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The  London  Magazine,  Or, 

Gen tleman  's  Mon thly  In telligencer  ^ 


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PREFACE. 


^GREEABLE  to  our  pUafing  proJ^eQs^  at  the  elofi of  the  lafi ytar^ 
^^l  the  uetejfaries^  ofljfi  are^  In  the  bleffing  of  a  plentiful  barveft,  ho<w  greatly 
raiMced  in  price,  and  bread,  thejiaffoflife,  mttf  be  procured  at  a  reafon- 
Me  rate.  *Tbis  bappinefs  nije  primarih  are  indebted  for  to  benign  Prowdence^  e*ver 
'voaiebftd  o*uer  the  di^effes  of  mankind ;  andfecondariiy,  to  the  nvife  provi/ons  made' 
^  parliament,  particularly  in  continuing  the  prohibition  of  the  exportation  efeom. 
We  ijuift  njoe  could  congratu!at/e  our  readers,  alfo,  upon  the  public  fpirit  of  the  peopU 
in  general,  and  their  co-operating  *witb  the  ivtfe  care  of  the  government ',  but  fucb 
a  fe^ifb  rapacity  reigns  flill  amongft  the  dealers  in  provifions,  that  engrojfers  and 
forefie^Hirs,  as  much  as  pojfible,  continue  Jo  countera^  all  the  meafures  of  admini" 
Jlraiion,  and  to  create  an  artificial  fcarcity :  This  is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  fatal  con^ 
Jjeqnaces  ofburdinfome  and  opprejfive  taxes, '  ivbich  *we  have  little  proJpe£l  of  fee^ 
img  reduced:  For  individuals  endeavour  to'  make  themfelves  amends  by  preying 
upon  one  another ;  and  in  no  time  have  the  arts  and  chicanery  of  trade  been  more 
fredeminaat  than  at  j>refent :  But  let  us  hope,  that  tbe,dijffipation,  corruption,  ana 
frofiigacf  of  the  people,  twill  receive  fame  check,  and  that  ive  may  become  more 
mod  mve  the  favourites  of  heaven. 

ne  enemies  of  liberty  have  been  but  too  fuccefsful  in  the  late  year :  Our  colenie 
lave,  hitherto,  in  vain,  held  out  their  fitpplicating  bands  for  redrefs  j  emd  the 
irave  Corficans,  'lubo  havefo  many  years  firuggled fir  freedom,  feem  abandoned  to 
Gallic  tyranny ;  abandoned  by  all  tbofe  powers  vfho  have  heretofore  been  the  gene* 
reus  fupporters  rf  the  natural  rights  of  mankind:  But  they  have  hitherto  nobly 
rejeBed  their  chains,  and,  if  e^ffifiance  is  net  too  long  delayed,  may  yet  difappoint 
tbe  fchemes  to  injlave  them.  As  to  the  Americans,  their  grievances  are  before  an 
mJfenMy,  ivhich  has  already,  in  many  iaftances,  proved  aufpicious  to  the  caufe  of 
liberty ;  and.vse  have  no  reafon  to  doubt  v;ill  be  thoroughly  co^Jidered,  and,  finally^ 
feace  astd  bappinefs  refloredto  that  extenfive  continent,  ^his  nue  have  ftill  the 
mtore  reafon  to  exheQ,  as  our  gracious  foverei^  is  remarkably  the  friend  of  man^ 
kind,  and  the  fatter  of  all  his  people,  and  iutU  not  long  fuffer  arbitrary  cruelty^ 
and uncotiftitutional  eppr^ffiou :  To  kirn  <'  Liberty  (fee  the  Frontispiece)  ceumot 
nvith  improprie^  appeal  i  nor  the  jaded  American  and  the  barreled.  Corfican  bend 
bvoly  for  [upport  :^^See  the  augufl  monarch  attends  with  commiferation  to  their 
eomflaints,  amd  pity*  when  he  feelt  it*  is  redrefs.^ 

ITe  beg  leave,  at  the  clofi  of  this  our  tbirty-feventh  volume,  to  reiterate  our 
mtksioivudgments  to  tbepubuc  in  general,  and  to  our  learned  and  ingenious  corre* 
fpondesets,  in  particular,  for  the  continuance  of  their  favour,  tvhich  vjedaify  exte* 
riemce  in  our  increetfedfuccefsm  On  our  parts  v/e  fwill  never  Jlacken  in  our  endea^ 
vomrs,  to  inform,  and  to  entertain  eur  readers  j  to  render  the  Lo  N  do  N  Mao  azi  n  s 
H>e  m^fasibfid  rep^tory  of  the  Literature,  the  Bt^mtfsp  and  the  Politics  <if  the 
times  vJt  live  in. 


7GG581 

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<L>  *m    cS  CD  •  SS  %S  SS  Ss  S>  ^S  Sf  •  °°  4fi  ^X  ^S  ^S  ^S  ^S  ^2.    ^X  H  <S  ^S  %S  49  mS 


GEORGE    2?. 

WHEREAS  Our  tnifty  and  well-beloved  Richard  Baldwin,  of  PaUr* 
no/fgr^Roiv,  in  Our  City  of  London,  Bookreller,  hath,  by  his  Petition 
humbly  reprefentid  unto  Vs,  that  he  is  the  Proprietor  of  a  Work  that  it  pub* 
liibed  monthly,  entitled. 

The    LONDON    MAGAZINE. 

f  n  which  is  contained  ny^ny  original  Pieces,  that  were  never  before  printed  {  and 
that  he  is  at  a  great  expence  in  paying  Authors  for  their  Labours  in  writing  and 
compiling  the  faid  Work,  which  har  been  publiAied  once  a  Month  for  near 
Thirty  Years  paft,  and  hath  met  with  great  approbation  from  the  pttblick.  m 
That  he  is  now  publiAiing  therein 

An  Impartial  and  Succinft  HistORY  of  the  Origin  and 
Progrefs  of  the  Present  W  A  R, 

To  be  illuftrated  with  many  Maps  and  Charts,  which  hath  already  been  fo  well 
received,  as  to  induce  feveral  perfons  to  reprint  it  in  other  periodical  Publica- 
tions }  and  being  defuousof  reaping  the  Fruits  of  his  very  great  Expence  and 
X,abour,  in  the  Profecution  of  this  Work,  and  enjoying  the  full  Profit  and  Be- 
nefit that  may  arife  from  printing  and  vending  the  fame,  without  any  other  Per- 
fon  interfering  in  his  ]\\i{  Property,  he  moft  humbly  prays  Us,  to  grant  hina 
Our  Royal  Licence  and  Prorc^ion,  for  the  fole  printing,  publifliing,  and  vend* 
ing  the  faid  Work.  And  We  do,  ihercfore,  by  thefe  Prefents,  fo  far  as  may 
be  agreeable  to  the  Statute  in  tbat  cafe  made  and  provided,  grant  unto  him,  the 
feid  Richard  BaUwin,  his  Executors,  Adminiftratoiii,  and  Afligns,  our  Licence 
for  the  fole  printing,  publifliing,  and  vending  the  faid  Work,  for  the.  term  of 
Fourteen  Years,  ftriaiy  forbidding  all  Our  Subjeas,  within  Our  Kingdomt 
and  Dominions,  to  reprint,  abridge,  or,,  publifh  the  fame,  either  in  the  like  or 
any  other  Volume,  or  Volumes  whatfoever,  or  to  import,  buy,  vend,,  utter,  or 
^liitribute,  any  copies  thereof,  reprinted  beyond  the  Seas,  during  the  aforefaid 
Term  of  Fourteen  Years,  without  the  Confent  and  approbation  of  the  faid 
Richard  Baldwin,  his  Heirs,  Executors,  or  AflTigns,  under  their  Hamls  and 
Seals  firft  had  and  obtained,  as  they  will  anfwer  the  contrary  at  their  Perils* 
Whereof,  the  Commiffioocrs,  and  other  Officers  of  Our  Cuftoms,  the  Maftcr^, 
Wardens,  and  Company  of  Stationers,  arc  to  take  Notice,  That  due  Obedience 
may  be  rendered  to  Our  Will  and'  Pleafure  herein  declared.  Given  at  Our 
Court  at  j&;?/&r^/ff;r,  the  23d  Ds^y  of  O^^A^,  1759,  in  the  Thirty-Third  Year 
af  Our  Reign. 

Bj  His  Majesty's  Command. 

W.    P  I  T  T* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


The  London  Magazine. 


gentleman's  Monthly  Intelligencer; 
For     JANUARY,     1768. 


Cavfat  agaiofi  EnChufiafm  3 

S'-fiftire  on  Eph.  ii.  3.  4 

AiirclV  to  the  Liver/  of  London*-  5 

Sh^n  Aczijunt  of  Fi/fi  Delua y     7  6 

II!  Fortune  of  Mirccllus  '.  7 

The  Col'jberCcraftes  defcrlbed      ;  8 

The  Hiftory  of  the  U\\  Se.lion  of  Parlia- 

tocnr,  &c.  &c.  ^  '9  —  14 

Proceedings  on  Eifl-'nui  Affairs  i^  ^fefi 
Lite  Changes    in    the    Miniflfy    iccounted 

for  14 

AaotJber  letter  from  Roufleau  15 

Cafe  of  a  fradured  Rib  and  a  remarkable 

Etnphyfema  ^        17 

Letter  from    Huxham   on  emphyfematous 

Cajfes  18 

Accoant  of  the    late   Eruption  of   Mount 

Vcfnvius  ih. — 20 

Viftity  and  Folly  of  the  French  fatiri zed  ai 
Oiiious  Particulars  in  Regard  to  the  Arikia?, 

LikeaciTcs  of  Perfons  7  2 

Hamourous  Propof^l  for  new  Improvem.  aj 
Charaftcr  of  the  Parliament  of  16  ^i  24 
Account  of  the  Attempt  for  feizing  the  five 


ibid. 

26 
27 
28 
»9 


Mfmbets 
An  intcrcfling  Letter 
Self-mait  modern  Philofophcri 
Over-bcariivg  i»f  Infidelity 
Tke  Friends  of  Religion  pointed  Out 
iUl«  for  ihc  Clergy  to  Temporize 

With  a  fine  Reprcfcntation  of  the    ; 
Coluber  Cerastes,  another  of  the  Double  Horns  of  the  Rhinoceros, 

AND 

The  Fourth  Part  of  the  Plan  of  the  Road  from  London  to  Bir.wicK, 

All  beautifully  engraved  on  Copper. 


Dcfcription  of  Holkam  Houfe  30 — 33 

CoHTcnient  Apartments  3a 

Paintings  at  Holkam  33 

A  b.ife  and  barbarou<t  Stratagem  34 

Add  e(s   to    the    Elcflorl  of    Norfolk    and 
Norwich  35  —  37 

Scheme  to  prevent  the  begging  of  Servants 
at  Public  Inns  33 

A  curious  Quer)'  39 

Addreflcs  of  ch:*  Manufnilurcrs  ibid. 

Of  the  douMe  Horns  ^f  the  Rhinoceros   40 
Anecdotes  of  Luca  Jordano  41 

An  impartial  Revic'-v  of  new  Publications 

42-48 
Makarony  Fables  43 

Macpherfon*i  critical  Diffcrtationi  44 

An  ElTay  upon  Prints  45 

Warner  on  the  Gout  47 

Ingram  oa  the  fame  ibid. 

Poetical   Essays  48 

A  new  Song  fee  to  Mufic  49 

Story  of  Falfe  Delicacy,  a  Comedy  $t 

The   Monthly  Chronot-oger  5*" 

Marriage?  anti  Birth;:  j  Deaths  54 

Ecckfiaftical  Prcfcrm^ius  i^>id. 

Promotions  Civil  and  Military  ibid. 

Bankriiptsj    Co^rfc  of  Exchange  55 

FoRUGN  ArtAJlR^  ibid. 

Monthly  Catalogue  of  B«oks  ibid. 

Stocks,   Grjin  j  Wind  and  Weather  2 


LONDON:    Printed  for  R.  Baldwin,    at  No.   47,    in   Pater-nofter  Row; 
Of  whom  maybe  had,  compleat  Sets,  from  the  Year  1731,  to  this  Time,  neatly  bound  er 
ftitcbed,    or  a«y  iingle  Month  to  compleat  Sets. 


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r#  Oe  AXTTHOR  rf  tbi  LONDON 
MAGAZINE, 
SIR, 
T«c  fM^MmifrwhrnUUv,  Ephef.  vi.  it. 

[  Late  refolnti^n  taken 
ih  order  toafcertain 
the  'ftrength'  of  the 
Roman  catholic  in- 
tereft  In  this  king- 
dom, apptart  to  be 
▼ciy  generally  .ap- 
profed  {     at    baing 
likely  to  produce  (uch  an  cxerdon  of  ^ 
hi^thre  authority,  at  may  be  found 
expedient  to  check  ita  growth  amongft 
m :.  and  cftfhially  to  iectu'e  the  peace . 
oT  the)irbt^ftant  eftabKfliment  againft 
httvTc  adnoymae  from  thit  quarter. 
S?ef7  ivell*wifter  to  thit  tountry  muft 
indeed  rq<Hee  ta  fee  the  day  on  which 
tnesibret  fo  ialotary  are  enafted,  who 
inf  ever  taken  a  View  of  the  dreadful 
caiamitici  formoly  brought  upon  itt 
Inbabitantt,  when  m  a  comforfable  and 
Innocent  enfoymeHt  of  their  iimldable 
and  dear  bought  religion  and   laws, 
luTe  had  crverdeftruoton  levelled  sit 
both,  and  their  pcrfofit  either  treacher- 
oufiy  a£iffioated,  or  barbaroufly  raaffi- 
ered,  and  all  this  by  the  baneful  inrflu- 
ence  of  bigotry,   and  fuperflitfon,   a 
mifguided     and     intemperafe     zeal  j 
founded  on^oiieout  principles  (  im- 
prcflcd    by    early    inculcation  3    and 
rooted  by  obtinateprofeflion.    But— » 
can  planfibie  pretenlibnt  to  hrtStlty-^ 
fevourite  aad  amoiing  notions  taken  up 
at  ^leafura,  and  occafionally  Quitted-^ 
be  allowed    by   unj^ejudiced  '  reafbia 
Ibficient  to    warrant,    6r  excufe  the 
commtflion  of  grofr  abAirditiet,  and  fr-' 
regularhiet,   and  manifeft   riohtiOns 
of  the  mod  facred  laws  of  God  and  na- 
fbre  ?— >The  dangerous  confequences  of 
fkk  tenets,. and  the  Micy  of  thofe 
argnmantf  ufed  in  defence  of  them, 
bMf  10  obftoui,  tbey  at  once  ftahd 
Jan.  f  761. 


expofed  and  (elf  condemned.    Never* 
thelefa  I  fee  with  ttiC  utmoll  concern 
many  of  my    weU    meaning  country 
men  eagerly  fwallow  down  ibefe,  iJrtd 
other  ftrange  conceits  if  poflible  mote 
inconftftent  and  romantic :  and  though 
EofpeJ  light  (hints  with    a    meridian 
brightaelt  on  this  happy  land,   tb^y 
fuft'er  themfelves  to  be  deluded  by  the 
ignis  fatuutof  enthaAaffn,  and  wantoi^- 
ly  negled  tnole  peculiar  blc/Hn^s  whidi 
'the  bift  formed  conRitution,  and  moft 
reafonable  and  (criptural   fcheme    of 
-  filth  thit  day  in  the  woHd,  do  afford 
them )  adopt  and  eacourage  opiniorit 
and  pradiies  that  have  a  dire&  ten* 
dency  to  the  fobverfion  of  both,  and 
have  already  involved  both  in  the  moft 
imminent  danger,   and  dlltrefs.     To 
prove  thit  adertion  we  need  only  refer 
to  the  dark  annals  of  the  grand  rebels- 
lion,  which  contain  glaring  inftancea 
of  the  moft  abominable  and  pernicioua 
confequences    of  fanaticism:   in  that 
(hocking  feeno,  the  blackeft  charadlera 
were  performed  by  men  of  this  (lamp* 
The  like  has  operated    very'  alarm- 
ingly in  later  and  different  periods : 
And  in  the  prefent  ase  has  proved  fatal 
to  many  '  indhri'duats.     Wt  not  only 
fee  it  often  afford  to  man  of  the  moft 
corrupt  principles  an  opportunity    of 
ficrificlng  the  property,  triench,  inno- 
cence, and  eveiy  dear  pofTeflion  of  tho(a 
#ho  are  unhappily  betrayed  by  thit 
£uanioa)  artifice,  to  their  luft  and  ava-^ 
rice )  but  have  recent  inltancetf  of  no- 
loriou«  vices  being  openly  pra£H fed, 
and   impioufly  vhidicated,    by    thefe 
wolves  i»  (heep*s  cldathiog  j  nay  to  fo 
(bgrant    a   lieight  have  they  carried 
their  outrage  aguinft  all  virtue,  decency, 
and  common  lenfe,  as  t6  recomnlend 
the  fame  extra  vagrancies  to  rheir  fol- 
lowers:    Some    of   whom    I  believe 
indeed  unchargable    with  purfuits  fo 
bate  and   abandoned  j  but  being  once 
(educed  by  artful  indAuations,  favour, 
A  a  ing 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Addrefs  to  the  Liverymin 


'ng  a  natural  predominancy  of  pride, 
▼anity,  or  caprice,  fall  in  with  this 
egregious  fraternity,  and  if  not  able 
to  undergo  the  violent  operation  of 
tiie  ipfaiible.  fpunge  (which  they  will^ 
perfuade  one  wipes  o(F  the  deepeft 
ftrains  of  gilt  at  a  ftroke)  are  frequent- 
ly vied  to  great  excelTcs,  or  fall  into  the 
dreadful  cataftrophc  of  fuicidc,  or  a 
S^dlam. 

Where  this  contagious  evil  will  end 
Is  uncertain,  it  is  in  its  nature  evident* 
ly  deftryfiive  to  law,  reafoni  and  re- 
ligion. I  would  therefore  earne&ly  re- 
conimend  to  thofe  who  aie.  yet  un- 
tainted with  the  poi(bnous  infe^Ionof 
romance  and  enthufiarm,  and  to  others 
|iot  totally  involved  in  this  beguiling 
mid  of  the  old  ferpent's,  ferio ufly  to 
confider,  how  we  make  wiy  for  him, 
by  creating  divifions  in  a  communion 
that  imparts  every  means  of  falvation, 
that  either  reafon  or  revelation  can.dif- 
pover.  And  if  any  one  fancies  him* 
ftlf  actuated  by  a  degree  of  f^ith  and 
grace  Aipcrior  to  what  he  imagines  in 
the  reft  of  mankind^  let  him  n^ahifeft 
jt  b^  fuitable  good  woiks. 

The  unity  of  the  church  of  Chrift 
is  itsfureil  fupport,  and  a  fmcerely  pious 
.endeavour  tQ  prompte  that  important 
.end,  by  an  uniform  and  confident  f^ith 
iind  praflife,  the  peculiar  charadUriftic 
pi  the  friend  of  God  and  man :  This 
}8  the  criterion  that  diftinguiihes  the 
good.man  from  the  bad,  and  the  true 
f  briilian  from  the  hypocrite. 

lam,  fir, 
T«wKe{bury,  Your's 

,    Jan.ii>)76S.       A.MI.  Ver.  ViRt. 

tp  the  AUTHOR  of  the   LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR 

HAVING  had  a  former  tafte  of 
your  impartiality,  I  am  thereby 
fsncouraged  to  hope  you  will  publ)(h 
theie  lines,  the  deiign  of  which  is  to 
i:eicue  a  part  of  God's  holy  word  from 
fn  interpretation,  the  moil  foreign 
N  that  could  polTibly  be  given  it.  In  at- 
tempting thisi  I  (hall  make  ufe  of  no 
bunian  agthority,  but  go  according  to 
the  good  old  rule,  The  fcripture  is  the 
lieft  interpreter  ofitfelf. 

In  p.  638  of  your  laft  Mag.  A,  N. 
has  pr^uced  Dr.  Lardner's  opinion  of 
tjiofe  words  in  JE^ph/ii.  3.  Weiuere 
fy  naturg  ibe  children  of  nvratb  e*uin  as 
§ihfrs :  Where  by  nalurf  he  underftands 
Pur  fiprmer  ftate,  before  we  were  en- 
I 


Jan 

lightened  by  the  go^cl  \  Ihat  then  \k 
committed  adual  fins  as  well  as  others 
But  defire  your  correfpondent  to  tun 
ro  Gal.  ii.  15.  where  the  infatlibJ 
penman  of  fcripture  ufts  tliefanve  word 
we  are  Jews  hy  naturfi  ^rtt  by  birth 
fromftM  which  fignifies  to  beget.  See 
ing  this  is  the  evident  unforced  mean 
ing  of  the  word  in  one  place,  why  no 
in  the  other?  Befides,  by  this  con 
ftru6^ion  of  Eph.  ii.  3.  that  we  vcr 
children  of  wrath  by  htrtb  (not  bi 
cuftoro,)  a-needlefs  tautology  is  pre 
vented,  and  the  climax  is  preferved 
In  the  firft  part  of  the  verfe  the  apoftli 
laments  a  coiirfe  of  af^ual  tranfgre/^on 
in  times  paft,  and  then  traces  thef 
polluted  lireams  to  the  corrupt  fouq 
tain,  jufl  as  David  had  done  befor 
him  ill  pfal.  LI.  5.  Behold  I  srii 
fliapen  in  iniquity,  and  in  fia  did  mj 
mother  conceive  roe. 
I  am,  fir, 

your  hnmble  fervant, 
Jan.  18.  1768.  '  R.  W 

To  tbi  fToribj  Liverymen,  0/  (hi  City  o, 
London. 
Gentlemen, 

AT  a  naceting  called  at  the  king'4 
arms  uvern  for  that  purpofe»  ] 
Tee  it  has  been  recommendea  to  us,  tc 
chufe  for  a  reprefentative  for  the  city 
of  London,  a  gentleman  from  Bofton. 
What'  the  particular  obligations  are^ 
the  citv  of  London  owes  to  the  town 
of  Bofton,  thofe  gentlemen  will  be 
pleafed  to  inform  us,  who  dired  us  to 
look  thither  for  a  city  member.  But 
it  unfortunately  happens,  that  at  the 
very  time  while  thcfe  gentlemen  arc 
"wifhing  us  to  think  fo  highly  Of  a  Bo- 
fton education,  and  recommending  to 
us  a  gentleman  trpined  up  in  all  the 
principles  of  that  loyal  and  obedient 
town,  the  people  of  Bofton  are  Co  very 
little  defirous  of  our  good  opinion,  tha< 
they  are  openly  avowing  the  moft  on- 
friendly  difpofitions  towards  usj  and 
endeavouring,  as  far  as  is  in  theit 
power,  to  ruin  ^  I  moft  every  branch 
of  the  trade  of  this  city. 

At  a  meeting  of  theire^holders,  and 
other  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Bo- 
fton, afl'embled  at  their  town- hall  for 
that  purpofe  on  Wedncfday  the  aSth 
of  September  1767,  an  aflbciation  was 
entered  into  by  which  they  promife 
and  engage,  that  they  will  not,  from 
and  after  th^  3xft  of  December,  pur- 
chafe  any  of  the  following  articles  : 

X^oaf 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC     ' 


Lotffugar 
Cgradge     . 

Coachei*    chalfes, 

and  carriages,  of 

all  forts 
Horfe  farnitii^re 
Mcti  aad  wemelis 

hats 
M^  and  womens 

afiparel     ready 
.'    made 

U^uibold  furniture 
Gloves 
Men  and  womens 

tfboes 
Sole  leather 
Sbeathingand  deck 

nails' 
Gold    and     iilver 

thread  lace,   of 

allfofts 
Gold    and     fUver 

bQttons 
Wrought  plate  of 

all  forts 
Diamond,     ftone, 


O  F     L  O 

and  pafte  ware 
Snuff      • . 
Muftard 

Clocks  and  watches 
Silverfmiths    and 

jeweHers  ware 

Broad  cloths  th^t 

coft   above    ten 

fliillin^speryacd 

Muffs,   turrs   and 

tippets 
All  forts  of  milli- 
nery ware 
Starch 
Stays,  women  and 

chlldreas 
Fire  engines 
China  ware 
Silk    and    cotton 

velvets 
Gauze 
Pewterers    hollow 

ware 
Silks  of  all  kinds 
for  garments  « 
Malt  liquors  and 
cheefe. 
Though  none  of  the  or  her  provinces 
will  be  weak  enough  probably  to  be 
led  bv  thefe  Bofton  incendiaries,  yet 
it  will  not  bclheir  fault  if  all  our  Ame- 
rican colonies  do  not  combine  together 
ag^inft  our  trade  in  the  fame  manner; 
for  not  content  with  having  entered 
into  ^his  aifociation  for  chemlelves, 
they  nave  alfo  unanimoufly  relblved, 
"  That  the  fore^iog  vote,  and  fornl 
of  a  fublcription  relative  to  the  enu- 
merated articles,  be  immediately  pub* 
Iilhed  I  and  that  the  feledt  men  be 
dire^ed  to  diftribute  a  proper  number 
of  them  among  the  freeholders  of  this 
town  $'  and  to  forward  a  €0|^  of  the 
iame  to  the  felc&.  men  of  every  town 
in  the  province ;  as  alfo  to  the  princi- 
pal city  or  town  officers  of  the  chief 
towns  of  the  Several  colonies  on  the 
continent,  as  they  may  think  proper.'* 
Their  countrymen  and  abettors  here 
very  affectedly  give  out  that  the  peo- 
ple of  Bofton  have  done  this  only  to 
enable  themfelves  to  pav  their  debts. 
But  although  that  might  be  a  reafon 
for  their  buying  nothing  of  us  them- 
lelves,  yet  it  couki  be  none  for.  their 
thus  exciting  all  the  other  colonies  not 
to  deal  with. us. .  Should  the  gentlemen- 
of  Vimnia,  for  in  fiance,  take  the.  ad-, 
vice  of  thefe  Boftonmen,  (which  they 
aoft  certainly  will  not)  will  the  peoplf 


N   D   O  N.  5 

of  Virginia,  &c.  by  ^itholding  t^eiror* 
ders,enable  the  menof  Bofton  topaytheir 
debts  }  This  extraordinary  enoeavour» 
therefore,  to  perfwade  all  the  other  co« 
lonics  to  refufeta  trade  with  us^  proves, 
that  it  was  malice,  and  not  parUmony, 
which  prompted  them  to  this  combi- 
nation ;  and  that  the  real  intention  of 
it  was  not  to  refieve  themfelves,  but  to 
diftrefs  us. 

Whatever  may  be  the  evil  difpoiitioh 
which  thefe  people  bear  to  their  parent 
country,  I  have  remarked,  that  tb^ 
fcarce  ever  have  ventured  upon  any 
particular  meafures  of  expreffmg  their 
ill-wiU,  which  have  not f  been  iirft  ad- 
.vifcd  or  fuggefted  to  them  from  their 
correfpondents  here.  And  accordingly, 
upon  looking  over  fome  of  tlie  Botton 
Gazettes,  in  that.of  thesSth  of  Sep^ 
temberlaft,  I  i^d  thefoliowing^artidey 
viz. 

7btfollo^hig  Extna^  cf  a  UH^r/romia 
Mdr chant  i/i,Loiidonf  tp  his  Erteitd^ 
tbii  TWuif,  «tti/  d^ri  rtqueftidto inftrt^ 
liondon,  Junei7,  1767*; 
f*  Yefterday  the  bUi  for  fufp^nditi^ 
the  legiilation  of  New  York,  until  tbe 
faid  colony  (hall  comply  with  the  niu^ 
finy  a^,  and  for  eftabHihing  a  board 
of  cttftoms,  were  re^d  a  feoond  time  iti 
the  houfe  of  lords ;  and  the  bill  <Sf 
commerciat  taxation  paffedinthc  fame 
hou£e  to  be  ingroffed.  With  refpe6t 
to  providing  for  the  troops,  no  oppofr- 
tion  is  fo  reafonable  becaufe  none  can 
be  So  effe^uaf,  arthat^whieh  procureil 
the  repeal  of  the  ftamp«a£t,  viz.  the 
reneral  engagement  to  import  no  goods 
from  England,  tiH  fo6h  a  taxation  be 
removed  or  difclaimed  by  a  repeal  of 
the  aft.  And  the  efficacy  of  this  mode 
of  oppoiition  could  never  be  more 
affuredly  depended  upon,  then  at  pre- 
p!nt ;  becaufe  that  the  manufadiirers 
can  but  barely  fnpport.  themfelves  un- 
der the  prefent  ibarcity  of  proviiions 
and  (lacknefs  of  trader  which  is  fo 
great  a  difcouraeement,  that  although 
wool  never  wasdearer  in  England  than' 
now,  yet  cloths  are  twenty  per  ceM. 
cheaper  than  ever  was  known,  fo  that 
(hould  your  deidand  ceafe  for  a  year  or 
two,  the  utmoftyou  can  defire  wouM 
be  effefted  here,  without  any  uncon- 
ftitutionaloppoGtion  on  your  parts,  &c.'* 
Wh^  merchant  it  was  who  could 
write  fuch  a  letter  as  thu,  I  am  not  in 
the  leaft^  degree  qualified  to  guefs ;  He 

could 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Aamint  ^  Falfe  bclicacy. 


Jan: 


could  nol  Air^  b«vft bcfa  an'  Enettth 
one.  A  truel^  Bridih  lietrt  inuft  MTe 
felt  compaffion  for  the  diftreOes  of  tbe 
poor,  and  woakft  have  wi(hcd  for  the 
ncafis  of  l^knkfg  tiseir  wantt }  aot  have 
beea  a  prompter  to  the  moft  croel  mt- 
tbodsoti«rr#jy&gftbeiii.  Por-the  bonoflr 
or  humanity  itlelftthercibre,  1  would 
hope,  that  thereii  b«t  •■«  town  iti  all 
iiis  majefty*f  dominions,  •chat  cottkl 
breed  men  ca|nbl»  of  thus  hard€<iin|^ 
tb^mrdvei  agaiiKlallfhe  impreffione  of 
St*  All  good  lubfcai,  BHitooB;  and 
Amerkant,  kttow,  that  tbe  iatereft  of 
both  coontriei  i>  the  fame  i  and  that 
they  are  all  united  under  hit  majefty 
in  one  common  wealth.  Through- 
out  that  whole  Britiih  empiref  ther#- 
£u^  let  it  be  known,  that  the  turbu- 
lent feixlts  of  Boftoii  only  are  lowing 
diOetttiQiii  and  publicly  taking  me*, 
furet  to  fepaimte  thenu  And  may  they 
ever  have  the  merit  of  being  the  fmgle 
town  in  Ameiie%  that  it  capable  of 
lending  nen^  under  thegitiie  of  mer- 
chaiiM,  to  aA  a»  fpiei  amongll  ut$ 
to  waick  for  and  give  0Btice  of  zny 
pubUr  caUunitteif  andtainftmdcheir 
countryaoi  how  t^  tako  advantage  ittf 


It  will  ftiUy'I  hope,  be  lemembered^ 
that  I  do  not  in  the  leaft  aim  at  anjr 
particular  perfon,  aa  the  writer  of  tkit 
letter.  1 4o  not  meanto  lay  it  to  the 
charge  of  any.  particular  merchant 
whatibeven  But  aa  their  Botton  cotA' 
reiixmdetttt  have  thoiq^  fit  to  let  ut 
know  of  tbe^adiviceiwkieh  baa  bean 
^ven  them,  and  to  ted  the  letter  back 
to  m»  all  that  it  intended  by^  tkit  re« 
pubHoatiott,  it  to  let  my  felkm  liverjr-* 
menfte  what  tbele.  Botton- peopk  are  j 
and  to  hand  it  m  among  the  gentleNfie« 
of  the  committee,  in  order  to  know,  whe^ 
thcr  aayof  theaa  will,  take  it  up  j  or  if  ii 
be  a  conception  of  >  too  black  a  feature 
^  for  ibem  to  filiate,  to  beg  that  tbey 
will  find  out  the  faiiher,.  and  pair  it  on 
to  ita  proper  parent. 

In  tbe  mean  time,  tk«  gantlemenr 
will  bepleafcd  to  ^paratlieir  rteoatmen^^ 
dationt,  and  leavotke  livery  of  Lon- 
don to  iudge  for  tbemfaluta  i  at  leaft, 
it  it  hoped,  thattbey  wtU  not  hold  ua 
fo  very  cheapo  at  to  think,  at  the  very 
time  when  tbe  firetaMB  of  BoAon  have 
come  to  a  public  fsefi»kMiun  to  take 
nothing.  |r1»m^  ua,  that  ^tke  liveryman 
of  London  have  16  little  underftamding 
atto  take  a rqifetetative  from  riiem* 
A  Uverymatt  rf  L§nd9n. 


AJhort  Anfnmi^J  \bi u^  Cmnfy'miUd 
False  DilicAcy  asiiinu*w  aM^ 
i^  wiib  tmh/er/al  AppUu^t  4U  l6# 
ntatre  Royal  ut  I>rury-Laae* 

CHARACTERS. 

Colonel  Rivert,        Mr.  HoUand. 
Cecil,  Mr,  Xit^. 

Lord  Wfnworth,      Mr.  RiMJb. 
ShrHMTTytkf9hirg,Mr.y,Palmit. 
Sidney,  Mr.  Cmttbtrly. 

PoMnen,  Mr.  ftrfgbt  and  Mr.  Watkimi^ 
LadyBettyLambton,  Mr/.  if^M;?<&«b 
Mift  Rivert,  Mri.JefferuK 

MIft  March  Aont,     Mrs.BtuMj. 
Mn.Hariey, 
Sally, 


Mrs,  DoHUr. 
Mifs  Reytulds. 


THE  fable  of  thit  comedy  it  extreme- 
ly  interciline,  and  moft  admirabljr 
conduaed ;  the  ientimentt  are  fuch  aa 
will  eminently  dilUnguifh  tbe  writer  aa 
long  at  virtue  and  morality  are  held  re- 
fpeSable)  and  tbe  language  eafy,  ele- 
gant, and  charaaciiWc— fidced  we  ri- 
member  no  piece  fince^  the  Gardcfa 
Hufbandi  in  which  the  dialogue  fd  hap- 
piiy  imltatet  the  converfation  of  peo« 
pie  of  faflifon.  -The  part  of  CecH 
bcirt  the  ftrongeft  tnarkt  of  origiaali* 
tyi  and  affords  Mr.  King  an  otportu- 
nity  of  'giving  wt  a  frefh  proof  that  hia 

Sowert  in  comedy  are  unlimited,  fbf 
it  performance  tbrowt  new  beautiet 
on  the  iifiaginatioil  of  hit  nuthor.*  «  ;■* 
The  ftrene  between  Colonel  Ktvert  and 
hit  daughter,  ifi  the  fourth  ad,  it  trul^ 
paliietic,  ahdi^  a  demonftfation  that 
the  writer  polTeflet  (hofe  happy  takntt 
for  touching  the  fender  paflTidnt^  f  rf  a 
degree  not  af  ell'  inferior  to  hit  iibilittee 
forexitfngthe  rifible  tacultiet.-;—- — ' 
It  would  be  an  a£t  of  inynftice  itot  to' 
mention  Mr.  Holland^t  gfreat  m;rit  iU 
Cotonel  Rivert,  and  Mrt.  I>anceT't  in 
Mra.  Harley. -^Indeed  the  whole  piece 
was  well  performed,  and  bore  evident 
figtit  (wt  mearf  with  refpeft  to  the  Jim 
tk  ThtMre)  of  being  brought  out  under 
tho  infpe^n  of  Mr.  Qarrick.  ■  ^ 
In  fhort»  we  Cannot  help  conmtulat-' 
iug  the  public  upon  thit  addition  rd 
their  enferfainment,  in  which  the  eo- 
mic  mirte  appears  in  her  native  (tm- 
pKcity;  tusdebauched  by  ribaldry  or 
ikentioofifiiA.  The  prologue  and  epi- 
loguegavent  uncommon  fatitfa^Hon, 
and  are  faid  to  be  dbne  by  a  gentleman ' 
who  bat  nb  fuperfor  in  that  ipecies  of 
writing,  which  we  are  the  more  in- 
clined to  believe,  at  they  abound  with 

that 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ijSi.  mfmme 

^te  ndb  ^cn    of  genuine  bunour 
vykh  fe  tiOBgly  chan&rixci  all  hii 


T»  fit  PR  I  M  T£  Rt   me. 
ilR, 

MlkxccBoi  was  ittteffted  far  die 
^rardi,  and  accorduiglyy  at  a 
praKT  ag^  was  tianM'vca  vofn  GraoM  t^ 
OaM«  At  tliiaperiod  hit  heart  baat 
h^hfoCnne.  fefHendt  too»  had 
t^  wtnoaft  hopes  of  hit  fotore  figure 
in  hit  pffofefioA.  Nor  without  rsafons 
he  had  pafled  through  hit  fchool 
with  die  neatcft  apphMUe» 
asd '(fifiaginflied  hunftlf  by  a  tafte 
asd  genint  above  hb  age.  Rb  ami- 
nen  too  were  aoft  engaging ;  bit  mo* 
de*f»  «nero6fy»  and  good  nabire» 
fpinednhn  anirer^emmi  hit€h4- 
radbBTy  when  known,  loon  introduced 
has  So  the  heft  compaay  of  hitcotl^, 
I  mean,  tlM  wordijr  and  ingeniooti 
liar  liich  will  ahrajt  unite  when  they 
know  each  other*t  charaAcrt.  Here  a 
fvr  Ittld  wat  opeaed  for  the  mot  ad- 
1  latigf out  oonneAiont ;  hot  the 
hr%ht  profpeft  wat  ibon  overeat  bv 
a  atoft  BielanclK>ly  event,  which 
ahiaged  hia  iato  an  abyft  of  milery* 
Thb  wat  the  death  of  bit  fithert  oy 
wkkfa  hit  mothcr*t  circuaiftancet  were 
ibiedncedy  at  to  be  unable  to  aifxtl 
her  Ibu  a  genteel  allowance.  He  had 
indeed  otber  relationt  who  were  well 
able  to  affift  him,  and  who  profefled 
the  Bkoft  toider  renrd  for  him :  But 
aooe  of  them  on  tbit  oeoifion  offered 
any  aCftaace  towardt  hit  cducationi 
thoogh  they  knew  hit  mother *t  fortune 
inadequate  to  the  charge.— —Thit 
cmd  cooduA  nipped  the  fair  flower  in 
the  bud.  He  fix>n  found  liimfelf  ob- 
liged to  decline  tbe  amofementi  of  hit 
new  acqnaiotance,  and  by  degreet  to 
detach  himielf  entirely  from  their- 
oompaoy  to  avoid  many  meanneflet  he 
ochowife  muft  have  been  gtdlty  of% 
Thit  event  proved  fatal  to  hit  peace. 
To  tear  op  the  growing  friendfliip 
made  every  libre  of  hit  heart  bleed. 
Mb  behavi^ar  altered  Arom  that  inftant. 
His  coantmance  wat  overfpread  with  a 
mounifiil  gloom,  and  a  flow  melancbo* 
If  preyed  upon  hit  heart.  His  fludiea 
wera  entirely  negleded  i  tbe  ohill  hand 
af  penury  hid  nombed  the  vigour  of 
hbgcuttts) 

And  fike  the  tyranoout  breathing  of 
the  north, 

Cbeck'd  all  ic't  budt  from  blowing— 


$f  Marcellus.  f 

Kt  hid  the  moitificsyon  -aflerwai^t  to 
be  thrice  diiappoinud  of  fellowfliipt, 
and  they  were  beftowed  on  men  who 
were  formerly  acknowledged  bitinfe- 
riort  in  all  kindt  of  learning.    Hefeon 
after  retired  into  an  obfimra  part  of 
thskingdom»  to  a  cunqr  of  fdrtr« 
peundt  a  yeas;    Hit  hahk  of  idtencm 
and  hit  SMlancholy,  which  nmde  hina- 
apsid  coBiyany,  enbfitly  tel  we^a^- 
asonue  to  prafrimeht,  ^  that  he 
oontiBuedsn  thit  fitnation  till  he  wm 
near  fiftjr  yeart  of  a§e,  when  a  relation 
<Mn§  wnhoQt  ifibe!^  laic  MaroeBut  an 
eftaie  o^  n  thouted  pounds  a  veat. 
Had  n  finail,  a  very  flnati  part  m  thia 
been  beflowed  upon  hb  edueatioH,  is 
would  have  been  of  niore«  ftivice  than 
the  whole  at  this  tiflw  of  life.  It  vpould 
have  swihiedhim  so  have Islaaad  the. 
nMft  amiable,  of  •his  acffnsintsnce»  and 
contraaed  the  moft  valuable  fiiend^^ 
fliipsi  to  have  ptiHnM  hit  fludiea  with 
alacrkf  and  fucoeit,  and  haits  laiibd' 
himlelf  to  the  eminenoe  he  ones  aibi* 
red  to.    But  AvmrohadaotgeneroMx 
to  give  Ui  long  aa  he  wm  capable  of 
enjoying  it  hiiinetf  i  luantaMiflboini-^ 
ty  never  exteadsd  hmnd  Ibme  trivial 
preicnt.  Marcellot*s  mtune  came  now 
too  latt.  A  change  in  hit  outward  cir* 
cumtancat  could  not  change  hb  tem« ' 
per  which  wae  flmrsd  by  difiippoint* 
mentt.    Hit  reflefiboutv  tadesd,  on  hi* 
^nation,  were  not  Aich  at  gave  ea(e  to  * 
a  troubled  annd.    He  found  himfrif 
fsir  advanced  in  lift^  witbout  nmking 
the  proper  i»t>gre{t,  without  note  in 
hit  proleiBon,  wtibout  friendt,  with^ 
out  any  of  thofe  endearing  relatione 
for  which  alonr  Hft  it  worth  ending  s 
In  the  midfl  of  Society  he  found  him* 
fdf  AMfago-and  fofiorm    He  dieda  few 
years  ^kter  the  acquiition  of  his  for- 
tune, a  melanthoW  proof  of  the  neccf- 
flty  of  m  liberal  educatien. 

If  any  peribn  coatemed  ia^the  edu- 
cation of  youth  flioold  read  thit  ftory^ 
let  them  not,  after  a  carttaft  penifid,  , 
throw  it  aflde  at  tbe  produce  of  an  idler 
imaginatioa  that  fieekv  to  amuie  Itlelf 
with  triflet :  Jt  i»fa6^,  and  at  fiich  ne-- 
F&tt  the  attention  of  every  (erious  per- 
ibncoacemed« 

PHiLOJiCfitra.* 

WE  have  given  our veadert  thiv 
month,  the  fovpth  paMt  of  the 
Map  of  the  n>ad  irom  London  to  Ber- 
wick. 


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Tbe  Coluber  Ceraftcs  defcribed. 


8 

A  titter  from  John  Ellis,  Efq\  F.  R,  S, 
h  thi  Prefidint,    cm  the  Comber  Ce-  • 
'  raftefty  ^Horned  Viper  c^ Egypt. 

[Read  before  the  R.S.Dec,  n,  1766.]^ 
.  My  Lorci».  •   > 

THE  CokiberCemftef.or  Horned 
Vipers  of  £|;ypt,  jvvfaich  I  have 
the  honour  to  preient  a  fpecimenof  to 
thtt  illvftrioiit  fociety,  I  am  intprmed» 
is  very  rare,' and  icarce  to  be  fbund  in 
any  of  the  cabinets  of  natural  ;cprio^  > 
£ties.  in  Europe.    Befides»  the  authors . 
'  wbm*  have  treated  on  the  Ceraftes»  as 
Alfnifus  and  Bellonius,  iiave    given 
:fQcb  iHiOutsfadorjr  defcriptions  of  it, 
and  inaccurate  iiguret,  that  I  thought 
'  nn  exa^^  drawing  from  nature^   toge-^ 
thcr  with  the  bi3:  and  late^iyitemati-  < 
cal  atcount'of  ity.  would  be  agreeable, 
IS  well  to  the.  lovers  of  antiquity  as 
natural  hiftory. .     . 

The- ancient  Egyptians   moft  cer- . 
taaniy»  eftatmed  it  <a  l»eR>gLyphic  of. 
'  iome  importance  j    for  whSi  we  exa- 
mine iheir  monumehta^f  the  gceateil 
^tiquity,  fuch  astbetr  obeliiks,  tem- 
ples, ftatues,  palaces,  and  e^en  their 
mummies,  we  are  almoft  fare  -  to  6nd: 
many  reprefentations  of  it  op  them. 
Thoie  two  immenfely  large    ftones, 
btely 'ixrougfat  fjrom  Alexandria,  .iu 
Egypti  now  in  the  couFt*yard  of  the 
Britiih-Mufeum^-  wli^  appear  to  be- 
part  of^the  grand  cornice   of   foroe. 
magniffcettt.  palacci  have  m:iny  figtires 
of    the    Ceralles  curioudy    engraved 
upon  them.  .      •  .       - .     •* 
•  Dr.  Hailelquift,  a  pupil  of  the  cele- 
brated Linnscus^  whawasJn  Egypt  in 
1.750,    -has  given  us  a  particular  de* 
rcr4>tioa  of  this. curious  animal}    but 
neither  he  nor  the  forjner  writers  on 
Egypt,  that- mention  tbe*€eraftes,  Uy 
any  thing.about  the  venom  of  its  biH. 
This  we  are.  inlbrmed  of  only  by  Dr. 
TurnbuU,  ;who  livedo  many  yeaa  in 
Egypt,  both  at  Alexandria,  and  Cairo, 
and  who  was  fo  kind  tp  preient  me 
with  thofe.  fpecimens  of  it. 
.     Dp.  LinflflBUf,  in.bisfyftem-of  nature, 
p.  ^17,  calls  it  Coluber  Ceraftcs. 

Dr.  HaiTeiquitt,  <in  hit  Iter.,  p.  315, 
Coluber  Cornutus  ;  the  foUowiug  is  aa 
extrad  from  his  defcription. 

The  heoif,  between  the  horns,  is 
much  deprefled  $  the  cheeks  are 
fwdled  out,  (b  that  the  hinder  part  of 
the  head  is  confiderably .  thicken  than 
the   neck}    the  (nout    is  ^hort .  and 


J« 


blunt;  the  outward  front  of  the  up 
perand  under /^aws  have  a  iinall  cavity 
or  depreflPion,  in  both  j  the  noArils  pro 
l^&  like  thofe  of  a  pug  dog. 

Ttio  ey^  baVe  a  Bcrpeniiicular  nar 
row  and  black  pupil}  the  iris  is  of  , 
yiclfpwjkh  grey  colour  ^  .the  orbits  0 
the  eyes  are  neatly  fet,  roun4  witf 
fmall  hemifpherical  fcales. 

The  tongue  is  divided  .at  the  .extre 
mity  iutp.  two  parts. 
^  The  tuth»  In  the  upper  jaw  then 
tf-e  no  teeth,  but  two  bpnes  placcc 
lengthways  in  the  palate ;  in  then 
are  £xtd  ic^trz\  (mall  teetli,  generallj 
abop(  |en :  they  ibarp,f  of  an  equa 
length >  and  bend  a  little  towards  thi 
tbrpat.  On  the  fides  of'  the.  undc; 
j^w,  pear  the  Xnout,  are  placed  tjirei 
or  i^r  teeth  1  but  npne  quite  in  thi 
fore  part  or  hinder  p^ft^ - 

The  borus.  Juft  above  the  eyes 
nicar  the  upper  part  of  their  orbit 
are  two  tentacula,  which  we  call  horns 
aliout  a,  quartcfr  of  an,  inch  long 
they  are  not  (Iraight,  but  bend  a  littl< 
putwai'dsi  they  are  channelled  length 
waysj  ,iharp  pointed,  but  not  verj 
hard  y,  their  bafis'is  furrounded  with  i 
cjixle  of  truall  ere6l  fcales. 

The  body  is  narrpw  towards  tb( 
neck';  the  diameter  of  the  thickeft  pan 
of  the  middle  about  one  inch  \  the  tai 
erows  fuddenly  taper,  and  ends  in  s 
inarp  point.,         - :.  ' 

Tht  ^loMK.  The  top  of  the  head 
the.  bapk  an^l  upper  part  of  the  tail 
are  yariegated  witl)  large  irnrgulaj 
fppts,  of  a  bright  ochry  colour,  01 
rcddifb  brown  i  the  thrpat,  belly 
and  umlcrpart  of  the  tail,  are  whitilh 

The  levi^b  of  this  fpecimen  (See  th< 
Plate.)  is  as  follows;  from  the  nofc 
to  the  ai|U8  21  {  iiT^^hes,  the  tail  3  { 
inches;  io  that  the  whole  ferpent  'u 
%6  inches  long.  ^    . 

The  f/plly  b  covered  with  145  broac 
fcales,  or  fcuta;  the  tail  with  43  paii 
qffinall Scales,  or  fqpaipse.^ 
,  The  .number  of  fquamseand  fcuts 
have  been  thought  by  late  authors  tc 
be  the  beft  method  of  determining 
tj.ie  ipectes  of  ferpeats ;  but  they  an 
not  Ignorant  that  they  differ  a  few 
now  and  (hen  :  Haflclquid  reckoning 
150  fcuta,  and  50  pair  of  fquamae,  tc 
his  ^olulxer  cornutoi. 

I  am,'  my  lord,  yogr  lordfhip's 
Mel\  obedient  humhle  Tervant, 
John  £j>lis. 
The 


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Coluber  Cera/?es  laiwnxi. 


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Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


The  Hiflory  of  the  laft  SefTion  of  Parliament,  ^c. 

^4 Fnjf9ry  of  tb^  Sr^o/i  of  Pa^fiamfHt  ^w^ich  fhi^im  Nov.  ii,  1766,  ln/ii^  thejixth 
Siff.iK  oj  iht'  Ti'sstfib  Pari, ami nt  ofGrtJ.\-\\.  :t:iiii,  -t'./z/  au  A:cin/jt  ^falltb^  ma- 
Uriai  i^efi'.^HS  ttirein  drirrmlncd^  and cj  the  Political  Di/putts  tbciejj  oc^^ijloa^d 
*untboat  Dears*     Conti/i\-J  from  our  Af'pen  i:Xy   1767,  p.  661. 

'T'HIS  inquiry  the  law  fuppoJcd  that     bone  of    the   kings  of  Englmd   ever 


X    every    wilc     government   would 
Uke  care  to  make,  before  they  grant- 
ed any  licence  for  exportation ;    and 
whilft  oar  kings  kid  either  the  power, 
pr  iofiuencr,  to    prevent  it,  they  took 
cire,  that  no  felfiih  fa£^ion   in  parlia- 
ment ihould  ever  deprive  the  people 
of  this  liberty  to  import,    or  this  re- 
ftraint  upon  the  export  of  the  necefla- 
ries  of  life,  by  cftabliQiing  a  monopo- 
ly of  fuch  necefiaries  in  favour  of  the 
proprietors    of    our  land    tiiates.     It 
«vas   extremely   right,    and    was  al- 
wajs  the  pra^ice  to  give  fome  fmall 
advantage  to  tiie  proprietors  of  eur 
own  lands  by  k>ading  the  importation 
of  foch  neceiTaries  with  a  fmall  duty, 
and  when  we  had   too  great  a  plenty 
of  OQr  own   produce,    it  was  equal- 
ly rifrbt  to  allow    a  part  of  what  we 
hid  to   be  exported  for  the    fupply 
pf  our  friends    who  were  in   want  f 
bat  to  prohibit    the    importation    of 
the  necrifaries  of  life,  or  to  load  them 
with  very  heavy  duties,    and   at  the 
(ametiroe  to    cflablifii  a  perpetual  and 
oalimited  licence  for  exporting  them, 
w:ii  really    granting    a  monopoly  of 
fuch  neceilaries  in  favour  of  the  pro- 
prietors of    the    lands    in     England, 
whereby   they  were  enabled   to  raifc 
the  rents  of    their  lands    as  high   as 
they  pleafed  \  and  by  the  fame  regu- 
btions  tbey    enabled    the   farmers  to 
pay  thofe  high  rents,    by   raifing  the 
price  of  all    lorts  of  provifions,  efpe- 
ctally    corn,    to  a   rate    much  abyve 
what  it  ought    to    be  in  a    country 
where  the   loil  is  To  rich,  the  climate 
6>  moderate,    and    the  people  fo  in- 
duftrious,    as    they    naturally   are   in 
England.     Indeed,    a     more  effe^lual 
law  for    this    purpofe   could    not  be 
contrived   than     thtt    of    eitabiiihing 
a   perpetual    and     unlimited    licence 
for   the   exportation     of    our    corn, 
without   leaving  it   in    the    power  o^ 
the  crown    to  put  a   ftop  to  it,    for 
erer  (b  Oiort  a  time  j    for  during  the 
exigence  of  fuch  a  law,    whillt  there 
if  a  fcarcity  of  bread   io  any   part  of 
Fnropc,  there  can   never  be  a  plenty 
•f  oread  in  England. 
K^fore  the  union   of   the    crowns, 
Jan.  176? 


did,  nor  ever  would  hive  con  Tented 
to  the  eftabliihment  of  fuch  a  mono<i> 
poiy,  becaiife  they  knew  how  natural 
it  is  for  all  men  to  aim  at  railing  the 
price  of  every  thing  they  have  foJ 
difpofe  of;  but  before  the  reftoration 
of  Charles  the  Second,  the  conftitu- 
tional  revenue  of  the  crown  had  been 
fo  exhaufted,  by  the  extravagant  and 
then  deemed  irredeemable  grants  of 
his  preddcedbrs,  and  the  conititutional 
rights  of  the  crown,  fo  curtailed  by 
the  interpreutions  and  decifions  of  our 
lawyers,  that  he  could  not  even  fubftft 
wit^  any  dignity,  much  lefs  be  able  to 
protect  citl.er  himfclf,  or  hii  people^ 
even  io  time  of  peace,  without  a  Sup- 
ply from  his  parliament;  therefore  he 
found  himfelf  obliged  to  cor.fcnt  to 
every  thing  that  was  infifted  on  by 
his  parliament,  and  of  this  neceflity 
they  beg.^n  immediately  to  take  ad- 
vantage; for  in  i66o  they  began  to- 
eftabiifh  this  monopoly,  and  comple- 
ted it  in  1670.  From  the  good  fenfe 
manifcllcd  by  Charles  the  Second  up- 
on other  occafions,  we  may  fuppofe^ 
that  he  as  little  approved  of  this  mea- 
fure  as  any  of  his  anceftors  of  Eng- 
land would  have  6ov\Ct  but  in  his 
reign  he  was  often  compelled  to  con- 
icnt  to  mtafures  which  he  did  not  ap- 
prove of.  Of  this  we  l:nve  a  re-* 
maikable  inliancc  upon  recoid  in. 
our  hiltory,  with  regard  to  the  a^ 
fi>r  declaring  the  importation  of  tattle 
from  Iitland  a  publick  and  common 
nuif-ince,  and  tl^erctore  prohibiting  it 
for  the  future.  Whilft  this  a(5^  was  de- 
pending in  parliament,  the  king  de- 
clared that  he  co«id  notinconlcier.ee 
coufeut  to  ir,  yet  he  was  the  next  year 
obliged  to  give  it  the  royal  afl^nt  •. 

i  have,  indeed  heard  one  argument 
made  ufe  of  in  favour  of  our  prefent 
regulations,  which,  if  wtU  founded, 
would  defei  ve  our  attention :  It  is 
faid,  that  if  you  withdraw  the  boun- 
ty, or  lower  the  price  at  which  it 
begins  to  be  payable,  it  would  dii'hc:ir- 
ten  our  farmers  fo  much,  that  they 
would  negledt  tilling  or  cultivating 
their  lands  ;  hut  the  author  of  one  of 


the  trads  pubhflied  with  the  F^rmcr'^ 
B  Letters 

•  S€i  Hi/lory  g/ Engla/iJ Ifj  Mr,  Ralph, "^  'vol,  /.  /.  14.3.  «/.  a. 

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10        The  History  of  ibe.laft  Scflion  of  Parliament. 


Letters,  has  furnifticd  us  with  a  fort 
of  demon  (I  ration  that  there  can  be 
no  foundation  for  apprehending  ^y 
fuch  confequcnce.  That  author  hat 
ll^ven  U8,  not  an  imaginary  calcula* 
tion,  but  an  aftual  account,  of  the  cx- 
pcnce  of  cultivaring  twenty  acres  of 
arable  land  for  nine  years,  and  alfa 
an  account  of  the  money  he  received 
for  their  produce  within  that  time^ 
Hcj  *tis  true,  fuppofes  the  hufbrgndman 
to  be  a  farmer,  and  confeauently 
reckons  the  lent  at  a-  part  of  the  ex- 
pence  of  cultivation  ;  bAit  I  &uM  fup- 
'pofc  him  to  be  himfelf  the  proprietor 
of  tbefe  twenty  acres,  and  confequent- 
Ik  that  he  pays  no  rent.  In  this  cafe 
the  account,  without  reckoning  the 
fra^lions,  will  ftand  thus : 

Money  received  for  the  produce  of 
tbefe  nine  years,  459  /. 

Expence  of  cultivation  in  thefe  nine 
years,  136/. 

Net  profit  in  nine  years.  223  Z, 

Net  profit  per  annum,  24./, 

Net  profit  per  ann.  per  acre,  i  /.  4/. 

Can  we  fuppofe  that  any  farmer  will 
be  fo  di(hcartened  by  withdrawing  the 
bounty  or  lowering  the  price  at  which 
it  begins  to  be  payable,  as  to  negle<5t 
cultivating  his  lands,  when  he  is  cer- 
tain, baring  accidents,  that  if  he  can 
fell  his  wlieat  at  30  s.  per  quarter  and 
l)is  barley  at  16s.  /^quarter  (the  pri- 
ces received  by  the  author  of  this  ac- 
count) he  will  receive  a  net  profit  of 
%j^%,perann.  for  every  acre  of  arable 
land  he  cultivates?  It  is  true>  that,  if 
the  farmer  (hould  by  his  leafc  be  oblig- 
ed to  pay  his  landlord  a  rent  of  15  s. 
jker  acre,  this  may  di(hearten  him,  un< 
Icfs  he  can  fell  both  his  wheat  and  bit 
barley  at  a  touch  higher  price  ;  for  we 
cannot  wonder  that  any  man  (hould 
^udge  paying  his  landlord  i^$,  per 
acre,  wlven  he  can  have  but  9  s.  to 
bimfelf,  for  recompencing  his  care  and 
labour,  foe  anfwericg  all  accidental 
IdTes,  and  for  paying  him  a  moderate 
iutereft  for  hit  money  im ployed  in 
ftocking  his  farm.  For  this  rcafon  if 
the  prices  of  our  corn  be  not  kept  up 
at  a  much  higher  rate  than  30  s.  for 
wheat,  and  x^s.  forbarljey/^quarter, 
no  man  in  his  right  fenfes  would  en- 
gage to  pay  fo  high  a  rent  for  a  farm 
confilling  nioftly  of  arable  lands,  un- 
lefs  it  be  fituated  within  a  few  nules  of 
ibme  populous  city  or  market  town, 
for  in  that  cafe  he  could  turn  moft  of 
Uii2to  graft  iaadt*  for  tbe  fatceaiag  of 


lain 


(Iieep  or  black  cattle,  as  the 
author  has  likewife  from  his  ow^  en 
|>eriei\ce,  ihewo,  that  in  fuch  a  iitua 
tion  grafs  lands  are  much  more  profit 
able  than  arable  lands.  * 

But  to  cotf elude,  I  believe  there  wa 
never  of  late  years  any  defigp    in    ou 
legidature  to  withdraw  the  bounty  en- 
tirely, and  it  would  certainly  be-wron« 
to  do  (b ;  for  it  ought  to  be  in  all  coun< 
tne»  an  eftablifhed  izraxim»    to    kee£ 
the  necdl'aries  of  life  always  as  neai'l> 
as  poffible  about  the  fame  price  \    be^ 
eauie  there  is  in  all  countries  a  numbef 
of  labouring  people  who  have  nothing 
of  the  bee  quality  of  being  providMds 
futuri.  They  always  Hve,  as-it  is  calleJ 
from  hand  to  mouth,  and  if  they  can 
earn  as  much  in  four  days  of  the  weeJft 
as  can  fubfift  them  for  (tvtn^  they  fpend 
the  other  three  in  idlenefs,  or  in   idle 
^mufements.  Of  fuch  labouring  people, 
I  fay,  there  is  a  number  in  e  very  coun  try  f 
but  fewer  I  believe  in  this  than  in  any 
other,  becaufe  our  labouring  poor  bare 
for  ages  been  habituated  to  live  better 
than  fuch  people  do  in  moil  countries  of 
Europe,  and  therefore  have  been  obliged^ 
and  long  accuftomed  to  do  more  work 
than  is  done  in  any  other  country  in  the 
fame  time ;  for  in  all  countries  there  fe 
fuch  a  certain  juft  proportion  between 
the  price  of  labour  and  of  the  necefikriee 
of  life  imperceptibly  eftablifhed,  that  ev- 
ery labouring  man  muft  labour  at  lea  ft  fix 
days  in  the  week  in  order  to  provide 
that  fort  of  food,  raiment,  and  lodging 
which  is  cuftomary  among  thofe  ot  hni 
trade,  in  the  country  where  he  lives 7 
unlefs    he    be  fuch  an  extraordinary 
workman  as  to  be  able  to  do  as  much 
in  four  days  as  is  ufually  done  by  thofe 
of  the  fame  profeffion  in  fix,;  and  fuch» 
men,  if  they  are  provident,  generally 
foon  grow  rich. 

Genei*ally  fpeaking,  therefore,  every 
labouring  man  is  obliged  to  labour  ^\ig 
days  in  every  week,  in  order  to  provide 
for  his  family,  except  ift.  when  by 
any  accident,  the  price  of  labour  bat 
been  raifed  in  foihe  particular  fort  of 
bufinefs  far  above  th^  ufual  j  and  fe* 
condly  when,  by  a  run  of  plentiful 
yeais,  the  price  of  the  neceifaries  of 
life  has  fallen  much  below  its  iiluah 
The  caules  of  the  hrii  are  fo  various* 
that  it  ii  impofUble  to  prevent  it  by  a 
general  law,  ouy  otherwife  than  by  a 
law  for  pieventing  a  combination,  either 
among  the  journeymen,  or  among  tht 
uuftcrsy  for  it  would  be  uigiilt  to  pre- 
vent 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


i;6g.     ne  History  of  the  laft  Seflion  /Parliament. 

^cBt  it  among  the  former^  without  tak- 
iaf  care  to  prevent  it  cfiedaally 
tlie     atter.      Bat    as    to    the 


IC 


aooae 

liicoBo,  I  htnobty  think,  it  may  be 
lAi  great  mcafare  prerented  by  one 
general  iaw  for  c(^aMifhing  and  ex- 
peiUydiftinguiOiing  three  feveral  prices 
«f  com,  which  in  all  countries  is  the 
cfcief  ueccflkry  of  life:  The  firft  and 
iovet  of  tbefe  prices  ought  to  be  (ettled 
at  tint  at  which  a  bounty  ihall  begin  to 
be  payable,  and  ibouldbe  that  which 
fti  the  oiiBal  price  of  Ponft  or  German 
wheat,  aiKl  the  other  forts  of  corn  in 
proportion,  becaufe  as  our  wheat  is 
Mierthan  tbdrs,  it  would  induce  the 
Oatch  to  keep  their -magaztnes  always 
tared  with  Britiib  rather  than  PoIl(h 
com,  and  thereby  enable  them  to  Tup- 
ply  this  nation  in  a  time  of  great  fcar- 
ocy}  for  I  doubt  if  anj  magazines 
can  erer  be  eftablifiied  m  this  king- 
dom, bccaofe  to  do  it  at  the  public 
charge  would  be  vaftly  expenfive,  and 
private  «ea  will  never  undertake  it,  at 
they  can  aiake  aiore  of  their  money  in 
•or  pcblfc  iiiiida,  than  they  can  exped 
by  imploTiiig  it  in  ibcb  a  trade. 

The  fecood  of  tbefe  prices  ought  to 
be  fettled  at  that  abov«  which  no  expor- 
tation Iball  be  admitted,  and  (hould  be 
twoortbrec  (killingt^^r  (quarter  above 
tiie  common  price  of  Sicilian  or  Afri- 
can wlieat,  becauie  as  their  wheat  is 
better  than  oars,  whilft  they  can  have 
Id  Portugal,  Spain,  or  Italy,  a  fuffi- 
cicot  liipply  &om  thence,  we  could  not 
expcd  to  iell  any  of  ours,  nnlefs  we 
fell  it  at  a  cheaper  rate  than  the  wheat 
of  either  of  thofe  countries,  but  when 
tbey  cannot  have' a  fufEcient  fopply 
fpom  tb«ace,  and  are  ready  to  pay  any 
price  for  ourt,  if  we  were  to  admit  an 
oniimited  exporution,  we  (hould  foon 
be  in  danger  of  a  famine  amongft  our- 
Idvet. 

The  third  and  higheft  of  theie  prices 
•Qgbt  to  be  fettled  at  that  at  which  a 
free  importation  of  com  from  all  coon- 
tries  is  CO  be  admitted.  I  fay  a  free 
importation,  without  paying  even  that 
^m%f  which  at  all  other  times  ought 
to  be  payable  upon  the  importation  of 
foreign  necef&ries  for  the  encourage- 
■icnt  of  our  own  produce  $  and  this 
vrioe,  in  my  bumble  opinion,  (hould 
be  6>tded  at  3^  s.  ^  quarter  of  wheat, 
and  for  other  ibrtf  of  grain  in  propor- 
tion. 

By  (mk%  law  it  this,  with  a  power 


always  loffged  in  the  crown  to  prohi- 
bit the  expoiiation  of  our  own  corn  • 
or  admit  the  free  importation  of  fo- 
reign, upon  any  extraordinary  emer- 
gency, fach  a  ]ii(V  and  certain  pro- 
portioiii  between  the  wages  of  our  la» 
bouring  poor  and  the  price  of  the 
nfccfTaries  of  life  would  by  degrees 
be  cftablifhcd,  that  we  could  never 
lofe  the  labour  of  our  poor  for  many 
days  in  the  year,  by  the  low  price  of 
corn,  nor  vfow\d  any  frugal  induftrious 
family  be^evcr  brought  into  diftrcfs,  by 
the  price  being  (o  high  as  to  be  entirely 
out  of  the  reach  of  their  ufual  wages« 

I  hai'e  already  mentioned  the  debate 
that  happened  the  firlt  day  of  the  leA 
iion,  with  refpe6l  to  the  embargo  upon 
the  exportation  of  wheat  and  wheat 
flour,  iffued  the  a6th  of  September 
1766,  by  the  king's  folc  authority*. 
This  queftion  was  not  then  thought 
neceflary  to  determine.  However  in 
both  houfes  the  members  continued  to 
be  divided  upon  this  quelHon,  ilnd  as 
thofe  who  were  of  the  negative  Cc^e, 
were  likewife  of  opinion,  that  the  pair- 
ing of  fuch  a  bill  at  that  time  could  fcU 
dom  if  ever  be  attended  with  any  bad 
confequences,  therefore  on  the  xSth  of 
November  they  made  no  great  oppofi- 
tion  to  a  motion  then  made,  for  leave 
to  bring  in  a  bill  for  the  better  pro- 
teflon  and  fecurityof  aH perfbns  who 
have  a^led  in  purfuance  of,  or  obedi- 
ence to,  the  late  Order  of  council,  lay- 
ing an  embargo  on  wheat  and  wheat 
flour ;  and  the  motion  being  thus 
agreed  to,  Mr.  Secretary  Conway  and 
Mr.  Onflow  were  ordered  to  pre- 
pare, and  bring  in  the  fame. 

On  the  14th  an  inftru6iion  was  or- 
dered nem,  con.  to  the  gentlemen  ap- 
pointed to  bring  in  thb  bill,  that  they 
do  make  provihon  in  the  (aid  biH,  for 
difcharging  all  proceedings,  againil 
any  perfons,  for  or  on  account  of  the 
faid  embargo;  and  on  tht  fame  day 
Mr.  Secretary  Conway  pftiented  tbc 
bill  to  the  houie,  when  it  was  read  a 
firft  time,  and  ordered  to  be  read  a 
fecond  time,  and  to  be  printed,  which 
it  was  on  the  third  of  December*  and 
eonimitted  to  a  committee  of  ths 
wlK>le  houfe.  In  the  mean  time,  >z, 
November  the  s  5th  a  motion  was  mi^t 
for  addrefling  his  majefty  to  eive  di- 
re^ions,  that  there  be  laid  before  this 
houfe,  full  acounts  and  perfect  copies  of 
all  applicattoas>  infofRUtions,  and  evi- 
B  a  denccs» 

fit  our  laft  ikL  /.  44.5. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 2        ^he  H I  STORY  of  the  laft 

fences,  coocfrning  the  prices  and 
quantity  of  corn  in  this  kingdom  and 
concerning  the  ncce0ity  of  prohibiting 
the  exportation  tber<;of,  made,  deli- 
vered, and  olVcred,  to  his  majtily,  or 
his  privy  council,  during  the  lecel'sof 
parlinment  j  and  alfo,  a  copy  of  tus 
majefty's  order  in  council  for  ill'uing 
the  proclamation,  which  was  publiihca 
on  the  26th  day  of  September  bit  palk, 
and  of  the  faid  proclamation  j  but  up- 
on the  qutftion's  l)eing  put  it  paH'ed  in 
the  negative  :  and  on  the  5th  of  Dtc. 
after  reading  the  oiderof  the  day  it  wa$ 
moved,  that  it  be  an  inftruf^ion  to  the 
faid  committee  that  th^y  have  power 
to  receive  a  claufe  or  clauffs,  to  afcer- 
tainthe  charges  and  damages  fullained 
in  confequence  of  the  late  ord<f  in 
council  and  proclamation  for  prohi- 
biting the  exportation  of  wheat  and 
wheat  flour,  by  or  on  account  of  any 
demurrage  or  of  any  injury  orexpcncef 
occafioned  by  keeping  the  faid  corn  on 
board,  or  by  loading  or  unloading  the 
fame.  But  upon  the  quelUon's  being 
put  it  pafled  in  the  negative,  as  it  de- 
fervcd  ;  for  I  am  really  furprifed  hove 
fuch  a  motion  came  to  be  made  j  as  it 
was  an  inftru£lion  that  was  impolFible 
to  bi  complied  with,  unlefs  the  com- 
mittee upon  this  bill  had  l^een  to  fit  for  at 
leaft  a  twelve  month,  in  order  to  inquiry 
jnto  and  determine  the  multitude  of 
<:laims  that  would  have  bein  made  on 
this  account  and  after  they  had  done  io 
i  fhould  be  glad  to  know  how  or  by 
whom  the  claimants  were  to  be  fatis- 
fied  i  ior  it  would  have  been  moft  un- 
juft  \o  have  charged  the  public  with 
fuch  an  expencc,  as  all  loffcs  and  da- 
^nages  occalioned  by  any  public  mea- 
fure,  which  wasabTolutcly  nectflary  for 
preventing  the  ruin  of  the  nation,  are 
accidental  mi^^^oriunes  which  every 
^ubjedl  is  obl^ed  by  t\\t  nature  of  fo- 
ciety  tp  fub;|^t  toj  the  public  may  ?if- 
terwards  in^cbarity  give  a»  much  relief 
as  it  can  fpare  to  thofe  that  have  by 
fuch  misfortunes  b^en  reduced  to  re^l 
<Jlftrcr«,  ^  but  charity  can  never  be 
chargpd^  as  a  debt  upon  the  public,  no 
BiOre^iihan  upon  any  private  man. 

^^9^  thefe  reafons  I  fay  this  motion 
dcferved  to  have  a  negative  put  upon 
it.iand  then  the  houfe,  after  having 
go«e  through  tha  bill  with  feveral 
amendments,  ordered  the  report  to  be 
xeoeived  on  the  Stl\,  wl^cn  it  was  made 
by  Mr.  l^uller,  o^p  oj  the  aratendrntnts 


Seffion  of  Parli^m^nt.    .   Jan 

diljigreed  to,  the  reft  agreed  to,  am 
feveral  amendments  being  made  bj 
the  houfe,  the  bill,  with  the  amend 
meats  was  ordered  to  be  ingrofi'ed 
On  the  9th  the  bill  bdng  now  intitie< 
a  bill  for  indemnifying  fuch  perfon 
as  have  aited  for  the  fervicc  of  thi 
public  in  advifingor  carrying  into  cxe 
cution  the  order  of  council,  of  thi 
26th  of  September  laft,  for  laying  ai 
embargo  on  all  (hips  laden  with  whea 
or  wheat  flour,  aiid  for  preventing 
fuits  in  confeqTience  of  the  faid  embar 
go,  was  read  the  third  time,  paffed 
and  fent  to  the  lords,  where  it  wa 
agreed  to  without  any  amendment 
and  received  the  royal  afleot  on  th 
i6th. 

As  to  the  fubftance  of  thit  aft  i 
will  fully  enough  appear  from  the  titl 
and  the  inllruaion  upon  which  it  wa 
founded  j  but  there  is  fomething  cii 
rious  in  the  preamble,  therefore  Lfhal 
give  it  the  reader  at  full  length.  1 
recites  as  follows  :  His  majefty  havinj 
been  pleafed,  by  an  ordef  in  council 
bearing  dste  the  «6th  of  September  laft 
to  order,  that  an  embargo  (hould  bi 
laid  upon  all  (hips  and  veifels  laden  o 
to  be  laden  in  the  ports  of  Great  Bri 
tain,  with  wh^at  or  wheat  flour  to  bi 
exported  to  foreign  parts,  from  th 
date  thereof,  until  the  i4tb  of  Novem 
ber  fallowing  :  ivbicb  order  could  no 
be  jujiffied  by  law  but  was  ^o  much  fo 
the  fervice  of  the  public,  and  io  ne 
ceQary  for  the  fafety  and  prefervatioi 
of  his  majeftr's  fubjefts,  that  it  ough 
to  be  juftified  by  aft  of  parliament 
and  all  perfons  advi/mgf  or  afting  tin 
der  or  in  obedience  to  the  (ame  in 
dcmnified  :  It  is  therefore  enafted,  &c 
From  the  firft  title  of  this  bill  we  ma] 
judge  that  the  words  in  italicks  wen 
not  at  firft  in  the  preamble,  Hut  wen 
inferted  by  way  of  amendment  in  th 
committee,  and  proceeded  from  a  jea 
louly  of  the  conllitutional  powers  o 
the  crown  which  fome  people  fccm  ftil 
to  be  polFefTcd  witl?,  though  it  couh 
never  be  more  groundlcfs  or  unfeafon 
able,  as  we  have  now  more  1  eafo'n  u 
fear  that  the  crown  has  not  a  conftitu 
tional  power  fuScient  to  ftem  the  tor 
rent  of  a  faftious  majority  in  botl 
houfes,  that  (ball  confederate  togethe 
for  fetting  up  an  oligarchy  j  but  w* 
have  now  a  great  deal  to  fear  from  ai 
anticonltational  power  in  the  crown 
which  hab  be^n  gi*owing   eicer  fine* 

176a 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


y/SS.      The  History  of  thi  lafi  Scffion  cf  Karliamcnt. 


n 


f^6Q»  fiheri  our  parlUments  fir^  began 
to  raife  a  public  rcYcnue  by  taxing  the' 
confamption  infU^  of  the  property  o^ 
the  peoplpf  and  which  it  now  called 
Wibery  aod  corruptioa. 

I  have  already  given  an  account  o€ 
tne  of  the  fortunate  bUh  brought  in 
V>d  pafled  in  cQnfe(|uence  of  the  par- 
Uacaeatary  inquiry  into  the  affairs  oft 
•ur  Baft  India  company  *  and  (hall 
^w  proceed  to  give  an  account  of 
6ich  of  the  reft  at  I  think  the  moil 
importajit.  On  the  13th  of  May,  a 
motion  was  made,  and  leave  given,  to 
taring  in  a  bill  to  regulate  the  quahfi- 
cations  of  Eaft  India  ftock,  and  Mr. 
Onflow.  Mr.  Price  Campbell,  Sir  Wil- 
liam Baker,  Mr.  Fuller,  Sir  George 
Colebrooke,  Mr.  Cuft,  Mr.  Coventry, 
Mr  Walih«  and  Mr.  Ongley  y^ere  or- 
dered to  prepare  and  bring  in  the 
kme. 

On  the  19th,  There  was  prefented 
to  the  houfe  the  following  extraordi- 
nary petition,  which,  becaufe  of  its 
beinf  of  an  extraordinary  nature, 
Knd  becaafe  of  the  extcaordinary  fate 
it  met  with,  I  (hall  give  at  full  leneth 
as  follows  :  It  was  intitled  a  petition 
of  the  united  company  of  merchants  of 
EngUnd  trading  to  the  Eafk  Indies, 
«id  being  read  \  fet  forth,  that  the  pe- 
titioners obferve,  by  the  votes  of  this 
ivoufe,  that  a  bill  is  depending  for  fur- 
ther regulating  the  making  of  divi- 
dends by  the  Eaft  India  company,  and 
that  the  petitioners  are  advifed,  that 
certain  ciaules  in  the  ftid  bill  as  now 
propofed,  if  pafTed  into  a  law,  would 
prove  extremely  prejudicial  to  the 
rights  and  property  of  the  petitioners, 
and  would  materially  affeft  gublic  cre- 
dit in  general,  as  well  as  the  particular 
intereft  of  that  company ;  and  that  the 
petitioners  apprehend  that  the  motives 
to  the  coadua  of  the  proprietors!  at 
their  late  general  courts,  with  relation 
to  the  dividend  they  have  agreed  to, 
ajs  well  as  the  circumftances  of  the 
company,  which  induced  them  to  vote 
fuch  a  dividend,  have  been  very  much 
mifuoderllood ;  ^nd  therefore  praying, 
that  the  petitioners  may  have  leave  to 
lay  before  the  houfe,  the  true  ft  ate  of 
thofe  matters,  and  may  be  heard,  by 
themfelves,  qt  their  counfel,  agitinft 
(hch  parts  of  the  (aid  bill  as  may  affne^b 
their  intereft. 

Upon  this  it  was  moved  to  refer  the 
petition,  to  the  comoittee  upon  this 


bill,  and  that  the  petitioners  fhould  be 
heard  by  their  couniel  thereupon  if 
they  thought  fit  j  and  though  the  me- 
thods  by  which  the  authority  of  the 
company  was  obtained  for  prefenting 
this  (petition  were  very  well  known, 
yet  this  motion  was  fupported  by  feve- 
xal  members ;  but,  a(  laft  it  was  moved 
and  ordered  that  the  debate  be  adjourn- 
ed till  next  day  9  after  which  it  was 
ordered,  that  the  Eaft  India  company 
do  la^  before  the  houfe,  to  morrow 
morning,  sm  account  of  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  general  court  holden  ycf- 
terday,  with  fnch  prote(h  as  were 
made  at  the  fame  court  ^  and  that  the 
chidrman  aiid  deputy  chairman  of  the 
(aid  company,  or  one  of  them,  do  at- 
tend this  houfe  to  morrow  morning ; 
andrthen  it  was  refolved,  that  the  laid 
company  do  lay  before  this  houfe  a 
Kft  of  the  names  of  the  feveral  pro- 

{metors  of  Eaft  Indi;(  ftock,  who  bal- 
otted  at  the  general  court  of  the  faid 
company  which  was  holden  yeftcrday  ; 
together  with  the  quantity  of  ftock  in 
each  perfbns  name  who  baliotted,  and 
their  places  of  abode. 

There  was  then  prefented  to  the 
hoiife  and  read  a  petition,  under  the 
modeft  title  of  a  petition  from  the  under 
fubfcribers,  proprietors  of  Eaft-India 
ftock,  and  although  it  was  of  the  fame 
tenor  with  the  former,  and  almoft  in 
the  very  fame  words,  yet  fuch  regard 
was  (hewn  to  it,  that  it  wa^  prefcntly 
referred  to  the  faid  committee,  and 
the  petitioners  had  leave  to  be  heard 
upon  their  faid  petition,  if  they 
thought  fit. 

Next  day,  before  the  debate  upon 
the  former  petition  was  refumed,  Mr. 
Ontiow  prefented  to  the  houfe  a  bill  to 
regulate  the  qualifications  of  the  pro- 
prietors of  Baft  India  ftock,  when  it 
was  read  a  firft  time,  and  ordered  to 
be  read  a  fecond  time }  and  before  the 
rifmg  of  the  houfe  they  refumed  the 
faid  adjourned  debate,  but  having 
previouay  ordered  to  be  read,  the  ac- 
count of  the  proceedings  of  the  gene- 
ral court  of  the  faid  company,  holden 
the  fgth  of  May  1767,  wherein  are 
inferted  fuch  protefts  as  were  made  at 
the  fame  court ;  and  alfo  minutes  of 
the  court  of  direAors  of  the  faid  com- 
pany, holden  on  the  19th  of  May 
i767>  relating  to  the  proteft  of  the 
faid  court  againft  the  reiolution  of  th  e 
general  court  of   the  itth  of    May 

•  Su  our  lafi  vol*  p,  6^^. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


LATE    CHANGES 


14 

i7<79  for  proceedifigr  immedittely  to 
a  ballot  on  a  queilion  propoM  at  the 
iakS  general  court  i  and  the  fame  be- 
ing accordingly  read,  they  very 
olaitily  niew;ed  that  the  petition  had 
been  obtained  by  thofe  means  which 
tbe  bill  intended  to  put  an  end  to» 
confequently  the  queftion  for  referring 
the  petition  wat  not  on]y  carried  in 
the  negative,  but  the  petition  itfelf 
rejc(5tcd. 

ITo  be  contimted  in  our  next,'] 

From  the  Political  Register. 

ro     the    EDITOR. 
SIR. 

AS  fcveraf  great  and  material 
changes  have  been  made  m  the 
sdminklration  of  government  iiitce  the 
publication  of  your  laA  number,  and 
as  your  readers  will  doubtlefs  expeft 
fome  account  of  them,  I  will  give  yoa 
what  I  believe  may  be  depended  upon: 
buty  to  date  the  apparent  motives  of 
thel'e  changes,  it  will  be  necefl'ary  to 
take  a  flight  retrofpeft  of  the  occur- 
rences of  the  laii  four  months.  It  is 
phin,  from  both  the  eventand  the  na- 
ture of  the  fu mm er- negotiation  with 
the  marquis  of  R.  (fee  our  hift  vol. 
p.  446.)  that  the  miniilry  did  not 
then  think  themlelves  ftroog  enough 
to  iland  the  enfuijig  winter ;  and  the 
death  of  Mr.  Townfliend,  which  hap- 
pened foon  after  the  failure  of  that  ne- 
fotiatioa,  rendered  them  dill  weaker, 
ly  powerful  folicitation  a  fuccefibr  to 
Mr.  Townfhend's  place  was  obtained  \ 
but  the  want  of  his  abilities  was  fe- 
verely  felt  by  the  furviving  miniflers  \ 
ahd  it  was  obvious,  that  they  could  not 
go  on  with  the  public  buiinefs  without 
receiving  fome  afTiftance  from  the  op- 
pofition.  The  Marquis  of  R.  they  had 
twice  entreated  without  effe6| ;  Mr. 
G.  they  dreaded  :  they  co^feiTed  his 
abilities,  but  were  afraid  to  put  their 
own  inferiority  into  the  fame  fcale. 
What  then  mull  they  do  ?  Or  to  whom 
Ihould  they  apply  ?  They  took  no  (leps; 
}ike  people  who  had  given  themfelves 
up  to  defpair,  they  truiled  to  chance, 
which  has  wrought  more  in  their  fa- 
vour than  any  of  their  mod  (anguine 
friends  durft  have  wiOied,  or  could 
have  expe^ed  :  for,  upon  the  meeting 
of  p— ,  it  was  evident,  from  what 
paffed  the  firft  day,    that  the  feveral 

threat  parts  of  the  oppofition  were  fo 
ar  from  beiiig  united,  that  there  was 


Jan, 


a  ftrong  diverfity  of  opinion  tmongft 
them :  upon  this  the  minifter  threvr 
out  the  offer  of  a  treaty  to  a  fele^  num- 
ber of  the  friends  of  the  D.  of  B. 
Thefe  accepted  the  propofal :  but,  ae 
it  regarded  only  a  few,  a  declaratioa 
was  made  to  the  other  refpedable 
perfons,  who  had  a^ed  with,  and 
adhered  to,  that  intereft  with  uncor* 
rupted  fidelity  4  "  7bat  it  tvoj  hoped 
their  4icceptance  of  the  offer  nvbi^k  had 
been  mmd§  to  tbem,  ^njjould  not  be  confidered 
eu  a  brea<b  0/ the  good  faith  that  hadfuk^ 
fified  betnioeen  tbem  '' 

A  fubdivifion  of  one  of  the  parts  of 
oppofition  being  thus  efFe6ied,  a  nego- 
tiation  for  terms  of  acceptance  was 
openly  fet  on  foot  ;-and,  by  the  twen- 
ty-fecond  day  of  December  1767,  the 
following  arrangements  were  agreed 
upon: 

Earl  Gower,  lord-prefident  of  the 
council,  in  the  room  6f  the  earl  of 
Northington,  who  retnres  upon  a  pen- 
iion  of  4000I,  per  annum, 
.  Earl  of  Hiilfborough,  Secretary  of 
ftate  for  the  American  cokenies.— i# 
iwu)  office, 

Vifcount  Weytnouth,  fecretary  of 
flate  for  the  northern  department  in 
t^e  room  of  Mr.  Conway. 

Mr.  Conway  to  have  the  firft  milita- 
ry vacancy  worth  his  acceptance. 

Earl  of  Sandwich,  joint  poft-mailer, 
in  the  room  of  Lord  Hiilfborough. 

Lord  Charles  Spencer,  a  lord  of  the 
admiralty,  (in  the  room  of  Mr.  Jen<« 
kinfon,  made  a  lord  of  treafury  ibme 
weeks  before. 

Right  Hon.  Mr.  Ri^by,  one  of  the 
joint  vice-treafurers  of  Ireland,  in  the 
room  of  Mr-  Ofwald,  who  retires  with 
the  reverfion  x>f  a  lucrative  place  in 
Scotland  for  his  fon. 

Hon.  Hen.  F.  Thynne,  matter  of 
the  houfhold,  in  the  room  of  Mr.  Har- 
ris, deceafed. 

Richard  Vernon,  Efq;  a  clerk  of 
the  board  of  green  cloth,  in  the  room 
of  the  Hon.  Mr.  Ore  v. 

The  idea  of  a  third  fecretary  of 
Hate,  whofe  bufinefs  is  to  be  conbned 
to  the  colonies  only,  is  not  a  new  one  i 
nor  is  it  a  meafure  that  is  wholly  un- 
necefl'ary.  It  was  originally  propufed 
at  the  time  that  Lord  Hallifax  was  iirft 
lord  of  trade;  but  the  expence  of  fuch 
an  additional  department  was  the  ob-. 
jc6iioo  to  its  being  then  carried  into 
execution,    though  it    was  intended 

that 


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ij6S. 


ACCOUNTED     FOR. 


»5 


tliat  the  emplojrment  of  third  fecre- 
mrf  (hcuki  be  gtven  to  the  fif  ft  lord  of 
trade,  io  order  to  fere  the  expence  of 
OQt  of  the  faiaries.  Upon  the  acceflk^a 
of  the  marquis  of  R.  to  power, 

the  iaioe  fcbeme  of  fecrctary  of  ftate 
for  the  colonies  was  again  adopted, 
aod  the  employment  was  ftili  intended 
to  be  givea  to  the  fif  ft  lord  of  trade, 
hr  the  fame  reafbn  as  before.  Aod^ 
to  prevent  a»  amch  as  pofllble  an  in- 
crea&  of  expence,  it  was  alfo  intended 
that  the  clerks  of  the  board  of  trade 
Ihottld  likewife  be  the  clerks  of  the 
Bew  iecrebu-y,  and  that  the  lords  of 
trade  ihouid  be  a  kind  of  council  to 
him.  Bat  when  this  plan  was  ready  to 
be  carried  into  execution,  and  nothing 
rtnuined  to  be  done,  btix  for  Lord 
Dartmoath  (who  was  then  firft  lord  of 
trade)  to  kiis  his  M— ^»*s  hand  upon 
k.  Lord  Cb— —  at  that  inftant  came 
lAto  power,  and,  becauie  he  woul4  ^^^ 
adopt  any  plan  of  a  predeceiTor's,  he 
^(approved  of  this  •fa  third  fecretary; 
which  was  the  true  and  only  realbn  of 
Lord  D^-^'^^^S'  resignation  on  the  3otH 
of  July,  1766.  Lord  Ch— 's  firft 
meaiure  of  government,  after  he  had 
made  his  arrangements,  was  to  trans- 
fer the  American  buGnefs  from  the 
board  of  trade  to  the  ofHce  of  fecretary 
£oc  the  fouthem  department,  and  the 
board  of  trade  he  reduced  to  the  capa- 
city of  a  board  of  reference  only  ;  in 
which  cajMcity,  by  thefe  laft,  altera- 
tions, it  M  ftill  to  remain. 

From  the  manner  in  which  the  co« 
kmy-bofinefs  has  of  late  been  tranf- 
aded,  or  rather  negleded,..the  necef- 
ity  of  a  fecretary  of  ftate  for  the  colo- 
nies only,  has  been  more  manifeft  ; 
and  it  would  certainly  be  deemed,  by 
Aoft  men,  a  right  meafure,  if  it  had 
■ot  the  appearance  of  zjob, 

A  creation  of  new  offices  is  an  ac- 
CMiiilation  of  power  to  the  crown, 
which  is  ever  to  be  dreaded  in  this 
coontry,  for  a  time  may  come,  when 
EngU/hmen  m2y  not  be  fo  happy  to 
have  a  George  the  Third  upon  the 
throne,  it  is  pofTihle,  that  a  prince 
of  a  contrary  complexion  and  princi- 
ples, may  hereafter  fway  the  fceptre 
of  this  country ;  and  what  can  hinder 
foch  a  prince  from  making  a  wicked 
a(e  of  this  increafed  prerogative  ?  Bur- 
act  fays,  upon  Queen  Anne's  creat- 
imm  twelve  new  peers  to  carry  the  j»b 
oTdie  peace  of  Utrecht,    thisgh  nolfodf 


C9mU  MJhnU  the  p07Joer  of  the  tromm  fli 
trtate  tio/e  petri,  yet /neb  am  extraorJi- 
nary  gxertion^  of  the  pnrogative  lums  rt-m 
garded  by  tb£  pmpU  as  £utgerou»  io  ^60 
bappmefi  and  inUrefts  of  tbt  kiMgdom^  and 
fo  in  fai^,  it  proved  ;  for,  a  few  day* 
after  the  lntrodu6tion  of  thofe  loid* 
into  the  upper  houfe,  the  court  car* 
ried  a  quettion  by  the  majority  of  them 
only.  The  minifters  then  ventured 
upon  making  that  infamoos  peace 
which  fo  immediately  fucceeded.  Ia 
a  like  manner  ought  we  to  regard, 
and  to  be  alarmed  at,  an  increafc  of 
places,  as  bein^  liable,  in  bad  hands, 
to  equal  mifchiefs  and  abufes. 

To  the  manner  of  this  new  appoint- 
ment of  a  third  fecretary  of  ftate  there 
are  two  obje^ions  $  one  is,  the  in- 
creafe  thereby  made  to  t^e  power  of 
the  crown,  which  has  been  juft  men- 
tioned ;  the  other  is,  the  expence  it 
will  be  to  the  public ;  for;  being  an 
entire  new  office,  there  muft,  of  courfe, 
be  a  new  eftabliihraent  for  it,  whicb 
will  amount  to  no  inconfiderable  Ciint 
annually.  Then  comes  the  falary  of 
the  fecretary  himfclf,  and  poflibly  aa 
under  fecrctary,  who  probably  may  be 
a  member  of^  parliament,  which,  if 
they  are  not  more,  will  at  leaft  be  the 
hme  with  thofe  of  the  other  Ocretaries 
of  ftate,  and  may  therefore  be  lafeljr 
put  down  at  Socol.  per  annum. 

So  that  upon  the  whole,  this  change 
of  hands  may  fairly  be  (aid  to  have 
been  accomplifhed  at  the  additional 
expence  of  at  leaft  14.  or  15000I.  per 


Second  Letter  from  Mr,  J.  J.  RoufTeaa 
$0  Mr.  D.  .(See  laji  i/«/.  p,  534. J 
Dear  Sir, 

THOU  GH  I  hare  long  fincc  form- 
ed  a  refolution  to  live  in  a  nar- 
row  corner  of  this  heap  of  dirt,  un- 
known to  the  world,  and  forgot  by  it  \ 
I  will  yet  take  the  liberty  of  addref- 
(ing  to  you  a  few  of  my  letters,  I 
know  the  ties  of  gratitude,  tics,  in 
my  opinion,  as  lacred  as  thofe  of 
friendship;  a  word  common  even 
among  traitors.  How  great  is  the 
number  of  thcfc  mifcreanti  I  I  will  not 
talk  like  a  moralift,  left  I  (hould 
frighten  away  the  monfters.  The 
evil  is  general,  the  remedy  ineffec- 
tual, and  a  reformation  impoffible. 

Confidcr,    weak,    vain,    and   impe- 
rious man  I  coniidcr  thy  own  infigni- 

hcancc 


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f$ 


Letter  frim  Rbufldaul 


JsOT. 


icanct,  thy  ci^  nothingheft  t  remeni'^ 
ber  the  duft  whence  thou  art  fpruitgr  f 
and  if  the  view  of  thy  olrigin  filll  thw 
trith  humility  ;  why,  let  me  a(k  thee^ 
4oft  thou  ever  lofc  figlvt  of  It  ? ,  Wind 
inonfter  I  thou  art  great  only  in  thind 
#wn  eyes.  Quit  thy  pr^ud  palaces, 
withdraw  from  the  buille  of  popUk>us 
tfitfet  i  come»  if  thou  haft  couri^, 
come,  and  learn  wifdom  in  thefe  woOdsJ 
Behoid  f  hofe  animals,  vile  indeed;  in' 
t4iy  efHmation!  but  hehord  and  ad- 
mire them,  and  be  covei-^d  thyfelf  with 
frame.  Amongft  them  there  pi^&ils 
no  rivalOiip;  nature  is  their  g;uide 
and  their  ia«r,  Uniform  and  innocent 
nature  j  but  that  fame  nature,  which 
thou  aUedgeft  in  excufe  of  thy  crimes  $ 
upon  her  thou  throweft  the  blame  of 
all  thofe  black  and  atrocious  deeds, 
which  proceed  only  from  thy  own  hf  ad- 
ftrong  and  brutal  pafiions.  Oh  1  man, 
kow  contemptible  art  thou  in  my  eyes  1 
Thou  monger  of  iniquity  *  But,  f'uch 
is  thy  incurable  blindnefs,  thou  art 
not  alhamed  of  thy  own  wickedn^fa. 

You  fee,  my  dear  friend,  I  am  not 
afraid  to  difcover  to  you,  my  moft 
ftcret  thoughts.  There  are  ftill  in  the 
^orld  fome  MtGt  fpirits,  who  deferve 
fhat  tender  appellation,  that  honour- 
able title,  infinitely  preferable  to  M 
rhofe  vain  titles,  which  human  vanity 
hath  arrogated  to  itfelf.  You  deferve, 
fay  dear  friend,  by  your  ingchuous 
tondu£t^i  the  warmeft  wifhes  of  my 
keart  \  you  have  already  deferved  them 
by  your  difintereftednefs  and  eenero- 
fity.  A  prcfent  fo  fmall  is  little  wor- 
thy of  your  acceptance  :  may  mv  zeal 
and  fi ncerity  add  valoe  to  the  gift. 

1 4obk  down  with  difHaiii  upon  the 
pride  of  cities.  To  me  a  retired  and 
ioKtary  life  hath  charms  more  attrac- 
tive than  the  gilded  palaces  of  kings; 
jialaces  of  dirt,  erected  by  vanity,  and 
inhabited  by  vanity,  i  he  true  mo- 
aarch,  is  he  who  enjoys  himfelf,  were 
ik  in  the  midft  of  the  moft  gloomy 
ferefts.  To  you,  ye  wild  beafts,  to 
you  of  right  belongs  the  foveretgnty  of 
the  woods :  you  pofTefs  them  as  malters. 
'Tit  man  alone,  that  cruel  monftcr, 
that  troubles  your  repofe.  Not  fatis- 
fied  with  making  war  upon  his  equals, 
he  conies  armed  fdr  your  dett ration  ^ 
for  you  he  lays  fnares,  and.  with  a  heart 
full  of  malice,  he  rubs  you  of  thofe 
hIcffingSy  which  he  hath  not  procuicd 
for  you,    but  which  you  denv«  irem 


nature  I  yoa,  who,  content  witii 
acorns  or  thiilfes,  envy  him  not  hH 
treafiires,  fVequently  the  fruit  of  hii 
rapine  and  extortion. 

Yes,  myxfcar  fiiend,  I  can  eafily 
read  the  fentiments  of  your  heart  j 
€Jf  that  heatt,  fo  tender,  fo  fmccre  and 
Virtuous.  YoCi  appi^ve  my  condu6^, 
and  I  am  proud  of  your  approbation.* 
Generous  Pylades  I  I  could  live  the 
age  of  Neftor  tvith  fuch  an  Orcftes  as 
yoii  5  but  incdnffcancy,  you  know,  iii 
the  chara6ier}ftic  of  man  ;  and  fiich,  I 
Own,  it  my  foible.  I  ato  a  man,  and^ 
t(  confequence,  am  fubjedt  to  the  faiU 
iKgs  of  humanity.  Elbquent  in  delii 
Verialf  the  moft  excellent  precepts, 
mew  are  thfemfelvcs  the  firft  to  tranf- 
^efs  thtem : '  they  fuffel*  thcmfelves  t<> 
be  hurried  away  by  the  whirlwind  of 
inconitancy.  A  thoufand  times  have 
i  made  vows;  a  thoufand  times  have 
I  broken  them.  I  confefs  my  faults  | 
I  repent  of  them ;  and  next  moment  I 
fall  into  new  ones.  With  fo  many 
6aufes  for  humility  and  abafement. 
6ught  any  one  in  this  world  to  be  puft 
lip  with  pride  ?  You  fee,  my  friend, 
I  acknowledge  my  weaknefs,  and  d(> 
not  didemble  it ;  bUt  pity,  tended 
pity,  (hall  always  be  my  favourite  vir- 
tue. I  could  luit  my  temper  to  the 
humours  of  the  world :  but  I  dread 
men,  and  their  dark  defigns  \  and  I 
therefore  withdraw  Tnyfclf  from  thd 
BOife  of  thofe  venemous  infe6ts,  wh6 
want  oaly  to  fting  atkl  bite  you,  and 
to  Idck  your  blood,  to  fatten  thci^ 
own  leannefs.  I  fly  Inen  without  hat- 
ing them  :  I  only  hate  their  vices  ; 
and  hateful  as  thefe  are,  why  ihould 
I  love  them  ? 

Long,  perhaps  too  long,  have  phi- 
k>fof>hers  declaimed  againft  perndy,' 
clifhonefty,  treachery;  monfleu  brerf 
in  fociety  j  nourifhed,  cherifhcd,  and 
•ncoui*aged  in  fociety.  Overturning 
their  reafbnin^  by  the  coaife  of  their 
axioms,  men  biive  offered  iiiccnfe  to* 
the  ruins  of  thofe  idols,  which  they 
had  juft  been  deltroyiug ;  and  lorry, 
it  would  feera,  for  having  denioliftted 
them  with  one  hand,  they  have  reared 
them  up  with  the  other,  and  have  paid 
them  all  their  worfhip.  Such  is  man  i 
luch  is  that  being,  who,  with  the  moft 
ridiculous  vanity,  prefers  bimlelf  X6 
other  animals,  and  dares  infollentl^ 
fay,  "  I  have  reafon  for  my  guide.** 
Why,  thou  monftcr !  thorn  odious  rbtri^ 

pound 


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17S8.  Cafe  ef  dfr48uridR%  ^a 


»7. 


paoptdof  bafi»efii,  ofignomioey  and 
fnckabds»  why  then  doft  thon  not 
makit  nfi^  <^u  ?  Exjilt  thyfelf  at  much 
m  thoa  wilt,  thy  roiierjr  is  not  on  that 
armnt  the  left  real. 

l«ni  weuy,  my  dear  liriend,  of  writ- 
lagtoyoo,  truths  ib  mortifying  to  bu- 
Banity  ;  and,  perhaps,  at  the  fame 
liflK  I  aboie  yoor  parience  \  but  this  is 
a  fiifpicion,  which,  without  doing 
^o«  iniufticey  I  can  by  no  means  en* 
tRtun.  I  know  yon  too  well  to 
4ofibc  your  cocnp^ifance.  Adieu,  Sir; 
accept  lay  moft  humble  refpefb. 

J.  J.  RoussBAtr. 

MxtraB  fnm  fhi  third  F^tme  ff  Medi-. 
cai  Ob(enradons  and  Enquiries.  By 
A  Society  of  Pbyiicians  in  London. 

O^  ^  sJirsBured  Kjh^  and  anmarka- 

hie  Emplyftma, 
^    A    Man  about  ^xty  years  of  age» 

XlL  of  a  heahhy  conftitution^  imd 
hx  fiyres,  on  the  tSth  of  May,  tf6%f 
leU  with  Tiolcfice  on  the  fpiked  points 
•f  a  paliiading.  Externally,  there  ap* 
Cleared  so  wound,  but  a  flight  fcratch, 
with  little  or  no  teniion  or  ioflamma- 
tioB*  "  On  examining  the  part;  one 
vf  the  ribs  of  the  left  fide  was  found 
badured  j  and,  on  preiTing  gently,  a 
liBiii  emphyiematoos  tumor  was  per* 
Mved  upon  the  part^  about  the  fize 
ci  a  crown-piece. 

Ofl  the  leail  mot]on«  be  breathed^ 
with  pain  and  di£^u1ty.  He  was  im- 
jBediately  Wed  pretty  freely.  The 
poit  was  embrocated  with  fpirits  and 
vinmr,  and  a  pUfloer,  coraprefs,  and 
bandage  applied.—- About  iix  o'clock 
ihe  iame  evening,,  the  patient  was  in 
much  pain,  and  the  trunk  of  his  body, 
with  one  iideof  his  face,  much  fwelled. 
The  plafter  and  bandage  were  removed, 
and  the  cmphyfema  was  found  to  ex- 
tend itfelf  over  bo^  breaib,  all  along 
the  left  fide  backward,  to  the  fpine, 
down  as  k>w  as  the  os  facrum  and 
fljom,  all  along  the  neck  and  face^ 
HMticulariy  on  the  fide  on  wl^ich  be 
had  lain,  (o  that  the  right  eye- lids 
were  much  io^ated,  and  the  eye  in* 
tirdy  clofed  up. 

On  fuch  unexceptionable  authority, 
without  farther  hefitation,  a  longitu- 
dinal inciixon  was  made  of  about  an 
inch  and  a  half,  above  the  fraSure, 
ivbete  the  fweUiog  appeared  mod  pro- 
vioent.    The  air  immediately  rulhed 

Jaa#  1767. 


out  with  |K>ife  and  violence,  and  even 
a  coniiderable  time  afterwards,  by 
ftroking  and  oreiEng  the  parts  all' 
around,  towards  the  opening,  con- 
tinued to  pafs  oflF,  with  a  piping, 
crackling  noife.  He  was  very  foon 
moii  fenhbly  relieved  by  the  operation* 
and  could  breathe  and  fwalJow  prett/ 
freely,  which  he  could  not  do  before 
without  pain  and  difficulty. 

The  fame  gentle  efforts  were  per^ 
fevered  in,  for  near  an  hour  and  half» 
by  which  the  fwelling,  in  every  part> 
was  greaMy  reduced,  and  the  right 
eye  perfcdtiy  freed  and  opened.  Aim 
ter  dreiXxng  the  part  fuperficially,  a 
Urge  comprefs^  dipped  in  fpirits  andl 
vinegar,  with  a  Jong  flannel  bandage^ 
was  applied  pretty  tight,  round  the 
whole  trunk.— -At  three  or  four 
O^clock  next  morning,  he  became  very 
uneafy,  the  fwelling  increafed,  and 
confequently  the  thorax  became  too 
much  confined  by  the  (Irid^re  of  the 
bandage,  which  beins  removed,  an4 
the  parts  again  ftroked  towards  the 
orifice,  a  large  quantity  of  air  waa 
evacuated.  After  this,  he  was  again 
fenfibly  relieved,  and  (lept  fome  hours 
in  a  pofhire  between  fitting  and  lying. 

About  ten  the  next  morning,  he 
was  much  cooler,  his  pulfe  more  mo- 
derate and  regular,  his  third  greatly 
abated,  and  his  refprration  fVce.  On 
removing  the  bandage,  though  the 
fwelling  was  not  much  inci-^a'ed  on 
the  injured  part,  yet  it  had  extended 
itfelf  all  along  the  right  fide,  and 
down  below  the  cubit  of  the  right  arm 
particularly,  which,  on  prefiing,  made 
a  confiderable  crackling  noife,  fo  that 
it  might  be  heard  all  over  the  room. 

The  next  day,  the  emphyfema  had 
affc<5lcd  the  groins,  and  the  upper 
part  of  the  fcrotuni,  but  in  every  other 
place  ieemed  at  a  ftand.  From  this 
time,  the  emphyfema  gradually  fubfid- 
ed,  in  all  parts  of  the  body,  fo  that  no 
more  incifions  were  thought  necefTary. 
Whenever  he  coughed,  he,  could  hear 
the  air  fly  o^  with  a  bubbling  noife, 
from  the  orifice/' 

In  this  article,  there  is  the  follow^ 
ing  letter  from  Dr.  Huxham  to  Mr^ 
Leake,  on  empbyfematoos  care8>  from 
internal  caufes. 

.  «*  Dear  Sir, 

The  cafe  of  the  emphy(ematous  p:i- 
tient,  which  you  ^ave  drawn  up,  and 
whicbi  you  know,  I  alio  examined,  i$ 

C  very 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


it 

▼ery  fimiltr  to  t1i*t  fo  lodicioiifly  rdat- 
e4  by  Dr.  Hunter,  ih  the  fecond  vo- 
tome  of  the  medical  Obfervationi  and 


inquiries. 

Indeed,  an  emphyfema  doth  npt  un- 
ct)mmon1y  happen  on  a  frafture  of  the 
libs,  and  a  laceration  of  a  lobe  of  the 
lungs.  But  an  emphyfema  of  a  large 
extent,  without  any  kind  of  lacertitioA 
of  the  lungs,  or  fraftute  of  a  rib,  it 
Hot  fo  common,  nor  fo  eafily  account- 
ed for.  The  following  cafe  is,  I  think, 
Ibmewbat  fingulan 


dafo  of  an  Imphyfe"^.  JanI 

that  putridity,  lK>th  in  ▼e^^eCabte  ami 
animal  fubiuncee,  gcncratet  air»  cnr 
rather  raifet  it  from  a  fited  to  an  da& 
tic  (Ute. 

I  am  perfuaded  this  more  fireqvcotljr 
happens  ih  ptttrid  oiaUgaant  fevert» 
than  if  commonly  imagined  %  and  iti» 
not  improbable,  that  eiaftic  air  may  be 
generated  even  in  the  arterial  and  ve* 
ilous  fyftem,  and  be  produSive  of  t^-^ 
rible  fymptoms,.  vaft  oppreffion^  anx* 
iety,  palpitation,  intermitdng  puKe» 
deiiqv —     •"    — t-t-t.  —  -. —  ^r^ — 


About  three  years  ag6,  a  fuU-bo* 
4ied,  middle  aged,  failor  (Michael 
Mc.  Cann,  of  the  Modeftc  man  of 
war)  was  feitcd  with  H  putrid  fever 
and  fore'  throat.  He  was  bled  at  the 
beginning,  but  his  blood  appearing  in 
a  loofe,  diflblving  ftatc,  he  ^as  bled 
no  more.  A  blifter  was  alft)  applied 
between  his  ihouldcrs,  which  fooA 
dried  up. 

About  the  yth  or  8th  day  of  his  dif- 
cafc,  an  emphyftmatous  fWcHirtg  ap- 
peared in  his  face,  neck,  and  all  over 
his  brcaft,  efpeciallyoh  the  right  (ide. 
The  (kin  w^s  very  greatly  ftufFcd  up, 
and  made  a  crackling  noife  under  the 
fingers,  when  touched,  as  if  you  had 
bandied  a  half,  blown,  dry  bladder, 
and  the  patient  was  exceeding  ftifF,  and 
uneafy  with  it« 

Mr.  Montagu  Bacon,  the  chiitf  foi^ 
^con  of  the  navy-hofpital  here,  ^  and 
Sie  other  forgcons  attenditig,  wer* 
deiirous  that  I  fhould  be  coiifulted, 
and  fee  it,  as  (bmething  very  uncom- 
mon ;  which  I  accordingly  did.  I 
examined  it  with  great  care,  and 
^und  the  tumor  altogether  flatulent, 
and  a  compleat  emphylema.  I  advifed 
the  fomenting  it  with  (harp  vinegar 
and  camphorated  fpiritofWme,  and, 
if  that  (hould  not  fucceed,  to  fcarify 
5t  (lightly.  The  tumor  totally  vaniih- 
cd  in  two  or  thlree  days  without  any 
fcarification ;  and  he  foon  recovered 
from  the  fever  5  but  he  continued  very 
weak  for  a  long  time  Imd  remained 
very  fcorbutic  as  be  was  before  the  fe- 
ver, his  gums  being  very  fpongy,  and 
bleeding  on  the  llighteil  touch,  ox 
rubbing. 

•  Here  the  emphyfema  was  generated, 
merely  by  the  putrcfccnce  of  the  hu- 
nvours,  as  i$  frequently  obferved,  in  a 
Icfs  degriee,  ih  and  about  the  incipient 
gangraehcs  of  the  limbs,  &c:  'Tis 
eeitain,  from  numbcrlefi  experiments. 


lUquram,  &c«  which  are  too  often 
obfervtd  towards  tlie  dofe  pf  ptitrid 
fetert. 

Hence,  probably,  the  fudden  fwel* 
fihgs,  haemorrhages*  and  putrefaftloia 
of  bodies  dying  in  fuch  diftempcrs  }. 
tbrtmphyrematous  tnmor  of  the  wkol« 
habit  of  the  beads,  feized  with  th# 
late  dlfea(b  amongft  the  horned  ca'ttle^ 
is  well  known  \  and  it  is  noted  in  com- 
mon cookery,  that  mutton,,  or  beef^ 
tainted,  and  beginning  to  grow  putrid, 
wiH  not  (ink  even  in  hot  water,  th« 
putrefa^oa  {^neradng  air  in  tb# 
iutctt* 

I  am,  &c*** 

EntraS  of  a  LetUr  from  a  Ginilioum  ' 
rejtdewt  at  Naples ^  to  bit  Frkmd.in  Loft* 
don,  nuho  formerly  refided  tbere^  relate 
ing  to  the  me  Eruptwierf  Vdfttviut. 
«'  V  Y  rS  have  hiive  had  a  moft  extras 
VV  ordinaiy  eruption  of  Vcfiivi*. 
ill.  The  tieginntng  of  it  k  exttlti^ 
deifbribed  in  yliny^s  (ird;  letter,  mhA, 
the  ^h  alarm  wattakoi  from  aco^ 
lumn  of  black  fmdak,  thrown  out  iHck 
fuchviolence  as  fo  appear  an  immen% 
pine-tree  branching  ont  on  all  fides 
after  a  great  hd^bc-  of  fteijfi )  whoa 
the  diminution  Ofthe  force  that  thre^ 
it  out,  allowed  the  air  tb  Operate  b^ 
fprcading  it.  The  whole  mountain 
was  foon  wrapped  round  with  utter 
darknefs,  and  iu  )^lace  was  only  to  bb 
diftinguiihed  by  the  many  ftreamt  <}f 
fire  that  were  darted  in  different  dls? 
re^Hons,  and  made  thia  darknefil  Vifi* 
ble.  Thefe  different  directions,  atHtft: 
unaccountable,  appeared  to  me  afhn^- 
wards  by  my  glMTea  to  be  produced 
frpm  the  firfstbat  was  tbtoWn  out  froAa 
feveral  mouths,  in  whatever  direSlion 
was  imprefTed  upon  it  from  the  fid^s 
of  the  mouths  on  its  being  thrown  out. 
It  was  very  extraordinary  to  obfen^ 
fome  of  thefe  (breams  of  are  perpendi- 
cularly defcending,  whilit  others  w«« 

ihoji 


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1 7*8.  Zm  ^rufUouof  Mount  Vcfqviyj* 


\9 


4of  iipiwd«  Iq  ai  ftrait  line  $  the  fpf- 
mer  appearance  W^  Qwing  (o  innume- 
raUe  acceofed.  ftones  in  tbdr  fall, 
after  having  been  thrown  from  (baxe 
fupedor  aperture*  that  acquired  fuch 
Telocity  from  their  weight  and  fuch  a 
bleiidi^  of  light  from  their  proximity, 
that  they  feemed  one  Impetuous  tor- 
rent of  Ere }  though  on  the  ufual  ap- 
pearance of  thefe  falling  (lonet,  thej 
are  fc^ttered  and  i^re  plainly  to  be  d^ 
ftiu)ilihe4  at  (eparai^  t)odies. 

All  thify  aaa  qieer  obje^  of  ^ght> 
woald  rather  have  been  amufmg ;  %iit 
a  frequency,  of  the  moil  terrible  explo- 
'iiona  made  it  very  alarming.  The 
Boiibof  the  large^  oai>mon  &ed /r^m 
the  cafUe  not  three  hundred  yards 
from  me,  is  a  meer  whifperto  thefe 
fxplo&ans.  My  little  houHiold  was 
all  retreate4  to  the  room  backwardii 
built- again^  the  hiU,  and  I  own  I 
made  mo^  of  my  obfervations  in  tl^e 
doorway  of  my  i^twA  and  thickei^ 
i»alL     One  or  two,  however,  themoft 


unwilling  to  anticipate  matters  (he  wat 
not  in  the  rear  of  this  belter-flcelter ; 
but  her  ladyfhip  thought  herfelf  ib 
unfafe  at  Naples,  that  I  am  told  ihe 
.continued  her  flight  to  Caferta. 

The  ncxjt  day  was  quieted  by  a 
profufe  laya  th^t  has  filled  up  the  hol- 
low way  between  the  hcrijijts  and  VefM- 
vius  of  at  le^ft  a  hunilre^  feet  in  depth* 

The  iecond  night,  hpwever,  was  a|s 
boiderous  at  the  mountain,  but  npt 
fo  alarmiAfi;  at  K^ples  as  the  f^rdi  tlje 
mountain  naying  burft^  fboner  and  on 
the  other  fide  of  it,  from  whence  it  w^ 
delivered  of  a  lava  equally  copious  aftfr 
fewer  throws. 

The  third  ()ay  the  agitation  of  the 
,  earth  and  air  was  triflina;  j  but  ^n  ioi. 
menfe  quantity  of  cinders  and  afhfa 
filled  the  whole  atmofphere,  fo  as  |o 
take  our  good  fun  from  uib  and  to  leaye 
ns  no  more  than  you  have  of  hrfi  in 
London,  'when  thoufands  of  le/s  alarm- 
ing volcanos  from  gpod  kitchens  reft- 
der  tke  air  in  winter  often  impervioMt 


lever?  of  thefe  (hocks  that  raifed  old  to  any  but  Jii|  (^rongeH  rays.  T  ^e^^ 

Porq  [the  writer^s  maitre  d^otel]  who  peared  all  this  da)r  of  the  fanguinioifs 

till  then  kept  by  me,  off  the  ground,  ^ colour,  which  Plipy  ^efcribes  hin^  ya. 

laade  me  hefiuu  and  think  of  making  on  a  like  pccafion.,  .     . 

a  prudent  retreat ;  but  that  it  occurred        The  fourth  day^  we  hac),  for  th/^e 

to 'tne,  the  ftreets  might  have  been  hours  or  more,  one  continual  thunder^ 

cc^ually  dangerous  to  a  Known  heretic  'without  the  terrible  explofions,   hovif 

SBixing  with  proceiiions  after  pi61ures  'ever,  of  the  firil  and  fecond  nighty  $ 


1^  Madonas  or  faints,  with  which  the 
wholercity  wa«  all  night  crowded.  Tlie 
inurveation  fnight  bavQ  beeiS  as  dan- 
^eroui  as  it  has  prpved  to  be  at  the 
bquefa£lion  of  the  blood  of  the  good 
Amt  of  oar  mob,  who  are  infpired  hly 
him  with  a  rage  that  it  is  moft  prudent 
$o  keep  out  of  the  way  of. 

The  (hocks  afterwards  feemcd  to 
abate,  or  I  was  more  ufed  to  then^, 
and  a  moil  comfortable  lava  made  ifs 
ially  IJrom  a  feeming  ooening  of  the 
whole  4df  at  once,  and  ru(hed  fpr- 
wards  ifvitb  an  in^petuoiity  that  in  two 
hours  brought  it  within  two  miles  of 
Porttd.  which  quieted  me  for  that 
night.  The  king  was  then  at  his  pa- 
hot  there,  which  Vesuvius  feemed  to 
be  reclaiming  from  his  majefty's  ep- 
CKMcbments.  T(^  place  was  by  no 
,  means  held  tenable  againft  him>  and 
the  king,  th^  cour^iersy  and  numbers 
of  famUies  then  in  tfieie  environs  at 
their  ville  gratura^  fcampered  awf  y  - 
about  midnight,  all  truly  perfuaded 
that  tbi^  devil  would  take  the  nindmoft. 
;^  our  friend  the  counteft,  was  stvy 


-  Hi 
and  J  took  great  comfort  to  myfc^f 
(on  feeing  the  conftant  courfe  of  cii|* 
w^  and  aOies  thrown  up)  to  look  ua. 
on  it  as  the  tSt^  only  of  a  double 
lunged  bellows,  blown  by  aU  the 
winds  from  half  the  |k>ints  of  the  con^- 
pafs,  that  would  foon  deftroy  or  fcp^- 
rate  the  combyftible  enemy  we  had  (o 
deal  with.  Accordingly  thefe  afhes 
were  the  only  inconvenience  that  re- 
mained i  which  on  Sunday  the  feventh 
4av  was  fo  great,  that  \  waf  obliged  to 
£^Iop  home  with  ipy  eve«  (hut,  as^  I 
could  no  longer  open  (hem  from  t)ic 
pain  thefe  a|hes  put  me  to.  <  , 

AH  IS  now  quiet}  and  the  lava  en 
thi^  (ide  is  flopped,  after  laying  yira^ 
the  largeft  track  pf  cultivated  giuHipd 
that  it  ever  deflroyed.  at  once  within 
this  country.  The  great  eruptions  of 
it  have  been  in  the  year— 7,  in  the 
year V-37,  and  this  oif— 67.  Ile^ve 
your  deep  natuialifts  to  account  for 
this  periodical  ^rifis  \  and  it  may  i^ot 
be  the  firll  meer  accident  that  has 
given  birth  to  a  profound  fyftem.  The 
good  people  of  Naples  vvere  equally 

C  a  ^      alarmsd 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


a« 


Laughable    SupiRSTiTtON,' 


alarmed  with  the  cotirtitrs  at  an  anti- 
cipation of  their  future  date,  and  had 
Ttcoorfe  as  ufukT  to  their  protestor  to 
avert  the  omen.  The  cardinal  arch- 
biftipp's  palace  was  accordingly  invcft- 

fd  at  midnight  by  thoufands  of  fturdv  thooeM,  tbe  couric  or  tnc  JLavt, 
beggars,  that  his  eminence  would  a*-  which  had  abated  of  its  violence 
iwit  them  to  San  Gennaro's  chapel  to     about  fi?c  hoyrs  before,  and  continued 


Jail, 

now  he  was  out  %  vifitlngy  that  ha 
(hould  call  at  a  favourite  Mtdona^t, 
which  the  mob  moft  readily  oo^fented 
to,  and  this  way  be  welit  quietly  home, 
after  having  flopped  as  the  vulgir 
thoogftt,    the   courfe    of   the   Lava, 


■prefent  their  fupplications  more  imme- 
diately within  his  fainrthip*s  hearing. 
But  the  wife  paftor,  apprehcnfivc  that 
thcfe  .votaries  woold    be  Aire  to  get 
Yomethin|  at  laft  by  a  midnight's  vifit 
-^^to  the  faint's  rich  manfion,  abfolutely 
-refufed  ;  on  which  they  fct  fire  to  his 
palace.  It  muft  have  been  burned  with 
•the  people  in  it,  who  dared  not  ftir 
-0ut,  had  it  not  been  that  the  mob  was 
^divided  into  knaves  and  fools ;  and  as 
*faft  as  the  thieves  applied   the  f\rt- 

*  brand,  the  devotees  took  them  away. 
'  The  next  day,  however,  the  mqb 
-prevailed  for  a  procefTion  of  the  faint  i 

They  had  the  cardinal  and  nobility 
^  under  fach  command  that  they  ordered 
"inoft  peremptorily  the  whole  them* 
ielves,  and  oblifea  the  old  gentry,  whp 
^•could  fomc  of  them  ill  fet  one  foot  be- 
fore the  pthpr,  to  walk  to  Pontc,  Ma- 
'  delena,  [a  bridge  bettveen  Naples  and 

•  Vefavius]  with  the  faint  at  their  head, 
"and  a  moft  terrible  mob  at  their  heels. 

After  having  refted  the  faint  on  the 
'  bridge  with  his  face  to  the  Lava,  and 
-deprecated  through  his  grace  the  de- 

Ikruftion  it  thrcatncd  with  their  ufual 


the  fame  abated  courfe  for  two  dtyi 
after;  but  it  muft  be  owned  they  had 
better  ground  for  aflertin^,  as  they  dO| 
|be  prefent  miracle,  than  wh^t  miracle 
are  generally  built  on." 

Ta  the  IPrinter  oftbi  Public  AdvartifcT, 
SIR, 

IHad  really  almoft  atq^ir^  humi- 
lity enough  to  think  you  had  total- 
ly forgotten  me ;  but  a  hint  you  dropp- 
ed in  one  of  your  paperi  lately,  ha» 
blown  up  the  little  remaining  fpark  of 
vanity  5  and  in  hopes  my  whindficU 
reflexions  may  not  be  upplealm^  to 
the  indulgent  ^rt  of  your  reader*;  i 
have  again  ventured  to  fcrawl,  Tl| 
true,  after  the  indulgence  you  ha« 
ihewn  me,  in  befng  fo  ready  to  give 
a  place  in  your  paper  to  my  trifles,  \ 
(hould  not  have  been  fo  long  witbotit 
troubling  you,  had  it  not  been  for  an 
excurfion  I  have  made  to  Paria,  aYid 
fome  other  occupations  which  havfe 
prevented  my  writing.    I  (hould   be 

f;lad  to  give  you  fome  account  of  my 
ourney,  but  I  protein  tp  you  I  know 
not  how  to  begin  \  and  Indeed  had  i. 


frantic  geifturcs  and  howling,    till  the     gone  to  Grand  Cairo,^  I  ihould  bate 


day  was  (hutting  in,  they  began  their 
'march  back  again.     This,   to  relieve 

the  old  Ecntr^  almoft  expiring  with 
^'thelr  fright  and  their  exercife,  was  at 
•  ^rft  Jhtertdtd    for  the  ihorteft  way  j 

but  luckily  it  was  reflcded  upon, 
'  that   this  fhortcft  way  paffcd   by  the 

prifon  of  thTfc  Vicariai  where  four  thou- 

iand  San  Gerinaro'sf:^ithfuls  were  gtir- 
'-  ing  the  only  fecurity  to  be  had  f6r 


learnt  no  more  than  in  my  tour  to 
Paris  I  nor  ever  (hould  have  been  able 
to  meafure  the  lead  of  the  Pyramida 
for  want,  of  "having  learnt  geometi^. 
This  I  can  affure  you,   that,    in  fpita 

'  Of  the  fine  accounts  X  have  read,  and 
the  fine  things  I  have  heard  of  thif 
tour,  all  was  new  to  me.  I  was  jul^ 
in  the  fitoation  of  a  child  that  ^oea 

'  the  firft  time  to  fee  a  puppet  iho#, 


their  good 'behaviour  j   that  the  mob,     and  who,   of  all  the  fine  thin^  it  feei» 


'  foi^ched  v^ith  a  fellow  feeling  of  this 
ad  verity, '  which  mi^ht  fo  foon  ,come 
*  to  be  their  own,  might  probably  rie- 
'  fluire  from  the  Saint  an  adt  of  grace 
for  their- confined  friends^  and  that 
tbk  turbulent  time  w^.<;  ill  adapted  to 
the  letting  out  four'  thoufand  fellows. 
There  was  a  difficult)'  in  changing  the 
^out  which  bad  been  mention  cd^   but 


remembers,  none  but  Paticbitiiih,  or, 
perhaps, 'the  little  boy  who  lights  ottt 
the  quality.  If  you  aflc  roe  how  maiyf 
churches  or  conventa  there  are  at  Ca- 
lais, St.  Omcr's,  Arras,  &c.  I  know 
nothing  about  it :  I  have  feen^churcht • 
hefore  \  and  ther^  is  not  any  thing  in 
the  exterior  of  af  convent  that  coutd 
ch\m  my  attentibn.     But  the  ]itt)c 


an  expedient  was  well  hit  of  by  pro-  ^  Bon  Dieuxs  one  'meets  with  tt  every 
pofmg,  as  a  compiiii|ent  ^o  th^  Saintj    corner  of  the  road  was  really  and  trul/ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t?<8. 


Vdfislyahd  Filly  of  ibi  Frtricti.'' 


for  me  a  aotetty.  They  gave  mh 
abondince  of  pleaiure  in  caufing  me 
to  recoiled  my  baby-bonfe,  of  wbiph 
I  was  imOienreYy  fond  a  flew  yean 
ago;  but  poficivdy,  in  fplte  of  the 
preteniions  the  French  have  to  drefs,  I 
did  oot  fee  between  Calais  and  Paris 
nt  finglt  bonne  tfUrfe  half  (b  well 
dre&d  as  my  doll  u£d  to  be.  Some 
people  may  think  I  have  made  aii  odd 
xomparilbn ;  but  they  have  nothing 
more  to  do  to  be  convinced  of  the 
propriety  of  it,  than  to  make  a  trip 
that  way  with  a  mifs  of  four  o^  iivt 
yean  o}d  |  and  if  (he  does  not  cry  for 
tfae  pretty  doll  in  the  cage,  I  promife 
never  to  attempt  a  CotapaHibn  ag^nn. 
I  hope  it  will  not  be  thought  levity  ill 
mt  to  laugh  at  this  mummery  ot  re^ 
ligion;  for  if  I  ivas  hot  convinced 
that  evflly  fenfible  catholic  would  rio% 
only  forgive,  biHjoin  with  me  in  rr- 
diciiliiig  thcfe  incentives '  to  bigotf^, 
I  could  find  in  the  manhers  of  the 
|>eoplc  enou^  to  fiitisfy'  the  indiha^ 
'tion  I  have  to  b^  merry.  I  freely 
«onfe6,  that  I  hhd  in  this  journev 
laoehing  enough^  but  in  dire6l  con*- 
^ra$£HoA  to  the  proverb  5  .fir  in  theife 
excorfions  of  the  EngUfli'  it  is  evident 
the  French  arc  the  winners  j-  nay,  I 
may  venture  to  fay,  the  kughers  too 
wi^  rooft  of  thofe  who  gO'  amongft 
tkm  i  and  I  think  we  are  Obliged  to 
their  coroptaifa<ice,  if  diey  wait  tiU 
ew  backs  are  turned  before  they  make 
^k  of  their  privilege.  It  it  not  amoneft 
people  of  a  certain  rank  in  life,  who 
eve  their  manners  more  to  good- 
breeding  than  to  nature,  that  one 
ihould  look  for  the  character  of  a  peo- 
ple, but  rather  amongfi  the  .middling 
Ibrt ;  and  if  I  may  be  allowed  to  forth 
a  judgment  from  thefe,  whilft  the 
French  ftije  u^the  baugbtf  ijUuuitri, 
they  themfelvei  may  be  faid  to  havie 
noie  vioaty  ihzp^  apy  people  upon 
earth. 

Mymantuamadcer,  thinking  to  pay 
ne  -the  higheft  compliment  in  her 
power,  aflured  me  I  had  the  look  of 
a  French  woman,  'votis  at/m  matUmoi' 
/tie  Voir  'u^ritMememt  Frmitcdife,  My 
miirmer,  who  perhsips  did  not  think 
lb  highly  of  my  accompiilhments  as 
the  other,  was  amaced  that  any  creai- 
turc,  not  French,  fhould  know  any 
thing.  CommfHf  ?  M^uUtnsifeiU .'  <vmu 
^tvez  da  gsuff  mau,  vtfimmettt !  Ji'V9nt 
ffftiiz  quel^ue  terns  farm  nous,  qn  four* 


roit  V9MS  frendn  pbvr  wu  Prsituoifi  t 
Whilft  the  frifcur,  with  that  a/Turance 
peculiar  to  his  profeHion,   and  a  gri- 
mace  adapted    to    the    compliment, 
makes   no    ceremony  of   faying  the 
£n^li(h  are  no  judges  pf  what*  is  ele* 
gant  or  hecomtn?.    The  meaneft  me- 
chanic you  eropToy  at  Paris  looks  on 
himfelf  as  one  authorifed  to  reform 
your  tafte>  and  make  you  tout  a  fmt 
frahcois.    Nor  is  this  altogether  the 
opinion  of  the  vulgar  \  for  thofe  wbofil 
education  (hould  have  rendered  them 
above  common  pr^udiee  meafure  yoa 
by  their  own  ftandard,   and  only  at 
you  approach  to  that,  allow  vou  to  be 
removed  from  barbarijm.    After  aU» 
Mr.  Printer,    partiality  apart,    what 
^wonderful  excellency  of  contrivance! 
what  inimiiablet  tal^e  can  the  French 
boaft  of  in  point  of  dref^ }  will  the]f 
Ibke  their  reputation  on  the  negligee  | 
or  on  the  diAiabillie  a  la  Polonoife? 
The  firft  a  meer  bundle*   calculated 
more  for  the  advantaj^  of  the  mercer 
and  n^antua. maker  ^h^n  the  wearer, 
who,  if  ihe  has  any  good  mien,  will 
lo(^  it  in  the  mid  ft  of  tri naming  and 
^unc^  i  the  other  convibnient  enough 
'for'a  country  milk  maid  to  fetch  up 
and  milk  her  cowa  in  in  a   frofty 
morning.    I  muft  fay,   though  at  the 
hazard '  of   being   itngular,    that  for 
neatnefs  and  fimplicity,    which  ought 
to  be  the  char^fieriftick  of  an  undrels, 
neither  De(habil1ie  a   la  Reine,   a  la 
Polonoife,   a  la  Pompadour,  or  any 
otherof  French  invention,   cait  equd 
the  Englilh  night  gown.    As  for  their 
RobedeCour,   they  really  have  (bmc 
elegance;    but  I  declare  I  have  {^n 
more  than  one  dutchefs,  whofe  tar* 
nifiied  jpetticoat  might  have  made  a 
good  figure  on  the  Princtfs  Eiizabetb, 
daughter  of  Ed-ward  tbe  fourth  of  ib$ 
boufe  of  York,    at  tbe  jvax-work  in 
Fleet  ftreet,    but  lybich  made  a  moft 
-fcandalous   one    at   Ver(ailles.     The 
French,    it  muft  be  owned,    have  a 
^great  (hare  of  politeness,   and  receive 
Grangers  with  the  ntraoft  civility  apd 
a;ood  manners,   doing  every  thing  in 
their    oower  to  render   their   abode 
amongft  them  agreeable  and  charming. 
I  fear  it  may  appear  malicious  %o  fay 
this  is  a  natural  conlequcnce  of  their 
vanity,    but  fo  it  is  y   for  they  are  as 
great  in  their  PoliteiTe,    as  the  Ro- 
mans ivere  '  in  their  Urbanity,    and 
h§ye  a  ^^uliair  pride  in  lettinj^  you 

4ifcover 


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tt  S^niKilKd 

^rfcorer  fiow  much  tbey  are  fapgiagg 
to  yourfelf  in  the  knowledge  of  goodi- 
i]^«uin^if  ^  but  from  whatever  motivf 
we  deduce  this  b<^haviour»  it  is  no  lei# 
agreeahle  to  thoif  who  eiyoy  thc^beae^ 
fit  of  it. 

.  %  dfa  afr^d  I  (hall  have  drawn  upr 
on  mydM^  the  indignation  of  all  tb^ 
French  8ianlua<rma]urt  and  milliners  $ 
^n4  h^ppy  will  it  prove  for  mo^  |f  I 
I^Ve^np  occaiibi^  to  ^unt  the  (rifeurf 
t^  in  this  dreadful  combinad'oni  bu( 

I  comfort  mvif  if  whei^  I  confider,^  thaf 
iiof^idabfe  a  body  as  the  focitty  of 
An^gaJIiicaqs  will  l^  obliged  1^  dci. 
$^^  for  x^e  oi^e  and  al) »  And  i94«t4 
I  V^iPi  they  do  xuit  car^y  their  coni^ 
|ila^i(anp^.  WtHfif  than  it  will  be  9^»- 
^l^t  ip^t>  jnq^to  countenance  i  for, 
i;onyderipg  how  ftjiunch  a  fifter  I  muft 

tPP^^r  IP  t\tni  fronaL  the  opinjons  I 
^we  dajfed  }x\^  t^^i^  frenchi^fd  age  tp 
advancft  tl\qy,  may  perhaps  in  pure 
i^nt^adidion  %o  tjie  fajiq^e  )a7> 
^ufe  me  for  thei^  prefiden^  at  the 
mext  elc^i9n*  Tp  prevent  thi^s,  as 
JU>r^h^  I  Ihould  be  obljged  to  refufe 
this  ho|K>ar«  I  n^uft  acquaint  them^ 
that  1  alv^uiys  give, to  Cas^ir  what  ip 
Cteiar  i^  d^e  $  and  thpiu^h  I  do^nol^ 
in  fpitQ.  of  common  fenlej  tbiflji^  t^a^ 
cyery  (hing  French  is  ab^olvitely  befl^ 
jtet  I  acknpn^Iedge  myfelf  miich  plcafe^ 
with  n^any  of  their  cuftoir^f  ^nd  inven- 
tions I  apd  thit  at  this  tin[ie  I  weitr  p 
pair  pf  ruffles  and  handkerchief  trim* 
med  vut^  French  ^loi^de,  and  have 
bar^^ing  by  my  H^e  a  little  French 
dog,  which  I  am  fo  fond  of,  that  I  ve- 
aily  believci  bad  I  no  other  ob)e£kioqy 
1  could  not; part  with, for  tbe  fiHrji ^r^ajt 
huMur  before  mentioned, 
I  am,  Sir, 
Your  hpmble  fervant, 
Anna  J^ariO'  Tbtrtfu  Tittle  T^ttk^ 
Iteicefter-iieldsy  Jan.  i^, 

f$tfie  cpridus  Particulars  ifi  regifrd  Uji 
^tritiing  Ukutefi  of  Pirfofu., 

THERE  was  never,  perhaps^  a 
pcrfed  reiiemblance.  Some  con- 
temporary memoirs,^  however,  make 
mention  of  different  twins,  wbok 
complexieo,  ^ture^  features  and 
even  inclinations,  refembkd  each 
other  ii^fo  great  a  degree,  that.tbofis 
who  were  inoft  accuftomed  to  fee 
them,  were  often  miftaken  on  their 
account.    Tbcie  miitakes  arc  iufficieiit 


to  juiUfy  the  Epglifli  f  pmiydy^f  JSj^ror 
aud  the  fable  of  the  coniedy  of  Mi 
^echmes,  which  Renardt   an  imitate 
of  Slantus^  has  ipa4e  appear  with 
nopch  fuccefs  pn  the  French  theatre. 

Virgil  inakes  the  eologium  pf  tv 
Jhrother^  who  were  the  m miration  < 
their  time,  ,  by   the   refepiblance  • 
^heip,  viiage»   an4  |he  cpnfprmity 
their  humpi^'? 

Not  many  years  fince,  twins  qCabo 
twelve  year's  old,  were  ffen  ^t  IfOndo 
whoff  ttatur^  CfOmplexiop^  feajtur< 
fnd  vhole  figure,  appeared  cxaftly  t 
fame  Their  Parents. fook  pjeftfve 
making  *em  wear  jlpthw  pt  ^hf  f^p 
jorm  and  (gipe .  colpnr,  whic)i  oft< 
l^ve  occafion  tp  fing^^r  and  divert  it 
adventures.-  Thfy  h^d  received  tl 
iame  education,  apd  feveraji,  who  h; 
taken  ftri^  notice  oif  tl^em,  aiTur 
Jihai  thev  nearly  made  the  fameamfwc 
to  the  f^ipe  .qmt^^p ;  whence  it  w 
lafer/ed,  tha^t  thtir  nMnper  P^  c<^ 
4ering  obj^fls  was  the  Aune^  ^nd  tb 
the^  net  leis  reienibied  om  9piq^hfi;r 
thfii'  way  of  thinking  l^od  ^nceivin 
than  in  the  fes^ures  t^  the  body  th 
ibrmed  U^ir  exieraal  refeiphlance, 
:  The  .hi((<>fy  of  the  Lords  of  Sci 
^ome„  rented  by  Pafqvuei^,  may  al 
ferve  as  a  denaoni^r^^pn,  ^hat  t^^tu 
Sometimes  t%kes  pleafure  ip  ^pyiti 
Jierfelf:  «  NichPhiH  and  ^Ifpdtiu  < 
Rouili,  twins,  %\^t  GM>e  lord  of  Sciilfpm 
the  other  of  Ongny»  were  bqrn  \\ 
7th  of  Aprils  i54i,.with  fo  gteat 
reien^blance  to  one  anether,  that  the 
nuries,  in  order  to  diftingpifli  then 
were  obliged  to  fix  |o  them  bracele 
.•f  dilFerent  colours^  This  conform 
;^,  which  they  brought  with  tbepi  fro 
their  mother's  womb,  Wfs.|iotonly  v 
Able  in  their  iiee»  wl  thp  features 
their  face,*  but  ?l(b  in  their  n}$mnet 
geftures,  behafi^,  will,  and  incl 
nation*  This  in^vKiey)  their.  p«r«n 
to  clothe  them  in  the  fame  ^rb,  ai 
they  \aA  fome  di^&cu|ty  tbfmfelv 
to  diftinguiCh  them*  Charles  IX*  ^ 
often  pleated,  in  th4i^  midft  pf  fiye  bui 
dred  genilemei^  to  pUce  them  boi 
together,  and  confider  them  for  a  lor 
time,  with  the  view,  if  po^ible,  < 
finding  ibme  mark  of  difference  i 
them.  But  after  making  them  pa 
and  repais  in  the  croud,  and  appe 
before  him,  he  could  never  exa^lv  di 
cern  which  was  which»  por  could  ax 


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dFtfie  comply 

ibme  was  a  very  great  friend  of  the 
lords  of  Fervaques 9  and  the  wives  of 
thefe  two  lordr  had  of^cn  mift^lcen  hir 
brother  fbr  him.     There  were  two 
particnlars  very  renraCrkable  in  theih  | 
dife  dne«  that  havhie  beeB  as  gentle- 
men broaght  up  from  their  youth  in 
an  Ibrts  of  manly  exerd^,   amone' 
dthersi  in  playing  at  tennis,  in  which 
fhevwere  both  Very  export,  though 
erigffiy    fbrpaffed  his  brother,   whoi 
from  thne    to    time,  hkd  unequally 
maticKed  himfelf  $    to  temedy  ^bkh, 
he  left  off  plAying,  pr^tendiftg  to  go 
Ibr  Ibme  n^^ity  of  rtature )  and  foon 
after  hh  brbther,  who  was  a  looker 
to,  fbpptied  his  pkic«,  and  getting  the 
ketter  of  his  antagohift,  won  th6  game, 
without  kny  oUe  of  the  players,  or 
thofe  that  were  in  thie  gallery,  know-' 
ing  any  thing  of  the  change.    Thf! 
other  particular  was,   that  they  wer^ 
both  addided  to  the   fame  paffionsi 
Origny  beCam«  enin&oured  of  the  ^if<i 
countefsof  Efclavole,  a  beaatiful,  rich, 
liid  Virtuous  lady,    and  made  oveft- 
turesof  marri^ige  to  her.    Thefam6 
tender  attiichment    pOiTeffed  immedi> 
aldy  the  heart  of  Sciflbme,  who  was 
^ite  ignorant  ef  his  brother'*  addirf- 
in,  but  bbibg  appi'ilkd  of   theth,  ht 
altered  hi»  purpoie  to  the  admntage  of 
Oi%oy,  who  married  her.    The  fame 
accidents  that  ha(5pened  to  the  one  in 
the  courfe  of  life,  happened  alfo  to 
Iheotii^r;  the  &nie  ficknefsi  thefan\6 
wOUfttis  at  the  fame  time,  and  in  the 
fame  parts  ^  their  bodiet }  and  when 
Sdflbme  #as  taken  ill  of  the  difeafe  hk 
ified  of,    in  the  thirtieth  year  of  bis 
age.  Lord  Origny  was,    at  the  ihme 
ittftant  of  tiibc,  attacked  by  th6  fame 
iifettte^  but  recovered  by  the  (kill  of 
hia  phy'fidiap  ;  an  unfkilni]  one,   who 
Hd  iu  treated  him,  having  fallen  to 
the  fot  of  his  brother;    but  when  he 
bAri  the  tidwt  of  his  death>  he  had 
9ath  a  languor  of  fpirits,    and  fuch 
ISumsflg  ilts,  that  he  was  oUce  thought 
deadi    He  escaped,  however.    A  ^^Sdd 
paiittr  Ineprdented  them  both  m   a 
piec^  fileh  aa  diey  #ere,  that  is,  e)(. 
cee&ig  like  ih  habit  of  body  and  vi- 


Thei 


Curiam  Partkuldrs  of  .  tf 

The  lord  of  Sci(^  that  the  emperor,  hiving  long  exa- 
mined him,  a(ked  at  laft,  by  wav  of 
pleafantry,  if  his  mother  had  been 
ever  at  Rome  ?  ^<  No«  pleafe  )Pour  im<* 
perial  majefly,  anfWered  the  young 
Greek,  who  peixrejvcd  the  drift  of  the 
queftion,  but  my  father  was  there  fe- 
vtoitiihei.^' 

To  /^/  P  R  I  N  T  E  R,  $fc. 

IF  buildingbridges,  widening ftrfcctii 
new  pafemenb,  and  illummatiohs, 
be  improvements,  the  inhabitants  of 
London  have  a  right  to  the  greatefl 
applaufc,  in  exciting  a  fpirit  of  im*» 
provement  in  the  towns  and  villiigti 
within  ten  miles  of  the  capital  {  but 
this  laudable  fpirit  is  extending  itfelf 
much  farther,  for  I  am  juft  informed 
that  the  cities  6f  Norwich,  Exeter, 
and  Vork,  are  come  to  a  refolutiori  of 
not  only  fixing  lamps  tt  the  diftance  of 
every  thirty  yards,  but  to  covir  tbeif 
refpef^ive  roads  to  the  capital  with 
tcry  handfomk  carpets:  This  wiU 
rtiake  St  very  genteel  travelling  up  t* 
town,  wheti  the  ladies  may  at  pleafure 

tet  out  of  theti*  carriages,  Tor  bene^ 
t  of  the  air,  and  Walk  as  cleii&H  2i  ill 
their  dining  rooms}  a  circUnrt^ihcfe 
ithat  muft  not  only  be  a  great  ihduce- 
hitnt  for  them  ^nd  their  conforts  t^ 
leave  the  dirty  country,  but  be  a  grealt 
encouragement  ro  our  carpfct  manu^ 

{'a6tory.  By  this  means  we  (hall  not 
eave  a  family  of  anjr  tolerable  circum- 
ftance  in  the  country i  and  *U  theftr 
fine  turkies  and  chines  will  be  (^nt 
to  London.  As  to  corn,  fir,  we  cafi 
have  thit  from  abroad ;  and  when  all 
the  rich,  and  even  the  middling  folks, 
are  in  town,  th*  afiemblies,  r'ldottoi, 
tolays,  operas,  and*  concerts^  will  be 
ilWays  filled  with  the  beftcompahyi 
indeed,  if  thii  prt^eft  take*  placi, 
many  tboufaitds  of  fine  houfes  will  Be 
wanted;  but  to  this  I  anlVrer,  puAl 
do^n'the  old,  an'd  build  hew  on^, 
we  have  good  brick- ground  ertougH 
round  Loi)don,  as'^llas  avcrygodA 
fpot  to  build  oit,  between  Bedwd- 
hottfe  ami  Hampftead,  wh^te  I  ah^ 
tir^d  of  looking  at  ^iten  fields. 

As  thefe  thoughts  comcide  Witti  OUr 
prefent  conduft,  they  cannot  "fail  bf 
pleafmgthe  public  much  bittfer  thin 
the  abuird  ones  of  i  certain  tall  mAti, 
who,  in -order  to  remove  b^g^arjrolit 
of  London,  advifed  the  breaking  our 

lampv 


i  cbdrtitt^  6f  the  Emperor  AU- 
foftus  brought  into  his  prefence  a 
yoong  Greek  who  refcanbled  him.  in 
#«tr7  feature.    It  it  hereupen  relacedy 


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CharaHer  of  tbi  ParHamatt  ^.iSitl 


lamps,  pulling  up  the  new  pavement,* 
laying  the  old  again,  fending  the  peo* 
pie  to  the  fi(h,  and  not  giving  pre^ 
mittms  to  bring  the  fifti  to  the  peo-, 
pie. 

Marcus  Ihokicvs., 

From  Mrs.  Macaulay's  Hiftory'pf  Eng» 
land.    Vol.  Ill  \ 

**  A  ^^^'^''^  ®^  ^^*  trtnfa£kions  of 
J\,  this  parliament,  [1641)  during 
the  firft  period  of  tbcir  operations, 
tnuft  fill  every  mind,  untainted  by  fer- 
vile  prejudices,  with  the  higheft  fen- 
timents  of  gratitude  and  veneration.. 
The  free  conftitution  of  England, 
which,  from  the  ignorance  of  former 
ages,  and  the  wicked  policy  of  kingr, 
had  admitted  of  fo  many  arbitrary 
principles,  that  it  was  become  a  roon- 
fter  voidoffymmetry,  was  now  redu- 
ced to  a  fyftem  of  government  confift- 
ent  and  uniform,  fupporting  itfelf  by 
the  pillars  of  law  and  equity^  Every 
mrbitrary  court  of  judicature  was  abo- 
Itihed  \  the  authority  of  the  clerk  of  the 
market,  who  had  a  general  infpedion 
over  weights  and  meafures,  and  by 
whofe  power  the  people  had  under- 
gone  many  hardfiiips,  vexations,  and 
extortions,  was  transferred  to  the 
mayors,  (heriffs,  and  other  legal  ma- 
giflxatesi  the  limits  of  the  fbreib 
were  retrained  within  their  proper 
bounds;  the  crown  entirely  deprived 
of  the  means  of  impofing  tne  expea** 
five  honour  of  knighthood^  and  as  no 
court  of  fuftice  remained  buc  thofe 
which  took  cognizance  of  common 
mnd  Itatute  law,  the  king's  power  of 
liTuing  proclamations  and  extorting 
money  from  the  fubjcft,  was  entirely 
cut  ofF,  becaufe  every  man  might  dii- 
obey  thofe  arbitrary  edicts  with  im- 

1>unity.  Paft  grievances  were  not  on- 
y  redrefled,  but  the  exemplary  pu- 
aiihments  of  ftate  delinquents,  with 
the  a6^  for  triennial  parliaments,  were 
now  bulwarks  to  defend  the  con^tu- 
tion  agaiilft  the  attacks  of  power. 
Many  of  thefe  advantages  etcaping 
the  corruption  of  time,  and  the  con- 
fufion  of  civil  broils,  are  ]^et  enjoyed 
by  the  inhabitants  of  this  idand,  and 
o^ht  to  raife  in  the  heart  of  tstry 
Bn^Hfliman  a  grateful  monument  of 
pnuTe  to  thoie  renowned  pauiots,  who 

•  Page  41. 


Jani 


proaired  Aich  invaluable  bleifiags  to 
poderity*"* 

Jceount  pf  the  King'^i  goitf  t&  thi  tonuer 
,  Hou/i,  luitbi  am  Intenttom  t$  fezKe  tbi 

li'Vi  Memhirs  -f  •  ' 

««  9^T^  H  E  King,  on  the  return  of 
X  his  ferjeant  empty  handed,  en* 
tered  on  the  left  part  of  lus  pMJe^» 
vi^.  the  gping  bin^felf  in  perfon,  withi 
im  armed  force,  taking  the  houfe  at 
a  furprise,  and  feicing  the  five  meni*« 
bers.  This  was  deterqiined  on  Mie, 
receipt  of  the  meiTai^e  from^the  com- 
mons )  but  the  morning  bringidg  more 
timid  reflexions,  the  king  went  t<» 
the  queen's  apartment,  and  expofta->. 
lated  with  her  on  the  hazard  of  the 
attempt,  exprefling  fometbing  like  % 
determination  of  not  putting  it  in  exe* 
cution.  The  oueen  was  tranfported 
with  paAiou  at  tins  want  of  refolutiont 
<*  Go,  coward!'*  exclaimed  tliis  im- 
perious woman,  **  pull  thefe  roguea 
out  by  the  ears»  or  never  fee  my  wot.**- 
The  fubmifilve  hufband  obeyed,  an4 
went  ftraight  to  the  Houfe  of  Com^ 
mons,  with  a  train  of  five  hundred 
followers.  The  Houfe  having  receiv- 
ed ihtimation  of  the  king's  intention* 
ordered  tbe  fyyt  members  to  withdraw, 
left  the  Houfe  (hould  be  engaeed  in 
blood.  This  order  was  hardly  obeyed^ 
whtn  the  doors  were  flung  open,  and 
the  kins  appeared  I  He  walked  im- 
mediately up  to  the  chair,  and  faid^ 
**  By  your  leave,  Mr.  Speaker  j  I  muft 
borrow  your  chair."  After  having 
ftood  in  it  for  fome  time>  and  eyed 
the  members,  as  they  rofe  up  uncoverr 
ed  to  receive  him,  he  alked  the  Speaker 
whether  he  faw  any  of  the  accufed 
members,  and  where  they  were  ?  The 
Speaker,  falling  upon  his  knee,  replir 
ed«  "I  have  neither  eyea  to  fee,  nor 
tongue  to  fpeak  in  this  .  place,  but  as 
theooufe  is  pleafed  to  direct  me,  whole 
fervant  I  am  here  \  and  I  humbly  be|f 
your  majefty's  pardon,  that  I  cannot 
give  any  other  anfwer  than  this  to  what 
your  majefty  is  pleafed  to  demand  of 
me."  The  king,  after  making  a  ibort 
fpeech,  eypreifing  the  reafons  of  hie 
coming,  and  inufting  on  having  the 
perfons  accufed  wherefoever  he  could 
find  them,  retired  in  fome  coofufion, 
many  members  crying  out,  <*  Privi- 
lege! Privilege!'* 

.      .  ?^ 


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fie  LetUt 


M  hterefiifig  SidjeS  €9ntinued. 
/.  631 


25 


B0T  fyo«  aflc)  what  occafion  for 
any  aew  diflertations  on  a  point 
To  dear?  I  know  yoa  are  mafler  of 
eonmon  topics,  and  can  ^r^t  that 
obicese  difcofttfe  ihews  a  corrupt  hearty 
and  argtiea  a  Ticioni  life^  corrupts 
tlie  fancy*  takct  off  the  reftraints  of 
Bodety,  is  very  rude,  and  that  it  is 
Bot  rendered  better  but  more  dange- 
loat  by  bein^  genteelly  dreiled .  up ; 
that  doable  entendres  ba^e  a  peculiar 
iBalignity»  becaiife  they  tend  to  make 
a  whole  language  convey  ideas  of 
lewdnefa,  and  haTe»  in  i»6k,  fucb  an 
tSA  upon  thofe  who  arc  fond  of  their 
«fe,  thJkt  fcarcelv  a  itmple  term  can  be 
■Kn6oDed  which  does  not  excite  fuch 
an  idea — that  tbolc  who  delight  in  fuch 
diiconrfe  throw  off  the  man  to  put  on 

the  beaf^ that  it  (hews  no  great  de- 

ficacy  of  tafte  to  borrow  converfation 
6pm  brothels,  but  rather  a  barren nefs 
•f  invention,  $tc.  &c.  ■  You  have 
at  hand  too  ibme  rhymes  on  the  occa- 


Obfeenity  to  wit  has  no  pretence. 
For  want  of  decency  is  wantof  ienfe. 
No  pardon  vile  obfcenityr  (hould  find, 
Tbo'  wit  and  art  confpire  to  move 
your  mind. 
Yoa  can  repeat  too  a  curious  dialogue 
m  the  Toy^lhopy    betwixt  the  MaKer 
and  the  Beau— b^inning  with  <*  Are 
witty  and  iVnntty  Tynonimous  terms?** 
1  ihan^t  transcribe  it— -bat  by  the  bye 
nraft  expreft  my  furprizey  at  the  au- 
thorns  inierting  that  piece  of  low  ob- 
(ceoe  ribaldry  to  Claridy   in  Vol.  II. 
p.  230.  of  his  excellent  colleAion— • 
which  '  Bavius  might  blufh,  and 

Quaries  diiUain  to  own,  p.  248.  You 
think,  my  friend*  that  his  Honour 
wSl  be  fatisficd  with  thefe  old  iaws. 
hvx  alxsl  bU  Mtm  erai  locus.  You 
iMwld  recollea  the  fable  of  the  Wolf 
and  the  Lamb.  Is  this  the  way  to  pay 
yonr  court?  Don't  you  obferve  the 
ftonn  blackening  on  your  patron's 
brow,  and  the  attic  fneer,  or  high* 
bred  contempt  of  the  reft  of  the 
company  f  And  pray.  Sir,  fays  feme 
wh,  do  yon  think  fornication  a  fin  ? 
A  soft  polite  queftion  —  juft  tanta- 
fiaonst  to  this :  Pray,  Sir,  Are  you  a 

hypocritical  fcoundrel Don't  you 

preach  what  you  don'^t  believe  ?  AH 
the  company  .knows  that  the  Gofpel 
•    Jam.  X76S, 


forbids  it  as  a  €n,  and  make  it  one 
^eat  Quarrel  againft  the  Gofpel,  that 
It  Uiy%  a  reftraint  on  natoral  liberty  in 
this  cafe  ?  Why  then  is  the  quellioa 
afked  ?  Not  for  information— but    to 
try  what  ftuff  yoa  are  made  of,  and  to 
get  you  into  the  mire.    But  you  can- 
not fee  fo  much  harm  in  a  plain  qaef- 
tion,  fo  eaiily  anfwered.    Let  mfc  afk 
then,  will  you  anfwer  in  the  affirma* 
tive  or  negative  ?  In  ^e  former  fure* 
ly,  and  produce  3H>ur  arguments.     Do 
not  you  perceive  then  the  former  in* 
convenience  return?  The  mirth  and 
frolick  of  the  company  is  interrupted 
by  your  imnertinent  wifdoro  j — a  fe- 
rious  difagr^f  ibie  ful^e^l  intruded->- 
and  you  are  diHiked.   But  we  will  fup- 
pofe,  that  roafting  a  parfon  may  be 
thought  a  good   afternoon's  frolick* 
The  next   natural   queftion  will  bet 
Are  you  then    really    (o  weak  as    to 
believe  what  Bolingbroke,  Hume,  Vol- 
taire, all  the  philofophcrs  clearly  prove 
to  be  no  better  than  old  wives  tale«» 
hatched  in  the  nurfery,    matured  in 
the  church?    Here  you  will  be  told 
long    (lories     of     fakeers,     dervifes» 
monks,  talapoins,  dec,  with  this  con* 
eluding  ftinr— that  priefb  of  all  reli- 
gions are  the  fame.    Their  honeurt 
being  deeply   read  in*  infidelity,  can 
demonftrate  to  you  from  Bolingbroke^ 
that  there  are  no  moral  attributes  in 
the  Deity,  that  the  foul  is  material  and 
mortal,  a  future  Qate  a  fable,  revela* 
tion  nnaeceflary  and  impoflible,  that 
the  JewiOi    and    Chriftian   have  the 
flrongeft   marks  of   fallhood.    From 
Hume' too  they  can  tell  you,    that  n 
miracle    cannot  poAibly    be   proved, 
that  exferience^  the  fureft  criterion  of 
truth,  IS  directly  againfi  the  exiftence 
of  miracles,   and    renders  that  of  % 
Deity  very  doubtful.    They  can  alTure 
you,  that  the  miracles  wrought  at  the 
tomb  of  Abbe    de  Paris  werv  more 
humoroui,  fignal,,and  better  attefted 
than  thofe  in  the  Bible.    Thefe,  and 
a  thoufand  other  felf*evident  maxims, 
their  honours  are  great    mafters  of. 
But  1  mud  retra^^,  and  beg  their  ho<v 
nours  pardon,  for  having  advanced  an 
affertion  that  they  are  deeply  read  in 
iniidelhy.    Far   be   it   from    Ate   to 
imlngine,   that    their    jjonoun  would 
fuffcr  the  abfolutely  neceffary  bpfinefs 
of  Newmarket,  White's,    leveet,  bo- 
rough jobbing,    fpcaking  as  they  are 
bid  (not  to  mention  drefs,  viiiif ,  d|« 
D  yeriioA^ 


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Stlf-nade  meivrn  Pbihfophtrs, 


26 

veriiotit)  t»  be  interrupted  by  an  et- 
fention  to  things  fo  unddential  as  reli« 
gion  or  morals.  Such  a  thouebt,  I 
am  fure,  woiikl  be  highly  f  bfurd,  un- 
charitable and  criminal.  With  tlie 
^rofoondeft  humility  thereforey  and  a 
^eep  fenTe  of  ihame  for  having  advan* 
ced  fo  ra(h  an  aHertion— I  beg  you 
to  obfervey  I  meant  to  fay  only!  hit- 
That,  as  young  attornics  and  furgeons^ 
in  that  very  (hort  time  which  they 
/bend  in  town  after  their  apprentice* 
fiiipi  to  be  fwom  and  fee  tlie  hofpital« 
(or,  if  you  pleafe,  to  take  out  licences 
to  cheat  and  kill)  acquire  from  the 
Kobin-Uood,  and  ether  excellent  fe- 
miaariety  fuch  a  knowledge  of  the 
iecrets  of  freethinking,  that  they  re* 
turn  to  the  country  very  able  infidel 
miifionarieB,  or,  in  a  politer  phrafe, 
excellent  philofophert,  free  from  all 
the  old  faftuoacd  reftraints  of  relizion 
and  morak,  and  highly  qualified  to 
teach  others  the  way  to  the  fame  blef- 
hd  ftate  s  fo  their  honours.  I  won't 
atfront  my  readers  fo  much  as  to 
make  the  applicatieR,  but  (hall  po- 
litely leave  that  to  tlieir  great  fagaci- 
ty,  which  I  apprehend  is  more  than 
fuflicient  for  fuch  a  taflc.— You 
feem,  my  dear  fir,  on  this  informattcui 
to  ereft  your  creft,  and  exult  at  the 
thought  ef  defending  your  faith  agalnft 
fuch  adverfaries .  Having  carefully  (lu- 
lled Clarke's  Demonftration,  and  the 
excellent  anfwers  to  Bolingbroke  and 
Hume,  efpecially  thole  of  Warburton, 
Leland',  Douglas,  Adams— you  ex- 
pert an.eafy  vidlorv*  And  perhaps 
your  expe^ations  might  be  anfwered* 
if  fcbools  were  the  fcene  of  difputa- 
tioui  a  regular  logician  your  mode- 
rator, your  opponent  kept  clofe  to 
the  point,  and  obliged  to  argue  ftri^- 
Iv  according  to  the  rules  of  true  rea- 
soning. But  here  a  new  lo^ic  prevails. 
A  grin-is  an  argument,  a  jeft  demon- 
ilration,  a  look  of  contempt,  or  a 
frown,  confutation.  Can  you  think, 
that  your  bed  fyllogifm  in  Barbara, 
will  not  by  their  honours  true  Grecian 
taile  be  deemed  barbarous;  and  as 
fuch  worthy  of  no  other  confutation 
than  their  attic  fneer  ?  Or  can  you 
conceive,  that  your  formidable  Bocar- 
do  will  have  half  the  terrora  that 
fcoul  on  an  oFended  patron's  brow  ? 
Befides  their  honours  are  excellent  at 
the  hufi'ar  method  of  arguing  [Dr. 
Brown  finely  de(R:ribes  itinbisirft  eliay 
5  ^ 


Jan. 


on  Lord  Shaftefbur]^].  Here  you  are 
briflciy  attack^4  with  an  obje&ion, 
and  before  you  can  bring  your  argu- 
ments to  bear  againft  it,  you  receive 
a  fecond  attad^  and  whilft  you  face 
about  to  encounter  that,  you  have  » 
third,  and  fo  on.  The  defign  of  thi# 
method  is  prudently  to  make  up  ia 
bnficne6  what  is  wanting  in  weight  f 
the  princif^e  from  which  it  proceedo 
you  may  learn  from  the  firft  words  of 
Bacon's  Eflays.  — What  is  truth  (aid 
jelling  Pilate,  and  would  not  vt^it  for 
an  anfwer.  Now,  Sir,  how  will  yo^ 
manage  in  fuch  a  fituKion,  whild,  like 
brave  unfortunate  Braddock,  you  ihuid 
expofed  to  all  your  enemv's  fire,  an4 
cannot  bring  yours  to  bear  againft 
them  ?  Shall  I  exemplify  this  obterva* 
tion  in  a  particular  cafe. 

Lorenzo,  Milordus>  yea  have  an  ex»- 
cellent  pi^ure  here  I  think  ie 
reprefents  a  gallant  foldicr  received 
with  great  appearance  of  rapture  by 
the  Madona* 

MUordus.  Celfus  calls  the  foldiejr 
Panther,  and  has  demonllrated  tke 
truth  of  the  ftory.  And  you,  &ir« 
cannot  deny^  that  there  are  two  fa- 
thers mentioned  by  ancient  writers, 
Jofepb  and  Panther. 

fLrh,  And  this,  Sir,  is  an  unan- 
fwerable  demonilration  of.  the  trutk 
of  the  immaculate  conception. 

Chorus  0/  Parafites,  dff .  Ha  !  ha !  hat 

Here's  triumph  for  their  honours* 
You  cannot  avoid  laughinff,  I  find, 
though  (hocked  at  the  vaft  blafphemf 
of  the  topic,  becaufe  you  can  con- 
vince them,  you  imagine,  that  this  of 
Celfus  is  really  one  of  the  moft  (illy 
and  infamous  ftories  that  ever  maUce 
invented  againfl  Chriftianity.  .  ■■ 
You  can  prove  from  the  Gofpels,  and 
the  writings  neareft  to  them  in  datc» 
that  this  ftory  was  unknown  at  the 
time  they  record,  and  that  confiderin^^ 
the  extreme  malice  and  hatred  of  the 
Jews  it  was  impodible  this  (hou)d  he 
the  cafe,  if  there  was  the  leaft  foun- 
dation for  it.  3ut  becaufe  you  per- 
ceive it  to  reft  entirely  upon  a  buin«- 
der  concerning  the  nanae  Panther,  you 
fetyourfelf  to  prove  from  ancient  wri^ 
ters,  that  Panther  was  a  futiame  in  Ja- 
feph's  family.  Thus  Jofeph  is  faid  to  be 
the  fon  of  Jacob  (irnamed  Panther.  And 
thus  Jefusis  called,  Ben  Jofeph  or  Ben 
Panther,  the  fon  of  Jofepitand  Pantherc 
from  tbO/.two  namts  «f  tbt  fiamily. 

And 


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Asd  what  now,  Gentlemeii,  becomet 
ofthefooHfh  blander  of  Cdfus,  and 
the  infamoQi  ftory  founded  upon  it  ? 

Lcremzff.  Really,  Sir,  the  ingenious 
«ld  fathers  hare  contrived  an  lulmira- 
Wc  genealogical  forgery,  to  (tUt  this 
Wade  ifFair  :  And  you  with  a  true  fa* 
cerdotal  modcftycxpedt  we  ihoald  giv< 
•Bfrre  credit  to  it. 

Here  yon  would  prove  that  the  fa- 
thers reafly  had  the  account  from  au- 
thentic genealogies. 

FWu.  Genealogies!  I  find,  Sir, 
you  are  an  excellent  genealogift.  Wilt 
yt>a  fto  m  the  favour  to  give  us  a  ge- 
nealogy in  a  direct  line  u-om  Shenkin 
sp  Shenkin  ap  Morgan  ! 

Here  again  in  order  to  bring  this 
tvitty  gentleman  back  to  the  fubjefh, 
you  endeavour  to  fliew  him  the  gene- 
alogies of  the  Jews  were  very  different 
things  from  thofe  he  alludes  to,  and 
yoo  refer  to  the  rabbins  to  prove  that 
they  were  moft  carefully  preferved,  and 
were  ftriftly  authentic. 

Iffihrdxs,  Rabbins!  Yoo  are  well 
%erfed  than  it  feems  in  Rabbinical 
learnine.  Pray,  Sir,  was  not  von  a 
jpupil  6?  Kennicot's,  and  an  afliftant  in 
that  moft  excellent  and  uA^ful  collec- 
tion of  varions  readings,  which  fo  con- 
vine  ngty  proves  and  poilus  out  the 
One  true  reading  ? 

Cbtrms.  Ha!  bat  he  1 

And  fhuf.  Sir,  you  are  abfolutely 
Confuted.  Tour  argument  mnft  dr»p 
here  to  make 'way  for  (bme  new  mat- 
ter of  t/iumpii  to  tlieir  honours.  I 
have  ^^zd  out  thb  inihmce  in  or- 
der to  pay  my  compliments  to  the  re- 
fined tafte  of  Milordits  (a  prfonage 
remarkable  too  for  wifdom  and  firidt 
honour)  and  to  congratulate  his  hap- 
pinefs  in  being  poflefled  of  a  pt^re, 
which,  to  be  rurej  on  account  of  its 
fabjed,  is  to  be  prized  as  an  inefli- 
mable  >ewel,  being  an  nnanfwerable 
confutation.  It  feems,  of  all  that  is, 
Mr  ihall  be  irritten  in  defence  of  Chrif- 
tUttity.—- Befides  all  the  above,  I 
€u)cy  my  friend,  you  will  find  another 
finall  di&dvactage  in  yOur  argument 
with  their  honours,  which  is  fuggefted 
in  the  old  trite  obfervation— That  a 
fool  can  a(k  more  queftions  in  an  how 
than  a  wife  man  can  ^  anfwer  in  feven 
yean.  Ifosr  can  yoo  prove  the  "Di- 
vine L^atioo  of  Mo(es  is  a  fhort  quef- 
tionj  tlie  anfwer  fills  €rt  volumes. 
The  hxot  ta*j  be  bad  of  hints «  infi* 


Tifi  Ovefhartng  of  InjMHyl  fl  % 

moations,  flat  denials  00  omh  bets). 
You  may  think  perhaps  to  get  off,  by 
putting  their  honours  upon  the  proof  i 
but  pray.  Sir,  who  is  the  fuperior,  the 
patron,  or  the  ferioua  defender  of  re- 
ligion.^ Thefe  confiderations  may  pof* 
iibly  make  you  fomewhat  lefs  a/Tured 
of  vi6iory,  and  give  you  fome  dilllke 
to-thefe  huflar  difputationsi  and  may 
alio  account  for  the  excellent  Stilling^ 
fleet's  burfting  into  tears,  and  yielding 
triumph  to  Lord  Rochefter,  in  a  di im- 
pute concerning  Atheifm,  which,  oft 
a  fair  footing,  be  could  have  main- 
tained to  advanuge  acainft  aU  the  h  it-r 
ty  atheifts  in  the  world.  If  this  great 
man  could  be  thus  borne  down,  whafl 
remains  for  you  \  What  will  it  avail 
you  to  fay,  that  what  th«  pbilafo-< 
phers  call  old  wivea  tales,  wtro  fincere* 
ly  believed  by^Bacon,  Newton,  Lockcj 
Boyle,  Addifon^  Grotius,  Pafcal, 
Boerhaave,  and  many  others,  who 
were  the  greatefl  geniufirs  and  the  or« 
naments  of  the  age  they  lived  in  f 
Do  yon  think  their  honours  will  give 
credit  to  your  aderting,  that  Warbur- 
ton  and  Leland  hate  as  clearly  and 
convmcrnaly  confuted,  and  exploded, 
the  atheiftical  part  of  Bolingbrokev 
concerning  the  moral  attributes,  tho 
foul,  a  future  ftate,  and  bis  poh- 
tive  dogmas  againit  revelation;  at 
it  is  poflible  for  any  thing  to  be  con- 
futed by  argument  ?  Will  they  believe, 
that  what  Hume  has  written  agasnft 
miracles  has  been  proved  by  L«land, 
Adams,  Douglafs^  to  beof'^no  more 
weight  than  the  old  exploded  argu- 
ments ;  that  the  experience  which  is  to 
dofuch^ts  is  a  mere  cant  term^ferving 
to  introdnce  much  obfcurtty,  and  to 
make  nothing  clearer,  and  Urat  in  the 
affair  of  Abbe  Paris,  that  gentleman 
has  been  guilty  of  great  diimgemtity, 
vnworthy  the  firft  pbtlofopber  in  Great 
Britain?  Can  yoo  imagine yonr word 
will  be  tidccn  in  all  thele  points,  or 
that  their  honours  wiU  exerdfe  their 
patience  in  hearing  you  prove  fuch 
nnpleafuig  aflertions?  What  then  re- 
mams  but  chagrin  to  you,  and  to  their 
honours  triumph.  1  will  not  prefumo 
to  affront  their  honours  infallibility  by 
infiMiating  that  the  triumph  is  unfair- 
ly won^^there  can  be  no  doubt  thai 
their  own  tcntimentt  In  fuch  ctffet  are 
the  trueft  criterion  of  juft  and  right. 
You  9MtA  aghaff,  and  cannot  believe 
that  gemlemcn  of  politenelt  and  edn- 
D  s  cotton 


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zS 


the  Friends  of  RtKgien  pintei  i^* 


cation  (honid  iftfblt  a  dergymin  in 
Aieh  a  ridiculoat  manner  Tboogh 
perhipt  fome  fools  may  be  gutltjf  of 
Aieh  mdeneA,  you  ex^tGt  l^etter  things 
from  the  generality  of  their  honours^ 
There  is  indeed  room  ibr  furprise, 
but  if  you  confider  the  love  of  frolick 
and  fun,  the  fafliionaUe  pleafure  of 
laugliing  at  religion,  and  every  thing 
relating  to  it,  «  the  proud  man^  con- 
tumely, the  iniblence  of  oflice»  the 
ipurns  which  patient  merit  of  the  un-^ 
worthy  takes/*  your  furprize  will  be 
much  lefs.  And  if  you  lubtraft  from 
their  honours  the  Free-thinkers  and 
Free* drinkers  (to  borrow  m  term 
fromCheyne)  the  Valetudinarians  to 
whom  the  dof^ors  forbid  ferious  ftudy, 
the  bifcaut  whom  the  ladies  will  not 
AifFer  to  hurt  their  eyes,  or  become 
pedantic-  by  mufty  books,  the  mfn 
of  profound  fpeculation,  of  wit,  of 
humour,  of  whim,  of  frolick,  ofplea- 
fiire,  ofbudnefsin  the  political  way, 
borough-jobbers,  tools  of  party,  how 
pany  will  the  calculators  find  remain- 
ing ?  That  remainder  yon  will  find  to 
be  a  fet  of  reafonable  gentlemen,  who 
think  it  no  proof  of  ftiperior  wiidon^ 
to  laugh  at  religion,  no  difkrace  to 
differ  mm  the  fiilofiffhers.  The  gen- 
tlemen in  all  extrenmies  will  be  found 
the  only  firm  fupports  in  church  and 
Aate  J  and  with  them  you  will  find  it 
the  greateft  happinefs,  as  well  as  hq- 
aour  to  be  acquainted  *. 
.  I  cannot  help  now  expreflin^  my 
fears,  that  your  fqueami(h  confcience, 
your  unfaihionable  notions  of  the  dig- 
4iity  of  religion,  and  of  decorum,  in- 
dependency, and  other  fuch  follies  will 
•prevent  your  pafling  through  thefe 
preparatory  rites  of  initiation  i  bur  as 
tt  is  poifible  that  coftom  added  to  the 
hope  of  preferment,  may  counfeera& 
their  eff^eds,  I  will  indulge  the  thought 
of  your  complying  with  his  konetir*s 
humour,  joinjng  with  glee  in  the  lewd 
'toaft,  enjoying  the  obfceneor  prophane 
fong  or  ieft,  pretending  not  to  hear, 
or  giving  evafive  anfwcrs  to,  objec- 
tions againft  religion.  And  now  th^re 
•is  hope  indefd.  Pi'oceedin  this  g<^d 
way  and  you  will  be  probably  a  favou- 
rite.   Pray  what  harm  is  there  in  his 


honour*s  cpming  frequently  tq  drink  % 
diOi  of  tea  with  yovir  fidcr?  What  if 
ilie^is  very  handfome,  and  wh^U  if  Co- 
rofodes  owed  his  preferment  tQ  his 
fifter,  ought  yon  to  be  alarmed  ?  Omi 
you  doubt  your  patron*s  honour  or 
your  iiller*s  pruaence?  You  grow 
warm.  Well  then,  what  do  yon  uunk 
of  hit  honour^s  niece  who  has  the  care 
of  his  houfe?  Qood  pirefermcfit,  it 
feems,  will  attend  her.  Are  jrou  ta 
take  notice  of  the  malicious  reporta 
of  her  bein^  his  mi(lrers  i  |s  npt  thta 
anoverfufpicious  fqueam'iOmcls?  Yoii 
cannot  bear  this  topic  I  find,  l^t  ua 
then  omit  the  aSdr  of  lifter  and 
niece,  and  enjoy  the  pleafure  of  feeing 
yon  in  the  high  road .  to  p|pefe|tnent« 
What;  if  the  envious  deem  you  hia 
honour*s  but,  jeft,  tool,  fool,  «c  ?— -• 
defpife  them  ai^d  their  impotent  ma- 
lice, laugh  in  your  (leeve^  pity  their 
ahje6l(la(c<*and  jog  Qn<-^ut heWarc, 
beware  of  tHpptnf ,  One  falfe  fiep 
ruins  you.  You  ^nd  pn  a  precipice^ 
from  which  the  fall  is  eafy  ^nd  fatal* 
A  (mall  failure  in  devoirs,  a  word  mif? 
placed,  a  look  mifconftrued,  any  thing 
or  notbingi  will  be  fufficient  to  overr 
throw  the  labours  of  years,.  Until  jroi| 
hear  farther  from  me  weigh  thefe  hint< 
pirefully.   .    Yours,  Y.  Z. 

P.  Sk  i  am  obliged  to  the  autho^ 
of  the  London  Magazine  for  the  ho- 
nour he  has  done  my  former  letters^ 
and  defire  he  will  omit  in  this,  and  any 
other  he  may  receive,  whatever  he 
thinks  unworthy  a  place  in  his  Maga- 
zine I  was  not  the  author  of  the  mo? 
nitory  letter  mentioned  in  Odober 
Afagazine  with  my  fi^natures,  n^^ 
fhalT  i  ever  prefume  to  dictate  to  him. 
If  the  compliment  paid  to  the  writer 
of  that  letter  was  designed  for  me  I  re* 
turn  thanks  for  it  f .  Veritas  Keverlk^ 
whn  wrote  a^inft  my  firft  letter,  is  my 
friend.  We  have  composed  the  difPe* 
rence,  upon  condition  ofVy  declaring 
that  I  would  rathef  be  deprived  of  the 
'power  of  wilting,  than  employ  it  a* 
•  gainft  a  perfbn  offiich  a  cbara6ler  as  be 
has  drawn,  and  tlmt  I  had  not  in  my 
-view  a  perfon  of  fuch  a  charader.  He 
^allows  me  to  (i^y^  that  I  am  neither  f 
deiit,  nor  a  profligate,   too  low  for  n 


*  At  thi  btad  of  thefi  I  ofli  frwd  to  fet  tbf  ^xalUnl  and  hlghlj^  aUkra$ed  Lord 
Ljttelion, 

t  Tbrf  'Wirt  t  Ami  as  lAft  thimk  ourftlvn  much  bommred  tmd  our  rtadtrs  htnefittd  hf 
this  lewmed  and  ingtmoiu  correfpondent ;  ^wtfiaU uver  bt  difpUafed  nuitkaiyjhrio-' 
^itirMW  our 'workfbtmajf  tbmi proper  to  find.  can* 


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capdkiatffy  too  hijHh  to  envy  a  parlbn'f 
prefermept.  He  defire*  me  to  prefent 
bis  beft  compliments  and  thanks  to 
Dr.  Cooke  for  bis  kind  anfwer  to  the 
queries,  and  for  his  ofler  of  a  corref- 
pondeoce,  which  hoth  he  and  I  (hould 
think  ouHelves  highly  honoured  b]jr, 
and  (hould  moft  readily  embrace^  if 
conicioufnefs  of  our  own  inability  to 
^ve  any  pleafure  or  information  to  a 
gentleman  of  his  learning  and  fenfe  did 
not  force  os  very  moch  againft  our  will, 
to  deprive  ourieWes  of  that  pleafure. 
It  It  more  than  probable  that  we  ihall 
mpply  to  bii|i  for  ^dvi^e  in  the  phyiical 
way. 


T9  tU  AUTHOR  $r  the 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

I  beg  leaye,  tbrogghy^nr  magaalne, 
to  take  notice  of  a  miftaken  notion 
tbe  generality  of  people  are  fallen  into, 
that  it  is  prudent  in  them  to  avoid,  like 
an  infedious  difeafe,  the  company  and 
cpaveHatioh  of  any  rest  good  clergy- 
nan,  Aicb  I  mean  as  are  Sncere  chnf- 
nans,  in  tbe  ftrid  fenfe  of  the  word, 
who,  o«^  of  the  abundance  of  their 
heart,  introduce,  as  often  at  they 
^ve  opportumty»  the  fubjed^  on  whicti 
their  thooghtt  and  time  are  chiefly 
beftowed.  Religion  is  io  totally  ba- 
niflied  aU  pqlite  converfation,'  and  in- 
deed from  amongf^  aU  ranks  of  people, 
tfut  any  perfbn  wiio  brings  in  the  fub)e£t 
with  that  seal,  as  if  his  life  was  ani- 
mated by  tl^e  precepts  of  the  gofpel, 
9eedt  no  o|ber  qualification  to  be 
termed  a  metbodift.  Soch  is  every  cler- 
^oMn  called  who  really  and  heartily 
pcrf;rrmf  bi^  duty  in  his  pan(b,  and 
%€t%  up  to  his  profeilion  fincerely.  St* 
Paul  orders  all  focb  to  preach  the  word 
in  (eafon  and  oat  of  feaibn  \  bu^  noW 
ftow  when  ever  tbe  gof^iel  is  mentioned 
•lit  of  tbe  cbttfcbt  it  is  furt  to  be  o«it  of 
leaibn,  and  vnri  dergjrman  who  it 
d^firoitf  of  complying  with  the  prefent 
age,  and  to  avoid  the  appearance  of 
nethodifm,  muft  obierve  thefe  few 
mles.  Never  fpeak  of  religion  btit  in 
the  pulpit  and  desk,  and,  to  pleafe  Uit 
people  there,  let  your  fubje6>s  be  more 
pa  morality  than  chriftianity ;  in  com- 
pany and  con  variation  let  no  one  guefs 
yonr  profei&on,  but  by  the  colouC  of 
your  coat,  for  (hould  the  leaft  word 
^(cape  you  that  yod  have  your  duty 
at  bwt,  your  company  wouki  gfow 


RuUsfortbe  Qerj^  to  tempcrize.  2^ 

irkfome  and  difagreeabler  and  yon 
would  be  avoided,  as  there  is  nothing 
fo  terrifying  to  the  people  of  this  gene* 
ra'tion,  as  the  fear  of  being  righteous 
over  much:  Avoid  likewiie  fpeaking 
too  favourably  of  all  fe^s  of  people, 
and  particularly  when  you  fpeak  of  any 
one  termed  a  methodiil.  whether  /o 
or  not  in  reality,  in  all  his  afliona 
whether  ]uft,  or  unjuft,  condemn  him 
unheard,  always  carrying  this  in  your 
mind,  that  a  methodjft  is  always  ia 
the  wrong.  Amongft  jrour  poor  pa- 
rifhioners  you  may,  without  fear  of 
offending,  fometimes  viiit  them  in  a 
uefghbourly  way,  and  comfort  their 
bodies  with  food  and  doathing,  but  if 
LONDON  you  go  farther,  and  attempt  to  benefit 
their  fouls,  make  a  daily  praAife  of 


a 
vifiting  them,  reproving  them  when 
wrongi  and  taking  pains  to  make  them 
good  chriftians }  if  you  do  this,  you 
would  prefently  be  called  a  methodift  j 
if  yoM  carefully  avoid  thefe  thlngt^ 
your  company  and  conveilation  may 
be  coveted  in  the  world,  little  matter 
\i^hat  you  are  in  other  refpe^li,  (6  yoa 
are  tolerable  agreeable  $  and,  if  what 
is  called  a  good  fort  tif  imn,  as  is  the 
acceptation  of  that  charaflerat  prefent« 
you  will  be  eieemed.  What  tbe  me« 
thodiils  and  their  do^ines  really  are« 
I  am  entirely  ignorant  of  |  I  do  nqt  at- 
tempt to  take  tbsir  part  i  fome  good 
well  meaning  people  no  doubt  there  are 
amongft  them,  and  I  fear  a  great  many 
bad,  and  that  thry  have  done  a  ^reat 
deal  of  harm  is  certain,  and  it  is 
HO  fmall  piece  of  mifchief  I  thihk  that 
every  perfon  who  dares  in  this  trifling 
^neration  to  think  and  ad  more  fuit- 
ably  to  'his  (hriftian  calling,  than  the 
generality  do,  is  called  oneof  that  fe^, 
and  treated  and  difrefpe£ted  accoi'd- 
ittgly*  Tlie  influence  their  good  exam- 
ple might  have  had  is  lofl,  and  it  is 
lb  great  a  reproach  to  be  religious,  that 
many,  I  doubt,  fearful  of  tbe  name 
Ot  methodiil,  conceal  and  bury  in  their 
hearts  a  natural  love  for  rieligion,  and 
a  deiire  to  obey  it^s  precepts,  but  (hame 
forbids  their  li^t  fhining  before  mem 
jBot  let  me  remind  fuch  of  thofe  words 
of  our  faviour,  *<  Whofoever  fhall  be 
a(hamed  of  me  and  of  my  words,  of 
him  ihall  the  fon  of  man  be  a(bamed, 
when  he  fhall  come  in  his  own  glory, 
and  in  hit  fathcf^s,  i^iid  of  tbe  holy 
aMels.*^ 

^^  O.Z. 

'AS 


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30  D  E  S  C  R  I 

As  we  find  confidcfabic  merit  in 
A  fix  Weeh  Tcur,  through  tbe  Soutk- 
im  Counties  of  England  and  Wales,  in 
(Isv^fal  Lrttersto  a  Friend,  we  (hall  give 
ibme  cxtradts  from  that  perform anre, 
and  at  prefcnt  the  writer'^s  defcriptioft 
of  Holkam  houfc,  in  Rorfolk. 

«*  Holkam,  th«  celebrated  hotife  of 
tht  codnfeft  of  Leicefltr,  built  by  the 
late  earl,  cannot  be  viewed  with  too 
iflUcb  attention.     1  was  itifofrtcd  that 
it  a{)pcared  by  much  the  tnoft  magni- 
fiCttit  when  entered  by  the  fouthern 
ijiproach,  and  therefore  went  a  fmall 
found  for  that  advantage  5  nor  did  I 
irt  the  leafl  repent  it.    The  firft  ob- 
jeits  arc  a  few  fmall  clumps  of  trees, 
which  jult  catch  your  attention,  and 
give    you  warning  of    an  approach ; 
They  ikeidh  out  the  way  to  the  trium- 
phal arcb,  under  which  the  road  runs. 
This  dnifture  is  in  i  beaudfol  fade, 
and  fini/hcd  in  an  elegant  manner :  it 
h  extremely  light,  and  the  white  flint 
iMftic^  have  a  fine  effed^.    A  narrow 
plantation  on  each  fide  a  broad  viRo, 
leads  from  hence  to  the  obelifk,  \  mile 
and  a  half :  This  plantation,  i  (hould 
obferve,  otjght  to  be  much  broader, 
fbr'^  yoix  fee  the  light  through  many 
parts  of  it ;  but  I  apprehend  it  only  a 
sketch  of  what  the  late  earl  defigned, 
suid  not  meant  as  complete.    At  th^ 
bottom  of  the  hill,  on  which  the  obe- 
fifk  ftands,  are  the  two  portefs  lodgcs>^ 
fmall,  but  Terjr  neat  ftruftures,^    Ki- 
/ing  wJth  the  hill,    yCu  approach   the 
obcH/k,   through  a  very  fine  planta- 
tion  \   and  nothing  can    be  attended 
with  a  better  efTe^,    than  the  vidof 
opening  at  once.    There    are   eight, 
1.  To  the  fouth  front  of  the  houfe. 
1.  To  Ilotkam  church,  oti  the  top  Of 
a  (lecp  hill,    covered  with  wood  ;   a 
maft  beautiful  objedt.    3.  To  the  town 
^f  Wells,  a  parcel  of  fcaitered  houfei 
appearing  in  the  wood.    4.    To  the 
triumphal    arCh  :w-the  reft  to  diilanc 
plantations.    Vif(os  are  by  fib  meant 
the  tafle  of  the  prefent  age,  but  fuch 
a  genius  as  lord  Leicefler  might  be  aU 
lowed  to  deviate  from  fafhion  in  favour 
of  beauty    and  propriety.     Nofhing 
can  be  more  regular  than  the  front  of 
.a  great  houie,  the  apprgach  to  itou^ht 
therefore  to  partake  of  this  regularity: 


PrrON  Jan 

becaufe  (Iraigbt  cuts  are  out  of  fafhion 
it  would  be  an  abfurdity  to  take  a  wiud 
ing  courfe  to  the  houfc  door,  for  th 
fake  of  catching  obje^s  allant,  and  ir 
rcffularly  \  Such  management  is  to  th 
full  in  as  falfe  a  tade,  as  regular  cut 
Where  the  houfe  is  out  ef  the  queflion 
For  Inftance,  thofe  from  the  temple  a 
Holkamj  which,  however,  comman< 
exceedingly  beautiful  objeds  j  amongf 
others.  Wells  church -^Thc  lake  11 
the  park,  which  is  fcen  from  hcnc 
through  fome  fpreading  ^rees  in  : 
rooft  pidlurefque  manner— A  pfant»< 
hill— The  fca— and  the  reft  diftan 
plantations. 

The  houfe  may  be  faid  taconfift  o 
five  quadrangles,   the  center  and  th 

four    wings: ^^t    (hit    they  ar 

fquares,  but  I  ufc  the  tejcm  to  give  yoi 
a  general  idea.  Each  of  the  two  front 
thereof  prefent  a  Center  and  two  wings 
That  to  the  fouth,  and  the  grand  ap 
proach,  \%  as  beautiful,  light,  airy 
(ex#ufe^ tautology)  and  elegant  a  build 
vag  as  can  be  viewed.  The  portic< 
is  in  a  fine  taftc,  and  the  Connthiai 
pillars  beautifully  proportioned  *.  Thi 
central  front  in  every  refpe^  that  cai 
be  named,  appears  all  lightriefs,  ete 
gance,  and  proportion,:— 'But  whei 
you  advance  near,  you  find  no  en 
trance  to  the  houfe  j  there  iire  no  (lair 
lip  to  the  portico  I  and  this  circum 
fiance,  after  fo  tine  an  approach,  an^ 
expelling  it  to  be  the  entrance,  be 
comes  a  difappointment,  and  a  faul 
in  the  building. 

I  have  fpokc  hitherto  of  the  centra 
front  alone.  The '  whole,  includinj 
the  two  wings,  I  cannot  think  fo  per 
feS  ;  for,  to  me  at  leaft,  there  appear 
a  great  want  of  unity.  The  levera 
parts  are  not  fo  nicely  connected  a 
to  form  one  whole*  The  (;.eDter  mui 
be  feen  di(!io6l,  eacb  wing  the  fame 
9nd  Ijkewife  the  fmafl  parts  (I  knov 
not  what  to  call  then)}  which  join  th 
center  to  the  wings.  Thefe  are  al 
diftinft  parts,  though  joined  together 
nor  is  there  any  fimilitude  of  taile  be 
tween  the  center  and  the  wings.  At 
the  pieces  of  this  front  are  light  ant 
elegant  to  a  great  degree  5  but  whei 
conlidered  as  the  connected  parts  o 
one  whole,  the  want  of  unity  is  ftri 


•  //  tneiji  bfJhuithiproportiOH  of  a  pillar  u  fateJ^  and  ahvays  tbt  fame, 
knoiAj  nothing  of  arcbitiJfure,  hut  *vinA)  tkefi  at  lUlham  and  other f  at  Blcnkem-^ 
ne*virfpeak  hj  rules ^  but  my  eyeu 

kin 


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176S. 


Of  M01.J;  am-Hou«i. 


J^in^.  The  center  h  umfocm,  and  jf 
I  luaj  be  allowed  tlie  expreilion,  eU- 
gxntly  magnificent  i  Nq  building  can 
deierve  tbefi:  epithets  more  tl^an  this  : 
But  I  casfiot  apply  tbeoi  to  the  whole 
£ront«  becauff  the  parts  are  not  of  a 
uniform  tafte»  and  the  wnngs  are  atbeft 
but  light  and  elej^ant  $  they  have  no- 
thing magnificent  in  them  :  As  to  the 
jainiMg  fiicest  they  are  pntty,  .The 
iauth  front  confilb  of  one  row  of  Ve- 
jiedan  vrindovs,  over  another  ofcom- 
inon  {k(hes  in  the  rufticv.  This  froa{ 
^oes  not  pleafe  me  fo  well  as  the 
Ibath  one,  but  it  is  by  far  more  of  ^ 
*piece  with  the  wings,  &c. 

Will  you  ex£ttfe  thcfc  criticifms  - 
/rom  one  who  knows  nothing  of  arch L- 
te^arcy  but  its  power  of  pleaiing  the 
tafte  of  indi viduals.-«»  Asone  among  the 
M^ny^  I  give  you  my  opinion,  but  | 
wifli  you  would  pals  over  all  tbefe 
para  of  my  letters,  till  you  fee  the 
-ctbfe^s  yourfelf,  for  I  cannot  give  you 
jm  idea  of  the  buildings  clear  enough 
hf  deicription  for  you  to  fee  the  pro- 
4pricty  or  abfurdity  of  my  remarks. 

But  the  in  fide  of  the  houie!  fay  you— 
Aye,  my  friend,  there  lies  thejorte  of 
Holkamj  talk  not,  ye  admirers  by 
wholesale,  of  the  fronts-^Contriv^ncp 
nuft  have  been  the  chara^lerilUc  of 
Lotd  JLeicefUr  ^  for  fo  convenient  a 
hoak  does  not  exift—-ro  admirably 
adaipccd  to  the  Epglilh  way  of  living 
and  fo  ready  to  be  applied  to  the  grand 
or  the  comfortable  nile  of  life. 

You  enter  what  they  call  the  great 
liall,  but  i$  in  reality  a  paffage.  It  ie 
called  m  cube  of  forty  eight  feet ;  bot 
eighteen  very  large  and  ma^^niAcenf 
Corinthian  pillars,  having  theu*  pedef- 
^s  refted  on  a  marble  paflage  around 
if,  and  eight  or  ten  feet  high  from  th^ 
ground,  the  area  at  bottom  is  but  an 
«bk>n|^  pai&ge,  walled  in  with  Derby- 
^re  marble,  and  upon  that  wall  are 
the  pillars,  fix  in  a  line  on  each  fide, 
•ad  ix  in  front,  in  a  femi-circle,  a* 
xound  a  flight  of  Heps  up  to  the  ia-- 
ioon  dooi*.  The  paflage  or  gallery,  ^ 
ir  may  be  called,  runs  around  thefe 
jiillars,  and  ^botb  together  take  up  [q 
jnuch  room  that  all  iort  of  proportion 
is  loft  I  to  look  from  it  into  the  area, 
it  appears  exadly  like  a  bath.  The 
fcuth  front  was  one  proof,  and  this 
liall  19  another,  that  the  architect's 
^eaiof  was  not  of  the  magnificent  or 
iiibUme  ftamp  for  in  bo^h  he  aimed  at 


31 

jjreatneTs ;  the  imprefSon  of  the  front 
IS  varied  and  confequcntly  weakened 
by  the  wings,,  and  the  want  of  propoc- 
tion  in  the  hall  ruins  the  vaft  c/lc^ 
which  would  otherwife  attend  the  maa- 
nificenre  of  fych  pillars  fo  nobly  sj- 
rangcd  j  but  i^  the  elegant,  the  plej- 
•!'?§»  tbc  agreeable,  his  taile  has  never 
failed  throughout  the  whole  buildiug, 
—The  ball  is  enttrciy  of  Derbyikiic 
marble. 

The  (aloon  is  forty-two  feet  bf 
twenty  (tvc^,  a  proportion  much  con- 
demned, but  it  is  by  no  means  diC- 
pleafing  to  me.  Some  call  it  a  gallery  | 
and  I  thiok  a  gallery  is  infiHittly  pre- 
ferable to  a  cube,  or  to  any  proportion 
near  a  fquare  enormoufly  liigh :  one  of 
the  finelt  rooms  in  England  is  the  dou- 
ble cube  at  Wilton,  which  is  more  of 
a  gallery  than  the  faloon  at  Holkam, 
and  yet  no  one  ever  entered  it  w^ithout 
being  ftruck  with  the  juftnefs  of  the 
proportions.    ■  This     laloon     it 

bun|;  with  crimfon  caffoy;  the  pier 
glailes  finall  on  account  of  the  nar- 
rowi^efs  of  the  piers,  each  againU 
a  pillar  of  the  portico,  but  in  fk 
very  elegant  tafte.  The  rooms  ^ 
the  left  of  the  faloon  are,  firft,  a  draw- 
ing room  33  by  12,  hung  with  crim- 
fon catFoy.  The  pier  glafles  very 
large  and  exceedingly  elegants  Th^ 
ajgatc  tables  beautiful  beyond  defcrip- 
tion.  From  thence  we  entered  thp 
landfcapc  room,  which  is  a  drcOlng 
room  to  the  ftate  bedchamber}  it^ 
44  (>y  2x,  hung  with  crimfon  da^maik » 
a  paflage-rOom  Jeads  to  the  anti-rooi^i 
to  the  the  chapel,  and  then  into  the 
ftate  gallery.  The  walls  are  of  Derb>v- 
(hire  raarbie  j  the  altar  and  all  the  de- 
corations in  a  very  fine  taftc.  Returnr 
ing  to  the  landlcapc-room,  you  pais 
into  the  ft^te  bedchamber,  30  by  &^, 
which  is  fitted  up  in  a  mod  clegai^t 
tafte.  It  is  hung  with  French  tap-ftry, 
expept  between  the  piers,  wliich  i^ 
by  Mr.  Saunders  of  Soho-lquare,  tjip 
colours  of  the  whole  exccedinirly  bril- 
liant. The  bed  is  a  cut  velvet,  upofi 
a  white  fattin  ground,  and  as  it.  ap« 
pears  in  common  is  a  very  handfon^e 
gilt  fettee,  under  a  canopy  of  ftate  i 
The  derign  of  tnis  bed  is  equal  tp 
any  thing  you  ever  I4W.  The  chim- 
ney-piece  remarkably  beautiful;  Pel- 
licans  in  white  m4rble.  The  next 
apartment  is  lady  Leiccfter's,  comKi- 
ing  of  a  bedchaiiiber,  drefllr.g-room, 

cloicr 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


32 


•CONVEKIEIIT     A^AttTMCkTS. 


Jah: 


cloCet  wttb  boojcs,  and  a  fmaller  one. 
The  bedchamber  24.  by  »2,  purpfe 
damaik,  French  chain  of  ChiiTeldreet 
Telvet  tapeftry;  the  chimney-picce  a 
ba(r.  rtl.  of  white  marble  finely  polifh- 
cd.  The  drefiing-room  «S  by  «4  hung 
with  blae  damalK.  So  much  fbr  the 
luite  of  rooms  to  the  left  of  the  ludl 
and  faloon. 

On  the  other  fide  you  enter  from 
the  latteri  another  drawing^oom  33 
by  ti,  bung  with  a  crimfon  flowered 
velvet.  The  gtaffes  tablet  and  chim- 
fiey-pieces  are  well  worthy  of  your  at- 
tention. From  this  room  you  enter 
the  ftatue  gallery  {  which,  I  think,  is, 
without  exception,  the  mofl  beautiful 
room  I  ever  beheld  s  The  dimenfions 
are  to  the  eye  proportion  itfclf— no- 
thinjr  ofllendi  the  moft  criticifiag.  It 
connfts  of  a  middle  part  70  feet  by  «i, 
at  e^ah  end  an  odagan  of  11,  open  to 
the  center  by  an  arch  j  in  one  are  com- 
partments with  bookf,  and  In  the 
other  ftatues  :  Thofe  in  the  principal 
part  of  the  gallery  ftand  in  niches  in 
the  wall,  along  one  fide  of  the  room, 
on  each  fide  the  chimney  piece.  Ob- 
ierve  in  particular  the  Diana,  the  fi- 
gure is  extremely  fine,  and  the  arms 
inimitably  turned.  The  Venus  in  wet 
drapery  is  likcwife  exquifite ;  nothing 
can  eixceed  the  manner  in  which  the 
formof  the  limbs  is  feen  through  Che 
doathing.  The  dabs  are  very  fine; 
the  only  plain  one  in  the  boufe,  (they 
are  all  gilt  fret  work  and  mofaic^  not 
accidentally }  it  appears  to  me  a  nroke 
of  propriety  and  true  taftel 

The  entrance  I  have  alreadv  men- 
tioned from  the  drawing-room  is  into 
one  o6(agon,  and  out  of  the  other 
opens  the  door  into  the  dining-room, 
a  cube  of  twenty-eight  feet,  with  a 
large  recefi  for  the  fideboard,  and  two 
chimney-pieces  exceedingly  elegant; 
one  a  fow  and  pigs  and  wolf,  the 
other  a  bear  and  bee-hives,  finely  done 
in  white  marble;  the  nofe  of  the  fow 
iras  broke  off  by  a  too  common  mif- 
application  of  (enfe, /f^/r/^  in/bead  of 
fifing  i  John,  to  an  ob}e£k  of  fight, 
prefents  his  fift  or  his  horfewhip.  Re- 
turning into  the  ftatue  gallery,  one 
o6lagon  leads  into  the  Grangers  wing, 
and  the  other  to  the  late  earl's  apart- 
ment:  Confining  of,  i.  The  anti- 
room.  2.  His  lordftiip's  dreffing- 
rooni.  3.  The  library,  50  by  «i,  and 
exceedingly  elegant.   4.  Her  hidyfhip^s 


drefnng-rt>om.  5.  Ttie  bed-chamber 
6.  A  clofet  with  books.  The  roonU 
are  about  ii  by  10.  The  ftransen 
wkigi  of  anti-chamber-^  dreifin^- 
room— —bed-chamber -«  clofet  with 
books  -^  bed-chamber -^  dreffing-roofb 

— bed-  chamber- dreffin  J-  room-The 

fitting  up  of  the  whole  houfe,  in  all 
particulars  not  mentioned,  is  in  the 
mofl  beautiful  tafec,  the  VeYietian  win* 
dows  beyond  ant  you  ever  beheld ;  or- 
namented with  magnificent  pillars,  and 
a  profufion  of  gilding. 

But  now,  (if,  let  me  come  to  what 
of  all  oHier  circumflances  is  in  Hoi* 
kam  infinitef]jr  the  moft  ftriking,  and 
what  renders  it  fo  particularly  fuperior 
to  all  the  great  houfes  in  the  king^^ 
fiom-^comfimeMCi'  In  the  firft  place, 
with  the  itate  apartments — From  the 
hall  to  the  faloon,  on  each  fide  a  draw* 
ing-room,  through  one  of  them  to  the 
fbite  dreffing-room  and  bed-chamber  t 
This  is  .perteftly  complete.  Through 
the  other  drawing-ixxmi  to  the  ftatue- 
gallery,  which  may  be  called  the  rtn* 
dezvous  room,  and  connefls  a  nunw 
ber  of  apartments  together,  in  an  ad* 
mirable  manner;  for  one  o^agoit 
opens  into  the  private  wing,  and  the 
other  into  the  itrangeri,  on  one  fide, 
and  into  the  dining-rooih  ort  the  other. 
This  dining-room  ir  on  one  fide  of 
the  hall,  on  the  other  is  lady  Leicef- 
ter*s  dreffing-toom  ;  and  through  that 
her  bed-chamber  and  clofets.  From 
the  recefs  in  the  dining-room  opens  a 
little  door  on  to  a  f(air  cafe,  which 
leads  immediately  to  the  offices;  and 
I  fhould  likewife  tell  you,  that  in  the 
center  of  the  wings,  by  the  ceiher  of 
the  honfe,  by  the  faloon  doer,  and  be- 
hind lady  Leicelter's  clofet,  are  flair 
cafes  ^uite  unfeen,  which  communi- 
cate with  all  the  rooms,  and  lead 
down  into  the  officet  -  I  inythnmii 
for  the  hall  is  the  only  room  feen^on 
the  ground  floor;  you  flep  directly 
from  a  coach  into  it,  without  any 
qnarry  of  winding  fleps  to  wet  a  lady 
to  the  fkin  before  (he  gets  undef  co- 
yer. From  the  hall  yon  rife  to  the  Sa- 
loon, or  firf^  floor,  and  there  is  no  at- 
tick.  Thus  you  perceive  there  are 
four  general  apartment?,  which  are  all 
diftin6t  from  each,  with  no  reciprocal 

thoroughfares  ; the  ftate  —  her 

lady (hip*s— the  late  earl's  ■  ■  *  and  the 
(Grangers  wing.  Thefe  fever  ally  opea 
ii3to    what   may   be  called  common 

rooms. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17K8.  pointings  dt  Holkami 

iooiit  and  all  immediately  commiuii- 
tMt  with  tbe  dining  room.  There 
nay  be  boufes  larger,  and  more  mag- 
nificent, iHit  haman  genias  can  never 
contrive  any- tUng  more  convenient. 

f  f«ar  I  hare  already  expofed  my Telf 
in  my  criticirmf  on  archite^ure,  what 
ImII  I  therefore  fay  to  the  paintings  1 
Itdy  apon  your  candour,    and  expreft 


to  yo«  nocliiiig  but  my  feeling ;  I  bad 
rather  prtife  what  the  critics  would 
call  an  execrxhle  piece,  than  be  guided 
merely  by  the  diaatest>f  common  fame: 
Many  a  Tcraet  may  pleaie  me  as  wefl 
us  t  Cfattd.  I  fkall  minute  the  pain- 
ten  namet,  with  the  fubje^b,  and 
here  md  there  an  occafional  remark. 

Cignani.  Jofieph  and  Podphar's  wife; 
a  gcwdpifce. 

P.  Pietrit.    Tirgin  and  child. 

Pottffin.  Two^fitrgc  landfcapes.  A 
A  roudlerOne.  Three  others  in  the 
bndf^ape-room ;  €ne.    Two  others. 

Vandyke.  Duke  of  Aremberg ;  a 
fcry  feocTMCce. 

P.  Coftona.  Coriolanui:  The  £- 
gure  of  the  old  man  kneeling  before 
CeriolaaiiSy  and  hiding  his  face  with 
fm  bsids^  ia  extremely  fine ;  but  the 
figmne  of  Coriolanus  himfelf,  without 
Agiiit3S  baughtinels,  or  any  great  ex- 
prefion.  The  wife  leading  her  two 
childretiy  and  fmllin^  on  them,  forms 
■  figure  of  no  expreffion  :  The  colour- 
ing, however,  and  the  back  ground 
are  good  ;  the  dtfpofition  indifferent. -- 
Jacob  and  £(aa,  dark  and  difagreea- 
hie. 

GieniiBppi  Cfaierera.  Continence  of 
Ccjpio,  The  orofile  of  the  Spani(h  la- 
dy,  wonderfuily  graceful  and  fine. 
ScifRo^fl,  a  very  bad  figure,  his  coun- 
tenmce  without  expreiBon;  but  the  dif- 
pofifirm  of  the  group  very  well  ima- 
gnubd.— Perfias  and  Andromeda  ;  An- 
Sroineda*t  fijgnre,  a  very  good  one,  and 
Che  whole  piece  well  coloured. 

Procochtano.  Death  of  Lucretia; 
the  Hghts  and  (hades  very  bad.— Qujn- 
tiM  Cincinnituf. 

Gfiido.  Jofeph  and  Potiphar's  wife  j 
AOfie  of  this  famous  painter's  bright 
and  giowing  manner.  The  colounng 
hard  and  difagreeable.— A  fainfshead. 
—Cupid.— Alfomption ;  vile. 

Rubens.  Flight  into  Egypt;  a  good 
^^ore,  but  the  %urcs  difagrccblc, 
c^cially  Mary's,    who  is    a   female 

jaa,  1768. 


33 

mountain.    The  drawing  appears  to 
be  bad.— Birds. 

/Titian.  Venus;  the  colouring  goitt 
off,  hard  and  difagreeabU* — Venetian 
lady  ;  colours  gone— Woman's  head i 
ditto. 

Dominichino.  Lot.  and  his  daugh- 
ters J  dark  and  difagreeablet— Atra^ 
ham  and  Ifaac,  (in  the  landfcap^-room) 
rather  in  a  dark  ilile. 

Carlo  Maratt.  Alandfcape  not  in  his 
bright  manner.— Judith  and  flolopber- 
nes;  dark.— Madona,  reading.— Apollo 
and  Daphne.— Magdalen  and  angel., 

Vernet.  Two  views  of  a  iformj 
hoth  exceeding  fine. 

Salvator  Rofa.    A  rt)ck  5  very  jin^ 

F.  Bolonefe.  A  rock.— St.  joh$ 
Baptift. 

Onionte.    Two  landfcapes. 

L.  Giordano.    St.  John  preachings 

Claud.  Loraine.  Liindfcapes ;  rivcf 
and  bridge. -tegafus.- -  Argus.- •  Apollo 
keeping  (hecp.— Three  others..-Repof^ 
in  Egypt.  In  tbefe  landfcapes,  Claud's 
elegant  genius  Ihines  with  uncoromoa 
luftre. 

LucatelH,    Two  landfcapes. 

Hamilton,  Jupiter  and  Juno;  co- 
louring bad }  her  neck  and  face  the 
beft. 

An.  darrach.  Polyphcmc  and  Ga- 
latea ;  the  drawing  ftrong  and  iine. 

Conca.  Two  altar  pieces  |  indiffc* 
rent  colouring. 

Albano.     Holy  family. 

P.  Laura.  Two  pieces  of  boys  and 
flowers. 

Raphael.  Madona  and  child  ;  drair- 
ing  and  colouring  very  fine.— Holy  fa- 
mily. Bttt  querf  of  both  to  the  coi\- 
noifleurs  in  originality. 

Parmegiano.  Woman  in  a  cave ; 
pleaffs  me  better  than  any  piece  in 
this  coUedlion.  The  face  very  expref- 
five,  extremely  delicate,  finely  turned, 
and  the  drapery  exquifite,  difplaying 
the  roundoefs  of  the  limbs  through  it 
in  the  happieft  tafte. 

P.  VeronefCi  M.  Magdalen,  wafhf 
ing  our  Saviour's  feet. 

jBafTan.    Chrifl  carrying  the  crofs, 

Lanfranco.  Youth  and  Old  Age, 
two  pieces ;  the  Old  Man  vcfy  fine.— 
Angel  appearing  to  Jofeph  in  a  dream  5 
dark  ilile. 

And.  Sacchi.  Abraham,  Khmacl, 
&c. 

Cyprianj.  St.  Ann;,  and  St.  Ce^- 
S  ]ia« 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


34 


A   Barbarous    Stratagem. 


lia.  The  colouring  very  fine;  the 
attitades  admirablei  ind  the  drapery 
graceful. 

The  ob]e6k  moft  ftrikin^  on  the 
north  iide  of  the  park»  is  the  lake» 
which  is  of  great  extent,  and  the 
moft  beautiful  I  ever  faw }  the  (hore 
is  a  very  bold  one,  all  covered  with 
w«od  to  a  great  height,  and  on  the 
top  ftands  the  church.  The  planta- 
tions in  general  are  (ketched  with  more 
tafte  than  any  to  be  feen  :  In  the  num- 
ber of  acres  many  exceed  them  ;  but 
they  appear  to  various  points  of  view, 
infinitely  more  confiderable  than  they 
really  arc.  At  the  north  entrance  in- 
to the  park,  they  (how  prodigiouily 
|;rand  :  you  look  full  upon  the  houfe 
■with  a  very  nohle  back  ground  of 
wood  i  the  obelt(k  juft  above  the  cen- 
ter 4  with  an  extent  of  plantation  on 
each  fide  that  renders  the  view  really 
magnificent.  Nothing  can  be  more 
b^utiftfl  than  that  from  the  church, 
the  boufe  appears  in  the  midft  of  an 
amphitheatre  of  wood,  the  planta- 
tions rifing  one  above  another.  An- 
other point  of  view  which  I  would  re- 
commend to  you,  is  the  vale  on  the 
eaft  fide  of  the  park.  The  north  plaii- 
tati6n  ftretches  away  to  the  right, 
with  vaft  magnificence,  and  the  iouth 
Woods  to  tlie  left,  and  joining  in  the 
front,  which  is  an  extent  of  plantation 
that  has  i  noble  eifea.'* 

A/t  AciouMt  of  a  hafe  mid  barbarous  Stra* 
iagem  fraS'tfed  by  a  Moorifii  Frinct. 

HISTORY  records  a  very  fingular 
and  cruel  fcheme  of  politics  pro- 
jected and  executed  by  Mebemet  AU 
mehdi,  king  of  Fez,  a  prince  not 
Icls  remarkable  for  his  ambition  than 
kia  refined  craft  and  b^pocrify.  He 
iiad  a  long  war  to  maintain  againft 
fome  neighbouring  nations,  who  refu- 
fcd  to    fubmit  to  his  tyranny.    He 

gained  over  them  fcver^l  viclories, 
ut  having  afterwards  loit  a  battle, 
wherein  he  had  expofed  his  troops 
fi^ith  a  blind  fury,  tbey  were  To  difpi- 
rited  that  they  refufed  to  go  again  ft 
the  enemy.  To  infpira  them  with 
courage,  he  imaginea  the 'following 
Kratagem : 

Having  aifembled  fecretly  a  certain 
number  of  officers  who  were  bell  af- 
fe^ed  to  him,  he  propofed  to  chem 
confiderable  rewards,  if  the>  would 
^onfent  to  be  iliut  up  for  fomc  hours^ 
I 


Jan. 

in  srives,  as  if  they  bad  been  killed 
in  oattle ;  that  he  would  leave  theoa  a 
fu/Hcient  vent  for  breathing,  and  that 
when,  in  confequence  of  a  fuperfti- 
tious  device  he  defigned  cunningly  to 
fpread  through  the  army,  tbey  2ioiil4 
happen  to  be  interrogated,  they  wer« 
to  anfwer,  that  they  had  found  what 
their  king  had  promt  fed  them  \  that 
they  enjoved  the  rewards  of  martyr* 
dom,  and  that  thofe  who  (honld  imi- 
tate them  by  fighting  valiantly,  and 
ihould  die  in  that  war,  wouli  enjoy 
the  fame  felicity.  The  thing  was  exe- 
cuted as  he  had  propofed.  He  laid  hit 
^oft  faithful  fervants  anwng  the  dead» 
covered  them  with  earth,  and  left 
them  a  fmall  vent  for  drawing  breath. 
He  afterwards  entered  the  camp,  and 
afiembling  the  principal  chiefs  about 
midnight :  <^  You  are  (faid  he)  the 
(bldiers  of  God,  the  defenders  of  the 
faith,  and  the  proteflon  of  truth* 
Prepare  to  exterminate  your  enemies, 
^ho  are  likewife  the  enemies  of  the 
Moft  High,  and  depend  upon  it  you 
win  never  find  fo  fure  an  opportunity 
of  being  pleafing  in  his  fight.  But, 
as  there  may  be  daftards  and  ftupid 
wretches  among  youi  who  do  not  be- 
lieve my  words,  I  am  willing  to  coiv- 
vince  them  by  tbe  fight  of  a  great 
prodigy. 

Go  to  the  field  of  battle,  afic  thofe 
of  your  brethren  who  have  been  killed 
this  day  J  they  will  aflure  you  that 
they  enjoy  the  moft  perfcS  happinefs, 
for  having  loft  their  lives  in  this  war." 
He  then  ted  them  to  the  field  of  bat- 
tle, where  he  cried  out  with  all' hit 
might ;  "  O  aflembly  of  faithful  mar- 
tyrs,  make  known  how  many  won- 
ders you  have  feen  of  the  moft  high 
God !"  They  anfwered,  "  We  have 
received  from  th^  Almighty  infinite 
rewards,  which  the  living  can  have 
noul^aof.**  The  chiefs,  furprifedat 
this  anfwer,  ran  to  publifh  it  in  the 
army}  and  revived  courage  in  the 
heart  of  the  foldicry.  Whilft  this  was 
tranfa^ed  in  the  camp,  the  king,  feign- 
ing an  exUfy,  caufed  by  this  miracle, 
remained  near  the  graves  where  his 
buried  fervants  vraited  their  deliver- 
ancej  but  he  flopped  up  the  holes 
through  which  they  breathed,,  and 
fent  them  to  receive,  in  the  other 
world,  by  this  barbarous  ftrataecm, 
the  reward  they  had  made  a  declara- 
tion of  to  othsri, 

AMONG 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


A  Spirited  Address.' 


AMONG  tbe  many  pieces  pub- 
liflwd  relative  to  th^  eniuing 
general  eledion,  the  following  ijpiritea 
one  (eems  to  claim  peculiar  nouce. 

7#  tie  £iiff$rs  of  ibi  County  of  Norfolk^ 
.  01^  oftbt  City  and  County  of  Norwich. 

Gentlemen, 

A  S  it  is  the  undovbted  right,  fo  I 
wiih  it  may  for  ever  remain,  the  unre^ 
trained  privilege  of  all  Britiih  fubjefts, 
freely  to  declare  their  fentiraents,  con- 
sent with  truth  and  correfpondent 
Cids  i  concerning  the  public  conduct 
oftfaofi!whoareentnifted  with  our  li- 
berties^ and  of  thoiewho  afpire  after  tbe 
honour  of  reprefenting  us  in  the  boufe 
4>f  commons.  The  prefent  time  of  an 
approaching  eledion,  is  certainly  the 
Bioft  proper  for  a  fa\€t  impartial  an- 
i)uiry  into  tbe  views,  the  conduft,  and 
abilities  of  all  who  olFer  themielves  as 
candidates.  The  endeavouring,  there- 
fore, to  remove  prejudices  and  prepof- 
ieffions,  to  inform  or  undeceive  our 
follow  eledors,  by  dating  fadis  in  a 
yoA  and  fair  light}  fo  as  may  fix 
their  deunaination  on  tlie  choice  of 
reprefontatives,  whd  are  from  princi- 
ple fincerdy  and  heartily  in  the  inte- 
re&offiboty,  on  which  the  fecurity 
of  our  perfons  and  property  fo  eflfen- 
tialJy  depeodi  is  highly  commendable. 
-—And  as  many  p&s  have  been  era- 
ployed  in  this  laudable  conteft,  I  here- 
by caft  my  mite  into  the  oubiic  trea- 
idrj:  becaufe  a  fatal  miftake  in  our 
choice  of  men  to  reprefent  us  in  par- 
liament for  feven  years  ;  may  deprive 
US,  and  our  pofterity,  of  all  that  is 
dear  and  valusible  ;  and  may  perhaps, 
make  it  even  dangerous  to  fjpeak  the 
truth,  of  tbofe  whom  we  choole  for  the 
guardians  of  our  liberties. 

A  large  eflate  6nly,  qualifies  no 
man  for  a  Icgiflators  becaufe  many 
fuch,  not  only  want  veracity,  but  are 
weak  and  ignorant  i  and  may  eafily 
be  made  the  dupes  and  tools  of  artful 
and  defigning  courtiers.— Covetous 
men,  and  profufe  extravagant  men, 
are  neither  of  them  fit  to  be  entruft- 
ed  with  our  liberties  ;  becaufe  liable  to 
be  lAAoenced  by  bribes  i  as  the  one 
muft  have  money,  and  the  other  will 
hare  it.— Ambitious  men,  and  fuch 
aa  are  addided  to  gaming,  are  alfo 
equally  dangerous. — We  ought  there- 
fore to  be  very  careful  into  what 
faandf  we  commit  our  liberties  and 


35 


properties— Such  as  have  been  proved 
and  found  faithful  to  the  truft  repofed 
in  them,  may  fafely  be  chofcn  again. 
But  if  any  appear  to  have  been  venal, 
weak,  inattentive,  or  any  other  way  . 
unfit  for  the  difcharge  of  (o  important 
a  trull  J  they  ought  now  with  a  be- 
coming Britiih  fpirit  and  refolution  to 
be  rejefled. 
We  have  had  two  moft  important 

5|ueftions,  warmly  debated  in  the  pre- 
ent  pariiament.  Namely,  the  Ame- 
rican ftamp  aft  5  and  that  about  the 
illegality  of  general  warrants.— Such 
members  as  were  willing  to  put  a 
yoke  upon  the  necks  of  their  fellow, 
fubjefts  abroad,  and  to  force  their 
money  out  of  their  pockets  againft 
their  confent,  without  an  aft  orthcir 
own  legiflative  aflcmblies,  may  be  fup- 
pofed  likely  enough  to  give  into  mea- 
fures,  injurious  to  their  conftituents  | 
when  it  may  ferve  fome  particular 
views  or  intereft  of  their  own.— 
And  whoever  voted  in  favour  of  gene- 
ral warrants,  by  poftponing  that  moft 
important  queiiion;  has  openly  dc- 
ferted  the  uicred  and  glorious  caufe 
of  liberty,  given  up  the  faireft  oppor- 
tunity that  ever  prefentcd,  for  afcer- 
taining  the  law  which  fecures  the  per-* 
fons  and  properties  of  the  people  of 
Great  Britain,  from  the  arbitrary 
will  and  pleafure  of  men  in  power, 
to  feize  and  riffle  them  by  virtue  of 
fuch  warrants. 

The-pretences  made  ufe  of  to  excufe 
fuch  voters,  cannot  be  admitted  :  For 
the  queflion  about  general  warrants, 
was  not  moved  in  parliament  to  fn- 
ctpitatCf  or  fufortede  tht  power  of  tbe 
courts  of  law,  to  alter  tbeir  rule  of  pro* 
ceediug^  or  to  bring  them  into  a  fiaxe  of 
dependanceon  tbe  boufe  of  commons  \  not  to 
prejm^e  or  e<voke  tbe  caufe^  and  bante  it 
condemned  by  an  arbitrary  refolutiou 
there.  Jj*^,  with  other  (hggeftions 
of  the  Irue  Briton  \  in  tbe  Norivub 
Mercury  of  Nov,  a  8,  could  not  poflibly 
be  the  reafons  upon  which  tbe  opinion 
0^  tbe  afperfed  gentlemen  nvas  founded, 
when  they  voted  on  the  i7ih  of  Feb. 
1764,  to  poftpone  the  queftion  about 
general  warrants :  becaufe,  tbe  illega- 
lity of  them  had  been  decided  in  the 
Court  of  Common  Pl^s  above  two 
months  before  i  and  upon  which, 
Lord  Chief  Juftice  Pratt  declared,frora 
the  Bench,  that  upon  the  matured 
conlideration,  general  warrants  are  ih 
£  a  legal 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


36 


ShrswD  Questions." 


Ja». 


UgaL    Central  tuarranis  art  unconftitu- 

tional.  General  ^warrants  art  ro4s  of 
iron  for  the  ch.ijiifement  of  the  ptopU  of 
Great  Britain. --Tht  oppofition  there- 
fore which  was  made  to  the  rcfpla'tion 
propofed  in  parliament  on  the  i4.th 
of  February,  1764,  could  only  be  d«- 
iigned  to  prevent  the  houfe  of  com^ 
mons  from  giving  a  faiiflion  to  Lord 
Camden'i  opinion,  and  confirming  the 
determination  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Picas.  And  was  it  not  for  this,  that 
fome  placemen  were  threatened  tp 
be  difmiflVd  by  thofe  in  power  ?  If 
they  did  not  quit  tjie  minority,  witl> 
whom  they  at  firft  joined  i  and  vote 
OB  the  other  fide  when  the  debate 
came  on  again :  in  order  to  ftop, 
fuch  a  refolution  as  might  then  have 
pafled,  for  the  beneiu  and  fafety 
of  the  fubje6>s  of  Great  Britain } 
But  by  poflponiag  the  queftion,  a  ne- 
cefiary  amendment  to  (Irengthcn  and 
explain  the  law,  whereby  our  perfoni 
and  properties  would  have  been  be- 
yond difpute  fecured  to  us,^  by  a  re- 
cord in  the  regifters  <4  parliament,  99 
yitW  as  in  the  Coui't  of  Common  Pleas^ 
was  prevented  by  thofe  tools  of  power. 
—  How  therefore  can  it  be  expc6led 
that  the  true  friends  of  liberty  (hould 
approve,  and  re- cleft  thofe  to  rcpre- 
/ent  them  again  in  parliament,  who 
have  done  the  public  fo  great  an  in- 
jury, that  they  may  juftly  be  efteeiijcd, 
l^ot  the  friends,  but  the  enetnies  of 
liberty  ? 

'  And  18  it  not  very  aftonifhing  tliat 
gentlemen  can  dare  to  Jeclart  in  printt 
4nd  fign  their  names ;  that  m  quejlion 
t^on  th^  iegalitj  or  illegalitj  of  general 
iuarrants  luas  enjer  mo'ved  in  the  houfe  ? 
Norwich  Mercury,  Oft,  31.  Andf  to 
add  Nov.  14.  *lhat  nxihatt'ver  queflion 
ftiighi  ietropcfeJ  on  thi  \\th  of  February     .  ,  , 

1764.,  'The  Ugalitj  or  illegalitj  of  general  from  hit  public  conduft.  '  He 
nAjarrants  ivas  not  ihe  point  in  dtbait  on  openly  approved  and  joined  in 
that  day?  and  yet  (as  their  advocate 
the  True  Briton  confeflcth)  this  was 
the  refolution  propofed  "  that  a  ge- 
neral warrant  for  apprehending  and 
feiiing  the  authors,  printers,  and 
publiQiers  of  a  feditious  libel,  toge- 
ther with  their  papers,  is  not  war- 
ranted by  law/'  Namely,  is  not  legal. 
Does  not  this  queftion  dircftly  lead  to 
that  point  and  to  that  point  only  ? 
But  if  this  point  was  not  at  all  confi- 
de red  cr  «i^-'it^d  (which  I  do  not  fe« 
h'jw  it  cc  uu  Uc  avoided)  the  gentle- 


me^i  (hould  b«ve  informed' the  PoWcy 
who  are  lb  greatly  diflatisfied  wkh 
them,  what  point  it  was  which.  ^ 
warmly  engaged  the  attendon  of  par- 
liament for  two  days  in  that  feifion. 
And  at  to  the  following  words;  1/ 
*wfi$  thought  that  this  *wotud  be  mtrt  r<* 
gularfy  determined  in  the  courta  of  latM9 
luhere  it  nuas  tbtn  dtptnding,  emd  nvh^g 
only  in  our  opinion  it  ivotild  kt  properff 
decided.  Does  not  this  reafon  for  their 
voting  prove,  tbt  point  in  que/Hon  ivtu 
debated,  and  contradift  their  firft  af- 
fertion  ?  And  therefore,  what  it  this 
but  meer  evafion?  Is  it  not  very 
ilrange^  that  gentlemen  could  fo  foon 
forget,  or  that  the  queftion  itfelf,  and 
what  muft  neceilariiy  have  bean 
fpoken  apon  it,  Otould  not  make  them 
remember,  that  the  caufe  itfelf  had 
been  clearly  decided  in  the  Court  o£ 
Common  Pleas,  before  aa  upright 
judge,  and  moft  able  lawyer  i  Itttla 
more  than  two  months  before  ?  How 
therefore  can  they  expeft  that  we 
Piall  entruft  the  perfons  and  proper^ 
ti^s,  righu  and  privileges  of  the  peo^ 
pie  of  Great  Britain  again,  in  the 
fame  hands,  who  voted  (o  injurioufly 
to  tlie  facred  caufe  of  liberty;  and 
publifli  fuch  declarauons  to  cover  mif* 
conduft  ?  But  faftfi  areftubboro  thingSy 
and  will  aot  bend  to  ferve  a  bad  caulie, 
whilft  the  fafts  above  admit  of  no 
djfpnt^. 

A  new  candidate  prefentt  himTtU' 
to  the  city  and  county  of  Norwich « 
with  the  ufual  profeifion  of  zeal  to 
promote  tht  nvelfartf  tht  trade,  and  ma^ 
nufaSures  of  this  great  city :  and  that  ka 
ivill  moft  Jlrenuovjly  oppofe  edl  atttmpts 
upon  the  liber ^  of  tht  fmbje^  tmd  t^ery 
other  unconfttutionai  mtafwrt.  But  aa 
aftions  fpeak  louder  than  words,  we 
are  left  to  infer  hit  true   principlei 

has: 

nomination  of  thofe  wbofe  votes  in  par* 
liament  have  rendered  them  obnoc- 
tious  to  the  friends  of  libtrty.^^By  hia 
efpouiing  the  interefty  and  endeavour- 
ing  to  promote  the  re-eleftion  of  thofe 
gentlemen,  may  it  not  be  juftly  fup- 
pofed  ^notwithftanding  his  public 
declaration)  he  approves  the  very 
voting  which  hat  given  fuch  difguft 
to  the  public  ?  And  may  we'' not  from 
thence  fear  his  joining  in  the  like 
meafures  when  opportunity  prefents» 
if  confiftent  with  hit  own  particular. 

view^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


wkm  md  iattftft  ^-^I  know  notliiii; 
flf  kis  ibilkm  for  2  fenator ;  but  be 
km  difconrod  estli«r  hit  wiTdom,  or 
kh  rriHif fr,  ia  conitndiig  to  publiAi 
kk  aaoie  in  a  lift  of  it^.  A  \Uk,  im 
igf  ofnaion,  00  wiy  to  tb^  credit  of 
tBf  gntlemen  namfd  in  it,  txcept 
tke  two  cimiidatct.  Nor  was  I  a  llttl« 
iarpoMd  at  ieeing  (6  many  gentlemen 
o£  femmc,  degenerated  (b  far  from 
tbe  tme  pnocifTe&  of  liberty,  and  the 
u3bkc  fpim  of  oar  anceftors  i  by  fub*- 
misiRg  to  be  fo  expoM.  Though 
iiiiked  it  is  too  common  a  thing,  for 
a  iew  artful  and  deiigning  men  by  a 
iiiddeo  propo(al,  to  infliience,  and 
6mm  othtn  into  a  compliance  with 
that,  vhicb»  upon  due  coofideratioA 
tbcf  di£ipprov«.— And  if  our  new 
raodidatf  defirea,  and  would  obtain, 
tbe  voces,  tbe  tntereft,  and  fupport  of 
trv  ficieods  to  liberty  ;  I  believe,  him- 
fetf  and  his  frieiidt,  muft  iirft  openlv 
rcaoooce  their  Gonnedion»  with  tho(e 
who  have  deiertad  the  caufeof  liberty^ 
sod  not  9pfffif  but  mtfi  flnmnujiy  en* 
dcsmor  to  prevent  their  re-election  s 
to  ifaew,  that  he  is  confiftent  with  hit 
pohfic  declaration,  that  he  tmll  mofi 
/trtMmM/h  opffft  aU  aitunpis  up9H  tbe 
B^irp  if  the  fubjeff  and  enfety  ctber  mp» 
fw/trtMiioMol  miofxre. 

A  tme  firieod  to  liberty, 

An  impartial,  and 
Inoependant  Electoi.. 

t#  tbe  AUTHOR  ^  tbe  LONDOM 
MAGAZINE. 
SI  R, 

ICoo^ratulate  my  coontrymen  on  the 
revival  of  that  noble  fpirit  of  hof- 
pttatity  lately  demonlh^ted  by  a  ge- 
neral aver£oB  to  the  mean  praAice  of 
giviag  what  is  called  vails  to  their  fer- 
nots,  that  bane  of  friendly  entertain- 
QKat.  And  when  gentlemen  arrive 
u  ^  jaft  abhorrence  of  their  own  be|^. 
psSj  domefticks,  they  will  entertain 
the  laqie  ideas  of  them  every  where 
dfc.  fieggars  having  been  ever  deemed. 
ntn&Bccs,  diigraceful  to  chriitianity, 
aod  even  common  fociety  s  And  al- 
thoogh  at  gentlemen's  houfet  their  fer- 
vuti  do  not  aduaU;^  beg,  yet  is  their 
scceptanoeof  a  gratuity  beggarly  t  And 
the  perfim  wbooffisrs  it  muH  behirafelf 
of  ameaafpifit,  aa  he  thereby  offers  a 
V^  affront  to  the  maAer  of  thehoule. 
Theit  begi^rt  of  the  dumb  claft,  al- 
<ittQ|h  probabVy  b^^gart   bred>  yet 


FuUk  htns. 


n 


fhould  not  be  fuffered  to  bring  their 
itch  into  a  family.    But  they  are  the 
^ZjP^  of  another  tribe  I  am  about 
to  ipeak  of,  bred  and  licenfed  begirt, 
which  you  meet  vrith  at  every   inn, 
when  no  foooer  the  bill  it  called  for, 
but  thefe  fetters  pnck  up  their  ears, 
and  icamper  to  obilru6lf  the  avenues 
of  retreat.    A  gentleman,  or  tradef- 
man,  chufes  the  inn  where  he  may  be 
as  free  as  at  his  own  houfe  $   you  are 
flrewcd  a  room,  wherein  to  red  and 
refrefli  yourfelf,  your  horfe  is   taken 
to  the  ffable  for  his  eafe  and  refrclh- 
ment,  you  pay  what  is  charged  to  you 
for  all  this,  and  when  you  are  difpofed 
to  remove,  would  like  to  go  off  with 
the  fame  eafe  as  from  home.    But, 
alas  !  you  find  the  cafe  quite  different, 
more  like  getting  out  of  a  fponging- 
houfe,  where  debit  a.  per  betas  kvt  de* 
manded  for  each  of  their  myrmidons. 
The  appei^ance,  in  tbe  way  to  your 
horfe  or  carriage,  of  ^evcry  one  con- 
cerned to  deliver  what  you  have  or- 
dered, give  fignificant  intimations  of 
their  demands  upon  you,    which,  if 
you  negle^,  you  will  be  fore  to  hear 
them  bawl  out  with  an  infolent  tone 
of  petition,,  as.    Pray  remember  the 
oftlcr,    pray    remember    the  waiter, 
pray    remember    the    chambermaid, 
pray  remember  the  bootcatcher.  Sec. 
And  if  you  could  infenfibly  pafs  that 
gantlet,   you  muit  alfo  pafs   that   of 
their  fcurrilous  abufe,  as.  You  are  no 
gentleman,  and  probably  a  fcrub,  or 
a  fcoundrel,  and  all  this  while,    per- 
hapS)  the  landlord  or  landlady  pre&nt, 
quite  unconcerned,  wiihing  you  a  ve- 
ry good  journey.     They  have  got  their 
demands,  and  their  fervants  are  at  li- 
berty to    bully  you  for  their  wages. 
Such  is  the  prefent  fcandalous  iitua- 
tion  at  tbe  inns  in  England,  owing  to 
the  wretched   ftate  of  their  unprovi- 
ded fervants,    who    frequently  fuffer 
for  their  maffers  ill  ufage;    unprovi- 
ded,   becaufe  the  generality   coming 
from  the  dunghill  and  fturdy  beggars 
bred,     are  fuffered   to    continue  (Oy 
through  the  mean  greedinefs  of  their 
maffers,  who  thereby  merit  no  better 
guefts  than  gamblers.  Now,  finding  by 
ail    the   advertifementf  of  new  inn« 
keepers,  their  offers  of  tbe  beft  accom- 
modation, and  moft  |;enteel  treatments 
I  would  put  them  in  a  certain  me- 
thod to  perform  thefe  offers  in  tbe 
moft  agreeable  maimer  for  their  guefts, 

and 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3« 


An   UsBruL  Sciifi^MB 


and  moil  ureful  to  themielves.  F«r 
which  purpofe  I  propofe  they  ihould 
retam  no  bcggarsy  but  provide  fuffi- 
ciently  for  their  fervantty  without  al- 
lewing  them  to  accept  any  perqui- 
sites at  all.  Which  would  difl!ingui(h 
the  moft  genteel  treatment  by  obvia- 
ting what  is  moft  ungenteel.  Now  the 
queftion  arifes^  How  muft  the  defired 
reformation  be  accomplifhed  confiftent 
with  reciprocal  advantage  ?  I  anTwer, 
That  allowing  the  eftablilhed  cuftom 
of  fome  acluiowledgment  for  atten^ 
dance  at  inns,  let  the  landlords  pay 
their  fervants  fufficient  wages,  and  at 
the  bottom  of  the  bill,  write  atten- 
dance^ leaving  a  blank  for  the  perfon 
to  eive  what  he  plealiBSi  for  every  tra- 
V^elier  would  prefer  the  method  of  ha- 
ving only  one  perfon  to  pay.  The 
landlord  fupplies  you  with  proyjfionsy 
which  are  not  chargeable  till  delivered, 
and  whether  himfelf,  his  wife,  his  chil- 
dren, or  fervantf,  bring  it  in,  is  im- 
material to  you,  if  you  are  to  pay  for 
attendance :  you  will  find  it  much 
cafier  to  make  the  landlord  an  allow- 
ance  for  that  purpofe,  than  to  cram 
the  hungry  jaws  of  his  gaping  cormo- 
rants, VI ho  are  fo  irregularly  fed.  A 
temperate  man,  an  invalid,  a  lady^ 
who  perhaps  caimot  difpenfe  with  li- 
quors fufficient  to  pay  the  houfe  for 
trouble,  ^^re  therefore  prompted  to 
give  e;ctraordinary  to  the  iervantSj 
whereby  the  mafter  is  a  lofer  i  And  if 
you  leave  fomething  for  the  fervants  in 
general,  you  will  probably  after  that 
have  the  trouble  to  acquamt  them  all 
of  it.,  and  (b  pleafe  none.  A  man  at 
5 1,  a  woman  at  3!.  aboy  at40S.  and 
a  girl  at  30 J.  piraufium,  which  inclu- 
ding oilier,  chambermaid,  booicatcher, 
^nd  waiter,  at  a  final]  inn,  amounts 
to  14}.  or  16 1.  per  annum.  But  in 
coQfideratioo  of  their  attendance,  late 
and  early,  they  perhaps  merit  double 
wages,  which  will  be  about  30 1.  Now 
let  us  fee  how  the  landlord  may  fup- 
po^  this  additional  expence,  fuppofmg 
he  was  not  ufed  before  to  give  any 
warn  at  all.  For  baiting,  as  it  it 
called,  which  is  to  flop  m  the  day 
time,  and  away  again,  I  think  no 
attendance  fhould  be  mentioned.  As 
I  believe  we  have  need  only  to  bring 
into  account,  thofe  who  iiay  all  night, 
at  the  low  computation  of  is.  eac^,i 
which  at  leaft  they  have  been  ufed  to 
give.    A  fmall  inn«   that  lodges  but 


'Jan. 

foarteen  in  a  week',  will  thereby  pro- 
duce 36 1.  8  s.  probably  more,  bfcaofe 
no  traveller  will  be  deemed  at  fuch 
who  offers  lefs,  and  to  (how  that,  the 
landlord  may  return  it  at  not  worth 
hit  accepunce,  which  will  iofallibl/ 
anfwer  the  purpofe.  Where  tbei« 
are  more  attendants,  more  lodgert  n% 
doubt,  confequently  more  perquifitea* 
Which  by  thus  fecuring  and  keeping 
an  account  of  the  produce,  will  ena- 
ble the  landlord  to  know  nearly,  what 
waget  he  can  afford  hit  fervants,  whm 
tnviSt  do  very  well,  if  they  get  double 
what  they  would  be  allowed  in  pri* 
vate  families.  Their  money  would 
come  in  at  fhited  timet  to  do  them 
good,  they  would  go  on  regularly  with 
their  bufinefs,  with  left  tipling  and 
gaming  amongfl  them.  Many  land- 
lords might,  by  thele  means,  put  fome 
hundreds  a  year  in  their  pockets,  and 
keep  houfet  like  gentlemen.  There 
being  inns,  who,  for  half  the  year, 
lodge  every  night  from  twenty  to  thir- 
ty, forty,  and  fifty  people.  Such  a 
houfe  would  be  called  the  Gentlemau^t 
Inn,  and  with  propriety  be  fo  diftin- 
guifhed.  I  fubmit  thefe  at  the  out- 
ijnes  ofa  method,  which  I  fhould  be 
glad  to  fee  improved.  If  a  traveller 
hat  the  humour  further  than  this,  ta 
diftinguifh  any  particular  fervant,  let 
it  be  accepted  hy  the  landlord,  only  01^ 
the  terras  of  being  fpent  in  the  houfe^ 
in  fuch  liquor  at  that  fervant  may 
cfanfe,  at  hit  Or  her  leifore.  Penilltiet 
on  begging,  or  accepthig  perquifitet, 
to  be  infilled  at  the  difcretion  of  the 
landlord. 

The  only  obje^ion  to  this  method  it, 
I  can  foreiee,  that  you  will  fay  per- 
haps, we  hereby  lay  a  fciindation  for 
an  additional  charge  at  our  inns  s 
The  charge  I  look  upon  at  already  ef- 
ublifhed  on  difagreeable  terms ;  but  a 
peremptory  charge,    can  never   take 

glace,    if  we  make  it  a  rule,    uppn 
nding  attendance  actually  charged,  to 
give  nothing  at  all. 

I  fee  no  reafon  why  the  habits  of  fer- 
vants at  inns  fhould  not  be  oniform , 
as  well  at  at  gentlemens  houfet ;  they 
would  make  a  better  apperance,  and 
that  afllair  is  eafily  ordered,by  an  agree- 
ment at  hiring  to  allow  them  doatht . 
of  a  certain  value,  after  they  have 
been  a  fUted  time. 

R,W. 


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1768. 


Manufacturers  Addresses. 


39 


r#  tift  AUTHOR  9f  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
$11, 

I  Am  defiront  to  know,  if  any  of 
foor  readers  can«  from  experience, 
ml&Dg  or  reafoning,  give  any  account, 
if\xj&  eyes  on  going  to  deep,  re- 
?dlfe  upwards,  which  I  have  good 
mfbn  to  bdieve  is  the  cafe  ^th  all 
ammalsy  though  I  do  not  remember 
seediie  with  any  account  thereof. 
I  am  your  conftant  reader, 

R.  W. 

[In  your  Magazine  for  November^ 

the  recipe  for  a  cancer  is  put  in  wrong 

chanders,  viz.  j  dram,  which  ihouid 

kf  e  been  J  ounce,  a  wide  difference  1 

W.  W. 

TH  E  foUawing  addrefs  of  the  ma- 
nufa^hirers  and  traders  of  the  ci« 
tics  of  London  and  Wcftminfter, .  a< 
slfo  thtfe  of  Spital  fields  and  parts  ad- 
jtcent,  has  been  prefented  to  his  ma- 
jcAy:  Which  addrefs  his  majefty  was 
pleafed  to  receive  very  gracioufly. 
To  the  king's  moft  excellent  majefty. 
May  it  pleafe  your  majefty, 

W£  your  roajefty*s  rooft  dutiful 
ud  loyal  fubjeds,  manufadtarers  and 
tnders  of  your  cities  of  London  and 
Wcftminfter,  as  alfo  thofe  of  Sintal- 
£ddt  and  parts  adjacent;  humbly  of- 
fer our  moft  grateful  thanks,  for  the 
hteinftance  of  your  majefty *s  paternal 
tendemeft  and  compaffionate  regard, 
cxprefied  in  your  royal  declaration, 
that  all  future  court  mournings  (hail 
k  flwrtened.     (See  p.  651.) 

We  have  the  deeper  fenfe  of  this 
nark  of  your  majefty  ^s  gracious  condef- 
cenfioD,  as  it  waa  unfolicited  \  a  refo- 
{ution  which  at  once  promotea  trade, 
iavi^rates  induftry,  and  can  never  be 
^gotten  in  the  annals  of  your  majef- 
ty'f  reign. 

The  example  fo  replete  with  love  to 
]^or  fubjeds  in  general,  and  com- 
psflion  to  the  poor  raanufadlurers  in 
particular,,  infpires  us  with  the  wann- 
cft  and  moft  refpcAful  gratitude :  and 
^Q  ever  engage  our  prayers  to  Di- 
vine Providence,  that  your  majefty 
nay  long  continue  to  reign  in  the 
tiearts  of  your  grateful  people;  to 
^  the  bfeffings  of  domeftic  felicity 
vitb  your  illuftrious  ccnfort,  and 
royal  i£be  \  and  to  experience  the 
Mppy  rewards  your  majefty's  diftin- 


guifhed  virtues  fo  eminently  merit. 

[Signed  by  the  Lord  Mayor;  Sir 
Robert  Ladbrokc,  Sir  Richard  Glyn, 
and  a  confiderable  number  of  the  ma- 
nufa6lurers  and  traders  of  the  cities  of 
London  and  Wcftminfter.] 

The  following  addrefs  of  the  bay- 
liffs,  wardens,  aftlftants,  and  commo- 
nalty of  the  trade,  art,  and  myfterf 
of  weavers,  London,  hAs  been  prefent- 
ed to  his  majefty  \  which  addre(s  hit 
majefty  was  pleafed    to  receive  very 


To  the  king's  moft  excellent  majefty. 
Moft  gracious  fovereign, 

W  B  your  majefty^s  moft  dutiful  and 
loyal  fhbjedts  the  bayliffs,  wardens 
aififtants,  and  commonalty  of  the  tradcj 
art,  and  myftery  of  weavers,  London, 
in  behalf  of  ourfelves,  and  the  filk 
manufa&urert  in  and  about  Spital- 
fields, 

Moft  humbly  beg  leave  to  embrace 
the  firft  opportunitv,  as  in  duty  bound, 
to  return  our  moft  grateful  thanks  to 
your  majefty,  for  your  majeft^r's  \ztt 
Hioft  gracious  declaration,  that  m  com- 
paftion  to  the  number  of  manufa6iur- 
ers  and  traders,  who  have  been  great 
fufFerers  by  the  length  of  court  mourn- 
ings, your  majefty  hath  been  pleafed 
to  give  directions  for  fhortenlng  them 
in  future.  Such  tender  feelings  for 
the  fobje^t  of  a  ftate  could  only  in- 
fpire  the  royal  breaft  of  a  prince. 
whofe  virtues  loudly  proclaim  the  good 
of  his  people  to  be  the  firft  object  of 
his  thoughts,  and  the  ultimate  end  of 
all  his  adtions. 

We  beg  leave  moft  humWy  to  af- 
forc  your  majefty,  that  this  your  ma- 
jefty's  benevolent  refolution  will  great- 
ly promote  the  filk  manufaftures  of 
this  kingdom,  give  great  fpirit  to  the 
trade,  tend  to  the  improvn^ment  of  it, 
in  many  branches,  and  be  the  means 
of  giving  conftant  employment  to  our 
workmen  $  many  of  whom,  owing  to 
the  late  mournings,  have'been  out  of 
employ,  and  in  want  of  bread. 

At  the  fame  time  that  we  offer  up 
our  tribute  of  thanks  to  your  majefty, 
we  (hould  think  ourfelves  very  un- 
grateful to  your  majcfty^s  royal  con- 
&it,  if  we  did  not  humbly  expreff 
our  fenfe  of  the  great  obligations  we 
lie  under  to  her  majefty,  for  her  gene- 
rous patronage  and  encouragement  of 
our  (ilk  manufacture;  and  we  are 
bound  to  make    the  lame    ackaow- 

IcdgUKiit 


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Oftbi  douhU  Horns  rfihe  KWmoctwC 


40 

ledgment  to  the  reft  of  the  royal  familyv 
for  the  diftinguifhed  preference  they 
give  to  the  wrought  ftlks  of  this  king- 
dom. 

That  your  majefty'«  reign  may  be 
tiappy»  long»  and  glorious,  will  be  the 
conftant  prayer  of  us,  your  majcfty's 
moft  faithful  fubjefts. 
Weavers-Hall,       p-    xiAam*   rii-Hr 
4th  Jan.  1768.       Eb.  Bnggs,  Clerk. 

A  Letter  from  James  Parfons,   M.  D. 

f*.  R.  S.  td  the  Right  Honourable  the 

Earl  of  Morton,    Pr^ftdint   of  the 

Rojal  Society  \  on  the  double  Horns  rf 

the  Rhinoceros. 
[Read  before  the  R.  8.  Feb.  17, 17^6.] 

My  Lord, 
\\7  H  E  N  I  had  the  honour  of  lay- 
▼  V  ing  ray  natural  hiftory  of  the 
Rhinoceros  before  this  learned  focieiy 
in  17439  which  is  printed  in  number 
470,  page  513,  of  the  Traniadions,  I 
had  not  an  opportunity  of  (hewing  a 
double  horn  to  the  members  i  I  have, 
therefore,  taken  this  firft  occaTion  to 
entertain  the  prefeat  members  with  a 
iight  of  a  noble  (pecimen  of  the  horns 
ot  an  African  Rhinoceros,  brought 
from  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  by  my 
curious  and  worthy  friend  William 
Maguire,  Efq;  among  many  other  cu- 
riohties  ;  prcfuming  that  few  of  the 
fociety  have  ever  fecn  a  pair  of  the  like 
land.  But  what  renders  this  lubjedl 
the  more  particular,  and  worthy  of  ob- 
fervation,  is  that,  by  means  of  know- 
ing there  is  a  fpecies  of  this  animal, 
having  always  a  double  horn  upon  the 
nofe,  in  Africa,  MartiaPs  reading  is 
fupported  againft  the  criticiftu  of  Bo-* 
chart,  who  changed  the  true  text  of 
that  poet,  in  an  epigram  upon  the 
ftrength  of  this  animal ;  for  when 
Domitian  ordered  an  exhibition  of 
wild  beads,  as  it  was  the  cuftom  of 
fcvcral  emperors,  the  poet  fays : 
The  Rhinoceros  toffed  up  a  heavy 
bear  with  his  double  horn  : 
Namque  gravem  gemino  cornu  fie  extuUi 

urfum» 
and  as  Bochart   knew  nothing  of  a 
double  horn,  he  changed  this  line  both 
in  reading  aivi  fenfe,  thus  : 
Namque  gravi  geminum  cornu  fie  extuUt 

eurum. 
as  if  two  wild  bulls  were  toiled  up  in- 
to the  air,    by  the  itrong  horn  oi  the 
Rhinoceros. 

Mi.  Muituire  adopted  the  notioA 


]txu 

of  ft  fingle  horn,  bftt  was  of  oplnkm 
that  the  geminum  enrum  of  Bochart 
ought  to  have  been  plural,  geminos  #«. 
rw,  as  being  more  elegant  j  and  he 
was  followed  by  Doaors  Mead  and 
Douglas,  with  this  difference,  that 
Jhefe  changed  the  euros  for  arfls,  at 
imagrining  they  were  rather  bears  than 
bulls,  that  were  thrown  up  by  thii 
Aoble  animal. 

Our  then  worthy  prefident  Martin 
Folkes,  Efq;  had  feen  my  account  of 
this  fubjea,  at  the  end  of  which,  I 
endeavourtd,  however  prefumptooufly, 
to  defend  Martial's  reading  againft 
Bochart  and  the  other  eminent  per- 
Tons  mentioned ;  and  defired  I  would 
let  it  be  read  and  printed,  which  I 
very  readily  agreed  to,  as  his  requeft 
did  me  much  honour.  t 

Before  my  paper  was  printed^  Mr* 
Maituire  and  Do6tor  Douglas  died  1 
and  the  learned  Do6tor  Mead  was  the 
furviving  critic,  upon  thie  line,  of 
the  three.  Upon  this  occafion,  there- 
fore, I  have  a  double  pleafure  j  firft  in 
amufmg  the  prefent  gentlemen  with  a 
moft  ctu-ious  fpecimen  in  natural  htf- 
tory  i  and,  fecendly,  in  remembring, 
in  this  place,  the  nice  candor  and 
cenerofity  of  Do^or  Mead  upon  that 
lubjeft.  For,  about  four  months  af- 
ter the  paper  was  printed,  he  received 
a  prefent  of  feveral  curious  fhelltt 
feeds,  £cc,  and  with  them  the  bones 
•f  the  face  of  a  youne  Rhinoceros^ 
with  two  horns  if^tu,  all  inttre,  by  a 
captain,  of  an  African  trader,  who 
brought  them  from  Angoki. 

As  foon  as  he  faw  the  horns,  he 
fent  to  invite  me  to  breakfaft,  and 
there,  in  company,  ingenuouily  gave 
up  his  paft  opinion,  and  declared  for 
Martial  ;  and,  indeed,  I  muft  add 
to  the  praife  of  that  great  man,  that, 
as  I  was  happy  in  being  frequiently  at 
his  houife,  I  was  witnefs  to  many  luch 
inftances  of  the  moft  difinterefted  can- 
dor and  generofity,  where  any  part  of 
fcience  was  the.topic,  among  bis  feteft 
friends. 

This  anecdote  I  thought  proper  to 
mention  upon  the  prefent  occafion  | 
nor  can  too  much  be  faid  to  his  ho- 
nour, among  all  lovers  of  philoiophi* 
cal  learning.     I  am, 

Your  lord  (hip's 

moft  obedient  fervant, 

James  Parsons. 

P.  S.    The    figure  of    the  double 

honi 


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^^M.^M's:.. 


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iy€8.  jSnecdotes  of  Luca  Jcfdanb. 

^som  of  tfae  l^fntiocerol  liere  defcribed 
n  fecn  m  thfc  PlaTI.  The  dinwnfions 
»fe  fts  fDllo<ir»,  vii.  The  length  of 
the  anterkH'  horn,  me^furing  with  a 
IriBg  along  the  convex  fore  psrrt,  is 
xo  inches 5  perpendicular  height  iSj 
circutBference  ii  ^  at  the  bale;  the 
poderidf  horii  rt  ill  p<;rpcndicubr 
Bei^ht  19  f ;  circumference  round  the 
fcile  18  t  length  of  both  bafes  together 
upon  the  nxfM  bo^es  14 ;  and  the 
w-igbt  of  btjffi  together  is  14  pounds 
10  ounces. 

The  RhlHocerfl*  of  the  year  1737', 
defcribed  in  the  Tranfaaions,  waj 
Uircc  ycai^  Old  5  and  the  horn  not 
three  inches  fiieh  5  and  hence  by  com- 
paricg  thar'wiSi  tht»,  one  may  iraa- 

r;ne  thii  to  b*  many  years  old,   pcr- 
ips  above  twenty  5  and  that  tKs  ani- 
mal lives  to  ii  great  age. 

It  is  alfo  plaits  fh^t  the  horns  are 
perpctoid  fts  are  thofe  of  oxen. 


4t 


iMicdm^t  tf  Luca*  JOrdano,    an  eminent 
Pahtftr,    ' 

LUCA  Jordan©  was  bom  in  Na- 
ples in  the  year  161a,  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Jofeph  Ribera, 
caJIed  Spagnoletto  §  a  native  of  Va- 
lencia in  Spain,  and  difcipte  of  Cara- 
t^io  J  wbofe  works  attra^ed  Luca  fo 
powerfully,  that  he  left  his  childifli 
imofements  for  the  pleafure  he  found 
in  looking  on  them.    Luca*s  father  (a 


ing  ealTncfs,  and  wss  the  firf^  rife  to 
the  elevation  of  his  thonr:hfs :  but 
being  rieilroiis  of  gaining  i  highcf  de- 
gree of  perfcilion,  Lnca  and  his  fa- 
ther fct  out  for  Florfnce,  ancf  therte 
copied  tiie  works  of  Leo  da  Vine?, 
Michael  An;;?!'),  and  Andrew  del 
Sarto.  ThjTi  he  returned  to  Romr, 
whence  nffer  a  fliort  (l-»y  he  went 
back  to  N^',^!"'!,  and  th-rc  married, 
Lnca  quivfed  his.  inafti^'s  manner,  and 
^y  having  a  hap-^y  mfmory  he  rccol- 
leflcd  the  manners  of  all  the  g.re^t 
m^iflers,  which  occalioned  Bdlori  to 
vvrii?  <*  th:;t  he  w.is  iihe  the  inge- 
nious bee,  that  had  extrafted  hii 
honey  from  the  fi  )  vjrs  of  the  works 
of  the  bert  artift?,  and  had  the  art 
of  imitating  them  fo  well  a?  to  occa- 
fion  frequent  mill  ike<;.*'  Some  of  his 
pi6tures  getting  into  Spain,  pleafcd 
Charles  II  (o  tlyit  he  engaged  him  to 
come  to  his  court  in  1692,  ro  p-iint 
the  Efcurial,  (l^is  palace).  The  kin^ 
and  queen  often  went  tq  fee  him  work, 
and  commanded  him  to  be  covered  in 
their  prefence.  In  the  fpace  of  tw6 
years  he  finiihed  the  ten  arched  roofi 
and  the  ftair-cafe  of  the  Efcurial. 
He  was  fo  engaged  to  his  bufinefs^ 
that  he  did  not  reft  from  it  on  holi- 
days ;  for  which  a  painter  of  his  ac- 
quaintance upbraided  him  :  to  whom 
he  plealkntly  anfwered,  "  If  t  was 
to   let  my  pencils   reft,   they  would 


io£  painter)  finding  in  his  ion    grow  rebellious  j   and  1  ihould  not  bo. 
16  manikft  an  inclination  for  painting,     able  to  bring  them  to  order,  without 


^bced  blm  under  the  dire&ion^  of 
Kihera,  with  whom  he  nade  fo  great 
adrances,  that,  at  fcvcn  years  old, 
his  drawings  were  furprizing.  Hear- 
ing that  at  Venice  and  Rome  were 
many  excellent  models  for  paintings 
he  priTitely  left  Naples  and  went  to 
Rome;  and  from  Rome  he  and  hit 
father  went  together  to  Bologria, 
?anm,  and  Venice.  At  ercry  place 
Ltica  made  fketches  and  ftudies  frbm 
the  works  of  all  the  great  mailers, 
hot  particularly  Paul  Veroncfe,  al- 
ways propofing  him  for  a  model  to 
hixnfelf.  His  father  who  fold  his  de- 
figos  and  (ketches  at  a  great  price, 
kqyt  him  dole  to  his  work ;  and  that 
he  might  not  quit  it,  prepared  his 
<fiffner  for  hin  himfelf,  often  csilling 
on  hfxn  LMta  fa  prffiOf  or  difpatch  :  a 
name  which  he  always  retained.  Lu- 
<^  wa?  a  great  copyift  j  and  the  num.. 
berof  bilitadlcs  gave  tita  a  furprii- 
Jan.  1768. 


trampling  on  them/'  His  lively  hu- 
mour  and  fmart  repartees  amufed  the 
whole  court.  The  queen  of  Spain  one 
day  enquiring  after  his  family,  wanted 
to  know  what  fort  of  a  woman  lis 
wife  was  :  Luca  painted  hsr  on  the 
fpot,  in  a  pi6ture  he  was  at  work  on, 
and  ihewed  her  to  the  queen  5  vzbo 
was  the  more  furprized,  as  Ihe  had 
not  perceived  whnt  he  was  about ;  hvx 
was  fo  pleafed,  that  ihn  took  off  her 
pearl  necklace,  and  defired  him  to 
prefent  his  wife  with  it  in  her  name. 
The  king  being  defu ous  of  a  com- 
panion to  a  pj»5lL're  be  {hewed. 
him,  wijich  Was  paWjted  by  Burian, 
Luca  painted  one  for  h'm  fo  exactly 
in  his  manner,  th  .t  it  vvas  taken  for 
a  pi^ure  of  that  miUrr.  The  king, 
in  return,  knighted  nim,  gave  him 
fcveral  places,  iri^clc  one  of  his  fons  a 
captain  of  h'nfe,  rrd  nominated  ano- 
ther judcre  and  prcudcnt  of  the  v^ca* 
F  riate 


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4« 


Review  of  Book  I. 


riate  of  Naples.  Doe  of  the  king*t 
coaches  attended  him  every  eveninj^ 
to  ^rry  him  out;  and  further  (lili» 
the  king  married  his  daughters  to 
gentlemen  of  his  court,  beftowing  on 
them  good  places  for  portions.  After 
Charles  IVs  death  in  i70Q»  .King 
Philip  retained  him  in  his  (crvice  to 
go  on  with  thofe  great  works  he  had 
begun  i  and  his  ftay  being  fo  long  in 
6pain»  his  wife,  then  at  Naples,  on  a 
idlfe  report,  believed  him  dead  i  to 
undeceive  her,  he  painted  himfelf  on 
A  card,  and  fent  her  his  pifture  by  the 
poft.  Luca  was  the  innocent  caufe  of 
the  death  of  Carlo  Dolce.  This 
painter  ufed  to  finifh  his  works  with 
too  much  labour,  and  ^was  conftant 
in  working  to  a  great  age,  and  not  be- 
ing inriched,  died  with  chagrin,  on 
Luca's  reproaching  him  with  the  lofs 
of  Co  much  time.  When  Luca  re- 
turned to  Naples,  all  perfons  were 
eager  tp  haire  his  works.  The  jefuits, 
who  had  befpoke  a  pi6lure  of  St« 
Francis  Xavier,  complained  to  the  vice- 
roy that  he  would  not  fini(h  •  it, 
though  it  ought  to  be  placed  on  the 
altar  of  that  faint  on  his  feflival, 
which  was  juft  at  hand :  Luca»  find- 
ing himfelf  prefled  on  all  fides,  paint-, 
ed  this  piflure  in  a  day  and  a  half. 

gftentimes  he  painted  a  Virgin  hold- 
g  a  Jefusj    and,   without  any  reft 
in  an  hour^s  time,  would  finifli  a  half 


Jnxu 

length  s  and»  for  diTfNitchy  not  wmit- 
ing  for  the  cleaning  hit  pencils,  would 
lay  on  the  colours  with  hi»  finger* 
Nobody  ever  painted  fo  much  as  Luca, 
not  even  excepting  Tintoret,  Tw« 
Neapolitans  having  fat  for  their  pic* 
tares,  never  thought  of  fending  for 
them  when  they  were  finifhed  x  Jorda- 
no,  having  waited  a  great  while  with- 
out hearing  from  tl^m,  painted  an 
ox*s  head  on  one,  and  put  a  Jew^t 
cap  on  the  other,  and  pU^d  a  fuit  of 
cloaths  on  hit  arms,  and  expofed  th^m 
to  view  in  this  manners  on  the  newf 
of  which  they  haftened  away  with  mo^ 
ney  in  their  hands,  and  begged  hiaa 
to  efface  the  ridicule  that  was  annexed 
to  their  pi6lnres,  Luca  loved  his 
difciples,  touched  up  their  works 
with  great  readinefs,  and  gave  themi 
many  of  his  defigns  with  pleafure* 
His  gencrofity  was  great  t  He  made 
prefents  of  altar-pieces  to  churches 
that  were  not  in  a  fUte  to  purchafe 
them.  He  painted  the  cupola  of  Su 
Bridget,  for  his  reputation,  gratis  i 
and,  by  a  particular  d^terity,  that 
roof,  which  is  rather  flat,  feems 
very  much  elevated,  by  the  Hghtr 
nefs  of  the  clouds  which  terminate 
the  perfpcaivc.  Though  his  humour 
was  gay,  he  always  fpoke  well  pf  hi^ 
brother  painters  j  and  received  the 
hints  that  were  given  him  on  his  owA 
works  with  great  docility. 


Jft  IMPARTIAL  REVIEW  eTNEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


THE  WJfory  of  a  late  infamtui  ^dventufe 
hetVfUH  a  great  Man  and  a  fair  Citixem-^ 
Jn  a  Stria  9/  Ltitert  ffom  a  Lady  near  St, 
JuwitCi  to  htr  Friend  in  the  Coantry^it,  Biog- 

Every  fobjcA  which  engrodei  the  ttteation 
of  the  public,  it  a  delicioot  med  for  the 
hungry  font  of  Gnib<ftreet ;  and  ihit  lady  of 
quality  if  moft  probably  fome  needy  pe^  from 
that  celebrated  qutiter,  who  if  eogiged  to 
five  .a  Ute  remarkable  traoiadion  an  air  of 
coofequeoce.  The  imfofition  is  however 
too  glarlog,  aod,  we  dare  fay,  general  coo- 
icmpt  wiU  be  tlie  author *f  portion  where  he 
li  rti^,  ioftead  of  general  approbation. 

Mempirt  ofihtSerag/iooftbi  Ba/batv  oJMtr' 
riland.  By  «  dijcaried  Sukana,  pr.  if.  (d, 
fiUdoo. 

Another  flroke  of  bookfelling  on  the  fore* 
going  occaAon,  and  cxecatcd  with  an  equal 
(b»r9  of  abilities.  / 

Tki  Rap<  a  Poem,  humily  infer ibtd  to  tbi  Lading 
fi<^ii,  Srcarc    Th«  acUctf y  qf  iAUriling  a 


poem  on  fuch  a  fubjed  to  the  ladies  can  l»« 
only  equaled  by  theezeCut  on  of  it.  It  it  vi« 
fibly  dilated  by  the  fame  fplrtt  whichi 
breathes  io  the  two  preceding  articles,  and  «■ 
a  fpocimen  of  our  author's  abilities,  the  fol- 
lowing lines  are  feleded  for  the  coofideratia^ 
of  oof  readers. 

Coo*d  he  uomoiM  bthold  a  maid  in  tears» 
With  ffUfi  wordfl  aJfkuU  his  callow  oait. 
Cation  tbi  keuvnt,    tor  ^enitp  and  bm 

friends^ 
To  change  hit  p^rpofe  and  defeat  hit  endi  ^ 
Jntreat,  impkre^  hig^  fnfflieait^  and  fray 
Or  mrrtaoes  with  trembltug  tongue  convey  | 
Wring  her  fair  handf,  and  tear  her  lofcty 

hair 
And  beat  her  breaft  witbfonew  and  defpair  f 
f  Could  he  fee  this,  and  not  eoiiipa€ioo  ftow 
Did  00  fott  feetingi  in  bit  bofon  glow  f 
jiman  of  honour  xuonld  baonftk  mtrtjoy^ 
To  recompence  fuch  virtue  than  deAruy. 
And  for  her  cbaiHty  admir'd  ber,iiiore« 
1  haa  tha  atiralUi»as  he  admir*4  before. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^. 


AnAff^for  Lcri 
tht  Trmm,  pr.  6d.  Fkattey 

A  de^'*cable  ntcbpcooy,  like  the  other 
iiaaCej  pfotoAiont  reiative  to  the  oNKhid  of 
the  jiohJeiBaa  allmled  to  in  the  title  page. 

Mak^nmy  Fableti  with  tbtncw  FabU  of  the 
Bits,  Im  Mv  Camtos:  Addreffedtn  the  Suiety,  Bjf 
C06DO9  M/Ua>*itUfiick  Proffjhr  and  F.  M.  8. 
Almoo,  pr.  zi.  6d. 

TKcie  fables  are  written  chiefly  in  «  very 
Irre^Ur  meafure,  and  are  allb  of  a  political 
tcodeacy — The  author  is  a  man  of  fenfe^ 
hot  the  wbimfical  nature  of  his  veifificationi 
readcnog  his  nombcrs  frequently  ezrremely 
vncoath,  there  is  no  poffibility  of  deciding 
vitli  ceruintT  on  his  poetical  abtlitiet-^For 
the  readers  iatisfa^on  however  we  have  fe- 
k€^ed  the  following  tale,  which  it  as  little 
dittointed  in  the  verfe  aa  any  tn  the  per' 
lorinance. 

A    TALE. 

How  teany  ytars  it  was  ago» 
'    To  alcertain  I  don*C  engage  ; 

-  Kbria  what  reign,  I  only  know^ 

-  It  happened  in  dbe  golden  age. 
Upon  the  receld  thus  it  ftands. 
Two  worthy  miniflert  combin*d  j 

'   Tb  pity  into  each  others  hands, 
To  cheat  and  poaalc  all  mankind  | 
The  fiilp  people  were  cajofd  ) 
And  ^  |hdr  tricks  went  gliUy  down  } 
At  lei^igrtimic  of  them  grew  fo  bold. 
Re  laid  kit  hands  upon  the  crown  | 
And  with  more  bravery  than  labonr, 

*  Handed  it  to  his  crafty  neighboor  $ 

'  Wkea  yon  fay  crown  you  often  meaa^ 

-  The  owner  friiether  king  or  qoeen  { 
In  fbck  a  cafe  you  may  believe. 

The  prieft  woo  Id  pray,  the  lay  man  fwear, 
A  few  woo*d  hugh,  and  fome  woa*«  grieve. 
And  many  want  to  bang  this  pair  ;— 
I  have  htm  no^  by  heav*n»  fiiyt  John  1 
1  fteaU  cries  Will,  a  likely  thing  ! 

•  Stolen  or  llray*dy  however  gone, 

Jt  wae  not  me  that  ftole  yoor  king. 
Thus  oPd  to  poasle  and  confound  them, 
Thia  nation's  fury  fooB  waspaflTdi 
The  people  left  them  aa  theyloond  them, 
Forc'd  to  appeal  to  heaven  at  laft  \ 
Foftone  was  feldom  known  fo  croif. 
Few  diCippointments  are  compleater, 
To  leic  their  king  wu  a  great  lofs. 
Not  to  recover  him  a  greater. 
neMricalBmtertaiummtM  C9nfjft€9i  wtbS§a'eif, 
UtrmUt^  amd  Re/tpea^in  a  Letttr/o  the  Amtb^t 
ff  th*  ^sget  tb*  tigb  Road  to  Bell,  fifmiag^ 
lb»  mfriar's  Arfrummtt  t$  h§  falUciontg    bit 
Frmeipia  mtbafitfitt,  tmd^t  Autboritni  (par' 
atmlarlfjrom  tbe  Amtimtt)  mffmfirmStd  mnd 
ftrmtruJ,  wtb  m  CmttHtT'Dtdiifiiioa  u  tbt  A<v« 
ll>.  IfUdaa.  Baker. 

Thia  little  ^eco  is  dedicated  to  Mrg  Oar- 
tick  and  Mr.  Cotman,  and  has  hot  one 
principal  fault,  which  is,  its  being  wholly 
«oo9cfiiry.-— The  cnthnfiaft  .  whom  the 
»tthot  takm  the  tronble  to  ahfwcr,  hai  l»Bg 


KlAKAftONYFABLKS. 

toilb^ttAddrtfih 


43 


been  totally  forgotten,  and  was  he  evea  re- 
membered, his  arguments  could  excite  nothing 
hot  the^oiverfa)  ridicule  of  the  public. 

Tbi  Contraft,  or  tb*  djiui  Pr»jUgatt,  a\j  tbt 
dying  CbriJIian,  in  two  Poetical  Ejfayt,  by  Da- 
niel Turner,  Rnbinfon  pr.  6d. 

Thefe  little  pieces  feom  to  be  the  effufion 
of  a  good  heart,  and  a  found  underftinding, 
but  the  author  cannot  be  reckoned  a  poet  of 
Ibft  rate  abilitiet.— Mis  verfiflc^tion  however 
b  frequently  pretty,  though  it  is  not  nervous, 
and  as  to  the  tendency  of  his  work  he  has 
fofficiently  declared  it  in  his  title  page. 

Tb*  Birtb  of  tb*  Jffiits  a  Po*m,  nv  tbm 
Books,  by  George  Marriott,  at.  6d,  Flexney. 
^  Mr.  Maniott,  though  he  is  far  from  dcA 
ptcable  as  a  poet,  in  this  work  leems  chiefly 
defirous  of  recommending  himfelf  as  a  pro- 
teftant  to  bis  orthodox  readen.— The  wfaolg 
force  of  his  mufe  is  bent  againfl  the  church 
of  Rome,  whofe  periiscntions  he  exdaima 
againft  with  an  honefl  indignation,  and  wt 
fliould  not  be  forprised,  if  fome  zealous  advo* 
cate  for  the  papal  fee  was  to  give  a  flaming 
anfwer  to  his  performance.  But  thongh  w« 
think  Mr.  Marriott  is  not  by  any  means  the 
snoft-  indifftrent  writer  of  his  time,  yet  if  we 
were  inclined  to  criticife,  we  could  point  out 
leveral  inflances  where  he  hat  been  extrtmaly 
negligent  in  his  numbers,  and  where  an  ill* 
natuf^  critic  would  be  apt  to  treat  him  witk 
feverity,  for  example 

**  I  fee  the  godhead,  in  his  eflence  one, 

**  For  idols  chaJig*d,  and  driveo  ftom  hit 
throne** 

The  flrft  of  thde  lines  thoogh  clear  enough 
in  its  religious  fenfe,  borders  nevenhelefs  up- 
on a  blunder  ^  its  grammatical  acceptation  1 
'and  as  for  the  lafl,  it  is-deficient  a  foot  in  the 
meafore,  unlefs  we  read  cbanged  as  a  word 
of  two  fyllablM,  which  inftead  of  cacreafiog 
Its  harmony  will  materially  add  to  its  diflii* 
nancc^The  following  Hoes  are  abfolutely 
profe  notwithftanding  their  metrical  termi- 
nation. 
-    Who  think  it  ferves  no  great  important  end 

The  proteftant  religion  to  defend, 
and  thefe  befldcs  ronnmg  into  a  pleonasm  con- 
tain aa  milerable  an  anti>  climax  as  ever  dif« 
graced  the  alphabet, 

What  countriea  wafted !  wealthy  towns  un- 
done! 

Empires  betray*d,  and  lofty  towers  •*er« 
thrown! 
To  fpeak  of  a  wealthy  town  being  undent 
after  a  whole  countrv  has  been  wafted,  la 
more  cakolated  to  rai(e  the  laughter  than  the 
pity  of  a  fenfiUe  reader )  and  to  mention  the 
f aH  of  a  lofty  tower  u  a  misfortune  after  an 
empire  has  been  betrayed,  argues  an  authtr 
to  be  liule  conveiiant  with,  or  little  attentive 
to  the  fundamental  principles  of  ppetry. 

ftbot^bth  BJptyt^  *md  Maximt,  cbiijiy  JU» 
SgioMt  Mad  PoHticsl.  By  Charlea  Howard,  Efji 
$J  Qreyflock  in  Comberbnd. 

The  author  tf  the  littU  woik  before  us  la, 
1  %  «• 


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44 


-E  T  y  M.O^    P  F* 


JWf 


He  h^litfff  beir  ptl^fappUve  to  hia.  |racf 

the  djuke  of  Norfolk,  and  ic  is  with  pleafure 
%e  lee  gentleuiea  gf  (udi  expedaiions  nun^- 
fyfnng  a  parcUIicy  fcr  fci/cqce,  and  (hcwiu^ 
chemidvec  proud  of  obtaining  a  liurary  ch»- 
racler  from  thc'r  countrymen, — As  to  the 
i^fie  of  Mr.  Howard's  pieces^  though  ic  ia 
not  fufficicnt  to  rank  h.m  wiih  the  moll 
^mlaenc  eirnyiils  in  our  language,  it  it 
^wevejr  fufficient  to  prevent  bim  froot  bc« 
i.iij  i.MimUred  wiilj  the  moll  indiffcrenr,  at  4 
iiiou^i  hii  rcatim^nis  arc  not  in  many  placet 
ne.v/ic  i&buc  juilice  to  acknowledge,  that 
\^  lyipft  thcj  arc  pretty  fcnhbk;.  At  a  Tpcci- 
of  his  manner  we  hare  fcle^^  the  toUoM'JDf 
^oiAxims  for  the  efltcruinment  ot  our  reAderi  i 
|iot  becaufe  we  think  them  hi  b^ft'io  bi| 
production,  buibecaufe  their  ihortnels  render| 
them  more  pioper  for  tht  nature  of  our  pub- 
(icatloQ. 

.,  MAXJMt.  A  good  preacher  or  orator,  if 
\ifi  has  good  fenfe  and  judfment  (and  wi.hoot 
ibeie  cffcntial  requiiiteaic  is  almuft  impoffibic 
|o  be  one)  will  a4>pt  bU  ferraon  and  dilGourff 
to  the  undcr^andiiig9  and  Gtuation  of  bii  au- 
iiiiencc ;  otherwiie  he  yvill  do  very  Utile  iisrvice 
aod  convey  little  (aii^fadlion,  but  on  thf 
contrary  only  ezpofe  his  own  vinity* 
.  A  Ihao  by  converfatioo  wiil  rarely  convince 
another  up^n  any  point,  of  which  be  is  not 
jcpnvlnced  bifnfplf :  From  the  heart  not  the 
tongue  proceeds  convi^ion. 

U  it  bctur  to  read  the  good  fenfe  of  a  ju* 
^icipus  author,  than  to  preach  one's  o^vn  non- 

fenfe  though  never  fo  well  intended;  but 
(there  are  men  who  do  tht  latter,  when -va- 
jftky  and  ignorance  are  united,  which  i^ 
£|fuu  the  caftb 

Criiiml  Pij/€rt0tia$$  en  jkf  Or/gin,  Ann- 

qu.incif  Languagf,  Qovtrinmtf**  Manntrt, 
j^nd  Htltgior,  »/*  tfu  OMttfnt  C^lcdooian^ 
\akiii:  J*£jicruy  the  Pi^  .ami  the  Britif^ 
.^4  iriih  Scots.  By  John  Macpherfon.  D,  Vi^ 
.  Mi^ifier  #/  Slaic  in  fie  Ifte  of  Sky,    Bcckct 

Th:8  is  a  work  of  great  merit,    and  wil^ 
{^e  dare  fay,   ha«o  ap-  iiom^diete  admittance 

to  the  liburifs  of  tlite^urious— — ^In  the  "be- 
.giftiHAg  of  it  tiie  auti^or  e^deavoufs  lorcfut^ 
Jl'popuiar  ertor,  wjiicb  has  been  fu  long  f/la- 

bh/hed,  rdanve  to  the  Scors  being  defcended 
ir^n»xhe  Irilba  and  v^itbiok  bis  endeavpur 

is  nor  ahog^  ther  unfuccefiful  ;  but  as  fome 
J^ecintto  of  his  abilities, Olay. be 'nccefiaiyi we 

here  give  an  cx:ra^  from  what  he  fays  upon 
!4hi?s^fubj«A  for  (bf  tfaicruiniBent  of  ^Vt 
jeadtrt. 

<f  Antiquaries  are  much  divided  about  the 

etymology-wof  Caledania«  Buchanan,  thougb 
A  native  of  the  HigbUodi^  and  of  courfe  con- 

lerfant  with  the. Galtf  languege,  is  not  bappy 

in  his  conjcf\itfc»  oa  tbat  fubjc^.    Ca^dm 

iccording  ty  him>  6gni/ic^  a  ha«f  I  uce,  froip 
.tbence  ptoceeds  rtie  ^mov^CalcdpoUa  fore(^» 
,9^  the  name  of  Cal^^nia^    lt.it  amazing 

\f  obfcrve,  how  a  mafi  of  iu«  kAim9§  aad 


peatabiliilM  co«ld.(ife  ioWuch  af«ciil« 
conceit.  But  had  Bach^an  considered  pr»r 
periy.  his  native  tongue,  be  w^uld  have  f9iio4 
that  caultin  and  not  caldea  fignifiei  a  baa^ 
tree  ;  and  that  there  is  00  lucb  a  word  af 
i^im  to  be  tnet  with  in  the  Cflic  Ungoago 

Dr.  Lloyd,  bifbop  of  Sc.  Afapb,  derive* 
Caledonia  from  Mydien  a  Drlri/h  word  ijgmii 
ty'ng  horJertn,  The  CakdenUns,  fays  tbaC 
learned  prelate,  >ordercd  ^.h  the  lloro^a  pro- 
vince of  Brii^tJ,  a  4  il*..<.fore  were  witiv 
great  propriety  c^I.d  i;.  -i  m,  T^je  bi(hofa 
did  nor  con^der  that  tlie  Icundaties  of  the 
province  were  o:ien  changed  l'  '  e  fu^oiq 
the  wall  coDiUu£^ed  by  Adrian  n^aike^l  oat 
the  limits  of  the  R.man  empire  iu  Britain^ 
tbfn  the  Bii^antei,  Otudini,  and  Maeajx, 
had  a  m  iCh  better  title  to  the  name  of  icr* 
derirs  than  the  Caledonians.  U  the  W44 
buift  by  Aoto^iinuf  t'lus  is  to  t>e  looked  upuf 
as  the  bouadary  ot  the  province,  then  it  na- 
turally ihoald  follow,  that  the  Caledonsant 
did  oot  require  the  name  of  iljdUm  or  ^orw 
dirersf  till,  after  the  conftrudton  of  that  wall* 
But  the  palFage  mentioned  from  Lucao  proTety 
that  the  name  of  Cale^loniaot  made  lome 
noife  in  the  world  as  early  at  tb^  reign  of 
Nero.  Thus  the  bifbop *t  ety^noo  of  Caledo- 
nia falls  ^o  the  ground. 

Camden,  one  of  the  bcil  Antiqoatie^  that 
the  world  eTer  produf  ed,  has  cn^e^voure<t  to 
give  t|ie  etyopon  of  Caledopia.  Kaied,r  ob-> 
ferves  that  learned  writer,  is  a.  Britifli  wi^dp 
which  l^oifias  ^d^  /n  cb^  pluial  mini|>er 
it  makes  ]^U<fun,  aiid  l^ence  pr^facds  C^Ie- 
donii^.tlut  ifU  a  peoplf  ,6<iiyjE9  r^ay^,  mjttvoi^ 
ItKid,  as  noithern  nationa  gaoaraUy  are  t  a 
people  fierce  in  their  ^q|p^r  fro^  tbe  «x* 
treme  col^neili  of  their  cbm^te ,  a  Pffple 
<Md,  ff>r ward,  and  intfepid.  frooi  thft  fbna* 
dance  jU  t^^eir  blood,    ,,  ^       ■.  , 

Tbe  fcverity  of  tbif  *o|re^fitioj|  on  tht  fU* 
tional  cbara^er  of  tb«  CaMo«iaiM  docf  fipt 
at  all  favour  the  etymon  prpduc^d  by  Camden* 
If  the  nfmc  of  KaMhn  was  fir(l  fcamed  hf 
th<^  Pritontpf  tbf  Soutli,  itinay  be  jgftly 
queHloned  whether  they  jt^enpfeivfs  before 
U»c  rfign  of  Nero  Wfae  If ff  ifxt^,  rough,  and 
unci'viijTifd,  tban  tbeir  •  aeighbouit  qf  the 
north,  ^or*  of  co>irfc^  leis  intitlcd  to  |bat 
name^  But,  at  every  thii^g  that  falls  from  fe 
juftly  celebrated  a  ^m^t  mf^  #  gf«at  itn- 
preflion  j  I  confers  tbia  e^yi^oft  bad  Aicb  weight 
w^tl^me,  tb^t  li^ug  9^PAduti  tbe  w^rd 
Aa/e^  ^6  tbe  ri>ot  t^f  C^Ud^i,  thia  Ird  me  fuf- 
JLhcr  into  ,th<  ^bje^;  aod  I  fubrnit  to  the 
wor^d^  with  gre4t  dcietenc^e  to  the  gfea^ 
jQcrit  of  Camden,  tbe  addi^iboal  ob(etr%- 
,tio|is  I  bave  made^  * 

.  K^kd  h  h^,  ibc  ^tienl  Bnti/h  ^d  Oalie 
languages  figoifies  bard,^  i».bo(b  tbeAil«i|> 
^uagea  i«  eir  ym  fifol^M  «  coiiiitf|(.  Prooa 
ribe  otonolyliible  />  co«iet  xhm  dinvnitfive 
jnnis,  v>rbicli  in  tbf  W^leb  fmd<  Xj^if  it  ad 
tkt  fim«  impou  wall  the  £D|liili  wovd  tJUmL 


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17**. 


7^  4pfdlatm  Calcdcniaois* 


^  jMsBg  KM2§d  aB4  n  together  we  litre 

0tiidi€g  er  rwgh  anj  wuMBt^tnetu  country  I 
vbkh  M  cn^Ty  the  fignification  of  Alha  * 
&s  only  Duoe  by  whlck  the  highUnderi  dir*^ 
|:f»^iAi  ScottAnd  to  this  dtj. — This  tlymon 
ti  Cakdoai»  it  at  leaft  phutiblc  ;  but  I  niuft 
ccafcfs  that  the  deriTation  given  by  Mr. 
fSacpherfoa,  the  tranilator  of  the  poemi  of 
P^Ao,  ji  more  £mple  and  natural. 

The  h'if}AiSi6cit,  af  ht  jnflly  •brerves, 
ciH  them  elvca  Cam^  That  dlvHion  of 
ftcvhrd  which  they  poflefs  thry  taniferfally 
Ciil  Cic  iock,  that  is  to  fay,  the  country 
cLiLt  CiS  or  C:]tes.  The  Romani  by  4 
tr  ^tioo  ^f  the  lettef  /  in  C^ei,  and 
cf-  :{  the^arfliciof  ^^  into  an  harmo- 
h  "L  .  :^rriast;cn,  formed  the  na^me  of  Ca- 
fe; -  ..  Froo^^M  f Cymon  ari&i  an  obfer- 
Va-i  ^  of  «hiSi|Lil»n  make  ufe  in  the 
fKur\  of  theie  m|&donf. 

T>.:  9^  the  >bvmH|  of  the  Romans  we 
fi&d  n  rway  Other  tri^T  b«fidc«  the  C.<Udo« 
irxni  .i»d  Maeatae  in  the  north  of  Britain  } 
fb<w--  probaMy  they  were  no  more  than 
f^ b^-:>. tout  of  th ofe  tvn  ijluftrious  nations. 
Zrtrr  one  cf  tbo(ie  tribes  were  gorerned  by 
ai  4>eodaLnt  chief  or  petty  king.  In  Cz- 
far  s  <~.me,  there  were  no  M  than  four  fucb 
cblefuins  in  Kent,  and  each  of  them  Teded 
With  regal  avtkortty.  ThepoHtical  goTcrn* 
fBCJit  of  Caiedeoia  was,  in  Domitian'a  re*tgD» 
SR^ch  t^c  £une  wiih  that  of  Kent  dunsgCee- 
CiT  t  proconfaiSiip. 

Wlicn  ihe  tfibfit  of  KorUi  Britain  wern 
•narked  by  the  Eosnanf  they  entered  into 
«&>ciacioflS  6aat  by  uniting  their  ftrtngth, 
tbey  might  be  (he  more  able  to  repei  the 
tammoD  enemy,  the  paiticular  name  ot  that 
trbc«  which,  either  its  fopcrior  power,  or 
aiiiitary  repotation  placed  ai  the  head  of  the 
tiSbciu>>Qt  '^'**  ^e  general  name  given  by 
ihc  Romans  to  all  the  confederates. 

Heacc  It  is  that  the  Mxatz  und  Csledo- 
;  have  lAgroi&d  all  the  glory  which  be- 
1  ifk  common,  though  in  an  inferior  de- 
mce,  to  all  the  other  nations  fettled  of  old 
In  Korth  Britain  j  it  was  for  the  fame  reafon 
tSat  thenanoc  of  Msat2  was  entirely  forgot- 
ten by  foreign  writers  after  the  third  cento: y, 
^d,  that  of  the  Caledonians  thenfelves 
il  bot  fe)«on  mentioned  after  the  fourth. 

Tho  Mm»tM,  we  have  already  obferved, 
ercrc  oaeof  thofe  tribes  who  were  fettled  to 
the  feoth  of  the  Clyde  an4  the  Forth, 
f  tokffly  placcp  the  Cadeni,  Salgotx,  Novan- 
It  h  and  Dammiy  sa  the  iame  divifion  of  the 


H 


the  coQAtcy^  To  th«  aorth  of  the  EirtfatUtt 
fame  writer  afligni  the  refp^ivf  placet  pq 
Caledonii,  Epidii,  Carint,  Canrc,  Lofm,  nol 
feverai  other  fmall  rnbes.  Without  ioiiftin^ 
vpon  the  probability  that  Ptolemy,  an  Egyp « 
tiao,  was  not  fo  minutely  acquainted  witl| 
the  internal  ftate  of  Bricain  as  he  prf  teodig 
at  a  time  when  the  i«orth  of  Europe,  was  iii 
litde  known  to  men  of  Irtteis,  we  (ball  takf 
it  for  granted  that  all  ihofe  nations  he  nen^ 
fjoni  were  cf  the  fan)e'original ;  andtoavoi4 
coQi^fion^  1  fhall,  for  the  tutors  ipomprehcai 
them  all  under  the  general  name  Caledoiiiaas. 

Taclttis  divides  ilie  iohabiunts  ot  Britain 
into  three  cUOcs  i  the  Caledonians,  Siluret 
ind  thofe  who  inhabited  the  coai  iKft  C^ 
Gaul  I  he  endeavoort  to  trace  tbpfe  three  na-p 
tiont  to  others  00  the  continent, frnm  whom  ha 
'i^ppofed  they  had  derived  their  ongin.  Thf 
Caledonians,'  he  concJodes,  frma  the  fine  ? 
their  bodies,  and  tb(;  colour  of  their  hair, 
were  of  a  Cermaoic  extra£iion«  Though  If 
muft  be  confefTed  that  the  condofion  ia  (if 
from  being  decifive  from  thofe  two  circum- 
fiAnceag  yet  there  are  many  collateral  argo* 
ments  to  corroborate  the  opinion  ol'that  htl^ 
torian.  Thef<^  in  tomt  future  diifertattoo  I 
tnay  throw  together,  and  leave  the  whole  t# 
^he  jndgment  ai  the  poblic. 

^^  This  the  author  hu  done  in  a  DiSet'm 
tarion,  intitled,  A  Parallel  between  the  Ca- 
ledonians and  ancient  Germans,  which  if 
printed  in  this  work. 

^«  £Jaj  upon  Pfints,  fatmniwr  Umtrtf 
^pon  the  Frinciplet  of  fiavrefqut  Siamtp,  thf 
diWerent  ktndt  of  Prints^  mnd  tb€  Cbt»M^tn 
0^  the  mofi  Mited  Mafiwi\  iUt^rattdhf  Critic 
eifmt  on  parfico/ar  Pieces  i  tp  wkicb  art  sdded^ 
f^me  Cautiong  that  puy  ie  mfi/iU  in  c§Ueffit^ 
Prinftf  Rol^fon. 

This  is  an  ingeniooi  perfbrmaoec^  aft'  well 
worth  the  perufal  of  every  pcrfoa  whp  ia 
fond  of  pri'ntf, — in  the  variety  of  tht  anthor*« 
bbfervaiioos  we  are  almoft  at  a  lofa  irot^ 
vrh^t  part  to  make  an  txtn£t,  but  as  the  fol- 
lowing remarks  on  the  diflfercnt  kinds  o^ 
prints  feem  tathor  more  likely  to  affift  a  pur» 
chafer  of  fiich  perfornriancea  than  any  other, 
-we  /hall,  oa  that  account,  frleft  them  fof 
the  information  of  the  public. 

'*  There  are  three  kindf  of  pvfntaj  «%- 
graviwgt^  etckingt,  and  Metiotiatpe.  Th« 
eharaderiilic  of  the  firft  is  ftrewgfhf  Qf  the  icr 
cond  frfedam,  and  of  the  third  fafttufs,  aU 
thefe  however  may  in  iome  4egr«e  he  fonn^ 
in  each,. 


*  That  thii  h  the  prcp9r  SgrnfitsOim  </  Alba  fiaJI  hrfirwn  in  tbtf^quel  ^  tMk  dijeriatiot^^ 
^  the  etjmn  givtn  bert  ef  cAdoni4  Jlwild  appear  a  j^ft  om^  IJhall  wiaU  aa  di^iuUy  im  fmppo* 


jMg  that  the  Ca/^ouia  af  Greece  is  deritud  from  the  fame  Cthicjourcej  jSulia,  tfwiuh  tb§  Gro^ 
pjm  Cahdama  VM  a  part,    v>ai  a  very  mountainous  country:    Throe  moyntfSMi^  iti  partitmlat 
tOfTf,  Japbiofm^  ChaJcit,  sud  Carafe,  werr  acoogdiag  fo  Stuaho  immenfely  htgh,    tbafneo  of  tht' 
f»«//7  vfae  very  rugged^  awd  the  inhahj  fonts  hardy  %    Homer  gives  the  €har4Str^ifsf^ 
nckf  ti  Ga^d^i  sbi  (fjftssf  fif  si^  nftJWjt^o^^  Xlia(|  fit  ve(«  649* 


nfr^^^  f/ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


46 


Essav   rpoN  Prtkt?. 


'  Jait. 


It  h  a  rare  thlni  toTnect  with  a  print  «- 
9hefy  engraved  which  it  free  from  fliffoefs  j  ^ 
celebrated  mailer  of  oar  own,  indeed,  hath 
liottnd  the  art  of  giving  freedom  to  the  ftroke 
ef  a  graver  f  and  hath  difplayed  great  forte  of 
execution  upon  works  by  no  tneaai  worthy  of 
kirn  :  ai  if  be  were  determined  to  Ihew  the 
^iorld  he  could  ftamp  a  value  upon  any  thing. 
But  foch  artlftf  a|^  rarely  found.  Men  tn- 
fjra^rt  ih  general  are  Jiule  belter  than  mere 

la  etcbingi  we  have  a  greater  variety  of  ex- 
ctlfent  prints,  the  cafe  is,  it  ii  fo  much  the 
lame  u  drawing,  that  we  have  the  very  worki 
tbemfelvei  of  the  moft  celebrated  mafteri, 
miiy  6f  whom  have  left  behind  them  prima 
In  thit  way  which  however  flight  aad  incor* 
jm6t,  wilt  always  have  fomething  m0fter/ji 
«od»  of  courfei  heautiful  in  them. 

-  Inr  the  mofeling  of  hikman  figures  of  any 
COnfiderable  fite,  enj^raving  hath  undoubted- 
ly the  advantage  of  etching  \  the  foft  and  de* 
licatb  tfkdfttions  fronn  light  to  fhade  which 
kre  there  required,  cannot  be  fo  well  fcxpref* 
Ibd  by  the  needle;  and  in  general  large 
frints  req^ire  a  ftrengtb  which  etching  cannot 
give,  and  are  therefore  fit  objedh  of  rs- 
paving,      *  " 

Etching,  on  the  Other  han^,  h  mote  pir- 
tkularly  adapted  to  flcetehes  and  flight  de- 
^Mt  which.  If  executed  by  an  engraver, 
wouH  etitirelylbfe  their  freedom,  and  with 
it  their  beauty.  Land/kijp  too  is  the  objedl  of 
etching.  T*hc  fbltage  of  trees,  rvini,  Iky, 
^d  indeed  every  part  of  landlkip  requires  the 
^mbft  freedom  $  1n  finiihing  an  etched  land-' 
-ikfp  with  the  160^  (al  it  is  called)  too  much 
ore  cannot  be  taken  to  prevent  heavineft.' 
The  fore  giotindf  may  require  a  few  f^rong 
touches,  and  the  boles  of  fuch  trees  ki  are 
'^placed  tf|>oh  them,  and  liere  and  there  a  few 
hartitol^iaing  (frokes  wiU  add  to  the  efre£l„ 
'but  if  the  eil graver  ventures  tnuch  farther^ 
lie  hat  good  luck  if  he  dises  no  mifchicf. 

An  eitffraved  pfate,  onlefs  it  be  cut  very 
ftghtiy,  wlH  eaft  off  five  hundred  good  ira- 
ptefliont;  %i\\etchfd ont  will  not  give  above 
twe  htmdred,  unlefs  it  be  eaten  very  deep  { 
and  tbMrit  may  perhaps  give  thV<^  hundred, 
after  th%t  thf  p^ate  muft  be  retouched,  or  the 
impMRdli'wfn  be  faint. 

Bcfidei  the  common  method  of  engraving 
iw  ioffer,  we  have  prints  engraved  orf  pewter 
«nd  on  wood  ;*  rhe  pewter  platt  givei  a  coarfe- 
iseft  and  dfj^tinefs  to  the  print  which  is  difa* 
freeable,  but  engraving  npon  wood  it  capable 
•f  great,  beauty.  .Of  thii  fpeciei  of  engraving 
*ore  ftall  be  fiiid; 

'  MetTMinto  ia  ^very  different  fVom  either 
Mifgrawiig  ^  etebing.  In  tbefe  you  make  the 
/Mo  in  Metsotinto  the  iigbtt. 

Since  the  time  of  ita  invention  by  prince 
Roperr»  ft  ia  commonly  fuppofed,  thct  art 
of  iicrapiog  Mettotintot   if-  grctily^'fiiore 


improved  than  either  of  it!  filler  artij  fomc  ot 
the  earlieft  etctingt  are  peihapa  the  ht&l 
and  engraving,  fin«e  the  time  of  Goltriua  and 
Muller,  hath  not  peihaps  made  any  vcr/ 
great  advan^ea,  but  Metsotinto,  compwed 
with  its  original  Aate,  is  at  this  day  almoft 
a  new  art,  if  we  examine  (bme  of  the  P^or 
dern  piecea  of  workmanfhip  in  this  way,  the^ 
Jcwi/h  Rabbi }  the  portrait  of  Mrs.  Lifcelle* 
with  arCiiild  on  her  knee :  Mr.  Garrick  be* 
tween  tragedy  and  comedy  s  and  fever  al  other 
prints,  by  fome  of  our  befl  Metzotiato  fcrepcra* 
they  almoft  as  much  exceed  the  worka  of 
White  and  Smith,  as  thofe  mafiers  did  Bec 
ket  and  Si  mens. 

The  chagaQeriAk  of  Metaotinto  'vfoftiufy 
which  adapts  it  chiefly  to  portrait  or  hiflory» 
with  a  few  fignret,  and  thefc  not  too  fnull  g 
BOthfng  except  paint  ean  cxpre(s  flefh  more 
naturally,  or  the  flow  log  of  hiir,  or  the  iolda 
of  drapery,  or  the  catching  lights  of  armoiifw 
In  engraving  and  etching  we  muft  get  over 
the  prejudices  of  f  rofs  lines  which  exiti  in  no 
natural  bodies,  but  Metsotinto  givea  us  the 
flrongeft  reprefeotation  of  a  firface.  If  how<« 
ever  the  figures  are  too  crowded  it  want* 
ilrength  to  detach  the  feveral  partx  with  a  pros- 
per relief,  and,  if  they  are  very  fmall,  ic 
Wants  precifioh,  which  can  only  be  given  hf 
an  outline;  or,  as  in  painting,  by  a  eifferenc 
tSnt.  The  univenhefa  of  the  ground  wiU 
oecafion  bad  drawing,  aukwardnefs  in  the  ex* 
trcmities  eipecially*  Soade  inferior  aitifts 
Save  endeavoured  to  remedy  this  by  termi- 
nating their  figures  with  an  engraved  ot  etched 
line  s  but  they  heve  tried  the  experimenc 
with  bad  Ayccefs.  The  flrength  of  the  lioe» 
and  the  foftnefs  of  the  ground,  accord  ilt 
togethrr.  I  fpe«k  not  here  of  I'uCh  a  judlciou* 
mixture  of  etcbini  and  Metaotinto  is  White 
fof merly  ufed,  and  fuch  as  our  beft  Melxc« 
tinto  fcrapers  at  prefent  ufO}  to  give  a  ftrength 
lb  a  particufar  pact  j  I  fpeak  only  of  a  harfli^ 
and  mjudicioui  lineal  termination. 

Metaotinto  excels  each  of  the  other  fpecien 
of  prints  in  its  capacity  of  receiving  the  mofi 
beautiful  etTedts  of  fight  and  (hadet  as  it 
can  the  moft  happily  unite  them  by  blending 
them  together. — Of  this  Rembraidt  feems  to 
have  been  awire^  he  had  probably  feen  fome  of 
the  firft  Metrotmtos ;  and  admiring  the  e^- 
fcA,  endeavoured  to  prodoce'it  in  etching  kf 
a  variety  of  interfe£ling  fcratches. 

You  cannot  veelt  caft  bflfmore  than  an  hoo^ 
dred  good  impreflioos  from  a  Metxotinro  plate^ 
the  rtlbbing  of  the  hand  foon  wears  it  fmooth* 
and  yet  by  conft^ntly  repairing  if,  it  may.  be 
made  to  give  four  or  five  hundred  with  tol^ 
rable  ftrength*  The  firft  impreffions  are  not  al* 
ways  the  beft,  they  are  too  bl^ck  and  harfh. 
You  willcoiTimcnly  have  the  beft  iraprefliont 
ftom  the  fiftieth  to  the  fev6ntieth :  the  harOi 
edges  win  be  (bftned  down ;  ahd  yet  thcr« ' 
Will  be  fpiritiadilxcnich  enough  kit. 

dIfiS 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Warner  on  the.  Gout, 


n 


AfaBsU  finM  ditmmt  mf  tht  Govti 
Trtm  wktmt  wiJ?  k  cUsrlyfifn  tbt  FtUy^  of 
g</w^  •/*  «tf  Frttndtrt  to  cure  it.  Sec.  £j 
Vti4mikio  Wmracr»  L  L.  D. 

As  aa  aftnfe  for  ovr  rcTcreo^  a«thor*t  in- 
firtagiaf  «pap  Oie  proinACc  of  the  fcatlemcii^ 
ti  ibc  facnky,  <'  It  u  cartAio,  fays  he,  thst 
WUet  mncfa  ei^erieBce  m  mjfclf  and  ocber% 
fkjUstM  cannot  illnw  To  moch  time  ia  the 
flM^o^  my  ovc  difordcr,  tt  I  have  given 
i^Hi  the  Coos  }  acitbei  can  anf  f  liyfician 
i4e  M  not  a  gooey  man,  be  fo  well  acqoaint- 
•i  with  the  tittle  drcodiftanrea  in  the  pro- 
'  ficib  of  c^ia  difteitipery  Vhkh  are  neceflary  to 
ke  Jumn,  aa  an  attentive  arthritic  who  is 
aar  a  pliy^ciia  ;  fot  almoft  every  fft'produccf 
aMaeCttiBg  new  for  Bia  Oviei  vaiiun* 

Aim  fe«c  pfayiiological  remirkt,  our  re- 
foreod  wmer  irrocecJt  to  give  a  htftory  of  the 
main  foor,  10  which  be  hat  endeavoured 
10  coiled  every  thing  of  inportaacc  that  haa 
hccD  Mirasctd  by  iome  of  the  heft  anthora 
l^an  that  dtierder»  aad  at  the  £uDe  time  that 
he  prooooacea  the  core  of  it  to  be  impoffible, 
ha  peafeflea  to  produce  (bmc  new  methods  of 
aiordiog  the  gooty  patient  relief:  *<  When 
ihc  fit  b  arrived  U  ii't  height«  (aya  hc«  if  the 
Min  ftovld  be  greater  than  the  patient  can 
hear  ammeSomfyf  aad  his  nights  are  fleepleis, 
ihen.  notwitbifandtng  the  prejudice*  of  moft 
phyficians  againft  opiates  in  the  Ooat,  he 
■ay  relieve  hiadiBlf  by  the  foUowiag  ■ao-'. 

Take  af  opiam  fii  dnchrat-^Soap  of  tartar 

and  cafile  feap  of  each  half  an  ounct— 

NaCBcf  powdered  one  drachm^  Cam- 

phipe   three    drachms  —  Saffron    two 

licf«plea— Sweet  fptrit  of  fal  ammoniac 

atae  oaacea.-^Digeft  all  the  iogre^entr 

ia  a  norvBCe  fiaic  in  a  (and  heat  lor 

tHidays,  ihaking  it  ao«  and  then  till 

the  kk  day  Of  two,  and  then  poar  it  olF 

deary  aad  Hop  it  op  for  nfe/* 

He  direAt  thirty  or  forty  drops  of  this  me- 

dkiac  to  be  taken*   upon  an  empty  fiomach 

aa  hoar  before  it  ia  wanted  to  operate,  in  a 

gMs  otrnisn  or  plague  oratcr,  and  if,  an  hoar 

ar  two  after  taking  it,  the  pain  is  not  greatly 

dboted,  he  erdeis  tweoty  drops  more.— The 

awaber  of  dreos  arc  to  be  pK^ortioned  to  the, 

violence  of   the   pain,    and    repeated   every 

a^ht»  if  the  pain  requires  it;  abating  two  or 

three  drops  «  a  time  as  the  pain  abates,  till 

tha  dole  is  redoced  to  tea  or  e  doaen,  when 

the  patient  may  deiiil  at  once  from  taking 


He  then  praceeds  to  (hew  how  very  ill* 
fiMaded  the  prejodices  agatnft  exhibiting  opi- 
am  in  thb  diforder  have  been,  and  aft;r  giv* 
iagibcnt  dircAioos  and  recipes  for  the  tieat* 
iKat  of  an  the  cafes  of  irregular  gout,  which 
ftc  chkfly  borrows  from  Murgi ave^  coodades 
Mtpcadie. 

Tho'  Dt,  Waracr  profefles  to  take  nytlce 
if  ^  €taj  thing  auural  la  the  i^  wtiten 


pn  th)a  fu^je^**  he  apptan  never  to  have  raaA 

Van  Swieten,  viho  is  confcfledly  the  hc(t  at&t 
thor  on.th^  Gout  extant,  and  though  he  pro- 
mi  es  to^ve  fonae  fuw  infi ructions  for  its  re* 
lief, we  can  difcover  very  little  io  this  work  bug 
^whacit  taken  from  Sydenham^Q^incey^Jame^i 
and  Mu(grave.  HU  notion  in  the  piiyfioiogicajl 
pari  of  this  trcaiife  of  the  powen  of  tb^  fio^ 
jnach  in  digedion^  and  of  Le»cnhocl4^'idiico« 
veries  have  been  long  fince  cxpioded,  but  tbefa 
esiars  every  man  is  Itablo.  to*  /all  into  wika 
f^ps  out  of  his  own  profeOion  to  write  oa 
phyiical  fu^e^f,  and  any  ctnfure  on  thia 
occafion,  will,  we  apprehend,  givevet^y  Itttic 
trouble  to  our  author,  as  he  fays,  he  has  ha* 
carded  his  chirader  tod  much  as  a  writer 
upoa  great  workf  of  other  kinds,  to  be  ia 
any  degree  folicitoos  about  the  reception  of 
this  account  of  the  gout. 
-  The  G<Mt — mtr^Brdintfy  Cafn  h  the  Head, 
St$mscb,  mnd  Extnmmth  ^Oitb  pbfJicMl  mnd 
cbirurgifol  Remarh  smd  Oi>^rvMiwn%\^c% 
&c.  By  Richard  Ingram,  hUn^MUmtft^  Ui% 
^arrepa  r«  tkt  Ti^f  Rigmtnt  •/ DrtgotMu 

'Thia  writer  it  of  opinioa,  that  what  ia 
commonly  called  the  Gout,  is  only  the  ^A 
of  a  caa/r,  and  a  kind  codeavonr  in  natura 
to  aflfemble  together  and  fling  off  the  obnoxi- 
ous partickt.  He  a^fertf,  that  he  it  podcOed 
of  a  preparation  that  immedistely  trikes  at 
the  origiA  of  this  diibrder,  though  he  ac- 
luow ledges  that  it  muil  be  varied  in.  quantity 
and  form,  affording  to  the  age,  conftitutioa» 
and  habit  of  the  patient.  At  the  end  of  tha 
Eflay,  he  has  publdhed  cafes  of  n  n«  perfons^ 
who  were  fuccefsfuUy  treated  in  this  diica(e« 
His  plan  to  prevent  the  erils  which  arifii 
from  the  indilcriminate  grant  of  medicinal 
patents  is  worthy  of  attention,  and  his  o^ 
iervations  on  the  pernicious  cuftom  of  c^dist 
drio^g,  which  deftroys  fuch  numbers  of 
the  moft  amiable  part  of  the  creation,  deferva 
the  mod  feriouaconfideration.—  lnihort,  not* 
wtthfUnding  oar  ingaiious  author  kjecpt  i^i 
medicine  a  fecret,  we  cannot  but  recomqicnd 
his  performance  to  the  prru£J  of  every  ona 
afflicted  with  this  complaint,  which  has  hi« 
thertobid  defiance  to  the  otmoft  eflTorts  of  tha 
oiedical  art. 

Tbt  Entangtementt  ar,  7bs  Htftory  •/  Mif$ 
Eleonora  Frampioa  and  Mifs  Anil^atia  Shiu-^ 
toe,  a  y»l.  Noble. 

This  hiftory  is  indeed  «n  eDtanglemeat* 
and,  was  it  even  anravelled,  would  give  but 
very  little  fstisfaaion  to  a  fenfiblc  leader,  it 
being  written  in  the  true  tafte  of  the  ciicuia- 
ting  library. 

Cltmeutira,  «r,  7bt  Hiftory  0/  am  lull^a 
Ladyt  vtba  madt  btr  Efcaftfrom  a  Monaftiry 
fcr  tbeLffve  of  a  Scots  ^^Umaft,  Nv>bl«, 

In  an  advertisement  ptehxed  to  this  little 
volutne  we  learn,  that  it  was  written  by  Mri« 
Haywood  in  the  ye^r  17^1,  and  publiflied  ua- 
der  the  title  of  the  Agreeable  Caledonian, 
fo  that  it  is  now  only  vamped  vp  with  littla 
aiore  that  a  di^erent  title-page,  and  capnoc 
coniff^uentiy 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


It 


POETICAI.  EsSAVi 


jtCdlltOitm  of  tti  m«fl  tfemed  Pteees  tf 
fntrj  ibtt  bM9fi  ^iffktr^  for  fivirdl  Turt, 
4vhb  rathty  9f  Origin^.  By  M^m  Mender, 
Mffl  nd  oihtr  Omtrihtttors  t6  Dodfley**  Cp/- 
A»M,  §9  mAiib  thi%  it  fKiendtd  at  M  Smfpk^ 

Tbt  cooipkd  pifft  •f  diift  iTttUleitioo  te 


^«  Jawuarv,  1768. 

the  bef^,  and  m  (dftse  detrtfe  aaAlcn  Hit  ifflcr- 
Yion  ki  the  thle  pig«. 

Cb»Mttht  dr  the  Royal  Prtschttf  w  ^Mriii^ 
iB^  ^ff^/f  infcfihtd  to  the  Kitit*  Johnftod, 
L«d|:afe-fhre^. 

This  it  a  poetka)  ▼erfioa  o#  SdlomonS 
lEcdefiaft^y  and  will,  m  all  prebaMHty,  prcrr* 
«n  Agreeable  eatettainmest  to  maisy  riligiod^ 
readera. 


POETICAL    ESSAYS. 


OX>%firiht  H«w  Y»A*,  Jan.  I,  I7«. 
My  WlftUm  Wbhefaead,  iff\  Pitt  Lsnreax* 

LET  Che  Toice  of  mofick  brecthe, 
)  Hail  with  (boithc  new^bora  Ye»  !— 
Tho*  tke  firsts  eaith  beneath 

Feela  »oC  yet  hia  iaflneitcc  AtAt, 
.  Alfeady  from  hU  fouthern  goal 

The  genial  Oed  who  nika  the  6xff 
Um  bid  hifi  glowing  axle  roll, 
.   And  promis'd  the  return  of  Ma^. 
Yon  mfiian  bk(U>  whole  piniona  fwctp 
impctoooa  o*cr  ear  nmthem  deep. 

Shall  ceate  their  founda  of  war  t 
Andy  gradual  aa  hb  power  pi«vailfk 
Shall  mingk  with  the  fofter  gtkar 

That  Tpoat  aroottd  hia  car. 
IP^ete  ftoiild  be  propbeta  toO.-«    « 

Plenty  in  hia  train  attends ; 
Truitt  and  £owcri  of  ▼arioui  hor 

Btooa  wbereV  her  Aiep  (he  beadi* 
V&wtk  the  green  hBra  floping^fiile^ 

Winding  to  the  Tale  below, 

^e,  ihe  poofi  her  golden  tide! 

'      Whifff,  upon  ha  airy  brow; 

Amidft  hia  flocki*  whom  Nature  leadf 
'  To  Abwery  fe^ftt  on  moootaibi  heads, 

Th*exultifig  Atpfierd  liet : 
And  t»  th'  horizon*a  utnoft  bound 

Holla  bit  c^e  with  tran/port  roond« 

Theft  lift!  it  to  the  (kiet. 

Let  the  Toice  oT  mufidc  breathe  I 
Twine,  ye  fwaint,  the  feftal  wreath  ! 
Baisia  ikall  no  OBore  complain 
Qf  niggard  harfeAa,  and  a  tailing  year  % 
No  more  the  mifer  hoard  hia  grain* 

Regarfileiii  0/  the  ptafapt'a  tear,  . 
Wbofe  hand  laborious  tUl'd  the  earth* 
And  gave  tho(e  very  treafures  birth. 

Ko  moro  ftall  George,  whofe  parent  bteaft^ 

Feeli  every  pang  his  fubjedti  know. 
Behold  a  faithful  land  dIA  reft, 

Or  hear  one  Cgh  of  real  woe. 
But  gratefu)  mirth,  whofe  decent  beoodt 
No  riot  fwcll>»  no  fiear  confounds, 
Afltf  h«af  c>fc!t  eafe,  whofe  glt.w  withm 
ExaiH  Conteiirment*s  modefV  mien. 
In  every  fice  (ball  rnuleconfeA, 
And,  \t\  his  ptopls's  joy,  the  monarch  too  be 
Weft. 


^  Occasional  Pj^oLoone,  wfitte^foe 
ihe  Play  and  BMttrtaimHent  of  Tm%  Wa  V 
TO  Kasp  Him  aad  The  CvAftntAiv  f 
cffod  by  the  Cowudiaut  at  Scarborooghy  No^ 

Aiarqaia  ^Granby* 

V  f  rHILt  Greece  and  Rome  bha*d  forth  i4 
W         early  day». 

With  genoine  luftrc  and  whh  unbought  praife^ 
No  hireling  poets  were  retain*d  to  ling, 
And  waft  their  herises  on  the  mufes  wfng  ; 
*Twas  worth  intrinfic  fir'd  th'  enraptur'd  bard) 
And  warm  applaofea  were  his  juft  reward* 
'   We  too,  a  hero  could  point  out  to  you  j 
Aa  Scipio  yalianr,  and  as  Cato  true  : 
Trurto  bis  country*s  liberties  and  laws  ; 
Keady  to  bleed  ra  her  all-righteons  caufe. 

Butftop,  fond  mufe,  ore'eryou*re  6uC  oF 
wincC 
Ker  dare  to  hail  the  fa?*rite  ofmtJikind  c 
l.e«ve  fuch  a  fubje£^  to  the  god  of  VBrfe  f 
Phabos  btmfelf  his  adiona  duiU  rehoaHe* 
Quit  thou  the  buikin  and  the  fock  feAupe, 
And  wing  thy  bardl'ing  with  a  comic  plume. 

Deaund  we  now  whet  beought  ^eie  beao- 
ties  hither. 
In  fpight  of  darknelt  and  of  ftormy  weather!' 
Methinkalhear  the  exulting  fair  rsiply, 
«  When  Granby  afks,  wh^t  mortal  can  dcnyT* 

Xadles,  we  offer  to  your  candid  view, 
A  comedy  and  farce— nor  old—- nor  new, 
*^  But  why  exhibit  two  fuch  homely  pieces  f 
Was  it  to  Tex,  to  mortify,  or  teaae  us  ?** 

Stop  Charming  foully  and  hear  me  whilA  'Jt 
plead, 
iTnAorc'd,  uoalkM,  unprejudiced,  unfeed. 
What  if  The  Way  to  Keep  Him  ihopld  uofbl^ 
Some  other  him,  that*s   better  gue(s*d'tha^' 

told?^ 
And  what  if  our  good  Guardian  (hoald  fi*ggeA 
A  God-like  heart  within  a  human  breaft  ? 
Whjt  if  encouraged  by  our  virtuous  wife,^. 
Who  weans  her  huiband  froov  a  rikifh  lift,  ^ 
The  generous  dame  her  own  good  man  (km 

bufs,    ;  . 

And  charm  his  forrows  with  a  chaRe  earefs ! 
What  1/  yott  n^ropbs,  fmit  by  the  juA  grada^ 

tion, 
Conceive  your  darlings-r-in  imagination  | 
Then  m^ghtour  weak  endeavoura  to  a^ufeyotik^ 
At  offe  ioftru£l  and  plcifei  and  di£iliaie  you. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


M76B.  i^ 

Vrt  riied  FLOXA*t  painted  Bower. 
Sd  bj  Mr.  C.  Clagst.  Song  by  Mifier  Brett^ 


r«c     fltfci     Flon*t         fasnterf        bower,    to     ferar    thif  wieath  of 


^^^^^^^^^M 


fcratl     flowerti     A-midft       ihc       chapkt    htTC  I  wove    tb# 


3^p-J-^4^-f^^^^:SEl 


SiS 


I       of    Jovi,  Hcic  M     ill*  * 


birds  of       Ve  -  mut  ao4      or    Jovt*  Here  ai    tb*  immortal 


^^^S^ 


^ 


law  -  rel  growi.  There  as  blooms  the       fragrant  ro  e  j      Be  with  ihliverfe  th 

h 


4»-  TV  ^  .->  * 


^ 


7     "  ^  f - 


^^^^^i 


gar  -  lind     bound,   Thit  ar   -  dcat  love     hath  beau  -  ty     crown'd.     That 


E^^egfe 


rra. 


^Eg^^^=^^ 


ar-  4cat  Une  haeh     betuty    crowa*d« 


ttifefcfaa±a-u^^^ 


Jafl.  l^fil* 


O  D  1 


Digitized  byCjOOQlC 


Poetical  IPssayi  in  January,  176*8. 


K' 


Ode    f    thi  S  OV  T  H   WINDs 

"INO  Aufter  !  with  ii(k\^w%  brecsti 
_  ^  FroiB  Afric*!  w^impfr  resioni  c^e  I 
And  bccL  to  ZewbltH  icy  leai 
O I  drife  tbjr  tuffian  brocb«r  home.— 
pone!  and  nixl^  galea  beoign  and  bUnd 
Leo/c  Uwn  bi«  firollf  o«r  fetter *d  land  i 
Aftin  Q )  let  the  Naiadi  lead 
Their  waUrs  throogh  the  thtrfty  mead ; 

Agaia  w^  4fmM  yepw   «t*    J*»"'M 

grounoji  [oreatbing  hound. 

^0  chaim   with  odoori  Arpng  the  rajpture- 

Tho*  FcoB*t  ron<  in  angry  ftrtia 

Thy  flaoiflnre-dropping  wing»  accofe^ 
And  lay  Hygeia*|  £i>ei  remain 

la  ambuA  *iii!dft  thy  balmy  devn  | 
Say;  (hall  not  Brirain*4  bardv  youth 
Denyfueh  dreamt  the  feal  of  truth  .^ 
Who,  when  they  watoe  the  mii^y  morix 
With  cairoU  biythe  of  hound  and  horn^ 
Find  manlier  Arength  their  aAi?e  finewa 
fteel,     ■  ^    '   '  [Belgians  feel. 

Ipian  ^midft  furrounding  froftt  the  Ikaitiag 

p)  then  attend  thy  Toffliaot'af  rayV! 
Awhile  unbend  the  ftbbbcrn  ibil> 

; Shed  ^y  moift  influence  through  the  atr^ 

And  wake  again  the  hunter *i  toil : 
So  from  each  hlll^  and  ev*ry  gruTt, 
Wheree'er  Diana*i  Tot^riei  rove. 
While  tfi  around  the  jocund  cry 
With  mimic  thunder  lendi  the  iky^ 
l£ach  fporUTe  youth,  with  eager  iranrport 
pale  Uale* 

|n  many  i  chearful  note  ihall  Mcfa  thy  friendly 
.'     '  RnsTxeui. 

^ROLOGyE<«FA^S£  PELlCA9r. 
S^u  iy  Mr,  King. 

I*M  vex'd— quite  vexM— and  you'll  he  tex'd 
— that'i  worfe;  [cnrl'c? 

To  deal  mitikJimUmt  StrikU^  t— thffe>  lh« 
Write  moral  pUya,— the  blockhead  !-^whjf 

|;ood  people,' 
You'll  foon  exped  thit  honfe  fo  h^vc  ^  ftfctlel 
For  oar  ^ne  piece,  to  let  yoo  into  fafh^    *  * 
"is  ^oi{^  a)Srr|fwff.'Oofy  pre4ch*d  in  #Af. 
Yoo*11  fcarce  believe  tile  till  thie  proof  appcarf, 
9at  even  1,  Tom  FooU  muft  Acd  fonne  teirs. 
Bo  ladiet,  look  upon  aie|— Nay    no  finip- 
Ving.— >         '  [wktmpVingl 

Think  you    thii  fact*    wai  eter  mide  for 
Can  I,  t  fambrick  hamflterchief  dtfplay, 
Thump  my  unfeeling  breaft,'  and  roar  away  I 
Why  tb'n  U  ^•mkaU  SUh«P<  ^e*ll  ^aj'  _ 

Kefolving  thit  ftrange,  awkard,  bard,  to  pomp, 
i  a(k*d  him  what  he  meant  ?— He^lbmeiNiat 

plump,  '    - 

New  pers'd  hia  bcUy,  and  k^  lipt  that  biting-^ 
Imi^kttf  mp  $ki  digni^  •fwritiag  I 
You  may,  but  if  yon  do  nr,  1  muti  tell  yc» 
You*ll  not  keeo  up  that  dignity  of  belly  j 
Still  he  preach*d  oo.~"  Bardipf  a  former  a|e. 
Held  up  abandon*d  piAufei  on  the  Aage» 
^jprcad  out  their  wit,  with  fafcinating  art, 
^n4'cttch*d  the  fuicy^  cocomiK  the  heart  |^ 


JWr' 


ror 


But  happy  change!— >tn  thefe  more  moral  dayin 
l^;ott  c^^qoot  fpofr  viih  /tftue,  e*eo  in  pU}a« 
On  vircne'i  fide,  hii  pen  the  poet  drawt. 
And  boldly  aiki  a  hearine  far  hia  caufe.** 
Thui  did  he  .[praoce  an4  6reUr— The  afui| 

may  prate, 
And  feed  thefe  whimfiet  in  hit  addle  pate. 
That  you'll  prouA  kiimufe,  be^aufe  OxtS^ 

good,  , 

A  virgin,  and  fo  ehafte !— O  Lod,  O  Lud  !-^ 
No  mufe  the  critic  beadlea*  laih  efcapea, 
TKo*  rirteouii  if  a  dowdy,  and  a  fripei|« 
If  bh  cornea  forth'  a  decent,  likely  Ul*, 
You'll  fpeak  her  fair,  and  graDi  the  proper 

paia;  [lencerg 

Or  fhould  hit  brain  be  tord*d  with  wild  pre- 
f ^  thrfc  hours  lime,  yoo*U  bring  him  to  h^ 

fe^fei  i  (get  hi m^ 

And  well  yoQ  may,  when  in  yopr  p^ower  yott 
|n  that^  fliott  fjpice,  you  Miiter,  bleed,   ao4 

'ff|eathim«       '  '- 
AiDoog  tke  TMrl^  indeed,  he*d  rnn  no  dan* 

t^U  '         [§«••- 

Tkey  facred  hold,   a  madmicu  and  i^  ftV^* 

EPILOG    U  ^ 
ipfi\tn  by  Mn,  Dakcik,  ^ 

.  Wrlttin   by  David  GAamiCK,  Eff^ 

WHEN  with  the  cqtnlc  mufe  a  bac4 
hath  dealing,  [fading  ^ , 

The  traffic  thrives,   wh.en  t)iere*a   a   mutual' 
0«r  author  b  aOa,  that  well  W  chofe  hia  plaiiji 
Frf//VaiW^jr/— Himielf.  inlnjbn^ui 
As  Vin  4  •vocnan,   ()<mewh9t  ^lone  to  fatiroi 
jn  prove  it  a^l  a  bMU  what  he  calls  nature  t 
And  yoii^  I'm  furr,  will  join  ber'ore  you  go. 
To  m4ul  fs/fi  MoJfJIy^ftov^  Duhlln  be  I 
WHrre  are  thefe  Ltiy  Lamhtent  to  be  found  P 
Not  in  thefe  riper  r)m<*t.  on  Engli/h  ground* 
Among  the  varioua  flowexi,  which  fweetly^ 
Wow,  ^ 

To  charm  the  eyea,  at  Aimack*t  ar\d  Soho, 
Praj  ^Qet  that  weed,'  Faljt  Dtr^sey  grow  ?  -j 

Among  the  fair  of  faflttoo,  common  breeding, 
ia  rhere  one  bofum,  where  love  li^s  a  bleeding*? 
In  olden  tiofkes,    your  granfiams  anre/in*d,  ^ 
Ty'd  up  the  tongue,  put  padljcki  on  the  f 

wiifld  i    '  [now  900/^1%).  f 

O  Wiea,  tbaak  your  fUrs,  there^a  nothiiig'<^ 
In  love  you  Sngladi  mo^;— 4herc*a  no  coti« 

ecaliog,  [dealing  g 

Are  moft,  like  Win  worth,  fimnle  ij|  yoor 
But  Britoni,  in  their  natures,  u  their  namft. 
Are  different,  as  the  Shannon,  Tweed,  aji4 

Thafeea.'  •     *        .    -  ••  ... 

Aa  the  Twtfd  flowt,  the  hotinfSeve  profcede^ 
Wee*d%  (law,  and  fure,  and  nae  '  obfbtidiQia 
-      heedt)  ■  '  ' 

Tho*  oft  repulf^d,  hia  purpofe  flitl  haudafa^, 
Stecka  like  a  burr,  aod  weena  the  laff  at  kft. 
The  Sbannoif,  rough,  and  vigorouf  Douit  along. 
Like  the  bold  accent  of  brave  P^dOf  t  tongue  J 
Arrah,  dear  creature,'Cao  you  ftors  me  ^?  ' 

If 


10,  r 


Cail  yooi  fweet  eyta  upoo  me  topy  tdd^lbe 


N»t 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Std^y  vf  tie  Nt^d^otmiyi 

huhtw,  [ydc  •fter. 

Jwairrf  memy  jewH^ 1>«  f y^ni^  love 

u^ kacMni TlMMcr,  Ikoocft  ^^i^m  -ITr^r  their 

k»«Acr,  (;c*Dtbcr, 

■^^nkktfaatt  ore*  and  ^Bttcb   lel%  t>old  thao 
MrwMI,  bit  l«¥4iK  arms  ^ili  Tpreadi 
BKAopt-uwilowt  bta««  t%««  tvAthf^nl  hczi  i 


'eJoAV'^  so  ecu  tiu  ^ 


^liitleihtatc  a^Aio. 
VelAsypaMiAglUie  ?  — or  do  j^o  ddtsUit^ 

WbtOiyyMtoft  tryal  ? ^<rt:^«  abtti*t  it  } 

Let  CofM  kt4  I2>r«v  tSrre^ms  ^o  t  li  e  field, 
Atdtryvhkhfirft  can  rskMKm  m.  damM  ^leldr 
*We  fiy  jeo  ta  a  wri^d'aiy  ^-^ — Tnailc  confcat, 
(W  ite'H  be  rttdy  §<ir  gatp^^rxfy^gyt^.  ^ 

72«  Slry  •/  th€   mc%9    Oo  m  k  z>  y    caliti 

FALSE    pEi^ie-A^cy. 

LORD  Wnwofth,  m  ikobl^man  otf  ttoor'- 
ttptioeabte  charaSfccry     lixYi»C  ad<fteff«d 
iaif  Befit),  Luabton^  ia,  iioCwitl»il«tidiag  he 
■i  nxY  ^eaihk  ta  fe«r,     raj^^^ed,     fcecwfe 
«a  thinks  a  iecoad  iiisrHac«    Ikiehly  indeJi. 
Defp%ii\atof  I-*dy   Bcrty   l»i«  lord&ip 
kCaa&x  lut-^ajftci    CD    Adiis  Maccb- 
■wx,  a7oaa%Ud7  of  great  naerit,    who  hiT- 
i>f  Wft  har  p«ieQti,  and   her  bopea  of  t  forw 
««ae  «nh  them,   while  a    ctii»d,      bid  beta 
fap^«te4b3  the  tenerofity   of    Mr.  Cecil  and 
i-W^  B«n>,     Tatftb  Marchn>OBt   bh  Jori- 
^^^M»wcGte&  CO  hope  be  wa«  oot  unacc'ep- 
49^^    /OUD  iar  ha^ns  lotcrafted    helfcif  in 
ji^  i^Mvar  •ritk  L^y  ^tty,     wlaofc  infldencfe 
^iOw  %Aa^    »AarAm««t  Ite  alfo  intend!  tb  rc^ 

^^^  ilta:rry  Kcwlmrg  attcada  Col.   Rlvert  to 
CdlUcac  ^ia    aaaUat  lo   hi»   tnaH-i««c  with  hit 
%9  ^Uhm   his  iddrefft  w«i  Favoured 

.^  «o  the  CalaflcV^     wh6    beWng  |,ro- 

L  Mkia  ItteeA  ta  lAr.  SWft  y  (wba  by  the 

)b  iiwafti  ov  re  attached    to  Mi  it  March- 

ft)  %e  aocca  be^ev«ila<^  oo   tto  break  hit 

'^  ^  Sar  amy**  more  fpUndSd  ofler  j  be 

\  %na  Meem  for  Sir  ffarr^  «4  a  y^lOaUe 

*    bat  that  He  ii  not  at  liberty  to 

\  bun  Im  a  (on  io  Uwi 


Bcwaic  c »—  «M  — — — —  -  -  -  -    -  - 

-»»•    of  importanee,    which   her  L>dy{bi)> 
lw>faa  if  lo  tene^  hik  »dd»e<re«.     Mrt.  Hurley 
-       ^  ^  I  U  «caM^    e^r^ty.  di^cblty  by  hef 
\  «•  h»  Lofdihip  that  Lady  Betty  !i 
1  to  tHka  ta  htm  with  favour.    Thii 
;  h«r  tadyfllip    reje^  a«  indelicate, 
ucft  Hit,  B*rlcy  to  keep  her  pmit- 
irjiiy  iDfd  a  pro«ada4  fecrcr. 
Ibityac^aaiatt  Mr.  Coril  with  hit  in- 
r^^cmyiagoff  MiA  Rivers,    at  the 
•Ifofet  ^eir  aoioas    Cecii,    aficx 


ibme  beHtat>ony  approtu  hit  propcfalj  an 
prooiHci  hit  »fliflaj)ce.  Sir  Fiarry  Icrtii] 
hha,  Ctecil;  who  it  a  middle-aged  man,  an 
affe^  a  fiofultr  plainnefl  of  drelt,  declan 
bimfoiFtn  love  with  Mift  Marchmont,  an 
refdvet,  that  her  reje£Uon  may  not  reod< 
him  ridiculous,  to  (bund  her,  by  propofin 
b  friend  of  hit  own  age,  &c,  for  hier  holbanc 

Lord  Winworth  attebdt  Lady  Betty,  an( 
Intreait  her  to  influence  Milt  Marchmont  i 
hit  favour.  The  manner  of  hit  intrododn 
hit  re<)Qeft  having  the  appearaiUceof  renewtn 
hit  foiiciution  td  herfelf,  (be  givet  an  almoi 
implicit  confent  before  (be  dtfcovert  *tii  Mil 
Marchmont  to  whom  he  now  meant  to  offc 
himlelf.  Mrt.  Harfey,  bn  my  laily*t  retirin| 
being  made  acquainted  with  hit  lordlhip*t  in 
ttntion,  propofet  to  fet  all  to  rightt,  by  let 
ting  Mift  Marchmont  khow  the  trae  ftat 
•i  Lady  Betty *t  heart.  Thli  expedient  ia  ic 
Jeded  by  the  latter,  is  being  aUo  to  a  grei 
degrre  indelicate. 

Sir  Harry  croflet  thb  (bfe  with  Mift  Rifei 
and  her  maid  ^  they  are  followed  by  Colom 
Rivert,  who>  ilarihed  at  their  being  thu 
together  in  a  retired  paK  of  the  garden,  Hf 
tern  Ind  overbean  Sir  Harry  intrieat  Mil 
Rivert  to  go  oflf  With  himj  which,  afte 
iaTnt.  reiuOance,  (he  conlcDtt  to,  and  the 
appoint  a  phcc  of  meeting  in  the  evening 
The  Colonel  on  their  going  off  appear^  an 
exprefTet  much  tlifol^aAjre  and  conCtrn.  Ce 
ell  appears  With  Mift  Marchrnont  and  (oli 
cictfor  a  friend  of  hit  own  age,  &r.  Mil 
Marchmont  eiptetfei  her  concert  that  (h 
Cannot  liften'to  any  addfeff,  her  feart.  tbt 
(he  will  loofe  thcfr/endftlp  both  of  Mr.  Ceci 
and  Lady  Betty,  who  hat  propofed  I-ord  Win 
worth  to  her,  and  own«  a  prepofTeliion  in  fa 
tort?  of  Mr.  Sidney.  Cecil  reccivet  her  con 
fidchce  with  pleature,  decUret  he  it  not  ia  th 
leaft  difpieafed  at  her  reje^ng  hit  friend 
and  that  he  will  exert  himfelf  to  procur 
her  wiihei.  Lady  Betty  appeart  on  Cecil' 
^tng  oiF,  and  urges  'Lord  Winworth *t  fui 
to  Mlfs  Makcbfl)ont ;  though  (he  it  rejoice 
at  Mift  March0«oht*9  rejecting  hio,  berpai 
\iality  (or  my  Lord  occafions  hcf  to  exprel 
herfelf  with  warmth  in  his  favour  ai  an  un 
exceptionable  fuitor:  Thit  induces  Mil 
Mavchmont  to  ihiitk  (he  it  more  interefle 
in  bit  favour  than  Lady  Betty  will*  alloa 
and  (he  determines  to  ucrifice  ^tf^tXi  to  wha 
(he  conclude!  ii  the  earneil  wi(h  of  her  friend 

Ltdy  Betty  informs  Mrs.  Harky  with  muc 
pleafure  that  Mifs  Ma!rhmoQt  it  averfe  t 
Lo<d  Winworth*t  addrelTct;  Mift  Ma^cb 
mont  enters,  and  declares  her  d^ertfllni'io 
to  (acfifice  her  wifhctto  her  ladv(hipi  M\\ 
taking  much  pains  to  contimrc  Miff  Kfatch 
mont  (he  it  not  fo  eahicft  at  (he  in^agioe, 
Lady  Betty  \%  tedutfcd  fo  the  tle(neefy  of  U 
crificing  her  darling  delicacy,  end  acquain 
Mift  Marchmont  with  her  realwf^hes  \  whi^ 
at ihe it abouc*to dtr hs  lerdfMp  emert. 

Lady  Bcttjf  not  having  jet  opteed  her  re 

G  %  icnumes 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


5* 


Tit  MONTHLY  CHJWDNOLOGER.         -ptp. 


leiitimeAti  to  MI6  Mirchmont,  it  Ckiows  ip* 
to  the  greateft  diftreft  by  her  tcceatiii|^  4ho* 
«vuh  vifibic  r^u^ance,  hii  lordihlp*i  hMid* 
Miia  lUtert  comtog  with  her  m«id  to  th«  |ip- 
pointed  rendeiToui,  inflead  of  her  knrer  is  met 
^y  her  ^ther  t  A  moft  pathetic  fceae  cafiifs  i 
^fter  ezpofttihtiog  with  her  in  the  «oft  af- 
fectionate manner,  he  teilt  her  he  will  not 
f  tfer  to  deuin  her  t  Ht  even  pati  into  her 
jiandt  an  obligation  to  pay  her  A  noble  for* 
tune,  but  forbtdt  her  eter  after  eppcariog  ia 
^ii  %ht.  On  the  Coloncl*t  retiringy  Sir  Hir- 
ty  Newburgh  appeari,  and  telli  the  lady  ihat 
yvery  thing  it  ready.  She  dedaret  (be  wiU 
not  forfake  i)er  father  $  the  maid  advifet  Sir 
Harry  to  force  her  away  {  on  hit  preparing  to 
^0  (o,  ihe  breakt  from  him,  and  iSKiog  Mr* 
Cecil,  entreats  his  prouAion,  and  that  he 
will  not  {aff€r  Sir  Harry  to  foUow  hcf •  Ac* 
jcordlnglv  on  hit  attempting  to  do  fo,  Cecil 
oppofet  him  i  they  draw,  but»  after  a  few 
paflfety  Sir  Harry  it  convinced  of  the  Ibame- 
fulpartheit  ading,  pott  nphisfword,  and 
^  recencikd  to  his  friend. 

Sidney  having  heard  of  Mifi  Rivcrs's  at* 
tacbo^ent  to  Sir  Hany,  attends  the  Colonel, 
^nd  iledinet  the  propoTcd  match,  very  much 
to  the  difpleaforc  of  the  Colond.    Cecil  aad 


Idft.  Harlcy  hpfiqi  afVMinM  ^Mk  •(Jmt 
with  the  real  fentiibents  o#  the  kffers^.diey 
contrive  to  ismove  the  difllcnhin  a  ridiculow 
attentioB  to  aa  imagioavy  prqiviity  had  oott^ 
fioned.  Lord  Winworth  reeeives  a  nieflag^ 
from  Mrw  Harl«y  ia  Udy  Betty's  name,  da* 
firing  to  fet  him.  at  does  Lady  JBtttp  one  t» 
tbe  fsme  purp^ie  Aom  his  loidfliip.  On  thck 
mectiifg  Ladjf  Pf^y  i^  M  to  ttok:lln.  ita- 
1^  hat  given  op  her  fecrct»  and  dedares  lincef 
ibe  hath  thos  t^trafied  her^-Ae  will  no  jpnasr 
conceal  her  parti^^  fpe  his  loiMiip.  Uf 
Lord,  forprised  at  fo  voegcpoAed  a  dedamtSon, 
laments  eai:neftly  that  hit  onga|smeats  vtlb 
Mifs  Marchmoiit  prevents  hiS  happioeia* 
Cecil  and  Nfrs»  Harl^  bow  appe«r>  and  afccf 
homouroofly  ridicoling  their  aogiantic  dolica- 
cy,  which  had  occafioned  (o  mifch  c«pfuAa«^ 
introduce  the  other  diaral^ers  who  havt  heott 
l^it  to  rights  by  them  within*  Mv  LtP^  ^ 
freed  from  bit  engagementi  with  Mifi  Vf ssdii*  ' 
mont,  and  accepted  by  tady  Betty,  jcdni  the 
hands  of  the  former  with  her  fiivooted  Mr. 
Sidney  |  the  CotooeT  acceptt  Sir  Harry  fgr 
hia  iMi-iA*hw,  and  Cecil  declares  it  a  happi- 
aefs  lo  people  of  inch  refined  fisntiments^ 
that  they  have  friends  aboot  them  if  plahi 
nnderftaoding  and  commmi  ko^ 


THE  MONTHLT  CHRONOLOGER. 


Fit  I  BAT,  jfaa.  X.  Shroplh.  Idward  BottersH,  B(^}  Som.  Jolm 

waadrawn     HelKar,  E(q{  Suff.  Francis  Eld,   Efq}   SdFr 

in  the  ptc«     Ofborot  Fuller,  Efqj   Soothampt.  Chdoner 


f^]|^VfUMBER  30540,  waadrawn 
3^^"^Q  a  priae  of  loooul. 
N    flr  fent  lottery 


Tvca^AT,  xa. 

^"JC^W    Lord    Chamberlain's    Office, 

\m,  Mr^  fj-,  xnsjefty  hath  been  m^^ 
gradoofly  pleafcd  to  order,  that  tbe  couit 
jDOarnings  Hull  not,  for  the  future,  continue 
longer  than  one  half  of  the  time  which  hath 
hcen  ttfoally  obfetted. 

HsaTfOKft. 
FaiDAT,  X5« 

Tbe  following  gemlenun  were  appointei 
fiieritfi,  for  1768. 

Berkf.  Wm  Price,  £fqj  Bed f.  John  CsUr« 
Tfqi  Buck.  Wm  Creflwdl  Wentworth,  Efq] 
Cumb.  Sir  Gilfrcd  Lawfon,  barC  Cheih. 
vienry  Hervcy  Afton,  £(qj  Camb*  and  Hunt* 
Xdw.  Leeds,  Efq;  Corn.  Frauoceit  Kirkham* 
i:fq;  Devon.  W.  Ilbert,  ££]}  Dorf.  Ja.  Gol- 
lop,  Efq;  Derb  Sam.  Crompton,  Efq;  Eiles. 
^Rich.  Lomat  Clay,  Efq^  Glouc.  John  Guife, 
2Ciii  Hertf.  Lionel  Lyde,  ECq^  Hcrtf.  Richard 
; Gorges,  Efqj  Kent.  Rich.  Holfe,  Elqf 
Leiccft.  Edw.  Dawfon,  Efqj  Line*  Jofeph 
'Wallt,  Efq;  Monm.  Richard  Lucm,  Efq; 
Korthumb.  Bryan  Botrell,  Efqt  Nortbamp. 
•yho.  Powys,  Efqj  Korf*  Wm  Woodley, 
£fq;  Noctiqg.  John  Bell,  Efq;  Oaf.  Studey 
l^yntop,  Efq^  jj^utU  Ueary  Shidd»  £i^ 
5 


Bdmond  Lambeit,  Efi||  Yorldh.  Sir  Geo, 
Strickland,  Bart. 

SOU  TH-W  A  LBS. 

Brecon.  Thomas  Harris.  Efqj  CaraiartK 

Edw.  Parry,  Bfqi  Card.  Danid  Llogrd,  Eiqf 

Glsm.   Tho.  Bennett^   E(q$    Paab.    Joh» 

Griffiths,  Efqi  Radn.  J^bn  Trwnper,   B% 

NO  R  T  H*  W  A  L£  S* 

Angl.  Wm  Hnghes,  Efqi  Cam.  Robett 
Howd  Vaoghan,  Efq|  Dcnb.  Bdw.  Uoydt 
Efq}  Flint.  Edw.  Lloyd,  Biq{  Merino.  Robat^ 
Oodolphin  Owco,  £if|  Motttg.  Tlsomaa 
ThomaH  £(i|| 

Ended  the  drawing  of  the  lottery,  wheja 
No.  as 347.  as  UA  drawn  tidtet»  bccoflge 
entitled  m  40Oel. 

Mown  AT,  »S. 

Daoid  A%ood,  was  eaocuiod  at  Tybun^ 
for  murder. 

Ended  the  feffioni  at  the  Old  Bailey,  whcis 
Wm  Cayley,  lor  fiealiog  an  heller,  Patrick 
Swioey,  Timothy  Crawley  and  Wm  Hamil- 
ton, for  highway  robberies,  Thomu  Mit* 
cheoer  and  Charici  Davit,  for  burglary,  re- 
cflirfid  fsAteoce  of  desth,  u  Daoid  ^good  ^ 

hsiicaa^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tf6S. 


J2«  A4QNTHLY  CPRONOtOGER. 


$i 


>k>Acfefe,  lor  the  onrte  of  Wm.. 

iLUk]^  a  wiirlinw.  J^i^teen  wen  it»> 
^acstt  Kp  traa/jpocutioa  far  Cevea  jcan,  t«o 
were  bnadedf  two  ordered  to  be  piblickl/y 
fod  d|^t  iciffticl^  whipped. 

TstSDAT,    19.  ' 

Aa  houte  wai  ctofmrntd^  fire  near  Weft^ 
W>ftetAb^« 

T«wet»AT,  «U 

ifCkcap  wvdy  ia  the  rooei  ef  (Sit  SaommI. 
ntkftt,  torared. 

Tbejodfes  fnnber  heani  the  ce(p  of  .llr« 
C^hfap,  Uuly  eoavided  or  iorf  et^r,  00  a  (pe- 
«ui  vcnb^);,  aod  pranoooccd  h^  tuiit j.  (^ 
forvoL  fer  1760,  p.  isz.)' 

The  fnft  (See  our  lail  fk4.  p.-683.)xeii*. 
(iaocd  witb  gfcat  iieveritj,  till  the  jiihof 
ike  preheat  Booth*  e^  Added  eiCrenely  tm 
Jhc  diftrciles  of  the  poor  i  but  Chej  received 
fBB«  aUctuiuoo  ^m  the  hvmeiie  beiiew>- 
leacc  ci  niaai  noble  periiN>«,  ,  f  ejitkmeQ» 
lorhinrt,  capkal  tradef^k^^  corpotatioiM 
tad  pailihee*  lAuiy  peiioiM  ^eie  tioteo  t* 
death  in  towa  and  toi^atcy}  the  Thatoet 
wai  fiosea  ia,  aad  smch  dauufe  happened 
t»  the  flkippias  aad  (toMU  CMfft,  2ievefal  pet <«> 
iam  loft  thor  hva  ia  ikaitiof  aad  iUding,  ae 
afiaj»  aad  maaj  of  the  idie  ^0  mea,  or 
foppafi,  aboec  dM  field««  «broa|h  earrleiSN 
adH  .or  waat  of  fluJl,  ia  their  dMor^ooy 
weieluBed  bj<theif  owo  piiect. 

Accideatt  if  #arioBi  kinds  bate  depmed 
irrccai  pcribaf  of  their  4if^  maoy  mufdert 
.haje  baeai  coauaittedt  /bipwreckt  at  £aa  sad 
/■a  t^  cfeftf  l^ve  bcca  Iraq  uent,  end  tob«> 
hen  of  all  ^>^iefl  .\P3f  iaduAnout,  daring  the 

Sale  of  tho  q^ath. 
ya  apfecoud  for  holding  the  ieffione  of 
the  feacr>  Oyer  and  Tarnriner,  and  gaol  de* 
Sivexy  of  Hewgate,  in  tbeyetr  i-6t, 
QwJter  ficAoa,  at  Hiclu*t  H.J1»  Moadeft, 

Jaa,  lf»  Thuriday  14,  Old  Bailty. 
Qcocrai  ScAoa,  at  Hidu*»  Hali»  Moodiy 

Feb.  aa,  WedaeiiUy,  04,  Old  BaUcy. 
<WttUr  icAoa,  at  Hicki't  U«ll,  Tucfilay» 

Apni  iz,  Wcdnelday  i).  Old  Bailey. 
Ccaeral  Stflipa,  at  Hicka'a  Hall,  Taefiiay, 

AUf  17,   Wednefday  iS,  Old  Baiky. 

Qoarter  U&90,  at  Hicki*f  HaH,  Mondig^ 

Joly  4*  Wedaeiilay  6.   O^d  Bailey. 

Oeaeral  feflioa,  at  Hicki*s  Ha!I,  Mondty, 

Sept.  s,  Wedneflay  7,  OM  Bail^.- 

Qaaitcr  feffioa*  at  Hicki*i  Hall,  Moadaf^ 

06t  17^  Wedoc^  19.  Old  Bail^. 

Gtaeral  MBoo,  at  Hiclta't  Hall,  Mondfj 

Dm.  5,  Wedncfday  7,  CMSaitvy. 
Deyt  appointed  for  hokiing  the  geoeral  qutt- 
tcT  icftea*  of  the  peeeefor  the-ehy  and  li- 
berty of  Wellniofier,  .in  the  year  1768. 
Thariilay;  'the  7th  day  of  Janoary'. 
Tboridayf  the  yih-day  ^  April, 
WedaeMajy  the  a9th  day  oa^  June^ 
■Fiiday»  the  7th  day  of  October.    * 


.  ^!eMd  Kiogiale  im  Jaelaad»   19  beceoibcrg^ 
la  iuii  Si^  M  MilehoU  i»  CornvaJK  . 

JN  The  day  lleft  yoo  at  Mitchdl  nrited 
at  Padftow  before,  high  water,  £iiled  for  Corlfi 
at  three  o'cl#c|p  the  ikaie  a^ftaaooa,  and  tha 
aext  day  ac  (cnu  in  the  'atfcarnooo  made  tka 
Uaad  of  Xi^^k  about  thiee  league!  fi«aa 
Cork  Havboor  |  when  the  violence  of  tha 
ifieathcr  aod  ibe  want -of  day-jight  obliged  no 
to  make  tor  the  matt  eonoenientplaoe»  whkhr 
happened  10  be  at  the  Old  Head  ia  BuUaa 
Bay,  where  net  ba»o|  a0|uainted»  bad  ao« 
thia^  to  do  boc.piay  to  Cod  to  be  our  direAoc 
to  brii)g  oa  ia  fate  with  oor  veflcl  aad  lii^ei^ 
T^  far  1  got  fafe  to  anchor  at  three  qair* 
tert  paA  four,  being  almoa  dark  i  At  ooa 
oeleck  next  aioBaiog  I  weat  a(hore  tb  xgeC 
aftflanee.  in  eai«  occalion  ihoold  require  it  t 
but  had  Bot  beca  thcae  above, half  anhoar» 
when,  on  my  return  far  the  boat,  I  found 
her  cot  to  piecea  aad  carried  awray  by  th# 
country  people.  From  this  1  b^an  to  feat 
what  I  had  to  mtpc€t  i  however,  aa  the  vef« 
fti  waa  fafe  aad  fouad,  ander  ao  appaaent 
danger  af  being  bi,.  X  ooald  fcarce  belicTe 
that  any  attempt  would  bm  made  fa  rip  her 
vp{  but  from  that  time  'till  daylight  I  per* 
eeived  a  vaft  coocourie  of  people  gathering 
U>i(ether,  and  talking  in  their  own  laogvage» 
which  we  eoold  not  ia  the  Icaft  underlland  $ 
bot  giviag  a  large  guc(a  hafteoed  on  beavd» 
where  we  ftayed  antti  day-light^  at  whicit 
tiaae  the  tide  i«aT»ag  m,  and  nefeWtthiUod«> 
log  the  veiiel  -quite  found,  having  received 
00  damage  ftom  the  fee,  the  mob  fell  imnM* 
diately  on  her  with.axea,  piket,  iron  erowa, 
and  chifl*ela,aod  rippedhertopieceain  leia  than 
four.  boon.  ladeed  they  had  the  good  aiaa* 
aers  to  let  ut  ihare  with  them  for  about  *a 
hour,  doriDg  which  time  we'faved  the  mail', 
bowfprit,  boon^,  g^if*  maioCail,  jibb,  and 
rudder,  with  fome  running  rigging  of  fmall 
oaonfaqnea^.  They  then  grew  impatient  at 
our  having  any  ihare,  with  them,  and  jave 
;iao  and  my  men  notice  to  keep  our  dlftaiKe:^ 
which  I  refufing  to  do,  had  from  one  of 
■them  a  new  ground  axe  thrown  at  mr, 
which  happily  roided  me.  Thii  was  follow 
ad  by  (bowertof  ftone  at  hre  and  my  men^ 
which  obliged  ua  immediately  to  qott  the 
place,  and  feek  for  (heltar  bete,  our  lives  be- 
irtg  fhreateried-if  we  are  caoght  near  the  vef- 
iet. 

At  thii  place  1  applied  to  JufKce  BaUinf , 
and  Mr*  Deanit,.  a  notery  public  ;  but  all 
the  faiiafadion  I  can  geCf  i«  they  allure  me, 
as  many  a«  they  can  deted,  they  will  ccf 
tainly  punilh  to  the  utmofl  rigoor  of  the 
law.  Thia  it  the  melancholy  fitujcion  I  am 
in,  the  vbi^h,  1  fear,  will  infjliibly  break. 
my  heart,  bcforv  I  have  any  poffibilitj  of  fee* 
ing  my  native  co«ntf7  again. 

WxLi.XA;«  MaaTTN." 
Gjlway, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


54 


^  ^tl  Jia.  7.  A  irtnr  liiicomm«h  fn- 
toeeoftheiiKvcntyofthefroft,  wMobferv- 
^  in  ^w  Deifhbooriiood  tb^itma  oMtt 
^  On  a  fnuli  iongh  near  BtUrqutrk  in 
BjrecAinjught,  above  100  couple  of' dock  and 
maJUrd.  t«d  other  water  fow J  i.  were  frottn 
to  dctth,  wheie  tbey  were  oblerved  yefterdar 
••rmng,  &itd  to  the  iee,  but  none  of  th* 
^^7  people  would  then  tenture  ont  fot 

Dahlin,  Dec.  15.  About  bne  o'clock  in 
the  mflcmng,  .  fire  broke  out  at  Brockly 
W  v!?.  .  ?ii«^«  • /ounty,  the  fett  of 
l^^'^^^^PlJ<r:t^jn  (who  happened  to  be 

ooDfomed  the  fame,    with  p«t  of  a   new 

waa  liived,  but  00  life  waa  loft. 

iLvTb.i^^'^i!""'^"'  ""'^  caperfaucej 
Ihotthedoaor,   who  waa  not  fond  if  butter 

Si^U.  r  ^"T  ^.^•.  •»»<»^-»«ntio„ed 
JKklei  referred  dry  for  hit  ufc  5  which,  ai 
He  wu  mincini.  he  called  aloud  to  the  com- 
^oytoob-er^e  him:-*.  I  here  prcfent  yOn, 
my  Iwdi  aod  gentlemen  (faid  he)  with  a 
filht  that  may  henceforward  (erreyi.  to  talk 
ot  at  fomctWiog  cDrioiit,  m.  Thatyooiaw 
•n  arehbiAop  of  Dublin,  at  fourfcore^al!^  fe! 

