
Plan of Freetown — Site of the Sir Alfred Lewis Jones
Tropical Laboratory ......
Frontage of Third Laboratory of School ....
Entrance Hall ........
Library .........
Lecture Theatre ........
Museum .........
Main Laboratory .........
Entomological Department ......
Roof of New Laboratory ......
bition, 1908
tion, 1910
ne, Dresde
. Frontispiece
Facing page 2
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30
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Vlll
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
HISTORICAL RECORD
1898-I92O
Introduction In the following pages, we give some
account of the inception of the Liverpool
School of Tropical Medicine in 1898, and its history from
that time to the present.
The main scientific achievements of the School are
here recorded in mere outline, but even so serve to explain
the world-wide reputation the School has won.
These pages have, however, another purpose — to
perpetuate those names which have been closely associated
with the School in its varying activities in the past. Greatest
among them is that of our founder, the late Sir Alfred
Lewis Jones, K.C.M.G. ; and those who are aware of the early
struggles of the School will associate with his name that
of the late Sir Rubert Boyce, F.R.S., whose untiring
enthusiasm for tropical medicine many of us can still recall.
Nor can we forget the debt we owe to all who have
helped to make the School what it is to-day — the Royal
Southern Hospital, the Royal Infirmary, the University, the
City of Liverpool, and the large body of public-spirited
business men, who have given so freely to the School their
financial support.
We commemorate also the names of former members
of the Staff of the School, some of whom died in its service.
The names of the late Walter Myers and J. Everett Button
are known, not only to us, but to all students of tropical
medicine.
The event which has called forth this record is the
official opening of the third laboratory of the Liverpool
School of Tropical Medicine.
The Laboratory has now associated with it : —
(i) The Sir Alfred Lewis Jones Tropical Ward at
the Royal Infirmary, Liverpool ;
(2) The Manaos Research Laboratory in Brazil, and
(3) The Sir Alfred Lewis Jones Tropical Laboratory
in Sierra Leone (in course of erection.)
In the struggle against tropical diseases the part played
by the School in the past has been worthy of its founders
and of the city of its birth. It has sent thirty-two scientific
expeditions to the tropics. It has published twenty-one
scientific memoirs, and has issued the ' Annals of Tropical
Medicine and Parasitology ' from 1907 to the present time.
The School has recently appointed three research
workers to the Manaos Research Laboratory, and the new
laboratory at Sierra Leone will also be staffed by the School.
There can be little doubt that this new method of attack,
viz., that of continuous research into the diseases of a
given locality at their place of origin will lead to results as
important as those achieved by our scientific expeditions
in the past.
As this record shows, the School has received very
generous support, and it has every confidence that this
support will be continued in the new era before it.
Tojiuc p.
SiK Rl BERT BOVCE. E.R.S.
3
Inception of The loss of human hfe in our West African i8q8
the School ^
and other tropical possessions caused the
Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, Secretary of State for the
Colonies, in 1898, to urge upon the medical authorities of
this country the necessity for research into the nature of
tropical diseases, and the desirability of affording special
instruction to medical officers proceeding to the
Tropics.
On March nth, 1808, Mr. Chamberlain addressed a Mr-Chamber-
' '' ' lain s letter
circular letter to the General Medical Council and the MedfcTcouncii
leading Medical Schools of the United Kingdom, pointing *° ° *"
out ' the importance of ensuring that all medical officers
selected for appointments in the Tropics should enter on
their careers with the expert knowledge requisite for dealing
with such diseases as are prevalent in tropical climates,
and that it was very desirable that, before undergoing
such special training, the future medical officers of the
Colonies should be given facilities in the various medical
schools for obtaining some preliminary knowledge of the
subject. ... I would be prepared,' he added, ' to give
preference in filling up medical appointments in the Colonies
to those candidates who could show that they had studied
this branch of medicine, especially if some certificate or
diploma to that effect were forthcoming.'
To this letter the General Medical Council replied : Genera" Medical
' while the Council is not prepared to recommend that
tropical medicine should be made an obligatory subject
of the medical curriculum, it seems highly advisable, in
the public interest, that arrangements should forthwith be
made by the Government for the special instruction in
tropical medicine, hygiene, and climatology of duly qualified
medical practitioners, who are selected for the Colonial
medical service, or who otherwise propose to practise in
tropical countries.'
Council
i8g8
Mr. Chamber-
Iain's circular
to Colonial
Governors
London School
of Tropical
Medicine
On May 28th, 1898, Mr. Chamberlain addressed a
circular to the Governors of all Colonies. After summarising
the steps which had been taken, he went on to say : —
' The great mortality among Europeans in such climates
as those of the West African Colonies and Protectorates has
not failed to attract my notice from the first, as it had that
of my predecessors in ofhce, and towards the end of the
year 1897, largely through the interest taken in the matter
by Dr. Manson, who had succeeded Sir Charles Gage-Brown
as medical adviser of the Colonial Office, my attention was
more definitely directed to the importance of scientific
inquiry into the causes of malaria, and of special education
in tropical medicine for the medical officers of the Crown
Colonies.
' In pursuance of the second of these two objects, it
was clearly advisable {a) that a special Training School in
Tropical Medicine should be established, where officers,
newly appointed to the medical services of the Colonies
and Protectorates, might be given systematic instruction,
with special facilities for clinical study, before leaving
England to take up their appointments, and where
doctors already in the service might, when on leave, have
opportunities of bringing their professional knowledge up
to date ; [b) that all the leading medical schools in the
United Kingdom should be invited to give greater prominence
than hitherto in their schemes of study to tropical medicine ;
(c) that the medical reports periodically sent from the
tropical Colonies and Protectorates should be recast on
one uniform type, designed to throw light on the diseases
which are most prevalent in tropical countries, and to
indicate the methods likely to be most successful in pre-
venting or curing such diseases.'
The result of this circular was the official formation
of the London School of Tropical Medicine.* A totally
* Staff appointed, May, 1899; teaching commenced, 2nd October, 1899;
officially opened, October 3rd, 1899.
The Rt. Hon. lOSEPlI and AIks. CHAMBERLAIN
To face p. 4.
5
unlooked-for result was the formation of the Liverpool 1898
School.* This came into being slightly before the London ^]^ooi°of
School, and was entirely due to the energy and public spirit SlieTicine
of two men : Alfred Lewis Jones and Rubert Boyce.
At the Annual Dinner of the students of the Royal Mr. a. l.
-^ Jones, offer
Southern Hospital, held on November 12th, 1898, Mr. A. L.
Jones made the announcement that he was prepared to
contribute ;^35o per annum for three years to promote the
special study of tropical diseases. This offer was accepted
by Mr. William Adamson, the President of the Royal
Southern Hospital, in the following letter : —
' 9 Sunnyside,
' Prince's Park,
' Liverpool.
' Alfred L. Jones, Esq., J.P., ' 14th November, 1898.
' Liverpool.
* Dear Sir,
' Your liberal offer to contribute ;^350 per annum for the study
of Tropical Diseases in connection with the Royal Southern Hospital
was received with considerable enthusiasm on Saturday evening,
and on behalf of the Committee of that Institution I sincerely
thank you.
' It is the intention of the Committee to pull down all the
block of houses, towards the purchase of which you so generously
contributed, opposite to the Hospital in Caryl Street, and, thus
having a clear open space, to erect in the centre various necessary
buildings, among others one where the special work designed by
your munificent offer will be more advantageously carried out
than by having cases of Tropical Diseases scattered through the
general wards as they are at present.
' Ever since its foundation our Hospital has had a far larger
number of such cases than probably all the other Hospitals put
together, in fact, we are seldom, if ever, without several at any
one time, and sometimes there are many.
' The Laboratory part of the work would be well handled at
the University College, but the proximity of the Southern Hospital
to the Docks, especially your steamers, points to this Institution
as being the one where the Clinical part must be done if the safety
of the patients is to be considered.
* Dean appointed, January 2cth, 1899; Demonstrator in Tropical
Pathology, February 7th; Lecturer in Tropical Medicine, April loth ;
teaching commenced. May, 1899; officially opened, April 22nd, 1899.
1898
Letter from
Secretary of
the Royal
Society in
support of
project
' As you are one of the Committee of this Hospital it would
be most gratifying to all of us and the town at large if a suitable
building in the space named, and containing a necessary number of
beds, could be erected at once and called after your good self as
the founder.
' I remain,
' Most truly yours,
William Adamson.
' P.S. — If my memory serves me correctly the Government
subsidised a number of beds in the Royal Southern Hospital for
the use of the soldiers returned from the Ashanti War.'
In support of the project, Principal Glazebrook received
the following letter from Dr. Michael Foster, Secretary of
the Royal Society : —
' The Royal Society,
' Burlington House,
' London, W.
' 1 8th November, 1898.
' My Dear Glazebrook,
' I think the idea of starting something at Liverpool about
Tropical Diseases in connection with the College, most admirable.
The opportunities of studying Tropical Diseases are greater at
Liverpool than anywhere else in England, excepting perhaps London.
' You have to arrange : —
' I. For teaching.
' 2. For Investigation.
' No. 2 wants, I think, more support than No. i.
' If you have a ward, say at the Southern Hospital, one of the
physicians might take charge of it, and give lectures, clinical at
the Hospital, and general say at the College — I suppose you might
give him a title.
' For investigation you do not, I think, need a separate Labora-
I tory at College, but a small Clinical Laboratory at the Hospital
itself. At this Clinical Laboratory ordinary observations would
be made ; any prolonged research would be carried on at the
Pathological Laboratory of the College, there is room enough there.
' The next point, I am in doubt about. I am inclined to think
that the Pathology of Tropical Diseases should belong to the
Professor of Pathology, who should, by virtue of this have some
connection with the Tropical Diseases Ward in the Hospital, have
access to the cases, &c. But he would need an assistant Pathologist,
specially told off to take care of the Pathology of Tropical Diseases,
a young man, qualified, not a student, say at a salary of ;^25o or so.
He, under the Professor, should have command of the Clinical
Photo hy Russell & Sons, H'indsor.
'To face p. 6.
H.R.H. PRINCESS CHRISTIAN
(Princess of Great Britain and Ireland)
Laboratory, and free access to cases ; whether he should give
Lectures or Demonstrations only might be arranged between him
and the Professor.
' This system of a Pathologist working with the Physician or
Surgeon in Clinical charge of the sick is being very largely worked
with great success in America, and this Tropical Disease seems to
offer an opportunity for it.
' I have talked with Lord Lister, and he generally approves of
what I have proposed, at least, thinks it most desirable that the
Hospital and College should lay hold of Tropical Diseases.
' I myself feel very strongly that it is an opportunity of study
of these diseases.
' When the experts on Malaria sent out to Africa get to work
on the West Coast, as they will in time do, it will be a great advantage
to have an Institution for Tropical Diseases already in work at
Liverpool. The experts abroad can work with the men at home.
' Ever yours truly,
' M. Foster.'
1898
This correspondence was circulated and a meeting
convened by Mr. A. L. Jones at the offices of Messrs. Elder,
Dempster & Co., on Wednesday afternoon, November 23rd,
1898, to consider the question of the treatment of malaria
cases. The following were present : —
Alfred L. Jones ;
William Adamson, President of the Royal Southern Hospital ;
R. T. Glazebrook, F.R.S., Principal of University College,
Liverpool ;
William Alexander, M.D., F.R.C.S., Senior Surgeon of the
Royal Southern Hospital ;
WiUiam Carter, M.D. (Lond.), F.R.C.P. (Lond.), Physician
to the Royal Southern Hospital, Professor of Thera-
peutics, University College, Liverpool ;
Rubert Boyce, Holt Professor of Pat^hology, University
College, Pathologist Royal Infirmary, Bacteriologist to
the Liverpool Corporation, and Consulting Pathologist
Royal Southern Hospital.
Mr. Alfred L. Jones was appointed Chairman, and
Mr. William Adamson, Vice-Chairman.
The following Resolutions were unanimously passed : —
I. 'That the gentlemen present form themselves into a
Committee, with the approval of their various
boards, for promoting the study of Tropical Diseases,
Original
Meeting and
formation of a
Committee
8 ,
1898 and to consider the best means of carrying out
Mr. Alfred L. Jones' intentions in the munificent
offer he has made to further the above object.'
2. 'That Mr. Charles W. Jones (of Messrs. Lamport and
Holt) be asked to serve on this Committee.'
It was decided that the above resolutions be printed,
and that Mr. Alfred L. Jones hand a copy to the Rt. Hon.
Joseph Chamberlain, Secretary of State for the Colonies.
The Committee recommended that before the next
meeting, the Professional Members should meet together
to consider and suggest the best means for practically
carrying out these objects.
Mr. Samuel James was appointed Secretary to this
Committee,
A second meeting of the Committee was held on
Monday, Dec. 12th, 1898. A letter, dated Dec. ist, 1898,
from Lord Ampthill, of the Colonial Office, to the
Chairman was read : —
' Dear Mr. Jones,
' I have shown your letter of the 28th ult. with regard to the
School of Tropical Medicine, which you have started in Liverpool,
to Mr. Chamberlain. He was much interested and very glad to
hear of the important work you have thus commenced.
' You are no doubt aware of what Mr. Chamberlain has been
doing himself with regard to the establishment of a School of
Tropical Medicine at the Seamen's Hospital, and he considers it
a great advantage that Liverpool should be co-operating on similar
lines.
' If it would interest you, I should be very glad to send you
particulars of the Colonial Oihce scheme and information as to
what has been done already, but I dare say that you have learnt
all that is essential from the newspapers.
' Yours very faithfully,
' (Signed) Ampthill.'
It was announced that Mr. Charles W. Jones had
consented to serve on the Committee.
The professional members forming the Sub-
Committee presented the following report : —
There are already in connexion with University College,
Schools of Art, of Law, and of Hygiene. Following the analogy
of these schools, the Committee suggest the formation of a per-
manent Joint Committee to manage the school, to be called
the Committee of the Liverpool School of Tropical Diseases.
Such a Committee should include : —
1. Representatives of Merchants and Ship Owners of
Liverpool, viz. :
(rt) Two Representatives nominated by the Liverpool
Chamber of Commerce.
(b) Two Representatives nominated by the Steamship
Owners' Association.
(c) Two Representatives nominated by the Sailing Ship
Owners' Association.
2. Two Representatives nominated by the Committee of
Management of the Royal Southern Hospital.
3. Two Representatives nominated by the Council of
University College.
4. Two Representatives nominated by the Staff of the Royal
Southern Hospital.
5. Two Representatives nominated by the Senate of University
College.
This Committee should have the General Management of the
School in accordance with a scheme to be agreed upon by the College
and the Hospital, should be responsible for the administration of
the funds available for the School, and should nominate, for appoint-
ment by the authorities of the College and the Hospital, those
members of the Staff of the School who did not hold office ex-officio
in virtue of other appointments
As to the Lecturer in Tropical Diseases, it is important that
the Committee of the School should be in a position to contemplate
the possibility of a gentleman being appointed to this post who is
not a member of the staff of the hospital. The Committee suggest
that arrangements might be made whereby the Lecturer for Tropical
Diseases should be appointed Consulting Physician for Tropical
Diseases to the Royal Southern Hospital and thus have access to
the cases in the Hospital.
The Staff should consist of the following Members : —
1. Ex-officio :
The Physicians of the Hospital.
The Surgeons of the Hospital.
The Professor of Pathology.
The Hospital Tutor.
1898
Committee
Duties of
Committee
Appointment
of Lecturer
Staff
lO
i8q8
Qualifications
o{ Students
CertiBcate of
Tropical
Diseases
Finance —
A. Annual
Expenditure
B. Capital
Outlay
Government
recognition
2. Members nominated by the Committee :
The Lecturer in Tropical Diseases.
The Demonstrator of Tropical Pathology.
Must be qualified medical men of this or foreign countries,
or 5th year students. In other circumstances special application
must be made.
At the end of the course an examination will be held, and a
certificate will be awarded to successful candidates.
The Committee recommend that : —
1. The Lecturer in Tropical Diseases receive a salary of
not less than ;^250 per annum, and some share of
the students' fees.
2. That the Demonstrator of Tropical Pathology receive
a salary of ^^200 per annum.
3. That an annual sum of ^^loo be allowed for expenses in
connection with the special Ward and Laboratory
of the Hospital.
4. That for the expenses connected with the Laboratory
Course at University College, an annual sum of
^75 be allowed.
5. That for expenses connected with the Tropical Diseases
Museum, an annual sum of ^^25 be granted.
The total of the annual expenditure is ;^500.
The Committee are of opinion that to meet the cost of printing
and other incidental expenses, an additional sum of ^£100 a year
should be provided, thus making the total annual sum necessary
to carry the scheme into effect, £600.
Additional buildings are needed at the Hospital and College.
The Committee think that their scheme should be regarded in the
character of a national undertaking — that it should receive national
as well as local support. The Hospital are owners of a large and
very eligible site in immediate contiguity to the present Institution,
which they are willing to devote to the purpose the Committee
have in view. It is felt that for the erection of buildings worthy
of the reputation of the city and of the reputation which they believe
this School will speedily attain, a capital expenditure of from j^6,ooo
to ^10,000 will be required for building purposes. Similarly, in
connection with the Thompson-Yates Laboratories, requisite
space for additional accommodation in connection with the Museum
of Pathology and Aduseum work-room can be provided in part of
the old buildings of the Medical School adjacent to the present
Museum, at a capital expenditure of ^2,500.
In order that the work of the School may be carried on with
effect, the Committee think it of the utmost importance that the
Government should recognise its Courses of Study and Certificates,
II
and that the School should thus be placed in this respect on an
equality with any other School of Tropical Diseases that may be
established in London or elsewhere. The Committee point out
that gentlemen intending to take up appointments in the Colonies
either under the Government or in civil positions, or to become
Medical Officers of ships trading to Tropical Countries, and others
who might wish to avail themselves of the advantages afforded by
the School, would probably hesitate to do so if they felt that a
Certificate, carrying with it what would appear to be a Government
recognition of superiority, was to be obtained exclusively elsewhere.
Establishment It was moved by Principal Glazebrook,
of the Liverpool , , , ^ ^ i i
School of seconded by Dr. Carter, and unanimously
SSes agreed that the foregoing suggestions by
the Sub-Committee be accepted.
Dr. Carter, Principal Glazebrook, and Mr. Alfred L.
Jones were appointed a Deputation to wait upon the
Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain and lay the scheme before
him.
1898
1899
Appointment of
Demonstrator
At a meeting of the Committee, held on January 20th,
1899, it was decided to advertise for a lecturer in tropical
diseases, at a salary of £250 per annum and a proportion
of students' fees.
Professor Boyce was appointed Dean of the Liverpool ^jPg,"'"^"*®"*
School of Tropical Diseases.
On February 7th, Dr. H. E. Annett was appointed
Demonstrator in Tropical Pathology to the Liverpool
School of Tropical Diseases, at a salary of ;£200 per annum,
payable quarterly from February ist, 1899. Dr. Annett
was thus the first salaried official of the School.
The following sums of money were voted : —
I. Royal Southern Hospital.
(a) For sundry alterations in rooms adjoining
the Thompson Ward and fitting the same
as a laboratory, not exceeding ... ... ;£ 100
{b) Apparatus for the above ... £38
12
i899
Hon. Treasurer
Hon. Secretary
Representatives
of Chamber of
Commerce on
the Committee
Application for
Government aid
and recognition
Letter from
Dr. Koch
foreshadowing
foundation of
German
Tropical
Institute
2. University College.
(a) Thompson-Yates Laboratory, not exceeding £135
(b) Books for special tropical diseases library... £50
Mr. John O. Strafford was authorised to sign cheques
and transact other business as Treasurer for the School.
It was intimated that Mr. James' duties at the Royal
Southern Hospital would not permit of his continuing to
do the secretarial work of this Committee, and it was
decided to appoint Mr. Alan Hay Milne, Under-Secretary
to the Chamber of Commerce, provided that body were
willing that he should accept the post.
On March 2nd, Dr. E. Adam and Mr. J. O. Strafford
were appointed on the Committee as representatives of the
Liverpool Chamber of Commerce.
A letter, dated February ist, from the Colonial Office
was read, in which it was stated that Mr. Chamberlain was
very glad to learn that it had been decided to establish
this School, but regretting that the Government could not
grant any financial aid ; however, in the selection of
candidates for medical appointments in the Colonies,
preference would be given to those who had received
instruction in tropical medicine, such as that provided in the
Liverpool School. A further letter from Mr. Chamberlain,
dated February 23rd, stated that at present all doctors
appointed to the Colonial Service must be attached to the
Albert Docks' Hospital for at least two months.
It was resolved (i) to write to the Colonial Office and
express regret that Mr. Chamberlain did not see his way to
dispense with the latter condition in the case of students
from the Liverpool School ; and (2) to approach the Colonial
Office on the subject later.
Dr. Koch, having been invited by Professor Boyce to
attend an inaugural dinner, replied, regretting his inability
to do so as he was about to proceed on another expedition.
13
He added : ' it is intended to found in Germany an institu-
tion for instruction and research in tropical hygiene and
diseases.'
On March 20th, Professor Boycc announced that
Lord Lister had written stating that he intended to approach
Mr. Chamberlain on behalf of the School, and it was therefore
resolved to postpone further action in the matter pending
receipt of information concerning the result of Lord Lister's
interview.
A letter was received from the Steamship Owners'
Association, dated March 14th, stating that Messrs. J. W.
Hughes and Charles Booth, jun., had been appointed
to represent the Association on the Committee of the
School.
The date of the inaugural dinner was fixed for
April 22nd, to suit the convenience of Lord Lister,
A draft circular appealing for subscriptions to the
School was submitted for consideration.
It was reported that a meeting of the Consuls
in Liverpool had been held on March 9th, and that the
Consuls had resolved to bring the School before the notice
of their respective Governments. Letters were received
from the Consuls for Mexico, the United States of America,
Italy, and the Argentine Republic, stating that they had
now done so.
On April loth. Professor Boyce stated that the Profes-
sional Sub-Committee recommended the appointment of
Major Ronald Ross, I. M.S., to the post of tropical lecturer ;
Professor Boyce having made a statement regarding the
qualifications of Major Ross, it was unanimously resolved
that he be appointed lecturer to the School, at a salary of
£250 per annum and a proportion of students' fees, subject to
the approval of University College and the Royal Southern
Hospital.
1899
Lord Lister's
endeavour to
obtain
Government
recognition
Representatives
of Steamship
Owners'
Association
on Committee
Inaugural
Dinner
Support of
Consuls
Major Ross
appointed
Lecturer to
tlie School
H
1899
Representatives
of Ship Owners'
Association on
Committee
Appointment of
Ittajor Ross
approved by
the Council of
University
College
A letter was received from the Ship Owners' Association,
dated March 29th, nominating Colonel Goffey and Mr. J.
Chadwick as their representatives on the Committee of the
School.
Letters were received from the Consuls for Liberia,
Serbia, Peru, Costa Rica, San Domingo, and Spain, stating
that they were bringing the School to the notice of their
respective governments.
On May ist, letters were received from the Principal
of University College, stating that the Council approved
the appointment of Major Ross, and from the Royal
Southern Hospital, stating that Major Ross had been elected
Honorary Consulting Physician for tropical diseases at the
Hospital.
At this time the constitution of the Committee and
Staff was as follows : —
COMMITTEE
Mr. Alfred Jones, Chairman.
Mr. William Adamson, President of the Royal Southern Hospital
V ice-Chairman.
Principal Glazebrook and Mr. Charles W. Jones, Council of
University College.
Professor R. W. Boyce, Dean, and Professor A. M. Paterson, Sejiate
of University College.
Dr. W. Alexander and Professor W. Carter, Royal Southern Hospital.
Mr. J. O. Strafford and Dr. E. Adam, Hon. Treasurers, Liverpool
Chamber of Commerce.
Mr. C. Booth, jun. and Mr. J. W. Hughes, Liverpool Steamship
Owners'' Association.
Colonel J. Goffey and Mr. J. Chadwick, Liverpool Ship Owners^
Association.
Mr. A. H. Milne, Hon. Secretary.
STAFF
Major R. Ross, Lecturer on Tropical Diseases.
Dr. H. E. Annett, Demonstrator in Tropical Pathology.
Teaching commenced in May of this year.
A. n. MILNE, C.M.G
To face p. 14.
15
The sum of ;^30 was voted towards the maintenance
and training in tropical diseases of three nurses to be
suppHed by the Colonial Nursing Association.
The following were appointed to act as a Finance
Sub-Committee : — Messrs. W. Adamson, C. Booth, jun.,
C. W. Jones, J. Chadwick, J. W. Hughes, and J. O.
Strafford.
A letter, dated April 19th, was read from the Chairman,
offering to arrange for a deputation to the. King of the
Belgians, and also a telegram to the Chairman from his
Belgian agent, dated May ist, to the effect that the King
would probably receive a deputation on May 6th. The
minute adds : ' this date not being convenient, it was left
to the Chairman to arrange a suitable date.' At the next
meeting of the Committee, on May 29th, letters from the
Chairman, dated May 7th and 12th, were read, suggesting
that this matter should not be pressed at present.
On June 12th, the Committee having sanctioned the
expenditure of £1,200 per annum for three years, it was
resolved to inform Major Ross that his salary of £250 per
annum would be guaranteed at any rate for three years.
A letter was received from the Belgian Consul-General,
informing the Committee that the Belgian Government
had officially appointed Dr. G. van Neck to visit Liverpool
and report on the School.
1899
Colonial
Nursing
Association
Formation o(
Finance
Sub-Committee
Interest ot
Belgian
Government
in the School
1st Expedition On the advice of Major Ross, an Expedition
was organised to proceed to West Africa,
consisting of Major Ross, Dr. H. E. Annett, Mr. E. E.
Austen — the services of the last-named being lent by the
trustees of the British Museum, his expenses being paid
by the Chairman of the School — and Dr. van Neck, of the
Belgian Government, who paid his own expenses. The
Colonial Office, India Office, and Foreign Office were unable
i6
1899 to offer any pecuniary assistance, but the Colonial Office
instructed the Sierra Leone Government to give every
facility to the work of the Expedition. The British Medical
Association sent a cheque for £100, to be used solely for the
purposes of the Expedition. The Expedition sailed to West
Africa on July 29th. On August 17th, a cable was received
from Major Ross, saying that the Expedition had discovered
the ' malaria mosquito,' and asking for an assistant. The
Colonial Office were asked to provide an assistant, but they
were unable to do so : it was accordingly resolved to send
out Dr. R. Fielding Ould, at the expense of the School,
with a view to his remaining in West Africa after the return
of the original Expedition. It was decided that he be
paid for his services at the rate of ;^ 100 per annum, and that
he be requested to sail in four days' time.
2nd Expedition Dr. Fielding Ould subsequently visited the
Gold Coast and Lagos.
On October 30th, the Secretary reported that the
Japanese Government had appointed an official to study
at the School.
Royal Society Professor Boycc stated that certain members of the
Commission on
Malaria Royal Society Commission on Malaria would shortly proceed
to the West Coast of Africa, and suggested that the School
should offer to defray the expense of their passages to the
Coast, The Chairman having notified his readiness to
defray the passages of the members of the Commission in
question, Principal Glazebrook was authorised to convey
that fact to Lord Lister, on the understanding that advantage
would be taken of the opportunity to impress upon Lord
Lister the fact that the School desired official recognition
at an early date.
I?
On January 8th, the first Annual Report of the School 1900
was approved and ordered to be pubHshed. feporf"""^'
The following: circular, addressed by Mr. Chamberlain Partial
*^ -^ Government
to Colonial Governors, was received : — recognition
* Downing Street,
nth November, 1899.
'Sir,
' I have the honour to transmit to you, with reference to
previous correspondence, the accompanying copies of the Syllabus
of the London School of Tropical Medicine.
' 2, In this Syllabus, the rate of the tuition fees chargeable
to students is stated, and the enclosed print contains supplementary
information regarding the fees for board and residence.
' 3. The School is now open and I shall be glad to learn
whether you concur in the following arrangements which it is
proposed to make for the training of Colonial Medical Officers : —
' (rt) All Colonial Medical Officers who may in the future be
selected by the Secretary of State, will be required
" to undergo a course of instruction for two months at
the School.
' {b) The cost of the tuition fees and also the fees for board and
residence during the above period will be borne by the
Colonial Government under which the Officer is about
to be employed, each Officer being required to sign
an Agreement with the Crown Agents for the Colonies
by which he will be bound to repay to the Colonial
Government the total amount of these fees in the
event of his relinquishing his appointment within
three years from the date of his arrival in the Colony
for any other reason than mental or physical infirmity.