1^/^     '-"^i^ng  la  a  prefcript  on  of  Dr.  Tay- 

hyftp  water,  mu  it  with  one  ooerter  of  • 
pound  ofdie  beft  clarified  hoo?,?  (hike  it 
ru^^V*"":  •"'  ^^'^  ^*  ^"^"•^^V  of  a  tea. 
« low  ornti  tak.ng,  retoifo  great  benefit. 


MxRRiAokS  W  BiftTiii, 


Jartl 


MAtiiAcxa  tfiTi/BxaTHs/ 
Jan.  4.pOLONEL  Thom.a  Shirley,  wo. 

♦T  1Jf7"r?-    .A****"**"  Weddeiburn,    Ei« 
to  Mif«   DawWSamuel  Jerman.  Efi,r  i2 

ron,  to  Mifi  Mary  Farmer. 

Lately.  Kt.  hon.  Lord  BUyoey,  to  Mift 
Tipping,  a  .ooool.  fortuneisir  Edmoid 
Wilfon,  bart.  to  Mifa  Arabella  WilkinSn 
Capt.  Browne,  to  ,the  Hon.  Mifa  AUen- 
Walter  Hawke^orth.  Ef,,  to  Mif.  Fan^ 

Dec.  30  Vifcouotefa  Town&emI  wm  de- 
ofTfoflL^"   ^^^  ^'^y'^^^    ^  I>"Wi^. 

t  ^'°*;^V^'^^°"n'«^»J^ne>Uh,of8fon--6 
I-a?y  of  the  hon.  Mr.  ByngTof  a  fonlTa* 
CouotcOi  of  Shannon  of  a  daoaht^ll' 
Counteftof  Elgin  Ufa  Ibn^  ««glitor-to. 
Lately.  Lady  of  the  J.te  Sir  EUi.  Cuo|i/fc 
of  a  daugh.cr-Lady  Staplctoo  of  a  daughreV^ 

of  Sott^b-Auaiey  ftrcoc,  of  a  (bn-^oumc£ 


of  Pomfret,  of  a  (bo  and  hiij-tady  Lfn  dfer/ 
H^   Of  .   i^^u'*'    **^  ■  daughter-Ladt^ 

t^' 2f^^datb^vr  ^^^ 

WhLh      u  t,«-f I*™™  Underwood,   o» 
Whhehurch,  Shropftltc,  El,j-C.pt   Th«i 

rSl  *?!"L*°"T*  "^  *''*  8<»«h-fe.  com* 
pwy-l8.  HentrLewi..  Ef,j  of  the  cuftomJ 

of  Ch.«p  Wirt,  ud  memlMr  for  Chippen- 

!!!?.^/L*'". """*«'?  »'  0»f«rt,  foci 
Bigot,  h,n.~Bi„„i CuWIam,  Kb;  w emU 
»e«d.ft,||.r,  who  M  «ned  f^i^ff    ^ 

«fth.cuflom.,„  3to.l.nd-A2dKw  Ridurd. 
STwiw,.*"'*'^*'  ««-M!chid  B.fn.ti 

-..  r.i!  '"'Si"  f"««>".  «B«hl-TlK^ 
»«Gjr«..,ofWanU|.,  B«k..  i(i„-.Wilt 

jucjerdjd  brhi.,N^f::;:'^irch«d':: 

''"»"■  *'?«  »  nncbajit— Mr.  Huddle,    i* 

Mn.  Rich«dfea,  iaogbter  •#  tha  laieemh. 
f«Pf.'»«"    Jo*"  Hobl».  I'.  „,.t,^ 

ft-.b><n  expirlng-Mr..  Worfl^,  fi«er  of 
I-«l  Gr„th«„     Mr.    p^  s,:7„.,  ^j^ 

by  fie  »dinir.l-Ed«wd  J>,«fon,  E&i  fe! 

EecmiA.TiCAi  Pitxrt«M«ii7.w 

Csnted  to  the  reflory  of  St.  tMir.nee.ia 
Wmch.fler-Mr.Thopi.  Edward.  toS^C 
•ngof  trodefle,,  Salop  -  Mr.  Georg.  T,«m^ 
to  the  reaor,  of  H^poole,  in  Nar.h«ipM,: 

P»«MOTroMi  GiTil  an/ Military. 
■  Fr<,mtb<L6Kt)0ti  CAtETTi, 

WAR  Gffiee.  ;.„.   6.     The  dake  of        . 
.  Gloucfter,  It  ippoinW  a  maidr  .*. 

foot  r'ud.._M^or  jinerU  Marra*.   colootl 


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1768- 


FOUEIGN    AFFAIRS. 


55 


^  th«  f  3th  fCfiiBcat  ^  <bol»  in  hit  room--* 
llsjoc  t»erfti  ArmftfMif ,  firfll  oobHul  of  m 
ktfT»'i(»  of  the  60th  rcfimeac  of  foot-^^ap* 
^  lUnil^oo  nujor  of  the  xSth  rcfimcm  of 
loot. 

Sc  JixBo*!,  Jus.  so.  The  e«r1  of  HilUbo> 
CMfb,  ind  Uie  Viiceoot   Wcymooth,   wort 
fwnk.  tvo  ol  tlse  ^ooipal  iMrctarict  of  ftaie* 
Trwm  thM  R^  if  tU  Ps^ru 

Rlchtfo  Rochford  Merrlo,  £A}|  u  ap- 
|euits4  Isewt.  col.  of  tho  3961  regiihtiitaAd 
yfUbam  FlcKmg,  Efq;  major  of  the  64th— 
iUcfcosf  To<M«  BSqi  (ecTCtarf  to  the  poft- 
oflirr  Pt  bos.  Richard  Rigby,  a  ?ice* 
^edbfcr  of  Irelaod— Mr.  ^chard  Jupp,  if 
cho(B  &rve|or  of  the  Eaft- India  company. 

j§k*rarum  im  the  Lift  off^rHamtta* 

TWEED  ALE.    *  ape.  Adam  Hay,  iathc 
moB  of  JohnDickibii,  Ei^} 


nC  HortonMiUs,  Berks, 
bvynaer  of  Junes  llreet,    flazler  and 


Fibofli 

JaacaAi 


T^iMlitli^,  of  Wwktaie,  TfrteiUrc,  dealer. , 
Bevy  asd  JoOa  SiiooH  Of  &a4u»p^  oicOfe,  ftaOle- 

kCrpen  tad  oarmert 
til  WW  I  M^cy .  cf  L^ondoo,  mariner  &nd  dealer. 

Siiitt^  Ml-  crfS«lOy>dealif-       ,  ^      ^ 

u  Wa^  cf  5c  Csorf^  Uaoovcr  fquare,  botcher, 
ilum  Cteke,  onUu«tC]^*  iftntt,  pocer,  bakffr, 

l&cBet  tachanlt,  oC  Hackney,  nprcbaot. 

Cesrce  Rarztren,  of  Bjuboiabttry,  merchann 

Eiwa^  Powter.  of  Aid^rlKatedreet,  baberdaAiah 

TW«iuLeiBb,  of.Corokili,  ftationcr. 

/aa^  Himmrf^f,.  of  Bil^pi^cc-ftreet,    finder- 

'  taiBtf  baker. 

Ftad.  HertoA^  o#  Condole  ftreet,  )eweMer. 

nnnfcwn   A^f**^'*■1  of  Bartholomew- lane,   fcrK- 

—  Boysand.  of  Skorctttcck,  encler.  . 
■■yi^  orXidderoitbAer,  mercer  and  dealer. 

FOREICN    AFFAIJCS. 

NOTHIHG  c^   mpre   plainly  fliciy 
the  eJfc£b  of  eothoAafai  than  the  fol* 
levinf  account  ftom  '    "  ' 

'  Densark,  Dec  ag.  '^thin  theTe  fe^ 
yeara  a  /et  of  Beopl#  have  been  difcoyeped 
Bete,  teined  with  a  fiiorder  of  mind  that  if 
mtteaiclj  dai^oroos  Co  fociety.  This  it  att 
Jarapnationy  tna^  hy  committing  premedir 
tited  mortbcr^  and  being  afterwards  con^- 
ilemoed  to  die  for  it,  they  are  the  better  able| 
^  pohlic  nsrkt  of  repentance  and  coo?er 
ioo  as  they  ^  to  the  (caSbld,  to  j^epsf^ 
themfelTes  for  death,  and  work  oot  their 
own  inlMtion.  A  Itctte  while  ago^  one  of 
thtfe  wretches  martheicd  a  child  oot  of  the 
fame  principle.  Jn  otilcr,  however,  to  uko 
fiom  thefe  wretches  aU  hopo  vf  obtainifjg 
^eir  end,  and  to  extirpate  the  tvil,  th«  king 
iflocd,  ofi  the  ij'Ji  of  thSs  mooth,  an  ordi- 
maace,  by  which  iiis  mJjel^  forbids  the  du- 
•Aiog  tfiem  with  dcaih  }  tod  ena£b,  that 
^  ihaU  bt  brooded  as  fht  forbad  with  a 


hot  iron*  and  whipped  }  that  they  ftall  after* 
ward  be  confined,  tor  the  reft  of  their  days^ 
|o  a  houlV:  of  corredion,  in  ordor  to  be  kept 
there  to  \iard  labour  ;  and  laftiy,  that  eveyy 
yrar,  on  the  day  of  iheir  crime,  they  ihaii  be 
whipped  a*  new  in  public. 

WarraWyDcc.  8.  In  the  fittings  of  the  a  tft  of 
laft  month^  the  Prince  Primate  laid  before  thd 
national  confedeca^  the  following  points, 
aft.  That  the  law.  Rex  (^stho/icui  efie,  (bouid 
he  confirmed,  ad.  That  ihe  right  of  ele^ng 
a  king  ihould  be  oaaintaioed,  without  ever 
ihewing  any  regard  to  hereditary  right.  3d. 
That  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  ihould 
be  mainuiaed  at  all  times  as  predominant. 
4th^  That  the  king  (hall  never  have  a  right 
to  alienate  any  eftates  belonging  to  the  repob- 
lie.  5tb,  That  no  perfon  what(bever  ihall  be  . 
liable  to  be  confined  without  having  been  firft 
liieard  before  a  court  of  joAico,  and  previovfly 
condemned.  6th»  That  the  Liktrum  Vetc  ii| 
matters  of  ftate,  fliall  be  prefe/ved  in  iu  full 
fxteot.  yil^.  That  the  re-entering  into  pof* 
ieilioJi  of  chargu  and  dignities>  bedewed  by 
the  kin(,  ihall  t»)te  place  fimply,  without 
the  leaft  cpBtradi^kion,  without  any  pretext 
that  they  depend  on  t)ie  repahlie.  ^  Sth, 
7h%(  the  free  exercife  of  diyioe  worflup  Ibalt 
fuflfer  nq  reflriftion  in  any  lefpcA*  9th, 
That  tha  prerogatives  of  the  cities  Aall  bo 
maintained*  loih,  That  a]]  privileges  ihall 
he  rtgiflercd  tjiree  months  after  they  are 
granted,  i  xth.  That  no  afiair  of  Aate,  that 
has  been  onre  reje^cd,  ihall  bp  brought 
•a  the  carpet  again,  lath.  That  it  ihall 
he  lawful  to  fell,  or  make  over  by  tpray 
of  inheriUnce,  any  lands^  tp  the  burghers 
and  huibandmen,  and  that  the  fiate  vaflahgo 
ihall  be  fupprefTed.  i^^th.  That  all  foreign* 
ers,  who  /hall  iiava  Uvesd  ten  yeatfl  itt  tho 
country,  4ball  be  reputed  citiaens.  I4th9 
That  the  Jm%  cadnam  ihsll  bd  granted  to  the 
king.  15th,  That  provifion  ftall  be  made 
that  the  great  cities,  foch  as  Cracow  and 
othen,  (hall  en]oy  again  a  feat  and  vote  in 
the  diets.  And  i6th.  That  perfons  of  ple« 
belao  eztra^lioo  ihall  be  invefted  as  hereto* 
fore  with  places  in  the  afleflbxial  courts  of 
juftice. 

But  we  ihall  (bon  be  able  to  give  a  more 
authentic  account  of  theCe  points  4  for  by  the 
left  mail  we  are  told,  that  they  are  now  drawn 
|ip  into  the  form  of  a  treaty  between  Ruffia 
and  thje  repoMick  of  Poland,  which  tha 
f  rinte  de  Repoio,  the  Rui£an  ambafTidory 
has  lent  to  Mofcpw^  in  order  to  have  it  r»« 
tified  by  her  imperial  majefty. 

Vienna,  Dec.  30.  Our  court  hath  received 
from  that  of  Madrid  fome  difpatchea  relativo 
to  the  choice  which  the  Catholic  king  waa 
defired  to  make  of  one  of  the  archducheifes 
to  be  queen  of  Naples  j  this  choice  hath 
fslien  on  the  Archdocbetf  Caroline,  who  is  « 
year  and  ibme  months  younger  than  the  lato 
Archdttchefs  Jofepha  w^s.  The  formality  of 
demaadiDg  her  roytl  highnefs  in  marriage 


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5« 


FO<tElGK    AJfFA-lJlS. 


for  h\9  S*fc9!t]i  nnijenyiiifl  Juft^eeiiinade)^ 
^nd  the  p0rtT«ir  Of  thzt  montrch  k»^  ^a 
pftTented  to  'C^e^pBiiceft.  The  departure  cif 
the  princefi  for  Inly  ilvili  take  place  towtrdf 
^tefprbgy  is^bM*  tvtbe  ^blic  ro^t  ^lulfbt 
pifltble. 

Madrid,  Dee.  r*  The  cotmetl  htr  ittit  t^ 
sU  the  archbifliopt,  ^(bopi.  md  «ther  prt^ 
latei  of  tbii  kingdodi,  ^  tttcol^  letter,  writ^ 
ten  the  i|th  of  April,  176^^  bjthe  UftopoF 
Coenca,  to  the  Kiog%  CooteSor,  #bich  ler^i 
ler  wae  full  of  conpl|iDfi  igjAntt  hie  nu^tC* 
fy*f  goTeroroent  and  Nifl  nrioiftry^  and  agamft 
the  Confeflbr  bitnfelf.  This  circular  letter, 
which  if  prhited,  begins  i»ith  the  copy  of  a 
Ibhedde  addreffbd  by  the  ktog  to  tl^e  bifhop  oif 
f^uenca^  on  occa6on  of  that  prelate*!  letter* 
ffii  ma^fiy ^a  fchedule  it  at  foUow»  t 
The  Kiirt;. 

«« Reverend  Father  in  Jefui  Chnft,  Bifhop 
^f  Cucnca,  Member  of  my  cotancil. 

My  confeflbr,  m  ordrt"  to  actjuir  hit  con* 
fcxeoce  and  mine,  hai  communicated  to  me 
the  letter  that  yon  wrote  him  in^  a  tranipoit 
of  your  seal.  Yotr  fay  in  that  letter,  that  rfai|i 
kingdom  is  mined  by  the  petfccution  of  the 
church}  that  you  have  foretold  thir  niin»  \>vlt 
that  the  truth  had  not  made  ita  Waf  to  nt^ 
cart,  akbough  my  Confeflbr  waa  not  the  only 
perfon  you  made  ufe  of  to  convey  !t  to  mt.  *I 
aflure  you,  that  all  the  mitforCunea  tfar^ 
migKt  befall  me  in  ^ii  world,  would  af)e4 
my  heart  left  than  ihe  unhappinefeof  the  peo^ 
jfU  whicR  Olid  haa  entrufted  to  me ;  I  love 
them  as  my  own  children',  and  Tdtfirefl0thisf|; 
more  ardentVy  than  their  advantage,  their 
eafe,  and  theff  pmiperity.  Bnt  what  afil  At 
me  mod  ii,  that  yoa  Ihould  fay  to  my  ConfeiJ- 
for,  th*at  tike  chmch  if  ^perfecuted  in  my  ca* 
thelic  dominiont )  thatit^i  weahh  if  plnnder^ 
cd,  it*s  minifteia  abnfed,  and  it'l  immuni- 
ties trodden  under  foot.  1  ginry  in  laebg  the 
eldefl  fon  of  fo  holy  and^  good  a  mother  )  no 
title  does  me  more  honour  than  that  of  Ca- 
thoHc  i  I  am  ready  to  fhed  xny  blood  to*  main- 
tain it.  But  fince  you  fay  that  the  light  hat 
not  reached  mv  eyea,  nor  the  tmth  my  ean>  I 
wi  A  you"  vrouid  let  me  know  in  whit  confifti 
this  perfecution  of.  the  church,  of  which  I 
im  n<A  informed,  on  what  oceafiont  lier  goods 
have  been  piUaged,  her  miniflerr  affronted, 
nhd  her  faered  immunitiet  trodden  under  foot. 
V^hat  other  canal  befldet  that  of  my  Conftflbi 
have  you  made  ufe  of  to  enlighten  ne,  and 
what  are  the  motfvet  fihich  oblige  yon  to 
write?  You  may  explain  yourfclf  frrely,  by 
following  the  oprighcnefs  of  your  intentions, 
and  your  pious  ftanknefi  upon  .every  thing 
Ihat  thif  important  matter  requires,  in  order 
that  1 0ay  enmine  and  dive  into  it,  and  (a- 
ratify,  af  1  ought,  the  obligation  th^t  God 
has  iropofed  upon  me.     I  ezpeft   from  yohr 


■ttnckment  t»an%  and  Iron  the  te^  that  atif« 
■latea  yon,  that^yon  will  kC  nt  know,  in  m 
pardbtilar  maoneiv  ymir  grievajMos  ageinft^  ikr^ 
govaaamesc^  it's  want  ^plpiy  and  fuligiot^ 
and  the  wrongs  they  may  have  caoied  to-tln^ 
•hnreb  $  hti  havie  noticing  ft  much  at  haart, 
aa  the  takinf  of  wiia  and  prudeor  meafiorci^' 
and  of  rendeting  tdi  tkc  ckmch  and  her  oa^ 
niflersy  the  refpc^and  thi  vaneracion  that  i» 
doa  ta'thon. 

At  Anojaoi  tht  t^dr  of  May,  f  7*74 

(Signed)  I  the  Kiiro* 

Florence,  Dee.  14.  (^  tba  ift  intattai^ 
nigbf,  a  fire  brake  out  at  iIm  hoafr  of'  a> 
«>run^»  ^hicbln  a  few  hoarv  confomed  6» 
other  honiea.  Amottg  then  waa  ooar  be-* 
IpogjngtQ  a  fhewnao^  who  Jkad  fieveralnnW 
mals  there  intended  for  the  eoiQ^ats  of  wild 
beafls.'  The  fire  havings  confUmad  I  fUble,  im 
Stbiob  were  two  lions,,  one  tige^  av^ 
three  bears„  tbafit!  voracioaa.aniinala  H^*iii^  j 
fiuious,  and  efcapipg^out  of  the  £)ace  of  thet^ 
confinement,  fell  upoi)  the  multitudey  and 
traveried  ihe  whole'  city,  dverturniog  avety 
i^tng  in  tlftir  ffay.  Ill  te  iniit,  tfia  di^ 
founded  with  the  cri^  «f  thcf^anhtp^ 
wretches  i»b6  became  their  '  pref .  '  A  ban- 
dred  men  ware  coautfanded  to  give  ebace'liaL 
th^cm,  wMo  happily  killed  two  beara,  onv 
liont  9od  the  t%ar^  bnt  the  oiher  lion  c#Pa^ 
ped.  As  foon^as  day.appeared,  we  ikw  witS^ 
terror  the  dreadful,  ri^age  made  by  the  fira^* 
but  fiill  more  that  by  the  wtld  beaib.  It  i^ 
reckoned,  that  a  hundred  people  are  killed^ 
MdajwiiQb  greater  number  luirK 

Tfhi  m/«  oh  tBi  Jfarry  beavtMi,  wmf^  .Aa 
nrara  ffolijkd^  the,txplttrvit  hi  €xfm.gi^,  mid 
ihe  mkafkrg  more  aVtnded  t§,  Mnd  it  will  tbui  be 
mferttd.  ^:\k9  na^Asr  finm  wcij  tmfMt^  rftH 
itijk.    '  ,       .        V.  f       .     . 

'    Tbt  efftMmlum  m  tht  nuptish  $f  IXr-^,  i$ 

Wt  art slvmtfMid  toUhjht  tcrrtfftmims 

trnfrtiboiiir  cf  Nor/tiki  but  bit  Utt  Ithtr 
tutbing.  nmo  fn  it, 

Ctvttoupieft  bu^  tht  ba£t  U  tto  fturUtfuw 
hfirtiom.  '  ^ 

Tht  tltgiac  vtrftt  tn  Mr,  £— ,  tho*  tiJfeSii^ 
Matt*  srt  me  fttictt'^Tbt  wrfu  from  ff^idr^ 
inrth^  art  UM  if  tht  Jftmt  tbjtffioM,^~'iif 
fj^eh rtnmmentM  bj  Sjfa,  in\ur  next, 

P.  P,  P.  put  »s  /•  thi  e^ptmc*  •/4  d,  fir  hi 
mit  I  but  it  vfut  not  worth  tbf  moment  a'  be  wlA 
now  perceive,  and  mtiht  have  known  by  turning 
ft  p,  536.  but  the  itch  of  writing  wns  uptn  him 
mnd  it  Uuld  wot  help  fettinr  pen  to  pefer^ 
Dyche*i  tr  Entick*tjfei/ing  dtctionariu,  srt  rt* 
Ctmmitnde^  at  guidtijor  httt  imfutun. 

The  Thtatricai  Inteiligenctr  in  tur  next  withr 
OutfaiL  ff^ettkre  ob/igedio  pofipone  it  tu  tbif 
Review  of  BooU  rtfuirtd  ft  fuucbroom. 


^  Mr,  J.  B.  tht  curatif  luriter  of  a  tttiar  hour  Ma^fyr^i^imhtr^p,  dot.  r^^ 
fins  to  bis  diflrtjfis^  is  defiredto  call  upon  R,  BaUnmst^  im  Patir^fitr  Ro^4  ffftvl^m^ 
if  fig  afcertaias  tbf  fcUir  $birfiir /atedf  ho  may  bom-  of  fomtking  to  bis  advantage. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


mm 


The  London  Magazine. 


gentleman's  Monthly  hitdligencer  \ 
For     F  E  B  R  U  A  R  Y~i7^8. 


T|ii  RtfTisH  Trcatke  59— fir 

AccoQOt  of  Liond  and  ClarifTa  62 

Broadilreet  and  Corah  ill  Wards  dcfcribed  64 
The  Hiftenr  of  the  laft  Scfllon  of  Parlia- 
ment, &c.  ^c.  65—69 
HoaghtOD-Hall  dcfcribcd  f  9 
And  th%  Paintingi  there  70 
Mn,  Henky's  Scat  at  Docking  71 
Mr.  Srjlexnan*s  Seat  ibid. 
And  Mr.  Fountainc*s,  dcfcribed  7Z 
Tnxr  State  of  the  late  Changes  Ibid. 
S  TaJc  in  p«int  73 
Tli;rd  Lctiur,  from  RounVau  74 
Dr.  Fochergiirs  Retnariu  on  the  Cicuta  75 
Aaecdotcs  of  Jamelbnc,  a  Scot*  Painter  76 
And  of  the  famous  Le  Sage  77 
Hiftory  of  a  new  rifcn  Ifland  78 
Travels  in  Siberia  79 
Drcfs  and  Co  ftom  1  of  the  wild  Inhabitants  80 
Oura^er  of  Ignatius  Loyaia  81 
Virtues  of  Tan  fey  S2 
Medicinal  Ul'cs  of  Camomile  83 
3ark  of  the  White-Willow,  a  Subft'tute 
for  the  Perovian  84 
Remarks  on  ihc  Vi£lualling  Ctatracb  85 
A  carious  Difcovery  §6 
Iron  and  Steel  Manufactures  in  Danger  ibid, 
A  Word  on  the  Ladies  Heads,  &c.  87 
L—  C— 's  famous  Speech  88 
To  the  Author  of  the  ConfeiCoaal  90 
On  Eph.  ii,  3.  -'  r  ;  -  91 
Theological  Qucrict            •    r            91,  gj 

With  an  fcc^rat«  Plan  of  ^roadstrzct 
Cbsrchea  %  aad  a  Reprefentation  of  the  S 

of  $ODTn*CAtOX.IN 


Remarks  on  the  Bouoty  on  Cor-.  95 

Opinion  of  the  King's  Phyllci-*..!  and  Sur- 

gtfons  in  rejgorJ  to  the  Sutions  Practice  94 
Rcfclntion    and    Order  of    ihc     Houle    j^^^ 

Co»nmons  ~  pr 

Account  of  ihe  Mud  Tnguana  cii 

L-ptter  from  JMy.  Robertlbn  97 

Poetical  Assays  ^8  —  102 

An  Imijncc  of  Fortitude  ics 

ShiiJ  News  Extraordinary  IC3 

further  Account  of  the  Eruption  of  Mount 

Vcfuvi'js  2C4 

Paper  Jatcly  handed  abeut  ic  5 

An  iir partial  Review  of  new  Publications 

i05— 114 
Cattle  of  the  Wigs  105 

Mr.  Walpole's  Hlftoric  Doubts,  &c,  106 
Cafe  of  Jane  Shora  107 

Cl)ar:i<^cr    and    Bebavlour    of    the  famouj 

PaoH  i«8— ni 

Efiayon  the  future  Life  of  Brutes  i  iz 

Piayhoufc  Squabbles    '  iliJ. 

Two    Letters    from'  Lord  Bathurft    to    Ur. 

Swift  ,ij_i,- 

The  Monthly  Chronologir  ir<; 
Marringci  and  Bi/th?^   Drdths  \  t% 

FccIenalHcal  Preferments  ihid. 

Promotions  Civil  and  Military  ibid. 

BinkruptPj    Co urfe  of  Exchange  1:1:?, 

Fo  R  E I G  N  A  r  r  A I  a  5  tig 

(Monthly  Catalogue  of  B«oks        ■'  iS\l. 

Stocks,   Grain  3   Wind  and  Wenthcr  ro 

and  CoxNHT&L  Wards;  Vtrws  of  Three 
raiK  oi  Linn A^9,  or  Mup-1n6vaKA^ 
A  5  aU  finely  engraved. 


LONDON;   Printed  for  R.  Baldwin^  at  No.  47,  in  faternofler  Row  }' 

Qi  whoa  may  bt  li»dy  compieat  Sets,  from  the  Years  173a,  to  this  Time,  neatly  bound  or 

ftitched,  or  any  iingle  Month  to  com pletk  Slit. 


■^ 


Z  W  W  Z  ^  5       *^     .  '^^  ««  ««  W  «  ^'  P4  w  W  OT  ««  CO  00  «^ 


'urn 

■St;    M  «  M 


"^V(^? 


>,      ^^      He*      «^  >,*«i»H<«H<tH^Hj*-4»  ^^      Ht-+3He* 
'„    ♦-1  «    t*>  *^  ^  •n'o    m  r«^  r*  ««i  «<^  r^-S    «^  tn  m  r<^ 

•^  C/1  Cfl 


THE 


London   Magazine^ 

For     FEBRUAR  Y,     i768. 


THE   BRITISH    THEATRE. 


FGH  the  dif. 
feniioni  between  the 
rj^tentcesofCo* 
tGarden  Theatre 
I  been  carried  to 
^  It^  fach  a  vehement 
^wi  length,  as  to  prodtkd 
^**"^  appeals  on  both  fides 
to  the  awful  trihimu  of  the  public,  Mr. 
Coliaan>the  a^og  manager,  has  nevdv- 
^cle6boen  indefatigable  in  promoting 
the  cotertainment  of  the  town,  and 
a  new  caakoAj  called  the  Gwd-natwred 
Mmm^  wvittea  hy^  Dr.  GoMiinith,  the 
cekbratcd  author  of  the  Traveliir,  has 
been  towght  out  fioce  our  laft; 
tat  we  are  forry  to  fay  the  fuccefs  of 
thii  piece  no  way  anfwered  the  very 
wann  ett>eftations  which  were  enter- 
Uincd  or  in  i^erit  by  the  world  i  eve- 
ry body  naturally  looked  for  an  ex- 
tzaavdinary  pModion  from  the  maf- 
tariy  kaod  wiudi  enriched  the  repub- 
lic of  letters  with  the  IPtv/hi^  of  Soci- 
4y  $  yet  it  is  too  meUncholj^  a  truth, 
that  every  body  who  cheriihed  this 
fagotae  opinion,  waa  nnhappUy  dif- 
^ipoiatcd  when  it  made  its  appearance 
i]pon  the  ftage> 

The  defign  of  the  G^$iLnatMred  Mom 
it  traly  laudable  i  it  is  intended  to 
i^colcate  the  piinciplee  of  nnifcHat 
taivolcooe,  yet  at  the  fame  time  it  is 
akvbted  to  fhew  the  dangerous  con- 
leijoencet  of  that  benevol^ice,  which 
is  udilcrifoinately  ihowered  upon  the 
worthy  and  the  undeierving ;  which 
u  frMOcntly  iiniaft  in  order  to  be  fre- 
ifoeotiy  generooe,  and  which  moft 
commonly  diibbliges  every  body,  from 
coo  eafneft  a  Ibtiatodo  to  cnnge  the 
«tteas  of.all*— ^BotoKS  Sir  William. 
Hbneywood,  one  of  the  chara6ler8,i 
laysp  *<  There  are  ibme  faulu.  fo 
4MtW  allied  to  excall^as^  that  we 


can  fcarce  weed  out  the  vice  without 
eradicating  the  virtue.**  This  behng 
the  cafe,  it  \%  greatly  to  be  lamented, 
that  a  produ^ion  upon  fuch  a  plan  it 
fo  imperfedtly  executed,  as  to  afford 
but  little  hope  of  correcting  the  mad- 
nefs  of  good- nature,  by  maintaining 
a  rank  in  the  lift  of  our  a^ng,  or 
ftock,  plays  at  the  theatre. 

It  mult  however  be  confefled,  for 
the  honour  of  J>r*  Goldfmith,  that 
he  ieems  to  have  erred  much  left  tbtx>* 
a  want  of  real  genio»  for  the  fta^c*, 
than  through  an  accountable  partiahty 
for  the  humour  of  Mollere^and  other 
celebrated  writers  of  the  Iflt  centtiry* 
— In  his  preface  he  fays,  **  WTicn  I 
nndertook  to  write  a  comedy,  I  con- 
feis  I  was  ftrongly  prepofTafled  in  fa- 
vonrof  the  poets  of  the  laft  age,  and 
ftrove  to  inutate  them.-— The  term 
genteel  comedy  was  then  unknown 
amon^  us,  and  little  more  was  defir* 
ed  by  an  audience  than  nature  and  hu- 
mour, in  whatever  walks  of  life  they 
were  moft  oonfpicuous.  The  author 
of  the  following  fcenes  never  imagined 
that  more  would  be  expefted  ot  him, 
and  therefore  to  delineate  chnrader 
has  been  his  pfincipal  aim.— — Thpfe' 
who  know  any  thing  of  compc/ationt 
are  fenfible,  that  in  pursuing  hiunour 
it  will  fometimes  leaa  us  into  the  ro^ 
ccfies  of  the  mean ;  I  was  even  tempt- 
ed to  look  for  it  in  themafter  ot  a 
(pongin^-houfe :  But  in  deference  ta 
the  public  taii^  grown  of  late,  perhaps, 
too  delicate,  the  fcene  of  the  baibfBi 
(ajcnf  nobicb  gave  gnat  offinci  ibg 
firjSni^t)  was  retrenched  in  the  re*, 
prefentation~fn  deference  atfo  to  the 
ludgmentof  a  fewfnends  who  think 
in  a  particular  way  the  ficene  it 
here  reftored.  ^«—  The  author  fub-^ 
qiits  it  tp  the  fcad^  iahias€U>fet| 

Ha  w  an* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6o  The   Br  IT  IS 

and  b^ptt  tliAt  -too  much  reiuieinent 
vrill  not  banifh  humour  and  charadier 
from  ours,  at  it  hat  already  dcbe  ' 
from  the  French  theatre.  Indeed  the 
French  comedy  is  now  become  fo  ve- 
ry elevated  and  fentimental,  that  it 
has  not  only  banifhed  humour  and 
Molierefrom  the  ftage,  but  it  has  ba- 
nifhed  fytBa^ort  top/" 

Though '-there  U  much  reafon  to  be- 
lieve, that  the  concludin|^  alTertion  in 
tbe-foitgoing  paragraph  v  aftogether 
apocryphal,  the  caf^  i« .  neyerth^left 
widely  different  witit  the  Englith  ftage,. 
for  highly  to  the  honours  ot  the  pre- 
font  tifpfs,  :i>0:  pieces  receive- any  en- . 
couragement  iVom  u%  which  iune  not 
eyidently  written  in  favotir  of  man* 
lity,  and  which  do  not  moreover  in 
thci  fable  roateritlly  intereft  us  for  the 
fate  of  fomt  principal  ^hara^ers.-*— 
The  comedicsof  Drydeo,  Wycherly, 
Vaiibrugh^  9nd  Coni^reve,  notwith- 
ftanding  the  Jux^nancir  of  their 
wir,  aiid  the  abundaoce  of  their  hu- 
iBoury  are  almoft  bani(hed»  and  in- 
deed baniflied  very  juftly  from  the 
theatre }  we  have  too  much  •  under- 
Handing,  thJink  God.,  in  fchefe  times  to 
be  chArmed  with  obfcenity  beca^fe  it 
n)ay  be  brilliantly  expreffed|  and  we 
hiive  too  muqh  fliaane  to  encourage  the 
infamous, licentioufnefs  of  the  literary 
blafpb^mer,  who  fbrnierl)r  dared  to 
crack  his  jeft.  upon  the  divinicy.i  ■  n 
This  is  a  jefiaement  of  modem  tafte  $ 
but  furely  apcn  to  which  morality  has 
fuch  oblig^ttonn  ta  it  has  to  Dodor 
Goldfrnith^s,  will  not  argxie  that  our 
refinement  has  been  carried  too, far} 
cr  affirm,  that  jour.tafte  becomes  dfl- 
praved  in  prviportioii  as  we'  maaifeil 
an  averfioa  to  be  profligate. 

The  friend  of  humour  will  howe- 
ver fay,  that  there  caa  be  no  harm 
whatfoever  in  oireulating  the  univar- 
fill  laugh,  provided  this  hpgh  is  cir- 
culated with  iottoceacei  granted;  but. 
furely  a  writtrr  Who  underukes  the. 

Soft  difficult,  the  moft  noble  tafk  im 
e  whole,  circuit  of  literature,  (hoald^ 
^pireto  (amethin^  of  a  pofitive  ex- 
cellence in:  his  work,    and   not  (liel-. 
ter  ItimXtlf  .  poorly .  behind  the   ne» ; 

fativa  7  flMtr|t  of  bain|r  eiitirely 
armlers.4«-«Xhe  great  end  of  the- 
ftage  fhould  be  to  mingle  infbtiftida ; 
ki  iuch  a  manaer  with  anuii^ 
meiit,  u  conftantly  to  intereft  the < 
^po&fUors   ia.  thfe.  joauft  of  vtrtqe^ 


H  Theatre. 


Feb. 


aad  abilities  fi>  exteniive  as  Dr.  Gold* 
fmith's,  are  bnt  meaal/  employed, 
when  they  labonr  more  eameftly  to 
promote  a  f(nilb,  than  to  advance  the 
moft  exalted  purpo^  of  humanity.— 
Dr.  Goldfmitb  has  Ulents,  he  has  extra- 
ordinary talents,  and  had  he  been  lefs 
attached  to  the  now  almoft  exploded 
dramatic  writers  of  the  laft  century, 
he  would  doubtlefs  have  produced  a 
work  no  lefs  honourable  to  himfelf 
than  advantageous  to  his  country} 
but  ,hit  paflioA.for  humour,  has  bwn 
too  ftrong  for  bis  |ood  ien^,  and  he 
has  carried  his  admiration  of  il  to  fuch 
aii  extrava^hce,  as  fcarcely  to  ^ave 
a  circumfbmce  in  his  piece  which  can 
lay  any  uncjueftiottable  claim  to  thts 
title  of  originality.'  The  charac- 
ter of  Croidcer  for  inftanC^,  and  all 
the  incidents  relative  to  Leondna 
and  Olivia  he  has  bdrh>wed  front  Le 
Grondeur— The  Good-n&t(ired  Man, 
he  has  uken  from  Eii'Ami  tout  h  momdi 
---Loftyy  1^4  every  thing  that  relates  to 
htm,  from  Limportmtt  ae  la  reirr,<-4Iia 
bailiffs  are  to  be  found,  and  batctr 
drawn,  ih  Racine*s  Les  Piatdmrs  }  the 
fcene  where  th*  Good-natured-  Man 
efpoufes  the  diivrent  opihiona  of  Mr* 
and  Mrs.  Groakek*  is  the  dhly  thing  in 
Moliere*s  L Avon  m\Adti  Fieldiaghas 
not  tranllated  i  and  the  fcene  where  4m 
foUdts  Mifs  Richland  in  favour  of  hit 
friend  Lofty,  will  be  fotttd  in  £r />t^« 
patmr  by.Dr.  Touche. 

Charafter  aiid  humonf  aretndoQbt* 
ediy  veryeffehtial  liequSfttea  in  drama- 
tic tooipdition,  where  they  itncreaio 
our  amufement,  or  add  to  oir  inftmc- 
tioni  but  the  writer  who  thiakt  llo- 
thing  be^det  tht(h  two  ingredienta* 
mt  nece^ivry  to  fupport  the  reputation 
of  his  niece,  will  find  himfelf  mifithi* 
\oXj  mmafcte^hea  he  fubmits  it  to  the 
ferious  confidciralion  of  the  public.^—' 
Imuft  again  repeat,  that  mtftreft  ts'the 
very  effisnce  of  writing  in  this  walk  of 
literature-^  we  cannot  *ht  ihHrO^ed' 
at  a  theatrical  i^pfeftntntion,  onlefs 
our  paffions  are  a/ih^ed ;  tfitt  picture 
muft  be  lifeleft  whicb  1^  not  talctt^ 
lated  to  work  nnon  our  hearts,  and 
Sbakefpear  hivhddf  wiovM  h»  ibaheely 
fnperior  to  the  nufchineft  riiat  con^ 
trives  a  pantomime,  if  an  unnwaninr 
laogh  was  all  lie  mcctted  {n  his  «iadw- 
tors, 

Havingi  thna  tonfideved  t!)e  Go6d^ 
Mtuted  ItfaA,  with  Jtiin  afttetttiott 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ThI  llRfYtSil    TrfkATlLB: 


4768. 

tkadwi^  flMPUM  pcHiafis  hate  ilMihi  to- 
svmer  of  kit  reptttattoa  thm  Dr. 
Gatdfnikh,  ive  fluU  now  tuako  an  pb-^ 
kmM  ot  tip»  apoa  the  prologue^ . 
viBch  if  written  by  hu  very  Utmtd 
fiiead,  Dr.  Johnfim,  et  it  hal  been 
oentioBed  with  ttnciommoQ  admiira^ 
tmbr  t^  friends  of  iti  fOfdy  celei 
hntcd  aether— ^Tis  juftly  remarked 
tbt  norhiiig  can  erer  be  btautifbliA 
ifrioitt  pieces  of  poetry  wfaitbit  not 
eridtotly  founded  opda  good  Anfe  1 
if  tkis  be  the  cafe,  as  we  ai«  apt  to 
think  it  is»  we  are  extremely  apprt- 
henfite  that  the  prolegne  under  our 
confiderttioB  if  m«re  indebted  to  the 
dtinitioQ  in  which  Dr.  Johii(<Mi  Is 
ttnif crfdly  bdd,  than  to  an  eKtmordi* 
naiy  merit  which  can  be  attributed 
to  this  particttlar  performa0ce#  In 
tbe  firft  places  he  endeavors  to  chaw 
acoopiriibn  between  tiie  fituatibn  of 
9  poet  on  the  firft  night  his  {^y  b  re- 
preieotcd,  and  the  fituatimi  of  a  eaa- 
dkhte  for  parlfamient  at  the  time  of 
a  geaffsl  dedion— *This«  mihappOy 
(k  0o&or  Johnfooy  was  recently  done 
b]r  aa  aothor  infinitely  his  inferior 
both  ia  erudition  and  abiKtieey  in  the 
fr(AfigattoiheWid9w^9Y(n  fothat 
fie  hh  riot  eten  thir  ckdm  of  origina- 
Ihrtobotfti  and  then  at  ftnr  the  good 
^k  of  bis  little  cempofition  we  beg 
leate  to  fabmit  tt^to  the  cOnfidetmtioa 
Q^oorrtadM*^ 

Prti  b7  tiie  had  6f  life,  ^e  weary  mind 
^OTHp  the  geiieral  toil  of  hnman  kind  | 
>rith  coolfiibfflUEoa  ioins  the  hOMMr. 

bgtim, 
Aad  fecial  forrow,  lofet  half  ill  pain  t 
OaranxMorbard^  without  OMUfuimy 

mav  (halt 
Thh  buftiing  ieaibfi's  ej^dentic  ove. 
IJl^  Qsskft  Pikyt»  dignifyM  by  htt. 
Toft  in  one  common  ftorm  with  aH 

ihegrcail        '      ^ 

I>STOahfce»  thelbrtefikiattaad  thewit, 
^'^heo  one  a  borouxh  conrta.  and  one 

thej^t 
Theblifycandidatesforpowtrandfamey 
^^^  hopes,  and  fears,  and  wiihes,  toft 

thefaSei  ' 

Diiabled  bothtb  cmnbat  or  to  %v 
Moft  heir  aU  tauhce  asKi  bear  wttlroM' 
„«P*y.  [their  rage 

l^ochcckMenbot^  loud  rabbles  ^ent 
j^aoagreb  bay^e  laon  in  acaget 
Tb*  offeiMled  bm^ft  faoBrds  his  ani 

^pyt»b  .t«yr*ii» 

Fgribat  hleft  year  lAmi  aH  that  vot# 


6f 


Thdr  fdiemef  of  fplte  Itopoef  s  foee' 

difiniis  [mayhife.^ 

Tin  that  glad  night  when  ril  that  hatw 
This  day  the  powdered  curls  and  gbl«* 

dincoatf  [^rote** 

Stye  fwelling  Cdfptn  brg'd  a  cobler*a 
This  night,  oar  wit,  the  pert  i^pccn* 

tite  cries* 
Lies  at  my  feet,  I  hib  him  and  he  dies* 
The  great,  *tis  true,  can  charm  th^de6t«. 

ing  tribe ;  [bribe. 

The  bard  may  fnpplicate,  bat  cannot 
Yet  judffM  by  thole  whoft  Tcnces  ne^^ 

were  lold,  [gold  r 

He  feels  no  want  of  Hl-iierfuading 
But  confident  of  praift,  if  praffe  be.dae« 
Trufts  without  fear,  to  merit  and  to  you. 

Withooj^  remarking  particolariy  on 
the  verfification  of  the  foregoing  pro-^ 
logne,  whichi  to  fay  the  truth,  is  noc 
uncommonly  excellent,  we  muft  ki- 
treat  the  reader  to  tell  us  the  meaning 
of  it-^  In  one  place^  Dr.  Johnfon, 
with  a  politeneft  of  a  very  extraordi* 
n«y  nature,  fays^  that  on  the  poetaa 
wen  as  on  the  ftatefman 

L0iuLrabUij  (thu  h,  the  aodknce) 

As  muMgrels  bay  tbg  iim  m  m  ri^. 
In  another  place  iays  the  prologue  wrK 
tert 

Tifbniibf,  mr  nuU^thi  ftti  ^iffftmkM 
criis 

And  in  a  third  place  we  are  told, 

n^  great  ^tk  trui^  am  thsrm  th*ikS» 
ii^  tribe ;  [bribe** 

Tbe  hmd  ma^fitppUcatet  hm  emmet 
From  thefe  paflages  an  onreflefting 
reader  would  be  apt  to  think  the  poor 
poet  in  a  very  raifemblelltuatlon  i  and 
he  might  alio  be  apt  to  imagine  ^tho 
Umi  rabble  f  tbe  pert  apfrentiee^  and  ac- 
knowledged poverty,  very  formidable 
enemies,  for  an  author  to  entounter 
——But  if  we  only  go  on  a  little  far- 
ther, we  ihall  find  our  good  natur*d 
apprehenfion  is  wholly  without  foun- 
dation, for  their  neither  is  a  hudtah^ 
ble^  nor  a  pert  apprentice  t  on  the  con- 
trary, tbe  audience  are  the  beft  natnred 
people  in  the  world  $  and  the  h^ppy 
bard,  fofar  M>m  wanting  monciy  to 
bribe  with,  is  to  be     ■  ■ 

««'— JudgM  by  thofe  #hOfe  voices 
•      «<  ne*er  weit  fold,  [gold, 

**  He  leeW  no  want  of  ill-perfuJ^ding 

.  <<  But  confident  of  praife,  ifpraife  be 

••  doe,  [to  you.'* 

^  ThilU  wMicutfeari  to  merit,  and 

For 


Digitized  by'VjOOQlC 


fo' 


A<:C  O  UNT    O  F 


•^cb* 


':  Fdrthctredftof  Dr.  Stmuel  Johii^ 
fen,  at»thor  of  the  Rambler,  we  hope 
tiiat  his^  name  it  only  ufed  at  the 
bead  of  the  prologne  to:affiftthe  £ile 
c^  the  book ;  and  yet  we  fear  this  de- 
licious morfel  is  attually  his  writing} 
becanie  had,  it  been  happily  other- 
wife,  hit  good  fenfe  would  hare  led 
ftimto  diibwnit  long  fince  by  a  pub- 
lic advecttfement. 

.  Covent-Garden  tbeatre»  as  well  at 
^rury-Lane,  fince  the  publication  of 
jaur  laft,  has  brought  out  a  new  per- 
formance ;  The  Covent-Garden  piece  ^ 
IS  a  comic  opera,  by  the  celebrated 
Mr.  Btckerftaff,  author  of  Love  in  a 
ViHage,  which  was  performed  on 
Tburfday  the  asth,  with  univerfal 
»pplau(e,  and  promiiet  to  be  at  great 
m  favourite,  wuh  the  town,  at  aay 
other  production  of  that  elegant  wri- 
ter. The  Drury-Lane  Piece  it  a  tra- 
gedy by  Mr.  Murphy»  on  the  famous 
»ory  of  2enobia,  which  hat  given 
Crebillon  fo  6ne  a  field  for  hia  tra- 

fic  powers,  and  furai(he4  Metafta- 
o  with  fo  delightful  a  fubjea  for  an 
opera.— «— In  jullice  however  to  Mr. 
Murphy,  we  muft  obferve,  that  he  hat 
1^  borrowed  a  Angle  circumftance 
from  cither,  and  it  will  be  but  jufticc 
to  inform  our  readers,  that  few  mo- 
dern produdlions  have  met  with  more 
apprc^tion,  or  mor6  richly  deferved 
it. 

A  iti  t%  *■  ift  A  ^  -^  -•  ■^-  •^  -»■->--*■  -^  -*•  -»>■  *■  -♦-♦-  *  -»■  ti  A  A 
^ '  V  I' T  T  T  T  W  T  W  T  V  T  T  '*"  T  ▼  T  T  T  ■»"#■  ■*' 

Sami  Account  •f  Lionel  and  Clarifla.    A 
Comic  Opera, 
PERSONS. 
Sir  John  FJowerdale      Mr,  Gibfou^ 
Colonel  Oldboy  ShuUr. 

Mr.  Jctlamy  Byor* 

Liooel  Mattccksm. 

Harman  Mabopn. 

Jenkins  DnafieM^ 

WOMEN. 
Diana  Mrs,  Baker. 

aarifTa  Mift  Ma^kUn. 

Lady  Mary  Ojdboy        Mrs.  Grum. 
Jenny  Mrs,  Mentocks» 

fl^H  E  opera  opens  by  a  cooferpfice 
X  at  breakfaft,  .  at  the  ColoQert», 
i^etwecn  bim^  Diana  and  Jenkint,-a 
faithful  old  fervant,  and  ftewand  to 
Sir  John,  fent  to  requcft  the  favoorx^ 
the  Colonel  and  hit  lamily*t  company, 
living  at  a  mite  or  two  diftant«r*^be 
Col.  (an  old  rich  siinorout  wag,  ai  well 


at  a  claret  toper,  not  over  pteafed  with 
his  foh*«  prodigality)  is  vaftly  puffed 
up  with  the  fprightlmeft  of  hit  daugh- 
ter Dy^  and  can  fancy  nothing  but  m 
dutee  for  hen— *Mr.  Jeflkmy,  fon  t« 
the  Colonel,  broutrht  up  under  the 
tuition  of  Lord  JeSkmy,  brother  to 
Lady  Mary,  a  gaeat  beau  ^1a  imode  i 
whofe  quality,  efhite,  a^^name  of 
Jeffamv,  he  fhUt  heirte;— His  father 
pr»po(et  him  to  marry  Clariiby  a 
very  amiable  yomig  lady— this  vifit 
it  intended  to  bring'mattert  to  a  crifiSy 
bat  ClarifTa  flatlv  n^ufet  him,  havims 
adready  difpom  of  her  affediont  in 
favour  of  Lionel,  a  promifinj^  youth 
(upon  a  viilt  from  the  nniverfityy 
and  very  ihidiout)  fiipported  and  edu- 
cated by  Sir  John,  and  intended  for 
holy  ordert.— The  beauty  of  thia 
foene  fiairly  ihewt  the  author  of  L«ve 
in  a  Village.  After  CUrifia  hat  de- 
clared her  fentimcttts  to  Lionel »  he 
mutually  difeovert  bit  paflion  without 
referve— hot,  after  rcfle6Kng  What  A 
diiappointment  it  would  be  to  her  fia- 
ther"*  hopes,  an^  how  it  would  MaK 
the  confidence  put  in  him,  intreatt  6f 
her  to  -accept  of  JefFamy  s  This  i« 
overheard  by  Sir  John. 

Lkmel,  Sir  John  Flowerdale,  Madam, 
it  fuch  a  father  as  few  are  blefled  with  j 
his  care,  hit  prudence,  hat  provided 
for  you  a  trtatch.  Veor  refuGd  ren- 
ders him  inconfolable,-  Liften  to  tio^ 
foggefHont^  that  woofd  penrert  you 
from  your  duty,  hut  make  the  worttyl* 
eft  of  men  happy  by  fabmilting  to  hi4 
will. 

Oa.  How,  Sir !  Af^er  what  pafled 
between  uayafterday  evening,  can  yoa 
advice  me  to  marry  Mr.  Jeflamy  f 

Zimti  I  wbbld  advife  you  to  marry 
anyone,  Madam,  rather  thao  a  w- 
latn.  ^'    ' 

Cla,  A  villain,  Sir? 

iMMil.  I  ihould  he  the  worft  of  ^U 
laoM,  Madam,  waif  I  totalk  to  y&at  in 
any  other  (train  i  Nay,  am  I  noc  n, 
viliain,  at  once  treacherous  aild  m* 
gra^efnl  ?  Received  into  thit  heufe  mo 
an  afylum}  what  have  I  done!  Setrayod 
the  confidence  of  the  friend  that  trirfb- 
ed  MM)  codcatfonred  to  iacrifiee  hU 
pcaoe,  and  the  honour  of  bit  faavly,  to 
myowa  imwarrahtable  (USir^, 

da.  Say  no  waorti'  Sir ;  fky  no  itiorO| 
I  fee  my  error  too  l^fbei  I  have  parted 
from  the  rulet  prefcribed  to  my  fmx  c 
I  have  mi^aken  udecoruhi  for  a-  laia  J 


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17^. 


'Lion at  and  Clarissa; 


6S 


^^kiacerity  $  aad  it  is  fuft  k  ^louSd 
mm.  mtth  the  trrarmmt  my  impra* 

Lmmd.  *Tis  I»  and  only  I,  am  to 
Uanei  while  I  to^  advantage  of  ^£i- 
tba'tkauity^  Ipra^iied  apon  theten- 
demek  aod  m^^enuity  of  the  daughter; 
my  omu  imagiiiatioti  msgont  aftn^, 
I  aftfioDy  laboored  to  lead  your's  after 
it;  B«t  bcrey  Madam,  I  give  yoa 
bade,  thofe  yomt  whkh  I  infidiou^ 
cxQifted  €roBi  yon }  Keep  them  for 
fiMnc  hawicr  man*  who  utaiy  jeceive 
choB  without  wounding,  hit  hooon^ 
«rhispcace« 

Jenny,,  a  dntiful  cfcatore*  (fi^^vant 
10  danfla)  haviog  oome  t*  the  hoow* 
ledge  of  her  iniftreli^a  jpaiBon  for  Liov 
ael  i  dropa  foinc  hintf  to  her  oracle 
Jealantj  which  he  informs  Sir  John 
ofi  and  occafioBS  his  oi^crbcaring  tbea^ 
hawc  ierioni*  bnt  heamifoi  diak^e.-^ 
And,  taking  them  at  a  little  ncAipldi. 
M^Kes  the  .IbUowing  principle^  of 
formide,  Ip^yfoent  fn^  the  ienth- 
oKJttsof  tbegenmiityof  fond  fiuherai. 
— ^After  acfnainthig  them  be  fa» 
overheard  all  X 

£r  Joim.  Am  fat  you,  Clarifla,  Unoe 
yov  carfieft  infiuicy,  3ron  have  known 
no  parent  hot  mei  I  have  been  to 
yon,  at  once,  both  fiuher  and  mother^ 
aad,  that  I. might  the  better  fulfil 
tkok  united  dotiei^  though  lefta^wi* 
dower  in  the  prime  of  my  dm,  I 
wonld  never  enter  i|Mo  a  iecond 
aurriage.  — I  loved  you  for.-  your  Jtko^ 
aefii  to  your  dear  mother  $  but  that 
matfacr  never,  deceived  me  i  ■  ■  and 
^lere  the  likeoeis  faib  ■  ■  yon  have 
repaid  my  afie^on  with  diflimulation 
— J  CuriflSi,  yoa  Ihonld  have  truh- 
cd  aae. 

.  ir  Jahm»  Am  for  you,  Mr.  Lionel, 
what  terms  can  I  £xid  fkroof  enough  to 
paiat  the  cxceis  of  my  friendlhipj — 
1  ioped,  I  efteemed,  I  honoured  your 
£uhcr  &  He  was  a.  brave,  a  generous, 
aad  a  iiaoere  man  ;  I  thought  you  in- 
beriscd  his  good  qualitiesi-  ■  ■  yon 
vere  left  an  orphan, ,  I  adopted  you, 
put  ypo  upon  the  footing  of  my  own 
ion  i  educated  you  like  a  geatkman  i 
ixid  die%oed  you  for  a  piolieffipn,  to 
vhicfi,  I  thought  your  virtues  would 
kave  been  an  ornament.  What 


raioni  you  have  ttdidtmt,  you  feem 
ta  be  acquairtted'  with  youHelf  $  and 
therefore  I  IbaU  not  repeat  itw 
Vet  remember  as  an  aggravation  -  of 
your  guilt,  that  th^  laft  *  mark  of  ray 
honncy  was  conferred  upon  you  in  the 
vety  inftaat  when  yDu  waft  undermN 
ning  mydefigns.  Now,  Sir,  T  hav% 
but  one  thing-  more  to  fay  to  you*-^ 
Take  my  daughter.  Was  (ke  worth  a 
miUion,  (fae.isatyour-fervice.  ^ 

Then  follows  what  we  might  expe^ 
Sir  John  proceeds  ' 

Btr.yobfu  You  have  not  erred,  my 
dear  daughter,  you  ha^  diftingaiifh^k 
It  is  I  ifaottld  a(k  pardon  for  this  Httit 
trial  of  you  ^  for  I  am  happier  iil 
the;  fon^n-law  yoa  have  gfvcn  me> 
than  if  you  had  married  a  prince.  ^ 
.  i>iana  having  carried  on  a  lecret  cOfi> 
Jiei|iondeace  with  Harman,  a  youngef 
jbnof  family  f  who  followed  het 
while  in  London  t-  ^  af^iiittftd  exctiih 
comes  to  bar  fathers,  and  hfTmuatikft 
-himfelf  into  his  ^ood  graces'}  with  a 
idea-^-that  he  ii  hi  love  with  4 
young  hMlyhard  by,  and  the  ftther 
«efules  tor  ceown  their  vAdies ;  Thh 
colonel  ioiiftsupon  his  ttiktMg  a  tri(s 
witb  herti  ol^iges  him  to  make  u(b  of" 
hit  poft^chaife,  4rtd  write*  a  iMel* 
himftlf  to  the  unknown  lathet.WhTcll 
at  laft  proves  to^be-histolonelflifp. 
I  :  [f9firee  up9tt 9m$ier\  that  tubicb nxm 
pwifiiwsreami^thr^tyaffi^tiptifi^^ 
dommoHt  m  mankind  \  (>and gineraUj  at^ 
Undid  mntbfiieb  faud  cmfequences)  fito 
/  hope  thU  ftrUdng  ixamfU  ^wffl  bnve  k 
-gwJeffta^  hy/brwing  fbinbfkpdity  ^k.^ 

Aiterwards  the  .yoangf  Oon^ei  its 
iiippofedi  relent^  (but  no^^^fon  ex- 
prtSed  to  bethb  occsfficm)  return', 
•and  .go  to  Sir  }ohn%  where  they 
meet  the  Colonel^  Lady  Mary  (a  pra- 
ting lady  of  faihion,  whofe  delicacy 
.can  cocrefjiond  vmh  nobody  but  her 
AiaUow^brained  fon)  and  Mr*  Jeftamy. 
After  a  (hort  dial<^ue  the  matter  i» 
£urly  rtoon^d  by  the  intereft  of  Sir 
JohnFlowerdale  $  and  both  parties  art 
fuppofed  to  be  happy  though  M^ 
Jefllamy  ia  ofiended. 

Upon  the  whole,  this  performance 
is  Iklie  inferior  to  the  two  well  receiv- 
ed comic  operas  of  Love  in  a  Village* 
and  The  Maid  of  the  MiU. 


•  Sir  John,  M  Jhart  timi  hftrtthis  inStrviiWi  tffvrt  b\ma  fmfdltjiaii  bi  hai 


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64 


Comhill-war4t9    njaitb   4m  metwrmH 

BR0AD-STR£ET.W*ARD,  it  fb 
'  call^l  froiB  that  ftreet,  which  it 
^  part  thereof*  and  before  the  fnre  of 
London  vas  prohahly  remarkable  for 
ars  breadth*  It  i^  bounded  on  the 
^aft  and  North,  by  ftihoprgat^rwardt 
on  the  Weft  by  Coleman-fieet-ward, 
and  by  Cornhiu*ward  on  the  Sduth* 
The  ftrec ti>  knet ,  to.  are  fo  clearly 
marHed  in  the  pdao»  at  to  need  no 
fnumeradon  here.  In  this  ward  are 
fyi  churches }  AUhallowt  in  the  WaU» 
,$UFeter't,l6Poor»  St:  Martin's  Out- 
wicht  St.  Eiemitft  Filik»  St.  Barthoio^ 
jnew,  Eychange,  and  6t.  Cbrifto- 
^her's.  AUo.  four  balls,  Tiz»  Can* 
•penters,  op>  ^e  South  of  London*  wal^ 
PraperSft  iit  Throgmorton<rftcect$  JVlcr*- 
^ant-Taylors- haU,  in  Thread-needle^ 
.  Jki^et,  ^t\A  Pinners^^all.  The  other 
principal  ,pabUc  buildings  are^  th^ 
Bank  of  England,  6outh-iea  houfit, 
^%  chief  Penny-roft  ofiice,  and  the 
JPay -office.  Of  the  churches,  '  ^ 
X  %4  AUballows  in  the  Wall,  is  a  ree- 
fory,  in  XM  gift  of  the  crown,  and  the 
Hhurdi  one  pf  ihoft  that  efiaped  the 
grpitfire  in  s^64.  Valoetothe  rec- 
1^,  about  %%  \%  per  ann.  Veftry,  all 
Ihat  have  ftrved,  or  fined  for,  offices ) 
IwQ  church  wardens,  «4J  houfes* 
/Vugroeuution  from  St.  George^a  Bo- 
(olph  Lane,  and  St  Martin's  Orgars, 
4L.  per  ann.  each. 

2,  Sts  Peter's  le  Poor,  in  Broad- 
^reet,  is  a  reffaory^  in  the  patronage 
,9f  the  deM  and  chapter  of  St.  Paut% 
Value  tp  Jthe  redo^  about  13d.  per 
iinn.  The.  dturch  cTcaped  the  fire  of 
Lopdoni  veftry  general  ^  two  church 
wardens,  14.1  m>mes$  augmentation  to 
.th^  pariih  Qf^..Botolph's  Aldgate  ^ 
JOS.  peirann. 

3.  St.  Martinis  0«l#ich,  in  Thread- 
«ieedleftreet,  is  a  re^h>ry,  in  the  par 
jtronage  of  t}m  Merchant-Taylors 
company,  value  to  .  the  incumbent 
/ibout  6oL^r  oBH^  This  church  atfo 
^reaped  th&  <headfui   fire  of  ii66. 


Atumtrf  Broadftreet  Ward.  ]feK 

.Vetry  general  \  two  churchwarden! } 


and  about  fifty  hoities;  Augmeniation 
to  the  pariih  of  St.  Botolph's,  AlderiL 
f^te,  fix  poui^perihui. 

4.  St.  Bennet  Fink,  in  Thiead^nee- 
dleoftreet,  is  a  curacv,  and  t  donative 
jn  the  patronage  pf  tne  dean  and  chap* 
ter  of  V^ndfinri.  mdue  to  the  cunte 
about  I X  5!.  per  ann.  The  church  was 
burnt  in  the  fire  of  London,  and  (jnce 
beautifully  rebuilt.  Veftry  general  i 
two  churchwardens,  ^SiKxires.  Aor- 
snMirarion  to  St.  Botolph's  Aldgate  «. 
^os.  per  ann.  '  . 

5*  St.  Bartholomew,  Exchange,  is 
ftredory>  in  the  g^  of  the  crown, 
and  the  church,  being  deftiyiyed  in  the 
great  fire  of  166^,  wu  handibmelv  re- 
tbuiU.  Valoe  to  the  redor  about 
4ilol.  per  ann.  Veftry  general}  two 
•chttrchwardenst  ia4ltouies.  Ai^gmcn- 
udon  to  the  pariih  of  St.  Andrew's 
Wardrobe  xeL  par  ann. 

•  6^  St.  €hriftopber%  in  Thread- 
jicedle^ftreet,  is  a  reAory,  in  the  gift 
i»f  the  bifliopaf  London,  value  to  the 
jnftor  about  %fA\.  p?"  ann.  Veftry 
general }  two  churchirardens,  ^x 
ioiifea.  Auemeaiation  to  the  parQh 
of  St.  BoColpbVBlQMipigate,  fix  pounds 

Srano.  The  church  isaa  darned 
the  fire  of  London^  .but  was  weU 
iiepairad  and  beaotified. 
..This  ward  his  aa  alderman,  bia  de- 
:pu^,  nineodurnmunon-coiKicthnen, 
ten  4onftablea,^  eight  icatieiigerst  fchir* 
-Ifitil  wardmote; hqpqueftmen/  aofla  bea- 
41ei  .The;  prelent  aldermaii  ia  Sh 
ThomaaiUwliaibn,  knt.  the  deput) 
.Mr.  Henry  Kent)  the  other  Vooimon- 
councilmens  MeflV  John  Cotterel, 
Jknj.  Bonnet^  John. Ellis,  Jofaw6te< 
phens.  Ret.  Nich.  Frifquet,  Nath 
J^rrou^,' Rtehard  Wkid(br,  Francu 
JMagnos,  and  John  Poultni^. 

This  ward  if  taxed  to  the  fiftoentl 
an  London,  at  a/l.  in  the  Exche^uei 
.»5l.  Tbe-  juryman'  returned  -  by  th< 
•Wardmote  inqueft,  ferve  in  the  (eve 
(ral  courts  in- Guildhall,   in  Auguft. 

There  watch,  <every  night,    at  tht 
ftands  in  this  ward,  a  conftable,   th< 
beadle  and  thirty  watchmen. 
iCotHbiU-WMni  in  §Mr  ffftr/«l 


.THi 


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f76S: 


The  Hiftory  of  die  laft  Scffion  of  Parliament^  (^c. 

fhtHifhfj  wftbe  Sefim  tfFmrTttmtift  tvhitb  h^an  Nov.  if,  tySS^  hting  tbtfixth 
S^tm  tftbe  ^^eftb  PdrJuuiiefrt  ^/'Gi^t-Britain,  'uritb  an  Accmnt  ofaUtbe  wa» 
itriai  ^mfiiffms  therein  determined^  and  tftbe  PUitieal  Dijputes  thereby  9Ccafiom4 
mnfhnm  I>dtrs,    Cmetimudfivm  p.  24. 


ON  ttoc  «7th  ©f  May  the  bill  wa< 
rca<i  a  fecoiui  time  attd  cofnmit- 
ttd  to  a  cornxnittee  of  tbe  w|iole  hcmfe. 
Or  tlw  s<^  ^  Jon^  *^  ^o^^  refolred 
ideif  into  the  faid  committeey  went 
through  the  bill  with  fereral  amettti* 
■fini»  and  ordered  the  report  to  be 
ihca  receivtfct,  whkh  it  accordingly 
«■§,  nod  the  hitt  with  the  amend- 
acftta  waa  ordered  to  be  printed.  On 
the  iMi«  die  bill  was  read  a  third  time, 
piftd,  and  Mr.  Onflow  was  ordered 
10  carry  it  to  the  lords,  and  defxre 
their  cotorrenee,  which  their  lord- 
Ihipt  were  pleafed  to  s^rant  without 
any  amendment,  and  'it  received  the 
rml  aflent  by  commiflion  on  the  29th 
at  Jvne. 

On  tha  S4lh  of  May  leave  was 
^vcn  ta  bring  in  a  biN  for  the  far- 
Char  quieting  and  eftabltfliing  corpo- 
satiofits  and  for  rendering  more 
fpecdy  and  elTeSfaal  proceedings  in 
writs  of  Qiip  Warranto,  and  informa- 
tiaas  in  natnre  of  a  Qj^o  Warranto, 
and  proceedings  in  writs  of  Manda- 
aoa ;  and  (iereral  learned  lawyers,  to* 
gether  wkh  Lord  George  Sackv^le, 
w&c  ordered  to  prepare  and  bring  in 
the  iame.  What  was  the  deficp  of  this 
bOI  does  not  appear,  but  fiicli  a  num- 
ber of  hard  names,  I  fuppoTe,  alarmed' 
the  gentlemen  of  the  houle;  therefore 
on  tbe  third  of  Jane,  after  the  bill 
bad  been  prefented,  read  a  fecond' 
ttxaCf  and  committed  to  a  committee 
of  the  whole  houfe,  it  was  refolded, 
that  this  Itoafe  will,  on  this  day  three' 
months,  reiblve  itfelf  into  a  committee 
of  the  whole  boa(^  upon  the  faid  bill  : 
la  the  mean  time,  that  is  to  fay,  on 
the  sSth  of  May,  there  was  leave  given 
to  bring  in  a  bill  for  regalating  the 
praceedingt  of  public  companies  and 
an^x»rations,  trading  with  joint  ftocks, 
in  the  dfcs  therein  to  be  mentioned  ; 
and  that  Mr.  Dyfon,  Mr.  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer,  and  Mr.  Jackfon, 
do  prepare,  and  bring  in  the  fame. 
Oathe  1 4th  of  June  Mr.  Dyfon  prc- 
fented  the  bill  to  the  houfe,  when  it 
wa<  read  a  firft  tini;e|  and  ordered  to 

Feb.  176!. 


be  read  a  fecond  time,  which  It  ani 
on  the  1 5th,  and  committed  to  a  com* 
mittec  ot  the  whole  houfe ;  after  vhich 
it  paifed  through  both  houfes  in  conK 
mbn  courfe,  and  on  tbe  29th  of  Jana 
It  received  the  royal  alTent  by  commit 
£on,  being  now  intitled.  An  a^far  re^ 
jrulating  the  proceedings  of  certaiii 
public  companies  and  corporationa 
carrying  on  trade,  or  dealings,  with 
joint  ftocks,  in  relpe£l  to  the  declaring 
6f  dividends  ;  and  for  further  regula- 
ting the  qualification  of  members^  for 
Toting  in  their  refpe^ve  genend 
courts. 

I  fliall  therefore,  becaufe  of  the  con* 
nefHon,  give  a  (hort  abftrafl  oftheia 
two  afts  together,  beginning  with  tha 
liaft  as  being  the  moft  general ;  the  pre- 
amble of  which  fets  fortb,^  that  by  vir* 
rue  of  divers  a6ts  of  parliament,  and 
of  royal  charters  founded  thereupon^ 
Certain  public  companies,  or  corpora^* 
tions,  have  been  inftituted  for  the  pur- 
l^fe  of  carrying  on  particular  trades 
or  dealings  with  joint  ftocks ;  and  tha 
management  ot  the  affairs  ,  of  fuch 
comoanUs  has  been  vefted  in  their  ge« 
nerai  courts,  compoled  of  the  mem- 
bers at  large  of  fudi  companies  refpcc- 
tlvcly ;  in  which  general  courts  every 
member,  pofte/Ted  of  fuch  ihare  in  the 
ftock  of  the  company  as  in  and  by  the 
faid  a6):$  and  charters  is  limited,  is 
qualified  and  intitled  to  give  a  vote  or 
VoUs  :  And  it  further  fets  forth,  that 
of  late  years  a  moft  unfair,  and  miC* 
Chievous  pra^ice  has  been  introduced, 
of  fplitting  large  quantities  of  ftock^ 
and  making  feparate  and  temporary 
conveyances  of  the  parts  thereof,  for 
the  purpofe  of  multiplying,  or  making 
dccafional  votes,  immediately  before 
the  time  of  dedanng  a  dividend,  of 
chufmg  directors,  or  of  deciding  any 
other  important  quellion  j  which  prac- 
tice 18  fubvcrfive  of  every  principle  up- 
on whieh  tbe  eftabliChment  of  fuch  e?- 
neral  courts  is  founded  \  and  if  (uf- 
fered  to  become  general,  would  leave 
the  permanent  intertit  of  fuch  comp:!^- 
nies  liable  at  all  times  to  be  iacrifice^ 

1  to 


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6^       The  History  of  the  laji  Scflion  ?f  Parliament.      T€b. 


to  #ie  partial  and  interefted  views  of  a 
few,  and  thofe  perhaps  temporary  pro- 
prietors, therefore  it  is  enacted,  that 
prom  the  firft  of  Auguft.  1767,  no 
inember  of  any  of  the  faid  companies* 
Ar  corporations,  (hall  be  deemed  qua- 
lified, or  admitted  to  ^ive  any  vote* 
in  any  general  coiirt  of  iuch  company* 


with  this  reftri6tion»  that  it  (hall  not 
be  lawful  for  any  generaV  coort  of  the 
faid  company,  at  any  time  between  the 
8th  of  May,  1767,  and  the  bej;inniag 
of  the  next  fe(fion  of  parliament*  to 
declare,  orrefolve  upon,  anyiftcreafe 
of  dividend  beyond  the  rate  of  sol. 
per  cent,  per  annvm^  being  the  rate  at 


in  refpeft  of  any  ftock  transferred  to    which  the  dividend  for  the  half  year» 


6im  after  the  faid  firft  of  Aueuft,  un 
fif  he  (hall  have  been  pofTeflcd  thereof 
lix  calendar  months;  unlefs  fucb 
ftock  (hall  have  been  acquired,  or 
lb  ail  have  come  by  bequeft*  or  by 
Inarriage,  or  by  fucceflion  to  an  in* 
tcftate's  eftatc,  or  by  the  cudom  of 
London,  or  by  any  deed  of  fetttement 
iifter  the  death  of  any  perfon  who  (hall 
have  been  intitlcd  for  life  to  the  divi- 
dends of  fuch  (lock.-— That  the  rc- 
fpe£Hve  oaths  and  affirmations  requir- 
ed to  be  admin illered  to,  or  taken  by, 
toemberr,    at  or  before  giving  their 


ending  the  a4th  of  June*  1767*  itnaade 
payable. 

^  Although  I  have  given  a  very  par* 
ticular  ab(b-a&  of  the  iiril  of  tbcfe 
two  laws*  yet  I  hope  no  gentleman 
will  think  it  tedious*  if  he  ooniklers 
that  there  is  now  above  (ix  millions  m 
year  of  the  property  of  Bnti(h  rubie6frffy 
or  their  friends  abroad*  that  muR  for 
the  future  be  dire6^ed  in  its  mana^- 
ment  by  thefe  two  (hort  and  intelligi- 
ble Uws ;  for  by  the  la(t  (bte  of  the  na^ 
tional  debt  *  it  appears,  that  there  wa« 
then,  4,707,213  1.  growing  due  yearly 


votes,  (hall,  from  and  after  the  i ft  of    for  paying  the  intereft  of  our  pablt« 


Auguft,  1767,  be  altered  in  fuch  man- 
ner as  to  extend  to,  and  comprize  the 
further  qualification  required  by  this 
fl6l,  in  refpeft  of  the  continuance  of 
the  po(reflion  of  fuch  ftsck ;  and  the 
^id  oaths  and  affirmations,  fo  altered* 
(hall  be  adminiflered  to*  and  ta- 
ken by  the  membert  of  fuch  com- 
panies* in  the  place  of  thofe  here- 

^fore  required. That   from    and 

after  the  loth  July,  1767*  no  decla- 
ration of  dividend  (hall  be  made  by 
any  general  court,  other  than  one  of 
the  half  yearly  or  quarterly  general 
courts,  at  the  diftance  of  five  calen- 
dar months  at  the  lead  from  the  lad 
preceding  declaration  of  a  dividend  ; 
;(nd  no  declaration  of  more  than  one 
half  yearly  dividend  (hall  be  made  by 
one  general  court  j  and  no  queftion 
upon  any  propo(ition  for  increaiing  the 
rate  of  the  dividend,  (hall  be  decided 
otherwifc  than  by  ballot,  taken  at  the 
diftance  of  three  entire  days,  at  the 
I'eaft,  from  the  adjournment,  cr  break- 
ing up  of  the  general  court  in  which 
fuch  queftion  mall  have  been  propofed. 
After  having  glvien  fo  full  an  ab- 
ftiTift  of  this  general  law  for  regula- 
ting all  fuch  companies  and  corpora- 
tions, I  (hall  only  add,  with  regard  to 
the  a6t  for  regulating  the  Ealt-India 
company,  that  much  the  fame  regula- 
tions were  eftabliflied  for  the  future 
government  of  that  company,  witii  on- 
ly a  little  variaiion  as  to  timev*  'and 


debts,  and  if  to  this  we  add  the  in- 
creafed  dividends  payable  to  the  Bank 
proprietorv,  and  ~the  trade  and  India 
revenues  of  our  Baft  India  companj^ 
the  whole  muft  amount  to  at  leaft  » 
millions  a  year.  If  we  con(ider  that 
the  whole  of  this  immenfe  property 
muft  belong  to  perfons  who  re(ide  ia 
or  about  London,  or  who  have  their 
agents  or  factors  refiding  here,  wa 
may  eafily  account  for  the  vaft  increaTc 
of  the  cities  of  London  and  Weftroin- 
fter  within  thefe  laft  thirty  or  forty 
years. 

Early  in  this  fefTion  of  parliament,  at 
well  as  fome  of  the  former,  fevcral  of 
our  cities  and  boroughs  began  ta 
amufe  the  ftarving  poor  with,  figning 
petitions  to  parliament*  reprefentingf 
the  great  diftrefs  to  which  the  poor 
were  reduced  by  the  high,  price  of 
provifions.  The(e  petitions  were  at 
hrft  referred  to  the  com  committee, 
but  afterwards  on  the  Z9th  of  Novem- 
ber, it  was  refolved,  that  the  houia 
would,  on  the  Monday  following,  re- 
folve  itfelf  into  a  committee  of,  the 
whole  houfc,  to  condder  of  the  pHefent 
high  price  of  provifions*  On  the 
aSth  of  January  Sir  Jofeph  M.Twbcy 
moved,  and  it  was  ordered,  that  it 
might  be  an  inftru^lion  to  the  (aid 
committee  that  th?y  do  confider  of 
the  prefeiit  high  price  of  foap  and  can* 
dies  i  and  ou  the  5th  of  Febniai*/ 
the  hou/e  agreed  to  the  following  le- 
•     folutiva 


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Iblution  of  the  faid  commUteey  That 
the  iiaportatioa  of  tallow ;  hog's  ]ard« 
9nd  greaie  ,  be  allowed  for  a  limited 
tine*  free  of  dutv ;  apon  which  refo- 
Jotion  it  was  ordered,  that  a  bill  be 
brought  in^  and  that  Mr.  Cooper  and 
Sir  Jofeph  Mawbey  do  prepare  and 
bring  in  the  iaose. 

The  next  day  Sir  Jofcph  Mawbey 
tNreicntod  to  the  hooli:  a  bill  to  difcon- 
tinve,  for  a  time  to  be  limited,  the 
d«ttes  payable  upon  the  importation  of 
un«w,  hog^«  lard,  and  greafe  ;  when 
it  was  read  a  drtt  time,  and  ordered  to 
be  read  a  /econd  time  $  after  which  it 
pafied  through  both  houfes  in  com- 
aK>a  cour(e,  and  received  the  royal 
aBeBt  on  the  xyth  of  February. 

On  the  4th  of  May,  the  houfe,  ac- 
cording to  order,  refolved  itfelf  again 
into  the  (aid  committee  of  the  whole 
houfe,  to  coniider  further  of  the  pre- 
sent high  price  of  provifions,  and  came 
to  feveral  refolutions,  which  were  re- 
ported next  day  and  agreed  to,  as  fol- 
low s  ift.  That  all  forts  of  falted  meat 
and  butter  be  allowed  .to  be  imported 
•for  a  limited  time  free  of  duty.  sd. 
That  the  importation  of  rice,  fago 
powder,  and  vermicelli,  from  an^f  of 
BIS  majefty^s  colonies  in  America,  in- 
to Great  Britain,  be  admitted,  for  a 
limited  dme,  free  of  duty  i  and  then 
it  was  ordered,  that  a  bill  or  bills  be 
brought  in  upon  the  (aid  refolutions ; 
and  that  Mr.  Onflow,  the  Lord  Clare, 
Mr.  Garth,  Sir  William  Meredith, 
Mr.  Edmonftone,  and  Sir  Eilis  Cun- 
liflPe,  do  prepare  and  bring  iq  the 
iime. 

May  II,  Mr.  Onflow  prefen ted  to 
the  houfe  according;  to  order,  a  bill  for 
aHowiog  the  free  importation  ofialted 
meat  and  butter^  iiito  this  kingdom, 
for  a  time  to  be  limited,  which  was 
Tt^d  a  firft  time,  and  ordered  to  be 
read  a  fecond  time ;  and  at  the  fame 
time  he  prefented  to  the  houle,  ac- 
cording to  order,  a  bill  for  allowing 
'the  free  importation  of  rice,  f^go 
powder,  and  vermicelli,  into  this 
mmmdom,  from  his  majefty^s  colonies 
in  North  America,  for  a  time  to  be 
limited,  which  was  then  read  a  fir  ft 
time,  and  ordered  to  be  read  a  fecond 
time.  This  bill  paiTed  foon  after- 
wards through  both  houfes,  and  re- 
ceived the  royal  aflent  on  the  soth  of 
May.  Bat  as  to  the  other  biH,  when 
the  order  of  the  4»y  for  the  itcoad 


iaji  ScQion  of  Parliament;       67 

reading  of  the  fame  was  read,  a  mo- 
tion was  made,  and  the  a£l  of  the  5th 
of  his  prefent  majeftv,  chap.  I.  was 
read,  by  which  our  fellow  fubjcds  of 
Ireland  were  obliged  to  pay  the  fait 
duty  on  any  falted  meat,  or  butter, 
they  imported  here,  and  it  was  juftly 
deemed  hard  to  allow  foreign  ik\ttd 
meat  or  butter  to  be  imported  duty 
free,  whilft  they  were  obliged  to  pay 
fuch  a  heavy  duty.  However  our  ztii 
for  the  relief  of  the  poor  got  the  better 
of  this  folecifm  in  politicks,  and  the 
only  remedy  that  could  be  thought  of 
was  an  alteration  of  the  title,  in  the 
committee,  by  calling  it  a  bill  to  al- 
low for  a  limited  time,  the  free  impor- 
tation of  (alted  meat  and  butter  into 
this  kmgdom,  from  any  place  except 
Ireland}  under  which  title  the  bill 
paifed,  with  fome  difficulty,  through 
the  houfe  of  commons,  but  their  lord- 
fhips,  it  feems,  did  not  think  fit  to  put 
fuch  a  mark  of  diflin6lion  upon  our 
fellow  fubjefls  of  Ireland  in  any  bill 
pafTcd  by  them. 

Thus  we  fiod,  that  in  this  fefnoit 
the  committee  for  inouiring  into  the 
high  price  of  proviuons,  had  done 
more  towards  the  relief  of  the  poor, 
than  had  been  done  b^  all  the  com- 
mittees upon  this  fubjed,  ever  fmce 
this  dilh-efs  firft  began  to'be  complain- 
ed of;  and  if  they  had  included,  in- 
ftead  of  excepting  the  (alted  meat  and 
butter  of  Ireland,  I  am  perfuaded  tho 
iords  would  have  pafTed  that  bill  1ike« 
vrlfe  :  I  know  indeed,  that  there  aro 
two  maxims  which  our  minifters  are 
always  obliged  to  have  a  particular 
regard  for,  the  firft  of  which  is  to  a- 
void  doing  any  thing  that  nlay  incroach 
upon  that  facred  fund  appropriatetl  to 
the  payment  of  our  debts,  and  the  e^- 
tindUon  of  our  taxes»  and  the  next  is 
to  avoid  doing  any  thing  that  may 
oblige  our  landholders  to  lower  tho 
high  rents,  to  which  they  have  been 
enabled  of  late  years  to  rsufe  the  rents 
of  their  land  e^tes,  by  the  monbpoly 
that  has  for  fo  many  years  been  efta- 
blifhed  in  their  fovour^  but  when  the 
people  have  been  by  accident  brought 
into  anv  remarkable  diilreft,  it  is  tho 
duty  or  miniftcrs  to  run  the  ri(k  of 
ftriking  a  bold  ftroke  for  their  reHef, 
and,  if  upon  this  occafion,  they  had 
included  the  (alted  meat  and  biirter  of 
Ireland,  the  deficiency  of  the  faltdutr 
fund  might  baTt|  for  tath  »  fnMiI 

I  ft  iimnbif 


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68       The  HisToiiy  cf  tbt  kft  Scflioriy^  Parliament     .  Fctj. 

parliament^  upoi>  any  ^ooda  or  merr 
chandizes  brought^  or  imported  into^ 
or  •xportedy  or  carried  from,  any  Bri» 
ti(h  cotooy,  or  plantation,  in  Ameri* 
pa,  may  from  time  to  time  be  put  un- 
der tbe  managiement  and  dire6Uoii  of 
fuch  commiflioners,  to  refide  in  Ui^ 
faid  plantations,  as  hit  majeHy,  bif 
}ieirs,  and  fuccf ifort,  by  commiffion^ 
under  the  great  feal  of  Great  Briuin, 
jQball  judge  to  be  moft  for  the  advan- 
tage of  trade,  and  fecurity  of  the  ror 
venue  pf  the  faid  Britifh  colonies. 

By  the  fecond  claufe  it  is  enabled, 
that  the  commiflioners  fo  appoiated^ 
or  anjr  three  Or  more.of  thtro,  (hall 
have  the  fame  powers  and  authpritiea 
for  carrying  into  execution  the  laws 
relating  to  the  rewnues  and  trade  of 
the  (aid  colonies,  as  were  before  tx^r^ 
cifed  by  the  commifHoncrs  of  the  cuf- 
tomt  in  England.  And  it  ^lall  be  law- 
ful for  his  majefty,  &c.  in  fuch  com- 
niiffions  to  make  proviiion  fpr  putting 
in  executtion  the  feveral  laws  relatinar 
to  the  cuftoms  and  trade  of  the  iai4 
colonies. 

And  by  the  laft  dabCe  it  is  €na£led» 
that  all  deputations  and  other  autho- 
nticf  granted,  or  to  be  granted,  by 
thecommifiionert  of  cuftomt  in  En^- 
land,  before  any  commiflion  (hall  iflue 
in  purfuance  or  thia  a6^,  (hall  conti- 
nue in  force,  until  the  faid  depata.- 
tioof,  and  ochcc  authorities,  (hall  b« 
revoked  or  made  void,  by  the  high 
treafurer  of  Great  Britain,  or  cpmr 
mifltoners  of  the  treafury  for  the  tiiM 


nuo^l^r  of  y<ars  been  lyiadt  |Ood  out 
pf  the  Sinking  FMpd,  by  whjch  they 
vvould  have  faved  that  snvidipua  dif^ 
tinftion  that  appeared  upon^the  title  of 
their  bill,  as  it  ^u  fent  up  to  the  other 
boufe. 

With  refpc^^  to  tlie  other  two  bills, 
that  h  .d  the  good  fortune  to  be  paire4 
into  laws,  th&y  ufed  more  free<Jom  in 
this  fefTion  than  had  been  ufual  in  for- 
mer fcffions,  for  tHe  duties  upon  the 
import.ttion  of  taUow,  hogs. lard,  and 
grcarc,we^*e.to  b^difcontjnued  from  tbe 
asth  of  March,  1767,  for  three  years, 
and  from  thence  to  the  end  of  the  next 
fe/Tion  of  parliament;  and  the  free 
importation  of  ricei  fago  powder,  and 
vermicelli,  into  this  kingdom  from  our 
northern  colonies,*  was  to  be  allowed 
from  the  ift  of  December,  1767,  to 
the  ifl  of  December,  1781. 

I  (hall  now  give  an  account  of  that 
remarkable  att  which  enables  his  ma- 
}e(ly  to  put  the  cuftoms  and  other  du- 
ties in  the  Briti(h  dominions  in  Ame- 
rica, and  tbe  execution  of  the  laivt  re- 
lating to  trade  thece,  under  the  ma- 
nagement of  co»pmi0ionert  to  be  ap- 
pointed for  that  purpoie,  and  to  be 
refident  in  the  (aid  dominiona*  la 
the  preai^ble  of  this  a^^  the  many  in-' 
conveniei^cies  of  bavins  this,  at  it 
was  formerly,  under  the  (ble  direc- 
tion of  tiie  commiiTioneri  of  the  cuf- 
toms here  in  England,  are  fully  iet 
forth.  Tt^eif  bad  been  long  felt,  and 
often  complained  of  both  in  England 
nnd  America,  but  no  minifter  ever 
before  thought  qf  applying  a  r«^y» 
ih^^u  ofi  Jane  the  1  ft  it  waa  mov- 
ed, and  leave  giyen  to  bi;ing  in  a  bill, 
to  enable  bis  majefty  to  put  tbe  cu^ 
toma,  4pc.  and  it  was  ordered  th;^ 
Mr.  Thomas  Town(hend.  Junior,  Mr. 
ChM^ellor  ^  the  Exchequer,  Mr.  On- 
Hovr,  Mr.  Fryie  Campbell,  Mr-  At- 
foroey  Oei^gral,  Mr.  SolUcttor  Gene- 
til,  i/fsp  Cooper,  and  XIr.  Paterfon, 
4q  picfarct  ai^  bring  i|i  the  lam^. 
1^  tbe  )d  t^e  ViU  «ir^  prf  (^ntad  tp 
ihf  bouJB  by  Mr.  Cooper,  when  it 
:4iiM  rtfid  a  «rft  cime,  and  o^rdered  tp 
lU  •read  a  fecond  time  \  after  which  it 
f«i(r(i4  ^rpY^  hpth  bouiea  in  comaion 
jcoor^,  #na.p9  ^^  sotH  qi  June  it 
MMyed  tbt  4poy|u  #flent  by  oommif- 
4on. 

Sv  tbt  £rft  ^\4ft  of  tbii  iw,  it  is 
•naemb  tbat  tbt  oUtoQia  and  other 
4iiii0t  ii«g0M.t»y  IW.^  or  a^of 


.beinjgi 

This  is  the  fubftahce  of  this  impor* 
tant  law,  and  as  all  Uws  are  good  or 
bad  according  to  the  methods  after- 
wards taken  for  carrying  them  intp 
execution,  if  tbe  executib|>  of  tlni 
law  (hoold  be  put  into  propcx  hands» 
and  the  produce  of  the  American  r^ 
VflQue  duly  applied  to  the  adminiftr;^ 
tion  of  government,  and  diftribution 
of  iuftice,  in  that  country,  byofhceca 
and  iudges  fettled  and  refiding  thcr^ 
it  mvift  prove  of  great  advajntage  t^ 
Great  9ritain  as  w^l  as  onr,  coloaiee.  i 
but  if  tbe  Ameriqin  revenue  ibqul4» 
like  the  Iri(b  revenues,  t>e  cfnver^eil 
and  made  a  fund  (or  pen(ions  |o  court 
favonrites  re(iding  in  England*  or 
any  where  but  in  America  and  gei^ 
tlemen  aj>pointed  commifliojaert  pf  thu 
cuftoms  in  America,  only  to  jntitlo 
tbem  to  ri ccifc  their  (pjar^ev  <^  ^.^ 

dcfigoed 


X 


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lyis: 


Hbogficoa-liall  AefiriUJL 


-69 


4c%ard  liir*wl|I  Ibqn  inbijill  ottr  eolo» 
BJes  by  ftrippiag  tkem  of  every  eoact 
of  fold  or  mvefj  as  £&ft»  k  li^m  to 
•pfeir  amoiig  them. 

[Tf  U^rwmmwed  or  av  jvjxi.] 

firflir  ExtraSs  fnm  A  fix  Weak# 
Tour  through  the  Tout  hem  Co»Dti«e 
o(EmglaMiizadlf^nla. 
"  'TmE  countiyaromid  Rainheni,  the 
X  ieat  of  Lord  Tow&ihead  b  rkh 
udiaely  cttltivrntedf  and  thefituattonof 
tbehooley  the  perk,  end  the  wHert  tery 
(kteble:  The  boildiiiffitielfM  rather 
io  the  ftileof  an  exceadiagesod  iMbr* 
table  hoofcw  than  a  magmScent  one. 
Bitf  the  £inioiis  pi^re  of  Betifiurins, 
h^  ftUeetor  Roia,  hat  aoce  exprcflion 
ID  it,  than  aey  naieting  I  think  I  ewer 
iaw.  Aik  to  fee  htJy  Townftendrt 
^rcfittg  room  I  it  is  fanulhed  with 
priate,  teck  wkh  much  tiAr  on  b 
grttn  paper* 

The  firft  appearance  o£  Hon^itony 

tht  celebrated  feat  of  the  earl  of  Orv 

fcird,  boik  hy  Sir  Robert  WalpolO)  it 

thjt  of  leveral  very  negnifioent  plan- 

titkms  winch  forround  it  tterf  way. 

In  the  road  from  Syderftone  they  a^ 

pear,  I  think,  to  the  greateft  adran- 

t^  :  They  are  (een  to  a  great  extent; 

with  opealngt  left  jodicionflj  in  maiMr 

pbcet  to  let  in  the  view  of  more  dA 

tiAtwoodti  which  chenget  the  fliadet 

aad  giwet  tliemthatfi^eatn  browsneft, 

which  haa  alir^rt  n  Tery  great  eSeSL 

The  flatneft  of  tlM  conntry^  bnwtefei^ 

ii  a  circtwntince»  which,  tnftead  of 

ictting  themetf;  end  nnking  them  e^ 

pear  Urg«r  than  they  realfy  are^  givet 

them  a  dicmnotive  air»  in  oompiTifen 

to  the  number  of  acret  rcafly  planteds 

For  were  thcie  raft  id^BtattoBt  dtfpo- 

fed  i^toD  ground  with  -gnat  ioeqnati- 

tKs  9f  furface,  fach  at  nillt  rifing  one 

above  another,  or  eaft  ilonet  ftretcbing 

laey  to    tbe    rig|it   and   left,    they 

vnnid  appenr  to  he  ahnoft  bonndlefi , 

md  fliew  terenty  timet  the  extent  they 

dtJCprefent.     Thewoodt,  which  ajie 

^ttB^am  tbe  fi>nth  front  of  the  houfe, 

Of  planted   with  great  iadgment,  to 

irmwif  tiie  d^Mt   of  the   couatry^t 

^nc6f  for  tbey  are  £>  difpoicd,  at 

a  appear  one  beyond  another,  in  idif- 

inaetiafleey  to  a  gveat  extent . 

la  the  facmie  you  enter,  &ft,  the 
pvihall,  ncsbeof  forty^eeti  which, 
U  aa  the  proportion  it,  is  cot^iidya 
toy  noble  room  i  Vet  one  would  ima- 

4 


gine  the  asdikeft  pnrpoM  to  deftroy 
Iheeffaft  of  fo  large  an  one,  by  ftickr 
\nf  dnee  quaitert  around  iti  whit  it 
MM  a  gi^ery  t— — k  it.  a  hakony 
INiihed  out  in  defiance  of  grace,  ele>- 
ganoe,  or  proportion.  Oppofite  the 
chimney  it  an  exceeding  fine  caft  of 
Che  Laocbon.  From  the  hall  you  en- 
ter the  faloon ;  which,  but  for  height, 
would  be  one  of  the  fined  roomt  in 
ehe  world.  It  it  forty  by  thirty  i  and 
ibrty  hif  ht  which  it  txc^vely  jout  of 
proportion.  To  the  left  you  turn  in- 
to a  drawing-room,  tfairtj  by  twenty. 
one,  hung  with  a  yellow  damaic* 
Out  of  that  into  the  bhie  daroaik  bed- 
^larober,  twenty-two  and  a  half  by 
twenty-one  and  a  half.  Then  into  a 
/very  imall  dreiEng-room,  and  next  a 
iiniul  dofet,  out  of  which  yon  enter 
.the  library,  twenty-two  anci  a  half  by 
twenty»one  and  a  half,  which  leadt  to 
the  dining  parlour,  thirty  by  twenty- 
^ooe,  and  that opent into  the  hall}  fo 
^onefideofthehouiett  taken  up  with 
the  foreeoinj;  apartmenu.  The  other 
fide  of  Uie  (Soon  it  another  drawin^- 
.room,  called  the  Carlo  Maratt  room, 
from  being  oovered  with  pidoret  by 
that  mafter,  thirty  by  twenty-one* 
.Out  of  which  yoo  enter  the  J^een  vei- 
Yet  bed-chamber,  then  a  dreffing-room 
rtwenty-one  and  a,  half  by  eighteen, 
then  another  bed-chamber  the  fimie 
ifiae)  next  the  dibinet,  twen^-two 
umd  a  half  by  twenty-one  and  a  half 
.^f^hkh  leadt  into  the  marble  parlour 
thirty  by  twenty-One,  and  it  exceed-^ 
ingly  elegant,  one  fide  being  entirely 
«of  white  marble ;  and  thit  concludet 
th^  right  hand  fide,  opening  into  the 
hall. 

Having  thut  mn  through  the  roomt, 
I  ihould  tell  you  that  the/&/rt^«^,  for 
•iaftance,  doort,  dtoor-caiet,  windows, 
and  cornices,  &c.  Ac.  it  at  ma^ nifi- 
cent  at  you  can  conceive  and  in  at 
great  a  ftile  at  any  fii^e  room  in  Eng- 
land :.LaA1y,  let  me  add  that  the  coU 
leftion   of  pt^hiref  which  omamentt 
jthem  it  moft  ^indoubtedly  the  firft  in 
England,  after  the  royal  one.    I  made 
•a  lew  minutet  of  what  ilruck  me  moft 
at  I  viewed  chera,  and  here  they  fol- 
low I  I  fubmic  them  to  your  candour, 
-not  at  the  criticifms  of  a  connoifleur, 
but  the  mere  exprefiion  of  my  feelingi, 
•  without  any  reeardto  names  or  repu- 
itationt*    i  fiiallnot  mention  one  ^iiar- 
ter  of  the  pictures  1  an  omifilon  of  no 
confequence. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


JO  Paintings  at 

no  cohrequence,  ts  the  very  ingentmis 
Mr.  Horace  Walpole  has  publifhed  « 
complete  catalogue  of  them.  Many 
of  the  capital  pieces  are  in  what  it 
called  the  pi6lure  gallery,  which  was 
the  green-houfe  $  it  is  ia  on«  of  the 
wings. 

Rembrant.  His  Wife.  The  hands 
and  face  moft  inimitable.  The  clear 
obfcure  wonderfully  fine.— Abraham*! 
Sacrifice.  The  head  of  Abraham  very 
{;reat.  The  mixture  of  grief,  piety, 
and  awe,  finely  pourtrayed ,  nothing 
•an  exceed  it:  and  the  lights  and 
ihades  admirable. 

Rubens.  Mary  Magdalen  wafhin^ 
our  Saviour's  Feet.  Her  figure  moS 
inimitably  coloured,  particularly  the 
head  and  the  tears.  The  beads  of  the 
old  men  vaftly  fine,  and  of  a  noble 
gufto.  This  piaure  is  as  different  from 
Kubens^s  common  pieces,  as  he  him- 
felf  was  fuperior  to  the  lowefl  dauber. 

Titian.  Simeon  and  Child.  His 
head  exquifite,  and  the  air  wonderful* 
ly  fine. 

An.  Carrach.  Virgin  and  Child. 
The  child  a  very  difagreeable  figure. 
The  head  appears  to  me  badly  drawn. 
.  —  Venus,  The  colouring  difagreeable 
and  witiiont  foftnefs  or  delicacy  s  The 
drawing  admirable. 

Morellio.  A(I'4mption.  Air  of  the 
virgin's  head,  beautiful  and  graceful. 

Carlo  Maratt.  Virgin  teachinj^  a 
Boy  Jefus  to  read.  Air  of  the  Virgin's 
head,  the  child,  the  colouring,  grace, 
and  clear  obfcure,  beyond  all  praife: 
Moft  fvfcctly  delicate  and  gracefo).— • 
.  Virgin  and  St.  Jofeph.  The  colouring 
.  very  difagreeable. <r-Chrift'a  Sermon  on 
the  Mount.  The  figure  of  Chriil  with- 
out dignity  or  expreflton. 

Pooflin.  Holy  Family.  Drapery 
very  good,  particularly  the  Virgin's— 
the  limbs  feen  through  it. 

Vandyke.  Rubens's  Wife.  A  moft  ce- 
lebrated pi^ire :  But  not  an  agreeable 
one:  What  ftrikes  me  moft  are  the 
hands  and  arms,  which  are  finer  than 
any  I  ever  beheld :  The  drapery  it 
likewife  admirable. 

P.  da  Cortona.  Chrift  in  the  Gar- 
den. Air  and  expreffion  of  the  head 
admirable.  i 

Dobfon.  Two  Heads.  The  expref- 
fion of  the  faces  wonderfully  fine. 

Velafco.  A  pope's  Head.  Amazing- 
-  \y  cxprtl&fc :  £very  Uju  of  the  face 


Houghton;; '  tth. 

exquhit^ly  painted— -l^eatfa  of  Jofeph* 
Exeeeding  fine  heads. 

Vanderwerf.  David  and  Abt(ha|i 
The  cotouriag  and  finifhing  of  tins 
piece'is  beyond  defcription<  Abilhag't 
naked  body  is  inimitably  done.  Such 
a  foft  delicacy  of  ftefh.  To  raach  bri|fat- 
nefs  of  clear  obfcure,  and  fuch  a  height 
of  fiailhing  as  exceeds  any  thing  of 
the  kind  I  ever  met  with.  Bathdieba's 
face  is  extremely  expreflive  and  finely 
painted.  In  David  there  is  a  great 
JFault  3  his  f^ce  is  that  of  an  old  maa, 
but  the  naked  of  his  body  is  <]uitc 
youthful,  without  thofe  (hx>ng  lines, 
and  mufcular  traces  which  appear  fe 
finely  in  painting. 

Mola.  Cocles.  Nothing  can  be  fi« 
ner  than  the  attitude  of  Cocles. 

Quin.  Matlis.  Ufurer  and  his  ^W\St\ 
full  of  that  vaft  expreflion,  ufuai  in 
this  mafter's  pieces:  The  penury  in 
their  countenances  is  admirable. 

Bourdon.  Two  women  j  very  dif- 
agreable. 

Guido.  Confultation  of  the  Elders, 
The  iineft  piaure  in  the  colle^ioa. 
The  colours,  clear  obfcure,  dtfpofitio« 
of  the  figures,  expreffion  of  the  coun< 
tenanccs  and  airs  of  the  heads  of  the 
old  men,  beyond  all  defcription.  Th4 
whole  is  fo  wonderfully  fine,  that  of)4 
oaniTot  quickly  leave  off  viewing  it.— 
Adoration.  The  delicacy  of  the  boi 
beyond  expreflion.  The  old  man*' 
head  on  the  right  fide  exceedingly 
iine,  and  \'ery  much  in  the  ftile  of  tha 
in  the  Confultation,  under  the  Virgin 

Dominichino.  Virgin  and  Child 
The  colouring  difagreeable,  with  ni 
brightnefs  \  butthc  attitude  inimitable 

L.  Carrach.  Chrift  in  the  Sepulchre 
The  dead  body  very  expreflive,  be 
nothing  of  the  clear  obfcure  \  ligi 
ftrangely  diffufcd. 

Salvator  Rofa.  Prodjgal  Son.  Pre 
digious  expreflion.  Jf  a  Dutch  mania  fa 
he  will  make  you  ohferve  the  ra^i 
fhirt.  The  whole  picture  if  amazing] 
fine. 

In  rov  way  from  Houffhton  t»  tl 
iea  coait,  by  Hunflon,  £c.  I  foui 
much  barren  land,  or  rather  raputei 
ly  barren  \  for  a  r^ly  barren  fbti  1  < 
not  believe  exifta  in  any  large  quani 
ties;  the  Norfolk  iiBproven  mig 
-turn  thefe  tracks  of  warren  and  Ihee 
.walks  into  profitable  farms.  One 
the  gremeft    improvemeiitt    in     % 

coum 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I7M. 


Elegant    Improv kments. 


7« 


•ptutry  if  Mr.  Curtts^t  farm  qf  Som- 
ncrfieid,  belonging  to  Mrs.  Htnhy 
•f  Bodottg,  It  confi&s  of  £500  acres 
of  bod,  a&  gained  from  (beep- walks; 


croff  the  ftream  and  pafi  alon^  ita 
winding  b^nks  to  the  grotto,  which  i^ 
very  prettil}r  oontri? ed  out  of  a  boat* 
by  cu^tin^  it  in  halves  and  Bidng  it 


udirbicb  now  is   regularly  inclofed'  together  with  a  little  addition.     It  it 


ud  yields  inmenre  crops  of  corn  :  In- 
ibnucb  that  this  farm  has  been  men* 
tioaed  u  (be  beSt  in  Europe.  The 
rest  is  (aid  to  be  very  fmaU,  and  the 
produce  exceeding  great,  the  profit 
azy  therefore  be  e^fity  conceived, 
Tbe  bome-ftall  is  woith  your  view'mg 
if  you  travel  this  country :  It  is  pret- 
tiif  plantedj  and  very  neat.  Nor 
voaU  I  have  any  one  leave  this  part 
of  the  coantr;  without  employing  a 
km  boars  in  viewing  the  environs  of 
Docking,  Mn .  Henley's  feat.  ■  ■■■ 
The  plantacions,  though  fmall,  are  in 
s  very  preny  tafie.  Her  tempk  is 
H^bt  and  elegant,  and  well  placed, 
botii  for  commandiog  a  tine  view  of.the 
coitttrj,  and  alfo  as  an  objc^  in  fight 
of  tbe  hoBfe.  The  hermitage  is  as 
pretty  a  thiog  as  any  thing  of  the 
kind  that  I  have  ieen.  It  is  a  little 
c^tage  of  two  roonw,  iituated  in  one 
of  her  plantatioiia  of  (hr^ibi  and  firs. 
T^£  firft  room  is  «valled  with  oyfter« 
dielh,  tbe.  whiu  iide  outwards,  and 
t^  broom  edges  filed  ofF$  the  pave- 
vcDt  of  clean  fmall  pebblfs  1  the  chim* 
■cyfiece  of  grotto  (bell-work.  The 
cehns  is  papmd,  and  at  one  ead  is 
^  bermit's  bed,  a  boarded  one 
PKoted,  leith  paiiited  canvafs  curtains. 
Tbe^ber  room  as  waipfcotted  with 
Tery  curioas  old  carved  wainfcot,  of 
Ifary  the  Sevcnth^s  rei^,  -and  the 
<iclJB{,  ice,  decorated  in  a  ruftic 
v^^oner,  with  (crolls  and  feftoons  of 
^•vted,  deal  ihaviogs,  and  painted 
rapes  in  agothic,  but  very,  neat  tafte. 
Prom  D<^kiag  J  proceeded  to  Soet- 
^^am,  the  feat  of  Nicholas  Styleman, 
^'q«  where  Mrs.  Styleman  has  formed 
^)ae  exceeding  pretty  plaolationSi 
^?rticB*arly  thole  .upon  a  ft  ream,  which 
^  calif.  NcMF.  bridge  and  Catherine's- 
'"iawi :  This  ftream  is  managed  with 
!'&:  tafte ;  naturally  it  is,oo|y  a  ditch, 
■^  vbtre  ihis  lady  has  improved  it» 
^  n  a  winding  $ream  pt  clear  water, 
•^  the  greatfft  ornament  to  her  plan- 
^ioQs.  Oaone  part  of  its  banks  (he 
^»»  a  very  ne;at  circular,  cottage  for 
'Cakfafting,  and  near  it  a  menagerie 
•^t  a  great  variety  of  birds  5  in  this 
J*^  of  tbe  ftfram  arc  all  forts  of  wa- 
^■'fQwL   From  htr   menagerie  you 


ftuck  full  of  fpar,  (hells,  fea-weed, 
coral,  glafs,  ore,  &c.  all  difpofcd  wit^ 
taibe  and  elegance.  The  front  pretty, 
but  too  regular,  and  not  ruftic  enough^ 
compofed  of  the  fame  materials  on  m 
ground  of  powdered  Tea-  (bells  ftuck  ia 
cement.  The  fituation  is  very  pretty, 
by  the  fide  of  the  ftream,  clofe  .to  a 
fmall  cafcade,  and  in  the  (hade  of  fe* 
vcral  large  weeping  willows.  ■  The 
ftream.ia  yet  more  beautifuL  in  the 
other  plantation,  called  Catherine's- 
ifland;  for  it  forms  five  little  woody 
iflands,  with  cool,  (hady,  and  fequei- 
tered  walks  about  it,  in  a  tafte  that 
dQes  great  honour  to  this  moft  ingeni-^ 
ous  lady's  fancy.  The  plantations  be- 
hind, the  houfe  hflive  great  variety,  and 
are  (ketched  out  with  much  tafte.  The 
road  from  SnettiJham  to  Lynn  is  ove^ 
a  moft  fandy  track  of  land  ;  which  has 
the  appearance  of  a  defertt  A  good 
hulbandman  cannot  view  the  latter 
niimed  town,  without  regretting  the 
quantity  of  manure  loft  there,  for  want 
of  a  fpirit  iA  the  neighbouring  farmers 
to  bring  it  away  :  They  might  have 
vaft  quantities  of  cinder-a(hes,  &c» 
and  even  be  paid  fomething  for  carry- 
ing them  away ;  their  waggons  are 
f^  ever  coming  from  the  town  empty^ 
and  their  lands  in  general  poor.  At 
one  place,  which  is  called  the  Fort,  is 
a  heap  of  jsxceeding  rich  manure^ 
which  in  many  towns  I  could  name^ 
would  fell  for  above  100 1,  and  which 
faffers  no  other  decreafe  than  what 
high  fpring  tides  occa(ion,  in  waftiing 
part  of  it  away  ;  and  it  is  all  brought 
here  in  tarts,  ^t  the  expence  of  the 
inhabitants. 

From  Lynn  I  took  the  road*  to  Nar- 
ford,  Che  feat  of  Price  Fountain,  Efqj 
built  and  furmflied  by  the  late  Sir  An-> 
drew  Fountain  x  The  houfe  is  a  good 
one,  but  not  the  objeft  of  view  fo 
mMch;as  the  curiofities  it  contains; 
amongft  which  nothing  is  fo  ftriking 
as  the  cabinet  of  earthenware,  done 
after  the  defigns  of  Raphael ;  there  is 
argreat  quantity  of  it,  and  all  extreme- 
ly fine.  The  coUe^ion  of  antique 
urns,  vafes,  fphinxes.  Sec,  Sec.  is  rec- 
koned a  good  one ;  but  what  gave  me 
nyore  pl^afvire  thai^  5hc  venerable  re- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


7« 


?i9ures  at  Nwford. 


Feb; 


fluiiitof  diit  kiiidg  it  t  finill  ntodtrn 
SUeping  Vemitin  white  marble,  by 
DeWcBii,  whidi  in  female  (bftntfi  and 
4elicaqr  it  exceedingly  beavdfbl.  The 
brontea  are  very  fine  9  and  the  cdllec- 
tion  of  printa  a  capital  one.  At  to 
piftnrtfit  I  (hallffiTeyoitthe  nametof 
a«few  whi^h  pleated  me  mofty  at  to  the 
mafters  namet  I  minute  them  at  they 
paftat  Marii>rd»  and  witltout  anfweT-  ; 
ing  for  their  originality.  I  hint  this, 
becanfe  the  moft  pleafing  pi^ure  in  the 
houie«  Che  Virgin  and  ChM, /aid  to 
be  by  Goido,  it  precifidy  the  fame 
fignrety  ntdtude»  airt^  te.  at  Mr. 
ButlcF^t  Corrmio,  at  sippeart  by  a 
print  of  the  Uitter»  I  have  feeH  in 
more  coUediont  than  onel    However, 


nay,  unlefk  etery  peHon,  who  fimdai 
blmfelf  of  fignifkrance  in  the  ftxte^  cm 
come  into  pewer  upon  hit  omm  comS" 
tkmst  by  dragging.  Vi^  bis  ^boU  trmsm 
•f  frtmds  tM  dif^dmUs  along  with 
him»  ht  refolf^t  not  to  aft  at  all  \  nay. 
maket  it  m  point  of  honbur  to  throw 
nwf^  9i^hu&km  (nubitber  rigbt  #r 
t»rMg)  m  the  way  of  the  ^verning 
party.  But  thon^h  this  intolerant 
temper  thot  predominates  among  our 
great  men,  univerf^ily,  with  regard  to 
the  communication  of  power;  yet, 
never  were  the]|r  more  lihend  to  tuch 
other  l»  tbe  £/fnbmtioM  of  tbe  puhUe  nae- 
cf|r.  The  perfont  who  are  iir,  are  al- 
wayt  ready  10  indulge  thofe  who  ar« 
eaf,  in  akaoft  whatever  ptnfions^  and 


whether  it  it  a  copy  or  an  orijfhial,  the  fir  <wbate*vif  e$ntimuaue  they  chafe^ 

coloaring  it  fine,  and  tbe  air  of  tbe    provided  thev  {;ive  them  »0  <^vf^i 

head  and  attitude  admirablv  graceful.     '"  -•--— — »— ^--^ — ->  -' — 

Rubent.  A  Fruit  Piece  by  Snydert, 
the  figuret  by  Rubens  $  very  good. 

Albano..  Chrift  taken  down  from- 
the  croft  %  exceedingly  fine,  tbe  muf- 
ckt  ftrongiy  exprefied. 

Tintoretto.  St.  Jerome.    The  head 
fine ;  but  the  ftile  dark  and  unpleafing. 
•Bloemart.    Children  of  Itirael  ga- 
thering  manna  J  fine. 

^  Old  Franc.  Marriage  of  Cana;  a 
fbriking  inflance  of  wretched  group- 
ing. 

Holbein^    Henry  VIH.  and  Anne 
Beleyn  at  a  concert  $  very  fine. 
.  Q|un.  Matfit.  Two  old  Men't  lieadti 
Ifarongly  expfeifive. 

.  Pelligrino.  Pharaoh*s  Daughter  find- 
lagMoftts  one  of  the  beS  pieeef  I 
liave  feea  of  thit  iadiffinrent  anfter. 

I  forgot  to  tell  you  that  the  library 
it  a  very  elegant  one  for  a  private  gen* 
tkman.*' 

r^  ibi  Editor  tf  ibi  PolitkHl  Reglfter. 
SIR, 

I  Believe  it  nnift  giv^  fimie  tKpgfM 
of  provocation  even  to  men  of  the 
nioft  patient  (pirif»  when  they  refie^ 
on  the  fnftttt  divided  jamgbig  Jhtt  ^  the  entitle  revemie  of  our  old  EngHfk 


IB  their  adminiftration  \  and  of  coiiria 
tbtf  exptOf  and  indad  receiiH,  tbefmmt 
ituiM^enciij  from  their  opponentt,«^en 
tbife  happen  to  be  uppcrmoft  in  their 
turn  i  and,  on  this  account,  I  think 
we  mav  affirm  with  confidence,  that^ 
be  a  miniftrv  at  ai^y  time  ever  fb  bad 
(fuppofittg  the  kingdom  in  a  ftate  of 

Kace)  it  it  more  for  ilt  intereft  to 
ve  thit  bad  minMhry  eontintied^ 
than  changed  for  one  that  it  a  Kttte 
better,  fince  every  change  m^fl;  cer- 
tainly throwt  an  additioaal  haul  upon 
the  alfcady-bnrthened  natioiv,  by  tbe 
accmnulation  oifie/^  piftfi^tu,  finne  of 
them  indeed  mt  Hbttitm^  but  nioft  of 
thtmfir  Bfii  and  many  of  them  iwith 
the  reverfiofiary  grant  to  pot^ify» 
ptilaps,  not  only  maii  ntdWnm^  but 
efett  to  thofe  ^  m^tkUir  ab  iBis  % 
and  were  an  end  computation  to  be 
Blade  of  all  the  amiual  fiimr  paid  on 
thit  feore  to  thefecret,  at  well  at  the 
kilo#n,  band  of  noble  ^m,^  gentlemen* 
peftflOttert  (induding,  at  the  Tama 
time,  the  income  ct  all  thofe  nnne- 
ceiaryaod  new  invehted  f4acet,  which 
have  beien  created  only  to  form  m 
court  dependence)  I  believe  the  a- 
mouiit  or  thfm  woidd  be  more  than 


ear  mnifiry  \  and  indeed  the  cafe  haf 
been  thifcMu  for  fome  yeart  biuhumfd. 
We  bive  undoubtedly  many  perfont 
of  great  ability  in  the  kingdom,  buft 
Ibarce  any  two  of  them,  #/'  iif/,  can 
be  prevailed  upon  to  a6k  in  conctri 
'with  emtb  otitr^  and  from  a  gelierOut 
emulation  ftrive  who  (hall  moft  exert 
themfelves  for  the  g4§d  rf  tbe  public  \ 


kinel  fbme  few  centuriet  backward  l 
And  vet  with  all  thit  inconcei\rabW 
profuion,  the  modiflt  court  word  is, 
and  hat  been,  oicoaoinr,  though  f 
kboNprnot whether  it  hat  been  put  in 
practice  in  One  finale  infiaace,  ex- 
cept in  t!ie  redufiion  of  the  ex- 
penCbs  Of  the  kitchen,  in  the  faving,, 
P*rh4i(^,  of  fome  few  f^otx^  of  but* 

ter 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tieraiidpec1c%ofcod.  It  wai  a  noble 
frying*  I  thinkt  of  Lord  Sunderland 
im  the  time  of  Queen  AAne»  when  be 
wae  offered  a  pemton  on  being  turned 
9at  of  ptece^  that  if  be  was  no  lonr 
ger  pennitted  to  ferve  hit  countrjr, 
he-  VM  tefi>l?ed  not  to  ptHage  lU 
O^  jrreat  men  at  prelent  (eem  deter- 
mined to  rererfe  nit  lordOiip^t  renti<* 
«wnt^  as  icarce  any  of  them  (hew  the 
teaft  iacUnalion  to  ferve  it»  but  all  of 
tbeip  a  Arong  propennty  to  (hare  in 
i^  piUase :  I  muft  except  (be  old  ge* 
serous  aake of  N"  e»  who»  from 
the  fame  odd  romentie  turn  of  think- 
m§M  Jiad  the  ill  judgment  lately  to 
(ffad  in  Lord  Siind^rland'i  Heps  s  but  I 
do  not  find  that  his  example  has  bad 
the  leaft  influence,  or  engaged  a  (ingle 
.perfini  to  imitate  faim  $  to  that  we  may 
apply  to  himy  with  propriety,  what 
^Ir.  Cowl^  Uy%  of  Pindar : 

— —  "  Pindar  is  imitable  bv  none  i 
TheTbcenix  Pindar  is  a  vaft  fpeciet 
alone        ■  ■■» 

And  as  his  Grace  jt  at  ppefent  the  fole 
Fboenix«  I  imagine  be  muft  be  con^ 
teat  to  remain  (o,  and  ftill  continue  to 
form  a  wbimiical  fpecies  by  himfelfy 
4|ftoagh  I  think  he  has  no  reafon  to 
jtiuAk  09  account  of  hit  feigulari- 
■ty.  UK  this  re(jpe£^*  X  liave  not  the 
vanity  to  imagine,  that  the  inr 
jdmM  copy  of  vtrk%  will  have«  more 
^SoEt  on  xhofi^  for  whom  it  is  deiign- 
•#d^-tbaa  bH(kace*s examples  nor  do 
•1  expe^  ehat  it  will  induce  a  (ingle 
.petfon-feo  rtfign  his  pre  (en  t  penfion,  or 
;to  reyc^  the  otfor  of  one. for  the  future: 
Jbowever,  fetus  teftify  our  abhorrence 
>of  this  accuricd  prevailing  pra6Uce, 
and  though  we  muft  defpa^r  of  ever 
^amending  it,,  yet  let  us  endeavour  2it 
ieaft  to  brand  it  with  the  in&my  it  de- 
lerfts,,If  you  think,  that  I  have  caught 
jmy  thing  of  the  fpirit  and  humour  of 
^tet  celebrated  genius  ^hom  I  profefi 
•jteimitatef  I  doubt  not  but  you  will 
Ucmk4i  wkh  an  immediate  impriraa- 
.tiir. 

I  am>  Sir»  Youc's^ 

T.L. 

flliStatiC^acb,  a  Tali  i  U  Imtation  of 
thi  Manntr  of  Dr.  Swift. 

^^^XKC^  <^^  ^i<^^  ^  grsnd  lord- may  V 
V/(No'matterwben,no  matter  where) 
Kept  a  huge  pompous  coach  of  ftate 
Of  moftenormottt  bulk  and  weight  % 
Feb, 1768. 


The  State    CoaciK 


73 


And  on  the  times  of  public  joy. 
To  wheel  about  tbepondVous  toy^ 
He  kept  befide  a  noble  (Iring 
Of  horfet,  fit  to  draw  a  king ; 
All  of  high  bk>od»  ail  beafts  of  breedings 
But  viciouf  from  excefs  of  feeding  ^ 
Of' cour(bintra£iable  and  heady, 
Yefc  in  one  point  perverfely  fteady. 
Viz.  each  good  ileed  was  true  and  heafty 
To  his  pwn  intereft  and  his  party  § 
Nay,  this  curs'd  fpirit  had  poiTelt 
To  fuch  degree  each  (lurdy  beaft. 
That  not  |k4ii^le  chuff  v^ould  ipovt 
From  threats  or  foothing-fear  oclove, 
Unlefs  in  partnerlhip  he  drew 
With  thole  of  his  confederate  crew, 
Tbou^h  thus  the  clumfy  and  the  dever* 
lll-pair*d,  oft  hobbled  on  together. 
.   Hence,  when  the  coach  was  ordered 
out, 

JQck  would  refi^eiematcbwith  Stout, 
X  \p?A  one  inch  would  not  proceed 
Unle(8  impetuons  D^mond  led. 
Who  when  of  late  our  grand  premiei) 
And  then  i9ncheck*d  in  his  career, 
While  he  tugg'd  on  the  vaft  machine 
0*er  rough  and  finoiKb*  t^^  tliick  and 

thin, 
Would  often  with  their  rapid  turn 
Make  tbe  wheels  crack  aod  axle  burn  ; 
Yet  give  the  hanghcy  devil  hU  due. 
Tho  bold  his  quarteringt,  tbey  were 

true : 
Yes,  let  us  not  his  (kiH  diipafraji;^, 

?e  never  once  o*eriet  the  carriage, 
ho'  oft  he  hllffl'd  it  one  wonld  thinlc 
Juft  o'er  the  pitfalPs  headlons  brinks 
^hile  at  each  hattf-breadth 'icape,  his 
foes  [goes  I 

Would  cry,  there,  there,  by  G — d,  it 
And  as  (HiFBuck  would  ne'er  rubmiv 

f»Tit  on  thefe  terms  to  champ  the  bit, 
tout  in  return  was  fall  as  fuUen, 
Nor  the  fame  harnefs  would  he  pull  in, 
Unlefs  by  cautious  Duke  preceded, 
Or1»y  pacific  Sawney  headed  t 
The  body-coachman  hence  unable 
To  rule  the  refra^ry  ftable^ 
Was  fOrc'd  to  leave  the  faucy  brntts 
.To  terminate  their  own  difputes  | 
And  when  they  deign'd  to  wear  the 
traces  [place!  1 

;Chure  their  oWn  partners  and  their 
But  tir*d  tbemfelves  of  thefediftra^ous, 
RefoLv'd  at  laft  tb^feveraifaaions 
(F<(r  in  their  anger  all  had  wit) 
Some  terms  of  union  to  admit. 
Which,  that  mdfe  firmly  they  might 

bind. 
Drawn  in  this  form  by  all  ^e^e  fign'd.x 
K  .        We 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC  ^" 


7+ 


A  Th  iRO  "Lb  TTm 


Feb; 


We  the  coiife*aftbg  fteeds,  (expreft 
Here  was  the  name  of  each  prime  beaft, 
As  Di'mondy  Sawney,  Duke)  however 
Detenrnn^d  not  to  work  togetheri 
Yet  by  thefe  prefentt  are  amed. 
Together  peaceably  to  feeas 
On  this  account  then  (work. or  play) 
Let«ach  receive  hUcuftom^d  pay  i 
Confirm  we  bv  concurrine  TOtet 
To  each  hit  daily  peck  of  oats  i 
Brides,  omit  we  b^  no  meant 
Proportion^  quantities  of  beans  { 
Koryet  warm  meihes  when  we  chufe 
*cm  ['em  | 

Nor  Bracken's  balls  when  pleasM  to  ufe 
For  as  *tis  likely  from  full  feeding. 
At  times,  difeafes  may  be  breeding, 
'Tis  right,  for  every  |iorfe  that  is  fick, 
Who  finds  the  food  (houid  find  the  phy- 
fic. 
Thefe  previous  articles  now  closed. 
Here  prudent  Diamond  interposed. 
Long  fam*d  for  his  contempt  of  pelf. 
And  views  which  centerM  not  in  felf, 
•«  How  <:bang'd  at  prefcntP'  (or  no 
more  [wore.) 

Wears  he  that  mafic  which  once  he 
Quoth  he,  (wrapped  round  with  many 

a  clout 
His  greafy  heels,  the  hories  gout) 
*'  Snug  now  ouriUves  and  our  depen- 
dants, 
Shall  we  negleA  our  dear  defcendants  f 
Nay  e*en  from  fcripture  we  (bould  learn. 
For  our  own  houfiiolds  due  concern  i 
Left  we  incur  then,  to  our  Oiame, 
Of  infidels  th'accurfed  name. 
Provide  we  next  (if  fuch  your  will  is) 
For  all  our  prefent  colts  and  fillies  ^ 
No  matter,  though  for  this  fupply 
We  drain  our  m:%er's  cofiers  dry  i 
Stretch  we  the  grant  too,  if  ye  pleafe, 
E*en  to  the  future  colts  of  thefe  $ 
Then  to  their  coltlings  in  entail. 
Till  ifiue  of  fuch  iflue  fail : 
Well,  bullies,  are  you  all  content  ?"* 
Each  fteed  here  fnorted  his  aifent  s 
And,  more  t*expreis  their  joy  of  heart. 
All  let  at  once  th'obfbeperous  f— t : 
The  mews,  thro'  all  its  fpacious  round , 
He-echo'd  tath'unmanner*d  found , 
And  now  adjufted  their  pretenfions. 
And  thus  fecur'd  their  long-breath'd 

penfions, 
Like  porkers  fattening  in  the  fty. 
On  their  fat  rumps  at  eafe  they  lie  j 
Uplitter'd  to  their  ears  in  ftraw. 
Yet  not  a  fingle  beaft  will  draw. 

Dogs !  to  reduce  ye  all  to  reafon, 
I  wUh,  at  Icaft  for  fomic  ^rt  feafon, 
S 


That  in  yoUr  prefent  maftoi^t  ftead , 
Too  meek  to  tame  fi>  rough  a  breed. 
Too  mild  to  curb  your  factious  fpirit» 
Too  good  to  treat  you  as  ye  merit. 
Stem  boifterous  Cromvr^  from  the 

dead, 
Or  bluff  old  ICall  would  lift  bis  bead. 
That  I  might  fee  you  bound  and  fiup  ' 
Beneath  their  difcipltning  whip ; 
Thai  I  mieht  fee  your  pamperM  bidet* 
Flogg'd  till  from  out  your  fnrrowM^des 
Spun,  in  each  part,  the  fizy  blood, 
Toarich  (VonH  flotb  and  coptous  foNod^ 
That  thus  let  out  at  all  thefe  Ouiccs, 
It  may  purge  OflFia  vicious  juices , 
While  I  fbould  hear  you,  at  each  jerk* 
Cry,  la(b  no  morci  we*li  work)  we^ 

work  I 

A  third  Lettirfrom  Roufleau  /)r  Mr.  !>• 

YOU  will  perhaps  find,  my  deiir 
fir,  that  I  rejpeat  myfcif  ^  but  no 
matter:  The  affectation  of  finifiiin^^ 
thefe  letters  with  an  extreme  nicetj 
would  be  ridiculous.  I  fpeak  the  lan- 
guage of  the  heart  i  Is  it  then  furprt- 
^n^f  that  it  has  its  irregularities  ?  Leit 
anxious  about  an  infipid  exa£lnefs,  and 
a  delicate  variety,  than  an  ardent  de« 
fire  to  give  yon  proofs  of  my  friend* 
fhip,  I  will  follow  no  other  ordepthan 
that  fuggeftcd  by  the  cffufions  of  my 
heart. 

How  agreeable  it  is,  tiyy  dear  friend^ 
to  be  able  thus  to  continue  my  appeal^ 
to  you  I  Why  cannot  I  enjoy  yoiar 
company  here,  were  it  but  for  a  few 
moments  ?  My  heart  would  dihte  with 
joy,  when  I  confidered,  that  it  was 
yon  who  procured  it  that  fatisfadion. 
How  innocent  is  nature  in  this  rural 
retreat :  what  exquifite  pleafures  do  I 
here  tafte  ?  to  me  the  poflefiion  of  aH 
thetreafures  in  the  world  would  be  in- 
fipid,  deprived  of  the  tranquillity  I 
enjoy  in  this  new  and  folitary  abod^ 
Happy  times  1  when  created  by  tb« 
hand  of  their  bountiful  Maker,  our 
fathers  admired  with  tranfport  the  ri- 
fing  beauties  of  the  univerfe,  fipniii|^ 
from  Chaos  :  fortunate  tiroes !  I  once 
more  find  you  in  the  place  where  I 
now  dwell.  And  you,  my  dear  &gg 
may  you  enjoy  that  peace  and  content, 
ment,  which  are  the  natural  fruit  of 
your  fympathizing  heart ;  you  have 
endeavoured  to  make  a  fellow. creature 
happy :  you  defcrve  to  be  (6  yourfelf. 
The  happiaefi  infeparablt  from  tran. 

quillity 


i^  -. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 

^niility  suid  rcpofe  vras  not  made  lor 
traiton. 

Falfe  manl  deceitful  man!  never 
niin  t  ceafe  my  invedives againft  thee} 
Tbou  ceafeft  not  to  pra^ife  tby  falie* 
boods  and  deceits.  Permit,  roy  dear 
iriend,  I  befeech  tbee,  my  heart  thu» 
from  time  to  time,  to  give  vent  to  its 
angmihy  and  my  pen  to  la(h  vice :  your 
own  virtue  will  appear  the  more  con- 
Iplcuotts,  by  the  ftriking  contraft  of 
€»}oiiirt. 

Yes,  mani  proud  and  imperioui 
mn !  difplay,  as  much  as  thou  plear 
left,  thy  pomp  and  magniiiceiice  $ 
through  the  thick  veil  of  thy  deceit- 
ful outfide,  I  difcoyer  thy  bafenefs^ 
and  in  my  eyes  thou  art  ever  con- 
temptible. Since  thou  blufheft  not  at 
the  meannels  of  thy  origin,,  behold  thv 
deftiny  ;  compoied  of  duft,  thou  (haft 
jeturn  to  thy  firft  condition.  Thy 
life  ts  bat  a  moment  4  and  that  mo- 
nent  is  a  ftorm.  Thy  birth,  tby  li^ 
thy-deatb,  every  thing  ought  to  fill 
thee  with  humility  and  abafement; 
but,  Grange  as  it  m*y  feem,  thefe  ve- 
ly  things  toll  thee  with  pride..  Thou 
vt  blind,  it  is  true  4  but  thou  (hutteft 
thy  ef  ec  i^n(|  the  light.  Affirm,  as 
crafidently  as  thou  wilt,  that  thou  pai:- 
takcft  of  reafont  but  what  reaton  ? 
The  reafen  of  prqudice,  the  reaAm 
of  paffion  i  and  not  that  reafon  which 
h  pure,  fomd,  and  enlightened.  Ceafe 
thea  to  boaft  oTfeaibn^  it  is  not  rea- 
ibo  that  guides  thee;  'tis  thypafllons, 
thy  furious  aj^a  head  ftrong  paifions. 

No  ;  1  repeat  it :  a  light  that  leads 
me  aftray  i  a  gift  that  is  fatal  to  me  ; 
a  reafon  tjiat  ferves  me  as  an  apology 
forfflmes  deftru6tive  of  the  order  of 
Ibclehr,  of  honefty,  inugrity,  finceri- 
ty  i  that  reafon  is  no  longer  a  light, 
l^t^  or  reafon :  I  prefer  to  it  dark- 
jie^a  obfcurity,  and  inftinct  Reafon! 
^orcb  divine  J  thou  waft  given  to  mao, 
it  is  true,  in  bis  ftate  cu  innocence j 
tboa  oughteft  to  be  his  portion  :  but 
many  perverfe  man,  hath  abufed  thee, 
and  made  thee  an  apologift  for  his 
paflions  i  purpofe,  fure».  tar  dift'erent 
from  that  for  which  he  received  thee. 
But  fuch  is  the  nature  of  man,  he 
perverts  every  thing. 

Like  the  (acred  fare,  which,  in  their 
journey  from  Baby  ton,  thelfraeliteshid 
m  a  well  before  their  departure,  and 
at  their  return  fouiul  aothusg  but  dirtj 


From    M.   Rousseau. 


75 


our  reafon,  which  ought  to  ferve  us  as 
a  monitor  of  our  duty,  becomes  ob« 
fcnre;  the  fkcred  fire  isextin^j  and 
we  no  longer  find  anv  thing  but  earth- 
ly fentiments,  wandering  ftars,  an4 
(cattered  rays. 

The  fafcmation  hath  even  laid  hold 
of  our  fenfes  :  feldom  do  we  (ee  things 
as  they  really  are.  We  realize  chime- 
nis :  we  deftroy  realities.  Little  atten* 
tive  to  our  own  nature,  or  to  our  in« 
tereft,  we  cheriih  in  ourfelves  what  is 
moft  vile  and  defpicable.  We  idolize 
our  body!;  we  undervalue  our  mind. 
We  deceive  ourfelves;  and  we  are 
fond  of  our  errors :  but,  what  is 
ftill  worfe,  we  deceive  others:  the 
moft  accompli/hed  u  he,  that  plays  his 
part  with  the  greateft  dexterity  and 
addrefs;  and  provided  the  trick  bo 
well  managed,  other  tricks  muft  fiuiCh 
the  cheat.  The  vile  fport  of  our  own 
paftions,  and  of  thofe  of  others,  w« 
reckon  our  days  by  our  difguft,  t  the 
moft  happy  among  us,  is  frequently 
he  that  is  leaft  wretched  ;  and  furely« 
if  we  compare  our  real  miferies  with 
our  imaginary  btefilngi,  the  balance 
will  not  turn  out  in  our  favour.  Where 
then,  thou  blind  and  ftupid  mortal! 
where  is  the  fubjedl  of  thy  ridiculous 
vanity  ?  Adieu,  my  dear  friend  I  I 
embrace  you  moft  cordially.    - 

J.  J.    R0VSSE4U. 

Dr.  FothergillV  Obfervations  on  the  Ex* 
trad  of  the  Cicuta,  and  its  EffeBn 
From  Medical  Obrervations  and  £a« 
quiries>  VoL  III, 

"  TV^ U C H  of  the cxtraa,  hither- 
JLVJL  to  ufed,  has  not,  I  believe, 
been  made  with  due  attention  to  the 
feafon  when  the  plant  is  in  its  greateft 
perfedion.  So  foon  as  the  plant  ap- 
peared ftrong  and  fucculent,  it  was 
commonly  gathered  for  ufe.  But  X 
know  from  repeated  experiments,  that 
the  extrad,  prepared  from  hemlock 
before  the  plant  arrives  at  maturity, 
is  much  inferior  to  that  which  is  made 
when  the  hemlock  has  acquired  itsfiiU 
vigour,  and  is  rather  on  the  verge  of 
decline :  juft  when  the  flowers  fade, 
the  rudiments  of  the  feeds  become  ob- 
iervable,  and  the  habit  of  the  plant  in- 
clines to  yeUow,  feems  the  proper  time 
to  colle6l  the  hemlock.  It  has  then 
had  the  full  benefit  of  the  fummer  heat, 
and  the  plants  that  grow  in  exposed 
K  z  places 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


7« 


Ohftrvationi  en  the  Extragfefiht  Cicula. 


Feb; 


jftlacesy  will  generally  be  found  more 
virofe  than  thofe  that  gtow  in  the 
fhade. 

In  refpc^k  to  the  manner  of  prepar- 
ing' tbiB  extraft,  it  may  be  necefTary  to 
obferve  that  the  lefs  heat  it  ondergoea 
the  better.  Therefore,  if  a  confider- 
able  quantity  of  the  dry  powder  of 
the  olanty  gathered  at  a  proper  feafon» 
IS  added,  the  lefs  boiling  will  be  ne- 
cefTary,  and  the  medicine  will  be  the 
more  efficacious. 

But  let  the  extraf^  be  prepared  in 
"^xrhat  manner  foever  it  may,  provided 
it  is  made  from  the  genuine  plant,  at 
a  proper  feafon,  and  is  not  deftroyed 
by  boiling,  the  chief  diflPerence,  ob- 
fenrable  in  ufing  it,  is  that  a  larger 
quantity  of  one  kind  is  required  to 
produce  a  certain  effeA>  than  of  ano- 
ther. 

I  have  found  that  twenty  grain) 
c(f  one  fort  of  extra6i  have  been  equal 
in  point  of  efficacy  to  thirty,  nay, 
near  forty  of  another,  yet  both  of 
them  made  from  the  genuine  plant, 
and  moft  probably  prepared  with 
equal  fidelity. 

To  prevent  the  inconveniencies  ari- 
'fing  from  this  uncertainty,  it  fecms 
always  expedient  to  begin  with  fmail 
^ofes,  and  proceed,  ftep  by  ftep,  till 
the  extra€b  produces  certain  elFe^s, 
-which  feldom>fail  to  arife  from  a  full 
dofe. 

Thcfc  cfFe6^s  arc  different  in  diffe- 
rent conftitutions.  But,  for  the  moft 
part,  a  giddine(s  afte6ting  the  head, 
and  motions  of  the  eyes,  as  if  fome- 
thing  pufhed  them  outwards,  are  firft 
felt :  a  flight  ficknefs,  and  trembling 
agitation  of  the  body  j  a  laxative  ftooi 
or  two.  One  or  all  of  thefe  fymptomt 
are  the  marks  of  a  fuH  dofe,  let  the 
quantity  in  weight  be  what  it  will. 
-Here  we  moft  ftop  tiH  none  of  thefe 
effects  are  felt,  and,  in  three  or  four 
days,  advance  a  few  grains  more. 
For  the  general  experience  of  alt  who 
have  ufed  this  medicine  to  any  good 
purpofe,  with  whom  I  have  any  ac- 
quaintance, agree  that  the  cicuta  fd- 
dom  procures  anjr  benefit,  though 
given  for  a  long  time,  unlefs  in  at 
large  a  dofe  as  the  patient  can  bear 
without  fufiering  any  of  the  inconve- 
niencies above  mentioned. 

Patients  commonly  bear  a  greater 

quantity  of  theextraft  at  night,   than 

*«l^fMon  5  and  at  noon,  ^an  in  the 


momingw  The  method  1  eommonly 
follow  is  to  order  jir.  to  be  divide  into 
thirty  pills,  not  gilt.  Adults  be^in 
with  two  in  a  morning,  two  at  noon, 
and  three  or  four  at  night,  vnth  di- 
rections to  increafe  -each  dofe«  by  the 
addition  of  a  pill  to  each»  as  tbey  can 
bear  it. 

The  extraa  of  hemlock,  given  in 
thia  manner,  is  apparently  anodyne  : 
it  promotes  reft,  and  eafes  pain.  It 
feldom  creates  thirft,  or  that*kind  of 
morning  head-ach  which  fuccecds  an 
ojnate  of  any  kind. 

It  feldom  occafions  CofHvenefs,  but, 
in  moft,  it  procures  a  laxative  ftooi 
the  day  following. 

Infomt  habits  very  finaU  dofes  of- 
fend the  ftomach,  excite  fpafmodic 
twitchings,  heat  and  thirft.  In  fuch 
cafes,  I  immediately  forbid  its  ufe. 

From  the  certain  quality  it  poffeflet 
bf  altering  the  property  of  a  thin, 
corrofive,  canceroos  ichor,  and  change 
ing  it  to  a  milder  fluid,  I  have  been 
induced  to  try  it  in  fanious  ulcers, 
and  gleety  painful  difcharges  from  thie 
vagina,  and  often  with  fuccefs.  Alfo 
in  6xed  excruciating  pains,  probably 
arifing  from  acrimony,  not  diflimilar 
to  that  of  cancers.** 

if«#r4?/#/ ^  George  Jamefone,  a  Scotch 
Parntir* 

•*  /^  E  O  R  G  E  Jamefone  was  tli« 
.  VJ  VandyckofScothhd,  to  which 
*title  he  had  a  double  pretenfion,  not 
only  having  furpaffed  hit  countrymen 
at  a  portrait- painter,  but  from  his 
works  being  fometimes  attributed  to 
Sir  Antony,  who  was  his  fellow-fcho- 
lar ;  both  having  ftudied  under  Ru- 
bens at  Antwerp. 

Jamefone  was  fon  of  Andrew  Jame- 
fone, an  architect,  and  was  born  at 
Aberdeen  1586.  At  what  age  he 
went  abroad,  or  how  long  he  con- 
tinued there,  is  not  known.  After 
his  return,  he  applied  with  indefati. 
gable  induftry  to  portrait  in  oil, 
though  he  fometimes  pradifed  in 
miniature,  and  in  hiftory  and  land* 
fcape  too.  His  largeft  portraits  were 
generally  fomewhat  lefs  than  life. 
His  excellency  is  faid  to  confift  in  de- 
licacy and  fonnefs,  with  a  clear  and 
beautiful  colouring,  his  ftiades  not 
charged,  but  helped  by  varnifli,  with 
little  appearance  of  the  pencil.  There 
is  a  print  of  ium,  hit  wife  Ifabella 

Tofli 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^* 

T61h,  and  a  ybimg  fon,  fiainted  by 
lumfelf  in  16139  engraved  by  Alexan- 
der Janrefoney  his  defcendant,  tn 
17*8,  and  now  in  the  poiTeffion  *of 
Mr-  John  Alexander,  limner  at 
Edinbmrgb,  his  great  mndfon,  with 
odier  portraits  of  the  family,  painted 


Jmcidtes  cfn  Scots  PrntHer. 


77 


ANECDOTE. 

LB  Sage's  Gil  Bias,  far  excels  Ma 
Diable  Boiteux,  thoiif|h  the  latter 
has  had  more  regard  pud  it  than  the 
former.  The  firft  edition  had  amaa*. 
fuccefs,   and  the  fecond  fold  wicll 


by  Oeorge  i    pafticulariy  another  of   ftifl  mater  rapidity.    Two  noblti 


bunfeif  in  \m  (chool,  with  ilcetches 
both  of  biftory  and  landfcape,  and 
with  portraits  of  Charles  I,  his  queen, 
Janieione*8  wife,  and  four  others  of 
kis  works  from  the  Kfe. 

When  King  Charles  vifited  Scotland 
in  »633,  the  ma^iftrates  of  Edinburgh, 
knowing  his  majeily's  tafte,  employed 
famelbne  to  mahe  drawings  of  the 
fioottilh  monarchs,  witli  which  the 
king  was  fo  much  pleafed,  that  en« 
quiring  for  the  painter,  he  fat  to  him, 
and  rewarded  him  with  a  diamond 
ring  firom  hit  owa  finger. 

It  is  obfervable  that  }amefon  al- 
ways drew  himfelf  with  hit  hat  on, 
other  in* imitation  of  his  mafter  Ru- 
bens, or  on  having  been  indulged  iti 
that  liberty  by  the  king  when  he  iat 
to  htm.*' 

The  following  extrafts  from  tht 
archiTes  of  die  Bredalbane  family, 
nay  give  the  reader  fome  idea  of  tfat 
vheapne&  of  paintings  in  Scotland  in 
Jaaiefbne*s  time. 

Item,  the  laid  Sir  Coline  Campbell 
fSth  laird  of  denorchy)  gave  unto 
George  JaneTon,  painter  in  Edin- 
4>«gfa,  for  King  David  BniyfTef, 
fcins  of  .  Scotland,  and  Charles  the 
ttt  Kxom  ofGneat  Brittane,  France  and 
Ireland,  and  his  majefties  quein,  and 
for  nine  more  of  the  queins  of  Scot- 
land their  p<Mtraitf,  qunilks  are  fet  up 
in  the  hall  of  Balfdck  [now  Tay- 
month}  the  fum  of  tua  hundredth  thrie 
ftor  punds. 

Mai  r  the  (aid  Sir  Coline  gave 'to  the 
ind  George  l^mefbne  for  the  knight 
of  Lockow's  lady,  and  the  firft  coun- 
ted of  Argylle,  and  fix  of  the  ladys 
of  Gtenurqohajr  their  portraits,  and 
the  bad  Sir  Coline  his  own  portrait, 
Qohints  are  fet  up  in  *  the  chalmer  of 
i>eafs  of  BaUock,  ane  hundredth  four 
KOire  punds.** 

It  is,  perhaps,  here  nece/Iary  to  in- 
iorra  the  reader,  that  a  hundred  pounds 
"Scots,  does  not  exceed  in  vahie  eight 
pounds  fevcn  or  eight  IhilliDgs  fter- 
iiag. 


conung  to  the  bookfeller's,  fotnidonly 
one  fmgle  copy  remaining,  which  each 
was  for  purchaftng  $  and  the  difputt 
grew  fo  warm,  that  they  were  |;oii^  t* 
decide  it  by  the  fword,  had  not  tha 
book  feller  interpofed.  ButtiieauthoTy 
by  whom  the  bookfelkr  made  a  for* 
tone,  ■  died  poor.** 

Hiftory  of  0t  mnv  JJUmd  tvbichrofe  tmt  rf 
tbefeaf  near  Ifle  Santorin,  m  tbt 
Archepelago,  in  ryoy. 

THE  Ifland  Santorin  was  known 
to  the  ancients  by  the  name  of 
Thera  orTheramena,  and  was  famous 
for  its  gulph,  in  which  there  appeared 
moo  years  before  Cfarift,  an  ifland,  now 
called  the  Great  Cameni  or  the  Great 
^Burning  Ifland.  It  is  called  Great, 
hecaufe  in  the  year  t$7i  another  ro(h 
tiut  of  the  fame  gulph  left  than  the 
^rmer.  It  was  in  this  gulph,  and  be- 
tween thefe  two  buming^iflands,  that 
in  theyear  lyoy,  on  the  »id  of  May* 
at  day- break,  the  ifland  In  queftion 
^was  feen  to  rife  out  of  thefea,  a  league 
irom  Santorin*  Its  appearance  wat 
preceded  by  a  flight  earthquake,  occa- 
iioned  no  doubt  by  tiie  mdtion  of  that 
enormous  mafs  ormatter,  which  was 
beginning  to  bre^  off  from  the  hot* 
tom,  and  gradually  to  afcend  towards 
the  furface  of  the  water.  Some  mari- 
•ners,  perceiving  from  the  fliore  fome- 
thing  which  feemed  to  float  upon  the 
fea,  imagined  it  might  be  part  of  a 
wreck,  and  went  towards  it  in  their 
boats;  but  finding  that  it  confifted  of 
a  large  mafs  of  rock  and  earth,  which 
were  vifibly  riling  'higher,  they  were 
terrified,  and  returned  to  Santorin 
with  all  fpeed,  where  they  fpread  a  ge- 
neral confternation  by  their  report.-^ 
At  length  fome  of  the  inhabitants, 
who  had  more  courage  and  curioflty 
than  the  refl,  refohred  to  examine 
into  the  affiiir  themfelves.  According- 
br  they  went  up  to  the  new  ifland,  and 
feeing  no  danger,  they  landed  upon  it. 
In  going  from  one  rock  to  another, 

they 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


78 

thty  obferved  the^round  every  where 
covered  with  whufe  ftones,  as  eafily  to 
he  broken  at  bread,  and  very  much 
like  it.  They  found  likewife  a  lar^^ 
number  of  frelh  c^fters  (licking  to  it« 
with  which  they  were  ^oing  to,  fill 
their  veiTels ;  but  perceivmg  the  rocks 
move  and  rife  under  their  feet,  they 
were  alarmed »  and  immediately  madq 
off  in  their  boats.  This  fliaking  wa^ 
•ccafioned  by  the  riiing  of  the  ifland^ 
which  in  a  few  da^^s  had  gained  above 
twenty  feet  in  height  and  forty  feet 
in  breadth  $  fo  that  by  the  bqgmning 
c^  June  it  ftopd  upward  of  thirty  feet 
above  the  furface  of  the  fca,  and 
might  be  five  hundred  paces  round. 
But  the  five  or  fix  following  days*  its 


Hiflory  of  a  new  IJland.  Feb. 

Hitherto  neither  ftre  nor  fmoke  had 
been  feen.  But  on  the  appearaoc* 
of  thefe  eighteen  rocks,  clouds  oC 
fmoke  mixed  witfai  fire  begun  to  rifc^ 
which  however  were  only  feen  bynightf 
but  at  the  fame  time  horrible  no^fes 
were  heard  accompanied  with  fubter* 
raneous  thunders,  which  feemed  to 
come  from  the  center  of  the  ifland» 
It  was  obferved  that  from  the  White 
IHand  proceeded  neither  fire  nor 
fmoke  s  but  the  Black  Ifle  continued 
to  throw  them  out  with  fo  much  vio^ 
lence,  that  they  were  feen  as  far  olt 
as  Candia,  which  is  thirty -two  les^foes 
from  Saatorin. 

The  fire  increafed  as  the  Black  Ifland 
rofe  higher,  and  as  the  breaches  in  i^ 


increafe  being  almoft   imperceptible,    gave  it  more  vent.    The  fea  became 


It  was  imagined  it  would  nfe  no 
higher.  The  part  that  now  appeared 
was  round  and  confifted  of  a  white 
earth,  from  whence  they  gave  it  the 
name  of  the  White  Ifland. 

The  different  motions  of  the  iiland^ 
and  the  rocks  that  were  detached  from 
it,  which  fometimes  rofe  above  the 
fea  and  fometimes  funk  down  again, 
often  changed  the  colour  of  the  water. 
For  fome  hours  it  appeared  peen, 
then  yellow  or  rcddi(h,  according  to 
the  different  minerals  which  came 
from  the  bottom  of  this  abyfs.  Sul- 
phur  was  the  mofl  prevalent ;  and  for 
twenty  miles  round,  the  waters  were 
tinged  with  it.  The  boiling  of  the 
waves  about  this  new  ifland  was  very 
extraordinary  5  and  an  exceflTive  heat 
was  felt  as  one  came  near  it.  All  the 
fides  were  covered  with  dead  fifli, 
which  were  driven  afhore  by  the  daflfi- 
ing  of  the  waves,  and  the  air  was 
tainted  with  an  abominable  flench 
which  reached  as  far  as  Santorin. 

The  whole  month  of  June  and  half 
July,  things  remsuned  nearly  in  the 
Yame  flate  ;  but  on  July  16  there  was 
a  new  ohenomenon  more  terrible  than 
any  of^  the  former.  .  Towards  funfet 
was  feen,  fixty  paces  from  the^  Whiu 
Ifland,  a  column  confining  of  eighteep 
black  rocks,  which  rofe  out  of  a  part 
of  the  gulph,  which  was  fo  deep  that 
it  could  never  yet  be  fathomed.  Thefe 
eighteen  rocks,  which  at  firfl  ap- 
peared a  little  diftance  from  each 
other,  being  united,  formed  a  fecond 
ifland,  which  is  called  the  Black  Ifland, 
and  which  foon  after  was  joined  to 
the  Whitf  Ifle.  -*    ' 


more  agitated,  the  boiling  of  the  wa- 
ters more  violent  $  and  the  air,  whicb 
every  day  grew  more  noifome,  joined 
with  the  fmoke  which  the  ifland 
threw  out,  almoft  took  away  their 
breath  at  Santorin,  and  ilbf<5lutely 
deftroyed  all  their  vineyards. 

In  the  night  from  the  1  ft  to  the  ad 
of  Auguft  a  noife  was  he^rd  like  the 
difcharge  of  camion,   and  at  the  fame 
time,  two  flieets  of  flame  burft  out  from 
one  of  the  mouths  of  the  Black  Ifland 
which  were  extinguiflied  in  the  air« 
The  following  days  the  noife  increaf- 
ed and  refembled  the  moft  dreadful 
claps  of  thunder,   fo  that  the  doors 
and  windows  in  Santorin  were  for  the 
moft  part  eithef  broke  or  Very  muclt 
fhaken.    Red  hot  ftohes  of  an  enor<» 
mous  fize  were  then  feen  flying  in  the 
air.    From  the  largeft  mouth  of  tbe 
volcano   iffued  mountains  of  fmoke 
mixed  with  aflies,  which,  being  drivea 
>y  the  wind,    covered  all  the  neieh* 
bouring   parts.    Some   of  the    a&es 
were  carried   as    far  as  the    ifle  of 
Anifi,   eight  leagues  from  Santorin  1 
and  a  (hower  of  fmaller  ftones  all  oa 
fire,   falling  upon  the  lefTer  Cameni^ 
formed   a    fcene,   which   on   a   lefa 
dreadful   occafion  would    have  beeti 
very  pleafing.     Every  day  prefented 
Something  new.    After  the  ufual  up^ 
roar,  there  was  one  while  tbe  appear- 
ance of  rockets  iffuihg  from  the  large 
opening,    and  at  other  times  (heaves 
of  fire,  which,    after  mounting  to  a 
great  height,   fell  down  again  m  ilara 
upon  the  White  Ifland,   which    was 
quite  illuminated  with  them, 
lill   Januaiy    1708^     the   volcano 
continued 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tfSS. 


Travels  in  SissRiAr 


19 


condmiedits  eruptions  feveral  timet 
m  a  day.  Febuary  lo.  the  fire«  the 
fbokf,  the  (ubterraneous  noifes,  the 
boiling  of  the  feat  and  the  whirling 
of  bot  ftones  became  ftill  more  dread- 
ful than  ever,  and  increafed  by  the 
15th  of  April  to  fuch  a  degree,  that 
itwai  inulgined  the  new  iiUn^  mud 
bye  been  qnite  blown  up.  But  after 
that,  the  claps  of  thunder  became  lefs 
tenihle,  the  waters  more  calm,  and 
the  tench  was fcarce  perceived :  though 
the  fmoke  ftill  grew  thicker,  the  fho wer 
of  afliet  ftill  continued  to  fall,  and  the 
iflaod  ftill  increafed  towards  the  fouth. 

On  the  15th  of  July  fome  ecclefiaftict 
ventnred  near  a  part  of  the  liland 
where  there  was  no  fire  or  fmoke,  with 
M  iBtention  of  landiqg.  Bu(  when 
they  came  within  200  paces,  they  ot>- 
ferved  the  water  grew  hotter  as  they 
^nnced.  They  founded,  but  could 
find  no  bottom,  though  their  line  was 
95  fathom.  While  they  were  delibe- 
ntiflg  what  they  ftiould  do,  they  dif« 
covered  that  the  caulking  of  their 
htk  nelted,  upon  which  they  imme- 
diately haftened  awray  to  Santoria. 
The?  were  no  (boner  returned,  than 
the  hfge  mouth  of  the  volcano  began 
itmfoal  eruptions,  and  threw  out  a 
Quantity  of  large  fiery  ftones,  which 
kU  oa  the  place  tbey  had  juft  left. 
Meafariflg  this  new  illand,  which  they 
did  from  the  larger  Cameni,  they 
fotmd  it  too  feet  high,  100  broad,  and 
5000  rtunnd. 

^  J7J0  it  burnt  again,  and  tor- 
resti  of  fire  and  fmoke  ifiued  out  from 
iti  and  the  fea  boiled  up  all  round.— 
lo  1711  the  iiland  was  near  three 
^^Sm  round.  But  neither  any  mo- 
^  nor  iocreafe  was  obferved.  Thp 
^^7  of  the  larger  mouth  was  fo  much 
^^^t  that  no  fubterraneous  noifes 
*ffe  heard :  there  only  ifltied  ibme 
f«oke ftill,  aind  a  li<)uid  matter,  fome-' 
^ioeiyeUow,  Ibmetimes  red,  but  moft 
^lleatly  green,    which  tinged    the 

fe*  for  aore  than  a  league. Pliny 

affores  m,  that  the  ilhnd  of  Santorin 
^  ro(e  out  of  the  lea,  and  many 
«^  ifles  in  the  Archipelago  are  faid 
^  hate  bctn  prodaced  in  the  fiimc 
fitter." 

^'inS  firwm  GmtVitCs  Traveti  m  Si- 

beria. 
!•  IITE  left  Krafnoiarfk  as  foon  as 
f  T    fo&bl^  and  at  the  diftanc« 


of  &vt  or  fix  hundred  paces  from  tbo 
vlDase  of  Ladaika,  I  obferved  a 
wooden  crofs,  which  thev  told  me  had 
been  ere£ied  there  for  the  fecurity  o^ 
the  traveller.  I  afked  them  to  what 
danger  he  was  expofed,  and  was  inr 
formed  that  a  number  of  eenii,  fpirits* 
or  daemons,  infefted  thole  woads,  ana 
the  children  of  Ladaika,  who  went  to 
play  there,  were  frequentljr  led  aftrayV 
and  not  found  for  a  fortnight.  Th« 
trofs  was,  therefore,  ere^ed  in  the 
moft  dangerous  place,  in  order  to 
keep  off  thefe  mifchievous  daemons, 
This^  wood,  indeed,  is  very  thick, 
and  it  is  no  difficult  flatter  to  lofa 
one*s  way  in  it|  to  plant  crofies^ 
therefore^  at  proper  diftances  is  vtrf 
eilential  to  one*s  fafety.  A  litt& 
further  we  meet  with  the  fort  of  Kanf^ 
koi  and  fome  poor  Tatares,  many  of 
whom,  notwitbftanding  their  poverty^ 
have  two  wives.  Neither  the  men 
nor  the  women  wear  fhifts  or  ihirta 
except  fuch  as .  have  been  baptized, 
and  thofe  are  but  few.  They"  never 
wa(h,  and  if  you  reproach  them  for 
their  filthinefs,  they  only  reply, 
**  Their  anceftors  lived  in  the  fame 
way."  When  they  go  to  deep  or 
lounge  in  their  huts,  they  place  them- 
felves  round  the  fire,  which  is  in  the 
center  of  the  hut,  and  lie  with  their 
legs  and  arms  twilled  together  in  fuch 
a  manner,  that,  by  turning  alter- 
nately, they  come  as  regularly  to  the 
fire  as  a  piece  of  roaft  meat.  Inftead 
of  bread,  the  Tatares  ufe  the  bulboua 
roots  of  the  mountain  lilly,  or  others 
of  the  fame  kind,  and  never  work  at 
all.  Their  principal  employment  it 
hunting  fables,  which  they  have  va<y 
rious  methods  of  catching.  Whea 
this  animal  is  clofe  purfued,  he  gene- 
rally gets  up  into  a  high  tree,  upoa 
which  the  Tatares  immediately  fet  fire 
to  it  I  and,  in  order  to  efcape  the 
fmoke  and  the  fire,  the  fable  leaps 
down,  and  falls  into  a  net. 

The  dexterity  and  fuccefs  of  the 
Tatares  in  catching  fables,  makes 
Kanficoi  a  eonfiderable  mart,  and  the 
merchants  that  go  to  China  generally 
make  fome  ftay  there. 

Before  we  arrive  at  the  (brt  o^ 
Oudinikoi,  we  traverfe  feyeral  large 
woods  of  firs,  cedars^  birches,  farche^ 
and  poplars.  In  this  fort  are  kept  the 
tribute- f^ins  of  the  Tatares.  In  the 
adjacent  parts  are    feveral  Bouretef, 

whi<ih 


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^o. 


FaSHJOHS   in    Sl2X1tlA^ 


livhicfitlieRuilianscallBratdd,  amongjft 
whom  moit  of  the  men  have  their  hair 
cut  on  the  crowH  of  the  head«  and 
wear  the  RufGan  drefs.  The  princi* 
pal  ornament  of  the  women  is  the  at- 
tire of  their  hair.  They  drefs  it  in 
two  tref&s  or  braids^  which  fall  on 
iach  fide  of  the  neck  before^  and 
they  commonly  mix  other  hair  with 
it,  to  ihcreafe  its  length  and  thick- 
nefs.  At  the  ends  of  the  trelTes  thev 
have  .pretty  large  balls  through  whicn 
the  hairs  pais,  and  are  fattened  below 
by  a  knot.  They  wear  a  fillet  of  the 
inanufa^ure  of  the  country,  which 
Ihey  tie  behiiid  the  head.  To  this 
filkt  is  tied  a  large  necklace  of  iron 
tina»  which  goes  under  the  chin} 
and  beiides  this  they  wear  another  of 
the  iame  ]und»  which  they  tie  faft 
pver  it.  Their  garments  coniift  of  a 
fur  gown,  and  a  kind  of  cloak  without 
HeeveSy  madeef  oainted  leather*  which 
they  wear  over  the  gown.  The  pris 
dre^  their  hair  in  more  than  two 
.trefTes*  at  they  do  amongft  the  Ta- 
f  ares,  and  make  twenty  of  it,  if  they 
have  fufficicnt  for  the  purpofe.  They 
brought  us  a  girl  out  of  one  of  the 
principal  families  in  the  country.  Be- 
hind (he  had  five  ribbands  which 
Jiung  from  a  piece  of  leather  fattened 
to  her  Ihoulders,  and  at  the  end  of 
each  ribband  was  a  little  bell.  She 
wore  a  large  girdle  adorned  with  fe- 
deral rings  of  brafs,  and  (hell-work, 
&c.  covered  with  plates  of  iron. 
When  one  of  the(e  girls  of  the  firtt 
rank  is  difpofed  of,  (he  is  ftripped  of 
the  cirdle  and  the  bells ;  but  it  is  not 
necenary  in  this  country  to  fell  a  girl 
to  a  man  before  he  partakes  of  her 
favours,  for  the  lady  that  was  intro- 
duced to  us  was  with  child.  A  Bou- 
rete  gives  up  his  daughter  as  the  Ta- 
tares  do,  for  a  certain  fum  of  money 
or  a  quantity  of  goods,  and  does  not 
j>art  with  her  till  he  is  paid. 

We  fent  for  three  Chamans  or  con- 
jurees,  which  in  the  Boretian  language 
are  called  Boe.  We  never  faw  any 
Chaman  in  ^  Siberia  in  fo  frightful  a 
drefs.  Their  robe  is  a  gown  of  (kins, 
hung  over  with  pieces  of  old  iroii, 
•  and  the  claws  of  the  eagle  and  the 
owl.  Thefe  iron  clinkers  render  the 
drefs  extremely  heavy,  and  make  a 
liorrid  noifc.  Their  caps  are  high 
.and^  pointed,  like  thofe  of  our  gre- 
pajdiers,  and  are  covered  yyith  the  ta* 


Ions   of  the  birde   ahovementioned« 
Thefe  terrible  conjurers  waited  on  ut 
in  the  nig^t,  'becau(e  the  day,   thejr 
faid,    was  not   proper  for  forceries4 
They  chofe  for  the  fcene  of  their  cx-> 
hibitions  the  court  in  which  we  werci 
«nd  made  a  fire  there.    One  of  them 
took  his  tambour,  which  was  prettv 
large.    The  ftick  re(embled  a  (maU 
rod  of  iron,   on  which  the  (kin  of  a 
(quirrel  is   fattened   inftead  of  hair« 
Their  magic   ceremonies   w^e    like 
thofe  of  other  conjurers  whom    we 
had  feen,  and  had  the  fame  fuccefs. 
We  afked  them,  for  inftance,  whether 
a    man  who  lived   at  Mo(cow  was 
ftill  alive.    The  conjurer,    after  dame 
contorfions,  anfwered  that  the  devil 
could  not  go  fo  far ;  for  it  is  the  devU 
who  is  fuppofedto  inftru&themin  what 
is  required*   They  writhed  their  faces* 
and  their  bodies,  cried  like  madmen, 
and  the  fweat  fell  from  them  in  large 
drops  under  the  weight  of  their  clothes. 
Their  countrymen  pay  them  for  their 
bufinefs;    but  they  weie  obliged  to 
exhibit  gratis  before  us  s  and  to  pu* 
hi(h  them  a  little  for  this  rogui(h  traf- 
fic,   we  made  them  begin  uieir  work 
feveral  times  over.    He  who  had   ex- 
cu(ed  his  devil  from  going  to  make 
enquiries  at  Mof^ow,   on  account  of 
the  length  of  the  journey,   confulted 
him  about  the  matter  once  more,  and 
after  feme  contorfions,  a(ked  whether 
the  man  in  queftion    had  not    grey 
hair*.    We  an(Wered  in  the  affirma- 
tive  i  upon  which,  having  leaped  and 
beat   his  tambour   ibmetime  loh^^erj 
he  alTured  us  that  the  man  waa  dead, 
and  fo  indeed  he  had  been  for  HfM 
years  at  leatt.  ] 

We  went  to  fee  the  tribute  (kins  j 
the  f6rt  of  Oudin(koi.  They  wej 
the  fpoils  of  bears,  wolves,  foxt 
fquirrels,  and  fables.  Some  (kins 
the  latter  were  extremely  beautlfi 
as  wdl  as  fome  of  the  foxes.  .  Two  - 
the  latt  were  almoft  entirely  blac 
One  of  them  had  odly  a  little  grey 
the  lower  part  of  the  back,  and  | 
other  a  yellowi(h  white  ;  this  lad  ^ 
not  enureiy  black  along  the  baf 
it  had  only  a  black  (Treak  whi 
reached  frOm  the  (houkiers  nest 
to  the  loins.  The  fides  were  of 
yellowi(h  wKito  as  well  as  the 
part  of  the  back :  betwixt  that 
the  ftreaks  was  a  mixture  of  bWurlc 
^rey  hairs.    The  b^liy  of  tfich 


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1769. 


CEwr^^^y  Lpjrabw. 


Jike  the  back.  The  black  fax  hatf.  i|i 
white  foot  above  his  bl^ea(ly  about  thp^ 
^ase  of  a  crowiv  3  the  pth^f  V^at  aK 
moft  entirely  grey  about  the  thno^ 
without  any  white  fpeck*  They  bpth 
^d  black  flap!  ai^d  black  tails,  ^odt 
the  extremity  of  the  tails  was.  whiter 
as  faov.  A  third  hsd  a  black  oa  the, 
aiddieof  his  belly,  from  the  throai 
and  the  interior  part  of  the  flaps  $  the 
reft  was  of  the  fox  coloMr»,  red^  as 
well  as  the  fides  and  the  top  of  the  tail, 
bat  the  upper  and  the  nuddk  parts 
were  black."^ 

Cbara^ir    §f    tbi    famous     Ig^natius 
,  Loyala.    ¥rm  The  Capitulauon  of 
France*  ^r. 


^  \TJZ  JE  mnft  not,  fays  our  author, 

yy    confound  the  iUuftrious B#/-  ^W,  jou'/baU^kg  under  it 


Ki^sm  hero  with  the  fools  and  mad 
■cn»  who  have  already  paiTed  under 
our  review.  His  diwi  ihoold  have 
Wwi  Ihofe  words  of  the  gofpel,  i 
$aau  mi  H  fend  feate^  bu%  a  fwdrd. 
This  immortal  patriarch  o£  the  dif- 
turbers  of  the  tni^uility  of  kingdoms, 
and  of  the  peace  of  the  church,  bad« 
no  doabt,  now  and  then  fome  fits  of 
nndne^  occafioned  by  the  reading 
of  legends  during  the  cuceof' the 
•Pomd  ia  his  leg,  wbich'he  received 
II  the  battle  of  Perfngnan.  The  air 
^  the  court  and  of  fociety,  however^ 
ibon  diiipatcd  thofe  vapours,  which 
only  inflamed  his  vigorous  imagina* 
tioB,  without  hurting  his  judgment. 
We  flight  rather  to  believe  the  great 
Coodc^  account  of  him,  than  Doctor 
6tiUingfleet*s«i— In  8t.  I^atius,  faid 
this  priBce»  I  alwsyi  ice  a  C^far^ 
who  does  nothing  without  the  bett 
Rafirae  for  his  condud  \  and  in  Fran- 
CIS  Xavier  I  obferve  an  Alexander, 
the  ardour  of  whofe  courage  parried 
Inin  often  too  fxr.^r^natins,  a  warrior, 
load  of  power  and  command,  was, 
in  hts  in/litnttofiff  particularly  attentive 
to  the  perpetuity  and  extenfion  of  his 
notbority.  It  is  well  known  that  in 
SffKBotin?  the  generalftiip  of  the  order, 
hn  imroedlately  took  pofleflion  of  it 
Inmfelf,  aiid  his  firft  precept  to  his 
£^ples  was,  ihai  tbey.  /boidd  bi  m  tbe 
ipMtt  of  ib^  fuperior  as  a  broom  in 
fbe  bamdi  rfa  maid,  and  to  aUpnui  tbanr 
fdvos  Ukg  the  broom  to  be  emfioye^  for 
roery  furp^,  Tbefe  are  the  exprefs 
l^vds  of  his  conftittttions  i  and  dur* 
snathe  whole  of  his  life,   |if  cimfed 


at 

t)if.  precept  to  he  M^nA  liitft  ftrftsm- 
n,efs  and  haughtine^  which  left  n^. 
tilling  to  be  doi^e  by.  his  fuccefibrs  in. 
order  to  enforce  iti  We  are  told  by. 
^  difciples,  that  9ii€  day  he  receivedl 
^  vi(i(  from  Prince  Colonna,  during 
which  a  lay  brother  was  oblfged  to^ 
qome  to  htm  with  a'meflkge  that  re- 
quired diipatch.  Ignatius,  who  wanted 
tp  bring  his  conference  with  the  prince 
to  a  proper  paufe,  befdre  he  received 
th^  mefT^gc,  defired  his  brother  to  fit 
cjown,  who,  out  of  rtC^eSt,  excufed 
himrclffucce/Tively.  The  fiiint,  giving; 
way  to  a  pious  indignation  at  the  dii^^ 
obedience  of  his  fubjeft,  took  the  flooJi 
and  put  it  on  his  neck,  faying  witlh 
a  holy  wannfeh,-^Br0^€r,  jou  ought  Ut 
ohey,  aadfifteeyou  ^tvould  not  be  i^M  1^ 
^•a/,  jott/baU  be  under  it.  The  poor; 
brother,  to  the  great  aftonilhment  of 
Xjofi  P5ince,  continued  with  his  neck 
in  this  fbrange  kind  of  coilari  until 
hit  highnefs  took  leave. 
,  A  prieft  of  the  order  being  once  at 
the  altar  celebrating  mafs,  Ignatius^ 
in  order  to  make  trial  of  his  obedience, 
waited  till  he  had  begun  the  words  oB 
the  confecration,  and  in  that  folemtt 
moment,  ordered  him  to  be  called ^ 
The  prieft  not  thinking  that  a  prefe- 
rence was  due  to  his  foperior  before 
God  Almighty,  finiflied  this  p^t  of 
the  folemnity  helbre  he  obeyed.  At 
laft*.  Ignatius  himfeif  called  to  the 
pried  with  a  loud  voice,  and  hi  terms 
fo  authoritative,*  that  the  prieft,  ima- 
gtoiog  his  fuperior  was  now  accounta- 
ble for  the  irregularity  of  the  orders, 
ind  for  his  compliance,  flopped  fliorr^ 
and  ran  to  receive  his  commands; 
The  iUpenor,  irritated  at  his  hefitatioB> 
fent  him  to  the  fefityy  faying,  at  the 
fame  time,  with  afeveretone.  Father, 
you  <wbo  ha<ue  fiudied  fo  long^  fiouU 
bave.  bnpwn  that  obedience  it  better  ihatt 
facrifce.  Cardinal  Cajetan,  his  co- 
temporary,  ind  founder  of  the  order 
of  Tbeatines,  invited  him  to  unite  thei^ 
refjpe^ve  difciples  into  one  fociety  | 
but  .Ignatius  cefufed  the  incorpora- 
tion, not  being  wilUng'  to  expdfd 
himfidf  to  n  divifion  of  command*-^ 
Frauicis  Xavier,  defiring  to  go  to 
Chtna^  to  briog  that  great  empire 
to  the  GfarifHan  faith,  as  he  had  done 
that  of  Japan,  wrote  to  Ignatius  at 
great  length,  fignifying  his  intentioni 
and  enlarging  on  the  migbtyatchicve- 
ttent  ef  piety  .whith  l^  had  reafoa 
Ii  te 


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«2 


VHTUBS    or    TANiEY.' 


Fthi. 


to  expeft  In  thk  nfiiRoii.  Ignatiut, 
on-  a  fcrap  of  paper,  writat  the  letter 
Jy  -  fignifying  in  Latin,  j^a.— Doroioi* 
{fit,  whoTe  ambition  we  have  had  oc- 
cafton  to  mention^  was,  bot  a  child 
hi  comparifon  of  this  imperious  Bif" 

Ignatius,  concludes  our  author, 
was  certainly  one  of  thofe  extraordi* 
nary  peribnages,  who  are  formed  for 
bringing  about  the  greateft  revolu- 
tions. In  the  chair  of  St.  Peter  he 
Would  have  gone  farther,  and  with 
more  poKcy  than  the  Hildebrands. 
In  the  condition  in  which  he  appeared, 
lie  rofe  to  the  higheft  degree  of  hu- 
man greatnefs,  having  an  abfolute 
power  over  the  bodies  and  fouls  of 
Ynt-  followers ;  this  MahMUt^  MmbiHei 
•«  he  was,  durft  not  fo  much  as  at- 
tempt. The  profcription  of  his  trnftitu- 
turn  renders  it  unneccfTary  for  me  to^ 
iiiy  any  thingr  more  of  htm  in  tbe  cha- 
rader  of  an  inftitutmr.  It  is  not  to  be 
doubted  but  that  he  clearly  fbrefaw, 
what  his  iuftitntion,  when  duly  e(hi- 
bli/hed,  would  enable  his  fuccelTors 
to  accompliih.  It  has  been  faid,  and 
truly  faid,  by  the  moft  refpe^able 
authority^  that  the  firft  general  of  the 
jefuiis  and  the  laft  were  of  the  fame 
chambers  t^ia  is  true^  however,  in 
regard  to  their  views  and  intentions : 
In  point  of  genius  and  ability,  Hie 
prince  of  Conde  would  have  faid, 
Cffar  ttttt  nrnk  habert  partm^^ 

rt   thi  AUTHOR  a/  tht  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  R>  Leigh,  Jan.  15,  176S. 

TH  E  knowled^  of  difeafes  would 
be  very  ufelefs  if  there  were  no 
remedies,  but,  to  our  comfort,  the 
vegetable  kingdom  fupplies  us  with 
manj,  were  they  only  more  ufed : 
Having  fpoken  of  Carduua  laft,  wewiU 
«ext  treat  of  Tanfey. 

This  herb  growa  wiW  by  road  fides, 
and  tbe  borders  of  fields,  and  is  fre- 
quently alfo  cultivated  in  gardens  both 
^r  kitchen  and  medicinal  ufes.  It 
flowers  in  June,  July,  and  Augufl: 
The  leaves,  flowers,  and  feeds,  are  the 
only  parti  made  u(b  of. 

Confidered  as  a  medicine,  it  is  a 
moderately  warm  bitter,  of  a  ftrong 
but  no  very  difgreeable  flavour.  The 
leaves  and  feeds  are  reckoned  good 
againft  worms.  The  laft  are  lefs  bit- 
ler,   axd  mofC  ftCrid   imd  aromatic 


thafttiiofeof  Rue,  to  which  they  are? 
reckoned  flmilar  \  or  of  Santonicum,  or" 
Worm  feed,  for  which  they  have  beeh 
frequentlv  fubftituted. 

This  plant  is  good  to  provoke  urine; 
force  away  fand  and  gravel,  and  eafet 
the  chblick  \  refifts  vapours  and  hyftc^r 
ric  fits  I  profokes  the  menfes,  but  a-  o 
bove  all,  and  for  which  I  chiefly  treat  v 
of  it  here,  it  gives  eafe  in  the  gout, 
whether  in  joints,  Iknbs,  or  ftomacb, 
and  is  a  Angular  remedy  againfl  the 
fcurvy  in  a  cold  habit  of  body  like-, 
wife. 

The  expreffed  juice,  from  three  to 
flx  or  eight  fpoontuls,  is  a  fpecifick  for 
the  gout  in  the  flomacb,  taken  in  any 
fit  vehicle,  as  white  wine,  or  brandy 
plain  or  daihed  with  water,  night  an<t 
morning  \  fo  taken  it  ^vea  eaie  in  the 
Gout  wnether  in  the  limbs  orftomacb, 
and  carries  off  by  urine  the  morbifick 
tartarous  matter  of  that  painful  di&afe^ 
I  keep  It  by  me  aU  the  year  prefenred 
in  brandy  I  or  it  may  be  taken  in 
powder,  as  much  at  a  time  as  the  fto- 
mach  can  well  bear }  a  rule  I  aJwaya 
goby. 

A  decofi^on  of  it  either  |;reeii'  ov 
dry  in  wine,  or  even  an  infunon  only, 
a  quartern,  or  half  a  pint,  night,,  and 
morning,  will  well  fupply  the  place  ol 
the  juice  when  it  cannot  bo  bad  \  ojp 
preferred  in  that  form. 

A  pultice  of  the  feeds  and  leave* 
applicud  gives  eafe  in  pains  of  the  Gout* 
In  (hort,  it  fliould  be  fat  upon  and 
lain  upon,  applied  ail  manner  o£ 
ways  both  inwardly  and  outwardly  | 
ufed  as  ordinary  food  (  as  unfy  paa* 
cake  and  unfy  puddings,  not  even 
cly  fters  thereof  excepted . 

The  great  Boerhaave  intimat^  aa 
if  ttie  gout  was  catching.  I  know  it 
to  be  fo,  for  my  late  fponfe,  one  of 
the  befl  of  women,  with  whom  I  had 
Jived  hapailjr  thirty- five  years,  was 
carried  off  with  convulfions  from  the 
gout  in  her  head,  on  the  19th  oi^De^- 
camber  laft ;  ahd  which  adds  to  my 
afHi^tion,  when  1  refleft  that  fiie 
cai^t  it  from  me.  And  well  it  may 
be  infefliousy  when  the  miafms  fmett 
<o  difagreeably.  Wherefore  I  would 
adviie  a  feparation  for  a  feafon,  by  ly.» 
ing  aftindcr  as  foon  as  it  feizes  either 
party,  to  prevent  taking  in  an  lAino^ 
iphereofgoutf  vapours,  that  though 
they  (hew  iiot  their  bad  cffe6ts  very 
iiooni  aiay  yet  in  proce^  of  time  coiu 
lamiiute 


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tamiaate  th«  |«icet  of  th«  (baikl  per- 
ion. 

There  is  m  mixture  of  good  and 
crii  in  every  thing.    The  Gout  is  the 
lord,   and    prince  of  all 


conqueror, 

diieafesy  and,  till  it  kills  the  patient, 
proteds  him  from  other  diforderst  and 
So  far  it  generally  prolonffs  life,  and 
thereby  n^akes  fome^mendstfor  its  ex* 
xefihre  painfulnefs. 

Nosv  thoujgh  we  cannot  radically 
care  it,  yet  if  we  can  fafely  alleviate 
fome  of  its  fymptoms,  that  is  doine 
feme  good.  To  this  purpofe,  I  wiU 
give  a  quotation  from  Boerhaave,  with 
which  1  will  conclude. 

yl  have  advifed  fri£lton,  fays  he, 
"With  great  advantage  to  gouty  perfpns, 
ihat  th^  ihould  rub  tbemfelyes  every 
rooming  aud  eveniiu^  with  warm  flan* 
nel  cloths  (or  a  fleih  bru&  or  both) 
bepnning  at  the  joints.  It  is  a  fimple 
jnedicine>  but  I  have  feen  more  advan- 
tages from  it  than  from  all  the  prefcrip- 
tions  of  pharmacy,  and  it  agreetwith  the 
theory,  by  gentle  fri^on  or  rubbing 
to^akeoif  the  matter  beginnii^  to 
lodge  in  the  joints ;  ISw,  years  ago,  I 
have  freed  many  from  this  dilbrder  i 
for  the  reiiftance  is  not  only  taken  off, 
bat  the  body  externally  opened  in  its 
pores.  By  the  &me  method  man^ 
other  diforders  may  be  r/moved«  if 
fri^on^  were  more  in  ufe,  but  they 
are  top  much  neglected. '^  See  farther 
what  I  lately  wrote  on  the  benefits  of 
fri£Hpn  in  Say's  Craftfman  for  Auguft 
tt,  and  in  other  publick  papers.  I 
«(e  the  lame  with  great  advantage 
myielf.  Your's, 

J.  Cooic. 

r$  tU  AUTHOR  of  thi   LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,  Leigh,  Jan.  15,  1768. 

AMONG  all  the  medical  plaWu  be- 
longing to  the  vegetable  king- 
dom. Camomile  is  one  of  the  princi- 
pal. It  flowers  for  the  moft  part  thro* 
all  the  fummer  months,  and  its  feeds 
come  to  perFedlion  in  the  time  of 
flowering.  It  is  either  wild  or  grows 
in  gardens  i  iingle,  or  double  flower- 
ed. The  fir  ft  is  belt,  as  being  ftron- 
geft  far  ahoimding  with  more  oil  than 
the  other. 

This  excellent  plant  has  a  ftrong, 
not  ungrateful,  aroma'ic  fmell,  but  a 
jrery  bitter  naufeous  tafte.    They  arc 


»3 

aperidve,  anodyme^  diptftiyey  dUasU 
five,  diuretick,  fudbriftck,  aiteratiyey 
and  a]exi[^harmic,  wh^efore  are  acr 
counted  ftunulating,  carminative,  ape- 
rient, ediolJient,  and,  in  ibme  mea* 
fure  anodyne,  there  ftands  recom* 
mended  in  flatulent  colicks  :  for  piro* 
modng  the  uterine  purgations  in  ten- 
sion, mmI  rigidity  of  pardcolar  ^arts  | 
in  fpaiiniodick  pains»  and  the  pains  of 
child»bed  women.  The  flowtra  «re 
frequently  ufed  extarnally  in  difoiti- 
^nt  and  antifeptic  cataplafms,  fomen* 
tations,  warm  haths  and  emollieat 
glyfters. 

But  befides  thefe  many  virtues  of 
camomile,  there  is  another  which 
renders  it  a  fpeciflck  for  agues  and  in- 
termittent fevers,  but  eipecially  for 
the  laft,  when  grown  low  and  irregn- 
lar,  not  having  any  diftindt  and  lafhng 
times  of  iDteraiiiHon,  but  border 
nearly  upon  a  continued  fever. 

The  Egyptians  dedicated  camomile 
to  the  curing  of  agues ;  and  experi* 
ence  has  confirmed  it  an  adnrirablo 
thinf  againft  difeafes  of  the  Pleura  $  it 
is  al&  a  good  antifcorbiitick.  The  i^ 
quid  juice  drank  to  four  or  fnc 
ounces  two  hours  before  the  coming  of 
the  fit  of  an  ague,  whether  quotidian, 
tertian,  or  quartan,  it  commonly 
cures  at  three  or  four  dofes ;  it  givee 
^fe  in  an  cxqvufite  pleurify  j  it  moves 
the  menfes$  opens  the  \irinary  paf- 
fages ;  and  gives  eafe  in  a  ftrangury 
to  a  miracle ;  it  is  a  remedy  for  the 
jaundice,  dropfy,  aftbma,  and  flitcbet 
in  the  fide;  it  eafesjiain  to  what  part 
of  the  body  foever  it  is  applied. 

A  powder  of  the  herb  dried,  from 
half  a  dram  to  one  dram,  is  good 
againft  griping  of  the  guts,  wind,  and 
pain  of  the  ftomach.  A  decoction  of 
the  flowers,  two  ounces  in  three  pinte 
of  water,  till  near  one  is  wafted  }  to 
two  pints  of  the  ftrainer  add  one,  6r 
two,  d rami  of  fait  of  tartar,  and  take 
a  large  coff>e  cup  full  every  four  or 
five  hours.  It  is  good  for  intermittent 
fevers. 

In  fhort,  csmomile,  outwardly  ap-* 
plied,  is  good  fpr  cold  gouts,  coldnefr 
of  the  limbs  ^  pains  and  aches,  pro- 
ceeding from  cold  and  raoifture  i  and 
ihoHrfics  tumours,  ^iifcuflcs  wind,  and 
comforts  the  nerves  and  ftomach^ 
Wherefore  it  1$  ufcd  by  way  of  tea,  as 
carduus  fomctimts,    to  work  off  vo- 

L  ft      .      •  miti 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Hk 


Bark'if  the  1^)tt^ifUw  recommended.  -  Fdjw 


xm  operaBon  of  tlie^m^c* 

•   .    =  Vcwir*s,         Jf.  Coot: 

t*r*4rit  ^T/A^WKiteWaiow,  a  /Sv^ 
^/A/PeiravianBaHc.  • 

tProm  a  Spectniien  of  ^Mifcslkaeaut 
Obiervationt  oq  Medical  Sttl^c£b^ 

^  Bonexcfi  to  Dr.  Cloft^t  new  Method 
of  curing  the  mtnral  8maU  Pox.] 

FROM  the  time  that  the  Peruvian 
Bark  began  to  "be  known 'in  our 
part  of  the  world,  and  ufed  frequent-^ 
v/i  there  have  not  bee^  wanting  phy- 
liciani,  who  endeavoured  16  find  out 
ibme  one  of  the  barks  or  our  owii 
trees*  which  might  'be  fubilituted  foe 
|hls  foreign  one.  And  on  this  Account, 
the  bark  of  the  Aid  and  Horfe-chefnut 
tre^s  have  been  particularly  comtnend- 
^d.  And  I  alio  remember  ()pth  of 
them  ufed  with  the'bcft  fuccef^,  in  cu-j 
ring  intermittent  feverf*  as  well  bj^ 
others,  at  by  myfelf.  But  yet  I  have 
QQUch  oftener  obferved  them  appliec] 
to  no  purpofe,  fo  that  at'laftMt  was 
aeceiTary  to  recur  to  the  Cortex '  Pc- 
ruvianus.  And  I  know  fome  in^ 
iUnces,  where  their  ufe  has  doq^ 
more  htrm  than  ^ood. 

Reading  lately  in  the  French  Mcdi-^ 
cal  Diary,  called.  The  Gazette  Salu- 
taire,  the  bark  of  the  White  Willo^ 
much  commended  as  a  fuccedaneuti^ 
fior  the  Peruvian,  I  immediately  form- 
ed a  defign  of  leaking  experinients  up- 
on a  dozen  perfons  of  both  fe xes,  who 
^boored  under  Litermittent  ievers^ 
i|nd  obferved  with  great  pleafure„  thofe 
pffe^s  produced  from  thence,  than 
which  better  could  not  be  expedled 
from  the  Peruvian  Bark.  In  exhibit- 
if^g  ity  I  always  made  uie  of  the  fame 
method,  which  I  ufecl  to  obfehre  with 
the  Peruvian.  I  gave  only  the  iimple 
powder,  not  mixed  with  any  thing 
pLUt,  I  prefcribed  indeed  larger  dofes« 
and  thofe  to  be  repeated  bftener,  and 
ordered  the  ufe  'of  the  remedy  to  be 
continued  a  little  after  the  fever  was 
carried  off*  But  to  hide  nothing  i 
Thefe  fevers  were  all  either  quotidians 
or  tertians  \  I  have  not  ^et  had  an  op- 
portunity of  trying  its  efficacy  m 
quartans.  Nor  have  I  ever  ufed  it  in 
remittent  fevenu  iince  againft  thefe  f 
^yf  In  readineis  a  ^cmeoy  equally  tf,fy 


to  be  got«  #hich  hat  www  ^ee^ved 

my  ^xpe^t^tionsy  vis.  Vitriolated  8a> 
nrnon  of  A^Kitii,  on  which  D.  Gerhard 
Ahdfpw  MyHer,  formerly  profefloi^t^ 
the  uhiterfity  of  GieiTen,  publiihed  aH 
academical  diflertation  a  few  years 
ago,  and  not  only  in  intermitting  fe* 
vers  but  iXio  in  other  difeafes  which 
are  -othcrwifc  fiappily  cured  by  the 
Cortex  Peruvianu8»  the  bark  of  the 
White  Willow  Tfas  evidenced  to  me  ita 
Virtue.  .  Six  drachms  of  it  exhibited 
in  th'^  Intervals,  after  other  more  ex«> 
quifit^  medicines  liad  been  applied  in 
vain,  entirely  carried  off  a  pituitoua 
vojniting,  retumine  by  fxaroxvfm^^ 
after  the  manner  of  a  tertbn  fever, 
although  none  fuch  by  any  mean§ 
appeared  (for  neither  yawning  nor 
ilretchihg  ever  preceded  it,  nor  was 
laterltio\i$  urine  difcharged ;  certain 
marks  of  feverifli  diforders,  depend* 
!ng  on  the  latent  venom  of  an  inter* 
fnittent  or  i-eraittent  fever )%  I  have 
klfo  more  than  once  feen  it  of  wonder •>• 
ful  efficacy  in  worms,  nor  did  it  ever 

Seceive  my  expectation  in  ftrengthea- 
ig  the  ftomacb. 

^0   the   PRINTER,  ^r. 
SIR, 

I  Read  a  paragrapli  in  the  St.  Jam6*s 
Chronicle  of  the  5th  of  January, 
averting  that;  the  Viauallfng  Board 
had  contradled  for  four  hundred  headf 
of  the  beft  oxen,  exclufive  of  all  the 
offal,  to  be  (laughtered  at  the  *con- 
traftor's  charge,  and  the  four  quarters 
not  to  Weigh  lefs  thap  feven  hundred 
and  eighty- four  pounds,  for  twenty* 
fix  fhilllngs  and  fix-pence  per  hun* 
dred  weight,  which  is  two-pence  threes 
farthings  per  pound.  And  in  that  ^ 
paper  of  the  9th  ult.  there  was  .ano- 
ther paiagraph,  importing  that  the 
faid  board  are  at  this  time  under  con- 
tra^, and  are  a6bually  fup plied  witb 
frefh  beef  for  his  majefty^s  (hips>  at 
the  following  places,  on  the  terms 
againft  each  expreflcd,  viz. 

River  Thames  at  15s.  id.  per  hun-' 
dred  weight,  or  ad.  {  per  pound  and 
fj  of  a  farthing.  Plymouth  25$.  or 
ad.  \  per  pound,  and  j??-  Portf- 
mouth  16s.  8d.  or  id.  |  per  pdund  and 
the  48th  part  of  iia.  Sheef-neft  and 
the  Nore  31s.  lod.  or  3d.  )  per  pound 
and  the^sd  part  of  iia.  Downs  298. 
4d.  or  3d.  per  pound  a  Ad  the  64th 

part 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


J  76  J.  zlmportaittn  of 

yvttf  ts«9  ii¥iAijidflcd  together  aod 
ihenediaBi  fvices  taleen  is  opvards 
of  id  i,  and  uofiSor  3d  rper  poii»& 
And  that  the  reafon  of  its  bein^ 
b^jllcr  in  tUb  ]!>ofini»  anil  aC'ShetmeU 
asd  the  Nore,  are  from  the  iioD^Inefs 
of  the  quaodtyi  and  the  uncertain 
times  it  any  be  demanded,  and  the 
cjcpence  of  «at«r  catriage.  Upon  cn- 
qviry  f^  thofe  who  bane  joontraibd 
with  that  board,  i  find  tbefe  accounta 
•re  true,  and  fiutber  tbat  they  have 
ihit  week  contrafted  for  %^  tierpo 
of  Irifli  Porky  at  four  guineas  per 
nace«  roniaining  one  with  another 
•909  poandsy  which  is  three-pence 
futfaing  per  pound,  to  be  paid  by 
bitt  ix  nontbi  afibor  deliveaed,  or 
to  coounence  interefr^from  .that  itime, 
•t  fDor  potuKb  per  oentum  per  can- 
non. 

From  tbefe  an^entick  nnd  indlA 
potable  accomts  (and  from  thefe 
alooe)  can  the  fnie,  general  and  na^ 
tnral  ftate  of  pcovifiont,  as  weli  witi) 
rmrd  to  plen^  at  value,  be>certaink^ 
mofvrod.  And  it  is  from  .beiice 
abnadantly  manifeft,  bow  nnich  the 
coaraoQ  people  and  the  poor  have 
been  and  are  abufed,  bf  the  arttiicial 
prioet  impofed  by  the  middle  man 
aad  ebe  retailer,  whofe  exorbitant 
gains  (become  neceflary  to  their  man- 
ner of  Kvlng,  and  their  Tiewa  of  mak-> 
mg  bafty  forttsnes)  hare  been  in- 
ctmed  of  late  nearly  to  one  hundred 
ponodt  per  cent,  upon  all  their  dea« 
Kiifff  en  tfaeie  commodities. 

In  order  to  cover  and  conceal  this 
pnmnpm!csah  of  the  dearneft  of  pro- 
rifiont  to  the  poor,  the  common  peo- 
ple hdnre  been  artfully  inflamed  by  po- 
polar  reafofung  upon  faHactoos  to- 
picks,  lalie  faSs  daily afiericd,  and 
aggiavated  with  great  art,  abfard 
^mcipJea  of  trade  laid  down,  (lUle 
caofea  affiled,  and  anti-commer- 
dal  retnediet  fuggefted ;  the  more 
fcrtifciova,  bceau/e  eitber  utterly 
>mprft^cabie,  or  tending  in  a  vevy 
Mk  tifoe  to  exhauft  the  nation 
<if  ^  its  feecie,  to  bring  on  a  real, 
iaAe»I  of  n^tfoas  diftre^^  and  even 
eo  produce  in  the  higheft  degree  tbole 
evils  which  they  are  pretended  to 
prevent. 

With  ttieTeeiKleaTOursare  combined 
tiafe  of   a  few  iaterefted  importen 


Grsm  cmdmnei. 


ts 


w>b»  (nnder  ^e  tpSp^&Mt  name  M 
imetchai^s  enbichih^^dofiQe  delcifre) 
wanting  abilitioi  feo  iae  the  juipi  lalMch 
muf(  arife  from  opening  the  marketa 
of  Xvi^at  fintiin  toiiie  finaduce  of  'the 
lands  .of  foret^  satiMn^  inftoad  of 
ihe  produoe  of  the  landi  of  oitr  mra 
<ioBDmons ;  and  tninoieed  by  enthn»* 
£aftick  fiotions  of  Butcb  conMneuce 
and  levelling  pcin<$p]ee,  or  by  a  it^ 
€ret;aiitipatby  to  the  landed  interei^ 
(beoaufe  they  are  poflefied  of  none 
ihemfevct)  ha«e>been  for  a  few- yens 
laft  paft  driving  .on  €^itry  mealbra^ 
.which  tended  totconvco-t  the  tcsBde 
lof  exportatimi  into  a  trade  of  impor- 
tation, though  the  fbemcr  is  the  only 
^ital  principle  of  ;eonunerce,  and  the 
other  :tbe  certain  :coad  do  Ifii  ^Mlrncn 
lion  ! 

It  appears  by  ^le  ctiftom^konft 
books,  that  betwe^en  tbe  fifth  of  Ja. 
Hoary  and  the  tes^  of  OAober  X74y, 
the  quantity. of  nhenty  rwheat-iour^ 
and  wheat«meaU  .rie,  barleyj  0Bt», 
oatmeaV  buok* wheat, .  beans  andpeae; 
which  has  been -imported,  muft  have 
carried  out  of  England  at  rkaft  viise 
htmdned  ithoofand  pounds  fterlihg  | 
and  though  the  actoant  6rom  that 
time  to  the  'end  .of  the  year  b  not 
yet  made  up,  it  is  fuppofed  to  amount 
to  a  much  larger -AMB-in ^proportion. 
Add  to  this  the  intaceft  of  forty  Bul- 
lions due  to  foreigners,  and  Hieiri>ro. 
fits  in  our  fands,  which  may  be  tcom- 
pnted  at  little  Ida  than  two  miJiif  ns i 
How  will  it  be  pplfibie  for  thk  nation 
to  lupport  ftioh  A  drmn  of  .ij^ie  ?*  and 
what  a  icene  of  nniver£U  ,«uin  insilll 
attend  the  «whob  people  (of  allude* 

gsees)  if  it  (houkiiefig  continue,  <on  bo 
jrther- extended?  ' 

What  thenoanjttftify  the  TeHifli  at- 
tempts of  thofe  profedoft,  .whovwotild 
wantonly  bava,  introduced  the  fidtad 
provifions  of  dl  fiteipi  nations  at  a 
CMie  when  Ireland  and  our  9wm  pUm-^ 
fmions  are  able  to  iamxQi  any  quan- 
tities of  tbeie  provifions  at  the  moifc 
seaibnabie  price  1 

But.  from,  what  has  lately  .appeared 
in  a  great  afiembly,  it  is  hofwd  that 
tftefo  matters  will  become  more  deviy 
underilood,.and  the  views /df  ioterift- 
ed  men  more  attended  to^^md  better 
gnasded  agaitt^ 

Year's,  &ۥ 


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ss 


A  C'aRious  Discovery; 


Feb-' 


Fnm  HiJIork  Doubts  $u  thi  Life  mid 
Riigtt  if  King  Rkbardstbt  Tbini,  by 
Mr.  Horace  Wslpole* 

4<  rrtHERE  it  a  play  of  Shake- 
A  fpeare^s  that  may  be  ranked 
among  the  biftoric,  tboueh  not  one 
of  hit  numerous  critics  and  commen- 
tators have  difcovered  the  drift  of  it, 
1  mean  ne  H^mtir^s  Evenit^  TaUy 
jirhich  was  certainly  intended  (in  com- 
pliment to  Queen  Elizabeth)  as  an 
indireft  apology  for  her  mother  Anne 
Boleyn.  The  addrefs  of  the  poet  ap- 
pears no  where  to  4Siore  advantaa«. 
The  fubjedt  was  too  delicate  to  pt 
exhibited  on  the  ftage  without  a  veil  % 
smd  it  was  too  recent*  and  touched 
the  queen  too  aearlv^  for  the  bard 
to  have  ventured  (b  home  an  alluiion 
on  any  other  ground  than  compliment. 
The  unreafomble  jealoufy  of  Leontes» 
imd  his  violent  eonduft  in  confe^uenct^ 
form  a  true  portrait  of  Henry  the 
JCighihy  who  generally  made  the  law 
the  engfine  of  his  boi(Urous  paifionsA 
Not  only  the  general  plan  of  the 
ftonr  is  mak  applicable^  but  feveral 
pailages  are  U>  marked,  that  they 
touch  the  real  hiftory»  nearer  than 
the  fable  I  Hermione»  on  her  tryal, 
<tyt« 

■    II     1.    >   for  bonoMT^ 
-   ''Tit  a  derhfai'p9i from  me  to  mutip 

AmiMlj  tbat  IJkmdfor. 

This  fcemtto  be  taken  from  the 
very  letter  of  Anne  Boleyn  to  the  king 
before  her  exeOution,  where  (be  pleads 
for  the  infant  princeft  her  daughter. 
MmDilliasi  the  young  prince*  an  un- 
aecefiu7  chara6ier,  dies  in  his  infan- 
ts but  it  confirms  the  allufion,  as 
Q^n  Anntp  before  Elizabeth^  bore 
altilKborn  ion.  Bpt  the  moft  fink- 
ing pafTage, .  and  which  had  nothing 
to  do  in  the  tragedy,  but  as  it  pic- 
tured Elisabeth,  is,  where  Paulina, 
defcribing^fhenew^bom  princefs,  and 
her  Itkenefs  to  her  father,  fays,  Jbe 
hms  tbi  *vifyi  irkk  of  bis  fronuit,  T  b  ere 
it  one  fentence  indeed  fo  applicable, 
both  to  Elizabeth^and  her  father,  that 
I  (hould  fufpea  the  poet  inferted  it 
after  her  death.  Paulioa,  fpeaking 
of  the  ohild,  tells  the  king, 

-  I  "lis yours  % 

Ami  migbt  nvg  taj  tbi  oUprovitif  to  your 

charge, 
SotikeyoM,  ^tis  themtorfe      '  ■  ■ 


The  Winter's  EVching  Tale 
therefore  in  reality  a  fecond  part  t>f 
Henry  the  Eighth.** 

r$    tbi    PRINTER,    ^e. 
SIR, 

EVERY  evil  has  its  beginnin^^ 
and  if  properly  attended  to  in 
it's  firft  appearance,  mi^ht  in  general 
be  eafil^  checked  %  but  it  it  otnerwif^ 
when  It  has  taken  deep  root,  and 
fpreads  itfelf  into  more  numerous 
branches  than  can  be  perhaps  difco* 
Tered,  much  icfs  remoyed. 

The  iron  and  fteel  manufa6tory  is 
perhaps  the  laft  in  which  Great-Bri- 
tain is  in  danger.of  being  equalled  or 
rivalled  by  her  enemies  ;  but  in  coh* 
yeriation  with  an  eminent  manufac- 
turer from  Birmingham  a  few  days 
fince^  I  was  inforriied,  that  fleps  are 
Ukingbythe  French,  which,  howe* 
ver  trivial  they  may  feem  at  prefeat, 
may  in  time  prove  very  difadvanta- 
geous  to  this  country,  and  contribute 
towards  enabling  the  foes  of  Britaia 
to  vie,  one  day,  with  her  Tons  in  the 
above-mentioned  manufa£tures  {  I 
give  to  you  as  to  one  of  our  puk^ 
kvaicbmen^  the  account  I  have  had  of 
this  matter,  and  defire  you  will,  if 
you  apprel^cnd  it  needful,  found  the 
alarm  immediately.^ 

My  friend  afTures  me,  that  French- 
men have  for  feme  time  paft  gained 
admittance  amongft  our  very  inge« 
ntous  workmen  in  Birmingham,  in 
the  capacity  and  under  the  appearance 
of  jodrneymen  manufa^urers  in  the 
feveral  articles  peculiarly  wrought  in 
that  great  town,  that  ornament  oif  Bri- 
tain, I  had  almoft  faid;  of  the  uni* 
verfe  }  that  thefe  Frenchmen  ftipulate 
for  low  wages,  and  for  a  limited  time 
jjuft  fuificient  to  obuin  information 
and  inftrudion  in  fuch  particulars 
as  are  needful  to  make  them  capable 
of  injuring  us,  by  tranfplanting  our 
invaluable  fecrets,  viz.  our  modes  of 
working  in  iron  and  feel  to  their  na- 
tive country,  and  Chen  they  difappeac. 

Now,  Sir,  I  will  venture  to  afHrm 
the  /9o//,  or  apparatus  neceflary  for  ' 
expediting  and  nnifiiing  almoft  every 
article  manufactured  in  Binnin^iam,  j 
Wolverhamj>ton,  and  the  adfacent 
village,  ought  to  be  mod  ftridly 
yarded  from  the  inijpe^on  of  vtuf 
ingenious  enemy  et  England.  If 
Frenchmen, 


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ij6S.  J  fFord  t$ 

Fftnrkr*^!  iimtttiag  the  royal  Czar, 
love  ibcir  country  CDOUgh,   and  their 

Stnocifm  induces  them  to  put  on  the 
rms  of  fcrvants,  in  order  to  render 
liicinielvcs  or  pofterity  our  equals  or 
foperiors  in  the  knowledge  of  that 
vaft  variety  of  iron  and  fteel  manu- 
fiaiires,  U>r  which  the  placet  above- 
aamed  are  fo  )uftly  diftinguiihed, 
imiy  our  love  to  our  country  ihould* 
exdte  our  attention  to  every  advance 
they  make  of  this  nature,  and  thofe 
whofe  bufin^fs  it  properly  is  to  guard 
our  too  vifiWy  declining  trade,  will 
Mzdcm  an  obfcure  individual,  who 
Im^  a»/oon  as  in  his  power,  commu- 
Bcated  the  above  bints  to  their  conii- 
deration. 

It  is  aeedlcfs  to  obferve,  that 
FrcBcbmen,  or  other  enemies  of  Eng- 
luid,  if  they  have  the  views  above- 
inendoned,  can  and  will  work  at  an 
vnder  price ;  they  are  accuftomed  to 
expend  le6  in  their  fupport  than  Eng[- 
Uihmen  ^  nor  can  it  be  doubted,  if 
they  are  employed  by  their  fuperiors 
sn  their  own  country  to  fteal  our  trade, 
they  are  aMb  ftlpported  by  them,  and 
confitquently  not  under  the  neceffity 
of  lifting  on  large  wages,  er  prefent 
advantages.  The  men  thus  employed 
are,  as  I  am  informed,  exceedingly 
wgenious,  and  therefore  by  much  the 
more  dangerous  \  and  their  employers 
eitber  not  perceiving  their  real  inten- 
tion, or.  Charmed  by  that  deftruaivc 
jDonfter,  immediate  gain  and  advan- 
tage, will,  'tis  much  to  be  feared,  be 
more  numerous,  unlcfs  timely  prevent- 
ed by  proper  auth(»ity.  ' 
I  am.  Sir, 

Your  hhroble  fcrvant, 
W. 
ft    tbg    PRINTER,    &c. 
— *•  Maktfalfe  hair  and  thauh 
-*—  'untb  burthens  of  the  ^'ead  \ 
S^au  thai  'were  hanged^  no  matter  *— 
Weartbenh  betray  tuith  themt^--^ 
Paint  HU  a  bwrfe  may  mire  upon  your 
fiut^  Shakefpeare. 

ONE  would  imagine  thai  the 
women  of  the  prefent  age,  do 
»ow  exaaiy  copy  the  foregoing  <juo- 
ladon,  though  I  think  it  was  that  ex- 
cdkat  author*s  intention,  as  well  as 
aunf  others  who  have  noticed  the 
fwUire  in  the  fair  fex,  to  prevent  it, 
hf  ibcwijig  it  in  the  worft  light :  yet 


the  Laiial  87 

notwithftaoding  the  many  diiconrfes 
that  have  been  wrote  in  order  to  ftop 
this  evil,    ftill  blindly  do  they  invent 
every  method  to  make  their  twm  agree- 
able felves  dilagreeable.    As  the  prin- 
cipal aim  ot  the  ladies  in  their  dreft 
is  to  attraft  the  regard  of  the  men, 
ccpially  as  the  mens  is  to  attrad  the 
ladies,  I  would  acquaint  them,  througlr 
the  trumpet  of  fame,  that  men  (at  leaft 
all  that  I  am  acquadnted  with,  which 
are  not  a  few)  are  not  fond  of  the  pre- 
fent enormous. and  prepofterous  head- 
drefr  (efjpecially  in  thole  whofe  ftatioa: 
it   is  quite  inconliftent  with)  which 
fecms  to  be  the  centre  of  all  their 
pride,  with  the  addition  of  pearl-pow« 
der  and  carmine,  to  deftroy  that  na- 
tural beauty  and  fweetnefs  which  land 
every  one   elfe  muft  own  to  be  th^ 
moft  engaging*     To  thefe  difadvan- 
tages  of  drefs,   the  (imper»  the  grin, 
the  ftare,  the  languifli,  the  pout,  and 
other  innumerable  follies  produced  bf 
that  fafhiouable,    difguinul  monfter, 
t^eSaiiwy  are  what  make  (I  inugine)^ 
the  marriage  ftate  a  ftate  or  roifery  is 
lieu  of  a  ftate  of  blifs.    Would  I  could 
write  with  energy,  not  only  fufficieae 
to  warn,    but  to  perfuade  my  fair 
countrywomen  to  avoid  thefe  faults  i 
that  each  would  wear  what  heft  be- 
came them$  that  each  would  ftudy 
their  temper,  and  bani(h  from  them- 
ielves  thofe  difagreeable  paflions  they 
obferve  in  another,  inftead  of  expofing 
them  to  the  next  company  they  meet } 
and  when  they  fix  their  fUtion  in  this 
traniitory  life,    that  they  would    ufe 
left  affe^a6ons  and  coquettiih  airs ; 
men  would  then  almoft  adore,  and  al«> 
ways  praife  where  they  now  fcarce  ad- 
mire, but  always  pity.    Some  of  your 
female  readers  may  anfwer,  that  there 
are  many  men  who  are  guilty  of  thofe 
faults  I  have  been   decrying.    That 
there  are  fome  I  well  know,  who  are 
;not  worthy  of  any  one*s  notice  j  and 
,were  they  treated  with  proper  fcorn  by 
the  fair  fex,  we  Ihould  foon  have  lefs. 
I  am  afraid  I  have  trefpafled  on  the 
patience  of  the  reader  and  bounds  of 
your  paper,  if  I  have,  beg  your  par- 
don* 

IfOTHARio,  A****ir 

IN   compliance  with  the  defare  of 
ElTex,    and  other  correfpondenta, 
we  now  infert  the  following. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Spmhtf  jL-^  C- 


8« 

X^  r  iMii  1»  Sfeeeken  the  A^lofotoiy 
BUI  tf  the  S^ei^ei^  tfCftOtBtt' 
ttin  o*Vir  the  Cekuin. 


noB- 


WHBN  t  fpoke  bft  ok  dui  ftib- 
jcaf,  I  thought  I1i;lddcUvmd 
my  ftnclmtmi  fo  fotly,  sMd  ftippofted 
them  whhfHcK  rtftfon*,  andfuchau- 
thoridei,  that  I  apprehended  I  fbcxM 
ht  under  no  neceflity  of  trouhlinf  y^or 
P  i^ain.  But  I  am  now  cem- 
peUed  to  Hie  up,  and  to  beg  ]rour  fbr« 
•her  indulgenee:  I  liiid  that  I  hare 
lieen  very  mjuriowfly  treated}  have 
^en'  eonfidered  at  the  hroaoher  of 
jiew-fangled  doArinef,  contrary  to 
the  laws  of  thit  kingdom,  and  Aibrver- 
£ve  of  the  rights  of  p— t,  —  — — , 
ihie  is  a  heavy  charge^  bur  more  ib 
when  made  againft  ono  ftattoned  as  I 
am  in  both  capacttiel,  as  P— -^  aiul 
J—.,  the  defender  of  the  law  and  tho 
eonftkucion.  '  When  I  fpoke  laft,  I 
was  indeed  replied  to,  but  not  an« 
iwered.  In  the  intermediate  time, 
inany  things  have  been  faid.  As  I 
WAS  not  prefent  I  muft  now  beg  leave 
to  anfwer  fuch  as  have  come  to  my 
knowledge.  As  the  afiai  r  is  of  the  ut- 
noft  importance^  aiid  in  its  confe- 
ouences  may  invoke  the  fkte  of  king- 
A>ffle,  I  took  the  ftrifleflr  review  of 
my  argtmients ;  I  renexaflnined  all  asy 
authontiess  fully  determined,  if  I 
found  my^tf  miilaken,  pubtickly  to 
own  my  miftake,  and  give  up  my  opi- 
nion I  but  my  <earthe«  have  more  and 
more  convinced  me,  that  the  B 
p  have  no  right  to  tax  the 

A-  ■  ■  ■  t.  I  ihall  not  therefore  con- 
fider  the  declaratory  bill  now  lying  on 
your  t— 05  for  to  what  purpofe,  but 
fofs  of  time,-  to  confider  the  particulara 
of  — .  —. ,  the  very  exiftence  of 
«i>hich  is  illegal,  abfohitdy  illegal*, 
contrary  to  the  fundamental  laws  df 
nature,  contrary  to  the  fandamentid 
laws  of  this  eonftitiftion  ?  a  conftkutkm 

grounded  on  the  eternal  and  immiita- 
le  laws  of  nature  $  a  conlHtution 
^hoie  foundation  and  center  is  liberty, 
which  fends  liberty  to  every  /ilbjeft 
that  is  or  may  happen  to  be  withm 
«ny  part  of  ite  wpple  circumference. 

Nor, — ,    is  the  doftrine  new, 

^tis  as  old  as  the  conftitutiotf  }  it  gi  ew 
<iip  with  it,  indeed  it  i&  its  fupport ; 
taxation  und  repreientation  are  4nfe- 
l>a#ably  united  j  God  hath  joined  them. 


^.  .Fcb- 

?*  ■  citt  fSmande  the«t- 
to  endeavour  to  do  it^  is  to  ftab  our 
very  vital*.  Nor  is  thit  the  firft  time 
this  doArine  has  been  mentioned  $  fe- 
▼enty  yearsago^  -*  ,  a  pamphlet 

waa  publiflifld;  recofernmendisg/the  le« 
vying  a  parliamentary  tax  on  one  of    ' 
the  colonies'^   this  pamphlet  was  an- 
fWeved  by  two  others,  then  much  read  I 
theie  totally  deny  the  power  of  taxing 
the  coloniet  $   and  ythfi    bocaufe  the 
cokmios  had    no    rquaefentatives   in; 
J»liament,   to  ^tve  cdnfent }.  noan« 
iwor  pii^Ue  or  piivate^   was  gtvim  to 
thitle   pamphlets^   no  cenfure   paeffad 
upea  them  y   nsen  were  not  ftarded 
at  the  doftrine^  aa  either  new  or  il- 
legal,   or  derogatory  to  the  rights  o£ 
P  "* '  ■"  '  *     I  do  ndt  mention  thefe 
pamphlttt  by  way  of  authority,  but  to 
vindicate  my(z)i  from  the  impntatioa 
©r  having  firft  broached  this  dodirine. 
Mypofition  isthis^I  repeat  i6--i 
will  mamtain  it  to  m  j  lift  hoorr-'tax-* 
ation  and  reprefentation  are  sifepera- 
hie ;— this  pwiiition  is  founded  on  the 
laws  of  nature  J  it  is  more,   it  is  itfcif 
in  eternal  law  of  nature  f  for  whattTer 
is  a  mtA*s  own,  is  abfolutely  his  own  f 
np  man  hath  a  right  to  uke  it  from 
him  without  his  conftiit,   either  ex^ 
preflod  by  himfelf  or  repreientntive  i 
whoever  attempts  to  do  it,   attemfita 
an  injury  5    whoever  does  it,  commits 
a  robbery  5    he  throws  down  and  de-i 
itroys  the  dlttinaion  Betwben  liberty 
and  flavcry.    Taxation  and  reprelen^ 
tation  are  coeval  with  and  c^ential  t« 
this  conftitutien.    I  wiOi  the  maxim 
of  Machiavel  was  foUowcd,    that  of 
examining  a  conftttution,  at  certain 
peiiods,    accoixUng  to  its  fiitt  princi- 
^es:    this  would  corrreft  abufes  and 
fopply  defeds.  I  wilh  the  tim^  wiild 
bear  it,   and  that  mens  mli^de  were 
cool  enough  to  enter  upon  fuch  a  talk. 
«f^  that  the  repreicnutive  authority 
ot  this  kingdom  was  more  equally 
■fettled.    I  am  fure  fome  hiftorica*.  of 
Jate  publilhed,  have*  done  great  mif. 
chief  J    to  endeavour  to  ^x  the  l^ra 
when  the  houfe  of  c    '        »a  bcga^a 
in  this  kingdom,  is  a  rooft  pernicious 
and  deftruttive  attempt  5    to  fix  it  an 
Edward's  or  Heme's  reign,    is  owinw 
to  the  idle  dreams  of  fome  whimfical, 

ill-judging    antiquarians  I     but, 

f  this  is  a  point  too  important 
to.  be  left  to  fuch  wroiig.lyadeA  poo- 
pie.    When    did    the    h •     oi 


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f  7^8.  No  TaxafioH  without  kepreJeniatioH. 

C  s    ^i^    begin  ?     wbeii,    — 

>   it  began  with  theconftita- 

(iQOy  it  grew  up  with  the  coiiftitutkm) 
there  is  not  a  bUde  of  gra(s  jprowiog 
io  the  moft  obfcure  corner  of  tiiis 
kingdoniy  which  is  not,  which  was 
not  ever  rcprefcnted  Cnce  the  conilitu- 
dou  began ;  there  is  not  a  blade  of 
gra(s,  which)  when  taxed,  was  not 
taxed  by  the  cphfent  of  the  proprietor. 
There  is  a  hiftorjr  written  by  josm 
Carte,  a  hiftory  that  moft  people  now 
fee  tbrou^  j  and  there  is  another  fa- 
veurite  hifto^»  moch  read  and  a^- 
oired.  I  will  not  name  the  author, 
y^jur  — ^—  rauft  know  whuoi  t  mean, 
and  jou  maft  know  from  whence  he, 
piifend  bis  notions,  concerning  the 

nrft  beginning  of  the  h of  c s^ 

—  ——ft  I  challenge  any  one  ta 
point  out  the  time  when  any  tax  was 
bid    upon  any   perfon   by  p  , 

^hac    perfon    being  unreprefented   in 

p  '  the  p laid 

a  lax  upon  the  palatinate  of  Chcfter, 
and  ordered  commifTioners  to  colled  it 
there  ;  as  commifHoners  were  ordered 
to  colled  it  in  other  countiet  $  but 
the  palatinate  refuled  to  comply ;  they 
addrefled  the  king  by  petition,  letting 
forth,    that  the  Englifli  p  had 

DO  right  to  tax  them,  that  they  had  a* 
parliament  of  their  own,  that  they  had 
always  taxed  themfelves,   and   there- 
fore   defired   the   king    to  order    his 

commiflTioners  not  to  proceed «•„ — ^, 

the  king  received  the  nttition ;  he  did 
not  declare  them  cither  feditious  or 
rebellious,  but  allowed  their  pica, 
and  they  taxed  themfelves.  Your 
'"  may  fee  both  the  petition^ 

and  the  king^s  anfwer  in  the  records' 
ib   the  Tower.     The    clergy    taxed 

themfelves  :     when   the    p at- . 

tempted  to  tax  them,  they  ftoutly 
refufcd  ;  faid  they  were  not  rcpre- 
(ented  there  5  that  they  Ivad  a  parlia- 
ment of  their  own,  which  repre fen  ted 
the  clergy  j  chat  they  would  tax  them- 
felves :  they  did  fo.  Much  (Irefs  has 
been  laid  upc^  Wales,  before  it  was 
United  as  it  Aow  is,  as  if  the  king. 
ftanding  in  the  place  of  their  fprracr 
princes  of  that  Country,  raifed  money 
by  his  own  authority  ;  but  the  real 
ftd  is  oiherwifc  5  for  I  find  that,  long 
before  Wales  was  fubdUcd,  the 
northern  counties  of  that  principality 
had  reprefentatives  and  a  parliament 
/cb.  17W. 


89 

or  aflcmbl/i .   As  to  jrelandi,    — * 
,   before  that  kingdon^  had  a 
p  as    it    now  has,    if  your 

L  '  '■>■.  wiH  exllntDtf  the  6ld  recbrdtfi^ 
you  will  find^  that  when  a  tax  was 
to  be  laid  on  that  country,  t&e'Ifi(h 
fent  over  here  reprcfentativesj  and 
^   fame   records   will  inform  ypuT 

■  I  ■,  what  w^iges  thofe  reprefeo^ar. 
^ves  received  frem  their  cOnilicuents^ 
In  ihort,  my  ,  from  the  whole 

of  our  hidory,  f^om  the  earlieft  period, 
vpu  will  find  (hat  taxation  and  le pre* 
fentation  were  always  united}  To  true, 
are  the  words  of  that  confuo^mate 
reafoncr  and  politician  Mr.  Locke.  X 
before  alluded  to  his  book  ^  I  have 
s^gain  confultcd  him)  and  finding' 
what  he  writes  (6  applicable  to  the, 
fubjefl  in  hand,  and  lomuchinfavguV 
pf  my  fentimenta,    1  beg  your  * 

leave  to  read  a  little  of  his  hook*  .  , 
,  «*  The  fupreme  power  cannot  take 
from  any  man,  any  part  of  his  pro- 
perty, without  his  Own  confent  j"  and 
B.  II.  p.  136— iV9»  partic:alarly  140. 
Such  are  the  words  of  this  great  man, 
and    which     are     well   worth     your. 

-^ fcrious  attention.    His    prin-^ 

ciples  are  drawn  from  the  heart  ot  our 
conltitutioR.  which  he  thoroughly  un- 
derwood, and  will  Uil  as  long  as  that 
fh.ill  la(l}  and,  to  hif  immortal  honupi^ . 
I  know  not  to  what,  under  providence, 
the  revolutioif  and  all  it9  happy  ef-^ 
fe6t9,    are  jnore  owing,    than  to  t^ie . 
principles  pf  ^vernment  laid  down  | 
by  Mr.    Locke.    Ybr  thefe   reafons^-r 
.^^  .,  I  can  never  give  my  affent' 

to  any  bill  fpr  taxing  the  A "t— -» 

c ,    while  they  remain  unret 

prefented  j    for  as  to  the  di(lin<EHon  pr 
avirtualrcprcfentaiion,  it  is  fo  al^furd 
as  not  ta  defcrve  an  anfwer;    I  there* 
fore    pafs    it    over    with    contempt. 
The  forefathers  of  the  A  did 

not  leave  their  native  country,    and 
fiiUjefV  themfelves  to  every  danger  and 
diftrefs,    to  be  reduced  to  a  Rate  of 
flavcry  :    they  did  not"  give  up  their 
rights  9    they  looked  for   prote^ion,i. 
and  not  for  chains,  from  their  moUier 
country  i   by  her  they  expcftcd  to  be 
defended    In   the    pofleilion   of  thcif . 
property,    and  not  to  be  deprived  of 
It :  for,  fiioulJ  the  prcfent  pojycr  con*, 
tinuc,    there  is  nothing   which   they* 
can  call  their  own^,    or,    to  ufe  the 
words  of  Mr^  Locke,  ••  What'propcr- 

M  tj 


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99 


To  the  AutJm  ^/.ThcConfeffion^K 


^  ty  can  they  havfc  in  that,  which  another 
mav,  by  right!  take> '\vheb  he  pleafei; 
K)  himfdf." 

7o  ihe  Autbor  of  u  Wori^  mtitUd  The 
Confefii^JlaU 
S  I  R, 

IN  page  -360  of  your  Gohfeflional,] 
you  tell  the  publick,  that,  ««  one 
of  tti^  laft  pieces  publilhed  on  the  tri- 
nity, was.  An  Appeal  to  the  Common 
Senfe  of  all  Chrifhan  People^  &c-  which' 
book,  you  add,  lias  pallbd  through  two 
editions  without  any  fbirt  of  reply  that 
you  have  heard  of  5''  but  you,  fir,  ha- 
iniig  beard,  fince  this  was  written/ 
that  Dr.  Macdohel  had  anfwered  the 
Abpeal;  advcrtifc  your  readers  of  it 
Bjriubftituting  this  note  at  the  bottom 
qf  the  frame  page. 

•*  When  this  was  written  I  did  not 
IttWW  of  Dr.  MacdoneKs  Anfwcr  to 
the  Appeal,  and  much  lefs  of  the  ap- 
pdhnlfs  replication,  intitled  the  Tri- 
nitarian Controverfy  reviewed,  printed^ 
ibr  Millar,  1760.  It  is  fomeihing, 
however,  to  ray  purpofe,  that  no  Eh^- 
liftiman  of  any  hame  ha»  oflfered  to 
confute  the  Appeal,  andihat  theAtha- 
ifafian  dodlrine  Teems  to  be  confrgned' 
to  the  fole  protection  of  our  trifh^ 
champion,  who  makes  fo  indifferent  i 
f^ure  in  the  haiidr  of  the  appellant, 
that  probably  we  (hall  hear  no  more 
of  him  ;  the  faid  appellant  having  faid 
chough  to  deter  wife  men  of  both 
fidci  from,  meddling  farther  Jn  the 
controverfy,  unleft  in  the  way  of  re- 
view,- =        V'      • 

-I  can  tell  you,  ftr,_ of  fotae  others' 
wholhave  written  again  ft  the  Appeal. 
It  has,  lir,  been  anfwered  by  Mr.  Laii- 
don,  an  ingenious  clergyman  in  Kent. 
But,  in  my  opinion,  it  has  been  an- 
fwered more  effectually  In  the  London 
Magazine;  v^here  the' controverfy  be- 
tween  the  appellant  and  his  opponent 
w^s  carried  on  for  about  two  years, 
though  not  without  interruption  for  a 
month  or  two$  till  at  laft  the  appel- 
lant was  fo  miferably  mauled,  that  he 
vfas  glad  to  give  over  the  conteft.  In 
this  controverfy  tlie  Appeal  is  pioved 
to  be  a  paltry  piece  of  impertinence, 
and  its  author  aconce*^ted,  weak  man  ; 
and  for  the  truth  of  thefe  aflcrtions  I 
appeal  tb  every  competent  judge  ♦. 
Perhaps  you,  (ir^  who  profeu  to  ad- 


mire  the  Appeal,  and  who  moreover 
have  declaireo,  that  you  areHnther 
afn^d  nor  ajbamed  to  eall  for  a  r€*vie--zA^ 
tf  our  Triftttariaa  forms'^  wHi  ftep  fbrtlx 
to  the  defence  of  your  dlfcomfited 
friehdi  If  this  Ihould  be  the  cafe,  I 
do'hot  think  you  wjll  have  caufe  to 
p6'niplain,  that  no  notice  is  taken  o£* 
you.  In  the  mean  time,  candour  otili- 
gcth  me  to  grant  that,  if  the  Appeal 
be  confuted,  it  is  confuted  by  k  writer 
^o  has  no  name.  But,  furely,  thii^ 
circumftance  is  a  mere  trifle,  efpecial- 
ly,  if  it  be  remembered,  that  the  au- 
thbr  of  theAppcal  is  hinifelf  zip  at^ony- 
mous  writer,  and  that' 'the  fame  is 
true  of  the  fagacious  author  of  the 
Cdnfeflional. 

As  cveiy  human  work  is  fure  to  bcai* 
fignatures  of  humanity,  it  would  be 
foolifh  to  think  our  Lutirgy  abfolutely 
perfe6V;  it  is,  probabl^i  in  many  parts 
inaccurate  both  in  fentiment  and  ex- 
fi^flion,  and  glad  {hould  I'be  if  thefe 
inaccuracies  were  rcmo'ved :  But  the 
mieftioti  is,  who  fliall  remove  them  ?* 
Ybu,  good  (ir,  are,  I  krtoi^,  ready  to 
offef  your  fervice;  but  before;we  rrou- 
bleyou,  it  will  be  civil  to  infbrm  our-* 
felves,  whether  you  be  qualified  foi' 
fpch  an  undertaking  j  in  order  thereto* 
it  mayliot  be  amiS  to  examine  how 
s^ccurate  your  own  writings  are. 

Be  it  then  remarked  that  your  note^ 
quoted  above,  begins  with  thefe  words^ 
•*  When  this  was  written  I  did  not 
know  of  Dr.  Macdoner«  anfwer  to  the 
Appeal,  and  much  lefs  of  the  appel- 
lant's replication.^*  Now^  fir,  it  is  to 
me  inconceivable,  how  you  can  know' 
much  lefs  of  one  thing,  than  of  ano-' 
ther  of  which  you  know  uothing. 

In  the  fame  page  from  whence  this 
note  wns  taken,  aie  to  be  found  the 
following  words,  "  Many  of  the  con- 
gregations where  the  Athanafiah  creed 
has  been  difufed,  if,  by  accident,  aa 
officiating  (tranger  {hould  read  ic  to 
them  in  its  courfe,  have  been  known 
to  fignify  their  diflike  and  furprize  by- 
very  manifeft  tokens  :'*  J^ow  it  is  re- 
markable, that  in  the  qext  page  but 
one  to  this,  viz.  p.  358,  you  tell  us, 
that  "  the  common  people  are  not 
much  offended  at  the  do6lrines  of  the 
Trinity,  and  that  few  of  them  form, 
any  ideas  about  themT^  This,  fir, 
looks  fomething  like  a  contradi^ioi>  i. 


^' This  contrti*verJj  began  in  the  MagaztKcfor  November,  1764, 


'U 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^8. 


Ohfervation  m  Ephcfi 


\i  bebg  incredible,  that  the  comtx^on 
people  Ihould  didUce  what  doth  nc4 
offend  thezn  ;  or  that  they  (bov^d  ex** 
preis  their  (urprize  at  do^rines  about 
which  they  do  not  form  any  ideasi 
Voa  will,  not,  I  prcfumc,  tell  me  that 
thefe  congregations  did  not  confift  ot 
common  people,  but  of  profound  phi- 
lofophers  ana  metaphyilcia/is.  Neither 
can  you  be  Co  weak  as  to  fay  that  their 
lurpnze  and  diflike  to  the  Athanafian 
creed  was  owing  to  their  being  difu- 
fed  to  it  I  becaufe  this  would  render 
your  inilance  impertinent  j  thefe  con- 
eregations  would,  for  the  fame  rea- 
lon,  exprels  their  furprize  and  diflike 
at  hearing  any  other  pare  of  our  Li- 
turgy, even  the  Lord's  prayer. 

Again  in  the  iame  page,  viz.  p. 
35S,  you  begin  a  paragraph  thus: 
"  Soft  and  fair.  Let  the  difquifitors 
anfwcr  for  themfelvcs,  and  their  own 
views  and  principles ;  but  do  not  pn- 
j»*^ge  them  bifonbandy  This,  fir, 
{eemeth  to  me  as  good  fenfe  and  £ng- 
^Oi,  at  if  you  (hould  fay  to  a  man,  do 
not  prtceJg  me  befort  me. 

I  defire  my  readers  to  obfervc,  that 
the  parages  on  which  thefe  remarks 
are  made,  are  not  fcparated  by  more 
than  one  page,  as  they  will  thereby  be 
the  better  enabled  to  judge  how  near- 
ly oor  Liturgy  will  be  made  to  ap- 
proach pcifcftion  by  the  touch  of  your 
reforming  hand. 

And  now,  fir,  having  made  thus 
free  with  you,  juftice  and  candour  o- 
blige  roc  to  declare,  that  1  do  not 
think  you,  either  in  learning  or  natU; 
ra]  talents,  by  any  means  inferior  to 
the  moft  able  of  your  worthy  JFricnds, 
(be  Free  and  candid  Dilquifltors.  Your 
fault  lies  in  thinking  too  highly  of 
yourielf  j  you  deem  yourfelf  qualified 
to  inftru^  the  learned  world  :  This  it 
a  grofs  miftake,  and  I  am  very  forry 
that  you  are  fallen  into  it :  ]^or  thougn 
1  well  know  that  your  pen  can  have  no 
other  effc6l  with  men  of  judgment 
than  to  excite  a  fn^ile,  yet  let  me  tell 
you  that,  among  the  multitude,  it 
may  do  much  mifchief  5  this  is  a  Icri- 
oui  ali'air. 

1  am.  Sir,  your's,  kc.    A.  B. 

r#  the  AUTHOR  of  the   LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

YOl/R  correfpondent  ^Mag.  for 
Jan.  p.  4..)  is  not  laci&fitd  With 

•  Sirmoftjf  as  hefu 


lan^  ii.  3«  ^t 

my  obferratiic^ns  hpon  £ph.  11.  ^.  He 
now  ^ailedges.  Gal.  ii.  15.  vifhere,  as 
■&c  fays,  Jt'ws  by  nature  is  by  birth; 
In  anfwer  to  which  I  fay,  that  the 
^poiUe  intends  to  include  profefyte?^ 
as  well  as  fuch  as  we^e  born  of  jewifl) 
parents.  For.  they  alfo  were  Jews.  So 
Efth.  viii.  17..  And  many  of  the  people  ^ 
the  land  became  Je^s.  Here,  in  Gal, 
ii.  15.  the  two  great  divifions  of  man- 
kind, at  that  time,  are  reprerentecj 
by  yeivs  and  Gentiles.  In  other  places, 
and  very  frequently,  it  is  drcumcifed 
and  uncircumcifedf  circumctjion  and  un^^ 
ctrcumcifion.  But  lio  man  is  born  cir^ 
cumcifed.  It  is  a  mark  fixed  in  the 
flefli  afterwards  :  Nor  has  a  perfon, 
defcendcd  of  Jcwifli  parents,  any  ad- 
vanta^^e  by  his  birthi^  unlefs  he  be  cir- 
cumcilcd  according  to  the  law  of  Mofes, 
If  that  is  omitted,  he  is  not  a  Jew, 
but  a  mere  Gentile.  So  ^hat  all  de- 
pends upon  circumcifion-  And,  as  ijt 
has  been  faid^  CbriAianus  non  nafcitur, 
fed  ft :  It  may  be  likewifc  iaid,  a  Jew 
is  not  born,  but  tnade  fo. 

Yoiii*  correfpondent  now  alfo  brings 
in  the  words  of  Pf.  Ii.  7.  which  indeed 
have  been  often  alledgcd  to  prove  the 
general  corruption  of  the  human  na- 
ture: But  are  no  proof  at  all.  Here 
again,  the  author,  formerly  cjuote(^ 
may  be  of  ufe  to  us  *.**  Some,  lays  he, 
are  early  drawn  afide  into  evil  courfes, 
by  the  fhares  of  this  world.  Which 
occationed  the  Pfalmin:  to  fay  hyp^rbq- 
lically  of^  foroe  wicked  men  :  Tvey  arg 
ef ranged  from  the  loomb,  Tbey  go  aJJrini, 
as  jbon  as  they  are  horn.  And  in  like 
manner  David,  after  the  coinmifTipns 
of  the  great  fms  lie  had  falltn  into, 
recoUe^^s  alfo  his  pait  offences,  and 
fays,  he  ^ad  been  Jbapen  in  iniquity y  and 
infti  bad  bis  mother  conceived  hint:  That 
is,  he  laments  his.  too  great  propenncy 
to  fome  (ins,  and  humbly  owns,  that 
even  in  early  life  he  had  done  things, 
which  he  ought,  to  repent  of,  ^nd 
blame  himfclf  for.  But  he  is  here 
fpeaking  of  himfelffc  Or  his  ovvn  par- 
ticular conlUtution,  *'nbt  of  all  men  in 
general."  All  which  is  agreeable  to 
•Grotius  upon  the  place.  To  whom 
therefore,  and  to  other  judicious  com^ 
mentators,,  I  refer  the  objeflpr  j  if  hip 
is  iliil  diiiatisfied.  I  do  not  intend  to 
write  any  raoie  upon  this  fubj eft  j  for 
1  am  not  able  to  Uy  any  thing  more, 
or  heuer,  than  what  has  been  already 
faid  by  others.  N.  N. 

M  7,  TH£0. 

r/,  p.  151,  153. 


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9^  T  H  p  O  L  Q  G  I  C  A  3L 

THEOLOGICAL  QJIEIUES. 


Feb. 


J,  YT  O  W  11  it  poflible  unanimity 

XJL  in  reli^on  (bould  fubfift,  bu^ 
lipon  the  bafis  of  plain,  intelligibfe, 
(evident,  rational,  AibfUntial  and  im- 
portant truth  ? 

a.  Can  a  religion  that,  in  an  efjpe- 
cial  manner,  exhorts  ^11  its  profeflors 
to  perfeverancc  in  the  praftice  of  love 
^na  charity,  be  fuppofed  to  require  a 
pofitive  and  abfolute  belief  of  thing*, 
that  can  never  bc'fatisfaftorily  cleared 
up,  explained,  and  reconciled  with 
reafon  ;  and  which,  therefore,  if  a  be- 
lief of  the  articles  contained  therein 
be  deemed  of  real  importance,  muft 
occailon  endlefs  difputes  and  animo.- 
11  ties  ?  For  how  can  a  difpute  be  de- 
termined about  a  point,  that  accord- 
ing to  the  prefcnt  fuppofition,  cannot 

poflibly  be  fo  much  as  explained,  a^cmciii.  lu  an  i.icdiiirc»  lu  \. 
much  lefs  proved  to  the  fatisfa61ion  of  and  improve  that  principle, 
thofe  who  oppofe  it  ?       . 

3.  Does  not  natural  religion  chiefly 
and  principally  confift,  in  the  belief 
pf  an  implied  or  tacit  promifc,  made 
l)y  the  Creator  of  all  things,  of  reward- 
ing thofe,  who  through  the  influence 
of  the  belief  of  fuch  promife,  dili- 
gently ferve  him  f 

4.  Can  the  Almighty  Creator  of  all 
things,  be  obliged  by  any  thing  but 
his  promife  5  and  can  he  do  any  inju- 
ry, and  be  guilty  of  injuftice  towards 
;my  cr«ature,  unlefs  uponfuppofition  of 
the  fubflrtence  of  fome  promife  either 
cxprefs  or  implied,  conveying  a  right 
to  better  treatment  ? 

5.  Is  it  poflible  to  reconcile  God*s 
moral  attributes  with  each  other, 
but  by  fuppoiing  they  all  center  and 
unite,  and  arc  all  founded '  in  his  ve- 
racity, and  the  ftability  of  his  promifes? 

6.  How  can  God  manifeft  the  cx- 
tenfivenefs  of  his  goodnefs,  but  by 
means  of  manifefting  the  exteniiveneis 
of  his  truth  ? 

7.  Can  the  fecure,  compleat,  and 
everlafting  happinefs  of  the  creatures, 
be  founded  in  any  thing  but  the  ve- 
racity of  God,  and  the  finnnefs  and 
fledfaflnefs  of  his  word  ? 

S.  Whether  it  did  not  pleafe  God 
tp  pardon  the  flnt  of  men^  on  account 
of  the  death  of  Chrift,  not  becaufe 
there  was  any  real  merit  in  his  fuf- 
ferings  with  refpe(t  to  God,  nor  be- 
caufe Chrift's  righteoufnefs  was  here- 
by m^de  oqn  ^y  imputation,  but  be- 


caufe by  fulfilling  his  promifle  of  ex-» 
pofing  his  beloved  fon,  and  whom  he 
liad  appointed  heir  of  all  things,  to 
fuch  fufferings,  and  conftituting  himi 
Lord  of  all,  according  to  hb  promife^ 
as  the  reward  of  his  IbfTerings,  h« 
could  experimentally  give  the'ftronge^ 
evidence  to  all  creatures,  of  his  abfo* 
lute  determination  to  fulfil  all  his  pro- 
mifes, and  confequently  advance  tiieir 
happinefs  to  the  greatefl  height,  and 
eftablifli  it  upon  the  firmed  and  fureft 
foundation — could  plainly  (hew  by 
Chrift's  exaltation  as  the  reward  of 
bis  fuflTcring  through  the  influence  of 
a  firm  belief  of  the  promifes  of  God« 
that  all  fuch  (and  fuch  only)  fliould 
be  abundantly  rewarded,  and  reputed 
fons  of  Ged^  as  fhould  follo^  the  ex- 
ample of  his  faith  and  patience,  and 
could  thus  give  the  greateil  encour*- 
agemcnt  to  all  creatures  to  cultivate 
,  \  I  upon 
which  all  compleat,  fecired'cverlafung 
happinefs  muft  depend-— and  could 
likewife  make  it  manifeft,  that  ho^r 
merciful  foevcr  he  might  be  in  forgiv- 
ing other  fins,  yet  that  a  wilful,  ob- 
(linate,  and  malicious  denial  of  his  ve- 
racity (a  true  principle  in  its  own  na^ 
ture  utterly  inconfiftent  with  true  hap- 
pinefs) fliall  never  be  forgiven  > 

9.  Is  the  univefal  eflablifhment  of  a 
meer  moral  eovcrnment,  reconcilable 
with  the  wifdom  and  goodnefs  of  God> 

10.  Is  it  confiftent  with  wifdom  and 
goodnefs  to  make  none  truly  happy, 
becaufe  fome,  and  it  may  be  the 
greater  part  will  not  cultivate  and  im- 
prove in  their  fouls  that  principle, 
upon  which  alone  true  happinefs  can  be 
founded  and  eflablifhed  ? 

1 1.  Is  not  the  fuppofition  of  Chrift's  . 
having  /bffered  only  with  refpeft  to  an 
imagined  human  (bul,  and  of  his  be- 
ing one  fabftance  with  the  father  and 
impaflible,  manifeftly  fubverfivc  of  the 
whole  end  and  dcfign  of.  the  redemp- 
tion :  and  upon  fuch  fuppofition,  caa 
any  rational  connexion  be  conceived 
between  the  fufferings  of  Chrifl,  and 
the  pardon  of  our  fins  ? 

i».  Can  creatinic  and  preferyinc^  a 
world  in  compliance  »^ith  the  will  of 
another,  of  itfelf  give  a  right  to  an  ab- 
folute power  and  authority  over  it  | 
though  it  cannot  but  be  allowed  to  be 
a  qualification  for  being  invefted  with 
fqch  power  ?  ^  . 

J 3.  If  ihc  father  willed  to  create  a 

Vprid, 


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iy€i. 


Q^  U :  E    R    I    E    S. 


93 


wwkf,  could  be  not  do  according  to 
\h  wilt,  unlcfs  the  ion  willed  it  likewife? ' 

14.  U  Cbrift's  right  to  divine  wor- 
iijp  Iboiided  In  bis  natural  perftdions— 
n  hit  being  creator  and  prcferver  of 
aQ  things ^^r  In  his  mediatorial  office  ? 

1 5.  Sappofing  a  being  of  the  greateft 
poflible  perfe^ion  (1  (jpeak  of  natural 
not  moral  perfefHon)  ihould  create  a 
world »  and  commit  to  another  of  com- 
paradvelj  inferior  perfe^ont,  the  in- 
tire  and  abfolute  eovernment  thereof, 
and  the  whole  difpofal  of  tytry  thing 
therein,  in  fuch  manner  as  to  take  no 
tfaoQ^t,  nor  in  the  leaft  to  concern 
himfelf  about  it— to  which  of  them 
wtwld  divine  woHhip  be  due  P 

s6»  Moft  not  Chnft's  right  to  judge 
and  fovtm  all  things*  and  his  rijgbt 
to  divine  worfhip,  of  neceflity  be  (up- 
po&d  to  be  founded  in  one  and  the 
fame  thihg  ? 

17.  Does  It  not  appear  from  the 
fbUowipg  texts,  that  thrift's  right  to 
jodee  and  govern  all  things  is  founded 
u  his  mematorial  office  ?  Heb.  i.  3. 
%.  9.  a»<^  IS.  %.  John  5.  iij  «iy  23, 
S7,  S7.  Phil.  a.  S*  9,  10,  11.  Luke  29. 
sS. 

iS.  If  Chrift  was  reftored  to  the  fame| 
|lory,  as  the  reward  of  his  fufferin^s, 
after  his  death  and  refurre&ion,  which 
he  bad  with  the^  Father  be/ort  tbi 
mtmrU  was  \  does  it  not  clearlv  follow, 
that  the  glory  he  had  with  tnc  father 
bdbre  the  creation,  was  enjoyed  bv 
him  in  virtue  of  his  proroife  of  fuf- 
fering,  and  as  the  reward  of  his  fu- 
ture fofferings  to  be  undergone,  ac- 
cording to  the  will  of  his  father,  for 
the  advancement  of  the  happinefs  of 
all  his  creatures  ?  For  if  his  glory, 
his  authority  to  judge  and  govern  the 
world,  was  the  reward  of  his  fufFer-. 
ings  in  one  cafe,  Why  not  in  the  other? 
There  was  however  this  circuinftan- 
tial  difference,  which  may  account 
for  Irveratexpreirions In  fcripture,  that 
the  glory  which  he  had  before  his  fuf- 
ferings,  he  enjoyed  conditionally*  jot 
in  vimie  of  Kti  promife  of  performing 
certain  conditions,  whereas  he  enjoyed 
it  afterwards  unconditionally,  or  as 
one  that  had  performed  the  condi- 
tionf   required. 

19.  If  Chrif^,  in  (cripture,  more 
cfpeciall>  confidcred  as  the  fon  of  God, 
hecaufe  before  his  incarnation  he  go- 
verned all  things,  in  virtue  of  nis 
promife  of  perfo|rining  certain  condi- 


^ns,  and  becaufis  af^er  his  refiirrec- 
tion  he  was  conftituted  heir  and  joni 
of  all  things  $  or  becaufe  he  proceeded 
from  the  Father  by  eternal  generationf 
«o.  If  the  father  create  all  things^ 
and  governs  them,  and  redeemed 
mankind  by  Jefus  Chrift  who  is  lord 
of  all  i  if  Jeliis  Chrift  (whether  finite 
or  infinite,  dependent  or  independent 
by  nature^  equal  to  or  comparatively 
inferior  to  the  father  in  natural  per- 
fections, though  infinitely  fuperior 
therein  to  the  creatures  whom  he  has^ 
made)  always  has,  and  always  will 
with  refpe61f  to  the  creation  and  go-* 
vernment  of  the  whole  world,  aA  ac* 
cording  to  the  will  and  counfel  of  his 
Father,  may  he  not  be  truly  faid  to 
do  all  tilings  that  the  Father  doth^  and 
be  properly  called  and  worihiped  as 
one  God  with  the  Father?  Mull  he  not 
of  neceflity  have  a  right  to  equal 
worlhip  with  the  Father  ?  Muft  he  not 
even  upon  fuppofition  of  no  unity 
of  fubttance,  confidered  as  the  obje6t 
of  our  worihip,  be  thouEht  diftin^, 
yet  inieperable  from  the  father  ?  For 
how  can  we  honour  the  Father  as  crea- 
-tor,  preierver ;  redeemer,  judge  and 
difpofer  of  all  things,  and  not  equally 
honour  in  the  fame  refpedls  the  fon 
likewife  ?  Will  not  the  only  difference 
be,  that  we  (hall  wecOiip  the  Father  as 
the  fountain  and  origin  of  all  being 
and  all  good  ;  and  the  fon  as  deriving 
all  power  and  authority  from  the  fa- 
ther, and  governing  all  things,  and 
difpenfing  all  bleflings  (tbo*  conftitut. 
ed  abfolute  Lord  of  all)  according  t» 
the  will  of  his  father,  doing  alnuays  tbtfe 
tb'mgs  that  pUafe  bim  F  And  what  is 
this  but  wodhipping  the  Son  as  the  Son, 
and  the  Father  as  the  Father  ?' 
.  SI.  Can  there  pofTihly  be  any  idola- 
try, or  any  blafphemy,  in  worfhippiug 
the  true  God  and  governor  of  the 
world,  in  acknowledging  his  truths 
and  in  perfeverinjg  in  the  belief  of  his 
being  a  fulfiiler,  m  the  hight ft  degree, 
of  his  word  and  promife  in  all  things  ? 

To  the  Printer  oftbe  Public  Advcrtifer. 
SIR. 

SINCE  my  return  to  this  city,  I  find 
that  Mr.  A.  has  publiihed  (otsm 
funber  remarks  upon  my  letter,  relat- 
ing to  the  bounty  upon  the  exporta- 
tion of  our  corn.  (See  laft  vol.  p.  $52.) 
I  would  not  aifront  fo  polite  and 
fo  elegant  an  author,  by  defiring  h\m 

to 


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94 


Opinien  on  Sutton'i  Ititttda^on. 


Vk\i\ 


to  took  Hlt6  ant  ^^  ^^  Hdicnlout  ef- 
fftys,  publiihed  by.  that  bftnd  of  geh- 
tiemen  who  vefrt  their  opinions  through 
^e  ihediiim  of  the  public  papersj  but 
"%.  hope  I  maVi  without  affronting  his 
degance,  den^e  hiiti  to  109k  into  BiOrop 
pleetwood'8  Chronicon  Preciojiim,  bc- 
eaufe  he  may  there  fee  that  the  com- 
iMm  price  of  Britilh  wheat  in  the  be- 
ginning of  Queen  EliKabeth^a  reign 
y^zjk  at  88.  per  quarter,  though  the 
p^efent  ftandard  of  our  coin  had  been 
Ibttled  in  the  firft  year  of  her  r6ign. 

He  lAay  there  likewife  fee,  that  the 
liigh  pf^ce  of  oar  wheat  in  1587  and 
Y 595i  was  occafioned  by  an  exceili?e  ex- 
portatton)  and  in  p.  76  he  may  fee,  that 
ib  longfince  a8  in  1  j39>  fomc  ui)der- 
takers  contrafted  with  our  government 
t^o  fomiih  their  army  in  Scotland  with 


John  Pringle  to  Mr.  Brady  at  BrttflelfJ 
dated  London  the  6th  ot  May»  1767, 
upon  the  fobjeft  of  the  inoculation  oC 
the  fmall-pox. 

They  humbly  beg  leave  to  ob/erve, 
that  no  report  whatfoever,  in  relpe^ 
to  the  gentral  fuccefs  of  inoculation 
in  this  Country,  can  greatly  exceed  the 
truth  ;  that  for  many  years  pai  fcarce 
one  in  a  thoufand  has  failed  uiider  the 
inoculated  fmall-pox,  even  before  the 
time  of  the  Suttons,  where  the  pa- 
tients haVe  been  properly  prepared 
before,  and  rightly  treatea  during 
the  eruption,  withrefpedto  External 
heat,  diet,  cooling  and  openinjg  me- 
dicines. 

That  by  a  fteJsidy  obfervance  of  tbcfi^ 
rules,  and  by  a  much  freer  ufe  of  the 
open  and  even  cold  air,  than  was  far- 


90000  quarters  of  wheat  and  malt,  to    merly  known  in  this  coulitry,  MefH-s. 
be  delivered  at  Berwick,   or  in  Leith    Suttons  and  others  have  communicated 


road,  at  9s.  per  quarter.  In  fhort, 
fh>m  the  whole  tenor  of  our  biftory, 
it  is  evident  that  our  armies  and  gar- 
Itfons^  both  in  France  and  Scotland, 
were  always  furnilhed  with  corii  and 
malt  from  England. 

Thefe  fa6ls  I  thought  myfclf  ob- 


liged to  mention,   in  order  to  (hew>   cefs  of  it  daily^ 


the  fmall-pox  with  very  great  fuccefs^ 
and  hav^  thrown  fome  new  lights  upon 
the  fubjeA  of  inoculation,  particularly 
with  rerpe£t  to  the  expofmg  of  patients 
to  the  open  air  \  that  the  inoculatori 
vtk  Englanti  in  general  have  adoptM 
this  method,  and  experience  the  fuc- 


that  the  common  price  of  Briiifh 
^heat  has  been  much  lower  than  it 
is  now  fold  for  ;  and  that  we  had*  a 
great  exportation  long  before  any 
bounty  was  granted  upon  it. 

I  am,  Sir,  &c. 
#eb.  fr.  B. 

'ihe  opinion  of  bis  Majtfifs  Pbjficiaui 
and  Surgions,  given  Jan.  23,  1768, 
in  regttrd  to  Mejfrs,  Sutton^s  Practice 
in  Inoculation^  in  confequenet  of  a  Let- 
ttr  froiH  Sir  John  Pringle,  dated 
London,  May  6,  1767,  to  Mr, 
Brady  at  Bruflels,  and  another  from 
Count  Kaunitz  Rittberg,  dated  Vi. 
.  enna,  Dec.  17,  1767,  to  Count  Sei- 
lern,  Ambafadof  from  tbe  Emprefi 
S^en  to  tbe  King  0}  Great-Briuin. 
London^  Jan.  23,  1768. 

THE  phyiicians  and  furgeons  of 
the  king  of  Great  Britain,  in 
obedience  to  his  majeftv's  commands, 
ItiinfmHted  to  them  by  the  earl  of 
Hertford,  his  majefty's  Lord  Cham- 
berlain, have  perufed  and  duly  con- 
fidered  two  letters  delivered  to  them  \ 
dne  from  Count  Kaunitz  to  Count 
deilern,  dated  Vienna  the  17th  of  De- 
cember,   17675   the  other  from  Sir 


That  they  are  of  opinion,  thit  the 
ibccefs,  of  Meilrs.  Suttons  is  td  be  at- 
attributed  to  the  advantages  ariting 
from  the  'Oppofition  to  colder  air> 
from  a  judicious  treatment,  and  tbe 
due  obfervance  of  fome  other  rules^ 
which  have  ufually  been  followed  in  this 
country  before,  and  not  to  any  peculiar 
noflrttmi  or  jpecific  remedy. 

That  they  have  no  doubt,  but  that 
the  method  of  inoculation,  pra6li fed 
in  England  with  fuch  nniverfal  fuccefs^ 
would  be  as  fuccefsful  at  Vienna,  pro- 
vided the  inoculation  was  performeci 
with  the  fame  (kill  and  prudence,  and 
the  patients  were  equally  fubmiUlve  to 
the  rules  dire^^ed. 

In  anfwer  to  the  extract  from  Sir 
John  Pringle's  letter  they  beg  leave  to 
make  the  following  obfervation^  :  It  is 
faid  that  the  number  of  puftules  oh  ihe 
whole  body  of  a  patient  inoculated  by 
Sutton  docs  not  exceed  one  hundred, 
or  two  hundred  at  mo(l,  commonly 
not  a  dozen :  If  it  is  meant  that  the 
number  of  puftules  can  be  determineti^ 
and  that  they  will  ne*ver  exceed  two 
hundred,  they  beg  leave  to  obfeive, 
that  t)iis  is  not  an  eXa6l  reurefentation 
Of  the  cafe  >  for  though  it  will  very 
frequently 


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nS9. 


£efihimn^'  fc?r;  ^/  tt^  QmmonL 


fireqaea^X  bappftn  lh^t  the  num* 
ber  of  puftules  will  not  be  more  than  a 
dozcQ,  yet  fometimeSy  though  very 
rarely,  they  wiU  greatly  exceed  tW9 
huDdfj^d. 

It  is  faldthat  Sutton  does  not  re? 
anire  Ills  patients  to  keep  in  dgorst 
This  paila^e  feems  to  imply  that  it  is 
at  the.  option  of  the  patients  whether 
they  will  go  out  or  no  i  but  the  truth 
is,  they  are  ilri^y  enjoined  to  go 
abroad*  and  to  expoie  themfelvrt 
to  the  open  air.  It  b  /a|d  that  Sutton 
has  inoculated  40,000  patients  nuitbvut 
1^  •nt.  They  are  not  able  to  afcer* 
tain  the  number  that  He  has  inoculat- 
ed, but  believe  he  has  failed  fo  verv 
feUoQb  ^bat  tbey  dp  not  ;hink  that  it 
ought  to.  be  con^ered  as  any  objc^on 
to  his  method. 

Sir  John  Pringle  adds,  that  when 
SattoQ  is  called  to  people  in  the  natu- 
re fmall-pox,  who  areindaneer  and 
at  the  height,  or  crifis  of  the  diftemper, 
the  ftrft  thing  that  he  does  to  relieve 
tbem  is,  to  expofe  them  to  the  open 
air,  to  carry  them  into  it  if  it  be  pof- 
fible,  and  this  even  in  the  winter ;  and 
if  they  are  oot  in  a  (:Qnditipn  to  be 
removed,  he  orders  all  the  windows' 
and  bed-curtains  to  be  thrown  open. 
They  apprehend  this  pra3ice  has  been 
foand  unfucce&ful. 

The  Suttons  are  undoubtedly  in 
foise  refpe&s  improvers  in  the  art  of 
inoculation,  but  by  applying  their 
roles  too  generally,  and  by  their  not 
making  a  proper  allowance  for  the 
difference  of  the  con^tutions,  have 
frequently  done  harm.  AH  their  im- 
provements have  been  adopted  by 
ocher  inoculators,  and  in  the  bands  of 
isifSt  the  art  feems  to  be  carried  to 
great  perfc^on. 

i^-^i^.'^^i!:^ 

D.MlDDI^TOH.  .       y'^^'^t^ 

i  %tf^utioa  and  Order  of  the  Houfe  of 
Conmotu* 
Lunae,  %^  Die  Februarii,  1768. 
Rcfolved, 

THAT  fuch  part  of  the  capital 
ftock  of  annuitiea  after  the  rate 
•ffi»ur  pounds  per  centuin,  eit|U)li{hed 


95 

by  an  aA  paade  in  the  third  year  qf 
hi^  i^ijefty's  reign,  intituled,  an  a6^ 
for  granting  to  his  tnajefly  /evtral 
additional  duties  upon  wines  imported 
into  this'^kingdom,  and  certain  duties 
iHX>n  ¥U  eyder  and  perry,  and  fot 
raifing  the  fum  of  thi-ee  miilion  five 
hundred  thoniEand  pounds  by  way  of 
aniiuities  and  lotteries  to  be  charged 
on  the  faid  duties,  as  (hall  remain  af- 
ter |h9  5th  day  of  Jul;^  next,  be  re-» 
dcam^  and  paid  oifF  in  manner  fbi-i 
(owing ;  that  is  to  fay,  one  half  o€ 
Aich  remaining  part  of  Uie  faid  capital 
ftock  of  annuities  on  the  loth  day  of 
O^tpber  next,  and  the  other  half,  be« 
ing  the  reiidue  of  fuch  .capital  ftock^ 
on  the  5th  day  of  January  1769^  after 
difchargbg  the  intereft  due  on  each 
9f  the  iaid  dsys  upon  the  reipeftive 
parts  of  the  faid  capital  ftock  which  in 
then  to  be  redeemed  and  paid  off* 
Ordered, 

That  Mr.  Speaker  do  forthwith  gvm 
notice^  that  inch  pare  of  the  capital 
goelc  of  annuities  after  the  rate  of 
four  pounds  per  centum,  eftablifiied 
by  an  aft  made  in  the  third  year  of  hie 
majefty^s  reign,  intituled,  an  aft  -for 
granting  to  his  ma)efty  fereral  addi-^ 
tional  d^cs  upon  wines  imported 
into  this  kingdom,  and  certain  dutien 
upon  all  cyder  and  perry,  and  for 
raifing  the  Aim  of  three  fanttion  five 
hundred  thoufand  pounds  by  way  of 
annuities  and  lotteriei^  to  be  charged 
on  the  laid  duties,  as  iball  remain  af- 
ter the  51^  d^  of  July  next,  will 
be  redeemed  and  paid  off  in  naanner 
following  ;  that  is  to  fay,  one  half  o£ 
fuch  remaining  part  of  the  faid  capi- 
tal ftock  of  annuities  on  the  loch  day 
of  Oftober  next,  and  the  other  half 
being  the  residue  of  fudt  capital  ftock, 
s^n  the  5th  day  of  January  1769,  after 
difcharging  the  intereft  due  on  each 
c^  the  laid  days,  upon  the  refpeftive 
parts  of  the  faid  capiml  ft»>ck  which  is 
then  to  be  redeemed  and  paid  oif» 
agreeable  to  the  claufes  and  powers 
of  redemption  contained  in  the  faid  aft* 

Which  refolution  and  order,  thus 
iignifiecl  and  publifhed  by  me,  art  to* 
be  fuftiLient  notice  of  the  repayment 
of  the  remaining  part  of  the  principal 
fnm  for  which  the  faid  annuities  were- 
eftablifhed,  and  of  the  redemption  of. 
the  remainder  of  the  faid  annuities. 

J.  CUST,   SpiOhiT. 

Am 


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9^ 


jkcount  of  the  Mud-tnguana. 


Ah  Account  of  an  Amphibious  Bipis ;  hy 
John  Ellis,  Efq\  F.  R.  S.  To  tbi 
Ro)al  Sociitj, 

[Read  June  5,  1766.] 

THE  SB  two  (pecimens  of  a  re- 
markable kind  of  animal,  which 
I  have  the  honour  to  lay  before  this 
Royal  Society,  I  received  laft  fummer 
from  Dr.  Alexander  Garden,  of 
Charles-town,  South  Carolina,  who 
lays,  it  is  evidently  a  new  genus  not 
jet  taken  notice  of  by  naturalifts^  and 
that  it  appears  to  him,  to  come  from 
the  Muraena  and  the  Lacerta. 

The  natives  call  it  by  the  name  of 
Mud-Ineuana. 

It  is  found  in  fwan^py  and  muddy 
places,  by  the  fides  of  pools,  under  the 
ti'unks  of  old  trees  that  bang  over  the 
water. 

The  lefler  one  B,  [fee  the  Plate} 
which  is  preferved  in  fpirits,  meafures 
about  nine  inches  in  length,  and  ap- 
pears to  be  a  very  young  ftate  of  the 
animal,  as  we  may  obferve  from  the 
iin  of  the  tail  and  the  opercula  or  co« 
▼erings  of  the  gills  being  not  yet  ex- 
tended to  their  full  fize.  There  oper« 
cula,  in  their  prefent  ftate,  confift 
each  of  three  indented  lobes,  hiding 
the  gills  from  view,  and  are  placed 
|uft  above  the  two  feet.  The(e  feet 
appear  Uke  little  arms  and  hands,  each 
furniflied  with  four  fingers,  and  each 
finger  with  a  claw. 

In  the  fpecimen  A,  which  is  about 
tiiirty-oiie  inches  long,  the  bead  is 
fomethinglike  an  eel,  but  more  com- 
jprefted :  The  eyes  are  fmall  and  pla- 
ced  as  thofe  of  the  eel  are,  in  this 
they  are  fcarce  viiible  :  This  fmallnefs 
of  the  eye  beft  iuits  an  animal  that 
lives  fo  much  in  mud.  Vht  noftrils 
are  very  plainly  to  be  didinguifhed ; 
thefe,  with  the  gills  and  the  remark, 
hie  length  of  thelun^s,  (hew  it  to  be 
a  true  amphibioas  animal.  The  mouth 
is  fmall  in  proportion  to  the  body  ( 
but  its  palate  and  in  fide  of  the  lower 
jaw  (fee  fig.  C)  are  well  provided 
with  many  rows  of  pointed  teeth  j 
with  this  provifion  of  nature,  added 
to  the  (harp  exterior  bony  edges  of 
both  the  upper  and  under  jaw,  the 
animal  feems  capable  of  biting  and 
grinding  the  bardeft  kind  of  food. 
The  (km  which  is  black,  is  full  of 
fmall  fcaies,  r€fem|>Ung  chagrin.  Thefe 
S 


fcaies  are  of  different  (izes  and  (hapes 
accordinfir  to  their  fituation,  but  all 
appear  (unk  into  its  gelatinous  fur- 
face  :  Thdfe  along  the  back  and  belly 
are  of  an  oblong  oval  form,  and  clo/e 
fet  together  :  in  the  other  parts,  they 
are  round  and  more  diftind.  Both 
the  fides  are  mottled  with  fmall  white 
fpotSy  and  have  two  diftin^  lines 
compofed  of  fmall  white  (treaks,  con* 
tinned  along  from  the  feet  to  the  tail. 
The  fin  of  the  tail  hit  no  rays,  and  is 
no  more  than  ad  adidofe  membrane 
like  that  of  the  eel ;  this  fin  appears 
more  diftin£tly  in  the  dry  aniifial  than 
in  thofe  that  have  been  prefer ved  in 
fpirits. 

^  The  opercular  or  coverings  to  the 
plls  in  dry  fpecimens  appear  fhrivel- 
led  up,  but  yet  we  may  plainly  fee  they 
have  been  doubly  pennated.  Under 
thefe  coverings,  are  the  openings  to 
ttie  gills,  three  on  each  fide,  agreeable 
to  the  number  of  the  opercula.  la 
the  plate  at  fig.  F.  the  fins  are  repre- 
ftnted  as  they  appear  when  juft  taken 
out  of  the  water  and  put  into  fpirits 
of  wine. 

The|ormof  thefe  pennated  cover- 
ings approach  very  near  to  what  I  have 
fome  time  ago  obferved,  in  the  larva» 
or  aquatic  ftate  of  our  Englifh  lacerta, 
known  by  the  name  of  eft  or  newt 
(fee  fig.  D  and  E)  which  fcrve  them 
for  coverings  to  their  gills,  and  far 
fins  to  fwim  with  during  this  (late  } 
2(nd  which  they  lofe,  as  well  as  the 
fin  of  their  tails,  when  they  change 
their  (late  and  become  land  animals  ; 
as  I  have  obferved  by  keeping  them 
alive  for  Come  time  mylclf. 

Recollefting  thefe  obfervations  on 
the  changed  of  our  Hzard,  and  at  the 
fame  time  the  many  remarkable  clian* 
ges  in  frogs,  JL  began  to  fulpcft .  whe- 
ther the  animal  might  not  be  the  laj-- 
va  ftate  of  fome  large  kind  of  lizard  j 
and  therefore  requetted*  the  favour  of 
Pr.  Solander,  to  examine  with  me 
the  lacertas  in  the  Britifh  Mufeum  ; 
that  we  might  fee  whether  any  of  the 
young  ones  had  only  two  feet;  but, 
after  carefully  going  through  m^y 
kinds,  we  could  plainly  difcover  fqur 
feet  perfe^iy  formed,  even  fn  thofe 
that  were    juft   conwng  out  of  their 

During  this  ftate  of  uncertainty,  I 
forwarded  to  Dr,  Linnaeus  of-  Upfal, 

at 


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ty68. 


''Jcewnt  tf  Mr.  Robertfoi): 


97 


at  Dr.  CtHe&'^f  'itqueft,  hit  account  Tinced,  that  It  is  quite  a  new  gtalif  ^ 

cf  the  largeft  rpedmeiiy   and,  at  the    the  animal  Idogdom. 

tout  tiihey  renthim  one  of  the  fmallar 

i^edment  prefenred  in  fpirits/  defirinir 

lua  opinioQy  for  Dr.  Cirden'tf  at  wefi 

«l  my  own,  (adtCiftioii. 

Aboat  the  latter  end  of  January  laft 
I  was  favdmed  with  na  anfwer  from 
the  profeflbry  dated  Upfal»  December 
^f  ^l^i*  wherein  he  lays, 

**  I  reGetred  \>t.  Garden's  yery 
rare  two-footed  animal  with  gills  and 
hmgt.  The  animal  is  probably  the 
Isra  of  fbme  kind  of  laorrta,  which  I 
fcry  much  defire  that  he  will  particu« 
larlf  etKjiiire  into. 

If  it  does  not  undergo  acbange,  it 
bdoi^t  to  the  order  o?  Nantes,  which 
bave  both  longs  and  gills  $  and  if  To, 
It  mnft  be  a  new  and  very  diftin^ 
genns,  and  fliouUl  moft  properly  have 
the  name  of  Siren. 

I  cannot  poflibty  defcribe  to  yon  how 
mnch  this  two  footed  animal  has  exer- 
died  my  thoughts  \  if  it  is  a  larva,  he 
wiM  no  doubt  find  Tome  of  them  with 
(borfeet. 

It  is  not  an  eafy  matter  to  reconcile 
irto  the  larva  of  the  lizard  tribe,  its 
fiagers  being  furnilhed  with  claws  j 
all  the  larvas  of  lizards,  that  I  know, 
are^vithout  them  (digitu  muticis,) 

Then  alfo  the  branchis  or  gills  are 
not  to  be  met  with  in  the  aaaatic  fala* 
naaders,  which  are  probably  the  lar- 
vas of  lizacdsy 

Further,  the  croaking  noiie  or  (bond 
St  maket  does  not  agree  with  the  larvas 
of  thefe  animals  |  nor  does  the  (itoa- 
tioAof  tbeanus. 

«  5o  that  there  is  no  creature  tliit  ever 
I  (aw,  that  I  long  (o  much  ^q  be 
convinced  of  the  truth,  as  wl^,^  this 
wili  certainly  turn  out  to  be.'* 

I  amj  with  the  greateft  refpeA, 
the  Royal  Society's 
moft  obedient  humble  fervant, 
Gray's  Inn,  June  5, 1766.      J.  Ellis* 

P.  S.  In  a  letter  lately  received  from 
Dt:  Garden,  he  mentions  one  remark- 
tble  property  in  this  animal,  which  is, 
that  hie  fervant  endeavouring  to  kill 
toe  of  them,  by  dafhiog  it  againft  the 
fioaet,  it  broke  in^o  three  or  four 
pieces :  he  further  fanrt,  that  he  hat 
■kI  an  opportunity  of  feeing  many  of 
them  lately  of  a  much  larger  fize, 
Md  that  he  never  i^w  one  with  more 
t^  two  feet  I  fb  tbat  he  is  folly  con* 

Fcb.X76S. 


IT  havin|^  been  enquired,  by  a  corre« 
/pendent  of  the  London  Chronicle, 
what  became  of  Mr.  Robertfbn,  fines 
he  wrote  the  honeft  letter  in ferted  in 
our  laft  vol.  page  625,  the  following 
'  anfwer  was    returned. 

^0  Mr.  Andrew  MarveU,  jua* 

SIR, 

,TH£  Mr.  Robertfon^  whom  yon 
are  pleafed  to  enquire  after,  in  the 
London  Chronicle,  being  now  in  Lon« 
don,  and  beft  acquainted  with  what 
you  would  be  informed  of, 'returns 
thefe  anfwers  to  the  queftlonsyou  pro* 
pofe.  But  firi^  he  muft  allure  vou, 
that  the  Uttir,  and  many  extracts  m>m 
his  book,  were  inferted  in  the  Chro- 
nicle, Magazines,  Sec.  without  the  leaft 
dire^ion  from  him,  mediately  or  im- 
mediately. 

The  ffood  biihop,  for  whom  my 
heart  ftill  glows  with  warmeft  gratis* 
tude,  anfwercd  my  letter  in  the  moft 
friendly  manner,  and  faid  he  was  forry 
that  I  myfelf  had  prevented  him  from 
doing  what  he  intended  for  me  <  And 
in  fome  private  converfations  after- 
wards, he  expreiTed  much  concern, 
that  the  law  obliged  him  to  infift  upon 
my  fobfcribing,  declaring.  Sec,  and 
that  it  was  not  in  his  power  to  dif* 
penfe  with  it.  He  then  beftowed  the 
benefices,  which  I  had  dedined,  upon 
another  clergyman. 

This  tranu^ion  between  his  lord- 
^ip  and  me  Toon  became  matter  of 
^mmon  talk,  and  I  was  looked  upon 
ps  a  dangerous  heretic. 

You  will  eafily  imagine  what  were 
the  oanfequences  of  this  chara6Ver.  I 
will  only  mention  one.  I  intreated 
my  lord,  ibme  time  after,  to  ufe  hia 
intereft  to  obtain  fome  employment  for 
me  that  would  not  be  fnconAilent  with^ 
thefe  fcruples  which  then  prevailed  in 
my  mind  ;  But  he  told  me,  very  pru» 
dentfyf  that  he  would  not  engage  in 
any  fuch  fuch  matter ;  and  I  never  faw 
him  after. 

Thefe  new  notions  which  had  got 
into  my  mind,  engaged  me  to  read 
and  think  much  upon  the  ^bje61s  of 
them  $  and  in  a  few  years  1  di^eded 
my  thoughts  into  fome  method,  and 
publifheo  a  book  intituled,  An  Attempt 
to  explain  the  words  Rclfon,  Subftance» 
~N  perfottt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


9?  Poetical  Essays  ij-FtBRUAay,  1768. 

Pfribn,  &c«.  which  hath  bcea  favoiM:-    d^lare  ^gainft  things  t]||t  ILrthdd  lA 
ably  received  b>  the  public  4'«h»gl*«ttyc'»c«'ation.  -^  ^ 


rerceiving  that  I'  bad  nothing  to  ex- 
p^Ct  in  Ireland,  I  came  here  laft  fuip- 
nier»  with  ftrong  recommendations  to 
lame  people  of  coniequ^nce.  But  I 
ftiid,  how  hard  i^  is  for  a  ftranger  to 
get  into  any  employment,  ejpecully  a 
tb-anger»  who  has  had  the  aifurance  to 


Ihavc^hchdhpur  to  1?<,  Sir, 
Youir  naoil  obedient, 

humble  fcryant, 

Ay.  ROBERTSOir. 

Frm  4fr.  ilf«r//V/,  (No.  j^i.)  Ftat^ 
Jfreetf  Feb.  i^.  1768. 


P  O  E  T  I  C  A  L    E  S  S  A  Y  S. 


Jit  Rfvtmd  ilfr.  T ,  yUar  of  A— — 

MM  Osoo»  tfi  his  Elbow  Caxit. 

LOLLING  at  eafe,  and  ?oid  of  care. 
Whom  rather  ihall  I  raife  to  fame^ 
Thin  thou  my  muchlov'd  Elbow  Chair, 

Who  thui  roppoft*ft  my  pinguid  frame  f 
When  *  Henry  long  and  f  Richard  fought. 

And  .£n|laQd  bled  in  ci?iJ  war* 
What  was  their  glorious  aim  ^— No  doubt 

'Twat  that  bevritchiog  {  Elbow  Chair. 
8p  have  I  feen  whole  winter  nigbta 

The  bottle  (land,  the  tale  fufpended. 
While  to  tbfs  chair  two  ftubborn  wighu 

Have  each  an  equal  claim  defended. 
That  ranting  youth,  now  foe  to  reft, 

Whofe  limba  a  fatal  vigour  warms, 
Shidl  laoiuifli  foon,    and  fly,  more  bleft, 

Tb  yoor*s,  than  Sylvia*s  fpreading  armi. 

0  !  may  1  long  enjoy  thy  charms. 
By  agie  more  food,  more  cooftant  grown  j 

Forget  each  care  within  thy  arms, 
Nor  envy  George  his  triple  throne. 

Tk    Mifi   PoLtY    RXYNOLD. 

WH  |E  N  firft  your  rifing  charms  I  fiiw. 
New   raptures  fiil*d  my  heart  j 
Struck  dumb  with  wonder,  love  and  awe, 

1  view'd  the  coming  dart  r 
But  when  your  wit  by  fenfe  refia*d. 

In  endleft  fweetnels  rofe. 
When  beauty,  wit  and  fenfe  €ombtn*d, 
'Twas  madneft  to  oppofe. 

1  yield,  I  yield !  refiftleis  fair, 

O  fpare  the  heart  youWe  woo  \ 
An^  kindly  liden  to  my  pray*r  | 
Or,  PoUy,  I'm  undone! 

W  MAN  fV.  LOVE. 

%  Lady  M*-y  W^y  M e. 

VUmmequi  m  ft  trouve  point  &  ^fg  trou* 
n/era  jttm»ix, 

TH  E  man  who  feels  the  dear  diieafe, 
Forgets  himfelf ,  neglefts  to  pleafe : 
The  cro«ird  avoids  and  f<ieks  the  groves,    ■ 
And  much  he  thinks  when  much  he  love^  j 
Prefs'd  With  alternate  b«pe  and  fen. 
^hs  in  her  abfeocc,  %bs.  when./hc  is  near. 


!  fay,  the  fond,  the  fair,  the  youna.'   ^ 
>fe  trifles  pafs  cnfeen  along :  °      ^ 

him  a  p^rt,  infipid  thron|;.  ^ 


•  Ibnrj  riL 


Thn 
Thofc  \ 

To  him  ^  .  . 

But  moft  he  fliuni  the  vain  coqott  | 
Contemns  her  falfe  a(fe£ted  wit  s 
The  miiiftrel*s  (bond,  the  flowing  bowl^ 
Opprefi  and  hurt  the  am*roaf  (oui, 
*Tis  iblitgde  alone  can  pleaie. 
And  gives  fome  intervals  of  ea fe. 
He  feeds  the  foft  dlftemper  there^ 
Aod  fondly  courts  the  diAant  fair  | 
To  balls,  the  filent  fliade  prefers. 
And  hates  all  other  charms  but  hert. 
When  thus  your  abfent  fwain  can  do, 
Mojly,  you  may  believe  him  true. 

VERSES  writun  ia  m   G4RD£K« 
[By  tlHfami,\ 

SE  E  how  that  pair  of  billing  dovea 
With  open  murmurs  ov^  their  lOYet  | 
And  heedleis  of  cenfoiious  eyes, 
Purfuc  their  onp'oUoted  joys : 
No  feaft  of  future  want  moleft 
The  downy  quiet  of  their  neft  ; 
No  int'reft  join*d  the  happy  paii^  / 

Securely  blcft  in  naturis^a  care. 
While  her  dear  didatea  they  purfoe  t 
For  conftancy  is  nature  too. 

Can  all  the  do^ne  of  our  fchools^^ 
Our  maxims,  our  relfgiouf  rules. 
Can  learning  to  our  lives  enfure 
Virtue  fo  bright,  or  blifs  fo  f)ure  ? 
The  great  Creator's  happy  en^s, 
Vir  ue  and  pleafore  ever  blends  t 
In  vain  the  church  and  court  have  try ^4  -    . 
Th*  united  eflence  to  divide  I     * 
Alike  they  find  their  wild  miflake. 
The  pedant  priefl,  and  giddy  ralM. 

PROLOGUE    to    the    Good-Nat iiss« 

Man. 

Spokni  iy  Mr.  BV-S^LZY. 

PR  £  S  T  by  the  load  of  life,    the  weaiy 
mind 
Surveys  the  general  toil  of  human  kind  a 
With  cool  fubmiffion  joins  the  labViog  traia^ 
And  focial  (brrow  iofta  half  its  pain. 
Amidft  the  toils  of  thia  returning  year. 
When  {cRzioii  and  nobles  learn  to  fcarf 

^  Ri(Ur4UL  X  CmrnnifM  ibsir. 


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Poetical  Essits  in  February,  iy66:  9^ 

Our  aodior*!  frieada^   thui  pIi'cM  tt  hapu 

liflance,  f  tance. 

Give  Jiim  good  wordf,  indeed,  bat  no  affif- 

Since  then  anbdpr,   oar  bard  maft  now  con* 

form  9 
T«  bide  «be  peIH»^  of  thia  pitylefa  ftorm. 
Blame  where  jov  moft,  be  candid  where  jroii 

cani 
And  beeadb  critie^  the  Cood^NatarM  Maa*' 

EPIGRAM. 


Our  fitdc  bvd,   wltbaBt^cdmplaiiit  ^ay 

&af« 
The  bofflBf  letibB*e  epideiliie  care, 
like  C«(a/'a  piloC»  di|mfy'd  by  fate, 
Teft  JB  one  common  term  with  aU  the  ifreae^ 
Diflfcft  alike  the  ftatatean  and  the  wit. 
When  one  a  boroogh  conrta,  and  one  thta 

pitt; 
The  bofy  can^idatea  for  pow*r  and  fame, 
Have  hppca  and  feara,  aad  wi(hea»  jaft  tbc 

lamej 
Dtfabled  both  to  eombat,  or  to  By, 
Moft  heat  aU  taimta>  and  hear  without  reply  | . 
Uncheck'dy   oa  both,  caprice  may  Tenc  iti 

nge, 
Aa  children  fret  the  lion  in  a  cage  ; 
The  effend^  burgeia  hoarda  his  angry' tale» 
For  thai  bicft  year,  when  all  that  vote  may 

rail; 
Th^  poet*a  foea  their  fchemea of  fpite  difmira. 
Tin  that  glad  night,  when  all  that  hate  may 

hifa.  [tribe. 

The  peUt,  *da  tme,  can  charm  th*  eUAing 
The  batd  may  iapplica^,  but  cannot  bribe  ; 
Yet  jodgM  by  thbfc,  whole  foicea  ne*er  were 

Md, 
He  feolt  no  %raift  of  ilKperfitading  gold ; 
lot  conlident  of  pruih  if  F*^  be  doe, 
Trofla,  inthooCfear,  tocsadoor,  and  toyotf. 

EPILOGUE,  Sp^mSyMn.  BULKLEY. 

AS  pepng  qttaeka  iinne  caittff.wreccK 
procure,        .    .      ,   , 
To  fwtar  the  pill,  or  drop,  haa  wrought  acifre; 
Thoaon  the  ftage  oot  playHvrighta  ftiU  ieipfoi 
For  epilogoe,  or  prok^ue,  on  fomo  friend. 
Who  knowa  each  art  of  coaxing  up  the  town. 
And  laakca  fuU  many .«.  bitter  pill  g^  down  { 
Cffiidooa  of  thia,  otir  batd  haa  gpne  aboot, 
Aad  tcaa*d  each  rhyming  friend  to  help  him 

Oct. 
An  epilogoe !— Tbingt  can*t  go  on  without  ic^ 
It  cavid  not  /ail,  would  you  but  fet  about  it. 
YoQog  ma^  criet  one,    (a  bard  laid  up  in 

dotver)        .    , 
Alu  r  yoonl'maki,  my  writing  days  are  ovtt; 
Let  boya  play  tricki,  and  kick  the  flraw,  net  /, 
Your  hro(ber  doAor  there^  pe'hapa,  m^  try  j 
What  I,  dear  Sit,  th^  doAor  idterporer^ 
What,    plant  my  tbiftle.    Sir,  ainofig  your 

roles'?  [pardon, 

No  J  adMFOur  ttoniger  ?— '  Who,  me?— Vouf 
Thofie  thinga  are  oOt  oof  foit,    at  Co  vent- 

Garden. 
As  fome  anhappy  wight,  at  fbme  new  phy. 
At  the  Pitt  door  ftaada  elbowing  away  i  <  . :  / 
While  oft  with  many  a  fmiie,    aa4  many  a 

Re  eyea  the  center,  where  his  friends  fit  fnugg 
Hia  bfflpecing  frienda,  with  pleafure  in  thty 


H«  ncxii,  thcT  noJ,  he  cring«s,  they  grimac^ 
Bit.  not  a  foul  will  bu<lge  to  i'.l^-z  him  pUtc; 

*'         *  jtUuiiwg  fa  s  Cirtain  Letter  vticb  bat  latefj  bftn  tltjubjtf?  of  much  cotivfrfaiitM 


'jh  O  MB  mourn  their  doom  in  durana  vile^ 
*^   While  9tbtri  Cat'cn  on  the  fjpeil^ 
Whence  we  collect  this  wholefomc  rule, 
«*  Tia  better  to  be  AT— v^- than  F—/. 

Aa  ODE,  ftrfitwmi  sf  the  Ca/Ne  d/ DobGii, 
M  Monday  r6#  %ib  of  Feb.  17^,  himi 
the  Day  appointid  foir  celthrating  the  Birtk" 
/>tfy  *^^«n»  Ch  Aa  I.  OT T E. 

CHORUS. 
qTRIKE,  the  fwcct  Hibernian  lyre, 
O  Every  loyal  heart  infpirc  : 
See,  they  croud  the  joycras  fccne  ! 

Annual  tribute  to  your  queen  ! 
AIR. 
Adorned  with  ev'ry  grace  rcfin'd. 

With  ev'ry  virtue  blcfs'd  f  •       * 

£fteem*d,  rever*d,  f>y  all  mankind. 

And  by  the  nrft  Circfs*d. 
A  mcin  whofc  awful  honour  fbinet,  * 

Where  fcnfe  and  fweetnefs  move  j 
And  angcl  innocence  re6nes. 

The  tcndcrncfs  of  love.  "  '' 

REGIT.  ''^' 

May  heaven  to  crown  her  Ijfc  with  joy, 
Celefiial  guardian  care  empfoV  :  '  '  - 

And  er'ry  fweetly  circling  hour,  '     '• 

Ambrofial  odours  round  her  pour. 
Bleft  monarch  I  of  fuch  charms  poflefsV^ 
Who  lives  ador*d  in  evVy  bicaft, 

AIR.  ^    * 

Great  queen  belovM,  whofe  bounteous  f)BW, 
FJowa  in  compaffion  to  mankind. 
See  her  difiufc  the  royal  aid. 
And  call  forth  merit  from  the  fhade  ;      "     ^ 
Forbid  the  ".irT>i-q"'^  h*  ,rf  i-^  Orrh^ 
And  wipe  the  tear  from'forrow'f  eye, 

REGIT, 
Peace  0*er  the  land',  extendi  her  balmy  wing^ 
And  thua  the  grateful  happy  peafanti  (ing. 

•AIR. 
From  hill  to  dale,  from  ftroveto  rerdant  fpfingi, 

Swee^ founds  refponfive,  fill  the  ambient  air. 
With  Chaxlotie'8  name  they  make  the  valfiea 

'    And  ban:fh  thence  the  family  of  care. 

c  n  o  K  xj  ^ 

In  th<s  lov'd  fertile  iflc  may  union  take  hej- 
iUnd,  (p;Unot  hind^, 

And  deil  her  fwects  around,  fromTownfhend*^ 
Wbih  Pienty*s  copious  horn,  pours  blcfiingl 
o'er  the  la.u. 
N  X  to 


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100  PofiTlCAL.  E$f  AVr  W  FjKBtUAItlF^  4^69. 

T,   Ikr/   I.I  CON  I  EA.  OPBmZ«<W 

OThou  I  wWe  kind  and  fofi'rin^lmi 
Mjr  infant  fotfonc  Uugfat  t«  ftind. 
And,  with  iti  free  4>onuneoiia  aid, 
Firft  drew  me,  from  the  dfeary  fliade. 
To  gladr<»aie  Amfltine.    Thoti^  frhoTe  light 
Pifpell'd  tlie  envious  damp  of  m|hc» 


'«  P  I  G« 


.J 


To  thee  I  oilly  lov*d  Ligonier 
O^d^a  my  grateful  voice  to  bear  } 
let  It  proclaim  the  mighty  debt, 
Which  the  great  patron  would  forget* 
At  doljig  «ood  thy  virtitet  aim. 
From  the  good  done  no  merit  claim, 
Pleat'd  with  the  deed,  and  not  the4ame. 

Thy  heart,  with  kindne(k  born  to  flow. 
Sight  for  occafioni  to  beftow 
Fair  Fortune*!  fmilei ;  of  human  kind 
The  frieadf  to  merit  Min»r-bliiidr 
Thy  maaly  breaftcaa  mek  with  grie^ 
"^hea  modeft  want  aioids  relief{ 
And  the  k>ft  4»y  ftill  cloiet  with  «  tear. 
When  no  joft  objtd  of  ^mpallion't  near, 

O  !  formed  in  cooru  to  ibine  and  pleaic» 
And  iVreet  foci^ty'a  enchanting  eafe  | 
All  the  couft*t  (dftatc  ikiU'd  t*  impart. 
Except  ita  faKchood :  Th^  good  heart 
«  Nc*er  knew  with  fheadflup't  maik  to  flay. 
With  kiOof  tab,  with  fmilet  betray. 
Foe  to  the  whifper  and  ihd  fncer, 
Thofc  poiffot  to  the  prii|cejy  ear. 
Fair  truth'  furroundi  thy  chearfol  bowly 
And  fpeaJa  the  language  of  thy  foul. 
Which  p^ft€t  in  each  warlike  art. 
That  genius  can  (o  camps  impart  j 
To  campi  a  virtue  more  can  give, 
T«i€k  hem  to  fpare^  and  bid  the  vaDquiih*d 

live  i 
Xn  mercy  9*  in  falour  to  excel. 
And  faring  homanity  with  armi  to  dwell* 

Jn  condaflf  great,  in  a£lion  brare 
O  !  b^rn  to  conquer,  or  to  iave  | 
^t  Lawfeldt  trembling  France  beheld 
Mercho  ceft  tioopa  by  thee  repeli'd. 
Her  conqueft  Aopt  in  mid  career  | 
And,  by  thy  raloor  bought  Coo  dear  i 
Could  fcarce  believe  the  field  her  own, 
U  itil  th«  dreaded  captive  ftev»n 
Secured  the  day,  and  fix*d  her  throne* 

That  witflike  hand  let  Briuin  blefa, 
Let  hor  glad  mattooa  round  it  preff^ 
Whclc  tekti'd  ioia  tbeir  faf«ty  om 
^o  thy  proteAing  arm  ^   beflow 
The  nobleft  gift,  the  civi^  crown, 
Doe  to  thy  honour *d  brow  alone, 
^hole  proweft  and  oppofiog  /bield 
$0  iong  inaipta.n'd  the  doubtful  field. 
And  undifmayM  our  fainting  war  foftaio*d. 
Inhere  fear  and  flight,    and  pale  coofuboa 
rei^n'd. 

Xhe  oaken  wreath  ftil|  nnore  to  grac^ 
On  thy  luv*d  templet  let  them  place 
The  laurdt  Hrought  (tpm  battiea  woo, 
ftdTi  Hochfted.  down  to  Dcttingen  | 
T'  getbcr  bind  thole  hinourt  faft, 
^  long  a»  t>me  iticlf  fliall  UR,  W. 


•  D^nffSf 


f  MahtmU 


YK  nafttqQiCTovftcctdflacwB, 
And  aid  im  lik«  tke  bud  of  yof^ 
HightMikoo,  forlikehitmytheae^ 
In  verle  wai  never  (ong  before. 
IjDdeql  the  ta'e  it  ofcoo  told  in  proic  f 
Since  all  the  world  the  mighty  wonder  koMM  ! 
Theme  of  Sublimity !  my  boar, 
AUhaUl  TboabetftofliighftiMira,  '* 

At  famout  at  the  horfe  of  yore. 
That  won  hit  lucky  lord  a  cro^n  •  i 
KimM  at  Mift  L«tbia*t  bir^,  in  verie  fo  foft 
Recorded,  or  the  r^bbitt  of  Moll  Toft !. 
Hall,  Pig  I  at  Tunbridge  bom  and  bred. 
Who  fingledft  out  hit  1— p  there : 
Event  that  round  the  redon  fpread. 
And  made  th^  Raping  inillloh  (hre ; 
A  Ad  flrange  it  wat  to  ice,  upon  my  word, 
A  pig  for  ever  trotting  with  my  1— d. 
The  gpntry  marvelled  at  the  fight  i 
Tbe  public  volkt,  the  rpoma  they  rung  s 
*Twat  1— d  and  pig  from  mom  to  night. 
And  pig  and  1— — p  all  day  Igng. 
soon  did  the  wond^root  tale  to  London  viag  s 
The  noblet  heard  it,  aad  they  Cold  ^t  kiag. 
Good  Lord  1  faytone,  |vbalcaathitatcaai 
And  rait*d  the  whitvt  of  both  bittyai  i 
It  bodet  fome  dire  portent  I  ween, 
(can*tce]l,  fmrt^  a  toftdcriet. 
Tiwt  did  the  world  iadaJgt  coojeAare  fifiie^ 
For  oarthquakcf  ibrnt  footesdijig,    fenfc^ 
pbgoe ! 

Botibch  the  ro«aiMr  worM,  Uiecf^w 

Of  d«ll  oaedocatcd  braiot ; 

But  mark  tk*  ophdoBt  of  the  few. 

Hear  what  the  karaed  world  maiiMat  t 

Soatcde«m*d  eke  1— d,  Se*Aathoay  iacof. 

To  earth  te-tiavaU'd  with  kit  fav*ritt hog. 

Cthert,  ia  Orieatal  Ipre 

Deep  vers'd,  that  heanf  the  peerldf  tale, 

Peclar*4,  with  judgment  iage,  the  bMr 

Did  iccrett  to  my  l^d  reveal  j 
-^      Like  thg  fam'd  dove  the  moffiilmaa^t  reveiw^ 
V     Which,  billing,  whifper'd  in  the  prophig'a  ^ 

While  feme  at  fagdy  at  the  refl. 

Who  firm  believ'd  in  Cranfmigraiioiif, 

FfoaooBc*d  tbit  friendly  grunting  beaft 

One  of  hit  1 — ^p*i  neav  rclaiioaa, 

Doom*d  by  the  Fatet,  force|t»in^ecda  di^jM. 

To  animate  the  body  of  a  (wine  !  '   ^^ 

Hail,  pighog  ?  by  lAiDCe  p<itent  aid, 
My  1— d  hit  health  ha4  and  employ  | 
My  I— y  too  wat  brought  to>  bed, 
Heav*n  bkii  it !  of  a  dropping  boy. 
Event  that  fame  fo  (bunded  with  her  horik. 
As  fcar'd  the  very  infantt  yet  unborn  \ 

Thrice  happy  hog !  with  Mrt.  T— a  }, 
Who  in  a  chariot,  cheek  by  Jole, 
Did*ft  Jehu.ltke,  from  Tunbridge  town 
To  M— t^t  enchanting  manfioat  roU } 


D. 


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PoCTlCAJb'  EssiTt  h 


Witkmmtfm 


Uflfi 


IfOttli, 


Swe  chflt  ivickMrt  or  l«e  nr  ^  wdttfey 
If  fe  kit  lo«d^p  dioailtf  it  rifht^ 
Tkif '4  ckoofe  tfccc,  fnik  iWiacy  Ibr  buffifiu 
Tk«ik  ycy  Kpfy'4  kit  kHftipi  but^odiutil 
nMfb  aflct  fie,  ^aevir  ffantcd  pip. 

TMce  hapfy  bog !  «1m>  IoT*ft  to  (aott^ 
Itecfimaf  oa  my  I— y'*  lap» 
Wlu  gives  Lby  Idi'ry  o*cr  tod  o*er» 
Wliik  ^sfn jc  pMiUijif  ukoi  hit  Dtp. 
Ddtglrtfol  tale,  that  ftnkes  aO  ftoriet  dnihky 
Fna  G  Of  the  na^tfpMMt,  \o  Tom  Tlittml»« 

EMam^0rtms  Fife 0/  TViMBN 

^rt  HRO*  wortUeft  tsbc  of  brittle  day, 

I     WHI  I  ibne  fcriooi  tlioogbti  con? ej  } 
M/aairfc  fnUty  here  I  tncct 
A  ftr(t€t  rfpcc^hvmao  ffcei 
Enbck  if  xh^  oMioaie  plaat> 
Ixedck  aO,  ^  vlueh  1  pant  ; 
With  fick^BiBg  fomei  the  air  I  chotk, 
Wkat*i  "wmUif  f^tadmr  but  a  (moak  1 
The  foek^aaag  whifi  declare  die  fbifc 
Of  tboie,  ^irho  faip  for  parting  life  j 
The  hc&p  of  daft  thac'a  left  behind, 
DiMmtbe  ftfe  of  an  mankiiid. 
^^  D.L. 

THE    CONTRAST. 

WHEN  heat Vt  rmpcria] beantict Hood 
RcreaTd  to  Peru  cjcef 
Their  charflu  is  deep  fnfpenlc  he  «iew*d« 

Sbtt  doahciog  whoie  the  ptize. 
Tbu,  lot  lA  beaoty*!  maie,  I  chce, 

NUd  LMra*B  fobcr  mictt  s 
Whca  gay  BcUada*s  (prightly  |rtc« 

Adorai  the  rival  Ibeae. 
lothroa'd  ia  Laora'a  peafite  brow 

A  Paibi  tre  furrey: 
lBBdla*«chcek  the C^pida  |M«r^ 

Tbe  iinilet  of  Veaat  play. 
Ia  aMsaen  fiave,  and  tenper  fweet» 

^!  LaonhowfefOKl 
Bach  look,  OKdi  feftme  how  difcrect  t 

How  paro  each  thoot^^t  within ! 
Lo!  Bella  cfaeaiial,  atiy,  faast, 

la  aadvo  hooMHT  fay! 
Each  telle,  Ae  cMbkfli  or  het  l^Mt» 

Bffigbt  aa  the  t*d  of  day. 
Ltora*e  reserve  aad  deceacy 

Ov  realba  hide  appeove  f  . 
Bdtada'a  ferect  vivacity 

laMrca  the  waroith  of  love. 
My  fiieadAtt  thea,  aiy  beft  efteem» 

To  Laora  1  lelca  i 
4ad  B*B,  thoo  6Hr  eocbaoliog  vhiot 

If  7  raviA'd  heah  be  thine* 

BoO,  Nov,  n. 

JlH^*d  uMCfi  f-Hiy  W-n»/Ltnsridge 
tm  $ks  CNrary  ^  Pembroke. 

AS  when  frfe  laiidod  on   the  Argyll 
ftflfOi, 

Myfty  &■  tbf  Intilc  ifle  oiplorct } 


:i 


FiBRVARrt  1768.  lOl 

With  joy  etata  ht  Tiawi  the  fraeeM  tida 
t>f  aynphf  altaadaatea  Calypib*t  rdgas 
Bat  when  the  ^aeea  htf  heav*aly  chanae  * 

difphyt, 
(Like  Sol  cclipfiag  Cyatliia*i  weaker  rayi) 
kaptv^d  her  brighCar  beautiei  he  (brveyf« 
So  my  pleu*d  ^eelirftfiiw  the  lovely  auodi, ' 
That^  fpoetive  lOve  o*«r  Cambria*e  wefteia 

fladcf)  aigh,] 

Bot  loon  u  W.   f  ■ .  a*a  aiaUhlefs  form  drew 
Each  leflcr  beauty  fideA  in  the  eye. 
She  coald  alone  engage  th*  enchanted  6ght 
And  fill  tbe  Ibol  with  wonder  and  delight* 
Cou*d  I»  dear  nymph,  in  juft  proportion  tnie 
Thy  eafy  geftvee,  and  attra^ve  grace  I 
Thy  featuret  in  their  full  perfc£tioir  dicw, 
Thofe  Itpi  of  coral,  and  tba^necfc  of  fiaow  t 
My  verfe  woo*d  then  each  am*roui  reader  fii^ 
Inflame  with  love  and  kindle  up  deiire* 

Motto. 

MY  MIND  TO  ME  A  KINGDOM  IS« 

An  old  Ballad. 

My  mtnde  to  me  a  kingdome  ii | 
Such  perfea  joy  thciein  I  finde 
As  fane  exceedf  all  earthly  Uifle, 

That  God  or  nature  hath  afligndes 
Though  much  I  want,  that  OM>ft  would  ha««^ 
Yet  KH  my  miad  forbids  to  crave* 
extent  I  live,  this  is  my  day  | 

I  ieek  DO  more  than  may  fuffice  i 
I  preflii  to  bear  no  haughtie  fway  } 

Look  What  I  lack  my  mind  fupptfek 
Loe !  thoB  I  tfhnnph  Bke  a  king, 
l^oateat  with  that  my  miad  doth  htjag^ 
1  fee  how  pleatie  farfeti  o/t. 

And  haftia  cfymbett  (oooeft  fidl  i  '^ 
I  fee  that  (uch  m  fit  aloft 

Ml/hap  doth  threaten  moft  of  alls 
Tbefe  get  with  toile,  and  keep  with  feare  a 
Such  cases  my  mind  could  never  bearo» 
No  princely  pompe,  aor  welthie  ftore,. 

No  force  to  winne  a  vi£brie. 
No  wjfUc  wit  to  falve  a  (ore. 

No  fi^ape  to  winne  a  lover *s  ^e  | 
To  Doae  of  thefe  I  yeeld  as  thrall. 
For  why,  my  mind  difpifeth  all. 
Some  have  too  much,  yet  ftill  they  cnve> 

I  littls  have,  yet  feek  no  more : 
They  are  but  poore,  tho*  much  they  have| 

And  1  am  rich  with  little  (lore  3 
They  poor,  I  rich  ;  they  beg,  1  give  { 
They  lacke,  I  lend  {  they  pine,  I  give. 
I  laugh  not  at  anothert  lofle, 

I  grudge  not  at  aootheis  gaioe  { 
No  woddly  wave  my  mind  can  tofie, 

I  brooke  that  is  another's  bane  : 
I  feare  ao  foe,  nor  fawne  on  friend  % 
I  loth  not  Kfe»  nor  dread  mine  end* 
My  weith  is  health,  and  perfcd  caic  1 

My  coafcience  clcre  my  chicfe  defcaoeft 
I  never  (eeke  by  brybes  topleafe. 

Nor  by  defcrt  to  give  offence  t 
Thus  do  I  live,  thus  will  I  die  | 
Would  aU did ib as  well  ail! 

WINI- 


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loi  A    N    E    C 

WIKIFREDA. 

AWAYj  Itt  ncKight  to  fwe  difpleafing. 
My  Winifredp,  mpire  vour  circ ;  ^ 

I«et  ndught  delajr  the  heavenly  bleffin^ 

Nor  fqocimifli  jridtf,  nor  gloomy  fcair.     ^ 
What  th(?'  60  graiitt  0/ foyal  donors 

With  pitnipotA  iit^  %rttt  odt  Wood  ? 
We*n  (hijie.  io  more  fybflantitl  honort, 

And  tb  h^  noble  ^*'ff^  good. 
Our  najcae,  while  vlrfje  thijis  we  tender, 

Wii!  fwcctly  fobnd  ^here  e*cr  'tU  fpoke : 
And  at]  the  great  ota;  thtf  miti  #on(ier 

Ho#  they  rcipea  f&ch  liRle  folk. 
What  thoi/gh  (ritm  fytthtttU  lavifh  bounty   . 

NTo  mi  Aty  tt-cafurcB  we  poflcft, 
"^tU  fihd  ^iritfiin  our  phtiSi^e  plenty* 
'    And  be  concent  without  ex ceft^  \ 

Still  /h;fll  eadh  retunriiti;  feifoii  •'■ 

•  Soffident  for  our  wiihes  give  | 
For  we  viH  lire  a  Ufe  of  re|tiBn» 
■  'And  thaVt  the  only  li^e  to  H?e. 
Through  /ouih  and  aje  ia  lote'cxcelliogy 

We'll  hand  in  hand  together  tread  |. 
Sweet  ffhiling  peace  (bah  crown  our  dweniogi 

And  b'aVet;  fweet-fmiHng  bahci,  our  bed. 
How  (hoold  riove  the  pretty  creaturei, 

Wiiilc  round  piy  kncci  they  fondly  clang  j 
td  fee  (hem  look  their  mother's  feitureiy  . 

To  hea^  them  lifp  their  mother'i  tongup.  ^ 
A  nd  whep  wtta  envy  time  trahfpor|eda  , 

Shall  thjnk  to  rob  ui  of  oor  joyi> 
You'll  injybur girls  agam  be  couVtedj 

And'lHcrslD  wooing,  in  my  boyt*  • 

A  ^    £   ic    O    O    T    E. 

JT  hai  been  mentioned  in  the  f«veral 
p^et^i  lately,  tHit  **  it  was  obferva^ley. 
arthc  rebuilding  of  Workfop  manor  houfe^ 
a  feat  belonging  to  the  Uuke  of  Norfolk,  dii 
not  no\^go  en  with  that  alacrity  aff  it  did  be- 
fore a  late  mfclanchoiy' event"— meaning,  na 
dottbr,  the  affefling  circumflance  of  the 
death  of  tlie'  late  Wr.  Howard,  his  (jr^ce'a 
nephew  and* heir;  who  was,  perhaj^f.  one 
of  the  moft  amiable  young  nien  of'  fafluon  ia 
the  world,  and  confe^uently  hit  lofs  not  i' 
private  but  a  public  lofs.  This  obferTatton, 
#tf  the  rebunding  of  Workfop  Manor,  put! 
ut  in  mind  of  an  anecdote  never  madf« 
l^ublic  bet'oTf,  which  throws  fhi  flrong«ft. 
iyftre  on  the  fliining  charafter  o/'the  prefeafc 
soble  duke.  When  that  ma^nilficent  houfe,^ 
and  its  no  leCs  fumptuous  furniture,  valued^t 
more  than  io6,oooI.  Were  accidentally 
burnt  and  deAroyed  (Tome  five  or  (ix  Vear^ 
fince)  his  grace  and  family  w^ere  all  at  Bath. 
The  meflenger  who  came  exprcfa  with  tne 
fatal  news,  arrived  about  noon,  when  ^he 
duk^  vv^s  at  home,  and  the  duchcfs  aWoad 
on  a  morning^  vi fit.  The  man  difcTo/ed  the 
fliitfortune  fifft  to  an  upper  fervant,  and'hc, 
was  fo   muah' affeAcd  with  if  himUlf.-that 


DOTE. 


Fel 


he  had  not  the  eoonfSt  flO  fcqudiit  hi*  mal 
ter  with  it*  It  wat  thdft  agreed  npoa,  thi 
the  propereft  perfon  to  tnabtmcc  thm  acd 
dent  to, (he  duke,  would  be  the  auui  wlai 
broQght  the  newf*  and  who  had  been  a  me 

Uhcholyefe-witaelflofthedeftnidivel . 

Hta  Craee  w^  then  {nformed,  that  focfa  _ 
one  (nemiag  him)  had  ooihe  from  WorkTop 
Manor,  00  urgent  bofiqeft,  and  defired  to  de- 
liver hit  xrieli&ge  perfonaUy ;  He  wet  ordered 
aps  hifface,oo  entering,    wai  the  pi^un 
that  Shak^fpear   dcfcribei  ij;i  Richard   the 
Third  :  «  E'en  fuch  a  man,  fo  dead  in  lookj 
fb  woe  hefsone  (t.  e.  io  far  g6ne  ia  ibrrow] 
drei^  Pfiam^tf  curfain  in  the  dead  of  Dtghr, 
and  told  hitil  half  hia  Troy  waaburnt.*^   The 
duke  received  the  newt  w|th  a  calna^  mod 
a  fortitude,*  that  would  bafile  all  this  &rce  of 
la^bguage  to  Ac^refs.    Hli  only  |iorda  wttcj 
**  Ood'a  will  bjB  done  !   no  i^atter,  we  mud 
build  it  up  again."    The  man  waa  aiked^ 
to  whom  ke  had  to^jt  fince  hip  acrir^l  ^ 
and    th<)^    wl^o    Iumw    it:  were]    ftriA^ 
^harged^  oa  no  aecount  whatever,  to  nei^ 
tion  ic^  to    any  one.    Nit  Grace  waa  tHaC 
day  to  give  a  Tcry  fuptf  b  public  eatcrtnnlneBC  | 
to  the  principal  nobiij'ty  and  geo^iy  them  alt 
Bath,  and^  recced  thed^cheft  on  hts  re« 
tuyi),  and  afterwards  eateiuiaed  the  odrnpa-T 
ny  wi^h  a^  l^ia  fi|on^  choar^Uneft  aift(|open- 
neft  of  heart}  infomuch  that  it  was  ina^fli- 
hie  todffcove^  that  even  the  ffi|hteft  muMrS 
tone  had  happied^  Co  hiM.     Thai  fvei^Q^ 
or  the  nest  ttomiilg  {^t  ire  fibt  ftkre  a^hleh) 
the  duke  toojt  occa6oh  to  blFeak  the  afifii^  to 
the  ducheft,  by^  degrees,  and  in  foch  in  Ule- 
▼iating  manner,  at  to  V^  Uttle  afteA  ller 
grace,  com^^r^vely  conBd^fed  with  anj^lef^ 
cautious  method  of  dildbftng  it.      It  -^^^ 
however,  folUe  tlmir  before  it  wat  detennfnetf- 
on  to  rebuild  Workfop- Mafi or ;  zki  it  #as 
thought  at  left  to  be  refolv^d  updn  by  thtlr 
graces,  more  from  the  hvcfiane  refte^on  of 
the  nuMbertbfpoOf'^ebp'e,  neighboari  dnd 
dependants,  who  wooM  drherwrfe  be  AifV^. 
era,  than  from  any  other  motive. 

r»  tbi  PnJktW  cf  the  Public  Adyfiti4r« ; 
O  Nati  t  rtfemti  in  mtav  n  n$vl  JUcti^'^ 
0  quid^isgki  fifiittr  ecafa  Poctaol^ ! 
SIR,  Portfrtcooth,  Feb.  ii.  *7W. 

AFTER  an  tlraoft  tot*^  ftagnation  of 
BufineCi  for  'a  eonfiderable  Time,  we 
have  at  laft  had  the  pl^fbre  Xitt^'fiwtethS^^ 
fiirring  at  thi|'^lace.  Mere  iri  a  iprta^t 
number  of'  (hi^  esme^in,  and  kn  ^^jfOn 
will  be  anxious  to  know  the  pirtic^hu^  I 
have  thbrefore  drawn  up  the  be((  iht«li^Ottf 
I  could  procure,*  an^ '  wrffi  to  feb  It  idfe^ed 
in  the  Public  Advertifer  ;  for  f  ath  fnformfed 
that  it  tka  page^^ -wjiich-peopk  of -M^jjan 
take  Ih,  and  I  hav^'b^^sn,  alwiys  ^tc^^uicltaror' 
appearing  in  the  bed  tompanies. 
^'  I  am,  fir,' your  very  hufnbfejfc^ant,  ^ 
Oflc 


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17^-  Sb^  News  Exirporiintfry. 

JiOP     NE9B    EXmAORDINARV. 

POATSMOVTH.  JaNPASY  I0« 
u» *_j    ^?_  -     - 


I0| 


The  wtod  c^atiooes  aor/^cr^  and  Uowt 
ftd^  X^KMAiMi  a(  Sfiihtad  tht  Gr0ft99p 
vitk  hif  jnajeftj**  ibipa  at  per,  laft* 
1^  Grmffm  \%  a  fipf  new  threc-ilccker» 
STMaa  remarkably  veU^  and  ctirict.  ber 
p«ta  bactcr  than  any  Ibip  in  the  hing*t  (er- 
iMe  }  fn4  yet  ibe  iooka  at  fnog  in  the  water 
■  a  FrigatCy  owing  to  her  being  painted 
of  a  dark  cokor,  and  .not  loaded^  like  many 
ochos,  with  gilding  and  carved  work*  Aa 
t>  her  ranx*  i^  ^^  ob^errcd  tnh«r  laft  cnilfe» 
that  Ci  fir  •mt'tailid  aU  the  reft  of  tho 
fieet.  ^  ^ 

The  carpcnterfff  who  were  ordered  to 
fervcy  the  Chsibam^  have  repotted  her  '<  un« 
fit  Smt  /crvice  )** — however,  fte  fiill  continoci 
in  csQUDiffioo ;  aotwithftanding  which* 
kii  £ud,  chatthe  AoMiAAL'aflag  willhe 
p^iad  fx^>m  her  to  the  Grafton. 

Tho  Chatham  waa  formerly  redcened  a 
prrwc  fask>r,  woiked  wcl),  and  was  fo  ex* 
ceediag  aTirr*  ^at  (he  could  carry  more 
6fl  thui  ony  ihip  in  the  navy.  Bot  having 
been  rmfid  (at  the  r^qneft  of  her  captain  when 
Ae  came  kft  into  dock)  ftc  4u  foond  on 
kcr  AGtt  cmiie  to  be  extremely  top-heavy, 
aod  kcr  timbers  in  much  wrong  by  the 
«agkt  of  her  npper  workt>  at  to  render  her 
akegechcr  cxasy.— It  it  furpriSngi,  that 
thefe  who  have  the  coDdi»ft  of  oor  naval 
iMun  Aould  have  fallen  into  the  above  mif- 
take,  aa  it  haa  been  frequently  obfervtd,  that 
fmf^  oi  ihipf  has  rendered  nmfimficeabU 
■aoy  a  food  bottom !— *The  raifing  of  the 
Hlmtf  in  the  Uft  teif  a  is  a  memarahlt  in* 
iaoceofthe  troth  of  this  obfervation* 

The  Bm^  ToriJbirtmMm,  Rockingham, 
«kb  a  Urge  convoy,  was  lately  feen  in  the 
OrrtwCy  oa  which  ^.fiki  pot  off  to  bring 
her  io$  h«t  all  of  a  fodden  (he  hauled  her 
wild,  aad  ftood  oot  to  lea.  At  prefent  ihe 
iifwirvoat  •fjfbip  with  her  whole  convoy. 
Jan.  17.  AaaivsD  nnder  convoy  of  the 
MiJfmd  and  after  fieveral  trip$  got  fafe  bto 
hatbewr,  the  Weymouth,  the  Trentham,  the 
Sandwich,  and  ioverai  others  but  cannot  get 
their  UMmt*  this  poft.  They  had  been  loni 
inc,  oad  were  sa  want  of  all  kind  of  re/refh- 
aenta,  having  been  •tjbsri  siJowMmct  for  a 
caoiderablo  time.  N.  B.  Only  the  capi- 
tal flripa  of  the  BeJfw^i  Convoy  are  come 
iit»/wr.  the  fmsUtrsft  having  been  left  to 
ftift  for  thcoifelves. 

The  above  fqnadtoo  past  to  comfant 
oith  the  Ctmh  Sbt^berd  in  a  hard  gale 
«f  wind  (off  the  «oaft  of  North  Ameiica) 
by  the  viokoce  of  which  (he  had  loft  t>l  her 
aaftsy  sod  was  water  logged.  The  eonterned 
we  eatremcly  anxious  for  the  fate  of  the 
Gcwle  Shepherd,  as  it  Is  (uppofed  ftie  is 
viceked  ow  the  above  coaft; 

la  the  bte  florm,  the  Sh^urnt  being 
iida&gwofiounderiAg,  wu  0  Miged  to  hear c 


overboard  the  frMfff  fK^zioShtt  oufo^  in 
order  to  ikve  the  rei^ain|ier« 

A  great  nomber  of  oor  ihips  having  beoi 
Iftelj  caft  ^way  on  the  cosft  of  North  Amo-* 
nca,  where  there  are  many  roeh  tod/t$ali 
not  fuffidcntly  known  even  to  our  m^l  «r». 
ptriiMod  pikth  the  HilKhprough  has  been 
completely  6ttod  with  all  oeceffaries  for 
uking  a  new  and  accurate  forvey  of  that 
whole  coal^^-^It  is  now  expefied  th«t  light* 
hottfes  will  be  eroded,  and  the  harboor* 
tUar$d  and  ^penedy  in  order  to  prcnent  the  1 
l^ke  accidents  for  the/y/nr#* 

Arrived  Utely  the  Claris  loaded  with  Iri(h 
beef— .The  arrival  of  this,  ond  fevsral  othcr- 
vefTcls  from  the  iame  quarter,  has  beeo  the 
means  of  lowering  the  markets,. nud  fully 
proved  the  expediency  of  the  a^  lisr  per* 
mjtting  the  free  importation  of  piovihoni 
from  Ireland. 

It  has  been  remarked  of  late,  that  a  geol 
many  ihips  bomrufsrd  hound  have  performed 
their  voyages  quicker  by  comiqg  dirtctlf 
tliro!^  the  la  tax  tbatutel,  ioftead  of  go. 
log  MOa  T  H  shomt  as  formerly. 

Jan.  i9.  Yefterday  ther^  was  a  grand  en- 
tertainment givep  on  board  the  C^wwaf,  in  ho- 
nour of  the  birth-day  of  Mrs.  Ali^wob  tnt* 
LadyofG^oxcx  Aliwoxxh  x,  Hfq}  the 
frindpal  owoer.^On  thii  occadon  .the  com« 
menders  of  all  Xh^  foreign  vedels  were  invited  ) 
t^e  (hips  in  the  harbour  koifte^  their  colours,- 
guns  were  fired,  and  the  evening  concluded 
with  every  other  detnon(bition  elf  joy. 

It  u  now  faid  the  Conway  vrill  hie  por- 
chafed  from  the  merchants,  and  fitted  out 
again  as  a  man  of  mr. 

We  hearths  Jolfjr  Topei^  ttigby,  is  nnder 
(ailing  orders  for  the  coaft  of  Ireland,  being 
appointed  to  relieve  capuin  Ofwmid^  an 
experienced  officer,  who  (on  account  of  hit 
ill  ftaie  of  health)  it  is  faid  will  quit  tho 
fervice,  much  regretted  by  all  true  f«*amen.' 

Other  advices  fay  the  Lively^  Captaia 
Ttmmjbaid  is  deftined  for  the  Jrifli  ftation. 

It  is  thought  the  Btdfurd  will  mt  be  put 
in  commiflion  again  but  will  he  brought^ 
into  the  harbour  and  employed  ntnJhttr'bnOt*^ 

We  exped  foon  to  fee  a  hint  pennant  hoift* 
ed  on  board  the  Marlborough. 

The  Prince  Frederick,  *tbynne,  iapnt  into 
Kini  Road  X»  refit. 

We  hear  the  captain  of  the  Conway  haa 
generoufly  refufcd  his  wages  for  the  laft 
half  year,  and  that  the  money  will  be  equally 
divided  among  the  j^^-s^crt,— Although 
there  ate  many  officers  in  oor  fervite  poffe^ 
of  opulent  fortuoes,and  who  certainly  do  not 
ftand  In  need  <if' the  cmolomentt  of  their  com* 
miffidns,  yet  how  very  rare  are  fiich  inftances  oi 
difintereitednefi !  indeed  we  do  not  at  prefent 
DecoHcft  but  one  example  more,  vis.  thatvof 
Captain  Str^ge  who  haa  commanded  tho 
Lnmeafter  for  fevcsal  years,  and  never  would 
recfive'ooetanhiiii  of  pay. 

The 


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104 

'  T^Kortkiogloty  bttflgmueh  worm-etteii 
2n  her  bottom*  !•  rA|o  orr»  and  it  it 
thought  will  be  broke  np.— Notwithilaiidiiig 
the  crew  received  their  whok  wiget* 
a  large  ^0(f  wmtyt  yet  it  wn  ob« 


Emption  of  VcfuviusJ 


Feb: 


I  hod  oidy  a  pcifttt  of  die  mowitlio  with 

HMy  and  wai  aakipg  my  reoMrkt,  when  «a 

a  fodden  aboot  mid-day  the  great  eniptioia 

hjMeoed  about  a  qoarter  of  a  mile  from  mcs 

,         ^ .  ,  at  nrft  it  wit  ooly  like  a  fomitain  of  li^ttitf 

ferred  that  they  eoMf  f#ia  ytn  bad  homoort    fire  which  fpning  op  ftiany  feet  in  tl^  atr» 

^^»   r-.^.:.^  ki.iS;:^»k^.  — -  __i»  :«    then  a  ttirreot  burft  out  with  a  om^bomd 

aoifii  and  came  towardt  ut.  I  took  off  vy 
coat  to  iighteii  myfelf  aod  gave  it  to  the 
peafanty  s^nd  we  thought  proper  to  run  tbiec 
milea  without  ftoppiog.  By  tfaii  time  the 
noire  had  greatly  encrealed  and  the  affliee 
caufed  alit^oft  a  total  darkneTa,  and  at  tM 
earth  dH>ok  I  thought  proper  to  retire  ftill 
further*  and  upon  returning  home  I  per- 
ceived  another  lava  towards  the  Tone  del 
Annonciata,  which  in  left  than  tw<»  hours 
flowed  four  mi  let.  Our  Yilla  (hook  fo  moch 
and  the  fmell  of  fulpber  was  fo  ftrong,  that 
1  thought  proper  to  return  to  Naples,  aod  in* 
deed  the  fright  of  the  family  was  (b  greet 
that  it  wasimpoifible  to  remain  at  the  YilU. 
The  king's  palace,  though  not  To  near  tlM. 
nouotain  as  our  villa*  is  ftill  within  reach  of 
the  lavas,  there  being  no  left  thin  fcven*  one 
upon  another  under  the  palace.  I  thought 
it  right  to  acquaint  the  court  of  the  impend 
tog  danger,  and  advifed  the  Marquis  Tanocci 
to  perfnade  his  Sicilian  majefty  to  remove  to 
Naples  direaiy,  but  for  what  reifoo  I  koosr 
not*  my  advice  was  not  followed ;  and  the 
cooftquence  was*  the  lava  coming  within  a 
mile  and  a  half  of  the  palace*  and  the 
thunder  of  the  mountain  encrttiinf,  the 
whole  court  wu  obliged  (o  remove  in  the 
middle  of  the  fime  night  in  the  otmeft 
coofufion.  The  ezplo6ons  of  the  volcaiio 
occafioned  fo  violent  a  concuflion  of  the  air^ 
that  the  door  of  the  king's  room  at  Portici 
was  burft  open,  and  one  door  in  the  palmce 
though  locked  was  forced  open  {  and  whet  as 
more  wonderful  the  like  happened  in  saanjr 
paru  of  Naples  iticK,  The  mountain  for 
thrte  days  made  thii  nolle  by  fits*  which 
lafled  five  or  fix  hours  each  time,  and  then 
was  perfectly  quiet  i  We  did  not  fee  the  fest 
clear  aimoft  the  whole  week*  and  the  alhes 
fell  in  qoantitiet  at  Naplet  fo  as  to  ooecr 
the  hoofes  and  ftreets  an  inch  deep  or  moec 
Tis  really  wonderful  to  think  of  the  qunn- 
ti^  of  matter  that  came  oot  of  the  mowja- 
toin  in  ib  (hott  a  time*  for  on  Thnrlday  the 
bvaa  ceafed  running*  and  if  I  had  not  exo- 
mined  them  myielf  fioce*  I  could  oot  haoo 
believed  it :  Fiom  the  place  where  I  few  the 
mountain  busft  to  the  point  where  the  lore 
ftopped  near  Portici,  is  to  be  fuse  feven  nilet^ 
and  five  milea  of  this  it  travelled  in  tm^ 
hours*  the  very  road  I  came  down,  notwath- 
ftandiog  whkh  in  fooe  placca  the  torrent  ie 
two  miles  broad  and  <hc  lava  forty  fcitt  high  s. 
It  took  its  couiGb  through  an  immtnfe  water 
channel  that  is  about  fbux-hundred  f«oc 
deep,  and  a€laally  filled  it  up  in  foaie 
Stones  of  a  aoft  faermoos  fiae  were, 
thrown 


curfiog,  fwearing*  Uafttng  their  eyes.— It  it 
pity  that  no  eflSsteal  method  has  yet  been 
uncovered  to  check  the  growth  of  ft^fane 
fwtartMgf  which  prsvailt  but  too  mnch  in 
eur  flcMi  and  armies*  to  the  great  reproach 
sf  our  oatioBal  charaOer  among  foreigners ! 

Jt  is  confidently  reported  that  the  Sarnhmtk, 
m  three-decker*  and  formerly  reckoned  a 
Aoot  line-of- battle  Aip*  will  l>e  cat  drnxm, 
and  converted  into  a  Packet  Boat. 

Feb.  ft.  This  morning  three  'revenue 
officers  were  fent  on  botfd  the  Chatham, 
This  hat  occafioned  much  fpeculation,  as  her 
captain  has  never  been  accufed  of  /mtigg/tng, 
CKcept  in  ooe  infiance  during  the  laft  wsr* 
when  he  canied  (bme  men  tiawiefiintfy  over 
toEmbdeo*  although  he  had  clxar*d  oot 
for  North  America.— However  that  may  be* 
vre  are  aflbred  from  good  authority,  that  the 
sbovementioned  officers  are  ordered  to  remain 
on  board  the  Chatham  for  &t  weeks*  aod 
that  nothing  wi|l  be  fuffered  to  be  taken  out, 
without  an    oidar  from  them  /gntd  and 

jl  Gntlemoftof  Ipfwich  hMfawuni  ui  with 
tbifilkwmg  Actouta  of  tbt  grtst  Eruption  of 
Mount  Vefuvius*  ib«  i^b  of  OAober* 
X767*  in  «  Lattt  from  tbt  Hom,  William 
Hamilton*  Emvof  Extraordinary  and  Mi' 
mptr  Fttnipottntian  of  bit  Britanoick  Ma* 
jtfyt  to  tbt  Ksagoftbt  Two  Sicilies.  (Set 
p.  iS.) 

AS  I  have  nothing  material  to  trouble 
you  with  at  pre&nt*  I  will  endeavour 
to  give  you  a  fhort  and  exad  account  of  the 
eruption,  which  is  allowed  to  have  been  the 
Boft  violent*  though  of  ihort  duration,  in 
the  memory  of  man.  ]  had  foretold  this 
eruption  fome  time*  having  had  opportuni* 
tiet  from  my  villa  to  watch  its  motions  more 
minutely  than  any  one  here,  and  thofe 
threata  ehioh  you  read  in  the  papers,  were 
cztrafis  from  my  letters  to  Lord  Shelbume. 
The  19th  at  feven  in  the  morning*  I  faw  an 
enufual  fmoak  ifToe  with  great  violence  from 
the  mouth  of  the  Volcano,  and  form  the 
fhape  of  a  pine  tree,  as  Pliny  defcribed  before 
the  eruption  in  which  his  undo  perifiied  |  by 
which  I  knew  the  eruption  to  be  at  hand* 
and  in  fad  before  eight  I  law  the  mountaie 
open  and  the  lava  ruu  from  the  crack,  near 
the  top  of  the  volcano)  but  at  it  took  it*t 
courfe  on  the  fide  oppofite  our  viU;>*  I  had 
the  curiofity  to  <go  round  and  take  a  nearer 
inew  of  it  I  At  it  requires  time  and  fatigue 
to  go  up,  I  did  not  come  in  fight  of  the  lava 
which  was  running  in  two  ftreamt  down 
the  fide  of  the  mountain*  till  ekvi^  e*elidi» 


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105 


tbfwa  up  from  th«   id<hiA   of  the  volcano 
lctraiDtkbi|by    I  belleire,    jLod  fell  at  Icaft 
UfiBikfram  it  ;  la  fhorr,  it  is  impofiible 
k  kknU  (6  (iorious    and    borrid  a  fceoe^ 
fit  »hilfi  this  was    going    on»     Naples   was 
csvdd  »ith  procefijoosy     womea  with  their 
Wr  loftfc  and  bare  feet,     full  of  every  fuper- 
liiac.— The  phfooers    killed    their  gaoler 
nd  attempted  to  break  out.      The  cardinal 
■tii-bilhop'tgate  was    burnt  do^n,  becaufe 
k  votttd  QDt  bring    oot   Sc  Januariuty   and 
when  he  vu  btought    out    on  Thurfday,   a 
a&iofu  iocredible  fiumber  of  people  load- 
ed the  (lint  i^ith   abufe    for    fufTering  the 
■ovatalo  to  frighten  thexn  Xb  ^  their  expref- 
iioiii  were— You    axe  a   pretty  faint  prott£tor 
iafieed!    yoo  yellow    faced    fellow  !  (for  the 
ftto  in  which   the   falbt**  bead  is  iacafed 
a  rerj  mo&h  tarniihed^    and  when  the  ooife 
«f  the  mououio  ccafed,  tbey  fell  upon  their 
faces  attd  thanked  hitn  for  the  miracle,  and 
fctiToed  to  the  cathedral  linglog  hia  praifes 
aad  te&iag  him    how    handfome    he  was« 
Ok  Biaa*!  fahh  in  the  faiot  ^at  fo  great, 
tb«  at  the  head  of  the  pt^effioA  when  he 
came  in  fight  of  the  mountain  he  tomed  up 
hh  bare  b—  to  it,    and  laid  now  kifs  i^ 
Ut  here  comes  Genarielfo.     I  am  forry  to 
isy  that  ail  this  is   a^loallj  tme :    Nay,  it 
wooid  ill  many  iheeu  was  I  to  tell  yoo  half 
what  1   law  laft  week  of  this  fort.     The 
aocRtaio  is  now  qnite  calm,    and  I  believe 
Isr  the  pte^Qt  there  it  an  end  of  this  erup* 
tin,    but  I  do  not  beHeTe  all  the  matter  is* 
ytt  consc  »3t.     I   am  very  glad  fo  much  is 
CROC  ou%    and  that  Genarieilo  did  not  ftop 
U  (ooticr,  for  if  he  had,  we  fhould  ftsrely  have 
ted  an    earth^^ake     and   been    demolilbed. 
Tbis  laft  crapcion  has  felly  fatisfied  my  cu- 
»o6tf,   and  I  (hould  beat  well  fatlsfied  if  the 
moant^tx  was  one  hundied  zn:les  from  this 
CifstaL 


Tht  ftUavnng  Paper  bet  Itin  pwlfhhf  bandiS 
mat  tm  a  certain  County, 

London,  Jan.  to,  I76?« 

VV    have  thought  proper  to  grant  unto 

■    ■'     I  ■  a  leafc  of  the  C— 

fuppofed  ioterefl  iii  the  foreft  of  — — , 
in  the  county  of———,  and  the  ma- 
nor of  foccageof  the  1  «  ■  ■, 
with    the    re(^e€Bve    apparteoancet:   And 

whereas  the  (aid         «     .     1  haa 

given  notice  and  warning  to  all  tenant!  of* 
and  refiants  «rithid  the  faid  foreft  and  manor, 
and  to  all  farmers  and  occupiers  of  any  lands  ' 
and  tenements,  parcel  of  the  faid  pofl*eflloniy 
that  they  do  not  pay  any  rents  or  fines  to 
any  perfoo  or  perfons  whatfoever.  Hot  legally 
authorifed  to  receive  the  fame  by  him  }  or  do 
or  perform  say  futr,    cuftom,    or  fervjce,   at 
any  court,  held  othcrwi fc  than  b^  virtue  of, 
and  under  the  authority  of  the  faid  leafe,    at  ^ 
they  will  anfwer  the  contrary  at  their  own  ' 
peril,  and  make  themfelves  liable  to  pay  the 
fame  over  again.** 

I  therefore  thiik  it  necefTary  to  inform  all 
fuch  tenanti,  and  other  perfoni  above-^ 
mentioned,  that  I  do  not  ac^utefce  under 
fuch  leafe,  or  relinquifh  my  right  to,  and 
pAffefnoa  of,  the  foreft,  manor,  or  lands, 
above*defcribed  ;  and  I  further  think  it  my 
doty,  as  their  friend,  to  rtiftind  them,  that 
my  claim  is  founded  en  a  grant  made  in  the 
Isft  century-«-to  my  great  ^aindfather,  and 
his  heirs  for  ever,  ttM  confirmed  by  an  un- 
interrupted poiTelBon  of  more  than  fixtyyear8| 
and  therefore  I  advife  them  to  pay  no  re- 
gard to  the  fai^  notice,  and  aftore  then, 
that  in  consequence  of  Acir  fo  doing,  rei-. 
ther  their  perfons  nor  propcrfics  can,  ot  fh-Jl 
be  affe^Hd ;  as  I  am  dererqatned  to  dcf«n4.' 
their  rights,  and  my  oyrn. 

Signed,  ■  '■. 


IMPARTIAL  REVIEWED  NEW  P  UBLIQ.ATI  O  NS. 


ARTICLE  I. 
^HK  BsttL  of  tbt  Jf^tp.  An  additional 
Cmmto  t»  Dr,  Csrth'i  F»fm  of  the  Difpai* 
farf.  Ote^Jumtd  by  tbt  Difputes  befween  tbt 
foMwoB*  mmd  Lieamatct  «/*  the  CtJJegt  o/PbyJi^ 
m^MM  fm  Londoc.  Bf  Bonnell  Thornton, 
AC  S»  4r».  sj.    Baldwin. 

Mr.  Thornton's  reputation,  as  a  writer, 
Ittt  been  losg  known,  and  it  cannot  be  fup* 
po£efl»  that  any  production  from  fo  emioent 
*  ^aod  wiil  be  without  conHderable  merit— 
Tk«  pvr£enc  performance  is  a  good-natured 
fnw^iia  with  the  grodeiBen  of  the  faculty, 
lA  c^iicqueice  of  their  late  dilfcntions  }  but 
«a  are  fearrol,  that  the  poUtenefs  with 
vkach  i:  ia  written  will  prevent  it  from  being 
niwrialiy  relived  by  the  publick— The 
wrid  Si  Araogely  fond  of  perfonality,  and 
6««wcatiy  looks  opoo  acrimonr  as  abilitici-^ 


itieo  of  feflfe  and  beneTofeoce  howeves  wait 
always  fcorn  to  gratify  ihc  depravity  of  ge- 
neral tafte,  from  a  joft  confideration,.  tiiaC 
next  to  the  approbation  of  a  vrife  man,  the 
greater  mark  of  applaufe,  is  the  cenfure  ot  m 
fool. 

IK  Ftrnty,  an  ZpiftU  to  Motpmr  dt  VoU 
taire.  By  George  Keate,  E[^\  410.  Dodlley^r 

This  gentleman  is  the  well  known  anthor 
of  feveral  ingenious  produ^ont,  and  the  pre- 
f<rnt  performance  is  a  very  handfome  com«> 
pliment  to  the  great  writer  to  whom  it  is  ad- 
dreffcd. 

111.  MiJctUavemi  Poant  torrttea  by  a  Lady* 
^ifigbfjirfi  Attimptf  3  Wr.  ixmo.   Dodflcy* 

We  hope  this  hdy,  if  ihe  is  independent 
in  her  circumftancei,  wiU  let  her  firft  attempt 
be  her  faft,  /©r  the  credit  •/  bar  cton  good 
Jenfet  atid  tbt  rcfoifition  of  b:r/ui>f(rilth,^in 


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to6 

tbh  rveri,  though  it  appeani  under  tlie  title 
pf  MdtfceUaneck  Pomi,  there  It  but  ohe  volume 
of  poemi>  if  t^e  liuei  wiiich  are  there  firung  , 
to|ether  dtferv^  the  appellation  of  poema— 
The  other  two  volumes  are  a  kind  of  Novel, 
which  we  fancy  few  will  ever  honour  with 
a  ^crufal>  uoiVf*  it  be  thofe  whofe  province  it 
ii  to  read  for  the  general  information  of  the 
public. 

^V.  Bribery  and  Corruption  or  tht  youfmy 
to  London,  aliaSy  the  Oxonians  is  Town,  at 
''M^dmill  Col/ege  ajfmbltd,  410,  pr.  it* 
WiUiami. 

^hii  is  a  poof  attempt  to  glean  a  few 
ihniings,  by  the  difgrace  which  has  lately 
befallen  a  certain  country  corporation 

V,  Hijiorit  Dcuitt  on  the  Life  and  Rtign  of 
Kin£  Richard  the  Third*  By  Mr^  Horace 
Walpole,  I  vol.  4to.     DodlQey. 

There  is  fcarceJy  a  charaAer  in  hiftory 
wpich  has  been  more  afperfed  than  Richard 
the  third. — As  Mr.  Walpole  juflly  obfcrvet, 
**  there  is  a  kind  of  literary  fuperltition  ^ 
wfiich  men  are  apt  to  contra^  from  habit, 
and  which  makes  them  look  on  any  at- 
tepipt  towards  .(baking  their  belief  in  any 
cftabliihed  cbuaSefs,  no  matter  whether 
good  or  bad,  as  a  fort  cf  propha:iation*'— This, 
in  ail  probability,,  prevented  many  induf- 
trious  writers  frooLentring  into  thofe  obfcure 
periods  of  hiHory  vvhich  Mr.  Walpole  haa 
undertaken  to  elucidate,  and  we  may  alfo 
imagine  that  many  others  were  deurred  from 
the  talk,  by  a  fuppofiti^oA  that  they  would 
be  confidered  as  advocates  for  oppre^on  and 
blood,  ^  if  they  endeavoured  to  advance  any 
thing  in,  favour  of  a  prince  who  had  been  fo 
long  held  up  to  the  world  as  an  obje^  of 
Hniverfal  deteflatioo. 

"  The  fuppofed  crimes  of  Richard  thfi, 
Third/*  fays  Mr.  Walpole  are. 

*<  xft.  His  murder  of  Edward  prince  of 
Wales,  foa  of  Henry  the  Sixth. 

sd.  His  murder  of  Henry  the  Sixth. 

$d.  The  nur4e»  of  4iis  brother  George 
duke  of  Clarence. 

4th«  The  exeeotioo  ef  RiTert,  Gray,  nnd 
Vaogfaan. 

ftb..  The  exeeutioa  of  Lord  Haftings. 
.  6th.  The  murder  of  Edward  the  Fifth 
^d  hit  brother., 

7th,  The  murder  of  his  own  ^neen. 
^  To  which  maybe  added,  artheyare  thrown 
into  the  lift  to  blacken  him,  his  intended 
match  with  his  own  niece  Elisabeth,  the 
penance  of  Jane  Shore  nnd  his  own  perfonal 
deformities* 

•  •  ift.  Of  the  murder  of  Edward,  ptbce  of 
Wales,  ibn  of  Her.ry  the  Sixth. 
.  Edward  the  Fonrth  had  indubitably  the 
keraditary. right  to  the  crown;  which  he 
purfucd  with  fingular  bravery  and  addrefs,  and 
with  all  the  arcs  of  a  politician,  and  the 
cruelty  of  a  conquercr.  Indeed  on  neither 
fide  db  there  fecni  to  be  any  Ccruples  : 
JToikiih  and  Lancaftriani,  Edward  and  Mur- 


WalpoVj  Hj/fipr/V  i)ouUsl 


Feb 


geret  of  Anjou,  entered  Into  any  engage-* 
ments,  took  any  oaths,  violated  them,  and 
indulged  their  revenge,  as  often  u  they 
were  deprefliMr  or  vi^oriour^  After  the 
battle  of  Tewkibury,  in  which  Margcret  and 
her  foB  were  made  prifoners,  young  Edwaid 
was  brought  to  the  prefence  of  Edward  the 
FpuTth ;  <'  but  after  the  king,**  fays  Fabian, 
the  oldeft  hiflorian  of  thoie  times>  "  had 
queftioned  with  the  fame  Sir  Edwarde»  and  he 
had  anfwered  unto  him  contrary  his  pleafore, 
he]^  then  ftrake  him  with  hit  gauntlet  upoa 
the  face  \  after  which  ftroke,  A>  by  hia  re- 
ceived, he  was  by  the  Kynge*s  fervanta  in- 
continently  ilainet*'  The  chronicle  of  Croy- 
land  of  the  fame  date  fayi,  the  prince  was. 
(lain.  Ultridbnt  juornndam  wumibttsi  boC 
names  nobody. 

Hall,  who  dofes  his  work  with  the  relga 
of  Henry  the  Eighth,  fays  that,  «« The 
prince  being  bold  of  ftonuche,  and  of  a 
good  courage,  anfwoed  the  king*a  quefiion 
(of  how  he  durft  fo  pteAimptbufly  enter  into 
his  realme  with  banner  difplayed)  Saying> 
to  recover  my  father's  kingdome  and  enheri* 
tage,  &c.  at  which  worde*s  Kyng  Edwarde 
faid  nothing,  but  with  his  hand  thmft  him 
from  him,  or  as  fome  fay,  ftrake  him  with 
his  gauntlet,,  whome  incontinent,  they  that 
ftode  about,  which  were  George  Duke  of 
Clarence,  Richard  duke  of  Gloocefter,  Tho- 
mas Marque(a  of  Dorfet  (fon  of  Q]^een  Eli* 
eabeih  Widville)  and  William  Lord  Hai:. 
t^ges,  fodainly  marthered  and  pitioufly  naan- 
quelled.**  ^Thus  much  had  the  ftory  gained 
from  ;he  time  of  Fabian  to  that  of  H^L 

^  JEioUingflied  repeats  thefe  very  word»,  con- 
fe'quently  is  a  tranfcriber  and  no  new  aatho* 
rity. 

<(  John  Stowe  reverts  to  Fabian*!  iccotinty. 
as  the  only  one  not  grounded  on  hear-fays, . 
and  affirms  no  more,  than  that  the  king 
cruelly  fmote  the  young  prince  oh  the  i%cm^ 
with  his  gauntlet,  and  after  hia  fervanta  flew 
him. 

Of  modern  hiflorians,  Rapin  and  Cajte^  the 
only  two  y/ha  feen  not  to  hkrt*  fwallowcd 
implicitly  all  the  vulgar  tales  propagated  by 
the  Lancaftrians  to  Uacken  the  booA  of 
York,  warn  us  to  read  with  allowance  the 
exaggerated  relations  of  thofe  timet.  The 
latter  fufpeftt,  that  at  the  diildlution  of 
the  monafleries  all  evidencet  were  fopprcfliad 
that  tended  to  weaken  the  right  of  tha  prince 
en  the  throne;  but  at  Heniy  the  Eighth 
concentred  in  himfelf  both  the  claioa  of  £<U 
ward  the  Fourth  and  that  ridiculoua  one  ol 
Henry  the  Seventh,  he  feems  to  ha^e  had 
lefa  occafion  to  be  anxbin  left  the  truth 
ihould  come  out ;  and  indeed  hit  father  bad 
involved  that  truth  in  fo  much  darknefe; 
that  It  was  little  likely  to  force  its  viray,  no^ 
was  it  ncceOary  then  to  load  the  memory  o 
Richard  the  Third,  who  had  left  no  off 
fpring.  Henry  the  Eighth  bad  no  cotnpetito 
to  fear,  but  thg  de&gfidantc  of  Clare&ce,  o 


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1768.' 


mham  he  (eew$  to  htfc  lit3  iofficieat  appre- 
leoCfltt,  at  appeared  by  bis  nmrder  of  the 
•U  csoBtefi  of  SalUbary,  daughter  of  CU- 
teoce,  and  his  ccdearpon  to  root  out  her 
pofterttj/  Tfaitf  'JeatDoiTy  accounu  for  Hall 
chargiaf  the  duke  of  Clarence,  at  well  at 
the  inJtc  of  douceftet  frith  the  murder  of 
pdoce  Edwardy  bat  in  acoifationt  of  fb  deep 
a  6jtf  it  it  not  ibfficient  ground  for  our  be* 
iiet,  bat  aa  hiilonao  reports  them  with  fucH 
a  frivoIoQS  paUiative  at  that  phrafe,  asf-^int 
Jej,  A  cotamporary  names  the  king's  fcr^ 
«ari  at  petprtntort  of  the  murder  s  Is  not 
that  mere  probabk,  than  that  the  king's  own 
brotben  ibould  bave  dipped  their  hands  in  fo 
Ini  aa  aflaffination  ?  Richard,  in  particular, 
is  allowed  on  a!l  hands  to  have  been  a  brave 
sad  mardal  prince  :  he  had  great  ihare  in 
tb«  tldory  at  Tcwkfbury:  iomc  jeais  aftcr- 
vaids,  he  cocnrDanded  his  brother's  troops 
sa  Scoc!ud,  and  rrade  himTelf  mafler  of 
E^inbjrgb.  At  the  battle  of  Bo<'worth, 
where  be  fell,  his  courage  was  heroic  :  he 
Um^m  RicboMMid,  and  endeavoured  to  decide 
i^cj  q^iarrtJ  by  a  perfonal  combat,  flaying 
Six  WiJiiarn  Brandouy  hit  rival's  flandard- 
bearcr,  with  b  s  own  hand,  and  felling  to  the 
frocnu  Sir  John  Cheney,  who  endeavoured 
tp  oppoie  his  fuiy.  Such  men  maj  be  ear- 
ned bf  ambition  to  command  the  ezecutian 
el  tbo^?  wiH>  ftaod  in  their  way ;  but  are 
tot  1  kfiy  to  iecd  their  hand,  in  cold  blood, 
to  a  ttife,  and,  to  themfelvct,  ufrlcfs  affaf- 
inadoD.  Hov  did  it  import  Richard  in  what 
Djoaer  thf  young  ptince  was  put  to  death  ? 
if  be  bad  (o  early  planned  the  ambitious  de- 
fipM  aknbed  to  him,  he  might  have  truHed 
to  hii  Wochcr  £J  ward,  To  much  more  imme- 
diately concerned,  that  the  young  prince 
wooM  not  be  fpared.  If  thofe  views  did  not, 
as  is  probable,  take  root  in  his  heart  till 
loa;  afcerwaidi>  what  inlereft  had  Richaid 
to  mufder  an  tinhappy  young  piince  ?  This 
cmne  therefore  was  fo  unneceflary,  and  is  To 
lai  60a  being  cft«bli(hed  by  any  authority, 
tbaihe  deles  vet  to  be  entirely  acquitted  of 
it." 

Mf.  WJpole  after  thii  confiden  the 
<kife.:6en4  chargea,  particularly,  and  it  muft 
be  cvned  with  great  juftice  in  favour  of 
Kichard.  It  ^ouid  tajzc  up  toe  much  time, 
sfld  would  alfo  be  an  injury  to  the  Tale  of 
tbi  wcrk,  were  we  to  give  our  readers  the 
»hol:  of  his  fercral  d-fcnces  ;  on  \vhich 
accooot  we  ftall  only  add  the  foilowing  par- 
ticaiars  of  Richajd't  conduct  in  relation  to 
Jaae  Shore j  which  oar  poets,  as  w-11  at 
MrkiAoriass,  have  painted  in.  fu  barbarous  a 
lig^ 


Caje  of  Jane  Shore;  V07 

an  hiftorian  who  it  ctpabte  of  employing 
troth  only  at  cement  in  a  fabric  of  fi^Hoo* 
Sir  Thomat  More  tellt  osy  that  Richard  pre- 
tended Jaoe  wat  of  couocell  with  the  Lord 
Haflings  to  delb-oy  him  \  and  in  conclufioiif 
when  no  colour  could  fatten  opon  thefe  mat* 
ters,  then  he  laid  feriooAy \to  her  charge 
what  (he  could  cot  deny,  namely  her  adultery ; 
and  for  this  caufe,  at  a  godly  continanc 
prince,  cleare  and  faultlcfle  oi  himfelf,  /ent, 
oat  of  heaven  into  this  vicioei  world 
for  an  amendment  of  mens  manners,  he 
caufed  the  biihop  of  London  to  put  her  (o 
open  penance. 

This  farcafm  on  Richard^  morals  would 
have  had  more  weight  if  the  author  had  be- 
fore confined  himfelf  to  deliver  nothing  but 
the  precife  truth.  He  does  no:  feem  to  btt 
more  exa^  in  what  relates  to  the  penance 
itfelf.  Richard  by  his  ptoclamation,  taxed 
Mrs.  Shore  with  plotting  treafon  with  the 
Marquis  Dorfet.  Confequently,  it  wat  not 
from  defeA  of  proof  of  her  being  accomplice 
with  Lord  HaAings  that  /he  wat  put  to  opea 
penaoce«  If  Richard  had  any  hand  in  that 
fentence^  it  was,  becaufe  he  bad  proof  of  her 
plotting  with  the  marquis.  But  I  doobt,  and 
with  fome  reafoOf  whether  her  penance 
wat  inflidted  by  Richard.  We  have  iieeJi 
that  he  acknowledged  *  at  leaft  twro  natural 
children ;  and  Sir  Thomat  More  hints  that 
Richard  was  far  from  being  remarkable  for 
his  chaftity.  Is  it  therefore  probable,  th^ 
he  a6led  fo  filly  a  farce  as  to  make  his 
brother*s  miftre^  do  penance  f  Mod  of  the 
chsrges  on  Richard  are  ib  idle,  that  inftead 
of  being  an  able  and  artful  ufurper«  at  hia 
antagonifts  allow,  he  muft  have  been  a  weaket 
hypocrite  than  ever  attempted  to  wreft  « 
fceptre  out  of  the  hands  of  a  legal  pofleflbr* 

It  is  more  likely  that  the  churchmen  were 
the  authors  of  Jane*s  penance  j  and  that 
Richard,  interefted  to  manage  that  body^ 
and  provoked  by  her  connexion  with  (b  capi- 
tal an  enemy  at  Dorfct,  might  give  her  up,  and 
permit  the  clergy  (  who  probably  had  burned 
incenfe  to  her  in  her  profperity)  to  revenge 
his  q carrel.  My  rcafoo  for  tb.s  opinion  is 
grounded  on  a  letter  of  Richard  extant  in  the 
Mufeum,  by  \vhich  it  appears  that  the  fair 
unfortunate,  and  amiable  Jane  (for  her  vir- 
tues far  outweighed  her  frailty)  being  a  pri- 
foner,  by  Richaru*s  order,  in  Ludgatc,  had 
captivated  theking*s  foUicitor,  who  contract- 
ed to  marry  her.  Htm  follows  the  letter  : 
By  the  kingl       Harl.  M  S  S.  No.  237?. 

'*  Right  reverend  fadie  in  God,  &c. 
Signifying  unto  you,  that  it  is  ibewed 
uito  us,  that  our  fervaunt  and  fuliicitor,  Tho- 


"  Wiih   regard  to  fane    Shore,  fjys  our    '««»>     Lyman,     mervcillouny     blinded     and 


aetbot,  I  have  already  (hewn  that  it  was  her 
aeoDC^tiaa  with  the  marquis  of  Dorfct,  not 
with  Lord  HaAingt,  which  drew  on  her 
the  rclentment  of  Richard.  When  an  event 
ittbos  wrcfted  to  feivc  the  purpoie  of  a  party, 

we  oi^t  to  be  tay  caouaiu  ho\^  mz  uuit 


abui'cd  with  t^e  late  (wife)  of  William 
Shore,  now  being  in  Ludgaie  by  our  com- 
mandment, hath  made  contract  of  ma- 
trimony with  her  (as  it  is  faid)  and  intendeth* 
to  our  full  grcttc  merveile,  to  precede  to  the 
efTeCt  of  the  fame.  We  for  many  cauiea 
O  %  1V914 


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F^ 


vrold  be  (bny  that  bee  ibo  ihpide  be  dirpofed. 
Pray  you  therefore  fend  for  hlm»  aod  in  that 
ye  goodly  may,  exhorte  and  fture  hym  to  the 
cotttrarye,  and  if  ye  And  him  utterly  fet  for 
to  inarrje  her,  and  noen  otherwife  will  be 
•dvercired,  th9A  (if  it  may  {land  v^th  the 
law  of  the  churche)  we  content  (tbejtyme  of 
marriage  deferred  to  oor  comyng  next  to 
London)  that  upon  iuffic/tent  furetie  founde.of 
hure  good  abcxing,  ye  doo  fend  for  hure 
keeper,  and  difcharge  him  of  cur  /aid  CQm- 
maodmeot  by  warrant  of  thefe,  commiting 
her  to  the  rule  and  guiding  of  hure  fidr^> 
in  God,  &c.  the  bifliop  of  Lincolq,  our 
chauacellour.'*  <^  It  appears  from  this 
letter  that  Richard  thought  it  indecent  for 
til  follipltor  to  marry  9  womai^  who  had  fuf- 
fercd  public  punifliment  for  adultery,  and 
vrho  was  conQncd  by  bii  command—but 
ivhere  it  t^e  tyrant  to  be  found  in  tbia  paper  ? 
or,  wha^  prince  ever  fpoke  of  fuch  a  fcanda), 
and  what  it  Granger,  of  fuch  contempt  of 
hit  authority,  with  fo  much  lenity  and 
lemper  ?  he  enjoint  hit  chincellor  to  diflTuade 
the  fbUicitor  from  the  match — but'fhould  he 
p^rfift — a  tyrant  would  have  ordered  the  fol- 
ficitor  toprifon  too  <-but  Richard — Richard — 
if  hit  fervaat  will  not  be  diflfuaded,  allowa 
the  match  $  and  in  the  mean  time  committ 
Jane — to  wbofe  cuftody  ? — Her  own  fatker^t. 
S  cannpt  he)p  thioking  that  fome  holy  perfon 
)iad  been  her  perfecutor,  and  not  fo  pa- 
tient and  gently  a  king.  And  I  believe  fo,  be- 
caufe  of  the  (alvo  for  the  church ;  «  Let  them 
he  married.**  fayt  Richard,  if  it  may  ftand 
fvith  the  Uw  of  the  church* 

From  the  propofed  marriage,  one  /houtd 
■t  firft  conclude  that  Shore,  the  former 
hufbaodof  Jane,  watdead  ;  but  by  the  king's 
query,  whether  the  marriage  would  be  law- 
ful ;  and  by  her  being  called  in  the  letter 
tbt  fate  Hvift  ofJVilliam  SJ!>ore,  not  »/tbe  iate 
iFtJ/itim  Shore,  I  (hould  fuppofe  that  ber  hus- 
band was  living,  and  that  the  penance  itfclf 
was  the  confec^uence  of  a  fuit  preferred  by 
bim  to  the  ecclefiaftic  court  for  a  divorcr. 
If  the  injured  hufband  ventured,  on  the 
desth  of  Edward  the  Fourth,  fo  petition  to 
be  feparated  from  hit  wife,  it  was  natural 
enough  forthe  church  to  proceed  farther,  and 
enjoin  her  to  perform  penance,  efpecially 
When  they  felt  jn  with  the  kiog*t  refehtment 
(o  her.  Richard*s  ptocHqsation  and  tfie 
letter  aboye  recited  feem  to  point  opt 
thit  account  of  Jlne*s  misfortunes ;  the 
letter  implying  that  Richard  doubted  whe- 
ther her  divorce  was  fo  compleat  at  to 
leave  her  at  iiberty'  to  take  another  huf- 
band.  As  we  hear  no  more  of  the 
Marriage,  and  as  Jane  to  her  death  re- 
talhed  the  name  of  Shore,  my  folution 
b  cprrobdrated  ^  the  chancellor- bifhop,  no 
doubt,  going  more  roundly  to  work  than  the 
king  had  done.  Nor,  however  fir  Thomas 
More  reviles  Richard  for  his  cruel  ufage  of 
iniftieft&npre;  did  either  of  the  fucceedini; 


kiagi  redrefs  her  wrong*,  thoogh  &e  lived  ttf 
the  eighteer.th  year  of  Heniy  the  ^ghtiu 
She  bad  fown  her  good  deeds,  her  good  omcef^ 
her  alms,  her  charities,  in  a  coart.  Not  one 
took  root;  nor  did  the  ungrateful  foil  repay 
her  a  grain  of  relief  In  her  penury  and  conv- 
fortlefs  old  age.** 

VII.  Aa  /Account  of  Corfica,  tbt  Journal 
of  a  Tour  to  that  JJlard^  and  Mtmoin  of  Pair 
cal  Paoli.  By  Jamet  Bofwell,  Efq-^  Wyftra^ 
ted  with  a  new  and  occur att  Map  of  Cof  fica^ 
Svo.  I W.    Diliy.  ^  , 

This  is  a  very  entertaining  book,  and  moft 
prove  an  agreeable  prefent  to  the  cuiiout, 
efpecially  at  this  tinne,  when  (he  generous 
f^ruggle  which  the  brave  Corficans  aic  ma- 
lting for  liberty,  is  fo  much  the  admiration 
of  all  Europe.— Our  readers  will  naturally  bp 
de6rous  of  an  cxtraA  from  fuch  a  work,  and 
we  (ball  indulge  them  with  a  iketch  Trooi 
the  author*s  account  of  the  celebrated  Pa- 
oli, who  may  be  looked  upon  at  the  tempo- 
rary faviour  of  the ,  Coiiican  nation,  ao^ 
whofe  hiftory,  chough  hit  name  is  in  every 
body's  mouth,  is  but  little,  if  at  alt,  known 
to  the  people  of  England. 

<«  When  I  came  within  fight  of  SoIlacarQ 
(<ays  our  author)  where  Paoli  was,  1  could 
not  help  being  under  coofiderable  anxiety  • 
My  ideas  of  him  had  been  greatly  heighten- 
ed by  the  converfations  1  had  held  with  a|l 
forts  of  people  on  the  ifland,  they  having  le- 
prefented  him  to  me  as  fomething  above  hu- 
manity. I  had  the  flrongeft  defire  to  fee 
fo  exalted  a  character ;  but  I  feared  that  I 
ihould  be  anable  to  give  a  proper  account 
why  1  had  prefuroed  to  trouble  him  with  a 
vtfir,  and  that  1  ^ould  dnk  to  ndthing  be- 
fore him.  I  almoft  wiflied  yet  to  go  back 
wlihout  feeing  him.  Thefe  workings  of  fen- 
fibility  employed  my  mind,  till  I  rode  thro^ 
the  village,  and  came  up  to  the  houfe  where 
he  was  lodged. 

Leaving  my  fervant  with  my  gu3de%  X 
paft  through  the  guards,  and  was  met  hj 
Tome  of  the  generart  people,  who  con(^a<^ 
ed  me  into  an  antichambcr,  where  were  fe- 
veral  gentlemen  in  waiting.  Signtor  Bocco- 
ciampe  had  notified  my  arrival,  and  1  was 
fhewn  into  Paoli's  room,  I  found  him  alone* 
and  Was  ftruc|c  with  hit  appearance*  He  is 
ta)I,  flrong,  and  well  made;  of  a  fair  com- 
plexion, a  fenfible,  free,  and  open  coonte-' 
nance,  and  a  manly  and  noble  carriage  j  be 
was  then  in  his  fortieth  year.  He  was  dreft 
in  green  and  gold.  He  ufed  to  wear  the 
common  Corfican  habit,  but  on  the  arrival 
of  the  French,  he  thought  a  little  external 
elegance  migh(  be  of  uf^  to  make  the  govern- 
ment appear  in  a  more  refpe£table  light. 

He  a&ed  me,  #hat  were  my  commands 
for  him.  I  preiented  ht^  a  letter  from  contit 
Rivalera,  and  when  he  had  read  it,  I  (hewed 
him  my  letter  from  Rouife^u.  He  was  po- 
lite, but  very  referved.  I  bad  ftood  in  the 
prefeocc  of  many  a  prmce,    but  I  never  had 


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iy^lT;  Perfon  and  Behaviour  of  Paoli.' 

£k&  a  tiial  tp  lo  the  prefence  of  Paoli.  I 
kure  already  fai^,  that  be  ia  a  great  pbyfiog- 
MBid  $  in  confequcace  of  his  being  ia  coo- 
tiaaal  danger  from  treachery  and  a(raffiDation« 
he  haa  formed  a  habit  of  ftudioufly  obferring 
ertry  new  face.  For  ten  minutet  we  walked 
b^wardi  and  forwaxdt  cbroqgh  the  room, 
hardly  iaying  a  word,  while  he  looked  at  me 
vith  a  ftedfaft,  keen,  and  peoetratiog  eye, 
a  if  he  Cearcbed  my  very  fool. 

Thia  inierview  was  for  a  while  very  fe^ 
vere  upon  me.  I  was  much  relieved  when 
his  relerve  broke  off,  and  he  began  to  fpeak 
more.  1  then  ventured  to  addrefi  him  with 
this  compliment  to  the  Corficai^.  *<  Sir,  I 
aa  vpon  my  travels,  and  have  lately  vifited 
Xeme.  I  am  come  from  feciog  the  mios  of 
eae  brave  and  free  people :  I  now  fee  the  rife 
of  another  j*' 

He  received  my  compliment  very  graciouflyi 
bet  obferred,  that  the  Corficans  had  no 
chance  of  betag  like  the  Romans,  a  great 
caeqoering  naddn,  whp  fliould  extend  its  em» 
^sre  over  half  the  globe.  Their  fituatioo^ 
and  the  modern  political  fyftems,  rendered 
this  impo^ble.  But,  faid  ht,  Corfica  may 
be  a  very  happy  coontry* 

He  espfeiled  a  high  admiration  of  M. 
Sloofleaa,  whom  fignor  Buttafoco  had  invited 
U  Corfica,  to  sud  the  nation  in  foiffting  iti 
lavs. 

It  feemt  M.  de  Voltaire  had  reported  ia 
his  rallying  manner,  that  the  invitation  wal 
merely  a  trick  whith  he  had  put  upon  Rouf- 
Icas.  Paoli  told  me,  that  when  he  under- 
Aood  this,  he  himfclf  wrote  to  Roufleau,  en- 
ferdmg  the  iotitation.  Of  this  affair  1  ihall 
g^  a  foU  account  in  an  after  part  of  my 
journal. 

Some  of  the  nobles  who  attended  him  came 
into  the  toom,  and  In  a  little  time  we  were 
CoM  that  dinner  was  ferved  up.  The  general 
did  me  the  honour  to  place  me  next  him.  He 
had  a  table  of  bfit^n  or  fixteen  covers,  hav- 
iag  always  a  good  many  of  the  principal  men 
•f  the  tfland  with  him«  He  had  an  Italian 
cock  who  bad  been  long  in  France,  but  he 
clMfe  to  have  a  few  fubflantial  diihes,  avoid- 
ing every  kind  of  luxury,  and  driakiog  no 
fisreign  wtne. 

J  felt  fbyfclf  inder  fome  conftratnt  in  fuch 
•  circle  of' heroes.  The  general  talked  a 
gveat  iiu\  of  iiiftoiy  and  on  literature.  1  fooh 
perceived  that  he  was  a  fine  ctaflieal  fcholar, 
that  his  mind  was  enriched  with  a  variety  of 
knowledge,  and  that  his  cooverfation  at 
meals  was  ioftrudive  and  entertaining.  Be- 
fisee  dinner  he  had  fpokeh  French.  He  now 
^eke  Italian,  in  which  he  is  very  eloquent. 

We  retired  to  another  room  to  drink  cof- 
Ice*  JCy  timidity  wore  off**  I  no  longer 
aassottfly  thought  of  myfelf{  my  whole  9>t- 
teation  am  eooployed  in  liftening  to  the  il- 
kifieas  commander  of  a  nation. 

Ht  rcconf mended  me  to  the  care  of  abbe 
^^iaij  wbo  had  lived  mioy  year%  ua  f  ranc'e. 


109 

Signor  Coloana,  the  lord  of  the  maaor  here^ 
being  from  home,  his  hoafe  was  afligoed  for 
me  to  live  in.  I  was  left  by  myf^lf  tilt 
near  ftspper  time,  when  I  returned  to  the  ge* 
neral,  whofe  convcrfation  improved  upon  me» 
as  did  the  fociety  ot'  tbo£s  about  him,  witk 
whom  I  gradually  formed  an  acquainunce,  ^ 

Every  day  1  found  m>fcJf  happier.  Parti- 
cular marks  of  attention  were  Oiewo  me  as 
9  fubjca  of  Great  Britain,  the  report  of 
which  went  over  Italy,  and  confirmed  the 
CQnjeftures  that  I  was  really  an  enyoy.  Ia 
the  morning  I  had  my  chocolate  ferved  up 
upon  9  filver  falver,  adorned  with  the  arms  of 
Corfica*  1  dined  and  fupped  conftantly  witl^ 
the  general.  I  was  vifited  by  all  the  nobilityj 
and  whenever  I  chofe  to  o>ake  a  little  tour, 
J  was  attended  by  a  party  of  guar/s.  1  beg- 
ged of  the  general  not  to  treat  me  with  lift 
much  ceremony ;  but  he  infifted  upon  it. 

One  day  when  I  rode  out  I  was  mouoted 
pn  Paoli^s  own  horfe,  with  rich  furniture  oi 
crimfon  velvet,  ^jth  broad  gold  lace,  ^nd 
had  my  guards  marching  along  with  me:  X. 
allowed  myfelf  to  indulge  a  momentary  pride 
in  this  parade,  as  I  was  curious  ro  experience 
what  could  really  be  the  pleafure  of  ttate  an4 
dtftinflion  with  which  mankind  are  fia 
flrangely  intoxicated. 

When  I  returned  to  the  continent  afUr  alt 
this  grearnefs,  1  ufed  to  joke  with  my  ac- 
quaintance, and  tell  them  that  I  could  noc 
bear  to  live  with  them,  for  they  did  not  treat 
me  with  a  proper  tt(^€t. 

My  time  pifled  here  in  the  moft  agreeable 
manner.  1  enjoyed  a  fort  of  luxury  of  noble 
fentlment.  Pa6li  became  more  affable  with 
me.  I  made  myfelf  known  to  him*  I  for- 
got the  great  didance  between  01,  and  had 
every  day  fome  hoqrs  of  private  converiation 
with  him. 

From  my  firft  fetb'og  out  on  thia  tour*  I 
wrote  down  every  night  what  1  had  obferv^d 
during  the  day,  throwing  together  a  great 
deal,  that  I  might  afterward^  make  a  felecr 
tion  at  leifure. 

Of  thefe  particulars,  the  moft  valuable  to 
my  readers,  as  well  as  to  myfelf,  muff  fnrely 
be  the  memoirs  and  remarkable  fayings  of 
Paoli,  which  I  am  proud  to  record.  Talking^ 
of  the  Corfican  war,  "^  Sir,  faid  he,  if  the 
event  prove  happy,  we  (hail  be  called  great 
defenders  of  liberty.  If  the  event  fhall  prove 
unhappy,  we  ihall  be  called  unfortunate 
rebrli.*' 

The  French  objeAed  to  him,  that  the 
Corfican  nation  had  no  regular  troops.  •*  We 
would  not  have  them,  faid  Paoli.  We  fhould 
then  have  the  bravery  of  this  and  the  other 
regiment.  At  prefeat  every  Bngle  man  is  a 
regiment  himfelf.  Should  the  Corficans  be 
formed  into  regular  troops,  we  fhould  lofe 
that  perfonal  bravery,  which  has  produced 
fuch  anions  among  us,  as  in  any  other 
country  would  have  rcAder^  famous  oven  a 
Marifchal."' 

ai  J 


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Sentiments  of  PAOLtr 


<io 

«  I  afked  hiin,  how  be  could  poflibly  have 
tf  foal  fo  fupcrior  tointcrcft?**  '•  It  is  »oc  fu- 
perior,  UlA  he,  my  intereft  is  to  gain  a  name. 
I  know  v.eU,  chat  be  thic  does  goo<l  to  hit 
country  will  gain  that  j  and  I  expert  it.  Yet 
couW  I  render  this  people  b^ppy,  I  would 
be  content  to  be  forgotten.  J  have  an  wn- 
fpeakable  pride.  Ur.a  fuperbia  indicihiU,  The 
•pprob^tion  of  my  own  heart  is  enough.*' 

**  He  iaid,  he  would  have  great  plca- 
fure  in  feeing  the  v/orld,  and  enjoy iag  the 
Society  of  the  learned,  and  the  acconp- 
plifbcd  in  every  country.*'  **  I  aflccd  him, 
iow  with  thefe  dirpofitioof,  he  could  beir'to 
be  confined  to  an  ifland  yet  in  a  rode  uncivi- 
lized ftate;  and  inftead  of  particjpailnj  attic 
evenings,  tioSta  can^qut  drum,  be  in  "^  con-- 
tinual  courfe  of  care  and  of  danger?"  Kc  re- 
plied inr  otte  line  of  Virgil : 

yina't  atrm-patri^  laud^m^ue  mmertfa  cufitJc, 
This  uttered  with  the  fine  open  Italian  pro- 
nunciation, and  the  open  dignity  of  his  man* 
ser,  was,  very  noblr.  I  wi(bed  to  have  a 
ibtue  of  bim  taken  at  that  moment. 

I  aflced  him  if  be  underftood  Englifb. 
He  immediately  began  and  /poke  it,  which 
iie  did  tolerably  well.  When  at  Naples,  he 
liad  known  feveral  Irlih  gentlemen  who  were 
«>fiicers  in  that  Tervice.  Having  a  great  fa- 
cility in  acquiring  languages,  he  learnt  Eng- 
liib  from  them.  But  at  be  had  been  no« 
ten  years  wiihovt  ever  fpeaking  it,  he  fpokc 
very  flow.  One  could  fee  that  he  was  pof- 
fefled  ot  the  words,  but  for  vant  of  what  I 
may  call  the  mechanical  praflice^  be  had  a 
difficulty  in  expreffing  himfelf. 

I  was  diverted  with  his  EngliOi  library.  It 
coofifted  of:  Some  broken  volumes  ot  the 
Spectator  anA  Tatler.  Pope*s  Efl*ay  on  Man. 
Gulliver's  Travels.  AHiftory  of  France  in 
Old  Eoglilh.  And  Barclay*s  Apology  for  the 
Quakeri.         ' 

1  promifcd  to  fend  him  fome  Engliih 
Iwoks*. 

He  convinced  me  bow  well  he  nnderftood 
€ur  language  ;  for  1  took  the  libetty  to  (hew 
bim  a  memorial,  which  I  hsd  Jr«wn  up  on 
the  advantages  to  Great  Briuin  from  a.i  alli' 
ance  with  Corfica,  and  he  tranflaicd  this  me* 
inorialintolralian  with  the  greateft  facility. He 
lias  fincc  given  mc  more  proofs  of  his  know- 
ledge of  our  tongce,  by  his  anfwers  to  the 
letters  which  1  have  had  the  honour  to  write 
to  bim  in  Engli(h,  and  in  particular  by  a 
▼ery  judicious  cricicifm  on  fome  of  Swift*t 
woikf. 

He  was  well  acquainted  with  the  hiftory  of 
Britain.  He  had  read  many  of  the  parlia- 
mentary^dcbatcs,  and  even  fcen  a  number  of 
the  North- Briton,   he  Oiewed  a  confiderable 

•  Ibavel 


Fcbi 


knowledge  of  this  country,  and  often  intro- 
duced Anecdotes,  and  drew  cofflparifons  and 
allufions  from  Britain. 

He  faid  his  great  objeC^  was  to  form  iftie 
Corficans  in  fuch  a  manner,  that  tbey  might 
have  a  firm  conftitutioo,  and  might  be  able 
to  fubfift  without  feim.  "  Our  ftate,  faid  be, 
is  young,  and  Aill  requ'res  the  leading  ftrings 
I  am  defirous  that  the  Corficans  fhould  be 
taught  to  walk  of  thcmfclvet.  Tbcicfore 
when  they  come  to  irre  to  afk  who  they 
ihould  chufe  for  their  Padre  del  Commune, 
or  other  magiArate,  I  tell  them,  you  knov 
better  than  I  do,  the  able  and  honefl  men 
among  your  neighbaurs.  Confid'er  the  con- 
fequence  of  your  choice,  rot  only  to  youf- 
felves  in  particular,  but  to  the  ifland  in  ge- 
neral. In  this  manner  X  accuflom  them  to 
feel  their  own  importance." 

After  reprcfenting  the  fe\^re  and  melan- 
choly ftate  of  opprcflion  under  which  Ccrfica 
bad  folong  groanerl,  he  f'ii,  **  V/e  aie  now  to 
our  country  like  the  prophet  EIi{hi  ftrctchc<i 
over  the  dead  child  of  the  Shunami  e,  ey< 
to  eye,  nofe  to  nofe,  mouth  to  mouih*  I< 
begins  to  recover  warmih  and  to  revive.  I 
hope  it  (hall  yet  rc^an  full  hcahh  and  vig.^u:." 

I  faid  that  things  would  mak;;  a  r»pi<i 
progrefs,  and  that  we  fh.juld  foon  fee  all  i\u 
arts  andfciences  flourish  in  CurlUa.  "  Patience 
Sir,  faid  be,  if  you  faw  a  man  who  ha; 
fought  a  bard  battle,  who  was  much  v^ound 
ed,  who  was  beaten  to  the  grojoo,  anJ  wh< 
with  difficulty  coald  lift  himivlf  up,  it  wouli 
not  be  reafonablc  (O  afk  him  to  g  *  hi^  ha  i 
well  drefTed,  and  to  put  on  rTsbr.r*.r  i 
cloaths.  Corfica  h^i  ou^ht  a  h^r!  b  tie 
baa  been  much  woundrd,  has  hct^  'r'eA  en  *\ 
the  ground,  and  with  difficult  cai  1  ft  her 
felf  up«  the  arts  and  fcienccs  are  lirir  dro: 
and  ornaments.  You  cannot  expeO  tljeii 
from  us  for  fome  time.  But  c  <me  b»c] 
twenty  or  thirty  years  hencf,  atd  we  wi 
fhew  you  arts  and  fciences,  aod  c  ncerts  an 
afT-mblies,  and  fine  ladie*,  and  we  wi 
make  you  fall  in  love  among  u^,  Sir.*"" 

He  fmiled  a  good  deal,  when  I  told  hit 
that  I  was  much  furpiized  to  6nd  him  j 
amiable,  accomplifhed,  and  poliie ;  for  a 
though  I  knew  I  was  to  Tee  a  great  man, 
expected  to  find  a  rude  character,  an  Attilj 
kingjof  the  Goths^  or  a  LuitpVand,  king  i 
the  Lombards. 

I  obfetvcd  that  although  he  had  often 
placid  fmite  upon  his  countenance,  he  hanj 
ever  laughed.  Whether  loud  laughter  in  g 
ncral  fociety  be  a  fign  of  weaknefs,  or  rufl 
city,  I  cannot  fay ;  but  I  have  remark* 
that  real  great  men,  and  men  of  finiihed  b 
b^viour,  fcldom  fail  into  it. 


ve  fent  him  the  laorh  of  Harrington f  ef  Sidney,  of  Addi^'>n,  of  Tretscbard,  of  Garde 
mni  of  othir  writert  in  favour  of  liberty,  I  bavi  aifojfent  bim  fome  of  our  booki  of  morality  a 
tfitertainm^rf,  in  particular  tbe  tccrks  of  Mr,  Samuel  Jobiifan,  xcitb  a  complete  ft  of  the  SpeS 
tort,  Tatler.  and  Guardian  ;  an4  to  tbe  uni*verficy  ofCortt  I  bave  ftnt  a  JtW  of  (be  QretJt  a 
Mtman  chjfct,  of  tin  btgtiful  tdiU<MS  oftUMelf,  Foulis,  at  Clajgow^ 


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\^6S, 


VARIOUS  ARTICLES, 


The  ninety  mnd  I  may  fay  verfatility  of 
Cbc-  miad  ol   this   great  man   it  amazing* 
Oae  day  when  1  came  in  to  pay  my  refpefla 
to  him  before  dUner,    I  fotuid  him  ia  much 
a|itsuon  with  a  circle  of  bia  ooblei  aro.und 
him,  and  a  Corficao  ftanding  before  him  like 
a  ffirninal  before  his  judge.    Paoli  immedi- 
aldy  tnrncd  to  me»   **  I  am  glad  you  are 
cxme»  Sir.  You  proteftantt  talk  much  agauift 
•sr  do^ioe  of    tranfubflaotiaciop,    behold 
here  the  miracle  of  traofobiUntiatioo,  a  Cor- 
icaa  tcanfahftantiated  ioto  a  Gsooefe.    That 
snworthy  man  who  now  ftandf  before  me  it 
a  Corftcjui,    who  haa  been  long  a  lieutenant 
on«cr  the  Genoefe,   in  Capo  Corfo.     An- 
drew Dorta,    and  all  their  greateft  heroes, 
codd  not  be  more  tiqlent  for  the  republick 
than  he  has  been,  and  all  againft  hit  couniry! 
Then  tuning  to  the  man,    *<  Sir,   faid  hc^ 
Corfica  makea  it  a  rule  to  pardon  the  moll 
VDWorthy  of  ber  children,   when  they  fur- 
reader  themfelvet,  even  when  they  arc  forced 
CO  do  fo,  at  is  your  cafe.     Vou  have  now 
cicaped.    But  take  care.    I  iball  have  a  Aii€t 
eye  upon  upon  you,    and  if  ever  you  make 
the  leaft  attempt  to  return  to  your  traiterous 
podicea^yoo  know  I  can  be  avenged  of  you!" 
He  fpoke  thit  with  the  ficrcenefs  of  a  lion, 
and  from  the  awful  darknefi  of  hit  brow 
one  could  fee  that  hit  thoughts  of  yengeaace 
were  terrible.     Yet  when  it   was  over,  he 
all  at  oace  refumed  hit  ufual  appear^ce, 
called  out  Andraino,   come  along  1   went  to 
diucr,  and  was  at  chearful  and  gay  m  if  no- 
thiag  had  happened. 

Jill  notions  of  morality  are  high  and  re« 
fiaed,  fuch  at  become  the  father  of  a  nation. 
Were  he  a  libertine  hia  influence  would  foon 
vanifli  {  for  men  will  never  truft  the  impor- 
tant concerns  of  fociety  to  one  they  know 
win  do  what  is  hurtful  ^o  fociety  for  hia  own 
pleafHres.  He  told  me  that  his  father  had 
brought  him  np  with  great  ftri^lnefs  and  that 
he  had  very  feldqm  deviaud  fron^  the  paths 
•f  virtue.  That  thit  was  not  froni  a  defe^ 
of  feeling  and  paifion,  but  that  hii  mind  being 
fified  with  inaportant  obje^,  hit  pafliont 
were  employed  in  more  noble  purfuitt  than 
tb*fe  of  licentiout  pleafure.  I  law  from  Pa- 
tdi's  example  the  great  art  of  piefcrving 
yaung  naea  of  fpirit  from  the  contagion  of 
vice,  in  which  there  is  often  a  fpecie^  of  ien- 
ti»eAt,  iogenuity  and  enterpriac  ficariy  al* 
Bed  to  virtuoet  qualitiei*^*. 

VI.  Liitrtf  a  Pom.  By  T.  Underwood, 
Utt  a/ Saint  Peter*i  CtJl^e,  Cambridge,  jiw 
sht^^/tU  Im^artialifi^  4to.  as.  6d.  31idon. 
nothing  can  b«  more  contemptible  than 
this  performaoce,  unlefs  it  be  the  vanity  of 
the  author,  who  (eems  to  think  himfelf  a 
wxker  of  the  very  firft  abilities— yet  fo  badly 
St  ke  ^uatiAed  to  be  a. poet,  that  he  givea  ut 
.^rwfas  a  rhyme  to  fry/^ }  couplet  ri^yiiu  to 
sij»  i  K^  to  God  \  btmltb  to  ftlf^  and  bringt 
atac  a  muobex  of  metticii  coojun^tioBt. 


e^ally  reptignant  ro  harmony.  $oH^e  excufo 
however  might  be  made  for  the  poverty  of 
hit  rhyme,  did  his  piece  contain  a  little 
reafon  — but  of  this  he  is  io  utterly  barren, 
that  it  would  be  idle  to  fay  a  fy  liable  fas  the* 
of  his  defpicable  prndudtion. 

V]l,AmahtlUt  sPoaiti  by  ikfr.  Jernioghamf 
4to.    Robfoo. 

The  fubjed  of  this  poeoci,  at  we  are  in* 
formed  by  an  advertifement,  is  founded  on  a 
circumftance  that  happened  duriag  the  late 
war — A  young  lady,  not  meeting  wkh  the 
concurrence  of  her  relations  ih  favour  of  an 
officer  for  whom  ihe  exprefled  her  regud^ 
was  prevailed  upon,  by  his  fdllicitatiuns,  to 
confent  to  a  ciandefiine  marriage  3  which 
took  place  on  the  day  he  fet  out  to  join  hit 
regiment  abroad,  where  he  was  unfortunately 
killed  in  an  engagement. — As.  to  the  poem,  ^ 
it  ho  but  very  little  merit,  and  it  much 
more  calculated  to  throw  the  reader  into  a 
found  fleep  than  into  a  flood  of  tears. 

VIII.  A  Caveat  on  the  Part  of  public  Credk, 
previous  to  the  Opening  of  the  Budget^  for  tht 
prcfeitt  year,   1768,  4to.     Almon. 

This  it  a  feniible  pamphlet,  and  weU 
worth  the  coafideration  of  every  man,  who 
cither  has  advanced,  or  intends  to  advance, 
moiuy  upon  government  fecurities. 

IX.  ji  Letter  to  the  Aplogifi  for  Lord  B— 
by  one  of  the  Tozi'n,  8vo.  is.     Lewis. 

Thcfe  who  have  thought  it  worth  their 
while  to  read  the  catchpenny  publications  on 
a  certain  nobleman's  condud  to  a  eertaiA 
young  gentlewoman,  may  po^Hbly  think  the 
prcfent  pamphlet  an  addition  to  their  libraries* 

X.  Afecond  Letter  to  the  Author  of  the  Con- 
feflioijul  a/ntalnirg  Kemarh  on  the  fve  fr^ 
Chapien  of  that  Bock,  2vo. 

Such  •;  our  readers  as  ^re  fond  of  reaglous 
controverfy  may  pofiibly  tad  entertainment  ia  , 
this  performance  j  to  every  body  clfc  we  dare 
affirm    it   will  be   infapportabiy  heavy -and 
difagrccable. 

XI.  An  Account  of  a  Series  ofExperimefiH,,  - 
injlituted  •iu'ttb  a  Vttw  of  ajcertuintng  tke  mifi 
fuccejful  Method  of  inoculuttng  for  the  Small^ 
Pox,  By  W,  Watfon,  M.  D.  %vo,  Noutfc. 

In  this  account  the  geitJ«mcn  of  the  f^* 
culty  will  find  fevetal  things  weU  worth  theb 
attcnl'on,  and  even  ihoie  who  have  n^thin^, 
to  do  with  the  pradice  of  phyiic,  will  meet 
with  experiments  of  a  nature  fo  curious^ 
that  they  cannot  perufc  it  without  receiving . 
entertainment. 

Xil.  Tie  Ca/ro/Af>.  James  Gib fon,  Al- 
torntyat  Law y  faithfully  and  ipipartially  jJattd^ 
Svo.  Lewis. 

^  This  is  the  cafe  of  an  unhappy  prifoner  la 
Newgate,  with  whole  trial  the  world  is  well 
acquainted — and  we  cannot  help  thinking,  jf 
his  cafe  is  faithfully  ftated,  but  that  he  it 
greatly  entitled  to  the  clemency  of  govern*  • 
menu 

XIi% 


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t  rt  mfay  on  tie  future 

Xin.  n^imii  ufn  a  Fgmfhhh  iiititleJ^ 
Jin  Apology  f»  tori  B— —  in  a  Litter  to  a 
poUHifFomMHf  8v«.  It.  Baldwin. 

At  the  noble  lord*t  conduA^  which  gave 
sife  to  feTeril  late  poblicationi,  will  Tpeedily 
be  CMvafled  in  •  judicial  way,  we  cannot  but 
think  any  literary  inquiry  into  it,  ii  belter 
^courage^,  than  fupported  by  rccommcoda- 
Cioni  t6  the  public. 

XIV.  J  Narrativt  of  the  Rife  and  Progrefs 
wf  the  Difputa  fuhfijlhi  bttween  the  Patented 
^CoYent-Garden  Tbeatre,  By  Mejf,  Harril 
mmi  Rvtherfordf  4/0.    Fletcher. 

Thit  publication  it  written  with  an  acri- 
SDony  fo  evident^  and  Coolplaint  of  Mr.  Col- 
snan*l  mifmanagemcnt  of  Cov6nc- Garden 
theatre,  with  fuch  mantfeft  injuAice,  that  the 
authors  1(111  not  find  many  advocates  among 
the  impartial  or  the  intelligent.— By  exceed- 
ing the  limitt  of  their  own  authority,  and  by 
urging  meafiires  not  a  little  injurious  to  the 
inteieft  of  their  houfe,  they  have  given  Mr. 
Colmao  much  room  to  be  diflfatitfied,  and 
now  are  greatly  offended  with  him  for  bemg 
fo.— We  would  rerommend  it  therefore  to 
JAr,  Harris  and  Mr.  Rutherford,  who,  not- 
vrithf^anding  tbeir  injudicious  warmth  on  the 
prefent  occafion,  we  bslievc  to  be  gentlemen 
ttf  probity  and  underftanding,  to  avoid  Ilflen- 
ing  for  the  future  to  the  artful  whifperiiig  of 
dtfigning  fycophants,  and  to  be  cautious  a« 
hove  all  things,  not  to  fay  their  property  hat 
^een  injured  by  Mr.  Colman's  ^dminiHration, 
I'll  they  convince  the  world,  that  t hit  is  not 
the  rooh  profitable  feafon  which  hat  ever  been 
experienced  by  any  patentees  of  CoTcnt-Gar- 
den  theatre. 

XV.  A  true  State  of  the  Difftrencei  Juhfift* 
ingketween  the  Proprteterg  0^  Co  vent- Garden 
Theatre,  J?y  George  Colman,  4ro.  Baldwin. 

Every  man  of  fenfe  will  readily  fee  that 
nothing  can  be  more  idle  than  to  trouble  the 
world  with  publications,  in  which  it  cannot 
poflibly  have  the  lead  intereft$  this  circum- 
Itance  increafes  the  imprudence  of  the  forego- 
ing article,  and  Mr.  Colman  would  have 
^en  as  reprehenfibie  at  MefT  Harris  and  Ru* 
tlterford  in  this  refpe^t,  did  not  the  narrative 
of  thefe  gentlemen  reduce  him  to,the  indif- 
peoiibie  necelTicy  of  making  a  reply. — With 
regard  to  the  merits  of  this  reply,  vre  (haH 
only  obferve,  that  Mr.  Colman  has  greatly 
the  advantage  of  his  antagtmfls;  and  it  it 
but  juflice  to  Mr.  Powell  t*  declare,  that  he 
bat  afted  a  very  amiable  part  through  Ihe 
whole  tranfa£^ion. 

XVI.  TbeCondua  of  thefiur  Manogert  of 
€2ovent- Garden  tbtmre  freely  tind  impartially 
tieamtned,  heth  tt/ith  regard  to  their  pr^jent 
DifputeSp  and  their  pe^  Management  :  Jn  an 
Addrifi  to  them  bf  a  Frequenter  of  that  Theatre f 
4/9.  is.    Wilkie. 

This  ii  the  oflipring  of  fome  in/ignificant 
pea  w)iich  wanu  to  nakc  a  penny*  by  going 
to  the  literary  mujut  with  a  topic  of  genfrU 
IpauriaUoQi 


Lift  of  Brutes: 


FcB: 


XVII.  Am  Bpifile  to  d.  ColttM/rni^  W<; 
Kehridk.    f'letcher 

It  being  bniverfally  believed  that  Mr* 
Kenrick  iu  tMe  perfun  who  drew  up  the 
natrative  publifhed  by  MefT.  Harris  and  Rn- 
therford/  Mr.  Colman  at  the  tonclufioa 
of  his  Ttme  States  hid  a  Tery  heavy  ban4 
upon  that  gentleman^  and  treated  him  with 
a  fover:ty  which  roiif«d  him  to  an  immediate 
retort  upon  Mr.  Colman — Accordingly  thie 
epidle  ^as  advertifed,  and  fome  people  wh» 
coofidef  Mr.  Kenrick  as  a  kind  of  a  literary 
Broughton,  expe£led  that  the  Co  vent- Garden 
manager  would  have  abundant  reafon  to  la- 
ment his  temerity— but  aln  !  thongh  the 
mountarn  laboured,  it  did  not  produce  fa 
much  aa  a  moufe. 

XVIII,  An  Effay  on  the  future  LifeofBritta 
Creatures*  By  Richard  Dean,  Curate  oflA\&* 
dtetoof  1 W.  l2lffo.  Kearfley. 

There  it  much  good  fenfe  and  great  hil« 
manity  in  thefe  little  voIumcr.—A  report  hat 
been  propagated,  that  an  ecclefiaftical  ptofe-^ 
cutton  it  to  he  commenced  againft  the  au- 
thor,  but  we  cannot  fee  with  what  propriety 
fuch  a  circumflaoce  can  ever  take  place.  Be 
thit  M  it  may,  we  (hall  give  a  quotation  frodl 
the  author,  which  we  could  wiih  the  moil- 
Aert  of  the  piefent  age  would  be  fenBble  e- 
nough  to  regard,  at  there  it  unhappily  but  too 
great  an  occafion  for  admonition  on  thU 
head. 

"  I  fappofe  by  this  time,  he  (ihc  reader 
fays  Mr.  Dean)  is  fufficientty  convinced, 
that  btule  Bmnoah  are  fomething  mOre  than 
meer  nachinei,  have  an  intelligent  principle 
refiding  within  them,  which  is  the  fpring  of 
their  feveral  a^ons  and  operations  :  If  fo^ 
he  will  ea6Iy  perceive,  that  he  ought  to 
treat  them  as  beings  very  different  fro<p  ma* 
chines,  that  where  he  purpofes  ro  avnil  him* 
felf  of  their  fervices,  he  will  ufe  fuch  me- 
thods In  the  management  of  them,  at  are 
fuitable  to  a  nature  that  may  be  taught,  in- 
ilmded,  and  improved  ro  his  advantage  | 
and  not  have  recourfe  onlj  to  force,  cpm- 
pttlfion,  and  violence.  And  if  creatures^- 
under  management  for  the  ends  he  defigne 
them,  (hooid  now  and  then  fhew  a  little  ref- 
trrenefs  and  oppofition,  or  refufe  to  do  as  he 
means  they  ihould  do,  he  will  learn  to  make 
proper  allowances  for  this  obfliracy  of  temper 
in  them,  from  reflexions  upon  himfelf;  who 
at  a  being  with  inclinations  of  his  own,  !• 
confcious  ^at  he  is  not  alwayi  to  be  guided 
by  others,  and  kicks  at  ioflru^on  in  a  diou- 
fand  inflancet.**  «  Furthermore  a  man  will 
confider,  that  at  brutes  are  made  fubjeft  to 
him  by  the  appointment  of  heaven,  he  ought 
to  look  upon  them  as  creatures  under  hie 
government  to  be  prdteAed,  and  not  at  pot 
in  bis  power  to  be  plagued  and  tormented  ^. 
very  few  of  them  know  how  to  defend  them- 
felvet  agaioft  him,  at  well  at  he  does  to  at- 
tack them,  and  therefore  it  it  only  00  parti* 
AiliteccafiOAi  that  he  can  be  jufliofd  in  Ml. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1^68. 


Ke  WD  rick's    P^JHUii 


"I 


ttfoyoo  them.  For  a  mta  to  torture  a 
Wate,  whofc  life  God  has  pot  iAto  his  iuads, 
b  a  diigraceful  thing,  fuch  a  meannefs   of 

r it  as  his  boa:>ur  le^atres  him  to  fl)«n  :  If 
docs  it  out  of  wantoanefs  he  is  a  fool 
aad  a  cofPard  ^  if  for  plcafore  he  is  a  mow 

XIX.  TV  4dvntMra  of  Oayoel    CiaJJif 
£i^  muam  Qx/ord  ScbJar,  %  voh.  0<%atM, 


The  two  Tplumes  before  yt  do  oot  con* 
fbde  this  hiftorr  and  we  a^e  glad  th«v  d)> 
w:,  for  though  there  are  many  things  lig^ 
ud  triflingy  to  be  found  In  reveFil  palTages, 
acrerth^lcrs  there  are  in  fome,  indicarions 
cf  gcaius  not  a  little  fuperior  to  the  novel- 
fits  •'  oar  principal  circulating  libraries. 

XX.  Poewu  LmJkrous,  Satiric jI,  and  Mo- 
md,  iy  W.  Kcnrick,  i  «p/.  0£f.  Fletcher. 

IST  we  had  nothing  to  reproach  a  dunce 
with  bat  his  ftupidity,  he  wooJd  be  rath«r 
cbc  oijed  of  our  pity  than  our  indignation  ; 
bst  where  we  find  an  infuperable  vanity, 
j«  ned  to  ap  utter  want  of  ablU  ies,  our  re- 
itatment  is  rouied,  as  well  as  our  contempt^ 
and  there  is  no  podlbility  of  mentoninghis 
yame  without  afperity.  This  is  our  cafe  in 
r^ard  to  the  prefent  publication;  the  au- 
thorteQiui  inanadvctti^eaient,  <<that  he 


kath  too  much  siegledbed  the  "mttfei,  eith« 
to  defcrve  or  expcft  any  great  repuUtion  af 
as  a  poet.**  Whether  he  has  negle^^ed  thf 
mufes  or  no^  wc  cannot  take  upon  us  tp 
iay,  but  lihis  wc  may  (ife\y  affirm,  tha^ 
they  ha^e  (hewn  no  great  affedion  for  him  $ 
and  we  miyalfo  fafcly  adirm,  let  his  ex* 
pedtalioas  of  applaufe  be  what  i|iey  wiU, 
his  title  to  it  is  as  tnfling  at  any  ona 
icri bier's  within  the  bills  of  mortality.  Mr. 
Kenrick  indeed,  fays  *'  that  he  hath  ever 
fet  I'j  little  ftore  by  his  poetical  performances, 
as  to  be  now  able  to  procure  copes  cf  but  few 
p;  tbofcy  wrhich  have  occanonaJly  dropt 
from  his  pen  '*  In  this  we  think  he  wai 
perfcftiy  right,  for  his  poetical  pcrformancea 
9$  he  prefumptuoufly  calls  his  intoUer^bls 
tra(h,  were  always  too  dcfpicaUe  far  any 
body's  attention,  and  we  are  heartily  forry. 
that  he  ever  preferved  a  fingle  line  Of 
them  for  the  in(pe£lion  of  a  fenfit^le  public, 
f  We  have  received  Mr.  Narris's  letter, 
which  we  thinlc  is  not  reoiarkable  either 
for  candor  or  decency,  and  till  he  bring* 
fomething  more  fyhftantial  than  bare  afer- 
tion  to  invalidate  oar  opinion  of  the  perfoi> 
mance  he  has  mentiojied,  we  muft  retain 
our  fentiments  in  regard  to  the  merit  of 
that  wprk.J 


npH  E  new  vdunea  of  Dr.  Swift*i  corref. 

X     pemdutn,  jot  p»bli&ed  uadorthe  title 

«lX<t»rrf  nSulUt  among  aany  Mher  in- 

l0«*uigMMi,  afibod  Che  two  loUotnug,  to 

LETTER    LXXXTll. 
Lord  B  to  Dr.  Swift. 

**  De^  D^an,   Cirencefter,  1 3  Sept.  I7||. 

THOUGFl  you  never  anfwcr  any  ot  gay 
ktten,  and  I  can  never  have  a  line  frooi  you 
tacjppc  in  parliament  time  about  an  In  Hi  cauie, 
f  ^  iniift  that  without  delay  you  give  me 
cicber  bf  youiclf  or  agears  iaunsdiaK  fatis- 
Carina  in  fhcie  points.  Fitft,  whether  chat 
article  which  1  read  in  the  news  about  one 
B«rlrr  a  (booting  pariba  be  true  or  not  i  fk- 
amdlj,  whether  he  has  yet  bcfged  pardoQ, 
and  atcdUd  opon  oath  that  it  was  without 
deign,  mod  by  accidcot  that  the  g«u  went 
oft  la  caie  the  h/St  be  true,  and  that  he 
has  Boc  yet  made  any  fufficient  or  reaioAaUe 
c«cu^,  I  reqaire  of  you  tbat  yon  4^  isama- 
£attly  get  fi»ae  able  painter  m  draw  his 
ftBttat  Mwi  (end  it  over  to  me,  and  I  will 
•rdcr  a  great  nomber  «f  prima  to  be  made 
9f  it,  which  flail  be4irpcr(ed  aver  ail  parts  af 
tb«  kwMrn  wotU,  that  fuch  a  worthleit  raf 
cal  auj  aoc  90  any  where  wiihoat  being 
ka«wa,  I  make  no  dmibc  of  bis  bdng  im- 
mcAMttlf  drove  out  af  Ireland,  fucb  a  brutal 
toemtfi  wpon  the  Drapier  cannot  be  bjrae 
^crc  I  and  he  won't  vanturc  into  £n|lavd 
vhen  thsfe  pciats  of  hta  pccfoa  are  /ent  aHont, 
kr  he  mmtd  uxti^alf  ha  MoocM  cui  tha 

Jcb.  176I. 


bead  in  the  firft  village  he  pafles  thrrtogh* 
Perhaps  he  oMy  think  to  ikulk  in  HoUani, 
Che  comman  refuge  of  all  icoundrels  ;  but 
he  will  toon  And  out  chat  doctor  Swuft  (for 
io  thejr  proaouisce  vhs  name)  is  in  great 
cfteem  there,  for  hie  learning  and  political 
]«mtiii|S.  la  France-  he  would  meet  whh 
worie  leoepttoo)  for  his  wit  is  rell(he4 
there,  aad  many  af  hit  traAi  though  fpoiM 
by  traaflatiao,  aee  yet  more  admired  thaft 
what  it  writ  by^  any  among  themlblveo. 
Should  he  go  into  Spain,  be  would  iind  tiu^ 
Doa  Suifro  is  in  the  higheft  eftimation,  bt" 
ing  thought  to  be  lineftlty  dct'cended  rro^ 
Miguel  de  Cervantes  by  a  daughter  of  Qea- 
vedo's.  Perhaps  he  may  chio4c  00  be  faft  ih  Po^ 
land  during  ihe  time  af  tbcfe  troublec  j  buti 
.can  aflure  him,  from  the  mouth  of  a  Polifli 
lady,  wiro  was  lately  In  London,  by  name 
Madam  ds  Monmorancy  (for  ihe  wae  ma)^ 
tied  ta  a  Fiaaoh  geatleaan  of  that  greit 
family)  that  |>r:  Swift  ii  patfoaiy  well 
known  there  $  and  4ha  was  very  ToJicitous  to 
know  whether  he  were  a  Staaiflaitt  or  nor, 
(be  being  a  aealont  partisan  for  that  taule; 
-  Now  if  4his  brute  of  a  parfon  ibouid  find 
BO  frcuffity  in  fiarape,  afld  tharefore  flip  into 
the  Eaft-Indiet  in  iatne  Durch  fliip,  4in  a 
Outohoian  may  be  found  who  would  carry 
the  devil  for  alHveror  two  extraordinary, 
he  would  be  confoundedly  farpHzed  to  fijU 
that  Or.  swift  is  knbwn  in  China,  and  that 
■  neat  10  Confueioi  Ms  wfitmgs  are  in  the 
greateft  e^eem.  Tbt  miffionaries  have 
'«ran(1ate4  kuttl  fiotoptaji  books  into  thehr 
P  language 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ru 


LETTERS     FROM 


Feb; 


laagatge  but  I  am  well  informed  tbat  noae  of 
fhem  hive  Uken  fo  well  at  hisj  an4  the 
Chioeie,  who  are  a  verf  lagenious  people, 
Teckoa  Sif  the  only  author  worth  res^dtngt 
ft  £9  well  known  that  in  Periia  Koali-Can 
wat  at  the  paina  to  tr^nAate  hit  works  bim- 
felf  s  bemg  bora  a  Scotfman,  he  i^nderltood 
them  very  well  and  I  am  oredibly  ioformed 
that  he  lead  The  battle  of  the  booki  the 
night  before  he  gave  tbat  great  defeat  to  the 
Perfian  army.  }f  he  heart,  of  this,  he 
nay  imagine  tbat  he  fball  find  |oqd  re- 
ception at  Conftaminople  ;  but  he  will  be  bit 
there ;  for  many  years  agp  an  Englifh  rene* 
^ado  ilaTc  tranllared  Efiendi  Soif  for  them^ 
and  told  th«tm  it  was  writ  by  an  Englilbmani 
with  a  deiign  to  introduce  the  Mahometan 
relfgion ;,  thia  having  got  him  hit  liberty, 
9pd  although  it  is  not  believed  by  the  EfTendiy 
the  book  and  the  author  are  in  the  greateft 
«fteem.  amongft  them.  Ii^'  he  goet  into 
America,  he  will  not  be  received  into  an^ 
'Englifb,  FreQch,  or  Spaniih  fettlement;  (o 
that  in  all  probability  he  would  be  foon  fcalpt 
i>7  the  wild  Ind'ans;  and  in  truth  there 
vould  be  no  manner  of  ftame  that  a  head 
ftould  be  uncovered  that  hat  fo  little  braint 
-In  it*  Brutality  and  ill-nature  proceed  from 
the  want  of  fenfe^  and  therefore  without 
paving  ever  heard  of  him  before,  I  can 
decide  what  be  is,  from  this  Angle  action. 
Now  I  really  believe  bo  layman  could  have 
.done  («ch  a  thing.  The  wearing  petti- 
coats gives  to  moft  of  the  clei^  (a  few  only 
excepted  of  fuperior  anderftsunding)  certain 
ieminiae  difpofitions.  They  are  com- 
jDonly  fubjed^  tq  malice  and  envy,  and  give 
jQore  free  veat  to  tbofe  paflionsi  pofliUy 
for  the  fame  roaf^^n  that  women  are  obferv- 
«d  to  do  fo,  bteanie  they  cannot  be  called  to 
•ccount  for  it.  ¥^en  one  does  a  brutal 
aAioQ  to  another,  he  may  have  hit  head 
broke,  or  be  wbipt  through  the  lungs ;  but 
«{1  who  wear  petticoats  are  iecore  from  fuch 
accidents.  Now  to  avoid  further  trouble, 
1  hope  by  this  time  hit  gown  is  ftrtpt  off  hit 
b^ck  and  the  boys  of  Dublin  have  drawn 
him  through  a  borfe-pond.  Send  me  ao 
account  of  this,  and  I  ft  all  be  iatisfied. 
Adieu,'  dear  dean ;  I  am  got  to  the  end  of 
iny  paper,  hot  you  may  be  afl^red  tbat  my 
regard  for  you  fliall  on|Y  end  with  the  \iA 
bt^tb  of  yoMr  faithful  iervant. 

LETTER    XCI?;. 

LofJ  B toJh-,  Swift. 

$  I  R,  Bath,  Nov.  axy  17  5. 

T  H  A  V  £  been  waiting  for  an  opportoaity 
'-  to  wrire  to  yot«  with  (afety,  becaufe  I 
had  a  mind  to  do  it  with  freedom  $  and  par- 
ticularly to  cxplain^you  what  i  meant,  when 
I  told  you  fome  time  ago,  that  I  wasalnioft 
\\:cd  with  (boggling  to  no  p^rpofe  againft 
univer(iU  corruption.  I  am  now  at  tbe  Batk, 
where  there  are  at  prefect  many  Irifli  fami- 
liei^  and  ti^ough  I  hA^t  «s^«^of  U^m 


all,  if  any  gentleman  or  fervant  was  re- 
returning  thither,  yet  I  can  hear  of  noncj, 
fo  that  I  am  fbrced,  if  I  write  at  all,  to 
fruft  my  letter  by  the  common  poft.    No- 
thing it  more  certain  than  that  tbis  letfer 
will  be  opened  there,  the  rafcali  of  th^i 
office  have  moft  infamous  direflioas  to  do  it 
upoi?  all  o^cafions  j  but  they  would  every 
man  of  them  be  turned  Qut,  if  a  letter  of 
mine  to  yon,  (hould  efcape  their  ihtoition. 
I  am  thinking  what  the  miniften  may  gc^ 
by  their  peeping ;  why  if  1  (^eak  my  mind 
i«ry  plainly,  they  may  difcover  twothitigs; 
one  it,  that  I  have  a  very  great  regard  for 
you ;  the  other  that  I  have  a  very  great 
contempt  for  them  ;  and  in  every  thing  I   ' 
fa^  or  do,  ftiU  fct  them  at  defiance.    Thefe 
things,   if  they  did  not  know  before,  thev 
are  very  welcome,  to  find  out  nowj  and  t 
am  determined  in  fome  «thcr  ppintj  like- 
wife,  to  fpeak  my  mind  very  plainly  to  you, 
You  muft  know  then,    that  when  I  faid  I 
grew  weary  qf  contending  with  corruption,  1 
nevermeant  abfolutely  to  withdraw  myfelf 
from  parliament  {  perhaps  I  may  not  flackeii 
eveh  my  perfbnal  oppofrtion  to  the  wicked 
meafures  of  the  adminiOration,  but  really 
I  find  my  health  begins  to  require  (bme  at- 
tention,   and  I  labotnr  under  a  diftemper 
which  the  long  fittings  in  parliament  by  uo 
ways  agree  with.     When  Mr.  Faulkner 
delivered  me  your  former  letter  (for  I  hare 
jfmce  had  one  fent*me  hither  by  Mr,  Pope) 
I  wat  iuft  got  up  from  my  bed,  where  I  had 
lai(»  the  whole  night  in  moft  exceffive  tor* 
ture,  with  a  violent  fit  of  the  gravel.    >I 
was  not  able  to  write  you  any  anfwer  by 
him,  who  wat  to  depart  in  two  days,  and 
ever  fince  I  have  been  at  this  place  drinl^ng 
Use  waters,  in  hopes  thev  may  be  of  feryice 
to  me.    B^fidei  this  or  my    ^11   ftate    of 
health,  I   am  convinced  that  our  confti- 
totioA  it  already  gone,   and  we  are  idly 
ftruggling  to.  maintain,  what  in  truth  has 
been  k>tig  loft^  like  fome  fools  here,  witX 
gout  and  pajfiet    at   fourfcpre    years  old, 
drinking  the  watert   in  hopes  of   health 
again.    If  this  was  not  our  cafe,  and  tbat 
the  people  are  already  in  cffcft  Havet,  wouh 
it  have  been  polRble  for  the  fame  mini  ft  cr, 
who  had   projected  the  exclfe  fcheme  (he 
fore  the  heats  it  had  orcafioned  in  the  tia 
tion  were  well  laid)  to  have  chofen  a   ncy 
oarliament  again  exaOly  to  hia  mind  ?  aoi< 
^ugh  perhaps  not  ahog^her  fo  ftrong    ii 
numbers,  yet^  as  well  difpofed  in  general  t 
his  pui^fes  as  he  could  wi(h,  hit  mafler, 
doubt,  it  not  fo  much  beloved,  ac  I  could  wU 
he  was ;  the  minifter,  I  am  fure,  i«  as  mttx^ 
hated,  and  deteAed  aa  ever  man  was»  and  -ye 
I  fay  a  new   parliament  was  chofen   of  tV 
ftamp  that  wat  defired,  juft  after  bavii: 
failed  In  the  moft  odioua  fcheme   that  cv 
wat   proje^ed.     After  this,    what     hop 
can  there  ever  polfibly  be  of  fuccefs  ?   U 
l^t  |t  '^  iiom,  coafafi9a>  which  Gpd    f< 


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\y&, 


tMdH^ 


19  pr,  s^-«»; 


VS 


m  i  ik^M  U^  to  icc^  la  fknnti  the 
whole  jutipa  ii  lb  abandoQod  and  tomipt. 
tttt  tbe  crown  caA.  never  fail  of  a  majority 
U  both  hoeiet  sf  parliament ;  be  makes 
tkea  afl  ia  one  hotiie^  and  he  chafes  above 
£iffia  tbe«dier.  Foar  and  twenty  bi(bops 
tad  iattca  Scatph  lords,  is  a  terrible  vreifht 
U  ooc  I  forty-five  html  one  cdtantiy,  be# 
fides  tbe  weft  of  EogUad,  and  all  the  go- 
WBuaeat  boroughs,  is  a  dreadful  ntuttier  • 
ia  ttkc  other.  Were  his  majefty^  in- 
ciised  co-morrow  to  declare  his  body-cbach- 
aua  his  firft  miaifter,  it  would  do  juft  ai 
wdl  aad  the  wheels  of  govemalent  would 
aiove  as  eafiiy  as  they  do  with  the  fagaciovs 
ddw,  who  Aow  fiu  in  the  box.  Parts  and 
sbiUtifs  are  aot  in  the  leaft  wanting  to  con- 
i*£t  afRsirs  i  the  coachaua  knows  how  to 
find  ^s  cattle,  and  the  other  feeds  the 
beafts  ia  J^is  fervace,  and  this  is  all  the  (kill 
tbac  is  necefl^  in  eithet  cafet  Are  no^ 
dieie  6ii£eiem  dlMculties  and  difcourage- 
aeats,  if  there  were  no  others,  and  would 
say  man  ftruggie  again^  corruption,  w£en 
ke  knows,  that  if  he  is  ever  near  defeating 
kf  thofe  who  make  ufe  of  it,  only  double 
t3ie  dole,  and  carry  all  their  points  farther, 
aad  with  a  higher  hand^  than  perhaps  they 
a;  firft  inuadedt  ^cfides  all  this,  I  have 
b^  particolar  ausfoTtoaes  And  difappoint- 
laeats :  I  hsd  a  very  near  relation  of  great 
abilities,  who  was  my  fellOw  hboorei-  in  the 
pubb'c  canfe:  He  is  gone)  I  loved  and 
efteeased  him  much,  and  perhaps  uilhed  to 
iu  him  one  day  Serving  his  country  in  iome 
EoooBxible  Action  :  No  man  was  more  ca> 
P^hlt  of  doing  it,  nor  had  better  intentions 
ht  the  public  fervice  than  him'cl';  and  t 
ihay  truly  &y,  that  the  many  mortifications 
h^  mu  with,  ia  tea  or  twelve  years  flruggling 
m^rCameor,  was  the  occafiun  of  his  death* 
Ihtve'lcft  I'kew.fe  the  Irucft  friend,  I  may 
ahtcft  fay  feo  ar.t, '  that  ever  man  had,  in 
llr.'  Mcxrili  he  und  rftood  the  courfe  of 
the  r.tetiuei,  and  the  public  account^  of  the 
kiofLom  as  wcl),  perhaps  better,  than  any 
man  In  It,  aad  in  this  rcfpc£l  he  Wis  of  fin- 
gsiar  uic  to  me  :  It  it  utterly  imp  S\h\c  for 
me  Co  gn  through  the  drudgery  by  myfdf$ 
which  1  ufied  to  do  ejOly  with  tiis  ailiftance, 
aad  herein   it  is  that   oppo^tion  galls  the 

fliQn* 

TheCt  fevers]  matters  I  have  eiitimerated 
J02  will  allow  to  be  fome  difcourageraents  j 
het  arverthclefs,  when  the  time  comes, 
I  believe  you  will  find  me  acting  tb^  fame 
part  X  have  erer  done,  and  Which  I  am 
iuve  (atisfied  wiih  rayfelf  for  having  d^nc, 
fciKc  my  €Oiidu£t  has  nltt  With  your  appfo- 
kaiioo  :  and  give  me  leave  to  rrtura  you  my 
lacefe  thanks  for  the  many  kind  cx;^rcinv)ns 
d'joar  friend  (hi  p^  which  I  crtctm  a  1  ought, 
■ad  will  cndeavoor  to^  dcfcrVi  as  well  as  I 
i-ta-  Y^  enquire  a'^ter  BoJingbroke,  and 
*^tt  he  willreturd  frcm  Prance.    It  be 

♦  L0rd  BSn^hroke't 


had  lifteaed  toy#iir  adffldnitiqot  and  chid*, 
sags  about  economy,  he  need  xiever  hard 
gone  thei«  \  hot  isow  I  fancy  he  will  feared 
return  frofn  thence,  t<U  an  old  gi  ntleman, 
but  a  very  htle  one,  f  leafcs  to  dye  ♦.     I 
fcave  fern  fcveral  of  your  letters  on  friiga^ 
lity  to  oor.poor  fticnd  John  Gay  (who  needed 
tkeni  dot)  but  tttife  patriot|fih  cad  have  no 
other  foundation.     When  I  fee  lords  of  the 
gfeateft  eftatas^  meanly,  ftoopiag  to  take  a 
ditty  penfion,    |>ecaufe  they  waat~a  -little;, 
ready    money  for  their   extravagajicies,    t 
tanoot  help  wifliing  Xo  fe^  fome  papers  wrir 
by  you,  that  may,  if  poflible  fttine-^them 
out  6f  it.     Thif  is  ttie  only  thing  can  re^ 
cover  our  cotiftitution^  an^  reftore  honeft^F^ 
vj  have  of^ten  tnought  tiiatif  ten  or  a  dozeii 
patriots,  who  are  known  to  be  rich  enoogfiL 
to  nave  ten  difbei   every    day   for  dinner^ 
would  invite  their  friends  duly  to  two  or 
Uiree,  it  might  perhaps  fbame  thofe^  who 
cannot  afford  twO|  froni  having  conftamly 
ten,  and  fo  it  would  he  in  ever^  other  cir^ 
ciimf^ance  of  life  :  Bbt  luxury  is  biir  ruin*' 
This  grave   ftnff'that  I  have  written)  looki 
like  preaching,  bGc  I  may  venttire  to  fay*«o 
^U,  it  is  nbt,  for  I  fpeak  fVom^  the  fincerif^ 
iy  of  mr  heart.     We  arc   told  a  peace  if 
made !  If  it  be  true>  1  a£n  fatisfitd  oiir  mini* 
fiers  did  not  fo  mtich  as  know  of  th^  ncgo* 
tiation  :  The,  articles.  Which  are  the  dHzn" 
fible  oncs^  are  better  than  could  be  expaft* 
ed,  but  I  doubt  the^  are  fome  fecret  oneSp. 
that  may  coft  us  deur,  >nd  lam  futly  con* 
rincpdthe  fear  of  thcfc  will  ferniih  taf 
mlniftcrs   a   bretence    for  not  reducing'  a 
fingle  man  of  our  appy.    t  have  juft  fooxji 
to  tcU  you  a  ridicijl<ius  ftory  that  has  happap* 
ed  here.    In  the  dioccfc  of  Wells  th^  bi/Hop, 
and  his  chanceUor  have  (quarrelled  :^    The 
confequence  has   b«en,  the  bifhop  ha^  tx« 
COtnoMinvtated  thb  chancellor,   and   he  ja 
return  has  «%opmmgnicated  the  tWo'  afch-^ 
deacons.  A  vTfitatlon  of  the  clergy  wa5j  ap« 
pointed;  t^c  b^Hiop  not  being  able  to    gtf 
h.imfcif,   dire^ed  his   archdeacons  to  viAt 
for  him.     The   chancellor  alleges  from  the 
coAfiitution    of    him,    this  cannot  be,    anf 
that  the  bi(hop  can  delegate  his  power   tdT 
nobody  b\2t  himfelf:  fo  that  probably  alt 
the  clergy  who  attend  on  the  chancellor  wiU 
be  cxC6mmunicate't  by  the  biihop,    and  alL 
who  obey  the  ofders  of    the  archdeaconf; 
Will  be  excommunicated  by  the  chanccllof. 
Th.-  bifbcp  in  the  cathcdfsil,  when  the  fcO-; 
tencc  of  excommunication  wa$  going  to  btf 
read,  fent   for  it,  and  tore  it  in  the  open 
chuVch  j  the  chancellor  afterwards  affixed 
it  on  the  chotch  doofs. '   There  arc  a  great 
many  more  v^ry   tidicUlous  circuihftan^et 
attending  this  aiTair,  which  I  caonot  wclf 
explain  :   But  upon  a  rererenft  of  the  wholo 
to   my  lord  high  chancellor,  1  am  lold  he' 
has  declared  his   opinion  in  fui^pdrt  of  h£t^ 
brother  chancellor.    I  am  glad  1  have  left 
Pi  n9 

father,  ttrd  St,  Job9^  ^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tl 


$         ne  M6NfHLY'CHRON(5LOGER. 


•l^el 


Btf  fpace  to  put  itay  name  Yd  tlie  bottom  of  IM  wkert  I  afllircyou  no  mm  cm  be  wit 
iny  letter  j  after 'feme,  things  I  have  faid  it  more  fin^ortty  and  regard  than  1  am^  yoc 
may  be  improper^  txi^  I  am  fure  it  is  need-     cdoft  obedient  humble  fervtnt. 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


FiifiAY,  Jan.  z^\ 
^^ItVf  I S  majefty  garc  the  royal  affent 
^^^^^rt  to  the  following  1)in« : 

The  bill  to  cojitintie  and 
I  amend  an  a^  for  allowrog  the 
froe  importation  of  falted  beef, 
pork,  bicon,  and  butter,  from 
Ireland^  for  a  limited  time,  and  for  allowing^ 
the  free  importation  of  (alced  beef,  pork, 
butter,  and  bKOn/'frtmi  the  Brittfh  domi- 
nioni  in  America,  for  a  limited  time. 

The'  bill  to  enable  hit  majefty  to  licenfe  ar 
i^lay  houfe  in  the  eity  of  Bath. 

'And  to  Aich  other  private  bith  at  were 
j^dy. 

SAftJ^DjT,    50. 

•  ^The  biftop  of  Peterborough  preached  be- 
fore the  houfe  of  Lords,  in  the  Abbey  church, 
Weftminfter,  froni  JamCI  iii.  16.  And  Dr. 
Sdflton,  in  St.  Margeret*!,  before  the  Com- 
niont,  from'^itus  ill,  i. 

TuiSDAt,  Feb.  2; 
Three  hoafei  were  tonfumcd  i)y  fire,  on 
9Aow  Hill^  andfeveral-dafttaged. 

*  Thursday,  4. 

''An  houfe  was  con(umcd  by  fire,  In  Plough 
4leya  Moorfieldi, 

Monday,  ^. 
"  Count    dc    Chatclet,     ambafTador    from 
France,  had  his  firft  private  audience  of  the 

TUUBAY,   9. 

Tour  old  houfea  in  Oeorge  Yard,  Water 
Lane,  Fketftreet,  fell  down,  and  three  per- 
ions  were  killed. 

WXDNESDAY,    lO. 

Tijoiothy  Crawley,  and  Patrick  Swioney, 
were  executed  at  Tyburn  (See  p.  5a.)  Tur- 
ner, Domine^  Hart,  Caley,  Hamilton,  Mlt- 
thener,  and  Davis,  were  reprieved, 

Tv^SDAY,   16. 

^  Aftey  a  trial  of  feveral  houra  before  the 
Lord  Chief  Juftice  WiUnot*  the  will  of  the 
nte  Sir  Thomas  Clarke,  mafter  of  the  rolls, 
was  confirmed  j  but  hia  copyhold  efbte,  be* 
ing  fome  inclofed  grounds  on  Hampftead* 
Heath,  was  adjudged  to  belong  to  the  heir 
it  law,  who  dearly  made  out  his  affinity. 

!  WXDNXSDAY,   24. 

'  Hit  majefty  gave  the  royal  affent  to  the 
ibUowiog  bills : 

[^  The  bill  foe  further  regulating  the  pro- 
ttedings  of  the  united  company  of  merchants 
trading  to  the  Kaft  ladies,  with  refpefl  to 
making  of  dividends.— For  the  better  regula- 
tion of  his  ma]efty*s  marine  forces  whHe  on 
%()re-^or  the  xnocc  f^edy  and  ei^e^al 


thnfportatien  of  fetoai — For  ffanting  so  m 
to  hia  majefty  for  difbanding  the  army,  an 
other  neceifary  oceafiom,  as  relate  to  th 
number  of  tronpa  kept  open  the  Irilk  cfti 
bKfhment— for  providing  proper  accommoda 
tlont  for  his  majcfty*t  jsAicea  of  the  grei 
fei^nt  in  Walct ,  during  the  time  of  hoMIn 
fnch  feifiona— For  rebuilding  amd  enlargin 
the  common  goal  of  the  city  and  coanty  < 
Coventry  \  and  for  appointing  a  place  fm  th 
ctilody  of  prifeoers  in  the  mean  thite— F4 
more  effectually  fbpplying  the  town  of  Hal: 
ftx  with  water,  &c.~-For  makiflg  an 
building  a  convenient  Erchaoge  hi  the  cii 
df  GUfgow,  for  enlaTging  St.  Andrew 
ehurch-yard,  and  for  building  a  bridge  ov« 
illc  river  Clyde,  ftc.-^For  enlightemnf 
paving,  cleanfing  the  ftreetf,  and  for  bettc 
regulating  the  nightly  watch  and  beadlea 
and  for  regulating  the  poo-  of  the  parilh  c 
St.  Mary  le  Bohe  in  the  county  of  Nflddle 
f^x— For  making  and  matntatning  a  navigs 
ble  cot  or  canal  fTom  Birmingham  to  Bilftoi 
and  for  making  collateral  cuts  and  waggo 
ways  frtm  fevrral  coal  mines,  and  for  con 
tinuing  the  faid  canal  to  Autherley,  there  1 
communicate  with  the  canal  now  makic 
betareen  the  rivers  Tient  and  Severn. 

And  to  fOch  road  and  tncloAire  blUb  a 
were  then  ready* 

Four  cAO'.'es  virere  tried  at  Cuildhill,  Lou 
don,  by  fpecial  juries,  before  the  Right  Nor 
Sir  EaMley  Wilmot,  knt.  chief  jufticc  of  th 
Court  of  Common  Pleav,  wherein  b;t%n 
iherchants  vrere  plaintiftSi,  and  the  hoc 
James  Murray,  ECq;  late  governor  of  Q^e 
bee,  was  defendant,  for  reeoferi^g  divei 
fums  of  money  levied  by  way  of  duties  udo 
iplrits  imported  1  When  after  a  full  heann 
which  Ufted  feveril  hduis,  verdi^b  wer 
given  for  the  feveral  pUintilft  for  1l\X  fuel 
duties  as  had  been  ifnpoH^d  by  the*  defendan 
over  and  above  the  French  dutia^  togethe 
with  damages  and  cofts  of  fuit* 

An  houfe  has  been  conTumed  by  fire,  a 
Rogues-well,  Stepney. 

The  following  remarkable  iJiereaTe  fro4i 
a  fingle  pea  may  be  depended  on  as  faA  :> 
Mr.  Abraham  Cock,  farmir  of  Grove,  ncs 
Caftle-Cary  in  Yorkfliirc,  fet  fome  kidaey 
beans  laft  Teafon  3  at  the  end  of  one  of  th 
rows  his  daughter  fet  a  white  pea,  which  h 
propt  up  with  a  {lick  \vh(in  it  grew,  as  h 
did  his  beans  }  as  they  ripened  he  gatherc 
them,  and  the  produce  was  Z176,  befidc 
two  kids  gathered  when  green  \  and  as  th 
rcil  had-eight  la  a^kid,  thcle  if  left  to  riper 

woul 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1^        y**  WONTML^^  GHRONOLOCER.  Iijr 


«mM  iMve  linAt  tbe  piMhKe^  to  be  1^90 
yeas. 

Hi»  tiia)e%'s  vankm  k  ^rotnUe*  to  ftsf 
Me  of  the  o/tendirt  who  Omil'  at  Miy  tiiM 
bwedftcjr  be  fuilff  of  coftiot  to  fiMtt  aoy 
ilk,  atcttfil*^  or  OMtcrialt  of  the  ftlk  iB«* 
n^aures,  on  diftorery  of  dkeir  atocott* 
paces* 

A  large  body  of  fifiugglofv  lunriiig  fliur* 
dixed  Peter  Haflif,  tide-furv«yor  of  Yat- 
ritoeth  port,  aad  daflgaroofty  woadded  ievc« 
ral  odier*,  wbo  had  ieited  a  kwge  quantity 
of  escifeahlegoodt)  which  the  faid  fniug-' 
f)en  refened  and  carried  oflf  with  theaa  f  hi» 
B^efty't  pardon,  at  n<ual>  i«  offered  for 
taking  the  oflfenden ;  aod  the  comraiflioaert 
^  txKth  ptoisi£e  a  reward  of  one  hundred 
poofldt  fifr  taking  any  of  them. 

A  pnrdon  and  50  \-  reward  are  offered  for 
Ike  appacbendsng  the  deer>Acalera,  who  on 
Jan.  09,  robbed  hl|  maiefty*!  park  at  Wind^ 
hi,  and  Aot  at  one  of  the  kcepertw 

Ssnd£n4*Mili,  near  Abingdon,  hat  been 
casfoflicd  by  fire/  and"  a  lad  pcrifiied  ta  tho 
liwMs  Alio  a  bam,  iUbk»  a  rickof  hay, 
at  Roke^  in  Ozfordihire,  and  a  barn,  cow- 
hnn^  dbc' Arc.  nesr  Hanbory-hall,  in.Wor- . 
cefleiAiyc}  aU  fnppofed  to  be  wilfiiUy  fet  on 
tie. 

Otim4,  Fnh.  t^.   The  Right  Hon.  the 
I»i  of  Lichfield,  chancellor  of  this  uni- 
wnrfity^.Jun  eftabBffied  two  annual  priaet  of 
the  Tthie  of  soi.  each  $  the  one  for  a  copy 
of  EngfjiOr  rerfet,  the  other  for  a  Latin 
difeaation :  and  ^e  fdtowing  are  the  fub- 
jedi  propoied  for  the  prefent  ytit,  ^** 
Tbt  the  BngHJb  verfr, 
Tni  Coi*aoB«T  •'  Qtinic. 
Ftr  tbe  Latim  di/TirtMtkn, 
A«Ttf  PaotvifT  RsrpunLXCJC. 

The  firft  prize  if  intended  for  fuch  gen- 
tle^Kn  of  the  univerficy  at  hare  not  exceed- 
wkhmr  yeaft  from  the  time  of  their  matri- 
cufatien  |  aod  tbe  other  for  fuch  as  hare 
net  compkted  fcven  yeart.  —  The  ex- 
ercifci  are  to  be  fent,  under  a  fealed  cover 
to  the  regifter  of  the  uorverfity,  before  next 
Afeenfion  Day.  The  author  is  reauired  to 
renceal  hit  name,  and  to  diiHngulih  his  com- 
pofition  by  whatever  motto  he  pleafet;  fend- 
ing at  the  £ame  time  hit  name  and  motto 
fealed  up  under  another  cover. —The  exer- 
rifiet  to  which  the  prizes  are  adjudged  are  to 
be  repeated  («fter  a  preriout  rehcarfal)  in 
the  Theatre  upon  the  Commemoration-day, 
immediately  before  the  Orator  Or  Poetry 
riofeflbt's  Crewian  Oration. 

Gloocefter,  Feb.  i.  On  Thorfday  one  of 
te  moft  horrid  inftances  of  barbarity  was 
pcYpetnted  at  Wottoo  Underedge,  in  thil 
caopty,  chat  ever  was  heard  of,  by  one  Sa- 
mod  WaUington,  a  (beerman,  who,  about 
Cn  o'efnck  in  the  morning  left  hit  work  and 
went  home,  and  killed  his  father.  He  firft 
knocked  the  poor  man  down  with  a  hammer, 
Md  afterwnrda  cut  his  head  almoft  off*.    It 


Cisfat  he  hod  fte^«dbtf*m  far  ibaie  iiAe  pai* 
tViaatBoeJ  tor  kill  hia  for  oppoing  hit  incli- 
nttioM  to  marry*  The  uillaio  ofterwaMr 
went  and  toM  what  ke  doner  to  inmo  of 
hie  neighhourt,  and  he  wat  troaiadittip 
apffthended  and  oommictad  to  aor  oallle« 

Ifnaanfe  damage  hat  been  faftaiaad  bf 
the  floods  at  BaroOey,  Ripoo,  Leedt,  Staitht» 
and  ochat  partt  af  Yorkihiie  and  the  North. 

Siaiahs,  Jan.  19.  We  have  had  the  graakt 
ak  fuantity  oi  haddocks  takan  upon  thia 
coaft.  that  hat  been  known  fof  manyyaaity 
which  has  givaa  gioat  relief  to  the  paor,  ift 
tbeiiB  times  when  proviiona  are  lo  featce  and 
deAr«  ^  In  this  place  ate  thirty-three  cobles^ 
or  6(hing  boats,  each  of  which  have  brought 
io,  upon  an  aretsge^  (or  three  weeka  toga* 
ther,  thirty  tone  a  day  (at  faortean  pounds  to 
the  Aone)  which  amounts  in  the  whole  ta 
178x0  ftaoa{  and  allowing  three  ftonu  of 
fiih  wtllaf&rA  aa  much  nourtDinaant  as  ono 
ftaoe  of  baaf,  this  qnaality  wM  be  a^ual  to 
504oAoiieof  bea^  or  aiaetf*nioc  fat  oxen 
of  Hxty  ftone  a  piece;  and  allowing  the  kmi^ 
pfaponion  to  Robin  Haod*t  tay,  and  RunT- 
laick,  tka  flrft  of  which  I  reckon  e^oal  to 
Siaithty  aod  tha  achar  one  third  of  it,  chafe 
these  ptaeet  muft  hate  iuppticd  the  country 
with  fiib  at  about  a  fartkiog  a  pound,  cquU 
in  quantity  at  laaR  to  231  fat  cattle  of  the 
Aore  weight. 

^Extraff  •/  41  Letter fiom  Alnwick^  Feb.  S«  ' 
:  '<  SooM  wcokt  ago  the  foUowtng  edd  afl^ir 
happened  at  Hunting-halt,  near  Haggerftoae  t 
A  oow  belonging  to  a  gentleman  of  that 
place  was  aflb^£ad  wi(h  a  semarkable  fweMiof 
in  her  body,  which  by  hia  aocount  moft  havo 
ieon  proved  fatal )  iut  according  to  cuAom  in 
iiscb  oales,  ha  mads  a  fmaU  kcifi^n  with  hlo 
penkntfs  between  t%vo  of  the  ihort  ribf^ 
tirom  whence  idiied  (Wh  a  rapid  flseam  of 
air,  that  it  pot  out  a  candle  ae  a  yard  dif- 
tMco  from  Iho  orifice.  The  eandle  wat  im- 
mediately lighted,  aad  in  order  to  try  the  of- 
Mt  a  l^cond  time,  was  held  about  ftftocn 
or  fiflOeeo  inches  from  the  ground,  which 
inftantaoeoofly  ftt  ftreto  the  air,  and  it*a 
tSt&.t  proved  fimilar  to  that  in  a  eoal  mine} 
the  fkme  aKo  went  agatnft  tbe  ftream,  and 
fst  Are-  ta  the  hair  about  the  errfke,  and 
finged  the  part  considerably  before  it  could  bo 
extinguished.  The  cow  immediately  reco- 
feted.  As  the  above  is  well  alte(ted,  by  the  * 
perfon  who  performed  tbe  operation,  it  af-^ 
fords  piaiter  of  fpeculation  for  the  naturaljf^s 
to  account  for  fo  ftraoge  a  phsnomenon.*^ 
(See  page  rS.) 

On  Jan.  18,  a  fhock  of  an  earthquake^ 
was  frit  at  M.-ld,  in  FHntihire. 

Storms  and  floodrhave  done  much  damagjc^ 
and  greaily  retarded  the  po't,  in  Scotland. 
Bxtrad  9f  a  Lttttrfibmtbt  tfertb  of  lrcUnd» 
fan.  11* 

During  the  bte  fevere  fnow  in  thefe  partf, 
upwards  of  five  hundred  (heep  belonging  to 
one  fasmer,  were  entirely  buried  by  the  rio* 

lent 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


"tli 


MARftiAdts  dMd  tmrnti 


Ikb, 


Itot  Mb  in  the  filleTi.  What  ti-  ^Mgf 
f»rplrxfinf«  opon  the  mtltiiig  ef  tbe  iavw* 
which  was  not  till  ten  dtys  •r  a  Ibrtiright 
afitr,  they  ware  all  fooai  alii^  b«c  iift 
a4c«p»  and  what  it  fufthtr  remarkaUcy  thef 
were  all  in  moch  better  condition  than  be« 
fort  the  accident  happened.  Thie  may  af* 
i^td  a  qoefifon  not  incoriout  for  the  natnra* 
lifit.  It  it  well  known  in  refpeA  to  other 
porta  of  animal  life,  that  deep  hat  the  ef- 
itA  of  nutrition ;  and  at  to  many  of  thetll 
we  certainly  know  that  they  exift  merely 
hj  deep  for  one  half  of  the  year.  What  « 
iifcovery  may  this  prove  to  the  faftner? 
"Whether  he  happen!  to  be  ihort  of  gnUs. 
or  can  not  get  at  what  he  hat  for  (how,  he 
hat  nothing  to  do  but  taraife  a  hill  of  it 
over  hit  Aock,  and  let  them  fleep  it  ont.** 
SxtrsB  of  M  Later  f rum  Dublin,  Feb.  13. 
<<  On  Wednefday  the  Hon.  Houfe  of  Com- 
mont  waited  upon  hit  excellency  the  loifd 
lieutenant,  with  a  moft  dutiful  addreft  to  hia 
majefty,  and  the  following  addreft  to  hia 
excellency : 

To  hit  excellency  George  lord  vifcoont 
Towniheod,  lord  lieutenant  general  and 
general  governor  of  Ireland>  the  humble 
nddreft  of  the  knighti,  citisenty  and 
hufgeiTet,  in  parliament  a/lettibM. 

May  it  pleafe  vour  excellency» 
•»  WE,  >is  majcfty't  mo^  dutiful  and 
loyal  fubje^s,  the  commont  or  Ireland,  in 
parliament  alTembled,  think  it  incumbent 
on  ut  to  Uftify  our  grateful  fenfe  of  your" 
excellency*seff'e^ualendeavourt  in  favour  of 
the  bill  for  limiting  the  duration  of  parlia«* 
menttinthit  kingdom. 

It  is  with  the.higheil  fatisfaAioa  we  re» 
fled,  that  the  aurpicioua  reign  of  our  pa^ 
triot  fovcreign  hat  been  diftinguidied  by  the 
return  of  a  bill  fo  eflcntial  to  the  confti* 
ttttion,  and  to  the  advancement  of  the  pro* 
taflant  religion  in  thit  country.  And  we 
congratulate  your  excellency  upon  an  event 
which  muft  ^^^  a  luftre  to  your  admini- 
flratioo,  and  remain  as  a  monument  to  pof- 
terity  of  the  difintereflednefs  and  indepen* 
dency  of  this  houfe.** 

Grtat  rejoicings  have  been  made  at  Dub- 
lin, and  in  all  parts  of  Ireland,  on  the  re« 
turn  of  the  above  mentioned  bill. 


Marriages  tfWBraTHs. 


n 


FT  I S    Excellency    Sir    George 


Feb.  I.    

Macartney  was  married  to  la- 
Jane  Stewart,  fecond  dauglxer  of  the  earl 
vi  iutc-  2.  David  Price,  Efq}  to  Mift  For 
—  26.  Lord  Beauchamp,  to  the  hon.  Milt 
Windfor,  daughter  of  tJio  lite  lord     Lately^ 

^ofcph  Herring,  Efq}  to  Mifi  Sallv  Allaa- 
y— Alexander  Wrod,  Efqj  to  Mils  Momx 
bray— William  Phillimorr,  TSqi  to  Mri. 
Burr^James  Price,  Efq;  to  MifsFludyer— r 
Ja^es  Kifumj  Ei'^j  to  M%{%  CsroUne  Jelft^ 


JbUrt  Mioe,  B^  tol^lloic^  Mi  of 

9kropfliire,  with  a  Ibrtune  of  50,000!.-^ 
Lord  Oema  Siittoiit  tft  Miia  Mary  Peart^* 
Hcwitti  Vfy  m  Bliis  Dyer  tefhter  of  Ui« 
late  poet  of  that  name-Eaiiof  Hom^  to 
i€i6  l|aih%— Codhard  Taakim^,  ££» 
to  Midi  Simpron— John  Jean,  ti^  to  MUg 
Baker<^Sir  Jamet  Ibbetftn,  ^art*  te  Mifit 
Gaygilli  daughter  and  heir  of  Mr.  jdbn  Cay « 
sill,  of  HaUifax  mcfchant-EarT  of  MUl- 
town^  to  Mifii  French,  of  Oakport,  in  Rof- 
common — John  Smith,  Ef^  to.hlift  Curtly 
of  Stamfoici,  a  ^50001.  fortune. 

Jan.  14.  Mrt.  Herbert^  fifter  of  Lot^  Dc^ 
£u^  wat  delivered  of  a  fon— 

Feb^  3.  Lady  of  hon.  Mr.  ttathurft,  of 
a  dau^ter— 6.  Mrt.  Orby  Hunter,  of  a  £Mi-« 
10.  Counteis  of  Moray,  of  a  Ion—Lady  of 
Dr*  Fowler,  of  a  '/on  — xo.  Lady  Sondct  «f 
a  fon^24.  Vifcounteia  To^iagfionA  of  ^ 
daughter. 

Lately.  lady  Reay,  of  a  daughter— Lad^ 
of  Horatio  Mann,  Efq;  of  a  fon  and  heir-^ 
Lady  KnatchbuU,  of  a  fyt* 

DlATKt.  " 

Jan.  29.  I^TATHAMIEL  l>atce,  £%  a4 
XN  eminent  mcichant. 
Feb.  I.  Sir  Robert  Rich,  bart.  field  mar^* 
flul  of  the  forcet,  col.  of  the  41k  rtginaeni^ 
of  dragoons,  and  govemot  of  Ghelfea  hof^* 
pital— Thomat  J[onet,  Efq;  late  high-ilierifiC  < 
for  Gloucefterihire— 3.  Rt.  hon.  Vifcouat- 
Itilmorey— |.  Thomat  Brareton,  ZC^i  ao* 
thor  of  feveral  ingenioua  piecet*-/*  Paui 
Leger,  Ef^j  late  an  eminent  weaver— Toha 
Campbell,  of  Orchard,  in  North-Bntain* 
Efqj  lail  of  the  male  line  of  the  family  of 
Ardkingla(a,— II.  Mrs.  Martha  Whitway, 
aged  78,  the  friend  and  correfpondea^  of- 
Dean  Swift— 12.  Robert  Somerville,  of  Bed» 
^ordihire,  Efq^— 14.  Mr.  Thomat  Biimet>. 
aftock  broker— 15.  Charlct  Gore,  of  Trim, 
in  Hertford ihirr,  Efq^  member  for  Tivef** 
ton— Rt.  hon.  Arthur  OnHow,  a  orivy^ 
counfellor,  and  fpeakerof  the  HoafeotConw 
mons  for  tblrty->three  years,  a  poft  he  filled 
with  the  greiteft  uprigntoeft  and  reputation* 
(Sea  OnHow,  in  our  general  index}— Georg« 
Gordon,  of  the  Middle^Temple,  late  of  Ne- 
thermuir,  in  North^Britain,  Efq^  aged  near 
eightpr :  A  gentleman  of  primitive  honour 
and  integrity,  great  enidtlion)  remarkably 
for  hit  profound  knowledge  of  the  lawt  and 
conftitution  of  thit  kingdam,  and  not  lefa 
fofor  his  amiable  and.  beneficent  behaviour 
in  private  life.  His  writings  in  the  caufe  of 
liberty  have  enlightened  and  improved  thou- 
fands,  though  the  name  of  this  benefactor 
to  the  public,  as  an  author,  wa#  known  on- 
ly to  his  particular  friends  ^Edmund  Plow- 
den,  Efq;  dercended.of  the  famous  lawyer  of 
that  name~r6.  Gillingham  Cooper,  ECq^ 
banker  in  the  Strand,  aged  near  80— Mr. 
Dance,  fenior,  the  city- fur\cyor— Mrs.  Sax- 
ton,  neicc  of  the  countcfs  of  Macchsfieli. 

BULS 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^y^.       FOREIGN 

Bis.&i    of   lAoftBlity  tnia  Dec,   sg  Co 
Feb.  23. 

Whereof  have  died. 


AFFAIRS. 


11^ 


ITadcriYeflM  134} 
Beew.  s  and  5     363 

5  end  xo  —  295 
lo  and  ao  —  15s 
fo  and   30  —•  3W 
3Q  and  40  — 
40  and  50   ^  ^14 

S  and  60  —  397  WeeWy, 
aad  70  —  3C7 
70  and  So  —  £84 
So  and  90  —  i»7 
fo  and  100  —    17 
Seo  and  opvvdt     2 

*     4$«9 


Within  thcWalh  S89 
Witho.  the  walls  xo6t 
Mia.  and  Surry  aiOft 
City  le Sob. Weft«  xox6 


45«9 

Jan.  5.  61c 
]ft.  679 
29.  647 
aa.  557 

Feb.  a,  555 
9.  56# 

16.497 
a3.46» 


45^ 
Wbeam  pc^  loaf^  wt.  17  Ib^  6og.  ai.  ^ 

■  I  ■■        II  I  ■ 

FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 

COWSTANTINOPLE,  Januanr  I.  The 
Grand  Signior  hat  given  hit  cldeft 
dteghter,  a  ptincefs  of  feven  years  old,  to 
theMizmnji-btftis  and  yefterday  the  Grand 
Vixir  doathed  him  with  the  Pellice,  and  de- 
dared  him  ibn-in-bw  to  the  Stiltan.  This 
yeoiig  princcfs  is  widow  of  the  late  viair, 
wbo  was  beheaded  three  years  ago  at  Me- 
aeTme.  '^ 

Copeobdge9>  Jan.  29,  Laft  nighty  about 
tea  a*ciod^  the  qoeen  of  Denmark  was 
hhhr  delivered  of  a  prince,  to  the  inex- 
presMe'happifiers  of  her  royal  confort,  and 
Che  whole  court.  Her  majefty  and  the  new- 
bom  prince  are  this  mormng  both  as  well  as 
eaa  be  evpeOed.  This  very  imporUnt  and 
p^ch-defirtd  etent  happened  but  an  hour  or 
tpo  befbre  the  anniverMry  of  the  king  of 
Deafl>ark*s  own  birth-day,  which  we  are 
now  celcbntitag  with  double  feikvity.  The 
birth  of  an  hdr-nale  to  the  crown  has  com- 
pleatty  fulfill^  the  aidenrwiihes  and  prayers 
•f  the  publick,  and  confei|Qently  fprtaid  a 
real  ioy  tluoogh  all  ranks  of  p«<^e.  In>- 
mdiateiy  after  it  was  made  known,  the  fo- 
idga  nainiilers,  and  all  the  nobility  waited 
M^  the  king,  who  was  pleafed  to  receive 
their  com|difnents  of  congratahtion,  and  to 
CKpreis  die  iatisfa&ioB  he  received  from  their 
aoestioA  on  this  inCereAiog  event.  The 
haag  of  Denfliark  bellowed  leferal  marks  of 
hvmtt  oa  this  happy  occafion. 

/The  yonng  pnnce  was  baptized  by  the 
atmt  of  Ficderi^,  on  Jan.  30.] 

Daataic,  Nov.  16.  lAik  year  ii26ifaips 
came  into  this  port,  of  which  297  wereDoteti^ 
SS4  Engliih,  and  jog  Dantih.  The  number 
wiuch  ^ilcd  from  it  was  nil  $  of  which 
]22  wfre  bound  to  Holland,  209  to  Engljmd, 
^  t«  9vcdea  u>4  fij  ^  Penmark* 


^BxtraS  tfn  letttrfrm  Warfaw,^  Jan,  v/, 

**  In  the  fittings  of  the  commilTarics  of 
the  four  departments  of  laft  f^riday,  many 
important  affairs  were  terminated.  The 
king  is  to  enjoy  a  yearly  penfion  of  a  mil- 
lion and  a  half,  to  be  paid  by  the  treaiWy. 
The  prince  deRadxivil  is  to  have  an  annua} 
penfion  of  600,000  florins,  by  way  of  in- 
demniflcatiooi  befidu  three  millions  which 
his  family  lent  to  the  republic.  The  trea* 
ibrer  of  the  crown,  who  has  hitherto  enjoy* 
ed  a  penfion  of  120,000  florins,  is  to  have 
for  the  future  an  augmentation  of  80,000  flo- 
Hns.  The  great  trcarurer  of  Lithuania  is  t« 
have  40,000  florins  added  to  hip  yearly  ap. 
pointments.  The  count  de  Fleming  is  to 
have  a  confiderable  fum,  as  aUb  the  biihop  of 
Wilda.  In  the  feme  fittings,  the  fum  of 
X2,o.o  PoUih  ducats  was  granted  as  a  yearly 
appendage  or  portvoa>  to  the  two  princes  of 
Saxony. 

Warfaw,  Feb.  3.  The  day  before  yeller- 
day  the  diet  was  opened,  but  immediately 
put  off  again  for  three  weeks.  It  is  afTared, 
that  the  reafon  of  this  is,  that  feveral  mat- 
fers,  calculated  more  to  exafperate  than  ap« 
peafb  people's  minds,  had  been  delivered  in« 
to  the  diet :  among  others,  the  manifefVo  of 
the  marihal  of  the  confederacy  of  Grodno^ 
which  is  full  of  harfh  terms  againft  prince 
Repnin,  the  pope^s  brief  to  the  prince  pri* 
mate,  and  above  all,  that  addrefTed  to  the 
king,  which  the  apoflolick  nuncio  delivered 
00  Saturday  laf^,  to  his  majefty.  It  is  faid 
in  this  brief,  that  the  king  ought  rather  to 
abdicate  the  crown,  than  fign  any  thing  that 
may  prejudice  the  Roman  catholic  religion. 
The  bifliops  have  received  a  fimilar  brief. 
The  nuncio  has  delivered^  on  the  part  of  hia 
holinefs,  a  manifcfto  to  the  great  chancdlor, 
in  'Which  he  informs  all  thofe  who  may  fub- 
fcrlbe  to  any  articles  of  this  nature,  that  they 
fhall  be  excomihonicated.  It  is  faid  the  clerl. 
gy,  particularly  the  Tefuits,  have  rciufed  to 
contribute,  in  any  fhape,  to  the  public  im« 
pofls. 

Trieves,  Jan,  14.  The  Ele^^or,  our  So-' 
vereign,  died  the  day  before  yeflerday,  be- 
tween feveu  and*  eight  in  the  evening,  -after 
nine  weeks  iUneCi.  His  highnefs  was  born 
May  24, 1701,  appointed  a  canon  refidentiafy 
of  the  metropolitan  church  in  this  city  19 
171S,  Dean  in  1742,  confecrated  archbifhop 
of  Patras,  December  13,  1753;  decTarol 
coadjutor  to  theeleAor  count  Francis  George 
de  Sconbonii  July  ir,  1754;  afTumcd  the 
government  of  the  ele^orate  on  the  deceafe 
of  his  predeceflbr,  Jan.  18,  17565  and  ob- 
tained the  biflioprick  of  Worms,  in  1763. 

Berlin,  Feb.  13.  In  this  country  the 
winter  has  been  very  long  and  fevcrc,  the 
cold  having  been  obferved  for  feveral  days  at 
37  degrees  below  the  freezing  point  on  Fa** 
renheit's  thermometer ;  but  within  thefe  fWw 
days  the  frofl  has  gone  off,  and  wc  have  now 
very  mild  weather,  which  it  is  to  be  hoped 
will  continue  for  the  fake  of  the  poor,  who 
have  fuf!ered  greatly  from  the  (Scarcity  and 
prict  of  fi(i>iSt  Brunf- 


Digitized  by  CjOOQIC 


#20 


FOREIGN     AFFAIR& 


Feb. 


Brunfwicky  Im.  tS.  Tl^  hereditary 
^ncc.  who  had  kept  his  room  for  fevtral 
d»Yh  ^  ^^^  ^^^^  ^^  *PP^ar  in  pvbHc. 

The  here4iur7  princeTs  being  again  with 
.chUd,  public  prayers  hav^  boei^  made  for  hor 
foy«l  hiKbpcrs's  delivery. 

MuAiter^an.&*.  Extravagance  and  luxury 
In  drefs  having  coma  to  a  great  height  in 
|bis  hiihojnric^,  the  government  it  going  to 
poblifli  an  ordinance,  forbidding  allbuc  the 
jioUe^Te  and  perfoni  of  rank  to  wear  any  liUp 
or  )ace4  cloaths. 

Madrid,  Jan.  a6.  The  copmiflion  efta- 
^iOied  by  the  king,  and  to  which  five 
hi^ops  have  been  ajmitted  whom  his  ma- 
jtfty  ient  for  her«^  continues  it*s  deliberar 
cioat,  notooly  on  the  ufe  they  ought  to  make 
pf  the  effe^s  that  belonged  t9  the  expelkd 
jefuitSy  but  alio  on  the  reformation  of  the 
ckrsy,  and  the  neceffity  of  remedying  the 
^bules  which  are  crept  into  the  interior  ma- 
nagement of  the  monafteries ;  and  Uftlyi  on 
fhe  means  of  putting  on  a  better  footing  thf 
imiverfities  of  the  lungdom. 

Madrid,  Feb,  %.  Public  notice  hat  been 
^ven  in  the  gasetu  of  this  city,  that  a  i^cw 
plant,  which  has  been  found  proper  to  be 
«i/ed  in  dying  fiJk^  woollen,  and  cotton,  will 
be  put  up  to  iale  at  the  warehoufes  belonging 
to  Uie  Caracca  company.  The  plant  grows 
Jn  the  province  of  Caracca  and  Maracaybo, 
and  is  called  by  the  natives  Dividivi.  In  (e* 
vera!  refpeas  it  has  the  fame  properties 
vith  the  gall-nut  of  Aleppo,  and  gives  a  finer 
hlack.  The  royal  Junto  of  Commerce  are 
taking  mcafures  for  extending  this  branch  of 
iradc,  and  the  king  has  exempted  itior  a  cer* 
^ain  number  of  years  from  the  duty  on  iia- 
fortation. 

Venice,  Jan.  09.  A  few  days  fince  died 
)iere  Madam  Frances  Grimani^  ooniort  to  the 
feigning  doge,  aged  ff  years.  The  unhappy 
fui  of  this  lady,  who  was  fefpe£(able  as 
ivell  for  her  virtues  as  her  beauty,  excites 
.the  companion  of  every  one.  She  was  ftand- 
iog  in  her  chamber  with  her  back  to  the  ftre, 
.when  the  Aamcs  caught  hold  ef  her  clothes 
with  fuch  violence,  that  they  could  not  be 
extinguished  tiU  they  had  reached  her  body. 
She  languiOved  twelve  days,  and  then  died 
in  terrible  tortures. 

Leghorn,  Jan.  »s.  We  have  recei^wd 
Jkere  from  Bafiia  the  news,  that  (he  republic 
f)f  Genoa  has  confentcd  to  the  plan  of  paci- 
JBcatson  propofed  by  the  Cei^caos,  We 
know  not  yet  the  conditions ;  hut  it  is  pre- 
tended, that  the  firft  article  ftipulates  the 
iiree  poHeflion  of  places,  and  an  independ- 
ency of  goTemm^nt  in  favour  of  the  Corfi- 
cans  I  it  being  underftood  that  the  medi- 
ating powers  will  be  guarantees  of  the  treaty. 
We  learn  alfo  from  Cape  Corfe,  that  general 
Paoli,  after  providing  for  every  thing  relative 
So  the  fortification  of  the  frontiers,  and  vi- 
siting the  maft  important  placts  #f  the  ifle, 
was  returned  to  Cocte,  the  uiiiai  place  «f 
his  refidence,  where  an  aAembly  of  the  na- 
tional council  had  been  held,  the  relhlt  ftf 
which  it  expe^ed  withii 


LeghorA,  Jan.  19.  They  write  frop  Cor* 
nca,  that  the  chevalier  Buttofuoc6,  a  Corfl* 
can  by  nation,  and  a' captain  in  the  feryice 
of  his  mt^ft  Chriftian  majefty,  is  arrived  there 
from  Baftia,  and  has  brought  Paoli » co#> 
irendon  figoed  between  Ae  republic  of  Ge* 
noa  and  the  Corficans.  This  news  has  dif- 
fuicd  joy  over  all  the  i/lej  and  in  coaiw* 
queace  thereof  the  French  troops  are  prcr 
paring  to  evacuate  it.  , 

Parma,  Jan«  »}.  The  infant  doke  oyr 
iovereign  hath  caofed  a  praginatic  fan^ion 
to  be  publiflied  lately  in  uiis  city,  compofcd 
of  four  articles ;  the  tenor  of  which  it  as 
follows  I  ' 

I.  None  of  the  fubje£h  of  (he  infant 
ihall,  without  the  exprefs  permiffiou  of  his 
royal  highnefi^  carry  to  any  foreign  tribd- 
nalSf.not  ejrcQ  to  Rooie,  fuch  affaift  of  coo-  - 
tention  of  any  kind  as  ihall  arife  in  th^ 
coontries  fubje£^  to  his  dominion. 

JL  All  the  infant*s  fubJK£ls  are  forbidden 
to  have  recourfe  to  foreign  princes,  sovern- 
aseilts  or  tribunals,  as  well  with  re(pe£^  t« 
HMtters  of  intereft,  as  for  the  procuriflg 
within  his  ftate  any  benefice,  or  other  ec- 
dellaftital  favours,  without  having  iirft  ob« 
taised  his  royal  hig}inefs*s  confent. 

II.  All  benefices,  as  well  for  the  core  of 
fouls,  IS  coouftoria)  and  io  commendaoi, 
penfions,  ahbies,  dignities,  orpofta»  which 
have  any  jurifdi^ion,  ih#ll  net  for  the  f^.' 
ture  be  poiTefled,  within  the  three  dutckiesb 
by  any  but  the  fnbje6ls  of  the  infeot*  and 
with  his  permiiioo. 

IV.  The  infant  declaies  null  and  without 
^t£tf  all  writings,  letters^  fentences,  de- 
crees,  bu]ls>  briefs,  &c.  which  ihall  Goac 
from  Rome,  or  any  other  foieign  coimtry, 
at  leat  unlc^  Chey  are  fumiihtd  with  tW 

Laafanne,  Jaa.  15.  According  to  advices 
jvftfeceived  from  Geneva  there  is  £»me  hope 
of  a  aecepciliation  between  the  great  ao^ 
little  councils  and  the  citixens  of  that  re- 
public. The  deolaiation  delivered  by  the 
B«prafentattves  of  the  latter,  en  the  if  th  oi 
this  month,  to  the  commiffion  of  the  couu- 
cil  of  two  hundred,  refpe^ting  the  plan  for 
that  purpoie,  having  been  carried  on  thr 
soth  to  the  great  end  little  councils*  thofe 
two  bodies  made  fome  changes  and  modifi- 
oationi  i«  it*  It  was  then  reiblved  to  (o»- 
•voke  t  general  council  An  the  »)d,  which 
noeofdingly  adembled  that  4ay,  a*d  *p* 
proved,  by  a  majority  of  f  47  voices  ogaiiitf 
49^  of  the  proposal  of  the  great  couacU  {ar 
putting  0^  the  eledion  till  the  thirtyUirft 
of  this  moatht  •If  t^ia  elo6tion  he  flEi«dc« 
then  a  total  pacifieatioa  in  the  republic  aaruft 
follow. 


^  rbeCtntltmtn  rfLhf^M^  madTbt  i 
t4>snt,  /bmll^  0t  it  Mr  dutj,  U  tthM  gratified 
f«  pur  mjtt,  7!bt  drjgre  of  om^mrr^flndemi  •f 
Lmmr  SMXOHyt  U-  tt^detf  fmt/SJersthn,  mnid  if 
f4*^y  ^^i  ^  Mi^/iW  mtith.  hUny  imgt- 
nmt^itm  mfrtftsnd  vtrft  mt  4f*mA  m  Mr 


nexu 


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L       "--*■*■ 


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I       ■■     i 


Or,   gentleman's  Monthly  hitelli^^ncer  \ 
For     M  A  R  C  H,     1768. 


"5 


The  Bxitish  Thbatri 
Anflrcr  to  I^.  N.  ' 

Lobcck  and  its  Cathedral  deicribed  ii6 
Apology  fora  late  Millake  i%8 

litcf  Tran (anions  at  Oxfdrd  ii6 

Virtao  and  Ufcs  of  different  MiTk$  117 
True  Hiftory  of  the  IrHh   OftcAnial 
Bill  131 

A  fcrurth  Letter  from  RoulTeao         151 
A  Defcrtpiion  of  the  Ifland  of  Anri- 
cofti  -     133' 

And  of  Mr.  Morris's  famous  Jmprpve- 
mentt  nt  Pcrifield,  near  Chepftow  3  3 5 
A  new  Metkod  to  clean  cbironies  of 
foot  13$ 

Cure  for  tlie  Cholic  in  Horfet        ibid. 
General  Morray'i  Defence  139 

ASl  forlimitiag  the  Duration  of  tbc 
Irifti  Parliament  14.0 

Account  of  ZenobKi,  x  'l*ra^edy     14.1 
Movmful  Reflexions  on  Lo(s  of  Me- 
mory,  with  01uUa7  Hints   to  Old 
Batcifclors  143 


On  A.  B's  Letter  to  the  Auth<irof  the 
Ccnfefllional  144. 

d^aps  on  the  KHucklet  145 

Account  of  Cornhifl  Ward  146 

Curious  Acc6unt  of  tlie  Mole-Kce  1^7 
Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V.  14S— 151 

Lord's  Proteft  on  the  Eaft-I«dia  Divi- 
dend Bill  15a 
king's  Spcecli  at  the  Clofc  of  the  late 
Parliamtnt                                       152 
General  Draper's  Cenotaph  153 

fOTTICAX^EsSAYS  X53 — 156 

An  Impartial^  Account  of  New  Publi- 
cations 157 
Barctri's  Remarks  on  Sharp  ibid. 
Ntigent's  Travels,  &c.  159 
The  Montblv  Chronologer  163 
Marriages  and  Births  5  Deaths  165 
Ecclefiattlcil  Preferments  ibid. 
Promotions  civil  and  military  ibid. 
B-nkr-pts;  courfe  of  Exchange  ibid. 
FoREicM  Affairs  167 
Stocks,  Grairt}  Wind  amd  Weatlier  11a 


WITH 

A  NEW  and  ACCURATE  MAP  of  the  I  SLAM  D  of  X:OR  STC  A, 

AND 

j^lhpitESEiiTATiOBi  of  the  Delightful  Prospect  from  Richmond  HrLL, 

up  the  River, 

Which  11  onivcrfally  celebrated,  and  much  admii'ed  by  Foreigners. 
-—,4 ^-^ ^ — ,- ::!_:. 

ION  DON:   Printed  for  R.Baldwin,  at  No.  47,  in  Pater- nofter  Row  j 

•  •  ■ 

OflAon  miy  be  had,  compleat  Sets,    from  the  Year  1731,  to  this  Time,  neatly  bound  or 
ftitchcd,  or  any  finglc  Month  to  complete  S.'ts. 


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THE 


London   Magazine^ 

For     MARCH,     1768. 


THE   BRITISH   THEATRE. 


It 


r  3yt  *^  pubTic  is  refolutely 
L  |J  .  Uji  det<rminsd  to  check 
m^  m^^M  aJi  appearances  of  li- 
centioufnefs  in  new  performances^ 
there  are  ftill  fome  old  ones  not  a  little 
rtmarkable  both  for  impiety  and  inde- 
cency, which  are  but  too  much  relifh  • 

ed  t^  the  politeft  audiences. 'Tis 

true,  the  comedies  of  Congreve,  Van- 
bnigb,  and  Wycherley,  though  univer- 
iallv  admired  for  their  wit,  are  now 
laid  pretty  much  afide,  and  there  are 
not  many  men  of  underftanding  who 
woald  c1u)ore  to  put  the  mod  celebra- 
ted of  thefe  writers  into  the  hands  of 
their  daughters,  or  their  wives ;  yet 
notwithftandin^  this  juft  indignation 
to  the  vices  of  the  comic  mufe,  we 
fliew  no  refentment  wbatfocver  to  the 
profligacies  oTher  tragic  filter,  though 
they  arc  always  enforced  upon  our 
miods  with  a  much  greater  energy  by 
the  ador,  and  much  more  eafily  re- 
tained by  our  memories,  en  account  of 
ibc  additional  charm  which  they  re- 
cerfe  in  a  poliflied  verification. 

I  (hall  readily  grant,  that  if  we  were 
to  have  no  tragedies  rcprcffntcd,  but 
foch  as  arc  wholly  free  from  the 
cbarees  of  impiety  and  indecency,  the 
Bftol  pur  afting  tragedies  would  be  a 
VC17  Ihort  one ;  but  Itill  if  we  are  obii- 
fti  frem  i»eccfllity  to  perform  fuch 
piectsof  the  tragic  kind  as  our  reafon 
wdt  condemn,  we  (hould  render  them 
tt  ia^fFeDiive  as  poflible,  and  where  an 
<^fceae'  cxprefllon,  or  profane  apof- 
tropfiecan  be  omitted,  without  inju- 
naf  the  main  thread  of  afi  author^s 
liWe,  *tirt)ur  bufincfs  to  Uave  it  out 

March*  1768. 


at  once,  ^s  an  unneceilary  infult  !• 
oar  underftanding,  or  our  principles* 

I  am  led  into  thefe  reflections  from 
the  difguft  I  have  frequently  received, 
even  in  tragedies  where  a  great  deal  of 
the  oflfenfive  has  been  juilly  expunged 
by  the  good  fenfe  of  Mr.  Garrick,  to  * 
whom  our  ftage  is  fo  highly  indebted  . 
for  its  prefent  degree  of  reformation. 
In  Venice  Preferved  for  inftance,  I  am 
greatly  pleafed  to  find  a  very  grofs  line, 
which  the  poet  has  put  intb  the  mouth 
of  Belvidcra,  judicioufly  left  outfit 
is  where  (he  tells  her  hufband  of  Re« 
nault's  attempt  upon  her,  and  fays  be 
was 

— -I00//,  unbuUoH'd^  ready  fir  vio* 
lotion. 
The  idea  conveyed  in  this  line  was  a 
very  brutal  one,  efpecially  coming  . 
from  a  woman  of  honour,  and,  indeed, 
an  adtrefs  who  could  repeat  it,  muf^ 
pofTefs  more  than  an  ordjnaiy  (hare  of 
fortitude— yet,  though  this  line  it 
wifely  reprobated  in  our  theatres,  Jaf- 
fier  ilill  exclaims,  that  the  OU  Goat 
miffi  hofvejiunk  lAjben  the  rank  fit  luas 
on  him  \  and  talks  of  the  connubial 
intercourfe  between  himfelf  and  hit 
wife,  in  a  manner  that  muH  be  ex- 
tremely difagreeable  to  a  delicate  au- 
ditor.—»^— I  am  the  more  offended 
at  the  negligence  with  which  w^  re* 
tain  thefe  clrcum fiances  in  Jaflier.  be- 
caufe  they  are  not  in  the  leaft  necefTa* 
ry,  either  for  the  conduct  of  the  fable, 
or  the  illuftration  of  the  chara6ter} 
on  the  contrary,  it  would  be  more  fer- 
viceable  to  both,  if  they  were  intirely 
obliterated,  and  therefore  are  as  re- 
pugnant to  the  laws  of  criticifm  at 
to  the  rules  of  decency. 

In  like  manner  Monimla^s  defcrip- 
tion,  to  her  brother,  of  Ca(lalio*s  kind* 
tit(i*wbenin  ber  armsi   in  like  raan- 

^»  atr 


i 


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i«4  Tut   Britis 

n^r    LotbariA*t    account:  of    having 
pafled 

^—ibe  li^ve  long  night  in  bllfst 

In  extafies  too  great  to  laft  for  ever, 
are  detcttablc;    fo  is  Jigo's  fpeech  of 
the  black  ram  tupping  the  'wbtte  e'we\  fo 
is  Scatirft*8  where  (he  Ulls  us  Alex- 
ander 

Curls  like  a  *vine,  an^  touches  like  aGody 
ftnd  fo,  in  (hort,  afe  a  tboufand 
fpceches  in  the  catalogue  of  Our  adting 
tragedies,  which  I,  do  not  think  it 
rcquifite  to  cite,  as  they  muft  cafily 
occur  to  the  recolVe^ion  pf  a  fenfible 
reader— It  iwould  do  great  honour, 
therefore,,  to  the  managers  of  our  the- 
atres, if  they  were  to  iroot  out  the(e 
grofs,  thefe  unneceflary  obfcenities, 
Si^cc  the  negative  merit  of  being  inof- 
fcnfivcjis  a  matter  of  fome  importance, 
ix^here  we  cannot  boaft  of  abfoiute 
pcrfed^ion. 

But  while  we  are  thus  recolleftin? 
particular  faults  in  fame  of  our  old 
ftock  plays,  let  us  not  be  unjuft  to 
the  merit  of  a  modern  tragedy,  wh?ch 
has  been  lately  received  with  univcrfal 
apprSbaiion  at  Drury  Lane  theatre— 
the  reader  will  immediately  conceive, 
that,  in  this  place,  I  advert  to  Mr. 
Murphy*8  Zenobia,  which,  chough 
one  of  the  mod  capital  French  writers 
Crebilloii>  and  one  of  the  moft  cele- 
brated among  the  Italians  Metaftafio, 
have  written  on  the  fame  (lory,  is,  ne- 
verthelcfs,  a  produ61ion  that  docs  great 
credit  tp  Mr.  Murphy^s  genius,  and 
fnud  be  confidered  by  every  difpaf- 
lionate  critic,  as  a  valuable  acquifition 
to  the  Englim  ftage.  We  would^  not 
hpwever,  from  thii  by  any  means,*inn- 
nuate  tbat  Mr.  Murphy's  Zenobia  is 
without  its  impprfpAions  j  the  charac- 
ter of  r<;'ibazus  in  particular  is  appa- 
rently inconfuicnt ;  the  author  defigns 
him  tor  an  o^en,  for  a  brave,  but 
alpore  all  for  a  generous  prince,  yet 
fo  little  bravery,  fo  little  gcnsrofity 
has  he,  that  when  Zenobra  even  in- 
fcrrhs  him  of  her  marriage  with  Fla- 
noiniui,  a^nd  throws  herlelf  entirely 
upon  his  gQodncfs  for  protcftion,  he 
ptirfues  FlaminiuSy  who  has  jud  made 
his  efcape,  with  a  detachment  of  fol- 
lliers,  brings  him  back  in  chains,  and 
co-operates  with  the  cruelty  of  his  fa- 
ther to  deftroy  the  hiifband,  becaufe 
he  himrdf,-a6  well  as  his  father,  erv- 
tertains  a  paiTion  forihe  wife- — Indeed, 
wlien  he  difcoveri  (hat  the  pcrioA  wl>o 


H  Theatre. 


March 


calls  bimfelf  Flamijiiuf  it  adualiy  hia. 
own  brother  Rhadamiftus,  he  then  be- 
gins, to  feel  great  compunction  for  be* 
ing  fo  materially  inftrumental  in 
plunging  him  in  diftrefs;  but  thia 
compun6iion  arifes  entirely  from  the 
circumftance  of  Rhadamiftus^t  being 
his  brother,  not  from  the  confcioufneu 
of  the  injuftice  he  had  done  to  tb« 
fuppofed  Fiaminius;  Teriba^us  ia 
deeply  afflicted  at  having  behaved  un- 
juftly  to  a  brother,  but  while  he  inna-. 
gined  himfclf  treating  only  a  ftraiiger 
injurioufly,  he  thotjieht  birafelf  adding 
with  the  moft  perftCl  propriety  ;  a 
condu6l  of  this  nature  is  wholly  incon* 
Cftent  with  the  principles  of  generofity  5 
na^  it  is  wholly  inconfiftcnt  with  the 
prmciples  of  common  honeftyi  com- 
mon honefty  does  not  by  any^  means 
allow  us  to  injure  others  n^erely  be- 
caufe they  are  ftrangefs  to  us  ^  there 
is  as  much  juftice  due  to.  the  greateft 
ftranger  as  to  the  brother  of  our  brcaft, 
and  conf^quently  arguing  by  this  rule 
we  cannot  fupppfe  that  Mr.  Murphy 
in  the  chara6ler  of  Teribazushas  ^iven 
us  any  thing  like  a  true  pattern,  either 
of  ftrift  juflice  or  real  gencroOty— 
the  part  of  Rhadamiftus  too  is  rather 
languid;  he  avoids  explanations,  at  a 
time  that  explanations  are  mo^  of  all 
neccflary,  and  laments  the  impropriety 
of  his  brother's  conduct  without  ever 
attempting  to  fet  him  right. — The  ca- 
taftrophe,  however,  is  very  well  worked 
up,  and  the  triumph  of  2enobia,  when 
her  father-in-law  ftruggles  in  the 
pangs  of  death,  is  raaftcrly  to  a  fr*at 
degree,  though  .we  think  th^re  if 
fomething  like  it  in  Do(5lor  Young's 
Revenge. — :Upon  the  whole,  Zenobia 
is  a  tragedy  of  much  merit  ;  and  will  . 
we  dare  fay,  be  a  conftant  favourite 
with  the  publTc. — The  epilogue  to*it, 
which  is  written  by  Mr.  Garrick, 
abounds  with  vvit  and  pleafantry  j  ai>d 
Mrs,  Dancer's  excellence  in  the  ^rinci-  . 
pal  part,  does  not  a  little  contribute 
to  the  fuccefs  of  the  piece. 

The  tragedy  <i^  Zenobia  is  not  the 
only  new  production  which  has  made 
its'  appearance  at  Drury-lane  theatre, 
during  the  courfe  of  the  Uft  month,  a 
little  piece  of  two  ads,  entitled,  the 
Ab/ent  Man,  and  written  by  the  very  , 
ingenious  author  or  Lionel  and  Cla- 
riffa,  has  been  twice  exhibited  with 
general  applaufe,  fro»7)  very  crowded 
audiences,— This    performance,     the 

aiitt^^r 


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1 76ft, '  Jnjw9r  to  a'  former  Lttier. 

tathor  candidly  teUt  uf  lit  defigttt  en- 
tirely for  a  farc^  and  confelfet  that  he 
bas  toktfn  hts  plot  imoLediately  from  a 
paper  in  the  SpeAator.  This  indeed 
is  e3(tr«fiiely  eTidenr»  bot  hf  involves 
liii  Abfent  Man  inio  fuch  a  varidty 
of  wfaimficaldiftreiTeSi  that  heaflFordt 
conftant  fund  of  entertain ment. 


without  running  into  a  fingle  circum- 
ftince  of  boffoonry  from  the  opening 
of  the  firft  fcene  to  the  terrainatipi^ 
of  the  cataftropbe.— Mr.  King,  in  the 
Ahfent  Man,  is  inimitable,  and  'tis 
bot  jufticc  to  (ay,  that  £nce  the  pul>- 
ikation  of  our  laft  nnmbtr,  he  has  ap- 
peared in  the  part  ef  Shyloclc  with  a 
degree  of  reputation,  at  leaft  equal  ta 
any  of  his  moft  celebrated  predecelTors 
in  that  very  diffictlt  charafter.— In- 
deed his  excellence  in  it  was  fo  sreat« 
titat  the  public  are  defirous  of  leeing 
him  in  a  light  widely  di^rent  to  that 
to  which  be  has  hitherto  been  known , 
and  we  are  pretty  confident  be  will 
aofwer  their  warmeit  expe^hitions. 

t$  the  AUTHOR  #/  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR. 

I  Have  ground  to  expe^,  from  your 
difintercfted  conduct,  that  you 
i|ili  iofert  in  your  next  Magazine  the 
following  reply  to  N.  N,  (page  91ft) 
which  I  make  upon  the  principle. of 
ielf-defence,  and  that  the  gentleman 
mi^ht  know,  I  am  fo  far  from  being 
ianstied  with  his  animadverfioos,  that 
I  heartily  pity  him,  and  (bould  rejoice 
to  be  ain/l^ng  in  bringing  him  to  the 
knowledge  of  the  truth. 

I  produced  Gal.  ii.  15.  to  prove, 
that  the  cxprefiion  by  naturt  fignifics 
irj  birtb^  which  every  one  knows  who 
uadcrftaods  the  Greek  word  ^vru.  If 
I  were  to  cite  human'  authorities  to 
coafinn  it,  I  would  mention  Ham- 
mosd  and  Whitby  on  the  padage  ; 
oot  the  obje£lor,  who  in  a  preceding 
paper  had  laid,  that  the  word  ^tru  in 
tba(  parallel  place  Eph.  ii.  3.  fignifies 
o^fbm  or  pnUlia^  now,  fays,  here  it 
iBcaAs  €hrctuiu\JiM^  and  that  becaufe 
BD  opan  is  born  circumcifed,  therefore 
BO  man  is  horn  a  Jew.  He  might 
«^b  e^al  propriety  fay,  no  man  is  a 
Sntoa  bom  till  he  has  a/ferted  or 
talttn  up  his  freedom.  The  infant-, 
(^priof  of  Jewiih  parents  had  ^  right 
tQ  drcnmci^oA  by  viriuf  of  the  cf  ve* 


i«5 

nant  God  made  with  Abrahani»  ^ 
that  the  mark  in  the  flc(h  did  noc 
make  them  lews,  but  fuppofed,  that 
they  were  (o  by  natnre  or  by  birth 
in  •ppofiilon,  not  to  pro(elytes,  bat 
to  thofe  who  continui^  in  a  ftate  of 
gentilifm.  Moreover,  to  prove  that 
aH  does  not  depend,  at  your  corref* 
pondent  favs,  npon  circumciiion,  let 
him  confider  that  in  Portugal,  and 
fome  other  popifti  countries  there  are 
many  Jews  who  are  not  circumcifed, 
for  fear  of  being  feiaed  by  the  inquf- 
fition,  and  yet  they  are  accounted  by 
their  brethren  in  this  kingdom  Jew^ 
by  birth. 

Af  to  the  gentleman^s  Latin  quo- 
tation, Chriftuamt,nM  nafdtuu  fi^  fil» 
I  apprehend  it  does  not  avail }  for  to 
make  it  to  his  purpofe,  it  ihoiild  have 
been  drntiks  fwm  mmfcUur^  fed  fely  no 
man  is  born  a  Gentile,  but  made  (%\ 
but  this  would  have  been  to  fay  what 
every  one  can  gain  fay. 

As  to  the  comment  he  produces 
from  Lardner's  fermons  on  Plklm  Ii.  7. 
which  he  adopts  as  his  own,  I  would 
only  reply,  that  it  is  a  dire^  -contra- 
difiion  to  the  letter  of  the  text.  Pa- 
vid  fays  in  the  prefence  of  the  heart- 
fearching  God,  in  iin  did  my  mother 
conceive  me ;  this  author  fa3rf,  that 
the  time  of  the  Pfalmift's  conception 
(ignifies  that  early  lirae  of  life  when 
ht  was  capable  of  committing  thoie 
a6inal  fins  whix:h  he  ought  to  repent 
of,  i.  e.  in  other  words,  he  was  not 
(hapen  in  iniquity,  nor  in  iin  did  his 
mother  conceive  him.  This  is  not 
commenting  upon,  but  torturing  the 
fcripture.  I  would  beg  leave  to  drop 
one  plain  hint  and  conclude^  that  as 
the  ftreams  flow  from  the  fountain,  fo 
do  our  a6iual  tranfgreflions  proceed 
from  the  depravit>  of  human  nature.   . 

I  am.  Sir,  Your  humble  fervanr, 
March  17,  176S.  R.  W. 

Extras  of  a  Letter  from  Oxford. 
"  r?^ 1 15 AY  laft,  the  iith  of 
JP  IV^arch,  1768,  ftx  ftudenis  be- 
longing to  Ed— d  —  hall  were  expelled 
the  univerfity,  after  an  hearing  of  h* 
veral  hours  for  holding  methodiftkal 
tenets,  and  taking  upon  them  to  pray, 
read  or  expound  the  fcripturcs,  ani 
fmg  hymns  in  private  houfes.  The 
pi:tncfpal  of  the  hall  defended  their  doc- 
trintsfrom  the  thirty-oiive  arti:cle8  of 

eke 


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Il6  DiSAORlBABLB    T  R  A  V  B  L  L  T  N  G.  March 


tkfi  eftabtifli^d  church,  fpoke  ill  the 
htgbeft  terms  of  the  [iietv  and  exem- 
pbrineli  of  their  lives }  but  his  mo- 
tioB  was  over-ruledi  and  lentence 
profiouBced  againfl:  them.  Dr.  N-«l» 
one  of  the  heads  of  boufes  prefent, 
obferved,  that  as,  «  thefe  fix  gentle- 
men  were  expelled  for  having  too 
flittCh  religion,  it  would  be  very  pro- 
per to  inquire  into  the  conduft  of 
fimiewhohadtooUt^}  tndtheV—- r 
was  heard  to  tell  their,  chief  accufer, 
that  the  univeriity  was  much  obliged 
to  him  for  thit  good  work/' 

Bxtraa  ofamther  Letter  from  QidotA^ 
Mar«h  iS^  1768. 

«*THE  particular^  relative  to  the 
procedings  againft  the  fix  young  gen- , 
tkmen  of  Ed — d-hall,  you  have  al- 
ready heard  :  Never  was  greater  ma- 
lice exercifed  on  the  one  hand,  nor  a 
more  particular  AibmitRon  on  the  other. 

Some  of  them,  indeed,  by  n  well- 
Bieant  zeal,  have  fadlen  into  impru- 
dencies,  but  this  is  the  utmoft  that*^ 
tan  be  faid  :  Qor  can  this  even  be  Aid 
of  them4dl.  This  (entence  of  expul- 
ion,  never  inflid^ed  but  upon  the  moft 
atrocious  crimes,  was  pronounced 
againft  one  of  thefe  gentlemen  for  what 
was  done  about  two  years  before  he 
was  a  member  of  the  univeriity,  and 
which  he  himfelf  has  been  long  con- 
vinced was  an  indifcretion.  The  other* 
were  not  in  the  Icaft  confcious  of  hav- 
ing adVed  agai'nft  any  law,  either  hu- 
man or  divine,  but  as  ibon  as  ever 
they  were  warned  that  praying,  read- 
ing, or  expounding  the  fcriptures  in 
»  private  houfe,  was  conti^try  te  the 
Unit  which  the  feniors  in  the  univer- 
fity  put  upon  the  (latute,  they  imme- 
diately defifted,  which  wat  months  be- 
fore their  expulfion.  Two  or  three  of 
them  were  accufed  of  being  bred  to 
trades  i  a  dreadful  crime  !  afld  of  be- 
inu  iniufficient  in  their  knowledge  of 
the  learned  languages  j  as  wonderful  a  , 
rtafon  of -not  bcin^:;  able  to  purfue  their 
Itudics  at  the  univerfiiv,  as  it  would 
he  for  removing  food  fiom  a  man 
becaufe  he  was  hungry.  The  concourfe 
ef  people  upon  this  occafion  was 
prodigious,  and  the  behaviour  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  D— n  the  principal  of  the 
hall,  was  that  of  the  fcholar,  the  gen- 
tleman, the  ch'nftian,  and  the  friends- 
Only  four  heads  of  heafes  were  prcfent 
upon  this  occaiion. 


From  the  London  Chronicle. 

Oh  fime  Expulfions  on  March  11,  176S. 

at  Ed— d-hall,  0— d. 

REJOICE,  ye  fbni  of  papal  R«mer 

No  longer  bide  the  head  | 
Mary's  bled  days  once  more  are  come» 

And  Bonner  from  the  dead. 

Another i   contmning  a  fad  fort  of  Advice 
tojoung  Gownfmen, 

YE  fovial  iouls,  drink,   whore,   and 
fwear. 

And  all  (hall  then  go  well  t 
But  Q  Uke  heed  of  Hymns  and  prayer, 

Thefe  cry  aloud— -Expel. 

Extras    from  Dr.  NugentV   Travels 
ibrougk  Gtrmnny^  &c. 

THE  Dr.  fays,  *'  Ive  fet  out  from 
Hamburgh  to  Lubeck  at  fix  in 
the  morning  in  the  common  ftage  of 
the  country,  called  a  poft- waggon, 
which  is  little  better  than  one  of  our 
dung-carts,  with  boards  nailed  acroft 
ft  for  feats,  and  backs  to  them,  alxmt 
a  foot  and  a  half  high.  They  have 
generally  three  rows  of  leats,  (each 
holding  three  perfons :  and  they  are 
befides  fo  incumbered  with  goods, 
that  a  paflenger  foinetimes  has  hardly 
room  to  fet   his  feet.    There   is  no 

Setting  into  them  without  a  lad- 
er.  They  travel  day  and  night,  and 
in  all  weathers,  fo  that  you  are  fure  of 
reaching  your  journey's  end  at  a  ftated 
time.  They  move  but  flowly,-  not 
above  three  or  four  miles  an  hour  ; 
and  where  the  roads  are  bad,  you  un* 
dergo  many  a  fevere  jolt.  Another 
inconveniency  is  their  being  uncover- 
ed; fo  that  [you  are  expofed  to  fun, 
hail,  rain,  and  fnow.  It  is  a  little 
flrange  that  the  Germans  have  not 
yet  thought  of '  providing  travellers, 
and  in  a  country  where  they  travel  fa 
much,  with  a  better  convenien^y.  But 
what  is  very  extraordinary,  you  pay  ar 
dear  for  thofe  wretched  vehicles,  at 
we  do  in  England  for  commodioue 
ftage- machines  i  you  may  judge  of  this 
by  the  fare  from  Hamburg  to  Lubeck, 
which  is  only  thirty-fix  miles,  and 
ceft  me  for  my  perfon  4$.  3d.  Englr(fa» 
and  36.  4d.  for  my  trunk,  befidet 
drink-money  to  the  poftilions,  which 
is  a  groat  each  ftage.  Thefe  carriagea 
are  very  often  richly  loaded,  and  have 
always  a  heavy  chcft,    in  which  the 


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Si.  Mary* J  Church  at  Lubcck  defcrihed.  127 

nifm.  On  it  are  leen  the  ecliptic,  zo- 
diac, cc^uator  and  tropics  j  and  wbat 
it  aftonifhinsr,  the  planets  iji  their 
ieveral  cooriet  \  £o  that  the  ftation  ^ 
any  of  them  it  to  be  foui^d  at  anf 
h^trr  of  the  day,  whether  they  be 
abore  or  below  the  horizon,  or  to 
the  fouthward,  eaftward,  or  weftward, 
with  many  other  aftronomical  particu- 
lars. In  a  word,  from  this  curiottf 
machine  may  be  formed  a  complete  al- 
manack, (hewing  the  daily  difpo(itioas 
and*  variations  of  the  celeftial  bodiet, 
fun  rifmg  and  fettinjr,  the  eclipies^ 
fcftivals,  and  remarkable  days,  for  tht 
meridian  of  Lubeck,  and  tbit  in  an/ 
year,  even  the  leap  yeart,  down  (• 
1S75,  which  will  be  the  year  of  con- 
fummation  to  all  thefe  laborious  dif- 
playt  of  aftronomical  knowledge* 
There  are  likewife  ieveral  ingenious 
automata,  particularly  an  image  ot 
our  Saviour,  and  on  its  right  hand  a 
door,  which  opening  as  the  cickk 
ftriket  twelve  at  noon,  forth  cose  iai 
order  of  proceffion,  the  emperor  and 
the  feven  eldcft  elei^ors :  and  turning 
to  the  image,  make  a  profound  ober- 
fance,  this  he  returns  with  a  kind  of  mo- 
tion of  his  hand;  then  the  auguftgroupt 
retreat  in  the  fame  order,  through  4 
door  on  the  left,  and  both  doors  im- 
mediately (hut.  In  the  tower  above 
this  clock,  is  another  mafter- piece,  the 
chimes )  they  play  every  hour,  and 
with  a  juftnefs,  celerity,  and  melody^ 
which  charm  the  moft  delicate  ears 
Under  thefe  chimes  is  the  bell,  for 
ftriking  the  hour;  which  is  performed 
by  an  image  of  Time,  whilft  a  lefTer 
(igure  reprefentlng  Mortality,  and 
(landing  at  the  other  fide  of  the  b«ll^ 
turns  a(ide  its  head  at  every  ftroke* 
That  this  work  may  not  be  damaged 
by  any  indifcreet  fpeftaiors,  it  is  fra- 
med all  over  with  wire,  at  the  didance 
of  arm's  length.  An  infcription  on 
the  left,  (hews  the  original  date  of  this 
work  to  be  the  year  1405,  though  it 
has  \m.4ergone  two  repairs ,  bnt  the 
arli(l*&  name  has  long  been  buried  in 
oblivion.  In  the  following  infcription 
on  the'  right,  are  fct  forth  its  exceU 
,  lences,  concluding  with  a  devout  adr 
monition :    . 

AfieSfam  catii,  foils ,  hfijtque  mtorem, 
Lumina  ptr  ctrtos^  igntm  ducintia  curfus^ 
Utfiuai  bora  fuj^ax,  atque  irvrvQcatniis 
mnnus  | 

.    ^  Mo€ 


1768. 

poft-mafters  put  the  money  and  feweU 
committed  to  their  care  $  there  it  no 
ijiftance  of  their  ever  being  robbed, 
liiough  they  travel  all  night,  and  thro^ 
woo£  and  fore(b,  with  only  a  (ingle 
poftOion.  But  indeed  there  is  fcarce 
any  fuch  thing  as  a  robbery  upon  the 
highway  in  Germany.  The  poft-wag- 
fon  fett  out  every  day  in  fummer  at 
ax  in  the  momiag,  and  reaches  Lu- 
beck the  fame  day  ;  but  in  winter, 
sot  till  the  next  morning.  Vet  in  this 
miferable  carriage  did  I  venture  to 
travel,  preferring  an  open  vehicle,  in 
order  to  view  the  country,  and 
/bengthen  my  conftitution  by  inuring 
mvfelf  to  the  weather.  I  only  made 
ttk  of  the  precaution  of  a  1  oil(kin 
coat  and  cap  to  guard  againft  the 
raia." 

"  St.  Mary^s  church  at  Lubeck,  it 
a  noble  lofty  pile,  far  exceeding  any 
other  ftrudure  in  Lubeck.  It  ItaDdi 
meir  the  ereat  market-plac^,  and  the 
town-boufe,  in  the  heart  of  the  city. 
The  fteeple  is  the  higheft  in  all  the 
town,  and  divides  itfclf  into  two 
fpiresi  that  on  the  north  is  117  yards 
high,  and  was  built  in  1304)  the  other 
OB  the  (buth  in  lyo*  We  went  ««p 
to  the  top  by  as  many  fteps  as  theie 
arc  days  in  the  year,  and  had  a  fine 
profpe^  of  the  town  and  country.  The 
entrance  of  the  church  is  fupported 
by  two  pillars  of  granite,  each  of  one 
entire  piece.  The  inlidc  is  richly  or- 
namented with  pi^urei,  aind  with  the 
tonbt  of  ienators  and  other  eminent 
pericns.  Thefe  ornaments,  however, 
appear  too  much  crowded  \  and  the 
eye  is  offended  at  feeing  them  fcattered 
about  in  foch  profufion,  without  any 
rf|ular  order.  Every  hole  and  corner 
is  nlied  with  a  long  infcription,  con* 
tainis^  the  character  of  fome  fenator 
or  prieft,  whofe  memory,  perhaps, 
oo|^  to  have  been  cosfigned  to  obli- 
vioa.  The  high  altar  is  remarkable 
6]r  the  beauty  of  the  workman(hip,  at 
vdl  aafbr  the  richnefs  of  the  materi- 
als, being  of  the  fined  Uack  and 
white  marble;  it  was  mads  by  the  fa- 
moos  Que!]  in  us,  of  AiUv^erp,  in  1697, 
at  the  cApence  of  one  of  tiie  burgo- 
nafters. 

KoC  far  from  the  high  altar,  is  the 
celebrated  aftronomical  clock  \  which, 
hdMet  its  largenefs,  the  multiplicity 
af  its  appurtenances,  and  omamrnts,  is 
indeed  a  wonderful  piece  of  mecba- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


A  ni€i£ary  anijuji  Apology. 


128 

Hh  iihl  i9ft/pideki  iinlis  haurire  lieibit ; 
Ztd  rijhms  quoties  imAiIbs  cadfanm  re- 

titiilef^ 
Fritinus  ^iHpotens  imfften  tdudare  mt' 

But  the  moft  noted  thing  in  Sf.  Ma- 
ry^t  Church,  is  the  painting  called 
Death*!  Dance,  fo  much  talked  of  \h 
M  parts  of  Germany.  It  was  origin 
nally  drawn  in  1463,  but  the  figurea 
%»ere  repaired  at  different  times,  as  in 
15S8,  164.X,  and  laft  of  all  in  1701. 
Ilere  you  fee  the  reprefedtation  of 
X)eath,  leading  an  Emperor  in  his 
Imperial  robes,  who  with  his  other 
liand  takes  hold  of  fuch  another  figure, 
who  leads  up  a  king;  and  (b  alter- 
naktely  a  figure  of  death  and  a  human 
Mribn  through  all  conditions  and 
ia|;es  of  life.  The  intention  of  the 
•rtift  was  to  (hew  that  death  pays  ho 
regard  to  age  or  condition.'* 

ro  the  AUTHOR  of  ihe  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,  February  10,  1768. 

YO  17  having  republifhed  in  your 
lad  month's  Magazine,  a  letter 
f  gned  A  Liveryman  of  London,  it  is 
expe^ed,  from  your  impart iaHty,  that 
you  alfo  rcpublifh  the  anfwcr^  from 
the  Gmtetter  of  thciift  u!t.  as  con- 
tained in  a  letter  figncd  A  Lrrtryman; 
the  poftfcript  and  copy  of  a  Itttcr 
finned  Barlow  Trccothick,  &c.  and,  in 
^uttification  of  a  private  chnraftcr  iin- 
juftly  traduceti,  wifh  this  further  iiT- 
fotntation,  that  Mr.  AJdcrman  Trcco- 
thick was  born  of  Engiilh  parents  in 
London,  regiflered  in  Stepney  parifh, 
■nd  hath  not  a  Kinfman  in  North 
America.  And  it  is  lurthcr  defirei, 
for  much  more  important  reafbns,  that 
you  rcpuWifh  a  letter  in  tiie  Ledger  of 
this  day,  ligned  A  Liveryman,  with  a 
view  to  prevent  the  purf\«ing  a  (ub- 
]tCt  fo  prejudicial  to  this  kirt^dom. 
I  am,  Sir, 
Your  moft  humble  fervant, 

A  Merc  HANT. 
[%•  It  is  incumbent  upon  us,  to 
acquaint  the  publick,  that  the  letter 
complained  of,  was  inferted  by  an 
ovcrfieht  of  the  compofixr,  not  being 
is  tended  for  the  London  Magazine, 


Mafch 


Which  liev^r  defbends  fo  fcurrflity 
tnd  rudenefs,  or  the  attack  of  fn-> 
fate  cfaarafters :  It  has  really  given 
the  authors  and  proprietors  great 
uneafihefs  that  it  (bould  appear  tkere  ; 
but  it  was  foifted  in,  toohlte  jn  the 
month,  to  afford  time  for  cancelling 
it.  As  alll  the  clamour  ralfed  againft 
Mr.  Trecothick,  and  rerynnfuftly,  and 
upon  unconHitutional  principles  rSiifed, 
was  to  prejudice  him  in  his  approach- 
ing elefhon,  and  the  meaneft  and 
dirtieft  libeU  followed  him  to  the  verjr 
huftings,  could  we  have  made  snriends 
for  our  involuntary  error,  lift  nitmthy 
it  would  hare  been  juft  and  prdper ) 
but  now,  that  he  has,  with  futh  ho- 
nour to  himfelf  and  his  conftittichts, 
been  ele&ed  to  rcprefent  this .  great 
city  in  parliament,  and  it  is  agreed 
bv  every  one,  who  thinks  impartially, 
that  Mr.  Trecothick  is  a  known 
friend  to  our  civil  and  religions  rislits, 
it  could  be  of  little  fervrce,  perhaps 
would  be  invidious,  to  revive  (b  fcanda- 
lous  a  difpute.  We  therefurrf  hope 
this  :rpology  will  be  accepted  fiJf  flrp- 
pi-cffing  it :  Ajgknowledged  virtue  and 
integrity  wifl  ever  emerge  from  the  ca- 
lumnies of  party,  bigotry,  and  faflionf, 
without  fuch  ailiftance.j 

WE  have  thmight  it  expedient, 
as  the  brave  Co: Treats,  after 
fo  many  years  ftruggtc  for  their  liber- 
ties, arc  likely  to  he  acknowledged  a 
fovcreign  people,  like  the  united  pio- 
vfnces,  by  their  late  tyranti  the  Ge- 
noefe,  to  give  oiir  readers  the  annexed 
nc\v  mapofCorfica,  divided  into  its 
pievct  or  cjmtons,  which  willalfb  ilhi- 
crdate  the  extrifis  from  Mr.  BofwelFs 
book,  (from  the  nrap  annexed  Whereto 
it  h^s  been  correfted)  given  in  our  laft, 
p^ge  rof .  See  zX^xjCorfica  and  Ccrficans^ 
in  onr  Get^eral  Index,  and  in  the 
indexes  to  our  fubfequent  volumer. 


w 


E  have  aTfo  obliged"  our  re:i- 
ders,  with  an  engraving  of 
that  de'iighful  and  e^ttenfive  proIbeO, 
from  Richmond  Hill,  up  the  river  j 
confeftcdiy  one  of  the  fin'eft  in  Surry  j 
if  not,  on  ibihe  accounts,  in  £ng^. 
land. 


Th« 


%^  7lf  History  0/  Parliajment  u  dtfirred  n  wt  mxU 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 768.  VirlMs  0f  affirm  MtUcu 

Of  MCiks.    Frm  Lettert  to  Married 


129 


Women. 

**  JL/T I L  K  hat  been  reoommendads 

XVA.  in  fevcral  lettert,  at  the  pro- 
per food  for  infantt,  and,  in  the  four- 
teenth and  fifteenth y  it  it  again  fpo- 
ken  of»  as  being  equally  neceflary  for 
invaKdt>  and  ased  perfont.  It  (hall 
thacefore  be  thebufiaeft  of  thit  letter 
to  examine  (6  ftu:  into  the  qualitiet 
•f  milk,  nnd  into  the  milk  of  different 
aaimalt,  at  may  enable  ut  to  deter- 
auac  wbat  kind  of  milk  it  upon  dstfe- 
reiit  occafiottt  to  be  preferred,  which 
will  take  in  every  thing,  net  elfewhere 
ob(enred,  upon  thit  fubjeA. 

Milk  wat  before  remarked  to  be  a 
kjod  of  white  blood,  prepared  by  the 
mother  for  the  fupport  of  her  youngs 
£>  far  lire  may  fpeak  of  it  in  general 
tcrmt. 

Ita  different  animalt  therefore  it  it 
reaibnable  to  fuppofe,  and  faft  con- 
iirmt  our  fuppofition,  that  the  quali- 
Ciet  of  milk  are  alio  different  $  hence^ 
by  firft  examining  into  itt  general  pro- 
pcrtiet,  and,  from  thofe  principles, 
ictttn|  Iblrtfa  the  peculiar  variationt  in 
the  mdk  of  difSerent  animalt,  we  (hall 
arrive  at  the  defired  condofion. 

In  milk,  by  ftepping  into  the  dairy, 
tPt  Biay  difcern  three  principal  com^^ 
ponent  partt.  ^er  it  hat  remained 
ibme  time  in  an  undifturbed  flate,  the 
cream  floats  upon  the  furface;  ic  it 
Che  leaft  in  qoaotity,  though  moii 
Boofilhing,  of  an  oily  balfamic  fub* 
ftance  and  inflammable  in  itt  nature, 
at  the  butur  which  it  made  from  it 
plainly  demonflratct. 

A  lady,  before  whom  I  once  madft 
fome  experimentt,  aflced  me  why  the 
cream  floated  upon  the  furface,  for 
bciag,  continued  fhe,  the  thickeft  part. 
Slight  it  not  rather  to  fink  to  the  bot- 
tom ?  1  told  her  it  wat  the  thickeft 
part,  to  be  fure,  but  at  the  fame  time 
it  wat  alfo  the  lighted  ;  fpecificalJy  fo, 
at  oil  is  lighter  than  water,  luid  there- 
fore rites  to  the  top. 

The  cream  being  taken  off,  the  re- 
miimflgmilk  appears  bluiih,  and  thin- 
ner than  t)etbre,  and  when  thus  rob- 
bed of  its  thick  creamy  part,  it  confe- 
quently  is  not  fo  fmooth  to  the  palate. 

On  the  addition  of  runnet,  or  in- 
deed any  acid,  a  reparation  of  the 
two  remaining  partt  foon  takes  place, 
and  we  difcovcr  the  curd.    Thit  bsing 

March,  1768. 


at  htavieft,  when  feparated from  the 
[ley,  filUs  to  the  bottom.  It  it  the 
•leaft  valuable  part  of  the  milk,  gluti- 
nout  in  itt  nature,  and  compofed  of 
the  moft  earthy  partidet,  being  alfo 
of  an  adringent  quality. 

The  third  and  only  remaininjr  part, 
being  the  whey  of  the  milk,  it  the 
largob  in  quantity,  of  a  diluting  and 
cleanfing  property. 

Let  us  now  b^  this  fbndard  compare 
the  difierent  kindt  of  milk  moftly  in 
ufe  with  us,  and  apply  them  to  the 
purpofet  for  which  they  feem  belt  cal- 
culated. 

The  human  milk,  when  drawn  from 
the  breaff,  has  exactly  the  fame  blutfli 
appearance  at  cows  milk  when  the 
cream  it  taken  off.  It  affords  very 
little  cream,  and  but  a  fmall  quantity 
of  curd,  therefore  the  whey  conftitotet 
the  chief  part ;  but  the  more  healthy 
the  woman  it,  and  particularly  if  be- 
tween the  age  of  twenty  and  thirty, 
the  more  her  milk  aboundt  with  rich 
creamy  balfam,  and  the  more  it  alfo 
containt  of  the  curd  or  earthy  parti- 
det }  probably  from  her  contiitution 
being,  at  thit  time,  in  full  vigour, 
and  the  digeftive  powert  therefore 
more  perfe£t. 

Thefe  obfervationt  will  point  out 
thoKbeft  fubftitute  where  the  breaft  it 
denied,  and  will  likewife  dire^  thofe 
who  prefer  wet  nurfing  in  the  choice 
of  the  propereft  perfon,  for  there  it, 
in  my  opinion,  an  ^qual  objedlion  a- 
gainft  the  milk  of  a  very  young  girl, 
at  againfl:  that  of  a  woman  almoft  ^aO: 
child-bearing.  The  cleanfing  quality, 
before  taken  notice  of  in  the  bread  of 
new  milk,  will  alfo,  together  with  rea- 
fon  and  experience,  (hew  the  proprie- 
ty of  recommending  thofe  women 
who  have  not  been  long  delivered. 

Afles  milk  it  generally  allowed  to  be 
the  neared  to  the  human,  and  accord- 
ing to  the  above  experimentt  we  find  it 
lb,  abounding  modly  with  whey,  and 
having  little  of  the  cream  or  curd  in 
ic.  iience,  after  a  fevere  6t  of  illnefs, 
where  the  body  is  much  emaciated, 
and  the  ftomach  weak,  or  where  the 
blood  is  loaded  with  (liarp  acrid  hu- 
mours, the  cleanfing  quality  of  afles 
milk  defcrves  a  preference  to  that  of 
any  other  animal  whifh  is  ufed  for  thit 
purpofe.  In  consumptive  cafes,  or 
where  thera  is  a  flow  habitual  fever,  it 
it  iudly  to  be  preferred,   until  fuch 

K  »ime 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


T^pTfifent  MUk*s  airdting^ 


time  at  tile  eottftitutiott  mty  bevf  g^Soki- 
cda  little  ftreogth»  when  the  roOre 
aourifbing  ought  to  fupplyr  its  (trengtlu 

Mare's  milk  is  efteemed  to  be  much 
Ihe  fame  at  tiles^  but  thia  indeed  it 
in  very  little  ufe.  j 

Cows  niilk  comet  next  under  confi- 
(deration.  This  appears  to  be  tbi 
richeft,  and  moft  nourifhing  of  any 
of  tlie  brutes  milk  here  mentionecL 
Ji  abounds  with  a  great  deal  of  cream, 
for  after  flanding  tw^ve  hours  and 
being  (kimmed,  it  appears  equal  to 
any  other  milk.  It  contains  alfo  a 
large  quantity  of  curd,  and,  after  all» 
even  the  whey  is  by  far  more  nutriti- 
€^9  than  any  other. 

We  obferved  that  afTes  milk,  in  the 
experimenti,  moftjy  refembles  the  hu* 
man.  Why  then  not  prefer  that  to 
cows  milk  for  the  food  of  chHdren  ?  I 
do  not  totally  deny  the  ufe  of  this 
milk  for  that  purpofe,  but  in  our  part 
of  the  country  it  is  vtry  expenfive^ 
«nd  cannot  be  obtained  in  any  large 
(quantity,  for  which  reafon  it  would 
be  impracticable  to  bring  it  into  genco 
ral  ufie. 

There  is  likewife  another  reafon 
prhicb  inclines  we  to  give  a  preference 
to  cows  milk,  for  notwithftanding  the 
Amilarity  of  human  milk  to  that  of 
an*es,  the  €xfi  may  well  be  foppofed 
inoft  iit'engthening,  (ince  women  ufu« 
ally  feed  on  animiil  as  well  as  ve^a* 
ble  diet,  while  the  brutes  we  ipeak 
•  pf  are  confined  intirely  to  vM;etables. 
Whence,  if  we  fubftitute  ailes  miUc, 
we  (hall  fall  fhort  of  the  nouri/hmeut 
nature  defigned  for  us,  and  thereforei 

{or  a  young  child  who  requires  a 
ieartnin|^  diet,  the  milk  of  cows,  in 
my  opinion,  it  preferable,  as  the 
f  ichneTs  of  it  is,  in  fome  meafure,  ade* 
quate  to  the  fuppofed  difference  in 
the  qualities  of  human  milk,  and  that 
of  other  animals. 

The  milk  of  (heep,  and  goatt,  con- 
fids  moftly  of  the  curd»  or  earthy  par- 
ticles ;  hence,  where  the  blood  vefi'cls 
are  injured  b^  a(!rid  humours,  and 'fre- 
quent bleedings  happen  from  this 
caufe  {  or  where  children  are  fubjeCl  to 
the  rickets,  from  a  weaknefs  of  the 
bones,  that  milk  which  abounds  moft- 
ly  with  the  curd,  or  cheefy  part,  fccma 
beft  calculated  to  anfwer  the  inten- 
tion {  its  earthy,  mucilaginous,  and 
aftringent  property,  having  the  grcat- 
^  tendencjr  rb  heal  fuch  ruptured  vef^ 


Mkrch 


Mfif  tnd^lOtgive  a  Mrmntk  tb.  thi 
bones  :  but  as  thefe  milks  pofiTefs  lefs 
of  the  cleaniing  power,  it  will,  in  moft 
cafbsi  particularly  il>  bleedingi,  be  prO<> 
per  to  ufe  the  more  attenuating  kind  firft. 

We  hav<  now  examined  the  different 
milks  familiar  to  us<  and  from  their  diffs- 
rent  properties  pointed  out  the  end 
each  lort  feems  beft  calculated  to  an* 
fwer  i  whence  every  perfon  wiH  quick* 
iy  be  determined  which  to  give  the 
preference  to  in  particular  complaints* 

When  any  one  firk  begina  to  eat 
milk,  efpecially  if  a  free  liver,  it  snay 
probably  purge  a  little,  but  fucb  in* 
conveniencies  will  moft  commonly  be 
removed  by  accuftoming  the  conftitu*- 
tion  to  the  ufe  of  it,  and  bwiling  the 
niiik  will  in  a  great  meafure  jfurevent 
this  eftect,  I  have  always  remarked 
that  thofe  who,  by  reafon  of  a  pam^ 
pered  appetite,  complain  of  miikand 
vegetables  being  windy,  and  not  a- 
ereeing  with  them,  are  Ihe  v^  per<> 
ions  who  moft  require  fucb  a  dier«  for 
^t^is  the  debauched  ftate  of  the  flonwch 
and  bowek  that  occafions  their  un* 
eafineft,  which  this  rcgimoi  feemt  tbf 
moft  likely  to  corre^. 

I  have  recommended  a  little  fait  to 
be  mixed  with  milk  before  it  is  given 
to  children,  if  they  are  apt  to  throw  it 
up  curdled  {  and  Hiail  mention  the 
experiment  which  induced  me  tv  give 
that  advice,  iince  it  is  equally  worthy 
the  attention  of  grown  peHbns,  fome 
of  whom  make  this  an  obje£Hon  to 
their  eating  milk,  as  I  am  inclined 
to  believe  luch  precaution  will  render 
it  agreeable  to  moft  conftitutions. 

I  put  two  ounces  of  miHc,  warm 
as  it  comes  from  the  cow,  into  a  tea 
cup  with  a  little  common  falt^  I  put 
the  fame  quantity,  of  the  like  warmth, 
into  another  tea  cm^  without  fait. 
Then  dropping  a  very  little  diftiUed 
vinegar  into  each,  a  liard  curd  pre- 
fently  appeared  in  that  milk  -which 
had  no  fait  in  it,  While  the  other  with 
the  fait  was  fcarccly  altered. 

I  tried  tlie  fame  experiment  again 
with  a  large  tea  fpoonful  of  ^runnet, 
and  obferv^  the  milk  which  had  the 
lalt  in  it,  to  continue  in  ii6  fluid  (late) 
while  the  other  grew  thick  and  tur- 
bid, and  almoft  i»>ftant1y  (qi.irated  in- 
to curds  and  whey.  This  laft  experi- 
ment anfwered  the  beft,  and  is  much 
more  to  our  purpofe  ihan  the  ft>riner. 
From  tUeD;  hints  it  ieems  reakmabie 

w 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ijSS. 


tiijiory  of  tit  Irifli  Offtnnial  SiU. 


nt 


tD  Mndoie,  tkat  fah  taktn  with  Tnilk 
■%kt  •qvalty  prerent  the  curdling  of 
k,  irficre  diere  it  an  acklky  in  the 
iwnach;  and  froin  experience,  in  re- 
cBaioeodisg  it  to  cMIdren  who  ufed 
to  tlvow  ap  their  milk  in  a  cnrdted 
ittt,  I  na  convinced  of  its  utility. 

In  all  cafes  where  infirmities  or  age 
leyire  a  prudent  regimen,  I  have  di- 
seted  a  fimiUr  care  to  that  of  dieting 
dnklren.  Milk  therefore,  con>pre» 
hcada  a  very  material  part  of  Aich 
fead,  aad  1  am  fully  perfuaded  that  if 
it  were  iBore  tmirerfaMy  tiled,  the 
worid  in  generat  woald  be  greatly  be- 
nefited. I  do  not,  however,  mekn  to 
ht  «iderftood  that  I  debar  thole  from 
areafimable  quantity  of  animal  food, 
who  are  capable  of  dtgeftin^  it.  But 
fiKh  3e  are  emaciated  by  itlnefs,  or 
hawe  the  OMtAMtune  to  hbonr  nndei^ 
lanty  complaiiits,  Aich  alA>  ^rho  are 
cao&mpttvely  incVmed,  or  thofe  who 
faaaccraxy,  inftrm  conftitntions,  and 
re  iiibte^  to  an  habkual  feverifh  dir" 


was  brought  into  the  Houfc  of  Cooi<« 
mons,  and  pafied  $  and,  agreieabls  to 
the  conftitutfbn  of  that  kingdom,  the 
bill  Was,  as  the  next  ftep  tpwards  its 
pafling  jrtto  a  law,  tranfmitted  to  Eng- 
land. Here  it  is  to  be  obfcrved,  that 
the  true  rcafoh  of  the  Commons  paf- . 
(ing  the  biil,  was  not  fo  much  thtf 
ftrong  and  pofitive  commands  of  tbeiz* 
conftituents,  as  the  hopes  which  even 
the  Iri(h.  patriots  themfelves  enter-' 
tained,  who  had  with  fo  much  alacrity 
and  fpirit  propagated  the  idea  of  a  fcp* 
tennial  bill  through  the  kingdom^ 
that  it  would  be  xejcftcd  in  England. 
And  in  order  to  go  as  far  as  pofTible 
towards  making  this  hoped-for  rejec-' 
tion  certain,  they  drew  up  the  pream- 
ble in  the  ftrain  of,  Whereas  it  is  ti^ 
UMJouhfed  rtght  of  tie  people  of  Ireland  t$ 
a  more  frequent  choice  of  tbetr  refrefert' 
tati^esy  &c.  No  man  In  his  fenfei 
could  fiirely  think  that  the  way  to  ac- 
compli Ox  a  refignation  of  fo  much 
power  by  the  crov^n,    was  By  demand^ 


will   do  rt^hc  to    eat  deih  *or  by  an  aflertion  that  fuch  power  was 


•sly  OAce  in  the  day,  and,  for  the 
reft  of  cbeir  nosriihment,  to  live  aU 
Bwt»  ^f  aot  altogether  upon  iriXkr 

Trul^fipry^tfthe  Irilh  OaeaMialBHl- 

totieZdtiorof  its  Political  Regifter; 
SIR, 

TfiE  people  of  rrsland  have  at 
kngth  obtained  the  objed  of 
their  fincere  and  ardent  wiihes,  viz. 
a  biH  for  limiting  the  duration  of  par- 
liaweott  i«  that  kincdora.  Bat  the 
bsS:ory  of  tfds  tranfaSion  is  not  a  Ht- 
tie  corioas,  and  therefore  deferves  to 
he  recorded  with  the  other  extraordi-  « 
aary  politicks  of  the  times,  l^ft  year, 
the  ekAoirt  of  Ireland  inftruAed  their 
re^efewtadves  on  the  fuhje^^-of  brings 
ti^  hi  and  paOiiig  a  bill  to  limit  tlie 
doratioa  of  their  parHament  to  feven 
years,  in  like  manner  as  the  parlia* 
iBCBt  <yf  Great-Britain  j  and  fb  eager 
sod  to  tmanimous  were  the  eleftors  ia 
their de^es  of  obtaimng  ihk  law,  that 
dKTt  was  fi:arce  a  town  or  county 
^rooghout  the  kingdom,  which  did 
■ot  mOtt  opon  their  repreCentatives 
aotiog  for,  and  fupporting  fuch  a  billf 
aad  foroe  of  them  went  fb  far  as  to 
eblige  their  members  to  mnkeoath  they 
woald  vote  for  it.  Accordingly,  when 
the  pirMameitt  met  in  liovembcr  1767, 
the  heads  of  a  bill  for  limiting  the  du- 
JMiea  of  parltameffits  to  ieveii  years 


unconftitutionally  with- held  from  the 
ftihie£(«  That  is  impoffible.  This 
cnrlous  preamble,  therefore,  undoubt^ 
t^)y  aroTe  out  of  the  motive  above* 
mentioned. 

In  this  ftate,  and  with  thefe  hopes^ 
the  bill  was  fent  to  England  about  the 
latter  end  of  November  1767.  It  lay 
under  confideration  till  the  end  of 
January  1768,  or  thereabouts*  Tha 
poor  people,  and  the  poor  reprcfcnta- 
lives,  were  all  thjs  time  under  the  moil 
dreadful  apprehcnfions  t  one  ardently 
and  inceflantly  oHering  up  their 
prayers  to  heaven  for  its  return  5 
the  other  wifliing,  but  not  daring  to 
s^vQw  their  wi(h,  that  it  might  con- 
tinue for  ever  under  confideration* 
The  m— rt,  fearing  the  odium  thty 
would  Incur  by  rejecting  the  bill,  and 
ibme  body  charitably  informing  them 
of  the  trap  that  was  laid  foi*  them, 
determined  at  length  to  return  it, 
•though  they  were  as  little  inclined  to 
this  ttep  as  the  Commons  were  to  the 
pa^ng  of  it ;  and  the  diAiculty,  or 
rather  the  jockeyfbip  between  them, 
waf  only  which  (h  ulJ  have  the  odiuui 
0/  its  failing  i  each  being  deiirous  of 
throwing  it  upon  the  other*  Such 
alterations  were  therefore  made  in  it, 
as  implied  on  the  part  of  the  Ad — d, 
the  molt  djrcft  oppofition  to  the  bill, 
and   which,    it  was  thought  and  ex- 

R  a  pcacd 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


132  '  F9urtb  Letter 

pe^ed,  would  eau(e  the  high  fpirited 
patriots  to  throw  it  out  with  indigna- 
tion. The  preamble  was  ftruck  out  \, 
X\it  word  fevcn  years  was  changed  to. 
eight  years  J  and  inftead  of  fuffcring 
t1)e  prcfent  parliament  to  continue 
/even  years  longer,  at  was  prapofed 
by  the  bill,  it  was  to  be  dirfblvcd  at 
the  end  oF  the  prefcnt  feflion.  With 
the fe  alterations  the  bill  was  returned. 
Upon  its  arrival  in  Ireland,  the  peo- 
ple hearing  that  fome  alterations  were 
made,  but  that  they  were  to  have  a 
frequent  choice  of  rcprefentatives  and 
a  new  election  immediately  j  and  fear- 
ing that  their  members  would  And 
fome  pretence  for  not  paiTmg  it,  they 
inftantly  began  to  aiTume  their  ori- 
ginal rights,  their  notions  of  which 
^hey  carried  to  a  greater  extent  than 
can  be  juftified  j  for  they  ailembied  in 
great  numbers  upon  College- green^ 
and  other  places  in  Dublin,  uttering 
the  moft  horrid  imprecations  of  venge- 
ance, if  their  rcprefentatives  refuled 
to  pafs  the  bill.  Twenty  thoufand 
men  at  one  time  furrounded,  and  fe- 
cored  all  the  avenues  leading,  to  the 

Sarliamont-houfe,  threatening  t>oth  to 
lurder  the  members,  and  to  pull 
down  the  houfe,  if'  the  bill  was  not 
paifed.  The  patribts  now  finding 
tbemfelves  caught  in  their  own  fnare^ 
and  feeing  and  fearing  the  fpirit  of  the 
people,  fuddenly  changed  about  j  they 
affeded  to  dif/eeard  the  affronts  given 
them  by  the  alterations  j  they  pre- 
tended to  pafs  the  bill  very  c»geiiy 
and  cheartully,  and  concluded  thia 
farce  of  fincerity,  with  an  addrefs  0/ 
thanks  for  being  to  be  diflblved  at 
the  end  of  the  prefent  fefTion. 

A  fourth  Letter  c/Rouflcau'J  19  Mr.  D. 

IN  addre fling  to  you  my  fourth 
letter*  I  mall  not  trouble  you 
,witU  a  long  introdu^ion.  I  refume, 
^y  dear  fiiend,  the  mortifying  hiftory 
.cf  the  mifery  of  man.  1  prefent  to 
him  a  looking-glafs,  but  he  tarnifhes 
it  with  his  breath  ;  and  in  a  moment 
after,  he  no  longer  remembers  what 
manner  of  being  ne  is. 

We  begin  our  exigence  in  cries 
and  in  tears  :  The  fird  marks  of  l\fe 
we  give,  are  the  marks  of  mifery  : 
And  if  we  would  fpeak  the  truth, 
upon  feeing  an  infant  open  its  feeble 
•yelids  to  the  light,  and  fhut  them 
again  in  an  inflant,   we  Ihould  fay. 


^f  Rouflfcau. 


March 


behoUl  dn  unhappy  beinrg  1  and  at  if 
it  forefaw,  that  it  wat  entering  into 
the  fociety  of  barbarians  and  favagct, 
its  tears  feem  to  demand  that  we 
(hould  treat  it  with  mildnefs.  Poor 
little  wretch  1  nature  is  thy  only  goidcf 
flie  forewarns  thee  of  danger;  ,and 
foon  fhalt  thou  find,  by  thy  omn  ex- 
perience, that  there  was  bat  too  much 
reafon  for  the  premonitions  ftke  gave 
thee. 

Scarce  do  we  be^n  to  lifp  out  the 

names,   the  tender  names,  of  father 

and  mother,  when  they  prepare  for  utf 

Puniflimentt  o£  every  kind, 

And  bookt  on  every  fubjed. 

As  we  advance  in  years,  our  fears 
encreafc;  and  thefe. arc  foon  followed 
by  anxiety  and  uneafinefs ;  till  at  laft 
our  heart  becomes  the  vi6tim  of  luft» 
and  a  prey  to  CTery  paflions  Monflera 
of  every  Kind  take  entire  pofTeffion  of 
it,  and  govern  it  with  an  abfolute  and 
uncontrouled  authority.  Thenceforth, 
dragged  along  by  the  whirlwind  of 
paffon,  and  sdternately  the  ft^pid  vo- 
tary of  effeminate  delight,  man  knowa 
no  other  rule  of  a^ion  than  the  grati- 
fication of  his  defiret,  and  the  enjoys 
ment  of  his  pleafures. 

Wretched  flavel  with  returnee 
does  he  carry  hit  chaiDt»  and  vet  U 
afraid  to  break  them.^  Oppreflcd  with 
the- load  of  his  mtferiet,  be  feels  the 
weight  of  his  irons :  but  why  fliould  I 
pity  him  ?  he  pitiet  not  bimfelf  2  be 
has  not  even  the  courage  to  break  the 
fetters  that  bind  him.  In  order,  if 
pofTible,  to  blunt  the  edge  of  bis  an- 
guifh,  he  throws  himfetfheedleisly  into 
.  the  midft  of  the  croud  ;  but,  vain  ef- 
fort 1  he  finds  nothing  there  but  what 
he  wanted  to  (hun.  Happy  aa  he 
thinks  htmfelf  in  the  enjoyment  of 
earthly*  objects,  he  perceives  not  thi 
difgrace  of  his  flavifh  condition.  Sub^ 
jeded  to  a  yoke  which  he  at  onc< 
loves  and  hates»  he  huggjs  the  ver] 
caufe  of  his  tormenting  pains. 

Tranfported  alternately  by  the  fuq 
of  revenge,  the  impetuo6ty  of  singer 
the  allurements  of  pleafure,  and  tk\ 
pruriency  of  luftj  inctflantly  tor 
men  ted  by  fear  and  by  hope,  by  th 
weakoefs  that  makes  him  fall  into  th 
fnare  that  is  laid  for  him,  and  the  re 
morfe  that  gnaws  his.  heart  for  havini 
been  fo  fiUy  at  to  be  caught  ;  alik 
troubled  by  the  bleilings  which  h 
has  not>  and  by  tbofc  which  he  has 

cvei 


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ty69.'  DefcripHonof  the 

vmrj  thing  attraAt,  but  nothing  can 
fix  him  i  every  thing  pleafes,  but  no- 
thing can  content  him  j  hit  heart  is 
a  motly  groupe  of  the  moft  contradic- 
tory pailions.  Deprived  of  all  hit 
privilegec»  he  no  longer  retains,  any 
thing  of  his  original  gnmdeur  but  tlft 
defire  of  being  happy,  and  the  mor- 
tification of  knowing  that  he  can  ne- 
ver be  To  in  the  poiTeuion  of  the  earthly 
objedt,  of  which  he  is  fo  fond.  Such  - 
b  the  life  of  man,  a  flux  and  a  reflux 
of  iiieoniiflencies  and  contraHi6lions ; 
and  we  are  never  really  ourfelves  but 
when  we  defcend  into  the  flili  fllence 
•f  the  gloomv  grave. 

Let  us  pau  then  to  death :  alas  1 
BBoft  men  pafs  to  it  but  too  foon  for 
them(eWes,  and  too  lat^  for  others. 
Come  hither,  proud  man  1  approach  * 
with  all  thy  ufual  oftentation  of 
pomp  and  magnificence:  fee  what  thou 
lialt  be,  a  hideous  fpe^lre  1  and  if  thou 
bafl  never  yet  blufhed,  learn  now  to 
do  it  5  for  here  nature  (hews  thee  thy 
real  defliny.  But  let  us  remove,  my 
dear  friend,  io  mournful  and  mortify- 
ing a  pi^ure,  of  which  I  only  give  a 
r«ugh  unfinilhed  flcetch.  All  flelh  is 
asgrafs,  and  all  the  glory  thereof  as 
the  flower  of  the  field:  The  gra(k 
withereth,  and  the  flower  dieth  away  : 
But  behold  a  new  fubje6t  of  humility 
aodabafement !  our  depravity  and  our 
mifieries  ftill  remain. 

Pardon  me,  ray  dear  Sir,  I  fati^e 
you  with  this  long  detail.  I  am  (en- 
lole  of  my  error,  and  will  therefore 
conclude.  Indeed  I  have  already  (aid 
too  nutch  ;  and,  in  truth,  I  am  hear- 
tily tired  myfeif  of  thus  always  preach- 
ing up  reafon  to  men  who  are  defli- 
tute  of  reafon.  Accept,  I  befeechyou, 
oiy  dear  friend,  my  moft  humble  and 
refpedful  compliments. 

J.  J.  Rousseau. 

d  Defcnpiiotf  of  the  Ifland  of  Anticofti, 
tf  T.  Wright,  ttuho  nvintered  on,  and 
fkr'-ueyed  that  Ifland^  by  order  of 
Governmentn 

THE  jflmd  of  Anticofti  is  fituated 
at  the  entrance  of  the  river  St. 
Lawrence,  between  the  parallels  of 
49*  4' and  49*  53' 15 'N.  latitude  and 
the  meridians  of  ^\^  5*' and  64**  35' 
Weft  longitude  from  London  deter- 
mined by  ten  obfervations  on  the 
cclipfcs  of  Jupit^r*8  firft  Satellite.  Its 
circuiafereiice  IS  a 8a  flatute  miles,  its 


Jfiani  of  Anticofti.    .         135 

length  li^mtlet,  and  its  breadth  from 
32  to  I  a  miles.  Tliis  ifland  contaioa 
1,699,840  acres  of  very  indiiferentlandi 
the  nature  of  the  foil  and  natural  pro- 
duce follow. 

The  land  in  general  is  compofed  •fa 
light  coloured  ftone,  which  is  of  a  foft 
crumbling  nature,  and  in  (bme  parts  it 
mixed  with  day.  After  digging  to  th« 
depth  of  about  two  feet,  you  meet  with 
fmall  flat-ftonet.  with  fcarce  any  other 
mixture. 

The  iea  coaft  from  the  South  Weft 
point,  to  the  Weft  point,  (including 
Ellis  Bay  and  Obfervation  River,)  is  in 
height  from  twenty  to  fihy  feet«  and' 
is  rooftly  covered  with  woods,  to  th« 
water's  edge. 

Ellis  Bay  afTordt  the  only  (helter  for 
veflels  in  this  large  ifland,  and  that  but 
a  very  indifferent  one,  which  would  bo 
greatly  expofed  to  the  fbutherly  winds* 
were  it  not  for  the  flioalt  which  extend 
from  each  fide  of  the  entrance,  near  two 
thirds  of  the  diftance  acrcfs  the  bay, 
by  which  means  they  retard  the  vio- 
lence of  the  fea  i  but  at  the  fame  time, 
they  endanger  veflels  in  entering  the 
bay  with  an  on  (hore  wind,  by  cauf- 
ing  a  great  fwell  on  the  bar,  on  which 
is  but  %\  fathoms  water. 

The  land  at  the  bottom  of  this  bay 
is  low  marfh,  and  produces  finaU  birch, 
and  fpruce  trees  of  different  forts. 

Obfervation  river  is  the  iargeft, 
and  runs  the  greateft  diftance  of  any 
in  the  ifland.  We  meafured  eight 
leagues  up  it  without  determining  its 
length.  This  river  is  remarkable  9 
for  notwitbftanding  its  fteep  banks, 
which  in  the  middle  of  the  ifland  are 
rocky  bluffs  about  one- hundred  feet 
in  height;  it  is  fordable  almoft  in 
every  part,  except  where  it  empties 
itfelf  into  the  lea.  The  bottom  is 
ftony,  a!nd  the  water  exceeding  dear. 
This  river  will  admit  of  fmall  veflels 
at  the  entrance,  and  at  the  time  of 
high  water,  which  i»  ver^  regular  here 
at  the  full  and  change  of  the  moon  at 
%\  hours. 

The  entrance  of  it  is  formed  by 
two  gravel  points,  which  are  conti- 
nually (Infting  their  fituation  in  a  gale 
of  wind  from  the  wellward,  fo  that 
at  one  time  its  Ineadth  viill  not  be 
more  than  twenty  yards,  and  at  other 
times  150  yards,  and  in  the  fall  of  the 
year  is  liable  to  be  entirely  choakcd 
Up,    fo   as   to  be   impalFable,    which 

really 


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Seals,  S  b  a-c  o  vs,  tie. 


134 

rtallf  liapptncd  when  the  ei|tlkio6tf al 
gtlei  prevsuled  in  the  month  of  Sep- ' 
ttmbcr,  a  few  dayi  after  w«  had  got 
owr  reflM  into  the  river. 

I  am  of  opinion^  that  the  feal  fiffiery 
might  be  carried  on  here  with  feme 
faccefe  in  the  ipnnj^  of  the  year  j  thefe 
creatttres,  at  the  time  of  hish  water, ' 
eftier  the  river  in  great  faodiet ,  «Ad 
ai*e  very  carefuV  to  We  out  agiin  be- 
fore the  tide  quits  them,  winch  might 
be  cafily  prevented  by  a  net  properly 
]tkiced  at  the  entrance  of  the  nver. 

The  8e»-cows  freqnent  the  South 
weft  point  in  the  fall  of  the  year,  but 
not  many  in  number,  and  in  fuch  a 
place,  as  would  rencfhr  It  impoflible 
to  cut  them  off. 

This  tfland  is  fo  well  watered,  that 
in  the  fpace  of  t^wy  mile  round  tts 
coaft,  you*n  either  meet  with  a  fmaU 
rivuleC  or  run  of  frefh  water. 

TI^  land  from  the  South  Weft 
point  to  the  Eaft  point,  is  chiefly  low 
heaths  of  black  turf,  fuch  as  is  ufed 
for  fiiel,  heart  no  wood  for  the  fpace 
of  two  miles  from  the  fea-(hore,  and 
contains  many  fmall  lakes  and  ponds, 
where  a  prodigious  number  of  wild 
fowl  reibrt  in  the  %rtng  to  breed  up 
their  younj;. 

Tlie  land  on  the  North  (ide  from  the 
Weft  point  to  Bear  Cspe,  It  very 
billy  Aear  the  middle  of  the  Hland, 
and  wdl  wooded  with  birch,  fpniCe, 
lei^A  pkie  of  a  middUng  fize,  the 
largeft  not  exceeding  fttteen  fffchcf 
dianreter. 

Thefe  hills  with  a  gradual  defcent 
form  an  edging  of  low  grafs  land  with 
wtUow  trees  along  the  fea-coaft. 

The  ifland,  from  Bear  Cape,  to  the 
Eaft  point,  contains  feveral  (mail  bays, 
the  extKn>e  points  of  which,  arc  high 
white  clifft,  which  lofe  themfeWcs  in  a 
regular  defoenr,  and  form  between 
them  a  fine  low  (and  beach,  out  of 
which  tifues  feveral  rivulets  or  dreams 
of  frefh  water. 

The  fruits,  herbs,  plants,  and  ve- 
getables which  are  the  natural  produce 
of  this  ifland,  are  cranberries,  goofe- 
berries,  ft ra wherries,  huckle'berries,' 
red  Indian- berries,  juniper- berries, 
peas,  parfley  onions,  lambfquaters,  or 
wild  rpinnage,  Indian  potatoes,  farfa- 
parilla,  maidenhair,  and  Indian  tea. 

The  bears,  who  are  the  principal 
onhabitants  of  this  ifland,  are  fo  nu- 
merous, that  in  the  fpace  of  fw  weeks« 


March 

we  killed  fifty-three,  tnd  nnght  have 
deftroyed  twice  that  number  if  w« 
had  thought  fit.  Thefe  animals,  da* 
ring  the  winter  feafon,  Hve  in  the  hol- 
lows under  the  roots  of  trees,  and  ic' 
is  afTerted  fbr  fa6^,  that  they  receive 
no  other  kind  of  nourifhment  during 
that  time»  but  from  fucking  their  paws^ 
It  is  higlilv  probable,  that  they  live  in 
a  torpid  ftate  in  fevere  frofts^  iis  we' 
neither  fiiw  one  of  them,  or  even  their 
tracks  in  the  fnow  daring  the  winter. 
They  come  out  of  their  holes  in  the 
month  of  April,  exceeding  poor,  and 
feed  on  fifh  and  fea  weed  that  is  caftf 
on  fhore.  In  fummer,  they  feed  oit 
berries  sind  roots,  for  which  they  fearch 
very  diligently,  by  grubbing  along  the 
fea-fhore  after  the  manner  of  fwinc- 
Thefe  animals  hate  been  fo  little  mo* 
lefted  by  mankind,  that  we  have  fire- 
ouently  paiTed  near  them  without  their 
difcovering  the  leaft  fear;  nor  did 
they  ever  fhew  any  inclination  to  at- 
tack us,  except  only  the  females  \^ 
defence  of  their  young.  The  largMl 
of  thefe  bears  weigh  about  three  hun- 
dred pounds,  and  are  very  good  meat. 
In  this  ifland,  there  arc  alfo  foxes» 
martins,  and  otters  \  the  foxes  are  ve- 
ry numerous,  and  are  of  two  colours, 
the  filver  grcv,  and  red,  partridges, 
are  fcarce,  and  are  entirely  white. 

Of  the  water  fowl  there  arc  the  greats 
eft  plenty^  and  fome  of  them  of  a  fpe- 
cies  peculiar  to  tliis  country. 

Fifh  are  very  fcarce  along  the  coaft 
of  tlrjs  ifland,  except  near  the  call 
poinr,  w1»ere,  about  the  diftancc  of 
three  leagues  to  the  northward  of 
that  point,  is  a  fmall  fifhing  bank. 

Whales  (that  have  been  bounded, 
and  efcaped)  are  fometimes  eaft  on 
fhore  on  the  fbnth  fide  of  this  ifland  ; 
for  the  fouth  weft  point  forming  * 
long  bay  with  the  weft  point,  and  fa-  - 
cing  the  weftward,  a  prevailing  wjnid 
from  that  quarter,  and  a  ftrong  cur* 
rent  fetting  down  the  river  St.  Law- 
rence, drives  them  afliore  on  this  oart 
of  the  ifland,  where  the  Indians,  from 
the  main  land,  crofllng  over  in  the 
fummer  to  hunt,  frequently  ftnd  tbeni. 
The  winter  that  we  fpent  on  thia 
ifland  was  very  fevere,  there-  being 
froft  at  difFereht  times,  from  the  15th 
day  of  September,  to  the  lift  day  of 
June  following,  on  which  day  I  broke 
a  thin  fkin  of  ice  on  a  pond,  and  on 
tilt  ijift  day  of  May»  meafMrcd  a  bank 

of 


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17^8- 


Jmprovemenis  nt  Persfield. 


135 


if  fnow  w^ick  Iftjr  near  the  fea»  eleTtfo 
feet  perpendicalar  height,  and  half  a 
fflUe  in  length.  We  bad  two  conti* 
sued  frofta  night  and  day,  the  one 
lifted  from  the  iitb  day  of  November 
to  the  6th  day  of  January  $  and  the 
ather,  from  the  nth  of  the  fame 
month,  to  the  13d  day  of  March  fol- 
kming ;  during  each  of  thefe  fet  froftsi 
tte  thermomecer  was  from  ten,  twen* 
ty,  thirty,  to  forty- fcven  degrees  he- 
lev  the  fr^zing  mark,  and  the  fea 
feidom  to  be  feen  for  the  quantity  of 
ice  and  fnow  which  wat  fpnead  over 
ilB  lurface. 

There  is  a  report  which  prevails  a« 
iMmgit  the  French,  but  how  well 
grounded,  I  cannot  fay,  that  a  filver 
Bune  was  difcovered  on  the  fouth  fide 
of  this  ifland,  tip  a  fmall  river  about 
ix  leagites  from  the  weft  point,  and 
^t  {om^  of  the  ore  yras  taken  to 
France,  but  I  had  not  time  to  make  a 
proper  iearch  after  it. 

A  great  number  of  veflets  have  for- 
■»edy  been  wrecked  on  the  eaftern 
p3rt  of  this  ifland,  which  mav  now 
calily  be  accounted  for,  at  by  the  bed 
draughts  hitherto  made,  it  appears  on 
the  preient  a^ual  furvey,  to  be  twelve 
leagues  fliort  of  its  real  length,  and 
c(»Sderably  out  of  its  iicuatton,  both 
ia  latitude  and  longitude. 

I  am,  Sir,  ice.        T.  R. 

hriber  Extraas  from  A  ^\x  Weeks 
Tour  through  the  Southern  Coon* 
ties  of  England  and  Wales, 

ptfcriptiom  of  Mr.  Morris'/  famous  Im- 
provemtnts  at  Persfield  near  Chep- 
itow,  is  Monmoutbfhire. 

IF  your  purpofe  is  feeing  Persfield, 
you  go  from  Chepftow  up  the 
Monmouth  roaii,  (unlefs  you  go  by 
water,  which  is  a  pieafant  Icherae 
eoobgh)  and  pafs  dircftly  to  the 
iioufe  :  we  were  ihcwn  to  an  adjoin- 
ing part  of  the  garden,  which  con- 
fined of  flopes  and  waving  lawns, 
having  (bruboy*  trees  Icattercci  about 
tbem  with  great  tattc,  and  ilriking 
iown  a  (hort  walk  a  little  to  the  left, 
ome  at  once  to  a  little  fequeftered 
ifof,  (haded  by  a  fine  beach  tree, 
vliich  commands  a  landfcape,  too 
beamifui  for  fuch  a  daubing  pencil 
u  mine  to  attempt  to  paint  {  Mr. 
Dodfley,  with  bis  dells  and  his  din- 
|eUs,  and  fmch  e^fre£ive  terms ^  might 


make  amends  for  the  mweX  of  a  Ciaii4 
Loraine ;  however,  fnch  an  idea  at 
my  plain  language  will  give  you,  fol- 
lows ;  '  *  This  little  fpot,  over  whidi 
the  beach  tree  fprcads,  is  levelled  itt 
the  vaft  rock,  which  forms  the  (hone 
of  the  river  Why,  through  Mr.  Mor^ 
ris's  ground ;  this  rock,  which  it  to« 
tally  covered  with  a  ihrubby- under* 
wood,  is  almoft  perpendicular  front 
the  water  to  the  rail  which  inclofet 
the  point  of  view.  One  of  the  fweet« 
eft  valleys  ever  beheld  lies  immediate- 
ly beneath,  but  at  fuch  a  depth,  that 
every  object  is  diminiflied,  and  ap* 
pears  in  miniature.  This  valley  coa« 
nfts  of  a  complete  farm,  of  about 
forty  inclofures,  grafs,  and  corn-fields* 
interfedled  by  hedges,  with  many  trees} 
it  is  a  peninfula  almoft  furronnded  hf 
the  river,  which  winds  directly  be^ 
neath,  in  a  manner  wonderfully  ro- 
mantic $  and  what  maker  ihe  whole 
pidui-e  perfed,  is  iu  being  entirely 
furrounded  by  vaft  rocks  and  preci-> 
pices,  covered  thick  with  Wood,  down 
to  the  very  water's  edge.  The  whole 
is  an  amphitheatre,  which  feemt  dropt 
from  the  clouds,  complete  in  all  itt 
beauty. 

From  thence  we  turned  to  the  leff^ 
through  a  winding  walk  cut  out  of 
the  rock;  but  with  wood  enough 
againft  the  river  to  prevent  the  hor- 
rors, which  would  otherwife  attend 
the  walking  on  fuch  a  precipice :  after 
pafling  through  a  hay- field,  the  con- 
traft  to  thd  preceding  views,  we  en* 
tered  the  woods  again,  and  came  to  at 
bench  inclofed  with  Chinele  rails  in 
the  rock,  which  commands  the  fame 
valley  and  river  all  fringed  with  wood? 
fome  great  rocks  in  front,  and-  joft 
above  them  the  river  Severn  appeart^ 
with  a  boundlefs  profpc€l  beyond  it. 

A  little  further  we  met  with  ano- 
ther bench  inclofed  with  iron  rails,  on 
a  point  or  the  rock  which  here  is  pen^ 
dent  over  the  river,  and  may  b^  tru- 
ly called  a  fituation  full  oF  the  terri- 
ble fublime  t  You  look  immediately 
down  upon  a  vaft  hollow  of  wood,  all 
furrourvded  by  the  woody  precipices 
which  have  fo  fine  an  cffe^^l  from  all 
the  points  of  view  at  Persfield  }  m  the 
midit  appears  a  (mall,  bur  neat  build- 
ing, the  bathing^houfc,  which,  though 
none  of  the  heft,  appears  from  this 
enormous  height,  but  as  a  fpot  of 
wbite^  in  the  midft  of  the  vaft  range 

of 


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136 


Romantic 


of  green  s  Towards  the  right  is  fecn 
the  windui|;  of  the  river. 

From  this  if  oty  which  feems  to  be 
pu(bed  forward  on  the  rock  by  the 
Dold  hands  of  the  genii  of  the  place* 
you  proceed  to  the  temple,  a  froall 
Aeat  building  on  the  hi^heft  part  of 
thcfe  grounds  $  and  imagination  can- 
not form  an  idea  of  any  thine;  more 
beautiful  than  what  appears  full  to 
your  raviihed  iight  from  this  amazing 
point  of  view.  You  look  down  upon  an 
tlie  woody  precipices,  as  if  in  another 
region,  terminated  by  a  wall  of  rocks  j 
juft  above  them  appears  the  river  Se- 
vern in  fo  peculiar  a  manner,  that  you 
would  fwear  it  waihed  them,  and  that 
nothing  parted  you  from  it  but  thoCe 
rocks,  which  are  in  reality  four  or 
ive  miles  diftant.  This  diceptio  infis 
is  the  moft  exquifite  I  ever  beheld, 
for  viewing  fir/l  the  river  beneath 
you,  then  the  vaft  rocks  rifiug  in  a 
Ihore  of  precipices,  and  imm^iately 
above  them  the  noble  river  Severn,  as 
if  a  part  of  the  little  world  immediate- 
ly before  you;  and  laftly,  all  the 
^ndlefs  profpe£t.  over  6louccilcr- 
iiire,  are,  together,  fuch  a  bewitch- 
ing view,  that  nothing  can  exceed  it, 
and  contains  more  romantic  variety, 
with  fuch  an  apparent  jun^ion  of  le- 
jaarate  parts,  that  imagination  can 
ibarcely  conceive  any  thing  equal  to 
the  amazing  reality.  The  view  of  the 
right,  over  the  park,  and  the  wind- 
ing valley  at  the  bottom  of  it,  wouUI, 
from  any  other  fpot  but  this,  be 
thought  remarkably  fine. 

The  winding  road  down  to  the  cold 
bath,  is  cool,  fcqueClertd,  and  agree- 
able. The  buildmg  itfelf  is  cxccflively 
»eat»  and  well  contrived,  and  the 
O^"**?*  which  fupplics  it,  plentiful  and 
tranlparent.  You  wind  from  it  up  the 
rock)  but  here,  I  mud  be  aiJo«ivcd 
juft  to  hint  a  want,  if  any  thing  can 
be  wanted  in  fuch  a  fpot  as  Per^field. 
This  walk  from  the  cold  bath  is  dark 
and  rather  gloomy,  but  breaks  and 
obiefls  are  rather  fcarce  in  it;  the 
trickling  flream  you  have  juft  left, 
puts  one  in  mind  of  a  cafcade,  which 
would  be  here  vaftly  beautiful,  but 
does  not  appear  throughout  all  the 
walks  of  Persiicld.  On  the  left,  to- 
wards the  valley,  there  is  a  prodigious 
ituilow  filled  with  a  thick  wood,  which 
a»iuoil  bangs  beneath  you :  from  the 
I 


Views.  March 

walk,  an  opening  down  Mirough  this 
wood  might  eafily  be  made,  with  juft 
light  enough  let  in,  to.fhew  to  advan- 
tage the  gu(h  of  a  cafcade  :  To  look 
backwards,  aflant  upon  fuch  an  objeft* 
would  be  infinitely  pidlurefque  amidft 
the  brownefs  of  this  hanging  grove. 
I  know  not  whether  water  could  be 
brought  there  ;  but  if  it  could,  never 
was  there  fituation  for  viewing  it  t9 
fuch  advantage. 

Fading  on,  there  are  two  breaks 
from  this  walk,  which  opens  to  the 
valley  in  a  very  agreeable  manner, 
and  then  leads  through  an  extremely 
romantic  cave,  hollowed  out  of  the 
rock,  and  opening  to  a  fine  point  of 
view.  At  the  mouth  of  this  cave  fome 
fwivel  guns  are  planted ;  the  firing  of 
which  .occafion  a  repeated  echo  trom 
rock  to  rock  in  a  moft  furprizing  man- 
ner. Nor  inuft  you  pafs  through  this 
ivalk  without  obferving  a  remarkable 
phenomenon  of  a  large  oak,  of  a^reat 
age,  growing  out  of  a  cleft  of  the 
rock,  without  the  leaft  appearance  of 
any  earth.  Purfuing  this  walk,  as  it 
ri(es  up  the  rocks,  and  pafles  by  the 
point  of  view  firft  mentioned,  you  ar- 
rive at  a  bench,  which  commands  a 
view  delicious  beyond  all  imagination  s 
On  the  left  appears  the  valky  beneath 
you,  with  the  river  winding  many 
hundred  fathom  perpendicular  be- 
neath, the  whole  uirroundcd  by  t1ie 
vail  amphitheatre  of  wooded  rocks  : 
and  to  the  right  you  look  full  upon 
the  town  of  Chepftow ;  beyond  it  the 
valt  Severn's  windings,  and  a  prodi. 
gious  profpcfl  bounding  the  whole. 
Whenever  you  come  to  Pcrsfield,  i^ft 
yourfclf  fome  time  at  this  bench,  for 
believe  me,  it  is  a  capital  one. 

From  thence  an  agreeable  walk, 
(haded  on  one  fide  with  a  great  n\inr«* 
ber  of  very  fine  I'pruce  firs,  leads  you 
to  an  irregular  jundlion  of  winJingr 
walks,  witii  many  large  trees  growing 
from  the  fequeftrred  lawn,  in  a  man- 
ner pkafmg  to  any  one  of  lafte,  au<| 
figures  in  a  very  iiriking  manner,  by 
contralt  to  what  prefcntly  fucceeds, 
which  is  a  view  j  at  the  very  idea  ol^ 
del'cribing  which,  my  pen  drops  from 

my  hand  : No,  my  good  friend, 

the  eyes  of  your  imagination  arc  not 
keen  enough  to  take  in  this  point, 
which  the  united  talents  of  a  Claud, 
a  PouiTm,    a  Vcrnet,    and  a  Smith, 

would 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 

would  fcarccly  be  able  to  (ketch.  Full 
to  the  left,  appears  beneath  you,  the 
valley,  in  all  its  beautiful  elegance, 
farroundcd  by  the  ronnantic  rockv 
woods ;  which  might  be  called  (to  uie 
mother's  expreffion)  a  coarfe  felvage 
of  canvas  around  a*  fine  piece  of 
lawn.  In  the  front,  rifes  from  the 
botlow  of  the  river,  a  prodigious  wall 
of  formidable  rocks,  and  immediately 
aSove  them,  in  breaks,  winds  the 
Severn,  as  if  parted  from  you  only  by 
them;  On  i\\t  right  is  fcen  the  town 
and  caille,  amidll  a  border  of  wood, 
with  the  Severn  above  them,  and 
over  the  whole,  as  far  as  the  eye  can 
command,  an  immenfe  profpe£l  of 
fliftant  country.  I  leave  your  imagi- 
Ration  to  give  the  colours  to  this  mere 
outline,  which  is  all  I  can  attempt. 

The  (loping  walk  of  ever-greens, 
which  leads  from  them,  is  remarkably 
beautiful  in  profpef^,  for  the  town  and 
the  country  above  it  appears  perpetu- 
ally varying  as  you  move  5  each  mo- 
ment prefenting  a  fre(h  pifture,  till 
the  whole  is  loft  by  defceiiding.  You 
next  meet  with  the  grotto,  a  point  of 
view  exquifitely  beautiful  j  it  is  a  (mall 
c^ve  in  the  rock,  ftuck  with  ftones  of 
various  kinds ;  copper,  and  iron  cih- 
doi,  &c.  Yon  look  from  the  f(pal 
in  it  immediately  down  a  ftecp  fldpe 
on  to  a  hollow  of  wood,  bounded  in 
front  by  the  cfaggy  rocks,  which 
ieem  to  part  you  from  the  Severn  in 
breaks  ;  with  the  diftant  country,  fpot- 
ted  with  white  buildings  above  all; 
forming  a  landfcape  as  truly  pi^u- 
refque  as  any  in  the  world.  The 
winding  walk,  which  leads  from  the 
giotro,  varies  from  any  of  the  former; 
far  the  town  of  Chepftow,  and  the  va- 
rious neighbouring  obje£ts,  break  on 
you  through  the  hedge,  as  you  pafs 
aJong,  in  a  manner  very  beautiful : 
—  pafTing  over  a  little  bridge  which  is 
thrown  acrofs  a  road  in  a  hollow  way 
through  the  wood,  you  conne  to  a 
break  upon  a  fcoop  of  wood  aldne, 
which  being  different  from  the  reft, 
pieafes  as  well  by  its  novelty,  as  its 
romantic  variety.  Further  on,  from 
the  fame  walk,  arc  two  other  breaks 
which  let  in  rural  pi^lures,  greatly 
beautiful ;  the  latter  opens  to  you  a 
hollow  of  wood,  bounded  by  the  wall 
of  recks  one  way,  and  letting  in  a 
view  of  the  town  another,  in  a  tafte 
truly  bcawtiful.  The  next  opening  in 
the  hedge  (I  (hould  tell  you,  by  the 

March,  176*. 


Dn RIGHTFUL   Walks,' 


137 


by,  that  thcfe  breaks  and  openings  are 
all  natural^  none  flifi^  artifcial)  givqs 
you  at  one  fmall  view,  all  the  pidu- 
rcf'que  beauties  of  a  natural  camera  ob^ 
fcura\  you  have  a  bench  which  is 
thickly  (i)aded  with  trees,  in  a  dark 
fequeftered  fppt,  and  from  it  you  look 
afide  through  the  opening,  on  to  a 
landfcape  which  feeras  formed  by  x\\% 
happicft  hand  of  defign,  but  is  really 
nothing  but  catching  a  view  of  acci- 
dental  objcdls.  The  town  and  caftU 
of  Chepftow  appear  from  one  part 
of  the  bench,  rinng  from  the  roman- 
tic fteps  of  wood,  in  a  manner  too 
beautiful  toexprcfs;  a  fmall  remove 
difcovers  the  fteeple  (b  dropt  in  a  pre* 
cife  point  of  tafte,  that  one  can  fcarce- 
ly  believe  it  a  real  fteeple,  and  not  an 
eye-trap.  Soon  after  a  large  breajc 
opens  a  various  view  of  the  diftant 
^untry  ;  and  not  far  from  it  another, 
{niich  \k  tnu'cb  worthy  of  remark  ;  you 
look  dowq'  upon"*  a  <:ne  bend  of  the 
river,  winding  to  the  caftle,  which 
appears  ron  antically  fituated;  the  op- 
pofjte  bank  is  a  fwelling  |iill,  part 
over  run  with  gorfe  and  rubbifti,  and 
part  cultivated  inclofiires  :  This  difte- 
rence  in  the  fame  objedl,  is  here  at* 
tended  with  emotions  not  coalbnant ; 
the  wild  part  of  the  hill  fuit^  the, reft 
of  the  view,  and  agrees  with  it  in  the 
fen  rations  it  raifes,  but  the  cultivated 
part  being  incomplete,  and  uidike  the 
beautiful  fiirm,  at  the  bottom  of  the 
beforementioned  am)»hitheair^,  which 
is  entire,  has  a  bad  efte<^.  Was  the 
whole  well  cultivated  and  lively,  be- 
ing rather  diftin^lfrom  the  reft  of  the 
landfcape,  it  would  have  a  much  bet- 
ter cfFec't. 

The  laft  point,  and  which  perhaps  is 
equai  to  moft  of  the  preceding,  is  the 
alcove.  From  this  you  Icok  down  per- 
pendicularly on  the  river,  with  a  nne- 
ly  cultivated  (lope  on  the  other  fide. 
To  the  light  is  a  prodigious  ftecp 
(hore  of  wood,  winding  to  the  cadlc, 
which  appears  in  full  view,  and  a, 
part  of  the  town.  On  the  left  appears 
a  fine  view  of  the  river  for  fome  dif- 
tance,  theoppofite  ftiorc  of  w;!d  wood, 
with  the  rock  appearing  at  plncrs  in 
rifing  cliffs,  and  further  on  to  the  ter- 
mination of  the  view  that  way,  the 
vaft  wall  of  rocks  fo  often  mention- 
ed, which  are  here  fcen  in  length, 
and  have  a  ftuptfnflous  efFe(5V.  On  the 
whole,  this  vi^w  is  ftriking  and  ro- 
mantic. 

$      •  About 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


i3« 


Hoxio  lt0  ewri  ibe  Ch&Hc  ik  Horfes. 


March 


About  a  mile  beyond  thefe  wadles  is 
^  Tery  romantic  olifFy  callei  the  Wind 
ClifF,  from  which  theextent  of  profped 
in  prodigious  \  but  it  is  moft  remarkable 
forthe  torprizingecho,  on  firiiiga  piftol 
♦r  gun  'from  it.  The  exolofion  is  re- 
peated five  times  ver^-  diftlnflly  from 
Yock  to  rock,  often -feveti }  and  if  the 
calmnefs  of  the  weather  happens  to 
lie  remarkably  favourable,  nine  times, 
^his  echo  is  wonderfiilly  curious.  Be- 
yond the  cliff  at  fomediftance  is  the 
-abbey,  a  venerable  ruin,  iituated  in  a 
romantic  hollow,  belonging  to  the 
Duke  of  Beaufort,  well  worth  your 
feeing';  and  this  is  the  conclulion  of 
the  Arsfield  ehtertainment. 

Upon  the  whole,  it  exceedi  any 
thing  of  the  kind  I  ever  faw.  In  point 
of  (Iriktng  pi6turefque  views,  in  the 
romantic  fine,  Persfield  it  exquiiite. 
The  cultivated  in clofures,  at  the  bot- 
tom of  the  valley,  with  the  river 
winding  round  it,  and  the  vail  amphi- 
'theatre  of  rocks  add  pendent  woods 
which  wait  it  in,  to  fueb  a  (hipendous 
height,  is  tl^e  capital  beauty  of  the 
place,  and  Mr.  Morris  has  fixed  his 
iMnches,  &c.  in  thofe  points  of  view 
which  command  it  in  the  bappieft 
'  manner, with  the  utmoft  tafte  :  Nor  can 
any  thing  be  more  truly  pidurefque, 
than  the  appearance  which  the  Severn  in 
many  places  takes  of  being  fupported 
and  bounded  by  the  wall  ofrocks,  tho' 
four  miles  diftant ;  this  ttit^  is  beyond 
imagination  be^ifuilypi^Urefque.  In 
refped  to  the  extenfive  profpe^s,  the 
agreeable  manner  in  which  the  town, 
caftle,  and  fteeple  are  caught,  with  the 
rocks,  woodi,  and  river  taken  in 
thenifelves,  other  places  are  equal  $ 
but  when  they  unite  to  form  the  land- 
fcapes  I  have  joft  mentioned,  I  believe 
they  wcre^  never  equalled." 

A  ne^v,  fafif  mnd  fpeedy  pbihfophical 
Method  to  clear  Cbinmies  of  Soof, 
'without  the  AJfifiance  of  any  Mam* 

MIX  three  parts  of  fait  pctre, 
two  parts  of  fait  of  tartar,  and 
•ne  part  of  flower  of  brimft^one,  rub 
tbem  vyell,  and  quickly,  in  a  warm 
mortar ;  than  put  at  much  as  c^n  be 
lieaped  on  a  (hilling,  on  a  piece  of  iron, 
•r  iron  firb- (hovel,  over  a  (troDg,  clear 
fire,  near  the  back  of  the  cHimney, 
if  you  have  not  a  mind  to  hear  the 
(bund  of  the  report,  which  will  be  zt 
\Q\\t\,  ifnot  louder,  than  that  of  the 
tf  iilharge  of  a  ^un,  get  away  j  and  as 


foon  as  it  begins  to  boil  brown,  it  will 
caufe  fuch  an  explofion,  as  by  the  mere 
motion  of  the  ela(lic  air  in  the  chimney 
will,  without  tM'leaft  danger,  or  da- 
mage,  hurry  down  the  foot  as  well 
or  better  than  when  generally  fwept  by 
hand.  /       r    / 

To  have  it  thorouj;hly  cleaned,  if 
once  difcharginp;  the  thundering  tar- 
tar U  not  fufficient,  it  is  only  repeat- 
ing the  operation,  and  which  may  be 
done  two  or  three  times,  at  the  fmall 
expfence  of  a  few  halfpence.  I  have 
my  own  fc^vcd  fo.  J.  Cooi(. 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAG  AZI^- 
S  I  R,  Leigh,  Jan.  ij,  176!. 

TRAVELLING  in  a  chaife  to  dint 
with  a  neighbouring  clersyman 
laft  Augull,  we  overtook  a  nirmer 
leading  his  horfe  about  in  tbe  road 
for  the  Cholick,  who,  on  feeing  us  ap- 
proach,.  turned  off  into  a  fide  lane, 
where  I  fympathetically  condoled  witk 
the  bwner,  both  the  torture  the  poor 
beail  fuifered,  in  beating  himfclf  to 
piece!  tli^ough  the  pain  in  his  guts, 
and  the  g^eat  lo(s  befides,  he  being 
worth  fifteen  guineas. 

This  put  me  upo;i  giving  this  my 
publick  advice  in  all  like  cafes  i  fori 
care  not  how  I  become  ferviceable,  if 
I  can  but  do  go5d :  A  merciful  man 
has  mck-cy  alio  on  a  beaft,  whether 
his  own  or  other  peoples. 

AH  hot  medicines  are  in^ammatorj 
and  (Simulating,  confequently  very 
improper,  where  there  is  already  too 
much  of  that  in  the  very  nature  of 
the  difeafe.  Wherefore  give  three  or 
four  grains  of  folid  opium  in  a  pill, 
ajid  cover  him  up  warm  wherever  he 
liesj  and  if  no  better  in  an  hour^s 
time  repeat  ihe  dote  j  or  elfc  give  at 
firft  an  hundred  drops  of  liquid  lauda- 
num, which,  as  a  fluid,  will  operate 
rather  quicker  j  if  need  repeat  it.  It 
is,  let  the  worfe  come  to  the  worie, 
better  kill  a  horkfecujidumart^m,  then 
let  him  kill  himfelt;  of  two  e^ils  chooXc 
the  lead.  By  this  very  means  !  favcd 
a  farmer's  horfe,  who  was  taken  aC 
the  time  I  was  in  his  houfe,  in  Den^y 
hundred,  whether  I  was  called  to  hit 
wife.  A  dcfperate  difeafe  requires  a 
defpcrate  cure.  So  the  man  hit  tw* 
birds  with  one  ftone,  (aved  both  his 
wife  and  horfe. 

This  method,  I  am  perfuaded  would 
(tve  many  a  fine  hone's  life,  by  aba- 
tin  j^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


i;6f. 


Gtmr/tl  Murray*^  Di/ena. 


'39 


tiog  the  jjMan  for  a  time,  and  fo  pre-  iniflion»  governor  of  Qjiebec  and  it  s 

Ttflting  nature*!  overading  her  part  dependencies,  it  was  as  natural  for  me 

tober  own  burtf  then  throw  in,  in  to  sfTert  the  king's  rights,    as  it  was 

plenty,  fperma  ceti  worked  up  With  juft  that  the  new  conqueft  ihould  con 


jc&s  of  eggs^         Your't, 


J.  Cook. 


Ta    tb^    PRINTER,    ^r. 
SIR, 

AS  articlea  have  been  inferted  in 
the  papers,  and  reports  propa- 
gated, tending  to  miflead  the  judgment 
cf  tbe  public  with  refpe£t  to  my  con- 
dod  ia  levying  duties  at  Qiiebec,  re- 
prefsating  it  as  illegal,  oppreiTive,  and 
CO varran table,  I  am  to  deiire  that  the 
fallowing  ftate  of  fads  may  be  pub- 
liihcd. 

When  Quebec  and  if  s  dependencies 
were  fubieH  .to  FraQce,  the  French 
king's  governor  and  intendant  were, 
bf  the  Jaws  of  that  province,  ,im- 
povered  to  impofe  taxes  and  duties  by 
ticir  arrets-  Thofc  iropofcd  and  col - 
laded  on  Ijpirituous' liquors,  and  on 
dry  goods  imported  and  exported,, 
sffl&unted  in  the  year  1757  to  upwards 
of  13000].  ftcrlin^y  excluuve  of  various 
other  taxes  and  impofts  )evied  for  the 
Jenricc  of  government,  as  appears  by 
their  cuftom-houfe  books  now  in  my 
pofieffion.  Tbe  duties  of  ^e  fubfe- 
qoeot  years,  I  believe, '  were  higher, 
l»at  I  cannot  authenticate  that  fro|[Q 
siiy  record,  as  all  tbe  public  papers  of 
tbde  years  were  Carried  to*  Montreal 


tribute  fomething  towards   if  s  own . 
fupport,  at  a  time  when  England  was. 
groaning  under  the  load  of  an  expen- 
five  war.    It  cannot  be  difputed,    I 
imagine,  that  the  law  of  nations  gives 
the  conqueror  a  right  to  every  thing 
the  former  poireiTor  could  claim  ;  and 
I  am  miftaken  if  he  has  not  a  right 
likewife  to  the  mode  of  clainflng  it., 
As  the  reprefcnutive  of  my  mafter,  I 
had  the  fame  powers  therefore  to  alter 
and  impofe  duties  whith  the  French 
king's  governor  and  intendant  had. 
Theufe  I  made  of  that  power  was  not 
to  opprefs  the  people,  but  to  alleviate 
their  former  burthens ;    for  inllead  of, 
demanding  the  ufual  duties,  I  annihi-; 
lated  thofe  on  dry  goods  imported  and 
exported,  not  only  with  a  view  to  the 
encouragement  of  the  manufactures 
of  Great- Britain,   but  to  prevent  the- 
other  colonifts  from  imderfelling  the- 
Quebec  traders  at  the  Indian  market  j. 
and  for  the  fame  reafons  I  exempted 
ail  Britifli  fpirits  from  any  duty  wbat-« 
ever  t  But  with  refpeCl  to  other  fpirits, 
not  Britifli,  I  exa^ed  6d.  per  gallon. 
Hallifax  currency  i   5s,  fame  currency, 
per  bogihead  on  wines ;  and  4d.  that, 
currency'  per  gallon  on  fbrubi  fo  tbatt 
upon  every  article,^  except  runi,    the 
duties  were  in  no  inilance  fo  high  as^ 


bftbe  intendant  when  the  6riti(h  ar- '  the  French,  duties ;   and  though  the 


nj  t>efieged  Quebec,    and  never  fefl 
into  my  hands. 

The  following  duties,  among  others, 
«erc  colleded  by  the  French  govern- 
Blent  in  1757  ;  On  brandy  11  fols  per 
fiiloo,  or  6d.  (lerling,  equal  to  about 
4d.  {  Halifest  {Currency :  On  eau  de 
Tie  de  liqueur,  which  anfwers  to  our 
^rub,  10  fols  per  gallon,  or  5d.  fter- 
I  ng :  On  rum  ^4  Rvres  per  hogfliead, 
cr  il.  fterling,  upwards  of  4d.  per 
plkm  Hallifax  currency  :  On  wine 
n  Evres  per  hog(head,  or  xos.  fter- 
Lfig ;  On  ordinary  wine  bottled'  6ne 
^uKpeony  per  bottle  :  On  fweet  wine 
cae  penny  halfpenny  per  bottle.  The 
■''oty  00  dry  gOods  was  three  per  cent. 
iHd  drodnced  that  year  3363I.  iSs. 
'A  i  fterling:  .Thar  on  goods  ex- 
p'xted  produced  the  fame  year  16571* 

Wlro  Canada  was  conquered  by  hi$ 
nsijefty't  arms,  and  I  had  xht  honour 
.obe  appointed,   by  the  king's  corn- 


French  had  made  the  duty  on  rum; 
lower  than  on  other  fpirits  in  order, 
to  encomaj^e  the  produce  of  their 
fugar  colonies,  even  in  preference  to 
the  produce  of  the  mother  country  of 
France,  yet  the  policy  of  Great  firi-v 
tain  had  been  always  different,  and 
i  therefore  put  rum  on  tbe  fame  foot- 
ing with  all  other  fpirits,  not  Briti(h,; 
and  impofed  upon  it  a  lower  duty; 
than  the  French  had  impofed  on 
brandy,  the  produce  of  Old  France. 

That  the  public  might  fee  wha^ 
fums  had  been  collefled,  and  be  abl^ 
to  correal  any  errors  of  the  officer^ 
who  collected  the  duties,  in  July, 
'i7f5»  I  caufed  an  account  to  be  in- 
ferted in  the  Quebec  Gazette,  with 
the  particulars  of  the  days  of  entry, 
the  fpecies  and  names  of  vefTels,  com- 
nunders  names  and  from  whence,  the 
quantity  and  ouality  of  the  fpirits,  and 
the  fums  cotleAed  on  each,^  from 
May  1 76 1,   to  1765,   when  the  duty 

S  a  ^  terjninattd 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


1 4.0    A£l  fcr  limiting  the  Duration  of  Irifti  Parliaments,   March 


r:  Tin  ins  ted  by  the  cflabliftiment  of  ci 
vll  go^Trnmcnt,  and  it  appeared  that 
the  whole  amount  of  the  duties  taken 
by  my  order  for  tbefe  four  years,  was 
only  11,12^1.  4s.  Ilallifix  currency; 
whereaf,  at  an  average,  had  tcxaf^ed 
the  whole  duties  which  cxifted  during 
the  French  government,  the  fum 
would  Inve  betn  not  Icfs  than  51000! 
ilcrling.  Every  (hilling  of  the  money 
I  colIc6)ed  was  expended  for  th'e  fer- 
vice  of  the  crown  ;  and  the  accounts 
of  receipts  and  dilburfcmenis  were  an- 
nually lent  to  the  treafury  board.— 
After  the  elapfc  of  fo  many  years. 
fve  Englifli  traders*  importers  of 
French  brandy  and  New-Encland  rum 
into  Quebec,  not  contented  with  the 
high  price  they  had  impofed  upon  the 
poor  Canadians  the  con  Turners,  brought 
anions  irt  the  month  of  January  laft 
againft  me,  for  fums  received  of  them 
by  the  different  officers,  under  a  pre- 
tence that  the  whole  of  the  duties 
^ere  illegal,  and  infifting  that  the 
whole  therefore  ought  to  be  refunded 
by  me.  The  money,  as  I  have  ob- 
fervcd,  having  been  accounted  for  to 
the  treafury,  the  officers  of  the  crown 
took  the  direction  in  defending  tbefe 
anions  3  and  they  thought  it  advife- 
able  that  the  fum  leviea  as  an  excefs 
on  rum,  beyond  the  old  duty,  ihould 
be  paid  into  court.  This  was  oppofed 
by  the  plaintiffs,  who  infifled  on  a 
right  to  the  whole. 

Tht  aflions  were  tried  bjf  a  fpecial 
^Ury,  when  the  exiftence  of  the  French 
duties,  as  above  ftated,  was  clearly 
proved  by  the  original  cuftom-houfe 
books  5  and  the  plaintiff's  council, 
without  further  arguing  the  point, 
confented  to  take  a  verdi6t  merely 
for  the  excefs*  on  rum,  which  was 
agreed  to  on.  behalf  of  the  crown  ; 
and  notwithdanding  it  appeared  that 
the  plaintiffs  had  paid  Icfs  than  the 
^Id  duties  on  brandy  and  eau  de  vie 
de  liqtieur,  yet  from  the  lenity  of  the 
frown  that  was  not  infilled  upon,  al- 
though It  wonld  have  reduced  the 
claims  of  the  plaintiffs  to  a  mere  trifle. 
J  A.  Murray. 
Portman- Square,  Feb.  29,  176S. 

7>e  AS?  fir  fh^iiing  the  Duration  of  tbe 
Irifli  Parliaments.  * 

WHEREAS  a  limitation  of  the 
duration  of  parliaments   may 
ttnd  to  ftl'cngthen  the  harftiony  and 


good  agreement  fubfifliijg- between  his 
majelly  and  his  people  of  Ireland,  and 
n^ay  be  produ(flive  of  other  effefts  to 
bis  majefly's  fubjedls  there. 

We,  your  majefty's  moft  dutiful 
and  loyal  fubje6)^s,  the  commons  of 
Ireland,  in  parliament  alTembled,  do 
moft  humbly  befeech  your  majefiy, 
that  it  may  be  declaied  and  enabled 
\ii  this  prefent  parliament  j 

And  be  it  declared  and  enabled  by 
the  king^s  moft  excellent  majefly,  by 
and  with  the  advice  and  confent  of 
the  lords  fpiritual  and  temporal  and 
commons  in  this  prefent  parliament 
affembled,  and  by  the  authority  of  the 
fame,  that  from  henceforth,  no  par- 
liament which  (h»II  at  any  time  here- 
after be  called,  affembled,  or  held, 
(hall  have  any  longer  continuance  than 
for  eight  years,  to  be  accounted  from 
the  day  on  which  by  the  writs  of 
fummons  the  faid  parliament  (ball  be 
appointed  lo  meet. 

And  be  it  further  enabled,  by  the 
authority  aforefaid,  that  this  prefent 
parliament  (hall  ceafe  and  determine 
on  the  24.th  of  June,  which  fljall  be 
in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thoufand 
("even  hundred  and  fixty-eight,  unlcfs 
his  majefty  (hall  think  fitfooner-to  dif- 
folve  the  fkme. 

An  Account  ^Zenobia  a  Nrw  'fragedy^ 
perfirmid  at  Drury-lane  Theatre. 


Pharafmanes, 

Teribaces, 

Rhadamiftus, 

Mcgiftus, 

Tigranes, 

Zopiron, 

Zenobia, 

Zelmira, 


Mr.  Aichin. 
Mr.  Holland. 
Mr,  Barry: 
Mr.  Harvard. 
Mr.  Hurji, 
Mr.  Packer. 
Mrs.  Dancer. 
Mrs.  Barry. 


PIIARASMANES,  having  mur^ 
dcred  his  brother,  and  ufurp«;^l 
tbe  crown  of  Iberia,  carried  his  arms 
againft  Mithridates  king  of  Armenia, 
notwithftanding  his  fun  Rhadaniiltua 
was  married  to'Zcnobia,  only  daugU, 
tcr  of  Mithridales,  and  was  dccbrc*.1 
his  fucccffor.  Tlie  victorious  Pbara  C 
manes  quickly  overrun  Armenia,  cm 
off  the  benefa^or  of  his  fon,  ar**^ 
having  in  a  pitched  battle  overcort^< 
the  utmoft  force  of  Armenia,  Rhacl,^. 
miflus,  to  avoid  falling  into  his  father" 
hands,  was  about  to  Itab  bimfelf  ^  U\i 
Zenobia,  entreating  to  perifh  w|t| 
him,  he  clafped  her  in  bis  arms,    am 

juniper 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ij68. 


Story  op  Zenobia^ 


J4I 


iiunpf  d  into,  the  Araxet,  on  the  banks 
cf  which  the  battle  was  fought.  Nei- 
thtroF  them  however  periAied  i  Zc- 
r.obia  was  preferved  by  the  care  of 
Megiftas,  who  found  means  to  con- 
vey her  fafe  to  a  retreat  among  the 
aoontains,  where  ihe  was  delivered  of 
a  Ion ;  and  Jived  for  fevon  years  as  the 
(fau^bter  of  M^iHus  under  the  name 
of  Ariana. 

In  the  mean  time  Rhadami(hi$  hav- 
ing besn  taken  up  and  rellored  to  life 
by  a  band  of  Romansi  concealed  his 
quality,  and  retired  with  them  to 
Rome,  where  in  the  fenate  he  difco- 
Ttred  bimfelf,  declared  his  wrongs, 
aod  entreated  the  Roman  aid  to  reco- 
ver bis  kingdom.  The  confcript  fa- 
tben,  convinced  of  the  juftice  of  his 
cbim,  embrace  his  caufe*  and  fend  a 
{towerfnl  army  to  reinftate  him  in 
Armenia:  This  creating  new  com- 
motions in  that  country,  a  party  of 
Pharafmanes'  troops  arrive  at  the  re- 
treat of  Zenobia,  ftill  known  only  by 
the  name  of  Ariana,  and  carry  her  off 
to  the  royal  camp,  where  her  charms 
captivate  both  the  king  and  his  fon 
Teribaces. 

The  play  now  opens ;  the  Romans 
hiring  advanced  into  Armenia,  the 
king  drew  together  his  forces,  march- 
ed againil  them,  and  a  battle  is 
bourly expelled.  Tigranes,  a^eneral 
officer,  enters  with  forae  pnfoners, 
vbo  having  been  taken  in  attempting 
to  leave  the  camp,  the  king  had  or- 
dered them  to  be  impaled.  Amongft 
tbeie  Zenohia  difcovers  Megiilus, 
who  recognizes  her,  at  the  fame  time, 
as  his  daughter  Ariana.  Teribaces 
entering,  Zenobia  begs  the  life  of 
Mfgiitiis,  who,  on  his  own  authority, 
orders  him  to  be  fet  at  liberty.  He 
then  avows  his  paflion  to  Zenobia, 
and  entreats  her  favour,  (he  acknow- 
ledges an  eAeem^  but  rejects  his  fuit, 
and  te^s  him,  fate  haih  placed  an 
eternal  bar  between  them.  The  Ro- 
mans, having  delired  to  enter  into 
treaty,  the  king  confcnts,  and  pre- 
pares to  receive  the  Roman  envoy. 
Tigranes  having  informed  the  king, 
that  by  command  of  the  prince,  the 
prilooers,  wtre  fpared,  Pharafmanes 
reprimands  his  Ton,  but  on  the  inter- 
ctdlon  of  Zenobia,  confirms  their  par- 
don. F'laminius,  theambafTadorirom 
I'ae  Roman  camp,  arrives,  and  is  re- 
ceived by  Zopiron,  an  Armenian  ge- 


neral, who  appearing  ftrongly  Attach- 
ed to  Rhadamiftus  and  Zenobia,  the  • 
envoy  difcovers  himfelf  to  be  Rhada- 
miftus}  be  expreiTes  the  heavieii  grief 
at  the  thought,  of  having  defiroyed 
his  wife,  and  as  great  concern  at  4ie- 
ing  obliged  to  bear  arras  again  ft  his 
father  and  brother,  whom  he  had  ne- 
ver feen. 

Pharafmanes  receives  the  fuppofed 
Roman  in  flate,  and  Rhadamiftus, 
taking  the  advantage  of  the  charadler 
he  appeared  in,  endeavours  to  move 
the  heart  of  his  father,  by  reprefent- 
ing  the  cruelty  of  his  behaviour ; 
Pharafmanes,  in  a  ra^e  breaks  up  the. 
conference,  and  oroers  the  envoy  to 
quit  his  camp  immediately  :  On  frefh 
application  from  Rhadamiitus,  he 
l^rants  him  another  audience  in  private^ 
in  which  he  declares  he  is  affured 
that  RhadamiHus  is  in  the  Roman 
camp,  and  if  the  Romans  wifh  te 
treat  effectually  with  him,  it  muft  be 
by  the  man  who  brings  the  head  of 
his  fon. 

Zenobia,  in  an  interview  with  Me- 
giftus,  enquires  with  much  maternal 
loilicitude,  after  her  child;  be  informs 
her  that  he  was  lodged  in  a  place  of 
fafety.  Zenobia  exprefling  her  wifhes 
to  efcape  from  the  power  of  the  tyrant, 
to  her  fon's  retceat,  Megiftus  propo- 
fc9  her  going  off  in  the  train  of  the 
Roman  envoy.  Teribaces,  alarmed 
at  his  father's  paffion  for  his  miftrefs, 
applies  to  Rhadamiitus  to  carry  her 
off  on  tiis  return  to  the  Roman  camp, 
that  (he  may  be  out  of  bis  father's 
power.  The  fuppofed  Flaminius  pro- 
mifing  to  comply  with  his  wiOies, 
Teribaces  retires;  and  Zenobia  at- 
tended by  Megiftus  enters.  The  in- 
terview is  mod  affecting;  each  having 
fuppofed  the  other  no  more,  are  in 
raptures  at  Co  unexpe^ed  a  meeting, 
and  when  Rhadamiflus  exclaims  with 
almoft  unutterable  tranfport,  **  I  have 
not  murdered  her,"  tvtry  feeling 
heart  takes  a  part  in  his  joy. 

Teribaces  cautions  his  friend  to  be« 
ware  of  the  charms  of  the  lady  he  en- 
truffs  to  his  protection ,  and  on  Rha« 
damiftus  betraying  fome  confufion, 
conjures  him,  if  he  doubts  his  own 
.fteadinefs,  not  to  undertake  the  charge. 
Rhadamiftus  fearing  to  come  to  an 
explanation  with  hir  brother,  refents 
this  fufpicion :  Teribaces  apologizes 
for  his  diftruft,  and  refolves  to  put  her 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


T42 


D  E  E  P     D  I  S  T  R  E  S  S. 


March, 


into  hit  hands.  In  the  mean  time 
Sonobift  Ivating  rejeAed  with  difilkift 
the  tyrant'*  profitrcd  hand,  in  an  ap-  ■ 
pHcation  by  Tigranet,  Pharafmanfet 
dtTermtnet  to  apply  to  Megi fins  whom 
he  foppo^d  h«r  father,  imagining  the 
oflfer  of  his  daughter's  (hairing  the 
throne,  ^ould  dazzle  the  poor  old 
man :  Mcgillus  appeara  very  little  af- 
fe^ed  by  the  fplendor  of  fuch  an  offer, ' 
and  plaihiy  tdU  the  king  that  Ariana 
is  married  to  another,  and  bei*  defpair 
ia  oeeafioned  by  their  ftparation  $ 
Pharafmanes  retires  in  ara^e,  thneaten- 
in|;  both  Megiftus  and  hit  fuppofed 
duvgbter,  if  (he  perfifts  in  refufin^  his 

Teribacet  nrging  his  fait  to  Zeno- 
bia,  (he  repeats  her  refufhl,  and  on 
his  continued  importunity,  dechres 
herielf  the  wife  of  Flamrniusj  Tcrr- 
baces  aftonifhed  and  enraged,  brealds 
CM  into  the  maft  paffionate  tnve£lives 
againfthU  rivaf,  who  entering,  ftriTea 
in  vain  to  pacify  him.  He  retires, 
denouncing  vengeance  agamft  the  fup- 
pofed Flaminius.  Megittus  jqinS  Rha-- 
damiitus  and  Zenohia,  and  they  agree 
to  retire  to  the  Koman  canrp  imme- 
diately. Pharafmanes  imputing  the 
^oynefs  of  Zenobia  to  her  preponcflJon 
lor  Tcribaces,  fends  for  htm,  and  be- 
ainning-to  reprimand  his  prefumption 
m  rivaling  his  father,  the  prince  de- 
clares his  paiTion  at  an  end,  and  tkat 
ambition  hath  taken  the  place  of  it, 
alfuring  his  father  that  he  would  give 
him  convincing  proofs  of  it,  in  the  ex- 
pe£^cd  engagement  with  the  Romans. 
An  officer  enters  with  an  account  that 
Flamintus  hath  fet  out  for  the  Roman 
camp,  and  hath  taken  with  him  Me- 
giflus  and  Ariana.  Teribaces  imme- 
diately entreats  his  father  to  let  hinr 
poi'fiie  them,  to  which  the  king 
agrees,  and  he  goes  off  for  that  pur- 
pose, denouncing  vengeance  agaiaft 
Plamimus. 

NotwithftandVng  the  fugitives  had 
the  Hart  of  Teribaces,  they  were 
quickly  overtaken  by  him  :  and  re- 
jwing  the  earneft  rcqueft  of  Rhada- 
aniftus  for  a  momentary  private  con-' 
vtrfation,  he  brings  them  back  to  his* 
father  in  chains.  Pharafmanes  re- 
proaching the  (uppofcd  Ariana,  flf» 
acknowledges  Flaminius  a-s  her  huf- 
band  ;  he  alfo  feeJcs  prote^ion  from 
the  chara^er  he  appears  in,  and  de- 
VOilAced,  the    Reman    vengeance    >f 


their  Ambaflador  was  not  immediately 
fet  at  large.    The  king  defpifing  the 
menace,-  orders  htm  to  be  dragged  to 
the  torture  5  the  guards  tear  him  frona 
the  embraces  of  ^Tenobia,    and  bear 
him  away.    The  king  retires :   and 
Zenohia,   left  to  herfelf,    finks  under 
the  agonies  of  her  hufband*s  appre-^ 
bended  fate.    Teribaces  entering,  at* ' 
tempts  to  raife  her;    ihe  rej^roachea' 
him  as  the  foui^e  of  her  prefcnt  cala- 
mity, and  overwhelms  him  with  hor- 
ror and  grief,    by   acquainting  hini 
i#ho  Oie  is,   and  that  he  hath   gWen 
Up   his  own  brother  to*  deftruoion. 
On  his  retiring  (he  declares  (he  is  in- 
fpired  with  the  only  method  to  fave 
her  hufband  from  death,  and  to  pre- 
ferve  her  child  a  parent.     Teribaces,^ 
eager  to  fave  his  brother,  refcucrf  him' 
from  the  hands  of  the  officers  of  death, 
and  declares  to  hihi,    that  rather  than 
be  (hall  fnffer,   he  will  himfelf  plunge 
a  daggh-  in  his  father's  brean,  and 
ertd    his  life  and  tyranny  together*. 
An  order  is  brought  to  Tigrancs  to. 
fuf))end  the  execution  of  Flaminius,' 
in  the  name  of  both    the  king  and 
queen  5  and  5Jopifon  fnfornis  him  that' 
Ariana,.  to. fave  the  life  of  her  former 
hu(band,  had  confentcd   to  give  herr 
hand  to  the  king,    and  that  the  mar- 
riage rite*  hid  been  ad^uaily  celebrat- 
ed.    The  fcene  draws  and  difcovcrs 
Pharafmanes  and  Zenohia,    at  the  aU' 
tar,  the  cup  (landing  on  itj  in  which,' 
according  to  the  cufTom  of  the  coun- 
try,   they    had   pledged  each  other. 
Zenobia  entreats  the  kihg  to  difmifa. 
the  Roman  and  begs  (he  may  be  al- 
lowed an  interview  with  him  before 
he  goes.    Pharafmanes  is  much  dif- 
pleafed  with  this  reque(l,    vtWxch  he 
atterly  rejefls ;  and  on  her  pcifirting^ 
in  it,  declares  that  the  man  who  it 
i^    poifeilioti  of  her  affe6tion$  (liall' 
not  live,  and  that  he  will  have  him  im- 
mediately executed.   As  he  is  about  to 
go  off  for  that  purpofe,   he  feels  him- 
ielf  en    a    fudden  attacked    by   the 
hjoif  excruciating  tortures  unable  evtn 
to-  Hand.     Zenobia  then  declarea  that 
Are  da/hed  the  nuptial  cup  with  poifon^ 
tells  him    who  (he  is,    and  that   the 
fuppofed  Flaminius  is  his  injured  fon 
Khadamiflus,    whom    (he   orders  the 
oflRcers     attending     immediately    10 
proclaim    King.      The    tyrant      ex- 
pires in   agonies,    and  Zenobia -con- 
gratulates    herfelf  on    having   becnl 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1755. 


Reftelfion?  on  Lofs  of  Memory. 


^  inftniment  oiF  fcvcnuincr  her  fa-  return  i  or  if  it  (hould,  it 
iher*!  death,  /feribaces  and  Khada- 
ouftus  enter,  and  rejoice  to  fee  Zc- 
nobia  iaSt :  She  receives  their  congra- 
nihiions,  but  fliews  them  the  borfy  of 
tlicir  father  as  an  allay  to  their  pre(ent 
joy;  and  aflcs  her  huiband  if  he  can 
fbrgire  her  the  death  of  his  father. 
The  princes  both  exprefs  a  fliitable  re- 
gret for  Pharafmanes  ?  but  Rhadamif- 
tus  affures  Z^nohia,  that  coqfidering 
what  Hie  had  fuifercd  by  his  ijiieans  he 
caanot  reproach  herj  (he  expreilcs 
ber  joy  at  his  for^ivenefs,  as  (he  al- 
ready feels  the  poifon,  which  ihe  was 
obli^d  to  partake  of,  at  her  heart ; 
their  joy  is  now  no  more  ;  the  melt 
pMgnant  anguiOi  takes  place  ;  Zenobia 
fics,  exprewng  the  moft  pcrfefl  affec- 
tioR  for  Rbadamiftus,  and  recommend- 
ing (with  the  moll  a(fe6ling  maternal 
tendeme(s)  their  child  to  his  care. 
Rbadamiftus  (inks  at  her  feet,  over- 
powered with  grief;  and  the  piece 
concludes  with  reflections  on  the  evils 
attending  an  unlimited  ambition. 

Mori  of  Orrtry,  to  De^ne  Swiftj  E/qi 
S  I  R«^        Marfton,  Dec.  4,  1742. 

I  Am  much  obliged  to  you  for  the 
full,  though  melancholy,  account 
70Q  have  fent  me  of  my  ever  honoured 
friend  *.  It  as  the  more  melancholy  to 
ne,  as  I  have  heard  him  often  lament 
the  particular  misfortune  incident  to 
haman  nature,  of  an  utter  deprivation 
•f  fen/es  many  years  before  a  depriva- 
tjou  of  life.  I  have  heard  him  de- 
fcribe  perfons  in  that  condition,  with 
a  livelinefs  and  a  horror,  that  on  this 
lateoccafion  have  recalled  to  me  his 
very  words,  ©ur  litany,  methinks, 
ftiOQld  have  an  addition  of  a  particular 
prayer  againll  this  mod  dreadful  mis- 
fortune. I  am  fure  mine  (hall.  The 
bite  of  a  mad  dog  (a  molt  tremendous 
evil)  ea6B  Coon  in  death  $  but  the  ef- 
feds  of  his  Ufs  of  memory  may  laft 
eveo  to  the  loug^ll  age  of  man  ;  tnere- 
fiore  I  own  my  friend (liip  for  him  has 
now  changed  my  thoughts  and  wiflies 
iato  the  very  rcverfe  of  what  they 
were.  J  rejoice  to  hear  he^rows  lean. 
I  am  for^  to  bear  his  appetue  is  good. 
I  was  ^ad  when  there  feemed  an  ap- 
proaching mortification  in  his  eye-lid. 
Is  one  word,  the  man  I  wi(hed  to 
lire  the  longed,  I  wi(h  the  foonelt 
(iead.  Jt  is  the  only  bleOing  that  can 
now  bcfil  him.     His  rcalln  will  never 


U3 

ill  only 
be  to  (hew  him  the  raifhy  of  having 
loft  it;  I  atm  un  patient  for  his  going 
where  imperfedion  ceafes,  and  where 
perfe^ion  begins  ;  where  WiUbns  can- 
not break  in  and  fteal,  and  where 
envy,  hatred,  and  malice  hsvc  uo  in- 
fluence or  power.  Whilft  he  conti- 
nuss  to  breathe,  he  is  an  example, 
ftronger  and  more  piercing  tbaa  he  or 
any  other  divine  could  preach,  agaipft 
pride,  conceit,  and  vain  glory.  Good 
God  !  Doftor  Swift  beaten  and  mark- 
ed with  (Iripes  by  a  head  in  human 
fhape,  one  Wilfon.  But  he  is  nqt 
only  an  example  againit  prefumption 
and  haughtinefs,  but  in  reality  aa 
incitement  to  marriage.  Men  in  years 
ought  always  to  fecure  a  friend  totaled 
care  of  declining  life,  and  watch  nar- 
rowly as  they  fall  the  laft  minute  par- 
ticles of  the  hoUr  glafs.  A  batchelor 
will  feldom  find,  among  all  his  kin- 
dred, fo  ttue  a  nurfe,  (o  faithful  a 
fi  iend,  fo  difmterefted  a  companion^ 
as  one  tied  to  him  by  the  double 
chain  ofdptyand  aife^lion.  A  wife 
could  not  be  banifhed  frdm  his  cham- 
ber, or  his  unhappy  hours  of  retire- 
ment :  nor  had  the  Dean  felt  a  blow, 
or  wanted  a  companion,  had  he  been 
married,  or  in  other  words,  had  StelUi 
lived.  All  that  a  friend  could  do, 
has  been  done  by  Mrs.  Whitcway  j 
all  that  a  companion  could  perfuade, 
has  been  attempted  by  Mrs.  Ridgcway: 

the   red but    I  (hall   run    on    for 

ever ;  and  I  fet  out  at  firft  only  with 
an  intention  of  thanking  you  for  your 
fctter,  and  alTuring  you  that  I  am. 
Sir,  your  molt  obedient  humble  Ctr- 
vant,  OrRERI, 

P.  S.  I  beg  to  hear  from  you  from 
time  to  time,  if  any.  new  occurrence 
happens  in  the  Dean''s  unhappy  ftate. 


To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 
On  A.  BV  Letter  to  the  Author  of  the 
Confe(rioBal,  in  Lond.  Mag.  for  Fe- 
bruary. 
SIR, 

IN  the  page  of  an  ancient  record, 
we  have  a  pifVure  drawn  of  the  in- 
defatigable labours  of  the  envious  fpi- 
rit.  Who,  when  the  oracle  demands 
whence  he  came  ?  replies.  From  going 
to  and  from  the  earth,  and  from  lualking 
up  anddo^vn  in  it.  And  when  Milton, 
in    his  fpeech  to  Cnaos    and   ancient 

Night, 
Dean  Sivift, 


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144 

Nigbtt  gives  the  end  of  hit  adventu- 
rous flighty  he  thus  relates^ 

To  your  behoof,  if  I  that  region  loft, 
AU  ufurpation  thence  expeU*d,  reduce 
To  her  original  darknefs  and  your  fway 
(Which  is  my  prefent  journey)  and  once 

more 
Ere6l  the  ftandard  there  of  ancientNighf\ 
Yours  be  th*advantage  all,  mine  the  re- 
venge. 

Whatever  cenfures  may  pafs  upon  me, 
I  could  not  but  imagme  fome  limili- 
tude  between  this  fpirit,  aud  that 
ivhich  has  malignantly  marked  out  the 
ConfeiTional,  in  much  the  fame  man- 
ner, and  to  much  the  fame  end,  that 

Satan  marked  out  Job. —  vf  Letter 

to  the  Author  of  a  ff^ork,  int'tti^d  the  Con- 
fej/ionalf  in  your  valuable  Magazine 
for  February,  has  led  me  to  luch  a 
combination  of  ideas.  In  that  letter^, 
the  author  would  fallen  his  criticifing 
accufations  upon  the  author  of  the 
Confcflional  \    becaufe  he    had    faid, 


Befenct  ^//A#ConfcffionaI. 


March 


felvest  Y^hether  y»a  be  qualified  for 
fuch  an  undertakine  i  in  order  nierete 
It  may  not  be  amil?  to  examine  how 
accurate  your  writings  arc,"— — Ltt 
me  aflc  Mr.  A.  B.  how  an,d  to  whoq|i 
I  may  apply  the  term,  civil  ? 

to  proceed— in  your  examination 
ycJu  begin  with  his  faying,  «•  When 
this  was  written  I  did  not  know  of  Dr. 
MacdonePs  anfwcr  to  the  App-al,  and 
much  lefs  of  the  appellant's  replica- 
tion. On  which  A.  B.  fays,  "  it  \\ 
to  me  inconceivable,  how  you  can 
know  mucli  lefs  of  one  thing  than 
of  another  of  which  yoi;  know  no- 
thing.'*. A  very  idle  fillv  quibWlc  j 
and  what  mud  render  A.  B.  cxtreme- 
jy  contemptible  in  the  minds  of  all  un- 
prejudiced readers,  of  any  ingenuity. 
The  ignorant  man  does  not  /efin  to 
know,  that  the  Confcflional  pieant  hy 
the  word,  less,  not  fo  tnuch\  oppofed 
to  man.  The  heft  writers  are  wont 
thus  td  exprefs  thcmfelves  And  even 
in  this  very  ienfe  have  our  bible- tranf- 


**  An  Appeal  to  the  common  Senfe  of    lators  rendtred  the  Hebrew  text,   fqr 


all  Chriftian  People,  &c.  had  paflcd 
through  two  editions  unanfwcred, 
when  Dr.  MacdonePs  anfwer,  and  the 
appellant^s  replication  were  unknown 

to  him." Our  letter-writer,  whofe 

lignature  is  A.  B.  and  by  which  I  (hall 
hereafter  cite  him,  can  tell  of  a  more 
[effectual  anfwer*  in  th»  Lond,  Mag. 
To  what  does  all  this  amount  ?  It  has 
no  (ignificance,  but  that  of  his  fliew- 
ing  a  warm  zeal  for  the  Athanafian 
myftcry.  At  the  fame  time,  when 
the  matter  is  examined  by  the  ftan- 
dard  of  reafon  and  truth,  that  appeal 
'has  yet  had  no  anfwer :  If  by  the 
term,  anfiver^  we  mean  confutation. 
And  we  may  be  very  confident  it  ne- 
ver will. 

But  fays  A.  B.  "  as  every  human 
work  it  lure  to  bear  fignatures  of  hu- 
^manity,  it  would  be  foolifli  to  think 
«ur  Liturgy  abfolutely  perfect  j  it  is, 
•robablc,  in  many  parts  inaccurate 
DOth  in  fentiment  and  exprefllon,  and 
glad  (hould  I  be  if  thefe  inaccuracies 
were  removed  :  But  the  queltion  is, 
jwho  Ihall  remove  them  ?''— This  is 
fome  fort  of  conccffion.— With  what 
>cnd  does  he  put  the  queftion  ?— that  he 


thus  Abimelech  anfwers  Saul,  i  Sarri, 
xxii.  ^S'for^i/fj  /errant  kae<w  no- 
thing of  all  ibtSy  lefs  or  more.  And 
when  Abigail  found  her  hufbaad 
drunk,  fbe  told  him  nothing ^  lefs  or  fnore^ 
until  the  rooming  light.  Nay,  I  will  m- 
inform  A.  B  that  fo  far  from  its  b^- 
ing  fo  inconceivable  to  a  man  of  uil- 
derftranding,  that  any  one  (hbuld  be 
faid  lo  know  much  lefs  of  one  thing 
than  of  another,  of  which  he  knows 
nothing;  that  the  term,  nothing,  Is 
no  bar  at  all  to  the  ufe  of  the  term, 
lefs.  See  If.  xl.  17.  where  all  the  na- 
tions are  faid  to  (je  accounted  lefs  than 
nothing  and  vanity. 

I  would  advife  A.  B.  to  be  a  little 
better  acquainted  with  the  ufe  of  lan- 
guagp^  before^  he  prefumes  to  put  on 
the  haughty  airs  of  a  Cevtrc  critic.  Jt 
certainly  was  very  properly  cxprcflcd, 
when  the  author  of  the  Confedionil 
faid,  as  he  did  nqt  know  at  all  of 
MacJonePs  anfwer,  much  lefs  did  he 
of  the  reply  to  that  anfwer. 

Another  difqualifying  mark  is  pro- 
duced,— "  Let  the  difquifitors  anfwer 
for  thcmfelves,  and  their  own  views 
and  principles  j  but  do   not  prejudge 


may  pour  contempt  on  the  author  of    them  beforehand."     This  A.  B.   fays. 


the  Confcflional,  for  he  adds,  "  yon, 
^ood  fir,  are,  I  know,  ready  to  offer 
your  fertrice  5  but  before  we  trouble 
)tu,  it  will  be  civil  t«  iiiform   cur- 


**  feemeth  to  me  as  good  fenfe  and 
EngliOi,  as  if  you  fliould  fay  to'a  man, 
do  not  precede  me  hefore  me."  I  will 
not  deny,  but  that  here  is  an  inaccu- 

rac^  5 


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i>68b-  -         '  The  Frerxb  far  from  bting  polite: 


racy;  for  as  much  as  to  prfjudge^  is, 
t0'd«tennine  beforehatid :  It  h  to  be 
loohaftj  tn  forming  a  judgment,  even 
before  a  due  examination  has  been 
made.  An  inadvertency  of  whith  a 
B«ch  more  able  pen  than  that  pf 
A.  B*s  might  have  been  xuilty. 
Bat  I  bad  overlooked  another  mirk 
of  inability  found  in  the  author  of 
the  Confeflional,  for  he  tells  us,  that 
**  the  common  people  are  not  much 
effeaded  at  the  doctrines  of  the  Trt- 
nty,  and  that  fiew  of  them  form  any 
idns  about  them/*    This  is  the  man* 

ner  he  is  cited  by  A.  B. ^Whereas 

the  words  of  the  Confeflional,  p.  358. 
are,  "  They  (the  difquifitars)  have 
1^  before  you  a  great  many  particu- 
krf,  which  perhaps  give  more  open 
laai  hmmediate  oflPence  to  the  common 
people,  than  the  dc^rines  of  the  TW* 
mtf\  about  which  I  am  apt  to  think^ 
few  of  them  form  any  ideas/'— What 

is  A.  W%  remark  ? *•  This,    fir, 

\9fAi%  fomethin|^  like  a  contradi^ion ) 
it  being  incredible,  that  the  common 
people  fliouM  diflike  what  does  not 
offend  them  ;  or  that  they  fhould  ex- 
prefs  their  furprize  at  doarines  about 
which  they  do  ndt  form  any  ideas/* 
->Some  ijgns  of  ftupidity  or  of  fome- 
thing  much  worfe  here  will  open  up- 
on  us.  The  words  of  the  Confcffional, 
are,  •*  That  they,  (fpeaking  of  the 
difquiikors}  have  laid  before  you  a 
great  many  particulars,  which  perhaps 
give  more  open  and  immediate  offence 
to  the  common  people,  than  the  doc- 
trines -of  the  Trinity  j  about  which, 
I  am  apt  to  think,  few  of  them  form 
any  ideas/* — What,  in  the  name  of 
truth,  is  there  in  this,  that  either 
k>oks  like  a  contradiAion  j  or  admits 
of  incredibility  ?  is  it  not  very  coniift- 
ent,  to  fuppofe  the  common  people 
oiigbt  take  more  open  and'  immediate 
eimce  at  fome  particulars  laid  before 
them  by  tbe^  difquifitors,  than  what 
^y  take  at  the  doctrines  of  the  Tri- 
nity, about  which  they  do  not  form 
aay  ideas  >  Who,  but  a  writer  of  a 
very  bad  mind;  would  have  made  the 
Omfeflional  fay,  *<  That  the  common 
people  are  not  much  offended  at  the 
dodriflcs  of  the  Trinity,  and  that 
fsw  of  them  form   any   ideas  aboot 

tlKm.** if    capable    of  convidtion, 

bliifti,and  fill  with  confufion  1 
^  -^or  ihame,  let  A.  B.   never  dare  to 
iifolt  the  ConfcfHonal;   or  fnceringly 
tott  hun,    bu  fault  lies  in  thinking  too 
March  J  176  s, 


highly  of  himfitf Nor  let  him   be 

forr/,  or  pretend  to  lament  his  groft 
miftakes  j  or  once  prefume  to  fay,  that 
the  pen  of  the  Confeflional  can  ba*ve 
MO  Other  effeS  tvitb  men  of  judgment  than 
to  exciti  a  yi«i^.^— Ill-minded,  abufive 
man,  look  again  over  thine  own  infa- 
mous letter  ;  repent,  fin  no  more,  left 
a  nmch  heavier  rebuke,  even  than  this^ 
does  foon  fall  upon  thee. 

Mi80-Basicahos« 


To  the 
S  I  R, 


P  R  I  N  T  J&  R,  STr. 


I  Have  three  things  to  touch  upon  in 
this  letter,  which,  though  a  kind 
of  Rbaf)fody  may  perhaps  oe  as  ad- 
mifBblein  your  piper,  as  if  divided  in* 
to  diftindl  letters.  By  rbapfody^  I  mkan 
but  to  give  fome  gentle  raps  upon'the 
knuckles  to  fome,  if  youUl  admit  the 
pun,  as  well  as  the  letter. 

I  am  more  and  more  convinced,  by, 
what  I  had  feen  of  the  French  here, 
and  what  I  faw  of  them  lafl  furamep 
in  France,  that  with  the  pretences 
they  make  to  all  the  politenefs  in  the 
world,  they  have  the  leafl  of  it,  in 
reality,  in  the  world  j  and  that  a 
Frenchman's  politenefs  is  often  but 
a  cloak  for  his  petulance  and  ill 
manners.  A  Frenchman  thinks  he 
may  fay  the  faucieft  thing,  afk  the 
moft  free  and  impertinently  curious 
(]ueftion,  or  do  even  a  rude  thing, 
if  he  does  but  fay,  as  a  prelude  or 
introduction  to  it,  Je  'vous  demands 
mille  pardons.  This,  I  found  was  an 
obfervation  alfo  made  by  feveral  fo- 
reigners of  rank  and  diflin6lion  there. 
But  true  politenefs  does  not  confillrin 
making  the  fineft  bows  or  compli- 
ments, or  fuch  apologies  for  rudenefs 
(in  order  to  commit  it)  or  in  merA 
grimace  j— but  in  not  faying  or  do- 
ing any  rudely  free  or  oflenfively  im- 
pertinent thing,  that  ftands  in  need  of 
any  fuch  apology  or  pardon.  This  to « 
tal  want  of  real  politenefs  in  the  na « 
tion,  which  fcts  itfelf  up  as  the  ftaa  / 
dard,  as  the  profefTor  and  only  pro-^ 
feflbr  of  it,  joined  to  a  moft  infuffe- 
rable  j>rt^e,  vanity,  arrogant  conceit 
of  fupeoority  of  talents  of  all  kinds^ 
both,  ok  mind  and  body,  conftitute 
the  true  chara6ler  of  that  vain,  Hgbt, 
airy,  frivolous  people  }-*~-whom  we 
fliall,  in  time  (I  hope)  make  humbler  » 
and  had  (I  hoped)  already  tbrelbed 
into  a  little  better  manners^  Nuw  for 
another  rap. 
T  .McrhiAks . 


Digitiz'ed  by  VjOOQ IC 


I4<?  Raps  upon  the  Knuckles. 

Methinks  all  the  world  is  npw, 
indeed,  nothing  but  aflTe^tation.  You 
{hall  hear  a  lady  complaining  Co  pathe- 
tically o£  the  leaft  matter  in  the 
worlds  in  fi  conveifation  (he  had  been 
ai  indelicate  $  yet  can,  with  all  her 


Marcli 


Hit  ,   ,  , 

amazing  delicacy,  read  T—  $- 
ai^d  can^o  to,  and  can  bear  to  fit  out, 
the  moft  lufcious,  moft  grofsly  indeli- 
cate (a  too  delicate,  term  indeeed  here 
perhaps)  of  Wycherly's,  Behn's,  or 
Congrcve'f  plays.  Is:  it  eufto'm^*  or 
£pi(hion,  or  the  habitual  hearing  of 
them  fo  often,  pr  what  is  if,  that 
feems  to  have  worn  ofF  the  edge  or 
effeft  of  fuch  things? — One  would 
think  the  latter,  fmce  theatrical  peo- 
ple too,  with  aJl  their  nice  affe6led 
delicacy,  of  not  admitting  the  lead 
indelicate  allusion  in  any  modern 
piece,  yet  go  on  a£ling  thofe  that  are 
themoftlukiouHy  fo  amongil  the  old 
ones,  as  if  people  didtnot  feel  the  Si- 
mulations of  the  old  ones  any  more ; 
but  thii  is  only  to  fill  the  houfe  the 
better,  I  fnppoi^;  for  intcreft  will 
make  them  deviate  from  their  text, 
and  the  principles  they  throw  out,  as 
well  as  other  people. 
.  The  third  thing  I  would  fay,  is  a 
caution  to  our  people  of  quality,  &c, 
who  are  fo  often  idiy  altering  their 
jewels,  that  that  tii^y  be  not  deceived 
by  foreigners  who  deal  that  way.-— ^ 
Every  one  knows  how  well  French 
pafte  refembles  diamonds,  rubies,  eme- 
lalds,  faphires,  topazes,  &c.  nay,  fo 
as  as  not  to  be  diftiuguiftied  eaflly  by 
candle  light  from  the  real  gems  they 
imitate;  except  by  the  even  fuperior 
luftre  they  have  to  real  ones.  Now, 
I  overheard  people  lately  talking  much 
in  France  amongft  themfelves,  wh^t 
l^ood  fortunes  fome  of  them  had  rai- 
led amongft  us  in  that  way  %  and  that 
when  necklaces,  ear-rings,  &c.  were 
given  to  them  to  new  fet,  and  even  to 
clean,  it  was  eafy  to  take  out  fome  of 
the  beft  real  ftones,  and  replace  them 
(with  fuch  infinity  art)  with  what  ap- 
peared better  by  night,  and  almofl  io 
well  by  day  as  not  to  be  known 
when  mixed  together  amongft  others, 
but  by  connoifteurs.  I  knew  indeed 
a  man  once,  who  made  a  great  and 
vaft  fortune  (I  fear  this,  and  fuch 
ways,  by  the  rapidity  of  it)  who 
went  over  afterwards  to  France,  to 
Cpend  amongft  his  countrymen  above 
7o>oool.  he  had  thus  or  otberwife 
5 


duped  the  niilprds  an^  Myhdies  Am-^ 
gloiffs  of}  fo  that  I  don't  wonder  at 
fo  many  foreigners  almoft  always  ftick* 
ing  to  that  branch  of  trade,  prefera« 
biy  to  any  other  :  And  you  feldom  fee 
them  apply  to  any  laborious  bufinefa 
as  mechanicsi  as  joiners,  carpenters, 
ihiiths,  &c.  for  which  they  are  always 
too  fine  gentlemen. 

I  remember  once,  vi/iting  a  lady  of 
great  quality,  who  employed  the  mail 
I  fpcak  of,  and  I  took  the  liber* 
ty  give  her  fome  cautions  of  this  kind. 
— "  Phoo  (faid  (he)  do  you  think  a 
man  who  keeps  his  carriage,  and  haa 
fuch  "great  hufmcfs,  would  run  the 
rifque  of  his  chara6lcr  by  doing  fuch 
things  ?**  —  Though  I  perceived  {be 
looked  upon  me  much  in  the  fame 
light  as  if  fhc  had  faid  /bu  inftcad  of 
phoo  J  jet,  to  this  lad)'s-logic  I  repli- 
ed,  «  But  fome  rifque  moft   be 

run.  Madam,  to  make  a  fortune : 
How  many  of  all  nations  would  run  * 
the  rifque  of  every  thing  to  make  one  ? 
And  fome  of  thclepeopU  couU  never 
make  fuch  rapid  and  very  great  onc» 
amongft  us,  if  they  did  hot  do  fuch 
things.  And  rifque  run  for  rifque, 
it  is  only  running  away  to  their  own 
country,  if  detected  by  great  chance, 
before  they  have  made  up  quite  the 
fortune  they  want."  However,  even 
tbatmade,  lobferved,  no  impre/Fion  up. 
on  her  then.  Yet  I  was  perfuaded  they 
got  fo  much,  that  that  man  had  no 
need  his  prince  (hould  pay  him  any 
thing,  for  being  a*  fpy  upon  us  i  if 
he  was  fo, which  was  not  without  fome 
fpfpicion.    I  am,  fvct 

Yqi$r  conftant  reader, 

OCULISTA. 

A  brief  Account  of  Cornhill  Ward.  fS^e 
tbi  Flan,  p,  64.) 

CORNHILL  Ward,  is  fo  called  from 
Combill,  its  principal  ftreet,  lb 
denominated  from  the  Corn-market, 
kept  there  in  ancient  times,  (t  \% 
bounded  Eaftward,  by  Bifhopfgate 
ward,  Weftwaixl,  by  Cheap  ward. 
Northward,  by  Broadftreet  ward,  and 
Southward  by  Langborn  ward.  lea 
extent  is  but  fmal),  and  its  ftreets^ 
courts,  allies,  &c.  may  be  feen  in  the 
plan.  There  are  two  pariOi  churches 
in  this  ward,  viz,  St.  Michacrs,  and 
St.  Peter^s,  and  the  principal  publiclc 
building  is,  the  Royal  Exchan^^ 
buih  in  S566,  by  Sir  Tliomas  Grefham*. 

httiar 


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burnt  down  In  i665t   and  rebuilt  as  it 
appears/    Of  the  churches. 

I.  St.  MichaePsy  Cornhilly  is  a  rec- 
tory,  in  the  patronage  of  the  drapers 
company*  value  to  the  rc^^or,   about 
ixol.  per  ann.    The  church  was  burnt 
down  in  the  great  fire  of  1666,  and>af* 
terwards    beautifully  rebuilt.    Vcftry 
general ;    three  churchwardens,    liz 
fcooies  i    augmentation  to  the  parifli 
of  St.  Giles,  Cripplegate  lol.  per  ann. 
%,  St.  Peter's,  Cornhill,  is  a  rectory, 
ia  the   patronage  of  the  lord  mayor 
and  commonalty  of   London.     The 
chore h  being  deftroyed  in  the  fire  of 
London,  was  handfbmely  rebuilt.    Va- 
lue to  the  re£lor  about  240I.  per  anh. 
Vcftry  feleft,    of  40  members)    two 
churchwardens,  two  overfecrs  of  the 
poor  I  100  hoafes ;    augmentation  to 
'  the  parim  of  St.  Botolph,  Biihopfgate 
loJ.  per  ann.    This  ward  is  governed 
by  an  alderman,  bis  deputy,  and  five 
other  common-council  men,  fourcon- 
ftables,  four  fcavengers,  fixteen  ward- 
mote inqueft  men,    and  one  beadle. 
The  watdi  every  night,   confifts  of  a 
conftable,  beadle,   and  fixteen  watch- 
men.   The    jury    retxirncd    by   the 
wardmote  inqueft,   are  to  ferve  as  ju- 
rors, in  the  feveral  courts  of  Guildhall, 
ill  the  month  of  January. 

The  prcfent  aJderman  is  Brackley 
KcQnet,  Efq;  his  deputy,  Mr.  Francis 
£ihs ;  the  other  common- council  men, 
MelT.  James  Walton,  Thomas  Cogan, 
William  Dawlon,  William  Sbencon, 
and  Henry  Parker. 

ro  the  AUTHOR  of  tht  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  1  R,  February  26,  1768. 

YO  IT  R  inferting  the  following 
account,  Which  I  have  fent  you, 
in  your  next  month's  Magazine,  will 
probably  be  entertaining  to  your 
resteers,  and  be  a  means  of  fome  per- 
lbn*s  making  farther  and  nic^r  obfer- 
▼ations  as  to  the  infect  itfelf,  to  which 
it  relates.  Speculator. 

An  AccouMt  if  thi  MoLB  Bse. 
VT  or  WITHSTANDING  the  numc- 


Account  of  tie  MoU'Bei.  147 

have  of  late  years  been  made  in  na« 
tural  hiftory  ;  yet  fuch  is  the  boUndlcfs 
extent,  and  diverfity  of  objeifts  there- 
in, that  it  is  no  wonder  that  there  are 
daily  a  great  nuinber  of  very  curious 
appearances,  and  which  will  continue 
to  the  end  of  the  world,  to  ftrike  otir 
view,  and  engage  our  attention ; 
which  at  pfefent  neverthelcfs  have 
been  paiTed  by  hitherto  unnoticed. 
One  of  thofc,  which  I  fhalF  now  de- 
fcribe,  is  an  infe6t,  which  from  iu 
particular  properties  may  well  be  dif- 
tinguiihed  from  other  beet,  by  the 
name  of  the  mole  bee— the  colour 
and  appearance  of  thi*  curious  little 
creature  diilers  nothing  from  that,  of 
the  honey  making  bee  \  but  the  body 
is  longer  and  more  flender— the  ex- 
tremities of  the  fore  legs  are  much  like 
the  Grylla  Talpas,  or  Mole'Cricketts, 
which  enables  it  to  work  in  the  man- 
ner it  docs,  its  chief  employment 
when  it  makes  its  appearance,  being 
to  dig  into  the  earth,  and  there  fortu 
fubterraneous  pafiages,  and  the  mah- 
ner  as  well  as  the  quicknefs  with 
which  it  does  this  I  haVe  niyfelf  oftftn 
obfervcd  with  pleafiire.  It  lights, 
where  it  chufes  Upon  the  •  turf,  and 
beginning  to  work  with  its  fore  feet 
throws  up  a  little  hillock,  of  thebigneft 
of  a  nutmeg,  like  a  mole  hill,  and  in 
a  moment  almoft,  thofe  infects  are  hid 
from  your  fight.  It  is  moreover  ftr 
markable  alio  that  each  of  thofe  beet 
works  himfelf  into  one  hole,  and 
comes  out  at  another  aboVit  half  an 
inch  diftant.  Tht  time  Of  their  ap- 
peering  is  ifi  the  firft  warm  weather 
in  May,  and  they  always  vanifh  iipOn 
the  cominp^  on  of  the  cold  weather  in 
autumn  ;  indeed  in  the  very  mid II  of 
fummer,  if  it  happens  to  be  cold  or 
rainy,  they  conftantly  confine'  theiti- 
felves  to  their  underground  manfions. 
They  are  very  riumcrbus,  multiply 
very  faft,  and  have  rto  ftings.  I  coUld 
neVer  difcover  what  it  wis  they  liv^^d 
upon,  as  I  never  (b  much  as  once 
fawthem  pitch  upon  any  kind  of  plant, 
or  flower— what  becomes  of  them  in 
the  winter  I  know  not ;  but  it  fechis 
rous  and  various  inquiries  which     probable,  that  they  then  (belter  them- 

•  The  turf  of  the  Jlppes^  and  tAJolhs  in  Mr.  HintofCs  garden  at  Hay  is  ^  (^uuMeb 
indeed  is  tbe  only  place  nvbere  I  e*ver  faao  any  of  tkem,)'  ivas  fo  far  fioiled  by  tbe 
gnat  number  of  boles  they  made  and  tbe  bilhcks  tbey  tbreiuup^  tbat  'tbe  garden  teas 
new  turfed :  and  a  perjon  <would  bave  imagined^  that  upon  taking  up  tbi  old  turf^ 


fioti  of  their  eggs  or  nefis  would  barve  been  found,  but  tbey  were  not, 

T 


felvet 


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I4S 


LIFE      OF 


March 


felveft  iii  tbe  cavities*  or  among  the 
roots  of  fome  trees  adjoining  to  tbe 
places,  where  tbcy  are  fccn  in  the 
fuininer— when  tkcy  arc  not  at  work 
in  digging,  they  amufe  thcmfelves 
with  an  aerial  dance  about  a  foot  above 
the  furface  of  the  earth. 

^bt  Life  of  Pope  ^'ixtniy.  toutinuedfrom 
our  laji  Volume^  p.  678. 

POPE  Gregory  died  in  April 
X585,  and  his  death  produced,  as 
ufua),  dreadful  difordersand  raifchiefs 
in  the  Eccleiiaftical  ftate  and  in  Rome 
jtfelf,  where  murder,  rapine,  and  every 
vice  ftalked  with  unbridled  licence 
^urin^  the  vacancy  of  the  papal  throne. 

*«  During  the  ten  days,  that  the  fu- 
neral ceremonies  of  the  ^deceafed  pope 
lafted,  they  that  had  any  pretenfions 
to  the  papacy,  were  carryinia;  on  their 
fchemes  and  intrigues,  running  about 
to  fol  licit  the  AifFrages  and  intereft  of 
their  friends  ;  whilft  Montalto  did  not 
feem  to  give  himfelf  the  leaft  trouble 
or  concern.  He  took  fo  uncommon  a 
road  to  it,  that  no  body  fufpedled  he 
had  any  defigns  at  all  of  that  kind. 
Some  of  the  cardinals,  out  of  con- 
tempt ufed  to  call  him,  the  afs  of  la 
Marca  (which  he  pretended  not  to  hear, 
or  take  notice  of)  looking  upon  his  fa- 
culties and  intelle^s  as  entirely  gone  ; 
and  others  feeing  him  bent  down  with 
difeafe  and  old  agr,  did  not  in  the  leaft 
dream  of  his  ever  being  elected.  Hut 
we  muft  take  notice,  by  the  by,  that 
he  was  the  youngefl  of  all  thofe  that 
afpired  to  the  pontificate;  and  though 
he  often  ufed  to  fay,  <<  that  an  old 
fellow,  ot  threefcore  and  ten,  was  fit 
for  nothing  in  the  world,''  it  is  cer- 
tain h;  was,  at  that  time,  but  in  his 
64th  year. 

Indeed,  hardly  any  one  could  have 
imagined,  that  the  cardinals  would 
turn  their  eyes  upon  a  pcrfon  that 
could  fcarcely  (land  upon  his  legs, 
whom  they  thought  little  better  than 
a  dotard  and  a  driveller  ;  as  the  go- 
vernment of  the  Holy  See  requires  a 
man  of  found  and  ftrong  faculties, 
both  of  body  and  mind.  Yet  it  was 
to  thefe  very  failings,  that  Montalto 
owed  his  exaltation. 

His  proceedings  were  dark  and  fe- 
cret  3  he  alone,  if  we  may  ufe  the  ex- 
preiTion,  lay  at  anchor,  when  all  the 
other  candicjates  were  under  full  fail. 
Taking  a  quite  different  courfc  fropi 


them  in  all  refpc6^s  ;  he  fpoke  ircll  q€ 
every  body,  and  feemed  to  have  a  vexy 
low  and  mean  opinion  of  himfelf. 

Amongft  other  viiits  that  be  made 
before  they  entered  the  conclave^  be 
went  to  Cardinal  Farnefe,  who  wa^  at 
the  head  of  a  very  potent  fa^ion^ 
though  he  knew  he  could  hardly  besur 
to  fee  him,  with  any  fort  of  patience^ 
and  told  him,  *'  He  thought  it  his  du- 
ty to  wait  upon  him,  as  dean  of  the 
Holy  College,  tadefire,  if  he  thought 
the  conclave  would  laft  a  long  time, 
that  he  would  be  pleafed  to  difpenfe 
with,  his  going  into  it  j  for  that  be  ve- 
rily believed  he  (hould  not  live  ^naiiy 
days.'*  Farnefe  exhorting  him,  **  not 
to  abandon  the  ioterefts  of  the  church 
in  an  affair  of  fo  great  importance  to 
all  Chriftendom  j"  Montalto  anfwered, 
"  That  the  hope  of  his  fuffragc  being 
not  altogether  ufclefs  to  his  emioencc, 
was  the  only  confideration  that  could 
induce  him  to  go  and  meet  his  death 
there  5  to  which  Farnefe  replyed, 
•'  I  would  advife  you  to  go  and  try 
your  own  intereft  ;  for  I  dare  fay  you 
would  be  as  glad  to  be  pope  as  any 
one  elfe.*'  Montalto,  furprized  at  the 
repartee,  faid,  *'  That  the  cardinals 
muft  be  very  wrong-headed  indeed, 
to  think  of  fuch  a  poor  obje£l  as  him, 
who  had  it  not  in  his  power  to  do  any 
one  thing,  but  wifli  well  to  bis  pa- 
trons  and  friends/'  He  talked  in  the 
fame  ftyle  to  every  dne  of  the  cardi- 
nals  that  he  thought  (lood  any  chance 
of  bein^  pope ;  elpecially  to  the  chiefs 
of  fadhons,  continually  fpeaking  in 
their  praife,  acknowledging  the  obli- 
gations he  lay  under  to  them,  telling 
them,  **  How  ardently  he  wifhcd  he 
was  able  to  do  them  a  fervice  ;  and 
what  a  prejudice  he  thought  it  would 
be  to  the  church,  if  the  government 
was  entrufted  in  any  other  hands." 

In  the  dillrihution  of  their  apart- 
ments  in  the  conclave,  which  is  alvrays 
done  by  lot,  he  happened  to  be  fitusvt- 
ed  in  the  midft  of  the  principal  offi. 
cers;  Cardinal  Farnefe,  dean  of  the 
H.  College,  and  Vice-chancellor  of  the 
church,  lodged  on  his  left-hand  j 
ContarcUi,  the  datary,  on  his  right  | 
and  Guaftavillano,  the  great  cham- 
berlain, next  to  Contarelii.  As  Toon 
as  the  mailer  of  the  ceremonies  had 
made  this  didribution,  he  came  to 
congratulate  Montalto,  as  if,  vi'hat 
was  notliing  but  the  cflfe^  of  chance. 

Iia4 


Lrf       to. 


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1768. 


POPE     S  I  X  T  U  S. 


bad  been  a  locky  omen,  or  preraget>f 
lus  eU6iion.** 

««  The  forty-two  cardinals,  of  which 
the  conclave  confided,  were  divided 
into  five  faAions  ;  Farnefe  was  at  the 
had  of  the  hrtt  $  D'Efte  of  the  fecondj 
Alexandrino  of  the  third ;  Altempa  of 
the  fourth  ;  and  the  fifth,  which  was 
^liaooft  equal  in  number  to  all  the 
itft,  was  conduced  by  Buon  Com- 
pagnon.  Cardinal  of  St.  Sixtus,  ne- 
phew to  the  late  pope. 

There  were  fourteen  that  afpired 
to  the  papacy,  viz.  Farnefe  and  Sa- 
vcUi,  created  by  Paul  III  5  Santa 
Cfoce,  Palcotto,  St.  George,  and  Sir- 
ktti,  by  Pius  IV;  Montalto,  Cefis,  St. 
Scvcrini,  andAlbano,  by  Pius  Vj  Fa- 
cbinetd,  or  Facquinetti,  commonly 
called  cardinal  di  Santiquattro,  Delia 
Torre,  a  native  of  Udina,  Mondovi, 
9iid  Cailagna,  by  Gregory  XIII  $  and 
though  they  were  all  papable,  there 
were  not  above  half  of  them  propofed 
as  candidates  in  the  conclave.  Thcfe 
were  all,  more  or  lefs,  fupported  by 
the  beads  of  the  feveral  faaions,  ac- 
cording to  the  opinion  they  had  of 
them ;  for  though  thefe  chiefs  jpretend 
much  aceal  and  concern  for  the  intereft 
of  all  their  creature?,  left  jealoufy 
fcould  detach  them,  and  rum  their 
party  5  yet  there  is  generaHy  one  per- 
ioD,  whom  they  favour  more  than  the 
rtl,  and  with  a  greater  degree  of 
wamth  and  confidence.'* 

Oar  author  then  gives  an  account 
o(  the  intrigues  in  the  conclave, 
which  is  nothing  to  the  prefent  pur- 
I)ole,  and  proceeds,  as  follows :  **  There 
had  been  already  foroe  fecrct  proceed- 
ings, in  favour  of  Montalto,  begun  by 
Alexandrine  and  D'Eftc,  The  former 
hoped  to  have  a  great  (hare  in  the  ad- 
rotniftration,  under  a  pontif,  that  had 
been  made  cardinal  by  his  uncle,  to 
whom  he  lay  under  fo  many  other  ob- 
ligations. D'Eftc  was  drawn  in  with 
tbc  fame  view,  by  the  perfuafion  of 
Kufticucd,  who  had  a  great  influence 
over  him,  and  had  been  flattered  by 
Montalto,  till  he  began  to  grow  fond 
of  him. 

Medicis  and  his  friends,  apprehen- 
(i\e  of  Farnefe's  intrigues  for  Torre, 
went  privately,  and  made  an  offer 
of  their  fervicc  to  D'Efte  and  Alexan- 
drioo,  promifing  to  afTift  Montalto. 
They  were  both  highly  pleafed  at  this: 
As  Medicis,   wl^o  was  iil  great  credit 


149 


at  the  court  of  Spain,  was  aflared  of 
the  Spaniih  intereft ;  and  D'Efte,  as 
chief  of  the  French  fa^on,  anfwered 
for  their  concurrence;  fo  that  thefe 
two  powerful,  and  generally  oppofite 
parties,  for  once,  joined  in  chulin^ 
the  fame  perfon.  ' 

Thefe  three  cardinals  having  engag- 
ed their  word  to  each  other,  came  le- 
cretly  to  Montalto^s  apartment  in  the 
night,  and  acquainted  him  with  their 
defign  to  make  him  pope.  Alexan- 
drino,  who  undertook  to  be  the  fpokef- 
roan,  whifpercd  tohim,  for  fear  of  be- 
ing overheard  by  Farnefe,  whofe  room 
was  next  to  that  of  Montalto,  **  We 
are  come  to  tell  your  eminence  a  piece 
of  very  good  news,  which  is,  that  we 
are  refolved  to  make  you  pope.'** 

Montalto  had  all  this  time  kept 
himfelf  clofe  (hut  up  in  his  little  cham- 
ber, and  was  no  more  thought  or  fpoke 
of,  than  if  he  had  not  been  in  the  con- 
clave. He  very  feldom  ftirred  out» 
and  when  he  went  to  mafs,  or  any  <^ 
the  forutinies,  appeared  fo  little  con- 
cerned, that  one  would  have  thought  be 
had  no  manner  of  intereft  in  any  thing 
that  happened  within  thofe  walls* 
But  he  was,  neverthelefs,  advancing 
his  intereft  at  a  great  rate,  whilft  he 
feemed  to  give  himfelf  no  trouble 
abocit  it.  When  he  met  any  cardinal^ 
that  he  knew  wifli'd  well  to  the  inte- 
reft of  St.  Sixtus,  he  ufed  to  fay,  «« The 
cardinals  ought  to  chufe  a  perfon  that 
would  be  agreeable  to  him,  out  of  re- 
gard to  his  own  merit,  and  the  me- 
mory of  his  uncle  Gregory  XIII,  who 
had  governed  the  church  with  fo  much 
gentlenefs  and  clemency.'*  If  he  faw 
any  of  Farnefe's  friends,  he  feemed  to 
wonder,  **  That  he  was  not  yet  chofe.^' 

Before  the  adherents  of  Medicis,  he 
extolled  their  patron,  "  As  the  moft 
worthy  man  in  the  conclave."  In  fhort 
he  fpoke  well  of  all  the  cardinals,  but 
particularly  of  fuch  as  he  did  not  think 
his  friendsy  or  had  the  greateft  credit 
and  intereft.  As  foon  as  he  was  ac- 
quainted with  their  intentions  by  Alex- 
andrino,  in  the  prefence  of  Medicis 
and  D'Efte,  he  fell  into  fuch  a  violent 
fit  of  coughing,  that  they  thought  he 
would  have  expired  upon  the  fpot,  and 
faid,  as  foon  as  he  could  fpeak,  ««  That 
his  reign  would  be  but  ot  a  few  days  ; 
that,  befide  the  continual  difHculty 
with  which  he  drew  his  breath,  h^  had 
not  ftfength  enough  to  fupport  fuch 

9,  wcighl 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


rsp 


AR'TrVL    MANArOlM^Nr; 


ftibrrfi 


.a  weight ;  and  that  hjs  fmall  cxperi- 
rience  in  affairs,  made  him  altogether 
.unfit  for  a  charge  of  fo  important  a 
naturt,  except  he  could  depend  npon 
the  affiftance  of  pthersj*'  they  an- 
fwered,  That  Gad  would  give  him 
<ftrcngih  fofficienr  to  govern  his 
church fV  to.whiclj  he  replied,  "That 
he  never  would  accept  of  it  upon  any 
terms  whatfoevcr,  except  they  would  all 
three  promife  not  to  abandon  him,  but 
to  take  the  greateft  part  of  the  weight 
off  his  fljoulders,  as  he  was  neither 
able,  nor  could  in  confcience  pretend, 
to  take  the  whole  of  it  upon  himfelf^" 
The  other  cardinals  afl'urin^  him  they 
tfould  ;  he  faid,  "  If  you  are  refolvcd 
to  make  me  pope,  it  will  only  be  plac- 
■  jng  yourfelves  in  the  throne  j  we  rauft 
ihare  the  pontificate  j  for  my  part  I 
-  (hall  be  content  with  the  bare  title ; 
let  them  call  me  pope,  and  you  are 
heartily  welcome  to  the  power  and  au- 
thority." 

Deluded  by  thefc  infinuations,  they 
fwaltowed  the  bait,  and  determined  to 
chufe  him.  Thus  he  craftily  brought 
about  his  great  defigns,  by  methods, 
in  all  appearance,  the  .leait  probable. 
He.  had  forefeen,  that  at  the  death  of 
the  pope,  there  would  be  great  contefts 
and  diviftons  in  the  conclave }  and 
very  rightly  judged,  as  it  proved,  that 
if  the  chiefs  of  the  parties  met  with 
any  difficulty  in  chufmgthe  perfon  they 
intended,  they  would  all  wiUingly.con- 
cur  in  the  election  of  fome  very  old 
and  infirm  cardinal  (as  had  been  done 
more  than  once  in  fuch  cafes  before) 
which  would  give  them  time  to  lay 
their  fchemes  better  againft  another 
vacancy.  This  was  the  true  reafonof 
his  fhammin^  the  Imbecile,  affecting 
lo  appear  like  a  dying  man,  and  en- 
deavouring, by  a  harmlefs  and  inof- 
fenfive  behaviour,  not  to  difoblige 
any  body. 

The  cardinals  were  no  fooner  got 
out  of  his  apartment,  but  they  retired 
ihto  a  private  place,  to  confer  amongff 
themlelves  about  the  advantages  that 
would  accrue  to  each  of  them  from 
fuch  an  election.  **  What  can  we 
wifh  tor  more,  faid  they,  than  to 
have  the  entire  difpofal  of  the  pope  ? 
We  fhould  be  egregious  fools,  indeed, 
and  dcfcrve  to  be  loundly  laughed  at, 
if  we  let  fuch  an  opportunity  flip  out 
of  our  hands.  Montalto  has  Opened 
hit  Ivcart  to  us  very  frankly^  and  ia 


.  quite  difF^^rent  termi  from  any  of  the 
other  candidates ;  as.he  never  had  any 
gQTernmeQt,  but  that  of  his  own  ot- 
der  for  a  little  while,  he  will  be  alto, 
gether  raw  and  inexperienced  in  that 
of  the  whole  church,  and  mufl  neccf. 
farily  make  ufe  of  us ;  there  is  nn 
probability,  nor  indeed  poflibilty,  of 
his  pretending  to  fleer  the  vefTel  alone. 
He  has  no  relations  to  cail  in,  thtt 
are  capable  of  affixing  him.  His  ne- 
phews are  fitter  to  hold  a  plough,  than 
rule  a  flate.  He  is  fenfible,  that  we 
have  been  lone  employed  in  the  go- 
vernment of  the  date  5  that  we  are 
able  to  direft  him  with  our  counfel 
and  advice ;  and  that,  as  he  pwei  hii 
exaltation  entirely  to  us,  he  cannotj 
in  confcience,  lodge  the  power  in  any 
other  hands.  We  may  depend  upon 
having  the  adminiflration  wholly  to 
ourfclves :  For  if,  whilfl  he  was  bui 
cardinal,  he  did  not  think  hirafell 
able  to  manage  the  few  afTairs  thai 
fell  within  that  narrow  circle,  the  dlf« 
trufl  of  his  abilities  will  naturally  in< 
creafe,  in  proportion  to  the  weight 
and  number  of  the  difHcuhies  he  will 
meet  with, .  when  he  comes  to  lit  in  ih 
chair  of  St,  Peter."' 

Having  fully  fatisfyM  thenrfclvfi 
with  theie  arguments,  they  ufcd  al 
theif  endeavours  to  get  him  chofe 
and  began  with  trying  to  bring  ove 
the  Farnefian  intereft,  artfully  caufinj 
a  report  to  be  fpread,  that  Torre  woul< 
be  there  in  two  days  j  and  Rufticucci 
to  whom  they  had  communicated  thei 
defign,  fhewed  feveral  letter?,  whic 
he  faid  he  had  received  to  that  pur 
pofe.  They  gave  it  out,  that  if  Far 
nefe  could  not  procure  him  to  b 
chofe,  he  would  fet  up  for  hirofel 
To  operate  the  more  e^edlualiy  upo; 
the  cardinals  that  oppofed  the  ele< 
tion  of  Farnefe,  they  further  pn 
tended,  .that  he  daily  expelled  tt 
return  of  two  couriers,  whom  he  ha 
difpatched  to  the  kings  of  France  an 
Spain,  who,  mofl  probably,  wou! 
bring  with  them  an  account  of  tl 
favourable  difpofition  of  thofe  tv 
monarchs}  efpecially  that  of  Franc 
t(x  whom  he  had  reprefented,  in  t] 
ftrongefl  terms,  the  faithful  attaci 
mcnt  of  his  family,  and  the  great  fc 
vices  his  anceflors  had  often  done 
the  French  nation. 

Some  of  the  cardinals  were  excc^ 
jngly   furprized,    when    they  hca 

Medi 


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]^6S. 


LORDS    P  k  6  T  E  S^ti 


Medial  had  declared  for  Montalto, 
isd  could  not  comprehend  the  reafons 
tbt  induce^]  him  to  be  fo  llrenuous  for 
I  perfon^  that  hid  been  a  profeflcd^ehe- 
my  to  his  coufiji  Paul  Urdni.  But,  it 
leemf,  his  ambition,  ^ and  the  defire  he 
fcid  to  exclude  Farncfe  and  •  Bella 
Torre,  prevailed  over  all  family  re- 
fffttmenti,'  for  he  exerted  bimfelf  with- 
oofc  seal  than  any  other  cardinal,  in 
ttieintereft  of  Montalto;  though  he 
wu  not  without  fufpicions  that  Far- 
neie,  by  ibme  artifice  or  other,  would 
iedoce  Alexandrino,  who  was  natu- 
rHj  fickle  and  irrefolbte. 

It  was  thought  by  feme,  thatMedicis 
would  not  have  taken  this  part,  if  he 
liid  not  been  tborbughly  convinced 
thatMoutalto,  far  from  being  an  in- 
valid, was  flrong  and  healthful  e- 
nough,  in  all  probability,  to  furvive 
Farncfe,  and  all  his  faction,  by  which 
be  imagined,  he  ihould  get  rid  of 
tbole  that  were  likely  to  be  the  great- 
eft  obftacles  to  hit  ever  being  pope 
biio&lf.  fiut  this,  I  think,  is  {pin- 
ning the  thread  rathef  too  fine  :  For, 
iboDgh  Montalto  was  in  reality,  as 
weharefaid,  but  Cxty-four  years  old, 
yet,  after  be  was  cardinal,  he  appeared 
raocb  more  aged  than  he  was,  by  let- 
tmg  bis  beard  grow,  and  neg1e<5liiig 
i^is  ditfs  (which  make  a  great  aUera- 
tioQ  in  a  man's  looks)  feeming  almod 
bent  double,  and  hardly  able  to  fup* 
pert  faimlelf  with  a  ftaff,  which  he 
uoiandy  made  ufe  of  when  he  went 
Jbrotd. 

[To  he  eotaimuedin  our  mext,"} 

rhelORtyS  PROTEST, 

Die  Lututf  %  Feb,  1768. 
^3*  wi  liffa  eft  *///«— Intituled, 
an  Aft  for  further  regulating  the 
Proceedings  of  the  United  Company 
of  Merchants  of  England  trading 
tothcEaft  Indies,  with  refpe6t  to 
tfee  miking  of  Dividends.  Tiie 
Qoeftion  was  pat  whether  the  fa  id 
.  Bill  (ball  pafs,  it  was  refolf  ed  in  tiie 
iirmative. 

Difenltent. 
A  HECAUSE  this  hill  is  an  exer- 
D  tion  of  the  fupreme  power  of 
J^iiracnt,  equally  unnccefldry  and 
^"ferous,  after  having  had  the  mod 
tirtifying  experience  of  the  operation 
•^»lik:  icftri^ion  lad  year,   which 


enCreafed  the  very  mirchlef  it  was  in- 
tended to  remedy,  at  a  time  when  the 
circumftances  of  the  company  are  clear 
beyond  a  doubt,  and  their  opulence 
verified  beyond  the  moft  fangulne  eic- 
pe^ation :  no  fuppofed  niifconduft  of 
the  company  .ailing  for  the  intcrpoli- 
tion  of  parliament  ^  no  ra(h  and  ex- 
ccflivc  dividends  declared  5  no  encreafe 
of  dividends  even  defired  ;  on  thecoii- 
trary,  the  company  have  reftrained  it^. 
fclf  on  principles  much  more  rational 
than  thofe  adopted  by  the  bill,  as  they 
h^ve  a  reference  to  their  circamftances, 
and  not  to  a  fix'd  period  of  time, 
marked  by  an  arbitrary  refolution. 
We  cannot  therefore  avoid  confidering 
this  bill  as  a  mere  aft  of  power,  with- 
out a  colour  of  delinquency  on  the 
part  of  the  company,  or  ot  necefHty 
o<i  the  part  of  the  public'. 

adly,  Becaufe  it  appears  to  us,  that 
this  bill  is  an  high  violation  of  the  na- 
tibnal  faith,  taking  away,  without 
any  judicial  procefs,  or  even  anv  cri- 
minal charge,  that  pOwer  of  declaring 
dividends,  whicli  the  company  pur- 
chafed  from  the  public  for  a  valuable 
conHderation. 

jdly  Becaufe  it  appears  to  us  alto- 
gether unaccountable  to  pafs  in  one 
)  ear  ah  aft  fop  regulating  the  modes 
and  conditions  of  declaring  dividend* 
by  the  company ;  and,  in  the  very 
nkxt  year,  to  prohibit  the  exercife  of 
thofe  very  powers  fo  regulated  :  this 
aft  is  now  in  fall  force  i  no  deftft  in 
it  hai  been  dated  :  no  amendment  Has 
been  propofed  ;  no  infraftion  has  been 
pretended.  This  law,  made  exprefly 
to  regulate  the  method  of  declaring  di- 
vidends, does  of  nece/Jity  imply  the 
exercife  of  that  right  under  the  condi- 
tions  therein  prefcribed,  which  cannot 
be  takeh  from  the  E.  I.  company, 
without  tlie  mod  fignal  difgrace  to  the 
Wildom  and  good  faith  of  the  legifla- 
Hire,  and  the  fubverfibn  of  every  prin- 
ciple of  legal  government. 

4thly,  Becaufe  it  appears  to  us,  that 
to  reftrain  the  fubjcft  in  the  difpofi- 
tlon  of  his  own  property,  without  any 
other  pretcncfe  than  the  mere  poffibifiiy 
of  abufe,  (this  bill  having  been  chiefly 
defended  upon  that  ground)  is  a  prin- 
ciple unheard-of  in  any  h'^t  country, 
ahd  moft  alarming  to  all  the  trading 
and  monied  interefts  of  this  kingdoms 
it  goes  to  the  fubjcfting,    to  the  fame 

rtftraint 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tS2 


K  I  N  O'S     S  P  E  EC  tt 


Mvcti 


reftrainty  Oiv  the  faipe  loofe  reafoni, 
•every  great  company,  as  well  as  every 
public  or  private  itock,  which  may 
become  of  magnitude  fufHcient  to 
tempt)  in  future  times,  an  impove- 
riflied  treafury  and  a  rapacious  admi- 
niftration,  fince  no  degree  of  innocence 
can  be  a  fecurity  againft  fuch  fufpicion 
of  a  poflible  fraud  $  and  fuch  a  fufpi- 
cion may  be  made  a  eround  for  conti- 
nuing an  arbitrary  reSraint,  until  the 
fubjedt  (hall  confent  to  ranfom  his 
property  on'  fuch  terms  as  (hall  be 
preicribed  to  him. 

5thly,  Becaufe  this  annual  reilraint 
tends  to  eftablifli  a  perpetual  interpofj- 
tion  of  parliament,  in  declaring  divi- 
dends for  this  company,  and  mdeed 
all  companies  whatloever,  to  the  cn- 
creafe  of  that  moft  dangerous  and  in- 
famous part  of  ftock- jobbing,  which 
is  carried  on  by  clandeftine  intelligence, 
and  to  the  vetting  it  in  the  worft  of  all 
hands,  thofe  of  admi nitration  |  for  a 
minifter,  who  Hiall  hereafter  acquire 
Sn  parliament  (by  whatever  means) 
fufficient  influence  for  the  purpofe, 
may,  by  his  power  of  encrcafinj^,  di- 
miniftiing,  or  withholding  dividends 
at  his  pleafure,  have  all  the  ilock- 
holders  in  thefc  companies  (a  body, 
extremely  confiderable  for  wealth  and 
numbers)  entirely  at  his  mercy,  and 
probably  at  his  difpofal,  to  the  mfinite 
encreafe  of  the  already  overgrown, 
and  almoft  irrefiiUble  influence  of  the 
crown. 

6thly,  Becaufe  we  apprehend,  that 
this  unprecedented  pradtice  of  declar* 
ing  dividends  in  parliament,  may  be- 
come a  more  alarming  mode  of  undue 
influence  on  the  members  themfelves, 
than  any  of  thofe  which  have  hitherto 
fo  frequently  excited  the  jealoufy  of 
the  legiflature,  fince  it  furniflies  a  fund 
of  corruption  far  greater  than  any  hi- 
therto known  $  a  fund  in  its  nature 
inexhauftible,  of  the  greater  facility 
in  the  application,  and  quite  out  of 
the  reach  of  all  difcovery  and  profecu- 
tion.  We  think  the  jprinciple  of  this 
bill  the  firft  ilep  towards  the  introduc- 
tion of  fuch  a  new  fyflem  of  corrup- 
tion, and  have  therefore  reflfted  it, 
left  the  conilitution  ihould  become  to- 
tally perverted  fron^  the  ends  for 
which  it  was  originally  eftablifhed, 
and  be  no  longer  venerated  by  this 
liation,  as  giving  fecurity  to  liberty 
Mfid  property,  and  prote^ion  to  the 


fubje^t  from  all  violence  and  injuftic^ 

on  the  part  of  government. 
Richmond,  Temple, 
King,  Fred.  Exort, 

tlai  ' 


Portland, 
Rockingham, 
Monfon, 
Lyttelton, 


WinchelftaandNoU 

tingharo, 
Dartmouth^ 
Ponfopby. 


Hh  Majefifs  Speech  to  both  Houjti  of 
Pariiament,  mt  March  io,  1769* 
My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 
f*  ^Tp  H  E  readintffs  with  which  yoU 
X  entered  into  the  views  I  re- 
commended to  you  at  the  opening  of 
this  feflion,  and  the  aHlduity  with 
which  vou  have  applied  yourfelves  to 
the  dilpatch  of  the  public  bufinefs, 
give  me  great  fatisfa6Hon;  At  the 
Fame  time,  the  affeAionate  concern 
you  have  (hewn  for  the  welfare  of  your 
tellow  fubje6ts,  by  the  falutary  laws 
pafl*ed  for  their  relief  in  refpeft  to  the 
high  price  of  provifions,  cannot  fail  of 
fecuring  to  you  their  mod  grateful  re- 
gard. 

I  have  nothing  new  to  communicate 
to  you  in  relation  to  foreign  af)^airs. 
The  apparent  interefls  of  the  feveral 
powers  in  Europe,  as  well  as  the  ex«> 
pcefs  aflli ranees  I  have  received  from 
them,  leave  me  no  room  to  doubt  of 
their  difpofition  topreierve  the  general 
tranquility.  And,  on  my  part,  ycfvt 
may  reft  aflured,  that  every  meauire 
that  is  coniiftent  with  the  honour  of 
my  crown,  and  the  rights  of  ray  fub- 
jefts,  ftiall  be  fteadily  directed  to  that 
mod  falutary  purpofe. 
Gentlemen  of  the  houfeof  Commons^ 
Your  chearfulnefs  in  granting  the 
necelTary  fupplies,  and  your  attention 
to  the  eafe  of  my  good  fubje£ls  in  the 
manner  of  raifing  them,  equally  de* 
mand  my  -acknowledgments.  I  fee, 
with  pleafure,  that  you  have  been 
able  to  profccute  your  plan  for  the  di* 
minution  of  the  national  debt,  without 
laying  any  additional  burthen  upoxi^ 
my  peoplcr 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 
As  the  time  limited  by  law  for  the 
expiration  of  this  parliament  now 
draws  near,  I  have  refolved  forthwith 
to  ifliie  my  proclamation  for  diflblvin^ 
it,  and  for  calling  a  new  parliaments 
But  I  cannot  do  ^his,  without  having' 
flrft  returned  you  my  thanks,  for  the 
many  fignal  proofs  you  have  given  of 
the   moft  a^e&ionate  attachment   to 

way 


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wtnb  be  mat  C^hnti  during  tht  Iqfl  tVar, 

n*fitb  iltfoHo-ufnig'Jrtfcnptioas 


my  pcribo,  ftmllys  wd  goversaieq|,  ti|e 
adl  fiuchfol  Atteation  ro  the  ptiblic  krwkej 
9mi  tkc  moft  earned  xea]  for  thc^tt(cmxi(m 
ei  «pr  cxcdlcDC  otniiitutioo.  'Whta,  b^ 
the  ligoroot  fopport  which  you  ^are  ipe 
Awisf  tiie  war«  1  ji4(l  been  enabled,  iMJ<icr 
1^  DiWne  Pro?idcaccj  to  xcftorc  to  my  peo- 
ple the  ble£sgs  o(  peace,  ^  ycu  continued  to 
oat  yoorfelves,  with  equal  alacrity  and 
fcidifft,  in  purfuing  cTcry  mcalurc  that 
«»itl4  «OBtribcUe  <•  ihe  maintenance  of  the 
p«bli€  iafcty  and  tranquiliiy  j  which  you 
vdl  ■adcclood  coold  ao  otiierwire  be  pre- 
ftn«4  t^AA  ^y  ef^abliihiog,  oa  a  refpe^- 
Uefouadation,  the  fire nj^th,  the  credit,^ and 
tkt  caouKrce  of  the  nation.  The  large Vup- 
jBm  jmt  have  from  time  to  time  grajited, 
a»d  the  wiie  r^nlal'ons  you  hate  made  for 
tbde  iaportaat  purpofei,  will,  I  am  per- 
iaaded,  bz  foood  ta  hare  been  prodn^iae  of 
t^  Bkvft  beoeficiai  confeaaencci. 

la  the  approaching  cledion  of  rcprefentt- 
tlvei.  I  doobc  BO<  but  is|  people  will  .give 
mehdk  proofs  of  their  attachment  to  the 
trae  ioiercft  of  their  country  j  which  Ifliall 
cm  receive  at  the  moft  accepuble  mark  of 
their  zSoG^oa  to  aie«  Th^  welfare  o£  all 
By  fohjeaa  ia  toy  firft  obied.  Nothing 
tberelbre  hafl  ever  given  me  more  real  con- 
ttm  than  to  £?e-aay  of  them,  in  any  past  of 
■y  dominiona,  attemptiog  to  loo£eo  thofe 
hndMfcofifBtntioDalfabordination,  totfTin- 
tU  to  the  welfare  of  the  whole.  Bnt  it  it 
wkh  iich  fatitfadion  that  1  now  fee  them 
»">iiiftB  •»  •  mow  juftfeDfe  of  what  th'^^ 
•wni^ese^  no  lofi  than  their  duty,  i'^ajf- 
rcaMy  repaint  of  them  j  and  therchf  gif. 
in  JK  t^  prof^a  of  continuing  «,  ^^i^ 
•fwan  bappy.  bircaofe  an  united  »tople,** 

After  which  the  lord  chanr^r,  by'  h?t 
ajej't  command,  prorog;^  both  houib 
till  tW  31ft  »ift«nt«  ^ 

'iU^^^^  C« Ho^ A  ?  H  is  ereSiit£  by  Sir 
WiHinm  ©Taper,  ;„  bit  Gardem  -f  Clifton, 
•"    " */  tbt   Uu  i^tb  Jte^iment,    of 


et  Hmmmr  < 


THIS  Cenotaph  ia  facred 
to  the  virtues  and  mcmoriet 
of  thofe  departed  warriors 
of  his  majcf^y's  79th  icrimcnt  J 
by  wko/c  cxcclJcnc  csndud, 
cool  ftlibtrat^  valour, 
ftcaJy  difcioiinc,   and  perfeverance, 
the  fo'midable  and  impetuous  c0brtj| 
of  the  f  reach  lind  (orces  in  India 
were  6rft  withftood  and  rcpulfcd. 
Our  own  feftlem^ti 
refcued  from  impending  deftrudi.009 
Thofe  of  oor  enemies  fi«ally  reduced.    * 
The  ever  mcmcrablc  defence  of  Aladrjt, 

Thedecilive  battle  of  Wanc^^wafh, 

Twelve  ftrong  and  importany  fortrcflTci,  " 

Three  Tuperb  cap'^ajj 

Arcot,  Pondichcrry,  Manilla, 

AndtQePhilipjicinand», 

are  witneffes  of  iheii;  irrc'iftibic  bravery, 

confummate  abihtie?,  unerampled  humanity  t 

Such  were  the  men,  of  ihia  vidtorioui  regiment, 

vd  oy  fuch  as  thcfe, 

Theit  furviving  companions, 

the  coao^^eftg  and  glory  of  our  fovcieign. 

The  reno.wn  and  majefly  of  the  Britifli  empire 

were  emended  to  the  remotcft  parts  of  A (14  : 

Such  were  their  exploits, 

that  woO'd  have  done  honour 

^  Even  to  the  Creek  or  Roman  naine, 

in  the  moft  farourite  timet  of  antiquity  | ' 

and  well  defer ve  to  be  tiaormitted  down 

to  lateft  poderity, 

and  held  in  efieem  and  admiration, 

at  long  as  true  fortitude, 
Valotir,  dtfcipline,  and  humanity 
fliall  have  any  place  . 
in  Britain. 
•#•  Three  field    ofHceii,    ten  capta'as, 
thirteen  lieutenants,  five  enCgns,    three  fu'r- 
geons,    and  ooe-thoufand  private  men,    be- 
longing to  this  reii.T*eat  fell  in  the  courfe  of 
the  late  war. 


POETICAL     ESSAYS. 


^f^H  *^-  Powell  mffear  1-  tbi  cbaraaer 
fKoiaLad,  m  Saturday,  February  tbt  ^tb. 

THALIA,  ever  droll  and  gay, 
Took  aa  odd  whim  the  other  day. 
To  $f  ftnm  moont  Psroaifrto  York, 
rfc  ladyfttp*s  aa  light  9  cork.) 
JtraafB  things  /he*ad  heard  from  madam  Faine, 
^P,>well  a  yanng  fprite  y  dame, 
WW  lately  on  the  flagc  k»d  enter  d, 
«  vham  aocommon  merit  centered, 
;*««f«ore,  ««/he  beatev'n  Dancer  hollow, 
w*  heard  it  vouched  To  by  Apollo.'* 

B«  Mift  Thalia  knew  full  wrU, 
*W  Pane,   wood  fomctimcs  fibl:t»  tell  1 


And  therefore  thonght  'twou'd  be  more  wKc, 

To  truft  to  her  own  ears  and  eyes : 

To  York  Qit  darts  quick  thro*  the  air. 

Settles  her  drefs,  ^afwdtn  hn  hair. 

And  after  having  call'd  a  chair. 

Strait  to  the  mules  temple  goes, 

Where  crowds  of  v/tW  dfcQ  bcHes  and  beans. 

Their  o(T'rir>f8  tender  ac  the  Oirine, 

Of  Phabus  tn6  tie  fifters  ri'>c  ; 

And  where  they  laugh,  char,  curtfey,   bjwr. 

As  wcil-drcft  folks  in  temples  do  t 

Nor  fhouM  we  think  it  (Irange.  that  (he    • 
At  her  o*ra  ftrine  ^ou'd  btrnd  the  krJee, 
For  ever  ficce  the  diy|  of  Adtin>      »         : 
Self  is  the  idol  of  eacii  m^daro. 

U  Tit 


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Ron  perplex  ut« 

on  the  ftige  appear !  ^ 

u  need  not  ftare»  ^ 

vitis  are :—  3 


154  Poetical  Essays 

*Tia  10  th!«  temple,  where  by  prMy» 
Men  learn  the  trueft  orthodox j  § 
To  cleanfe  the  heart  from  vice  and  foHy^ 
And  banifli  heli-fpning  melancholy  ; 
And  where  the  only  penance  koown^ 
(A  peaance  common  we  muft  own, 
lA  temples  of  each  didf*rent  kind) 
Jt  fome  dull  tedious  prieft  to  find. 
Who  from  the  (lage  is  Tore  to  vex  us. 
And  with  Sermtnic  ftoflT  perplex  ut« 

What— priefts  opon 
Yet  madams  nay  yon  nc 
A€taf%  the  mufts  levtut 
And  like  true  priefts  of  all  degreel. 
Poeket  theotTrings  for  the  fees. 

Whenfeated,  •till  the  play  began, 
She  chats,  coquettes,  end  playi  her  ftfl  J 
80  fmart  fo  (enfible  ber  look. 
For  pretty  S— (he  was  miftook 
And  each  pert  beau  or  buck  around  her. 
She  with  her  wit  ftruck  flat  as  flounder  j  • 
For  ^hat  are  beaus  ta  fuch  a  fly  lifs  ? 
Mo  more  than  was  to  Herc'lcs  Hylas.— 
That  night  a«  luck  woo*d  have  it,  Powell, 
Who  like  a  man  can  fttut  or  bow  well. 
The  brccchet  wai  ordain*d  t*  wear. 
And  eke  In  Rofalind  appearj— 
Mer  firft  appearance  when  ftie  made 
Thalia  wiih  amaaement  faid, 
* ««  A  noble  form !— As  I'm  a  finner, 
There*!  fomcthing  devMifti  clcTer  in  her  J 
TaH,  yrell-fliap^d,  handrome,  deboiinair, 
A  fine  complexion,  charming  hair,— 
A  voice  mod  plea fing— and  a  grace. 
That  fpeaki  her  of  no  vulgar  race," 
Attention  all—  flie  lent  an  ear,. 
And  fcuce  refrained  the  falling  tear 
To  fee  poor  Rofaliod's  diflreftt 
What  feeling  boibm  cou'd  do  lefs  ? 
for  tho*  to  mirth  chiefly  inclined, 
Thalia  has  a  feoUng  mind  j  ^ 

And  Powell  with  her  magic  art 
A  fluttring  rais'd  in  miflTs  heart  :— 
«•  Pooh,  pooh,  flie  cry'd,  I  plainly  fee, 
Her  faf'rite  walk  is  tragedy  j 
l*tb  melting  mood  one  io  proficieatji 
In  humour  fure  muft  be  deficient  \ 
To  you,  grave  fifler,  I  lefign 
This  trcafurej— flie  is  wholly  thine*" 

But  when  with  manly  grace  and  moio. 
She  faw  her  vamgate  the  fceoe  \ 
.  With  aU  that  whim  ao<*  fpirit  blaft. 
That  mirthful  Pritchard  e'er  expreft  | 
'k>in*4  to  the  graceful  form  and  eafe 
That  erft  in  Woffiogton  4>id  pka(«| 
She  fmU'd}  (he  laugh'd  ^—flic  cUp'dapuin* 
She  clap*d,  and  rmil'd^and  clap*d  again  } 
Her  fsx  fdrgor,  ibe  even  fwore, 
«  She  ne'er  was  better  pleased  be(bre  j 
Sbakefpear  a  Powell  had  in  view, 
Tm  fure,  when  Rofalind  he  dtew| 
111  hia  mind's  eye  at  leaft  he  iaw  her. 
Or  he  cou'd  ne'er  fi)  truly  draw  ber :— 
View  ber  but  now,  ibe  ihines  confieft 
Like  YoAus  by  the  graces  4r«ft4 


in  March,  1768. 

Again  behold  her,  and  youM  tak« 
My  female  Proteus  for  a  rake  | 
In  fliort,  in  petticoats  or  breocbes, 
WItk  thoufand  charms  flie  ftiH  bewStchei  | 
Voluble,  lively  whimmy,  fmart, 
The  part  fits  her,  (he  Utt  the  pan.**-*— 
And  whe»  the  eptlogoe  was  anded. 
Which  flie  with  rapturous  looks  attcfid«d» 
Shejoin*d  iheuniTerfal  roar,— > 

«  Let  Fame  (flie  cries)  her  wings  cxpan^i 
Like  lightning  fly  thrO*ev*ry  land. 
And  trumps  t  loud  to  all  mankind, 
Powell's  my  fav'rite  Rofalind,*' 

York,  Feb.  7.  K« 

Pox.  TOO  ax   and  Eawa.    J  TV/r. 

itttemfied  In  tbi  Msintr  c/'Ovid. 

«  Hec  metuis  atro  crioitas  angue  fbroreat, 
«  Q»as  facibus  faevis  oculos  atque  orai  pc- 

tentes 
**  Noxea  eorda  vident^  At  to,  dnm  corpora 

non  ct 
*'  Paflus,  nefas  aaifflo  ne  conclpc  ncwi  po« 

tentis 
**  Concubitu  vitlto  naturae  pollxce  fcedisa. 
•<  Vel  puts  s  res  ipfa  vitat !  pia  ilia  meenor- 

que 
"Juris.  Ovid.  Mtr.  Hh,  X, 

BEFORE  Neutona  joins  Rcthinuo  tidw 
Her  fiiver  waves  two  fcrdantmoiutca  di- 
vide ; 
Thefeooca  a  human  name  of  (emblanctt  borej 
Ont  beauteous  Eaoa,  t*otbcr  Polydore.—* 
No  nyanph  more  fair  than  Eaoa    t^od   t&c 

>?lnp> 
Than  Polydore,  there  liv*d  no  comlaar  Cwnia^ 
To  bJrih  dlrine,  with  juftice,  they  alpire^ 
And  hail  Rcthious  river  for  their  fire, 
Fiom  Neptune's  soatery  bed  Rethinus  ro|^ 
For  them  Neutona  ^t  a  mother's  throes^ 
Kor  wu  the  nymph  beataih  Rethinus*  !<»«« 
Sprung  from^  Mormofia  when  compels *d  b] 
jcrra.—^  ^    ^  * 

Neutona,  yet  a  fpcttefs  virgin.  Uvea 
Her  polifli'd  limbs  am)d  Reihiniu  w«wcs  §  - 
Th'eanptur'd  God,  her  lovely  form  Ad«vur*4 
And  foon  tua^ultuous  lose  ber  bofom  f%M*d,  -^ 
Within  his  arms  the  ftraggling  oympla  he  ^on 
To  the  thick  cpvert  of  his  fcdgy.ifaore  |. 
And  there  begat,  whom  pity  muft  bewail^ 
The  haplefs  fubjeds  of  the  following  tale.^ 
When  thrice  r^rre  times  Di^na*a  fiXmmr  Itghi 
Had  btefs'd  and  vamib*d,from  our  morcadfi^i 
'     Netffona,  hippy  in  a  mother's  name^      . 
Ceat'd  Co  lament,  her  injur'd  virgin  Taine  ^ 
With  ibulfelt  joy  (be  view'd  each   iiaUx: 
r«fc,  Ccr«af^^ 

And  faw  their  beaut*  with  their  ye«xa  in 
Alal!  m'flakeo  nymph,  you  little  knew 
Thofe  fatal  charms,  mbft  all  your  hope*  x»xi 
do!  [had  tti 

Scarce  twice  eight  times  this  eartbj^  ba 
its  an&val  ca«rfe  around  the  golden  r«AS), 

Whc 


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Poetical  Essays  »  March,  17$$. 


Wkeft  TcHyitt,  pofleftM  qf  evVy  charm 
That  tnifht  to  love  the  coMeft  boibm  warm, 
Witbgen'rotH  beat  the  htlMj  boar  puffu'd 
(Tcr  the  flecp  mottOC,  %ad  thro*  the  gkomy 


Fat^*4  wkh  to'Iiog  op  the  et»nf  ftcep, 
A  psi  he  fou«4,  that  feem'd  the  cavt  of 

Bcep9 
Where  ivy-Cfvlnes  repe11*4  eadi  rcorchiflgnyf 
Aod  bid  defiaoot  to  the  glare  pf  day.— 
Yet  fiiU  Mhnutcd  gei^lcr  sU^ms  of  light, 
A  Ida  Chan  noootide,    and  a  more  than 

night.— 
There  oa  the  moft  oothinkiogly  be  prers*d 
Whik  peaccfi^  Dumber  luUM  him  into  reft.— 
Q-f]^  jottth !  ill-omen'd  was  the  hour, 
Yea  firft  fiCcover'd  chat  deflruaive  bc«r't  I  — 
lAiaa  there,   a  A>rcereri  moft  fell, 
Skifd  in  each  plant  and  magick  working 

%el|» 
Hdi  her  ahode«--A  fatyi't  lewd  embrace 
Cafe  being  to  this  foe  to  human  race.  — • 
Sbe  when  ihe  firft  beheld  the  lovely  fwain 
Fek  aamcleft  raptorct  glow  thro*  ev*ry  vein, 
Affown  leTs  ftern,  her  haggard  alpeA  wore. 
She  ceaa*d  to  hate,  who  net er  ceas'd  befoie : 
let  if  his  Aeepiog  beaoiics  could  abate 
H«veDoai*d  raocourand  infernal  hate, 
Ki  flfca  difckM'd,  had  aimft  power  to  move 
Hs  nggcd  ibol,  to  foraetbiog  fofc  like  love| 
Eat  lore  ha  fuch  a  bolbm  never  came 
Ajdlbft  tohue  ofurpM  that  facred  name.— 
HiVf^ft  katd  fbai&iog  at  the  horrid  fmile» 
She  ih«saddrafs*d  him  in  her  tend*reft  flile  % 
*  Sajr  beaotOQus  mortal,  if  thou  mortal  art| 
Y«  iore  no  ^rartal  tbut  »flails  my  heart  1 
Say  lively  fbrm>  or  haman,  ik  divine. 
What  lucky  chance  bath  frac*d  this  cave  of 

mine 
Widk  hth  M  go^ft  }  Did  chance  dired^  thy  way 
Whtit  bcver  mortal  foot  prerom*d  to  fiiay  f 
&fUk  tb6ii  lieard  afat  ffdrina^s  fame 
Aa^  in  Ibme  ardnoui  tdik  her  aid  would 

daim  ? 
If  fe*ds  granted  !  name  bat  thy  demands 
And  all  is  granted  that  my  art  cotnmands ! 
Ev'a  toed  viitoe's  laws,  if  you  decree 
T«ft««or  virioe,  (hall  be  dear  co  me, 
AariRthe  Imall  re^oital  that  1  aik 
kilt  It  lover's  rapture-giving  tafc." 
llerpieficT*^  favours  and  her  proflfer*d  love 
Afike  the  youth's  ]aft  indignation  move  j 
Kii  tan  his  gen'roua  foot  fubmit  to  hide 
Hoe  mach  be  bates  the  thooghtt  of  iucb  a 

When  flern  Edrioa  found  her  fait  df  ny*d 
The  place  of  loft  by  vengeance  was  fup)py*d. 
" H-jodghag  wretch,  with  eafe  1  can  compel 
Aaotoal  fUme,  by  ftreogtl^  of  magic  fpell  s 
Ivliom  my  fool  each  tender  thought  I  tear 
A«|  tew  revenge  aisme  inhabiu  there  ! 
1^^  I  Begone  !  delud:d  wretch  (Ihe  cty*d) 
thnit  live  to  wifh  I  had  not  been  deny*d.**— 
fttliid,    and  fpeaking  rais'd  her  pow'rful 
bead,  [wand.— 

Aid  e'er  bit  head  chricf  Ihook  her  ma|»6 


»55 

The  youth  updaoatcd  heard  the  foiy  rave^ 
And  left  with  /corn  hcrperfoaand  her  cave*-* 
But  foon,  with  love  inceiluoai  fir*d,  befooa^ 
Hef   threatened  veageance  was  no   empty 
found.— 

Fair  Eana  anxious  for  her  brother's  Hay, 
Came  to  receive  him  on  hit  homeward  way  | 
When  round  his  neck  ha^iisdred  arau  weia 

thrown,      ^  |[knowa| 

How  chfoVb'd  his  heart  with  wiibes  yet  on- 
No  more  a  bi other's  thouglus  his  foul  p9f» 

fcft'd.  "" 

But  all  the  loter  rag'd  within  his  breaft. 
He  gaz'd,  he  ^h*d,  but  dar*d  not  yet  impart 
The  guilty  wilh  that  rankled  a  his  hearty 
Till  thof^  fond  freedoms  that  a  fifler  claims 
WakM  his  whole  bofom  Into  aQual  fUmu  | 
Then  wild  impatience  mad'ning  cv*ry  vein 
iFrom  ihodd*ring  reafon  fnatch*d  away  the 

rein. 
Not  fo  fair  Sana,  af  Diana  chafte. 
She  flies  his  frenay  with  the  lightning's  haftc 
At  the  fell  hound,  ^he  timid  hare  alums. 
So  did  the  lifter  dread  a  brother's  arms  i 
And  as  in  flight  the  timid  hates  confide, 
Her  quick  wing'dfteps  the  whiftltng  air  divide. 
IVbilc  Polydote,  all  paflion  and  d^air. 
With  equjd  fpeed  purfu'd  the  flying  fair. 
Now  to  the  utmoft  ev'ry  nerve  Is  ftrain'd. 
Now  froa^  their  brows  a  fweaty  torrent  rain'dj 
Now  oa  their  mother's  flow'ry  banks  they 

flood,  [flood— 

'The  nymph's  laft  effort  crots'd  the  cryflat 
She  could  no  more^but  fervently  addre&'d 
The  God,  by  whom  her  mother  was  poftcfa'd-* 
*<  O  Great  Rcthinus !  facred  ftream  (flie  cries) 
If  e'er  Neutona  chaim'd  thy  wond'ring  eyes. 
Save,  fave  thy  daughter  from  the  worft  of  foes. 
Who  yet  no  lofs  of  fpotlefs  honour  knows.'* 
The  parent  ftreapi  accepts  the  fervent  pray'r^ 
Such  honeft  vows  are  never  loft  in  air  t 
Her  iwelling  limbs  an  eatthy  fobflance  grtWi 
Her  changing  ikin  forfakc9  iU  ihowy  hoe. 
Firft  at  her  foet  the  wond'rous  change  begia. 
Then  o'er  her  faultlefs  lin^bs  inceflant  ran, 
Deftroying  charms  no  goddcfscan  forpafs. 
And  ended,  inftant,  in  •  ihapelefs  mafs  j 
Yet  of  her  beauty  ftill  fome  traces  flay 
'Nor  doth  the  fun  a  fairer  hill  forvey.  ■ 

Her  brother's  fliock  was  pi^or'd  in  his  face. 
To  find  a  mountain  (well  in  his  cinbrace. 
All  horror-ftruck  his  hair  ejdfttck  ?ofe, 
While  on  his  tongue  tb'  unflntfli'd  accent 

froze— 
His  am*roos  vows  no  more  his  fifter  hears. 
He  deeply  mourns,  but  what,  aba !  are  tears; 
Wilh  loud  complaints  he  tbse  the  lifteoiog  air. 
And  ftood  the  image  of  the  true  dcfpair  s 
At  length  Rethinot  melted  by  his  woe. 
For  Gods  chemfelves   a   father's  weakocft 

know } 
Diflblv*d  the  emaire  of  f  drina's  hate 
And  madehim  fliarer  in  bis  fifter's  fafek— * 
Yet  ev'n  thus  chaog'd,  as  badge  of  |oirt  ha 

wearl 
A  ruder  farm,  thaa  virtuout  Eaaa  hfirt* 
Ua  0,Ca 


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This  Is  no  ti^e  for  ^gsUog«^wfiea   fOn\t 

UiAire, 
Ca11>  ut  ibr  me^  and  rilattdid  yodrpleaUurtj 
Ai  folbieis  huiry  at  the  beat  of  drum/ 
Beat  but  your  Ii<indi,thacinftant  I  will  come* 

[  U.e  tnten  uJ>9h  tbtir  cUfping* 
This  it  fo  gocf,  to  call  me  dot  fo  (iiM>D— i 
The  rvW-  'r  '/*  by  me  intreati  Akoon^    ^ 
She   r  :i'i  for  Friubard,   hcf  fir^Wltidof 


i$6'  Poetical  Ess  AYS  iVMARtm,  1768. 

P.R  O  t  O  G  U  Ef   /•  Z  T*  N  O  B  I  A, 
^pnUn-hy  Mr,  Ho'L'L/iViD* 

OF^d— wheri  Greece  IB  a  <tctrtining  age 
Of  Uwlefi  pow'i  had  fell  the  ^atb'coui 

rage, 
Thh  wai  the  tyrant'i  art— he  giVc  a  ptije 
To  hita  who  a  View  plcafutt  fhotiU  devyfe. 

Ye  t^ranta  of  the  pit,  whofe  cold  c/nain 
Kcjeifti  and  nau'ciles  the  repealed  yrain  ) 
Who  call  iQt  isr::Ici  to  quicken  i'e/ifc, 
^,  do  you  alwaft  the  reward  d  ,<"penci  ? 
.Ye  bard*—to  whim  Fiench  vti  gives  kind 

relief. 
Are  ye  not  eft  the'firfl—  to  cVy,  pp  thief  I 
Say,— to  a  brother  do  you  o'er  allow  , 
OAe  little  fprig,  onelcaf  to  deck  h<»  brow  ?  ^ 
No.— Fierce  invefiive  fluns  the  play-wright'f 

em,  ^  '  ■ 

tVits  P<>«««  corners,  Ledgen,  G;fzetteeri  1 
•Ti«  faid,  the  Tartar— ere  he  pierce  the  heart, 
lAreribci  hxs  name  upon  his  poifon'd  dait ; 
That  fchemc'i  rejcftcd  by'  each   fcribblin« 

fpark,  [<i»rJc. 

-.Our  chriftiin    fyflem-ft«h«  you  \n    the 

•  And  yet  the  defp'rate  author  of  to-night 
Darcfl  on  the  mufei  wing  another  flight } 
Once   ir.ore  a  dupe    to  fame,  forfake?  hi« 

And  fcrls  th*  ambition  here  again  to  pleafe. 

He  brings  a  IjIc  fTom  a  far  diftant  agp. 
Ennobled  by  the  grave  hiftox.c  page  !  *    .    ^ 
Zenobia'5  wee*  have   touch'd  each   polifh'd 

flate;  [her  fate . 

•Hie  briehr'cft  eyes  of  FraV^ce  have  moura'd 
Patmonious  Italy  her  tribute  paid. 
And  fang  a  dirge  to  her  lamented  fhade. 
,  Yet  iliinlc  not  lh*t  we  mean  to  mock  the 

eye 
"With  pilfer'd  colours  of  a  foreign  dye. 
Not  to  tranflatc  our  bard  hia  pen  doth  dip  3 
He  t^kes  a  play,  as  Britons  take  a  ^ip  i      . 
They  heave  her  down  j— with  many  a  Uurdy 

•  ftrokc, 

ReJ»air  her  well,  and  build  with  heart Of  oak. 
To  cv\-y  breeze  fct  Britain's  flrcame'S  froc. 
UeW-maa  her,   and  away  again  to  fca. 

This  is  our  author's  aim  j  —and  if  his  art 
U^Akcn  to  feniimcnt  the  fctling  heart ; 
If 'in.  his  fcencs  al.ernate  paHi  >ns  burn, 
And     friend/hip,    love,  guilt,    virtue,    take 

their  turn  j  • 
If  innocence  opprefsM  lie  blctdinjj  here, 
YouMl  give — 'lis  all  he  aUu— one   virtuooe 
tear. 

Z  E  N  O  B  I  A 


EPILOGUE    to 

H^rittei  ty  D.  C  AR  R I c  ic ,  f/f. 
Spchn  hy  Mrs.  A b  1  n  g  ton. 
[Sbf  pttps  tbrou'gb  tb<  curtain.  ] 

HOW  do  y-u  al!,  good  folks  ?— In   teara 
for  certain, 
JUl  on'y  take  a  p^ef>  behind  the  curtain  ; 
You're  all  fo  full  of  tragedy  and  f-dnefi  I 
for  me  to  come  amoiig  ye,  y^^M  be  naadneft; 


And  bc^g'd  of  her  to  take  the  ttflc  opon  btr] 
But  ihc, — I'm  lure  you*l|^aIl  be  fbny  for*t, 
Refill's  her  plxc,  and  foon  retires  from  covtt 
To  bear  this  lofs,  we  courtiers  make  a  fluft, 
When  good  fol  Its  lerre  us,  worfemay  have  a  lift, 
The  comic  muje^  whb.'e  ev*ry  fmUe  ii  grace,  1 
Artd  her  flagtjijler,  with  her  tragic  face,    3 
Have  bad  a  quarrel— each  has  writ!  ca(e.  J 
And  on  theli  friends  alfembled  now  I  i^rait, 
To  give  you  of  their  difference  a  tpufate* 
Mttpwiene,  complains  when  (heappean,— 
For  five  good  i£ts,  in  all  her  pomp  of  tears, 
To  raife  your  foujs,  and  with  her  rapture 
wing  e*m  f  wring  'cm 

Ijilay  wet  your  handkerchiefs,  that  you  m^ 
Some  fiippaiit  huffey,  like  myftlf,  cnmes  in 
Crack  goes  her  fan,  and  with  a  giggli^^l  |iil 
Hey!  hrf'o\  ^tf^i /— all  topfy-iurvy  fee. 
For  ho,  be,  ho  !  U  chang'd  to  he,  he,  be  I 
We  own  the  fault,  but  'tis  a  fault  in  vogw 
'T/^  theirs  r  Hubo  caU  and hawl  for — epilogue 
O  !  fhame  upon  you— for  the  time  to  conC] 
Know  bcttcf,  and  go  mir<;rible  home. 
What  fa)i    cjur  cemic  loddefsf^^yf ith  n 

preaches. 
She  vowa  her  Jijier  tragedy  encroaches! 
And,  rpite  of  all  her  virtue  and  ambition^ 
Is  kiiowA  to  h  tve  an  amorous  difpof  tion  s 
For  lu  Faij'e  Jr/icacy— won'drous  fly^ 
Join'd  vnlh  a  certain  IriJbmah^O  fyc  ? 
ihe  made  you,  when  you  ought  to  laugh^ 
to  cry.  ^  £far>other, 

Her  fiftcr's  fmilcs  with  tears  flie  try'd  to 
Raia'd  fuch  a  tragi-comic  kmd  of  pother, 
You   laugh'tl  with  on*  eye,    pvhile  you 
cry'd  with  tV^****  ffcenes! 

What   can  be  done  ?  —fad  work  bchiftd  t 
There  comic  females  fcoH  with  tragic  ^ucei 
Each  party  diflferen?  ways  the  foe  afTails, 
Tliefe  Aake  their  daggers,  thofe  prepaie  th 

^nails. 
*Tnyou  ^lone  mnf(  calm  ihefe  dire  miihap 
Or  we  (hdll  Hill  continue  pulling  caps. 
What  is  your  wili  ?— I  read  it  in  your  faces; 
That  all  hereaftcrtake  their  proper  placet. 
Shake  bands,  and  kifs,  and  friends,  and— 
bum  their  cafes. 

The  firtunafe  Pig  at  Mount    E--«»    *• 
Friends  at  Tuobridgc.    (iw^.  I  CO.) 

«  1^  BAD  pigt  have  cunning,*  proverbs 
JL/  And  fo  (ogoetimes  the  livts^  «ay, 
Tnftead  of  rooting  under  ground*  - 
Above  it,  better  luck  I've  fooad 

Ambit 


P  7adtus  /inn,  Lib.  Ijt,  Se0*  44^  it  trJ  of  ^u 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Poetical  Essays  h  March,  1768 


I  to  attend  the  frcat, 
1 «  a  BoUc  ir-*d  tv9Qld  waic ; 
Awi  when  be  took  hit  flooratog's  ride^ 
Gailof  4I  « h reqotouf  hjh'xM  i4c : 
If 7  lokwd  bomagi  maiir  bim  rpeft« 
And  higUf  1*ir  xewardad  fdr't. 
He  took  fist  from  tkc  boinely  Bj, 
Ami  ^oitc  A  favoofite  grown  am  J. 
What  «ood«r  tixa^  myL— 7*t  cbarn^t 
Shadd  »»'^n*^  hia  L         p't  arms  *  f 
Wkat  woadcr  that  his  ancient  cieft  -f, 
nea»*4  to  be  pamperM  and  cared, 
lho>li  icom  thst  IUtion»  fam'd  pf  joie^ 
A  Imof  p({9  a  cfcft  no  more  ? 
At  Bcdi,  when  by  his  fide  I  ftand* 
iad  by  hii  own  or  L*y*s  band, 
M;  cranted  thanks  are  kindly  takeq* 
fi«  I  pw  fait,  yet  (avc  my  bacon. , 

CUPJD^ 

P&OLOCUE  f«  THE  ABSENT  MAN  j 
Jfrktem  iy  the  Jmthor  of  tbi  Fsrct, 

EXi,  cvtaxn  dca#s  op,  lift  a  little  to  met 
Arc  you  aU  in  a  very  good  humour  ?— > 
Let*s  iee.  \}t% 

Caod-homoor  yoa  have,howe*eryoa  came  by 
And  I'm  glad  to  my  foal^ibr  by  Jove  we  ihall 

try  it. 
Oar  farce  ia  fo  very  a  farce^  Vm  in  doobt 
li  ihe  pit  and  the  boxes  will  (n^r  it  oot  $ 
Btf  when  were  in  danger  iof  fucb  a  miiiap, 
1^  deir  friends  abote  drown  their  hifs  in  a 

clap; 
Aad  if  yoo  are  pleased  with  onr  farcical  man, 
la  fpite  of  their  airs,  laogh  as  load  as  yoo  can. 


»57 

To  gift  yon  a  flteich  now,  by  way  of  por- 
tisying  I  flaying  j 

Hi»'cb'r«^ler*s  this—- pray  obferve  what  I  m 
An  odd  kind  of  wbim6cal,  bhioderiog  being. 
Who  h4S  csrt  withcMtt  heariog,   and   eyes 
without  feeing ;  fright  x 

Taket  things  by  all  handles  except  by  the 
Afk  a  qucftion  in  black,  he  aofwers  in  «hlte  { 
Yes  ii*p  no,  so  for  yes,  -coofuics,  miflakci; 
AU  he  does  lb  Hke.dreaming,  you*d  tbtok  be 

ne  er.  wakes, 
Suppofe  to  backgaoVBon  my  gentleman  falls,^ 
Bvx  aod  dice  in  his  hand,  for  ibme  water  he 

calls, 
*Tis  brought  in  a  tumbler,  when  pop  in  a  trice 
He  throws  out  the  Uqaor,  and  fwallows  the 
dice.  [cater, 

H^rd  fet  are  poor  bards  for  you  p]eafure»  to 
And  thus  one  provides  for  you  from  the  Spec- 
tor,  [and  nine. 
From  Volome  tbe  firft,  page  three  htiodreA 
Number  feventy-feven,  be  takes  hit  defiga  s  * 
Let  that  be  his  fsodion  for  all  yoo  bch<dd  -* 
Can  the  figure  be  bad  from  fo  perfed  a. mold? 
*Tts  polift^d  and  y,atjpi/h'd  as  well  as  he*i  able. 
And  he  hopes  you*ll  find  foaACthing  like  con- 
duft  and  fable  \  [^iog. 
Yet  flili  this  curfl  abfence— In  (hort  here's  the 
If  the  chara£lej  hits,  thence  his  actions  all 

fpting; 
And  nought  will  difguft  you,  and  nought  will 
alarm  you,  charm  yon  i 

You'll  tafte  every  ^oke,  and  h|s  bhindcrs  will 
If  not — faith  we're  ail  in  a  terrible  fright. 
So  begging  for  mercy,  1  wi£b  you  good  night* 


Am  IMPARTIAL  REVIEWef  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


ARTICLE     I. 
p/OEMfS    hw   Mr.   Gray,     I'w.    8v». 
^     Dodfley. 

This  it  little,  if  any  thing,  more  than  a 
new  edition  of  thofe  very  entertaining  pro- 
dodioos  with  which  tbe  elegant  Mr.  Gray 
kit  already  obi  ged  the  world,  and  which 
^  ie  well  known  to  all  the  readers  of  tafle 
H  thiicooniry. 

II.  ^im  ^cc'jUMi  of  tbt  Mamntrt  anJ  Cmjlomi 
if  Italy,  w/V^  Obftr^Mtioni  tn  tbe  Miflaket  of 
jmt  Tr0^ltrs  VHtb  rtga  rd  to  tbat  Country,  By 
joiirph  Baretti,  a  vol  S«^.     Danes. 

This  is  a  very  entertaioiog  work,  aod 
piiated  parricalarly  to  give  the  Erig|i(h  a 
lipa  idea  ci  Italy,  which  has  hitherto  been 
ideally  mifreprefcnted  by  our  travel  writers, 

tliiy  none  h>  notoriouOy  as  a  medical  gen- 
lao  who  lately  n\<>6e  a  tour  to  that  couo*- 
hj\  Signior  Barerti  refutes  him  in  number* 
kja  lAfiAocct  even  from  his  own  accounts, 
ipl  trufb  his  caoTe  entirely  to  the  common 
ffik  of  ^i*  reader  -  But  to  give  a  fpecimen 
af  Sigmer  Baretti*t  reafoning  and  ftile,  we 
A^  give  the  public  aoeitiaft^from  hU  ob« 

*  Thru  Usn  b€sd$  (Cftf 


fervatioos  on  Mr.  Sharp's  account  of  the  Ita- 
lian Cici(beos,  or  in  other  words  the  univer- 
fal  flate  of  adultery  in  which  Mr.  S^arp  tells 
us  the  ladiet  of  Italy  live,  as  it  fo-.ttk  one  of 
the  rroft  capital  objeAions  to  their  national 
charaAer. 

•*  I  (hoold  certainly  have  been  furprized 
at  the  temerity  cf  thefe  remarks,  if  I  had 
not  been  made  acquainted  with  the  manner 
by  which  Mr.  Sharp  came  by  his  information. 
Ac  Naples,  it  feemr,  he  got  a  very  fine  fel- 
low for  a  temporary  fervant,  whofe  name 
was  Antonio.  A  true  temporary  fervant  fit 
for  any  Engltfhman  on  his  travels. 

This  Antonio,  who,  by  what  T  hsvn 
heard  of  him,  piques  himfelf  much  upon  hia 
good  education,  upon  his  extenfive  know- 
ledge of  men  and  manners,  and  upon  hia 
having  written  comedies,  u  he  fays,  full  aa 
good  as  Goldoni's,  was  the  chief  oracle  coo- 
fulted  by  his  good  mafler  about  the  cuftoms 
and  manners  of  Italy. 

Mr.  Sharp  enjoyed,  as  I  faid,  very  littlf 
health  all  the  time  be  was  at  Naples  where 
be  wrote  the  greateft  part  of  the  above  ri- 
baldry 
•^  f  Ah9§Ffaffm. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I5« 


BarettiV  Remarks  on  3Harp. 


Mjircll 


M^  «b0Bt  bvAioA,  wivefy  tad  clcifbfo'i. 
At  be  knew  no  vativc  U»ere»  and  feldom 
ftw  an^  ef  his  coimtf7incliy  the  clever  Aoto- 
aio  wat  almoft  the  only  pcrfon,  befidet  hit 
{vm\y,  that  be  cwild  conveHe  with.  With 
AMonio  therefore  he  nfed  to  dofet  orer 
liifhty  and  hold  a  private  conference  of /ome 
hours.  When  the  cooferesce  wat  over, 
AbCobio  went  down  to'  the  kitchen,  and 
thcve  entertatncd  his  fellow-  fervAiiti  wiih  the 
•ccosnt  of  the  hook  that  hb  mt^tr  wat  com- 
^oiifig  wi  h  hit  affi{fance.  '*  How?  A  book 
^th  your  ajffiftance  ?"  *'  Yet  upon  my  ho- 
Aoor,  replies  Ancooio ;  and  my  mafter  liAent 
ea^rly  to  whit  1  tell  him  of  our  loidi  and 
ladies  \  and  holdt  hit  quill  in  hit  fingers,  and 
fofptndi  my  talk  evtry  miMii^,  that  he  mty 
Ihakc  mcmorasdamt  of  every  particular  1  re- 
late :  hu'  be  fore  X  tell  hSm  nothing  that  it 
dliftoDcurable  to  oor  coontry,  at  I  am^  yon 
iww*,  always  tn  Itxtian  tn  my  heart  •/* 
'  Out  ef  thofe  noble  memortndomi  it  is 
Tery  probable  that  Mr.  Sharp  formed  his  iii- 
•eraiy  tetters,  nat  entertaining  (he  leaft  doubt 
abcmC  ibe  abilities  and  veracity  or  hit  valet 
de> place;  and  thus  wa«  he  led  into  an  im- 
aoeofe  ebaot  of  incanfidency  and  abAirdity 
trtU  defetvingi  to  be  en pofcd,  u  it  it  by  no 
tneans  pardonable  in  a  man  of  hit  age»  of  hil 
4^*nB.tTp  and^  of  hi 9  ktfowted|e. 
.  Thac  Mr.  Sharp  had  at  Naples  this  Anto- 
Uto  far  a  fervant,  I  am  fare  he  will  not  denyt 
hod  he  win  not  deny  neither,  that  he  ufed  to 
tiofft  often  with  him,  hit  quill  in  h's  hand 
IcwIbiDehoiMt,  taking  down  memorandumt 
4f  tsbat  the  feHow  tfat  pleafed  to  tell  hxim 
Mr*  Sharp  will  pcrhapt  deny  hit  having  got 
the  chief  things  he  hat  faid  abeut  cicilbeo't 
I  Antonio,  though  he  held  hit  pen  while 
f  prittlnd  a^ay  in  their  nightly  tete- 
n-tetet.  Bat  how  will  Mr.  Shaip  be  able 
to  <onrvtc<e  any  fei>fibte  man«  that  he  had 
fiotvk  higher  people  than  Antonio,  the  unna- 
twral  and  impofiibie  thingt  he  hat  toid  in  the 
pafl&fet  ^tfoted  above  from  his  book?  Now 
will  he  be  able  to  perfoade,  that  there  is  t 
\ift  track  of  land  in  a  chtiftian  country, 
where  Ibme  homiied  lheu(aodt  of  hu (bands 
ore  SBoQ  regularly  and  moft  inf«moufly 
wronged  Ey  their  wives  immediately  afrer 
marriage?  That  thit  it  a  ftfhioa?  That 
thofe  bnfba&ds  know  for  certain  they  are 
thos  treated,  and  yet  put  up  with  it  moft 
uncooccrnedly,  and  with  a  perfed  acquief- 
cence,  only  withdr^<»»ing  their  iirftf/^v*  from 
their  wives,  and  thtir  far entaltenJirnefsf torn 
thc'tr  children,  eentmuing  however  to  iivt 
vlth  them  onder  the  fame  roof? 

Kutbandt  and  wives  in  Italy  nCeno  Ikparate 
^eds,  not  even  in  tine  hotteft  months :  this 
ia  a  notorioos  fu&.    How  then  can  any  rea* 

•  tf%at  Antonio  tad  oetajion  to  te!!  afttn  to  Imi  felhto-jrrttanit  at  Napla%  btfruhf  tt^ 
"^0  im  Kngtand,     J  nenttr  fano  bim  t^  thii  day,  (iffohrr  1 6,    1767  (    but  tit  ajfrmathms  €ai 
Jmw  motuht  ago  to  my  inottk^gr,  at  writ  as  to  that  of  aJmofi  all  tbi  ItalioMt  now  h  London* 
'jhftrio,  i  hear,  it  hat  faitlj  tome  from  Italy  'with  t  tuw  E»ilijh  majitr, 

4  .  fc 


fonable  perfon  be  broaght  to  hctieve^  Chit 
all  the  haihandt  of  a  large  counun  or  thofe 
of  the  better  (bit  onU^  (if  Mr.  Sharp  vriH 
have  it*  fo)  are  fo  utterly  ittfenlible  to  hokioor* 
as  to  receive  to  their  beds  thr  warm  harlot* 
joft  come  from  the  cafinie  towards  morning  f 
And  how  can  he  make  any  one  believe,  that 
ibme  hundred  thoiifandt  of  wives  become  d| 
harlott  immedittely  tfrer  having  quitted  th^ 
alttr  ?  A*^d  that  thit  happcnt  id  a  country » 
according  to  hit  own  tccouht,  overwheliiiei 
with  bigotry  and  fuperftirion,  which  impHet 
an  exuberance  of  religion?  And  that  thii 
h^ppsna  in  a  country,  where  women  (ftilt 
according  lo  hit  own  tccouoi)  tre  all  Attt 
early  in  convenes,  where  it  it  to  be  fuppofed 
that  religion  it  the  chief  Ingredient  in  their 
education  .*  What  ?  No  religion  in  wot^rtt 
who  have  been  taught  almoft  nothing  ii(c 
ftom  their  childhood  to  the  yean  of  mttri* 
monial  maturity  ?  No  fear,  no  ihsme^  nm 
modeffy,  no  continence  in  that  part  of  tnan* 
kind,  which  nature  hu  erginally  madrfear- 
ful,  flftnlet'ul,  modeii,  and  continent?  AbA 
then  no  ]ffi  ;v(y»  ro  anger,  not  the  leall  re- 
fencment  tn  men,  ntadeorigtntlly  by  natvrw 
fo  proud,  fo  irarc;ble,  fo  impetuoot  ?  Ha! 
Nothing  but  «n  in  amou^profiicutioQ  on  due 
fide,  and  nothing  but  a  perfe£t  apathy' on  ch^ 
other?  And  this  in  a  country  famed  for  tho 
qtiick  temper  and  hot  imagination  of  itt  is- 
habitants?  And  Mr.  Sh'rp  will  have  it  m 
pbtaom^rton  newrfeen  tbore.  that  of  a  huiband 
and  wife  (hewing  themfdvra  togethei'  in 
public?  A«)d  ihit  Slicked  wiv*  swill  think 
thenifetves  di (honoured  by  keeping  company 
with  good  wives  ?  If  this  i^  not  aH  Antonio*s, 
whofe  Aoff  can  it  be  ? 

But  pray,  good  Mr.  Sharp,  U  this  the* 
true  courfe  and  general  progress  of  nature  ? 
Or  are  the  meii  and  women  in  Italy  or  a 
different  fpec  et  from  thofe  of  other  coun- 
tries ?  Vou  may  anfwer  in  a  fober  hour,  that 
nature  is  pretty  uniform  every  where,  and 
that  the  Italian  men  and  woAien  are  joft 
fuch  creatures  at  the  men  and  women  of 
other  countries.  But  if  they  arc,  of  the 
fame  fpccies,  how  do  they  come  to  aCt  lb 
'  diametrically  oppofite  to  all  the  men  and 
tromen  of  all  other  countries  in  marriage  % 
that  is,  in  the  moft  critical  bufinefs  of  life  ? 
In  a  hafiners,  which  interefts  the  geiierality 
of  human  beings  infinitely  more  than  any 
other?  You  anfwer  again,  that  r'r  iV /5e V/i - 
mate  which  makes  all  Italian  luthands  fickle  s 
and  d6  you  not  fee,  my  B'itiQi  pbilofophcr, 
that  you  attribute  to  the  climate  a  power  of 
making  fo  many  automatons  of  human  heiogt^ 
ind  that  you  ate  abford  beyond  abfhrdity  m 
faying  fo?  That  Antonio  himfislf  would 
bluih  with  ihame,  if  he  wu  accofed  of  heifig 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^^v 


True  PiSuTA  iff  /i^.Italians. 


it  fipftil  1  r^^oer  on  Iramto  natarc  ?  Bat 
i£tki  diattc  miket  fo  paaoy  auioroatons  o£ 
tkIia]iM<»  si^  i<^  ^^i"  aifiB^iofif  and  ac- 
liMiaK  ta  the  power  of  the  climaie,  and 
MC  ia  tbetff  o«|iy  to  wh^c  «fid  do  )ou  tepre- 
tet  ;hca  m  moft  tbomiatbly  wicked^  and 
Miovtor^  wi:h  ail  yitur  mighr»  to  ratfe  an 
ahkvvwM  ^^  ^^'n  ^°  T^ur  roAiotrymev  ? 
Taen^iht  aa  well  have  endeavoured  to  xta- 
teodioot  to  them  aU  thoie  pecvliar  pfoduc- 
MM«f  Italy*  which  owe  their  eaiAence  to 
cbat  dimatc.  1  can  allow,  without  a>7 
ptt  diftcultyy  that  the  generality  ot  the  la- 
6t»  io  £oglaod  behave  with  more  rtXervc 
aad  drcMB^Aion  .than  thoie  of  Ii«ly  j  an4 
loaeafiJybe  brooght  to  believe,  th«c  nei- 
tkf  the  opera  nor  4he  play,  neither  Ranelagh 
wVamhaUy  neither  AlmackU  nor  sMdaxn 
C«naiy*t,  can  taint,  in  the  kaft,  v^e  puntp 
if  Efl^iib  fcaalc  virtue,  and  throw  aoy  lady 
af  bcr  smrd.  1  will  even  allow,  that  Ve- 
ake  10  partkular  is  a  town  infinitely  mort 
campkd  in,  point  of  chaftity  than  London 
idcif}  and  that  in  Venice,  aa  well  aa  in  a 
k9  other  capital  towns  in  Italy,  there  are 
fcae  women  of  rank,  who  have  forfeited  all 
cUia  to  the  title  of  virtuous  by  their  uncon- 


'59 


is  fUll  woift,  the  Italian  ladici,  he  moft  give 
me  leave  to  tell  htm,  that  ho  vomits  flandet 
all  the  time  he  thinks  himfelf  fpeakiog  ora» 
cles  {  for  in  the  cortvpted  city  ^  Vetike  k* 
felf,  there  are  very  many  ladies  poAefied  of 
the  moft  exalted  virtue.  It  ia  tme  that  thcf 
are  not  commonly  known  to  the  Engliii 
Cravelltrt :  but  was  Mr.  Sharp  by,  I  c9oU 
name  to  him  fome  of  the  beft  female  bcinga 
that  ever  adorned  his  coontry,  whom  I  roy- 
fell  brought  acquainted  with  fome  Venetiaa 
ladies,  who  certainly  gave  them  no  reaSsa 
to  be  aihamed  of  th^  acquaintance. 

And  how  could  then  Mr.  Sharp  affirm^ 
without  taking  fliamt  to  himfelf,  (hac  no 
Italian  parent  loves  hii  children,  when  I  am 
fore  he  has  feen  iz>nnmerable  times  ianome- 
rable  Italian  fathers  aod  mothers  handing 
about  their  little  one«,  prettily  dreded  ia  va« 
rioui  fanciful  wayi,  and  (een  them  «frencr 
than  in  any  other  part  he  ever  vifited?  Bar- 
net  fays,  thi^t  the  ItaJittnt  have  m  f>afi9U  for 
their  fgmlits^  whick  i#  mH  knwwm  im  tbtr 
platn^  and  hit  obfervatipn  is  certainly  jad,  at 
in  tbe  corroated  city  of  Venice  if^lf  the 
jraver  fort  of  pedple  often  find  fault  with 
the  general  fondnefa  of  parentf,  even  thofe 


caleddebaocheri.     But  »hilc  I  allow  this     of  the  higheft  quality,   bccaufe  they  take  to* 


Mr.  Sharp  ntuft  Ukewife  allow  me,  that  the 
ypn  of  thofc  towaa  in  Italy,  who  have 
tcatotd  tfaemfelvcs  infamous  i*  the  e^e  of 
misg  and  of  rdig^n,  may  cafily  be  named 
ia  crecy  one  «f  tbofe  towni :  and  the  eafy 
nubility  of  namii^  them  implie*,  that 
ibcircUrs  IS  not  v«ry  nnpierous.  Mr.  Sharp 
aal  allow  me  farther,  that  the  number  of 
tkhdies  «tho  keep  their  chara^er  unftained, 
ii  lb  large,  aa  to  render  hia  general  accufa- 
tiom  8  vile  heap  of  calumnici.  Add  to  this, 
tint  whatever  the  manners  may  be  of  a  few 
hiits  (or  of  many,  if  Mr.  Sharp  will  have  it 
L)  ia  a  few  of  the  larse  towns  of  Italy,  yet 
tbe  ladies  in  t^e  fmall  towns  all  oyer  the 
cavscry  are  neither  better  nor  worf<-  than 
tbofe  of  the  fmall  towns  sH  over  Europe, 
•hoe  the  want  of  fiof*tl  opportunities  tbe 
iaffcqocAcy  of  bad  example,  the  fear  of  idle 
tosfocs,  the  facility  of  dcte£lion,  together 
«itb  other,  motives  of  a  hieher  nature, 
aiuch  opeiate  more  In  fmall  than  in  laige 
^bcci^  keep  women  in  very  good  order. 

Had  Mr.  Sharp  been  able  to  make  fuch 
itfleftioos  he  woUld  certainly  have  been 
i«af%  that  the  chara^er  of  a  numcroua  na- 
tuft  does  not  depend  on  a  few  individuals 
^cred  aboot  half  a  dozen  Urge  towna  ^  but 
tbt  it  d^ends  on  the  many  mUltooi  con- 
tiiacd^n  two  or  three  hundted  fmitl  oner, 
ni  to  their  territories.  Had  Mr.  Sbaip  (aid, 
that  fuch  a  gintildonna  io  Venice,  and  fuch  a 
ffiniftjfa  io  Naples  are  unlverfaUy  pointed 
sot  fdf  their  imm')ral  conduit,  1  might 
faiJciy  have  agreed  with  him.  But  when 
Mr,  Sharp  makc9  ufe  of  collc^ve  terms  \ 
s^  he  fiys  tU  ytn9tiM  Udiet,  the  Nuipo' 
^  isJteSf  fht  PUrittUPi  iadies,    and,   what 


much  delight  in  leading  their  6o/t  aod  guia 
aboo:  St.  Mark's  fquare,  dreiTed  like  h«0art 
and  fuitana's,  or  like  little  (hepherdt  and 
ihephcrdelles,  and  carrying  them  themieteea 
from  honfe  to  houfe.  The  reproaches  that 
onr  numerous  fond  parents  often  hear  opoA 
this  article,  are  juftly  grounded  oai  the  dan» 
ger  of  making  thnfe  boys  and  gt:la  too  ear^ 
in  love  with  ihow  and  parade,  with  dreCi  and 
vanity.  And  how  could  Mr.  Sharp  fay  that 
the  pleafureuf  maiden  innocence  and  ip.ight* 
linefs  is  uttierly  unknown,  or  negle£tcd,  in 
Italy  ?  Did  he  not  fee  that  this  affirmation  is 
incompatible  with  nature,  at  it  impl>es  a  de* 
gree  of  brutality  in  a  nation,  whofe  ptedomv* 
nant  chancer  according  to  his  own  and  all 
travelivrs  account^  is  love  and  fenfibility  of 
heart  ?  And  how  could  he  fay,  that. young 
folics  in  Italy  fee  one  another  bat  once. or 
twice  before  the  celebration  of  their  maf- 
riagei,  when  in  Venice  itfetf  it  is  a  general 
cuHom,  even  among  the  chief  nobility,  to 
delay  intended  nuptials  many  months,  and 
fometimea  a  whole  year,  that  tbe  young  com- 
pie  may  conceive  an  affection  for  one  another? 
Tuft  a  little  before  Mr.  Sharp*s  arrival  ia 
Venice,  an  intended  marriage  was  fuddenly 
bioke  between  a  young  lady  of  the  Barbari- 
go's,  and  the  eldeft  Ton  of  the  Procuratorefla 
Zen,  (two  of  the  greateft  farailits  there) 
though  the  parties  had  been  bstrothnd  a  full 
.twelvemonth,  though  all  tbe  wedding' prepa- 
ratio'is  were  made,  and  though  the  very  ep?- 
Ibalamium  was  printed  and  ready  for  publi* 
cation :  and  this  happened  for  no  othf  r  reafon 
but  becaufe  thjL  bride  took  a  difj^oA  to  the 
youMg  m^n  for  his  negle^ing  ro  court  hcc 
with  Uie  ufual  datly  regulatity.     Thcfe,  Mr. 

Sharpy 


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i6o 


S  W  I  F  T'S     LETTERS       Mardi 


Shirp^  tbeft  are  the  c|i0oms  in  Venice  with 
refped  to  marriftgei  $  and  aamagei  in  all 
ochtr  towns  of  Italy  are  conCraded  jnft  as 
tbey  are  in  ^1  other  chrifHan  countries.  The 
|reat  generally  marry  for  the  fake  of  alLtalice 
or  inreteft,  wtthouc  much  confolting  incli- 
nation i  and  the  little  do  u  well  at  they  can, 
exactly  as  people  do  in  England  ^  nor  is  it 
true,  at  Mr.  Sharp  affiims,  that  we  put  til 
our  girls  io  convents^  and  kee^  them  there 
until  they  marryy  at  I  ihall  prove  in  another 
plsce.  For  ihame  then.  Sir,  thas  to  roif- 
take  for  indifpucable  fads  all  the  nonfenfe 
^nd  waggery  of  your  temporary  footman  in 
Naples !  It  was  your  clever  Aritoniot  without 
•ny  doubt,  who  made  yon  write  down  in  one 
page,  that  the  NtrnpoUtsnt  never  dine  tegetber, 
•Bd  thai  there  it  no  fneh  cufiem  eu  to  invite 
eaeh  other  to  dinner ^  then  in  another  page, 
that  nt  NmpUi  vshenjon  invite  five  ladies  to 
dinner,  yatr  mufl  lay  ten  plates  of  ceur/e,  hecaufe 
each  of  them  hringt  her  adsheo  with  btr. 
How  could  you  be  &  dull  aa  not  to  fee,  that 
Antonio  led  yoo  bereintoa  f!atoontradidion  f 
And  how  coald  you  fuffer  yourfelf  to  be 
plunged  by  him  into  an  ocean  of  nonfenfe, 
•ad  fet  opon  paper  the  dory  of  the  three  ci- 
ciibeo*s  at  Florence,  the  fubftantkl,  th«  dig- 
nified, and  the  fanpicker  ?  Yon  meant  with 
your  book  to  make  the  Italians  a/hamcd  of 
their  country  {  but  I  am  much  more  aflianr.'d 
of  yoo.  Sir,  who  could  fwaltow  foch  Dories, 
and  yet  walk  upon  lw»  legs  aswell  as  any  of 
them. 

III.  The  frfl  Miofnres  ntcrffary  to  be  taken 
in  the  Amer;can  Department,  %to,  ii,  6d, 
NicoL 

This  writer  argues,  and  juOly  enough, 
jigiinll  the  imprapiiety  of  appointing  military 
,  governors  over  trading  colonief,  and  thinks 
that  men  of  commercial  knowledge  would  be 
mqch  more  eligible  for  the  purpofet  of  the 
public^- We  think  fo  too,  but  are  apprchen- 
five  that,  the  matter  will  not  be  feen  in  the 
ftmc  lie^^  for  obvious  reafoni  to  the  miniffry . 

IV.  Travels  into  Germany^  &c,  %  vols, 
tvo.    DiMy. 

This  entertaining  work  it  written  by  Dr. 
■Nugent,  end  it  well  woctb  the  perufal  of  the 
pnblic-^*Tis  written  in  the  epiAolary  manner, 
iind  contains,  partk  larly,  a  minute  account 
4>f  the  two  Mecklenborgt,  Screlitc,  and 
ySchewrin,  wfiere  the  author,  who  hat 
written  a  hifiofy  of  thofe  coontries^  was  re- 
ceived with  .very  great  difttnAion,  and  had, 
^rom  hit  intimacy  with  the  greattft  people 
of  both,  frequent  opportunities  of  knowing 
carery  thing  relative  to  their  geniut,  charac- 
ter, and  (toverfvmcht. 

V.  Modern  Cboftity  5  «r,  the  agresahle  Rape. 
A  Poan,  .'to.  is.  (>d.    Durham. 

This  is  an  attack  upon  the  young  woman 
who  is  now  profecuting  a  noble  lord  it)T  a 
rape,  and  whofe  (^oiy  of*  that  rcmaik^Me 
tranfaOion,  is  now  hot  a  little  doubfctl  by 
the  imeltigcnt  part  of  the  pablic. 


VI.  Animadverfonn  on  Mr.  Colman*t  7/«o 
State^  with  fome  Remarks  on  hie  Uttie  ftrhen     \ 
Piece,  called,  The  Oxonian  io  Town.  Dpdfley, 

If  thefe  animadverfions  are  not  veqp  joll^ 
they  are  at  leaft  very  fmart,  atid  Teem  cte 
produd  of  a  pen  rather  ^bove  the  comaiom      \ 
tank  cf  literary  foarlers. 

•VII.  The  Gentleman* s  DireBorji   9^,  every 
Man  his  own  Draper,  &Ck  By  Martin  Moehe,      , 
Tayto",  of  the  Fleet-Prifon,  %vo,  11.  6</. 

Thit  it  a  fort  of  direQoiy  by  which  gentle- 
men may  make  up  their  doathes  for  much 
Jefs  than  the  common  prices  |  *tis  written  hf 
•  poor  foreigner,  confined  in  the  Ffeer-priibn»  • 
who  follicitt  for  the  tompafiion  of  the  puUio, 
•nd  whom  with  all  our  hearts  we  xecommciid 
to  its  humanity. 

VIII.  The  Ring  a  Foem,  addrejed  ^  Mrs. 
L        m,  4/s.  1*.     Wilkie, 

A  vile  compofition  of  dulnefs  and  obfcenit/. 

IX.  Letters  vrritten  by  the  late  JdoathaH 
Swift,  D.  D.  DeanoJSK.  Patrick't,  Doblin— 
and  feverul  of  his  Friends,  from  the  Tear  lyzO^ 
to  the  Tear  i  ] J^t-.^pisbliik  from  the  €irigiaa/s, 
cotleffed  and  revifed  iyhtMnn  Swift,  Efp  ^ 
Goodrich  in  Hcrefordftire,  %  voh,  4/9.  haits£ 
the  3</  and  ^b,     Bathorft. 

Though  there  muft  be  a  tboofand  tpSUn^ 
things  in  letters  between  Intimate  friexada 
which  were  never,  at  the  time  of  their  be- 
ing writteft,  intended  for  publication,  ftill 
the  very  triilesof  fuch  a  genius  as  Swift 
mod  be  matteirt  of  coriofity,  fince,  in  the  an- 
guarded  naomeOtt  of  the  heart,  a  great  man*« 
cbaraifter  is  much  more  eafily  marked,  thaa 
when  he  car  el  oily  and  labor  ioufly  comma  ni- 
catet  hi9  opinions  to  the  pubIfc«-For  theGs 
reafont  we  think  tbefe  additional  volumes  to 
the  letters  of  Swift  and  hit  friends  a  valuable 
acquifitioo  to  the  public  efpecially  as  they 
are  interfperfed  with  numberlefs  anecdbteo  vf 
illuftrious  n-.en,  whofe  "minuter  a^ons  a^e, 
wholly  at  leaft,  genewlly  unnoticed  by  hif- 
tory— we  have  already  given  forae  detached 
fpvdmens  from  thefe  letters,  but  as  oar  »*- 
view  is  peculiarly  undertaken  to  give  an  nc- 
cnunt  of  bocks,  it  would  look  like  a  flight  to' 
the  name  of  Swift  if  we  did  not  regifter  *it 
in  our  literary  department-^we  therefore 
give  the  following  extrad  from  the  third 
volume,  about  the  time  Queen  Anne's  f^xnoue 
peace  was  in  agitation,  to  (hew  what  very 
little  things  the  greattft  miniftert  appear 
when  they  dread  a  removal  from  theif  ofiflces* 

•'  The  elector  of  Hanover's  minifter  h^e 
has  given  in  a  violent  memorial  againft  the 
peace,  and  caufed  it  to  be  printed.  Xh« 
Whig  lord*  aje  doing  their  utmoft  for  a  nrn- 
jority  agamft  Friday,  and  defign,  if  they  can, 
to  sddrefs  the  queen  againft  the  peace.  Loo^ 
Nottingham)  a  famous  Tory  and  fpeech  maker^ 
it  gone  over  to  the  Whig  fide :  they  tomft 
him  dai!y,  and  Lord  Wharton  fayf,  \i  it  Dif- 
mal  (fo  they  call  hirp  from  his  looks)  will 
fave  England  at  lad.  Lord  treafurer  wae 
hinling  a^  if  he  wifted  a  UiUad  was  made  t>ii 

Mm, 


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tySs, 


Part  y-I  m  r  r  !  o  c  b  s." 


iSt 


YdsOf  and  I  wtll  get  up  od^  sgaloft  to*mor- 
rov.  He  ftfc  me  a  kurnloui  prioted  paper 
of  bxd  rertes  on  btnfelf,  under  the  name 
«f  the  £ngli(b  Catiline,  and  ma^^tJnc  lead 
tkcoT  to  the  company.  U  was  hit  i>ir(hdajr, 
which  he  would  not  tell  \t%,  but  i>ir4  Uailcf 
whUpere4  it  to  me* 

6.  I  was  this  morning  tn^kin^  tlu  kalla4, 
t«ro  decrees  above  Gfuhdrcecj  at  nooo  I  pa'd 
•  Ttfic  to  Mis.  Malhamy  and  then  went  tb 
iioe  with  our  r>cietj.  foor  iord  keeper 
4iocd  bclnw  ftairt,  I  fuppofe  on  a  bit  of 
Bwrtoo.  We  chofc  two  mem  bets ;  we  were 
ekvto  met,  the  created  meeting  we  ever  had  t 
1  am  next  week  to  iotrodace  Lot4  Orrery. 
The  printer  came  before  we  parted,  ami 
Waoght  the  bal'ad,  which  made  them  Jaugh 
«try  heartily  a  duzea  timetk  He  it  going  to 
pn<»t  the  pamphlet  in  fmall,  a  fifth  edition, 
to  be  taken  off  by  frieaas  and  feat  into  the 
coBotry.  A  Azpenny  anfwcr  ta  coaie  outi 
good  fo€  nothing,  but  gueiBog  me  among 
others  for  the  author.  To-morrow  is  the  fa- 
til  day  for  the  parliament  meeting,  ami  wc 
are  full  of  hopes  and  £earf»  We  reckon  w< 
^ve  a  majority  of  ten  pn  our  fide  in  th« 
ho«fe  of  lords ;  yet  2  obferved  Mrs.  Maiham 
t  iitile  imeafy  4  Qit  afliires  me  the  queen  'is 
ftout.  The  duke  of  Marlborough  has  not 
liern  the  queen  for  Come  days  pa/lj  Mrs. 
iJaSuun  is  glad  of  it,  Kecaufe  (he  fays,  be 
t«lb  a  hundred  lies  to  his  fiiends  of  what  Oie 


the  bi(bop  of  Clogher  to-morrbw,  and  to  th# 
archbiOtop  of  DubKn,  if  I  hwe  time.  I  am 
horribly  down  atfrefent.  I  long  to  knovv 
how  lord  -treafuTcr  bears  this,  and  what  re- 
medy he  hat.  The  duke  of  Ormond  cam6 
this  day  to  town,  aud  was  there. 