' {c) In the case of Medical Officers already in the service
of a Colony who may desire, or who may be required
to undergo a course of instruction in tropical medicine
when they are on leave in this country, the tuition
fees, but not the fees for board or residence, will be paid
by the Colony.
' 4. A School of Tropical Diseases has been recently established
at the University College, Liverpool, and as it is excellently equipped
for the teaching of Tropical Medicine, I propose that Officers
already in the Colonial Service shall be allowed to receive their
instruction there instead of at the School in London, if they desire
to do so. Newly appointed Officers will, however, always be sent
to the latter School.
'5. It will be seen from the second enclosure in this despatch
that, under these arrangements, the total cost of training a newly
B
i8
1900
Memoir I
Increased
Expenditure
appointed Officer will be ^30 17s. 4d., while, in the case of an
Officer already in the Service, the cost will only be ^ll 12s. od.
These sums are so small when compared with the advantages
which will result from the introduction of the new scheme that I
am taking steps to bring it into operation in anticipation of your
concurrence.
' 6. In the case of Officers already in the Colonial Service,
you should give me as early an intimation as possible of their desire
to receive instruction, and, if the School in London is selected by
an Officer, it should be stated whether he wishes to reside at the
School itself, in order that arrangements may be made, if possible,
for his accommodation there.
' I have the honour to be,
'Sir,
' Your most obedient, humble Servant,
J. Chamberlain.
' The Officer Administering
' the Government of '
On February 8th, it was announced that Memoir No. I,
Instructions for the Prevention of Malarial Fever, was
rapidly being sold out and might require a second edition.
3rd Expedition A Malaria Expedition, consisting of
Drs. Annett, Button, and Elliott, was
dispatched to Nigeria on March 21st. It was decided that
the doctors named should be paid at the rate of £'25 per
month. Mr. Chamberlain commended the Expedition to the
High Commissioner of Southern Nigeria, who subsequently
set apart government buildings for the use of the Expedition
On April i8th, a telegram was received from Dr. Annett,
stating that the Expedition had already discovered
Anopheles.
On April 30th, it was unanimously resolved that the
annual grant of the School to the Royal Southern Hospital
be increased to £200, and Major Ross' salary be increased
to £300, and a bonus of £75 be awarded to the Honorary
Secretary.
On May 14th, it was announced that a London firm
had ordered 1,000 copies of Memoir I.
LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE. MEMOIR 1.
INSTRUCTIONS
PREVENTION OF MALARIAL FEVER
FOR THE USE OF RESIDENTS IN
MALARIOUS PLACES
FIFTH EDITION
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF LIVERPOOL 1900
To face p. iS.
19
A letter was read from Mr. C. P. Lucas, dated May 4th, 1900
asking that a statement regarding the work of the School
might be furnished to the Colonial Ofhce, with an additional
statement of what the School requires from the Government.
It was resolved that a statement be drawn up, and that the
Government be asked to make a financial grant to the
School in addition to giving full recognition in the matter
of students.
On June 4th, a letter was received from the Foreign
Office, stating that Lord Salisbury was considering the
terms of the arrangements to be made for a special course
of tropical medicine for medical officers in the various
African protectorates, under the administration of the
Foreign Office.
On Tune i8th, a letter was received from the Colonial Demand for
publications
Office, ordering 400 copies of Memoir I, Instructions for the
Prevention of Malarial Fever.
A pubhc meeting was held in Liverpool on June 25th, PubUc
with Mr. A. L. Jones in the Chair, the speakers being
Professor Boyce, Dr. Carter, Major Ross, Dr. Fielding Ould,
Professor Flexner, and Dr. Durham. On the motion of
the Chairman, seconded by Mr. E. K. Muspratt, and sup-
ported by Principal Dale, the following resolution was
carried unanimously : —
' That steps should be immediately taken by Her Majesty's
Government to improve the conditions of life for Europeans in the
tropics in every possible direction, by the segregation of Europeans,
improved sanitation, better water supply, clearance of bush near
towns, light railways to the mountains, and such other means as
science may direct ; and that the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce
be requested to co-operate with the School, and to ask the Govern-
ment to receive a joint deputation on the subject.'
4th Expedition An Expedition, consisting of Dr. Durham,
Grocers' Research Scholar, and Dr. Walter
Myers, John Lucas Walker Student, was dispatched on
20
IQOO June 30th to study yellow fever on the Amazon. It was
decided that Drs. Durham and Myers should be paid a
salary of £25 a month while serving on the Expedition.
At the invitation of the Treasury Department of the U.S.A.
Marine, the Expedition visited the Marine Hospital Bureau
and Laboratory at Washington, and at the invitation of
Dr. Sternberg they subsequently proceeded to Cuba to visit
the Yellow Fever Commission of the U.S.A. Government.
Nigeria
Expedition.
Important
scientific
discovery
Housing of
students
Appointment
of Assistant
Lecturers
Recognition by On August 3rd, a letter was read from the
Government
Colonial Office, dated July 12th, giving the
School full recognition by placing it on
the same terms as the London School with regard to newly-
appointed medical officers and their courses of training :
and also one from the Foreign Office, dated July 5th,
enclosing a circular to the African Protectorates, stating
that all doctors who may in future be selected for appoint-
ments in the Protectorates must take out an eight weeks'
course of instruction at either the London or Liverpool
School.
On August 4th, a telegram was received from Dr.
Annett, stating that the Expedition had discovered the
parasite of elephantiasis in the proboscis of Anopheles.
On September loth, it was resolved that the terms of
the School be ist October — 31st December, 15th January —
14th April, ist May — 31st July.
The advisability of renting a house for the residence
of students was considered on 17th September, and it was
agreed that if a suitable house could be found at about
£50 per annum, it should be rented, and arrangements made
with the University Club for the meals of the students.
On November 5th, Drs. Fielding Ould, Balfour Stewart,
and A. Griinbaum were appointed Honorary Assistant
Lecturers.
WALTER MYERS
To J ace p. 20.
21
The 3rd Expedition returned from Nigeria in November, 1900
and on December 17 th it was resolved that a bonus of £40
be paid to each of the members of the Expedition, in addition
to the salaries received by each.
Major Ross, having been invited by Dr. Woldert, Proposed
Dr. Osier, and Dr. Gibson, distinguished scientists in JJ^^'^g^?"
America and Canada, to visit the U.S.A. and to lecture on
the subject of malaria fever and mosquitoes, it was resolved
to authorise him to proceed to America at the end
of February with instructions to make the plans of his
visit in accordance with the best interests of the School
as regards its scope and duration. It was further resolved
to defray Major Ross' expenses in connection with the
visit.
Mr. F. C. Danson was appointed by the Council of 1901
University College, on February 6th, as its representative commiUe*e°
on the Committee in place of Mr. C. W. Jones.
A public meeting was held in the Town Hall on Puwio Meeting
February 12th, to consider the practical question of
improving health conditions in West Africa. The President
of the Royal College of Physicians, Sir William Church,
was the principal speaker, and the matters discussed, with
the recommendations approved, will be found below : —
OBSERVATIONS
The evidence of the members of the Expeditions respecting
sanitary and health conditions on the West Coast of Africa having
been carefully considered by the Professional Sub-Committee of
the School, the following conclusions were reached : —
A. That the sanitary conditions of most of the stations on
the Coast cannot be considered satisfactory. As instances, it
may be mentioned that the surface-drainage and clearance of
undergrowth are generally defective ; that the clearance and
disposal of refuse require more attention ; that the water supply
may sometimes be much improved ; that the houses of Europeans
and many of the public buildings do not generally reach the
standard required for health in the tropics, and are for the most
22
IQOI part erected on unhealthy sites ; and that adequate sanitary-
laws do not seem to exist, or are certainly not enforced.
B. That while many medical men have shown great zeal
and energy, they have not always been able to pay due attention
to recent medical researches and methods. As reasons for this
may be mentioned the want of microscopes and other apparatus ;
the absence of any arrangement for obtaining easy access to
medical literature ; the defectiveness of education as regards
bacteriology and parasitology ; and the want of encouragement
of scientific aptitude and research.
C. That these defects are chiefly attributable to imper-
fections in medical and sanitary organisation, such as the absence of
any adequate central mechanism for originating and enforcing the
necessary reforms, and the powerlessness of local medical officers.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The School, therefore, strongly urges that steps may be shortly
taken to press upon the Government the need for the following
reforms : —
A. The appointment of a Chief Sanitary Commissioner on
the Indian model, to travel from town to town on the West Coast
of Africa, in order to report fully to the Colonial Office regarding
sanitary and medical matters in each Colony ; to suggest necessary
reforms ; and to see that such reforms as are approved by the
Colonial Office are carried out. It is further recommended that
the proposed office of Chief Sanitary Commissioner be placed in
the hands of a person who is thoroughly versed in modern medical
and sanitary science ; that he should report directly to the
Colonial Office ; that he should have as Assistant a Sanitary
Engineer subordinate to himself ; and that his salary be met by
contributions from the several Colonies which he is appointed
to serve, but that he shall not be subordinate to the Government
of any of those Colonies. Sanitary Commissioners are appointed
in India on these principles, and enable central governments to
examine and direct sanitary aflFairs in subordinate provinces.
B. As regards particular sanitary and medical reforms,
many of the following have been largely effected in India, with
very great saving of life, and may well be recommended for other
tropical countries : —
{a) The gradual drainage of the soil, and clearance of rank
vegetation in and around the principal towns and
settlements.
(J)) The erection of suitable houses for Europeans, on proper
sites, as funds and opportunities permit — attention
being specially paid to the customs prevailing in
India in these respects.
THE WALTER MYERS MEMORIAL TABLET
To face p. 22.
23
(f) Attention to the usual sanitary laws as regards cleanliness, 1901
disposal of refuse, water supply, and other require-
ments.
{d) The imposition of a good code of sanitary laws and
regulations based on the similar Indian municipal
regulations.
(<?) Provision of proper apparatus in the hospitals, and of
medical literature for Colonial Medical Ofhcers.
(J) Encouragement of scientific aptitude and research.
Later in 1901, the School received notice from the
Committee of the African Trade Section of the Liverpool
Chamber of Commerce that the subject of health and
sanitation in West Africa was being considered by that
Committee, together with the African Section Committee
of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce. The School
was invited to send delegates to attend several meetings
convened by the former Committee, at which the foregoing
statement was submitted and considered, and they were
asked to co-operate with the Liverpool, Manchester, and
London Chambers in the matter.
As a result of the combined movement, an important
deputation was organised by the Chambers of Commerce
of Liverpool, Manchester, and London, which waited on
the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on March 15th.
The case was fully laid before Mr. Chamberlain, from the
School's point of view, by its delegates.
The outcome of the deputation was an important
proposal by Mr. Chamberlain for the formation of a Special
Commission, to consist of merchants elected by the Cham-
bers of Commerce of London, Liverpool, and Manchester,
who would be authorised to proceed to West Africa in the
company of a scientific expert, for the purpose of investi-
gating the whole subject of health and sanitation there,
with the various questions involved.
A telegram was received announcing the death, from S?.*waiter
yellow fever on January 20th, in Para, of Dr. Walter Myers, «rExp«ditk>n
24
igoi at the age of 29, Dr. Durham also contracted yellow
fever, but fortunately recovered, and remained in Brazil
until the summer of 1901, continuing his work.
Foundation of Jo commemorate the distinguished work
Walter Myers ^
Lectureship and of Dr. Myers, it was decided to found a
Walter Myers Lectureship, which was to
be permanent, and a Walter Myers Fellow-
ship, to be maintained for a period of five years. In
addition to these foundations, the School, with the consent
of Dr. Myers' parents, erected a tombstone over his grave
in Para, and a memorial bronze in the laboratory of the
School in University College, Liverpool, sending a replica
of the latter to Birmingham University, as Dr. Myers was
a former student at Mason College.
On May 6th, Major Ronald Ross was appointed to the
lectureship, and Dr. J. E. Dutton to the fellowship.
5th Expedition On May 6th, Major Ronald Ross
announced that Mr. James Coats, jun.,
of Paisley, had placed ;£ 1,000 in his hands unreservedly
for the purpose of conducting an expedition to West Africa
to endeavour to exterminate mosquitoes from a given
district there, and that Mr. Coats wished the expedition
to go out under the auspices of the School. The expedition
was approved, and Major Ross and Dr. Logan Taylor
started for Freetown, Sierra Leone, on June 15th. Dr. C. W.
Daniels, Medical Superintendent of the London School of
Tropical Medicine, joined the expedition, as did also
Dr. Anderson McKendrick, of the Army Medical School.
6th Expedition Major Ross wrote to the School on July ist,
urging that operations similar to those
being carried out by the 5th Expedition in Sierra Leone
be conducted also in the Gambia and the Gold Coast, and
IHffiltf J "^
■■). . ,,
..i*^. ^ ^ %'■ -^^
m
r^ • '^^^
SECOND LABORATORY OF THE SCHOOL
To face p. 24.
25
accordingly, a 6th Expedition, consisting of Dr. J. E.
Button, was dispatched to the Gambia on September 21st.
1901
7th Expedition Qn November 30th, a 7th Expedition,
consisting of Dr. Balfour Stewart, was
dispatched to the Gold Coast. Dr. Stewart was re-
munerated from the special funds placed in Major Ross's
hands by Mr. Coats.
During the year the Chairman of the School was
created a Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael
and St. George, and Major Ross was elected a Fellow of
the Royal Society.
The want of a suitable hall of residence for students
attending the School had been felt for some time past,
and steps were taken in the summer to found such an
institution. The Chairman, together with Mr. John Holt and
the Hon. R. B. Blaize of Lagos, consented to finance the
undertaking, and the School readily sanctioned the project.
Two large adjoining houses in Parliament Street, Nos. 44
and 46, were taken as temporary premises and placed
under the charge of Dr. H. E. Annett as Warden. The
Hall was opened by the Lord Bishop of Liverpool on
November 2nd.
In connection with the Hospital, a special out-patient
department, for patients suffering from tropical diseases,
was opened in October.
At a meeting on January 6th, the grant to the
University College was increased to £175 per annum.
It was announced that a telegram had been received
from Dr. Dutton stating that he had made an important
medical discovery, viz. : the identification for the first time
of a trypanosome in the blood of man. This parasite was
subsequently shewn to be the cause of sleeping sickness and
is now known as Trypanosoma gambiense, Dutton, 1902.
students' Hall
of Residence
opened
Out-patient
Department
at Royal
Southern
Hospital
1902
Important
scientific
discovery
1902
Resignation ot
Major Ross
Re-appointment
of Major Ross
Duke of
Northumberland
elected Vice-
President
Resignation of
Dr. Annett
Appointment of
Dr. Stephens
26
8th Expedition The 8th Expedition, consisting of Major
Ross, was dispatched to Sierra Leone on
22nd February.
On 3rd April, Major Ross informed the Committee
that he had been offered and had accepted a post at the
Jenner Institute in London. The resignation was accepted
with regret, and Major Ross left the School on April 21st.
On 9th June, a letter was received from Major Ross saying
that he had definitely resigned his post at the Jenner
Institute and wished to become a candidate for the lecture-
ship at the School. It was resolved : (i) That Major Ross
be re-appointed to the Walter Myers lectureship at a
salary of £500 ; and (2) That steps be immediately taken
by the School to raise an endowment of £300 per annum
to establish a chair of tropical medicine in University
College, to be held by Major Ross in the first instance,
in which event the School undertook to raise the salary
attaching to the professorship to a minimum of ;^6oo per
annum.
On September 8th, the Duke of Northumberland,
K.G. was unanimously elected Vice-President of the
School.
Dr. Annett tendered his resignation of the post of
Demonstrator in Tropical Pathology and Dr. J. W. W.
Stephens was appointed to the vacancy on October 6th.
9th Expedition The 9th Expedition of the School
consisting of Major Ross, who was
accompanied by Sir William MacGregor, K.C.M.G., Governor
of Lagos, was dispatched to Ismailia on nth September.
10th Expedition The loth Expedition, consisting of
Dr. J. E. Dutton and Dr. J. L. Todd, was
dispatched to the Gambia and French Senegal on 21st
September.
\V11.1,|.\M JOHNSTON
To face p. 26.
27
11th Expedition The nth Expedition, consisting of Dr. M. 1902
Logan Taylor, was dispatched to the Gold
Coast from Sierra Leone, on nth October.
On December ist, it was announced that the Nobel NobYiVrizeto
Prize had been awarded to Major Ross in recognition of Major Ross
his distinguished work on Malaria. The prize, which was
of the value of about £8,000, was formally presented to
Major Ross by His Majesty the King of Sweden on
December loth.
During the year Dr. R. Caton was appointed to
represent the Council of the University College on the
Committee, Major Ross was made a Companion of the
Order of the Bath, and Professor Rubert Boyce a Fellow
of the Royal Society.
Alfred Jones A sum of /io,ooo having been raised by 1003
Chair of Tropical r^ , , r 1 ^ <■ ^■
Medicine the School for the purpose of founding a
chair of Tropical Medicine in University
College, it was agreed that the money be handed over to
the Council of University College for the purpose of
immediately establishing such a chair, that the chair
be called the ' Alfred Jones Chair of Tropical Medicine,'
and that the first holder of the professorship be Major
Ross. This gift was accepted by the Council and Major Appointment oi
Ross was appointed first professor of Tropical Medicine. ^^^".°\
Dr. J. W. W. Stephens was appointed on 5th January, Medicine
Walter Myers
to the Walter Myers Lectureship vacated by Major Ross. Lectureship
On February 2nd, Mr. J. O. Strafford resigned the
post of honorary treasurer, and Messrs. George Brocklehurst
and Charles Booth, jun., were appointed joint honorary
treasurers.
On April 8th, a letter was received from the Colonial
Office stating that Mr. Chamberlain was of opinion that all
students whose fees were paid by Colonial Governments
28
1903 should pass an examination and obtain a certificate of
ac&t7 proficiency. It was resolved to comply with Mr.
Chamberlain's wishes in this matter.
Mary Kingsley On April 7th, a recommendation of the
Medal
Professional Sub-Committee was considered
that a medal should be struck in com-
memoration of the late Miss Mary Kingsley, to
be presented by the School from time to time to
distinguished scientists who had specialised in the field of
tropical medicine and kindred subjects. The designs
of Mr. Charles J. Allen and Mr. J. H. McNair were accepted
and it was resolved to authorise the striking of the medal,
the cost of which was defrayed from funds contributed by
Mr. Coats, jun., and Mr. Charles Kingsley.
Opening of
Johnston
Laboratories
These laboratories, which were presented
to University College by Mr. William
Johnston, were formally opened on 9th
May, by the Rt. Hon. Walter Long, M.P., President
of the Local Government Board, in the presence
of a distinguished company, including a large number of
well-known foreign scientists amongst whom were
Professors Blanchard, Nocard, v. Hansemann, Perron cito,
Bottazzi and Ravenel. The ground floor of the building
was devoted to Tropical Medicine and afforded accommoda-
tion for about 40 students.
On July 15th the University Charter
was granted.
On 6th July, Dr. C. Christy was appointed Assistant
Lecturer in the School, and on 27th July Dr. Linton was
appointed research assistant at a salary of £100 per annum.
On July 6th, the School undertook to print and publish
a text book by Stephens and Christophers entitled The
Practical Study of Malaria and other Blood Parasites.
University
Charter
29
On August loth, a letter was read from Dr. J. L. 1903
Todd, offering £200 for twelve months, and if required D^T^^d
for a second period of twelve months, to defray
the salary of Dr. Wolferstan Thomas, should the
School agree to invite the latter to carry on the
work of the Senegambia Expedition in the Johnston
Laboratories during the absence of Drs. Dutton and Todd
in the Congo. It was resolved to thank Dr. Todd for his
most generous offer which was gratefully accepted, and
that Dr. Thomas be appointed to the staff of the School. J?P?i°San'
Thomas
12th Expedition The 12th Expedition, consisting of
Drs. J. E. Dutton, J. L. Todd, and
C. Christy, was dispatched to the Congo Free State on
13th September. This Expedition was sent out at
the request of the Belgian Government which contributed
£650 towards the expenses of the Expedition.
On October 5th, it was resolved to write to the
Chancellor of the Exchequer and ask him to receive a
small deputation to lay before him the claims of the School
to receive a grant of £500 a year for five years. On
October 20th, a letter was received from the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, stating that the application of the School
for financial assistance was being dealt with by the Colonial
Office. Mr. Lyttleton, Secretary of State for the Colonies,
consented to receive a small deputation from the School
on November 19th.
On December 7th, Professor Boyce called the attention
of the Committee to the fact that the University of Cam-
bridge had estabhshed a Diploma in Tropical Hygiene,
and suggested that Liverpool should follow suit. It was
decided to request the University authorities to consider
the desirability of issuing such a Diploma.
During this year Sir William Bowring was appointed
Diploma in
Tropical
Hygiene
proposed
3°
1904 to represent the Council of the University on the
Committee.
The Rt. Hon. A. Lyttleton, Secretary of State for the
Colonies, inspected the School on March 5th,
A letter, dated March 31st, was read from Dr. Linton
tendering his resignation as research assistant.
On nth April, a new prospectus (the second) of the
School was issued,
nciai On May Qth, the attention of the Committee was
drawn to the fact that the assets of the School totalled
only £90, whereas the liabilities to December 31st — on the
current scale — would be about £1,000 for that period.
It was further pointed out that this did not include the
expenses incident to the Congo Expedition. It was
resolved to recommend the Professional Sub-committee to
consider the advisability of the Expedition being recalled,
and the work on trypanosomiasis stopped, in view of the
heavy expense entailed thereby. The report of the
Professional Sub-committee on the matter was as follows : —
' That, after careful consideration of the expenses incurred on
account of the Congo Expedition of the School, and the Trypano-
somiasis research work carried on in connection therewith, the
Sub-Committee are of opinion that the work cannot be carried
on at much less expense than ^2,000 a year. They consider it
would take two more years to bring the experiments to a successful
conclusion. They are strongly of opinion that this special work is
most valuable ind should be continued if possible.
' They recommend the general Committee, therefore, to
issue a special appeal to the Public, calling attention to this branch
of research, and asking for the necessary funds. The Committee
recommend that a limit of time should be named, say August 1st,
and, if by that date there does not seem much probabihty of
collecting the whole, or a sufficient proportion of the amount
required, they must then reluctantly recommend the General
Committee to recall the Congo Expedition, and abandon the
Trypanosomiasis research work on the scale now carried on in
Liverpool.'
On June 20th, it was resolved after careful considera-
tion that the Honorary Secretary be instructed to inform
31
the Staff at the Johnston Laboratories that no more money 1904
was available for expenditure on animals, instruments, etc.,
and that for the present no further expenditure in this
direction, on the part of the professional staff of the School,
should be incurred.
On the appeal of Professor Boyce, it was resolved to
reconsider this decision at the next meeting.
On July 4th, it was decided to apply to the Bank for
an overdraft of £500.
On nth July, the Chairman announced that he had
a sum of £500 to hand over to the School.
In September the School Laboratories at Runcorn Runcorn
^ Research
were established for the purpose of maintaining strains of J^-aboratories
trypanosomes and spirochaetes, and other important
pathogenic parasites which had been collected by the
Expeditions of the School. Dr. Annett was instru-
mental in obtaining the premises which were placed
under the charge of Dr. Thomas with an assistant research
staff.
On 5th September, the Honorary Secretary asked for
instructions regarding the recalling of the Congo Expedition.
The Chairman read a letter from Professor Boyce pointing
out that an arrangement had been made at the laboratory
whereby the expenses there in connection with the
Expedition could be kept within the grant of £5 a week,
and that consequently the only other expense was the
salaries of the Expedition. He considered that it would
be of the greatest advantage to allow the Congo Expedition's
work to go on. Sir Alfred Jones said he had hopes of
inducing H.M. the King of the Belgians to give more
money, and suggested that the Committee should postpone
consideration to another meeting.
On October 3rd, the Chairman announced that he
would shortly interview H.M. the King of the Belgians on
32
1904 the subject of further funds for the Expedition, and the
question of recalling it was therefore postponed.
On November 7th, it was resolved that the attention
of the Council of the University of Liverpool be drawn
to the condition of the finances of the Liverpool
School of Tropical Medicine ; and that in consideration of
the services rendered to the University by the School and
of the increasing difficulty experienced in raising the large
annual sum required for the conduct of the School on its
present scale, the University be asked to relieve the School
of the expenses incurred in the maintenance of the University
Laboratories, set apart for the use of the School, which
expenses at present amount to a sum of £620 per annum.
Government A letter was read from the Colonial Office dated
grant
November 4th, offering the School £soo a year to be
devoted to some special object approved by the Advisory
Board for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund. It was
resolved to accept the offer, and to formulate later the objects
on which the money will be spent, such objects to be
determined by the Professional Sub-committee and the
Finance Sub-committee.
On November 7th, a letter was read from Dr. Griinbaum
resigning his honorary lectureship.
In September, Major Ross paid a visit of inspection
to the Panama Canal, where he was the guest of the Canal
Commission.
13th Expedition The 13th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Professor Boyce, Dr. Arthur
Evans, and Dr. Herbert Clarke, was dispatched to Bathurst,
Conakry and Freetown on 14th November.
14th Expedition The 14th Expedition, consisting of Lt.-Col.
G. M. Giles, I.M.S., and Dr. R. E. McConnell
was dispatched to the Gold Coast on 31st December.
■$
J. ENKRETT DUTTON
To face p. 32.
33
Diploma in A Diploma in Tropical Medicine was 1004
Tropical t- r v t
Medicine established by the University during this
established
year.
On January loth to 12th, Her Royal Highness Princess 1905
Christian visited the School, accompanied by the late prfncess"'^"^'
Secretary of State for the Colonies, the Rt. Hon. Joseph ^•"*'"*°
Chamberlain. She was invited to become Honorary
President of the School, and on February 13th graciously
consented to accept the position.
Incorporation The Committee being of the opinion that
of the School ° ^
the time had arrived when the School
should be incorporated, steps were accord-
ingly taken for that purpose, and the School was duly
incorporated on 30th January.
It was with the deepest regret that the Committee Death of Dr.
J. E. Dutton
learned of the sudden death on February 27th, of Dr.
Dutton, Walter Myers Fellow, at Kasongo, on the Congo,
while actively engaged in the investigation of trypano-
somiasis and tick fever. In 1903, Dr. Dutton, accompanied
by Dr. Todd, had proceeded to the Congo to investigate
trypanosomiasis and other tropical diseases. Towards the
end of 1904 they had reached Stanley Falls, and indepen-
dently they were able to demonstrate the cause of tick Discovery of
cause of Tick
fever in man— a discovery made a few weeks previously ''ever
by Ross and Milne in the Uganda Protectorate. Further,
they were able to prove the transference of the disease
from man to monkeys by means of a particular species of
tick. During these investigations both observers contracted
the disease. The last letter from Dr. Dutton was dated
Kasongo, February 9th, when he seemed in excellent spirits.
By his death, the Tropical School and the University
suffered the loss of a most brilliant graduate. Although
34
1905
Mr. R. Newstead
appointed to
the staS
Mary Kingsley
Medal
Grant from
University
Dr. Todd and
Dr. Breinl
appointed to
the staff
only twenty-nine years old, he had already won a recognised
position throughout the scientific world.
On April ist, Mr. R. Newstead, Curator of the Grosvenor
Museum, Chester, for nineteen years, was appointed Lecturer
in Economic Entomology and Parasitology, at a salary of
£250 per annum.
15th Expedition The fifteenth Expedition, consisting of
Dr. H. Wolferstan Thomas and Dr. Anton
Breinl, John Garrett International Fellow in Bacteriology,
was dispatched to the Amazon on 19th April, to study
yellow fever.
The first recipients selected for the medal were Sir
Patrick Manson, K.C.M.G., Colonel Bruce, C.B., Dr. Laveran
and Professor Koch. In the case of the first two, the medals
were personally presented on July ist, by Her Royal Highness
Princess Christian, at Schomberg House. As Dr. Laveran
was unavoidably prevented from attending, a representative
of the French Embassy received it for him. Professor Koch
was absent in East Africa, and it was arranged to make
the presentation of his medal through the British Ambassa-
dor in Germany.
On August 14th, a letter, dated 20th July, was read
from the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Liverpool,
stating that the Council of the University would make a
grant to the School of £200 per annum.
16th Expedition The i6th Expedition, consisting of
Professor Boyce, was dispatched on August
4th to New Orleans, to study yellow fever. Later, at
the request of the Colonial Office, Professor Boyce visited
British Honduras.
On December nth. Dr. Todd and Dr. Breinl were
appointed assistant lecturers to the School. Dr. Todd had
recently returned from the Congo Expedition, and Dr. Breinl
35
had been invalided home from the Amazon Expedition in 1905
September, as the result of a severe attack of yellow fever ;
on his way home he was shipwrecked and lost all his personal
effects.
The first edition of this textbook of the School having U'^S/.*"""'
been exhausted, a second revised and enlarged edition was
pubUshed.
On April 3rd, it was resolved that Dr. J. L. Todd be 1906
appointed Director of Tropical Research at the Runcorn ^^jl"^"!^/"* °'
Laboratory. L^Br""
Laboratory
17th Expedition The 17th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Professor Ross, C.B., was
dispatched on May 20th, to Lake Copais, in Greece, to
study malaria at the request of the Lake Copais Co. After
his return from his mission, Professor Ross suggested that
the School should collect funds to assist the Greek Anti-
Malaria League in its campaign against malaria. The
proposal met with the approval of His Majesty the King
of Greece, Her Royal Highness Princess Christian (Honorary
President of the School), and other distinguished personages.
A fund was started, and was well supported. In this
connection, the Physician of the King of Greece, Dr. Savas,
visited the School in the autumn.
On 23rd August, His Majesty the King of the Belgians SSedby
gave an audience to Sir Alfred Jones, Professor ot the Belgians
Ross, Professor Boyce, Dr. Stephens, Mr. R. Newstead,
Dr. Todd, Dr. Evans, and Mr. A. H. Milne, at the
Palace in Brussels, when the question of the prevention
of sleeping sickness was fully discussed. After the
audience His Majesty entertained the deputation at
luncheon, when he conferred the Order of Leopold II
on Professor Ross, Professor Boyce, and Dr. Todd, for
their services in the cause of Tropical Medicine.
36
1907
Finance
MuniQcent gifts
from ttie Congo
Free State and
from H.M. the
King of tlie
Belgians
Dr. Breinl
appointed
Director of
Runcorn
Laboratory
On February 5th, it was resolved that the Chairman
of the School should make a personal application to the
Colonial Office for an increase of the grant. It was
announced that the amount owing by the School to the
Congo Free State for housing and transport of the 12th
Expedition was 35,525 francs. On March 5th, a special
appeal for funds was issued. On nth June, a letter was
read from the Secretary-General of the Congo Free State,
to the effect that the Government of that State released
the School from payment of the sum owing to them. On
13th August, the Secretary reported that the School was
overdrawn at the Bank to the extent of £200, and it was
resolved to make a special effort to raise the money required.
It was announced on October 8th, that His Majesty
the King of the Belgians had made the munificent gift of
£1,000 to the general funds of the School.
On 30th April, Dr. J. L. Todd, Director of the Runcorn
Research Laboratories, left the School to take up the post
of Associate-Professor of Parasitology at McGill University,
Montreal.
18th Expedition The i8th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Dr. Alan Kinghorn, Johnston
Colonial Fellow, 1905, and Mr. R. E. Montgomery, was
dispatched to Rhodesia and British Central Africa, on
May 5th. The Colonial Office subscribed £250 towards
the expenses of the Expedition, and sanctioned the
expenditure of a sum of £100 from the funds of the
British Central Africa Protectorate. The British South
Africa Company offered free transport and quarters when-
ever available, and a subsistence allowance of 10/- daily
to each of the members whilst working in their territories.
On 14th May, Dr. A, Breinl was appointed Director of
the Runcorn Research Laboratory, at a salary of £250
per annum.
37
On 3rd June, it was resolved to increase the salary 1907
of the Alfred Jones Professor of Tropical Medicine by ^J°J®"""""*
£100 per annum.
19th Expedition The 19th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Dr. Barratt and Dr. Yorke,
was dispatched on August 14th to Nyasaland, to study
blackwater fever. The Colonial Office contributed a grant
of ;^500 towards the expenses of this Expedition, and
free passages to Chinde were provided by the German
East Africa Line.
20th Expedition The 20th Expedition, consisting of
Professor Ross, C.B., was dispatched to
Mauritius to study malaria at the request of the Colonial
Office, in October. The cost of the Expedition was defrayed
by the Colonial Office.
On October 8th, it was resolved to place on record Jiinessoi
^ Professor
the anxiety of the School with regard to Professor Boyce's ^°^''^-
illness and its sincere hope for his recovery.
During the year, Mary Kingsley Medals were awarded
to Professor Danielewsky, Dr. Charles Finlay, Mr. W. M.
Haffkine, Professor Golgi, Colonel Gorgas, Professor Looss,
and Professor Theobald Smith. Mr. Haffkine was presented
with his medal at a dinner given in his honour by the
Chairman of the School on 21st October. In the other
cases, the medals were handed to the recipients by His
Majesty's representatives at the places where they resided.
The general expenditure during this year, owing
chiefly to the dispatch of the Sleeping Sickness Expedition
to Rhodesia and British Central Africa, was very heavy,
necessitating a bank overdraft of nearly £700. The second
appeal for funds for the purpose of the Yellow Fever
Expedition to Manaos, in 1905, resulted in over ;^i,ooo
being raised for that Expedition. The Congo Free State
Awards of
Mary Kingsley
Medals
Financ*
38
1907
Alteration in
course of
Instruction
Professor
Boyce
Knighted
Visit of H.R.H.
the Princess of
Wales
again made a most generous gift to the School of ;^400,
chiefly for the work on sleeping sickness.
On 14th October, it was decided, in view of the recent
great advance in tropical medicine, that the time had now
arrived when the curriculum of teaching on the subject
should be extended, and it was therefore resolved (i) that
the Autumn and Lent Courses, which were at present
of only ten weeks' duration, should be extended to thirteen
weeks, and (2) that in order to allow this change the Summer
Term should be replaced by a short course of practical
instruction in tropical pathology and medical entomology,
lasting for four weeks during the month of June. This
alteration had the approval of the Colonial Office.
On November 9th, Professor Boyce was knighted in
recognition of his distinguished services.
Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales paid an
informal visit to the School on November 29th.
Annals of Up to this date, the scientific work of the
Tropical
Medicine and School had been pubhshed in a series of
Memoirs, twenty-one in number. On
November 5th, 1906, it was decided to
alter the style of the publication, and that future papers
should appear in a journal. The Annals of Tropical Medicine
and Parasitology. The first number was issued on ist
February, and the journal was entered at Stationers'
Hall on 23rd February.
On 31st December, a letter was received from the
Honorary Treasurer, Mr. George Brocklehurst, reUnquishing
his post.
1908
Awards of
Mary Kingsley
Medals
In January, Mary Kingsley Medals were presented to
the Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, M.P., and the Rt. Hon.
Lord Lister.
THE UNIVERSHY OF LIVERPOOL
Annals
OF
Tropical Medicine and
Parasitology
ISSUED BY THE
LnT.RPooL School of Tropical Medicine
Edited by
Professor J. W. W. STEPHENS, M.D.Cant.ib.. D.P.H.
Professor R. NEWSTEAL), M Sc. J. P., F.R.S., A.L.S., F E.S., Hon. F.R.H.S.
Professor WARRINGTON VORKE, M D.
VOLUME XIII
(May 12, 1919, to March 15, 1920)
IV uh Frontispiece-, tu'dve platc-s,Joriy-six fii^ures in text, thirty-oiw cl\iris,
and three maps
LIVERPOOL:
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 57 ASHTON STREET
To face p. 38.
39
Lord Stanley, K.C.V.O., kindly consented to act as
Honorary Treasurer in succession to Mr. George Brockle-
hurst. Later in the year, he succeeded to the title of
Earl of Derby, and Mr. Alec Rea was then appointed in
his stead. The position of Vice-President to the School
was accepted by the Right Honourable the Earl of Derby.
In February, Mr. William Adamson, who had been
Vice-Chairman of the School since its foundation, resigned
the position on the ground of ill-health.
In April, Mr. F. C. Danson was appointed Vice-
Chairman.
On 4th February, Dr. Nierenstein, John Garrett
International Fellow, 1906-8, who was devoting all his
time to work in the interests of the School, was appointed
Research Demonstrator at the Runcorn Laboratories, and
was subsequently given an additional salary of £50 per
annum.
On April ist, the Government grant to the School
was increased from £500 to £1,000, and the Secretary of
State for the Colonies sanctioned grants of 1^250 each from
the East Africa Protectorate and Uganda towards the
large expenditure incurred in keeping the Sleeping Sickness
and Blackwater Fever Expeditions in Africa till the end
of the year.
21st Expedition The 2ist Expedition, consisting of Mr. R.
Newstead, Dr. W. T. Prout, and Dr. Alan
Hanley, C.M.G., late P.M.O. Southern Nigeria, was
dispatched to Jamaica, on November 14th, to study cattle
and other ticks.
Mr. E. Hindle, who had been Research Assistant at
Runcorn, severed his connection with the School on
November 24th.
An invitation was sent to the School to exhibit speci-
mens at the Franco-British Exhibition, to be held in London.
1908
Appointment of
Treasurer
Earl of Derby
appointed
Vice-President
Mr. F. C.
Danson
appointed
Vice-chairman
Government
grant increased
Resignation
ol Mr. Hindle
Franco-British
Exhibition
4°
igoS
Mr. R. Rankin
1909
Gift of Sir
Edward Durning-
Lawrence
Dr. Yorke
appointed to
Runcorn
The Committee accepted the invitation, and Dr. J. W. W.
Stephens and Mr. R. Newstead were asked to prepare a
suitable exhibit. This exhibit was collected and carefully
arranged by them, and attracted much attention in the
Medicine and Surgery Section of the Exhibition, the
School being awarded a Diploma for the Grand Prize by the
Exhibition Committee.
During this year, Mr. Rankin was appointed on the
Committee and Dr. C. Macalister replaced Prof. W. Carter,
as representative of the Southern Hospital.
On 24th May, it was announced that Sir Edward
Durning- Lawrence had given £500 for ' cold-air treatment '
of tropical diseases, and had promised another £500, if
necessary. All arrangements for conducting the experi-
ments were left in the hands of Major Ross.
On 22nd April, Dr. Nierenstein resigned his post of
Research Demonstrator.
On May 24th, Dr. Warrington Yorke was appointed
Research Assistant at the Runcorn Laboratory.
On June ist, Dr. Kinghorn tendered his resignation,
and Dr. Barratt also left the School at this time, but was
subsequently appointed Honorary Lecturer.
22nd Expedition The 22nd Expedition, consisting of
Sir Rubert Boyce, was dispatched to the
West Indies in March to initiate a campaign against
mosquitoes at the request of the Colonial Office. As
a result of this visit, he produced a book, entitled Mosquito
or Man, of which the first edition was rapidly exhausted,
and a second issued.
On October ist, Dr. A. Breinl resigned his position as
Director of the Runcorn Research Laboratory to take
up the position of Director of the newly-formed Institute
of Tropical Medicine, in Queensland, Australia.
U-l
>
IMHB^
H
<
Ct
O
T.
UJ
^
S
d
O
<i-
u
,^*-..
J ^
iS
41
Dr. Warrington Yorke was appointed Director of the
Runcorn Laboratory.
23rd Expedition The 23rd Expedition, consisting of
Dr. J. W. W. Stephens, was dispatched
to Egypt, in November, to study helminthology.
Death of Sir
Alfred Jones
1909
Dr. Yorke
appointed
Director
On 13th December, Sir Alfred Jones,
K.C.M.G., the founder of the School,
died. At a special meeting of the Committee and staff
of the School, on December 15th, the following resolution
was passed : —
' That the Committee and Staff of the Liverpool School of
Tropical Medicine desire to place on record their inexpressible
sorrow at the death of their founder, chairman, and well-beloved
colleague. Sir Alfred Jones. His loss will be felt nowhere so keenly
as in those homes in England where a father or a son is facing in
the tropics the greatest risk of life in the service of country and
Empire. The foundation of the Liverpool School of Tropical
Medicine will be handed down as not the least of the many noble
achievements of a great man.'
On January 24th, Mr. W. H. Lever was appointed
Chairman of the School in succession to the late Sir Alfred
Jones, K.C.M.G.
In May, Viscount Milner, Lord Pirrie, Sir Owen
Philipps, and Mr. O. Harrison Williams were elected Vice-
Presidents of the School.
24th Expedition The 24th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Mr. R. Newstead, was
dispatched to Malta on June 25th, to conduct investigations
on sandflies.
25th Expedition The 25 th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Sir Rubert Boyce, was
dispatched to West Africa in June, at the request of the
Colonial Office, to report on yellow fever at Sierra Leone
and on the Gold Coast.
1910
Mr. W.H. Lever
appointed
Cliairman
New Vice-
Presidents
42
igio
Visit of tlie
Society of
Tropical
Medicine
Assistant
Lecturer in
Entomology
Portrait of
Sir Alfred
Jones
Japan-British
Exhibition
Government
grant
Mary Kingsley
Medallists
Gift from the
Institute of
Commercial
Research in
the Tropics
26th Expedition The 26th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Dr. Wolferstan Thomas,
who had returned from Manaos in March, 1909, was
dispatched to the Amazon in May to continue the study of
yellow fever and other diseases.
The Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene held
their Annual Meeting at Liverpool, on 25th June, when
the Chairman of the School entertained the members to
a banquet.
In June, Mr. Henry F. Carter was appointed Assistant
Lecturer in Entomology.
The Chairman of the School presented to the Com-
mittee a portrait of the late Sir Alfred Jones, painted by
Mr. Tennyson Cole, which now hangs in the laboratory.
The School was invited to send an exhibit to the Japan-
British Exhibition in London. The invitation was accepted,
and the exhibits prepared by Dr. Stephens and Mr.
Newstead were awarded a commemorative Diploma.
In addition to the annual grant of £1,000, an additional
grant of £900 was made by the Government for special
researches in malaria fever.
The following awards were made during the year : —
Honorary recipients : Prince Auguste d'Arenberg, Mrs.
Pinnock, Mr. Wilham Adamson, Professor William Carter.
Recipients : Sir William MacGregor, G.C.M.G., Professor R.
Blanchard, Dr. A. Breinl, Professor Angelo Celli, Dr. C. W.
Daniels, Surgeon-General Sir Alfred Keogh, Colonel W. G.
King, Professor Dr. Nocht, Professor G. "H. F. Nuttall,
Major Leonard Rogers, Professor J. L. Todd, Surgeon-
General Walter Wyman. The Chairman on 25th June,
gave a banquet to the recipients of the medal.
The Liverpool University Institute of Commercial
Research in the Tropics went into hquidation during the
year, and the liquidator, Mr. T. F. Harrison, transferred
LORD LE\ERHULME
Tojacc p. 42
43
to the School the premises rented by the Institute at
5, Bedford Street, together with all the apparatus and
furnishings therein, and the balance of the funds belonging
to the Institute. The services of Mr. E. S. Edie, late
Director of the Institute, were retained by the School, as
chemist.
During the past four or five years, the
1910
1911
Dutton
Memorial
Chair School had gradually collected the sum of
;^io,ooo for the foundation of a Chair of
Tropical Entomology, in memory of the late J. Everett
Dutton. On December 12th, it was resolved to pay over
this sum to the University of Liverpool, and to guarantee
an annual grant of £100 for five years towards the Chair
on its foundation.
On 4th January, Dr. John Gordon Thomson was
appointed Research Assistant in Cryotherapy, Dr. G. C. E.
Simpson, Research Assistant in Chemistry, and Mr. W. R.
Drawz, Librarian.
On February 8th, Mr. H. B. Fantham was appointed
as Research Worker on Parasitology.
In April, Dr. R. W. Nauss was appointed Research
Assistant at the Runcorn Laboratories.
In September, Mr. Walter Stott was appointed as ^r. w. stott
Honorary Statistician to the School.
Dr. David Thomson was appointed Research Assistant ^^- ^- Thomson
in Malaria.
27th Expedition The 27th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Professor J. L. Todd and
Professor S. B. Wolbach, was dispatched to the Gambia
to investigate sleeping sickness, in January.
Establishment On March 13th, Sir Rubert Bovce stated
of Yellow -^
Fever Bureau that he had succeeded in raising funds for
the establishment of a Yellow Fever
Bureau in the School, and submitted a statement explaining
Dr. J. G.
Thomson
Dr. Simpson
and Mr. Drawz
Dr. Fantham
Dr. B. W. Nauss
44
iQii its objects and workings. It was accordingly resolved to
establish such a Bureau, with Dr. Harald Seidelin as
Director, at ;^300 per annum. The publication of the
Bureau, The Yellow Fever Bulletin, was first issued in
May.
°". , Mr. R. Newstead was unanimously elected to the
'' Dutton Memorial Chair of Entomology in April.
In April, Dr. Blacklock was appointed Research
Assistant at Runcorn in succession to Dr. Nauss.
On 29th May, Dr. H. B. Fantham was appointed
Assistant Lecturer in Parasitology.
Death of Sir
Hubert Eoyce
The death of Professor Rubert Boyce,
Dean of the School, occurred on June i6th.
On June 19th, the following resolution was passed : —
' The Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
desire to place on record their heart-felt sorrow at the irreparable
loss that the School have sustained by the unexpected and premature
death of Sir Rubert Boyce. The School recognise that his early
death is due to his unflinching devotion to duty in the
face of the severest physical disabilities, and to overtaxing his
strength in the cause of humanity. They feel that where they
have lost a personal friend and a loyal colleague, the Empire and
the World at large have lost a far-seeing scientist whom it will be
difHcult to replace. The School feel that their sorrow is shared
by all, and especially by those whose work lies in unhealthy tropical
regions.'
In June, Mr. W. H. Lever, Chairman of the School,
was created a Baronet.
The death of Mr. Adamson, first Vice-Chairman of the
School, having taken place, on 9th October, the following
resolution was passed : —
' The Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
desire to place on record an expression of their high appreciation
of the valuable work that the late Mr. WiUiam Adamson accom-
plished in his capacity as Vice-Chairman of the School. They
especially appreciate the whole-hearted and self-sacrificing manner
in which Mr. Adamson devoted his life to the alleviation of suffering.
They trust that his widow and family will derive consolation from
the knowledge of the good work he performed in his life-time.'
THE RLBEUT BOYCE MEMORIAL
To J ace p. 44.
45
The School was requested to send an exhibit to this 191 1
Exhibition. It was decided to accede to this request, fn?enutionai
and Dr. Stephens and Professor Newstead arranged an Exhibition
exhibit which gained a Diploma of Merit,
In June, leave of absence was granted to Professor sickness
Newstead to join the Royal Society Sleeping Sickness fheTJyar"'
Commission in Nyasaland.
On July 20th, leave of absence was granted to
Dr. Warrington Yorke to join the Sleeping Sickness
Commission of the British South Africa Company to
North-Eastern Rhodesia. Dr. Blacklock was appointed
Acting-Director of the Runcorn Laboratories during
Dr. Yorke's absence.
Society
28th Expedition The 28th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Dr. Harald Seidelin, was
dispatched to Yucatan to study yellow fever, in December.
Dr. David Thomson was appointed Clinical Patho-
logical Assistant.
On July 22nd, the Chairman of the School entertained
the members of the Tropical Section of the British Medical
Association to a dinner.
1912
Visit of British
Medical
Association to
Liverpool
29th Expedition The 29th Expedition of the School,
consisting of Dr. David Thomson, was
dispatched in September to Panama, to study malaria.
On October r4th, a letter was received from Sir Ronald Resignation ot
Major Ross
Ross resigning his appointment as Alfred Jones Professor
of Tropical Medicine.
An Unendowed Chair of Tropical Sanitation having Professorship
^ ° of Tropical
been estabhshed by the University at the request of the sanitation
School, Sir Ronald Ross was appointed to the post for a
Lerm of five years. On October 21st, it was resolved,
subject to the approval of the University, that the School
46
1912
Government
grant
retain the services of Sir Ronald Ross, as Lecturer, at a
remuneration of £400 per annum for a period of five years.
The School again received a grant of ;£ 1,000 from the
Colonial Office, and an additional grant of £200 for chemical
researches.
First
Representative
of Colonial
OfiBce on
Committee
I913
Sir Ronald
Ross' visit to
Cyprus
Gift from the
estate of the
late Sir Alfred
Jones
30th Expedition The 30th Expedition, consisting of Dr. H.
Seidehn, was dispatched to Jamaica, in
December, to study vomiting sickness and other obscure
tropical diseases.
In this year, Mr. H. J. Read, C.M.G. was appointed to
represent the Colonial Office on the Committee.
Professor Newstead was awarded a Diploma of Honour
and Gold Medal at the Royal International Horticultural
Exhibition, London, 1912, for a collection of scale insects
{Coccidee).
At the request of the Colonial Office, Sir Ronald Ross
visited Cyprus in January-April, to advise on the question
of malaria.
On 13th January, a statement was received from
Mr. O. Harrison Williams, the executor of the late Sir Alfred
Jones, regarding the allocation of a large sum of money
to the School : —
Sir Alfred Lewis Jones, Deceased
Interim Charitable Scheme
I. The sum of ^30,000 shall be paid to the Incorporated
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (hereinafter referred to as
' the said Association ') and a further sum of ^40,000 shall be paid
to the said Association out of the moneys appropriated to answer
the annuities payable out of the Testator's Estate (hereinafter
called ' the annuity fund ') as and when the same shall cease to be
appHcable to the payment of the said annuities or at such earlier
date and from such other source as the Trustees or Trustee for the
time being of the Will of the said Testator shall think fit. Any
moneys paid to the said Association out of the Residuary Estate
of the above-named Testator under this Clause shall form a fund
5i:..
^"^'''*^^"'i '"^^T^^l
^.^^.,.}mi. 's^-Zr^^m^^^^-^"^- w&
EHRENU^KUNDE for fo.DE„uNa de.
IMrEI^MAIIOMALLN I JVairMF" AU.SSTELL(jrfG OlVESDEN IQII
To face p. 46. 2
47
to be called ' The Sir Alfred Lewis Jones Bequest ' and shall be 1913
applied at the discretion of the Committee of the said Association : —
(i) As to part thereof (not exceeding ^5,000) in defraying
the cost of the erection of a new wing or ward at
the Liverpool Royal Infirmary for the reception of
persons suffering from Tropical Diseases such wing
or ward to be called ' The Sir Alfred Lewis Jones
Tropical Ward,'
(2) As to part thereof not exceeding ^20,000 in the erection
of new premises in Liverpool to be used for the
furtherance of the study of Tropical Medicine and
to be permanently associated with the name of the
said testator.
(3) As to the residue thereof as a permanent endowment
for the general purposes of the said Association.
2, The further sum of ^^10,000 shall be paid to the said
Association for the purpose of being appHed at the discretion of
the Committee of the said Association in or towards the erection
and equipment of a Laboratory in the Colony of Sierra Leone,
West Africa, to be called ' The Sir Alfred Lewis Jones Tropical
Laboratory ' to be used for research study and instruction in
connection with the origin character alleviation prevention and
cure of tropical diseases such Laboratory to be vested in and under
the control of the said Association.
If it shall be impracticable or inexpedient to erect the said
laboratory in the said Colony the said sum of ^10,000 shall on or
before the 25th day of March, 1916, be re-paid to the Plaintiff or
other the Trustees or Trustee for the time being of the Will of the
above-named Testator with the intermediate income thereof and
shall sink into his residuary estate.
New Buildings Arrangements were made with the Univer-
of the School— r t •
The Sir Alfred sity of Liverpool to acqmre a site in
Laborato?y^ Pembroke Place for a new building for
the purpose of the School, the cost of the
building to be defrayed out of the above funds. Plans
which had been prepared, were approved.
?w^ J^t"?!*^*' Arrangements were made with the Royal
Wara — The •'
Sir Alfred Lewis Infirmary for the erection of a new tropical
Jones Tropical j ■ j.u t n , ,
Ward ward m the Infirmary grounds, the cost to
be defrayed out of the above funds. Plans
were submitted and approved.
48
1013 Walter Myers On 13th January, the School offered to
Chair of ^ ^ j
Parasitology found a Chair of Parasitology, for five
years to commence with, at the University
of Liverpool, in memory of the late Dr. Walter Myers.
The offer was accepted by the University on 30th January.
On loth February, a letter was received from the
University, stating that Dr. J. W. W. Stephens had been
appointed to the Alfred Jones Chair of Tropical Medicine.
On April 21st, a letter was received from Sir William H.
Lever, Bart., stating that he was obliged to resign his office
of Chairman of the School, owing to the many calls on his
time and his frequent absences abroad. It was resolved
that :—
' The Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
have received with the greatest regret the notification from their
Chairman, Sir W. H. Lever, Bart., that it is his desire to be relieved
from the office of Chairman, owning to the many calls upon his
time, and in accepting his resignation they wish to place on record
their great appreciation of the capable manner in which Sir William,
during his period of office, has conducted the affairs of the School ;
of his generous financial assistance readily given on all occasions,
and of the unfailing courtesy he has always shown to his colleagues
in the School.'
It was further resolved that : —
' Sir William Lever be asked to accept the position of
Honorary Vice-President of the School.'
On May 5th, Mr. F. C. Danson, who had been a member
of the Committee since 1901 and Vice-Chairman for the
last six years, was unanimously elected Chairman of the
School, and Dr. Caton, who had represented the Council
of the University on the Committee since 1902, was
appointed Vice-Chairman.
In addition to Sir WiUiam Lever, Bart., who has
already been mentioned, Sir Edward Durning-Lawrence,
Bart., accepted the invitation to become Honorary Vice-
President of the School.
Sir FRANCIS C. DANSON
To face p. 48.
49
Sleeping In June, Professor Newstead was appointed 1913
SlcRri6SS
Committee a member of the Inter-Departmental Com-
mittee on Sleeping vSickness appointed by the
Secretary of State for the Colonies.
At the request of the Colonial Office, the School Ghent
^ Exhibition
undertook to send a tropical exhibit* to the International
Exhibition at Ghent, in 1913. This comprised four cases,
illustrating Malaria, Sleeping Sickness, Yellow Fever, and
Ankylostomiasis, The diseases were illustrated by the
exhibits in the cases, and by means of a unique series of
large photographs placed on screens. The Tropical Section
of the English Pavilion was largely visited by the pubhc,
and in a letter, dated February 4th, 1914, the Board of
Trade expressed their appreciation of the great value of
the exhibit and a Diploma was awarded to the School.
31st Expedition The 31st Expedition of the School,
consisting of Dr. H. B. Fantham, was
dispatched to Khartoum, in July, to study diseases prevalent
there.
On luly 2nd, Dr. Harald Seideiin sailed for West JeiiowjFever
♦^ -' Commission
Africa, by request of the Colonial OfQce, to assist in the
investigation of yellow fever and other non-malarial fevers.
On September 8th, Dr. David Thomson resigned his
appointment in the School in order to take up a Grocers'
Scholarship.
On 24th September, it was agreed that Dr. Prout be ^^'g^"^^
appointed Lecturer on Tropical Sanitation to the School, Trop"cai'°
at a salary of £100 per annum, commencing on January ist,
1914.
^ ^ Dr. Yorlce
On loth December, Dr. Warrington Yorke was appointed to
° Walter Myers
appointed to the newly endowed Chair of Parasitology. para^u'iogy.
During the year, the Mary Kingsley Medal was awarded Award of Mary
to Professor Fred. V. Theobald, in recognition of his ^edai
researches in Entomology.
* Prepared by Professors Newstead and Stephens.
50
1914
Further Bequest
from
Sir Alfred Jones
Estate.
Dr. Blacklock
appointed
Director of
Runcorn
Laboratory.
Grant from the
Board of
Education.
On 9th January, it was agreed to send an assistant to
Dr. Wolferstan Thomas, and Dr. Morrison was accordingly
dispatched to Manaos, but returned to this country within
a few months.
On 9th February, it was reported that Mr. 0. Harrison
Williams, executor of the late Sir Alfred Jones, would,
under the provisions of the interim charitable scheme,
and the approval of the court, pay to the School another
sum of ;^40,ooo.
Sir Edward Merewether, K.C.V.O., Governor of Sierra
Leone, was elected Honorary Vice-President.
On March 6th, Dr. B. Blacklock was appointed Director
of the Runcorn Research Laboratory in succession to
Dr. Yorke.
In April, a grant of ;fi5o which was allocated for
teaching purposes, was received from the Board of Educa-
tion.
On April 27th, it was announced that the special funds
collected for the Yellow Fever Bureau would be exhausted
at the end of the year, and consequently, the Professional
Sub-Committee was requested to report on the future
organisation of the Bureau.