S.  I  was  Mfly  this  morning  with  t>te  fe- 
creiary.  and  falkt  ofer  this  matter.  He  ho- 
i>ed,  that  when  it  was  reported  this  day  in 
ihe  hondB  of  kvds,  thoy  would  di (agree  with 
their  committee^  and  fo  the  matter  woufd 
^o  off,  oo^r  with  a  little  lofs  of  repuratioh  tp 
lord  treafunsr.  I  dtoodwiih  Dr.  Cockburr, 
«Bd  after  a  Scotdi  aacmb  r  came  m,  and  (old 
ui  that  the  claofe  was  carried  againd  the 
court  in  the  honfo  of  lords  almoft  tiio  lb 
one  I  I  went  direaiy  to  Mrs.  Mafhaih,  an$ 
meeting  Dr*  Asbtrtfanoft  (the  qticen's  favQur 
rite  phyfictan)  we  went  together.  She  wap 
joft  come  from^waicing  sft  fhe  queen's  dinner, 
and  going  to  her  own.  She  had  heard  no- 
thing of  the  thing  being  ^ne  againf^  us.  It 
lecms  lord  treafuser  had  been  fo  nrgligent, 
that  he  was  with  the  queen  whik  the  quef'- 
tioQ  wat  put  in  the  hoofe  j  I  immediately 
toid  Mn.  Ma(ham,  that  either  (he  and  lord 
treafurer  had  joined  with  the  queen  to  be- 
tray us,  or  that  they  two  were  betrayed  by 
the  queen  :  She  pfotefled  folemnljr  it  was  not 
the  ttrmer,  and  1  believed  her  j  but  (he  gave 
roe  fome  I'ghta  40  ftxhefk  the  que«n  is 
changed,    ^or,  yeAerday  when  the  qUten  was 


lays  to  him  :  he  is  one  day  bumble,  and  the   'going  from  the  bou(e,  where  (he  fjt   to  hear 


aec  on  the  high  ropes.  The  dake  of  Or* 
amd,  they'  lay,  wlU  be  in  town  to-night  by 
twdre. 

7.  This  being  the  day  the  parliament  Was 

to  mret.    and  the  great  quetlicn  to  be  deter- 

SttfieJ,  I  went  with  Dr,  Friend  to  dine  in 

the  diy,    on  purpoie  to  be  out  of  the  way, 

and  we  fent  our  piinter  ta  (ce  what  was  our 

fjie  i  bot  he  gAve  us  a  mod  melancholy  ac- 

cooflt  of  things.     The  earl  of  Nottil^ham 

bcgao,  and  fpoke  againft  a  peace,   and  defired 

that  in  their  addrefi  they   might  put  in  a 

clanle  to  advife   tlie  queen  noc  to  make  a 

ftace  without  Sp^in  ;  which  was  debated  and 

csrried  by  the  Wh^s  by  iibout  ha  voices  :  and 

this  baa  happened  entirely  by  my  lord  trea*- 

fiirer*s  aegled,  who  did  not  take  timely  care 

to  atke  up  all   his  Areiigth,    although  every 

00c  of  us  gave  him  cau(ir>n  enough.     Not- 

tinf^m    has   certainly    been    bribed.     The 

fonioQ  is  yet  only  carried  in  the  committee 

ci  the  whole,  houfe,    and  we  hope  whea 

It  it  rrported  to  the  hoofe  to  morrow,    we 

ibaQ  have  a  majority  by  (bm«  Scotch  lords 

J  to  town.     However,  it  is  a  mighty 

r  ani  lo:'s  of  reputation  to  lord  treafurer^ 

and  may  end  io  his  ruin,     J  heat  the  thing 

ody  as  the  printer  brought  it,    who  was  at 

the  debate  ;    but  how  the  miniftry  take   it* 

or  sibac  their  hopes  and  teats  ate,    1  cannot 

t*9  antiJ  1  ice  them.     1  HiAl  b<  eaily  widi 

ibefeueury  to  morrow,  and  then  I  wiU  fell 

yao  suMe,    and  Oiali  write  a  full  accoout  to 

March,   1764. 


the  debate,  the  duke  of  Shrew(b  iry,  lord 
chamberlam,  aiked  her,  whether  he  or  the 
great  chamberlain  Lindfay  o«jgl]t  to  lead  her 
out,  ihe  ^fweved  (hort,  Neither  of  you, 
and  gave  her  band  'to  the  duke  of  Somerset, 
who  was  louder  than  any  in  the  hoofe  for  the 
claufe  sgainll  peace.  She  gare  me  one  6t 
two  more  inftaaces  of  this  (brt,  which  coff* 
vince  me  that  the  qoeenis  fallb,  or  at  lejft 
very  much  wavering.  Mr.  MaAam  he^ gei 
OS  10  ftay,  becao'e  lord  treafurtr  woilw  call, 
and  we  were  refolved  to  f^U  on  him  about  hie 
negliRencc  in  fecuring  a  majority.  Be  catxtt. 
and  appeared  in  good  hu moor  as  ufuai,  but  1 
thought  his  counteoatKe  was  much  ca(i  down. 
1  ri>Hied  him,  and  defired  him  to  give  tnt  hi$ 
flaC  which  he  did  I  I  told  him,  if  he  would 
Secure  it  me  a  week,  I  wot^d  (rt  all  right  i 
He  aiked.  How  f  I  faid  I  would  ioimcdlately 
tufn  lord  Marlborough^  his  two  dacghtcrt, 
the  d«ke  and  duchefi  of  Sometfet,  and  lonl 
Cholmondeley  out  of  aH  their  empioyments  s 
and  J  believe  he  had  not  a  friend  bur  was  oX 
my  opinion*  Arbothaott  afked.  How  he 
came  not  to  fecu^e  a  majority  ?  He  coxild  an•^ 
fwer  nothing,  hue  that  he  could  nor  help  ir. 
if  people  wo«ld  fit  and  forfwear.  A  poor 
anfwer  for  a  great  inio»<kr.  There  fell  from 
him.  a  fcripture  ekpi^eAion,  that  •*  the  hearts 
of  kings  are  onfearchablc.**  I  told  him.  It 
was  what  I  feared,  and  w>.s  f.om  him  the 
worll  news  he  could  tell  me.  I  begged  him 
to  knew  what  we  had  to  ttuft  to 5  he  fturk  a 
X  '  a  liitle 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t62         Behaviour  ^f  the  Pcpuface^  l^e.  cenfured.         Mar  A 


a  little;  but  at  laft  bid  me  not  fear,  fot  all 
would  be  well  yet.     We  would  f«in  have  had. 

.him  eat  a  bit  where  he  wis,  but  he  would  ^ 
f  o  home,  it  was  paft  fix  :  He  made  me  go 
home  with  him.  There  we  found  hit  brother 
•nd  Mr.  fecretary*  He  made  hit  fon  take  a 
lift  of  all  in  the  houfe  of  commons  who  had 
placef,  and  yet  voted  afaioft  the  court,  in 
iuch  a  manner  at  if  they  flionld  lofe  their 
places  \  I  doubt  he  is  not  able  to  compafs  ir. 
Lord  keeper  came  in  an  hour,  and  they  were 
going  upon  bofineft:  So  I  left  him,  and  re- 
turned to  Mrs.  Maiham ;  but  Ae  had  com- 
pany with  her,  and  I  would  not  ftay.— 
This  11  a  .long  journal,  and  of  a  day  that 
may  produce  great  alterations,  and  hazard 
the  ruin  of  England.  The  Whigs  are  all  in 
trionnph  $  they  foretold  how  all  this  would  be, 
but  we  thought  it  boafting.  Nay,  they  faid 
the  parliament  flunild  be  diflbWed  before 
Chriftmai,  and  perhaps  it  may :  This  is  all 
your  d*»d  duchefs  of  Somcrret*s  doings.  I 
warned  them  of  it  nine  months  ago,  and  a 
hundred  times  fince :  The  feaetary  always 
dreaded  it.  I  told  lord  treafurer,  I  (hould 
have  the  advantage  of  himj  for  he  would 
lofe  his  head,  and  I  flioold  only  be  hanged, 
and  fo  carry  my  body  entire  to  the  grave. 

9.  I  was  this  morning  with  Mr.  Secretary; 
we  are  both  of  opinion  that  the  queen  is 
falfc.  I  told  him  what  I  heard,  «nd  he  con- 
firmed it  by  other  circumfiances.*  I  then 
^tnl  to  my  friend  Lewis,  who  had  fcnt  to 
fee  me.  He  talks  of  nothing  but  retiring  to 
his  eflate  in  Wales*  He  gave  me  reafons  to 
hel'.eve  the  whole  matter  is  fettled  between 
the  queen  and  the  Whigs  ;  he  hears  that  lowi 
Somert  is  to  be  treafurer,  and  believes,  that 
feoner  then  turn  out  the  duchefs  of  Somer- 
fet,  ihe  will  diifolve  the  parliament,  and 
get  a  whiggifh  one,  which  may  be  done  by 
snanaging  ele^Uons.  Things  are  now  in  the 
crifis,  and  a  day  or  two  will  determine.  I 
kavc  dciired  him  to  engage  lord  treafurer, 
that  as  foon  as  he  finds  the  change  is  refolvcd 
on,  he  will  fend  me  abroad  as  queen's  fecre- 
tary  fomewhere  or  other,  where  I  may  re- 
main till  the  new  minifters  recal  me ;  and 
then  I  will  be  fick  for  five  or  fix  months  till 
the  ftorm  has  fpent  itfeif.  I  hope  he  will 
grant  me  this;  for  I  ihould  hardly  truft  my- 
felf  to  the  mercy  of  my  enemies  while  their 
anger  is  frcfii.  I  dined  to  day  with  the  fe- 
cretary,  who  aifc£b  mirth,  and  fcems  to  hope 
all  will  yet  be  well.  I  took  htm  afide  after 
dinner,  told  him  how  I  had  feived  tkem,  and 
]>ad  alked  no  reward,  but  thought  I  might 
afli  fecurity;    and     then  defired    the   fame 

.  thing  of  him,  to  fend  me  abroad  before  a 
change.  He  embraced  me,  and  fwore  he 
would  take  the  fame  care  of  me  as  he  would 
of  htmlelf,  &c.  but  bid  roe  have  courage, 
for  that  in  two  days  my  lord  treafurer*8  wif- 
dom  would  appear  greater  than  ever ;  that  ht 
fttflfered  all  that  had  happened  on  purpofe,  and 
had  taken  meafures  to  turn  it  to  advantap. 
I  (aid  Cod  fend  it|  but  I  do  sot  believe  a 


fyllible  ;  and  as  far  as  I  can  judge,  the  gaine 
is  luft.  I  Oiall  know  more  foon,  and  my  let- 
ters will  be  a  goodhiftory  to  (hew  you  the  fieps 
of  this  change. 

VII.  ^  Utter  on  the  Btbaviour  of  tbt  Ps- 
pulact  on  a  late  Oceafan,  in  tte  Proceditre 
agaittft  a  noble  Lord,  /«  Italian  W  Eogliih. 
8v0.  6d.  Bingley. 

This  is  a  difpaffionate  appeal  to  the  pub- 
lic, in  confequence  of  the  invedives  thrown 
out  againft  Lord  Baltimore,    who  has  been 
condemned  by  the  mob  before  he  has  been 
tried  by  the  laws  of  his  country,   and  this 
too  at  a  time  when  the  circumftance  of  bis 
being  readily  bailed  by  one  of  the  greateft 
magillrates  which  (his  kingdom  ever  boaOed, 
(hould,  in  the  opinion  of  every  fenfible  man, 
be  confidered  ts  a  very  ftrong  argument  in 
his  favour.     The  lower  orders  of  raaokind, 
however,  are  always  extremely  happy,   when 
they  have  the  lead  opportunity  of  cecfuring 
their  fuperiori,  yet  if  the  public  really  knew 
what  Lord  Baltimore  has  fuflfered,  thdr   re- 
fentment  would  be  turned  into  pity,  and  th?  j 
would  find  him,    at  Shakefpsar  pathetically 
expreflfes  it,  <<  A  man  more  finned  againft 
than  finning.** 

'  We  are  informed  by  the  pamphlet  that  ^ia 
porter  in  endeavouring  to  oppofe  fome  who 
were  rufhicg  into  the  houfe  of  hi?  mafler, 
received  a  blow,  to  which,  I  am  told  the  co< 
roner*8  inqusft  have  given  in  their  opinion 
he  owed  hit  death.  What  a  (hock  muft  thi 
be  to  a  mafter,  who,  beftdes  the  lofs  of  \ 
faithful  fervant,  has  the  afflidtion  to  confide 
that  it  was  in  his  defence,  and  for  doing  hi 
duty,  that  he  was  r.urdcred  ! 

His  lo'dOilp  had  a  daughtir  of  about -four 
teen  years  of  age,  allowed  by  every  ooe  thi 
knew  her  to  be  endowed  with  the  rooft  amis 
ble  qualitiet,  fupremely  beloved  by  hiizi 
And  who  on  feeing  therifing  of  the  peopl 
and  frightened  at  the  danger  of  a  father  who 
file  tenderly  loved  ;  finding  herfelf  too  left  I 
him,  without  her  knowing  what  waa  tl 
matter,  (he  fell  into  convulfive  fits,  and 
three  days  died. 

Hard  indeed  !  Says  the  Tetter  writer  to  ] 
correfpondent,    you  will  once  more  fay, 
all  this  to  happen,  on  nothing  more  than  \ 
prefumption  oi  fo  improbable  a  guilt  \     \ 
well  vou  may  fay  fo  on  this  cccafioo,    and 
be  in  the  wrong.     1  fuy  the  fame,  and  na 
rally  inclined  as  I  am  to  take  the  part  of 
unfortunate,  even  though  I  do  not  perfoa 
know  them  ;    I  can  unaff^Aedly  ailure  ^ 
that  at  the  inflant  I  am  writing  this  to  3 
the  thoughts  of  fuch  a  deep  diftrefs  fo  ^uicl 
my  feelings,  that  my  heart  bleeds  at  it. 
do  not  you  the  more  for  this  terurn    to    ; 
exclamation  of  '^  O  cruel  laws  t   O  barba 
country !" 

In   what  fault  are  the   laws,     and 
fliould  it  be  imputed  to  a  whole  people, 
fome  wretches,  under  pretext  of   seal, 
to  arrive  at  their  ends,    ftould,    unwarra 
by  any  the  leait  legal  authority^    attetr 


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1768.  rbt  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.        163 


iioKiU^  entry  into  the  houfe  of  a  nobleman 
«f  great  property,  and  munier  his  porter,  be-  . 
fide«  other  outraftei  ?  You  are  to  know  that 
this  triUy  tragical  ad  was  committed  before  ' 
the  woman  bad  uken  that  oath  which  maket 
yOQ  (hudderi  confequently  before  any  war- 
raat  cooM  lye  iifned  thereon.  Can  you  pre* 
tend  to  find  out  any  regulation  that  will  ef- 
fedoally  reilrain  men*s  unbridled  pailioni? 
The  laws  qsay  punidi,  but  they  cannot  pre- 
heat cnmea.  Inconveniences  being,  humanly 
fpeakinj;.  inevitable  in  any  government 
vhitfocver;  and  however  inftituted  by  the 
wifcft  and  juileil  legillature,  the  weight  of 
them  muft  fall  on  fome  one,  and,  in  that 
cafe,  his  mitrortone  is  like  the  damage 
caofed  by  a  thoodeibol'',  or  an  earthquake. 
Fmaily^  to  corroborate  by  a  refpe£table  au- 
thahty,  all  that  I  have  faid,  to  evince  that 
there  ia  not  always  to  be  drawn  a  confequcnce 
ilf  bdaoM  to  a  government,  for  what  damage 
is  folFcred  under  it  by  an  innocent  perfon,  lee 
me  recommend  to  yon  the  perofal  of  the  ful- 
laving  paflagc  out  of  Machiavel,  which  1 
iucy  muft  h4ve  flipped  your  memory. 

'*  If  a  (uhytGt  flionld,  in  the  ordinary  courfe 
of  law,  be  oppretfed  (even  though  wrongfully) 
there  follows  on  it  little  or  no  difturbance  in 
the  cooimonwealth,  becaufe  the  execution 
will  have  been  done  without  private  violence, 
and  without  foreign  force,  which  are  the 
th>«ss  that  deftroy  the  liberty  of  a  country  j 
hot  it  vrill  have  been  done  by  tht  civil  power 
aad  anthority,  which  have  their  appropriate 
htfondi,  not  do  they  tranfgrefs  them  to  any 
degree  that  might  fubvert  the  comou>n 
weakh." 

Happly  however,  though  oor  mobi  are  in- 
ieeaced  by  prejudice,  our  courU  of  juft.ce 
aie  not,  and  there  we  have  feen  with  what  de- 
gBseof  rrafon  fuch  torrents, of  abufe  have  been 
coatineally  poured  out  upon  this^  unfortunate 
nobkman. — The  Italian  part  of  thii  pamphlet 
i|  Boeh  '.iiperior  to  the  tranflation. 

X,  The  Advatarti  9/  Mift  Beverley,  inttr' 
^ffjtd  Vfirb  ^ennint  Memoir i  of  a  nortbtra 
iMy  cf^alitjt  2  v:ii,  St/o.     Bladon. 

Tho(c  wno  find  a  pleafure  in  perufing  the  ' 
ctSeaary  produ^ofts  of  a  circulating  libiaiy, 


#ill  probably  think  their  time  not  ill  bellow, 
ed  in  reading  the  adventures  of  Mifs  Beverley. 

XI.  The  Companion  fir  tU  Fin-Side,  or  IVtn^ 
ter*s  Evening  Amufenunty  &c,  I  W,  £v», 
Cooke, 

This  is  a  compilation  of  well  known  ftorief 
taken  from  the  newfpaper  and  other  periodi- 
cal publicitioni. 

XII.  Ibe  Summer 'boufei  or,  the  Hiftory  oj 
Afr.  Morton  and  Mi  ft  fiamftead,  a  vo/i.  8v«. 
Nuble. 

We  doubt  not  but  this  novel,  like  the  ge- 
nerality of  thofe  books  which  are  611ed  with 
love  .and  tendernefs  will  have  its  admirers 
among  the  boarding  fchools,  round  the  me- 
tropolis, as  its  well  enough  calculated  to  give 
our  young  iadica  an  early  inclination  for  huf- 
bands. 

XIII.  The  happy  Extravagant  \  §r,  the  Me* 
MKuVi  •/*  Charles  Ci^airville,  £/f}  %  vols,  8v«. 
Noble. 

Frefli  food  for  the  circulating  library,  and 
perfeAly  of  a  piece  with  the  generality  oi 
fuch  produ£lions. 

XIV.  TbeDifirefim/e^  cr,  the  Hijlcrj  cf 
Eliza  Windham,  s  voU,  itino.     V^'illcie. 

There  is  goodnefs  of  heart  in  this  little 
work;  but  no  goodnefs  of  composition,  and 
though  we,  fubfcribe  to  the  benevolence  of  the 
author,  we  cannot  pay  any  extraordinary  com- 
pliment to  his  abilities. 

X  V.  ^  Sentimental  Journey  through  France 
and  Italy,  by  Mr,  Yorick,  2  vols,  ixme*. 
Becket. 

This  is  the  beginning  of  a  work  which 
death  hu  commanded  never  to  be  iiniihed— 
The  author's  great  talents  notwithftanding 
his  diCregard  of  order,  are  uoiverfally  knoarn,. 
and  though  fome  illiberal  pen  h^s  meanly  en- 
deavoured to  injure  his  reputation,'  byn'nt- 
ing  at  his  want  of  wifdom*  Aiil  we  may  fay 
in  his  own  words  at  the  conclufion  of  Lefe« 
vre*s  Aory,  that  if  the  accufing  fpirit  B  es  up. 
to  heaven's  chancery  with  his  indifcretions, 
it  will  bluHi  to  give  them  in,  and  we  doubt 
not,  but  the  recording  angel  in  writing  them, 
down  will  drop  a  tear  upon  each,  and  waih 
il  away  for  ever. 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


SuN*>AT,  Feb.  28. 
WTf  5^^  H  E  houfe,  &c.  of  a  farmer,  at 
Wi^^S^J^  Rcdwick,  in  Monrooathlhire, 
were  confumed    by  fire,    with 
nine  cows  and  calves,    a  id  a 


WlNMf  >e^  fow  and  pigs. 

^W.  Jl/*\       TuiSDAY.  March  i. 

The  ibcicty  of  ancient  Britons,  previous  to 
^eir  annual  fernv>n  and  feaft,  waited  on  the 
irjice  of  Wales,  who  prc(eiucd.  them  wiih 
Kf  guineas. 


Ended  the  fe/Tions  at  the  Old  Bailey,  when 
Benjamin  Payne,  John  Alders,  John  Tap- 
ping, for  different  robberies  on  the  highway, 
Ann  Robiri/on  and  Sophia  Revell,  for  Burg- 
glary,  received  fentence  of  death  ;  as  did  alfo 
Mr,  James  G.bjTun,  the  attorney  (Seep,  53.) 
(orty-tight  were  fentenced  to  traofportauon 
for  feven  years,  tw.o  for  fourteen  years,  two 
were  branded,  one  pul>lickly,  and  Teven  pri- 
vately whipped.  Alders,  Tapping,  Revell^ 
an4  Robinfon,  were  af;awards  reprieved. 

X   2  TUKSOAY 


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j64  Tbt  MONTHLY  CfTRQNOLOGER.      March 


The  h\\mr\n%  billt  receired  the  royal  af^ 
(tat  by  a  coiomilfioo,  previous  to  his  roajcf- 
ty'f  soiDg  to  the  Hoofe  of  Petif»  r\t. 

The  bill  for  graoting  to  hit  majeftya  cef« 
tun  fvm  out  of  the  Baking  fond,  and  for  ap- 
flying  *  certain  fum  remaming  thereint  for 
the  fcrtice  of  the  prefent  year, — To  raife  %■ 
c^tain  fdm  by  loaat  on  Exchequer  bilU,  for 
the  fervicft  o/  the  prdeot  yeaiv— To  raife 
I)9co,oool«  by  annuities  and  lottery,  for  the 
fetv  ce  of  the  preient  year.— For  redeeming 
the  remainder  of  the  joint  flock  of  annuitiei, 
eft2blt(hed  in  the  third  year  of  hit  prefent 
majeify'f  reign«— 'To  apply  the  fom  granted 
fw  the  pay  and  doathing  of  the  militia  fdr 
the  praCent  year.—- For  better  i»«ving»  cleanf* 
ing,  and  enli^tening  the  city  of  London^ 
and  the  liberties  thereof)  Arc.— To  amend  tn 
adt  for  the  bettter  regubting  .joufneyanen 
taylortt  writhin  the  weekly  bills  of  mortality.- 
•—To  amend  and  render  morreft'e£iual  in  hia 
majefiy'a  doiminioos  in  America,  an  a^  of 
this  felBon,  for  punifliing  mutiny  and  defer* 
tiofli  ftc—To  continue  feveral  afts  for  the 
better  encouraging  the  whale  fi0iery.— For 
ibore  eafy  and  effVdual  recovery  of  the  pe- 
naltiei  and  forfeitures  infli£Ved  by  afts^  re- 
citing to  the  trade  and  revenuea  of  the  Britifh 
colooffts  io  America. — To  explain  and  amend 
the  laws  touching  the  eleflions  of  knights  of 
the  (hires  in  England  fo  far  at  relates  to 
olerks,  appointed'  to  take  <be  fald  polls. 

And  alfo  to  feveial  olhes  poblic  and  private 
htlis. 

TnUKSDATy    IO. 

Mil  maj«fty  gave  the  royal  aifent  to  fome 
private  hillsi  after  which  he  made  a  moft 
graeious  fpeech.  (See  p*  152*) 
Friday,  ii. 
The  patliament  was  diflblved  by  proclsma* 
tion,  and  writs  were  ordered  for  the  eledlion 
df  a  new  one  to  bear  tcft  March  la,  and  to 
be  returnable  on  May  zo.  Another  procla- 
mation was.ifTued  for  eleCliog  the  0xteeo 
Scots  peers  on  April  26. 

W1DNI8DAY,  16. 
The  elcAIon  for  fom*  members,  for  the 
city  of  Loodon,  came  on  at  Guildhall,  the 
candidates  being  the  Right  Hon.  Thomas 
Narleyr  lord  mayor>  Sir  Ibebert  Ladbroke^ 
knt.  Sir  Richard  Glyn>  bart.  Aldermen 
Beckford  and  TrcCothick,  Mr.  Deputy  Paier- 
fon,  and'John  Wilkes,  £{9;  and  after  hold, 
ing  up  of  hands,  the  Lord  Mayor,  Sir  Robert 
tadj^roke,  Mr.  Beck/ord,  and  Mr.  Wilkes, 
were  declared  by  the  flkeriifs  to  have  the  ma- 
jority, A  poll  was  demanded  in  favour  of 
Sir  Richard  Glyn,  Mr.  Trecothick,  and  Mft 
Pater  fon, 

WxDNisoAT>  ai. 
At  the^clofe  of  the  poll,  at  Gtaldhall,  the 
numbers  ftood,  as  follow  i 

The  Lord  Mayor  3719 

S  r  Robert  Ladbroke  3678 

WtiliaQi  Beckford,  Efq;  3402 

Ihrlow  Trecothifi,  li!^  t^^y 


Sir  Richard  Glyo  [J823 

John  Parerfon,  Bf)}  i  69 

John  Wilkes,   Efqj  1247 

The  conte(^)  during  this  eleOIofi,  wae- 
very  warm,  and  papers  and  addrelles  to  the 
public  were  every  day  publifhed,  as  ofue1» 
for  and  againll  the  ferer^l  candidates.  Mr, 
Wilkes  feem^d  to  be  the  dar)ir»g  of  the  nK>b« 
end  fome  indecencies  were  committed  by 
thofe  gentry  in  and  about  the  hall*  A  fob'v 
fcription  was  fet  on  fo&t,  fuccefsfuHy,  for  pay- 
ing that  gentleman's  debts,  and  there  appear* 
cd  the  follow  irtg  copy  of  a  letter  from  bim, 
to  Meffrs  Nuthall  and  Francis,  fbliicitor  an4 
deputy  follicitor  of  the  treafory* 

«*  S  I  R,        London,  March  xa^,  1768, 

I  rake  th'^  liberty  of  acquainting  yoo,  that 
in  the  beginning  of  the  enduing  term  I  0»»H 
prefent  myfcJf  to  the  court  of  King's  Bench. 
I  pledge  my  honour  as  a  gentleman,  that  on' 
the  very  firft  day  I  will  there  make  my  pet* 
fonal  appearance.     I  am,  fir. 

Your  moft  bimible  fervant, 

JOHK  Wilkes, 

At  the  commencement  and  the  cl&re  of* 
the  poll,  the  feveral  candidates  addiefTed  the 
livery  in  proper  fpecches  upon  the  occafwn. 

Mr,  James  Oibfon,  the  attorney,  and  Beiw 
jamin  Payne,  were  executed  at  Tyburn,  Mr, 
Gibfon  was  favoured  with  a  coach  to  the 
place  of  execution,  and  behaved  with  manly 
fortitude,  inS  great  devotion.  Payne  behaved 
with  great  penitence. 

Friday  25, 

At  a  common-hall,  the  right  hon.  tfre 
Lord  Mayor,  Sir  Robert  Ladbrqke,  Mr,  AU' 
derman  Beckford,  and  Mr,  Alderman  Tre- 
cothick, were  declared-duly  elr^d  reprefen- 
tatives  in  parliament  for  the  city  of  London, 

After  lofing  bis  eleAion  in  the  city,  Mr, 
Wilkes  dedzred  himfelf  i  candidate  for  th« 
county  of  Middlefex. 

Saturday,  26. 

After  a  trial  of  nineteen  houis,  Lord  BsK 
tlmoreandhii  tWo  female  accomplices  were 
acquitted  of  the  rape  on  Mifs  Sarah  Wood- 
cock,    (See  our  tafV  vol.  p.686.) 
Monday,  291 

The  eleftion  for  Mrddletcx  came  on  tr 
Brentford,  when  Mr.  Wilkes  and  Mr.  Cook« 
were  declared  doly  ele^Jed, 

Two  pots  of  young  oaks  have  been  prefent^ 
ed  to  the  Royal  Society,  from  Wf,  Altoo, 
botanick  gardener  to  her  royal  highnefs  the 
princefs  dowager  of  Wales  at  Kcw.  They 
were  raifed  from  acorns  of  the  year  17^6,  . 
which  had  been  prefcrvcd  in  wax  from  the 
>2d  of  February,  1:67,  to  the  beginning  of 
December,  1767,  whin  they  were  comnrnt* 
ted  to  his  care,  by  defire  ©f  the  Royal  Socie- 
ty, to  try. if  they  would  vegetate,  and  ther^ 
arc  already  twenty  five  young  oaks  come  up 
out  of  the  thirty- four  acorns  which  were 
fown.  At  the  fame  time  the  manner  of 
prefervirrg  them  waf  communicated  to  the 
earl  of  Morton,'  prefident  of  th%  Royel  So- 
cietal   io  9  leU(r  from   J.  Z'Am,  £fq;  of 


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1768/         rbe  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.        165 


Ct«7V1lH»,  r.  R.  ».  «ber«4n  Mr.  BilW  Wm 
Aew  Imw  to  vttnA  tde  icaMug  heat  vf  the 
vn,  vrbicll  H  apt  to  dcArdl]f  cfae  ferai  of 
XDcft  (ccda  indolH  in  it.  By  this  m«tho4 
tb«  flioC  Taloable  fctit  may  b«  btoagbt  fi «m 
tbc  rcoiocHI  p«rct  of  th«  tank  tit  a  frowmf 
ftatr,  wliicb  may  ift  tin«  bv  o/  cooA^eraUa 
afe  to  tho  tra^c  of  ovr  Aanrnoan  colonitt. 

A  c0Kacei  Ooar  Bo  17,  ia  Sa0«11t«  was 
bcdy  confuflic4  bjr  ftrei  aad  as  oM  wamaa 
f  UbtJ  in  tbe  ia«ie9. 

The  king *i  pardon,  aod  a  reward,  arc  of- 
fered for  rbe  axfcovery  of  tb«  perfont,  who,  in 
fbe  nifhc  bctiarccD  the  ft4thai>d  i .  th  brokt 
ofA  aod  tabbed  tb«  €«ifto»-b«i»f«,  at  Biid- 
bagBM,  in  Yorkfliire. 

hk  th«  fWI  w«ek  of  January  17^7^  the 
nStof  of  Ackwonb-,  in  Yortcfhire,  lavtted 
tbitty  tttfw  of  Irit  fatiikioMft  to  dint  with 
hta,  »i«.  twency-ooe  ntro  and  eifhteen  wo- 
■ea,  who^ie  a^ ea  amounted  to  97 S4  3  and  tfl 
theM  week  of  laft  Jaooary  be  iovircd  fcr* 
ft  of  bii  parHkieners  to  4mt  with  him,  vie. 
aroetceo  men  and  twenty-ooe  wofflea,  wboiif 
afrt  amounted  to  1SS5. 

We  are  informed  rrom  Abboy-Lmderooft 
in  Combvrfiod.  that  a  woman,  called  JanO 
F^refter,  who  trrtf  in  Ihat  parifll,  it  now  in 
rbe  tjStb  year  af  her  age.  When  Cromwell- 
htfkftdibc  cky  of  C^rlifle,  in  tbo  year  1646, 
Ae  can  remember  that  a  borfe't  head  fold 
fer  29.  6d.  before  the  garrifim  furrcndered. 
At  tlie  martyrdo!n  of  K'ng  Cuarlea  I.  (he 
was  BUMfre»  years  of  af««  At  Bramaton, 
abovt  6x  years  ago,  ihe  mtde  oath  berore  the 
esmai^&oriera  in  a  chancery  fuit,  to  have 
kaowa  t*ie  eAate,  the  ri^ht  of  which  was 
then  diipotcd,  to  have  been  esjorcd  by  the 
ancetors  of  the  prcfent  heir  10 1  years.  She 
bach  an  only  daughter  Kfi^»  sged  103. 
A^  «e  are  forther  informed,  that  there  are 
ii  women  now  Itvrog  in  the  lame  pari(b 
•beie  ike  refitfcs,  the  youngeft  of  whom  is 
aiB«cy«nhM^  yrars  of  age. 

A(  tbe  ti^nt^,  at  Svjifbnry,  (even  perfooo 
vczc  capitaUy  convt^ed,  one  of  them  for 
»isitet  ;  at  Cloocefler  eight,  fia  of  whom 
we^  rroricved }  at  Maidftone  five ;  at 
ATkfl>vvy  three  ;  at  Winchefter  four ;  at 
Hrrdbrd  ten,  &r  of  whom  west  reprieved. 
Oxfari  wiS  a  maiden  aflfize. 

Diibliq,  Feb.  ao.  The  following  is  his 
necScMy  the  lord  tientenam'a  aniWtfr  to  iho 
ariirels  «(f  the  honosrable  Hovio  of  Com* 
saoss: 

GentteiiTnii 

I  rdorn  you  fnj  mo^  (mcere  thanks  for 
tk  t  ki<«d  ind  honourabie  addfef*,  and  am  ey- 
tresMly  hapfy  that  my  cndeaToais  with  bis 
r<a}efty.  m  favour  of  the  bill,  for  limiting 
tb?  ddcatjottof  parliaments  to  .this  kingdom, 
&ave  proved  eff^doal,  and  fa(isra£lory  to  you  { 
t^d  1  do  not  donbt  but  that  this  iigaal  in- 
lbac<  af  bis  majelly^s  graeious  compliaace 
vitli  tbe  wrihes  of  bra.  faitbfol  crmmooay 
•)&  «  all  ocfafioos  men  witli  that  seal  aod 


gratUodt  wfeieb    bis  pattina}  goodbeft  do*  . 
ferves;     (Seep,  nil.) 

ExtrsB  rf  *  Uti^rfrtm  NeW  York,  dMtd 
March  4«« 

*•  Tbrrc  are  |flow  four  brrgi,  ftom  f&ttf  . 
tofovonty  tonr^  and  fifteen  armed  dtckod« 
cffterv,  00  tie  l«ake  Onttrio  3  by  means  of 
tbefc  tbe  navigation  of  thtfreat  Lakes,  and 
a  oew  trado,  will  foon  bo  oftabliHied.  eqoal 
almoft  to  that  wbich  wc  now  onjay  fiom  U» 
vtral  BritiAk  iflands/* 

By  tbe  Philadelphia,  Capt^  MGill,  arrived 
at  Liverpool  from  Angola  and  Antigua,  we 
bavo  a»  account  of  the  lofsiof  tbe  Aoop  Ve» 
not.  Cape.  Wildieg  of  that  port,  laft  Oflo- 
ber.  The  cucumftances  are  as  foUaw :  Tko 
▼efliel  btiog  in  the  river  Coikgo#  and  thn. 
captain  (as  cuftonnry)  bavittf  a.  fadof|r  oa. 
(bore,  wbera  be  kao  purcbafed  about  fixxj. 
ftaves,  whicb  wOVoon  board  tke  Venus  )  the- 
king  of  that  country  having  been  affi-onted' 
a  few  weeks  before  b^  Capt.  W.  beloaging 
to  London,  by  hia  intriguing  two  or  three  of 
tbe  free  tra  'era  00  boards  and  kcepinf  tbem 
prifoners  fome  time,  and  afterwardj  taking 
tbem  to  Cape  Benda ;  to  replica  which  tho-. 
king  infixed  00  Capt.  Wilding  either  giving 
up  nis  Aoop  and  cargo,  or  lofe  his  Hfe  |  tho 
capuio  made  propofaU  of  giving  him  twcntjr 
Oaves  and  fome  gooda,  but  that  wooJd  ttoCdo# 
the  injured  kioff  was  determined  to  have  all 
or  his  head,  which  obitged  kim  to  deliver 
up  hia  vaSel  and  cargo :  At  the  fame  time  ft' 
Frenchman  trading  there,  from  C<pe  BendOf ' 
in  his  long* boa',  Aured  the  (ame  ratr«  Hsh 
likewife  feot  to  let  the  king  or  Cape  Bendo  ' 
know,  that  if  he  did  not  procure  him  foAl*. 
cient  refiitotian  for  the  injury  done  him  amii 
his  country,  (from  ibips  trading  tbere)  b* 
would  immedvitely  raifc  kia  forces  and  Uf* 
watle  his  country,  which  bo  might  eafilf. 
do  being  mnrh  more  powerful.  Tbe  Venuty^ 
after  being  in  poieflion  of  tbe  natives  f<^e 
time,  (moil  part  of  the  flaves  and  cargdi 
landed)  was  blown  up.  occafiooed  by  their 
attemp  ing  to  fire  the  fwivels,  as  a  filote  t» 
a  boat  that  was  pafliog  them  with  the  tradera 
on  board,  which  Capt.  W.  had  reUared  at 
Cape  Benda)  who  were  returning  to  thtir 
native  coootry.— Captain  M'GiH  alfo  brings 
an  account  of  the  Nancy  Waddington,  ffooi 
Bonay,  with  366  dA^ctf  at  Antigua* 


DCATHt. 

Feb.  17,  TpYringham  Stqihcnr,  Efq;  ft 
1  commi  I'oner  of  tbe  Vifttnf- 
ling«oBiee~3;^i.  Lord  Sherard,  only  fon  of 
the  earl  of  Harborough.-^Honi  George- Ed- 
ward Pakenham,  uncle  to  Lord  Longford^- 
20.  Rev.  Mr.  Richard  Baron,  a  bsptiit  mini- 
fler,  well  known  by  kis  writing!,  and  hts 
warmth,  and  even  emburrtfmi  in  tbe  caufs 
of  liberty. 

Lately.     Jofcph  Jordan,  Ef<f;  m*ny  ycai% 
f oaful-gfoeral  in  Gallicia^  aged  fcTeoty-eight 

C.-oflc 


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i66 


Ecclesiastical  Preferment*. 


March 


-^Crofle  Ooting*  Biq}  iged  fixty-thret— Pe- 
ter Randolph,  Efq;.  a  wealthy  piaster,  in  Ja- 
snaica — John  Harris.  Efq;  late  member  tor 
Barnftapie — Rev.  Mr.  Penmngton,  preben- 
lltry  of  LiacolOy  Ssc^Ktw,  Dr.  Chardin 
Mafgrave,  provoft  of  Onel  College,  Oxoa>- , 
Robert  linighty  of  Laogold,  Nouuigham- 
Ahi,  Efq;— Robert  Braod,  Efq}  formerly  a 
Sottth-fea  dirodor->Mrf.  |«ynch,  youngeil 
4a«ght«r  of  tbe  late  archbiihop  Wake,  and 
reliA  of  the  Ute  dean  of  Caoterbury-  Relid, 
of  Sir  John  Haliburton,  bart.—- Tnomat  Ste- 
vsnty  Efq;  late  an  Eati- India  commaader— 
Mrt.  Mary  GouU,  morher  of  lady  Le  De* 
fpencer-^Sir  Henry  Sioclatr^  of  Longfermacut, 
baft.*— John  Hucton,  Efq}  a  cemmiAioiitr 
of  th«  petce,  in  York(hir« — Ca  pc.  Jimet  See* 
pheni,  late  of  the  royal  artillery,  a  brave  offi* 
ccr— '^William  Ord,  Efqj  «  commiflioner  of 
tb«  peace  for  Northamberland—Commodore. 
Thomas  Harrifon,  of  the  navy— Hon.  and 
Kev.  Charles  Caulfield,  uncle  to  the  carl  of 
Charlemount— Mary,  ducheft  dowager  of 
Someifet,  mother  of  the  prcfent  doke*« 
l.ev.  Dr.  Robert  Smith,  mafier  of  Trinity - 
college,  Cambridge->Benj.  Scrimfliaw,  of 
Langley,  Herts  £(q  ;-.>ReT.  Dr.  Garner, 
hiocher  of  the  bifhop  of  Clogher— Peter  De- 
'vifmo,  Efq;  late  an  Hamburgh  merchant- 
Thomas  Freke,  Elq;  a  commiffioner  of  tho 
peace  for  Dorfetfliire — Rich^d  Harvey,  Efi); 
9n  attorney  of  the  palace  coDrt-^Mr>« 
Vaughao,  wife  of  the  member  foa  Merio- 
nethAiire~-Dr.  Martin,  one  of  tbe  abridgert 
of  the  Philos.  Tranfa^ons,  and  a  learned 
phyfician— Sir  William  Halford,  bart.  fac- 
ceaded  by  his  nephew  now  Sir  Charles  Halford, 
kart.— Mr.  John  Haggart,  prinrer  in  Chan- 
cery lane-.Mrf.  Wyhbam,  fif^cr  of  the  vif- 
ceoot  Say  and  Sele— Lieut. col.  Hunt,  of  the 
city  militia— Mifs  Palmer,  daughur  of 
Charles  Palmer,  of  Iflngton,  Efq^ — Francis 
Herring.  Efq,  a  merchant— Pendocic  Price, 
El'q;  a  commiffioner  of  the  peace  for  Kent- 
Major  Ball,  of  Dingley,  in  Norihamptonfliire, 
aged  S4.  Sec  WgbJoMd  regimettt,  in  our  Gtnt" 
rod  Index, 

iPcCLXSXASTYCAL    PaBTZSMKNTS. 

Frtm  the  Lon don    Gax b t t  c • 

WHITEHALL,  Jan.  30.  R*.  rev.  Fre- 
derick bi(hop  of  Ciovne,  is  traaflatcd 
to  the  fee  of  Derry,  in  Ireland— Feb.  a. 
Acv.  Mr.  Shanbury,  is  prefented  to  the  rec- 
tory of  Stoke-Clymefland,  in  Cornwall— 16. 
Jlev.  Dt,  Chailes  Agar,  dean  or  Kilmore,  is 
promoted  to  the  biiboprick  of  Cloyne,  in 
Ireland. 

From  th4  Ttfi  9f  tbi  Fapen, 
R.CV.  Henry  Bate,  is  prefented  to  tbe  ree- 
lory  of  Highcombe,  LncolaDiire—Mr.  Shcb- 
besrc,  to  the  re^oiy  of  Eift-Tborndoa, 
£ir«x  -Mr,  Waircn  to  a  prebend  of  Ely — Mr. 
Fletcher  to  the  vicar«ge  of  Stoddcrflcy, 
WilU^Mr.  Allcu^  to  the  rcdcry  of  Ultle- 
5 


Chart,  Kent— Mr.  Thorpe»  to  the  living 
of  Ch  Uingham,  in  North  umb^rUod — Mr* 
Lewis,  to  the  living  of  St.  George  the  Mai- 
tyr,  Southwark— Mr.  Bentley,  to  the  vica- 
rage of  HemiTieilWorth,  LiBcoinibire---Mr» 
Lyon,  to  the  vicarage  of  Wariicld,  B.rks-^ 
Mr.  Waldron,  to  the  redoiy  of  Rufwick, 
in  WorceAerthire — Du  Hinchdif^,  to  the, 
*XBafteiihtp  of  Trinity- col'ege,  Cambridge- 
Mr.  fitckextoo,  to  the  re£tory  of  Whimpie-, 
Hay,  Wilts— Mr.  B(xck;ier,  to  a  prebend  of 
ChicbeAer — Mr.  Humphreys  to  the  redorj 
of  Greete,  Salop — Mr.  Parker,  to  the  vi- 
carage of  Stockiiy,  PevoQ— Mr.  Bowen,  tp. 
iht  redlcries  ol  Buckenham  and  HafiiAghaBk, 
Norfolk. 

A  difpenfation  pafled  the  (eal  to  enable  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Pipe,  M,  A.  to  hold  the  re^osy 
of  Trent- Walton,  and  vicarage  of  Crozali,  Der- 
by/hire— To  enable  Mr.  Warton  to  hold  tbe, 
redories  of  Lcveringtoa  cad  SjialewoU,  ia 
Cambridgeihira— Mr.  Hod  (on,  to  hold  the 
vicarage  of  Thornton  and  tedory  of  Sacd- 
hui  ft,  l^ent^Mr.  Webder,  to  hold  the  rec- 
tory of  Nor;h-Mims,  Hcrtfbrdihire,  with  that 
of  St.  Stephen,  Coleman-ftreet — Mr.Curtois/ 
to  hold  the  redory  of  Peter- Hanworth,  with 
that  of  6ran(h>n,  Linedoihire— -Mr.  Whallcy,, 
to  hold  the  vicarage  of  Horfley,  Suny,  fviih 
the  united  redoriea  of  St.  Margaret  Pattens, 
and  St.  Gabriel  Feochurch  in  London— Mr, 
Buller,  to  bold  the  redories  of  Hooghtoa  ac4 
Wonilon,  Hanrs — Mr.  Eafton,  to  hold  the 
redorics  of  Bark^oae,  and  St.  Mary  Btdbroke^ 
Lincolnflure. 

PaoMOTiONS  Civil  and  Military* 
From  th*  Lou  von  Cazxttk. 

WHITEHALL,  Jan.  30.  Richard 
Steele,  of  Dublin,  Efq}  is  created  a 
baronet  of  Ireland— Feb.  a*  Richard  Suttoo, 
WiUiam  Blair,  and  William  Frafer,  Efqraiare 
author! fed,  by  commiflion  under  the  great 
feal  to  eaccnte  the  office  of  keeper  of  the 
privy,  feal,  for  fix  weeks,  &c. — Davi4 
Cuthbert,  Efq;  is  appointed  a  commi/iioner 
of  excife  in  Scotland,  in  tbe  room  of  George 
Burger,  Efqi  appointed  comptroller  chcreot, 
drc. — Thomas  HarriA>n,  E  qj  attorney-^eae- 
ral  of  Jamaica.  ^ 

Feb.  16.  Lient.  Gen.  George  Howard, 
governor  of  Cheliiea  hofpital— rLieut.  Oeo« 
John  MoAyo,  governor  of  Minorca,  Port- 
mahcn,  &c.— 22.  Francis  Laurent,  of  the 
GrenadeS)  Efq;  was  knighted— 23.  Robert 
Sandford,  Eiqj  it  appointed  governor  of  Oa|« 
W4y,  in  Ireland. 


FOREIGN     AFFAIRS. 

CO^JSTANTINOPLE,    Jan.    a.        Th^ 
i6(h   of  USt  month    at   night,  %     fit* 
brok.c  o«t  in  the  quarier  9f  Sulua    Ach* 


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!;«».        FOREIGN    A  F  P  A  I  *1  S. 


esr's  fno(<}ue  and  ootwichftanding  tht  Grand 
Ssifnior  mu  prefent,  and  the  utmoft  diligence 
*M  aid  to  Ibp  the  progrefs  of  the  fldmes, 
ikj  boafes  were  redaccd  to  afhc*. 

Coaftantioople,  Jan.  a6.  They  wrirc  firom 
AMinoplc,  that  ihe  river  Maritf,  which 
trarerfes  that  city,  hath  faddenly  overflowed 
in  binki,  and  with  foch  im{>etuofity,  that 
hfwept  away  a  great  number  of  houfet,  the 
ithjbi'ants  of  which  had  not  time  to  lava 
the  r  litcs. 

Warfiw,  Feb.  lo.  We  are  a0bred  that 
Ae  foppreffiioQ  of  the  jurisdiAion  of  the 
BBadttoie  hafe  been  approved  and  adopted, 
la^dutin  confequence  thereof  there  will 
fee  formed  a  fynod  or  ecclefiaftfcal  council  of 
wbfcli  the  primate  it  to  be  prcfident.  This 
iribwal  wiii  decide,  in  dernier  refort,  all 
Uk  ecclefiaftical  caufei  at  have  hitherto  been 
«»r»«d  to  the  court  of  Rome,  or  bid  befoie 
tke  laecio  from  that  eourc  refiding  here. 
Tbetix  on  ihepope't  buHt  will  be  abolifhed, 
watleaft  reduced,  and  a  regulation  made 
R(pediog  tithe>.  An  ambairador  is  to  be 
fctuotbe  court  of  Rome,  to  Micit  an  ap- 
F<*>tion  of  the  general  regulation,  which 
^  be  agreed  on  relative  to  all  the  above 

Warfaw,  Feb.  13.  It  as  been  agreed  to 
•wfi'in  the  tteaty  concluded  with  Ruflia  in 
16U,  m  the  form  in  which  it  ejcifts  in 
ibtirchiTet  of  that  emfire,  and  not  as  it 
»MpBWiflicd  in  Poland, 

The  great  commiffion  contiiMe  their  dc- 
liberifions  with  the  greatcft  aflTiduily,  that 
tift  miy  b«  able  to  complete  the  bufinefs 
»iith  they  have  under  confideration  before 
^  Ui.  inftant  when  the  diet  will  meet 
'pia.  Meanwhile  we  are  '  alfur^d,  that 
rt«  ae#  dufiet  on  wine,  brandy,  beer,  and 
«^  liquors  will  not  be  finally  fettled  till 
tie  ordinary  diet,  which  is  to  he  held  in  De- 
ffsfer  next.  Several  new  difpofnions  have 
fe«a  aade  coocerning  precedence  in  the  fo- 
sse. 

Wirftw,  Feb.  27.  When  the  ftates  met 
n  the  loth.  they  idjournel  to  the  26ih» 
VeAeniiy  Prince  Radzivil  declared  that  the 
(otaaiffioo  had  concluded  all  the  bufi- 
»«^wlli«bhad  been  brought  before  themj 
*»^  tbe  primate  defired  that  the  diet, 
»bicb  wai  to  break  up  on  the  i^  of  March, 
»;htbe  allowed  to  fit  eight  dayt  more. 

fHsce  Aepnin  has  confented  that  thefe 
vtrdi  fhall  be  inferted  in  the  treaty  which 
»  ftiag  to  be  figncd  wthout  pre'fudic*  U  the 
ir^ttj  ef  Oltvia,  tr  that  of  Cd'/jVfitz^t  STc, 
Tl»  Roifian  troops  are  loon  to  leave  Poland  j 
fcae  regiments  being  already  in  motion. 

Tile  com  mi  fli  inert  have  fixed  the  public 
c^nbotiuDS  at  twenty-three  millions  of  Po- 
aa  larini  per  annum;  and  h^ve  ordered  n 
t^aijeof  one  hundred  millions  01  filver,  and 
t^sht  millions  of  copper.    . 

Peteribyrgh,  Feb.  9.    The  cmpiefs  hath 


<^7 


TStificd,  with  the  greateft  fatisfaaion,  tb4 
treaty  concluded  lately  at  Copenhagen  by 
the  baron  de  Saldem,  her  minifter  plenipo" 
tentiary,  with  thofe  of  the  king  of  Denmark  1 
by  whieh  the  differences  which  fuhfifted  be- 
tween their  majefties,  ralative  fo  a  part  of 
the  country  of  Ho\i\t}n,  the  patrimony  of  the 
grand  duke,  have  been  amicably  Kcommo- 
daled. 

ExtraSI  ef  a  Utter  from  St.  Petfrfturgh^ 
Feb.  23%     . 

•*  On  Satifrday  laft  iiis  excellency  Count 
Czcrnichew,  her  imperial  msjefty's  ambaflfa- 
dor  tothe  Biitirti  court,  was  plcafed  to  invite 
the-wbole  Britifh  faftory,  cflablifh^  in  thi« 
place,  to  a  mafked  ball  and  a  moft  fplcndid 
fupper  at  his  own  palace,  at  which  were  pre. 
fent  many  of  the  Ruffian  nobility,  and  all 
the  foreign  miqifters.  Nothing  could  exceed 
the  magnificence  and  elegance  of  the  enter- 
tainment, except  the  politenefs  with  which 
it  was  conduced,  and  the  attention  which 
their  excellencies  the  count  and  countef* 
were  plcafed  to  &ew  to  every  perfon  of  tht 
Br.tifli  nation.  Such  a  diftingui/hed  maik 
of  regard  to  OUT  country  will  certainly  race« 
with  a  fuitable  return  of  honour  and  rt(ft€t 
on  his  arrival,  to  the  increafe  of  that  mutual 
confidence  already  eftabl.lhed  between  the 
two  courts.  Hts  excellency  will  probably  fet 
out  in  May,  as  foon  his  countcfs's  health 
will  permit  after  her  lying  in,  which  it 
Aortly  fxpcfted," 

Copenhagen,  Feb.  16.  A  few  days  ago  tht 
king  fcnt  to  the  Society  of  Sciences  eftablilh- 
ed  here,  a  conflderabla  fum  of  money,  which 
is  to  be  divided  into  a  certain  number  of 
prizes  to  be  beftewed  on  fuch  authors  who 
fhall  have  furniflied  lit  beft  works  on  fom« 
points  ofphyfick,  mathemallcks,  and hiftory. 
^  Stockholm,  Feb.  5.  We  have  received  ad- 
vice, that  the  Sieur  Juleufchold,  intendanC 
of  the  court,  and  receiver  of  the  rents  of  the 
unircrlity  of  Upfal,  is  become  a  bankrupt  for 
nine  or  ten  tons  of  gold,  to  the  great  furprizc 
of  every  body. 

Vienna,  Feb.  17.  A  general  orfcf  hat 
lately  been  publi(hed,  confornnble  to  the  one 
that  was  given  out  for  the  court  lad  January, 
to  regulate  the  mournings  throughout  her 
imperial  majefly's  dominions,  fixing  the  dif- 
ferent periods  of  each,  from  the  decpeft  of 
fix  months  to  the  fl'ghteft  of  a  week  j  and 
forbidding  entirely  the  wearing  of  velvet,  da- 
mage or  fat  in,  upon  thefe  occafions,  and  of 
filks  and  fluffs  of  any  kind,  that  arc  not  the 
man  ifa£lure  of  the  country. 

Vienna.  March  a.  The  earthquake, 
which  we  had  here  on  the  17th  of  laft  month, 
was  not  To  fcnfibly  felt  at  Prcsbourg  as  in  this 
city  ;  but  as  it  was  flronger  at  Newftadt,  about 
thrvr^e  poftn  from  hence,  in  the  road  to  Italy, 
it  rs  imagined  it  came  to  us  from  that  part 
of  the  woild.     There  is  fcarct  a  houfe  aC 

Newftadt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 68 


FORE-IGN   AFFAIRS.       Marek 


Nevrdadt  ^At  hn  mot  fu/fered  moie  or  Itib, 

arid  the  Ko;al  MUitaxy  Academjr  tb^re  hu 
been  To  much  damaged*  that  it  i«  computed 
the  repairs  will  amount  to  thirty  thoufind 
flortni  at  leaft.  There  it  no  account  of  any 
livet  having  been  loft.  It  waa  computed  by 
the  aftroaomer  of  the  Jcfoiti  College  bere» 
who  was  at  that  inflaot  in  the  ObI«i?atoryy 
that  the  earthquake  hfled  with  us  thkty  fe- 
coodf,  in  which  time*  he  fayt*  he  feic  more 
than  an  bondred  (bocks. 

Hanau,  Feb.  la.  YeAerday  afternoon  a 
courier  palTed  here  ia  hia  wajr  to  Dfefdan* 
with  the  agreeable  newi*  that  prince  Cle- 
ment of  SazoA/y  biihop  of  Freinogoeo  and 
Rati-bon*  had  been  defied  on  the  laih, 
archbifhop  and  eledlpr  of  Triers.  ^ 

Hamburgh,  Feb.  zS.  A  discovery  has 
lately  been  made  in  the  duchy  of  Mecklenburg 
Sitelitz  of  a  brafen  chei>^  which  was  concoalt 
cd  under  a  high  bill,  and  contained  thirty 
idols,  with  uras  and  infttomenu  for  Cacri- 
^ce.  On  the  back  of  the  largcft  of  tho 
idolt,  the  words  Radfgbafi  Rbetra  were  very 
legible.  The  pieces  are  all  very  good  gold, 
and  weigh  together  ahoot  fifteen  pounds. 

Naples,  Feb.  6.  Thje  junto  appointed  ft>r 
the  adminiftratlon  of  the  efeds  of  the  jefuits 
have  ordered  fale  to  he  mude  of  every  thing 
they  poOcHed.  and  which  were  found  in  their 
houfis,  ^rms^  ice,  to  a  very  conGdcrable 
amount. 

Florence,  Jan.  30.  In  eonfequence  of 
•or  fovereign*s  orders  an  exe^  lift  ia  making 
oat  of  all  the  moaafteriea  and  cccJeiiaftical 
cftates  throughout  this  duchy. 

Florence,  Feb.  iz.  The  great  ducheft 
was  brought  to  bed  this  morning,  between 
four  and  five  o'clock,  of  a  prince,  and  both 
are  as  well  as  can  be  expe6ed.  [This  prince 
has  been  baptised  by  the  name  of  Francis* 
Jofeph  Charles- John  } 

Milan,  Jan.  3?.  Ttie  government  his  ap* 
pointed  a  coramitilbn,  compofed  of  four  law- 
yers, to  examine  into  the  revenues  of  the  je* 
fuits  fettled  in  this  duchy,  their  expencet, 
their  adminiftration  with  regard  to  vatious 
Icgaciev,  to  hear  their  reafons,  and  to 
find  out  the  oauixe  of  the  eftates  which  they 
poiTefs. 

Turin,  Feb.  ay.  His  Britannic  roajefly 
having  been  gracioufly  pleafed  to  appoint 
the  earl  of  Carlifte,  now  at  this  court  in 
the  progrefs  of  his  travels,  to  be  one  cf  the 
knights  of  the  moft  ancient  and  noble  orilcr 
•f  the  thiAle  ;  and  having  defircd  the  king 
of  Sardinia  to  reprefent  his  m^jefty  in  cre- 
ating his  lordfhip  a  knight,  and  invefting  him 
with  the  enligns  of  that  order,  his  Sardinian 
Oajsfty  very  readily  agreed  thereto,  and  ac- 
companied his  confent  with  many  expref. 
fions  of  «ffe£lion  and  good-will  towards  the 
king  of  Great  Britain  :  And  accordingly  the 
ceremony  wai  performed  ihis  day  in  the 
ofual  mmaer. 


Parma,  Feb.  i«.  In  ihc  eigbt 
the  7  th  and  Sth  inft.  all  the  jefuits  in  the 
territories  of  Parma  were  expcUed  at  the 
fame  hour>  without  any  difiurbance«  The 
old  hofpital  of  St.  Laaarut,  near  thai  city, 
was  the  place  where  they  were  brooght  tof^ 
ther,  except  one  parry,  which  took  another 
K^id,  but  fell  in  with  the  reft  in  their  way 
to  Bologna,  which  was  appointed  for  thtit 
general  rendesvoua.  A  si^agiArate  was  it- 
puf  ed  to  go  to  each  of  the  houfes  betongiog 
to  the  jefuits,  to  isgnify  |be  rfifant^s  com- 
mandf  j  and  the  ne;U  morning  a  pragmatic 
fanAion  was  ilTued,  declaring  the  profcrip- 
tion  of  the  order.  Ac  the  fame  time  aa 
otdinance  was  iflued  concerning  the  public 
places  of  learning,  whercis  new  profc-nbrt  are 
appointed  to  fucceed  in  fuch  departments  as 
were  occupied  by  Jcfuia. 

Parmif  Feb.  &o.  A  ceruin  writing  ia 
form  of  a  bull,  from  Rome,  has  come  to  our 
knowledge  here }  but  as  the  exprcffions  and 
maxims  thereto  contained  could  not  proceed 
from  a  pontiff  fo  holy,  fo  enlightened  and  lb 
Otgadous,  as  is  the  prefent  reigning  pope,  the 
infant  duke  hath  ordered  all  his  fubjeAs  10 
believe  that  in  cfT^dt  this  piece  does  not  Come 
from  his  holincfsj  enjoioing  them,  at  the 
(ame  time,  not  to  fail  in  refpoft  towards  him; 
and  forbidding  ihem  to  moleft,  on  that  ac« 
count,  a<iy  of  the  fubje£U  of  the  court  of 
Ko{|ie.     (See  p.  120.) 

Geneva,  MarcK  1  j.  The  great  and  le^ 
couiuals  piefented  this  day  to  the  general 
council  a  plan  of  reconciUiatioo,  which  wai 
accepted  by  1104  voices  agaioft  iwentj- 
tbiee«  Tins  event  has  given  great  pleafure, 
as  it  opens  a  profped  of  trSiiquility  li»  lang 
wi/bed  lor  in  this  city. 

Paris,  Feb.  %%.  They  write  from  Cadis, 
that  the  orders  of  the  king  have  been  exe- 
cuted, v^ith  regard  to  the  jcfuita  of  t'aragoay, 
without  any  refinance  \  and  that  the  if»haM* 
tants,  who  were  thought  to  be  greatly  attach* 
ed  to  them,  made  not  the  lead  commo;ieo. 
and  only  iigaifitd  their  regret  on  account  of 
lofing  them.r 

The  king  halh  purchafed,  of  the  creditors 
of  i\\c  Jcfuits,  the  houf.*  of  the  rape  for 
ioo,»oo  crowns  i- and  their  habitations  for 
800,000. 


•^*  ff^<  cannot f  fnvt  our  mftfi-hitttm  imp^f 
tialitj,  refuft  the  inftrti«n  •ftbe  letter  from  tht 
0Mtb»r  a/  An  appeal,  &ff.  buf,  «  it  it  Jk  Urgt 
fw  bofe  he  xmll  txcnff  its  appearance  in  tv>i  or 
three  months  running  The  piece  frsm  Amanda^ 
and  wtany  otberi  m  proCe  and  ^>erfty  roctivrd 
front  tar  gtnerout  corrtfpoodeotSy  loi/l  bovf  a, 
place  as  Jeon  as  pifjpbk :  fVe  never  ntgleS  tbetr 
fanfttrtf  but  fir  ft  come,  or  fen/porary  pixrSt 
drA  fctved.  The  lifts  for  Mttcb,  Wiif  bt  <«• 
ftrted  in  9ur  nixt* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


The  London  Magazine. 


GENT  LE  man's  Monthly  Intelligencer  ; 
For       APRIL,     1768. 


Anecdotes  of  John  Wilkes,  Efq;  171 
Eogroffing  a  very  ancient  Pra£^ice  172 
Ltffs  againft  Riots  and  Rioters  1 7  3»  1 74 
Remarks  on  a  late  Pcrformanca  175 
C^t  for  the  Cholic  io  Horfes  176 

Tke  Hillory  of  the  lalt  Sefiion  af  Par- 
liament, &c.  &c.  177-*! So 
State  of  the  Controverfy  with  The  Au- 
thor of  The  Appeal,  &c»   iSo**iS2 
Remarks  on  the  Pump- Water  of  Lon- 
don 9nd  on  the  Methods  of  procur- 
ing the  pureft  Water         iSz— 186 
Obrervation?  on  didiUed  Water       i86 
Court   of    Mecklenburg- Streiitz    de* 
'.  v.-  »  187,   188 
Remarks  on  the  Trade  of  the  Coiony: 
of  Mai&cbafeftt^s  Bay,  'compiirea 
with  its  Trade  in  169s 
Fifth  Letter  frbni  RoufTeiu 
Blenheim  Houle  defc^ibed 
With  its  Paintints 

Deicriptioli  of  Wilton- HoufCi  iti  St'al 

tuei.  Sec.  ^  195 

A  few  approTed  Prcfcriptions       .  1^7 

Do  the   controverted  Text  in  Ephe- 

fiani  '  198 


i88--^Z92 
191 

194. 


A  Rebuke  of  the  Men,  by  a  Lady    199 
Cafe  of  the  Divine  Legation  a 00 

On  Romans  viii.  19.  201 

A  Queftion  folved  ibid. 

Cafe  of  the  Duke  of  Portland,  &c.  10 1 

— .zd6 
Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V,  106  —  210 

Poetical  Essays  211 — 215 

Wilkes's  Letter  to  the  King  a  i  3 

Letter  from  Oxford  214. 

Maxims,  by  a  Gentleman  ibid. 

Impartial  Hiftary  of  Lord  Baltimore's 
Trial  for  a  Rape  215—210 

An  Impartial    Review  of  New   Publi- 
cations -20 

l^rieflSey*!  Principles  of  Government 

Rife  of  the  Italian  Opera  222 

Inoon^ftencies  of  Baretti  223 

The  Monthly  CwRCNOLOGEit  224. 
Marriages  and  Births  $  Deaths  22S 
Ecclefiaiiical  Preferments  ibid. 

promotions  civil  and  military  ibid. 
B-nkr-pts;  courfe  of  Exchange  ibid. 
Foreign  Affairs  167 

Stocks,  Grain;  Wind  and  Weather  170 


WITH 

A    PORTRAIT  of  the   CELEBRATED  Mr.  WILKES, 
iineiy  engrared,  from  an  Original  Paintings 

AND 

A  View  of  Dr.  BAi^t y's  elegant  Hon fe  and  G^ardens,  at  Twickenham, 

LOBTD-OM:   Printed  fbrR.  BAtmviN-,  atNo.  47,  in  Patcr-nofterRow  J 

Of  whooi  may  be  had,  compleat  Sets,    from  the  Year  173?,  to  this  Time,  neatly  bound  of 

ftitched,  or  any  Angle  Moiith  to  complete  Sets. 


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THE 


London    Magazine, 

For     APRIL,     1768. 


Wnt  ¥^^^  ^  ^^  ^^^^  given  our 

C  ♦  *>a|^  J  readers  a  portrait  of 
'*-^*-*jj^-*  Mr.  Wilkes,  it  will 
A  TQ  becxpeftedwefhould 
V%  accompany  it  with 
"m  fome  anecdotes  of 
WW  ^^**  extraordinary 
^^^  pcrfonage,  which  we 
do,  as  briefly  as  poflibTe,  referring 
to  the  volumes  of  the  London  Maga- 
dfie,  where  the  particulars  may  be 
kufid  at  large. 

^  JOHN  WLLKES,  Efq;  late  member 
U  parliament  for  Aylelbury,  in  Buck- 
bgbamfliire,  the  reputed  author  of  the 
North-Briton,  No.  45,  publilhed  on  Sa- 
torday,  April  23,  1763,  was  taken  into 
cD&ody  on  the  30th  of  that  month,  and 
all  hii  papers  (eized,  by  a  warrant  under 
i^t  hand  and  feal  of  the  Earl  of  Halli- 
fax,  one  of  the  fccrctaries  of  ftate,  di- 
rtied to  four  of  his  majefty's  meffen- 
^rs :  btreupon  a  motion  being  made 
n  the  Court  of  Common-Pleas,  then 
fitting  in  Wcftminfter-Hall,  for  that 
^pw,  an  habeas  corpus  was  granted, 
tet  could  not  be  fued  out  till  four  in 
^afternoon  of  May  1,  and,  though 
tins  known  fuch  a  writ  was  granted, 
Mr.  Wilkes  was  fent  to  the  Tower, 
»idioiit  being  permitted  to  fee  any  of 
ta  friends  that  might  attend  upon  him 
hatt  who  were  feveral  times  repulfed 
&  xhetr  applications.  On  May  3,  in 
^  aoming,  upon  a  fecond  habeas 
irp«f,  the  return  of  the  firft  being 
ufioent,  Mr.  Wilkes  was  brought 
^  to  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
(^ere  he  made  a  fpirited  and  fenfible 
pefth»  ^tiog  forth  the  hard  (hips  he 
adiofered,  and  the  cafe  being  learn- 
dy  argued  by  eminent  ferjeants  at 
Mr,  both  on  the  fide  of  the  crown  and 
heprilbner»  the  court  took  till  Friday 
Ibf  4y  to  confider  the  cafe  and  give 
heMpimon,  remanding  Mr.  Wilkes, 
manae,  to  the  Tower.  On  the 
ift  mentioned  day  he  was  again 
sAfoty  1768. 

f  Sti  Londt  Mag. 


brought  up  to  the  court,  which  he 
addreflcd^in  a  fecond  fpeech,  in  which 
he  obfcrved,  that  "  the  liberty  of  all 
peers  and  gentlemen,  and  what  touches 
me  more  fenfibly,  that  of  all  the.mid- 
dling  and  inferior  clafs  of  people, 
who  ftand  mod  in  need  of  piote6(ion, 
is,  in  his  cafe,  to  be  that  day  finally  • 
decided  upon  ;  A  qusftion  of  fuch 
importance,  as  to  determine  at  once, 
whether  Englifh  liberty  be  a  reality 
or  a  fhadow."  Then  the  Lord  Chief 
Jullice,  Sir  Charles  Pratt  (the  pre- 
fent  Lord  Chancellor)  ftated  the 
matter  in  queftion,  and  pronounced 
Mr.  Wilkes^s  commitment,  was  not 
illegal }  but  that  his  privilege  of  a 
member  of  parliament  was  not  de- 
ftroyed,  as  he  was  not  charged  with 
treafon,  felony,  or  breach  of  the 
peace  5  therefore  the  court  ordered 
him  to  be  difcharged,  on  account  of 
his  privilege  :  Hereupon  Mr.  Wilkes 
again  addrcfled  the  court,  returned 
his  thanks  for  their  upright  decifion, 
and  was  attended  to  his  houfe  in  Great 
Gcorge-ftrect,  by  an  infinite  multitude 
of  people,  with  univerfal  acclamations. 
He,  that  very  night,  wrote  to  the  fe- 
cretaries  of  ftate.  demanding  his  Jiolen 
goodsf  which  he  faid,  he  was  informed 
were  in  their  lordlhips  poflcfiion,  and 
nexf  morning  applied  for  a  warrant  to 
fearch  their  houfes,  which  was  refufed 
him.  Receiving  an  anfwer  from  the 
fee retaries  of  ftate,  which  was  not  fa- 
tisfaftory,  he  made  a  bold  and  fting- 
ing  reply.  Whilft  he  was  in  the 
Tower,  on  May  4,  he  was  difmifTed 
from  his  poft  of  colonel  of  the  Buck- 
inghamftiire  militia,  and  befo/e  the 
end  of  the  term  an  information  was 
filed  in  the  court  of  King's  Bench,  at 
the  king's  fuit,  againft  him,  as  author 
of  theaforefaid  North-Briton,  No.  45*. 
We  muft  now  obfervc  that  at  the  meet- 
ingof  the  parliament,  the  paper  inii- 
tled  The  North  Briton,  No.  4Si  w«« 
Y  «  refolvcd 

1763,  /.  %^i^%^f 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


AmcdoUs  of  Mp,  Wilkef. 


refolved  to  be  a  falfe,  fcandaloui,  and 
fedittous  libel,  &c.  and  it  was  ordered 
to  be  burnt  by  the  hands  of  the  com- 
mon-hanjgman  •  :  Notwithftanding 
which  Mr.  Wilkes  complained  to  the 
houfe  of  a  breach  of  the  privilege  of 
that  houfe,  by  the  imprifonmentof  his 
perfon,  the  plundering  of  his  houfe, 
the  feizing  of  his  papers,  and  the  ferv- 
ing  him  with  a  lubpcena,  upon  an  in- 
formatioi^  in  the  court  of  King's 
Bench  i  but,  the  houfe  refolved  "  that 
privilege  of  parliament  does  not  ex- 
tend to  the  cafe  of  writing  and  pub- 
lifhine^  leditious  libels,  nor  oueht  to 
be  alTowed  to  obftru^  the  ordinary 
courfe  of  the  laws,  in  the  fpjcedy  and 
cffeflual  proljccution  of  fo  heinous  and 
dangerous  an  offence :"  Mean  time, 
on  Nov  i6,  Mr.  Wilkes  was  wounded 
5n  a  duel  by  Mr.  Martin  f,  whereup- 
on his  phjrficians  attending  the  houfe 
and  certifying  liis  then  hn^uifhing 
Itate,  the  order  for  his  attending  the 
houfe  ?vas  put  off  to  Dec.  16,  antl,  up- 
on further  rcprefcntations,  to  the  19th 
of  January  1764.,  before  which  time 
Mr.  Wilkes  had  retired  into  France, 
and  on  th^  faid  day,  he  was  expelled 
the  hou^e  and  a  new  writ  ordered  for 
the  cledtion  of  a  meniber  for  Aylef- 
bury,  in  his  room.  On  Feb.  19,  1764., 
he  was  found  guilty,  at  the  court  of 
king's- Bench,  for  the  republication  of 
the  North-Briton,  No.  4.5,  with  notes, 
and  for  printing  and  publilhing  the£/^ 
fay  on  Woman  \  j  but  had  obtained  be- 
fore, viz  on  Dec.  6,  1763,  a  verdift 
againft  Mr.  Wood,  late  undcr-fecrc- 
t  try  of  ftnte,  with  ipool.  damages,  for 
feizing  his  papers,  &c.  when  the  lord 
chief  juftic6  gave  his  opinion  that  gt'- 
rural  ^warrants  were  illegal.  Mr. 
Wilkes  alfo  brought  a^ons  againft 
Lord  H — ,  the  furviving  fecretary  of 
itate,  but  being  outlaived,  about  the 
clofeof  the  year  i764>  that  noble  lord 
made  ufe  of'^  the  plea  of  his  being  an 
outlaw,  to  ftop  proceedings  §.    Under 


April 


this  ftate  of  outlawry,  Mr.  Wilkei 
has  refided  in  France,  and  oUier  coun- 
tries, an  exile;  from  his  native  ikies, 
fupported,  it  is  faid,  by  the  contribu- 
tions of  hisfriend.>  in  England,  divid- 
ing his  time  between  ftudy  and  plea- 
fure,  which,  the  remembrance  of  hi] 
many  perils  from  m — 1  revenge,  the 
defperation  of  a  Forbes,    the  lunac) 

of  a  Dun,    and  the  wounds  of  , 

had  not  the  power  to  dcftroy  his  rdift 
for :  Two  or  three  tiqies,  )ie  is  faidj 
upon  delufive  hopes  of  pardon,  t< 
have  vifited  London,  and  at  Icngtk 
has  had  the  boldnefs,  though  dill  ar 
outlaw,  to  put  up  as  a  candidate  a 
the  general  eleftion  for  the  city  o 
London,  the  fate  of  which  is  wcl 
known;  and  for  the  coi|jlty  of  Mid 
dlefcx,  for  which  he  was  elected  bi 
a  great  majority.  Whatever  his  fat 
may  be,  and  however  feyerely  hi 
enemies  may  arraign  his  private  fail 
ings,  it  will  never,  can  never  be  dc 
nied,  that  his  fteady  oppofiiion  to  ille 
gal  general  warrants,  has  been,  ani 
ever  will  be  of  lafting  benefit  to  th 
fubje6ls  of  this  kingdom  j  that,  if  he  i 
not  virtuous,  he  is  a  lover  of  i&irtue 
and  a  friend  to  the  civil  and  religion 
Liberties  of  mankind  5  which  wc  hav 
no  doubt  of  his  difplaying  upon  all  f\i 
ture  occafions,  if  he  (hould  fit  in  t\i 
Houfe  of  Conimons  g. 

To  i(fe  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDO] 
MAGAZINE* 
SIR. 

LOOJCING  over  lately  our  excellei 
EngU<b  hiftorian  Matthew  t*ari 
I  obferved  ^  paifage  in  him,  wbic 
(hews  that  engroffin^xz  7^  very  anciei 
pra^ice.  I  vH\\\  give  yoi;  a  ^rrinila^io 
of  it,  and  place  a  copy  of  the  origin 
at  the  bottom  4.  Anno  12  j8,  *«  Wb^ 
there  was  fqch  a  fami^^e  as  had  be< 
hardly  ever  heard  of,  fo  that  mai 
pcrilhed  with  hunger,  and  a  feam,  i 
hor^-ioady  of  whea^  vyas  (btid  for  nil 

♦  SuLond,  Mag.  1764,  p,  187,  f^feq\  337,  9 fitji    f  See^tio^  1763,  Jt.  6iS^ 
X  Sfi  dittOi  p.  613,  644,  646.        ^  See  dtitOi  i7^>  P*  ^^^*  aSy. 
II  See  tbe  Cbronologer  $f  the  lafi  and  the  prefeni  month. 

4-  Cum  fames  Ugrueret  inaudita,  ita  ut  mgkt  iufmftipjis  eontabefcent^s  vtBrer^ 
iur,  tt  fumma  frumenti  Londmt  novem  *vel  amptiuj  foliiis  'vemiereiHr,  afplicHem 
ibidem  de  partibus  iranfmarinis^  proeurante  rege  Alemoffmce  Ruhar^^  circii 
quinquaginta  naves  magn^,  enttfta  frumento^  hordeo^  et  pane :  ^  auhmatM^H 
edi^a  regio,  ne  ahquis  civium  LonMnenfitim  de  blado  Hh  ediquid  emeret  ad  rtpemi, 
dum  in  Comer  am  ^  ut  indigentibus  carius  et  po/fnianiibust  fecundum  fuam  confusim 
nem<t  'vendti  ent,  Sl^a  infames  babebantur  diSi  cs>vsSf .  quod  in  tempore  carij 
ii^ves  <wdualibus  onufias  vel  fubdoU  a*verterent,  *velinfolidum  em^rent^  ut 
flacitwn  eorum  ea  vfmkpM  p(ifiiuk^t^us.    Mat.  Parisj  cd»  1640,  p.  963. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


LiPJos  agatnfl  Riati, 


>7J 


iiifluin  or  more  at  London,  ther«  ar^ 
rived  m  that  port  from  beyond  Tea,  by 
Iht  procurement  of  Richard,  king  of 
the  Romans,  [fecond  (on  to  King 
John,  and  brother  to  King  Henry  III,] 
aboat  fifty  large  vefi'eU  laden  with 
wheat,  barley,  and  bread :  and  the 
king  iiTued  out  a  proclamation,  that 
none  of  the  citizens  of  London  (houid 
boy  any  •f  that  corn  to  hoard  and 
lay  up,  in  order  to  feil  it  dearer  to 
the  poor,  and  fuch  as  defired  it,  ar- 
arMng  to  ibeir  cuflom  For  the  faid  ci- 
tizens were  accounted  infamous,  be- 
aufe  that  in  time  of  dearth  they  ci- 
tb^  deceitfully  kept  back  (hips  loaded 
with  viauals,  or  bought  up  their  car- 
goes, to  fell  them  ag^in  at  their  plea- 
fere  to  fuch  as  required  it." 

re     tbt    PRINTER,    He. 
S  I  R, 

I  Happened  to  be  out  of  town  at  the 
time  of  the  fcandalous  riots  and  ex- 
cefe  which  followed  immediately  after 
the  Middle/ex  election  ;  but  I  have 
been  very  attentive  to  the  feveral  pub- 
Ijcations  whiah  have  fmce  appeared  in 
3«mrs  and  the  other  papers  on  that 
liib)eA,  both  condemning  and  defend- 
ing the  violent  proceedings  of  Mr. 
W--S  and  \i\%  abettors,  in  which  I  ob- 
fervc  much  cen?ure  lias  been  thown  on 
the  K — 's  principal  minifters  of  ftate 
for  being  abfcni  at  that  time,  when 
aii  good  government  feems  to  have 
been  loft  in  riot  and  confufion.  I 
heartily  wifh  in  common  with  every 

good  fubjea,     that   his  m y  may 

ahrays  be  furroundcd  with  able  and 
fiithfu)  miniAcrs,  who  may  keep 
t^try  thing  difagreeable  far  away  from 
the  amiable  prince  who  now  reigns 
o?cr  us }  but  at  the  fame  time  I  hope 
that  no  fuch  idea  will  ever  be  propa- 
gated or  eftahlifhed  as  that  theft  ciiiea 
arefubje^  to  anarchy  or  pillage,  when- 
ever  ihe  firft  lord  of  the  treasury  or 
principal  fecretaries  of  ftate  happen  to 

be  in  the  country.     Proper  magiftrates  -    ^>  -  „ 

are  appointed  for  theadminiftrationof    prfon,  feeing  ot*ers  aauatty  engaged 
pifticc,  and  due  keeping  of  the  peacej     in  a  riot,    ftiali    join  them  and  aifift 


la*Wt  wheii  they  are  tnfbnned  of  ^juf 
breach  ot  the  peace,  to  ofe  their  vlU 
moft  endeavours  to  apprehend  and 
bring  the  offenders  to  jufticei  And 
yet,  as  far  as  I  have  been  infcpned, 
not  one  magiftrate  had  the  fpirit  to 
exert  the  very  great  powers  which  the 
law  has  armed  them  with  to  quell 
fuoh  tumultuous  aflemblies.  It  haa 
been  matter  of  ft  ill  greater  furprize  to 
me  that  after  thev  may  be  fuppofed  to 
have  recovered  from  the  panic  into 
which  they  perhaps  were  thrown  by 
the  fuddennefs  of  the  danger,  they 
have  not  had  the  goodnefs  to  warn 
all  good  fubje^ts  from  the  hazarda 
they  run  by  beginning  or  abetting  any 
violences  of  the  like  kind  with  thote 
which  have  fo  lately  difgraced  the  po- 
lice of  thefe  cities.  Having  now 
waited  a  coniiderable  time  without  my 
expe^ations  being  anfwerf  d  in  this  re* 
fpe6t,  though  very  unequal  to  the  un- 
dertaking, I  have  ventured,  upon 
a  principle  of  humanity,  to  reduce  in- 
to  one  view  what  I  underitand  to  ba 
pojitiui  la<iu  againft  fuch  proceedings^ 
for  which  I  have  not  thouj^ht  it  necef- 
fary  to  quqte  ray  authorities,  as  the 
fources  from  whencelhave  drawn  thena 
are  i'o  well  known.  I  make  no  doubt 
but  if  you  iiifert  the  inclofed,  and  it 
fhould  be  deemed  ufeful  informatioa^ 
that  it  will  be  transcribed  into  the 
other  public  papers  for  the  fake  of  all 
his  majefty's  good  fubje^s,  and  ae 
fuch  i  conclude  myfelf 
Na  la>ajugf4r,  km  a  Refpe6ler  ofiU  Lawe 
as  tbi  faumiiatiott  aadfecmritif  9fidl 
True  LiBaaxT* 


A  RIOT  ta  where  three  or 
perfonsbeing  afTembled  together, 
do  fome  unlawful  af^  of  a  private  na- 
ture by  force  and  violence  to  the 
difturbance  of  the  peace  \  and  thou^ 
tliey  fiiouid  affemble  together  at  MS' 
in  a  peaceable  manner,  yet  if  they  af- 
terwards do  fome  deliberate  riotoiia 
a^,  this  is  a  riqi9Ui  afimbfy^  and  if  any 


and  if  the  k— 's  m'lniltcrs  had  been 
h*re,  unlefs  they  bad  been  Included  in 
the  number  of  ikofe  magifeate*  with- 
in the  precindts  where  the  riots  hap- 
pened, they  cuuld  have  been  of  very 
Gttle  ufe.  It  is  the  doty  of  the  (heriff, 
of  the  Jttftices  of  the  peace,  and  eycn 
«f  every  conilablc,  as  mimjicrs  of  tbi 


in  a-        . 

them  therein,  b^  U  as  much  a  riotfr  ao 
if  he  had  at  ^(1  aifembled  with  them 
to  that  intent,  nor  (haU  his  preUndtstg 
thai  be  came  imtoceMtfy  into  their  com-^ 
pany  a^a'il  him  :  Woaaeo  alfb  may  bd 
punifhed  as  rioters. 

The  flierifF  and  iufticea  of  the  peaco 
of  any  county,   or  any  om  of  them» 

kavinx 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'A  fdlutary  Caution. 


17+       . 

havipg  notice  of  a  riot,  muft  endea- 
'  vour  to  rtmove  it,  and  ma>  call  out 
the  pO'TVir  of  tbi  county ,  if  need  be,  to 
fuppreft  it,  and  (hall  apprehend  the  of- 
fendenu  ^^^  P"^  t^^^ii  i>^  prifon  till 
delivered  according  to  law. 

By  the  common  law  rioters  are  pu- 
niihable  by  fine  and  imprifonme/it,  or  by 
the  ■pillory.  But  by  the  Stat.  i.  Geo. 
I.  it  is  ena^ed,  that  ifanjf  perfons,  to 
the  number  of  twelve  or  more,  unlaw- 
fully and  riotoufly  ailcmbled  againft 
the  peace,  being  required  by  a  juftice 
of  the  peace,  or  any  other  magtftrate 
by proaamat'um  in  tbt  king's  nanUf  to 
dilperfe  themfelves,  fhali  neverthehfs 
continue  together  an  hour  afterwards, 
tbtyjball  be  guilty  of  felony  nvitbout  benefit 
of  clergy :  .And  perfons  thus  afTembled 
and  continuing  together  are  to  be  ap- 
prehended and  carried  before  a  juftice 
of  the  peace  ;  and  if  in  reiiftance  the 
rioters  are  kilUdy  the  perfons  concerned 
in  it  fball  be  indemnified,  Alfo  by  ano- 
ther claufe  in  the  fame  ftatute  it  is 
enadted,  that  \^any  perfons,  being  rio- 
toufly a^embled  together,  ihall  demo- 
lifh  or  pull  down,  or  begin  to  demo- 
lifli  or  pull  down  any  boufe^  &c.  tbey 
fkfidl  fuffer  death  as  in  cafes  of  felony 
nvitiiut  benefit  of  clergy, 

Jiaving  ftated  the  beavy  punifhment 
infti^ed  both  by  the  common  and  fta- 
tute  law  on  all  diilurbers  of  the  pub- 
lic peace,  and  on  thofe  who  mix  or 
join  thcnifclves  to  fuch  riotous  afl'em- 
blies,  however  innocent  their  inten- 
tions nuy  be,  I  hope  it  will  be  a  cau- 
tion to  every  one  of  his  majcfty's  liege 
fubjeds  to  follow  thfeir  feveral  occupa- 
tions quietly,  and  not  to  put  them- 
ielves  m  hazard  of  an  infamous'  and 
premature  death,  by  committing  fuch 
enormities  as  only  ferve  to  difgrace 
our  happy  conftitution  and  govern- 
ment ^  and  on  this  occaiion  I  cannot 
help  obferving,  thatthe  principal  foun- 
dation of  Mr.  W— kes's  defence 
againft  general  warrants  was,  that 
every  man's  boufe  it  bis  cafile^  in  which, 
under  the  protection  of  the  law,  he  is 
fecure  from  any  iofult  or  abufe  what- 
ever i  and  yet  tbofe  people,  who,  with 
the  name  of,  IVilies  andLibertjf  in  their 
mouths,  put  fo  many  of  their  fellow- 
fubje^s  in  fear  by  attacking  tbeir  boufeSf 
and  compelling  them  to  put  out  lights 
contrary  to  their  inclinations  j  thofe  very 
people,  by  fuch  violences,  were  guilty 
of  dL^remttr  brtacb  of  tlut  fecurit/ 


April 

which  we  claini  under  the  law,  than 
what  was  extrcifed  upon  Mr.  Wilkct 
by  virtue  of  the  general  nvarranti, 
which  are  now  held  in  fuch  general 
abhorrence. 

As  I  have  already  (hewn  the  penal- 
ties incurred  by  thofe  who  have  beem 
or  may  be  guilty  of  any  fuch  riqts  or 
tumults,  fo  I  think  it  may  not  be  im* 
proper  to  inltruft  thofe  who  may  be 
well  difpofed  to  fupport  the  laws,  and 
under  them  to  provide  for  their  own 
fecurity  ;  that  upon  the  great  pnnci« 
pie,  that  every  man's  houfe  is  his  caf. 
tie.  Lord  Coke  has  laid  it  down  to  be 
poiitive  law,  that  any  man  may  ufc 
force  to  defend  his  own  houfe,  and  may 
aflemble  his  neighbours  and  friends  to 
keep  it  again/l  thofe  who  come  to  rob 
or  kill  him,  or  to  offer. him  any  *violen€g 
therein  contrary  to  law  j  and  in  eafter- 
term,  in  the  39th  year  of  the  glonoui 
reign  of  S^ueen  ElivMbeth  it  was  refolved 
by  all  the  judges,  that  not  only  every 
juftice  of  the  peace,  (beriff,  and  other 
peace  officer,  but  euery  other  fubjeS 
of  the  king,  may  arm  themfelves  torc- 
iiil  riots,  rebellions,  or  public  difturb- 
ers  of  the  peace  and  quiet  of  the  realm  | 
but  the  judges  there  recommended  it, 
as  the  more  difcretc  way,  for  every  one 
in  fuch  cafe,  to  attend  and  be  aflif- 
tant  to  the  juftices,  flierilf,  or  other 
peace  officers  in  doing  it. 

All  thefe  laws  are  {q  plain,  that  they 
require  neither  explanation  nor  obfer* 
vation  to  be  made  on  them  :  I  fliall 
therefore  conclude,  with  my  iincere 
wiflies,  that  every  honed  man  may, 
like  the  good  Samaritan,  confider 
himfelfas  a  neighbour  to,  and  readily 
go  to  the  aflillance  of,  any  man  he 
may  fee  in  danger  or  diHrefs;  and 
that  all  the  other  magiftrates  (taking 
example  from  the  worthy  gentiemant 
who,  for  the  fionour  of  the  city,  now 
prefides  in  chief  there)  may  on  anj^  fu- 
ture occafion  exert  themfelves  with  a 
fpirit  becoming  their  ftations,  well 
knowing  that  in  fo  doing  they  have  a 
right  to  command  the  power  of  the 
county  to  their  aid  and  afliilance  ;  and 
let  all  rioters  confider  into  what  a  mi- 
ferable  fituation  tliey  bring  themfelves^ 
for  if,  in  refinance  they  are  killed,  the 
perfons  concerned  therein  are  indem- 
nified  by  law ;  and  if  they  furvive,  and 
are  discovered,  tbey  are  fure  of  being 
bangedp  even  for  the  ii*ft  offence. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.  Remarks  on  a  late  Ptrfdrtmince^ 


trs 


r§  tU  AUTHOR   of  tbi  LONDOK 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

IN  the  reign  of  Edward  VI.  George 
Van  Parre,  a  Dutchman,  bein^ 
oonvided  of  faying,  that  God  the  Father 
noas  the  only  Gody  and  that  Cbrifl  *was 
met  the  'very  God,  was  dealt  with  to  ab- 
|UFe,  but  perilling  in  this  belief,  was 
condemned  and  burnt  in  Smithfield,  in 
April,   1551. 

Biihop  Burnet  relates,  **  that,  the 
man  had  led  a  very  exemplary  life, 
for  fafting,  devotion,  and  a  good  con- 
verfatton.  Thefe  things,  he  farther 
remarks,  (i.  e.  burning  fuch  men  to 
death)  calt  a  great  blemifli  on  the  re- 
formers :  It  was  faid,  they  condemned 
cnielty  only  when  a6led  on  themfelves, 
bat  were  ready  to  practice  it,  when 
tbey  had  power.  The  papifts  made 
great  ufe  of  this  in  the  next  (Queen 
Mary's)  reign.  And  what  Archbilhop 
Cranmer  and  Bilhop  Ridley  (authors 
of  Van  Parrels  puniQiment)  fuffercd  in 
ber  time,  was  thought  a  jufl  retalia- 
tioB  upon  them  by  that  wife  provi- 
dence, that  difpofcs  all  things  juftly  to 
ill  men/*  So  far  this  wife,  and  up- 
right prelate. 

And  fuch  I  doubt  not  is  the  fcnti- 
Bent  of  every  impartial  perfon,  that 
theie  two  bifhops,  however  worthy  in 
ether  refpe^ls,  defcrved  the  ci-uel  fate 
they  met  with,  tor  their  barbarity  to 
one  who  diflrred  no  more  from  them 
than  they  differed  from  their  popi(h 
perfecutors. 

Not  tfb  fays  a  modern  proteftant  di^ 
vine,  Mr.  Gloceftcr  Ridley,  the  late 
biographer  of  Bi(hop  Ridley,  who  thus 
praifes  the  bi(hop  for  this  cruel  deed, 
for  which  the  divine  jullice  feemed  juft- 
ly to  have  overtaken  him  ;  **  The  like 
Katence  (of  burning)  was  executed 
upon  George  Van  Parre,  a  Dutchman, 
for  denying  the  divinity  of  our  Savi- 
our ;  Bifhop  Ridley  being  a  com- 
mifiioner,  and  figning  the  fentence  of 
excommunication.  Mild  and  gentle 
as  his  nature  was  to  every  modeft  en- 
quirer, though  in  error,  he  would 
jM>t  br^k  the  laws  in  being  in  indul- 
gence to  ohftinate  blafphemers.'*  Biftiop 
Ridley's  Life,  p.  166. 

Such  is  the  humanity  of  ihh  life- 
wrirer,  to  ilile  a  man  an  obltinate 
blafphemer,  after  fuch  a  t^llimony  as 
Bui^oet  gives  tp  his  moral  cbara^eri 


and  Aich  his  merciful  chriihm  temper 
as  not  only  to  give  his  (lamp  of  appro- 
bation to  the  bilhop's  burning  of  this 
man,  but  moreover  to  intimate,. that 
were  the  law  for  burning  heretics  ia 
forcfc,  he  would  put  them  in  execution 
againft  fuch  modeft  inquirers,  as  Vaii 
Parre,  and  this,  readei(,  at  a  time, 
when  by  means  of  the  invaluable  wri- 
tings of  Dr.  Samuel  Clarke,  and  the 
careful  fearch  of  the  holy  fcripturcs 
which  he  puts  men  upon,  all  the 
thinking  part,  both  of  clergy  and 
laity,  throughout  the  Britifh  domi- 
nions, are  fully  perfuaded  that  God  the 
Father  is  the  one  only  God,  and  Jefus  . 
Chrift,  a  divine  prophet,  fent  by  him 
to  teach  his  will,  and  the  way  to  life 
eternal. 

Had  Mr.  Glocefter  RidJ«y  been  en- 
lightened with  the  pure  light  of  the 
gofpel  truth,  or  infpired  with  its  bene- 
volent fpint,  he  would  have  frankly 
owned  the  bifhop^s  great  crime,  but 
would  b«vc  ofl^red,  at  he  might  have 
offered,  fome  things  to  extenuate  his 
guilt,  though  none  to  clear  him }  as, 
that  he  was  not  yet  purified  from  the 
malignant  errors  ot  the  chiurch  of 
Rome,  in  which  he  was  educated,,  and 
in  which  fuch  barbarous  proceedings  a- 
gainft  heretics,  continue  canonized  to 
this  day ;  that  it  was  the  error  of  the 
times,  and  almoft  all  thcfirft  reform- 
ers ;  and  that  Calvin,  for  an  herefy 
of  the  very  fame  fort,  hunted  after 
the  1)lood  of  the  learned,  unhappy 
.Servetus,  till  he  brought  him  at  laftto 
die  at  a  ftakc. 

One  is  concerned  to  fee  the  charac- 
ter of  this  bifhop,  fair  and  anriable  as 
it  is  upon  the  whole,  fo  much  injured 
by  the  prejudiced  reprefentations  of 
this  writer,  who  has  equipped  him 
throughout  with  his  own  intolerant 
high-church  notions,  not  attending, 
that  the  bifliop,  though  bred  ap  in 
them,  had  quitted  them  himfelf.before 
he  left  the  world.  His  adverfity  had 
brought  him  to  a  better  mind,  and 
his  converfations  with  his  fcllow-pri- 
foner,  Bifhop  Latimer,  had  opened 
and  enlarged  his  charity  for  thofe  that 
diffented  trom  him. 

I  fhall  produce  you,  fir,  two  in- 
ftances  of  this,  in  that  curious  confc- 
jence  which  thefe  bifhops  held  toge» 
ther  in  their  prifon  a  little  before  thsir 
deaxh,  in  wliicb  the  piety^  humility. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^yS  Curtfn  tht  Cb$Uc  in  tiorfesl 

and  great  ^ility  of  Bifbop  RidkjF 
cannot  be  too  much  •comfDtmled. 

And  I  (ball  msikc  mj  ^ocstions 
from  •  Mr.  Glocefter  Rfdley*t  «^rk» 
which  lies  open  before  nie« 

Page  459.  Rid1ey>  iitcamber^  %ri(fi 
liii  pre)iidicet  concerning  the  unity  of 
tbechurchr  ai  to  be  retained  by  M 
meant,  and  necefikry  to  faivation  \  and 
advancing,  that  the  feA  of  the  Aral- 
baptiftf,  and  herefy  of  the  NoVatitni^ 
dttght  of  ri{^ht  to  be  <:ondeittned,  for - 
aikiuch  ai  without  any  Jaft  or  nece^ry^ 
^anfei  they  wickediy  (eparated  then^ 
Privet  from  the  cottifiiunjoii  of  the  con- 
gregation* 

Latimer  thui  mildly  anfwen,  and 
gaarde  hmi  arainlk  taking  upon  YAta 
to  cenAire  fuch  as  icparate  from  bis 
-communion^  by  (hewing  how  fndfy  it 
miglM  be  turned  again (fc  htnrfeH.  >■■  ■■ 
**  The  name  of  peace  &•  beaatifuly  and 
the  opinion  of  unky  is  fair,  bot  who 
dflUbtetbthat  to  be  the  true  artd  only 
tpeaceof  the  churchy  which  if  Chrift'#»** 
-*^St.  Paul  when  he  requireth  unity, 
lie  joined  freight  withal,  metmrdii^  $q 
ftfm  Chijf.  Rooi  xr.^  mr  farther.  Di<l> 
trephee  (i,  #.  crafty  Gardiner)  did 
now  of  late  ever  harp  upon  unity,  wii- 
ty.  Yea,  (ir,  quoth  1,  but  in  verify, 
OotUi  |H»|ttry.  Better  it  a  divtrfiey, 
thaa  aa  unity  in  poptry. 

Page  4.79.  When  Jtfdt^,  ftill  ham- 
pered with  church-aatherity,  was  for 
acqaiefidng  in  coiuiaaia^  the  (arm. of 
baptifniF  in  Latin,  but  wi(hingit  might 
•be  otherwife.  Latimer  thus  repiiatj 
**  Where  you  fay  I  would  withj  furety 
I  wauld  wiAi  that  yoa  had  fpoken 
more  vehemently,   and  to  have  fitid 


April 

.  repeated  experience.  Dr.  Cook*t  x>b. 
fervation  is  good,  when  he  favs  all  hot 
medicines  are  inflammatory irod  ftlfou. 
lating,  and  therefore  again  ft  the  na. 
ture  of  the  di(ea(b ;  for  when  a  hotCe 
comes  to  me  bating  bimfelf  and  foil 
of  pain^  and  the  men  about  htm  hf  ve 
been  giving  him  ^n,  or  any  hot  (pi- 
rits,  and  the  horfe  is  ao  better,  he  then 
.ftands  a  bad  chance.. 

Dr.  Mead  on  poifont,  Dr.  ToneeaAd 
Dr.  Youtfg  on  opiutii,  all  tell  u^  that 
it  is  the  beft  or  worft  laedicioe  in  prat* 
tict}  for  I  think  opiuroi  in  fcMte 
farriers  hands,  would  be  Hke  a  fwofd 
in  a  madman's  t  but,  given  in  a  pro- 
per manner,  with  camptior,  its  corrac- 
ter,  it  will  fave  many  a  hor(e*r  life» 
when  racked  with  pain  upon  matiy  ao- 

COMItf. 

When  a  horfi  falla  ill  of  the  choHt, 
take  t^o  or  three  quarts  of  biood 
from  the  neck,  and  give  him  cffrra- 
vrayleadai  bay  berries,  ginaer,  fal^- 
ptftia,  an  la  powder,  and  Cafttfe  fojra, 
of  each  ma.  ounces  Bates's  anodyne 
baMmif  two  ounces  {  if  it  cannot  be 
goC,  tiii6tura  thebatca,  one  ounce  ;  if 
tor  a  high  ftd  horfe,  give  it  in  a  bint 
of  warm  water,  but  if  a  poor  horfe  kk 
aie  or  porter.^-  ■  ■■  If  the  horfe >  no 
betteir  in  two  hovn  f}vt  him  tUii  ball  t 
Take  powder  of  ginger  and  CafHIe 
foap  oJF  each  an  ounce ;  aloes  aind 
camphor,  of  each  two  drams )  opiurtk, 
onedram^  make  them  into  a  bail  in* 
a  mortar,  and  wa(h  it  do^n  with 'a 
little  warm  water.  Give  the  .horfe  ;a 
peafy  defter  of  three^  or  four  qtiarta 
sa  qaantitv,  and  le€  him  have  a  roonfy 
phtte,  and  ftraw  enough  to*  tumble  in  , 
that  it  is  of  aeccility,  that  aU  things   .which   I    find  much   better  thea  |a 


in  the  congregation  (houkl  be  done  m 
the  vulgar  tongue,  for  the  edlMng  and 
^om^tof  thtm  thaC  are  pre(«arr 

But  I  muft  not,  at  one  time,  engrofs 
too  much'  roooir  in  yonr  Suable  iVpo- 
£tocy.    I  am,  Sir, 

Your  obliged  humble  iin-^nt, 
PxoaB  fjHOLp, 

«^  Oi  AUTliOR  ^  thg  LOVDOSa 
M/LGAZINE. 
SIR,    Mancbdhsr, Aprili^,f76a. 

A 8  in  your  feift  Mfigaeine  ifbe  in- 
eeniooslDr.  Cook'  gives  the  pub- 
lidc  fomething  upon  die  cholinto  in 
botiktr  and  there  orders  crud^  opium 
aridioiit  a  cprr^^toi:,  I  here  (bad  yom 
a^.  pra^ice  in  ohilinate  choiifi,  fi  om 


much  trotting  about,  which  is  com* 
mom*  ■  T  I  If  the  horfe  is  no  htfttbr 
an  four  hours,^  give  a  Dafty's  boctttf  in 
a  quart  of  ftrong  beer,  warm^  With 
two  ounces  6f  Caftile^  foap'  cut  fmali 
into  it,  and  repeat  the  clyfter ;  offer 
him  warm  water  often,  and  keepi^flti 


AS  Dr.  Bany's  hdufe  at  Twicfcen- 
'  ham  h  looked  tipon  by  pcrtSita 
of  judgment  to  be  extremely  ddighl- 
fiil  feV  itic  arcliite^re,  (ituatiofr,  and 
pro(j|)e^,  we  have  been  induced  to  gfvift, 
thiv  fiftonchr  tlie  annexied  view  th^eredl^ 
forthcrgmtfficeiloa  af  ai^readeiav  a 


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The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  SefTion  of  Parliament,  tSc. 

Tee  Hj/loty  of  the  Seffion  of  Parliament  <wHch  be^an  Nov.  ii,  1766,  being  the  fixth 
Zefim  of  the  Tivelfth  Parliament  ^'Great-Britrin,  ivitb  an  Account  of  all  the  ma^ 
ttrial  ^eftiOHS  therein  determined ,  and  of  the  Political  DiJ^utes  thereby  occafioned 
'wiiboMt  Doors.     Continued  from  /.  69. 


THOUGH  I  have  already  given 
an  abftra^lofall  the  a6ts  paflcd 
in  this  feffion  for  fumifhing  the  fup- 
pijes,  it  vkill  be  proper  here  to  obferve, 
mat  while  the  laft  mentioned  bill  for 
potting  the  cuftoms  in  America  under 
the  management  of  commiflioners  refi- 
ding  there,  was  in  agitation,  the  com- 
mittee of  ways  and  means  were,  on 
the  firft  of  June,  directed  to  confider 
of  proper  methods  for  raiding  a  revc- 
Bae  in  the  Britifh  colonies  in  America, 
for  makin|^  a  more  certain  and  ade- 
quate provifion  for  the  charge  of  the 
adminiftration  of  juftice,  and  the  fup- 
port  of  civil  government,  and  defray- 
ing the  expence  of  defending,  protect- 
ing, and  lecuring,  the  faid  colonies. 
The  next  day  Mr.  Paterfon  reported 
from  the  committee  of  the  whole 
honfe,  among  many  other  articles  of 
a  more  general  nature,  the  following : 
I.  That  upoa  the  exportation  from 
(bis  kis^dom  of  coffee  and  cocoa,  of 
the  Britifh  plantations  in  America,  a 
drawback  be  allowed  of  the  duties  of 
cuioms  payable  on  their  importation. 
To  this  regulation,  which  was  evi- 
dently intended  for  the  advantage 
of  the  colonies,  by  incrcaflng  the 
confumption  of  their  commodities  in 
Ecrope,  were  added  other  articles, 
which  had  an  immediate  relation  to 
the  fubfed  in  debate,  viz.  «.  That 
the  drawbacks  payable  on  China 
earthen-ware  exported  to  America,  be 
di(cootinued.  3.  That  4s.  8d.  Iter, 
ling  ^  hundred  weight  be  laid  on  all 
crown,  plate,  flint,  and  white  glafs  j 
and  Ts.  xd.  per  hundred  upoi)  all  green 
Sla6  imported  into  thofe  colonies  and 
pUntitions.  4.  But  that  only  half  the 
doties  hitherto  payed  on  pafteboards, 
millboards,  and  fcal^boards,  fhall  be 
QMr  piid  on  their  being  imported  into 
fHofe  colonies.  5.  That  as.  6d.  fterl- 
ing  per  hundred  weight  be  laid  upon 
^U  painters  colours  imported  into  thofe 
piantations;  nnd,  6.  That  3d.  ItcrU 
»«g  per  pound  be  laid  upon  all  tea 
imported  into  thofe  colonies. 

Thefe  refolutions  being  read,  it  was 
crUrtd  that  a  bill  fhoultl  be  prepared 

April,  1767. 


and  brought  in  by  Mr.  Chancellor  of 
the  Exchequer,  Mr.  Tho.  Townfliend, 
jun.  Mr.  Onflow,  Mr.  Piyfe  Campbell, 
Mr.  Attorney  General,  Mr.  Solicitor 
General,  and  Mr.  Cooper,  who  were 
alfo  inftrufted  to  iT»ake  provifion  in 
the  bill  for  more  effectually  preventing 
the  clandeftine  running  of  goods,  in 
the  BritiHi  colonies  and  plantations  of 
America.     On  the  10th  the  bill  was 

})refented  to  the  houfe  by  Mr.  Pater- 
bn,  under  the  title  of  A  bill  for  grant- 
ing certain  duties  in  the  Britifh  colo- 
nies and  plantations  in  America  i  for 
allowing  a  drawback  of  the  duties  of 
cuftoms  of  coffee  and  cocoa  nuts,  of 
the  produce  of  the  fiid  colonies 
Or  plantations,  and  for  difcontinu- 
ing  the  drawbacks  payable  on  China 
earthen* ware:  and  the  fame  was  re- 
ceived and  read  the  firft  time,  and 
ordered  to  be  read  a  fecond  time. 
Several  amendments  were  afterwards 
made  in  this  bill,  by  the  committee  of 
the  whole  houfe,  and  on  the  x6th  Mr. 
Paterfon  delivered  the  bill,  with  the 
amendments,  in  at  the  table,  where 
the  amendments  being  read  and  agreed 
to  by  the  houfe,  the  bill,  with  thofe 
amendments,  was  ordered  to  be  en- 
grofled.  It  pafTed  the  houfe  on  the 
18th,  when  Mr.  Paterfon  was  ordered 
to  carry  it  up  to  the  lords,  who  return- 
ed it  on  the  29th,  without  any  amend- 
ments, and  the  fame  day  it  received 
the  royal  nlTcnt. 

This  a^Sl",  however  well  intended, 
was  not  received  by  the  people  in 
America  in  (o  favourable  a  manner  as 
wasexpe6lcd,  from  its  appointing  that 
all  the  benefits  arifing  from  it  mould 
be  reaped  by  the  American  colonies  ; 
and  that  the  rcfidue  of  the  duties, 
after  defraying  the  expence  of  the  ad- 
miniftration of  juftice,  and  the  fupport 
of  civil  government,  fhould  be  paid 
into  the  Exchequer,  and  there  refcrved 
to  be,  from  time  to  ti^»c,  difpofed  of 
by  parliament,  towards  defraying  the 
neceflary  cxpences  of  dtfendin-^  thofe 
colonics.  Fond  of  that  liWrty  which 
they  confider  as  their  birthright  they 
cannot  eafily  be  brought  tc»  fuhmit  to 
Z  thofe 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 7?     The  History  of  the  lafi 

thofe  laws  which  they  have  no  (hare  in 
forming ;  hence  the  .people  of  New 
England  in  particular,  appear  doubly 
afTiduous  to  encourage  manufaftures 
among  themfelves,  and  to  avoid  pay- 
ing thefe  duties,  feem  refolved  to  have 
as  little  at  pofllble  from  their  mother 
country.  Their  minds  were  doubtieft 
imbittered,  by  the  proceedings  and 
refolutions  of  the  houfe  of  commons 
in  relation  to  the  colony  of  New  York, 
tarried  on  by  thofe  who  had  promoted 
the  (lamp  aa,  which  had  caufed  fuch 
commotions,  and  from  which  they 
bad  been  but  juft  happily  freed ;  refo- 
lutions which  they  mull  confider  at 
entirely  deftruflive  of  civil  liberty,  and 
rendering  their  charters  of  no  value. 
But  of  thefe  feyert  and  Jmgular  pro- 
ceedings, it  will  be  proper  to  give  a 
more  particular  account. 

A  committee  of  the  whole  hou(e 
having  feveral  times  had  under  eon(i- 
deration,  a  number  of  papers  that 
had  been  prefented  to  the  houfe  in 
this  feflfion  of  parliament  by  his  ma- 
jelly's  order,  relating  to  the  North- 
American  colonies,  Mr.  Fuller,*  on 
the  1 5th  of  May,  prefented  the  refo- 
lutions which  that  committee  bad  di- 
re£led  him  to  report  to  the  houfe  j 
thefe  he  read  in  his  place,  and  after- 
wards delivered  in  at  the  table,  where 
they  were  ac^ain  read,  and  are  as  fol- 
low :  id.  That  it  appears  to  this  com- 
nittee,  that  the  houfe  of  reprefenta« 
tivet  of  his  majeRy's  province  of  New 
York  have,  in  diredl  difobeditnce  of 
the  authority  of  Great  Britain,  refu- 
ied  to  make  provifion  for  fupplyiog 
with  neceiFaries  his  majefty^s  troops  in 
fuch  manner  as  is  required  by  an  a^ 
of  parliament  made  in  the  nfth  year 
of  his  majefty's  reign,  intitled.  An 
a6l  to  amend  and  render  more  effe^lu- 
ml,  in  his  majelly's  dominions  in  Ame- 
rica, an  a£l  paifed  in  this  prefent 
feflion  of  parliament,  intitled.  An  a6l 
for  punifhing  mutiny  and  defertion, 
and  for  the  better  payment  of  the  ar- 
my and  their  quarters,  idly.  That 
it  appears  to  this  committee  that  an 
a6l  of  aflembly  hath  been  pafled  in 
th'e  faid  province,  for  furnifhing  the 
burracks  in  the  cities  of  New  York 
and  Albany,  with  fire-wood,  candles, 
and  the  other  necefTaries  therein  men- 
tioned, for  hU  majclly's  forces,  in- 
confiftcnt  wiih  the  provifions,  and  in 
oppolition  to  the  dire^ions  of  the  faid 
4^ 


Seflion  ?/"  Parliament.      April 

a6l  of  parliament ;  and  fdl^,  That  it 
is  the  opinion  of  this  committee,  that 
until  provifion  fliall  have  been  made 
by  tha  faid  aflfembl]^,  for  furniftiinr 
the  king's  troops  with  all  the  necei- 
faries  required  by  the  faid  a£l  of  par- 
liament, the  governor,  council,  and 
aifembly  be  retpedively  reftrained  and 
prohibited  from  pading  or  afTenting 
to  any  adl  of  afTembly  for  any  other 
purpofe  whatfocver. 

The  firft  of  thefe  refolutions  being 
read  a  fecond  time,  a  motion  was 
made,^  that  the  abovementioned  a^, 
made  in  the  fifth  year  of  his  majefty's 
reign,  might  be  read,  which  being 
accordingly  done,  a  motion  was  made 
and  the  queilion  put,  that  the  faid  re- 
folution  be  committed.  Upon  this 
the  houle  was  moved,  that  the  fiwt  firft 
of  the  refolutions  which  upon  the  xoth 
of  February,  in  the  laft  feflion  of  par- 
liament, was  reported  from  the  com- 
mittee of  the  whole  houfe,  might  be 
read  i  which  being  agreed  to,  chey 
were  read  .accordingly,  and  are  as 
follow,  viz.  That  the  king*s  majefty, 
by  and  with  the  advice  ^ndconfent  of 
the  lords  fpiritual  and  temporal,  and 
commons  of  Great  Britain  in  parlia- 
ment aifembled,  had,  bath^  and  of 
right  ought  to  have  full  power  and 
authority  to  make  laws  and  (latutes  of 
fufHcient  force  and  validity,  to  bind 
the  colonies  and  people  of  America, 
fubje^ls  of  the  crown  of  Great  Britain, 
in  all  cafes  whatfocver^  That  tumults 
and  iofurre^lions  of  the  noft  dange- 
rous nature,  have  been  raifed  and 
carried  on  in  feveral  of  the  North  A- 
merican  colonies,  in  open  defiance  of 
the  powers  and  dignity  of  his  majef- 
ty^s  government,  and  in  manifeft  vi- 
olation of.the  laws,  and  legiflative  au- 
thority of  this  kingdom.  That  the 
faid  tumults  and  infujre6lions  have 
been  greatly  countenanced  and  infla- 
med bv  votes  and  refolutions  pafled  in 
feveral  of  the  affemblies  of  the  (aid 
provinces,  highly  injurious  to  the  ho- 
nour of  his  majeny^s  government,  and 
tendiog  to  deilroy  the  legal  and  con- 
ftitutional  dependency  of  the  faid  co- 
lonies on  the  imperial  crown  and  par- 
liament of  Great  Britain.  That  fuch 
perfons,  who,  on  account  of  the  de- 
fire  which  they  have  manifefted  to 
comply  with,  or  to  afiiil  in  carrying 
into  execution,  any  a£ls  of  the  legif- 
lature  •f  Great  Britain,  relating  to 

tiie 


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1768.    The  History  of  the  laft  Scflion  of  Parliament. 


theBritiih  colonies  !n  Nortb  Amcri* 
ci,havcfuiFcred  any  in  jury  or  damage, 
oogbt  to  have  full  and  ample  corapcn- 
lation  made  them  by  the  rerpcflive  co- 
lonics, in  which  fuch  injuries,  or  da- 
mages were  fuilained:  And  that  the 
boofe  be  moved  to  refolve  and  de- 
dare,  that  all  his  majefty's  fubjefts 
refiding  in  the  faid  eolonies,  who  have 
manifefted  their  defirc  to  comply  with, 
Of  to  aflift  in  carrying  into  execution, 
My  adi  of  the  legislature  of  Great- 
Britain,  relating  to  the  Britifh  coio- 
n'ttiin  North  America,  have  a6ted  as 
dutiful  and  loyal  fubjefts  5  and  arc 
therefore  intitled  to,  and  will  aflured- 
Ijrhave,  the  protc6Vton  of  the  houfe  of 
commons  of  Great  Britain. 

The  houfe  was  alfo  moved,  that  an 
ad  made  in  the  iixth  year  x>f  his  ma- 
jefty's  reign,  intitled.  An  aft  for  the 
better  (kuring  the  dependency  of  liif 
najefty'i  dominions  in  America,  upon 
the  crown  and  parliament  of  Great- 
Britain  might  be  read,  and  it  being 
read  accordingly,  the  firft  of  the  above 
reiblations  was  agreed  to  by  the  houfe, 
« were  alfo  the  two  fttbfequent  rcfo- 
Hnions  on  their  being  likewife  read 
a  fecond  time.  After  which  it  was 
wderedi  That  a  bill  be  brought  in 
upon  the  laft  of  the  faid  refolutions  \ 
and  that  Mr.  Fuller,  Mr.  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer,  Mr.  Thomas 
Town(hend,  junior,  Mr.  Onflow,  Mr. 
Fryfe  Campbell,  the  Lord  Clare,  the 
Lord  North,  Mr.  Attorney  General, 
Mr.  Solicitor  General,  Colonel  Barre, 
Mr.  Dyfon,  and  Mr.  Cooper,  do  pre- 
pare and  bring  in  the  fame. 

Immediately  after  a  motion  was 
made,  and  the  queftion  put,  that  for 
tte  better  fccuring  the  dependency  of 
^n  majeffy^s  dominions  in  America, 
vpon  the  crown  and  parliament  of 
Great  Britain,  all  perfons  within  his 
majefty'i  faid  dommiont,  who  fliall 
^  eledcd  or  appointed  governor, 
member  of  the  council,  general  af- 
^bly,  houfe  of  repiefentatives^ 
Gf  general  court,  of  any  province, 
within  the  fame;  and  alfo  all  other 
perfons  within  the  fame,  who  by  any 
charter,  aft  of  parliament,  or  pro- 
vincial law,  are  required  to  take  the 
^thsof  allegiance  and  abjuration,  be 
squired  to  fubfcribe  a  declaration, 
"  That  the  colonies  and  plantations  in 
America  arc,  and  of  right  ought  to 
^  fubordinate  unto,  and  dependent 


179 

upon,  the  imperial  crown  and  parlia- 
ment of  Great  Briuinj  and  that  the 
king's  Anajefty,  by  and  with  the  advice 
and  confent  of  the  lords  fpiritu^l  and 
temporal,  and  commons  ot  Great  Bri- 
tain, in  parliament  affembled,  had, 
hath,  and  of  right  ought  to  have  full 
power  and  authority  to  make  laws  and 
ftatutes  of  fufficient  force  and  validity 
to  bind  the  colonies,  and  people  of 
America,  fubjefts  of  the  crown  of 
Great  Britain,  in  all  cafes  wbatlbever." 
But  this  motion  which  was  direftly 
calculated  to  throw  all  North  America 
into  a  flame,  happily  pafled  in  the  ne^ 
gative.  It  was  however  refolved,  w- 
mitu  contradicente^  that  an  humble  ad- 
drefs  be  prefented  to  his  majefty,  that 
he  will  be  gracioufly  pleafed  to  confer 
fome  marks  of  his  royal  favour,  on 
thofe  governors,  and  officers  in  the 
feveral  colonies  who  diflinguiflied 
themfelves  by  their  zeal  and  fidelity 
in  fupporting  the  dignity  of  the  crown, 
the  juft  rights  of  parliament,  and  the 
fupreme  authority  of  Great  Britain 
over  the  colonies*  during  the  late  dif- 
turbances  in  America.  And  it  was 
ordered,  that  this  addrefs  fliould  be 
prefented  to  his  majefty,  by  thofe 
members  of  the  houfe  who  are  of  hit 
majefty*s  moft  honourable  privy  council* 
In  purfuance  of  tbefe  proceedings, 
on  the  tyth  of  May,  Mr.  Sollicitor 
General  prefented  to  the  houie,  a  bill 
for  reftraining  and  prohibiting  the  go- 
vernor, council,  and  houfe  of  repre- 
fentatives  of  the  province  of  New 
York,  from  pafling,  or  aflTenting  to 
any  aft  of  aflembly  for  any  other  pur- 
pofe,  until  proviflon  fliall  have  been 
made  by  the  faid  aflembly  for  furnifti- 
ing  the  king's  troops  with  all  the  ne- 
ceflaries  required  by  law.  This  bill 
was  then  read  a  firft  time,  on  the  firft 
of  June  it  was  read  a  fecond  time* 
On  the  nth  the  houfe  refolved  itfelf 
into  a  committee  of  the  whole  houfe 
upon  this  billi  being  previoufly  in- 
ftfufted  to  extend  the  above  prohibi- 
tion to  bills,  orders,  refolutions  or 
votes  of  either  houfe  of  the  afl'embly 
of  the  faid  province  of  New  York* 
After  ibme  time  Mr.  Speaker  refumed 
the  chair }  and  Mr.  Patcrfon  reported 
from  the  committee,  that  they  had 
gone  through  the  bill,  and  made  feve- 
ral amendments,  which  they  direfted 
him  to  report  when  t.he  houfe  would 
be  ready  to  receive  them.  The  next 
Z  %  day 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


l8o  ST>e  Atiiar  of  the  Ap j^gslVs      -    •        April 

Patcrfon  delivered   the  bill     fbroog  and  powerfql  argument,  which 

abfolutely  demolifhes  the  Achana6an 
do£lrine.  Let  it  be  carefully  obfcrv- 
cdf  that  an  attention  to  this  very  col- 
le^lign  of  texts,  had  been  particularly 
recommended  In  the  preface  to  the 
ferious  and  learned  defenders  of  tho 
AthanafiaRv  fcheme.  — — —  (See  Appeal, 
ad  edit.  p.  70—78  and   the  preface* 

P-  4-) 

a.  With  rerpe6t  to  thofe  important 
obfervations,  which  are  deduced  from 
all  the  texts  of  the  New  Teftament  re- 
lating to  religious  ^orfliip,  Mr.  Lan- 
don  by  his  filence  has  confirmed  ano- 
ther grand  article  of  the  unitaitai^ 
caufe,  by  which  the  Athana(ian  forms 
of  worfhip  are  effe^ually  overthrown, 
AS  hein^  found,  upon  an  impartial  ex- 
aminatK>n,  abfolutely  inconiitlent  with 
fcripture  forms.  (See  Appeal,  ad  edit, 
p.  84—112).  This  coUedion  .of  texts 
with  the  obfervations  naturally  arifing 
from  it,  had  been  likewife  recom- 
mended in  the  preface  to  the  condde- 
ration  of  the  learned  defenders  of  tb^ 
Athanafian  caufe.  I  continue  deeply 
convinced,  that  from  thcfe  two  large 
coUe^ions  of  texts  there  ^naturally 
arife  two  decifiye  fa6^«,  which  tftec- 
tuaUy  d^moliOi  the  Athanalian  Tri- 
nity. 

3.  In  the  Appeal  there  is  a  faithful 
account  fet  down  of  the  worftiip  of  the 

f)rimitive  cliurch,  as  dtlivercd  by  the 
earned  Origcn,  k  valuable  chiiftian 
of  the  fecond  and  third  century,  it 
being  of,  confeqiicnce  that  commoa 
chriitians  as  well  as  the  learned  (hould 
be  informed,  what  was  the  pra6lice  of 
thc*cl)uix:h  in  the  beft  and  pureft  ages, 
viz.  the  .firft  three  hundred  years, 
when  the  the  profcflion  of  chriftianiiy 
was  in  a  low  and  generally  a  pcrfecu^ 
ted  ftate,  before  the  converfion  of 
Condantine  the  firft  chrluian  emperor. 
Mr.  Landon  has  not  ventured  to,  con - 
tradi^  this  account,  the  obfervations 
deduced  from  it,  or  the  late  ir.troduc- 
tion  of  the  Athanafian  worfhip,  as  fet 
forth   in    the  Appeal.     (Sec  p*.  1x2— 

''5-)    .  .     . 

Again,  there  is  in  the  Appeal  a 
creed  of  Irenreus,  a  chriftian  bifliop 
of  the  fecond  century,  faithfully  trans- 
lated from  the  original  Gr^ek.  Mr. 
Landon  has  not  made  the  leal(  objec- 
tion to  the  authenticity  of  it,  or  the 
argument  dedticed  from  it.  This  pri- 
mitive creed,  and  the  Athanafian,  when 
coinj^arcd 


day   Mr 

with  th^ft  amcn'dments,  in  at  the  ta- 
ble, where  the  atnendments  being  read 
and  agreed  to  by  the  houfe,  the  bill, 
•with  the  amendments,  was  ordered  to 
be  engrolTed.  Oii  the  x  5th  this  bill  be- 
ing read  a  third  time,  was  6rdered  to 
be  carried  up  10  the  Houfe  of.  Lords, 
who  returned  it  on  the  30th  with  one 
amendment ;  but  this  being  then  read 
and  agreed  to  by  the  houfe,  ph  the  ad 
pf  July,  it  received  the  royal  aflcnt, 
(7%  A^  continued  in  our  next  J] 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  I^ONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  K, 

AS  the  worthy  and  ingenious  aur 
thor  of  the  Confeffional  is  called 
upon  in  your  ufcful  ^aganlne  for  the 
laft  month,  upon  my  account,*  s^s  rer 
farding  the  Appeal  to  the  common 
itvS'  oC  all  chriftian  people,  &c.  I 
nrke  no  doubt  of  your  inf^rting  the 
following  l!ute  of  the  cafe  in  anfwer 
to  the  confiVient  afiertJons  of  the  gen- 
tleman v^ho  figns\iimfelf  A.  B.  as  you 
profefs  rrn*);>ariiafity  vith  refpt^  to 
cohtitjverted  poin'ts  ;  which  I  Thall  fet 
forth  without  the  ufiial  ger^niony  of 
diredling  a  letter  to  him. 

1.  The  gentleman  afl'erts,  th^t  the 
Appeal"  has  been  anfwcred  by  Mr. 
Landon,"  ati  ingcijiious  clergyman  in 
Kent. 

Anf,  Mr.  Landon  indeed  publifhed 
a  trcatife,  intitled,  An  Anfwer  to  the 
Appeali  But  the  real  fa6l  is  this : 
Mr.  LJ^hdbn  has  not  giv^cn  a  direct 
anfwer  to  the  main  and  important 
points  infilled  upon  in  the  Appeal,  and 
on  Vv'hich  thiVold  controverfy  depends. 
An  induftion  of  particulars  will  fully 
prove  the  truth  of  this  afliertion. 

I.  Mr.  Landon  has  taken  no  notice 
of  the  collection  of  texts  (viz.  43.) 
wh^re  the  Father,  Son,  and  Holy 
Ghoft  arc  mentioned  together  j  which 
eolledlion  has  a  natural  tendency  to 
demonftrate  even  to  eye-fight  the 
falfehoods  of  the  Athanafiaii  creed  j  I 
fay,  demonlfrateln  the  ftrift  Tenfe  of 
the  word,  if  the  fcripture  be  admitted 
as  the  rule  of  faith.  There  is  like- 
wife  an  argument  in  the  Appeal  de- 
duced from  this  colle^ion  oi  texts 
compared  with  the  declarations  of  the 
Athanafian  creed,  which  is  pafTcd  over 
in  filence  by  Mr.  L'^ndo^;  and  therc- 
%  I  am   left  in  full  poflcfiioft  of  a 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


■  7^8- 


State  of  bis  Contrtverfy. 


|8i 


compared  together,  appear  as  con- 
trai7  to  each  other,  as  light  is  to 
darknefs.     (3ec  p.  117— 119). 

4.  There  is  a  great  number  of  paf- 
fages  colle^ed  in  the  Appeal  from  the 
Four  Gofpcls  and  the  Afts  of  the. 
Apoftles,  to  which  many  more  might 
have  been  added,  plainly  fetting  forth 
«hat  belief  was  deemed  at  thnt  time 
neceflary  to  entitle  converts  to  the  pri- 
vileges of  the  chriftian  covenant. There 
u  likewife  a  comparlfon  made  between 
the  faith  required  in  fcripture  to  make 
a  man  a  chriftian,  and  the  damnato- 
ry claufes  of  the  Athanafian  creed.  The 
ar^ment  drawn  from  this  comparifon, 
is  tully  confirmed  by  Mr.  I#andon*s  fi- 
lence. 

It  appears  froni  this  plain  ftate  of 
the  ca]e»    that  Mr.  Irandon  has  not 
giten  a  direct  anfwer  to  the  Appeal, 
but    rather    con6rmed    the    doiElrine 
tL:re  delivered,  as  he  has  not  attemj^t- 
cd  to  invalidate  the  main  and  eifentiat 
articles,  on  which  the  caufe  depends. 
Hos^cver  I  fent  a  reply  to  him,  in  a 
Inter  inferted  in  the  Univerfal  Mu- 
feum,    foon  after  the  publication  of 
bii  treatife,  viz.  ope  of  the  fummer 
months  in  1764;  and  referred  him  to 
tbe  defence  of  the  Appeal,  which,  as  he 
bad  never  feen,  I  got  tranfmitted  into 
his  hands:    I  obfcrved,   that   the  far 
greater  part  of  th^  texts,    which  he 
had  cited  and  laid  a  ftiefs  upon,  had 
heen   fully  accounted  for   in   the  de- 
fence.    He  rejoined  in  the  following 
month  to  ray  letter,  before  he  had  read 
the  defence,  and  made  only  fome  flight 
cxcu.^cs   for   not  taking  any  notice  of 
the  moil  cfl'ential  points  inculcated  in 
the  Appeal,  and  fo  has  left  me  in  .full 
polfcHion  of  the  main  arguments,  on 
which    the  caufe  is   founded.     I  had 
prepared  a  fecond  letter  for  him, which 
tbe  author   of  the  Univerfal  Mufeum 
refufed  to  infert,  as  it  was  an  old  cou- 
rroverfy  fufficicntly  difcuffed  already. 
But  as  my  defence  has  been   in  the 
hands  of  Mr.  Landon  ever  fincc  the 
year  1764,  and  I  have  heard  nothing 
from   him  all  this  time,    his  anfwer, 
which  probably  the  worthy  author  of 
rbe  Confeflional  never  faw,  does  not 
(ike  off  from  the  truth  of  the  obfer- 
vition  relating  to  tbe  Appeal  or  De- 
fence. 

ffoyyever,  Mr.  A.  B.  fecms  well  af- 
furcd,  if  Mr.  Landon's  anfwer  will 
not  Ao  the  bulinefs,  that  the  Appeal 
bis  been  nioie  effectually  anfwered  in 


the  very  London  Magazinf,  where 
this  confident  declaration  appears  in 
print;  and  likewife the  gentleman  ap- 
peals to  every  competent  judge  for 
the  truth  of  what  he  fays.  It  might  be 
fufficient  in  this  cafe  to  refer  the  rea- 
ders of  your  impartial  Magazine  to 
what  has  been  urged  o\\  both  fides,  as 
they  have  an  opportunity  of  judging 
for  themfelves  how  far  this  afTertion 
will  hold,  when  ftri^liy  examined.  But 
?t  may  not  be  improper  to  give  a  faith- 
ful acoount  of  this  controverfy,  as  it 
ftands  in  your  Magazine,  more  par- 
ticularly as  the  ingenious  author,  to 
whom  I  am  an  abfolute  ilranger,  has 
been  called  upon  for  the  favourable 
fentiments  he  has  expreiTed  of  the 
Appeal  and  Defence. 

A  gentleman,    who    figns    himfelf 
T.   I.  of  Mahlap,    began  with  con^ 
demning  mv  definition  oi  Perfon,  and 
likewife   Mr.  Landon*s.    I   defended 
my  defiiiition  of  Perfon,  as  agreeable 
to  common  fenfe,  and  the  fentiments 
of  the  moft  oonfiderable  writers,  forae 
learned    Athanafjans    not    excepted. 
How  far  my  definition  of  Perfon  it 
fupported  mufl  be  left  to  the  decifion 
of^  our  readers.     In   the  progrefs  of 
the  debate,  the  gentleman  appears  to 
hold  a  peculiar  notion  of  the  Trinity, 
which  I  never  met  with  in  any  modern 
writer,  viz.  that  the  Trinity  nieans  no 
more  than  three  diflinft  attributes  of 
the  Deity,  Infinite  Qoodnefs,  Wifdom, 
and  Power.     I  gave  a  particular  and 
diltinfV    anfwer    to   his   notion,    and 
pointed  out  the  abfurdity  of  it,  and 
likewifb  its  being  condemned  by  Uni- 
tarian and  Athanafian  writers.    Mr, 
T.  I.  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Brown,  takes 
no  notice  of  what  had  been  urged  to 
confute  his  notion,  only  contents  him- 
felf with  an  afTertion  without  the  leafl 
colour  of  proof,  that   it  was  little  or 
nothing  to  the  purpofe.     The  gentle- 
man  infills  upon  it,    that  the  Trini- 
tarians do  not  hold  that  the  Godhead 
confiils    of   three  diftin^l   intelligent 
agents,  hut  mentions  Athanafius  only, 
whofe  writings  1   profeflcd  not  to  be 
acquainted  with,  neither  did  I  think 
it  worth  my  while  te  examine  them 
for   this  purpofe.     But   I   conje^urc 
from  citations  taken  froni  the  works 
of  Athanaituf,  that  the  gentleman  is 
miflaken,    as  they  fsem   to  fhew  the 
dire£^  contrary  opinion,  viz.  that  the 
Deity    coniif^s    of    three    inteHigent 
agents  in  one  fubftano^.    Beiides,  it 

fecms 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Anfwer  to  T.  I. 


182 

fflems  higblv  improbable  that  Atha- 
nafius  fhould  differ  in  fentiment  from, 
I  tbink>  all  his  fucceHbrs  in  this  fa- 
mous queftion»  not  one  of  whom,  fo 
far  as  I  have  obferved,  holds  any  fuch 
opinion  as  the  gentleman  afcri'bes  to 
them.  The  Athanafian  forms  of  the 
church  of  England  necefTarily  imply, 
that  the  one  God  conilds  of  three  dif* 
find  inteiligentagents.TheAthanafian 
creed  declares,  that  there  is  one  Perfon 
of  the  Father,  another  of  the  Son,  and 
another  of  the  Holy  Ghoft:  and  that  the 
term,  Perfon,  was  intended  to  convey 
the  idea  of  intelligent  agent,  not  only 
appears  from  feveral  parts  of  the  creed 
itklf,  but  likewife  from  the  four  firfk 
petitions  bf  the  Litany,  it  being  infi- 
nitely abfurd  to  imagine,  that  (olemn 
prayers  (hould  be  offered  up  to  mere 
qualities,  and  not  to  intelligent  agents. 
Agreeably  to  this  fenfe  fome  Athana- 
fiui  writers  aArm,  that  three  intelli- 
gent agent  perfons  may  be  one  intelli- 
gent agent  being.  Mr.  T.  I.  in  his 
laft  letter  perfifts  in  maintaining,  by  af- 
lertions  onl^,  what  I  had  fully  confut- 
ed. Let  him  jtAtdi  on  the  abfurd ity 
of  fuppofing,  that  Bifhop  Pearfon 
Ihould  not  mean  by  the  term,  Perfon, 
intelligent  agent,  which  he  expreiTes 
by  inta)c6luai  fubfiftence,  when  he  la- 
bours to  prove  in  oppoiition  to  the 
lentiments  of  iomt  chnftians,  that  the 
Holy  Ghoft  is  not  a  quality  or  power, 
but  a  ^rfonf  as  the  Father  and  Son 
are  perfons,  or  intelligent  agents,  as 
the  whole  ftrain  of  his  reafoning  un- 
deniably demonflrates.  Surely  a  per* 
fon  hearine,  a  perfon  teftifying,  a  per- 
ibn  inflructing,  which  arc  the  BiDiop's 
exprefs  words  of  the  Holy  Spirit, 
muft  necefTarily  mean  an  intelligent 
agent.  See  Pearfon  on  the  Creed,  un- 
der the  article  of  the  Hol^  Ghod. 
Again,  Mr.  T.  L  allows,  that  my  re- 
ference to  Dr.  Waterland's  opinion, 
viz.  That  the  three  perfons  in  the 
Godhead  are  diflin^t  intelligent  agents, 
»  fupported  by  his  exprefs  words.  On 
the  other  band,  he  blames  me  for 
want  of  candour,  becaufe  I  take  no 
notice  of  a  contrary  declaration  of  the 
fame  learned  doctor,  who  quotes  with 
approbation  Hippolytus  for  faying» 
that  the  Son  is  the  >»?  war^oc  From 
whence  this  gentleman  infers,  that 
the  Father  confidered  as  an  individual 
perfon,  is  ayv ;  or  unintelligent.  I  am 
not  difpofed  to  make  any  doubt  of 


April 


the  fairnefs  of  this  citatToir,  but  pro* 
fefs  not  to  find  it  in  the  page  referred 
to  }  probabljr  the  page  is  mifprinted. 
But  admittmg  that  Dr.  Waterland 
cited  thefe  words  from  Hippolytus, 
they  do  not  contradict  the  Do^^or's 
profeffed  fentiment  of  the  word  Perfon, 
but  refer  to  an  obfcure  and  metaphy. 
^cal  notion  of  fome  of  the  fathers, 
who  held,  that  the  Word,  or  Son, 
was  originally  the  internal  reafbn  of 
the  Father )  and  that  this  reafon  be. 
came  adiftin^  begotten  perfon,  called 
the  Word,  or  Son,  having  life  inhim- 
felf.  The  Do6lor  cannot  be  fuppofed 
to  cite  the  words  of  Hippolytus  to 
overthrow  hii  own  profeffed  fentiment 
of  the  word,  Perfon.  From  what  has 
been  faid  it  appears,  that  my  authori- 
ties produced  to  fbew  the  opinion  of 
the  Athanafians  fiand  unfhaken,  to 
which^  if  neceflary,  might  be  added,  a 
*confiderabIe  lifl:  of  other  learned  Ath  A- 
nafians.  Upon  the  whole,  I  flatter 
myfelf  fo  far  as  to  think,  that  I  did 
not  mifunderftand  the  principle*  of 
the  Athanafians,  when  I  wrote  the 
Appeal ;  and  that  Mr.  T.  Ts  afKsrtions 
have  been  fufficiently  confuted.  What 
deferves  particular  notice  is,  that  this 
gentleman  has  not  fo  much  as  attempt- 
ed to  give  any  anfwer  either  to  the  in- 
terpretation of  the  texts,  or  the  doc- 
trine deduced  from  them,  in  the  Ap- 
peal. And  therefore  it  mufi  bo 
thought  \tvy  fnrprizing,  that  Mr.  A* 
B.  fhould  make  luch  a  confident  de. 
dai-ation,  viz.  That  the  Appeal  hat 
been  effe6lually  anfwered  in  your  Ma- 
gazine, it  being  ver^  plain  that  no 
writer  in  your  Magazine  has  ventured 
to  give  it  a  diredi  anfwer. 

[7f  be  concluded  in  our  next,] 

From  the  Tirft  Volume  ^Medical  Tranf- 
a£lions,  puhlifhed  by  the  College  of 
Phyficians  in  London^  nvbUb  eontetinr 
many  curious  and  interefling  Articles^ 
ive  /hall  feleBt  for  this  Month ,  one 
thai  feenu  to  be  ofgenered  Utility ^  viz. 

Remarks  on  the  Pump  Water  of  London , 
and  on  the  Methods  of  Mcuring  the 
purefl  Water,'  By  William  Hcbbcr- 
den,  Af.  D.  Feuotv  of  the  College  qf 
Phyficians^  and' of  the  Royal  Society, 

[Read  at  the 'College,  June  »»,  1767.] 

SEVERAL    pump-waters  which 
I   have   examined,    and  probably 
moftof  thenOi  contain  powder  of  lime* 

ftone^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 768.  Remarks  on  the  London  Pump-Water. 

ftone,  XDd  the  three  mineral  acids  of   boiled  in  it  turns  red» 
fea-ialt;    befides 


vitriol,  nitre,  and 
wbtcb  there  is  an  oilinefs,  which  dif- 
CBtonrs  tbde  waters,  giving  them  a  re- 
Bftarkably  yeUowifh  caft,  when  com* 
pared  with  pure  diftilled  water* 

The  fpirit  of  vitriol  changes  as 
nudi  of  the  lime- tone,  as  it  can  ia- 
titrate,  into  felenite;  the  other  two 
add  rpirits  difiblve  a  portion  of  the 
Ume-tofse,  and  make  it  intimately 
mix  with  the  water,  fo  as  not  to  be 
f<q>aratod  from  it  by  boiling  heat  j  but 
the  anneatralized  liine-  ^ne,  as  foon 
as  the  water  is  near  boilings  bejgins  to 
appear  like  a  white  powder,  and  era- 
doally  falls  down,  forming  a  cru$  i^ 
all  the  veflels  in  which  pump- water  is 
cof^buitly  boiled. 

The  pro|K>rtion  of  thefe  ingredients 
i|  noC  only  different  in  the  different 
#elbof  thst  city,  but  even  in  water 
of  the   fame  well  at  different  times. 
Without  troubling  the  college  with  a 
detail  of  all  my  examinations,  I  (hall 
only  obferve    in    general,    that  the 
groteft  quantity  of  all  of  them  toge- 
ther, which  I  have  ever  found,  has 
been  about  twenty  prrains  in  a  quart  of 
water,  and  theleaft  has  been  more  than 
4ea«  The  proportions  likewile  of  thefe 
Ingredients  to. one  another  vary  confi- 
dcrably  i    in  one  trial,   that  part  of 
the  lime-ftone,  which  is  uncombined 
with  any  of  the  acids,  appeared  to  be 
a  little  le(s  than  the  part  which  was 
united  with  them  $  but,  except  in  this 
ooeinftance,  I  have  conllantly  found 
the  quantity  of  lime-ftone  uncombined 
with  any  acid,  to  be  at  leaft  equal  to 
all  the  other  contents,  and  fometimes 
half  as  much  more  in  the  fame  weIJ» 
and  in  different  wells  to  be  double  or 
even  treUe  of  the  felenite  and  of  the 
nitroot  and  marine  falts^    Neither  is 
the  .quantity  of  the   acids  conftant : 
however,  that  of  the  vitriolic  is  ufu- 
allytbeleaft,  and  that  of  the  nitrous 
much  the  greateft.  To  as  to  be  always 
at  leaft  double,  and  fometimes  nearly 
treble  of  the  other  two. 

it  might  be  expeded,  that  all  thefe 
difagreeable  fubftances  (hould  remark- 
ably taint  this  water  j  and  yet  the  Lon- 
6tm  pomp- water  is  by  many  efteemed 
for  its  goodnefs  and  purity.  But  how- 
ever it  may  be  elleemed,  it  unquellion- 
ably  differs  from  pure  water  in  its 
tafte,  aod  colour,  and  touch,  as  well 
at  in  many  obfervable  effeds.    Flcih 


'8J 

on  account  of 
the  predominance  of  the  nitrous  acid  s 
and  it  occasions  in  a  ftrong  degree, 
all  the  other  well-known  changes  in 
certain  bodies  peculiar  to  hard  waters* 
Tea  and  colFee,  made  with  it,  are  by 
moft  palates  readily  diftlngulfhed  from 
thefe  liquors  when  made  with  foft  wa- 
ter :  And  the  difference  will  as  eafily 
be  perceived  by  the  touch,  if  the  handa 
be  wa(hed  in  pump  and  foft  water.  ' 

It  muft»  I  believe,  wholly  be  refolv- 
cd  into  the  power  of  cuftom,  that  the 
inhabitants  of  X^ondon  are  fo  fatisfied 
with  this  peculiar  tafte  of  their  water, 
which  is,  as  I  have  often  been  a  wit- 
ntiSf  much  complained  of,  by  thofe 
who  come  hither  from  foreign  coun«> 
tric5^  as  very  difagreeable  to  their  pa- 
lates, ai>d  fon^etimcs  as  offenfive  to 
Jtheir  ftomacbs.  Cuftom  makes  the 
Grecnlandcr  fond  pf  the  tafte  of  train« 
oil  i  and  its  power  is,  ^o  donbt,  at 
great  in  reconciling  the  drinkers  of 
bad  water  to  its  ill  tafte.  There  if  9 
town  in  North- America,  where  th^ 
fpring-water  is  brackiOi,  the  inhabi- 
tants of  which,  when  they  vifit  any 
of  the  other  provinces,  chufe  to  put 
fait  into  their  tea  or  punch,  in  orcfer, 
as  they  fay,  to  make  it  tafte  as  it  fliould 
do. 

But  though  cuftom  can  reooncile 
our  palates  to  the  tafte  of  lime-ftone, 
fpirit  of  vitriol,  fpirit  of  fait,  and 
aqua-fortis,  it  may  will  be  queftioned, 
whether  it  can  as  eafily  make  health 
confiftent  with  the  effcfts  of  thefe 
rough,  and  by  no  means  unaflive  fub- 
ftances. They  have  been  by  many 
phyficians  fufpeded,  when  found  in 
water,  of  occafioning  pains  in  the  fto- 
mach  and  bowels,  glandular  tumours, 
coftivenefs,  where  the  fimple  lime- 
ftone  prevails;  and  diarrhoeas,  where 
much  of  it  is  united  with  acids  j  and 
the  uninterrupted  drinking  of  fuch 
waters,  for  a  long  time,  may  probably 
be  the  caufe  of  many  other  diforders, 
efpecially  to  the  infirm,  and  to  chil- 
dren. Hence  a  change  of  place  may 
often  be  of  as  much  ufe  to  weak  per- 
fons  from  the  change  of  water,  as  of 
air. 

It  has  been  a  received  opinion,  that 
the  ufe  of  waters  much  impregnated 
with  lime  ftone,  or  any  ftony  matter, 
fubjeds  the  drmkers  to  the  ftone  or 
gravel;  but  whatever  other  mi  fchiefs 
thefe  waters  may  have  to  anfwer  for, 

they 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


184 


Methods  of 


thty  arc  Innocent  of  this.  For  the 
calculous  concretions  in  the  kidnies 
and  bladder,  are  all  of  an  animal  ori- 
gin, totally  differing  from  ail  fo/Tit 
Kones  in  every  thing,  except  the 
name:  and  the  pretrnded  experience 
of  the  effects  of  certain  llony  waters, 
in  breeding  the  done,  which  is  often 
appealed  to,  may  upon  the  beft  autho- 
rities be  rejc^cd  as  falfc  •• 
^  The  putting  of  alum  into  bread 
raifed  not  long  ago  a  general  alarm  in 
London,  and  it  was  thought  impor- 
tant enough  to  be  the  Iubjc6t  of  a 
parliamencary  enquiry.  Now  alum  is 
mquently  ufed  as  a  medicine,  upon  a 
fuppolition'  undoubtedly  of  its  mend- 
in?  the  health,  and  has  been  given 
daily,  for  a  long  time  together,  in 
greater  quantities  than  were  ever  fuf- 
pe6led  to  be  eaten  in  bread,  nor  did 
I  ever  yet  hear  of  any  ill  efFefls  from 
it.  There  is  no  reafon  which  I  know, 
for  believing  that  the  lime-ftonc  and 
inineral  acids  are  not  as  hurtful  as  a- 
Jum,  and  there  is  no  experience  to 
prove  them  fo  innocent ;  but  whoe- 
ver drinks  a  quart  of  London  pump- 
water  in  a  day,  may  poflibly  take 
twice  as  much  of  thefe  ingredients, 
dnd  will  always  take  more  than  the 
greateft  quantity  of  alum  which  is  faid 
to  have  been  ever  mixed  with  a  pound 
of  br«ad ;  into  which  I  have  been  al- 
fured  that  the  bakers  often  ufed  to 
put  lefs,  but  never  more,  than  nine 
grains. 

Some  obfcurc  notion  of  the  un- 
wholelbmenefs  of  pump-water  induces 
many  perfons  to  boil  it,  and  let  it 
ftana  to  grow  cold  ;  by  w^hich  it  will 
indeed  be  made  to  part  from  moft  of 
its  unncutralizcd  lime-ftone  and  fele- 
nite,  but,  at  the  fame  time,  it  will 
become  more  ftrongly  impregnated 
with  the  faline  matter,  and  therefore 
It  will  be  worfc. 

If  a  fmall  quantity  of  fait  of  tartar 
were  added  to  the  water,  it  would 
ieadily  precipitate  both  the  loo fc  lime- 
ilone,  and  likewire  that  which  is  uni- 
ted to  the  acids :  ten  or  fifteen  grains 
would  generally  be  enough  for  a  pint, 
but  the  exa^  proportion  would  readi- 
ly he  found,  by  continuing  to  add  it 
by  little  and  little,  till  it  ceafed  to  oc- 
talion  white  clouds.  This  is  an  eafy 
way,  not  o»ly  of  freeing  the  water 
from  its  lime-ftone,  but  alio  of  chang- 

•  Acad,  Roy  ale  ties  Scienc.  1700.  Hif. 


procuring    .  Aprrf 

ing  the  faline  part  into  nitre  and  fal 
fylvii,  both  which  wc  know  by  Ion? 
experience  to  be  innocent. 

but  the  beft  way  of  avoiding  the 
bad  cfFefts  of  pump- water  would  be, 
not  to  make  a  conftant  ufe  of  its  and 
in  a  place  fo  well  fupplicd  with  river 
water  as  London,  there  is  very  little 
neceffity  to  drink  oi  the  fpri  ngs, 
which,  in  fo  large  a  city,  befides  their 
natural  contents,  muft  colle6^  many 
additional  impurf ties  from  cellars,  bury- 
ing grounds,  common- fewcrs,  and  ma- 
ny other  offenfive  plac^,  with  which 
they  undoubtedly  often  communicate; 
fo  that  it  H  indeed  a  wonder,  that  we 
find  this  water  at  all  tolerable.  One 
fpring  in  this  city  never  fails  to  yield 
a  portion  of  volatile  alkali  in  diftilla- 
tion,  which  probably  is  owing  to  fome 
animal  fubftances,  with  which  it  is 
tainted  in  its  paflage  under  ground. 

The  Thames  water  has  a  (hare  of  aU 
thefe  impure  ingredients  :  but  as  it  it 
a  much  larger  body  of  water,  it  is 
proportion  ably  lefs  mfed^ed  by  them* 
It  is  obfervable,  that  all  the  river  wa- 

^  ter  of  England  is  foft,  though  moft  of 
the  fprings  afford  a  hard  water,  which 
will  not  grow  foft  by  being  expofed  to 
the  air,  or  by  time,  as  I  have  fonn<^ 
by  fome  which  I  had  kept  near  twenty 
years.  This  makes  it  probable,  that 
rivers  are  only  the  great  channels  by 
which  the  rain-water  is  immediately 
carried  off;  which  fo  greatly  exceeds 
in  quantity,  that  which  foaks  into  the 
ground  and  burfts  out  in  fprings,  that 
the  qualities  of  this  laft,  contradVed 
under  ground,  are  loft  and  annihilated 
in  the  much  ^rreatier  portion  of  pure 
rain-water,  with  which  it  is  mixed  in 
rivers. 

There  is  an  inconvenience  attending 
the  ufe  of  Thames  and  New  River  wa- 
ter, that  they  often  arc  very  muddy, 
or  tafte  very  ftrongly  of  the  weeds  and 
leaves.  The  latter  fault  is  not  eafily 
remedied  5  hut  they  would  foon  be 
freed  from  their  muddinefs,  if  kept 
fome  time  in  an  earthen  jar.  If  the 
water  given  to  very  young  children 
were  all  of  this  kind,  it  might  perhaps 
prevent  fome  of  their  bowel  diforders, 
and  fo  contribute  a  little  to  leftcn  that 
amazing  mortality  among  the  chil- 
dren  which  are  attempted  to  be 
brought  up  in  London. 

The  inhabitants  of  Egypt  think  the 

water 

/.  58.  Per  rank  yiiri^'vey  L  wit,  c,  5. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


PURE      WATER. 


»85 


water  of  the  Nile  fettles  fooner,  if  th^ 
bfidc  of  the  vcffcl,  in  which  they  let 
k  Sand,  be  rubbed  with  powdered  al- 
monds, which  is  therefore,  as  Profper 
Alpinus  *  tells  us,  their  con(lant  prac- 
tice. I  have  tried  thiS|  aiid  could  not 
find  it  of  any  ufe. 

Alam  is  very  fuccefsfully  ufed  by  the 
common  people  in  England  for  the 
purifying  of  muddy  water.  Two  or 
tnree  grains  of  it,  diffolved  in  a  quart 
of  thick  river  water,  makes  the  dirt 
very  foon  collet  into  flocks^'  and 
{ly*iy  precipitate.  Filtering  would 
immediately  make  the  water  fo  pre- 
pared lit  for  ufe.  The  very  fmall  pro- 
portion of  alum  will  hardly  be  fuppof- 
ed  to  make  the  water  uhlit  for  any 
common  purpofes. 

Rain  or  fnow-water  is  much  prefcr- 
iblc  to  river,  or  to  any  other  natural 
water  j  but  there  are  almoft  infupcra- 
ble  diHiculties  in  colledling  large  quan- 
tities for  comrnon  ufe,  without  its  be- 
ingas  mach  altered  ^nd  defiled,  by 
the  manner  of  faving  it,  as  it  is  when 
found  in  rivers. 

The  method  of  procuring  pure  wa- 
ter,  by  carriage  fiom  any  confiderable 
di^bnce,  will  always  be  attended  with 
fuch  an  ex  pence,  that  vtry  few  can  or 
will  make  ufe  of  it  even  for  the  little 
which  they  want  to  drink. 

The  pureil  of  all  watci-s  might  be 
oUained  by  didttlaiion  }  and  in  coun- 
tries were  fuel  is  cheap,  it  would  at 
ao  great  cxpence  fupply  thofe,  who 
have  the  worft  water,  with  far  better 
than  is  ufed  in  thofe  places  where  it 
i^  foppofed  toj^e  the  bed.  This  me- 
thod would  be  particularly  ufeful  in 
ibiac  Englini  feltlemenls  in  foreign 
countries,  where  the  waters  are  fo  bad, 
that,  while  our  countrymen  are  mak- 
ing their  fortune*,  they  are  ruining 
their  health  :  wh  ch  might  be  eft'ec- 
taally  remedied  by  the  means  here 
propofed. 

All  the  fircih  water,  with  which  na- 
ture fupplies  us,  is  indeed  only  dif* 
idled  by  the  heat  of  the  fun  ;  but  then 
the  vefiels,  as  I  may  fay,  ufed  in  this 
diftUIation,  are  not  always  fo  clean  and 
proper,  as  might  be  wiftied.  TJie  va- 
pors rife  up  thorough  an  atmofphere 
loaded  with  particles  from  all  forts  of 
ho6ie$^  and  the  rain  falls  down  tho- 
roagh  the  fame,  and  afterwards,  run- 
ning aleng  the  earth  or  finking  into 
jr,  dillblves  all  the  faline  matters  with 

April  1768, 


which  it  happens  to  meet,  and  by  theii^ 
means  many  other  fubflances;  by 
which  it  is  often  rendered  naufeous 
to  the  tafte  and  fmell,  and  apparently 
unfit  for  ufe.  Its  efFedls  frequently 
prove  it  to  be  impure,  though  the 
fenles  be  not  able  to  inform  us  of  it ; 
fo  that  experience  foon  taught  man- 
kind the  importance  of  an  attention  to 
their  health  in  this  particular :  and 
accordingly  the  oldeft  medical  writer 
is  very  full  in  his  dire^iions  for  the 
ch6ice  of  wholefome  waters  $  and  Vi- 
truvius  judged,  that  without  them 
even  a  book  of  archite^ure  would  be 
imperfedti 

It  being,  therefore^  a  matter  of  fome 
importance  to  drink  pure  water,  if 
any  one  be  defirous  of  procuring  it  by 
that  moft  efficacious  and  univerfally 
pra^icable  method  of  diftillation,  it 
may  be  ufeful  for  him  to  attend  to  the 
following  oSfervations.  I  the  rather 
mention  thefe,  as  it  is  a  very  defirable 
thing  to  have  pure  diftilled  water  kept 
in  the  apothecaries  Oiops,  for  the  pur- 
pofe  of  making  up  thofe  medicines, 
which  cannot  be  made  up  with  any 
other.  The  fimple  waters  of  the  (hops 
add  much  to^  the  naufeous  talte  of  many 
draughts,  without  at  all  improving 
their  virtues.  It  is  indeed  generally 
true  of  all  medicines,  that  they  will  be 
lefs  unpalatable  in  proportion  as  they 
are  mere  taft^efs. 

The  firft  rdnning  of  difttlled  water 
has  a  difagreeable  mufty  tafte,  as  if 
there  were  fomc  volatile  putrid  parti- 
cles, which  went  off  as  foon  as  the  wa- 
ter was  heated.  I  once  fufpedted  that 
this  wa^  owing  to  the  worm*s  having 
contracted  fome  mudinefs,  which  was 
wafhcd  off  by  the  firft  running;  but 
upon  trial  I  found  it  not  owing  to  this 
caufe.  This  tiiftc  is  not  taken  away^ 
and  does  not  fcem  to  be  much  lelTened, 
either  by  time,  or  ventilation,  or  by 
having  its  air  exhaufted  by  the  air- 
pump.  On  this  account,  if  the  ftill 
hold  twenty  gallons,  it  will  be  necef- 
fary  to  throw  away  the  firlt  gallon. 
All,  which  is  diftijled  afterwards, 
though  free  from  this  moftinefs,  will, 
yet  have  at  firft,  in  common  witht 
other  diltilled  liquors,  a  difagreeable; 
empyreumatic  or  *burnt  tafte.  'This 
is  cafily  diiringuiflied  by  every  palate 
in  frefh  d>(liii<:d  rum,  brandy,  fimple 
and  compounded  waters.  Tlie  purer 
the  water  is,   the  lefs  will  there  be  o^' 

A  a  this 


Df  Med.  Esjtt»  lib.u  c  10. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC' 


I86 


this  etnpyremnty  and  hence  perhaps 
it  happens,  that  pump-water  diftilled 
hu  more,  and  retain^  it  longer,  than 
what  is  difUlied  from  river- water* 
But  the  pureft  is  not  free,  fo  that 
even  diftilled  water,  which  has  ftood 
till  it  has  loft  -its  empyreuma,  will 
have  it  again  on  beine  re-diftilled. 

The  empyreuma  wul  so  oW  entirely 
hy  keeping,  and  this  is  we  eafieft  me- 
thod ot  getting  rid  of  it.  In  a  month  V 
time  it  will  generally  be  gone ;  but  if 
water  which  is  diftilled  on  the  fame 
day,  be  received  into  diflfcrent  bottlet» 
they  will  not  all  equally  lofe  the  em- 
pyreuma in  eaual  times.  This  diffe- 
rence depends  upon  fome  circum- 
Itances  in  the  management  of  the  dif- 
tillation,  which  farther  experience 
will  difcover,  but  which  I  have  not 
yet  found  out.  It  may  be,  that  the 
nre  being  greater,  and  the  water  boil- 
ing at  one  time  more  violently  than 
at  another,  may  occafion  this  inequa- 
lity of  empyreuma  in  the  feveral  par* 
eels  of  water  of  the  fame  diftillation  : 
for  water  diftilled  in  the  gentle  heat  of 
Balneum  Marias  has  remarkably  lefs. 

Another  method  of  freeing  diftilled 
water  from  its  burnt  tafte,  is  by  ven- 
tilating it  in  the  manner  described 
by  Dr.  Halef ,  by  which  moft  of  that 
tafte  will  be  carried  off  in  a  few  mi- 
nutes. 

The  boiling  of  diftilled  water  in  an 
open  vefTel,  will  inftantly  take  off  the 
empyreuma.  So  that  ^t  may,  as  foon 
as  it  IS  diftilled,  be  applied  to  any 
purpofes,  which  require  its  being 
boiled  in  an  open  veftel. 

Diftilled  water  muft  be  kept  in  per- 
feflly  clean  glafs  or  ftone  bottles,  with 
glafs  ftopples,  or  metal  covers,  and 
then,  having  in  it  no  prindple  of  cor- 
ruption, it  is  incapable  of  being 
fpoiled,  and  will  keep  juft  the  fame 
for  ever  s  but  the  leali  particle  of  any 
animal,  or  vegetable  fubftance,  wiU 
fpoil  a  great  quantity^  and  therefore 
the  ftill  and  bottles  ihould  be  kept 
wholly  for  thb  ufe. 

Moft  pomp-water  is  as  inca^ble  of 
changing,  and  of  being  fjpoiled  by 
keeping,  as  difUUed  water :  for  though 
It  be  loaded  with  various  foreign  par- 
tides,  yet  it  feldom  has  any,  or  at 
moft  but  a  fmall  proportion  of  a  vege- 
table or  animal  nature,  and  therefore 
It  wtU  alwayi  rtmato  tht  lame.  This 
5 


Ohfervatibns  eh  difiilUd  Heater. 


April 


property  of  )vater  is  not  fo  much  at* 
tended  to,  as  it  ou^ht  to  be,  by  fai* 
lors,  who  ufually  fupply  their  (hip» 
with  river- vrater  taken  up  near  great 
cities,  and  then  keep  it  in  wc^en 
cafksr  the  neceffary  confequence  is» 
that  it  foon  putrefies,  and  moft  pro- 
bably contributes  very  much  to  the 
occaiioning  of  thofe  putrid  diftempersp 
with  which  failors  are  fo  apt  to  be  af- 
flided.  Pump,  or  fpring  water,  would 
be  greatly  preferable;  and  if  thef 
couQl  keep  this  in  glafs  or  ftone  bot- 
tles, or  earthen  iars,  they  would  find 
it,  after  being  carried  round  the 
worid,  ^uft  the  fame  as  when  they  iet 
out. 

The  fupertor  purity  of  diftilled  wa- 
ter, above  all  others,  makes  it  eaiily 
diftinguifhable  from  them  by  a  va* 
riety  of  tefts,  The  tendereft  of  thefe 
is  fugar  of  lestd,  which  kiftantly  makea 
douds  in  the  pureft  of  all  other  waters^ 
but  makes  no  change  in  that  which 
hat  been  diftilled. 

It  is  generally  beKeved,  that  the 
fwelled  throat,  which  is  endemial  in  a 
flight  degree  in  feveral  parts  of  Eng- 
land, as  well  as  fo  remarkably  near 
the  Alps,  is  owing  (though  not  to 
fnow-water,  yet)  to  fome  bad  quality, 
of  the  waters  of  thefe  re fpe£tive places. 
I  have  reafon  to  fufpe^^,  that  the  conj* 
mon  fwellings  of  the  lymphatic  glands 
fometimes  owe  their  difeafed  ftate  to 
the  water,  which  the  patient  drinks. 
In  thefe  cafes,  as  well  as  in  many 
chronical  pains  of  the  ftomach  and 
bowels,  a  courfe  of  diftilled  water 
might  be  as  beneficial,  as  the  moft  ce- 
lebrated mineral  waters  are  in  any 
other  diiorders,  and  might  prove  no 
inconfiderable  addition  to  the  Mat^ri^ 
Medica. 

As  to  the  whotefomenefs  of  diftilled 
water  for  general  ufe,  there  can  hard- 
ly be  any  doubt  of  it,  if  we  recoiled 
that  all  the  frefh  water  in  the  world 
has  been  diftilled.  But  if  any  one 
think  there  may  a  difference  between 
natural  and  artificial  diftillation»  I 
need  only  quote  the  example  mention- 
ed, I  think,  by  Tourncfort  of  one 
Francis  Secardi  Hongo,  who  made 
diftilled  water  his  conftant  drink^ 
without  the  addition  of  wine,  or  any 
ftrong  liquor,  to  the  laft,  and  lived 
with  remarkably  good  health  to  tbd 
age  of  115  years. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 

IN  addition  to 
Kogcnft  Travels,  p.  126.  we  (hall 
BOW  gratify  our  readers  with  that  gen- 
Cleman't  reception  at,  ind  account 
of,  the  coort  of  Mcckf^ n  burgh -Stre- 
iitz.  After  telling  us  that  he  was  fet 
down  at  the  burgo-mafter  Strubtng*t 
boafe,  at  New  Strelitz,  he  proceeds 
Chttst 

^  Bnrgo-roafter  Stmbing  is  a  mer- 
chant yet  keeps  an  inn ;  he  is  a  maii 
of  a  good  behaviour,  and  anderftands 
his  biifinefs  ^try  well.  His  houfe  is 
reibrted  chiefly  by  fuch  gentlemen  as 
have  anjr  affairs  to  tranfa^  at  court. 
He  received  roe  civilly,  provided  mt 
wkh  a  good  fupper,  and  a  handfome 
apartment.  I  was  pleafed  to  hear  that 
baron  Dewitz  wm  at  Srrelitz,  and 
after  ijidiffinrent  chit-chat  with  my 
laadlord,  I  went  to  becL 

As  ibcm  as  I  had  breakfafted,  I  fent 
a  krvant  with  a  card  to  the  baron, 
Signifying  my  arrival  |  and  that,  if  it 
were  convenient,  I  intended  doing 
myieif  the  honour  to  wait  upon  him. 
Tkis  was  about  nine  o*clock.  The  ba- 
nm  ient  for  anfwer  he  ihoald  be  glad 
Coiee  mej  but,  dreiling  occafioning 
ienc  delay,  a  fervant  foon  after  came 
to  acquaint  roe,  that  baron  Dewitz  was 
obl^ed  to  wait  upon  his  ferene  high- 
otki  that  he  fliould  be  glad  to  fee  roe 
at  coort  between  twelve  and  one ;  that 
the  duke*s  coach  would  cone  and  take 
ae  op ;  and  that  the  marflul  of  the  court 
would  be  there  ready  to  prefent  roe  to 
their  Serene  highnefles.  Accordingly 
the  doke^s  coach  took  me  up  at  the 
time  appointed,  and  drove  directly  to 
the  palace.  Getting  out  of  the  coach 
I  feU  down,  but,  thank  God  !  received 
ao  great  harm.  One  of  the  officers 
condoled  me  to  the  marlhal's  apart« 
ment,  where  I  found  him  waiting  for 
ne:  after  the  ufual  compliments,  he 
tokl  me  he  bad  been  juft  reading  my 
h^tory,  and  was  pleafed  to  commend 
it.  The  marftial  does  not  fpeak  £ng- 
liAi,  but  underftands  it  pretty  well, 
and  it  coover(ant  in  moft  of  our  books 
of  polite  literature.  His  name  is  ZeC- 
terietb,  and  he  is  ftricken  in  years, 
bot  a  rtrj  fine  gentleman.  He  told 
me  that  baron  Dewitz  iiad  apprized 
the  duke  and  the  princels  of  my  co- 
ming, and,  if  I  pleafed,  he  would 
now  introduce  me.  I  could  not  avoid 
being  grcsktiy  fluttertd  with  fuch  po- 


Nugent'j  Reception  at  Strelitzl  1  ^7 

our  extrad  from  litenefs,  and  anfwered  him  I  was  ready 
to  pay  my  refpefts  to  their  ferene 
hfghneffes. 

We  then  afcended  a  great  ftaircafe, 
and  pafling  through  feveral  apartments^ 
where  I  faw  and  bowed  to  many  ladies 
and  gentlemen,  I  reached  the  anti* 
chamber}  and  was  apprized,  that 
their  ferene  highneiTcs  were  In  the  next 
^  apartment.  I  entered  with  the  mar- 
*  Ihal,  and  after  paying  my  obeifance, 
was  received  by  their  highnefTes  in  the 
moft  gracious  manner.  The  duke  was 
dreflcd  in  blue  velvet,  with  a  yellow 
fattin  waiftcoar,  white  filk  ftockin^s, 
diamond  buckles,  the  order  of  tne 
garter,  and  a  feathered  hat.  The 
princefs  was  in  a  clofe  habit  like  a 
riding-drefs,  with  the  enfigns  of  the 
Ruflian  order  of  St.  Catharine,  The 
converfatioB  was  (hort,  and  turned 
chiefly  about  the  queen  their  lifter  j 
that  they  expefled  every  moment  an 
exprefs  with  the  news  of  her  majeft}'« 
delivery :  and  that  all  preparations  had 
been  made  to  celebrate  the  happy  ti- 
dings. Accordingly  the  guns  were 
drawn  out  before  the  palace,  and  the 
fireworks  were  ready.  They  dropped 
fome  compliments  concerning  mv  hif- 
tory  I  and  told  me  they  hoped  I  (houlcf 
find  fome  amufement  at  Strelitz.  I 
then  returned  with  the  marflial  to  the 
anti-chamber,  where  I  found  baron 
Dewitz.  I  cannot  exprefs  the  pleafur^ 
I  felt  at  feeing  this  nobleman,  for 
whom  I  had  fo  profound  a  refpe^, 
firom  the  knowledge  I  had  of  his  moft 
amiable  qualities.  So  agreeable  a  fight, 
in  fuch  a  diftant  part  of  the  worlds 
cheared  my  heart,  and  infpired  me 
with  the  moft  lively  fentiments.  We 
had  not  time  to  converfe  much ;  the 
baron  only  told  me,  in  fliort,  that  fo 
long  as  I  chufed  to  ftay  at  Strelitz,  I 
was  to  dine  and  fup  at  his  highnefs*s 
table  i  that  he  expe^^ed  me  to  break- 
faft  always  with  himfelf ;  and  that  he 
fliould  be  glad  to  introduce  me  to  his 
lady,  having  altered  his  condition  fmce 
his  return  from  London.  I  had  been 
already  acquainted  by  count  dc  Both- 
mar,  that  the  baron  had  married  a  lady 
ofexquifite  beauty.  Jn  the  mrdft  of 
our  converfation  the  trumpet  founded, 
to  fignify  that  his  highnefs  was  going  to 
dinner. 

The  duke  and  the  princefs  his  fifter 

foon   after   appeared,    holding   each 

A  A  a  other 


•         Digitized  by  Google 


?88 


Court  of  Mecklenburgh-Strelitz. 


April 


Other  arm  in  arm,  feveral  ladies  fol- 
lowed, and  the  gentleipen  leading  up 
the  train,  they  all  entered  a  handiome 
faloon,    where  we   Taw  about  twenty 
coven.  Before  the  company  fat  down, 
the  marfhal  of  the  court,  with  one  of 
the  pages,  advanced  towards  the  ta- 
ble, while  the    reft    of  the  company 
flood  rouml :  the  page  faid  grace  with 
an  audible  voice,  and  then,  the  duke 
took  his  place :   the  princefs  his  fider 
fat  on  his  right  hand,  and  one  of  the 
court  ladies  on  his  left.     The  reft  fat 
down  to  table  without  any  di(lin6tion 
of   perfons.      Baron    Dewitz     placed 
himfelf  oppofite  the   duke  and  prin* 
cefs,  and  made  me  (it  next  to  him,  in 
order  to  have  the  opportunity  of  con- 
verfing  either   with    their    highnefics 
or  himfelf  with  more  eafe.     The  com- 
pany confided  chiefly  of  the  gentlemen 
of  the  bedchamber,  the  ladies  of  ho- 
nour, and  the  officers  on  guard.     Our 
entertainment  was  a  loup,  with  three 
courfes  and  a  defert.    Among  other 
varieties  there  was  excellent  venifon, 
of  which  they  have  great  plenty,   but 
they  do  not  fcem  to  be  over  lond  of 
it.     We  had  abundance  of  wines,  as 
French  white  wine,  claret,  old- hock, 
champagne,  and  burgundy ;  but  tlieir 
common  draught  is  the  iFrench  white 
vine,  which  when  of  a  proper  age, 
is  excellent  in  its  kind.     The  claret, 
"Vvhich  they  call  Pontac,  is  indifferent  j 
but  their  burgundy  is  very  good,  and 
J  gave  it  the  preference.     An  officer 
ilands  with  the  liquor  on  a  beaufet  in 
a  corner  of  the  hall,    where  he  fills 
out    to  the   fervants :    thefe  are   the 
pages,   heydukes,   footmen,   &c.  &c. 
who  Hand  behind  the  company,  and 
take  the  glafs  out  of  your  hand,  when- 
^vcr  you  prcfent  it  them  for  liquor. 
Some  of  the  gentlemen  in  waiting  al- 
v^ays  carve,    and  after  helping  their 
bighneffes,   they  fend  a  plateful  round 
to  each  of  the  company.    The  whole 
is  done  with  great  eafe,  and  difpatch. 
I  obferved  that  a  page  always  holds  a 
plate  under  the  duke's  glafs  whenever 
he  drinks.    No  healths  were  toaited; 
this  cuftom  being  laid  afide  at  great 
tables,  except  that    the  duke  drinks 
to  the   king  and  queen  of  Great-Bri- 
tain juft  betake  he  rifes  from  dinner. 
I  had  almolt  forgot  to  mention  to  you, 
that  we  had  very  good  beer    of   his 
bighnefs'^s  own  brewing,  which  comes 
{ron;  th^  nei^hbourmg  town  of  Mi* 


row,  where  her  majefty  was  born. 
There  was  alfo  fome  Englrlh  beer, 
which  the  duke  is  very  fond  of;  and 
he  has  it  in  bottles  from  Hamburg.  I 
reckon  that  dinner  lafted  about  an 
hour  and  half,  during  which  time  the 
whole  company  converfed  with  the 
greateft  freedom  and  hilarity.  Their 
lerene  highneffes  did  not  nt  at  th^ 
head,  but  in  the  middle  of  the  table. 
When  the  company  had  dined,  the 
duke  made  a  fignal,  and  they  all  arofe; 
The  fame  page  again,  with  the  mar- 
(hal  of  the  court,  drew  near  the  ta» 
ble,  and  returned  God  thanks,  when 
their  highnefVes,  arm  in  arm,  with- 
drew to  another  apartment.  They 
drank  coffee  ftandins,  which  waa 
(tT\ti\  by  the  pages  and  the  beyduket* 
Thus  they  converfed  near  half  an  hour, 
during  which  their  ferene  bighnefret 
and  the  ladies  afked  me  (everal  quef- 
tions  concerning  England.  In  about 
half  an  hour  their  highneifes  retired^ 
and  baron  Dewitz  introduced  me; 
firft  to  his  filler  and  the  ladies  of  ho- 
nour, and  then  to  mofV  of  the  officers 
belonging  to  the  court/* 

TbefoU(nmng  Remarks  up^n  the  ^rade  of 
the  Colony  ^  Malfachufet's  Bay  at  this 
day^  compared  lAfitb  Us  trade  tn  i6^%g 
from  liutcbinfonV  Hifiory  of  that  Co^ 
lony,  are  not  onfy  curious^  hut  <ver^ 
pertinent  at  this  'lime. 
*«  rTpHE  other  governments  of  New- 
A  England,  fixty  or  feventy  years 
ago,  imported  no  Englifh  goods,  or 
next  to  none,  direftly  from  England  5 
they  were  fupplied  by  the  Manachu- 
fet's  trader.  Now  although  our  trade 
with  Great  Britain,  upon  the  whole, 
is  fuppofed  to  cauf'e  no  addition  to  our 
wealth,  yet,  at  leaft  fo  far  «s  we  are 
the  channel  for  conveying  fupplics  of 
goods  to  the  other  colonies  for  their 
confumption,  a  benefit  undoubtedly 
accrues.  New  Hampfhire,  by  their 
convenient  fituation,  were  induced  to 
become  their  own  importers  in  a  great 
meafure  Tome  years  before  the  altera- 
tion of  our  currency.  They  made 
their  returns  by  (hipping  lumber,  &c. 
eafier  than  we  did.  At  prefent,  they 
probably  import  Englifh  goods  equal 
to  their  confumption.  Conne^icut, 
until  we  abolifhed  our  bills  of  credit 
and  theirs  with  them,  continued  their 
trade  with  us  for  Engli^  goods,  but 
fOQn  after  turned  great  part  of  their 

trade 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 

trade  to  New- York,  and  fome  perfons 
bec»iie  importers  from  England.They 
iboA  difcovcrcd  their  error.  The  pro- 
duce of  New- York  is  fo  much  the 
fame  with  that  of  Coonedticut  that 
the  MaiTachufet^s  market  will  always 
be  the  beft.  The  importer  finds  it 
more  difficult  to  make  his  returns  to 
Engbnd  from  Connecticut  than  from 
the  Maflachufets.  Connedlicut  trade 
therefore  foon  returned  to  the  ftate  it 
bad  formerly  been  in. 

Rhode- lilindy  in  part,  became  their 
own  importers  alfo,  which  they  Hill 
continue. 

For  the  other  colonies  on  the  conti- 
nent. Between  South -Carolina  and 
the  Madachufett,  there  never  has  been 
any  conflderable  trade.  The  chief  be- 
neit  from  tliat  colony  has  been  the 
aSsrding  freights  for  our  (hips  in  the 
European  trade. 

^k)rth  -  Carolina,  Virginia,  Mary- 
land, the  Jerieys  and  Penfylvania,  un- 
til within  twenty  or  thirty  years,  ufed 
to  famifli  us  with  provifions  for  which 
we  paid  them  in  Weft- India  and  fome- 
tinies  Englifh  goods  and  with  our  owi^ 
produce  and  manufactures.  Philadel- 
phia of  late  is  become  the  mart  for  th6 
grain  of  great  part  of  Maryland,  which 
they  manufacture  into  flour  and  fup- 
plf  the  Maflachufets,  Rhode-Id^nd 
and  New-Hamp(hire,  and  take  little 
cr  no  pay  in  return  but  money  and 
bOls  of  exchange.  It  feems  agreed 
tbu  the  fouthern  colonies  as  far  as 
Yir^nia  are  deiigned  by  nature  for 
cnun  countries.  It  behoves  us  there- 
fore, either  like  the  Dutch  for  the 
other  nations  in  Europe,  to  become 
carriers  for  them  with  our  fhipping, 
or  to  contrive  fome  articles  of  produce 
ormanufa^ure  for  barter  or  exchange 
with  them,  rather  than  in  vain  to  at- 
tempt raifing  to  more  advantage  than 
they  do,  what  nature  has  peculiarly 
formed  them  for. 

Our  trade  with  the  Weft-India 
iflands  was  much  more  profitable  to 
us,  from  the  beginning  of  King  Wil- 
liam *s  to  the  end  of  Queen  Anne*8  war 
with  France,  than  at  any  time  fince. 
Ever  fince  the  peace  of  Utrecht  it  has 
been  contininlly  growing  worfe.  Bar- 
badoes  required  then,  more  northern 
produoe  than  it  does  now.  The  other 
iflands,  except  Jamaica,  have  very 
little  increafed  their  demand.  From 
|l)e  growth  of  the  nortberA  colonies 


^rade  of  Maflachufets  Buy.  189 

and  the  new  methods  of  living,  the 
produce  of  the  iflands  is  more  tha« 
double  the  price  it  ufed  to  be.  Per- 
haps tea  and  coftee,  alone,  caufe  at 
great  confumption  of  fugar  as  all  other 
ufes,  to  which  it  was  applied,  did  for- 
merly. The  produce  of  the  northern 
colonies  is  as  low  in  the  iflands  as  ever 
it  was.  Formerly  their  demand  for 
northern  produce  not  only  aflbrded  us 
in  return,  rum,  fugar  and  molaflet 
fufficient  for  our  own  confumption, 
but  left  a  furplus  which,  in  war  time 
efpecialty,  every  year  gave  freight  to 
(hips  from  Bofton  to  England,  and 
paid  our  debts  there  or  procured  ^ 
iupplyof  goods  from  thence,  whereas, 
at  this  day,  the  whole  fupply  of  nor- 
thern produce  to  the  Britifli  iflands 
will  not  pay  for  one  half  the  Weft- In- 
dia goods  confumed  or  ufed  in  the  nor- 
thern colonies.  The  trad^  to  the 
Dutch  colonies,  it  is  true,  is  flnce  in- 
creafed,  and  our  goods  from  time 
to  time  find  their  way  into  the 
French  iflands,  fometimes  through  the 
Dutch,  at  other  times,  when  French 
neccflity  calls  for  them,  by  perraiflion 
or  other  contrivances,  and  by  this 
means  we  are  able  to  procure  the 
Weft- India  goods  we  want  for  our 
confumption  over  and  above  what  we 
can  obtain  in  pay  for  our  produce  from 
eur  own  iflands.  Britain  herfelf  fuf- 
fers,  with  her  northern  colonies,  and 
pays  dearly  by  the  advanced  price  of 
fugar,  rUm,  &c.  The  Weft  Indians 
notwithftanding,  are  continually  en- 
deavouring to  reftrain  our  trade  with 
the  foreign  iflands  and  colonies.  If 
they  could  take  of  our  produce  at 
much  as  we  have  occaflon  for  of  theirt 
it  would  appear  leTs  unreafonable,  or 
if,  by  our  trade  with  the  foreign  colo- 
nies, the  price  of  the  produce  of  our 
own  iflands  had  fallen  below  the  for- 
mer rates  they  might  have  colour 
for  complaint;  but  when  the  vent 
for  northern  produce  by  means  of  the 
great  increafe  of  the  northern  colo- 
nies, bears  no  proportion,  from  any 
one  of  them,  to  what  it  did  formerly, 
and  yet  the  produce  of  the  iflands  is 
double  the  price  it  was  formerly,  and 
their  eftates  raifcd  to  more  than  five 
timet  the  value,  it  muft  be  unreafon- 
able to  burden  not  only  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  northern  colonies  but  of 
Great  Britain,  alfo  with  a  ftill  further 
advanced  price  of  Weft-India  goods, 

.»n4 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


igo  Its  Trade  mw  the  Iflands^  April 

?iid  all  to  iggnuidne  the  Weft-India    appearance  of  profits  from  the  Tales* 
Planters.    Such  a  burden  would  in-    yet,  by  the  lofs  upon  returns,   vaoft 

'.n:wi..  U-.  *u-i  ^ouxa.  -r  -  -:-.:j adventurers  in  a  courfe  of  years  were 

great  lofers.  Difcerning  perfont  in 
London,  when  they  faw  a  man  goin^ 
deep  into  trade  in  the  colonies  would 
pronounce  him  (hort  lived. 

The  trade  is  now  upon  a  more  cer- 
tain footing  for  the  people  of  England. 
Few  goods  are  fent  to  be  fold  up- 
on commiffion.  The  manufa6lurer 
depends  upon  the  merchant  in  Eng- 
land for  his  paji.  The  merchant  re- 
ceives his  commiHion  and  genemHy 
agrees  with  his  correfpondent,  for 
whom  he  is  in  advance,  in  the  colo« 
nies,  that  after  fix  or  nine  months  cre- 
dit, if  payment  be  not  made,  intereft 
ihall  be  allowed.  Bad  debts  muft  be 
expenfive  more  or  lefs  upon  all  exten- 
five  trade.  Perhaps  they  are  not  more 
frequent  in  the  colpnies  than  among 
the  like  number  of  traders  in  England. 
The  cod  and  whale  fiihery  are  in  a 
more  flouriihing  ftate  than  formerly. 
The  vefiels  employed  in  cod  fifhing 
have  been  more  numerous,  bat  they 
were  fmall  fhallops,  and  one  of  tlie 
fchooners  now.employed  in  that  fi(hc- 
ry  take  as  much  wki  in  a  feafon  as  two 

feous  to  Ureat-lfritam.   ^ every  new    ihallops  ufed  to  do. 
ou(%,  new  farm  and  new  fubjed,  add        The  French  are  fuppofed  to  maisi^ 


anters.  Such  a  burden  would  in- 
fallibly be  the  effeft  of  a  rigid  execu- 
tion of  the  laws  reftraining  or  incum- 
t>ering  our  trade  with  the  French  and 
Dutch  colonies.  But  this  is  not  all. 
If  our  trade  with  the  foreign  colonies 
be  fupprefled  and  our  fuppltes  of  Weft- 
India  goods  are  confinea  to  our  own 
iflands,  the  balance  above  what  they 
require  of  our  produce,  muft  be  paid 
them  in  itlver  and  gold  or  exchange 
vpop  England,  either  of  which  muft 
leflfeo  our  returns  to  England,  and 
will  probably  leifen  our  confumption 
of  tneir  manufadhires.  Charlevoix 
fays  the  French  of  Canada  Iwe  well  if 
they  can  get  fine  cloaths,  if  not  they 
retrench  from  the  table  to  adorn  the 
perfon.  I  think  the  Englifti  colonifts 
would  rather  abate  from  their  drels 
than  from  their  punch,  tea,  coffee,  &c. 

If  the  queftion  be,  which  is  moft 
for  the  intereft  of  the  Briti(h  domi- 
nions in  general,  to  retrain  the  French 
American  trade  or  to  give  it  all  poflt- 
ble  encouragement,  it  muft  be  given 
in  favour  of  encouragement.  The 
fpeedy  fettlement  of  this  vaft  continent 
is  generally  fuppofed  to  be  advanta- 
geous to  Great- Britain.  ^ Every  new 
houl^,  new  farm  and  new  fubjed,  add 
to  the  confumption  of  Britilh  manu- 
factures. Nothing  more  contributes 
to  this  fpeedy  fettlement  than  a  vent 
for  the  lumber,  a  great  help  in  clear- 
ing the  lands  near  the  fea  and  upon 
navigable  rivers,  and  for  provifions 
the  produce  of  fettlements  when  made. 
But  on  the  other  hand,  admit  that  rai- 
fing  the  price  of  Weft-India  produce 
tends  to  increafe  the  number  of  plan- 
tations in  the  ifiands,  yet  thofe  plan- 
tations, although  more  valuable,  will 
never  bear  any  proportion  in  number 
to  the  plantations  and  fettlements  up- 
•  on  the  continent,  and  the  increafe  of* 
white  fubjedts  will  be  ftill  lefs  in  pro- 
portion. Blacks  eat  and  drink  nothing 
and  wear  next  to  nothing  of  Britilh 
manufacture. 

There  has  been  a  great  alteration 
in  our  trade  with  Great  Britain.  At 
the  beginning  of  this  period,  and  till 
witbin  thirty  or  forty  years  paft, 
merchants  and  manufaaurers  in  Eng- 
land (hipped  goods  upon  their  own  . 
accounts,  which  were  fold  here  upon 
commifiloni  and  although  there  wiu 


tain  a  fifiierman  at  leis  expence  than 
the  Engliih. .  Be  it  fo,  the  BngUfli 
catch  and  make  their  fifli  at  kfs  ex- 
pence  than  the  French  notwithftand- 
ing.  Five  or  (vn  well-fed  Marble-head 
or  Cape- Ann  men  catch  as  much  fifti 
as  ten  or  twelve  meagre  Frenchmen  in 
the  fame  time.  The  French  find  their 
account  in  taking  what  they  call  their 
muid  or  mud-fifti  when  the  Englifti 
cannot.  Thie  is  owin^  to  the  vent 
which  the  French  markets  aftbrd  for 
that  fort  of  fi(h.  In  what  they  call  a 
fedentaire  and  we  a  ft)Ore  fiChery  we 
ftiall  alwavs  outdo  them,  unlefs  the 
ports  of  the  other  nations  in  Europe, 
as  well  as  thoie  of  the  French,  ftiould 
be  (hut  againft  us.  If  every  family  in 
Britain  ftiould  make  one  dinner  m  a 
weelfr  upon  New- England  cod  fi(h  it 
would  caufe  an  amazing  increafe  of 
the  confumption  of  Briti(h  manufac- 
tures. 

It  is  certain  that  before  the  war  of 

1744  ^c  French  fifherv  declined.  Thev 

nfed  to  go  from  Louifbourgh  to  Canfo 

and  buy  the  Engliih  fifti  for  the  French 

furoptaft 


ktf    ^ 


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IOHNWilkES  Esqf 


Digitized  byCjOOQlC 


176S; 


Eoropeaa  markets, 

cheaper  to  them  than  they  could  catch 

and  make  it« 

The  iocreafe  of  the  confumption  of 
«i  by  lamps  as  well  as  by  divers  ma- 
Btt&dures  in  Europe  has  been  no  fmall 
encouragement  to  our  whate  fifbery. 
The  flouhihing  ftate  of  the  ifland  of 
Mantacket  moft  be  attributed  to  it. 
The  cod  and  whale  lUhery,  being  the 
principal  fource  of  our  returns  to 
Great  Britain,  are  therefore  worthy 
aotonly  of  provincial  but  national  at- 
teatioa. 

Formerly  the  trade  to  Newfound - 
land  was  valuable.  The  incrcafe  of 
the  northern  colonies  has  carried  from 
tts  g;reat  part  of  the  fupplies  we  ufed 
to  make.  Our  late-began  commerce 
«itb  Nova  Scotia  is  valuable,  but  will 
act  compenl'ate  for  this  loft. 

The  manufa^ure  of  pe%-alh  promifes 
great  benefit  to  the  colonies.  It  is  to 
be  wiihed  that  they  may  meet  witli  no 
<iifcoaragement.  Frauds  in  package 
and  adulteration  cannot  be  of  any 
long  continuance.  The  Icaft  that  can 
be  done  by  every  government,  where 
It  ii  nunuta^ured,  is  a  law  to  compel 
wery  perfon  to  fet  his  name,  and  the 
oameof  the  town  where  he  lives,  up- 
M  the  ca(k  in  which  he  packs  his  pot- 
^  This  will  go  a  great  way  to- 
■vtii  preventing  fraud.  Should  the 
Knffia  traders  combine  to  underfell 
fbofe  who  import  from  America,  yet 
k  will  be  coniidered  that  the  RufRa 
ttadc  if  drawing  every  year  from  the 
wtion  a  large  balance  in  bullion, 
whereas  the  uicreafe  of  imports  from 
Ac  colonies  only  tends  to  an  increafe. 
of  national  exports,  and  the  body  of 


tbe  nation  will  combine  again  ft  the 
Raffia  traders. 
1  remember  one  advantage  from  paper 
?«ey.  Upon  the  depreciation,  from 
iiBe  to  time,  the  wages  of  feamen,  and 
the  rate  at  which  coafting  veHels  and 
2^1m  were  hired  did  not  immediate*! 
^  rife  in  proportion  to  the  rife  of  fil- 
ler and  exchange  with  London  and 
wfcer  parts  of  the  world.  We  were 
thai  led  to  employ  our  veflcls  as  car- 
"««  to  and  from  many  parts  of  the 
continent^  the  Weft-Indies  and  Eu- 
J^becanfe  we  let  them  upon  cheaper 
«^gbt  and  hire  than  any  other  colo- 
ny would  do.  The  war  in  1744  gave 
« torn  fo  this  part  of  builnels,  but 


Ppt-ajh^  ^radcpf^  ricmrnindiJ.  /pr 

becaufe  it  came  we  may  learn  from  what  happened 
then,  without  any  premeditated  plin 
or  defign,  what  we  arc  capable  of, 
viz.  navigating  our  veflels,  eljpecially 
if  further  improvements  be  made  in 
the  conftruAion  of  them,  with  fo  lit- 
tie  expence  as,  like  the  Dutch  in  Eu- 
rope, to  become  carriers  for  America*. 
The  advantage  in  this  particular  in- 
ftance,  of  the  reduction  of  the  price 
of  labour  (hews  us  what  improvements 
might  be  made  in  other  branches  of 
trade  and  manufa^ure  if  ever  it  (hould 
be  reduced  in  proportion  to  the  price 
in  Europe,  compared  with  the  price 
of  the  neceflaries  of  life. 

It  was  hard  parting  with  a  free 
open  trade  to  all  parts  of  the  world 
which  the  Maflachufets  carried  on  be- 
fore the  prefent  charter.  The  princi. 
pal  adts  of  parliaments  were  made 
many  years  before,  but  there  was  no 
ctittomhoufe  ellablifhed  in  the  colony, 
nor  any  authority  anxious  for  carry-, 
ing  thofe  a6ts  into  execution.  It  was 
feveral  years  after  the  new  charter* 
before  it  was  generally  obferved.  If 
we  arc  under  no  other  obligations,  we 
certainly  enjoy  and  cannot  fubfift 
without  the  proteflion  of  our  mother 
country,  over  our  trade  at  fca,  our 
perfonal^cftate  afhore,  the  territory 
itfelf,  our  libeities  and  lives.  It  is 
owing,  in  a  great  meafure,  to  the 
taxes,  duties  and  excifes,  the  confe- 
quenteS  of  an  enormous  load  of  debt, 
that  the  manufa^ures  in  England  come 
dearer  to^  us  than  thofe  of  other  coun- 
tries. Great  part  of  this  debt  was  in<^ 
currcd  by  our  immediate  prote^ion. 
Shall  we  think  much  of  (haring  in 
the  burden  when  we    have'  been  fo 


great  (harcrs  in  the  benefit?  There 
is  no  way  in  which  we  can  more  ef- 
fe^ually  contribute  to  the  national  re- 
lief than  by  fubmicti ng  to  regulation 
and  redraint  upon  our  trade,  and  yet 
no  way  in  which  (he  ihould  be  fo  lit- 
tle fenfible  of  it. 

It  has  been  the  general  voice  that 
our  trade  to  Great  Britain  fiiould 
be  contra6ted,  and  that  our  inha- 
bitants, (hpuld.  be  employed,  in  the 
fame  kind  of  manufadures  we  import^ 
from  thence,  the  materials  for  moft  of 
which  we  haye,  or  may.  have,  withia. 
ourfelyes. 

The  great  Creator  of  the  univerfe 
to  infinite  wifdom  has  fo  formed  the 

earth. 


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19^ 


'  A  fifth  Letter  frbm  Rouffeau.  A  pri! 


earth,  that  difFerent  parts  of  it,  from 
the  foil,  climate,  &c.  are  adapted  to 
different   produce,    and  be  fb  orders 
and  difpofes  the  genius,  temper,  num- 
bers and  other  circumflances  relative 
to  the  inhabitants,  as  to  render  fome. 
employments  peculiarly  proper  for  one 
country,  and  others  for  another,  and 
by  this  provifion  a  mutual  intercourfe 
is  kept  up  between  the  different  parts 
of  the  globe.    It  would  be  foliar  in  a 
Virginian  to  attempt  a  plantation  of 
rice  for  the  fake  of  having  all  he  con- 
fumes  from  the  produce  of  his  own 
labour,  when  South -Carolina,  by  na- 
ture, is  peculiarly  dcfigned  for  rice, 
and  capable  of  fupplying  one  half  of 
the  world.      Old  countries,     flocked 
with  people,  are  ordinarily  befl  adapt- 
ed to  manufadlurcs.     Would  it  be  the 
intereil  of  New  England,  whilft  thin 
of  people,  to  turn  their  attention  from 
the  whale,    cod,   mackerel,  and  her- 
ring filhcry,  their  lumber  trade,    and 
flii p. building,  which  require  but  few 
hands  compared  with  many  other  forts 
of  bufinefs,  to  fuch  manufa6lures  as 
are  now  imported  from  Great  Britain, 
or  to  take  their  fons  from  clearing  the 
land,    and    turning   an    uncultivated 
wildernefs  into  pleafant  and  profitable 
fields,  and  fet  them  to  fpinning,  wea- 
ving, and  the  like  employments  ?  I  do 
not  mean  to  diCcourage  any   perfons 
who  cannot  improve    their  time    to 
greater    advantage    from    employing 
themfelves  and  families,  in  any  branch 
of  manufadhire  whatfoever.    Idlenefs 
is  the  certain  parent  of  vice.  Induflry, 
introduced,     will    ordinarily,  tend  to 
produce  a  change  of  manners.    A  ge- 
neral philanthropy  will  induce  us  to 
delight  in  and  contribute  to  the  hap- 
pincfs  of  every  part  of  the   human 
race,   by  which  we  ourfelves  are  no 
fufl'erers ;  the  flate  from   whence  we 
fpran^,  and  upon  which  we  ftill  de- 
pend for  protection,  may  juflly  expe^ 
to  be  diflinguifhed  by  us,  and  that  we 
ibould  delight  in  and  contribute  to  its 
profpcrity,  beyond  all  other  parts  of 
the  globe/' 

Affth  Letter  from  RoufTcau  to  Mr.  D. 
(Seep,  132.; 
Dear  Sir, 

IN  difcharging  towards  you  the 
pleafing  duty  of  gratitude,  I  feel 
my  heart  expand  in  proportion  as  I 
write  to  you.    From  the  mid  ft  of  my 


folitude  I  wajre  wdr  againft  mankinds 
It  is  lawful,  fure,  to  wage  war  againfb 
one^s  enemies.  And  can  I  be  blam- 
ed ?  I  only  attack  vice. 

If  fome  faint  glimmerings  of  true 
knowledge  fometimes  come  to  en- 
lighten man  in  the  midft  of  his  errors^ 
he  foon  extinguifhes  them  by  his  fo- 
phiftical  reafonings,  the  fruit  of  hit 
vain  ftudies  ;  flumes,  which  are  now 
no  longer  directed  towards  difcoverinz 
the  fource  of  his  foibles,  and  the  beS 
method  of  corre£ling  them.  Europe^ 
it  is  true,  is  full  of  univerfities.  We 
meafure  the  diftance  of  the  ftars  by 
geometrical  calculations.  We  heap, 
like  the  giants  of  old,  mountains  upon 
mountains,  to  fcale  the  very  heavens  : 
even  the  Supreme  Being  himfclf,  ia 
the  midfl  of  his  incomprebenfible  at* 
tributes,  is  not  fecure  againfl  the  pre- 
fumptuous  refearches  of  man.  We 
queilion  him  as  to  the  perfection  of  bis 
works  :  We  demand  of  him  an  account 
of  his  ways  :  We  charge  him  with  the 
imperfe6lions  of  nature  \  and  man 
throws  upon  the  Creator  the  blame  of 
thole  follies  and  weaknefies  which  are 
the  work  of  man.  We  know  every 
thing  in  the  prefent  age;  and  yet^ 
flrange  as  it  may  appear,  we  know 
net  even  ourfelves.  Quick  fighted 
enough  as  to  his  temporal  intcrefls, 
man  is  blind  to  his  eternal  ones. 
Weary  of  living  in  perpetual  con- 
Araint,  he  is  yet  afraid  to  die ;  and 
after  having  pafled  thiough  the  fur-? 
nace  of  afilidlion,  he  wifhes  annihila- 
tion may  be  the  fate  of  hl:»  foul,  and 
the  period  of  his  life. 

Yes  1  my  dear  friend  ;  the  world  is 
become  a  fchool  of  the  moil  pcrverfc 
and  proud  philofophy.  They  creit, 
almoft  every  where,  the  llandard  of 
incredulity ;  and  they  perfccure  virtue. 
Ye  virtuous  fouls,  who  groan  under 
oppreffion,  fuch  is  the  fruit,  the  blelfed 
fruit  of  the  fciences  and  tiie  arts  \ 
Happy  ignorance  of  our  anceftors  1 
Ifou  are  now  no  more.  They  were, 
it  is  true,  lefs  knowing  5  but  they 
were  alfo  more  virtuous  :  they  had 
lefs  learning  j  but  they  had  more  hu- 
manity. Pernicious  arts  !  provid  fci- 
ences !  ye  have  banifhcd  fimplicity, 
honefty,  integrity,  humanity,  and  all 
the  other  virtues,  from  the  earth. 
Our  knowledge  now  tends  only  to  our 
ruin.  We  have  found  the  art  of  ex- 
tolling vice,    and  we  exalt  it  into  a 

divinity. 


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iy69. 


divtaity^  It  heart  not,  I  own^ 
name  of  His  or  Ofiris  ;  but  that  which 
we  give  it,  is  not  lefs  ridiculous.  The 
learned  cail  it  philofbphy  j  the  vulgar, 
fireedom,  (incerity,  poHtenefs,  the  art 
of  living,  and  whatnot?  Call  it  the 
reTcrfe  of  all  thcfc,  and  you  will  give 
it  a  proper  name.  Vicious  by  rule, 
we  woulci  fain  arrive  at  immortal. ty 
through  the  paths  of  vice;  and  were 
it  not  for  the  rcftraint  of  civil  laws# 
we  fhould,  i*m  afraid,  fee  many  an 
Eratoftratus. 

'Tis  faid,  that  I  am  an  advocate  for 
ignorance  and  for  brutes.  Yes,  my 
^ar  friend  !  I  will  confefx  it  to  you, 
I  am  an  advocate  for  ignorance  and 
for  brutes.  The  firft,  furely,  is  pre- 
ferable to  ill-natured  and  pervcrfe 
Icience ;  and  in  what  refpei^s  is  man 
iiiperior  to  the  laft  ?  The  brute  hath 
his  wants,  it  is  true  ;  and  nature  hath 
provided  for  them.  As  foon  as  thcfe 
are  fatisfied,  he  lays  him  down,  (huts 
his  eyes  and  falls  afleep.  And  are  thy 
wants,  vain  man,  lefs  numerous  th^n 
his  ?  Thou  dared  not  fay  it :  but  fup- 
pofe  they  were,  the  moment  they  are 
latuiied,  new  defires  fpring  up  in  their 
phce  ;  and  thefe  ap^ain  are  followed  by 
others  ilill  more  violent  -,  and  to  clofe 
the  mortifying  fcene,  difgufi  treads 
f2&  upon  the  heels  of  enjoynrent. 
Wtfc  precaution  of  providence !  to 
have  rendered  the  univerfc  incapable 
of  iatisfying  the  heart  of  man!  and 
hence  it  was  that  the  conqueror  of  Alia 
figbed  in  the  very  midft  of  his  con- 
aoeftf.  The  brute,  furely,  is  a 
traoger  to  this  circle  of  enjoyment, 


T  O     M  R.      D.  193 

the    Hgion>  his  worship,  and  whatever  be- 


longs to  him  I  every  fcience,  I  fay, 
that  hath  fuch  things  for  its  obJc<Sb,  I 
approve,  I  revere,  and  I  (hall  even  al- 
ways think  it  my  duty  to  inculcate  in 
my  writings.  But  thofc  vain  fciences, 
which  teach  man  to  make  himfelf  the 
judge  of  the  wonders  of  the  Almightyj 
thcfe  vain  fciences,  which  form  the 
religion  of  our  modern  wits  and  phi- 
lofophers ;  thofe  vain  fciences,  I  re- 
peat it,  I  moft  heartily  abhor ;  and 
prefer  the  grofieft  ignorance  to  all  the 
vain  (peculation  of  our  pretended  lite- 
rati. My  maxim  (hall  always  be  5  let 
us  be  lefs  knowing,  but  let  us  be  more 
virtuous. 

I  am  fanfible,  that  this  language 
will  found  hardi  to  the  generahty  of 
mankind  f  and  what  is  yet  more,  that 
I  expofe  myfelf  to  the  refentment  of 
the  whole  fe6l  of  new  philofophers. 
Their  numbers,  it  is  true,  are  great ; 
but  I  fear  not  the  cfFcft  of  their  mo(t 
envenomed  arrows.  They  imagine, 
forfooth,  that  they  alone  are  pofielTed 
of  good  fenfe  ;  and  that  not  to  think 
like  them,  is  to  renounce  all  know- 
ledge, demonftration,  and  evidence. 
With  the  compafs  in  their  hand,  they 
would  meafure  the  works  of  the  Cre- 
ator ;  and  if  they  cannot  find  out  all 
their  fecret  relations  and  connections 
thefe  fublime  geniufus  fee  nothing 
there  but  abfurdities.  Virtue,  is  the 
(lift  that  fails  a  (acrifice  to  their  mer- 
cilefs  darts  :  but  how  (hould  they  re- 
fpeft  her  ?  They  underlbnd  neither 
her  nature  nor  her  properties :  they 
know  not  even  her  name,    unlefs  it  be 


difguft,    and  defires,    following  each     to  Infult,  to  ridicule,  and  to  pcrfecute 
"*  her.     But  you,    my  virtuous    friend, 

yoii  know  her,  you  love  her,  you  che- 
riih  her.  You  deferve  to  be  happy  : 
may  you  be  fo  as  long  as  I  wi(h  you. 
Adieu  :  accept  my  mod  humble  com» 
pliments. 

J.  J.  Rousseau. 


ether  in  end  lefs  fuccelTion. 

'Tis  to  you,  my  dear  friend,  that  I 
thus  explain  myfelf  j  and  my  apology 
could  not  fall  into  better  hands.  I 
am  an  enemy,  they  fay,  to  the  fci- 
ences ;  and,  which  is  more,  an  advo- 
cate fur  ignorance.  Shall  I  fpeak  my 
miDd^  Why  (hould  not  I  (peak  it j 
ince  I  am  fpeaking. to  you?  I  am, 
then,  neither  the  one  nor  the  other  ^ 
and  I  prove  it  thus  :  every  fcience, 
that  teaches  us  to  know  ourfelves,  and 
to  dticharge  our  private  and  our  pub- 
.bc  duties  i  that  (hews  us  virtue  in  all 
bcr  native  brightnefs,  and  infpires  us 
with  a  love  for  that  amiable  object; 
efpecially  that  divine  fcience,  which 
leads  vt  to  the  knowledge  of  the  Su- 
preme Being,  of  the  nature  of  his  re- 
April  1768. 


Defcription  q/' Blenheim  Houfi^  from  the 
Six  Weeks  Tour,  &c.   (Seep,  135.^ 

f"*  K  O  M  Oxford  we  took  the  road 
to  Blenheim  5  that  celebrated  pa- 
lace, which  has  been  by  forae  fo  cx- 
ccffively  ahufed,  ai^d  fo  praifed  by 
others.  The  front  is  a  clutter  of  parts, 
fo  diliin^,  that  a  gothic  church  has 
as  muci)  unity  j  and,  withal,  a  hea- 
vinefs  in  each  part,  which,  is  infinitely 
difguftmg.  You  enter  firft  the  grand 
B  b  hall. 


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194 


BIcnhfcim-houfe  defttihii. 


Mah:h 


hall,  which  it  the  largeft,  and  I  think 
without  comparifon,  the  fined  I  have 
feen  in  England  :  but  in  this  room, 
as  in  mod  others,  there  is  fomething 
in  the  dimenfions  which  difgufts  at 
firft  fight ;  are.  fifty-three  by  forty - 
four,  and  fixty  high  :  this  va(t  height, 
bcfides  the  difagreeable  cfFeft  it  has, 
in  itfelf,  lakes  off  prodigiouily  from 
the  appearance  of  largencfs  in  the 
area  at  bottom.  The  fide  again  ft  the 
faloon,  enlarges  itfelf  confideraWy  in 
the  middle;  in  the  center  is  the  faloon 
door :  and  on  each  fide  fome  very 
large*  and  magnificent  Corinthian  pil- 
lars, in  a  good  tafte  and  proportion  ; 
and  oyer  them  a  gallery,  which  is  all 
done  in  a  really  grand  ftyle  ;  and  not 
a  gallery  duck  to  the  wall,  like  an 
overgrown  (helf,  as  at  Houghton  and 
Wilton ;  or  turned  into  the  range  of  a 
bath,  as  at  Holkam  :  It  would  take  a 
cube  of  an  hundred  feet  to  have  a  gal- 
lery totally  around  a  halt,  in  a  jud 
tade,  like  this  at  Blenheim ;  and 
therefore  it  is  infinitely  preferable  to 
add  an  additional  fpace  to  one  fide 
of  the  room,  for  a  gallery,  and  the 
pillars  to  fupport  it,  efpecially  as  they 
have  a  very  fine  effe£l  fronting,  as  you 
enter  the  hall.  By  means  of  its  being 
in  the  nature  of  a  recefs,  and  not 
proje6ling,  into  the  room,  there  it 
no  abruptoeis  or  deficiency  in  its  not 
being  continued  around  the  whole. 
Nothing  offends  in  this  room,  but  the 
cxccffive  height. 

The  faloon  is  forty- four  by  thirty- 
three,  and  forty*five  high  ;  which  is 
the  largeft  I  have  feen  :  proportion  ia 
again  deftroyed  by  height ;  otherwife, 
this  room  would,  like  the  hall,  be  in- 
finitely finer.  The  door-cafes  are  of 
marble,  and  exceedingly  magnificent; 
but  a  done  door  for  a  faloon  is  mani- 
feftly  improper.  The  fuite  of  rooms 
to  the  left,  are  as  follows  :  —  Drawing- 
room,  twenty-eight  fquare,  this  is 
filled  with  pidures  by  Rubens  : 

Holy  Family.  Roman  Charity. 
Virgin  and  Child.  Flight  into  Egypt. 
Offering  of  the  wife-men  5  old  mens 
heads  exceeding  fine.  Lot  driven  out 
of  Sodom.  Our  Saviour  blefling  the 
children.  Paracelfus  \  amazingly  fine. 
Pope  Gregory. 

The  break  fad  room,  twenty-four 
fquare  :  here  we  find  Silenus,  and  An- 
dromeda, two  pictures,  both,  by  Ru- 
bens 1  and  fine.  « 


Woman  taken  in  aduttery.  Cir- 
cumcifion.  Old  man  |  all  Chree  by 
Rembrandt,  and  very  fine,  efpecialty 
the  firft  two.  The  duke's  dreffing- 
room,  twenty-four  fquare.  The  paf- 
fagc  room. 

Befidet  thefe  apartments,  othert 
were  occupied  by  the  family,  which 
we  could  not  fee  $  on  the  other  fide  of 
the  faloon, 

.  A  drawing-room,  thirty-five  by 
twenty. five.  Another  thirty- five  by 
twenty,  five.  Another  twenty-five 
fquare :  here  is  the  death  of  Seneca, 
by  Luca  Giordano  ;  without  any  ex- 
preflion  of  charafter,  or  the  lead  trace 
of  imagination. 

Edward  VI.  by  Holbein.— Dednic- 
tionofTroy,  by  Brughill. 

The  chimney- pieces  and  glafs- frames 
in  all  the  rooms  hitherto  mentioned, 
are  in  a  very  heavy  lade. 

The  library  one -hundred  and  eighty 
by  forty-three  in  the  principal  part, 
the  middle  j  and  thirty  at  each  end. 
This  is  the  nobled  room  applied  to 
this  ufe  I  ever  faw:  at  ohe  end  is  a 
very  fine  datue  of  Queen  Anne,  in 
white  marble,  by  Ry(brack  5  the  front 
drapery  of  which  is  exceeding  good. 
The  chimney  pieces  are  likewife  in  a 
better  tade  than  any  in  the  houfe. 
The  marble  piladers  around  it,  are 
by  no  means  ornamental  enough  j  not 
proportionally  fo  with  the  other  parts  ; 
they  diould  certainly  have  been  Corin- 
thian pillars. 

Tne  chapel  is  handfome,  but  has 
nothing  driking  in  it,  except  a  very 
magnihcent  monument  of  the  duke 
and  dutchefs,  and  their  two  children. 

Tlvere  are  no  bed- chambers  on  the 
fird.  floor.  I  diould  obfcrve  to  you, 
that  thofe  rooms  in  which  I  have  not 
mentioned  pi^ures,  are  bung  with  at 
fine  Brufiels  tapeftries,  as  you  ever  be- 
held ;  containing  the  hilWy  of  the 
great  duke^s  campaigns  ;  and  in  de  • 
fign  and  colours  are  really  admirable. 

Blenheim,  upon  the  whole,  caiy 
anfwer  to  none,  who  know  it  to  be 
the  monument  of  a  nation*s  gratitudes 
a  pile  raifed  attheexpenceof  thepub-  . 
lie,  and  meant  to  be  great  and  mag- 
nificent, yet  every  thing  that  the  occa- 
fion  called  for,  mieht,  and  would  have 
been  ede6ked,  had  not  the  execution 
fell  to  fuch  a  miferable  architect  as 
Vanbrugh,  whofe  buildings  arc  mo- 
numents of  the  vilcd  tade. 

The 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


WILTON     HOUSE 


1768. 

The  pftHc  it  whj  extentve,  and 
wcU  planted  4  the  water  exceedingly 
beaottfol ;  bat  the  Rialto,  at  k  is 
caUedy  over  k,  a  moft  mtferabl^  hea- 
ry,  ungraceful  piece  of  architedure. 
One  circomftance  I  fhall  not  omit, 
vfaicti  iu  the  exceiTive  infolenceof  the 
posters  at  the  park > gate,  and  at  that 
tmto  the  court-yard  i  for  I  was  a  wit- 
nefs  to  their  abufing  a  fingle  gentle- 
man  in  a  very  fcurrilous  manner,  for 
Bot  feeing  them  after  giving  the  houfc- 
porter  half  a  crown  for  feeing  it. 
The  perfen  abufed  complained  aloud 
to  (everal  parties  of  this  impudence, 
•end  obferved  that  be  had  feen  moft  of 
fbe  great  houfes  in  the  kingdom,  but 
•ever  k^tw  a  park  or  yard  locked  up 
by  gentry  who  formed  fpch  a  gaunt- 
kt.  Him  in  the  court,  aflerted  in  an 
iofoleot  manner,  that  the  gate  was 
bis  liviog.  I  hint  theie  circumftances 
as  a  proof,  that  noblemen  of  the  mod 
amiable  charafter,  like  the  duke  of 
Mariberough,  have,  unknown tothem, 
the  real  magnificence  of  their  feats 
tamiflied  by  the  fcoundrel  infolence 
of  tlie  loweft  of  their  fervantt.  The 
^ile  cuftom  of  not  batng  able  to  view 
*a  boale,  without  paying  for  the  fighr, 
as  if  k  waa  exhibited  by  a  (how man, 
itdeteftabie;  but  when  it  extends  to 
double  amd  quadruple  the  common 
fees  and  impudence,  the  exorbitancy 
calls  aJood  for  that  public  notice  to 
be  taken  of  it,  which  its  meannefs 
lb  will  deserves. 

Defiription  of  tbe  £:trl  of  Pembroke'/ 
/Ue  Seat  at  Wilton.     From  tbe  Same, 

MY  Lord  Pembroke's  feat,  at* 
thia  place,  is  a  very  ancient 
botiding,  having  been  a  monaflery  in 
the  beginning  of  Queen  Elizabeth's 
retgn:  the  difpofition  of  the  apart- 
ments ii,  of  courfe,  very  irregular  5 
fcr  which  reafon  jou  muft  excufc  my 
being  exa^,  in  going  from  one  into 
another  according  to  their  (ituation. 

In  the  court,  before  the  front,  ftands 
a  ootmnn  of  white  Egyptian  granate, 
with  a  llatoe  of  Venus  on  the  top  of 
it ;  extremely  fine  and  worthy  of  at- 
tention from  the  curious  in  thefe  mat- 
ters. It  is  the  fame  as  was  fet  up  be- 
fore the  temple  of  Venus  Gcnctrix, . 
by  Jalius  Cacfar.  In  one  of  the  n'u- 
chei  of  a  pedefta!,  in  the  inner  court, 
i*  ailitBc  of  Vtr.xn  picking  a  thorn 


»95 

out  of  her  foot ;  the  turn  of  the  body 
is  inimitable,  and  the  expreflton  of 
pain  in  her  countenance,  fine. 

The  hall  is -fifty  feet  by  twenty-eight, 
with  a  gallery  in  the  fame  ftile  as  the 
Houghton  one  :  it  contains  a  vaft  pro- 
fufion  of  iUtuet,  bufts,  and  balTo  re- 
lievos. I  made  memorandums  of 
thofe  which  ftruck  me  moft ;  for  tbe 
number  of  the  whole  is  fo  great,  that 
jt  would  almoft  fill  a  volume  to  men- 
tion tiie  beauties  of  them :  the  houfe- 
fleward  fells  a  half-crown  catalogue  to 
thofe  who  chufc  to  purchafe  it. 

Statue  of  Didia  Clara;  drapery  ex- 
ceedingly fine.  Ditto,  Euterpe,  by 
Cleomencs ;  elegantly  done.  Buft  of 
Nero  J  the  countenance  exprcflive  of 
his  foul.  Ditto,  of  Lucilia  j  very  fine. 
Statue  of  Hercules  dying  j  vaft  ex- 
preffion.  An  Alto  Relievo,  Saturn  j 
mofl  exquifitely  performed.  Ditto, 
Endymion  afleep ;  a  wretched  poflurc. 
Ditto,  Satum  crowning  arts  and 
fcitnces  5  verv  fine. 

On  each  fide  'the  door  leading  to 
the  ftair-cafe,  is  a  copy  by  Wilton ) 
one  the  Venus  de  Medicis,  and  the 
other  Apollo  pf  Belvidere.  Thefe 
are  not  only  the  bcft  copies  of  thofe 
f^atues  ill  England,  but  are  moft  ini- 
mitably done.  Let  us  lay  afide  all 
prejudices,  upon  account  of  their  be- 
ing but  copies,  and -examine  them  for 
a  moment  as  originals.  The  eafy, 
graceful  attitude  of  the  Apollo,  was 
never  exceeded  5  nor  had  ever  drapery 
fo  light,  airy,  and  elegant  an  appear- 
ance 5  the  robe  falling  on  one  fide, 
and  thrown  negligently  over  the 
ftrctched  out  arm,  is  a  ftroke  of  grace 
beyond  defcription.  And  the  beauty 
and  delicacy  of  the  Venus  amazingly 
fine. 

In  the  billiard -room. 

Statue  of  Marcus  Antoninus  j  the 
hand  turned  behind  the  drapery  very 
finely.  Ditto,  Vcnusj  attitude  fine, 
but  bad  drapery.  In  the  chapel  joom 
is  a  chimney-piece  of  Inigo  Jones  j  but 
very  heavy.  Stfitue  of  a  river  nymph  j 
exceedingly  elegant. 
New  dining-room,  forty-five  by  twcr.« 
ty-one. 

Pid^urcs  in  this  room,  not  mention- 
ed in  the  catalogue  they  fell  at  the 
houfe. 

M.  Argelo.    Fruit  pieces. 

B  b  a  "  Z.ccb;irtlli. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1^6 


DESCRIBED. 


Zaccbarelli.    LznACczpe. 

SalYiati.  Our  Savipur  ia  the  wilder- 
nefs. 

Verhet*  Landfcape,  exceedingly 
fine ;  the  eltar  obfcure  inimitable. 

Vandyke.  Hirofelf.— The  Duke 
4'£rpernon. 

Rubens.    Harveft  Home. 

St.  Luke.  Virgin  and  our  Saviour : 
You  will  be  furprized  to  find  St.  Luke 
in  a  catalogue  of  painters ;  but  the 
houfc-kecper  tells  you,  with  a  very 
grave  face,  there  arc  writings  in  the 
library  which  prove  it :  but  it  is  too 
.  good  for  Paleftine  or  Judea  i  it  is  very 
£ne. 

If  I  am  not  miftaken,  it  is  this  room 
that  the  dcfcent  from  the  crofs,  by  Al- 
bert Durer,  is  removed  into.  It  ap- 
pears to  me  to  be  one  of  the  very  fineft 
pieces  in  this  colle^ion  j  it  confiils 
of  eleven  figures  of  the  mod  capital 
expreHion.  The  bloody  body  of  Chrift 
is  wonderfully  painted  :  I  beg  you 
will  take  particular  notice  of  this  pic- 
.  ture,  if  ever  you  fee  Wilton  ;  for  it  is 
by  far  the  greateft  work  I  have  feen  of 
this  mailer's,  and  which  ranks  him 
with  the  greated  of  painters. 
The )iuntinc;- room,  twenty- five  fquare. 

I  flopped  for  a  while,    to  admire 

the  bull  of  Mago ;    that  great  genius, 

whofc   hufbandry  writings    were    the 

.  only  remnant    Rome  allowed  of  her 

proud  rival,  Carthage. 

Cube- room,  thirty  fquare. 

Double>€ube,  fixty  long,  thirty 
broad,  and  thirty  high  :  a  moll  elegant 
room,  in  which  proportion  plcafes 
every  eye :  a  grcaur  breadth  v^ould 
polTibly  be  an  improvement ;  but  tliere 
can  be  no  comparifon  betwen  the  pio- 
portion  of  this  room,  and  thofe  of 
cubes,  or  any  other  form,  in  which 
tlie  height  is  equal  to,  or  more  than 
the  length.  One  end  is  covered  by 
the  famous  Pembroke  family,  by  Van- 
dyke i  one  of  the  fined  pi6luies  of 
the  kind  in  the  world.  Over  the 
chimney  is  another  Vandyke,  exceed- 
ingly elegant ;  King  Cbarlcb's  chil- 
dren. 

The  tables  in  this  room  are  won- 
^lerfully  fine,  particularly  that  of  Ver- 
de-Antique In  the  lobby,  I  remark- 
et! a  Sappho  in  ivory  j  of  mod  amaz- 
ingly fine  fculpture,  and  in  admirable 
"pertf^ion  :  here  is  a  Nativity  Wy  Van 
E)  cK  J  exceeding  fi»e. 


April 

The  kifig>  bod*chalnbtr,  thirty  by 

twenty-five. 

The  corner-  room,  twenty  •  five  fcpiare. 

The  pidlures  which  druck  me  moft 
in  this  room  were, 

Titian.  Mary  Magdalen ;  very  fine. 

M.  Angelo.  Defcent  from  the  croft| 
wonderfully  great. 

Pominiciiino.  Magdalen  s  flefla 
finely  painted. 

Penni.  Chrid  adride  upon  a  lamb: 
Jofeph's  head  exceedingly  fine  $  he  it 
looking  on. 

Vanderwerfe.  Mars  and  Venus  | 
very  fine. 

Rubensf  The  four  children;  ex«^ 
ceedin|f  elegant.  It  is  faid  to  be  the 
fined  in  England  of  this  mafter*  Na* 
tivity  on  copper;  beautiful. 

In  the  black  marble  table  roona^ 
Cleopatra  fitting,  with  Cacfarion,  her 
fon,  on  her  lap,  fucking;  the  attitude 
is  extremely  eafy  and  elegant.  Venus 
aOeep ;  beautiful. 

Inigo  Joneses  front  is  reckoned  very 
fine;  and  certainly  not  without  reafon. 
In  the  garden  is  an  arcade  ;  the  fron( 
of  it  like  wife  by  Inigo,  and  beautifuk 
The  dable  piazza  was  alfo  built  by 
him.  The  bridge,  built  by  the  late 
earl  of  Pembroke,  from  a  defign  of 
Palladio,  is  edeemed  very  fine  ;  but  I 
miud  own,  it  did  not  anfwer  my  ex- 
pe£lations ;  appearing  to  me,  rather 
heavy.  Upon  the  cold  bath  is  a  beau- 
tiful copy  of  the  Antinous. 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  tbi  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 

Leigh,  March  z,  1768. 
A  few  approved  Prefcriptions  eonfirmed 

by  Time  and  Trial. 
1.  A  Cure  for  chapped  nipples ,  infuck* 
a\.  M^.---An0int  now  and  tben^ 
by  a  feather,  with  the  oil  that  drops 
from  toaded  cheefe,  than  which  there 
is  not  a  better  and  more  efficacious  re- 
medy. 

2.  To  present  fuppurattou  ofivomins 
5rr/7/?/,*- -Apply  a  poultice  of  frefli 
milic,  camomile  dowers,  Venice  foap, 
iind  fome  fait ;  which,  if  done  in  time, 
fcarce  one  bread  in  an  hundred  would 
fuppurate,  or  come  to  a  fore. 

3.  for  chiUrens  coughs.-- A(tcr  bleed- 
ing and  purging,  gum  tragacantb,  in 
any  Ihape  given,  has  an  excellent  vir- 
tue in  fubduing  this  troublefome  dif- 
eafe,  though  even  a  chin-cough. 

4.  For 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


APPROVED    Pr£scriptions« 


197 


^  F^an  ahfcefi\  or  a  tkvpjy  intbi 
hrtaf  ^  or  e*ven  for  a  confumptioM,''"- 
T<p  the  thorax,  with  a  proper  trocar, 
between  the  ribs,  to  give  vent  to  the 
detained,  extravafated  matter.  The 
operation  it  fafe  and  eafy,  though  in- 
deed the  fuccefs  may  rompttmet,  in 
the  laft  cafe  be  uncertain  $  yet,  as  long 
IS  there  is  life  there  is  hope,  and  bet- 
ter try  than  truft. 

5.  To  present  abortions  in  the  jirft 
flUBTA/.— -Take  a  tea  fpoonful  of  Jefu- 
its  bark  with  ten  or  twenty  drops  of 
acid  elixir  of  vitriol  mixed  up  toge- 
ther in  a  glafs  of  Spaw  water  dafhed 
with  red  wine,  or  in  wine  alone,  two 
or  three  times  a  day.— There  are 
ten  times  as  many  mifcarriages  within 
two  or  three  months  of  conception, 
than  afterwards.  For  in  weak  wombs 
the  menfss  are  apt  to  flow  in  thofe 
laonths  of  pregnancy,  and  drive'  all 
away  before  them. 

6.  Tor  anx'uty  of  heart, "Ai  from  an 
inflammation,  known  by  a  hard,  quick 
polfe,  bleed  and  ufe  emollients  and  di- 
ivters,  with  nitrous  medicines  ;  but 
if  from  fpafms,  or  convulfions,  ufe 
molk,  caftor,  preparations  of  amber, 
the  gams  and  opiates.  From  the  neg- 
Icd  of  this  diflinction  great  errors 
have  arifen  in  the  cure  of  anxiety. 

7.  for  aphtha t  or  fmall  ulcerations  of 
ike  moMib.^^Tht  foftett  medicines  are 
to  be  ufed  for  the  cure :  as  jelly  of 
han(born,  quince  feed,  or  folution  of 
gum  tragacanth.  Deco^ion  of  ioner 
riad  of  elm  for  a  gargle ;  and  juice  of 
roKiAed  turneps  are  excellent.  For 
common  drink  there  is  no  better  than 
wine  mixed  with  a  double  quantity 
of  water,  and  a  little  honey,  drank 
warm  ;  and  panada  for  food. 

t.  For  a  diabetes  and  lafk,'~-^^Di\n\i 
Hme  water,  or  allum  poifet,  for  a  few 
days,  as  freely  as  the  ftomach  can 
well  bear. 

9.  For  am  anafarca^  or  fkin  dropj).—- 
Calomel  joined  with  jalap  j  as  five 
graios  of  the  fird  with  twenty  of  the 
a&  mixed,  and  taken  in  a  little  honey 
or  conferve,  twice  a  week,  or  as 
ireagtb  can  bear  it.  The  feat  ot  this  dif- 
eaie  is  in  the  reticular,  or  adipofe  mem- 
braiie,  for  which  f-Acct  mercury  is  a 
ijpeci^c ;  and  the  jalap  is  added,  that 
Qe  water  may  pa(8  off  by  itool,  and 
BOt  by  the  falival  glands. 

10.  For  afnrbutic  thffentery^  or  bloody 
jtnx }  oi  alfo  for  afluor  albus  i   and  jor 


an  atrophy i  or  tvafltng  away  of  tie 
>fi^.— — Suck  the  white  of  a  new  laid 
e|^,  each  morning  fading,  and  con- 
tinue fo  to  do  for  a  month  or  two. 

11.  For  a  fluor  albus,  emd  lafk  like^ 
««;f/ir.— Take  a  fpoonful  of  decoftion 
of  Ipecacuanha  each  night  at  bed  time ; 
to  be  continued  for  a  feafon.  To  be 
made  by  boiling  half  an  ounce  of  that 
root  grofsly  powdered,  in  a  pint  of 
water  about  twenty  or  thirty  minutes. 

12.  For  the  yrtf/n^.— — Mix,  with 
cream  of  tartar  one  ounce,  half  aa 
ounce  of  flowers  of  brimftone,  fepa* 
rately  rubbed  fine,  firft  in  a  ftone  mor- 
tar j  divide  the  mixture  into  eleven 
powders  j  take  one  in  a  ftrong  decoc- 
tion of  liquorice  root,  once  or  twice  a 
day>for  a  longtime. 

1 3 .  if «  effe&ual  glyfierfor  a  loofenefs.  — • 
Boil  an  ounce  of  pomegranate  peel, 
grofsly  powdered,  in  half  a  pint  of 
water  half  an  hour,  towards  the  end 
add  as  much  red  wine,  and  boil  it  a 
little  longer ;  drain  it  o^,  and,  when 
luke  warm,  let  half  be  injefted  forcea- 
bly,  and  retained  as  long  as  poflible. 
To  be  repeated  if  need.  Beyond  all 
other  aftringents  this  glyfter  is  moft 
prevalent  in  (lopping  a  lafk  attended 
with  no  pain,  and  that  arifes  not  ic^ 
much  from  the  quantity  of  the  mat- 
ter, and  its  acrid  (harp  nature,  as 
from  a  relaxation  and  lubricity  of  the 
intedines. 

14.  The  heart' burn, -^l^  from  bile 
drink  water  acidulated  with  lemon,  or 
rather  orange  juice.  If  from  acids, 
ufe  tedaceous  and  alk^iline  medicines, 
which  in  the  former  cafe  exafperates 
the  complaint ;  but  if  from  excoria- 
tion, fweet  oil  and  fpernia-ceti  is  the 
propered  application. 

15.  An  unt^erfal  balfam  to  drefs  fores 

fwiih^  called  Linimentirn  Arcai, Melt 

three  ounces  of  ho5's  lard  with  fix 
ounces  of  goits  fuet  (if  you  can  get  it) 
or  mutton  fuet,  then  add  of  Venice 
turpentine  and  gum  elemi,  each  four 
ounces :  drain  it.  This  unguent  has 
been  long  in  ufe,  and  is  fitter  for  di- 
geding,  cleanling  and  incarning,  than 
yellow  bafilicon,  which  is  too  (harp 
for  fome  flcfh,  or  indeed  any  other 
compofition  of  this  kind  whatfocver. 
But  if  even  this  be  too  (harp,  drefs 
with  an  unguent  made  of  wax  only, 
mdtcd  down  with  fweet  oil. 

J.   Coor. 


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19* 


Rebuke  of   FL<ATTERy 


To  the  AUTHOR  pf  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  R» 

1AM  a  country  gentleman,  one  of 
thofe  who  love  reading  as  well  as 

hunting  or  fhooting. Among   the 

many  magazines,  or  monthly  produc- 
tions, there  is  not  one  which  I  read 
with  To  much  pleafure  and  ratisfa6tion 
as  yours.-*— It  is,  as  we  ufed  to  fay 
at  Icbool,  utiU  dulcu  Among  the  ma- 
ny letters  on  divinity  lately  publifhcd, 
there  is  not  one  which  I  have  read 
with  greater  attention  than  the  letter 
fignedN.  N.  p.  91.  probably  the  au- 
tlior  may  write  like  a  fchoiar,  but  as 
I  cannot  pretend  to  criticife  on  h\i 
remarks  on  the  following  ttxt — Ve 
are  by  nature  cbildreH  of  nvratb  ■  I 
.will  for  once  believe  what  he  writes  on 
thi^  occaHon,  though  I  always  read  it 
in  a  literal  fenfe ,  agreeable  to  the  Eng- 

lifh  tranflation. But,  fu*,  I  think 

be  has  no  authority  from  fcripture  to 
afTert,  that  the  Pfalmifl,  when  he  de- 
clares, **  that  he  was  (ha pen  in  ini- 
quity, and  in  (in  hath  my  mother  con- 
ceived mt^only  laments  his  propen(ity 
to  fame  Jins,^^  I  rather  apprehend  this 
is  a  fort  of  excufe  for  his  great  pro- 
pen(ity  to  An  and  wickednefs  in  gene- 
Kil,  from  the  corruption  which  he, 
and  all  mankind,  received  origina/fy 
from  our  firik  parents.  Which  your 
author  feems  to  deny.  That  there  is 
a  general  corruption  is  certainly  a(rcnt- 
ed  to  by  the  articles  of  our  religion. 

Sec  article  JX. Certain  I  am— I 

too  fatally  experience  in  my  own  per- 
fon,  though  advanced  in  years 
That  mmyfiefl)  duuelletb  no  good  thing-" 
to  *will  if  prefent  ivith  me^  but  ho<w  to 
perform  that  ivbich  is  good  1  knoav  not, 
but,  as  St.  Paul  obferi'es,  through  Je- 
fui  Chrifl,  Let  the  author  of  the  let- 
ter in  your  Magazine  con(ider  the 
above  quotation  with  the  following 
vcrfes — and  then  I  (hall  be  much 
obliged  if  he  will  fet  pen  to  paper  once 
more,  (though  he  has  declared  the 
contrary)  and  give  me  his  opinion  on 
the  following  queries. 

Whether  in  his  juvenile  days  he  was 
not  more  addiftcd  to  vice  than  virtue  ? 
Whether  in  the  Jirength  of  manhood  the 
flejb  did  not  lufi  d^ainfi  the  fpirit^  /tnd 
tbefpirit  againft  thefiejb?  And  if  he^had 
efcaped  the  temptations  of  the  devil, 
the  world  and  the  flcfli,  wjicther  it 
was  not  more  owing  to  the  good  ex- 


.  April 

ample,  and  pious  ihftrti^^iom  of  hit 

parents  and  tutors,  than  to  his  own 
natureil  firength?  And  if  he  had  been 
left  to  follow  nature,  whether  he  bad 
not  been  like  numbers  of  his  fellow - 
creatures  5  by  nature  a  chiid  of  mirati^ 
that  is,  liable  to  God*s  wrath  and  in- 
dignation*? And  laftly,  whether  the 
pagination  of  man^s  heart  ts  not  evil 
from  his  youth  ^  May  we  not  then  con- 
chide  with  the  apoiUe,  that  as  by  th$  trf^ 
fence  of '9ne  judgment  teune  upon  aU  nun 
to  condemnation,  Rom.  i.  iS.  (bbl«r- 
fed  be  God,  by  the  righteoufnefs.of 
one,  the  free  gift  came  upon  all  men 
unto  juftification  of  life. 

I  am,  iir,  youi*  humble  (irrvant, 
March  ao,  176S.  M.  M. 

"To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  R, 

WHAT  gave  rife  to  the  prefent 
addrefs,  was,  my  having  late- 
ly been  moft  egregiouAy  flattered  by 
one  of  your  (ex,  which  led  roe  to 
refledl  upon  that  ridiculous  cuftom, 
and  to  wi(h  earneftly  it  was  not  fuch 
a  prevalent  one. 

I  would  engage  the  men,  from  mo- 
tives of  gooduatmre,  to  leave  off  this 
cruel  fport  upon  our  fex :  for  it  is  no- 
torious their  adulation  is  frequently, 
if  not  moft  commonly,  addre(red  to 
young  perfons  who  have  no  other  title 
to  beauty  than  the  mere  bloom  and 
vivacity  of  youth,  which  gives  an 
agreeablenefs  to  features  otherwife 
plain  :  and  this,  a  few  years  t>ften 
evinces  to  all  the  world  except  them- 
felves  :  and  what  is  the  confequence- 
of  that  ?  they  fret  at  being  no  longer 
obje6ls  of  admiration,  (for  poifonom 
as  flatteiy  is,  at  it  undeniable  we  love 
the  foothing  vanity,  till  experience 
has  taught  us  to  perceive,  the  fallacy 
of  it,  to  procure  us  any  real  fatis- 
fa6(ioii)  and  the  next  thing  is,  they 
run  through  all  thofe  methods,  (o 
well  traced  by  abler  pens  than  mine» 
(therefore  (hall  not  repeat  them)  to 
regain  a  frothy  approbation,  which 
neverthelefs,  worthlefsasit  is,  with  all 
their  art,  that  being  feen  through, 
they  cannot  recover  ^  and  at  lad  fit 
down  difcon tented,  and  repinir^  at 
tiie  imaginary  lofs  of  wfiat  in  fa6^ 
x\\ty  never  polTeded :  whereas  had 
thefe  fame  women  never  been  talked 
into  the  notion  of  beauty,  they  had 
probably 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768* 

probaUy  never  adofited  it,  but  paflcd 
tiiroogh    life   with   a  happy  indiife- 
reiice  of  what  the  world  thought  of 
thdrpcrtoBS,  ibHdtoiis  only,  to  adorn 
their  minds  with    fuch   ufeful  know- 
ledge,    as  would  tend  to  make  them 
the  beft  daughters,  fifters,  wivet,  mo- 
thfrt.    Let    then,    your    good  nature 
Iweaftcr   bear  fway,    and  no  longer 
follow  a  pra^ice  that  may  make  one 
vcraan^   lefs  happy,    or  le(s  amiable, 
than    ihe   wouhl     otherwife   be— ^-I 
vould  urge  the  men   to  confine  their 
f?tech  within  thofe  juft  limits  of  think- 
io^,  they  would  have  us  believe  reigns 
in  tbtir  minds  in  refpcd  to  their  own 
pieifarci  for  do  they  not  deprive  them- 
yretof  an  exquifite  enjoyment,  when 
they  have  by  their  ridiculous  adulaMon 
tamed   an'  amiable   pretty    woman, 
icto  a  iifping,  lolling,  infulferabiy  af- 
feded  impertinent  ^    and  that  this  is 
often  the   confeqaence,    with    ladies 
who  are    formed    by    nature    really 
charming,    nobody    can   deny,    why 
vill  they  then,    by  words  that  bear 
ooljr  a  "  femblance  of  regard,   caft  a 
doid  upon   the  fincft  exhibition  of 
oatore  which  the  wifeft  of  their  fex 
confeffiNlly  allow    a  woman   of    true 
beauty,  without  an  apparent  confciouf- 
ac6oif  it,  to  be  ?  do  not  plead  it  can- 
not be  amifs,  if  there's  ground   for 
what  you  fay.     **  You  do  but  tell  them 
tiie  truth,  &c.'*— depend  upon  it  they 
bare  diicernment  as  well  as  yourfclves, 
and  therefore  at   beft  it  is    needlefs, 
always  trifling,    and  moft  commonly 
fo  contemptibly  performed,  you  would 
Wolh  at  the  repetition  of   your  own 
wprdTions.    This  I  aver  from  know- 
^«igc,  as  fure  no  woman  with  fo  fmall 
1  ibarc  of  beauty  as  myfclf,    was  ever 
nore  complimented  upon  it !    and  to 
tbe  nonfcnfe  which  conveyed  the  flat- 
^fry  to  my  ears,    perhaps  it  is  owing, 
^  I  do  not  believe  them,    but  can, 
■ben  honeft  daylight  (hews  me  as  I 
*B,  look  in  my  glafs,   and  fay,    an 
illafive  thing  indeed,  is  beauty,  if  I  at 
^y  time  cairy  it  in  my  countenance  ! 
*  comely  hrcwn  woman  perhaps  I  ap- 
P^r  by   candle-light,    if    my    own 
)u«Jgroent  may  be  taken;  but  even  that 
niay  be  faying-  loo  much  ;    however,  I 
fi»all  not  go  about  to  defcribe  myfelf ^ 
^Qch  as  I  am,    I  am  the  work  of  infi- 
nite wifdom,    without    any     contri* 
Jw»ceof  jny  own,  and  with  that  1  dc- 
"'^tp  be  content. 


On  the  F  a  I  r - S  e  X. 


199 

And  now,  poilibly,  fbtnfe  (heering 
Mr.  Gravity,  may  fay,  **  what  a  tci* 
dious  pack  of  ftnit  has  this  woman  been 
fcribbling,  for  nothing— as  the  pret^ 
fellonffs,  who  ahne  are  found  thefooliu 
whiiperers  of  fuch  trumpery  aa  Ihe 
hints  at,  are  as  incapable  of  bein|^ 
moved  by  fentimental  refiedkions,  as  a 
wild  Hottentot;  their  capacities  reach'* 
ing  no  further  then  managing  their 
fine  drefTed  machines  with  a  jauntf 
air,  and  uttering  a  few  of  the  common- 
place complimentary  phrafes  in  quef- 
tion,  with  a  fafhionable  ll-are,  or  grin, 
devoid  of  meanin^^,  and  thoughtleft 
of  confequences  ot  them,  they  having 
no  ideas  ?"— To  which  I  anfwer,  if 
mo  man  of  fenfe  is  confaous  to  himfelf 
that  he  has  ever  fallen  into  this  folly,  C 
accufe  him'not,  and  only  add,  let  him 
perfevere  in  his  wifdom  ;  while  my 
poor  attempt  fall^  (hort  of  its  marl^ 
I  am.  Sir,  for  the  trouble  I  give  yon 
to  publilh  this, 

Your  obliged  humble  fervant,  * 

Amanda. 
•  P.  S.  I  cannot  difmifs  the  fubjedi, 
without  a  hint  to  my  own  fex,  to  con* 
iider,  tboie  very  men  who  commend 
our  beauty,  at  the  fame  time  defpife 
our  underftandings,  if  they  fee  us 
elated  by  it,  and  never  fail,  in  abfence, 
to  ri'iicule  the  vain  creatures  they 
themfelves  have  iirft  nuuU  fo.  I  juft 
glanced  at  my  age,  that  though  not 
very  young,  I  might  not  be  fnppofed 
fo  far  advanced  in  old-maidifm  tn 
have  my  whole  defign  imputed  to  a 
feverity  which  fometimes  prevails 
amongll  that  unfortunate  clan  of  fe- 
males. All  I  mean  being  to  expreft 
my  wifhes,  at  leaft,  towards  promoting 
the  real  fattsfa6kion  of  both  fexea. 

February  14.,  1768. 

To  the  AUTHOR   of  ihe  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,  Feb.  ig,  ly^t, 

Y.  Z.  whofe  performances  promife 
entertainment  to  the  readers 
of  your  Magazine,  being  detected  in 
ufing  an  un)uftifiahle  method,  to  dif* 
fwade  a  young  gentleman  from  taking 
orders,  as  appears  in  lad  vol.  p.  464  t 
feems  now  to  be  better  reconciled  to  the 
facred  fun^ion,  and  by  his  panegyrick 
upon  a  work  he  has  raifed  from  obli- 
vion, to  point  out  a  road,  in  which  he 
himfelf  having  travelled  fafe,  cannot 
choofe  but  recommend  to  his  pupil. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


200  On  Romans 

at  the  ih*eight  «nd  ready  road  to  prt- 
rerment  ••  But  why  docs  your  cor- 
re^ondent  introduce  the  Oxford  pro- 
feftbr,  as  he  is  pleafed  in  Teeming  de- 
rifion  to  call  him,  and  treat  him  as 
the  conttaft  ef  his  diftinguidied  hero  ? 
To  revive  a  contention  between  Paul 
and  Apollos,  and  fet  thofe  at  variance, 
who  we  now  hope  are  perfedtiy  united 
in  the  fame  mind,  and  in  the  fame 
ladgment,  is  odious :  As  a  caution 
therefore  to  Y.  Z.  againft  pronounc- 
ing dogmatically  in  a  difputable  point, 
we  will  fuppofe  Mofes  to  have  been 
cited  in  form,  to  appear,  and  take  his 
trial  in  Wcftminftcr  hall,  whether  he 
was  an  ambaffador  fent  from  God  or 
not ;  and  that  the  divine  author,  be- 
ing retained  as  counfel  for  the  defen- 
dant, to  difjplay  his  oratory,  (hould  of- 
fer a  whimutal  plea  in  defence  of  his 
client,  without  fo.much  as  the  (ha- 
dow  of  truth.  A  fiftitious  ftate  of  the 
cafe,  fupported  with  citations  of  au- 
thorities without  number^  might,  we 
will  allow,  (hew  our  advocate  to  be 
an  bclluolibrorum  j  Butqucre,  would 
it  not  invalidate  his  caufe  in  the  opi- 
Dion  of  the  court,  and  give  occafion 
to  the  counfel  on  the  other  (ide, 
thus  to  retort  upon  him  ?    A  wife  ru- 


viii.    19.  April 

of  the  omiflion,  has  (Irengthnet)  the 
caufe  of  religion,  I  leave  others  ^m 
]udg«>    And  am 

Your  humble  fervant 


A.  B. 


Ta 


the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SI  R, 

TH  E  diflcrtation,  in  your  Maga- 
zine of  November,  on  Rom.  vxii. 
19.  &c.  put  me  upon  an  inquiry,  whe- 
ther  in  order  to  explain  the  pafTage^ 
it  is  not  nccefi'ary  to  look  back  to  the 
fifth  chapter,  where  the  apoftle  having 
(hewn,  that,  by  the  difobcdience  of 
Adam,  fin  entered  into  the  world, 
and  death  by  (in,  and  that  death  pafled 
upon  all  men,  for  that  all  havelinned; 
fo  by  the  obedience  of*  one,  the 
grace  of  God,  and  that  gift  by  grace 
came  upon  all  men,  unto  juftincation 
of  life  ',  that  as  fm  hath  reigned  unto 
death  through  Adam,  even  fo  might 
grace  reign  through  righteoufnefs  unto 
eternal  life  hy  Jcfus  Chriftj  by  whom, 
having  received  the  atonement,  tbey^ 
who  are  fpiritual,  being  jullified  by 
his  blood,  (hall  be  faved  from  wrath 
through  him.  And  proceeding  in 
the  eighth  chapter  to  (hew  the  diffe- 


ler,  commiflioncd  to  frame  laws  for    rcnce  between  the  fpiritual  and  carnal 


the  government  of  a  rebelliout ,  ftub- 
born  people,  will,  in  order  to  enforce 
obedience  to  his  laws,  and  keep  them 
from  revolting  to  a  pretended  fupre- 
macy,  propofe  every  motive  of  weight, 
and  Gonfequence,  and  omit  no  one 
fanfiion  of  reward,  or  punifhment, 
either  prefent,  or  future,  to  fecure 
their  fubmilTion,  and  faithful  allegi- 
ance to  their  rightful  fovcreign.  To 
fuppofe  Mofes  not  to  have  done  fo,  is 
to  fuppofe  him  ignorant  of  what 
would  (crvc  to  keep  the  Ifraelitcs  in  fuh- 
|e£iion,  and  at  a  diftance  from  rebel- 
lion and  apoftacy,  to  which  they  were 
notorioufly  prone.  A  true  believer 
can  never  fuppofe  this,  and  therefore 
will  conclude  with  great  confidence, 
that  Mofes  has  no^  omitted  the  im- 
portant fanition  of  a  future  ilatc. 
The  tribe  uf  infidels  and  freethinkers, 
taking  the  ipfc  dixit  of  a  great  name, 
for  pofitive  proof,  will  as  confidently 
affirm,  that  Mofes  has  omitted  that 
fan^iion,  and  was  therefore  ignorant 
of  it,  and  confequently  an  impoitor. 
Whether  Y.  Z.  in  deciding  in  favour 


man,  and  the  advantage  which  the 
one  hath  over  the  other,  how  that  to 
be  carnally  minded  is  death,  but  to  be 
fpirituaily  minded  is  life  and  peace, 
and  that  as  many  as  are  led  by  the 
fpirit  of  God,  they  are  the  fons  of 
God,  but  the  carnal  mind  is  entirely 
againft  God,  fo  that  they  that  are  ia 
the  flefh,  are  fold  under  fm,  and  can- 
not pleafe  God.  The  queftion  hence 
arifing  is  ;  whether  the  man  thus  bom 
after  the  fle(h,  void  of  all  fruit  of  the 
fpirit,  and  in  bondage  to  the  law  of 
fin  and  death,  is  not  the  fame,  whom 
the  apoftle  in  the  nineteenth  vcrfe 
llyles  a  creature,  and  whether  by  that 
word  is  not  meant  the  idolatrous 
heathens,  who  not  having  the  know- 
ledge of  God,  and  not  being  fubjeift 
to  the  law  of  God,  were  (liut  out  fronr\ 
the  privileges  of  the  fons  of  God  ? 
which  privileges,  the  apoftle  fets  at 
fo  high  a  rate,  ver.  18,  as  not  to  al- 
low the  fuiferings,  to  which  they 
who  walked  after  the  fpirit  (the  be- 
lieving Jews)  who  he  ttyles  the  fons  of 
God  were  expoied,'  worthy  to  be  com- 

paietl 
•  See  Mag,  far .Dectmbtr  lafiy  p,  629. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


iy€8. 


A  QjLT ESTiON  Solved* 


pared  with  the  g]of7  which  (hotild  be 
reveaJed  ia  them.  Which  glory  being 
mmifefted  by  the  coming  of  Chrift 
ill  the  fieihy  (the  expedlation  of  the 
Gentiles  at  well  as  the  Jews)  and 
preached  by  the  af>ofties,  even  the 
creatttre,  (the  carnal  man)  united 
with  eameft  expe^ation  for  the  ap- 
pearance of  it  in  the  Tons  of  God>  in 
hope  of  the  iorig  expefVed  prbmiicd 
fired,  whereby  he  himfeif  (hocrid  be  a 
psrtaker  of  the  fame  glory,  being 
delirered  from  the  bondage  of  cor- 
rspcioriy  unto  the  glorions  liberty  of 
tbe  ions  of  God  :  Including  the  whole 
twentieth  verfc  except  the  two  laft 
vardsy  within  a  Parentheiis.  I  fubmit 
to  tbe  judgment  of  the  learned,  whe- 
iber  from  the  eighteenth  vcrfe  to  the 
twenty -fourth,  the  following  para- 
fhrafe  up^o  the  text  is  reconcileable 
to  tbe  apoftles  meaning  : 

For  the  earneft  expe^ation  of  the 
CF»nire,  (of  mail  in  his  depraved 
fate,  carnally  minded,  and  not  ftib- 
]ed  to  the  law  of  God)  waiteth  for 
tiie  manifeftation  of  the  Tons  of  God, 
(for  the  appearance  of  the  glory  which 
ftnU  be  manifefted  in  the  font  of  God, 
tftafe  who  are  led  by  the  fpirit  of  God, 
tad  are  made  free  from  the  law  of 
fm  and  death,  in  hope,  (that  being 
redeen^ed  fro«n  under  the  curfe,  they 
aib  may  receive  the  adoption  of  fons.) 
For  tbe  creature  (the  Gentile  or  carnal 
man)  was  made  fabje6b  to  vanity,  to 
worfhip  and  truft  in  vain  Gods;  to 
walk  after  vanity,  and  things  wherein 
there  is  no  profit  •)  not  willingly,  but 
by  reafon  of  him  who  hath  fubje^Ved 
the  fame  (who  by  bis  tranfgrenion 
bath  fubje^cd  his  poderity  to  the 
pover  of  vain  imaginationit,  fuch  as 
RukingGods  untothemfel ves,  and  lerv. 
i/iFthem  which  are  no  Gods,  the  fatal 
ffe^ofourfirftparentsdifobediencef) 
Becaufe  the  creature  itfelf,  (the  carnal 
man)  (hall  be  delivered  from  the  bon- 
dage of  corruption.  (The  diftin€lion 
Veureen  Jew  and  Gentile  being  rcnlev 
ed;  the  Gentiles  alio  (hall  be  redeemed, 
ai^  made  free  from  the  law  of  fin  and 
death.)  For  we  know  that  the  whole 
crtation  (every  creature  both  the  un- 
heliering  Jew  and  the  Gentile)  groan- 


20 1 

ctb  afld  travatleth  in  pafo  together  tui. 
til  DOW)  and  not  only  they,  butw>< 
ourfelves  alfo,  (the  believing  Jews) 
which  have  1  he  firft  fruits  of  tbe  fpirit^ 
(which  are  the  fit^  born  of  the  goi^d, 
heirs  of  the  promife  and  joint  heirs 
with  Chrift)  even  we  ourfelves  groan 
within  ourfelves,  for  the  adoption,  to 
wit,  the  redemption  of  ottr  'bodiei 
(the  renewal  of  our  carnal  and  cormp- 
tiblf  part  fubjed  to  death  flie  wages  of 
fm.)  Admitting  the  above  not  to  ba 
foreign  to  the  meaning  of  the  apdfliey 
the  following  verfcs  to  tbe  ti^cai^i 
eighth  are  eafily  expbined. 

Your  bumble  fervanf.   - 
February  as,  1768.  N.  N* 

Solution  to  thi  Slf^Jlion  in  our  UfttnLp* 
674^  by  tbe  Propofir. 

TRANSPOSfE  all  the  terms  on'  the 
fecond  fide  of  the  equation,  atid 
range  them  according  to  the  dimen- 
fions  of  the  higheft  power  of  x,  and 
the  equation  becomes, 
if 5  —  loaxA  -f.  4oa^Arl  —  SokHx*  + 
Sotf4jr  —  3i/x5  2:  o;  now  this  plainly 
appears  to  be  the  5th  power  of  a  refi- 
dual  ;  and  in  any  power  of  a  binomials 
or  refidual,  if  each  term  ht  multiplied 
by  the  index  of  the  unknown  quan- 
tity therein,  (and  divided  by  ^hat  \% 
common)  it  will  thereby  be  reduced 
to  the  next  iafcrior  power,  thus  ^x^ 
—  4orMf*  +  iioa^x^  —  iSoa^x^  + 
%oa^x.  Now  divide  by  5*,  and  we  have, 
xA  —  %ax^  +  «4<wr-  —  32/iljf  +  160*. 
Again  4jr4  —  li^ax"^  +  48^*"*  —  ^ialx} 
Now  divide  by  4;r  and  we  have  xi  -^ 
6ax^  -f  iia^x  —  8^5.  Again  3XJ  — 
iiax*  -1-  txaT,  Now  divide  bv  ^jt, 
and  we  have  x^  —  /\mx  -|-  4^.  Again, 
2;r*  — -  4AX'  this  divided  by  %x,  and 
we  get  X  — '  %a  ==  o  :  x  iz  2a  zz  tZ 
her  age  required. 

Extras  from  The  Cife  of  the  Dnke  of* 
Portland,  refpeC^mg  two  Leafef 
granted  by  the  Lords  of  the  Treafury 
to  Sir  James  Lowther. 

ON  the  9th  of  July,  1767,  Sit 
James  lowthcp  prefented  a  me- 
morial to  the  treafury,  praying  a  gr^nt 
of  the  foreft  of  Inglei^^ood,   and  Soc- 


•  Jer.  xi*v.  ai.  Are  there  any  emong  the  vanities  of  the  G entiles ,  that  can 
taafe  rain  f  Or  can  the  beo'vens  (tbe  Godf  of  tbe  Gentiles)  giveJhQiMers  ? 

t  ASs  iciv.  15.  And  preach  unto  you  ^  that  ye  Jhoidd  turn  from  tbtfe  vanitiesi 
MMt9  the  living  God, 

April,    1768.  Q  Q  cajje 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


CASE        OF 


S02 

cage  of  the  Caftle  of  CarU(lB»  which 
the  duke  of  Portland  enjoys  under  a 
erant  from  King  William,  and  which 
^is  family  have  been  in  quiet  poiTefHon 
of  between  fixty  and  feventy  years. 
The  memorialift,  Sir  James  Lowther» 
(ays  he  is  informed,  that  the  poffcflTion 
ei  the  premifes  has  been  for  many 
years  withheld  from  the  crown,  and 
that  no  benefit  whatever  arifes  to  the 
crown  therefrom,  therefore  prays  a 
kaft  of  his  majefty's  intereft  therein, 
for  three  lives,  on  fuch  terms  as  to 
their  lord(hips  (hall  feem  meet.  This 
memorial,  the  board  of  trcafury  referr- 
ed to  the.  furveyor  general  of  crown 
Unds  for  his  opinion,  thereon.  His 
report  in  anfwer  to  the  board,  dated 
the  7th  of  Auguft,  1767»  fay»i  that 
the  forcft  of  Inglewood,  and  foccage 
of  Carlide,  were  not  iconveyed  by 
King  William's  grant  to  the  carl  of 
Portland,  but  were  dill  vcftcd  in  the 
crawn,  be  therefore  recommends  a 
Icafc  of  the  premifes  to  be  granted  to 
§ir  Jjtfnes  Lowther,  for  three  Jives  on 
ceruin  r^erved  rents,  viz.  50I.  per 
ann.  for  the  foccage  of  Carlide,  and 
15s.  4d.  for  the  foreft,  and. a   thir4 

Sirt  in  both  of  the  rent  of  fuch  lands, 
c.  as  (ball  be  recovered  from  the 
duke  of  Portland. 

This. report  of  the  furveyor  general, 
who  is  not  a  lawyer  himfelf,  was  re- 
Hirned  to  the  treafury  without  having 
taken  the  opinion  of  the  attorney  or 
(blli^itor  general,  though  en  a  point 
of  law,  or  hearing  the  duk<  of  Port- 
Jand>  lawyers  in  defence  of  his  title. 
This  officer  called  furveyor  general  is 
a  perfon  not  known  in  the  law,  nor 
in  any  fort  conneded  with  it.  He  is 
fuppofed  to  be  converfant  in  the  know- 
ledge of  metes  and  bounds,  afcertain- 
ing  the  value  of  lands  and  houfes, 
and  the  fetting  of  fines,  inconfequence 
of  fuch  knowledge.  Such  queftions 
as  thefe, .  and  not  points  of  laW|  are 
the  projjer  fubje^  of  reference  to  him  i 
for  he  js  no  more  than  a  keeper  of 
the  king's  maps  or  land  furveyor, 
and  neither  by  profeiTion  nor  office  has 
the  lead  conne6tion  with  the  law. 
The  prefent  furveyor  general  is  an 
elderly  gentleman,  who  has  loft  his 
iieht  by  aee,  and  is  himfelf  incapable 
of  bufineS,  which  therefore  devolves 
de  fa6io  upon  his  deputy  Mr.  Zachary 
Chambers.  Think  then  of  the  duke 
of  Portland's  title,  which  is  to  be  ei- 
i 


April 


ther  defeated  or  fupported  by  a'  lo»g 
train  of  precedents,  ufages,  conftruc- 
tions,  grants,  furve>s,  perambola- 
tions,  verdidls  and  innumerable  a6ts 
of  owtierfiup  for  three  hundred  years 
back  (from  the  time  of  Richard  HI. 
when  duke  of  Gloucefter)  being  de- 
cided between  the  9th  of  July  and  the 
7th  of  Auguft^  without  any  confulta- 
tion  with  the  crown  lawyers,  by  Mr. 
Chambers  the  furveyor's  deputy. 

I  would  not  aver  indeed  that  the 
lords  of  the  treafury  have  been 
entirely  deiUtute  of  dl  legal  help^ 
for  it  has  been  (hrewdly  fufpe^* 
ed,  from  the  impoffibility  of  an  ab* 
ftrufe  queftion  in  law  being  ftated  by 
fuch  an  officer,  that  Sir  James  Low* 
thcr's  lawyeis  affifted  to  draw  up  that 
report,  in  their  client's  fiivour,  which 
was  prefented  to  the  board  as  from  the 
furveyor  general. 

But,  to  return  to  the  narrative^ 
this  report  in  favour  of  Sir  James 
Lowther,  whether  drawn  up  by  his 
own  lawyer  or  the  deputy  furveyor, 
VI as  prefented  to  the  board  on  the  7th 
of  Augiifts  but  the  hoard  thought 
themfelves  under  no  obligations  to  in- 
form the  D.  of  Portland,  whofe  pro- 
perty was  fo  materially  attacked,  of 
their  proceedings,  though  his  agents 
attended  day  by  day  at  the  tresuury, 
from  the  middle  of  Augaft  to  the  end 
of  the  month,  upon  a  vague  report 
that  fomething  of  the'  lund  was  in 
agitation.  After  many  days  atten- 
dance, a  friend  of  the  duke  of  Port* 
land,  whom  his  agent  knew  (a  mem- 
ber of  parliament)  came  to  the  trea- 
fury upon  fome other  bufinefs:  through 
his  means  the  agent  applied  to  the 
fecretary  of  the  treafury  ifor  informs* 
tion,  who  anfwered  he  could  give  no 
papers  without  orders  from  the  board. 
Upon  this,  the  duke  of  Portland^a 
friend  applied  dire^ly  to  a  lord  of  the 
treafury,  who  procured  copies  of  what 
htd  pafied.  I  will  obferve  here  that, 
in  common  practice,  where  any  oneHs 
property  is  attacked,-  he  ought  to  have 
the  earlieft  notice  to  (land  upon  hi  a 
defence.  The  boaid  of  treafury  might 
have  informed  the  duke  of  Portland, 
at  any  time  between  the  7th  of  Au- 
gud  and  the  end  of  the  month,  for 
his  agent  attended  conftantly ;  the 
clerks  of  the  treafury  knew  this  yery 
well  i  bDt  even  fuppoGng  the  board 
not  to  know  of  the  ^genfs  attendance^ 

yet 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


jet  the  <liike  of 


tb^  Bttke  of  PoptUnd. 


Portliod  himfelf  » 
Bot  (o  entirely  unknown  but  tbat  thc^ 
(ecretary  of  the  treafury  might  have 
informed  him  by  letter. 

On  the  id  of  September  the  duke  of 
Portland  received  authentic  informa- 
tion (notwithftanding  all   the  filence 
and   refer ve  of  office)   of  Sir  Jamet 
Loirtber^s  memorial  and  the  furveyor 
seneral^ft  report,    for  fo  it  U  called. 
He  immediately  applied  for  a  fuipen- 
&>B  of  all  proceedings  in  the  matter* 
till  he  had  an  opportunity  of  laying 
his  title  before  the  board.     The  trca- 
ihry,  in  the  interim,    had  adjourned 
till  the  9th  of  O^ober,  and  during 
this  vacation,  all  lawyers  at  this  time 
of  the  year  being  abfent  from  Londoui 
tbe  duke  of  Portland  could  make  but 
Htde  progrcfs  in  preparing  his  title 
(ac  the  l^rd.     In  the  beginuing  of 
Odober  (riz.  on  the  Sth)  caveats  were 
entered  in  the  offices  of  the  chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer  and  the  auditor  of 
tbe  land   revenue  for  the  county  of 
Cumberland,   to  prevent  any  leafe  or 
rrant  paffing  to  Sir  James  Lowther  by 
farprife.     The  proper  fees  were  paid 
at  each  office,   and  the  caveats  receiv- 
C1I,  and*    for  a  greater  caution,  a  ca- 
veat was  entered  with  the  clerk  of  the 
patents  to  the  great  fcal.    But,  in  re- 
<pc^  of  the  board  of  treafary,  which 
b  not  an  office  of  law,    the  duke  of 
Portland,    inftead  of  a  caveat,    pre- 
feoted  a  memorial,  praying  to  be  heard 
by  counfel,   in  defence  of  his  own  ti- 
tle, before  the  board  proceeded  to  any 
zSt  in  conf^quence  of  Sir  James  Low- 
ther's  application. 

This  rcqueft  from  the  duke  o^  Port- 
land  to  be  heard  in  defence  of  his  ti- 
tle, before  the  treafury  came  to  any 
extermination  againft  him,  produced 
the  following  reply,  from  the  fecre- 
tary  oi  the  treafury  by  order  of  the 
board. 
Treafury  chamben,  Od.  10,  1767. 

My  lord, 
A  memorial  of  your  grace^s  to  the 
board  of  treafury,  with  rcfpc£t  to  the 
fore((  of  Inglewood,  was  delivered  to 
me  yefterday,  by  your  grace's  agent. 
I  did  not  lofe  a  moment  in  bringing 
it  before  the  lords,  I  gave  it  place  of 
all  other  papers,  and  upon  its  being 
read,  the  duke  of  Grafton  and  the 
other  lords  were  pleafed  to  direft  me 
to  acqueint  your  grace,  that  if  you  be 
pieced  to  lay  before'  them  a  ftate  of 


your  claim,  and  title  to  tbe  Ibref^  6f 
Ingleweod,  they  would  refer  it-ta 
the  furveyor  general,  and  fend  hini 
back  alfo,  at  the  fame  time  his  report 
upon  the  memoriai  of  Sir  Jamei  Low* 
ther  for  his  farther  confideration.  And 
I  am  dirtied  aUb  to  affure  y^ur  jfractf 
that  m  fiep  Jhau  be  taken  ttrwards  the  dg^ 
ctfion  of  the  matter  m  que^itn,  till  jmr 
grace's  title  boj  beenjiaud^  referrgd  twk 
and  reported  on  by  the  proper  Officer ^  and 
fully  and  maturely  eon/idired  by  tbe  board 
of  treafury, 
I  have  the  flonour  to  be,  &c. 

Grey  Coopbb« 
From  this  time,  the  duke  of  Port- 
land  trufting  to  the  full  aflbrancea 
from  the  board,  and  therefore  that 
his  laboui's  would  not  be  thrown 
away,  continued  to  employ  his  agents 
in  preparing  his  title.  Their  time 
was  employed  in  infpe£ti ng and  uking 
copies  of  a  great  variety  of  evidencct 
in  many  of  tlte  public  offices.  But  in 
order  to  examine  whether  the^  fa^ 
ftated  in  the  furveyor^s  report  were 
truly  and  impartially  ftated,  it  was 
thought  defirable  to  have  recourfe  to 
his  office,  to  infped  the  furveys,  court 
rolls,  and  muniments  on  which  he 
founded  his  report. 

The  agents  of  the  duke  of  Portland 
made  no  doubt  of  obtaining  permif- 
fion  to  infpe^^  the  furveyor*s  office  § 
accordingly  application  was  made  to 
Mr.  Chambers  for  that  purpofe} 
which  application  however  he  refufed 
to  comply  with.  This  refufal  of  Mr. 
Chambers  to  produce  the  vouchers 
for  the  contents  of  his  report,  did  not 
at  all  contribute  to  leflen  the  fufpi- 
cion  of  the  duke  of  Portland's  agents, 
that  the  fa6ls  alledg^  in  the  furveyor*t 
report  might  be  partially  ftated,  tho* 
the  treafurv  entertained  it  with  fuch 
implicit  deference. 

However,  upon  this  di&ppointment« 
the  dukf  of  Portland's  agents  think- 
ing they  could  fully  employ  their  time 
among  other  offices,  till  the  meeting 
of  parliament,  when  he  was  expe^ed 
in  town,  determined  fo  to  do»  and 
to  apply  to  him  when  he  came,  to  ob- 
tain an  infpe&ion  into  the  furveyor *f 
office.  Accordingly,  on  the.  15th  of 
November,  the  very  next  day  after 
the  meeting  of  parliament,  the  duke 
of  Portland  met  the  duke  of  Grafton 
at  couit,  and  had  a  conference  with 
him  on  the  lul)je£t.  In  a  few  days 
C  c  a     .  tht 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f04 


S  T  It  A  M  b   B      C  O  M  D  tJ  C  T 


tbedtikc  of  Po^land  prefeiit«d  «  tne- 
moria)  to  the  treaiury,  dated  Decern-* 
ber  the  fecond.  The  memorial  prays 
(ia  regmrd  ibat  ail  public  rtcmrdt  cugbi, 
0md  by  ail  courts  of  juiikaturt  art  dire^' 
Hi  to  bi  inf^eSedfor  thi  bi/ujSi  oftbe  far^ 
ttesimer^^}  an  order  from  the  trea* 
fury  for  the  in^pe^on  of  fucb  lurveyt^- 
court  it>U*y  &c..a«  related  to  the  mat- 
ter In  que^ion.  On  the  next  day  the 
jR^cretarV  of  the  treafury  informed  the 
duke  of  Portland's  agent,  that  their 
lordflitps  had  granted  the  requeft  as  to 
the  infpe^tion  of  the  furvevor's  officei 
not^upcn  the  foundation  of  right,  but 
as  a  matter  of  candour  and  civility, 
»nd  that  fuch  an  order  would  be  drawn 
up  by  Mr.  Watkins,  the  clerk  in  whofe 
department  fuch  bufinefs  wai. 

The  agent  applied  to  Mr.  Watkins, 
who  put  him  off  till  the  middle  of 
next  week  ;  the  order  was  afterwards 
called  for  twice,  the  firft  time  the 
clerk  was  not  in  the  way,  but  the 
next  day  appeared,  and  took  his  itt 
for  the  order,  and  faid  that  it  had  been 
fent  to  the  fnrvcyor  general  5  he  was 
applied  to  for  a  copy,  but  would  not 
give  one,  alledging,  that  the  order 
lent  to  the  furveyor  general  was  fuffi- 
cient.  Application  was  then  made  at 
the  deputy  furveyor's,  to  know  if  they 
bad  received  it.  They  denied  that 
9ny  Aich  order  had  been  /ent,  although 
they  had  returned  an  anfwer  to  the 
treafury  two  days  before,  remonftrat- 
ing  againft  any  order  for  infpe^tion 
by  thofe  who  litigate  the  rights  of  the 
crown.  Then  farther  application 
was  made  at  tbe  treafury,  to  bunt  out 
this  fuppofed  order  which  Mr.  Cooper 
had  told  them  the  lords,  out  of  their 
great  candour  and  civility,  had  given 
inftrudions,  for,  and  in  this  n^anner 
were  tbe  agents  tofied  about'  from 
pillar  to  poft.  from  tbe  sd  of  Decem- 
ber till  Chriftmas. 

But  notwitbftandsng  this  order  and 
the  jpromife  made  by  the  lords  of  the 
treafury,  witbnut  tbe  leaft  previous 
notice  or  citation  to  the  duke  of  Port- 
bnd,  to  Uy  the  particulars  of  his  title 
before  the  board,  and  while  his  arents 
were  preparing  his  title  under  inftruc- 
lions  from  the  board,  and  were  amuf- 
ed  with  the  expe^ation  of  an  order 
for  infpe^tion,  the  grants  were  ac« 
tnaUy  executed  (ail  but  the  Exche- 
quer feal)  before  tbe  duke  of  Port- 
land or  bis  agents  were  even  apprifcd 


April 

that  the  inrpe6Hon  of  the  fbrveyor** 
office  was  denied. 

A  motion  was  made  on  tbe  lytfa 
of  February,  r76S,  ih  pai-Hament  by 
Sir  George  Savile,  and  feconded  by. 
Sir  Anthony  Abdjr,  for  leave  to  brin^ 
in  a  bill  for  quieting  the  pofTeflions  or 
the  fubjed^,  and  for  amending  and 
rendering  more  effe^ual  an  aft  of 
the  lift  of  James  I.  for  the  general 
quiet  of  the  fubjeft  again  ft  all  pre- 
tences of  concealment  whaifoever. 

The  purport  of  this  aft  of  stft  of 
James  I.  is,  that  a  quiet  and  uninter- 
rupted enjoyment  for  60  years  before 
the  pafling  of  the  aft,  of  any  eftate 
originally  derived  from  the  crown, 
ihaTi  bar  the  crown  from,  any  right  of 
fuit  to  recover  fuch  eflate,  under  pre- 
tence of  any  fiaw  in  the  grant,  or 
other  defeft  of  title.  This  aft,  at 
that  time,  therefore  fccurcd  theriglua 
of  fuch  as  could  prove  their  pofTeflibnr 
60  years,  but  by  it's  very  nature,  has 
been  continually  dimini(hin|^  in  it*s 
efFeft,  and  departing  from  it's  prin- 
ciple, fince,  St  would  now  become  as 
neceilary  to  prove  a  pofleflion  of  105 
years,  as  it  was  then  to  prove  60. 
Thus  by  a  kind  of  retrograde  inver- 
fion  of  the  principle,  fecurity  waftes 
and  weakens,  inftead  of  gaining 
flreneth,  by  time  and  pofTtflion  :  And 
he  who  has  longeft-cnjoyed,  is  the  moft 
perplext,  and  majr  now  be  moft  lia- 
ble to  any  vexatious  law- fuit,  that* 
any  board  of  treafury,  to  Urvt  any 
clandefHne  porpofi!,  may  at  any  rime 
pleafe  to  iimitute.  The  propo(kl  to 
amend  that  bill,  and  to  render  it  mpre 
effeftual  towards  tbe  qniet  of  the 
fubjeft,  was  /imply  th>^  that  an  un- 
difturbed  poiTcmon  of  60  years  (or 
any  fuch  term  as  parliament  (hould 
have  thoueht  proper)  to  be  taken 
backwards  from  the  time  bein^,  fliould 
be  a  fecurity  from  any  fuit  to  be 
commented  by  tbe  crown,  or  any  of 
it's  minifters. 

This  motion  was  introduced  upon 
public  grounds,  and  foppprted  upon 
thofe  principles  only,  without  any 
]>0rronal  attack  upon  the  adminiftra- 
tion  or  the  members  of  the  treafury^ 
nay  exprefsly  guarded  againft  even  the 
appearance  of  ferving  any  immediate 
and  perfonal  purpofe,  or  taking  in  any 
pendent  or  recent  cafe. 

The  leaders  of  the  late  parHament, 

with   all  their  ftore  of    prerogative 

doArincs^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ijet. 


Of   the    T 


ifedrinet  ooWkl  not  look  k  in  the  fzct^ 
but  after  baling  expofcd  the  blackneft 
of  tlieir  fecret  tboaghtt,  even  with  a  ve» 
ml  najoritv  of  tb recto  oneonanyother 
qoeltion»  tocy  did  not  dare  to  divide 
vpon  tliist  their  moft  implicit  depen- 
<Saats  tt  any  other  time  having  refuied 
to  iight  vnder  the  high  flying  banners 
of  prerogative  (et  up  by  them.  Be- 
ing defeated  in  this  attempt,  tiiev 
cook]  only  obtain  a  delay  of  this  bill, 
after  the  univerfal  (enfe  of  the  hoiif« 
(the  few  minifterial  advocates  for  pre- 
rogative excepted)  was  exprefled,  for 
taking  up  the  caufe  in  the  firft  fefTion 
of  the  next  parliament.  Even  this 
delay  was  carried  only  by  a  majority 
of  twenty. 

Two  parts  of  a  plot  may  be  going 
cm  together,  but  tt  is  not  e^y  to  de- 
loibe  them  in  the  fame  breath.  The 
poor  agtnu  are  all  this  time  quite  in 

the  dark^  though  continually  attend-    an  order  from  the  board  of  treafory 
They  are  mm-    as  any  common  clerk,    in  refptSt  to 


R  t  A  t  u  R  y«  205 

aay  memorial  from  the  duke  of  Porr- 
laiid*s  counlel,  who  are  gentlemen  of 
the  firft  eminence  in  the  law,  and 
were  then  in  towni  and  the  confe- 
ooence  was,  that  the  leafes  wens 
ugned  and  executed  by  the  lords  of 
the  treafory,  and  nothing  remaijied 
but  the  chancellor  of  the  £xchcquer*t 
feal  to  be  affixed,  before  either  tba 
dojce  of  Portland's  agents  or  lawyers 
were  apprifisd  of  the  matter. 

As  foon  as  information  arrived  from 
the  duke  cf  Portland  of  thefe  pro- 
ceedings, bis  agent  waited  upon  the 
chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  to  pre- 
vail  upon  him  to  withhold  the  ieal  in 
conlequence  of  the  caveat  entered  at 
bis  office.  His  lordihip  faid  that  he  was 
prefled  to  affix  the  feal  iniUntaneouf- 
ly,  that  as  Chancellor  of  the  Exchtf* 
quer  he  coniidered  himielf  a  mini- 
Aerial  officer,  and  fubjefl  as  much  ta 


tag  at  the  treafury, 
magtag  for  an  order  to  infpe6l  the 
fnrveyor*e  office,  a  week  after  it  was 
all  over.  Thofe  who  were  in  the 
iecret,  and  knew  what  was  paffing  at 
the  boafd,  muft  la«gh  in  their  (leeve  j 
aad  to  prolong  the  entertainment  a 
few  days,  the  fecrctary  of  the  trealury 
wrote,  on  the  aid  of  December,  to 
the  duke  of  Portland,  who  was  150 
miles  off  in  the  country,  that  all  was 
over,  and  the  grant  ordered  to  Sir 
James  Lowther,  inftead  of  having  five 
days  before,  when  the  order  to  pro* 
ceed  in  the  leafcs  was  iigned,  in- 
formed bis  agent,  who  was  in  the 
lobby  the  very  day  and  hour  when 
that  order  was  made  out.  A  trufty 
office  truly !  where  Mr.  Watktns  the 
clerk  is  receiving  a  guinea  fee,  to  exa- 
mine the  treafury  books  (viz.  on  the 
17th  of  December)  for  the  fyt\*poM 
order  for  infpe^ion,  in  the  fame 
brrttfa  that  the  board  having  fuperfed- 
cd  that  order,  is  proceeding  to  deci- 
fian  with  the  utmoft  difpatch !  had 
they  ftock  to  their  favourite  principle 
ef  doing  things  the  (horteft  way,  they 
mi|ht  have  informed  the  agent  of 
tbar  proceedings  upon  the  fpot,  and  • 
at  the  verj  time  of  their  determination, 
inAcad  -ot  concealing  them  t4i  a  clan- 
define  manner,  till  the  hk  day  before 
the  holydaiys,  and  then  (ending  the 
intefflation  three  hundred  miles  round. 
There  can  hnve  been  no  other  inten- 
tioo  in  all  thip  fecrccy  but  to  avoid 


his  fead  to  grants,  and  therefore  could 
not  withhold  it.  I  will  venture  to 
fay  this  is  (6  far  from  being  the  cafe» 
that  the  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer 
is  one  of  the  firft  legal  officers  in  the 
kin^om.  and  that  the  very  purpofe 
of  his  being  annexed  to  the  board  of 
treafury,  is,  that  he  may  be  a  judicii4 
controul  upon  the  a61s  of  that  board. 
At  leaft,  fo  fays  Maddox  in  his  hif- 
tory  of  the  Exchequer.  The  com- 
miffioners  are  f  uppoied  to  a&  upon  the 
common  principles  of  jufHce,  they  are 
fuppoftd  to  take  the  advice  of  the. 
crown  lawyers,  they  are  foppofed  to 
hear  the  counfcl  of  the  parties  con- 
cerned, or  the  panies  themfelves,  (and 
furely  not  the  lefs  fo  for  having  given 
the  moil  folemn  airuranccs)  but  in 
cafe  of  any  notorious  diflaiisfadion, 
the  parties  have  a  right  to  enter  a  ca- 
veat before  the  Chancellor  of  the  Ex* 
cheouer,  and  to  appeal  to  him  as  a 
legal  officer  of  controul,  and  not  as  a 
mere  deputy  clerk  to  the  treafury,  and 
if  upon  a  legal  confideration  of  the 
matter,  the  Chancellor  of  the  Exche- 
quer (ees  fuflicient  caufe,  he  may  in 
right  of  his  office  refufe  to  affix  his 
feal.  But  to  put  this  out  of  the  quef- 
tion,  I  can  produce  a  cafe  in  point, 
which  happened  when  the  duke  of 
Newcastle  was  firft  lord  of  the  treafury, 
and  Sir  George  Lyttelton  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer.  A  leafe  was  or- 
deied  to  be  made  out  by  the  board  of 

tfeafury 


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206 


L     I     F     E        O     F 


April 


treafuryi  in  favour  of  the  corporation 
of  Plymouth.  The  defendant  entered 
a  caveat  at  the  ieal  of  the  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer.  The  Chancellor  of 
the  Exchequer  withheld  his  feal  $  the 
diefendant  was  heard  by  his  counfel» 
and  the  ieafe  revoked.  I  quote  no 
obicure  cafe ;  the  living  witnelTes  to 
this  tranfa^ion  arc  (among  others)  the 
duke  of  Nswcaftle,  Lord  Lyttelton, 
Ix>rd  Mansfield,  the  earl  of  Northing- 
ton,  and  Lord  Camden,  having  adl 
been  parties  to  it. 

It  vrould  be  abfurd  to  fuppofe  any 
ofBcer  having  the  king's  feal  in  his 
cuftody,  and  refjponfible  for  the  exer* 
cife  of  it»  to  be  mbfervient  like  a  mere 
derk  of  the  treafury ;  bcfidcs,  the  ve- 
ry right  of  his  office  to  receive  a  ca- 
veat,  is  a  proof  of  his  judicial  capacity. 
Whoever  heard  of  a  caveat  entered  at 
the  deik  of  a  common  clerk  ?  I  hope 
this  plea  of  the  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 
chequer, being  merely  minifterial  at 
to  his  feal  to  grants,  will  not  be  efta- 
blilhed  into  precedent,  as  the  mutual 
^heck  of  offices  upon  one  another  is  a 
principal  barrier  to  the  property  of 
the  fubje6^,  anfl  as  fuch  a  precedent 
would  defeat  the  very  main  fecuriiy 
in  future  times,  againft  the  encroach- 
ments, ioiuftice,  and  infolence  of  of- 
fice. How  different  the  fate  of  this 
caveat  has  been,  compared  with  ano- 
ther which  has  been  lately  entered  at 
the  privy  feal !  The  earl  of  Chatham's 
health  not  allowing  him  to  attend  to 
buiinefs,  the  privy  feal  is  put  into 
commiiTion  for  no  other  purpofe,  but 
to  hear  counfel  upon  that  caveat,  not- 
withftanding  the  Lord  High  Chancel- 
lor, (whofe  abilities  and  integrity  to 
enquire  into  the  fubje^-matter  of  that 
caveat  no  one  can  doubt)  remains  in 
order  after  the  privy  feal,  to  give  the 
defendants  a  fecond  hearing. 

The  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer 
at  a  legal  officer  ranks  next  to  the 
Lord    High    Chancellor,    and    tikes 

Srecedence  of  the  Chancellor  of  the 
>uchy  of  Lancafter,  and  both  chief 
juftices.  It  is  great  condefcenfion 
in  him  to  a6t  the  fubmiffive  part  of 
a  mere  indented  clerk  ;  but  if  he  had 
ftood  up  to  the  dignity  of  bis  office, 
the  board  of  treafury  could  not  have 
avoided  hearing  counfel  at  law,  which 
might  perhaps  have  defeated  their  de- 
iigns  of  granting  away  the  duke  of 
Pordand^s  property  to  Sir  James  Low* 


thcr.  Nothing  furely  can  bear  fo  lit- 
tle the  appearance  of  iuftice,  at*  for  a 
board,  without  the  leaft  fmatteringr 
of  law,  among  the  members,  without 
confultine  the  crown  'lawyers  in  a 
matter  of  very  abftrufe  law,  who  are 
bound  ex  officio  to  give  their  advice^ 
refuting  to  hear  the  defendant's  coun  - 
fel,  and  during  the  adjournment  of 
tlie  board,  when  no  memorial  could 
have  accefs  to  them,  even  if  the  par- 
ties attacked  had  been  apprized  of 
their  condud)*,  which  ^as  focautioufly 
kept  out  of  fight. 

The  Life  of  Pope  SFxtus  V,   coniimutd 
fromp,  151, 

ALEXANDkINO,  and  the  cardi- 
nals  of  his  party,  foon  found 
means^  by  varigus  arts,  to  brin^ 
over  numbers  of  the  cardinals  for 
Montalto,  and  to  divide  the  reft. 
'*  During  thefe  cabals>  Montalto 
kept  clofe  in  his  cell,  without  ex- 
preffing  the  lead  defire  or  expedtation 
of  the  papacy;,  though  there  was 
not  any  of  the  cardinals  that  had  fo 
much  reafon  to  hope  for  it.  When 
tJie  heads  of  the  party  called  at  hia 
^  chamber- door,  as  they  paffed  by,  to 
inform  him  how  the  ele6lion  went  on, 
and  who  had  declared  for  him ,  he 
ufed  to  fay,  ««  The  difficulties  you 
meet  with  ia  the  Conclave  are  not 
worth  notice  $  I  doubt  you^ll  find 
much  greater  in  the  Vatican.  Let  me 
conjure  you  not  to  think  of  cbufing 
me,  except  you  will  be  content  to 
bear  the  whole  burden  of  the  govern- 
ment you  rfelves.**  This  was  what  the 
garaefters  call  a  ftueetner,  to  draw 
them  on,  and  made  them  labour  more 
earneftly  for  his  exaltation. 

After  all  things  had  been  made 
ready,  by  the  partizans  of  Montalto, 
St.  Sixtus  led  them  into  the  chapel  to 
begin     the     adoration    immediately. 

**  After  they  had  taken  their  pla- 
ces, a  fcrutiny  was  propofed.  But  St. 
Sixtus,  either  out  of  impatience,  or 
for  fear  any  fudden  change  might  hap> 
pen,  or  defirous  of  feeming  to  have 
the  principal  hand  in  this  ele^on, 
ftepped  out  of  liis  place  to  AlexandrU 
no,  and  taking  him  by  the  hand,  they 
both  went  up  to  Montako,  and  cried 
out,  a  Pope,  a. Pope ;  the  greateft  part 
of  the  cardinals  following  their  exam- 
pie,  and  approving  of  what  was  done.^* 

**  Wliilit  they  were  crowding  tov^ards 


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176^ 


S  I  X  T  U  S     V- 


>lofitalto  to  t:drigt^tulate  him,  he  fat 
cDoghiDe  and  weeping,  as  if  forae 
great  misfortuno  had  befallen  him. 
lot  when  the  Cardinal  Dean  ordered 
ihcm  to  retire  to  their  reft>eaive 
places,  that  they  might  proceed  to  a 
regular  fcrutinyj  he  drew  near  to 
St.  Sixtns,  and  whifpered  in  his  ear, 
"  Pray  take  care,  that  the  fcrutiny  is 
of  no  preiudice  to  the  adoration  ;^* 
which  wa»  the  firft  difcovery  he  made 
of  his  ambition.  St.  Sixtus  was  ex- 
rremely  farprized  to  fee  a  perfon  who 
Wd  always  pretended  to  be  totally  ig- 
Borani  of  all  the  forms  and  ceremoni- 
als that  are  praftifed  in  the  conclave, 
fowell  acquainted  with  the  niceft  and 
soft  delicate  circumftance  of  the  elec- 
tioQi  and  that  he,  who  had  hitherto 
fecmed  quite  indifferent  about,  or  rather 
afraid  of  the  papacy,  fhould,  on  a  fud- 
iep,  be  fo  apprelienlive  of  being  difap- 
potnted  of  it.  However,  it  being  now 
too  late,  at  he  thought,  to  recede,  he 
fpoke  to  Alexandi  ino  ;  and  when  the 
Dean  wa«  beginning  the  fcrutiny,  they 
both  got  up  and  protefted  againft 
its  being  any  prejudice  to  the  adora- 
tion. 

It  was  obferved,  that  after  it  was 
b^un,  Montaito  walked  backwards 
ind  forwards,  and  feemed  to  be  in 
great  agitation  of  fpirit  5  but  when  he 
perceived  there  was  a  fuflicient  num- 
ber of  votes  to  [ecure  his  eleflion,  he 
threw  the  ftaff,  with  which  he  ufed  to 
ibpport  him(eif,  into  the  middle  of 
the  chapel,  ftretched  himfelf  up,  and 
appeared  taller,  by  almoft  a  foot,  than 
be  l»d  done  for  feveral  years,  hawking 
and  fpitting  with  as  much  ftrength  as 
a  man  of  thirty  years  old. 

The  cardinals,  aitoniihed  at  fo  fud- 
den  an  alteration,  looked  at  him  with 
2niizement  5  and  Farncfe,  obfcrving 
by  forae  iigns  that  St.  Sixtus  and  Alex- 
andrioo  already  began  to  repent  of 
their  forward nefs  i"  this  el^aion,  faid 
aload,  *•  Stay  a  little,  foftly,  there  is  a 
niiftake  in  the  fcrutiny;"  but  Montaito, 
■nth  a  Item  look,  boldly  anfwered, 
"  There  is  no  miftake;  the  fcrutiny 
is  goad,  and  in  due  formj^*  and  im- 
nediately  thundered  out  the  To  Deum 
him^f,  in  a  voice  that  made  the 
cliapel  (hake.  Of  fuch  confequence, 
liinetimcs,  it  courage  and  pscfence 
of  mind:  For  if  he  had  not  a£ted  in 
this  manner,  there  is  no  doubt  but  Co 
faddcn  a  change   of  behaviour,    and 


207 


the  Dean's  faying,  "  There  was  a  mif- 
take  in  the  fcrutiny,^'  would  have 
oVerfet  the  whole,  and  pat  a  ftop  to 
his  eleAion,  if  the  Cardinals  had  fe- 
conded  him.  JBut  they  all  Hood  dumb 
and  motionlefs,  looking  at  each  other, 
and  biting  their  lips.  What  feemed 
moft  ftranee  was,  that  Farnefe,  Dean 
of  the  college,  a  man  of  long  expe- 
rience and  great  authority,  of  a  bold 
and  refolute  difpofition,  haughty  and 
difdainful  in  his  carriage  to  every  bo- 
dy, ihould  begin  the  attack  with  fo 
much  fpirit,  endeavouring  to  (et  z-^' 
fide  the  fcrutiny,  by  declaring  tbcrt 
was  a  miftake  in  it,  without  offering 
to  proceed  any  further,  or  fpeaking 
another  word,  againft  a  man  that  he 
hated  and  defpifed.  That  fo  manf 
heads  of  fa6Hons,  fucli  a  number  of 
papable  cardinals,  who  might  have 
had  an  opportiiniry  of  advancing 
themfelves,  or  their  friends,  (hould,  ia: 
an  inftant  become  fo  tame  and  fpirit- 
lefs  that  it  looked  like  an  infatuation. 
It  is  certain,  that  if  the  dean,  whofe 
office  it  was  to  (ing  the  Te  Deum, 
had  commanded  Montaito  to  defift, 
the  other  cardinals  would  have  fup- 
ported  him  in  it,  and  he  had*been  for 
ever  excluded. 

When  they  came  to  that  verfe  in  the 
Tc  Deum,  fVe^therefore  prey  tbetf  help  tbf 
fervants,  nvbom  tbau  baft  ndeenud  awtb 
thy  precious  blood \  he  threw  himfelf 
upon  his  knees  before  the  altar,  and, 
after  it  was  finiihed,  made  a  (horc 
prayer,  according  to  Cuitom,  which 
was  purely  mental)  for  it  was  remark- 
ed, that  he  never  moved  his  lips,  but 
kept  his  eyes  attentively  fixed  upon  a 
crucifix  alt  the  time. 

Whilfl  he  was  in  this  pofture,  Bom- 
bi,  fird  mafter  of  the  ceremonies,  came 
to  him  (as  is  uiual)  and  faid,  '<  My 
lord  cardinal  Montaito,  your  emi- 
nence is  duly  ele6^ed  popej  the  holy 
college  defires  to  know,  whether  you 
pleafe  to  accept  the  papacy  j^^  to  which 
he  replied,  fomewhat  fharply,  *•  It  ia 
trifling  and  impertinent  to  aik,  whe- 
ther I  will  accept  what  I  have  already 
accepted,  as  I  have  fufficiently  fhewn, 
by  Anging  the  Te  Deum.  However, 
to  fatisfy  any  fcruple  that  may  arife,  I 
tell  vou,  that  I  accept  it  with  great 
plcafure,  and  would  accept  another,  if 
I  could  get  it ;  for  I  find  myfelf  flrong 
enough,  by  the  divine  afllilance  to 
manage  two  papacici." 

Farnefe, 


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208 


DtS  AP  POINTMJNSr    OF 


.  Famtfef  wko  flood  near  hii9»  hear- 
ing this,  fiid  to  St.  Severiao,  «<  The 
^enUemen  that  took  upon  them  to 
condu£k  this  eledion»  thought  to  have 
en|rrofl*ed  the  whole  adipiniftratioa  of 
\fhin  to  them  (elves,  by  chufmr  a  fool 
and  an  ideot  $  but  I  plainly  (ee,  we 
£ave  got  a  pope  that  will  make  fools 
and  ideots  both  of  them  and  ut;*^^  Sf« 
Qeverino  only  Ihru^ged  up  his  (houU 
ders»  and  faid,  "  the  Lord  have  mercy 
upon  us  alL^* 

,  When  he  was  afked,  what  name  he 
would  take  I  he  anfwered  Sixtus  V. 
which  he  did  in  honour  to  Pope  Six- 
tus IV.  who  had'likewife  been  a  moi^c 
bf  the  fame  order.  Some  fay,  out  of 
compliment  to  cardinal  Su  Sixtus  ^ 
but  this  does  not  feem  probable,,  con- 
iidering  the  little  r^fpedk  he  (hewed 
him  afterwards. 

It  was  obferved,  that, .  whilft  the 
cardinals  were  putting  on  his  pontifi- 
cal robes,  he  (I retched  out  his  arms 
with  great  vigour  and  aftivity ;  upon 
which  Ruflicucci,  nho  was  furprized 
a^  To  fudden  a  metamorphoiis,  laid  to 
Ijim,  in  a  fii^iiiar  way,  "  I  perceive. 
Holy  Father»  the  pontificate  is  a  fove- 
reign  panaioea,  iSnce  it  can  reftore 
youth  and  health  to  old,  (ick  cardi- 
nals (^  to  whkh  he  replied,  in  a  grave 
and  majeftk  manner,  **  So  I  find  it.** 

The  venr  moment  the  fcrutiny  waa 
#nded,  h«  bid  adieu  to  that  appearance 
of  humility  he  bad  To  long  worn  {  and 
kying  afide  the  civility  and  complai- 
fiince  he  u(ed  to  (hew  to  all  manner 
of  people,  behaved  with  great  ftate 
and  reserve  to  every  body  $  bvt  more 
particularly  to  them  that  he  had  been 
moft  obliged  to  for  his  exaltation  4 

This  immediate  change  in  the  new 
pope  was  a  thunder-clap  to  D*£(le, 
Medicis,  and  AJexandrino.  One 
might  perceive  evident  figns  of  repen- 
tance in  their  faces  before  the  ele&ion 
was  well  over.  Cardinal  Farnefe  faid 
to  Sforza,  at  they  were  going  out  of 
the  tonclave^  "  Charles  V.  refigned 
bis  crown  in  the  morning,  and  re- 
pented of  it  in  the  evening;  but  I 
fancy  thefe  gentlemen  (pointing  to 
them)  have  begun  their  repentance  al- 
ready.''  *'  It  will  be  well  for  them," 
replied  Sforza,  '*  if  their  repentance 
does  not  lad  longer  than  the  erope- 
for's  did." 

After  he  was  drefTed  in  -his  robes, 
he   afcended    the    pontifical   throne. 


AprU 

that  ftandt  over^agakift  the  altar  in 
the  chapel,  where  be  fat  with  fo  much 
Hate,  that  any  one  would  have  thought 
he  had  been  pope  feveral  year^.  The 
cardinals  advancing,  two  by  two,  to 
adore  binv ;  his  hoiiaefs  gave  them,  fe- 
parately,  tht  e/culum ^bsriiatu,  "The 
kifs  ot  charity,;*  upon  both  cheeks  f 
and  then  admitted  every  body,  that 
was  in  the  coodave,  to  the  honour  of 
kilTmg  his  feet.  It  is  faid,  when  Far- 
nefe came  amongft  the  re(C  to  perforn 
that  cerenoony,  he  did  it  with  greac 
reluflance,  and  (hewed  particular  figiia 
of  difguil,  at  proftrating  himfelf  be- 
fore a  perfon  of  his  mean  birth,  whom 
he  ufed  (b  often  to  call  in  derifion, 
"  The  dregs  of  the  conclave,  the  afa 
of  La  Marca,  ilinking  old  lazar," 
&c. 

Some  people  thought  he  faid  in  hia 
heart,  Nvn  tibifed  Puro,  «*  Not  to  thee» 
but  St.  Peter}*'  be  that  as  it  will, 
when  he  beheld  him  fitting  To  cre6l,  and 
with  fo  much  majclty  upon  the  throne, 
he  faid  to  him,  ««  Your  holinefa  feema 
a  quite  dilferent  fort  of  a  man  from 
what  you  was  a  few  hours  ago/*  *•  Yes, 
faid  he,  I  was  then'  looking  for  the 
keys  of  parailife,  which  obliged  me  to 
ftoop  a  little  \  but  now  I  have  found 
them,  it  is  time  to  look  upwards,  as  I 
am  aiiivcd  at  the  fummit  of  all  human 
glory,  and  can  climb  no  higher  in  this 
world.**  . 

When  the  adoration  was  finifhed, 
the  firft  cardinal  deacon,  a(ri(^ed  by  a 
mailer  of  the  ceremonies,  took  a  cru- 
cifix in  his  hand,  and  proceeded  into 
the  hall,  attended  bv  the  cardinals* 
t.aft  of  all  came  hf|  holincfs,  the 
chou"  finging  before  him  the  anthem^ 
Euifacerdos  magnuSf  qui  in  diebiu  fuis 
plaatit  DeOf  et  imjentus  eft  jufius^  ^c. 
Wliilft  this  was  performing,  the  cardi- 
nal deacon  caufed  a  window  to  be 
broke  open,  acd  (hewed  a  crucifix  10 
the  people,*  who  now  began  to  afiem- 
ble,  in  great  numbers,,  in  the  Piazza 
of  St.  Peter }  and,  at  the  fame  time, 
proclaimed  him  after  the  accu&omed 
manner,  Annunrio  *volfU  gaudiummag^ 
num^  etc.  ••  Behold  I  bring  you  tidinga 
of  great  joy  ;  the  moft  illu(tnous  Car- 
dinal Montalto  is  chofe  pope,  and  has 
taken  the  name  of  Sixtus  V. 

This  happened  upon  a  Wednefday, 
a  day  that  had  often  been  propitious 
to  him.  The  ftteets  immediately 
echo^  ^-ith  acclamations  cf  long  live 

Sixtus 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


THE     CARDINALS. 


209 


Siztiu  V  ;  the  gtmi  horn,  the  caftle  of 
Se.  Aogelo  were  itred  $  the  bells  rang 
in  every  church  and  convent. 

As  it  is  cuftomary  in  Rome,  at  the 
proclamation  of  a  new  pope,  for  the 
nob  to  run  diredly  and  plunder  the 
boule  where  he  lived  before  {  the  fol- 
lowers and  domefticks  of  every  cardi- 
mal,  that  it  likely  to  be  made  pope» 
reii^eraUy  take  care  of  that,  by  firip|>- 
ng  it  themfelves  beforehand  ;  ^nd,  if 
their  patron  does  not  fucceed,  brin^ 
every  thing  back  again.  But  at  this 
the  populace  was  not  in  any  great  hur- 
cy  to  go  to  Montatto,  **  Expelling, 
as  they  (aid,  to  find  nothing  there  but 
a  few  old  broken  chairs  ana  tables.** 

In  this  interval,  the  cooks  and  con- 
fe£Honers  of  the  conclave  prepared  a 
coUatioo,  at  which  the  popej>ronounc- 
ed  a  folemn  blefltng ;  and  after  he  had 
eac  a  mouthful  or  two,  and  drank  a 
gla(s  of  citron-water,  ortlered  the  ma- 
Ans  to  cm  wall  the  doors  of  the  con- 
cbve,  and  let  in  the  people. 

He  was  then  condu6^ed  to  the  cha- 
pel, and  adored,  a  fecond  time,  by 
the  cardinals.  This  adoration  was 
performed  by  kneeling  upon  the 
ground,  and  kiflfing  his  left- hand  only, 
whdft  he  gave  his  benedifiion  with  the 
rkht.  When  this  was  over,  a  mailer 
of  the  ceremonies  took  up  the  crucifix, 
and  walked  before  the  choir,  who 
iang  hymns  and  anthems ;  the  cardi- 
nals followed  two  by  two,  the  pope 
c»raing  laft,  carryed  upon  men's 
fiioulders.  As  they  came  out  of  the 
conclave  in  this  order,  he  gave  hU 
btcfling,  and  diftrihuted  little  cruci- 
fies to  the  Citizens  and  Grangers,  who 
flocked,  in  great  crouds,  to  fee  the 
new  pontif,  crying  out,  •*  Where  is 
he?  Which  is  the  pope?  This  cannot 
be  the  poor  old  cardinal,  that  ufed  to 
hhnt  away  in  the  ftreets.  Surely,  this 
cannot  be  father  Montalto,  nho  went 
tottering  about  with  a  ftafF.** 

In  hie  palTage  from  the  conclave, 
the  people  cryed  out,  long  live  the 
pope  I  and  added,  according  to  cuf* 
torn,  **  plenty,  holy  father,  plenty  and 
piftice  J  to  wljich  he  replyed,  •*  pray 
to  God  for  plenty,  and  Vi\  give  you 
jdKce.** 

When  he  arrived  at  St.  Peter's,  all 
thie  canons  came  out,  in  proce fTion  to 
meet  him,  finging  an  anthem;  and; 
betf»g  carried  up  to  the  great  altar, 
be  was  adored,  for  the  Im  timCi  by 

April,  176s. 


the  cardinals  kiffing  bis  feet,  whilft 
the  choir  fang  the  Te  Deum.  Whei^ 
that  was  over,  the  cardinal  deacon 
read  fome  prayers,  the  pope  fitting  all 
the  while.  After  this,  the  cardinal 
deacon  taking  the  mitre  off  his  head, 
he  gave  his  benedi6lion  to  the  people, 
with  a  very  ftrong,  clear  voiced  firetch- 
ing  out  his  arms,  with  all  the  appear* 
a  nee  of  great  ftrength  and  vigour. 
The  deacon  then  putting  on  his  mitre 
apin,  he  afcended  the  fteps  of  the 
altar  with  the  cardinals,  and  gave  a 
benediction  to  them  only  s  after  which, 
he  put  off  fome  of  his  pontifical  habi- 
liments, and,  getting  into  a  clofe  chaii: 
was  carried  t6  the  Vatican,  attended 
by  a  guard  of  fbldiers. 

When  he  got  thither,  he  was  fo  imi 
patient  to  exercife'  the  fovereienty,. 
that  he  could  hardly  be  prevailed  up- 
on to  defer  it,  according  to  the  cuf- 
tom  of  his  predecelTors,  till  he  was 
crowned  (before  which  it  is  not  ufual 
for  the  new  popes  to  itir  out  of  the 
palace  upon  >ny  occaiion  wbatfoever) 
telling  the  cardinals,  "  He  would  be* 
gin  to  reign  that  very  evening,  as 
there  was  great  need  of  immediate  re- 
formation," and  ordered  the  crown  to 
he  brought  dire6lly.  Nor  was  it  with- 
out the  utmoft  difficulty,  that  they 
perfuaded  him  to  put  off  his  corona- 
tion a  few  days.  Indeed  he  would  nc^ 
hear  of  it,  till  he  was  convinced  it 
was  not  an  effential  point,  and  that 
he  might  exercife  the  pontifical  au- 
thority in  as  full  and  ample  a  manner 
before,  as  after  that  ceremony  j  which 
gave  occafion  to  one  of  the  cardinals 
to  fay,  *<  he  never  faw  a  pope  fb  gree- 
dy of  command  before." 

After  moft  of  the  cardinals  had 
taken  their  leave,  he  eat  a  bifcuit  or 
two,  and  drank  a  ghfs  of  wine,  to  re- 
freili  himfclf,  and  then  was  conduced 
into  the  pope's  apartment,  whither  he 
was  attended  by  Alexandrino  and 
Rudicucci,  who  prcfTcd  him,  *«  T^ 
repofe  himfclf  a  little,  attcr  the  fa- 
tig  jes  of  the  day  ;"  but  he  anfwered, 
**  Libour  ihould  be  his  chief  pleaiurc." 
Upon  which  Alexandrino  took  the  li- 
berty of  faying  to  him,  **  Your  holi- 
net's  talked  in  a  different  drain  yef- 
terday,  and  the  day  before."  "  It 
may  be  fo,^^  replied  he,  "  but  I  was 
no:  pope  then." 

Rudicucci  met  with  another  rebuff, 
that  chagrined  liim  extremely.  The 
D  d   .  pope's 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Sixtus  hiccmis  #  mw  Man. 


210 

pope^s  robe  happening  to  lye  in  a  fold 
tjpcji  hw  fh^'tllem,  that  cardinal  was 
tndcsvourTng  to 'poll  it  {lr:tit  \  and  the 
pope  thinking  he  handled  him  rather 
tbo  freely,  f^id  angrily,  **  pr*»y,  Sir 
hot  quite  io  familiar  if  vou  pleare/' 
But  what  gave  the  iiniftiing  Rroke  to 
both  their  hopes,  wai,  thit  having 
taken  upon  them  tb  give'  dire^ions, 
««  That  nothing  (hould  be  wanting 
in  hi*  apartments;  he  faid  very  grave- 
ly, •«  You  need  not  put  yourfelves  to 
any  trouble,  gentlemen,  I  (hill  give 
orders  for  what  I  Want  itiylclf/*  Up- 
on which  Rufticucci  whifpered  to 
Alexandrine,  "  That*s  for  you."  **  1 
think,  replied  the  other,  **  it  it  for 
f6n  too,  if  I  am  not  miftaken." 

Whilft  he  was  walking  very  brifkly 
tbout  bis  apartment,  to  the  great  afto- 
Bf^ment  of  thofe  that  faw  him  (as  he 
Ufed  to   go  with  a  ftafF  before,    and 
that  with  much  difficulty)  brandifhing 
Bis  arihi,    and  ufin^   other  geftures, 
is  if  he  was  revolving  great  defigns 
in  his  mind,   the  fteward  of  the  houf- 
liold  came  to  alk  him,     '*  What  he 
f0^ouid    pleafe  to  have  for    fupper;*' 
Sixtusi  looking  fternly  at  him,    faid, 
**  Is  that  a  ufual  queflion  to  alk  a  fo- 
Vercign  prince?    rrcpare    us  a  royal 
banauet,   and  we  (hall  chufe  what  we 
like  be(l  ;*•  ordering  him  to  invite  the 
Cirdinals,  Alexandrino,  Medicis,  Ruf- 
iJcucci,  b'Efte,   St.   Sixtus,   and  Al- 
temptf .    D'Eftc  excufed  himfelf  (up- 
on  a    pretence   of  indifpofition)   the 
others  accepted  of  the  invitation,  and 
fbpped  with  his  holinefs,  not  much  to 
their  fatisfaftion  :  For  they  were  hard- 
ly fat  down  to  table,    when  he  began 
to  Jet  them  know  after  what  manner 
lie  intended  to  govern  i    and  expatiat- 
ed largely  upon  the  power  that  Jefus 
Chrift  had  given  to  St.  Peter,  in  mak- 
ing him  his  vicar  upon  earth,    often 
repeating  to  them,  Thou  art  Peter,  and 
nfon  this  rock  I  njuill  build  my  ckurcb  \ 
which  he  explained  to  them  after  this 
manner,  **  How  profound  and  incom- 
prehcnfible   arc   the    ways  of  God  1 
Jefys  Chrift  has  left  upon  earth  but 
ont  Peter,  but  one  pontif,    but  one 
vicar,    but  one  head  and  chief.     To 
bim  alone,  he  has  committed  the  care 
of  his  flock.     Thou  art  Peter ;    that 
l$to/ay,    thou  only  art  the  foverign 
pontiff}  to  thee  I  give  the  keys  of  the 
kingdom  of  heaven  j    thou  alone  flialt 
|)ave  the  power  to  bind  and  loofe  \  to 


April 

to  thee  I  give  authority  to.govtrn  and 
condu£l  n  y  church  }  to  thee  (who  art 
my  vicar)  and  not  to  others,  wh# 
are  but  thy  minillers  and  luboral- 
nates." 

The  eardinals  cafiiy  perceived  tlic 
drift  and  tcnourof  his  comment;  and 
that  all  the  golden  hopes  they  had  con- 
ceived of  rule  and  authority,  wcrd 
dwindled  into  phantoms  and  (hadowt. 
He  would  not  fo  much  as  fuffer  them 
to  make  the  leall  anfwer  :  and  if  any 
One  offered  to  open  his  lips,  he  inter- 
rupted him  witn  faying,  **  That  one 
head  was  fufficient  for  the  church/' 
Rufticucci,  however,  ventured  to  fajr. 
That  he  could  not  but  wonder  a  lit- 
tle to  hear  his  holinefs  now  talk  in 
that*  manner  ;  when  he  had  told  them 
fo  often  ih  the  conclave,  •*  It  was  not 
poinble  for  him  to  govern  the  church 
without  their  afliftance.**  «*  Very 
true,  replied  pixtus  "  I  bclicTC  I 
might  fay  fo,  and  I  thought  fo  at 
that  time  ;  but  now  I  perceive  myfclf 
(Irong  enough,  by  God's  afTiftancci  to 
govern  without  any  other  help.  Jf  I 
told  you  a  (lory,  you  mud  even  make 
the  beft  of  it.  I  iball  give  ray  con- 
fellbr  a  power  to  abfolve  me  from  that 
fin,  Vou  made  me  pope  for  your  own 
interefts,  and  I  accepted  that  honour 
to  do  the  church  a  fcrvice.''  With 
this  compliment  he  difmiffed  them, 
As  they  went  home,  Medicis,  who 
feemed  to  be  the  moft  chagrined,  faid 
to  them,  *<  It  is  high  time  to  provide 
for  our  fafetyi  I  forcfee  a  great  flonn 
rifing." 

The  next  morning  there  appeared 
two  pafquinades  :  The  firlt  was  Paf- 
quin,  holding  a  faueczed  turnip  in  bis 
hand,  and  a  label,  with  thcfc  words 
upon  it :  **  M^y  my  head  be  mafhed 
like  this  turnip,  if  ever  we  cbufc  a 
monk  again.'* 

The  lecond,  had  more  wit  and  fa- 
tyr  in  it«  Pafquin  was  reprefented 
with  a  plate  full  of  tooth -picks  in  his 
hand;  and  Maiforio  afking  him, 
«•  Whither  he  was  carrying  them  :'* 
heanfwerec?,  "  To  Alexandrino,  Me- 
dicis, and  Rufticucci.''  That  the  rea- 
der may  perceive  the  fting  of  this,  it 
is  nccclfary  to  inform  him,  that  when 
the  Italians  have  a  mind  to  laugh  at 
or  make  a  joke  of  a  pcrfon  that  has 
mifcarried  in  any  enterpriT^,  it  is 
ufual  to  fend  him  a  tooth- pick,  hint- 
ing that  he  has  nothing  to  do  now, 

tiit 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


VozrtCAi  Essays  fe  April,  1768. 


bat  pick  hli  teeth.  The  fame  prc- 
ieat  IS  feat  (o  people  that  have  lately 
htto  turned  out  of  their  oiH^s  ;  this 
bebg  expUioed,  it  is  eafy  to  make 
the  application.  When  Farnefe  heard 
of  it,  he  could  not  help  hiugfaing,  and 
iaid,,  **  I  am  afrsiid  thcfc  gentieisen 
won't  be  the  only  people  that  will  Kave 
occafion  for  tooth-p^cks.** 

After  xiipy  had  been  gi^iltjr  of  thi« 
enw,  inftead  of  thinking  of  *ny  re- 
^ireTs,  ihcy  oniy  vented  their  gall^  by 
hying  the  fault  upon  each  other.  One 
liay,  foon  after  the  ele6(ion,  Alexan- 
drivv  D*E(le»  and  Medicit  lament- 
iopheir  misfortime,  and  corfing  their 
BttBnefs  of  fpirit,  and  ftupidity,  in 
differing  th^mfelves  to  be  duped  by 
fl»e  hypocrify  of  Montalto,  a;id  not 
daring  to  exert  themfelves,  when  they 
diicoTcred  it,  and  had  yet  time  enough 
to  have,  baffled  his  (chem^t}  Fafoefe 
^  *<  He  bad  done  hit  duty  in  round<» 


21 1 

in^  tiie  trumpet ;  but  that  no  body 
would  draw  their  Av  rd."  They,  on 
thexootrary,  accixftd  him  of  cowar- 
dice, for  proceeding  no  further,  aild 
faid,  "  They  were  ready  to  have  ff- 
conded  hiro,  if  he  h^d  ordered  Mon* 
t^ltp  to  leave  off,  wh^D  he  began  to 
fing  the  Te  Deum."  Thefe  fniitlei* 
complaints  were  ail  the  confolatioil 
they  hid  for  their  folly*  and  rather 
ferved  to  make  bid  worle  j  for  8ixtua 
hearing  of  their  murroucs  and  motuai 
upbraiding?,  fent  for  them,  iind  faid 
fharply,  «*  We  are  informed,  that  you 
fepciH  of  your  choice}  and  that  ygu 
did  not  makt  a  fchifm  in  the  conclave^ 
by  breaking  o<f  the  (brutiay.  We 
would  have  you  to  know,  that  we 
don't  think  ourfelves  in  the  kaft  ob- 
liged to  you  for  the  papacy,  but  to  di- 
vine providence  alone,  and  our  own 
prudent  condu^.'* 

iTo  b€  concluded  in  our  uext.\ 


POETICAL     ESSAYS. 


AN         ELEGY 

^  tbt  Death    of   an    atniabU    fyife. 

Uj  m  QtutUiUau  offajbion, 

"laererr  varied  pofture,  place,  and  hour, 
"  Ho«  «ido«*d  every  Thought  of  every  joy  f 
''Thought,  bafy  thought,  too  bufy  for   my 
ptaee!  [PAIT} 

*  Strayi,  wretched  rover !   o*er  the  pieaftng 
"  la  fueft  of  wretcbednefs  perverfely  flrays  | 
"Aotfladi  alldeiarc  now. 

YOONG* 

19  9anqi*s  favoonte  groves,  slai,  bow 
chaag*d 
lyCliarlotte*t  death!  oft  let  me  devious 
ro»«  [r#ng*d, 

lo^l^g  grief  I    where  gladfoaie    once   1 
Is  fweet  fociety  with  peace  and  love« 

Oft  is  the  fileot  evening,  ill  alone, 
Vbcn  folemn  twilight  (hades  the  face  of 
^»  [moaai 

Tat  piaiotive  mufe   ftall  hither   waft   her 
^vk  ceadereft  paffion  here  inrpire  my  lay  ^ 

^bde  hours,  allotted  to  that  mufe*s  hand, 
Tabteft  cime  thy  memory  (hall  endear  | 

^bik  fo^  ideas  riCe  at  her  command, 
Aad  ia  bxorious  forrow  prompt  the  tear* 

^scsl,  ibft  frame  of  gentlenefs  and  love ! 

that  calm,  which  uiumph'd  o*€r  thy  psrt- 
iag  btf  ath  j 
Jsit btoomiag  texture  f»y  the  graces  wove  t 

-*Aa4  art  tnofc  cjss  for  ever  fet  ij^  dt^th  ^ 


Ouce  more— and  then^-fartwel !  one  linger* 

gtiing  view 
Tore  my  fond  (oal  from  all  it  held  fo  dear  s 
*Twa8  o*er  !-^' are wel-^my  joys :  Swesthopc^ 

afliea! 
—Adieu,  my  love  I-  -We  part  for  ever  here  i 

No  !  ia  the  fiill  of  night,  my  reftlcfs  thought 
Purfues  thy  image  thro*  its  change  uo- 
kcown  $ 

Steals  oft  unnoticM  to  the  dreary  v^ult. 
And  in  that  v^  ot  forrow  pours  my  own  I 

For,  6 nee  the  hour  th«  clos'd  our  b]oomin| 
fcci.e, 

Once  has  it  wander'd  from itsdarliog  tmft  f 
It  founds  thy  voice  j  ftiJl  ajnmates  thy  mien  ? 

And  haunts  thy  Oiimbers  in  the  (acred  duft. 

Each  coofcious  walk  of  tcndemefs  and  joy. 
Thy  faithful  partner  oft  alone  Aall  tread  ; 

Recounr,  while  angaiih  heaves  the  frequcoC 

f)gh,  [CbdB  I 

H6w  hlifa  on  blifs  thy  fmiling  in(iuence 

Though  mine  be  many— many  rolling  yeats  ! 

Exiaiac  thought  (hall  lingf  t  Aill  on  thee  ! 
Time  rolij  in  vain-— Remembrance,  with  h?/ 
tears  — 

—  To^  tbdt  have  kfi  an  argel—fity  me  P 

Thy  fmiles  were  mine— > were  oft)  and  only 

mine ; 

Nor  yet  forfonJc  me  in  the  face  of  death  i 

E'eo   now   ibey  live— ftiU  o'er  thy  beamicl 

Aline  s 

For  Fancy's  magic  can  reflors  ihy  brMth. 

I>  J  a  Painfal 


Digrtized  byCjOOQlC 


ill  Poetical  Essays /n  April,  176s. 

Palnfol  refleAjon  ! — cm  the  a£liye  niiod» 

Which  penetrates  the  vaft  expanfeof  da]r» 
Long  liDgoifh  in  tbii  pa]6ed  mafe  confinM, 

Nor  bur  A  thefe  fetters  of  obtnidiog  dajr  ? 
Ah,  no ! — She  beckons  me^for  yet  fhe  lives ! 

Livet  in  jon  regions  of  unfadinf  joy  t 
^he  points  the  fair  reward  that  virtue  gives  | 

—Which  chance^  nor  changci  nor  ages  can 
deihoy* 
Let  Folly  animate  this  tranfient  fcene 

With  every  Uoom  that  fancy  can  fopply ! 
Reflection  bends  not  on  a  point  fo  mean ; 

Nor  courts  this  momenti  fince  tht  next  we 
die. 
The  deareft  objeds  baften  to  decay  t 

(An  aweful  leflba  to  the  penfive  nfind  !) 
Too  Coon  my  Charlotte's  beauties  pafs*d  away : 

Nt>r  lefty  but  in  my  heart,  a  wreck  btbind! 


To  lit  Excelhnty  the  Ltr J  Fifcotint  Townthenif 
Lord  Li  utenant-'GeneraJf  and  General-Go^ 
verror  of  Iitland,  &c»  By  Dr,  Clancy. 
My  Lord, 

AMufe  that  once  attention  drew 
From  *  StaohopCy  Swift,  and  Mbntcf- 
quieu ) 
Bdt  now  to  deep  oblivion  doom'd. 
And  in  the  midft  of  life  intomb*d  \ 
Opprefs*d  by  fate,  and  wreck*d  by  time. 
Attempts  to  foftrn  into  rhyme. 

Tho*  difmal  night's  perpetual  ihade 
Spreads  her  dark  curtain  o*cr  my  bead  { 
Rous*d  by  the  found,  I  hear  your  name^ 
The  nation's  univer(al  tfaenie  } 
And  evcty  tongue's  loud  accents  fliow 
VThat  blcflings  from  your  wifdom  flow  } 
Who&  worth  and  guardian  care  excel 
All  that  old  Rome's  long  annals  tell. 

Some  tuneful  bard,  whofe  happier  days 
By  fortune's  favours  glide  in  eafe, 
Should  fing,  how  both  MinervaS  fpread 
The  laurel- wreathe  on  Townfliend's  head  \ 
Arrd  paint  him  in  his  curious  page. 


So  Pallu  is  that  heav'nly  goeft. 
Who  rules  the  motions  of  your  bread  |> 
Brings  all  your  innate  worth  to  light 
Which  cheers  the  heart,  and  charms  the  fight; 
And  can  with  cc[ual  power  infofe 
Soft  pity  for  an  outeaft  wmje, 
Dnrrow,  in  Ireland,  March  to,  176s* 

ri>€  POWER   •/  BEAUTYf 

Upon  feeing  LAURA  m  Courts 

FICTION  and  Troth  have  both  an  inftaace 
given. 
To  prove  the  force  of  female  charmt ; 
For  them  one  difobey'd  the  will  <^  heaven, 

Another  let  the  world  in  arms  I 
Of  all  the  blifs  planM  f%t  the  hmnaa  net 
■  An  apple  was  the  fatal  bane  % 
O  had  they  feen  fweet  Laura'a  lovely  face^ 

They  both  had  done  the  fame  again. 
Spite  of  tb'impendmg  woes  that  thieat  mao^ 
kind 
What  mortal  could  her  charms  withfland  f 
Paris  to  her  the  apple  had  refign'd. 
And  Adam  ta'cn  it  from  her  hand* 

SPRING!  ^ new  SONG  tf a/ CHORUS, 
Ferforwttd  at  Ranalagh, 

By  Mrs,  A  me,     Mru  Barthclemon,    Mr» 
Champnefs,  Mr*  Raworth,  Jrc.    - 

THE  birds  fweetly  catrol.  Spring  leads 
up  the  year. 


At  once  the  hero  and  the  j«/r, 
Like  Mars,  in  battle  wield  the  fword  ; 
Like  Neftor  grace  the  council-  board  | 
Like  Mofes,  bear  the  facred  wand, 
Deriv'd  from  heav'n  to  blefs  the  land. 

Thto'  the  rough  form  which  horror  wean. 
Thro*  pointed  darts,  and  brandifli'd  fpeais. 
Blind  Homer's  mufe  could  force  her  >» ay. 
And  find  where  Ammon's  offspring  lay  ! 
There,  on  bis  couch,  the  martial  flory 
Inflam'd  him  with  the  thirft  of  glory. 

But  how  (hall  my  weik  Cr<o  venture 
To  think  her  rugged  form  fliould  enter  j 
Where  courtly  elegance  it  plac'd, 
And  nice  dtrcernmer)t  forma  the  tafte : 
Where  Townfliend,  by  Apollo  taught. 
Can  flri£Viy  judceeach  line  and  thought. 

As  Cupid  from  her  lover  bears 
The  wiftiful  figh  to  Chloe's  ears  } 
And  tinges  with  perfuafive  arc 
ThchUlet'dDux  that  wioi  the  heart.— 


And  trips  ic  away  with  the  light-footed  hovfst 
In  fpiu  of  black  k^inter  that  fcowls  in  tht  rear. 
She  wakes  as  flie  pa6es  her  bMbma  ani 

flow'rt. 
C  H  0  a .    Then  fmile  with  the  (cafon. 
Ye  children  of  reafoi^. 
Her  ble/Tingt  let  nature  impart, 
.   Of  for  row  beware. 
The  Winter  is  care, 
But  joy  is  the  Spring  of  the  heart. 

White  nature    thus    fcattera   her  fragrance 
around, 

Inchaots  with  her  Mufic  the  foreft  and  grove { 

Embroiders   with  daifies  the   green  velvet 
ground,  ^love. 

And  brings  forth  the  feafon  of  rapture  ao4 
Smile,  fmile  with  the  feafon,  &c. 

New- life  fliould  flow  brilkly  and  dance  in  the 
veins,  [tree; 

As  it  (hoots  thro'  the  fibres  of  plant  and  of 

The  warmth  of  kind  nature  has  broke  l^a- 
rcr's  chtins. 

And  bids  all  creation  be  happy  and  free  ! 

Then  fmile  with  the  feaibn,  ftc« 

Aia.a  froi^,  wicked  frofl,  may  the  bloflbms  de- 
ft roy, 

I.ay  wafle  in  a  night  the  fair  hopes  of  the  day ; 

So  the  heart  may  be  nipp'd,  and  be  dead  to  ill 

To  guilt-Wighred  bofoms,  'lii  fVinterin  May, 
Then  fmile  with  the  feifon,  &c. 
Ye 

•   S0fi  tf  ChefterJirU, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Poetical  Essats  in  April,  1768; 


Tc  4«iic|btert.  of  fidtaio,  let  N«tare*t  own 

hand  [to  the  eyci  i 

Sficad  the  roTe  on  the  cheek,  give  the  glance 

la  tbe  gaj  round  of  pkaiures  let  pnidence 

COIDIBlIldy 

Moff  think  it  too  lofr,  t$  he  mtrry  and  mifi* 

Then  (mile  with  the  icafon,  tec  ' 
When  fpringii  too  forward^  *tls  nipp*d  in  the 

ImMMDj      « 

The  bod  and  the  boflbm  ii  blighted,  and  diet  | 
So  youth  in  her  beauty  may  meet  the  fame. 


Tkea  be  not  too/ommrd^^he  merry  and  wfi* 

Then  (mile  with  the  feafon,  &c 
ODE   M  «  Proijpea  •/  ALMACK*a  j^ 
fiwtkfy  JtMur* 

YE  ipacioaa fooms,  je  folding  doort^ 
Sternal  foes  to  reft, 
Where  grateful  pkaAire  ftill  adoree 
Her  Alaiack*a  much  ldv*d  tafte  : 
Ah !  happy  manfioM,  fweet  refbrtt 
Of  Britaia'a  matchleit  fair. 
Where  many  a  thoughtlclamift  difportt 
A  ftiaagci  yet  to  care. 
I M  the  g^let  that  from  yc  come, 
Aftfd  a  ibfi  tad  fioeet  ferfime  : 
Say,  ilr.  Rofe  •,  for  thou  haft  fees 
Fall  many  a  fptifhtJy-  r ace» 
Obedient  to  thy  Tiolio, 
The  patht  of  pleafui-e  trace. 
Who  foretnoft  now  delight  to  {hinc 
With  pliant  armt,  and  grace  diyine  f 
Th«  capdve  lorer  which  eathtall  ? 
How  the  coquette  exerts  her  art 
To  warn  fooke  Macaroni  heart. 
Yet  fttrtf  in  vain  with  alk? 
Soose  bold  adventurers  defpifiB 
The  joys  that  homebred  mifTet  prixe, 
And  unknown  dances  -f-  dare  decry, 
Still  aa  they  daoce  ihey  look  behind. 
Admiring  crowds  with  plcafure  find. 
And  iaatth  an  envied  joy : 
Alaa  :  regardlefs  pf  their  doom, 
Mo  grief  their  mind  affa^  % 
They  neither  dread  old  age  to  oome^ 
Nor  liec  their  own  defers. 
Not  one  throughout  the  happy  place 
Is  coofeious  of  an  ugly  face  ; 
Yet  fee  on  tf*Tj  bench  around 
What  numbers  of  them  may  be  foitndj 
Ridiculous,  unfeemly  fights : 
Ah !  lell  them  that  in  fpite  of  dtefs 
They  ftill  are  preys  to  oglinefs  ; 
Ah!  tell  them  they  are  frighu. 
icauty  in  this  begins  to  fade, 
(Hers  nature's  been  uncivil) 
And  thek  the  fell  fmall  pox  bat  made 
Aa  ugly  as  the  devil. 
The  eodlefs  nofe,  projeding  chin, 
Tkt  mouth  from  eir  to  ear. 
The  Aape  deform*d,  and  yellow  /kia» 
Arc  all  aOembled  here. 
But,  16 !  in  cbarois  of  youthful  bloom^ 
A  heat *nly  troop  it  feen, 

•  TheJUltr. 


2IJ 

Fair  beauty's  daughters  deck  theroon» 

More  lovely  than  their  queen. 

To  each  their  joys,  thio*  diff'icnt  wayt 

To  admiration  prone. 

The  handlbme  pleas*d  with  others  praHe, 

The  ugly  with  their  own  i 

And  wherefore  (hould  they  know  their  fate^ 

Since  forrow  never  comes  too  late. 

And  (hould  deftroy  their  paradifej— 

No  more  j  where  ignorance  is  bliCi, 

Tis  folly  to  be  wife. 


A  genuine  C^py  of  the  Letter  vbicb  tpea  deS- 
vered  ky  Mr,  Wilkes's  SerasMt  at  du 
Queen's  Palace,  March  44 

J  LETTER  u  the  KING* 

«  S  I  R  E, 

I  Beg  thus  to  throw  myfelf  at  your  majefty*a 
fttt,  and  to  fupplicate  ^hat  mercy  and 
demency,  which  Ihine  with  fuch  luftcea* 
OKMig  your  many  princely  virtues. 

Some  ^mer  miniftert,  whom  your  ma* 
jefty,  in  coodefceoiion  to  the  wiflies  of  y^ur 
people,  thought  proper  to  remove,  employed 
every  wicked  and  deceitful  art  to  opprefs  your 
fubje^,  and  to  revenge  their  own  perfbaal 
c^ufe  on  me,  whom  they  imagined  to  be  thu 
piincipal  author  of  briogbg  to  the  public 
view  their  ignorance,  infufficiency,  and  trea^- 
chery  to  your  majefty  and  to  the  nation. 

I  have  been  the  innocent,  but  unhappy 
vidim  of  their  revenge.  I  wu  forced  by 
their  tnjoftice  and  violence  intu  an  exile, 
which  1  have  never  ceafed  for  feveral  years  to 
confider  as  the  moft  cruel  oppreflion,  becaufe 
I  no  longer  could  be  under  the  benign  pro- 
tection of  your  majefty,  in  the  land  of  li- 
berty. 

With  a  heart  full  of  xeal  for  the  fervice  of 
your  majefty,  and  my  country,  I  implore. 
Sire,  your  clemency.  My  only  hopes  of  par- 
don are  founded  in  the  great  goodnefs  and  be* 
nevolence  of  your  majefty,  and  every  day  of 
freedom  you  may  be  gracioufly  pleafed  to  per- 
mit me  the  enjoyment  of  in  my  dear  native 
land,  ftiall  give  proofs  of  my  xeal  and  attach- 
ment to  your  fervice. 

I  am,    SIRE, 

Your  majefly*s  moft  obedient. 

And  dutiful  fubje£l, 

John   Wilkis." 

To    the    PRINTER,    &c. 

Sir,  Oxford,  March  26. 

SOME  injuriooB  mtrreprefentationsof  the 
late  procerdingi  at  Sr.  E H W, 

having  appeared  in  the  public  papera,  it  is 
hoped  the  foUowirg  impartial  account  will 
l>e  publiftied  in  justice  to  the  univerfity,:: 
(See  p.  T25.) 

The  V.  P.  of  the  H— U  having  brought  a 
complaint  tq  the  V.  C.  as  vifttur  of  the  FT. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


True  State  of  the  Oxford  Exfulfiart. 


ai4 

by  office, '  tltat  fcYcral  improper  oerfoiii  had 
been  admitted  there  oTlate,  wbofe  principles 
and  conduct  gave  juft  gvund  of  offence  j  the 
V.  C.  wbofe  prudence,  moderation,  and 
candoor,  iire  above  all  pratfe,  confulteil  with 
the  headf  or  houf^i  at  a  full  meeting,  and 
wat  nnanimoufly  advil'ed  to  take  cognizance 
of  the  aflfair,  which  appeared  of  a  very  alarm- 
ing and  dangerous  naiore.  A  public  vlfiu- 
tioo  was  accordingly  held  by  the  V.  C.  affi{l«> 
«d  at  hit  rcquell  by  three  heads  of  houfcii 
and  the  ienior  fto&atj  as  hi*  aiitflfort ;  when 
after  a  fair  and  open  examination,  the  charge, 
which  was  delivered  in  upon  oath»  Wat 
pcoved  by  evidence  and  by  the  confeiHon  of 
the  parties  againft  fis  membera  of  the  W\A 
H.  wh/i  wefe  expelled  in  conforfnify  ^o  the 
llatutet,  with  the  unanimoui  concurrence  of 
all  the  aflfeflTors,  and  the  entire  approbation  of 
tire  iH^lvff («j  in  general. 

And  ^ttt  it  was  proved,  Chat  all  the  ft 
ptrfofii  bad  cither  held  or  freqoatitcd  ilHdC 
conventiclei,  where  ibme  of  ■cbem,  tboagb 
not  in  eiderf ,  had  preached,  expounded,  and 
prayed  cxiemp*re,  and  where  thefe  offices  of 
rtliftion  we»  ufually  performed  by  other* 
•f  toe  lowelt  ftatioa  and  abilitict  |  and  par- 
ticularly^ that  they  often  mat  at  a  conventicle 
beld  at  a  prtvatn  boufe  within  the  anivtrfity, 
where  a  ftayoaakcr,  and  a  wonao,  the  mif- 
ucft  oi  the  boufe,  officiated  aa4  taught. 

Secondly,  That  fome  of  them  had  been 
bred  up  CO  and  cxereikd  the  iewcft  tradet  and  ' 
o^upationt;  that  one  had  bean  aweai^ar, 
and  kept  a  lap-hoiie,  another  a  barber,  and 
a  third  a  draper,  and  were  all  wholly  illiterate 
and  lAcapble  of  performing  the  Hatutabla  c»- 
ardfea  of  the  univerfity  \  and  much  more 
incapable  of  being  qualified  tior  holy  ordera, 
for  which  they  were  defigned,  (and  into 
which  tome  of  them  had  already  tndeavearcd 
to  intrude)  being  maintained  (or  that  por- 
poiie  at  the  chatgc  of  periope  AiipcAed  ot  tn- 
th4ifiarm. 

Tb'rdly,  that  thefe  pvfone  were  attached 
to  the  fe&  called  mctbodiib ,  and  held  thair 
do^inet,  via,  '*  That  Uitb  without  works 
iafufficitnt  lor  falva'ion}  that  there  it  no 
neceflity  of  good  works ;  that  the  iqpfltediaM 
impulfe  of  the  fpiiit  it  to  be  waited  for; 
that  onoc  a  child  of  God  and  alwaya  a  child 
of  God^**  and  the  like.  And  that  fome  of 
fhem  b>^  endeavoured  to  ioftil  thefe  dof^riuea 
into  others,  whom  they  encouraged  to  neg- 
lect the  advice  and  authority  of  their  parcnti 
and  friends,  in  adherence  to  thefe  opiniona. 
Fourihly,  it  tppeared  al<b  in  the  conric  of 
the  examination,  that  one  of  thefe  peribna, 
fome  time  before  h:8  entrance  into  the  uoi- 
-verfity,  had  {relumed  to  otficiate  at  a  clergy- 
man in  a  chapel  belonging  to  a  pariAi  church, 
and  had,  in  defiance  of  his  father's  authority 
%nd  admonitions,  coaneOed  himPelf  with 
method  ids,  and  had  been  difcarded  by  hit 
father  for  fuch  difobedience  j  which  ciicum- 
ftances  v^ce  indeed  taken  pocicc  of  in  the 
X 


April 

the 


fentence  of  expulfioo,    but  irat  made 
ground  of  }t,  at  ha^  been  falfel^  ^fferted. 

Fifthly,  It  was  alfo  proved,  that  fome  of 
thefe  perfons  had  behaved  very  irreverently 
and  c^i ire fpcd^ully  to  their  tutor,  and  inftead 
of  difpofing  themfelvcs  |o  profit  by  his  in- 
^rodions,  had  in^uftrionfiv  fought  to  cavil 
with  and  vex  him. 

It  is  now  fuhmitted  to  the  public,  whCfv 
tber  (faofe  whofe  office  it  is  to  attend  to  the 
education  of  youth  in  this  place,  and  to  |>re- 
vent  their  receiving  wroo^  impre^ons  in  (p 
e(iimtial  a  point  as  'religion,  have  not  a£led 
confidently  with  their  duty,  in  making  ufe  of 
the  auChority  veAed  in  tb«m  by  -ihe  ftatuiet 
to  remove  fuch  obnoxious  peifons,  and  to 
ftop  the  iTpwt^  of  eat^i^i«(cp  and  estiipa^o 
at  far  *at  in  theth  liet,  priqciplei  iiibvcKive  ef 
all  true  reli|(iCHl.90d  mor^ii^jr^ 

What  the  aio.tivea  ivare  which  iadiic<4 
the  P.  of  t^e  H,  to  adouf  fo^h  per^pvu  upon 
recommendations  highly  ^fpiaoiii»  is  left 
to  hit  ourn  hxn^f^  i^  drcarmiac^  The  iiubcr.* 
minded  part  of  maokiivd  will  ficarcaly  chinll 
that  his  condud  c^n  efcapf  ibme  fori  of 
cenfure,  mucl^  le^  deferve  the  Mcomiui&f 
that  have  J^cen  lavished  upon  it. 

I  4m,  Sio  Yoar\  dlec« 

Maxims,    fiy  ^  Gfwtlmfiu, 

TO  extgger^  i99e*a  e^te,  ia  m9«  inc 
won^an,   le  i^  geafral  wrphg,   focdi^i^ 
'  vain,  and,  smdei  m^V  cii^nm^nfieay  wick* 
ed,  and  unjuft^ 

It  is  wrong  with  rf  fped  to  otkera,  becauf« 
it  is  a  deception  which  every  g^nilemno  (pK- 
ticularly  if  he  it  \t^idXtA  wilh  a  fortusc)  flumbl 
be  incapable  of.  ^ 

With  refpefli  to^orfclvei  it  is  f^oUAi,  bei* 
caufe  it  in  general  dcceiv4t  ^e*#  felf,  by  ere- 
atbg  in  the  mind  an  imaginarir  wealthy 
which  driving  people  to  leaJ  enpencef,  htfff* 
riet  them  into  (uch  incoovenieacea  aa  make* 
life  trooblefome  a^d  %  bsirtben  to  them  i  for 
if  they  doq*t  l^v^  up  to  that  ideid  for^oe» 
which  they  vainly  and  fiUily  ^ave  coairiitt- 
ted  to  make  the  W9f|d  believe  they  are  po^ 
fcfled  of,  and  of  cour/jp  run  into  debt,  tbef 
paft  for  near  and  coyftOMI,  an  impuMtion  a« 
perfon  hk«>  to  bf  ^urgftd  with  I  %nA  thia 
may  have  occafioned  many  to  here  hurt  aad 
injured  their  fortnnes  beyond  r^paratioflu 

It  it  not  only  wrong  with  reffcA  tv 
othert.  bat  in.it*a  tendency  wicked  aiNi  uf»» 
juft  ;  in  confequeoce  of  a  faife  repntatioA  a 
man  gett  into  trad^ment  hooka  for  debts  he 
knowa  be  will  never  be  eble  to  pey  (becomias 
thereby  a  cheat)  and  not  oa^  rnba  thole  peo* 
pie  he  dealt  with,  but  ia  inoire€Uy  the  ooca- 
lion  of  robbing  o|hert  hf  neceffiuting  thofc 
tradefmen,  who  |ie  npt  over  hooeft,  to  over 
charge;  thofe  who  do  pay  well,  by  way  oC 
count ef balance  £»r  thofe  who  do  not. 

The  man  thn  who  knowa  the  neet  pro* 
duce  of  hit  fortune,  and  convincct  the  wor<d 
by  hit  f  mdcBt  mtna^cacat  of  it  chat  he 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


176^      Hifiory  of  tbi  Pwf(C$am  4ff  Lord  Baltimore^         a  15 


ioa  kaow  k«  will  be  fore  to  meet  with  re- 
fptd  be  his  f«ttiiBe  ever  Co  narrowly  cir- 
cmnicribed  ;  ;whereas  the  bravadoztf^ '  fb6l 
flr  kiUTe,  of  perhaps  ten  times  his  income, 
viUin  the  end  be  branded  with  the^iipora 
ui  contempt  of  cveiy  one, 

A  mpartiMl  Kifi^ry   of  the  Uti  Pnfecutm 

fain/I  the  Might  Honour^hU'  the  Lord 
ALTiMOftX,  for  a  Raft  on  Sarah 
Woodcock— tfff</  agait^  El-izabxtk 
GKirrsNBVRG  and  Ann  HAKvxYy 
jfir^nff^  ^ttjfar'm  t§the  Gmit  imputed  to 
Aif  Lard/bi^, 

MISS  WOODCOCK,  the  heroine  of 
the  following  little  narrative,  was  a 
■ilHner  in  King-ftreet,  Tower-hill,  and 
firrimth  her  father  and  her  fitter. -In 
Deamber  laft,  according  to  het  own  evi- 
ieacf,  a  gentleman  came  .16  her  fliop,  in 
nopanf  with  t  female  coftomer,  bought  an 
ojhteen-pennjr  ruff,  and  then  went  away  J 
About  k  week  aftefwatds  he  came  and  pur- 
?ktfcd  nine  yards  of  ribbon ;  and  in  the 
ttwfc  of  another  week  came  again,  with  hii 
cwt  extremely  muddy  on  one  fide,  faying, 
«c«h  had  thrown  him  down,  and  defiring 
Jcnigbt  be  permitted  to  fit  a  little,  if  he 
MsWaot  dirty  the  chair^-Mifs  Woodcock 
taW  him,  he  would  not  hurt  the  chair  ;  but 
flWerrtd,  that  it  was  Very  odd  he  did  not 
feeUjKcoichj  to  which  he  replied,  that 
K  w«  thinking  oi  her ;  and  in  a  fhort 
t^  f«id,  he  (bould  be  glad  of  an  opportu- 
Wfof  attending  her  to  the  play— Mifs 
Voodc  dc  anfwercd,  thatihe  never  went  to 
'phf,  nor  ever  intended  to  go,  from  an 
«?«niot,  that  the  exhibitions  of  the  theatre 
•oe  by  no  meaos  innocent  amurcraents. 

The  gentleman  foon  after  retired,  with- 
•J«  ^ag  ^ny  thing  particular  ;  but  on 
JJwday  the  14  h  of  December,  at  niaht, 
«n.  Harvey  came  to  Mifs  Woodcock*s, 
»^befpokc  a  pair  of  laced  ruffles,  defiring 
^  might  be  rtady  the  next  day  j  and 
«!i^,  that  as  iht  loved  to  encourige  young 
JjpQKrs,  flie  would  recommend  Mils 
*^eodcock  to  a  lady  of  her  acquaintance 
Jw  would  be  a  very  good  cuftom  r.  Milk 
*«oicock  made  the  ruffles,  and  Mrs.  Har- 
J2  accordingly  called  for  them  purfuant  to 
«rpfomlfe.  and  Mifs^Woodcock  received 
•a  «4er  to  call  upon  ber  at  her  houfe,  about 
"Mother  articles,  at  four  o'clock  the  fuc- 
<«oag  (which  wai  the  Wedncfday)  even- 
««tt  Mrt.  H.irrey's  houfe  was  in  a  place 
«*d  the  Curtain-row,  near  Holloway 
«^«t.  The  maid  opened  the  door  to  M'fs 
*wock  at  the  time  appointed,  and  in- 
deed hrr  to  Mrs.  Harvey,  who  behaved 
*«h  great  politenrfs.and  immediately  ordered 
*»!  which  Mifs  Woo<k:ock  would  have 
*^Bgly  <|eclincd,  could  fhe  have  done  it 
•ithciTiUtyj  but  in  about  a  moment,  a 
'"*  niMi,  of  a  JewiA  appearance,  whofe 
*f«  fte  hat  fince  ibufld  to  be  Iftat  Ifaacs, 


«arae  in,  and  paid  a  number  of  compliments 
to  Mrs.  Harvey,  telling  her,  he  waa  going 
to  the  play,  and  as  he  moft  have  a  coach,  he 
would  fet  her  down  at  any  |hace  ihe  might 
have  an  occafion  to  call  at  that  evening  | 
Mrs.  Harvey  jnftantly  accepted  the  offcf, 
and  aficed  Mifs  Woodcock's  company  %n.  a 
ftort  vifit  to  the  lady  whom  fiie  had  prou 
mifed  our  unfufpe£ling  milliner  as  an  excel- 
lent cuftomer :  Mifs  Woodcocjc  made  manf 
apologies  on  account  of  her  drcfs,  which 
were  entirely  over-ruled  by  Mrs,  Harvey '| 
and  at  laA  the  Jew  and  the  two  kdies  ftepped 
into  the  carriage,  which  was  now  waiting 
for  them  at  the  door,  and  which  Mifc 
Woodcock  foon  difcovered  to  be  much  raone 
elegant  than  the  cuftomary  order  of  hacks. 
The  coachman  drove  faft,  and  in  half  an 
hour  they  were  fet  down  at  a  very  magnifi- 
cent houfe.  Here  Mrs.  H«rvcy  introduced 
her  to  Dr^  Gviffenburg,  Mrs.  Griffenburg'e 
hulband,  and  after  fome  general  converfa- 
tion,  the  genttbman  came  jn,  to  her  great 
furprizc,  who  had  been  ihr^  times  at  her 
fliop,  and  who  wa«  in  fa^  no  other  than  the 
identical  Lord  Baltimore,  with  whom  fiie 
was  Aortly  to  have  io  remarkable  a  con- 
nexion :  His  Ljrdftip,  however,  concealed 
his  quality,  and  paflcd  only  for  the  ftewari 
of  the  lady  who  was  to  favour  Mifs  Wood- 
cock with  her  cuftona;  he  addrcfied  her, 
neverthclefs,  with  much  civility,  and  or- 
dered tea,-  of  which  (he  was  with  difficulty 
prevailed  upon  to  drink  a  difli.  When  the 
tea  things  were  removed,  a  heap  of  nick^ 
nacks,  fuch  as  purfcs,  fmelling  bottleg.  te- 
totunas,  and  a  ring,  were  brought  in.  which 
he  faid  he  had  bought  on  purpofe  for  her, 
but  (he  peremptorily  refufed  to  accept  them, 
and  told  Mrs.  Harvey,  ihe  fiiouid  be  mighty 
glad  to  go  home:  Mrs.  Harvey  faid,  fhe 
fiiould  go  prefently  j  but  the  pretended  fte- 
ward  infifted,  that  Mifs  Woodcock  (hould 
firft*fee  the  houfe  p  and  when  flie  repeated 
her  defire  ai  taking  leave,  declared  fii« 
fliould  not  think  of  ftirring  till  flie  ha4 
Itippcd.  On  this  he  ordered  fupper,  and 
Mrs.  Griffentfurg  leaving  the  room,  he  took 
Mifs  Woodcock  behind  a  window  curtain, 
and  attempted  fuch  liberties  .with  her,  aa 
roufcd  her  utmoft  indignation :  She  wai 
now  determined  not  to  ftay  a  moment  longer 
in  the  houfe,  and  made  up  to  the  rooi» 
door,  with  a  defign  of  departing  5  but  /up- 
per comin?  in,  (he  was  obliged  to  fit  down 
by  Lord  Baltimore,  though  fhe  abfolutcly 
refufed  either  to  eat  or  drink,  and  daflicd  a 
glafs  of  fylljrbubout  of  his  hand,  which  ht 
wasprcfentmg  to  her  with  all  the  eameft- 
ncfs  of  the  moft  preffing  foliciution. 

From  the  time  the  inf^lt  had  been  offered 
to  her  behind  the  curtain,  tilt  the  conclu- 
fion  of  fuppcr,  Mi.ft  Woodcock  tells  us,  fiie 
was  m  tears,  though  (he  had  no  idea  of  be- 
ing detained  all  night  5  but  when  (he  faw 
no  likelihood  of  his  permitting  her  to  return 
home,  her  anguiih  became  fo  vifible,  that 

it 


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2l6 


Innocen  C  B     D  18  TR  E  SS£  d« 


Apiif. 


it  even  oflfeneed  Lord  Baltimore,  who  faid', 
ftic  need  not  trouble  herfelf  about  him,  that 
lie  would  not  meddle  with  her,  and  refent- 
fully  quitted  the  room.  On  his  departure, 
Xfrt.  Harvey,  Mrs.  Griffenburg,  and  Do€tor 
Grtftcnburg,  exerted  all  their  rhetoric  to  re- 
concile her  to  her  iituation,  and  prevailed 
mpon  her  to  go  to  bed;  their  arguments, 
hiowever,  proved  fruitlefs,  and  Mifs  Wood- 
cock refolutelj  perfifting  in  «  dedar^ion  of 
never  going  to  bed  in  that  houfe,  they  told 
ber,  if  fhe  chofe  to  fit  up  all  night,  they 
did  not ;  smd  concluded  with  informing 
her,  that  fhe  muft  at  any  rate  go  up  ftairs ; 
accordingly  they  led  her  up  to  a  room  on 
the  iecond  floor,  and  again  entreated  fhe 
wotttd  go  to  bed)  but  finding  her  inexorable, 
they  ceaiied  (heir  importunity,  and  the  two 
women,  Mrs.  Hariev,  and  Mrs.  OrifFen- 
burgfWent  to  bed  in  the  apartment  to  which 
they  bad  hroifght  her,  and  left  her  a  victim 
to  the  poignancy  of  her  own  reflexion's.  ~ 
Puring  the  tedious  tntervarof  a  long  « in- 
ter's night,  o\ir  unfortunate  milliner  tells  us, 
ihe  was  conilantly  iii  a  flood  of  tears,  be- 
wailing her  melancholy  fate,  and  deter- 
mining rather  to  die  than  to-  fuffer  the 
fmallefV  diminution  of  honour.  Aljout 
eight  o'clock  in  tht  morning,  Hope  fccmed 
to  vifit  her  in  the  form  of  a  young  woman, 
paiGng  under  a  window,  out  of  which  (he 
was  looking,  and  meditating  the  means  of 
her  efcapej  Mifs  Woodcock  dropped  her 
handkerchief  to  her,  which,  to  ufe  her 
own  exprtHion,  was  as  xvetivitb  tears  as  if 
di^d  in  water  ;  the  foung  woman  took  it 
up,-  but  the  place  from  whence  it  was  drop- 
ed  being  very  high,  fhe  did  net  fee  the  pcr- 
fon  who  threw  ir,  and  v  as  going  on  ;  Mifs 
Woodcock  on  this  called  oot,  **  Young 
woman,  young  woman,"  and  was  proceeding 
to  tell  her  lamentable  ftory,  to  the  girl,who 
had  now  turned  back, when  the  two  women, 
Mrs.  Harvey  and  Mrs.  GrifTenburg,  jumped 
out  of  bed,  pulled  her  away  from  the  win- 
dow, and  in  terms  of  abufe,  demanded,  how 
Ac  could  make  fuch*a  piece  of  work  ;  add- 
iag,  that  fhe  had  much  reafon  to  cry,-  in- 
dctd,  when  fomuch^would  be  done  for  her, 
and  wiihed  tl^at  they  had  any  profpcA  of  be- 
ing fo  extremely  fortunate. 

Jt  would  be  end  cfs  to  enter  into  a  minute 
recapitulation  of  eveiy  thing  Mifs  Wood- 
cock inforn:s  the  world  fhe  fuff^iered  at  Balti- 
more-houfe  in  Sout  ampton  row,  from  the 
time  of  her  being  firft  taken  ro  it  on  the 
Wcdncfday  evening,  till  her  removal  to  his 
iKJrdfhip's  country  f^eat,  ncarEpfom,  on  the 
Monday  following :  It  will  be  fufHicicnt  to 
acquaint  the  reader,  that  though  fhe  refifted 
the  utmofl  force  of  threats  and  perfuafions; 
though  fhe  fcarcely  tafled  a  morfel  of  any 
thing  for  four  days,  and  was  almoft  the 
whole  time  in  a  deluge  cf  tears,  that  fhe 
was  nevcrthclcfs  fo  far  intimidated  as  to 
write  to  her  father,   by  Lord  Baltimore** 


direction,  acquainting   him^  that  fiie  was     n 
in  very  fafe  and  honourable  hands,  treate4      \ 
with  the   utmofl  tendernefs,  and  advifing 
him  therefore,  to  be  under  no  uneafinefs  <ni      i 
her  accoTtnt.     With  this  letter  another  vras      \ 
fent  from  Lord  Baltimore,  but  without  any 
name  fubfcril}ed,  containing  a  bank  note  for      a 
two  hundred  pounds,  and  telling  him,  that 
he  ftould  fee  hit  daughter  the  day  follow- 
ing, which  was  the  fecond  after  her  deten-       « 
tion  on  the  Wedncfday,  at  the  houfe  of  one 
Mr.  Richard  Smith,  in  Broad-fbeet  New 
Buildings:    This  promife,    however,  was 
not  complied  with  ;  on  the  contrary,  Mi£i       \ 
^Woodcock,   the  fucceeding  Monday,    was       | 
carried   from   Southampton-row,    is    Lord      | 
Baltimore's  pofl  coach  to  hit  feat  at  Wood^ 
cote,  near  Epfom,  by  his  LoFdffaip,  in  com*      i 
pany  with  MrSr  Hatvey,    l>oekqt  and  Mrs* 
Griffenburg— where   that  qight,  notwith- 
(landing  all  her  tears  and  intreatiea, .  which 
fhe  tells  us  were  numberleft,  and  notwith* 
flandiog  her  frequent  ^/(tfj/ff^ivii^  Cod  tm 
take  her  pvtof  time  into  eternity,  (Mi fa  Wood- 
cock it  an  independent,  and  this  it  feems 
is  a  favourite  phrafe  of  the  xeligiout  fo  de- 
nominated) fhe  was  led  to  Lord  Baltimore'^s 
bed  by  the    two  women,   and    there  very 
fpeedily  deprived  of  ^hat  fhe  held  infinitely 
more  valuable  than  life,  by  his  Lonifhip. 

Mifs  Woodcock,  to  ufe  her  own  words* 
finding  that  fhe  had  loft  every  thing  that 
was  dear  to  her  but  life,  waa  now  only  foU** 
citous  to  prcfcrve  that  j  and  therefore  deter-*- 
mined  to  put  on  an  afl'e^ed  chearfulftefsy 
for  thefe  three  reafons— that  flie  might  oot 
be  ufcd  ill—that  fhe  n\ight  not  be  fcnt 
abroad — and  that  fhe  might  have  fonae  op* 
po  tufiity  of  getting  back  to  London,  which 
was  the  only  means  fhe  had  oi  returning  to 
the  arms  of  her  family.  In  confeqoence  of 
thiF  determination,  Mifs  Woodcock  readily 
aflentcd  to  every  thing  imm::tcrial,  that  is,  as 
fhe  herfelf  explains  it,  to  all  innocent  thiags, 
but  gave  into  nothing  wicked,  fuch  a*card- 
phyingj  dancing,  ormuftcal  enter rainsnents, 
uslels  compelled,  becaufc  flic  knew  they 
were  repugnant,  fhe  tells  us«  to  the  insme- 
diatc  word  of  God. 