On June 15th, it was resolved that : —
' The Committee, having been informed that the special
fund for the maintenance of the Yellow Fever Bureau wall be
exhausted at the end of December next, recommend that : —
(i) From that date the Yellow Fever Bureau and
Bulletin, and the posts associated vwth their work,
be discontinued.
(2) Work in the subject of Yellow Fever be organised
and carried on by research or expeditions, under
the control of the School, if special funds can be
raised for the purpose.
(3) The necessary publications dealing with Yellow Fever
should be included in the " Annals " of the School,
or as a supplement thereto.'
RICHARD CATON, C.B.E.
'J (J J ace p. 50.
51
On 27th April, a resolution of condolence was sent 1914
to the relatives of the late Sir Edwin Burning- Lawrence, sirE*! Durning-
a benefactor of the School. ^^""'"='-
In May, Professor Ross and Professor Stephens repre-
sented the School at the official opening of the new Institut
fiir Schiffs und Tropenkrankheiten in Hamburg,
On the death of the Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain Death of
^ ^ Rt. Hon. Joseph
the following resolution was passed at a meeting held on Chamberlain.
July 13th :—
' The Committee of the Liverpool School of Tropical
Medicine beg to tender their deepest sympathy to Mrs. Chamberlain
and the other members of the family, in their recent great bereave-
ment, and desire to place on record their deep appreciation of the
work of the late Mr. Chamberlain, and gratefully to acknowledge
the important services which he rendered with such far-reaching
and beneficial results in the improvement of the health conditions
in the Tropics. They further feel that by his death, the Liverpool
School of Tropical Medicine has lost one, who with the late
Sir Alfred Jones, did so much to promote the work in which it is
engaged.'
The Sir Alfred Lewis Jones Tropical Ward of the Incor- open'^s ?' ,
^ ^ Tropical Ward,
porated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, erected at the P^^^ary.
Royal Infirmary, was opened on 23rd July by the Countess
of Derby, in the presence of many influential citizens. The
provision of the new building saw the fulfilment of one of
the objects which the late Sir Alfred Jones, as founder of
the Liverpool School, had in view, in order that medical
science in the treatment of the dreaded diseases of the
Tropics should be advanced.
The new ward, with its adjoining laboratory for
students, is a one-storied building, the entrance to which
is from the corridor leading to the main staircase. The
ward is 15 feet high, 25 feet wide, and 42 feet long, affording
cubic contents of 1,575 feet to each of the ten beds. The
laboratory, 40 feet by 20 feet, is placed on the north side,
thus giving a suitable light for microscopical work, and
provides accommodation for about 50 students. There is
52
1914 a small serving-room between it and the ward. All the
internal walls are faced with glazed bricks of quiet colour,
with covered angles at floor and ceiling, and the ward is
floored in oak blocks, the other paving being in terazzo, in
keeping with the rest of the hospital. The outer walls
are of rustic brick, with terra cotta dressings, in harmony
with the main building. The heating is by low-pressure
steam, with fresh-air inlets and hopper-topped windows
for ventilation. There is electric lighting throughout.
Mr. F. C. Danson (Chairman of the School), presided
at the opening ceremony, and amongst others present
were The Right Honourable The Earl of Derby, K.G.,
G.C.V.O., the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress of Liverpool,
Sir Thomas Barlow, Bart., K.C.V.O., Sir Ronald Ross,
K.C.B., Sir William Lever, Bart., Sir W. B. Bowring, Bart.,
Sir Charles Petrie, Sir W. Scott Barrett, Sir Alfred Dale
(Vice-Chancellor of the University), Messrs. H. Wade
Deacon and Holford Harrison (Chairman and Treasurer of
the Royal Infirmary), Professor Caton (Vice-Chairman of
the School), Mr. O. Harrison Williams (Vice-President of
the School), and all the members of the staff of the School.
The Chairman said the new ward represented an important
development in the work of the Tropical School, and it also involved
some little change in their work. When the School was first started,
fifteen or sixteen years ago, it at once became apparent that they
could not do really satisfactory work without giving their teachers
and students an opportunity of studying tropical diseases at the
bedside.
That diflliculty was overcome by the generous and spontaneous
assistance of their good friends at the Royal Southern Hospital,
who placed a ward aside for the treatment of tropical diseases,
and gave the students every possible assistance in the study of them.
He was very pleased to take that opportunity of acknowledging
the indebtedness of the School to the Southern Hospital for the
assistance they then rendered, and had continued to render up to
the present time.
The work of the School, however, expanded so rapidly that,
several years ago, it would be within the recollection of the Meeting,
the then Chairman of the School (the late Sir Alfred Jones)
• w '•» V w w'v w w w w y w ^ r-y y y - y y ly yTHy -1^ ^ y
-^i;^^
/Vi^
'V.
•i
\
J
\\
/
GENT. ., .,.,,,.,. GAND
ORANUr. BRETAONE
DIPLOME COMMEMORATIF
Th.- Iivi-tpool <tlin,il of Tmpical M«Jiv
iil
a
►;'■<
V-.
i
i
Jl>-'
J> ^..A A.,,,^,.^ ^■^w^h.A .A. ^
To Jace p. 52.
53
approached the President of the Southern Hospital (the late 1914
Mr. William Adamson) with a view to seeing whether the Hospital
could provide special accommodation for the teaching work, which
was then carried on in the Laboratories of the University. The
authorities of the Southern Hospital received the suggestion with
approval, and the only site in connection with the Hospital, which
it was within their power to grant, was inspected. It was, however,
found to be cjuite inadequate, and the matter, for the time being,
fell through. The clinical work of the School continued to be carried
on at the special ward provided by the Southern Hospital, and the
teaching and research work, as before, at the University.
As time went on, however, it became imperative to increase
the teaching and research accommodation. This need was now
to be met by the erection, in Pembroke Place, of the new buildings
of the School, in memory of its founder, Sir Alfred Jones. In
view of the close proximity of the Infirmary, it became obvious
that the Tropical Ward of the School would have to be located
in that Hospital, and the Executor of the estate of Sir Alfred Jones
provided the necessary funds for building such a ward.
They opened negotiations with the Royal Infirmary, and that
ward was the result. He trusted that the new ward, which in its
equipment embodied the best modern ideas, would thoroughly
fulfil all those objects which they had in view. As a teaching
institution it would be of the utmost value, and he trusted it might
also prove a source of relief to those suffering ones who might come
there as patients. He wished it every possible success, and trusted
it would be a source of strength also to the Infirmary. His only
regret was that this step unavoidably severed, to some extent,
their connection with their good friends at the Southern Hospital,
but they would be for ever grateful for the invaluable assistance
rendered to them by that Institution during their early struggles.
The Countess of Derby said she had great pleasure
in declaring the ward open, and wished it every success.
Mr. Danson in formally requesting the Chairman of the
Royal Infirmary to accept the new building from the
Committee of the School, asked that it be administered
according to the agreement between the two bodies.
Mr. H, Wade Deacon said he had great pleasure on
behalf of the Infirmary in accepting the new ward. He
believed it would bring renown to the Royal Infirmary,
success to the men studying there, and relief to the patients
who might come to it.
54
1914 Sir Thomas Barlow proposed a vote of thanks to the
Countess of Derby. He said in years to come the Countess
would be glad and proud to have taken that important
part in a new step towards advancing the prosperity of
that School, the Hospital, and the University.
The vote of thanks was heartily carried.
The Earl of Derby, replying on behalf of the Countess,
remarked that Liverpool and its Tropical School had set
an example to the whole world, and he was very glad to know
that they were in every way prepared to be up to date, as
was shown by the new ward. He had no doubt that
science would be greatly advanced, thanks to the Founder
of the School, who had given that ward to the Royal
Infirmary.
The Lord Mayor believed that the commercial men of
Liverpool would feel intense satisfaction that the work of
the School would be carried on under, perhaps, even better
conditions than in the past.
Sir Thomas Barlow, Bart., K.C.V.O., and other guests
were subsequently entertained to luncheon, by the Chairman
of the School, at the Adelphi Hotel,
DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST GERMANY,
AUGUST 4th.
Professor
Stephens
appointed
Hon. Physician
to the Ward.
Professor J. W. W. Stephens was appointed Hon.
Physician to the Tropical Ward in October, and, on 9th
November, Dr. Prout was appointed Assistant to the
Physician.
In October, Mr. W. Drawz, the librarian, was advised
that it was not permissible to retain his services in any
capacity at the School, as he was an enemy alien, and it
was resolved that his connection with the School must
cease immediately.
55
Runcorn On November qth, Professor Yorke 1014
Laboratory ....
closed reported that in view of the fact that
Dr. Blacklock and he were shortly
proceeding to Sierra Leone, and of the impossibihty of
obtaining the services of anyone to take charge owing to
the present emergency, the Runcorn Research Laboratory
had been closed and arrangements made with Messrs.
Evans and Webb to take over the School's liability with
respect to the premises.
This laboratory, which has been already mentioned,
was established in September, 1904, and played no small
part in the success achieved by the School in the fields of
scientific research during its ten years existence. It was
established to enable experimental work on trypanoso-
miasis to be carried on and it was this subject which
mainly occupied the energies of the staff throughout its
existence. In view of the fact that many important
reports on sleeping sickness and the trypanosomiases of
domestic animals have emanated from the Runcorn
Research Laboratory, the name at least is familiar to most
of those interested in tropical medicine, and it is therefore
appropriate to give here a brief description of the
laboratory as it really was.
The building consisted of two small-roomed cottages
which were made to communicate by cutting a doorway
through the dividing wall.
The two lower rooms of one of the cottages were used
by Dr. Nierenstein as a chemical laboratory. The front
lower room of the other cottage was used as an incubator
room, and the back lower room, together with a shed,
constructed by roofing the yard, served as the animal
houses. The upper front rooms served as the general
laboratory. An upper room of a third cottage was
ultimately taken in by knocking a hole through the wall
56
1914 and building up the legitimate doorway. This was the
artist's room where Miss Brookfield v/orked from 1906-1914.
As these cottages only communicated on the upper floor,
communication between the lower rooms could be effected
only via the street or by the more circuitous route up and
down two flights of rickety stairs.
The animal house was heated by a coke stove and the
laboratory by small coal fires. The place was lighted by
gas, and the power for the centrifuge was obtained from
a gas engine. It was not until 1913 that electric current
was introduced and a telephone installed. Such were the
' new and more favourable conditions ' duly noted in the
Annual Report of the School for 1906.
Although the accommodation was crude and in many
respects inadequate, yet the equipment of scientific
apparatus was very complete, and enabled those working
at the laboratory to take full advantage of the splendid
material at their disposal.
32nd Expedition The 32nd Expedition of the School,
consisting of Professor Yorke and Dr.
Blacklock and a laboratory assistant, was dispatched to
Sierra Leone to study sleeping sickness in the Colony and
at the same time to report on a suitable site for the proposed
laboratory of the School.
Proposed With a view to carrying on research work
Laboratory of
the School at in various branches of Tropical Medicine,
sierra eone ^^^q School desired to establish a permanent
Laboratory on the West Coast of Africa. The
Executor of the estate of the late Sir Alfred Jones had
allocated a sum of money for the erection of such a
Laboratory, and the Colony of Sierra Leone had been
selected. This colony possesses special advantages for
such work, as there is ample material for the study of
57
Tropical Diseases, and, being one of the nearest Tropical 19 14
African Colonies to England, is accessible more rapidly and
cheaply than any other suitable place in the Tropics.
It was proposed that the Laboratory should be under
the immediate direction of an expert in Tropical Diseases,
a member of the Staff of the School, who would divide
his time between research work on the Coast, and teaching
and research work at Liverpool. Arrangements would
also be made for other members of the Staff of the School
to undertake research work at the Laboratory.
The activities of the School during this and succeeding war work,
years were mainly devoted to War work. The following
members of the staff were on active service overseas
during 1915 : —
Lieut. -Col. Sir Ronald Ross, K.C.B., at Alexandria.
Professor Robert Newstead, F.R.S., Insect
Prophylaxis in France and Flanders.
Lieut.-Col. W. T, Prout, C.M.G., at Cairo.
Captain Warrington Yorke, at Malta.
Lieut. B. Blacklock, at the Dardanelles.
New Laboratory On March loth, the following letter was 1015
disposal of the sent by the Chairman to the mihtary
War Office ., ...
authorities : —
* Colonel Coates,
' " Ingleside,"
' Whalley Range, Manchester,
loth March, 1915.
' Dear Sir,
' Wlien the War started, the Liverpool School of Tropical
Medicine offered their New Ward in the Royal Infirmary of
Liverpool for the treatment of emergency cases of wounded
soldiers, which offer was no doubt transmitted to the War Office
by the Authorities of the Royal Infirmary at the time.
' I now learn that additional accommodation for wounded
soldiers in Liverpool is required, and, as Chairman of the School
of Tropical Medicine, I have much pleasure in placing at the
disposal of the War Office the new premises of the School, now
58 ■
1915 rapidly approaching completion. The Committee of the School,
before whom I placed this proposal, unanimously agreed to the
suggestion,
' I have given instructions for the architect to prepare plans
of the accommodation in the new buildings, which I hope to be
able to forward to you to-morrow.
' The School will be glad to do what they can, if this offer is
accepted, to accelerate the completion of the buildings, including
heating and lighting.
' I am only in a position to offer the buildings, not the necessary
equipment for patients. The proximity of the Royal Infirmary to
the new buildings will no doubt be of much advantage.
' I am, etc.,
' (Signed) F, C. Danson,
' Chairman.'
The following reply was received : —
' " Ingleside,"
' Whalley Range, Manchester,
' 22nd March, 1915.
' From Colonel William Coates,
' A.D.M.S., Western Command,
' To the Chairman,
' Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine,
' Liverpool.
'Sir,
' I am directed by the Army Council to inform you that it
has been decided to accept your splendid offer of the Liverpool
School of Tropical Medicine for the purpose of a military hospital,
and to thank you again for your most generous offer.
' I propose to place the details concerning the necessary
alterations to this building for hospital purposes in the hands of
the Ofhcer-in-Charge of the 1st Western General Hospital, under
my direction. I have, therefore, ordered him to place himself
in communication with you, so that any structural alterations
that may be required may be undertaken by the Contractor for
the Building, the cost to be borne by the War Office.
' I have every reason to hope that this great kindness on your
part and that of your Committee will prove of the greatest service
in this great national emergency.
' I am, etc.,
' (Signed) William Coates,
' Colonel,
' A.D.M.S., Western Command,
For D.D.M.S., Western Command '
L
FRONTAGE OF THIRD LABORATORY OF SCHOOL
To face p. 58.
59
Tropical School The Tropical School Auxihary Military 1915
Military Hospital Hospital, consisting of about 200 beds,
was accordingly opened in September, and
was devoted solely to the treatment of patients
suffering from tropical diseases, mainly malaria
and dysentery. The Hospital was put in the charge of
Professor Stephens, with the assistance of Capt. Llewellyn
Morgan, R.A.M.C.
The Sir Alfred Professor Yorke and Dr. Blacklock, who
Lewis fJODBS
Tropical returned from Sierra Leone in April, recom-
Laboratory mended that the School should communicate
with the Colonial Ofhce, concerning the site on Tower
Hill, Freetown, which they had inspected and which they
considered most suitable for the proposed laboratory.
This site was in the possession of the War Office, but the
General Officer Commanding had informed them that he
would recommend the Army Council to lease the site to
the School. On September 13th, a letter was received
from the Colonial Office, stating that the Army Council
was prepared to surrender this site to the Colonial Govern-
ment, and that it was presumed that the Colonial Govern-
ment would be willing to allot the land to the School for
the purpose of erecting a laboratory thereon.
As further funds for the Yellow Fever Bureau were
not forthcoming, and the money collected had now been
expended, it was resolved on loth May to terminate the
Bureau.
On April 5th, Miss Doris L. Mackinnon, seconded by the
War Office, Mr. J. R. Matthews, Lecturer on Botany in
the Birkbeck College, and Mr. A. Mahns Smith, Lecturer on
Botany in Glasgow, the two latter recommended by the
Royal Society, were appointed to assist in dysentery
research. Mr. H. F. Carter, Lecturer in Entomology, was
Yellow Fever
Bureau
terminates
I916
Appointments
of Special
Assistants (or
Dysentery
Research
6o
1916
Appointment of
Librarian
Royal Society
Grain Pests
(War)
Committee
also engaged in this work, through the courtesy of the
Professor of Entomology.
In June, Dr. H. B. Fantham, who held the posts of
Lecturer in Parasitology and Editorial Secretary to the
Annals of Tropical Medicine, resigned his position to take
up an appointment to a Chair in University College,
Johannesburg, South Africa. Mrs. Fantham, who had been
employed by the School for a few months to assist in
dysentery research, left at the same time.
In September, Miss Dorothy Allmand was appointed
to the Librarianship, vacated by Mr. W. Drawz in 1914.
In September, Professor Yorke and Dr. Blacklock,
who had held temporary commissions in the R.A.M.C,
returned to their duties at the School.
The Royal Society, representing a Government
Department, appointed a Committee to deal with the
damage caused to grain by insects and acari, during transit
and in store. One of the two centres of investigation was
established in Liverpool University, under the direction of
the Professor of Entomology.
1917
Appointment
of Special
Assistants for
Malaria
Research
Research on In January, a request was received from
Sir Alfred Keogh, D.G.M.S., through Sir David
Bruce, that the School should undertake special research
into the treatment of malaria.
On January 8th, Mr. C. Forster Cooper, Curator of
the Zoological Museum, Cambridge, was engaged to take
part in malaria research.
In February, Sir Ronald Ross and Professor Stephens
were appointed Consultants on Malaria by the War Office,
with the rank of Lt.-Col., R.A.M.C. Professor Stephens
was in charge of the Western, Northern, and Scottish
Commands, and Sir Ronald Ross of the Southern and
Eastern Commands.
ENTRANCE HALL
'Jo j ace p. 60.
6i
In March, the services of Dr. J. W. S. Macfie, who had
been working in a voluntary capacity in the School since
November, 1916, were placed at the disposal of the School
by the Colonial Office for special work connected with the
investigation of malaria.
In March also, owing to the large influx of malaria
cases into this country, it was found that the accommodation
at the Tropical School Hospital was insufficient, and special
malaria wards containing about 300 beds, were set aside
at Belmont Road Auxiliary Military Hospital ; Dr.
Blacklock was appointed Physician-in-Charge.
In May, Miss Mackinnon left the School to continue
dysentery research under the War Office at Southampton.
During the summer, three courses of practical instruc-
tion in tropical parasitology, each lasting a fortnight,
were given gratuitously by the staff of the School to
about seventy officers of the R.A.M.C, stationed at
Blackpool.
In September, Miss Brown was appointed an Assistant
to the Professor of Entomology.
On 8th October, Mr. A. H. Milne, C.M.G., who had
been Secretary to the School almost from its inception,
resigned his position owing to ill-health. The Chairman
sent Mr. Milne a letter, expressing deep appreciation of the
services he had always rendered to the School.
On October 22nd, it was resolved that : —
' The term of five years for which Sir Ronald Ross, K.C.B.,
F.R.S., was appointed to the Chair of Tropical Sanitation in the
University of Liverpool having expired, the Committee of the
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine desire to place on record
their high appreciation of the great and valuable services by
Sir Ronald Ross to the School since its formation to the present
time, and further, to express their very sincere regret at the
severance of their old friend and colleague from the School as a
member of the staff.'
1917
Belmont Road
Auxiliary
Military
Hospital
Instruction of
R.A.M.C.
Ofllcers
Miss M. Brown
Resignation of
Secretary
Retirement of
Sir Ronald Ross
On 22nd December, Professor Stephens was appointed
62
I9I7
Mary Klngsley
Medal
Mr. H. Wade
Deacon
I918
Death of
Mr. Milne
Appointment of
Assistant
Lecturer on
Entomology
Resignation of
Miss Duvall
Appointment of
Mr. H. M.
Morris
I919
Dr. Adami
a member of the Tropical Diseases Advisory Committee
by the Secretary of State for the Colonies.
During the year the Mary Kingsley Medal was awarded
to Dr. Griffith Evans, late Inspector and Veterinary
Surgeon, Government of India, in recognition of his
researches into surra and other tropical veterinary diseases.
During this year Mr. Wade Deacon was elected a
member of the Committee as a representative of the Council
of the University.
On 2ist January, Mr. A. H. Milne, who had resigned
the Secretaryship of the School in 1917, owing to ill-health,
died at Paignton from an attack of pneumonia. He was
closely associated for many years with the late Sir Alfred
Jones in all his work connected with the School, and
contributed, in no small degree, to the development of its
efficiency.
On 4th April, Miss Alwen M. Evans was appointed
Assistant Lecturer in Entomology.
In July, Dr. Blacklock having proceeded overseas,
the malaria wards at Belmont Road Auxiliary Military
Hospital were transferred to the charge of Dr. J. W. S.
Macfie.
Miss H. M. Duvall, who had been taking part in the
Royal Society Grain Pests Research, resigned her position,
which was subsequently offered to and accepted by
Mr. H. M. Morris.
On his appointment to the post of Vice-Chancellor
of the University, Dr. Adami became ex officio a member
of the Committee, representing the University.
In March, Mr. J. R. Matthews, who had been engaged
for three years on dysentery research, tendered his resigna-
tion in order to resume his duties at the Birkbeck College,
Mr. Carter also gave up dysentery research, and
returned to his work in the department of Entomology.
63
On 31st March, Miss Nora Murphy, who had acted 1918
for many years as Secretary in the School Laboratories, SSurph/'
resigned her post. The Committee put on record their
great appreciation of Miss Murphy's excellent and devoted
service since joining the School in 1902.
Miss M. Whittle was appointed to the post vacated by ^^jP^m! wwtue
Miss Murphy.
In April, Dr. Blacklock returned from overseas and Appointment of
^ ' Dr. Blacklock
was appointed Lecturer in Parasitology to the School,
the appointment to date from 1914.
In September, Mr. A. Malins Smith resigned his post
as research worker in dysentery, in order to take up an
appointment as Lecturer in Biology at Bradford Technical
College.
During the 3^ear awards were made to Dr. J. W. S.
Macfie, of the West African Medical Service, for his devotion
and distinguished contributions to Science, and to the
Oswald© Cruz Institute in recognition of the scientific work
of the founder, the late Dr. Oswaldo Cruz.
Mary Kingsley
Medallists
Manaos On the arrival of the 15th (Yellow Fever)
Laboratory Expedition at Manaos, in 1905, it was found
necessary, for the work of the Expedition, to
estabhsh a laboratory of a more or less permanent character.
This laboratory remained in being until January, 1909, when,
owing to the return of Dr. Thomas to Liverpool, it was
closed. In June, 1910, Dr. Thomas returned to Manaos
and opened the present laboratory : in addition, a small
private hospital was opened for the use of the foreign firms.
As no bacteriologist was attached to the Santa Casa Hospi-
tal, all pathological work for it was undertaken by the
laboratory, as was also the pathological work of the several
state and municipal authorities. This work was done
gratuitously. In 1914, it was decided to extend the
1919
64
1919
Appointment of
Drs. Burnie,
Gordon and
Young
1920
Gift ol
Dr. and Mrs.
Hamilton Rice
operations of the laboratory, and for this purpose to obtain
the services of additional medical men ; the outbreak of
war, however, caused all developments to be deferred until
1919, when Dr. Thomas visited Liverpool and presented a
memorandum setting forth the direction in which develop-
ments should proceed, and asking for the appointment of
three medical men, and a well-trained laboratory assistant.
Through the generosity of the Booth Steamship Company,
funds were placed at the disposal of the School for this
purpose, and accordingly, Drs. Burnie, Gordon, and Young
were appointed research assistants at the Manaos Labora-
tory.
Dr. Thomas returned to Manaos in 1919, and Dr.
Burnie left in January the following year.
Towards the end of this year Mr. R, Rankin was
appointed Treasurer.
Dr. Young left for Manaos in June, and arrangements
were made for Dr. Gordon to sail in October, 1920.
In April, 1920, Dr. and Mrs. Hamilton Rice made the
magnificent gift to Dr. Thomas of a launch, 45 feet
long by 14 feet broad drawing 20 inches, fitted with kerosene
engines of 32 horse power, capable of steaming 7 knots,
electrically lighted, and mosquito-proofed, to serve as a
floating laboratory. The donors have also generously
undertaken to contribute £2,000 per annum, and to raise
an additional sum of £3,000 per annum towards the cost
of maintenance.
Sierra Leone
Research
Laboratory
Arrangements were completed for a lease
by the War Office to the School of the site
on Tower Hill, Freetown. The site is i^
acres and is leased at a nominal rent of 2/6 annually, for
a period of 20 years with option of renewal. The plans
have been approved ; the building will provide accommoda-
tion for two resident workers, and consist of two floors.
65
The ground floor is the laboratory, the upper floor contains 1920
two bedrooms, a dining room and a kiosk, projecting from
the front verandah over which there is an attic. The
laboratory faces North, and is situated at an elevation of
about 180 feet.
New Laboratory The War Office having vacated the New
of the School ^ , . ^ ,,,.,..
Laboratory m June, 1919, the buildmg
was renovated and re-decorated ; the
furniture was supplied by Messrs. Heywood & Sons,
Manchester. In 1920, the January to April course of
instruction was given in the New Building.
The following is a brief summary of the main features
of the new quarters of the School. They are situated close
to the University and Royal Infirmary. The dimensions
of the building are 162 feet in maximum length by 84 feet
in width. In addition to the basement, in which are
accommodated the Photographic Department and large
storage rooms, there are four floors. The ground floor
has : —
(i) Lecture Theatre, with accommodation for about
seventy students.
(2) Library, 33 feet by 27 feet, furnished in oak, and
with parquet floor.
(3) Museum, a spacious room 80 feet by 69 feet, with
preparation room adjoining.
The first floor has twelve rooms, in which are housed
the departments of Tropical Medicine and Entomology.
The second floor has the main Class Laboratory,
69 feet by 58 feet, excellently lighted, and three other
rooms devoted to the department of Parasitology.
The third floor has a large research laboratory, 37 feet
by 30 feet, and two research rooms.
On the roof is an Insectarium, a mosquito-proofed
house, and other accommodation.
E
66
1920 It will thus be seen that the building is of an ample
character, and will admit of an increase, in the future, of
the staff of research workers.
We here terminate this enumeration of the events of
the first twenty-two years of the School's life. We have
said little of the motives that impelled all those, whose
names we have recorded, to work in establishing and
maintaining the School during this period, but amidst the
difficulties they encountered, a persistent hope of success
has constantly inspired them.
Our record shows that the objects of the far-seeing
founders of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine are
being achieved by the process of development, which the
School is constantly undergoing. A reference to Appendix
III, in which we have given a list, so far as possible com-
plete, of all the works published by members of the staff
from the date of its foundation to the present day, will
give some idea of the scientific achievements of the School.
The record also shows that the School is now preparing
itself for further effort in attacking the many problems in
the sphere of tropical medicine which still await solution.
In the advance of knowledge of tropical diseases, it
has a two-fold function: instruction and research. Without
the latter, the former is of no avail. The School has carried
on this double function for these twenty-two years, and in
so doing has performed a national duty and met in return
with national support. Its future progress is dependent
upon the active sympathy of this City and of the Nation,
and more especially of those whom Destiny binds in diverse
ways to tropical lands.
J. W. W. S.
W. Y.
B. B.
(>1
APPENDIX I
•WHO'S WHO' IN THE
LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE
Adam (E.). Represented Liverpool Chamber of Commerce on Committee,
1 8 99- 1 904.
Adami (John George), C.B.E., M.A., M.D., F.R.S. Vice-Chancellor of Liver-
pool University, 1919-. Member of Committee, 1919-
Adamson (William). President of Royal Southern Hospital. Vice-Chairman
of Committee, 1898-1908.
Alexander (WilUam), M.D., F.R.C.S. Surgeon, Royal Southern Hospital.
Represented Royal Southern Hospital on Committee, 1898-1910.
Allmand (Dorothy). Librarian, 1916-
Alsop (James Willcox), O.B.E., J. P. Member of Committee, 1910-
Annett (Henry Edward), M.D., D.P.H. Demonstrator in Tropical Patho-
logy, 1899-1902. Member of ist Expedition, to West Africa, 1899.
Member of 3rd Expedition, to Nigeria, 1900. Honorary Lecturer, 1905-
1911.
Austen (Ernest Edward) Major, D.S.O. Member of ist Expedition, to West
Africa, 1899.
Barratt (John Oglethorpe Wakelin), M.D., D.Sc. Member of 19th Expedition,
to Nyasaland, 1907. Honorary Lecturer, 1910-1913.
Beattie (James Martin), M.A., M.D. Professor of Bacteriology, University of
Liverpool. Represented Senate of University on Committee, 1913-
Blacklock (Breadalbane), M.D., D.P.H. Research Assistant, Runcorn Research
Laboratory, 1911-1914. Director of Runcorn Laboratory, 1914.
Member of 32nd Expedition, to Sierra Leone, 1914. Lecturer
on Parasitology, 1914- Lt, R.A.M.C, 1915. M.O. i/c malaria
wards, Belmont Rd. Aux. Mihtary Hospital, 1916-1918. Member of
Committee, 1917. Capt., R.A.M.C., 1918-1919. Research on malaria,
1916-1919 [war work].
Blood (Joseph Fitzgerald), M.D., Major, I.M.S. ret. Honorary Lecturer,
1908.
Booth (Charles), Jun. Represented Steamship Owners' Association on Com-
mittee, 1899-1901. Member of Committee, 1901-
BowRiNG (Sir William B.), Bart. Represented Council of University on
Committee, 1903-1916.
BoYCE (Sir Rubert William), M.B., F.R.S. Professor of Pathology, University
of Liverpool, 1894-191 1. Represented Senate of University on Committee,
1898-1911. Dean of the School, 1899-1911. F.R.S., 1902. Member of
13th Expedition, to Bathurst, Conakry, and Freetown, 1904. Member of
i6th Expedition, to New Orleans, and later to Honduras, 1905. Knighted,
1906. Member of 22nd Expedition, to West Indies, 1909. Member of
25th Expedition, to West Africa, 1910. Died June i6th, 191 1.
Breinl (Anton), M.U.Dr. John Garrett International Fellow, 1904-1906.
Member of 15th Expedition, to Manaos, 1905. Invalided home with
yellow fever. Assistant Lecturer, 1905. Director of Runcorn Research
Laboratory, 1907-1909. Director of Institute of Tropical Medicine,
Queensland, 1909— 1920.
Brock-lehurst (George). Member of Committee, 1900-. Honorary Treasurer,
1903-1907.
68
Brookfield (Annie Maud). Secretary to Runcorn Research Laboratory,
1906-1914. Assistant to the Professor of Parasitology, 1916-
Brown (Maude). Assistant to the Professor of Entomology, 1917-
Buckley (Edmund Gladstone). Represented Royal Southern Hospital on
Committee, 1913-
BuRNiE (Robert McColl), M.B., Ch.B. Research Assistant, Manaos Research
Laboratory, 1919-
Carter (Henry Francis). S.E.A.C. Dipl., F.E.S. Assistant Lecturer on
Entomology, 1910-1913. Lecturer on Entomology, 1913-. Dysentery
research, 1916-1917; malaria research, 1917-1919 [war workj.
Carter (Wilham), M.D., F.R.C.P. Physician, Royal Southern Hospital.
Professor of Therapeutics, University College, Liverpool. Represented
Royal Southern Hospital on Committee, 1898-1908. Took an active part
in the establishment of the School.
Caton (Richard), C.B.E., M.D., LL.D., F.R.C.P. Represented Council of
University on Committee, 1902-. Vice-Chairman, 1913-.
Chadwick (Joseph). Represented Ship Owners' Association on Committee,
1899-1902.
Christian (H.R.H. the Princess). Honorary President, 1905-
Christy (Cuthbert), M.B., CM. Assistant Lecturer, 1903-1906. Member of
I2th Expedition, to Congo, 1903.
Clarke (Herbert), M.A., B.C. Member of 13th E.xpedition, to Bathurst,
Conakry, and Freetown, 1904.
Cooper (Chve Forster), M.A. Curator of Zoological Museum, Cambridge.
Malaria research, 1917-1918 [war work].
Cromer (Evelyn Baring), Earl, G.C.B. Honorary Vice-President, 1907-1916.
Dale (Sir Alfred), M.A., LL.D. Principal of University College, 1899-1903.
Vice-Chancellor of University, 1903-1919. Represented Council of
University College on Committee, 1900-1904. Ex-offi-cio member of
Committee, 1904-19 19.
Daniels (Charles Wilberforce), M.B., F.R.C.P. Late Medical Superintendent
of London School of Tropical Medicine. Took part in 5th Expedition,
to Sierra Leone, 1901.
Danson (Sir Francis Chatillon). Represented Council of University College
on Committee, 1901-1902. Member of Committee, 1902-. Vice-
Chairman, 1908-1913. Chairman, 1913-. Knighted, 1920.
Danson (John West Wood). Member of Committee, 1908-
Deacon (Henry Wade), J. P. Chairman of Royal Infirmary. Represented
Council of University on Committee, 1917-
Derby (Edward George Villiers Stanley), Earl of, K.G., G.C.V.O. Honorary
Treasurer, 1908. Honorary Vice-President, 1908-
Drawz (Walter W.). Librarian, 1910-1914.
Durham (Herbert Edward), M.B., F.R.C.S. Grocers' Research Scholar.
John Lucas Walker Student. Member of 4th Expedition, to the Amazon,
1900, subsequently proceeding to Cuba.
Durning-Lawrence (Sir Edwin), Bart. Honorary Vice-President, 1913-1914.
Provided funds for research in Cryotherapy.
Dutton (John Everett), M.B., Ch.B. Holt Fellow, 1897; Walter Myers
Fellow, 1901-1904. Member of 6th Expedition, to Gambia and Gold
Coast, 1901. Member of loth Expedition, to Gambia and French Senegal,
1902. Member of 12th Expedition, to Congo, 1903. Was the first to
identify a trypanosome in man. Died in the Congo, 27th February, 1905,
whilst serving on the 12th Expedition.
DuvALL (H. Muriel), M.Sc. Research on grain pests, 1916-1918 [war work].
Edie (E. S.), M.A., B.Sc. Late on the staff of Liverpool University Institute
of Commercial Research. Chemical research, 1910-1911.
Elliott (J. H.), M.D. Member of 3rd Expedition, to Nigeria, 1900.
69
Evans (Alwen Myfanwy), M.Sc. Assistant Lecturer in Entomology, 1918-
EvANS (Arthur), F.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Member of 13th Expedition, to Bathurst,
Conakry, and Freetown, 1904.
Evans (Sydney). Acting Secretary, 1917--
Fantham (Annie Porter), D.Sc. Dysentery research, 1916 [war work].
Fantham (Harold Benjamin), D.Sc, M.A. Research Assistant in Parasitology,
1910. Assistant Lecturer on Parasitology, 1911-1913. Editorial Secretary,
of the Annals, 1912-1916. Member of 31st Expedition, to Khartoum,
1913. Lecturer on Parasitology. 1913-1916. Professor of Zoology, Univer-
sity College, Johannesburg, 19 16-
Fernie (Henry F.). Represented Ship Owners' Association on Committee,
1902-1903.
Fielding-Ould (Robert), M.A., M.D. Member of 2nd Expedition, to West
Africa, 1899. Holt Fellow, 1900 and 1901. Assistant Lecturer on Tropical
Diseases, 1900.
Giles (G. M.), M.D., F.R.C.S. Lt.-Col., LM.S. Member of 14th Expedition,
to Gold Coast, Lagos, and Nigeria, 1904. Deputy Lecturer for Professor
of Tropical Medicine, 1904.
Glazebrook (Richard Tetley), F.R.S. Principal of University College, 1898-
1899. Represented Council of University College on Committee, 1898-1900.
Glynn (Ernest Edward), M.A., M.D. Professor of Pathology, University of
Liverpool. Honorary Lecturer to the School, 1910-1913. Member of
Committee, 1912-
GoFFEY (J.), Colonel V.D. Represented Ship Owners' Association on
Committee, 1899-1903.
Gordon (Rupert Montgomery), M.B., Ch.B. Research Assistant, Manaos
Research Laboratory, 19 19-
Grunbaum (Albert S.). Assistant Lecturer in Tropical Medicine, 1900-1904.
Hanington (John A. B.), M.D., CM. Research Assistant, Runcorn Research
Laboratory, 1906.
Hanley (Alan), C.M.G. Late P.M.O. Southern Nigeria. Member of 21st
Expedition, to Jamaica, 1908.
Harrison (Thomas Frederic). Represented Steamship Owners' Association on
Committee, 1904-
Herdman (WiUiam Abbott), C.B.E., D.Sc, LL.D., F.R.S. Professor of Natural
History, University of Liverpool, 1881-1919; Professor of Oceanography,
1919-. Represented Senate of University on Committee, 1912-
HiNDLE (Edward), Ph.D. Assistant at Runcorn Research Laboratory, 1907-1908.
Hope (Edward William), O.B.F., M.D., D.Sc. Medical Officer of Health for
Liverpool ; Professor of Public Health, University of Liverpool. Member
of Committee, 1908-. Honorary Lecturer, 1910-1913. Lecturer on
Municipal Sanitation, 1913-
Hughes (J. W.). Represented Steamship Owners' Association on Committee,
1899-1901.
James (Samuel). Secretary to Royal Southern Hospital. Honorary Secretary
to the School, 1898-1899.
Johnston (Edmund). Represented Steamship Owners' Association on Com-
mittee, 1901-1903.
Johnston (William). Presented the Johnston Laboratories to University
College, 1903, the ground floor of which was devoted to Tropical Medicine.
Jones (Sir Alfred Lewis), K.C.M.G. Founder of the School, 1898. Chairman
of Committee, 1898-1909. Created K.C.M.G., 1901. Died 13th Dec,
1909. Munificent benefactor of the School.
Jones (Charles W.). Represented Council of University College on Committee,
1898-1901.
Jones (David). Member of Committee, 1919-
JoNES (Sir Robert), C.B., D.Sc, Ch.M. Surgeon, Royal Southern Hospital.
JO
Kelly (Robert Ernest), C.B., M.D., B.Sc, F.R.C.S. Honorary Assistant
Surgeon, Royal Infirmary.
KiNGHORN (Allan), M.B. Johnston Colonial Fellow, 1905. Demonstrator and
Research Assistant, i90i;-i9o6. Member of i8th Expedition, to Rhodesia
and British Central Africa, 1907.
Leverhulme (WiUiam Hesketh Lever), Baron. Chairman of the School, 1910-
1913. Created a baronet, 191 1. Honorary Vice-President, 191 3 . Created
a baron, 1917.
Linton (Stanley Fo.x), M.D., M.Sc. Research Assistant, 1903-1904.
Livingston (Charles) Represented Steamship Owners' Association on Com-
mittee, 1901-1909. Member of Committee, 1909
Macalister (Charles John), M.D.,F. R.C. P. Physician, Royal Southern Hospital.
Represented Royal Southern Hospital on Committee, 190S-1915.
McCarthy Q. L.). Assistant Secretary, Liverpool Chamber of Commerce.
Deputy-Acting Secretary to the School, 1920-
McCoNNELL (Robert Ernest), M.D., CM. Member of 14th Expedition, to
Gold Coast, Lagos, and Nigeria, 1904.
Macfie (John WilUam Scott), M.B., D.Sc. Pathologist, West African Medical
Service. M.O. i/c malaria wards, Belmont Rd. Aux. Military Hospital,
1918-1919. Research on malaria and equine strongylidosis, 1916-1919
[war workj.
MacGregor (Sir WilUam), K.C.M.G. Governor of Lagos. Member of loth
Expedition, to Ismailia, 1902.
McKendrick (Anderson). Member of 5th Expedition, to Sierra Leone, 1901.
MACKINNON (Doris L.), D.Sc. Lecturer on Zoology, University of London,
King's College. Dysentery research, 1916-1917 [war workJ.
Marshall (Anthony Robert). Represented Ship Owners' Association on
Committee, 1903-
Matthews (James R.), M.A. Lecturer on Botany, University of London,
Birkbeck College. Dysentery research, 1916-1919 [war work].
Merewether (Sir Edward), K.C.V.O. Late Governor of Sierra Leone. Honorary
Vice-President, 1914-
Miller (Robert Brown). Represented Association of West African Merchants
on Committee, 1918-
MiLNE (Alan Hay), C.M.G. Secretary to Liverpool Chamber of Commerce.
Secretary to the School, 1899-1917.
Milner (Alfred Milner), Viscount, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. Secretary of State for
the Colonies. Vice-President of the School, 1910-.
Montgomery (Robert Eustace), M.R.C.V.S. Member of 18th Expedition, to
Rhodesia and British Central Africa, 1907.
Morgan (Llewellyn Arthur), M.D., M.R.C.S. Capt., R.A.M.C. Assistant
M.O. i/c Tropical School Aux. Military Hospital, 1915-1919.
Morris (Herbert M.), M.Sc. Research on grain pests, 1919-1920 [war work].
Murphy (Nora). Laboratory Secretary, 1902-1919.
Myers (Walter), M.B. John Lucas Walker Student. Member of 4th Expedition,
to the Amazon, 1900, subsequently proceeding to Cuba. Died in Para, on
January 20th, 1901, from yellow fever.
Nauss (Ralph Welty). Research Assistant, Runcorn Research Laboratory, 1910.
Neck (G. van). Member of ist Expedition, to West Africa, 1899.
Newbolt (George Palmerston), M.B., F.R.C.S. Surgeon, Royal Southern
Hospital. Represented Royal Southern Hospital on Committee, 1910-1915.
Newstead (Robert), J. P., F.R.S., M.Sc, A.L.S., F.E.S. Lecturer in Economic
Entomology and Parasitology, 1905-1911. Official Entomological Corres-
pondent to 'The Gardener's Chronicle,' 1899-1910. Member of 21st
Expedition, to Jamaica, 1908. Member of 24th Expedition, to Malta,
1910. Dutton Professor of Entomology, 191 1-. Member of Royal Society's
Sleeping Sickness Commission in Nyasaland, 1911. F.R.S., 1912. Member
71
of Inter-Departmental Committee on Sleeping Sickness, 1913-1914.
Organised anti-fly campaign in France and Flanders, 191 5. Directed Royal
Society Grain Pests (War) Commission, 1916-1920 [war work].
NiERENSTEiN (Maximilian), D.Sc, Ph.D. John Garrett International Fellow,
1906-1908. Research Demonstrator, Runcorn Research Laboratory, 1908-
1909.
Northumberland (Henry George Percy), 7th Duke, K.G., F.R.S. Honorary
Vice-President, 1902-1917.
O'Farrell (W. R.), Major, R.A.M.C. Malaria research, 1919.
Paterson (Andrew Melville), M.D., F.R.C.S. Professor of Anatomy, University
of Liverpool, 1 894-1 9 19. Represented Senate of University College on
Committee, 1899-1904.
Phillips (Kathleen). Assistant Secretary, Runcorn Research Laboratory, 1907.
Philipps (Sir Owen), K.C.M.G. Honorary Vice-President, 1910-
PiRRiE (William James Pirrie), Baron, K.P. Honorary Vice-President, 1910-
Prout (William Thomas), M.B., C.M.G. Late P.M.O., Sierra Leone. Medical
Adviser to the Colonial Office. Member of 21st Expedition, to Jamaica,
1908. Honorary Lecturer, 1907-1913. Lecturer on Tropical Sanitation,
1913-1919. Assistant Physician, Tropical Ward, Royal Infirmary, 1914-
1919. Lt.-Col., R.A.M.C, 1915-1919. Honorary Lecturer on Tropical
Sanitation, 1919-
Rankin (Robert). Member of Committee, 1908-. Honorary Treasurer, 1919-
Rea (Alec Lionel). Honorary Treasurer, 1908-1919.
Read (Sir Herbert James), K.C.M.G., C.B. Assistant Under-Secretary to the
Colonial Office. Represented Colonial Office on Committee, 1912-
Roberts (John Lloyd), M.D., B.Sc. Physician at Royal Southern Hospital.
Roberts (William). Represented Steamship Owners' Association on Committee,
1903-
RoGERSON (Stanley) Represented West African Trade Association on Committee,
1901-1910.
Ross (Edward Halford), M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Assistant to Professor of Tropical
Medicine, 191 1.
Ross (Sir Ronald), M.D., F.R.S., K.C.B., K.C.M.G. Lecturer on Tropical
Diseases, 1899-1901. Member of Committee, 1899-1905. Member of
1st Expedition, to West Africa, 1899. Member of 3rd Expedition, to
Nigeria, 1900. Walter Myers Lecturer, 1901. Member of 5th Expedition,
to Sierra Leone, 1901. F.R.S. , 1901. Member of 8th Expedition, to
Sierra Leone, 1902. Resigned Lectureship, 1902. Re-appointed, 1902.
Member of 9th Expedition, to Ismailia, 1902. Nobel Laureate, 1902.
C.B., 1902. Alfred Jones Professor of Tropical Medicine, 1903-1912.
Paid a visit of inspection to Panama Canal, 1904. Member of 17th
Expedition, to Lake Copais, Greece, 1906. Member of 20th Expedition,
to Mauritius, 1907. Physician, Royal Southern Hospital, 1908-1914.
Professor of Tropical Sanitation, Liverpool University, and Lecturer in
the School, 1912-1917. Lt.-Col., R.A.M.C. [T.]. Consultant in malaria,
War Office, 1917-1919.
Seidelin (Harald), M.D. Yellow Fever Bureau Research, 1911-1915. Member
of 28th Expedition, to Yucatan, 191 1. Member of 30th Expedition, to
Jamaica, 1912. Member of Colonial Office Yellow Fever Commission,
West Africa, 1 91 3.
Sherrington (Charles Scott), M.A., M.D., F.R.S., D.Sc. Professor of Physio-
logy, University of Liverpool, 1895-1913. Member of Committee, 1901-
1904. Represented Senate of University on Committee, 1904-1913.
Simpson (George Charles Edward), B.A., B.Sc, M.B. Research Assistant in
Chemistry, 19 10.
Smith (Albert Mahns), M.A. Lecturer on Biology, Technical College, Bradford.
Dysentery research, 1916-1919 [war workj.
Southwell (Thomas), A.R.C.Sc, F.Z.S. Late Director of Fisheries, Bengal
and Bihar and Orissa. Assistant Lecturer on Parasitology, 1920-
72
Stephens (John William Watson), M.D., F.R.S. Demonstrator in Tropical
Pathology, 1902. Walter Myers Lecturer, 1903-1913. Member of 23rd
Expedition, to Egypt, 1909. Alfred Jones Professor of Tropical Medicine,
1913-. Honorary Physician to Tropical Ward, Royal Infirmary, 1914-.
M.O. i/c Tropical School Aux. MiUtary Hospital, 1915-1919. Consultant
in Malaria, Western, Northern, and Scottish Commands. Lt.-Col.,
R.A.M.C., 1917-1919. Research on malaria, 1915-1919 [war work].
Representative of the School on Tropical Diseases Advisory Committee,
1917-. Charles Kingsley Medallist, 1918. F.R.S. , 1920.
Stewart (Charles Balfour), M. A., M.B. Assistant Lecturer in Tropical Medicine,
1900. Member of 7th Expedition, to Gold Coast, 1901.
Stott (Walter). Honorary Statistician to the School, 1910-
Strafford (J. O.) Represented Liverpool Chamber of Commerce on Committee,
1899-1911. Honorary Treasurer, 1899-1903.
Taylor (Matthew Logan), M.B., Ch.B. Member of 5th Expedition, to Sierra
Leone, 1901. Member of nth Expedition, to Gold Coast, 1902.
Thomas (Harold Wolferstan), M.D., CM. Research Assistant and Director of
Runcorn Research Laboratory, 1903-1905. Assistant Lecturer, 1905.
Member of 15th Expedition, to Manaos, 1905. Member of 26th Expedition,
to Manaos, 1910. Director of Manaos Research Laboratory, 1905-
Thomas (Wilham Thelwall), Hon. Ch.M., F.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Surgeon, Royal
Infirmary. Professor of Regional Surgery and Lecturer in Clinical Surgery,
University of Liverpool.
Thomson (David), O.B.E., M.B., Ch.B. Research Assistant in Malaria, 1910.
Chnical Pathological Assistant, 1911-1913, Member of 29th Expedition,
to Panama, 1912.
Thomson Qohn Gordon), M.A., M.B., Ch.B. Research Assistant in Cryotherapy,
1910-1913. Clinical Pathological Assistant, 1913.
TiNNE (J. A.). Represented Royal Southern Hospital on Committee, 1908-1913.
ToBEY (Edward Nelson), M.D. Research Assistant, Runcorn Research Labora-
tory, 1906.
Todd (John Lancelot), B.A., M.D., CM. Member of loth Expedition, to
Gambia and French Senegal, 1902. Member of 12th Expedition, to Congo,
1903. Assistant Lecturer, 1905. Director of Runcorn Research Laboratory,
1906-1907. Member of 27th Expedition, to Gambia, 191 1.
Walker (Charles Edward), D.Sc, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Honorary Lecturer in
Cytology, 1 907-1 908. Research on Cryotherapy, 1909.
Warr (A. F.), M.P. Member of Committee, 1901-1908.
Welsh (Thomas). Represented West African Trade Association on Committee,
1910-
Whittle (Madge). Laboratory Secretary, 1919-
WiLLiAMS (Charles Louis), Major, I. M.S., ret. Honorary Lecturer, 1907.
Research on Cryotherapy, 1909.
Williams (Lewis Arthur), M.D. Demonstrator and Research Assistant, 1905.
Williams (O. Harrison). Honorary Vice-President, 1910-
WiLLiAMS (Robert Stenhouse), B.Sc, M.D., CM. Assistant Lecturer, 1909.
Wolbach (S. B.), M.D. Member of 27th Expedition, to Gambia, 191 1.
Woodsend (Thomas). Represented Royal Southern Hospital on Committee,
1916-
YoRKE (Warrington), M.D. Holt Fellow, 1906. Member of 19th Expedition,
to Nyasaland, 1907. Research Assistant, Runcorn Research Laboratory,
1909. Director, 1910. Member of Sleeping Sickness Commission of B.S.A.
Co., to Rhodesia, 1911-1913. Walter Myers Professor of Parasitology,
1913-. Member of Committee, 1914-. Member of 32nd Expedition, to
Sierra Leone, 1914. Capt., R.A.M.C., 1915. Physician, Tropical
School Aux. Mihtary Hospital, 1916-1919. Research on malaria, dysentery,
and equine strongylidosis, 1016-1919 [war work].
Young (Charles James), M.B., Ch.B. Research Assistant, Manaos Research
Laboratory, 1919-
73
APPENDIX II
EXPEDITIONS
The following is a complete list of the Expeditions sent
out to the Tropics by the School from its foundation to
the end of 1913 : —
The First (Malarial) Expedition : Major Ronald Ross, C.B., F.R.S.,
Dr. H. E. Annett, Mr. E. E. Austen (of the British Museum), and
Dr. Van Neck (of Belgium), despatched to Sierra Leone, July, 1S99.
The Second (.Malarial) Expedition : Dr. R. Fielding Ould, despatched
to the Gold Coast and Lagos in the winter of 1899.
The Third (Malarial) Expedition : Dr. H. E. Annett, Dr. ]. E. Dutton,
and Dr. Elliott, despatched to Northern and Southern Nigeria, March, igoo.
The Fourth (Yellow Fever) Expedition : Dr. H. E. Durham and
Dr. Walter Myers, despatched to Cuba, and to Para, Brazil, June, 1900.
The Fifth (Sanitation) Expedition : Major Ronald Ross, C.B., F.R.S.,
and Dr. Logan Taylor, despatched to Sierra Leone, June, 1901.
The Sixth (Trypanosomiasis) Expedition : Dr. J. E. Dutton, despatched
to the Gambia, September, 1901.
The Seventh (Malarial) Expedition : Dr. C. Balfour Stewart, despatched
to the Gold Coast, November, 1901.
The Eighth (Sanitation) Expedition : Major Ronald Ross, C.B., F.R.S.,
despatched to Sierra Leone, February, 1902.
The Ninth (Malarial) Expedition : Major Ronald Ross, C.B., F.R.S.,
accompanied by Sir WilUam MacGregor, K.C.M.G., the Governor of Lagos,
despatched to Tsmailia, September, 1902.
The Tenth (Trypanosomiasis) Expedition : Dr. J. E. Dutton and
Dr. J. L. Todd, despatched to the Gambia and French Senegal, September,
1902.
The Eleventh (Sanitation) Expedition : Dr. M. Logan Taylor,
despatched to the Gold Coast from Sierra Leone, October, 1902.
The Twelfth (Trypanosomiasis) Expedition : Dr. J. E. Dutton, Dr. J. L.
Todd, and Dr. C. Christy, despatched to the Congo Free State, September,
1903.
The Thirteenth Expedition : Professor Rubert Boyce, F.R.S., Dr. Arthur
Evans, and Dr. Herbert H. Clarke, were despatched to Bathurst, Conakry,
and Freetown, November, 1904, to report on the Sanitation and Anti-Malarial
Measures in practice at the towns visited.
The Fourteenth Expedition : Lieut. -Col. G. M. Giles, Indian Medical
Service (Rtd.), and Dr. R. Ernest McConnell, despatched to the Gold Coast,
December, 1904., to organise sanitary and anti-malarial measures.
The Fifteenth (Yellow Fever) Expedition : Dr. H. Wolferstan Thomas
and Dr. Anton Breinl, despatched to the Amazon, April, 1905.
74
The Sixteenth (Yellow Fever) Expedition : Professor Boyce, F.R.S.,
despatched to New Orleans, August, 1905, to observe the work of the United
States Medical Authorities in deaUng with the outbreak of Yellow Fever theie.
Professor Boyce subsequently visited British Honduras at the special request
of the Colonial Office.
The Seventteenth (Malarial) Expedition : Professor Ronald Ross, C.B.,
F.R.S., despatched to Lake Copais, in Greece, May, 1900, at the request 01 the
I,ake Copais Company.
The Eighteenth (Sleeping Sickness) Expedition : Dr. Allan Kinghorn
and Mr. R. E. Montgomery, M.R.C.V.S., despatched to Rhodesia and British
Central Africa, May, 1907.
The Nineteenth (Blackwater Fever) Expedition : Dr. J. O. Wakelin
Barratt and Dr. W. Yorke despatched to Nyasaland, August, 1907.
The Twentieth Expedition : Professor Ronald Ross, C.B., F.R.S.,
despatched to Mauritius at the request of the Colonial Office, October, 1907,
to study malaria.
The Twenty-first Expedition : Mr. R. Newstead, Dr. W. T. Prout,
C.M.G., and Dr. Alan Hanley, C.M.G., despatched to Jamaica, November,
190R, to study cattle and other ticks.
The Twenty-second Expedition : Professor Sir Rubert Boyce, F.R.S.,
despatched to Barbadoes, March, 1909, at the request ot the Colonial Office,
to initiate a campaign against mosquitoes.
The Twenty-third Expedition : Dr. J. W. W. Stephens despatched to
Egypt to study helminthology, November, 1909.
The Twenty-fourth Expedition : Mr. R. Newstead, despatched to
Malta for entomological investigations, June, 1910.
The Twenty-fifth Expedition : Professor Sir Rubert Boyce, F.R.S.,
despatched to West Africa to report on the outbreak of Yellow Fever at Sierra
Leone and the Gold Coast, June, 1910.
The Twenty-sixth (North Brazil Sanitation) Expedition : Dr. H.
Wolferstan Thomas, despatched to Manaos in Brazil, May, 1910.
The Twenty-seventh Expedition : Professor J. L. Todd and Professor
S. B. Wolbach, despatched to the Gambia to investigate Sleeping Sickness,
January, 191 1.
The Twenty-eighth (Yellow Fever) Expedition : Dr. Harald Seidelin,
despatched to Yucatan, in Mexico, to study Yellow Fever, December, 1911.
The Twenty-ninth (Malaria) Expedition : Dr. D. Thomson, despatched
to Panama to confer with medical men there regarding the prevalence of
Malaria, September, 1912.
The Thirtieth (Vomiting Sickness) Expedition : Dr. Harald Seidelin,
despatched to Jamaica to study Vomiting Sickness and other obscure Tropical
Diseases, December, 1912.
The Thirty-first Expedition : Dr. H. B. Fantham despatched to
Khartoum to study diseases prevalent there, July, 191 3.
The Thirty-second Expedition : Professor Warrington Yorke and Dr. B.
Blacklock despatched to Sierra Leone to study Sleeping Sickness and other
Diseases there, November, 1914.
Reports of all the above Expeditions appear in the Annals and other
publications of the School.
75
In addition, the services of the following members of the Staff of the School
have been requisitioned : —
Major Sir Ronald Ross, K.C.B., F.R.S. Expedition to Panama Canal
Zone. September, 1904. (At the request of the Panama Canal Commission.)