From  N'onday  they  continued  at  Woo4- 
cote  till  the  Tnurfday   evening,    and  thea 
returned  to  town  ;  but  it   docs    not  appear 
that  aftrrtfac  violence  Mifs  Woodcock  com- 
plains of  on  the  Monday  night.  Lord  Balti- 
more attempted  a  repetition  of  any  criminal 
familiarities  till  the  Thurfday  night,    aftej' 
their  arrival  at  Southampton-row  :     Mi^ 
Woodcock,  however,  by  pleading  a  natural 
cxcufc  to  her  fex,  was  fuf^'cred  to   lie  vkrlth 
^*^s.  Harvey  that  night;  but  on  the    fbl> 
lowing,    Lord    Baltimore    infifted    on     ber 
ficeping  with  him;  fne  in  vain  exerted    th« 
powerful  rhetoric  of  tears,  to  be  exempted 
from  a  compliance  fo  detcflable  ;— he  con- 
tinued inexorable;  and  fhe  knowing  (to   uie 
h«r  own  words)  that  they  would  ufe  forcc;^ 


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I7«. 


^$fCfs  tWobdcock  S^mn^ 


^\y 


#&edia*itotjQf9i|ply,  vt  lsft%reBt  to  bed  c 
ifac  icxt  day  i^c  was  ireiy  ill ;  nevertbders, 
4  «iaraa-|D9|c«r  jR>ok  her,  meafture  for  a 
towi,  and  jfome^ auk4i  and  petticoats  were 
mi^hc  ioT  her  approbatioo ;  tfiiefe,  Jtit 
i/fi,  •ciemattcm  of. great  tndlfr«eeiice  to 
ha,  ^adikc  .d^fir«d  the  buyera  to  chofe  jtift 
ai  tbsy  .plijafed.  Nothia|  taate-dal  bap- 
feaedtUl  Suoday  efeniog,  when  Mift 
.W«od):9ck  il$i«diiig  tt  bae  of  the. windows, 
^  bad  a  pcotfpea  to.  Hampftead,  faw  Mr. 
Difii,  a  ydung  man  «(rhb  had  ooarted  her 
hK  Ume,  tMB6,  and  whbm  ibe  tbnfidbrdd 
jaiiba  ffpcipr6cal^e£UMi. 

Grc»tly  afstAted  at  iiif  ap^^uuncc,  and 
feiaikliag  lAft^be  Aould  not  (oe  her.  ihe 
«s ready  to  (ink,  as  (be  tells  us,,  with  the 
^t^a&ri^fHrtct^  ^er  .bdpe  and  ber  .appre- 
^«i(k||,$.bllt  lectBg  him  go  behind  a  wbU 
jBcvtbe  F^uadlUg  Hofpital,  and  peep  two 
^thi^e  cimes^  ihe  wis  certain  be*  knew 
ki:  He  then  took  abook  out  of  his  poo- 
M  sad  ai#de/ a  motion  as  .if  he  dbflred  her 
tftjwic^V^ncbit  (Hie  waved  her*  hand 
fiKJM^.Qil  come  nearer,. hot  he  not  (eeming 
;tof|i4trfluid  that  ftgh,  (he,  itgardlefs  of  ail 
.^aymrcty  or  to  uieber.own  word,  h^-  ' 
.4aA,K)in  into  an  adjoining  room,  where 
LN  BftltlnMfe  ttfiudly  fat,. and  Called  cmt 
Uaioice.oragDnjrjcorMr.  Davis,;  « I  ean^ 
4K  «Mie  fa  |r^,  I  cannot  come-  to  you.** 
4(r«Dsm«ft3cd.hiSr,.ifihe  was  well?  But 
Abated  Ihe  iimftioa,  by  tftipg  how  her 
Ma  did>r-rMr.  Dgfil  anfwered,  «He 
Kfutt,  aiid^vK&are.  all  well,— hoM(  do  you 
Mf*  Aft^;<ki4{  he  enquired  aboet  Mrs. 
l^HTi  J^ils.lVniadcock  faid,  flie  knew 
Miafof  »hfr«r-He  then,  eni^iiired,  if  all 
««  well.wich  hetfel/  }  She;  was  xeady  to 
^•t  the  interrogatory,  (he  inforins  .ui, 
ltd Mly  raying,-  '<  Good-bye,**  (hut  down 
^•vipdow,  being  apprehenfive  fomebody 
•■^4  (^fcoTer,her  tti  this  unexpe&ed  Con  • 

It.it.necefTary  to  tell,  (he  readtfr,  that 
ilr.  Davis's  fodden  .a{>peataAce  near,  fialti- 
mn  boufe,  was  Jiot  the  af!ie£l  of  any  for- 
|"9Me  accident,  4ike  4he  commoti  run  qf 
iatenriews  between  .di(b«fled  lovers  in. a 
'^saace ;  on  the  contrary,,  it. was  the  re- 
fill of  JhAngiuipicbn,  and.  diligent  e&qoiry. 
Wiwi  Mifs  Wooiicocic  fo  fuddcnly  .difap^ 
fcaid,  ^i(^0M(t  mtiirrfUcircuitoftance  for 
^  fiends,  was  to.  dlfcover .  Mxs^  Harvey, 
vliddid  not  retiwrn.to.^liei;  houfe  near  Hol- 
^;  Mount  >  for  loroe  days.  One  Gof^; 
ksvfvtf,.  whom  they  employed  to.  watch 
^  ^i  ^^9^f^  ^^^  iw<l  A  Jc^  fn>m  Moorer 
M  ta  the  Btt^aloe  tavern  door,  Bloomf- 
Utyi  they  were  in  a  hackney  coach,  which 
^utem  down  at  the  laiUmentioned  place, 
^  ihence  they  walked  to  l^ord  Balti- 
^ti^t^gat^  ;  Mrs.  Harvey  went  in,-  and 
|^<  jew  took  a  different  courfe.  .  On  this 
J^fafflpLattoj),  ;  Dayis  reconottred  Baltimore 
We  attcntiTply,  aad  had  at  kjft  .the  iiitis- 

AlHJ»  1768. 


faction  of  feeing  and  cooverfing,  iis  we  hav% 
related^  with  bis  rofrdrefi.  —  I  ut  to  retarn^ 

The  next  morning  (Monday)  sfier  thi 
interview  -between  Mr.  Davis  and  Mifs 
Woodcock,  L«rd  Baltimore  came  into  a 
room  where  (he  was  fitting,  clapped  her 
familiarly  on  the  flioulder,  and  told  her, 
ihe  (hoald  certainly  fee  her  father  in  a  fc  W 
hoofs  :  She  expreflfed  great-  {•ic.tuirc,  Cr^ 
tells  us,  at  this  information,  a-<i  l>cpt  uj;^ 
ftairs-rd^ii#  en  her  things ,  as  fhc'  terms  it  : 
Mrs.  Gri<^*enbarg  followed  her,  zni  fiid, 
her  father  was  to  be  at  her  (Mrs.  CrifT  n- 
bnrg*s)  houfe  in  Dean-(^reet,  Soho.  In  k 
little  time  Mrs.  Grifrenburg^  Mifs  Wood- 
cock, and  a  KtUe  diifs,  fet  out  for  Dean- 
-ftreetfin  a  hackney  Coach; — bat  the  read^ 
ihould  be  inforihed,  it  was  previoufly  agreed 
that  Mifs  Woodcock  /Tibuld  te^l  her  father^ 
dhewas  very  wiHing  to  (hy  at  Lord  BaUr* 
inore*s ;  and  to  fay  alfo,  that  fhe  was  in  tbV 
character  of  a  companion  to  the  young  lad^ 
who  went  with  her  in  the  coach. 

On  their  arrival  at  Mrs.  '<JriffenburgV 
Mils  Woodcock  experienced  a  new  moiti(iw 
cation  j  her  father,  whom  (he  expc€lcd  t% 
be  there  before  her,  was  not  come;  nor^ 
though  (he  waited  upwards  of  two  hours^ 
•was  there  any  figh  of  his  appearance :  About, 
this  time,  however,  Lord  Baltimore,  and. 
Dr.  Grifienbutg  came  in,  who  informed  hcr^ 
that  her  father  had  taken  Mrs.  Harvey  up, 
and  put  her  in  the  Round-houfe:  MifV 
Woodcock  received  great  fatisfa£Hon  froA 
this  circumftance,  though  (he  was  afr^ij^ 
to  (hew  it :  She  judicioyfly  obfervetli 
that  her  friends  would  not  difcharge  Mrs. 
JHarvey,  till  (he  (Mifs  Woodcock) -was  fet 
at  liberty  ;  and  therefore  advifed  tjiat  Ihe 
might^e  permitted  to  fee  her  father,^ alTurr 
ing  them  that  (he  could  eafily  fettle  mattera 
to  her  mind,  and  procure  Mrs.  Harvey*« 
enlargement.  In  confequcnceofthisaflTur* 
anccj  (he  was  fuffercd  to  write,  and  one  Mr. 
Morris,a  linhen-draper^  undercook  to  dclive'ir 
the  letter  to  her  father ;  ■  Mr.  Morris  went 
in.  a  coach  with  Lord  Baltimore,  Miff 
Woodcock,  Dr.  Griffenburg,  the  Doctor's 
niece,  and  a  little  girl,  to  tne  Crown  and 
Magpye  io  Whitcchappel ;  from  thence  Ke 
proceeded  with  his  commiflion  to  Mr.. 
Woodcock's,  but  was  told  he  was  not  at 
home ;  and  moreover  informtd,  that  the 
time  of  his  return  was  uncertain.  Mr. 
Muri^is  on  this- came  back  with  the  lettci* 
to  tbi  Crown  and  Magpye.  and  Mifs  Wood- 
cock wrote  to  Mr.  Berry,  the  landlord  of 
her  houfe,  dcfrring  him  to  bt^  her  father 
would  make  himfclf  as  eafy  as  he  coula, 
for  (he  would  fee  him  at  ten  o'clock  next 
morning. 

When  matters  were  thus  adjufted,  Lord 
Baltimore  aod  his  company  at  the  Crow9 
and  Magpye,  ordered  the  carriage,  and 
drove  to  Covent  garden;  at  Bridges- ftrcct 
Mr-  Morris  got  uut,  and  went  to  Sir  Jo^n 

£  e  *  Ficlding*s» 


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2i8 


She  is  rejiored  to  ier  Friends.  April 


FielfUns*!,  U  enqTitre  for  Mr.  Woodcock  9 
lA  a  Ucck  time  he  rcturoedy  accooipanted 
by  one  of  Sir  Iohn*s  clerks,  who  brought 
a  card  to  Mifs  Woodcock  from  his  mailer, 
telliog  her,  ihe  (hould  fee  her  friends   at 
his  (Sir  John's)  houfe.     This  card   Mi(s 
Woodcock  put  into  Lord  Baltimore's  band, 
who  faid  fhe  ihoold  not  go :  On  which  Ac 
told  the  clerk  to  acquaint  her  friends  that 
ihe  would  be  at  Dr.  Critfenburg's,  and  de- 
fired  they  might  repair  to  her  immediately. 
Mils  Woodcock  heard  nothing  of  her  friends 
thatntght;  but  mcHengiir  after  meOenger 
came  to  Dr.GrifFenbui:gy  to  tell  Lord  Balti- 
tnore,  that  there  was  a  great  mob  about  Bis 
houfe  in  Southampton-row,  and  tbat  fome 
women  had  been  crying  there  :  This  intel- 
ligence, Mifs  Woodcock  fays,  terrified   his 
Lordftip  to  fuch  a   degree,    tbat  he   was 
afraid  to  go  home,  through  an  apprehenfion 
that  (he  would  be  taken  from  him  out  of 
the  coach :     She  however    told  him,  that 
they  could  not  take  her  from  him,  unlefs 
Ihe  was  willing)  and  added,  that  (he  would 
not  go  with  any  of  Sir  John  Fielding's  peo- 
ple.    In  ibme  time  after  thi?  they  fet  out 
for  Baltimore  houfe.    Mifs  Woodcock  was 
all  thts  time  under  violent  fears  of  being 
cither  murdered,  or  fent  out  of  the  kingdom 
that  night :  She  believed   her  converfation 
with  Mr. 'Davis  had  been  difcovered,  and 
imagined  that  Lord  Baltimore  would  ftop  at 
BO  meafurcs  to  be  revenged.     When   (be 
came   therefore    to  Baltimore  houfe,     ihe 
raifed  herfelf  in    the  coach  to  fee  if  any 
of  her  friends  were  among  the  crowd.  Lord 
Baltimore  pulled  her  down,  and  ordered  the 
Coach  to  proceed,  which  it  accordingly  did  j 
but    fev^ral    men,     whom  ihe    took    for 
Sir  John  Fielding's,  endeavou'ed  to  force 
into  the  court-yard  with  the  cariiage,  which 
Mifs  Woodcock  feeing,  when   (he  ftcpped 
out  or  the  carriage,    flic  cried,  "  Let  the 
men    come   in,"    onvhich  his  Lordlhip 
pulled  her  into  the  houfe.    The  next  morn- 
ing Mr.  Watts,  of  whom  (be  had  heard  the 
preceding  night,  came  to  Baltimore  houfe, 
and  after  a  converfation  with  Mifs  Wood- 
cock, in  which  ihe  told  him  fkc  was  there 
by  her  own  free  will,  he  ferved  a  writ  of 
flabeas   Corpus  on  Lord  Baltimore:      In 
confequencc  of  this  fervice,    his  Lordfliip 
conduced  her  toLordMansfield'sjof  whom, 
however,  /he  had  not  the  leaft  idea,  nor 
entertained  any  notion  that  he  had  power 
to  deliver  her.     There  (he  faw  feveial  of 
her  friends  j  put  being  ilill  fearful  that  Lord 
Baltimore's  influence  would    prevail,    and 
that  nublvman  having   told  her  he  (hould 
be  undone  if  (he  did  not  (land  by  him  in 
this  extremity,  and  fay  (Ite  wa«  willing  to 
{o  back^  to  him,  (he  accordingly  exprelfcd 
£er  readinefs  to  return  with  him,  tp  Lord 
Mansfield  j    though  ihe  at  the  iSnne  time 
faliJ,  (lie  had  been  carried  tc^  andxleifiioed 
at  Baibimore  houfe^  quite  agaioA  her  in*' 


cliqation;  But  the  moment  flie  (aw  her 
father  and  her  fifter  alone,  and  was  perfeAly 
convinced  Lord  Mansiield  had  fnfficient 
authority  to  fet  her  at  liberty,  that  moment^ 
(he  aded  in  conformity  to  the  real  fenti- 
menu  of  her  heart,  and  cxpreflisd  her  de« 
teftationof  Lord  Baltimore,  liftemng  rea- 
dily to  the  advice  of  her  friends,  and  gaye 
the  neceflfary  information  for  a  profecutiom 
before  Sir  John  Fielding.  The  re(l  is  well 
known .  Lord  Baltimore  and  the  two  wo* 
men  who  were  indided  as  acce(Taries,  gave 
bail  to  (land  trial,  which  they  accordingly  1 
did  at  ICingfton,-  and  after  a  hearing  of  al- 
moft  twenty  hours,  the  Jury  withdrew,  and 
in  about  an  hour  and  twenty  minutes,  ac-> 
quitted  the  prifoners. 

if  we  were  to  dofe  our  narrative  in  thit 
place,  we  (hould  be  filled  with  aftoatftmeot 
to  find  any  jury  who  coald  poffibly  acqait 
the  prifoners  \  but  in  this  cafe,  as  in  oery 
other,  the  queftion  has  two  fides  ;  and  k  U 
proved  by  a  multitude  of  witnefTes,    tbat 
Mi(s  Woodcock  fo  far  from  being  eatremely 
wreuhed  in  the  houfe  of  Lord  Baltimore, 
was  one  of  the  merriefl  in  every  conpsnj* 
It  is  alfo  proved,  that  inftead  of  living  con^ 
(Untly  upon  fighs  and  tears,(he  gefierally  ea( 
and  drank  as  chearfully  as  any  body  tXft  ; 
and  evsn     coadefcended    to-  wear  feveral 
articles  which  were  furni(hed  by  hit  trades^ 
people  :  Indeed  Mifs  •  Woodcock  acknow>- 
ledges  this,  but  at  the  fame  time  dse  fays, 
(he  gave  no  directions  about  the  m^ke   ef 
thefc  articles,  but  fufFered  Lord  Baltiniore't 
people  to  dire^  her  as  they  pltafed.     Tbf 
mantua  maker,  however,  and  the  milliner, 
fwear  quite  contrary  circumftances  ;    th^ 
latter  particularly  fays,  that  flie  made  fome 
flannel  petticoats  for  MiCs  Woodcock  by  her 
own  diredions ;  and  what  was  fomething 
exttaordinary,  was  directed  to  make  tfaein 
tie  before )  an  inflru£Hon  which  the  mil- 
liner took  remarkable  notice  of,  becanfe  (be 
never  had  received  fuch  another  order,  in 
the  whole  courfe  of  her  buflnefs :  Befidea 
this,  (he  herfelf  acknowledges,  that  (he  re- 
ceived  thirteen  guineas,  on  fome  occafion, 
from  my  Lord,  without  any  reludance,  and 
even  chofe  an  article  of  her  drefs,  merely 
hecaufe  the  colour  was  approved  of  by  Lord 
Baltimore. 

The  moft  material  evidences,  howerer, 
on  the  part  of  Lord  Baltimore,  urat  Mr. 
Way,  a  gentleman  oi  eminence,  who  ba^ 
pened  to  be  at  Lord  Mansfield's  when 
Lord  Baltimore  brought  Mii^  Woodcock, 
there,  in  coniequence  of  the  Habeas  Cor- 
pus, and  Robert  Rofe,  a  fervant  of  L^Ord 
Mansfleld.  Mr.  Way  was  particularly  de- 
(ired,  as  he  fweara^  by  Lord  MansfiM,  not 
to  go  out  of  the  mom,  when  Miis  Wood- 
cock  canoe  in,  and  his  i  ordfbip  a(ked  ber, 
if  ^(  was  und«rMPy  ionflra'tm  from  Lord  Bal- 
timore, or  fcw<  <onfned  by  b.mf  To  this  Ibe 
anfweied,  ^9/  in  the  Uafl^   and  repeatedly 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ij6S. 


Tbe  other  Side  of  the  ^Jlion. 


Lord  MansBcld  afterwards  aiked  hcr>  if  (he 
W  sot  fpokjcn  ^  Ibme  perfon  ovt  of  Lord 
£aitiaiore*s  window  ?    (aiJudiDg  to  Mr.  Da- 
vis} (he  faid,  flic  had  j  and  aiOgncd  for  a 
laiba,  chat   ihe  wanted  to  iitform  her  fa* 
thcrjfcr  wtfi  mi7  .*  In  anfwer  to  thi»^  Mifs 
Woodcock  CaySj  ihe.  was  iatimidnted  into 
tbeie  declarations,  from  her  ignorance  of 
Lord  Mansfield's   being  a  magiftratej»    and 
from  an  imagination  that  Lord  Baltimore 
voold  prove  too  powerful  for  all  the  efforts 
•f  her  frienda  to  procure  her  Hberiy.     But 
Mr.  Way  fays,  that  Lord  Mansfield  a/kcd 
kei,  if  ihe  was  not  of  age  \  and  added,  if 
fite  was    not,  that  h*  voyuU  takt  her  avjay 
frmLtrJ  Baltimore  ;  whereupon  ihe  repliod 
vitha  (mile  of  pofitivenefs,iiww^o«ra«- 
miitUfMy  L^f  ai  I  mm  cf  agi*     When 
tiiis  circumftance  is  confidered ;  when  it  is 
•afidered  that  Mifs  Woodcock  faw  fev^ral 
if  her  friends  in  Lord  Mansfield's  hall,  in- 
terring thennielves  to  releafe  her  from  tbe^ 
*r^  ^  belly  as  ihe  calls  Lprd  Baltimore's 
w»ak  I  wheA  it  is  recolledtd  that  ihe  her- 
icif  declares  in  going  to  Lord  Mansfield's, 
that  Lord  Baltimore,  in  the  mod  earneft 
terms  of  entreaty,  requeued )S&<  VHmU  ftand 
h  ^,  afluring  her,  he  was  undnt,  unlefs 
ue  (aid  ihe  cohabited  with  him  willi»g/y ; 
whox  all  thele  things  are  recolle^ed,  and 
when  ic  is  moreover  remembered  that  Mifs 
Woodcock,  was  thirty  years  of  age,  it  muft 
appear  a  little  ibange,  that  the  ihould  fup- 

Cie  Lord  Baltimore  was  ilill  able  to  detain^ 
r  igainil  Jier  coafent ;  efpecially  when  (he 
iaw  his  Lordihip  even  a£ling '  a  fecondary 
part,  and  when  he  was  not  fo  much  as  ad- 
mitted to  be  prefent  with  her  before  Lord 
Mamfield:  Yet  fuppofing,  for  argument 
kktf  that  ihe  did  no|  know  Lord  Manf- 
idd  to  be  a  magiftrate,  iUU  ihe  knew  Sir 
John  Fielding  to  be  one  f  and  yet  it  does 
a»C  appear,  that  at  the  time  his  clerk 
farooght  a  card  from  his  mailer,  that  ihe 
cxpidTed  tbe  leaft  wilHngnefs  to  go  wth 
him,  thoogh  at  that  very  time,  ihe  was  in 
acaachin  one  of  themoft  public  itreets  in 
the  xnetropolis,  though  a  fufficient  force 
caciJd  be  inihiAtly  cpUeded  even  from  the 
popniace  to  refcue  her;  th>ugh  ihe  was 
trembling  with  a  violent  apprehenfion  of 
cither  being  murdered,  or  fent  abroad,  that 
very  evening  i  neverthelefs,  ihe  cahnly  de- 
Bven  Sir  John  Fielding's  note  to  Lord 
Bolttmore,  ind  deliberately  defires  her 
fticods  to  follow  her  to  Pr.  Griffenburg's.  - 
h  is  mHo  very  furprifing,  that  in  her  inter- 
view with  Mr.  Davis  from  the  window,  ihe 
akvcr  once  complained  of  ill  u(age ;  nor, 
fjMKigh  particularly  a/ked  by  him,  if  all  'was 
w^s  even  hinted  that  ihe  was  detained 
•gaiaft  her  confent ;  on  the  contrary,  when 
he  orges  this  queftioh.  ihe  ihuts  down  the 
window,  though  furely  if  this  was  the  cafe, 
k  was  the  &rA  circumHancis  of  which  ihe 


219 

natof ally  Aould,  and  indeed  natnfally  wooM 
inform  him.     We  fee  that  the  momiog  im- 
mediately after  her  detention  at  Lord  Balti- 
more's, tho  confined  iu  his  honfe,  and  far- 
rounded  by  his  people,  before  the  vsoktioB 
on  her  virtue  was  committed,  ihe  attempts 
every  thing  for  her  liberty,  and  drops  her 
handkerchief  to  an   accidental    paileoger, 
that  her  father  may  be  acquainted  with  her 
melancholy  ficuation  ;yet  when  the  robbery 
of  her  honour  was  perpetiatcd,  when  from 
that  circumftancc,  her  dcteftation  of  Lord 
Baltimore  ihould  be  aggravatfitf  to  the  high- 
eft  degree  j  and  when  h*r  father's   diflrefs 
mnft  be  encreafed  in  proportion  to  the  length 
of  her  confinement,  ihe  will  not  tell  the 
man  whom  ihe  has  approved  of  for  a  huf- 
band,  that  ihe  is  kept  againil  her  iocKna- 
tion  ;  will  not  fatisfy  his  preiling  enquiries 
on  that  fubjeQ,  notwithftandingibe  has  par- 
ticularly called  him  to  hear  her  lamentable 
tile ;  and  notwithilanding  the  very  enlarge- 
ment, about  which  ihe  was  fo  anxiooily  ■ 
folicitous,  depended  moft  materially  upon 
his  knowledge  of  the  faa  ;  In  reality,  the 
opportunities  which  Mifs  Woodcock  had  of 
complaining,  appear  to  be  innumerable ;  yet 
ihe  never  complains  till  ihe  is  delivered  to 
her    relations.       She   is  fearful  of  rough 
words,  though  ihe  willies,    and  even  b^ 
to  be  deprived  of  her  life ;    nothing  will 
prevail  upon  her  to  commit  the  eaecrable 
fin  of  playing  a  game  at  cards,  though  ihe 
goes  to  the  fpoiler's  bed  at  command  :  And 
notwithilanding  ihe  thinks  hypocrify  jufti- 
fiable  in  trifiing  matters,  ihe  does  not  think 
of  attempting  to  preferve  herfelf  from  pol- 
lution, though  the  excufe,   fo  applicable  to 
her  fex,  had  once  been  pleaded  with  the 
greateft  fuccefs.    But  if  thefe  reafons  are 
not  fufficientto  vindicate  the  Jury  who  ac- 
quitted Lord  Baltimore,     the  evidence  of 
Robert  Rofe,  a  feivant  of  Lord  Mansfield, 
is  fubmitted  to  the  confideration  of    the 
reader. 

This  witnefs  pofitively  fwears.  That  he 
was  prefent  at  a  converfacion  at  Lord  Manf- 
field*s  between  Mifs  Woodcock,  her  father, 
and  herfiiler  ;  in  this  converfation  he  fays, 
ihe  defired  them  net  to  be  uneafyf  esjbt  wsi 
very  well,  and  wry  bappy^  as  Lo/rd  Balti- 
more bad  behaved  very  genteeJly  to  her—  and 
.  as  Jbe  jbonld  be  able  to  do  Jometb'tngfor  tbem^ 
Lord  Baltimore  was  not  prefent  a^  this* 
Mifs'  Woodcock  was  now  '  acquainted  that 
Lord  Mansfield  had  power  to  take  her  from 
'  Lord  Baltimore,  yet  ihe  ezpoiluhtes  with 
them  about  the  inutility  of  going  hoine 
vrith  them  ;  obferves  that  all  her  acquain- 
unce  will  think  her  a  ilrumpet  -,  and  though 
they  burftinto  tears,  ihe  difcovers  no  fuch 
tokrn  of  emotion  in  the  prefencc  of  the 
witnefs;  on  the  contrary,  it  appears  that 
they  were  together  a  confiderabie  time  be- 
fore ihe  agrees  to  quit  Lord  Baltimore  \  nor 
does  ih«  dream  of  applying  for  juiUce  to  a 
£  e  a  magiftrat^ 


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I  lytF  A  %  Ti  A  L  R IV I  m-vt 


220 

m^flrite,  -  til}  (lye'  it  earned  to  Sir  Jokft 
FUloln^'fl  by  her  relatione,  tnd  ^Sfifd,  if  fbe 
does  noc  fe«l  a  ftrong  refentmiot  againA  th« 
nviflier  f  aa4  interrogated  wttb  a  tore  of  n» 
flo^n  upon  her  urdineri,  if  die  it  not 
wililng  to  cdmmftfiee  a  profecottoo. 

The  fame  opeonefs  Which  obliged  titta 
i^ate  Mift  Woodcock**  fide  of  the  qveiHoit 
foDy*  obliged  M  to  do  e<{uaV  juftice  to  Lord 
Baltiaiore*i,  tod  we  do-  not  think  we  iboiild 
treat  him  wirii  fuffictcot;  candour  vnlcfs  we 


were  ta  infeiyit  oar  ro^Mf^  tint  imHrtIV;- 
ftaading  the  iadfig«atiot»  wl^l^  M^^#oi»di. 
cock  and  hw  ftcber  ar«  ftitfl-  witii'  againfl^ 
L«rd  BdtinMieV  it  Ayes^noi  af»pear  thaf  tb^ 
o«e  Irat  yet  rehffned  the-  tnio  hon^d  pbupdi' 
which  wae  font  WhHn,  titr'  ^ej'  it  appealr/ 
that  the  otlier>ha«  >et  giten  back  thfe  g^n|' 
and  petticoat*,  abottt  "which  flb^  tk^e^$,'' 
(6  mtfch  inditeFtDcot  to'  tilt-  iiiafittit«.i|)ak)tir 
ajM  the  inUiiattr^ 


4fi  IMPARTIAL  REVIEW^/  NEW  P  IfBLI  C  ATI  0N8% 


ARTICLE     I. 

^AT  Effijy  on  the  PrincipHit  cfGovemmntf 
j^'  and  9n  the  Na/Hri  of  potitiesl^  chnl  and 
rtli^ioiii  Uhtrty.     By  JoOph  PrieftJyj 
IX.  D,  F.  It.  S.     1  vo/.  ftw.     DodAey. 

Thia  it  an  tngenioot  performance,  and 
ewiBi  itt  rife,  the  judioont  aothor  acquarmt 
u9|  to  fome  rema^kt  vilhicfa  he  formerly 
wrote  on  Dr.  Brown*t  prb^al  tWa  code  of 
education— it  it  moch  to  Dr,  Prieftly'i  ho- 
noor  that  hit  pc^formabce  it  not  coqrta- 
mtnated  with  any  malieoi  bujt  breathes  the 
geherous  fpiHt  of  good  itnU  and  real  bene^ 
vcleoce}' hit' thoughtaon  civil  and  religioot 
Ine^ty  are  extremdy  wofthy  df  attention'  aC 
tblt  critical  period^  and  therefore  we  fhttl 
nake.an  txtt^Ot  from  that-  part  of  his  work 
fir  the  fais*tdioa  of  our  ibidert — "  The 
mbfi  importa  t  ^ucft  on  (fayt  the  doAOr)' 
condBrniog  the  ex'cnt  of  civil  gOTermneot  il^ 
whether  the  civil  magiftrate  6utht'to  etUod* 
bis  a-thoriry  tomatteraof  rell^w^  and  the- 
only  method  of  deciding  this  ahnportant  qu6f> 
t«o,  aa  it  appears  TO  me,  is  to  have  reieoitfrf^' 
•t -once' to  firft  principles,  ar.d  the  ultinitW 
rlilc  conccrnins:  ever y  thing  that  refpe£li  a  fo« 
ciety ;  .vie.  whether  focfa  inttTfcrence  of  the 
civil  ntegiftrate  appears,  from  reafon.  or  from* 
fa6V,  to  bi;  for  the  public  good.  And  as  allar- 
guinents  a  pni>rl  ih  liriattert  of  policy  are 
ipr  CD  bo  fallacious,  fa^-  and  evp^ri^nce  fcenl' 
tq^bt  oar  only  fafc  gold  .'  Now^  thefe,  at' 
fat  as  01^  koowSedge  of  hiOoryi  c^erids»  de-' 
dare  cUarl;  for  no  }nterf<erenc(^  in  this^  c«fe, 
at  all,  or  at  leaA  fot  as  lUtl^  at  it  poflible, 
Thofefocietfcs  have  eter  e«'j*»yed  thi*  ihofF 
happined,  and  have  been,  tehfii  farlhvi,  ihf 
the  mod  flourtfhmg  ftate,  Whetr  th^  dvil^ 
iftagidratts  have 'meddled  the  Uaft'w^th'  re-' 
lifion,  add  Where  they  have'tbe  rabft  clofe^ 
If  tonfiocd  their  attention  to  wrhaV  imnie- 
d'ately  affeat  the  ciWl  ititerclH*  of  their  fel- 
low eilii;,enl. 

'  Civil  and  religioQt  ntattert  Ctak*hg  the 
words  in  their  ufual  icccpiStibrf^  fecm  A)  be 
fo  diUlnfl,  that  it'cao  Only  He  in'  rtij  un* 
comxOn  emrrgtncic^,  whferiCj  '  ioi  inffahcei 
religioOi  ^dar'rett  alnongth^  niemberrof  the 
ikatt  rifif  very* high,  fhat  tk^ civil' nia^ftrii^' 
<ijl  have- any  caU;  ot  |ffctdiletf^fi^ 


fiaginrate 
iStttr^- 


sng  whh  religien*  •We  know  that'  iiHinite 
mrfchieff  hav^  arififrnfroori  thii-intei^ftrence; 
and  we  have'  yet  f(ften'  no-  ioconyen^ence  ttf 
have  arlfen  fsom  the  went^  or  the  rehnatioo 
of  ir, 

'  The  fikK  coiinlry  of  FfehdeH^  ttfe'riioir 
Aonrifhtng  and  opnlclit  then  in  Etrropjt;  wat ' 
ahfolntely  mined^  paft  recovery^  by  the"  i^iad^ 
attempt  of  PhiFptlte  fecond^  to^  if^trodoce^ 
the  JMpiflf  inquifittoh  into  that  coontry-. 
^ance  w4t  0«afly  Kurt  by^  the  rWotatiOn  6f* 
t)>e  edia  of  Minta ;  whfereat  En^and'was, 
a  great  gainer  on  both-  oecafions^  by  grant»> 
lAg  an  «f)l6ih-fdr  thbfr  perfccotcd  induf*- 
trioas  peej>le ;  wild  repaid 'Ot -for  oor  kiod* 
nefs,  hfy  theintroddAtdoorxritoy  tifeful  artlf 
and  manuf^illq^et^  Whitfa  wcrtr  the  fovhda- 
tioir  of  c%r' prefent-eooHtterc^  ii<;het,  and^ 
power. 

Peh(ylt;iiiia  fldorifted  nHichf  mpre,  thiil' 
New  Ehglahdt  or  thalf  any  ofhfet  of  this' 
Biii^rlh  ftttlemehts  \\x  Ndrth  Anterici,' 
evidehtly'  in  colrl^^hce  of  ^Vihg  tn^^ejiber- 
ty  in'  outtert'of  religiohj  it  its  m  eftX* 
UifiAnent;  NoHii^  has'foond  its  advantage: 
in  the  ihdulgehde  ilie  gives  to  a  gTctinrirtV 
of  reltgien^  perfaafToos.  Bd^lnd  hat  alf«. 
been  mi^ch  more  flotrrtflnng  and  happy,  Bnce] 
the'eftibfifluaenr^  is  it  may  proper  y  cnoo|h' 
fafe  ftiledy  of  the  difltohting  irtetK»»d  of  wor- 
(Kpi  by  what  It  c<^'rHon(^  called^t¥fe  a^o/ 
tilhatigit  And  ell  the  feiifible  pa»t  of  "Eut 
rbp^  concur  in  thfnkihg,  b^tK  thiat  thcf  Pa-- 
lifh^difl[[9entt  havt^  a'ri|^t'  to  all  the  pfivi- 
li|es  oT other  Poliih  qiUens ;  and  that  U  io< 
jkufh  hapipief  for'  thiit  co^rttry  that  tHeif' 
diiins  are  a^h^ttt^  :  and  none  but  intereftrfl' 
l^aits^  opf^fjfWthcv  dcipaijdS; 

flf  we  looli^a-jittle  farther  drf"  from  bonfe^ 
let  itbfe  faidj  what^ncoiiV^nic^c^  did'Jenjj'hl^ 
kfan,  Tamerlane^  and' otber  eaftet^  con- 
^iierort  erer  fin^  fromricavinjj  r^ljtt^o  to"  lAf 
n^ral  courfe  in'tlie  c?3ontTies'the)^fubklbed^ 
and  from  having  CnriAlans.  MatTdthefSnii. 
aiid  a  va>it*fy  of  Pagjnsf  under  the  TioHe 
form  of  civil  goVerdtn'enr.^  AVe  n(i^t.  boilr 
CHriftianfty  and  MDhamoaedanSrou  i><  f*^ 
ef^blirtf^d  (the  foopet  at  Ic'aft'  fdlly  td!e-' 
ratl^d\*rn  Ti^ke^ ;  ai^d  what  inconvaiienc« 
%rort&'metiti(^nln|^  -has'  cm'  atifdi  fVom  n  >' 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Of  Hrw  Pirii.ic^AT'ioKs. 


**^ 


Pltfh  if  thtn,  tbtt  man  and  fairer  cai- 
pcrimcQts"  arc  not  made  |  whca,  jud^^iig 
from  what  it  pad,  tbe  confequciAcef  of  am- 
immm^  liktriyf  in.  wtfittirg  tf  rtlig^on,  promifc 
to  be  fo  Ycry  fat<(»ur4Ue  to  the  beft  intercfli 
<4  oankiod* 

I  am  awart,  tbat  the  CMoexion  bctv^eea 
mil  and  reli^oas  atFairtj  will  bt  ^f^g/iLfot 
the  ntceflicj  of  fome  ioterference  of  the  If 
giOature  with  religioo  \  and  I  do  not  deny 
the  conoeQion.  BiiC  at  this  connexion  haa 
aiwayt  been  found  to  be  the  greateft  in  bar- 
baront  nations,  and  im|>erfed  govemoienUA 
to  which  it  leadf  an  uJeful  aid  }  it  otajr^be 
prefomed,  that  the  cooacdion  ii  gradually 
frowing  Ufs  nece&ry  \  and  that,  i^  the 
p^ient  advanced  ftatfs  oC  homan  iociety, 
there,  i&  verj  little  occasion  for  it.  For  my 
own  party  1  have  no  apprehenfioo,  but  that, 
at  ihU  day,  the  laws  might  be  obeyed  very 
wtU  without  any  ecclefJaftical  fapdiooij 
enforced  by  the  ctvit  magilhate. 

Noc  th4t  1  think  religion  will  erer  be  a 
flutter  €^  indifference  10  civil  foctety :  that 
h  impoffible,  if  the  word  be  underftood  in 
ki  greateft  latitude,  and  by  religion  wq. 
mean  that  principle  whereby  men  are  in- 
iiKOCcd  by  the  dread  of  eyil*  or  the  hope 
ti  Ttfizs^  from  any  uaicnown  and  inTitibJe 
cattfea,  whether  the  good  or  evil  be  expert* 
^  CO  uke  place  in  this  world  or  another, 
CMiprehendio^emhafiafm,  fiiperftition«  and 
erery  fpecietjoffaire  religion,  at  well  af  the 
troe.  Nor  ia  fuch  an  evoot  at  all  defirable  ; 
nay,  the  more  juft  motives  men  have  to  the 
iame  good  adiont,  the  better ;  but  reli- 
Mia  motives  may  ftlU  operate  in  favour  of 
ue  civil  laws,  without  iodT  a  conneftion  as 
•has  becD  fofBiedf between tbem  in.eccttrufti- 
a]  etabUihments;,  and.  I  thinks  this  cnd^ 
wo«U  be  aafwered  even  better  witho^t  that. 


i  all  the  n^odes  of  reKgion,  which  fab6$ 
amon^jnaolciod,  however  fubverfive  of  vir- 
^.  they  ni^y  be  in  theory,  there  ia  fome 
fihvfor  good  morsls  ;  fo  that.  In  fa£l,  the/ 
enApfca  the  more  e0ciitial  partt,  at  leafl,  of 
t&at  coi^od,  which  the  ^od  order  of  fociety 
rt^oirea.  Bc^^es,  it  might  he  czpeftrd, 
that  if  a|]  the.modef  of  religion  were  equally^ 
pioCedcd  by  the  civil  magiftrate..  they  would' 
all  vie  with  one  aoother,^  which  ibould  beft 
deferve  that  p^oteQion.  This,  howefer,  is 
in  {*^^  all  the  alHaoce  that  can  take  place 
between  religion  and  civil  policy,  each  en- 
ienSbf  the  fame  ^pdoA  by  diffisrent  motives. 
Any  other  aJIianu  Settoeen  ehureb  andfi^tt  ia 
•aly^  the  i^iance  of  difi^ereut  (brts  of  wor^dlv 
aJeded  noen,  for  their  temporal  emolnmeor.  * 
It,  A  fiftt  Hxfi^rf  of  Barbadoes.  fr9m  in 
fojt  Di(c9vtry  and  S*ttlemni  to  the  Tgar,  1 767, 

'Alia  litck  tra^  aofwers  its  title  extremely 
«<%  be|og  indeed  a  (hort  hiiiory  of  Barba- 
4^  i  It  i',  hovvever,  though  a  concife  a 
&iiUe  oor,  and  is  drawn  up  with  aa  ap^ 


rencj^iparthility  imofua|  ifs  (heh  pobt^^tfonn 
Hi.  PrtaftsofC^JMi^Haffitl^t  addrejl 
td  to  *  Lsdjf  am  ber   Marriagi,     Bf  ]otitk 
Lang^ne,  D,  D.    it.  4/0.     Secket, 

The  #orthy  divine  who  has  ftrung  theft 
pfecepti  tdgether  might  with  eqoil  propriety 
have  called  his  perforipapc^  a  body  of  nato-^ 
ral  hiftory,  a  trtetife  on  the  ftfall  por,  or  a 
new  Atal^ntis  ;,  for  though  we  ha  ire  read  it 
with  the  utmoff  atteedon,  not  one  precept 
can  we  difcover  which  relates  in,  the  leaft  to 
the  matrimonial  union,  or  gftei  a  real  *ad- 
vice  how  t6  adtanpe  its  ffeliclryr-as  to  the 
verfific^ion  take  the  fbltowing  paffagc, 
which,  bas  a  nearer  connexion  to  the  title  tlua 
aoy  other,  ia  the  piece 

Shou*d  eming  nature  cafual  faults  dtfclofb; 
Wonpd  hpt  the  breaft,  that  harbbors  your 
riepofc :  [pTote 

For  eVVy,  grief  that  breaft  from  you  /halt 
Is  one  link  broken  in  the  chain  of  love. 
So)n  with  their  objeAs  other  woeaarepaft^ 
But  pains  fram  thofe  we  love  are  pabs  that 

laft: 
Tho*  faults  or  fJJIic^  fromreproac^h  mayfly, 
Yrt  in  its  (hade  the  tei>der  pafllons  dicr 
rV.  7be  Lyric  Muft  rtvived  in  Europe  ot 
s  critical  Diffiay  of  tbe  Optra  in  all  its  Revom 
htions,     X  vol*  izmo.     Davit  and  Reymers 

This  is  .a,  cooipilatipa  from  a  variety  of^ 
Ifalian,  French,  and  other  wr{:ert-»-bot  it  iff 
a  compilation  on  which  we  apprehend,  no 
extraordinary  depecdence  can  be  had,  be' 
caofe  the  compiler  has  borrowed  fome  of  his 
amounts  from  an  English  traveller  who  has 
lately  been  conviQed  of  mifreprefenting  the 
people  of  Italy  even  to  a  pitiable  extfavaganceb 
liowever  as  hil  hiftory  oif  the  riie'of  the  Ita- 
lian opera  in  England,  comes  entirely  within 
our  own  knowledge  and  may  prove  an  agreo- 
ab1e  entertainment  to  the  connoUleurs  we  :n* 
fen  i^  here  for  tbe  fatista^on  of  our  readers.  . 

*'  Wivm  the  Italian  opera  began  fiHl  to 
fteal  into  ^ngla^d,  which  was  not  long  after 
the  erecting,  of  the  Hay-market  theatre,  in 
the  year  1706,  it  appeai:ed  in  as  rude  a  dif* 
guife,  and  aa  unliko  ir/eif  aa  poflible,  in  a 
lime,  hobbling  tranflation.  Into  our  own 
laogpagf,  with  /alfe  quantities,,  or  metre  out 
oif  nuaJfure,  to  its  original  note^  fung  by 
our  own  unflcilful  voices,  with  graoes  mlT- 
applied  to  almoft  every  fentiment,  and  with 
afiion  lifel^fs  and  unmeaning  through  eiery 
charader. 

The  Arft  Italian  per&rmef  that  made  anjr 
diftinguiOied  figure,  in  it,  was  Valentini,  a 
trutly  fenlible  finger,  at  thit  time,  but  of  a 
throat  too  weak,  to  fuftain  thofe  melodioua 
warh'tngs.  for  which  the  fairer  fex  have  fiace 
idohzcd  his  fucoeflbrs.  However,  this  defed 
was  fo  well  fupplied  by  his  aftion,  that  hif 
hearers  bore  with  the  abfurdity  of  hit  finging 
his  firft  part  of  Tornus  in  Camilla,  all  ia 
Italian,  while  every  other  chaiadar  was  fung 
and  recited  to  him  in  EngKfli. 
HowtTcr,  the  tnclxnatmo  of  our  people  of 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Frogrefs  of  we  Italian  Of  era. 


222 

^it^  for  foreign  operas  having  reached  the 
cais  of  Italy,  the  credit  of  their  tafie  drew 
Of er  from  thence,  without  any  more  particu- 
lar invitanon,  one  of  their  capital  fingers,  the 
ftnous  Signor  Cavaliero  Nicoltnii  after 
Whofe  arrival,  the  firll  opera  exhibited  was 
Fyrrhus. 

Sublcriptions,  at  that  time,  vrere  not  ex- 
tended, as  of  late,  to  the  whole  feafon,  but 
were  lifoiied  to  the  firft  fix  days  only  of  a 
new  op«ra  •.  The  chief  performers  is  Pyr- 
ibos,  were  Nicolini,  Valentini,  and  Mrs. 
Tofts  5  and  for  ihc  inferior  parts,  the  bell 
t£at  were  to  be  then  found. 

Whatever  praifes  may  have  been  given  to 
tlie  moft  famous  voices  that  have  been  heard 
lioee  Nicolini  J  upon  the  whole,  I  cannot 
but  come  into  the  opinion  that  (till  prevails 
among. feveral  perfons  of  condition,  who  are 
able  to  give  a  reafon  for  their  liking,  that 
no  finger,  fince  his  time,  has  fo  jnftly,  and 
gracefully  acquitted  bimfelf,  in  whatever 
chara£ler  he  appeared,  as  Nicolini. 

At  moft,  the  difference  between  bin,  and 
the  greateft  favourite  of  the  ladies,  Farin^li, 
•mounted  but  to  this,  that  he  might  fome> 
ti{nes  more  eaquifitely  furprixe  us  j  but  Ni- 
colini (by  pleafing  the  eye,  as  well  as  the 
ear)  filled  ui  with  a  more  various  and  ration- 
al delight.  Whethrr  in  this  excellence  he 
Kai  fince  bad  any  competitor,  let  ut  endea- 
vour to  judge  from  what  the  oitical  cenfor  of 
Great  Britain  f-ys  of  him  in  the  Tatler,  via. 

<<  Nicolini  fets  off  the  charader  he  bears  in 
an  opera,  by  his  a£tion,  as  much  as  he  does 
jihe  words  of  it  by  his  voice  \  every  limb  and 
figure  contributes  to  the  part  he  a^,  info- 
ifiuch,  tl\at  a  deaf  man  might  go  along  with 
him  in  the  fenfc  of  it.  There  is  fcarce  a 
beautiful  poflure,  in  an  old  ilatue,  which  he 
docs  not  plant  himfelf  in,  as  the  different 
circumftances  of  the  ftory  give  occafion  for 
He  performs  the  moA  ordinary  adion, 


April 


in  a  manner  fuitable  to  the  grcatneft  of  his 
character,  and  ihews  the  prince  even  in  the 
giiringof  aletUfy  or  difpatching  of  a  mef- 
fage,  kcr 

His  voice,  at  the  fir  ft  time  of  being  among 
vis  (for  he  made  us  a  fecond  vifit  when  it 
was  impaired)  had  .aU  that  firong  clear 
fweetnefs  of  tone,  fo  lauly  admired  in  Sene« 
iino  \  a  blind  man  could  fcarcely  haw  diftin- 
guifhed  them;  but  in  volubility  of  throat, 
ihe  former  had  much  the  fuperiority.'  This 
ip  excellent  perfo^cr*s  agreement,  was  for 
eight  hundred  guineas  for  the  year,  which  ia 
bui  an  eighth  part  more  than  half  the  fum, 
that  has  fince  been  given,  to  feveral  th^t 
eould  never  totally  furpafa  him. 

The  coofcquence  of  which  is,  that  the 
lofTes  by  operas  for  feveral  feafons,  to  the 
end  of  the  y^ar  1738,  were  fo  great,  that 
ihofc  gentlemen  of  quality,  who  laft  under^ 
took  the  dir&dtion  of  them,  found  it  ridicu- 
lous any^  longer  to  enteitain  the  public  at  fo 


Extravagant  an  expence,   vvhilo  nd  one  parti  «• 
cular  perfon  thought  himfelf  obliged  by  it,     I 

Mrs.  Tofts,  who  took  her  firft  grounds  of 
mufic  here  in  her  own  native  country,  be* 
fore  the  Italian  tafte  had  fo  highly  prevailed^ 
v^as  then  not  an  adept  in  it ;  yet  whatever 
defcft  the  fafhioni.yy  Ikilful  ^  might  find  ia 
her  manner,  fKe  had,  in  the  general  fenfe  of 
hat  fpeftatori,  charms  that  few  of  the  moft 
learned  fingcrs'eVcr  arrive  at.  The  beauty  of 
her  fine  proportioned  figure,  and  exquifitely 
filver  toned  voice,  wi'h  that  peculiar  rapid 
fweetnefs  ef  her  throat,  were  perfections  noc 
X6  be  imitated  by  art  or  labour. ' 

Valentini,  though  he  was  every  way  in* 
ferior  to  Nicolini  j  yet  &s  he  had  the  advan* 
tage  of  giving  us  our  fi:il  impreffions  of  a 
good  opera  finger,  had  ftiU  his  admirers,  an4 
was  of  great'fervice  in  being  io  ikilful  a  fe- 
cond to  his  fupcrior.  Three  fuch  excellent 
performers  at  o&ce,  in  the  fame  kind  of  .en- 
t^ainmeflt,  England  till  thii  time,  had  never 
feed. 

SeneSno  long  fioariihed  in'uoiverfal  efleem. 
here  i  and  the  two  celebrated  opera  heroine* 
of  Iialyt  Faufiina  and  Cuzsoni,  were  fo  ex- 
travagantly admired  in  ths  country,  as  to 
cau'e  mol!  violent  parties  for  the  afcertaiaing 
which  of  the  two  deferved  a  preference. 

Since  the  abovementioned  famous  vocal 
performers,  the  finger  who  has  been  the 
moft  univerfaliy  admired  by  all  ranks  of 
fpe£taton  was  the  celebrated  Mansoli,  in  the 
year  1764.  Ftotn  what  he  declared  at  hit 
exhibiting  on  the  firft  night,  an  opportunity 
prefenta  itfelf  of  making  a  parallel  of  the  be- 
haviour of  the  Italian  and  Eoglilh  audiences, 
much  to  the  advantage  and  honour  of  the 
latter. 

In  the  charafter  of  Bxio,  he  was  drawn  la 
•  triumphal  car  oii  the  ftage.  The  oao- 
tion  in  h\%  feat\ires  was  r.fible  to  moft  of  the 
fpeCtators.  When  be  defcended  from  the 
car  on  the  ftage,  his  feet  were  aSferved  to 
totter,  on  reficCling,  no  doubt,  that  he  was 
going  to  t»ke  his  trial  before  a  rational,  and 
attentive  affetebly,  where  a  Nicolmi,  a  Se- 
siefino,  a  failnelli,  had  difplayed  their  ama- 
slng  talents.  However  the  pre-eocouraging 
plaudit  of  the  fpeflators  foon  recovered  him. 
He  fpoke— it  was  a  general  filence^  he  (ang^ 
it  was  all  rapture  and  aftoniihmeor. 

On  coming  o<T  the  ftage  he  declared  to 
thofe  Dtar  him,  that  a  treatment  fo  polite, 
and  fo  ditferent  from  what  he  bad  been  ac- 
cuitomed  to  in  Italy,  threw  him  into  a  great- 
er confufion  than  he  had  ever  known  before. 
He  grew  upon  the  audience  every  a£l,  and 
continued  an  object  of  the  public  aomirarion, 
through  the  whole  feafon,  nay  was  applauded 
with  as  much  raprutoos  emotion  on  the  laft 
night  as  on  the  firft.  ' 

A  fingef,  like  Guarducci,  may  be  thooght 
more  adapted  fur  the  gentle  pathetic,  infino^ 
at  Sing  tender  nrf«,  or  elegise  lirainsj  but  fuch 

"^  SuCibher'thfe, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


acooiunding  power^  fucb  in  epic  trumpet 
d  vast  a  that  of  Maszoli,  Co  in  fplrit  aod 
aoaze  the  hamaji  f^uldes,  can  be  but  rareiy 
£nsd,  pethaps  not  twice  iii  a  century.** 


Inconfipncies  of  Baretti. 


223 

and  ogle  the  ladicf.     Which,  whh  fcveral 
other  paOaget  that  might  be  fpccificd,  are 
^cry  far  from  proving  the  univerfality  offlat^* 
me^incipUf,    If  this  point  wanted  any  fur- 
ther fupport  than  the  author's  conceffioni,  I 
Amdvtrfota    en  Mr,  ^kxtxCCs  Acccunt  of    might  inftance  a  very  ancient  and  indelicate. 
ttt  Montr s  and  Cuftomi  eftzAy,  (s^c.  (See     fpecies  of  infult  which  ia  ftill  in  vogue  among 
^  HI')  'he  Italians.    Ic  ia  meniioned  in  the  begin- 

AS  Italy  has  been    for  many  *i%t^  the     ning  of  the  Z5th  Canto  of  Dante's  Infcrnou 
fchool  of   the  fine' arts,    and   confe*     *nd  alfo  bjr  the  ingenious  author  of  Se^aniis't 

fatyrs,  at  the  end  of  his  fccond  fatyr,  where 
the  annoutor  obfervei,  that  this  vulgar  and 
illiberal  cuftom,  which  is  a  comtnon  infult 
at  Rome  and  other  places,  is  by  the  Neapo* 
litans  converted  into  a  polite  and  genteel  com- 
plimeiK. 

/^o'»  !•  P-  "6,  117.  Mr.  Baretti  cenfurct 
Mr.  Sharp  for  accufing  the  Itab'ans  of  fupcr- 
ftition,  and  in  order  to  fliew  that  he  can 
teeat  his  Creator  with  as  much  freedom  as 
he  does  Mr.  Snaip,  he  boldly  afTcrts,  that 
their  fopcrftition  will  not  give  (o  much  of- 
fence to  God,  as  it  has  to  Mr.  Sharp.  But 
p.  130,  he  fays,  their  proccffiont,  &f.  are 
'    great  nieafure  fuperftitious.     P.  144, 


in 


^  157O 

S  Italy  has  been    for  many  4g<^  the 

_  a  fchool  of   the  fine' arts,    and   confe* 

^tly  moch  viGtcd  by  all  thofc  who  were 

^eimts  either  to  improve  their  tafle,  or  gra- 
tis tbdr  corioiity,  it  is  very  furprifing,  that 

t^KODoats  we  have  of  the  face  of  the  coun- 

tij,  and  the  difpolition  of  its  inhabitants, 

fewldbefo  very  different,  and  even  contra- 

^iSory,    On  thefr,  and  many  other  points, 

1  opcded  full  information  frorti  Mr.  Baret* 

ti'ihte  publication,  and  am  forry  to. fay,  that 

I UB  greatly  dKappointed.    The  author  feemt 

Bote  difpofed  to  abufe  and  cavil  wjth  Mr. 

^1  than  to  give  the  reader  that  {atisfac.> 

tieawliich  be  might  naturally  tx^tCt  from  a 

ttoit}  and  his  too  warm  «cal  for  the  hor 

Bwof  hiicooiitry  has  hurried  him  into  fe-     ••*  •    ftic«iv  mcaiure  lupentitious.     i*.  144, 

•wl  Tcry  palpable  conUadi^ionr,  fome  of    Thefe  feftivalt  and  raree-ihews,  Mr.  Sharp, 

•ktt  1 1^  leave  to  point  out  to  him  thro*     1  grant  it  over  and  over  again,  are  fuperfli- 

otchincel  of  your  Magazine.  tious.     Vol.11,   p.  52.  The   friars  are  very 

VfiL  I.  p,  46.  and  in  fcvcral  other  places,     fuperftitious  in  increafing  the  number  of  their 

«ttt«iMr.  Sharp  very  roughly,  forintima-     faints,  and  that  with  them  our  Saviour  it 

JagAit  aflafiinations  are  very  frequent  at     fcarce  foperior  to  St.  Francis  and  St.  Domi- 

«•«•.  Vol.  I.  p.  146,  he  fays,  foperfKthm  if 
no  vice,  where  he  confounds  it  with  credu- 
lity, and  defends  it  on  political  principles, 
which  is  changing  the  queftion.— Mr. Baretti 
takes  great  pains  in  various  parts  of  his  uncon- 
neScd  performance,  to  defertd  the  Romi^ 
church,  and  throws  out  fc?eral  hints  againft 
the  reformation.  But  as  it  is  his  opinion, 
that  the  glory  of  God,  and  the  credit  of 
revelation,  muft  be  difregarded  when  put  ia 
competition  with  the  humour  of  the  people, 
and  the  intereft  of  the  dwarf  dates  of  Italy,  I 
think  there  is  no  occafion  to  attempt  a  con- 
futation of  fuch  principles. 

Vol.  I.  p.  57.  Mr.  Baretti  fays,  the  Ita- 
lians are  no  rioters,  and  hate  con^'uHon, 
that  he  never  heard  of  any  popular  infurrcc- 
tions  in  Tufcany,  and  feveraf  other  ftates  of 
Italy.  I  foppofe  he  has  never  read  Machi- 
avelli*i  Hiftory  of  Florence,  but  for  fear  he 
fhould  evade  this  evidence,  I  will  produce 


'fflw,  and  p.  C4.  aflerts,  that  the  common 
PWfleinthe  different  ftates  of  Italy  are  in 
tfnetaj  hflmble,  courteous,  and  of  a  friendly 
*^?afitioo;  yet  p.  61.  he  fays,  their  feelings 
»efcqaick,  that  even  a  difrefpcftful  word, 
^gluce,  win  malce  them  fall  upon  one 
»*<Wwtb  their  knWes,  p.  62,  63,  73, 
*%fcffletift)es  give  a  <hb  to  a  rival  and  even 
•®W,  and  arc  of  a  very  touchy  temper. 
Tbatdiemafters  of  coffee-houfcs  will  fome- 
^»««  attack  th'ofe  very  gentlemen  whofe  li- 
J^iiey  have  formerly  wore.  P.  69.  The 
'tilitti  ire  of  a  furious  difpofilion,  and  not 
^  l|W>oght  to  jnfticc.  Vol.  II.  p.  51. 
*■«  friars  are  very  malevolent  and  djfinge- 
•*«  in  their  cootroverfies.  Vol.  a.  p.  1 54. 
J^  people  of  Brelcia  are  of  a  very  quarrel- 
^e  difpofjtion,  and  till  very  lately  many 
"them  made  alTatiination  their  profeffion. 
^•1.1.  p.  lai.  Mr.  Baretti  cenfures  Mr. 
*^»P  for  fufpeaing  the  behaviour  of  the 
s»«ied  ladies  and  their  ciclfbcos.  And  p. 
Hbeaflerts  this  cutlom  to  be  entirely  in- 
^•^  aod  founded  on  platonic  principles, 
•wtfc  are  very  uri-vcrfal  in  Italy.  Yet  p.  295, 
^%«i  that  the  Italians  liave  fuch  warmth 
r  «iftilution,  and  quick  fenfibllity,  that  it 
f*t thought  piudcnt  to  teach  their  young 
"JjtinHific,  as  it  might  hate  a  very  bad  cf- 
'^oatbeir  morals.     P.  261.  That  the  pre- 


another,  the  validity  of  Which  he  muft  ac- 
knowledge. In  Mr.  Baretti*s  account  of  the 
manners  and  cuftomi  of  Italy,  vol.  II.  p.  59, 
60.  he  gives  it  as  his  opinion,  *«  that  domef- 
tjcpe;.ce,  the  extinaion  of  family  animofi- 
ties,  and  murdeaa,  is  to  be  afcribed  to  the  jn- 
Creafc'and  influence  of  the  friars,  and  not  to 
the  difpofition  of  people,  who  would  become 
—  .-v.,  muiaw,  IT.  aui.  xflai  tacprc-  tumultuoui,  if  not  kept  in  perpetual  good 
^aembcrs  of  the  Arcadian  focicty  are  humour  by  proceflTions,  church  illuminations, 
°Winanagc;^S  of  a  love  Intrigue.  Vol.  II.  and  thofe  other  things,  wittily  tcrn»d  rarce- 
Mt.  The  Venetian  nona  have  ruined  ^heir  (hews  by  the  witty  Mr.  Sharp.*'  To  thii 
'Station  by  the  wldcoels  of  their  grates,  might  be  added^  what  is  faid  aboift  oiT  the 
/*5i.  Their  joung  men  «  church  point  at     fubjcft  df  airaflinations. 

♦  Mr. 


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424         "^be  MONTHLY  GHRONOLOGEk.         April 


Mr.  Biretti  tikct  much  pabt  to^prove,  (htt 
the  ittlikhs  in  general  tulrlnte  thelciefic^ 
ts  metfa  It  iny  other  naddfis  in  Surogc,  yet 
befiyt,  1M)I.  II.  p.  Ill,  thit  the  Pieifcnon- 
lirie  a^  ^ery  ittitcnte  add  iffffpiiftit,  and  ^c« 
ftrt<o«»ted|^9,  that  he  ii  t  torn  ftratf|cr  to  the 
Keipolitans. 

fAv,  Baceftl  U  a  Urcrng  ftdimcXte  for  the 
gren  fertility  aod^pl^enty  of  the  ItaTTao  i!ate*> 
yet  1^1.11.  p  16 1/  he  layi,  <*  thkt  the  peafaHtl 
fn  vhite>  have  plenty  of  nefthing  ^ut  6rin|, 
that  they  crowd  ioto  their  ftibfei  with  tfaetr 
^ws  and  oxen,  eat  ^aotltiei  of  chefnotf* 
tpplct,  dry  peachet,  d^etie  aftd  polenta,  bi|t 
fcldottk  txm  w^hett-hreidy  meat,  or  flfli.  fa 
fommer  they  "fare  hetvet  by  the  iffnftaiiceof 
vegetables  and, catching  birdf.*'  As  a  ||aft 
*f  their  fotniner  etnptoyttent  if  to  eojby^t 
pore  eir  and  piOtirefque  laddfcapei,  no  woa- 
ier  they  live  fo  poorty  ia  the  winter. 

Mr.  Baretti  ^as  a  vety  intrepid  oetii  whtch 
kiftitds  the  boldeft  iflTektioM  00  the  fUgbtef^ 
Iboiidationt )  fbr' hating' in  thebe^nci^g  ^f 
his  wotfc  Qkeeified  three  or  four  words,  .the 
ttieani^  of  which'  h«  fays  Mr.  Sharp  -dM  oofc 
OOdetfitodf  he  begitos  hit  tenth  cha|^^r,.p« 
J47,  with  ftyiag*  **  1  think  it  already  pro- 
ved, to  the  reader^i  fatiffi^on,  (hat  Mr. 
ftharp  does  not  uHdeHltod  Ifr  WOrd  of  Italian.** 
^y  the  fame  method  of  reafoning  it  might  be 


eafily  proved  that  Mr^  Baretti  doei  not  under* 
'iiand  a  word  of  Engtift. 

Arhe  hu  i^ked  up  the  iiltet  of  poor  Ho^ 
^  A^eham,  end  declaitd  Wiw  tgftnft  eVuy 
one  that  hat  prefhmifd  to  (ky  any  thing  to  tEt 
.  difcredit,  of  thoie  pattcros  of  every  exceUeace, 
the  Kalians,  1  think  I  ihxll  oVFge Mr.BiK 
yettS,  hy  infonnihg  hieo,  thit  he  may  ^o4 
iome  more  employnient  for**his  pen,  if\b« 
Wi^l  \ck^  Barclay's  Icon  e$ii»hnk,  widl^  tiie 
aiticte  Italy. 

1  (hsrll  beg  leave  to  mike  bit  one  ohfenra- 
thm  nliort,  which  is,  that  in  whatever  light 
)Mr.  Slharp"!  ^tofdBon  may  be  IbOked  upon 
in  Irkly>  /^  ar  he  h  in  this  country  allowed 
fo  be  a  |emlto)aa>  ft  il  certainly  vety  impu* 
ftnt  hi  Mr*  Haretci  to  ti^eet  him  To  frequent- 
ly )dn  iSngljlh  grodAd  #hh  foch  ilXbetil  Ian- 
pufge,  i^hich,  however  he  inlbrmi  us  it  not 
to  be  diet  with  in  Itftly,  except  amongil  the 
cisxttfifT.  That  Mr.  -Shaip  might  maire  ibm^ 
mtftaket  on  this  fobje^t  Is  i/tt^  probible  and 
ipardoil^ble,  but  th4t  Mr.  Bariui  ftioo'kl  at- 
M»pt  to  ianpofe  upon  the  puUic  a  heap  of 
cootradidions  for  a  tme  accouht  of  his  Na- 
tive country  ii  onpatdooabie,  and,  if  hfe  ban* 
;iot  dear  up  the  abovb  atticles,  4nd  (e>i^al 
eitlherf,  I  think  he  ought  to  be^  Mr.'Skkr^S 
pardon,  and  that  of  thb  pnbltc. 


■*M^— p^VV'^Nh^^— ■iiww      p  111 


THE  -MONTM't'Y  CHRONOLOGER. 


Mono  AT,  Mardi  2S. 

£^P^L>grHlS    morning   3ir    ^illia^i 

l^*^frt  Beauchamp-P'oQor,  and  Mr*, 

I   T   Qr  Wilkes,  two  of  the  candidates 

!M  for  the  county  of  Middkfrx^ 

C¥^(jS(  ^^^  ^^hf  ^sentfordi    where 

^  the    eie^on   came,  00    that 

mprnlng  for  knights  of  the  /hire  for  the  laid 
county.  Mr.  Cooke,  the  oCbtr  candidate, 
WIS  coofioed  with  <he  .gout.  %At»  W^kei 
went  in  a  coach  drawn  by  '^x  loag-tailed 
korfest  and  was  attended  by  an  an^aaiog 
namber  of  people  to  the  place  of  ele^QA» 
which  was  held  in  the  middle  of  frentford 
^uttSf  a  temporary  booth  being  cfeOed  there 
for  that  purpofe.  The  majority  of  Jiandi 
appeared  in  favour  of  Sir  WUliam  B«au- 
chafl;ip*PioAor  and  Mr.  Wilkc^  who.  were 
accordingly  returned }  but  a  poll  being  de- 
manded in  behalf  of  Mr.  Cooke,  the  fame 
came  00  immediately  j  and  at  five  in  the  af- 
trrnoan,  Mr.  WUkcs  had  polled  fix  to  one 
jnore  than  that  gentleman.  At  nine  o'cjcck 
the  poll  finally  clofcd,  when  the  numbers 
ftood  ihui  I 

For  John  Wilkes,  Ifq  J    -       -  13^0 

Sir  WiUi^m  Beauchamp  F>o£lor  "hQj 
Geiirge  Cookf ,  Efq}  -  Say 

AccoMiii^ty  George  Coo'.e,  Efq;  and  Mr* 
Vlfifkes  ^ct<  d^fikicd  duly  «le£i[(;d» 


."the  mob  .braved  in  a  very  outrafeoyt 
manner  at ,  Hyde-Park-Corner,   where  U^tj 
felted  Mr.  C^ok,   fon  of  the  cky  marftaL 
and  knocked  ^im  frpm  his  horlr,  took  off 
the  vhecKof  one  of  the  carriages,  cot  tM 
hifuroefs,.  and  broke  the  gla(^  to  pieces^  lc» 
veral  other  carriage  were  greaUy  damagedJ 
The  reafon  ai&gned  for  tbefe  proceedings  «& 
that  a  dig;  was  evried  before  toe  proc^ffioo  Jj 
%lb.  Wi(kes*s  ,antagonifls,    on  which    wj 
painted,  «  No  Burphemer.**    There  has  n< 
been  (b  great  a  defcAion  of  inhabitan(B  fro 
trfutdon   and  Weftminft^,  to  ten  mil^  di 
tsmce,  in  one  day,  l^nee  the  lifepiardmaqi 
p#oph6cy  of  the  earthquake,  which  was  ' 
.dcAtoy  both,  thofe  cities  in  the  yetr  xy  ^o. 

In  going  there,  however,  feme  arregoJar 
ties  were  committed,  ^efides  the  afla^ 
made  upon  Mr.  Cooke,  Ion  to  the  city  ms 
Dial,  feme  other  gentlemen,  and  more  part 
cuUrlythe  two  old  members  were  aftoni 
^y  jthe  populace. 

Af  night  likewife  the  rabble  were  very 
iQultuous,  fome  perfons,  who  had  vo^ 
favour  of  Mr.  Wilkes,  having  put  out  Ii| 
.  the  mob  paraded  the  whole  town  ftoin 
to  Wefl,  obliging  every  body  to  illoii 
and  breaking  the  windows  of  futK  at 'j 
not  do  ir  immediately.    The  windowa  of  { 
M^tafio9*Hoafc«  b  partTcglir^  were  6fh 

-fill 


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m69.       ne  MONTHLY  GHR0K0L0(5ER.         *Lts 


Sibd  all  t«  pieces,  tofelfa«r  with  a  largs 
iii»<ilirr  Mui  (ome  pier  gUflb»  to  the  a^ 
MBtt  of  naoy  hondred  pouA«Ki.  Tbty  "de-i 
tnKftfJ  alfe  the  wiiidowa  of  Lord  Bate^ 
Ud  J^gmont)  Sir  Sampibn  OidtoH,  SirWt4« 
Etfi  Mayne,  and  many  ocber  gentlemen  and 
tfidcfiDenin  iiioft  of  the  puWick  flretfts  of 
tab  ctdet,  i#oadoa  and*  WeAmiafter.  At 
toe  ol  the  Aoovementiooed  gentlemen V 
Wifci^  tbe  mob  were  ia  a  great  oieafofe  iN 
nMii  to  i€»  by  the  imprudence  of  a  ftrvant^ 
v^lred  a  piftol  among  them.  At  Cbaring- 
Zt^  at  the  Duke  of  Nofthumberhnd'i  tbe 
■ab  alio  broke  a  Urn  panel,  but  his  grace 
bd  tbe  addrela  ro  get  rid  of  them,  by  order- 
iflfip  K^ts  immediately  inco  hit  windowi^ 
tai  fpeainc  the  Sbi^  ak-houfe,  which  foon 
ktm  them  off  to  ^at  fide» 

WkdnIcsdat,  3d. 

At  a  cotttt  of  conthoti-Cotineil  ctiled  dil 
fofafc  to  confider  of  tbe  moft  proper  and 
rfnftual  BBeMia  Co  prcrent  for  tbe  future,  at 
«dl  ai  to  pasiih,  -all  focb  at  ihall  be  found 
tt  hate  been  gmlty  ef  the  late  riou  and  dif- 
Myacea  i»  this  eicy»  Thit  court  came  to  a 
ieUnioa  to  profecote  wiih  the  utmoft  vi- 
ttor  ^  and  CVC17  peribn  who  (hall  be  con- 
nOai  of  having  been  adive  in  the  late  riott, 
aai  loaffer  by  adv^rtiieaientt  a  reward  of  fif* 
ty  fnmit  for  the  difeovery  of  every  offender^ 
!•  kt  paid  on  their  convi^ion,  and  ordered 
tke^HBcto  be  ioi'erud  in  every  diily  and 
iveaing  papery  and  a  large  number  of  the 
Urfieietotioa  to  be  printed  and  pofted  up  in 
ibe  aMft  p«iblic  placet  of  tbit  city»  and  the 
Mwtia  thereof.  They  alfo  di reded,  that 
iick  pio£ecoti»n9  ••  (bould  arife  from  their 
fcftlMisn  Aould  be  referred  to  the  committee 
if^eisied  to  d.reA  ibeir  law  prottedingf.  It 
•M  ftCerfed  to  the  Manfion-Houfe  comnlt- 
ke  lo  order  the  immediate  reparation  of  all 
bak  4aiiMget  M  the  fatd  houfe  may  hate 
^iiftiiiril  by  the  late  riot*  and  teimilBa. 
TauftsDAY,  jf. 

A  bouiV  wia  eodfuHJcd  by  fire^  In  Stepney 
Sqane* 

Friday,  April  8. 

Jaaace  Brownrigg  and  bit  Ton  were  dif- 
thaifcd  owf  of  Newgate,  on  giving  fecurity 
kr  their  good  behaviour  for  fe? en  yeart.  (See 
\A^JL  ^  538  ) 

TeetDAY,  ?!• 

Came  on  the  ele£tion  o(  a  governor  and 
lepbty-^ooernor  of  the  Bink  oi  England,  for 
tbe  year  ealWtng)  wh;n  Matthew  Clarmont, 
1%  ^«aa  chofen  |OTeri)or,  and  William 
Caepcry  Elqj  deputy  governor. 

WioNEinAY,  13. 
-The  fcrflowiftg  tweoty-f»or  diredort  of  the 
B  eleded  for  the  year  edfuingi 
1  Btfadicfofty  CharMt  Boehm,  William 
Banh*  Borton,  Bd^aixl  Darell, 
Pc«r  Dm  CaAe,  William  Ewer,  John  Ftiber, 
ekiiiopber  Hake,  juo.  William  Halhed, 
lebeit  Marii,  Richard  Neave,  Oeorge  Pe- 
tm,  Tbo.  Ptumcr,  Jailiet  Sperlingt   Daniel 

Apfi,  176S. 


Booth,  •  Lydc  Browne,  •  GtM^t  Drakei 
Phil.  De  h  Haiie,  »  George  Hayter,  Benja- 
min Hopkint,  Thomat  Thomat,  •  Mark 
Wcyland,  Edward  Pjyntr,  Efqrj. 

Thofc  marked  •  were  ncvtr  in  (he  dfrcc* 
tion  bf?fore. 

About  twelve  o'clock,  Mr.  WHkfs  mad^ 
his  appearance.  bef(»re  Lord  M.]n^f?eld  in  the 
Court  of  King's  Bench,  Wcftminfter,  wheri 
the  council  debated  about  tMO  hourt  t.h  th6 
nature  of  bis  outlawry  j  but  as  he  did  not 
make  hit  appearance  by  virtue  of  a  capiat  ui 
legatom,  the  court  determii^ed  nothing  con- 
cerning him.  He  made  the  following  fpeecH 
to  the  court. 

"  My  Lortit, 

According  to  the  Voluntary  prortiife  I  inadit 
to  the  public,  I  now  appear  befure  this  fo- 
vereign  court  of  juftice  to  fubmit  myfclf  ill 
every  thing  to  the  laws  of  my  country. 

Two  verdict  have  been  found  againft  me. 
One  is  for  the  republication  of  the  Kortb 
Briton,  No.  45,  themherforibepsblicatiofi 
of  a  ludicroQi  poem* 

At  to  the  re-pubHcation  c^  that  number 
of  the  ^fDrth  Briton,  I  caunat  yet  fee  that 
there  is  the  fmallef!  degree  of  guilt.  I  have 
often  read  and  examined  with  care  that  fa- 
mous paper.  I  know  that  it  it  in  ^ery  part 
founded  on  the  (Irongeft  evidence  of  faftt. 
I  6nd  it  full  of  duty  aud  refaeft  to  the  perfon 
of  the  king,  alifaou^h  ir  arraignc,  in  th^ 
fcvereft  manner,  tbe  conduflof  his  m«jeAy*d 
th^n  mtniAen,  and  bringt  very  heavy  chargea 
home  to  them.  1  am  perfuadcd  they  werd 
well  grounded,  becaufe  every  ooe  of  thufe 
mintftert  bat  fince  been  removed.  No  ond 
inftance  of  falfliood  hat  yet  been  pointed  out 
in  that  pretended  librl,  nor  was  the  wor4 
falje  in  the  information  before  this  court.  1 
am  therefore  perfe^ly  eafy  under  every  im- 
putation refpe^iilg  a  paper,  in  wh  ch  truth 
hat  guided  the  pen  of  the  writer,  whoever 
he  was.  in  every  fingle  line,  and  it  is  thiii 
Circumftance  ^hich  hat  drawn  on  me,  as  the 
fuppofed  author,  all  the  cruelties  of  minlfle* 
rial  vengeance. 

As  to  the  other  charge  agalnft  me  for  the 
publication  of  a  poem,  which  hat  given.juft 
offence,  I  will  a  ert  that  fuch  an  idea  never 
entered  my  mind«  I  bluih  again  at  the  re- 
coile^ion  that  it  has  been  at  any  time  and 
in  any  way  brought  to  the  public  eVe,  and 
drawn  from  tbe  obfcurity  in  whicfi  It  re- 
mained ufider  my  roof«  Twelve  copies  of  ft 
fmall  paft  of  it  had  been  nrinled  in  my  hoafe 
atmyoaro  private  pr^ft}  I  hadcarefuliy  locked 
them  up,  and  I  never  gave  one  to  the  moft 
intimate  friend.  Governn^ent,  after  the  af- 
fair of  the  North  Briton,  bribed  one  of  my 
fenrantt  to  rob  me  of  the  copy,  which  wat 
produced  in  the  Houfe  of  Peers,  and  after- 
wards before  this,  honourabk  court.  The 
nation  was  juflly^oflFcodcd,  but  not  with  me 
for  it  wat  evident  that  I  bad  not  been  guilty 
of  the  leaa  offcfice  t<>  the  public.     I  pra/ 

r  f  Cod 


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ii6         rbe  MONTHLY  CHRONOLCXJER:    •    ApriJ 


God  to  forgiTe,  «•  1  do,  the  jury  v^ho  hav« 
foond  me  guilry  of  publihiog  a  poem  I  con- 
cealed with  care,  and  which  it  not  even  yet 

publtflied,  if  any  precife  meaning  can  be 
aiBxed  to  any  word  in  our  language. 

But)  my  lor(1i,  neither  of  the  twoverdi^ 
could  have  been  found  againft-  ine»  if  the 
recordi  had  not  been  materially  altered  with- 
cue  my  confeot,  and,  u  I  am  informed, 
contrary  to  l^w.  On  the  tTcniog  only  be> 
fore  the  two  trialt,  —  —  -»-—  cau.cd  the 
recordi  to  be  altered  —  —  —  — ^,  againft 
the  confent  of  my  foUicitor,  and  without  my 
knowledge ;  for  a  dangeroua  illnefs,  anfiog 
from  an  affair  of  honour,  detained  me  at  that 
time  abroad.  The  alteratiodB  were  of  the 
utmoft-  importance^  and  I  wai  io  confequeoce 
tried  the  very  next  day  on  two  new  chargra, 
of  which  I  Could  know  nothing.  1  will 
venture  to  declare  this  proceeding  unconfli« 

tutional.     I  am  advifcd  that  ii  iai 1,  and 

that  it  readeis  both  the  verdidls  ab(blutcly 
vod. 

1  have  flood  forth,  my  lord?,  in  fuppon  of 
the  laws  againft  the  arbitrary  adts  ot  miLif- 
teri.  This  court  of  jufljcc,  in  a  folemn  ap. 
pfal  Tcfpt&iniCeneraiff^a' rants,  Hie  wed  their 
fenfe  of  thy  coaduO.  1  (hiW  continue  to  re- 
verence the  wife  and  m  Id  f)ilem  of  Englih 
laws,  and  this  excellent  cooOituuon.  I  have 
been  much  mifrfprcfentcd  j  but  ur.dcr  every 
fpeciea  of  perfecutt  ji,  I  will  lemain  firm  and 
friendly  to  the  monarchy,  dutiful  and  affec- 
tionate to  the  illufhious  prince  who  wcara 
the  crown,  and  to  the  whole  Biunfwick  line. 

Aa  to  all  n'ce,  intricate  points  of  law,  I 
am  fenfibic  how  narrow  and  circumfcnhed 
my  ideaa  are  ;  but  I  have  eaperienced  tb« 
deep  knowledge,  and  great  abilities  of  my 
counfcl.  With  thegi  1  reft  the  legal  part  <ȣ 
my  defence,  fubmitting  every  point  lo  the 
judgment  of  thii  honourable  courr^  and  to 
the  laws  of  England.** 

When  Mr.  Wtlkea  had  fin:/hec  hi«  ijpecch 
Mr.  Attorney  General  moved  for  hia  imme- 
Hiaie  commitment,  on  the  outlawry.  He 
^aa  anfwered  by  Mr.  Serjeant  Glyn,  Mr, 
Recorder  of  London,  Mr.  Mansfield,  and 
Mr.  Davenport,  fucceflively,  who  »ll  moved 
the  court  tor  a  wiit  of  Error,  which  Mr. 
Attorney- General,  on  being  applied  to  1  ft 
Saturday,  had  lefuftrd  to  grant,  fheyfpcci- 
fied  feveral  particulars  in  which  the  pioccfa 
of  the  outlawry  waa  erroneous,  as  fulBcieat 
grounda  for  the  motion,  and  of&red  to  give 
any  bail  for  Mr.  Wilkes^a  appearance.  The 
court  then  proceeded  to  give  their  opinions 
feriatim.  Lord  Mamfield  fpolce  long  and  for- 
cibly on  the  impropriety  of  the  procedure  on 
both  fides  J  obferving,  that  the  AUorney- 
Oeneral  could  not,  with  the  Icaft  appearance 
of  reafon  or  of  law,  move  for  the  commit- 
ment of  a  perfon  who  was  not  i^ga/Iy  in 
court }  nor  had  the  council  for  ibe  defendant 
any  brtter  pJra  for  their  motion  in  favour  of 
a  m^n  who  appeared  ^rath  bcfoie  ih&jn  :  He 
S 


added,  that  had  M>.  -  Wilkes  been  brooghe 
hither  .by  a  writ  of  taptas  mt  Jegatttm,  the  mo-    : 
tio«  mi|^t  then  have  been  made  with  pro-   : 
priety,   and  the  court  might  have  exerted^ 
had   thc^  pltafed,   their  difwretiooary^powcr 
in  acaepting  or  refufiog  their  bail.    Hii  lord-   , 
fliip   further    experefled  himfelf  very   happy    . 
in-   having    aa    opportunity   of   ezplaimaf    , 
hia  fentimenu  publickly,    before    fo    large    j 
an  audience,    with    regard    to    the   charge 
bfought  againft    him   by  Mr.    Wilkea,    of 
granting  an  order  for  the  amendment  in  the   • 
informatitMi  againft  him,   in  fobftituting  the   - 
w  ord  r«iMr  ioftead  of  purffrt  \  declaring,  re- 
peatedly,, that  he  thought  himfelf  bound  in 
duty  to  grant  it  {  that  he  conceived  it  to  be 
the  uniform ,  practice    of  all  the  judget  to 
gra&t  fuch  amendmentt  t  that  he  had  hin* 
felf  frequently  repeated  the  fanse  practice  in. 
other  caofea,  without  the  leaft  objection  be- 
ing ever  oflered  againft  it.     The  reft  of  the 
judget  agveed  with  the  chief  juAicc  in  opi- 
nion, that  aa  Mr.  Wilkea  was  not  legally  be- 
fore  the    ceurt,    no    proceedtnga  could   be 
had  upon  hi*  cafe  \  Mr..  Juftice  Willet  parti- 
cularly remarking.     «  That  the  oflicera  of 
the  crown    had  no  right  to  *  hrow  upon  that 
court  the  bufinefa  of  committing  Mr.  Wilkee 
upon  hia  gratU  appearance^  out  of  the  com- 
mon cour  le  of  law,  when  they  might  have 
brought  him  before  it  legally  by  a  writ  of 
Capias  vtitgatum^  which  it  would  have  been 
very  eaiy  to  execute,    fioce  he  has    noto- 
riouily  appeared  in  public  for  feveral  weck# 
paft}   and,  in  that  cafe,  the  Attorney  Gene- 
ral might  have  made-  lib  mottoo  with  pro- 
priety." 

Two  houfet  were  daftroycd  by  fiie  in  Port- 
man -fquare. 

C«me  on,  by  ballot,  the  ohoioe  of  diree» 
tort  of  the  Eaft-India  eompaoyv  for  the  year 
cnfutng  I  and  on  cafting  \^  of  the  numbeco 
yef^day,  they  appeased  to  be,  fos  each  can- 
didate, as  follow  t 

HOUSE    L  I  »  t; 
Thofe  marked  *  are  in  both  liils. 

^HenJAinin  Booth  599* William  Jamca    56^ 

J^irh,  Bofanijoei  4 j3  •Robert  Jones        57^ 

H.Crabb  Bouiton  430  John  Pardee         394- 

•Cha.  Chamber!    597  •Frederic  Pigoia    6ji 

•Jofcph  CrerA-i«ke594  •John  Purling        co7 

Sir  G.  Cull  broke  397   Luke  Scra^n      \it 

Sir  J  Cockbum    4t9*Wii|ifm  Snell      6i5| 

Peregrine  Cuft     430  •John  Stepbrnfon  607 

•ii.H.  Cruitende  1  6fi  •Edward  Wheeler  60T 

^Pet.DiiCane,juo.6io  Daniel  Wier        42.S 

•John  Harriffoo     6o5*Geo.  Wombwell  5-1 

•Jo'rph  Hurlock  559*JohnWoodboufe  55} 

The  tollowing  were  1*1  the  proprtetott, 

but  not  in  the  hoofe  ltd  : 

Henry  Fletcher      2/^2  John  Matteux        210 

Wm.  C,  Freeman  i99kichard  Smith       19$ 

Micli^el  Jmpty       j 76  Laurence  Sullivan  26^^ 

John  Manf^tlp        322  Richard  Warner     407 

£HenTy  Ciabb-Bcuiipn,  .Ei'q;  was   cV.ofcn 

chaiman 


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1768.        The  MONTHLY   CHRONOLOGER.         227 


rhairmaa^  tni  Sir  George  Col^broke^  bart* 
«ep 017- chairman,    the  ncit  day.] 
Thvbsoay,  14, 

At  the  atintTerfarf  'ermon  and  fcaft  of 
the  Londoa  hofpiial  2062 1^  98.  id.  viai 
collected. 

•Fa  IDA  T,  15. 

A  defferate  fray  happened  it  Wapping 
a*iiong  federal  gang*  of  coilbeivtrs  j  many 
perfoot  were  wounded,  aod  thret  or  toor 
keofet  almoft  deflroycd. 

SATUaOAY,    »6. 

Ended  thefeffioai  at  the  Old  Bii'ey,  wfien 
John  SherrMan,  for  a  rape  on  (he  body  of 
Mary  B\ick.in(baw,  Margaret  Waitt  for  rob. 
bing  her  miflveft ;  Jamts  Sampfon,  for  Heal- 
iag  b^k  BCtes«Co  the  amount  of,  92  ^  1.  the 
pn»perty  of  Gen.  -Conway  and  afterwards 
lietting  &e  to  hit  hoofe  )  Jofeph  Webb,  for 
borgUry,  and  John  Smith,  for  ftieep  flealing, 
received  feotence  of  death  }  but  Margaret 
Watt*  bttog  fottod  with  ^ild>  wjt  re'pited. 
Forty -csght  were  fentenced  to  be  trao(jportcd 
for  fcvea  yeart,  ooe  branded,  tfid  three 
whipped. 

TcmtDAT,   191 

A  hoafe  waa  coafuoned  by  lire  near  2clc- 
iagtony  in  Worceftcrflureh 

Wedncidat,  iq. 

There  was  another  great  diftorbance  An 
Wap;*iag  mxnoogft  the  coalheavtfs  and  others 
•Q  that  brai»ch»  when  great  nombers  beiet 
the  hoafe  of  Mr.  Green,  a  public4n,  who 
defeodcd  the  fame  all  night,  and  a  great  ma- 
ny ftot  were  6red  en  iboth  fides,  wherein 
tltfee  of  the  aiiailaots  were  killed,  aud  feve- 
lal  dangeronfly  wevnded.  The  guards  were 
lest  far,  and  Mr.  Otticn  and  ooe  Gibiathorp 
being  charged  before  juAice  Hodglbn,  with 
UhDg  William  Weak  and  two  others,  were 
by  the  faid  guard  condocted  to  Newgate. 
TnoasoAV,  at. 

AboQt  two  months  hoce  a  girl,  of  ab#ut 
fi^cn  yeara  of  age,  was  fedaced  from  her 
father *s  bottle,  by  an  totimate  acquaintance, 
as  ttippoiiBd;  which  givtng  great  oaaafincrt, 
they  aavgertilcd  -her,  with  a  reward  for  reco- 
vering her,  but  without  tfft€t ;  at  length  a 
friend  of  the  father's  faw  her  parading  with 
eihcr  looie.  gifis  at  the  hoafe  of  one  Mrs. 
■  ■  in  Great  Ayliffe  ftreet,  Goo  man't- 
fiddi ;  of  which  the  father  being  acquainted, 
vest  in  Use  afieraooo  of  this  day  and  eoqui^ 
/ed  Cor  bis  daoghter,  whom  the  old  woman 
J|t  firi^  dcflied  dLoowing,  hut  tha  oaighbours 
iafiftxag  that  fuch  a  girl  was  there  the  night 
More,  and  had  been  for  tvo  moriths  paf^, 
&eac  laft  acknowledged  fuch  a  perfon  had 
tahcq  lodgiagt  there,  and  been  troaud  witti 
afBoch  homanity  as  if  flie  had  been  her  oarn 
child}  that  fl>e  was  gone  out  a  w»licii»g 
(though  fcen  at  the  window  bat  a  few  mt- 
ooics  before)  and  that  the  did  not  know  him 
ta  be  the  lather ;  but  was  he,  or  was  he 
&•:,  he  ik«old.Aot  have  her  UU  Ike  ^as  fa* 


tiified  to  the  otmoft  farthing  of  her  deman<^i : 
the  father  pcrfoaded  her  to  furrcndcr  "be^ 
quietly,  or  he  woold  b  irg  a  peace  ofHcer 
with  him  ;  which  he  foon  afterward->  did, 
and  ap)n  the  father *•  knocking  at  the  door, 
and  being  re^u^ed  admittance,  he  threatened 
to  force  the  fame  :  whereupon  it  was  fud- 
denly  thro^rn  open  by  her  Ton,  who  with  a 
bliid^rdn  gave  him  fuch  a  violent  blow  over 
the  eye  j«  to  force  it  almoft  out  of  its  foc- 
ket  ;  upon  which  the  old  woman  came  op  to 
him  (half  blinded  and  in  great  *gony,  as  cer- 
tainly muft  be)  and  battered  him  w'rth  her 
fiflt  iti  fuch  a  manner  ever  the  fame  eye,  that 
ofie  corner  /tiingwas  quite  broke  j  a  furgeoo 
was  th^n  fent  for  hy  the  pop  lace  (by  this 
time  alembled]  who  did  wKat  was  neceffary, 
but  -pronouncfd  the  eye  irrecoverably  gone. 
Whilft  this  was  doing,  the  'woman,  her  Ton/ 
and  ihe  \o(i  iKecp,  with  fome  other  girls^ 
made  their  ^c^pe  backwards  j  whereupoa 
the  populace  tore  the  front  of  the  houfe  to 
pieces,  as  al  b  the  wainfcot  within,  and  took 
ill  the  fumifuteOut  oFthe  houfe,  and  burnt 
it  10  the  open  i^eet  before  the  door;  which 
threw  fo-ne  other  infamous  wretches  of  the 
oeinhbonrhood  mtofuch  a  pannlc,  that  they 
thou|Lht  it  nece!lary  to  (hut  up  their  houfet 
for  the  pref  nr.  On  the  2 id  at  niitht  a 
guard  of  one  hundred  foHiera  were  under 
armv,  to  pfevent  fur  Rer  mifchief. 

T:ie  following  (hocking  affair  happened 
at  Bow,  hear  Mile-end  —Mr.  Siyer,  an  e- 
minent  milt  dtftlller  at  Bow.  went  early  in 
the  moaning  into  his  garden,  and  looking^ 
into  the  necefTary  houfe  faw  a  man  there, 
whom  he  qoef  ioned,  aiking  what  bufinefs 
hf  had  there,  and  who  he  was?  The  man^ 
who  proved  af.ei^ards  to  be  a  lunatic,  not 
making  a  fatisfaflory  reply,  Mr.  Sayer 
thought  proper  to  fecure  him,  which,  with, 
the  a(!ifhmce  of  his  fervinrs,  he  effc£ted, 
and  carrird  him  before  a  magi(trate,whr)com. 
mitted  him  for  the  prcrent  to  the  purifh 
workboafe,  I'll  he  could  be  more  fafely  ta- 
ken care  of.  In  this  place  he  Continued  all' 
day,  and  bchlving  to  ypnearance  in  a 
reafbnabie  nTanner,  'about  fa  at  night 
he  prevailed  on  the  b^ad  e.  and  another 
perfon  who  were  ordered  to  fit  up  with 
him,  to  take  off  his  handcufTs,  which  being' 
made  fur  a  woman,  hurt  hi-^  wrifts  and  caufcd 
them  to  fwell.  He  then  aOted  what  ir  was 
o^clock,  and  on  being  told  near  eleven,  re- 
plied, *  'tis  very  well:  at  that  time  I  ihall 
begin  mpr  work."  Accordingly  when  the 
ch»ck  Aruck  eleven,  betook  up  a  ^hair,- with  • 
which  he  endeavoured  to  knock  dowti  the 
two  persons  who  were  appointed  to  take  care 
oi  himr  ont  of  whom  however  (the  beadlr) 
luckily  got  ou',  on  which  the  madman  im- 
mediately bolted  the  door,  and  v^^ith  a  clea- 
ver, -which  happeptfd  Dnfortunateiy  to  ,be 
left  in  the  room,  it  is  'Aippofed  he  knocked 
dawn  ttte  oihccy  aad  ;cvereJ  the  head  from 
F  f  a  lh« 


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all  Tbe  MONTHLY  CflRONOLOGER.        April 


ik^  bodji  After  this  her  went  up  ftmirs,  where 
iie  cut  and  mingled  feveral  periont  v^ho  were 
in  bed  in  the  boufe,  The  mafUr  and  mif' 
tfeit  of  the  workboqfe  would  moft  probably 
have  fliared  the  f^tme  f<tre,  if  they  had  not 
fiarricAded  ihemfclven  in  their  rooqi  by  pla<* 
cing  cbeAa  of  drawer*,  and  other  furniturej 
fgainft  the  door,  which  be  l)ad  near  chop- 
fd  to  plecei  when  aHiftance  came,  who« 
with  great  difficulty,  fecureil  him,  a«  they 
were  obliged  to  make  ufe  oi  fire  arms.— U  i« 
imagined,  from  the  wounds  be  b^a  receivedy 
^rg  (hot  chxougb  one  arm,  and  one  of  bit 
hands  being  partly  (hot  oft',  ai  well  as  (he 
fOotufjoni  on  hit  head,  that  be  cannot  liye« 
^fuft  of  tbt  Ciiy  HoJ^halifir  17671 
St.  Bartholomews. 
Cored  ai^d  difehargedfrom  this  kofpit«l  3804 
Out-patienta  relieved  with  advice  and 

medipoei'  -  -.  '  311? 

Truflli  given  by  tbe  lia%rtatCQ  •       8 

turied  this  year  36a 

emaining  lender  cure  415 

CHt-p«(ient  ->  «  ly^. 

In  til  inrludiBg  but-patlentt  '7994 
St,  Tnomas's  Hofpital. 
Cured  and  difcharged  fiom  this  hofpital  6^96 
juried  (his  year  277 

]^emainin^  under  cure  467 

Out-patients  v  ^  .219 

Total,  including  out-patienti     7859 
Chrlft's  Hofpital. 
Children  put  forth  apprentices,  and  dif- 
charged out  of  this  hofpital  laft  year^ 
twelve  whereof  w^te  inC^uded  ia 
the  mathemaiicks  144 

juried  tbe  laft  year  •  3 

iiemaiiiing  in  this^ofpital  903 

Bridewell  Hofpita^ 
Vagrants,  Sec.  relieved  and  dirchargt4       569 
Itiaiataiacd  in  feveral  trades,  &c«  60 

Beihlem  Hofpitalrv 
Admitted  into  ihia  l^fpita^  Z^% 

Cured  ...  *  17a 

juried  «  •  56 

&9mMaiog  under  curt  •  •  253 

MoMDAT,  95. 
A  brge  body  of  coalbeaveri  aflembled  to  a 
tiotous  maoocr  in  Wapping*  went  on  board 
ebe  collierf,  and  obliged  thoie  mei)  who  were 
at  work  to  leave  o^  fo  that  bufinefs  is  at 
a  ftand.  A  fray  afterwirdi  enfued  between 
ieme  •f  the  lumpers  fervantt  and  the  above 
coalheaveis,  in  which  it  is  faid>  three 
mea  were  killed  and  feveial  *^o«nIed,  A 
party  of  the  guards  waf  lent  from  the 
Tnwet  to  qaell  the  rieten.  They  are  moft 
•f  them  Irifh,  have  formed  ihemfelves  into 
Htvetal  paniesy  go  armed  wiih  cutlafles  and 
^iftoli,  and  by  meaoi  pi  catcalls  fan,  in  9 
Hiortvcimfi  afiemble  a  vaft  number  together. 
We  ON  asp  AT,  a7« 


Weftmin^t  before  the  ,hon.  Lord  Chief 
Ju(iice  Mamfield,  the  grand  caufe  betweea 
the  college  of  phyficians  and  the  licentiate!, 
whsn.  after  a  long  hearing  which  lafted  till 
near  three  o*clock^  a  verdi^  was  given  in  fa<* 
voor  ot  the  former.(Sec  laft  vol*  p.  485,  5a3« 
About  nine  o*cjock  Mr.  Wilkes  wat 
brought  to  Weftmin'Ur-hall  by  virtue  of  4 
writ  of  capiat  ttt/egatum^  bat  on  account  of 
tbe  trial  ot  the  ph>ricunt,  be  did  notci^me 
into  the  court  of  King's  Bench  till  cx^SLlf 
four  minutes  before  three  o*:}a(k  in  the  af« 
teraoon  t  A  writ  of  Error  was  allowed  (  after 
which  it  was  argued ,  whether  the  faid  gen- 
tleman could  be  adrsitted  to  bail,  when  after 
(eyeral  learned  arguments  aud  debates,  wbidi 
lafted  till  half  paft  fix  o'clock,  it  vyasthe  opi* 
olon  of  the.court  that  he  cculd  not}  in  con^ 
fequence  thereof  he  was  a>moMtted  to  the  ' 
King's  Bench  prifoaj  to  which  place  as  Mr« 
Wilkes  was  going,  from  Weftmii^fler-hall,  in 
an  hackney  coach^  attended  by  Meftrs.  Stitch« 
f  11  fnd  Holloway,  tipftaftr-  to  tbe  fight  hon* 
Lord  Mai)s field,  the  mob  fioppe<l  the  coaik 
at  the  foot  of  W  ftmioAer  Bridge,  oa  tho 
Middlefex  fide,  tpol«  oat  the  hoifea,  and 
dre«r  the  coach  along  the  Strand,  Freet-ftreer, 
&c«  to  Spitalfields,  When  they  came  to 
Spital-fquare.thei  obliged  the  two  lipftafti  to 
get  out,  and  let  them  go  very  quietly  away  i 
tbey  then  drew  Mr,  Wilkes  to  the  Thrca 
Tunf  tavern  in  Spicalfields,  where,  from  a 
one  pair  of  ftairs  window,  he  e^nieftly  eo*. 
treated  them  to  retire  {  bat  they  refo(cd» 
Csying  they  would  w«tch  him  till  the  mora- 
ing.  Mr.  Wi|kes  aftoted  the  tipftafA,  that 
as  ibon  as  the  populace  wtte  dUperfed,  ho 
would  furrender  to  the  King's  Bench  \  which 
he  did  the  Ume  night. 

A,  child  has  been  killed  by  tbe  faU  of 
fome  old  tenements,  near  Wbitechapel. 

The  king's  {«ardon,  and  a  reward  of  ?03 1, 
from  the  didce,  are  promi&d  forv  the  dfioo> 
vory  of  the.  perfoo  who  feot  a  threatening) 
letter  to  the  Duchefs  of  NorthumberUod. 

The  prince  of  Monaco  is  arrived  in  Eng- 
land, oa  a  vifit  to  the  toyal  faiaily.  (See  laft 
aoUp.  514.) 

On  Sunday  the  17th  indent  the  gallery 
of  Hound  church,  near  Hamble,  Haati,  feU 
dowB  in  tbe  time  of  divine  (ervice,  when  many 
of  tbe  congregation  were  afl*embled  therein  i 
by  which  accident  fevecal  perfona  had  tha 
misfortune  to  have  fome  of  thew  booae 
broke,  and  others  ,«^ere  very  much  broi  ed^ 
but  happily  no  )ife  was  loft.  It  was  occa- 
f^aned,  we  hear|  b^  the  main  beam  baeak* 
ing  ftiort  oflf. 

At  the  a^zes  at  Warwick,  fisnr  malefae- 
tors  received  fenteoce  of  death  $  at  Taapton, 
ffuf,  one  of  them  for  moidetiag  his  father, 
who  was  executed  as  uiiial  j  at  Kia^fton,  .fix, 
three  of  whom  were  repriavad|  at  Shrew  f-- 
bury  live  $  at  Derby,  Charles  Pteafaiits,  for 
fV|^  I    *t  LM»n^flo|i|    ^?<i   but  all  !«• 

ffitvc^i 


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1768,       Tkf  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.  it^ 


ftMnsd  i  atStoffwJ^  tkvcB/  iiiveii  of  wfaom 

9f«K  reprieved  {   at  Laocate,  one,  but  re- 

prifT«d  j  aad  at  Bary*  fevM«    {Su  p.  i%5.) 

A  ^wcr't  hoift,  ^atboyfra,  and  flock  df 

ain,  bate  been  ooofumfld  by  fire,   at  Fel* 

M^  Hounfl<»w-Heath, 
A  hooie  of  iaocolatioa  ac  Vaxky*    near 
PcfterboroBfby  hat  been  iemoliflwd  bjr  tlM 
ypuiace. 

Sevea  heufet  have  been  homt  4ot»n  at 
^apdy-Une,  Wilta. 

The  lalQedi  for  the  prtsei  f?ve«  atrnu- 
aHf  bf  tlia  rcpicfeotatives  of  the  amverfity  of 
Ca«bfi4fe»  inparllameot,  are,  this  year. 

For  the  Seaior  Bachelors  t 
1^^  cmmjy  fmt  fudrt  Omtet  St^aitHimMlH 
bmpcimim  aiim  eomptitfa^uruui  p^cmiiiM  \ff^ 
htdittrnM  0tfam  i^hra  trimimm  mortf  y^J"^* 
pkdnt  emdeUffimh  pmiMnitr  $ 
For  the  hiidtfk  Bacbclora  i 
Virwm  Smmttit  nwpw  hJHhfi^  ad  prtmvvemiat 
artts  6if  eoi^tmereia  wiagm*  mrttjifet  f^cmB" 
wmcU  ifftfmnt  f 
The  cierciiea  are  to  be  delivered  in  by  the 
loth  oT  Jooe  ncxtj  is  the  ufual  mioaer. 

^  Tbt  J^fnOltm  of  Niuvebfor  its  irafiO' 
tditf^Wrmm  tbi  frvjitdu-'H  appointed  for 
Che  iTob^ed  of  ibe  poem  for  Mr.  S<ato«*i 
prise,  t^  prcftot  year/* 

A  fine  hou&  at  Lymit  U  ihrlb%>  hat 
been  coBfaoKd  by  fire* 

Mr.  Willtam  Odgerf,  one  of  Ibe  oflkcft 
ef  hia  me}efty*8  Cttftomi  at  Penaao^e,  in  ibe 
caecvtioQ  of  bia  offiee^  in  Mstnf  and  fecu- 
naf  k  iu%%  qoanti^  of  Dncuftoned  gObda 
tee  litae  afo»  waa  moft  baihatonfly  nurder- 
oi  bf  four  liooera  betefioc  to  the  parHh 
of'Gwonaop  in  ConiwaUy  who  were  aieni- 
hied  for  the  patpofe  of  vefcoiag  fhe  fiud 


Oa  the  >iftfa.  in  tho  loONiiiiK,  a  violtm 
Aena  of  thander  and  lighrening  hsppf  aod  at 
Radwinter,  near  Saflfhm  Waldeo,  in  (flax, 
which  did  great  damage  to  the  hoafe  of  Mr, 
Baxttcay  %  farmer  at  ttiat  place.  The  /ore- 
door  wta  ftaitered  to  pieces,  aad  afl  the 
^iadowattffeoor,  except  oae,  broke  entirely^ 
teecly  a  piece  of  glaftor  lead  Mo^tning  to 
he  feea.  The  chtaintca  were  rht  own  down 
•o  the  ridge  of  the  hooie,  and  feveral  l^ngle 
Ifficka  leatcercd  to  a  great  diftonee.  Several 
Mef,  likowiie,  appeared  »A  fhe^>ch«fthe 
chiainey  wear  the  ground.  Wkhin  the  boufe, 
the  lightafting  bad  a  omA  ancomnion  efKsA  \ 
mukf  al  the  doort  were  thrown  ofl*'  their 
hiagea,  aad  broke  \  a  pair  oT  beUows  war 
tafled  to  the  other  Ado  of  the  roeoi,  and 
tfiaittfed  to  pkccs}  the  beU  of  the  clock 
Wake,  aad  the  works  were  greatly  dfimaged. 
In  the  kitchen,  a  cnpper  bad  two  holes 
made  in  it,  and  all  the  pewter  plates  which 
Aood  JgaihA  fhe  wailbad  each  a  hole  Aeltr 
ad  hi  them  aboot  the  bignefs  of  a  fiirpence. 
The  aiain  hoam  of  the  hoife-  was  dtfphccd, 
•&4  had  it  Mmi  4N*n  a  ^^fvartcr  0f  »q  hi^ 


futher,  one  ikfe  of  ^e  hbuft  mvft  have 
fallen  down.  The  houfefoffered  in  many 
other  placca,  and  the  funntore  in  gener4i 
was  g;reatly  damaged. 

A  (hepherd^s  cottage,  en  the  9th.  was 
cofifnmed  by  fire,  at  little  Maffingham,  Hor« 
folk,  with  all  his  faimiog  ftock  and  utenfili, 
wc, 

Extr^a  of  a  letter  from  Cockermoutb,  datti 
April,  »3. 
«*  Thtf  day  the  high  thertff  of  Cumber* 
land  made  his  return  of  members  for  the 
fwinty.  In  the  coorfe  of  tlic  poll  373  of  the 
freeholders  who  tendered  their  votes  for  Mrt 
Curwen  and  Mr.  Fletcher,  and  fifty -fcvea 
of  the  friends  of  Tut  James  Lowther  and  Mr« 
Senhoufe,  were  rejeded  by  the  returning ^ 
officer,  After  two  or  three  days  taken  for 
deliberatton,  the  (herifT  proceeded  this  morn- 
ing to  further  rejeftioni,  and  ftruck  out  of 
the  poll' book  upwards  of  fifty  of  the  votert 
fpr  Mr.  Curwco  and  Mr  Fletcher,  fnd  aboat 
one  foorth  part  of  that  number  from  Sir 
James  L.owther'i  and  Mr,  Senhoafe's  lift. 
On  the  rerult  of  the  whole  the  high  fliertff 
found  that  the  numben  were,  for 

Mr.  Curwen  «  *I39 

Sir  James  Lowthety  S977 

Mr.  Fletcher,  -  1975 

Mr.  Senhoofe,  «  1891 

and  he  thereupon  returned  Mr.  Curwen  and.- 
Sir  Jumea  Lowther.  The  greateft  oart  of 
thoie  who  wer#  rejected  in  prejudice  of  Mr. 
Curwen  and  Mr.  Fletcher,  were  neighbour^ 
to  the  former  of  thefe  gentlemen,  and  lived 
within  bis  manon  t  the  obje£tlon  taken  to 
them  vras,  that  the  land  tax  afTefTnents 
were  not  duly  figned  and  fealed  by  the  com* 
miAonert,  though  the  vours  were  rated  in 
the  duplicate, .  and  actually  paid,  and  had 
for  years  paid  the  land  tax ;  and  it  is  very 
obftirvable  that  the  eftate  Mr.  Curwen  gave 
in  aa  his  <)uali(ication  for  knight  of  the 
Ihtre  waa  not  fafRcient,  tn  the  judgment  of 
the  Iherifl!^  to  entitle  hitn  to  vote  as  a  forty 
flilUifip  a  year  freeholder,  00  account  of  the 
informality  of  the  aflcfllnent. 

A  letter  from  Bofton  in  New  £n|l«ldy 
dated  March  7,  fkya,  •*  You  have  long  beea 
acquainted  (fee)  laft  vol.  p.  68 1,)  with  the 
|iatnotic  refolvea  of  the  inhabitants  of  thk 
town  to  difeourage  the  Importation  of  forei^ 
manufa^res}  1  have  now  to  inform  yon, 
that  our  hoo.  hoiifeof  rcprefentatrves  hava 
fliewn  thetr  approbation  Of  our  eonduft  there* 
in.  In  a  full  aflembly  held  on  Fridj^  lift  }  ^\sen 
they  came  to  the  following  refblutioni,  which 
were  ordered  to  be  immediately  made  public  t 
<*  Refojved,  that  this  houle  will  ufe  their 
ntmoft  endeavDury,  and  enforce  their  endea* 
vonra  by  example,  in  (Uppreffing  extrava* 
'gance,  idleoefs,  and  vice,  and  promoting  in- 
daftry,  eect^nomy,  and  good  morals,  it  their 
'tefjpe£Hve  towns. 

And  in  ordf r  to  prcrciit  tlie  tinmceflTary 
cxpartatioa 


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igo        7be  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 

exportation  of  iiioo«]r>  of  which  tbif  pro- 
vince has  of  Itte  been  To  much  drained,  it 
\»  lurther  refblfed.  That  this  hoofe  wilJ>  by 
all  prudent  meant,  endeavour  to  difcountft* 
nance  the  ufe  of  iorcign  fupeifluicieSy  and  to 
focourage  the  manufa&nres  of  this  province.** 
The  city  and  iQAnd  of  New-Orleans  it 
BOW  entirely  taken  pofTeflioa  of  by  the  Spa- 
oiardr. 
From  tbi  Philadilvria   Oaiett*. 

Philadelphia,  Feb.  i.  On  the  lothoflaft 
month  fo  ^r  Indian  men  and  two  women  went 
to  the  houle  of  Frederick  Stump  near  the 
mouth  of  Middle-Creek,  in  the  county  of 
Cumberland  in  this  province,  where  the  faid 
Stump,  after  difabling  them  by  making  tbem 
drunk,  moil  inhumanly  mmdered  them,  and 
hid  tbeir  bodies  under  the  ice  in  the  creek. 
<)n  ihe  next  day,  he  went  with  a  fervant-  lad 
to  an  Indian  cabbin,  about  fourteen  miles  up 
the  faid  Creek,  and  there  bstbarouHy  put  to 
death  an  Indian  woman,  two  girJf,  and  a 
young  childy  then  fet  fire  to  the  cabbin,  and 
burnt  the  bodies  to  alhes.  After  committing 
tbefe  horrid  murders,  he  freely  cosfefled  the 
whole  to  Mr.  William  Blyth,  whofe  depofi- 
fition^  we  hear,  has  been  taken  before  the 
chief  juftce.  The  only  rcafons  aifigocd  by 
him  tor  thefe  atrocious  violences,  were, 
that  he  was  afraid  the  fix  Indians  intended 
to  do  him  «  mifchief,  aod  that  he  murdered 
the  bther  four,  left  they  ibould  inform  the 
other  Indisns  of  the  death  of  the  fix.  Upon 
the  whole  he  feemed  to  be  under  no  appre*- 
lienfioni  of  punilhment,  and  behaved  as  if 
be  had  di'ne  a  meritorious  a£tIon« 

Philadelphia,  Feb.  4.  The  follow!^  is 
an  cxtradt  of  a  letter  from  Captain  Patterfoo, 
Utely  in  the  provincial  fcrvice  (now  lying  at 
Jeniata)  dated  from  Califie,  Jan.  23. 

'<  The  aift  inflanr,  1  ma'ched  a  party 
ef  nineteen  men  to  George  Gabtiers  houfe, 
at  Pen's  Creek's  mouth,  and  made  prii'oners 
Frederick  Stump,  and  John  Ironcutter,  who 
were  fufpeOed  to  have  murdered  ten  Indians, 
near  Fort  Augufta  }  and  I  have  this  day  de- 
liver ed  them  to  Mr,  Holmes,  at  CarliHc 
Gaol* 

Yefterday  I  fent  a  perfou  to  the  Great 
Ifiand,  that  underftands  the  Indian  language, 
with  a  talk.  M)  felf  and  party  were  cxpofed, 
^o  great  dangers  by  .  the  derperate  refinance 
made  by  Stump,  and  his  friends,  who  fidcd 
with  him.  The  mcflage  I  have  ftnt  to  the 
Indiaiis,  I  hope  w'.ll  not  be  deemed  alTuming 
any  authority  of  ray  own,  as  you  are  very 
fenfible  1  am  00  firaoget  to  the  Indians,  and 
their  cuftoms.  lam,  &c. 

W^Pattiisok. 

On  Friday  morning  laft  a  number  of 
^rmed  men,  about  80  it  is  faid,  went  to  the 
gaol  of  Cirhilc,  which  they  entered  by  force, 
and  ca^ied  otf  the  sbove  mentioned  f^red^- 
rick  Stump,  and  johd  Ironcuuer,  notwith* 
(landing  the  oppufiiioa  and  perfuafioos  of 
t^c  n^aglAiates  and  othe'rs  to  the  contrary* 


April 

This  aflbir  hat  grtatly  alanned  the  govern* 
nent  of  Peofylvania,  who  are  taking  ererj 
mcafure  to  prevent  an.  lodtaa  war.  A  war 
if  alfo  likely  to  Weak  out  between  the  Creeks^ 
aftd  the  Chiekefaws,  and  Oheaaws.] 

One  Nat*  Jone^  1  fo  dier  in  the  igch^ 
regiment,  now  at  Gibraltar  has  confcfled, 
that  in  Aug*  1765,  be  mordeted  end  robbed 
a  woman  near  Yeovil,  in  SonerlifftAire,  aa4 
afterwards  threw  her  body  into  a  marle-pit« 

At  Brunfwick,  1141  were  bom  in  1767, 
and  lOftft  were  buried  ;  at  Chefler,  chrhlened 
3St>  married  143,  beried  3^7  \  at  Gopcn- 
hagjsn,  bom  205', .Died  3)61,  married  909  % 
at  Durham,  chrifteocd  males,  77,  femalee 
7a,  married  €5,  buried  155)  at  Liverpoolt, 
cbriftened  1078,  buried  oa;,  married  471 1 
at  Newcaftle  upon  Tyne,  chiifteoed  7*4, 
buried  8x4  {  at  Turin,  born  a9$#,  died 
5980  i  at  Whitby,  chviJIeoed  298,  buried 
I77»  married  5$ ;- at  York,  chriftened  47&« 
married  157,  buried  405. 

From  tbi  LoNOOV  GAtXTTV>  April  ft6« 
Extra  fi  of  a  LiUirfrem  Fort  St.  Gecrge,  i^ 

tbi  Eitt  Indies,  dmtd  Goober  8,   1767. 

'<  We  have  received  from  our  camp  tbo 
following  account  of  the  defeat  of  the  joint 
forces  of  Nizam  Ally  and  Hyoer  Ally, 
near  Trinoioallee,  on  the  a6th  •i  Septem- 
her  laft,  by  the  company's  forces^  under  tbo 
command  of  Colonrl  Smith.**. 
Frtm  tbi  field  if  Uttk  dt  Errour  afar  Trino* 

mallee,  Sepf.  07,  1767. 
.  <*  YeAcrday  evemag,  after  feveral  ma* 
ncuvrca  on  both  £dc^  we  broo^t  the  ene- 
my to  an  a£kioo,  and  have  efie<luaMy  routed 
them.  They  endeasoured  at  firft  co  torn 
a  warm  (anoonada  open  our  left,  and  oa 
we  could  not  well  come  at  their  guns,  on  ac* 
count  of  a  morois  in  front,  we  vsere  ordered 
to  endeavour  to  turn  their  left  round  fume 
hills  which  lay  in  our  ftont.  We  did  fo,  and 
irefently  brought  them  to  an  action,  which 
after  a  very  fpaart  fire  ended  in  their  defeat. 
Our  loft  is  fmall ;  the  rapidity  with  whicW 
our  troops  adv^ced  upon, them,  allowing 
them  todoua little  harm, every  thiagcoofidtr* 
ed.  We  lay  on  the  field  all  left  night,  and,  at 
foon  as  we  could  diftinguifli  objefti,  we  marched 
this  morning  in  purfuit  of  them  t  TheynMdn 
a  faint  ihew  of  refiftance,  but  are  gone  en* 
tirely  ofif,  as  it  is  thought  through  she  Chan* 
^ama-Pafa  into  the  Baharah-Haul  eeontty. 

We  followed  them  till  the  Arength  and 
fpirits  of  our  army  was  quite  eshauied,  and 
obliged  us  to  halt  on  the  fpot  we  ate  now 
encamped,  which  it  about  eight  mika  oa  the 
road  to  Changama  from  TranoauUee.  Laft 
oight  we  feiaed  nine  of  their  guns,  and  am 
i^w  in  poflelTioo  of  about  fifty  piecesof  their 
otnnoo,  which  they  could  not  carry  ofif  in 
their  precipitate  retreat.  Both  our  officera 
and  mnxi  behaved  with  the  greateA  refoia* 
tion«  The  enemy!*  lofs  mud  be  great , 
but-ciAnof  he  afee'staiflcd,  aa  the  moment  a 


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176?.        FOREIGN    AFFAIRS.  231 


Bttfi  ii  kilted  or  wovnded,  his  oMiipaiiioiit 
carry  bim  off.  The  prifoaeri  iolonn  us 
thst  oor  eanoofi  mkdt  freat  havock  anoof 

We  learn  fince,  that  foarttea  sore  pieces 
of  die  eaein7*t  camioa  bare  beca  fovad  a« 
oMBg  the  bafbcf. 


ifri,  PRITCHARD'i  Faixwili.   Epi- 
logue* 

TH  E  cartain  4rop»— ai]^  mimic  Ufc  i» 
paft.  .     ^ 

Ttat  fcene  of  *pe/  aod  //rrwr  waa  my  Utt. 
CmU  I  in  foch  a  keoe  my  exit  makc> 
WbcB  ctVy  real  feeling  p  awake  ? 
Which  beattAg  hues  Superior  to  all  art, 
Borfta  la  foil  tide«  from  a  meft  grateful  heart. 

1  oow  afpear  myfelf-odif^reit'd,  difmay'd^ 
More  tbaa  in  all  the  cbaraaeti  Tve  playM  i 
Ib  sQed  f  afllMit,  tears  muft  feem  to  flow, 
Bmt  I  k09t  tbm  ^mhiu  tbst  pMfiM  Jhtm, 

Bdbrt  1  go,  aod  cbia  lov'd  fpot  forfake. 
What  gtaticuOe  cao  give»  my  wjbei^  tak« } 
Upoo  yoor  baait  may  no  affliaion  piey« 
Wbkh  camoc  by  the  «age  be  cbas*d  away  I 
Aai  nay  the  ibge,  to  pUafe  each  irirtoous 

miad, 
Gfov  ev'ry  day  more- moral,  more  refisiM  j 
Refia'd  from  groffnels,  not  by  fWcfga  flcih  \ 
Weed  oot  the  poifbn,  but  be  EngUih  ftill. 

To  aM  my  btctbreo  whom  I  leava  ^hind, 
StiU  may  yoar  bomity,  as  to  me  be  kXoA  \ 
To  me  for  many  years,  yoar  favours  flow'd. 
Humbly  receiv'd,  00  fmall  dtfsrt  befiow^d  \ 
Jot  which  1  fbel  —what  csaoot  be  eaprefsM— 
Words  are  im  wtak^my  Mars  maft  fpeak  the 

fCft. 


POREfGTi    AFFAIRS. 

COPEKHACEM,  March  15.  Vefter« 
^ay  being  the  firft  time  oC  her  majcAy*s 
appearing  in  pubic  fince  her  lying-in^  it  was 
•bicrvedasaday  of  Gala  :  The  foreign  mi- 
aifiers,  nobility,  £ec.  h^d  the  honour  of 
paying  their  refpe^  to  her  majefly  upon  the 
ocrafton  I  and  in  the  evening  thare  was  a  ball 
and  fopper  at  ccurr,     (See  p.  1 19.) 

Stockholm,  Much  29.  Tnit  capital  and 
iu  aeifbboarhood  have  luttcred  confiderably 
by  ibe  lale  Aorm  Moft  of  the  houfes  at 
Lidkiopiogin  WeOrogotbia,  were  deifroyed^ 
tb«  tower  ot  the  church  waa  beat  down  j  aud 
e*fht  pcrfoDS  have  been  found  buried  under 
eb«  foow. 

Warfaw,  March  ^.  Thii  day  tl?e  Dyet 
bdd  a  formal  fclfion,  which  it  the  laft, 
wherein  every  thing  that  the  commtfllouert 
ka?a agreed. 00,  in  thetr  difitreord«libcra- 
tiooiy  whether  amqng  tbemfelvt^,  or  jointly 
with  the  Rufli^rn  ambaflfador,  have  been 
•fprofed  and  confirmed.     (See  p.   167  )     It 

•  Tbt  hjifctne  in 


was  catered  in  the  regidcrs,  thst  not  oiiw 
ly  the  general  confederacy  of  the  ftates,  but 
alfo  that  of  the  diflidents,  were  en  irely  at 
an  end.  At  the  fame  time  it  waa  deciaredV 
that  the  treaty,  which  the  grand  commifiioo 
h%6  entered  into  vrith  the  ambafTador  of 
Ruflia,  refpe£^iog  both  the  d^fi^dents  and 
she  itate-affnrs  of  the  king,  flioald  have  the 
force  of  a  law,  and  be  confidered  as  a  fonda- 
mental  and  perpctiul  conflituuon.  Tht 
faaie  day  the  deputies  of  the  dilTidentv 
caufed  the  t€t  of  the  abolition  of  their  con^ 
federacy  to  be  regiftercd  \n  the  Grod  of 
Warfew. 

Warfawy  March  16.  There  is  advice  by 
ieveral  letters  from  Podolia,  that  a  confede- 
racy is  forming  there,  that  a  marOi  J  is  to 
be  defied,  and  that  a  number  of  peafants 
have  been  promifsd  to  be  foppiied  with 
money  and  arms.  Thti  Lewi  hai  occasioned 
iereral  conferences  at  court.     (See  p,  119) 

Watfsw,  March  i%  The' general  rendei^ 
voas  of  tbt  near  confederacy  in  PodoHa^  it  at 
Bar,  They  have  enU(!ed  5000  men,  and  de^ 
Clare  they  k€t  for  the  defence  of  religion  aad 
liberty.  An  oflicer  hu  been  appointed  ta 
make  a  tour  into  thofe  ports,  to  obferve  the 
ftate  of  the  confederacy. 

Wat  fa w,  March  2.4.  An  expreft  is  ar- 
rived with  advicr,  tnat  the  reconfederatet  of 
Podolia  bjd  formed  a  fcheme  to  carry  otf 
the  comTiander  ot  the  troops  belonging  to 
the  Republick ;  but  the  Litter  having  been 
informed  of  it,  had  retired  into  the  fortrefs 
•fKaminieck,  which  he  was  obliged  to  do 
witk  fo  much  precipitation,  that  a!l  the  Po- 
lonefe  cooipaoics,  cuiirtfting  of  twothouftnd 
men,  were  made  prifonert.  immediately  after 
this  expedition,  the  reconfederatet  laid  fiegc, 
with  all  thAif  ftreogth,  to  the  fortreft,  the 
garri^  <^  wrhich  \%  compofed  of  only  one 
regimeiK  of  artillery,  and  a  few  fmall  de- 
tachments from  the  other  regimtntt,  with- 
out provifions  or  ammunitioo.  it  is  reported 
that  the  place  has  furreodcrrd 

The  Ruflian  army,  commanded  by  general 
Krefchetnikow,  it  on  its  march  towardt  Za- 
moHc,  which  town  it  fifteen  leaguet  from 
Bar,  the  head  quactrrt  oi  the  confederatef. 
This  army  is  to  form  a  hnc  in  the  Palatinate 
of  Cracavia,  to  obferve  the  motions  of  the 
Podolua  Contcderarcs,  and  to  prevent  the 
nrighhourin^  P^Uiiaek  Irom  catering  into  an 
aiTociaiion. 

Vienna  March  9.  Inocohtion  hit  at 
laft  prevailed  here.  A  young  Eogtiih  Oudent 
in  phyHf,  of  the  name  of  Hjulfton,  who 
came  here  to  attend  the  famous  De  Hvn*!' 
lefiuic!,  has  '^iTociaccd  himfeli"  wvih  a  pby- 
fician  of  th's  pbre  ;  an<^  with  the  leave,  and 
undei  the  proref>ion  of  B:ron  Vin  Sw;eten, 
they  have  inoculated  foar  children  in  the 
hofpital,  ore  if  whom  is  alr«<idy  petfeAly 
recovered  j  and  ir  it  noa  ocb^c-d  hot  that 
this  pr:.6tice  vsiil   be  genera')^  a<lo]*ted,  and 

at;  ended. 
Lady  Macletb, 


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FOREIGN    AFFAIRS,        April 


^3* 

•ttendcd  with  Um  Ujnt  fuccefi  hef^»  si-itiMi 
been  in  other  pkcctk 

VieBnat  April  6.  The  Pope*!  Noncio 
nade  hii  entry  laft  Monday,  artd  had  hit 
audiences  yefterdajr,  that,  he  might  be  in 
public  in  order  to  be  able  to  perfotm  the  mar« 
ttage  ceremony  <o»0Mrrow.<  The  archdulu 
Ferdinand  will  be  the  king  of  Naplei  proxy. 
The  Queen  of  Naples  will  fet  ont  a  few  hours 
after. 

YeAerday  the  Neapolitan  atnbafl«d*r  went 
to  court  with  a  grett  letinaei  and  had  an 
nudif  Ace  of  their  Imperial  miijeftiet  to  dt* 
nand  her  royal  highncfs :  after  which  Ae 
«ras  betrothed  with  the  ufual  ceremonies* 
This  day  her  royal  highnefs  figned  and  fwortf 
!•  the  a£k  of  renunciation  of  all  pretenfioiii 
toallodialsy  Sec*  and  eveiy  claim  whatever, 
in  the  form  that  has  always  been  pra^tified 
on  shefe  occafions. 

Rome,  March  it.  We  have  advicefrom 
Milan*  that  cardinal  Crcvetli  died  there  on 
the  29th  ult.  after  three  days  ilinefs,  in  hit 
^oth  year«  He  was  born  at  Cremona  in 
9698,  an^  was  raifed  to  the  purple  in  1759^ 
Ten  hats  are  now  vacant. 

Naples*  Feb.  1 . .  The  eff«i£b  of  the  ex- 
pelled Jefuits  are  not  thrown  into  the  royal 
trcafury,  but  are  to  be  «»t^"<*^^  in  charitable 
ttfes,  under  the  Icing's  infpcf^ion,  who  hal 
appoinicd  an  adminiftrator,  with  a  falary  of 
101  Ducats  per  month,  out  of  which  the  in* 
ferier  officers  under  him  are  to  be  paid,  (See 
fk  i6g.) 

Naples,  March  8.  The  governmeht  hat 
ifTued  an  order,  that  no  'book,  written  by  a 
Tefuit,  ifaall  be  fold  or  kept  in  any  bookfel- 
iert  (hops.  No  books  are  exempted,  not  even 
thofe  which  relate  to  themathematia. 

Florencci  March  1 »  Some  letters  ioforfii 
nsi  that  at  the  requeft  of  the  king  of  the 
Two  Sicilies,  the  Jefnitt  eftabliflied  in  the 
idaod  of  Malta  have  been  all  arreiled  in  one 
and  the  fame  nighty  by  order  of  the  grand 
mailer,  and  conduced  on  board  fome  ihips> 
to  be  tranfported  to  the  ecclefiaftical  ftate. 

Venice,  March  3c.  We  have  juft  received 
advice  from  Rome,  that  iSco  Neapol.tan. 
troops  have  taken  pofleffion  of  Benevento, 
which  place,  though  fituate  in  the  kingdom 
•f  Naples,  belongs  to  the  Pope,  and  there* 
lore  this  proceoJing  of  the  king  of  Naples 
•ccafions  variooa  conje<£lures. 

Madrid,  March  16.  We  have  received 
advice  from  Majorca,  that  in  Jitnuiry  laft  a 
teport  prevailed  in  that  ifland,  that  a  flattie 


•f  the  Half  Tlrgio*  which  iUndl  over  th« 
door  oijoa/%  of  the  houica  froia  which  tka 

ifefuitt  #ete.ekpclled^  had  baen  «bfefacd  to 
oin  both  her  hands  together,  the^  to  e]Ueo4 
tham  again,  and  afttrw«ds  croft  then  «vtf 
the  bfeafl^;  which  they  pretended  to  iatea*' 
pret  as  manifcft  flgns  of  grief,  on  aacoant  oC 
the  etpulfion  of  the  Jefuits.  This  report 
gained  credit  among  the  populace  to  thatde-^ 
free,  th^t  \^  afietthjed'  togotheri  and  broln 
out  in  imprecationa  againft  the  authors  of 
the  profcription  of  that  focicty.  The  to« 
vernor  and  the  IMOip  made  aih  of  every 
pofltble  means  to  calm  the  ttimuli.  which  at 
lengrh  they  ^aflbfted  hf  etpofidg  tfaa  lUtne  ot 
the  Virgin  to  the  people,  UtA  aonnactnf 
them  that  it  wai  only  ftone*  and  eonfeqimitlf 
incapable  of  tnotion.  However,  fkvaial  per* 
Ions  were  ienc  to  prif^n  on  accnant  of  tha 
riots  and  the  gdvemor immediciily  ftnta 
particular  actonnt  of  it  to  court. 

Paria,  April  4.'  I>aft  Thurflay  Aigbt^ 
about  devan  o'elotk,  a  fire  biwlte  ovt  at  a 
tiunoery  in  the  Rue  des  Pofias. .  Seva*  yming 
lidiet  were  in  bed  in  the  chamber  where  the 
flames  (htk  appeared,  which  ware  fc  ra^id 
that  only  two  of  iha  ladies  ctfuld  be  got  out, 
and  tbc^  nMich  har^  the  ttft  peiiflktt  tt  Ui* 
fire. 

Paris,  April  8i  It  is  aflurad,  thit  the  arn^ 
bafladors  frdm  Francey  Spatn»  andNaplea.  «f 
Rome,  have  received  ofdeca  to  join  in  de' 
manding  df  the  Pope  to  withdraw  hts  brief 
conceniing  the  dtitchy  of  Parma,  and  Jike- 
wife  a  fatisfaOion'for  this  infult  j  «Ad  tr  ia 
prefumed  that  liis  HoUnefo  is  diipofed  to 
Come  to  an  aecommodarion*    (See  p.  1^9  ) 

Brofl*els,  March  lai.  Saturday  there  vias  a 
number  of  idle  riotous  people  ai&mbkd  them. 
lolves  together,  and  by  force  carried  awa^ 
every  thing  that  was  brought  into  ihe  public 
markdts,  deciaiiftg  that  they  lAooid  tatber  be 
hanged  than  ftarved;  but  upon  the  Aiardi 
being  called;  and  a  gallowt  imadejialdlf 
ereaed  upon  theOreat  Place,  they  fb6ii  \dil^ 
perfed  {  every  thing  is  now  in  parfaft  ^«iat* 
nefs  $  and  the  government  is  taking  avert 
precaution  to  pxeient  the  like  diftni^ante  foe 
the  ftftute. 

Hague,  March  16.  Hit  ferene^sfghneft  the 
prince  of  Weilbotlrg  and  hiff  diiUreA  mt 
pcrfedly  recovered  of  the  froall-pox,  iMider 
the  care  of  the  EnglKh  inoculators,  mho  bave 
bee  n  called  to  Rotterdam  by  fevcrAl  of  tbf 
principal  inhabitants. 


tS^  ^be  plate  of  the  Communications  between  tbejthree  bri^ges^  nevroad^  ffx* 
muft  be  deferred  to  our  nhci,  tbrougb  tbe  ilUefi  of  the  engraver, 

Tbe  Marriages  emd  Births,  Deaths,  Promotions  Civil  and  MiBtasy^  Bdtikrnffff 
Bills  of  Mortedity,  &c,  for  Marcb  and  Aprils  in  our  next,  bifng  now  ommed 
fbr  want  of  room. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


The  London  Magazine. 


Or,   gentleman's  Monthly  Lntellhencer  - 

; -^ ^ 

For     MAY,     1768. 


A  Complete  Lift  of  the  Commons  of 
Great  Britain,  ele<i:^cd  to  the  prefent, 
or   13th  Parliament 
Further  Thoughts  on  Capital  Puniih- 
ments  Z35 

HiftoryofSirWiIbrahamWeQWorth236 
Cafe  of  Capt.  Porteous  238 

Commodore  Byron's  Narrative  239 
State  of  the  Controverfy  with  the  Au- 
thor of  The  Appeal,  &c.  341—243- 
Caufes  of,  and  Remedy  for,  the  great 
Mortality  among  Infants  243—245 
Anfwer  to  Mifo-Bafkanos  245  —  247 
Myftery  unfriendly  to  Religion  248 
Thoughts  on  Rom.  vi.  5.  249 

Excellent  Letter  from  a  Nobleman  to 
his  Son  450—252 

A  very  falutary  Hint  253 

Remark  on  the  Danger  of  Corfica  254 
Obfervations  on  modern  Travelling  255 
Excellent   Reflections  on    the   prefeut 
Diforders/.&c.  257 

Parliamentary  Proceedings  in  Ireland 

258 


Mr.  Hamilton's  fine  Park  defcribed  259 
Wanftead  Houfe  delcribed  261 

Hunting  of  French  King.  %(>% 

A  French  Court  Entertainment      263 
Poetical  Essays  264 — 267 

Uncommon  Cure  of  a  Cancer        267 
A  Line  to  Mr.  M.  M.  ibid. 

Death  of  a  Traitor  to  his  Country  269 
InrtruClions  to  Reprefentives  to   ferve 
in  Parliament,  ekdked  in  the  Year 
1768  269—274 

Impartial   Account   of  New  Publica- 


tions 
Wilkes's  Introdu6lion 
Manners,  &c.  of  the  Turks 
The  MonthlvChronologrr 
Marriages  and  Birth?  j  Dt;aths 
EcclefialHcal  Preferments 
Promotione  civil  and  military 
B-nkr-pts;  courfe  of  Exchange 
Monthly  Bill  of  Mortality 
Foreign  Affairs 
Stocks,  Grain  j    VViJid   and 


a73 

276 
277 
280 

ibid. 

ibid. 

ibid, 

ibid. 

ibid. 
Weather 
234 


WITH 


A     FINE     PORTRAIT     OF     PASCAL      FAOLI, 
General  of  the  Corsicans, 

As  defcribed  by  Mr.   Bos  well,  and  approved,  as  a  ftriking  Likenefs,  by 
that  Gentleman.     Engraved  by  Miller. 

Alfo  a  View  of  the  Royal  Palace   of  Strelitz. 

LONDON:   Printed  for  R.  Baldwin,  at  No.  47,  in  Pater- nofter  Row  j 

Of  whom  may  be  had,  comple;it  Scrs,  from  the  Year  1732,  to  this  Time,  neatly  bound  or 

ditched,  or  any  lingle  Month  to  complete  Sets. 


-  Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


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THE 


London   Magazine, 

For     M  A  Y,        1768. 


{^  Tbe  CURATE,  I.  B.  nvbo  tvrote  the  account  of  bis  bard/b'jps^  inferted  in  our 
Mag,  for  1767,  p.  601,  is  once  more  requefled  to  call  upon,  or  nuriie  to,  Mr* 
Baldwin,  nvho  can  inform  him  of  fomtiuhat  that  *wiil  aiii«viate  bisft^erings* 


To  tbe  AUTHOR  of  tbe  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR,  May  16,  1768. 

fn^  JMf^OU   have  repeatedly 

W      y^       W  obliged  me  by  giving 
"S^*-       tt^        a  place  in  your  very 
Jn  Y    nj       valuable  collection  to 
}lft  fe^       what  I  have  fent  you 

JT  yl^^  "»^  from  time  to  time  on 
U  W  W    S^  '^^  important  fubjeft 

M^Jk  ^k^Jk  ^\i  capital punijhments. 

In  my  laft  (pubJiihed,  Nov.  1767)  I 
took  occafion  to  mention  with  pleafure 
the  reprieve  of  no  lefs  than^;r  criminal?, 
being  all  that  were  tried  and  condemned 
for  divers  thefit  and  robberies  at  the 
ItDi-aflizcs  held  that  year  for  the  county 
where  I  live.  And  I  hoped  I  Oiould 
bive  bcetr  able  to  fay,  that  no  it- fs  than 
ei^t  convicted  at  the  fame  affize  thi< 
\eir,  and  condemned  10  dye,  were  per- 
mitted to  live  :  but  was  difappointed. 
This  indeed  was  the  c^fc  of/i;^  of  them. 
The  other  three,  (young  men  and  foU 
<fiers,  their  different  ages  about  19,  20, 
3Bd  27)  were  executed  the  2d  inftant 
for  a  rape  (after  a  repeated  refpite)  near 
the  place  where  the  fa6t  was  committed. 
I  (hall  wave  the  mention  of  fe\eral 
things  which  have  been  fuggeftcd  by 
*ay  of  alleviation,  and  urged  in  their 
behalf;  aitd  conilder  the  crime  of 
which  they  were  found  guilty,  as  very 
atrocious,  and  deferving  ^fe^ere punijb- 
Kent.  But  at  (1^  fame  time  hope  I 
may  be  allowed  to  aflc  ■  could  no 

ji^i&imtntfufflcicnt/yfrvere  be  thonglit 
of,  and  their  lives  ipared  ?  In  the  reign 
cf  James  the  fecond,  Mr.  TutchJn  who 
^fted  the  Duke  of  Monmouth,  was 
fcQtenced  to  remain  in  prifon  feven 
y«arf,  and  ofice  every  year  to  be  whip- 
H  through  all  t|ie  towns  in  Dorfetfhire, 
^'ttti  would  littve  amounted  to  a 
'l^f,  176s. 


whipping  about  once  a  fortnight.  Mr. 
Tutchin  petitions  the  king  to  grant 
him  the  favour  to  be  haAged  with  the 
reft  of  his  fellow  prifonert.  Perhaps 
thofe  who  were  moft  defirons  of  thtf 
death  of  thcfe  young  men  might  have 
been  fati^fied  if  a  fomewhat  iimilar  (left 
^i'orous)  fentence  had  been  pronounced 
upon  them.  Might  they  not  have  been 
doomed  to  receive  a  certain  number  of 
la  flies  at  fixed  times,  confident  with  th« 
pre lervation  of  life  ;  and  fome  vifible, 
durable  mark  fet  upon  them  to  perpetuate 
their  infamy,  and  prevent  their  defertion, 
whether  obliged  to  work  on  the  roads,  or 
continued  as  foldiers,  in  the  fervice  of 
their  country  ?  Might  not  fomething  of 
this  kind  have  been  thought  Jitfficient 
without  taking  away  their  lives  ?  Could 
no  punifhment  upon  eartb  have  been 
dcvifed  terrible  enough  ?  no  proper  cor^ 
redi^n  without  utter  diftruSiion,  nor  any 
beter  methovl  of  making  them  examples 
to  tbe  ixjorld  than  fending  them  out  ofitP 
Had  ihey  been  continued  in  it,  who 
knoWs  but  that  their  appearing  peni* 
tence  and  their  fubfequent  good  con- 
du6l  might  have  induced  their  fuperiors 
to  mitigate  the  fentence?  The  worthy 
clergyman  who  often  vifited  them,  dif- 
courfed  and  prayed  with  them,  and  ad- 
min iftered  the  fftcrament  to  them,  de- 
clared the  fatisfa6lion  he  had  in  ob- 
ferving  the  propriety  of  their  behaviour 
under  their  unhappy  circumft?nccs  j  the 
fenfc  they  Teemed  to  have  of  their  guilif* 
.-•—  their  ex prefTions  of  penitential  forrow, 
&c.r— Accordingly  it  is  faid  they  de- 
Kvcred  to  the  fherlif  at  the  place  of 
Execution  an  addrcfs  (finned  by  all) 
to  their  fellow  foldiers  intimating  theiit 
grief — felf  indignation — the  aiteratioa 
of  their  fentiments  and  views  of  things— i 
grring  them  good  advicc  aiKi  intreacingf 
G  g  %  them 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


236 


History   of 


May 


them  to  regard  the  wordt  of  dying  men 
-—to  repent,  &c.— that   they  may   not 
be  undone  for  ever.     Thus  they  took 
their  leave  of  the   world.     And   now 
may  it  not  be  faid, — if  they  might  have 
lived*  might  they  not  have  livodto  fome 
good  purpofe  ?  Though  (Ipcere  repen- 
tance and  future  amendment  cannot  be 
certainly  inferred  from  fuch  impreflions 
in  the  near  views  of  death  and  eternity ; 
yet  one  may  venture  to  fay,   it   doth 
not  feem  probable  that  they  would  ever 
have  repeated  the  offence,    if  they  had 
been  fpared,  or  that  their  future  vitious 
conduft  would   have  proved  them  un- 
worthy of  the  mercy  (hown  them.     Is 
there  no  reafon  thert  to  wiih  they  had 
^livcd  ?  lived  to  fuffcr  the  puniftiment  of 
their  iniquity  5—// vf</  to  be  permanent 
examples  and  monuments  of  jullicc;  and 
to  b^  a  warning  to  others  x^^i^ed  to 
give  proofs  of  the  (incerity  of  their  re* 
pent!ince ;    lived  to  make  all  the  fatis- 
fa^lion  in  their  power  for  the  injury  donej 
^~4ived  to  be  ufeful  members  of  the- 
community  and  to  make  greatful  ac- 
knowledgements and  returns  for  the  fa- 
vor granted  them  ?— But  they  are  dead 
and  gone,  and  will  be  foon  forgotten, 
r— much  fooner  than  if  they  had  Uved 
to  undergo  fuch  a  puniftiment  as,    by 
repetition  and  duration,  evidently  tends 
to  renew  and  fix  thofe  impreflions,  (at- 
tended  with    fuitable    rclblutions    and 
felf-reftraints)  whereby    the  chief  end 
oF  punilhments  is  anfwered.     Doth  cool, 
Tiuprejudiced    reafon  tell  us  that  thefe 
three  young  men  were  by  no  means  fit 
to  live  \  that  the  injury  done  would  ad- 
mit of  no  other  reparation  than  their 
perdition  \  that  it  was  abfolutcly  neceflf^ry 
they  ftiould  be  cut  off,  all  cut  off  in  the 
prime  of  life,    lift  which  they  had  de- 
voted to  the  fervice  of  the  publick,  and 
had  refolved  to  venture  (when  called  to 
it)  in  defence  of  the  rights  and  liber- 
lu%  of  their  coiintiy  ?— — The  generality 
of  your  readifrSy  Sir^    I  hoj^,    will  not 
anfx^'er  this  in  the  afHrmative. 


I  beg  leave  humbly  to  a(k  one  quef- 
tion  more.     Though   it  was  a  heinous 
crime  for   which   they  fuffered,    yet  is 
there  no  crime  to  be   mentioned  equally 
fo,    which    paffes    unpuniflied  ?     ^bey^ 
heated  with  liquor,    through   a  fudden, 
violent  guft  of  unbridled   luft,  forced 
a   woman./— Are     there     none     (even 
of  thofe    called  gentlemen)  who,    not 
by  the   fame  fort    of  force,    hut    with 
diabolical  difliinuiation  and  cruelty,  de^ 
liberately  contrive  and    accomplish   the 
ruin  ot  the  innocent  and  unwary,   de- 
ducing and  drawing  them  to  ■  by 
promifes  of  marriage  ;    and  when   they 
have   gained    their     point,    inhumanly 
abandoning  them  with  their  ofFTpring  | 
leaving  them  to  mourn  and  langitifti  un- 
der   the    bitter  reflexion  on   their  too 
eafy  credulity  and  confidence  in  the  per- 
fidious wietch  who  has  deprived  them  of 
their    virtue    and    honour,    the  favour 
and    affection    of    parents   and    friends 
and  perh.ips  the  means  of  fubfiftence  ? 
Are  there  no  inftances  of  this  ?    None 
who,    thus   given   up  to  contempt,    to 
poverty,  to  complicated  miferies  in  life, 
have  been  prompted  to  wifti  for  death 
a«  their  laft  relief  ?  And  are  not   thofe 
who  are  chargeable    with    fuch   black 
guilt  jultly  deierving  as  fevece  a  punifti- 
ment as  the  thiee  young  men  lately  exe- 
cuted ?    And  yet  they  continue  their  li- 
centious practices  with  impunity,  wiping 
their  mouth  as  if  (hey  had  done   no  ini- 
quity.    I  might  on   this  occafion  men- 
tion the  liberties  lately  taken  by  a  cer- 
tain L— d  as  meriting  no  milder  a  fate 
than    the    young   men    aforefaid— but 
perhaps  I  have  faid  too  much  already  s 
Though  I  hope,   nothing  that  can  be 
deemed  juflly  offenfive  ;  and  that,  there « 
iWe  you  will  pjeafc  to   infcrt  this    in 
your  next,  and  thus  add  to  the  obliga- 
tions   which   are   thankfully    acknov7<» 
iedged  by.     Sir, 

Your  humble  fervant, 

Phjlaiituropos« 


'JUSTICE  ««^  GENEROSITYj  Or,  the  remofkable  Hifloryo/ Sir  Wii.^ 

BRAHAM  WBHTWORTH. 


THERE  is  a  particular  injuftice 
amongft  mankind  which,  though 
glaring,  has  hitherto  been  unnoticed, 
and  which  fo  far  ft;om  being  cenfured  is 
pe_ver  thought  culpable  in  the  pra^ifers 
iP— This,  injuflicc  .is  the  cuHom  whicU 


people  have  of  polTrfllng  property  with- 
out fcruple,  which  their  ancei^ors  have 
acquired  by  diftioneftyj  a  man  will  rea- 
dily acknowledge  that  hi«  father's  wealtH 
rcfulted  from  the  opprefllon  of  the  un«^ 
fot;unate^  but  he  will  not  refund  ^  fm- 

•■-.,:      ■ ..  g^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^8.         Sir  Wilbraham   Wentworth 


gle  (hilling  to  the  lawful  owners  when 
It  defcends  into  his  own  hands ;  on 
the  contrat7,  though  he  is  convinced  it 
is  in  eq«iity  the  aftual  right  of  another, 
he  thinks  he  may  retain  it  without  the 
leaft  (hadow  of  reproach,  and  the  world 
is  foextreme!y4)oliie  that  while  it  perhaps 
execrates  the^nemory  of  the  fir  ft  fpoiler, 
it  compliraenrs  the  latter  with  the 
reputation  of  unqueftionable  probity— 
to  elucidate  this  pofition  clearly  and  to 
let  my  readers  fee  in  what  manner  peo- 
ple ihould  z&,  when  they  are  made  the 
heirs  of  ill  gotten  fortunes  (hall  be  the 
bttfinefs  of  the  following  little  narrative. 
Sir  John  Wentworth  was  a  younger 
brother  of  family,  who  by  the  death  of 
an  uncle  in  Oxfordfhire  became  poiTeffed 
of  a  title,  but  of  nothing  elfe ;  the  baro- 
Bet,  whom  he  fucceeded  in  honour  had  it 
in  his  power  to  bequeath  every  foot  of  his 
eftate,  as  he  thought  proper,  and  as  he 
never  entertained  any  cordial  afFe6lion 
for  Sir  John,  he  left  it  to  a  more  diftant 
relation.  This  was  rather  an  unfortu- 
nate circumftance  for  Sir  John,  whole 
finances  were  not  in  a  very  flouriftiing 
fituation—— however  as  his  perfon  was 
handfome,  his  addrefs  elegant,  and  his 
education  finished,  he  did  not  quite  de- 
(pair  of  obtaining  a  fortune  fomewhat 
fuitable  to  his  rank—— Nor  was  our  ba- 
ronet*s  expftations  altogether  without 
reafon— to  the  qualities  we  have  al- 
ready defcribed  Sir  John,  added  a  deep 
diflimulation,  and  a  fafcinating  plaufa- 
bility— he  knew  mankind  well,  and 
was  inclined  upon  every  occafion  to  pro* 
fit  by  the  weaknefs  orgenerofity  ot  his 
acquaintance,  nor  was  an  oppportunity 
long  wanting  to  gratify  his  avarice— a 
young  widow  who  had  been  left  ii^  the 
pofT^fllon  of  a  large  eftate  by  the  laft 
wijl  of  a,  doating  hu(band,  faw  Sir 
John  by  accident  at  Bath,  liked,  and 
marn'ed  him ;  as  love  is  feldom  accom- 
panied by  prudence,  (he  would  by  no 
means  lock  up  her  fortune  from  the 
man  (he  had  honoured  with  her  perfon.— 
*Tis  true  (he  had  a  daughter  by  her  for- 
mer huiband;  but  what  of  that?  She  was 
inIovewithherprerent,-<-and  wegenerally 
believe  thofe  people  are  really  worthy  of 
our  regard',  wh«m  we  eagerly  wi(h  to  de- 
ferve  itt— Befides  this,  Mifs  Milmour 
her  daughter  had  ten  thoufand  pounds 
fettled  on  her  by  her  father's  will,  which 
Lady  Wentworth  thought  a  very  hand* 
ibme  provifion  ^  and  it  was  Co  in  re^dity, 
ii  her  mother  haduoi  been  her  guardian^ 


237 

and  this  guardian*s  fate  entirely  at  the 
difpofal  of  Sir  John.  It  is  unnece(rary 
to  dwell  minutely  upon  particulars;-* 
our  baronet  had  married  totally  from 
intereftcd  motives,  and  as  we  have  alrea- 
dy obferved  he  was  not  the  moftconfcien- 
ttous  of  mankind,— he  was  not  there- 
fore united  two  years  to  his  lady  till  he 
got  po(re(non  of  MifsMllmour's  fortune, 
and  in  lefs  than  two  years  after  both  the 
mother  and  the  daughter  were  negli- 
gently left  at  a  miferably  old  feat  above 
two  hundred  miles  from  the  capital,  where 
Lady  Wentworth  after  undergoing  every 
fpecies  of  mortification,  and  knowing 
that  the  man  whom  (he  loved  to  diftrac- 
tionpublickly  cohabited  with  another  wo- 
man, died  of  a  broken  heart;  leaving 
Mifs  Milmour  wholly  dependant  on  the 
generofity  of  a  wretch  whom  (he  hcrfelf 
had  found  to  be  utterly  divefted  not  on- 
ly of  fentiment,  but  (hame,  and  not 
only  of  gratitude  but  of  honefty. 

Mifs  Milmour*s  relations  in  this  exi- 
gence took  the  young  lady  home,  and 
having  in  vain  applied  to  Sir  John  for 
her  fortune,  endeavoured  to  recover  it 
by  lawj  but  unhappily  juftice  is  not  al- 
ways fuccefsful  5  the  glorious  uncer- 
tainty of  the  courts  fatigued  them  for 
many  years,  and  in  the  end  totally  de- 
ceived their  expe^ations.  This  greatly 
cooled  theaflPe^ions  of  the  young  lady*s 
friends,  whofe  regard  had  for  fome  time 
been  gradually  declining,  from  the  un- 
promifing  appearance  of  affairs,  and  (he 
was  at  laii  induced  frotfi  motives  of 
prudence  as  well  as  tendemefs,  to  throw 
herfelf  into  the  arms  of  a  worthy  young 
fellow  who  had  a  company  in  a  march* 
ing  regiment,  and  to  whom  (he  was 
rendered  additionally  dear,  by  the  melan- 
choly turn  in  her  circumftances. 

All  this  time  it  muft  be  confe(red  the 
world  made  very  free  with  Sir  John 
Wentworth*s  charaAer;  they  exclaimed 
at  his  inhumanity  in  the  very  moment 
they  acknowledged  his  politcnefs,  and 
though  the  law  had  pronounced  in  his  fa- 
vour, the  decifion  by  no  means  removed 
the  reflections  which  were  eternally 
thrown  upon  his  chara6ter.— But  though 
his  name  was  frequently  mentioned  with 
abhorrence,  his  company  was  never 
avoided  ;  and  thofe  who  acknowledged 
the  cruelty  of  his  difpofitton,  were  the 
firft  to  give  him  invitations,  and  though 
they  could  fay  nothing  in  favour  of  his 
principles,  they  were  always. ready  to 
declare  that  he  was  infinitely  agreeable: 

death 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC         ^     "* 


238 


Cafe  of  Captain  Portcous. 


May 


death»  however,  did  not  treat  him  fo 
politely  as  th«  world  did  ;  it  took  him 
away  in  the  midlt  of  all  his  illgotten 
wealthy  witliout  a  moment  of  previous 
intimation,  and  an  apoplexy  fnatched 
away  at  a  fplendid  aflembly  as  very  a 
wretch  as  ever  was  a  difgrace  to  huma- 
nity.—- 

Sir  John  was  Succeeded  by  a  Ton,  who 
though  untainted  with  his  crimes,  waa 
not  what  a  good  man  fhould  reverence 
as  an  amiable  charafHr.    He  knew  his 
father  had  robbed,  (for  juftice  autho- 
rizes no  elegant  palliation  of  terms)  the 
poor  Mill  Milmour,  now  Mrs.  Orms« 
by  of  her  whole  fortune,  and  was  fenii- 
ble,  that  this  very  Mrs.   Oimsby  with 
her  hufband   and  an   infant  daughter, 
were     labouring     under    the    greateft 
diltrcfTes;  yet  fo   far  was  he  from   re- 
iloring  what  (he  had  been  plundered  of, 
that  he  thought  it  extremely  generous 
to  fend  them  an  occa/ional  five  guineas 
for  temporary  relief.— Nay,   the  world 
thought  it  extremely  generous  aUb,  and' 
Sir  Charles  was  every  where  mentioned 
in  confequence  of  this  conduct  z%  a  man 
ofj.the  greateft  benevolence.— His  Ion 
W^lbraham  however,  the  hero  of  this 
little   ftory,    had   fcarcely    reached   his 
twelfth  year  when   he  felt  much  com- 
paflion    for    Mrs.  Ormsby;   he  would 
teize  his  papa  to  fend  the  unhappy  fa- 
mily fomething,  frequently   added  his 
pocket  money  to  the  prcfent,  but  un- 
-known,  when  he  knew  the  fervant  was 
fent  to  their  houfe.— Yet  notwithftand- 
ing  this  foiicrtude  in  their  favour,  \t 
bad  never  foen  them  ;— his  only  fpring 
of  afkion  was  the  natural  reAitude  of 
his  heart,  and  he  would  often  wifh  Sir 
Charles  would  place  them  in  fome  com- 
fortable  independency.*— As    he    grew 
older,  he  felt  more  ftrongly  for  them, 
and  fecretly  blufhed  at  the  cruelty  of  \m 
grandfarher  $-— but  his  iludles,  and   the 
touf  of  Europe^  in  feme  neafure  diverted 
hi€  attention  from  their  neceflities  \  and 
as  his  allowance  from  rather  a  fevere  and 
parfimonioua  father  was  pitifully  (lender, 
he  could  only  fecretly  grieve  at  the  la- 
mentdble  flateof  their  circumftances.— • 
Befides  this,  a  eircumflance  happened 
while  he  was  in  Italy,  which  principally 
engro(&d  his  heart.— In  Sienna  he  had 
the  misfortune  of  wounding  a  gentleman 
dangeroufly  who  grofly  infulted    him," 
and    thought  it  neceflary  to  fly  to    a 
neighbouring  fbtte  as    faf(  as  pofilble, 
and  to  avoid  the  rtfentment  of  tbegentle- 

•  Ceetbe  ivbole  trial  inLgttd,  Mag,  1736 


man*s  numerous  relations  who  loudly 
threatened  'to  revenge  their  friend,  be 
changed  his  name,  and  lived  for  ibme 
time  very  privately.— Notwithftanding 
this  cautioufnefs  of  Ci>ndu<5l,  an  £ng- 
li(h  family,  then  reiident  at  the  place 
of  his  retreat,  quickly  difcovered  that 
they  had  a  countryman  in  town,  and 
jrave  him  an  invitanon  lb  gdodnaturedly 
importunate,  that  he  embraced  it  witii 
a  double  degree  of  fatisfa^ion,  becaufe 
it  rendered  his  fafety  more  ftcure,  and 
furnifhed  him  with  an  opportunity  of 
fpending  many  an  hour  very  agreeably^ 
which  at  this  time  hung  uncommonly 
heavy  upon  his  hands.— 

[T'o  bfi  cOHcludid  in  OM,r  next,  ] 

Caff  of  Captain  Porteous. 

ON  Wedncfday  April  14,  1736, 
one  Andrew  Willbn,  condemned 
for  the  robbery  of  a  collector  of  the 
oulloms  was  executed  at  .  Edinburgh^ 
attended  by  a  nun:<rraus  gu^rd,  to  pre- 
vent a  reiVue,  which  was  apprehended^ 
but  tho^  nothing  of  that  kind  was  at- 
tempted, Captain  John  Porteous,  the 
commander  of  the  city  guard,  on  a 
parcel  of  boys  tlirowing  (lones  at  the 
executioner  a^  he  was  cutting  him  down, 
and  as  U  ufnal  at  executions,  fiied 
among  the  people,  ;)nd  his  guard  follow^ 
ed  his  example,  by  which  about  twenty 
perfonsweiTunhappily  killed  orwounded. 
The  captainttndbt;iei*s,  gUilty  of  this  rafh 
and  barbarous  adion,  were  thereupon 
committed  to  prifon,  as  they  had  not 
the  leaft  order  from  the  mugiftiatcs  to 
fire,  who  were  themlclves  in  danger 
of  being  killed,  a  ball  having  grazed  on 
the  fide  of  the  window,  up  (lans,  where 
they  flood.  For  this  tla^  he  was  tried, 
found  guilty  of  wilful  murder,  and  fen- 
tenced  to  death  *.  Oc  Aug.  a 6,  upon 
his  petition  f  to  the  late  queen  Caro- 
line, then  regent,  he  was  reprieved  for 
fix  weeks.  This  reprieve  arrived  at 
Edinburgh,  on  Sept.  2,  and  the  exe* 
cution  was  to  have  been  on  the  8th, 
which  being  bruited  abroad  amongll  the 
populace,  occafioned  a  moft  tragtctii 
catafl^rophe ;  for,  on  the  7th,  a  wclU 
conduflcd  party  of  men,  or  mob,  en- 
tered, about  ten  at  night,  the  city  of 
Edinburgh,  and  {titcd  all  the  £re-arint 
&c.  belonging  to  the  city  guard,  by 
furprize,  locked  the  city  gate$,  beat  an 
iflarm,  burnt  the  door  of  the  prifon 
where  Porteous  was  coiifined  after  en» 
deavouring  in    vain   to  force   it  open, 

dragged 
,p.  498—508.   t  Ste  diitot  p,  508  ^ftq. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Commodore  Byron's  NarratircJ 


1768. 

dragged  him  frofn  his  apartment,  and 
hanged  him  upon   a  fign  poft  near  the 
grais- market.    After  the  execution  was 
over,  they  left  the  arms  and  drums  up- 
on the  place,  where  the  next  morning, 
they  were  found.     During  the  tumult, 
parties  of  armed  men,  with  drums,  patrol - 
ed  in  the  diflfcrent  ftreets,  to  prevent  any 
forprize  from  the  king's  forces,  quartered 
in  the  fuburbs.  The  magiftratcs  attempt- 
ing   to   fupprefs  the   mob,  were  pelted 
with   ftonef,    and    threatened  with   fire 
arms,    if  they    did   not    retire.      The 
boldnefs,  fecrccy,  and  fuccel's  of  this  en- 
terprize,  made  it  generally  believed  that 
pcrfons   above  the   vulgar  rank  had  a 
hand  in  it  j  and  the  rather,  as  the  keep- 
er  declared  they  were    pcrfons  in  good 
dreft,  who   took   the  prifoner  out,  tho' 
difgutled  with  leather  aprons,  &c.     For 
this  tumultuous  proceeding,  however,  the 
cenfurc  of  parliament   ♦  fell  upon  the 
city  and    Lord  Pro voft  of  Edinburgh; 
loool.  fine  was  laid  upon    the  former, 
and  the  latter,  Alexander  Wilfon,  Efq; 
was    incapacitatfd   from    holding    any 
office  of  raagiftracy,  at  Edinburgh,  or 
ellewhcre  in  "Great   Britain.     Rewards 
wfre  appointed  for  the  difcovery  of  any 
of  the  pcrfons  concerned  in  the  murder 
of  PorteouJ,    and    for   punifhing  thofe 
who   fhonld  krowifigly   conceal  them: 
However,  we  do  not  remember  any  one 
was  ever  difcovered  or  apprehended  for 
thefaa. 

ExtraBfrom  the  Narrative  jufl  pubUJbed 
ty  the  honourable  Commodore  Byron. 

IF  many  of  thofe  difTiiisfied  beings, 
who  are  continually  repining  under 
the  diipenfations  of  Providence,  even 
while  they  pofTclV  the  molt  comfoi table 
ncccffaries  of  life,  would  take  the  trou- 
ble of  perufing  this  very  aflFcfling  and 
fenfible  narrative,  they  would  find  the 
lot  of  others,  who  are  no  lefs  entitled 
to  the  peculiar  care  of  the  Deity  than 
thcmfelvcs,  infinitely  more  fevere,  and 
learn  to  view  their  fitu:;tion  with  grati- 
tude, Inftead  of  confidering  it  with  re- 
gret.— The  diftrelTes  which  Commo- 
dore Byron  has  laboured  under  with  hit 
unfortonatc  companions  are  inconceiva- 
ble—furrounded  with  death  in  a  variety 
of  its  moft  horrid  form?,  for  a  courfe  of 
many  months,  yet  ftruggling  with  for- 
titude he  has  triumphed  over  all,  and 
now  fpeak«  with  plcafure  of  a  thouland 
dangers,  each  of  which  fmgiy,  to  many 

5 


239 

a  nurmurer  in  affluence,  would  appear 
an  infurmoun table  calamity  1 

As  the  commodore*s  diftrefTes,  hovr- 
ever,  are  of  the  general  nature  with 
thofe  of  other  adventurers  on  the  fickle 
element  of  water,  and  confift  of  fhip- 
wreck,  hunger,  nakedncfs,  want  of  ha- 
bitation on  a  dreadful  coaft,  among  ra- 
vages, and  the  continual  expe^ahon  of 
death,  we  (hall  not  take  our  cxtraft  from 
this  melancholy  part  of  his  narrative, 
but  from  that  in  which  he  is  happily  re- 
flored  to  fome  glimmering  of  hope,  and 
brought  among  people  with  Tome  little 
veftiges  of  humanity,  by  a  ftragfrljng 
party  of  Indians,  who  lived  on  the 
borders  of  Spanifh  America,  and  were 
inbjeft  to  the  government  of  hii  moft 
catholic  majeily. 

Their  arrival  at  the  firft  hofpitable 
village  was  at  night— but  the  cacique, 
or  "  principal,  who  was  with  Mr. 
Byron  and  his  friends,  awaked  all  the 
inhabitants  by  the  noii'e  he  made,  and 
obliged  one  of  them  to  o^t-n  his  door 
to  u«,  and  immediately  to  make  a  large 
fire  5  for  the  weather  was  very  fetcre, 
this  being  the  month  of  June,  t!.  T/<rpt!i 
of  winter  in  this  part  of  the  world.  The 
Indians  now  flecked  thick  about  us,  and 
feemed  to  have  great  compaffion  for  us, 
as  our  cacique  related  to  them  what 
part  he  knew  of  our  hiftory.  They 
knew  not  what  countrymen  we  were,  nor 
could  our  guide  inform  them  j  for  he 
had  often  a  Iked  us  if  we  were  French, 
Dutch,  or  Englifh,  the  only  nations 
he  had  ever  heard  of  befides  Spaniards. 
We  always  anfwered  we  were  from 
Grande  Bretagne,  which  he  could  make 
nothing  ot  j  tor  we  were  afraid,  if  he 
knew  us  to  be  Englifh,  as  he  had  heard 
that  nation  was  at  war  with  the  Spani- 
ards, he  never  would  have  conducted  us 
to  Chiloc. 

Thefe  good  -  natured  comps(!i«nate 
creatures  feemed  to  vie  with  each  other 
who  (hould  take  the  moft  caie  of  us. 
They  made  a  bed  of  (beep  f kins  clofe 
to  the  fire,  for  Capt.  Cheap;  and  in- 
deed, had  it  not  b^-en  for  the  kind  af- 
fidance  he  now  met  with,  he  could  not 
have  furvivcd  thret  days  longer.  Tho* 
it  wa«  now  about  midnight,  they  went 
out  and  killed  a  fh^ep,  uf  which  they 
made  broth,  and  baked  a  large  cske 
of  barley-me;ii,  Ariy  body  may  ima- 
gine what  a  treat  this  was  to  wretch"* 
who  had  not  tafted  a  bit  of  bread,    or 

any 


SeiLofid,  Mag,  17371 /•  ai9>  *2C,  a?7i  3«0i  S^^>  7»8,  713 


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240 


Ik  dian  Ho 


any  wholefome  diet,  for  fuch  a  length  of 
time.  After  we  could  eat  no  longer^ 
we  went  to  fleep  about  the  fire,  which 
the  Indians  took  care  to  keep  up.  In 
the  morning  the  women  came  from  far 
and  near,  each  bringing  with  her  fome- 
thing.  Almoft  every  one  had  a  pipkin 
in  her  hand,  containing  either  fowls  or 
mutton  made  into  broth,  potatoes,  eggs, 
or  other  eatables.  We  fell  to  work  as 
if  we  had  eat  nothing  in  the  night,  and 
employed  ourfelves  (b  fur  the  beft  part 
of  the  day.  In  the  evening,  the  men 
filled  our  houfe,  bringing  with  them 
Tome  jars  of  a  liquor  they  called  chicha, 
made  of  barlcy-meal,  and  not  very  un- 
like our  oat^-ale  in  ta/le,  which  will  in- 
toxicate thofc  who  drink  a  fuflicient 
quantity  of  it ;  for  a  little  has  no  cfFc6t. 
As  foon  as  the  drink  was  out,  a  fre(h  lup- 
piy  of  vi6luals  was  brought  in  j  and  in  this 
manner  wc  paflfed  the  whole  time  we  re- 
mained with  thofe  hofpitable  Indians* 
They  are  a  ftrong  well  made  people,  ex 
tremelj  well  featured,  both  men  and 
women,  and  vallly  neat  in  their  perfons. 
The  mens  drefs  is  called  by  them  a  pun- 
cho,  which  is  a  fquare  piece  of  cloth, 
generally  in  ftripes  of  different  colours, 
with  a  flit  in  the  middle  of  it  wide 
enough  to  let  their  heads  through,  fo 
that  it  hangs  on  their  fhoulders,  half  of 
it  falling  before,  and  the  other  behind 
them:  Under  this  they  wear  a  fhort 
kind  of  flannel  fhlit  without  fleevcs  or 
neck.  They  have  wide  kneed  breeches, 
fomething  like  the  Dutch  feamen,  and 
on  their  legs  a  fort  of  knit  bulkins  with- 
out any  feet  to  them,  but  never  any 
fhoes.  Their  hair  is  always  combed 
very  fmooth,  and  tied  very  tight  up  in  a 
great  bunch  clofe  to  the  neck  ;  fome  wear 
a  very  neat  bat  of  their  own  making, 
and  others  go  without.  The  women 
wear  a  fhift  like  the  mens  fliirts,  without 
Heeves  ;  and  over  it  a  fquare  piece  of 
cloth,  which  they  fatten  before  with  a 
large  filver  pin,  and  a  petticoat  of  dif- 
ferent ftripes:  They  take  as  much  care 
of  their  hair  as  the  men  j  and  both 
have  always  a  kind  of  fillet  bcund  very 
tight  about  the  forehead,  and  made  faft 
behind :  In  flioit,  thefe  people  are  as 
cleanly  as  the  ieveral  favage  nations  we 
had  met  with  before  were  beaftly.  Up- 
on our  firft  coming  here,  they  had  dil- 
patched  a  mefl'enger  to  the  Spanifh  cor- 
regidore  at  Caltio,  a  town  a  conllderabic 
diftance  from  hence,  to  inform  him  of 
ouf  arrival.  At  the  end  of  three  days, 
this  man  returned  with  an  oider  to  the 


SPITALITir.'  ^^ 

chief  caciques  of  thefe  Indians  we  yk 
amongft,  to  carry  us  dirc6lly  to  accij 
place,  where  there  would  be  a  parJ 
foldicrs  to  receive  us.     Thefe  poor  J 
pie  now  feemed  to  be  under  great  i 
cern   for  us,  hearing  by  the  meffci 
the  preparations    that  were  makiii 
receive  us;  for  they  (land  in  vafl  < 
of  the  Spanifh  foldiery.    They  wen 
ry  defirous  of  knowing  what  cou^ 
men  we  were.     We  told  them    wc  J 
Englifli,  and  at  that  time  at  war 
the  Spaniards;    upon   which  they 
peared  fonder  of  us  than  ever ;    a 
verily  believe,  if  they  durft,  would 
concealed    us  amongll    theiti,    left 
fhould  come  to  any  hann.     They  ^ 
far  from  being  in  the  Spanifh  int 
that  they  detcft  the  very  name  of  a 
niard.     And,   indeed,   I  am  not  A 
fed  at  it  j  for  they  are  kept  undei 
fubjeflion,    and    i'uch    a  iaborioui 
very,   by  mere  dint  of  hard   ufagt 
punifhmcnts,  that  it  appears  to  ii 
moft  abfurd  thing  in  the  world,  th^ 
Spaniards  fhould  rely  upon  thefe  \ 
for  aflifiance  upon  any  emei^ency, 
From  thefe  kind  people  Mr.  i 
and  his  companions  were  removed 
dually  nearer  to  Lima^  and  in  fom 
ccs  treated  with  the  greateft  hofp 
by  the  Spaniards-— —One  gentlem  J 
particular,  offering  them  two  th  J 
dollars,  fix  hundred  of  which  t^ 
cepted,   though  he  never  had   thi 
expe^ation  of  being  repaid.    A  i 
phyfician  likewife,    who  had  mai 
lady  of  fortune  in  that  part  of  the  ^ 
kept  them  with  the  greateft  gen 
at  his  houfe  for  two  year*,  and  a 
mon  Spanifli  foldier,  who  had  awj 
fix  children,  faved  half  his  pay  t 
port  Mr.  Byron,  and  one  of  his  fi 
when  in  prifon  at  another  place,  tl 
which  he  ^as  carried,  before  his  ^ 
kation  for  Europe.     His  adventtij 
many,  and  he  arrived  at  laft  in  En 
but  fo  extremely  low  in  ckfh  that  i 
barely  able  to  hire  a  horfe,  and  q 
town  from  Dover  without  eating  m 
morfel,  defrauding  even  the  turn 
he  fays,  from  an  urter  incapacity  1 
them. 

WE  have  given,  this  mo 
half-length  of  that  grcal 
fioan  chief  Pascal  Paoli,  en; 
by  Miller,  as  defcribed  by  Mr 
well,  and  which  that  ^eiitlenil 
approved  as  a  ftriking  hkenefs., 
a  View  of  the  Royal  Palace  of  Si 
of  which  an  account  was  givea : 
laft.  ^ 


1 


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i  T/  '' 


^   ,'5 "J 


.  t     ™'-c       _^ 


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GoogtT" 


Pas  c al  Paoli  . 

^tn^^i^/  i?/  fAi"  Corsica ns  .  //r/  p^m*m^ra  '  pm  ^y 

AI  r  Doi'weU.  . 


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1 768.         /  State  of  a  lafi  CaHtrov:trJy, 

Stati  of  the  Controfv^rfy  ivitb  the  Author 
ofTht  Appeal » continued /romp,  182. 


WITH  rcfpeft  to  the  unbigott- 
ed  layman  of  the  church*  of 
England,  who  in  a  civil  and  mod  tit 
manner  propofed  feme  queries  relative 
to  the  fubied  of  the  Appeal,  1  gave 
bim^a  diftinft  anfwer,  but  did  not 
think  it  nece0ary  to  purfue  the  debate 
any  farther,  upon  the  occafion  of  liis 
iecond  letter,  ai  he  feemcd  to  decline 
it,  and  reft  fatisfied  with  his  prefent 
fentiments,  as  a  change  might  be  at- 
tended with  difagreeable  conlequencet, 
▼ix.  that  he  could  not  think  Chi  ift  a 
AifHcient  Saviour,  unlefs  he  believed 
in  bis  divinity>  i.  e.  fupreroe,  or  hi» 
ftri&  equality  with  bis  Ood  and  Fa^ 
ther,  which  is  founded  upon  the  no-^ 
tion  of  God*s  juftice  requiring  an  infi* 
mte  fatisfaftion  for  the  unsof  mankind. 
This  theological  opinion  is  inconfif- 
teot  with  God*s  moral  attributes,  as 
it  leaves  no  room  for  the  exercife  of 
his  mercy  \  neither  is  it  warranted  by 
my  declarations  in  the  word  of  God  s 
There  we  are  frequently  alTured,  that 
the  redemption  purchafed  for  us  by 
the  merits  of  Chrili  proceeded  entirely 
from  the  mere  grace  and  favour  of  ,the 
One  God  and  Father  of  all,  who  ap- 
pointed this  gracious  difpenfaiion  to 
^ve  all  rational  encouragement  to  fm- 
cere  penitents  confiilently  with  a  Arid 
regard  to  his  righteous  laws«  The 
merits  of  Chrift  are  fo  far  from  afford- 
ing  any  comfort  to  wilful  iinners, 
whilll  they  continue  fuch  without  an 
exemplary  amendment,  that  they  will 
aggravate,  the  guilt  of  fuch  a  ilate, 
and  confequenUy  prove  the  tei^rible 
means  of  increafing  their  punishment. 
I  would  reconnnend  to  the  unbigotted 
Lavman  the  fcripture  do6lrine  of  the 
redemption  of  nKin  by  Jefus  Chriit, 
by  the  late  Dr.  Sykes,  printed  ioT 
MiUar,  where  be  will  find  the  moil 
prcciie  and  rational  account 'of  this 
grand  affair,  founded  upon  fcripture 
aad  reafon. 

This  gentleman  draws  a  confequehce 
from  my  plain  fcripture  account  of 
Chrift's  advancement  to  extraordinary 
dignity  and  honour  as  a  reward  of 
his  amazing  humiliation,  that  he  muft 
have  been  in  heaven  befoie  he  came 
into  the  world,  of  a  rank  inferior  to 
many  of  the  angelic  hofts,  which,  he 
thinks  incredible.  Anf,  Ifthisconfe- 
.  May,  ij$U        *< 


24F 

^enc^  be  rightly  drawn,  the  cenfure 
of  it  falls  upon  fcripture  itfelf,  it  be- 
ing exprefaly  declared  by  the  facred 
^vnters  that  the  higheft  dignity  to 
wMch  Chrift  was  advanced,  viz.  hii 
receiving  worfhip  from  the  angeU,  wa# 
given  hiin,  becaufe  be  luasjlain^  Rer. 
v.  viii.  9,  i<^j  to  which,  ieveral  other 
pailligcs  might  be  added^  But  thit 
confequence  is  evidently  fallacious  t 
Though  the  fcripture  has  not  parti- 
cularly informed  us  what  our  Saviour*i 
rank  was  before  he  came  into  the 
world,  yet  it  may  be  juftlv  inferred^ 
that  he  was  fuperior  to  tlie  highett  an- 
gels *.  ^nd  furely  the  humiliation  of 
lucb  an  extraordinary  perfun,  though 
attended  with  a  proportionable  reward^ 
mutt  have  fufficient  merits  to  qualify 
him  for  the  important  work  of  our 
falvation,  this  grand  fcheme  depend-* 
ing  entirely  upon  the  will  of  God^ 
who  appointed  this  gracious  method^ 
in  order  to  (hew  what  a  prodiciotts 
value  he  fets  upon  innocence,  virtue 
and  obedience,  fo  that  the  glorious 
perfon,  who  exhibited  the  brighteft 
example  of  confummate  holinefs,  wai 
thousht  worthy  to  be  the  Saviour  of 
finful  mortals,  and  to  receive  adora- 
tion from  men  and  angels.  To  him 
that  ttvercometbf  fays  our  Lord  in  hit 
gloriiied  ftflte,  'wtll  I  grant  to  Jit  tvitk 
me  in  my  throne^  en) en  at  I  o*vercame§ 
and  am  jet  do-wn  ivith  my  Father  in  his 
throne.  This  is  the  important  lellbxl 
we  (hould  learn  from  our  Saviour*! 
merits,  without  which  all  our  moft  re« 
fined  fpeculations  will  be  of  no  accounts 

As  the  unbigotted  layman  lays  a 
particular  ftrefs  uponoucSaviour's  be- 
ing called  the  Son  of  Gud|  as  if  thit 
neceffarily  implied  his  having  the  fame 
metaphyseal  nature  with  his  Grod  and 
Father,  and  fo  was  incapable  of  any 
exaltation;  he  is  referred  to  my  £>erence 
p.  68,  69,  where  all  the  ienfes,  in' 
which  our  Saviour  is  called  (he  Son 
of  God,  are  afcertaiircd  by  fcripture^ 
not  one  of  which  has  any  relation  ttf 
his  having  the  fame  natm'e  with  the 
Father. 

As  to  the  texts  cited  in  this  letter, 
they  have  been  frequently  confidcred,- 
and  undeniably  (hewn  to  be  confident 
with  the  do^rinc  of  one  Supreme  God 
and  the  inferiority  of  ChriH,  and  par- 
ticularly in  the  Appeal  and  Defence, 
to  whici)  this  geiitlcmaii  has^iven  no 
dire^  aufwcr* 

H  h  But 


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SiMm        W^« 


*  But|  though  the  unbigotted  Layman 
is  not  yet  convinced  by  my  fincere 
cndeavourt  for  this  ufeful  purpofe, 
jret  he  has  ray  thanks  and  acknow- 
icdgments  for  the  chriftian  manner 
in  which  he  writes  ;  and  likewife  for 
the  candid  concefTion  he  has  made» 
that  our  public  creeds  (hould  be 
purely  fcriptural,  as  well  in  their  terms 
as  ideas»,  and  wifhes  that  the  Athana- 
fian  creed  was  not  ufed  in  our  churches* 
as  being  unfcripturaL  I  am  inclined 
to  believe,  that  every  unbigotted  Lay- 
man of  the  Church  of  England,  who 
has  examined  this  point,  is  of  the 
fame  opinion,  though  he  ma^  think  it 
poflible  to  deduce  the  doctrine  of  it 
from  fcripture. ' 

I  would  juft  mention  another  parti- 
cular in  this  candid  letter  of  the  un- 
bigotted Layman  j  in  the  beginning 
of  it  he  fairly  acknowledges,  that  then 
an  many  things  touchtd  upon  in  my  Utter 
to  him,  and  enlarged  on  in  the  Appeal^ 
%vbich  are  beyond  his  purpofe,  and  luhich 
be  leafves  to  the  difcuffion  of  the  learned. 
In  other  terms  he  has  profelTed  that  he 
has  not  anfwered  my  letter,  or  Ap- 
peal. 

Upon  the  whole  it  plainly  appears 
from  this  impartial  review  ox  the  con* 
trowrfy,  as  it  ftands  in  your  Maga- 
zine, that  the  Appeal  ftill  remains  up- 
on the  ftrong  foundation  of  fcripture 
interpreted  by  common  fenfe :  And 
inftead  of  returning  the  language  of 
contempt  with  which  Mr.  A.  B.  treats 
the  author  of  it,  I  would  #nly  recom- 
mend it  to  his  ferious  thoughts,  to  be 
more  careful  for  time  to  come  how  he 
advances  fuch'  confident  alTertions, 
without  having  maturely  weighed  the 
whole  cafe  with  an  impartial  judgment. 

With  refpe£l  to  the  remamin^  part 
of  the  letter  of  Mr.  A.  B,  his  animad- 
▼eriions  upon  the  ingenious  author 
of  the  Confeflional  (hew  little  elfe  but 
a  difpofition  to  find  fault  with  flight 
inaccuraciet,  and  which  are  below  the 
notif;e  of  fo  able  a  writer.  I  would 
only  obferve  with  re^rd  to  the  fa6t 
relating  to  the  offence  given  to  many 
congregations  by  the  reading  of  the 
Athanafian  Creed,  that  tiiis  is  (Iri^ly 
true,  it  being  no  uncommon  cafe  for 
feveral  to  fit  down,  whilft  the  mtniile r 
IS  reading  this  unfcriptural  and  irra- 
tional creed  :  Even  feveral  of  the  com- 
mon people  who  arc  Bereans,  begin 
>•  (xpi^fs  their  di'iiiTce  at  the  reading 


of  it.    Neither  is  this  inconfif^ent  with 
the  obfervation  of  the  author  of  the 
ConfefHonal,    that  few  of  the  commm, 
(eopli  form  any  ideas  of  the  trinity  :  Fe^ 
m  this  pafTage  muft  be  taken  in  the 
comparative  fenfe  with  refpefl  to  the 
whole  body  of  the  common  people,  bf 
whom  it  cannot  be  expe6led  that  they 
ihould  form  any  rational  ideas  of  th« 
Trinity,    unleu  they  are  particularly 
inftruaed,   as   their   attention  upon 
this  fubje^  is  generally  confined  to  the 
Athanafian  forms,  eftablifhed  by  pub* 
lie  authority,  the  grand  fupportof  all 
religious  errors  and  corruptions. 
^  I  cannot  indeed  reflet  without  a  le- 
rious  concern  on  the  religious  ftate  of 
the  common  people  with   regard  to 
their  Almighty  Creator,   whom  they 
may  perpetually  fee  by  his  glorious 
works,   and  the  revelation  of  his  wi  H 
by  Mofes  and  the  prophets,  by  Chrift 
and  his  apoftles.    But  as  they  are  not 
generally  difpofed  to  exercife  their  ra- 
tional faculties  upon  this   important 
fubjeA,  they  have  been  liable  to  groia 
impofitions   in    almoft  all  ages    and 
countries.    Eflablifhed  fuperftition  and 
idolatry  have  too  generally  overcloud- 
ed the  bilghteft  evidence  of  reaibn 
and  the  gofpel  itfelf,    clearly  pointing 
out  one  fupreme  God  and  Merciful 
Father  of  all  rational  creatures }    (b 
that  mankind  have  groped  in  the  darlt» 
though  furrounded  with  the  glorious 
light  of  the  works  and  word  of  God. 
We  have  no  occafion  to  have  re- 
courfe  to  the  heathen  world  to  be  in- 
formed of  the  abominable  fuperfiitioii 
and  idolatry,   to  which  the  bulk  of 
the  common  people  have  been,   and 
flill  are  devoted ;   The  grofs  corrup- 
tions of   popery    in    the    kingdoms 
around  us,  will  furnifh  us  with  in- 
ftances  of  it.    Let  any  one  but  read 
the  account  of  the  great  eruption  of 
Mount  Vefuvius,  the  i9thof  O^ber, 
1767,   in  a  letter  from  the  Hon.  Wil- 
liam Hamilton,    envoy  extraordinary 
and  minifter  plenipotentiary  of  our 
king,  to  the  king  of  the  two  Sicilict* 
inferted  in  you^  Magazine,  for  the 
lafl  month?  And  he  will  be  prefent^ 
with  fuch  a  difmal  fceneof  abomina- 
ble fuperftition  and  gH^Ts  pal|>able  ido- 
latry,  as  would  feem  incredible  even 
in  a  popifh  country,  if  it  had  not  been 
arteljbtd  by  this  refpedaole  authority. 
(See  p.  104.)     I  fuppofe  by  the  ac- 
count that  St.  Januarittt  and  Genaniel- 

io 


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f  76s:  V      Mr.  Roberdbn  cmnunied.  24f 

lo  are  the  (aint  proteaort  of  Naples    Ta  tbi  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
eftabliibed  by  law,  an  autboritj  which  MAGAZINE, 

iknftifies  the  vUeft  corrupdone  in  re*  t  •  <_   i^^     . 

Cgionfl  mattert.  r^^  r,  r.        ^'^  '  ^""^  ^''  '7«t. 

•Tif  matter  of  real  concern  to  find  T^^E  promifc  of  thii  piece  on  th« 
grave  divines  of  this  proteftant  country  J^  great  moruUty  of  infanu,  made 
employing  this  impious  principle,  *^™5  *»on^j)««go,  was  pre  vented  being 
▼iz.  public  authority,  to  defeat  the  P^"°'^"^;fawO'»er  from  a  family  misfor- 
truly  chriftian  propofels  of  the  worthy  V!"^'  ?"*  ^^*^  ^^  '"X  fpoufe,  laft 
.    .     ^     .  «       .      -  December,  but  which  I  now  uuderT 

take  again  to  perform. 

Shocking  it  is  furely  to  fee  in  the 
annual  bills  of  mortality,  fucb  vaft 
number  of  babes  hurried  oflF  this  lower 
ftage  of  life  almoft  as  foon  as  born ;  at 
if  they  came  into  the  world  only  to 
look  about  them,  and  then  die. 

Thus  we  read  above  eight  thoufand 
die  under  two  ycari  of  age,  and  above 
two  thoufand  more  between  two  and 
five,  annually,  in  and  about  London 
only,  and  confequently  above  ^ 
times  that  number,  every  year,  all 
over  the  nation.  Nay,  fo  great  is  the 
mortality  of  the  human  race  in  gene- 
ral, that  fomc  have  calculated,  that 
one  half  of  manktn4  die  before  ther 
arrive  at  the  age  of  fcventeen. 

Let  us  try  then,  if  we  can  by  our 
advice,  leiTcn  this  growing  evilj  firf^ 


muthor  of  the  Confeflional.  I  cannot 
help  judging,  that  an  attempt  to  re- 
move the  prefent  burden  of  fubfcrip- 
don  in  thefe  days  of  light  and  free 
enquiry,  dcferves  the  thanks  of  all  real 
proteftants. 

^  The  cafe  of  Mr.  Robertfon  a  glo- 
rious confefTor,  of  whom  we  have 
lately  heard,  though  a  private  indivi- 
dual, demonftrates  the  necelTity,  the 
abfolute  neceflity  of  purfuing  the  caufe 
recommended  not  only  by  the  Con- 
feflional, but  feveral  other  treatifes  up* 
on  the  fame  general  plan,  more  efpe- 
ciallythe  Free  and  Candid  difquifitions. 
A  church  that  by  her  fubfcriptions  and 
offices  excludes  a  perfon  of  Mr.  Ro* 
bertlbn^s  charader  from  the  public  mi- 
Biftry,  ceruinly  wants  a  review.  He 
iicems  by  his  excellent  attempt  to  ex- 
plain the  Words,  Reafon,  Subftance, 


Perfon,  Ac.  to  have  entered  into  the    ^^  Viewing  the  cau.'e ;  and,  fecondly, 
genuine  fpirit  of  chriftianity,    and  to    *>/  offering  a  remedy  for  the  fame. 

r ._  J  __..i J        i^.x  r  ..'  Among  many  IcOcr,  and  accidental, 

the  greater  caufcs  are  thefe  two :  Firft, 
The  feveral  difeafes  thefe  yeung  and 
tender  creatures  are  naturally  iubje£t 
to,  for  which  I  recommend  fuch  to 
the  doaors.  The  fecond  caufe  is,  the 
the  great  careleflhefs  and  cruelties  of 


have  gained  noble  and  exalted  fenti- 
ments  of  the  One  God  and  Father  of 
all,  and  the  rational  duties  we  owe  to 
him,  our  fellow  creatures  and  our- 
felves,  free  from  human  mixtures  and 
corruptions :  In  a  word,  he  has  ftu- 
died  the  fcriptures  to  a  very  ufeful 


purpofe,  as  he  (t^    the  religion  of    ^hcir  unnatural  nurfes,  the  fubjoa  of 
Chrift  in  its  original  and    beautiful    t"»l»hort  diflcrtation. 


fimplicity  \  but  above  all,  he  has  de- 
monftrated  his  fmcere  attachment  to 
the  caufe  of  truth  and  virtue  by  tak- 
ing  up  the  crofs  of  Chrift,  and  glori- 
oudy  facrificing  his  worldly  intereft, 
though  preflisd  with  a  family  unpro- 
^ded  for,  to  the  favour  of  God  and 
peace  of  confcience.  I  heartily  wi(h 
It  was  in  my  power  to  do  him  any 
real  fervice  as  a  token  of  my  cordial 
affection  for  this  chriftian  brother, 
whole  perlbn  I  never  faw,  nor  ever 
held  a  correfpondence  with  him, 
^  whofe  name  I  never  knew  till  his 
*  honeft  and  chriftian  letter  appeared  in 
the  Monthly  Review,  and  your  Maga- 
zine.    I  am,  Sir, 

Your  conftant  reader 

And  very  humble  fervant, 

Tbi  Author  of  An  Apfcal. 


To  mention  only  the  chief,  as  our 
bounds  admit  not  of  many  j  the  firft 
IS,  that  barbarous  and  unnatural  me- 
thod of  binding  up  their  tender  heads, 
bodies,  and  limbs,  as  foon  as  born,  fo 
oppofite  to  their  preceding  ftate,  when 
they  lived  at  large,  or  they  had  never 
kicked  their  way  into  the  world.  For 
b>  bandages,  rollers,  &c.  neither 
their  bowels  nor  limbs  have  due 
growth  and  formadon,  nor  can  they 
aft  and  exert  themfelves  in  that  free 
and  eafy  manner,  it  is  plain,  wife  na- 
ture  ever  intended  them.  Hence  fo 
many  become  crooked,  ftunted,  and 
confumptive,  and  have  an  ugly  caft 
imprcflfed  upon  their  limbs  tliey  never 
afterwards  outgrow.  How  would  even 
brutes,  with  patience,  endure  fuch 
painful  confinement  ? 

H  h  a  7a 


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f,  44  X^ufis  jcif\  and. 

To  rcipcdy  thi«  forrow,  drrfs  them 
'  only  with  a  Qannel  waiilcosit,  without 
flccvca,  to  tic  loofely  behind  with  a 
<hort  petticoat  fewed  thereto,  and 
ever  all  ft  loofc  gown.  Let  the  faften- 
ing  be  with  loops  or  ftfings,  without 
pins,  which  often  prick  the  infant, 
and  caufe  ihiieks,  the  caufc  of  which 
the  ftupid  nurfe  is  feldom  cunning 
enough  to  di (cover.  In  (hort,  the; 
drefs  fliould  be  fo  fimple  as  to  be  flipt 
eafily  off  and  on,  without  tcazing  the 
babe  to  extreme  crying,  often  the 
caufe  of  ruptures.  Nor  fhould  evei^ 
its  head  be  preflcd  by  the  hand,  and 
then  bound  up,  but  let  only  a  loofe 
cap  be  worn,  and  leave  nature  to  her 
own  work,  who  needs  no  fuch  oVer 
officious  nurfes  to  affift  her  therein  $ 
jnuch  Jefs  does  (he  want  fwaihs,  ftays, 
bandages,  rollers,  and  fuch  trum^^^ry 
contrivances,  that  are  moft  ridicu- 
loady,  nay  moft  ciuelly,  ufed  toclofc 
up  tne  head,  and  keep  it  »n  its  place, 
and  to  comprefs  and  lupport  the  body, 
J8  if  nature,  exaft  apd  wife  nature, 
hfid  produced  her  chief  and  moft  ex- 
cellent work,  a  human  creature  fo 
corelefsly  unfinrfhed,  as  to  need  thofe 
idl«  aids  of  nurlcs  to  render  it  perfect. 
Hpw  did  it  do  before  it  was  born, 
whcp  it  lay  at  liberty  in  its  mother's 
belly?  fo  let  it  be  free  after  it  has 
come  forth  into  this  wide  world. 

They  ihouid  lie  likewife  in  a  loofe 
flannel  at  Hights,  to  defend  their  bo- 
dies from  the  air;  be  feldom  or  never 
rocked  ;  nor  kept  too  clofe  nor  hot  j 
their  bodies  (hould  be  rubbed  all  over, 
bead  and  all,  gently,  every  morning 
with  a  warm  cloth,  or  flcfh  bruih,  and 
be  kept  dry.  This  regimen  Ihould  be 
continued  *till  three  years  cid. 

».  The  next  caufe  of  childr,cn's  un- 
timely denth  is  the  improper  food  they 
we  generally  crambed  with  :  As  thick 
water  pap,  butter,  fug.ir,  oil,  panada, 
caudle,  and  fuch  like  indigeilible  ftufF. 
Thefe  corrupt,  breed  wind,  caufe 
cholicks,  and  convulfions ;  of  which 
laft  difeale  alone  four  or  five  thoufand 
generally  die  yearly  at  London  j  where* 
ais  half  their  diet  (hould  be  thin,  light 
broths,  with  a  little  well  baked  bread, 
bifcuit,  or  rice  in  it.  In  (liort,  their 
diet  cannot  well  be  too  thin.  They 
ikould  not  be  fed  above  four  times  in 
twenty-four  hours,  and  never  in  the 
night,  only  give  them  a  little  milk  and 
Water.     It  is  wrong  to  ufe  them  tp  fg 


Sska^  ftr 


•Maf 


bad  a^cuAom,  ae  to  feed  them  tiH  ffaef 
'throw  it  up  again  ;  if  not  uled  tv  it, 
they  will  not  expcdt  it.  Pap,  as  it  it 
commonly  made,  is  at  beft  but  a  fp^- 
ciei  of  glew,  fit  to  plafter  the  infide  of 
the  guts,  and  obftru6t  the  la^als  \ 
nor  make  ihem  fwaliow  their  vi^ual« 
while  lying  on  their  backs  j  it  is  an 
unnatural  poihire,  and  fuch  as  yoti  • 
would  not  like  yourfclfj  but  they 
(hould  be  fed  in  a  fitting  poihire,  at 
before  birth,  that  they  may  fwaliow 
their  food  the  eafter^  and  with  a  better 
guft.  IPcoftive,  ufe  magnefia  alba,  or 
crude  tartar,  freely  in  their  visuals  \ 
if  oonvulfed,  give  fperma  cceti  with 
fome  powder  of  anifeeds  rubbed  with 
white  fugar  candy,  often. 

3.  Another  caufe  of  their  furpr»zin|f 
mortality  is  the  letting  them  lie  adeep,. 
or  awake,  fitting  or  running  about, un- 
covered, or  in  their  wet  cloatbt,  fit 
carelefs  are  /bme  unthinking  motherf 
and  niiries,  who  pretend  thus  to  brinjg 
them  up  hardy,  as  if  quite  void  of 
common  fenfe  \  whereas  nothing  can 
be  more  hurtful  to  health,  as  it  ftops 
perfpiration,  fouls  the  blood,  and 
caufes  agues  and  fwelled  fpleens,  and 
lays  the  foundation  of  certain  and  pre- 
mature death  \  while  they  little  conA- 
der  the  weighty  duty,  and  the  folema 
account  they  muft  ene  day  give  of  thit 
their  great  charge  and  office.  Surely 
the  dumb  beaft  is  in  fuch  a  cafe  much 
better  off  than  thefe  pretty  heirs  of 
eternity  :  Out  of  fixteen  children  by 
fuch,  and  otl>«r  wicked  ways,  I  myfelf 
have  loft  all  but  five. 

4.  The  4th  chief  caufe  of  the  death 
of  many  innocent  infants  is  that  .wicked 
cuftom  of  forcing  opiates,  efpecialfy  dif- 
cordiumdown  their  throats,  to  compel 
them  to  lie  quiet,  while  the  lazy  nurfe 
may  flecp  and  forget  them.  This  un- 
lucky compofition  of  th^  (hops,  by 
coming  under  the  knowledge  of  nurfes, 
has  certainly  done  much  more  hurt 
than  good.  I  am  of  Dr.  Jameses  opi.» 
nion,  it  is  a  fiily  medicine  at  beft,  and 
it  is  a  pity  it  is  not  expunged  the  dif. 
penfatory,  that  any  further  mifchief 
from  it  might  be  thereby  prevented. 
If  opiates  are  needed,  nothing  ftronger 
than  julap  of  camphor,  or  a  folution 
ofaflafcetida  (hould  be  ufed.  I  loft 
one  boy  only  by  eight  drops  of  licjuid 
laudanum  f  the  baker  kilted  another 
with  his  allum  bread,  and  the  nurfe 
murdered  a  daughter  by  fettmg  her 

t^fore 


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iTvB- 


TifC  Mortality  among  Infants. 


before  dre(fed,  unknown  to  us,  on  a 
a  w«t  marble  hearth,  at  foon  as  taken 
out  of  bed  every  morning. 

It  is  very  wholefome  to  dip  the 
babies,  now  and  then,  in  a  tub  of 
water,  abating  the  coldnefs  thereof  at 
firft,  by  adding  fome  hot,  and  fo  dimi- 
nilh  the  quantity  of  the  warm  water 
gradually,  till  at  lad  it  may  be  left 
quite  out ;  by  this  and  friction  their 
iolids  will  be  fo  well  (lengthened, 
that  they  will  run  alone  in  a  few 
months  time. 

Doubt  not  then,  but  by  obfervin|; 
tbefe  few  and  eafy  rules,  that  the  pre- 
tioos  lives  of  many  babies  may  be  hap- 
pily prefcrvcd,  and  the  number  of 
idutts  be  daily  augmented,  to  the  in- 
creafed  population  of  thefe  three  na- 
tions. But  cuftom  is  a  tyrant,  and 
therefore  it  will  be  difncult  to  prevail 
with  many  to  follow  thcfc  d]re6lions  \ 
aeverthelefs,  as  there  are  feveral  good 
(enfible  mothers  in  the  land  I  defpair 
not,  but  they  will  be  well  plea  fed  to 
be  informed  of  their  miftakc?,  and 
inoft  readily  correft  their  errors,  and 
thereby  render  me  a  happy  inllruixient 
in  prtferving  many  a  child's  life.  Laft 
of  all,  when  about  two  years  old  ino- 
culate^ them  with  the  meaAes,  and 
fome  time  after  for  the  fmall  pox,  al- 
lowing them  no  ftrong  liquors  of  any 
kind  till  they  are  grown  up  to  be 
youths. 

Since  life  is  fo  (hort  and  uncertain, 
iiow  unjuftly  do  we  repine  at  the  (hort- 
Befs  of  our  own,  to  think  ourfelves 
wronged  if  we  attain  not  to  old  age, 
whereas  it  appears  by  nice  calculation, 
that  one  halt  of  thofe  that  are  born 
arc  dead  within  fcventeen  years,  and 
that  the  thirtieth  perfon  die*  yearly 
all  over  the  world  -.  So  that  inftead  of 
murmuring  at  what  w«  call  an  un- 
timely death,  we  ought  to  account  it  a 
blefling  that  we  have  furvivcd,  per- 
haps many  years,  that  period  of  life, 
whereat  the  one  half  of  the  whole 
race  of  mankind  does  not  arrive. 

Since  the  cafe  Is  fo,  how  needful  is 
marriage  to  keep  up  the  race  of  m3n- 
kiisd,  the  growth  and  increafe  of 
whom  is  not  fo  much  ftintcd  by  any 
tbing  in  the  nature  of  the  fpecies,  as 
It  is  from  arbitrary  rules,  and  the  cau- 
tious difficulty  moft  people  make  ta 
adventure  on  the  ftate  of  matrimony, 
ijrom  th(  dull  pcofpcfi  of  the  trottble# 


245 


and  charge  of  providing  for  a  fkmilj 
of  little  ones,  fo  that  l^  computation 
there  is  but  one  woman  in  Ux,  who 
brcedy^aurlyj  whereas,  if  thofe  othei^ 
that  could  breed    were    all  married, 
very  likely,    four  of  fix   would  brin^ 
us  a  baby  every  year.    For  which  rea* 
fon    to   promote  population,     much 
wanted  at  this  time  (the  wars  havinr 
carried  off  many,  and  the  dearnefs  of 
provifions  half  ftarved  many  more)  for 
the  honour  of  the  beft  of  kings,  whofe 
ftrength  and  gfory  confifts  in  thenum- 
ber  of  his  fubjcdls  ;  I  lately  publiihed 
my  book  on  Genei^tion,  to  put  young 
men  in  mind  of  their  duty  lawfully  to 
obey  nature's  call,  and  anfwer  one  <if 
the  great  ends  here  of  their  creation  : 
no  laws  fliould  be  made  againft  that 
holy  ordinance  ;  all  uncleannefs  fliouId 
be  punifticd  5  old  batchelors  taxed,  and 
thofe  who  get  more  children  than  or- 
dinary fliould  be  encouraged  by  a  pub- 
lie  afliftanc%  to  bring  up  their  ilfue  : 
As  was  done  by  the  law  of  Jus  Trium 
Liberorum  of  the  Romans.  The  prelcnt 
care,  and  provilion,    for  poor  pari/h 
children  is  excellent,    and  pity  it  is 
that  our  foldicrs,  and  other  military 
-men,  to  be  rendered  ufeful  in  a  double 
capacity,  arenot  enduced  to  marry  ajid 
beget  a  fucccflion  of  fuch   for  thejr 
king,  and  country,  by  their  little  ones 
being  brought  up  at  the  publi9  charge, 
as  the  fpurious  breed  charitably  is  in 
the  Foundling  hofpltal. 

_  Your's 

John  Cook. 

To  the  Gentleman  njohofigns  Mifo-Baika- 
noft. 
S  I  R, 

T  has  been  often  obferved,  that 
the  word  caufe  produceth  the 
grcateft  outcry  J  and,  indeed,  you  be- 
gin  with  fo  much  clamour,  that  every 
man  of  common  fenfe  and  obfcrvatioo 
will,  after  reading  a  few  lines  of  your 
letter,  \k  apt  to  fufpeft  you  are  in 
the  wrong  from  one  end  of  it  to  the 
other.  For  what  but  the  being'  told 
ungrateful  truths  could  excite  fuch  a 
tumult  in  your  brcaft  ?  Gladly  fliould 
I  be  informed  what  excufe  you  can 
make  for  fo  much  anger,  and  why  it 
is  criminal  in  me  to  take  the  fame 
freedom  with  the  Appeal  and  ConfeC- 
iional,  which  the  autnors of  thefe  bookt 
liavc  taken  with  our  liturgy,   and  the 

Wilting! 


r 


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34^ 


ANSWERTO 


writings  of  the  Irijh  ebampion^.  In 
the  name  of  juftice,  what  claim  have 
thefe  writers  to  an  "exemption  from 
criticifm?  I  have  with  fome  attention 
turned  over  the  Appeal  and  Confef- 
fional,  and  cannot,  for  vny  life,  difco- 
▼er  any  rieht  their  authors  have  to 
reverence  From  ixs,  or  perceive  any 
reafoD  which  ought  to  induce  a  man, 
at  their  approach,  to  cry  out 
'  m  ■  Hie  quifquam  *vit$  faxit  9/r- 

tUMt 

Tingi  duos  emgues.    Puiri^  faar  eft  lo" 
€ju,  extra 

In  my  letter,  pub1i(hed  in  the  Mag. 
for  February  laft,  I  have  alTerted  that 
the  Appeal  haih  been  proved  to  he  a 
fpakry  piece  of  impertinence.^  emd  its  au* 
tbor  n  conceited  nveak  man,  and  for  the 
truth  qfthefe  offer tions  1  have  appealed  to 
every  competent  judge.  You,  Sir,  in 
your  letter  have  aOerted  that  the  Ap- 
peal never  has  been,  nor  ever  will  be 
confuted.  Alas !  Sir,  what  can  your 
opinion  avail  ?  I  have  appealed  to  com- 
petent judges ;  but  I  neither  can  nor 
will  allow  you  to  be  a  competent  judge 
till  you  have  proved  yourfeU  fuch. 
I  am  convinced  by  your  letter  that  you 
have  no  judgment  at  all. 

Moved  by  the  hope  of  making  the 
author  of  the  ConfeiHonal  a  little  num- 
ble,  and  of  convincing  him  that  he  is 
not  qualified  for  the  work  he  would 
fain  undertake,  viz.  the  reformation 
of  our  lituri^y,  I  have  taken  the  li- 
berty of  laying  before  him  a  few  of 
f  hofe  inaccuracies  with  which  his  book 
abounds :  and,  in  the  firft  place,  have 
remarked  the  following  paflfage  as  a 
grofs  blunder.  **  When  this  was 
written,  faith  tlie  author  of  the  Coo- 
fefTional,  I  did  not  know  of  Dr.  Macdo- 
nel's  anfwer  to  the  Appeal,  much 
Jefs  of  the  appellant's  rcphcation  f  up- 
on which  I  told  the  author  of  the  Con- 
fefTional  that  it  is  to  me  inconceivable 
how  he  could  know  much  lefs  of  one 
thing  than  of  another  thing  of  which 
he  knew  nothing. 

You,  Sir,  have  the  aiturance  and 
ignorance  to  fay  this  is  very  properly 
exprcflcd,  and,  to  prove  the  truth  of 
what  you  fay,  produce  fome  texts 
from  fcripturc  which  you  think  fimiiar. 
The  firft  is  from  Sam.  xxii,  15.  For 
thy  fervant  knew  nothing  of  all  this. 


May 

lejs  or  more.  Alas,  thefe  words  of 
Abimelech  make  nothing  for  you, 
they  amount  to  no  more  than  that 
he  did  not  know  any  thing  of  all  this, 
lefsormore^  qt\  assure  might  at  thit 
day  exprefs  it,  little  or  much.  So  whca 
Abigail  found  her  hu(band  drunk,  (he 
told  him  nothing  lefs  or  more^  until  the 
morning  light,  1.  e.  (he  did  not  tell 
him  any  thing,  little  or  much,  until  tho 
morning  lij?ht. 

Your  laft  quotation  from  fcripturc 
requires  another  anfwer.  In  If.  xL 
17.  all  nations  are  faid  to  be  account- 
ed lefs  than  nothing  and  Canity. 

I  anfwer  firft,  that  it  fcems  aM  un- 
couth way  of  vindicating  a  modern 
phrafe,  by  (aying  it  refdmWes  a  literal 
tranflation  from  a  dead  language. 

Secondly,  The  word  uotbing  has  in 
your  quotation  a  very  different  fenfe 
to  what  it  bears  when  ufcd  by  mcj  yj 
the  pa/Ta^e  quoted  from  feripture  it 
(ignifies  the  abfence  or  privation  of  all 
things.  But  when  I  tell  the  author 
of  the  Confe(fional  that  I  cannot  con- 
ceive how  he  can  know  much  lefs  of 
one  thing  than  of  another  of  which  be 
knows  nothing,  my  meaning  is,  that 
I  cannot  conceive  how  he  can  kno^v 
much  lefs  of  one  thing  than  of  another 
of  which  he  is  entirely  ignorant. 

Thirdly,  the  words,  knonus  nothings 
are  not  the  words  of  the  author  of 
the  Confeflional,  hot  mine.  Be  pleaf- 
ed  therefore  to  vindicate  the  icntiment 
as  it  is  expreffed  in  the  Confeflional » 
or  be  pleafed  to  (hew  how  a  man  cai^ 
know  much  lefs  of  one  thing  than  of 
another  of  which  he  is  utterly  ignorant. 
^  I  anfwer  laftly,  that  in  your  quota- 
tion from  feripture  the  nations  are  faid 
to  be  accounted  lefs  than  nothings  they 
are  not  faid  to  be  accounted  much  lefs 
than  nothing.  From  whence  it  is  evi- 
dent that  th€  expreflion  you  attempt 
to  juftify,  by  much  exceeds  the  oriental 
Hjrpoibole  by  you  brought  to  juftify  it. 

From  what  has  beeti  (aid  it  is,  I  truft 
fyfficicntly  clear,  that  you,  Sir,  who 
advife  me  to  be  a  little  better  acauainteJ 
nvitS  the  ufi  of  language,  before  I  put  on 
the  haughty  airs  of  a  fcvere  critic,  are 
yourfcif  a  perfcfl-  Ignoramus, 

The  next  paflage  cenfured  by  me 
is  this,  viz.  do  not  prejudice  them  be* 
forehand.  Here  is,  youconfefs,  an  in- 
accuracy 5  but  an  inaccuracy,    (iy  you. 


•  Dr,  Macdonel,  a  learned  Irijb  gentleman  'who  anfivered  the  Confejional,  and 
mfbo  isjeeringly  called  the  Irilh  Champion  by  the  facetious  author  of  the  ConfeJ/ioned. 
See  Confefs,  p.  360,  %d  edit.  ^ 


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MIS  O-B  A  S  K  A  N  O  S. 


1768. 

tfwbirb  M  much  more  abU  pen  than  that 
rf  A.  B,  might  have  be^  guilty. 

Although  A.  B.  dares  not,  cannot 
boaft  of  abilities  which  would  qualify 
him  for  a  refonner  of  our  liturgy,  he 
if  nevtrthelefs  of  opinion  that  ne  hi- 
f htrto  ftands  guiltleis  of  fo  palpable  aji 
abfurdity  as  this  before  ust  And  if 
at  any  time  he  (hould  unhappily  fink 
lb  low  as  to  commit  fo  grofs  a  blunder, 
he  hopes  his  friends  will  deem  it  a 
fure  fign  of  impaired  faculties,  and  for 
the  future  deprive  him  of  the  ufe  of 
pens  and  paper. 

I  have  in  the  next  place  charged 
the  author  of  the  Confeilional  with  a 
contradi^on,  which  contradiction  is 
snferted  in  my  letter,  publifhed  in  the 
Mag.  for  Feb.  laft  *.  You,  fagacious 
Sir,  have  inlerted  in  your  letter,  only 
•ne  jpart  of  this  contradiftion,  and 
then  infultingly  cry  out,  what,  in  the 
■arae  of  truth,  is  there  in  this  that 
looks  like  a  contradiftion  ?  After 
whic)i  you  bid  me,  if  capable  $^  commie- 
Jmr,  hbijb,  andfil  with  confujuu. 

I  will^  Sir,  give  you  a  piece  of  in* 
formatiofl,  and  I  expeft  you  will  thank 
me  for  it :  it  is  this  :  there  can  be  no 
contradiction  without  two  afTertions, 
the  one  of  which  muft  be  contrary 
to  the  other.  Mark  well  what  I  have 
fudy  and  rivet  it  in  your  memory: 
You  will  then  know  fomething. 

But,  though  you  have  given  your 
readers  a  part  only  of  the  contradic- 
tion with  which  I  have  charged  the 
author  of  the  Confeffional,  you  have, 
I  fuppofe  to  make  us  fome  amends  for 
the  omiilion,  given  us  a  complete  con* 
tsadidion  of  your  own. 

You  quote  the  following  paiTage 
from  the  Confeffional.    **  The  difqui* 


247 


fitors  have  laid  before  you  a  great 
many  particulars  which,  perhaps,  give 
more  open  and  immediate  offence  to 
the  common  people  than  the  do^rinca 
of  the  Trinity  j  about  'which,  1  am  apt 
io  think,  fe<w  qf  them  firm  any  ideas  j'* 
foon  after  this  you  afk  the  following 
queftion  \  "  Who  but  a  writer  of  a 
nfery  bad  mind  would  have  ms^e  the 
Confeffional  fay  that  the  commoa 
people  are  not  much  offended  at  the 
doarines  of  the  Trinity,  and  that  few 
of  them  form  any  ideas  about  them  ?'* 
Pray,  good  Sir,  is  not  the  fame  thing 
(aid  in  the  paffage  by  you  quoted  from 
the  Confeffional  ?  Let  the  candid  reader 
now  determine  who  ought  to  blulh  and 
fill  with  confufion. 

Your  IzA  paragraph  confifU  of  many 
bad  words,  and  much  good  advice* 
You  conclude  it  thus:  "  Let  him 
not  once  prcfume  to  fay  the  pen  of 
the  Confeffional  can  have  no  other  ef- 
feft  with  men  of  judgment  than  to 
produce  a  CmWt^iU- minded,  abufivg 
man,  look  again  ovfer  thine  own  !«/»- 
mous  letter  j  repent,  fm  no  more,  left 
a  much  heavier  rebuke,  even  than 
this,  does  foon  fall  upon  thee.** 

I  will  not  any  more  fay  that  the  pen 
of  the  author  of  the  Confeffional  can 
have  no  other  effeft  with  men  of 
judgment,  than  to  produce  a  fmile  % 
neither  can  I  fo  fay  confiflently  with 
truth.  Having  lately  heard  that  fome 
men  of  judgment  have  by  (he  faid  pen 
been  made  to  laugh  heartily. 

To  your  menaces  I  bid  defiance* 
The  rancour  of  your  heart  is  certainly 
very  great,  but  it  ceafeth  to  appear 
formidable  when  I  confider  the  weak* 
nefs  of  your  head. 


•  ne  contradlBion  with  which  I  have  charged  the  author  of  the  Confeffional  is 
this,  vix.  in  p.  358  he  tells  hj  **  the  difquifitors  have  laid  before  you  a  great  manp 
particulars,  which,  perhaps,  give  more  open  and  immediate  offence  to  the  commoa 
peopU  them  the  do£lrinet  of  the  Trinity,  about  which,  he  is  apt  to  think  few  of  them 
form  aity  ideas  5  in  the  next  page  but  one  he  tells  us  that  ««  many  of  the  congregations, 
Vibere  the  Athanafian  creed  has  been  difufed,  if  by  accident  an  officiating  flr anger 
Jbomld  read  it  to  them  in  its  courfe,  have  Seenkno*wn  to  exprefs  their  furprize  anddif 
like  by  very  ynaiufeft  tokens;"'*  this  I  have  faid  looks  like  a  contradi^ioni  it  being  in- 
credible  that  men  can  by  very  manifeft  tokens  exprefs  their  immediate  furpriz.e  aad 
eRflike  at  doBr'mes  about  vthich  thty  do  not  form  any  ideas,  and,  co^fequently,  at 
which  they  are  not  offended. 

AT.  B.  If  any  man  offenfe  will  give  himfelf  the  trouble  to  read  over  the  ahovC" 
mentioned  pages,  viz.  p,  358,  355,  '^60,  be  cannot  fail  of  finding  inaccuracies,  or 
rather  blunders,  befide  thofe  already  poiated  out.  Believe  ne,  Mi/o-ifo/ii^'ios,  1  can* 
ti9t  envjfuch  writers, , 

For 


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24?  MyjUry  unfrieHdly  lo  Rehgton. 

For  tbi  London  MatGazime. 
Uyfitry^  unfriendfy  H  RiUgipn. 

IN  an  age  of  fcepficifm  and  enthu- 
fiafm,    I   am   one  of  thofc  who 
would  gladly  contnbuu,   the  utmoft 
of  my  ;%il]ty»  to  promote  the  rational 
j^f^ffion    of  chriftianity.    By  ibme 
Ute  publications,  it  (hould  feem,  that 
ihider  *  pretence  of  reviving  the  fpirit 
<»f  true  religion»  ffFuftery  ii  recommend - 
^  with  great  iblemnity,  as  the  obje6t 
df  a   moft  profound  reverence  and 
mwe!  nay,   more  than  this,  tht  income 
frtbenfibti  U  fpoken  of»   as  the  object 
of  faith  {    becaufe  (aid  to  be  locked 
up  in  the  impenetrable  councils  of 
tbiereated  wifdom !   hence  reafon  is 
commanded  to  ftand  aloof,   and  keep 
Aer  diftance.    And    the    reconciling 
holh  is  thus  pronounced,   fecret  things 
Belong  f<:od\   but  things  that  are  r/- 
meahd  to  us  and  to  cur  children.    One 
would  have  thought  this  divine  in-* 
fthiAion  (hould  have  clearly  (hewn  to 
manldnd,    that  none  of  thofe  fecret 
thinn  have  auy  thin^  to  do  with  the 
religion  of  man  :  For  if  they  had,  they 
itiuft  have  concerned  both  us  and  our 
children.    Whatever  belongs  to  the 

ifamenetrable   councili   of  uncreated 
.  wiidom,  is  out  of  the  reach  of  the  hu* 

man  powers  of  conception ;  and  there- 
fore muft  be  infinitely  remote  from 

his   notice    or   attention.— This    we 

ihrcly  may  conclude  fair  reafoning; 

and  what  cannot  admit  of  the  lealt 

difputation. 

But  what  (hall  be  faid  to  the  extra« 

vagantab(urdityofi9f>>^/V/y  who,  when 

they  have  thus  profeued  the  abfolute 

unknowablenefs  of  the  fecret  things 

of  God,   do  yet  prefnrae  to  give  us  a 

detail  of  them?   Amon^  which,  are 

a  Trinity  ofperfons  in  Unttj,  of  one  un- 

S^dedeffence  j  and  an  bypoftatical  union  \ 

she  divine  and  human  natures  ejentially 

united  in  the  perfin^  of  Chrift,    Either 

thefe  things  are,  or  are  not  of  the  fe- 
cret things  belonging  to  God  :  if  ihcy 

lire  of  thoTe  impenetrable  fecrets,  how 

came  they  to  be  known  ?    If  they  are 

not  of  thofe  fecrets,   but  are  revealed, 

why  are  they  not  to  be  examined  and 

inveiligated  by  all  to  whom  they  arc 

revealed  ?  All  the  teachings  of  reve- 
lation beIon|^  to  us,  and  to  our  chil- 
dren |    and  It  m\xii  therefore  be  our 


May 

duty  to  know,  what  is  the  inftruaioit 
which  they  afi^rd  us. 

What  has  been  called  the  cburcb^ 
has,  in  molt  paft  ages,  made  much 
noife  ^hoxxt  fuhjiance  and  ferfon^  as  ap« 
pllcable  to  deity;  an(|  has  formed 
creeds  accordingly,  and  then  demand- 
ed  fubfcription.  But  it  has  never  yet 
been  (hewn,  that  the  New  l^tflament 
fays  one  word  of  a  Trinity  in  Unity^  or 
ot  an  bypoflaticed  union,  or  of  a  fame^ 
nefsoffubJiaaee.^Tht  utmoft  of  mens 
ability  iu  conjuring  up  thei^  fanciful 
images,  has  been,  to  cite  an  interpo- 
lated verfe  ih  St.  jfthn*6  firft  epiftle, .  of 
three  that  bear  record  in  beofven.  And 
though  the  interpolation  has  beeA 
proved  beyond  the  power  of  confute* 
tion  •,  yet  the  my  (tic  cites  the  fpu- 
rious  text,  with  ai  much  con%dence  at 
if  it  was  gofpel  f 

The  myftic  will  perhaps  tell  us,  the 
m>fterydoes  not  lye  in  thefe  articles 
as  they  are  in  themfelvef,  but  in  the 
HOW  of  them. 

This  would  be  very  trifling,  wheff 
we  can  defy  him  to  point  out  to  ut 
the  boiu  of  many  of  the  articles  of  our 
faith,    that  are  moft  plainly  revealedi 
e.  g.  how  it  was  that  propheu  of  old 
were  infpired  ^  How  it  was  that  a  vir- 
gin conceived  and  brought  forth  hef 
nrft  born  fon  ?   As  was  the  cafe  with 
the  motherof  our  Lord.    Or  even  th« 
botw  it  is  that  God  exifts?   Hotv  he 
creates,  or  prefervcs  the  worlds  ?   BuC 
to    tell    us  that   there  are  myfteriet 
which  we  are  to  reverence,   ofwUlcli 
the  facred  fcriptures  make  no  mention} 
and  concerning  which  as  myftics  report 
them,   we  cannot  form  any  kind  of 
conception ;  or  from  them  make  the 
leaft  ufeful  application,  is  fuch  an  un- 
pardonable way  Of  tantalizing  the  hu- 
man mind,  as  language  cannot  exprefs* 
^— Ctf/  bono  ?  Is  a  queftion  which  de- 
mands a  folution.     What  good    end 
can  be  anfwcrcd  by  any  of  thefe  in- 
conceWables  and  incomprehen(ibles  ? 
e,  g,  does  it  help  the  regular  devotions 
of  a  mind,    that  when    the  precept 
commands,  «*  Thou  (hall  love  the  Lord 
thy  God  with  all  thine  heart  and  foul, 
and  mind   and  ftrcngth" — and  when* 
the  blelTed  Jefus  aflutns,   "  there   is 
none  good  but  one  God  ;**  and  always 
pays  homage  himfelf  to  that  one  God, 
as   his  G<Kl   and  Fathers    That   we 


(houki 
See  Emlyn's  traSs  upon  the  pojfage^  ^which  any  common  reader  m^  confuk^ 


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1768.  Oh  Rom.  vi 

fiiould  learn  to  fancy  tbret  perfim  in 
the  Godhead  oF equal  power  and  glory; 
and  Jefus  to  be  one  of  thoie  per- 
fons  ?  How  is  it  that  my  mind  can 
avoid  the  utmod  confudon  in  its  ap- 
prehenfions  of  the  objc^  of  homage  ? 
And  bowr  much  confufion  muft  fill  a 
mind  that  contemplates  DEn  y  as  the 
infinite  fpirit,  and  yet  mult  fappofc 
this  infinite  fpirit  united  perfonaiiy  to 
an  human  body,  by  what  is  called  an 
hypoftatical  union  ?  What  ufcful  pur- 
polcs  can  this  ferve  ?  or  rather,  what 
Lurtful  ones  will  it  not  necell'arily  pro- 
duce ?  Shall  I  not,  by  fuch  abiurd 
iilea,  deftroy  all  the  ideas  of  the  exem- 
plarinefs  of  my  Lord*s  behaviour,  to 
whom,  it  was  abiblutely  impoilible 
that  any  temptation  could  ^ave  the 
lea  ft  accefs  $  and  who  mu(l  be,  in  the 
mod  perfe^  fenfe,  impaJfibU. 

The  myftcrious  fy Item  of  church- 
men, hat  brought  an  indelible  reproach 
upon  the  mott  gracious  and  ufetul  re- 
velation, that  ever  was  made  of  the 
mind  and  will  of  God,  and  has  fadly 
fcandalized  the  divine  teachings ! 
the  aflent  of  the  unbeliever  is  made  to 
revolt,  becaufe  in  thefe  cloudy  inter- 
pretations of  gofpel-do^rines,  he  who 
faid,  I  am  the  light  of  the 'worldt  is  made 
the  darkneft  of  it !  It  (liould  aftoniih 
an  obferver  becaufe  of  the  abfurdity^ 
and  would  fill  him  with  furprize,  if  it 
was  not,  that  the  church  has,  in  all 
ages,  been  moit  generally  employed  in 
inventing,  broachmg,  and  propagat- 
ing abfurdity  !  the  indefatigable  la- 
bours of  the  prefent  day,  to  write 
down  the  Confeilional,  and  to  bewitch 
the  people  with  a  fondnefs  for  my  ft  cry, 
is  one  of  the  worft  fymptoips  of  the 
fickly  ftite  of  religious  liberty  \  and  of 
the  vitious  taile  of  the  times,  hanker- 
ing after  the  onions  and  garlic  of 
Egypt. 

L  will  cite  a  paragraph  from  a  fpi- 
riud  fenfible  writer  • — •*  the  bulk  of 
mankind,  being  educated  in  a  reve- 
rence for  edablilhed  modes  of  thinking 
and  adiing,  in  confequence  of  their 
being  e(tabli(hed,  will  not  hear  of  a 
reformation  proceeding  even  fo  far  as 
they  could  really  with,  left,  in  time, 
it  (hould  go  further'  than  they  could 
wifti,  and  the  end  be  worfe  than  the 
beginning.  And  where  thei'e  are 
great  emoluments  in  a  church,  it  is 
poiTeired  of  the  ftrongeft  internal  guard 

May,  1768 


5-  _  ^  249 

a^ainft  all  innovations  whatfoever.— 
This  makes  the  fiiUition  of  fenfible  and 
confcientious  men,  in  all  eftablifti- 
ments,  truly  deplorable.  Before  I  had 
read  that  excellent  work,  iatitled  the 
Confcffional,  but  much  more  fince,  it 
has  grieved  me  to  fee  the  miferabls 
fliifts  that  fuch  pcrfons  (whether  in 
the  chuich  of  England  or  of  Scotland) 
are  obliged  to  have  lecourfc  to,  in  or- 
der to  gild  the  pill,  which  they  muft 
fwallow  or  ftarve  ;  and  to  obferve  their 
poor  contrivances,  to  conceal  th« 
chains  that  gall  them.  But  it  grieves 
one  no  Icfs,  to  lee  the  reft  o\  their 
brethren,  hugging  their  chains  and 
proud  of  them/' 

Anti-Mysticus» 

ro  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDOM 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

DOCTOR  Taylor  in  his  note  on 
Rom.  vi.  5.  fays  **  the  word 
cufA^m  fignifies  fuch  plants  as  grow 
the  one  upon  ^i\A  in  tlie  other  deriv- 
ing fap  and  noiirifhment  from  it,  at 
miftetoe  upon  the  oak  or  the  cion  up- 
on the  ftock  into  which  it  is  grafted* 
If  (fays  he)  I  might  take  the  liberty  I 
flioutd  call  them  (/.  #.  Chrift  and  his 
difciples)  growers  together.*' 

The  word  o-t/xft/ra;  occurs  only  iti 
this  verfe.  By  comparing  it  with  the 
word  a-uyi^v  }Aai  Luke  viii.  7.  the  mean- 
ing of  it  is  very  plain.  In  this  vcrfe 
it  evidently  fignifies  any  kind  of  grain 
that  after  it  is  fown  fprings  or  grows 
out  of  the  ground.  The  likenefs 
therefore  between  that  and  a  plant 
growing  out  of  the  ground  after  it  is 
planted,  is  very  apparent,  and  fl\ew8 
the  apoftle  took  the  exprcfiion  not 
from  grafting  but  planting.  This 
farther  appears  from  its  kindred  word 
<>vTi»<ii;  Madi.  XV.  13.  In  this  vtvio.  it 
is  very  apparent  the  primary  rcnfe  fig- 
nifies only  planting.  This  in  tho 
cleareft  and  moft  particular  manner 
is  exprcfl'ed  Luke  xvii.  6.  •*  If  ye  had 
faith  as  a  grain  of  mufta.d  feed,  ye 
ntight  fay  unto  this  fycamore  tree  **  Be 
thou  plucked  up  by  the  root  and  be 
thou  planted  in  the  Tea  and  it  (hould 
obey  you.'*  In  allufion  to  the  practice 
of  planting  (efpecially  in  hot  count  ies) 
the  apoftle  Paul  fays  1  Cor.  iii.  6,  7, 
8.  I  have  4)uvi(/a  planted  and  A,)  ol- 
ios watered  j  but  God  gave  the    y  aw 

I  ;  inc.eafe, 


Dr,  Prieftlefs  Ejfj^'  on  Jirjl  Principles  of  Governmsnt,  /.  1+7,  I4-2. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


250 

increafe, 
fenfe  the 
Mark  iv. 
Mark  xii. 


Letter  from  a  Nobleman  to  bis  Son. 


May 


I.  /.  made  it  grow.    In  this 

word  11  ufed  Math.  vi.  %%, 

31.    See  alfo  Math.  xxi.  3. 

I.  Luke  xiii.  6.  xvii.  6,  %%. 


ever,  as  it  has  not  yet  beta  ia  oitf 
Magazine,  we  ihall  oblige  him  and 
the  reft  of  our  purchafers  by  its  in* 
(ercion. 

Letter  from  a  much  efieemed  Noblemem 
to  hit  Son,  lubo  ivas  then  in  a  public 
CbaraBer  in  eutotber  Kingdom, 

I  Have  feldom  or  ever  written  to 
you  concerning  morality  and  reli- 
gion. Your  own  reafon,  I  am  per- 
fuaded,  has  ?iven  you  right  notions  of 
both,  they  ipeak  beft  for  themfelves  s 
but,  if  they  wanted  afliftance,  they 
have  Mr.  H.  at  hand  both  for  precept 
and  example.  To  your  own  reafon 
and  him  I  refer  you  for  the  rem^ 
iitj  I  and  (hall  here  confine  myfelf  to 
the  neceifity,  utility,  and  decency  of 
fcrupuloQdy  obferving,  the  appearances. 


XX.  J.  Agreeable  to  the  plain  figni- 
fication  of  the  word  in  thefe  texts  are 
the  words  fvw  ^fxt,  Luke  viii.  6,  S. 
Heb.  xii.  5. 

To  be  buried  with  Chrift  in  bap- 
tifm-^and  to  be  planted  together  with 
him^feem  in  the  verfe  under  conii- 
deration  fynonimous  expreiTions,  like 
Us— rifing  (with  Chrift  in  baptifm^  to 
newnefs  of  life— and  being  in  the  hke- 
nefa  of  his  rcfurreftion.— In  the  latter 
cxpreflion,  i  e.  planted  together,  per- 
haps the  apoftle  alluded  to  the  hke- 
nets  there  is  between  the  (ame  fort  of 
plants  when  fully  grown. 

That  which  will  further  fhcw  the 
apoftle  borrowed  the  expreflion  rw^/u**.    of  both  ;  when  I  fay*^the  appearance  of 
fMi  from  plantine  only  is  thisy    that    religion,  I  mean  not  that  vou  ftiould 
when  he  figuratively  adopts  that  of    take  up  a  controverfial  cudgel  againft 


grafting  to  bis  fubjett  he  makes  ufe  of 
the   word    tyXtrra-tt^m  inftead  of   cvfjt^ra 

as  Rom.  xi.  17.  19. 13.  S4.  where  only 
it  occurs. 
Upon  the  words— Buried  with  him 

i'L  f.  Chrift)  by  baptifm— >the  doftor 
ays,    •*  I  queftion  whether  we  cart 


whoever  attacks  the  {t&  to  which 
you  happen  to  belong.  This  would 
be  both  ufelefs  and  unbecoming 
your  age.  But  I  mean  that  you  (hould 
m  no  wife  feem  to  approve,  much  left 
tp  applaud,  or  encourage,  thofe  licen- 
tious notions  which  ftrike  at  all  reli* 


ccrtainly    from  this   place  infer   the  ,  gions  equally,  and  which  are  the  poor 


outward  mode  of  adrainiftering  bap- 
tifm. For,  in  the  next  verfe,  our  be- 
ine  incorporated  into  Chrift,  by  bap- 
tifm, is  alfo  denoted  by  our  being 
planted  together  in  the  likenefs  of 
his  death.  But  neither  Noah's  ark, 
nor  rhefe,  give  us  the  fame  idea  of  the 
outward  form  as  burying.^* 

From  thefe  words,  it  is  not  wholly 
improbable  that  the  do6tor  was  led 
into  the  above  interpretation  of  the 
word  tf-t/.ufurac  as  leis  favourable  to 
the  mode  of  baptifm  by  dipping,  than 
that  which  has  been  above  given  of  it. 
And  though  the  author  admits,  that 
a  burial  does  more  completely  repre- 
fent  the  mode  of  baptifm  by  dippmg, 
yet  he  cannot  but  be  of  opinion  it  is 
very  fignificantly  reprefentcd  by  plant- 
ing, f.  e,  putting  the  plants  into  the 
ground,  and  including  their  future 
growth— repre fen ts  chrrftians  as  grow- 
ers  together  with  Chrift — with  whom 
they  have  been  p^lanted  together  in 
baptifm,^  I  am,  &c. 

OUR  correfpondent    is    miftaken 
when  be  hy%  the  following  letter, 
has  never  appeared  in  print  j    how- 


tbread-bare  topics  of  half  wits  and  mi- 
nute philofophers.  Even  they  who  aro 
filly  enough  to  laugh  at  xhtSr  jokes,  are 
ftill  prudent  enough  to  diftruft  and  de« 
teft  their  charaBers^  for,  putting  mo- 
ral virtue,  in  the  bighefi,  and  religion 
in  the  loiuefi  rank,  religion  muft  ftill 
be  allowed  to  be  at  leaft  a  coUateratfecu^ 
rity  to  virtue}  and  every  prudent 
man  will  truft  two  fecurities  rather 
than  one.  Whenever  therefore  you 
fall  into  the  company  of  thofe  pre- 
tended efprits  forts,  or  of  thofe 
thou^htlefs  libertines,  who  laugh  at  all 
religion,  to  (hew  their  wit,  ordtfclaim 
it  to  complete  their  riot)  let  not  a 
word  of  your*s  intimate  the  leaft  ap» 
probation.  On  the  contrary,  exprdft 
your  diflike  by  a  filcnt  gravity,  but 
enter  not  upon  the  topic,  and  decline 
fuch  an  unprofitable,  indecent  contro- 
verfy.  Depend  upon  it  every  man  is 
the  worfe  regarded  and  the  left  truAed 
for  being  thought  to  have  no  religion  \ 
in  fpitc  of  all  the  fpccious  titles  be  may 
nfTumt  of  hjpr it  fori,  freet  tinker  or  ms* 
ral  l^hilofopber.  And  a  wife  Athcift,  if 
fuch  there  can  be,  \n*ould  pretend,  for 
hif  own  intercft  and  chai^adler  in  the 
.    '  world 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Litter  from  a  I^obkman  to  bis  Son. 


urorld,  to  have  fome  religion.  Your 
moral  character  muft  be  not  only  purr, 
but  unfufpe^^ed  t  A  very  little  fpeck 
or  blemiih  on  it  may  be  irretrievably 
prejudicial. 

There  are,  indeed»  in  the  world, 
wretches  profligate  enough  to  explode 
ill  notions  of  moral  good' and  evil ;  to 
ouintain  that  they  are  merely  local, 
and  depend  entirely  on  the  cuftoms 
and  fauiionA  of  different  countries  1 
There  are  ftill,  if  poflible,  more  unac- 
countable wretches }  I  mean  tbofe  who 
fropiigatt  fuch  abfurd  and  infamoue 
notions  without  bdii*ving  them  them- 
^ves.  Thefe  are  the  devil's  hypo- 
crites. Avoid,  as  much  as  poiTible, 
the  company  of  fucb,  who  reflet  a^ 
degree  ot  infamy  on  all  that  converfe 
with  them.  But  as  yon  may  fome* 
times  accidentally  fall  into  fuch  com- 
pany, be  very  careful  that  no  com« 
plaiiknce,  no  good  humour,  no  warmth 
of  feftal  mirth  ever  make  you  feem 
eten  to  acquiefie  in,  much  lefs  to  op" 
fUmdf  fuch  infamous  dodrines :  Nei- 
ther debate  or  enter  into  ferious  argu- 
mentation on  a  fuhjed  fo  much  be- 
neath it,  but  content  yourfelf  with 
telling  thefe  apoilles  that  you  •  know 
they  are  not  ferious,  that  you  have  a 
much  better  opinion  of  them  than 
they  leem  to  deiire  you  to  have ;  that 
you  are  fully  perfuaded  they  would 
not  pra6tife  thedodtrines  they  preach. 
«-But,  in  the  mean  time,  put  your 
•private  mark  upon  them,  and  (hun 
them  ever  afterwards.  Nothing  is  fo 
delicate  as  your  moral  character :  No- 
thing which  it  is  fo  much  your  intereft 
to  preferve  pure ;  (liould  you  be  fuf- 
peded  of  injudice,  malignity,  perfi- 
dy, lying,  &c.  all  the  ingenuity  and 
knowledge  in  the  world  will  never 
procure  yon  efteem.  It  is  true,  various 
circumltances,  Arangely  concurring, 
have  fometimes  raiitd  very  bad  men 
to  high  flations,  hut  they  have  been, 
raifed  like  criminals  to  a  pillory, 
where  their  perfons  and  crimes  being 
more  confpicuous,  are  only  the  more 
detefted,  pelted  and  infulted.  If  af- 
fe&atiou  and  oftentation  are  evrer  par- 
donable, it  is  with  refpedV  to  morality, 
though  even  there  lam  far  from  ad- 
Tifing  you  to  a  pharifaical  pomp  of 
virtue.  But  I  mufl  recommend  to  you 
a  moft  fcrupuious  tcndernefs  for  your 
moral  chara^er,  and  the  utmoft  care 
jiot  to  fay,  or  do  the  leaft  thing  that 


25' 

may  ever  (o  (lightly  taint  it.  Shew 
yourfelf  on  all  occaiions  the  ad'vo^ 
eate,  the  friend^  bbt  not  the  bulfy  of 
virtue.  Colonel  Chartres,  who,  I  be- 
lieve, was  one  of  the  moft  notorious 
blafled  rafcals  that  ever  lived,  and 
who  had,  by  all  forts  of  crimes,  amalT- 
ed  immenfe  wealth,  was  fo  miich  ac- 
quainted with  the  difadvantage  of  a 
bad  character,  that  I  heard  him  in  hit 
impudent,  profligate  manner,  fay  that, 
**  though  he  would  not  give  one  far- 
thing for  n/irtue^  he  would  give 
X 0000 1,  for  a  cbaraSier\  becaufe  he 
might  get  xoo,oool.  by  itf'  Whereaa 
he  was  fo  blafled,  that  he  had  no  longer 
an  opportunity  of  cheating  people.  Is 
it  poflible  an  boneft  man  can  negUS 
what  a  prudent  rogue  wonld  purcbg^ 
fo  deafly  f 

There  is  one  of  the  vices  above  men* 
tioned  irito  which  people  well  educated^ 
and  in  the  main  well  principled,  fome 
times  fall,  through  miftaken  notions 
of  (kill,  and  fell  defence:  I  mean 
lying:  Though  it  is  infeparably  at- 
tended with  more  lofs  and  infamy  than 
any  other.  The  prudence  and  necef- 
fity  of  often  cwading  the  truth,  infen- 
fibly  feduces  people  to  i/iolaU  it.  It  is 
the  only  art  of  a  mean  capacity,  and 
the  only  refuge  of  mean  fpirits.  CoH" 
ualing  the  truth  may  oft^n  he  innocent, 
but  ^ing  on  an^  occafion  'nJooUJb  and 
infamous^  I  will  ftate  you  a  cafe  in 
your  own  department  — fuppofe  you 
are  employed  in  a  public  chara6ler  at  a 
foreign  court,  and  the  minifter  of  that 
court  is  abfurd  or  impertinent  enough 
toaikyou,  whatyourinftru6tionsare  ? 
Will  you  tell  him  a  lie,  which,  as 
foon  as  difcovered,  as  it  certainly  will 
be,  muft  deftroy  your  credit,  blaft 
your  chamber,  and  render  you  ufeleis 
there  ?  No  :  Will  you  tell  him  the 
truth  then,  and  betray  your  truftl 
certainly,  no:  But  you  will  anfwer 
with  firmnefs,  that  you  are  furprized 
at  fuch  a  queflion,  that  you  are  per- 
fuaded he  does  not  expe^  an  anfwer 
to  it,  but  that,  at  all  events,  he  cer- 
tainly will  not  ba'veofiti  fuch  an  anfwer 
will  give  him  confidence  in  you,  and 
a  good  opinion  of  your  veracity  5  of 
which  opinion  you  may  afterwards 
make  very  honeft  and  fair  advantage. 
But,  if  in  negotiations  you  are  once 
regarded  as  a  lyar  and  trickfter,  no 
confidence  will  be  placed  in  you, 
nothing  will  be  communicated  to  yon. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


252  L  Y  iNo  Con 

•nd  you  will  He  in  the  fituation  of  a 
criminal  who  has  be^n  burnt  in  the 
check,  and  who,  from  that  mark, 
cannot  afterwards  get  an  honed  lively- 
hood  if  he  would,  but  muft  continue 
a  thief.  Lord  Bacon  very  jaftW  dif- 
tingui  flies  ^«/tf//o»  from  diJ/wtulatioHf 
and  allows  the  lalter  rather  than  the 
former \  but  ftill  obff rves  that  they  arc 
the  weaker  fort  of  politicians  who  have 
recourfe  to  either,  a  man  who  has 
real  ftrength  of  mind  wants  neither  of 
them  )  and  certainly,  favs  he,  the 
ablcft  men  that  ever  were  have  all  had 
an  opcnnefsand  franknefs  of  dealing, 
and  a  name  of  certainty  and  veracity  i 
But  then  they  w€re  like  horfes  well 
managed  t  for  they  could  tell  pafling 
vfell  v^hen  to  ftop  or  turn  j  and  at  fuch 
times,  when  they  thought  the  cafe  in- 
deed required  difliihulation,  if  then 
they  ufcd  it,  it  came  to  pafs  that  the 
former  opinion  fpr^ad  abroa«4x)f  their 
good  faith  and  ciearnefs  of  dealing 
made  them  almoft  invidhle  or  undii- 
covcr^ble.— (Bicon*s  E/l^y  on  Simu- 
lation and  Dilfimul3tion)--^ome  in- 
dulge thcmfrlves  irt  a  fort  of  lying, 
which  they  reckon  innocent,  and 
vhich  indeed,  in  one  refpe<5>,  is  fo; 
for  it  hurts  no  One  but  thcmfelves. 
This  fort  of  lying  is  the  contemptible 
Offspring  of  vanity  and  folly.  Thefe 
people  deal  in  the  mar'veUaus^  they 
have  (tti\  fome  things  that  never 
cxifled,  they  pretend  to  have  lieen 
other  things  which  may  exift,  but 
xwhich  they  never  faw,  only  they 
thought  them  nvorih  feeing.  Has  anv 
thing  remarkable  been  done  or  faid 
in  any  place,  or  company  ?  They  are 
fmmediately  prefcnt  and  declare  them- 
elres  eye,  or  ear,  witnefles  of  it. 
They  have"  done  feats  unattcmpted, 
or  at  Icralt  unperformed,  by  others, 
they  are  always  the  heroes  of  their  own 
fables,  and  think  that  thty  thereby 
gain  confideramrty  or  at  Icaft  frefent  at- 
ienticn:  Whereas  in  truth  all  ihey 
gain  is  >7.//r«//?  and  contempt  '^r\QX  with- 
out much  dt  rufi.  For  wc  i easily  fup- 
pofe  that  he  ^ho  will  tell  a  lye  from 
idlM  <vanlty\  will  hardly  fcruple  to  tell 
a  greater  for  inter  eft.  '  H.ui  I  really 
fecn  any  thing  To  very  extraordinary 
jfts  to  be  aimed  incredibl-,  1  wovJd 
Jceep  it  to  myfelf  rather  than,  bv  tell- 
Jj^S  ^^  S-y?  ^5*y  ^^^  room  to  doubt, 
put  fvr  ojvc  mmute,  my  veracity.  Cer- 
'  *  ' ;  '1I4C  reputation  of  chufiUj  is  not 


TEMPTIBLE.  Ma/ 

fo  neccflary  for  a  ivomatiy  at  that  of 
veracity  is  for  a  man  :  and  with  rca- 
fon  :  For  a  woman  may  be  virtuous 
(notwithftanding  the  common  accep- 
tation of  the  word  implies  otherwilt) 
though  not  ftri^ly  chafic\  but  a  man 
cannot  be  fo,  without  drift  veracity. 
The  (lips  of  a  woman  are  fometimcs 
frailties  merely  of  the  bodily  conflitutio/t,' 
but  a  lie  in  a  man  is  a  vice  of  the  mind 
and  heart.  For  God's  fake  !  fcrupu- 
loufly  guard  the  purity  of  your  moral 
charafter:  Keep  it  unblemiflied  and 
it  will  be  unfufpefted.  Calumny 
fcarce  ever  attacks  where  fhcre  are  no 
weak  places  i  it  magnifies,  but  feltlom 
or  ever  creates*  Whtn  I  fo  earneftly 
recommend  to  you  this  purity  of  cha- 
rafter,  I  no  more  expeft,  or  indeed* 
with,  you,  at  your  age,  to  be  a  Cat^ 
than  a  Clodtus.  Be,  and  be  reckoned, 
a  man  of  picafure  as  well  as  of  bufmefs, 
enjoy  your  happy  time  of  life  :  Shine 
in  the  pleafutes  and  ct)mfany  of  people 
of  your  age.  This  is  all  to  be  done 
without  the  leaft  taint  to  the  purity  of 
yourjnoral  charafter:  For  thofc  mif^ 
taken  young  fellows,  who  think  to 
fhine  by  immoral  or  impious  licenti- 
oufnefs,  fhine  only,  from  their  (link-* 
ing,  like  corrupted  flefh,  in  the  dark  : 
Without  this  puWty  you  can  have  no 
dignity  of  charafter,  nor  have  you  any 
chance  of  rifing  honourably  in  the 
world  5  you  muft  be  refpeBahU  to  b^ 
refpeSed.  I  have  known  people  fiat^ 
tern  away  their  charafter,  without 
re :x\\y  polluting  it- i  and,  inconfequenco 
thereof,  they  have  become  innoceiuly 
contemptible  5  their  merit  has  been 
dimmed,  their  prctenfions  unregarded, 
all  their  vie^ys  of  promoting  therofelvet 
defeated.  Charafters  muft  be  kept 
irigljt  as  well  as  ciean ;  content  not 
yourfelf  with  medioctity.  In  purity 
of  charafter  and  politenefs  of  manners* 
labour,  my  fon,  to  excell  aU,  if  you 
wiih  to  equal  any  * 

Adieu  \ 

Tq     the     PRINTER,    fcfr. 

WHATEVER  may  have  beeit 
the  intention  of  the  freqnent 
infertions  in  the  public  papers  ot  in- 
flammatory paragraphs,  rcfpcfting  the 
jjrefent  (late  of  com  in  tftis  metropo- 
lis, a  continuance  of  that  praftice  can- 
not but  tend  to  augment  a  diftrcTs; 
which  feems  unavoidably  hnlUning 
upon  this  kingdom,  and  which  might 

be 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


A  Salutary  Hint. 


253 


be  in  fome  meafure  prevented  but  for 
fach  ridiculous,  fuch  wicked  endea- 
vours, to  ftimulatc  the  lower  clafs  of 
people  to  every  aft  of  violence.  At  a 
tine  like  the  prefent,  in  which  a  ge- 
neral and  moft  remarkable  want  of 
corn  obtains  in  moft  of  the  countries 
of  the  world,  and  particularly  in  that 
of  Great  Britain,  to  wha^  good  pur- 
pofc  can  it  be  fuppofed  the  infertion 
of  fuch  abominable  mifreprcfentations 
of  truth  can  operate? 

By  thefe  the  public  are  almoft  daily 
aflured,  that  large  quantities  of  corn 
have  arrived  here;  arrived  indeed 
from  fuch  parts,  as,  in  truth,  are,  and 
have  been,  during  the  prcfenc  year, 
in  ftill  greater  wanrof  it  than  ourfelves: 
From  Spain,  from  Naples,  from  Flo- 
rence, when  thofe  communities  arc 
perifhing  from  the  want  of  it ;  from 
bantzig  and  Holland,  at  a  time  that 
thofe  ports  were  frozen  up,  and  their 
navigation  tendered  abfolutely  im- 
practicable by  the  ice. 

To  tell  a  diftrelTed  people  that  the 
granaries  ire  full  of  corn,  whiHl  the 
nioft  evident  fymptoms  of  famine  tire 
becoming  daily  confpicuous,  is  to  en- 
gage their  paflions  to  countera6l  their 
trucft  intereft,  as  to  aflfert  that  the 
prices  are  kept  up  by  art  and  manage- 
ment, is  to  advance  the  very  revcrfc 
of  truth.  The  real  faft,  Sir,  is,  thai 
hardly  any  wheat  is  left  in  the'  grana- 
ries j  and  what  is  ]ef^  became  dej>ofit- 
ed  there  hecaufe  it  arrived  heated,  and 
could  not  be  fold  till  properly  cooled, 
and  rendered  fit  for  ufe.  Every  per- 
(bn  that  hath  the  leaft  knowledge  of 
the  corn  trade  knows,  that  fo  exceed- 
ingly nice  are  the  buyers  of  that  grain, 
that  unlefs  impelled  by  the  utmoft 
want  of  the  ferfeffly  ~fine  fortfy  they 
will  not  touch,  on  anyreafonable  terms, 
th^t  which  appears  to  be  but  in  the 
fmalleft  degree  inferior.  Under  fuch 
circumftances,  an  importer  hath  no 
ether  alternative  but  to  houfe  his  corn, 
difpofe  of  it  for  perhaps  one  half  of 
its  original  coft,  or  throw  it  overboard. 
When  a  merchant  finds  himfelf  thus 
liable  to  ruin  on  one  hand,  or  on  the 
other  to  be  calumniated,  to  be  exe- 
crated as  a  border,  as  the  peft,  tlie  uni- 
verfal  enemy  of  fociety  ;  and  this  ih 
return  for  venturing  his  fortune  to  al- 
leviate the  diftrefTcs  of  his  fellow  citi- 
xens,  by  fetching  that  fupply  of  corn 
firofn  foreign  countries^  vrhich  for  wife 


and  good  purpofes  it  may  have  pleafcd 
God  to  with-hold  from  the  fertility 
of  our  own,  what  do  you  fuppofe. 
Sir,  is  likely  to  be  the  refult  of  his  re- 
flexions ?  The  refult  is  felf-evident. 
He  will  avoid,  as  the  grcateft  of  all 
evils,  any  further  engagements  in  an 
article  that  (hall  expofe  him  to  a  fitua- 
tion  fo  every  way  dreadful :  And  thus, 
by  his  difcontinuing  the  importation, 
will  the  community  be  left  exposed  to 
all  the  horrors  of  diftrefs,  augmented 
to  a  degree  of  extreme,  to  which  per- 
haps there  had  been  far  lefs  approach, 
had  he  not  been  intimidated  by  the 
villainous  arts  of  thofe,  who  under  pre- 
tence o/"  pleafing  the  ears  of  the  popu- 
lace, excite  their  oppofition  to  the  on- 
ly means  that  could  have  prcferve4 
them  from  one  of  the  greateft  of  all 
diftrefles,  even  from  the  want  of  bread. 

I  forbear  to  point  out  the  terrible 
mifchiefs  that  may  have  already  be- 
come inevitable,  from  this  wanton  and 
vtlc  abufe  of  the  public  credulity,  and 
cannot  but  hope  that  you  will  avoid 
to  be  the  inftrument  ot  continuing  % 
praflice,  which,  inourprefenticlrcum- 
ftances,  feems  big  with  evei;y  idea  of 
defolation.  A  quiet  and  peaceable  de- 
meanor of  the  lower  order  of  the  peo- 
ple, and  the  uninterrupted  freedom  of 
our  trade,  are  the  only  means  of 
avertl.ig,  in  any  degree,  a  diftrefs, 
which,  when  all  that  can  now  be  done, 
fhall  have  been  effefled,  I  fear  will, 
before  the  enfuing  harveft  is  gatlicred^ 
become  very  feverely  felt. 

If  you  conceive  this  letter  may  he  of 
ufe,  you  will  immediately  exhibit  it  to 
the  view  of  the  public,  or  otherwife 
difpoA:  of  it  as  you  think  proper. 

May  9.  Mercatoiu 

"to    the    P  R  I  N  T  E  R,     STc. 
SIR,  Briftol,  April  176% 

TH  E  paragraph  in  fome  of  the  newg 
papers,  that  it  is  reported  the 
French  will  fend  an  armv  to  fupport 
the  Genoefe  in  fubduing  the  Coificans, 
hath  ftruck  the  trading  part  of  this 
city  with  terror.  We  already  feel  the 
lofs  of  trade  by  the  French  encroach- 
ments fince  the  peace.  If  unJer  pre- 
tence of  helping  the  Genoefe,  they 
fhould  render  themfelves  mafters  oif 
Corfica,  we  muft  be  then  totally  ^ut 
out  of  the  Mediterranean  trade  s  That 
'  ifland  commands  the  coaft  of  Italy  and 
Straits  of   Bonifacio,    and  with   the 

Poru 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Remarks  on  the  State  of  the  Corficans. 


454 

Ports  of  Sicily,  now  in  the  hands  of 
the  family  contradl,  totally  locks  up 
the  paflagc  to  Turkey,  and  the  Eaft 
of  Sicily.  (Sec  the  map.  p.  118.) 
The  Corficans  arc  excellent  corfairs  5 
from  them  the  very  name  is  derived  : 
They  would  furnifh  failors,  which  the 
French  navy  want  in  time  of  war,  and 
in  time  of  peace.  Corfica  would  give 
a  great  vent  to  many  of  their  commo- 
dities, and  their  little  vefTels  be  of 
great  uft  in  conveying  the  French 
manufactures  to  the  coaft  of  Barhary, 
Italy,  and  the  Levant.  The  Corficans 
have  timber,  and  other  materials 
cheap,  and  therefore  cheap  freight. 
The  inconvenience  of  letting  that  if- 
land  fall  to  the  Trench  is  great ;  but 
it  may  be  faid,  how  can  we  hinder 
them  from  helping  their  allies  the  Ge- 
noeie  ?  Wc  anfwer,  that  by  the  treaty 
of  peace  the  French  arc  not  to  aug- 
ment their  dominions,  and  by  the 
taking  thisidand  they  do  fo. 

But  the  Frenchified  penfioner  will 
fay,  they  do  not  intend  to  take  it,  but 
only  reduce  the  rebel- fubjefts  of  the 
Genoefe  to  due  fubje6tion  to  their  fo- 
vereign,  the  ftatc  of  Genoa. — This 
is  mere  quibbling  5  Genoa  itfclf  is  in 
fubjedtion  to  France.  £0  aotthe  kings 
of  France,  even  from  antient  times,. 
<laim  Genoa  ?  Did  not  Geno«  in  the 
late  war  take  a  garrifon  from  them } 
Let  even  the  Frenchified  penfioner 
himfelf  lay  his  hand  on  his  heart,  and 
a(k  himfelf  the  queftion,  if  he  thinks, 
on  a  new  war*s  happening,  the  Ge- 
noefe would  not  again  favour  the  fa- 
mily contra6l  ?  He  muft  own,  he  can- 
not deny  that  they  would.  Nay,  in- 
deed, they  dare  not  rcfufe  a  French 
garrifon  $  but  fo  far  from  refufin^, 
*they  would  beg  one,  as  they  did  in 
the  former  war.  It  is  therefore  highly 
seceflary  to  interfere  in  time  {  but 
^our  Bourbonite  penfioner  will  cry 
aloud,  that  it  is  criminal  to  fuppoi  t 
rebels.  In  anfwer  I  fay,  I  have  not 
propofed  to  fupport  rebels,  but  only 
,to  hinder  the  French  from  augmenting 
their  too  formidable  monarchy  with 
the  ifland  of  Corfica,  which  would  in 
it^s  confequences  enable  France  to 
drive  our  fquadrons  out  of  the  Medi- 
terranean Teas. 

But  if  I  did  propofc  the  fuccouring 
the  valiant  Corficans,  I  can  juilify 
that  propofition.  No  Englifhman  can 
deny  that  fovereigns,  as  well  as  their 
fubje^s  are  bound  by  tl^  laws. 


May 

On  that  maxim  Queen  Elisabeth 
a£led  when  (he  ailifted  the  Flemings 
and  the  Hollanders ;  and  on  the  fame 
the  kines  and  parliaments  of  England 
a£ted  when  they,  by  continual  fupport 
for  near  a  century,  at  laft  enabled 
them  to  conditute  the  free  ftatc  of  the 
united  provinces  \  which  ftate  helped 
us  to  fupport  the  balance  of  Europe, 
and  maintain  our  own  liberties  frona 
French  flavery. 

Did  not  Queen  Elizabeth  aid  the 
city  of  La  Rochellc,  and  the  princes 
^gainft  the  king  of  France  ? 

Did  not  Guftavus  of  Sweden  help  the 
people  of  Dantzick  againft  the  then 
King  of  Poland  ?  ind  Dantzick  is  un- 
der the  Polifh  monarchy,  but  hath 
privileges.  Guftavus,  on  the  applica- 
tion of  the  Dantzickers,  fuccoured 
them. 

Did  not  our  late^  king,  and  the 
houfe  of  Brandenburg,  mterfere  ia 
prote6^ing  the  people  of  Thorn  again  ft 
their  fovereign  the  king,  and  republic 
of  Poland  ? 

Did  not  the  Houfe  of  Auftria  fup- 
port Saint  Remo  again  ft  thefe  very 
Genoefe,  when  they  broke  in  upoa 
their  privileges  ? 

The  French  cannot  deny,  that  it  is 
the  ufage  of  every  fovereign  power  ia 
Europe  to  interfere  in  fupport  of  the 
privileges  of  their  neighbouring  peo- 
ple«  It  is  according  to  the  law  of  na- 
ture  and  nations.  If  a  neighbouring 
prince  turns  a  limited  into  a  defpotic 
government,  it  aftedts  all  his  neigh- 
bours j  for  a  limited  monarch  cannot, 
by  his  ambition,  do  fo  much  mifcbief 
to  his  neighbours  as  when  rendered 
defpotic.  The  privileges,  apd  power 
of  his  people,  will  hinder  hn  entering 
into  oftenfive  wars ;  but  defpotic  ty- 
rants can  ufe  the  whole  force  of  their 
people,  to  the  deftru£lion  of  their 
neighbours. 

With  what  face  can  the  French  ob- 
]t&.  to  our  aififting  the  Corficans 
againft  the  Genoefe,  who  have  broke 
through  all  their  privileges,  and  all 
the  laws  of  humanity  \  when  their 
French  kings  afiTiited  the  Catallans 
againft  Philip  and  the  peoplie  of  Mcf- 
fina  i  and  the  people  of  Naples  againft 
their  undoubted  fovereigns  the  K.ings 
of  Spain  ?  The  French  alfo  affiftcd  the 
Duke  of  Braganza  to  become  King 
of  Portugal.  And  have  they  not  late- 
ly interfered  and  afilfted  the  ma^iftrates 
(whofe  term  was  expired)  againft  the 

people 


Digitized  by  Google 


1768. 

people  of  Geneva,  who  tre  the  fo- 
▼ereigns  ?     I  am.  Sir, 

Your  humble  fervant, 

An  English  Merchant, 

^Qtht  PRINTER,    ^c. 
SIR, 

OU  R  young  noblemen  and  gen- 
tlemen ^re  generally  fent  to  the 
nniverfity,  and  after  ihiying  feme 
time  there,  they  are  fent  abroad  to 
make  a  tour  of  Europe.  Suppofing 
that  every  one  of  them  it  become  a 
fcbolar  by  his  application  to  ftudy, 
yet  the  nature  of  trade  and  commerce, 
the  manufad^ures  of  various  kinds, 
and  the  prod uft  of  the  different  coun- 
ties of  the  kingdom,  are  things  which 
they  are  feldom  or  never  taught  t« 
think  of.  They  may  poffibly  know 
the  value  of  the  eftates  they  are  born 
to,  becaufe^they  have  been  told 
Ui  \  but  as  they  have  never  had  any 
caufe  to  enquire,  and  never  been  in- 
formed by  what  means,  or  in  what 
manner  it  is  produced,  without  doing 
any  injuftice  to  their  underflanding 
and  capacity,  I  dare  venture  to  fay 
that  few  of  them,  at  that  age,  can 
give  any  tolerable  account. 

In  this  manner  they  are  fent  abroad, 
ignorant  of  the  laws,  the  trade,  ma- 
nufaftures,  and  produA  of  their  own 
country.  It  is  very  improbable  that 
thofe  of  another  country  (hall  become 
the  fobjedt  of  their  inquiries,  or  that 
they  (hall  be  able  to  make  any  com- 
panions between  thofe  of  other  coun- 
tries and  their  own.  Another  fcene 
opens  itfelf  immediately  to  their  view, 
and  turns  their  attention  another  way. 
The  firft  thing  they  apply  thcmfelves 
to,  is  to  be  naturalized  as  near  as 
poilible  into  the  French  drefs,  tafte, 
and  manners  \  not  completely  mailers 
of  their  language,  they  are  in  a  man- 
ner excluded  from  the  beft  company  5 
the  ^y  and  giddy  become  their  com- 
panions, the  ladies  and  plays  their 
amufement,  and  their  time  is  wafted  in 
aroundof  pleafure  and  frivolous  trifles. 

They  fet  out  from  Pavis,  they  over- 
ron  great  part  of  the  kingdom,  they 
fee  the  towns,  rivers,  woods,  and 
mountains  as  they  pafs,  and  they  can, 
perhaps,  tell  the  diftance  of  one  town 
IroflB  another,  and  the  capital  of  every 
province.  They  run  over  Italy,  Ger- 
maoy  and  the  Low  Countries,  in 
tlie  fame  manner  i  and  fuppofing  they 
tore  feen  the  curiodties^  and  been  at 


Remarks  en  the  Slate  of  the  Corficans.  1x55 

^cry  different?  court,  in  thofe  parts  of 
Europe,  yet  the  nature  and  fpirit  of 
their  laws  and  government,  the  arts, 
manufactures,  and  produft  of  thofb 
countries,  are  (jpeculations  which  their 
age  and  divernons  forbid,  and  they 
return  home,  Engliflimen  by  name^ 
but,  in  reality,  neither  French  nor 
Englifli. 

That  the  enquiry  of  young  people 
ihould  reach  no  further  than  to  thofe 
things  which  only  employ  and  pleafe 
the  memory,  is  not  in  the  leaft  to  be 
wondered  at,  becaufe  the  multiplicity 
and  variety  of  different  objects  which 
prefent  themfelves  to  their  view,  the 
different  drefs  and  behaviour  of  fo 
many  different  people  attraft  their  at- 
tention, and  take  up  great  part  of 
their  time.  The  fmooth  and  pleafinr 
path  of  pleafure  and  amufement  which 
ever]^  place  affords,  is  infinitely  more 
inviting  to  youn^  minds,  than  fpecu* 
lations  which  lie  hid,  and  mud  be 
harrowed  up  with  time,  patience^ 
pains,  and  induftry :  Hence  it  comet 
to  pafs  that  they  are  negledted  and 
forgot.  But  that  men  of  age  and 
maturity,  who  go  fo  often  to  the  fouth 
to  mend  their  manners,  their  confti* 
tutions  and  fortunes,  ihould  not  em- 
ploy their  time  to  better  purpofe,  it 
much  more  amazing. 

Among  the  number  of  books  of  tra- 
vels which  I  fee,  few  of  them  are 
worth  reading,  but  as  I  am  much 
better  acquainted  with  every  place,  I 
lament  the  lofs  of  time  I  fpent  in 
reading  them,  as  it  ferved  to  make  me 
wonder  how  they  could  think  of  amu- 
(in?  the  publick  with  fuch  a  heap  of 
abiurdities,  and  ridiculous  nonfenfe* 
I  knew  a  mighty  doftor  of  the  church, 
who  fet  out  with  a  dcfign  to  let  no- 
thing efcape  his  attention,  and  to 
make  the  grand  tour  at  a  cheaper  rate 
than  any  had  done  before  him  ;  he  ex- 
amined all  the  markets  at  Paris  with 
great  pains,  and  knew  the  price  of 
provifions  exadtly.  He  was  like  a 
lord  at  the  tables  of  Intendants,  and 
like  a  pedlar  at  the  inns  ;  he  would  ne- 
ver eat  nor  drink  without  making  a 
fure  bargain,  nor  would  he  employ 
even-  a  fhoemakcr  without  being 
flrongly  recommended  to  him,  the 
prices  of  things  was  his  chief  enqui- 
ry, yet  he  was  ever  impofed  upon, 
and  ever  difpleafed.  He  knew  whether 
the  play-houfes  were  moft  frequented 
on  Sundays  or  Saturdays,  he  knew  al- 

ie 


Digitized  ty 


Googk 


2s6 

io  the  degree!  of  heat  and  cold,  and 
be  brought  home  a  budget  of  remarki 
to  amufe  a  parcel  of  old  women  at  a 
t«a  table. — Let  me  change  the  fcene. 

The  Spaniards  are  not  idle  and  in- 
dolent by  nature,  nor  is  their  coun*- 
try  poor  and  weak  from  a  natural 
caufe :  Where  there  is  a  profpe6t  of 
intereft.  Men  of  every  nation  will  en- 
gage in  the  purfuit ;  but  when  all  the 
9venues  toiatereil  are  barred  op,  men 
dwindle  into  indolence  and  poverty. 
The  caufe  of  this  arifei  from  the  na- 
ture of  their  governnAent,  and,  for 
the  fame  caufe,  that  <  nation  is  unac- 
tiveand  impotent.  Scotland  labour- 
«d  long  with  the  fame  difeafe ;  of  late 
3rears  induftry  and  manufa^hires  have 
fprcad  therafelves  with  furprifing  velo- 
city 5  unhappily,  taxes  opprefs  them, 
like  the  curb  of  a  mettled  horfe,  which 
fiops  him  in  btji  full  career.  The  con- 
ftitution  of  England  favoured  imluf- 
try  and.manufadlures  ;  no  nation  a- 
bounded  with  more,  nor  brought 
them  to  fo  great  perfection  :  They  arc 
opprefled  by  mifcondu^,  they  lan- 
,  guifti  and  die.  France  ftruggled  long 
with  d  faculties,  itftruggles  with  fome 
dill,  the  obftacle*  and  prejudices  are 
wcariag  off  by  dcffrces :  The  fpirit  of 
trade,  the  increaie  of  their  manufac- 
tures, the  public  works  which  (hew 
themfelves  over  all  the  kingdom,  and 
the  ftri^  attention  of  the  government 
to  all  tbefe  things,  are  manifeft  marks 
of  a  rifmg  nation  ^  they  encourage 
the  arts  we  negle6t,  they  grow  wife 
a(  our  folly,  and  they  grow  ilrong  as 
Vft  decline. 

Did  our  travellers  employ  their  time 
in  fpeculationi  of  this  kind,  it  would 
tend  more  to  their  honour  aiwl  inte- 
reft  J  could  they  learn  to  become  lefs 
luxurious  and  extravagant  by  travel- 
ling, their  attention  would  be  turned 
to  the  good  of  the  public  as  well  as 
their  own  ;  thefe  two  would  keep  equal 
pace,  and  mutually  walk  together  $  the 
fpirit  of  faction  would  ceafe,  mens  de- 
fignswould  center  in  one  point,  the  lofs 
of  our  manufadurcs,  and  depopulation 
Would  be  prevented,  profpcrity,  and 
peace  would  blefs  the  land.  But, 
when  men  bring  home  the  vanity  aud 
luxury  of  France,  and  blend  the  fol- 
lies of  other  natipns  with  tlieir  own^ 
their  minds  are  wholly  devoted  to  plea* 
fure  and  intereft  ;  tbty  are  fired  with 
ambition,  the  public  good  is  neglcv:!- 
ed,  the  cement  of  unity  is  disjointed^ 


Remarks  on  travelling. 


May 

and  tore  to*  pieces ;  there  <eems  to  be  ^ 
no  more  harmony  amongft  us,  but  that  ' 
of  a  giddy  unthinking  mob,  bentmpon 
mifchief,  who  obey  no  laws,  incapa- 
ble of  knowing  their  intereft,  devoted 
to  deftnidion,  and  ied  to  be  ilaves  by 
each  pretending  patriot,  whiKt  uni- 
verfal  confudon  threatens  to  fcourge 
the  kingdom  for  its  folly  and  vice. 
May  heaven  avert  it  fays     C  A  T  O, 

To  tbt  PRINT  E  R,  fifr.     ' 
SIR, 

THE  political  difeafe  Teems  to  be 
near  a  crifis.  I  hope  it  will  be 
cured  by  gentle  remedies,  and  that  we 
may  maturely  coufider  the  caufe  as  well 
as  the  effect.  True  valour  is  always  at- 
tended with  gencrofi^ty.  Illegal  out- 
rages are  ^dangerous ;  But  they  arc 
leflbns  of  inllrudion.  We^have  an  im- 
portant bufmefs  on  our  hands,  the  more 
familiar  the  means  by  which  it  is  ac- 
complifhed,  probably  the  more  happy 
for  us.  I  hope  the  ilorm  will  be  laid 
by  a  few  gentle  words,  and  proper' 
deeds,  of  general  mercy.  But  it  iecms 
necefDiry  to  maintain  authority  and 
peace,  to  give  arms  as  well  as  voice 
to  law,  for  unlefs  there  is  the  ability  to 
di^late,  in  a  manner  agreeable  (o  law- 
ful authority,  and  with  vigour,  at 
well  as  an  inclination  to  conlidcr  the 
l^enius  of  the  people,  and  ovcrlcok  - 
ibme  real  trefpafl'es,  1  cannot  fupprclis 
my  apprehenfions,  that  the  founda-. 
tions  of  iniquity  will  never  be  in  any 
fenfe  eradicated. 

That  many  of  the  people  labour 
under  a  real  dillrefs  on  account  of  the 
high  price  of  the  neceiTaries  of  life  is 
manifeft  beyond  contradi6tion  ;  but  it 
mud  be  confidered  that  dillrefs  and 
grievance  have  two  \tiy  different  lig- 
niBcations  ;  and  it  is  no  lefs  obvious, 
that  thofe  who  have  the  mod  virtue 
will  the  rood  eaiiljr  fubmit  to  the  diT- 
pcnfationsof  providence. 

So  far  as  the  evil  is  at  prefent  cura- 
Diet  it  mud  relate  ia  a  confideiable  d^^* 
gree  to  a  voluptuous  or  immoderaf^ 
confumption.  This  by  the  acquiiitioca 
of  wealth,  and  tiie  force  of  exam  pic,  hUt^ 
been  communicated,  from  the  afHuensi 
to  the  indigent,  fo  that  it  is  hard  'to 
fay,  which  of  them^  In  their  refpeftif^ 
dations,  are  mod  in  fault,  or  wbics 
of  them  will  mod  effeduaily  corre& 
themfelves,  in  fuch  a  manner,  ^hat;tl^  - 
pioducc  of  the  earth  may  be  fuilicieiic 
to  anfwer  the  uuc  ends  of  life. 

IF 


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t^es. 


Excellent  Observations! 


If  it  is  true  that  we  have  in  one  year*t 
tune  imported  a  million  value  of  corn, 
orirkatever  the  amount  may  be,  itmuft 
be  equally  true  that  we  are  drained  of 
to  much  of  our  riches/ 

To  zo  to  the  root  of  the  calamitous 
pntofourcircumftances  in  this  nation, 
we  muft  confider  our  education,  par- 
ticnlarijr  of  the  higheft  and  loweft 
dalles  of  the  people,  and  make  it 
more  confiftent  with  the  true  ends  of 
fovemment,  the  order  of  divine  provi- 
aence,  and  the  produ6tions  of  the 
earth.  We  muft  not  live  fo  much  up- 
on the  ftretch  of  every  iinew  of  wealth 
and  property.  As  to  the  produce  of 
labour,  properly  diftinguiihed,  the 
laborious  thmk  it  a  part  of  their 
charter  to  fpend  it,  and  they  muit  have 
thdr  will  I  but  let  them,  remember 
that  it  generally  is  ib. 

In  the  mean  time  let  us  all  learn  to 
honour  government  as  the  fourpe  of 
our  happinefs,  and  coniequently  to 
deliver  It  from  the  dangerous  fituation 
of  fiich  an  enormous  public  debt.  M 
fjus  operates  as  if  thenght|  the  power, 
and  the  authority  .were  transferred  from 
the  hands  to  whicn  it  properly  belongs, 
into  thoTe  of  individuals,  what  can 
he  the  iflbe  ?  But  it  is  not  this  only  : 
We  talk  of  our  laws  as  the  guardians 
of  our  liberty,  and  they  are  properly 
fo  when  duly  executed ;  but  can  they 
guard  it,  if  our  cuftoms  and  manners 
do  not,  co-operate  ?  Laws  with  refpe^ 
to  govemn^ent  are  what  the  foul  is  to 
the  body;  they  aninute  the  frame, 
give  it  energy  and  rationality;  But 
cuftoms  and  manners  are  with  reA^edt 
to  bws,  what  the  body  u  to  the  foul, 
and  a  poor  unfortunate  foul  it  is,  if 
the  body  be  ftruck  with  a  paify,  tor- 
tured with  the  ftone  or  cholic,  or  burn 
in  Uie  extremity  of  a  raging  fever.^ 

Thefe  are  not  tinies  for  rccrimina- 
tions^  fo  much  as  for  looking  forward 
with  aright  undetftanding ofour  fitua- 
tion, and  a  determined  refolution  to 
fubmit  to  every  meafure  which  appears 
to  be  beft  calculated  for  (he  common 
welfive,  ajid,  in  every  ambiguous  pro- 
pofition,  to  determine  on  that  fide 
whidi  Ihpn  tend  moft  to  the  eafe  and 
contentment  of  the  lower  claiTes.  At 
the  iame  time  let  the  reins  of  govern- 
ment be  in  general  held  tighter,  that 
wc  may  really  enjoy  liberty,  Icfs  ex- 
poiefJ  to  infolence  from  the  lower,  and 
sore  fccure  with  regard  to  the  over- 


^57 

weight  of  opulence,  and  examples  of 
prodigality  on  the  part  of  the  higher 
claffes.  Let  us*  eafe  our  national  in- 
cumbrances. 

Wc  muft  be  more  virtuous,  in  order 
not  to  talk  of  liberty  but  to  be  reallf  . 
free.  Whether  a  nation  groans  under 
a  monarchical  government  unlimited, 
and  the  reverfe  of  ours  1  or  whether  it 
ftruggles  under  a  democrattcal  tvran- 
ny,  or  ireoables  under  the  contufioa 
which  anarchy  hutroduces)  it  is  not 
the  names  of  ihinffs,  but  their  eflence 
and  fubftaace,  and  what  men  feel  and 
enjoy,  when  their  reafon  is  awake^ 
and  their  paflions  calm. 

On  every  great  occafion  every  oa« 
who  deferves  the  nanus  of  a  man,  hit 
mind  (hould  expand  itielf  in  propor* 
tion  to  the  greatneis  of  the  occa&on. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  of  our  ability 
to  fubdue  much  greater  events  than 
thefe  which  a  few  days  paft  have  fur- 
nifhed. 

The  word  liberty  has  been  vilely 
abuled  for  a  Ions  time  paft.  Let  us 
alter  the  phrafe  a  Tittle  and  call  it  vir* 
tui  or  inrtuous  libirfv^  and  try  if  this 
expedient  will  awal^en  what  is  great 
and  noble  in  the  human  heart,  and 
worthy  the  venerable  name  of  Brttifti 
patriotifms  whilft  it  confounds  and 
abafties  thofie  who,  under  the  name 
of  liberty,  violate  all  decency  and 
order. 

The  thoufhtlefs  part  of  mtAkind, 
particularly  the  indigent,  feem  not  to 
know  that  a  e^rtain  portion  of  mifery 
is  the  lot  of  h^fnan  nature:  They  know 
not  what  i|  p^ifing  in  the  palaces  of  th« 
great,  nor  are  they  acquainted  with 
the  corroding  cares  which  imbitter 
the  cup  of  the  volnpiuous. 

Indufti^  denizes  it*s  chief  fourct 
from  indigence:  Whilft  the  peculiar 
benignity,  which  our  parochial  laws 
aftbrds  the  poor,  is  oftentimes  the  ft- 
cret  caufe  of  their  hnprovidency. 

Let  us  all  coniider  that  we  are  only 
born  to  die,  except  that  virtue  is  our 
fupreme  felicity  $  and  that  the  ftiort 
fpan  of  life  is  given  us  as  a  trial  of  our 
truth  and  conftancy^  and  humble  obe- 
dience to  the  Gthi-  that  m^de  uu 
Some  power  of  confideration  remainr 
amongft  us :  We  are  not  become  ty« 
gers  nor  lions  $  and  if  we  werei  wc 
fiiould  not  devour  our  own  fpttfta. 
Let  us  confider  that  life  and  death  iun 
things  indilferent  |  but  ai  they  lead  oa 
,^^  to 


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PaRLIAMKNTARV  PROCfeEDlHGd 


to  fiftory  over  the  world,  artd  obtaiii 
the  glonout  immortality  promifed  to 
the  true  lovers  of  virtue  and  liberty. 

I  have  only  to  add,  that  if  we  are 
yet  to  be  tried,  and  are  not  become 
a  devoted  people  j  if  we  will  havfe  a  full 
Kcence  of  faying  what  we  pleafe,  of 
whom  we  pleafe,  and  of  teaching  the 
people  every  thing  they  fhoold  not,  U 
well  at  every  thing  they  fliotild  learn  j 
let  every  publifhcr  of  a  newi-paper  or 
pamphlet  be  obliged  to  give  up  th^ 
name  of  his  author  either  to  the  public 
in  general,  or  to  an  Officer  appointed 
by  authority  of  the  laws.  If  fhcy  (ajr 
nothing  they  are  afhamed  of,  why 
Ihould  they  conceal  their  names  r  and 
if  this  (hould  prove  fome  detriment  to 
the  caufe  of  liberty,  in  one  view,  will  it 
not  be  attended  with  advantages,  to 
the  very  exiftencc  of  the  people  with 
regard  to  their  civil  and  religious 
riehts  ?  Shall  we  be  undone  for  fear 
of  being  undone  f  If  we  go  fo  often  to 
the  precipice  of  liberty,  we  (hall  furely 
tumble  head-long  into  flavetyl  Are 
not  the  people  continually  amuied  and 
deceived  with  fopbiftry  and  falfehood; 
And  under  a  notion  of  entertaining 
them  with  neftar,  do  we  not  prefent 
them  with  a  poifoned  cup,  and  drive 
them  into  madne(^  ? 

Writers  of  the  fM  erudition,  at 
well  at  the  illiterate,  point  out  the 
nectflity  of  fome  mode  of  re|;uhiting 
the  prefs  by  the  freedom  which  they 
have  taken  with  the  other  people*i 
names,  to  a  degree  that  ^uft  be  highly 
^ffenfive  to  all  honeft,  judicious  and 
confiderate  men.  I  (ay  thir  from  the 
deepeft  convi^on  of  my  heart,  not  to 
open  avenues  to  (laveiy }  bur  wifhing, 
It  providence  hath  fo  determined,  to* 
end  my  life  in  defending  the  minuteft 
pals,  where  inroads  are  fo  often  made 
on  real  and  iiibfbintial  liberty;  and 
whereby  1  fee  the  fafety  of  my  Jf^Ufw 
fubjedbs,  and  the  glory  of  my  country, 
enoangered  to  a  degree  more 'fright- 
ful to  my  apprehenfions,  than  any  evil 
which  can  poilibly  arife  from  fo  falutary 
«  regulation.  I  fay  it  from  obferva- 
tion  on  the  gradations  of  defamation, 
and  theinfofence  of  the  profligate  and 
aband^d,  particuhrly  for  thefe  fix 
or  fcven  years  paft,  in  which  we  have 
feen  fuch  volumes  of  indigefted  con- 
ceiu,  and  many  mifi^prefentations  fo 
abominably  grofs,  that  no  free  coAfti* 
tadon  can  mmd  up  viidar  fudi  treats 
S 


May 

liient$  tiorany  peop1e>  prepoflefled  ai 
we  generally  are,  avoid  the  contagioui 
effe&s,  or  mbmit  to  any  order  or  any 
difclpline. 

Indeed,  fir,  I  fear  the  pretended 
means  of  Aipporting  our  freedom  will» 
HI  the  ififue,  prove  a  mortal  ftab  to  out 
liberty.  How  can  liberty  ftand  with- 
out  vtrtue  ?  or  how  can  a  daring  peo- 
ple be  virtuous  who  are  led  on  b^  fo 
many  arts  and  contrivances  to  believe 
things  the  moft  monfhroiis  and  incre«* 
dible,  and  under  the  tutelage  of  their 
learned  inftrudors  to  trample  on  the 
moft  (acred  regards,  and  untie  all 
the  bands  of  government? 
Your's, 

May  It.  J*  H. 

Dublin,  April  ^%. 

THE  following  meffage  from  hii 
exctllency  the  lord  lieutenant^ 
has  been  laid  hefore  the  honourable 
houfe  of  commons. 

^«  TOWNSHEND. 

*•  Gentlemen, 

*'  I  am  commanded  by  his  mafMly  to 
inform  you,  that  the. public  fervice  of 
his  majefty*t  kingdoms  requiring  that 
(bme  part  of  the  troops  kept  on  the 
eftablifhment  of  Ireland  fiiould  be  em« 
ployed  towards  the  neceflary  defence 
of  his  majeftv^s  ^rrifons  and  planta-* 
tions  abroad  $  and  that,  as  it  may  be 
expedient  that  a  number  of  troopt« 
not  lefsthan  iiooo  men,  commifiioned 
and  non-commiflioned  officers  includ- 
ed, (hould  be  kept  within  this  king* 
dom,  for  the  better  defence  of  the 
iame,  exclufivt  of  fuch  regiments  on 
this  eftablifhment,  as  are  or  may  be^ 
employed  in  his  majelly*s  faid  f^r^ 
rifons  and  plantations;  bis  ma|efty 
thinks  it  necefTary  that  his  army,  on 
this  eftabli(hment,  (hould  be  aug- 
mented to  15235  men  in  the  whole}, 
of  which  number  it  his  maje((y*s  in- 
tention that  as  far  as  is  confident  with 
(hcb  a  defence  as  the  fafety  of  both 
kingdoms,  in  cafe  of  any  fudden  or 
extraordinary  emergency,  may  require, 
a  number  of  troops  not  lefs  than  iiooe 
men,  commiflioned  and  non-com- 
miflioned  officers  Included,  (hall  be 
kept  within  this  kingdom,  for  the' 
better  defence  of  the  fame.  And  hit 
majefty  having  the  firmeft  xeliance  on 
the  known  loyalty  and  affe^ion  of  hit 
faithful  commons,  cannot  entertain 
the  leaft  doubt  but  they  will  cbear- 

fuhy 


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fully  toncnr  in  proridlng  for  a  mea- 
fure  calculated  to  maintain  the  ho- 
nour and  dignity  of  his  crown  i  to 
.promote  the  publick  fenrice  j  and  to 
^dd  ftrength  to  his  army  in  this  king- 
dom,  which  hat  hitherto  been  (b 
much  weakened  by  frequent  draught- 
ing. 

I  have  ordered  a  plan  and  eftimate 
of  the  charge  which  will  be  incurred 
Viy  this  augmentation,  formed  with 
as  much  preciiion  as  poiible,  to  be 
laid  before  you  ;  and  you  may  be  af- 
fured,  that  particular  care  fhall  be 
taken  that  this  fervice  (hall  be  per- 
formed with  the  utmoil  ceconomy  } 
and  that,  of  the  fums  which  (hall  be 
granted,  no  greater  part  fhall  be  raifed 
than  (hall  appear  to  be  abfolutely  ne* 
CcfTary  for  the  purpofe. 

Political  intelligence  Extraordinary, 

APPLICATION  having  been  made, 
in  a  neighbouring-kingdom,  for 
an  au|;mentation  of  the  troops  on  that 
eftabhfhracnt,  this  caufed  an  enquiry 
there,  how  tlie  money  heretofore 
granted  for  the  payment  of  the  troopt 
bad  been  expended,  when  it  appearing, 
that,  for  the  two  laft  years,  the  an- 
nual charge  of  the  msitary  in  that 
kingdom  had  been, very  confidcrably 
increafe  J,  notwithftanding  the  number 
of  effcftivc  men  to  be  fupportcd  was 
the  lame,  and  that  there  had  even 
been  a  confidcrabJc  deficiency  in  the 
number  of  effcdlive  men  in  thofe  two 
years  \  warm  debates  enfued,  and 
many  chief  officers,  conGderlne  them- 
selves as  no  longer  members  tor  life, 
were  on  the  fide  oppoiite  to  govern- 
meutj  whereby  the .  bill  for  the  aug- 
mentation was  reje^led,  the  firll  day, 
by  a  majority  of  one  i  the  fecond,  by 
%  majority  of  four. 

One  thing  very  remarkable  appeared 
alfo  in  the  report  of  the  committee, 
which  was  publifhed  on  this  occafion, 
vi«.  that  in  the  year  1700  there  were 
twenty-pvi  regiments  only  of  cavalry 
and  infantry  upon  the  eftablifhmenc, 
which  contained  neverthelefa  twelve 
thoufand  men  \  but  that  the  prefent 
eftablifhment,  though  containing  no 
greater  number  of  men,  confiits  of- 
firtj'two  regiments,  which  exceeds  the 
cftablifhment  of  1700  by/ev^ttteen  r/- 
ginuttts,  and  is  more  by  foe  regimetrts, 
Chan  wac  ever  before  kept  up  in  that 
luQgdoOi  in  time  of  peace*    Thii.  ia 


I N     I  R  X  L  A  K  or  f  59 

the  firft  fruit  derived  from  o&enniaJ 
parliaments  in  that  kingdom,  which  it 


IS  hoped  may  be  deemed  an  additional 
argument,  both  there  and  here»  for 
abridging  even  that  term.  The  whole 
of  the  money  funk  on  this  occafioa 
cannot  well  be  efUnuted. 

Defcriptian  of  Mr.  Hamilton*s  ornanun^ 
tal  Park,  at  Cobham  in  Surry.  From 
the  Six  Weeks  Tour,  &c.  (See  p. 
193.) 

PASSING  from  the  houfe,  and  a 
few  winding  (hrubbenes,  which 
are  parted  from  Uie  park  by  net-work^ 
and  in  which  the  green-houfe  is  fitu- 
ated  ;  we  were  condu£bed  through  the 
park  to  another  inclofed  plantation^ 
which  has  an  agreeable  walk,  cona* 
manding  a  pretty  .valley,  through  a 
winding  row  of  fir  trees,  and  at  the 
fummit  of  a  bank,  which  is  planted 
with  vines;  the  produce  of  which 
laft  vintage,  was  three  half  hogfheadt 
of  wine.  This  walk  leads  to  the  Go- 
thic temple }  an  open  building,  which 
looks  immediately  upon  a  large  piece 
x>f  water,  with  a  handfome  bridge 
thrown  over  an  arm  of  itt  As  the 
temple  is  upon  a  ridng  ground,  and 
looks  down  upon  the  water,  the  beauty 
of  the  fcene  is  greatly  increafed.  Ia 
point  of  lightne&,  few  buildings  ex- 
ceed this  temple.  From  thence  w« 
wind  through  a  frefh  walk,  near  ano* 
ther  part  of  the  water,  crofs  a  bridge^ 
formed,  to  appearance,  of  rocks  and 
foffils ;  and  turning  down,  to  the  right» 
find  that  this  bridge  is  the  covering  of 
a  moft  beautiful  arotto,  as  well  as  the 
water ;  for  immediately  under  it,  is  a 
large  incruHation  of  toflils;  and  fpar 
hangin|f  every  where  like  ificles  from 
the  cieling  has  a  mod  pleafing  effed. 
On  each  fide  the  water.is  a  finall  path, 
parted  from  the  ((ream  by  marine 
foffils  t  nothing  can  have  a  more  ele- 
gant e£fe£b  than  the  cieling  of  thia 
grotto,  (in  which  is  ftuck,  with 
^reat  tafle,  a  profufion  of  /par)  hang- 
ing over  the  water,  as  if  of  a  kindred* 
but  congealed  nature.  From  thia 
grotto,  the  walk  leads,  on  the  fide  of 
the  water,  to  a  ruined  arch,  in  a  juft 
tafte  t  The  teflelated  pavements ;  the 
mofaic'd  ceiling  {  and  the  bafTo  and 
alto  reMeTO*s,  which  are  let  into  the 
the  wall,  are  all  in  an  exceeding  good 
tafte,  in  decay ;  the  fymptoms  of 
which  are  cxceUcatly  imiuted »  with 

weeds 


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26o 

weeds  growing  from  the  ruined  partt» 
«nd  all  tlie  odier  marks  of  antiquity. 
Through  the  arch*  the  riTer  apjpeart 
winding  in  a  proper  manner  \  that  is, 
dark  and  gloomy,  around  a  rough 
piece  of  grafs,  which  has  a  coniiftent 
appearance.  But  what  hurt  me  yery 
nuchy  was  the  contradi^on  of  emo- 
tions, raifed  by  the  fcene  behind  i 
which  was  totally  different  from  that 
of  the  ruin  $  elegant  and  apeeable  {  a 
fmooth  W4ter>  and  floping  banks, 
clofely  (haven,  with  a  little  iiland  in  it, 
»re  all  agreeable  objeds  {  and  by  no 
means  afte&  the  fpedtator  in  uniibn 
with  the  ruin  of  Creciam  architc6iure, 
and  the  gloomy  objeds  around. 

The  cafcade,  which  is  the  next  ob- 
ject th^it  appears,  is,  though  trifling, 
txk  a  very  ju(t  taftc.    The  water  gufhes 
in  fiv<  or  £«  ftreams,  on:  of  tutts  of 
weeds,  growisE  in  the  rock  {   realty 
in  the  ^oryt  ti^e  of  nature  \  over  it 
bends  the  trmik  of  an  old  oak,  from 
fide  to  fide,  which  has  an  exceeding 
good  tSth.  i  and  the  trees  rifing  to  a 
great  height  above  all,    iinifhes  the 
icene  very  completely.  This  caftadeis 
fed  by  a  wheel,  which  lifts  tlie  water 
from  the  river,  which  falling  in  the  caf. 
cade,  keeps  up  the  lake  already  men- 
tioned.    From  heiice   we  proceeded 
through  a  pitc«  of  \9riid  gaounJ,  over- 
run with  bpakea  androbbifli,  through 
•  fcoop  or  hollow,   bounded  by  hisn 
£rs  on  each  iidc  i  and  in  which  the 
tower  (anothtr  ornamental  building) 
appears  with  every  pleafln|^  e^A,  to 
other    darkjev    wadks,    quite   clo^d, 
which  lead  to  the  hermitage  ;  we  en* 
tcredintee  fmaU4-oom,  nearly  dark} 
and  on  thf  opening  of  a  door  oott)f  it 
into    the    hermit*s  purloar,    another 
room.    The  windows-  prefent  a  v^y 
beautiful  fcene,  for  you  look  imme- 
diately down^  upon  th«  river,  wittHing 
rouocl  fome  cultivated  fields,  with  m 
yr^ty   good    profpe£^   bpunding   the 
whole,    fiut  1    would  obfcrve,    that 
this  landibape  beiog  of  nearly  the  &me 
Dature  with  many  of  thofe  at  Pe^sfield, 
figured  pooi'ly  on  comparifon  |  for  the 
depth  of  the  de&:eiK,  is  not  near  eq'iial 
to  thofe  Yait  ones  of  Mri  Morns?s, 
which  circumfti»i}ce  takes  greatly  from 
the  pi^urei^ue  appearance  t  and  the 
river  is  toa  narrow^  and  not  feen  di- 
l^in^y    enough}    the    wood    which 
fro^s  on  it|  b^jiksy  apd  the  breaks 


A  fine  Park  defer  ibid. 


May 


under  the  hermitage  window,  almoft 
hide  it;  nor  are  the  fields  overlooked* 
half  fo  diftin^l  and  beautiful,  as  thofii 
in  the  valley  at  l^ersfield  * }  but  not- 
withftanding  this  'companion,  the 
view  will  appear  exceedingly  beautiful, 
to  thofe  who  never  faw  Pcrsfield,  and 
pMtty  to  thofe  who  hate ;  the  com* 
ing  upon  it,  by  fuddenly  opening' the 
door  between  the  hermit's  rooms,  ii 
contrived  with  more  tafte  than  Mr. 
Mori-is's. 

The  tower  is  the  next  building  r 
From  it  is  feen  a  very  fine  profpeCt  i 
St.  Paul's  cathedraland  Windfor  caftle, 
being  twb  among  many  other  objects 
feen  from  it }  but  the  temple  of  Bac- 
chus next  feen,  it  infinitely  beyond 
it.  It  conftfts  of  one  handfome  room, 
elegantly  ituccoed;  with  a  portico  of 
Corinthian  pillars,  in  an  elegant  and 
beautiful  lafte  :  in  niches,  under  the 
poiticr),  are  four  copies  in  plailter, 
from  ceiftbr^ted  (latuesi  the  Venus  de 
Medicis,  and  Ventis  with  finehaunchet* 
making  two  and  both  good.  Around 
the  room,  are  antique  R$matt  liatiies, 
on  handfome pedeftals,  andin  tnemid-^ 
die  a  colofl'al  one,  of  Bacchus.  From 
hence  another  winding  walk  leads  you 
out  of  the  park. 

On  the  whole,  Mr.  Hamilton's, 
though  by  no  means  equal  in  the  fv^ 
blime,  to  the  amnzing  obje6b  at  Pert- 
field,  yet  is  certainly  a  rcry  beautiful 
place,  and  particularly  complete,  in 
refpe^  of  buildings,  in  which  the 
other  is  deficient  1  nor  does  Perffield, 
in  point  of  beauty  of  water,  by  any 
means  equal  it :  In  ^  word,  Cobham 
is  the  range  of  beauty ;  but  Persfieldy 
Aiperiorly  fuBlime.  The  latter  is  ai 
much  wanting  in  lively  and  agreeable 
buildings,  at  the  former  is  in  the  fu- 
biime,  and  unornamented  torches  of 
nature. 

Defiripim   rf  Wantead  hwfB^  from 
tbifme. 

IN  mv  wav  back  to   the  great  Efleif 
road,  I  Ropped  and  viewed  Wan- 


ftead  houfe,  the  feat  of  the  Carl  TiU 
ney,  which  is  a  very  magnificent  pa^ 
lace.  It  is  built  of  Portland  ftonc, 
witKa  very  grand  portico  in  thecenter, 
fupported  by  large  Corinthian  pillars  $ 
uncferwhioh  is  the  landing  place,  from 
a  double  ftair-cafe,  which  leads  to  the 
grapd  ball.    Thiiroomis  fifty  >  three 

-     fe<^ 


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1768. 


Defcripim  #/ Wanftcad-Houfc. 


feel  lon^f  by  forty  five  broad )  the  or- 
naments confift  chiefly  of  two  lam 
antiqiie  ftatuei,  on  marble  pedeftau, 
Uvia  and  Domitian ;  and  three  large 


25ir 

marble  and  c!egaiit;  maible  ubWt 
fine.  Next  came  the  &loon,  thirty 
rqoare}  chimiiey«piece  white  niar^e 
and  pretty }  then  another  dining-room 


p^res  by  Cafali,  CorioUnut^  Por-  forty  by  twenty-feven,  omamentecl 
lenna,  and  Pomp^  taking  leave  of  hia  by  three  large  pi6luret9  by  Cafali :  A* 
family.    Thefe  pieces  are  not  in  that    lexander  direding    Apeltes  to  paint 


Diafter*s  beft  manner  j  the  colours  are 
too  tawdry  j  nor  is  the  beauty  and 
delicacy  of  the  female  figures  equal  to 
many  I  have  feen  by  that  painter. 
The  door- cafes  of  this  room  are  plain, 
but  tittle  carved }  but  in  a  good  ityle. 
The  chimney-piece  heavy. 

From  the  hall,  we  were  conduced 
to  the    left,   into   a  dining-room  of 
twenty- f«ven  feet  fquare  j  out  of  that 
into  a  drawing-room  of  the  fame  di- 
meofions;    from    that    into    a    bed- 
.   chamber  of  twenty-four   by  twenty, 
'  and  through  that  into  two  light  clofets: 
Thefe  rooms  form  the  front  line  to 
the  left  of  the  hall.    There  is  nothing 
remarkable  in  their  furniture  ;  but  I 
fbferved,    ^mong  other  modem  pic- 
tures, that  of  a  Tuikifh  lady,  which 
)  pleafed  me.    You  will  excufc  megiv- 
m^  you   my  cricicifm  ;  J  am  no  con- 
Aoifieur  in   paintings,  and  may  be  (b 
Gothic  ai  ro  praifc  n  piece  by  a  modern 
artift.    wnen   an  anueut  one   hangs 
by  it. 
<rhe    fuite  of  apartments,    to  the 
>  right  of  the  hall,   confifts  of  fir(t,   A 
dining-room,  twenty-five  fquare  $  then 
a  drawing  room,   thirtjf  by  twenty- 
five.      The    chimney-piece    in    this 
room  is  elegant ,  an  eagle  taking  up 
4  fhake,  in  white  marble,  is  let  into 
the    center    of  It.    The    next  is   a 
bod-chamber,  twenty -tive  by  twenty- 
two;  and  outofrhat  we  entered  the 
ball-ro«m,    which    runs    the    whole 
breadth  of  the  houfe,    and  connects 
the  front  line  of  apartments  with  the 
back  fuite.     This  room  is    feventy- 
five  by  twenty -fevcn  j  very  elegantly 
fitted   up  with  giMed    ornam^entt  of 
all  kinds.     But  I  (hoold  remark,  that 
the  gilding  being  all  on  brown,  is  by- 
no  means  let  oflf  with  fuch  iuitre  an4 
brilliancy,  as  that  at  H  ^kam, 

From  the  ball-room»  turning  to  the 
back  fuite,  we  entered  an-^rhcrftatc 
bed- chamber^  twci!fy-f<iy':n  hy  twen- 
ty-two. From  that  into  i  drc/Iiiijj- 
rooni*    tfftnty-feven   by  twenty-five i 


Campafpe,  who  is  fitting  naked  in  a 
chair,    is  beautifnl,   the  naked  weQ 
coloured,   and  the  whole  figure  en- 
ticing} but  there  is  a  ftralige  fwell- 
ing  in  her  thigh.    The  next  piece  is 
the  continence  of  Scipio  3  a  poor  one  | 
the  lady  is  by  no  means  tempting, 
nor  has  Scipio  any  thing  the  leai  cha> 
radteriftic  in  his  countenance.    Sopho* 
niiba  taking  poifon,  is  the  third j  (he  is  an 
infipid  figure,  and  takes  the  poifon,  aa 
file  would  pluck  a  rofe  j  but  without  any 
of  that  noble  heroifm  of  foul,  wfaicb 
fpeaks  a  contempt  of  the  fear  of  death* 
The  cok>un  in  all  theCe  pieces  are  totf 
glaring.    From  this  room  we  entered 
a  drawing  one,  twenty-feven  fquare  { 
then  another   bed-chamber,    twenty* 
feven  by  twenty-one  |  very   elegantly 
hung  with^crimfon  velvet;  b^  the 
fame,  and  lined  with  an  Indian  fattin^ 
white,  trailed  with  coloured  towers. 
Lafiiy,     a    drefiing-room,    twenty- 
fix    by   eighteen  j   ornaments,  rich« 
ly  gilt.    The  fuite  of  roomt  on  ei« 
ther  fide,  is,  in  the  whole,  t6o  feet. 
Under  the  ball  isavery  noble  arcade; 
out  of  which  is  a  common  dining  par- 
lour,   forty    by  thirty-five ;   out   of 
which  we  entered  a  break^ft-room^ 
thirty  by  twenty-five  ;  elegant  indeed. 
Prints  pafted   on  a  buff  (pale  yellow 
coloured)  paper,  with  engraved  bor- 
ders; and  all  difpofed  in  a  manner 
which  difplays  great  tafte.     The  printa 
are  of  the  very  beft  ma^rs,  smd  the 
ornaments  elegant.— I  cannot   help- 
preferring  the  taile  of  this  nxim  t« 
Lady   Townfiiend*s  dreflfng<<room  a* 
bove  mentioned  •- 

Wanftead,  upon  the  whole,  ia  one 
of  the  nobleft  houfcs  in  England.  The 
magnificence  of  havins  four  ftatt  bed- 
chambers, with  complete  apartments 
to  them ;  and  the  balUroom  are  fo- 
perior  to  any  thing  of  the  kind  in 
Houghton.  Holkam,  Blenheim,  or 
Wikon  :  But  each  of  thofe  houfes  are 
fuperior  to  this  in  ether  particulars ; 
and  to  form  a  complete  palace,  fomfe^ 


then    into  an  aat^h^bar»   forty  by     thing  rouft  be  taken  from  all.    In  re^ 
in^fity-i^e^^i^A^fipijf'fitQe white    fpea    of    elegance    of  architeaure, 

*  What 


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t6t 


HvNTiKe  IK  FranciJ 


What  a  building  would  it  be,  were 
the  wingt  added  according  to  the  firft 
defigo  I 

Extras  from  Thickncflc't  tifeful  Hintt 
to  thofe  -who  make    the  Tour  of 
France. 
«»     li  S  the  king  hunts  three  times  a 
Jtjl  week  in  his  foreA  near  this 
town  during  the  whole  winter,    I  v^at 
dciijrous  of  partaking  of  that  divcrfion, 
which  I  could  not  with  propriety  do, 
till  I  had  beeu  presented  to  him  j  for 
he  always  aiks  who  ftrangers  are  I  and 
I  did  not  chufe  to  put  myfeif  in  the 
way  oisLjbmgt  and  a  Jt  mfipaji    I 
therefore  took  the  liberty  to  apply, 
by  letter,  (afiigning  my  reafons)  to 
bis  excellency  the  earl  of  Rochford, 
the  prefent  amba/Tador  to  this  court, 
to  prefent  me  to  the  king,   who  foon 
After  gate  lue  notice  to  attend  at  Ver- 
sailles for  that  purpofe.    And,  at  the 
fanae  time,    I  was  honoured  with  an 
invitation  from  the  countefs  of  Roch- 
ford, to  dine  with  her  there,  it  being 
the  day  on  which  her  excellency  was 
to  have  her  firft  audience  of  the  queen, 
and  the  royal  family  of  France.    This 
was  one  inftance  of  tlie  pleafant  and 
captivating  manner  in  which  their  ex* 
cellencies  confer  honor  auid  favours  $ 
for  it  not  only  gave  me  an  opportunity 
of  feeing  that  whole  ceremony  of  the 
llrft  audience  of  an  ambaHadrefs  from 
my  own  country,  but  gave  me  an  op- 
portunity of  feeing  a  table,  where  no 
cxpence  or  art  was  fpared,  to  render 
it  as  magnificent  as  poflU)le  $    but  of 
which  I  (hall  fpeak  hereafter,   led  I 
forget  to  tell  you  an  anecdote  of  the 
famous  Alderman  Parfons,    who  you 
know  re  tided  many  yeai^  in  France, 
and  who,    mounted    on  a  very   fine 
EngUfh  gelding,   a  la  pidde  d'AngloU, 
Joined  the  king  at  9ne  of  thefe  hunts. 
Hii  blackcap,  buck Hcin  breeches,  &c. 
foon  attracted  the  notice  of  the  king 
who  inquiring  who  he  was  f  a  wag- 
gi(h  nobleman  replied,  //  ejf  un  cbenja- 
Hir  de  Malta!    Is  he!    faid  the  king 
(not  underftanding  the  pun  upon  an 
£ngli(h  word)  then  where  is  his  crols? 
The  alderman,  however,  was  not  on- 
ly permitted  to  hunt,    but  the  king 
took  (b  much  notice  of  him,  and  his 
horfe^  that  he  foon  after  fent  him  the 
borie  as  a  prefent  \  and  the  king»  in 
return,    gaye    him   Uave  to  import, 
^^./r/y,  whatever  quantity  of  Eng- 


May 


U(h  porter  he  pleafed  into  the  city  of 
Paris.    A  moft  generous  return  !  for 
it  is  inconceivable  what  a  profit  muft 
arife  from,  fuch    in  indulgence.    A 
French    burgois^    however   rich,    not 
even  the  firmieri  generaux^    are  ever 
permitted    to   hunt  with    the  king. 
After  I  had  been  prefented,    I  con- 
ftantly  partook  of  that  di  verfion  ;  and 
though  the  king  neither  admired  me 
nor  my  horfe,   I  unavoidably  fome- 
times  fell  fo  much  in  his  way,    as  to 
experience  a  look  and  manner,  which 
his  good-nature    and  good  breeding 
could  not  conceal ;    for  he  has  natu- 
rally fome  diflike  tp  an  Engiiftman. 
I  miiinforiped  you  as  to  (he  king  and 
nobiiity  riding  with  piflols,  &:c.  upon 
thefe  pccaflons  5  it  is  only  the  huntf- 
men  and  guards  who  are  fo  armed. 
What  is  fingular  is,  that  the  principal 
huntfman  is  a  gentleman  of  fortune, 
who    rides  with   the   horn   over  his 
(hvulder,   and  foui^ds  the  %ht,    the 
death,    &c.  &c.  aqd  is  drefkd  in  the 
iame  uniform    as    the  king^     Drefs, 
even  in  the  field,  is  attended  to  keres 
for  I  was  told,  with  great  civility,  but 
a  very  ferious  countenance,    that  my 
black  waillcoat  was  a  great  impro* 
priety  at  a  hunt,  though  it  was  during 
the  fecond  mourning  for  the  dauphin. 
You  ;muft  not,  however,  think  hunt- 
ing in  France  is  like  the  fame  diver- 
(ion  in  England ;  for  it  is  q^uite  ano- 
ther thing,  as  you  feldom  lee  either 
the  dogs  or  the  chafe,    or  feldom  ride 
hard.     When  the  Hag  or  wild  boar 
is  killed,    there  is  a  particular  cere- 
mony performed.    The  foot  is  cut  off 
by  the  huntfman,   and  given  to  the 
king,    and    the   (lags  heads    are    ^^\ 
blanched,    and  carried  to  Verfailles, 
where  many  of  them  are  to  be  feeiid 
wrote  upon  by  the  kin^s  otvn  hmtd^ 
ivben  and  'when  killed  !  But  to  return 
from  the  field  to  the  court.    When  th< 
countefs  of  Rochford  came  to  the  dooi 
of  the  queen's  apartment,  her  excel 
Icncy  was  received  by  a  lady  of  tl\! 
bedchambec,  and  was  by  her  condu^ 
ed  to  the  queen,   who  received   tlj] 
arubafiadrefs,  landing.     A  itool  wra 
placed   oppofite  the  queen,    whcreo 
her  lad>(hip,  during  her  (tiort  audiencJ 
fat ;  and  juft^  as  (he  was  going  to  retlr^ 
two  doors  were  thrown  fuddenly  opes 
and  an  audible  voice  called  out,  X 
Roy!  When  the  king  appeared,  ond^ 
a  preteaoe  of  viiiting  the  c^ueen  \  ^^ 


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lySt. 


A  French  Court  BrntmAnment. 


tH 


in  fad  thii  Wat  \  ftudied  piece  of  ad- 
drefty  that  the  ambafladrefs  mif  ht  be 
prefented  to  him  at  the  fame  ume»  at 
It  would  certainly  be  very  aukwardi 
and  indeed  very  abfurd*  for  an  ambai- 
fadreit  to  vifit  the  king  upon  fnch  an 
ooafion.  MomfiiurU  Daapbrn^  and  hit 
brother  the  €9mpti  dt  Frvvncu  made 
Dfe  of  the  Tame  addreff*  and  viiited 
their  mother^  madame  la  Dauphmp  dur-* 
io{  the  time  the  ambafladret  had  audi- 
ence of  her.  Upon  thit  occasion  m 
{reat  number  of  Englilhmen  of  very 
high  rank  attended  the  ambafladreft** 
among  whom  wat  the  new  created 
duke  of  North umberland,  whofe  ele- 
gant dreft>  richly  adorned  with  Jewelty 
made  no  fmall  addition  to  the  cavaU 
cade,  and  the  whole  ceremony  wat  con- 
dadcd  in  all  refpeflt^  with  fuitabie  dig- 
nity to  the  occafion.  After  the  ceremo- 
ny* whidi  muft  have  proved  very  fati« 
|mng  to  the  ambaiTadreft^  by  the  feve- 
rity  of  the  weather,  and  the  great  dif* 
taace  of  the  feveral  apartmentt  of  the 
royal  (amily  from  each  other,  a  moftno- 
We  and  fumptuout  entertainment  wat 
wovided  in  the  palace,  for  the  ambaf- 
udftfs  and  her  company.  To  give  you  a* 
defcription  of  the  dinner  is  more  than 
I  am  able  $  but  the  table  at  which  I 
dined  (for  I  found  afterwards  there  wat 
Mother)  wat  illuminated  with  upwardt 
of  fixty  wax  li^htt,  and  the  delTert. 
was  inconceivaUy  magnificent.  I  had 
the  honour  to  fit  between  an  archbi- 
ihop  of  France  and  an  Irifh  earl  ^,^ 
and  wu  well  entertained  in  all  refpe^lt. 
There  it  a  great  deal  of  wine  drank 
in  all  France  during  dinner,  but  none 
after.  The  climate,  th^  wine,  the 
fruit,  and  the  eafe  and  good  breeding 
of  the  firft  people  of  France,  are  in-^* 
deed  vei-y  powerful  argumenu  in  fa- 
vour of  the  country  i  but  on  the  other* 
hand,  the  dift  and  poverty  of  |the 
Bumerout  poor  (and  they  are  very 
nnmeroht)  renders  it  very  inferior  to 
Soeland  in  that  rtfpe&.  Champaign 
is  (eldom  brought  to  elegant  tables  in 
Prance;  they  fpare  it  to  us  Bri.ons^ 
oot  ofpoUtemfj,  and  a  conviction  that 
it  is  not  ivboUfome  for  themfelvet.  In 
my  next  I  fhall  endeavour  to  fatisfy 
Vou  in  other  articles  you  defire  to 
kao#  i  mean  while, 

I  am  ever  yours.** 


P.  S.  I  omnot  omit  info^rming  you» 
that  the'  dinner  wat  broujght  to  the 
table  by  a  regiment  of  'wbijkered  Swift 
foldiert !  while  a  great  number  of  idle 
fervantt  ftood  behind  the  chairt  o£ 
their  ladiet  and  mailers  with  their  bata 
on' I  and  what  was  ftill  more  extraor- 
dinary»  I  faw  four  boys  (which*  upon 
inquiry,  I  found  were  4iffiftantt  in  the 
kitchen)  ftand  diredly  bppofite  to  th» 
ambafladreft  and  the  dutcheft  D'Choi- 
feul,  with  night- capt  on  their  l^adt^ 
which  no  time  coidd  have  rendontd 
more  filthy,  and  their  aprcmt  and  other 
appavel  equally  obnoxious )  bat  tfaie 
wat  an  inftance  of  the  eafe  and  free* 
dom,  for  which  the  kingdom  of  Fraoce 
it  celebrated  s  indeed  it  it  fiich  an  Um 
of  magnificence,  elegance,  rii^iet,  and 
poverty*  that  difagreeable  and  di%uft-^ 
mg  obje6tt  do  not  feem  to  ftrike  the 
eyet  and  mtndtof  thenativetof  France* 
at  it  doet  thofe  of  other  natioat. 
Were  the  poor  day-bibourert  and  nn* 
ftmenus  capable,  by  their  labour  and 
induftry,  to  kMp  themfelvet,  their 
families,  and  their  little  habitationt* 
in  the  fame  neat,  fimple  manner  that 
the  induflriout  part  of  the  poor  of 
Enj^land  do,  FVance  would  be  the  moft 
delightful  country  in  the  world,  either 
to  paft  through,  or  to  refide  in  $  but 
the  extreme  poverty  of  the  poor,  and 
the  0oor  dav-labourei^  in  particular, 
renoert  then*  villages,  nay  even  their 
great  townt,  very  ftithy.  The  fir- 
mtrs  giuiraux  oppreis  them  beyond 
conception,  and  they  toil  from  morn* 
ing  till  night,  expofed  to  the  incle* 
mency  of  all  weathers,  and  yet  live  a 
much  more  wretched  life  than  any  of 
the  African  (laves,  in  our  colonies,  or 
in  their  own.  But  their  lively  difpoG- 
tion  bears  ibem  through  all  with 
chearfulnais,  and  they  con^der  they 
are  getciiig  their  own  bread,  while 
they  are  in  fa£t  toiling  for  wretches, 
who  deferve  not  the  name  of  men* 
The  luxury  in  which  the  firmkrs  gi^ 
nersfux  live  in  France  is  fcarce  credible  t 
the  poverty  and  dirt  of  the  poor  it 
equally  as  ofVenlive.  That  good  king 
Henry  the  Fourth  of  France  had  ufed 
to  lay,  he  would  wi(h  to  govern  fo, 
that  every  one  of  his  meaneft  fubjedt 
might  have  %>p9ulUurd  in  hit  pot  on  a 
Sunday.** 


ImUimtarms^ 


POETICAL 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t€4 


ISmj 


POETICALESSAYS. 


By  Dr,  Goldfoiitb* 

*  npU  R  N,  (tntle  hermit  sf  tht  4al^ 

JL     And  guide  my  lonely  way* 
To  where  yon  Upcr  cheen  the  Yale» 
With  hoifpitable  ray. 

For  herty  fiDiIoni  and  loft  I  tread^ 
With  ftintiof  flepi  and  (low  { 

Where  inldt  immeafofahly  fpread» 
Seem  lengthening  at  1  go/* 

*  Forbear,  my  Too,  the  hermit  crici» 
To  tempt  the  dangerooi  gloom  | 

Far  yonder  Mthleia  phantom  fliea 

To  lore  thee  to  thy  doom. 
Here  to  the  boufcleit  child  of  want^ 

My  door  if  open  ftill } 
And  tho*  my  pmon  it  bat  fctnt» 

I  ^ve  it  with  gaod  will. 
Then  tani  to-night,  and  freely  Aart 

Whatever  my  cell  beftowt  | 
lly  ruAy  eouchy  and  frugal  fart» 

My  blefting  and  rcpofii. 

Moftocki  that  range  the  valley  frct» 

To  /laughtor  I  condemn  x 
Taught  by  that  power  that  pitict  wuh 

1  learn  to  pity  them. 
Bnt  from  the  aountaio't  giafljr  fldt» 

A  gniltleft  fcaft  1  bring  | 
A  faip  vith  herbi  and  froiti  fupply^d* 

And  water  from  the  fpring. 
Then,  pilgrim*  torn,  thy  caret  for%»  | 

AU  earth*bom  caret  are  waong  t 
Man  wantt  bat  Httle  here  bdow» 

Nor  want!  that  little  long.** 
Soft  at  the  dew  from  heav*a  dtfcondt. 

Hit  gentle  accenta  fell  s 
The  modeft  ftraoger  lowly  btada. 

And  foUowi  to  the  cell. 
Far  in  a  wildemeft  obfcure 

The  lonely  maafian  lay, 
A  refuge  for  the  neighbouring  poar^ 

And  ftraqgera  led  aftrty. 

No  ftorei  beneath  itr  h  amble  thatah  . 

Reqoir*d  a  mafter*t  care  \ 
The  wicket  opening  viith  a  htch« 

ReceiY*d  the  harmlefi  pair. 
And  now  when  bufy  aowdt  retirt 

To  take  thtir  eteniag  reft. 
The  herioit  trimm*d  hit  little  fir% 

And  chee#*d  his  pen5ve  gueft  \ 
And  fpread  hit  vegetable  ftore* 

Aod  gayly  prci^,  and  fmird» 
And  ikiird  in  legendary  lore. 

The  lingering  houri  beguiKd. 

Areond'in  fympathctic  mirth 

Itt  tricki  the  kitten  triti. 
The  cricket  chirrups  in  the  hearth  | 

The  cracklxflg  faggot  fiiti. 


Bit  nothing  coold  a  charm  impart 
To  foolh  the  ftraoger't  woe  | 

For  grief  waa  heavy  at  hit  hearty 
And  tean  began  to  flow. 

Hit  rifing  caret  the  hermit  fpy*d. 

With  aafwoing  care  oppreft : 
<*  And  whence,  unhappy  youth,  he  cfy*4f 

The  Ibirawa  of  thy  breaft  > 
From  bttter  habjtationt  fpam*d, 

Reluaant  doft  thou  rove  | 
Or  grieve  for  frienddiip  anretnni*d» 

Or  unregarded  love  f 

Alu  I  the  joyt  that  fortune  bringf. 

Are  triftiog  aod  decay  | 
And  thole  who  priae  the  paltry  thtngi^ 

More  trifling  ftill  than  they. 

And  what  it  iiriendihip  bat>  name^ 

A  charm  that  lullt  to  Deep , 
A  fliade  that  followt  wealth  or  fime^ 

Bat  Icavta  the  wretch  to  weep  } 

And  love  it  ftill  an  anptSer  ibund* 

The  modern  fair  one't  jeft. 
On  earth  anieen,  or  only  fbaod 

To  warm  the  turtle'a  jieft. 

For  fliama,  fond  yooth,  diy  forrowa  Imtk^ 
And  fpurn  the  fez,**  he  find : 

Bot,  while  he  fpoke,  a  rifing  blufli 
Hia  feve-lorn^ueft  betray *d. 

Sarpria^d  ha  feet  new  beaatiaa  rifli 

Swift  mantling  t»  the  view, 
Like  colourt  o*er  the  morning  fliiei^ 

At  bright^  at  tranfient  too. 

The  bafliful  look,  the  rifing  bctai^ 

Alternate  fpread  alarma. 
The  lovely  ftranger  ftandt  coofeft 

A  maid  in  all  her  charmt. 

**  And,  ah,  for^ve  a  ftraagai  rwd^ 

A  wretch  ferlotn,  fliecry*d, 
Whofe  feet  unhailow'd  tbut  intrvda 

Where  kcav'n  and  you  rdSde. 

But  let  a  maid  thy  pity  fliarc. 
Whom  love  hat  taught  to  ftray  t 

Who  feekt  for  reft,  bot  fiodt  defpai 
Companion  of  her  way. 

My  father  1iv*d  befide  the  Tjm, 

A  wealth]!  lord  wai  he  ; 
And  all  hia  wealth  wat  marfc*d  at  aiae^ 

He  had  bot  only  me. 
To  winmc  from  hit  tender  anat, 

Unnumber*d  fuiton  came  j 
Who  prait*d  me  for  imputed  eharmt^ 

And  felt  or  feiga*d  a  flame, 
lach  hour  a  mercenary  crowd 

With  ricbcft  profiert  ftreve : 
Among  the  reft  young  Edwin  bow*d. 

But  Mvcr  ta]k*d  of  love. 


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PpiTiCAL  Essays i»  May,  1768. 


265 


In  humUe,  fimplet  babit  clad, . 

**  No  wetlck  nor  power  had  he ; 
Wiidoffl  and  worth  frere  all  he  had^ 

But  chefe  were  all  to  mc« 
7*he  blonoin  opeonig  to^the  dsy 

The  dews  of  heaven  refia*d, 
Coold  nought  of  poritj  difpUy, 

To  emulate  hia  mind  : 
The  dew,  the  bloflbm  on  the  trecy 
Wkh  charmt  ioconiant  fiiinei 
Their  charmi  ware  hit,  but  woe  to  me^ 

Their  conftaocy  was  minel 
For  fiill  I  try*d  each  fickle  art, 

Idiportonate  and  vain ; 
And  wrhile  hit  paflion  touched  my  heart, 

I  triumph *d  in  hit  pain. 
Till  quite  deje£led  with  my  fcorn. 

He  le/t  me  to  my  ^ride ; 
And  fought  a  folitude  forlorn. 

In  fecret,  where  he  died. 
But  mine  the  (brrow,  mine  the  faulty 

.  And  well  my  life  (hall  pay, 
1*11  ieek  the  blitude  he  fought. 

And  ftretch  me  where  he  lay.—- "-• 
Aad  there  fovlorr,  despairing,  hid, 

VU  lay  me  dowd  and  die  f 
*Twai  fo  for  ne  that  Edwin  did. 

And  ib  for  him  wi<l  f . 
<'  Forbid  it^  heaven  !**  the  hermit  cry^d. 

And  clafp*d  her  to  his  breaft  •• 
The  wondering  fair-one  turned  to  chide, 
Twat  £dwin*t  ftlf  that  preft. 

**  Tom,  Angelina^  ever  dear. 

My  ebarmer,  torn  to<  (ee. 
Thy  own,  thy  ioig  loft  Edwin  here, 

Retor*d  to  lovrAid  theel 

Thtot  iet  me  hold  thfe  to  my  heart, 

Aiid  ev'ry  care  refigtfs^ 
AndibaU  we  never,  never  part. 

My  life,— my  all  that*!  mine  ? 

«*  No,  pever,"  frc^'thii  hour  to  part, 

We**l  Ifve  and  foye  fotroc  : 
The  figh  thfit  ren<^  thy  cooftant  heart. 

Shall  break  thy  Edwin's  TOO.** 

T^i   OtC  At  ION  At.    pROLOCtJl    tfffiEPT- 

LOG  01,  fj^htt  at  the  Kings  Tbtatre  in  the 
Haymarker,  vxtb  the  nnu  Conuiif  of  tbe 
INDISCREET  LOVER,  perfonncd  for 
the  befiffit  tf  tbt  Lyinfr^tM  Hefprtai, 

PROLOGUE. 


Ttf  E  Roman  bard  wai  deemM  a  glorious 
wight, 
Wlio  tSGght  to  mingle  profit  with  delight  $ 
But  Biitaia*t  foot  to  nobler  hcighii  afpire, 
Whofe  pleafurc*!  kindle  at  devotion's  fire- 
Devotion  did  I  fay  ?--Nay  I  never  ftait. 
The  bcft  religion  it  .a  feeling  heart. 

To  foothe  the  forrowt  of  diaUierout  love. 
And  mis'ry's  paogt  from  beautk'*  brcail  to 
move  5  " 

Mjy,  1768. 


When  anmifli,  feas,-  and  povaity  unite, 
Toicbeeruie  gloom,,  and  chafe  each  dreary 

fprigbt  I  t 

To  bid  the  tender  infant  rear  ita  biead,  . 
Nor  pining  want,  por  chilling  Boreaa  dready 
Are  actions  worthy  of  a  noble  A>ul, 
And  fpeed  the  Britifh  fame  from  Pole  to  Pole. 

Let  not  the  venal  or  the  grave  exclaim, 

<'The   font  of   want   ihould    check  «acH 

am'roui  flame,  [pleafc 

<<  Nor  ihould    unportion'd   virgint  teek  to 

•*  Their  wanton  faociet  at  th'  cxpcoce  of 

.    eafe. 
^  <<  Thofe  pangi  are  voluntary  vrhicb  they  beafj 
**  Then  why  ihould  we  for  tiicir  imprudence 
care  ?'*  [here— 

Avaunt,   ye  yrfeftskea !  ^^vt'  no  ibch  are 
Who  ne*er  for  hpman  mia*ry  ihed  a  tear. 
Has  not  kind  heav*n  alike  throughout  our 
race,  [gr*cc. 

Diffused  each  native  charfo^  each  blooming.  . 
The  rich  and  foor,  are  made  aiHe  to  foel 
The  power  ot  heausy,  apd  the  pow*r  offiuii 
£ngro0ing  gold,  can  they  net  be  content 
Would  they  eogrofii  each  bleifiog  heav'n  hu 

lent? 
.     Happy  the  bard  by  this  kind   audience 
'  grac'd,-  [laj!t ; 

Whofe  joy  it  gocdnefs,    and  whofe  judgmcn*. 
No  envious  hitt)  no  bafe  malicious  fneer. 
No  fnarling  critic  can  our  author  fear  : 
Stcure  of  candour — he  reiignt  hit  caufe 
To^/>rir«*t  judgmeiu,  an^  c;W-ffarare*tlawt. 

EPILOGUE. 

Spoken  hy  a  Soldier  and  a  Sailor,    tvbo,    after 
tbo  turtain  it  let  doivn^  ame  from  eacbjide  if 
tbiftage^  and  meet  in  tbe  middle. 
Soldier,  \  T  7  H  A  T  hoQoA  Pctavero! 

Sailor.    VV Peter  Prime! 

Sold*  Ha  *  where  haft  been,  my  boy,  this 
tedious  time  ?  [blaclct, 

SaiL  IVe  bin  to  trial 'the  nabobs,  nght  the 
And  cram  with  their  rupees  our  empty  f^tckst 
But  what  hai^  thou  been  at,  my  heart  or  oak$ 
What  brought  you  here  to  fee  thcfe  afliag 
folk? 
Sold,  Neceflity — for  faith  to  tell  you  true, 
Thit  peace-time  foldiert  have  enough  to  do' 
To  fill  their  empty  belliei— bread  *t  fo  dete-. 
And  then  that  cur  fed  tax  upon  ftrvng  beer. 
But  Moll  fopplies  with  oranges  the  pit. 
And  I  keep  p]ac4t— thus.  we.  pick  a  bit. 
There— doa*t  }0u  fee  vour  old  acquaiocaoct 

iland? 
Her  orange  baiket  dangling  in  her  hand. 

Pointing  t9  a  fruit  girl. 

Sail,  Ay,  So  (he  does — I  ihoygbc  when  I 

iitfail  [ga^c— 

Her  main-ibcet  feem*d   to  fwcil  bctvie  the 

What  came  of  that  incumbrance  ? 

Sol,  F.»nh,  my  hd, 

•Twcnt  very  hard  with  me — and  amcs  "*cie 

bad— 
An  empty  btl'y,  anrl  an  (Ti>f»fy  p'trfe, 
And  not  a  crofs  i^i  miawiic,  or  Ui  a\if(t, 
L  I  '      Though 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Thoogli  when  mj  oooatry  caird»  l*vo  ftood 

aamov*d. 
In  fields  of  death — to  fee  the  wife  I  lov^d^ 
£ndtoger*d  and  diftreft^d,  ia  time  of  need« 
Made  my  tears  flow;  and  my  poor  heart  to 
bked.  [a  paw  j 

Sail.  Well  thott'rt  an  honeft  fellow— (hake 
And  with  thefe  doliart,  mend  the  prefent 
flaw* 

Giving  jBMArf. 
What  ails  my  eyei  ?— Your  ftory  movea  me 

:    fo— 
But  rot  thii  whining— and  now  let  oi  knowy 
How  got  you  out  of  thit  fcrape  ? 

Sol,  There!  look  around t 

As  gen*rous  worthies  as  e*r  trod  the  ground. 
Thefe  gents,   and  nobles,  bleflbgs  on  them 

fall, 
ReticvM  their  foldier,  and  prefervM  poor  Moll. 
Why,  man,  they>e  got  a  houfe  in  Browolow* 

lireet. 
Where,  once  *  week,  for  this  intent  they  meet) 
And  there  they  club  their  heads,  and  gold 

gslorc, 
To  drite  diftrefs  from  ev^ry  poor  man's  door  } 
And  while  to  ferve  our  king  abroad  we  roam. 
They  fave  our  wives  from  mifery  at  home. 
This  play  you\e  feen,  was  all  of  their  in- 
dention. 
To  raife  fupplies  to  ferve  their  kind  intention. 
Sail,  Aye,    fay  you  ib  ?— 'fore  George- 
wilt  hate  a  quid  ?  Giving  bit  box» 
If  I  before  had  known  it,  Vd  have  Aid 
A  guinea  in  the  honeft  fellow's  hand 
Thet  kept   the   door— the  thing  is  nobly 

plann*d— 
If  thus  it  is  they  ufe  their  pow'r  and  wealth, 
I'll  fight  their  battles,  and  I'll  drink  their 

health; 
Wherever  danger  calls,  1*11  be  their  man. 
Let  Don  or  Monfieur  hurt  them  if  they  can. 

EPITAPH  omBohhel  Thormton,  Efy, 

WH  O  £*£  R  thou  art  who  fce'ft  this  ho* 
nour'd  (brine,  [mine. 

One  moment  paufe— and  add  ^  tear  to 
A  manly  tear,  to  his  fair  iHem'ry  due. 
Who  felt  (ucb  feelings  as  are  known  to  few  ; 
Whofe  wit  (tho*  keen)  benevolence  fuppreft. 
Who  never  penn'd  a  fatire,  but  in  jeft. 
*Tis  now,  oh !   death  !  thy  poignant  fiing 
we  own ; 
*Tisnow,  oh  1  grave!  thyviftoryis  Ihown! 
For  lo !  herein  full  prematurely  lie 
The  only  parts  of  Thornton  which  could  die. 

J.B. 

On  the  late  Boknil    Thornton,    Efy; 

TH£N  art  thou  gone,  my  Thornton  } — 
but  forbears- 
Vain  eveiy  figh,  and  impotent  each  tear  f 
Blefl  with  the  happieft  (kill  the  mufe  could 
give,  [life  I 

Thy   name  with    Swift   and   Rabelais  Hiill 
So^ay  thy  humour,  and  fo  arch  thy  wic, 
Nune  felt  ths  wound,  tho'   palpable  the  hit. 

*  f^fM  a  /afipotm  oalUd  tbt  Bait  It 


•'f 


I  /vo* 


•  Bot  when  oa  death,  ahs !  thoa  try*ft  l3iy 

art. 
Death's  repartee  was  throwing  of  Us  dart* 

Suing  At  tht  Exhibition  in  Spring  Garden^ 
the  Portrait  (fy  Mr,  Hone)  •/'Zamparini  in 
the  Charaaer  of  Cecchina. 

ttttHY  iay  that  Zamparinra  left  our 

Yonder  (be  ftands !— ohfenre  her  artfbl  fmile  8 
See  I  lee  !  hftx  rofy  lips^  whence  Capads  fly 
.  To  catch  the  glances  tron^  her  fparkling  eye  | 
Fondly  to  gase  on  her  bewitching  faoe,^ 
And  there,  in  fancy,  conntlels  booties  traoo* 

P|inting  I  of  imiutive  arts  the  queen* 
What  wonders  are  'mid  thy  produ/ftions  (eea  1 
To  life  the  fur  here  imag'd  feems  to  flart» 
Retread  the  ftage,  and  fweetly  touch  the  heart. 

J.  U 
r«  fi(a  P  R  I  N  T  E  R,   &r. 
S  I  R» 

TO  increafe  the  number  of  cmploymentt 
for  women,  the  fociety  for  the  encoa- 
ragement  of  arts,  manufaonret  and  com* 
pierce,  kindly  and  judiciool^  beftow  preminmt 
6n  fuch  of  the  fair  (ex  as  exccU  ia  certain  nfe* 
ful  branches  of  the  polite  aru.— Hiv  aajefty 
Queen  Charlotte,  to  promote  a  very  curiooa 
fpedes  of  needle-work,  executed  in  the 
higheft  perfealon  by  Mrs.  Wright,  grad- 
ottfly  (atisfies  her  for  the  inftrofiion  and  fup- 
port  of  feveral  yonng  gentlewomen,  daughters 
of  clergymen  or  ofilicers.— The  thou^t  of 
this  rifing,  elegant  inftitution^  which  *cie 
hoped  may  in  time  employ  many}  and  ch« 
2gbt  of  an  extraordinary  piece  of  needle* 
work,  gave  occafion  to  the  following  lines. 
I  am.  Sir, 

Your  moft  hamble iisrvant,   * 

JORK  LOCXMAM. 

ZEPHYRUS  am/ FLORA.  ^DiALoeux. 
On  feeing  Flowers  drawn  and  worked  for 
the  Cradle  of  the  Royal  InfantSt  iy  Mn^ 
Wright  ^  Great  Newport  Street* 

FLORA  and  Zephyrus,    from  Tempe*e 
vale 
To  Britain  flew,  in  an  aofpidooa  gale  % 
Alighted  at  a  palace  *  where  were  it/^n, 
A  new-born  princefs  with  her  parent  <{iMen  } 
Whofe  virtues,  tho'  pofTefs'd  of  them  alope. 
With  juftice  might  have  led  her  to  a  throne. 
The  goddefs  then— choice  flow'rs  I'll  no# 
prepare. 
To  decorate  the  cradle  be  my  care* 

Says  Zephyru^,  yon  rare  aifemblage  view, 
Of  dow'rets  red,  white,  yellow,  g'cen  and 
blue.  [fondly  blend^ 

How  bright    thofe    wreathes,    where  rofce 
And  gay  Anemones  thrir  ludre  lend  ! 
Where  woodbines  fpread,  and  tulips  proadly 

glow. 
In  colours  vivid  as  th*  ietherial  bow  ; 
'Where  we  fair  iilficsof  the  vale  defcry, 
Immix'd  with  thole  all  lovely  to  the  eye- 
Be 
af  the  ffigt.        f  St,  Jamet\ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 768.  Vncmnm  Cure  for  a  Cancer. 

Be  thtfe  Ay  aPring  ithcfe  will  feift  the  figh^    dry  cannot  be  doubted, 
The  cradle  deck,  and  add  to  the  delight. 

Thee  Flora,  oft  our  fenfes  will  deceive, 
Ordoubtf  fuggeft  of  what  we  fliouM  believe  s 
Well  at  fnch  groups  .with  pleafurc  you  may 
ft»»t,  [art ; 

fince  what*!  thought  nature  here,  is  curious 
(Happy  as  that  by  Molcr*s  •  pencil  (hown. 
Whence  flow*rets  fpring,  which  emulate  your 


All  here  is  fweet  deception  to  your  tyes. 
For  Wa ZG H t*s  iam*d  needle  bid  thefc  chap- 
ktsrife, 

Tii^MAJESTY. 
Beace  bid  great  queen!  a  manufaaur« 
fpriog, 
And  thoufands  of  thy  fez  thy  pralTe  (ball  fing. 


267 

Names  are  needlcfs* 
I  am.  Sir,  your  obliged  fenrant. 
Dated  No?.  1767^  M.  M. 

P.  S.  The  phyfician  at  Calne  is  earneftlj 
requefted  to  puHlifh  his  lady*s  cafe.  And  the 
humane  worthy  gentleman  who  advifed  the 
poor  woman  to  apply  the  toads,  is  defired  to 
let  us  know  whether  they  msy  be  spplied  to 
a  cancer,  on  the  lip. 

May  1%^  1761. 


r#    tb$ 


AUTHOR    0/    th%    LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

TH  £  underwritten  letter  I  received  from 
a  lady  whofe  veracity  I  can  depend  on. 
1  am.  Sir,     Your  obliged  fervanr, 

^OidCm-effmdtnt. 
5  1  K, 

A  Poor  woman  near  Hungerford,  had  U« 
boored  many  years  under  a  moft  tnvc- 
Urate  cancer  in  her  bretft.  A  gentleman  in 
chat  neighbourhood  told  her,  if  ihe  would 
vfeiw^aa  dircaed,  they  would  cure  her. 
Agreeable  to  his  order  Ac  applied  eight 
loads,  tied  op  in  muflin  bags,  to  tight  holes 
in  her  breatt,  which  fucked  amasingly.— 
The  toads  faftened  eagerly  like  leeches.— 
When  they  had  fucked  themlelves  full,  they 
dropped  oft  in  agonies,  tvrible  to  behold.— I 
ito  not  hear  they  gave  any  pain,  but,  on  the 
contrary,  her  pains  abated,  from  the  firft 
appOcatioo.  She  repeated  this  till  ihe  had 
demotiibed  120  toads.  By  which  time  the 
woonds  w.re  healed,  and  her  breaft  wu  of 
the  ufual  fisc.  She  hai  been  well  ever  fince. 
The  toads  were  applied  every  night.  The 
better  Out  grew,  the  longer  they  lived,  and 
the  longer  they  fucked.  Tbt  woman,  full 
of  gratitude,  went  to  a'  poor  man  at  Lam- 
boroe,  in  Wilt/hire,  who  had  loog  gone 
double  with  a  cancer  in  his  back.  Mr. 
H  y  was  there  laft  week,  and  fays, 
the  man  is  abfoiutely  cured.  During  the 
woman*s  attendance  on  him,  fte  was  lent 
for  to  a  phjffician's  wife  at  Calne,  in  the 
fame  county.  But,  to  her  honour  be  it 
menuoned,  ihe  would  not  leave  the  poor 
man  till  he  was  quite  cured.— She  is  now 
with  the  phyfician's  wife.  1  faw  two  Ictten, 
with  every  minute  cifcumflance,  wrote  by 
doAor  B's.  lady  who  is  at  Mrs.  — ^  near 
Hungerford,  and  not  far  from  the  poor  wo^ 
mao'a  parilh.  This  lady  conftsntly  attended 
here  till  the  core  was  compleated.  This  is 
•  copy  of  a  leKcr,    from  a  lady  whofe  vcra- 


A  Lint  or  two  to  Mr,  M.  M. 
SI  R, 

I  Live  at  prefent  in  the  conntry  ai  you  do» 
and  love  reading,  eCpecially  as  I  can  ne*^ 
ther  hunt  or  (boot  or  have  flreogth  for  it, 
and  hope  I  have  a  defire  to  fearch  after  troth. 
1  caonot  think  your  argumments  prove  the 
fente  you  would  fix  on  the  text.  IVe  are  hp 
natnrg  children  of  svratb— And  1  freely  con- 
fefs  that  article  193  or  indeed  any  human  ar* 
ticlei  whatever,  is  not  of  any  authority  with 
me.«-l  cannot  think  the  inftance,  you  give 
of  juvenile  days  is  in  point,  and  what  follows 
is  certainly  an  ioflance  of  the  goodnefs  of 
God  in  implanting  fuch  a  paflion  witbin  us, 
and  I  would  fa'*n  hope  and  believe  it  has 
tended  to,  and  promoted  the  caufe  of  piety 
and  religion,  far,  very  far  more  than  that 
of  vice,  as  indeed  from  it  atifes  all  the  focial 
and  relative  duties,  as  that  of  huiband,  wife, 
parent,  child,  Arc— And  you  muft  know, 
that  marriage  is  a  remedy  for  any  incon^ 
venience  arifing  therefrom,  at  leaft  1  am 
very  fure  the  New  Teftament  teaches  me  fo. 
You  win  allow,  that  food  is  the  gift  of  God, 
given  to  fopply  the  appetite  of  hunger,  and 
in  itfelf  perte^ly  innocent,  but  how  many 
make  even  it  the  inftrument  of  fin  by  glutr 
toay,  Sec,  and  the  fame  may  much  more  be 
faid  by  dnnk.  And  Ihall  we,  becaufe  th< 
good  gifts  of  G,od  are  ill  applied  andabufed, 
£4  J  chat  we  are  cbilaren  of  wrath,  God  forbid. 
I  am,  Sir, 
Your  mod  bumble  fervant,  N.  N. 
P.  S.  I  am  not  the  fame  perfon  as  N.  N. 
though  by  mere  accident  I  took  the  fame 
lignature,  who  wrote  the  comment  in  this 
Mag.  on  Rem.  viii.  19*  which  I  think  a 
very  fenfible  piece,  and  for  which  I  therefore 
defire  to  return  him  my  thanks.— I  do  not 
fuppofe  he  means  that  even  good  Gentiles, 
but  only  the  carnal  man,  was  under  the  curfe, 
as  1  think  the  apoflle  srguci  chap.  i.  from 
V.   18,  and  pUinJy  chap.  ii.  14.  15. 

jfa  Aceotint  of  the  Cafe  of  the  Peoplt  of  Neuf- 
chatel  in  Switzerland,  in  their  Difpute 
with  the  King  ©/"Pruflia  their  Sovereign, 

FEW  iljte!>,  next  to  the  Engli/h,  enjoyed 
fo  1       '    "  •  ■        •    ■       -  - 


much  liberty  as  the  iittle  principality 
of  Neufchatel  and  Valangin  in  Switzerland, 
before  their  prefent  difputes  with  their  Co- 
vereign.  A  proof  of  this  it  their  aHigningin 
the  year  1707,    by  their  own  authority,    to 

«he 

•  A  eeUhrated  fain*reft  ofpmtrt  in  footer  cohun,  «  btaptifuJ ffeeimtn  of  vfhUb  it  ttrtvfcen 
m  tbt  exbibitton  m  &fring^6ardent.  ,,^,_,  ,^^  GoOgk 


Digitized  by* 


268 


Cafe  of  the  Ncufchatelois. 


Che  King  of  Pniffia,  the  fight  of  facccffion 
to  that  fovcrcignty,  after  the  decetfe  of  the 
Dutcheft  of  Nemours,  their  Uft  fovereign  of 
the  line  of  Longueville,  when  feveral  princes* 
sod  Aatci  laid  a  claim  to  the  fucceffion; 
previous  to  the  adjudging  which,  the  people 
made  the  pretenders  to  the  fucceflion  pro- 
mise and  fwear  the  obferTation  of  nine 
general  articlef,  confirming  the  priTileges 
formerly  granted  to  the  people  at  iereral 
timet  by  their  foTereigna •  Thefc  pririleget 
having  lately  been  fomewhat  infringed  .by^n 
illegal  a^  of  authority  of  the  Idng^s  go- 
vernor, the  people  would  i^ot  alloi^  of  jt ; 
and  the  king  not  chufing  to  recede,  appealed 
to  their  neighbours  and  allies  the  Canton 
of  Bern,  who  gave  two  feotences  in  his  fa* 
vonr  againft  the  people  of  Neufchatel  s  thefe 
mre  the  two  fentences  that  the  latter  refufed 
to  fubmit  to,  till  compelled,  by  the  canton 
af  Bern  ordering  a  corps  of  8000  men  to 
inarch  to  the  frootiert  to  enforce  their  fen- 
tences in  cafe  they  were  not  accepted.  The 
teafons  of  the  Neufcfaatelois  for  not  fubmitt- 
ing  to  the  fentences  were,  their  not  acknow- 
ledging for  their  judge  the  (late  of  Bern, 
who  had  no  right  to  decide  this  affair,  that 
right  belonging  to  the  fovereign  tribunal  of 
the  principality  of  Neufchatel  and  Valxngin, 
for  the  very  reafon  that  it  was'  this  fame  fo- 
vereign tribunal  that  named  the  King  of 
Piuffia  to  the  focce^on  of  that  principality. 

Love  of  liberty  is  the  motive  of  this  let- 
ter t  the  fame  caufe  may,  perhaps,  oceafion 
your  hearing  farther  from  me  on  this  fub- 
Jea.  S.  M. 

Ta    r^f    P  R  I  N  T  E  R,    &<. 
Now   fend    you  the  extrad   I  proinifed 
you  of  a  letter  from  Neufchatel  m  Swit- 
serland,  dated  the  2:tb  of  April. 

In  my  laft  I  acquainted  you  that  we  ex- 
peOed  here  Mr.  Derfchau,  the  king^s  mf- 
pifter  and  plenipotentiary  together  with  Mr^ 
Gaudot  the  advocate  general,  who  was  to  be 
snftalled,  lieutenant  governor,  attomey-gene- 
ral,  and  receiver  of  the  rents.  They  arrived 
laft  funday  evening.  The  Sieur  Gaudot 
nocuU  n§t  go  to  the  caftU  tvifb  Mr,  Derfchau ^ 
mubo  bad inn'ited  bim,  ^w  alighted  at  his  houle 
Vkith  an  uncommon  air  of  cotifequence,  ob- 
fcrved  by  a  concourfe  of  people  f.refent:  As 
foon  as  he  was  in,  a  great  number  of  boys 
Docked  there  and  furrounded  the  houfe,  when 
they  began  to  call  him  by  all  the  injurious 
Barnes  that  he  deferved  t  He  attempted  to  fi*> 
fence  them  with  threats,  but  one  amongft 
them  Caid  to  him,  '*  Yoa  are  the  chief  cauie 
of  our  fathers  being  compelled  by  force  to 
jfield  op  their  privileges,  the  lofa  of  which 
will  fall  heavieft  upon  ui :  Our  revenge  is 
juft,  and  we  are  refolvcd  to  exert  all  our 
powers  to  recovir  our  liberty,  which  we  will 
begin  to  do  by  extirpating  you.**  That  faid, 
they  provided  flones,  and  broke  all  the  vrin- 
dows  in  the  houfe :  A  Pru0ian  foldier  falJied 


May 


I 


out  of  it  fwotd  in  hind,  to  intfimdato  them  t 
They'rufbed  opon  him,  knocked  him  down^ 
broke  hit  fword,  and  aftet  *  ievece  drubbing 
let  him  go. .  The  Sieur  Giudot  feeing  that 
the  aflRiir  began  tt  take  a  ferious  ^u|o,  got 
a^ms  ready,  barricaded  himfelf  and  ^owed 
vengeance;  upon  >vhich  feme  women  being 
come  to  the  aliifiance  of  the  boys,  thej  con« 
tinuea  beiieging  and  throwing  ftooes  at  the 
honfe  till  four  o'clock  in  the  mormng« 
when  they  were  relieved  bf  another 
number  of  men  and  women  \  thefe  made 
themfelves  maflers  of  the  lower  peK  of 
the  houfe^  went  into  the  cellar,  d^^nk 
a  couple  of  glafles  of  wine  each,  broke 
to  pieces  caflcs,  bottles,  and  all  that 
was  there,  yet  far  from  being  drunk,  tlie; 
did  all  this  with  the  greatefi  prefence  of  miodt 
without  noife,  and  as  if  they  had  been  fo 
many  people  at  work.  The  magiftracjr  fent 
one  of  their  members  to  quiet  them,  wlio 
was  told,  that  havrng  let  the  right  of  polic€ 
be  taken  from  them,  they  had  no  authority 
there*  A  free  company  of  greoadiets  waa 
next  ordered  under  arms,  to  place  guarda 
about  the  befieged  houfe :  They  took  arma 
to  guard  tbe  city,  they  liud,  but  refufed  to  go 
where  they  v^ere  ordered.  ^-Mr.  Derfchaa* 
who  had  fent  to  quell  the  tumult,  .but  tone 
purpofe,  aiked  of  the  mJ|giftratea  if  the; 
would  anfwcr  for  the  life  of  the  Sieur  Gaudot  r 
They  pofi lively  Caid  they  could  not,  having 
^ooe  all  that  was  poilible  in  that  affair.  H« 
then  offered  to  the  people  to  fend  a  coach  for 
the  Sieur  Gaudot  to  carry  him  out  of  the 
country,  with  a  promife  that  he  (houid  never 
return.  A  coachman  could  hardly  be  found 
that  would  go;  at  Uft  one  was  prevailed  up* 
on,  who  had  fopn  caufe  to  repent,  his  coach 
having  been  overturned,  though  followed  by 
the  king*s  livery  j  but  as  foori  u  he  afked  in 
go  back,  the  people  helped  hinx  to  get  up  Jiis 
coach. 

The  lady  of  the  Sieur  Gaudot  perceiving 
that  no  help  could  come  to  them,  dcEictf 
leave  to  go  out  of  the  houfe  :  She  was  anr 
fwered,  **  Madam,  that  you  may  do  in  all 
fafety;  be  not  afraid,  our  vengeance  do0s  not 
reach  you,  and  is  only  againft  your  hutband, 
who  has  been  a  traitor  to  his  country.'*  She 
accord iogly  retired  without  the  leaft  mfulc. 
Adr.  Derfchau  being  uoeafy,  aikcd  of  the  grcr 
nadiers  if  he  ran  no  rifle?  They  Odd.no} 
they  knew  that  what  he  had  done  was  coar 
formable  to  the  orders  of  his  mafter»  and  he 
had  been  fent  for  that  purpofe  j  j;hft  the 
Sieur  Gaudot  was  the  only  objcd  of  their 
vengeance. 

Thefe  were  the  tranfaflioni  of  the  Mon- 
day; at  night,  the  people  afraid  leA  thia 
hated  man  fliould  at  laft  efcape,  proceeded  Co 
/break  all  the  doors  open;  he  ^eo  hid  him* 
felf  betA-een  two  doors,  where  a  joiner 
having  difcovered  him,  cried,  *<  he  is  cer- 
tainly here  ;  but  paid  dear  for  bis  difcptery^ 
the  Sieur  Gaudot  inftantly   ih^t  h\m    ^a^ 

and 


f*  King  Gnrgt  L  tbcw  Mor  of  Hanwer,  vas  nt» 

*'    Digitized  by  Google 


1768. 


Death  of  a  Trailer  to  his  Country. 


269 


and  wounded  two  others,  but  wai  arer* 
powered  hafing  recei? cd  fevend  ibotiy  whs^ 
put  aa  end  to  his  life* 

He  hid  with  him  hit  nephew^  who  fa?ed 
biiarelf  by  climbing  up  the  chimney,  leaving 
Ida  boots  behind,  which  hang  there  to  this 
day. 

At  (boo  as  this  enemy  of  his  coantry  had 
fallen  the  children  proclaimed  it  through  all 
the  ftreets,  with  many  huasat,  and  the 
cries  of  '*  liberty  and  our  country  for  ever.** 
The  multitude  wanted  to  drag  his  corpfe  to 
the  gallowsy  but  wm  prevented. — Kvery  thing 
in  the  houPe  was  next  broke,  cut  to  pieces, 
and  thrown  oat  at  the  window,  but  nothing 
was  ftolen.  His  relations  are  very  mo^h  at  9^ 
lofi  what  burial  to  give  him  1  No  workman 
would  make  his  coffin,  fo  great  was  the  ha? 
tred  he  bad  brought  oa  biaBfelf  from  the 
people.  Mr.  Dcrfchau  has  fern  an  account 
of  the  whole  to  the  king,  what  the  confe- 
qoences  will  be  nobody  can  tell  yet*  So  far 
the  letter  from  Neufchatel, 

Now,  Mr.  Printer,  pray  alldw  me  a 
Utile  more  room  for  a  few  refle&ions. 

'  Vrhcn  men  enjoy  the  fweetnefi  of  liberty, 
^ey  are  in  pofleffion  of  a  happincfs  the  more 
10  be  cherilhed  as  it  is  a  gift  fVom  heaven) 
hence,  if  amongft  thofe  who  aim  at  digni-* 
ties,  fome  are  found  who  try  to  predominate 
over  their  fellow  fubje^,  and  who,  in  ftStf 
pfc  contrivances  to  attain  that  end,  fach 
monfters  are  odious  to  (bciety,  and  tt  ia  to  be 
wi&ed  for  the  fake  of  peace  and  happtnefii, 
fhat  they  be  rooted  out.  This  preeiOely  has 
happened  to  the  abovemeotioBed  ill  fated 
man:  ambition  was  his  ruin;  hsppy  in  a 
private  ftation  of  life,  which  the  emohtmenta 
of  hia  profeffion  and  employ  of  advocate-ge« 
oeral,  enabled  htm  to  fopport,  in  a  genteel 
and  agreeable  way,  efieemed  heretofore  as  a 
man  of  feafe  and  talents,  he  was  oet  £rtis- 
fied,  but  wiihcd  for  more.  He  faw  with 
plcafore  the  broils  that  ag>uted  hit  country 
fo  ixi  as  he  ezpeded,  to  make^hem  fubier- 
vieot  to  hit  inter efted  views.  Accordingly, 
befides  feveral  hurtful  pradices  and  a£b  of 
ingratitude  to  his  country,  he  wrote  a  book 
wherein  he  abfordly  endeavoured  to  bring  to 
nought  ica  liberty,  and  to  prove  moft  fallaci- 
oufly  that  the  loverergn  had  a  right  to  uke 
away  all  the  piivileget  of  the  people.  He 
fn««eded  that  way  even  beyond  his  hopes  { 
for  ioon  after  the  publication  of  that  book 
ke  wat  apfoinud  to  the  firft  placet  in  the 
date,  but  fate  overlodk  bun  before  he  could 
enjoy  them }  the  very  day  on  which  he  was 
to  bt  JnAalled  inflead  of  the  price   of  ^his 


bafene(s,  which  he  thought  ht  was  going  to 
receive,  he  met  with  an  untimely  and  Viobnit 
death.  What  a  '4iffereoee  between'  his  nar* 
row,  comiptod  mind,  and  the  noble  fpirit 
of  hit  own  brother,  a  military  veteran^  who 
in  an  aflembly  of  the  people,  to  confidar 
what  was  to  be  done  in  their  critical  fitaatiott, 
made  a  (peech,  filled  with  fentimenu  of  li- 
berty and  patriotifm,  was  for  ftanding  oat  to 
the  USt  drop  of  blood  in  defence  oi  their 
righta  and  privileges,  and  ofoed  to  be  one  of 
the  foremoftt 

May  10,  17 6S.  S.  M« 

UJiruBioiu  to  Repnftntsii^M  iojefue  in  Par* 
liameMt,  eU3ed  in  the  Tear  Z76S. 