Professor Robert Newstead, F.R.S. Expedition to Nyasaland to study
Sleeping Sickness. July — October, 191 1. (At the request of the Colonial
Office.)
Dr. Warrington Yorke. Expedition to Rhodesia to study Sleeping Sickness.
August, 191 1 — October, 1912. (At the request of the British South Africa
Company.)
Major Sir Ronald Ross, K.C.B., F.R.S. Expedition to Cyprus. January —
April, 1913. (At the request of the Colonial Office.)
Dr. Harald Seidelin. Attached to the West Africa Yellow Fever
Commission, at the request of the Colonial Office. October, 191.^.
n
APPENDIX III.
PAPERS PUBLISHED BY MEMBERS OF THE STAFF
WHILE AT THE SCHOOL.
Annett, H. E.
(i) Note on the results of inoculation of blood from the European case
H. K. Liv. Sch. Trap. Med., Memoir XI, pp. 47-49. 1903.
[With J. E. DuTTON.]
(2) The hibernation of English mosquitoes. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
Memoir IV, pp. 93-96. igoi.
[With J. E. DuTTON and J. H. Elliott.]
(3) Report of the Malaria Expedition to Nigeria. Part I : Malaria.
Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir III, pp. 1-66 ; Part II : Filariasis. Liv.
Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir IV, pp. 1-92. 1901.
See also Breinl (5) and Ross (28).
Austen, E. E.
(i) Supplementary notes on the tsetse-flies (genus Glossina, Wiedemann).
Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XIII, pp. 101-112. 1904.
See also Ross (28).
Barratt, J. 0. W.
(i) On the absence of a vesicant in the ether extract obtainable from
mosquitoes. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 177-178. 1910.
(2) Recent experimental research bearing upon blackwater fever. A}ift.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 367-369. 1913.
[With W. YORKE.J
(3) An investigation into the mechanism of the production of blackwater.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill, pp. 1-256. 1909.
(4) A method of estimating the total volume of blood contained in the
living body. Proc. Roy. Soc, Ser. B, Vol. LXXXI, pp. 381-384. 1909.
(5) Ueber den Mechanismus der Entstchung der Hamoglobinurie bei
Infektionen mit Piroplasma canis. Zeit. fur Immunitatsforschun^ taid
Exper. Thcrapie, Vol. IV. Dec, 1905.
(6) Ueber Hamoglobinamie. Zeit. fur I mmunitdts{orschung und Exper.
T^fiAfl/izV, Vol. XII, Pt. 3. 1912.
(7) The production of general symptoms in haemoglobinaemia. Brit.
Med. Journ. Jan. 31, 1914.
(8) The relation of bile pigments to haemoglobin. Ann. Trop. Med,
Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 509-536. 1914.
Blacklock, B.
(i) The measurement of a thousand examples of Trypanosoma vivax.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 521-530. 1912.
(2) A note on the measurements of Trypanosoma vivax in rabbits and
white rats. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, p. 537. 1912.
(3) The vitality of, and changes undergone by, trypanosomes in the
cadaver of the animal host. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 55-68.
1912.
(4) The trypanosomes found in a horse naturally infected in the Gambia.
A double infection. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 107-116.
1912.
(5) The measurements of a thousand examples of a short form of
trypanosome from a double infection. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI,
pp. 287-293. 1912.
78
BlacklOCk, B.— continued.
(6) On the presence of posterior nucleated parasites in a strain of
T.biucei. Brit. Med. Journ. Oct. 19, 1912.
(7) On the resistance of Cimex lectvlarius to various reagents, powders,
liquids, and gases. Ann. Tiop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 415-428. 1912.
(X) The resistance of Ornithodorus mouhata to various sheep dips. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 429-433. 191 2.
(g) External Myasis in a monKey. Brit. Med. Journ. Jan. 11, 1913.
(10) A study of the posterior nuclear forms of Trypanosoma rf^odesiensc
(Stephens and Fantham) in rats. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.., Vol. VII,
pp. 101-112. 1913.
(11) On the multiplieationandinfectivity of T. cruzim Cimex lectularius.
Brit. Med. Journ. April 25, 1914.
(12) Ancylostoma ceylanicum in the cat in Durban. Ann. Jrop. Med.
Parasit.., Vol. XIII, p. 297. 1919-
[With H. F. Carter.]
(13) The experimental infection, in England, of Anopheles plumbeus,
Hal., with Plasmodium vivax (sporozoites in salivary glands). Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 187-188. 1919.
(14) The experimental infection, in England, of Anopheles plumbeus,
Stephens, and Anopheles bifuratus, L., with Plasmodium vivax. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 413-420. 1920.
(15) Observations on Anopheles {Coelodiazesis) plumbeus, Stephens, with
special reference to its breeding places, occurrence in the Liverpool district,
and possible connection with the spread of malaria. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 421-444. 1920.
(16) On the results obtained from surveys for breeding places of tree-
hole mosquitoes in Liverpool and neighbourhood. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. XIV, pp. 115-126. 1920.
[With W. R. O'Farrell.]
(17) Note on a case of multiple infection by Dracunculus medinensis.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 189-194. 1919.
[With W. YORKE.]
(18) The trypanosomes causing dourine. Proc. Roy. Soc., Vol. LXXXVII,
pp. 89-96. 191 3.
(19) Trypanosoma vivax in rabbits. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII,
pp. 563-568. 1913.
(20) The probable identity of Trypanosoma congolense (Broden) and
T. nanum (Laveran). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 603-607.
1913-
See also Stephens (28, 44-73) and Yorke (16-28).
Boyce, R.
(i) The anti-malaria measures at Ismailia, 1902-4. Liv. Sch. Trop.
Med., Memoir XII, pp. i-o. 1904.
(2) Yellow fever prophylaxis in New Orleans. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
Memoir XIX, pp. 1-62. 1906.
(3) Mosquito or Man ? The Conquest of the Tropical World.
8°., London : Murray, 1909.
(4) Health Progress and Administration in the West Indies. 8°., London:
Murray, 1910. 2nd ed., 1910.
(5) Malaria prevention in Jamaica. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV,
pp. 233-238. 1910.
(6) Note upon yellow fever in the black race and its bearing upon the
question of the endemicity of yellow fever in West Africa. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 103-110. 191 1.
(7) Yellow Fever and its Prevention : a Manual for Medical Students
and Practitioners. 8°., London : Murray, igii.
79
Boyce, R. — continued.
[With A. Breinl.]
(8) Atoxyl and trypanosomiasis. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasil., Vol. II,
pp. 1-32. 1908.
[With A. Evans and H. H. Clarke.]
(9) Report on the sanitation and anti-malarial measures in practice in
Bathurst, Conakry, and Freetown. Liv. Sch. Trap. Med., Memoir XIV,
pp. 1-40. 1905.
[With F. C. Lewis.]
(10) The effect of mosquito larvae upon drinking-water. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasii., Vol. Ill, pp. 591-594. 1910.
See also Stephens (29).
Breinl, A.
(i) Pathological report of the histology of sleeping sickne.^s and trypano-
somiasis, with a comparison of the changes found in animals infected with
Trypanosoma gambiense and other TryJDanosomata. Proc. Roy. Soc, Ser. B,
Vol. LXXVII, pp. 233-235. 1906.
(2) On the specific nature of the spirochaeta of the African tick fever.
Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XX, pp. 69-72. 1906.
(3) On the morphology and life-history of Spirochaeta duttoni. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 435-438. 1907.
(4) Experiments on the combined atoxyl-mercury treatment in monkeys
infected with Trypanosoma gambiense. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II,
PP- 345-351- 1909-
[With H. E. Annett.]
(5) Short note on the mechanism of haemolysis in Piroplasmosis cants.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 383-385. 1909.
[With E. HiNDLE.]
(6) Contributions to the morphology and life-history of Piroplasma
canis. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 233-248. 1908.
(7) A new Porocephalus {Porocephalus cercopitheci, n.sp.). Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 321-322. 1909.
(8) Observations on the life-history of Trypanosoma lewisi in the rat-
louse {H aematopinus spinulosus). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill,
PP- 553-564- 1910-
[With A. KiNGHORN.]
(q) Observations on the animal reactions of the splrochacte of the
African tick fever. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XX, pp. 61-65. 1906.
(10) An experimental study of the parasite of the African tick fever.
Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XXI, pp. 1-52. 1906.
(i i) Note on a new Spirochaeta found in a mouse. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
Memoir XXI, pp. 55-56. 1906.
[With A. KiNGHORN and J. L. Todd.]
(12) Attempts to transmit splrochaetes by the bites of Cimcx lectularius.
Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XXI, pp. 1 13-1 18. 1906.
[With M. Nierenstein.]
(13) Weitere Beobachtungen iiber Atoxylfcstigkcit dcr Trypanosomen.
Dent. Med. JFoch., No. 27. 1908.
(14) The action of aryl-stiblnic acids in experimental trypanosomiasis.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 365-382. 1909.
(15) Bio-chemical and therapeutical studies on trypanosomiasis. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill, pp. 395-420. 1909.
[With J. L. Todd.]
(16) Atoxyl in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. Brit. Med. jfourn.
Jan. 19, 1907.
See also Boyce (8), Salvin-Moore (1-4), and Thomas (6).
8o
Carter, H. F.
(i) A new Anopheline from South Africa. Entomologist, Vol. XLllI,
pp. 237-238. 1910.
(2) Report on a collection of Culicidae from Cochin China. Entomologist,
Vol. XLIII, pp. 274-276. 1910.
(3) A new mosquito from Uganda. Bull. Ent. Research, Vol. II,
PP- 37-38- 1911-
(4) Descriptions of three new African species of the genus Tabanus.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 435-442. 1912.
(5) On certain mosquitoes ol the genera Banksinclla, Theobald, and
Tacniorhynchtis, Arribalzaga. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasii., Vol. VII,
pp. 581-589. 1913.
(6) On some previously undescribed Tabanidae from Africa. Ann. Trap.
Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 173-196. 1915.
(7) On three new African midges. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. X,
pp. 131-138. 1916.
(8) Remarks on the spirochaetes occurring in the faeces of dysenteric
patients. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. X, pp. 391-396. 1917.
(9) New West African Ceratopogoninae. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. XII, pp. 289-302. 1919.
(10) Descriptions of the male genital armatures of the British anopheline
mosquitoes. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 453-457. 192c.
(11) The Blood-sucking Nematocera. In The Practice oj Medicine in
the Tropics, Vol. I. 1920. (In the press.)
[With B. Blacklock.]
(12) External myiasis in a monkey. Brit. Med. Jonrn. Jan. 11, 1913.
[With J. R. Matthews.]
(13) The value of concentrating the cysts of protozoal parasites in
examining the stools of dysenteric patients for pathogenic entamoebae.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 195-204. 1917.
[With D. L. MACKINNON, J. R. Matthews, and A. M. Smith.]
(14) The protozoal findings in nine hundred and ten cases of dysentery
examined at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, from May to
September, 1916 (First Report). Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. X,
pp 411-426. 1917.
(15) Protozoological investigation of cases of dysentery conducted at
the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (Second Report). Ann. Trap.
Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 27-68. 1917.
(16) Protozoological examinations made in the Liverpool School of
Tropical Medicine ; being Part III of the Medical Research Committee's
Special Report, No. 7 : Report upon 2, 360 enteritis ' convalescents ' received
at Liverpool from various Expeditlonar^■ Forces. 1918
See also Macfie (i), Newstead (59, 61), Stephens (48-68), and Yorke (29).
Carter, R. M.
(i) The presence of Spirochaeta duttoni in the ova of Ornithodoros mouhata.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 157-160. 1907.
Christophers, S. R.
[With R. Newstead.]
(i) On a new pathogenic louse which acts as the intermediary host of a
new haemogregarine in the blood of the Indian field-rat (j'^rM/wi indicus).
Thompson Yates Lab. Reports, Vol. VII, pp. 1-6. 1906.
[With ]. W. W. Stephens.]
(2) Note on a new Schistosomtim egg. Journ. Trop. Med. & HyR-i
Vol. Ill, p. 250. 1905.
See also Ross (30), Stephens (30-33).
8i
Christy, C.
(i) The ccrebro-spinal fluid in sleeping sickness (Trypanosomiasis) : 104
lumbar punctures. Liv. Scb. Trop. Med., Memoir XIII, pp. 57-71. 1904.
See also Dutton (10-13).
Clarke, H. H.
See Boyce (9).
Connal, A.
See Seidelin (31, 32).
Cooper, C. F.
See Stephens (44-68).
Durham, H. E.
(i) Report of the Yellow Fever Expedition to Para. Liv. Scb. Trop.
Med., Memoir VII. pp. 1-75. 1902.
[With W. Myers.]
(2) Notes on the sanitary conditions obtaining in Para. Liv. Sch. Trop.
Med., Miscellanea, pp. i-io. 1 90 1.
Dutton, J. E.
(i) Preliminary note upon a trypanosome occurring in the blood of man.
Thompson Tales Lab. Reports, Vol. IV, Pt. 2, pp. 455-469. 1902.
(2) Report of the Malaria E.xpedition to the Gambia. Liv. Scb. Trop.
Med., Memoir X, pp. 1-46. 1903.
(3) The intermediary host of Filaria cypseli. Thompson Tales Lab.
Reports, Vol. VI, Pt. i, pp. 139-146. 1905.
[With J. L. Todd.]
(4) First Report of the Trypanosomiasis Expedition to Senegambia.
Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XI, pp. 1-57. 1903.
(5) Gland puncture in Trypanosomiasis. Liv. Scb. Trop. Med., Memoir
XVI, pp. 97-102. 1905.
(6) The nature of human tick fever in the Eastern part of the Congo
Free State. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XVII, pp. 1-18. 1905.
(7) The distribution and spread of sleeping sickness in the Congo Free
State with suggestions on prophylaxis. Liv. Scb. Trop. Med., Memoir
XVIII, pp. 23-38. 1906.
(8) Rapport sur la prophylaxie de la malaria dans les principaux postes
de I'Etat Independant du Congo. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XX,
pp. 1-58. 1906.
(g) Gland palpation in human Trypanosomiasis. Liv. Scb. Trop. Med.,
Memoir XVIII, pp. 1-22. 1906.
[With J. L. Todd and C. Christy.]
(10) Human Trypanosomiasis on the Congo. Liv. Scb. Trop. Med.,
Memoir XIII, pp. i-io. 1904.
(i i) Human Trypanosomiasis and its relation to Congo Sleeping Sickness.
Liv. Scb. Trop. Med., Memoir XIII, pp. 11-48. 1904.
(12) The Congo floor maggot. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XIII,
pp. 49-55. 1904.
(13) Two cases of Trypanosomiasis in Europeans. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
Memoir XIII, pp. 89-97. 1904.
[With J. L. Todd and J. W. B. Hanington.]
(14) Trypanosome transmission experiments. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. I, pp. 199-229. 1907.
[With J. L. Todd and A. Kinghorn.]
(15) Cattle trypanosomiasis in the Congo Free State. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 231-271. 1907.
82
Dutton, J. E. — continued.
[With J. L. Todd and E. N. Tobey.]
(16) A comparison between the trypanosomes present by day and night
in the peripheral blood of cases of human trypanosomiasis. Liv. Sch. Trop.
Med., Memoir XXI, pp. 59-64. 1906.
(17) Concerning certain parasitic protozoa observed in Africa. Lir. Scb.
Trop. Med., Memoir XXI, pp. 87-97. 1906.
(18) Concerning haemoflagellates of an African fish {Clarias angohnsis).
Journ. Med. Research, Vol. XV, No. 3. 1906.
(19) Trypanosomes ot the trumpeter hornbill {Bycanistes buccinator).
Journ. Med. Research, Vol. XVI, No. i. 1907.
(20) Concerning certain parasitic protozoa observed in Africa. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 285-370. 1907.
See also Annett (2, 3), Newstead (65).
Duvall, H. M.
See Newstead (66-68).
Edie, E. S.
[With W. H. Evans, B. AIgore, G. C. Simpson, and A. Webster.]
(i) The anti-neuritic bases of vegetable origin in relationship to Beri-
beri, with a method of isolation of torulin, the anti-neuritic base of yeast.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 235-243. 1912. Also in Bio-chem.
Journ., Vol. VI, pp. 234-242.
See also Ross (31) and Simpson (5-7).
Elliott, J. H.
See Annett (3).
Evans, A.
See Boyce (9).
Evans, A. M.
(i) On the genital armature of the female tsetse flies (Glossina). Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 31-56. 1919.
Evans, W. H.
See Edie (i).
Fantham, H. B.
(i) On the occurrence of schizogony in an avian leucocytozoon, L.
lovati, parasitic in the red grouse, Lagopus scoticus. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 255-260. 1910.
(2) The life history of Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense
as seen in rats and gumea-pigs. Proc. Roy. Soc, B, Vol. LXXXIII, pp. 212-
227. igii. Also in Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 465-485.
1911.
(3) On the amoebae parasitic in the human intestine, with remarks on
the life-cycle of Entamoeba coli in cultures. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 111-123. igii-
(4) Some researches on the life cycle of spirochaetes. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 479-500. 191 1.
(5) Herpetotnonas pediculi, sp.n., parasitic in the alimentary tract of
Pedicules vestimenti, the human louse. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI,
pp. 25-40. 191 2.
(6) Note on the occurrence and distribution of Herpetomonas pediculi.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 403-404. 1912.
(7) Note on the specific name of the Herpetomonas found in the dog
flea, Ctenoccphalus canis. Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Vol. VI, pp. 254-255.
1913-
83
Fantham, H. B — continued.
(8) Sarcocyslis cclii, n.sp., a Sarcosporidlan occurring in the red-faced
African mouse-bird, Coitus eryihromclon. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soi., Vol. XVII,
pp. 221-224. 1913.
(g) Tlie Isle of Wight bee disease (Microsporidiosis) ; second report.
Suppl. to Journ. Board Agric. July, 1913.
(10) Some Minute Animal Parasites, or Unseen Foei in the Animal
World. 8°., London : Methuen, 1914.
(11) The granule phase of spirochaetes. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VIII, pp. 471-484. 1914.
(12) Insect flagellates and the evolution of disease with remarks on the
importance of comparative methods in the study of protozoology. Ann.
Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 335-348. 1915.
(13) Spirochacta bronchialis, Castellani, 1907, together with remarks on
the spirochaetes of the human mouth. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX,
pp. 391-412. 1915.
[With A. Porter.]
(14) The morphology and life history of Nosemaapis and the significance
of its various stages in the so-called ' Isle of Wight ' disease in bees. Ann.
Trop. Med. Paiasit., Vol. VI, pp. 163-195. 1912.
{15) The dissemination of Nosema apis. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VI, pp. 197-214. 1912.
(16) Some effects of the occurrence of Myxosporidia in the gall bladder
of fishes. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit. , Vol. \l,^^. Jt6j-:^Zi. 1912.
(17) The pathogenicity of Nosema apis to insects other than hive bees.
.4nn. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 569-579. 1913.
(18) Herpetomonas stratiomyiae, n. sp., a flagellate parasite of the flies
Stratiomyiae chameleon and S. potamida with remarks on the biology of
the hosts. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 609-620. 1913.
(19) The morphology, biology and economic importance of Nosema
bombi, n.sp., parasitic in various humble bees {Bombus spp.). Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 623-638. 1914.
(20) Some experimental researches on induced herpetomoniasis in
birds. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 543-558. 1915.
[With J. G. Thomson.]
(21) Enumerative studies on Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma
rhodesiense in rats, guinea-pigs, and rabbits ; periodic variations disclosed.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 417-463. 191 1. Preliminary
note in Proc. Roy. Soc, B, Vol. LXXXIII, pp. 206-211. 191 1.
[With J. W. W. Stephens and F. V. Theobald.]
(22) The Animal Parasites of Man. 8°., London : Bale & Danielsson,
1916.
See also Stephens (35-39) and Thomson, J. G. (3).
Fielding-Ould, R.
(i) Observations at Freetown, Accra and Lagos. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
Memoir II, pp. 51-58. 1902.
See also Ross (28, 32).
Giles, G. M.
(i) General sanitation and anti-malarial measures in Sekondi, the Gold-
fields, and Kumassi. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XV., pp. 1-53. 1905.
(2) Description of two species of Anopheles from West Africa. Liv.
Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir II, pp. 49-51. 1902.
See also Ross (28).
Hanington, J. W. B.
See Dutton (14).
84
Hindle, E.
See Breinl (6-8) and Salvin-Moore (4).
Kinghorn, A.
[With R. E. Montgomery.]
(i) Reports of the Sleeping Sickness Expedition to the Zambesi, for
the year 1907-1908. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 53-96. 1908.
(2) On the flagellates occurring in the intestine of Glossina palpalis,
and in the intestine and proboscis of Glossina morsitans. Ann. Trap. Med.
Parasit., Vol. Ill, pp. 259-276. 1909.
(3) Second report on human trypanosomiasis in North Eastern Rhodesia
and Nyasaland. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill, pp. 277-309. 1909.
(4) A further report on trypanosomiasis of domestic stock in Northern
Rhodesia (North-Eastern Rhodesia). Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill,
pp. 311-374. 1909.
[With J. L. Todd. I
(5) Review of the present means of combating sleeping sickness. Lancet.
Feb. 2, 1907.
[With W. YORKE.]
(6) On the transmission of human trypanosomes by Glossina morsitans,
Westw. ; and on the occurrence of human trypanosomes in game. Aftn.
Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 1-23. 1912.
(7) A further report on the transmission of human trypanosomes by
Glossina morsitans. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., -Vol. VI, pp. 269-285. 1912.
(8) Trypanosomes infecting game and domestic stock in the Luangwa
Valley, North Eastern Rhodesia. Ann Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI,
PP- 301-315- 1912.
(9) Trypanosomes obtained by feeding wild Glossina morsitans on
monkeys in Luangwa Valley, Northern Rhodesia. Ann. Trap. Med.
Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 317-325. 1912.
(10) On the influence of meteorological conditions on the development
of Trypanasoma rhodcsiense in Glossina morsitans. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VI, pp. 405-413. 1912.
(11) Further observations on the trypanosomes of game and domestic
stock in North Eastern Rhodesia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI,
PP- 483-493- 1912-
[With W. YoRKE and L. Lloyd.]
(12) On the development of Trypanosoma rhodesiense in Glossina
morsitans. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 495-503. 1912.
(13) Final report of the Luangwa Sleeping Sickness Commission of the
British South Africa Company, 1911-1912. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VII, pp. 183-302. 1913.
See also Breinl (9-12), Dutton (15), and Montgomery (1-3).
Linton, S. F.
See Thomas (7).
Macne, J. W. S.
[With H. F. Carter.]
(i) The occurrence of Spirochaeta eurygyrata in Europeans in England,
with a note on a second species of Spirochaeta from the human intestine.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 75-79. 1917-
[With W. YoRKE.]
(2) The relapsing fever spirochaetes. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. XI, pp. 81-85. I9'7-
See also Stephens (44-73) and Yorke (30-38).
Mackinnon, D. L.
See Carter (14-16), Stephens (40), and Yorke (29).
85
Matthews, J. R.
(i) Observations on the cysts of the common intestinal protozoa of
man. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 17-26. 1918.
(2) A mcnsurative study of the cysts of Entamoeba colt. Ann. Trap.
Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 259-272. 1919-
(3) The course and duration of an infection with Entamoeba colt. Ann.
Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 17-22. 1919-
[With A. M. Smith.]
(4) The spread and incidence of intestinal protozoal infections in the
population of Great Britain : i. Civilians in Liverpool Royal Infirmary ;
ii. Army Recruits. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 349-359.
'919- . . . . ...
(5) The spread and incidence of intestinal protozoal infections m the
population of Great Britain : iii. Children. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. XII, pp. 361-369. 1919.
(6) The intestinal protozoal infections among convalescent dysenteries
examined at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (Third Report).
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 83-90. 1919.
(7) The spread and incidence of intestinal protozoal infections in the
population of Great Britain : iv. Asylum Patients ; v. University and School
cadets. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 91-94. 1919.
See also Carter (14-16), Smith (4, 5), and Yorke (29).
Montgomery, R. E.
[With A. KiNGHORN.]
(i) A report on trypanosomiasis of domestic stock in North-Western
Rhodesia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 97-132. 1908.
(2) On the nomenclature of the mammalian trypanosomes observed in
North-Western Rhodesia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 333-344.
'909-
(3) Gland puncture in the diagnosis of animal trypanosomiasis. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 387-389. 1909.
See also Kinghorn (1-4).
Moore, B.
[With M. NiERENSTEiN and J. L. Todd.]
(1) A note on the therapeutics of trypanosomiasis. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. I, p. 161. 1907.
(2) Concerning the treatment of experimental trypanosomiasis. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 275-284. 1907.
(3) Notes on the effects of therapeutic agents in respect to (a) acquired
resistance of the parasites to the drug, and (b) changes in virulence of the
strains after escape from the drug. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II,
pp. 221-226. 1908.
(4) Concerning the treatment of experimental trypanosomiasis : Part II.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 265-288. 1909.
See also Edie (i).
Morris, H. M.
The Hypopus of Carpoglyphus anonymus, Haller. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 339-342. 1920.
Myers, W.
See Durham (2).
Nauss, R. W.
[With W. Yorke.]
(i) Reducing action of trypanosomes on haemoglobin. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit.,Vo\.'V,Y>p. 199-214. 1911.
(2) Some further observations on the tsetse-fly, described in these Annals
as Glossina grossa, etc. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, p. 125. 191 1.
See also Yorke (39).
86
Newstead, R.
(i) On the external anatomy of Ornithodoros monbata (Murray). Liv.
Sch. Trap. Med., Memoir XVII, pp. 21-26. 1905.
(2) The Felted Beech Coccus {Cryptococcus fagi). Board of Agric,
Leaflet No. 140, pp. 1-4. 1905.
'j) The Felted Beech Coccus. Jotirii. of Board of Agric, Vol. XI,
pp. 755-761- 1905-
(4) Some new facts concerning the economy of the crane-fly (Tiptda
oJeracea) and its natural enemies. Gard. Chron. Jan. 21, 1905.
(5) On another new Dermanyssid acarid parasitic in the lungs of the
Rhesus monkey. Lir. Sch. Trap. Med., Memoir XVIII, pp. 47-50. 1906.
(6) Additions to the wild fauna and flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew. Additional series V : Section Hemiptcra, pp. 1-6. 1906.
(7) On the life-history of Stomoxys calcitrans. Journ. Econ. Biol.,
Vol. I, pp. 157-166. 1906.
(8) Identification of Egyptian insect pests. Liv. Univ. Quart. Journ.
Inst. Commercial Res. in Tropics, Vol. I, pp. 68-71. 1906.
(9) Preliminary report on a collection of insects from the Khedival
Agricultural Society Laboratories, Cairo, Egypt. Liv. Univ. Quart,
jfourn. Inst. Commercial Res. in Tropics, Vol. I, p. 72. 1906.
(10) The weevilling of maize in West Africa. Liv. Univ. Quart. Journ.
Inst. Commercial Res. in Tropics, Vol. I, pp. 3-9. 1907.
(ii) Preliminary report on the habits, life-cycle, and breeding places of
the common house-fly {Musca domestica, Linn) as observed in the City of
Liverpool, etc. City of Liverpool. Ordered by the Health Committee to
be printed, 3 October, 1907. pp. 1-21.
(12) On the habits, life-cycle, and breeding places of the common house-
fly {Musca domestica, Linn). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 3-16.
1908.
(13) Hemiptera : Coccidae. IViss. Erg. der Schiredischen Zoologischen
Expedition nach dem Kiliman djaro, etc. Heraus. v. d. Konigl. Schwedischen
Akad. der Wissenschaften. Vol. II, Pt. 12, pp. i-io. 1908.
(14) The food of some British Birds. Suppl. tojourn. of Board of Agric,
Vol. XV, pp. 1-87. 1908.
(15) The brown scale of the gooseberry and currant. Journ. Board of
Agric, Vol. XV, pp. 195-199. 1908.
(16) On the Gum-Lac insect of Madagascar, etc. Liv. Univ. Quart.
Journ. Inst. Commercial Res. in Tropics, Vol. Ill, pp. 3-13. 1908.
(17) Scale insects and mealy bugs of Egypt. Liv. Univ. Quart. Journ.
Inst. Commercial Res. in Tropics, Vol. Ill, p. 14. 1908.
(18) On a collection of Coccidae and other insects affecting some
cultivated and wild plants in Java and in Tropical Western Africa.
Journ. Econ. Biol., Vol. Ill, pp. 32-42. 1908.