A^  Psenam  pulchra  Pro  Liiertatt  Vocabit--« 
Vendidit  Htc  Amf  Patriam,-^         Virg, 

WE,  a  confiderable  part  of  your  ele^iora, 
aa  ytt  your  frt*  and  independent, 
dehors,  do  moft  earneftly  recommend  to  you, 
our  reprefentatives  in  parliament,  to  enquire, 
and  we  do  alfo  defire  and  expert  that  yoo 
will 

I.  Enquire  by  whofc  advice  it  was,  that  a 
ftparatt  pticc  was  concluded  with  France  and 
Spam  in  1762,  by  which  a  flagrant  bretch  of 
national  faith  was  committed,  being  in  di« 
re£t  oppofitionto  all  treaties  fubfiftlng  between 
our  gallant  ally  the  king  of  Pruffia,  and  hia 
late  majefty  of  glorious  memory,  renewed 
and  copfirmed  by  his  prefent  mtjefty  after 
his  acceffiion,  to  a  treaty  bearing  date  De* 
cember  12,  1760,  of  the  fourth  article :  of 
which  the  loUowing  it  a  trand^tion. 

*•  The  High  contkactxno  pcwxaa 
moreover  engage,  vis.  on  the  one  fide  hia 
BaZTANNicK  MyijxaTY,  as  well  xxvo 
as  xLxcTOa,  and  on  the  other  part 
hit  PauiszAic  acAjxsTr,  mot  •  to 
coKCLuoy  Mijr  tnmty  0/  peace,  truce$  or 
neutrality,  or  Other  conveotion  or  agreement 
vfhaunftr  with  the  powers  who  have  takttt 
part  in  the  prefent  war,'  but  in  coNcixT 
and  by  mutual  AoassMENT  and  ^r 
comprehending  eacb  other  by  n  a  m  x .' 


Signed, 


A  treaty  of  peace, 


Robtrt  Henler,  C,  S* 

Granville,  P- 

Holtesy  NewcaJiU. 

H9ldtrneffe, 

tfaratvtcktu 

miliam  Pitt, 

Wat   notwithftandiog. 


entered  into  and  concluded  at  Parii,  between 
England.  France  and  Spain,  toithout  the  rsa- 
fent  and  mutual  agreement  of  the  king  of 
Pruffia  *,  and  without  cmprebending  bim  hf 

name. 


•  "  The  French  knrto  the  negeciation  ef  the  peace  wat  in  the  bands  cf  Lerd  •  •  •  •,  and 
tbaj  f§  far  from  fuppcrtiag  tur  great  frotejtant  ally,  hit  lordjbip  toat  dttermined  to  abandon  ^im. 


The  king  of:  PruJJta  compiaiaed,  that  be  toas  aSuaUy  betrayed  by  the  Scottijh  minifieii*,  and 
be  fpokt  publickly  of  tbe  offen  made  by  bis  lordjbip  to  tbe  lau  Czar,  for  difmembering  hit 
dmieuont,  -  .  •  ^      .        .    •  - 

**  I  beard  Isrd  •  •  •  •  declare  im  a  great  ajemblj,  that  the  domintona  of  the  King  of 

.  Pruffia 


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270         JnfimSicns  is  RtprifenMivis  in  ParUament.       Mzj 


lumi,  in  ddiance  of  th«  above  article  of  a 
moft  iblcmn  treaty  and  engagement  between 
hii  prefent  mrfd^  end  Ae  king  of  Pruffia, 
and  within  leit  than  two  yetrt  from  the  date 
theiefbf ;  by  which  the  honor  and  tvmlic, 
yAiTH  of  the  noHoH  became  a  factifice  to 
gvil  nnnfellort  and  ctrrupi  miniftert:  And 
We  do,  therefore*  reqaeft  of  you,  our  repre- 
ienutives,  and  do»  hereby,  call  opon  you  to 
ofe  your  otmoft  endeavours  to  trace  out«  de- 
tea,  and  bring  to  tondign  ^nifimtnt  all 
iuch  w/ coanfellorf,  and  torrupt  mtnifters, 
by  wbofe  tfrfwV*  the  kationai.  faith 
lias  been  thui  ignominiwjly  froftifutedf  and 
traiterowjly  hrokt  znd  forfeit fd, 

II.  We  defire  and  ei^e^a  that  you  mil! 
enquire  by  whofe  aJvict  it  was,  that  after  a 
cioitiotfs  WAa,  and  a  feries  of  amazing 
conqueftr,  carried  on  with  uninterrupted  (uc- 
cefi  in  erery  part  of  the  globe,  and  beyond 
the  example  of  former  agei,  tkt  moft  ^abtdbU 
of  thofe  conqnefti,  particularly,  the  aicH 
and  important  ckrv  aud  depauUncies  of 
the  Havanna,  and  the  fertile  illands  of 
GoAaxLura  and  Martimxco  wtxt)cedid 
to  the  enemy ;  and  this  at  a  time  when  our^ 
ambaflador,  it  it  /aid,  was  in  aaoal  treaty 
lor  one  of  them,  and  the  ceilion  but  little 
Ktigated  on  the  part  of  the  minifters  of  France, 

'  when  he  received  fpfii^t  orden  to  fign  the 
prtUminary  articles  of  the  peace :  And  we  aKo 
recommend  and  expeft  you  will  enquire  by 
whofe  advice  it  wa«,  that  the  Manilla 
ranfom- money  ftill  detained  and  with-held, 
in  eptn  breach  of  public  honor,  and  public 
faitn  on  the  part  of  the  crown  of  Spain,  and 
in  defiance  of  the  facred  articles  of  capitola- 
lation,  was  not  inftfied  on ;  but  that  juft  and 
national  claim  tamely  and  fubmiflively  givtn 
«/,  to  the  great  difcredtt  of  this  kingdom. 

III,  We  defire  and  expeft  that  you  will 
enquire  by  whofe  advice  it  was  that  as  t  amp- 
act  was  impofcd  upon  the  colonics:  An 
aft,  according  to  the  opinion  of  the  grcar- 
eft  lawyer  in  this  kingdom,  publicly  de- 
clared, •«  To  be  in  it's  very  exiftcnce  abfb- 
lutely  illegal;  contrary  to  the  funda^ 
mental  laws  of  the  confiitution  of  En  c  l  a  N  d  : 
A  conftitutioa,  mhoit foundation  and  ctnter 
isLtBERTYi  which  fends  liberty  to  every 
fubjcft  that  is,  or  tmy  happen  to  h,  within 
any  part  of  it*s  ample  circumference :  Taxa- 
tion and  representation  are  inftparahh,  they 
are  coeval  with,  and  elTeotial  to  our  happy 
conftitution,  and  the  colonies  are  not  repre- 
fented  in  the  Britiflx  parliament.*'  The  fu- 
preme  power  in  the  opinion  of  that  confum* 
mate  reafoner  and  politician  Mr.  Locke, 
"  cannot  uke  from  any  man,  any  part  of  his 
property  nuUbout  bit  own  eonfent  \  And  the 
colonies  have  a  right  to  expeA  and  l«iok  for 
proteffioM  and  not  chains  from  their  mother* 


enmh^:  Wededre,  therefore  that  yon  will 
enquire  by  whofe  tuhiee  it  was^  that  our  co* 
leniea  were  irritated  by  meafores  tnconfifteat 
with  good  policy,  not  to  fay,  common  equity* 
and  thofe  n^caibres  publicly  avowed  and  ile- 
fended  by  general  maxims  and  argumentfft 
which  fbike  at  the  root  of  all  poblick  1 1- 
BBXT  rat  home  and  abroad:  AnisyxNa*  . 
INO  powxa  contended  for  on  one  occa6on, 
and  on  another,  jvKtEt p^eehided  fiom  be- 
ing judges  of  LAW  as  well  as  fact,  ta 
cafes  where  the  liheHy,  the  property^  and 
even  the  l  i  r  x  of  a  ftUow-fubjea  depend  op-  , 
on  their  vxaoicT  t  And  aKo,  by  whofe  ad- 
idee,  and  by  what  authority  a  poriSB 
BIS  wov  was  (ent  to  the  frotefiant  fettlemenC 
of  Canada* 

IV.  We  defire  and  expea  that  you  vnll 
enfmre  by  what  autboritif  it  was,  that  a  re- 
prefentatitfe^  of  the  pe<fle  in  parliament  vraa 
fti»ed  in  his  o4im  himfe,  'drained  out  of  hia 
otim  houft,  and  in  defiance  ofthe  baheas  ctrm 
pus  ad,  and  magna  cbarta,  imprifined  in  tb« 
Tower  of  London}  and  although  for  a  A«t^- 
bie  offence,  no  pcrfon  fuffiered  to  come  near 
him  for  three  d^y  in  order  to  bail  him  s  All 
his  papers  the  moft  feeret  of  them  rifled  and 
carried  away,  under  an  avowed  dedpi  of  col- 
lefting  evidence  apinft  him  for  a  fuppofed  li- 
bel I  thereby  obliging  a  fieebom  Engliflunait 
to  turn  his  own  actufer,  contrary  to  the  knetsm 
laws  of  the  land.  '  We  alfo  defire  and  ez- 
ft&,  that  you  will  ufc  your  utmoft  endea- 
vours to  find  out  by  whom  it  was  that  a  writ 
of  Habtas  Corpus,  granted  by  a  chief  jufiice  was 
eluded,  and  its  authority  difobeyed,  in  time 
of  public  peace  and  tranquillity;  and  the  %€t 
of  Habeas  Corpus,  that  greateft  and  ftrongeft 
bulwark  of  EnghOi  liberty,  broke  down  and 
trampled  under  foot ;  the  powers  of  which 
were  never  known  to  be  even  fnfpended,  but 
in  times  of  public  danger;  of  I'ulpefted  con* 
fpiracies,  open  rebellion,  or  when  a  foreign 
enemy  was  in  arms  in  the  kingdom  t  the  fwf- 
penfioo  of  the  Habeas  Corpus  ad,  though  by 
anchor ity  of  parliament,  is  ever  underfio'^d  to 
be  a  fafpenfion  of  the  libtriy  of  the  JmbjoB* 
And  we,  therefore,  jlcfire  and  expect  that 
you  will  enquire  by  whofe  advice  it  was, 
that  private  peribns  In  office,  armed  with 
that  iron  engine  of  opprefTion,  and  bearing 
that  ignominious  badge  of  flavery  a  gener^ 
warrant,  were  employed  or  fet  on  and  en- 
couraged to  dare  to  do  that  by  thmfe/vre, 
which  king,  lords,  and  commons,  the  three 
efiates  of  the  realm    can  only  do  together, 

V.  We  dpfire  and  recommend  to  you  moft 
earneftly,  to  ufe  your  utmoft  endeavours  to 
promote  a  remedial  bill  in  parliament  for 
quieting  the  pofftjfion  of  the  fobjea,  and  to 
prevent  mintdera  under  the  crown  from,  h«r« 
rafling  the  private  fubje^    with  antif  mated 

Pruflia  were  to  be  fcrambled ;  for  the  meft  indecent^  vulgar,  .and  infamout  expreffionfor  etn  etUp 
eftbetreivm  of  England,  xobitb  any  wuni/ier  ever  uttered*** 

London,  St,  Jamefi  Chromclc,  Hay  3,  1  jS%» 

daiiBiL 


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1 768«        InfiruHms  to  Riprefentatwes  in  PatUamint.        a;  i 


chiiiiii  wtuH^Mi  foitfy  ud  tbrtatt  of  confif- 
cadoo,  gifing  thereby  » /b^k  to  the  wbok 
Jaided  piopetty  throashoat  the  kingdooiy  end 
other  detdUUe  ptoceediogs  incon^eat  with 
the  ffMiom  of  tb^  Britifli  conftitntioii,  and 
the  rig^tt  and  prWileg ea  of  the  pt^fli  f  And 
that  J08  will  do  yoor  utmoft  to  refcne  private 
fioperty  from  the  nokocey  arbitrary  CB- 
cmchfflcnta,  breach  of  faith,  injuftice»  and 
fjruiny  of  profligate  and  corrupt  miniftera* 

VI.  We  re^ueft  alio,  and  recommend  to 
yoo  to  enqoire,  how  it  comes  to  pa(f  that 
the  cldeft  foot  of  peers  of  Scotland^  who 
are  dedired  incapable  to  reprelent  any  bo- 
longh  or  fliire  in  that  kingdom,  ihoold  be 
permitted  to  reprefent  any  borough  or  (hire 
in  England :  And  why,  when  *  aUiht  com- 
Bont  of  Scotland  are,  aceordiag  to  the  *€t  of 
arai0%  reprefdnted^  by  f^rtf-fivt  members  in 
the  Britifli  parliament,  Stntt  Ctmmonert  are 
pernutted  to  reprelent  Engliih,  boroughs,  and 
to  have  additiowa/  voices  in  parliament :  And 
whi^o  the  permitting  Scots  commoners  mnd 
cMeft  foos  of  peers  of  Scotland  to  fit  in  par- 
liament for  Engiifh  boroughs,  be  not  incon- 
fiftent  with,  and  contradiAory  to,  the  true 
j^fiV  of  the  z€t  of  mmen  :  And  whether  a  An- 
gle inftance  can  be  produced  fince  that  aCt 
took  place,  where  any  one  Engliih  coounoner 
was  ever  returned  to  parliament  to  reprefent 
a  flilie  or  borough  in  Scotland  x  We  recom- 
mend to  yoo  in  your  enquiries  to  confider  the 
tnujpirit  of  the  a£i  of  Union :  The  lord's 
hou£s  took  care  to  prevent  any  Northern  ir- 
ruptions upon  the  Engliih  nobility)  the 
dukes  of  Hamilton  and  Queenflierry  are  not 
at  this  day  allowed  to  fit  in  their  houfe,  tho* 
adoaHy  created  Engliih  dukes  by  the  titles 
of  Brandon  and  Dover.  The  wifdom  of  the 
lords  gave  this  conitrufiioo  to  the  a£t  of 
Uiuoq:  Tbey  reibained  and  confined  the 
North-Britiih  reprefeniatives  in  tbtir  houfe 
to  the  number  fixed  by  the  a^  of  Uni- 
on, the  number  fixtcen.  Is  it  not  then  ex- 
traordinary that  the  houfe  of  Ck>mmons 
ihoold  9fem  a  4oor  which  the  other  has/btt/  T- 
Or  can  it  be  fuppofed,  with  any  degree  of 
xeafon  or  propriety,  that  the  framert  of  the 
a£t  of  Union  could  ever  mean  to  bar  acceis 
to  natives  of  Scotland  from  becoming  mem- 
bers of  61U  part  of  the  legiilature  beyond  their 
limited  number,  and  give  them  free  admit- 
tance into  the  other  ?  It  never  was,  it  never 
could  be  their  intent  |  and  if  Scott  commo- 
ners have  not   hitherto  been  expteitly    re- 


firiined  froni  intruding  upon  the  le^flatore 
of  SoBth-Britain  beyond  their  ftipulated 
nomber  by  the  a€l  of  Union,  it  is  time  they 
/btUd  ief;  or,  in  the  prpcefs  of  a  few  years, 
a  fwarm  may  be  brought  in  upon  oathat  may 
be  too  ftrong  for  Eoglifii  reprefeotatives  to 
turn  out*  Remember  the  fpeech  of  one  of 
yonr  prcdeceflbrs,  and  imprint  it  in  yoor 
hearts :  *'  Mrt  Speaker,  I  hear  a  lion  roar- 
ing in  the  lobby )  ihall  we  ihut  the  door,  fir, 
againft  him,  or  Ihall  we  let  him  in,  to  fee  if 
we  are  able  to  turn  him  out  again  f**  If  the 
preient  Scotch  commoners,  alreadv  eleded, 
are  permitted  to  enjoy  their  feats  in  the  1n- 
fuing  parliament,  the  number  will  increafe 
upon  yon  in  another)  and  in  t^me,  all  the 
ful^edt  of  England  will  be  taxed  by  a  ma*- 
jority  of  Scotch  memben :  Flagrant  abfurdi- 
ty  !  Intolerable  yoke !  In  this  cafe,  which  ia 
far  from  being  impofiible,  and  vfhicb  evtnM 
perhaps  is  nearer  talcing  place  than  the  gene- 
rality of  people  may  imagine,  it  it  not  a  For- 
rioji  of  members  of  the  Scotch  parliament 
fent  by  deputation  to  the  Britiib  houfe  of 
commons,  who  fit  there,  but  it  is  the  Scot<b 
pafUanunt  adjourned  to  England.  For  which 
important  reaibns,  we  moft  earneilly  recom- 
mend to  yoo  to  propofe  ah  enquiry  into  the 
true  fpirit  of  the  aft  of  union  )  and  as  fat  ai 
in  yoo  liet,  by  all  conititutional  endeavouit, 
to  exclude  Scotch  commoners  already  eleded, 
exceeding  the  number  of  forty-five,  and  not 
tepreicnting  ihires  or  boroughs  in  Scotland, 
from  a  feat  or  voice  in  the  Britifh  parliament; 
and  to  promote  a  refolution  of  the  houfe  of 
Commons,  whereby  they  may  be  declared 
incapable  to  fit  in  that  houfe  {  and  that  the 
.  Speaker  may  be  ordered  to  iifue  out  hit  war- 
rants to  the  clerk  of  the  crown  to  make  out 
new  writs  for  the  ele^i  ig  reprefeotatives  in 
their  room,  according  to  firmer  precedents  \» 
.  VII.  We  dcfire  and  exped,  that  you  will  ufe 
.your  utmoft  endeavoors,  by  all  coniHtdtional 
meafures  in  your  power,  that  a  law  may  pai^ 
for  reftiring  triennial  parliaments  t  Trienniaf 
parliaments  were  eftabliihed  foon  after  J  the 
glorious  revolution  took  place,  which  faved 
this  kingdom  from  impending,  from  inevi* 
table  deilrofkion:  They  were  eftabliihed  aa 
the  beil  fecurity  for  the  conftitution  againft 
the  arbitrary  attempts  of  all  wicked  and  de- 
figniog  miniilera  in  futuro)  frequent  elec- 
tions deprive  them  of  that  enormous  infiuence 
and  pi,^r  they  now  have  to  corrupt  the  re- 
prefenutives  of  the  people,  and  to  fecjre  a 


*  Article  ^2  of  the  AEl  of  Union,  *' A%orit  fija'l  he  immeiiately  iffued,  &c.  For  the  fum* 
montng  tbefixteen  peers,  andfer  eleBini  forty  fi'ue  members,  by  whom  Scotland  is  to  be  rcprc- 
femeo  in  the  parliament  of  Great-Bricain.'* 

•f* "  December  6,  1708.  The  commons  ordered  their  Speaker  to  iiTue  out  his  warrants  to 
the  clerk  of  the  crown  to  make  out  new  writs  for  the  ele£Ung  commiifioners  for  the  ihire  of 
Aberdeen,  in  the  room  of  William  Lord  Haddo  }  and  for  the  ihire  of  Linlithgo^v,  in  the 
xoom  of  Jamet  lord  Johnilown,  who  being  eidefi  font  of  peers  of  Scotland,  were  dechred  to 
he  incapable  to  fit  in  that  houfe."  Barui  much  greattr  tbt  impropriety  for  fuch  commoners,  or  any 
Scots-Commoner  lobat'evtr,  to  fit  in  that  houfe  for  ILfiinjb  Jbiret  or  b^t  ought  I 

t  I>tctmber  2a,   1694. 

•  venal 


Digitized  byCjOOQlC 


27^ 


When  Triennial  Parliaments  laid  aftde. 


May, 


4t, 


veoal  majority  of  memboft  in  tb«  bodt  of   fiith  •a'  «t  tonally  ia  force  «H9  it  at  thb 

commons*  whicl)  might  prev«ot»   or  put  a  Rtmktiimtk     SeptoaiiMil  ptHitracntr  ha^  % 

to,  an  ea^uiriet  into  Uweir  puUic  coodnct.  long  time  been  cempbined  of  at  a  heavy  na- 

TBefe  confiitutioual  triemnial  pariiamentt  were  tiomi  giieiwice,  and  am  be  agreeable  to  none 
6tft  unconftitutUaally  laid  afide  in  the  year  *  but  in-defifaing  mioiilcrt,  and  felfMoterefted 

271B.  on  ^fiatc  iucejity,'imd  when  the  pub-  repreientativca  et'   the    people  i  the  fooner 

lic>ai  thought  to  be  in  iwme^tmtt  dingei  j  a  therefore  they  aie  abohflied,   and  triennial 


pacUameati  reftored,  the  feoner  may  we  ex- 
pe£t.tbe  balqroo  retarn  of  public  virtue,  to 
ble6  thefii  kiogdomr  |  the  fooner  may  we  ex« 
pefib  to  broire  the  head  of  corruption,  aJ^d  to 
keep  down  all  afpiring,  arbitrary,  over-bear-^ 
in^  favoaritet,    ever  af    daogerout  ai  ob«  - 
nomoua  to  the  community.    MmiAerv  and  ' 
favountn  have  the  meanf   of  xomiption 
noer  ia  their   haodt^   bot^thefe  -would    be  * 
greatly  4(aMni(hed,  '<  if  nOC  tmly  the  fifJUnt 
of  paHtameati  but  the  parliament  itfilf  were  * 
redueed  to  the  MM rar  aad  ^r/M/rrve  confHtu- 
tioa  and  pradice  offitf^ewt  and  ngw  parlia- 
menU  J  :A>r  ai  a  ^^  miniftry  will  neither   ' 
pra&ice  or  need  oorro^tioo,   fo  it  cannot  he  ' 
any  aun*t  intent  to  provide  for  the  fecurity  of 
a^i/oooV* 

For  thefe  reafont,  and  many  others  i^hich 
could  be  added,  being-  thoroughly  convioced 
of  the  ntility  arifing  to  the  nation  fromjhort     . 
parlitmeats,   and   the  great    danger  anfing  ' 
to  the  coaftitution    frotk   hnrontti  and  aa 
being  alfo  a  meant  to  curb  the  growth  and  " 
prevtnt  the  fpreading  of  corruption,  and  to 
repair  the  breachet  made  in  the  conftitutioo 
by  the  innovation  of  a  feptennid  parliament, 
and  to  Kmedy  the  difappointment  fo  feverely 
felt  by  the  ilation  in  1721,  when  triennial 
parliaments  were  not,  according  to  the  uni- 
verfal  expcdaiion  of  the  people,  reilored  to 
them,  aadthe  conftituuonal  rights   and  li- 
berttet  of  the  commons  of  England  thereby 
more   firmly  fecored  and  eftabKflicd,  on  the 
bafts  -f  built  for  them  by  their  great  and  glo-    ' 
rJoot  deliverer  King  William,  to  whom  we 

•  LeriTt  pretift  /«  1 7 1 6. 

"  //  it  the  fate  •/  weak  tri meet,"*  fay  t  Lord  Ljtteftot,  "  te  ibhk  that  they  are  never  fo  we-l 
fervtd  MS  ky  ib»fe  •f  wboje  authority  the  people  complain  the  moft ;  and  to  make  the  public 
hatred  a  ground  of  their  confidence  ^  as  iffucbperfons,  baw'ftF  no  other  Jlrefigtb  er  proteSiom 
to  depend  upon,  mufi  belong  mott  to  tbem,  and  be  more  devotedly  atuched  to  their  iftterejf,** 

Hiflory  of  Henry  the  fecond. 

f  In  the  bill  of  rizhtt  pajfed  February  13,  16^-9  h  the  following  article  ir  clanfe:  Art. 
23.  "  And  that  for  rodrefs  9f  all  grievances,  and  for  the  amending,  ftrengthening  and  ptt'> 
ferving  of  the  lawt,  parliamenes  ongBt  to  be  held  frequently*^* 

A  parliament  rfa  long  cantinuaneefeemod  to  be  very  dangerous,  either  to  the  crown  or  to  the. 
nation  :  Jftte  cooj  unsure  and  their  proceedings  gave  them  mucb  eredit,  they  might' grow  very 
mneajjf  to  the  cromn,  as  happened  in  King  Charles  thej!rjl*s  time\  or  in  anther  fiuati^of  affairs^ 
they  might  be  fo  traaifed  tipon  by  the  court,  that  they  might  give  all  the  money,  and  all  the  liber- 
ties 0/*  E/^land  up,  when  they  were  to  have  a  large  (hare  of  the  money,  and  were  to  be  made 
the  indruments  */*tyranny  5  as  it  was  in  King  Charles  the  fecond' t  time.  It  was,  likcwije^  hoped^ 
that  frtf^ws^t  parliaments  %nouldpmt  an  end  to  the  great  expence  candidates  put  tbtmfetvei  to  ik 
eleaioni ;  And  that  it  would  oblige  the  members  to  behate  themfclve«/»  well,  bo^h  with  rMpeS 
to  the  public,  and  in  their  private  deportment,  as  to  itcommtnA  tbem  to  their  elellors  at  Thne 
yean  end  s  HHyereas,  when  a  parliament  was  to  fa  many  years,  m<9nbers  covered  with  pri  ilcgct 
were  apt  to  take  great  liberties,  forgot  that  they  reprefented  others,  and  took  care  only  of 
themfelvet.  So  that  it  was  thought  that  England  would  have  a  truer  reprefenrative,  when  it 
was  chcfen  anew  tvtry  third  year,  thou  when  it  run  on.  Bi^  Bmrnet'i  hifi.  Vol.  XL  ' 

X  owe 


Scotch,  rebellion  barely  ^ua(bedg    and  in  the 

infancy  of  a  new  fucceiiioo  to   the  thiooet 

Unconflitutionally  Uid  a^de,  hccauiiB  ^  t*ap^ 

had  no  choict  of  their  repeeiiBntativct  \  aad 

furely  nothmg  could  be  more»  ettravagantly 

abfurd  than  that  the  reprefiatativt  A  the 

feople  ihonld  choofe  ihemftlvatt  votedbemfelvoa 

into  their  own  feati,  and  fit  Ulte^aira  in  their 

awn  ri^ht,  at  the  fame  time  dctivii^  their 

aothonty  fifom  the  people:  A  mamfeft  con* 

fra^&ion  in  terms  f  Mp  man.ceaftitatioaaliy 

cat  continue    himfelf  in  deputation  for  a 

hnger  term  of  years  than  he  is  d^pmtadfirt 

And  the  houfe  of  peers  and  the  hoolc  of  00m- 

ntrni  whieh  continued  that  rrr#iiiw4i//Parlia* 

nent  of  17 16  fat /even  yeart,  might  by  the 

fame  authority  have  continued  it  for  a  term 

fiill   longer,   might  have  vmAt  it  ferpetmal% 

and  this  would  have  been  an  ettpreje  and  ah* 

folute  fubverfioa  of  the  third  eftate  of  the 

realm.    The  houfe  of  commons  that  did  it 

wat  no  houfe  of  commons  of  £ngbnd»  afker 

the  expiration  of  the  three  ^ean  fot  which 

they  were  eleded  i  at  that  time  ihey  became 

a  houfe  merely  of  common,  or  rather  mn- 

common  mtttp  and,  ftriftly  fpeaking,  were  no 

longer  a  Koufe  of  parliament^   or  compofed 

the  third  efiate  of  the  kingdom. 

The  ufurfatioa  of  thelc  feptennial  parlia" 
ments  (for  lo,  perhaps,  it  might  be  called) 
has  been  continued  ever  fioce,  though  the 
fame  reafons,  (Jlau  neceffities)  which  then 
prevailed,  are  no  more  in  being,  and  fubfift 
no  longer  \  but  the  fame  reafons  for  eftabliih- 
ing  ihort  and  triennial  parliameou 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Manners,  Gfr.  ofsbe  Turks. 


•we  reltgloo»  lawy  and  liberty  s  For  thefe 
feafiwt  we  do  moft  earoeAij  recommend  to 
yon,  oor  reprefeotatives,  end  cfpecullj  if  you 
profefi  rewimtiofi  frifuip/ts,  to  ufe  all  confti- 
totiooal  meant  in  your  power,  that  a  law 
jnay  be  palled,  in  the  approaching  feffioo, 
for  limiting  the  duration  of  this  frejeut  and 
all/«fifr«  parliamenU  to  tukix  VXAKSat 

MOST. 

VIII.  We  do  alft)  recommend  to  yoo,  to 
promote  an  enquiry^  hy  which  the  confti- 
totion  itCelfm^y  be  examined  into  according 
to  it* tjirji  prificiplciy  in  order  to  corred  fuch 
nbaiea  aa  may  have  crept  in  through  length 
of  time,  and  to  fopply  fuch  defc£b  u  may 
be  wanting,  Aod  to  reftore  it  aa  ntarly  aa  it 
can  be  done  to  it't  $riiimMl  prindplett  And 
alib»  that  the  reprcfentative  authority  of  thia 
kingdom  may  be  more  tqualfy  (iettled. 

IX*  We  recommend  to  you,  and  ftridly 
charge  yooy  carefully  and  impartially  to 
enquire  into  the  condud  of  all  fuch  retmnuag 
§Juen,  of  whoTe  proceedingi  complaint  fluU 
at  any  time  be  made  before  the  houfe  9  and  to 
^ji^it*  to  the  MMtiom  by  bringiogYiU  fuch  to 
emdiia  pmuiJbmtMtf  who  fliall  appear  to  have 
violated  Che  right  of  fruUUtn  »d  Ugal  v$un 


273 

at  ekdionaj  thereby  inva^ng  the  birth- 
right and  priTilege  of  the  Britifb  fubjedy 
and  flagrantly  infulting  the  iomftituttom 
and  liberty  oi  their  country  *• 

We  alfo  recommend  to  you,  to  promote  m 
bill  for  laying  a  duty  of  101.  per  hundred 
vreight  on  fogari  which  according  to  the  beA 
calculation  made  by  a  late  great  chancellor 
of  the  exchequer^  (Mr.  Legge)  univerfaliy 
acknowledged  to  be  the  moft  AhUfnandtr  in 
Europtt  will  raife^  500,000 1 .  per  annum  { 
And  to  repeal  thereby  the  additional  tax  up* 
on  beer  fubftit^ted  in  it*s  room  in  the  yeaf 
1754,  and  which  hai  ever  finee  been  levied 
with  fuch  peculiar  cruelty  and  oppreil.oft 
upon  the  laborioua  poor  of  thit  great  king* 
dom  \  the  poor,  alrea<iy  diftrefled  and  almoift 
famidied  by  the  high  and  extravagant  piicct. 
of  provifiont  and  com{  the  redo^on  of 
which  high  and  extravagant  pricet  we  aliii 
moft  carneftly  recommend  to  your  conGdc- 
Mtion  in  parliament  \  and  that  you  will  uTe 
your  utmoA  endeavours  to  give  relief  to  the 
crying  and  very  alarming  neceffities  of  the  in- 
digent aod  induftriout  part  of  the  nation^ 
your  fellow- fubjedt,  and  many  of  them  your 
toa/htMOits  and  eitffon. 


^  Ja  ibt  houfe  pf  Commas  of  JroUudt  in  the  S0ms  ^1756,  tbtfrofeat  earl  ofA'tMu^  {thm 
Sir  Arthur  Gore)  upon  a  fetition  hejirt  the  bouftf  complaining  of  uudufproceedingt,  and  afilfi 
return  for  the  couutf  of  Watford^  made  ufe  of  thit  remark^le  exprejpon  in  a  dehate  *'  that 
the  kingdom  of  Ireland  had  heeu  (courged  by  Ihcriflfa :  and  momed  the  houfe  that,  the  high 
Jheriff  of  IVexfo'd,  having  oBed  in  au  arbitrary ,  Ulegal  manner,  betoken  into  the  cafody  of  tha 
ferjeamt  at  arms  attending  the  houfof  and  bi  tommtttd  to  Newgate }  vr^xV^  vtat  agreed  to  by  tho 
houfe  toithout  a  divf/iou. 


Am  impartial  REVIEW  eT  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


QBSERFATIONS  on  the  Religion,  Law, 
Government  and  Manuen  of  tho  Turks. 
%  volt,  i%mo»    Nourfe. 

This  ia  a  feofible,  entertaining  perform- 
xoce,  aod  u  it  contain?  many  things  which 
we  do  not  remember  to  have  feeo  fo  acc(i« 
ratdy  handled  in  any  account  of  the  Turkifli 
manners  we  (hall  give  an  extract  from  it»  for 
the  entertainment  of  our  retders* 

<*  The  Turks  are  flrong  ia  their  pirentsl 
aflfeftloos,  and  the  children  reciprocal  in  their 
obedience^  fubmifliony  and  filial  duty  t  fuch 
education  leads  them  to  much  feeoiing  mo- 
defly  with  their  Aiperiors,  and  the  young 
men  to  great  veneration  towards  the  old. 
Perhaps  this,  with  their  total,  and  very  ear- 
ly feparation  from  women,  has  infufed  that 
remarkable  bathfalnefi  in  their  behaviour  to* 
wards  them,  and  occaBons  that  refped  with 
which  they  treat  the  fex. 

A  man,  meeting  a  woman  in  the  ftrcets^ 
turns  his  head  from  her,  as  if  it  were  for- 
hidden  to  look  on  her  :  they  feem  to  deteft 
an  impudent  womaoy  Aun  and  avoid  her. 

Anyone^  thertfoici  among  the  Chrifttant^ 

May,  176s. 


who  may  have  diicuffions  or  altercations  witk 
Turks,  if  he  hat  a  woman  of  fpirit,  a  virago 
for  his  wife,  fets  her  to  rout  and  brow-  beat 
them  \  and  by  this  means  not  unfrequently 
gains  his  point. 

The  higheft  difgrace  and  Aame  woold  at* 
tend  a  Turk  who  /bould  rtihly  lift  hit  hand 
againft  a  woman}  all  he  can  venture  to  do, 
it  to  treat  her  with  har(h  and  contemptuous 
words,  or  to  go  off. 

The  fex  lay  fuch  ftrefs  on  this  privilege^ 
that  they  are  frequently  apt  to  in'iulge  their 
paflioos  to  exceft,  to  be  moft  onreafoaable  in 
their  claims,  and  violent  and  irregular  in  the 
purfuit  of  them.  They  will  importune, 
teaee,  and  infult  a  judge  on  the  bench  \  or 
even  the  Vistr  at  his  d^van  t  The  officers  of 
jufHoe  do, not  knoyv  how  to  refeot  their  tur* 
bulence  :  and  it  is  a  general  obfervatioOf 
that  to  get  well  rid  of  them,  they  often  givt 
them  their  caufe. 

A  remarkable  fcene  was  aAed  by^he  wo* 
men  at  the  acceffion  of  fulun  Muftapba. 

His  Viair,  Regib  Mehemet  Pafha,  who» 
towards  the  co4  of  d)CptfC^ipgi  r9>gQ«  !>*' 


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«74 


A  Strange  Advbntvrb. 


May 


Imiod  bimrdf  luifttble  in  bit  poft,  and  who 
txpeded  daily  by  the  iDternal  intrigues  of 
the  Scraflio  to  be  dcpofed,  negleded  to  pro- 
vide the  neceflary  fopply  of  corn  and  rice  ftr 
the  yearly  confuroption  of  the  city  though  an 
•ilentitl  part  of  hif  duty  j  the  publick  gran.A- 
ritf  were  almoft  empty,  and  left  rice  than 
uAial  had  been  ittported  t  however^  contrary 
to  hit  expe€bition,  he  found  hitnfelf  in? ef^ed 
with  full  power  by  the  new  Sultan,  and  ren- 
dered abfohite ;  but  then  it  wai  too  bte  in 
the  feafon  for  him  to  introduce  plenty. 
Bread  mixed  up  with  oatf,  barley,  millet  and 
fandy  wu  dear  and  fcarte  j  and  rice  hardly  to 
be  bought  at  any  t>rice. 

In  tbif  diftreffy  the  men  bore  their  want 
with  paffite  and  fuller)  difcontent  $  but  the 
women,  impatient  and  dating,  a&mbled  in 
a  confiderable  body,  and  with  hammeri, 
chifTeli^  and  filea,  attacked  the  magazine!, ^ 
where  they  preteaded  rice  wat  in  great 
%oantitiei  monopolized.  No  oppofidon  could 
ftop  them  and  wbilft  the  poblick  officsra 
were  perplexed  what  party  to  take,  they  broke 
open  locks,  bars,  aad  bolts,  entered  the  ma- 
gaAinet,  tdok  with  them  fuch  quantities  as 
they  could  carry  off,  and  went  away  unmd- 
lefted. 

None  of  theie  female  rioters  were  ever  pn- 
•i(hed,  as  far  as  we  knew  ^  and  if  you  fpoke 
to  a  grave  Turk  about  them,  he  would  tell 
yOQ  with  a  fncer,  it  was  onty  a  mutiny  of 
turbulent  women. 

I  have  heard  it  averred  by  a  perfon  of 
great  veracity,  who  had  lived  for  fome 
years  in  a  Sultan*s  Haram  of  the  blood- royal, 
that  it  was  impoffible  tor  women  to  behave 
with  utore  decency  and  roodeftf  than  the 
Tnrki(h  ladies  did,  and  that  they  treated  each 
•ther  With  the  greateft  pclitenefs. 

In  familiri  of  the  higher  dafs,  where  edo- 
Catioo  is  more  ezalted,  where  reading  of  their 
•wn  language,  or  the  Arabian  is  probably  cul- 
tivated I  precepts  of  virtue  and  morality,  of 
gentle  demeanor  and  good  breeding,  chtftity 
cf  manneri,  with  whatever  decorates  the 
Sex,  and  renders,  them  amiable,  may  be  in- 
culcated. 

But,  in  general,  ft  is  known  that  the 
women  who  are  fold  or  piefented  to  their 
great  men,  either  for  wivet  or  concubiiies, 
have  their  price  and  value  regolated  not  on- 
ly according  to  the  beauty  or  forni  of  the  per- 
Ibn,  but  accord  ng  to  Lhofe  Jicquired  graces, 
•nd  artificial  allurements,  which  they  have 
Induftiioufly  been  taught s  tbefe  are  always 
fuch  as  may  conduce  to  raife  and  inflame 
the  pa(riont.  Hence  they  teach  them  vocal 
aod  inlbumental  onufic  j  certain  peculiar  af- 
ie^lions  in  ihelr  gak;  and  often  fuch 
dancea  as  to  a  modeft  fpe&ator  would  appear 
lather  indecent. 

Fa£(8  by  wh'ch  we  can  be  thoroughly  af- 
fured  of  the  female  cbaraderiflic  in  Turkey, 
ate  difiicult  to  come  at  i   accident  may  ihrow 
4 


them  in  our  ways  onefdl  !a  mine,  which, 
if  it  did  not  feem  to  foggeft  too  uncharitable 
and  ungenerous  a  way  of  thinking,  might 
lead  us  to  judge  of  the  whole  s  Crimint  ak 
MHO  dtfet  9mwes* 

The  Harems  of  great  men,  that  is  all  the 
ladies,  and  their  attendants,  ate  in  the  fum- 
mer  feafon  frequently*  permitted  to  walk 
abroad  an  firing  on  foot,  either  in  the  fieMi 
on  the  borders  of  the  Bofphotus,  or  other 
fuch  public  places:  Thefe  parties  gene* 
rally  confift  of  twenty  or  thirty,  and  ibme- 
times  of  forty  or  fifty  women,  according  to 
the  opulence  of  the  mafter  i  aod  they  are  al« 
waya  attended  by  the  guardians  of  their 
chaflity  the  Black  Eunuchs. 

It  if  common  with  the  Francs  or  Chrif* 
tian  foreigners  to  pafs  over  to  the  A0atic  fide 
of  the  Bofphonis  for  an  evening*s  recreadon. 
Two  of  them  went  thither  as  ufual  with 
ladies,  attended  by  Janizaries  and  fervanca. 
As  they  were  returning  (lowly,  they  heard  k 
confufed  noife  of  female  voices  ibilowiog 
them.  Tbeir  curiofity  prompted  them  tt» 
fee,  as  well  as  hear:  They  turned  Ihor^ 
and  ftoppedr  They  found  thefe  voices  pro- 
ceeded from  two  Harems,  compofed  of  near 
forty  women }  Their  faithful  watchmen  the 
BlKks  attended  on  each  fide,  guarding  them, 
though  at  fome  diftance.  One  of  the  fpec* 
tators  flood  longer,  and  with  more  earneft- 
neff  to  contemplate  their  figure  and  beha- 
viour. He  thought  they  would  rather  avolA 
tbao  approach  him*  He  was  miflakcn» 
For  on  a  fudden,  he  found  J^imfelf  feized  by 
a  feeming  dapper  bri/k  girl,  followed  by  the 
whole  band  $  who  firfl  accoftiog  him  with 
indelicate  amorous  expletives,  and  after  with 
foothing  and  tender  exprei^ions,  attempted 
to  unravel  the  myflery  of  his  whole  drds. 

The  force  of  the  condiA,  and  the  army 
of  females  about  him,  left  him  but  the  fin- 
gle  refource  of  laughter  and  ftnigglcs  t  he 
could  not  debarrafs  himfelf  from  fuch  nu- 
ineroui,  determined  affailants  by  threats  nor 
intreatlts;  nor  vanquifh  the  vebemence  of 
their  curioAty,  by  reprefentiog  the  (hame  t4 
Which  they  expofed  ihemfdves,  by  a  behi^ 
viour  fo  grofly  and  fo  publ'ckly  indecent. 

An  old  janizary  attending  him,  flood  at 
fome  diftance,  as  it  vrere  in  anute.  Ria 
Mahometan  ba(hfu^neia  would  not  permit 
him  to  advance  towards  women  {  nor  would 
he  have  dared  to  lay  his  handa  on  them  : 
all  he  ventured  at  in  the  fray,  was  to  work 
up  a  ftern  countenance  towards  the  Black 
^unucht,  and  with  a  Stentoirian  voice  to 
exclaim  againft  them  aod  thetir  wards,  tel- 
Ilog  them  they  were  the  guardana  of  proftl- 
tutci;  rather  than  of  modeft  women }  and 
urging  them  to  exert  themfelvea  to  free  tho 
^an  from  fuch  importunate  violaton.— Alt 
in  vain. 

^  A  young  man  of  the  companv,  a  foreignei'^ 
ttth^r  envying  the  tflhcfi  ox  prompted  by  com* 


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*768. 


"WilkcsV  Hi/iory  vf  England. 


^15 


paOion  it  feeing  hit  untowtrd  iituation, 
boldly  advanced)  and  aa  he  fpoke  more 
tTurkifla  thin  the  perfon  engaged,  began  to 
cxpoilulate  with  them,  fometimei  with  a 
fmile,  and  Ibmetimes  with  a  frown.  Whe- 
ther his  countenance,  hit  form,  or  his 
greater  youth,  were  more  attraftlvc,  they  at 
©ace  quitted  hold  of  their  firft  prey,  flew  ot\ 
him  with  eager  and  inquifuive  handsy  and 
yvhllft  he  underwent  the  fame  treatment, 
^ave  the  other  time  to  reach  his  boat.  The 
youth  robod  and  a£live,  difengaged  himfelf 
after  much  ihuggling,  and  at  length  with 
difficulty  faved  himfelf  by  flighty  happy  not 
■  to  have  been  quite  flripprdi  and  to  have  been 
able  to  join  the  company  with  decent  cover- 
ing. 

II.  Tbt  Bijiory  0/ Engl  and  /rem  the  Revo- 
hition  to  the  Accrjfion  of  the  Brunfwiclc  Lint. 
By  John  Wi|kes,  Efy;  vol.  1.  4/0.     Almon. 

What  is  here  pubhflied  of  this  much-ex- 
peQed  work,  though  it  ii  called  volumo  thf 
frftf  is  nothing  more  than  an  introduction  of 
thirty  nine  pages  very  loofcly  printed,  but  at 
the  coocluHon  of  it,  we  are  inrormed  that 
the  reigni  of  King  William,  and  Queen 
Anne,  are  in  the  prefs  and  will  fpeedily  be 
publiftied  ;  from  the  prefent  fpecimcn,  how- 
ever, if  we  may  venture  »o  form  any  judg- 
bent,  it  will  be  a  matter  of  little  confequence 
to  the  world  whether  they  arc  publiAed  or 
Dot;  the  fample  before  us  neither  contains 
any  thing  ezremely  new,  nor  extremely  ma(^ 
terly— it  it  a  common  place  declamation  00 
the  tyranny  of  the  Stuarts  from  the  acceflion 
of  the  pedant  James  the  Firft  to  the  abdica- 
tion of  that  arbitrary  bigot  his  |randfony 
and  is  dedicated  in  the  following  words. 

To  tbt  GentUmeriy  Clergy,  and  Fretbcldtrt  of 
thi  County  of  MiJdlefex,  to  Truth  and  to  Liber" 
ty,  tbit  votive  offering  it  made  by  John  ffl/iet» 

"The  variety  with  which  we  arc  neccHa- 
rily  obliged  to  furniib  our  readers,  will  not 
allow  OS  to  give  any  confiderable  extraft  from 
this  performance,  for  tfieirown  fakes  there- 
fore, we  hope  they  win  be  contented  with 
^e  little  which  we  can  lay  before  them,  ef- 
pecially  as  the  ch  ef  recommendation  of  that 
Httle,  though  taken  from  the  beft  place  of 
the  inti!Odadion,  is  the  popularity  of  its  au- 
ihar, 

.  "  Liberty  was  the  ilte£k,  avowed  princi- 
ple of  the  Englifli  at  the  Revolution,  aa 
much  as  of  the  Romans  at  the  expuUion  of 
the  whole  family  of  the  Tarquins.  Tacituf 
fays,  **  libtrtatem  tt  eofiJuUtum  Brutut  infti' 
tuiC*  **  Brutus  cAablifhed  liberty  and  the 
confulftip.  ••  The  prefervation  of  the  laws 
and  liberties  of  Great  Britain  was  the  letter 
as  well  as  the'fpirit  of  every  declaration  made 
vj  iht  Prince  of  Orange.  The  families  of 
Brutus  and  NaHau  will  be  gratefully  remem- 
bered by  all  poftcrtty  as  the  avengers  of  ty- 
ranny, and  the  protestors  of  the  freedotn  of 
their  nation^   and  of  ZDafikind.    The  firft 


Bnitus  drove  out  the  Tarqniof,  ^d  died  glo- 
rioufly  in  the  field,  fighting  againft  the  ene- 
mies of  his  country.  The  laft  Brutus  deli- 
vered Rome  from  the  tyranny  of  C«far,  and 
gave  liberty  to  his  fellow  citizens,  but  he 
could  not  give  that  public  virtue,  by  which 
a'one  it  Can  be  preferved  and  fecured.  The. 
firft  Na'au  delivered  his  country  from  the 
intolerable  yoke  of  Spain  and  the  inquifition, 
when  Phillip  II  endeafoured  to  enHave  the 
Netherlands,  He  founded  the  free  republic 
of  the  united  provinces,  and  fell  a  vi^m 
in  the  caufe  of  liberty.  The  laft  NaOaa 
preferved  the  independency  of  his  own 
country,  generoufly  rifked  every  thing  in  de- 
fence of  the  liberties  of  England,  fettled  a 
juft  and  equal  plan  of  freedom,  and  made 
three  kingdoms  happy  under  a  mOd  and 
temperate  government. 

<'  From  the  Revolution  the  fovereign  and 
the  fubje^  have  continued  iirm  to  a  free 
and  Well-tempered  monarchy,  built  on  the 
bafis  of  poblick  liberty.  England  has  beei| 
an  empire  of  mild  and  equal  laws,  Mon- 
tefquicu  obferves,  '*  ily  a  unt  nation  dans  U 
fiandi,  qui  a  pour  ohjet  dire5i  de  fa  confiitif- 
tion  la  liberte  folitigui.**  **  There  is  a  na- 
tion in  the  world,  which  has  for  the  diredi^ 
end  of  i^'s  c6nftlturion  political  liberty.** 
Efprit  des  £oiz'.  book  nth,  chapter  5th^ 
This  is  now  woven  into  every  part  of  our 
conftitution,  and  though  we  were  at  any 
particular  crifis  betrayed  or  fold  to  our  princes^ 
though  in  the  in6nite  lapfe  of  agea  a  venal 
parliament,  or  a  profligate  foldiery,  might 
arife,  who  would  bargain  for  our  liberties, 
the  people  will  not  fail  to  refume  their  rights, 
and  exercife  themfelves  on  a  great  emergency 
the  power  thty  only  lend  to  their  magif. 
trates  and  governors.  The  conduct  of  the 
Romans  was  remarkable,  and  ought  to  bf 
a  wuning  to  us.  They  expelled  the  Tar- 
guins  almoft  as  unanimoufly  as  we  did  the 
Stuarts.  They  boafted  of  being  the  only 
free  nation,  yet  at  laft  became  the  fiaves  of 
one  family  horn  generation  to  generation, 
and  if  now  and  then  a  faint  ray  of  freedom 
beamed  forth,  they  foon  (unk  again  into 
darknefs*  They  had  made  tHe  moft  Qion« 
firous  grants  to  the  fovereign,  Jibi  omnia  li" 
€irt  et  in  omnttf  that  to  bim  all  tvai  lawful^ 
and  againft  all,  yet  when  Nero  grew  a  noon- 
fter  of  tyranny,  they  ordered  him  to  be  pu- 
nifbed  more  majirum,  although  it  is  difiiculf 
to  conceive  how  after  fuch  a  formal  funender 
oi^  every  thing,  he  could  be  guilty  of  any  a^ 
of  uijuilice  or  tyranny.  Nature  rfcmon- 
ftrated  at  6rft|«gainft  fo  fhatneful  a  grant^ 
and  afterwarffcommanded  the  refumption.** 

III.  The  Fool  of  Sl^lity  or  the  Hiftor^ 
of  Henry  Earl  of  Moreland,  im  four  Vohnpu^ 
iol.  3.     By  Mr*  Brooke.     Johnfton. 

If  there  is  not  much  order  preferved  in  tho 
eompofitioo  of  this  work,  it  at  leaft  contain^ 
oiuch  benevolence^  and  thoy^  it  may  offend 

M  m  a  tho 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tl^  NovBLS  Cha 

the  rigid  rolei  of  eriticifm  by  the  c^ntiniul 
epifodei  into  which  it  is  bntnching,  it  cannot 
but  be  feiiriceable  to  the  intereftt  of  mor'^lity 
-^m  thii  account  we  recommend  it  to  the 
proreAion  of  the  puMtc,  and  are  certain  it 
5^11  be  found  greatly  fuperior,  ootwithftand- 
sog  it!  irregularity,  to  moftot'  the  numberlefa 
novels  which  have  of  late  yean  iflued  from 
the  preft. 

IV.  The  niw  aarifs:  A  tru  HiJIory,  by 
Madawu  dt  Beaumont,  2  voU.  %V9,     Nourfe. 

Perfooa  of  an  eothuiiaftic  torn  may  pof- 
fibly  find  en'^ertainmcot  in  thit  peformance, 
bat  we  d-k  not  think  it  will  be  highly  accep 
table  to  thofe  who  entcrtaia  the  moft  juft  and 
liber?]  ideal  of  morality. 

V.  *rbt  Orphan  Daugbten  a  Moral  Tali, 
By  the  Jmtbt  of  Emily  mi/it,  *  wis.  llm. 
Noble. 

A  freih  repaft  for  the  craving  appetitei  of 
Aofc  foft  foul'd  young  ladies  who  principally 
exift  opon  the  romance!  of  a  circulating 
library.  , 

VI.  Light  Summer  Reading  for  Ladiet :  Or^ 
the  Hiftory  of  Lady  Lucy  Fentoo,  3  volt,  itmo. 
Robinfon  and  Roberts, 

A  very  juft  title  of  this  prcfcnt  work  Is  In- 
deed, Light  Summer  Reading  for  Ladiet. 

Vn.  The  wfting  Day,  2  vob,  l%fo. 
Lowndet. 

If  our  country  was  to  be  judged  of,  by  the 
number  of  its  novels,  we  Ihould  certainly  be 
thought  the  moft  amorous  nation  in  the 
worH,  but  if  our  literary  chara^ler  was  to 
le  eftimated  by  the  general  merit  of  thcfe 
produaions,  (and  the  Vifiiing  day  is  no  bet- 
ter than  the  generality,)  there  is  not  a  ni- 
tion  in  the  uorld  which  would  be  more 
beartUy  laughed  at  by  every  feUfible  foreigner. 

VIII.  7be  point  of  Honour^  2  volt,  izmo. 
Noble. 

We  are  in  reality  not  a  Httic  embarraflcd 
to  find  new  modes  of  prefling  the  fame  fen- 
timents  j  there  is  fuch  a  conftant  fimilarity 
in  the  flimfey  compofitions  of  the  clfcularing 
library  that  what  we  fay  of  one  produaion 
tnight  with  the  otmoft  propriety  fiand  as  the 
charaaer  of  fifty,  and  therefore  we  ihall  only 
lay  of  the  author  at  prefent  under  our  eon- 
fideration  that  he  ii  as  large  a  dealer  in  love 
and  foft  nonfenfe  as  the  common  run  of  hii 
cotemporaries. 

IX.  The  Adventioret  of  Mift  Lucy  Watfon 
2  vol  itmo.     Nicol. 

Much  loveai  ufual,  deep  diftrefs,  and  mon- 
Urous  improbability. 

X.  Medtcal  Tranfaffions,  fubKJbed  by  the 
^/rrrc/  Phffiiant  in  Lond^  vol.  1   8t/» 

In  this  performance  the  medical  reader 
will  meet  with  many  nfcful  difcoveries  made 
by  gentlemen  of  the  firft  eminence  in  the 
ph  fical  world,  and  it  is  unnecefTary  to  fay 
*ny  thing  farther  in  its  recommendation., 

XI.  4«  jinfwer  t9  Mr.  Horace  Wilpole'i 


RACt*BRiSED.  May 

late  mrk,  entitled  Hiflorie  Doubti  on  the  Reign 
and  Lift  9/  Kinw  Richard  tb^  Third.  Hy 
F.  W.  C.  of  the  Middle  Temple,  1  vol,  Ato% 
White. 

The  author  of  this  anf^er,  if  he  is  not  ft 
very  able  writer  ia  at  Icaft  a  very  civil  one, 
and  we  may  always  be  certain  that  a  mun  ia 
not  wholly  without  merit  who  entertains  a 
modeft  idea  of  his  own  abilities. 

XII.  yf  Defence  of  my  Uncle.  Tramjlatei 
from  the  French  of  M,  De  Voltairci    1  fmall 

vol.  %vo,    Bladon. 

Thia  is  a  ftran^e,  yet  not  unentertaining« 
Medley  of  EfTays  upon  fubjeas  extremely  op- 
pofitej  thofe,  however,  who  are  acquainted 
with  the  whim fiea  of  Voltaire,  will  nor  be 
furprised  at  finding  an  agreeable  compofitloa 
of  oddities. 

XIII.  Some  propofalt  toxvardt  preventing 
the  Growth  of  popery:  Humblj  addrejfed  to  hts 
Diocefan  by  a  Country  Rarjon^  ii.  %vo.  Bald* 
win. 

This  pamphlet  is  ob  a  fubjea  of  real  ifflv 
portance,  but  matters  of  religion  In  thci« 
days  are  much  too  inelegant  for  a  circle  of 
fashionable  readers. 

XIV.  *lhe  immediate  necej/ity  of  building  4 
Laazaretti/o/  a  regular  Sluarantin*  afttr  thf 
lulian  Manner,  to  avoid  t£e  Rlaguei  &t,  3$ 
paget  4/0.  Murdoch. 

This  article  too,  like  the  foregoing,  de« 
ferves  to  be  ferioufly  confidered  by  the  great, 
but  we  fear  they  are  too  much  taken  up 
with  their  own  fquabbles  to  pay  a  neceflaij 
attention  to  the  bufinefs  of  the  nation. 

XV.  The  new  Foundling-Hofpital  for  Hit 
being  a  ColleQion  of  feueral  cvriout  Piecet  n'l^ 
Vtrfe  and  Profe  by  Urd  Cheflerfi^rld  and  other 
emtnent  perfont,  ivol.  ittuo.noboikfillrr^tMame) 

The  contents  of  this  collcaion  have  beeA 
feveral  times  printed  in  various  periodical 
publications,  yet  thej  are  in  general  very 
far  from  deferving  fuch  a  di«<inaion,  and 
reflea  rather  a  difaedit  than  an  honour  opoii 
the  prefent  compiler. 

XVJ,  The  importsnee  of  Faith  to  which  if 
added  a  Sketcb  of  the  jiimight/t  proctedingt 
with  hit  Qreature  Man,  OSavo,  x.  Paget. 
Bccket.  *^       *  ' 

This  may  pofiSbly  be  a  ufeful  traa,  to  % 
reader  of  a  religious  caft,  but  we  cannot  pro- 
mife  that  it  will  give  thofe  of  a  contratry 
turn  any  extraordinary  fatisfaaion. 

XVII.  7he  XJpbolfitrtrt  Letter  to  the  Right 
Hon.  William  Pitt,  Rffiuow  Lo*d  Chathamt 
To  which  are  prefixed  fimepreiiminary  ^emarkt^ 
%vo,   %i  paget.    Nc*bery. 

A  flippant  compofition  of  aaPeaed  impor- 
tance which  probably  hevet  was  read,  but  by 
fome  unfortunate  reriewe/^  who  is  obliged  to 
wade  through  the  mire  of  the  moft  intolle? 
table  poblicaciont. 

XVI II  The  Triumph  of  Love  and  Becuty, 
or  the  Hifiory  of  Mr.  Wallace  and  hit  Family^ 
aW.  ixfv,  KobinfoB  M4^  Roberta.  '^ 


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1768.       ne  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


Thoof  h  we  omitud  to  pot  the  prelent  oo* 
▼d  in  the  immediate  catailogue  of  the  ro* 
■UDcet  which  we  have  chanderifed,  it  it 
oevcnhelefi  too  much  of  a  piece  with  theic 
prodadionsto  merit  any  paiticalarobfenratioo* 

XIX.  Rfflifihns  #«  JmJaiid  Navigations, 
ifc.  ^tfaits  Svf.    CadcU. 

Oor  loland  navigations  are  of  great  iffl« 
portance  to  the  happinefi  of  this  Jcingdotn 
and  fcarcelj  any  thin^  can  be  written  on  the 


277 

fobjef^  witfaoot  meriting  the  notice  of  go- 
vernment. 

XX.  An  infaUibU  Remedy  f<ir  the  bigb  Pricet 
§/  Provijiom^  4  >  faget  Si/«*     Bioglcy 

We  have  had  many  political  noftromt 
lately  pubhihed  to  remove  the  diihefles  of  the 
poor,  bot,  ootwithft«nding  the  boaAed  in- 
fallibility of  the  prefeot  pamphleteer,  wc 
think  him  as  little  calculated  to  anfwer  thoiiB 
dcfirable  ends  u  any  of  hit  pred^ceflbrs* 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


Vf^ll^^N  April  iS  and  19,  a  great 

JJ^^^G  «K)b  affembled  about  the 
55  O  (j  King's  Bench y  but  no  out- 
j^  jUt  rages  were  committed,  till  the 

jKQCyW  la  ft  menrioned  day,  when,  in- 
^•^m  ""^^  fining  Mr.  Wilkes  (bould  be 
liet  at  liberty,  they  polled  down  the  railing, 
itc,  and  made  a  bonfire  of  them  before  the 
prifon :  Twelve  of  the  rioten  were  taken 
Into  coftody  and  fent  to  pnfon.  On  the  30th 
the  peace  oncers  kept  all  ^aiet,  without  any 
military  afilAance.  Soon  after  a  guard  of 
Ibldiers  was  fent  to  preferve  the  peace.  On 
the  9th  ioftant,  at  night,  a  number  of  peo- 
ole  aflemUed  about  the  Maofiqn-houfe, 
iome  of  whom  were  feixed.  On  that  day 
the  mob  being  more  nismerous  about  the 
King's  Bench  prifon,  feveial  were  fecured. 
On  the  lotli  there  was  a  great  riot,  and  the 
joflices  ordered  the  riot  aS  to  be  read  $  but 
whilft  it  was  reading,  fiones  and  brickbats 
being  flung,  cbe  (blders  on  duty  received  or- 
ders to  fire,  and  a  youth,  the  ion  of  Mr.Alicn, 
iDafler  of  the  Hoffe-ihoe  inn,  in  Blackman- 
llreet,  whofe  curiofi(y  had  drawn  him  to  the 
Ipot,  was  killed.  He  was,  it  feems  a  young  man 
oif  an  inoflfcnfive  character,  and  was  porfued  by 
Ibmc  foldieri,  to  an  outhoufe  of  his  father's 
nod  there  fiaoghtered,  in  vsin  imploring 
mercy,  and  proiefting  he  had  been  gtiilty  of 
no  onence.  Six  others  were  afterwards  kil- 
led on  the  fpotj  and  above  fifteen  wounded| 
Same  of  which  are  fincc  dead. 

On  the  nth  the  following  proclamatiop 
vas  pobKAed  s 

GCOBGI  R. 

WHEREAS  it  has  been  reprefented  opto 
US,  That  divers  diflblute  and  diforderly  per-r 
ibna  havC|  of  late,  frequently  afiembted 
theflafclves  together  in  a  riotous  and  uolawtul 
manner^  to  the  diftnrbance  of  the  publick 
peace  i  andi  particubrlj,  that  large  bodies  of 
Icameo,  confifting  of  teveral  fl^Hi lands,  have 
lilemblcd  tpmulti|oofly  opon  the  river 
Thames  $  aodj  uoder  a  pretence  of  the  in- 
fufficiency  of  the  wages  allowed  by  tbe  mer- 
fhaots  and  otberf,  have,  in  the  moft  daring 
nanner,  taken  poffeffioo,  by  violence,  of  fe- 
vpal^  outward- boond  (hipt  ready  to  fail,  and, 
^  oi|bfmli»g  thftiailSf  in4  fbikio|  the  yardt 


and  topmafts^have  flopped  them  in  the  pro* 
fecution  of  their  voyages  {  and  that  thefe  afia 
of  violence  have  been  accompanied  with 
threats  of  ftiU  greater  outrages  ;  which  have 
fpread  terror  and  aJarm  among  thofe  the  moft 
likely  to  be  immediately  affcQed  thereby:  and 
it  has  been  further  repf-efented  to  ui.  That 
fome  of  the  faid  di/lblute  and  diforderly  per- 
foos  have  audacioufly  attempted  to  deter  and 
intimidate  the  civil  magiftrates  from  doing 
their  duty.  We  having  taken  the  fame  into  our 
ferious  confideration,  and  being  duly  fenfiblc 
of  the  mifchievoui  confequences  that  may  en- 
foe  from  the  continuance  or  repetition  of 
fuch  diforders,  have  thought  fit,  by  and  with 
the  advice  of  our  privy-council,  to  ilToe  thia 
Oor  royal  proclamation {  hereby  ilriAly  re- 
quiring and  commanding  the  lord  mayor,  and 
other  the  juftices  of  the  peace  of  our  city  of 
London,  and  alfo  the  juftices  of  the  price  of 
our  city  and  liberties  of  Weftminfter  and  bo- 
rough of  South  war  k^  and  of  our  counties  of 
Middlefex,  Surry,  and  Kent,  and  all  other 
our  peace  officers.  That  they  do  fevetally  ufe 
their  utmoft  endeavours,  by  every  legal 
means  in  their  power,  eif«dually  to  prevent 
and  fupprefs  ail  riots,  tomu  ti,  and  unlawful 
alTemblies}  and  to  that  end  to  pot  in  due  ex- 
ecurion  the  laws  and  ibtutes  now  in  force 
for  preventing,  fupprefilng,  and  ponifliingy 
the  fame  j  and  that  all  our  loving  fubje£ts  be 
aiding  and  shifting  therein  t  And  we  do  fui^- 
ther  gracioufly  declare.  That  the  faid  magif^ 
trates  and  all  others  a£ting  in  obedience  to 
this  our  command,  may  rely  on  our  royal 
protedion  and  fopport  in  fo  doing. 

Given  at  oor  court  at  St.  James's  the  nth 
day  of  May,  ryfiS,  in  the  eighth  year 
of  our  reign. 

The  fame  day  the  coroner's  inqueft  on  the 
body  of  young  Allen  was  held,  when  they 
brought  in  a  verdid  of  wilful  murder  againft 
lieut.  Murfayi  corporal  M*Laochlan,  and 
Maclaine,  a  grenadier :  Two  of  whom  have 
fioce  been  admitted  bail. 

Satusdat,  30* 

Whitehall.  It  being  his  majefty's  royal  in- 
tention, that  the  parliament,  which  is  fom- 
moned  to  meet  00  Tuefday  the  loth  day  of 
May  ocsti  ihottld  (hea  meet  gnd  fit :  The 

kiA| 


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»78 


The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


May 


kin^  bat  been  pfcafed  to  direct  a  commif- 
iBon  to  paU  the  great  feal,  appointing  aad 
^iKhorifing  his  loyal  htghne  i  the  duke  of 
CI  -ucefttr,  hiB  royal  highnefs  the  dulc« 
jilCu. liber  land,  Thomai  lord  afchbiihop  of 
Cai^texbury^  and  oUicr  lord*,  to  open  and 
h^o  the  laid  par. lament  on  the  faid  loih  day 
•^  Mty,  being  the  day  oi  the  retuia  of  the 
wtica  of  fummon?. 

WiDNESDAT,  May  4. 

The  convocatiofi  of  Canterbury  tod  York 
were  proio^ued  to  Jul'  zi. 

Saturday,  7# 

The  failon  began  to  aflemble  in  Urge  bo- 
£^s»  fordbV  unbent  the  lApfaili  of  fcveral 
ft«pi  ready  to  faii,  and  declaring  no  ihip 
i^uJd  fail*  tiolff^  their  wages  were  raifed 
fty  t:;^  merchants.  On  the  9CF1  they  aifem- 
bl^o  i:  Stepney- neldi  to  the  number  ef  fe- 
deral thou'ands,  anu  Tome  articles  of  a  peti- 
tion to  parliament  were  drawn  up.  On  the 
litha  large  body  went  through  the  city  to 
Weftminftcr  with  the  faid  petition ;  but 
means  were  uted  by  fome  (bip-mafters  and 
♦ther  gentlemeoy  to  itn6  them  back  fome- 
what  paci6ed,  nor  have  there  any  mifchlcfa 
been  done  by  thefe  uxful  buc  miilaken  men; 
though  <or  fome  lime  their  retra£torineft 
put   a  ilop   to  all   mercantile  buftne's* 

At  halt  an  hour  pa/l  ten  o'clock,  came  on 
at  WeftminAer-hall,  beture  all  the  judges 
of  the  court  of  King's  bench,  a  hearing  re- 
ipei^iog  the  illegality  of  Mr.  Wjlkrs's  out- 
lawry* The  cafe  was  opened  by  Mr.  Ser- 
jeant Glyn,  in  favour  of  Mr.  Wilkes,  who 
yus  a&fwered  by  Mr.  Thurloe,  and  a  reply 
jttat^e  by  Mr.  Clynj  on  which  the  judges 
were  pleated  to  obferwe,  that  both  the  gen- 
tlemen bad  made  u*e  of  very  Icaroed  argu- 
meutt,  and  quoted  m^ry  precedents  and 
cafes  which  had  at  various  timet  altered  their 
opioioas,  and  as  they  were  defiious  of 
•tatuiely  confidering  the  Pveral  arguments 
loade  ufe  of  by  ti.c  two  learucd  council,  their 
jordihip's  thought  proper  to  appoint  a  further 
hearing  the  beginning  of  next  term* 

TUURSOAY,    10. 

We^minftcr.  This  day  the  new  parlta- 
IRent  met  4  and  his  majc'ly*8commiflian,  im- 
powering  Thomas  archbi/hop  oi  Canterbury, 
Charles  lord  CamJen,  chanceiior  of  Great 
lliitam,  Ch.rlts  earl  Go*cr,  prdidcnt  of 
h'%  D'/cf^y's  council,  and  fcveral  lords  there- 
in named,  to  o^tn  aid  hold  the  faid  parlia- 
jnent,  w.ts  lead  in  the  prefejoce  of  both 
lioufes.  And  the  commons  were  dire£led  to 
chuofe  their  fpejker,  and  to  prefent  him  to* 
motiow  at  twelve  o'clock  at  soon,  to  the 
lord^  cummiiTionris. 

Wednesday,   ij. 

James  Sampfon  wai  executed  at  Tyborn, 
piirluant  10  his  fenicnce,  fcr  robbing  the  11- 
Viaiy  of  the  right  hon.  Henry  Seymour  Con- 
way, of  bank  notes  lo  the  value  of  900I.  and 
afawards  fctiing  it  oa  fire,  by  pilisg  up  « 


number  of  papers  roond  a  lighted  candle^ 
which  be  placed  on  the  table  near  the  chim- 
ney. It  appeared  on  the  trial,  that  all  Ge- 
neral Conway's  fervants  had  lived  with  him 
a  coniiderable  time,  and  behaved  weU,  (b 
that  he  could  not  fufpeA  any  of  them ;  an4 
the  reafon  uf  Tufpcdting  the  real  perfoo,  wai 
a  peculiarity  of  cbara61cr  written  on  the 
5001.  note,  which  a  young  man  bad  chang- 
ed the  fasnc  morning  at  the  Bank.  Tne 
clerks  of  the  Bank  were  therefore  defired  to 
call  oa  Mr.  S^mpfon,  it  on  bufinefs,  and,  ia 
Mr.  Conwa/s  prefeoce,  to  give  a  fignal,  in 
cafe  he  was  the  peifon  they  had  feen  before) 
which  fignal  being  given,  he  wu  taken  into 
cuftody,  and  confefled  the  crime,— He  wat 
introduced  to  general  Conway,  during  the 
late  war,  as  a  draughtfman,  and  ferred 
under  him  in  that  capacity,  while  he  wat 
in  Germany  ;  fincc  which  the  general  had 
procured  him  a  draughtlman's  place  in  the 
towc.  On  account  of  the  pavement  being 
up  in  Holborn,  he  was  carried  by  Smith£cJd 
to  Cow-crofs,  through  Turnmilf-ftrect,  an4 
fo  through  the  King's-road  to  Tyburn. 

The  hoD.  houfc  of  Commons  prefented 
Sir  John  Cuf^,  Bart,  as  their  fpcaker,  to  the 
lords  commifiioners  in  the  houfe  of  Peers, 
who  being  tppfoved  of,  they  returned  back, 
when  he  took  the  chair  \  after  which  they 
began  to  fwear  in  the  new  membert* 

The  lords  commiflionets  obf^rved  in  their 
fpeech  to  both  boufes  of  ParliameAt,  that 
they  were,  by  the  king's  command,  to 
acquaint  them,  that  bis  majefty  had  not 
called  them  together  at  this  unufual  feafoA 
oi  the  year  in  order  to  lay  before  them  any 
matters  of  general  butincfs,  but  merely  tp 
^Ve  them  an  opportunity  of  difpttchiog  cer«, 
tain  parliamentary  proceedings,  which  hie 
majefly's  dcfire  of  providing,  at  all  evenU,  fo? 
the  welfare  and  fecurity  of  his  good  fabje^t, 
made  him  wi/b  to  fee  completed  at  foon  at 
poifible,  and  with  that  difpatch  which  tho 
publick  convenience  as  well  at  their  own 
required}  that  his  majcAy,  at  the  fJime 
time,  had  commanded  them  to  aHure  them 
of  bis  pel fe£t  coniidence  in  this  parliament) 
tnd  that  he  had  the  flronged  reafon  to  expert 
every  thing  from  their  advice  and  afllAance, 
that  loyalty, 'wifdom,  and  zeal  forthe  public 
good,  can  dilate  or  fuggeft. 

Friday,  13*  ' 
'The  princcfs  Loutfa-Annc,  filler  of  the 
king,  third  daughter  of  the  late  prince  of 
Wales,  died  of  a  decline  in  the  twentieth  year 
of  her  age.  [The  riexi  day  the  ufual  ordert 
for  mourning  were  iHoed  from  the  lord 
Chamherlain,  the  earl  MarAial.  the  War,  and 
Admiralty  ntTices,  and  a  Aop  was  pot  to  all 
public  diverftuns  *nll  hrr  royal  highncfle't 
iatermcnt.J 

The  following  addrcfs  of  the  houfet  of 
lords  and  coumons,  wat  prefcored  to  his 
maici^y. 

Moa 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


jy6i.       The  MONTHLY  CHRONOl.OGER.         27^ 


Moft  grtcioui  foTcreign, 

**  We  your  majsfty*!  rooft  dutiful  and 
loyal  fubje^iy  the  lords  fpiiicual  and  tem- 
poral, and  cominoasy  in  parliament  affembl- 
^d,  beg  leave  to  return  your  majcfty  our  muft 
h^ty  thanks  for  that  gracious  and  paternal 
attentioa  to  the  welfare  of  your  people, 
which  hat  induced  your  mr)efty,  at  this 
time,  to  interpofe  your  own  more  immediate 
authority  for  putting  ao  end  to  that  dangerous 
difturbance  of  the  public  peace,  thofe  outrage  ' 
ooi  z€U  of  violence  to  the  piolperity  of  your 
majefty'a  fobje£ts,  and  that  moft  audacious 
defiance  of  the  authority  of  the  civil  ma-  , 
gifiratesy  which  have  of  late  prevailed  to  io 
alarming  a  degree  in  and  near  .this  great 
metropolii. 

Your  majefty's  exprefs  command,  fignifi- 
cd  by  yoor  royal  proclamation,  (bat  all  the 
lawi,  for  preventing,  fupprcfling,  and  pun- 
ifting,  all  riots,  tumultt,  and  unlawful 
aflembllei,  be  put  into  immediate  execution, 
will,  we  hopcy  cffewtuaiiy  prevent  the  conti- 
Boance  or  repetition  of  thefe  diforders. 

But  fliould  any  of  your  majefty^s  fubjedt 
caotinue  fo  loft  to  all  fenfe  of  their  own  true 
interefty  as  well  u  duty,  as  to  go  on  to  in t A- 
rupCy  by  their  lawleft  and  defperate  praAices, 
that  qoiet  and  peaceable  enjoyment  of  every 
right  and  privilege  allotted  to  each  individual 
among  us  by  our  excellent  conftitution,  which 
it  has  ever  beei^  your  majefty'a  /irft  objc£t 
and  chief  glory  to  fecure  and  perpetuate  to 
at  all  J  permit  us,  your  niajcfty's  truly  duti- 
ful and  grateful  fubjefb,  the  lords  fpirltual 
and  temporal,  and  commons,  in  parliament 
L  aflembled,  to  alfure  your  majefty  of  our 
'  ^eady  concurrence  in  every  meal u re  that  may 
contribute  to  enable  your  majeAy  moft  effec- 
tually to  maintain  the  public  authority,  and 
carry  the  laws  into  due  execution  i  and  of 
our  determined  refolution,  moft  chearfuUy 
and  vigoroufly  to  fuppoxt  your  m^efly  againft 
every  attempt  to  create  difficulty  or  oiftur- 
kance  to  your  majefty *s  government* 

y^iey  C<ywper,  cler.  parliamentor; 
Hia  majefty 'a  moft  gracious  anfwen 
My  lords  and  gentle ar>en, 

«<  I  receive  with  great  fatisfaaion  this 
loyal,  dutiful,  and  feafonabJe  addrefs  of  both 
houfes  of  parliamcnr.  It  is  with  the  utmoft 
concern,  that  I  fee  this  fpSrlt  of  outrage  and 
violence  prevailing  among  different  clafles  of 
jny  fubjefts.  lam  however  convinced,  that 
the  vigorous  fcxcrtion  of  lawful  authority, 
which  I  will  continue  to  enforce,  joined  to 
jour  fupport  and  afliftance.  will  have  the 
defir^  efk€t  of  reftoring  quiet  and  good  older 
asnong  ny  liibje£ls/* 

Sunday,   15. 

The  remains  of  Mr.  Allen,  junr.  ftot  in 
St.  George's  fields,  were  decently  intered  in 
Newington-church-yard;  attended  by.  near 
5o>oo€  people. 


Monday,  i6. 

Being  the  laft  day  of  of  rcrm,  Mr,  S-^. 
jeant  Glynn  movc.i  the  court  of  King's-b^nch, 
Weftminftcr,  before  Lotd  M-nsfind  3n<i  ihe 
reft  of  the  judges,  to  admit  Mr.  Wilkes  X0 
bail  'till  next  lermj  and  after  hearing  icvc- 
ral  learned  arguments,  the  court  wasofo|>i- 
nion  it  could  not  be  done. 

Saturday,  21, 

At  about  ten  o'clock  at  night  the  corpfe 
of  her  late  royal  highnefs  the  princcli 
Loui fa-Anne,  after  lying  in  ftate  that  day 
in  the  prince's  chamber,  was  private^ 
interred  in  the  royal  vault  in  king  Henry 
the  feventh's  chapel. 

The  proceflion  began  between  nine  znd 
ten  from  the  prince's  chamber  to  tlic 
abbey,  where  the  body  was  received  by  the 
dean,  who  performed  the  funeral  fervicc. 

The  minute  guns  at  the  tower  began  fire- 
ing  about  nine  at  night,  and  St.  Paul's  bcU 
and  thofe  of  mOft  of  the  churches  in  Londua 
and  Weftminfter  toiled  every  minute,  and 
continued  'till  her  royal  highnefs't  bodjr 
was  interred. 

The  fupporters  of  the  pall  were,  Lo^y 
Godolphia,  Lady  Bofton,  Lady  Ma/lum, 
and  Lady  Edgcumbc.  The  Duchefs  of 
Manchefter  was  chief  mourner  j  and  thm 
Countefles  of  Litchfield,  Plymouth,  Covei>- 
try,  Suffex,  Harrington,  EflTcx,  F^oldcr- 
nefs,  Scarborough,  Oxford,  and  Pomfrct^ 
were  aftiftantsto  the  chief  mourner. 

Ended  the  feftions  at  the  Old  Bailey, 
when  Thomas  James  Pangriffke,  for  /hcep- 
ftealing,  Mary  Hinde,  for  drowning  ati 
infant,  James  Bohannan,  and  ^illiant 
Johnfon,  for  houfe  breaking,  receiv  d  fca- 
tence  of  deaths  One  to  be  tranfportcd  for 
fourteen  years,  twenty- four  forfcven  years, 
and  one  to  be  whipped.  Green  and  Gibla- 
thorp,  were  tried  for  raurdcr  (fee  p.  227.) 
and  acquitted. 

Weflminftcr.  This  day,  the  lords  hciixg 
met,  a  meflage  was  fcnt  to  the  honour- 
able houfe  of  commons  by  fir  Francit 
Molineux,  gentleman  ufhcr  of  the  black 
rod,  acquainting  them,  that  tl:e  lords, 
authorifed  by  virtue  of  his  majeft)'s  ccm- 
miftion,  for  declaring  his  royal  aifent  ta 
feveral  a^s  agreed  upon  by  both  houfe?, 
do  defirc  the  immediate  attendance  of 
this  honourable  houfe  in  the  huufc  of 
peers,  to  hear  the  comm-filon  read  j  ani 
the  comomns  being  come  thither,  the  faid 
commifTion,  impowering  the  lord  high 
chancellor  of  Great- Britain,  the  duke  of 
Northumberland,  Lord  Wey/nouih,  Lord 
l.ovel  and  Holland,  Lord  Harwich,  and 
feveral  other  lords  therein  ir.cntioncd,  to 
declare  and  notify  the  roy<il  aH'cnt  to  the 
faid  a<^6,  was  read  accordingly,  and  the 
royal  affent  given  to. 

An   a<5V   for  further  contii.uing   certain 

laws  C9  prohibit,  for  a  limited  time,  the 

^\  cxporUtioB 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


aSo       rbe  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


•Kportation  of  corn,  grain,  mcftl^  malt, 
^our^  breads  bifcuit,  and  ftafch;  and  alfo 
the  extradlioB  of  low  wines  and  fpirits  froni 
u-beat  and  wheat  flour;  for  further  allow- 
ing the  importation  of  wheat,  and  wheat 
Hour,  barley,  barley  meal,  and  pulfc,  free  . 
•f  dttty^  into  this  kingdom,  from  any  part 
•f  Europe ',  and  for  allowing  the  importation 
of  oats,  and  oatmeal,  rye,  and  rye-meal, 
into  this  kingdom,  for  a  limited  time, 
free  of  duty  j  and  aifo  for  continuing  fuch 
•ther  laws  as  will  expire  before  the  be- 
ginning of  the  next  feffion  of  parliameott 
And  to  one  private  bill. 

Wednzsdat,  15. 
In  the  morning  a  courier  arrived  ezprefi 
from  the  court  of  Brunfwick  to  Carleton- 
houfe,  and  aftet  wards  went  to  Richmond 
to  their  ma^efties,  who  brought  the  agreea- 
ble news  of  her  royal  highnefs  the  pnncefs 
of  Brunfwick  being  fafeiy  ^delivered  of  ano- 
ther daughter  j  on  hearing  of  which  her 
royal  hi^nefs  the  princefs  Dowager  of 
Wales  (who  was  at  Kew]  came  to  town 
to  Carleton  hoofe,  for  the  firft  time 
fince  the  death  of  her  late  royal  htghaeft 
princefs  Louifa  Anne. 

Befides  the  riots  and  unlawful  afTembliet 
before  mentioned,  a  body  of  fawyers  rofe 
on  the  loth,  and  deilroved  the  faw-mill, 
lately  erected  atLimehouie,  by  Mr.  Dingley } 
for  the  difcovery  of  the  perpetraters  of 
which  violence,  a  pardon  and  20ol.  reward 
have  been  offered^  alfo  a  pardon  and  the 
fame  reward  for  the  apprehending  fuch  pcr- 
fons  as  were  concerned  in  a  riot  and  other 
detilmental  a£ts  at  the  houfe  of  Mr.  RuO'el, 
diAiller  in  the  Borough  of  Southwark* 
The  coalheaver^  on  the  fame  day  aflembled 
•n  Tower- hill,  refolved  not  to  work  'till 
their  wages  were  advanced  from  8d.  to  is, 
per  chaldron.  About  four  the  next  mornings 
they  went  to  feveral  wharfs,  and  obliged 
all  the  men  to  leave  work  and  join  them  ; 
flopped  all  the  carts  laden  with  coal, 
flower,  or  wood,  and  put  all  bufinefi  at  the 
wharfs  at  a  Hand  :  thus  they  continued  to 
z€!t  for  foroe  days,  when  obtaining  better 
terms  of  their  mafters  they  returned  to 
work.  The  journeymen  coopers,  the  jour- 
neymen taylors,  and  other  handicrafts  lately 
afTtmbled  upon  the  like  occafiou,  but  were 
prevailed  upon  to  difperfe  peaceably. 

On  the  26th  of  April  came  on  at  Holy- 
rood  houfe  Edinburgh,  the  election  of 
fixteen  peers  for  Scotland,  when  the  dukes  of 
Argylc,  Atho],  and  Gordon  j  the  earls  of 
Marcbmont, ,  Morton,  Abercorn,  Loudon, 
Strathmore,  Macrh,  Bute,  Eglinton,  Dun- 
roorc  and  Rofeberry  j  the  Vifcount  Irwin 
and  Stormont,  and  I  ord  Cathcart,  were 
elcAed.  Rofeberry  and  Irwin,  are  new 
•ncs. 

Majiriages  and  Births. 
MarcU  6.  \  /f  Atthev^  Tyrwhit,  Ef<i}  wai 
JVX  married  to  Mifs  Blakflay, 


M%y 


—  la.  Lady  Diaiu  Spencer,  totbehoo.  Mr. 
Beauclerk. 

April  14.  John  Raddiff^  Efqj  Member 
for  St.  Alban's,  to  Lady  Frances  Howard, 
Sifter  of  the  Earl  of  CarliHe— 17.H0n.Raby 
Vane,  to  Mifs  Sayer— 19.  Samuel  Turner, 
Efqj  to  Mifs  Peggy  Burton ^20.  Williaa 
Pigot»  Efqj  toMifsWolcHey,  ofWbleflcy, 
in  Stafford  (hire— 21.  Tho.  Glpgg,  Efq;  t© 
Mifs  Cholmley-.23.  Right  hon.  Earl  of 
Kerry,  to  Mrs.  Daly,  Sifter  of  the  Coua- 
tefii  of  bowth. 

Lately,  Rev.  -Dr.  Vane,  to  Mifs  TexR* 
peft— John  Edwards,  jun.  Efq;  to  Midi 
Lloyd  -Mr.  Thomas  Halley,  to  Mifs  Aim 
Bertram—James  Mafan.  jun.  Efq|  to  Mifs 
Haywood  Mr.  Samuel  Turner,  to  Mifi| 
Peggy  Barton,  a  10.0:0  L  fortune— Mr. 
Gravatt,  Banker,  to  Mifs  Evans — George 
Feake,  Efq^  to  Mifa  Ann  Gage-William 
Hay ter,  Efqj  to  Mifs  Egerton— Ifaac  Pf que- 
nct,  Efq;  to  MiA  Le  Merchant ->- Mr.  Ben- 
field  to  Mifs  Farrant— Earl  of  Rothes  t* 
Mifs  Jane  Maitland,  id  daughter  of  Capt« 
Maitland  of  Soutra. 

March  2.  Mrs.  Upton,  of  Woodftock- 
ireet,  was  delivered  of  a  daughter— 25.Lady 
Betty  Gallini,  oft  fon— 25.  Ladv  Garlics, 
of  a  fon,  named  Geo.Stuart— 27.Mrs.  Guer- 
nier,  of  Bond-ftreet,  of  a  daughter— Coun- 
tefs  of  Buckingham,  of  a  daughter — Lady 
Mont-Florence,  of  a  fon  and  heir — 31. 
Lady  of  Sir  Thomas  Frankland,  bart.  of 
a  daughrcr. 

Lately,  Lady  Wake,  of  a  fon  and  heir— > 
Lady  of  General  Gage,  of  a  fon  and  daugh- 
ter, at  New  York— Mrs.  Payne-George, 
of  a  daughter — Duchefs  of  Buccleugh,  of 
a  fon  and  heir— Mrs.  Thrale,  of  a  daughter 
— Countefs  of  Strathmore,  of  a  daughter— 
Lady  Betty  Craven,  of  a  fon— L^dy  of  the 
Biftiop  of  St.  David*8,  of  a  daughter  ^Mrs. 
Walwyn,  of  Bentinck-ftreet,  of  a  fon  an4 
heir— HoD.  Mi|,  Eden,  of  a  fon. 

DlATHS. 

March  4*\yf  ISS  Wortley  Montague, 
JVl  daughter  of  the  Lord  Ruth- 
%  en— 'Lady  Cathrine  Wemyfs,  fpoufe  of 
Lieut.  Gen.  Wemyfs,  of  Edinburgh  Caftle 
—3.  William  Tyfer,  Efq;  Deputy  of  Al- 
derfgate  Ward,  a  commillioner  of  lieuten- 
ancy, &c. — Cholmley  Deeriog,  Eiqj  Va- 
de  to  Sir  Edward  Peering,  baru 


^  To  aJmit  W9n  of  the  li/lt,  whicb  we  bavt 
repfated/jpromifed,  m  eonfiderMepart  of  the  Cbro^ 
nohgert  with  the  Foreign  Jffairi  art  omitted  *tiU 
our  next,  'scbtn  tbey  tviU  he  compUted  \  smd 
the  remainder  of  the  lifit,  to  May  3 1,  inferred. 

Many  exceitent  pieett  from  our  correfpondeuts 
are  aifo  deferred,  for  want  of  room  j  bat  in 
hoMcur  wtUUpaid  them  hereafter* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


The  London  Magazine* 


Or,  gentleman's  Monthly  Intelligencer', 
For     j  U  N  E,     1768. 


Meraoirs  of  Lord  Baltimore  183 

Story  of  SirWilbrahamWentworth  485 
The  Hjftory  of  the  laft  Scflion  of  Par- 
Hament,  Sec,   Sec.  2S9 — 196 

Experiment  on  Tea  297 

Sznytirt  Caufes  and  Cure  of  Nervous 
difordert  298—301 

Another  great  Ctufe  of  the  Mortality 
among  Infants  301 

Mathematical  Queftions  and  Solu- 
tions 302 I  304 
Noblemen*s  Seats  compared  303 
Charadtcrs  of  noted  Inns  304 
A  juil  and  feafon.'ible  Satire  305 
Letter  fium  the  Earl  of  Shelburn. 
&c.  306 
Speech  of  Governor  Barnard  307 
On  what  Britifh  Liberty  it  founded  309 
Effay  on  Favourites  310 
On  Patriot! fm  J09 
Necefliry  of  a  New  Place- Bill  312 
Cafe  of  an  unfortunate  I^ady           3 1 3 


Wildman*s  Management  of  Bees    314 
A  ftirewd  Note  '  316 

Lord  Fownfhend's  Speech  to  the  Irifh 
Parliament  317 

Infcription  at  Dereham  in  Norfolk  314 
Remedy  for  a  Cbugh  315 

The  Britiih  Theatre  318 

Poetical  Essays  311—324 

A  favourite  Song  fct  to  Mufic  320 
Aa  Impartial  Review  of  New  Publi- 
cations 334 
Parallel,  after  the  Manner  of  Plu- 
tarch, between  Wilkes  andPaoli  335 
Thk  Monthly  Chronologer  325 
Marriaflrcs  and  Births  ;  Deaths 
Eccletiaftical  Preferments 
Promotions  civil  and  military 
B-nkr-pts  ;  courle  of  Exchange 
Monthly  Bill  of  Mortalitf 
Alterations  in  the  Lift  of  Pari. 
Foreign  Affmps 


334 

ibid. 
ibid, 
ibid, 
ibid. 


330 
Stocks,  Grain  i  Wii;d  and  Weather  282 


With  a  fine  Portrait  of 
FREDERICK,      LORD      BALTIMORE, 

FROM 

AN     ORIGINAL      PAINTING; 

AND 

The   Plan  of  the  Road   from  London   to  Berwick,    continucc'. 


LONDON:    Printed  for  R.  BALDWIN,  at  No.  47,   in  Pfter  no^cr  Rnw  ; 

Of  whom  miy  be  had,  complcat  J^is,  froTn  iVr  \c-\r  175^.,    o  ih!-;  Tirnc,   neatly  Iv.uiv!  0 

ftitchcd,  or  any  finale  Month  lo  c  xr»p»7t-  3  i*;. 


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oagW    • 


THE 


London  Magazine, 

For     JUNE,     1768. 


Mbmoius  oftbe  Baltimore  Family. 
JTttb  a  Head  of  the  present  Lord  finely 
$ngraved. 

jn«         «ri«HE  ongin:il  dcfccnt 
\^      SjKJ       tti  of    ^h'»    family    of 
W«^^»W       Calvert,  is  from  an 
w      T    ^       ancient     and    nob!e 
VJ  WS       houfe    of    that   fur- 

jWr  -jyt  '^  name  in  the  earldom 
[-  l/^^if  9I  ^f  Flanders,  whence 
*-^  ««— »  they  were tranfplant- 

ed  into  the  northern  pirts  of  England; 
of  whom  Leonard  Calvert,  Efq;  wae 
^ated  at  Danbywidce  rti  the  county 
of  York,  and  by  Alicia,  daughter  to 
John  Crofsland  of  Crofsland  in  that 
county,  Efqj  was  father  of  Sir  (Jeorge 
Calvert,  who  became  an  eminent  pcr- 
fon  in  the  rei^n  of  King  James  I.  and 
raifed  his  family  to  the  honour  it  now 
enjoys. 

He  was  born  at  Kiplin,  near  Rich- 
mond, in  th^  Nonh  Ruling  of  York- 
^ire  fat  which    place    he    expended 
much  money  iinbuiKling}  and  after  an 
^docatioh   \m  grammar  learning,  be- 
came  a  coipmoner  of  Trinity  college, 
Oxford,    in  Lent   term   1593*    being 
then  in  his  15th  year,  and  13^  of  Fe- 
bruary 1596,  too^  the  degree  of  A.B. 
as  he  did  that  of  A,  M.  30  Augalt, 
1605,  the  king  being  then  entertained 
at  Oxford  \    and    afterwards    leaving 
x\\t  college,  he  travelled  beyond  the 
feas  for  a  time.---On  his  return,  he 
was    appointed    3    September,    1606, 
prothonotary  and  keeper  of  the  writs, 
bills,  files,    records,    and  rolls,   wlth- 
in  the    province   of  Connaught  and 
county  of  Thomond,  alio  cleik  of  tlic 
crown  and  peace,  and  clerk  of  the  af- 
fizet    and    nift  prius    throughout   the 
fame,  for  life  5'  bat  he  furrdndercd  this 
office  I  April,  i6;6,  to  King  Charles. 
And  bieing  efteemed  a  perfon  of  gre.<t 
knowledge  and  penetration  ^a  Itate  af- 
fairs, bis  abilities  rem  mended   him  to 
be  chief  clerk  to  Sir  Robert  C<?ci I,  fe- 
cretary  of  (late  ^  all  which  time,  and 


for  fevcral  years  after,  when  Sir  Ro- 
bert was  advanced  to  the  office  of  Lurd 
High  Treafurcr,  he  retained  him,  and 
made  ufe  of  his  prudence  and  fidelity 
in  many  weighty  matters,  procuring 
for  him  afterwards  the  poll  of  one  of 
the  clerks  of  the  privy  council. 

On  the  29th  of  September,  1617,  be 
received   the    honour   of  knighthood 
from  the  king  at  H;>mpton- Court,  and 
on  the  15th   ef  February,    1618,  was 
appointed   ^and   fwom  the    nth)  Sir 
Thomas  Lake's  fuccefTor,  in  the  office 
of  fccret^ry  of  ftatc   to  his  majefty  i 
who,  having  before  ufed  his  help  in 
many  matters  of  moment,  did  oftcner 
afterwards,  to  his   great   benefit  and 
advantage,  as  he  was  better  acq^nint- 
ed  with  (late  affairs,  and  more  diligent 
in  diCpatching  bufmcfs,    than  his  fel- 
low fccretary,    Sir  Robert   Naunton  j 
fo   that  his    ma)efly,    z    May,    i6xo, 
granted  him  1000  I.   a  year,  to  be  re- 
ceived from  the  cuftoms,  in  addition  to 
his  falary,    but  he  volunrarilv  rcfioned 
the  office  in    1624.  en  this  occafion. 
Having  changed  his  religion,  he  free- 
ly conTcflcd  to  the  king,  that  he   was 
then  become  a  Roman  Catholick,    To 
that  he  mult  cither  be  wanting  to  his 
truft,    or  violate  his  coi.fcience  in  dif- 
charging     his    office  j     which     inge- 
nuity  or    his    10   hghly    affeded   the 
king,  that    he   continued    him  ot"  tie 
privy  cottncil  all  his  reign,  having  in 
i6ii  made  him   a  large  grant  of  lan<!s 
in  Ireland,  and  by  letters  patent,  bear- 
ing date  at  Wtll.n.  16  Feb.  1624,  ad- 
vanced him  to  the  peerage,   by  the  title 
ot'baron  Baltimore,  being  then  member 
<»f  parliament  for  the  univtifity  of  Ox- 
foi  vi,  foon  after  which  he  repaired  mta 
Irclind,  to  refiile  there  for  fome  limc. 
By  his  Will,  d;itcJ  14  April  1632,  he 
left  all  h's  eltaifs  in  Engl,  nd,  Irc.a.>(', 
or  clfewhere,  to   his  Ton  Cecil,   wjiora 
he  appointed  cxccut.  r,  and  dcfircs  his 
noble  and  ancient  friends,  the  lortl  v  f- 
count   Wentworth   and  the  Lord  Co:- 
tington,    to  be  overfetrs,    whom   I.e 
N  n  a  humbly 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


1^4 


Me  mo  IRS    OF 


humbly  requefts  to  have  a  care  of  bis 
poor  family,  and  to  patronize  and  love 
It,  as  they  had  been  pleafed  to  do  un- 
to him,  ever  fmce  their  firfl  acquain- 
tance in  court  and  elfcwhcre.  He 
gives  among  his  kindred  at  Kiplie  in 
the  north,  the  fum  of  20 1.  to  be  dif- 

gofed  at  the  difcretion  of  his  «xe^utor» 
ecaufe  he  knew  the  parties. 
He  married  Anne,  daughter  to 
George  Mynne  of  Hertingfordbury  in 
the  county  of  Hertford,  Efqj  (who 
died  10  May,  1581,  by  his  wife  Eli- 
cabeth,  daughter  to  Sir  Thomas 
Wroth  of  Durance  in  Enfield,  Mid- 
dlefex,  knc.  who  died  ij.  Auguft 
j6tj)  and  departing  this  life  in  Lon- 
don 15  April,  1632,  in  the  53d  year 
of  his  age,  was  buried  in  the  chancel 
of  St.  Dunftan's  church  in  the  Weft, 
in  Fleet ftrcet,  having  iflfue  fix  fons 
and.  fiio  daughters;  viz.  Cecil,  his 
fiicceilbr;  Leonard,  appointed  10 
Pcbiiiary,  i6ii,  Prothonotary  and 
kef^per  of  the  writs,  &c.  in  Co- 
naught  and  Thomond,  in  reverfion, 
after  his  father's  death,  with  the  fee 
of  26  J.  13$.  4d.  Irifli,  to  be  received 
out  of  the  cafualties  of  that  province  ; 
but  X  April,  1626,  he  furrendered 
this  office  to  the  crowni  and  in  1633 
was  by  his  brother  condituted  the 
firft  governor  of  Mainland,  jointly 
with  JeretnyHawlcy  and  Thomas  Corn - 
wallis,  Efqrs.  George ;  Francis,  who 
died  before  his  father  ;  Henry  ;  John, 
who  died  young  ;  Anne,  irarried  to 
William  Peafeley,  Efqj  Dorothy  and 
Elizabeth,  both  died  unmarried  ; 
Grace,  married  to  Sir  Robert  Talbot 
of  Cartown  in  the  county  of  Kildare, 
Bart,  and  Hellen. 

Lady  Cslvert,  their  mother,  lies 
buried  under  a  monument,  on  the 
north  fide  of  the  chancel  of  Herting- 
fordbury church. 

Cecil,  the  fecond  Lor.^  Baltimore, 
was  prefent  in  the  parliament,  4.  No- 
vember, 1634,  and  married  Anne, 
third  daughter  to  Thomas,  Lord 
Arundel  of  Wardour,  by  his  fecond 
wife  Anne,  daughter  to  Miles  Philip- 
fon  of  Crooke  in  Weltmorcland,  Efqj 
which  Lady  dying  in  1649,  ^^*  buried 
in  the  chancel  of  Tifbury  church, 
Wilts. 

J  >hn,  the  third  Lord  Baltimore,  fuc- 
cetfdcd  Ills  father,  and  was  prefent  in 
King  Jameses  ln(h  parliament  of  1689^ 


June 

but  dying  foon  after,  he  left  the  ho- 
nour to  his  fon  Charles,  the  fourth 
lord,  who  was  outlawed  for  hteh  trea- 
fon  in'  Ireland,  notwithftanding  he 
never  was  in  the  kingdom  $  which  hit 
lordlhip  reprefenting  to  King  William^ 
his  majefty,  by  privy  feal  from  Ken- 
fington,  25  January,  1691,  ordered 
the  outlawry  to  be  reverfed ;  and  in 
the  a6^,  (to  hinder  the  reverfal  of  fevc- 
ral  outlawries  and  attainders,  pafl*ed 
9  Will.)  it  was  provided,  that  no- 
thing therein  (hould  extend  to  con- 
firm his  outlawry,  for  any  crime  com- 
mitted by  him  fince  5  November,  i6St. 
—  His  lordHiip  was  thrice  married, 
and  deceafmg  ai  February,  1714^ 
aged  eighty-five  years,  was  buried  the 
a6th  in  St.  Pancras  church,  Middle- 
fex,  and  fucceeded  by  his  only  fon. 

BenediA-Leonard,  the  fifth  Lord, 
who  bein^  in  danger  of  lofing  hit 
property  in  Maryland  by  the  ad^y 
which  requires  all  Roman-catholicic 
heirs  to  profefs  the  protectant  religion, 
on  forfeiture  of  their  eftates,  did,  3 
January,  171?,  publickly  renounce 
the  (Errors  of  the  church  of  Rome, 
and  was  admitted  into  the  communioa 
of  the  church  of  England,  by  the 
bifhop  of  Hereford  j  after  which  he 
was  chofen  in  the  firft  parliament  of 
King  George  I.  member  for  Har- 
wich in  Efrex.---On  2  January,  169S, 
h^  married  the  Lady  Charlotte  Lee^ 
eldeft  daughter  to  Edward-Henry,  the 
fiill  earl  of  Litchfield,  by  the  Lady 
Charlotte  Fitz-Roy  his  wife^  natural 
daughter  of  King  Charles  IL  by  Bar* 
barn,  duchefs  of  Cleveland,  and  dy- 
ing 16  April,  1715,  was  buried  % 
May  at  Epfom  in  Surry,  having 
ifl'iie  by  her,  who  died  in  London  ao 
July,  17 31,  four  fons  and  three  daugh-  . 
tcrs. 

Benedi^-Leonard,  born  20  Septem* 
ber,  1700,  was  F.  R.  S.  member  of 
parliament  for  Harwich,  and  in  De- 
cember, 1726,  conflituted  governor  of 
Maryland,  but  finding  himCelf  in  an 
ill  Itate  of  health,  he  refigned  that 
poft  to  Samuel  Ogle,  Efq;  and  em- 
barking for  England,  18  May,  1751, 
died  in  the  pa&kge  i  June>  and  wat 
buried  in  the  fea. 

Edward-Henry,  born  31  Auguf^, 
not,  was  appointed,  11  February, 
972$,  commilTary-genera],  and  preii- 
dent  oi-  tiie  cou^cU  in  X4arylaAd,  but 


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1768.  The 

U  detd,  leaving  a  widow,  who,  1 5 
October  J74i»  was  married  to  James 
Fitz-Gcrald  of  the  Middle-Temple, 

Cecil,  born  in  November  1701. 

Danghtcr  Charlotte,  a  twin  'with  her 
brother  Cecil,  was  married  to  Thomas 
Breerwood,    and  died   in  December, 

17M- 

Jane,  bom  in  November  1703. 

Barbara,  born  5  Oftober,  1704,  died 
an  infant. 

Charles,  the  fixth  Lord  Baltimore, 
was  bom  49  September,  1699,  and 
«7  June,  1731,  was  appointed  a  gen- 
tleman of  the  bedchamber  to  his  royal 
highnefs  Frederick,  prince  of  Wales, 
in  which  year,  10  December,  he  was 
elefled  a  tellow  of  the  Royal  Society  j 
and  returned  to  parliament  in  May, 
1734,  for  St.  Germains  in  Corwall.  In 
April,  1736,  he  was  conftituted  warden 
of  the  Stannaries ;  in  September,  i740> 
lleward  of  the  prince  of  Wales's  ma- 
nor of  Kennington  in  Surry,  belonging 
to  the  dukedom  of  Cornwall,  and  in 
Odober  that  year  chofen  a  member  of 
the  fociety  for  propagating  the  gofpel 

in  foreign  parts. In  May    1741 

and  1747  he  was  ele6led  reprefenta- 
tive  of  the  county  of  Surry  in  parlia- 
nent;  and  13  March,  1741*  appoint- 
ed one  of  the  commilEoners  of  the  ad- 
miralty, which  he  rciigned  in  April, 
J  745  5  and  was  made  cofferer  of  the 
prince  of  Wales's  honfhold,  and  fur- 
▼eyor-gcneral  of  the  Duchy  lands  in 
Cornwall. 

On  10  July,  1730,  he  married  Mary, 
youngeft  daughter  to  Sir  Theodore 
Janflen,  of  Wimbleton  in  Surr}',  hart, 
merchant  of  London,  director  of  the 
Eaft-India  and  South-fea  companies, 
and  member  of  parliament  t  Geo.  I. 
for  Yarmouth  (who  died  21  Septem- 
ber, 1748,  by  his  wife  Williamza, 
daughter  to  Sir  Robert  Henley  of  the 
Grange  in  Hampfhire)  by  whom  he 
had  two  fons,  Frederick  his  heir ;  and 
'  ■  ,  ■,  born  21  January,  1737,  who 
died  young:  and  three  daughters,  of 
ivhom  Frances- Dorothy  died  5  March, 
S736.  And  his  lord(hip  departing  this 
life,  24  April,  i75»,  at  his  houfe  near 
Erith  in  Kent,  was  fucceeded  by  his 
only  (on, 

Frederick,  the  feventh  and  prefent 
Lord  Baltimore,  proprietor  and  gover- 
nor of  Maryland,  who  was  born  6  Fe- 
bruary,   1731,    and   after  hit  return 


Baltimore  Family.  285 

from  his  travels,  married  9  Mar«h, 
»7f3>  the  lady  Diana  Egerton,  youn- 


fth  daughter  of  Scrope,  difke  of 
ridgcwater,  by  his  fecond  wife  the 
Xady  Rachael  Ruffel,  iifter  to  John 
duke  of  Bedford. 

Title,  Frederick  Calvert,  Baron 
Baltimore  of  Baltimore  in  the  county 
of  Longford  5  fo  created  16  February, 
1624,  22  Jac.  I. 

Tit  History  ef  Sir  Wilbraram 
Wentworth,  concluded  from  our 
Magazine  of  lafi  Month, 

TH  P. good  natured  family  which 
took  fo  kind  a  notice  of  Mr. 
Harrington,  for  that  was  the  name 
afTuir.ed  by  Mr.  Wentworth,  wai 
Colonel  Mortimer's.— It  confifted  of 
the  colonel,  his  lady,  Mifs  Mortimer 
their  daughter,  and  Mifs  Dalhwood  a 

diftant  relation the  colonel  and  hit 

ladv  were  people  of  the  firft  breeding, 
and,  if  any  thing  could  equal  the  po- 
litenefs  of  their  behaviour,    it  was  the 

benevolence  of   their    hearts. Miff 

Mortimer,  though  the  apparent  hei- 
refs  of  a  large  fortune,  and  extremely 
amiable  in  her  perfon,  was  affable  and 

condefcending (he  did  not  imagins 

that  opulence  gave  her  any  claim  to 
extraordinary  re(pe6t,  nor  did  fhe  be- 
lieve that  a  fine  face  could  furnifh  her 
with  a  juft  title  to  be  arrogant— —on 
the  contrary,  (he  confidered  fweetnefs 
of  temper  to  be  one  of  the  moft  cflen- 
tial  ingredients  in  the  compofition  of 
the  female  chaiafter,  and  ftrove  ra- 
ther to  merjt  the  good  opinion  of  her 
friends,  than  to  obtain  their  admira- 
tion—the charms  of  her  perfon  howe- 
ver, and  the  gentlcnefs  of  her  manners, 
were  not  the  only  accomplifhmcnts 
which  diftinguifhed  her;  (he  had  a  fine 
underftandinj?  admirably  cultivated, 
and  was  miftrefs  of  a  fprightlinefs  fo 
captivating,  that,  to  make  ufe  of  a 
ftrong  metaphor,  (lie  pica  fed  her  ac- 
quaintance up  to  an  adlual  pain  of 
vivacity. 

Mr.  Harrington  found  great  enter- 
tainment  in  the  company  of  this  amia-r 
ble  young  lady,  but  the  juft  fcnfibility 
which  he  felt  for  her  merit  could  by 
no  means  render  him  unmindful  to 
the  attra6tions  of  Mifs  Dafhwood. 
This  young  lady  was  no  lets  formed 
for  general  efteem  than  her  beautiful 
relation,  and  yet  (he  was  diftinguifhed 
by  very  diffi^rent  accoi;npli(hment9. 
^  Mifs 


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ti€ 


Advent  uris  of 


June 


Mift  Mortimer,  for  ii>(lanct»  wa$ 
the  very  foul  of  chearfulncfs,  whereas 
a  continual  air  of  Hcjcftion  fat  on  the 
features  of  Mils  Dafhwood^thc  firft 
loved  company  auH  converfation,  the  ' 
latter  was  remarkably  filenl  and  fond 

of     retirement Mlfs     Dalhwood, 

however,  was  no  w^y  furpaifed  either 
in  depth  of  fenle,    or  d lenity  of  fcnti- 

ment    by   Mifs    Mortimer and  if 

her  fair  coufin's  v  vacity  rendered  her 
univerfally  belovtd,  flie  pofleflTed  a 
voice  which,  to  borrow  an  cxprcflioa 
from  Milton, 

.     ■  ■        ■  «  Could  take  prisoner 

The  tranced  foul,  and  lap  it  in  ely- 
fium/' 

Upon  the  whole,  if  there  was  a 
fweetnefs  in  Mifs  Mortimer's  face, 
that  excited  love,  there  was  a  majcfty 
in  Mifs  Da(h wood's  that  commanded 
rcfpcft  }  and,  if  the  cndlefs  good  hu- 
mour of  the  one  gave  every  body 
pleafure,  there  was  a  foftncfs  in  the 
melancholy  air  of  the  other  which 
filled  the  whole  foul  with  a  tiudcrnefs 
unutterable— Not  to  trefpals  unnecef- 
farily  on  the  reader's  patience,  Mr. 
Harrington  confidered  Mifs  Mortimer 
with  cltccm — 'Mifs  Dalhwood  he  be- 
held  with   reverence his  fliftcrent 

fcnfatlons  for  each  encreafed  with  his 
acquaintance,  and  while  the  firft  im- 
perceptibly engaged  his  fricnd(hip, 
the  latter  as  imperceptibly  took  pof- 

feflion  of  his  heart Mr.  Harrington 

was  himfelf  naturally  grave,  and  he 
found  a  congenial  fomething  in  Mifs 
Daftiwood  which  rivetted  his  inclina- 
tion ;  dcfirous  therefore  of  rendering 
himfelf  agreeable  to  a  lady,  on  whom 
his  felicity  immediately  depended,  he 
doubled  his  afliduities  to  plcule  her, 
and  did  not  defpair  of  obtaining  his 
father's  confent  could  he  but  happily 
make  her  propitious  to  his  wi(he8— 
Satbfied  of  this,  he  went  fo  far  as  to 
open  the  fecret  of  his  paflion  to  Colo- 
r.cl  Mortimer,  and  tlie  two  ladies,  re- 
quefting  their  influence  with  Mifs 
Dafhwood,  and  declaring  he  muft  be 
miferablc  for  ever  unlefs  (he  cortdef- 
cendcd  to  approve  lii^  addrefles. 
Colonel  Mortimer  was  a  man  of  great 
prudence,  though  he  wss  a  man  of 
great  honour — itnd  ct  u'd  not  enter 
warmly  into  the  iiuerdts  of  a  man  in 
fuch  an  affair  witli  whoit  fortune  and 
connexions  he  was  wholly  unacquaint- 
•d— he  believed  Mr.  Harrington  to 


\3\fi  a  ptrfon  of  condition,  he  found 
him  amiable  in  his  perfbn,  enlarged 
in  his  mind,  and  finilhed  in  his  edu- 
cation—but ftill  a  marriage  with  his 
relation,  a  relation  too  immediately' 
under  his  protection,  was  a  builneft 
of  importance  in  which  compliments 
were  entirely  out  of  the  .cafe  {  he  ac- 
cordingly declined  to  aflTift  Mr.  Har- 
rington's views  at  that  time,  but  po-~ 
litely  hinted  that  he  (hould  in  a  (hor^ 
time  return  to  England,  and  that  it. 
Mr.  Harrington  ftill  retained  his  fen- 
timents  for  Miff  Dalhwood,  anc|  coul4 
make  a  fettlement  fuitabU  to  her  for* 
tune,  there  was  not  any  body  whom 
he  would  fooner  recommend  to  her 
for  a  hufband. 

Juil  as  Colonel  Mortimer  had  given 
this  reply,  Mi(s  Dafhwood  entered  the 
lOom,  and  begging  Mr.  Harrington 
would  favour  her  with  a  (hon  audience 
(he  proceeded  in  the  following  manner 
;-^"  I  have  juft  this  moment  been 
informed  by  Mifs  Mortimer,  Sir,  that 
you  honour  me  with  a  very  favoura- 
ble opinion,  and  I  will  neither  doubt 
your  veracity  nor  my  own  little  merits 
(b  far  as  to  imagine  a  circumftance  of 

this  nature  wholly  impoffible But, 

Sir,  I  ihould  be  utterlv  unworthy  the 
attachment  you  profels  for  me,  if  I 
was  to  delude  you  with  the  fliadow  of 
a  hope,  where  I  do  not  mean  to  give 
the  Icaft  encouragement — I  am  there- 
fore under  a  neceility  of  declaring  that 
I  never  can  be  yours. — Your  perfoa 
and  manners  are  unexceptionable  Mr^ 
Harrington,  and  there  js  not  a  gentle- 
man of  my  acquaintance  vyho  pofleffef 
a  higher  place  in  my  efteem  : — Yet, 
Sir,  notwithllandingthis  acknowledge- 
ment, I  muft  beg  to  decline  your 
addrelTes,— andto  convince  you  I  muft 
—I  will  now  candidly  own  what  I  ne- 
ver   before  confcfled tb.^t   any 

heart  I  polTefs  is  already  engagcd--- 
engaged  Sir  romantically,  nay  ridicu- 
loufly  to  a  man  I  never  faw  nor  pof- 
fibly  ever  (hall— -but  it  is  unalterably 
fixed-— I  have  a  right  to  indulge  my 
peculiarity---and  after  this  informa- 
tion I  am  fure  you  will  have  too  much 
pride,  as  welj  as  too  much  humanity, 
to    diilrefs   me  with  any  folicitation." 

The  moment  Mifs  Dafhwood  ended, 
Ihe  .quitted  the  room  in  very  vifiblc 
confulion,  and  Mr.  Harrington  fat  in 
a  Hate  of  inconceivable  lurprizc  flaring 
wildly  at  Colonel  Mortimer,  who  feeiiv 

c4 


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1768.      Sir  WiLB  RAHAM  Wen  T  WORTH,  ^8y 


ed  bimfelf  to  labour  under  no  inconfi- 
derable  degree  of  aftonifhment.— Mr. 
Harrington  with  a  deep  figh  at  laft 
recovered  hjmfelf,  ana  promifed  to 
fuftain  his  fate  with  as  much  fortitude 
as  poflible,  wifhing  that  a  continual 
round  ol  felicity  might  be  the  lady's 
portion,  though  he  could  expeft  no- 
thing but  cndlels  wretchednefs  for 
his  own.— Colonel  Mortimer-- faw 
his  diflrefs,  and  pitied  him— but  the 
colonel's  pity  was  a  very  trifling  con- 
folation,  efpecially  when  he  faid  that 
his  coufm  was  a  very  extraordinary 
young  woman--that  (he  mufthave  her 
own  way,  or  (he  would  probably  quit 
his  family,  bcing*not  only  independent, 
but  extremely  affluent  in  her  circum- 
ftanCes. 

In  a  little  time  after  this,  Colonel 
Mortimer  and  his  family  returned  to 
England,  leaving  poor  Harrington  to 
brood  in  fecret  over  the  anguilh  of  his 
own  reflexions- --Harrington's  parting 
with  thefe  deferring  people  was  a  con- 
fiderable  aggravation  of  his  diftrefs-  — 
though  rcfufed  as  a  lover  by  Mifs 
Daftiwood  he  ftill  vifited  at  the  Co- 
TonePs  with  his  ufual  afliduity,  and 
was  even  received  with  an  encreafcd 
regard  on  account  of  the  implicit  fub- 
nuflion,  which  he  paid  to  that  lady's 
injunctions— -this  in  fome  meafure 
foethed  the  bittemeft  of  his  difappoint- 
went,  he  foUnd  a  melancholy  kind 
ofpleafure  in  looking  at,  or  conver- 
ijng  with,  the  objcft  of  his  affeftions, 
and  flattered  himfelf  that  time  would 
rcftore  his  former  tranquility; --but 
the  moment  he  loft  this  confblation, 
he  became  a  viftim  to  the  moft  poig- 
nant dcfpair,  and  would  probably 
have  fallen  a  facrifice  to  his  paffion, 
if  the  death  of  his  father  which  hap- 
pened about  this  time,  had  not  driven 
the  tide  of  furrow  into  a  new  channel, 
and  opened  a  (cent  of  bufinefs  that 
helped,  in  fome  meafure,  to  refcue 
him  from  the  gloom  of  his  own  ima- 
gination. 

It  was  now  fo  long  fince  the  unfor- 
tunate affair  in  which  Mr.  Harrington 
wounded  his  antagonift,  that  he  was 
under  no  apprehenfion  of  fetting  out 
to  England  on  the  firft  intelligence, 
efpecially  as  the  gentleman  had  per- 
fe&ly  recovered— he  therefore  depart- 
ed with  the  utmoft  expedition- --and 
when  his  father's  funeral  was  folem- 
nized,  every  debt  difcharged,  and  his 
mother  of  whom  he  was  extremely 


fond  fettled  to  his  wifli,  th^  firft  objedl 
which  recurred  to  his  memory  wat 
the  fum  of  which  his  grandfather  had 
been  faid  to  defraud  the  poor  Mrs. 
Ormfby.  On  a  minute  examination 
into  the  affair  he  found  the  chargo 
againft  his  anceftor  was  but  too  juft, 
and  he, determined  immediately  to  re* 
ftore  what  could  not  honeftly  belong 
to  him.— His  fortune  was  extremely 
ample,  not  lefs  than  eight  thoufand  a 
year  with  a  prodigious  fum  of  ready 
money,  confequently  there  could  b« 
no  nceeffity  for  procraftinating  the 
payment;  accordingly,  ordering  his 
fteward  to  get  bills  ready  to  the  amount 
of  twenty  thoufand  pounds,  he  de- 
fired  him  to  carry  them  with  a  letter 
which  he  had  written  to  Captain 
Ormlby.— ««  Captain  Orm%  is  dead. 
Sir,  anfwcred  the  fteward,  and  fo  is 
Mrs.  Ormiby" — ^^*'  Good  God  (re- 
plied Sir  Wilbraham)  how  unfortu- 
nate  but  they  had  a  daughter" 

"  She  was  taken  by  fome  of  her 

father's  relations,  Sir,  returned  th« 
fteward,  and  left  as  we  are  told  in 
very  good  circumftances  by  the  will 
of  a  grand  aunt,  who,  during  the  cap- 
tain's life  would  not  give  a  Siilling  to 
relieve  his  neceffities"— ««  Well  Mr. 
Willis,  rejoined  Sir  Charles— I  fljal! 

write  a  letter  to  the  young  lady i 

you  can  eafily  find  her  out  I  fuppofe,'* 
•*  Yes  Sir  1  believe  I  can"  faid  Mr. 
Willis,  on  which  Sir  Wilbraham  im- 
mediately fat  down,  and  difmiflcd  him 
with  the  following  epiftle  ; 

Madam, 

IT  is  with  infinite  concern  I  recol- 
lect that  your  good  mother,  by 
'fome  unaccountable  means,  was  greatly 
injured  by  my  family,  and  I  blufh  to 
think  that  reparation- --has  been  de- 
layed fo  long- -give  me  leave  therefore 
for  "the  fum  which  was  MifsMilmour'a 
right,  to  beg  your  acceptance  of  the 
twenty  thoufand  pounds  enclofed  in 
this  letter,  and  to  confider  the  extra- 
ordinary ten  as  a  legal  debt  due  for 
the  intereft  of  the  original  demand, 
and  the  expences  which  ihe  was  at  in 
her  unfortunate  endeavour  to  recover 
it-— do  not  hefitate  a  moment,  madam, 
to  receive  your  own,  and  be  affured 
that  the  knowledge  of  your  h^ppinefs 
will  always  give  the  greateft  fatisfac- 
tion  to  your 

Molt  obedient  humble  fcrvnnt 
Wilbraham  W£nt\vort[{. 


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isn 


The  fteward  carried  this  letter  in 
conformity  \o  orders,  and  returned 
in  a  little  time,  producing  a  receipt 
for  the  money,  and  informing  his 
mafter  that  the  lady  would  do  herfelf 
the  pleafure  of  waiting  on  him  imme- 
.  diately.— In  about  an  hour  (he  ar- 
rived accordingly  attended  by  a  gen- 
tleman and  was  (hewn  in  to  Sir  WiU 
braham,  who,  exclaimed  Mits  Da{h- 
wood  1  Colonel  Mortimer !  pray  how 
long  have  you  been  in  town  ?  Mifs 
Pamwoood  and  the  Colonel  replied,  by 
aflcing  how  long  he  had  been  in  Eng- 
land, and  exprefling  their  great  iatis- 
faction  at  feeing  him  fo  well.— After 
congratulations  had  mutually  pafled— 
Colonel  Mortimer  began  by  aiking 
where  Sir  Wilbraham  was,  faying 
that  his  coufin  was  come  to  thank 
him  for  a  rood  extraordinary  a£t  of 
generofity,  and  exprefling  a  little  fur- 
prize  that  they  did  not  find  him  in 
that  room-— Sir  Wilbraham  to  this 
replied  '*  my  dear  Colonel  you  mud 
now  know  Sir  Wilbraham  Wentworth 
in  your  old  friend  Harrington,  and  I 
ihall  be  cxtiemly  happy 

The  baronet  would  have  proceeded 
but  he  was  interrupted  by  a  violent 
ihriek  from  Mifs  Dafhwood— who 
juft  pronounced  the  words,  **  You  Sir 
Wilbrahamr'.- -and  fell  lifelcfs  on  the 
floor— -If  the  furprize  of  the  Colonel 
and  Sir  Wilbraham  was  great  at  thia 
nncxpeflcd  circumltance,  their  afto- 
nlfliment  Was  dill  greater  when  on  re- 
covering Mifs  Dafhwood  Ihe  went  on 
to  this  purport. 

If  you  arc  Sir  Wilbraham  Went- 
worth the  hand  of  heaven  is  certainly 
working  miracles,— when  I  thought 
you  really  Mr.  Harrington,  I  told  you 
my  affections  were  unalterably  fixed 
upon  a  man  I  had  never  (een-  — but 
at  that  nloment  they  were  fixed  upon 
the  fon  of  Sir  Charles  Wentworth-— 
after  ray  poor  father  was  obliged  to 
part  with  his  commiflion  and  after  he, 
with  his-  little  family,  difcarded  by 
all  their  relations,  were  plunged  in 
the  deepeft  iVidrtii  (we  did  not  then 
know  Colonel  Mortimer  was  our  re- 
lation) I  have  a  thoiffand  times  heard 
my  unhappy  parents  lavi/h  in  the 
praife  of  your  humanity  %  I  have  a 
Ihoutand  times  heard  them  declare 
that  had  it  not  been  for  the  afTiftance 
which  you  procured  themi  they  rauft 
I 


ViRTVB    REWARDSD^  JUDO 

have  abfoluttly  perifhed  for  want  of 
bread- -I  loved  my  parents  tenderly. 
Sir  Wilbraham,  and  my  heart  greedily 
imbibed  early  fentiments  of  gratitude 
for  their  prcfeiver.-— As  I  grew  up  I 
found  this  gratitude  imperceptibly 
foftening  into  tendernefs,  and  the 
chara^er  which  we  continually  re- 
ceived of  you  was  fo  amiable,  that  I 
determined  never  to  alter  my  fituation, 
unlefs  I  could  obtain  Mr.  Wentworth 
for  ray  hufband— Silly,  idle  and  chi- 
merical as  my  refolution  may  feem, 
my  refolution  was  unalterable,  and  I 
do  not  blufh  to  acknowledge  myfelf 
the  (Irenuous  admirer  of  virtue--On 
the  death  of  my  fatlter  and  mother, 
which  happened  while  you  Vrere 
abroad,  Mrs.  Dafhwood,  who  was 
aunt  to  the  former,  took  me  under  her 
protedlion,  though  fhe  never  would 
take  any  notice  of  me  before,  and  I 
had  the  good  fortune  to  be  fuch  a  fa- 
vourite with  her  that  at  her  deceafe 
fhe  left  me  a  large  fortune  oji  condi- 
tion that  I  adopted  her  name — the 
name  I  accordingly  a/Tumed,  the  for- 
tune, I  ftill  pofTefs,  and  if  Sir  Wilbra- 


ham Wentworth  is  aftoated  by  the 
fentiments  which  were  once  acknow- 
ledged by  Mr.  Harrington,  my  per- 
fon  and  my  eflate  are  at  his  fervice* 
whenever  he  thinks  proper  to  demand 
them— I  have  not  been  two  days  in 
town  and  I  figned  the  receipt  for  the 
twenty  thoufand  pounds,  with  my 
original  name,  becaufe  I  purpofed  im- 
mediately to  wait  upon  SirWilbraham, 
to  thank  him  for  his  unparalleled  ge- 
nerofity, and  to  acquaint  him  with 
the  happy  revolution  in  my  circum- 
ftances,'' 

Mils  Dafliwood  having  ended.  Sir 
Wilbraham  immediately  accounted 
for  his  afl'uming  the  name  of  Har- 
rington, which  clearly  explained  this 
comedy  of  errors— the  two  principal 
aftors  were  in  a  little  tinie  after  united, 
and  live  at  this  moment  in  the  moft 
perfci^l  happinefs  that  humanity  can 
knew,  proving,  beyond  a  doubt,  that 
however  virtue  may  fuffer  for  a  time, 
even  in  this  world,  it  is  generally 
fure  of  being  rewarded  in  the  end. 

WE  have  alfo  this  month  obliged 
our  readers  with  a  continua- 
tion of  the  road  from  London  to  Ber- 
wick. 

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The  Hiftofy  6f  the  laft  Seflion  of  Parliament,  Gfr, 

n#  HUfoty  $/ ibt  Sifign^  rf' Par&amiMt  ^nuhieb  iifOM  Not.  ji,  t y66,  hemg  tbtfixtb 
S^jm  iftbi  TwMb  Parliamemt  ^Great-Britain,  wifttb  an  Account  $/ali  tbe  ma^ 
tirial  Stus/Uous  tbirein  ^UurmiMtd^  mnd  rftbe  PolUksl  DiJ^$t  tberiby  octafimud 
mntboMiJ)§ori,    (kBtkmsdfrom  p.  iSo. 


TO  Ae  hiftcHy  of  the  above  pro- 
ceedifigs»  in  which  the  colonies 
leem  to  have  been  treated  with  no  lit- 
tle feverityy  we  Audi  here  add  a  cir- 
Gumfttnce  which  happened  a  little 
earlier  in  the  icfiion.  On  the  1 6th  of 
Febniaiy,  the  Lord  Clare  (from  the 
comnuifionertof  trade  and  plantations) 
^cquaiAted  the  houfe,  that  hit  majefty 
had  commanded  them  to  inform  the 
houfe,  that  they  had  received,  inclofed 
Jn,^  a:  letter  from  Sir  Henry  Moore» 
bart.  (bis  majefty't  ^vemor  of  New 
York)  a  petition  of  the  merchants 
in  the  citjr  of  New  York,  addref&d  to 
tlM  Hoaie  of  Commons,  which  the 
governor  (ays,  he  tranfmitted  to  the 
commiiiioDers  of  trade  and  planta- 
tions, at  the  requeft  of  a  committee  of 
merchants  of  New  York.  This  peti- 
tion, which  certainly  deferved  a  par- 
ticular attention,  from  that  regard  to 
the  trade  and  profperity  of  this  king- 
dom and  our  plantations,  which 
ought  always  to  a6laate  every  branch 
of  tbe  legtflature,  would  not  certainly 
have  been  treated  with  fo  little  regard 
ns  it  was,  had  it  not  been  for  tbe  ill 
Icmper  of  the  majority  of  the  mem- 
•bers  then  preient. 

This  petition  being  brought  np  and 
read  ;  fet  forth,  that  the  commerce  of 
the  North  American  colonies  is  fo  fe- 
yrtTt\y  clogged  and  redrided  by  the 
itatutes  of  tbe  4tb  and  6th  of  his  pre- 
sent majefty^s  reign,  as  to  afford  a 
jnelancholy  Pi^faj^  of  its  deftruAion, 
Che  faul  effeas  o^  which,  though  firit 
felt  there,  muft  be  finally  transferred 
to  Great  Bntsun,  and  center  with  her 
merchants  and  manufacturers  %  that 
an  evil  fo  extenfive,  could  not  fail  of 
alarming  tbe  petitioners,  wbofe  fitua- 
tion  expofes  them  to  tbe  firft  impref- 
iion  of  this  calamity  ;  whence  they 
think  it  their  duty  to  implore  the 
houfe  to  refume  the  coniidteration  of 
the  plantation  trade,  for  effe^oal  re** 
dre(s*  It  is  the  lingular  difadvantage 
of  the  Northern  Britifh  colonies,  that* 
while  they  ftand  in  need  of  vaft  quan- 
tities of  the  manufaftures  of  Great 
Sritain,    the   country  produces  very 

June,  276S. 


little  that  affords  a  direft  remittanoe 
thither  in  payment,  and  therefore 
from  neceflity  they  have  been  driven 
to  leek  a  market  for  their  produce, 
and,  by  a  courfe  of  traffic,  to  acquire 
either  money  or  fuch  merchandize,  u 
would  anfwer  the  purpofe  of  a  remit- 
tance, and  enable  them  tofuftain  their 
credit  with  their  mother  country  i  As 
the  nature  of  thepetitioners  commerce, 
when  free  from  the  kte  repaints, 
ought  to  be  underffood,  they  beg 
leave  to  obferve>  that  their  produce 
then  lent  to  our  own  and  the  foreign 
iilands,  was  chiefly  bartered  for  fugasi 
rum,  melaffes,  cotton,  and  indi^i 
that  the  fugar,  cotton,  and  indigo, 
ferved  as  remittance  to  Great  Britain, 
which  the  rum  and  melaffes  conftltut* 
ted  effenttal  branches  of  their  com- 
merce, and  enabled  them  to  barter 
with  our  own  colonies  for  fi(h  and 
rice,  and  by  that  means  toptkrfue  a 
valuable  trade  with  Spain,  Portugal 
and  Italy  where  they  chiefly  obtained 
money,  or  bills  of  exchange  in  return^ 
and  likewife  qualified  them  for  adven- 
tures to  Africa,  where  they  had  the 
advantage  of  putting  off  great  quan- 
tities of  Britifli  manufactures,  and  of 
receiving  in  exchange  ^old,  ivory, 
and  flaves,  which  laft  being  difpofed 
of  in  the  Weft  India  iflands,  com- 
manded money  or  bills :  Rum  was  in- 
difpenfabte  in  their  Indian  trade,  and 
with  Britilh  manufa^ures,  procured 
furs  and  flcins,  which  both  ferved  for 
confiderable  returns  to  Great  Britain, 
and  encreafed  its  revenue.  The  trade 
to  the  bay  of  Honduras  was  alfo  of 
great  importance,  it  beine  managed 
with  fmail  cargoes  of  proviuons,  rum, 
ami  Bricifh  manufactures,  which, 
while  they  were  at  liberty  to  fend 
foreign  logwood  to  the  different  ports 
in  Europe,  furniOied  them  with  ano- 
ther valuable  branch  of  remittance* 
From  this  view,  it  is  evident  that  fu- 
gar,  rum,  melaffes  and  logwood,  with 
cotton  and  indigo,  are  the  eflentials 
of  their  return- cargoes,  and  the  chief 
fources^  firom  which,  in  a  courfe  of 
trade  they  have  maintained  their  cre- 
O  o  dit 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


the  Hist  ory  of  the  laft  Scflion  </  Pariamcnt,        Juiie 


dit  with  Great  Britain.  That  confi- 
dcring  the  prodigious  confumption 
^f  the  produce  of  the  Weft  Indies  in 
Great  Britain,  IreUnd,  and  the  colo- 
nies on  the  continent  of  America  5  the 
i^^piJ  increafe  of  thofe  colonics  ;  the 
▼aft  acccffion  of  fubje^s  by  the  late 
«oiitfiie(ls  ;  the  utter  incapacity  of  our 
:i»^Ti  ifland,  to  fupply  fo  great  a  de- 
mand, will,  the  petitioners  prefume, 
be  out  of  all  queAion  ;  on  the  other 
hand,  the  lumber  produced  from 
clearing  this  immenfe  territory^  and 
the  provifions  extracted  fix>m  a  fertile 
foil,  muft  raife  a  fupply  for  exporta- 
tioji  much  greater  than  ail  our  iflands 
.  can  confume  ;  it  feems  therefore  con« 
fiftent  with  iound  policy,  to  indulge 
thofe  colonies  both  in  the  free  and  un- 
reftrained  exportation  of  all  the  lum- 
ber and  produce  they  can  fpare,  and 
an  ample  importation  of  fugar,  rum, 
and  melafTes,  to  fupply  the  various 
branches  of  their  trade  5  (ince  without 


branch  of  bufinefs^  while,  to  people 
Icfs  fcnipulous,  it  prefcnts  an  irrefifta* 
ble  temptation  to  frauggling.  That 
the  prefl'urc  of  this  duty  is  not  aggra- 
vated, the  petitioners  appeal  to  the 
officers  of  the  cuftoms  of  their  port, 
who  muft  confefs  that  there  have  not 
been  wanting^  inftances  where  mer- 
chants have  been  driven  to  the  difa- 
greeable  neceflity  9f  bringing;  their 
very  plate  into  the  Cuftom-houfe  to 
difcharge  it.  The  petitioners,  th^i^- 
fbre  moft  humbly  entreat  tliat  a  more 
moderate  duty  be  laid  on  foreign  fa- 
gal's,  which,  they  are  afTured,  would 
not  only  greatly  promote  the  profpe- 
rity  both  of  thofe  colonies  and  their 
mother  country,  "  but  encreafe  the 
royal  revenue  far  beyond  what  can  be 
expefted  under  the  prefent  reftraints. 
Tne  compelling  merchants  to  lapd  and 
ftore  foreign  fogars  in  Great  Britain, 
before  they  are  exported  to  othor 
parts  of  Europe,  is  ai^other  expertfivc 


the  one  the  clearing  of  lands  will  be    and  dilatory  reftri^lion,  without  being 


difcouraged  J  and  provifions,  for  want 
of  vent,  become  of  little  profit  to 
the  farmer;  without  the  other,  the 
petitioners  muft  be  plunged  into  a 
total  incapacity  of  making  good  their 
payments  of  BritiOi  debts  ;  their  cre- 
dit muft  (ink,  and  their  imports  from 
Great  Britain  gradually  dimini(b, 
till  they  are  contrafVed  to  the  narrow 
f  ompafs  of  remittances,  in  articles  of 
their  own  produce ;  whence  the  colo- 
pies  muft,  from  inevitable  neceifity, 
betake  themfelves  to  manufa^hires 
of  their  own,  which  will  be  attended 
with  confequences  very  detrimental 
to  thofe  of  Great  Britain. 

The  petitioners  having  thus  repre- 
fentcd  the  nature  of  their  commerce, 
humbly  beg  leave  to  point  out  the  fe- 
veral  grievances  under  which  it  la- 
bours, from  the  regulations  prefcribed 
by  the  two  before  mentioned  ads. 
The  heavy  embarraflments  which  at^ 
tend  the  article  of  fugai;«  is  a  capital 
fubiedl  of  complaint ;  and,  befides  the 


of  any  material  advantage  to  the  re- 
venue of  Great  Britain  ;  for  it  puts  it 
out  of  the  petitioners  power  to  meet 
foreigners  at  market  upon  an  equal 
footing.  That  BritKh  plantation  fu- 
gar exported  from  North  America, 
ihould  be  declared  French  on  being 
landed  in  England,  the  petitioners 
conceive  may  be  juftly  clafled  among 
the  number  of  hardfhips  inflided  by 
thofe  regulations,  as  in  effeft  it  de- 
prives them  of  making  a  remittance 
'in  that  article,  by  expofing  them  to 
the  payment  of  the  foreign  duty  in 
Great  Britain,  w4iich  appears  the 
more  fcvere,  as  their  fellow  fubjefts 
of  the  iflands  are  left  at  liberty  to  ex- 
port thofe  fuffars  for  what  tbev  really 
are,  and  a  diftih^ion  is  f^rmecl  which 
the  petitionersvcannot  but  regard  with 
uneafmefs.  That  foreign  rum,  French 
excepted,  is  the  next  article  which 
the  petitioners  moft  humbl]^  propofe 
for  confideration,  as  its  importation, 
on  a  moderate  duty,    would  add  con- 


abfolute  neceflity  of  a  great  importa-     fiderably  to  the  revenue,  prevent  fmug 

tion  to  fuftain    their  trade,    ir  often       '""      ''  '*     '' '      **  '*"*'' 

happens,  that  at  the  foreign  iflands, 
a  fufficient  return- cargo,  independant 
of  fugar,  cannot  be  procured,  which 
render  trade  precarious  and  difcoura- 
ging ;  befides,  th^  high  duty  of  5s. 
jicrling  a  hundred,  is  Iound  by  expe- 
rience to  be  fo  exceifive,  that  it  has  in- 
duced the  fair  trader  to  decline  that 


gling,  encreafe  the  fale  of  BritiCh  ma- 
nufactures, and  enable  the  petition- 
ers to  bring  back  the  full  value  of 
their  cargoes,  more  efpecially  from  the 
Daniih  iflands  of  St.  Thomas  and  St. 
Croix,  where  they  can  only  receive 
half  the  vahie  in  fugar  and  cotton, 
and  confequently  rum  alone  can  be 
^xpefied  for  the    other   half,    tho(e 

iAandc 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


1768.    ^e  History  cf  the  lafi  Seffion  ^Parliament,      5S91 

iflaadt  baying  no  fpice  but  of  a  bafe    employing  fo  great  a  number  of  ftiip. 


kind*  That  it  is  with  the  grcatcft 
concern  the  petitioners  obferve,  that 
foreign  logwood  is  alfo  made  fubjeA 
to  the  delay,  hazard,  and  expence  of 
being  landed  in  Great  Britain  ;  which 
with  its  low  price^  its  bulk,^  and  the 
diity  with  which  it  is  now  burthened^ 
man  totally  deftroy  that  valuable 
branch  of  the  petitioners  commerce, 
and  throw  it  into  the  hands  of  foreign- 
ers unfettered  with  thofe  heavy  em- 
barraflmcnts-  That  their  lumber  and 
pot-a(h,  even  when  (hipped  for  Ireland, 
where  the  latter  is  fo  neceiTary  for  the 
progrefs  of  their  linen  manufacture, 
and  even  proviHons,  though  intended 
to  relieve  that  kingdom  from  a  fa- 
mine,   are  fubjc6l  to  the  fame  diftref- 


ping,  itconftitutes  a  refpedlable  nur- 
fery  for  fcamen,  and  Is  fo  advanta- 
geous for  remittances  in  payment  for 
Britifli  mannfaftures  j  whence  the 
petitioners  humbly  prefume  it  will  be 
cherifhcd  by  the  houfe,  and  every  im- 
pediment  removed  that  tends  to  check 
its  progrefs.  The  enlarging  the  ju- 
rifdiaion  of  the  admiralty  is  another 
part  of  the  ftatute  of  the  fourth  of  hit 
majefty's  reign,  very  grievous  to  th« 
trade  and  navigation  of  the  colonies^ 
and  oppreflive  to  the  fubje6ls.  The 
petitioners  beg  leave  to  exprefs  their 
warmeft  fentiments  of  gratitude  for  the 
advantages  intended  by  parliament  in 
the  opening  free  ports  in  the  iflands  of 
Jamaica  and  Dominica;   yet,  at  the 


fing  impediments  5    nor^  is  flax-feed,  >  fame  time,   cannot  but  lament  their 


on  the  timely  importation  of  which 
the  very  exigence  of  the  linen  manu- 
facture immediately  depends,  exempt- 
ed :  Yet  both  flax- feed,  lumber,  and 
pot-afb,  may  all  be  imported  into 
Ireland  direClly  from  the  Baltic^  where 
they  are  purchafed  from  foreigners 
unuer  the  national  difadvantage  of  be- 
ing paid  for  with  money  inftead  qf  ma- 
nufadures;  the  petitioners,  therefore. 


being,  fo  unhappy  as  to  be  un&ble  to 
reap  the  benefits,  which,  it  was  ima* 
gined,  would  flow  from  fo  wife  a  policy. 
The  coUefting  great  quantities  of  the 
produce  of  Martinico,  Guadaloupe, 
&c.  at  the  ifland  of  Dominica,  would 
be  of  real  advantage  to  the  colonies, 
were  they  permitted  to  take  them  in 
return  for  their  lumber  ahd  provifion«| 
but  as  they  are  now  prohibited  from 


humbly  beg    leave  to    exprefs    their  ^  taking  any  thin^  but  melafl^es,  the  pe 


hones,  that  a^  evil  fo  higWy  prejudi- 
cial  to  them,  to  the  (laple  pf  Ireland, 
and  to  the  trade  and  manufactures  of 
Great  Britain,  will  not  fail  of  obtain- 
ing the  ^attention  of  the  houfe,  and 
an  immediate  and  efieCtual  redrefs. 
The  petitioners  beg  Jeave  farther  to 
reprefent,  that  the  wines  from  the  if- 
lands, in  exchange  for  ^heat,  flour, 
flfli  and  lumber,  would  confide rably 
augment  the  important  aiticle  of  re- 
mittance, was  the  American  duty 
withdrawn  on  exj^o^tation  to  Great 
Britain :  It  is  therefore  Jiambly  fub- 
mitted  to  the  houfe,  whether  fuch  an 
expedient,  calculated  at  once  to  attach 
the  inhabitants  to  hufl>andry,  by  en- 
creadng  the  confumption  of  Amt:rican 
produce,  to  encourage  Britifli  manu- 
factures, by  enabling  the  petitioners 
to  make  good  their  payments,  and  to 
encreafe  the  royal  revenue  by  an  addi- 
tional import  of  wines  into  Great 
Britain,  will  npt  be  conflflent  with 
the  united  interefts  both  of  the  mo- 
ther country  and  her  colonies*  The 
petitioners  alfo  conceive  that  the  North 
American  fi(hery  is  of  the  higheft  na- 
HomI  importance^  fince^  by  annually 


litioners  think  it  evident,  that  they 
can  derive  no  fubftantial  advantage  un- 
der fuch  a  reflraint,  and  are  unable  to 
difcern  the  principle  on  which  the 
prohibition  is  founded ;  for  fmce  fugar 
may  be  imported  dircCtly  from  the 
foccign  iflands,  it  feems  much  more 
reafonable  to  fufFer  it  from  a  free  port 
belonging  to  Great  Britain.  The  pe- 
titioners, therefore  htimbly  hope,  that 
the  houfe  will  think -it  equitable  to 
adopt  this  trade  to  their  circumflances^ 
by  granting  them  liberty  to  import 
into  the  colonies  all  Weft-India  pro- 
ductions, in  exchange  for  their  corfi- 
modities ;  and  that,  upon  the  whole, 
the  petitioners,  with  the  greateft  an- 
xiety, find  themfelves  obliged  to  in- 
form the  houfe,  that  although,  at  the 
Jaft  feflion,  the  neceflity- of  relieving 
the  trade  of  thofe  colonies  feems  to 
have  been  univerfally  admitted,  and 
the  tetider  regard  of  parliament  for 
their  happinefs  highly  diftinguiflicd  5 
neverthelefs,  experience  has  evinced, 
that  the  commercial  regulations  then 
enacted,  inftead  of  remedyihg,  have 
encreafed  the  heavy  burthen  under 
which  it  already  laboured.  Hence, 
O  o  »  upon 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


Tifo  HisTORT  ef  /*^  J^fi  ^cffion  ^/  parliament    Jim^ 


292 

due  confi4eraltoiiiiiotliing<:an  be  more 
nunifeft^  than  that  tke  ability  of  thofe 
colonies  to  puijohare  the  manufadares 
of  Great  Britain^  immediately  depends 
npon,  and  is  infeperably  conneded 
vWi  the  preere(»  of  their  commerce; 
and  that  ability,  ,by  removing  the  ne- 
ceflity  of  home  manufadturest  would 
leave  them  at  liberty  to  purfue  agri- 
culture, in. which  their  true  intereft 
confifti.  The  petitioners,  therefore, 
pray  the  houfe  to  take  the  above  into 
cqniidcration,  and  to  grant  fuch  relief 
therein  as  ihould  be  thought  confiftent 
with  good  policy^  and  the  mutual  in- 
terefts  of  Great  Britain  and  her  colo- 
nies. 

There  was  never  perhaps  a  petition 
ef  more  confeqaence,  in  relation  to 
trader  preCtnted^  to  parliament  than 
this»  or  one  in  which  our  colonies^ 
the  Britifli  merchants  trading  to  the 
continent  of  America^  with  our  arti- 
zans  and  manufaSurers  are  more 
nearly  interefted,  and,  therefore,  if 
the  faAs  upon. which  the  petition  ia 
founded,  could.be  fufliciently  proved, 
they  juftly  called  for  an  immediate  re- 
dr^}  eipecially  if  the  regulations 
here  recommended  would  be  of  little 
or  no  dlfadvantage  to  our  Weft-India 
iflandStf^  But  (he  majority  of  thehoofe 
appear  to  have  been  to  much  ofifondcd 
at  the  inhabitanu  of  our  colonies  in 
North  America,  and  particularly  with 
thofe  of  New  York,  as  to  refoive  not 
to  fpend  a  thought  on  their  advanti^gSj 
whatever  eflFe6t  this  might  have  on 
our  meccbants,  tradefnusn  and  manu- 
fadurers  |  and  therefore  this  petition 
was  reje£led,  by  its  being  ordered  to  lie 
on  the  table*  But  it  is  to  be  hoped, 
that  the  time  b  at  hand,  when  effec- 
tual meafuces  will  be  taken  to  revive, 
our  declining  commerce )  and  that  a 
more  judicious  parliament,  that  has 
much  better  ideas  of  trade  than  the 
lad,  will  conciliate  the  aiFe^ons  of 
our  colonies  to  their  mother  country, 
and  enable  them  to  trade  with  us,  on 
a  footing  equally  advantageous  to  both. 

We  now  come  to  fome  a£ls  of  a 
more  limited  nature,  as  not  having  an 
immediate  relation  either  to  the  whole 
kingdom  in  general,  or  to  Our  exten- 
ftve  plantations,  and  Ihall  here  begin 
with  the  capital  of  Great-Britain. 

The  corporation  of  London  having 
found  the  Turns  which  the  parliament 
had  entitled  them    to  raiie  for   the 


building  of  the  bridge  at  Alack  Friars« 
inadequate  for  the  porpofec^  render* 
ine  it  a  toll-bridge,  and  wanting  fevt*  ' 
ral  other  fums,  to  carry  into  execution 
that  and  fome  other  fchemes  that  had 
been  formed  for  beautifying  and  im« 
provirig  the  city^  Mr,  John  Phterfon^ 
one  of  the  common. council  of  the  ci- 
ty, deputy  of  his  ward,  member  for 
Ludgarfhall,  in  Wiltfhire,  and  chiiir- 
man  of  the  committee  of  ways  and 
means,  formed  a  plan  for  completinj^ 
all  thefe  works,  only  by  continuing 
the  orphan  tax,  the  term  for  which  it 
was  granted  being  almoft  expired,  and 
having  publiOied  a  very  ingenious 
pamphlet  on  that  fubjed,  diflributed 
the  impreflion  a^ong  the  lord  mayor» 
aldermen,  and  common-council.  The 
citizens,  who  had  conceived  an  idea 
that  new  and  burthenfome  taxes  were 
to  belaid  upon  them,  to  carry  on  thofo 
great  and  ^enfive  works,  were  ftruck 
wkh  furpHze  and  pleafure  at  finding 
all  their  fears  groundlefs,'  and  that 
nothing  more  would  be  demanded  of 
them,  than  what  they  were  accuflom- 
ed  to  i>ay,  chearfuJly  gave  it  their  ap* 
probation,  and  a  petition  was  foon 
afier  drawn  up  for  leave  to  bring  in 
a  bill  for  having  it  palTed  into  a  law. 

On  the  31ft  of  January,  the  houie 
being  informed  that  the  meriffs  of  the 
city  of  London  attended  at  the  door, 
they  were  called  in;  and  at  the  bar  pre- 
fented  to  the  houfe  a  petition  of  the 
lord  mayor,  aldermen,  and  commons, 
of  the  city  of  London,  in  common- 
council  afllembled,  and  then  withdrew. 
When  the  petition  was  read,  That  by 
an  adi  paued  in  the  ft9th  year  of 
King  Ceorge  the  Second,  intitled. 
An  a^  for  building  a  bridge  crofs  the 
river  Thames,  from  Black-Friars  in 
the  city  of  London,  to  the  opposite  ^ 
fide  in  the  county  of  Surry,  the  peti- 
tioners were  impowered  to  build  thr? 
faid  bridge,  to  make,  enlai*ge,  or  im« 
prove  flreets,  ways,  and  pafla^es,  oir 
each  fide  of  the  river,  to  and  from  the 
faid  bridge,  to  fill  up  the  channel  cf 
Bridewell- Dock,  and  to  light  and 
watch  the  faid  bridge,  when  built  | 
that  th«  petitioners,  iot  the  purpofes 
aforefaid,  were  impowered  to  take  cer* 
tain  tools  for  the  pafTage  of  the  bridge  ;^ 
and,  on  the  credit  thereof,  to  raife 
any  fum  not  exceeding  160,000].  and 
the  petitioners  have  accordingly  pro- 
ceeded to  carry  the  (aid  a^  inio  execuw 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


i^6«.      The  HisTOity  of  iUlafi  Scffion  Parliament:        29  j 

and»  towards  Ihfe  expencc  there*    Ahd  that  the  wharfs  bctWeen  Faul*s 
-   -    -        -  •      Wharf}  in  the  city  of  London,  and* 

Mtlford  Lane  in  the  county  of  Middle- 
fexy  by  their  different  encroaohments» 
not  only  form  an  irregular  and  difa-^ 
greeable  outline ;  but  afford  the  own- 
ers of  fome  an  undue  preference  and 
advantage  over  others,  at  the  fame' 
tihie  that  the  refleaed  fett  of  th« 
tides,  botk  of  ebb  and  flood,  throws ' 
the  force  of  the  ftream  upon  the  Sur- 
ry (hore,  oppofiteto  Black-Friars,  and, 
of  confequence,  flackens  the  current 
on  the  London  A^e  \  which,  togetfaet ' 


•f,  have  borrowed  the  fum  of  144,000!. 
befides  which  they  have  contributed 
the  fum  of  x6,«ooL  and  have  rajfed 
the  fum  of  x«,i8ol.  xys.  bythe  divi- 
dends and  profits  upon  part  of  the 
laid  monies  invefted  in  the  public 
funds,  andthe  fumof  659I.  los.  6di 
r  the  fale  of  old  materials,  and  tern- 
^  rents  of  fome  prcmifcs  ptircha- 

I  fw  the  purpofes  of  the  faid  aft  5 

which  feveral  lumt  amount  together 
to  the  fum  of  173,0401*  y««  ^.d. 
whereof  the  petitioners  had,  at  Mid 


fiimmer   laft,    expended  the  fum  of    with  the  large    fewers    that    empty 

''     -^--    themfeives  in  the  neighbourhood,  oc- , 
caiions  a    conftant    accumulation    of 
fand,  mud,  and  rubbilh,  and  thereby 
not  only  deftroys  a  great  part  of  the 
navigation  at  low  water,  t>ut  renders 
the  wharfs  inacceflible  by  the  loaded  ' 
craft,  even  at  high  water,  ^unlefs  at 
fpring  tides  :  That  the  petitioners  are 
adviied  all  thefe  inconveniences  mig^t 
be  removed,  if  the  north  fide  of  the  ' 
river  was  imbanked,  fo  as  to  range  in 


140,5951.  If  s.  Vod.  }j  fo  there 
then  remained  a  balance  in  hand  of 
32,4441.  7»-  7d.  15  which,  together 
with  the  fuA  695 1.  5  s.  then  expefted 
to  be  received,  will  raife  the  laid  ba- 
lance to  33,oS9l.  lis.  7d.  |5  and 
that  by  eftimates  of  the  works  which 
remain  to  be  done,  to  complete  the 
faid  bridge,  and  of  premifcs  neccfTary 
to  be  purchafed  for  the  avenues  there- 
to (exchifive  of  roads  on  the  Surry 


ide)  the  fame  require  a  further  fum  of    a  iine  with  the  north  entrance  of  the 


58,5001.  and  that  the  petitioners  con- 
ceive the  intended  toU  on  the  faid 
bridge,  when  the  fame  (hall  be  com- 
pleted, will  be  a  great  obftruftion  to 
Its  pafTage,  and  a  burthen  upon  the 
pablic}  and  therefore  prefume  to 
hope,  that  the  houfc  will  be  of  opi- 
nion, that  the  freeing  the  faid  bridge 
from  fuch  toll  will  be  of  public  utilitv 
and  advantage  ;  in  which  cafe  it  will 
be  neceflary  to  provide  fome  other 
fufficient  fund  for  railing,  as  well  the 
fum  of  144,0001.  to  difcharge  the 
money  borrowed,  as  the  faid  uim  of 
58,5001.  ftill  wanting  for  the  purpofes 
afbrefaid.  That  the  pafTage  over  Lon- 
don Bridge  is  fubjcCt  to  a  prcfcrip- 
tive  toll  upon  all  carts,  waggons,  and 
other  carriages,  pafUng  to  or  from  the 
(aid  city,  loaden  with  any  kinds  of 
goods  or  provifions,  which  toll  is  ap- 
propriated to  the  fupport  of  the  faid 
bridge,  and  is,  at  this  time,  let  upon 
a  Icafe  for  twenty-onc  years,  for  a  fine 
of  1100 1.  and  at  and  under  a  yeariy 
reht  of  735 1.  and  that  the  colleaion 
of  this  toll  greatly  obftrufting  the 
paiTage  of  that  bridge,  and  being  a 
burthen  upon  trade,  the  petitioners 
conceive,  that  the  freeing  of  the  faid 
bridge  therefrom  will  alfo  appear  to 
be  of  public  utility  and  advantage, 
a«4  ^^  require  the  fum  of  30,000  K 


faid  intended  bridge,  the  north  abut- 
ment of  which  is  fo  conftru£led,  as 
that  it  may,  at  the  expence  of  labour 
only,  be  made  to  coincide  therewith, 
and  that  the  expence  of  fuch  imbank- 
ment  is  eflimated  at  the  fnm  of  7500]. 
The  Royal  Exchange,  originally  erod- 
ed bjr  Sir  Thomas  Grefham,  under  the 
aufpices  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  re- 
built foon  after  the  fire  of  London  iit 
1^66,  is  fo  much  decayed  as  to 
threaten  its  total  demolition,  unlefs 
fpeedily  and  effe^ually  repaired  \  and 
that  the  necefTary  repaurs  are  eftiraated 
at  the  fum  of  10,000 1.  a  fam  which 
the  prefent  ftate  of  the  revenues  ap- 
propriated thereto  can  by  no  means 
afford ;  and  that  the  gaol  of  Newgate, 
which  is  not  only  the  county  gaol  of 
Middlefex  as  well  as  London,  but  the ' 
general  prifon  for  flate  prifoners  and 
imugglera  from  all  parts  of  the  king- 
dom, is  fb  fmall  and  ill-contrived,  that  \ 
it  is  impoflible  to  accommodate  the ' 
unhappy  perfons  confined  there  with 
a  fufhcient  fupply  of  frefh  air  and  wa- 
ter, the  debtors  nde  not  enjoying  even 
the  common  benefit  of  light  in  any 
hour  of  the  day,  or  at  any  feafon  of 
the  yearj  from  which  circuroftance  the 
faid  gaol  is  in  general  unhealthy,  and 
often  viiited  by  a  malignant  fever, 
called  the  gaol  diflemper,  the  fatal  ef- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


294     ^^  History  cf  the  laji 

feGtt  of  which  have  fometimes  extend- 
ed beyond  the  prifon  walls  j  befidet 
iRrhich>  the  faid  gaol  it  io  old  and  nil- 
nous,  as  to  be  incapableofimprovementf 
or  any  tolerable  repair  $  and  that  the 
rebuilding  the  faid  gaol  in  a  more  airy 
and  commodious  manner,  is  ellima- 
ted  at  the  fum  of  50,000 1.  and  that 
the  faid  fums  amount  together  to  the 
fum  of  300,000!.  which  (how  much 
foever  the  petitioners  have  the  above- 
mentioned  purpofes  at  heait)  cannot 
be  raifed  without  the  aid  and  authori- 
ty of  parliament. 

That  by  an  aft  paflcd  in  the  fifth  and 
lixth  years  of  the  reign  of  King  Wil- 
liam and  Queen  Mary,  intitled.  An 
ASt  for  the  Relief  of  the  Orphans, 
and  other  Creditors,  of  the  City  of 
London,  it  was  amongft  other  things 
enacted,  Tl^at  for  and  towards  railing 
a  perpetual  fund,  to  pay  the  yearly 
intereft  of  4I.  for  every  100 1,  princi- 
pal money,  and  interefl  thereof  then 
due  to  any  orphan  of  the  faid  city,  or 
the  executors,  adminiftrators,  or  af- 
figns,  of  any  fuch  orphan,  all  and  eve- 
ry the  city's  eftatcs  and  revenues 
fhould  be  for  ever  charged  with  the 
clear  annual  fum  of  8000 1.  and 
the  faid  a^  alfo  appropriated  to 
the  purpofes  aforefaid,  the  renu  and 
profits  of  the  city's  aquedufts  j  and 
the  fum  of  2000 1.  was  thereby  direft- 
ed  to  be  annually  raifed  upon  the 
perfonal  eftatcs  of  the  feveral  inhabi- 
tants within  the  faid  city  and  liberties, 
towards  that  fund ;  and  for  the  farther 
increafe  thereof,  the  fum  of  is.  6d. 
was  diref^ed  to  be  paid  upon  the  bind- 
ing of  every  .apprentice,^  within  the 
faid  city,  and  5s.  by  every  perfon  ad- 
mitted a  freeman  \  and  the  faid  a6l 
impofed  upon  all  forts  of  wine  im- 
ported into  the  port  of*  the  faid  city, 
or  the  members  thcpeof, .  by  way  of 
merchandize,  a  duty  of  4s.  per  tun^ 
over  and  above  the  duties  then  paya- 
ble thereon  5  and  for  every  chaldron 
of  coals  or  culm,  imported  into  the 
faid  port,  or  the  river  of  Thames, 
within  the  liberty  of  the  faid  city,  a 
duty  of  4d.  for  metage  for  ever$  and 
alfo  for  ail  coals  or  culm,  ufually  fold 
by  the  chaldron,  for  every  chaldron 
thereof,  which  ihould  be  imported  in- 
to the  faid  port,  or  mem6ers  thereof, 
from  the  iQth  of  September,  1700, 
over  and  above  all  other  impofitions 
and  duties,  the  fum  of  6d,  and  for 


Scflion  ^/Parllamcnfc      June 

every  ton  of  fueh  coils  as  were  fold  , 
by  the  ton,   the  like  fum  of  6d.  the 
faid  impoOtion  of   6  d.  to   continue 
from  the  faid  a 9th  of  September  for 
fifty^ears.    And  that,  by  an  a^l  of 

f>arliament  pafTed  in  the  reign  of  his  . 
ate  majefty  king  George  the  Second, 
intitled,  An  Aft  for  the  farther  Relief 
of  the  Orphans,  and  other  creditors 
of  the  city  of  London,  and  for  other 
purpofes  therein  mentioned,  the  laid 
duty  of  6  d.  per  chaldron,  or  ton,  of 
coals,  or  ciilm,  was  farther  continued 
during  a  term  of  thirty- five  years  from  ^ 
the  expiration  of  the  laid  term  of  kfty 
years?  and  oMt  of  the  money  arifing 
from  the  faid  impofitions  fo  continu* 
ed,  the  yearly  fum  of  3000 1.  was  di- 
reded  to  be  paid,  dur^'ng  the  faid  ^rni 
of  thirty-five  years,  to  the  warden*.; 
and  commonalty  of^  the  myflery  of  > 
Mercers  of  the  city^jfLondfon,  in  the 
manner,  and  for  the  purpofes,  in  the 
faid  aft  mentioned;  and  the  refidue 
of  the  faid  money  was  thereby  appro-  . 
priated  to  make  part  of  the  fund  foe 
paying  the  interefl  to  the  faid*  orphans, 
and  other  creditors  6f  that  city  5  and  . 
it  was  thereby  direftcd,  that  from 
the  19th  of  September,  1750,  the  ci- 
ty's  eftates  and  revenues  fi)ould  be 
charged  with  ^he  yearly  fum  of  xooo  I. 
and  no  more,  over  and  above  the  faid 
yearly  fum  of  8000 1.  wherewith  they 
then  ftood  charged  \  and  that  the  fur- 
plufTes  arifen,  or  to  arife,  from  the 
funds  Co  appropriated  for  payment  of 
the  faid  intereft,  fhould  be  applied  to 
the  payment  of  the  faid  capital  debt } 
and  that  the  faid  furplufles  have  been 
applied  accordingly,  and  thereby  the 
faid  capital  debt  was  at  Midfummer 
laft  reduced  to  the  fum  of  610,084.1. 
6  s.  xo  d.  and  (computing  the  future 
furpluflTes  at  a  medium  of  the  laft  fLw^ 
years)  the  whole  may  be  expefted  to 
be  p^id  off  and  difchargcd  by  Lady- 
day,  1303  ;  and  that  if  the  feveral  du- 
ties and  impofitions,  which  compofe  ; 
the  orphans  fund*,  were  centinued  to 
Lady-day,  1832,  the  faid  fund  would, 
with  the  addition  thereto  of  1500 1.  per 
annum,  be  fufficient  in  that  time  to  . 
difcharge  the  principal  and^  intereft, 
not  only  of  the  orphans  debt,  but  of 
the  farther  fum  of  300,0001.  dnd  that, 
if  fuch  fund  might  be  made  a  fecurity 
for  raifing  the  laid  fum,  for  the  pur- 
pofes above  ftated,  the  petitioners  are 
willing  and  defirous  th^t  the  faid  city's 
*      eftatcs 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 768.  •  The  History  of  the  lafl  Sefllon  $/  Parliament: 


eftates  and  revenues  (houId>  during 
that  period,  be  charged  with  the  pay- 
ment of  the  faid  yearly  fum  of 
'  S500I.  towards  the  increafe  of  the  faid 
fund,  over  and  above  the  yearly  fum  of 
10,000 1,  with  which  the  faid  eftates 
and  revenues  now  ftand  charged  ;  and 
that,  as  there  will  be  no  fund  for  de- 
'  frayin|;  the  expenccs  of  lighting, 
watching,  cleanlmg,  and  repairing 
the  faid  new  bridge,  when  the  fame 
fhall  be  exempted  from  the  intended 
toll  thereon,  the  petitioners  conceive 
that  a  reafonablc  quit-rent,  upon  the 
ground  to  be  taken  in  from  the  river, 
within  the  limits  aforefaid,  would 
fortai  a  proper  and  unexceptionable 
fund  for  that  purpofe ;  and  therefore 
praying  the  houfe  to  take  the  premifes 
into  coniideration,  and  that  leave  be 
given  to  bring  in  a  bill,  for  authori- 
iing  and  enabling  the  petitioners  to 
execute  the  feveral  great  works  and 
purpofes  aforefaid,  in  fuch  manner, 
and  under  fuch  dire^ion  and  limita- 
tions, as  to  the  houfe  (hall  feem  meet* 

After  reading  this  petition,  it  was 
immediately  ordered  to  be  referred  to 
the  confideration  of  a  committee,  an- 
thorized  to  examine  and  ftate  to  the 
houfe  the  matters  of  faft  it  contained ; 
and  this  committee  being  appointed 
accordingly,  were,  as  ufual,  impow- 
cred  to  fend  for  perfons,  papers,  and 
records. 

On  the  14th  of  March,  the  commif- 
fioners  for  paving,  watching,  and 
lighting  the  ftrcets  and  lanes  of  South- 
wark  prefented  a  petition,  in  which 
they  acknowledge  that  the  above  will 
be  of  great  ufe  and  advantage  to  the 
city  of  London  and  county  of  Middle- 
fcx  5  but  prefume,  that  the  works  car- 
ricd  on  by  them  in  the  town  and  bo- 
rough of  Southwark,  and  parts  adja- 
cent,  are  alfo  works  of  a  public  na- 
ture, equal  to  thofe  propofed  to  be 
done  bythe  city,  and  that  a  very  con- 
iiderable  proportion  of  the  above  du- 
ties is  paid  by  the  inhabitants,  there 
being  many  brewers,  glafs-makers, 
difHllers,  dyers,  founders,  and  others, 
-ufing  immenfe  quantities  of  coals  in 
their^  feveral  manufa^res  and  buf>- 
neffes  5  wherefore  the  petitioners  hum- 
bly prefume,  that  it  will  be  thought 
reafonable,  if  the  faid  duties  upon 
coals  be  farther  continued,  a  moderate 
proportion  of  the  money  to  be  raifed 
thereupon  fhould  be  applied  for  the 
furpofe    of  coi^pleting   the    public 


«55 

works,  of  paving  the  town  and  bo- 
rough  of  Southwark,  and  parts  adja- 
cent, and  therefore  praying  the  houfe 
to  take  the  premifes  into  confideration. 
and  to  do  therein  as  to  them  fhould 
feem  meet.  On  which  it  was  ordered, 
that  this  petition  (hould  be  referred 
to  the  coniideration  of  the  committee 
of  the  whole  houfe,  to  whom  the  pe- 
tition of  the  lord  mayor,  aldermen, 
and  commons  of  the  city  of  London, 
in  council  affembled,  was  referred. 

The  next  day  the  commiffioners  for 
paving,  clcanfmg,  and  lighting,  the  city 
and  liberty  of  Weftminfter,  prefented 
to  the  houfe  a  petition  to  the  fame 
purpofe,  which  was  alfo  referred  to  the 
fame  committee. 

On  the  1 6th  of  April,  Sir  Robert 
Ladbroke  reported  from  the  commit-, 
tee  of  the  whole  houfe,  to  confidcrof 
the  report  which  was  made  from  the 
committee  to  whom  the  petition  of 
the  lord  mayor,  aldermen,  and  com- 
mons of  the  city  of  London,  in  com- 
mon-council  aflembied,  was  referred, 
and  to  whom  itwaS  referred  to  conii- 
der  of  the  petitions  of  the  commiffi- 
oners for  paring,  watching,  and  light- 
ing the  borough  of  Southwark,  and 
the  city  and  liberty  of  Weftminfter, 
the,relolations  which  the  committee 
had  dire6bcd  him  to  report  to  the 
houfe;  which  hh  read  in  his  place, 
and  afterwards  delivered  in  at  the  ta- 
ble, where  they  were  again  read,  and 
agreed  to  by  the  houfe.  In  thefe  re- 
folutions  all  the  feveral  particulars  in 
the, above  petition  from  the  lord  may- 
or, aldermen,  and  commons  of  Lon- 
don, were  agreed  to,  and  at  the  fame 
time  it  was  alfo  refolved,  that  the  ci- 
ty ftiould  pay  Sool.  a  year  towards  the 
Weftminfter  pavement,  and  480 1.  a 
year  towards  that  of  the  borough. 
After  which  it  was  ordered,  that  a 
bill  fttould  be  prep>ared  and  brought  in 
upon  thofe  refolutions,  by  Sir  Robert 
Ladbroke,  Mr.  Paterfon,  Sir  Richard 
Glyn,  Mr.  Alderman  Backford,  Mr. 
Alderman  Harlcy,  Sir  Jofeph  Maw- 
bey,  Mr.  Thrale,  and  Mr.  Burrell. 
Accordingly,  on  the  4th  of  May',  Sir 
Robert  Ladbroke  prefented  the  bill  to 
the  houfe,  and  it  was  then  received 
and  read  for  the  firft  time,  and  on. 
the  8th  of  May  was  read  a  fecond 
time. 

On  the  13th  of  the  fame  month  the 
commiffioners  for  pavine^,  watching, 
and  lighting,  that  part  of  the  parifh  of 

Set 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


St.  Botolph,  Aldgatc,  which  lies  in 
the  county  of  Middlefex,    who   had 
been  appointed  on  an  aft  pafTed  whije 
this  bill  was  depending,  prefented  a 
petition  to  the  houfc,  in  which  they 
obfcrved,  that  as  they  paid  their  (hare 
of  the  duty  appropriated  by  the  bill, 
for  the  improvement  and  advantage  of 
the  cities  or  London  and  Weftmipfter, 
mnd  borough  of  Southwark»  and  were, 
in  every  refpeft,  in  the  fame  fituation 
as  the  inhabitants  of  the  city  of  Wefk- 
minfter  and  borough  of  Southwark, 
they  hoped  to  be  entitled  to  a  propor- 
tionable advantage,    arifing    from   a 
fund  to  which  they  contributed  in  an 
equal  degree  with  the  reft,  and  there- 
fore prayed  the  houfe,  that  a  provifion 
might  be  made  in  the  faid  bill,  for  ap- 
propriating ftich  a  fum  of  the  money 
to  arife  from  the  continuation  of  the 
faid  tax,    for    the   carrying  on  and 
amending  the  above  pavements,  as  to 
the  houfe  (hall  feem  juft  and  reafona- 
ble.    But  this  petition  was  ordered  to 
lie  upon  the  table. 

The  fame  day  a  petition  of  the  ru- 
lers, auditors,  and  afliftants  of  the 
company  of  watermen  and  ligbtermeuy 
on  behalf  of  themfelves  and  the  whole 
fraternity,  was  prefented  to  the  houie, 
againft  the  embankment  of  the  river 
Thames,  which  they  apprehended 
would  be  hi|^hly  injurious  to  the  trade 
and  navigation  of  the  faid  river,  and 

5[reatly  obftriaft  and  impede  the  paf- 
age  between  London  and  WeHmin- 
Her,  and  prove  detrimental  both  to 
the  public  in  general,  and  to  this  com- 
munity in  particular}  and  therefore 
lioped  the  houfe  wouM  take  the  c^fe  of 
the  petitioners  into  confideration,  and 
that  they  might  be  heard  by  their 
counfel  a^ainft  the  faid  bill.  Upon 
this  a  motion  was  made,  that  this  pe- 
tition (hould  be  referred  to  the  confi- 
guration of  the  above  committee,  and 
the  petitioners  to  be  heard  by  their 
counfel  i  but,  upon  putting  the  c^uefr 
tion,  it  juftly  pafled  in  the  negative  j 
nothing  being  more  abfurd  than  to 
fuppoie,  that  raiiin^  a  bank  in  the 
(hallow  parts  of  the  river  next  the 
ihore,  which  would  only  fomewhat 
contraft  its  bed,  and  render  it  deeper, 
would  prejudice  its  navigation.  But 
abfurd  as  this  muft  at  firft  fight  ap- 
pear, the  next  day  a  petition  from  the 
lightermen,  wharfingers,  owners  of 
craft,  and  Qthtr  dealers  in  coaU,    to 


«y      •»  ■«•  a***ft««w««&a 


j««f«wr 


the  fiimt  pixrpofe,  was  aUb  prefented 
to  the  houle  and  read|  but  it  was 
difiniifed,  or,  in  other  wordf^  ordered 
to  lie  upon  the  table.  After  this  the 
bill  met  with  no  more  oppofition»  fbr 
on  the  2  ift  it  paiTed  the  houfe }  whea 
Sir  Robert  Ladbroke  was  ordered  t» 
carry,  it  up  te  the  lords,  and  on  ike 
£9th  of  June  it  received  the  royal  alk 
fent. 

[To  bt  C9tainuid  in  our  uext,'\ 

From  Dr.  Prieflle/s  Effays  Medical  anil 
Experimental. 

THE  Dr.  after  relating  the  fucceis 
of  the  experimenuhe  made  to 
trace  the  differences,  and  afcertain  the 
proportion  the  aftriugency  and  bitter* 
ne(s  of  vegetables  reciprocally  bear 
to  each  other  {  former  experiments 
having  frequently  caufed  htm  to  ob-  f 
ferve  they  were  diftinA  and  feparate 
properties  i  and  by  the  laft  experiment 
finding  two  pieces  of  calf- (kin,  juft 
ftrip|>ed  from  the  calf,  immerfed  in 
cold  infufions  of  green  4ind  bohea  tea, 
at  the  expiration  of  a  week,  were 
hard  and  curled  up,  and  that  thare  '^ 
was  •  no  ienfible  difference  between 
them ;  |>roceeds  thus  i 

**  This  experiment  affords  a  ftrik- 
ing  proof,  of  the  difference  between 
the  a^lion  of  a  medkine  on  the  dead, 
and  on  the  livii\|;  fibre^  Tea,  when 
applied  to  the  former,  is  manifeflly 
aftringent  i  and  ^et  when  received  in- 
to the  ftomacb,  it  is  highly  debilitat- 
ing and  relaxanti  and  the  immode* 
rate  u(e  of  it  is  attended  with  the  moft 
pernicious  effedts.  It  is  corious  to  ob- 
ferve  the  revolution  which  hath  taken 
place,  within  this  century,  in  the  con- 
ftitutaons  of  the  inhabitants  of  Europe. 
Inflammatory  difeafes  more  rarely  do- 
cur,  and,  in  general,  are  much  lefs 
rapid  and  vident  in  their  progrefs, 
than  formerly.  Nor  do  they  admit 
,of  the  fam^  antiphlojpftic  method  of 
cure,  which  was  pra61ifed  with  fuccefs 
a  hundred  years  ago.  The  experi- 
enced Sydenham  makes  forty  ounces 
of  blood  the  mean  quantity  to  be 
drawn  in  the  acute  rheiunatifm} 
whereas  this  diAeafe,  as  it  now  appean 
in  the  London  Hofpitals,  will  not 
bear  above  half  that  evacuation* 
Vernal  Intermittenta  are  frequentlfr 
cured  by  a  vomit  and  the  bark,  witl^- 
out  vensefeAion  i  which  is  a  proof, 
that,  at  piefent,  they  are  nccompa- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


176S. 


lEMperUmnt  on.Tea^ 


liied  with  frtrtr  fyrtiptbmt  of  indaitfi- 
matiofly  th4n  tbey  wtat  wont  to  be. 
This  advantageoos^  change  however 
it  more  than  coimterbaia^ced,  by  the 
introdu^on  of  %  nimerou^  daft  of 
■erroat  ailmeott,  in  a  great  meafure 
unknown  to  our  anceftort >  but  which 
■ow  prevail  univeriaily,  and  are  com- 
plicated with  almoft  every  other  dif- 
temper*  The  bodies  of  men  are  en- 
feebled and  enervated,  and  it  is  not 
tincommon  to  obferve  very  high  de- 
grees of  irritability,  under  the  exter- 
nal aopearattce  of  great  ftren^  and 
roboftneii*  The  hypochondria,  pal- 
£es,  cachexies,  diiopfies,  and  all  thoTe 
difeafes  which:  ariCe  ft-om  laxity  and 
debility,  are»  in  our  days  endemic 
every  wiieref-andthehyfterict,  which 

-  uied  to  be  peculiar  to  the  women,  as 
'  the  name  itfelf  indicates,  now  attacks 
•  both  fe^es  indifcfiminarely.  It  u  evi- 
dent, that  tfb  great  a  revolution  could 
not  be  eflfeded,  without  the  concur- 
rence of  many  caules ;  but  amongft, 
fkefi*,  I  apprehend,  the  prefent  gene- 
ral ufe  of  tea  holds  the  nrft  and  prin- 
cipal rank.  The  fecond  pUce  may 
fKrhaps  be  allotted  to  exceis  in  fpi- 
rituous  liquors.  This  pernicious  cuf- 
tom,  in  many  inftancet  at  leaft,  owes 

-  its  ri(c  to  the  former,  which  by  the 
lownds  and  deprcfilon  of  fpirits  it  oc- 
cafioos,  renders  it  almoft  neceiTary  to 
iiave  recoude  to  what  is  cordial  and 

>  exhileraong.  And  hence  proceed  thoTe 
odious  and  disgraceful  babiu  of  in- 
temperance, with  which  too  n^any  of 
the  tofer  fex  of  every  degree,  are  now« 
alas  4  chargeabk. 

Prom  the  ft7th  and  19th  experi- 
ments it  appears,  that  green  and  bo- 
hea  tea  are  equally  bitter,  ftrtke  pre- 
cifety  the  fame  bfiack  tinge  with  green 
vhrid,  and  ui^  «iike  aftringent  on 
the  iinople  .fibres  Fcom  tlus  exad  Itmi- 
larity  in  lb  many  circumiUnces,  one 
Ihould  be  ltd  to  Asppofe*  that  there 
would  be  no  (enfibWdiveriity  in  their 
operation  on  the  iiving  body*  But 
the  fa^  is  otherwife.  Green  tea  is 
much  more  fedafiive  ^nd  relaxant  than 
bohea$  and  the  finer  the  fpecies  of 
tea,  the  more  debilitating  and  perni- 
cious are  its  efieds^  oa  I  have  fre- 
quently obicrvod  in.x>thera  and  expe- 


t97 

raenctd  in  mtyfeK.  Thrs  Teems  to  |>e 
a  proof,  that  the  mifchicfs  aicribcd  to 
this  oriental  vegetable,  do  not  arife 
from  the  warm  vehicle  by  which  it  is 
conveye4  into  tbeftomach,  but  chie^y 
from  its  own  peculiar  quaiilies  ^^ 
And  theCe  qualities  probably  ^ccp;|i- 
pany  the  highly  flavoured  parts  of|he 
leaves,  and  depend  upon  the  nicety 
a^  care  observed  in  the  coltedion 
and  preparation  of  thepi.  When  fre(h 
gathered,  they  are  faid  to  be  narco- 
.tic,  and  to  difofder  the  fenfesi  a^d 
the  Chinefe  csutioufljr  abilain  fr.m 
the  ufe  of  them,  till  they  have- been 
kept  for  twelve  months  f.  It  i$  re- 
markable that  only  one  fpecies  of  tl^e 
tea  plant  is  yet,  difcovcrcd,  and  that 
all  the  varieties  of  this  dietetic  article 
of  commerce  are  owiqg  ^thcr  to  t6c 
difference  of  climate,  or  to  the  divef- 
£ty  in  the  metKod  of  curing  it.  The 
fine  green  teas,  which  are  the  firft 
crop  of  the  llirub,  are  eatbered  with 
the  utmoft  caution  and  dried  with  the 
gentled  heat,  that  their  peri(hab!e  fla- 
vour may  be  prefcrvcd.  The  bohea 
teas  are  more  haitily  exOccated,  and 
even  (lightly  parcbe4  ^^er  the  fire, 
by  ^hich  they  acquire  that  brown  co- 
lour which  dilUngiiilhes  xhem.  And 
as  their  more  volatile  parts  arc  diip- 
patcd  by  this  management^  thty  be- 
come proporiionably  leis  injudoui  \o 
the  nervoi^s  fyftem. 

But  however  cosent  the  objefljons 
may  be,  againit  the  general  and  tgo 
frequent  ule  of  tea,  candour  obliges 
me  to  acknowledge,  that  it  is  capable 
of  being  applied  to  very  important, 
medicinal  purposes.  From  its  fedative 
power,  and  the  weakuefs  which  it  fud- 
dcnl/  induces,  it  might  be  adminiiler- 
ed  with  advantage  in  ardent  and  ip- 
flammatory  feveis,  in  order  to  abaje 
the  force,  and  IciTcn  tiic  inordinate  ac- 
tion of  the  vis  vit«c.  in  I'uch  cafes  ic 
(hould  be  given  either  in  fubilance  or 
in  llrong  infufion  \  and  befides  al- 
laying the  iroubleforoe  fenfations  of 
heat  and  third,  which  are  the  con- 
^ant  cuncomiiants  of  ihofc  difttm- 
pers,  it  would  probably  {ervc  as  a 
good  fubllituu  for  iome  of  the  ufaal 
evacuations.  Arid  thus  inftead  of 
producing    waichfulnefs,    which  is  a 


♦  Tke^  mfi^nmt  ntrvo  mufadcve  ramf  admotum^  'vins  motrues  mhiuit,  perdif, 
Smith  untamiH  inaug.  de  oR'iQne  mufcklari,  />.  46.  e.xp.  %$m 
f  Neumann's  Cbemijiry,  p,  376. 
Juae^  2761.  P  p  common 


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2^9 


Diss  E  ft  T  At  low 


common  efFeft  afcnbed  to  it  in  weak 

habits,  it  would  in  all  likelihood  prove 

the  fafeft  and  rooft   falutary  opiate. 

After  a  full  meal,  when  the  ftomach 

is  opprefTedf    the   head  pained^   and 

*  the  pulfe  beats  high,  tea^  is  a  great- 

'  ful  diluent,   and   agreeable  fedative. 

'  Aiid  as  ftudioos,    fedentary  men  are 

^  particularly  fubje6t  to  indigeftion  and 

'  the  head  acfa»    it  is  on  this  account 

juftly  ftiled  <<  the  poet*s  friend/* 

Extraa  fnm  Dr.  Smith's  Diflcrtation 
upon  the  Ncrvts,  &c. 

THE  learned  author  has  difcufTed 
his  fubjedi  with  much  ingenuity; 
though,  perhaps,  Tome  of  his  pofitions 
may  not  be  admitted*    He  inveftigates 
the  nature  of  man,   the   nature    of 
brutes  :  and  here  he  is  an  advocate 
for  an  immaterial  principle  in  them, 
equivalent  or  analogous  to  what  we 
call  underfianding  in  ourfelves  (See  p. 
1X2.)  with  a  language,  or  method  of 
communicating  their  knowledge,  ad- 
vice,  and  afliftance,  to  each  other  i 
nay  he  pronounces  their  fouls  immor- 
tal, from  fcripture,  evidence,    reafon, 
and  argument,   which  he  has,  with 
great  (hew  of  reafon,  endeavoured  to 
prove.    He  next  examines  the  nature, 
manner,  and  confequencestof  the  de- 
pen<^ce,   influence,   and  connexion 
tA  the  foul  and  body  ;  treats  of  man, 
(^nfidered   as    enjoying  a  vegetable, 
animal,  and  Tplritual  Iifej  and  after- 
wards proceeds  to  the  caufes  that  im- 
pede the  foul  in  the  exercife  of  its  facul- 
ties :  In  his  thoughts  on  the  fpiritual  life 
of  man,  he  has  advanced  fome  things 
that  we  apprehend  will  bear  a  dlfpute, 
in  which  the  do6lor  would  be  far  from 
invulnerable ;     nor,    indeed,    do   we 
ever  remember  a  phy ileal  writer  who 
did  not  handle  religious  fubjeds  in  a 
very  whimiical  and  peculiar  manner. 
His  third  I'cdtion  treats  of  the  fymp- 
toms  and  caufes  of  nervous  difeafes, 
and  as  this  is  the  pare  of  the  book  of 
raoft  general  ufc,  we  (hall  give  there- 
from the  following  cxtraft : 

**  xft. Thefirft  lymptoms  area  dull, 
heavy  uncafinc ft,  debility,  faintinefs,  a 
fenfe  of  great  emptinefs  about  the  fto- 
mach, a  yawning,  gaping,  ftrctching 
out  the  arms,  twitching  of  the  nerves, 
fneezing,  fometimes  drowfinefs  and  le- 
thargy, heaving  up  the  bread :  As 
tbfie  fymptomi  have  ItttU  pain,  but  n 


JUftC 

kind  of  wearift^s,  they  are  negleaesl. 
The  complexion  becomes  wan,  ipale» 
and  not  fo  lively,  the  eyes  appear  dull 
and  faded,    the  appetite  is  faint  and 
unequal,   returning  by  fits,    and    if 
meat  is  not  immediately  given,   the 
patient  is  like  to  faint  away,  and  the 
appetite  goes  off;  at  other  times  the 
bypochondres     are    fo   inflated   with 
wind,    that  the  patient  cannot  eat  i 
He  complakis  of^  heartburns,  belch- 
ings,   and  bilious  vomiting,   pain  ,ia 
the  pit  of  the  ftomach,  attended  fome- 
times  vrith  ffaortneit   of   breath,   or 
fymptomatic  afthma,  tickling  cott|;h» 
and  at  other  times  with  an  inflation 
or  vifible  (Welling  i    and  the  patient 
perceives  unufual  fmellf.    After  thefe 
iymptoma  have  continued  fome  time, 
the^  produce  lowneii  of  fpirits,  fainti* 
nels,  anxiety,   watching  and  reftief^ 
nefs)  fometimes  great  timidity,  a  drt« 
zinefs  of  the  head,  inveterate  pains  ia 
particular  parts,  ahout  the   fise  of  a 
,  crown,  iharp  and  acute  pains  in  the 
temples,  and  oth^  parts  of  the  headi 
£>netimea  there  is  a  tingling  noife  or 
hifling  (bund,  a  thumping,  or  beating 
in  the  iniide  of  the  head  ;  the  tempo- 
ral arteries,  at  times,  beat  fo  ftrongly» 
in  the  night  narticulariy,  as  to  occa- 
flon  fo  confiderable  rubbing  or  fric* 
tion  againft  the  bed-cloatbs,  as  to  be 
heard  by  a  b^ftander.    The  patient 
perceives  a  fainttnels   to  feize  hini, 
which  is  fucceeded  with  motes,  cloudf» 
andmifts,  floating  badcward  and  for^ 
ward,    in  the  atmofphere  before  hit^ 
I  eyes;    a  coldnefs  and  chillne(ji  fieize 
the  extremities;    a  burning  in  hands 
and    feet;    fluflxing,   efpecially    after 
meat ;    cold    damp   fweats,    fainting, 
and  (icknefs,  which  is  removed-  by  a 
lax  ftool.    The  patient  is  ^tsy  irregu- 
lar in  going  te  ftool,  fometimes  he  if 
too  coftive,    at  other  timet  lax;  the 
ftools  are  of  various  colours,  fometimet 
of  a  mucous,  jelly-like  fubftance,.  at 
other  times  black,  dark  brown,  green 
arid  yellow;    fudden  flnfhes  of  heat, 
efpecially  in  the  night  over  all  the  bo- 
dy ;    fliiverings,  a  ftn(e  of  cold,    in 
certain    parts,     efpecially   down   the 
back,  as  if  water  was  poured  on  the 
body ;     at  other  times,    an  unufual 
glow  of  heat  \  tDOublefbme  pains  be- 
tween the  flioulders  ;   pains  attended 
with  hot  fenfatiesis ;  oramps,  and  con- 
vulfive  motions  of  the  mufclesi  or  a 

few 


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tjSt: 


t/pOM    THB    NKRVESrf 


^€w  of  their  fibres ;  fudden  ftarting  of 
the  tendons  of  the  legs  and  arms; 
large  and  frequent  difcharges  of  pale 
and  limped  urine.  ,  Some  have  all 
thefe  fyraptoms,  others  have  but  fome 
of  them  ;  but  a  ptyalifm,  or  difcharge 
of  phlegm  from  the  glands  of  the 
throat,  generally  attends  all  the  fyrap- 
toms. In  the  iirft  period  you  may  ob- 
ferve  one  good  day,  and  another  bad  ; 
and  alfo  monthly  periods  ;  fiut  thefe 
periods  or  crifis  are  very  uncertain  and 
irregular,  as  I  oblerved  before.  The 
weather  too,  has  a  furprizing  effeft  up- 
on nervous  people.  When  thefe  fymp- 
toms  have  continued  fometime,  they 
fo  relax  the  fibres  of  the  folids,  that 
the  digeftion  is  very  imperfe6lly  and 
flowly  performed,  confequently  wind, 
crudities.  Sec,  are  bred  in  the  prima- 
n/utf  which  produce  many  more  and 
difmal  fy mptoms,  as : 

adiy,  Frequent  rifts,  belchings,  hic- 
cups, ftrange  grumbling,  croaking, 
and  murmuring  in  the  bowels  ;  trou- 
blefbme  heartburns,  four  and  very 
acrid  belchings,  and  fqueamlflinefs  \ 
vomitings  of  watery  Huff,  tough 
phlegm,  corrupted  bile,  a  vifible  fwel- 
ling  and  inflation  of  the  ftomach,  e- 
fpecially  after  eating;  weaknefs  and 
trembling  of  the  limbs;  wandering 
pains,  iuddenly  ftarting  from  one 
place  to  another ;  wandering  pains  in 
the  ftdcs,  back,  knees,  ancles,  arms, 
wriits,  not  unlike  rheumatic  pains ; 
cold  fliivcrings  running  down  the 
Jback  bone,  often  after  making  water, 
like  the  cold  fits  of  an  ague  ;  fome- 
times  there  is  a  heat  in  one  part  of 
the  body,  then  in  another  ;  the  head 
is  generally  hot,  even  while  the  rclt  of 
the  body  is  cold  and  chilly  ;  the  hypo- 
chondres,  but  moft  frequently  the 
Tight  one  is  fwelled.  Now  the  patient 
Las  vertjgos,  long  faintings,  the 
flighted  motion  raifes  pains  in  the 
head,  which  often  return  periodically; 
alfo  moift,  cold,  clammy  fweat,  great- 
eft  commonly  about  the  temples  and 
forehead,  obftinate  watchings,  difturb- 
ed  flcep,  frightful  dreams,  and  fome- 
times  a  drowfinefs  and  too  great  an  in- 
clination to  lleep,  the  night  mare ; 
often  ftarting  when  awake,  terribly  af- 
frighted with  horrors :  Any  fudden 
furprife  greatly  afFedh  and  often 
throws  the  patient  into  fits  and  faint- 
in^Sy  tremors  or  palpitation   of   the 


299 

heart  |  the  pulfe  vtrj  variable  and  ir* 
regular;  a  fenfe  of  fuffocation,  fre- 
quent fighings,  couvul£ve  twitchings 
of  the  iDufcles,  tendons,  and  nerves 
of  the  back,  loins,  arms,  hands,  and 
a  general  convulfion  afFe6ling,  at  once, 
the  ftomach,  bowels,  throat,  legs» 
arms,  and  indeed  almoft  the  whole 
body,  in  which  the  patien^  ftrugglef 
as  in  a  violent  epileptic  fit.  The  pa* 
tient  fometimes  falls  into  a  catalipJU 
and  iitanus^  and  dnkt  gradually  into 
a  nervous  atrophy :  Has  generally  a 
quick  apprehendon,  forgetful,  anfet« 
tied,  and  conftant  to  nothing  but  in- 
conftancjT,  jealous  \  has  wandering 
and  delirious  imaginations,  ridiculous 
fancies,  groundlefs  and  impertinent 
fears,  often  complaining  of  hit  fuf- 
ferings  and  calamities,  no  perfon  fuf- 
fering  equal  to  him  \  he  fuppofet  him- 
felf  a  dying,  when  perhaps  there  if 
no  great  danger,  while  a  perfon  under 
another  difeafe,  as  a  confumption,  is 
hardly  perfuaded  there  it  danger, 
when  he  is  really  dying  ;  fometimes  he 
is  chearful,  gay,  and  agreeable ;  bvand 
by  peevifti,  heavy  and  gloomy ;  /ome- 
timet  it  is  impoflible  for  him  to  keep 
from  crving  and  weeping,  with  great 
extremn  of  erief  and  anguifti ;  and 
thefe  fudden  ntt  of  convulfive  cryinjr 
return  without  the  will  or  confiint  of 
the  patient ;  at  other  timet  he  fails  in* 
to  immoderate  fitt  of  laughing  and 
joy,  which  it  as  involuntary  as  the 
other ;  fometimes  he  lovet  a  perfon  to 
defpair,  anon  hates  him  to  at  great 
exceft  J  prefcntly  wills  a  thing,  by 
and  by  is  entirely  againft  it.  It  thele 
f)' mptoms  are  n«t  foon  cured,  they 
loon  terminate  in  hyfteric  fits,  epi- 
lepfy,  hyp,  pal  fy,  inadnefs,  apo* 
plexy,  or  in  fome  mortal  difeafe;  as 
the  black  jaundice,  dropfy,  confump* 
tion,  &c.'* 

The  do£lor  then  enters  into  the 
caufes  of  thefe  fymptoms,  and  treats 
of  the  core  of  nerrous  dife^fes ;  the 
certainty  of  which  he  acknowledges 
depends  upon  the  certainty  of  the  the^ 
ory  \  but  the  certainty  of  tITb  theory 
depends  upon  intuition • 

"  Firft  then  we  arc  exactly  to  regu- 
late the  ufeof  the  non-naturals;  for  in 
vain  do  we  prcfcribe  medicines,  if  the 
patient  is  not  diref^ed  and  willing  to 
obferve  certain  regulations,  in  relation 
to  air 9  diet^  and  ixerdfi*    W«  ftioultj 

P  p  a  chuO^ 


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^06 


Cure  of  Mtrl)6us  Difeafe$* 


Jun* 


chufe  a  free  open  air,  not  encumbered 
with  hills  or  woods ;  a  cool  and  dry 
air  brace  and  invigorate  the  whole  bo- 
dy ;  and  hot,  conHfied,  and  damp  air, 
weakcnt  and  relaxes  the  habit.  When 
the  ftomach  and  bdWeU  are  weak,  they 
ihould  be  well  guarded  againft  cold 
ind  damps,  efpeciatly  in  venter ;  and 
there  it  no  drefs  better  and  more  ne- 
ceffary  to  keep  up  a  due  perfpiration, 
than  flannels  worn  nfext  the  fkin.' 

Conftant  excrcife,  every  day  that 
allows  of  it,  cither  in  walking,  or  o« 
horfeback,  or  iii  an  open  chaife,  is  of 
vaft  fervice;  it  (hould  be  as  much 
ias  the  ftrength  will  admit,  with- 
out weaknefs,  fatigue,  or  hurry  5  ne- 
ver weary  yoiirfelf,  nor  raife  a  fweat  { 
go  no  further,  than  you  can  return 
with  as  much  (birit  as  you  went  out. 
Exercife  ftrengthens  the  whole  nervous 
fyftcm  ;  affifts  digeftion,  (but  retards 
it  after  a  full  mealj  therefore  after 
dinner  fit  a  while)  fanguiflcation,  and 
the  diftribution  and  fecretion  of  all  the 
unimal  fluids.  By  mufcular  motion, 
the  blood  and  juices  are  kept  in  a  due 
Itatc  of  fluidity }  their  vifcidity  is  bro- 
ken and  diflblvcd,  and  all  obftru6tiont 
either  prevented  or  removed*  The 
flelh  brulh  is  an  excclleilt  thing  for 
Itrengthcning  the  folids  j  as  friSion, 
either  with  the  flefti  brufti,  flannel,  or 
toarfe  linen  cloth*  ftrcngthens  the 
body,  promotes  the  circulation,  and  is 
particularly  ufeful  in  weak  bowels. 

People  of  weak  nerves  are  gene- 
rally quick  thinkers,  from  the  delicacy 
of  their  fcnfitive  organs,  which  arc 
therefore  more  liable  to  be  fatigued 
imd  relaxed  with  exercife,  than  thofe 
of  a  coarfer  make ;  whence  we  fee  the 
Jiceeflity  of  keeping  the  mind  eafy, 
Iquiet,  and  chearf0l  5  fince  nothing 
Jiurts  nervoUs^  people  more  than  fear, 
grief,  and  anxiety,  yfe  therefore 
a&rt-eeable  amufen\ents,  and  a  little 
Jflight,  entertaining  and  diverting 
reading,  that  requires  no  thought} 
for  all  ftudy  is  penicious  and  hurtful. 
Converfation  (hould  be  agreeable, 
trifling,  and  eafy,  without  difpuie  or 
contradj^ion  }  amufements  be  inno- 
cent, various,  and  not  expend ve| 
ptjierwife,  upon  reficftion  the  money 
taid  out  would  do  more  hurt,  ihan 
the  amufements  could  i-ecom pence. 
In  ^  w6rd.  all  ^houcht  and  care  muft 


give  place,  for  t  while,  to  a  way  of 
life,  which  Bath  gives  a  pattern  of. 

I  cannot  but  highly  approve  of  st 
pra6tice  there,  of  having  mufic,  while 
the  patients  drink  tbe  water  ;  which 
has  a  very  great  and  good  cffeft  upoti 
the  motion  of  the  finer  artimal  fibres, 
Mufic  has  been  allowed,  in  all  age« 
of  the  world,  to  have  a  noble  powei^ 
in  raiflng  the  dejed^d  ideas  of  the 
foul.  Thofe  that  have  the  moft  deli* 
cate  conftitutions,  are  moft  fenfibl^ 
of  its  good  efl^c6ls :  it  opens  the  ob* 
ftru6tions  of  the  fineft  veflels ;  afluagel 
the  paflHons,  and  at  the  fame  tim^ 
communicates  a  pleafure  to  the  fouK 
and  makes  its  ideas  chearful,  gay,  and 
lively  J  by  the  ofcillatory  motion  ot 
the  air,  vibrating  againft  the  timpa*- 
num  of  the  ear,  tncre  is  foch  an  im- 
pulfive  motion  give  to  the  fineft  fibre* 
of  the  brain. (upon  which  the  foul 
more  immediately  dif)>lays  its  facul- 
ties) as  to  enable  them  to  bring  rcgu* 
lar  impulfes  to  the  fenforium. 

But  though  mufic  reftores  the  toil6 
of  the  fineft  fibres  of  the  brain  \  yet 
the  inferior  organs  demand  coarfer 
treatment,  to  reftore  them  to  the 
ftandard  of  health. 

We  muft  abridge  the  quantity  anJ 
quality  of  our  food,  which  ought  tQ 
be  nourifiiing,  eafy  of  digeftion  and 
fuited  to  the  ftomach  of  tne  patient. 
Fat  meats,  and  heavy  fauces,  at^ 
hurtful ;  and  all  excefs  is  to  be  avoitt- 
cd.  The  patient  ought  never  tb  e^ 
more  than  the  ftomach  can  eafil)r  dit. 

feft :  eat  therefore  little  at  a  timtji 
ut  often  of  innocent,  plain,  and  fim- 
ple  meat  j  for  every  time  the  ftomach 
IS  over-loaded,  the  ftrength  is  iin> 
paired,  and  its  nerved  are  diforder« 
cd. 

Above  all  thinw. 'Ilfeary  Aijjperl 
ought  to  be  avoided  5  fince  the  fto- 
mach is  much  more  apt  to  be  opprcrf- 
ed  with  the  fame  quantity  of  fbod,  ih. 
an  horizontal  pofitioh,  than  In  an  ereft 
pofture  5  and  fince  the  digeftion  goc% 
on  flower  in  time  of  ileep  than  whc^ 
awake,  as  the  veflels  are  tlien  mucH 
relaxed. 

It  is  a  great  blefllne,  th^t  loathin|f 
and  inappetency,  in  tome  degree,  at-. 
tend  all  difbrders ;  Which  prevent  ma- 
ny  peqple  frOm  infairibly  and  quickly 
ruining  thcmfelves  without  refource. 


\  word,  all  poucht  ana  care  muj     ruining  tncmlelves  without  reiourcc, 
liWiTatidc;  >uia  JratioDaUty  t^i^    Tl»P^«  y^P  t»1^  •»*y  a  ^^  ttati fieftt 

^  ^  fyinj>toi»f 


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'  tomSf  and  are  but  in  th«  drtt  ftage  of 
oerrous  difcafef,  (hould  li^  with  a 
due  degree  of  temperance  fuited  to 
their  conftitution  ;  and  abate  a  little 
of  the  quantity  of  their  food,  while 
they  are  mo tt  immediately  under  the 

Srmptomt.  Indeed,  if  the  diforder  it 
eep,  and  hath  continued  fo  long  ai 
to  produce  more  violent  fymptoms, 
then  there  it  a  necefllty  to  be  ftill  more 
careful. 

Drink  fniall  beer,  foft  fine  ale,  or 
wine  and  water  $  but  never  ufe  water 
alone.  Wine  in  exceft  enfeebles  the 
body,  and  impairs  the  faculties  of  the 
foul  I  but  a  few  KlalTes  of  wine  in  time 
•f  eating,  afiift  digeftion.  A  glafs  of 
wine,  before  dinner,  on  an  empty  do- 
mach,  and  when  one  is  languid,  fee« 
ble,  or  faint  is  of  great  fervice.  Wine, 
in  general,  is  preferable  to  malt  li- 
quor }  the  beft  wine  is  rhenifh,  moun- 
tain, or  fmall  French  wine.  When 
the  ftomach  and  bowels  are  troubled 
with  acidity,  water  mixed  with  rum 
or  brandy,  is  preferable  to  wine,  «r 
malt  liquor,  That  too  common 
drink  tia,  is  very  hurtful,  both  to 
the  ftomach  and  nerves,  efpecially  if 
.  drank  hot,  with  little  bread :  I  would 
therefore  recommend,  not  to  the 
d^fufe,  but  the  more  moderate  ufe  of 
tid:  It  were  well,  if  fomething  elfe 
was  joined  with  it  in  the  morning/* 

We  can  only  afford  room  for  thcfe 
preliminaries  to  the  cure ;  but  would 
recommend  the  nervous  patient  to 
the  book  itfelf  for  the  do6lor*s  medi- 
cines, and  form  of  admin iftration. 
Which  we  imagine  are  juftified,  with 
%  few  exceptions,  by  general  pra^ife. 
The  Do6lor  next  treats  of  a  nervous 
fever;  its  caufes  and  cure  j  of  convuU 
0ons,  fpafms',  nervous  and  hyfteric  fits 
irr'xth  ^eir  <tur« ;  of  an  epilepfy  $  of 
the  palfy,  and  St.  Vitus*s  dance,  an 
lipoplexy,  ftc.  &c.  all  which  we  re- 
f:ommend  to  the  perufal  of  the  curioul 
reader  i  bnt  if  he  is  an  hypochondriac, 
we  would  advife  him  neither  to  read 
thi^  nor  any  physical  book  of  the  fame 
tendency. 


yp  tbt 


A  NECEisARY  Caution^ 


got 


AUTHOR  of  ib$  LONDOM     a 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,  Leigh,  April  iS,  i768« 

A  MONO  the  many  caufes  of  the 

/\,  gteat  mortality  of  babes  I   fent 

joii  in  my  laft  ^v^count^  \\x%tt  i|  ai^Q- 


ther,  a  (ecret  one,  bnt  little  thou^ 
of)  That  is,  the  cruel  ftifling  them  ia 
their  dark  prifon,  and  not  fufferinj^ 
them  once  to  fee  the  light. 

It  is  therefore  greatly  to  be  regret- 
ted, that  the  prevention  of  this  crying 
mifchief  ihould  be  fo  much  difregard- 
ed  in  all  places  $  for  the  pregnant  wo* 
men  are  in  all  parts  buried  with  their 
fhiir,  which  frequently  are  alive^ 
without  the  leaft  remorfe,  or  fcruple 
of  confbience. 

Reafon  and  example  prove  that  the 
fcttut  in  uttro  has  Its  own  diftin£l^  life; 
and  experience  teaches,  that  although 
the  mother  be  dead,  the  child  majr 
frequently  live  ieveral  hours  in  the 
wombs  The  extraction  and  preferva- 
tion,  of  children  by  the  Cs(arian  ope- 
ration, timely  performed,  after  the 
deceafe  of  the  mother,  proves  the 
fame. 

If  the  fatus  indeed  remains  alonr 
time  in  utero,  of  the  dead  mother,  it 
mud  needs  at  length  die :  but  if  not 
buried  alive,  which  is  a  fhocking  re- 
flexion, the  lofs  of  its  life  may  be  of- 
ten imputed  to  the  bad  negleft  of 
opening  the  mother. 

Harvey,  de  generattone  ammalium,  I 
think/  tells  us  of  a  child  taken  out  of 
the  fecundines  alive,  (which  a  wench 
had  brought  forth  entire,  and  con- 
cealed in  the  cold)  feveral  hours  after 
birth. 

And  if  proftitu^es  are  punifhed» 
as  an  example  to  others,  who  deftroy 
the  fruit  of  their  body,  born  at  a  pro- 
per time,  by  neglefting  the  ligature 
of  the  umbilical  chord  (though  that 
does  not  always  prove  fatal)  or  other 
necefTary  care,  by  which  negle6l  the 
infant  periihes,  it  furely  appears  that 
great  care  ought  to  be  taken  that  fuch 
an  impious  negle6^,  as  now  complained 
of,  fhould  be  provided  again  ft,  as  the 
extraction  of  fuch  children  from  the 
womb  may  esUly  be  performed,  and 
the  infant  thereby  be  happily  fnatched 
out  of  the  jaws  of  death. 

Some  time  ago  I  was  hailily  called 
at  ten  at  night,  to  a  patient  who  died 
before  morning  of  a  ilrangulation  front 
fudden  fore  throat,    big  with  child. 


and  near  her  time,  I  could  certainly 
\zv'e  faved  the  child,  only  as  her  huf- 
band  had  left  her  the  noon  before,  for 
London,  when  (he  was  feeroingly  well, 
)  ^01)14  no^  i^nfyv^r  to  op^n  her  with- 
out 


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Seats  of  the  NoBiLitT 


lot 

out  leave;  forry  enough  I  was  that 
my  bands  were  fo  tied»  when  I  had  it 
in  my  power  eafiiy  to  fave  one  life. 

This  I  am  Aire  of^  that  many  an  in-. 
Decent  might  be  preferved,  not  only 
where  the  mother  died  of  a  hard  la- 
bour, but  even  where  no  labour  was 
in  the  cafe,  )>ut  the  mother  died  ac- 
cidentally, or  by  fome  difeafe,  within 
a  month  or  two  of  ber  full  time  of 
nine  months  t  Of  what  ufe  and  fatis- 
fa^tion  fuch  a  prefervation  of  an  heir 
to  a  great  houle  would  prove,  need  not 
be  mentioned  :  Inftance  King  Edward 
the  Sixth  *,  and  feveral  others. 

This  faiutary  pra6tic»  was  even 
commanded  in  an  old  ftatute  in  the 
Corpus  Jurist  in  thefe  very  words, 
**  The  royal  law  faith,  that  no  wo- 
man (Iiall  be  byried  who  dies  preg- 
nant, before  (he  has  been  opened,  and 
the  fruit  extradted  :  Whoever  ads 
contrary  to  this  order  is  guilty  of  the 
nnurder  of  the  child,  which  perhaps 
ftill  lived/' 


Jun* 


This  edi6l  is  faid  to  derive  its  ori- 

fine  from  the  heathen  king,  Numa 
^  ompilius,  the  fecond  of  Rome,  and 
is  a  very  wife  and  juft  law,  and  worthy, 
of  any  chriftian. 

Wherefore  I  intreat  all  potentatet^ 
and  all  proficients  in  phyfic,  to  take 
this  affair  into  ferious  confideration » 
and  as  much  as  in  them  iie»  prevent 
this  cruel  deftru£lion  of  fo  many  in- 
nocent  babes« 

No  difcreet  wife,  if  (he  knew  of  it 
before- hand,  could  well  be  againft  the 
operation,  if  ihe  had  any  regard  for 
her  hufband,  or  duly  confidered  her 
duty  to  her  innocent  infant  \  and  if 
not  let  into  the  fecret  at  all,  in  fom» 
cafes,  perhaps  it  misht  be  as  well. 

The  divine  law  fays,  <<  Thou  (halt 
not  kill,'*,  may  not  therefore  the  judg- 
ment  oif  an  ancient  father  of  the 
church  be  properly  applied  here  : 

^uem  non/erva/i,  dum  poiuifti^  illmm 
9ccidifti, 

Your's,  J.  Cook. 


Am  Anfcwer  to  Mr,  SaunderfonV  SlueJHan  in  the  Magazine /or  July,  1767,/.  J59, 

IN  this  problem,  the  line  HI  will 
be  as  (hort  as  poflTiblej  when 
EHI  is  an  ifofcclcs  triangle  (per 
Simp.  Geom.  p.  199.  fecond  edi- 
tion) therefore  produce  the  fides, 
BA  and  CD  ^o  E,  and  make  BEK 
ifofceles,  then  draw  BD  and  AF 
parallel  to  it,  blfeft  FC  in  G,  and 
between  EG  and  EK,  take  EH  a  mean  proportional,  draw  HI  parallel  to  BK 
and  it  will  divide  the  trapezium  ABCD  as  was  required. 

Demonftration.  By  conftruaion  EG  ;  EH  :  j  EH  :  EK  :  :*  EI  :  EB,  there, 
fore  the  triangles  EGB  and  EHI  are  equal  (by  Eu.  15.  6.)  if  ADE  coromoa 
to  both  be  taken  away  ADGB  will  be  equal  to  ADHI  j  and  if  ADGB  and 
ADHI  be  each  taken  from  the  trapezium  ABCD,  the  remainders  BCG  and 
BICH  will  be  equal. 

The  triangles  ABD  and  BDF  ftanding  upon  the  fame  bafe,  and  between  the 
iame  parallels  are  equal  5  whence  the  trapezium  ABCD  equal  to  the  trianglf 
BCF,  half  of  which  triangle  is  BCG,  and  equal  to  BICH»  as  proved  before. 

Note.  As  the  length  of  no  particular  line  was  required  (though  dimenfioni 
iven)  therefore  I  have  only  fent  a  geometrical  conflrudlion  with  a  de« 


were  g 
mondration. 


Edward  Reed^ 


TO  clofe  our  ex  trad  s  from  the 
Six  Weeks  tour i  &c.  we  (hall  give 
the  following : 

**  The  houfes  which  particularly  me- 
rit a  comparifon,  areHolkam,  Hough- 
ton, Blenheim,  Wilton,  and  Wan- 
ftead. 

In  point  of  the  beauty  of  architec- 
ture, Holkam  and  Wanftead  rank  firfti 
\s\jx  which  of  thefe  have  preference,  is 


a  queflion,  which  by  many  would  be 
varioufly  determined.  In  m](  ooinion^ 
Holkam  is  the  mofl  beautiful  \  for 
notwithflanding  the  front  of  Wanflead 
is  ahfolutely  uniform,  and  commanded 
at  one  ftroke  of  the  eye,  advantages 
Holkam  does  not  poflcfs,  in  contift- 
in^  of  parts,  which,  though  uniform 
with  each  other,  form  not  one  fimnle 
whole;  yet  there  is  fuch  a  li^ht  ele- 

'    ganc« 
f  thf  lift  b{/hriaMS  fajf  tbicffnirarj. 


[^     m. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tj68.  CO  MP 

^ance  in  the  pile ;  fiich  an  airmefs, 
that  one  would  fwear  it  moved  $  I  can- 
not therefore  but  prefer  it.  Wilton 
is  fo  very  irregular,  that  Qne  cannot 
^eak  of  its  arcbiteflure  in  a  general 
Itilej  but  Inigo  Joneses  part  is  verv 
fine.  Houghton  is  a  magnificent  edf- 
fice,  but  it  is  heavy  j  not,  however, 
to  come  within  a  thoufand  degrees  of 
^enbeim  j  which  is  a  quarry,  and  yet 


A  R  B  D.  '  30^ 

confiftt  of  fuch  innumerable  and  tri- 
fling parts,  that  one  would  think  them 
the  fragments  of  a  rock  jumbled  to- 
.^ethcr  by  an  earthquake. 

As  to  their  fize,  I  am  'ignorant 
which  is  tlie  larged  houfe :  However 
the  following  (ketch  will  difplay  it,  at 
leaft  in  the  proportion  to  what  is 
fhewn ;  which  I  take  generally  to  a« 
mount  to  all  that  is  worth  feeing. 


Rooms. 

.  Holkam. 

Houghton. 

Blenbeim. 

Wilton. 

Wanjteai. 

L.     B. 

L.    B. 

L. 

B. 

L.    B. 

L.    B. 

HaU^ 

tt4»    48 

Uo    40 

tS3 

44 

50    28 

53     4S 

Saloon, 

4.2     27 

^40     39 

•44 

33 

f§6o     30 

30     30 

Drawing- 

room, 

33     " 

30    21 

28 

28 

•t30    30 

27     27 

Ditto, 

33     2» 

30      21 

/35 
35 

»S 

30     25 

Ditto, 

»5 

tl40     »7 

Ditto, 

»5 

*i 

27     27 

Dining- 

room, 

2S      28 

30      21 

••. 

45     »i 

27     27 

Ditto, 

U30      *« 

25     25 

Ditto, 

40     27 

Ditto, 

40    35 

Breakfaft- 

room. 

«4 

24 

'^ 

30    25 

Library, 

50    «x 

2I|    22i 

i8q 

43 

Statue-gal- 

lery. 

2X4      22 

Bail- room. 

75    »r 

Bed. Cham- 

30      22 

21I    22I 
2X2    22! 
22i    18 

30     25 

24    20 

Ditto, 

24      M 

25       2» 

Ditto, 

21       21 

27       %% 

Ditto, 

21       21 

18       1^ 

»7    a» 

Ditto, 

21      21 

Ditto, 

21       21 

Drcffing- 

^ 

room. 

•24      22 

22J  x6} 

24 

a4 

*S    25 

27    23- 

Ditto, 

28       24 

t22i    21 

26    i%l 

Ditto, 

22       21 

Ditto, 

22       21 

Ditto, 

22       21 

Ditto, 

22       21 

Anti-cha. 

21       21 

Ditto, 

21       21 

Ditto, 

21       21 

Hunting- 

room, 

25    25 

Totals 

749  5«« 

350  295 

448  2 

7« 

265  X84 

600  476 

124o 

64s 

7M 

} 

449 

X076 

XX  48  High.  X  40  I)'ttto.  t  fio  -D/V/<?,  §  40  Ditto.  •  4e  /)///^. 

+J  30  D///0.  •f  30  Ditto.  tt  Called^  improperly^  the  antichamber* 

••  Notften.        f  4.  Cfl/W  /A^  «^r^//f  parlour,  •  Ca//^^  //5^  landfcape-room. 

•f  Cfl^if^  /i&^  cabinet. 

X  *tbere  appears  a  deficiency  of  drejlfing-rooms  at  Wanflead  5  but  it  Jhould  he  rement" 
hered^  thire  are  fowr  druviing-roomi  and  four  dining-rooms  ^  fome  of  thtm  adjoining 
tkt  M' chambers t 

Blenheim 


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304  -^»»-^> 

Blenheim  hall  and  library,  Wiltoti 
laloon,  and  Holkam  ftatue  gallery, 
are  the  fined  rooms  in  thefe  houfes. 

In  refpe^l  of  complete  ajpartmentt-} 
of  bed-chambers  and  drefhng- rooms, 
Holkam  and  Wanftead,  (bme  woald 
think,  nearly  on  a  par,  the  latter 
four,  the  former  ^i  but  the  latter 
are  much  the  beft  rooms.  I  include 
four  rooms  at  Wanftead,  which  in 
the  table  are  called  either  dijiing  or 
drawing-rooms  $  the  advantage,  bow* 
ever,  is  on-  the  fide  of  Holkam. 

A  ball-room  is  found  atWanftead 
alone. 

Holkam  chapel  (not  mentioned  ia 
the  table)  is  preferable  to  that  at 
Blenheim. 

As  to  the  deficiencies  of  thc(^ 
lioufes,  they  appear  at  one  vitw  in  the 
table. ,  But  I  muft  remark  in  general, 
that  no  houfe  I  have  yet  feen  is  perfed 
by  many  degrees.  Suppofe  one  was  to 
be  formed  out  of  all  thefe  $  take  the 
Iheli  of  Holkam,  and  imagine  it  to 
contain  Blenheim  hall  and  library, 
Wilton  faloon,  Wanflead  ball-room 
and  large  dining-room  ;  befides  every 
thing  it  has  already,  it  would  be  in- 
finitely finer  than  it  is  $  but  ilill  it 
would  want  a  mufic-room  and  a  pic- 
ture gallery.  The  laft  is  an  infinite 
addition  to  a  great  houfe,  but  the  for* 
mer  is  indifpenfible :  I  cannot  allow 
any  to  be  nearly  complete  without  one* 
Of  all  luxuries,  none  is  more  elegant 
than  this  charming  art  $  pictures  and 
ftatues  ma^  be  difpofed  in  any  room ;' 
but  mufic  in  perfe^on  muft  have  one 
appropriated  to  it— >nor  can  any  furni- 
ture be  more  magnificent,  than  what 
ought  to  adorn  fuch  a  room.  An  ori- 
gan is  one  ftriking  article. 

Upon  the  whole,  Holkam  is  not  on- 
ly the  largeft,  but  undoubtedly  the 
bed  houfe. 

Memorandum.  I  never  went  any 
journey,  without  finding  the  want  of 
a  knowledge  of  the  inns  before  I  fct 
out.  The  following  (light  mention  of 
thofe  I  flopt  at,  may  be  of  fome  ufe  to 
others  who  travel  the  fame  road. 

Helium*  Leicefter-Arms.  Clean,  ci- 
vil, and  reafonable. 

Fakenbam.    Kcjd-Lion.     Good. 
^  Lynn,    Duke*s-Head.  Exceeding  ci- 
vil and  rea(bnable. 

Stoak,     Crown.     Ditto. 

Ibetford.    Bell.    Good, 


Char  alters  of 

Angel. 


June 
Very  civil  and  rea- 


Bufj. 
ibnable. 

HadUigb,    George.    Ditto. 

Sudbury,     Crown.     Ditto. 

CaftU'Hedingbam.  Bell.  Clean  and 
feafonable. 

Brmntree,  Horn.  Very  clean  and  civil. 

Cbelmsftrd.    Black-Boy.    Clean  b«t 
.  dear. 

Ttlbury.  King's-Head.  Very  civil 
and  very  realonable. 

Barmt.  Red-Lion.  Good  and  rea- 
fonable. 

^  Wycemb,  Antelope.  Exceeding  gbod, 
civil,  and  not  un reafonable. 

Tetsjord.     Swan.     Good. 

Oxfrrd*    Angel.    Ditto. 

Woodjiock.  Bear,  Ditto,  and  very 
reafonable. 

Nortb-Leacb.  King's-Head.  Very 
bad  and  very  dear. 

Gloucefiir,  King^s-Head.  Very  good» 
civil,  and  reafonable. 

Ncwnbmm.  Ifhe  Paflage- Houfe.  Ve- 
ry bad  and  dear. 

Cbipfio'w,  Three-Cranes.  Good,  ci- 
vil, and  reafonable. 

Ne^ivport.    Weftgate^Hpufe.    Ditto* 

CarMff.    White.  Lion.    Bad. 

Ditto,    Angel.    Worfe. 

Owbrtdge,  Bear.  Middling  j  but 
rtry  civil  and  reafonable. 

BriJioL  White^Lio9.  bood}  but 
very  dear. 

Batb,    Threc-Ttins.    Good. 

Devifis,  EiLceedingjly  good,  and 
remarkably  civil. 

S^lijbury,  Three-Lions.  Good  i  but 
very  dear. 

Rumfy,    Bell.    Good. 

IVincbefier,  George.  Dirty  and 
dear }  bi\t  civil. 

Wanfiead,    Eagle.     Good. 

Ditto,  Bufh.  Impertinent  and  dirty. 

lljord,  KedLion.  Civil,  Clean,  and 
very  reafonable. 

Burnt' f^ood.  Wliite-Hart.  Good, 
clean,  reafonable,  and  civil.  But 
the  fize  and  goodnefs  of  the  houfes,  are 
not  taken  minutely  into  the  account* 

A   New  Question. 

THIRTY  chains  and  forty^are 
the  two  fides  of  a  trapezfum, 
containing  a  right  apgle :  Query,  the 
other  two  fides,  when  the  area  is  a 
maximum,  and  the  longeft  diagonal 
fixty  chains. 


BoW|  oa.  IS,  X767, 


Edw.  Ree». 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


To   tbi   PRINTER,   &c. 

In  quo*vis  vebicuio.    Rock  &  cxteri. 

SIR,         London,  June  9,  1768. 

TH  £  rage  for  carriages  is  Co  great 
at  prefeiit,  and  the  town  and  it's 
avenues  Co  full   of  them,  that  foroc 
fpccdy  method  fliould  be  taken  to  ftop 
them,  lead  the  landlords  both  of  the 
old  and  new  buildings  fliould  fome  day 
.be  furprized  and  ruined,  by  hearing 
that  their   tenants,    to  a  man,    had 
drove  ^,  which  though  not  quite  fo 
un^enteel,  will  be  full  as  fatal  to  them 
as  if  they  had  walked  off.    The  lat- 
ter indeed  is  not  likely  to  happen, 
as  eveiy  man  who  pretends  to    the 
fmallelt  (hare  of  tafte,  has  almoft  for- 
got how  to  ufe  his  legs. 
.    Formerly,    middling  folks,    parti- 
cularly    tradefmen,    were    contented 
v^ith   the    nvalk   of    life    allotted    to 
them,    even  when  they  married    (at 
which  time    perfons  ufually  make   a 
flafli)    they  aimed  at  no    more  than 
puttittg  their  beji  leg  forifftojl^  and  wilh- 
M^  only  to  be  thought  upon  as  good 
a  footing  as  their  neighbours.  But  now 
fure  the  devil  has  poiTcffed  them  all, 
or  have  they  firft  run  mad,  and  arc 
next  out- running,  the  conftable,    for 
which  purpofe  they  have  all  nuhtpt  in- 
to carriages.     In  vain  has  the  legifla- 
Jurc  endeavoured  to  put  a  ftop  to  their 
career  by  clogging  their  wheels,    and 
fticking  up  a  turnpike  at  every  hun- 
dred yards  diftance,  more  particularly 
on  thofe  roads  where  our  citizens  are 
accuftomed  to  dufi  themfelveg  as  often 
as  it  is   confiftent  with  fome  decent 
piew  of  attention  to  bufinefs.    Thofe 
indeed  who  are  quite  abandoned^    are 
reduced  to  make  u(e  of  the  fabbath- 
day  for  their  excurftons  5  fo  that  the 
late  regulation  for  double  tollsX>n  that 
day  appears  to  have  been  very  wifely 
intended  to  have  put  a  fpoke  in  their 
fjubeeb,  and  one  would  have  thought, 
in  fpite  of  the  weaknefs  of  their  intel- 
lefts,  might  have  brought  them  to  the 
ufe  of  their  underftandings,^-^^lC  they 
fuller  themlelves    to  be  thus  carried 
away,  people  of  the  country  who  may 
pay  occaitonal  vifits  to  this  metropolis, 
will  be  induced  to  think  that  there  are 
no  citizens  but  fuch  as  belong  to  the 
ward  of  CrtppU-Gait. 

How  are  they  degenerated,  how 
phanged  fince  thofe  happy  days,  in 
which  the  prudent  and  unshaken  citi- 

JunC|  1768.  ^ 


Ajufi  and  feafonahh  Satire]  305 

ten,  fo  far  from  allowing  himfclf  to  be 
carried,  was  fecn  trudging  along,  on 
a  Sunday^s  evening,  Iweating  under 
the  load  of  his  wife's  favourite  child, 
while  fhe,  poor  woman,  with  herufual 
attention  to  her  hulband's  head,  fol- 
lowed as  faft  as  flie  well  could  without 
difcompoiuig  the  calve's  tail  perriwjg 
committed  to  her  charge.  That  this 
was  Once  the  cafe,  the  vaineft  puppy 
of  them  all  cannot  deny  j  for  Hogarth, 
pleafcd  with  the  fccne,  has  tranfmittcd 
It  to  pofterity  in  evei  lading  black  and 
white.  The  degeneracy  of  which  I 
complain,  is  wholly  on  the  part  of  the 
male }  for  notwithllanding  he  is  of  latt 
grown  fo  facing  of  his  legs,  the  fc- 
Tn2\t femper  eadetitf  has  never  fwcrvcd 
from  that  auention  to  his  head,  for 
which  flie  has  ever  been  famed  \  nor 
has  the  carriage  of  the  hufband  been 
obfervedto  make  any  alteration  in 
that  of  the  wifej  it  is  therefore  for  the 
men  J  write,  and  fmccrely  befeech 
them,  as  they  love  liberty,  to  rtapd 
upon  their  own  feet,  nor  any  longer 
fuffer  themfelves  to  be  run  awny  with 
by  any  headftrong  brute  or  brutes,  to 
whole  caprice,  the  moment  they  Hep 
into  a  can  iage,  theyfubmit  their  per- 
fons,  and  who  in  the  end  will  gallop 
away  with  their  properties.  To  be 
brief.  Sir;  I  am  of  opinion  that  a 
tradefman  has  no  more  occafiGn  for 
a  carriage,  than  a  cat  has  for  a 
pair  of  pattens  \  and  I  fliould  be  hap- 
py indeed  if  you  could  think  of  any 
means  to  perluade  them  to  ftepoutof 
their  coaches  or  chaifes,  into  them* 
fel'ves. 

All  the  nations  we  read  of,  that 
from  a  ftate  of  freedom  have  fallen 
into  flavery,  have  brought  that  dif- 
grace  upon  themfelves  by  luxury. 
That  carriages  are  ftrong  f)  mptoms  of 
luxury,  is  not  to  be  dil'puted ;  and  I 
think  I  know  fome  men  yet,  who  look 
upon  them  but  as  (htcly  prifoni.  The 
freeeft  people  are  certamly  thofe  who 
never  knew  the  ufe  of  therti,  and  are 
mo^\\kt\y  to  Jiand  their  ground.  We 
have  a  late  inltance  in  our  own  coun- 
try, where  the  only  few  who  feem  to 
be  poflVlTed  of  tne  genuine  and  un- 
controulable  fpirit  of  freedom/  I  mean 
the  voters  for  Mr.  Wilkes,  almoft  to 
a  man,  walked  on  foot  to  Brentford, 
to  poll  for  that  bqneji  gentleman  j  and 
many  of  tb^m,  I  dare  C^y^  dread  the 
Qj)  tUou^|)t» 


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306 


L    E    T    T    E    R       T    O, 


June 


thoughts  of  being  conveyed  in  a  car^ 
riage  as  much,  nay  more,  than  they 
would  the  pillory. 

I  fear,  Sir,  we  owe  ttie  fo  common 
ufe  of  carriages  to  the  phyftcians. 
They  are  the  hrft  perfons  we  know  pf 
excepting  lords  and  'fqnires,  whofe 
legs  failed  them  5  but  then,  Sir,  they 
baVe  heads  (your  wit  will  i/ieer  now 
and  fay,  (o  have  their  canes })  but  I 
am  fcrious : — Thefe  wife  men  have 
•driven  thcmfelves  into  good  fortunes  5 
but  daily  experience  (hows  us,  that 
thofe  of  other  callings,  who  attempt 
that  method  c^i  getting  on^  have  driven 
themfelves  not  only  out  of  their  for. 
tunes,  but  even  out  of  houfe  and 
home. 

The  Ceftatbn  of  tradefmen  generally 
proceeds  from  a  falfe  conception,  or 
at  beft  ends  in  a  mifcnrriage  $  I  with, 
therefore,  that  the  lord  mayor.  Sir 
John  Fielding,  or  Mr.  Wilkes,  would 
take  this  matter  into  confideration, 
and  perfuade  thefe  unthinking  people, 
at  leaft  to  layby  their  ivhifTtfies  t\\\  bet- 
ter times,  or  till  the  fcheme  urged  by 
your  correfpondent  of  Wednefday  jaft 
takes  place,  namely,  that  of  opening 
the  two-forked  ftreets  to  Black-Fry ars 
Bridge  }  for  unlefs  a  clear  way  w  hiadc 
for  them  to  get  off^  they  will,  as  beob- 
fervesj  never  be  able  to  paft  the  Fleet, 
lam,  SIR, 

Your  humble  fervant, 

John  Trott. 

AS  American  affairs  are  likely  to 
aftbrd,  a  particular  fubjeilof  con- 
Verfation,  we  (bail  give  our  readers 
the  following  letter  from  the  earl  of 
Shelbum  to  governor  Barnard  of  Maf- 
lachufctf  s  Bay,  New  England,  which 
being  attacked  warmly  by  the  aflcrably, 
gave  occalion  to  the  fubfcquent  fpecch 
of  that  governor  when  he  put  an  end 
'  to  the  fcflion. 

«•  I  have'  the  plcafure  to  fignify  to 
you  his  majefty's  approbation  ©f  yoiir 
condu^,  and  to  acquaint  you  that  he 
IS  gracloufly  plcafed  to  approve  of  your 
having  exerted  the  power  lodged  in 
you  by  the  conftitutionof  the  province 


power  (bouTd  be  placed  in  the  governor » 
as  an  occafional  check  Hpon  any  io» 
difcreet  ufe  of  the  right  of  elefting 
counfellors,  which  was  ^iven  by 
charted  to  the  aflembly,  which  might 
at  certain  periods,  by  an  improper 
exercife,  have  a  tendency  to  difturb 
the  deliberations  of  that  part  of  the 
legidature,  from  whom  the  greateft 
gravity  and  moderation  is  more  peca« 
liarly  expected.  As  long,  therefore* 
as  the  affembly  (hall  exsrt  their  right 
of  ele^ion  tathe  exclufion  of  the  prin- 
cipal officers  of  government  from  coun- 
cil, whofis  pretence  there  as  counfeN 
lors,  fo  man ifeHly  tends  to  facilitate 
the  coQrf^  of  publick  bufinefs,  and 
who  have  therefore  been  before  thia 
period  ufually  ele6^ed,  and  whilft  in 
particular  they  exclude  men  of  fuch 
unexceptionable  characters  as  both  the 
prefent  lieutenant  governor  and  fecre* 
tary  undoubtedly  are,  and  that  too, 
at  a  time  when  it  is  more  peculiarly 
the  duty  of  all  parts  of  the  conftitutio* 
to  promote  the  re-eftabli(bmentof  tran- 
quility, and  fvot  forego  the  laa(l  oc- 
cafion  of  evincing  the  duty  and  attach- 
ment of  the  colony  towards  Great 
Britain.  It  cannot,  under  fuch  cir- 
cismfbmces,  be  furprizing  that  his  ma- 
jefty's  governor  exerts  the  right  en- 
truded  to  him  by  the  fameconftitution, 
to  the  |>arpofe  of  excluding  thofe  from 
the  council,  whofe  mi((aken  zeal  may 
have  led  them  into  improper  exceflei 
and  whole  private  refentments  (and  I 
(hould  be  forry  to  afcribe  to  them  mo- 
tives (till  more  blameable)  may,  in 
your  opinion,  further  lead  them  toem- 
barrafs  the  adminiltration,  and  endan* 
ger  the  quiet  of  the  province. 

The  diipute  v/hich  has  arifen  con- 
cerning the  lieutenant  governor's  be- 
ing prefent  wrthoat  a  voice,  at  the 
deliberations  of  the  council,  is  no 
otherwife  important,  than  as  it  tends 
to  (liew  a  warmth  in  the  houfe  of  re- 
prefentatives  which  I  am  extremely 
forry  for.— There  is  no  pretence  of 
danger  to  be  apprehended  from  the 
presence  of  the  lieutenant  governor  in 
council,  there  is  no  novelty  in  the 
,  of  MafTachufctt's  Bay,   of  negativing'^   pradlice,  and  there  is  apparent  utility 


counfellors  in  the  late  c!e6lions,  which 
appears  from  your  fcveral  letters  to 
hnve  been  done  with  due  deliberation 
and  iudgmcnt. 

Thofe  who  framed  the  prefent  char- 
^er,  very   wifely   provided  th^t  tlus 
5 


and  propriety  in  admitting  him  to  be 
prefent  at  the  deliberations  of  the 
council,  who  may  be- fbddenly  called 
to  the  adminiltration  of  the  province. 
If  this  oppofition  to  the  lieutenant  ^o* 
vcrnor*s  fitting  m  council^  is  to  be 
confidered 


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confider^  AS  perfonalj  it  muft  appear 
here  very  extraordinary  that  a  perfon 
^  hit  wy  refpedlable  charafVer^  and 
who^  learning  and  ability  has  been 
^exerted  in  the  fcrvice  of  Americaj 
Ihoald  yet  meet  with  fo  much  animo- 
fity  and  ill-will  in  a  province  which 
feemttoowe  hjm  particular  obligations. 
Bat  the  queftion  concerning  his  ad- 
QMflion  ieems  to  lie,  after  ail»  in  the 
breaft  of  the  council  only,  as  being 
fhe  proper  judges  of  their  own  pri- 
▼ileges,  and  as  having  the  beft  right 
to  determine  whom  they  will  admif: 
to  be  prefent  at  their  deliberations. 

As  to  what  concerns  the  agpncy  of 
the  proTince,  it  Is  doubtlefs  ^  point 
that  merits  attention  :  but  as  matters 
of  this  nature  from  other  provinces 
have  been  heretofore  under  the  conli- 
deration  of  the  lords  of  trade,'  his 
majefty  has  been  plea  fed  to  refer  the 
whole  uoatter  to  their  iordfhips  for 
their  report,  before  any  determina- 
tion (hall  be  taken  thereupon. 

I  am  to  inform  you,  Sir,  that  it  is 
his  majefty*s  determined  refolution  to 
extend  to  you  his  countenance  and 
protedion  ?h  every  conltitutional  mea- 
sure that  (hall  be  found  nece(rary  for 
the  fupport  of  his  governijnent  in  the 
Maflachuflett's  Bay$  and  it  will  be 
your  care  and  your  duty  to  avail  your- 
relfof  fuch  prote^ion  in  thofe  cafes 
only,  where  the  honour  and  dignity 
of  bis  majefty*s  government  is  really 
mediately  or  immediately  concerned. 

It  is  unnece(rary  to  obferve,  that 
fhe  nature  of  the  £ngli(h  conftitution 
7%  fuch,  as  tofurniHi  bo  real  ground  of 
jealoufy  to  the  colonies;  and  where 
there  is  fo  large  a  foundation  of  cohfi- 
dence,  it  cannot  be,  but  that  acciden- 
tal jealouiies  rapft  fubfide,  and  things 
again  return  to  their  proper  and  na- 
tural courfe  ;  the  extt-emes  even  of  le- 
gal right,  ori  either  fide,  though  fome- 
tvJies  neceitary,  are  always  tnconye- 
nient,  and  men  of  real  property,  who 
muft  be  fen(ible  that  their  owp  profpe- 
rity  is  conne^ed  with  the  tranquility 
of  the  province,  will  not  long  be  inac- 
tive, and  fuifer  their  quiet  to  be  dif- 
turbed  and  the  peace  and  fafety  of  the 
ftftte  endangered,  by  the  indifcretion 
of  resentment  of  any. 
iam,  with  great  truth  and  regard,  (ir^ 
yotif  raoft  obedient>  bumble  fervant, 
Shklburne. 


Governor  Barnard.  307 

Gentlemen  of  the  houfe  of  reprc- 
fcntatives. 

TH  E  moderation  and  good  temper 
which  appeared  to  regulate  your 
conduft  at  the  opening  this  fcflSon,  fo 
flattered  me,  that  I  promifed  myfelf 
that  the  like  difpofition  would  have 
continued  to  the  end  of  it.  But  1 
am  forry  to  find  that  the  lovers  of 
contention,  have  (hewed  themfclvet 
not  fo  ihtent  upon  preventing  it,  as 
upon  waiting  for  a  fvi  opportunity  to 
revive  it.  The  extraordmary  and  in- 
decent obfervations  which  have  been 
made  upon  the  fecretary  of  ftatc's  bet- 
ter, wrote,  as  I  may  fay,  in  prcfence 
of  the  king  himfelf,  will  fully  juftify 
this  fuggellion.  The  caufes  of  the 
cenfure  therein  contained  have  been 
fpecifically  aifigncd  and  fet  forth  in  the 
letter  itfelf.  Thefe  caufes  are  fafta 
univerfally  known,  and  no  where  to 
be  denied  ;  they  are  confidered  in  the 
letter  as  the  folc  caufes  of  the  cenfure 
cofifequent  thereto  j  and  there  was  no 
occa(ion  to  refort  to  my  letters,  or  any 
other  letters,  for  other  rcafons  for  it. 
If  you  think  that  this  cenfure  is  fingu- 
lar,  you  deceive  yourfelvcs  J  arid  you 
are  not  fo  wcU  informed  of  what 
paflcs  at  Wellminfter  as  you  ought 
to  be,  if  you  do  not  know  that  it  is  at 
general  and  extenfive  9S  the  knowledge 
of  the  proceedings  to  which  it  is  ap- 
plied ;  and  therefore  all  your  insinua- 
tions againft  me,  upon  falfe  fuppo(i-> 
tions  of  my  having  mifreprefented  you^ 
are  vain  and  groundiefs,  when  every 
effeft  is  to  be  accounted  for  from  2 
plain  narrative'of  fa6is,  which  muft 
have  appeared  to  the  fecretary  of  (late 
from  your  own  journals.  It  is  not 
therefore  me  gentlemen,  that  you  call 
to  account;  ic  is  the  noble  writer  of 
the  letter  himfelf,  the  king's  minifter 
of  (late,  who  has  taken  the  liberty  to 
find  fault  with  the  condudl  of  a  party 
in  your  alTembly.  , 

Nor  am  I  lefs  innocent  of  the  male- 
insr  this  letter  a  fubjedl  of  public  rc- 
fentment.  When,  upon  the  bed  ad- 
vice, 1  found  myfelf  obliged  to  com- 
municate it  to  you,  I  did  it  in  fuch  a 
manner  that  it  might  not,  and  would 
not,  if  you  had  been  pleafed^  have  tran- 
ipired  out  of  the  general  court.  Pru- 
dent men,  moderate  men,  would  have 
confidered  it  as  an  admonition  rather 
than  a  cenfure,  and  have  made  ufe  of 

Q^q  %  it 


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3o8 


It  as  a  menns  of  reconciliation,  rather 
than  of  further  diftra£lion.  But  there 
are  men  to  whofc  being  (I  mean  the 
being  of  their  importance)  everlafting 
contention  is  neccflary.  And  by  thefe 
has  this  letter  been  dragged  intp  pub- 
Jick,  and  has  been  made  the  fubjeft 
of  declamatory  obfervations ;  which, 
together  with  large  cxtrafts  of  the 
letter  itfelf,  have  immediately  after 
been  carried  to  the  prcfs  of  the  pub- 
lifliers  of  an  infamous  news  paper  > 
notwitlillanding  the  letter  had  been 
communicated  in  confidence  that  no 
copy  of  it  (hould  be  permitted  to  be 
taken.  So  little  have  availed  the  no- 
ble lord's  intention  of  pointing  out 
the  means  of  rcftoring  peace  and  har- 
mony to  this  government,  and  my 
defire  to  purfuc  fuch  falutary  purpofe 
to  the  utmofrof  my  power. 

Having  faid  thus  much  to  vindicate 
inyfelf,  which  every  honeft  man  has  a 
right  to  do,  I  muft  add,  that  I  have 
done  nothing  on  my  part  to  occadon 
a  difpute  between  me  and  your  houfe ; 
|t  has  been  forced  upon  me  by  parti- 
cular perfons  for  their  own  purpofes, 
I  neyer  will  haye  any  difpute  with  the 
reprefentatives  of  this  good  people 
which  I  can  prevent,  and  will  always 
freat  them  with  due  regard  and  ren- 
der them  real  fervice  when  it  is  in  my 
power.  Time  and  experience  will 
loon  pull  the  niafjcs  off  thofe  falfe  pa- 
triots, who  are  facrificing  their  coun- 
try to  the  gratificatlo.is  of  their  own 
paflions.  In  the  mean  while  I  (hall 
with  more  firmnefs  than  ever,  if  it  is 
pofliWle,  purfue  that  fteady  conduA 
which  the  fervice  of  tl\e  king  and  the 
prefervation  of  this  government  fo 
forcibly  demand  of  me.  And  I  (hall 
aibove  all  endeavour  to  defend  this  in- 
jured country  from  the  imputafions 
which  are  caft  upon  it,  and  the  evils 
which  threaten  it,  arifmg  frphi  the 
machinations  of  a  few,  very  few,  dif- 
contented  men,  and  by  po  means  to 
be  charged  on  the  generality  of  the 
people. 

Gentlemen  of  the  council, 

I  return  you  thanks  for  your  fteady, 
uniform  and  patriotic  condu6l  during 
this  whole  fe/fion,  which  has  (hewn 
you^mpreiTed  with  a  full  fenfe  of  your 
duty  both  to  your  king  and  to  your 
country.  The  unanimous  example 
of  men  of  your  refpeftable  cbarafters 
cannot  fail  of  having  great  weight  tQ 


Sefleltions  on  Uherfy.  Juhe 

engage  the  people  in  generld.  to  unit^ 
in  piopcr  means  to  put  an  end  to  th^ 
diflention  which  has  fo  long  harrafled 
this  province  in  its  internal  policy^ 
and  difgraced  it  in  its  reputation  a- 
broad.  I  (hall  not  fail  to  make  a  faith- 
ful reprefentation  to  his  majelty  o£ 
your  merit  upon  this  occafion, 
Council-Chamber,      «     „ 

March  4.  Fr.  Bernard; 


BeJUaions  on  Liberty.    From  Refleftionf 

on  the  Cafe  of  Mr.  fTi/hs,  &c. 
"  T  IBERTY,  IS  this  writer  ob, 
J—/  fcrves,  is  unqucftionably  the 
greate(t  good  which  the  infinite  bene- 
volence of  heaven  can  be(t6w  on  man  ^ 
Without  it,  all  other  bicdings  arc  pre* 
carious  in  the  enjoyment,  and  confe« 
j^uently  trifling  in  their  value,  Thi« 
ineftimable  trcafure  is  the  birth-right 
of  the  happy  natives  of  this  i(land» 
handed  down  to  them,  through  a  long 
fucceflion  of  anceftors,  with  continual 
increafe  and  improvements*  The  name 
of  it  is  in  the  mouth  of  every  Engli(h-» 
man,  but  few  are  fufficiently  apprifed 
in  what  part  of  the  conftitution  it 
really  confifts. 

Excellent  as  our  laws  are,  though 
they  are  defervedly  ftiUd  the  perfedioit 
of  human  reafon,  yet  we  muft  look 
ftill  farther  than  them,  for  the  tru9 
foundation  of  our  liberty. 

In  every  goverment,  of  whatever 
kind,  from  a  defpotifm  to  a  democra- 
cy, there  muft  exift,  fomcwhcre  or 
other,  a  power  fuperior  to  the  laws, 
namely  the  power  which  makes  thofe 
laws,  and  from  which  they  derive  their 
authority.  The  freedom,  therefore,  of 
any  country  wholly  depends  upon  the 
hands  in  which  the  fupreme  IcgiflatiTe 
povyer  is  lodged }  and  the  liberty  of  ^ 
nation  is  exactly  proportioned  to.  the 
(hare  the  body  of  the  people  have  ia 
the  legiflature,  and  the  checks  placed 
in  the  conftitution  on  the  executive 
power.  That  ftatc  is  truly  free,  where 
the  people  are  governed  by  laws^ 
which  they  have  a  (hare  in  makings 
and  to  the  validity  of  which  their  con- 
fent  is  e(rentially  nece(rary.  And  that 
country  is  abfolutelv  and  totally  en- 
(laved,  where  one  (ingle  law  can  be 
made  or  repealed  without  the  interpo<» 
fitioa  or  confent  of  the  people. 

Let  us  S4»ply  the(e  principles  to  the 
queftion,  in  what  the  liberty  of  Eng, 
gland  coftfiftst 


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Is  it  in  mi^na  cbarta, 
fiehts,  the  habeas  corpus  a£i^  or  any 
of  the  other  numerous  and  excellent 
laws  in  favour  of  the  rights  and  lil^r- 
ties  of  the  people }  or  is  it  in  all  thefe 
taken  together  f  Clearly  not ;  for  thofe 
laws  may  all  be  repealed  in  a  iingle 
day,  by  the  fame  power  that  made 
then^.  In  what  then  does  it  confril } 
It  confifts  i^  the  right  of  the  people 
to  chufe  reprefentatives,  and  in  the 
right  of  thofe  reprefentatives  (in  con* 
jundion  with  the  two  other  branches 
of  the  legiflature)  to  make,  repeal, 
and  alter  the  laws  by  which  the  peo-b 
pie  are  to  be  governed  \  to  infpe^l  into 
the  due  and  faithful  execution  of  thofe 
laws  %  and  to  call  the  minifters  thro^ 
whon^^the  king  exercifes  his  executive 
power,  to  a  ftri6l  and  fevere  account, 
for  every  negle6l  or  abufe  in  the 
difcharge  of  their  important  truft. 

This,  in  a  few  words,  comprifesthe 
whole  of  Engliih  liberty  ;  and  it  is 
folely  to  thefe  great  con(titutional 
rjehts  that  we  owe  the  fuperior  ex- 
cellence of  the  laws,  under  the  go- 
vernment of  which  we  have  fo  4ong 
been  a  flourifhing  and  happy  people. 
While  thefe  rights  remain  inviolate^ 
no  Angle  a^  ofoppreiHon,  no  parti- 
cular grievance  whatfoever  need  alarm 
the  people,  for  they  have  (by  meant 
pf    them)     the    legal    conftitutional 

S>wer  of  redrefs  in  their  own  hands* 
ut  the  moment  either  the  rights  of 
the  reprefentatives  when  ele^ed,  or 
the  people  in  electing  them,  are  in- 
fringed^  there  is  an  end  at  once  of 
fecurity  and  liberty,  the  boafted  laws 
in  favour  of  the  fubjeO,  may  be  at 
one  ftroke,  or  by  degrees,  repealed, 
and  the  defpairing  people  left  without 
any  means  of  redrefs  but  what  are 
given  by  the  immutable  laws  of  nature 
\o  all  mankind. 

Of  thefe  rights,  as  that  of  free  elec- 
tion in  the  people  is  the  firft  in  order, 
fb  is  \\\n  importance,  and  it  is  indeed 
the  comer-done  of  the  whole  confti- 
tation.  For  of  what  avail  to  the  peo- 
ple are  the  powers  and  rightf  of  any 
fet  of  men,  if  thofe  men  ceafe  to  be 
their  reprefenutives,  which  they  clear- 
iy  do  whenever  the  freedom  of  elec- 
tions is  invaded  by  the  hand  of  power. 
God  forbid  that  we  (hould  ever  fee 
fuch  an  invafion  openly  and-fucctfsfuU 
1/  i^s^ic.    f  am  perfi)a4ed  we  p^vef 


In  what  Englifli  Liberty  conftfisl 

the  bill  of 


(hall.  But  yet  there  are  fon[ie  circum- 
fiances  in  the  prefisnt  ftate  of  affairs* 
which  call  for  the  mofi  ferious  atten- 
tion both  of  the  people  at  large^  and 
their  reprefentatives.** 

from  an  EfTay  on  Patriotifm,  ^r.  late* 

lypuhlijbed, 
"^rnHERE  are  always  bctweea 
X  nations,  .  frequently  between 
neighbouring  villages,  fome  terms  of 
ridicule  with  which  tbe  vulgar  on  botlt 
fidts  have  agreed  mutually  to  reproach 
and  abufe  one  another.  What  are  the 
topicks  a  Scotch  mob  would  infulcan 
Englifhman  with  I  cannot  fay,  but  be- 
lieve love  of  pAum-puddinfir  one.  of 
them.  On  the  other  band,  eating^ 
oatn^eal,  fcratching  for  the  itch,  loufi- 
nefs  and  beggary,  are  what  an  Englifit 
porter  would  very  readily  apply  to  a 
Scotch  nobleman  of  the  mofl  indepen^ 
dant  fortune.  Even  this  hackneyed 
and  vulgar  abufe,  which  one  would 
expefl  to  hear  only  in  ginfhops  and 
ale-houfes,  were  for  years  the  flanding 
topic  of  wit  and  raillery  in  a  politicu 
paper,  profefling  to  handle  the  moft 
important  concerns  of  the  flate  ;  and 
the  Scotch  had  the  good  fortune  to 
hear  themfelves  reproached  every  day 
for  beggary,  by  a  drunken  poet  who 
died  in  goal,  a« drunken  parfon,  the 
impoflor*t  chaplain  as  he  calls  him^ 
who  was  Indebted  for  a  precarious  fub«^ 
iidence  to  the  fale  of  fome  crude  inco* 
herent  rhymes  nicknamed  poetry  \  and 
laflly,  by  the  impoftbr  bimfelf,  who  is 
at  this  moment  begging  in  publick 
news- papers,  difperfed  all  over  the 
world. 

Had  this  been  all,  it  might  have  been 
forgiven,  as  it  could  not  well  havebeea 
attended  with  any  feriout  confequen* 
ces.  He  went  farther ;  every  vice  and 
bad  quality,  which  could  render  the 
Scotch  people  the  obje6t  of  hatred  and 
abhorrence  to  the  human  race  ttfelf^^ 
and  to  Engli(hmen  in  particular,  was 
imputed  and  boldly  charged  to  themi 
In  (hort,  the  veiy  name  of  Scot  was 
made  a  term  fynonimous  to  every 
thing  that  was  ralcally  and  difhonoura- 
ble  in  chara^ler,  excepting  only  that  ei 
coward.  Why  this  imputation  among 
innumerable  others  equally  falfe  and 
ridiculous  was  always  carefully  avoid-* 
ed,  I  can  only  fee  one  good  reafon  | 
s^id  tl^at  was  the  impoftor'i  regard  for 

hia 


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310 

liit  own  perfonal  iafety. 
>rhat  this  charge  wat  the  only  one  he 
could  ma^ke  which  might  be  direAly 
and  in  point  confuted,  by  fending 
bim  a  challenge.  Amidil  all  his  folly, 
he  was  wife  cnoueh  not  to  give  every 
Scotchman  who  bore  the  af  piearance 


of  a  gentleman^  fo  very  fair  a  pre- 
tence which  hefufpe6ted  man)j  would 
gladly  lay  hold  on,  to  call  him  out, 
and  if  he  refuCed  a  meeting,  to  ufe 
him  according  to  the  ruiet  efiabliflied 
among  men  of  honour.'* 

On  Fa-voxjuites. 
'*MongJi  thefi  there  tv/ts  «  poUtsdofif 
With  more  heads  than  a  heafl  in  'vifum^ 
Ami  iMre  intrigues  in  e'very  oiUi 
nen  all  the  whores  of  Babylon, 

Hud. 

FAVOURITES  have  been  confider- 
ed,  in  all  ages,  with  envy  or  de- 
rifion  5  with  envy,  when  truly  merito- 
rious j  with  denfion,  when  only  the 
objects  of  fancy.  In  which  ever  of 
thefe  liehts  my  ]ady*t  lap-dog  may  ap- 
pear, it  is  as  fure  of  being  deemed 
a  common  enemy,  as  that  it  is  a  fa- 
vourite. It  is  much  the .  fame  with 
Poll  Parrot,  Pufs,  Shugg,  and  all  that 
generation  of  little  enchanting  ani- 
mals, who  win  from  the  >ady*s  affec- 
ttons,  what  is  efteemed  diviiibJe  amopg 
the  ciptious  houfliold }  as  if  a  lady 
might  not  love  whom  (he  pleafed, 
without  afking  their  leave. 

When  great  politicians  fall  in  love, 
if  the  affedion  chances  to  light  on 
one  of  their  own  fex,  as  in  the  com- 
mon nature  pf  love,  he  becomes 
blind  ^  a  magic  circle  it  immediately 
drawn  round  him  by  the  oh]tGL  j  at- 
fe^ed  attraction  draws  the  enamoured 
into,  and  fixes  him  in  ^e  center :  and 
fympathy,  like  the  ppwer  that  gives 
the  earth  its  diurnal  rotation,  keeps 
liim  perpetually  whirling  in  that 
fphere,  and  fo  iixed^  that  to  re-at- 
tra^  him  again,  frotp  9ffej5lian  into 
even  common  difcretion,  Requires  a 
more  potent  charrn,  t)i^  men,  but 
indifferently  (killed  in  coniuration^  are 
commonly  aware  of. 

When  different  fexcs  haye  been  in 
queftion,  fome  greait  exploits  have  been 
performed  this  way.  The  beautiful 
Irene,  on  this  topic  loft  her  head,  in 
the  prefence  of  the  whole  divan  j  and 
%  apprehend  it  not  to  be  an  ijnQoiji- 


Bemarxs  on  June 

He  knew  mpn  circumftance,  with  lefs  men  than 
a  gi-and  fignior,  to  part  with  their  fa- 
vourite miftreffcs  on  cruel  terms.  But 
when  fimilarity  of  fex  conjoins,  and 
the  influential  power  of  aflfed^ion  takes 
place,  it  may  as  well  be  attempted  to 
force  a  planet  through  its  atmofphcrc. 


as  the  obje(5t  whence  aflfcftion  fprttigt, 
flom  the  circle  wherein  magic  fancy 
has  fixed  it.  Yet  human  wifdom,  or 
power,  or  conjuration,  is  fo  undeter- 
minate,  that  we  cannot  eftablifli  any 
fentiroent  on  abft)lute  certainty.  Ti- 
berius made  an  eruption,  and  Sejanus 
became  the  viftira,  and  fo  did  the 
•fair  lady  regnant  in  this  century  here. 
Tiberius  was  fuppofed  to  rife  up- 
wards,  and  to  fuperbound  all  bounds} 
and  as  to  Anne,  if  the  king  of  PrufTia 
tells  true,  a  pair  of  ^oves,  of  I  fup* 
pofe  fome  magical  kind,  endued  her 
with  the  power  of  re-attra6Hon  }  but 
whatever  this  counter- enchantment 
might  be,  it  freed  her  from  the  cicrle 
ofaffc£lion,  and  favouritifin  (hone  n9 
more  during  her  reign. 

It  is  very  difficult,  in  all  cafes,  tq 
^y^  from'  what  fource  favouritifm 
fprings,  is  moved  into  adlion,  or  ope- 
rates to  effedl,  as  both  fear  and  lov<s 
are  often  attended  with  the  like  con- 
fequences;  It  takes  place  fometirees 
by  the  ear,  fometimes  by  the  eye, 
and  is  fometimes  received  at  the 
aperture  of  the  throat,  like  a  gild- 
ed bolus ;  and  fometimes  is  the  vi- 
fible  effedt  of  a  warm,  wanton  fancy- 
▼ifion.  Our  James  the  Firft  was  re^ 
markable  this  way ,  a  pun  made  a 
bifhop,  and  a  handfome  perfon  tranf- 
pofed  a  private  gentleman  into  a  duke. 

When  Elizabeth  had  favourites,  a^t 
all  women  nHift  have,  (he  managed 
them  well  5  her*s  were  of  two  kinds, 
the  perfonal  and  the  political }  the 
one  loft  his  head,  and  the  other 
amaffed,  what  might  in  that  age  b« 
called  an  immenfe  fortune :  The  one 
had,  perhaps,  beauty,  but  was  indif- 
creetj  the  other  a  fur^ffing  difcre. 
tion,  and  fo  correal  a  judgment,  af 
to  make  the  people  love,  and  the 
prince  admire  his  fupcrior  talents, 
Britain  never  produced  his  equal; 
every  aft  for  improiFing  the  revenue 
was  re^itude  \  he  made  the  people 
great,  the  prince  honourable,  and 
fcorned  thole  little  mean  arts,  by 
wUch  more  modern  favoprit^,  vrithf* 


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1768.  Favourites  an 

out  (kiU  of  )odgroent,  have  plunder- 
ed the  people^  by  making  tbem  pay 
iJl-coniidered  taxes  three  times  over; 
•r  being  the  means,  through  igno- 
rance^  of  its  happtoing  fo. 

In  the  courle  of  a  few  thoufand 
years,  Tarious  kinds  of  Cavourites  have 
ftarted  to  public  view :  The  loweft  I 
can  recoiled  of  one  age  was  Nero*t 
Sporut;  this  wretch  outwitted  Sene- 
ca, and  from  a  ftate  infinitely  below 
the  character  of  a  common  barlot» 
became  dignified  with  the  llation  of 
prime  minifter  j  a  glorious  ruleri  when 
half  the  world  were  Roman  ! 

To  fpeak  of  our  own  princes,  an- 
tecedent to  the  reign  of  Elizabeth, 
what  favourites  they  entertained,  civil, 
or  political,  and  how  they  conducted 
themfelves  towards  iiich  favourites,  or 
fuch  favourites  towards  their  refpe^ive 
princes,  is  a  kind  of  inveftigation, 
that  claims  more  time  and  paper  than 
I  can  at  prefent  fpare ;  as  fomewhat 
occurs  of  more  importance  to  be  at 
prefent  confidered,  and  what  more 
immediately  relates  to  my  text. 

There  are  a  fpecies  of  favourites  of 
late  years,  that  have  fprung  from 
quite  another  fountain,  than  any  yet 
remembered,  of  a  mixed,  or  mongrel 
breed,  neither  diflinftly  civil,  nor  po- 
litical, but  civilly  political,  or  politi- 
cally civil,  with  more  cunning  than 
wiidom,  and  more  artifice  than  honef- 
ty,  that  clafp  hold  of  our  minds  in  a 
ftate  of  youth  and  innocence,  and  im- 
prefs  fuch  ftrong  marks  of  fuperior 
genius,  mingled  with  terror,  as  be- 
come, in* more  ripened  years,  altoge- 
ther indelible. 

When  a  tutor  of  this  kind  gets  a 
youth  under  his  care,  the  principal 
pait  of  bis  education  tendsnto  the  in- 
fluencing his  tender  perception,  in  fa- 
vour of  the  tutor^s  high  wifdom  and 
pre-eminence,  and  next,  of  his  autho- 
rity ;  and  having  once  reduced  him 
to  this  meannefs,  he  remains  his  maf- 
ter  for  ever  i  that  is  to  fay,  if  the  dif- 
pofition  of  the  youth  be  foft  and  deli- 
cate, Ut  his  natural  underftanding  be 
otherways.  ever  fo  good :  various  in* 
ftances  I  have  known,  and  from  what 
country  fuch  tutors  came  ;  but  as  re- 
fle61ing.  on  any  country  from  particu- 
lar inttances  is  illiberal,  I  fhall  at  pre- 
fent wave 'mentioning  it.  A  prince 
fo  educated  is  no  more  guarded  againft 
Che  choral  tbaa  a  private  gentleman  | 


D  Favouritism.  31  f 

the  human  mind,  alike  framed  and 
difpofed,  IS  liable  to  the  fame  en- 
chantment in  all  ranks  and  degrees  of 
people ;  but  it  is  not  worth  fuch  a 
tutor's  while  to  fafcinate  the  mind  of 
any  bu^  a  man  of  fortune  or  fignifi- 
cance :  the  brain  of  a  poor  boy  is  not 
worth  cooking,  nor  his  genial  fpirita 
of  digefting  into  a  ftate  of  debility. 

A  pripce,  confidered  in  the  fimple, 
civil  light  of  man  and  a  gentleman, 
has  no  doubt  a  right,  in  common 
with  other  people,  to  favourife,  and 
to  fing,  dance,  play,  or  pray,  with 
whom  he  moft  approves  it  j  but '  as  a 
magiftrat*?,  at  the  bead  of  a  fret  pco- 
pie,  whofupply  his  treafury,  and  fup. 
port  his  dignity,  the  favouritifm 
(hould  be  equally ,  confidered  on  the 
part  of  the  people  j  as  I  conceive  it 
has  never  yet  appeared,  that  Cecil 
here,  or  Richelieu  in  Fiance,  were 
perfonal  favourites.  The  authority  of 
both  fprang  from  inherent  merit  j  the 
princes  were  wife  that  employed  them  j 
both  fovcreigns  had  perfonal  favour- 
ites, but  the  political  were  only  ch- 
trufted  with  the  care  of  the  ftate,  the 
honour  of  the  prince,  and  the  happi. 
nefs  of  the  people.  Princes,  who  ruls 
by  their  own  power  and  wifdom.  like 
Pruflia,  are  too  wife  to  have  any  fa. 
yourites,  civil  or  politic ;  as  a  favour- 
ite  in  faft  means  nothing  more  than  a 
plaything,  an  idle  toy  for  the  diver- 
fion  of  Icifure  hours,  not  to  be  the  di- 
rcftor  of  grave  and  important  fub- 
)eds. 

.  J^^  j?*^^  ^"^  dignity  of  a  fovcreign 
IS  fo  diftina  from  every  other  opera- 
tive power  in  the  community,  that  at 
he  has  not  any  natural  equals,  it  is 
generally  expefttd,  that  he  fliould  not 
create  himfclf  any  5  much  Icfs  fubjeft 
himfelf  to  an  influence,  that  feems  to 
make  his  authority  divifible.  When  a 
prince  plays  on  his  favourite,  the  peo- 
ple fmile  i  when  the  favourite  plays 
on  the  prince,  their  countenances  be-' 
come  more  vifibly  rifible,  and  termi- 
nate in  what  we  ufually  call  a  horfe- 
laugh  5  no  man  quarrels  with  PrufKa 
for  playing  on  the  flutej  but  abfolute 
as  that  pnnce  may  be,  if  the  inftru- 
roent  was  to  play  on  him,  not  only 
his  loving  fubjefts,  but  all  natm-e 
would  burft  into  an  horfc-laueh.  How* 
ever  ridiculous  any  man  may  appear, 
that  fo  revcrfes  the  common  fenfe  and 
rtafon  of  tlungs,  as  to  fufter  an  inftm- 

meac 


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312  Neceffity  of  a 

ineotf  civil,  er  political^  to  play  upon 
}iim>  yet  inlbnces  of  t|iis  kind  have 
l^appened  in  all  ages.  Shafdbury,  at 
whom  my  motto  is  pointed,  was  one 
of  thefe  inftt  UBientt.  He  firft  played 
^n  his  makers,  the  commoi^vrealthy 
and  next  on  bis  fovexeign ;  who  was 
fp  good-natured  as  to  let  hini  play  all 
the  game  throiigh  t  and  then  to  con- 
vince him,  that,  when  a  prince  plea- 
jtedy  be  could  reverfe  the  objefis,  and 
that  not  all  his  heads  and  intrigues 
were  a  match  for  his  mafter.  *So  may 
it  be  again  with  any,  who  has  More 
heads  dian  a  beaft  in  vifion  :  Revela- 
Ution  may  produce  revolution,  and  a 
happy  variatiQn  of  objedts  make  the 
poeple  once  more  fraile. 
IPoUt.  ^eg.^ 

OJ  the  Necefflty  of  a  new  Placi-BilL 

IT  is  an  old  and  a  jufl  obfervation, 
that  every  produ^ion  of  nature  and 
of  art  muH,  fome  time  or  other,  come 
to  a  period  ;  and  that  death  is  una- 
voidable to  the  political  as  well  as  to 
the  animal  body.  Some  governments, 
it  is  true,  like  feme  men,  are  more 
durable  and  longer  lived  than  others  \ 
owing  either  to  the  ftrenglh  of  their 
original  conftitution,  or  to  the  wifdom 
of  thofe  who  are  intruiltd  with  the  ad- 
miniftration.  But  (lill  it  may  be  ad- 
mitted a  general  maxim,  that  all  go- 
vernments without  exception,  and  free 
governments  fooner  than  the  reft, 
jnuft  finally  perjQi.  Have  not  Rome 
and  Athens,  and  Sparta  periOied  ? 
And  can  England  expcft  to  be  exempt- 
ed from  a  fate,  which  has  been  the  com- 
'  mon  lot  of  every  other  government  ? 
Many,  it  muft  be  owned,  and  various 
are  the  dangers  which  threaten  the 
diilblution  of  our  free  conftitution  $ 
but  of  thefe,  the  great  number  of 
placemen  in  the  houfe  of  commons,  is 
by  far  the  moft  alarming. 

It  is  wifely  remarked  by  the  famous 
baron  Montefquieu,  that  "  when  the 
legiftative  and  executive  powers  are 
united  in  the  fame  perfon,  or  in  the 
fapie  body  of  mugifiraies^  there  can  be 
po  liberty ;  becaufeapprehenfions  may 
arife,  left  the  fame  monarch  or  fenaU 
ihould  ena£t  tyrannical  laws,  to  exe- 
cute them  in  a  tyrannical  manner.** 
l^ow  if  it  ftiould  appear,  that,  as  the 
houfe  of  commons  hag  been  for  fome 
time  conftituted,  the  legiftative  and 
the  executive  powers  in  this  kingdom 


New  Place-Bia. 


June 


have  been  united  in  the  fame  My  •/* 
magiJIrateSf  or  in  thtjamejenate,  I  (hall 
leave  every  reader  to  draw  the  conclu- 
fion.  But  firft  I  muft  obferve,  that 
I  take  it  for  granted,  that  every  place* 
man,  whether  in  the  army,  the  navy^ 
or  in  any  other  department  uiider  the 
government,  belongs  to  executive 
power ;  a  conceftion  which,  I  imaginet 
will  not  be  refuted  me,  as  it  is  very 
'Well  known  that  all  placemen  are  in* 
tended  to  aftift  the  fovereign  in  carry* 
ifigthe  laws  into  execution. 

This  point  being  fettled,  I  would 
defire  the  reader  to  examine  a  lift  of 
the  members  of  the  late  houfe  of 
commons,  and  fee  whether  there  were 
not  a  majority  of  them  placemen; 
and  if  not,  whether  that  is  not  likely 
to  be  the  cafe  in  fome  future  houfe  of 
commoifs  j  and  when  it  is,  I  would 
beg  leave  to  a(k  him,  whether  the  le-> 
gidative  and  executive  powers  will  not 
then  be  united  in  the  fame  body  of  ma» 
gif  rates,  or  in  ibe  fame  fenaie\  and 
whether,  according  to  the  opinion  of 
Monteftjuicu,  our  liberties  will  not 
thereby  be  entii-cly  deftroyed  ? 

Our  forefathers  were  ^o  fenfible  of 
the  danger  arifmg  from  this  quarter, 
that  they  pan*ed  one,  if  not  two  place- 
bills,  incapacitating  the  officers  of  the 
cuftoms,  the  excife,  thepoft  and  ftamp 
ofBces  i  in  a  word,  every  one  in  the 
leaft  concerned  with  the  colle^ion  of 
the  taxes,  from  being  chofen  membert 
of  parliament,  or  interfering  by  any 
means  in  the  choice  of  members  of 
parliament.  Thefe  place  bills  were 
perhaps  fufficient  then  \  but  they  are 
hot  fufficient  now.  The  government 
is  every  day  becoming  more  complex, 
more  expenfive,  more  full  of  places, 
and  thefe^^laces  more  lucrative  and 
advantageous  :  So  that  I  would  affirm, 
that  there  is  a  growing  neccftity  ftr 
fuccefTive  place-bills;  and  that,  if  fucli 
fucceftive  place-bills  Oiould  not  take 
effefV,  the  conftitution  muft  be  ruined 
by  the  very  courfe  of  things,  even 
though  the  minifters  ftiould  never  be 
g\iilty  of  one  arbitrary  a6t,  or  en* 
croachment  upon  our  liberties.  For 
let  us  only  fuppofe,  what  cannot  be 
denied,  that  the  places  under  the  go- 
vernment are  daily  growing  more  nu* 
merous,  and  that  no  fucccflive  place- 
bills  are  pafted,  what  muft  be  the  con- 
fequence  ?  muft  it  not  follow,  that  a 
BiBJority  of  placemen  muil  at  laft  get 

iiito 


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1768- 


into  the^oufe  J  and,  if  that  onCe  bap- 
pens,  our  liberties,  it  is  maniftfft,  arc 
irretrievably  ruined. 

How  often  it  is  nccefTary  to  pafs  fuch 
place- bills,  and  how  comprehenfivc 
they  fljould  be,  when  pafled,  I  will 
not  now  take  upon  rae  to  determine  » 
though,  I  think,  there  is  one  infalli- 
ble criterion  for  difcovering  the  for- 
nix circumdance  :  and  it  is  this,  that 
when  it  appears,  that  near  one  half 
the  members  of  the  houfe  of  commons 
arc  placemen,  the  neccflity  is  evident, 
the  danger  alarming,  and  the  remedy, 
if  neglected,  may  come  too  late. 

To  the  AUTHOR,  &c. 
SIR 

HAVING  lately  heard  the  la- 
dies in  general,  which  is  too 
often  the  topic  of  difcourfe,  accufed  of 
intemperance  in  their  pleafores,  and 
particularly  of  being  biafl'ed  by  fenfual 
enjoyments  to  any  purpofe,  I  beg 
kavc,  in  contradi^ion  to  thefe  con- 
fident ailertions,  from  a  letter  I  re- 
ceived fomc  years  fince,  to  exhibit  to 
the  world  an  example  of  fuffering  in- 
nocence and  purity,  in  a  lady,  who, 
far  from  being  biaffed  by  fuch  mean 
coniiderations,  aftcd  as  became  her  in 
a  (ituation  fufHciently  critical  to  try 
her  innate  fenfe  of  honour,  and  where- 
in (he  bravely  fupported  the  dignity  of 
her  Tex. 
1  I  am,  &c. 

Corke,  Sept.  30,  1760. 

"  I  was  particularly  charmed  with 
the  appearance  of  a  lady,  whofe  name 
I  conceal  en  account  of  the  flier t  fto- 
ry  I  am  going  to  relate:  Let  it  fuffice 
that  I  aUure  you  every- body  who 
knows  her  allows  her  to  be  pcrfetSly 
well  made,  her  limbs  in  the  mod  deli- 
catc  proportion  }  her  air  graceful ; 
her  countenance  modcft,  elegant,  and 
ftriking;  her  converfation  ea(y  and 
ii^nfiblc;  hec  manner  poliihcd  and  en- 
gaging. This  amiable  girl,  who  is 
of  a  good  family  and  has  a  moderate 
fortune,  was  courted  by  one  Sullivan 
to  whom  flie  gave  very  little  encou- 
ragement }  hut  his  vifits  being  coun- 
tenanced by  her  mother,  fhe  received 
him  with  h^r  natural  chearfulncfs  and 
good-Jiumour.  At  length,  urged  by 
the  violence  of  paflTion,  he  broke  into 
her  niother's  houfe  at  the  dead  time  of 
the  night,  and  taking  her  forcibly  out 

JuRc,  1768, 


Story  of   Sullivak. 


313 


of  bed,  earned  her  off,    placing  her 
before    him  (aimoft    naked)   upon  a 
horfe,  in  Ipight  of  her  tears,  outcries, 
and    renilauce.      The    place    he    had 
prepared  for  her  reception  was  an  old 
unfrequented     callle,     about    twenty 
miles  from  Corke,    in  a  defolate,  un- 
inhabited part  of  the  county  of  Li- 
merick; and  here,  with  the  afliftance 
of  fome  favage  <vafals,  he  fatiated  all 
the  rage  of  his  brutal  appetite.     The 
place  of  his  retreat  being  found  out, 
the  caftic  was  inveftcd  by  the  (heriffof 
the  county,  aflittcd  by  a  party  of  the 
army.     Sullivan    was    aaually    fool- 
hardy enough  to  attempt  to  tiefend  it, 
and    feveral    (hot    were    exchanged, 
without  any  perfon  being  hurt :  The 
placfc  being  at  length  taken  by  aflawlt, 
he  endeavoured   to   make    his  efcape 
through  a  back-door,  but  was  purfued 
and  taken.     The   unhappy  lady  was 
found  in  a  neighbouring  field,  conceal, 
cd  in  a   kind  of  arbour,  which   had 
been  built  for  the  purpofe  :  She  was 
covered  with  leaves,  had  fcarcely  any 
cloathing,    and    was  half    dead  with 
fear,  cold,  fatigue,  and  ill-ufage.  She 
had  been  conduced  hither  on  the  firit 
approach    of   Lord  L'Ifle    (who  waf 
then  high-ftieriff )  and  forbid  to  move 
on   pain  of  death.     Sullivan  was  lodg- 
cd  in  Corke  goal;  and  an  indiftmcnt 
being  found  againft  him,  he  was  tried, 
conviaed,  and  fcntenced  to  be  hanged: 
A   punifliment    which   he  afterwards 
fuffered,  but  which  was  greatly  inade- 
quate to  the  flagrancy  of  his  cime. 
Lord    L'Ifle   attended    the  execution 
in  perfon,   at  the  head  of  a  regiment 
of  horfe,    to  prevent  a  refcue  which 
was  threatened.    During  the  courfe  of 
the  trial.  Lord  Chief  Juftice  Caulfield, 
with  infiiite  benevolence  and  a  warm 
reprimand,  over-ruled  one  of  the  pri- 
foner's  council,    who  endeavoured  to 
throw  this  amiable  woman  into  confu- 
fion,  by  a  queftion  both  impertinent 
and  indecent.     "  Aflc  your  own  heart 
(fays  this  good   old  man)  if  any-one 
who  had  the  feelings  of  honour,   or 
the  leaft  touch  of  ct>mpaflion,  could 
ever  think  of  putting  fuch  innocence 
and  fo  much   beauty  to  the  blufh  ?" 
Before   fcntence  was  pronounced    on 
the  prifoner,  he  begged  leave  to  aflc 
the  young  lady  one  queftion,  which  was 
tiiis  :  Madam,  matters  havt  been  carri- 
ed againft  me  with  a  very  high  hand ; 
they  are  now  come  to  an  extremity, 
R  f  which 


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3 '4 


W    I    L    D    M    A    N 


June 


which  it  is  in  your  power  to  palliate » 
If  you  will  marry  me,  the  court  may 
perhaps  confider  the  cafe  in  another 
light,  and  fave  my  life."  "  Sir,  (an- 
fwered  this  injured  woman,  with  a 
fpirit  of  refolution  void  of  rancour 
and  free  from  bitternefs)  «*  if  I  loved 
you  to  diftra^lion,  I  would  not  ftir 
a  (lep  to  fave  yonr  life ;  the  punifh- 
ment  you  are  about  to  fuffcr  will  never 
reftorc  my  blafted  honour,  but  it  may 
ftand  at  an  example  for  protecting 
innocence  hereat'icr  from  villainy/* 
Every  confiderate  pcrfon  mull,  I  think, 
applaud  her  refohition,  and  agree 
with  me  in  this  fentiment,  that  her 
image  (hould  be  ercfled  in  the  temple 
of  Virtue,  as  the  guardian  of  the  pri- 
vileges of  her  fex,  and  the  fcourge  of 
favage  and  illiberal  pafTtons. 

I  am>  Sec. 

Of  the  Methods  praSiifed  for  taking  tbe 
ICax  and  Honey ^  luitbout  deftroying  the 
Bees. 
From  Mr.  Wildman's  Treatife  of  the 
Management  of  Bees,  juft  publiftied. 
"  Q  EMOVE  (fays  Mr.  Wildman) 
Jtv  the  hive  from  which  you  would 
take  the  wax  and  honey  into  a  room 
into  which  admit  but  little  light,  that 
k  may  at  firft  appear  to  the  bees  as  if 
it  was  late  in  the  evening.  Gently  in- 
vert the  hive,  placing  it  betvreen  the 
frames  of  a  chair,  or  other  fteady  fup- 
poit,  and  cover  it  with  an  empty 
bive,  keeping  that  fide  of  the  empty 
hive  raifed  a  little  which  is  next  the 
window,  to  give  the  bees  fufHcient 
light  to  get  up  into  it.  VVhUe  you 
hold  the  empty  hive  fteadily  tupport- 
«d  on  the  edee  of  the  full  hive,  be- 
tween your  iide  and  your  left  arm, 
keep  ftriking  with  the  other  hand  all 
round  the  niU  hive  from  top  to  bot- 
tom, in  the  manner  of  beating  a  drum, 
fo  that  the  bees  may  be  frightened  by 
the  continued  noife  from  ail  quarters  ; 
and  they  will  in  conftquence  mount 
out  of  the  full  hive  into  the  emptv 
ene*  Repeat  the  (Irok^s  rather  quick 
than  itrong  round  the  hive,  till  all 
the  bees  are  got  out  of  it,  which  in 
general  will  be  in  about  five  minutes. 
It  is  to  be  obferved,  that  the  fuller 
the  hive  is  of  bees,  the  fooner  x\xty 
will  have  left  it.  As  foan  as  a  number 
of  them  have  got  into  the  empty  hive, 
it  (hould  be  raifed  a  little  from  fhe 
full  one  that  tbe  beei^niay  not  con- 
4 


tinue  to  run  &om  one  to  the  other, 
but  rather  keep  afcending  upon  one 
another. 

So  foon  as  all  the  beet  are  out  of 
the  full  hive,  the  hive  in  which  tbe 
bees  are  mutt  be  placed  pn  the  ftand 
from  which  the  other  hive  was  taken, 
in  order  to  receive  the  abfent  bees  ai 
they  return  from  the  field. 

If  this  is  done  early  in  tbe  fea(bn. 
the  opei'ator  (hould  examme  the  royal- 
cells,  that  any  of  them  that  have 
young  in  them  may  be  faved  as  well 
as  the  combs  which  have  young  beet 
in  them,  which  (hould  on  no  account 
be  touched,  though,  by  fparing  them, 
a  good  deal  of  honey  be  left  behind. 
Then  take  out  the  other  combs,  with 
a  long,  broad,,  and  pliable  knife,  fuch 
as  the  apothecaries  make  ufe  of.  The 
combs  (hould  be  cut  from  the  fides  and 
crown  as  clean  as  poiTible,  to  fave  the 
future  labour  of  the  bees,  who  muft 
lick  up  the  honey  fpilt,  and  remove 
every  remains  of  wax  \  and  then  the 
fides  of  the  hive  (hould  be  fcraped 
with  a  table-fpoon,  to  clear  away 
what  was  left  by  the  knife.  During 
the  whole  of  this  operation,  the  hive 
(hould  be  placed  inclined  to  the  fide 
from  which  the  combs  are  taken,  that 
the  honej  which  is  fpilt  may  not  daub 
the  remaining  combs.  If  fome  combs 
were  unavoidably  taken  away,  in 
which  there  are  young  bees,  the  parts 
of  the  comb  in  which  they  are  fhould 
be  returned  into  the  hive,  and  fecured 
by  (ticks  in  the  bcft  manner  pofiiblc. 
Place  the  hive  then  for  fome  time  up* 
right,  that  any  remaining  honey  may 
drain  out.  If  the  combs  are  built  in 
a  diredion  oppofite  to  the  entrance, 
or  at  right  angles  with  it,  the  coroba 
which  are  the  furthelt  from  the  en- 
trance are  to  be  preferred  ;  becaufe 
there  they  are  bcft  ftored  with  honey, 
and  have  the  feweft  young  bees  in 
them. 

Having  thus  fini(hed  taking  the  wax 
and  honey,  the  next  bufine(s  is  to  re- 
turn the  bees  to  their  old  hive  j  and 
for  this  purpofe  place  a  table  covered 
with  a  clean  cloth  near  the  (hind, 
and  give  the  hive  in  which  the  bees 
are  a  fudden  (hake,  at  the  fame  time 
ftriking  it  pretty  forcibly,  tbe  bees  will 
be  (haken  on  the  doth.  Put  their 
own  hive  over  them  immediately, 
i-aifed  a  little  on  one  fide,  that  the 
bees  may  tbe  more  -eaijly  enter,   and. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I  yds. 


OF    BEES. 


when  all  are  entered,  place  it  on  the 
ftand  as  before.  If  the  hive  in  which 
the  bees  are,  be  turned  bottom  up- 
permost and  their  own  hive  be 
placed  over  it,  the  bees  will  immedi- 
ately afcend  into  it,  efpecially  if  the 
lower  hive  ii  ftruck  on  the  fides  to 
alarm  thenu 

As  the  chief  objeft  of  the  bees, 
during  the  fpring  and  beginning  of 
the  fummer,  is  the  propagation  of 
tticir  kind  ;  honey,  during  that  time, 
is  not  colle^ed  in  fucb  quantity  as  it 
ia  afterwards  j  and  on  this  account  it 
is  fcarccly  worth  while  to  rob  a  hive 
before  the  latter  end  of  JuVie ;  nor  is 
it  fafe  to  do  it  after  the  middle  of 
July,  left  rainy  weather  may  prevent 
their  reftorin^  the  combs  they  have 
loft,  and  laying  in  a  ftock  of  honey 
fufHcient  for  the  winter,  unlefs  there 
is  a  chance  oi  carrying  them  to  a  rich 
pafture. 

When  we  have  reviewed  the  various 
means  made  ufe  of,  both  by  the  an- 
cients and  moderns,  in  taking  honey, 
it  appears  fomewhat  furprifing  that  a 
method  fo  fimple  as  the  above  did  not 
occur  to  them  i  and  efpecially  that 
M.  de  Reaumur  did  not  think  of  ex- 
tending, to  general  ufe,  what  he  had 
frequently  pradifed  in  the  courfe  of 
bis  experiments.  It  feems,  he  did 
not  reflet  on  the  efte6ts  of  the  fear 
imprefted  on  the  bees  by  the  con- 
tinued noife,  and  how  fubfervient  it 
renders  ,tbem  to  our  wills :  Indeed, 
to  fuch  a  degree  that,  afford  them  but 
a  quiet  retreat,  they  will  remain  long 
attached  to  any  place  they  are  fettled 
upon  ;  and  will  become  fo  mild  and 
tra£^AbIe,  that  they  will  bear  any 
handling  which  does  not  hurt  them, 
without  the  Jeaft  fliew  of  refentment. 
On  thefe  occafions,  their  only  deiire 
feems  to  be  a  wifti  to  avoid  fuch  ano- 
ther difturbance  as  has  reduced  them 
to  their  pre  fen  t  forlorn  ftate.^  A  per- 
fon  who  has  familiarifed  himfelf  to 
bees  can,  by  means  of  the  pafDon  of 
fear  thus  imprelTed  upon  them,  and 
by  that  dexterity  in  the  management 
of  them,  which  can  only  be  acquired 
by  pra^icei  I  fay,  fuch  a  perfon  can, 
in  this  iituation,  manage  the  bees  as 
he  pleafes. 

Spe6lators  wonder  at  nty  attaching 
the  bees  to  different  parts  of  my  body 
(Seeourvo].J766,p.4.86.  54.6.}  and  wifh 
much  to  be  pofrei]R:dof  tlie  fecret  means 


3^S 


by  which  I  do  it.  I  ha?c  nnwanly 
promifed  to  reveal  it  $  and  am  there* 
fore  under  a  neceffity  of  performing, 
that  promile:  But,  while  I  declare 
tliat  their  fear,  and  the  Queen,  are 
my  chief  sgents  in  thefe  operations,  I 
muft  warn  ray  readers  that  there  is  an 
art  ncccffary  to  perform  it,  namely, 
practice,  which  I  cannot  convey  to 
them,  and  which  they  cannot  fpeedily 
attain  ;  and  yet,  till  this  art  is  attain- 
ed, the  dcftru6iicn  of  many  hives  of 
bees  muft  be  the  conlequence  j  as 
every  one  will  ijnd  on  their  firft  at-* 
tempt  to  perform  it. 

Long  e;tpcrieiice  has  tanght  me, 
that,  as  foon  as  I  turn  up  a  hive,  and 
give  it  fome  raps  on  the  fides  and  bot- 
tom, the  Queen  immediately  appears, 
to  know  the  caufe  of  this  alarm  5  but 
foon  retires  again  aihong  her  people. 
Being  accuftomcd  to  fee  her  fo  often, 
I  readily  perceive  her  at  the  firft 
glance;  and  long  pradice  has  enabled 
me  to  fcize  her  inftanily,  with  a  ten- 
demefs  that  does  not  in  the  leaft  en*- 
danger  her  perfon.  This  is  of  the 
utmoft  ivnportancej  for  the  leaft  in- 
jury done  to  her  brings  immediate  de- 
ftru6tion  to  the  hive,  if  you  have  not 
a  fpare  Queen  to  put  in  her  place,  at 
I  have  too  often  experienced  in  my 
firft  attempts.  When  pofl'effcd  of  her, 
I  can,  without  injury  to  her,  or  excit- 
ing that  degree  of  refentment  that 
may  tempt  her  to  fting  me,  (lip  her 
into  my  other  band,  and,  returning 
the  hive  to  its  place,  hold  her  there, 
till  the  bees  mifting.her,  are  all  on 
the  wing,  and  in  the  utmoft  confufion* 
When  the  bees  are  thus  dlftrefted,  I 
place  the  Qneen  wherever  I  would 
nave  the  bees  to  fettle.  The  moment 
a  tew  of  them  di(cover  her,  they  give 
notice  to  thofe  near  them,  and  thefe 
to  the  reft }  the  knowledge  of  which 
foon  becomes  fo  general,  Uiat  in  a  few 
minutes  they  all  collect  tbemfelves 
round  her ;  and  are  fo  happy,  in  hav- 
ing recovered  this  fole  fupport  of 
their  ftate,  that  they  will  long  remain 
in  quiet  in  their  fituarion.  Nay,  the 
fcent  of  her  body  is  fo  attractive  of 
them,  that  the  flighteft  touch  of  her, 
along  any  place  or  fubftance,  will 
attach  the  bees  to  it,  and  induce  them 
to  purfue  any  path  ihe  takes. 

My  attachment  to  the  Queen,  and 
my  tender  regard  for  her  precious 
life,    makes  mc  moft  ardently    wiih 

R  r  a  that 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3i6 


A     CURIOUS    NOTF 


that  I  might  here  clofe  the  detail  of 
this  operation,  which  I  am  afraiH, 
when  attempted  by  unfkilfLU  hands, 
will  cod  many  of  their  lives  $  but 
my  love  of  truth  forces  me  to  de- 
clare, that  by  praAice  I  am  ar- 
rived at  fo  much  dexterity  in  the 
management  of  her,  that  I  can,  with- 
out hurt  to  her,  tie  a  thread  of  (ilk 
round  her  body,  and  thus  confine  her 
to  any  part  in  which  fhe  mi^ht  not  na- 
turally wifli  to  remain:  Or  I  fome- 
times  m(c  the  Icis  dangerous  way  of 
clipping  her  wings  on  one  fide/' 

To  the  F  R  I  N  r  E  R,    &c. 

1SEND  you  an  extract  of  a  letter 
from  Algernon  Sidney,  to  Henry 
Savile,  ambailador  in  France,  with  a 
note  relating  to  it,  as  they  appear  in 
the  laft  edition  of  A.  Sydney's  works. 

When  thofc  works  were  publi/hcd, 
1763,  the  Monthly  Reviewers  obfcrv- 
ed  upon  the  note,  '*  We  cannot  now 
indeed  aik  where  is  the  law,  where  is 
the  authority  for  guards  ?  But  we 
have  known  it  annually  debated,  the 
necfjity  of  them.  Of  late,  however, 
the  point,  alas!  feems  to  be  given 
up."    I  am.  Sir, 

Pro  Repvblica  semper. 
Runing  Mead,  June  5. 

" — The  next  important  point  like- 
ly to  be  purfutd,  is  to  profecutc  the 
J.ift  week's  vote,  that  all  tbcforas  noiu 
in  England,  except  the  trained  bands, 
nucre  kept  up  contrary  to  lanv ;  and  tho' 
it  was  objected,  that  the  king's  guards 
and  the  garrifons  of  Portfmouth  and 
other  places  woi»lH  be  included  \  it  was 
ianfwercd,  that  Kings  governing  jujfly 
according  to  laiv  had  no  mtd  0/  culto- 
dia  corporis  j  and  that  it  was  better 
to  have  no  garrifons  at  all,  than  fuch 
as  were  commanried  by  Leggc,  Holmes, 
and  their  peers." 

[Sir  Robert  Atkins,  in  his  remarks 
on  Lord  RuHcll's  indictment,  wherein 
the  attempting  to  feize  and  dejiroy  the 
hinges  guards,  nvds  laid  as  an  o'vert  att 
of  treafon.  **  The  guards,  what  guan!&? 
(fays  he)  what  or  wiiom  Joes  the  law 
tinderftand,  or  allow  to  be  the  king's 
guards,  for  the  prefcrvntion  of  his 
perlan  ?  Whom  (hall  the  court  tliat 
tried  this  noble  lord,  whom  iliall  the 
judges  of  the  hw  that  were  then  pre- 
fent  and  upon  their  oaths,  whom  ihall 
they  Jiidg<!  or  K  gaily  uiulerftand  by 
thcife  -  guards  ?    They  never  read    of 


June 

them  in  all  their  law  books.  There  it 
not  a*y  ftatute  law  that  makes  the 
leaft  mention  of  any  guards.  The 
law  ^f  England  takes  no  notice  of  any 
fuch  guards ;  and  therefore  the  in- 
dictment is  uncertain  and  void. 

The  king  is  guarded  by  the  fpecial 
protection  of  Almighty  God,  by  whom 
he  reigns,  and  whofe  vicegerent  he  is. 
He  has  an  inviilble  guard,  a  guard  of 
glorious  angels. 

Non  eget  mauri  jaculis,  nee  arcu. 
Nee  'venenaiis  gravida  fagittis 
(crsde,)  pbaretra. 
The  king  is  guarded  by  the  love  of  hit 
fubjeCts,  the  next  under  God,    and  the 
furefl  guard.      He  is   guarded  by  the 
law  *and  the   courts  of  juftite.     The 
militia  and  -the  trained  bands  are   hift 
legal  guard,  and  the  whole  kingdom*! 
guard.     The   very  judges   that    tried 
this  noble  lord,  were  the  king's  guards, 
and   the  kingdom's  |ruards  J    and  thit^ 
Loid  RufTeli's  guard  againft  all  erro-* 
neous  and  imperfed  indiCtment,  from 
all  falfe  evidence  and  proof,  from  all 
■ftrains  of  wit  and  oratory  mlfapplied 
and  abufed  by  council. 

What  other  guards  arc  there  ?  We 
know  of  no  law  for  more.  King  Hen- 
ry Vn.  of  this  kingdom,  as  hiftory 
tells  us,  was  the  firft  that  fet  up  thfe 
band  of  penfioners.  Since  this,  the 
yeomen  of  the  guard.  Since  them, 
certain  armed  bands,  commonly  now- 
a-days,  after  the  French  mode,  called 
the  king's  life  guard,  rid  about,  and 
appearing  with  naked  fwords,  to  the 
terror  of  the  nation  5  but  where  is  the 
law  ?  where  is  the  authority  for 
them  ?" 

See -Parliamentary  and  Political 
TraCh,  by  Sir  Robert  Atkuis, 
Lord  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exche- 
quer.] 

'   Dublin- Cajlle,  l/lay%T, 

TH  I  S  day  his  excellency  the  Lord 
Lieutenant  went  in  lUte  to  the 
hniife  of  peers,  and  gave  the  royal  af- 
fcnt  to  feveral  bills. 

And  then  his  excellency  was  pleafed 
to  !n:\ke  a  fpeech  to  both  houies  of 
pafiinment,  which  is  as  follows  : 

Mv  lords  and  gentlemen, 
'y  HE  advanced  (eafon  of  the  year, 
•■■  and  the  extraordinary  length  of 
your  atrcndance,  male-  it  neceflary  for 
ynii  to  return  to  your  Icvcral  countries 
as  Icon  as  pcfliblt. 

Amongft 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Amongft  the  many  good  laws  which 
have  been  pafl'ed,  it  was  with  particu- 
lar fatisfa^ion  that  I  gave  the  royal 
ailent  to  that  for  limiting  the  duration 
of  parliaments:  Hit  raajefty's  graci- 
ous condefcenfion  to  his  Aibje^,  in 
that  inftance,  calls  for  the  warmeft  re- 
turns of  gratitude  and  afFe^ion ;  and 
I  truft  it  will  be  productive  of  th« 
moft  fubftantial  and  permanent  advan- 
tages to  the  kingdom  in  general. 

Gentlemen  ofthe  houfe  of  commons^ 

I  am  commanded  to  thank  you,  in 
bis  majcft)t:s  name,  for  the  fupplies 
which  have  been  granted  to  fiipport 
the  prefent  eftablifliment ;  and,  you 
may  be  aflbred,  they  (hall  be  applied, 
with  the  utmoft  frugality,  to  the  pnr- 
pofes  for  which  they  were  intended. 
My  lords  and  gentlemen, 

That  the  inconvcniencies,  which 
unavoidably  attend  a  general  election, 
may  be  as  little  felt  as  poHible,  his 
mDJefty,  in  his  paternal  goodnefs, 
bath  commanded  me,  with  all  conve- 
nient fpeed,  todilVolvethe  prefent  par- 
liament, and  to  iiTue  writs  for  calling 
a  new  one  as  foon  as  the  ufual  and 
conftitutional  courfe  of  proceedings  in 
like  cafes  will  permit. 

But  his  majefly  will  not  put  an  end 
to  this  parliament,  without  having 
-firft  thanked  you  for  the  many  emi- 
nent proofs  which  you  have  given 
him  of  your  inviolabU  fidelity  and  at- 
tachment to  his  perfon,  family,  and 
govern  nent :  Nor  can  his  maje(ly  in 
the  leaft  doubt  of  receiving  frefh  marks 
of  the  fame  afTeCtion,  loyalty,  and 
^eal,  in  the  choice  of  reprefentatives 
at  the  i>ext  general  election. 

I  recommend  it  to  you,  moft  ear- 
nellly,  that,  by  your  example  and 
authority,  you  do,  in  your  fcveral  fta- 
tions  preferve  that  good  order,  and 
due  execution  of  the  laws,  fo  peculiar- 
ly necefTary  at  this  time. 

And  that  you  do  by  your  firmnefs 
and  prudence,  difcountenance  the  re- 


Spe^cb  to  the  Irifti  Parliament. 


3^7 

peated  attempts,  which  have  been 
made  by  falfe  reprefentations,\to  alie- 
nate the  affections  of  the  people  \  to 
fill  their  minds  with  groundlefs  jeaJoa- 
fies;  and  ftir  upunjuR  complaints. 

I  return  you  my  warmerc  acknow-^ 
led^ments  for  the  very  honourable  and 
obliging  manner  in  which  you  have 
exprelTed   your    approbation    of  my 
condu6Vy  and  I  defire  you  will  be  aiTu- 
red  that  my  beft  endeavours  (ball,  up- 
on every  occa(]on,    be  uniformly  and 
ftrenuoufly  exerted  to  promote  the  in- 
tereft  and  profperity  of  Ireland. 
And  then  the  Lord  Chancellor  de- 
clared, that  it  was  his  excellency 
the    Lord  Lieutenant's  pleafure. 
That    this    parliament    be  ^  pro- 
rogued to  the  14th  day  of  June 
next ;  and  the  parliament  was  ac- 
cordingly prorogued  to  the  14th 
day  of  June  next. 
Dubltft'Caftle,  By  the  Lord  -  Lieutenant- 
General  and  General  Governor  of 
Ireland, 
A    P  RO  C  LAM  AT  ION. 

Town  s  h  e  n  d 
WHEREAS  hfs  majeftv  hath  (igni- 
fied  unto  us  jiis  royal  plea(ure,  that  the 
prefent  parliament  of  this  kingdom, 
which  now  ftands  prorogued  to  the 
fourteenth  day  of  June  next,  be  forth- 
with diiTolved. 

Wb  the  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland, 
in    obedience   to    his  majefty^s  com- 
mands, do  publi(h  and  declare  that  the 
faid   parliament  be,  and  accordingly 
the  faid  parliament  is  hereby  didblved. 
And  the  lords  fpiritual  and  temporal, 
and  the  knights,  citizens,  and  burgef- 
fes  of  the  houfe  of  commons,  are  dif- 
charged  from  their  meeting  and  atten- 
dance on  the  faid  14th  day  of  June 
next. 
Given  at  his  Majcfty*8  Caftle  of  Dub- 
lin, the  aSth  day  of  May,  1768, 
By  his  majefty's  command, 

Frbderick  Campbell. 
God  fave  the  King. 


THE     BRITISH     THEATRE. 


WHENEVER  a  new  performance 
of  the  dramatic  kind  makes 
its  appearance,  there  is  fcarce  an  indi- 
vidual who  has  the  leaft  pretenfion  to 
literary  taite,  that  is  not  defirous  of 
^nowine  fomethirg  about  the  fable  on 
'i^rhfch  ^c  is  built,  ami  the  reception 


which  it  meets  from  the  public  ;  and 
indeed  when  we  confidcr  the  infinite 
pains  which  are  neccflary  in  the  pro- 
duftions  of  the  theatre,  when  we  re- 
ile6t  upon  the  exquifiie  nicety  with 
which  the  various  parts  of  fuch  a 
work  muit  be  put  together  to  form  one 

capital 


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?i8 


The   British    Theatre. 


June 


capital  latale,  the  folicitude  which  we 
fliew  ab^ut  theatrical  pieces  it  highly 
natural  j  a  good  play  is  univerially  al- 
lowed to  be  an  extraordinary  effort  of 
genius,  and  it  if  alfo  univerfally  al- 
lowed that  nothing  has  Co  ftrong  a 
tendency  either  to  contribute  to  our 
entertainment,  or  to  promote  our  in- 
ftruflion. 

During  the  courfe  of  the  laft  month 
Mr.  Foote  has  exhibited  a  new  piece 
at  his  theatre  in  the  Haymarket  with 
▼ery  great  fuccefs,  under  the  title  of 
€'be  Devil  upon  t*wo  Sticks,  It  muft  ba 
allowed,  that  in  this  performance  the 
]>robabiIity  of  plot  is  very  little  attend- 
ed to,  and  that  no  extraordinary  re- 
gard is  paid  either  to  the  diction  or 
die  fentiment — but  at  the  fame  time  it 
muft  be  confefled,  that  the  produc- 
tion in  queftion  it  replete  with  plea* 
fantry,  and  that  it  is  admirably 
calculated  to  exercife  our  rifible  facul- 
ties, if  we  ma^  not  compliment  it  with 
any  extraordinary  power  to  improve 
o.ur  under  (land  iags. — Mr.  Foote,  how- 
ever, it  a  genius  of  a  particular  na- 
ture, and  as  the  public  never  require 
more  than  a  laughable  entertainment 
at  hit  handt,  his  writingt  are  not  to 
be  examined  with  the  unreiaxin^  brow 
of  critical  feverity.  —  The  principal 
perfons  and  performers  are 

The  Devil,  Mr.  FooU, 

Invoice,  Mr.  Maboott, 

Laft,  Mr.  fT/ftaa. 

Sir  Tho.  Maxwell,   Mr.  Gardimr. 
Apozem,  Mr.  Caftlt. 

Julep»  Mr.  Morgan, 

Dr.  Saxafras,         .  Mr.  Jickiu, 
Mi  ft    Harriet^       "J 

daughter  to  Sir  vMifs  EdnuareU, 

Tho.  Maxwell,  J 

The  fcene  of  this  piece  in  the  firft 
a£t  is  Madrid,  in  thefecond  and  third 
it  is  laid  in  London. — The  plot,  if  it 
can  be  called  a  plot,  is  this;  Sir 

Thomas  Maxwell  is  the  Engliih  conful 
at  Madrid,  and  has  a  daughter  (Har- 
riet) who  is  fecretlyin  love,  and  car- 
ries on  a  clandeftine  correfpondcnce 
with  Invoice,  a  merchant's  clerk — ^ 
Sir  Thomas,  who  fufpe^^s  the  affair,  is 
juftly  oFFended  at  his  daughter's  indif- 
crctioii,  and  being  infoi^mcd,  that  the 


young  fellow  is  adually  in  her  room, 
prepares  to  chaftife  him  for  his  info^ 
lence,  and  threatens  to  confine  Mi  fit 
Harriet  in  fuch  a  manner,  as  (hall  ef- 
fedlually  put  an  end  to  their  courtfhip. 
•^Her  aunt,  however,  who  is  a  ftayncU 
friend  to  liberty,  condemns  the  tyran- 
nical part  (he  fays  he  is  a^ing,  telU 
him  that  Harriet  is  a  free-born  £ng- 
IKhwoman,  and  declares  the  girl  it 
perfectly  right  in  refifting  every  ap« 
pearance  of  his  arbitrary  govern- 
ments—Sir Thomas  in  vain  expof- 
tulateswith  her  on  the  manifeft  dif<» 
ference  between  the  prevention  of  a 
daughter's  mifcondu6^,  and  the  in- 
fra^ion  of  a  fellow- fubjed*s  freedom  ; 
the  patriotic  declaimer  continues  her 
public- fpirited  mode  of  argument, 
and  teizes  her  brother  in  fuch  a  man- 
ner, that  Invoice  has  time  to  make  hit 
efcape  with  Harriet,  out  of  a  window 
into  an  adjoining  houfe,  before  Sir 
Thomas  can  force  open  the  room. 

The  houfe  into  which  the  loverf 
make  their  efcape  is  a  chymid^t, 
where,  upon  their  entrance,  they  are 
alarmed  with  the  voice  of  a  priibner* 
who  calls  out  to  Invoice  for  aififtance, 
and  tells  him  he  is  corked  up  in  « 
large  bottle.  Invoice  breaks  the  hot- 
tie  immediately,  and  the  prifoner  ap« 
<  pears  to  be  the  Dc'vil  upon  tnxjo  Sticks^ 
who  has  been  confined  to  his  glaHy 
habitation  by  the  chymift,  the  mader 
of  the  houfe.— On  the  DeviPs  enlarge- 
ment a  very  whimfical  converfatioa 
takes  place  upon  the  law,  but,  it  be- 
ing  necefiary  for  the  lovers  to  remove 
out  of  Sir  Thomas's  reach,  the  Dr- 
vil,  as  a  return  for  the  fcrvice  he  has 
received,  conveys  them  in  a  few  mi- 
nutes to  England.— This  terminatec 
the  firft  aa. 

THE    SECOND 

Opens  with  the  Devil  informing  In- 
voice and  Harriet  of  the  late  diden- 
fions  between  the  phyficians  of  Lon- 
don.—In  the  courfe  of  this  informa- 
tion he  tells  them,  that  there  is  to  be 
a  grand  meeting  of  the  college,  imme- 
diately, at  Warwick-lane,  and  that 
he  himfelf  is  to  perfonate  the  prefident. 
After  this,  Laft,  a  fhoemaktr,  is  in- 
troduced, who  acquaints  the  Devil, 
now  in  the  chara<^er  of  a  phyiician,  that 
he  is  the  fevenih  fon  of  a  feventh  Ton, 
that  he  pra^ifes  medicine  with  great 
fucceft  in  the  country,  and  that  he  is 

going 


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1768. 

Jjoing  to  the  college  to  obtain  a  licence 
or  the  more  regular  exercife  of  his 
abilities — concluding  his  information 
with  an  account  of  having  opened  a 
jremleman*s  <w/^r^  with  his  iancelot, 
who  lately  dropped  down  in  a  fit  of 
ferpiixitvt  and  aflerting  that  this  mode 
of  praaice  is  infinitely  better  than 
bleeding  in  the  juggUrs. 

IN  THE   THIRD   ACT 

The  licentiates  make  tbeir  appear- 
ance, and  confult  in  what  manner  the 
college  may  be  beft  attacked.  After 
which  the  fcenc  changes  to  the  college, 
where  the  Devil  fits  preiident,  and 
Laft  is  elevated  on  a  ftool,  to  under- 
go a  regular  examination.— 'Among 
other  queftiont  it  is  aiked,  How  a 
tooth- ach  is  to  be  cured  -■  to  this 
he  replies,  i?j  pulling  out  the  tootb.^—^ 
The  prcfi dent  fag^'ly  obfcrves,  that  the 
method  i    '  'adical  one-— and 

then  enq\iires  now  nc  would  remove  a 
pain^  in  the  bowels— Laft  anfwers, 
by  applying  «  hot  trenebtr  to  thi  part 
i^eSed,  but  that  if  this  application 
fhould  prove  ineffeflual,  he  would  ad- 
mi  rtifter  a  vomit  and  a  purge.  The 
prefident  highly  applauds  the  pra6Hce9 
and  obferves,  that  when  a  diforder 
has  gained  poiTeilion  of  any  particular 
part,  it  is  the  bufine(s  of  a'  wife  phy- 
iician  to  open  both  doors,  as  the  ipee- 
dieft  way  of  diflod^ing  the  cnenjy.— - 
In  this  whimfical  ftram  Laft  fini(het 
bis  examination,  to  the  great  fatisfac- 
tion  of  the  college,  and  is  prefented 
with  a  very  ludicrous  licence  by  the 
clerk. 

The  bufinefs  which  the  fellows  next 
enter  upon  is  the  infurre^iion  of  the 
licentiates,  who,  as  the  prefident  is  in- 
formed by  various  meCengers,  have 
attacked  the  college  in  form.- -The 
prefident  gives  fpirited  orders  for  re- 
pulfing  the  aflTaiiants,  but  before  vic- 
tory has  declared  herfelf  on  either  fide, 
a  fubpoena  in  the  form  of  a  manifefto 
arrives  from  the  licentiates,  and  the 
battle  is  adjourned  to  be  finally  deter- 
mined in  VVeftminfter- hall.— The  on- 
ly circumftance  now  remaining  is  to 
provide  fome  probable  means  of  fub- 


The  Devil  on  Two  Sticks, 


319 

fiftence  for  Invoice  and  Harriet.— 
The  obliging  Devil  finds  himfelf  un- 
der a  necemty  of  returning  to  the 
magician  at  Madrid,  and  therefore 
can  only  afiift  them  with  his  advice— 
however,  after  propofing  feveral  expe- 
dients, he,  at  laft,  propofes  that  they 
(hould  try  their  fortunes  as  performers 
at  the  theatre  in  the  H'av -market,  and 
fays  there  can  be  no  doubt  of  their 
fucceeding,  if  the  public  fhews  them 
but  half  the  indulgence  with  which 
they  have  been  generouily  pleafed  to 
honour  the  manager. 

Thus  ends  this  almoft  utterly  uncon- 
nected-, yet  highly  entertaining  med- 
ley; in  our  opinion  it  is  eq^ual  to 
any  of  Mr.  Footers  productions  in  this 
way,  and  we  are  particularly  pleafed, 
that  notwithftanding  feveral  of  the 
characters  are  drawn  from  real  life, 
there  is  nothing  malignant  in  the  pic- 
tures.—The  republican  lady,  who  is 
defigned  for  a  celebrated  female  hifto- 
flan,  the  prefident  of  the  college,  and 
the  Irifhman,  the  Qnaker,  and  the 
Jew  among  the  licentiates,  are  all  well 
known,  and  form  a  contraft  inconceiv- 
ably diverting.— •^•Upon  the  whole^ 
Mr.  Foote  feems  extremely  fortunate 
in  the  prefent  production,  which  \% 
conftantly  exhibited  to  a  very  full 
hoafe.— Yet  we  are  apprehenfive  that 
fome  of  his  methodiftical  enemies  wiU 
attack  him  on  account  of  the  cataftro- 
phe,  and  tell  him  that  none  but  a  De- 
vil indeed  would  advife  people  to  go 
upon  the  ftage.  ■  -With  regard  to 
the  merit  of  the  performers,  it  is  but 
juftice  to  allow  it  confiderable.— — 
Mr.  Foote  is  hirofclf  entitled  to  great 
applaufe  in  the  various  difguifes  he 
puts  on.— Mr.  Wefton,  in  Laft,  is  ini- 
mitable, and  if  we  may  judge  from 
the  little  fpecimen  which  Mifs  Edwards 
gives  of  her  abilities,  we  venture  to 
pronounce  that  (he  will  one  day  prove 
an  acquifition  to  the  theatre.— -We 
cannot  conclude  this  account  without 
mentioning  that  a  new  tragedy  is 
preparing  for  reprefentation  at  Mr. 
Footers  of  which  we  (hall  give  as  ear- 
ly an  account  as  po(nble  to  our 
readers. 


SANDY. 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


320  SANDY.  June 

A. favourite  new  Scotch  Air,  fung  by  Mrs.  Baddily  at  VauxhalL 
Set  to  Mufick  by  Mr.  Potter. 


Andantu 


..-ki^ 


The      lift       time      I      went       to      the      fair,   I        met    m) 


faithful  San  -  dj    there.    He         left     his  m^tet  aod        flew 


^S^^S^ 


^^  «.^       /^    /^^N        fw  ^ 


to       'me.       And     kifc'd      my      hand     witn  mcr-ry     glctj  'Ihcil 


led         me         forth  be     -     neath         the     vale,  And     Mve         me 


r]El 


■^- 


fweet  -  mcati     cakes        and  ale,     Where     all 


tbe 


-B^. 


^^^^ 


ly      fpcnt     the         live     -     long 


vil     -     hge       gay     ..    Jy      fpcnt     the         live    -     long  night 


zz^fi^ 


^m^^^^ 


n     -     mcnt- 


fej:p:Tj|^^ggi 


Not 


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P6BTICAL  Essays  in  Ji/me,    1768. 


321 


IVot  til  the  Udt  I  daily  fee 
Wifh  S*nHy,  c«n  compared  be  t 
He  it  the  moft  a€CompUft*d  youth. 
For  Tirtue,  ianoccncc,  «nd  truth  : 
Hit  locks  arc  as  the  raveh  black 
In  flowing  li^glets  down  bii  back } 
With  rofj  checks  and  face  To  neat. 
And  coral  lips  which  kifs  fo  fwcet. 


Nil  cot  IS  ijiated  Dy  a  mijl. 

Adjoining  to  a  chryflal  rill ; 

U^on  whofe  verdant  xn&rgin  creep, 

(So  fweet  to  view)  bis  flock  of  iheepi 

Next  Eafterday  *left  ill  betide. 

He  *as  pronnit*d  I  ihall  be  his  bride  j 

Among  the  jfwains  alas  how  few. 

Like  Sandy  are  fo  kind  and  true. 


POETICAL     ESSAYS. 


f)n    hit   tnoM   BIRTH-DAY, 
By  ihi  iatt  Hawkins  Browne,  £/f ; 

NO  W  fix  and  thirty  Vapid  years  are  fled. 
Since  I  began,  nor  yet  begin,  to  litej 
Pain'nl  rcfleaion !  to  look  back,  I  dread. 

What  hope,    alas!    can  looking  forward 
give  1 
Day  Mrges  day,  and  year  fucceeds  to  year, 

While  hoary  age  fleals  unperceiv*d  along ; 
SoAmer  is  come,    and  yet  no  fruits  appear 

My  joys  a  dream,  my   works  an  idle  fong. 
Ah  me  !  I  fondly  thought,  Apollo  (hone 

With  beams  propitious  on  my  natal  hour  | 
Fair  was  my  morn,  but  now  at  highett  noon 

Shades  gather  roundj    and  clouds  begin  to 
low*r« 
Yes,  on  tby  natal  boar,   the  God  repliet, 

I  ibooe  propitious,  and  the  Mufet  fmiFd; 

Blame  not  the  powVs,    they  gave  thee  wings 

to  rife,  [guil  d. 

But  eart^  thou  lo«*ft,    by  low  delights  be- 
P^efling  wealth,  btjQod  a  poet*a  lot, 

Thou  the  dull  traekof  lucre  haft  preferred. 
For  contemplation  formed  and  lofty  thought, 

i*bou  meanly  miogleft  with  the  vulgar  herd. 
*rrtte  Bards,  fel(£t  and  facred  to  the  Nine, 

Liften  not  thus  to  plc^fure's  waibling  lays  | 
Kor  on  the  downy  couch  of  eafe  recline. 

Severe  their  live*,  abdcmioss  arc  their  days. 
Oh  !  born  for  nobler  endr,  dare  to  be  wife, 

-Tis  not  e'en  now  too  late,  alTcrt  thy  claimj 
Rugged  the  path,  that  leads  up  fo  the  flties. 

But  the  fair  guerdon  is  immortal  fame. 

Om  a  Fit  tf  the  GowTi 
Bj  the  Same* 

WHEREFORE   was  man  thus  form'd 
with  eye  fublime. 
With  aftive  joicts  to  traverfe  hill  or  plain. 
But  to  contemplate  nature  in  her  prime, 

Lord  of  this  ample  worH,  his  fair  domain? 

Why  on  this  various  earth  luch  beauty  pour'd; 

But  fur  thy  pleafure,  man,  her  fov'reign  lord  } 

"^Why  does  the  mantlthg  vine  her  luice  afford 

Ne^areous,  but  tb  cheer  with  cordial  tafte? 

Why  are  the  earth  and  air  and  ofean  ftor*d 

With  bcaft,   fifli,  fowij    ^f  jjoi  for  man's 

rcpaa  ? 
June,  i;68« 


Yet  what  avails  to  nte,  or  tafte  or  flght, 

ExilM  from  every  objed  of  delight  ? 

So  much  1  feel  of  angoiib,  day  and  night 

TortorM,  benumb*d  \  in  fain  the  fields  to 
range 
Me  vernal  brceret,  and  mild  fun*  invito. 

In.  vain  the  binquet  fmokes  with  kindly- 
change 
Of  delicacies,  while  on  every  pTate 
Pain  lurks  in  ambulh,  and  alluring  fate. 
Fool,  not  to  know  the  friendly  powers  create 

Thefe  maladies  in  pity  to  mankind  t 
Thefe  abdicated  rc-ifon  reinftate 

WKen  lawlefc  appetire  ufurps  the  mind  5 
Heaven's  faithful  c^^ntries  at  the  door  of  blifl 
Plac'd  to  deter,  or  to  chnftife  excefs. 
Weak  is  the  aid  of  wifdom  to  rq)rcfs 

Paflioa  perverfc  \  philofophy  how  vain  I 
'Cainft  Circe's  cup,  enchanting  forcere  s  { 

Or  when  the  (yrtft  fingi  her  warbling  drain* 
Whatc'er  or  fages  teach,  or  bards  reveal, 
Men  flill  at£  men,  and  learn  but  when  they 

feel. 
Aa  in  fome  free  and  well-pois*^  common- 
weal 

Sedition  warns  the  rulers  how  to  fleer, 
Asilorms  and   chundeis,  ratling  wi(h  loud 
peal. 

From  noxious  dregs  the  dull  horizon  clear| 
So  when  the  mind  imbrutes  in  flolh  lupine. 
Sharp  pangs  awake  her  energy  divine. 
Ceafe  then,  oh  ceafe,  fond  mortals  to  rcp'ne 

At  laws,  whieh  Nature  wifely  <lid  oidain  j 
Pleafune,  what  is  it?  rightly  to  define, 

'Tis  but  a  (hort-liv'd  inteival  from  pain  I 
Or  rather,  each,  alternately  rcnew'd. 
Give  to  our  hves  a  fwcet  vicifluude. 

PROLOGUE,  J^kat  ^^  Afr.  PoWiLt,  at 
the  Cltfing  of  the  Ihratre  Rvral  in  Coven t 
Gardci),    on  Suurday,    June  4,     he>n^  tU 
Anni^erfary  cf  hit  Majtfiyt  Btrth-Day. 
Written  hy  GEORGE  COLMAN. 

LE  T  us,  'ere  yet  we  finifli  oor  career. 
And  clofe  the  labouis  of  the  circling 
)eLar, 
Due  iiom  'go  to  our  royal  mafter  pay. 
And  bail  with  plaudits  this  aufpitious  day  1 
His  bitth  difllnguirti'd  this  illuftnous  morn  t 
His  birth,  who  ooaHs  ht  %uai  a  Briton  botn* 
S  i  Tyrant! 


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Poetical  Essays  in  June,    1768. 


322 

Tyranti,  whofe  vtHali  tremble  and  obey. 
Feel  the  poor  triumphs  of  defpotic  fway: 
The  hated  fovereign  with  impcrioui  awe, 
IfTucs  his  cdids,   and  procla  ms  them  law; 
While  fuperftidon.  grim  and  favagc  maid. 
Rivets  the  cruel  fetters  law  has  made. 

Empire  like  this  a  Brttifb  king  difdains  : 
0*cr  a  tree  nation,  which  he  loves,  he  reigns; 
The  monarch's  pow*r  upholds  the  people's 

right, 
And  liberty  and  loyalty  onilc. 

Thrice  happy  Britaio,    on  whofe  fea-girt 
idc,  [fmilc  ! 

Freedom   and    commerce,    guardian- angels, 
O  may  each  fubje£l  with  his   hionarch  prove 
The  virtuous  raptures  of  hit  country's  love  ! 
Hail,  like  his  king,  each  hippy  native  mom; 
And  boaft,  like  him,  he  was  a  Briton  horn  /, 

A  SONG,    ufVA  CHORUS,    as  funi 

tffRANXLAGH,    1768. 

A  Truce  with  elcdlions  and  politicks  too. 
What  have  we  with  their  buiUe  and 
,  aonfenfe  to  do  ? 
This  dome  w  ^s  the  temple  of  concord  defign'd ; 
Of  innocent  mirlh  and  of  plcafure  refin'd. 
And  I  am  a  pricflcfs  attending  the  tane, 
Ajid  will  not  he  call'd  to  the  office  in  vaio. 
Come,  come  then  away,  ye  young  and  ye  gay, 
Set  joy  on  the  wing,    tor  what  month  in  the 

fpring 
It  fo  lively  and  merry  as  May  ? 

CLorus.   Come,  come  then  away,  &c. 
Hail  feafon  delightful,  by  poets  rcnown'd. 
With  l^ing-cups  and  inow-drops  and  daffodUt 

crowii*d ! 
Sweet  May  ever  fmiliog,  whofe  prefence  in- 

fpires 
AH  nature  with  tender  and  chearful  defires  5 
Come,    mother  of  laughter  and  love,    come 

along, 
And  all  thy  fo*t  influence  join  to  my  fongt 
And  come,  come  away,  yc  young  and  ye  gay. 
Set  joy  on  the  wing,    tor  no  month  in  the 

fpring 
Is  fo  lively  and  merry  as  May, 

Cborut,  And  cotre,  come  iway,  &c« 
Caft  your  eyes  all  around,    look  above  and 

below,'  [a  beau ; 

Every  bi  ^  is  in  bloflum,  drefs'd  out  like 
The  birds  fill  with  rnufic  the  trees  and  the 

bow'rs,  .  [flowVti 

While  earth'sverdantcozt  is  embroider'd  with 
The  Tun  with  new  Udtc  appcAr^  on  his  car. 
And   at   eve   the  faii  atmofphere  brightens 

eac!i  ftsr. 
Come,  come  then  awiy,  ye  young  and  ye  gay. 
Set  j  >y  on  the  wing,    lor  no  moatli  in  the 

fpring 
Js  fo  I  vtly  and  merry  as  May. 

Chorus.  CorA^i  come  then  away,  &c. 
Take  the  hint  f n  m  thofc  object?,  both  wo- 
man and  man, 
And  imitate  nrur^  as  clofc  as  jpu  c4n  : 
iihe  fniilcr,  and  (ha  dreffcs,  a,lc(Ton  to  yoti,^ 
Ye  youth  and  ye  fair,  and  cries  out  do  Ut  too^ 
5 


te  chearftil,  gocd-hua)OUt*d,  call  forth  ev^ff 
•grace,  [is  the  place. 

And  when  you  wouIJ  (hew  yourfelvcs  thi« 
Come,  come  then  away,  yc  young  and  ycgay. 
Set  joy  on  the  wing,  for  wh^t  month  in  tbm 

«P«ing 
Is  fo  lively  and  merry  as  May  ? 

Chorus,    Come,  come  then  away,  &c» 

Om    opining   Spaikg-Garpzms,    Vauz* 

HALL,    1768. 

I. 

HERE  Flora's  temple  fccm*d  to  fhine. 
When  Handcl*s  ftrains  were  hentd  di- 
vine. 
And  Hayman*s  pencil  feem*d  to  glow  ; 
When  Wright,  fweetfyten!  with  her  lor^ 
All  captivating,  could  prolong 
The  hour  of  joy,  and  baoiih  wos* 
II. 
Then  round  this  fair  Elyfian  fpot. 
Near  Handtl's  dome,  and  Milton's  giot. 

The  lyric  and  the  vocal  founds 
In  concord  fweetly  were  combin'd  j 
The  graces  w  ith  the  mufes  join'd  : 

But  now  they  cca'c  their  fcftite  rounds* 
III. 
Why,  Plea  Tore,  doft  thou  droop  thy  head  ? 
•*  The  gen'roos  Tycrt,  alas  !  is  dead. 

The  patron  of  the  Mufes  train.*' 
Why,  Harmony,  i^oft  thou  repine  ? 
"  Will  tuneful  Arnc  no  more  be  mine. 
To  grace  this  fpot  with  mufic*s  ftratn  ?** 

LOVE   and  RESOLUTION^ 

ji  Mtw  Cantata. 

Sung  by  Mr,    Lowe.     T'be  Hoards  hy   Mr^ 

fioycc, 

Recitativi. 

TH  E  month  was  May,  the  birds  began 
to  fing. 
The  valleys  laugh,  and  Flora's  beauties  fpring; 
Up  Tofe  the  fun,  hke  happy  bridegroom  gay; 
All  nature  fmifd  to  greet  the  new-born  d4y;. 
When  Damon  drove  his  Aeecy  care  alonf^ 
Peace  warm'd  his  beait,  content  infpit'd  hit 
fong. 

All. 
Whence  the  cares  of  bufy  life. 
Gloomy  thought,  and  inward  Arilie  ^ 
Some  at  wild  ambition  aim, 
O.hers  pant  for  wealth  and  fame  j 
Or  for  beauty  rave  and  figh. 
Let  'ena  do  fo :— What  care  I  ? 

RtCIT* 

Cupid,    whofe  pow'r's  triumphant  o*er  the 
mind  [blind. 

Who  ne*er  was  deaf,  tbo'  poet's  paini  hin 
Attentive  heard  the  floic  <hephrrd*s  ilrain, 
Refolv'd  to  prove  phiiofophy  was  vain  ; 
Juft  hud   he  fpoke  wh^  Delia  ilruck.  hia 
fjghr, 
'r  Delia  like  Pallas  vifc,  like  Venus  bright ; 
He  gaz*d,  he  p:)us*d,  a(loni(h*d  ac  her  charms. 
And  thus  coni'cfi  the  fotce  of  iote*s  ahiros» 

Al«« 


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Poetical  Essays /»  June,  1768 


Ais. 
Shdl  the  heart  that  hap  vow*d  to  be  free^ 

Be  entangled  by  beauty  at  laft  f 
Ah  !  we  nfver  the  future  can  Tee, 

We  know  orly  the  prefeot  and  paft  1 
Ye  gay  flirpherdi,   deride  not  my  flame^ 

For  III  conquer  its  pow*r  if  I  can  j 

<^«clc,  as  fuddcn  as  lightning,  it  came, 

And^  aUa>  Vm  no  more  than  a  man  ! 

Recjt. 

Hjs  AraiR  was  pious,  pen  five,  folemn,  flow. 

He  foothM  himfelf,  and  ngh*d— It  mud  be  lo. 

Air. 
Then  he  pIuckM  up  hia  courage,  and  fpake 
to  his  heart. 
To  keep  it  diverted  of  forrow  ; 
Ke*er  doubt  fimple  thing,  but  we'll  manage 

our  part, 
f(  we  can,  we*ll  be  martied  to  morrow. 

To  a  goy  young  Lady, 

WHILE  you,  gay  nymph  j  in  fearch  of 
pleafure  rove 
Thio'  all  the  haunts  of  ga  lantry  and  love, 
Make  drefs  your  (ludy,   beauty  all  yoar  care. 
And  place  your  merit  in  a  form  that^s  fair  j 
ReBsct  how  frail  the  tranfitory  gracf. 
Which  booms  in  youth  aad  bloflbms  on  a 

face: 
Ev*n  in  the  rpring  of  life  .your  bloom  ii  gone. 
And  half  your  beauties  fled  at  twenty-one  ^ 
What  yet  remain  too  quickly  will  decay. 
The  lilies  droop,  the  rofes  die  away  ; 
Soon  from  th<tt  form  each  tranflent  charm 

will  fl', 
And  cv'ry  fparkle  vanifh  from  your  eye; 
While  you,  neglected,  feek  in  vain  to  pleafe, 
Drag  hte  along,  or  pine  in  foie  difeafe. 
Alas,  how  lod  !  while  thus  you  heedlcfs  run 
^0  certain  woe,  and  feek  to  be  undone  ; 
S«ift,  thro*  the  How'ry  paths  of  vice,  purfuq 
Your  prcfeni  joy,  but  future  ruin  too  : 
Life's  better  part  thus  gaily  fport  away, 
A*  p^tBon   prompts  and  pleafure  points  the 

wAy. 
But  what  can  pleafe  when  all  defire  is  deid, 
Your  lalte  of  joy,  and  ev*ry  fenfe  ia  fled? 
What  can  fupport  the  folitary  hour. 
When  ev  ry  fading  charm  has  loft  its  pow*rj 
The  lonefome  room  without  the  wiih'd-for 

gueft. 
The  circling  glaflfet  and  the  midnight  feafl; 
Wnen  health  and  fame  to  their  lafl  periods 

tend. 
And  yottVe  without  a  lover  or  a  friend  ? 
What  vice  fuftains,  too  feebly  will  fuftain 
Old  age,  that  comes  with  infamy  and  pain  : 
Virtue  alone  the  firm  fupport  can  give, 
Retrieve  your  fame  and  make  your  mem*ry 

live : 
More  real  joy  than  profp'rous  vice  impart. 
Smooth  the  knit  brow,  and  chear  the  droop- 
ing heart. 
Then  fly,  while  yet  you  may,  the  fatal  fnare, 
^nd   thtnk  that  future  lile  is  worth  your 
care ; 


3^3 

On  a  precarious  gain  no  longer  build, 
But  xeap  the  fruits  which  induftry  will  yield; 
Learn  to  br  picas *d  without  the  aid  of  fcnfe, 
Be   blcfs'd   with  health,    with  peace,    and 
competence. 

On  the  Death  o/  Y  O  R  I  C  K. 

WITH  wit  and   genuine   humour   to 
difpel, 
From  the  defponding  bofom,  glooming  care* 
And  bid  the  gufhing  te^r,  at  the  fad  tale 
Of  haplsfs  love  or  filial  grief,  to  flow, 
From  the  full  fympathiiing  heart,  were  thine 
Thefe  powVs,   O  Sterne  !    But  now  thy  fate 
demands  [hearfe, 

(No  plumage  nodding  o*er  the  emblazon*d 
Proclaiming  honours,  where  no  virtue  fhone) 
Bur  the  fad  tribute  of  the  heart  felt  figh. 
What,  though  no  taper  caft  its  deadly  ray. 
Or  fhe  full  choir  flng  requicn-.s  o*er  thy  tomb« 
The  humbler  grief  cf  iViendfhip  is  not  mute. 
And  poor  Maria,  wi(h  her  faithful  kid. 
Her  aubuin  trcUcs  carclcfijy  cntviin'd 
With  olive  foliage,   ar  the  clofe  of  day 
Shall  chant   her   plainti\c    vcfpers   at   thy 
grave.  [night. 

Thy  (hade  too,  gentle  monk,  *mi<l  awful 
Shall  pour  libations  from  its  friendly  eye  \ 
For  crft  his  fweet  benevo'eoce  befiow'd  ' 
Its  generous  pity,  and  bedew*d  with  teari 
The  fod,  which  refted  on  thy  aged  breafl. 
Temple,  March  25.  My  £yz« 

LineSf  af>plicabU  to  the  Death  of  W.  AUeo, 
juii,frjm  a  Ver/Jxcation  of  Fart  of  the  yb 
^60*  ©/"Telcmachus. 

SOME  fierce  infernal  hand  fure  flruck  the 
blow  [low ! 

Which  laid   that  early  flow'r  of  manhood 
Breathlefs  and  pale  the  youth  all  proflrate  lay. 
While  flreams  of  goie  the  copious  wound  be- 
tray j 
Then  all  the  fpriogs  of  life  their  courfe  for- 
bore. 
And  left  their  mazy  rounds— to  run  no  more : 
Thofc  living  orbs,    or  windows  of  the  fojl. 
Now,  dim  with  death,  in  vain  eifay  to  roll, 
Half-fhur,  they  view  with  pain  the  powerful 

light, 
Ediple,  and  fade  in  everlafling  night ; 
Htt   quivering  limbs  with   mortal    angoiih 

ftretch^d. 
Then,  laft,  a  foul-expiring  figh  he  fetched. 

So  in  the  vernal  held  a  hlly  grows, 
Whofe    virgin  white  out-vies    the    wintry 

fnowB  'y 
The  morn  prelenta  it  in  its  blooming  pride. 
Gay,  fweet  and  fpark  ling.  asayQuthful  bride; 
E'er  ooon  arrives,  by  fome  rafli  hand,  'tistorn, 
Whofs  loiis  the  fad  furviving  fiflert  mourn. 

T  S 
EPIGRAM.*' 

SURE  juftice  now  is  at  an  end  ; 
For  how  can  power  go  further? 
Since  Englifhrnen  are  kept  in  jayl ! 
And  Scotchmen !  bail'd  for  murther  ! 

%   Z   %  £XTEMPOtS% 


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3^4 


Poetical  Essays  i;i  June,  1768. 


Ex T  X If  r OR  t*    By  a  Youth  at  School. 

TH  E  law  may  bail,  without  much  bliXQe 
Where  n^urd^r**,  but  fufpe£led  \ 
But  no  juft  judge,  wili  bail,  for  (bamf^ 
Impiety  conviOed  !— 

^CoNvi>fDitVM>  hy  the  fame  Boy* 

,  ^I^O  the  Derll*a  delight^if  you'll  pin  t 

6F  thtt  whif:h  the  men  of  moft  merit  tbhor  i 

With  a  vice,  which  tflfe  libcrtj  ever  tttendi ; 

Add  that,  oil  which  bather  for  linng  de- 
pend!. 

To  thefe  a  difeafe,  which  fpringt  out  o*  hrlly 

AbA  the  dcvil'a  6rft  Aamr^  you'll  a  devil  ct- 
cell 

'  Their  initi^li  coinbin'd  will  prefent  a 
worfjp  evjl,  [Devil ! 

Than  n  Ward,  or  a^Wa^ert,  a  Charuct,  Or 

OV^fir  thi  ICING*S  ^IRTH  DAY. 
By  W.  WhitiReao,  EJq\  pott  laureate 

PR^PA|IE»  prepare  your  fongi  of  praife  I 
The  genial  month  returns  again, 
^er  annual  riles  when  Britain  pays 

To  her  own  monarch  of  the  main. 
Not  on  Phoenicia's  bending  (hore, 

>ybence  commerce  firft  her  wings  e0ay*d 
^nd  darM  (h*  \infathom*d  deep  explore^ 

Sfncerer  vows  the  Tyrian  paid  • 
To  that  imaginary  deity, 
Who  bade  him  boldly  feize  the  empire  of 
thefea. 

What  tho*  no  Tiftim  bull  be  led. 

His  front  with  fnow- white  fillets  boupd. 
Nor  fable  chaunt  the  neighing  fteed 
^  That  iflTued  when  he  (mo^e  the  ground, 
Our  fields  a  living  tncenfe  breathe  ( 

'  Nor^Libands  nor  Carmel's  brow 

To  drefs  the  bower,  or  form  the  wreathCf 

*  More  liberal  fragarce  could  beflow  \ ' 

We  too  have  herds  and  ftecds,   be  fide  the 

rills  [fand  hills'. 

That  feed,  and  rove  protefied  o'er  a  thou. 

'Secure,  whilft  George  the  (cepter  fways, 

(  Whom  willt  whom  intercfl^  and  whom  dutv 
draws       ...  ' 

To  teoerate  and  patconiie  the  |aws) 

Secure  her  open  front  docs  fteedom  raife, 
>  Secure  the  merchant  ploaghs  the  deep^ 
His  wealth  his  own  t  Secure  the  fwiint 
.   Amidft  their  rural  treafores  deep. 

Lords  of  their  little  kingdoms  of  the  plains^ 
Then  to  hh  day  be  honour  given ! 
May  every  choiceft  boon  of  heaven 
His  bright  diftinguiih'd  reign  adorn ; 

*Till«  white  as  ftriiain'a  ^eece,  OM  Tim« 
ihall  (hed  '' 

Hie fiotowt ipon  hit  reverend  head, 

Copinnanding  ftlial  awt  fsom  fenatet  yet  oii« 


Jnfcriptiqu  in  fin  Arhour, 

COME,  gentle  >tr,— my  bowet  in  bl«»ora 
Re'tuiiM  the  jefTi.ine'i  brra'th  Wthiae| 
Returns  the  rofc's  f^efc  perfume. 

And  incenfe  from  the  eglantine. 
Gome,  gentle  air! — but  bring  along, 

While  Sirius  darts  bis  fierced  fire, 
With  thc^  the  muTc,  with  ihi-c  the  fong. 

With  thee  the  rwcctnefs  of  the  fyr^. 
y^hen  thou  art  gone,  O  gentle  air ! 

And  ftorms  fucceed  tby  b^loiy  pow*^ 
The  lyre  can  charm,    though  winter  tear 

My  tendrils,  and  ^efitoy  my  bow*r. 

ji  FABLE:   From  Mr,  Ga  r, 

A  Tree,  'tis  faid,  at  Aylc/b'ry  grew, 
'As  tall  as  dak,  as  tough  as  yew  : 
The  woodmen  faw,   with  envious  eyc^ 
His  cdfted  glories  tifing  high. 
This  tree,   cry  they,    U)e  reft  will  top. 
And  though  we  may  not  fell,  we'll  lop« 
A  thOufand  Mlfs  are'ftrait  pVcpar^dj 
But  foon  they  fi^d  the  work  too  hard  | 
Un'hurl  it  ftood  each  founding  flpke;' 
Their  arms'  it  tir'd,  their  tools  jt  broke  f 
At  length  one  /hook  his  wlH^r  head, 
And  thuf,  his  bill  thrown  by,  he  faid, 
•*  Ye  fools,  ybbr  labour  vain  forbear. 
This  tree  deferves  the  woodmens  care  } 
See  how  its  friendly  branches  fpread,  ' 
In  fttltry  funs  to  be  a  (hade  \ 
And  when  from  driving  rainS  yon  fiy, 
Tbisihelier  will  be  always  nigh  ; 
Its  growth  with  pleafore  rather  view. 
It  grows  not  for  iifelf  but  you.  ** 


TH E  following  is  the  infcriptlon  for  th« 
pedefial  of  *  the  grand  obeiiik,  now 
eroding  in  the  public  market-place  at  Deie* 
bam  in  the  county  of  Norfolk. 

LiBERTATX    RlViaiSClNTl 

■     ■      -s.-' 

S I J  A  N  o  adulatore  feptenti ionall 
Cladem  Reipublicz 

medltante ; 

Geilti  A-nglitabae, 

cui  mazime  infenfu^  erat, 

per  fept^m  annos  graviter  iocumbente  | 

R«  optimum  arroganti  nim  sfacilenl 

^  falleiite,  ludentej 

Pioceres  corrampefite ; 

Amicitias  primorum  difcindente| 

^'Pefte  nufquam  non  gralTante; 

£t|  Orem  miram  et  intredibilem  \ 

'  O  Facintis  inauditum  1 

'  Sdiatore  fortiffimo, 

qui  leges  patriae'  labefa£latas, 

in  feipfo  violatat, 
famma  cum  animi  magnitudine 
'  fafientarat, 

in  Exil  om  miflb, 
amaodato,  profcrioto* 

••    ^  H 


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1768.       rte  MONTHLY  CHRQNOLOGER.        325 


In  taK  ttntoqoe  rerum  difcrimine, 
XD  TARDUS    AjStl^ElUS^ 
Milet» 
aoA  }i  «u^'ft>1ccretioribat  cooHlUfy 

ftot  indof&iti*  catervii , 

iU  fir  motum  imeger,  fed  arbftii9t» 

fed  ftrcnaui^ 

ci^oi  ftrenoonim  aoxUio  ' 

Teivpvt  egereC  perquaoi  maxun^ 

LXCATUI     io     SfNATUM    VCOit 

NORFOLCIENSl  S5 

^^ofieatimtibot  booorum  omnium  fuffrtj^t^ 
rencgante  fervo  taotum  pecore, 

univerfo  populo  p)audcote« 

Ptante,    TaiuMVHANTX* 

Superbam  banc  coluiDQaoi» 

in  booorem   familiz* 

in  atemonam  fa£ti» 

Ltbiktatts  Vindices  acerrimi, 

Ct  virtues  pobiicx  cultoret  incorruptifiiint« 

CIVES    D£R£AM£^S£S, 

Una  Voce 


eztrui  volaeruot^ 
Anno  MDCCLXVIII. 

7#  tht  AUTHOR    •fthe  LONDON 

MAQ  A^^INE. 

SIR,'  U'&b,  April  1,  176S, 

AS  coofbt  from  cat<liiog  cold  are  fo  very 
comoooi  iet  me  recpmrneiMi  the  fol- 
lowing cbeap  and  pleafu9t  recipe,  u  a  good 
femedy  for  recent  oocs^  efpeci^  fpr  intanU 
and  young  periboi. 

fioil  half  a  pound  of  hbaey :  h«?iag  flcioi- 

med  it,  tnrow  therrin  one  lemon  with 

peel  and  all,    firft  cut  into  fh|n  flicei, 

which  boil  till  teodcri  towarda  the  end 

add  two    fciuplct    of    fa/Troo    dipped 

ftnali. 

The  patient  ii  to  eat  fome  of  tht  peel,  and 

t«ke  a  little  pf  the  fyrup  often  to  eafe  and 

CMtc  the  cough. 

J.  Cook* 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


TacasDAY,  April  28, 
Vf^'I^Vf  T  t"hc  anniteriary  feaft  of  the 
Ci^^^Cj  Small-pox -hofpital,  ysal,  werp 
5r    A    3r  *®'*'^***  **"  ^^'^  charity, 
jf  Yi        Satuxday,  30, 

f^^  •*^^  fix  backwardi,  were  confumed 
pj  fire  near  Whitechapel  church, 
,  Mpvp^Yf  May  *. 
Came  on  to  be  beard  before  hit  bo« 
pour  the  mailer  of  the  Rolit,  a  caafe 
wherein  the  proprictora  or  the  celebrated 
ppera  of  Lo^  in  a  Yiliage  were  plMntifft| 
mnd  a  printer,,  who  had  printed  and  pub- 
liibed  a  pirated  edition  of  the  faid  opera, 
Waa  defendant  $  when  hit  honour  wai  pleafed 
to  nuk^  a  decree  in  favour  of  the  plaintiffs, 
ny  Ranting  a  perpetual  injondioo,  and  obli- 
ging the  defendant  to  account  With  the 
plaintiAs  for  the  profiti  of  the  whole  number 
printed,  publi(bed,  and  fold  by  the  dcfen- 
danr,  although  the  opera  wu  npt,  ti|l  after 
the  printing  the  pirated  edition^  eoteied  a| 
$tationer*a  Hall. 

WxnNESOAT,  4. 

Charles  Pleafant*,  connmonly  called  Capt« 
Pkalants,  was  executed  at  Perby  for  forgery. 
TiivaspAT,  ^. 
At  the  Reheatlal  and  feaft  of  the  fons  of 
the  clergy  905 ).   19  s.  id.  was  coUeded. 
Monday,  16. 
At  the  anniverfaiy  feimon  and  feaft  of  the 
•fylomSil.  I09.   3d.  was  collet ed. 
WxoNxaDAY,   18. 
Sir  Robert  Darling*!  coach -houre  and  fta* 
^lea  at  Mile-£nd  were  confumed  by  li^ht* 


T11WRBDAY  19. 
About  ten  hoofes,  wtth  feveral  outhoulei^ 
wareheuici,  4cc.  were  confumed  by  fiie  at 
Dockhcad,  Soothwark. 

Monday,  x]« 
Four  houies  were  confumed  by  Bte^  at  Su 
^d|pundfi)ory,  Suftblk. 

WxDNKSOAYt   25* 

The  grinding  poMrder-mill  at  Ewell,  in 
3orry,  blew  up,  by  which  four  lit ei  were  loft* 
Thvkid/  y,  a6. 

Four  hoofes  were  confumed  by  fire  in  Ber* 
mon^/ey  ftreet,  Southwatk. 

FaiDAY,   27. 

Five  or  fix  hoofes  were  confumed  by  fire^ 
near  the  F^rry,  Roth^hith* 

The  Rt  Hon.  Tho.  Har)ey,  lord  mayor  of 
London,  was  fworn  of  th«  privy  council. 
Sat  pa  DAY,  June  4. 

An  boufe  waa  confumed  by  fire  in  Ber« 
SEU>ndrey  ftreet.  South  wark. 

WSONXSOAY,   8.       ^ 

This  morniog  at  eight,  Mr.  Wilkes  waa 
brought  from  the  prifon  of  the  King*s  Bench 
to  tl>e  court.  The  judges  came  about  nine. 
)c  bad  been  mentioned  the  laft  term,  that  a 
new  argument  was  defired,  and  that  new 
gruund  might  be  taken  for  the  reverfal  of 
the  outlawry.  At  the  Opening  of  the  court* 
Mr.  Wilkes  made  a  ftiort  fpeech,  that  he 
was  perfe^ly  fati»ficd  with  the  ftatc  of  the 
argument,  as  it  was  left  by  Mr.  Serjeant 
Glynn,  that  he  did  not  mean  to  ^uit  the  firm 
and  folid  ground  on  which  it  reOed,  and  wat 
perfuaded,  from  the  juftiee  of  the  court, 
that  his  outlawry  muft  be  reverfed.  The  at- 
torpey-general  then  in  fapport  of  the  out- 


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326        tbi  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.  June 


Uwry  entered  upon  a  verj  long  argument, 
to  which  no  one  of  Mr.  Wilkea*t  council  re- 
plied. The  judges  alcerwards  delivered  their 
opinions  very  fully:,  tod  vteic  unanimous 
that  the  outUwry  was  illegal,  and  moft  be 
rCYsrfed.  Their  lordfliips  dift'ered  at  to  rher 
reafons,  but  all  concurred  in  the  reverf^)^ 
and  the  irregularity  of  the  proceedings. 

The  attorney  -  general  then  demanded 
judgement  on  the  two  verdict.  Mr.  WiJlc  • 
de fired  to  avail  himfclf  of  feveral  poin  s  in 
arreft  of  judgement.  He  f*id,  that  when  he 
•had  the  honour  of  appearing  before  that  court 
on  the  2oth  of  April,  he  hdd  ftaced  the  cafe 
of  the  alteration  ot"  the  recoros  at  Lord  Manl- 
ilel(i*a  own  Houfe  ;  that  his  lord Oiip  had  re- 
plied }  but  that  hoMTcver  bis  iord/htp  had 
delivered  only  his  ovtrn  opinion  ;  and  the  opi- 
nion of  one  judgf,  however  diftinguiihed,  for 
great  ability,  was  not  the  judgment  of  the 
xourt,  which  he  defired,  and  fubmitted  to, 
and  begged  that  his  counfel  might  argue 
that*  and  fome  o  her  poi.us  of  importance,  tt' 
•  vcral  things  were  afterwards  mentioned  by  the 
actoroey- general  and  by  Mr.Wilkes's  counfel. 
At  laft  the  court  fixed  t{cxx.  Tuefday  to  debate, 
whether  both  verdi^ls  ought  not  to  be  fet 
aBde  on  the  objections  as  to  the  records 
having  been  altered,  and  that  the  informa- 
tions were  rot  filed  by  the  proper  officer, 
but  by  the  folicitor- general. 

On  the  9*h  in  the  afternoon  Mr.  Wilkes't 
counfel  and  folicitor  attended  hem  at  the 
fCing'i  Banch  prifon,  and  fettled  the  farther 
proc  ciings  agaioft  Lord  Halifax,  which  wae 
lii^p.-bded  by  the  outlawry. 

Tnt/asDAY,  9. 

No.  51  of  the  Noith-Bntora  was  read  by 
Mr.  Barlow»  clerk  of  the  crown  office,  in 
the  coMrt  of  King's  Bench  ^  when  Mr.  de 
Grey,  his  majffty*s  attorney-general,  moved 
the  court  tor  a  rule  to  fhew  jcaufe  why  an 
■attachment  fhould  not  ilfue  againft  Mr. 
Bingley,  for  puH  fhing  the  faid  paper,  which 
was  allowed.  On  Friday  the  rule  granted 
agatnll  him  for  the  publication  of  No.  50, 
was  made  'abfolute;  and  on  Saturday  the 
rule  againfl  No.  51,  was  alfo  made  abfolute, 
and  the  attachment  iffucd  accordingly.  On 
Sunday  Mr.  Bingley  was  committed  to  New* 
(ate. 

Satcri>ay,  II. 

Great  diforders  were  committed  by  the 
coalheavers  (moflly  Irifh  White  Boy«)  on  oc- 
cafion  of  the  faiirrs  taking  upon  them  to  per- 
form the  work  they  hai  refufed  (Sec  p.  227) 
killing  and  maiming  the  latter,  with  whom 
they  had  feveral  dcfpcrate  battles,  and  rob- 
bing and  pillaging  houfes,  &c.  abcut 
Shadwell,  whfre  feven  houfcs  were  burnt 
<k>wn,  about  the  fame  time.  On  the  twelfth 
a  party  of  the  guards  were  fent  to  quell  them, 
when  many  of  the  ringleaders  were  taken 
and  committed  to  pilfon,  to  abide  the  fen« 
tcnce  of  the  law  :  More  of  thefe  defperate 
IcUowi  have  been  fince  fecurcd  ai^  peace 


thereby  reftored  m  that  part  of  the  towa. 
(See  p  227,  280.) 

Was  tned  before  the  Right  Hon,  Lord 
M2nsfield,  at  Guildhall,  the  mafter  of  a  laic 
lockup-houfe  in  Cbaocery-lane,  on  an  in- 
o.^lrucnr,  for  a  confpir?cy  with  a  Middlefex 
juftice  (fince  deceofed)  to  envcigie,  kidnap, 
and  carry  out  of  this  kingdom  feveral  perfons* 
In  the  courfc  of  the  evidence  it  appeared 
that  greut  cruelticj  had  been  committed  on  a 
man,  unjuftly  confined  there,  by  beating  him 
With  the  thick  end  of  a  horle-whip,  &c.  and 
afterwards  carrying  him  away,  with  many 
others  in  the  dead  of  the  night,  under  a 
ilrocg  guard,  on  board  a  (hip  lying  below 
Gravefend,  and  on  the  deareft  evidence  was 
^  found  guilty.  The  whole  of  this  iniquitoui 
and  illegal  proceeding  was  firft  brought  to 
light  by  the  accident  of  one  of  thofe  poor 
unhappy  wretches  endeavouring  to  efcape  cue 
of  a  garret  window,  and  tailing  to  th^ 
ground  oae  evening,  juft  as  Mr.  Gines  waa  ^ 
paiTing  by,  who  with  great  public  fpirit  hat 
Very  laudably  taken  much  pains  to  bring  thif 
a^^air  to  light,  which  was  a  fcandal  to  hiuua* 
nity  in  a  coriftian  country. 

ToEtDAY,  14. 

Orders    were  itfued    for  the    change     of 
mourning  at  court,  on  the  rgth  inAai<t* 

About  hjlt  pafl  eight  o'clock  in  the  mori^- 
sng  Mr.  Wilkes  arrived  at  the  court  of 
Kiog'S-Bench,  WeflminOer-hall,  and  about 
half  an  hour  after  that  time  the  judges  came 
into  court,  when  the  arguments  oh  the  arreft 
of  judgment,  were  entered  00,  by  Mr. 
Attorney- General,  Mr.  Thurloe,  and  Sir 
Fletcher  Norton,  on  behalf  of  the  crown  { 
and  by  Mr.  Serjeant  Glynn,  Mr.  Recorder 
of  London,  and  Mr.  Davenport,  on  the 
part  of  the  defendant.  Mr.  Serjeant  Glynn 
entered  farther  than  he  had  before  done  on 
the  impropriety  of  the  iuformation  being 
fiitA  by  the  Solicitor- Geneial ;  but  the 
court  were  fo  clearly  of  cpinion  the  bufineff 
of  the  Attorney-General  (in  cafe  of  there 
being  a  vacancy  in  that  office)  mufl  necef- 
fjrily  devolve  on  the  Solicitor-General,  that 
ic  was  judged  ncedlefs  to  fay  more  on  that 
head.  The  whole  that  Mr.  Wilkes  then 
had  to  avail  himfelf  of  was  the  alteration  of 
the  record  ;  which  having  been  very  learn« 
edly  and  clsborately  canvaiTed,  the  court  de- 
clared themfclves  fully  of  opinion,  that  the 
alteration  of  tke  record  at  tiie  judges  cham- 
bers was  what  they  had  an  indilp^n/able  right 
to  in  the  courfe  of  prailifc.  After  this 
the  informations  againft  Mr.  Wilkes  were 
read}  and  Lord  Manefield  ftated  to  the  court 
the  evidence  as  it  ftood  on  the  former  trial ; 
when  Mr.  Attorney-General  and  Sir  Fletcher 
Norton  gave  thcr  opinions  in  aggravation  of 
the  cafe,  and  Mr.  Serjeant  Glynn  anfwered 
in  extenuation.  Mi.  Wilkes  then  defired 
that  judgment  might  be  paflTcd,  but  w«s  told 
liat^the  court  having  beard  the  opinion  of 
council  00  both  fides,  and  fome  material 
obfervations 


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1968.       ne  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


327 


obfervationf  ha?ing  been  offered,  it  was  ne- 
tc(Tuy  to  take  tb«re  into  confidcraiion  j  but 
Wat  alTured  that  though  no  day  could  then 
be  fixed  for  that  purpofc,  no  time  fhould  be, 
delayed  to  bring  it  to  an  iiTue. 
Saturday,  18. 

Orders  were  iHued  for  the  court's  further 
change  of  mourning,  on  Sunday  the  I'^th. 

In  the  morning  about  a  quarter  before  nine, 
Mr.  Wilket  came  into  the  court  of  King^s- 
bench ;  ahd  foon  after,  the  court  being  fat 
Mr,  Juftice  Yates,  after  enJarging  on  the 
sioaligoant  nature  and  dangerous  tendency  of 
the  two  publications  of  which  Mr,  Wilkes 
bad  been  cooviAed,  proceeded  to  pronounce 
the  judgment  of  the  court :  That  for  the  re- 
publicattoa  of  the  North- Britain,  No.  45, 
in  Volumes,  (of  which  two  thoufand  copies 
kadbeen  printed  for  public  (a\c)  he  Ihouid  pay 
a  fine  of  five  hundred  pounds,  and  be  impri- 
soned ten  calendar  months :  And  for  publi/h- 
ing  the  JElFay  on  Woman  (of  which  only 
twelve  copies  were  printed  for  the  private  ule 
of  fo  many  particular  friends)  that  he  fboutd 
pay  likcwife  a  fine  of  five  hundred  pound:, 
and  be  iioprifoned  twelve  calendar  tnooths, 
to  be  compuud  from  the  expiration  of  the 
term  of  tb^  former  imprifonnr.ent  i  And  that 
he  afterwards  find  fecurity  tor  his  good  beha- 
▼iour  for  frven  years,  himfelf  to  be  bound  ia 
the  fum  of  a  thuufaod  pounds,  and  two  fure- 
ties  in  five  hundred  pounos  each.— A  writ  of 
error  returnable  before  the  Houfe  of  Lorda 
was  afterwards  moved  for,  in  order  to  reverfe 
the  judgment,  00  account  of  the  alteration 
of  the  record;  and  the  court  recommended 
to  the  Attorney-General  to  grant  it  on  the 
£rft  application. 

In  the  evening,  was  pub'iftied  in  the  St. 
James*t  Chronicle,  Mr.  Wiike»*s  addrefs  10 
the  gentleman,  clergy,  and  treeholdcis  of 
the  coujity  of  Middleicx. 

GZNTLEMIK, 

AFTER  every  kind  ofoppoHtion  from  the 
tools  of  ininitterijl  power,  and  every 
hour  of  delay,  which  could  be  gained  by  the 
chicane  of  law,  I  find  myfelf  at  laft  happy, 
evea  under  this  day's  fevere  fentence,  that  by 
the  unanimous  determination  of  all  the 
judges  of  the  court  oi  king's  bench  I  am  refiored 
to  my  birth-right,  to  the  noble  liberties  and 
privileges  of  an  Englishman.  The  tat'ltnury^ 
which  is  now  reverfrd,  has  appeared  clear- 
ly to  be  an  ■*&.  of  e(}ual  injudice  and  cruelty^ 
from  the  very  beginning  erroneous  and  illegal. 
la  the  whole  progrcfs  of  min.flerial  vengeance 
againft  me  for  fevcral  years,  1  have  ihewn, 
to  the  conviAion  of  all  mankind,  that  my 
enemies  have  trampled  on  xhe  laws,  and  been 
actuated  by  the  fpirit  of  tyranny  and  arbi- 
trary power.  The  geniral  warratif,  under 
which  I  was  hid  apprehended,  has  been 
j udgcd  i lie ga  1 .  The  fiijure  cf  my  papfrt  was 
condemned  judicially. 

The  out-Utvryf   fo  long  the  topic  of  viru. 
lent  abufc  ii  at  laft  declared  to  have  been 


contrary  to  law;  and  on  the  ground  firft 
taken  by  my  learned  counfcl,  Mr.  Serjeant 
Glynn,  is  formally  reverfcd.  It  Hill  remains 
in  this  public  caufc  that  the  juftice  of  the  na- 
tion (hould  have  phce  againft  the  firtt  and 
great  criminal,  the  late  fecrctary  of  Hate, 
Lord  Halifax,  not  fo  much  for  the  punifh- 
ment  he  has  merited,  as  for  example  of  ter- 
ror to  any  prclent  or  future  minilier,  who 
might  otherwife  be  templed  to  invade  the 
facred  liberties  of  our  country.  I  pledge  my- 
felf  to  you  that  my  ftrongcft  efforts  fhall  be 
exerted  to  carry  this  through  with  a  fpiric 
and  firmnefs  becoming  an  affair  of  national 
conftqucncc,  yet  without  the  fmallefl  degree 
of  private  rancour  or  malice,  which  neither 
my  long  and  hard  imprifonment,  nor  the 
pa(l  provecations,  ihali  make  me  harbour 
<igain(t  any  mm. 

After  thsk  tedious  and  harfh  confiqement^ 
I  hope,  gen'kmen,  to  pafs  the  reft  of  my 
life  a  freeman  among  you,  my  countxynoen  j 
and  give  me  leave  to  declare,  that  on  every 
emergeacy,  whenever  the  rights  of  the  peo- 
ple are  attacked,  1  (hall  be  leady  to  Hand  for- 
ward, and  to  riik  all  for  what  is  oeaieft  to 
my  heait,  the  freedom  of  Eogland.  In  thig 
glorious  caufe  we  are  equajjy  engaged.  We 
have  only  one  common  mcereff,  that  of  our 
country,  its  laws  and  liberties,  and,  ii> 
confequence,  the  ptefervation  of  our  fove- 
reign  and  the  Brunfwick  line.  Thefe 
objc^s  we  W}11  f^eadily  puxfue,  and  freedom 
(hall  not  peri(h  annong  us,  neither  by  the 
treachery  and  corruption  of  mioiAecs,  nor  by 
the  fate  of  armf,  while  we  remain  men  audi 
£ngli(hmen. 

1  obferve  gentlemen,  in  the  f^eech  of  the 
lords  commiliioness  ac  the  opening  of  this 
pailiamenr,  {.hdX  no  matten  of  gcntral  bujineft 
are  to  ccme  on  this  fciLon.  Before  the 
winter  I  be^  to  be  honoured  with  ycur  com- 
mands for  the  next  feffioo  on  any  points  of 
importance,  which  yt  u  m^y  judge  proper  to 
be  fubm:ttcd  to  the  gre.it  council  of  the  na- 
tion, either  refpe^ting  the  kingdom  in  gene- 
ral, or  our  county  in  paitcul<r.  In  all  our 
common  conctrns  1  cncrcat  for  myfelf  your 
candour  and  indulgence,  of  which  1  leel  that 
I  (land  in  great  need  My  views  however 
will  be  approved  by  you,  for  they  fhall  be 
public'fpirited,  and  in  no  inllance  fclfiih  or 
partial.  I  would  not  for  a  moment  lie  under 
the  fufpicioo  of  a  mean,  [.rivate,  intcrtiQed 
.  plan  of  coudufl,  (rpcrfonal  ambition.  lam^ 
determined  to  reaia  n  entirely  independent^ 
unccrrupted,  even  unui^fjed  m  an  improper 
manner,  and  never  10  accent  from  the  crown 
either  place,  penlion,  gratuity,  cr  emolu- 
ment of  any  kind.  1  will  live  and  die  in 
your  feivice,  a  private  gentleman,  perfectly 
free,  under  00  coniroil  but  the  Itws,  under 
no  infiuence  but  yours,  *Tii  1  hope,  by  your 
favour  and  kindnefs,  one  of  the  leprrfenta- 
tivcs  in  p-^rliamcnt  tor  the  county  cf  Middle- 
fex,     On  thcl<  terms  o.ily  1  expe^  tbiough 

Ue 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


5*8  fhe  MONTHLY  CrillONOLOGEli;         June 


life  the  continuance  of  your  fupporty  at  well 
as  the  favourable  opinion  of  )ou»  and  all 
other  good  men,  the  friends  of  liberty  and  of 
sny  country. 

I  am,  wtih  gratitude  and  efteem^ 
Gentlemen, 
Ktng*t  Bench  Prifon,   Your  faithful  and 

Sat.  June  i%»     Obedient  humble  fervanf, 
John   Wilkes. 
WlDNESDAY,    ia« 

Several  old  buildings  were  confumed  by 
£re)  in  Chick-Lane. 

The  following  letter  has  been  warriily  at- 
tacked in  the  (>ublic  papers  i 

ORDERS,     PAROLfe  is  Wandfworth. 
7bt  Field  Offietr  in  tuain'njr  eft  hi  Foot'gudrdt 
received yefttrday  the  foiittifinv  ietter, 
SIR, Office,  May  II,  1768. 

HAVING  tbii  day  had  the  honour  of 
ncnttoning  to  the  '  the  behaviour  of  the 

detachments  from  the  feverat  battalions  of 
Foot'guardty  which  have  been  latdy  em- 
employed  in  aflifiing  the  civil  mtgiftrates  and 
preferving  the  public  peace,  I  have  great 
pleafure  in  informing  you,  that  his  ■  ■  ■■ 
highly  approves  of  the  condo£^ofboth  theof- 
^cers  and  men,  and  means  that  his  —  ap- 
probation (hould  be  communicated  to  them 
through  you.  Employing  the  troops  On  fo 
difagrecable  a  fervico'  always  gives  me  pain ; 
but  the  circumiVances  of  the  times  makes  it 
neceflary.  I  am  perfuaded  they  fee  that  ne- 
ceflity,  and  will  continue,  as  they  have 
done,  to  perform  jhelr  duty  with  alacrity.  I 
beg  you  wUl  be  pleafed  to  a(7iire  them,  that 
ryery  poffible  regard  (hail  be  Aewn  to  them  ; 
their  zeal  and  good  behaviour  opon  this  oc- 
cafion  deierve  it ;  and  in  ca/e  any  difagreea- 
ble  circumfVance  ihould  happen  tn  the  execu- 
tion of  their  dtsty,  they  ihall  have  every  de- 
fence and  prote£tion  that  the  law  can  autho- 
rize, and  this  office  can  give*  I  have  the 
koneor  to  be,  fir, 

Your  rooft  obedient, 

And  moft  humble  fervant, 

B 

Field- Officer  in  ftaflT  waiting  for 
the  three  regiments  of  foot  guards. 

Officers  for  guard  on  Saturday  next, 
Lieut.  Cul.  Groyn,  ice,  9^, 

By  his  majefty*s  ihip  Dolphin,  newly  ar- 
rived from  a  voyage  round  the  world,  we 
hear  that  they  have  difcovered  a  new  ifland 
in  the  South  Seat,  large,  fertile,  and  ex- 
tremely populous.  The  Dolphin  came  to  an 
anchor  io  a  fate,  fpaciout,  and  commodious 
harbour,  where  ihe  by  about  fix  weeks. 
From  the  behaviour  of  the  inhabi  an's,  they 
bad  leafon  to  believe  (he  was  the  fiiil  and 
only  flitp  they  had  everfeen. 

The  firft  day  thry  came  along  fide  with  a 
Bomber  of  canoes,  in  order  to  take  polTef- 
fion  of  her ;  there  were  two  div:fions,  one 
^ed  with  men,  and  the  other  wi^  women ) 


thefe  l^ft  endeavoured  to  engage  the  atten- 
tion of  our  failois,  by  expobng  their  beau- 
ties to  their  vi«w,  whilft  the  men  from  the 
canoes  tlirew  gieat  quantities  of  fiones,  by 
which  feveral  feamen  were  hurt}  however^ 
as  they  had  no  kind  of  weapons,  they  were 
ibon  beat  oif,  and  a  few  voilies  of  fmall  aroM 
obliged  them  to  retire  in  great  confufion. 

The  day  fcllowing  a  party  well  armed  Was 
fent  on  ihore  with  the  watering  cades,  and 
our  people  at  the  top  mail  hea<3i/  dtfcovered« 
by  the  help  of  their  glaileti  prodigious  num- 
bers of  the  natives  flockijig  fjom  ail  parts  to^ 
wards  the  watering  place,  in  order  to  fur- 
round  the  party }  upon  which  a  fighal  was 
made  for  them  to  copse  on  board  and  leave 
the  watering  calks.  This  was  no  fooner 
done,  than  the  Dolphin  was  attackod  by 
greater  numbers  than  the  day  preceding^ 
which  obliged  them  to  have  rccoorfe  to  the 
difagreeable  neceffity  of  firing  fome  of  their 
great  guns  at  them,  charged  with  grape-fhot  | 
and  fome  guns  with  ball  were  alio  fired  up 
the  country,  which  knocked  down  fome  of 
their  houfes,  felled  (eversi  trees.  Set,  and 
^ftruck  them  with  fuch  awe  that  they  now 
looked  on  our  people  as  more  than  human, 
fince  their  houfes  could  not  (belter  them, 
nor  diftance  take  them  out  of  the  reach  of 
our  (hot. 

They  immediately  (hewed  the  greateil  de- 
fire  of  being  at  peace  with  us,  and  did  noc 
feem  to  r^ent  the  killing  a  number  of  their 
people,  as  they  now  appeared  to  be  fenfible 
that  we  had  only  made  ufe  of  thofe  dreadful 
engines  againft  them,  when  iheir  ralhneft 
had  forced  us  to  it. 

We  took  pofleffion  of  the  idand  in  hit 
snajefly^s  name,  and  called  it  King  George*a 
Land.  It  lies  about  twenty  degrees  foutbern 
latitude.— During  the  remainder  of  our  fiay 
we  continued  to  trade  with  the  natives  in 
the  mo(l  amicable  manner,  giving  them  nails, 
buttons,  beads,  and  trinkets,  in  exchai^e 
for  fre^  provifions,  which  we  were  greatly  ia 
want  of. 

The  natives  are  in  general  taller  and  ftouter 
made  than  our  people,  and  are  moflly  of  a 
copper  colour,  with  black  hair )  others  are. 
fairer,  efpecially  the  women,  ibme  of  whooi 
were  obferved  to  be  red-haired. — It  does  not 
appear  that  they  know  the  ufe  of  anyone 
meul  whatever. — When  the  grtpe  (hot  came 
among  them,  they  dived  after  it,  and 
brought  op  the  pieces  of  lead.  They  fwim 
like  fi(h,  and  can  rerr.^in  a  long  time  under 
water. — They  were  cloathed  with  a  kind  of 
ftuff  made  of  the  hatk  of  trees,  fome  red, 
fome  yellow ;  its  texture  refembles  that  of 
coarfe  thick  paper,  and  cannot  refid  wet. 
Be  fides  the  large  tfland  there  are  feveral  lef* 
fer  ones,  which  have  been  named  Charlotte 
ifiand,  G'ouceder  tlland,  Bcfcawen  liUnd, 
Keppel  ifland,  Wallace  Tfland,  &c. 

Mackerel,  by  the  benevolent  plan  of  Sir 
Stephem 


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iy68.       SOt  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER,  329 


Stephen  TbeodoreJ»n(ren,  bart.  ChamberUin 
of  LoiMk>*ty  for  o(S&ing  premiums.  &c.  have 
been  excremrly  plenty  this  moaih^  to  the 
great  relief  of  the  poor. 

The  honeft  ohJ  D—  of  N— ,  from  the  fol- 
lowing declaration  which  he  made  t'other  day, 
leems  to  have  a  very  different  idea  of  a  mob 
Itom  that  which  is  entertained  by  fonoe  of 
our  pre(em  nigbry  men  : 

**  I  love  a  mob  (faid  he)  I  headed  a  mob 
once  myfrlf.  We  owe  the  Hanover  fuccef- 
fioo  to  a  mob,** 

Afxl  it  is  remarkable,  that  thofe  who  have 
difHngoi(hed  themfehes  fo much  lately  againft 
the  ^ob,  are  the  defcefidants  of  thofe  very 
perfoos  who  diftingutfiied  themfeives  former- 
17  againft  the  Hanover  fucceffi  -n. 

The  council  of  the  Antiquarian  Society  for 
1768. 

BiAop  of  C«lifle,  prefident.  Sir  Jofeph 
Ayloff,  bart.  F.  R.  S.  Mr.  Jofiah  Cole* 
brooke,  F.  R.  S.  treafurer.  Matthew  Du> 
ane,  Efq;  F.  R.  S.  Jer.  Milks,  D.  D. 
F-  R.  S.  Dean  of  Exeter.  Thomas  Morell, 
D.  D.  Wilfiam  Norris.  A.  M.  fee.  Sir  T. 
Sewelly  knt.  matter  of  the  Rolls.  Gregory 
Sharpe,  L.  L.  D.  F.  R.  S.  marter  of  the 
Temple.  James  Weft,  Efqj  F.R.S.  Da- 
Aiel  Wray.  Efq;  F.  R.  S  Thomas  Aftle, 
E<^  F.R.S.  Henry  Baker,  Efqj  F.R.S.  Hon. 
D^ines  Harrington.  A.  C.  Ducarell,  LL.D. 
F.R.S.  Earl  of  Litchfield.  James  Ptrfoos.M.D. 
F.  R.  S.  Earl  of  Shaftefbury.  John  Strange, 
Bfqi  F.  R.  S,  Sir  John  Eardley  Wilmor, 
km-L,  C.  J.  of  the  Common- Pleas.  Ro- 
bert Weflon,  Efq;  The  Rev.  Dr.  Morre.  is 
chofen  their  Cecieury  for  correfpondcnce  in 
foreign  parts.  ^        ,       ^ 

Pardons  and  rewards  are  offered  for  the 
diicovery  of  the  writers  of  feveral  incendiary 
letters  fcnt  in  town  and  Country. 

Great  damage  has  b<en  fulUined  in  the 
losrer  parts  of  Surry,  by  the  late  hail  ftormt, 
and  lightning,  which  laft  did  alfo  confi- 
derable  damage  in  Kent,  and  other  partt 
of  the  kingdom.  In  Herefordfhire  the  bail 
has  almoft  deftroyed  til  the  fruit  trees. 

Five  perfons  have  received  fcntcncc  of 
death  at  Briftol; 

An  unufual  infttnce  of  vegetation  has 
lately  been  difcovered:  In  April  Mr.  Criflip, 
of  Long-Newton,  applied  to  a  neighbouring 
furgeon  at  Yarm,  for  his  afflftance  in  a  cafe 
of  de&fnefs,  which  he  had  periodieally  la- 
boured under  from  about  the  laft  harveft  time 
nntil  Chriftmas  laft ;  but  ever  fince  Chrift- 
mas  his  diforder  became  fo  much  increafed, 
as  to  occafion  h'm  a  total  unremitting  deaf- 
nefs  in  one  of  his  ears.  The  lurtjcor,  upon 
czamioing  the  ear,  found  it  filled  with  wax, 
which  he  eztrafied,  and  at  the  bottom  of 
the  cavity  of  the  ear,  he  alfo  found  and  ex- 
traAed  a  barley,  com  in  a  ftate  of  vegetation: 
Thefc  caufet  being  thus  removed,  and  by 
the  help  of  a  few  gentle  applications  by  the 

June,  i;6S. 


furgeon,  Mr.  Crlflip,  to  his  great  fatisfao- 
tion,  hath  regained  his  former  hearing. 

An  earthquake  happened  at  the  beginntr>g 
of  May,  at  Malham,  in  Craven,  Yorkfbire, 
and  it  Keighly  and  SIcipton,  and  through  all 
the  North-weft  of  that  county  t  Two  flight 
(hocks  were  alfo  teit  at  Newcaftle,  «o4 
other  places. 

In  June,  a  farm  houfe,  at  Cramond,  io 
Scotland,  with  all  the  ftock,  were  confor 
med  by  fire. 

OnMjy  19,  the  general  affcmbly  of  the 
church  of  Scotland  m'ec  at  Edinburgh:  EaiA 
ofGlafgow,  high  commifllooer. 

The  15th  inlt.  the  fticritfii,  commons,  and 
citizens  ot  Dublin,  drew  up  a  petition  to  the 
lord  mayor  and  aldermen  of  Dublin,  defiring 
their  concurrence  to  a  refolution  they  had  ta*- 
ken  to  fettle  an.annual  ftipend  of  300 1.  per 
annum  on  Dr.  Lucas  for  his  great  fervices, 
which  was  delivered  to  the  town  clerk,  who 
neglefted  to  prefent  it,  though  the  court  wm 
then  fitting.  At  a  tol lowing  meeting,  the 
mayor  and  aldermen,  on  a  deputation  being 
fent  to  them  from  the  ftierifiFi  and  commons, 
received  for  anfwer,  that  they  had  taken  the 
matter^ of  the  faid  petition  into  confideration^ 
and  had  difpofed  of  it* 

The  flierififs  and  commons  upon  receiving 
this  very  concife  anfwer,  came  to  the  fol- 
lowing refolutioos : 

Refolved  unanimoufly,  That  Dr.  Charlee 
Lucas,  our  leprefcntative  in  parliaoMnt,  is 
highly  worthy  of  the  mark  of  our  efte^m, 
prayed  for  in  the  foregoing  petition,  and  thejr 
fincerely  lament  that  they  are,  by  the  loni 
mayor  and  board  of  aldermen  denying  their 
concurrence,  prevented  from  making  the 
fsme  an  a6t  of  aflembly. 

Refolvcd,  That  the  (heriflTs  do  wait  upoa 
Dr.  Charles  LucM,  our  worthy  lepreien^ative 
in  parliament,  with  the  thanks  of  this 
houfe,  for  his  great  zeal  and  attachment  tb 
the  privileges  and  rights  of  the  citiscQS^  ma- 
tt ifelled  upon  every  occafion,  but  more  parti- 
cularly exerted  in  the  attention  which  he 
(hewed  to  the  bill  for  regulating  the  quarte- 
rage of  this  city. 

On  May  n,  and  the  following  day,  the 
mob  rofe  at  Dublin,  occafibncd  by  a  butcher's 
being  murdered  by  Tome  bullies  of  a  bawdy- 
houfe,  and  pulled  down  many  diforderljr 
houfes,  deftroyed  the  furniture,  &c.  ttc.  At 
length  thry  were  quelled,  and  fome  of  the 
ring-leaders  fecured. 

Extras  of  Letter  from  a  Gentleman  near  Clon- 
mell,  Jated  April  20. 
"  I  have  an  ewe  that  yeaned  a  lamb  abottj 
three  weeks  ago,  which  ftjc  has  fince  reate* 
well,  and  laft  night  ftie  yeantd  another  as  ^ 
perfect  as  the  firft.  I  never  knew  an  in- 
fiance  of  the  like  befcre,  but  you  may  be 
affurcd  of  the  faft,** 

T  t  ^0^ 


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FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 


330 

One  hundred  houiei  have  beea  confomed 
by  fire  at  Carrick.  / 

A  letter  from  Bofton  in  New-England, 
fayt,  **  We  have  an  account  from  the  Weft- 
ward,  that  about  three  months  ago,  Major 
iLogerf,  with  thirteen  men,  wenc  from  the 
fort  at  MLchilimackinacIc,  to  about  three 
iniJet  diftance,  on  occafional  bufinefi,  where 
they  fell  into  an  ambuih  of  140  or  150  Tou- 
wou  Indians,  who  fired  upon  them,  and  kil- 
led  eight  ot  the  thirteen,  wounded  four,  and 
took  Major  Rogers  prifoner,  whom  they  had 
a  particular  refentment  again^,  and  intend- 
cd  to  make  a  facrifice  of  him  when  they  got 
home  I  but  the  firing  of  the  guns  being  luck^ 
ilj  heard  by  our  people  from  the  fort,  a  de- 
tachment of  ninety  men  immediately  turned 
out,  foon  came  op  with  the  Indians,  fired 
iipon  them,  and  put  them  to  Bight,  leaving 
four  of  their  number  dead  upon  the  fpot.  Du- 
ring the  laft  Ikirmifh  Major  Rogers  found  an 
opportunity  to  make  his  efcape,  and  got  back 
fafetothefort.'* 

Eight  hottCes,  Sec,  have  bfen  confumed  by 
fire  at  Bruofwick,  in  New  Jerfey. 

Above  eighty  houfes  were  confumed  by 
fire,  at  the  beginning  of  May,  at  Montreal 
in  Canada>  and  thereby  107  families  ruined. 
•  A  dangerous  intended  infurreflion  of  the 
negroes  at  Montferrat,  baa  been  happily  pre- 
vented, and  the  principal  confpirators  pot  to 
death. 

Walter  Pringle,  Efqj  prefident  of  the 
iiland  of  Dominica,  Mr.  Robinfon,  the  fecre- 
tary,  and  a  failer,  were  lately  accidentally 
drowned  there* 

On  Dec.  17  laft,  the  Defiance,  an  Eaft- In- 
dia (hip  was  blo«^  up  in  her  palfage  from 
Bombay  to  Bafldr^;  when  of  three  hundred 
men,  only  thirty- five  furvived  the  fatal  blaft. 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 

WARSAW,  April  22.  The  confe- 
derates of  Podolia  having  been  joined 
by  a  body  of  between  5  and  6000  Tartars, 
immediately  diflodged  the  Ruffians  from 
Winniteo;  b^t  the  latter,  in  their  turn, 
being  foon  reinforced  by  fome  light  troops, 
beat  the  confederates,  and  obliged  them  to 
abandon  th  <t  poft,  with  the  loff  of  an  hun- 
dred men  killed,  and  fome  prifoners:  The 
Ruffians  had  but  two  Coffiicks  wourfded  ;  fe- 
veral  horfes  belonging  to  the  Tartars  fell 
into  their  hands.  The  only  dependance  of 
the  confederates  is,  that  the  Ruffian  troops 
cannot  penetrate  into  Podolia  without  .giv- 
ing umbrage  to  the  Turks.**  (See  p.  231.} 

Warfaw,  April  28.  We  are  afllired  that  a 
Ruffian  officer,  in  attempting  to  ent^r  a  fmall 
village  with  a  detachment  of  fifty  coffiitka, 
was  attacked  by  three  hupdred  Confederates, 
whom  he  put  to  flight,  after  killing  twdv^ 
mo4  taking  ninetem  or'<V>«ierf. 

There  arc  Dow  fefcril  confederaclei  la  tbe 


June. 


kingdom,  particuUrly  at  Aalica,  Kiovia,  and 
Lublin.  Ac  the  laft  mentioned  p!ace  the 
Ruffian^  lately  made  an  attempt  to  carry  off 
fome  of  the  confederates,  but  were  refiftcd  by 
the  iohabitanis,  who  fired  on  them  from  their 
windows.  During  the  ficirmifii  a  fire  broke 
out,  which  confumed  five  hotels  and  above  a 
hundred  houfet . 

Confines  of  Poland,  May  2.  Befidea  the 
confederacy  of  Bar,  there  have  fioce  beea 
formed  two  others,  one  of  which  is  already 
crushed  by  the  Ruffiani.  The  city  of  Lublia 
has  fuflered  extremely  on  this  occafion.  At 
they  founded  the  tocain,  and  fired  from  th« 
windows  upon  the  Ruffian  troops  when  they 
marched  into  that  place,  the  latter  returned 
the  faiute,  and  whole  ftreets  were  foon  ia 
flames :  Upwards  of  an  hundred  houfes,  five 
palaces }  and  a  religious  convent,  have  beem 
deiiroyed  there. 

Warfaw,  May  7.  All  the  Vatwodies  of  the 
kingdom  aie  entered  into  confederacy  except  f 
Lithuania,  which  ftill  continues  in  a  ftate  of 
tranquility,  owing  to  the  pmdeet  meafures  of 
the  Prince  Piimate,  and  it  is  affiired  will 
wait  to  fee  the  iffiie  of  the  general  dyet  of 
PoliihrPruffia,  which  meets  next  week  | 
but  it  is  much  doubted  whether  It  will  have 
the  fuccefs  that  fome  people  feem  to  exped  ^ 
from  it.  The  nobility  of  this  province  ia 
general,  efpecially  of  the  Vaiwody  of  Po- 
merelle,  hem  very  eager  to  enter  into  confe* 
deracy^  being  animated  with  an  inconfide- 
t*fe  zeal  for  religion. 

The  confederates  advance  farther  and  far- 
ther and  their  head-quarters  are  now  within 
feveo  miles  of  Lemberg.  It  is  faid  that 
they  attempted  to  carry  olf  the  Prince  Primate  « 
and  Prince  Repnin,  in  the  night  between 
the  5th  and  6th  indent,  but  the  gates  leading 
to  the  palace  being  (but,  and  the  out-centinels 
having  alarmed  the  main-guard,  the  body  of 
men  affitmbled  for  this  purpofe  were  obliged 
to  retire  with  precipitation  {  fince  which 
Prince  Repnin,  has  cauied  feveral  pieces  of 
cannon  to  be  planted  before  the  palace,  and 
a  body  of  Ruffian  chaffi:urs  to  be  pofled  at 
the  avenues  to  the  garden.  Yefterday  morn- 
ing 300  Ruffian  grenadiers  entered  this  city 
in  order  to  prevent  fuch  furprizes,  and  more 
of  thofe  troops  are  ezpeded.  We  are  how- 
ever hitherto  perfeaiy  quiet. 

Warfaw,  May  22.  The  confederates,  who 
daily  increafe  received  a  confiderable  reinforce- 
mens  a  few  da>a  ago,  by  being  joined  by  great 
part  of  the  corps  commanded  by  tbe  regimen- 
tary of  Podolia,  Dziedwfzi/ki  2  This  officer 
went  tooppofe  the  progrefs  of  the  confederates 
at  the  head  of  about  3000  nen,  but  as  foon  as 
they  came  up  to  them  moft  of  his  troops  went 
over  to  the  confederates,,  who  aftei  wards  dif- 
peried  and  purfiied  the  reft  beyond  the  Nieftcr 
into  Moldavia. 

Warfaw,   May  23.  On  the  1 3ih  inftant  a 

rourirr  arrived  with  advice,  that  a  large  body 

«i  the  con/ederatea  had  been  defeated  near 

Conftaatiaew, 


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1768. 


FOREIGN 


OonftaAtioow,    with  the  loft  of  800  men 
k  Ued,  wouodei,  or  takeou 

Coofinet  of  Poland,  June  1.  Count  PotoCf 
ki,  raarihal  of  the  contrdcracy  of  Halicz,  hit 
been  atUcked  and  totally  routed  by  the  Rufli- 
fiiJii;  hioDfel/,  his  wife,  and  fome  of  his  reti- 
noe,  having  with  great  difficulty  got  orer. 
the  Neifter,  and  taken  refuge  on  the  Turkiih 
tenttory.  The  Ruffians  are  now  in  parfuiC 
of  the  confederates  or  Bar. 

The  king  of  Denmark,  on  May  6,  fee 
Mt  from  his  capital  to  make  the  tour  of 
Germany,  Sec,  It  is  faid  he  will  vlfic  the 
Eogliih  court. 

Aigerhuus,  Noru'sy,  May  ti.  The 
wateis  of  a  fpring  in  the  provoftfbip  of  Rom- 
motife,  belonging  to  this  diocefe,  having 
been  flopped  op  eleven  year*  ago,  they  made 
themfeUes  a  pafTage  on  the  r5th  of  this 
month,  aboct  four  in  the  mornmg  with  fo 
much  violence  that  in  a  minute's  ti^e  tliey 
^Bited  op  the  whole  mafs  that  obftruAed 
them,  upon  the  little  diAri^  of  Scbea, 
which  was  almo/l  entirely  dcftroyed  by  ir. 
All  the  houTea  there,  to  the  number  of 
tf»enty-Ay,  together  with  tweoty-three  per* 
foDS,  horfca,  and  cattle,  were  carried  away 
with  the  msfs,  the  extent  of  which  was 
about  one  hundicd  paces,  into  a  rivulet 
which  runt  at  the  bottom  of  that  diAhA. 
Seten  perfoos  were  faved,  but  the  greateft 
part  of  them  hurt.  Sixteen  others  periflied. 
Nine  have  been  found  fiace  in  the  river 
Romuen  into  which  the  above  rivulet  dif- 
chv|cs  itfelves;  bat  the  Romuen  is  be- 
come no  longer  nav  gable,  by  the  quantity  4>f 
rabbifli  waibed  down  into  it. 

Vienna,  April  9.  On  the  7th  the  mar- 
nage  ceremony  was  performed  between  his 
Sicilian  majefiy,  by  proxy,  and  the  arch- 
dotchefs  Ccroline,  and  at  tJiree  in  the  after- 
Boon  her  majefty  fet  out  for  Italy.  (See  p. 
#32  )  [She  was  received  in  Tufcany  and 
elfcwhere  with  all  due  honours,  and  ar- 
rived fafely  at  N.p!es,  at  the  clofe  of  May.] 

The  emperor  has  made  the  tour  of  Hun- 
gvy>  and  levlewed  hs  troops,  and  fortrcfles 
there. 

Vienna,  May  tS.  On  the  loth  great 
part  of  the  town  of  Comorro  in  Hungary 
was  confumed  by  fire. 

Madrid,  May  24.  The  king  has  made  a 
grant  to  a  company  of  merchants  in  France 
to  authorise  them  to  work  the  gold  mines  in 
t^t  province  of  Andalufia.  This  company 
has  contracted  to  carry  on  the  work  at  its 
own  expence,  to  pay  into  his  majefty's 
treafury  fix  per  cent,  of  the  profits  of|tb'e 
faid  mines  for  the  two  firft  years  j  after- 
werds  ten  per  cent,  and  after  a  certain  term 
twenty  pcf  cent.  Many  people  doubt  the 
fuccefs  of  this  undertaking,  but  an  engineer 
it  already  arrived  from  trance  who  is  to 
have  the  dire^ion  of  it,  and  we  hear  that 
the  fum  of  1,400,000  livres  has  been  fub- 
iciibed  in  France  to  cart7  it  on. 


AFFAIRS.         331 

Bologna,  May  16,  Letters  from  Milta 
advife,  that  the  Jciuits  have  been  driven  out 
of  that  ifland,  and  that  the  go»ernmcnt 
feized  upon  all  their  etTedIr,  without  even 
acquainting  the  inqui^tor  with  their  inten- 
tion. This  is  a  new  fubjeft  of  difpute  be- 
tween the  court  of  Rome  and  the  religion 
of  Malta,  the  former  having  dirc£»ed  that 
the  tffcStt  of  the  jefuits  fhould  be  delivered 
to  the  inquifitor  to  take  off,  till  the  court 
of  Rome  Aould  order  the  difpofalof  them. 
(See  p.  «^*.) 

Ancona,  April  6.  Wo  have  rerelved  ad- 
vire  that  the  St.  Chares,  a  Venetian 
man  of  war  of  eighty  guns  and  700  men, 
has  been  loft  in  a  violent  florm  off Seneag- 
lia,  and  that  all  the  crew  periled.  Sbe 
washtmeward  bound  from  the  Levant,  and 
her  cargo  's  vafued  at  a  miU'on  of  ducats. 

Porto-Ferraio,  May  5.  We  learn  from 
Ajaccio,  that  General  Paoii  hath  broken  off 
all  negociation  as  well  with  the  French  as 
with  the  Genoefe  ;  and  that  all  preparations 
are  making  in  Corfica  for  Tigoroofly  fuftaim'og 
the  war. 

Neufchatel  in  SwifTerland,  May  14. 
Laft  Friday,  the  loth  infiant,  a  corps  of 
troops  arrived  here,  confifting  of  near  800 
men.  The  cantons  of  Lucerne,  Fribourg  and 
Soleure  furnlihed  150  men  each,  and  the  reft 
are  dragoons  and  grenadiers  from  Bern*. 
The  foldiers  have  hitherto  been  kept  in  good 
order;  the  city  is  in  gseat  confufion,  and 
fcveral  families  are  preparing  to  remove* 
Themtgiflrates  have  offered  200  Louis-d'Ors 
for  difcovcring  the  perfons  concerned  in  the 
murder  of  M.  Gaudot.  (See  p.  268.) 

Paris,  April  29.  The  minifiry  has  le- 
ce'ved  a  courier  from  Rome,  with  advice 
that  the  Pope  refufes  to  revoke  the  brief 
which  he  iflued  the  30th  of  January  laft 
agatnft  the  court  of  Parma.  This  news  en- 
gages the  attention  of  the  public  very  much* 
(Seep.  168.) 

Paris,  June  6,  "We  have  received  advice, 
that  the  regiment  of  Dauphiny,  accompanied 
by  the  prefident  and  eight  cotinfellors  of  the 
parliament  of  Provence,  have  taken  pa(l*:ffion 
of  the  town  of  Avignon  in  the  king's  name; 
that  the  vice  legate  and  hh  guards,  are  retir- 
ed to  Antibes,  where  they  are  to  embark  for 
Rome  J  that  fome  detachments  of  French 
troops  have  alfo  occupied  the  two  fmall 
towns  of  Carpeotraa  and  CavaiJlon,  in  the 
county  of  Vemifin,  and  that  the  inhabitants 
of  thofe  places  have  been  fummoned  to  ac- 
knowledge the  king*!  government.  Accord- 
ing to  accounts  trom  Italy,  there  is  no 
doubt  that  the  troops  of  the  king  of  Naples 
have  alfo  taken  poITeffion  of  Beoevento,"  (See 
p.  ^^^.) 

Paris,  June  6.  The  butchers  of  this 
city  attempted  a  few  days  ago  to  raife  the 
price  of  mear,  which  occ^fioned  a  difturbance 
in  fome  of  the  markets)  butthe  lieuienanC 
of  the  police  being  ioformed  ofir,  enquired 
C  I  a  into 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


33* 

into  the  original  caufei  ifKich  he  founi  arofe 
from  Tome  abufcs  amoog  the  wbolefile  deiUrs; 
and  accordingly,  after  uking  proper  meafores 
Co  remedy  ihe  e?i],  be  ordered  that  meat 
il^ould  coatinueto  be  fold  at  the  ofual  pricet. 
[In  ibcfe  cafea  the  people  under  arbitrary  go- 
vernmeatt  are  better  off  than  we  are.J 


Deaths. 

March  9.rj>REDERICK,  Frankhnd,  Efq^ 
r  late  a  comminioner  of  exc  fe 
-^1-',  Henry  Archer,  Efqj  biotbcr  of  Lord 
ArchfT,  and  late  member  f  r  Wartirick— 
iS.  The  Ingeniotis  and  Rtv.  Mr.  Sterne, 
•Cthor  of  TfiHram  Shandy,  tec.  &c.— io, 
Mr.  Wren,  bookf-LlIrr  in  the  tfand — ii. 
Rev.  Dr.  George  Seeker,  canon  refidentiary 
of  S:.  PauTe,  &c.  Sec.  and  nephew  of  the 
Abp.  of  C^nrerbury — Sir  Andrew  Chadwick, 
knt.  of  tRe  band  of  g-:nt.  pc^fion'^is— 15, 
Baptift  Lee.  of  Ltvfrrrore  in  in  Surtolk,  Efq; 

—  29  Sir  John  Pennington,  bart.  fucctcded 
by  his  t^ioihcr,  now  Sir  Jofeph  Pennington, 
bart- 

April  2.  Thomas  Sumptcr,  ET^i  flore- 
kceper  at  She«rne(g— -j.  Thii  wtrchy  and 
fteady  patriot,  Vrltcrs  Cornewall,  of  Moccas 
hill,  in  Hereford  Hi  ire,  Ef<j }  member  for 
that  ciunty  for  near  half  a  century,  whofc 
private  char»£^cr  v.-a»  at  amiable,  ;ti  his  pub- 
Ifc  was  honourable.  (Sec  Ccr^teivaf/t  and 
C'>i/utf  /f.  C^rrtc/ius,  in  our  General  index. ^ 
V/iUiim  Hil'icr,  .>f  Cirencertcr  i^i  Glouref- 
terlhire.  E  q;— 8.  Sir  Chailirs  Innts,  of 
Bilvenie,  bart.  fucceeded  by  his  fon,  now 
Sir  John — 9.  Hon.  Rowiand  BrUfyfe,  bro- 
ther of  the  earl  cf  Faucnnberg — 10.  Mrs. 
S*rah  FIcloing,  fiAcr  of  the  lare  Henry,  a-.d 
oT  the  prefcnt  Sir  John,  author  of  David  Si 'n- 
jAt,  aijd  other  ingenious  pieces— •  ft.  Miff 
Anne  DovwdcfN^ell,  d^u.h  er  of  the  Right 
Hon.  William  Djwdef^ell— 16.  St  Wil- 
liamPennyman,  cf  Thornton,  in  Yotkfhirc, 
bjrt.  fucferjdcd  by  his  broiher,  now  Sir 
M/arton  Pennyman  Warton,  bart. — Lady 
Lucy,  dau;;hter  of  the  earl  o^  Traquair— 19. 
Hflen,  Counters' Dowager  of  Haddington—- 
21.  Robert  Ayres,  of  Chertfcy,  in  Surry, 
EYq;- Matthew  ScUajy,  of  Strai'ord,  in  Ef- 
fcx,  E;qi 

Lately.  Charles  Fc.irne,  Efq;  judgf  advo- 
cate of  the  Fleet— Thomas  Leigh,  o'  Green- 
wich, E''q;  — Right  Hon.  E^rl  of  Bajcar- 
ras— 'Ml.  Edmund  S  one,  well  knov^n  by  his 
mathematic.l  w^rks— Sir  Henry  Hoghton, 
hi^f.  rucceed<*d  by  his  nephew  now  Sir  Harry 

—  Zichlnah  Button,  of  Mncking-h"]!,  EHrx, 
Em^ — Th<m*i  Evans,  Efq;  rccorfJ.er  of  Rtry 

—  jamcs  Fcrbes,  Ffq;  a  Scotch  fa£lor—Dar- 
rili  Short,  of  Wadh'jrft,  in  SafTex,  Efq;  — 
Robert  Mayland,  Efq;  a  NVeft- India  mcr- 
chaAt— Mici.«cl   Nicholii,    £f|j    a  Norv^ay 


DEATHS; 


June 


merchant,  at  Plymooth— Nichphi  Nighttn* 
irale,  fen.  of  Peckham,  Efq;— Peter  Mafl^ 
Etq{  late  an  Hamburgh  merchant— Dr.  Ro^ 
bert  Lyon,  of  Witney  in  Oxfordlhirc— Sir 
Jocelyn  Price  formerly  ambaiTador  at  Naplet 
•—Lady  Anne  Murray,  daughter  of  Che  Hte 
earl  of  Cromartic — John  Lee,  Efq;  an' emi- 
nent merchamt  in  Virginia— Hugh  Simpfqn, 
of  Carlton*hall,  in  Cumberland,  Efq; — Sir 
John  Lambert-Middleron,  of  Belfay,  io 
Northumberland,  bart.  fucceeded  by  hh  Ton, 
now  Sir  William  Middteton,  bart.— John 
Taylor,  of  Pctty-France,  Efq; — Anthony 
I  arente,  Efq;  a  French  merchant— Mrt. 
Clarke,  grandmother  of  the  earl  of  Radnor- 
Mr.  Wilb<r  orce,  an  eminent  merchant  at 
Hull  — Lewis  Tonnies,  Efq;  a  Hamborgh 
Merchant — Leonard  Bowles,  cf  Godalmin, 
in  Surry,  Efqj — Rt.  Hon.  Sir  Compton 
Domviile  bart.  of  the  privy  council,  &c« 
in  Ireland  — Sir  Walter  Tifl^^y,  late  envoy 
in  Denm  'k,  aged  68— RoVert  Hothare,  of 
Harlingbury,  Wijjs,  Efqj-L'eut.  Col.  OgiU 
T  e,  lare  of  the  Scots- Hollanders,  aged  84— 
John  King,  of  Charter-houfe  Square,  Efq;— 
Rt.  Hon  Humphrey.  EsrI  of  Lane(boroogh^ 
a  privy  counfrllor  in  Ireland — Gabriel  Dcfa- 
guliers,  a  rieh  planter  of  Barbadoei,  Efq;— 
Rev.  Sir  Gilbert  Williamt,  bait,  vicar  of 
Illing  on,  fucceded  by  his  eldefl  fon,  now 
Sir  David — Alexander  Gordon,  of  Aucken* 
touel.  in  North- Brtain,  Efq;— Peter  Hat- 
wood,  Efq;  planter  at  Antigua— John  Afh- 
ton,  Efq;  mar(hal  of  the  KtngV  Bench— 
Tbhn  Foot,  of  Torr,  near  Plymouth,  Efq;— 
Paul  D(ib->i',  E!q  la'e  an  eminent  fi'k- wea- 
ver—Samp'bn  Leflingham,  fen  Eiq;*-  Cbarlet 
Chetwode,  Efq;  btother  of  Sir  John,  bart,— • 
James  Heat  he,  Bfij;  an  emrnent  planter  ia 
Virginia— Will  Strveni,  the  facetious  pave 
digf er  of  Cierkenwell,  for  5 ;  years^^hril^ 
topher  Robinfon,  Efq;  clerk  to  the  fitting 
aldermen,  aged  76 — W.lliam  Moore,  of 
B'  urbon  on  the  water,  in  Gloupeflerfhire, 
Efq;— Theopbilus  Moore,  Efq;  many  year* 
conful  at  Targier— Blan(<en  Moore,  of  fly- 
fleet,  in  Surry,  Efq;— Mr.  John  Arbona, 
ArabJck  lingu  ft  to  bit  majcfty — Mr.  Robert 
Stevens  bookb'nder  in  Pater- nofter- Row— 
Dr.  Alexander,  phjfician  to  the  London 
hofpi'al — John  Spearman  of  Cavendifh  fquare, 
Efqi— Nealc  Napletfln,  of  Dominica,  Efq; — 
Hon.  Francis  Fauquier,  licut.  governor  of 
Virgin!  1,  on  March  3  —Valentine  Pen^ 
fo'd,  ETrr;  a  Carolina  merchant,  and  hH 
only  fon— Sir  John  Riddel,  bwi.  fucceeded 
by  bis  eldtft  fon,  now  Sir  Walter— hon. 
Mrs.  Mary  Cwnrton,  fpoufeof  Mr.  Megeet— 
Hon  Charles  Skinner,  chief  juftice  of  South 
Caroh'na— Thomas  Lee- Warner,  late  of  the 
Inn^r  Temple,  Efq;— Edwarl  Pawlet,  Efqj 
F.  R.  S.— Lady  Juliana  Flo-d,  (Oicr  of  the 
earl  of  Anplefea  —  Richard  Merrey,  Efq; 
an  cfnincat  merchant— Robcit  Kenyon,  of 
Laaca(hirv« 


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Ecclesiastical  Prefermenti. 


335 


L^cafhfre,     Efqi— Jeffery    QrMiiley,      of 
Great  Queeii*Anoe  ftreet,  EC^  i  aged  82. 

'  ECCLI8TA8TICAL  "pRlHRMItNTS. 

From  the  I^N  do"N  G a  z  1  t  t  ». 

WHITEHALL,  April  19. Hugh  Ha- 
mlhon,   B.  D.  is  promoted  to  the 
deaoery  of  Armagh. 

rrm  the  rtfi  <sf  the  Papert. 

Rev.  Mr  GcKbn,  is  prefenttd  to  the  living 
<|fSt.  Oilet  in  Durham— Mr.  Durnford  to 
the  redo7  of  Mi^ddlcton,  Suffese—Mr.  God- 
dart  to  the  reftory  of  North-Waldham, 
Hants. — Mr.  Thomas  Forfter,  to  th?  cha- 
ffelry  of  Tuhbridge-weUs— Mr.  Baker,  to 
the  vicarage  of  WinCone,  Wilts— Mr. 
Simoils  to  the  rc£^crf  of  Hulcotr,  Bucks- 
Mr.  Symkint,  to  the  reftory  of  Tim- 
fcdit,  Northumberland— Mr.  Wilkins,  to 
the  rcftory  of  D  tFerth,  Radncrfhiic— Dr. 
Worthingtoo,  *to  a  prebend  of  York^Mr. 
Kaye  to  a  prebend  in  the  fame  cathedral- 
Mr.  Cheap  to  the  vicarage  of  Sutton  on  the 
forcft,  Yorkfhire— Mr.  Willes,  tothereftory 
ofWcft-C«mel,Sotncrfctfl)ire— Mr.Berilham, 
tblhere£Vory  of  FeUwell,  St.  Nicholas,  Nor- 
fdlk— Mr.  Hayman,  to  the  reaory  of  Lucam, 
Dorfct(hire  —Mr.  Parker,  to  the  rcftory  of  Bra- 
ced, Kent— Mr.  Manlcy>  to  the  vicarage  of 
Harptrcc,  Wiltt— Mr.  Dockeray,  to  the  rec- 
tory ofWatlafs,  Yorkfljirc— Mr.Tomlinfon, 
to  the  vicaragcof  Ben«ion,Somerfetrhire— Mr, 
Stroat,  to  the  living  of  Behon,  near  York  — 
Dr.  Barrington  to  ihe  canon  rcfidcntiarifljip 
of  St.  Paul's— Mr.  Scales,  to  ihe  re£l  ries  of 
Great  and  Little  HoimeaH,  in  Henford- 
fhiie— Mr.  Toogood,  to  the  reaory  of  King-  . 
tdn- Magna,  Dorfetlhirc— Mr.  Luce,  to  the 
vicarage  of  Harpford,  Devon -Mr.  Waugh, 
to  a  prebend  of  Carlifle— Mr.  Stoddard,  to  the 
vicarage  of  Cameiford,  Wilfs^Mr.  Firc- 
bracc  is  elc^ed  afternoon  le^urer  of  St. 
PiuFs,  Deptford-Mr.  Ward,  leaurer  of  St. 
James  Garlick-hill. 

A  difpenfation  paffed  the  feals  to  enable 
the  Rev.  Andrew  Eity,  B.  D.  to  hold  ihe 
re^ories  of  Whirchurch,  OxfordAire,  and 
Selbum,  Hant»— To  enable  Mr.  Swain,  to 
hold  the  vicarages  of  Puckle-church,  Glou- 
cefterfliire,  at  Eaft-Harphey,  Somerfetfliire— 
To  enable  Dr.  Green  to  hold  the  reaories  of 
Bell  Broughton,  Worceflcr/hire,  and  of  Sr, 
Nicholas  Worccftcr— To  enable  Watfon 
Tookey,  B.  D.  to  hold  the  reaory  of  Ixotng  in 
Norfolk  with  the  reaory  of  Luttoo,  in 
Northamptonftiirc— To  enable  Dr.  Wa'ktr, 
to  hold  the  rtaoriet  of  King's  Worthy, 
Hants,  and  Motreftone,  and  Sherewell,  in 
the  Ifle  cf  Wight— To  eftable  Mr.  Gibberd, 
to  hold  the  reaorics  of  Great  Mundeo,  and 
laulc  Mundeo,  Hertford&irc— 

Promotions,  Civil  tf/rJ  Military. 
Frow/^  London  Gazbtti. 

ST.  James's,  Feb.   4.     The  Lord  Cath- 
(iut,  ia  appointed  amba^or  extraoiidir 


oaiYiod  plenlpotentisry  to  the  eaipreii  of 
Ruflia. 

Whitehall,  M«rch  8.  William  Young, 
Efqs  lieutenant  gov^nor  of  Dominica,  sa 
the  room  of  George  Scott,  £iq;  deceafed^- 
March  19.  Lord  Ch'Urles  Spencer  is  appointed 
a  lord  of  the  admiralty-  21.  The  cuflody  of 
the  privy- feal,  vas  re- delivered  to  the  earl  of 
Chatham — ?2.  Mr.  Lewis  de  Vifme,  it  ap* 
pointed  fecretary  to  the'Embany  to  the  em* 
prefs  of  Ruflia — 25.  Benjamin  Thomas,  Efqj 
marflial  of  the  King's- Bench— 30.  Robert 
Irvine,  Efq;  conful  at    Oflend,  Bruges,  &c. 

St.  James's,  April  i^.  Licence  ii  granted 
to  John   Andrewi,  of  Pen,  in  the  county  of 
Bucks,  Efqj  and  his  idue  lawfully  begotten^ 
to  take  and  ufe  the  firname  of  Baker. 
From  the  rtjl  of  the  Papers. 

Henry  Shirdley,  Z^^i^  is  appointed  com- 
miirnrygeneral  of  ftores  and  provifions  in  £aA« 
Florida— Hon.  EdM^ard  Wille«,  follicites- 
general,  a  judge  of  the  court  of  Klng's- 
B^nch — John  Dunning,  Efqj  fellicitor  gene- 
ral in  his  room -Sir  James  Dunbar,  bart. 
deputy  judge  advocate  of  North  Britain-^ Ad« 
miral  Sir  Charles  Knowles,  admiral  of  th« 
White— Rt.  hon.  Henry  Seymour  Conway, 
colonel  of  the  14th  regiment  of  drtgoons— - 
Thomas  Colby,  Efqj  a  commi0ioner  of  th« 
viauall.ng  office— Thomas  Sade,  Efqj  fur- 
veyor  of  the  navy,  was  knighted — William 
Woodley,  Efqj  is  appointed  high  Aeriff  of 
Norfolk— Hon.  Henry.  Frederick  Thynnc, 
mafterorihe  king's  houfhold— Richard  Ver- 
non, Efqi  a  cicrk  of  the  green  cloth — George 
Jackfon,  Efq;  judge  advocate  of  the  admi- 
ralty Rt.  hon.  George  Onflow,  is  eleaed 
high  ftevirard  of  Kingfton  upon  Thames,  in  the 
room  of  his  late  father^— Thomas  Coventry, 
Efqi-^rputy  governor  of  the  South  fea  com- 
pany— The  duke  of  Marlborough,  an  elder 
brother  of  tlie  Frinity-honfe— Colonels  Sal- 
ter, Hudfon,  and  Parker,  are  conftituted 
majors-general  of  the  forces— James  Holmes, 
Efqi  captain  of  Carifbrook-caftle-. William 
Mailers,  E({;^  lieutenat  col.  of  the  25th  regi- 
mmt  of  foot — Mr.  Cornelle,  major  of  the 
3^th — Major  Cane,  lieutenant  colonel  of 
the  royal  regiment  of  dragoons— Mr.  Skey, 
lieutenant  colontl  of  the  49th  regiment  of 
fool — Lord  Robert  Beitie,  governor  of  Dun- 
cannon  lort — Lieut.  Col.  Pringle,  mailer 
of  the  kings  works,  &c.  in  Scotland. 


B— NK— prs. 

Jo  Ii  N  "Samey,  of  Catter-!ane,  jroldfhiith. 
Mordecai  Mofes.  of  Portfmouth  common,  dealer. 
Ifrael  Sanders  and  fiarnet  Hyan)s,.or  Rofeoiary 

lane,  ialesoien. 
William  Britnel,  of  Exeter,  ironmonger. 
Ttiomas  Sugden.  of  Bradford,  linnen-draper. 
John  Potter,  of  Wakefield,  goldCmieh  and  jeweller. 
Thomaa  Pixley,  Jan.  of  Old^Fifli-ftreet,  fcale  beam 

maker. 
Joiiepli  Scott,  of  London,  merchant. 
John  Cafe,  of  Beirbindcr'ltACi  Sogineeft  MUU 

wtlght,  ana  bt^iaa. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


334  June 

An  IMPARTIAL  RE  VIE  Wef  NEW  P  UBLIC  ATI  ONS. 


ARTICLE    I. 
CfHE  Battlff  the  ^iilt,   or  Wilktt  at* 
ucked  tad  dtfiwdsd,  74^in$  8to.  Wil- 

A  paltry  cofDpiktioo  from  the  Tarioui  ad- 
irertifementi  publiflied  pro  and  con  aboat  Mr* 
Wilket  duriag  the  late  ele^oni  for  London 
tnd  Middlefcx. 

II.  Tbi  Cuifi  of  bit  Cract  the  DukeofPwt" 
land,  &c,   S?o.     Almon. 

As  we  have  already  given  an  eztraA  from 
this  pamphlet,  our  readera  are  fufficiently 
acquainted  with  the  purport  of  it  j  and  there- 
fore nothing  ia  neceffary  but  to  fpeak  of  iti 
merit  at  a  comporition^  which  is  far  from 
inconfiderable. 

III.  >^  Mirror  fir  Courts  Martial  \  in  wbicb 
tbe  Comptai/ttf,  Trial,  Senteitci,  and  Punijh- 
mcnt  ef  David  Biakeney,  are  reprtfenfd  and 
examinfd  nvitb  Cartdour.  By  C  Lucas,  M,  D, 

If  this  mirror  tor  court  martials  is  founded 
UDon  fa£ls>  as  from  the  charaAer  of  the  au- 
thor, Vho  is  ;he  celebrated  rcprefentative  of 
Dubh'n  in  tbe  Iri(h  parliament,  there  is  bat 
too  much  reafon  to  imagine,  it  is  afioniihing 
that  govrrnmeot  will  not  enquire  into  the 
cruelties  exercifed  upon  our  private  militJry 
men,  and  rcfcue  them  from  the  opprciHoAi 
under  which  they  frequently  groan  through 
the  tyranny  of  their  office^r. 

IV.  Remarks  on  a  ^ermon  lately  puhlijbed\ 
entitled  Mafonry  tbe  fVay  to  Hell,  Being  a  De- 
fence if  tbat  antient  and  bctsuurable  Order,  tf- 
£ainft  tbe  Jefuitkal  Sopbijlry  and  Calumny  of 
tbe  Autbor,  By  John  Thomplbn^  35  pages, 
t^o,  Axte!l. 

A  very  trifling  animadverfion  on  a  very 
trifling  produdion. 

V.  A  Letter  to  David  Garrick,  Efj\  eon- 
(erning  a  Glojfary  to  tbe  Plays  oyShskefpeare, 
on  a  more  extenfive  Plan  tban  bas  bitberto  ap- 
peared \  to  wbicb  is  annexed  a  Specimen.  110 
pages,  8vo.     Becket. 

In  this  little  work  a  reader  of  tafte  will 
£nd  many  new,  ingenious,  and  critical  obfer- 
vations. 

VI.  /i  L-etter  to  a  Bijhop  concerning  Leilurt' 
fhipt,     Hy  F.  T.   is.     Baldwin. 

This  little  piece  is  well  worth  the  peru- 
ial  of  every  wt-ll-wi(her  to  the  clergy,  being 
fuH  of  flrong  fenfe,  and  feai'onable  expoftula- 
Cion. 

VII.  An  Enauiry  into  tbe  Caufe  wbicb  ob» 
flruQed  tbe  Rijcrmatton%  and  batb  bitberto  pre^ 
vent(d  Its  progrefs.  Sec.  53  pages,  8vo* 
Becker.  ^  , 

Pi/lemical  divinity  has  feldom  many  admi* 
reit,  and  therefore  we  do  not  fuppofe  that 
this  article  will  give  any  extraordinaiy  plea- 
fure  to  tbe  public. 

VIII.  A  Letttr  to  tbe  Rigbt  Hon.  Thomas 
Harley,  Eff,  Lord  Mayer  of  tbe  City  of  Lon- 
don, ^c.  i».  8vo*  Bingley. 

4 


An  ignorant  inflammatory  produQioa^ 
written  by  ipme  partisan  of  Mr.  Wilkes,  ia 
reieptment  for  the  lord  mayor*a  condua  to 
that  |entleman,  during  the  lite  eleQion  for 
the  uty  of  London. 

IX.  Obfervationt  on  S.  V  k*a  01M 
Evidence*  6d.  Peat. 

This  relate!  to  thp  Baltimore  trial,  which» 
we  fpoke  of  fo  fully  in  our  laf^  number,  tnd 
of  which  there  can  be  now  nothing  neceflar/ 
to  inform  our  readers, 

X.  Tbe  FiiTtm^  a  Poem,  if.  6d.  4(0.  Steare* 
A  contemptible  x^pfody  addfefled  to  Mr« 

Wilkes,  on  Liberty  and  the  conftituiion. 

XI.  Tbe  Managers    managed,     is.     4to« 
A  paltry  ftring  of  rhymes  on  the  difpoiei 

of  the  Covent'Garden  managers. 

XII.  Tba  Fig- Leaf,  21  pages,  4^* 
Tomlinfon. 

An  unaccountable  jumble  of  matter  and 
impertinency. 

XIII.  For  ever  a  Poem,  is.  4to.  Kewbery. 
A  piece  of  poetical  infinity  on  tbe  times , 

the  merit  of  which  may  be  judged  of  by  the 
four  following  lines  at  the  condufion  of  it. 
Then  /hall  we  fee,  with  patriotic  seal 
Unite  at^nce,  to  ferve  the  public  weal, 
A  Grafton,  Rockingham,  and  Bedford  tuo» 
With  Grenville*!  able  head,   and  heart  aa 
true. 

XIV.  A  Letter  to  an  anguft  AJfcmhly  om 
tbe  prefent  Pofiure  of  J^airs,  &c,  4to.  as. 
Tomlinlbn. 

A  defpicable  catchpenny,  compiled  frooa 
the  ravings  of  feme  unfortunate  garretteer, 
who  has  gone  diftra£ied  frote  a  patriotic  at- 
tachment tb  the  great  caufe  of  Wilkes  and 
Liberty. 

XV.  7be  Battle  of  tbe  Bonnets,  a  political 
Poem  from  tbe  Erie,  410.  2s.  6d.  Bingley. 

This  poem  was  publi(hed  fome  years  ago, 
if  we  miftake  not,  under  the  name  of,  Tbe  • 
Battle  ef  tbf  Genii,  and  indeed  we  are  con- 
firmed in  this  conjeAure,  becaufe  this  very 
name  flill  remains  through  the  whole  body  of 
the  performance,  and  tbe  Battle  of  tbe  Bon* 
nets  is  infcrted  on  the  title-page. — We  there* 
fore  imagine  the  new  title  to  be  nothing 
more  than  tn  ■  ingenious  fcheme,  which  the 
bookfeller  has  adopted  to  fell  an  old  publica. 
lion,  though  we  think  the  artifice  a  little  too 
paltry  for  a  patriot  like  Mr.  Bingley,  who  ia 
at  this  monreot  nobly  braving  all  the  thun- 
ders of  nunifleiial  vengeance  to  prop  the  li- 
berties of  his  country. 

XVI.  rbe  Liberty  of  tbe  SubjeB  and  tbe 
Dignity  of  tbe  Crown  maintained,  and  fecured 
HOitbout  the  Application  if  a  military,  ufuon' 
ftitufional  Force.  8vo.  is.  6d.    Keaifley. 

This  per  ormance  coofifts  of  various  in- 
ftances  from  hiifory,  where  tbe  (heriff  or  ci- 
vil magiflrate,  has  quelled   the    mod  dangc- 
jdui  riuu  without  any  alTiAaoce  from  a  mi^- 
'^  '   •  tary 


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1768.  Paoli  and  VJ\\kt%  compared.  ^^5 

tary  force,  lai  the  inthor  imapnei,  that  readers,  firft  dcfiring  them  to  cLfenre  how 
whit  wai  done  in  fonner  occaiiont  njiy  be  like  the  traveller  in  the  fable  he  blows  hoc 
SI  eafily  pra£tifed  upon  future. — Thedcfign 
of  it  at  thit  particular  period  ii  obvioui— 
and  to  make  it  a  deHrable  pennyworth,  the 
writer  givet  a  Jong  extraft  from  Sir  Thomn 
More's  Utopia,  which  he  introduces  with  a 
cnrfory  fketch  of  his  life,  and  fome  juft  en- 
comiums on  his  charader. 

XVII.  ^  Defcription  tf  the  Mock  EUdUn 
St  Carrat,   &c,  colieaed/or  the  AoMfiment  of 
'fa  Pirfin 


s  Country  Friend^  by  i 


I  Ml  tb%  Spot,  Sto. 


3?  pages.    Bioglej. 

We  could  have  wilhed  that  the  compiler 
of  the  prcfent  performance  had  confined  it  en- 
tirely to  his  coonUy  friend,  at  we  are  appre- 
henhve  it  will  not  affoid  any  intelligent 
reader  the  minuteft  fatisfadion. 

XVIII.  The  Lamntstion  of  Britannia  for 
the  tvfo  and  twenty  Moittbt  Imprifinment  of 
John  Wilkes,  Efyi  6d.  Woodgate. 

Thit  is  little  better  than  a  blafphemy 
borlefqoc  on  the  fervice  of  the  church,  by 
fome  ignorant  admirer  of  the  gentleman 
whofe  confinement  hat  rendered  Britannia  fo 
mtferable. 

XIX.  The  Man  of  forty  Crowns^frcm  the 
French  ©^Voltaire.  104  pages,  8vo.  Becket. 

This  is  one  of  thofe  whimfical  jumbles 
which  contain  a  variety  of  thonghMh^n  a 
variety  of  heterogeneous  futy£U,^p  arc 
more  talked  of  on  account  0?  th*i#WBity, 
than  on  any  pleafore  or  inftruflion  which 
they  communicate  to  their  readers. 

XX.  j^n  EpiJIie  to  Jamea  Bofwe%  Effi 
occafioned  by  bis  baving  tranfmitted  tbt  moral 
H^ritirgt  if  Dr,  Samuel  Johnfon  laPafcal 
Paoli,  Gtatral  oftbe  Corficans.  H^itb  «  Pojf- 
(cript  containing  Tbougbts  on  Liberty  i  and  a 
Parallei,  after  tbe  manner  of  Plutarch  be- 
tvfeen  tbe  celebrated  Patriot  ofCorit  and  fohn 
Wilkes,  Efyi  Member  of  Parliament  for  Mid' 
diefex.  By  W,  K.  Effi  OSfavo,  11.  6d, 
Fletcher. 

Mr.  Bofwell,  to  whom  this  letter  it  ad- 
dretied,  having  in  his  Hiftory  of  Coifica 
made  very  honourable  mention  of  Dr.  Samuel 
Johnfon,  the  celebrated  author  of  the  Ram- 
bler, ai  a  moralift  and  a  philofopher,  W.  K. 
E(qj  is  extremely  offended,  and  the  tenden- 
cy of  the  prcftnt  perfornuflce  is  to  convince 
Mr.  Bofwell,  that  the  Dodtor  it  not  in  the 
leatt  entitled  to  either  of  thofe  refpe£VabIe 
charifters. 

if  we  can  hazard  a  conje£!urc,  the  Sfuire 
v»ho  has  obliged  the  world  with  this  letter,  is 
the  fame  liberal  writer,  who  has  animadvert- 
ed with  fo  much  decency  on  Dr.  Johnfon*s 
Shakcfpear,  and  after  tfiis  information  the 
public,  we  are  fure,  will  want  no  fpecimen 
either  of  his  language  or  his  arguments.— 
However,  as  the  Squire's  parallel  between 
Mr.  Wilkes  and  the  great  Corfican  has  no 
ffeiition  10  tbe  editor  of  Shakcfpear,  we  fliall 
give   that  part  of  his  performance  to  our 


and  cold  with  the  fame  breath,  making  hia 
fimilitude  at  one  time  with  the  utmo(V  gra* 
vity,  and  at  another  turning  the  very  cha- 
ra^rs  into  contempt,  which  he  would  be 
willingly  thought  to  confider  with  the  deepeft 
veneration.— This  is  imprpper^it  is  abfurd 
—it  if  ridiculous.— But  fA  Squire  fliall  fpealc 
for  himfelf,  and  we  doubt  not  but  he  will 
provoke  as  many  to  a  farcaftic  rifibility  at 
think  proper  to  honour  him  with  a  perufal. 

<'  As  to  the  two  perfons  whom  I  have  cho- 
fen  to  compare  together^  it  may  be  obferved 
in  the  firft  place,  tfa»t  they  yield,  inpatriotifm 
and  popularity,  to  few  or  none  of  thofe  law- 
givers, generals,  and  heroes,  which  are  ufu- 
ally  the  fubjedl  of  Plutarch's  enquiries. 

With  rcfpeft  to  their  education,  that  of 
both  has  been  liberal. 

Mr.  Bofwell  fays  of  the  general,  '**that  he 
talked  a  great  deal  on  hiftory  and  on  litera- 
ture. I  foon  perceived  that  he  v^s  a  fine 
daftical  fcholar,  that  his  mind  was  enriched 
with  a  variety  of  knowledge,  and  that  hit 
converfation  at  meals  was  inftru^ve  and  en« 
tertainiog.  Before  dinner  he  had  fpoken 
French." 

All  this  may  be  faid  with  the  greateft  truth 
of  Mr.  Wilkes;  and  I  remember  particularly 
that  when  I  had  one  day  the  pleafi^re  of  di- 
ning with  him,  before  dinner  be  bad  fpokem 
Frencb,  • 

Then  again  there  is  fomethtng  extremely 
odd  in  each  of  them,  in  the  beginning  of 
their  formation  of  an  acquaintance.  **  In 
confequence  of  their  being  in  continual  dan- 
ger from  treachery  and  aflafiination,  they 
have  formed  a  habit  of  ftudiouHjf  obferving 
every  new  face.**  Mr.  Bofwell  afliires  ui, 
that  this  is  the  cafe  with  Paoli ;  and  I  have 
obferved  it  to  be  fo  true  with  regird  to  Mr, 
Wilkes,  that  when  it  hat  appeared  there  could 
be  no  danger  from  the  parties,  even  when 
the  ladies  have  vifited  him,  he  has  been  to  a 
remarkable  degree,  though  a  bold  man,  ftu- 
diouflyobfcrvant  of  every  new  face. 

They  are  alifee  too  in  the  very  gracioua 
manner  in  which  they  receive  compliments. 
I  take  Mr.  Bofwelfs  word  for  Paoli,  to  f{he 
numerous  aflfcmbly  that  were  in  Guildhall, 
during  the  late  poll  for  city  members,  in  re» 
gard  to  the  fingular  politenefs  of  Mr.  Wilkes. 
The  fuccefs  of  Paoli,  in  acquiring  fuch  a 
power  over  the  Corficans,  in  tbe  manner  he 
has  done,  is  very  extraordinary ;  but  the 
vaft  extent  of  Mr.  Wilkes's  power  and  popu- 
pularity  is  abfolutely  amazing!  Mr.  Bofwell 
obferves,  in  the  wods  of  Thuanus,  funt  mo* 
bitii  Corjorum  ingeria  \  the  difpofition  0^ 
the  Corficans  arc  changeable.  And  yet, 
fays  he,  after  ten  years,  their  attachment  to 
Paoli,  is  as  ftrong  as  at  the  firft.  Nay,  they 
have  40  enthufiaftic  adsiiration  of  him, 
^tfiro  grand'  itomt  mandatoper  d'u  a  liber jra 


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33^ 

U  patriae  Thii  ^eat  maa  whom  GokI  hat 
fenc  to  free  bur  country  !  was  the  manner 
in  which  they  czpreiTcd  tbemlclvec  to  me 
concerniog  him. 

Now^o  ooe  can  4oabt  that  the  difpofition  of 
^e  Englifli  ia  aa  changeable  aa  the  Corfi- 
canaj  and  yet,  after  many  years,  theif  at- 
tach meot  to  Mr.  Wilkea  ia  as  ftiong^  or 
fironger  than  at  firft.  And  ai  to  what  his 
enthuliaflic  admirers  fay  of  him,  J  c^iiqic 
SI  hardly  decent  or  fafe  ro  repeat  it.  Mr. 
Bofwell  mentions  it  ai  a  great  thing  that 
Paoli>  furrounded  by  his  guards,  could  re» 
ihaia  the  impetuofi(y  ofthe  populace  croud- 
ing  to  an  audience.  But  what  is  th^s  to  Mr. 
"Wilkea't  influence  over  the  populate ;  who 
when  he  was  committed  to  prifon  by  a  court 
of  law,  was  rcfcued  by  the  people,  and  h,id 
authoiity  enovgh  over  a  multitudinous  mob, 
to  put  in  execution  the  otherwife  ineffc£tual 
order  of  his  judges^  and  to  proted  their 
officerafrom  infult^ 

Aa  it  is  natural  for  the  enthuSaftic  ad- 
mirers of  any  man  to  fall  into  abfurd  nottona 
of  hit  mottires  of  action,  fo  it  is  natural 
for  the  admirers  of  one  man  to  fall  into  the 
fime  abfurditie^  of  another. 

Thu?,  fome  of  Mr  Witkrs's  fr'cnds  have 
fuppofed,  as  Mr.  Bofwell  did  of  Paoli,  that 
be  had  a  foul  fuperior  to  inrereft.  But  what 
was  PaoU*s  anlwer  ?  Even  this.^«  It  it 
not  fuperior,  faid  he,  my  intereft  is  to  gam 
a  name.  I  know  well  chat  he  who  does 
good  to  his  country  will  gain  that*.  And  I 
«ipea  it." 

Mr.  Wtlkes*s  heart  grows  big  like  that  of 
Paoli,  when  he  talks  of  his  countrymen. 
He  feems  defirous  like  him  to  fetile  the  con- 
ilitution  of  his  country,  and  to  wifli  for  no- 
thing  fo  much,  as  to  have  an  opponuaity 
of  convincing  his  feJlqw  fubjc^t,  '*  that  the 
magiArates  aft  with  abilities  and  uprlghtnefs  j 
fo  that  we  may  place  that  fatuiary  confidence 
in  our  rulers,  which  is  neceiliiry  for  fecuring 
refpe^t  and  ftahility  to  government.** 

in  converliDgon  thefe  fubjefts  andparticu> 
larly  on  the  affairs  of  generJ  warrants,  he 
falls,  lii<e  Paoli,  into  frequent  reveries,  and 
bfcaiks  into  fallies  of  the  grandeft  and  nobleft 
c^thufiafm.  I  recoiled  two  inftancet  of  this 
^aya  Mr.  Bofi^ell.  fpcaking  of  Paoli.  '*  What 
»  thought !  that  thoufaoda  owe  their  happi- 
neis  to  you  !**  then  throwing  bimfeU'into  an 
attitude,  as  if  he  faw  the  lofty  mountain  of 
fame  before  him,  "  There  is  my  objcft 
(pointing  to  the  fumrolt)  if  I  fall,  I  fall  at 
lead  there  (pointin|:  ,a  good  way  up)  magnis 
tamtn  accidtt  aujis,'**  I  remember  to  have 
obferved  fomething  of  the  fame  kind  once 
in  Mr.  Wilkes.  "  What  a  dccifion  !*'  f-ys 
he  (meaning  that  againft  General  warrants) 
••  thoufands  will  owe  their  fecurily  to  me  T* 
then  throwing  himfelf  back  in  his  char,  «s 
if  he  faw  the  poft  on  the  pinnacle  of  fame 
vacant.  '«  Ihcre^  is  my  ohjeft,*'  pointing 
a»  iitgh  9%  he  could.  <  if  1  fail,  1  fail  at  1;  A 


DaoLL  ArPosiTiONs. 


June 


thfM,:^*  pointing  a  gpod  way  bwer  down,  to. 
a  poft  of  honour  loo,  ll^o*  not  a  frivaiejia» 

tfOILl 

It  would  be  Alnioft  en^Iefs  to  particulariat 
every  inftance  of  fimllarity  in  thefe  two  illu« 
flrious  characters.  I  Hiall  proceed  iheretofe 
to  mention  a  circumHance  in  which  they  are 
notfimilar;  which  is  Piutarch*s  ufual  way 
too,  as  well  as  that  of  his  imitators.  The 
f^cujtie^  of  Mr.  Wilkes*s  mind  are  not  f* 
ipu;:h  concentrated  in  that  fingle  one  of  fore- 
fight,  as  Paoli*s  are  reprefentcd  to  be.  Papl! 
is,  according  to  Mr.  Bofwell,  polTeiled  of  the 
gift,  talent,  or  whatever  you  pleafe  to  call 
it,  of  fecond  fight.  Whetlier  he  be  the  foq 
of  a  feventh  fon,  we  are  not  informed,  but 
t}ie  inftances  of  his  forefeeing  future  events^ 
it  is  hinted,  are  at  numerous  as  the  hairs  oq 
your  hcM.  On  this  fubjcA  I  cannot  help 
repeating  the  obfervation  of  that  learned  imi- 
Utor  of  Plutarch  whom  I  endeavour  to  imi- 
tate, baud pajfibui  e^uii  I  <<  I  doubt  not,  but 
that  it  is  th«  fame  with  the  fiicuhies  of  tho 
mind,  as  it  is  with  the  limbs  of  the  body, 
which  ever  is  exercifed  much  mote  than  the 
reft.  It  is  a  common  obfervatioo,  and  ge- 
nerally holds  through  the  whole  fet,  that  a 
chairman*!  legs  will  be  more  mufcular  in  pro-* 
portion  than  his  arms :  »nd  a  rower>  arms 
qioie  mufcular  than  his  legs,**  Juft  in  the 
fame  manner  if  one  man  was  to  exercife 
his  mental  opticks,  only  in  looking  ftraight 
forward,  as  appears  to  be  the  cafe  of  Paoli, 
•  while  another  cooftantly  excrcifcs  his  natural 
opticksJn  looking  tranverftdy,  as  in  the  cafe 
of  Mr.  Wilkes,  it  it  no  wonder  that  the  one 
ihould  acquire  a  foxe light  to  an  infinite  de- 
gree beyond  the  other.  Hence  it  is  tbi»t 
while  Paoli  rca4s  the  events  in  fuiurity,  it  it' 
not  in  the  power  of  poor  Mr.  Wilkes  to 
look- right  forward  an  inch  beyond  his  nofe* 

Paoli  pzpgnofticates  liberty  and  profperity  to 
hit  brave  Corficaos  afur  his  deceafe ;  Wilkes 
predifta  nothing,  but  is  in  doubt  what  will 
become  of  the  rights  and  pr  vileges  of  £sg» 
lifhmen  even  while  he  Is  alive« 

Paoli  is  a  prophet  as  well  as  a  patriot : 
Wilkes  may  be  a  patriot,  but  in  that  he  is 
no  conjuror. 

On  the  whole,  it  it  difficult  to  fay  which 
hath  the  greater  merit.  If  the  Corficant  have 
reaped  advan|:aget  from  the  patriotic  fpirit 
and  ^reat  talents  of  Paoli,  fo  have  the  £ng« 
liHi  ttom  thofe  of  Mr.  Wilkea  ;  each  ap- 
pearing to  have  exerted  fuch  ipiriu  and  ta- 
lents in  a  very  extraordinaiy  mannen  But  of 
the  l>^o,  Mr.  Wilkes  is  certainly  the  moft 
enterprizing  patriot  in  England,  and  Paoli  by 
much  the  one  more  fortunate  la  Corfica.*' 

g:^  IFe  ha've  received  many  wilctme  fa* 
•vcurt  from  cur  cartrihutors,  in  f  rife  and  verfe, 
iibichioill  be  injtrttd  in  oar  next,  axd  fcmt 
tiffic/ti  ufu.il  in  the  Lond,  Mag.  not  yet  ctim* 
/>/,!(d,  ^viH  J'Jo  he  bnugbt  down  t§  that  tiwu. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


The  London  Magazine. 


Or^   gentleman's  Monthly  Intelligencer  \ 
For     JUL  Y,     1768. 


The  Eritifli  Theatre  339 

Cautions  in  Regard  toMuOirooms  340 
Addrefs  to  the  Members  of  Carlifle  341 
Defci  iption  of  the  PaUce  of  Ludewigl- 
luft  343 

The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  Seflion  of  Par- 
lia'ment,  &c.  345 — 349 

Oifl  and  New  Strelitz  defcribcd  349 
And  the  fine  Palace  at  the  Latter  35a 
Extraordinary  Efcape  351 

The  Leniming,  an  uncommon  Ani- 
mal ibid. 
The  Ducks  of  Iceland  defcribcd 
Method  of  rearing  Turkies 
A  new  Qocftion 
Hint  to  a  late  Wiiter 
A  Speech 

A  remarkable  ElefVion  and  Proteft  354 
Expences  of  the  King's  State  Coach  355 
Letter  to  theEirl of  Shelbiirn  ibid.  356' 
Virrues  of  Tobacco  in  Fumigation  357 
The  Spirit  of  Churchifm  iurther  ex- 
plaining itfeif  358 — 360 
The  Bat  defcribcd 


35* 
ibid, 
ibid, 
ibid. 

353 


Excellent  Remarks  of  Mr.  Black- 
burn 361 
Sketch  ofthe  Trial  of  Mr.  Gillam  362 
Letter  to  the  Author  of  An  Appeal^ 
&c.  365 
Battle  of  the  Frizeurs  366 
Speech  of  a  Great  Lawyer  367—369 
Andrew  Marvel  defended  370 
New  Methods  to  dcftroy  Vermin  ibid. 
Phenomenon  in  Anatomy  explained  371 
Ladies  Heads  fatirized  37* 
Tall  Patagontans  defcribcd  373 
Short  Enquiry  into  a  new  Do6>rine  374 
I^etter  to  Ld  Camden,  fromN.Eng.  375 
Poetical  Essays  377 — 3S1 
Inftru^Vionto  the  Cotillon  Dancen  380 
The  Monthly  CHRONOLOGtR  381 
Marriages  and  Births;  Deaths  384 
Foreign  Affairs  385 
Impartial  Review  of  New  Publications 

329 
Elogy  on  Vt,  Henry  of  Pi  ufHa  ibid. 
Of  the  Court  of  Star- Chamber  390 

Stocks,  Grain;  Wind  and  Weather  338 


362 

WITH 

An  accurate  Plak  of  the  Streets  and  Roads,  between  the  three  Bridges  of  Lon- 
don, Westminster,    and  Black-FriaRS  ;    Lambeth ^    NenjcingtoHt  and   St. 
MargnreCs  htll^    &c.   together  with   the   new  intended  Streets,    Roads,    and 
Communications  :•  And  a  View  of  the  Bridge,  at  Black- frian, 
Alfo  a  fine  front  View  of  the 
ELEGANT  PALACE  of  LUDE WIGSLUST,    in   MECKLENBURGH  j 
Both  moft  beautifully  engraved. 


LONDON:    Printed  for  R.Baldwin,    at  No.   ^7*    i"   Pater-nofter  Row  j 

Of  whom  may  be  had,  compleat  Sets,  from  ihc  Year  1731,  to  this  Time^  neatly  bound  or 

ftitchcd,  or  any  fingle  Mojiih  to  ccinpletc  Setr. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


tS  ?.S  2  «  g  «  g.S  ?  S  ?  Si  ^S  :: 


«  a 


■=■5  2  =I«^«^2.§5 


d   H   M  M   fi   «|   rt^ 

Digitized  by  VjOO^ 


THE 


London  Magazine, 

For     JULY,      1768. 


THE     BRITISH     THEATRE. 


ff^S  it  is  on  all  hands 
^  allowed,     that     the 


'••|^  •*'*  *^ ^'^  ftage  was  originaily 
Cy  A  l)  intended  to  give  in- 
jfi  fe^       ftniftion   the  air  of 

W  ^^  "^  entertainment,  and 
si   9^  WW  defigned   to  intereft 

*^-^  »w^  the  heart  in  the  caufe 

of  virtue ;  our  theatres  (hould  therefore 
be  conftantly  felicitous  to  reprefcnt 
fuch  pieces  only,  as  are  evidently 
calculated  to  promote  the  impor- 
tant ends  of  their  falutary  inilitu- 
tion.  The  moment  thev  are  proftita- 
tcd  to  the  purpofes  of  tolly  or  liccnti- 
cufnefs,  that  moment  they  become  dan- 
gerousi  and  inftead  of  meriting  the 
public  prote6lion,  their  directors  de- 
f((i*ve  the  fevereft  reprehenfion  from 
every  fcnfible  conununity.  The  gene- 
ral complaint  at  prefent  urged  againd 
the  conductors  of  our  theatres  by  rhe 
admirers  of  the  drama,  is,  that  we 
have  loft  all  the  wit  which  rendered 
the  pcodu6lion»  of  Wychcrly,  Van- 
burgh,  and  Cqngreve,  fo  acceptable 
to  our  forefathers;  tiiat  we  are  no 
longer  entertained  with  animated  dia- 
logue>  or  lively  fallies  of  imagination, 
but,  on  the  contrary,  are  perfecuted 
.with  the  dull  declamations  of  labour- 
ed fentiment,  unnatural  manners,  and 
worn  out  morality— I  am  however  fo  far 
from  contidering  this  change  as  an  un- 
happinefs  that  I  look  upon  it  as  the 
greateft  piece  of  good  fortune ;  it  is 
much  better  to  be  dull  than  to  be 
profligate;  and  it  refltCls  more  ho- 
nour upon  us  to  approve  even  the  tri- 
teft  emanation  of  virtue,  than  to  be 
charmed  with  the  molt  fparkling  effort 
of  a  blafphemous  jeft,  or  a  brilliant 
obfcenity. 

l(  we  look  into  the  celebrated  wri- 
tings of  VVychtrly,  Congreve,  pr  Van- 
burg,  fo  tar  from  finding  them  maf- 
July,   176J. 


ters  in  the  fcience  of  dramatic  pro- 
duction, we  ftiall  difcoverthcmto  beut* 
terly  unacquainted  with  the  great,  the 
ultimate  defign  of  the  theatre  ;  inftead 
of  fupporting  the  interefts  of  virtue 
for  which  the  ftage  was  inftituted,  they 
are  continually  endeavouring  to  de- 
bauch the  principles  of  their  readers-^ 
jnftead  of  employing  their  talents  to 
improve,  they  are  continually  labour- 
ing to  corrupt  their  countrymen——* 
and  inflead  of  exerting  therofelvcs  to 
render  vicious  charafiers  either  con- 
temptible or  odious,  their  fine  ladies 
in  general  are  common  flrumpets,  and 
their  fine  gentlemen  as  generally  infa- 
mous  fharpers: Then  their    fools 

are  conftantly  perfons  of  extraordinary 
wit,  and  the  principal  ohje6bs  of  ridi- 
cule are  decency  and  virtue. 

Tliis  then  being  the  cafe  what  have  we 
loft,  by  the  difregard  into  which  thcfe 
writers  have  fo  juftly  fallen  ?  Nothing 
in  reality  but  what  we  fhould  be  glad 
to  lofe— nothing  in  fa6l  but  what  was 
dangerous,  nay  Icandalcus  to  be  retain- 
ed.Their  produ6lions  might  pofl*e6  wit, 
but  they  wanted  common  fenfe ;  they 
might  be  iiigenbus  but  ftill  they  were 
detcftable. — In  works  of  literature  we 
are  always  to  fix  the  criterion  of  merit 
by  the  ftandard  of  utility,  and  no  com- 
pofition  can  ever  be  reckoned  good 
which  has  not  a  tendency  toinftru6l"  us ; 
how  then  are  we  to  chara6lcrife.thofe 
performances,which,  (0  far  from  having 
this  tendency,  are,  on » the  contrary, 
calculated  to  fiibvert  every  principle 
both  of  civil  and  religious  focicty  ? 
Why  we  arc  to  treat  \hem  with  the 
abhorrence  they  merit— we  are  to  men- 
tion them  as  the  disgraces  of  geniu?, 
and  to  ttamp  an  evrriaiiivg  ftigma  on 

the  names  of   th.r  author r. The 

more  elegant  we  liud  iljcm,  tiiC  more 
our  indignation  flijuld  be  roufcd 

U  u  a  Tii<j 


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The 


340 

The  efforts  of  a  fool  to  prejudice  the 
caufe  of  morality  can  only  excite  our 
contempt  5  but  when  men  of  real  ge- 
nius fit  Icrioufly  down,  and  drain  eve- 
ry nerve  to  eft-blifli  the  empire  of  li 
ccntioufnefs,  we  ought  to  feel  a  hatred 
for  their  profligacy,  not  a  veneration 
lor  their  talents,  and  Ihould  confider 
them  not  as  ornaments  to  genius,  but 
as  fcandals  to  humanity. 
•  Wit  is  but  a  poor  excufe  either  for 
indecency  or  irreiigion  ;  and  the  wodl 
of  all  aflaffins  is  be  who  fmilctin  our 
faces  while  he  plunges  a  dagger  into 

our  hearts. On  this  account  I  am 

exceedingly  offended  with  our  modern 
critics,  who  call  out  for  a  reprefenta- 
tion  of  fuch  pieces  as  have  been  writ- 
ten by  Wycherly,  and  fomc  of  his  ce- 
lebrated, yet  abandoned,  cotempora- 
ries  i  for  if  .thofe  productions  are  to 
be  made  the  llandard  of  dramatic  com- 
poiition,  which  are  calculated  not  to 
inftru6t  but  to  corrupt  the  minds  of 
the  public,  it  is  much  better  utterly 
to  abolifh  the  theatre,  than  to  keep  it 
open  by  authority  to  give  us  a  con- 
tempt for  every  thing  which  we  ought 
to  efteem,  and  a  paffion  for  every  thing 
which  we  ought  to  view  with  detefta- 
tion. 

The  theatrical  produ6lions  of  the 
prefenttime,  though  fo  generally  ri- 
diculed by  the  pert,  or  the  inconfide- 
ratc,    are  neverthelefs  founded  upon 
good  fenfe,  and  have  a  manifeft  view 
to  promote  the  laudable  ends  for  which 
tiie  ftage  was  originally  crefted.— 
If  therefore  the  public  mind  is  fo  well 
difpofed  as  td  prefer   them    to  thofe 
glittering  compofitions  of  wit  and  H- 
centioufnefs,  which  formerly  gave  fo 
much  fatisfaClion,  he  muft  be  an  ene- 
my to  virtue  who  fpcaks  of  them  with 
difapprobation  on  account    of  their 
gravity. — By  condemning  fentimental 
pieces,  we  reafon  againft  the  fenfe  of 
our  own  conviction,  and  nothing  can 
be    a    (Ironger  argument  of    a    bad 
heart,  than  a  willingnefs  to  be  enter- 
tained at  the'  expence  of  morality.— 
From  this  I  would  by  no  means  infer 
that  the  abortive  endeavours  of  ftupi- 
dity   are  to  be  encouraged,    becaufe 
ttiey  may  be  written  with  a  good  de- 
fi^n.— Dulnefs  will  always  be  expo- 
fed  to  contempt,  and  the  wretched  ex- 
ecution of  a  blockhead  be  treated  with 
derifion,   however  meritorious  his  mo- 
tive i  but  where  men  of  real  talents  give 
J 


British    Theatre.  July 

us  a  connefted  interefting  fable,  where 
they  condu^  that  fable  judicioufly,  and 
prefent  us  not  only  with  an  inftruftivc 
but  an  entertaining  pi6ture  of  life,  it 
is  the  bufinefs  of  every  benevolent 
fpeClator  to  give  the  ftrongeft  marks  of 
applaufe,  and  the  kindeft  thing  that 
can  be  fatid  of  thofe  who  cenfure  it  for 
being  grave,  is,  that  they  are  wholly 
deftitute  of  underftanding.— ^Having 
thus  given  my  opinion  in  favour  o£ 
the  prefent  times  in  oppofition  to  the 
days  of  our  forefathers,  it  is  with 
mqrtificalion  I  find  myfelf  obliged  by 
the  nature  of  my  plan  to  tell  the  read- 
er, that  a  very  contemptible  mulical 
comedy  of  two  a6ts  has  been^  lately 
performed  at  the  theatre  royal  in  the 
Haymarket,  entitled.  The  States- 
man Foiled,  the  charaftert  and  ftory 
of  which  are  1 


Lord  Crafty,  Mr.  SonuJon* 

Meanwell,  Mr.  Mabon. 

Worthy,  Mr,  Banijier. 

Minute,  Mr. 

'Servant,  Mr, 

Emilia,  Mift  Edivards* 

Sally,  Mifs  Grou. 

FABLE. 

Lord  Crafty  is  a  ftatefman  of  little 
honour  and  lefs  abilities ;  Emilia  is 
his  niece,  who  is  in  love  with,  and  be- 
loved by,  Meanwell,  but  as  her  uncle 
entertains  a  defign  of  marrying  her 
very  highly,  and  as  her  fortune,  by 
her  father's  will,  depends  upon  ob- 
taining  his  lordihip's  fan6tion  to  any 
union  of  a  matrimonial  nature,  the 
lovers  are  under  a  neceflity  of  working 

by  a  (Iratagem and  Emilia  to  pur  it 

out  of  Lord  Crafty 's  power  (who  tho* 
he  has  a  negative  to  her  choice,  has 
no  pofitive  right  to  force  her  inclina- 
tions) to  cheat  her  into  any  engage- 
ment, gives  Meanwell  a  formal  pro- 
mi  fe  of  marriage  in  writing. — This 
is  no  (boner  done  than  Worthy  % 
friend  of  MeanwelPs,  who  has  follow- 
ed the  fortunes  of  Lord  Crafty,  and 
fpent  his  whole  fortune  in  Aipporting 
that  nobleman's  intereft,  without  any 
other  return  but  fruitlefs  promifes,  in- 
troduces Sally  to  the  acquaintance  of 
the  audience,  as  a  main  auxiliary  in  a 
little  plan   which    be    has    concerted 

againft  the  ftatefman The  plan  is 

this :  Lord  Crafty  notwithftanding  his 
confcquence  in  the  government  is  ex- 
tremely fond  of  woiiien,  and  Worthy, 

who 


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1768.  The 

who  knows  his  foible,  gets  Sally,  an 
inieUigent  girl  of  the  town,  to  pafs  for 
his  (Wortby'O  wife,  and  in  this  clia- 
ra£ter  he  fends  her  to  his  lordfhip's  to 
upbraid  him  with  his  fcandalous  neg- 
leil  of  her  imaginary  hufband Sal- 
ly executes  her  com  million  with  the 
greateft  fuccefs,  and  Lord  Crafty,  who 
IS  violently  captivated,  comes  to  her 
houfe  in  the  evening  with  a  valuable 
employment  for  Worthy,  which  he 
gives  upon  a  ftrong  expetiation  of  be- 
ing admitted  to  the  Elyfiura  of  the  la- 
dy's arms, —  Sally,  however,  has  no 
iboner  fecured  the  written  appoint- 
ment to  the  place,  and  given  his  lord- 
lliip  fome  indications  of  her  willing- 
nels  to  oblige  him,  than  Worthy  en- 
ters, ieemingty  in  a  rage  at  the  injury 
intended  him,  and  infifts  upon  Lord 
Crafty *s  drawing  to  fatisfy  him  for  the 
attempt  upon  the  honour  of  his  bed. 
Lord  Crafty,  who  is  a  pitiful  coward, 
declines  the  combat  in  the  moit  abjf6t 
manner,  and  throws  himlclf  uiider 
the  proteftion  of  Meanwell,  who 
comes  in  by  delign,  and  pretends  to 
be  his  friend  5  Mr  an  well  begs  that 
Worthy  will  retire  for  a  few  moments, 
and  leave  him  alone  to  obtain  fatisfac- 

tion  from  the  terrified  (latefman. 

Worthy  accordingly  confents,  and  the 
price  of  his  lordlhip's  fecurity  from 
M:;anweU  is    at    la  It  concluded   to  be 

MeanwclTs  marriage   with   Emilia. 

This  being  agreed  to  by  Lord  Craf- 
ty all  the  parties  enter,  tell  him  how 
hw  has  been  duped,  and  laugh  at  him 
very  heartily. -h— He  takes  all  never- 
thelefs  in  good  part,  and  even  pro- 
mifes  to  provide  for  Sally,  who  has 
been  fo  mateiially  inftrumental  in  foil- 
ing him. Such  is  the  plot  of  this 

pretty  perfoi'mance — and  if  the  reatier 
would  wifti  to  fee  a  fpecimen  of  the 
author's  poetical  abilities,  he  may  in- 
dulge hiinfelf  with  a  perufal  of  the  fol- 
lowing dehttabk  duet,  which  is  fujig 
by  Worthy  and  Meanwell  at  the  end 
of  the  firlt  aa. 

DUET.     Worthy. 
May  right  and  liberty  prevail  j   [days  : 

While    peace  and   plenty  crown  our 
May  perfidy  and  fraud  e'er  fail  \ 

And  thofe  be  fccra'd  who  take  fuch 
Meanwell.  [ways. 

I,et  honeft  men  ruccefsful  he  ; 

And  knaves  meet  a  difaltrous  fall  :-- 
let  ev'ry  blefiing  prove  tlie  fee 

Of  jucfit/  to  be  gain'd  by  all.— — 


British  Theatre.  541 

Both. 
This  fentiment  we  ever  think, 
This  noble  toaft  we  now  will  drink. 

Who  the  putter- together  of  this 
trafh  is,  we  cannot  inform  our  read- 
ers.  The   mufic  however  is    com- 

po(ed  by  a  Mr.  Rufti,  but  is  neither 
very  remarkable  for  fimplicity  or  ele- 
gance. 


ro  the  AUTHOR   of  the    LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR,  Leigh,  July  176S. 

ne  open  fields ^  andfloiv'ry  do--wns  afford 
Mujbrooms  the  bejljor  the  luxurious  board 
Which  Jrefh^  no  poifonous  infers  board. 

HORACB. 

Ti  yTUSHROOMS  growing  in  open 
XVX  fields  are  certainly  more  whole- 
fome  than  others,  and  it  is  as  certain 
that  there  are  found  every  where,  both 
good,  and  bad,  of  the  fort. 

However  various  the  fpecies  of  efcu- 
lent  muftirooms  are  reckoned,  there  if 
but  one  with  us  of  common  ufc,  viz. 
the  field  mulhroom,  cnlled  by  th^ 
French,  who  are  fond  of  them,  cham- 
pignons,  and  are  ufed  as  delicate  faucc 
at  our  tables. 

Thefe  at  their  firft  growth  are  round, 
and  not  much  larger  than  fmall  nuts, 
or  buttons,  whence  denominated. 
After  they  have  a  little  unfolded  their 
membranes,  they  appear  red,  full,  and 
clofc  5  on  the  top  is  a  difagreeable  (bfc- 
nefs,  equal  and  white;  the  matter 
within  is  very  white,  with  fliort  and 
thick  ftalkfi. 

In  the  (talks ;  the  globular  parts  5 
and  alfo  between  the  little  membraniv^, 
may,  upon  careful  infpedlion,  efpecially 
with  a  magnifying  glafs,  be  letn  many 
fmall  worms  witii  fcarlet  heads,  feme 
very  little',  others  larger.  On  Tome 
muflirooms  a  great  quantity,  on  others 
fewer,  and  on  many  none  at  all ;  but 
yet  in  fuch  proportion  that  a  fifth  or 
fixth  part  is  generally  loaded  with  thefe 
vermicular  infcdls. 

Thefe  premifcs  well  ccnfidercd,  may 
It  not  be  concluded  tliat  thefe  anoma- 
lous plants  derive  their  pojfon  no.  f;-oiii 
thsmfelves  but  from  thoie  little  vene- 
mous  worms  bred  in  them,  whence  v\c 
hear  of  people  by  eating  muihroomi 
taken  ill,  fick,  and  even  fome  havii  dicil. 
As  a  confiruiation  of  tht:  irui ;.  of 
my  theory,  the  curious  cnqMir»r  for 
farther  faiisfa6^;jn  may  coiilidt  C^^j- 
darrius,  who  has  n<ci.i.»'v  1  y  deJc»*"ivi 
thci'c    nO."4!OL!S    5Ui::i:i!wUi.»,      l.llA     J'.^S 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


342 


Aidrejs  of  the  City  o/CarlLle. 


July 


they  are  moft  like  to  fmall  fcrpents,  or    of  ut  from  giving  you  that  fupport 


adders.  He  adds  too,  that  from  pu- 
trified  mulhrooms  there  are  wOnt  to 
come  forth  various  fpccies  of  fpiders, 
fome  leddilh,  others  of  an  oblong  iorm, 
of  a  yellow  colour,    and  extremely  ill 

fmell.  ,  ^        c     -r 

Thus  we  fee  that  the  mother  of  mif- 
chief  may  fometjmcs  be  mod  minute, 
yet  produce  fatal  cffc^^s  in  the  cud,  and 
that  even  the  fimple  fling  of  a  bee,  as 
I  have  elfewhcre  (hewn,  may  prove  as 
mortal  as  the  horn  of  a  bull.  Let  us 
fliun  then  in  a  natural  as  well  as  in  a 
moral  feufe  all  appearance  of  evil. 

But  if  we  muft,  and  will  indulge  our 
palate  in  the  ufe  of  thefe  favpury, 
though  hazardous  vegetables,  let  them 
be  well  looked  into,  fearched,  and 
wafhed,  and  only  prepare,  or  pickle 
thofc  that  have  none,  or  feweft  of  thefe 
poifonous  vermin  upon  them :  To 
fhis  end  let  the  felefted  mufhrooms  be 
^ell  foaked  firil  in  fait  water,  then 
wafhed  with  the  fame,  feveral  times 
ihifted,  to  kill,  or  fcour  off,  the  invi- 
fible  animalcular  vipers  lodged  therein. 
When  ever  poifoned  let  tiie  patient 
take  a  vomit,  the  fooner  the  better, 
often  grains  of  ipecacuanha,  or  a  dram 
of  white  vitriol,  in  warm  water.  After 
its  operation  is  over,  fwallow  a  fpo:n- 


tendered,  and  a  daily  refleftion  on  how 
much  we  owe  you,  and  how  mgch  we 
ought  to  dcteft  the  corrupt  and  infa- 
mous proceedings  praftifed  againltyou, 
will  be  a  happy  cement  of  union 
amon^ft  us.  Nothing,  we  truft,  will 
evercaufe  one  of  our  number  to  fwerve 
from  that  path,  which  has  fo  lately  led 
us  to  victory.  In  your  hands  our  li- 
berties, our  lives  and  properties  are 
fecure,  whilft  we  with  pleafurc  look 
forward  to  future  opportunities  of  de- 
monftrating  that  regard,  which  your 
whole  condudi^  towards  us  has  merited, 
and  which  we  unfeignedly  have  for 
you.  The  duty  we  owe  to  ourfelrc* 
and  the  public  calls  upon  us  to  demand 
your  attention  to  fome  things,  which 
probably  may,  and  we  truft  will,  fpee- 
dily  become  the  fubje6l  matter  of  your 
delioerations  in  parliament.  Every 
perfon  in  this  part  of  the  kingdom  is 
but  too  fully  convinced  of  the  necefJi- 
ty  of  a  law  for  quieting  the  poOeflions 
of  the  Tuhjeit  againlt  the  dormant 
claims  of  the  crown  ;  claims  which,  at 
a  very  remote  period,  may  poflibly  be 
held'  forth  by  bad  men  as  terrors  to  in- 
fluence the  freedom  of  our  elections, 
and  llifle,  if  pofllble,  the  ardent  fpiri^ 
of  Bririfh  liberty.  We  expe6l  from 
you  to  promote  with  your  utmoft  zeal 


ful  if  the    following    linaus    often,  , 

drinkine  freely  of  new  warm  miik  al.o  ar.d  abiht-.es  the  obtammg  of  fuch  a 

between  whiles.  -  ^^"^'^  ^^  ^'''  ^'^^^  ^*  procured,  we  eftcem 

R  Oil  of  fweet  armonds  newly  drawn,  every  man's  property  extj-emely  hazir 


four  ounces  i  fyrup  of  marlh  mal- 
lows two  ounces  ;  with  a  little 
fine  fugar  powdered  beat  them  up 
together,  till  well  mixed. 

Yours  J.  Cook. 


dous,  and  a  bait  to  infamous  inform- 
ers. There  is  another  matter  alfo  of 
the  moll  important  concern,  to  which 
we  befpeak  your  ferious  and  conftant 
attention  as  our  reprefcntatives.  In 
cafe   any  inftance  of  mi(behaviour  in 


7befollo'wing  Addrefs  to  the  Ri^bt  Hon.  returning  o5cers  fhould  occur,  we  call 

Lord  Edward  Bentinck  and  George  upon  you  to  exert  yourfclves  to  the 

Mufgrave,    Efq;    Reprefentatvves   in  utmoft  in  detefting  and  punifliing  with 

Parliament  for  the  City  q/Carliile,  boj  fevcrity  criminals  of  that  fort  ;    for  if 

been  Cent  up  to  tbemfrom  the  Freemen  of  the  franchifes  of  freemen  and  freehold- 
thefaidCity  :  ^~  ^"^  '"'''"*  "'*'" 


Gentlemen,  . 

WE  the  freemen  of  the  city  of 
Carlifle,  and  your  conftitucnts, 
not  fatisfiedwith  the  proofs  we  gave 
you  of  our  regard  and  coRfidence  on 
the  day  of  eleaion,  with  plcafure  again 
thank  you  for  that  exemplary  fpirit 
and  lyerfeverance,  which  you  exerted 
in  fupport  of  our  liberties  and  privi- 
leges. The  daring,,  though  ineffec- 
tual aiu^i^t;,    made  to  exclude  many 


ers  are  to  be  trifled  with  and  explain- 
ed away,  the  independence  of  Britifh 
parliaments,  and  all  that  is  dear  to  us 
as  Britons,  will  not  longfurvivej  we 
may  continue  freemen  in  name,  but 
not  in  fa6V.  Whatever  be  the  fate 
of  individuals,  let  not  an  ill  judged 
clemency  draw  you  afide,  but  endea- 
vour to  hand  down  the  rights  of  your 
country  to  your  pofterity,  and  contri- 
bute as  far  a??  in  you  lies  to  render  the 
liberties  of  Britain  iiivmoil;U, 

To 


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1768.  Defer iplian  of  the  Palace  of  Ludcmg^-huQ:         343 

AUTHOR,    Gfr. 


To    tke    P  R  I  N  T  E  R,    6?r. 
Homo  Cum  humani  nihil  a  me  alienum  puto* 
SIR,  Terence. 

WE  of  this  enlightened  age  may 
boaft  (perhaps  juftly)  of  oty  (u- 
periority  over  our  anceitors,  not  oftly  in 
the  ufctul  fciences,  but  alfo  in  the  fe- 
cial virtue?.  It  gives  me  therefore  great 
pain  to  obferve  any  remains  of  the  fa- 
vage  manners  of  Gothic  barbarifm  and 
ignorance.  In  the  place  where  I  live, 
(a  confiderahle  town  in  the  north) 
my  humanity  has  lately  been  put  mort 
violently  to  the  rack,  by  the  horrid 
bawlings  and  rejoicings  of  the  gam- 
blers at  a  cock- match.  I  was  forry  to 
hear  that  a  foreigner  was  prefent, 
whom  I  know  to  be  a  man  of  fenfe 
and  humanity.  I  imagine  him  writ- 
ing to  his  friends— You  defire  (fays  he) 
Tome  account  of  this  famous  people ; 
I  will  give  you  one  day's  amufement 
(or  diverfion  as  I  have  heard  it  called) 
in  one  of  the  principal  towns  in  the 
kingdom.  In  the  morning  I  found  all 
the  town  in  motion,  more  than  I  was 
certain  could  be  ufual  5  enquiring  the 
caufe,  I  was  informed  there  was  to  be 
a  cock  fighting  in  the  Exchange;  I 
had  the  curiofity  to  go  in,  for  you 
know  I  have  always  thought  that  the 
publick  diverfions  of  a  people  give  one 
a  great  infight  into  their  manners  and 
tempers.  In  the  midft  of  a  large  room 
ftood  a  fmall  ftage,  and  furrounded 
tkrith  benches  for  the  fpeftators.  But 
judge  what  was  my  furprife,  when  I 
found  that  the  only  exhibition  was  ^ 
few  innocent  fowls,  armed  with  ftcel 
claws,  tearing  each  other  to- pieces, 
and  bravely  dying  for  the  infernal 
amufcment  of  the  favage;  fpc6lators. 
Would  you  believe  that  the  people  fat 
by,  (not  indeed  unconcerned)  but  en- 
raptured at  the  fpedVacle,  and  hazard- 
ing large  furas  of  money  upon  the 
event  of  the  fray.  Nor  wis  it  only 
the  common  people  that  were  fo  hor- 
ridly entertained;  the  greateft  gentle- 
men in  and  about  town  partook  of  it; 
nay,  I  am  informed,  that  when  any 
throwing  at,  or  fighting  of  cocks,  is 
intended  amongft  the  common  people 
only,  the  gentlemen  give  them  notice 
that  they  will  be  fent  10  jail  if  they 
proceed.  If  this  be  true,  it  will  give 
you  fome  ideg  of  their  juftice.  And 
the  town's  complimenting  the  gamblers, 
and  gentlcmen-cock-fighters,  with  a 
ball  in  the  evening,  will  perhaps  per- 
ft6ily  reconcile  you  to  their  politenefs, 
^c.  Homo. 


H 


To    the 

S  I  R, 

AVING  fecn  a  letter  from  Mr. 
Harris  one  of  the  Covent-Gardeil 
proprietors,  to  Mr.  Colman,  very  much 
advertifed,  curiofity  led  me  to  pur- 
chafe  it,  and  I  find  it  little  more  than 
a  recapitulation  of  the  old  complaints 
againft  Mr.  Colman  with  an  addition 
of  fome  new  charges,  and  a  propofition 
of  the  following  articles  for  an  amica- 
ble adjuftment  of  differences-- which,  at 
the  public  are  very  fond  of  theatrical 
intelligence,  I  have  here  enclofed  for 
the  entertainment  of  your  readers. 
^  I.  Will  you  fubmit  all  paft  tranfac- 
tions  to  arbitration  ? 

II.  Will  you  confent  that  proper  fc- 
curity  be  given  by  each  party  for  a 
fp^cific  performance  of  the  prelent  ar- 
ticles ? 

HI.  Or,  as  the  prefent  article  rc- 
fpefling  the  management  was  entered 
into  upon  no  valuable  confidcration 
on  our  part,  nnd  therefore  was  legally 
revocable,  (hould  we  find  it  nccellary, 
will  you  revert  to  our  original  inftru- 
mentofthe  3111  of  March;  by  which 
all  parties  were  to  be  equally  concern- 
ed in  the  profits  and  management  of 
the  theatre, 

IV.  Laftly,  will  you  in  fafe  you  have 
any  objeflion  to  private  arbitration, 
join  with  us  in  inftituting  an  amicable 
fuit  in  chancery,  and  take  the  fenfe  of 
that  court  on  our  prefent  articles  and 
paft  tranfjidlions. 

Dr.  NugentV  Account  of  the  Duke  of 
Mecklenburgh-SchwerinV  Palace  of 
Ludewigs-Lufl. 

LUDEWIGS-LUST,  is  a  Germnn 
word,  fignifying  Lewis's  Recre- 
ation or  delight ;  it  is  only  a  hunting- 
feat,  built  by  Chrifiian-Lewis  H.  tiie 
prefent  duke's  father.  Hence  there  is 
nothing  magnificent  in  the  building, 
as  it  was  never  intended  for  the  duke's 
reficlence;  but  only  became  To  by 
chance,  from  the  great  inclination  his 
prefent  highnefs  has  to  retirement. 
Yet  it  is  a  neat  ftru^lure,  and  ;nakes  a 
handfome  appearance.  It  confifts  only 
of  a  ground  floor,  with  wings  on 
each  fide  for  the  gentlemen  and  la- 
dies attending  their  higl'.neiles.  The 
body  of  the  building  is  fixty-five  feet 
in  breadth,  with  fourteen  windows  in 
front.  The  entrance  is  through  a 
fmall  portico,  which  leads  to  a  hand- 
fume  faloon,  where  the  duke  and  duchefs 
dine.     On     the     right  hand   are   tl:e 

duke's 


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344  Fine    G 

duke*8  apartments^  very  fraall;  but 
well  contrived.  They  confift  of  four 
rooms  elegantly  furnifhed,  and  filled 
with  all  manner  of  curiofities.  One  of 
thefc  is  the  duke's  cabinet,  or  mufe- 
um,  in  which  he  has  all  his  mechani- 
cal inftruments.  In  the  other  rooms 
are  very  fine  paintings,  and  particu- 
larly portraits,  among  which,  thofc 
of  the  duchefi  and  pfincefs  Ulrica  arc 
much  admired.  Here  is  likewi;e  a 
line  mufical  clock,  with  which  the 
duke  was  prefented  by  her  majefty. 
There  are  fcveral  other  mechanical 
curiofities,  which  would  take  up  too 
much  time  at  prefent  to  enumerate. 
Perhaps  I  may  have  another  opportu- 
nity of  giving  you  a  complete  lift  of 
the  duke's  mufeum  here,  and  at 
Schwerin.  On  the  left  hand  of  the 
filoon,  are  the  duchefs's  apartments, 
much  of  the  fame  din[>enfioni  as  the 
duke's,  and  elegantly  furnifhed.  But 
both  thefe  apartments  are  much  too 
irnall  for  their  highnefles,  and  the  dUke 
intends  very  foon  to  erc6l  on  this  hi» 
favourite  fpor,  a  magnificent  palace. 

The  duke's  ftablcs,  on  the  right 
hand,  are  a  Aru6ture  equally  beauti- 
ful and  folid,  built  after  the  manner 
of  the  king  of  France's  (tables  at  Vcr- 
lailles,  and  much  with  the  like  difpo- 
Iktions.  They  contain  fcparate  ftalls 
for  a  vaft  number  of  horfes,  all  remark- 
able for  their  goodnefs  and  beauty* 
In  the  centre  is  the  figure  of  a  horiVs 
head,  which  fpouts  out  of  its  mouth, 
into  a  ttone  trough,  a  large  quantity 
of  water.  The  whole  is  neat  and  ele- 
gant j  ai:d  the  duke's  grooms,  and 
other  rerv;<nt!<  belonging  to  the  ftables, 
are  Jodged  here  in  a  very  convenient 
manner. 

Kefors  the  palace  is  a  handforae  pa- 
rac^c,  and  at  the  dilt.mce  of  iiS  paces, 
a  1:  rjje  canal,  v.hich  forms  a  noble 
nrd  magnificent  cafcade.  This  caf- 
cade  is  an  hundred  paces  in  length  5 
ihe  water  difcharges  itfclf,  in  one 
great  fiijct,  into  another  bed,  which 
nsns,  rt  a  Imall  diltance  from  thence, 
into  the  gaiden.  In  the  middle  of 
the  canal  is  a  beautiful  water-clock, 
pf  the  duke's  own  ingenions  contri- 
vance. On  the  right  and  left  are  two 
houfcs,  lately  bnilt,  in  the  refemblance 
of  ruined  edifices,  and  fomewhat  in 
the  nature  of  Lord  Holland's  towers  in 
rhc  iflc  of  Thanet.  At  the  diftance  of 
fixty  )>aces  !»om  the  grand  cafcade,  is 
a  fine  baCon,  of  a  circular  figure,  300 
pates  in  circumference.     On  the  right 


A  R  D  E  N  S.  July 

is  a  (luice  to  let  out  the  water.  What 
is  very  extraordinary,  five  years  ago 
there  was  no  water  at  Ludewigs-Luft. 
This  famous  canal  was  made  by  the 
prefent  duke  at  an  immenfe  cxpence, 
by  caufing  a  great  ditch  to  be  dug  from 
the  lake  of  Schwerin,  and  another  frora 
the  river  Elde  ;  the  waters  conveyed 
by  thefe  channels,  join  by  a  fluicc 
near  a  place  called  Frederick's-moor, 
and  glide  gently  on,  in  one  united 
ftream,  to  Ludewigs-Lultj  where  they 
form  fuch  a  variety  of  beautiful  caf- 
cades  and  fountains.  On  the  right 
and  left  of  the  grand  bafon,  are  the 
maifoncties,  or  ofiices,  lately  built  by 
the  duke,  for  fervants  and  artificers, 
as  engravers,  painters,  &c.  of  whom 
his  highnefs  entertains  a  confiderable 
number.  They  are  neat,  convenient 
honfes,  confifting  •nly  of  a  ground- 
floor,  but  all  uniform,  and  making  a 
pretty  appearance.  The  whole  is  ter- 
minated by  1  new  church,  lately  be- 
gun, which,  whenfiniOied,  will  be  one 
of  the  fined  in  this  country.  It  is  in- 
tended to  be  the  parifh  church,  the* 
old  one  having  been  fo  ruinous,  that 
it  was  fcarcc  either  fafe  or  decent  to  be 
left  ftanding  any  longer.  The  ihell 
only  is  done  at  prefent,  but  they  go 
on  with  the  work  very  falf,  and  expeft 
to  finifli  it  in  a  year  or  two.  The 
church  is  fixty  feven  paces  in  length, 
and  forty- five  in  breadth." 

Speaking  of  the  gardens  of  Lude- 
wigs-Luft,  the  Do^or  fays,  "  The  fight 
of  them  furpafl'es,  in  my  opinion,  mo(^ 
of  the  gardens  that  I  have  fcen  through- 
out Europe.  The  duke  himfelf  planned 
the  whole,  taking  nature  for  his  pat- 
tern, and  driving  to  imitate  her  in 
her  amiable  fimpiicity,  and  all  her 
btautiful  irregularities.  Thefe  fill  the 
.  mind  with  a  more  refined  fenfe  of  de- 
light, than  the  mud  curious  contri- 
vances of  art.'* 

"  The  gardens  of  Ludev\ig's.Luft  are 
properly  what  the  iuhnbitants  cf  the 
eaftern  countries  called  by  the  name 
ofParadifej  viz.  a  laigefpacecf  ground, 
adorned  with  all  forts  of  trees,  both  of 
fruits  and  of  fored  ;  partly  cultivated, 
like  our  gardens,  for  fhadts  and  walks, 
with  dreams  and  fountains,  and  a  va- 
riety of  plants  ufurd  in  the  climate; 
and  partly  incloltd,  like  our  j:arks, 
for  harbouring  game,  as  well  as  (or 
the   pleafure   of  riding   and    walking- 

The  form  of  the  ground  is  flat,  ex- 
cept a  few  eminences  mi  led  by  art,  tp 
diverfify  the  profpcdt."  ' 

The 


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t76«. 


345 


The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  SeTion  of  Parliament,  &?f. 

^bi  Hiftory  of  the  Seffitm  of  Parliament  tvhicb  be^an  Nov.  ii,  1766,  being  ibejixtb 
.    Sejffion  ofibe  Ti-veiftb  Parliament  e^Great-Britain,  imtb  an  Account  of  all  the  ma* 

terial  Sfueftiont  therein  determine  J,  and  of  the  Political  DiJ^utes  thereby  occafioned 

<witbout  Doors,     Continued  from  p.  296. 


THE  fame  day  in  which  the  fhe- 
rifFs  of  London  prcfented  their 
petition  in  relation  to  the  completing 
of  Black- Friers  Bridge,  repairing  the 
Koyal  Exchange,    and  the  rebuilding 
of  Neweate,  a  petition  was  prcfented 
to  the  houfe  in  the  name  of  feveral 
n>ercbants,  traders,  and  pthers,  whole 
names  were   thereunto  Tuhfcribed,  to 
the  following  purpofc:  that  the  mayor, 
aldermen,  and  commons,  or  their  lef- 
feei,  are  in  the  pofl'eflion  of  the  pre- 
kendal   eftare  of  Finlbury,  belonging 
to  the  cathedral  of  St.  Paul,  London, 
under  a  leafe,  of  which  about  fixteen 
years    are  now    to  come ;    and  that 
from  the  great  increafe  of  the  inhabi- 
tants, trade  and  commerce  of  the  city, 
the  want  of  proper  and  fuitable  habi- 
tations for  the  petitioners  and  others, 
reiiding  in,   or  coming  to,   the  city, 
has  been  felt  and  complained  of;  and 
that  the  opening  a  new  ftreet  from  the 
maniion  Ivpufe  of  my  Lord-Mayor,  to 
communicate  with  thefaid  prebendal  ef- 
tate,  would  not  only  remove  the  above 
inconveniencet,  but  be  of  public  or- 
nament and  utility,  and   that  though 
the  prefent  prebendary  of  Finlbury  is 
deftrous  of  facilitating  this  defign,  yet 
from  his  want  of  power  to  grant  a  com* 
petent  term  in  that  el^ate  for  the  en- 
couragement of  fuch  an  undertaking; 
and  aafo  for  the  want  of  power,   not 
only  to  purchafe  the  eftate  and  intereft 
of   the    lord  mayor,    aldermen,    and 
cotnmons  of  the   city,    and  their  Jef- 
fees  in  the  eftate ;    but  likewife  fuch 
grounds  as  are  necefTary  to  be  laid  in- 
to the   faid   ftreet,    and   making  the 
proper  erections  and  buildings  on  each 
fide   thereof,   the   fa  id  good   purpofes 
cannot  be  elFe^ed  without  the  aid  of 
parliament  i    and     therefore    praying 
that  leave  may  be  given  to  bring  in  a 
bill  for  carrying  the  faid  defigns  into 
execution,  and  for  efFcdling  the  pur- 
pofes aforefaid,  in  fuch  a  manner  as  to 
the  houfe   (hould   feem   meet.     This 
petition    being   read,     a    motion   was 
made,  and  the  queltion    piit,    that    it 
ihould  lie  upon  the  table,  hut  it  pafled 
in  the  negative,   and  it  was  ordered 
July,  1768. 


that  the  faid  petition  (honld  be  refer- 
red to  the  confideration  of  a  commit- 
tee, and  that  they  examine  the  mat- 
ter thereof,  and  report  the  fkihc,  as  it 
(hould  appear  to  them  to  the  houfe  t 
A  committee  was  accordingly  appoint- 
cd,  with  power  to  fend  for  peribns, 
papers,  and  records. 

On  the  7th  of  February,  the  houfe 
bsing  informed  that  one  of  the  fhcriffs 
of  the  city  of  London  attended  at  the 
door,  he  was  called  in,  and  prcfented 
a  petition  of  the  lord  mayor,  alder- 
men, and  commons  of  the  city  of 
London  in  common-council  aifembled, 
and  then  withdrew;  when  the  faid 
petition  was  read,  and  was  to  the  fol- 
lowing purpofe:  That  the  mayor, 
commonalty,  ^nd  citizens  of  London 
hftve  been  for  upwards  of  two  hundred 
years  laft  paft  lefTees  of  the  above  e« 
ftate,  under  the  prebendary  of  Finf- 
bury,  and  of  all  houfes,  garciens,  ]ands« 
and  tenements  in  Middlefex  and  Lon- 
don, belonging  to  that  prebend,  and 
that  there  are  now  (ixleen  years  to  come 
of  the  prefent  leafe  ;  and  that  the  pe- 
titioners have,  for  feveral  years  paft, 
been  in  treaty  with  the  prefent  preben- 
dary for  a  renewal  thereof;  have  long 
had  in  their  contemplation,  and  mean 
to  carry  into  execution,  a  general  im<» 
provement  of  all  the  eftate  held  by 
thera  under  the  faid  prebendary,  in 
cafe  their  prefent  leafe  fhall  be  renew- 
ed; and  that  the  petitioners  hope,  <un 
after  having  upon  all  occaitons  giv..^ 
the  ftrongeft  proof  of  their  attention 
to  the  convenience  and  accommoda- 
tion of  the  public,  upon  difmterefted 
motives,  the  corporation  of  the  city 
of  London  (hall  not  be  compelled  to 
part  with  their  interefts  in  the  premx- 
fet,  that  the  fame  may  be  vefted  in 
private  perfons  ;  and  therefore  pray- 
ing the  honfe  to  uke  the  fame  into 
confideration  ;  to  permit  the  petition- 
ers to  be  heard  by  their  counfel,  and 
to  grant  them  fuch  relief  in  the  pre- 
mifes  as  to  the  honfe  ihall  leem  meet. 
On  which  it  was  ordered  that  this  pe- 
tition fhould  be  referred  to  the  confi- 
deration of  the  fame  committee  as  the 

X  X  former, 


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346      ^^  History  ^  the  lafi  Scflion  0/ Parliament.'       JuljT 

advantage,    was'  dropped,    and    that 


former,  and  that  it  (honid  be  to  in- 
flru6tion  to  that  commutee  that  the 
petitioners,  on  each  Qde  ibould  be  heard 
by  their  counfel,  if  they  thought  fit. 
On   the    eighteenth    a    petition  of 
^      the  owners  and  inhabitants  of  houfes 
lying     between     the     Manlion-houfe 
and  the  opening,    or  paHage,    where 
Moorgate    ftood,     was    prcfented    to 
the   houfe,    and    read,    in    which    it 
was  obferved,  that  (hould  fo  much  of 
the  intended   fcheme    tike   place,    as 
opening  a  new  ftrcet  from    the  Man- 
fion-houfe,  to  the  place  where  Moor- 
gate formerly  ftood,  and  no  farther, 
it   cannot    be  carried  intp  execution 
without  pulling  down  three  hundred 
houfes,    and    upward-,    the,  rents  of 
which  amount  to  at  lead  6000I.  a  year; 
and  that  the  number  of  houfes  to  be 
built,  in  lieu  thereof,  will  not  amount 
to   more   than  ?bout   fourfcorej   and 
that  feveral   of  the  petitioners,    fome 
of  whom  have  purchafcd  the  freehold 
and  inheritance    of    their   refpc^Vive 
eftates,  for  the  better  enabling  them 
to  carry  on  their  refpe^live  trades  and 
Qccupationt  5  and  that  a  great  number 
of  houfes  fituate  in  Cornhill,  Thread- 
needle-ftrect,  Bartholomew-lane,    and 
pther  places  near  the  Bink  of  England, 
have  lately  been  pulled  down  for  the 
accommodation  of  the  Bank,  by  which 
means  the  occupiers  thereof  have  been 
yery  much  diftreHeJ,  for  want  of  pro- 
per habitations  to  carry  on  their  re- 
.  ipe^live  trades,  and  houfes  are  thereby 
/    become  extremely  fcarce,  and   gready 
inhanced   in  their  rents ;  and  Aiould 
the  propofed    demolishing    plan   take 
place,    the'  petitioners  apprehend,    it 
will  be  wholly  impoiTible  for  many  of 
them  to    accommodate  themfelves   at 
.any  rate  ;  they  therefore   prayed  that 
they  might  be  heard  by  themfelves  or 
counfel,  againll  fuch  parts  of  the  pe- 
tition as  alVe6ted  them,  and  that  they 
might  be  granted  fuch  relief  as  to  the 
houfe  diould  feem  meet.     On  which  it 
was   immediately  ordered,    that   this 
.petition  Ihould  alfo  be  referred  to  the 
iame  committee ;   and  that  the  peti- 
.tioners,  if  they  thought  fit,  (hould  be 
heard  by  their  counlcl.  , 
Theftf  petitions  had  their  intended 
'effei5i,  And  the  bill  for  building  this 
Itreet   which    was    intended   to  have 
b^tis  a  very  noble  one,  and  would  have 
.filiorded  the  only  view  of  the  Manlion- 
Houie,  ill  which  it  could   be  feen  to 
4 


from  principles  of  juftice  and  huma« 
nicy.    ' 

On  "the  3ifl  of  January  was  pre  fen  t- 
ed  to  the  houfe,  a  petition  from  the 
trudees  appointed  to  put  in  execution 
an  a£t  palled  in  the  twelfth  year  of 
his  late  majefty's  reign,  for  imoroving 
the  navigation  of  the  river  Lee;  in 
which  they  obferved,  that,  notwith- 
ftanding  all  their  care  and  attention, 
the  navigation  of  that  river  from  the 
town  of  Hertford  to  the  river  Thames, 
is  fljll  very  bad  and  dcfeftive  \  but 
that  by  a  furvey  lately  made,  under 
the  direction  of  the  petitioners,  it  ap- 
pears that  it  is  ca^^ble  of  being  great- 
ly impjroved ;  and  that  it  would  tend 
to  remove  the  difHculties  and  obftruc- 
tions,  if  the  petitioners  w'ere  iropow- 
ered  to  make  feveral  new  cuts  or  Ca- 
nals, leading  out  of,  and  into,  the 
channel  of  that  river,  at  feveral  pla- 
ces between  Hertford  and  Bromley 
Lock ;  and  another  new  caiial  leading 
from  the  channel  of  that  river  at,  or 
near  the  aforefaid  Bromley  Lock,  thro' 
the  parifli  of  Bromley  St.  Leonards, 
the  Hamlet  of  Poplar,  and  Biackwall, 
in  the  parifh  of  St.  Dunftan,  Stepney, 
and  the  parifli  of  St.  Ann  Limehoufe, 
into  the  river  Thames  near  Limehoufe 
Bridge  5  and  therefore  praying  that 
leave  may  be  given  for  bringing  in  a 
bill  for  farther  improving  the  navU 
gation  of  the  river  Lee  ;  for  removing 
the  difficulties  with  which  it  is  attend- 
ed, and  renderifig  it  (horter,  mor« 
fafe  and  certain,  by  making  and  main- 
taining feveral  new  cuts  and  canals, 
by  fuch  ways  and  means  as  to  th« 
houfe  fliould  feem  meet.  This  peti- 
tion being  read,  it  was  referred  to  the 
con fideration  of  a  committee,  wh6,  as 
ufual,  had  power  to  fend  for  perfons, 
papers,  and  records. 

This  fcheme,  however  advantage- 
ous, met  with  great  oppofition,  from 
its  7L^t&\n^  the  interefts  of  many  dif- 
ferent perfons,  and  the  proprietors  of 
other  works  of  no  lefs  advantage  to 
fociety.  On  the  »6th  of  February  two 
petitions  were  prefented  againfl  it,  the 
firft  from  Thomas  Walton  and  Bour- 
chier  Walton,  merchants,  gun  powder - 
makers  and  partners,  reprefenting, 
that  they  were  poflefTed  of  feveral  mills 
and  flreams  in  the  parifh  of  Waltham 
Holy  Cr6fs,  in  the  county  of  EITcx, 
and  particularly  of  a  mill  river  fup- 

plied 


V 


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lySS.    ne  History  of  the  laji  Seflion  ^PafliamenC.       347 

plied  by  three  channels  from  the  river  they  may  be  heard   by  themfelvcs  oi* 

Lee,  on  which  they  have  built  eleven  counfel,  againft  the  faid  petition,  an<l 

water-mills,    and    other    confiderable  that  they  may  have  fuch  relief  in  the 

works  for  the  making  of  gunpowder,  premifes  as   to  the  houfe   (l\all  fecm 

in  which  thofe  mills  have  been  for  a  proper.     On  which  thcfe  two  petitions 

freat  length  of  time  employed  in  ma-  were  feverally  ordered  to  be  referred 

iiig  it  for  the  public  fervice  ;  and  the  to  the  confideration  of  the  committee^ 

petitioners    hav€,     within    thcfe   few  to  whom  the  firfl  petition  in  relatiori 

years  laid  out  many  thoufand  pounds  'O  the  navigation  of  the  river  Lee  was 


in  increafing"  and  improving  the  faid 
mills  and  works,  retying  on  an  a6^  of 
the  twelfth  year  of  his  late  majeftv's 
reign,  that  the  faid  navigation  fliould 
for  ever  be  continued  in  the  fame 
channel  \  that  the  petitioners  river 
and  mills  being  fupplied  with  water 
by  means  of  an  ancient  lock  tvtt\td 
on  the  river  Lee,  which  may  be  ufe- 
lefs,  and  therefore  deftroyed,  if  the 
intended  alterations  fhould  rake  place, 
by  which  means  the  petitioners  liver, 
mills,  and  property,  will  be  greatly  in- 
jured, to  prevent  which  they  pray  that 
they  may  be  heard  by  their  counfe)  a- 
gainft  the  faid  petition  ;  and  that  fliou'd 
a  bill  be  permitted  to  be  brought  in  for 
the  purpoffs  therein  mentioned,  they 
may  alio  be  heard  by  their  counfel 
againft  it,  that  provifion  may  be  made 
therein  to  fecure  the  property  of  the 
petitioners  from  injury. 

The  other  was  from  the  proprietors 
oC  the  Weiihan^  water- works  in  the 
county  of  EflTex,  and  (hewed,  that  in 
order  to  furniih  the  inhabitants  of 
Stratford,  Wcftham,  Bow,  Bromley, 
Mile  end,  Stepney,  and  other  placet 
lidjoining,  with  good  and  wholefomp 
water,  they  had,  at  a  confiderable  ex- 
pence,  built  refervat«ries  for  water  j 
an  engine  to  be  worked  by  fire  j  made 
cuts,  'and  laid  pipes  in  one  cut  that 
extends  from  the  I^ee  to  SaincsMill; 
and  that  to  fecure  and  improve  thefe 
works,  they  had  obtained  an  a6t  in  the 
ftiftyear  of  his  late  majefty's  reign  j 
in  confequence  of  which  they  have 
erected  in  the  faid  dream  a  new  wa- 
ter-mill, and  an  engine  for  raiijng  of 
water,  the  better  to  fupply  not  oqly 
the  inhabitants  of  the  above  towns, 
but  alfo  Bethnal  Green,  Shad  well, 
Cockhill,  RatclifF,  and  other  places 
adjacent,  the  expence  of  the  whole 
amounting  to  upwards  of  40,000). 
and  that  they  (hould  be  greatly  injured 
if  the  petition  for  a  bill  for  farther  im- 
proving the  faid  navigation  of  the  Lee 
tai^es  place^  and  therefore  pray  that 


referred,  and  that  the  petitioners 
might  be  heard  by  their  counfel,  if 
they  thought  fit. 

On  the  id  of  March,  a  petition  of 
Sir  William  Wake,  barr,  in  behalf  of 
himfelf  and  Peter  Floyer  was  prefented 
to  the  houfe,  and  read,  fetting  forth, 
that  they  were  owners  of  a  lock  or 
turnpike  on  the  river  Lee,  and  a  mill 
near  it  j  and  were  informed  that  a 
new  cut  was  intended  to  be  made  from 
King's  Weir  to,  or  near.  Cobby 
Brook,  whereby  they  fhould  lofe  th6 
toll  payable 'at  their  lock,  and  their 
mill  be  much  prejudiced,  they  there- 
fore petitioned  to  be  heard  by  their 
counfel.  , 

On  the  5th  of  March,  the  petitioii 
of  James  Barwitk  in  behalf  of  him- 
felf and  Mary  Farra^,  widow,  both  of 
Waltham  Abbey,  callico- printers  and 
partners,  was  prefented  to  the  houfe, 
and  read,  fettmg  forth,  that  they  had 
for  feveral  years  carried  on  their  bufi. 
nefif  in  grounds  adjoining  to  the  river 
Lee,  had  laid  out  confiderable  fums  in 
ere^ing  buildings,  and  making  works 
neceflary  for  carrying  on  their  trade  j 
and  had  made  leveral  cuts  and  canals 
in  the  faid  grounds  for  receiving  wa- 
ter from  the  river,  which  cuts  and  ca- 
nals are  fupplicd  by  fltifhes  on  opening 
a  lock  on  the  faid  river  for  the  paU 
fage  of  barges  ;  and  that  the  faid  peti- 
tioner is  infornied  a  new  canal  is  in- 
tended to  be  made,  through  which 
the  barges  are  intended  to  pafs,  and 
not  through  the  faid  lock ;  and,  in 
cafe  the  lock  is  kept  (hut,  the  peti- 
tioner and  his  partner  will  be  deprived 
of  the  water  neceflary  for  carrying  on 
their  faid  trade,  he  therefore  prayed, 
that  be  rai^ht  be  heard  by  himfelf  oi» 
counfel  agamft  the  faid  petition,  and 
alfo  againjt  fuch  bill  as  fhould  be 
brought  in  in  confequence  thereof,  in 
cafe  any  claufe  (hould  be  inferted  for 
keeping  the  faid  lock  (hut,  after  form- 
ing a  new  canal  for  the  pa(rage  of 
barges.  Thcfe  petitions  were  alfo  rc«- 
%  %  %  fcrred 


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448        The  History  of  ibe  hfi  Scffion  of  Parliament.      July 


ferred  to  the  above  committee,  and 
the  petitioners  were  allowed  to  be 
heard  by  their  counfel. 

On  the  15th  of  April,  Mr.  Houblon 
reported  from  the  committee,  to  whom 
the  petition  of  the  truftees  for  impro- 
ving the  navigation  of  the  river  Lee, 
and  to  whom  all  the  other  petitions  in 
confequence  thereof  were  feverally,  re- 
ferred, that  the  committee  had  exa- 
^  mined  the  matter  of  the  firft  men- 
tioned petition  j  and  had  djre^^ed  him 
to  report  the  matter  of  the  faid  firft 
mentioned  petition,  as  it  appeared  to 
them  to  the  houfe.  He  then  read  the 
report  in  his  place,  and  afterwards 
delivered  it  in  at  the  table,  where 
the  fame  was  again  read.  After  which 
it  was  ordered,  that  leave  he  given  to 
bring  in  a  bill  for  improving  the  na- 
vigation of  tF^  river  Lee,  from  the 
town  of  Hertford  to  the  river  Thamcsj 
and  that  Mr.  Byde,  Mr.  John  Calvert, 
Mr.  Cafwcll,  Mr.  Plummcr,  Mr.  Jen- 
nings, Mr.  Nicholfon  Calvert,  Sir 
William  Beauchamp  Prod^or,  Mr. 
CJore,  Mr.  Thurloe,  Mr»  Qx>ke,  Sir 
William  Maynard,  Sir  Matih.  Lambe,* 
-and  Mr.  Gafooigne,  do  prepare  and 
bring  in  the  fame. 

In  the  mean  while  a  petition  of  fe- 
veral  of  the  inhabitants  of  Hertford 
was  prefented  to  the  hou/e,  and  read, 
(hewing,  that  it  would  be  a  general 
benefit  to  the  inhabitants  in  general, 
if  the  navigation  of  the  river  Lee  was 
extended  through  part  of  that  town 
to  the  flood-gates  belonging  to  the 
town  mill  5  praying  that  provifion  may 
be  made  in  the  bill  for  making,  im- 
proving, and  extending  the  faid  na- 
vigation in  and  through  part  of  the 
town  of  l^prtford  to  the  abovemen- 
tioned  floodgates.  On  which  it  was 
ordered,  that  this  petition  ihould  be 
referred  to  the  confidcration  of  a  com- 
mittee; and  a  committee  was  ap- 
pointed accordingly,  with  power  to 
fend  for  perfons,  papers,  and  records. 
On  the  fifth  of  May  Mr.  John  CaJ- 
vert  reported  from -this  committee* 
that  they  had  examined  the  matter  of 
the  faid  petition,  and  had  dirf6Ved 
bim  to  report  the  fame,  as  it  appear- 
ed to  them  to  the  houfe.'  He  then 
read  the  report  in  his  place,  and  af- 
ferwards  delivered  it  in  at  the  table'^ 
where  the  fame  was  read.  On  which 
it  was  immediately  ordered^  that  \l  bf 


an  inftruftion  to  tb^  con^mtttee  ap- 
pointed to  pre|)are  and  bripg  in  th«  ^ 
bill  for  improving  the  navigation  of 
the  river  Lee  from  the  town  of  Hert-r 
ford  to  the  river  Thames,  that  they 
make  provifion  in  the  faid  bill  for  ex- 
tending its  navigation,  through  par^ 
of  Hertford,  to  t]iofe  Aood-gatet. 

On  the  7th  of  May  Mr.  Byde  pre- 
fented this  bill  to  th^  houfe,  when  it 
was  read  the  firft  tiqie,  and  ordered  to 
be  read  a  fecond. 

On  the  nth,  the  hon.  Charlef 
Yorke,  Efcj^;  as  guardian  to  William 
Sotjieby,  Elq;  prefented  a  petition  in 
his  behalf,  and  in  that  of  Eli^abethi 
Sotheby,  jQhn  Eagles,  truftee  for  / 
Mary  Pace,  widow,  and  her  children, 
and  JFrcdcrick  Teufh,  merchant,  which 
fct  forth,  that  William  Sotheby  is  lord 
of  the  manor  of  Sewardfton  in  the 
county  of  EfTex,  which  extends  near 
four  miles  on  the  banks  of  the  river 
Lee^  and  that  the  navigarion  has  at 
all  times  been  carried  ou  through  the 
extent  of  the  faid  minor,  by  means 
of  two  we^rs,  called,  Newman's  wea|: 
and  yarkinfbiv's,  of  which  the  peti- 
tioner Elizabeth  Sotheby  is  feifed  du- 
ring her  life,  as  part  of  her  jointure, 
and  by  means  of  the  water  penned  up 
for  the  ufe  of  certain  mills,  the  only 
mills  in  England  for  making  (malts, 
or  powder  blue,  and  which  are  Cc;>y- 
hold  of  inheritance  held  by  the  peti- 
tioner John  t^agles,  as  truftee  for  Ma- 
ry Pace,  and  demifes  by  leafe  to  tl^ 
petitioner  Frederick  Teufh  5  and  that 
the  petitioners,  their  predccefTors,  or 
perfons  under  wliom  they  claim,  have 
been  at  great  expence  in  erefling  and 
keeping  in  repair  the  faid  wears,  and 
certain  works  at  Sewardfton- mills  fof 
the  fole  ufe  and  fervice  of  the  faid  na- 
vigation ;  and  receive  three  feparatc 
and  diftinfl  toUs  j  to  wit,  one  at 
Newman's  wear,  one  at  Paikinfon's 
wear,  and  one  for  the  mill-water  of 
S&w;»rHfton-mill,  arooijnting  in  the 
^vholc  to  a  very  confiderahle  fum  year- 
ly;  bur  by  the  bill  for  improving  the 
navigation  of  the  river  Lee,  it  will  be 
removed  from  the  faid  manor,  and 
from  Sewardfton  mills,  by  which 
means  the  petitioners,  and  their  tc- 
pants  properties  and  eftates  in  the  faid 
tolls  will  be  annihilated,  and  the  ma- 
king of  fmalts  greatly  afFie£(ed  $  they 
they  therefore  prayed,  that  they  might 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 768.    "fbe  History  0/  tie  laft  Seffion  of  Parliament 


\^  heard  by  themfelves  or  counfel. 
Upon  fuch  part  of  the  bill  as  might 
^ffc€t    their    interefts,   and  that  they 
might  receive  fuch  relief  in  the  pre- 
miles  as  to  the  houfe  (hoiild  Teem  meet, 
pn  which  it  was  ordered,    that  this 
petition  (hould  be  referred  to  the  con- 
fideration  of  the  committeet  to  whom 
the  bill  for  improving  the  navigation 
of  the  river  Lee  was  committed,  and 
that  the  petitioners  Imtgbt,    if  they 
thought  fit,  be  heard  by.  their  counfeU 
On  the  15th  of  May,  the  petition  of 
feveral  mallters,  malt- factors,  farmers, 
;ind  otherf,    ufing  the  navigation  of 
the  riyer  Lee,  was  prefented  againft 
the  faid  bid ;  and,  in  (hort,   on  the 
i9th  were  prefented  feveral  others,   of 
perfons  who  had  milts  on  the  river 
Lee,  which  would  be  rendered  ufelefs, 
or  of  little  value,   by  the  new  chan- 
nels propofed  to  be  cut.    However,  on 
tlie    »8th,    Mr.  3y4e  reported  from 
the  committee,   to,  whom  all  the  a- 
bove   petitions  were   referred ;    that 
they  had  heard  counfel  in  fupport  of 
the  allegations  of  the  petitioners,  and 
h^d  made  feveral  amendments  in  the 
bill,  which  they  had  direfled  him  to 
report  in    his    place,   and  afterwards 
delivered  the  bill,    with  the  amend- 
ments, in  at  the  table,   where  the  a- 
inendments  were  read ;  when  one  of 
them  was  difagreed  to,   and  the  reft 
were,  with  amendments  to  feveral  of 
them,  agreed  to  by  the  houfe  j  and  a 
claufe  was  alfo  added ;  after  which  it 
was  ordered,   that  the  bill  with  the 
amendments,  (hould  be  engrofTed. 

On  the  ift  of  Jqne,  the  bill  was 
fead  a  third  time,  whpn  federal  claufes 
were  added  by  way  of  ryde'f,  and  feve- 
ral amendments  alfo  mafle  to  the  bill 
by  the  houfe,  after  which  it  was  or- 
dered that  the  bill  fhould  pafs,  and 
Mr.  Byde  was  dire^ed  to  carry  it  up 
to  the  lords,  and  defire  their  concur^ 
rence.  On  the  15th  it  was  fent  down 
from  the  lords,  who  had  agreed  to 
the  bilU  without  any  amendment ; 
and  on  the  s^th  it  received  the  royal 
aflcnt. 

[fa  be  coniinuid i^ our  next.'\ 

Defcriptioti  of  Old  and  lfe<w  $trelitz, 
and  the  FaUue  at  the  Latter  \  of 'which 
fee  afineVie'WimourMc^.forlAz.y^p. 
a40.    From  Nu^ent'i  Travels. 

If  /^LD  Strelitz  is  fituated  in  a 
v/  large  plab)  almoft  furrotnded 


349 

with  morafies.  The  adjacent  country 
is  a  fandy  foil  $  but  a  fine  foreft  extendi 
itfelf  in  the  neighbourhood  towardt 
Stargard,  abctunding  with  all  forts  of 

game.'* "  This  place  has  often  faf- 

fered  by  fire,  like  other  towns  in  this 
country,  yet  was  chofen  by  duke 
Adolphus  Frederic  IL  the  firft  of  the 
line  of  Strelitz,  for  his  refidence,  on 
account  of  a  commodious  palace.**— 
«?  In  the  year  lyw,  Adolphus  Fre- 
deric III*  and  his  whole  family  nar^r 
rowly  efcaped  penlhing  in  a  great  fire, 
which  broke  out  in  the  night,  and 
burned  down  the  old  palace,  with  all 
its  coftly  furniture  and  valuable  eflfedh. 
In  confequence  of  this  misfortune,  bia 
ferene  hiRhpefs  began  to  ere^  a  fump* 
tuous  palace  in  1726,  about  two  Eng- 
li/h  miles  from  the  town,  in  a  very 
pleafant  fituation,  at  a  place  called  . 
Glieneke,  which  before  was  hit  hunt- 
ing feat.  In  the  year  1733,  he  thought 
proper  to  found  a  new  town  adjoinmg 
to  the  palace,  and  ordered  it  to  be 
called  Ntnv  Strelitz.  This  town  is 
laid  out  in  a  moft  regular  manner,  in 
the  form  of  a  ftar  ;  the  centre  is  SLjpa- 
cious  market-place,  and  fi-om  thence  a 
number  of  ftreets  branch  out  in  ftrait 
lines :  The  chief  one  leads  to  the  pa- 
lace, the  next  to  the  water-fide,  where 
a  pleafant  lake  attradts  the  eye.  The 
buildings  in  thefe  two  ftreets,  are  ele- 
gant and  commodious,  and  in  ibme 
others  are  handfome  houfes*  Theduke 
gives  great  encouragemei^t  to  builders, 
10  that  by  this  meant|  and  the  number 
of  nobility,  who  come  to  live  near  the 
court,  the  town  enlarges  every  day  § 
and  may  probably  in  time,  reach  to 
Old  Strelitz,  and  fo  conftitnte  one 
large  handfome  city.  The  air  of 

the  ne'w  town  is  clear  and  wholeibme» 
and  the  water  alfo  of  a  falubrious  qua- 
lity.''—«*  The  inhabitants  keep  their 
accounts  in  dollars  and  fchillings:  a 
dollar  is  about  four  (hillings  Eneliih,  a 
(chilling  a  penny.  Their  gold  coin 
is  chiefly  ducats  and  piftoles.  One 
thing  baron  Dewitz  his  afl\\red  me, 
that  a  d<^Iar  in  this  country  will  go  at 
far,  i.  e.  will  purchaie  as  much  as  a 
pound  fterling  in  London ;  and  he 
lived  there  long  Enough  to  judge  of 
the  difference.  Indeed,  provifiont 
here  are  in  great  plenty,  and  excellent 
in  their  kind. 

The  chief  buildings  in  the  town  of 
New-Strclitz  have  bttn  ere^ed  by  the 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3i50  Defer iptlon  t^f  the  Palace  at  Strelitz. 

late  and  prcfcnt  duke,  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  different  officers  be- 
longing to  the  houfhold.  But  the 
principal-ornament  of  this  capital  is  the 
magnificent  palace  erected  here  in 
17x6.  The  ittjation  is  delightful, 
on  a  rifmg  ground  and  dry  foil,  with 
a  deer  park  in  front,  and  a  Jpacisus 
garden,  with  a  beautiful  lake  at  the 
back.  It  is  a  quadrangular  pile,  built 
chiefly  of  ftone,  three  (lories  high,  rec- 
koning tht  ground  floor ;  the!  architec- 
ture extremely  light  and  elegant.  Two 
large  wings  proje6l  from  the  main  body, 
between  which  is  a  Jfadous  area  or 
court.  The  wings  are  fixty  feet  each 
in  length,  and  the  main  body  one 
hundred  and  twenty.  The  court 
chapel  ia  in  the  rij^ht  wingj^and  in  the  he  feldom  rides 
left  is  the  grand  Mloon 


Jufr 

you  defcend  by  a  flight  of  ftejM  into 
the  garden,  where  the  eye  is  prefented 
with  a  charming  landfcape.  Before 
you  is  a  beautiful  parterre,  leading 
to  a  double  row  of  trees,  whith  form 
the  grand  avenue  :  This  is  terminated 
by  a  handfome  terrace,  with  a  gradual 
flope  to  the  edge  of  Sifpacious  lake,  on 
the  oppofite  bank,  of  which  you  be- 
hold a  pretty  village,  and  farther  on 
is   a  vaft    traft  of   foreft  land,   out- 

ftretching  the  fight Before   the 

palace  is  the  parade,  a  fpacigus  area 
terminating  in  the  deer  park.  On 
the  left  of  this  are  fome  public  offices ; 
and  at  a  fmali    dilbnce    the   duke't 

coach-houfe  'and     ftables  : Thj^ 

latter  well  Itocked  with  horfcs,  tbougli 

he  feMAm  riH^«.  '** 


The  princi- 
pal (lair-caTe  is  large  and  light,  lead- 
ing to  a  handfome  hall,  where  the 
duke  commonly  dines.— The  prefence 
chamber  is  extremely  beautiful,  of  a 
due  proportion,  and  the  furniture  of 
the  higheft  contrivance  and  elegance. 
•*— The  grand  faloon  is  really  a  mag- 
nificent  piece,  decorated  with  flucco, 
gilding,  and  every  other  embellifhment. 
It  is  lofty  zn6Jf>aciouSf  about  fixty  feet 
long  and  forty  m  breadth,  with  a  gal- 
lery for  mufic.  This  grand  room  is 
\ifcd  only  on  feflivals,  when  there  are 
balls  and  affemblies }  and  then  it  is 
cuftomary  for  the  duke  and  the  whole 
court  to  dine  and/fup  there.  The 
grand  apartments  are  abfolutely  fuperb. 
The  cielings  confift  of  compartments, 
curioufly  wrought  in  ftucco,  the  fides 
tnriched  with  pictures,  glaffes,  and 
other  ornaments ;  and  the  furniture 
quite  new,  rich,  and  well  chofen.  The 
chairs  are  all  lined  with  crimfon  da- 
mafk,  edged  and  flowered  with  gold  { 
and,  indeed,  the  whole  it  very 
fplendid. -^Oppofite  to  thefe  apart- 
ments arp  feveral  rooms,  full  of  curio- 
fities  and  valuable  moveables.  Among 
other  things  I  beheld  with  admiration 
a  complete  ferviceof  Chelfea  porcelane, 
rich  and  beautiful  in  fancy,  beyond 
expreffion.  I  really  never  faw  any 
Drcfden  porcelane  near  fo  fine :  Her 
majefty  madem  prefeni  of  this  choice 
collection  to  the  duke  her  brother  j  a 
prefent  worthy  of  fo  great  a  princefs. 
—The  chapel  is  beautifully  finilhed, 
but  not  crowded  with  ornaments. 
From  the  back-gate  of  the  palace 


Af$  extraordinary  Efcape  in  Norway, 
Tfem  Dr.  Smollet'*  f  rcfcnt  Jtate  of 
all  Nations,  (^c, 

SPEAKING  of  the  vegetables  of  that 
country,  the do^or fays,  "Among 
the  other  kinds  of  grafj  here  found,  S 
what  botanifts  call  viola  caniaa,  with 
fhort  broad  leaves  j  a  plant  which  con* 
tributed,  in  a  very  furprifing  manner, 
to  the  prefervation  of  two  Norway 
youths  in  the  year  1651.  Thcfc  bro- 
thers,  on  the  firft  day  of  Augufl, 
made  an  excnrfion  from  their  father's 
houfe,  of  about  twenty  Englifh  mile^ 
to  enjoy  the  diverfions  of  footing  and 
fifhin^,  in  the  mountains  that  fepa- 
rate  Uuldbrandfdale  from  the  province 
of  Valders.  After  having  flayed  four 
days  filhing  in  the  lake  of  Rif,  they 
rowed  in  a  flciff  to  a  very  fmall  ifland 
of  this  lake,  about  dxtecn  pacts  in 
length.  Here  while  they  remained, 
the  ikiff  broke  loofe,  in  confcquence  of 
a  fudden  fquall,  and  was  driven  to  the 
other  fkore,  where  I  heir  dog  ftood 
waiting  for  his  matters.  As  neither  of 
the  youths  could  fwim,  they  faw  them- 
fclves  thm  abandoned  to  famine,  on  a 
defolate  ifland,  fequeftered  from  all  in- 
tercourfe  with  mankind.  Their  firft 
care  was  to  build  a  kind  of  hut  of  fmalj 
ftones,  that  they  might,  in  fome  de- 
gree, he  fcrcencd  from  the  inclemency 
of  the  weather.  Towards  the  clofc  of 
the  fecond  day,  their  appetite  being 
whetted  to  the  keeneft  fenfeOf  hunger, 
they  induftrioufly  fought  fome  vegeta- 
ble food,  and  ventured  to  eat  the  viola 

CAmn(i^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


eanina,  each  to  the  amount  of  an  ounce 
twice  a  day  ;  and  this  was  all  they  could 
find  at  one  icarch.  Their  ftomachs 
were  eafed,  their  fpirity  rcfreftied,  and 
the  acute  pains  which  had  begun  to 
/eize  their  arms  and  (houldcrs,  imme- 
.diately  abated.  Eleven  days  did  they 
fubfift  on  this  vegetable  ;  but  it  failed 
on  the  twelfth,  and  they  were  reduced 
to  the  brink  of  defpair,  when  they  ac- 
cidentally found  a  little  fpot  overgrown 
withforrel,  which  they  con  fumed  atone 
meal :  neverthelcfs,  it  was  reproduc- 
ed in  lefs  than  four  and  twenty  hours  5 
find  the  devout  young  men,  with  tears 
of  gratitude,  and  due  acknowledgments 
to  heaven,  owned  it  as  an  inrerpofition 
of  Providence  in  their  behalf.  Dur- 
ing the  fiiik  days  of  their  fufFering, 
they  had  called  and  beckoned  to  their 
dog,  and  ufed  every  poflible  allurement 
to  induce  that  animal  to  fwim  over, 
that  they  might  kill  him  for  their  fub- 
Hitence  j  but  he  would  not  obey  their 
iignalt.  They  were  now  reduced  to 
fuch  a  weak  condition,  that  they  could 
not  (land,  and  hardly  make  Hiift  to 
creep  from  their  hut  in  queft  df  the 
forrel.  The  elder  was  feized  with  a 
violent  palpitation  of  the  heart,  which 
throbbed  (o  loud  as  to  be  heard  at 
fome  diftance,  and  he  appeared  to  be 
in  txtremity.  The  youilger  with  bis 
knife,  engraved  upon  a  piece  of  timber 
a  fliort  account  of  their  unhappy  fate, 
and  pointed  out  a  text  in  the  Pfahns, 
on  wliich  he  rcquefted  that  their  fune- 
ral ftrmon  might  be  preached.  Then 
they  joined  in  fervent  prayer,  and, 
embracing  one  another,  refigned  them- 
Iclves  to  death  without  murmuring. 
Their  dog  had  tarried  eight  days  with 
their  baggage  on  the  (bore,  and  then 
returned  to  their  father's  houfe,  where 
he  refufcd  food ;  bat  howled  and 
moaned  inceffantly.  From  the  grief  of 
this  faithful  animal,  the  parents  con- 
cluded that  their  children  had  met  with 
fome  misfortune,  and  difpatched  a  man 
in  fearch  of  them  to  the  mountain.  He 
arrived  on  the  eleventh  day  at  the  lake, 
where  he  found  their  cloaths,  and,  con- 
cluding they  were  drowned,  returned 
with  thcfe  melancholy  tidings.  On  the 
thirteenth  day  of  their  famine,  the 
youths  having  by  this  time  given  up  all 
hope  of  relief,  heard  the  found  of 
horfes  travelling  up  the  mountains. 
They  forthwith  raifcd  their  voices,  and. 


A  Surprizing  Esgapi.' 


351 


being  heard  the  travellers  haftened  to 
their  aiTiftance.  The  fkiflf  being  hap- 
pily found  on  the  ftiore  undamaged, 
the  humane  ftrangers  put  off  to  the 
little  ifUnd,  where  they  found  the 
brothers  almoft  exhaultcd.  When 
food  was  offered  to  the  elder  brother, 
his  ftomach  could  hardly  bear  the 
fmalleft  portion  ;  and  after  he  was  con- 
veyed to  his  father's  houfe,  he  contin- 
ued fome  days  in  a  very  dangerous  diP 
order  j  of  which  however  he  recover- 
ed, and  furvived  this  difafter  feven  and 
thirty  years.  The  other  foon  retrieved 
his  ftrength  and  health;  and  in  the 
year  1691  drew  up  this  narration,  as  a 
pious  acknowledgment  of  God's  pro- 
vidence." 

The  fame  author  in  his  account  of 
the  animals  and  quadrupeds  of  Norway. 
fays,  *«  But  the  moft  fingular  of  all 
thefe  animals  is  the  Lcmtning,  the  na- 
tive country  of  wliich  is  faid  to  be  the 
mountains  of  Kolen  in  Lapland.  This 
creature  feems  to  be  a  fpecies  of  the 
rat,  with  a  fhort  tail,  very  (hort  legs, 
large  whifkers,  fmall  eyes  and  ears, 
and  long  (harp  teeth.  About  once  or 
twice  in  twenty  years  they  appear  ia 
vaft  numbers,  advancing  along  the 
ground,  and  devouring  every  thing 
that  is  green,  like  a  pettilence.  Some 
flocks  of  them  march  from  the  Kolen, 
through  Nordland  and  Finmark,  to 
the  weftern  ocean,  which  they  enter, 
and,  after  having  fwam  about  for 
fome  time,  periHi.  Other  bodies  take 
their  route  through  Swedifh  Lapland 
to  the  Sinus  Bothnicus,  where  they 
drown  !rt  the  fame  manner.  They 
advance  in  a  direft  line  j  and  if  they 
are  obliged  to  go  round  a  large  ftone 
or  rock,  they  feek  their  former  line  of 
direftion,  in  which  they  proceed.  If 
they  are  oppofed  by  the  peafants,  they 
will  (land  and  bark  at  them  :  Never- 
thelcfs, great  numbers  of  them  are  de- 
ftroycd  and  eaten  by  the  Lapland  dogs. 
If  a  boat  happens  to  be  in  their  way, 
lying  in  a  river  or  creek  which  they 
intend  to  pafs,  they  march  in  at  one 
end  or  fide  of  the  vcITel,  and  out  at 
the  other.  The  appearance  of  thefe 
vermin  is  looked  upon  as  an  omen  of 
a  bad  harveft,  and  heretofore  there 
was  a  form  of  exorcifm  ufed  againft 
them  by  the  Romifh  clergy  ;  but  if  they 
prognofticate  a  fcanty  crop,  they  make 
amends  in  occadoniffg  a  good  hunting 

feafoAi 


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0/  the  Ducks  of  Iceland. 


i52. 

feaibn }  for  they  we  followed  by  great 
numbers  of  bears,  foxe«,  and  other 
animals^  which  eat  them  at  the  moft 
delicious  food.  The  common  people 
fuppofe  that  thefc  vermin  are  tranf- 
ported  through  the  surj  and  fcverai 
learned  men  have  embraced  the  fame 
opinion/* 

Oftbi  Ducks  ef  Iceland,  from  the  Sam. 
c<  XT  7  £  reckon  ten  different  kinds 
VV  of  wild  ducks  (in  Iceland) 
five  of  which  are  fit  to  be  eaten,  and 
well  flavoured.  Of  thefe  the  down- 
bird  is  the  moftefteemcd  and  chcriihcd. 
The  duck  is  of  the  common -fizc,  and  a 
dark- brown  colour,  except  on  the 
breaft,  which  is  of  a  lighter  hue  i  The 
drake  is  as  large  as  a  goofe,  and  has  a 

Srcat  number  of  white  feathers.  .^They 
elight  to  build  in  little  lonely  illands ; 
But  the  people  have  inticcd  them  to 
the  main  land  by  tender  ufage,  and 
fcreening  them  from  all  difturbance. 
Thus  treated,  they  will  fit  upon  their 
CMS,  when  vifited,  and  even  fuffer 
theih  to  be  taken  away,  once  or  twice 
in  a  feafon.  The  duck  will  contmue 
to  lay  others,  until  (he  is  allowed  to 
hatch  a  brood :  In  that  cafe  they  will 
return  next  year,  and  multiply  on  the 
fame  fpot.  In  making  their  nefts, 
thefe  birds  pluck  the  down  from  their 
own  breads,  that  on  this  bed  their 
eggs  may  lie  foft  and  warm.  The 
duck  Uys  four  large  green  eggs,  which 
are  delicious  to  the  palate :  rhelc  the 
natives  take  away,  together  with  the 
down,  and  deftroy  the  iicft.  The  d  uck 
goes  to  work  again  in  the  fame  man- 
ner, and  is  robbed  the  fecond  time. 
She  renews  her  labour  i  but  her  breaft 
being  by  this  time  bare,  the  drake 
fupplies  the  neft  with  down,  which,  as 
it  IS  white,  is  the  more  valuable.  If 
the  duck  is  three  times  deprived  of 
her  eggs,  ihe  quits  that  part  of  the 
country,  and  looks  out  for  a  new  ha- 
bitation :  For  that  rcafon  a  prudent 
farmer  will  allow  her  to  hatch  her  laft 
produce  5  and  he  may  be  certain  (he 
and  her  young  will  return  i>ext  feafon, 
when  he  will  have  three  nefts  inftead 
of  one.  When  the  young  quit  the 
neft,  the  people  gather  the  down  j  fo 
that  every  pair  yields  eight  eggs,  and 
three  parcels  of  down,  in  one  lealon  : 
This  down  they  export,  and  IcU  to 
great  advsintage/" 


luiy 


Tbi  Tttrkey  being  a  Fowl  in  high  Efteem 
at  the  Habits  sf  tbe  Curious,  the  foU 
hawing  Metbod  of  rearing  tbat  tender 
Bird,  fuecefsfidij  pradifed  asntrng 
the  Swedes,  s^y  pro<ve  jferviceable  to 
our  HoufenAiives. 

PLUNGE  the  chick  into  a  veiTcl  of 
cold  water,  the  very  hour,  if  poC- 
iible,  at  leaft  the  very  day,  it  is  hatch- 
ed, forcing  it  to  fwallow  one  whole 
pepper-corn,  after  which  return  it  to 
the  mother.  From  that  time  it  will 
become  hardy,  and  fear  the  cold  no 
more  than  a  hen*s  chick.  But  it  muft 
be  remembered  that  this  delicate  fpe- 
cies  of  fowl  is  alfo  fubjedl  to  a  parti- 
cular diforder  when  young,  which  fre- 
quently  carries  it  off  in  a  few  days. 
When  they  begin  to  droop,'  therefore, 
examine  carefully  the  feathers  on  the 
rump,  and  you  will  find  there  two  or 
three,  the  quill  part  of  which  fliall  be 
filled  with  blood.  Draw  thefe  and  the 
chick  will  recover,  and  afterward  re- 
quire norther  care  than  is  beftowed  on 
common  poultry.  Three  pariflies  in 
Sweden,  which  ufe  this  method,  are 
faid  to  have  gained  feveral  hundied 
pounds  by  the  rearing  of  turkies. 

i4  QuBSTXON  by  Mr.  W.Baxter. 

SUPPOSE  two  towers,  one  of  120 
feet  high,  and  the  other  iSo,  and 
their  diftance  1305  now  between  theie 
towers  is  a  concave  trench,  forming  a 
femi-ellipfis,  whofe  tranverfe  diameter 
is  the  diftance  of  the  towers,  and  the 
femi- conjugate  100:  It  is  required  to 
find  the  lencth  of  a  ladder  ftandins  in 
tHe  curve  ofthe  ellipfis,  fo  tffat  it  (hall 
juft  reach  the  top  of  each  tower  ? 

ra  /^#  A  U  T  H  O  R,    &c. 
S  I  R, 

BEING  very  much  pleafed  with  the 
Remarks  of  Pad.  Paolo  (p.  175-) 
on  Mr.  Glocefter  Ridley's  work.— I 
fliould  be  glad  if  you  could  acquaint 
him,  that,  I  think,  he  will  find  therein 
Mr.  Ridley  has  not  been  a  vaft  deal 
kinder  in  fome  things  to  the  memory 
of  Edward  VI.  than  to  poo^-  Van  Parre, 
being  almoft  as  angry  with  the  king, 
for  his  crime  of  giving  away  fome  of 
tbe  overftock  of  holy  church  linen,  to 
be  difpofed  of  towards  the  fupport  of 
one  or  his  charitable  foundations. 
lam,  &c. 
A  Friend  to  the  Memory  of  Ed^.  FI. 

ASPE£CH« 


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1768*  A     S    P   E 

A    SPEECH. 

IF  the  noble  lord,  who  is  10  anxious 
to  have  the  doors  of  the  houfe  coii- 
ftantly  (hut  again  ft  ftrangers,  had  con- 
tented hinrfelf  with  infifting,  that  there 
is  a  ftanding  order  to  this  cfFeft,  and 
that'  a  ftanding  order  (hould  be  ftrift- 
ly  obferved,  I  (hould  have  thought  it 
my  duty  to  fubmit  to  his  lordfhip's 
motion^  though  I  confefs  with  fome  re- 
lu^ance.  But  when  the  noble  lord,  not 
fatis(ied  with  an  authority  paramount 
to  all  arerument,  thinks  it  necc(rary  to 
giverea^ns  for  his  opinion,  he  fcems  to 
admit  that  the  point  is  at  lead'  difpu- 
t able 5  therefore  I  hope  he  will  permit 
roe  to  offer  fome  rcafons  to  the  houfe, 
why  I  dift'er  from  him  entirely. 

The  only  tolerable  pretence  for  re- 
fufmg  admittance  to  ftrangers  of  de- 
cent appearance  and  behaviour,  is, 
Iclt  there  (hould  not  be  room  for  the 
members  to  attend  to  bufmefs  with 
cafe  and  convenience  to  themfelves. 
^Whenever  this  happens,  and  we  all 
know  how  fcldom  it  docs  happen, 
every  member  has  a  right  (and  I  dare 
fay  his  lordlhip  will  fcldom  fail  to 
Brake  ufe  of  it)  to  move  that  the  houfe 
may  be  cleared.  In  every  other  light, 
I  think  that,  fo  far  from  behig  offend- 
ed at  the  prefcnce  of  ftrangers,  we 
Ihould  wi(h  to  have  as  many  witneffes 
as  po(rible  of  all  our  proceedings. 
What  his  lordftiip*s  motives  may  be, 
I  cannot  pretend  to  determine  j  but, 
for  my  own  part,  as  I  am  neither 
a(hamed  nor  afraid  of  what  I  fay  in 
this  houfe,  I  care  not  how  foon,  or 
how  univerftilly  it  is  reported  abroad. 
Wea'cenota  council  of  ftate,  nor  is 
it  our  bufinefs  to  deliberate  upon,  or 
direft  the  fecret  operations  of  govern- 
ment, though  it  be  our  duty  fome- 
times  to  enquire  into  them.  We  are 
the  reprefentatives  of  the  people,  and 
in  efFeft  a  popular  alFembly.  To  aim 
at  fecrccy  in  our  debates,  would  not 
only  be  a  vain  and  ridiculous  attempt, 
but,  I  apprehend,  abfolutely  contrary 
to  the  principle  upon  which  this  houfe 
is  conftituied.  It  would  be  turning  a 
democratical  affembly  into  the  form 
of  an  ariftocracy.  The  nobility  of 
Venice  wifely  bar  the  docu's  of  their 
fcnate-houfe,  becaulc  they  arc  not  the 
j-eprefentatives,  but  the  t)Tants  of 
the  people.  Such  a  policy  may  be 
prudent  and  nccclTary,  where  the  intc- 

July,  1768. 


£  C   R 


353 


refts  of  a  few  who  tfovern,  are  diffe- 
rent from  thofe  of  the  many,  who  are 
governed.  But  I  flatter  myfelf,  the 
noble  lord  will  not  infinuate,  that  the 
houfe  of  — — — -.  and  the  people  of 
Great  Britain  have  diff»;rent  or  fepa- 
rate  interefts  from  each  other,  or  that 
WE  can  have  any  views,  which  it  may 
import  us  to  conceal  from  our  confti- 
tuents.  Such  a  cafe  may  poflTibly  hap- 
pen hereafter,  but  J  am  fure  it  cannot 
be  faid  with  any  appearance  of  truth, 
of  the    prefent    houfe   of  , 

His  lordfhip  tells  us,  that  by  admitting 
ftrangers  to  hear  our  debates,  the 
ri»erch<»s  of  the  members  are  foon 
curr.cil  abroad  and  generally  mifre- 
prcfcnted.  Perhaps  it  may  be  fo ; 
but  will  barring  our  doors  prevent 
that  inconvenience  j  does  he  think 
that  in  an  aftemhly  of  above  five 
hundred  perfons,  the  difcourles  held 
here  will  not  be  carried  abroad, 
will  not  he  niifieprefented  ?  the  mem- 
ber of  this  houfe  are  neither  bound  to 
fecrccy,  nor  is  our  memory  or  judg- 
ment infallible.  But  if  his  anxiety 
turns  chiefly  upon  this  point,  I  would 
wifti  him  to  confider  tliat  a  ftranger, 
who  fits  quietly  in  the  gallery,  is  much 
more  likely  to  retain,  with  exailnefs, 
what  he  comes  en  purpofe  to  hear, 
than  a  member  who  perhaps  is  inte- 
refted  in  the  d-bate,  and  who  proba- 
bly hears  the  arguments  on  one  fide 
with  prejudice,  while  he  liftens  with 
partiality  to  thofe  of  the  other  Shall 
we  then,  fir,  without  any  reafonable 
motive  whatfoever,  give  this  houfe  the 
appearance  of  a  foreign  inquifition  ? 
(hall  it  be  faid  that  a  Britifti  houfe  of 
'  "  makes  laws  for  the  people, 
as  fome  flavilh  courts  of  judicature 
abroad  try  (late  criminals,  januis  clau- 
fis?  To  the  honour  of  our  courts  of 
juftice,  they  are  open  to  all  mankind 
to  make  tliem  refpedlable  in  the  eves 
of  the  people.  We  are  not  indeed  a 
court  of  judicature,  but  every  argu- 
ment for  opening  the  courts  in  Weft- 
minfter-hall  operates  with  equal  or 
greater  force  upon  us.  We  are  a  po- 
pular adcmbly  ---There  is  nuthing 
fecret  in  the  nature  of  our  bulViefs.--- 
By  pul)liniing  our  votes  we  admit  that 
the  nation  "has  a  rigiit  to  l)e  inforTr."d 
of  our  '  ptoceetiings.  ,But  above  nil, 
it  is  of  the  higueii:  importance  to  liie 
people  to  kupvv  the  featiaients  and 
y  y  ^  condtt^^ 


Digitized  b/VjOOQlC 


A    REMARKABLS     PROTEST^ 


354 

condufl  oF  each  particular  member, 
thnt  they  may  be  able  to  form  a  jult 
judgment  of  our  integrity  and  ability, 
and  in  what  manner  we  fupport  the 
intercfts  of  our  conftitucnts.  And 
fhall  motives  fuch  as  ihefe  have  no 
weight  with  us  ?  (hall  our  inhofpitable 
doors  be  clofed,  bccaufe  one  member 
is  afraid  of  being  mirreprefented  ?  I 
trifh  the  ro'^le  lord  was  as  cautious  of 
what  he  writes  in  other  phces,  as  of 
what  I.e  fays  here.  But  in  that  rc- 
fpe^t  he  has  taken  care  to  be  perfc6^Iy 
fafe.  The  military  manifcfto,  which 
he  has  tho\)glit  proper  to  give  under 
his  hand,  is  too  plain  to  be  mifunder- 
ftood,  and  too  bail  to  be  raifrepre- 
fented.     [Polli.  Reg,] 

Account  of  the  Eleilion  of  Sixteen  Scots 
Peers, 

SIR, 

AS  you  have  a  great  gufto  for  frefli 
intelligence  of  a  political  nature, 
I  have  taken  the  earlicll  opportunity 
cf  tranfmitting  to  you,  an  account  of 
the  proceedings  of,  what  is  common- 
ly called  the  cle<5tion  of  fix!een  of  the 
Scottifh  peerage  at  Edinburgh,  to 
reprefent  that  community  i  (in  other 
words  the  CoTtge  iVlUre^  pour  EcoJJ'e,)  I 
happened  to  be  in  Scotland  at  the 
time,  and  as  I  wri-e  the  Hiort-hand  as 
well,  I  believe,  as  ai>y  of  that  pou'e 
who  cauie  dj\^n  to  KJinburgh,  on 
occafion  of  the  Douglas  taule,  1  am 
enabled  to  give  you  a  dtfcription  au- 
thentic enough  of  the  bufinefs,  and 
of  the  earl  of  Buchan's  prolijll,  which, 
for  the  Iv.noiir  of  Scotlmd,  I  beg^ 
leave  jtill  t  j  obfcrve,  was  neirhrr  fi^n- 
ed  nor  (ccijiuied  by  one  of  that  iliuf- 
trious  fraitrnity,  nt.r  did  one  peer  ad- 
venture to  vote  for  Lord  Buclian  in 

preference  to  Lord  J e,   although 

that  lord  was  totally  unknown,  and 
that  the  earl  had  offered  himfelf,  above 
lix  weeks  l)eiore,  on  tl  e  bafls  of  a  free 
cle<5lion  ;  but  I  add  j.o  more ;  "  Let 
tIjc  llrickeu  tlecr  g  j  \v:ep." 

When  it  came  to  the  vote  of  the  esrl 
of  Huclijn,  \\U  lordf'i;)  Hood  up,  ar.d 
fiid,  **  My  lords>  Without  tl.e  k.iil  de- 
f<Lrcnce  to  the  r:uiilier  or  Ms  a^cuis,  I 
vote  for  th^^  fcllowin:;  j  ccrs  ; 

I.  The  .Ui?=.e  of  f/.rdon. 

a.  The  duke  cf  A:gy!. 

3.  The  d:.ke  of  AlhuW.  ; 

4.,  Tue  carl  cf  M'^i't'jn. 


July 


5.  The  carl  of  Buchan. 

6.  The  earl  of  Eglington. 

7.  The  earl  of  Strathmore. 

8.  The  carl  of  Abercorn. 

9.  The  earl  of  Loudon. 

10.  The  earl  of  March. 

11.  The  earl  of  Marchmont. 
13.  The  earl  of  Dunmore. 

1 3.  The  earl  of  Rofeberry. 

14.  The  earl  of  Bute. 

15.  Lord  vifcount  StornK>nt# 

16.  The  lord  Cathcart." 

After  the  eledtion  hit  lordfhip  ciT- 
tered    the   following    proteft,    which 

they  had  the  m fs  to  rcfufc  to  put 

in  the  minutes. 

PROTEST. 

I  David,  carl  of  Buchan,  being  un- 
willing that  my  name,  or  the  names 
of  fuch  peers  of  Scotland,  as  may  think 
proper  to  adhere  to  this  tny  proteft, 
(hould  be  handed  down  to  pofterity^  ats 
joining  or  acquiefcing  in  a  minifterial 
and  unconftitutional  nomination  of 
fixteen  peers  to  reprefent  the  peerage 
of  Scotland  in  parliament,  do  proteit, 
in  my  own  name,  and  in  the  names  of 
all  thofe  who  ftiall  adhere  to  this  my 
protefiation.  That,  whereas  a  lift  of 
fixteen  peers  for  Scotland  has  been  fra- 
med, long  before  tlie  time  of  thit 
election,  by  perfuns  in  high  truft  un- 
der the  crown,  and  that  fuch  lifts 
have  been  in  a  moft  fcandalous  man> 
ner  called  by  the  moft  (acred  name  of 
the  Kir.^'s  /.///,  to  the  proftitution  of 
that  mod:  venerable  authority,  which 
it  is  well  known  cannot  be  ufed  coa- 
ftitutionally  in  matters  of  eleftion,  de- 
clared to  be  free  by  the  moft  impor- 
tant charters  of  Briiidi  liberty.  And, 
like  wile,  when  we  confider,  th.1t  this 
lilt  has  been  daringly  Ibewn  by  the 
miniibr  to  feveral  peers  now  prefent 
in  this  afl'embly,  and  the  contents  of 
it  fupported  and  conveyed,  by  ft  ill 
more  daring*  agents,  to  other  peers 
like-vifs  now  prefent,  to  the  fubver- 
iion  of  tiie  freedom  of  ele6lion,  by 
intimidating  tliofe  who  were  to  give 
ihcir  fufrVages  for  fixteen  men,  wiio 
ars  to  be  velted  with  the  depofit  of  the 
li'jcrtics  «f  the  order,  and  capable  of 
operating;,  in  a  moft  remarkable  man- 
ner, upoii   the  liberties  of  the  ■    ■ 

',  and  of  the  nation  in 

gcnjial,  wiica  we  confider  thcfe  mat- 
tcis  ^ve  cannot  but  be  filled  with  the 
hi^htft  indigiution,    at  the  attempts,. 

which 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Letter  to  the  Earl  of  SKelburnr. 


1768. 

which  have  been  but  too  fucccfsfully 
made,  to  reduce  the  eleflioa  of  the 
ilxteen  peers  for  Scotland  to  a  mere 
minifterial  nomination,  at  once  dif- 
gracefuj  to  the  community,  and  Tub- 
verfive  of  the  freedom  of  parliaments. 

BUCHAN." 

I  (hall  make  no  comment  on  what  is 

fone  before,  and  (hall  only  add,  tliat 
am  your  conftant  reader 
[Polit,  Reg.^  John  Bull. 

An  Account  of  the  Exfences  of  his  pre- 
fent  Majeffs  State-Coack,  made  in 
the  Year  lySi* 


Coachmaker 

Carver 

Gilder 

Painter 

Laceman 

Chafer 

Harnefs- maker 

Mercer 

Bitt  maker 

Millcncr 

Sidlcr 

Woollen-draper 

Cover-maker 


4  Letter  to  the  Kigbt  Hon,  the  Earl  of 
Shelburne,  occajloned  by  his  Lordjhifs 
Letter  to  his  ExceUcncj  Governor  Ber- 
nard. (Seep,  306.) 
.  MaiTachufctt's  Bay,  Fcb.12,  1768. 
My  Lord, 

HI  S  excellency  governor  Bernard 
has  been  pleafed  to  give  orders 
to  the  fecretary  of  this  provmce  to  re?d 
to  the  houfe  of  repref^ntatives  a  letter 
he  had  received  from  your  Lordfliip, 
dated  Whitehall,  the  X7th  of  Septem- 
ber, 1767  i  which  having  done,  the 
fecretary  withdrew,  without  leaving  a 
copy  as  \ifual. 

The  lioufe  were  both  grieved  and 
adonilhed,  to  find  your  LoniOiip  un- 
der a  uecelTity  of  exprcirmg  fuch  unfa- 
vourable fentinients  of  the  two  houlcs 
of  the  general  afHrinSly,  as  well  as  of 
fo!ne  particular  members  of  this  houfe, 
altogether  ftrangers  to  you,  witli  re- 
gard to  the  elc6li<jn  of  counfellurs  in 
May  Lift.  They  ohferved  that  your 
LordOiip's  letter  had  a  reference  to  (e- 
veral  of  his  excellency's  letters,  upon 
which  your  fentiiuents  fcemed  to  be 
fi>rmcd  J  and  a?  liis  excellency  hud  in- 


/.  /. 

d. 

1673  15 

0 

2500  0 

0 

933  H 

0 

315  0 

0 

737  10 
665  4. 

385  15 

7 
6 
0 

202   5 

lOt 

99  6 

6 

3'   3 
10  16 

4 
6 

4  3 
3  9 

6 
6 

7562  4 

3i 

355 

timated  to  the  fpeaker  of  the  houfe  his 
defirc  of  having  a  copy  of  a  certain 
letter,  which  the  houfe  had  direaed  to 
be  fent  to  the  fpeakers  of  the  feveral 
houfes  of  aflembly  in  the  other  colo- 
nics, a  copy  of  which,  it  is  prefumed, 
will  be  laid  before  your  lordfliip,  the 
houfe  appointed  a  committee  to  wait 
on  his  excellency,  and  acquaint  him, 
that  they  were  ready  to  lay  before  him 
the  faid  letter,  and  their  whol.-  pro- 
ceedings, relating  to  an  important  af- 
fair than  before  them,  if  he  fhould  de  - 
(if e  it.  And  the  (ame  committee  wa$ 
dirciSled,  humbly  to  requcft  his  excel- 
lency to  favour  the  houfe  with  a  copy 
of  your  lordfhip's  letter,  together  with 
his  own  letters  to  which  it  referred  : 
Whereupon  mtflages  paded  between 
the  governor  and  the  houfe,  which  the 
houfe  beg  leave  to  inclofe  to  your 
Lordfhip, 

As  the  houfe  think  they  have  juft 
grounJs  of  fufpicion,  that  his  excel- 
lency's letters  to  your  Lordlhip  contain, 
at  leaft,  an  implication  or  charge  and 
accufation  againft  theni,  which  they 
are  kept  in  ignorance  ofj  they  rely 
upon  your  known  candour  and  juftice, 
that  upon  this  their  humble  requcft, 
you  will  be  pleafed  to  give  orders  that 
copies  be  laid  before  the  houfe  of  re- 
prefentativcs;  that  they  may  have  tlie 
opportunity  of  vindicating  thcmielves 
and  their  conftitutnrs,  and  of  happily 
removing  from  your  mind  an  opinion 
o.'  them,  grounded,  as  your  Lordlhip 
miglit  tlien  realbnably  judge,  upon 
^ood  infornuitioM,  as  having  behaved 
m  a  manner  unbecoming  ilic  charac- 
ter of  loyal  fubjiuls.  They  hope  you 
will  be  fo  favourable  as  to  lulpend  your 
further  judgment  of  them,  till  they 
can  be  made  acquainted  with  the  mat- 
ters that  may  have  been  aiitdged  a- 
gainll  them,  and  can  make  their  de- 
fence. In  the  mean  time,  thev  beg 
leave  jud  to  mention, to  your  L  rdlhip, 
that  the  tlo5lions  of  the  lalt  May,  fo 
far  aa  this  houfe  had  a  part  in  them, 
were  made  with  a  freedom  and  dtlibe- 
ration  fuitaole  to  the  impor  ance  of 
them  :  That  tl;cy  were  iiilluenced  by 
^lo  inoi'.ve:.,  but  the  prolpcrity  of  his 
majtlty'b  government,  and  tlie  Ijappi- 
neii  of  his  fubj-ili  j  ihit  the  non- 
elt^tion  of  Jcvcial  i^entlcmen  of  di- 
(linguidicd  chaiJwler  and  ftation,  was 
by  no  m-ans  the  c.Tecft  of  party  prcju* 
dice,    private  refcntmcnt;  or  motive's 

Y  y  2  ftnl 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ^ 


3.^6 


Rcmonftranci  from  New^England, 


ftiil  more  hi  am  cable;  but  the  rcfult  of 
cilni  reflexion  upon  the  danger  that 
might  accrue  to  our  excellent  conftitu- 
tion,  and  the  liberties  of  the  people, 
from  too  great  an  union  of  the  legifla- 
tive,  executive,  and  judiciary  powers 
of  government,  which,  in  the  opi- 
ni'm  of  the  greatcft  writers,  oi^ght  al- 
ways to  he  kept  Ceparate  :  Nor  was 
this  a  new  opinion,  fonned  at  a  cer- 
tain period  ;  but  it  has  been  the  pre- 
vailing fcatiment  cf  the  mod  fcnfible 
and  unexceptionable  gentlemen  in  the 
province  for  many  years  paft,  upon 
principles  which  your  lord(hip*8  tho- 
rough knowledge  of  the  conftitution, 
and  the  juft  balance  of  the  feveral 
powers  of  government,  this  houfc  is 
afTured,  will  juftify.  And  although 
his  excellency  was  pleafcd  to  exercifc 
his  undoubted  right  of  negativing 
fome  of  the  gentlemen  elected,  the 
houfe  have  had  no  reafon  to  alter  their 
opinion  of  them,  as  being  unexcep- 
tionable, in  point  of  ability,  fortune, 
and  character.  They  beg  pardon  for 
this  further  trouble  given  to  your 
Lordftiip,  which  they  could  not  avoid, 
being  follicitous  to  fet  their  conduft 
in  its  true  point  of  light  before  you  ; 
and  they  rely  upon  )our  known  juf- 
Tice,  that  you  will  intercede  with  the 
throne  for  this  province.  They  arc 
affured,  that  your  Lordfhip  will  not 
fuft'er  a  province  ro  be  mifreprefented, 
even  by  perfons  in  ftation  here ;  and 
if  there  be  any  fuch,  they  flatter 
thcmfelves  that  their  removal  will  ren- 
der this  people  happy  in  the  eftcem  of 
the  parent  country,  and  much  iraore 
Jo  in  the  fmiles  of  the  bcft  of  kings. 
Signed  by  the  Speaker. 
The  houfc  of  Reprefcntatives  of 
New  England  have  iranfmitted,  among 
other  letters  to  feveral  of  the  great  olti- 
cers  of  ftatc,  one  to  the  lords  eommif- 
fioners  of  the  treafury,  dated  Feb.  17, 
in  which  the  houfe  beg  Jeaye  to  lay 
before  their  lordfiiips  the  great  diffi- 
culties to  which  they  are  reduced,  by 
the  operation  of  divci^  a<5>8  of  parlia- 
jnent,  impofing duties,  to  be  levied  on 
the  fubje^s  o\  the  American  colonies, 
and  made  with  the  Iqle  and  exprefs 
p\irpt)(c  of  raifmg  a  revenue  -.  And 
they  iutreat  tlje  favour  of  their  lord- 
fliips  candid  jiKigm-nt  and  great  inte- 
rev  in  the  national  councils  for  redrefs: 
f  0  induct  them  to  v.hicb,  they  m^kc 


July 


the  following  among  other  reprefen- 
tatlons. 

"  The  blcfTings  of  the  Briti(h  con- 
ftitution will  for  ever  keep  the  fubjefU 
in  this  province  united  to  the  mother 
ftate,  as  long  as  the  fentiments  of  li- 
berty arc  prefervcd :  But  what  liberty 
can  remain  to  them,  when  their  pro- 
perty, the  fruit  of  their  toil  and  in- 
duftry,  and  the  prop^  of  all  their  fa- 
ture  hopes  in  life,  may  be  taken  from 
them  at  the  difcretion  of  others  ?— 
It  has,  till  of  late,  been  the  invaria- 
ble ufage  for  his  roajefty's  requidtions 
to  be  laid  before  their  own  reprefcn- 
tatives :  And  their  aid  has  not  been 
tributary,  but  the  free  and  voluntary 
gift  of  all :  The  change  is  in  its  na- 
ture delicate  and  important ;  your 
lord  (hips  will  judge  whether  there  be 
any  ncceflity  or  prefl[in|;  reafons  for  it: 
The  houfe  are  not  inlenfible  that  the 
colonies  have  their  enemiea«  who  may 
have  mifreprefented  them  to  his  ma« 
jerty's  minifters  and  the  parliament,  as 
feditious,  difloyal,  and  difpofed  to  fet 
up  an  independency  on  Great  Britain  : 
But  they  rely  upon  the  candour  of 
your  lordftiips  judgment;  The>  can 
affirm,  that  with  regard  to  this  pro- 
vince, and,  they  prefume  all  the  co- 
lonies,  the  charge  is  injurious  and  un- 
juft.  The  fuperintending  authority 
of  his  majefty's  high  court  of  parlia- 
ment, the  fupremc  legiflaturc  overthe 
whole  empire,  is  as  clearly  admitted 
here  as  in  Britain }  fo  far  as  is  con- 
fiftent  with  the  fundamental  rules  of 
the  conftitution  ;  and  it  is  not  further 
admifllble  there. 

The  houfe  arc  humbly  in  opinion, 
that  a  reprefentation  of  their  conftitu- 
ents,  in  that  high  court,  by  reafon  of 
local  ctrcumftances,  wilF  for  ever  be 
imprafticablc  :  And  that  his  majefty*s 
royal  predectflbrs  were  graciouflv  plea- 
fed,  by  charter,  to  ereil  a  legiflative 
power  in  the  province,  as  perfeSly  free 
as  a  fubordination  would  admit,  that  the 
fubjcds  here  might  enjoy  the  unalievi- 
able  right  of  a  reprefentation .  And 
further,  that  the  nation  hath  ever  fmce 
confidered  them  as  fubjedis,  though 
remote,  and  conceded  to  a^^s  of  their 
fubordinate  legiflation.  Their  char- 
ter is  a  check  upon  them,  and  effedtu- 
ally  fecures  their  dependance  on  Great 
Britain  J  for  no  afts  can  be  in  force 
till  the  king's  governor  has  given  his 

aftent ; 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 

affent ;  and  all  laws  that  are  made  are 
laid  before  his  majefty,  who  at  any 
time,  during  three  years  after  they 
are  made,  may  difannul  them  at  his 
royal  pleafure.  Under  this  check,  the 
houfe  ^umbly  conceive,  a  reprefenta- 
tion  in  parliament  cannot  be  necefTary 
for  the  nation,  and  for  many  reafons 
it  cannot  be  eligible  to  them :  All  they 
defire  is  to  be  placed  on  their  oric^nal 
ftanding  :  That  they  may  ftill  be  nap- 
py in  the  enjoyment  of  their  invalua- 
ble privileges,  and  the  nation  may 
ftill  reap  the  advantage  of  their  growth 
and  profperity. 

The  houfe  intreat  your  lordfhips 
patience  one  moment  longer,,  while 
they  }u(t  mention  the  danger  they  ap- 
prehend to  their  liberties,  if  the 
crown,  in  addition  to  iu  uncontro- 
verted  right  of  appointing  a  gover- 
nor, (hould  alfo  appoint  him  a  /U- 
pend  at  the  expence  of  the  people, 
and  without  their  confent.  And,  al- 
fo, whether,  as  the  judges,  and  other 
civil  officers  of  the  province,  do  not 
hold  commilTions  during  good  beha- 
viour, there  is  not  a  probability,  that 
arbitrary  rule  may  in  fome  time,  take 
effefV,  to  the  fubver/ion  of  the  princi- 
ples of  equity  and  juftice,  and  th« 
ruin  of  liberty  and  virtue. 

It  is  humbly  hoped,  that  your  lord- 
fhips  will  conceive  a  favourable  opi- 
nion of  the  people  of  the  province ; 
and  that  you  will  patronize  their  li- 
berties, fo  far  as  in  your  great  wifdom 
and  candour  you  ihall  judge  to  be 
right. 

Signed  by  the  Speaker." 

To  tbt  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 
.SIR, 

TH  E  following  matters  of  faft  re- 
lating to  the  ufe  of  tobacco  in  fu- 
nngation  are  what  I  cannot  but  efteem 
)^orth  the  notice  of  the  publick,  and, 
if  this  is  your  opinion  too,  e'en  publiih 
them. 

A  gentlewoman  of  my  acquaintance 
hte  deceased,  amufed  me  one  day  with 
the  following  account  of  one  of  her 
near  relations,  viz.  About  the  age  of 
forty  his  eyes  grew  To  weak  and  dim, 
that  he  was  obliged  to  have  1  ecoui  le 
to  fpe^acles,  the  ufe  of  which  he  con- 
tinued for  a  (hort  rime,  only  till  the 
following  application  of  common  to- 
bacco entirely  fuperfcUcd  it.    By  the 


Ufe  of^obaccQy  in  Fumigation. 


357 

advice  of  his  friends  be  wa«  perfuaded 
to  learn  the  praftice  of  fmoking  to- 
bacco, which  be  foon  did,  and,  during 
the  fumigation,  to  wet  his  finger  (light- 
ly with  the  faliva  then  tindlured  with 
the  fumes  of  the  tobacco,  and  with 
this  finger  wet  his  upper  eye  lids  (o  as 
to  keep  them  moid  during  the  time  of 
his  fmoking.  This  practice  at  the 
rate  of  no  more  tlian  two  pipes  in  a 
day,  recovered  his  fight  fo  well  in  three 
weeks  time  as  to  enable  him  to  read 
without  fpe^lacles,  and  with  rarely 
more  than  one  pipe  in  a  day  afterwards, 
not  to  want  the  ufe  of  them  till  he  was 
near  eighty  years  of  age,  about  which 
time  he  died.  The  author  of  this  flo- 
ry  was  a  perfon  of  remarkable  good 
(enfe  and  memory,  and  in  giving  her 
tedimony  to  it  could  entertain  no  pof- 
fible  motive  to  mirreprcfentation  or 
falfhood  i  other  examples  of  fuccefs  in 
this  pra6tice  have  been  well  known  to 
myfelf — one,  in  the  cafe  of  a  perfoii 
turned  of  fixty,  who  has  been  thence 
enabled  to  relinquilh  the  ufe  of  fpeda- 
cles)  another,  that  of  a  clergyman  of 
the  fame  age,  who  was  a  man  of  emi- 
nent learning  and  piety»  read  and 
wrote  much,  and  from  this  application, 
and  that  of  bathing  his  eyelids  now  and 
then  with  tar- water,  defended  himfclf 
from  the  neceflity  of  fpc£lacles  till  he 
^yas  near  feventy.  He  was  upon  \the 
point  of  taking  to  them  feveral  years 
before  fixty,  but  artured  me,  that  he 
was  convinced  this  method  had 
flrengthened  his  fight  in  the  manner 
here  defcribed. 

^  In  regard  to  myfelf,  my  ufual  prac- 
tice is  one  pipe  in  the  evening,  but 
this  not  every  day  j  ibmetimes  indeed 
two,  but  were  it  not  for  the  purpofe 
abovemtntioned,  I  ftiould  very  rarely 
fmoke  at  all.  From  my  daily  engage- 
ment for  feveral  hours  in  reading  or 
writing  or  both  (tew  days  excepted) 
I  cannot  but  infer  the  utility  of  this 
pra6lice  in  my  osa  n  cafe,  and  am  fen- 
fible  of  as  much  itrength  in  the  ufe  of 
my  tyt%t  now  at  forty- four,  as  I  en- 
joyed at  twcnty-cighr.  And  let  me 
here  obviate  an  objection,  viz.  that 
neither  the  exatleft  regularity  in  the 
qu.ility,  nor  temperance  in  the  quan- 
tity,  of  diet;  proportion  of  exercife, 
or  hininefs  of  conltitution  will  exempt 
from  fatigue  and  weaknefs  the  limb 
that  is  encumbsrcd  with  aOlduous  ap- 
plication 5    which  would  undoubtedly 

by 


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358  tobacco  excellent  for  the  Eyes. 

by  degrees  fink  under  the  burden,  were 
it  not  enabled  by  artificial  helps  to 
keep  pace  with  it*s  fellow  members  in 
it's  progrefs  to  decay.  Prevent'fon 
therefore  is  the  beft  remedy :  for  if  the 
afllftance  here  propofed,  or  any  other 
is  deferred,  till  the  power  of  refraftion 
in  the  natural  lens  is  once  fo  far  weak- 
ened, as  to  demand  the  ufe  of  the  ar- 
tificial, the  recovery  in  that  cafe  will 
not  render  the  eye  fo  firm  and  effcftive, 
as  it  might  have  proved  by  the  uniform 
ufe  of  a  preventive,  like  wounds  in  the 
body,  which  may  be  healed  and  dura- 
bly clofed,  but  the  part  affedled  can 
never  receive  fuch  a  iblid,  incorpora- 
tion as  there  was  in  the  original  com- 
pofition. 
The  tobacco  here  ufed  in  two  of  the 
'  lad  mentioned  inft:inres  was  a  difcre- 
tionary  compound  of  Britifli  herbs  ga- 
thered, and  dried,  ihred  and  mixed 
with  tobacco  in  the  proportion  of  two 
to  one.  Even  common  tobacco  I  ap- 
prehend to  be  of  much  fervice  this  way  j 
but  not  nearly  fo  much  as  the  mixed. 
With  refpcfl:  to  the  ufefulnefs  of  to- 
bacco diftering  in  different  conltitu- 
tions,  or  it's  produc'Hon  of  heats, 
relaxations,     ftupef.idtions,     &c.     va- 


July 

of  difcernment  to  afcertain  in  what 
cafes  tlTis  is  ufeful  or  prejudicial,  and 
to  what  degree  it  may  be  ufed  with 
moderation. 

That  the  ufe  of  fmoking  common 
tobacco  in  a  moderate  way  is  ndt  pre- 
judicial to  the  eyes  is,  in  my  opinion, 
abundantly  evident  from  the  many 
inftances  of  old  people  continuing  the 
ufe  of  that  and  their  fight  together  to 
a  very  late  period  of  lile.  This  nefi;a« 
tive  proof,  together  with  the  polltive 
ones  I  have  advanced,  and  others  of  a 
bke  kind  which  I  have  from  time  to 
time  read,  owing  to  the  ufe  of  the  cele- 
brated Britifh  herb,  and  other  private 
confiderations,  have  confirmed  my 
convictions,  mcihinks  beyond  the 
power  of  defeat.  I  cannot  therefore 
embrace  all  this  evidence  in  favour  of 
my  fnbieft  without  puffing  it  off  to 
you  and  the  world  ;  to  the  fervice  of 
which  I  hope  to  dedicate  my  eyes,  as 
long  as  they  retain  any  fire  in  them, 
and  continue  in  abetter  condition  thaa 
that  bf  dull  and  afhes. 

I  have  only  to  add,  that  the  examples 
here  alledgcd  in  proof  arc  abfolutefatls, 
and  well  worth  credit — Sure,  I  fliculd 
blufh  to  find   any  perfon  whatfoever 


fubraitted  both  to  better  judgment 
and  to  pcrfonal  experience  ;  but  in 
this  latter  cafe  private  examples  may 
be  eafily  led  into  mittakc  either  from 
the  excels,  or  the  unfeafonablenefs  of 
the  prn^tice,  to  which  they  may  have 
variety  of  temptations,  from  company, 
liquor,  paftime,  even  folitude  itfclf — 
However,  the  eyes  are  a  part  of  the 
htnnan  conftitution,  liable,  perh  i])s, 
to  the  lead:  exception  of  3ny,  and  con- 
fcqaently  more  capable  of  general  ap- 
plications. 

In  the  medicnl  ufe  of  common  to- 
bacco there  arc  mai>y  fubje6ts  in  whom 
it  operates  as  a  gentle  aperitive;  tho' 
even  this,  prol-.^'oly,  by  rcloxaiion : 
But  the  effeil  of  it  in  drying  the  brain, 
hurrying  fecretion«,  walHng  the  nu- 
tritious tiuids,  or  acctlcrating  infenfi- 
Me  pcrfpiration,  \'>  nioft  probibly  the 
re'ait  of  it's  atniie  ;  in  tome  of  which 
cafcS  I  have  received  hurt  from  the 
cxccfs  of  it  /t^vrral  times.  Without 
doubt,  the  emery,  of  feveral  medi- 
cines has  betu  *!.uiv^ntd  by  means  of 
Jnfy  am!  irj -t^u-ious  conclufions 
formed  upon  tlitir  hIaI,  and  therrfcre 
it   rcquiics  a  vtr^'   ccrapcunt    dtr^rce 


be    fmoke  the  cheat,   and  blaft  the  name 
ts,  '  of  yours,  &c. 


yo 
Dorlet,  May  ig,  1768.'    Clehicus, 

To  the  AUTHOR   of  the  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

Th'Jpirit  of  Churcbljrn  farther  explaining 
itfelfi^no  reformation'. 
SIR, 

A  third  letter  to  the  author  of  the 
confelFional abounds  with  matter. 
I  fhail  beg  the  favour  of  laying  before 
the  public  a  few  remarks  upon  it,  by 
the  channel  of  your  very  reputable 
and  extcnfivc  Magazme. 

Civil  cfahl'ijlmenti  cf  religion  (^0  1  arm 
upon  the  ivhole,  ivhcre  the  pc^H:^  i-jlth- 
cut  themt  ivould  have  better  fictions  of 
irHrio/:,  than  they  hanje  iiith  them.'''  p. 
29,  a  conccHion,  that  is  enough  of  aU 
coiilcitiuce,  to  blow  up — and  yet,  this 
church  defender  h\%  given  us  full  r.f- 
furance,  that  there  fii  ill  be  no  refor- 
mation in  fuch  matters  wliich  are 
complnined  of  by  the  author  of  the 
Conftlnana!. — This  mir  do6U>r  f.^ys 
r X pre r> ! y ,  p.  1 44..  Miv  //'/  dqHr'uie  of 
the  t)'in:ty  is  i.vhat  tve  cninot  ever  ^ive 
7/A...,— To  prove  he  is  in  earn^it,    we 

fiu4 


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1768. 


spirit  of  Cburchifm^   (Sc. 


359 


find  him  reproaching  and  reviling  fe-  And  who  would  not  rather  chufe  to 

vcral  of  the  moft  vtncrablc  characters,  fubfcribe   this   creed  of  MolTammed, 

who  have  done  the  ercatcft  honour  to  as  it  refpeds  God  and  Jefus  Chrift, 

the  EngHfh  church  eftablilhment.— Ti&^  than  either  the  Athanafian^  or  Nicene 

eommomous  cafuiflry  of  Clayton,    Clarke,  creed  ?-»-Did  not  the  Athanafian  hcrc- 

Sykes,  and  others  p»   107,-- in  p.  32  he  fy  give   Mohammed  the  greatcft  ad 


fpeaks  of  the  obliging  fopbiflry  of  Dr. 
Clarke  the  poifonous  fepbijtry  intro- 
duced in  1711,  p.  93,  comp,  p.  105, 
in  thf  point  of  lubfcribing  in  the  fub- 
fcribers  own  fenfe,  and  not  in  that 
of  the  impofcrs.— Surely  this  muft  be 


vantage,  in  the  iiredit  that  was  at  iirft 
given  to  his  Koran  ?  And  is  it  not 
at  this  day  the  fheet  anchor  of  popery 
and  of  all  church  tyranny  ? 

The  letter  writer,  neverthelefs  dcniei 
that  thechurch  of  England  lasanylean- 


poifonous  fophiftry  !— 5«/  propofals  of   ings  towards  popery,  p.  164..  In  a  more 
fmall  changes  may  introduce  great  ones,    full  confutatipn  of  this,  fee  i^/im^2/2;j//f. 


p.  no.  not  any  reforming  attempt  can 
have  the  leaft  countenance.  And  to 
give  the  Athanafian  greater  fpirit,  and 
bribe  his  padions  on  the  fide  of  that 
herefy,  this  do^or  has  placed  the  uni- 
tarian in  a  lightj  which  he  thought 
the  moft  obnoxious !  For  he  tells  his 
readers  p.  160,  where  he  had  been  to 
get  his  information-'-and  x\\?kX.  .there  is 
an  authentic  infirument  in  the  ar(hhiJhop''s 


to  the  caufes  ^uhich  obJlru6led  the  reforma- 
tion, and  hath  hitherto  presented  its 
progrefs.  Printed  for  T.  Becket,  &c. 
1768.  An  excellent  little  pamphlet. 
Our  L,  W.  has  advanced  Jbme  other 
popifti  principles,  as  in  p.  23,  where 
he  puts  the  queftion,  luho  fhall  he  judge 
of  ivhat  is  read  in  fcripture  or  may 
he  thereby  proved  ?-^She  for  herfelj  : 
E<very  private  perfon,  luho  thinks  he  can 


library  at  Lambeth,  in  ivkich  a  number  J'or  himfeif.'- -This  he  mumbles— his 
9f  Englijh  Socinians  apply  to  the  emperor  meaning  is  more  intelligible,  p.  28^ 
of  Morocco  and  his  fubjeds  as  their  bre-  where  he  rallies  the  notion  of  the 
thren  in  the  faith,  p.  160.  Here-  common  people  being  able  to  judg« 
by  our  church-defender  thinks,  he  for  themfelves  the  fenfe  of  fcripture, 
has  efFcftually  difgraced  the  Unitarians,  and  fo  far  from  defending  Birtiop  Clay- 
But  does  he  know  that  the  belief  of  ton*s  principles  or  praftices---/»  his 
one  God,  is  the  firft  principle  of  all  judgment,  doubtlefs  e^ery  dijjenfer  doer 
true  religion  ?  And  that  Jefus  thrift  harm  :  yet  he  may  accidentally  do  goody 
himfelf  has  faid,  t\\zt  this  is  life  eternal  by  making  others  more  fiudious  and  cir- 
to  knonu  thee  the  only  true  Cody  and  Je-  cumfpedl,  ^.29.  However,  focieties,  be 
fys  Chrijl  thy  meffenger  ?  And  does  not  fays,Jbould  bear  iviih  the  harm,  becaufe 
Mahommed,  in  his  Koran,  aik,  chap,  it  mufi  be  prefumed  to  proceed^    nvitbout 


27.  •*  Is  there  any  other  God  partner 
with  the  true  God  ?"  And  in  Koran, 
chap.  5.  **  They  are  furely  infidels, 
who  fay,  verily,  God  is  Chrilt  the  fon 
of  M<ryj  fmce  Chrift  faid,  O  children 
of  lOael  I  Serve  God,  my  Lord  and 
your  Lord ;  whofocver  lliall  give  a 
tempanion  unto  God,  God  (hall  exclude 
him  from  paradile  •"-—will  this  Atha- 
nafian be  able  to  (hew  us  any  thing  in- 
confiftcnt  in  the  addrcfs  ol  the  KngliHi 
Sociniaiis,  when  they  owned  the  Mo- 
hammedans their  brethren  in  the  (nith 
of  the  one  God,  and  of  J'^fus  Chrift's 
owning  the  one  God,  his  Ljnl  ?--- 
Or  can  he  tell  us,  what  impropriety 
there  would  be  in  an  Unitarian  calling 
rJctju  his  brother,  in  tlie  faith  of  the 
one  God  ?  It  does  not  appear  that 
the  Englilh  Sociaians  did  ever  own 
that  Mohammed  was  the  prophet  of 
the  one  God,  and  in  th  t  (ipnlc  Moham- 
medans were  their  brethicn. 

•  SiiUs  Koran,  %'cL  \ 


bad  intention,  from  the  imperfeSlion  of 
human  nature:  and  intolerance  of  tolera- 
ble opinions  and  praSlices  njtjould  do  much 
more  harm.'--liQre  truly,  the  protef- 
tant-di (Tenter  is  treated  with  more 
tendernefs  than  he.  has  lately  been  from 
the  pulpit  in  R---1  C---I,  where  it 
was(aidApril  17,  in  the  earof  M---y, 
that  the  protellant  di/Tent  was  not 
from  conl'cience;  but  from  vanity, 
perverfenefs,  &c."---This  made  me 
imagine,  that  we  are  going  to  have  a 
new  edition  of  Q  J"en  Anne's, four  lalt 
> ears!-- -our  L.  W.  we  own,  is  more 
favoiir.^Me.  And  yet,  every  difjhitcr 
do^s  bar,;:.  In  what  ?  why,  inaficrting 
and  maintaining  the  rights  of  private 
judgment,  and  in  furt'erincj  no  human 
anthority  to  b-  excrciicd  over  his 
faith  or  confcs^nce,  in  religious  mat- 
ters.-- darin^^  wretch!  tidd  ii^on  him. 
Our  dociiff,  ftiMCfons  of  his  Atlia- 
nafian  hcrcly  cua  thus  rally  the  au- 
thor 
.p»  I -f 6 ,  / r:^:!cJ  1764.. 


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360  EXCEL 

thor  of  the  ConfciTional.  An  ixcelUnt 
rtformtr !  to  fetd  the  ignorance  and  pre* 
judici  of  the  people  by  indulging  them  the 
ufe  of  creeds  luhicb  are  not  agreeable  to 
Jcripture  !  on  *wbat  principles  can  this  be 
jupified  ?  I  fuppofe  you  learned  it  from 
Uurretine  and  your  friinds  at  Gem^va"^ 
p,  155.  One  would  be  aftoniihed  at  a 
man's  uiiiig  fuch  flaring  addrefs,  with 
the  two  myftical  creeds  in  bis  right 
hand. 

The  farther  to  alTurc  us,  no  refor- 
mation can  take  place  in  the  church, 
he  informs  us.  In  the  principal  points  of 
faitb  and  ivorjfbip,  the  bijbops  and  clergy 
nuanted  no  alterations  j  not  even  under 
George  tbe  fecond^^  p»  ii'^. 

Once,  indeed,  I  find  him  mentioning 
real  corruptions  or  deficiences.  But  he 
fays  that  wr  are  not  to  judge  of  what 
things  are  fo,  or  of  what  moment,  or 
what  may  be  hoped  or  feared  from 
them,  but,  of  all  thefe  things  thof'e 
only  in  high  flations,*  are,  each  to  judge 
for  himl'elf,  this  appears  to  be  his  rea- 
foning  p.  153. 

Which  leads  me  to  notice  one  or 
two  flridtures  of  his  political  principles. 
The  author  of  the  Conieflional  had 
cbferved,  that  the  Englifh  Arminians, 
at  the  Synod  «f  Dort,  had  advanced  * 
indefcafible  hereditary  right,  juredivi- 
90 i  by  means  o(  which  do^rine,  re- 
fiflance,  even  to  a  Nero  or  a  Caligula, 
became  a  damnable  fin.  Upon  which 
the  doftor  fays.  But  nx'by  by  tneans  of 
this  doQrtne  ?  St,  Paul,  <who  probably 
bad  ne'ver  heard  of  it,  pronounces  rejif- 
tance  to  Nero  a  damnable  fin.  Now  St. 
^aul  cannot  be  miltaken  by  any  care- 
ful readers,  for  he  exprefsly  (ays,  that 
rulers  are  not  a  terror  to  good  *works, 
but  to  tbe  svil,"-Do  that  ivhich  is  good 
and  thou  Jbalt  ba^ve  praife  of  tbe  fame: 
For  be  is  tbe  minifer  of  God  to  t bee  for 

food.  For  though,  as  a  minifler  rf  God, 
e  is  a  renjenger  to  luratb  upon  htm  that 
doeth  e'vil :  Yet  he  is  not,  as  a  minijier  of 
Cod,  fuch  a  ^'rathful  revenger  on  him 
that  is  a  doer  of  right  things.  Refiftance 
therefore  to  Neto,  when  he  did  not  be- 
have in  chara^ler  as  a  fupreme  magif- 
trate,  could  not  incurr  damnation ; 
neither  in  the  judgment  of  St.  Paul, 
nor  in  the  reafoo  and  truth  of  things. 
It  could  not,  becaufc  the  <vjcal  oi  the 
people  is  the  divine  end  of  government; 
and  not  tbe  arbitrary  will  of  the  prince. 
'.-But  if  it  was  a  damnable  fin  to  re- 
fill a  tjrnni,  mankind  would  bepuniik- 


LENT.  July 

able  for  the  nobleft  and  mofl  merito- 
riont  exek-tion  of  all  thofe  powers 
which  God  hat  given  them. 
^  It  is  farther  infinuated,  that  a  Bri- 
tifh-proteftant-prince  may  bt  put  into 
circumftancea  that  would  joflify  his  ap- 
plying even  tothtpope  for  his  afliftance. 
Ferbaps  it  may  he  feud,  difirefi  princes 
may  be  glad  to  compound  ivith  his  bolinefs 
for  fome  ponver,  againfl  rebellious  fubje£tj 
nuhb  nvould  grant  him  none.  Let  fncb 
rebellious  fubjeds  confider  this,  ivho,  from 
their  principles  of  ele^on  and  grace,  /«- 
deavour  to  drrve  their  princes  into  this 
diftrefs.  As  to  Charles  the  firfl,  all  bis 
injuries  from  the  CaMnifs  cotdd  not  drin/g 
him  into  popery,  although  his  queen  *was 
aJ/Uuous  to  intice  him  to  it,''"  /.  S7.  ^ 

A  worfe  idea,  a  more  debafmg  and 
more  deteflable  one  cannot  be  formed 
of  any  Britifh  Prince !  Nor  a  fuller 
proof  given  of  his  antt-proteftant-fpirit» 
than  his  taking  fuch  a  fcandalous  re- 
fuge« — Neither  did  papal  Rome  fland 
in  need  of  more  evidence  than  they 
had  of  Charleses  favourable  difpofitions 
towards  popery.  It  therefore  could  not 
be  any  other  than  the  influence  which 
his  popifh  queen  had  over  him,  that  led 
him  to  every  violation  of  law,  and  of 
•  the  rights  of  a  free  people  j  which 
brought  him  into  all  his  dillrefTes  :  Hit 
tyranny  was  the  mere  refult  of  popiih 
counfels.  Nor  could  he  have  abufed 
and  perverted  the  endsof  government, 
had  he  not  been  af  mofl  detpicable  de- 
votee of  Rome.— But  why  fhould  this 
oppofition  to  him  be  afcribed  to  the 
principles  of  eleSion  and  grace,  when 
the  articles  of  the  church  of  £.  avovr 
thefe  principles  ?  and  yet  the  moft 
zealous  defenders  of  them  are  for  non» 
refiflance  and  pajjtnje  obedience?— Vf'il^ 
neis  the  leijter- writer. 

An  Advocate  for  religious  Liber ty. 

Extras  from  the  Rev,  Mr.  Blackburnc't 

Confiderations  On  the  prefent  State 

of  the  Controvcrfy  between  the  Pro- 

tcflants  and  Papi^s  of  Great  Britain 

anil  Ireland,  &c. 

"  TXT'  E  fcem,    in  matters  of  reli- 

VV     gion,  to  be  arrived  at  a  very 

interelling  crifis,  wherein  the  prophecy 

of  our  bleflcd  Saviour,    namely,    that 

**  becaufc  of  the  abounding  of  iniquity, 

the  love  of  rtiany  fhall  wax  cold,'*    is 

fulfilled  among  us,  as  vifibly  at  leafl  as 

it   has  been  among  Chriftians  of  any 

ctlier  pericd  iinct  the  prophecy  was 

delivered. 


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1768. 


REFLECTIONS. 


361 


delivered.  There  feems  to  be  at  this 
time  not  only  a  general  coolnefs  to- 
wards the  proteftant  religion,  as  dif- 
tinguifhed  from  thcfpirit  and  pradlicci 
of  popery,  but  likewife  a  general  inat- 
tention to  thofc  intercfts  of  the  tempo- 
ral as  well  as  of  the  fpiritual  kind, 
which  it  was  the  glory  and  praife  of 
our  anceftors  to  lupport. 

Unhappily  for  the  public,  as  well  as 
individuals,  the  faihion  of  the  times 
prevails  too  often  in  religion,  as  well 
as  in  matters  of  kfs  importance.  The 
word  of  God,  for  which  the  poor 
people  hungred  and  thirftcd  in  the  be- 
ginning of  the  reformation,  now  that 
jt  is  fet  open  to  every  one  with  the 
greateft  freedom,  fcems,  in  too  many 
inftanccs,  to  be  defpifed  and  neglected, 
like  other  things,  which  lofe  their  va- 
lue, when  they  lofe  their  novelty. 
Many  fcem,  now,  even  to  pride  thcm- 
fclvcs  in  their  ignorance,  and  to  think 
themfelves  happy  in  being  able  to  ex- 
cufe  their  ungodly,  fraudulent,  or  im- 
moral practices,  on  the  pretence  of 
wanting  learning,  or  what  they  call 
fcholarmip  ;  unmindful  that  he  who  is 
wilfully  ignorant  of  his  Lord's  will, 
when  he  may  have  the  opportunity 
of  learning  it,  will  be  beaten  with  as 
many  ftripes,  as  he  who  knows  it,  and 
doth  it  not ;  and  that  the  few  ftripes 
mentioned  in  the  parable  are  allotted 
to  thofe  only,  from  whom  their  maf- 
tcr's  will  is  concealed  by  fome  unavoi- 
dable obftruftion  or  incapacity. 

On  another  hand,  it  has  been  ob- 
fervcd,  that  a  felfifti  fpirit  prevails  too 
much  in  thofe  concerns  wherein  our 
very  conftitution  is  at  ftake.  "The 
public,  fay  forae  people,  is  the  laft 
thing  that  is  cared  for,  even  by  thofc 
clalTes  of  men,  who,  both  by  their  fta- 
tion  and  abilities,  are  under  the  high- 
eft  obligations  to  confult  its  welfare, 
without  which  individuals  can  have  no 
fecurity  for  their  peace,  their  property, 
or  even  their  very  cxiftence." 

This  ftate  of  the  cafe  muft  turn  the 
eyes  and  expectations,  of  thole  who 
perceive  the  approaching  cffcds  of 
this  indifference,  upon  the  clergy,  of 
courfe.  Their  condu6l  will  be  marked 
by  the  judicious  few,  though  the  fecu- 
lar  and  flothful  among  them  may  be 
indulged  and  even  applauded  for  con- 
forming to  the  fafhion  of  the  times,  by 
thofe  who,  fliunning  the  light  of  the 
Gofpel  themfelvesy  oeitber  underilaiid 

July,  1768. 


their  own  duty  nor  that  of  their 
teachers,  and  who,  defiring  to  be  in- 
duleed  in  their  turn,  are  readycnough 
to  fcreen  themfelves  under  examples, 
who,  they  will  fay,  would  Certainly 
dire«^  them  to  a  better  pra6llce,  if  a 
better  practice  was  ncceflary. 

But  let  no  man  deceive  himfclf  with 
vain  words.  In  any  general  calamity, 
fuch  as  a  return  of  popery  would  bring 
upon  us,  even  thcfc  thoughtlefs  men 
muft  fufter  as  well  as  others,  either  by 
fubmitting  to  a  remorfelcfs  eccUfiafti- 
cal  tyranny,  or  by  a  mercilels  venge- 
ance for  oppofing  it,  and  wil  then  be 
fufficienily  awake  to  fee  clearly  fioni 
whence  their  fnfFerings  are  derived  5 
and  would  be  the  firft  to  reproach  thofe 
who  have  flUtered  them  in  their  (lum- 
bers, and  complied  with  them  in  thofe 
follies  and  diflipations,  which  now 
keep  them  fecure  and  infenfible  cf  the 
common  danger.  It  will  be  our  hap- 
pinefs  and  our  comfort  in  fuch  an 
evil  day,  to  have  the  teftimony  of  our 
confciences,  that  we  have  not  ceafed  to 
jvarn  every  one,  within  our  refpeftive 
departments,  of  the  juft  judgments  of 
God  upon  thofe  who  either  neglecl  tJie 
care  of  their  falvation  in  the  world  to 
come,  or  undervalue  the  means  of 
workrng  it  out  to  the  greateft  ad-van- 
ta|;e,  which  have  been  fo  bountifully 
aftorded  and  Co  repeatedly  prelcrved 
and  refcucd  from  the  deftructive  jaws 
of  popiih  tyranny  and  arbitrary  power, 
by  the  vigilance  of  a  gracious  provi- 
dence, over  this  particular  country, 
perhips  without  example  in  any 
other." 

The  Bat,     From  Britiih  Zoology,   lately 

pubdficd. 
«*  ^^TpH  I  Sfingular  animal  was  placeii 
X  by  Pliny,  Geth<:r,  Aldrovan- 
dus,  and  fome  other  naturalifts,  among 
the  birds  :  they  did  not  confider,  that 
it  wanted  every  charader  of  that  or- 
der, of  animals,  except  the  power  of 
flying  :  if  the  irregular,  uncertain,  and 
jerking  motion  of  the  bat  in  the  air, 
can  merit  the  name  of  fiij;ht.  No  birds 
whatfoever  are  furniHied  with  teeth  or 
bring  forth  their  young  alive,  and 
Aickle  them  :  Were  other  notes  want- 
ing, thefe  would  be  fufHcient  to  de- 
termine that  the  bat  is  a  quadruped. 

The  fpecies  now  defcrioetl,  is  the 
larger  of  the  two  kinds  found  in  Eng- 
land \  and  the  moft  common  :  the  ufual 

Z  z  i  ength 


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Sketch  of  the  Trial 


July 


of  it,  is  about  two  inches  and  a  half : 
the  extent  of  the  fore- legs  nine  inches. 
The  members  that  are  ufually  called 
the  wings,  are  nothing  more  than  the 
four  interior  toes  of  the  fore-feet,  pro- 
duced to  a  great  length,  and  connefted 
by  a  thin  membrane;  which  extends 
alfo  to  the  hind  legs ;  and  from  them 
to  the  tail :  The  firft  toe  is  quite  loofc, 
and  fervts  as  a  heel,  when  the  bat 
walks  ;  or  as  a  hook,  when  it  would 
adhere  to  any  thing.  The  hind  feet 
are  difengaged  from  the  membrane, 
and  divided  into  five  toes,  furnii^ied 
with  pretty  ftrong  claws.  The  mem- 
branea  are  of  a  duflcy  colour :  The 
body  is  covered  with  (hort  fur,  of  a 
moufe-colour,  tinged  witk  red.  The 
eyes,  are  very  fmall :  the  ears  like  thofe 
of  the  moufe. 

This  fpecies  of  bat  is  very  common 
in  England  :  It  makes  its  firft  appear- 
ance early  in  the  fummer,  and  begins 
its*  flight  in  the  duik  of  the  evening  t 
It  principally  frequents  the  fides  of 
woods,  glades,  and  (hadv  walks  $  and 
is  alfo  frequently  obferved  to  flcim  alone 
the  furface  of  pieces  of  water,  in  quett 
of  gnats  and  infers  :  thefe  are  not  its 
only  food ;  for  it  will  cat  meat  of  any 
kind  that  it  happens  to  find  hanging 
up,  in  a  larder. 

The  bat  brings  only  two  young  at  a 
time  ;  which  it  fuckles  from  two  teats 
placed  on  the  breaft,  like  thofe  of  the 
human  race  :  For  this  reafon,  Linnxus 
has  claffed  this  animal  in  the  fame  or- 
der with  mankind  ;  and  has  honoured 
both  with  the  common  title  of  Pri- 
mates, or  the  chiefs  of  the  creation. 

Towards  the  latter  end  of  fummer^ 
the  bat  retires  into  caves,  ruined 
buildings,  the  roofs  of  houfes,  or  hol- 
low trees }  where  it  remains  the  whole 
winter  in  a  ftate  ot  ina6tion  ;.  fufpend- 
ed  by^  the  hind  feet,  and  clofely 
wrapped  up  in  the  membranes  of  the 
fore-fcct. 

The  voice  of  the  bat  is  lomewhat 
like  that  of  the  moufe ;  but  very  low, 
and  weak.  Ovid  takes  notice  both  of 
that,  and  the  derivation  of  its  Latin 
name. 

Lucemque  perofae 

Nofte  volante,  Icroquc  tenent  a  vef- 
pere  nomen. 
Minimam  pro  corpore^ocem 

Emittunt  peraguntque  lev!  Itridore 
querjelas* 

Met.  Hb.  iv.  10. 


A  curforv  Sketch  of  the  Trial  of  Szmutl 
Gillam,  £/y;  for  Murder, 

MONDAY  morning  (July  n) 
about  ten  o'clock,  Samuel 
Gillam,  Efq;  one  of  his  majefty's 
juftices  of  the  peace  for  the  county  of 
Surry,  was  tried  at  the  Seffions-houfe 
in  the  Old  Bailey,  for  the  murder  of 
one  Redbum,  a  weaver,  in  St.Georee^s 
Fields,  on  Tuefday  the  loth  of  laft 
May,  by  giving  orders  to  a  party  of 
the  Third  ftegiment  of  Guards  to  fire 
upon  the  populace,  which  order  be- 
ing complied  with,  Redbum  unfortu- 
nately loft  his  life. 

The  profecution  on  this  trial  was 
conduced  in  the  name  of  RedbtU7i*t 
widow,  and  in  the  courfe  of  the  evi. 
dence  againft  the  prifoner  it  appeared, 
that  a  prodigious  concourfe  of  difor- 
derly  people  had  afTembled  on  Mon- 
day the  9th  of  Mav,  in  St.  George*s 
Fields,  where  after  they  had  continued 
a  confiderable  time,  exclaiming  ITilket 
and  Liberty,  they  made  an  attack  upon 
the  King's- Bench  prifoo,  threw  fh)net 
into  the  marfhal's  houfe,  and  at  length 
burft  open  the  outward  gate  of  the 
prifon,  to  the  inexpreffible  terror  of 
the  keepers,  who  not  only  apprehend-  / 
ed  that  the  prifoners  would,  in  this 
confufion,  make  their  efcape,  but 
imagined  that  their  own  lives  muft 
be  inevitably  endangered  if  they  re- 
fifted  the  ungovernable  fury  of  the 
rioters.  Notwithftanding  thefe  appre- 
henfions,  however,  the  keepers  guard- 
ed the  inner  doors  of  the  prifon  (b 
fuccefsfuUy,  that  the  mob  difperfed 
without  efte6ling  their  purpofe.  But 
the  marfhal  dreading  their  return  the 
next  day,  and  fearing  ftilt  greater 
outrages  from  their  turbulence,  ap- 
plied to  the  magiftrates  for  afliftance, 
and  a  party  both  of  horfe  and  foot 
guards  was  ordered  to  be  in  conftant 
readinefs  to  give  every  neceiTary  fup- 
portto  the  civil  authority. 

Next  Day,  as  the  marfhal  fufpedled, 
the  mob  came,  encreafed  greatly  in 
number,  to  St.  GeorRe's  Fields,  ex- 
claiming as  before,  Iv tikes  and  Liberty^ 
and  appearing  not  only  from  the  cir- 
cum (lance  of  their  increafe,  but  from 
the  tenor  of  their  exclamation,  to  be 
determined  upon  a  repetition  of  their 
outrages,  the  maeiftrates,  attended 
by  the  guards,  judged  it  abfoluttly 
ncccfl'ary  to  fland  forth  for  the  prc- 
fervation 


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Of  Justice    Gillam. 


1768. 

fcrvation  of  ithc  peace,  the  honour  of 
the  laws,  and  the  fecurity  of  govcra- 
ment.  Among  the  magiOrates,  thus 
difcharging  their  duty,  Mr.  Gillam 
was  very  much  diftinguiflied.— He 
cxpoftulatcd  in  the  gentleft  terms  with 
the  populace,  on  the  dangers  which 
were  likely  to  arifc  from  fuch  an  ille- 
gal allcmbly,  and  made  ufe  of  cvpi^y 
argument  to  difperfe  them,  which 
could  be  offered  by  reafon,  or  urged 
by  humanity. Unhappily,  how- 
ever, his  expoftulations,  as  well  as 
thofc  of  the  other  jufticcs,  were  whol- 
ly difregarded — they  preached  to  the 
winds — and  were  reduced  to -the  difa- 
greeable  neceffity  of  reading  the  pro- 
clamation: But  though  the  confe- 
quences  were  fully  explained  to  the 
inconfiderate  rioters,  thougii  they  were 
informed  that  all,  who  remained  an 
hour  after  the  proclamation  was  read, 
would  be  guilty  of  felony,  without  be- 
nefit of  the  clergy,  they  were  as  in 
fcnfible  to  threats  as  to  exhortations, 
and  not  only  hiflfed,  hooted,  and  re- 
viled the  foldiers,  who  endeavoured  to 
(catter  them,  but  a6kually  threw  (lones 

art  the  magiftrates. ^ They  were 

then  told,  that  the  Guards  would  cer- 
tainly be  ordered  to  fire,  unlefs  they 
defirted  from  fuch  wanton,  fuch  fcan- 
dalous  outrages  $  but  this  information 
had  no  effcft  wftatfocvcr  j  and  Mr. 
Gillam,  immediately  after,  receivinea 
violent  blow  from  a  (lone,  the  order 
for  their  firing  was  accordingly  given, 
in  which  the  unfortunate  Redburn 
loft  his  life.  Such  was  the  general  fub- 
ftance  of  the  evidence  given  againft 
Mr.  Gillam;  though  one  or  two  of 
the  witnelTes  put  the  moft  unfavoura- 
ble conftrudion  on  his  condu6V|  and 
declared,  that,  to  the  bcft  of  their 
Judgments,  there  was  no  abfolute  nc- 
ccflity  for  firing. 

Ai  Mr.  Gillam  neither  called  a  fin- 
gle  witnefs  in  his  favour,  nor  made 
the  minutcft  defence,  either  by  himfclf 
or  his  council,  the  moment  the  evi- 
dence for  the  profecution  was  clofed, 
the  Hon.  Mr.  Juftice  Gould  flood  up, 
and  declared,  that  he  thought  Mr. 
Gillam  perfectly  juftifiable  in  the  whole 
of  his  proceedings  ;  his  lordfhip  quot- 
ed feveral  eftablifhed  authorities,  w4iich 
proved,  beyond  a  doubt,  that  a  ma- 
giftrate,  when  there  is  any  occaiion 
to  fupport  the  laws,  has  a  right  to  de- 
mand affiftance  from  all  his  majcfty's 


i^i 


fubjefV*  who  are  capable  of  bearing 
arms  {    that  he  is  empoweced  to  arm 
them  with  fu(^h  weapons  as  are  moft 
likely  to  quifll  any  riot,  and  that  coit- 
fequenlly  if  he  has  a    right   to  give 
them  arms,  he  has  a  right  to  dire^ 
the  ufe  of  thefe  arms,  as  he  judges  re- 
quifite  for  the  prefervation  of  the  peace. 
His  lordfhip  moreover  ob/erved,    that 
a  ma^iftrate  upon   proper  application 
to  him,  was  obliged  to  take  every  pofli- 
ble  method  to  fupprefs  riots,   which 
ai-e,  of  all  other  things,  the  moft  dif- 
graceful  as,  well  as  the  moft  dangerous 
infra6lions  of  the  laws  of  the  commu- 
nity :  Unlefs  the  peace  was  prefcrved, 
he  judicioufly  added,   that  we  had  no 
fecurity  for  our  property,    our  lives 
or  what  was  ftill   more  valuable,  our 
liberty ;  and  therefore  as  the  magiftrate 
was  obliged  to  ftand  forth  in  times  of 
neccfliiy,  for  the  fupport  of  the  laws, 
the  laws  had  exprefsly  declared,   that 
he  fiiould  be  indemnified  for  any  pef- 
fonal  injuries,  which,  in  the  execution 
of  his    duty,    (hould   happen  to    the 
difturbers  of  the  public  tranquility.— 
To   this  purporti   but  in  arguments 
the  moft  forcible,    and   in    language 
the  moft  corrcft.  Sir  Henry  Gould  dt- 
livered  his  opinion— and  was  immedi- 
ately fc'conded  by  that  great  ornament 
of  his  profeJfion,    the  Lord  Chief  Ba- 
ron Parker. 

The  Lord  Chief  Baron,   befides  ex- 
prelfing  the  warmeft  approbation   of 
the  arguments  made  ufe  of  by  the  very 
learned  judge  who  fpoke  before  him, 
faid,    that  he  was  old  enough  to  re- 
member  the  occafion  on  which   the 
riot  adl  was   made,    in  the  reign  of 
George  the  firftj  and  knew  that  it  was 
drawn  up  by  two  lawyers,  perhaps  as 
able  as  any  that  ever  appeared  in  this 
country.     He  remarked,    that  if  any 
mob  continued  ^together  an  hour  after 
it   was    read,    they  had   nobody   but 
themfelves  to  blame  for   difagreeable 
confequences;    and  added,    that  if  in 
cafes  of  this  nature,    where  the  laws 
were    refifted,     an    innocent     per(bn 
(kould  even  fuft'er,    it  was  to   be  la- 
mented as  a  misfortune,  and  not  im- 
puted  to  the  magiftrate  as  a  crime. 
To  (hew  the  propriety  of  this  reafon- 
ing,  his  lorddiip  was  pleafeJ  to  put  the 
following  cafes  :  Suppofe,  obferved  he, 
that  a  man  (hould  fire  at  a  perfon  to 
whom  he  bore  fome  implacable  hatred, 
and  miifing  his  pcrfoii,  the  ball  ftiould 
Z  z  i  kill 


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Letter  to  the  Author  ef  An  Appeal,  (^c. 


JuV 


kill  one,  againft  whom  he  did  not  en- 
tertain tlie  leall  refentment :  In  this 
cafe,  remarked  his  lordihip,  the  very 
accident  would  be  murder,  bccaufc 
he  a<5>ed  with  a  mifchicvous  intention. 
But  fuppofe,  continued  he,  that  a 
man,  attacked  by  a  highwayman  on 
the  road>  (hould  driw  a  piftol  to  de- 
-fend  himfclf,  and  in  firing  at  the  rob- 
ber ihould  kill  an  innocent  man,  the 
ji£l  would  neither  be  murder  nor  man- 
ilaughter  ;  it  would  only  be  a  mifad- 
▼enture,  pitiable  as  an  unhappinefs, 
but  not  punifhable  as  a  crime. 

After  the  L.  C.  Baron,  Sir  Richard 
Afton,  fo  eminent  for  his  abilities, 
and  fo  diftinguifhed  {For  his  humanity, 
delivered  his  fentiments  :  He  agreed, 
he  faid,  entirely  with  the  two  learned 
judges  who  had  fpokcn,*  and  gave  feve- 
ral  inlbnces  where,  from  a  want  of 
attention  to  fupprefs  riots  in  their 
comniencement,  the  conftitution  of 
this  country  was  in  danger  of  being  to- 
tally fabvertcd.— Particularly  in  Rich- 
ard II's  time  by  Wat  Tyler,  where 
though  the  matter  of  difpuie  was  ori- 
ginally no  more  than  the  payment  of 
a  groat,  the  ifTae  threatened  inevitable 
ruin  to  the  kingdom.  His  lordfhip 
obfervcd,  that  if  the  afTembly  in  St. 
George's  Fields  was  not  a  riotous  one, 
h<  knew  not  by  what  name  to  call  it. 
—The  populace  there,  had  attacked 
one  of  our  principal  prifons,  continu- 
ed their  unlawful  aiTembly,  after  the 
time  limited  by  the  riot  a6t,  and  not 
only  infulted,  but  threfcr  Stones  at  the 
niagiftrates,  who  Were  attempting  to 
difpcrfc  them. — As  to  the  introduc- 
tion of  the  military,  in  preference 
to  the  Pclle  Comitatus,  he  took  no- 
lice  that  the  juiHces  Were  no  way  re- 
prehenfihle.— — The  law  made  no  dif- 
ference between  a  red  coat  and  white 
one  ;  foldiers  were  no  more  exempted 
hy  their  military  charader  from  afliil- 
ing  the  iijagiftrate  in  quelling  riots, 
than  any  other  members  of  the  com- 
munity.——The  law  obliged  all  his 
majefty's  fubjeds  indifcnminately  to 
a0ili  upon  thcfe  occaiions  ;  and,  con- 
jfequcntly,  as  there  was  a  neccdity  for 
ioinc  adiitance,  none  could  be  more 
proper  than  the  militar)',  who  arc  al- 
ways in  readinefs,  more  eafily  c6llci>- 
ed,  more  fuoje^l  to  command,  and 
more  capable  of  defence,  than  any 
Cthf-r  part>j  or  the  people. 

Upon  the  M^hole,  his  lordfhip  was  of 


opinion,  that  Mr.  Gillam  had  not  only 
behaved  juftifiably  but  meritorioufly— 
he  faw  that  he  took  all  the  pains  of 
a  good  man  to  fupprcfs  the  riot 
without  proceeding  fo  rigour;  but  he 
alfo  faw,  tjiat  when  no  entreaties  could 
prevail  upon  the  mob  to  difpcrfe,  Mr. 
'  Gillam  then  proceeded  like  a  good 
fohJeC'V,  to  confult  the  welfare  of  the  ^ 
public— This  he  was  obliged  to  do, 
and  was  punifhahle  if  he  did  not  do 
it  J  and  Sir  RichaM  Afton  concluded, 
bv  exprcfling  his  concern,  that  a  ma- 
giftrate  like  Mr.  Gillam,  (hould  be 
brought  to  the  bar  of  juftice  as  a  cri- 
minai,  for  a  condu'6l  which  entitled 
him  to  the  univcrlal  approbation  of       ^ 

his  country. The  recorder  fpoke 

Isft,    and  agreed  in  every  thing  with 

the  jucfges but   politely  obfervcd, 

that  there  was  no  occafion  for  him  to 
fay  much  upon  a  fubjeft  which  had 
been  fo  very  ably  difcufled  by  their 
lordfliips.  The  jury,  upon  hearing 
thefe  opinions,  without  going  out  of  • 
court,  or  heHtating  a  moitient,  pro- 
nounced Mr.  Gillam  not  guilty ^  and  a 
copy  of  his  indi6^ment,  upon  the  mo- 
tion of  the  attorney  general,  was  grant- 
ed to  him,  after  fome  very  ingenious 
arguments  between  Sir  Fletcher  Nor- 
ton, the  Attorney  and  Solicitor  Gene- 
ral, on  the  part  o(  Mr.  Gillam  i  and  i 
Mr.  Serjeant  Glynn,  and  Mr.  Lucas 
againft  granting  the  copy,  on  the  part 
of  the  profecution. 

The  court  was  uncommonly  full  up- 
on this  occafion  ;  Mr.  Gillam  bowed  • 
with  great  refpeft  to  the  Bench,  and 
the  jury,  on  his  entrance  and  on  his 
acquittal.  He  was  dreflcd  in  a  fuit  of 
black  full  trimmed,  and  wore  a  tye- 
wig  ;  a  chair  was  ordered  for  him 
clofe  to  the  council,  but  he  fainted 
once  through  the  exceflive  heat  of  the 
place,  as  the  crowd  prcffed  very  much 
about  him,  from  motives  of  curiofity. 
I  mention  thcfe  little  circumftances  be- 
caufe  the  moft  trifling* particulars  of  a 
gentleman  in  fuch  a  utuation,  are  mi- 
nutely fought  after  by  the  public, 
And 

A  Lo^er  of  Liberty ^  ^but  a 
friend  to  the  Lazvs, 


I 


to  the  Author  of  An  Appeal,  (fc, 
SIR, 

N  the  London  Magazine  for  April 
laft,    you    are  pleafed   to  fay  that 
T.  I.  appears  to  hold  a  peculiar  nation 

of 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 768.  Letter  to  the  Author 

of  the  trinity,  which  you  ncvei"  met 
with  in  any  modern  writer,  viz.  that 
the  trinity  means  no  more  than  three 
diftinfl  attributes  of  the  deiry,  infinite 
goodncfs,  wifdom,  and  power:  That 
you  gave  a  particular  and  diilindV,  an- 
fwer  to  his  notion,  and  pointed  out 
the  abfurdity  of  it,  and  likewifc  its 
being  condemned  by  Unitarian  and 
Athanafian  writers." 

You  was.  Sir,  particularly  fortunate 
in  finding  Unitarian  and  Athanafian 
writers  condemning  a  notion  of  whofe 
exiitence  they  had  no  knowledge,  which 
mult  neceflarily  be  the  cafe  if  this  no- 
tion be,  as  you  fay,  peculiar  to  T.  I. 
ill-fated  notion,  to  be  condemned  be- 
fore it  was  found  guihy,  nay,  before 
it  was  known  to  exift.  Your  aflertion 
is  altogether  incredible  j  I  could  as 
foon  believe  you,  if  you  was  to  tell 
me  of  a  man  who  was  executed  for  fe- 
lony before  he  was  born. 

We  will  now  enquire  if  you  fpeak 
truth  when  you  fay  this  is  a  peculiarno- 
tion  ofT.L 

In  p.  ro3  of  a  volume  entitled, 
Chnftian  liberty  affertedy  and  the  doQrine 
of  the  trinity  ^vimlicatcd  againft  a  book 
nvritten  by  Dr,  JVaterland,  may  be 
foupd  the  follow! njr  paragraph. 

"  Mat.  19,  V.  17.  Why  calUft  thou  mi 
good  ?  There  is  none  good  but  one^  that  is 
God,  This  text  was  underftood  by  all 
the  antients  as  fpoken  of  God  the  Fa- 
ther, the  original,  fupreme,  underived 
good  i  the  Son  being  the  image,  as  of 
the  perfow,  fo  of  the  goodnefs  of  God 
the  Father.** 

According  to  this  writer,  who  I  am 
told  was  the  famous  Mr.  Jackfon,  all 
the  antients  held  original,  fupreme, 
underived  goodnefs  to  be  God  the  Fa- 
ther. Confequently  all  the  antients 
held  Goodnefs  to  be  a  perfon,  provid- 
ed they  held  the  Father  to  be  a  perfon. 
But  I  cannot  agree  with  Mr.  Jackfon 
that  the  antients  held  goodnefs,  mere 
goodnefs,  to  be  God  the  Father  :  This 
would  be  denying  the  Fiather  to  be 

•  /  <wou!d  not  be  under/food  to  affirm  that  Mr,  Jackfon  in  the  abo*ve  pajfages  tn- 
tended  to  fpeak  the  exa5t  language  of  the  Trfnitarjans.  According  to  Mr,  Jackfon, 
the  Father  is  Goodnefs,  the  Son  is  Wifdom,  According  to  Mr,  Jackfon^  Goodnefs  is  a 
perfon^  Wifdom  is  a  perfon,  Thus  far  the  Trinitarians  and  Mr.  Jackfon  agree. 
But  Mr,  Jackfon  proceeds,  and  fays  the  Father,  ^or  Goodnefs  is  aluperior  God,  the 
Son,  or  Wifdom  is  an  inferior  God,  Here  Mr,  Jackfon  and  the  Trinitarians  differ. 
According  to  the  Trinitarians,  th^re  is  hut  one  God,  luhich  one  God  is  both  good  and 
fvife.  The  Father  is  the  goodnefs,  tbi  Son,  or  eternal  emanation  from  the  Father,  is 
the  ivifJcm  qf  God» 

The 


^Z*  An  Appeal,  £5?r.  355 

wife  and  powerful.  Doubtlefs  God  the 
Father  is  infinitely  wife  and  powerful j 
but  infinite  ^loodnefs  is  not  infinitely 
wife  without  infinite  wifdom,  nor  om- 
nipotent without  infinite  power.  Infi- 
nite goodnefs  is  a  divi/ie  perfon,  and 
the  greateft  perfon  of  the  three,  but  no 
one  perfon  is  God  exclufive  of  the  other 
two. 

The  fame  Mr.  Jackfon  in  p.  126  de^ 
dares  it  to  have  bsen  the  opinion  of  the 
antients,  that  Chrifl  {the  Logos)  is  the 
Son  of  God,  and  that  the  Son  of  God,  is 
the  ivifdom  of  God, 

It  is  from  hence  apparent  that  the 
antients  held  Wildom  to  be  a  perfon, 
unlefs  they  denied  the  Son  to  be  a 
perfon.  It  appears,  like  wife  from  hence 
that  they  did  not  by  the  word  pcrfoa 
me^n  an  intelligent  agent,  Wifdom 
is,  indeed,  intelligent,  but  power  is 
the  agent :  Wifdom  knows,  power  afts. 

It  is,  by  this  time,  evident  that  the* 
notion  you  oppofe  is  not pecuHar  toT .»l, 
except  the  reafon  he  gives  why  a  di- 
vine hypoftafis  is  called  m^runw 
a  perfon  ;  ,  which  reafon  you  have  his 
permifiion  to  reje6l,  if  you  diflike  it>  or 
can  find  a  better. 

But  you  ha^e  never  met  miith  this  na- 
tion in  a  modern  'ujriter. 

This  may  be  j  it  has  neverthelefs 
been  entertained  by  many  moderns. 
It  was  entertained  by  the  Modern  Mr. 
Jackfon,  unlefs  we  fuppofe  him  to 
to  have  quoted  authorities  againft  Dr. 
Waterland  which  in  his  own  opinion 
had  no  weight.  But  then,  perhaps, 
you  will  fay,  Mr.  Jackfon  was  incon* 
fiftent,  with  himfelf:  I  grant  it 5  but 
how  can  you  or  I  help  that :  he  was  an 
Arian  *. 

Dr.  Cudworlh  entertained  the  fame 
notion  of  the  trinity  and  declares  it  to 
have  been  the  chriftian  do£Vrine  :  And 
for  the  truth  pf  what  I  aflert  I  appeal 
to  his  Intelledtual  fyftem.  Candour 
obligeth  me  to  own  that  'in  one  place 
the  Dr.  fecms  to  fpeak  with  fome  doubt  j 
but  in  other  places  he  is  Mcry  pofitive. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Z6S 


The  Rival  Frizeurs. 


The  mod  excellent  Biftiop  Berkeley 
entertained  the  fame  notion  of  the  tri- 
nity, and  alfo  declares  it  to  be  the 
chrillian  do6lnne  of  th^  trinity.  And 
for  the  truth  of  thefc  affertions  I  appeal 
to  his  Siris.      * 

But,  fay  you,  if  the  attributes  Good- 
rtel's,  Wildom,  and  Power  be  perfons, 
God  is  not  three  perfons  only,  but 
tlircc  times  three  or  more.  God  is  in- 
iinittly  merciful,  infinitely  juft,  omni- 
prefent,  &c. 

I  anfwer,  the  divine  nature  being 
immutable,  it  now  is  what  it  always 
was  :  God  always  was  infinitely  good, 
Tvifc,  and  powerful  $  but  if  by  merciful 
be  meant  any  thing  diftin(5l  from  thefe, 
mercy  feems  to  have  a  relative  exillence, 
and  coj.feqiiently  like  other  relations 
cannot  be  wirhout  its  correlate.  God, 
for  inilance,  had  not  mercy  before 
there  exilted  beings  on  whom  he  could 
•  have  mercy.  Neither  was  God  juft  be- 
fore there  exifted  objects  to  whom  he 
could  be  juft.  Ur.lefs  by  juftice,  be 
meant  that  which  pondercth,  diftin- 
guiflieth,  judgeth;  viV\c\\  bath  iveigbcd 
the  mountains  in  fcaUsy  anii  the  bills  in  a 
balance  :  In  which  cafe  juftice  and  wif- 
dom  feem  to  be  the  fame.  Nor  was 
God  omnipiefent  before  any  thing  was 
made. 

You  boaft  of  a  formidable  army  of 
texts,  which,  you  fay,  entirely  o^ertbro<w 
the  AtbanafiaH  doSlriney  and  ivbicb  no 
fuan  has  yet  'ventured  to  oppofe  in  the  Lon- 
don Magazine. 

It  would,  indeed,  be  bold  in  any 
man  to  oppofe  texts  before  he  knows 
the  preciie  point  they  are  brought  to 
prove.  Praj*,  Sir,  arc  ihefe  texts 
brought  to  prove  that  the  Godhead  doth 
not  coniift  of  three  diftin6l  intelligent 
agents  ?  Or,  are  they  brought  to  prove 
that  the  wildom  of  God  is  not  eternal, 
and  confequently,  that  God  was  not 
always  wife  ?  Or  are  they  brought  to 
prove  that  God  is  wife  without  his 
wi'dom  ?  I  Ihould  be  glad  to  fee  a  can- 
did anlwcr  to  thefe  queries  ;  but  I  af- 
moft  defpair  of  this  plcafurc,  having 
a  ftrong  fufpicion  that  this  difputc 
grows  very  irkfome  to  you. 

I  will  now  dare  to  congratulate 
the  publick  on  a  period  being  put  to 
the  Trinitarian  controverfy.  If  the 
Arians  do  not  perceive  thcmfelves  in 
an  error,  it  ought  furcly  to  be  imputed 
to  the  infenfibihty  and  impenetrability 
of  their  heads. 


July 

"    '  Nee  iertia  cujpis  apertum 

Ei  fe   prtrhentem    njaluit    defiringen 
cygnum. 

Your,  &c, 
July  8.  A.  B. 

To   tbt    PRINTER,    6fr. 
S  I  R, 

HAVING  fecn  fome  pretty  live- 
ly remarks,  on  the  prefcnt 
farhionable  way  of  dreiTing  ladict 
heads,  I  take  the  liberty  to  lend 
you  fome  advertifments  which  appear- 
ed in  the  Dublin  Univerfal  Advertifei', 
about  twelve  years  ?i^o,  Signior  Flo- 
rentini  and  Mr.  St.  Laurent  were  the 
two  rival  frizeurs,  and  had  practiced 
fome  years  with  pretty  equal  fucccfs 
and  reputation.  The  Frenchman, 
however,  by  his  talent  at  agreeable  fa- 
tire,  with  which  he  entertained  every 
lady  under  his  hands,  at  the  expence 
of  her  abfcnt  acquaint.-mce,  during 
the  time  of  his  operation,  "  had  mani- 
feflly  gained  a  great  afcendanc  over 
the  Italian.  This  induced  Florentini 
to  make  a  bold  effort  /o  raife  his  o>vn 
reputation,  and  ruin  his  rival,  whofe 
great  character  he  envied,  and  whom 
he  wiftied  to  be  undone. 

Adiertifement  I. 

"  Signior  Florentini,  having  taken 
into  confideration  the  many  inconve- 
niencies  which  attend  the  method  of 
hair-drefling,  formerly  ufed  by  him  (elf 
and  ftill  praitifed  by  Mr.  St.  Laurent, 
humbly  propofes  to  the  ladies  of  qua- 
lity in  this  metropolis  his  new  method 
of  JluccQiving  the  head  in  the  moft 
fafhionable  tafte,  to  laft,  with  very  lit- 
tle repair,  during  the  whole  feflion  of 
parliament.  Price  only  five  guineas. 
Florentini. 

N.  B.  He  takes  but  one  hour  to 
build  up  the  head,  and  two  for  baking 
it." 

Anfuoer  hy  St.  Laurent. 

**  Whereas  dcre  have  appear  vonc 
fcandaleufe  avertifment  of  Signior  Flo- 
rentini, moch  refle^inon  Mr.  St.  Lau- 
rent's capacitc  for  hair-drefling  j  he 
defy  faid  Signior  Florentini  to  tell  any 
inconvenience  dat  do  attend  his  me- 
thode,  odervife  he  (hall  confider  faid 
Florentini  as  Aon// y/ir  and  calumniateur. 
St.  Laurent.'' 

Florentini,  who  was  not  fo  good  at 
Englifh  as  the  other,  replied  by  his  in- 
terpreter s 

**  Whereas 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1-63.  '    A  Caveat  to 

**  Whereas  Mr.  St.  Laurent  has 
challenged  Signior  Florentint  to  pro* 
duce  an  inftance  where  his  (St.  Lau* 
rent's)  method  of  hair-drefling  is  in- 
convenient to  the  ladies ;  he  begs  to 
ohferve,  that  three  rows  of  iron  pins, 
thruft  into  the  ikull,  will  not  fail  to 
caufe  a  conftant  itchin?,  a  fenfation 
that  much  diftorts  the  features  of  the 
face,  and  difables  it  (oy  that  a  lady,  by 
degrees,  may  lofe  the  ufe  of  her  face  j 
beudes,  the  immenfe  quantity  of  po- 
matum and  powder,  laid  on  for  a  gen- 
teel drefling,  will,  after  a  week  or  two, 
breed  miteSf  a  circumftance  very  difa- 
greeablc  to  e;entlemen  who  do  not  love 
cheefe,  and  alfo  does  afford  a  foetid 
ftnell  not  to  be  endured  ;  From  which, 
and  other  objedtions  too  tedious  to 
mention,  Signior  Florentini  apprehends 
his  new  method  is  entirely  free,  and 
will  admit  of  no  reafonable  exception 
whatever. 

Florentini.'\ 
St.  Laurent  replies ; 

"  Hah  !  hah «  hah  !  Dcre  is  no  ob- 
jeibon  den  to  Signior  Florentini^s  vay 
of  frizing  de  hair  of  fine  ladie  ?  I  (hall 
tell  him  von,  two,  three:  In  de  forft 
place,  he  no  confider,  dat  his  fiucco^un 
vill  be  crack,  and  be  break  by  de  fre- 
quent jolts  to  vich  all  ladies  are  fo  fob- 
ie<5V,  and  dat  two  hour  baking  vil  fpoil 
de  complekfhon,  and  hort  de  eyes. 
And  as  to  his  Icandaleufe  afperihon, 
dat  my  method  breed  a  de  mite^  fo 
cdious  to  gentleman  who  do  not  love 
de  cheefe,  I  fay  ^tis  falfc  and  malitieufej 
and  to  make  good  vat  I  fay,  I  do  en- 
vire  all  gentlemen  of  qualitie  to  exa- 
mine de  head  of  de  countefsof , 

(vich  I  had  de  honor  to  drefs  four 
week  ago)  next  Monday  at  twelve 
o'clock,  through  Monfieur  Clofejnt's 
great  mikrofcope,  and  fee  if  dere  be 
any  mite  dere,  or  odcr  thing  like  de 
mite  vateeer. 

N.  B.  Any  gentleman  may  Gnell  her 
ladyihip's  hcdc  fen  he  pleafe." 

The  controverfy  ended  in  a  duel  j 
but  no  hurt,  as  the  combatants  be- 
haved like  Flafh  and  Fribble;  but 
whatever  was  the  caufe,  it  is  certain 
the  monllrous  fa(hion  foon  ceafed  ;  and 
in  a  few  months  the  ladits  heads  reco- 
vered their  natural  proportion,  and 
became  a  piece  of  thcmfclves. 

I  am.  Sir,  )oui'«#  &c. 


the  Ladies'. 


3^7 


The  foUoiving  is  banded  about  as  the 
Speech  made  by  a  certain  Great  Law- 
yer in  a  Court  of  'Judicature^  at  the 
^ime  of  the  Re-uerjal  of  an  Outlawry. 

I  Have  now  gone  through  the  feveral 
errors  afiigned  by  the  defendant, 
and  which  have  been  ingenioufly  ar- 
gued, and  confidently  relied  on,  by 
his  counfel  at  the  bar:  I  have  given 
my  fentiments  upon  them,  and  if  upon 
the  whole,  after  the  clofell  attention 
to  what  has  been  faid,  and  with  the 
ftrongefl  inclination  in  favour  of  the 
defendant,  no  arguments  which  have 
been  urged,  no  cafes  which  have  been 
cited,  no  reafons  that  occur  to  me, 
are  fufiicient  to  fatisfy  me  in  my  con- 
fcience  and  judgment,  that  this  out- 
lawry (hould  be  revcifed,  I  am  bound  to 
affirm  it— and  herelet  roe  makeapaufe. 
Many  arguments  have  been  fuggeft- 
ed,  both  in  and  out  of  court,  upon 
the  confequences  of  eftablifhing  this 
outlawry,  either  as  th^y  may  affed  the 
defendant  as  an  individual,  or  the  pub- 
lic in  general :  As  to  the  firft,  what- 
ever they  may  be,  the  defendant  has 
brought  them  upon  himfclf  j  they  are 
inevitable  confequences  of  law  arifing 
from  his  own  ad ;  if  the  penalty,  to 
which  he  is  thereby  fubjedted,  is  more 
than  a  puniftiment  adequate  to  the 
crime  he  has  committed,  he  (hould 
not  have  brought  himfcUinto  this  un- 
fortunate predicament,  by  flying  from 
the  juftice  of  his  country,  he  thought 
proper  to  do  fo,  and  he  raiift  tafte  the 
fruits  of  his  own  condu6l,  however 
bitter  and  unpalatable  they  may  be; 
and  although  we  may  be  heartily 
forry  for  any  perfon  who  has  brought 
himfeif  into  this  fituation,  it  is  not  in 
our  power,  God  forbid  it  (liouUi  ever 
be  in  our  power,  to  deliver  him  from  it ; 
we  can't  prevent  the  judgment  of  the 
law,  by  creating  irregularity  in  the 
proceedings  ;  We  can't  prevent  the  con- 
fequencesof  that  judgment  by  pardoning 
the  crime;  if  the  defendant  has  any  pre- 
tenfions  to  mercy,  thofe  prctenfions 
mull  be  urged,  and  that  power  exercifed 
in  another  place,  where  the  conllitutvon 
has  wifely  and  necefTarily  velM  it : 
The  crown  will  judge  for  irirlf  ;  ir 
docs  not  belong  to  us  to  interfere 
with  punilhment,  we  have  only  to  de- 
clare the  law;  none  of  us  bad  any 
concern  in  the  profciLurion  of  this  bu- 
fifjcf©,  nor  any  wifliss  upon  the  event 

of 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3^8 


Speech  of  a  Great  Lawyer^ 


of  it  J  it  was  npf  our  fault  that  the  de- 
fendant was  profecuted  for  the  libels 
upon  which  he  has  been  convi^ed  ;  I 
took  no  (hare  in  another  place,  in  the 
ineafures  which  were  taken  to  profe- 
cute  him  for  one  of  them  ;  it  was  n6t 
our  fault  that  he  was  convidVcd  j  it  was 
not  our  fault  that  he  fled ;  it  was  not 
our  fault  that  he  was  ocitlawed  ;  it  was 
not  our  fault  that  he  rendered  him- 
ielf  up  to  juftice  j  none  of  us  revived 
the  profecution  againft  him,  nor  could 
any  one  of  us  Hop  that  profecution 
when  it  was  revived  ;  it  is  not  our 
fault  if  there  arc  not  any  errors  upon 
the  record,  nor  is  it  in  our  power  to 
create  any  if  there  are  none  ;  we  are 
bound  by  our  oath  and  in  our  confci* 
ences,  to  give  fuch  a  judgment  as  the 
law  will  warrant,  and  as  our  rcafon 
can  prove ;  fuch  a  judgment  as  we 
muft  ftand  or  fail  by,  in  the  opinion 
of  the  prefcnt  times,  and  of  pofteriiy; 
in  doing  it,  therefore,  we  muft  have 
regard  to  our  reputation  as  honeft 
men,  and  men  of  fkill  and  knowledge 
competent  to  the  ftations  we  hold  ; 
no  confiderations  whatfocver  fhould 
miflead  us  from  this  great  objeft,  to 
which  we  ever  ought,  and  as  I  truft 
ever  (hall  direft  our  attention.  But 
confequences  of  a  public  nature,  rea- 
fons  offtate,  political  ones,  have  been 
ftrongly  urged,  (private  anonymous 
letters  fent  to  rac  I  (hall  pafs  over) 
open  avowed  publications  which  have 
been  judicially  noticed,  and  may  there- 
fore be  mentioned,  have  endeavoured 
to  influence  or  intimidate  the  court, 
and  fo  prevail  upon  ut  to  trifle  and 
prevaricate  with  God,  our  confci- 
cnces,  and  the  public:  It  has  been  in- 
timated that  confequences  of  a  fright- 
ful nature  will  flow  from  the  efta- 
blifhment  of  this  outlawry ;  it  is  (aid 
the  people  expe^b  the  reverfal,  that 
the  temper  of  the  times  demand  it ; 
that  the  multitude  will  have  it  fo, 
that  the  continuation  of  the  outlawry 
in  full  force  will  not  be  endured,  that 
the  e;cecution  of  the  law  upon  the  de- 
fendant will  be  reftftcd ;  thefe  are  ar- 
guments which  will  not  weigh  a  fea- 
ther with  me.  If  infurre£lion  and  re- 
bellion are  to  follow  our  determina- 
tion, wo  have  not  to  anfwer  for  the 
con/equences,  though  we  (hould  be 
the  innocent  caufe---we  can  only  fay, 
Fiat  jujiiiia  ruat  cntlum ;  we  (Kail  dif- 
charge  our^uty  without  expe^ations 
5  . 


July 


of  approbation,  or  the  apprehendoiis 
of  cenfure  ;  if  we  ire  fuhjVii^ed  to  the 
latter  unjuftly,  we  muft  fubmit  to  it  5 
we  cannot  prevent  it  j  we  will  tak^e 
care  not  to  defer vc  it.  He  muft  be 
a  weak  man  indeed  who  can  be  Hag- 
gered  by  fuch  aconfideration. 

The  mifapprehenfion,  or  the  mifre- 
prefentation  of  the  ignorant  or  the 
yi\QV^tA,-\Yit  mendax  tnjamia^  which  it 
the  confcquence  of  both,  are  equally 
indifiTerent  to,  unworthy  the  attention 
of,  and  incapable  of  making  any  im- 
preftion  on  men  of  firmnefs  and  intre- 
pidity.---Thofe  who  imagine  judges 
are  capable  of  being  influenced  by 
fuch  unworthy,  indire(5l  njeans,  moft 
grofsly  deceive  themfelves^  and  for 
my  own  part,  I  truft  that  my  temper, 
and  the  colour  and  condu(5V  of  my  life, 
have  cloathcd  me  with  a  luit  of  armour 
to  fliicld  me  from  fuch  arrows.  If  I 
have  ever  fupported  the  king's  mea* 
fures  j  if  I  hav^e  ever  afForded  any  af- 
fiftance  to  government  5  if  I  have  dif- 
charged  my  duty  as  a  public  or  private 
chara6ler,  by  endcavouring.to  prefcrve 
pure  and  pcrfc6l  the  principles  of  the 
conftitution,  maintaining  unfuUied  the 
honour  of  the  courts  of  ju(tice,  and, 
by  an  upright  adminiftration  of,  to 
give  a  due  cf^t^  to,  the  laws,  I  have 
hitherto  done  it  without  any  other  gift 
or  reward  than  that  moft  pleafing  and 
moft  honourable  one,  the  confcientious 
con  virion  of  doing  what  was  <iight. 
I  do  not  afteft  to  (corn  the  opinion  of 
mankind  ;  I  wifli  earneftly  for  popu- 
larity ;  I  will  feek  and  -will  have  po- 
pularity ;  but  I  will  tell  you  how  I  will 
obtain  it ;  I  will  have  that  popularity 
which  follows,  and  not  that  which  is 
run  after.  'Tis  not  the  applaufc  of  a 
day,  'tis  not  the  huzzas  of  thoufands, 
that  can  give  'a  moment's  fatisfadion 
to  a  rational  being  ;  that  man's  mind 
muft  indeed  be  a  weak  one,  and  his 
ambition  of  a  moft  depraved  fort, 
who  can  be  captivated  by  fuch  wretch- 
ed allurements,  or  fatisfied  with  fuch 
momentary  gratifications.  I  fay  with 
the  Roman  orator,  and  can  fay  it  with 
as  much  truth  as  he  did,  Ego  hoc  atii- 
mo  femper  fuif  ut  in'vidiatn  *t>irtute  par^ 
tam,  gloriam  non  infamiam^  putarem : 
But  the  threats  have  been  carried  fur- 
ther, pcrfonal  violence  has  been  de- 
nounced, unlefs  public  humour  be  com- 
rlied  with  ;  I  do  not  fear  fuch  threat?  j 
do  not  believe  there  it  any  rcafon  to 

fear 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


iy6$. 

feai*  diem  :  It  is  fltot  the  genius  of  the 
worft  of  men  in  the  worft  of  times  to 
proceed  to  fuch  ihocking  extremities: 
JBut  if  fach  an  event  ihould  happen, 
let  it  be  fo ;  even  fuch  an  event  might 
be  productive  of  wholefome  effeos} 
fuch  a  ftroke  might  roufe  the  better 
part  of  the  nation  from  their  lethargic 
€20ndition  to  a  ftate  of  activity,  to  af- 
fert  and  execute  the  law,  and  punifh 
the  daring  and  impious  hands  which 
had  violated  it ;  and  thofe  who  now 
fupinely  behold  the  danger  which 
threatens  all  liberty,  from  the  mod 
abandoned  licentioufneft,  might,  by 
fuch  an  event,  bfie  awakened  to  a  fente 
of  their  (ituation,  as  drunken  men  are 
ofteatimes  ftunned  into  fobriety.  If 
the  fecurity  of  our  perfons  and  our 
property>  of  all  we  hold  deaf  and  va-. 
luable,  are  to  depend  upon  the  caprice 
of  a  giddy  multitude,  or  to  be  at 
the  difpofal  of  a  giddy  mob ;  if,  in 
compliance  with  the  hurpours,  and  to 
a^ipeale  the  clamours  of  thofe,  all  ci- 
vil and  political  inftitutions  are  to  be 
difregarded  or  overthrown,  a  life 
iomewhat  more  than  fixty  is  not  worth 
preferving  at  fuch  a  price,  and  he  can 
never  die  too  foon,  who  lays  down 
his  life  in  fupport  and  vindication  of 
the  policy,  the  government  and  the 
conftitution  of  his  country. 


To  tbe  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

IHave  ever  read  Andrew  Marvel's 
ReheaHal  tranfprofed  with  infinite 
delight.  The  wit  of  it  was  fo  keen 
and  pure,  and  the  drollery  (o  pleafant, 
that  itpleafed  and  made  all  men  laugh, 
fave  the  church  bigots  that  were  galled 
by  it,  from  the  monarch  on  the  throne 
tp  the  loweft  mechanic.  BiOiop  Bur- 
net tells  ui,  that  the  man  who  was 
the  obfed  of  it,  **  never  forgave 
Charles  II.  preferring  the  incompara- 
ble wit  of  the  Rehearfal  tranfprofed,  the 
beft  fatire  of  our  time,  to  that  of  Mr. 
Bays,'*  the  name  with  which  Marvel 
liad  chriRened  him. 

The  principles  that  run  through  the 
work,  and  with  which  it  is  replete, 
are  thofe  of  pure,  unadulterated  chrif- 
tianity  j  and  the  civil  and  religious  li- 
berties of  mankind,  which  that  holy 
religion  patronizes  in  riicir  utmod  h- 
ticude. 

The  immediate  dcTign  and  motive 
of  the  author  in  writing,    wiS  to   dc- 

July,  1768. 


Defend  of  Andrew  Marvel.  369 

fend  thofe  coitfcienlioili  diiTenterf, 
who  could  not  comply  with  the  z€t  of 
uniformity,  and  approve  the  creeds 
and  worihip  of  the  eftabliflied  church, 
again  (I  one  Samuel  Parker  who  had 
attacked  them  in  the  rudeft  and 
bloodied  fort|  althoueh  the  man  him- 
felf  had  been  bred  a  ftrid  difTenter  un- 
der the  ufurpation,  and  was  fprun? 
from  a  father  who  had  gone  the  moft 
iniquitous  lengthsinthofe  lawlefs  times. 
So  that  what  often  happeneth,  in  him 
was  verified  that  Mahometan  proverb, 
"  one  Renegado  is  worfe  than  t«a 
Turks." 

This  Parker,  at  the  turn  of  the  times,  * 
upon  the  reftor^tion,  after  trying  in 
vain  to  trouble  the  waters  again,  find- 
ing things  too  well  fettled,  and  that  no 
great  matter  was  to  be  gotten  but  by 
deferttng  all  the  princip&s  of  his  edu- 
cation, determined  all  at  once  to 
fell  himfelf  over  to  the  worft  maxima 
of  the  worft  men  of  thofe  times,  gene- 
rally the  moft  lucrative ;  and  for  whom,^ 
his  learning  an^  abilities,  for  he  was' 
not  deftitute  of  a  good  meafure  of  both, 
made  him  a  fit  inftrument.  By  various 
temporizing  arts,  aad  by  entering  in- 
to, without  fcruple,  and  forwarding 
the  aims  of  the  two  Stuart  brothers, 
to  annihilate  the  Engliih  liberties,  and 
bring  in  popery  and  flavery,  thn  man 
rofe,  through,  the  feveral  inferior  gra- 
dations, to  the  honour  of  a  biOiop- 
rick,  and  feat  in  the  upper  houie  of 
parliament. 

We  muft  not  fay,  that  he  was  bur- 
dened with  no  fcruplei.  For  he  had 
the  grace  left,  as  Burnet  tells  us,  to 
write  to  James  ii.  to  try  if  he  could 
bring  him  back  from  giving  headlong 
into  the  fordid  fuperfntion  of  popery 
and  dragging  his  people  after  him, 
but  when  he  fonnd  he  could  not  ftic- 
ceed,  be  went  fairly  over  into  all  his 
meafures,  at  the  end  of  his  days.  And 
had  not  he  died  in  the  nick  of  time, 
and  his  royal  mafter  been  defeated  in 
his  converting  and  dragoooingfcbemes, 
Dr.  Parker,  in  all  likelihood,  would 
have  been  promoted  to  the  fee  of  Can- 
terbury, and  had  paid  for  his  arcbie- 
pifcopal  pnll  at  Rome. 

BifhoD  Burnet,  whom  I  qtiote  i/erbn' 
iim,  inform  us,  that  one  of  Parker's 
maxims  was  j  '*  That  the  people  ought 
to  be  brought  into  an  ignorance  in 
matters  of  religion— Thnt  preaching 
Oiight  to  be  laid  afide,  for  th:»t  a  preach- 
ing church  could  not  l\\n  !.'' 

A  a  a  Ai:o;:ier 


Digitized  by 


GoQgk 


37° 

AnoHter  of  hit  maxims,  which  he 
delivered  ia  anf^^er  to  one  that  afked 
him,  *•  What  vra»  the  beft  body  of  di- 
vinity  ?  Which  was  ;  **  That  which 
dould  help  a  man  to  keep  a  coach  and 
£x  horfes  was  certainly  the  bed. 

So  much  "was  neceHTary  to  be  faid  of 
this  Parker,  bifhop  of  Oxford,  other- 
wife,  deferredly  to  be  forgotten^  to  il- 
ludrate  the  merits  and  this  work  of 
Mr.  MarvePs,  who  happily  fucceeded 
in  putting  this  dangerous  man  to  utter 
confufion  and  filence. 
.^t  will  hardly  be  needful  to  mentioh, 
for  all  khow  it,  that  know  any  thing, 
that  this  excellent  perfon,  Mr.  An- 
drew Marvel,  was  member  of  parlia- 
ment, for  his  native  place,  the  town 
of  Kingfton  upon  Hull ;  that  he  is  the 
laft  inftance  upon  record  of  a  member 
of  that  houfe,  fupported  and  main- 
tained by  his  confticuents,  as  were  an- 
ciently all  members  of  the  commons 
houfe  of  parliament,  and  that,  of  ma- 
tiy  honeft  men,  never  perhaps  fat  in 
that  houfe  one  honeder  man  than  An- 
drew Marvel.  Many  inftances  of  un- 
common virtue  in  trying  times,  of 
great  integrity  in  the  midft  of  no 
great  afflaence  of  outward  circum- 
Itancet,  are  told  from  tradition,  by  his 
friends,  and  feme  recorded  by  our  hif- 
torians.  And  he  was  not  onjy  a  good 
citizen;  but,  if  we  may  judge,  by  his 
life,  and  writings,  (and  what  elfe  have 
we  to  go  by  ?)  he  was  a  real  chrifliau} 
but  of  the  largcft  and  moft  generous 
principles. 

Perfuaded  that  fuch  was  the  deferv- 
ed  character  of  this  truly  noble  Englifh- 
^  man  and  fenator,  I  could  not,  without 
indignation,  read  the  page  of  a  modern 
high-churchman  and  prelate,  who,  in 
a  piece  againft  the  Lord  Bolinbroke's 
philofophy,  ranks  this  excellent  perfon 
with  fome  other  obnoxious  names,  and 
reviles*  him,  in  the  decent  terms,  of 
^vermin  craivling  upim4Beprieft^sfurpUcei 
an  appellation  which  he  could  no 
otherwife  merit,  than  for  vanquifhing, 
fubduing,  and  filencing,  by  fair  truth, 
wit  and  argument,  one  of  the  vlleft 
and  moft  venal  of  the  clerical  order. 
But  it  is  with  peculiar  fatisfa^ion  that 
we  can  oppofe  to  the  opprobtious 
cenfure  of  tiiii  critic,  the  better  judg- 
men:  of  ^anotlier  dignitary  in  the 
church,  theRev.  Mr.  Mafon,  in  whofe 
ode  on  Independency,  written  on  the 
banks  cf  the  H umber,  where  Marvel 


Methods  to  dejlroy  Vermin.  Ju^y 

Vas  bom  i6io,  we  liave  the  fbllcming^ 
fine  and  fpirited  picture  of  this  excel- 
lent  perfon. 

Pomted  with  fatire*s  keeneft  fteel. 

The  fbafts  of  wit  he  darts  around. 
Even  mitred  dulnefs  learns  to  feel. 
And  (brinks  beneath  the  wound. 
In  awful  poverty  bis  honeft  mufe 
Walks  forth  vindi6tivo  thro*  a  venal 
land  : 
In  vain  corruption  fliedi  her  goldeit 
dews. 
In  vain  opprefljon  lifts  her  iron  hand| 
He  fcorns  them  both,  and,  arm*d  with 

truth  alone. 
Bids  luft  and  folly  tremble  on  the  throne. 
Sir,  your  humble  fervant, 

VlNDEX* 


to   ibt  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR,         Leigh,  June  23,  17^8. 

A  Cheap  and  eafy  method  to  catch, 
and  kill,  fleas,  will  doubttefs  be 
acceptable  to  fuch  who  are  much  in- 
fefted  therewith. 

But  how  (hall  we  catch  them  (ir(^,' 
in  order  to  kill  them  mav  be  rationally 
afked,  as  it  requires  a  dexterity  every 
one  is  not  mafter  of. 

As  I  think  it  not  beneath  me  to  di- 
Tt&.  the  poor  not  only  for  their  health, 
but  eafe  alfo,  I  will  tell  them  at  once, 
both  how  to  catch  fleas  by  whole 
(hoals,  and  kill  them  likewife  when 
fo  catcht :  Ft  is  what  I  have  long  ftu- 
died  for  them,  and  am  glad  I  have  dif- 
covered  it  at  laft. 

Only  cover  the  (loon  of  the  rooms 
with  the  leaves  of  the  alder  tree,  while 
the  dew  hangs  on  them:  For  they 
when  budding  contain  a  kind  of  pin-, 
guious,  tenacious  humour,  to  which 
the  fleas  adhering,  as  little  birds  do  to 
bird  lime,  are  furely  detained,  and 
killed  thereby. 

I  recommend  this  neat,  and  excel- 
lent method  of  flea-catching  from  'the 
authority  of  Barbar us  in  his  comment 
on  Vitnivius. 

And  ^ow  my  hand  is  in,  I  will, 
tell  the  poor  how  they  may  fpeedily 
kill  the  other  kind  of  vermin  too, 
and  that  in  a  night  or  two*s  time,  tho* 
ever  fo  numerous :  It  would  be  worth 
trying  it  for  bugs  tikewife.  To  my 
own  knowledge,  the  feeds  of  ftavef- 
acre,  brought  from  hot  countries  ;  fold 
at  the  druggill*8,  fprink'.ed  in  powder 
on  the  body,  or  bed,  will  de/troy  li  e 

on 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Singular  Phenomenon  accounted  for. 


37t 


on  a  fudden,  and  (brink  them  up  like  thofe  nerves,  which  rprini"'  from  th^ 

Srcked  leather:  The  ppwder  is  pre-  right  fide,   terminate    in  Thofe  parts 

-able   to  its  being  mixed  up  with  which  form  the  left  fide,  aitid  n/ice  n/er^ 

greafey    or  ointment,    as  being  both  fa.    So  that  to  me  it  was  no  wonder 


neater,  and  quicker  ifi  t§t6t. 

A  deco6lion  of  the  faid  ftaves-acre 
made  with  water,  about  an  ounce  in  a 
|»nt  and  a  half,  boiled  a  few  minutes, 
will  efFedually  kill  nitu  on  borfes  and 
other  cattle,  by  burfting  thofe  ova,  as 
I  have  fctxxt  and  fo  (bedding  their 
contents,  if  the  parts  be  wa(hed  with 
a  ng,  or  (ponge. 

This  lotidn  can  cure  the  itch  in  men 
alfo,  as  that  diforder  proceeds  only 
from  amimalculx  lyinp;  latent  under 
the  fcarf  (kin.  And  mixed  with  coarfe 
oatmeal,  and  worked  up  into  pellets, 
or  little  balls  with  honey,  will  deftroy 
rats  and  mice,  if  laid  wherCv  they  re- 
fort  i  with  rooks,  crows,  and  other 
larger  vermin,  and  that  fafely  too 
without  injury  to  other  animals,  which 
is  more  than  can  be  faid  of  mod  other 
poifoof.  Yours 

J.  Cook. 

P.  S.  Of  the  curious  anatomy  of 
both  infects  hereafter. 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,         Leigh,  March  28, 1768. 

BEING  lately  applied  to  from  Lon- 
don, uy  fbme  of  the  piofe(rion, 
for  the  folution  of  a  fingular  pheno- 
menon in  anatomy,  I  thought  proper 
to  render  the  fame  public  tor  the  fa- 
tis&^lion  of  feveral  others,  who  might 
equally  like  to  be  let  into  the  fecret. 

A  lad,  Uttly,  by  fallincc  down  the 
hold  of  a  velVel,  fra£^ured  his  (kull,  for 
which  he  was  carried  to  an  hofpital 
and  trepanned. 

What  furprized  them  was,  that  the 
wounded  fide  enjoyed  all  its  fundtions 
freely,  while  the  contrary  fide,  un- 
hurt^.dire^ly  loft  its  power  of  motion, 
and  turned  paral^tick  from  the  blow. 
His  fingersi  on  the  oppofite  fide,  con- 
tinue contradcd  Aill,  as  likewife  his 
ham,  otherwife  in  health  and  fenfes  he 
is  at  well  as  ever,  akhough.be  has  loft 
the  half  of  his  brains. 

I  returned  for  anfwer,  nothing  was 
plainer  to  me  than  that  it  proceeded 
from  the  dilTtrent  origin  of  the 
nerves  from  the  oppoftte  mie  to  which 
they  terminate,  for  which  end  they 
cro(s  before  they  make  their  exit  thro^ 
.  the  verubral  holes  of  the  fpine, whence 


at  all  that  the  right  fide  of  the  bod/ 
on  which  the  brain  was  wounded  was 
not  affc^^ed  thereby  a»  expeiVed,  but 
the  oppoftte  one,  which  was  fuppUed 
by  nerves,  whofe  origin  was  from 
the  wounded  (ide,  while  that  fide, 
fupplied  by  nerves  proceeding  from  the 
found  (ide,  though  oppofite  thereto, 
po(re(red  its  faculties  as  freely  as  if  no 
wound  at  all  had  happened.  To  apply 
this  remark  to  pra^ice  I  leave  to  the 
fagacity  of  the  praftiiioncr. 

Thus  we  fee  obfervation  and  expe- 
rience are  the  two  fureft  fources  of 
certain  knowledge ;  far  beyond  all 
uncertain  hypothetical  reasonings  a 
prhri,  however  entertaining  and  in- 
ftrudting  fuch  may  be  apofteriori,. 

J.  Cooi^. 

To   the  PRINTER,    fifr . 
H^ouldyou^  my  fair  ones,  tjuin  the  hearts 

rf  men^ 
Cafl  off  your  beads\andbeyourfil'ves  again, 

S  I  R, 

THE  noble  fcience  of  politics, 
though  extremely  ufeful  and  en- 
tertaining, feems,  at  this  cri(is,  to  be 
fomewhat  dangerous.  I  leave  it  there- 
fore, for  the  prefent,  to  be  cultivated 
by  thofe  generous  patriots,  who  chufie 
rather  to  lofe  their  ears,  than  their 
dinner;  and  to  live  well  in  a  prifon, 
than  to  be  ftarved  out  of  it. 

I  (hall  turn  the  readers  thoughts  and 
my  own  to  a  more  agreeable  lubjcft— 
to  a  fubjeft  not  only  agreeable,  but 
even  ravifhing;  and  for  that  reafon 
fometimes  raviflied :  You  eafily  per- 
ceive, I  mean  the  fair  fex. 

I  have  fpent  my  life  in  ftudyin^  and 
admiring  this  delicious  part  ot  the 
creation^  and  till  lately  I  have  been 
amply  rewarded,  by  the  pleafure  I  re- 
ceived from  the  contemplation  of  fo 
much  beauty.  But,  within  thefe  few 
years,  a  cruel  difeafc  has  r6bbed  the 
dear  creatures  of  their  charms,  and  me 
of  the  delight  6f  my  life.  This  dif- 
teroper  is  epidemical :  It  was  imported 
from  France,  like  another  which  (hall 
be  namelefs;  and  appeared  (irft  among 
the  court  ladies  ;  it  then  feizcd  th$.  ci- 
tizens wives  and  daughters,  and  now 
it  begins  to  make  dreadfal  ravages  ia 
the  country.    I  am  afraid,  in  time,  it 

A  a  a  a  will 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


J/-  

will  dcHcend  even  to  oar  cottigcrs^  It 
affedlft  the  head  in  a  ftrange  manner : 
Inlbrauch,  that  from  a  moderate  and 
beautiful  form,  proportioned  to  the 
delicate  body  of  a  fine  lady,  it  fweHt 
all  at  once  to  a  moft  enormous  fize  $ 
and  I  have  known  fome  females,  four 
feet  odd  in  height,  go  into  their  dref* 
iing  rooms  with  heads  not  much  larger 
than  thofe  of  pins,  and  come  out  of 
them  with  Patagonian  pericraninms. 

It  is  to  be  obierved,  that  the  face  in 
this  cafe  is  not  fwolen.  The  tumour 
appears  principally  in^  the  occiput, 
and  is  fo  prodigious   as  to  make  the 

?atient  totter  under  the  weight  of  it, 
t  is  not  attended  with  any  pain  or  in- 
flammation i  but  when  the  difeare  has 
been  of  long  continuance,  it  generally 
produces  a  njioUnt  itching  in  the  head. 

I  do  noi  find  this  diftemper  mention- 
ed by  any  of  the  ancient  phyficians  ; 
and,  inJeed,  it  is  no  wonder  it  is  not, 
fince  it  was  unknown  to  the  Greeks 
and  Romans.  I  do  not  remember, 
that  even  our  EngliOi  phyficians  have 
taken  liotice  of  it,  which  is  adonifh- 
ing,  confidering  how  common  it  is 
among  us.  As  the  college  hath  not 
thought  proper  to  favour  us  with  the 
name  of  this  diftemper,  we  have  been 
obliged  to  adopt  that  which  th'e 
French  give  it,  who  call  it  tete  de  moU' 
ton  [(beep's  head]  becaufe  it  makes 
the  patient  look  like  a  ram.  I  can 
give  no  natural  account  of  the  caufe 
pi  this  diftemper.  Though  by  no 
means  fuperftitious,  I  ath  inclined  to 
impute  it  to  the  power  of  magic,  for 
vhat  elfe  can,  all  of  a  fudden,  turn 
the  beautiful  head  of  a  fine  woman  in- 
to a  j-am's.  head  ? 

I  forgot  to  mention,  that  fometime 
after  the  head  isfwokn  to  a  monftrous 
magnitude,  it  fends  forth  a  foetid 
.  fmcll,  and  generally  breeds  vermin, 
wbiph  J  luppofe,  is  not  very  wonder- 
iful,  the  maggots,  which  were  firft  in 
the  infide  oKthe  head,  afterwards  ap- 
pearing  outwardly. 

|t  may  fuflice  to  have  dlropt  thefe 
few  bints  concemin|p  this  furprizing 
diftemper.  I  leave  it  to  the  gentlemen 
of  the  faculty  thoroughly  to  invefti- 
gate  the  nature  of  it,  and  find  out  its 
pure.  1  am  fgre  I  heartily  wifti  them 
iUcceff  in  their  encpjiries,  principally 
» pn  tjpcount  of  the  fair  virgins  of  this 
}^e  \  for  in  their  pfefent  f  ondition. 


though  they  might  make  very  proper 
miftrcfles  for  Jupiter  •  Ammon,  I  fear 
their  heads  will  hardly  captivate  the 
hearts  of  Englifb  gentlemen. 

I  am,  SIR,  your*8,  &r. 

A.B. 

To  the    PRINTER,  &r. 
SIR,* 

I  Have  been  long  happy  in  havin|r  a 
moft  amiable  woman  for  my  wife, 
and  a  fine  family  of  children  but  ha- 
ving lately  met  with  fomewhat  to  ro^ 
fie  my  tranquillity,  1  will  difclofe  it 
to  you  for  the  benefit  of  the  publick. 

The  only  failure  my  dear  has,  is  that 
of  being  extremely  in  the  faftiion  } 
and  die  will  have  it,  that  I  and  mjr 
children  (hall  be  in  the  fa(hion  too. 

You  muft  know,  fir,  we  have  five 
girls,  and  every  one  of  them  hath  a 
large  tete^  and  the  mother  one  more 
enormous  than  her  daughters.  I  fre- 
quently obje6Ved  to  this  kind  of  dreff, 
but  at  length  thought  it  prudent  to  ac- 
quiefce.  I  dlHiked  it  in  the  children, 
becaufe  it  gave  them  a  bold,  though 
(heepifh  lock,  and  a  head  out  of  aft 
proportion ;  and  I  could  npt  help  fan- 
cying myfclf  pater  gregis^  rather  than 
the  father  of  a  family.  Then,  to  fay 
the  truth,  though  the  air  of  my  Love 
ufed  to  be  fwcet  and  charming  as  the 
breath  of  May;  yet,  fince  (he  hath 
worn  a  tete,  it  hath  not  been  altoge- 
ther fo  agreeable:  And  I  could  not 
help  thinking,  that,  after  (he  had 
planted  horns  on  her  own  head,  (he 
might  be  apt  totio  the  fame  on  mine? 
Thefe  certainly  were  ftrong  obje^ions| 
but  you  will  think  them  hardly  worth 
mentioning,  when  you  have  read  what 
follows.  $^y  wife  hath  lately  been 
brought  to  bed.  She  had  a  raiferable 
time,  and  was  very  near  death.  And 
what  do  you  think  was  the  caufe  f 
The  child  had  a  tete  de  moutOH,  One 
would  have  thought  my  dear  would 
have  been  plcafed  with  a  natural  tete, 
as  it  will  fave  the  trouble  and  expence 
of  an  artificial  one  ;  and  would  have 
liked  the  child  the  better,  becaufe  it 
came  into  the  world  in  the  fa(hio». 
But  (he  is  inconfolable,  and  lamenti 
that  fhe  hath  been  brought  to  bed  of  a 
monftcr :  And,  to  add  to  our  grief, 
the  curate  fcruples  to  baptize  the 
child,  becaufe  he  doubts  whether  it 
has  an  human  foul,  \Ve  arc  in  luch 
!pen(ufioii| 
t  ^bis  Cod  ij^as  lAicrfilpted  under  the  form  of  q  r^^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


confafion»  that  I  cannot  give  you  a 
more  particular  account.  But  I  thought 
I  would  lofe  no  time  in  letting  you 
know  this  melancholy  event,  that 
others  may  he  wife  from  our  misfor- 
tune, and  leave  off  their  tetes,  left, 
in  time,  the  human  race  ihould  dege- 
nerate into  a  flock  of  (heep* 

I  am.  Sir,  your  afflif^ed  fervant, 
Abel  Shepherd. 

An  Account  of  the  'very  tall  Men^  ften 
mar  the  Streights  ^  Magellan  in  the 
Tear  1764,  hythe  Equipage  of  the  Dol- 
phin Man  ofWfir^  under  the  Command 
of  the  Hon,  Commodore  Byron,  in  a 
Letter  from  Mr  Chailcs  Clarke,  Offi- 
cer on  Board  the  f aid  Ship,  to  M.  Ma- 
ty, M.  D.  Sec,  R.  S. 
SIR,    Wtathersficld,  No  v.  3, 1766. 

IHad  the  pleafure  of  feeing  my 
friend  Mr.  M—  a  few  days  ago, 
when  he  made  me  acquainted  with 
your  deiire  of  a  particular  account  of 
the  Patagonians,  which  I  moft  readily 
undertake  to  give,  as  it  will  make  me 
extremely  happy  if  I  can  render  it 
in  the  leaft  amuiing  or  a?reeabie  to 
you.  I  wifh  I  could  embellifhit  with 
language  more  worthy  your  perufal  5 
however,  I  will  give  it  the  em  belli  fh- 
ment  of  truth,  and  rely  on  your  good- 
nefs  to  excufe  a  tar*8  dialed. 

We  had  not  got  above  ten  or  twelve 
leagues  into  the  Streights  of  Magellan, 
from  the  Atlantifc  ocean,  before  we 
law  feveral  people,  fomc  on  horfcback 
and  Jome  on  foot,  upon  the  North 
(bore  (continent)  and  with  the  help  of 
our  glaiTet  could  perceive  them  bec- 
koning to  as  to  come  on  ihore,  and  at 
the  fame  time  obfervcd  to  each  other 
that  they  Teemed  of  an  extraordinary 
iize;  however  we  continued  to  ftand 
on,  and  fhould  have  pa  fled  without 
taking  the  leaft  further  notice  of  them, 
could  we  have  proceeded  5  but  our 
breeze  dying  away,  and  the  tide  ma- 
J^ing  againft  us,  we  were  obliged  to 
anchor,  when  the  Commodore  ordered 
his  boat  of  twelve  oars,  and  another 
of  (ix  to  be  hoifted  out,  manned  and 
armed.  In  the  firft  went  the  Com- 
modore; in  the  other  Mr.  Cummingt, 
our  firft  lieutenant  and  myiielf.  At 
ourfiril  leaving  the  fliip  their  number 
did  not  exceed  forty;  but  as  we  ap- 
proached the  (bore,  we  perceived  them 
pouring  down  from  all  quirters,  Tome 
fl^Wopiag,  others  running,  all  making 


Letter  to  2V.  Maty. 


37J 

ufe  of  their  utmoft  expedition.  Thejr 
coUe^led  themfelves  in  a  body,  juft  at 
the  place  we  (Peered  for.  When  we 
had  got  within  twelve  or  fourteen 
yards  of  the  be^ch,  we  found  it  a 
difagreeaUe  flat  fhore  with  very  large 
Hones,  which  we  apprehended  would 
injure  the  boats ;  fo  looked  at  two  or 
three  different  places,  to  And  tne  moft 
convenient  for  landing.  They  fuppo- 
fed  we  deferred  coming  on  fhore  thro* 
,  apprehenfions  of  danger  from  themi 
upon'whkh  they  all  threw  open  their 
fkins  which  were  over  their  fliouU 
ders,  and  which  were  the  only 
thing  they  had,  and  confequently 
the  only  thing  they  could  fecrete 
any  kind  of  arms  with,  and  many  of 
them  laid  down  clofe  to  the  water^s 
edge.  The  Commodore  made  a  mo- 
tion for  them  to  go  a  little  way  front 
the  water,  that  we  might  have  room 
to  land,  which  they  immediately  com- 
plied with,  and  withdrew  thifty  or  for- 
ty yards,  we  then  landed  and  formedt 
eaeh  man  with  his  mufquet,  in  cafe 
any  violence  (hould  be  offered. 

As  foon  as  we  were  formed,  the 
Commodore  went  from  us  to  them, 
then  at  about  twenty  yards  diftance; 
they  feeraed  vai^lv  happy  at  his  going 
among  them,  immediately  gathered 
round  him,  and  made  a  rude  kind  of 
noife,  which  I  believe  was  their  me- 
thod of  iinging,  as  their  countenacea 
befoke  it  a  fpeciesof  jollity. The  Cora- 
npiodore  made  a  motion  for  them  to  fit 
down,  which  they  did  in  a  circle,  with 
him  in  the  middle,  when  Mr.  Byron 
took  fome  beads  and  ribbons,  which 
he  had  brought  for  that  purpofe,  and 
tied  about  the  womens  necks,  with 
which  they  feemed  infinitely  pleal'cd. 
We  were  ftruck  with  the  greateft  afto- 
niHiment  at  the  fight  of  people  of  fuch 
a  gigantic  (fat ure,  notwithftanding  our 
previous  notice,  with  our  glaffes  from 
the  fhip.  Their  number  was  increafed 
by  the  time  we  got  in  there  to  the 
number  of  five  hundred,  men,  wo- 
men, and  children.  The  men  and 
women  both  rid  in  the  fame  manner; 
the  women  had'  a  kind  of  belt  to  clofe 
their  fkin  round  the  waift,  which  the 
men  hail  not,  as  theirs  were  only  flung 
over  their  fhoulders,  and  tied  v»ith  two 
little  flips,  cut  from  the  (kin,  round 
the  neck.  At  the  time  of  the  Com- 
modore's motion  tor  them  to  retire 
fartlier  up  thie  beach,  they  all  dif- 
mounted^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'Account  of  the  tall  Pa tagon  Ian  s. -  July 

turned    their    horfes     lieve  they  had  Affile  «xpedid<mt  of 

but  as  focm  at 


374 

mounted,  and 

loofe,  which  were  gentle,    and  ftood 
very  auietly.  The  Commodore  having 
difpo(ed  of  all  his  prefents  and  fatis- 
fied  his  curioiity,    thought  proper  to 
retire,  but  they  were  vaftly  anxious  to 
bave  him  go  up  into  the  country  to 
cat  with  them  (that  they  wanted  him 
ta  go  with  them  to  eat,  we  could  ve- 
ry well  underfhind  by  their  motion, 
Imt  their  language  was  wholly  unin* 
teliigible  to  us.)    There  was  a  very 
great  fmoke  to  which  they  pointed, 
about  a  mile  from  us,    where  there 
muft  have  been  feveral  fires ;  but  fome 
intervening  hills  prevented  our  feeing 
any  thing  but  the  fmoke.    The  Com- 
modore returned  the  compliment,  by 
inviting  them  on  board  the  fliip.  We 
were  with  them  near  two  hours   at 
noon  day,  within  a  very  few  yards, 
though  none  had  the  honour  of  (ba- 
king hands,  but  Mr.  Byron  and  Mr. 
Cummings;    however  we   were  near 
enough  and  long  enough  with  them 
to  convince  our  fenfes  fo  far  as  not 
to  be  cavilled  out  of  the  very  exiftence 
of  thofe  fenfes   at   that  time,   which, 
fome  of  our  countrymen  and  friends 
would  abfolutely  attempt  to  do.    They 
are  of  a  copper  colour  with  long  black 
hair,  ^nd  iome  of  them  are  certainly 
nine  feet  if  they  don*t  exceed  it.  The 
Commodore,  who  is  very  near  fix  feet, 
could  but  juft  reach  the  top  of  one  of 
their  heads  which  he  attempted  on  tip- 
toes, ahd  there  w^e  feveral  taller  than 
him   on   whom    the  experiment  was 
tried.     They    are    prodigious    ftout, 
and  as  proportionably  made  as  ever  I 
faw  people  in  my  life.    That  they  have 
fome  kind  of  arms  among  them  is,  I 
think,  indiCputable,  from  their  taking 
methods  to  convince  us  they  had  none 
at  that  time  about  them.  The  women, 
I  think,  bear  much  the  fame  propor- 
tion to  the  men  as  our  Europeans  do, 
there  was  hardly  a  roan  amongil  them 
lefs  than  eight  feet,  mod  of  them  con- 
fiderably  more.    The  women,    I  be- 
lieve, run  from  feven  and  a  half  to 
eight.    Their  horfes   were  ftout  and 
bony,  but  not  remarkably  tail,    they 
are  in  my  opinion  from  fifteen  to  fit- 
tecn  and  a  half  hands.    They  had  a 
great  number  of  dogs  about  the  iize 
of  a  middling  pointer,  with  a  fox  nofe. 
They  continued   upon  the   beach  till 
we    got  under  way,    which   was   two 
hours  after  we  got  on  board  \  I  be- 


our  returning  a^am, 

they^fawus  getting  off,  they  betook 

themfelves  to  the  country. 

The  country  of  Patagonia  is  rather 
hilly,  though  not  remarkably  fo.  You 
have  here  and  there  a  ridge  of  hiUs» 
but  no  high  one.  We  lay  fonie  time 
at  Port  Defire,  which  is  not  a  great 
way  to  the  northward  of  the  Streights» 
where  we  traverfed  the  country  many 
miles  round  .*  We  found  firebrands  in 
different  places,  which  convinced  ut 
there  had  been  people,  and  we  fuppofe 
them  to  have  been  the  Patagonians. 
The  foil  is  fandy ;  produces  nothing 
but  a  coarfe  harfh  grafs,  and  a  few 
fmall  fhrabs,  of  which  Sir  J.  Narbo- 
roueh  remarked  he  could  not  find  one 
of  fize  enough  to  make  the  helve  of 
a  hatchet,  wnich  observation  we  found 
very  juft.  It  was  fome  time  in  De- 
cember we  made  this  vifit  to  our  gi- 
gantic friends^  I  am  debarred  being 
fo  particular  as  I  could  wifb,  from  the 
lofs  of  my  journals,  which  were  de- 
manded by  their  lordfhips  of  the  admi- 
raltyi  immediately  upon  our  return. 
I  am,  Sir, 

Your  vtry  humble  fervant, 
Charles  Clarkb. 

AJbort  Enquiry  into  the  fiundatum  of  tU 
DoSlrint  '*  That  a  man's  private 
chara^er  has  nothing  to  do  with  bis 
public  charadter.** 
**  rw^  H  A  T  a  man's  public  cbarac- 
^  X  ter  has  no  retrofbed^  to  his 
private  chara6ler,**  is  a  doctrine  which 
appears  to  me  abfurd,  ridiculous,  and 
abominable,  replete  with  complicated 
mifchief,  pregnant  with  every  evil 
that  can  befall  a  free  ftate  i  a  doctrine 
which  Macbiavel  himfelf  had  not  the 
hardinefs  to  propagate,  nor  his  nume-> 
rous  difciples  have  ever  dared  to  e(^ 
poufc  ;  it  was  left  to  the  patriots  of  oar 
days  to  broach,  and  their  deluded  foU 
lowers  to  embrace  and  propagate. 
Yet,  in  the  face  of  all  its  votaries,  I 
venture  to  declare  it  is  a  dofVrine  re- 
pugnant to  reafon,  contradictory  to 
the  obfervation  and  experience  of  all 
former  ages,  fubverflve  of  all  true  pa- 
triotifm  and  public  fpirit,  and  deftruc- 
tive  of  our  free  confticution,  which 
can  fubfift  only  by  an  uncommon  de- 
gree of  that  capital  virtue  the  Amor  Pa^ 
tri^t  which  rifesfrom,  and  is  the  com- 
pletion of  ail  the  lelTcr  rirtues,  thft 

render 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.    Public  and  Private  good 

render  a  mati  amiably  confpicuous  in 
private  life.  Say  what  you  will,  the 
ieat  of  all  virtue*  public  or  private, 
mud  be  in  the  heart,  and  from  the 
gobdnefs  of  the  heart  proceeds  the  ex- 
ercife  of  every  good  and  praifc- worthy 
action.  Remove  thi3  folid  foundation, 
mnd  every  public  a6t  of  the  moft  often- 
tatiout  pretender  to  patriotifm,  it 
mere  cant  and  hyprocrify,  calculated 
to  deceive  a  good-natured  credulous 
people.  Remove  this  foundation,  and 
you  deftroy  all  ancient  authority,  fa^ 
cred  and  profane.  Why  did  the  royal 
pfalmift  fo  freouently  profefs  to  hit 
maker  hit  cofthdcnce  m  good  men, 
and  his  determined  refolution  to  drive 
mway  all  wicked  men  from  his  prefcnce  ? 
Why  did  the  wife  Solomon  fo  fre- 
quently advife  the  removal  of  wicked 
men  norn  before  the  king,  that  hit 
throne  might  be  eftabliflied  in  righte- 
oufnefs  ?  In  (hort,  why  did  the  immor- 
tal Cicero  exhauft  all  the  powers  of 
eloquence  and  declamation  to  convince 
the  Romans  of  the  profligate  manners 
of  Catiline  and  his  accomplices,  but 
to  bring  them  to  a  fenfc  of  the  danger 
of  their  lives,  liberties,  and  properties, 
and  all  that  was  dear  to  them,  m  the 
hands  of  fuch  men,  if  they  ihould 
prove  triumphant.  If  this  modem 
do^rine  be  true,  the  Romans  might 
as  well  have  joined  Catiline  and  bis 
banditti,  and  profcribcd  Cicero  with 
bis  grave  fenators.  By  the  fame  rule, 
Cato  was  wron^  to  oppofe  Csefar's  am- 
bition, popularity,  and  fuccefsj  and 
our  immortal  Pope  has  declared  invain, 
God  loves  from  whole  to  partsj  the 

human  foul 
Muft  rife  from  individuals  to  the  whole. 
Self-love,  but  ferves  the  virtuous  mind 

to  wake. 
As  the  fmall  pebble  (Hrsthe  peaceful  lake. 
The  centre  mov*d,   a  circle  ftrait  fuc- 

ceeds, 
Another  ftill,  and  ftill  another  ^reads  i 
Friend,  parent,  neighbour,  firn  it  will 

embrace,  Lrace. 

His  country  next,  and  next  all  human 
This  gradation  or  expanfion  of  the 
circle  of  human  virtue  muft  all  be  re- 
verfedi  if  a  man  can  be  Ibppofed  a 
paflionate  lover  of  his  country,  without 
nrft  exercifing  his  virtuous  difpofition 
towards  all  individuals  with  whom  he 
is  immediately  converfant ;  and  we 
may  as  well  fuppofe  tiat  of  two  con- 
ccDtrick  circles,  the  lefler  comprehends 


ChataSter^  lotb  necejjary.     375 

the  greater,  as  that  a  man,  without 
private  virtue,  can  be  a  true  patriot» 
devoted  to  promote  the  good  of  the 
community. 

Philo-Britannxa. 

A  Copy  of  a  Letter  lately  ftnt  from  the 
Hon.  Houfe  ofReprefentatrves  o/^Iaifa- 
chufet*s  Bay,  to  the  Right  Hon.  Lord 
Camden,  Lord  High  CSancellor  of 
Great  Britain. 
My  Lord, 

YOUR  great  knowledge  of  the 
conftitution  and  laws  of  the  na« 
tion,aof  the  juft  extent  of  parliamen- 
tary abthority,  and  the  rights  of  Bri- 
ti(h  fubjefls,  is  a  prevailing  inducement 
to  the  houfe  of  reprefentatives  of  this 
his  majefty*s  province,  to  addrefs  your 
lordihip  at  a  time,  whenyour  attention 
to  the  Britiih  colonies,  their  connec- 
tion with,  and  dependance  upon  the 
mother  ftate,  and  their  rights  as  fub- 
jeAs,  feems  to  be  necefiary  and  im- 
portant, not  to  them  alone,  but  to  the 
whole  empire. 

This  houfe  can  fpcak  only  for  the 
people  of  one  province :  But  no  affem- 
Dly  on  this  continent,  it  is  prefumed^ 
can  long  be  filent,  under  an  apprehen- 
fion,  that  without  the  aid  of  fome 
powerful  advocate,  the  liberties  of 
America  will  be  no  more. 

It  is  a  caufe  which  the  houfe  if  aHur- 
ed  your  lordfliip  has  at  heart :  And 
the  pad  experience  of  your  patronage, 
and  the  noble  exertions  you  were 
pleafed  to  make  for  them  in  a  late 
time  of  diftrefs,  affords  the  ftrongeft 
reafon  to  hope  that  your  happy  in- 
fluence will  ftill  be  employed  in  their 
behalf,  as  far  as  your  lordftiip  will 
judge  to  be  right. 

If,  in  all  free  ftates,  the  conftitution 
is  fixed ;  and  the  fupreme  legiflative 
power  of  the  nation,  from  thence  de- 
rives its  authority  :  Can  that  power 
overleap  the  bounds  of  their  conftitu- 
tion, without  fubverting  its  own  foun- 
dation? If  the  remoteft  fubjedbs  are 
bound  by  the  ties  of  allegiance,  which 
this  people  and  their  forefathers  have 
ever  acknowledged  j  are  they  not,  by 
the  rules  of  equity,  entitled  to  all  the 
rights  of  that  conftitution,  which  af- 
certains  and  limits  both  fovereignty 
and  allegiance.  If  it  is  an  eflential  un- 
alterable right  in  nature,  ingrafted  in- 
to the  Britifti  conftitution  as  a  fun<1a- 
mental  law,  and  ever  held  Tacr^d  and 
irrcvoca^)  c 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


37^  Letter  h  Lord  Camden. 

irrevocable  by  the  fub/e^t  within  the  to  fubje6ls,  who 
rei  rn,  t\xAt  ivbat  isaman^jonvft,  it  ah- 
falutely  bis  o*wni  and  that  no  man 
hath  a  right  to  take  it  from  him  with- 
out hii  confent :  May  not  the  fubjeds 
of  thit  province,  m^h  decent  firmnefs, 
which  has  always  di(iingui(hcd  the  hap- 
py ruHje^ts  of  Britain,  plead  and  main- 
tain this  natural  con Ihtutionai  right  ?. 

The  fuperintending  authority  of  his 
inaj£fty*t  high  court  of  parliament 
over  the  whole  empire,  in  all  cafes 
vhich  can  coniifl  with  the  fundamen- 
tal rights  of  the  conftitution,  was  ne- 
ver queftioned  in  this  province^  nor» 
as  this  houfe  conceive,  in  any  other  : 
But  they  intreat  your  lordfliip's  re- 
£ediion  one  moment,  on  an  a6l  of 
parliament  pafTed  in  the  laft  feflion  } 
and  another  m  the  fourth  of  his  prefent 
majefty's  reign;  both  impofing  duties 
on  his  fuhjeas  in  America,  which,  as 
they  are  impofed  with  the  fole  and  ex. 
prels  purpofesof  raifing  a  revenue,  are  in 
cf{e6^  taxes.  The  pofition,  that  taxa- 
tion and  reprefentation  are  infeparable, 
is  founded  on  the  immutable  laws  of 
nature.  But  the  Americans  had  no 
reprefentation  in  the  parliament,  when 
they  were  taxed  :  Are  they  not  then 
unfortunate  in  thefe  inftances,  in  hav- 
ing that  leparated,  which  God  and 
nature  had  joined.  Such  are  the  lo- 
cal circumftances  of  the  colonies,  at 
the  diflance  of  a  thoufand  leagues  fron^ 
the  metropolis,  and  leparated  by  a 
wide  ocean,  as  will  for  ever  render  a 
jufl  and  e(}ual  reprefentation  in  the 
I'upremc  legiflatiye,  utterly  impra£lica- 
ble.  Upjn  this  confideration,  it  is 
conceived,  that  his  raajefty's  royal  pre- 
deccffors  thought  it  equitable  to  form 
legiflative  bodies  in  America,  as  per- 
fttWy  free  as  a  fubordination  to  the 
fupreme  legiflative  would  admit  of, 
that  the  inellimable  right,  of  being 
taxed  only  by  reprefcntativcs  of  their 
own  itrte  ele Aion,  might  be  preferved 
and  fecurcd  to  their  fubjtr^ls  here. 
The  Americans  have  ever  been  conii- 
dtred  by  the  nation  as  fubjeils  remotei 
and  fucceeding  kings,  even  to  the  pre- 
fent happy  reign,  and  until  thefi;  a£ts 
vere  made,  have  always  dire^lcd  their 
requiiltions  to  be  laid  before  the  re- 
prelcntatives  of  their  people  in  Ame- 
rica, With  which  this  province,  and  it 
is  presumed,  all  the  other  colonies, 
have,  wiib  the  utmoll  chearfulnefs, 
complied.   Mult  it  not  then  be  grievous 


Juljr 

ha7e,  in  many  re« 
peated  infta^ces,  afforded  the  ttrongeft 
marks  of  loyalty,  and  zeal  for  the  ho- 
nour and  ftrvice  of  their  (bvereign,  to 
be  now  called  wpon  in  a  manner, 
which  implies  a  diftruft  of  a  free  and 
willing  compliance.  Such  is  the  mis- 
fortune of  the  coloniftr,  not  only  in  the 
jnftances  before-mentioned,  but  alio 
in  the  cafe  of  the  a6  for  prcventtog 
mutiny  and  defertion  j  which  requires 
the  governor  and  council  to  provide 
enumerated  articles  for  the  king's 
marching  troops,  and  the  people  to 
pay  the  expence. 

^Tbis  is  a  great  change,  and  in  its 
nature  delicate  and  important.  Your 
]ord(hip  will  form  your  own  judgment 
of  the  wifdom  of  making  fuch  a  change* 
without  the  mod  preiTing  reafon,  or  aa 
abfolute  neceflity.  Theie  can  be  no 
necefTity,  my  lord,  as  this  houfe  hum- 
bly conceive  :  The  fubjc6^s  of  this  pro-^ 
vince,  and  undoubtedly  in  all  the  colo- 
nies, however  they  have  been  other- 
wife  reprcfented  to  bis  majefty's  minify 
Urs,  are  loyal :  They  are  firmly  at- 
tached to  the  mother  ftate  :  They  al- 
ways confidcr  her  intercft  and  their 
own  as  infeparably  interwoven,  and 
it  is  their  fervent  wi(h  that  it  may  ever 
fo  remain  :  All  they  defire  is  to  be  re- 
ftored  to  the  (landing  upon  which 
they  were  originally  put :  to  have  the 
honour  and  privilege  of  volantarily 
contributing  to  the  aid  of  their  fove- 
rcign,  when  required  :  They  are  free 
fuhjedts;  and  it  is  hoped  the  nation 
will  never  confider  them  as  in  a  tri- 
butary (late. 

It  is  humbly  fubmitted  to  your  lord- 
(hip,  whether  fubjefls  can  be  faid  to 
enjoy  any  degree  of  freedom,  if  the 
crown,  in  addition  to  its  undoubted  aur 
thorityofcon(lituting|rovernors,  fliouki 
be  authorized  to  appoint  fuch  ftipcncfs 
for  them,  as  it  (hall  judge  proper,  at 
their  expence,  and  without  their  con- 
fent. This  is  the  unhappy  flate  t^ 
which  his  majefly's  fuhjcAs  in  the  co- 
lonies are  reduced,  by  the  a£t  for 
granting  certain  duties  on  paper,  ana 
other  arricles.  A  power  without  a 
check  is  always  unfafe;  and  in  fome 
foture  time  may  introduce  an  abfolute 
govei  nment  into  America.  The  judget 
of  the  land  here  do  not  hold  their  com- 
miflions  durirg  good  behaviour :  If 
it, not  then  juftly  to  be  apprehended, 
that  at  fo  great  a  diftancc  irom  the 

throne 


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Poetical  Essays  //r  July,  1768* 


throne,  the  fountain  of  national  ju(lice» 
with  falartes  altogether  independent 
of  the  people,  an  arbitrary  rule  may 
take  eftedt,  which  (ha|l  deprive  a  bench 
of  juftice  of  its  glory,  and  the  people  of 
their  fecurity. 

When  a  queftion  arifes  on  the  pub« 
lie  adminiftration,  the  nation  will  judge 


377 

and  determine  in  conformity  to  iti  poll- 
tical  c«nftitution :  The  great  end  of 
the  conftirution  is  univerfal  liberty  j 
and  this  houfe  refts  afTured,  that  ^our 
lordihip^s  great  intereft  in  the  national 
councils,  will  always  be  engaged  on 
the  fide  of  liberty  and  truth. 

Sigfud  fy  tbi  Spiskir* 


POETICAL    ESSAYS. 


ODE.  ftrfomud  at  tbi  Caft/e  of  Dublin,  en 
ibe  %otb  Dty  «/*  July,  1708,  being  ibt  Day 
cppointtdfvr  eMrattng  the  Birthday  9/  bit 
moft  BttttUeni  mnd  Sacrtd  Majtfy  Kinr 
GEORGE  III. 

REGIT. 

AWAKE  the  foul  to  harmoay ! 
And  ftrtke  th*  Hibernian  lyre ! 
Your  monsrch**  worth  will  every  note  infpire, 
With  fweeter  mufic,  and  fublimer  iire : 
*T\\k  woo  to  virtue  by  {lerfuafive  laya. 
All  praAice,    what  aU,    sow  conrent  to 
praife. 

SONG. 
While  thus  the  throne  thefe  gifts  impart^ 
Each  moral  beauty  of  the  heart. 

By  ftudious  ways  rcfiu*d : 
It*s  wealth,  the  fmiles  of  fweet  eontent  | 
It's  power,  the  ampleft,  befi  extent. 
An  empire  o*er  the  mind. 

REGIT.  , 

BfitODS  of  late,  with  emulation  fir*d ! 
And  by  their  great  forefathers  deeds  infpir'd, 
Have  bravely  fought  loft  hooouti  to  regain  ! 
And  Miodea  eqoall'd  Greflfy'i  glorious  plain ! 
AGGOMPANIED. 
O  may  the  fam'd  hiftoric  page, 
Aniiute  the  rifing^  age ! 
Read  Agincourt*8  atnazing  fcene  ! 
And  view  what  Batons  there  have  been  I 
SONG. 
Hail,   generous  race  1    by  worth  trinfmiflive 

known ! 
Who  made  hereditary  praife  their  own ! 
In  their  brave  breafts  their  father's   fpirit 
glow'd  \  [flow'd ! 

In  their  pore  veins  their  mother^s  virtue 
The  Matron  trained  their  fpotlefs  yooth^ 
In  honour,  {andity,  and  truth ! 
The  fire  hit  em*lous  offspring  led. 
The  rougher  psths  of  .fame  to  tread  I 
It  E  G  I  T. 
Thos  form*d.  by  their  united  parents  care. 
The  foas,  tho*  bold,  were  wife — the  daugh* 
ters  chafte,  tho*  fair  I 
DUET  and  C  H  O  R  U  S. 
So  flull  our  rifing  youth  be  found. 
And  Britain  be  again  renowned ! 

REGIT. 
To  yonr  lov'd  king  renew  the  ilrain  } 
Be  thefe  the  bldfiogs  of  his  reign* 
July,  I768, 


SONG. 

On  hit  lov*d  ifle,  behold  your  monarch  pour! 

Diftingtti/h*d  favoon  on  this  loyal  land  ! 
His  choiceft  peeis  I  with  delegated  power ! 

Who  foiemoft  in  the  lift  of  virtue  ftand  I 
See  Native  wor^  rcfplendent  (hioe, 

In  Townfliend*t  long  diilingiii(h'd  lioc  | 
CHORUS. 
*Te  your  lov*d  king  repeat  the  ftrain« 
Thefe  are  the  bleAngs  of  his  rcigo. 

EPISTLEisJOHN  WILKES^  £/^; 
in  Confinement, 

WHILE  ev*ry  troely  Bngliih  bresft 
Swells  with  regret  and  rage  pofl*cfi*d^ 

And  mourns,  O  Wilkes,  thy  doom^ 
I  rather  joy*  who  hope  to  view 
Thy  fteady  foul  her  plan  purfue^ 

And  equal  ancient  Rome. 
See  ■      impotent  of  foul. 

In  pale  and  filent  malice  fcowl. 

And  yield  to the  blow  ! 

Vain  all  their  r^^  thy  noble  hearty 
Invulner|ble,  (^^'  the  dart. 

Nor  heeds  tK«  feeble  foe. 
Thus  faithful  to  his  country's  gooi, 
UnmovM  the  menac,*d  Roman  ftood 

At  all  the  panic  rage  $ 
Bravely  he  met  the  death  he  dsr'd. 
Nor  fear*d  the  cruel  pains  prepu'd^ 

Their  malice  to  afluage. 
Nor  le(s  the  malice  of  thy  foet 
I  deem,  O  man  of  many  woes  1 

And  much-enduring  mind  I 
Nor  left  (hall  be  thy  fame  :  I  (et 
Thy  refcu*d  country  fmile  on  thee^ 

And  glory  gleam  behind. 
But  fliould  a  venal  fenSte  fear 
To  check  oppre(fion*s  prood  ctrtefv 

Nor  vindicate  thy  wrong,       ^ 
Let  hope,  with  confcience  to  attM* 
Be  thy  infeparable  friend. 

And  fpeed  the  hours  along.        ^ 
Then  let  no  penfive  thought  be  th*^^ 
Nor  let  thy  patriot  heart  repine. 

But  be  tbife  tbingt  thy  fport  $         « 
For  know^that  time  fiiall  fet  the!  ^e^ 
UnthankM  relentlefi  M y, 

Unthank*d  a  thoughtlefs  coort* 
Oxford,  June  309 

B  b  b  n^ 


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gyg  Poetical  Ess  A 

Tit  DYING  HUSBAND  /•  bit  WIFE. 

NO  more,  lot *<)  partner  of  my  foul^ 
At  my  departure  grieve ; 
Can  flowing  tetrs  our  fate  controul. 

Or  Sighs  our  woes  relieve? 
When  Che  dear  nuptial  knot  was  ty*d 

Which  bound  thee  to  my  heart, 
Could'ft  thou  believe,  becauft  a  btxde» 

.We  met  no  more  to  part  ? 
CouU*ft  thou  believe  the  fleeting  breath 

WoaM  ne*er  my  brcaft  forfiake^ 
Or  that  inexorable  death 

Would  not  (he  forfeit  Uke  ? 
Ceafe  then  to  grieve  Vm  gone,  my  dear. 

My  fo  1,  for  ever  ffce. 
Laughs  at  the  world,  and  all  its  care» 

Except  the  care  o'  thee. 
Uncumber*d  thro*  the  vaft  expanfe*    • 

Swifter  than  light  I  fly« 
To  guard  thee  from  each  dire  mifchance, 

Ttty  gMerdi»n  geritna  I.  . 
I  w-tch  thy  fwcet  and  peaceful  fleep, 

'Till  h^ivcn  the  time  ordain, 
Wht:n  for  thy  lofs  thy  friends  (hall  weep. 

And  wc  may  meet  again. 
Then  fh  ai  thy  dear,  thy  kindred  foal, 

Accompiny'd  by  mine. 
Behold  how  worlds— how  planets  roll  1 

Why  funi  unnumberM  Oiine! 
Withfongsofjoy,  and  grateful  bymnf. 

To  heaven's  eternal  king, 
Wc*ll  join  with  CatnCt  and  feraphims. 

And  Hallelujihi  6ng. 

STANZAS   to  the    LADIES. 
Tot  prmii  orimkmh  ***  «^^«'  compagibui  altum 
JEJtficmt  taput  $  Andrmacben  afronttwdtbih 
P^  minor  ^,  eliMU  credsi. 

HAVE  ye  never  feen  a  net 
Hanging  at  your  kitchea  door^ 
Stufr*d  with  dirty  ftraw,  befet 

With  old  (kewets  o*er  and  o'er  ? 
If  jehavv»  i;  v,....w„:  ...,.  .i 

Ye  from  thence  fhould  ftcal  a  falhtony 
And  fhould  heap  yotr  lovely  headi 

Such  a  deal  of  lilthy  trafh  on* 
True,  your  trefl^i  wreathed  with  art 

(Bards  have  iM  it  ten  timet  over) 
Form  a  net  to  cauh  the  heart 

Of  the  moil  unfeeling  Uver. 
But  thus  robb'd  af  half  your  beauty^ 

Whom  can  ye  induce  to  figk  ? 
Or  iodine  for  love  to  fue  t*ye 

By  his  Dofe,  or  by  hit  eye  ? 
When  he  views  (what  fcarce  Td  credit 

©f  a  fex  fo  fweet  and  clean, 
But  that  ftrtm  a  wench  1  had  it 

Of  all  Abigails  the  queen) 
When  he  views  your  trcffes  th'n, 

Tortur'd  by  fome  French  frifeur , 
Hotfe-hair,Semp,  and  wool  within, 

GainiihM  with  a  diamond  ikcwer* 


YS  in  July,  1768. 

When  he  fcents  the  mingled  fleam 

Which  your  plafler*d  heads  are  rich  iO| 
Lard  and  meal,  and  clouted  cream. 
Can  he  love  a  walking  kitchen  ? 

SquoXAM* 
Fnm  M  Tmb-Stiu  in  EiTex. 

HERE  lie  the  man  Richard^ 
And  Mary  hit  wife} 
Their  firname  was  Pritchard  | 

They  liv  d  without  flrife ) 
And  the  reafon  was  plain  ;-^ 
They  abounded  in  riches ; 
They  nor  care  had,  nor  pain. 
And  the  wife  wort  tbi  breeebeu 

SONG. 
Syngby  Afn.PiNTO.  Sit  by  Mr.  Aimold, 

SOFT  breathing  the  xephyrt  awaken  the 
grove. 
Now,  now,  is  the  feafon  for  pleafore  and  love  } 
Yet  Itt  no  delights  on  our  moments  intrude. 
But  fuch  it  are  Ample,  and  fuch  at  ate  good* 
Far  hence  be  the  love,  ihat*s  by  wantonncft 

b>ed 
Far  hence  be  the  pleafures  by  vanity  led ! 
But  joys,  which  both  reafon  and  virtue  ap« 

prove,  .    [grove. 

Such,    fuck  are  the  glory'  and  pride  of  the 

7b€    APRIL    FOOL. 
Suitg  by  Mr.  Vx  a  M  O N  •    Sit  by  Mr.  Y A  TSt* 

ON  E  Apri!  mom,  young  Damon  fought^ 
O'er  Sylvia  to  prevail. 
And,  witl^  diflimuhtion  fraught^ 

He  thus  audrefs*d  his  tale 
Now  Winter's  chilling  blaflt  are  o'cr» 

And  Spring's  prolific  reign 
'  Impels  the  bloflbm  and  the  flow'r 

To  deck  the  fmiling  plain ; 
Let  us,  my  deareft  girt,  repair. 

To  yonder  blooming  grove, 
For  oh  !  I  long  to  tell  thee  there. 

How  ardcmly  I  love. 
When  Prudence,  watchfol  for  the  good 

Of  all  who  feek  her  care  j 
Cdnfeft  before  the  damfel  flood. 

And  f«id,  of  man  beware. 
What  tho'  his  words  as  honey  fweet» 

Seem  all  in  candour  drefl. 
Yet  Art,  the  parent  of  Deceit,  * 

Lies  lurking  in  bis  breaft. 
Admonifli  d  by  this  faithful  friend. 

The  cautious  maid  reply'd. 
The  youth  I  to  the  grove  attend, 

Muft  make  me  firft  his  bride. 
Aba(h'd  !  the  fwain  his  purpofe  (aw. 

In  blackeft  colours  rife. 
Her  honour  ftruck  his  foul  with  awe. 

And  flU'd  with  fliame  his  eyes  { 
To  church  he  led  the  lovely  snaid. 

Fair  Virtue's  facred  fchool  I 
While  Sylvia  archly  fmil'd,  and  faid. 

Now— who*a  the  JPiil  Mf 

^  RONDEAU, 


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Poetical  Essays  in  Ji/ly,    1768. 


379 


RONDEAU./ki^  hMrs.  WxicniBL. 
Set  by  Mr,  PoTTl», 

WOULD  70a  wifli  to  gain  a  lover^ 
You  maft  all  your  kopci  conceal  | 
Men  iocoaftant  will  d  fcover. 
What  cor  fex  too  otc reveal. 
Virtue  teachet  wife  dircretion^ 
Fickle  men  are  full  of  art? ; 
By  a  thooghtlcfi  food  confeiSon* 
They  (educe  and  fteal  our  hcartf. 
WtuU  you  %uifiy,  &c, 

SbuD,    O  /hun  !  the  to  t  perfuarioDy 
Let  flrtt  tars  your  palTiuns  mo«  | 

But  cmbficc  the  firft  occafion^ 
Wken  c  niac'd  they  •^ruly  love* 
ffok/dyou  Viijb,  &c. 

THE     TOAST, 

HAPPY   -he  day  when  men  wil}  fhnk. 
Or  thus  to  Fi  t»e  cat  and  drink  ! 
The  ufuil  number,  fmart  and  gay, 
Attend  to  blcft  the  njtal  djy  : 
The  tables  dcck'd   mh  noble  cheer, 
And  pleafing  (oundi  cngrofs  the  cars 
All  joi't  with  harmony  to  cat, 
Where  moderiron  rulci  the  treat.     • 
The  dinner  ended  i  to*ft  the  king— 
To  George  t be  Good  !  The  glaflcs  ring. 
And  Aindry  loy^I  heahhi  ga  round, 
AH  frerlv  crink  ^n  J  Joyful  hu2za*8  ^und  \ 

Ir.nocmce  !    how  fair — fe»Cf;e, 
Till  bliflcd  by  ti>c  tt^jft  cbfunt  ! 
The  coafciois  roaftcr,  blu'^ies  red,  •  * 
'*  And  ^ipii  cu<lnm  had  n^  t  led  j       •  >   '  • 
<•  Bui  ciji^m  bid  ,  I  M'jft  obey. 
»«  Howc'cr  Abl'u-d  it  fecns,  lo  d  ly.** 
Thus  thinking,    toast  to;  cv'ry  eye 
ProcUim'd  the  ft  .b  to  decency  • 
Only  fame  aged  dotard*  lecr'd 
At  ir  the  toati  was  plcanog  beard. 
But  foundi  like  thcfe,   mufl  give  o0ince, 
To  ev'ry  fiiend  of  e-'fc  anfl  Urit^ 
A  noble  youth,   with  air  fcr:ne, 
"Without  or  fear  or  gloomy  fplecn, 
'^Wiih  accents  bold,   that  all  might  hear. 
Stood  up,  and  thus  addrefs'd  the  chair: 
"  Sir  Thomas,  friend,  admit  iny  plea 
«*  For  I'm  rcfolv'd,  whijft  I  can  fee, 
•'  Never  to  drink  a  f^afl  obfceae 
*'  In  company  of  goithm-.n i 
•*  But  when  I*m  thus  difpo&'d  to  folly, 
**  To  be  or  low  or  lewdlv  jolly ; 
"  I  ffaall  attend  the  ranting  rcun 
*'  (Where  ev'ry  vice  is  praisM  in  fliouts) 
•*  Of  common  fiilori,  void  of  thinking, 
«*  Or  common  loldiers,  mad  with  drinking. 

The  youth  with  modefty  fat  down, 
The  knight  without  or  fmite  or  frown. 
With  fcrious  accent  thus  declared  : 
•*  This  plea  for  virtue  muft  be  heard, 
**  Each  prefcnt  youth  (Fm  pleas'd  to  fay) 
"  Approves  and  juftifics  the  plea. 
*'  The  odious  toaft  I  now  withdraw, 
*<  And,  with  confcnt,  do  make  a  law  i 


*«  Henceforth,  for  ever,  let  it  1>e> 
"  That  in  a  large,  mlx*d  company, 
«  No  roaft  fliall  ifTue  from  the  chair, 
;  '<  But  what  ia  pleafirrgto  the  virtuout  ear!** 
The  room  refound^  wiih  applaufe. 
And  drank,   profperity  to  fuch  whoicfoiM 
laws ! 
June  14,  1768,  AMl]r» 

L/if«,  on  M  Vamhf  19  the  Churcb-yMrd  •f  Lod« 
don,  Norfolk. 

WH  E  N  on  this  fpot  aflTeaion*!  down* 
caft  eye 
The  lucid  tribute  (hall  no  more  beftow; 
When  friendfhip'i  brealt  no  more  fhall  hea^* 
a  figh. 
In  kind  remembrance  of  the  daft  below  } 
Should  the  rude  Sexton,   digging  near  this 
tomb, 
(  A  place  of  reft  for  ntheri  to  prepare) 
'The  vault  beneath  to  violate  prefume  }  — 
May  fome  oppofing  chriftian  cry   "  For* 
bear!— 
Forbear  raOi  mortal !  At  thou  bop*ft  to  reft. 
When  deaili  ihall  lodge  thee  in  thy  deftiA*d 
bed, 
With  ruthlefi  fpade,  unkindly  to  moleft. 
The    peaceful    flumbers  of  the    kindred 
dead.*' 

Liberty*i  Addrefs  to  ber  Britont  in  Behalf  tf 
tbt  Corficaoa. 

WITH  throbbing  bofom,    and   woe« 
fpeaking  eye. 
On  Albion's  fea-beat  (hore,  poor  Liberty, 
Her  fpear  thrown  carelefs  by  her.  lay  reclin'd^ 
And  gave  her  forrows  to  the  pafting  wind. 
**  Can  Britain'i  fona  with  lukewarm  IbuU 

furvey 
Th*  infidioui  Gaul  th ui  fpread  hit  tyrant  fway  ? 
Can  they,  unmov'd,  the  Corficant  behold 
Td  tyrant  Gaul  like  beaftt  for  treafure  ibid  ; 
Thofe  heroet  who  (o  g1ork>ufly  have  flood. 
And- in  my  eaufie  longifticd  tbetr  noUeft  blodd  j 
Shall  Bourbon'a  haughty  race  attempt  to  bind 
In  flav'ry'a  galling- fetters  all  mankind  f    '  ^ 
And  ihall  not  my  brave  fona  like  brethren  joia 
To  fave  a  world,  j&od  blaft  Che  fell  defign  ?^ 
Roufe,  roufe,  ye  Britoni,    fee  your  croft  dif« 

pUy'd, 
And  to  my  fav'ritca  wing  fraternal  aid  ; 
Already  have  they  long  foftain'd  the  6ght 
And  myriad  foet  repeated  put  to  flight  { 
But  ah  !    in  vain  :— Frefli   myriada  onward 

pour  J  — 
*      If  unfupported,  freedom  it  no  more  ; 
Butchered  by  thofe  bafe'fons  of  Tyranny, 
Who.   flavea  thcmfelvet,  deteft  all  who  art 

ittt  ,— 
In  vain  the  lion  dares  the  fight  maintain. 
While  myriad  foet  befet  the  hoftile  plain. 
Woo'd  Britont  bot  unflieath  their  cone*'^! 

ffvord. 
And  friendly  aid  in  freedom*!  caole  ifford  ; 
B  b  b  »  \  The 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3to 


Poetical  Essays  in  July*   1768. 


The  Gallic  legions  fooa  woii*d  fljr  the  field. 
And  10  your  dreaded  ofutry'd  valour  yield  i 
Rovfc,  roufe,  my  foni :— But  ah  !  I  fev,'^ 

Ibe  faid, 
The  love  of  freedom  fVom  your  fooli  ii  fled  : 
The  fi«nd,   beivitching  luxury  ^  the  foa 
Or  flaTcry,  whofe  mag'C  fpelli  forerun 
Hit  parents  Aeps,  hit  opiate  influence  ibedi, 
Unnerves  your  heartf,  and  your  weak  couhfcls 

leads: 
Hit  ibfrning  poifon  bnt  preparei  the  doom 
That  buried  in  the  duft  my  dailing  Rome. 
Oh,  fliou'd  that  fatfl  hour  which  now  1  fear, 
(Avert  it,  Jove  omnipotent!)  appear: 
V^hen  Tyranny  ihtH  range  with  giant  flride. 
And  barefoot  fupeiftitiorf  by  her  fide  ; 
Vfhtn  Snaithfield  firet  again  fliall  horrid  blast, 
Thofe  dire  remerobrancet  of  Mary*a  daya  j 
When  my  fair  offspring  commerce  (ball  de- 
part— 
From  her  lov*d  Britain  with  a  heavy  heart ; 
Oh»  (hou*d  T  ever  that  black,  moment  view. 
To  this  unhappy  globe  VU  bid  adieu, 
like  that  brave  Greek  *,   whofe  ever-  envied 


Richly  adorni  the  brighteft  page  of  fame ; 
Who  at  Tbermopylv  teftgn*d  hit  breath, 
With  hecatombs  of  flavet  to  grace  his  death  | 
Like  him  my  brave  Paoli  dare  arife. 
And  offer  up  himfelf  a  facrifice  j 
Like  him  and  the  few  chofcn  Greeks  who  fell 
My  felf-devoted  font  their  blood  (ball  fell. 
And  (hew  the  world  that  freedom  they  will 

htve, 
Ev'n  tho*  the  road  lies  thro*  the  dreary  grave." 
So  faid,  (he  wiog*d  her  flight,  and  difap- 
pear*d,  [heard » 

And  ai  (he  flew,   there  words  dii^ind  were 
*'  Confider,  partial  and  miflaken  men, 
Xofifider^— >  In  the  horrid  Cyclops  den. 
The  cho(eo  few  (a favourite  repafl) 
Were  bnt  preferv*d,  to  be  devoured  the  laft.** 
York.  I.  R. 

A    CONUNDRUM. 

TO  that  on  which  tyrants  have  breathed 
their  laft, 
With    meant  by  which   many  have  gained 

wealth  too  fa(V, 
Add  a  beaft  that  ibould  alwayt  be  dofely  con- 

fin*d, 
Toa  tciDper  which  no  one  will  e^ercallkind; 
Their  imtialt,  combined  in  a  right  fituatron, 
Will  (hewyou  the  man  who  will  ruin  then— n. 

iifrmBiout  for  the  wmre  rtaiy  €ni  perfeB  at' 
taiitmnt  tf  tin  Cot/lfons  or  French  commtry 
Dances,  By  Monf»  Gherardi,  «/'Rathbone 
Place,  Soho. 


gentlemen  fini(h  out  of  time,  at  the  termuM^ 
tion'  of  the  fir^  part  of  tht  tone,  ending 
foraettmea  too  foon,  and  fomctimet  too  late  s 
In  order  to  avoid  the  coofofion,  which  would 
otherwife  be  the  confequencc  of  fuch  inatten- 
tion or  miftake,  the  firft  violin  ought  to 
koow  the  air  by  heart }  and  when  the  dancer* 
do  not  come  to  their  placet  foon  enough,  ia- 
ilead  of  playing  it  only  twice  or  thrice,  he 
(hould  continue  repeating  it  till  they  arc  all 
property  arrived  there,  and,  on  the  contrary, 
when  the  dancers  are  (o  ^uick  at  to  get  at 
their  places  too  foon,  he  (hould  keep  pace  with 
their  movements,  and  proportionably  (horten 
the  repetition.  If  this  rule  is  punAuafly  oh" 
(crved,  no  confufion  can  poflibly  enfue. 

Rule  %,  '*  Lades  and  gentlemen,  before 
they  begin  to  dance  a  cotil'on,  flioold  alwayt 
hear  the  tone  pUyed  once  over,  which  would 
greatly  conduce  to  their  juft  perfbrmante  of 
the  dance ;  becaufe,  by  particularly  noticing 
where  the  figure  of  the  firft  part  endr,  and 
where  the  figuie  of  the  fecond  part  t  which  it 
totally  different  from  the  firft)  begins,  tbej 
would  the  more  regularly  arrive  together  at 
the  end  of  the  figure  of  the  firft  part  j  and, 
con^eqpently,  would  return  to  their  places  io 
the  juft  fime  of  the  tunc,  to  commence  the 
figure  of  the  fecond. 

Rule  3.  **  To  be  fure  of  performing  the 
fecond  part  with  the  greateA  exa^efa,  it 
would  be  proper  that  the  ladies  and  fen* 
tiemen  (hould  juft  praftife  the  figure  a  Kt« 
tie,  (without  the  mufic)  before  they  begyi  to 
dance* 

Rule  4.  *'  It  t«  s  requifite  politeoefs  in  the 
Cotillons,  and  always  pra£l<fed  by  the  French 
nobility,  to  make  an  obcifance  (the  fame  aa 
is  ufual  in  the  commencement  oif  a  minuet) 
when  the  muficiaos  begin  to  play  the  firft 
part. 

Rule  5.  '*  Every  lady  or  gentleman  deiiroua 
of  dancing  the  cotillons  with  fome  degree  of 
excellence  ((b  as  to  jive  pleafure  to  the  com- 
pany, and  no  fatigue  to  thcmfelves)  (hoold 
have  the  affiflance  of  a  mafter, .  notwitblUnd- 
ing  they  may  know  the  figure^  in  order  to 
perfect  them  in  the  following  very  few  fteps, 
eafy  \ii  the  execution,  and  without  Which  it 
is  impoffible  to  perform  thcfe  faftiionable  and 
entertaining  dances  with  precifion:  Thej 
are  thefe :  Balance  pas  de  Rigodon :  Deax 
Chaffes  affemble,  pas  de  Rigodon )  Chafle 
a  trois  paf  afl'emble,  pat  de  Rigodon  ;  Deux 
GlifladeSy  affcmble,  pas  de  Rigodon  \  Con- 
tre-tems  en  avant,  contre-tems  en  arriere, 
cootre-tem^  en  tournantj  Cbaffc  en  tournaat^ 
Demi  centre  terns  d*un  pied  et  de  Tautre  \ 
Brize   a  trois  pas  d*un   pied  et   de   Tautrej 


Kale  It  <'  T  T  frequently  happens  in  dancing     ChafTc  a  trois  pas  d'an  pied  et  dc  Tantre. 
^  the    cotillons,    thar   ladies   afld 


the  cotillQOt,  that  ladiet  and 


*  LtMiddu 


THE 


Digitized  by  dOOglC 


ij69. 


38* 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRO^^OLOGER. 


'  N  Jane  26  the  court  went  into 
'  mourning  for  the  princcft  Ma- 
'  riA-Chfiftina,  of^  Sardinia,  and 
I  on  July  5^  the  court  went  out 
of  mourning. 

TuKiDAY,  June  28. 
The  king  rertewed  the  three  regiments  of 
Fooe-Guardj»  on  Wimbledon  Common^ 
Wkdmesoay,  29. 
Mary  Hindet  wai  executed  at  Tyburn.  (See 
p.  279.)  Bobanao,  Johnfon,  and  Pangr^ffiihii 
were  refpited. 

Was  publiihed  an  otder  of  council  of  hti 
majefty,  that  the  governor«  or  commander 
in  chief  for  the  time  bfing,  of  Nova  Scotia, 
do  forbear  to  pafs  any  granti,  under  the  fcal 
of  that  colony,  of  any  parcels  of  land  in  his 
majefty*!  ifland  of  St.  John,  unlefs  his  ma- 
jefiy't  order  in  council,  direAing  the  fame, 
fliall  hate  been  prodoced  to  him  on  or  before 
Che  ift  day  of  May,  1769. 

Fa  ID  AY,  July  I* 
In  a  great  ftorm,  at  night,  a  leaden  ftatue> 
in  the  garden  of  a  gentleman  at  Cam- 
berwell,  was  melted  by  lightening,  and 
reduced  to  a  heap  of  dro(s,— A  ftaclc  of  chim- 
nies  in  Red- Lion-Court,  Moorfieldt,  fell 
down,  fuppofed  to  hate  been  ftruck  by  light- 
ening, as  the  brick-work  was  ftrongly  cramp- 
ed with  iron,  but  luckily  no  perfon  was  hurt. 
—The  horfet  in  a  hackney  coach  took  fright 
by  the  lightening  in  Parliament*  ftreet,  by 
which  the  driver  was  thrown  from  his  box, 
and  received  a  dangerous  fia^ure  in  the  flculL 
—Mr.  Jacobfoo,  a  taylorof  Drury-Uoe,  was 
beat  down  by  the  ftorm  in  St.  Paufs  Church- 
yard; he  was  carried  home  immediately,  and 
kat  loft  the  ufc  of  his  left  fide.— It  "kindled  a 
fire  that  had  been  laid  feveral  weeks  in  the 
chamber  of  a  houfe  near  Red-lion-fquare. 
What  renders  this  accident  the  more  afto- 
ni(hing  isy  that  no  body  was  fen6ble  of 
it  till  the  maid  waked  by  the  crackling  of 
the  wood,  about  fix  o*clock  in  the  morning, 
—A  waiter,  who  drew  beer  a^  the  Barley 
Mow  in  Thames-ftreet,  was  ftruck  blind  by 
the  lightening ;  his  face  was  much  fcorched, 
and  he  was  otherwife  much  hurt  i  he  was 
carried  to  St.  BarthoIomew*8  hofpital. — A 
snan  returtung  from  Brentford  to  Kenfington, 
was  ftruck  dead  by  the  lightening.  It  is  faid' 
two  men  were  ftruck  blind  in  the  fame  road, 
and  not  far  from  the  daceafed.— A  brkklay- 
cr*t  labourer,  as  he  was  going  through  To- 
thil  6elds,  tp  his  lodgings  in  the  Almonry- 
buildings,  Weftminfter,  was  beat  down  by  a 
fiafh  of  lightening,  and  thereby  loft  his  light 
totally,  and  the  ufe  of  his  right  fide.— The 
water  of  the  river  Thames  was  fo  much  dri- 
ven out  of  its  ufual  channel  above  bridge,  as 
Is  not  remembered  by  the  oldeft  man  Uvingi 


one  half  the  bed  of  the  river  remaining^  unco* 
vered  with  water,  two  tides. 

MOKDAY,    4. 

MeC  James  Bogle-French,  James  Joha- 
fton,  and  Gilbert  Roiii,  were  eleded  the  com* 
mittee  of  the  African-company,  for  London, 
for  the  year  enfuing. 

Thvisday,  7* 

Orders  were  iffoed  for  a  court  moumtng  for 
the  lata  queen  of  France,    to  commence  to 
the  loth  and  end  on  the  21ft. 
Monday,  ir. 

Juftice  Gillam  was  tried  at  the  Old«Bailey» 
.and  acquitted.     (See  p.  s6i.) 

James  Murphy  and  James  Duggan  were 
executed  at  Tyburn.  (See  the  13th  day.) 
They  died  Papifts. 

One  Cropp,  a  waterman,  was  murdered  by 
fome  gentlemen  at  Weftminfter- bridge.  The 
corooer*s  inqueft  brought  it  in  wilful  murder, 

WXDNKSDAY.    I3. 

Ended  the  feffions  at  the  Old-Bailey,  when 
John  Grainger,  Daniel  Clarke,  alias  Clarie, 
Richard  Cornwall,  Patrick  Lynch,  Tho. 
Murray,  Peter  Flaharty,  and  Nicholas 
M'Cabe,  coalheavcrs,  for  ftlooting  wilfidly 
at  Mr.  Green,  in  his  houfe  at  Shadwell,  (Ite 
p.  aay.)  Samuel  Crecraft  and  Patrick  Bourne^ 
for  an  highway  robbery,  and  Philip  Blake,  for 
(hooting  Phillis  £weo,  received  fentence  of 
death)  as  before  had  James  Murphy  and 
James  Duggan,  coalheavers,  for  the  murder 
of  John  Beatte,  who  were  executed  as  above. 
Twenty  Were  fenlenced  to  tranfportation  for 
feven  years,  four  to  be  branded,  and  five 
whipped.  Two  of  the  Manhon-houfc  rio- 
ters were  fenteoced  to  is.  fiae  each,  and  im- 
prifonment  in  Newgate  for  one  year.  At 
this  feft)on  twenty  convict,  who  at  former 
feffions  bad  received  judgment  of  death,  were 
fet  to  the  bar  and  acquitted  by  Mr.  Recorder, 
his  majefty  having  been  gr^tcioutly  pleafed  to 
grant  them  his  pardon  on  jhe  following  con« 
ditions,  which  they  with  all  chearfulnefs  ac- 
cepted, vis.  tranfportation  for  the  term  of 
their  natural  lives,  John  Page,  John  Abbott, 
Thomas  Mitcbiner,  Charlei  Davis,  Samuel 
Tudor,  JohnTinfey,  Thomas  J»mcs,  Ann- 
Harvey  TurAer,  William  Hamilton  alias 
Scholar,  John  Alders,  James  Bohannan,  and 
William  Johnfon:  The  foUowing  for  the 
term  of  fourteen  years,  Ann  Robmfon,  So- 
phia RevcU,  Philip  Clark,  Jofcph  Webb, 
and  John  Smith  t  And  for  the  term  of  feven 
year*,  Thomas  Windfor,  and  John-Jamet 
Pangrifliths. 

TnuasDAY,   14. 

The  workfhop  of  a  cabinet-maker,  with 
other  buildings,  in  Alderfgate-ftreet,  were 
confumed  by  fire  ;  damage  zo^oool, 

4  Four 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


382 


rbe  MONTH r.Y  CHRONOLOGER. 


Four  hoofetwere  alfo  cutiiumcd  ly  fire,  in 
Whiiel^rc  t,  Southwjtk. 

Friday,   15. 
Thr  coQTocatifn  K>i  Cancerb  'ry  and  York 
*  Wtre  fvrlbcr  protogotrd  to  Aug.  I2. 
boKPA  Y,  17. 
A  terrible  (hower  of  iiall  did  great  damage 
in  Rcor,  aod^llewbcre. 

Friday  21. 
^      Two  houfa   wcro   cooium^d  by  fire,   in 
Bunhiil  row. 

TiriiDAYt  16. 
The  CeTen  co-ilh cavers   were  ^aeetited  in 
Sun- Tavern- 6(lnf,  Shadwcil.     (See  p.  381.  j 

WsoHKIDAt,  S7. 

Pnilip  Biake»  was  executed  at  Tyburn. 
(See  p.  381.)  Cracroft  aad  Bouriv  were  ref- 
pittd.  Margaret  W^tts,  convided  in  April 
ieflion  but  lound  picga^nty  is  now  alfo  lef- 

,  pited. 

On  June  14,  aldtrmen  Halifax  and  Shake- 

~  fpcarc»  were  dcilcd  f^ifti  of  Luodoo  and 

'Middlefex. 

On  the  i;th  of  lad  May  came  oo  to  be 

*  tred,  before  Lord  Chief  Juftice  Wilmot,  in 
the  coi^rt  of  Coihmon-He-s,  Wcftmiofter,  a 
caufe,  wherem  it  appeared  that  ihc  pl«in- 
tifF  h^d  become  furcly  for  the  two  dcrcn- 
4a nts  debts,  previous  (o  an  ^(k  of  Bank- 
rupr<7r  for  which  the  defendants  had  uiidei- 
taken  to  indemnify  h  m^  but  havin^>  Ance 
th^r  undertaking,  become  ban'  ruptt,  an<l  ob- 

^tained  their  cerlificatCy  the  deferidants  then 
jrefufed  to  do  it  t  But  as  ai(  the  damages  I'uf- 

,tained  by  the  plaintiff  were  fubfequent  to  the 
(iefertdAnts  a£l  of  bankruptcy,  he  broKght  the 
prefcnc  a£tion  to  recover  a  fatisfa^^ion  lor  the 
fame}  and  though  the  defendants  pleaded 
their  certificate  in  bar  to  this  z&Xlv)^  yet 
the  jury  found  a  YcrdiA  for  the  rUintiil', 
and  gave  him  30^  1.  los.  damages :  But  his 
lord&tp  having  fomc  doubts  ot  the  hw  in 
point*  direded  a  fpecial  cafe  to  be  nuoc,  and 

.fignedby  the  council  on  both  fidci,  for  >he 
opinion  of  the  court  the  foiiuw«ng  term, 
'which  being  complied  with,  the  cafe  came 
on,  and  was  learnedly  argued  the  loih  day  of 
June  laf^,  by  cou-cil  on  both  fides  j  when  the 
court,  after  taking  fcveial  days  to  conlider  of 
the  fame,  were  pJcafcd  to  deliver  ihe.r  opi- 
nions in  favour  01  the  pialntifr'^  and  unani- 
wioufly  afBrmed  the  veidid  found  by  the 
jury. 

It  having  been  repreiented  to  the  king^ 
that  notwithftanding  the  well  adspted  plan, 
which  the  moft  principal  of  the  manuf sco- 
rers in  Spitalfields  are  at  thia  time  purluing, 
with  the  utmod  vigour,  for  (he  Leneftt  and 
.fatisfxAioo  of  their  journeymen  in  every 
branch  of  the  trade^  yet  a  great  number  ^f 
evil  difpofed  pcrfons>  armed  with  piOoh, 
CtttlaiTes,  and  oth^r  offeniive  weapoof,  and  in 
difguife,  affembled  themfelves  together  about 
the  hour  of  twelve,  in  the  nigiit  of  the  a6ih 
day  of  the  laft  mouthy  and  broke  open  and 


July 


entered  the  dwelling- ho ufei  and  (hops  of  fere* 
ral  journeymen  weavers  jn  xnd  near  Spital* 
fields  iforefald,  and,  after  patting  there  in 
corporal  fear  and  danger  of  their  lives,  cot  to 
pieces  and  deftroyed  ^be  filk  works  then  mx- 
nutafturiog  in  nine  difFcrer^*  loonw  there,  be- 
longing to  Mr.  fohn  Bapiift  Hebcrt,  of  Stew- 
ard-flreet,  ^  pitalfields,  the  damage  whereof 
is  very  coiiUdcrablc  :  Hi*  majcfty'a  moft  graei- 
otts  pardon,  and  a  revcard  of  two  hondred 
pounds,  are  ofTcred  for  ihc  di:covery  of  t^e 
o6Fehders. 

A  ptrdon  and  reward  of  xcoL  are  offered 
for  the  diicovcry  of  the  perfon  or  perfoBS, 
who  on  Jure  20,  robbed'  the  chambers  of 
Mr.  Thomas  Magfon^  of  the  loner  TdDple, 
of  X 252 1.^8.  &c. 

As  a  pi  oof  that  the  ufe  of  the  loom  is  not 
arrived  to  its  ire  ^/ai  vZrrtf.  an  ingenious  mecha- 
nic hat  lately  produced  two  ihiits  wove  from 
end  to  end,  the  one  plain^  the  other  ruffled, 
'But  what  is  pecuiiatly  furprifing  in  this  pro- 
duction, Vf  that  the  moft  minute  works  of 
the  fempflrefs  are  really  copied,  as  the  collar* 
wiifti,  guffctf,  without  a  fiogle  ftitch  of  the 
needle  througliout  the  wlidle,  but  fatrjy  wove, 
'  body,  n«reves,&c.  in  tlie  lo9tn,  from  the  web, 
without  the  ieati  lofs  in  cutting  the  cloth. 

Murders  and  robberies  have  not  been  few 
this  moMh  j  fuicide  has  been  frequently  perpe- 
trated, andvariuus  accident!  have  deprived  per* 
fons  of  their  lives  or  limbs. 

Among  rhe  various  etfe£lt  of  our  glorioyt 
'^William  the  third,  which,  in  his  difpuud 
foccefTion,  were  adjudged  to  the  family  of 
the  king  of  PruHia,  was  the  remarkable  Iw^id 
which  that  great  prince  wore  xt  the  battle  of 
the  Bayue.  Sum  hhrtatt's  was  engraven  on 
the  h^lt.  This  fword  the  king  of  Prufiia  hat 
dnt  22  a  prcfent  to  the  hereditary  prince  of 
BrunfvNirlc,  with  R  letter^  i%  which  it  it 
laid,  ^*  I  never  meafured  fwords  with  the 
French,  but  at  Rribach,  your  highnefs  h^ 
made  half  Germany  a  Rofiixch  to  tbem«** 

COPY  of  Mr,  Kx  AR  sl  t's  Affidavit, 
In  the  King's  Bench. 

The  king:' 

again/i 
John  Willter  Efc 

G£r)RGE  KEARSLY,  of  Ludgate  ftreet, 
Loudon,  bookfeller,  maktthoath,  and 
faith,  thaf  all  the  letters  from  John  Wilkes, 
Efqj  the  defendant,  dire^d  to  the  deponent, 
ani  which  were  produced  at  the  trial  of  the 
caul'r,  were  taken  from  out  of  this  deponent'i 
bureau  in  his  dwelliog-houfe,  and  from  oflP 
his  filers,  by  virtue  of  a  genetal  warrant  from 
one  of  bis  maje(ly*s  fecretaries  of  ftate,  £ir 
apprehending  and  feixing  the  authors,  printers 
,,and  puoli^ers  of  a  fedirious  and  treafooxblc 
paper,  entitled,  The  Ntrth  Britain.  No*  45 
together  with  tho/e  papers^  end  therebv, 
and  not  otherwifc  carried  ,to  his  majefty*a  te* 
crctaricB  of  fUte  xi  the  warrant  dirtied  j  and, 

the 


I  G 1  On   xn  Information   ier 
>     publifliing    The    Efftj 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.        The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER,  38^ 


the  deponent  Teriljr  beHe?ei  was  accordingly 
obeyed* 

GlO.KxARtLTi 

Swom  In  court  the  i6th 
Diyofjone,    1768. 

By  the  court. 

The  like  affidavit  was  mai?e  at  the  fame 
time  in  the  caofe  of  The  North  Briton, 
No.  45. 

At  the  affixes  at  Hertford  three  cntninals 
were  capitally  convifted  j  Abingdon  was  a 
maiden  aflize. 

Great  riots  ha?e  lately  happened  at  Borton 
as  Ltncolnfliire,  but  were  Toon  quelled. 

Iftorms  have  been  felt  in  many  parts  of 
England,  frc.  and  fome  perfons  have  loft 
lives  by  lightning. 

The  following  moft  meltncholf  accident 
happened  lately  at  Howgill,  near  Wigton, 
in  Cumberland:— One  George  Cape,  attend- 
inf  a  lime-kiln,  hating  occafion  to  ftep  upon 
the  top  of  it,  the  Hme-ftones  gateway,  and 
he  was  let  in  above  his  waift,  in  fuch  a  man- 
ner, that  though  he  had  kn  iron  crow  in  his 
hand,  he  could  render  himrdf  no  affiftanct : 
Soon  after,  feveral  people  attempted  10  re- 
.  leafe  him ;  but  the  more  they  endeavoured 
to  raife  him ;  the  ftoncs  ading  as  wedges, 
he  became  the  fafter,  irtfomuch  that  he  was 
obliged  to  remain  in  that  deplorable  fituation, 
growing  every  moment  irioie  fenfible  of  his 
approaching  diflblutton,  while  numbers  were 
crowding  round  him.  At  laft  he  a/ked  for  a 
litde  water,  which  being  brought,  he  drank 
it,  when  immedi-tely  h«  mourh  contracted, 
*  am)  he  foon  after  expired.  The  next  day  no 
remains  were  to  be  found  but  his  ikull. 