(19) Department of Economic Zoology: Report on insects affecting
coffee, rubber, etc. Liv. Univ. Quart. Journ. Inst. Commercial Res. in
Tropics, Vol. I, pp. 18-23. 1908.
(20) The structural characters of three species of Coccidae affecting
cocoa, rubber, and other plants in Western Africa. Journ. Econ. Biol.,
Vol. II, pp. 149-157. 1908.
(21) Additions to the wild fauna and flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew. VIII : Hemiptera-Homopiera, Kew. Bull, of Miscell. Information,
No. 3, pp. 122-125. 1908.
(22) On a recently discovered section of the Roman Wall at Chester.
Chester Arch. Soc. Journ., Vol. XVI, pp. 1-24. 1909.
(23) On a Roman concrete foundation (Chester). Chester Arch. Soc.
Journ., Vol. XVI, pp. 24-27. 1909. [Appendix to above.]
(24) On a palaeolithic implement found in Chester. Chester Arch. Soc.
Journ., Vol. XVI, pp. 27-29. 1909. [Appendix to above.]
87
Newstead, R .—continued.
(25) Second interim report on the house-fly, as observed in the City of
Liverpool, Oct., 1907 — Nov., 1908. City of Liverpool. Ordered by the
Health Committee to be printed, June 24, 1909. pp. 1-6.
(26) Reports of the Twenty-first Expedition of the Liverpool School of
Tropical Medicine, Jamaica, 1908-1909. Section I : Medical and economic
entomology, Part I : Ticks and other blood-sucking Arthropoda. Ann.
Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill, pp. 421-469. 1909.
(27) Some insect pests affecting cultivated plants in the West Indies.
Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc, Vol. XXXVI, pp. 53-63. 1910.
(28) Differential diagnosis of Stegomyia fasciata, with descriptions of
two nearly alUed species. Bull. Ent. Res., Vol. I, pp. 240-248. 1910.
(29) Tick and other blood-sucking Arthropoda of Jamaica. Bidl. Dept.
of Agric., Jamaica. N.S., Vol. I, pp. 147-175. 1910.
(30) On two new species of African Coccidae. Journ. of Econ. Biol.,
Vol. V, pp. 18-22. 1910.
(31) On scale insects {Coccidae) from the Uganda Protectorate. Bull.
Ent. Res., Vol. I, pp. 63-69. 1910.
(32) Some further observations on the scale insects of the Uganda
Protectorate. 5«//. £««. i?«., Vol. I, pp. 185-199. 1910.
(33) A revision of the tsetse-flies {Glossina), based on a study of the
male genital armature. Bull. Ent. Res., Vol. II, pp. 9-36. 1910.
(34) On three new species of the genus Glossina, together with a descrip-
tion of the hitherto unknown male of Glossina grossa. Bigot. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 369-375. 1910.
(35) The Papataci flies iPhlebotomus) of the Maltese Islands. Bull. Ent.
Res., Vol. II, pp. 47-48. 191 1.
(36) The Papataci flies {Phlebotomus) of the Maltese Islands. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 139-186. 191 1.
(37) Observations on African scale insects [Coccidae). Bull. Ent. Res.,
Vol. II, pp. 85-104. 191 1.
(38) On a new genus of Psyllidae from Nyasaland. Bull. Ent. Res.,
Vol. II, pp. 105-106. 191 1.
(39) On the genital armature of the males of Glossina medicorum, Austen,
and Glossina tabaniformus, Westwood. Bull. Ent. Res., Vol. II, pp.107-1 10.
1911.
(40) On a collection of Coccidae and Aleurodidae, chiefly African, in the
collection of the Berhn Zoological Museum. Mitt, aus dem Zool. Mus. in
Berlin, Vol. V, Pt. 2, pp. 155-174. 191 1.
(41) On a collection of African Coccidae, collected by Prof. Dr. L.
Schultze in South and South-West Africa. Schultze Zool. und Anthropol.
Erg. Kgl. Preuss. Akad. der Wiss. Berlin, Jena, pp. 15-23. 1912.
(42) A new tsetse-fly from British East Africa. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VI, pp. 129-130. 1912.
(43) On the characteristics of the newly-discovered tsetse-fly, Glossina
austcni, Newstead ; with descriptions on the genital armature of Glossina
Jusiplueris, Austen, and Glossina longipennis, Corti. Bull. Ent. Res.,
Vol. Ill, pp. 355-360. 1912.
(44) Notes on Phlebotomus, with descriptions of new species. Bull.
Ent. Res., Vol. Ill, pp. 361-367. 1912.
(45) A new tsetse-fly from the Congo Free State ; and the occurrence
of Glossina austeni in German East Africa. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VII, pp. 331-334. 1913.
(46) Notes on scale insects {Coccidae) : Part I. Bull. Ent. Res., Vol. IV,
pp. 67-81. 1913.
(47) Notes on scale insects {Coccidae) : Part II. Bull. Ent. Res., Vol. IV,
pp. 301-311. 1913.
(48) Phlebotomus from West Africa. Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Vol. VI,
pp. 124-126. 1913.
88
Newstead, R. — continued.
(49) Notes on Phlebotomus, with descriptions ot new species. Bull.
Ent. Res., Vol. V, pp. 179-192. 1914.
(50) Tiie Roman Cemetery in the Infirmary Field, Chester. Annals of
Arch, and Anthrop., Vol. VI, pp. 121-167. 1914.
(51) On the relationship between certain West African insects, especially
Ants, Lycaenidae and Homoptera. VI : Homoptera {Psyllidae and Coccidae),
collected in the Lagos District. Trans. Ent. Soc, London, I9i3,pp. 519-525.
1914.
(52) On the genus Phlebotomus : Part III. Bull. Ent. Res., Vol. VII,
pp. 191-192. 1916.
(53) Observations on scale insects (Coccidae) : Part III. Bull. Ent. Res.,
Vol. VII, pp. 343-380. 1917.
(54) Observations on scale insects (Coccidae) : Part IV. Bull. Ent. Res.,
Vol. VIII, pp. 1-34. 1917.
(55) Observations on scale insects (Coccidae) : Part V. Bull. Ent. Res.,
Vol. VIII, pp. 125-134. 1917.
(56) Polypneustic lobes in the larvae of tsetse-flies (Glossina) and forest-
flies (H ippoboscidae). Ann. Troi>. Med. Parasii., Vol. XII, pp. 93-107. 1918.
(57) Tsetse-flies and colonisation. In Animal Life and Human Progress,
ed. by A. Dendy, pp. 207-219. 8°., London : Constable, 1919.
(58) Observations on scale insects (Coccidae) : Part VI. Bull. Ent. Res.,
Vol. X, pp. 175-207. 1920.
[With H. F. Carter.]
(59) Descriptions of a new genus and three new species of Anopheline
mosquitoes. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 377-383. 1910.
(60) On a new genus of Culicinae from the Amazon region. Ann. Trap.
Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 553-556. 191 1.
(61) On some new species of African mosquitoes (Culicidae). Ann,
Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 233-244. 191 1.
[With T. A. Coward.]
(62) On the occurrence of Schlegel's Petrel (Oestrelata neglecta) in
Cheshire. A new British and European Bird. British Birds, Vol. II,
pp. 14-17. 1908.
[With B. F. CuMMiNGS.]
(63) On a remarkable gall-producing Psyllid from Syria. Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, Vol. XI, pp. 306-309. 1913.
[With J. B. Davey.]
(64) Royal Society's Commission on Trypanosomiasis in Nyasaland,
British Central Africa. First Preliminary Report on the Bionomics of
Glossina morsitans. Reports, S.S. Commission oj the Royal Society, No. XV,
pp. 142-157- 1914-
[With J. E. DuTTON and J. L. Todd.]
(65) Insects and other Arthropoda collected in the Congo Free State.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 1-112. 1907.
[With H. M. DuvALL.]
(66) Royal Society Grain Pests (War) Committee. Memorandum on
Acarids (Mites) occurring in stored grain and flour, pp. 1-3. 1917.
(67) Royal Society Grain Pests (War) Committee. Second Memoran-
dum (No. 4) on Acarids (Mites) occurring in stored grain and flour,
pp. i-i I. 1917.
(68) RoyalSocietyReportsof the Grain Pests (War) Committee. No. 2 :
Bionomic, morphological, and economic report on the Acarids of stored
grain and flour, pp. 1-48. 1918.
[With H. W. Thomas.]
(69) Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. Four illustrated Post
Cards. Mosquito Propaganda. North Brazilian Division. May, 1910.
(70) Mosquitoes of the Amazon Region. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. IV, pp. 141-150. 1910.
89
Newstead, R.— continued.
[With J. L. Todd.]
(71) Oa a new dermanyssid acarld found living in the lungs of monkeys
from the Upper Congo. Liv. Sch. Trap. Med., Memoir XVIII, pp. 4I-44.
1906.
[With F. C. WiLLCocKS.]
(72) Characters and general morphology of the Lebbek scale. Bull.
Ent. Rei. Vol. I, pp. 138-140. 1910.
See also Christophers (i) and Stephens (41, 42).
Nierenstein, M.
(i)The treatment of trypanosomiasis. Lancet. July 27, 1907.
(2) Observations on the acidity and alkalinity of the blood in trypanosome
infections. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 227-231. 1908.
(3) Comparative chemo-therapeutical study of atoxyl and trypanocides :
Part I. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 249-255. 1908.
(4) Comparative chemo-therapeutical study of atoxyl and trypanocides :
Part II. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 323-327. 1909.
(5) Chemical notes on atoxyl. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit, Vol. II,
PP- 329-330- 1909-
See also Breinl (13, 15) and Moore (1-4).
O'FarreU, W. R.
See Blacklock (17) and Stephens {71-73).
Porter, A.
See Fantham (14-20),
Prout, W. T.
(i) Reports of the Twenty-first Expedition of the Liverpool School of
Tropical Medicine, Jamaica, 1908-1909. Section II: Malaria, Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill, pp. 471-552. 1909.
Radcliffe, P. A. H.
(i) Supplementary notes on some animals under treatment (Trypano-
somiasis). Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XYl, -p. 6$. 1905.
Ross, E. H.
(i) On the habits of the marine mosquito {Acartomyia zammitii,
Theobald). Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Miscellanea, pp. 1-3. 1905,
Ross, Ronald.
(i) The possibiUty of extirpating malaria from certain localities by a
new method. Brit. Med. Journ. July i, 1899.
(2) An outbreak of fever attributed to mosquitoes. Brit. Med. Journ.
July 22, 1899.
(3) Life-history of the parasites of malaria. Nature, Vol, LX, pp. 322-
324. 1899. ....
(4) Beri-beri and chronic arsenical poisomng. Lancet, Vol. II, p. 1677,
1900.
(5) Some suggestions for the improvement of sanitary and medical
practice in the Tropics. Journ. Trop. Med. & Hyg., Vol. IV, pp. 45-46.
1901.
(6) First progress report of the campaign against mosquitoes in Sierra
Leone. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir V, Part I, pp. 1-22. 1901.
(7) Mosquito brigades and how to organise them. 8°., London, 1902.
(8) Some more instances of the presence of arsenic in the hair of early
cases of beri-beri. Brit. Med. Journ., Vol. ii, p. 837. 1902.
(9) Malarial fever : its cause, prevention, and treatment. Liv. Sch.
Trop. Med., Memoir I, [ist Ed., Jan., 1910.] loth Impression, June,
1902.
90
Ross, Ronald — continued.
(10) The thick-film process for the detection of organisms in the blood.
Thompson Tales Lab. Reports, Vol. V, Pt. i, pp. 1 17-118. 1903.
(11) A new parasite of man. Thompson Tates Lab. Reports, Vol. V,
Pt. 2, pp. 79-82. 1903.
(12) Photographs illustrating the parasites of malaria in a stained
dehaemoglobinised thick-film preparation. Journ. Trop. Med. & Hyg.,
Vol. VI, p. 37. 1903.
(13) An improved method for the microscopical diagnosis of intermittent
fever. Lancet. Jan. 10, 1903.
(14) Report on m.ilaria at Ism.".ilia and Suez. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
Memoir IX, pp. 1-24. 1903.
(15) The battle for health in the Tropics. Journ. Trop. Med. & Hyg.,
Vol. VII, pp. 187-188. 1904.
(16) The anti-malaria experiment at Mian Mir. Brit. Med. Journ.
Sept. 17, 1904.
(17) Researches on malaria : being the Nobel Medical Prize Lecture for
1902. la. 8°., Stockholm, 1904
la. 8°., London, 1905
trans, into Italian by Francesco Moriocco. 8°., Torino, 1905
trans, into German by Dr. Schilling. 8°., Jena, 1905
(18) An address on the logical basis of the sanitary policy of mosquito-
reduction. Brit. Med. Journ. May 13, 1905.
(19) Note on a flagellate parasite found in Cule.x fatigans. Journ. oj
Hyg., Vol. VI, pp. 96-97. 1906.
(20) Notes on the parasites of mosquitoes foimd in India between 1895
and 1899. Journ. of Hyg., Vol. VI, pp. 101-108. 1906.
(21) Malaria in Greece. Journ. Trop. Med. & Hyg., Vol. IX, p. 341.
1906.
(22) Malaria in Greece. Lancet. Nov. 17, 1906.
(23) Report on the Prevention of Malaria in Mauritius, la. 8°., London,
1908.
(24) The best anti-malarial organization for the Tropics. Malaria,
Vol. I, p. 89. 1909.
(25) The Prevention of Malaria. 8°., London : Murray, 1910.
(26) Some enumerative studies on malaria, blackwater fever, and sleeping
sickness. Trans. Soc. Trop. Med. & Hyg., Vol. IV, pp. 137-152. 19H.
(27) Malaria in Cyprus and Greece. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Vol. VII
(Sect, of Epidemiology & State Med.), pp. 107- 1 15. 1914.
(28) The Huxley Lecture on Recent Advances in Science and their
Bearing on Medicine and Surgery. Malaria and the Transmission of .
Diseases. Lancet. Nov. 7, 1914.
[With H. E. Annett and E. E. Austen.]
(29) Report of the Malaria Expedition of the Liverpool School of
Tropical Medicine and Medical Parasitology ; with supplementary reports
by G. M. Giles and R. Fielding-Ould. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir II,
pp. 1-47. 1902.
[With RUBERT BoYCE.]
(30) Note on the discovery of Trypanosoma gamhiense. Thompson Yates
Lab. Reports, Vol. V, Pt. 2, p. 85. 1903.
[With S. R. Christophers and E. L. Perry.]
(31) The spleen rate in London school children. Ind. Journ. Med. Res.,
Vol. I, pp. 385-387- I9H-
[With E. S. Edie.]
(32) Some experiments on larvicides. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. V,
PP- 385-390- 191 1-
[With R. Fielding-Ould.]
(33) Diagrams illustrating the life-history of the parasites of malaria.
Thompson Tates Lab. Reports, Vol. Ill, Pt. 2, pp. 183-188. 1901.
91
Ross, Ronald — continued.
[With E. S. Reynolds.]
(34) On a case of berl-berl possibly due to arsenic poisoning, Brit.
Med. JoiirH., Vol. ii, p. 979. 1901.
(With W. Stott.]
(35) Tables of statistical error. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. V,
PP- 347-369- 1911-
[With D. Thomson.]
(36) A case of sleeping sickness studied by precise enumerative methods :
regular periodical increase of the parasites disclosed. Proc. Roy. Soc, B,
Vol. LXXXII, pp. 411-415. 1910. Also in Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. IV, pp. 261-265. 1910.
(37) Some enumerative studies on malarial fever. Proc. Roy. Soc, B,
Vol. LXXXIII, pp. 159-173. 1910. Also in Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. IV, pp. 267-312. 1910.
(38) A case of sleeping sickness studied by precise enumerative methods:
further observations. Proc. Roy. Soc, B, Vol. LXXXIII. pp. 187-205.
1910. Also in Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 395-415. 1911.
(39) Pseudo-relapses in cases of malarial fever during continuous quinine
treatment. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 409-411. 191 1.
(40) A case of malarial fever, showing a true parasitic relapse, during
vigorous and continuous quinine treatment. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 539-543- 1912-
[With D. Thomson and G. C. E. Simpson.]
(41) A case of blackwater fever followed by a peculiar relapse without
haemoglobinuria or detectable plasmodia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. IV, pp. 307-312. 1910.
[With J. G. Thomson.]
(42) Experiments on the treatment of animals Infected with trypanosomes
by means of atoxyl, cold, X-ray's, and leucocytic extract ; enumerative
methods employed. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 487-527.
1911.
[With C. L. Williams.]
(43) Preliminary experiments on the effect of cold on various diseases
In small animals. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 225-232. 1910.
Salvin-Moore, J. E.
[With A. Breinl.]
(i) The cytology of the trypanosomes. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. I, pp. 439-480. 1907.
(2) Note on the life-cycle of the parasite of sleeping sickness. Lancet.
' May 4, 1907.
(3) The life-history of Trypanosoma equiperdum. Proc. Roy. Soc, Ser. B,
Vol. LXXX, pp. 288-298. 190S.
[With A. Breinl and E. Hindle.]
(4) The life-history of Trypanosoma lewisi. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. II, pp. 197-220. 1908.
Seldelin, H.
(i) Treatment of yellow fever cases. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. I,
PP- 55-75- i?ii-
(2) Some diflerentlal leucocyte counts In yellow fever cases. Tellow
Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. I, pp. 109-126. 1911.
(3) The diagnosis of yellow fever cases. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. I,
pp. 134-160. 1911.
(4) The post-mortem diagnosis of yellow fever. Tellow Fever Bur.
Bull., Vol. I, pp. 173-192. 191 1.
(5) The etiology of yellow fever. Tellow F*ver Bur. Bull., Vol. I,
pp. 229-258. 191 1.
92
Seidelin, H. — continued,
(6) Notes on some blood parasites in reptiles. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 371-384. 191 1.
(7) Yellow Fever Prophylaxis. Tellozu Fever Bu?. Bull., Vol. I, pp. 340-
357. 1912.
(8) Notes on some blood parasites in man and mammals. Ann. Trap.
Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 501-508. 1912.
(9) A note on the nomenclature of S.fasciata. Tellozv Fever Bur. Bull.,
Vol. I, pp. 365-366. 1912.
(10) Pappataci Fever. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. II, pp. 74-84.
1912.
(11) Leishmaniasis and babesiasls in Yucatan. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VI, pp. 295-300. 1 91 2.
(12) Report of Yellow Fever Expedition to Yucatan in 191 1-12. Tellow
Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. II, pp. 123-242. 1912.
(13) Suir etiologia dcUa febbre gialla. Malaria e Malatt. d. Paesi Caldi,
Vol. Ill, pp. 245-246. 1912.
(14) The nature and control of yellow fever. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull.,
Vol. II, pp. 255-271. 1913.
(15) Dengue — A summary. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. II, pp. 235-
358- 1913-
(16) On 'Vomiting Sickness' in Jamaica. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull.,
Vol. Ill, pp. 7-108. 1913. Also in Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII,
PP- 377-478- 1913-
(17) On the existence of 'pseudo-carriers' of the infection in yellow
fever. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. Ill, pp. 198-202. 1914.
(18) Transmission of P. fiavigenum from man to guinea-pig and from
guinea-pig to man. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. Ill, pp. 203-208. 1914.
(19) An apparatus for fumigation with cresyl. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull.,
Vol. Ill, pp. 209-213. 1914.
(20) Klossiella sp. in the kidney of a guinea-pig. Ann. Trap. Med.
Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 553-564. 1914.
(21) Experiments with salvarsan-copper in trypanosomiasis. Ann. Trap.
Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 197-200. 1915.
(22) Notes on the pathology of yellow fever in guinea-pigs. Journ.
Path. & Bact., Vol. XIX, pp. 317-320. 1915.
(23) Division forms of parasites in the organs of guinea-pigs infected
with Paraplasmaflavigenum. Journ. Path. & Bact., Vol. XIX, pp. 338-340.
1915-
(24) Intracorpuscular bodies in guinea-pigs' blood and yellow fever.
Journ. Trop. Med. & Hyg., Vol. XVIII, pp. 38-40. 1915.
(25) The histology of the liver in yellow fever. Tellow Fever Bur.
Bull, Vol. Ill, pp. 269-298. 191 5.
(26) Some notes on haematological technique. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull.,
Vol. Ill, pp. 299-309. 1915.
(27) Summary report of investigations carried out under the Commission,
Aug., 191 •? — Jan-5 1914- Tellozv Fever Bur. Bull., Suppl. II : Tellow Fever
Commission. Investigators' Reports, Vol. II, pp. 421-.126. 1915.
(28) Experimental yellow fever in laborator) anima's. Tellow Fcvei Bur.
Bull., Suppl. II : Tellozv Fever Commission, Investigators' Reports, Vol. II,
pp. 427-478. 191 5.
(29) Further report on experimental transmission of Paraplasma pavi-
genum. Tellozv Fever Bur. Bull., Suppl. II : Tellow Fever Commission,
Investigators' Reports, Vol. II, pp. 483-500. 191 5.
(30) Report on some histological lesions observed in laboratory animals
infected with yellow fever. Tellow Fever Bur. Bull., Suppl. II : Tellow
Fever Commission, Investigators' Reports, Vol. II, pp. 501-526. 1915.
93
Seidelin, H. — continued.
[With A. CONNAL.]
(31) A note on the occurrence of a Plasmodium in the blood of West
African monkeys. Anti. Trap. Med. Patasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 81-82. 1914-
(32) Experimental yellow fever in laboratory animals. Tellow Fever
Bur. Bull., Suppl. II : Tellow Fever Commission Reports, Vol. II, pp. 427-
478. 1915.
[With S. SUMMERS-CONNAL.]
(33) A simple technique for the dissection and staining of mosquitoes.
Yellow Fever Bur. Bull., Vol. Ill, pp. 193-197. 1914.
(34) Notes upon the biology of Stegomyia fasciata. Tellozo Fever Bur.
Bull., Vol. Ill, pp. 187-192. 1914.
Simpson, G. C. E.
(i) On haemoglobin metabolism in malarial fever. Ann. Trap. Med.
Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 313-323. 1910.
(2) On the quantitative estimation of urobilin in the excreta, and its
value as a measure of haemoglobin metabolism. Bio-Chem. Journ., Vol. V,
pp. 378-389- .191?-
(3) A contribution to the discussion on ' The importance of minimal
substances in diet.' Lancet. Aug. 17, 1912.
(4) On the haemolysis in malarial fever : preliminary note. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 231-233. 1912.
[With E. S. Edie.]
(5) On the relation of the organic phosphorus content of various diets
to diseases of nutrition, particularly beri-beri. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 313-345. 191 1.
(6) On the influence of preparation on various foodstuffs, particularly
rice and wheat, and its connection with disease. Brit. Med. Jourr.
June 17, igii.
(7) On haemoglobin metabolism in malarial fever, Part II : The influence
of quinine. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 443-448. 1912.
See also Edie (i), Ross (31, 40), and Thomson, D. (lo).
Sinton, J. A.
(i) Some observations on the morphology and biology of Prorcazekia
urinaria {Bodo urinarius, Hassall). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI,
pp. 245-268. 1912.
(2) Some attempts • . the cultivation of the malarial parasite by Bass's
method. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 371-373. 1912.
(3) Urriola's test for malarial infection. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VI, pp. 375-377. 1912.
See also Thomson, J. G. (5).
Smith, A. M.
(i) Measurements of and observations upon the cysts of Entamoeba
histolytica and of Entamoeba coli. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII,
pp. 27-69. 1918.
(2) A contribution to the question of the number of races in the species
Entamoeba histolytica. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 1-16.
1919.
(3) Cases of acute amoebic dysentery in asylum patients never out of
England. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 177-185. 1919.
[With J. R. Matthews.]
(4) The intestinal protozoa of non-dysenteric cases. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. X, pp. 361-390. 1917.
(5) Further records of the occurrence of intestinal protozoa in non-
dysenteric cases. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 183-193. 1917.
See also Carter (14-16), Matthews (4-7), and Yorke (29).
94
Stannus, H. S.
[With W. YoRKE.]
(i) A case of human trypanosomiasis in Nyasaland, with a note on the
pathogenic agent. Proc. Roy. Soc, B, Vol. LXXXIV. 191 1. Also in
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 443-452. 191 1.
Stephens, J. W. W.
(i) Note on the staining of bacterial flagella with silver. Thompson
Tales and Johnston Lab. Report, Vol. V, Pt. i, pp. 121-122. 1903.
(2) Blackwater Fever. Thompson Tales and Johnston Lab. Reports,
Vol. V, Pt. I, pp. 193-218. 1903.
(3) On non-flagellate typhoid bacilli. Lancet. July 2, 1904.
(4) A new haemogregarine in an African toad. Thompson Tales Lab.
Reports, Vol. VI, Pt. i, pp. 115-117. 1905.
(5) Two cases of intestinal myiasis. Thompson Tales and Johnston Lab.
Reports, Vol. VI, Pt. i, pp. 119-121. 1905.
(6) Note on the pathology of tropical ' swellings.' Thompson Tales Lab.
Reports, Vol. VI, Pt. i, pp. 123-124. 1905.
(7) Non-flagellate typhoid bacilli. Thompson Tales Lab. Reports,
Vol. VI, Pt. I, pp. 125-126. 1905.
(8) Note on the anatomy of Gastrodiscus hominis (Lewis and McConnell,
1876). Thompson Tales and Johnston Lab. Reports, Vol. VII, pp. 9-12.
1906.
(9) A note on the structure of Spirochaela dultoni. Lancet. Aug. 18,
1906.
(10) Two new human cestodes and a new linguatulid. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 549-556. 1908.
(11) Fevers in the Tropics. Med. Chronicle. Nov., 1908.
(12) A new human nematode, Strongylus gibsoni, n.sp. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 315-316. 1909.
(13) On the supposed occurrence of Filaria immitis in man. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 317-319. 1909.
(14) Observations on the booklets of Cysticcrcus cellulosae in man.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. II, pp. 391-395. 1909.
(15) The anti-malarial operations at Ismailia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 215-231. 19H.
(16) Methods for detecting sporozoites and zygotes in mosquitoes infected
with malaria. Bull. Ent. Res., Vol. II, pp. 1-8. 191 1.
(17) Discussion on yellow fever on the West Coast of Atrica. I'clloiv
Fever Bur. Bull., Vol.1, pp. 267-273. 191 1.
(18) Dcsmogonius desmogoniiis, a new species and genus of monostome
flukes. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit. ,Wo\.'W,^p^. .^()j-c,oo. 191 1.
(19) Paropisthorchis caninus, the liver fluke of the Indian pariah dog.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 1 17-128. 1912.
(20) Studies in blackwater fever. I : Statistical. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 479-507. 1913.
(21) A new malaria parasite of man. Proc. Roy. Soc, B., Vol. LXXXVII,
pp. 37S-377- 1914- Also in Anfi. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 1 19-
128. 1914.
(22) Sleeping Sickness Committee. Minutes of evidence taken by the
Departmental Committee on Sleeping Sickness. H.M. Stationery Office,
p. 263. 1914.
(23) Studies in blackwater fever. II : A schedule for recording cases
of blackwater fever. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 639-640.
1914.
(24) On the peculiar morphological appearance of a malarial parasite.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 169-172. 1915.
95
Stephens, J. W. }fl .—continued.
(25) Studies in blackwater fever. IV: Note on a case of quartan malaria
associated with blackwater fever. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX,
pp. 429-433. 1915.
(26) Studies in blackwater fever. V : The duration of haemoglobinuria.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 539-542. 1915.
(27) Studies in blackwater fever. VI : On the importance of furnishing
population statistics in connection with cases of blackwater fever. Ann.
Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. X, pp. 345-356. 1916.
[With B. Blacklock.]
(28) On the non-identity of Trypanosoma brucei (Plummer and Bradford,
1899) with the trypanosoma of the same name from the Uganda ox. Proc.
Roy. Sac, B., Vol. LXXXVI, pp. 187-191. 1913. Also in Ann. Irop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 303-308. 1913.
[With R. BoYCE.]
(29) A parasitic disease in the haddock. Thompson Tates and Johnston
Lab. Reports, Vol. V, Pt. 2, pp. 105-107. 1903.
[With S. R. Christophers.]
(30) Note on the changes in the red cell produced by the malignant
tertian parasite. Brit. Med. Journ. March 28, 1903.
(31) Summary of researches on native malaria and malarial prophylaxis ;
on blackwater fever : its nature and prophylaxis. Thompson Tates and
Johnston Lab. Reports, Vol. V, Pt. i, pp. 221-233. 1903.
(32) The Practical Study of Malaria and other Blood Parasites. 8°.,
Liverpool : University Press, 1903. 2nd ed., 1904. 3rd ed., 1908.
(33) Etude Pratique du Paludisme et des Parasites du Sang ; traduite
de 1' Anglais par Edmond Sergent et Etienne Sergent. 8°., Paris : Doin,
1906.
[With Emrys-Roberts.]
(34) Banana debris in faeces simulating tape-worm segments. Journ.
Path. & Baa., Vol. XIX, p. 486. 1915.
[With H. B. Fantham.]
(35) On the peculiar morphology of a trypanosome from a case of sleeping
sickness and the possibility of its being a new species (T. rhodesiense). Proc.
Roy. Soc, Vol. LXXXIII, pp. 28-36. 1910. Also in Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 343-350. 1910.
(36) The measurement of T. rhodesiense. Proc. Roy. Soc, Vol. LXXXV,
pp. 223-234. 1912. Also in Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 131-
142. 1912.
(37) Trypanosoma rhodesiense. Journ. Path. & Bad., Vol. XVI, p. 407.
1912.
(38) Trypanosoma rhodesiense. Brit. Med. Journ. Nov. 2, 1912.
(39) Further measurements of Trypanosoma rhodesiense and T. gambiense.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 27-39. 1913.
[With D. L. MACKINNON.]
(40) A preliminary statement on the treatment of Entamoeba histolytica
infections by ' Alcresta ipecac' Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. X, pp. 397-
410. 1917.
[With R. Newstead.]
(41) The anatomy of the proboscis of biting flies. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
Memoir XVIII, pp. 51-74. 1906.
(42) The anatomy of the proboscis of biting flies Part II : Stomoxys.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. I, pp. 169-198. 1907.
[With W. Stott.]
(43) Studies in blackwater fever. Ill : The relationship of quinine to
blackwater fever. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 201-212. 1915.
96
Stephens, J. W. W.— continued.
[With W. YoRKE, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, and C. F. Cooper.]
Studies in the Treatment of Malaria : —
(44) I : Intravenous injections of tartar emetic. Ann. Trap. Med.
Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 91-111. 1917.
(45) II : Intramuscular injections of quinine bihydrochloride in simple
tertian malaria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.., Vol. XI, pp. 1 13-126. 1917-
(46) III : Intravenous injections of quinine bihydrochloride. Ann.
Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 149-164. 1917-
(47) IV : Intramuscular injections of amylopsin and trypsin in simple
tertian malaria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 165-171. 1917.
[With W. YoRKE, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, C. F. Cooper, and H. F.
Carter.]
(48) V : Intramuscular injections of quinine alkaloid in simple tertian
malaria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 173-182. 1917.
(49) VI : Oral administration of quinine, for two consecutive days only,
in simple tertian malaria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 283-307.
1918.
(50) VII : Oral administration of quinine sulphate, daily over prolonged
periods, in simple tertian malaria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI,
PP- 309-330- 1918.
(51) VIII : Oral administration of quinine sulphate, for two consecutive
days weekly, over prolonged periods, in simple tertian malaria. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 331-358. 1918.
(52) IX : A comparison of the results of interrupted and continuous
quinine administration. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 359-363.
1918.
(53) X : Oral administration of quinine sulphate grains 120, on two
consecutive days only, in simple tertian malaria. Ann. Trop. Aled. Parasit.,
Vol. XI, pp. 417-419. 1918.
(54) XI : Oral administration of quinine sulphate grains 90, on two
consecutive days weekly, over a period of three weeks, in simple tertian
malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 421-423. 1918.
(55) XII : At what time after cessation of quinine treatment do relapses
occur in simple tertian malaria ? Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI,
pp. 425-441. 1918.
(56) XIII : Oral administration of quinine sulphate grains 90, on two
consecutive days only, in simple tertian malaria (second series). Ann.
Trop Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 71-77. 1918.
(57) XIV : Quinine bihydrochloride grains 30 intramuscularly, and
quinine hydrochloride grains 30 orally, daily for 12 days, in simple tertian
malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 197-200. 1918.
(58) XV : A factor hitherto overlooked in the estimation of the curative
value of treatments of malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII,
pp. 201-210. 1918.
(59) XVI : Intravenous injections of novarsenobillon in simple tertian
malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. 'K\\,^'p. zii-zi6. 1918.
(60) XVII : Oral administration of quinotoxin, for two consecutive
days only, in simple tertian malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol XII,
pp. 217-222. 1918.
(61) XVIII : A comparison of the value of continuous and interrupted
quinine administration in simple tertian malaria (second communication).
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 303-338. 1919.
(62) XIX : Intravenous injections of disodoluargol in simple tertian
malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 339-343. 1919-
(63) XX : Intramuscular injections of collosol manganese in simple
tertian malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 345-347. 1919.
97
Stephens, J. W. Vi .—continued .
[With W. YoRKE, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Mackie, C. F. Cooper, and
H. F. Carter.] — continued.
Studies in the Treatment of Malaria : —
(64) XXI : Arsenic in simple tertian malaria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. XII, pp. 371-402. 1919-
(65) XXII : Intramuscular injections of quinine bihydrochloride grains
15, on each of two consecutive days only, in malignant tertian malaria.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit.., Vol. XIII, pp. 63-67. 1919.
(66) XXIII : Oral administration of quinine sulphate grains 30, on each
of two consecutive days weekly, over a period of five weeks, in malignant
tertian malaria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 69-72. 1919.
(67) XXIV : The disappearance of crescents under quinine treatment.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 73-74. 1919.
(68) XXV : Arsenic in malignant tertian malaria. Ann. Trap. Med.
Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 75-81. 1919-
[With W. YoRKE, B. Blacklock, and J. W. S. Macfie.]
(69) XXVI : The action of arsenic and of quinine on quartan malaria.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 97-99. 1919-
(70) XXVII : Intravenous injections of novarsenobillon and intra-
muscular injections of quinine bihydrochloride in simple tertian malaria.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 101-108. 1919-
[With W. YoRKE, B. Blacklock, J. W. S. Macfie, and W. R. O'Farrell.]
(71) XXVIII : Quitenine hydrochloride in simple tertian malaria.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 1 17-1 18. 1919.
(72) XXIX : Oral administration of Liquor arsenicalis minims 30, daily
for 16 days, with quinine bihydrochloride grains 15 intramuscularly, on
the first and second, eighth and ninth, fifteenth and sixteenth days, in
simple tertian malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 1 19-124.
(73) XXX : At what time after cessation of quinine treatment do relapses
occur in simple tertian malaria .'' (second communication). Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 125-131. 1919.
See also Christophers (2).
Stott, W.
See Ross (34) and Stephens (43).
Taylor, M.
(i) Second progress Report of the campaign against mosquitoes in
Sierra Leone. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir V, Part II, pp. 1-13. 1902.
(2) Report on the sanitary conditions of Cape Coast Town. Liv. Sch.
Trop. Med., Memoir VIII, pp. 1-19. 1902.
Thomas, H.W.
(i) The experimental treatment of trypanosomiasis in animals. Ptoc.
Roy. Soc, Ser. B, Vol. LXXVI, pp. 589-591. 1905.
(2) The sanitary conditions and diseases prevailing in Manaos, North
Brazil, 1905-1909. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 1-55. 1910.
(3) The pathological report of a case of oesophagostomiasis in man.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 57-88. 1910.
(4) ' Mossy ' foot of the Amazon region, an infective verrucotic condition
affecting the skin of the upper and lower limbs. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. IV, pp. 95-104. 1910.
(5) Yellow Fever. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 119-139.
1910.
[With A. Breinl.]
(6) Report on trypanosomes, trypanosomiasis, and sleeping sickness.
Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XVI, pp. 1-64 and 66-94. ^9°5-
[With S. F. Linton.]
(7) A comparison of the animal reactions of the trypanosomes of Uganda
and Congo Free State Sleeping Sickness with those of Trypanosoma gam-
hiense, Dutton. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., Memoir XIII, pp. 75-86. 1904.
See also Newstead (69, 70).
G
98
Thomson, D.
(i) A research into the production, life, and death of crescents in
malignant tertian malaria, in treated and untreated cases, by an enumerative
method. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasii., Vol. V, pp. 57-81. 191 1.
(2) The leucocytes in malarial fever : a method of diagnosing malaria
long after it is apparently cured. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 83-
102. 1911.
(3) A new blood-counting pipette, for estimating the numbers of leuco-
cytes and blood parasites per cubic millimetre. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 471-478. 191 1.
(4) Further observations on the variation in the number of leucocytes and
crescents in malaria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parai/i., Vol. VI,pp. 215-221. 1912.
(5) The destruction of crescents : conclusions regarding the prevention
of malaria by the administration of quinine. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VI, pp. 223-230. 1912.
(6) Sanitation of the Panama Canal Zone, Trinidad, and British Guiana.
Trans. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., Vol. VI, pp. 183-209. 1913. Also in Ann.
T^op. Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 125-152. 1913.
(7) Preliminary note on leprosy and the bed-bug. Brit. Med. Journ.
Oct. 4,1913.
(8) Attempts to find disease germs in the European bed-bug [Cimex
lectularius) after feeding experiments in various diseases : leprosy, lymphade-
noma, carcinoma, etc. Ann. Tiop. Med. Parasit. ,Vo\.WlYl.,'p-p. 19-28. 1914.
(9) The origin and development of gametes (crescents) in malignant
tertian malaria : some observations on flagellation, etc. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 85-104. 1914.
[With G. C. E. Simpson.]
(10) Treatment of beri-beri. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI,
PP- 53-54- 1912.
See also Ross (38-41) and Thomson, J. G. (6, 7).
Thomson, J. G.
(i) Enumerative studies on T. brucei in rats and guinea-pigs, and a
comparison with T. rhodesiense and T, gambiense. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 531-536. 1911.
(2) The cultivation of Trypanosoma rhodesiense ; preliminary note.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 103-106. 1912.
[With H. B. Fantham.]
(3) The culture of Babesia {Piroplasma) canis in vitro. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. VII, pp. 621-632. 1913.
[With S. W. McLellan.]
(4) The cultivation of one generation of malarial parasites {Plasmodium
falciparum) in vitro, by Bass's method. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI,
pp. 449-462. 1912.
(5) The morphology of Trypanosoma oamliense and Trypanosoma
rhodesiense in cultures : and a comnarison with the developmental forms
described in Clossina palpalis. Ann. Tiop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VI, pp. 331-
356. 1912.
[With D. Thomson.]
(6) The cultivation of one generation of benign tertian malarial parasites
{Plasmodium vivax) in vitro, by Bass's method. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VII, pp. 153-164. 1913.
(7) The growth and sporulation of the benign and malignant tertian
malarial parasites in the culture tube and in hum.nn host. Proc. Roy. Soc.,
B, Vol. LXXXVII, pp. 77-87. 1913. Also in Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VII, pp. 509-524. 1913.
See also Fantham (21).
Tobey, E. N.
(i) The leading School ol Tropical Medicine. Popular Science Monthly.
April, 1910.
See also Dutton (16-20).
99
Todd, J. L.
(i) A means of checking the spread of 'sleeping sickness.' Lancet.
June 7, 1906.
(2) The treatment of human trypanosonuasis by atoxyl. Brit. Med,
jfouin. June, 1906.
(3) Concerning the sex and age of Africans suffering from trypano-
somiasis. .4««. Tro/>. A/f^. P(ar<?i»., Vol. VIT, pp. 309-319. 1913.
(4) The trypanosome of Gambian mice. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. VIII, pp. 469-470. 1914.
[With S. B. WOLBACH.]
(5) The diagnosis and distribution of human trypanosomiasis in the
Colony and Protectorate of the Gambia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. V, pp. 245-286. 1911.
See also Button (4-20), Moore (1-4), Newstead (65, 71).
Williams, C. L.
See Ross (42).
Williams, L. A.
[With R. S. Williams.]
(i) Attempts to cultivate Spirochaeta duttoni. Liv. Sch. Trop. Med.,
MfwozV XXI, pp. loi-i 10. 1906.
Williams, R. S.
See Williams, L. A. (i).
Wolbach, S. B.
See Todd (5).
Yorke, W.
(i) On the variation of the haemolytic complement in experimental
trypanosomiasis. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. Ill, pp. 565-579. 1910.
(2) On the pathogenicity of a trypanosome (T. rhodesiense, Stephens
and Fantham) from a case of sleeping sickness contracted in Rhodesia.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 351-368. 1910.
(3) A note on the pathology of lesions of the cornea and skin in animals
experimentally infected with T. rhodesiense. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. IV, pp. 385-394. 1911.
(4) Auto-agglutination of red blood cells in trypanosomiasis. Proc.
Roy. Soc, B, Vol. I.XXXIII, pp. 238-25S. 191 1. Also in Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. IV, pp. 529-552. 191 1.
(5) The passage of haemoglobin through the kidneys. Ann. Trop. Med.
Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 401-408. 191 1.
(6) The patholog;y of interstitial keratitis in trypanosomiasis and syphilis.
Liv. Med. Chirutg. Jonrn., Vol. XXXI. July, 1911.
(7) Report of a paper on black -vater fever read at the Tropical Section
of the British Medical Association Meeting at Birmingham. P.rit. Med.
Journ. Aug. 5, igii. Also in Lancet. Aug. 19, 191 1.
(8) Address on sleeping sickness. Med. Magazine, Vol. XXII, pp. 17-25.
(9) The relation of the big game to sleeping sickness. Journ. African
Society. Oct., 191 3.
(10) The relationship of the big game of Africa to the spread of sleeping
sickness (wth Appendix). Proc. Zool. Soc. pp. 321-337. 1913.
(11) Sleeping Sickness and big game. Brit. Med. Journ. June23, 1913.
(12) Big game and sleeping sickness versus Man and his animals. Lancet.
Jan. 3, 1914.
(13) The presence of Entamoeba histolytica and E. coli cysts in people
who have not been out of England. Trans. Soc. Trop. Med. & Hyg.,
Vol. XI, pp. 291-294. 1918.
(14) Amoebic dysentery in England. Brit. Med. Journ. April 3, 1919.
(15) On human trypanosomiasis in Peru. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
Vol. XIII, pp. 459-460. 1920.
lOO
Yorke, W. — continued.
[With B. Blacklock-.]
(i6) The trypanosomes found in two horses naturally infected in the
Gambia. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. Y, pp. ^i2-4-2-^- 19U.
(17) A note on the morphology ot a strain of Trypanosoma equiperdum.
Brit. Med. Journ. Aug. 31, iqiz.
(18) The differentiation of the more important mammalian trypanosomes.
Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 1-12. 1914.
(19) Observations on a so-called cure for trypanosomiasis. Ann. Trap.
Med. Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 51-53. 1914.
(20) Antimony trioxide in the treatment of experimental trypanosomiasis.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. VIII, pp. 55-72. 1914.
(21) The identity of T. rhodesicnse with the trypanosome of the same
appearance found in game. Brit. Med. Journ. June 6, 1914.
(22) Notes on the bionomics of Glossina palpalis in Sierra Leone, with
special reference to its pupal habitats. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol.
IX, pp. 349-362. 191 5.
(23) Food of Glossina palpalis in the Cape Lighthouse Peninsula, Sierra
Leone. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 363-380. 191 5.
(24) The reservoir of the human trypanosome in Sierra Leone. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 383-390. 1915.
(25) Notes on certain animal parasites of domestic stock in Sierra Leone.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. IX, pp. 413-420. 1015.
(26) Ankylostomiasis in dogs in Sierra Leone. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit.,
VoL IX, pp. 425-427. 1915.
(27) The occurrence of Ankylostoma ceylanicum in West African dogs.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 69-74. 1917.
(28) Observations on the periodicity of Microfilaria nocturna. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 127-148. 1917.
[With H. F. Carter, D. L. Mackinnon, J. R. Matthews, and A. M. Smith.]
(29) Persons who have never been out of Great Britain as carriers of
Entamoeba histolytica. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XT, pp. 87-90.
1917.
[With J. W. S. Macitie.)
(30) StrongylidaeinWovscfi. I: Cylicostomum longibursat ion, Bp.n. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 399-404. 1918.
(31) Strongylidae in Horses. II : Cylicostomum minutum, sp. n. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 405-409. 1918.
(32) Strongylidae in Horses. Ill : Cylicostomum nassatum, Looss, var.
parvum. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XI, pp. 411-416. 1918.
(33) Strongylidae in Horses. IV : Gyalocephalus capitatus, Looss. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 79-90. 1918.
(34) Strongylidae in Horses. V : Gyalocephalus equi, sp. n. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 91-92. 1918.
(35) Strongylidae )n Honas. VI: Cylicostomum pseudo-catinatum,%p. n.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XII, pp. 273-278. 1919.
(36) Strongylidae mHonti. VII: Cylicostomum pateratum, sp. n. Ann.
Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII, pp. 57-62. 1919.
(37) Strongylidae in Horses. VIII : Species found in American horses.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit. Vol. XIII pp. 137143. 1919.
(38) The phagocytosis of erythrocytes by an Amoeba of the Lima.v type.
Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIII. pp. 133-135. 1919-
[With R. W. Nauss.]
(39) The mechanism of the production of suppression of urine in
blackwatcr fever. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. V, pp. 287-312. 191 1.
[With T. Southwell.]
(40) Crossocephalus viviparus. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Vol. XIV,
pp. 127-133. 1920.
See also Barratt (3-8), Blacklock (18-20), Kinghorn (6-13), Macfie (2),
Nauss (i), Stannus (i), and Stephens (44-73).
lOI
APPENDIX IV
The following have obtained the Diploma in Tropical
Medicine of the University of Liverpool :^
DIPLOMA IN TROPICAL MEDICINE
Date of
Diploma
1904 Augustine, Henry Joshua
1904 Bennett, Arthur King
1904 Bruce, WilUam James
1904 Byrne, John Scott
1904 Clayton, Thomas Morrison
1904 Dalziel, John McEwen
1904 Dee, Peter
1904 Greenidge, OHver Campbell
1904 Hehir, Patrick
1904 Khan, Saiduzzafor
1904 Laurie, Robert
1904 Maclurkin, Alfred Robert
1904 McConnell, Robert Ernest
1904 Nicholson, James Edward
1904 Phihpson, Nicholas
1904 Sharman, Eric Harding
1904 Thomson, Frank Wyville
1904 Walker, George Francis Clegg
1905 Anderson, Catherine ElmsHe
1905 Brown, Alexander
1905 Caldwell, Thomas Cathcart
1905 Critien, AttiHo
1905 Hooton, Alfred
1905 Hudson, Charles Tilson
1905 Illington, Edmund Moritz
1905 Macfarlane, Robert Maxwell
1905 Maddock, Edward Cecil Gordon
1905 Moore, James Jackson
1905 Nightingale, Samuel Shore
1905 Radchfle, Percy Alexander Hurst
1905 Young, John Cameron
1906 Adie, Joseph Rosamond
1906 Arnold, Frank Arthur
1906 Bate, John Brabant
1906 Bennetts, Harold Graves
1906 Carter, Robert Markham
1906 Chisholm, James Alexander
1906 Clements, Robert William
1906 Dundas, James
1906 Faichnie, Norman
1906 Jeffreys, Herbert Castleman
1906 Mackenzie, Donald Francis
1906 Pailthorpe, Mary Elizabeth
3906 Palmer, Harold Thornbury
Date of
Diploma
1906 Pearse, Albert
1906 Sampey, Alexander William
1906 Smithson, Arthur Ernest
1906 Taylor, Joseph van Someron
1906 Taylor, Wilham Irwin
1906 Tynan, Edward Joseph
1906 Watson, Cecil Francis
1906 Willcocks, Roger Durant
1906 WLlUamson, George Alexander
1907 Allan, Alexander Smith
1907 Allwood, James Aldred
1907 Bond, Ashton
1907 Branch, Stanley
1907 CoUinson, Walter Julius
1907 Davey, John Bernard
1907 Donaldson. Anson Scott
1907 Fell, Matthew Henry Gregson
1907 Gann, Thomas William Francis
1907 Graham, Thomas WiUiam Francis
1907 Graham, James Drummond
1907 Hiscock, Robert Carroll
1907 Keane, Joseph Gerald
1907 Kennan, Richard Henry
1907 Kenrick, WilUam Hamilton
1907 Le Fanu, George Ernest Hugh
1907 Mackey, Charles
1907 Maddox, Ralph Henry
1907 McCarthy, John McDonald
1907 Raikes, Cuthbert Taunton
1907 Ryan, Joseph Charles
1907 Vallance, Hugh
1908 Caverhill, Austin Mack
1908 Crawford, Gilbert Stewart
1908 Dalai, Kaikhusroo Rustomji
1908 Dansey-Browning, George
1908 Davidson, James
1908 Dickson, John Rhodes
1908 Dowdall, Arthur Melville
1908 Glover, Henry Joseph
1908 Greaves, Francis Wood
1908 Goodbody, Cecil Maurice
1908 Harrison, James Herbert Hugh
1908 Joshi, Lemuel Lucas
1908 Le Fanu, Cecil Vivian
102
Date of
Diploma
908 Luethgen, Carl Wilhelm Ludwig
908 Mama, Jamshcd Byramji
908 McCay, Frederick William
908 McLellan, Samuel Wilson
908 Pearce, Charles Ross
908 Schoorel, Alexander Frederik
908 Smith, John Macgregor
908 Stewart, George Edward
908 Tate, Gerald William
908 Whyte, Robert
909 Abercrombie, Rudolph George
909 Allin, John Richard Percy
909 Armstrong, Edward Randolph
909 Barrow, Harold Percy Waller
909 Beatty, Guy
909 Carr-White, Percy
909 Chevallier, Claude Lionel
909 Clark, William Scott
909 Cope, Ricardo
909 Fleming, William
909 Hanschell, Hother McCormIck
909 Hayward, William Davey
909 Henry, Sydney Alexander
909 Innes, Francis Alexander
909 Jackson, Arthur Frame
909 Kara, Sorabji Manekji
909 McCabe-Dallas, Alfred Alexander
Donald
909 Meldrum, William Percy
909 Murphy, John CulUnan
909 Samuel, Mysore Gnananandaraju
909 Shroff, Kawasjee Byramjee
909 Thornely, Michael Harris
909 Turkhud, Violet Ackroyd
909 Webb, William Spinks
909 Yen, Fu-Chun
910 Brabazon, Edward
910 Castellino, Louis
910 Caulcrick, James Akilade
910 Dowden, Richard
910 Haigh, William Edwin
910 Hamilton, Henry Fleming
910 Hefferman, William St. Michael
910 Hipwell, Abraham
910 Homer, Jonathan
910 Houston, William Mitchell
910 James, William Robert Wallace
910 Johnstone, David Patrick
910 Korke, Vishnu Tatyaji
910 Macdonald, Angus Graham
910 Mncfie, John Wm. Scott
910 Manuk, Mack Walter
910 Murison, Cecil Charles
Date of
Diploma
910 Nanavati, Kishavlal Balabhai
910 Nauss, Ralph Welty
910 Oakley, Phihp Douglas
910 Pratt. Ishmael Charles
910 Sabastian, Thiruchelvam
910 Shaw, Hugh Thomas
910 Sieger, Edward Louis
910 Sousa, Pascal John de
910 Souza, Antonio Bernardo de
910 Watc>rhouse, John Howard
910 White. Maurice Forbes
911 Blacklock, Breadalbane
911 Brown, Frederick Forrest
911 Chand, Diwan Jai
911 Holmes, John Morgan
911 levers, Charles Langley
911 lies, Charles Cochrane
911 Ingram, Alexander
911 Kirkwood, Thomas
911 Knowles, Benjamin
911 Liddle, George Marcus Berkeley
911 Lomas, Emanuel Kenworthy
911 Mackarell, William Wright
911 MacKnight, Dundas Simpson
911 Mascarenhas, Joseph Victor
911 Murray, Ronald Roderick
911 Oluwole, Akidiya Ladapo
911 Rao, Koka Ahobala
911 Sinton, John Alexander
911 Tarapurvalla, Byramji Shavakshah
911 Taylor, John Archibald
911 Woods, WiUiam Medlicott
912 Aeria, Joseph Reginald
912 Anderson, Edmund Litchfield
912 Borle, James
912 Bowie, John Tait
912 Brassey, Laurence Percival
912 Christie, David
912 Dillon, Henry de Courcy
912 Dunn, Lillie Eleanor
gi2 Hardwicke, Charles
912 Jagose, Jamshed Rustomji
912 Kochhar, Mela Ram
912 McGusty, Victor William Tighe
912 Milne, Arthur James
912 Mitra, Manmatha Nath
912 Myles, Charles Duncan
912 Pelly, Huntly Nevins
912 Prasad, Bindeshwarl
912 Prentice, George
912 Ross, Frank
912 Russell, Alexander James Hutchison
912 Ruthven, Morton Wood
I03
Date
'/
DaU
Diploma
Diplo
1912
Sandilands, John
1914
1912
Seddon, Harold
1914
1912
Smalley, James
1914
1912
Strickland, Percy Charles Hutchison
1914
1912
Watson, William Russel
1914
1914
•913
Austin, Charles Miller
19U
1913
Banker, Shiavux Sorabji
1913
Becker, Johann Gerhardus
1915
1913
Carrasco, Milton
191S
1913
Clark, James McKillican
1915
1913
Forsyth, Charles
1915
1913
Grahame, Malcom Claude Russell
191S
1913
Grieve, Kelburne King
1913
Hargreaves, Alfred Ridley
1916
1913
Hepper, Evelyn Charles
1916
1913
Hiranand, Pandit
1916
1913
Jackson, Oswald Egbert
1916
1913
Khaw, Ignatius Oo Kek
1916
1913
MacKelvie, Maxwell
1916
1913
MacKinnon, John MacPhail
1916
1913
Macmillan, Robert James Alan
1913
Mouat-Biggs, Charles Edward
1917
Forbes
1917
1913
Noronha, John Carmel
1917
1913
O'Connor, Edward
1913
Olubomi-Beckley, Emanuel
1918
1913
Pestonji, Ardeshir Behramshah
1913
Puttanna, Dodballapur Sivappa
1919
1913
Reford, John Hope
1919
1913
Smith, Edward Arthur
1919
1913
Stewart, Samuel Dudley
1919
1913
Walker, Frederick Dearden
1919
1913
Wilbe, Ernest Edward
1919
1913
Wilson, Hubert Francis
1919
i9>3
Yin, Ulg Ba
1919
191 3
Young, William Alexander
1919
1914
Arculli, Hassan el
1919
1919
1914
Chohan, Noormahoraed Kasembha
1919
1914
Connell, Harry Betram
1919
1914
Gerrard, Herbert Shaw
1919
1914
Gimi, Hirji Dorabji
1919
1914
Gwynne, Joseph Robert
1919
1914
Hodkinson, Samuel Paterson
1914
Jackson, Arthur Ivan
1920
1914
Kaushash, Ram Chander
1920
1914
Kelsall, Charles
1920
1914
Luanco y Cuenca, Maximino
1920
1914
Misbah, Abdul-Ghani Naguib
1920
1914
Naidu, Bangalore Pasupulati
1920
Balakrishna
1920
Rowe, John Joseph Stephen
Roy, Raghu Nath
Shiveshwarkar, Ramchandra Vishnu
Sur, Sachindra Nath
Talati, Dadabhai Cursedji
Wilkinson, Arthur Geden
Wright, Ernest Jenner
Lobo, John Francis
Madhok, Gopal Dass
Pearson, George Howorth
Swami, Karumuri Virabhadra
Wood, John
Barseghian, Mesroob
Chaliha, Lakshmi Prasad
Lim, Albert Liat Juay
Lim, Harold Liat Hin
Metzger, George Nathaniel
Soderstrom, Erik Daniel
Wheeler, Louis
Chapman, Herbert Owen
Krishnamoorthy, Yedatore Venkoba
Lipkin, Isaac Jacob
Watts, Rattan Claud
Bowie-Evans, Charles Harford
Burnie, Robert McColl
Celestin, Louis Abel
Cummings, Eustace Henry Taylor
Darling, Georgina Renington
Drake, Joan Margaret Fraser
Eraser, WiUiam James
Gordon, Rupert Montgomery
Krige, Christian Frederick
Maplestone, Phihp Alan
Oluwole, Isaac Ladipo
Rustomjee, Khusshuyee Jamesidjee
Sawers, William Campbell
Thompson, Mary Georgina
Turner, Gladys Maude
Young, Charles James
Anderson, WiUiam Jenkins Webb
Cobb, Charles Eric
Cobb, Enid Margaret Mary
Fernandez, Daniel David
O Farrell, Patrick Theodore Joseph
Reimer, Edward Awunor
Vaughan, James Churchwill
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