A  gentleman  at  Aberdeen  has  found  out 
the  following  method  ot  making  ycaft  :  —He 
look  a  green  oak,  feven  feet  long,  and  about 
two  lathes  diameter  at  the  root ;  after  6rip- 
ping  oflT  the  bark,  he  cauled  it  to  be 
twlfttd  tin  the  fibres  feparated  like  threads: 
he  then  coiled  it  up,  put  it  into  a  velTel, 
pouring  in  as  much  frefll  yeift  as  covered  ir^ 
and  left  it  to  foke  for  twbd*ytt  He  tMcn 
took  it  out,  and  hung  it  up  in  an  airy  g'Oret 
to  dry  for  about  three  months)  after  which 
he  took  it  down,  put  it  into  a  covered  veffcl, 
and  poured  in  a  few  pints  of  wort,  luke- 
warm \  in  eight  hours  the  woit  beoan  to  fer- 
ment, and  in  fixteen  hours  thereafter  he 
found  the  veflel  full  of  fine  frefh  barm  fit  for 
immediate  ofe.  The  coil  muft  be  hung  up 
again  to  dry,  after  uiing  it  as  above,  and  it 
will  retain  its  viitue  many  ye^rs. 

Writs  were  iflfued  on  June  21,  for  the  elec- 
tion  of  a  new  parliament  in  Ireland. 

The  meeting  of  the  Irlih  parliament  is 
prorogued  to  Sept.  6. 

We  hear  from  Conne£licut  in  New-Eng- 
land, that  they  have  lat'ely  found  out  in 
the  woods  the  true  farfaparilla  root.  A  bar- 
rel-full  of  that  ciHcacibus  root,  about  thirty 
poondt    weight,   has  been  juil  fent  to  the 


focle'y  of  arts  and  ftiencrs  in  confequenre'of 
premiums  offered  by  that  fociety,  and  advcx - 
tifed  in  the  public  paprrs. 

There  has  ben  lately  feat  over  from  Que 
bee  fome  curious  ipecim  ns  of  white  iron  ore 
difcovcred  in  that  couniry.  -This  kind  of 
mineral  very  much  attrafts  the  attention  of 
the  curious,  as  iron  ore  is  very  feldom,  or  ever, 
found  of  that  colour. 

A  congief'  with  1200  Indians,  at  Fort  Pitt, 
i«  fatiifaftoriiy  concluded  by  Col,  Croghan, 
by  which  the  late  murders  committed  in  Pcn- 
filvania  are  bu  ied,  and  the  chiin  of  peace 
brghtened  between  them  and  our  colonies. 

Charles  Town,  South- Carolina,  May  31* 
From  Waxaws,  about  twelve  miles  from  the 
Catawba  fetilement,  we  have  the  following 
account.  On  Sunday  May  ifl,  the  Catawba 
Indians  had  notice  that  a  party  of  the  Shawa- 
nefe  who  have  been  long  their  enemies,  had 
been  feen  near  their  town,  on  which  I'hey 
immediately  raifed  a  party  to  go  Out  againft  the 
enemy,  with  whom  they  came  up  next  morn* 
ing,  and  found  them  to  be  feven  in  number, 
and  all  Hfleep  ;  the  Catawbas  immediately 
fired,  and  killed  three  on  the  fpot,  and  took 
three  prifonersj  One  efcaped  wounded,  but 
has  ft  lice  been  found  dead  in  the  woods* 
Among  the  prisoners  is  the  Indian  whokill:d 
King  Haggler  \  they  we^e  all  delivered  to  the 
familiei  who  have  had  their  relations  killed 
by  the  Shawanefe,  who  put  them  to  deatli 
in  the  .nhuman  barbarous  manner,  co.nmon 
to  the  Indian  naticni.  One  of  the  prilo  era 
was  very  young,  and  pleaded  hard  for  his  life, 
begging  them  to  confider  his  tender  age, 
aduring  them  he  was  brought  up  by  hie 
brother  againft  his  own  i  il'nat'ons,  and  that 
he  had  never  killed  or  hurt  any  body  j  but 
nothing  could  prevail. 

ExtraEl  of  a  Letter  from  Bofton,  (New- Eng- 
land) dated  June  20. 

<*  A  fewdayi*  ago  a  fhjilop  laden  with  wine 
arrived  in  this  port  j  it  'was  never  properly 
entercH  at  the  cuflom-houfe  but  as  ufual  a 
tide-waiter  went  onboard  The  capcain  in 
vain  ta.Tipered  with  the  tide-waiter  to  betray 
his  truft;  he  therefore  had  recourfe  to  viohnt 
methods,  and  forcing'the  iiae-wa»ter  into  the 
c.tbin,  locked  him  up.  In  the  mean  time 
he  unloaded  the  Ihal  op  without  oppofitioa« 
The  captain  over  heating  himfdf  Irf  the  ex- 
ploit, died  in  a  few  hours.  Alterward»,  with- 
out any  proper  notice  being  given  at  the  cuf- 
tom-houie,  oil  was  put  on  board.  The  veffcl 
was  therefore  feized  by  Mr.  H.rrifon  the  col- 
lef^or,  and  Mr.  Holwell  the  comp'rJler,  and 
for  her  better  fecurity,  was  put  along  fide  the 
R  toney  man  of  war,  lying  in  this  "harbour, 
t  il  the  affiir  could  t)e  determined  by  a  court 
of  A'Imiralty,  But  in  the  mean  time  a  mob 
afTcnibled,  beat  Mr.  Harrifon  and  hu  fen,  and 
Mr.  HoUell,  fo  that  they  narrowly  efcaped 
with  their  lives.  Mr.  Irwin,  the  infpeApr  of 
exports  and  imports,  was  hkeirife  affaolted 

and 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


384         fte  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.  July 


mnd  ha4  hit  fword  bfoke.  But  it  did  not  end 
Bere  {  the  mob  Icised  a  vciy  fine  plcaTure 
boat  c  f  Mr.  Hanifon*t,  diaggcd  it  through 
the  ftraetty  and  at  laft  burnt  it  before  Mr. 
Hancock*!  door.  Thej  like  wife  did  confi- 
detable  damage  to  the  houfe  of  Mt.  Williamty 
the  infpe^^or-geoeral.  In  tbii  fituation,  the 
commiffioneri  and  othert  bcloogiof  to  the 
office,  for  their  own  fecurity,  went  on  board 
the  man  of  wAr»  and  are,  for  the  convenienqr 
of  carrying  on  their  bofineO,  8<^ng  to  CAftle- 
IViliiam,  a  fortified  place  on  a  Imall  ifland 
facing  the  town,  till  they  arc  properly  prt>* 
tcded  by  a  military  force,  which  it  is  ima- 
gined will  foon  arriTe  from  Halifax  or  New- 
York.  The  inhabitants  have  had  fevcrai 
meetiogfy  and  the  generality  of  tbeni  are  de- 
termined to  oppofe  the  impofcd  duties.  They  . 
ba?e  aAualiy  declared,  that  the  commifllo- 
ners  (kail  never  again  come  aibore.  In  (hort, 
we  feem  to  be  on  the  eve  of  a  general  infur- 
re^on ;  all  owing  to  the  turbulent  fpirit  of 
popularity  ia  feme  principal  men  in  the  town, 
who  lead  on  the  implicit  mob  bawling  lii>trty^ 
who  at  the  fame  time  cannot  fee  that  they 
are  forming  their  own fettcn*  What  appro- 
bation thefe  procceedingi  will  mcft  with  on 
jour  fide  the  water,  I  am  at  a  loft  to  fay  j  but 
unlefi  ibmething  be  fpeedily  done  to  eniforce 
law,  nniTerfal  anarchy  and  confuficn  mnft 
enfue." 

Governor  Rogers,  of  Michillimacldnac  it 
btought  to  New  York  in  Irons.  He  was  go- 
ing to  betray  his  government,  to  murder  the 
officers,  and  give  op  the  fortrels  of  Detroit  to 
the  French. 

One  of  the  Paris  news  papers  gives  an  ac« 
Cocntof  an  extraordinary  cure,  efieded  by  the 
gall  of  a  barbel,  in  a  cafe  of  blindnefi,  in  fub- 
ftance  as  follows  s  Ajouroeyman  watchmaker 
named  Cenfier,  having  heard  that  the  gall  of 
a  barbel  was  the  remedy  which  Tobias  em- 
ployed to  cure  his  father's  blindnefs,  refoived 
to  try  its  eifc^s  on  the  widow  Germain  hia 
mother  in  law,  wbofe  eyes  had  for  fix  months 
been  afflicted  with  ulcers,  and  covered  with 
a  film,  which  rendered  her  totally  blind  t 
Cenfier  having  obtained  the  gall  of  that  fifli, 
fqucetcd  the  liquor  out  of  it  into  a  vial,  and 
in  the  evening  he  rubbed  it  with  the  end  of 
a  feather  into  his  mother*s  eyes.  It  gave  her 
great  pain  for  about  half^  an  hour,  which 
abated  by  degrees,  and  ber  eyes  watered  very 
much  s  next  morning  (he  could  not  open  them, 
the  water,  as  it  were,  glued  her  eyes  up  }  he 
bathed  them  with  pure  water,  and  /he  began 
to  fee  with  the  eye  which  had  rrceived  the 
moft  liquor.  He  ufed  the  gall  again  in  the 
evening:  the  inflammation  difperfed,  the 
white  of  her  eyes  became  red,  their  colour 
returned  by  degrees,  and  her  fight  became 
firong.  He  repeated  it  i  third  timCk^  with 
all  the  defired  fuccefs.  In  ftiort,  the  reco- 
vered fier  fight  without  any  other  remedy. 
The  widow  Germain  is  in  her  fifty  third 
year.    She  had  been  proaouoced  blind  by  the 


furgeootof  theHotelDieui  and  her  blind- 
neia  and  cure  have  been  attefled  by  order  o^ 
the  lieutenant  general  of  police)  ihe  feet 
ilronger  and  clearer  now  than  before  the  acci- 
dent. The  gall  of  the  barbel  hat  fincebecn  pot 
on  the  eyei  of  a  dog  and  a  cat  I  they  appeared 
immediately  to  fed  acnte  pain,  and  their 
eyes  were  infiamed  for  three  days  j  but  after- 
warda  returned  to  their  aatural  flate.    £i^i§» 


Maiixaobi  tad  BiaTNt. 

MA  Y  c.  CapC.  Murray  was  aarried  to 
Mift  Remnant— Wm.  Senior,  kfqj  to 
Mtfs  Walter^i.  Mr.  fiell,  to  Miia  Hagcn— 
23.  Rt.  hon.  Earl  Cower,  to  Lady  Solanna 
Stuart,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Galloway- 
George  Canning,  Efqj  to  Miis  Cofielloi— 30. 
Anthony  Fountayne-Eyrc,  Efqj  to  Mifs  So- 
fanna  Prefcott->Rev.  Dr.  Parker,  to  Milt. 
Whitwell— Edward  GyUart,  Efq)  to  Mifs 
Prince. 

April  ay.  Lady  Laigham,  was  delivered 
of  a  daughter—May  3.  Hon.  Mie.  Venablct 
Vernon,  of  a  daughter— Countefs  of  Dom^ 
of  a  daughter— Conntofs  of  Thanet  of  a 
daughter— Mr^.  Franks  of  Mark-Lane,  of  a 
daughter— 13.  Lady  Qrofvenor  of  a  fon— 14* 
Mrs.  Coulton,  of  Berkley-fireet,  of  a 
danghter— f6.  Countefs  of  Barry  more  of  a 
daughter— x8.  Lady  Hinchinbroke  of  a 
daughter— ty.  Lady  Harriet  Cooyers  of  a 
daughter— Mrs.  Naylor,  of  New  Bondftrcet^ 
of  a  fon. 

June  2.  Powell  Snell,  jonr.  Eiqj  was 
married  to  Milii  Philips,  a  asoool.  fortoiK— 
13.  Hon.  Mr.  Hampden-Trevor,  to  Mifs 
Creeme,  only  daughter  of  Major- Gen. 
Greemc— fti.  Wm.  White^  Efq;  to  Miia 
Hopkins— aa«  Rev.  Dr.  Horne,  to  Mil's  Bur- 
ton—Wm.  Bowles,  E^}  to  Mifs  Nightin- 
gall— Johi^  Newman,  Efq^  to  Mifs  Jeken— 
Sam.  Gibbf,  Efq}  to  Mrs.  Martin— Com- 
miffioner  Rogers,  of  Plymouth,  to  Mrs.  Do- 
rell— Wm.  Heathcote,  Efq;  eldeft  fon  of  Sir 
Thomas,  of  Hurfley,  hart,  to  MSfs  Thorpe— 

Jooe  5.  Lady  of  hon.  Charles  Yorke,  was 
delivered  of  a  fon  and  heir  - 11 .  Countefs  of 
Dalhoufie,  of  a  daughter— 14.  Dutchefs  of 
Portland,  of  a  fon. 

Lately  married.  Richard  Hopkins,  Efq;  to 
Mifs  York— John  Cheere,  Efq;  to  Mifs  WU- 
mott— Daniel  Crofts,  Efqj  to  Mifs  Hunt. 

July  5.  Sir  Thomas  Champneys,  hart. 
was  married  to  Mifs  Cox  daughter  of  Richard 
Cox,  Efqi— John  Kenrick  Efq;  a  ftamp 
commiffioner,  to  Mifs  GyfTord— 11.  Sir  John 
Palmer,  hart,  to  Mifs  Googh,  danghter  of 
Sir.  Harry  Gough—  24,  Earl  of  Cornwallis, 
to  Mifs  Jones. 

Lately.  John  Simpfon,  of  Newcaflle,  Efqi 
to  Lady  Artne  Lyon— Francis  Tweedel,  Efqi 
to  Mifs  Weffgatth— Earl  of  Charlemoont, 
to  Mifs  Hickman— Eail  of  Abingdon,   to 

Mi's 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


l?6S. 


DEATHS. 


385 


Miff  Warren,  daufth^er  of  the  hte  «dm.  Sir 
Peer  VVirrcn— Wm.  Sherloclc,  E'qj  lo  Mifi 
Pakcnhaip,  fiHcc  of  Lord  LoDgford — Wm. 
Mabbott,  Eujj  to  Mifi  Frances  Courthorpe— 
Georpc  Glyn,  Efqj  fon  of  .Sir  Richirrd,  to 
Mtis  Lewis. 

July  a.  Mrs.  Cave,  of  Newmia-flreet, 
was  dclivitcd  of  a  daughter— 20.  Ciuoiefi  of 
Darnlcy  of  a  daughter. 


DEATHS' 

APRIL*5.  Vanfitart  Hudfon.  Efq;— 
26.  Dspury  John  Wallington,  of  Crip, 
plegate  ward— Jobn  Gitton,  Efq;  a  judge, 
in  Barbidocs— a6.  Rt.hon.  coantcts  of  Rofi— 
X%,  Hon.  Mifs  Verney,  daughter  of  Lord 
Wiiloughby  de  Broke- 
May  -.  George  Toropkyni,  of  Hereford- 
(hire,  EVqj-John  Timbrill,  of  Worcefter- 
Airc,  Efq;— 5  H^nry  Divenanr,  of  Dulwich, 
Efqj-y.  Juftice  BaUk,  of  the  Strand— 9. 
Boooei  Thorrrton,  E  q;  well  known  by  bis 
ingenious  poetical  and  other  produfltont — 
j8.  John  Dtloie,  Efqj— ao.  Rt.  hon.  Lady 
Cadogin— ai.  Lady  of  Sir  H«rry  St.  John, 
bart,— 33.  Chriftopbcr  Beft,  ofSt.  JamesV 
flrect,  Eiq;-a9.  Rc».  Dr.  Jabcx  Earlc,  an 
eminent  diflenting  tnlnifter. 

In  April  and  May.  Lady  Mary  Rooker, 
of  Thames  Difson—Chriftophfr  Scaodrett, 
Hamlet  Fair-child,  John  Maynard,  E'q; 
and  Mr.  Hugh  Perry,  allot  Barbadoes-Lady 
Margarei  Ingham,  daughter  of  the  late  The- 
ophilus,  earl  of  Huntingdon— Paul  du  Caffc, 
cf  Soho,  Efq;— Rear  admiral  Wm,  Gor- 
don—John A&bumham,  Efq;  fon  of  the 
biftiop  of  Caichefter— Hon.  Lieut.  Gen. 
James  Stewart,  col.  of  the  7th.  rcg.  of  foot 
and  fon  of  J^in^s,  late  earl  of  Gallow*y— 
Lord  Gei-rge  Beaucleik,  lieut.  gen.  col.  o^  the 
19th.  reg.  of  foot,  and  member  for  Windsor— 

iohn  Bnftowc,  of  the  Grove,  bockf,  Efqj  — 
is,  Elizabeth  Whitehead,  of  Htmpftcid 
aged  ninety-tw'o,  who  ncrcr  enjoyed  a  finglc 
djy  of  health— Rer.  Dr.  Stedthan,  prebendary 
of  Canterbury,  &c.  &:.— Robert  Harrifon, 
Efq;  fecretary  to  the  late  bi(ho?  Hoogh— Ro- 
bert Baynton,  Efq;  a  Weft-India  merchant- 
Robert  Black(haw,  of  Cambcr*e.l,  Efq;— 
Mr.  John  Green?,  a  difleniing  miniftir — Mr. 
Hart,  a  learned  diffcuting  miniflcr— Rev. 
Dr.  Bland,  thcoMe*^  prebendary  of  Durham, 
&c.— Rt.  hon.  Eirl  of  Dalkeith,  infant  fon 
of  thcdokc  of  Buccl-'ugh— Lady  of  the  hon. 
Charles  How*id,  of  Greyftock,  Efq;— 
Samuel  Leightonhrtufe,  of  Bed  ford- Row, 
El'q;— Mr.  Richard  Pcaifun,  printer  at  Bii- 
xningham. 

June  5.  George  Cook,  Efq;  member  for 
Mjddhfx,  paymaftcrofrhe  forces,  &i.— Mr. 
Blazden,  of  Snow-hill,  an  enment  furg'-on — 
S.  Andrew  Millar,  Efq;  U.e  a  ?cry  eminent 
bookfcl!er — 10.  Burton  Lanplcy,  of  Bloom- 
ibury.  Efq;— XI.  Benjamin  D.;mon,  of  Ma- 
July,  1768, 


ryland-point,  Efq;— Rt.  hon,  Lady  Ba- 
thurft-^4.  James  Short,  M.  A.  F.  R.  S.— 
Hon.  Thoows  Arun:iel,  uncle  of  Lord  Arun- 
del of  Wardour-Her  grace,  Eliaabeib,  dut- 
chcfs  dowager  of  Dorfet— 21.  Mifs  Limb, 
daughter  of  Sir  Matthew  Lamb,  bart.— ai. 
Philip  Henry  Cluffc.  Efq;  an  old  officer  in 
the  army— Jacob  Peiccval,  Efq;  barrifter  at 
law— 16.  Thomu  Ford,  Efq;  deputy  cleric 
of  arraigns  of  the  city  of  London— 19.  R'» 
hon.  Harry,  earl  of  Stamford. 

In  June.  George  Heatbcote,  Efq;  formerly 
alderman,  and  lord  mayor  pf  L>ndon,  and  • 
patriotic  member  for  that  city— Major  Mat- 
thews fon  of  the  late  admiral— James  Reg- 
rcir,  of  Vauxball,  Efq;— John  Pickerir.g, 
Efq;  formerly  lieut.  gov.  of  Tortola— Da- 
niel Fcnwick,  of  Berki.  E^q;— Hon.  John 
Cornwallii,  uncle  of  the  carl— Wm.  Jariffen, 
Efq;  brother  of  the  chamberlain- Richard 
A(hby,  Efq;  timbcf-merchant— Mrs.  Style- 
man,  daughter  of  Sir  Nicholas  L'Eflrange, 
bart.  and  the  laft  of  that  family— Rev.  Mr. 
Sam.  Fancourt,  a  diffcnting  m'nifter— Jamet 
Dubourdieu,  Efq;  and  old  officer  in  the  ar* 
my— Jofeph  LowndeS.  of  the  Ifle  of  Wight, 
Efq;— Mifs  Charlotte  Lowth,  daughter  of 
the  biibop  of  Oxford- Ckar let  Pratley,  of 
Chancery. lane,  Efq;-Hon.  Robert  Lane, 
only  fon  of  Lord  Bingley— Philip  Ofter- 
ley,  of  Yorkfhirc,  Efq,— On  June  29.  Wil- 
liam Canwtighi,  of  Aynhcc,  in  Northamp- 
tonfhire,  E'q;-John  Payt:e,  of  Cheflcr, 
Efq;— Tho.  Piggut  of  Charlow,  Berks,  Efqj 
—Meredith  Jones,  Efq;  laic  a  Turkey  mer- 
chant—Rtv.  Mr.  Doughty,  minifter  of  St. 
Jamri,  Clerkfnwell. 

July  4.  Rev.  Mr.  Moore,  reftor  of  Sf. 
Bartholomew  the  Great,  &c.— 1 1  Mafter  Ed- 
ward Harley,  on'y  fon  of  the  lord  mayor— 
18.  Mrs.  Na(h,  wife  of  the  alderman. 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 

CONSTANTINOPLE,  May,  17.  In  the 
night  betwfcen  the  5ih  and  6th  inAanr, 
a  fire  broke  out  in  the  Jews  quarter,  wMch 
deftroyed  upwards  of  150  houfes 

Riga,  June  27.  The  day  before  yeiletdayt 
about  two  in  the  afternoon,  a  fire  broke  out 
in  tbi>  city  and  contmoed  till  ten  at  night, 
at  which  r  me  370  houfes  were  reduced  to 
aftjcs.  Combuftible  materials  were  found  in 
fcveral  parts  of  the  town,  which  give  ua 
re>f.  i  to  f<ar,  that  thi»  melanciKly  event 
wa«  not  accidental. 

Warfaw,  June  8.  Y^ftcrday  advice  wat 
brought  here,  that  Col.  We-illhian,  after  de- 
feating Count  Paocki,  purfucd  him  into 
Moldavia,  pretty  far  withia  the  Tyrkifh  ter- 
ritories j  ihat  the  Baflia  of  the  fortreflcs  in 
the  neighboorhood  fcnt  him  word,  that  he 
■fted  contrary  lo  the  trcatcs  with  Ruflia,  by 
entering  with  an  armed  force  into  any  of  the 
provinces  of  the  Ultoman  cmpiicj  adding, 
^      C  c  c  that 


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386 


FOREIGN     AFFAIRS. 


July 


that  the  port  had  already  been  informed  of  it,  . 
and  that  he  now  cautioned  him  not  to  advance 
any  farther,  other  wile  he  would  draw  it*8 
troops  upon  him.  The  colonel,  in  hit  dif- 
patchei  to  prince  Rcpnin,  excufes  himfelf  by 
hit  ignorance  in  regard' to  the  limits;  but 
it  is  fear.d  this  midake  may  be  attended 
wirh  ferious  confequences,  inafmuch  as 
-  Count  Fotccki  was  permitted  by  the  Turks 
to  pafs  into  Moldavia  without  any  obftruc- 
tion,  by  means  whereof  he  had  joined  the 
confederates  at  Bar,  and  fince  obtained  a  very 
confiderable  advantage  over  General  Apraxio. 
(Seep.  330,  331.) 

Warfaw,  June  18.  The  day  before  yefter- 
day  advice  was  brought  here  that  the  Ruf- 
fians had  beaten  the  confederates  of  Great 
Poland,  under  the  command  of  the  Sievr 
Raydzinflci,  and  in  number  about  3000, 
part  of  which  had  efcaped  ints  Silefia;  and 
that  on  this  occjfion  the  town  of  Pifdry  was 
reduced  to  aHies. 

The  king  has  fcnt  to  each  of  the  Sena- 
tors, an  Univcrfalia  for  the  holding  of  the 
approaching  dyet,  and  others  are  actually 
diipatching  to  all.  the  Palatinates,  that  in 
their  dyetines  are  to  eleft  deputies  to  that  af- 
fembly. 

On  the  loth  of  this  month  the  trcafury 
gave  publick  notice,  that  a  pardon  will  be 
granted  to  the  marfhal  of  the  confederacy  of 
Great  Poland,  and  all  his  parti  fans,  provided 
they  furrender  in  three  weeks,  and  make 
fubminion  for  their  fault. 

Warfaw,  July  2.  At  Bar,  1163  men 
were  madeprifoners  ;  and  forty- feven  cannon 
were  found,  befrdes  five  colours,  and  a  quan- 
tity of  ammunition  and  provifions.     (Seep. 

AUer  this  check,  the  Generals  Krafinfki 
and  Potocici  retired  to  Mohilow,  and  formed 
a  new  confederacy  at  PofTorowo,  a  fmall 
toflvn  in  the  palatinate  of  Biclflc}  whereupon 
General  Aptaxin  fent  a  body  of  troops  thither. 
The  confedeiates,  who  at  firft  offered  to  ca- 
pitulate, defended  themfelves  fome  time, 
but  at  lad  furrendertd  at  difcretion.  They 
amounted  to  three  hundred. 

Danizig,  July  6.  Ytftetday  advice  was 
brought  that  the  Ruffians  have  not  only  pof- 
fefled  thcmfclvcs  of  the  town  of  Brzedeyck- 
20W,  and  the  Cloyfter  of  Kloofleibourg,  in 
the  latter  of  which  wCre  1500  of  the  confe- 
derates un^CT  the  command  of  Young  Pu- 
lawiky,  who  all  fu/rendcrcd  at  ailcrttion; 
but  that  they  have  alfo  taken  the  town  of 
Bar  by  affaulr.  But  for  the  intercefnun  too 
of  the  king,  the  city  of  Cracow  would  bjr 
this  ha/e  been  reduced  to  afhes. 

Vienna,  June  21.  Letters  from  Trlefle 
inform  us  of  the  depl  rable  and  cruel  end  of 
the  Abbe  Wii)ckelman,  who  had  acquired 
very  great  reputation  by  his  various  refcarches 
into  the  Grecian  and  Roman  antiquities. 
Having  paucd  fomc  time  u  QUi  city,   where 


he  met  with  a  moft  honourable  reception  by 
all  perfons  of  diftinc^ioo,  he  had  let  out  from 
hence  loaded  with  favours  by  our  moti  auguft 
fovereign.     The   Emprefs  Q^ecn   had  given 
him,  among  other  prefcnts,    three  medals  of 
gold  having   the  imprclTion  of  the   late  em- 
peror Francis,  of  her  imperial  and  royal  mi- 
jefly,    an4  of  the  reigning  emperor.     When 
arrived  at  Triefte,   he  unfortunately  could  not 
meet  a  (hip  to  return  to  Rome,  where  he  had 
fixed  his  refidence,  he  was  therefore  obliged 
to  Aay  fome  days  at  an  inn  where  another 
paffenger  lodged,-  who  infinuated  himfelf  into 
the  good  graces  of  the  Abbe  by  hit   polite 
behaviour,    and  gained  his  friendftiip.     One 
morning,  at  10  o'clock,  coming  into  theAbbeV 
chamber,  he  requeued  him  to  ihew  him  the 
three  medals  above-mentioned.     When  Mr. 
Winckelman  was  employed   in  opening  the 
box  in  which  they  were  depofited,  the  perfi- 
dious villain  threw   a   cord  with   a  running 
knot  round  his  neck  ;  but  the  knot  flopping 
at  the  chin,  the  aifaflin  gave  him  feven  fiaba 
with  a  knife.     The  buAle  which  this  occa- 
fioned,    drew  thither  a  valet   de    cbambre» 
whom  the  murderer  feized    by  the  throat, 
and  threw  him   with   fuch  violence   agaioft 
the  ground  that  he  lofl  his  fen fes;  he  then 
made  his    efcape.     Mr.    Winckelman   died 
the  fame  evening,  having  iirfl  made  his  will, 
and  appointed  Cardinal  Albaot  his   executor. 
Before  he  expired,  he   de  fired   fome  pevibnt 
prefent  to  convey,  by  fome  means,  his  fenti- 
ments  of  refpe£t  and  gratitude  to  the  emprefs 
queea,    the  prince   de   Caunitz,    and    fome 
o'.her  noblemen.     [The   murderer   has  fmce 
been  apprehended  on  the  borders  of  Carniola, 
is  con^ned  at  Triel)e,  and  is  a  native  of  Tof- 
cany.] 

Berlin,  June  ij.  We  hear  from  Landf- 
perg  on  the  Wartc,  that  a  great  fire  hap- 
pened there  the  31ft  uJr.  which  in  three 
hours  confumed  255  bu<ldings,  including 
(lablea  and  barns;  that  a  church  was  like- 
wife  burnt  down  j  that  eight  perfons  were  loft 
in  the  fiamei ;  and  that  feveral  more  have 
died  of  the  hurts  they  received. 

Hanover.  June  14.  The  king  of  Den- 
mark  feems  to  be  greatly  pleared  in  this  city, 
fo  attentive  are  the  miniOers  and  generals  to 
render  hi^  (lay  as  agreeable  as  poifible.  Thia 
monarch  fet  out  yeftcrday  for  Pyrmont.  (See 
p.  3  V)  [His  majcfly  has  fince  viiited  ihe 
H*gue,  Amflerdam,  and  other  places  of  the 
United  Provinces,  under  the  title  of  prince  of 
TravenJahl,  and  every  polTible  honour  has 
^  been  fiicwii  him.] 

Hamburgh,  June  17.  By  the  treaty  latrlf 
conclu^Jed  between  this  city  and  the  two 
courts  of  Holrtein,  this  city  is  acknowledged 
to  be  an  imperial  and  free  city  ;  and  has  alfo 
acquired  feveral  pmogatives  relating  to  ita 
territory,  ak  well  as  to  navigation  and  com* 
merce. 
C(?i(c,  June  4*    The  French  inyafion  of 

thit 


ik^  ». 


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1768. 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 


387 


this  ifland  is  now  no  longer  doubtful.  At 
the  opening  of  the  General  Confulta  for  this 
year,  our  magnanimous  chi-f  Paoli  made  a 
noble  harangue  j  in  whicn  he  recapitulated 
the  proceedings  in  the  laft  General  Cpnlulta, 
when  a  treaty  of  accommodation,  by  the  in- 
tcrpofition  of  France,  was  agitated.  He  fpokc 
with'  uncommon  fjirlt,  jet  with  a  proper 
temper.  He  clearly  (hewed  that  the  French, 
after  amufing  our  nation  with  fair  pretences, 
had  in  the  end  proved  intirely  deceitful.  And 
they  being  now  to  come  againft  us  with  hof- 
tile  intentions,  his  excellency  moved  to  the 
people  to  refolve  upon  fuch  meafures  as  they 
ihould  judge  proper  for  fo  trying  an  occafion. 

It  is  unnecefTjry  to  defcribc  the  feelings  of 
the  nation  in  confrquence  of  this  animating 
harangue.  It  is  Sufficient  to  fay,  that  we  are 
all  ready  fo  facrifice  ourfelvcs  ftr  LIBERTV 
and  INDEPENDENCY.  And  if  France  docs 
not  fend  a  very  great  force  againft  us,  flie  will 
xneetwi'h  more  refiftance  than  fhe  probably 
expe£^s*.  If  indeed  that  great  nation  /hall 
exert  all  her  power  to  crufh  our  little  ftaic, 
and  no  other  nation  (hall  give  us  any  fupporty 
we  muft  fall   a  racri(ice  to  tyranny. 

There  are  many  among  us  who  imagine 
that  Great  Britain  is  not  inattentive  to  the 
operations  of  the  French  :  And  as  we  under- 
lland  that  there  is  a  geoerout  fpiiit  for  our 
caufe  in  the  people  of  England,  we  are  not 
without  hopes  of  affidance  from  that  quarter. 

Leghorn,  June  25.  They  write  from  Cor- 
fiea,  that  General  Paoii,  being  refolved  to 
pu(h  on  the  war  vigoroufly,,  vifited  conftant- 
ly  all  his  advanced  p^As;  that  his  guard  was 
compofed  of  a  ihoufand  volunteers ;  that  the 
ftudents  of  the  univerfity  of  Cone  had 
joined  and  formed  a  corps,  which  was  to 
hold  itfelf  in  readinefs  to  march  wherever 
there  (hould  be  moft  danger ;  and  that  the 
diflrjdl  of  Centuri  had  offered  to  arm  the 
youth  of  that  country  for  the  defence  of  the 
common  caufe.  Thefe  advices  add,  that  fre- 
quent defertions  began  to  reign  among  the 
French  troops,  and  that  the  Corftc  n  ofHceri 
in  the  pay  of  his  moil  chriftian  majefty,  had 
refolved  to  quit  the  fervice,  rather  than  fight 
againft  their  countrymen.     (See  p.  331.) 

Genoa,  June  4.  The  following  are  the  ar- 
ticles agreed  on  between  France  and  the  re- 
public, touching  the  cellion  of  Corfica. 

I.  The  Republic  of  Genoa  cedes  the  king- 
dom of  Corfica,  together  with  its  fortreftes, 
to  France,  the  latter  paying  in  money  for  the 
artillery  and  warlike  ftores,  according  to  a 
valuation  which  (hall  be  made  of  them.— - 
II.  The  fovereignty  of  that  iflind  (hail  al- 
ways remain  veHed  in  the  republic— -III. 
Every  perfon  (hall  be  prefervcd  in  his  effe£^«, 
on  proving  the  right  he  has  to  them.— IV. 
The  Corficani  (hall  be  ^eemed  fubje£t8  of 
France,  fo  long  at  the  latter,  continues  in  pof- 


fcflion  of  that  ifle.— V.  France  (hall  be  obli- 
ged to  maintain  there  fixtccn  battalioni^ 
VI.  France  (hall  guaranty  the  Genocfe  c^- 
merce  againft  the  Corfican  and  Barbary 
cruifers.  — VII.  In  cafe  the  Republic  (hould 
be  defirous  of  refuming  again  the  pofTcflion 
ot  that  kingdom,  it  (hall  repay  to  France  all 
the  charges  that  crown  (hall  have  been  &C 
by  that  time,  for  which  purpofe  an  exadt  ac- 
count (hall  be  kept  of  all  the  latter  have  ad- 
vanced, and  likcwifc  of  the  revenues  it  (hail 
have  collc^ed.— VIII.  The  king  (h^ll  bc- 
ftow  in  property  on  the  Republic,  the  fove- 
reignty of  the  ifle  of  Caprxa. — This  tieaty 
contains  beGdcs  three  fecret  articles. 

Rome,  July  2.  The  government  has  aug- 
mented ihe  troops  which  do  duty  on  the  bor- 
ders of  the  Ecctcfiaflical  State,  and  no  ftran- 
ger  is  to  be  admitted  to  pafs.  till  he  (hall  tell 
h'l  name,  and  the  caufe  that  brings  him  thi- 
ther. Cardinal  Negroni  is  appointed  to  treat 
with  the  miniibrs  of  France,  Spain,  and 
Naples. 

Lifbon,  June  11.  On  the  pthinftant,  near 
half  an  hour  paft  two  o'clock  in  the  afttr- 
noon,  a  very  (mart  (hock  of  an  earthquake 
was  felt  in  this  city,  which  created  fuch  an 
alarm,  that  many  people  ran  out  of  their 
houfes  into  the  flreets  j  but  it  has  done  no 
damage. 

Laval  in  France,  May  2$.  On  the  7th  in- 
ftanr,  about  half  alter  ten  at  night,  at  which 
time  the  (ky  was  daik,  the  ar  warm  and 
little  wind,  a  luminous  bear  appeared  on  the 
north-weft  fide  of  the  town,  with  a  tail  ve- 
ry long,  and  a  little  bent,  extending  towards 
the  north.  The  next  morning,  about  fix 
o'clock,  the  fun  broke  through  the  clouds^ 
and  (hone  with  a  heat  equal  to  what  is  tclt  in 
the  dog  days.  About  (even  a  ftorm  was 
beard  at  a  diflance,  and  at  eight  it  began  to 
lighten.  From  eleven  minutes  after  eight 
to  twenty  minutes  the  (ky  was  as  dark  as  it 
was  at  Paris  when  the  eclipfe  happened  the 
ift  of  April,  1  64,  It  thundered,  rained, 
and  hailed  ;  and  though  the  hail  was  not  fo 
large  here  as  in  fomc  other  places,  yet  fcvcral 
bead  of  cattle  were  killed  by  it.  Many  of 
the  ftones  were  as  large  as  puUelf  eggs,  and 
the  produce  of  the  country  is  deftroyed. 

Paris,  June  2\'  By  a  (ire  which  broke  oirt 
lately  in  Champagne,  at  the  village  of  Bif- 
feuil,  one  hundred  and  ninety  five  houfes 
were  deftroyed  j  and  only  nine  buildings  are 
left  ftanding.  More  than  a  ^ozen  people  loft 
their  lives,  and  all  the  effefls  in  the  town 
were  a  prey  to  the  ftames,  which  likev/ife 
killed  above  two  hundred  head  of  cattle. 

Paris,  June  25.  Laft  nigh^,  about  ten 
o'clock,  her  moft  Chriftian  Majefty  departed 
this  lite.  The  king  went  immediately  to 
Marly. 


•  Tht  original  is,  Trcuvcra  in  Corfica  degU  ojfibeu  duri, 

C  c  c  a  B— NKR-PTS 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


3«8 


BANKRUPTS. 


July 


B— NK--PTS. 


Tames  Dty,  of  Blrmlogliaa,  carp«iiter. 
J  vhocDuDtUy,  of  Sh«d«rdl,  merchant. 
Abraham  judah,  of  Chitwell-ftieet,  colourmaii* 
Voah  Mordecal,  of  Georfte  fireet,  Dterchiot. 
lohaReifie,  of  Phitadeipmt,  merchant, 
j^bert  0»born,  of  Norwich,  dealer  in  cotla and  corn. 
Thomat  Radcnhorft,  of  WaUal,  grocer. 
Oeerge  Burton,  of  Scarborough,  mariner. 
Jtooea  Stanton,  of  Worcefter,  ijnrn  draper. 
Robert  Smith,  of  Houndfditcn.  haberdaOier. 
Thoma*  Kcnderdine,  of  Covcnt  garden,  laceman. 

ioho  Chapman,  of  Bowlane,  dealier. 
Lobert  Broadbelt,  of  HoUea  ftreet,  haberdafher  and 

coal  merchant. 
John  Daabibia,  and  Joha  Laduuni  t>f  Uverpcol, 

clay-pottera. 
Henry  Porfter,  of  Gateiheiid,  bottbuilder^ 
Kat.  Cove,  of  Tokeohoyfe  yard,  paciier  and  prelTer. 
Ruhard  PAUlpa,  of  Camden,  ciouccfterfliire,  flax- 

dreifer. 
Mary  Pope,  of  Ormskirk,  milliner. 
Chariea  Farquharfon,  of  Clo«k  lane,  faflor. 
Abraham  North.  Jun.  ol  Ware,  maltfter. 
George  England,  of  Norch-Perrot,   Somerfetih!re, 

rope-maJcer. 
Jofeph  Turner,  of  Manchefter,  chapman. 
Samuel  Gigoey,  of  WiUingale  Doe,  ££Eex,  mopkeeper. 
Alice  Brand,  of  St.  Ives,  milliner. 
George  Holder,   of  Exeter-ftrcet,  wine  and   dry 

cooper. 
Tbomaa  Dover  Hooklna,  of  London,  merchant. 
John  Sheldrake,  or  Framllngham,  brewer, 
telomon  Jacoba,  of  Old  Bethlem,  merchant. 
John  Barrett,  of  Camomile  ftreet,  packrr. 
Samael  Balla,  of  Yoxford  in  Suflfolk,  Innholder. 
Wm.  Searoa,  of  Warrington,  tobacconift. 

iamea  Harria,  of  Bath,  taylor. 
Margaret  Barnacle,  of  Solyhull,  widow,  baker. 
Mary  Reda,  of  St.  Martinis  In  thePlelda,  milliner. 
John  Titterington,    of  St.  George*a,  Soathwarki 

(adier. 
BenJ.  Crook, 'Of  Chrlft-chorch,  dyer. 
Thomaa  Sherlifie,  of  Bungay  in  Sutfbik*  merchant. 
JaffletCaflio,  ofBriflo),  vintner. 
WiUUm  Srartln  and  Edward  Moody,  of  Blrmlag- 

ham,  dealera  and  partoera 
Iamea  Preft,  of  Qoatham  in  YorknUre,  grocer. 
\Vn.  Sprott,  Jun.  of  Leomlnfler,  cutler, 
Aaron  Levy,  of  St.  Duiiaan*>4lreet,  Caaterbory, 
merchant. 

JameaBoyea,  ofChathaip,  woolen  draper, 
amea  Duewick,  of  Hertlngfordbury,  linen-draper. 
Un\f% HootOD.  of Falmoorh,  linendrapcr. 
Sdward  Moody,  of  Birmingham,  fnAor. 
Thomas  SouthfH,  of  LeominAer,  mercer. 

John  Lloyd,  of  New  ftreet,  St.  Jamea*a,  upholflerer. 
ohn  Miliigan,  of  Liverpool,  brewer. 
Lebecca  l^lght,  of  Wapping ,  ihip  chandler. 
Richard  Andenon,  of  London,  merchant. 
Samnrljebb,  ofHoward-ftreet,  wine- merchants 
John  Scott,  of  St.  Giles  in  the  Fields,  linen. draper. 
Wm.  Spoor,  of  Newcaftle  upoa-Tyoe,  iiuikcepcr* 

glazier,  and  painter. 
Peter  Poe,  jun.  of  London,  merchant. 
Simiiei  Corrall,  of  Weii.Smlthfiekl,  hofier. 
James  Murray,  of  Hammerfmith,  merchant. 

(ohn  Gilbert,  of  Exeter,  ferge.maker. 
ViUiam  Edwards,  of  Abergavenny,  fliopkeeper. 
James  Coby,  of  St   MaryTeQgern,  otherwiiie  Ve- 

djftFofter,  engraver. 
John  Bennett,  of  "^hotedltch,  woolcomber. 
Sam  Coomt)ea,  ofBrick-lane,  Spiul&elda.  carpenter. 
Wm  Fowler,  of  Leadenhall  ftreet,  hotaer. 
Jofeph  Lover,  of  AnJover,  Innkeeper. 
Jonathan  Parkin,  of  Ougbtybndge-l|alI,  YoTkihire, 
-     cornfafior. 
John  Partridge,  of  St.  Mary  le- Boone,  carpenter. 
Francis  Kfarck,  of  Lawrence  Poultneyiane,  mer- 
chant. 
Thooiap  Crlfpe,  of  Three  King-court,  merchant. 
Philip  I^evy,  q(  Houndiditch,  dealer  in  watches. 
Wm.  Ogit',  of  Weftminfter,  fcrivcner. 
Tho  Yorke.  of  Houndiditch,  hardwaie  cutler. 
Henry  Cible^ll,  of  Kindle^  in  Lancalhlre,  linen  manu- 

♦-dlorcr. 
Thonia*  Kayw^rd,  of  St.  Maty,  Lambeth,  hofier. 
Th'>m«8  Elliott^  of  Newcalile-upua  Tyne,  dealer  in 
flax. 


William  Hamblcton,  of  Leek  In  StiffbrdOilre,  filk 

throwftcr, 
Tho.  Jones,  of  Cholftry  in  Leominfler,  Herefbrd- 

fliirc,  dealer. 
Henry  Popple,  of  Ifllngton,  broker  and  merchaac 
Daniel  Torr,  of  Br>aol,  caylor. 
Kaac  Ifrael,  of  Old  Bethlem,  merchant. 
John  Evans,  of  Sc  Jameses,  coal-merchint. 
Tho.  Capes,  of  rhe  Tower,  men  hant. 
Henry  Rider,  of  Hertford,  ftiopkcrper. 
Jacob  Wilton,  and  Iiaac  Fell,  of  Paiernofter  row, 

booklrllers  and  partnera 
Wil-am Taylor,  of Worcefter,   Innholder. 
Bii  e  Norton,  of  Shauwcll,   malttter,     and   corn- 
chandler. 
Sam.  Samuel,  of  SpltalSelda,  merchant. 
Richiro  Shelley,  of  the  biraod,  jewelier,  toyman, 

and  hardwateman. 
John  Sherwin,  of  Weftmeon,  Hants,  innholder. 
John  Tongue,  of  London  wall,   merchant. 
Charica  D<irke,  of  Kdfing'on,  dealer. 
John  Fox,  len.  of  Drdhim,  apothecary  anddnigglft, 
William   Challenor,  of  HuUis-dteet,  Sc.    Clcoieat 

Danes. 
William  Killick,  of  Dartford,  dealer. 
John  Samuel  Schutxe,  of  Lawrence  PoQitney  lane, 

merchant. 
Daniel  Stackhoufe,  of  St.  Miry  le  Bonne,  roafon. 
John  Ibbetioo,  of  Chriii-Church,  Surry,  lalt-petre- 

refiner. 
Richard  Creefe,  of  Newington  Surry,  earprnter. 
Thomaa  Jones,  of  L^ng  Acre,  breeches  maker,  and 

fiover. 
.     n  Corfir,  of  St.  James*s,  Weftminfter,  bricklayer. 
Peter  Boggurft,  of  Caftle-ftreet,  St.  Mary-le-Booiie, 

liable  keeper  and  dener  in  horfea. 
George  Chattilfs,  of  St.  Neot'a,  carrier. 
Robert  Munday,  of  the  Strand,  taylor. 
Thomas  Syder,  of  Becclcs,  in  Suffolk,  dealer. 
John  Doriet  Newman  and  Samoel  Goddard,  of  Baa- 
bury,  fliag  manufadiurers  and  partners. 
£Iiz.  Flew,  of  Bridgend  in  GlaraorgaDfhire,  grocer 

and  linnen  draper. 
Mary  Douglas,  of  Fludyer  ftreet,  Weftmlnfter,  fpin- 

fler. 
Thomu  Wright,  ofOld-Sleaford  UacolnOiire,  feU- 

moiiRer. 
Ben).  Rookesby,  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  teweller. 
£dw.  Jennioga,  of  Epping,  linen  draper. 
John  MarclOate  of  Spiurfqoare,  but  now  of  the 

Old-Bailey,  uylor. 
Reginald  Harriman,  ofNlcholas  lane,  London,  grocer. 
Henry  Manning,  of  Mmclun-Hamptoii,  Gioucefter^ 

ftiire,  clothier. 
, George  Truwhitt,  of  Redllon-ftreet,  carpenter. 
James  AogeU,  of  Duite-fticet,   Ltocola*a  inn  fields, 

blackfmith. 
Mary  Newton,  of  Exeter,  milliner. 
Wm.  Clare,  of  London,  dealer. 
Thomas Jackfon,  of  Dowgatehlll.  coaUmerchaht. 
Wm.  Jar  via,  of  Stamford,  Iwircioth  weaver. 
Wm.  Toft,  of  Hide-ftreet,  Bloomabury,   biandy- 

merciunt. 
Pellegrln  Graflio  di  Laziro  GentUll,  of  Budge-row, 

merchant. 
Nathan  Levy,  of  Clerk*a-oourt,  bifliopfgate  ftreet, 

watch  nuicer. 
John  RiOiton,  of  St.  Martinis  in  the  fields,  merchant. 
Geo.  Spenre,  of  St.  Mary- Axe,  merchant. 
Jofeph  Bull,  of  Princes  itreet.  South  wark,  cabinet- 
maker. 
John  Wiley,  fen.  and  John  Wiley,  Jun.  of  Low. 

Layton,  buildera  and  partnera. 

iohii  Fraft,  of  St^  Jamev'a,  embroiderer, 
ienry  Wankford,  of  Rickmerlworih  in  Hertford- 

Ihue,  dealer. 
Wm.  Richmond,  and  Henry  Roydhoufe,of  Pancraa, 

carpentera  and  partnera. 
John  Klndon,  of  Bromfgrove,  icrlvener. 
John  Uifindell,  or  Epprng,  innholder. 
John  J«nie>  Schianffer  and    Abraham   Ferret,    of 

London,  merchants  and  pirtnera. 
James  lohnlon,  of  Market  Harborough,  grocer. 
Kaac  Mofe»  and  Hiam  Mofea,  of  Briiiot,  ucalcrs  and 

partnera. 
Richard  Oevonfhire,  of  Pxyora^MarAon  in  Warwick. 

fhtre,  linen  draper. 
JobnStnith,  of  Stepney,  dealer. 
Thomas  Blockley,  jun  ot   Rotherhithe,  lockAnitll 

and  lixeimith. 

Am 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


389 


An  IMPARTIAL  REVIEW^/  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

ARTICLE    I. 
lOCY  on  Prince  Htntj  of  ^ 
p^fcd  by  hit  M^rfif  tht  KjBg  4  PruflU  and 
dU  bh  Order  tn  an  extraordinary  Ajfembiy 


-ptOCr  on  Prince  Henry  0/  Prttflit--C»jii. 

oftht  ricad.my  of  sciences  at  Berlw,  J*'*.  4< 
Uzet  E  .glifh,  and  32  French.  Elmny 
^  Prince  Henry  01  Frutfi*  wai  nephew  to 
his  Fruffian  m-ijcfty,  and  univcrftily  looked 
upon  as  a  youth  oi  extraordinary  »bUiuct— 
His  royal  uncle  was  particularly  tond  ot  hira, 
aadwcfl*UcrourfcIvei  that  an  extraa  Jrom 
this  public  emanation  of  that  hcfoe  1  regret 
will  tx  highly  acceptable  to  our  readeit. 

«  If  affliftion  i»  illowabic  to  a  man  of  un- 
dcrflandingi  it  it  without  doubt  when  he 
ftarttin  common  with  his  country,  and  a 
nuoierooi  people,  the  anguiOl  of  *»"'«?»"- 
ble  lof«.  So  far  if  it  *»oro  being  the  objeft 
of  philofophy  to  ftifle  the  feeling!  of  nature  | 
her  duty  i.  only  to  controui  and  moderate 
the  irregularitie.  of  the  paffion.  :  la  forU.ying 
the  heart  of  the  fagc  with  refolution  fuflicteni 
to  fuppori  m5ffortuAe  with  «*8»"*«»*'y  *  ^* 
would  condemn  him.  li  10  a  torp.^  ftupidity 
he  could  Tiew  the  loflet  .nd  the  ^/f  «•  "» 
hi«  fellow  citiaeni,  with  cycsof  infcnfibihty. 
Should  I  then  be  allowed  to  remain  alone  un- 
moved at  that  mcUncholy  titn^»  which  irou- 


pofleHTed  a  (bol  but  of  common  ftamp.  Tome 
perhaps  from  decency  might  hare  lavilhed  up- 
on him,  the  cold  marlci  or  a  forrow,  to  which 
tne  publtck  indifference  would  have  given 
the  lie,  elaborate  panegyricka  to  be  heard- 
only  with  difguflj  frivolous  indtcattont  of 
concern,  incapable  of  impoHng  on  the  mofl; 
ilupid  }  and  hit  name  would  have  been  con- 
demned to  eternal  oblivion. 

Al»t !  How  different  it  our  fitoation  from 
thit !  Had  he  been  hot  a  private  man.  Prince 
Henry  would  have  gained  the  hearts  of  every 
one  who  had  approached  him.  Who  indeed 
could  have  wiihflood  the  affability  of  hit  air» 
his  eai&ncrt  ot  acceft,  the  gentlenefs  of  hie 
manneri,  which  never  left  him,  the  tcnder- 
neft  and  (ympaihy  of  hit  heart,  that  genius 
fo  noble  and  i'o  elevated,  that  maturity  of  un- 
derftanding  at  the  age  of  our  greateft  irregu- 
Uritiet,  that  pafiion  for  the  fciencei  and  tor 
▼irtue  in  the  heat  of  youth,  when  moft  men 
obey  only  the  ioftinfis  of  pleafure  and  of  folly^ 
in  ibort  that  admirable  affemblage  of  talents 
and  of  Tirtuet,  which  are  fo  rarely  found  in 
private  life,  more  rarely  fliil  among  perfoat 
of  exalted  birih,  at  the  number  of  fuch  is 
left  c^Gderable  ?    , 

It  there  in  thit  afTembly,  a  miml  fo  ill'dtf- 
pofed,  fo  I'atirical,  a  cenfurer  fo  bard  hearted. 


b!ei  the  ferenity  of  your  dayt }    at  the  view 

of  that  mournful  fprdlacle  with  which  you     {bvoid  of  all  pity,  that  (hail  dare  to  deride  the 

have  been  juft  flruckj    «t  this  triumph  of     refpeaable  fubjea  of  our  joft  affl.dion,  and 

death    who  raifes  trophiet  to  bimfcU  with     find  fault  with  obr  prefent  attempt  to  draw 

ourfjoil.5    .nddrawtafelf-tpplaufe^tom  " 

immolating  to  hit  power  our  moft  llluftrioul 

heads?  No,    Sirs,   my  olencc  would  be  cii- 

mifial:  I  ought  to  be  permiUed  to  mix  my 

Toice  with  thu  of  fo  many  tirtuout  eiiixent, 

^ho  deplore  the  deiliny  of  a  young  prince. 

whom  the  Godt  have  only  /hewn  to  ihe  eanh. 

On  whatever  fide  I  turn  my  view,  dejeacd 

brows,   mournful  countenancet,    every  cha- 

raaerofaffliftioni    ftreamtot  tears  which 

a  >w  from  every  eye  5    are  the  only  objea.  I 

oerceive  •  6ght  and  accentt  of  regret  inter-     where,    what  more  cafy,    what  more  copious 

Lr,ted  bv  the  painful  refpiratipnt  of  convul-     thpn  our  reply  ? 


the  elogy  of  a  minor,  who  hat  pafTed  away 
with  rapidity,  and  who  hat  left  no  trace  of 
his  exiAenee  ?  No,  ^irs,  1  have  too  high  an 
idea  of  the  charader  of  this  nation  to  fufpeO. 
that  it  wo^ld  be  poffible  to  find  in  it  men  of 
a  ferocity  to  be  derived  only  from  a  want  of 
all  feeling,  and  inhuman  only  from  a  fpirit 
of  cuniradi^ion  :  The  lofs  we  have  iuftained 
may  be  unknown,  but  it  cannot  be  known 
without  the  moft  tender  emotions.  Should 
any  of  thefe  difdainful  cenfurers  exift  elfe- 


nipted  bv  the  painful  refpiratipnt  of  convul-  .  . 

five  forrow  5  aVe  the  only  Joundtl  hear.  Cir-  Do  \bey  imagine  that  a  whole  people  is 

cumftancet  like  thefe  awaken  in  my  mind  the  deceived,  when  on  the  death  of  a  young  prince, 
idea  of  the  royal  family  all  d^iTuivcd  in  tjpart,  they  ro^nifeft  every  mark  of  the  dcepeft  at- 
reclaiming,  but  alas !  in  v-in  j  the  amiable  fli^'on  ?  Do  they  imagine  that  the  tavour  of 
•  -^  ' the  pubic  is  to  he  gained,    that  a  whole  peo- 

ple is  to  be  aiT-aed  with  a  kind  of  emhufiafm 
without  merit  ?  Do  they  think  that  mankind, 
fo  little  difpofed  to  beftow  their  fuffrage  of 


prince. 


whom  it  has  loft  for  ever. 
Thi  high  birth,  by  wnich  prince  Henry, 
was  To  nearly  conncfted  to  the  throne,  was 
not  the  caufeof  fo  univerfal  an  afHichon ; 
greatoefs.  eminence,  power,  infpire  only 
fear,  a  forced  fobmiffion,  a  homage  at  vain 
a;  the  idol  which  receivet  it ;  Let  but  the 
idol  rail,  rcipea  is  no  more,  apd  malignity 
breaks  it  into  (haitters.  No.  Sirs,  it  was 
not  the  work  of  lortune,  which  we  efteemcd 
in  Prince  Henry,  but  the  work  of  nature, 
the  endowments  of  the  mind,  the  qualities  of 
ihf  heart,  the  met  its  of  the  man:  Had  he 
5 


approbativn,  confer  it  without  any  cifliculty 
unleCt  exported  by  virtue  !  Let  it  be  agreed 
then,  that  this  youth,  who  has  left  no  trace 
of  hts  exiftence,  merited  our  foriows,  aa  well 
by  whit  wc  hoped  from  him,  as  on  account 
of  the  few  princes  that  remained  to  ut  to 
lofe  :  Let  us  vindicate  the  tears  ol  the  royal 
family,  the  lamentationsof  every  true  citizcu 
attached  to  the  government,  and  the  confter- 

fiaiiuo 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


390 

nation  of  the  publick  on  the  information  of 
fo  import«nc  a  Infs."— Such  ia  the  introduc- 
tion to  ihil  chgy,  the  lubfcquent  part  of 
'  which  enumerates  the  virtues  as  well  as  the 
accompliniments  of  the  prince  and  ii  upon 
the  wholr  a  Jiveir  image  of  the  eftimation 
m  which  he  was  held  by  the  iiluftrioui  au- 
thor. 

n,  Things  as  they  art,  ii.  4/0  Bingky. 
This  like  the  generality  of  the  paliiic*! 
pjccci  which  hare  lately  ifTued  from  the  fame 
prefs  ;•  an  impudent  compound  of  fcdition  and 
ilopidity-but  the  author  Oiall  fpcak  for  him- 
felf,  and  here  gentle  reader  it  his  dcfcription 
of  the  late  unhappy  accidcntin  Saini-George's- 
^cldf. 

**  But,  aUf  I —The  mcafurc  yields 

Sad  profpea  in  Sr.-George's- Fields 

"Where  multttudcs  had  been  to  fee 
The  place  that  could  hold  libcity  ! 
And  being  there  the  teath  of  May, 
In  friflcy  mood  they  went  to  play  ; 
Some  play'd  at  thU  thing,   fome  at  that. 
Some  went  to  pby  at  ball  and  bat  j 
Some  tofa'd-up  for  tarti  and  pies, 
"While  others  propagated  lies  j 
Some  went  to  whim  and  odd  vagary. 
Some  gamblers  took-in  th'  unwary  : 
While  friflcy  at  their  fun  and  play- 
Behold  !  —The  guards  in  dread  array  ! 
Jn  accent  northern— to  depart — 
Or,  have  a  bay'nei  at  the  heart  t 
Then  G  ••••»•  M  read  t^  proclama- 
tion— 
Each  to  depart  to  his  ownjiation  : 
Without  being  there,  we  may  aver  it, 
That  not  one  man  with  ears  could  hear  it: 
Be  that  as't  may -we'll  go  no  further  — 
No  orders  fure  were  given  to  murther ! 
The  multitude  that  were  at  play, 
Hid  fure  as  good  a  right  ai  they 
To  walk  the  fields,    and  breathe  frcfli  air, 
Ai  any  foldier  that  was  there; 
And  there  they  had  remained  quiet. 
If  Scotchmen  had  not  bred  the  rici-; 
Murray,  MacLaurie,  and  MacClean, 
Creatures  defpotic  as  the  thane, 
TheT  rank  did  quit,  in  'vengeful  mood. 
And  a  young  flripling  clofe  purlu'd, 
(Who  only  was  a  looker-on, 
A  fav'ritc  boy  !— An  only  fon  !) 
Running  for  fafcty  to  a  /hcd 
Near  his  own  home— was  there  fliot  deaJ  ! 
E'er  fince,  his  mother,  fcreaming,  cries  — 
See  ! — Where  my  murWer*d  Billy  lies  ! 
Four  or  five  more  ftone  dead  were  fl»ot. 
And  fiixctn  wounde  i  on  the  fpot ! 
By  this  beginning  fa  near  home. 
The   wife  may  gucfs  at  whai't   to  came; 
May  fee  defpotic  rankling  malice. 
Sow  civil  difcord  round  the  palace. 
Alarming  of  the  royal  ear 
With  murder  and  with  civil  war; 
So  keep  whole  regiments  under  arms, 
To  favc--our  premifci  from  harms/* 


Things  as  they  are. 


July 


III.  One  Iboufandft'vfn  Ihndred  and  Sixtf 
^^gbfy  or,paJiizo\Uk,  and aCLud^ MofU^ 
fg,  ^to    u.  6d.     Bingley.     Can;o  I. 

in  news  paper  advcrrif.mcnis  which  mcn- 
»on  the  publication  of  ih.s  pirce,  Mr.  Bma- 
ley  tells  us  with  great  impoilancc  th.n  a  few 
copies  only  ha.e  been  favcd  from  the  tvrrck 
tj  mtmjlcnal  /xjwrr— ihrewdly  iniimating  by 
this  that  It  IS  a  very  fmart  attack  upon  the 
admiDiftration,  and  that  unlcfs  the  fons  of  li- 
berty bccorne  immediate  purchafers  there  will 

be  no  poffibi.ity  of  fupplying  them not- 

withflanding  thisr  conjcunticus  fincfs  ot  our 
patnottc  bookfeller  we  venture  to  declare  that 
water  gruei  without  fait  cannot  be  more  in- 
ripid  or  more  harmlefs  than  this  article  at 
piefcnt  under  our  confideration.  and  we  can- 
not butexprefs  our  aftoniihmcnt  at  the  «•- 
dJtyQ\  a  man  who  is  continually  exclaiming 
»t  the  injuflicc  of  miniflers,  whi;c  he  himfclf 
IS  o'inctafinglyindunriou.  tocn:rap  his  in- 
confidcratc  countiymcn  into  the  mofl  contemp- 
tiblc  purchafes,  ^ 

IV.  A  Letter  /*  bU  Grace  the  Duke  of  Graf- 
ton on  the  pref^nt  Situation  of  publu  Affairs,   11. 

This  pamph'et  is  the  produftion  of  fome 
pol.ttCAl  empiric  who  wants  to'  prefcribc  to 
the  c  nititucon  of  Great  Britain  in  what  he 
»uppo:csi($  prefcnt  very  crazy,  fituation— his 
medicine  however  is  rather  dangerous,  and 
appears  much  more  calculated  to  cncreafc  th- 
dinemper  than  to  remove  it. 

V.  Ptetas  Oxcnirnjis  or  a  full  and  imbartia  I 
Arrovntcfthe  Exp^lfi^n  of  fix  Students  from 
iaintEdmund-hall,  Oxford,  is^Z'vo.    Kc.th. 

The  author  of  this  pamphlet  condemns  the 
expu.lionof  the  fix  fludentswho  w^re  expelled 
tor  being  bred  to  mean  mechanical  profeflrons, 
frequenting  illicit  conventicles,  and  beiliB 
wholly  illtterate— .hcfe  he  thinks  were  very 
inadt-quate  reafons  for  the  conduftof  the  uni- 
verfify,  and  afTerts  that  fome  of  the  ftudentt 
exp -lied,  were  lo  far  from  being  illiterate  that 
tney  underwent  their  academical  examination! 
very  rcpuiably— :n  exrrad  however  from  this 
piece  cannot  we  fancy  be  very  agreeable  to  our 
re*ders,as  it  is  filled  with  quot^ions  from  va- 
rious writers  on  polemical  divinity  who  are 
feldom  to  befound  in  f^/hionable  libraries, 

VI.  ^further  Defence  of  Prie/lcraft,  heirte 
a  praaical  Improvement  of  the  Shaver's  Sermo^ 
on  the  Expu'Jion  of  fx  young  Gentlemen  f>om 
theUnivcrfty  of  Oxtotd  for  praying,  reading, 
a  fid  expounding  the  Scriptures ;  ec:afioned  by  a 
Vind'cation  of  thtt  pious  Aa  by  a  Member  of  tbt 
Untveftty,  &c,   8w.  €d,     Kcirh 

This  performance  ii  of  the  fame  Aamp 
with  the  foregoing  article ;  and  the  authi^ 
niodeflly  thinks  that  as  the  apoAles  were  mea 
of  the  meaneft  trades  and  wholly  illiterate, 
there  coutd  be  no  juft  reafon  for  expelling  the 
fcx  fludents  either  on  account  of  their  humble 
utuaiions  or  their  imputed  illiteracy, 

VII 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Of  the  Court  of  Siar-Cbamher. 


Vl\,  A  /bort  Examinatien  into  tbt  Cor.du^ 
9/  Lord  M — f— d  through  the  Afdir  of  Mr, 
W;lkct,  8vo.  dd.     Stcare. 

A  very  doU  panegyric  on  the  conduA  of 
tbe  great  judge  whole  conduct  is  the  objtrA 
of  our  a«thort  examination. 

VIII.  The  Cou't  of  Sta*'  Chsmher  or  Seat  of 
O^eJJUn,  %V9.  6d,     Sreate.  ^ 

Aa  maoy  perfoni  in  thefe  timet  of  political 
difTenfion  talk  very  much  about  the  flar  cbatn- 
ber  without  knowing  any  thing  in  reality  of 
that  court,  we  give  the  folldwing  little  iketch 
of  it  from  the  author  of  the  prefent  article, 
as  the  moft  ufeful  palTage  we  cm  take  from 
hit  performance. 

In  the  lime  of  King  Henry  VII.  when 
the  law  of  will  wai  to  be  the  law  abfolute, 
and  to  which  it  was  expeded  that  the  fubje^lt 
flioold  pay  paflive  obedieoce,  but  who  being 
extremely  urwiJIing  to  fubmit  to  that  galling 
yoke,  in  ordei  to  compel  them  to  a  fubmiffion 
thereto,  a  court  v^as  ere^ed,  ca'Ied  the  Court 
of  Sur  Chamber,  compofed  of  the  lord  trea- 
furer,  lord  privy-fcal,  and  lords  of  the  king*s 
council,  and  the  two  chief  juflices  as  their 
afiiHaots ;  «ih  ch  court  had  an  extra  autho> 
rtty,  beyond  other  of  the  king's  coorti,  to 
imprifon  and  puni/h  fuch  per  Ton  or  perfoni  as 
the  judges  tbere<  f  (hould,  in  their  opinions 
or  inclinationi,  efleem  and  look  upon  as  guilty 
of  mildemeiDort  or  other  breaches  o:  the 
peace,  or  infringements  upon  (what  they 
termed)  royal  prerogative,  and  to  inflift  fuch 
punilhmeots  upon  fuch  like  Oltcnders  difcrc- 
tionally,  and  in  fuch  manner  as  to  them 
ihouM  feem  meet ;  and  that  the  fentenccs 
which  they  fhouli  pronouuce,  (houK  operate 
in  the  fame  manner  againft  fuch  offenders, 
as  if  they  had  been  convi^ed  by  2  jury.  Th  s 
court  took  its  name  from  th;  room  it  was 
held  in,  the  ceilinj:  of  ^h  ch  beine  tiecorated 
with  gilded  flan,  and  which  ornamtnts,  I 
believe,  ftill  remain  to  put  us  in  mind,  and 
as  a  monument  of  its  infamy.  This  court  of 
inquifitioD  intimidated  the  l'ubje£l  from  com- 
plaining of  the  oppreffions  of  government,  m 
hopes  of  relief,  either  by  verbal  renonftrances, 
tbe  pen  or  the  prcfs  ;  and  if  any  thing  was 
heard  or'feen  offenfive  to  tbe  inxm&ry,  tbe 
delinquent  was  dragged  to  the  bar,  and  the 
inquiiitors  infli£led  fuch  punifhment  upon 
him^  as  their  vengeance  prompted  them  to. 
If  a  minifter  did  bur  look  four,  thefe  fools 
and  fycophants  io  office  faiiatcd  their  venge- 
ance. The  lamentations  of  the  people  were 
unnoticed.  Tyranny  and  opprefTion  forded 
it  through  the  ftrectf,  and  the  hw  of  the 
land  lay  bleeding  in  her  wounds.  This  court 
exifled  thra*  feveral  reigns  and  was  much  ef- 
teemed  by  our  miniflers  in  t  ur  good  (^'•ea 
Befs'e  days,  when  the  liberty  of  the  prcfs 
vras  grofly  attacked  ;  and  whoever  fpoke  or 
wrote  what  might  Be  conOrucd  in'o  dilaffcc- 
tion,  either  towards  her  or  the  miniflry,  was 
deemed  guilty  of  felony.  But,  at  length,  an 
uaiptcrrupted  fcric«  of  fcvcritict|   indcad  of 


39» 


louring  tbe  people  to  mifery,  and  making  it 
familiar  to  them,  taking  a  different  ctfeft 
upon  tbe  £ngli(h  conditution,  made  it  deipc- 
rate.  The  law  of  the  land  raifed  her  wounded 
head,  and  never  reHed  *tiil  the  flatute  for 
erecting  this  iniquitous  feat  of  injuflice  wat 
repealed,  and  the  court  ii/Tolved  ;  which  wat 
^one  about  the  i:th  year  of  the  reign  of 
King  Charles  I.  and  the  fubjeds  reftoied  to 
their  Ibertics  and  privilegcrf,** 

IX.  The  true  Seniimen.s  of  America  contain- 
ed in  a  Col/eSiion  of  Lette*t  jentfrcm  tbe  Houfe 
ef  Rrprefentat'ivei  of  the  Pro'vhct  o/MalTichu- 
let's  Bay  tofeveral  Perfsm  cf  high  Rankin  thit 
Kingdom,  wc.  158  pages  ^vo.     Almoo. 

T  bis  is  a  worlc  very  proper  to  be  read  by 
all  who  would  form  a  juil  opinion  of  the  dif- 
ferences at  prefent  fo  unhappily  fubfilHng  be- 
tween Great  Btitain  and  her  colonies,  parti- 
cularly between  ber  and  tbe  piovioce  in  the 
title  p2ge. 

X.  Hcrtis  Ke*wtnjii,  S'lflens  herbal  exotlcat 
indiginafque  raricres  it  ana  Botanica  HorlUM 
Augujiijfimgp  principiffoe  Cambriet  doti/fr  apud 
Kewy     in  comitatu  ^urrdano,    cufcat  ;  meihoda 

fiorati  nova  dijpofitet  auSIore  Jobanne  Hill  mtdi' 
cina  doSicre.     Baldwin. 

This  boo'c  befides  an  index  contains  45S 
pages,  in  luge  o£^avo,  and  it  mutl  be  owned 
that  the  author's  Tabula  Syftematis  is  not  only 
new  but  very  ingenious— Dr.  Hi  Ts  abilities 
however  in  botany  ue  extremely  well  known, 
aod  we  arc  therefore  I'atistied  his  name  will 
be  fufficient  to  excite  the  cuiis)ruy  of  every 
adept  in  fo  ufcTul  a  pait  of  n  itural  hidory. 

XI.  An  EJj'uy  on  Dife.ifei  inc  dental  to  Euro- 
peans in  hot  Climateif  •u'irb  the  Metb:>d  of  jyrt- 
veafing  fbtir  fatal  Corftqwrtcn,  by  jjmcs 
Lind,  Fhyficiin  tn  iii  lilitj'/iy's  Hoftiral  at 
Haflar  near  Porifmouth,  ard  Fdljiv  cf  tbi 
Ro)a}  Col/rge  of  Piyfcians  m  Edinburgl. — . 
To  ivbich  tt  addfd,  Au  /^l^^rndix  ancernir^ 
Iniermitrent  Fex>er  .—To  the  vbc/e  is  annexed, 
A  ftmple  and  eafy  Way  to  rip.der  j'alt  Water 
fnjb  and  to  prnjent  a  Scjr::ty  of  Bn-vifi-iKi  in 
bngVoyagcx  at  Sea,  348  pages  largs  8vg. 
Bccket. 

This  is  one  of  thof::  few  performances 
wh'ch  we  read  with  particular  plcafure,  ht- 
caufe  it  is  particularly  c  Iculatacd  to  pro* 
mote  the  welfare  of  focieiy.  — On  account  of 
its  excellence  in  evciy  p*rc  we  arc  a.foiutely 
at  lofs  from  which  to  m;*ke  an  cairzd. — 
However  as  the  dilesles  which  are  comra  m 
in  (omt  of  our  own  cUmatts  mjy  pollibl^  be 
more  ncccfTr^  k:  the  knowlsdgi  of  ::n  K  ig- 
li/h  reader,  lijaa  difcafes  of  mu/-;  i;.:-i;V^enC 
regions,  we  (hall  give  fome  pai'sj ;f  of  our 
author  which  appear  of  immcdia:e  uiihty  to 
the  fubjcfts  of  this  kingdom. 

«*  Since  the  cxtetifive  country  of  Canada 
has  been  in  the  pofTefTun  of  the  Englifh,  our 
troops  and  fetticrs  there  have  been  rcxarkj- 
b!y  healthy,  if  we  except  the  great  mortality 
occafiuncd  by  the  fcurv/,  io  the  winter  of  tlie 
yeari7c9. 


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Dijeafes  of  hot  Climates. 


39* 

A  r«rgeoo»  who  ^radifed  long  in  different 
placet  of  that  couatrj,  tod  especially  it  Que- 
bec, informa  roe,  that  true  pjeurifiei,  and 
other  inflammatory  diforden,  were  the  ge- 
nuine produce  of  the  cold  air  of  that  cli- 
mate :  but  that  low,  bitioui,  and  intermit- 
ting fcvert  were  Scarcely  ever  known  there. 

The  forprifingly  healthy  flate  of  the  ihtpa 
companies  who  annually  flfit  the  banks  of 
Kewfoondland.  and  tbe  long-continued  health 
enjoyed  by  thofe  who  pafa  tbe  winter  at  Ha- 
lifax, are  proofs  that  an  intenfe  degree  of 
cold^  properly  guarded  againft,  produces  but 
few  difeafes,  and  fcarcely  ever  the  fevers 
which  are  the  fubje^  of  this  treatife.  It  is 
a  coaftant  obfervaiion,  that  the  men  h(  long- 
ing to  the  Newfouadlaud  fleet  return  every 
autumn  to  England,  with  much  moie  roboil 
conftitutions  than  when  they  left  it, 

Th\£  clinute  of  New  England  it  fimilar  to 
chat  of  Great  Britain.  But  travelling  to  the 
Southward,  in  Maryland  or  Vii^inia,  where 
the  heats  arc  greater,  and  the  foil  more  moifl, 
cfpecially  on  lands  not  cleared,  wto  And  agues, 
fevers  and  flaxes  very  diflieffing  to  flrangers  ; 
though  the  natives  in  general  art  healthy  and 
long-lived. 

In  the  latitude  of  South  Carolina,  we  find 
thefe  difeafes  much  more  obflinate,  acote, 
mnd  violent.  In  that  colony,  during  the 
growth  of  the  rice,  in  the  months  of  July 
and  Auguft,  tbe  fevers  which  attack  (Gran- 
gers are  very  anoma'ous,  not  remitting  or  in- 
termitting foon,  but  partaking  much  of  the 
sature  of  thofe  diAempers  which  are  fo  fatal 
to  the  newly  arrived  Europeans  in  Weft  In- 
dian climates.  The  f«me  may  be  faid  of 
Ocorgia  and  £<ift  Florida,  during  thofe  two 
months  i  but  in  We(>  Florida,  the  difeafes 
of  ftrangcis  approach  flill  neater  to  thofe  of 
onr  Wett  Indian  iHands. 

At  Penficola,  where  the  foil  is  Aindy,  and 
^uite  barren,  the  Englifli  have  fuflfered  much 
by  ficknefs  :  Some  for  want  of  vegetables,  died 
of  the  fcurvy  \  but  a  far  greater  part  of  fevers. 
The  exceffive  heat  of  tbe  weather  has  fomc- 
times  produced  in  this  place  a  mortal  ficknefs, 
firoilar  to  that  which  in  the  Weft-Indies  goes 
under  the  nam  e  of  the  yellow  fever :  Tbis, 
intheyejr  176;,  proved  very  fatal  to  a  re- 
giment of  foldiers  fent  from  England,  unfea- 
foned  to  fuch  climates,  from  the  unlortunaie 
circumftance  of  their  being  landed  there  in 
the  height  of  the  fickly  feafon.  This  ficknefs 
raged  cbiefly  io  the  forr,  where  tiiO  air  in  the 
foldieis  barracks,  which  were  {faelt^red  from 
thefea  breeze  by  the  walls  of  the  fort,  was 
extremely  fultry  and  unhealthy. 

It  is  worthy  of  remark,  that  during  the 
fatal  rage  of  this  fever  at  Penfacola,  fuch  as 
lived  00  board  the  (hips  in  the  harbour  efca- 
ped  it.  Penfacola  is  however  of  late  efteem- 
ed  more  healthy  than  Mob:le,  where  inter- 
mitting fevers  prevail  in  the  months  of  July, 
Auguft,  and  September,    For  which  fevers^ 


July 


both  in  this  and  oor  other  American  colo* 
nies,  we  (ball  in  general  obferve,  that  the 
bark  has  been  found  a  fovereign  remedy,  and 
ought  to  be  adminifbred  on  the  firft  remiffioa 
of  the  it^tt^  as  on  its  early  admiaiflraiion 
will  greatly  depend  the  prcfcrvaJoo  ot  tbe 
patient's  conOiiution.** 

XI  I#  ComJideratUtit  •«  tb*  frfl  ProftCuthn 
of  tbt  Right  Hon,  Frederick  L^rd  Baliimorc. 
6d.  8vo.  Bladon. 

As  the  nobleman  whofe  profecuttoo  is  here 
the  fubjed  of  coofideratioo,  hai  lately  enga- 
ged fo  particular  a  notice  from  the  pullic, 
we  fuppofe  it  will  not  be  difagrecaLle  to  our 
readers  if  we  give  an  exTj^  fiom  the  Preli- 
minary Re  fle^ons  toiiiis  pi-mphlet,  wbiu>, 
to  do  the  author  juftite,  in  many  points  Uc- 
l^rves  the  attention  of  every  diipaflionaic  .?- 
quirer.— ••  As  none  are  condemned  iii  ih  s 
country  by  the  laws  unheard,  neither  fliowiJ 
anyone  fufTer  for  fuppoied  oft  uc4.s  without 
the  liberty  of  open  ror>p!a>nt|  opprefiion 
here  treads  not  with  iflK-nt  foot;  acculations 
cannot  long  be  kept  I'ccret,  and  puni(hmer.;s 
are  never  concealed.  Every  teit  of  enquiry 
may  be  ufed,  and  ever)  loi^guc  is  at  large  to 
cxprcfs  the  refuh  of  it. 

Yet  whilft  «ke  tc^tCt  with  pleafure  that  all 
le^al  aftjirs  are  known  pubiickly,  we  muft 
not  forget  that  what,  in  the  free  ft'te  of  hu- 
man natuie,  is  the  daty  and  office  of  all,  be- 
come, in  pcl.tical  I'acieiies,  the  province  of 
a  few.  Let  the  peop  e  keep  a  watchful  e>e 
over  the  minifters  of  juOice,  but  never  take 
the  execution  of  it  into  their  own  hacds»They 
are  but  young  children,  wno  think,  that 
tiuth  is  mod  ealy  to  be  known,  and  feek  it 
but  in  the  (irft  impreflion  of  the  f<-nfer. 
D.dimulation  an3  hypocrify  afford  fo  difguifed 
a  cover  lo  the  mind,  that  men  (hould  always 
be  ui>on  their  guard  againii  impofition.  Fa£^:, 
ftiU-born  fa€ts,  lie  witbin  the  compafa  of  but 
few  to  obferve  \  and  even  faAs  themfelves 
change  as  to  their  weight  and  coafequence  by 
tbe  force  of  fucceeding  ones. 

Experience  too  .  often  gives  place  to  the 
narration  of  others,  and  we  lay  oarfdves  open 
to  deception,  in  proportion  as  we  increafe 
in  credulity.  The  goodness  of  our  own 
hearts  fubje£ts  us  to  the  arts  of  wickednefs, 
for  when  we  woold  not  impofe  upon  others, 
we  believe  tbstwe  are  not  ourfelves  impofcd 
upon.  This  is  the  great  advantage  which  i!e- 
(igning  men  have  ovir  tbe  innocent  \  they 
lay  their  plots  in  the  dark  recelTes  of  their 
own  minds,  and  fix  the  belief  of  them  be- 
fore they  are  known  to  the  ob^£ls  of  their 
opprefiion. 

Every  juft  man  reveres  the  open  and  un- 
bialfcd  difcuflion  with  which  all  mat'ers  of 
inquiry  are  profecuted  in  our  courts  of  juftice; 
and  every  lover  of  good  order  (hould  be  ready 
to  fubmit  his  own  prejudices  to  the  laftdc- 
tcrmiiMiioa  of  the  law,*' 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


^rud 


iL^sd&i^  Christian,  tji. 

King  of  Denmakk^ — ■ — 


6domy  2 .  fa\  ^^7*/^  • 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


The  London  Magazine. 


Or,    GEN  T  LE  M  A  N's  Monthly  Intelligencer  ; 
For     A  U  G  U  S  T,     176S 


Hiftory  of  Mrs.  Matilda  Markham  396 
Account  of  the  Archbifliops  of  Canter- 
bury from  the  Reftoration  398 
And  of  the  late  Archbiniop  Seeder  439 
Tawdry  French  Pageantry                400 
The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  Seflion  of  Par- 
Itament,  &c.                          401 — 404 
Letter  from  the  Afl'embly  of  Maflachu- 
fett's  Bay,  to  the  E.  of  Chatham  404 
•Stri<5tures  on  a  laie  Defence  of  intole- 
rant Popery                                      406 
Antidote  to  fome  late  Publications  408 
Medicinal  Prep^raiioHs  ot  Iron         409 
Of  Phyficians  Recipes                         410 
Of  the  Limitations  of  Eftates           41 1 
An  interelling  Cafe                             41* 
Exccfilve  Heat  at  Bengal                  413 
Excellent  Remonrtrante  of  the   Infur- 
gents  at  Midrid                    414  —  416 
Conditution  of  Barbadoen                 417 
Trial  of  the  Seven  Coal-Heavers     418 
Full  Account  of  the  late  I^iftuibances 
in  New-England                 421*— 416 


Altercations    between    the   Governor 

and  the  Afl*i:mbly,  with  the  DiUblu- 

tion  of  the  hotter  440 

Trial  of  Maclane  for  the  Murder  of 

Allen,  vrith  Remarks        426 428 

Remarks  on  the  dcfigned  Treritment 
of  America  428—430 

Satirical  Letter  from  Voltaire         431 
Difl'edion'  of    a    modern  fine  Lady's 
Head  432 

Our  penal  Laws  unequal  433 

Life  of  Pope  Si^tus  V.         433 — 456 
Poetical  Essays  437 

The  l^IoNTHLV  Chuono/.oger    440 
Impartial  Review  of  New  Publicilioiis 

»  44-5 

Memoirs  of  Cordca 
Marriages  and  Births  \  Deaths 
FoKEiGN  Affairs 
Ecclcfiattical  Preferments 
Promotions  Civil  and  Military 
Monthly  Bill  of  Mortality 


446 
447 
441 

ibid, 
ibid. 
448 


Stocks,  Grain  j  Wind  and  Weather  394 


WITH 

A    FINE    PORTRAIT     OF    THE     KING     OF    DENMARK, 

ENGRAVED     BY      MILLER, 

AND 

The  Firft  Part  of  a  new  and  accurate  Plan  of  the  Road   from   London 

to    BilSTpL. 

LONDON:   Printed  for  R.  Baldwin,    at  No.   47,    in  Patcr-noftcr  Row  5 

Of  whom  may  be  had,  compleat  Sets,  from  the  Year  1731,  to  thit  Time,  neatly  bound  or 
fticched,  or  any  finglc  Month  to  cumplete  Sets. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


I  i  c  «  .S  .f= 

*i    ^   .-     C      M     « 

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(/I  '^  a/  CO  CO     -S 

o 

I  " 


s  s 


c   o   E    .  S 


"^^  J 
t* « ^ 


tf  ^  en  r^ 


U^i    -OD^t^c^yi^Cjgle 


tU«9/a  39^1 


THE 


London  Magazine, 

For     AUGUST,      1768. 


THE     FATAL     INDIFFERENCE: 

Or,  the  ittterejling  Hiflory  of  Mrs,  Matilda  Markham.     Ne'ver  before publ'^/bed. 
And  nouu  printed  from  ber  o^wn  Mcinufcript  addrejfed 


S  I 

K 


R, 


To    the   ^DiT  OK    of  the    London    Magazine. 


JirnttJ HEN    people    have 
-J  committed  great  cr- 
'^        rors,    and  in  confe- 
W  ^       quence  of  tho(e  cr- 
)5^       rors  have  experien- 
ff     >t^      ^  ^^^     g^^^^     misfor- 
L    «J  W    ^  tunes,    it  is   a  duty 

**-^  **-^  which  they  owe   fo- 

ciety,  to  warn  others  of  the  rocks  on 
which   their  own    happincfs   has  been 

fo  fatally  loft. From  a  confciouf- 

nefs  of  this  duty,  I  have  troubled  you 
with  the  following  little  narrative, 
which  is  the  hiftory,  the  melancholy 
hiftory  of  my  own  lite,  and  which, 
though  I  cannot  prefumptuoufly  fiope 
it  will  prove  entertaining,  will,  I  flat- 
ter myfelf,  at  leaft  be  produflive  of 
fbme  advantage  to  your  readers. 

I  was  the  only  daughter  of  a  gentle- 
man, Mr.  Editor,  who  held  an  em- 
ployment under  the  government,  that 
amounted  to  five  hundred  pounJs  a 
year  j  yet  though  this  employment  was 
his  principal  dependence,  and  though 
he  was  always  under  a  neccffity  of  ap- 
pearing rather  elegantly  in  the  world, 
fliil  no  care  was  omitted  to  give  his 
favourite  Matilda  a  finifhed  education. 
I  was  therefore  inftru^ted  at  an  early 
period  in  French  and  Italian,  was 
taught  all  the  fafliionable  needleworks 
that  keep  a  young  woman  regularly 
employed,  without  anfwering  any  one 
purpofe  of  real  utility,  and  made  fuch 
a  miftrefs  of  the  harpfichord  before  I 
attained  my  fourteenth  year,  that  I 
was  confidercd  by  the  connoiflTcurs  on 
this  inftrument,  as  a  kind  of  mufical 
miracle  :  Add  to  all  thcfe  accomplifh- 
inents,  that  I  fung  with  fome  voice 
and  much  tafte,  danced  with  remark- 
able grace,  and  polTcfTed  a  perfon 
Auguft,  1768. 


which  was  the  inceffant  objcft  of  gene- 
ral adulation. 

In  giving  this  pifture  of  myfelf,. 
Mr.  Editor,  I  fhall  not  be  fufpedled  of 
vanity,  becaufe  at  the  very  period  I 
am  fpeakingof,  I  was  much  more  in- 
titled  to  pity  than  to  praife  ;  my  edu- 
cation, fir,  had  been  elegant,  but  no 
way  ufeful,  and  it  rather  ferved  to  in- 
crease my  pride,  than  to  enlarge  my 
underftanding — inftead  of  teaching  me 
to  be  chearful,  humble,  and  obliging, 
it  rendered  me  /"uUen,  froward,  and 
capricious,  and  therefore  inftead  of 
modeftly  endeavouring  to  obtain  the 
eltcem  of  thofe  with  whom  I  conver- 
fed,  I  laid  an  infolent  claim   to  their 

admiration. My  poor    father,    who 

im.igined  the  world  beheld  me  with 
the  eyes  of  his  own  partiality,  rather 
encouraged,  than  difcountenanced  the 
extraordinary  value  which  I  fet  upon 
my  own  accompli(hments,and  negledled 
the  cultivation  of  my  mind,  though 
he  hourly  facrificed  to  my  vanity.— 
He  fancied  that  the  knowledge  of  a 
language  or  two,  would  necefi'arily 
give  me  good  fenfe,  and  believed  the 
turn  of  my  difpofition  muft  be  right, 
becaufe  1   fung  prettily  and   made  a 

fieure  at  my  harpfichord. Alas  ! 

Mr.  Editor,  how  lererely  has  experi- 
ence convinced  me,  that  a  fingle  fcru- 
ple  of  difcretion  outweighs  all  the  be- 
nefits to  be  reaped  from  the  French  or 
the  Italian;  and  how  heartily  do  I 
wi(h  that  the  hours  which  have  been 
fo  prodigally  lavifhed  in  the*  attain- 
ment of  mere  embellifliments,  had 
been  wifely  employed  in  the  Icfs 
fafhionable  ftudics  of  regulating  a  fa- 
mily. 
Wifhes,  however,  will  not,  to  ufe 
D  d  d  »  the 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


39^ 


Fatal   Indifference: 


Aog. 


the  forcible  language    of  a   modem 
writer, 

**  Roll  back  the  flood  of  never-ebbing 
**  time} 
and  therefore  from  ufclcfs  exclamation 
I  (hall  proceed  with  the  fimple  relation 
of  fadls.— Notwvithftanding  roy  bound- 
lefs  vanity,  Mr.  Editor,  and  notwitb- 
iianding  the  well-known  flendernefs  of 
my  father's  circumftances,  I  had  feve- 
ral  advantageous  matches  propofed  to 
me  before  I  reached  my  eighteeenth 
year  ;  but  thefe  were  in  general  dilrc- 
gardcd,  both  becaufe  no  imprefTion 
had  been  made  upon  my  heart,'  and 
becaufe  I  fancied  my  wonderful  merits 
vrould  at  any  time  procure  me  a  huf- 
band  with  an  affluent  fortune ;  at 
length  Mr.  Markham,  who  had  ac- 
quired a  prodigious  property  as  a  com- 
miffary  during  the  late  war,  making 
overtures,  my  father  thought  it  pru- 
dent to  confent,  and  as  I  had  no  ob- 
jefVion  whatever  to  Mr.  Markham's 
peribn  or  manner,  we  were  married  in 
a  few  weeks,  and  I  found  myfelf  mif-  . 
trefs  of  a  magnificent  houfe  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Grofvenor-fquare. 

Being  thus  happily  fettled,  and  in- 
dulged in  every  wifli  of  my  heart  by 
Mr.  Markham,  my  [iride  foon  broke 
out  into  the  rtioft  exceflive  extrava-. 
gance,  and  I  grew  wholly  indifferent 
lo  every  enjoyment  but  my  rage  for 
admiration.— ^In  vain  my  hufband 
exerted  every  argument  of  tendernefs^ 
and  every  a^  pf  generofity,  to  (hew 
me  the  folly,  nay  the  danger  of  my 
purfuit.— His  remonflrances  I  con- 
ilrued  into  infolence,  and  imagined  he 
was  fufHciently  happy  in  the  pofTeflion 
of  fo  invaluable  a  treafure  as  myfelf, 
without  putting  a  difagreeable  rfe- 
llraint  upon  my  inclinations.— The 
truth  was,  he  had  married  me  from  a 
principle  of  affe€iion,  and  I  had  given 
him  m^  hand  intirely  from  motives 
of  vanity.— -He  expeSed  to  have  his 
pafTion  returned  with  tranfport,  and 
I  looked  for  a  continual  round  of  elit- 
ter  and  difiipation.— -He  pined  to 
have  me  more  at  home,  and  I  ficken- 
ed  for  every  fafhionable  amufement.— 
The  confequenceat  lafl  was,  that  he 
became  gloomy  ip  proportion  as  I 
grew  indifferent,  and  this  gloominefs 
appearing  in  my  conception  of  things 
veiy  u.ngrateful,  I  determined  to  pu- 
iiifh  it  as  much  as  pofTible,  by  engaging 
myfelf  abroad  in  an  cndicfs  round  of 


pleafure,  and  by  making  little  more 
than  a  deeping  place  of  his  houfe. 

In  this  manner  matters  continued 
alpofl  two  years,  during  which  time 
we  had  two  children  ;  but  the  mater- 
nal duties  were  much  too  vulgar  for  a 
woman  of  my  fuperior  accomplifh- 
ments,  and  therefore  I  did  not  ho- 
nour home  the  more  with  my  pre- 
fence  on  account  of  this  increafe  in 
my  family.— —-Notwithftanding  my 
continual  engagements  abroad,  how- 
ever, I  was  about  this  time  informed 
of  a  circuifnftance  which  extremely 
mortified  my  vanity— —•and  this  was, 
that  Mr.  Markham  and  my  woman, 
who  was  a  very  likely  girl,  had  fre- 
quent meetings  at  a  millener*s,  in  one 
of  the  bye-ftreets  of  our  neighbour- 
hood.  —Though   I   never  ftlt  any 

tendernefs  for  Mr.  Markham,  this  in- 
telligence gave  my  pride  a  very  fenfi- 
ble  mortification  :  however  indifferent 
I  might  be  about  him,  there  was  no 
fupporting  the  idea  of  his  infidelity  to 
me  i  I  could  bear  to  fee  him  mifera- 
ble  by  my  negligence,  but  it  was  in- 
tollerable  to  think  of  his  being  attach- 
ed to  any  body  elfe— it  was  a  treafon 
againft  the  majefiy  of  my  merit,  and 
I  determined  in  a  fatal  hour  to  be  am- 
ply revenged  on  the  criminal. — O  ye 
daughters  of  reputation,  beware  of 
exerting  a  falfe  rcfentment,  even 
where  the  perfidy  of  your  hufbands 
may  be  evident. Let  not  his  er- 
rors lead  you  into  aftual  crimes,  nor 
madly  make  a  facrifice  of  your  own 
happinefs,  and  your  own  chara^er, 
through  a  ridiculous  notion  of  retalia- 
ting your  wrongs— you  can  fuffer  no 
difirefs  that  will  ecjual  a  fall  into  infa- 
my.  The  affliction  of  the  innocent 

is  an  elyfium  compared  to  the  angui(K 
of  the  guilty,  and  the  ftroke  of  cala- 
mity is  always  keen  in  proportion  to 
the  confcioufnefs  of  having  deferved  it. 
Had  I  prudently  confidered  this,  while 
the  confideration  could  have  been  ufe- 
ful,  my  bloom  of  life  would  not  now 
be  chilled  by  the  blafts  of  (hame,  nor 
had  the  dorm  of  reproach  rooted  up 
all  the  flattering  proipeCt  of  my  future 

felicity the   funfhinc  of   tranquility 

would  have  fmiled  upon  my  morning, 
and  my  evening  would  have  been 
wholly  unimbittered  with  tears.-  ■  * 
But,  alas !  Mr.  Editor,  I  muft  refcnt 
where  I  ought  to  reconcile,  and  in- 
ftcad  of  recovering  my  hufband's  af- 

ledion. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.  Ovy  ibeHiftoryof 

fedlion,  I  muft  excite  his  deteftation. 
It  is  unnccefl'ary  to  explain  myfelf  far- 
ihrr— tis  ncedlcfs  to  tell  you,  that 
there  are  conftantly  men  enough  to 
Hatter  a  woman  who  has  youth  and  a 
pafTable  perfon,  efpecially  where  (he  is  a 
(lave  to  diifjpation.  — Thif  wai  unhap. 
pi!y  my  cafe,  and  in  the  rafli,  the 
wretched  moment  of  my  indignation 
at  Mr.  Mai  kham's  infidelity,  fome  de- 
mon rendered  a  profefled  admirer  of 
mine  fo  importunate,  that  I  liilened 
to  him  from  motives  of  revenge,  an4 
yielding  to  his  felicitation  on  purpofe 
to  puniib  my  hu(band,  was  utterly  un- 
done. 

The  inconfiderate,  the  unpardona- 
ble ftep  I  had  taken  was  not  long 
conceale<},  nor  did  it  ever  Itrike  me, 
till  it  was  publiihed,  that  without  ma- 
king my  infamy  univerfally  known, 
I  could  enjoy  no  triumph  over  poor 
Mr.  Markham.  It  was  however  no 
fooner  known,  which  was  in  a  few 
days,  throueh  the  vanity  of  my  para- 
mour, than  1  was  overwhelmed  not  only 
with  difgrace,  but  with  remorfe^and 
difcovered  that  my  refentment  a^ainft  ■ 
my  unfortunate  hufband  was  as  unjuftly 
founded,  as  the  fatal  indifference  which 
originally  gave  birth  to  my  crime. — Mr. 
Mar)diam,  indeed,  had  frequent  meet- 
ings with  my  woman  at  the  milliner's 
I  have  mentioned  5  but  there  meetings 
were  perfectly  innocent,  nay  they  were 
perfe^ly  laudable}  the  round  of  amufe- 
ments  in  which  I  was  conflantly  en- 
gaged, and  the  avidity  with  whi^h  I 
liHened  to  every  coxcomb  that  offered 
up  incenfe  at  the  (hrine  of  my  vanity, 
had  for  a  long  time  filled  him  with 
doubts  of  my  honour,  and  he  naturally 
enough  imagined,  that  (he,  who  dif- 
dained  to  preferve  the  appearance  of 
reputation,  would  entertain  but  little 
regard  for  the  reality.  — Adluated  by  a 
belief  of  this  nature,  and  fuppofmg 
that  my  woman  muft  necelTanly  be 
my  confidant,  in  cafe  of  any  illicit  cor- 
ref  pondence,  he  had  frequent  appoint- 
ments with  her  at  the  milliner's,  not 
chufing,  for  fear  of  fufpicion,  to  con- 
vcrh  with  her  privately  in  his  own 
houfe.--.Thusthe  very  meafureshe  took 
to  fave  me  from  ruin  became  material 
caufes  of  my  deftrn^lion ;  and  thus  by 
the  propofterous  pride  of  a  v^  retch,  who 
was  wholly  unworthy  of  him,  the  hap- 
pinefs  of    his    family   was    eteriyilly 


Mrs.  Markham. 


397 


blafted,  while  he  eameftly  laboured 
for  its  reftoration. 

Had  the  unhappy  confequence,  how- 
ever, terminated  here  Mr."^  Editor,  I 
think  it  would  have  been  poflible  for  a 
life  of  peniteiice  to  giv«  me  fome  dif* 
tant  idea  of  comfort,  and  the  difgrace 
to  which  I  am  jultly  caft  out,  might 
be  confidered  as  a  kind  of  expiation  for 
my  crime— but,  alas !  the  guilt  of  in- 
fidelity  was  to  be  attended  with  blood, 
and  Mr.  Markham  was  not  only  to  be 
ruined  in  his  peace,  but  my  father  !— • 
O,  Sir,  the  recolle6^ion,  the  bare  re- 
collection of  the  miferies  which  my  in* 
famy  has  produced,  almoft  drives  me 
into  madnefs ;  and  I  am  aftonifhed 
that  the  laws  do  not  cut  o(F  fuch  mon- 
fters  as  myfelf  from  the  face  of  fociety. 
—-Mighty  God  look  down  upon  me 
with  an  eye  of  compadion— thefe 
tears  are  not  the  tears  of  difappointed 
pride,  nor  are  thefe  treffes  now  torn 
from  my  miferable  head,  becaufe  my 
vanity  is  no  longer  to  be  indulged.—— 
No,  the  angui(h  of  my  foul  is  now  the 
genuine  remit  of  contrition— -and 
I  will  hope  for  pardon  in  the  future 
world,^  tlrough  I  neither  can  look  for 
tranquility  or  forgivene fs  in  this :— - 
but  to  ^o  on. 

The  inftant  that  my  perfidy  reached 
Mr.  Markham^s  ears  he  flew  to  me, 
{I  was  then  in  my  d reding  room)  and 
in  a  tone  of  the  utmoft  defpair  ex- 
claimed, "  O  Matilda  !  what  have  I 
done  te  deferve  thi»?— -Was  it  not 
enough  to  deftroy  my  repofe  without 
murdering  ifly  reputation  5  or  if  you 
had  no  regard  for  my  honour,  why 
were  you  loft  to  all  pity  for  your  hdp- 
Icfs  innocents  J  they  have  never  offend- 
ed, though  I  may  have  unhappily  dif- 
pleafed,  and  they  were  entitled  to  fome 
little  companion,  though  no  pity  what- 

foever  might  be  <lue  to  me : but. 

Madam,  continued  he,  raifmg  his  voice 
into  a  fiercenefs  that  petrefied  me, 
though  you  have  made  me  wretched 
you  fiiall  not  make  me  contemptible*— 
this  moment  you  muft  quit  my  houfe 
nor  (hall  you  ever  enter  my  ha- 
bitation   more the    unhapy    little 

ones    will    be    carefully   attended    to 

but  they  (hall  be  taught  to  forget 

every  trace  of  a  mother  who  has  co- 
vered them  with  infamy,  and  planted 
daggers  in  the  bofom  of  their  unfor- 
tunate father."— -Saying  this  he  hur- 
ried 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


oQ  g  Archbifloops  of  Canterbury. 

ritd  out,  while  I  fainted  in  the  arm« 
of  my  woman,  and  remained  fo  wholly 
fcnfcleis  for  fevcral  hours,  that  my  re- 
covery was  entirely  dcfpaircd  of. 

On  recovering  the  ule  of  my  fenfes, 
O  what  a  misfortune  is  the  power  of 
rccolleaion  to  the  wretched  !  I  waj 
removed,  in  obedience  to  Mr.  Mark- 
hara't  pofitivc  order,  to  my  father's.— 
Here  inltcad  of  receiving  conlolation  I 
was  to  look  for  the  keencft  of  aU  re- 
proach;  but  contrary  to  my  expec- 
tations, the  voice  that  hailed  me 
was  the  voice  of  pity,  and  the  venera- 
ble author  of  my  being  was  almoft  in 
the  agonies  of  death,  as  they  led  me 
irembiing  to  his  apartment.— He  had 
been  for  a  long  time  confined  by  the 
gout,  and  this  unlocked  for  calamity 
throwing  it  inftantly  in  his  ftomach 
beyond  the  power  of  medicine,  he  lay  pa- 
tiently waiting  for  the  moment  of  dif- 
iblution.— On  my  entrance  he  wasraifcd 
up  in  his  bed,  where  he  held  forth  his 
trembling  hands,  and  with  fome  diffi- 
culty  articulated,  "O  Matilda,  forgive 
yourdyingfather--it  was  my  miftakcn 
manner  of  education  that  has  ruined 
my  unhappy  child  T^-He  ifculd  ulter 
no  more-his  pangs  came  on  him  too 
faft,  and  he  expired  before  they  could 
convey  rae  from  the  dreadful  fcene  to 
another  room.- -Here  I  was  fcized  with 
a  violent  fever  and  lay  delirious  feve- 
ral  days.-When  the  violence  of  my 
diforderwas  fomewhat  abated— I  en- 
quired- I  ventured  to  enquire,  after 
Mr.  Maikham  and  my  poor  chii- 
dren-the  accounts  I  recei^rcd  were  flat- 
tering and  greatly  forwarded  my  reco- 
Tcry--but  my  health  was  no  fooner 
re-eftablifhed,  than  I  found  thefe  ac- 
counts to  be  entirely  the  pious  frauds 
offiicndOiip,  and  calculated  only  to 
haftcnmy  amendment.— Thetruth  was, 
Mr.  Markham  had  been  obliged  to  fiy 
for  killing  the  wretched  partner  of  my 
guilt,  in  a  duel,  and  he  took  the  two 
children  along  with  him— where  he 
had  taken  refuge  nobody  could  teil  me, 
nor  have  I  to  this  hour  dilcovercd  the 
place  of  his  retreat.—  His  houle,  his  ef- 
tatcs,  his  property  in  the  funds,  were 
all  converted  into  money-- -and  once  a 


Aug. 

prote<5^ion.---0  that  he  knew  the  an- 
guifh  of  my  heart,  or  heard  that  my 
time  is  wholly  pafled  in  folitude  and 
tears.--0  that  he  would  blefs  me  with 
one  look  at  my  poor  children.— -'Ti« 
true  their  molher  is  a  fcandal  to  them, 
and  the  mention  of  her  name  muft  tinge 
their  young  checks  with  an  inftant 
glow  of  indignation ---but  my  fwcet 
babes— my  lovely  little  ones,  though 
your  mother  is  an -outcaft--- though 
(lie  is  a  wretch  fhe  feels  for  you  with 
thekeeneft  fenfibility—and  would  fa- 
crifice  her  life  with  joy  to  be  convinc- 
ed that  you  are  in  health  and  fccurity, 
---flic  mult  not  dare  to  indulge  the 
hope  of  ever  feeing  your  highly  in- 
jured father— that  happinefs  (he  has 
eternally  forfeited— could  (lie.  however, 
clafp  you  for  a  moment,  a  fingle  mo- 
ment   to    her    agonizing    bofom   (he 

would OMr.  Markham,  if  this  paper 

(hould  happily  fall  into  your  hands,  be- 
(low  one  charitable  thought  upon  a 
creature  now  humUled  in  the  du(f,  and 
bleediRg  with  the  decpeft  contrition 
for  her  crimes- -as  a  wife  ftie  does  not 
prefume  to  mention  herfelf---nor 
means  to  addrefs  your  tcnderncfs,  but 
to  implore  your  humanity- -have  pity 
on  her  therefore,  dear  Sir- --onlyfay  that 
you  are  well  yourfclf,  and  tharjow chil- 
dren are  in  fafety,  and  if  the  prtyers 
of  fuch  a  monftcr  to  the  throne  of 
mercy  can  be  any  way  efficacious,  t^e 
little  remnant  of  her  unfortunate  life 
(liall  be  employed  in  fupplicating  that 
happinefs  for  you  and  jo«rj  both  here 
and  hereafter,  which  (he  can  never 
enjoy  in  this  world,  and  which  without 
your  forgivenefs  (lie  may  po(ribly  have 
forfeited  in  the  next. 

Matilda  Markham, 


year  I  receive  a  cover  containing  a  note 
for  two  hundred  pounds-- -it  comes 
from  his  appointment  I  am  well  con- 
vinced, but  there  is  no  po(ribility  of 
tracing  him,  though  it  is  now  feven 
>  cars  lincc  he  juflly  ipurncd  me  from  his 
5 


Account  of  the  Archbijbops  ff/ Canterbury 
from  the  Rcf  oration, 

SEPT.  3,  1660.  Dr.  William 
JuxoN,b»fliop  of  London,  and  who 
attended  King  Charles  I.  at  the  fcaf- 
fold.  He  died  at  his  palace  at  Lambeth 
the  4.th  of  June,  1663.  aged  eighty- 
one,  and  was  buried  in  St.  John's  Col- 
lege,  Oxon,   the  7th  of  July  following. 


clofe  by    his  predecefi'or  Archbifhop 
Laud. 

July  14,  1663,  Dr.  Gilbert  Shel- 
don, Bi(hop  of  London,  who  in  1W7, 
was  clewed  chancellor  of  the  univerfi- 
ty  of  Oxon,  but  was  never  inftallcd, 

or 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Since  the  Rejioration. 


399 


or  ever  was  thefe  after  that  time,  no, 
not  (o  much  as  to  fee  his  noble  work 
called  the  theatre,  neither  was  he  at 
Canterbury  to  be  perfonally  inftalled, 
or  upon  any  other  occafion  while  he 
was  archbiAiop.  He  died  at  Lambeth, 
Nov.  the  9th,  17671  aged  feventy-nine, 
and  was  privately  buried  according  to 
his  own  dclire  in  Croydon  church,  near 
to  the  tomb  of  Archbifhop  Whirgift. 
Soon  aftfr  a  mod  ftately  monument 
was  crefled  to  his  memory  by  his  ne- 
phew and  heir.  Sir  Jofeph  Sheldon, 
JLord  Mayor  of  London  the  preceding 
year. 

Jan.  17.  1678.  Dr.  William  San- 
croft,  dean  of  St.  PauPs,  who  though 
he  fubfcribed  to  the  declaration  to  the 
Prince  of  Orange,  yet  when  the  revo- 
lution was  compleated,  fuch  was  his 
timidity  and  irrelolution,  though  he 
had  two  years  indulgence,  that  he  de- 
clined taking  the  oaths  to  their  maje- 
fties  King  William  and  Queen  Mary, 
confequently  was  deprived  the  ift.  of 
February,  1691.  And  he  died  the  i+th 


bifliop  of  Oxford  in  171 5,  author  of 
the  antiquities  of  Greece,  an  edition  of 
Clemens  Alexandrinus,  L)Cophron'i, 
Alexandra,  a  difcourfe  of  church  go- 
vernment, and  fome  fcrmons.  He 
died  of  an  apoplectic  fit  at  his  pa- 
lace at  Lambeth,  the  10th  of  Od. 
'747»  ^gc^  feventy-five,  worth  90,000  1, 
He  left  1500I.  for  a  monument  to  be 
erc6lcd  in  Croydon  church,  which 
however  is  not  ^ct  executed. 

Nov.  12.  1747.  Dr.  Thomas  Her-- 
RING,  bifhop  of  B.ingor  in  1737,  and 
in  174.7  archbifhop  of  York.  He  died 
at  his  palace  at  Croydon  the  13th  of 
March,  1757,  aged  fixty-five,  and  wai 
there  buried. 

April  a,  1757.  Dr.  Matthew 
HuTTON,  archbiihop  of  Vork.  He  died 
at  his  palace  at  Lambeth,  the  19th  of 
March,  1758,  aged  about  60.  Buried 
in  the  parilh  chu»ch  at  Lambeth. 

March  30,  1758.  Dr.  Thomas  Sec- 
KER,  bilhop  ot  Oxford  (Seep.  439,) 
He  held  the  redory  of  St.  James's, 
feventceii    years,,     and   in    that   time 


of  November,  1693,  aged  77,  and  w"as  viz.  in  1734  was  confecrated  bifljop  of 
,  •  .  •,  T>  i-  /..ij  _L  _  .L  ._  1  Briftol  on  the  tranflition  of  Bifhop  Ce- 
cil, and  in  1737  was  tranflated  to  the 
dioccfe  of  Oxford,  on  the  promotion 
of  bifhop  Potter  to  the  arch  Mflioprick. 
In  17SO1  he  refigned  the  re6tory  of  St. 
James's,  on  the  King's  appointment  of 
his  lordfhip,  unfoUicited  by  Iiim,  to  the 
deanery  of  St.  Paul's,  when  Bifliop 
Butler  was  advanced  to  the  valuable 
fee  of  Durham  in  1758.  He  was  raifed  to 
the  metropolitan  fee  of  Canterbury,  and 
confirmed  at  Bow  church  the  20th  of 
April  archbifhop  of  Canterbury.  His 
grace  was  a  prelate  of  great  learning, 
piety,  and  charity,  a  conflant  and  ex- 
cellent preacher,' and  in  his  fernions 
gave  a  nobJe  fpecinien  of  praiSlicat 
preaching,  adapted  to  the  circum- 
ftances  of  the  congregation,  delivered 
with  a  becoming  freedom  which  he 
prefTed  home  on  the  hearts  of  his  audi- 
tors ;  his  charity  w<>s  unbounded,  gjv- 
irg  annually  great  Turns  away  not  only 
to  the  poor  in  the  neighbourhood  where 
he  lived,  but  to  many  perfons  in  dif- 
tant  places  of  this  kingdom.  He  gave 
in  his  life  time  50!  towards  building 
a  chapel  of  tui'e  to  the  pirifli  of  Lam- 
beth, at  Stockwc!!,  and  was  afterw.irc's 
a  farther  bcrnefaCtor  to  it.  His  legacies 
to  divers  public  ch:»rities  amount  to 
iioool.  which,  with  loool.  that  he 
direfted  to  be  divided  amongrt  eleven 
of  his  fvrvanu,  make  up  above  one  third 

Of 


buried  in    Frefir.gficld  church     yard 
Suflblk. 

May  31,  1691.  Dr.  John  Tillot- 
SON,  prebend  of  Canterbury  1669, 
dean  thereof  1672,  and  rcfidentiary  of 
St.  Paul's  in  1677  ;  dean  of  St.  Paul's 
1689,  confecrated  arcnbilhop  of  Can- 
terbury May  31,  1691,  author  of  many 
excellent  fcrmons.  He  died  at  his  pa- 
lace at  Lambeth,  Nov.  23,  1694,  agtd 
fixty-four,  and  was  buried  the  30th 
a:  St.  Lawrence  in  the  Old  Jewry,  bi- 
fhop Bjrnet  preaching  his  tuacral  fer- 
mon. 

Jan.  16,  1695.  Dr.  Thomas  Te- 
gison, bifliop  of  Lincoln  in  1691. 
He  earneftly  defired  that  the  might 
live  to  fee  the  fucct^fTion  take  place 
in  the  prefent  royal  family,  which 
accordingly  he  did.  He  died  at 
his  palace  at  Lambeth  the  14th  of  De- 
cember 1715,  aged  fcventy-tight,  and 
was  buried  there. 

Jan.  j6,  1716.  Dr.  William  Wake, 
bifhop  of  Lincoln  in  1705,  a  verv  grer.t 
controverfial  writer,  and  who  after  his 
advancement  to  the  archicp.lcopslchair, 
departed  from  thofe  moderate  princi- 
ples which  at  that  time  occafioncd  his 
promotion.  He  died  at  his  palace  at 
Lambeth  the  24th  of  Jan.  1737,  aged 
feventy-nine,  and  was  buried  at  Croy- 
don.    He  died  worth  I  CO, 000 1. 

Feb.  z8.    1737.  Dr.  John  Poti^er, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


333 


Paliry  French  Pageantry 


of  what  he  died  poflciTed  off.  He  was 
buried  the  9th  of  Auguft,  purfuant  to 
his  own  defire,  in  Lamoeth  church  yard, 
)>etween  the  garden  gate  ^nd  the  north 
door  of  the  church,  and  in  his  will  de- 
iired  that  no  epitaph,  nor  monument, 
fhall  be  placed  for  him  any  where. 
His  ci.apiain  Dc,  Porteus,  re6^or  of 
Lambeth,  preached  a  fermon  on  his 
death  the  ^^A  of  Auguft,  from  the  i4tb 
!Rev.  13th  V.  /  beard  a  voice  from  bea- 
njen,  faying  unto  me,  lurife,  bUJfed  are 
tbe  dead  ijuhicb  die  in  tbe  Lord^  from 
henceforth :  Yea^  faith  tbe  Jpirit,  that 
they  may  refk  Jr^m  their  labours  i  and 
their  *wQrh  dofoUow  them.  His  grace 
left  great  pan  of  hii  library  to  the  pub- 
lic library  at  Lambeth,  to  which  there 
has  not  been  any  number  of  books  left 
*  for  thefe  fifty  years  pad,  fo  that  this 
legacy  muft  be  a  valuable  addition  to 
that  repofitory  of  learning. 

^t  was  fomewhat  remarkable  that  this 
great  prelate  had  the  honour  to  be 
at  Norfolk  houfe  when  our  prefent 
fovereigu  was  born ;  that  he  baptized, 
inarned  and  crowned  bis  majedy, 
and  baptifed  feveral  of  his  maj  e(ly*s 
children. 

Extra3  cf  a  Letter  from  a  Gentleman  at 
Calais,  to  bis  Friend  in  London. 

THE  arrival  of  the  king  of  Den- 
mark hath  entirely  opened  a  frc(h 
fource  of  fcltivity.     As  a  mark  of  the 
French  court's  great  refpcdt  for  ihcir 
royal   vifitor,    tbe  king   of  Denmark, 
orders  were  iflucd  by  t!ic  governor  to 
the  public,  commanding  them  to  pay 
him  all  the  honours  due  to  his  great 
dignity,  and  to  omit  no  one  thing  that 
would  afford  fatisfadtion   to  him  dur- 
ing his  Oiort  ftay  amongd  them.    The 
Canaille,    who    are    the    molt  fervile 
creatures  upon  eartli,  obeyed  the  in- 
jundlion  of  their  fuperior,  and  exhibit- 
ed every  thing  that  was  joyous,  as  a 
public  fpeftacle,  to  the  numerous  crouds 
of  gazing  fpeClators,  who  feemed  highly 
pleafed    with   their   pageantry,    which 
confided  of  fhip  pendants,  (beets,  coun- 
terpanes, gowns,   petticoats,  and  even 
pocket  handkerchiefs  were  not  negle^led 
to  be  difplayed,  to  make  the  fccne  as 
brilliant  as  poifible.  Tbele  were  placed 
on-ropes  hung  acrofs  the  ilreets  from 
the  oppofite  windows,  and  meanly  de- 
corated with    ribbons  in  execrable  de- 
vices,   too  mean   for  imagination    to 
form  any  idea  of.     As  for  my  pact,  I 


Aug. 

could  notbut  think  that  the  great  appea- 
ranee  of  chamber  linn^n  which   I  Jaw, 
was  the  produce  of  a  general  wa(h,  and 
that  they  were  thus  lufpendcd  merely 
for  the  lake  of  drying  with  the  greater' 
expedition  :  But  about  five  o'clock  in 
the  evening  his  Danilh  majefty  entered 
the  city  in  regal  ftate,  in  a  coach  drawn 
by  eight.  French  palfries,  and  not   two 
of  one  colour  J  the  traces   of  his  car- 
riage were  ropes,  and  all  the  other  ac- 
coutrements of  the  lame  compofition, 
meanly  adorned  with  worfted  trappings, 
far  inferior  to  thole  of  *hc  raeaneft  dray- 
hoife  in  Eftgland ;  and  to  complete  the 
grotefque  appearance  of  the  cavalcade, 
a  meagre  vifaged  pollillion  was  uOiercd 
to  view,  with  a  monftrous  pair  oJ  jack- 
boots, the  circumference  of  them  be- 
ing nearly  the  fizcof  a  moderate  wheel, 
and  adorned  with  a  fpur  little  lefs  than 
the  palm  of  my  hand.  Thus  attended, 
was   his  majefly   conveyed  to  the  Hotel 
D'Anglctcire,    where   a    canopy    was 
ereded  acrofs   the  Itreet,    made  of  a 
fheet,    fupported   at   each   corner    by 
pieces  of  packthread,  and  in  tlis  center 
adorned  with  a  curious  taflel.of  jagged 
filk,  the  refufe  of  fome  mantua  maker's 
pinking  irons.  Here  his  majedy  dined, 
and  flayed  near  three  hours,  and  after- 
wards walked  round  the  town  to  view 
the  mod  material  things  in  ir. 

About  hnlfpaft  eight,  he  went  to  the 
Kottrl  de  Villc,  where  a  fupper  w»ii 
provided,  a  profufion  of  foup,  and  not 
one  ful:)ltanrial  difl\  in  the  repaft  that 
a  brother  idander  could  have  niade  a 
meal  of.  Immediately  after  fupper 
the  Feu  de  Joy  was  difplayed,  but  a 
more  wretched  appearance  fure  never 
was  offered  to  the  eyes  of  majelly. 

WE  have  prcfcnted  our  readers 
this  month,  with  a  fine  portrait 
of  that  amiable  prince  the  king  of  Den- 
mark, now  refident  amongft  us,  and 
think  it  necefl'ary  to  acquamt  the  rea- 
der that  all  particulars  of  his  charafter^ 
marriage,  &c.  may  be  feen  in  our  vols, 
for   1766,  p.    55,  56,  III,    ai6,    440, 

495»  54S»  54^>  547.  55»>  ^oo  \  ^7^7*  654, 
and  that,  under  Denmark,  in  our  Ge- 
neral Index,  they  will  find  abundant  fa- 
tisfadtioi^  relative  as  well  to  the  hillory 
and  conllitution  of  Denmark,  as  to  the 
tranfa6lions  of  the  two  late  monarchs.  . 
We  have  alfo  given  them  the  firft 
part  of  an  accurate  map,  or  plan  of  the 
road  from  London  to  Briftol. 

The 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.  401 

The  Hiftory  of  the  lad  Seffion  of  Parliament,  6fr. 

The  Wfiory  of  the  SeffioH  of  ParliameHt  ivbicb  b^qan  liov,  11 ,  1766,  being  tbefxtb 
Sejfion  of  the  Tnvelfth  Parliament  ^Grcat- Britain,  nvitb  an  Account  of  all  the  ma^ 
terial  Sluefiions  therein  determined^  and  of  the  Political  Difputes  tberelry  ojccafioned 
iviibout  Door  J,    Continued  from  p,  349. 


ON  the  16th  of  January,  a  peti- 
tion of  feveral  gentlemen,  tree- 
holders,  and  tradefmen  of  the  borough 
of  Rippon,  and  others,  of  the  Weft 
Riding  of  YorkHiire,  was  prefented  to 
the  houfe,  and  read;  fettin^  forth, 
that  by  improving  and  extending  the 
navigation  of  the  rivers  Ouze  and  Ure 
in  the  county  of  York,  and  by  making 
navigable  cuts  or  canals  to  the  borough 
of  Rippon  in  the  faid  county,  a  more 
fafe  and  expeditious  communication 
will  be  opened  up  and  down  the  faid 
rivers  and  canals,  from  and  to  the 
cities  of  London  and  York,  the  town 
of  Kingfton  upon  Hull,  and  other 
parts  of  this  kingdom  $  and  that  the 
laid  navigation  may  be  improved,  and 
extended  for  the  fum  of  14000  1.  which 
feveral  of  the  petitioners  and  others 
have  agreed  to  advance,  and  lend  up- 
on the  credit  of  the  tolls  and  duties 
to  be  raifed  upon  the  faid  navigation, 
upon  intcreit,  at  the  rate  of  5I.  per 
cent,  and  therefore  praying  that  leave 
may  be  given  to  bring  in  a  bill  for 
that  purpofe,  under  fuch  regulations, 
and  with  fuch  powers  and  provifions 
as  to  the  houfe  (hall  feem  meet.  On 
which  this  petition  was  referred  to  the 
confideration  of  a  committee. 

The  fame  day  a  petition  of  the  feve- 
ral gentlemen,  mine-adventurers,  and 
freeholders  of  the  North  Riding  of  the 
county  of  York  ;  another  of  the  feve- 
ral gentlemen,  freeholders,  and  tradef- 
men of  the  borough  of  North  Aller- 
too ;  and  another  of  the  feveral  mer- 
chants and  others  of  the  town  of 
Kingfton  upon  Hull,  were  feverally 
prefented  to  the  houfe  and  read  $  re- 
prefeniing  feveral  advantages  which 
would  attend  the  improving  and  ex- 
tending the  navigation  up  the  rivers 
Ouze  and  Ure,  from  the  city  of  York 
to  the  borough  of  Rippon  j  and  there- 
fore praying  that  leave  may  be  given 
to  bring  in  a  bill  for  improving  and 
extending  the  faid  navigation  up  the 
faid  rivers,  to  the  borough  of  Rippon. 
On  which  thefe  petitions  were  feveral- 
ly ordered  to  be  referred  to  the  com- 

Auguft,  1768. 


mittee,  to  whom  the  preceding  petition 
was  referred.  On  the  12th  of  March 
Sir  Fletcher  Norton,  according  to  or- 
der, prefented  a  bill  for  making  navi- 
gable the  river  Ure,  from  its  junc- 
tion with  the  river  Swale,  to  the  bo- 
rough of  Rippon,  which  was  read  a 
firft  time,  and  ordered  to  be  read  a 
fecond.  On  the  i^th  it  was  read  a  fe- 
cond  time  and  committed.  On  the 
31ft  Mr.  Lawrence  reported  from  tlic 
committee  to  whom  the  bill  was  com- 
mitted, that  the  committee  had  exa- 
mined the  allegations  of  the  bill,  and 
found  the  fame  to  be  true  ;  and  that 
the  committee  had  gone  through  the 
bill,  and  made  feveral  amendments 
thereunto,  which  they  had  dire6ted 
him  to  report  to  the  houfe.  He  then 
read  the  report  in  his  place,  and  after- 
wards delivered  the  bill,  with  the 
amendments,  in  at  the  table,  where 
the  report  was  read.  But  the  houfe 
being  then  informed  that  fome  other 
amendments  were  neccflary,  the  bill 
was  recommitted  :  but  the  next  day 
the  hill,  with  thefe  amendments,  being 
delivered  in  at  the  table,  and  read, 
they  were  agreed  to  by  the  houfe,  ani 
ordered  to  be  ingrofled.  On  the  3d  of 
April  the  ingroll'ed  bill  was  read  a 
third  time,  and  pafled,  on  which  Mr. 
Lawrence  was  ordered  to  carry  it  up 
to  the  lords  and  defire  their  concur- 
rence. On  the  10th  it  pa  (Ted  the  houfe 
of  Lords  without  any  amendment,  and 
on  the  T5th  it  received  the  royal  aflenr. 

As  extending  the  navigation  of  ri- 
vers, and  the  benefit  of  water  carriage, 
muft  be  of  the  greateft  advantage  to 
a  trading  countrv,  it  is  no  wonder 
that  this  2i6k  pafled  with  the  greateft 
eafe ;  and  that  other  biils  ftiould,  at 
the  fame  time,  be  brought  into  the 
houfe  to  add  farther  improvements  to 
the  great  commercial  county  of  York. 
As  the  river  Swaie  was  in  feme  feafons 
navigable  to  TopciifFe,  and  capable  of 
being  made  navigable  to  Morton  for 
boats  and  barges ;  and  as  the  brook 
running  from  Bed  ale  was  capable  of 
being  made  navigable  from  that  town  to 

£  e  e  iti 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


402      7be  History  of  the  laft 

its  junction  with  the  Swale,  a  number 
of  proprietors  of  eftates,  merchants, 
manufadtarers,  mine  adventurers,  and 
traders,  joined  in  a  petition  that  a  bill 
inight  be  brought  in  for  improving 
and  making  more  navigable  the  river 
Swale,  from  Widdington  Ings,  and 
extending  its  navigation  from  Top* 
cltffe  to  Morton-bridee,  and  for  ma- 
king the  above  brook  navigable  from 
the  Swale  to  the  town  of  Bedale.  A 
bill  was  therefore  ordered  to  be  drawn 
up,  which  pafl'ed  throueh  the  houfe 
in  the  uAial  manner,  and  without  op- 
pofition. 

At  the  fame  time  a  petition;  of  k^t- 
ral  gentlemen,  merchants,  traders, 
and  others  in  the  North  Riding  of 
Yorkfliire,  was  prcfented  to  the  houfe, 
ihewing,  that  the  brookCodbeck,which 
runs  thro*  the  borough  of  Thirfk,might, 
at  a  moderate  ex  pence  be  made  navi- 
gable from  the  Swale  to  that  borough, 
and  be  of  great  benefit  to  the  trade  of 
that  town.  This  petition  mot  with 
fame  happy  fuccefs,  and  three  afts 
were  thus  pafl'ed  for  extending  the  na- 
vigation of  the  rivers  that  fail  into 
the  Ouze. 

On  the  other  hand,  another  petition 
was  prefented  to  the  houfe  for  extend- 
ing the  navigation  of  the  river  Hull, 
which  met  with  the  fame  good  fuccefs, 
and  will  doubtlefs  be  of  confiderable 
advantage  to  the  Eaft  Riding  of  York- 
fhire,  as  the  others  will  be  to  the 
North  and  Weft. 

The  improvement  of  harbours,  and 
rendering  them  more  commodious  for 
(hipping,  is  another  national  concern 
of  extreme  importance  to  trade,  and 
the  fafety  of  our  manners  $  to  the  mer- 
chants, to  the  royal  navy,  and  to  the 
nation  in  general,  and  therefore  I  (hall 
make  no  apology  for  giving  the  follow- 
ing  concife  account  of  an  attempt  made 
by  the  town  of  Kingfton  upon  Hull, 
in  the  fame  county,  to  obtain  an  a£i 
for  the  improvement  of  that  harbour ; 
an  attempt,  which  though '  recom- 
mended to  the  houfe  by  bis  majefty, 
who  generoufly  confented  to  g^ve  the 
land  ncceifary  for  accomplilhing  the 
works  propofed  to  be  made,  failed  of 
iuccefs  \  from  the  impropriety  of  the 
means  by  which  the  money  was  to  be 
raifed  for  carrying  tbem  on,  and' 
which  induced  the  other  trading  towns 
in  the  county  to  petition  warmly  a< 
gainft  it. 


SelTicn  of  Parliament.     Aagt 

On  the  a9th  of  January  was  prefent- 
ed  to    the  houfe,    a  petition  of  the 
mayor  and  bui^gefles  of^  Kingfton  upon 
Hull,    the   gufld    or  brotherhood  of 
mafters  and  pilots,  feamen  of  the  Tri- 
nity houfe  of  that  town,    and  of  the 
merchants  and  owners  of  (hips   be* 
longine  to  the  faid  town :  At  the  fame 
time,  the  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer 
informed  the  houfe,   that  his  majefty, 
having  been  informed  of  the  contents 
of  this  petition,  gave  his  confent,  that 
the  houfe  may  do  as  they  (liall  think 
proper,  and  recommended  this  peti- 
tion to  the  confideratioif  of  the  houfe. 
The  petition  was  then  read,  fetting 
forth  that  the  haven  of  the  faid  town 
is  narrow,  and  a  very  incommodious 
ftation  for  (hipping }  but  that  it  would 
much  conduce  to    the  advantage  of 
the  town  and  port,  and  be  of  con(ide- 
rable  utility  to  his  majefty*8  (hips  of 
war,  and  to  all  perfons  trading  to  the 
northern  parts  of   this  kingdom,    if 
docks  were  made  for  the  reception  of 
ihips,  and  the  haven  rendered  more 
fafe  and  commodious  by  placing  dol- 
phins therein,  and  the  paflage  out  •f 
jt  more  eafy,  by  enlarging  and  extend- 
ing the  fouth-end    jetty   of  the  faid 
town;  and  that  in  order  to  promote 
an  undertakinj;  fo   conducive  to  the 
(ecurity   and  improvement    of  com- 
merce, his  majefty  ha^  moft  gracioufly 
condeicended  to  (ignify  hir  royal  plea- 
furc,  to  grant  for  the  abovementioned 
purpofes  a  piece  of  ground  of  a  trian* 
gular  form,  part  of  the  land  belonging 
to  his  majefty 's  citadel  at  Kingfton  up« 
on  Hull  aforefaid,  amounting  to  about 
(ive  acres.    That  the  ex  pence  of  ma- 
king and  maintaining  the  faid  docks, 
or  other  works,  will  be  coniiderably 
larger   than  the    inhabitants    of    the 
town  can  defray  ;  and  the  petitioners 
conceive  the  fame  cannot  be  effe^ed 
without  fuch  moderate  rates  and  du- 
ties on  (hipping,  as  may  be  propor- 
tionable   to  the  ends  propofed  ;    and 
therefore  praying  that  leave  may  be 
given  to  bring  in  a  bill  for  efte^ing  the 
purpofes  aforefaid,    in  fuch  manner, 
and  under  fuch  regulations,    as  to  the 
houfe  (hould  fcem  proper.    On  which 
the  petition  was  ordered  to  be  referred 
to  the  confideration  of  a  committee  of 
the  whole  houfe. 

Accordingly  on  the  nth  of  March, 
the  houfe  refolved  itfelf  into  a  com- 
Buttce  on  tiiis  petition^  and  leave  was 

(ivcA 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I768.     ^be  History  of  the  taji  Seflion  of  Parliament.      403 


eiven  for  bringing  in  a  bill  for  making 
docks  and  other  conveniences  for  the 
ufe  and  accommodation  of  ihips, 
lengthening  the  fouth  end  jetty^  erect- 
ing dolphinst  and  other  works,  in  the 
haven  and  port  of  Kingfton  upon 
Hull,  and  for  appropriating  certain 
lands  belonging  to  his  majefty  to  thofe 
ufess  and  that  Mr.  Weddell,  Lord 
Robert  Manners,  and  Mr.  Hewet,  do 
prepare  and  bring  in  the  fame. 

This  bill  was  prefented  to  the  boufe 
on  the  19th  of  February,  and  then 
read  the  nrft  time ;  but  being  on  the 
3d  of  March  read  a  fecond  time,  a  pe- 
tition was  prefented  on  the  nth  from 
the  mayor  and  commonalty  of  the  city 
of  York,  fetting  forth,  that  the  peti- 
tioners humbly  apprehend,  that  it 
would  be  highly  unjuft  that  veflels 
paiHng  through  the  Humber,  up  and 
down  the  river  Oufe  and  Trent,  and 
feveral  navigable  rivers  in  the  great 
commercial  county  of  York,  and  ne- 
ver putting  into,  or  (lopping  at,  th^ 
haven  or  port  of  Kingflon  upon  Hull, 
(hould  be  load^  with  a  new  duty  for 
the  improvement  of  that  haven,  from 
whence  they  cannot  receive  any  bene- 
fit }  and  therefore  praying,  that,  if 
the  faid  bill  (hould  pafs  into  a  law, 
proper  provifion  may  be  made  therein 
to  exempt  all  (hips,  or  veHcls  trading 
up  or  down  the  river  Oufe,  and  not 
putting  into  the  haven  or  dock  of 
Ktngfton  upon  Hull,  from  being  fub- 
)e6l  to  the  payment  of  any  rates,  or 
duties  to  be  impofed  for  the  purpofe  of 
im(>roving  that  port  or  haven.  This 
petition  on  bein|;  read,  was.  referred 
to  the  con(ideration  of  the  committee 
to  whom  the  bill  was  committed. 
This  lad  petition  being  however  fuc- 
cefllvely  followed  by  others  fromGainf- 
borough,  Leeds,  Pontefra6l,  and  Hal- 
lifax,  all  to  the  fame  purpofe,  thecon- 
fideration  of  the  bill  was  poftponed  and 
at  length  dropped. 

I  (hall  now  mention  an  unfortunate 
application  to  parliament  of  a  different 
nature  from  the  fore|;oing.  On  the  31ft 
of  January,  a  petition  of  the  gover- 
nors and  company  of  the  merchants  of 
England  trading  into  the  Levant  feas, 
was  prefented  tp  the  houfe,  and  read  % 
fetting  forth,  that  the  trade  between 
this  kingdom  and  Turkey  has,  for  a 
long  fenes  of  years,  been  carried  on 
by  a  fciciety  of  merchautS|  incorpora- 


ted by  charters,  and  regulated  by  a6ls 
of  parliiament;    and,    that    the  Aiid 
trade  is  in  no  fenfe  a  monopoly,    it 
confifting  of  an  unlimited  number  of 
members^  who  each  engage  feparateiy, 
in  the  faid  trade,  at  their  own  rifque» 
and  into  which  company,  any  Briti(h 
fubje^  may  be  admitted,   upon  pay- 
ment of  twenty  pounds ;  and  that,  in 
order  to  carry  on  the  faid  trade  wicii  v 
fafety,  and  for  prote(?iing  his  maje(ty]« 
fubjedts,  in  the  Turkifh  dominions,  it 
has  been  found  nece(rary,  that  there 
(hould   be    an  ambafTador  fent  from 
England  to  refide  at  Con(lantinople» 
and  that  there  (hould  be  confuls,  vice- 
confuls,  and  other  officers  and  fervants, 
in  the  other  parts  of  the  Turki(h  do- 
minions, where  any  Briti(h  fubjeds  re- 
(ide,    or  where  the  Engli(h  carry  on 
trade,  the  whole  expence  whereof  has 
hitherto  been  borne  by  the  Turkey 
company,  and  together  with  other  ne- 
ceflfary  expences,  incident  to  the  car- 
rying on  the  faid  trade,  has,  of  late 
years,  amounted  to  upwards  of  looool. 
per  annum  ;  -and  that  the  chief  of  the 
exports,  from  hence,  to  Turkey,  have 
been  the  produce  and  manufa6Vures  of 
thefe  kingdoms,  vise,  woolen  cloth,  of 
which  the  faid  company,  for  a  long 
term  of  years,  did  not  export  lefs  than 
(ixteen  thoufand  pieces,  and  very  con- 
fiderable  quantities  of  tin,    lead,  and 
other  goods;    and  the  chief  imports 
have  been  raw  materials,  for  pur  ma* 
nufadures,  fuch  as  (ilk,  mohair,  yarn, 
cotton,  and  goats  wool;  and  alCo fruit, 
drugs,  and  many  other  commodities; 
and  that  the  faid  trade,   to  and  from 
Turkey,  once«fo  flourifhing,  is  now^^ 
from  many  unavoidable  events,    and 
concurring  circumftances,    much  re- 
duced ;  and  the  petitioners  are  fenfi- 
ble,   that    they  (hould  not  difcharge 
the  duty    incumbent  upon    them'  by 
their  charter,  nor  the  juftice  they  owe 
to  the  public,  if  they  did  not  declare 
their  inability  to   proceed    any  fur- 
ther,  uiilefs  relieved  by   parliament; 
as,    on    account   of   their  declining 
trade,    they  have  unavoidably  incur-tf 
red  confiderable  debts,    and  are  now 
under   the  neceffity  of  levying  very 
high  duties  (more    than   their  trade 
can  fupport)    in  order  to    raife  fup- 
plies   equal   to   their   expences;    and 
therefore  praying  the  houfe  to  take  the 
premifes  into  comidcration,  and  grant 
£  e  e  a  the 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^be  li  I  STORY  of  tie  lajl  Seflion  (?/ ParliameAt. 


404 

<he  petitioners  fuch  afliftance  and  en- 
couragement»  as  may  be  thought  ne- 
ceflary  and  proper. 

This  petirion  was  however  ordered 
to  lie  upon  the  table,  and  no  farther 
notice  was  taktii  of  it.  Thus  this 

opportunity  of  examining  into  circum- 
flances  of  fuch  confequence  to  the 
trade  of  the  nation  was  loll,  and  the 
Commerce  of  the  company  fuflfered  to 
continue  in  the  fame  languiOiing  ftate, 
without  any  attempt  to  provide  a  re- 
medy againlt  it.  Indeed,  if  the  decli- 
ning condition  of  the  Levant  trade  be 
owing  to  fome  unworthy  members 
fi^udulently  fending  goods  of  little 
or  no  value,  and  felling  them  at  a  high 
price,  as  hath  been  puhlickly  fuggeft- 
cd  i  the  company  have  onlv  to  blame 
thofe  unworthy  members  of  their  own 
body,  who  by  the  grofleft  injuftice 
have  facrificed  the  mterefts  of  all  the 
other  Turkey  merchants  to  the  vile 
confideration  of  perfonal  advantage 
and  prefent  profit;  who  from  the  moft 
fordid  and  mercenary  views  have  not 
only  difgraced  the  Turkey  company 
but  the  nation  in  general,  and  the 
chriilian  religion  among  the  followers 
of  Mahomet :  Nor  can  the  French, 
who  have  fupplanted  the  Englifh  be 
blamed  for  takinig^  advantage  of  their 
wickednefs  and  folly.  Other  circum- 
(lances  may  indeed  have  contributed  to 
the  declining  ftate  of  this  trade,  for 
which  no  perfons  can  be  to  blame, 
as  the  French  having  invented  a  light- 
er, thinner,  and  cheaper  kind  of 
cloth  than  ours,  more  agreeable  to  the 
Turks,  and  more  proper  for  the 
warmth  of  the  climate  :  But  this  alone 
would  not  put  a  ftop  to  the  (ale  of  our 
broad  cloth,  whofe  fuperior  excellence 
in  many  particulars  mult  be  acknow- 
ledged ;  and  is  moft  adapted  for  win- 
ter. But  if  there  be  any  truth  in  the 
reports  of  our  cloth  being  expofed  to 
fale,  with  the  inner  end  of  a  piece 
worfe  than  that  expofed  to  view,  and 
of  many  thoufand  watches  fent  to 
Turkey,  that  would  not  tell  the  hour 
for  a  (ingle  day,  we  cannot  wonder 
that  the  trade  fliould  at  once  decline  ; 
for  a  trade  founded  on  fraud  can  never 
be  lading.  In  this  cafe  it  ought  not 
to  be  fuppofed  that  the  reprefentativet 
of  the  nation  would  contribute  to  the 
fupport  of  a  trade  thus  ruined.  The 
only  remedy  that  can  be  of  real  fer- 
4 


Aug. 

vice  is,  for  the  future,  to  proceed  oa 
principles  of  equity,  and  it  might  pei'. 
haps  be  a  happy  regulation  with  re- 
fpeft  to  this  trade,  if  the  governor  of 
the  Turkey  company,  and  a  particular 
council,  were  invefted  with  fufficient 
authority  to  call  fuch  members  of  their 
own  body,  who  have  thus  injured 
them,  to  an  account,  and  when  found 
guilty  to  punifh  them  by  an  ignomini- 
ous expuliion,  and  the  forfeiture  of 
all  the  goods  unfit  for  fale.  A  public 
office  might  alfo  be  appointed  at  the 
expence  of  the  company,  like  that  of 
the  linen  hall  in  Dublin,  to  examine 
and  mark  the  goods  before  they  are 
fent  abroad. 

[T0  be  continue  J  ia  eur  next."} 

A  Letter  lately  fent  from  the  Hon,  Houft 
ofReprefentati'ves  ^/Maffachufct's  Bay, 
to  the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Chatham. 
My  Lord, 

TH  E  particular  attention  you  were 
pleafed  to  give  to  the  interefl  of 
the  American  fubje^s  when  their 
rights  were  in  danger  5  and  your  no. 
ble  and  fuccefsful  efforts  in  fupport  of 
them,  have  left  in  the  breafts.  of  all, 
the  indelible  marks  of  gratitude.  The 
houfe  of  Reprefentatives  of  this  his 
majefty^s  province,  having  reafon  to 
be  allured,  that  in  every  inftance  of 
your  public  condu6l,  you  are  infiuen> 
ced  by  the  principles  of  virtue,  and  a 
difinterefted  public  affection,  beg  leave 
to  manifeft  ito  your  lordfhip  a  tefiimo- 
ny  of  their  full  confidence  in  you,  by 
imploring  your  repeated  aid  and  pa- 
tronage, at  this  time,  when  the  cloud 
again  gathers  thick  over  them. 

It  muft  afford  the  utmoft  fatisfa^on 
to  the  diftrefled  colonifts,  to  find  your 
lordfhip  fo  explicitly  declaring  your 
fentiments  in  that  grand  principle  in 
nature,  that  <ivbat  a  man  bath  bone^hf 
acquired^  is  abfolntely  and  uncontroulablj 
his  o-wn.  This  principle  is  eftablifhed 
as  a  fundamenial  rule  in  the  Bntiih 
confHtution,  which  eminently  hath  its 
foundation  in  the  laws  of  nature  %  and 
confequently  it  is  the  indifpatable 
right  of  all  men,  more  efpecially  of  a 
Britifh  fubjeft,  to  be  prefent  in  perfon, 
or  by  reprefentation,  in  the  body 
where  he  is  taxed. 

But  however  fixed  your  lordfliip, 
and  fome  others  may  be,  in  this  car- 
dinal point|  it  is  truly  mortifying  to 

many 


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1768. 

many  of  his  majefty^s  free  and  loyal 
fubje6ts>  that  even  in  the  BritiHi  par- 
liament) that  fan6tuary  of  liberty  and 
juftice,  a  different  fentiment  feems  of 
late  to  have  prevailed^ 

Unwilling  to  intrude  upon  your  at- 
tention to  the  great  affairs  of  (tate,  the 
houfe  would  only  refer  your  lordfhip 
to  an  a6l  pafTed  in  the  fourth  year  of 
the  prefent  reign,  and  another  in  the 
lad  lefTion  of  parliament ;  both  impo- 
£ng  duties  on  the  Americans,  who 
were  not  rtprefented,  with  the  fole  and 
exprcfs  purpofe  ofraifing  a  revenue! 
What,  my  Lord,  have  the  colonifts 
done,  to  forfeit  the  charad^er  and  privi- 
lege of  fubjed^s,  and  to  be  reduced  in 
cftedt  to  a  tributary  ftate  f  This  houfe 
may  appeal  to  the  nation,  that  the  ut- 
nioft  aid  of  the  people  has  been  chear- 
fuliy  given,  when  his  majefty  required 
it :  Often,  on  their  own  motion,  and 
when  almoft  ready  to  fuccumb  under 
the  expence  of  defending  their  own 
borders,  their  zeal  has  carried  them 
abroad,  for  the  honour  of  their  fove- 
reign,  and  the  defence  of  his  rights : 
Of  this,  my  Lord,  not  to  mention 
any  more,  the  reduction  of  Louifburgh 
in  the  vear  17451  and  the  defence  of 
bis  ma]efty*s  garrifon  at  Annaoolis, 
and  of  all  Nova  Scotia,  will  be  a  ftand- 
ing  monument.  Can  there  then  be  a 
neceificy  for  fo  great  a  change,  and  in 
its  nature  fo  delicate  and  important, 
that  inftead  of  having  the  honour 
of  his  majefty's  requifitions,  laid  before 
their  reprefentatives  here,  as  has  been 
invariably  the  ufage,  the  parliament 
Ihould  now  tax  them  without  their 
confent ! 

The  enemies  of  the  colontds,  for 
fuch  they  unfortunately  have,  may 
bave  reprefented  them  to  his  majefty*s 
minifters^  and  the  parliament,  as  fac- 
tious, undutiful,  difloyal:  They,  my 
lord,  are  equally  the  enemies  of  Bri- 
tain :  Such  IS  your  extenfive  knowledge 
of  mankind,  and  the  fentiments  and  dif- 
pofitions  of  the  colonies  in  general, 
that  this  houfe  would  freely  venture  to 
*  reft  the  chara6^er  of  their  conftituents 
on  your  lord(hip*s  judgment :  Surely, 
It  is  no  ill  difpofition  in  the  loyal  fub- 
jcdls  of  a  patriot  king,  with  a  decency 
and  firmnefs,  adapted  OD  their  charac- 
.  ter,  to  afl'ert  their  freedom. 

The  colonies,  as  this  houfe  humbly 
conceive^  cannot  be  reprefented  in  the 


Letter  to  Lord  Chatham. 


405 

Britifh  parliament:  Their  local  cir- 
cumftances,  at  a  diftance  of  a  thou- 
fand  leagues  beyond  the  feas,  forbids, 
and  will  for  ever  render  it  impra^i- 
cable  :  This,  they  apprehend,  was  the 
reafon,  that  his  maiefty^s  royal  prede- 
ceffors  faw  fit  to  ereft  fubordinate  le- 
gidative  bodies  in  America,  as  perfeft- 
ly  free  as  the  nature  of  things  would 
sudmit,  that  their  remote  fubjedis  might 
enjoy  that  ineflimable  right,  a  repre- 
fentation.  Such  a  legiflative  is  con- 
flituted  by  the  royal  charter  of  this 
province.  In  this  charter,  the  king 
for  himfelf,  his  heirs,  and  fuccefTors, 
grants  to  the  inhabitants  all  the  landt 
and  territories  therein  defcribed,  in 
free  and  common  foccage;  as  ample 
cftate  as  the  fub)e6i«  can  hold  under 
the  crown :  Together  with  all  the 
rights,  liberties,  privileges  and  immu- 
nities of  his  natural  fubjedls  born  with* 
in  the  realm;  of  which  the  raoft  e/Ten- 
tial,  is  a  power  invefted  in  the  General 
Affembly,  to  levy  proportionable  and 
reafonable  taxes  on  the  eftates  and 
perfons  of  the  inhabitants,  for  the 
iervice  of  his  majefty,  and  the  necef- 
fary  defence  and  fupport  of  his  go- 
vernment of  the  province,  and  the 
protection  and  prefervation  of  the  in- 
habitants. But  though  they  were  ort- 
ginally,  and  always,  iince  their  fettle* 
ment,  have  been  confidered  as  fubjeCts 
remote,  they  have  ever  cherifhed  a 
warm  affection  for  the  Mother  State, 
and  a  regard  for  the  intereft  and  hap- 
pinefs  of  their  fellow  fubjeds  in  Bri- 
tain. If  then  the  colonies  are  chained 
with  the  mofl  diftant  thought  of^an 
independency,  ^our  Lordfhip  may  be 
affured,  that  with  refpe6l  to  the  peo- 
ple of  this  province,  and  it  is  prefu- 
mcd  of  all  the  colonies,  the  charge  is  1 
unjuft. 

Nothing  would  have  prevailed  upon 
the  houfe  to  have  given  your  Lordlhip 
this  trouble,  but  the  heceflity  of  a 
powerful  advocate,  when  their  liberty 
IS  in  danger:  Such  they  have  more 
than  once  found  you  to  be  ^  and  as 
they  humbly  hope  they  have  never  for- 
feited your  patronage,  they  intreat 
that  your  great  intereft  in  the  national 
councils  may  ftill  be  employed  in  their 
behalf,  that  they  may  be  reftored  to 
the  ftanding  of  free  fubjcfts.^ 

That  your  lordfhip  may  enjoy  a  firm 
ftate  of  iKaltb,  and  long  be  continued 

a  great 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


4o6 


Some  Strictures 


a  great  blefling;  to  the  nation  and  her 
colonies,  is  the  ardent  wifli  of  thi< 
houfe, 

SigHod  by  the  SpeakiT* 

ro  the  AUTHOR  of  the    LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 

Some  StrUlures  on  a  late  Deftnce  •fitHO" 
Uran$  Popery. 

THERE  can  be  nothing  within 
the  conipafs  of  human  concep- 
tion, more  altoni(hing  than  the  confi- 
dent ilareof  popi(h  publications,  under 
the  fcepter  of  George  HI.  and  of 
the  many  which  have  made  their  ap- 
pearance, A  free  examination  of  the  com- 
mon  methods  employed  to  pre<vent  the 
gronvtb  of  popery ^  1766,  none  feems  to 
iiave  a  more  hardened  countenance. 
Kemarks  have  been  made  upon  this  in- 
i'olent,  this  daring  piece,  by  feveral 
pens  in  the  public  papers,  and  by 
pamphlet  writers  \  fuch  as  Mr,  Benja- 
min Pye,  in  his  five  letters,  profefTedly 
ivritten  againft  that  performance;  and 
by  Mr.  Francis  Blackburn,  a  deacon 
of  Cleveland— who  have  (hewn,  with 
great  evidence,  the  intolerant  fpirit  of 
popery.— The  editor^  not  content 
with  what  had  been  advanced  by  him 
in  defence  of  a  profe/Fion,  that  has 
been  the  higheft  difgrace  of  human  na- 
ture, and  the  moft  revcrfe  of  chriftia- 
nity,  prefiimes  to  charge  the  above 
clergymen  with  what  he  fneeringly 
calls  the  "  pious*  purpofe  of  enflammg 
the  ligidature,  againft  a  fet  of  their 
wretched  countrymen  who  lie  at  their 
mercy." 

This  is  done  in  a  pojlfcript,  juft  now 
added  to  the  Free  Examination  \ 
which  has  the  run  of  twenty  pages, 
full  of  the  moft  unpardonable  re- 
proaches thrown  upon  proteftantifm ; 
and  this,  under  the  nofe  of  a  Briti/h 
proteftant  government.  Denying  the 
beft  authenticated  fadls,  infulting  and 
abufmg  the  moft  venerable  defenders 
of  the  proteftant  caufe  }  and  inftead  of 
admitting  that  the  principles  of  popery 
are  intolerant,  afHxes  the  diabolical 
charge  upon  proteftants  who  avow  the 
rights  of  private  judgment.  How  ftu- 
piiied  muft  be  the  age  of  Britons, 
when  fuch  an  outrage  upon  the  reafon 
and  common  fenfe  of  mankind,  can 
cxpe6l  to  meet  with  any  favourable 
reception  I— «- when  bitter  can  be  put 


Aug; 

for  fweet  5  falfebood  for  truth  1  dark- 
ntffs  for  light !  and  with  all  the  air  of 
an  undifturbed  confidence,  an  ungiv* 
ing  brow. 

I  do  not  prefume  to  take  the  poft* 
fcript  out  of  the  hands  of  the  above 
gentlemen,  who  are  well  able  to  expoie 
and  fcourge  the  audacity  of  this  wri- 
ter :  yet  could  not  omit  a  remark  or 
two  upon  that  popi(h  defender  of  a 
fyftem,  which  is  m  open  enmity  to  the 
civil  and  religious  rights  of  mankind. 
One  remark  1  would  make  is  this, 
the  editor,  jeluitlike,  in  evading  the 
charge  upon  papifts  acknowledgmg  a 
foreign  power  \  moft  artfully  refers  tp 
the  French  nation*s  not  admitting  of 
the  infallibility  of  the  pope.— —But 
what  of  this  ?  nay,  what  of  more  than 
this  ?  the  freedoms  at  this  day  uken 
with  the  pope — "  every  one,  fays  he, 
knows,  that  not  only  the  great  and  pa- 
pifh  powers  refufe  to  pay  the  pope  an 
implicit  fubmiflion,  but  that  the  pettjr 
princes  and  ftates  of  luly  in  his  neigh- 
bourhood, infult  him.**— and  what 
then  ?  there  is  not  any  thing  at  all 
nenn  in  all  this, — Many  have  been  the 
inftances  of  popi(h  powers  taking  as 
ereat  freedoms  with  hit  holinefs.  But 
how  will  this  prove,  that  popery  does 
not  retain  a  fupieme  acknowledgment 
of  a  fpiritual  head,  which  religioufly 
binds  the  confcience  ?— »-not  at  all. 
This  very^  writer  will  tell  you  this 
fame  thing :  for  he  adds,  » ■  '*  yet, 
that  they  remain  in  communion  with 
him,  as  well  as  in  perfe^  fecurity.** 
p.  170.  They  do  fo,  notwrthftanding 
they  do  not  pay  him  an  implicit  fub« 
minion. 

Again  he  fays,  ^<  They  are  willing 
to  ^ive  any  teft  that  can  be  offered  of 
their  loyalty  and  fidelity  to  a  proteftant 
government,  in  all  the  affairs  that  re- 
gard this  life;  they  always  called  ^* 
^erly  for  fuch  a  teft,  and  were  always 
mduftrioufly  denied  it,  by  tacking  to 
the  oath  of  allegiance  an  oath  of  fupre^ 
piacy^  which  no  honeft  papift,  nor  even 
any  proteftant  who  is  not  of  the  mo- 
narches religion,  can  take  with  a  good 
confcience."  p.  173. 

Here  the  ground  of  refuting  popery 
a  toleration  explains  itfelf  j  for  fo  long 
as  the  papifts  religiofly  own  a  foreign 
but  vifible  infallible  head  of  his 
church,  whatever  he  may  profefs  of 
allegiance  to  his  prince^  in  matters  re- 

ladvt 


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1768.  On  a  late  Defence  of  Popery. 

lative  to  this  life,  his  prince  cannot  be 
fecure  bow  far  the  influence  of  his  fpi- 
ritual  head  will  limit  or  extend  thofe 
matten.  Times  have  often  been, 
times  now  are,  (in  Poland)  and  times 
may  come  again,  when  the  mo(t  fo- 
lemn  oaths  made  to  proteftant  princes 
ihall  be  no  longer  binding. ^More- 
over, our  vtry  fbphiftical  writer  has 
fa  id  too  much  by  far,  when  he  affirms, 
"  That  no  proteftant,  who  is  not  of 
the  monarches  religion,  can  take  the 
bath  of  fupremacy  with  a  good  con- 
fcience.*'  I  muft  take  the  liberty  of 
informing  him,  that  no  proteftant  dif- 
fenter  has  any  reafon  to  fcruple  the 
oath  of  fupremacy,  who  knows,  that 
the  ecclefiaftical  hierarchy  is  but  a 
cfeature  of  the  ftate :  and  that  if  the 
church  of  England  has  any  vifible  head, 
it  can  be  no  other  than  the  lawful 
reigning  prince,  who  is,  over  all  caufes 
and  perlbns  too,  whether  ecclefiaftical 

or  civil,    fupreme  head. But  inaf- 

rnuch,  as  the  proteftant  diftenter  ac- 
knowledges no  vifible  head  of  the 
church  of  Chrift,  the  oatb  of  fupremacy  ^ 
in  the  fenfe  in  which  he  underftands  it, 
cannot,  in  the  leaft,  be  oftenfive  to 
him.  It  is  the  acknowledgment  of  a 
▼ifible  head  of  the  church  of  Chrift, 
that  determines  popery  to  be  an  anti- 
chriftian  profefllon  :  for  Jefus  Chjift 
has  exprefsly  forbidden,  that  bis  difci- 
pUs  Jbould  call  any  man  on  earth ^  Fa- 
ther.—^This  as  certainly  deter- 
mines the  pope  to  be  antichrii^,  as 
they  were  fuch,    in  St.  John's  time. 


407 

this  free  examination  he  will  have  it« 
**  That  the  writers  of  it,  whatever 
their  religious  opinions  may  be,  fpoke 
with  particular  decency  and  refpc6t  of 
the  eftablifhed  religion  of  their  coun- 
try • — and  that  no  popifh  rebellions, 
or  maflacres,  were  ever  to  be  attribu- 
ted to  popifti  principles.  That 
popery  holds  or  maintains  no  princi- 
ples of  perfecution.'*— ^Whcn  and 
where  he  gains  credit,  there  muft  firft 
have  been  a  fearednefs  of  confcience, 
a  mind  given  up  to  believe  a  lie.— — 
All  the  horrid  murthers  and  mifchiefs 
committed  by  papifts,  he  will  have  it, 
has  ever  been  owing  to  the  revenge, 
ambition,  or  dcfues  of  freedom  natu- 
ral to  man."  p.  181.— Pray  let  the 
malTacres  of  Paris,  of  Ireland,  of  the 
Vaudois,  of  the  Palatinate,  and  th« 
Mexican  devaftations,  give  an  epei\ 
demonftration  of  his  impudence.  — I 
doubt  not  but  be  will  be  more  fully 
animadverted  upon  by  the  two  clergy- 
men, who  have  felt  the  ftrokes  of  his 
particular  decency  and  reipe£l  to  thtt 
church  of  England. 

A  man  nxj'itb  his  eyer  open* 


To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDOX 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR 

THOUGH  I  think  a  Magazine, 
which  falls  into  the  hands  of  rea- 
ders of  every  rank,  and  of  all  degrees 
of  underftanding,  the  moft  improper 
vehicle  of  religious  controverfy  j  yet  i 
(kail  make  no  apology  for  dcfiri ng  you 
to  infcrt  the  following  cxtrafts  from 
one  of  M.  Saurin's  fermons,  as  an  anti-* 
dote  to  the  poifbn  of  fome  late  pieces^ 
which  you  have  admitted ;  that  impar- 
tiality, which  you  profefs,  leaves  me 
no  room  to  doubt  of  your  compliance 
with  this  requeft  of 

Bucks,  June  14, 1768.  A  Purchaser. 


vrho  denied  that  Jefus  Chrift  was  come 
in  the  flefti. 

Fain  would  this  writer  perfuade  the 
people  to  renounce  their  rea(bn  and 
underftanding ;  to  become  infidels  a- 
gainft  the  moft  authentic  hiftorical  tef- 
timcny  j  and  to  give  the  lie  to  what 
they  evejy  day  read  and  hear,  from 
the   popifli  writings,   and  even   from 

•  /  ivill  refer  to  fwo  in  fiances  of  the  decent  refpeSl  paid  by  tbeje  ^writers  to  the  efa^ 

hlifbed  religion  of  their  country, — One  is  this, "  From   the  uni-verfal  Jpirit  of 

infurreSion  and perfecution  that  fprung  up  along  <with  the  private  judgment  of  the 
/cripturcs," /-  129. — a  helUJb  fab  at  all  true  religion! — Another  is, ^—^"  If  you 
change  the  name  of  Hugonot  into  Puritan,  and  of  catholic  into  that  of  Protefant  of 
the  Church  of  Ei  Mnd,  the  duel  haiie gi^en  you  ivill  equally  fer've  to  lay  open  the 

ivbole  game  of  t^  j  great  rebellion  in  England.^*  p.  128. Ihefe  are  particular 

marks  qf  decency  and  refpeSlfbrwn  to  the  efiablifbed  religion  ofth^ir  country  \  nvhich 
avotus,  as  reformed,  the  right  of  private  judgment  of  the  Icrijptures  j  and  herein 
gJftntiaUj  differs  from  Popery. 

Tranjlation 


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408 


A  N    A  N  T 


Tranflatiom  of  Part  of  a  Sermon  of  M. 
Saurin,  Tom.  4.  Sermon  8.  /•  335. 
a  Laufannef  175  9>  %*vo, 

••  "DUT  to   avoid    this  rock    (too 

^  ftrong  an  attachment  to  received 
opinions)  lome  have  run  upon  ano- 
ther 5  and»  under  pretence  of  chuHng 
to  believe  only  what  is  revealed,  they 
have  refufed  to  believe  whatever  they 
could  not  perfectly  underftand,  though 
certainly  a  part  of  revelation.  Right 
reafon  dilates,  sthly,  to  tvery  man, 
that  the  holy  fcripture,  fpeaking  of  the 
nature  of  God,  that  is  to  fay,  of  a  be- 
ing in  the  higheft  degree  exalted  above 
man,  cannot  but  fpeak  of  things  above 
man,  and  which  man  oueht  to  admit, 
though  he  cannot  diftindtly  underftand 
them. 

An  entire  (eft,  a  fe6^,  which  boafts 
even  of  fetting  reafon  on  the  throne, 
and  of  freeing  her  from  that  (lavery 
to  which  theologifts  had  reduced  her, 
found  their  whole  fyflem  upon  the 
violation  of  this  maxim.  They  would 
blot  out  of  the  catalogue  of  articles  of 
our  faith,  all  the  incomprehenfibte  myf- 
teries,  refpe^lin^  the  tnnity,  the  incar- 
nation, the  fatisfadtion  of  the  Son  of 
God  t  they  rejeft  thefc  myfteries  for 
this  reafon  that  men  cannot  perfe^lly 
underftand  them;  offending  by  this 
condu6^  againft  this  rule,  that  upon 
this  very  account,  that  the  fcripture  is 
Ibeaking  of  God,  a  being  in  the  higheft 
degree  exalted  above  man,  it  cannot  but 
fpeak 6fthing8,  which  man  cannotreach. 

6.  Right  reafon  dilates  to  all  men, 
who  confult  it,  not  only  that  certain 
queftions,  refpe^ling  that  being  which 
is  infinite,  arc  above  man,  but  that  the 
moft^  iimple  fubje£ls,  which  have  any 
relation  to  the  moft  infinite  being,  may 
raife  difHculties,  of  which  men  will  ne- 
ver find  the  folution.  If  I  were  not 
afraid,  that  this  fubjedl  would  engage 
me  in  certain  difquifitions,  which  are 
not  convenient  in  this  place,  I  could 
prove  by  variety  of  examples,  that  this 
fixth  rule  of  good  fcnfe,  which  I  have 
eftablifhed,  is  received  every  where  as 
jnconteftable ;  and  that  nothing  but 
the  moft  extravagant  Pyrrhonifm 
C9uld  caufe  it  to  be  rejected.  I  (hall 
only  point  out  one  example  to  explain 
my  fentiments. 

Men  have  exclaimed  with  reafon 
againft  thofe  who  have  maintained  this 
lingular  propoiitiony  that  the  cxiftence 


I  D  O  T  E. 

of 


Aug. 

be  demonf&ated. 


BaiU. 


matter  cannot 
The  thing  is  evident,  with  re^rd  te 
ourfelves,  that  our  fouls  are  tied  to  a 
portion  of  matter  $  and  that  there  are 
without  us  other  portions  of  matter, 
which  furround  that  to  which  our  foul 
is  united.  Notwithftandinjg,  thisquef- 
tion,  does  matter  exift  ?  is  related  to 
this  other:  Can  God  excite  in  our 
minds  the  fame  fenfations,  as  if  there 
really  were  matter,  though  there  be 
none  in  effect  ?  And  the  firft  queftion, 
can  God  excite  thefe  fen(ation8  ?  Leads 
us  to  a  fecond,  will  God  ?  This  fecond 
to  a  third.  Right  reafon  therefore  dic- 
tates to  us,  that  the  moft  Ample  fubjefts 
have  fome  relation  to  the  infinite  be- 
ing, and  are  fufceptible  of  difficulties, 
which  the  moft  improved  underftand* 
ing  cannot  refolvc. 

Further,  fmce  the  moft  fimple  fub* 
jefts  are  fufceptible  of  thefe  forts  of 
difficulties,  right  reafon  dilates  to 
every  man,  that  when  we  have  a  cer- 
tain degree  of  evidence,  we  ought  to 
ftop  there,  to  admit  what  is  evident 
to  a  certain  degree,  how  indiffoluble 
foever  certain  objeftions,  which  may 
be  oppofed  to  it,  may  appear. 

Yet,  notwithftanding  this  fixth  rule, 
people  fometimes  acquire  reputation  in 
the  world,  they  make  a  number  of  dif- 
ciples }  fometimes  they  proceed  fo  far, 
as  to  raife  doubts  about  the  cleareft 
truths  of  religion,  becaufe  they  have 
difcovered  the  fecret  of  making  objec- 
tions, of  urging  them  to  the  utmoft, 
and  magnifying  them.  They,  who 
have  read  without  prejudice,  the  writ- 
ings of  a  famous  delft  *  of  our  days,  ea* 
fily  difcover,  that  he  owes  the  greateft 
part  of  his  glory  to  the  infernal  art, 
which  he  poirefles,  of  col  letting  5  of 
overcharging,  and  ftringing  toc^ether 
all  the  difficulties,  of  which  the  cleareft 
fubjefls  are  fufceptible. 

8.  Right  reafon  dilates  to  every 
man,  that  he  ought  not  to  abandon 
one  fyftem,  on  pretence  that  it  is  at- 
tended with  a  difficulty,  toembrace  ano- 
ther fyftem,  which  is  attended  with  dif- 
ficulties greater,  and  more  in  number. 

This  is  the  maxim,  which  we  have 
(o  often  ur?ed,  and  (hall  continue  to 
urge  againlt  thofe,  who  fet  themfelves 
off  with  fo  much  haughtinefs  in  fo- 
ciety  f ,  as  men  of  open  and  enlarged 
minds,  but  whofe  whole  merit  connfts 
in  avoiding  oneab^rfs,  to  plunge  them^ 
felves  into  a  thoufand  and  a  thotifand 

abyfiet 
t  Commtdei  EJprits  Forts. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1^68. 


Medicinal  Preparaticns  cf  Inn. 


abyfTes :  unheard  of  prodigies  of  credu- 
lity and  incredulity  together.  Men  of 
contradi6tory  vinderftandings,  which 
cannot  digeft  the  myfterics  of  religion, 
and  which  digeft  the  myfteries  of 
atheiCm ;  which  cannot  conceive  that 
there  is  an  eternal  God,  and  which 
conceive  that  the  world  has  exifted 
from  eternity  :  which  cannot  conceive 
that  a  wife  and  intelligent  being  has 
difpofed  in  order  the  parts  of  this  uni- 
Ferfe,  and  which  conceive  that  the  uni- 
verfe  has  been  arranged  without  wif- 
dom,  and  without  intelligence  ^  which 
cannot  conceive  that  there  is  a  fpiri- 
tual  fubftance,  and  which  conceive 
that  a  brutal  fubftance,  that  a  wind, 
that  a  vapour,  that  fome  fubtle  parts 
of  matter,  think,  reflect,  apprehend, 
difpute :  Which  cannot  conceive,  that 
the  converiion  of  the  pagan  world  was 
the  effe^  of  miracles,  wrought  for  the 
confirmation  of  the  gofpel,  and  which 
conceive  that  whole  nations  have  re- 
nounced their  religion,  their  prejudices, 
their  profperity,  their  lives,  without 
prodigies,  witKout  miracles,  without 
demonftrations:  which  cannot  conceive 
that  the  facred  authors  were  infpired, 
and  which  conceive,  that  without  fu- 
pernatur^l  aid  they  have  foretold  fu- 
ture events,  have  given  a  body  of  doc- 
trine fupcrior  to  all  the  iyftcms  of 
Greece." 

ro    the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
^  I  R. 

WHAT  need  is  there  for  croud - 
ing  the  (hops  with  fo  many  dif- 
ferent, and  dtfcordant  preparations  of 
iron  which  our  difpenfatories  are  fo 
overloaded  with,  when  one,  or  two  fim- 
ple,  buteffe£iual  ones,  to  all  good  ends, 
and  purpofes,  alone,  are  fufHcient  ? 

We  need  not  fo  many  forced  medi- 
cines, which  only  ferve  to  confound 
the  young  phyiician,  but  only  more 
judgment  in  uiing  them.  The  know- 
ledge of  the  difcafe  is  faid  to  be  half 
the  cure;  when  the  cafe  is  rightly 
taken,  it  is  the  eafieil  part  of  phyiick 
to  apply  proper  medicines  for  the 
lame. 

Ih  moft  cafes  we  find  that  crude  iron 
without  any  laborious  chemical  pro- 
tfefs,  is  a  much  fafer,  and  more  effec- 
tual medicine  than  when  varioufly 
prepared  with  acids,    or   alkalies,    as 

Auguft,  1768. 


409 

particulaly  in  the  green  ficknefi,  and 
the  like. 

Helmont  obferves  that  all  fuch  pe- 
ripneumonical  perfons  as  ufe  vitriolic 
waters,  always  die.  The  vitriol  turn- 
ing to  oaker  in  their  bodies,  while  the 
water  taken  along  with  it  comes  away 
clears  oaker  being  nothing  eU'e  but 
the  calx  of  iron.  Whence  we  learn 
that  when  any  chalybeate  waters  de- 
pofite  a  yellow  fed i men t,  they  are  no 
longer  fit  for  ufe,  as  having  now  loll 
their  moft  medicinal  part. 

I  (hall  only  propofe  two  good  prepa- 
rations of  iron,  which,  without  any 
more,  may  very  well  anfwcr  all  the  cu- 
rative purpofes  of  phyfick.  Ift.  Is  the 
fteel  wine  of  the  London  difpenfatoryj 
the  id  is  the  excellent  iron  water 
of  M.  Lemery,  the  celebrated  French 
chemift. 

Take  of  cle^n  filings  of  iron, 
4  ounces,  of  cinnamon,  and  cloves, 
each  half  an  ounce,  of  rhenifli  wine 
4  pints. 

Let  them  ftand  for  months  together, 
(baking  them  now  and  then.  When 
become  black,  and  rich  of  the  iron, 
it  may  be  taken  in  the  quantity  of 
half  an  ounce,  or  more,  for  a  dofe, 
at  a  time,  twice,  or  thrice  a  day,  ac- 
cording to  the  dge,  and  ftrength  of  the 
patient,  at  fuch  times  as  the  Itomach  is 
moft  empty. 

This  (imple  procefs  (hews  that  iron 
is  of  fuch  a  duftile  nature  as  readily 
to  join  itfclf  with  the  mildeft  vegeta- 
ble liquors,  and  being  thus  divided  in- 
to exceeding  fmall  parts,  and  intimate- 
ly united  with  them,  it  is  no  wonder 
if  we  find  this  lax  metal  in  the  bodies 
of  plants,  animals,  and  minerals,  as  it 
has  lately  by  particular  experiments 
been  obferved  in  the  afhes  of  fuch 
bodies. 

The  fteel  water  is  made  thus:  Pour 
a  quart  of  water  on  about  two  pounds 
of  filings  of  fteel,  or  on  ruftof  iron, 
ftir  it  about  at  times,  let  water  ftancl 
conftantly  on  it,  and  as  it  exhales  add 
freih;  by  this  means  the  iron,  in  time, 
will  be  reduced  into  an  impalpable 
powder. 

What  fwims  fufpcnded,  after  well 
ftirred,  and  the  giofs  has  fubfidcd, 
may  be  decanted  oft',  and  drank  alone 
or  daihed  with  wine,  or  fpirits,,  one 
ounce  or  two,  at  a  time,  once  or  twice 
a  day.     Thus  by  being  often  ftirred, 

F  f  f  and 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4IO 


Dr.  C 


Und  as  often  poured  off  what  fwims, 
and  then  let  fettle,  and  be  dried^  you 
may  obtain  the  beft  fteel  powder  in 
being. 

Thefe  two  eafy  preparations  are  the 
very  bcft,  fafeft,  and  eflicacious,  me- 
dicines of  all  thofe  obtained  from  iron; 
being  almoft  infallible  in  all  thofe  dif- 
eafei  which  proceed  from  mere  laxity 
of  the  fibres,  and  lentor,  coldiiefs,  or 
inactivity  of  the  fluids.  In  effect  they 
will  cure  all  the  diftempers  curable  b^ 
chalybeates  :  Only  for  old  age  there  is 
no  cure,  and  they  do  little  or  no  fer- 
vice  there}  however  as  no  one  medi- 
cine is  a  catbolico/t,  in  hard  fwellings, 
fcirrhofities,  or  predominant  acid,  it 
will  rather  prove  hurtful  than  of  fer- 
vice. 

Wherefore  I  (hall  conclude  this  firft 
article  with  this  general  and  ufeful 
remark  on  compound  chemicalprocelTes, 
as,  I  Qiall  of  Galenical  ones,  that  as 
falts,  wherewith  metalline  medicines 
are  prepared,  do  not  aft  in  the  body 
according  to  what  they  are  at  that  time 
they  were  taken,  but  according  as  they 
meet  with  other  falts  which  determine 
their  a£lion  in  the  body,  it  is  very  un- 
fafe,  aud  uncertain,  to  aflign  the  ac- 
tions of  fbme  medicines  given  together 
in  compofition ;  or  even  though  given 
the  one  fome  time  after  the  other. 

All  which  pleads  much  on  my  fide  t 
To  let  phyfick  be  as  fimple  as  poflible, 
that  the  patient  may  not  (land  a  chance 
to  fu/fer  as  much,  if  not  more,  from 
his  doctor  than  his  difeaCe. 

Youi's.        J.  Cook. 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZiNE. 
SIR, 

AS  the  principal  defign  of  my  me- 
dical writings  is  to  direft  the 
poor,  and  next  the  apothecary,  to  the 
heft  method  of  prefcrving  health,  I 
(hall  here  for  once  do  fomewhat  for  the 
fake  of  the  young  phydclan  likewife. 

The  common  decompound  form  of 
prefcribi  ng  feems  to  me  fo  very  prcpof- 
terous  and  irrational,  that  1  am  fur- 
prized  fuch  inconfideiit  practice  has 
continued  among  many  phyficians  fo 
long.  But  old  cuftoms  are  hard  ob- 
ftacTes  to  get  over. 

For  example,  I  will  tranfcribe  aCn- 
gle  prefcription  from  the  writin^js  of 
an  eminent  author,  and  for  brevity's 
fake  one  only  ihall  fuIHcc^    to  expofe 


o  o  K4  Aug« 

the  abfurdity  of  all  fuch  medical  }um» 
ble,  and  to  compare  fuch  ferraginous 
mixtures  with  the  neat  elegancy  of  a 
much  more  pleafant  and  effeftu^  for^ 
mula  prefcribenJi^  here  recommended. 
Dr.  Mayow,  in  his  treatife  on  the 
rickets,  in  1674,  prefcribed  thus  :  nei- 
ther was  lie  fmeular  herein,  it  being 
common  for  moft  of  the  profellion  to 
do  the  like. 
R  Polypod.  ^  Lapatb,  acut.  d^jvi. 
Cori»  rad.fambucif  ebuliaa  Jfs.  rod* 
ofmofuU  rigaUs,  Jilicis  mar.  cbicbor, 
iiaj(§,  berb,  i^rimony  bepatic.  nje» 
ronic.  ling.  eer<vin,  ajpUnii  aamfs, 
eoquantur  in  JEUbiis  ad  terti^  partis 
ahfumptionem*      Liquor    eoUtur   in 
matraciump     cui     imponaHtur  foL 
fenme  Jij.  rbubarb  Jj.  epitbymi, /am* 
tal.  cit.  ana  jij.  fem.fumicul  aay\» 
fal  abfjtttb  jjfs.^'.  infufio  calida,  fiT 
claufaper  boras  1 2 .  colatur^  perfub' 
fidtntiam  depurata    adde  J'acchar. 
arqualem  guaatitatem,  &  Cold  faccbt- 
rt    difolutione,    aut  Unt   ebuUitioKe 
f,f,  a,  Jyrupus. 

Rifum  teneatis  amici ! 
How  idle,  how  troublefome,  and 
ineffectual  is  fuch  a  jumble  of  ingre- 
dients as  is  here  offered,  and  only  for 
a  mere  fyrup  too  ?  to  be  taken  one 
fpoonful  or  three  at  mod  for  a  dofe, 
when  half  a  pint  might  perhaps  purge 
a  perfon,  but  could  never  cure  him. 

But  what  is  ftill  more  to  be  won- 
dered at  is,  that  fo  learned  a  phyfician 
as  Dr.  Shaw,  fhould,  fo  lately  too,  do 
the  very  like  ;  and  whereas  the  former 
prefcript  contains  no  fewer  ingredients 
than  eighteen,  fome  of  his  prefcrip- 
tions  in  his  new  Practice  of  Phyfick, 
contain  nearly  the  fame  number.  Now 
pray  which  of  all  thefe  ingredients  are 
to  do  the  work  intended,  or  do  they 
not  hinder  one  another  i 

A  proper  prefcription  among  phyfi- 
cians is  a  rational  aflignment  and 
combination  of  fuch  pharmaceutical 
remedies,  as  have  by  art  been  found  to 
be  proper  in  particular  cafes  j  refped  be- 
ing had  to  the  matter  and  form  of  the 
ingredients  and  medicine :  fo  that  it 
may  be  commodioufly  made  up  by 
the  apothecary,  and  applied  with  eate 
and  fuccefs  by  the  patient.  Now  fuch 
complicated  propoials  no  ways  anfwer 
this  character,  nor  can  be  depended 
upon  for  a  cure. 

For  a  prudent  phyfician  will  never 
order  any  drug  in  bis  prefcription  but 

>»hat 


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17^8. 


Of   Phvsicians   REtiPEs; 


411 


what  he  has  fufiicient  reafon  for, 
which  upon  enquiry  he  is  able  to  give: 
So  that  he  does  not,  like  cmpiricks,  a6t 
at  random,  from  mere  cuftom  and  pre- 

i'udlce,  but  as  the  indications,  which 
ic  hath  before  rightly  deduced  and 
confidered,  di reft  him. 

The  grand  fcope  in  any  cure  being 
to  recover  the  patient  (tuto^  cito,  & 
jucunde)  fafely,  quickly,  and  pleafant- 
ly;  the  phylician  (hould  always  have 
bis  eye  fixed  on  that  view  ;  as  being 
the  point  to  which  every  thing  he  or- 
ders (hould  have,  ks  much  as  poiTible, 
an  immediate  tendency.  But  here  the 
proportion  of  each  ingredient  is  fo 
fmall  as  to  fpoi!  the  efFeS  of  the  whole, 
when  a  (ingle  one  only  fitly  chofen 
and  given  in  due  proportion,  would 
cffe^  alone  more  than  all  the  other 
put  together. 

In  a  compound  formula,  or  prefcrip- 
tion,  there  are  three  articles  to  be  ob- 
fcrved.  i.  Its  component  parts,  their 
number,  ufe,  and  proportion.  1.  Its 
quantity,  generally  to  be  made  up  at 
once,  and  particularly  to  be  taken  at 
once  ;  and  iaftly,  its  qualities,  as  ari- 
fing  from  compo(}tion  or  mixture. 

Both  the  late  Doftors,  RatclifF  and 
Bocrhaave,  were  remarkable  for  the 
iimplicity  of  their  prcfcripts,  and  if  a 
cure  can  becompafTsd  with  a  few  fim- 
ples,  what  need  is  there  of  many  $  and 
if  our  apothecaries  (hops  were  render- 
ed more  fimple  ftill,  it  would  be  a  re- 
lief both  to  the  trouble  and  pockets  of 
the  apothecary  and  patient  likewife. 

The  conftituent  parts  of  a  proper 
prefcription  arc  only  thcfc  four:  i. 
The  bails,  or  principal  ingredients  5 
1,  The  adju*vans^  or  what  helps,  or 
promotes  the  action  of  the  former.  3. 
The  corrigenst  or  correftor  of  fome- 
thing  improper  therein  :  and,  Iaftly, 
the  conflituenSf  or  what  ferves  to  en- 
large, mix,  and  make  up  the  whole. 

10  conclude  by  giving  an  example 
of  all  thefe,  and  of  the  proper  formula 
for  a  rational  prefcription  take  the  fol- 
lowing febrifuge  bolus. 

ft  Cort.  Peru  9j;  Cort.  Cafca<vill.  BfT. 
ol.  cbamomel  gt.]  cummualag,  fem, 
cjdon,  q,  f.  fn»  f,  bolus  tenia  *vel 
qaarta^  quaque  bora,  abfente  paryx- 
ifmo,  fumendus. 
Take  of  jefuits  bark  one  fcruple  5 
of  Eleutheriuro  bark  half  a  fcru- 
ple 5  oil  of  camomile  one  drop  j 
mix  them  up  with  mucdage  of 


quincefced,  as  much  as  will  ren- 
der it  into  the  form  of  a  bolus. 
To  be  taken  every  three  or  four 
hours  between  the  fits  of  an  inter- 
mittent fever. 
Here  the  bark  is  the  bafis }   the  caf- 
cavilla,  or  eleutherium,  is  the  afTiftant  5 
the  oil  of  camomile  the  correftor,  and 
the  jelly  the  medium,    or  vehicle  of 
conveyance,  and  far  preferable  to  fy- 
rup,  which   makes  the   powders  difa- 
greeably    baum     about    the    mouth, 
whereas  this  jelly  being  glib,  flips  down 
with  eafe,  for  which  rcafon,  where  no 
loofenefs  forbids,  the  powder  of  bark 
done  up  with  a  piece  of  frefh  butter, 
is  as  fuitaWe  as  any  thing  to  take  it  in. 
Yours, 

J.  Cook. 

To  the  AUTHOR    of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

IF  ever  any  branch  of  of  the  common 
law  needed  amendment,  I  humbly 
prefurae  that  the  limitations  of  eftates 
tail  to  heirs  male,  and  their  i/Tue  male, 
in  prejudice  of  the  female  iffue,  is  a 
grievance  and  worthy  the  confidera- 
tion  of  higher  authority  to  redrefs, 

I  humbly  prefume  fuch  an  eftate  to 
heirs  male  (hould  be  void,  or  voidable, 
at  law,  unlefs  a  fufficient  portion  h'ad 
been  fecurcd,  or  an  aflignment  of  a 
truft  eftate,  to  raife  portions  to  the  fe- 
male iflue  of  the  heir  male  in  tail 
fpecial,  as  a  compenfation,  or  in  lieu 

of  the  eftate  in  courfe  of  dcfcent Such 

portions  when  paid  to  be  a  bar  of  all 
claims. -But  as  the  cafe  now  ftands, 
the  heir  male  in  tail  fpecial,  and  his 
female  iflTue,  are  in  a  manner  out  of 
the  protedlion  of  the  law,  for  they  can 
have  no  benefit  thercbv  becaufe  they 
can  neither  dock  the  mtail,  and  no 
remedy  to  raife  portions  thereon  by 
mortgage,  or  otherwife,  when  there  is 
no  provifion  of  a  truft  eflate  for  that 
purpofe  by  the  gift  of  the  donor. 

The  revenue  of  the  Alienation  Ofl^cc 
would  be  improved,  and  notdiminifh- 
ed,  by  allowing  a  power,  bv authority, 
to  the  heir  male  in  fpecial  tail  to  dock 
the  intail  for  one  half,  or  one  third, 
or  one  fourth,  or  efpecially  appointed 
for  one  third  of  tbe  eftate  tail  for  the 
provifion  of  his  family. 

Noiwithftanding  he  claims  per  for  - 
mam  doni,  and  that  it  was  the  unquef- 
tionablc  right  of  the  donor  to  limit 

F  f  f  a  fuch 


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412 


Am    ikterestino   Case 


fuch  an  cftatc  5  yet  it  is  neither  policy 
in  a  ftate,  or  jaftice  or  equity  for  its 
commercial  iniercfts  to  fuffcr  fuch  a 
reftraint  to  remain  on  the  poilerity  of 
the  heir  in  fpecial  tail,  to  the  impo- 
veriHiment  of  all  claimants  under  him 
and  them. 

N.  B.  The  common  law  allowed  one 
third  of  an  eftate,  without  a  previous 
fettlement  jointure>  to  the  widow  fur- 
viving  the  occupant. 

The  only  obje<5) ion  that  can  proba* 
bly  be  ftarted  to  a  meafure  fo  reafon- 
able,  is  that  the  eftate  of  the  tenant  in 
tail  may  be  (o  ample,  that,  without 
inordinate  pafTions  and  e  vtravaganciesy 
he  may  make  a  faving  charge  to  com- 
penfate  his  family  lofs.  But  as  all 
laws  are,  and  ihould  be  made  ta  pro- 
vide for  contingent  cafualties  (and  no 
one  ever  doubted  there  is  an  inherent 
right  in  the  conftitution  to  alter  and 
amend  the  common  law  for  the  benefit 
of  the  fubje£^).the  aforefaid  objedion 
has  no  weight,  but  fuch  remedies 
ihould  be  fought,  and  fuch  provifions 
made  by  higher  authority  and  wifdom, 
as  (hould  be  liable  to  no  objection. 

If  ever  higher  authority  ihould  coii- 
defcend  to  make  new  regulations  In 
refpe6t  of  that  antiquated  law,  called 
Eftate*  Tail,  or  the  Statutes  of  In- 
tail,  I  (hall  think  it  met  it  enough  to 
contribute  a  hint  towards  the  promo- 
ting of  fo  good  an  amendment.  Your 
Magazines  have  made  a  motion  to 
elucidate  that  branch  of  rights  ,and  I 
cannot  avoid  thinking  an  beirefs  with- 
out property,  and  a  Lord  Heartfiee 
without  a  foot  of  land,  are  matchabie 
terms,  and  a  ferious  argument  to  all 
parties  concerned. 

I  am.  Sir, 

Your  obliged  humble  fervant, 

Amiga  Veritas. 

The  cafe  on  which  the  inclofed  rea- 
fonihg  is   founded.  L.  T.    the 

i'atber,  on  his  marriage  with  £.  £. 
granted  his  lands  to  truftees,  to  hold 
ta  his  and  Uis  wife*s  ufe  for  their  re- 
fpc^live  lives  J  and  after  the  determi> 
nation  of  that  eftate,  to  the  ufe  of 
all  and  every  the  fon  and  fons  of  the 
faid  L.  T.  the  father  and  E.  E.  to  be 
begotten  fcverally,  fucceflively,  and  in 
remainder  one  after  another,  as  they 
(hall  be  in  priority  of  birth  and  fento- 
rity  of  age ;  and  of  the  feveral  and 
refpcftivc  heirs  male  of  their  bodies 
lawfully  iffuing  i  the  elder  of  the  fame 


Aug. 

fons  and  heirs  male  of  his  body  being 
always  to  be  preferred,  and  take  be- 
fore the  younger  uf  the  fame  (ons, 
and  the  heirs  male  of  his  and  their 
body  and  bodies  ifTuing  j  and  for  de* 
fault  of  fuch  iftue  to  the  ufe  of  the 
daughter  and  daughters  of  the  (aid 
L.  T.  and  £.  E.  to  be  begotten,  and 
the  heirs  of  the  body  or  bodies  of  fuch 
daughter  and  daughters  lawfully  ifTu- 
ing, and  for  default  of  fuch  iiTue  to 
the  ufe  of  the  feveral  and  refpe^ive 
heirs  of  the  faid  L.  T.  and  E.  E.  for 
ever.— —The  deeds  were  proper- 
ly executed,  and  .the  marriage  folem- 
nized ;  and  the  aforefaid  L.  T.  the 
anceftor,  had  five  children,  four 
daughters  and  one  fon  j  but  before 
the  birth  of  a  fon  he  had  nude  a  de- 
claration in  the  nature  of  a  will,  to 
difpofe  of  his  efte^^s,  and  fome  regu^* 
lations  about  his  real  eftate,  that  were 
not  available  in  law.  Then  he  had  a 
fon,  the  prefent  heir  in  tail,  under  the 
above  recited  deeds,  and  the  faid  L.T. 
the  father,  being  fenfible  that  the  faid 
will,  or  declaration,  was  not  valid, 
made  a  kind  of  codicil,  requefting 
his  fon,  and  the  perfons  therein  named, 
to  allow  out  of  the  rents  of  the  afore- 
faid eftate  (notwithftanding  he  had  re- 
ferved  no  authority  by  the  above  fet- 
tlement, and  alfo  bad  limited  an  eftate 
tail  Jfecial  thereby)  500 1.  or  as  much 
as  would  make  up  his  perfonal  eftate 
8co  1.  to  be  divided  between  his  daugh* 
'  ters  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years.-— 
The  anceftor  died,  furviving  the  mo- 
ther and  the  infants. 

N.  B.  The  fon  claimed  under  the 
deeds  of  fettlement  \  the  daughters 
had  a  remainder  in  abeiance.  The 
mother  of  the  infants  difcharged  400I. 
of  the  faid  contefted  will  by  deeds  of 
fettlement  to  her  daughters,  with  their 
releafes  thereon.' 

But  I  am  not  lawyer  enough  to  de- 
termine whether  fuch  payments  and 
releafes  are  a  good  bar  to  their  remain- 
der in  tail ;  if  not  they  enjoy  the  por- 
tions and  have  a  claim  to  the  eftate 
to  the  detriment  of  the  heir  in  tail  and 
his  iftue. 

ExtraB  of  a  Letter  from  Mr,  Martin, 
chief  EngMeer  at  Bcngi\f  dated  0&:0' 
ber  8,  1765.  From  FbUof.  TratiC 
FoL  LFIL 

"  T  N  regard  to  the  intenfe  and  uncom- 
X  mon  heat  in  this  climate  i  ir  has 

been 


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1 7  68.  Heat  of  the  JVcatber  at  Bengal. 


b«en  for  (bme  time  pad  almoft  infufFe- 
rahle. 

The  thermometer  was  feldom  un- 
der 98,  and  the  quick-filver  rofe  at  cer- 
tain times  of  the  day  to  104.  degrees, 
by  the  beft  a<iiufted  mftrument ;  nay, 
I  have  been  afturcd  by  fome  gentlemen, 
that,  in  the  .camp  500  miles  diftant, 
the  thermometer  often  ftood  at  ixo  5 
but  fuoh  a  ditFerence,  I  imagine,  was 
occafioned  by  the  badneis  of  the  in- 
ftniment. 

However  it  is  certain,  that  nothing 
could  exceeed  the  intenfe  heat  we  felt 
day  and  night,  during  the  month  of 
June.  May  and  July  were  lirde  infe- 
rior at  timet,  but  afforded  fome  in- 
termiflion;  otnerwife  a  very  great  mor- 
tality muft  have  attended  this  fettle- 
ment,  though  we  were  not  without  in- 
ftances  of  fatal  e/fe^^s  in  the  month 
of  June,  when  fome  few  individuals  in 
found  health  were  fuddenly  feized  and 
died  in  the  fpace  of  four  hours  after  ) 
but,  confidering  the  malignity  of  the 
climate,  we  have  not  \oii  many,  and 
I  believe  the  generality  of  people  are 
not  io  intemperate  as  fome  years  pait 
they  ufed  to  be ;  though,  from  what 
I  have  feen,  the  belt  conititutions  in 
the  mod  moderate  perfons  arc  a  poor 
match  againd  a  fever  or  other  difordcrs 
in  this  country. 

I  have  been  as  free  from  ficknefs  as 
any  other  perfon  in  the  fettlement ; 
but  I  cannot  fay  that  I  have  enjoyed 
myfelf  in  that  degree  as  to  be  an  ex- 
cefytion  ;  for  no  man  here  is  without 
complaints,  and*life  and  death  are  fo 
fuddenly  exchanged,  that  medicines 
have  not  time  very  frequently  to  ope- 
rate before  the  latter  prevails.  Tnis 
is  generally  the  cafe  in  malignant  fe- 
vers, which  are  here  ttrnitfS  pucker  fe- 
*vers^  meaning(in  the  nativeslanguage) 
ftrong  fevers. 

The  rains  have  fet  in  (ince  the^th  of 
June.  We  call  this  the  unhealthy  fea- 
fon  on  account  of  the  fait  petre  im- 
pregnated in  the  earth,  which  is  ex- 
haled by  the  fun,  when  the  rain  ad- 
mits of  intervals.  Great  ficknefs  is 
caufed  thereby,  efpecially  when  the 
rains  fubfidc  ;  which  generally  happens 
about  the  middle  of  Otlober.  The  aii- 
becomes  afterwards,  rather  more  tem- 
perate, and,  till  April,  permits  of  ex- 
crcife,  to  recover  the  human  frame, 
that  is  relaxed  and  worn  out  by  the 
preceding  fealbn  i  for  in  the  hot  pco 


4'3 

riods  every  relief.is  denied,  except  ri*- 
(ing  in  the  morning,  and  being  oa 
horfe-back  by  day-break,  in  order  to 
enjoy  an  hour,  or  little  more,  before 
the  fun  is  elevated:  It  becomes  top 
powerful  by  fix  o'clock  to  withftand 
its  influence  \  nor  can  the  fame  be  at- 
tempted that  day  again  till  the  fun  re- 
tires, A>  that  the  reft  of  the  twenty- 
four  hours  is  pafled  under  the  mott 
fevere  trials  of  heat.  In  fuch  feafon 
it  is  impofTible  to  deep  under  the  fufFo- 
cating  heat  that  renders  refpiration  ex-  . 
tremely  difficult }  hence  people  get 
out  into  the  virando's  and  elfewhere 
for  breath,  where  the  dews  prove  cooIt 
ing,  but  generally  mortal  to  fuch  at 
venture  to  flcep  in  that  air.  In  fhort, 
this  climate  foon  exbaufts  a  perfon^s 
health  and  itren^th,  -  though  ever  fo 
firm  in  conftitution,  as  is  vifible  in 
every  countenance,  after  being  here 
twelve  months.  I  have  been  lately  in- 
formed by  an  officer  of  diftindlion, 
who  was  fornierly  engineer  at  this 
place,  that  being  fent  out  to  furvey 
a  fait  lake  in  the  month  of  September, 
he  found  the  fulphureous  vapours  fo 
itagnated  and  grofs,  that  he  was  obli- 
ged to  get  up  into  the  tallefl  trees  he 
could  find,  to  enjoy  the  benefit  of  re- 
fpiration every  now  and  then  5  he  add- 
ed,  that  he  coullantly  had  rccourfe  to 
fmoakin^  tobacco,  (except  during  the 
hours  of  fleep)  to  which  and  to  fwaU 
lowing  large  quantities  of  raw  brandy 
(though  naturally  avcrfe  to  ftrong  li- 
quors) he  attributed  his  fafety.  How. 
ever,  on  his  return,  he  was  feized 
with  an  inveterate  fever  of  the  putrid 
kind,  which  he  miraculoufly  furvived, 
though  others,  who  attended  him  on 
the  furvey,  and  had  lived  many  years 
in  the  climate,  were  carried  off,  at 
the  fame  time  by  the  like  fever.'* 

THE  following  remonflrance  of 
the  infurgents  at  Madrid,  in  the 
year  1766,  (See  that  vol.  p.  272  >  is  a 
convincing  proof  how  difficult  it  is,  even 
underthe  moft  arbitrary  governments, 
totally  to  eradicate  from  the  humsn 
breaft,  the  generous  fcntiments  of  li- 
berty, or  to  fuhjea  the  natives  to 
the  defpotifm  of  a  foreign  minion  and 
minifler. 
Tranflatedfrom  the  original  Spaoifh, 
"  THE  infurgents  beg  leave  to 
prefent  this  humble  remonflrancc  to 
your  majcfty,  fettiog  forth  the  reafoni 

which 


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4U 

which  obliged  them,  with  hearts  full 
ot*  loyalty,  to  a6t  as  they  did,  that  the 
whole  world  may  be  informed  of  them 
and  the  fevered  judge  pronounce  the 
juilice  of  them. 

They  are  well  apprized  that  fome 
bafe-hearted  men  have  impofed  on 
your  maj#fty's  benevolent  mind,  by 
mfmuating  that  the  late  tumult  pro- 
ceeded from  didoyalty  and  a  want  of 
obedience  in  your  majefty's  fubjc^ls, 
which  nnay  have  prejudiced  the  Spanifh 
nation  in  your  majefty^s  opinion,  and 
muft  neceHarily  difturh  that  ea(e  and 
fecurity  which  they  have  always  en- 
joyed under) our majefty's  government. 

The  great  misfortune  of  kings  (even 
the  wifell)  is,  that  they  can  fee  but  lit- 
tle with  their  own  eyes,  and  are  obli- 
ged  to  take  things  upon  truft.  Not 
leeing  enough  to  know,  they  can  only 
know  from  what  they  hear  5  and  the 
voice  of  rumour  is  often  the  voice  of 
faWhood.  Experience  of  men  and 
things  is  a  difficult  fc-ence  for  a  king  ; 
joor  will  fpeculaiive  knowledge  enable 
him  to  give  a  proper  dilpatch  to  bu-  . 
I^nefs,  without  being  well  informed  of* 
fa6t$  and  circun>(lances  j  and  thefe  are 
too  often  mifreprefenied  to  him. 
Princfs  (fays  a  cfrtain  politician)  /^/^/oot 
knouus  things  as  they  really  arct  but  as 
ihcir  favourites,  ivho  ba*ve  tbcir  ear^ 
tkuft  to  reprtjhit  them.  What  a  pity  it 
is  (hat  the  ipirii  of  truth  is  not  radi- 
cally diitinguilhed  from  that  of  flattery 
and  hypocri  V,  by  a  peculiar  dialedii 
But  alas  I  one  and  the  lame  languiige 
being  indifcriminately  ufcd  to  cxpiefs 
equal  zsal,  the  various  paflions  and 
the  fourcc  of  ihefe  p:«filons  lying  hid, 
It  is  cify  to  exhibit  fallhood  for  iruth 
the  former  aOuruing  the  mafk  of  the 
latter. 

To  analyTe  the  language  of  an  artful 
flatterer,  is  a  difficult  ta(k  for  a  kinr, 
becaufe  he  c.uinot  diJcovcr  the  bias 
and  temper  of  his  fubje^i:?,  by  any 
intercouifc  or  dealing,  which  in  the 
fyftcni  of  human  prudence,  is  the 
furelt  way  to  know  them  ;  nor  does 
h;s  high  iK^tion  admit  of  fuch  fa- 
miliar convtrfc.  They  who  gain  their 
mailer's  ear,  gcnaally  find  means  to 
prejudice  his  incliuitions  and  paflions 
in  their  own  favour,  and  then  give 
him  fuch  advice  and  inclinations,  as 
are  molt  likely  to  plcafc  and  be  agree- 
able, but  what  goes  amifs,  or  may  be 
unwelcome  to  him,  they  conceal. 

•  About  fifteen  millions  of  pound  <  flerlin^. 


Remonstrance 


Aug. 

Ob  the  ftrength  of  this  maxim.  Sir, 
your  rubje6ls  have  made  the  clamour 
they  did  }  and  as  they  perceived  the 
difeafe  growing  defperate,  for  want  of 
a  phyiician  who  (hould  prefcrtbe  a  re- 
medy, the  infurgcnts  refolvcd,  at  the 
hazard  of  giving  offence,  and  even  at 
the  peril  of  their  lives,  to  put  a  (lop 
to  fo  baneful  a  diflemper. 

Your  majefty  (ucceded  to  the  throne 
of  Spain,  at  a  juncture  much  more  fa- 
vourable than  your  royal  father,  or 
brother  Don  Ferdinand,  experienced 
at  their  accefiions.  Ruin  tlicn  threat- 
ened, on  all  fides;  their  fun.fhine  was 
clouded,  and  prol'perity  only  glimmer- 
ed at  a  diliance.  But  your  majefty  be- 
gan  your  reign  with  fix  hundred  mil- 
lions of  reals  •  in  your  treafury,  60,000 
regular  troops,  50  fhips  of  the  line, 
and  a  people  in  general  above  a  middle 
ftate.  Then  your  majefty*!  alliance 
was  fo  anxioufly  courted  by  all  other 
powers,  that  when  they  could  not  ob- 
tain it,  they  were  contented  with  your 
neutrality,  drc'iding  your  majcfty*s  de- 
claring for  one  fide  or  the  other,  as  a 
fuperior  power  who  might  turn  the- 
fcale. 

Into  the  hands  of  the  marmiis  Squil- 
lacci,  your  majefty  immcdiafcly  put 
the  reins  of  government ;  and  that 
with  a  power  fo  abfolute,  that  no  man 
could  dare  attempt  to  undeceive  your 
majefty,  in  an  error  fo  palpably  giving 
a  fan6Vton  to  all  his  aftion^,  as  the  ut- 
moft  eflbi  ts  of  wifdom  :  And  lo  !  in 
the  fpace  of  fix  years,  during  which 
he  has  borne  the  fway,  he  has  brought 
your  majefty  to  a  want  of  money,  of 
troops,  and  of  arms.  Tor  at  this  day 
your  majefty  cannot  reckon  600,000 
reals  f  in  your  trcalury,  nor  25,000 
men  in  your  army,  nor  i4firip8of  w^r 
in  your  Heet.  And  inftead  of  giving 
the  rule,  your  majefty  is  (hamefully 
reduced  to  the  mean  necelfity  of  obey- 
ing it.  So  notorioufty  have  poftt  of 
honour  been  put  up  to  public  fale, 
that  nothing  but  the  au^ioneer's  voice 
was  wanting  to  proclaim  it.  The 
fpirits  of  the  people  are  frnking  under 
oppreftlon,  and  the  regiments  are  un- 
recruited  without  any  means  for  levy- 
ing men. 

lt\  Ihort,  Sire,  he  has  brought  our 
arms  into  difrepnte,  he  has  left  the 
Spaniards  without  order,  and  the 
kmgdom  in  fuch  a  ftateof  defperation, 
that  its  recovery  muft  be  a  work  of 

time, 
f  About  fifteen  tLoufand  pounds  JferUhg. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


time.  Self-intereft  always  engrolTed 
his  thoughts,  amafltng  wealth  with  in- 
iatiable  avarice,  and  now  with  the 
many  millions  that  he  hat  purloined, 
he  may  boaft  of  being  worth  more 
money  than  all  his  anceftors  ever  pof- 
fcflcd. 

Not  fatisfied  with  this,  he  has  pro- 
cured himfelf,  by  infidious  arts,  the 
management  of  the  Indies,  under  a 
pretence  of  its  bein?  a  branch  of  his 
department  as  Mimfiro  de  Haxienda, 
And  as  no  man  durll  venture  to  op- 
pofe  his  career,  no,  not  till  he  had 
ieft  Spain  at  its  laft  gafp,  he  formed 
the  proje6i  of  ruining  the  Indies,  the 
execution  of  which  he  began  with  To 
much  violence,  thvit  one  of  his  firft  ef- 
foits  occafioned  an  infurrc^ion  at  Qui- 
to* a  considerable  province  in  Ame- 
rica \  and  (hat  bad  example  has  had 
fuch  an  eftcft  on  the  other  provinces, 
that  they  alfo  are  not  a  little  difpofed 
to  renounce  their  allegiance  to  your 
majefty. 

Such  has  been  the  adminiftralion  of 
the  marquis  Squillacci,  your  majefty's 
darling  minider  i 

What  can  the  infurgents  fuppofe  but 
that  your  majefty  has  been  ignorant 
of  all  thefc  evils  !  For  had  a  hint  of 
them  reached  your  majefty's  ears, 
without  doubt  you  would  have  diveft- 
ed  yourfclf  of  partiality,  you  would 
have  turned  your  love  to  hatred,  and 
have  ftripped  of  his  power,  that  tyrant 
minifter,  whofe  objf6t  was  the  ruin  of 
your  majelty,  of  Spain,  and  of  the  In- 
dies. 

Had  the  northern  Potentates,  who 
arc  enemies  to  the  crown  of  Spain,  im- 
pofed  upon  your  majefty  a  prime  mi- 
nider,  with  a  view  to  weaken  your 
majefty^s  power,  to  wafte  your  trca- 
furcs,  to  annihilate  your  troops,  and 
to  deftroy  your  (hips  of  war  in  the  Me- 
diterranean, could  they  for  thefc  pur- 
pofes,  have  found  a  man  (o  proper  as 
the  marquis  Squillacci  ?  It  appears, 
they  could  not,  for  they  fee  all  their 
wilhes  accomplifhed  in  him. 

In  this  lituation  your  majefly  finds 
yourfclf  and  your  kingdom  Your 
fubjedts,  though  opprefled,  know  not 
how  to  deliver  themfelvcs  from  a  mi- 
nifter  who  tyrannifes  over  Spain,  and 
over  your  majefty  too.  For  notwith- 
Handt^g  the  many  admonitions  they 
liave  giveni  none  have  had  the  dciired 


Of  the  Infurgents  at  Madrid.  415 

cffctf^.  The  infurgents  therefore,  fee- 
ing their  country  at  the  lait  extremity, 
determined,  though  with  fome  appear- 
ance of  irregularity,  to  aim  at  the 
man  who  had  trampled  on  your  ma- 
jefty's  crown,  and  treated  your  fub- 
je6ts  with  trontcmpt. 

And  now  the  queftion  is,  whethrr 
this  rage  fliall  be  faid  to  proceed  from 
diHoyalty,  or  from  hearts  full  of  loy- 
alty ?  Does  it  fpring  from  hatred,  or 
from  love  ?  Shall  it  be  deemed  difobe- 
dience  to  rifque  our  lives  for  the  fake 
of  feeing  our  king  reinftatcd  in  hit 
wonted  /plendor  ?  Or  will  our  faithful 
zeal,  our  anxiety  for  your  majefty^s  be- 
ing refpe6tcd  and  formidable,  be  pro- 
nounced criminal  or  praife-worthy  ? 
Shall  the  (ludying  means  of  relief,  for 
a  bleeding  people,  that  they  may  in- 
cfcafe  and  multiply,  for  the  defence 
of  your  majefty 'fi  perfon  and  govern- 
ment, that  they  may  flourifti  in  opu- 
lence, be  called  a  fmifter  delign,  or 
the  duty  of  a  good  fuhjeft  ?  Let  any 
man,  be  he  who  he  will,  refolve  thele 
queftions. 

Perhaps  the  edi6t  publilhcd  againft 
cloaks,  and  flapped  hats,  may  be  ef- 
teemed  the  caufc  of  this  alarm. 

This  indeed  was  made  ufe  of  after 
paving  the  way  to  the  great  end  which 
was  propofcd  :  But  the  inftruments  (in- 
capable of  diving  into  the  ftate  of  the 
nation  and  the  means  of  its  re-efta- 
blifliment)  were  inlligated  only  by  their 
own  feelings  :  They  confidered  theni- 
fclves  only  as  deprived  of  a  convenience 
by  the  prohibition  of  that  drefs,  and 
on  fuch  an  occafion  they  are  the  nc- 
cefl'ary  tools. 

But  the  truth  is,  your  majefty's  prin- 
cipal fubje^Sl-s  had  a  nobler  objeft  in 
view;  wirnefs,  the  regularity  of  their 
proceedings  ;  fo  that  in  a  popular  city, 
to  outward  appearance' in  riot  and  con- 
fufio»,  as  much  good  order  was  ob- 
ferved,  as  in  time  of  quiet  and  tran- 
quility. 

Let  any  honeft  man  fay,  that  he  fuf- 
fcred  the  leaft  injury  on  this  occafion  | 
and  fcarcely  was  the  cxpulfion  of  the 
marquis  Squillacci  confirmed,  when 
the  city  of  Mad  rid,  beyond  expe^atioii, 
was  fo  fudc^enly  reftored  to  calmnefs 
and  ferenity,  that  all  who  faw  it  were 
ftruck  with  admiration.  N.iy,  the 
mullitude  of  boys,  to  the  number  jof 
aoooj    who   had     been    employed   in 

giving 


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CONSTITUTrON     OF 


416 

givtne  the  watch-word  to  the  mob, 
ccafed  their  noi fy  outcries,  as  if  (truck 
dumb  in  a  moment. 

We  all  know  and  confefs,  that  no 
nation  can  have  a  prince  more  kind, 
affable,  and  beneficiciit,  or  a  greater 
lover  of  juftice.  To  fuch  a  king  what 
can  be  more  deplorable,  what  more 
unfortunate,  than  the  being  involved 
in  fuch  a  cloud  of  ignorance,  with 
regard  to  his  minifter  as  to  believe  that 
he  has  the  honour  of  the  king,  and 
the  good  of  the  people  at  heart,  at  the 
very  time  when  he  is  acting  in  direct 
oppofition  to  both  f 

Therefore,  Sire,  it  would  be  bed  to 
hear  much,  and  believe  but  little,  and 
to  compare  advice  with  information, 
and  to  prevent  fuch  bad  confequences 
as  often  refult  from  too  great  credulity 
in  the  cabinet  i  thecounlclof  fuch  men, 
of  low  birth,  as  may  be  endowed  with 
more  than  ordinary  talents,  ought  not 
to  be  difdaincd.  Confider  their  opi- 
Dions,  and  follow  thc.advice  that  fecms 
bell.  Wifdom  is  not  derived  from 
birth  but  from  reafon.  Undcrftanding 
cannot  be  inherited,  tho'  titles  of  no- 
bility may. 

What  can  add  fuch  dignity  to  the 
crown  as  the  refpedl  of  the  (ubje^ts  ? 
What  can  give  it  fuch  fplendor  as  their 
homage  and  their  love  ? 

Loyalty  is  the  drd  fruits  of  their  ho- 
mage, but  your  majefty  mult  (how  an 
afFcftion  for  them  before  you  can  gain 
their  love.  In  other  words,  the  fide- 
lity with  which  your  majelly's  fubjefls 
abound,  will  always  make  vou  re- 
fpe£led  by  them  ;  but  afls  ot  bencfi- 
cience  are  neceHary  to  win  their  hearts. 
It  being  notorious.  Sire,  that  foreign- 
ers have  engroiTed  your  favours,  how 
can  you  expe6l  your  peoples  love  ? 

The  attachment  ot  a  foreigner  can- 
not but  be  venal.  His  efteem  is  only 
in  proportion  to  what  he  can  get. 

What  kind  of  attachment  then  can 
this  be  ?  or  what  fecurity  can  be  had 
for  it  ?  With  what  confiflency  can  he 
leave  his  proper  fovereign,  and  pretend 
to  be  faithful  to  another?  This  is  un- 
natural, and  it  is  equally  fo  to  find  a 
foreigner  feizing  the  emoluments  due 
to  your  fub)e6Vs,  who  labour  with  the 
fweat  of  their  brows  for  the  fupport  or 
your  throne,  your  own  people  lowing 
the  ground,  and  Grangers  reaping  the 
harvcll. 
The  real  fpring  by  which  the  hearts 


Atig. 


of  the  infurgents  were  put  in  motion  is 
now  eafy  to  be  difcovered  :  And 
(hould  they  be  fo  happy  as  to  find  that 
your  majefly  fees  it  in  its  true  light, 
they  will  then  with  the  moft  humble 
obeifancc,  proftrate  thcmfclves  at  year 
majefty^s  (tct,  offering  their  lives  and 
fortunes  as  a  faci  hke  to  the  love  they 
bear  your  majefiy,  and  the  ardent  zeal 
which  they  have  for  the  tranquillity 
and  happinefs  of  your  majetty's  king- 
dom." 

The  Conflituthn  of  Barbadoes  :    From  A 
(hort  Hiilory  oj  that  IJland,  lately  pmh- 
lijbed, 
**  'X^HE  government  of  Barbadoes 
X    coniiiis  of  a  governor,   who  n 
appointed  by  the  king ;    a  council  of 
twelve  men,  who  are  alio  appointed  by 
his  majefiy,    by  letters  of  mandamus  j 
and   an  aflcmbly  of  twenty-two   free- 
holders, chofen  by  a  majority  of  free- 
holders from  the  feveral  parifhes.    Two 
reprefentatives  are  returned  from  each 
parifh.'    The  members  of  council  (as 
privy  counfellois)  advife  and   aflift  the 
governor  in  all  matters  relaiive  to  the 
government :    They  are  alfo  a   check 
upon  him,  if  he  exceeds  the  bounds  of 
his  commi(rion  :    They  (as  part  of  the 
legiAature)  form  the  upper  houfe,  and 
in  pa(rmg  all  laws,  ?&.  arthe  houfe  of 
peers  in  Great  Britain :    They  alfo, 
wiih  thegovernor,  conftitute  the  courts 
of  chancery  and  errors,    where  each 
member  gives  his  opinion  in  all  caufes. 
The  governor  hath  power  to  appoint 
and  difpiace  all  military  officers,    and 
to  di/Tolve  the  adembly  \    and   alfo  to 
place  a  negative  upon  all  bills  :   judges 
of  the  court,  and  juftices  of  the  peace, 
cannot  be  appointed,  but  by  and  with 
the  confent  of  the  council,    whofe  ap- 
probation or  concurrence  mufl  be  ob- 
tained when  a  judge  is  removed  from 
his  ofHce.    No  member  of  council  can 
be  removed  by  a  governor,    without 
the  confent  of    the  majority  of  the 
council,  unlefs  on  fome  very  extraor- 
dinary occafion  not  fit  to  be  divulged 
to  the  whole  body.    In  fuch  a  cafe, 
the  reafons  for  fuch  fufpenfion  (or  re- 
moval) are  immediately  to  be  tranf- 
mitted  to  the  kingi  n  council,  where 
the  member  fufpended  may  make  his 
defence.    A  member  of  council  vacates 
his  feat,    by  abfenting  himfelf  (even 
years  from  the  council  board,  without 
leave  of  abfence   obtained  from   the 

king 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3  A  R  B  A  D  0  E  S 


king,  or  from  the  commander  in  chief 
of  the  iiUnd.  If  there  are  lefs  than 
feven  members  of  council  refident  upon 
the  ifland,  the  commander  in  chief 
hath  power  to  fill  up  to  that  number, 
until  his  majefty's  pleaftire  is  known, 
that  the  bufiners  of  the  iftand  may  not 
be  retarded.'  The  governor  always  fits 
in  council,  even  when  a6ts  are  pafied  -, 
a  practice  that  feems  to  have  bseti  eda- 
blifhed  by  cuftom  only ;  for  it  appears 
to  be  uncon(li(utional.  It  is  noc  a 
cuftom  adopted  by  all  the  colonies. 
The  governor,  befides  his  falary  of 
two  thoufand  pounds  fterling,  payable 
out  of  the  four  and  ha|f  per  cent,  is  en- 
titled to  a  third  of  feizures  ;  but  he  is 
reftrained  from  receiving  any  prefent 
from  the  aflemblv,  unlefs  as  a  fettle- 
ment  made  by  tne  firft  alTembly  he 
meets  after  his  arrival.  This  fettlc- 
ment  has  latterly  been  three  thoufand 
pounds  per  annum  currency.  In  the 
abfence  of  a  governor,  the  fenior  mem- 
ber of  council  a&s  as'  commander  in 
chief  i  but  he  cannot  diflblve  an  afTem- 
bly:  Nor  can  he  remove  or  fufpend 
any  oiRcer,  civil  or  military,  without 
the  confent  of  feven  members  of  coun- 
cil. In  other  refpe&s  he  has  the  fame 
power  as  a  governor.  The  prefident 
IS  allowed  one  half  of  the  falafry  or 
emolument  allotted  to  the  governor. 
Five  members  of  co^mcil  make  a  quo- 
iiini  to  tranfadl  buiinefs,  and  to 
conftitute  a  court  of  chancery  and 
court  of  error.  The  commander  in 
chief  collates  reftors  to  the  pariflies 
of  the  ifland,  which  are  eleven  ^ 
The  reftors  perquifites  are  conli- 
derable  i  their  income  eftabllHied 
by  law  is  one  hundred  and  fifty  pounds 
per  annum*  exclufive  of  all  prefents, 
and  other  benefits.  The  clergy  are 
all  of  the  church  of  England.  The  re- 
prefentatives  of  the  people  are  chofen 
annually  by  virtue  of  a  writ  (or  com- 
miflSon)  ifTued  by  the  governor  in  coun- 
cil, direded  to  the  eldeft  member  o^. 
council  in  each  pariHi,  authorizing 
him  to  convene  the  freeholders,  and 
to  receive  their  votes  :  afterwards,  a 
return  of  the  writ,  with  a  certificate 
of.  the  choice  of  the  freeholders,  is 
made  to  the  governor  in  council, 
when  the  reprefcntatives  take  the  liate 
oaths  and  oaths  of  oiEce  before  the  go- 
vernor and  council ,  which  they  alfo 
do  upon  the  acceHlon  of  a  new  go- 
Auguft,  1768. 


417 

vernor  or  prefident.  The  aflerably 
chufe  their  fpeaker,  who  cannot  a« 
as  fuch  before  he  is  prefented  to,  and 
approved  by  the  commander  in  chief. 
The  fpeaker  and  eleven  other  members 
conftitute  a  houfe  for  tran fasting  of 
bufinefs.  They  chufe  a  clerk  and  mar- 
fhal  of  their  houfe.  They  may  expel 
any  of  their  members,  and  may  give 
leave  to  two  of  them  together  to  go  off 
the  ifiand  for  fix  months  for  recovery 
of  health.  They  have  power  to  try 
and  determine  all  controverted  elec- 
tions, and  can  adjourn  thcmfelves  from 
day  to  day  ;  all  longer  adjournmentf 
are  made  by  the  commander  in  chief, 
or  with  his  leave.  They,  together 
with  the  governor  and  council,  an- 
nually nominate  the  agent,  the  trea- 
furcr,  the  ftore  keeper  of  the  magazines, 
the  comptroller  of  the  excife,  the  gan- 
gers of  cafks,  and  an  infoedtorof  health. 
Difagreements  have  formerly  arifen 
between  the  council  and  afiembly  con- 
cerning the  nomination  of  thefc  offi- 
cers,  and  alfo  concferning  the  method 
of  ifiuing  the  public  money  from  the 
treafury  ;  their  difputes  have  gone  fo 
far,  that  references  have  been  made 
to  the  throne.  In  paffing  all  laws, 
the  houfe  of  afTembly  forms  that  part 
of  their  c6nftitution  which  the  com- 
mons houfe  does  in  England.  Four  of 
the  council  nominated  by  the  governor, 
and  fix  of  the  aflembljr  named  by  the 
fpeaker,  are  a  committee  for  fettling 
the  public  accounts  of  the  ifiand ; 
among  which  number  is  the  treafur- 
cr's  account.  The  treafurer  cannot 
pay  any  public  money,  nor  make  any 
particular  appropriation  of  money, 
without  an  aft  of  the  ifiand,  or  an  or- 
der from  the  governor  and  council. 
Three  of  the  council  and  four  of  the 
afiembly  are  appointed  a  committee  to 
correfpond  with  the  agent  in  Great 
Britain.  The  court  of  exchequer  is 
held  by  a  chief  baron  and  four  aflifting 
barons  appointed  by  the  governor  and 
council.  Any  three  make  a  court. 
Barbadoes  is  divided  into  five  prectnfts 
though  there  are  eleven  parilhes  5  a 
judge  and  four  afiiftants  prefide  in 
each  precinft.  They  hold  a  court  of 
common  picas  for  trial  of  all  caufes 
once  every  month,  from  the  laft  Mon- 
day in  January  to  the  latter  end  of 
September.  From  thefe  courts  appeals 
lie  in  all  caufes  above  ten  pounds  va- 
G  g  g  lue 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Trial  of 


4«8 

lue  to  the  gcnrernor  and  council  y  and 
from  them  in  all  caufe$  above  five 
hundred  pounds  to  the  king  and  coun- 
cil of  Great  Briuin.  The  chief  judge* 
of  the  courts  of  common  pleas  take 
the  probate  of  all  deeds.  The  go- 
▼ernor  appoints  the  two  mafters  in 
chancerv,  the  efchealor,  and  folicitor 
general.'  The  attorney  general  is  ap- 
pointed by  patent  $  the  jud^e  of  the 
▼ice  admiralty  court*  the  regifter,  the 
clerk  of  the  crown,  the  fecrctarv,  and 
clerk  of  the  council,  the  provoft  mar- 
fhal,  and  naval  officer  are  appointed  by 
oatent.  The  cafual  receiver  and  au- 
ditor general  have  their  commiHions 
from  the  crown  ;  the  furvcyor  general, 
and  other  officers  of  the  cuftoras  are 
appointed  from  the  department  of  the 
treafurys  and  upon  a  vacancy  in  the 
cuiloms  the  furveyor  general  nomi- 
natas  pro  tempore.  The  juftices  of  the 
peace  are  appointed  by  a  commKTion 
iifued  by  the  governor  with  the  con- 
lent  of  the  council^  which  commif- 
ffion  is  generally  ifTued  foon  after 
the  appointment  of  a  governor. 
The  governor,  by  and  with  the 
advice  of  the  council,  appoints  a 
chief  juilice  of  the  court  of  grand  CtC- 
ftons,  or  general  gaol  delivery }  which 
court  is  appointed  by  law  to  be  held 
twice  in  every  year.  This  court  gene- 
rally holds  four  days,  and  is  formed 
by  the  chief  juftice,  and  any  other  five 
iuftices  of  the  peace.  Six  freeholders 
from  each  pariQi  are  returned  by  the 
elded  member  of  council  refident  in 
each  parifli,  by  virtue  of  the  gover* 
Aor's  writ  (or  commiffion)  to  ferve  on 
«  the  grand  inqueil,  and  petty  juries. 
This  court  acquits  or  condemns  all  cri- 
minals, the  commander  in  chief  having 
a  right  to  refpite  thofe  condemned 
from  time  to  time.  The  juilices  in 
their  feveral  parishes  hold  a  quarter 
ieffion  for  the  appointment  of  confia- 
bles,  and  rcftifying  of  abufcs.  The 
governor  appoints  a  coroner  to  each  ^office,  and  that 'as  they  had  the'beft 


Aag. 

as  captain  general,  ufaally  prefides  at 
the  councils  of  war  {  but  the  commif- 
fion of  prefident  of  the  councils  of  war 
is  often  granted  to  the  lieutenant  ge- 
neral. There  are  fix  regiments  of  foot 
militia  in  the  ifiand,  and  four  of  horfe, 
be  fides  a  troop  called  the  borfe  guards. 
There  is  an  excellent  armoury,  and 
alfo  a  good  train  of  artillery  in  Bar- 
badoes.** 

AhflroB  of  the  Trial  of  John  Grainger, 
Daniel  Clark,  Richard  Cornwall, 
Patrick  Lynch,  Thomas  Murray, 
Peter  Flaharty.a^f/^Nicholas  M*Cabe, 
for/hoofing  at  John  Green,  contrary  to 
the  Statute,  on  the  zifl  of  April  iaji  •. 

JOHN  GREEN,  living  at  the 
bottom  of  New  Gravel  Lane,  Shad- 
well,  depofed,  that  he  was  employed 
as  deputy  agent  under  Mr.  William 
Ruflei,  who,  as  agent  under  Mr.  Al* 
derman  Beckford,  was  concerned  in 
the  execution  of  the  a6l  of  parliament 
for  regulating  coal-heavers^  that  be- 
fore this  they  were  under  the  dire6Hon 
of  Judice  Hodgfon,  and  revolted  from 
the  coal- undertakers,  firtf  infixing  up- 
on i6d.  a  fcore,  and  then  iSd.  but  at 
laft  would  have  nothing  to  do  with 
the  undertakers,  and  would  have  their 
price  under  the  a£t  of  parliarae|it  i  that 
Mr.  RiiiTel  and  the  deponent  had  fixed 
upon  an  office  at  Billingfgate  for  re« 
gillering  the  coal-heavers,  but  none  of 
them  came  there,  alledging  they  were 
under  the  direction  of  Juftice  Hodgfon, 
to  whom  only  they  would  apply  j  that 
the  deponent  was  fent  with  a  com- 
plaint to  the  juftice,  by  Mr.  RufTel,  de- 
firing  a  meetmg  with  him,  which  he 
excnfed,  but  would  fend  his  clerk,  and 
further  told  him,  that  if  Mr.  RufiTel 
did  not  defift,  he  would  meet  with 
trouble,  and  he  would  giye  him  a  pret- 
ty dance  to  Weftminfter-hall,  for  the 
a^  of  parliament  was  in  fb  vague  a 
manner  that  any  body  might  keep  an 


pai'ith.  Gunners  and  matrofles  belong- 
ing to  each  of  the  five  divifions  are 
under  the  command  of  the  colonels 
of  foot  to  which  each  divifion  belongsj 
hut  they  are  ajppointed  by  the  com- 
jnander  in  chief,  at  the  recommenda- 
tion of  the  faid  colonek.  The  com- 
iniiiioQers  for  taking  care  of  the  for- 
tfticatlons  are  the  members  oJF  council 
and  afl'embly,  and  field  officers  belong- 
ing to  each  precln^.    The  governor. 


•  Sfif.  3S1. 


men  at  their  office,  they  did  not  fear 
to  have  the  bufinefs ;  that,  however, 
in  a  few  days  after,  Mr.  RuiTel  adver- 
tifed  for  men  to  come,  but  nene  came  1 
and  then  he  advertifed  for  their  com- 
ipg  at  fuch  a  time,  or  he  would  em« 
ploy  fuch  able-bodied  n^n  as  chofe 
to  come  'y  whereupon  many  came,  and 
^hey  were  put  in  the  gangs  $  that 
fionfter,  Jultice  Hodgfon's  clerk  hav- 
11^  feen  the  deponent  do  this  at  Bil- 
lingfgate 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1769. 

lingfgate,  he  brought  to  his  ^oor  no 
lefs  than  three  or  four  hundred  of 
thefe  men,  a  great  many  of  whom 
threatened  they  would  pull  down  hi« 
houfe,  or  they  would  do  for  him  )  that 
the  deponent  went  to  the  Manfion- 
lioufe  to  acquaint  the  lord  mayor  of 
the  danger  he  was  in,  and  received 
for  anfwer  that  he  muft  be  direded  by 
fomc  magiftrate  in  his  neighbourhood; 
that  on  Saturday  morning,  the  i6th  of 
April,  the  coal-heavers  having  put  up 
fome  bills,  a  neighbour's  fervant  went 
and  pulled  one  down,  upon  which  the 
coal-heavers  cried  out  that  Green*s 
maid  had  pulled  down  their  bills  j  and 
then  they  <iire6l]y  came  running  from 
different  parts  to  his  door,  to  the  a- 
inotint  of  one  hundred  and  upwards. 
The  purport,  the  deponent  faid,  of  the 
i>ills,  was  a  libel  on  Mr.  Alderman 
Beckford,  and  what  was  done  was 
Mr.  Rufll^rs  own  doing.-— *The  ads 
of  violence  committed  by  the  coal- 
heavers  againft  this  deponent,  bed  ap- 
pear from  his  own  words. 

I  aiked  them,  faid  he,  what  they 
wanted  with  me?  They  cried,  by  Je- 
fus  they  would  have  my  life  if  I  offered 
to  meddle  with  any  of  their  bills :  I 
faid  I  had  not  meddled  with  any,  nor 
none  had  that  belonged  to  me.  One 
of  them  cried,  by  JeUis  he  (hall  have  a 
bill  put  up  at  his  own  window  ;  be 
took  up  a  handful  of  dirt,  and  put  it 
upon  the  window,  and  put  the  bill 
upon  it  -y  another  of  them  laid  hold  of 
my  collar,  and  dragged  me  off  the  (lep 
of  my  door;  another  faid,  haul  him 
into  the  river :  faid  another,  by  Jefus 
we  will  drown  him :  I  got  from  them, 
and  retreated  back  into  ray  houfe. 
After  that  I  went  to  Billingfgate,  and 
met  feveral  of  them  there  4  there  they 
threatened  they  would  have  my  life. 
When  I  came  home,  I  faw  a  great 
many  of  thefe  people  running  from 
their  different  habitations,  fome  with 
bludgeons,  or  broomfticke,  and  wea- 
pons of  that  fort  4  they  did  not  colled 
themfelves  in  a  body,  but  were  run- 
ning to  the  head  of  New  Gravel- lane. 
I  believe  about  four  or  five  hundred 
of  them  came  within  two  hundred 
yards  of  my  houfe;  they  went  to  Mr. 
Metca^f  >,  a  neighbour  of  mine,  and 
threatened  him ;  there  was  one  of 
them,  a  pretended  friend  of  mine, 
that  had  promifed,  when  he  knew 
any    thing    againft    me*    he   would 


Th  eCoal-Heavbrs.' 


419 


let  me  know :  I  fat  up  to  guard  my 
houfe,  and  fent  my  wife  and  children 
out  of  the  houfe;  after  that  I  pre- 
vailed upon  my  wife  to  ftay  in  the 
houfe,  upon  this  man's  intelligence ; 
he  came  about  twelve,  and  told  me 
that  nothing  was  intended  againft  me, 
that  they  had  done  the  bufinefs  they 
were  about.  I  went  to  bed  and  wa« 
afleep  :  I  was  awaked  by  ray  fiRer-in- 
law,  calling;,  Mr.  Green,  Mr.  Green, 
for  God's  lake,  we  fliall  be  murdered  s 
this  was  about  one  o'clock  on  the 
Sunday  morning.  I  jumped  out  of 
bed,  and  ran  into  the  next  room  where 
ray  arms  were;  I  took  and  levelled 
one,  and  faid,  you  rafcalt,  if  you  do 
not  befi;one,  I  will  (hoot  you ;  they 
were  then  drivin^^  at  my  doors  .and 
(huttcrt,  the  noife  was  terrible,  like  a 
parcel  of  men  working  upon  a  (hip's 
bottom;  I  could  compare  it  to  no- 
thing elfe.  I  fired  among  them,  I  be- 
lieve I  fired  about  fourteen  times,  and 
when  I  had  not  any  thing  ready  to 
fire,  I  threw  glafs  bottles  upon  them  § 
they  were  at  this  about  a  quarter  of  an 
hour,  when  they  all  difperfed.  Oa 
the  Monday  I  went  to  Billingfgate 
about  eleven,  I  faw  (everal  of  tbega 
there,  who^  threatened  me,  Dunfler 
was  there  aifo;  they  told  me  they 
would  do  for  me  if  I  did  not  defift 
from  my  proceedings,  which  was  to 
regifter  fuch  people  as  applied;  there 
were  always  fome  of  the  coal-heavers 
about  Dunfter ;  he  talked  of  the  ad<> 
vertifements  that  had  been  in  tne  pa- 
per,  and  faid  they  were  mine,  for  he 
faid  Mr.  RufTel  had  told  him  he  totali- 
]y  declined  having  any  thing  to  fay 
to  it,  and  it  was  ray  doing  only;  I 
faid,  do  not  deceive  thefe  men,  that 
is  very  wrong  of  you  ;  I  a(kcd  him,  if 
Mr.  Ruffel  did  not  tell  him  he  would 
advertife  to  this  eife^ ;  I  began  to  be 
afraid,  and,  as  many  of  them  came 
about  me,  1  left  them. 

Nothing  happened  after  till  Wednef- 
day  night,  that  was  the  lotb,  about 
feven  in  the  evening;  then  I  faw  m 
great  many  of  thefe  coal-heavers  aiTem- 
bling  together  about  three  or  four 
hundred  yards  from  my  houfe,  goins 
up  Gravel-lane ;  I  (hut  up  my  houfe 
as  hik  as  I  could«  and  told  my  wife 
to  get  out  of  the  houfe  as  faft  as  fhe 
could  with  her  children;  accordingly 
(he  went  away  with  the  shild  that  wag 
adeep  in  the  cradle  i  Gilberthorp  waf 

G  g  g  a  ^  in 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


420 


G    R    E    E    N'S 


lAug. 


in  the  bottr<?,  dilnk'mg  a  pint  of 
beer  (I  did  not  know  his  name  then) 
laid  I,  brother  tarpawlin»  (he  is  a 
fea- faring  man)  I  am  afraid  I  ihall 
kave  a  dtiperate  attack  to* night,  from 
what  I  have  heard,  will  you  iiand  by 
me  and  give  me  all  the  inTtftance  you 
can  ?  Yesy  faid  he,  that  I  will.  When 
the  houfe  was  fecured  backwards  and 
forwards,  I  went  up  (lairs,  fome  flones 
had  broke  (bme  windows  there ;  I  be- 
lieve fome  of  them  had  thrown  ftones 
and  run  away :  I  heard  them  caH  out 
Wilkes  and  Liberty  ^  I  iaw  the  neigh- 
bours lighting  up  candles  $  I  faid  to 
my  maid,  for  God's  fake  light  up  can- 
dies,  for  tbefe  people  (hall  have  no 
occafioa  at  all  to  ufe  me  ill.  I  went 
to  the  window  and  begged  of  them  to 
defift,  and  faid,  if  they  knew  any 
thing  particular  of  me,  I  was  willing 
to  refolve  any  thing  they  ivanted  to 
know :  feeing  I  could  not  defend  my- 
felf,  I  difguifed  myfelf,  and  put  on  an 
old  wacch-coat  and  a  Dutch  cap,  and 
went  down  ftairs  in  order  to  get  a  ma- 
piftrate  to  come  and  prevent  my  hou(^ 
from  being  puUed  down  $  I  had  one 
Dunderdale,  a  (hoemaker,  that  lodged 
in  my  houfe,  he  went  witii  me ;  when  I 
came  down  to  the  back  door,  I  heard 
them  threaten  that  they  would  have 
Diy  life)  I  thea  found  it  impoflible  to 

f;et  out  of  the  houfe ;  I  ran  up  Hairs, 
ully  determined  to  defend  myielf  as 
long  at  r  was  able ;  I  fpoke  to  them  again 
in  the  ftreet  from  the  window,  and 
defired  them  to  tell  me  what  I  had 
done:  they  called  out  in  the  ftreet 
they  would  have  me  and  hang  me  over 
myiign-poft;  others  faid  they  would 
broil  and  roaft  me,  and  words  to  that 
ef&d:  Stones  came  up  very  faft.  I 
then  took  a  brace  of  piftols  from  the 
table,  and  Ared  amon?  them,  loaded 
with  powder  only  $  after  that  I  kept 
firing  away  among  them  with  what 
arms  I  had,  loaded  with  bird  and 
iwan  fliot ;  they  difperfed  in  the  front 
then  i  I  immediately  ran  backwards  ; 
they  were  heaving  flones  into  the  back 
chamber  windows;  I  ftred  from  the 
chamber  windows  $  after  I„  had  ^ed 
fome  few  rounds  backwards,  they  de- 
lifted  from  heaving  ftones  into  the 
back  part  of  the  houfe,  but  1  did  not 
find  they  had  left  the  place.  I  was 
again  attacked  both  in  the  front  and 
back  part  of  the  houfe  j  I  fired  among 
tbein  lometimes  from  the  frost  of  my 
4 


houfe,  and  (bmetimes  from  the  rear } 
I  imagined  they  would  have  broke  into 
the  houfe  prefently,  if  I  had  notkcpt 
a  warm  fire  upon  them ;  I  beard  them 
call  out  feveral  times,  1  am  (hot,  1  am 
wounded  j  flill  they  (aid  they  would 
have  me  and  do  for  me.  I  had  Tanout 
attacks  in  the  night :  I  faw  no  fire* 
arms  they  had  till  eleven  or  twelve  in 
the  night;  they  were  driving  at  the 
door  about  ten^  but  I  cannot  tell  with 
what  s  I  looked  through  the  door,  and 
faw  their  hands  moving,  driving  (bme- 
thing  hard  againft  it.  About  twelve 
they  fired  into  the  houfe,  both  in  the 
front  and  the  rear ;  the  balls  flruck  tb^ 
cieling  in  the  room  where  I  was,  fome- 
times  clofe  over  my  head ;  as  tkey  were 
in  the  Kreet,  and  1  in  the  one  pair  of 
ftairs,  the  balls  went  into  the  cieling 
and  dropped  down  on  the  floor;  I 
could  not  walk  about  the  room  witlr 
any  fafety,  I  was  forced  to  place  my- 
felf by  the  wall  between  the  windowti 
and  (ometimes  I  would  crawl  under 
the  window  to  the  next,  and  fome- 
times  I  ft^od  beliind  the  brackets,  and 
then  1  would  ftand  up  and  drive  among 
them  like  dung ;  I  have  (een  their 
balls  ftrike  the  cieling  as  I  have  ftood 
under  the  cover  of  the  wall,  and  as  i 
'  have  been  going  to  fire  they  have  come 
over  my  head,  and  fome  lodged  in  the 
cieling. 

This  firing^  continued  all  the  night 
and  all  the  morning,  at  diflerent  pe« 
riods# 

When  I  attacked  them  backwards, 
I  ufed  to  crawl  out  of  the  window  oo 
my  belly,  and  lie  upon  the  wafh-houle 
leads  with  my  arms;  I  have  heard 
them  fay,  you  tbat  have  arms  are  to 
^e  upon  him,  and  you  that  have 
ftones  are  to  heave,  and  fb  many  to 
break  the  door,  and  fo  many  ta  cihinb 
the  wall :  if  they  got  Up  there,  they 
could  get  rn  at  the  window  from  the 
leads:  I  had  Gilbertliorp  below  to 
guard  the  door,  for  part  of  the  front 
door  was  broke.  I  got  off,  I  believe, 
about  nine  in  the  morning,  when  I 
had  no  more  ammunition  left,  only 
the  charge  that  I  had  in  my  blunder- 
bvfs,  except  what  was  in  tlie  mufket 
that  would  not  ^o  off;  fo  I  faid  to  the 
men  that  were  in  the  houfe,  you  fte 
they  are  firing  from  every  quarter, 
there  is  no  help  for  me,  vhey  will 
come  in,  and  I  can  make  no  return 
upon  them  to  check  their  iiiblence ; 

«he 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


i76*« 


B]^AVE    DEFENCE. 


the  bed  way  to  make  them  defift*  is 
for  me  to  get  out  of  the  faoufe,  you 
will  all  be  very  fafe  whether  I  make 
my  efcape  or  not ;    Mr.  Gilberthorp 
faid»  do  what  yoa  think  beft^   I  faid, 
they  only  want  me,  if  they  get  me  it 
is  all  over,  or  if  thev  know  I  am  gone, 
they  will  deflft.    I  took  my  blunder- 
buff  over  my  arm,   and   my  drawn 
danger  in  my  hand,  and  went  out  of 
the  back  window  upon  the  leads j  I 
faw  feveral  of  them  in  the  alliey,  rle«> 
veiled  my  bluoderbufs  at  them,  and 
faidy   you  rafbals,   begone,    or  I  will 
blow  your  brains  out,  efpecially  you, 
/that  was  to   one  under  me)   but  I 
Korntotake  your  life;  hi  faid,  God 
blefs  you,  Mr.  Green,  you  are  a  brave  ^ 
man ;    he  clapped  his  hand  on  his 
head  and  ran  away,  I  went  over  into 
Mr.  Mereton's  fhip^yard  j  one  of  the 
ihipw(ight*8  met  me,  juft  as  I  jumped, 
he  faid,  Mr.  Green,   follow  me;   he 
took  me  to  a  faw-pit,  and  (hewed  me 
a  hole  at  the  end,  where  the  fawyers 
ufed  to  put  their  things ;  he  faid,  go 
into  that  hole,  you  will  be  fafe  enough  ; 
faid  I,  don't  drop  a  word  that  I  am 
gone  over  the  wall ;  I  got  in,    he  left 
me  s  there  I  lay  till  the  guards  came  : 
I  heard  the  mob  fearch  for  me ;  fome 
faid  he  is  gOne  one  way,  fbme  another; 
they  were  got  into  the  yard,  I  heard 
one  of  the  fhipwrights  fay  he  is  gone 
ever  the  wall  and  gone  away  by  water. 
When  the  guards  came,  one  of  the 
fhipwrights  came  to  me,  and  deHred 
to  know  what  he  fhould  do  *.  I  faid,  go 
and  tell  the  officer  to  draw  his  men 
lip  and  come  into  the  rard,  »nd  J  wHl 
iitrrender  myfelf  to  him  :   the  foldiers 
€ame,  and  I  came  out  of  the  faw-pit; 
I  had  notbine  but  my  handkerchief 
about  my  head  ;  I  had  been  wounded 
between  ten  and  eleven  at  night;  I  fur- 
rendered  myfeif  to  the  officer  :  Jufftice 
Hodgfbn   faid,   Mr.  Green,    you   are 
one  of  the  braveft  fellows  that  ever  was ; 
who  do  you  intend  to  go  before,  me, 
or  Sir  John  Fielding  ?  I  faid,  I  do  not 
care   who  it  is;    then,   faid  he,    )0U 
wiH  go  before  me  ;    Accordingly  wc 
weqt;    and  when  we  came  there  he 
committ^  me  to  Newgale.''.*— —-In 
the  cotrrfe  of   this  evidence    it  does 
•  not  appear  that  the  deponent  f«rore  t3 
the  Identity  of  any  of  the  prifoners,  as 
engaged  in  the  a6t  of  firing  againft,  or 
ottrerwife  alTading  his  hoafe,  though 
tit  did  to  fome  few  of  them  threaten - 


421 

ing  him  at  Billingfgate  $  but  this  iden- 
tity was  fwom  to  by  the  nextevidence, 
George  Crabtree,  in  the  pcrfons  of 
Cornwall,  David  Clark  or  Clarey, 
JLynch,  Flaharty,  and  Grainger.  The 
tiril  he  faw  fire  feveral  times  towarda 
Greenes  windows ;  Clark  he  alfo  faw 
ftre  after  9>'^n  had  (hot  his  brothers 
Grainger  he  faw  heaving  a  ftone  or 
brickbat  at  Green*8  windows ;  and 
Lynch  with  a  muflcet  in  his  hand,  but 
did  not  ftc  him  fire.  Robert  Ander- 
fon  fwore  to  Clark's  and  CornwaU't 
firing  feveral  times;  as  did  alfoAn« 
drew  Evenerus  to  Clark's  firing.  Tho- 
mas Cummings  fwore  to  the  fame  as 
committed  by  Flaharty,  Clark,  Lynch» 
Cornwall,  and  Murray  ;  and  he  parti- 
cularly^ accufed  Flaharty  of  getting 
into  his  own  houfe  and  firing  out  at 
his  e^rret  windows.  Philip  Oram  and 
William  Burgefs  corroborated  the 
fame  as  to  Cornwall,  and  the  latter 
faw  M<Cabe  and  John  Grainger  firing, 
knowing  their  perfons  but  not  their 
names.  M^Cabe  a(ked  him  for  his 
(leeve- buttons  to  load  a  piece  with  to 
fire  at  Green,  and  moreover  examined 
his  coat,  and  wanted  to  feel  in  his  poc- 
ket for  fomething  to  load  :  M*Cabe 
alfo  enquired  in  the  houfe,  where  he 
the  deponent  lodged,  for  the  pewter 
f(>oons,  and  pots,  to  cut  them  in 
pieces  for  (hot,  faying  he  would  pay 
for  them.  There  were  feveral  other 
evidences  to  prove  the  identity  of  the 
prifoner  as  concerned  in  this  riot. 
Some  of  the  prifohers  declared  their  in- 
nocence of  the  charge;  others  faid 
they  were  Ihere  with  the  deiign  of 
keeping  the  peace,  and  preventing  the 
efcape  of  Greeiif  who  had  been  guilty 
of  murder  by  firing  oat  of  his  win- 
dows. Several  appeared  to  their  cha- 
racter, but  all  fcven  were  brought  in 
guilty,  death,  and  were  executed  the 
26th  of  July,  purfuant  tc>their  fentence. 

IN  juftide  to  our  fellow-fubjedls  of 
New-Englahd,  who  if  they  aft 
Wrong  yet  do  it  upon  right  principles, 
we  (ha:ll  inlert  what  follows  t 

From  the  Boston  Gazette,  June  ao. 

FRIDAY  the  10th  inftant  towards 
the  evening  the  officers  of  the  cuftoms 
of  this  port  made  a  feizure  of  a  (loop 
belonging  to  and  lying  at  the  wharf 
of  John  Hancock,  Efq;  which  velTtl 
was  improved  as  a  ftore  to  put  fome 

barrel! 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


422 


barrels  of  oil  on  board,  there  being  not 
room  in  the  owner's  ftores  on  the 
vharf :  After  the  officers  took  poflef- 
fion  of  the  (loop,  one  of  them  made 
a  iignal  to  his  majefty^s  fi)ip  Romney^ 
then  lying  off  in  the  harbour,  where- 
upon the  boats  belonging  to  faid  Hiip 
were  immediately  'manned  and  armed, 
and  made  towards  the  wharf.  Several 
gentlemen  prefent  advifed  iUe  officers 
not  to  move  her,  as  their  would  be  no 
attempt  allowed  by  the  owner  to  refcue 
her  out  of  their  bands  ;  but  notwith- 
Handing  this  declaration,  her  fail  was 
cut  away,  and  flie  carried  under  the 
guns  of  the  Romncy.  This  condud 
provoked  the  people  who  had  colled- 
cd  on  th«  ffiore,  and  in  the  difpute, 
the  collector,  the  comptroller  of  his 
majedy^s  cuftoms,  and  the  colle6lbr's 
fon,  were  roughly  ufed,  and  pel  ted  with 
ftones,  but  none  of  them  much  hurt : 
The  noife  brought  together  a  mixed 
multitude,  who  followed  up  to  the 
comptroller's  houfe,  and  broke  a  few 
fquares  of  glafs,  but  withdrew  by  the 
advice  of  fome  prudent  gentlemen 
that  interpofed ;  they  were  )oined  by 
a  number  of  failors,  and  vagrant  per- 
fons  who  were  fufpicious  of  an  inten- 
tion to  put  them  on  board  the  (hip : 
Thefc  went  in  fearch  for  one  of  the 
man  of  war's  boats,  in  their  way  met 
with  the  infpcdlor  of  exports  and  im- 
ports, him  they  attacked,  broke  his 
fword,  and  tore  his  cloathsj  but  by 
fome  affiftance  he  with  difficulty 
cfcaped  to  a  houfe  in  King-ftreet.  No 
boat  being  afhore,  about  ten  o'clock 
they  went  to  one  of  the  decks,  and 
dragged  out  a  large  pleafure  boat  be- 
longing; to  the  colle£Vor,  this  they 
drew  along  the  ftreet  with  loud  huzza- 
ing all  the  way  into  the  common, 
where  they  fet  fire  to  it,  and  burnt  it 
to  afhcs  ;  they  alfo  broke  fcveral  win- 
dows of  the  houfes  of  the  coUe6lor  and 
infpedlor  general,  which  were  nigh 
the  common  :  No  other  outrage  was 
committed  that  night. 

There  were  fome  occurrences  rc- 
fpc6ling  the  officers  of  the  Romney, 
preceding  this  affair,  which  raifed  the 
refentment  of  the  populace  :  On  the 
Sunday  evening  before,  a  prefs-gang 
went  on  board  a  vcfTel  juft  arrived  from 
Glafgow,  and  which  came  to  anchor 
off  the  Long  Wharf,  the  imprefled 
men  rock  an  opportunity  while  the 
Man  of  War's  Men  were  furling  the 


Late  Procee  DINGS    .  Aug^ 

fails  -for  them,  and  got  into  the  (hip's 


boat  and  rowed  a(hore ;  it  being  after 
fun-fet,  feveral  people  had  alFem^ed  on 
the  wharf  in  the  cool  of  the  day, 
who  made  way  for  the  men  to  rim 
up 4  tl^e  prefs  ^ng  as  foon  as  tbey 
could  get  to  their  boat  purXiied  them» 
crying,  ftop  deferters!  but  no  heed 
being  given  thereto,  an  officer  on  the 
wharf  refented  it,  which  raifed  a  cla- 
mour, and  prevented  the  gang  from 
landing :  A  few  days  after  a  ^oung 
man,  tliat  had  ferved  an  apprentice(hip 
in  this  town  was  impreifed  oat  of  an 
inward  bound  (hip ;  Application  was 
made  to  the^  captain  (who  it  is  (aid 
promifed  not  to  detain  any  inhabitant 
of  thefe  provinces)  and  he  engaged  to 
deliver  bim  up,  if  an  able  bodied  man 
was  brought  in  his  room ;  fuch  an 
one  was  procured  for  three  or  four 
guineas,  but  upon  his  being  carried 
on  board  the  Romney,  was  refuledj 
as  the  officers  of  the  (hip^  had  been  in- 
fulted  in  the  above  affair  j  many  things 
were  faid  to  the  perfon  who  went  to 
get  the  young  man  releafed,  refledling 
on  the  town,  and  not  without  fome 
threats:  The  day  following  a  man 
was  taken  out  of  an  Eaftern  vtffcX  by 
an  armed  fchooner  that  was  bound  td 
Halifax  :  Thefe  tranfadions,  with  a 
profped  of  the  trade  and  bufinefs  of 
this  and  the  other  towns  being  in  a 
manner  ruined,  raifed  fuch  a  fpirit  of 
refentment  in  the  people,  that  the 
board  of  commiffioners  (thofe  of  them 
who  arrived  lad  November  from  Eng- 
land) and  their  other  officers  together 
with  the  colle6lor  and  comptroller  for 
this  port,  as  alfo  the  officers  of  the 
Romney,  thought  it  mod  prudent  to 
repair  on  board  the  (hip. 

On  Monday  the  people  in  town 
were  in  great  agitation  $  but  left  any 
tumult  might  arife  at  night,  the  con- 
fequcnces  whereof  would  be  very  pre- 
judicial, a  notification  was  polled  up 
in  divers  parts  of  the  town,  requeS- 
ing  the  fons  of  libertv  to  meet  at  Li- 
berty-Hall on  Tuefday  the.  x^th,  at 
ten  o'clock  in  the  forenoon  $  the  ex- 
pectation of  this  meeting  kept  the 
town  in  peace :  Early  on  Tuefday 
morning  the  colours  were  flying  on  li- 
berty-tree ;  and  at  the  hour  appointed 
vad  numbers  of  the  inhabitants  ap- 
peared at  and  near  the  hall ;  but  the 
weather  being vwet  and  uncomfortable 
in  Ihc  ftreet,  they  adjourned  to  Fa- 
ne uil  Hall  i 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


At  Boston. 


^euil-HaU;  ^hertf  it  was  propofed  to 
liaye  a  legal  meeting  called  $  accord- 
ingly a  warrant  was  iflued  by  the  fe- 
Uet  men  to  the  conftables,  to  warn  a 
meeting  of  the  freeholders  and  other 
inhabitants  ofthetown,  at  threeo'clock; 
and  feveral  gentlemen  were  nominated 
to  prepare  a  draft  of  fome  matters 
proper  to  lay  before  them :  At  three 
oclock  the  inhabitants  met,  bat  fo 
great  was  the  concourfe  that  the^  were 
obliged  to  adjourn  from  Faneuil-  liali 
to  the  Old  South  meeting-houfe. 

It  has  been  reported  that  the  (loop 
was  feized  becaufe  no  permit  for  load- 
ing  was  taken  out  at  the  cuftom-houfe 
before  the  oil  was  put  on  board  ;  others 
report  that  it  was  for  breach  of  the 
a^  of  trade  in  her  laft  voyage,  which 
v^as  from  Madeira  $  but  which  of  the 
reports  is  right  we  arc  not  able  to  in- 
form the  public. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  freeholders,  and 
other  inhabitants  of  the  town  of 
Bofton,  in  purfuance  of  the  notifi- 
cation, pre  fen t  a  larger  number 
than  was  ever  known  on  any  occa- 
fion.— After  very  cool  and  delibe- 
rate debates  upon  the  diftrefled 
circumilances  of  the  town,  and  the 
prefent  critical  fituation  of  their  af- 
fairs, it  was  unanimoudy  voted. 
That  a  committee  wait  on  his  ex- 
cellency the  governor  of  the  pro- 
vince, with  Sie  following  petition, 
viz. 
Provinci  of  the  Ma$sachv  SETTS  Bay. 
To  his  excellency  Francis  Bernard, 
£fq;  governor  and  commander  in 
chief  in  ^d  over  faid  province,  and 
vice  admiral  of  the  fame: 
The  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Boilon, 
in  town  meeting  legally  aiTembled, 

Humbly  Oiew, 
•*  THAT  your  petitioners  confider 
the  Britifli  conftitution  as  the  bafis  of 
their  fafety  and  happinefs.  By  that, 
is  eftabliHied;  no  man  ftiall  be  go- 
verned by  laws,  nor  taxed  but  by  him- 
felf,  or  reprefentative  legally  and  fair- 
ly chofen,  and  to  which  he  does  not 
give  his  own  confent. 

In  open  violation  of  thefe  fundamen- 
tal rights  of  Britons,  laws  and  taxes 
are  impofed  on  us,  to  which  we  not 
only  have  not  given  our  confent,  but 
agamft  which  we  have  moft  firmly  re- 
monftrated. 

Dutiful  petitions  have  been  preferred 
to  our  molt  gracious  ibvereign,  which 


(though  to  the  great  conflernation  of 
the  people,  we  now  learn,  have  been 
cruelly  and  infidioufly  prevented  reach- 
ing the  royal  prefence)  we  have  waited 
to  receive  a  gracious  anfwer  to  with 
the  greatefl  attention  to  the  public 
peace  till  we  find  ourfelves  invaded 
with  an  armed  force,  feizing,  im- 
preiHng  and  imprifoning  the  perfont 
of  our  fellow  fubjedls,  contrary  to  ex- 
prefs  a6ts  of  parliament. 

Menaces  have  bee'n  thrown  out,  fk 
only  for  Barbarians,  which  already  af- 
fe^  us  in  the  molt  fenfible  manner, 
and  threaten  us  with  famine  and  defo* 
lation^  as  all  navigation  is  obftni6ted« 
upon  which  alone  our  whole  fupport 
depends,  and  the  town  is  at  this  crifis 
in  a  fituation,  nearly  fuch,  as  if  war 
was  formally  declared  againfl  it. 

To  contend  with  our  parent  itate, 
is  in  our  idea  the  moft  fhocking  and 
dread!  ul  calamity  ;  but  tamely  to  re- 
linquifh  the  only  fecurity  we  and  our 
poftcrity  retain  of  the  enjoyment  of 
our  lives  and  properties,  without  one 
itruggle,  is  fo  humiliating  and  bafe, 
that  we  cannot  fupport  the  refleflion. 
We  apprehend.  Sir,  that  it  is  at  your 
option,  in  your  power,  and  we  would 
hope  in  your  inclination,  to  prevent 
this  diflrefl*ed  and  juftly  incenfed  peo« 
pie  from  effefting  too  much,  and  u-om 
the  fhame  and  reproach  of  attempting 
too  little. 

As  the  board  of  cuftoms  have  thought 
fit,  of  their  own  motion,  to  relinquifh 
the  exercile  of  their  comraiflion  here> 
and  as  we  cannot  but  hope,  that,  be- 
ing convinced  of  the  impropriety  and 
injuflice  of  the  appointment  of  a  board, 
with  fuch  enormous  powers,  and  the 
inevitable  deftrudtion  which  would  en- 
fue  from  the  excrcife  ot  their  office, 
will  never  re-alTume  it:  We  flatter 
ourfelves,  your  excellency  will,  in  ten- 
dernefs  to  this,  people,  ufe  the  beft 
means  in  your  power  to  remove  the 
other  grievance  we  fo  juftly  complain 
of,  and  iffue  your  immediate  order,  to 
the  commander  of  his  majelty^s  fhi^, 
Romney,  to  remove  from  this  harbour, 
till  we  fhall  be  afcertained  of  the  fuc- 
cefs  of  our  applications. 

And  your  petitioners,  as   in  duty 
bound,  &c,"' 
At  the  fame  time  the   town  directed 

their  committee  to  prepare  a  letter 

to  Dennis  De  Berdt,  Efqj  in  London, 

fettihg  forth  the  coAdua  of  the  com- 
jnifHoners 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


424  iNSTRVCTIdNS    TO  Aug. 

miflionert  and  officers  of  the  cuftomt,    quifli  the  exercife  of  their  commiffion^ 
and  the  officers  of  his  majefty's  (hip    1  muft  not  fail  to  give  them  all  the 


Komneyy  relatini;  to  a  feizure  made 
the  preceding  Friday^  as  well  as  the 
behaviour  of  (bme  of  the  inhabi- 
tants the  evening  foUowing^  in  an 
impartial   manner,    fup^rted    by 


proteaion,  aid,  and  affiftance  in  my 
power.  If  in  ib  doing  I  fliall  give 
Offence,  I  fhail  be  forry  for  it.  Bot 
I  (hall  never  regret  the  doing  my  doty. 
I  have  no  command  over  his  mzyti^ 


affidaviu,  to  prevent  the  ill  impref-    ty*s  (hip%,  and  therefore  cannot  iffue 
iions  that  may  be  made  by  a  mifre-    (n  "       " 


prefentadon  $  and  then  adjourned  to 
the  next  day. 
At  the  adjournment  on  Wednefday 
the  15th,  the  committee  appointed 
to  prefent  the  town^s  petition  to  the 
governor,  reported  from  his  exceU 
kncy  the  following  anfwer,  viz. 

Gentlemen, 
*<  My  office  and  ftation  make  me  a 
very  incompetent  judge  of  the  rights 
you  claim  againft  ads  of  parliament ; 
and  therefore  it  would  be  to  no  pur- 
pofe  for  me  to  exprefs  my  opinion 
thereupon.  All  I  can  fay  is,  that  I 
(hall  not  knowingly  infringe  any  of 
your  rights,  and  privilcgci,  but  (hall 
religioufly  maintain  all  thofe  which  are 
committed  to  me  as  a  fervant  of  the 
king. 

In  regard  to  the  impreffin^  men  for 
the  fervice  of  the  king  in  his  (hips  of 
vrar,  it  is  pra6iifed  in  Great  Britain, 
and  all  other  his  majefty^s  dominions^ 
and  therefore  I  cannot  di(bute  it  in  this 
part  of  them.  But  I  (hall  ufe  my  ut- 
moft  endeavours  to  ^et  it  regulated  fo 
as  to  avoid  all  the  inconveniencies  to 
this  town  which  you  are  apprehen(ive 
of  J  and  from  the  knowledge  I  have 
of  Captain  Corner,  I  have  no  doubt  of 
my  fucceeding  therein. 

I  cannot  pretend  to  enter  into  any 
difpute  between  you  and  your  parent 
ftate :  I  defire  to  be  a  faithful  lervant 
in  regard  to  both  j  and  I  (hall  think 
myfelf  moft  highly  honoured,  if  I  can 
be  in  the  lowefl  degree  an  inftrument 
in  preferving  a  perfe6t  conciliation  be- 
tween them.  I  can  a(rure  you,  that  if 
it  was  as  much  in  my  power  as  it  is  in 
my  will,  it  would  always  be  pre- 
fer ved. 

I  am  obliged  by  all  kinds  of  duty, 
by  my  general  inftru6tions,  and  by  his 
maje[ly*s  fpecial  orders,  to  protect,  aid 
and  a(nft  the  commi(rioners  of  the 
cudoms  (appointed  under  the  great 
feal  of  Great  Britain  in  purfunnce  of 
an  a£l  of  parliament)  and  tlieir  offi- 
cers in  their  perfons  and  offices.  And 
whether  they  diall  or  (ba|J|  not  relin- 


uch  orders  as  vou  de(ire,  nor  indeed 
anjr  order  to  the  commander  of  his 
majefty's  (hip  the  Romney.  And 
it  would  be  highly  improper  for  me  to 
make  a  requi(itton  to  him  to  remove 
from  this  harbour,  when  I  know  he 
is  ftationed  here  by  a  fuperior  oilicer, 
and  cannot  remove  from  hence  but  by 
his  order. 

Fra.  Bernard."* 
The  committee  at  the  fame  time  re- 
ported the  draft  of  a  letter  to  Mr. 
De  Berdt,  which  was  read  and  una- 
nimoudy  accepted,  and  the  commit- 
tee  were  direfled  to  forward  the 
fame,  together  with  fuch  affidavits 
as  they  (hould  obtain  by  the  firft 
vcflel. 
At  this  adjournment  the  town  Ap- 
pointed another  committee,  to  pre- 
pare in(tro6tions  for  their  leprefen- 
tatives,  at  this  alarming  cn(is  ;  and 
further  adjourned  to  Friday  the 
1 7th,  at  three  o*clock. 
On  Friday  the  town  met  by  adjourn- 
ment, and  received  the  report  of 
their  committee,  and  unanimonily 
voted  the  following  inftru^ons  to 
their  reprefentatives,  viz. 

To  the  Hon.  James  Otis  and  Thomas 
Cufhing,  Efqrs,  Mr.  Samuel  Adams, 
and  John  Hancock,  Efj. 
Gentlemen, 
AFTER  the  repeal  of  the  late 
•^  American  (tamp  a6t,  we  were  hap- 
py in  the  pleaiing  profpe61  of  a  resto- 
ration of  that  tranquility  and  unani- 
mity among  ourfelves,  aud  that  har- 
mony and  aifedtion  between  our  pa- 
rent country  and  us,  which  had  gene- 
rally fubfifted  before  that  deteltable 
adt;  but,  with  the  utmoft  grief  and 
concern,  we  find  that  we  flattered 
ourfelves  too  Toon,  and  that  the  root 
bf  bitternefs  is  yet  alive.  The  prin- 
ciple on  which  that  a6t  was  founded 
continues  in  full  force,  and  a  revenue 
is  (till  demanded  from  America. 

We  have  the  mortification  to  ob> 
ferve  one  aft  of  parliament  after  ano- 
ther pafTed  for  the  cxpreis  purpofe  of 

r^ifing 


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REPRESENTATIVES 


1768. 

raiting  a  revenue  from  us;  to  fee  our 
money  continually  coUe^ing  from  us 
wifhout  our  confent»  by  an  auchority 
in  the  conftitucion  of  \%hich  we  have 
no  fhare,  and  over  which  we  have  no 
kind  of  influence  or  controul  5  to  fee 
the  little  circulating  ca(h  that  remain- 
ed among  us  for  the  fupport  of  our 
trade»  from  time  to  time  tranfmitted 
to  a  diftant  country,  never  to  return, 
or  what  in  our  etiimation  is  worfe,  if 
pofYihle,  appropriated  to  the  mainte- 
nance of  fwarms  of  ofHcers  and  pen- 
iioners  in  idlenefs  and  luxury,  whofe 
example  has  a  tendency  ,to  cor- 
rupt our  morals,  and  whofe  arbitrary 
difpofitions  will  trample  on  our  rights. 

Under  all  thefe  misfortunes  and  af- 
fliftions,  however,  it  is  our  fixed  re. 
folution  to  maintain  our  loyalty  and 
duty  to  our  moil  gracious  fovereign,  a 
reverence  and  due  fubordinatioa  to 
the  Britiih  Parliament  as  the  fupreme 
legiflative  in  all  cafes  of  neceflity,  for 
the  prefer vation  of  the  whole  empire, 
and  our  cordial  and  (incere  affection 
for  our  parent  country,  and  to  ufe 
our  utmoft  endeavours  for  the  prefer- 
vation  of  peace  and  order  among  our* 
felves  i  waiting  with  anxious  expeda- 
tion  for  a  favourable  anfwer  to  the 
petitions  and  folicitations  of  ti)ii>  conti- 
nent, for  relief.  At  the  fame  time  it 
is  our  unalterable  refolution,  at  all 
times,  to  aflert  and  vindicate  our  dear 
and  invaluable  rights  and  liberties,  at 
the  utmoft  hazard  of  our  lives  and  for* 
tunes  i  and  we  have  a  full  and  rational 
confidence  that  no  defigns  formed  a- 
gainlt  them  will  ever  profper. 

That  fuch  deiignshave  been  formed, 
and  are  ftill  in  being,  we  have  reafon 
to  apprehend.  A  multitude  of  place- 
men and  penfieners,  and  an  enormous 
traio  of  underlings  and  all  dependfnttt 
all  novel  in  this  country,  we  have  feen 
already  :  their  imperious  tempers,  their 
ra(h,  inconfiderate  and  weak  behavi- 
our, are  ^rell  known. 

In  this  fituation  of  affairs,  feveral 
armed  veiTels,  and  among  the  reft  his 
majefty's  (hip  of  war  the  Romney, 
have  appeared  in  our  liarbour }  and  the 
laft,  as  we  believe,  by  theexprefs  appli- 
cation of  the  board  of  comtniflioners, 
with  defign  to  over-awe  and  terrify 
the  inhabitants  of  this  town  into  bale 
compliances  and  unlimited  fubmifik>n, 
has  been  anchored  within  a  calHeV 
length  of  the  wharfs. 
.   Auguft,  1768, 


4^5 

But  pafling  over  other  irregularities, 
we  are  affured,  that  the  laft  alarmiujg 
a^  of  that  fhip,  viz.  the  violent,  anc^ 
in  our  opinion,  illegal  feiziire  of  a 
vclTcl  lying  at  a  wliarf,  the  cutting  of 
her  faftr,  and  removing  her  with  an 
armed  force  in  an  hoftile  manner,  under  ^ 
the  protection  of  the  king's  fhip, 
without  any  probsible  caufe  of  feizure 
that  we  know  of,  or  indeed  any  caufe 
that  has  ^et  been  made  known  j  no 
libel  or  profecution  whatever  having 
yet  been  inflituted  againft  her,  was 
by  the  exprefs  order,  or  recjueft  in 
writing,  of  the  board  of  commiflioners 
to  the  commander  of  that  (hip. 

In  addition  to  all  this,  we  are  conti- 
nually alarmed  wilh  rumours  and  re- 
ports of  new  revei^ue  ails  to  be  p.ifTed, 
new  importations  of  officers  and  ncn- 
iioners  to  fuck  the  life-blood  of  the 
body  politic,  while  it  is  ftrcaming 
from  the  veins :  Frcfh  arrival  of  (hips 
of  war  to  be  a  Itill  fevercr  rertraint 
upon  our  trade;  and  the  arrival  of  a 
military  force  to  dragoon  us  into  j>af- 
dve  obedience  ;  orders  and  requifittons 
tranfmitted  to  New- York,  H:\lifax, 
and  to  England  for  regiments  to  prc- 
ferve  the  public  peace. 

Under  the  diftrelTcs  arifing  from  this 
ftate  of  things,  with  the  higheft  con- 
fidence in  your  integrity,  abilities, 
and  fortitucfe,  you  will  exert  your- 
felves,  gentlemen,  on  this  occafion, 
that  nothing  be  left  undone  that  may 
conduce  to  our  relief;  and  in  parti- 
cular we  recommend  it  to  your  confi- 
deration  and  difcretion,  in  the  firft 
place,  to  endeavour  that  imprelles  of 
all  kinds  may,  if  pofTible,  be  prevent- 
ed. There  is  an  adl  of  parliament  in 
being,  which  has  never  been  repealed, 
for  the  encouragement  of  the  trade  to 
Amenca  :  We  mean  by  the  6th  Ann. 
chap.  37.  fe6l.  9.  it  is  cnafted,  «.*  That 
no  mariner,  or  other  perfon  who  (hail 
ferve  on  board,  or  be  retained  to 
fcrve  on  board  any  privateer,  or  tra- 
ding (hip  or  veflel  that  (hall  be  employ- 
ed in  any  part  of  America,  nor  any 
m.iriner,  or  other  perfon,  being  on 
Ihore  in  any  part  thereof,  (hall  be  lia- 
ble to.  be  impreded,  or  taken  away  bf 
any  ofHoer  or  .officers  of,  or  belonging 
to  any  of  her  majefty's  (hips  of  war» 
impowered  by  the  lord  high  admiral, 
or  any  other  perfon  whatfoever,  un- 
lefs  fuch  mariner  ^h1^l  have,  before  de- 
ferted  from  fuch  (h\p  ^  war  belonging 

H  h  h  10 


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426 


TRIAL    OF 


to  her  majefty,  at  any  time  after  the 
14th  day,  of  February,  1707,  upon 
pain  that  any  officer  or  officers  fo  im- 
prcfiing,  or  taking  away,  or  caufing 
to  be  imprcfled  or  taken  away,  any 
mariner  or  other  perfon,  contrary  to 
the  tenor  and  true  meaning  of  this 
aft,  (hall  forfeit  to  the  roaftcr,  or 
owner  or  owners  of  any  fuch  ihip  or 
veflcl,  to  I.  for  every  man  he  or  they 
fliall  fo  imprefs  or  take,  to  be  recover- 
ed, with  full  cods  of  fuit,  in  any  court 
within  any  part  of  her  majeily's  do- 
minions j"  So  that  any  imprclTcs  of 
^ny  mariner,  from  any  vefl'cl  whatever, 
appears  to  be  in  dircft  violation  of  an 
a6l  of  parliament. — In  the  next  place, 
it  is  our  dcfu-e  that  you  enquire  and 
uCe  your  endeavours  to  promote  a  par- 
liamentary enquiry  for  the  authors  and 
propagators  of  fuch  alarming  rumour* 
and  reports  as  we  have  mentioned  be 
fore ;  and  whether  the  commifiioncrs, 
or  any  other  peiions  whatever,  have 
really  wrote,  or  lollicited,  for  troops 
to  be  fent  here  from  New-York,  Ilal- 
lifax,  EngLmd,  or  clfewhere,  and  for 
w'nat  end  j  and  that  you  forward,  if 
you  think  it  expedient,  in  the  houfe  of 
Reprefcntatives,  rdoluiions,  that  eve- 
ry fuch  perlbn  who  Ihall  folicit  or  pro- 
mote the  importation  of  troops  at  this 
time,  is  an  enemy  to  this  town  and 
province,  and  a  dilluiber  of  the  peace 
and  good  order  of  both.  • 

"That  tic  meeting  ^j^as  diffolved,     (See 
p.  3S3O 

Summary  of  the  Trial  of  Donald  Mac- 
Jane,  on  Tuefday  Aug.  9,  at  Guild- 
.  ford  AJfizxs^  for  the  Murder  of  Wil- 
liam Allen,  jun.  en  the  loth  of  May 
lafl  in  St.  George's  Fields.  {See  p, 
^77.) 

MR.  Serjeant  Leigh,  counfcl  for 
the  piofctution,  having  opened 
the  trial  with  a  fpeech  fuitable  to  the 
porpofe,  proceeded  to  an  examination 
of  witnefi'es,  and  |>roduced  two,  one 
Skidmore  a  difcharged  •  marinci  and 
one  Twaitts  a  country  lad,  who  had 
been  about  a  fortnight  in  Mr.  Allen's 
fcrvicc  as  an  oftler.  Thefe  evidences 
fwore  pofitively  to  the  identity  of  the 
prifoner,  and  were  the  only  people  on 
the  part  of  the  profccution,  who  de- 
clared any  knowledge  of  his  perfon. 
The  latter,  however,  differed  in  his 
own  accounts  of  the  tranfa^lion,  and 
the  ttftimony  wjifth  he  gave  befor<; 
5         -  m' 


Aug. 

the  coroner  was  contradicted  by  the 
depofition  which  he  gave  into  court. 

The  next  witntlfes,  Okies  and 
Brawn,  fwear  that  they  wtre  in  the 
cowhoufe  with  Mr.  Allen  at  the  time 
he  was  (hot ;  and  the  latter  particular- 
ly fays,  that  he  was  going  to  ftrike 
down  the  foldier's  mufquet,  which 
was  levelled  at  the  deceafed,  bnt  that 
another  foldier  feeming  ready  to  pre- 
fent  at  himfelf,  the  care  which  be  had 
for  his  own  life,  together  with  his  ter- 
ror at  the  fituation  of  Mr.  Allen,  obli- 
ged ))im  to  retire.  Okinf  (ayt,  that 
when  lie  heard  the  foldier  threaten 
Mr.  Allen,  he  (Okins)  fell  down  with 
an  excefs  of  apprehenfion  $  neither, 
however,  though  To  near  to  the  fol- 
<lier,  could  fvyear  to  his  identity  $  and 
what  is  the  more  remarkable,  each 
was  un'cen  by  the  other.  Okins  ne- 
ver once  recolJe«5^iiig  Brawn^s  being 
prefcnr,  and  £rawn  being  equally  ig- 
norant of  Okins.  Several  other  wit- 
nefl'es  appeared  for  the  profccution, 
but  as  ihcy  prove  nothing  To  material 
as  the  evidences  already  mentioned, 
and  chiefly  tend  to  clear  up  what 
is  univerlally  admitted,  namely,  Mr. 
Allen's  being  wholly  unconcenied  in 
the  riots  of  the  day,  it  is  not  necefTary 
to  take  any  particular  notice  of  them. 

The  evitlence  for  the  profecution 
being  ended,  the  prifoner's  council 
produced  their  wimeffes;  the  firft  of 
;\shom,  Samuel  Glil^m,  E»q;  declared, 
That  on  tiie  loth  of  M-y,  having 
been  previoolly  uppiied  to  by  the  mar- 
flial  of  the  Kin^^'s  Bench  prifon  for  a 
guard,  hecamciuto  St.  George's  Fields, 
where  a  det;<chi)ient  o4  one  hundred 
men,  properly  urticercd,  had  been  or- 
dered. Hdje  the  mob  were  exceeding- 
ly riotous ;  and  Mr.  Gillain  tells  us, 
that^ehiaifelf  was  feveral  times  i^ruck 
with  a  variety  of  milFile  articles.  A 
pap?c  had  been  (luck  up  againft  the 
prilbn,  which  (eemed  the  raving  of 
(bme  patriotic  bedlamite,  and  in  iix 
lines,  as  Itupid  as  they  were  feditious, 
talked  about  liberty  being  confined 
with  Mr.  Wilkes,  and  dcfiring  all 
good  Engli(hmen  to  p«ry  their  daily  ho- 
mage, at  the  place  where  thofe  inva- 
luable ble/liiigs  were  lodged.  This 
paper  had  beea  taken  down  by  the  con- 
Itables,  a  circumfiance  which  gave  the 
generous  affertors  of  freedom  incredible 
i^fjenc^,  gnd  they  roared  out,  "  7be 
paptr^  the  faper^   gi'-je  us  the  paper/* 

Mr. 


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1768. 

Mr.  Gillam  anfwcred,  that  if  ahy  per- 
fon  there  would    claim   the  property 
of  the  paper,  }t  (hould  be  immediately 
jeftored,  and  gave  it  into  Mr.  Ponjon's 
hands,  before  the  rioters,  to  keep  till 
fomebody  (hould  be  bold   enoagh  to 
make  Co  particular  a  demand.     This 
enraged  the  populace  ftill  farther,  and 
a  patriot  in  two  dirty  red  waiftcoats, 
but  without  any  coat,  diftinguifhing 
liimfelf  in  throwing  ftones  at  the  ma- 
giftrates,  the  conftables  received  orders 
to    apprehend    him  5    in    this   fervice 
they  were  afTiIted  by  Mr.  Murray,  the 
enhgn  on  duty,    and  five  or  fix  gre- 
nadiers.   The  fellow  fled,  and  was  pur- 
fued  by  the  grenadiers;  he  tfcaped  in- 
to a  cow-houl'c,  and  ftiut  the  door  af- 
ter -him,    hut-  the   foldiers  continued 
their  purfuit,    and  in  a  little  time  the 
report  of  a  mufquet  was  heard  j  in  a 
few  minutes  after  they  returned,   and 
Peter 'Mac  Clouj;hlan,   with  an  air  of 
great  concern,  and   a   tore  of  much 
diftref#,  informed  Mr.  Murray,    that 
his  piece  had   gone  off   accidentally, 
and  that  a  man  was   killed—"  Dof/ift 
ou,   replied   Mr.   Murray,    HHjo  ga've 
you  orders  to   fireF^'     «  Nobody ^    an- 
fwered    Mac   Cloughlan,    //  luent  off 
entirclj  hy    accidtnt.*^      This    circum- 
ftance    Mr.   Gillam   de^iofcd  he    took 
particular  notice  of,   becaufe  the  man 
teftified  every  natural  iign  of  concern 
and  humanity. 

The  cow  houfe  has  three  doors,   or 
gate?,  one  at  each  fide,    and  another 
at  one  of  the    ends.     The  fellow   in 
the  red  waiftcoat  got  in  at  a  fide  door, 
and   is   fuppofed   to   have  efcnpcd  the 
oppofite  way  ;    jull  at  this  unfortunate 
crifis  young  Mr.  Allen,    who  was  alfo  • 
in  a  red  wailtcoat,  entered  at  the  door 
out  of  which  the  rioter  had   fled,    fa 
that  when  the  foldiers  opened  the  door 
neareft  to  them,    they  found  a  pcrfon 
in   a   red  waiftcoat,    and   this   perfon- 
was    fliot  by   Mac  Cloughan,    as   he 
h i mfe If confe fifed}  but  whether  by  acci- 
dent or  defign  is  not  at  all  neceflary  to 
the  prefent  objcft  of  enquiry  ;  the  en- 
quiry now  is,    whether  Mr.  Allen  was 
/hot  by  Maclane,  or  whether  he  was 
nor. 

Mr.  Gillam  fwears  peremptorily 
that  Maclane  is  not  the  man  who  made 
the  confc/fion  alluded  to,  and  Corpo- 
ral Neale,  with  Serjeant  Earle,  Ser- 
jeant Steuart,  aad  fcvcral  private  men, 
who  were  that  day  in  St.  Gcorgt's- 


DONALD  MACLANE. 


427 

fields,  and  fome  of  whom  were  like  wife 
at  the  cow- houfe,  in  purfuit  of  the 
rioter,  either  declare,  that  tliey  heard 
Mac  Cloughan's  own  acknowledgment 
of  the  fact,  or  fwtar  that  Maclane 
did  not  enter  the  Cowhoufe  at  all. 
One  of  the  private  men  particularly^ 
Tames  Hide,  fays  he  was  in  the  cow- 
houfe  when  Mac  Cloughan's  piece 
went  off,  and  adds,  that  there,  was  at 
that  time,  nobody  in  it  but  thedcceaf- 
cd,  Mac  Cloughan  and  himfclf. 

Many  of  the  military  witncfl*es  fwear 
that  they  can  eafily  tell,  by  looking  at 
a  mufquet,  if  it  has  been  newly  dif- 
charged,  and  they  exprefs  themfelves 
with  certainty,  that  Maclanc's  was  not 
difcharged  at  all  on  the  loth  of  May. 
To  this  they  add,  that  Mac  Cloughan, 
from  an  apprehension  of  conlcquences 
has  deferted. 

The  evidence  for  the  profecution 
however,  took  notice,  that  Maclane's 
mufquet  was  particularly  examined, 
and  that  he  was  even  ordered  from  the 
ranks  upon  a  prefumptlon,  as  they 
imagine,  that  the  officers  thcmfelvefi 
were  fatisfied  he  was  the  pcrfbn  by 
whom  Mr.  Allen .  had  been  killed. 
But  th»»  circuniftance  is  very  well  ac- 
counted for  on  the  other  fide;  where 
feverai  of  the  witnefl'cis  prove,  that  af- 
ter the  accidental  difcharge  which 
Mac  Cloughan  mentions  of  his  piece, 
and  the  unhappy  confequence,  Mr. 
Murray,  the  cnfign,  obferving  Mac- 
lane's  mufquet  on  a  full  co^k,  re- 
proached  hini  with  negligence,  and 
took  the  piece  out  of  his  hand  to  look 
at }  Maclane  mentioned  in  his  excufe, 
that  his  flint  was  too  large,  and  that  if 
he  kept  it  upon  a  half  cock,  he  fliould 
lofe  all  the  priming  from  his  pan. 

Some  pt-rfon  feeing  the  tranfaftion, 
and  hearing  Maclane  reproached,  con- 
cluded he  was  the  perfon  who  had  fliot 
Mr.  Allen  i  and  they  pointed  him  out 
as  a  murderer — the  officer,  therefore, 
thought  it  neceflary,  for  the  man's 
fecurity,  to  re  i.ove  him  fiom  the 
ranks,  but  finding  him  more  liable  to 
danger  then,  than  when  he  was  with 
the  corps,  he  ordered  him  to  his  for- 
mer ftati  on. However,    as   he   was 

pofitively  fworn  to,  the  military  were 
forced  to  give  him  up,  notwithlfand- 
ing  their  confcioufnefs  of  his  inno- 
cence 5  and  Mr.  Gillam,  as  a  magif- 
trate,  was  obliged  to  receive  the 
charge,  notwithltanding  he  was  16 
H  h  h  2  perfciply 


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428 


R  EM  ARKS    ON 


perfectly  acquainted  with  Mac  Clou- 
ghaii't  declaiation. 

Such  was  the  genera]  fcope  of  the 
evidence  on  this  trial ;  after  which  the 
judge  fummed  up  the  evidence,  but  de- 
clined/aying  much  from  himfelf,  a«the 
queftion  did  not  turn  upon  any  di/Hcult 
points;  the  jury  withdrew,  and  in 
about  an  hour  returned  with  a  verdiQ 
of  Not  Guilty,  Mr.  Wilket,  who  was 
all  the  time  at  the  Red  Lion  Inn,  op- 
pofitr  to  the  court,  was  taken  to  town 
the  moment  the  prifoner  was  acquit- 
ted. He  was  only  examined  a  few  mi- 
nutes by  the  Grand  Jury.  He  was 
brought  back  on  Tuefday  night  to  the 
King^t  Bench  Prifon. 

The  Grand  Jury  difmiffcd  the  hilji 
againft  the  officer  and  the  other  foldi- 
en. 

The  above  trial  began  about  half  an 
hour  after  feven  in  the  morning,  and 
lafted  near  nine  hours.  The  counfel 
for  the  pr>fecution  were  Mr.  Serjeant 
Leigh,  Mr.  Lucas,  Mr.  Lade,  and 
Mr.  Baker  9  thofe  for  the  prifoner 
were,  Mt.  Hcrvey,  Mr.  Cox,  Mr. 
Bifhop,  and  Mr.  Robinfon. 

[What  has  been  printed  as  A  Sum- 
mary of  the  Trial  of  Donald  Maclane 
is  falfc  in  a  variety  of  particulars,  as 
well  as  very  imperfeA.  It(a)S,  fpeak- 
ing  of  Skidmore  and  Twaites,  "  Thefe 
evidences  fwore  podtively  to  the  iden- 
tity of  the  piifoner,  and  were  the  on- 
ly people  on  the  part  of  the  profecu- 
tion,  who  declared  any  knowledge  of 
bis  perfon.*'  Now,  Sir,  I  am  told, 
that  Mr.  George  Milford  Flowers  de- 
pofed,  that  as  he  went  in  the  hackney 
coach  with  Donald  Maclane  from  the 
King^s  Bench  to  the  New  Gaol,  the 
prifoner  cried  very  much,  and  faid, 
))i  hoped  that  be  Jhould  meet  <wilb  mercy ^ 
for  that  bis  piece  luent  off  by  accident. 
Is  not  this  conffjfion  the  llrongeit  evi- 
dence that  young  Allen  was  killed  by 
Mac  Lane  and  not  by  Mac  Cloughlan  ? 
^nd  does  it  not  6x  the  fa6t  on  the 
per/on  of  the  prifoner,  whom  Mr. 
Flowers  faw  in  court,  and  fwore  to 
be  the  fame  be  heard  that  declaration 
from  in  $he  hackney  coach }  I  own, 
fir,  two  or  th|e<  plain  witneAes,  whom 
I  knew  to  be  men  ol  (tri£l  veracity, 
and  uiiintercAed  in  the  caufe,  would, 
in  my  mind,  efifal>lini  a  h&.  beyond  the 
poUedlive  evidence  of  eyery  iolflier  of 
^eThlrd  Rrgimeiu,  deeply  prejudiced. 


Aug. 

as  well  as  interefted,  and  wiihipg  to 
ger  off  a  comrade.  But,  fir,  all  this 
muft  be  left  to  the  impartial  tribunal 
of  the  public,  who  will  not  fail  to 
judge  uprightly  both  the  judge  euii 
jury^  equally  with  the  prifoner^  as  foon 
as  they  are  furnifhed  with  the  means 
of  inforrration,  which  ought  not  to  be 
refufcd  to  them.         Plain  Trutb.1 

ro   the    PRINTER,  &c. 
S  I  R, 

ARTICLES  of  intelligence  have 
for  fome  time  been  daily  reircra- 
ted  in  the  public  papers,  importing 
that  government  has  adopted  and  re* 
folved  to  purfue  vigorous  meafures  re- 
lative to  our  American  colonies;  by 
which  I  underftand,  that  an  armament 
is  meant  to  be  fent  thither,  to  z6t  of- 
fenfively  againft  the  inhabitants ;  and 
that  troops  were  af^ually  ordered  on 
this  fervice,  has  been  frequently  affert- 
ed  \  and  though  for  fome  time  I  have 
flattered  myfelf  that  thefe  affertions 
were  but  the  idle  fuggr(lion«  of  thofe 
ignorant  and  inhuman  wretches  among 
us,  who  wifh  to  fee  the  mil'eries  of  war 
tranfplanted  into  our  colonies,  as  a 
punilhment  for  their  temerity,  in  de- 
nying the  omnipotence  of  a  Britilh 
parliament,  and  its  right  of  difpofing 
of  their  property ;  yet  I  now  begin  to 
fear  there  is  fome  reality  in  thelc  re- 
ports, which  niuft  be  alarming  to  all 
but  the  ignorant.  I  have  already  pub- 
llckly  delired,  (and  now  repeat  my 
deiire)  to  know  from  the  abettors  of 
thefe  hoftile  meafures,  in  what  fervice 
a  military  force  is  to  be  employed  on 
its  arrival  in  America  ?  Is  it  to  intimi- 
dafe  or  infuit  a  people  who  live 
in  perfef^  fubmiflion  to  the  civil  au- 
thority ?  or  is  it  to  murder  thofe 
who  have  the  h^neft  fortitude  to  pro- 
teft  againft  an  infringement  of  our 
natural  rights  ?  Thefe  being  the  only 
fervices  in  which  troops  can  be  em* 
ployed,  in  the  prefent  fituation  of 
things,  unlefs  an  accidental  rabble 
might  give  them  op.'oitunity  to  repeat 
the  tragic  fcene  lately  exhibited  in  St. 
George's  Fields. 

When  I  rcfleft  on  the  importance  of 
our  connexions  with  thefe  colonies  , 
when  I  conlider  that  the  balUnce  of 
trade  to  almoft  every  other  country  is 
againft  us,  and  that  it  is  our  com- 
merce with  (hem  which  alone  affords 
employ  mentf 


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1 768.  The  dcftgried  treatment  of  America 

employment,   and,   confequently  fub- 
iliience  to  oar  manufadturers,  I  am  not 
a  little  alarmed  at  the  precipitate  refo- 
lutions  fo  inconfiderately  taken  on  an 
object  of  the  laft  importance  to  the 
very  being   of   thb   kingdom.     The 
great  object    of  our  prelent    difpute 
with  the  colonies  it  the  right  of  parlia- 
mentary taxation,    which   this    king- 
dom hat  lately    alTumed ;    but  which 
they  deny,  and  fupport  their  denial  by 
arguments  which  are  yet  unanfwered; 
every  attempt  that  has  been  made  for  .  then    our 
that  purpofe    has  only    expofed    the     our  ruin, 
weaknefs  of  our  pretcnfions.    But  if 
in  reality  we  have  ,tbe  right  which  we 
claim,  we  have  men  of  fufHcient  ability 
CO  make  it  apparent  \  which,  if  practi- 
cable, it  is  not  only  our  intereit,   but 
duty  to  do,  iince  convincing  the  colo- 
nics of  the  juftice  of  our  preteniions, 
would  be  the  moft  natural,  and,  I  be- 
lieve nioit  fuccefsful  method  of  enga- 
gini;  their  compliance. 

But  from  the  weaknefs  of  the  at- 
tempts already  made  for  th^t  purpofe,' 
and  from  the  veneration  they  enter- 
tain for  the  fentiments  of  tbofe  wife 
and'illuftrious  patriots,  Lord  Chatham, 
and  the  prefent  Lord  Hieh  Chancellor, 
(expreiTed  on  this  fubjea)  confirmed 
by  the  reafon  and  aptitude  of  things, 
I  am  fully  convinced  that  the  parlia- 
ment of  this  kingdom  has  no  conftitu- 
cional  right  to  difpofe  of  the  property 
of  our  iellow-fubje6)s  in  America, 
until  they  are  reprefented  therein, 
which,  at  prefent  is  far  from  being 
the  cafe. 

We  honour  our  glorious  anceftort 


429 

quences  to  the  common  and  infepara. 
ble  interc(t  of  this  kingdom  and  her 
colonies  !  Should  an  armament  be  fent 
to  America,  to  enforce  a  fubmifHon  to 
impoiitions  which  they  judge  unconfti- 
tutional,  ihould  our  natural  fuperiori- 
ty  prevail,  and  (hould  their  natural 
aifedtion  to  us  engage  them  rather  to 
fubmit  to  the  tyranny  of  their  parent 
country,  than  implore  foreign  aid  i 
or,  in  4  word,  (hould  we  reduce  them 
to  the  moft  abject  fubmiflion,  even 
very  fucccfs  would  prove 
Though  opprcffed  by  our 
force,  their  refeutment  at  our  in- 
julUce  would  prompt  them  to  revenje 
our  inhumanity,  by  deftroying  all 
iiltercourfe  wi'h  the  kingdom,  a  mea- 
fure,  which  by  their  fituation,  is  eafiJy 
practicable,  and  which  would  render 
them  ufelefs  to  us.  Our  trade  would 
then  languilh,  our  labourers  ilarve, 
and  inteltine  divifions  accelerate  our 
fall.  Thefe  confrquenccs,  however 
melancholy,  are  the  moft  favourable 
which  can  refult  from  ihofe  vieorout 
meafures  which  fome  fo  eagerly  de- 
(ire. '  But  (hould  a  hardy  and  brave 
people,  inflamed  by  the  love  of  liberty, 
even  tb  enthufiafra,  refift  our  force, 
and  urged  to  defpair,  (honld  they  pre- 
fer foreign  protection  10  Briti(h  tyran- 
ny, what  would  be  the  confequence  ? 
What  an  increafe  of  wealth  and  power 
would  the  acceflfion  of  thefe  colonies 
convey  to  our  natural  enemies  ?  Thefe 
events  to  many  may  appear  chimerical, 
but  my  (ituatioa  has  furnifhed  me 
with  peculiar  advantages  of  judging 
on  this  fubjeCt,  and  I  wifh  our  mifcon- 


for  their    magnanimity  in  defending    du^  may  not  too  foon  convince  us  of 


tor  tneir    magnanimity  in  oerending    duct  may  no 
and  tranfmittm^  to  us  the  bleflings  of    their  reality. 


our  happy  conftitution,  and  (ball  we 
condemn  our  Amencan  brethren  for 
endeavouring  to  preferve  the  rights  of 
this  very  cun(titution,  and  tranfmit 
them  inviolate  to  their  defcendanrs  ? 
Shall  we  puniih  in  them  the  very  con- 
duct we  juAly  applaud  in  our  progeni- 
tors ?  Or,  in  a  word,  (hall  we  become 
the  abettors  of  injuitice,  and  that  to- 
wards our  brethren  and  fellow. fub- 
je^s,  defcendants  from  our  common 
anceltors,  and  heirs  to  our  common 
privileges  ?  I  blufh,  my  countrymen, 
at  the  thought !  Yet  what^-^lfe  can  be 
inrended  by  thofe  vigorous  meafures 
which  are  to  bs  purfued?  Meafures 
|iicguant  widi  the  moft   fatal  confe- 


We  are  told,  and  (hall  be  told,  tb^t 
we  are  loaded  with  heavy  taxes,  and 
that  ju(tice  requires  that  our  fellow- 
fubjeCts  in  America  (hould  (hare  the 
burthen.  By  this,  hiy  countrymen, 
you  are  rendered  the  dupes  to  minifte- 
rial  policy.  Impo(itions  are  not  ex* 
tended  to  America  with  defign  to 
le(ren  your  taxes,  but  to  augment  the 
number  of  placemen,  and  the  power 
of  the  crown,  already  too  enormous  j 
be(ides,  it  ought  to  be  confidered,  that 
in  compelling  the  colonies  to  purchafe 
our  manufaaures,  they  pay  all  the 
taxes  impofed  on  our  manufactures  in 
the  advanced  price  to  which  they  aie 
raifcd  by  thefe  taxes  $  and  if  that  is 

not 


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430  Letter  from  Voltaire. 

"ot  an  equitable  (hare  of  the  common 
burthen,  why  is  not  application  made 
in  a  conliitutional  manner  to  the  af- 
/cmblies  of  their  reprefentatives,  as 
wai  praftifed  during  the  Jate  war, 
when  they  amply  demonftrated  their 
loyalty,  by  complying  with  every  re- 
quilition  made  by  his  majefty ;  and 
when  MafTachufet^s  bay  and  Connec- 
ticut alone,  raifed  and  fupported  ten 
tkoufand  Ibldiers  for  the  common  (ti- 
vice,  though  the  pay  of  the  private  men 
was  necefl'arily  three  times  greater  than 
that  of  thofe  in  the  pay  of  this  king- 
dom \  and  curfed  be  the  policy  of  that 
ignorant  financier  who  firft  deftroyed 
this  conftitutional  method  of  obtaining 
aififtance  from  the  colonies;  and  in- 
flead  proje6ted  the  ftamp  a6l,  thereby 
impairing  their  natural  affe^ion  to 
this  kingdom,  and  exciting  jealoufy 
and  diHruft  of  its  intentions.  This, 
however,  might  have  been  overcome 
by  the  equitable  repeal  of  that  a^, 
had  it  not  been  followed  by  others  of 
a  fimilar  and  not  lefs  pernicious  confe- 
quence.  If  the  advice  of  one  who  is 
a^uated  by  a  love  of  juitice,  and  an 
anxious  concern  for  the  profpcrity  of 
this  kingdom,  might  be  puriued,  oyr 
prerenfions  to  an  unconftitutional  au- 
thority over  the  colonies  would  foon 
be  difclaimed,  and  thofe  men  only  em- 
ployed in  the  public  (crvice,  who  from 
principle*  are  its  declared  enemies. 
This  would  foon  conciliate  our  un- 
happy differences  and  revive  our  com- 
merce; the  colonies  would  then  grate- 
fully participate  the  common  burthen, 
when  allowed  to  make  it  a  voluntary 
a6t.  This  is  a  mealure  not  only  con- 
venient, but  nccclTary.  The  time  will 
foon  arrive,  when  from  the  inceffant 
migration  of  foreigners  to  our  colo- 
nies, and  their  rapid  increafe,  other 
motives  th'an  force  will  be  neccfTary  to 
fecure  their  dependance  on  this  king- 
dom ;  and  their  love  or  hatred,  not- 
withtianding  our  preicnt  indifference, 
will  then  become  an  obje6l  of  impor- 
tince. 

I  am.  Sir,  your*s,  &c. 

Caivs  Memmius. 

T^ranjlation  of  a  Letter  from  Af.  Voltaire 
to  tbe  Cbe'valier  Vanfommer  at  Lon- 
don. 
S  I  R, 

YO  y  know,  without  doubt,  that 
peace  is  made  at  Geneva.     It  is 


Aug. 

always  the  refult  of  war.  After  tilting 
at  one  another  for  fome  time,  men  al- 
ways return  to  conditions  of  peace,  in 
expectation  of  fome  new  rupture.  Man 
is  a  little  fovcreiguj  he  loves  peace  on 
account  of  his  own  tranquility  9  but  he 
has  a  flrong  propenfity  to  war,  to  dif- 
turb  the  tranquility  of  others. 

Europe  ought  to  admire  the  prudence 
of  the  Genevcfc  competitors,  and  their 
regard  for  humanity  during  the  confu- 
fiont  of  war ;  not  one  drop  of  blood  hat 
been  fhed  by  them.  We  cannot  fay 
the  fame  of  Neufchatel :  a  bloody  fcene 
lias  been  a£led  there.  Gaudot,  the  at- 
torney-general*  has  fallen  by  thefword 
ofaflailins.  His  corpfe,  pierced  with 
wounds,  could  fcarce  obtain  a  burial. 
But  peace  is  not  reeflablilhed  by  the 
death  of  that  unfortunate  magiflrate. 
The  cantons  of  Lucerne,  Fribourg, 
and  Soleure,  have  furnifhed  a  body  of 
men  which  guards  the  town :  general 
Lentulus  is  encamped  at  Anet:  the 
chetalierde  Planta,  a  major  in  the  fer- 
vice  of  the  king  of  Prudia,  is  gone  ta 
that  monarch ;  and  I  doubt  not  but  that 
prince  will  Urongly  icfentthe  outrage, 
which  has  been  done  to  him  in  the 
pcrfon  of  the  attorney  genfral.  The 
repofe  of  Neufchatel  wiil  not  be  re-ef- 
rahlifhed  without  flrangling  two  or 
three  of  the  ringleaders.  The  humane 
citizen  groans -at  being  under  a  necef- 
fity  to  ferve  again  the  murderers.  Bur, 
by  mifchance,  fuch  is  the  condition  of 
humanity,  that  one  evil  can  feldom  be 
jemedied  but  by  two  others,  and  thofe 
again  by  a  great  many  more.  Man- 
kind is  propenfe  to  revenge,  and  of- 
tentimes the  perfecutor  himfdf  is  per- 
fecuted  in  his  turn.  One  half  of  the 
world  is  incefTantly  at  war  with  the 
other:  there  is  no  fuch  thing  as  a  truce 
between  them.  To  conciliate  their  af- 
fe^ions,  it  muft  be  laid  down  as  a  pre- 
liminary article  5  **  That  every  one 
fhould  renounce  his  particular  inte- 
reft ;"  but  this  is  an  impoffibility :  For- 
then  mankind  would  ceafe  to  be  men, 
and  become,  a  chimera,  which  has  no 
reality. 

Old  Clement  is  at  war  with  young 
Ferdinand.  Rome  and  Naples  cannot 
agree,  and  the  Pope  makes  ufe  of  his 
worn-out  arms  again  ft  a  prince  who  has 
bayonets  and  mu(kets.  France,  Spain, 
and  Portugal  join  their  aims  with  the 
latter,  and  prove  by  an  argument  nd^ 
hominem^  ^at  Clement  dotes^  and  that 

he 


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1768. 

^e  ought  to  fubmiti  fo  as  to  /ecall  his 
bull,  which  is  the  (hamc  of  the  Vati- 
can. But  the  fovcreign  pontiff  regards 
it  as  a  point  of  confcicnce,  and  intends, 
by  his  obftinacy,  to  join  the  crown  of 
martyrdom  to  the  tiara  of  the  pontiff  5 
as  if  God  loved  the  jefuits  well  enough 
to  grant  the  palm  to  their  grand  ad- 
miral ! 

If,  from  the  fields  of  Rome,  wc 
turn  our  eyes  toward  the  North,  wc 
ibali  fee  Poland  a  prey  to  domeftic  dif- 
fentiont.  One  part  of  the  nation  in 
arms  againft  the  other:  the  patriot, 
pnder  the  title  of  confederate,  deflroy- 
ing  the  patriot ;   and  all  this  for  the 

f;lory  of  God,  and  the  honour  of  re- 
igion!  as  if  that  holy  religion  had  not 
aboliflied  both  facriiicers  and  vi6tim8. 
But  what  ought  equally  to  engage  the 
rights  of  humanity,  is,  that  a  foreign 
power  enters  in  arras,  and  forces  a  na- 
tion," which  is  free,  and  governed  by 
its  own  laws,  to  receive  thofe  which  it 
impofes  with  bayonets  fixed.  What 
would  the  Englifh  fay,  if  the  king  of 
Prance  (hould  come  at  the  head  of  a 
hundred  thoufand  men  to  impofe  laws 
upon  England  ?  Would  he  meet  with 
a  favourable  reception  from  that  na- 
tion, fo  jealous  of  its  rights  and  li- 
berties ?  Would  they  not  fay  to  him, 
after  throwing  a  few  barrels  of  powder 
in  his  face,  •*  fir,  why  do  >ou  med^ 
die  with  us?  have  you  any  thing  to 
do  here  ?  get  back  again  into  your  own 
kingdom;  you  are  no  le'giflaior  in 
ours.  Shew  your  defpotilm  at  home, 
and  leave  us  to  enjoy  our  liberties." 
But  the  Poles  are  weak  and  Catherine 
has  flrong  reafons  to  produce  on  her 
fide 5  witnefs  the  biftiop  of  Cracow, 
who  was  confined  at  Schiufielbourg  in 
the  fame  apaitment  as  the  czar  Peter 
III.  finifhed  his  career  in. 

Voltaire. 

To    the     PRINTER,     &c. 
S  I  R, 

TH  E  tender  concern  I  have  always 
had  for  the  beautiful  part  of  my 
fellow- creatures  has  made  me  molt 
attentively  obferve,  from  my  youth  up- 
ward (for^I  am  now  a  very  old  man) 
all  the  variations  of  their  fafhions  and 
whims  of  drefs,  of  all  which  I  have 
kept  a  regular  chronicle,  infomuch  that 
I  can  in  a  n^oment's  time  turn  to  the 
Anno  Domini  of  the  coloured  hoods, 
tl^e  enormous  hcop  petticoats,  and  the 


A  Lady's  Head  CoIfFee. 


431 


commodious  fack  or  robe,  efpecially 
favourable  to  deformed  fhapes,  or  un- 
authorifed  pregnancies.  But  in  all 
this  mutability  of  modes,  my  fair  coun- 
trywomen have  always  outfbone  all 
others  in  fplendid  cleanlinefs  as  well  as 
beauty,  till  very  lately,  that  invention 
being  perhaps  exhaufted,  the  reveiTe 
of  that  chara6Veriftical  neatnefs  has  at 
laft  had  it's  turn. 

You  cafily  gucfs.  Sir,  that  I  allude 
to  the  prefent  prodigious,  unnatural, 
monflrous  and  dirty  mode  of  dreffing 
the  hair,  which,  adorned  with  many 
jewels,  makes  them  at  once  (hine  and 
itink  upwards. 

As  I  am  a  great  frequenter  of  public 
places,  I  have  experienced  this  me- 
lancholy truth  J  for  attradled  by  my 
eyes  to  approach  as  near  as  I  could  to 
thefe  beautiful  creatures,  I  have  foon 
been  repelled  by  my  nofe,  and  been 
obliged  to  retire  to  a  refpedtful  dif- 
tance.  For  (I  will  fpeak  it  out)  I 
have  had  the  honour  of  fmelling  in  the 
moft  unfavoury  manner  very  many 
heads  of  the  firft  rank  and  condition, 
thus  verifying  the  Newtonian  do6trinc 
of  attraction  and  repulfion. 

I  went  the  other  morning  to  make 
a  vifit  to  an  elderly  aunt  of  mine,  when 
I  found  her  pulling  off  her  cap,  and 
tendering  her  head  to  the  ingenious 
Mr.  Gilchrifl,  who  has  lately  obliged 
the  public  with  a  moft  excellent  efiay 
upon  hair.  He  afked  her  how  long  it 
was  fince  her  head  had  been  opened 
or  repaired.  Sheanfwered,  not  above 
nine  weeks.  To  which  he  replied, 
that  that  was  as  long  as  a  head  couid 
well  go  in  the  fummer,  and  that  there- 
fore It  was  proper  to  deliver  it  now  j 
for  he  confcfl'ed  that  it  begun  to  be  a 
little  hazarde.  He  then  alked  my  aunt 
how  (he  chofe  to  be  coifee^  whether  a 
la  Cybele,  a  la  Gorgonne,  or  a  la  Veni'S, 
My  aunt  anfwered,  that  a  la  Gargonne 
was  horrible,  but  that  (he  preferred  ^/^i 
Cybele^  mitigated  with  a  little  of  a  la 
Venus,  Here  I  could  not  help  inter- 
rupting the  converfation,  by  defiring 
Mr.  Gilchrift  to  expound  to  me  thole 
terms  of  art  which  he  had  mentioned  ; 
which  he  did  in  the  following  moft 
obliging  manner.  A  la  Cybele^  Sir,  fa  id 
he,  is  10  raife  the  hair  true  or  falfe 
together,  about  a  foot  high,  and  tower- 
wile,  as  you  fee  Cybcle  reprcfented  in 
antient  Buftos.  That-h  la  Gorgonne 
required  the  curls  to  be  loofer,  more 
moveable 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


432 


Our   Penal  Laws 


moveable,  and  to  ferpent  with  all  the 
inotiops  of  the  head  :  But  that  a  la  Vc" 
frMj'admitted  but  of  few  curls,  becaufe 
Venus  was  fuppofed  to  be  rifen  out  of 
the  fea,  and  confequenf  ly  not  to  have 
her  hair  very  crifp.  My  aunt  inter- 
rupted our  converfation  by  telling  Mr. 
Gilchriit,  that  (be  defired  not  to  be 
coiffee  in  the  higheft  extreme  of  the 
falhion  j  for  that  when  a  woman  was 
turned  of  fifty  (by  the  way  fhe  is  fe- 
venty- three)  the  drefs  (hould  be  modtft 
to  a  certain  degree. 

When  Mr.  Gilchrift  opened  my 
aunt*s  head,  as  he  called  it,  I  mud  con- 
it^t>  it's  effluvias  afFcftcd  my  fcnfs  of 
fmelling  difagreeably,  which  Itench, 
however,  did  not  furprizc  me,  when 
I  obferved  the  great  variety  of  mate- 
rials employed  in  raifing  the  dirty  Fa- 
brick.  Falfe  locks  to  fupply  the  great 
deficiency  of  native  hair,  pomatum 
with  profufion,  greafy  wool  to  bolfter 
up  the  adopted  locks,  and  grey  pow- 
der  to  conceal  at  once  age  and  dirt, 
and  all  tiiefe  caulked  together  by  pins 
of  an  indecent  length,  and  correrlpond- 
ing  colour.  When  the  comb  was  ap- 
plied to  the  natural  hair,  I  obferved 
fwarms  of  animalculas  running  about 
jn  the  utmolt  confternation,  and  in 
different  dire6>ion«,  upon  which  I  put 
my  chair  a  little  further  from  the  ta- 
ble, and  aficed  the  operator  whether 
that  numerous  fwarm  did  not  from 
time  to  time  fend  out  colonies  to  other 
parts  of  the  body  ?  He  aflured  me  that 
they  could  -not;  for  that  the  quantity 
of  powder  and  pomatum  formed  a  glu- 
tinous matter,  which,  like  lime  twiggi 
to  birds,  caught  and  clogged  the  Tit- 
tle natives,  and  prevented  their  migra- 
tion. Here  I  obferved  my  aunt  to  be 
in  a  good  (ieal  of  coufufion,  and  (he 
told  me  that  (he  would  not  detain  me 
any  longer  from  better  company  ;  for 
that  the  operations  of  the  toilette  were 
not  a  very  agreeable  fpefiacle  to  by- 
ftanders,  but  that  they  were  an  una- 
voidable evil  5  for  after  all,  if  one  did 
not  drefs  a  little  like  other  people,  one 
Ihould  be  pointed  at  as  one  went  along. 

I  willingly  took  the  hint,  and  leave 
of  my  aunt,  glad  to  get  off  Cafe  from 
the  danger  of  any  bold  and  adven- 
turous emigrants. 

If  this  plain  narrative  of  a  nvatter  of 
fa6t  may  contribute  to  reftorc  my  dear 
countrywomen  to  their  piimitiveclean- 


line  A.  I  ^all  think  my  timt  well  fpcnt, 
and  I  believe  you  will  think  your  preli 
well  employed  §  but  if  not,  we  inc& 
e'en  leave  them  to  the  care  of  the  fca- 
vcngers,  now  that  the  city  of  Wdt- 
minfier  begins  to  h2ivt  fame  pQlice. 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the    LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

Our  penal  la^ws  uuequaL 

THE  extravagance  of  folly  the 
outragious  wantonnefs  of  vice, 
never  were  more  flagrant  in  any 
country  where  the  gofpel  would  open 
its  heavenly  contents  before  every  eye, 
than  in  this  land  and  age  of  Britons.— 
Some  pro<lieie8  of  iewdnefs  have  not 
indeed,  without  tierabling,  cfcaped 
their  juft  demerits  in  our  courts  of  jo- 
dicature,  but  many  others  have  been 
found  guilty  of  the  molt  (hocking  bar- 
baritics,  very  much  owing,  as  (cvenl 
have  obferved,  to  the  inequality  of 
our  penal  laws,  which  loudly  call  for 
an  amendment.  We  arc  exccifively 
prodigal  in  takingaway  life.  We  pu- 
nifh  with  death  crimes  of  a  fmall  ac- 
count when  compared  with  others  of 
a  far  deeper  dye,  which  either  arc  on- 
noticed,  or  elfc  have  no  heavier  pu- 
nifhment  than  thofe  (lighter  crimes.— 
For  example,  adidtery  and  feduBmn^ 
are,  undoubtedly,  in  the  eye  of  troth, 
rcafon,  and  common  fenfe,  crrmes  of 
a  more  malignant  nature  and  deftruc- 
tive  tendency,  than  various  fpecies  of 
crime  which  arc  made  capital :  and 
yet,  thofe  are  pra^ifed  by  many  with 
much  fecurity,  and  if  punifhcd  at  all, 
are  not  made  capital. — But  wluit  com- 
parifon  is  there  between  the  injury 
done  me  by  ftealing  my  horfc,  or  my 
(heep,  or  taking  my  purfe,  and  that  of 
violating  my  bed,  or  feducing  and  de- 
bauching my  daughter  ?— The  vilcft 
of  malefactors  are  allowed  to  Ktc 
among  us. 

further  indeed  by  the  laws  merits 
death  j  and  ought  not  in  any  cafe  to 
meet  with  either  connivance,  or  pr- 
don. — No  power  on  earth  has  a  right 
to  conceal,  or  to  forgive  miirther. 
The  cxprefs  law  of  God  requires, 
thai  be  nvbo  Jbedt  maiCs  blooJ^  JbaU  by 
man  bofve  bis  blood  Jbed,  Such  mii- 
creants  are  not  fit  to  live  in  fociety.— 
But  theft  and  robbery  are  crimes  of  a 
much  inferior  nature,  and  which  ought 
to  have  a  very  diffenent  punifliment. 

Nay. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


U  N  E  CLU  A  L. 


433 


Nay  I  will  prefume  to  fay,  there  is  even 
a  fpecics  of  murther  among'us  puniAia- 
ble  with  death,  which  always  gives  me 
pain  and  excites  my  pity  :  I  mean, 
where  the  female  has  been  moft  wick- 
edly deluded  and  debauched,  and  from 
an  irretiftible  effort  of  (hame,  a  tempo- 
rary frenzy,  occafioned  by  a  dread  of 
being  difcovered,  has  totally  fupprelled 
the  native  tendernefs  of  her  ftx,  and 
offered  violence  to  they7or^^  of  mater- 
nal affection  !  I  am  tempted  to  afk, 
whether  the  feductr  who  has  put  the 
unhappy  woman  upon  this  horrid 
meafure,  by  wickedly  feducing^  de- 
bauching and  then  bafely  deferting 
her,  ought  not  to  be  deemed,  at  leaft, 
tjpon  a  par  in  the  guilt  of  blood  ?  If 
(he  mutt  forfeit  life,  ought  not  her 
corrupter  and  betrayer  to  pay  the  fame 
forfeiture  ?— Here  our  penal  laws  are 
inequitable,  and  loudly  call  for  an 
amendment. 

Unlefs  we  have  public  virtue  enough, 
to  give  them,  in  this  article,  a  confif- 
tcncy,  we  have  nothing  to  apprehend 
but  confuiion.  The  very  fafhionable 
libidinous  commixtures  of  the  lexes, 
the  execrable  freedoms  which  the  males 
take  with  the  females,  can  only  pro- 
duce very  tremendous  confequences  !  — 
The  original  intention  of  the  author 
of  nature,  was,  that  the  intercourfe 
of  the  fexes  Ihould  be  confined  to  a 
ilngle  connexion  ;  and  in  no  cafe  be 
promifcuous.  This  ii  proveable,  even 
to  a  demonflration.  Yet  fuch  is  the 
daringimpiety  of  mankind,  that,  with- 
out fcruple,  they  will  infolently  tram- 
ple upon  his  authority,  and  violate 
his  moft  facred  fundamental  laws. 

After  thefe  animadvcrfions  upon  the 
great  defeffs  of  our  fjftcm  of  judicial 
penal  ftatutes — I  would  notice  an  un- 
grateful, reproachful,  provoking  cuf- 
tom^  often  mentioned  in  our  public  pa- 
pers, viz.  that  ofivagfrs  laid  to  excite 
and  engage  unhappy  wretches  in 
gourmandizing,  feeding  ravenoufly, 
or  in  drinking  to  excefs.  Some  of 
theie  enormous,  inhumane  fportings 
have  inftantly  proved  fatal,  which 
leads  me  to  put  another  queftion,  viz. 
whether  the  perfons  who  are  con- 
cerned in  fuch  worfe  than  brutal 
abufes  of  the  food,  which  God  has 
provided  for  the  nourilhment  and 
fupport  of  man,  are  not  to  be  deemed 
acceflaries  in  fuch  deftru6tive  mcafures? 
and   where  death    apparently   enfuts, 

Augufty  1768. 


ought  not  to  be  punifhed,  as  having 
had  an  immediate  hand  in  the  mur* 
ther? 

Do  not  fuch  inftanccs  of  huge  de- 
pravity in  a  nation,  where  the  poor 
are  multiplying,  (through  a  negleft 
and  decay  of  trade,  and  a  difcourage- 
ment  of  the  home  manufa61ures,  and 
where  want  and  diiUefs  is  abounding,) 
threaten  to  pull  down  upon  us  fome 
marks  of  divine  difplealure  ?— with 
what  fpirit  the  new  chofen  national 
reprefentatiue  will  enter  upon  public 
bufmefs,  or  give  attention  to  the  weal 
of  the  people,  I  am  not  able  to  fore- 
tell— but  this  I  know,  with  great  cer- 
tainty, that  if  there  be  no  reform 
made  by  them  in  our  civil  and  moral 
fyftem,  (as  there  muft  not  be  in  our 
ecclefiaftical)  a  man  has  no  need  of  the 
fupernatural  fpirit  of  prophecy,  to  be 
enabled  to  write  very  bitter  things  of 
the  approaching  condition  of  Britain ! 
A  Reformer. 

The  Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V.  continued 
from  page  zii, 

TH  £  firft  days  of  Sixtus*s  pontifi- 
cate were  taken  up  with  receiv- 
ing the  congratulations  of  the  Roman 
nobility,  and  giving  audience  to  the 
ambafladors  and  roiniflers  of  foreign 
princes.  It  had  been  cuftomary  for 
new  popes  to  grant  an  aft  of  grace,^ 
and  to  releafe  all  criminals  found  in 
prifon  at  their  afcending  the  throne ; 
but  this  Sixtus  retufcd  to  do,  ordered 
them  to  be  more  clofely  confined,  and 
four  of  them  to  be  executed  even  up- 
on his  coronation-day.  May*  1.  In 
(hort,  he  regarded  not  the  interccffion 
of  the  cardinals  or  nobles;  but,  as  the 
ecclefiaftical  ftatc  had  been  full  of  ra- 
pine and  violence,  determined  to  cx- 
ercife  juftice  before  he  n)ewed  mercy, 
fparing  no  one  who  had  been  guilty 
of  atrocious  crimes,  though  themfelvcs 
and  their  families  were  of  the  fuperior 
rank  j  a  feverity  that  ftruck  every  ma- 
Icfadtor  with  terror. 

*'  Soon  after  the  coronation,  Ca- 
milla, the  pope's  fifter,  came  by  his 
orders  to  Rome,  with  her  daughter 
and  two  grandfons  (who  were  the  fons 
of  another  daughter)  and  a  niece, 
the  daughter  of  her  brother  Anthony. 
The  eldeft  of  her  grandfons,  Alexan- 
der Peretti,  was  made  a  cardinal  a  few 
days  after  his  arrival,  with  the  title 
gV  St,  Jerome  degli  Scbia*vm  (the  name 

1  i  i  of 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


434 

of  his  church)  ;  but  the  pop&  was  de- 
firous  be  (hould  take  hia  old  name. 
Cardinal  Montalt(M  He  was  then  about 
eighteen  years  old,  and  had  been  but  in- 
dLQFerently  educated,  yet  he  made  fuch 
improvementi  under  his  unck*s  in- 
ftru6)ioni  that  he  afterwards  became  a 
very  able  man,  and  was  employed  in  the 
management  of  the  molt  weighty  and 
arduous  affairs.^ 

Sixtus  had  («nt  to  deiire  his  (ifter 
would  take  particular  care  to  behave 
in  a  decent  and  modeft  manner,  at 
her  arrival i  but  when  (he  came  near 
the  city,  the  cardinals,  Medicis, 
D'Efte,  and  Alexandrino  went  out  to 
meet  her,  and.  condu61ed  her  to  a 
neighbouring  palace,  where  they  dref- 
fed  her  up  lij^e  a  princefs,  thinking 
thereby  to  make  their  court  to  the 
pope,  who,  they  knew  loved  her  ten- 
.  derl),  and  had  exprefl'ed  a  great  deal 
of  impatience  to  (ce  her  at  Rome. 

The  cardinaU  took  her,  drcfl'ed  after 
this  manner,  to  the  V.itican  j  and  the 
Fopc,  being  informed  of  her  arrival, 
ordered  her  to  be  immediately  intro- 
duced to  him  :  But  when  he  faw  h«r 
in  that  tawdry  habit,  he  pretended  not 
to  know  her,  and  aflced,  two  or  three 
times,  who  fhe  was :  Upon  which, 
Alexandrino,  who  handed  her  in,  faid, 
**  It  is  your  fifter,  Holy  Father,"' 
**  My  iifter!  (replied  Sixtus  with  a 
frown)  i  have  but  one  fiftcr,  and  fhe  is 
a  poor  woman  at  Lc  Grottc :  If  >ou 
kave  introduced  her  in  this  di'guife, 
I  declare  I  don't  know  her  ;  and  yet 
I  think  I  (hould  know  her  agiin,  if  I 
was  tu  fee  her  again  in  fuch  doaths 
as  {he  ufcd  to  wear." 

His  two  nephews  thit  came  with 
her,  were  drc/Ted  like  young  noblemen, 
and  attended  by  the  nephew  of  car- 
dinal D'Efte,  who  gave  them  the  right 
hand,  as  be  was  iniiru^ted  by  hia  un- 
cle, imagining  the  pope  would  be 
highly  pTeafcd  with  it :  But  Sixtus 
could  not  forbear  lau jibing  when  he 
•heard  of  it,  and  gave  ltri<^  orders  to 
the  centinels  at  the  gates  of  the  Vati- 
can,  not  to  Ihew  tliem  the  lead  honour 
orrcfp^6t;  and  would  not  fufFcr  any 
of  his  olHcers  to  go  out  and  meet 
them,  which  eccafioncd  Rufticucci  to 
fay  to  Alcxandiino,  **  He  was  fure 
fomething  was  amifs  i  and  that  it  was 
well  if  they  were  not  in  a  wrong  box." 

After  they  faw  in  what  manner  his 
jiephews  and  nieces  bad  been  received, 
I 


LIFE     OF 


Aug, 

none  of  the  c^rdina1«»  ox  tUofe  that 
came  with  them,  offered  to  wait  upon 
them  back.  It  is  true^  indeed,  Alex- 
andrino fent  bis  major  domo  to.  (hew 
them  the  way  to  an  inn*  Poor  CamiU 
la,  who  thought  herfelf  a  princefs  at 
leaft,  was  extremely  mortified  at  thit 
reception  and  public  difgrace :  And 
one  of  the  boys,  whilft  they  were  drip- 
ping off  his  fine  cloaths,  faid,  ««  Alas! 
mother,  our  reign  has  been  a  very 
(hort  one." 

This  event  occafioned  much  laught 
ter  in  Rome,  as  all  decerning  people 
perceived  ihe  reafon  of  the  Pope's  be- 
having after  this  manner  waS|^  that  be 
did  not  chufe  to  lay  himfelf  under 
any  obligation  to  thofe  two  cardinal 
in  an  affair  of  lb  little  fervice  to  him. 
It  feems,  when  they  knew  the  Pope 
had  not  given  any  orders  to  equip 
them  with  money  and  cloaths  for  their 
jcurney,  they  furniflied  them  very  li- 
berally with  both*  The  only  per(bn 
that  was  fent .  by  hioiy  to  condud 
them  from  Le  Grotte  to  Rome,  wat 
Ceroli,  a  gentleman  of  La  Marcat 
who  had  been  a  long  time  his  fecre- 
tary,  to  whom  he  gave  fccret  ordert 
to  bring  them  away  in  the  very  dre($ 
he  found  them  in,  and  to  pack  up  all 
their  cloaths  in  a  (IroQg  box,  which 
he  was  to  fend  immediately  to  Rome: 
This  he  had  done,  fufpei^ing  bow  the 
cardinals  would  behave  \  (o  that  when 
be  had  difmiffed  them,  as  we  have  jufl 
now  related,  he  ordered  Ceroli  to  take 
their  cloaths  (which  be  had  in  his  po(^ 
feffion)  to  their  inn  and  dellre  they 
would  drefs  theml^Ives  a^  ufual  in 
them,  even  to  the  very  fame  (boes  and 
linen  ;  and  then  to  carry  back  their 
finery  to  Cardinal  Alcxandrlno's  houfe» 
with  Camilla's  thanks  for  the  yfe  of 
them.  When  this  was  done,  he  fent 
two  of  his  ordinary  coaches  ta  bring 
them  to  the  Vatican,  cloathed  as  they 
were,  to  the  infinite  diverfion  of  great 
numbers  of  people,  that  were  aflem- 
blcd  in  the  ftrccts  tq  fee  that  comedy. 
.  When  thty  were  introduced  a  fecond 
time  to  the  pope,  be  embraced  them 
tenderly,  and  faid  to  Camilla,  **  Now 
we  fee  it  is  our  filler  indeed  :  No  body 
fliall  make  a  princefs  of  you  but  our- 
felves."  After  which  he  admitted 
them  to  kifs  his  feet ;  and  placing 
them  on  each  fide  of  him,  aflcea 
them  feveral  queftions  about  their  fa- 
mily j  who  had  been  their  beft  friends; 

and 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I J  6%. 


POPE    SlXTUS    V. 


and  many  other  particulars  relating  to 
the  village. 

He  had  often  fent  money  to  his  fif- 
ter,  whilft  he    was    cardinal,    but  by 
Kttle  at  a  time,  conftantly  exhorting 
her  to  give  her  children  .the  bed  edu- 
cation me  could  j  and  was  not  a  little 
Sealed  to  hear   them  make  fuch  an- 
rcrs   to  fome  queftibns  of  grammar 
that  he  alkcd   them,    as  flicwed    they 
did  not  want  parts,  and  had  not  been 
altogether  negledcd  :  But  perceiving 
they  were    a  little  over- awed    at    the 
riehneft  of  his  robes,  and  the  Iplendor 
of  the   palace,  he  took   them   by  the 
hand,  and  encouraged  them,  bidding 
them  "  not  to  be  afraid,    bur  behave 
themfclves  well,  and  he  wouUt  be  their 
friend/'     When  he  had  d.fmifled  the 
refl  of  the  company,  he  fpoke  to  Ca- 
milla in  Ihis  manner : 
My  dear  Sider, 
**  When  we  condder  the  very  near 
relationlhip,  and  the  great  tendernefs 
that  has  always  fubfiited  betwixt   us, 
we  think  ourfclves  obliged  to  do  every 
thing  for  you  that  natural  afFc6tion  re- 
quires, and  is  confident  with  the  rules 
and  maxims  of  good  government :   As 
it  would  be  very  unjuft  (now  God  has 
put  it  in  our  power  to  do  good  to  all 
men)  to  overlook  our  own  ile(h  and 
blood  \  efpecially,  as  it  is  highly  agree- 
able to  our  own  inclination  \   and  we 
arc  afTured  that  fuch  a  condudl  is  far 
from  being  difagreeable   in  h^s  fight } 
he  being  called  nuorfe  than  an  ifiljfideii 
that  does  not  prouidefor  tbofe  of  bis  onjon 
bouTe:  But  in  matters  relating  to  our 
paltoral  office,  and  the  government  of 
■the  ftate,  it   is  our  ple.^fure  that  you 
give  neither  us^  nor  yourfelf,  any  man- 
ner of  trouble,  as  we  arc  determined 
not  to  have  any  aflfociatc  in  our  fove- 
reignty :    For  fince  we  have  rcfolved 
not  to  admit  even  thofe  who  feem  to 
have  fome  pretentions  to  a  (hare  in  the 
adminiftration  of  government,  it  would 
occaiion  a  grievous  reproach  to  divide 
the  rule  with  a  woman. 

It  is  our  dcfign,  in  the  firft  place,  td 
make  you  a  prefent  of  the  palaces 
■  where  we  formerly  lived,  which  we 
hive  ordered  to  be  fitted  up  and  fur- 
nifhed  for  you,  in  a  manner  fuitable 
to  the  rank  you  now  hold  j  and  hope 
it  will  not  be  the  lefs  agreeable  to  you, 
for  having  been  a  place  that  «e  our- 
felves  once  took  much  delighting  as 
it  will  give  us,  on  our  part,  the  great- 


435 

eft  pleafure  to  refleft,  that  it  is  now 
the  refidence  and  habitation  of  our 
dear  fidcr.  We  have  in  a  great  mea- 
fure  built  it  with  our  hands  ;  and  de- 
fign  to  make  fi»ch  an  addition  of 
groves,  garden?.  Hatue?,  fountains, 
and  other  embellifhments  to  it,  that 
it  fliall  not  yield  to  any  pahce  in  our 
dominions. 

It  is  not  our  intention,  however, 
that  in  the  midft  of  your  affluence  and 
abundance  of  all  things,  you  diould 
be  lo  foi  getTul  of  the  very  mean  and 
humble  condition  you  once  lived  in, 
as  to  make  you  behave  yourfelf  in  an 
iniolent  or  intempeiate  mannc^r,  as  it 
wopld  bring  an  indelible  /cand.il  upon 
yourielf,  and  give  us  the  fharpeft  and 
molt  cxqrilire  concern  :  For  this  rea* 
fon,  we  (}•  41  appoint  ^ou  a  decent, 
but  refp^-itriblc  court  and  retinue; 
fuch  a  one  as  will  procure  you  fuffici- 
ent  regard,  without  the  danger  of  en- 
vy or  jcaloufy :  This,  we  do  not 
doubt,  you  will  be  prudent  enough  to 
regulate,  according  to  the  penfion  wc 
(hail  fettle  upon  you,  which  will  be  a 
thoufind  crowns  per  month  j  and  wc 
(hall  take  care  to  fecure  it  to  you  in 
fuch  a  manner,  that,  if  it  (hould 
pleafe  God  to  call  for  us  to-morrow, 
you  cannot  be  deprived  of  it  after  our 
dcceafe.  Wc  (hall  give  immediate 
orders  to  the  mafter  of  our  hou(hold, 
to  provide  you  with  proper  attendance, 
horfes,  mules,  two  coaches,  one  for 
journeys,  and  another  for  common  oc- 
cafions,  with  all  other  accommoda- 
tions  that  you  (hall  ftand  in  need  of. 
As  for  your  grand-children,  Sec.  we 
(hall  not  be  wanting  in  our  endeavours 
to  make  fuch  a  provifion  for  them,  as 
is  fuita^^le  to  the  nephews  and  nieces 
of  a  pope. 

We  have  told  you  what  you  have  to 
truftto:  farther  th;^n  this  you  muft 
not  expea.  We  hope,  the  great 
change  in  your  fortune,  this  fudden 
and  unexpe61ed  elevation  from  a  cot- 
tage to  a  palace,  from  a  peafant  to  a 
princers,  will  not  occafion  any  altera- 
tion in  your  difpofiiion,  which  wc 
know  is  naturally  meek  and  humble : 
For,  in  matters  of  government,  if  you 
are  imprudent  enough  (as  wc  irull 
you  will  nor)  to  ^fk  the  le.ift  favour, 
or  make  any  intrrcrlfion  f;-f  criminals, 
or  otherwilc  int^ritc  re  in  our  adrninif- 
tj.uion  of  jurtice,  we  tell  you  «  nee  for 
all,  we  wiii  not  grant  it  j  and  iI;ti^A>ie 
I  i  i  »  gciirt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


436 

defire  you  will  never  attempt  a  thing, 
that  wili  bring  the  mortification  of  a 
rcpuHe  upon  yourfelf,  and  give  us  in- 
finite uneafinefs  in  refufing  you. 

Thi»  caution  we  thought  ncccflfary 
to  give  you,  as  we  are,  from  long  ex- 
perience, fully  acquainted  with  the  ar- 
tifice of  courtiers,  who  generally  have 
recourfe  to  women  that  are  in  favour, 
and  praftife  upon  their  weaknefs,  when 
they  have  any  intereft  to  fervc  5  which 
cuftom  we  are  determined  to  break 
through,  as  it  always,  juftly,  brings 
a  fcandal  upon  any  government,  but 
more  cfpecially  upon  that  of  a  fpiri- 
tual  fovereign.  There  are,  we  know, 
many  people  that  will  endeavour  to 
infinuate  themfelves  into  your  ac- 
quaintance, with  a  view  only  of  ma- 
king a  tool  of  you,  to  bring  about 
their  purpofcs.  The  only  way  to 
put  an  effedVual  (lop  to  this,  is  to 
give  them  a  rcfolute  denial  at  the  firft  j 
to  put  on  a  hard  face,  and  tell  them 
you  have  no  intereft  at  all  with  us  in 
fuch  affairs,  and  that  we  have  abfo- 
lutely  forbid  you  to  afk  us  any  favour 
of  that  kind.  When  they  are  once 
convinced  of  this,  they  will  ceafe  to 
deafen  you  with  their  importunities 
for  the  future." 

In  the  evening,  when  (he  took  her 
leave,  he  embraced  her  again,  and 
Tent  her  handfomely  attended,  in  one 
of  his  coaches,  to  his  pabce  near  St. 
Maria  Maggiorc,  where  (he  lived  a 
month  incog,  without  receiving  any 
vifits :  This  (he  did  for  two  reafons, 
firlt,  that  (lie  might  be  at  leifurc  to  fet- 
tle her  hou(huld,  which,  befides  wo- 
men, confided  of  eight  footmen,  two 
pages,  two  gentlemen- ufhers,  a  ma- 
jor domo,  a  chaplain,  a  fecretary, 
two  chamberlains,  a  butler,  a  cook, 
and  fevcral  others.  The  other  rea- 
fon  was,  that  (he  might  be  a  little 
poli(hcd,  and  inftrufted  how  to  be- 
have herfelf  in  a  proper  manner. 

During  this  interval,  the  Pope  vifit- 
cd  her  three  times  in  private  :  After  it 
was  over,  the  whole  court  came  to 
pay  their  compliments  to  her,  as  the 
Pope's  fifter:  Bat  Sixtus  would  by  no 
means  Puffer  her  to  take  that  (late  up- 
on herfelf,  or  to  be  wor/hipped  and 
adored  in  fuch  a  manner  as  other  wo- 
men had  been,  who  were  relations  of 
his  predectfibrs.  H^r  greatett  plea- 
fure  fcemcd  to  be  in  frequenting  thofe 
churches  where  tiiere  were  the  moft  bril- 
liant ceremonies,  and  the  fineft  choirs. 


Sixtus  courted  on  all  Hands. 


Aug. 

As  the  Pope^s  temper 'came  to  be 
more  known,  every  body  was  contri- 
ving how  to  make  themfelves  accept- 
able to  him.  The  Grand  Duke,  at 
the  requeft  of  his  brother  the  cardinal, 
oflPered  to  make  Camilla  a  marcbio- 
nefs ;  a  marquifate  being  then  vacant 
in  his  dominions,  by  the  death  of 
the  latt  pofl'efTor.  But  Sixtus  civilly 
thanked  him,  and  faid,  **  She  was  not 
ambitious  of  any  other  tkle  than  that 
of  the  Pope's  fifter.'*  The  ambaflTador 
of  Spain  like  wife,  by  his  mader's  or- 
der, offered  her  the  title  of  countefit 
of  fome  place  in  his  kingdom  of  Na* 
pies.  To  thefe  laft  words,  **  His  king- 
dom of  Naples,"  he  made  fome  reply 
that  gave  the  Spaniards  the  firft  ru(pi- 
cion  of  his  averfion  to  their  nation ; 
and  that  he  himfelf  had  fome  defigni 
upon  that  kingdom. 

Amongtt  other  dates  and  princes 
that  vyed  with  each  other,  in  (hewing 
their  zeal  and  forward  nefs  in  fending 
extravagant  compliments  to  him,  the 
Venetians  were  not  the  laft  in  their 
congratulations,  imagining,  perhaps, 
(as  they  thought  he  could  never  tho- 
roughly forgive  their  treatment  of 
him  when  he  was  inquifitor  amongft 
them)  it  was  necefTary  to  clofe  the 
breach,  by  (hewing  him  particular 
honours  and  marks  of  rcfpefl,  upon 
this  occafion:  For  which  reafon,  as 
foon  as  they  heard  of  his  exaltation, 
they  ordered  the  bells  of  all  the  chur- 
ches and  convents  to  ring;  and  the 
whole  fenate  went  to  St.  Mark's,  in 
tWeir  formalities,  to  fing  the  Tc  Dc- 
um,  (ending  two  of  their  fecretaries 
to  compliment  the  fuperior  of  the 
Fran,  ifcans,  and  made  bonfires  and 
illuminations  throughout  the  city, 
that,  and  fcveral  fucceeding  nights. 
After  which  the  fenate,  being  aflem- 
bled,  came  to  a  refolution  of  fending 
a  pompous  embalFy,  to  congratulate 
him  upon  his  accefiion  to  the  papal 
throne }  and,  for  this  purpofe,  ap- 
pointed four  ambafl'adors,  perfons  ef 
the  richeft  and  moll  noble  families  in 
Venice,  viz.  James  Fofcarini,  and 
Mark  Anthony  Barbaro,  both  of  them 
procurators  of  St.  Mark  5  Marino 
Grimani,  and  Leonard  Donato,  who 
were  I  ike  wife  afterwards  fuccefiively 
procurators  of  St.  Mark,  and  Doges 
of  Venice. 

\Jfo  b(  continued  ia  our  next.l 

POETICAL 


X 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768, 


437 


POETICAL     ESSAY  S, 


rbt  RURAL  PHILOSOPHER. 

WILD  o*er  the  rude  keath  rag*d  the  bo- 
real bUft, 
Hit  flubborn  back  the  oak  unwonted  bows, 
The  lordly  ruint  to  the  earth   are  caO, 

Which  frown*d  on  ti^ie,  that  ihagg*d  iheir 
hoary  browi. 
The  howling  (^orm  the  vexed  ocean  tore. 
And  rent  its  bofom  into  furrow*  deep  ; 
Theihatter*d  wrecki  bcftrew*d  the  dreary  Oiore, 
*    And  the  green  nereids  (ought  their  caves  to 

weep: 
"When  Philo,  pndent  fwain,  unmoved,  retired 
Beneath  the  (helterof  his  Araw-crown*d  co^; 
Save,  that  his  eye,  by  generoui  grief  infpir*d, 

Bewaird  the  miseries  of  fuperior  lot. 
And  whilft,  uofpoird  by  art,  bleft  nature*!  child 
fiy  genuine  wifdom  taught,    pourM  forth 
hit  ftrain, 
The  fiend  of  horror  foothM,  had  altnoft  fmird. 

And  devaluation  held  aloof  her  train. 
**  Bleft  be  the  power  divine  wbofe  high  beheft 
Placed  me  beneath  this  bumble  (bed  in  pe^ce, 
Who  by  withholding  birffings  made  mc  blert, 
And  wealth  denying,    made  my  joys  in- 
creafe. 
Tbia  lovely  vale,  fenc'd  by  the  ihelt'ring  hill. 
That  lifts  its  bold  breaft  to  the  mad'ning 
ftof  m  J 
This  ever- verdant  bank  and  ufeful  iill, 

In  fummer  ihaded  and  in  winter  warm  : 
Thefe,   thele  are  bleflings  nature's  hand  be- 
flow'd. 
No  airy  wreaths  by  fame  or  fortune  wove  ) 
Humility  fecuret  my  low  abode, 

And  induftry  does  every  want  remove. 
Around  my  hearth  domeHic  pleafures  wait, 

Sweet  fmlling  infants  prattle  on  my  knee; 
A  much-lov'd  partner  (hares  my  blifsful  ftate, 

And  ftrewing  pleafures  reaps  felicity. 
Few  are  my  wants,  Oili  fewer  are  my  fears, 

While  inncccncc  infures  celeAial  care  j 
The  gods  with  lufty  health  have  crownM  my 
years. 
And  in  contentment  granted  all  my' prayer. 
•  In  this  feqocftcr'd  vale,  this  peaceful  fliade, 
The  foot  of  pride  was  never  ieen  to  rovej 
This  folemn  haunt  no  lawlcfs  lufts  invade, 

No  rude  intemp'r-nce  riots  in  ihi»  grove. 

Ev'n  this  dread  florm,    that  de^ls  deftruftion 

round,  [boughs ; 

Sweeps  lightly  o'er    the   poplats    topmoft 

Heav'n's  awful  thunders  but  rcmo  ely  found. 

And  not  our  fears  but  our  devotion  roufe. 
Thus  bleft  with  pleafure,  fafety,  and  content. 
Why  heaves  my  boToni  with  this  anxious 
figh } 
Why  does  corroding  grief  my  he^rt  torment. 
And  painful  pity  melt  my  Uded  eye  ? 


Why  yt^%  man  born  with  mental  pow*rs  fub- 
lime 

T*  unfold  the  great  Creator^s  volume  fair. 
To  trace  the  annals  of  recorded  time, 

And  paft  events  with  predent  to  compare  ; 

To  mete  the  globe,  and  thro*  their  wond*rous 
maze. 

The  planetary  fyftems  to  purfue ; 
To  read  the  foul  thro*  the  eyes  fpeaking  rays. 

And  like  a  God  the  inmoft  heart  to  «iew  ? 
Thefe  powers  intenfe,  not  for  hlmfelf  alone 

The  gods  implanted  in  the  human  mind. 
Bat  bade  the  focial  bread  all  joysdifown 

That  beam  no  ray  of  blefling  on  his  kind : 
Hence  flow  my  tears -^ what  tho*  around  my 
cell 

Security  extends  her  downy  wing, 
Tho*  in  this  Aiade  contentment  loves  to  dwell, 

Tho*  peace  repofes  and  tho*  pleafures  fiog^ 
'Tis  I  alone  am  bleft — for  you  I  nu>urn, 

Whofe  Jot  fuperior  lifts  your  heads  on  high; 
Whofe   glittering  turrets   to   the  clouds   are 
borne. 

And  ca  ch  the  deathful  meteors  as  they  fly. 
Ye  gaudy  pageants  of  life*s  dubious  hour, 

How  does  each  ruffling  blaft  your  honouts 
rend  \ 
How  often,  flain*d  by  forrow*s  briny  fliower^ 

Ye  hang  your  heads,    and  to  the  duft  def- 
cead  ! 
Ah!    what   avail,    while  mlt^ry  rends  the 
breaft. 

The  boafts  of  anceftry,  th*  imperial  line^ 
The  herald-  blazon'd  coat,  land  warlike  creft ; 

Will  thefe  fucceed  at  her  relentlefs  ihrTne  ; 
Or  what  the  wealth  that  crowns  a  hundred 
hills. 

Or  numerous  (laves  attending  at  our  call. 
When  dire  difeafe  the  aching  bofom  fills. 

Or  death  approaching  threatens  lofs  of  all  ? 
Tell  me,    ye   happieft  fons  of  wealth  and 
pow'r. 

His  utmoft  wiflj  did  av*rice  ever  gain  ? 
When  did  ambition  to  its  fummit  tow'r. 

And  fear  or  envy  ceife  to  give  yon  pain  ? 
Can  fretted  roofs  on  at  tick  cojumns  rear'd. 

Or  fideboards  burden*d  with  Peruvian  ore. 
Can  Phitiias*  or  Apellcs*  arts  endear *d 

Invite  ferenc  contentment  to  your  door  ? 
Ah  !  no ;— from  pomp  the  fober  goddefs  fllesj 

Wc^ltb^    title?,    pow'r,  are   other   names 
for  care ; 
Their  boaHful  offers  /he  alike  decries. 

But  litis  propitious  to  the  peafani's  prayer. 

L 

To  a  Lady  'very  fearful  of  Thunder, 

WHY   (houJd  my  faireft  fliudder  wjt'i 
farprai-,  fVie,  ? 

When  the  red  light*. ;:j)g  g  ar.ces  thio'  the 

Or 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


43*  Poetical  Essays  in  August,    1768. 

u. 


Or  why  thjr  virtvooi  foul  be  fiU*d  with  tdread. 
When  ihunder*  rattle  o'er  thy  ^uiMefthtid  ? 
Ko  (lormi  ihculd  e*er  invade  that  peaceful 

breaft 
That  it  of  confcious  innocence  yoC[<A  s 
Lctligbt'nings  flrike  witk  fear  the  gaihy  foal^ 
And  let  him  tremble  when  the  thtrnden  roH  ) 
Ifit  trooblcd    cooiicteiict    «choea  back  Che 

fonod. 
And  in  the  awful  noife  his  joys  are  drowB*d  | 
His  fleeting  joya  at  «nce  now  difappear, 
Attd  leaiw  the  wretch  a  il»ve  to  fenrile  fear  ; 
The  darkeftprofpe6^«  muft  bis  mind  o*eTfpread| 
Well  may  he  ihtink  and  view  it  then  with 

dread :  {Jt^^, 

But  thou,  my  fair !  Thy  mind  from  guilt  ia 
E'en  envy's  dumb  at  the  approach  of  ihce. ' 
View  then  the  ftormy  and  icmpcfluous  fccnc, 
With  calm  compofure  and  virith  bok  ferene. 

rbe  HERMITE'sADDRESSErt  YOUTH  E. 

Written    in  the  Gardens  of  the  Vauxhall  at 
Bith. 

SA  Y,  gentle  Youthe,   that   tr^ad'ft,  un- 
touched with  care,  f  gay  (cenc  ) 
Where  nature  hathe  io  guert^on  d   Bathe's 
Fedde  with  the  fonge  that  daunccth  in  the 
aire, 
*Midft  faireft  wealthe  of  Flora's  Magazne, 
Hathe  eye  or  eaie  yet  founde,  thine  fleppes  to 

bleOe, 
That  gem  ©f  life,  yclep'd  true  bappinrffef 
With  beautie  reftes  ibe  not; — nor  woes  Co 
lighte 
Herhallowde  taper atproude  honour's  flame; 
Nor  Citce*s  cuppe  dothe  crown  ;  nor  comn  in 
flighte 
Upon  th'  Icaritn  winge  of  bablinge  fame  ; 
Not  flirine  of  golde  doth  this  /air  fainte  em- 
bower, [tbower. 
She  glides  from  heav'n,    but  not  in  D^nac'a 
Go  Uoffome,  wanton  in  fuche  joyous  aire. 
But,  ah!~eft  foone  thy  buxome  bUfU  is 
o'er !  [haire, 
When  the-fleek  pate.fliall  grow  far  'bove  its 
And  creeping  age  (ball  ie?pe  ih^s  piteous 
lore ; 
To  broode  o'er  folli«,  and  with  me  confrflTe, 
"  Earth's  flitt'ringe  dainties  prove  but  fweec 
diftreflTc.** 
Bath>Julyio.      The  Old*  HfRMiTE, 

7be  ENGLISH   PADLOCK. 

Sung  by  Mr.  Vernon  m  Vauxhall. 

I. 

SINCE  artifts,  who  fue  for  the  tropbiea  of 
fame,  [l%rociaIm, 

Their  wir,  and  their  tafte,    and  their  genius 
Attend  to  my  fong,  where  you'll  certainly  And 
A  fecret  difclosM  for  the  good  of  mai  kind  : 
Deny  it  who  can— fure  the  laurel  s  my  due  ! 
I've  found  out  a  padlock  to  keep  a  wife  true* 


Should  the  amorous  goddefs  pre^de  o'er  y«ir 

dame, 
And  the  ardours  of  lotc  all  hct  ftnfea  iiiflamej 
Should  her  beaudea  lead  captive  each  fotur 

And  languifliing  lovers  ftill  figh  and  admire: 
Yet  fcarlefs  youll  truft  her,  though  thoofanda 

"**T  f»«.  Un^, 

When  I  cell  you  tOf  padlock  to  keep  a  wife 

III. 
The  hufl)attd  may  think  diat  ht  wifely  re- 

flra^ns. 
With  his  bars,  and  hii  bolts,  his  coDfinement, 

and  rhaim: 
How  fatally  weak  muft  this  artifice  pro^e  ! 
Can  fetter*  ot  ^t\  bind  Wife  fttttra  of  lote  f 
Throw  jeakhjf^  hence,  bid  rufpicten  adien,-^ 
ReUraint'8  net  the  padlock  td  keep  a  wtfe 

true. 

IV. 
If  her  IFahcy  invitet  to  tfce  park,  bafl.  or  pby. 
All  comoliant  and  kind,    you  muft  give  her 

..       **"^«yi  [prove, 

For  while  yon  thus  wifeiy  h-r  judgment  ap- 
'Tfs  reafon  fetures  you  the  treaimes  of  love  : 
And,  believe  me,    no  coxcomb  admiAoK  can 

'"^"^  »  f  mind. 

For  the  fair  one  is  fafr,   if  you  padlock  ker 

V. 
Tho*    her  virtues    and  faiblca    ikouU    f«i 

qucn:ly  blend. 
Let  the  hh/band  be  lol  in  the  lover  and  friend; 
No  doubtful  furmife  Oiall  your  bofom  pw- 

plfX  — 

'T.s  I  he  charm  of  indulgence  that  bind*  the 
^,     ^""^^  ^«  :  [in  ^ie^  . 

Thcv  nc  er  can  prove  falfe,  with  this  maxim 
**  Good-humour's  the  padlock  to  keep  a  wife 
true." 

1^    P     I     G     R     A     M. 

WE've  been  told  as  a  rule  by  the  wife 
anddifprning,  [lcamin|  r 

1  hat  *hcrcvtr  death  comes  he  flops  all  further 
But  this  is  one  rule  (tho'  acknofc'le^'d  by  iWi 
That  I  would  not  implicltlv  own  to  St.  Paul* 
F.;r  I  know  an  exception  in  old  mother  Riot/ 
Who,  until  in  her  grave,  ne'er  learnt  to  be 
quiet. 

tapping'  Bt. 

An  Anjwer  to  tbe  Conundrum  injemr  Uft  Ma- 
gazine, f,  380. 

A^lock,    S?r  *    is  that  on  which    tyrants 
have  bled,  [fp«d} 

And  C7(ury  the  means  by  which  mifers  have 
A  Tygcr  fhould  always  be  clofely  confin'd. 
And  an  £nvious  heart  to  the  world  is  unkind. 
Thefe  initial?  combined,  without  any  difp«te 

Will  flicw  that  our  ruin  comes  only  from 

Juvcnii  Batbttienfi, 

Aneedttn 


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Xj62.  Anecdotes  (f  Archhifhap  Seeker. 

^ntcdottt  tftbi  lat€  jirebbijb^p  of  Canterbury, 


DR.  Seeker,  the Utearchbifliopef  Canter- 
bury, was  the  eldeft  Ton  of  a  gantikmao 
or  a  fmall  £artuae  in  Nottingbanfbire,  bred  at 
the  free  fchool  of  Chefieriieki  in  EXerbythirc, 
becarse  an  intimate  frirnd  of  Mr.  Beoron  and 
Mr.  Butler,  (fiace  biikops  of  Gioucefter  and 
Puiham)  at  the  academy  in  Gloucftfter(hire, 
%n<i  appiird  bimfelf  afterwar<is  to  the  ftudy 
of  phytic,  which  he  purfued  fiv«  years  al 
l«OAd)Oo,  Paris,  and  Leyden,  and  at  the  laft 
IlUc9  took  the  degree  of  M.  D;  in  March, 
1793.  He  became  acquainted  with  Mr.  £d- 
vard  Talbot  by  having  prtfcrihed  wilb  fuc- 
cefs  to  that  gentleman  at  a  phyftcian  in  tho 
&eigbbourhood  of  London,  whither  Mr.  Tal- 
hot  had  ra<ir«d,  by  Dr.  Mra(i\  advice,  for 
^e  bene5t  of  the  air.  Df.  Mead  finding  hi» 
patient  better,  approved  of,  and  continued 
the  prefcriptfton  j  and  Mr.  Talbot  if»  return 
introduecd  andncommended  Dr.  Seeker  to  hi» 
father  th<  btflM>p  of  Durham,  and  changing  tho 
oourfe  of  hift  ftudies,  he  entered  himfelf  of 
^xeler  coUege,  Oiford,  in  April,  1721;  took 
•rdert,  and  was  made  domeft  c  chaplain  to 
BiAop  Talbot  in  1722  ;  received  frum  hioi 
the  rich  re^iory  of  Houghton  le  Spring  in 
\j%^\  marKied  the  fiAer  of  Dr.  Benlbn  in 
1725,  (who  ditd  in  March  l^.  8,)  and  ex- 
changed hit  re^ry  for  that  of  Ryton,  near 
Newcaftle,  and  a  prebend  of  Durhanr  in  1 72  -". 
In  i-aj  he  went  out  grand  compounder  in 
the  univerfity  of  Oxford  for  the  degree  of 
M.  Sl.  and  on  the  5th  of  July,  i7  33t  took 
the  degrre  of  P.  C  L.  and  on  the  8'h  of 
that  month  preached  the  fermon  at  the  pub- 
lic ad,  being  a  few  month*  before  appoint- 
ed to  the  rectory  of  St.  James's,  on  thf  pro- 
motion of  Dr.  Tyrwhit,  to  be  a  relidentiary 
of  St.  PauFs.  His  later  promoiiona  are  well 
known. 

His  grace  was  buried,  purfuant  to  his  own 
defire,  in  the  paflage  from  the  gard'-n  door 
of  his  pajace  to  the  north  door  ni  rhe  pariHi 
church  at  Lambeth,  and  has  forbidden  any 
monument  or  epitaph  to  be  placed  for  him 
any  where. 

By  hii  will  he  hath  left  all  hia  options  as 
they  become  vacant,  to  be  difpofed  of  by 
the  archbiihop  of  Canterbury,  the  bifhop  of 
London,  and  the  bifhop  of  WincheAer,  for 
the  time  being,  in  truft,  for  them  to  give 
each  option  to  that  perfon,  to  whom  they  fliall 
in  their  confcienceft  think  it  would  have  been 
moft  reafnnable  and  proper  for  him  to  gve  it, 
had  it  fallen  in  his  grace's  lifetime;  has  ap- 
pointed Dr.  Daniel  Burton  and  Mis.  Catha- 
fine  Ta'bot,  (daughter  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ed- 
word  Talbut  mentioned  above)  his  executors, 
and  given  loocl.  to  be  di(^rihu'ed  amongft  hii 
fervants,  in  fuch  manner  a<  Mrs.  Talbot  and. 
her  daughter  Mrs.  Catherine  Talbot  fhall 
thmk  fit :  Has  left  thirteen  thoufand  pounds, 
in  three  per  cent,  annuities,  to  Dr.  Porteus 
aad  l>ty,  Slioton^  his  chaplains^  in  truft,  that 


439 

they  pay  the  intercft  thereof  to  Mrs.  Talbot 

and  her  daughter,  during  thair  joint  lives,  or 
the  kfe  of  the  furvivor  of  them,  and  after 
the  deceafe  of  both  thole  ladies,  then  clcvcA 
thoufand  of  the  faid  thirteen  tkeu/and  pou  idi 
are  to  be  transferred  to  the  following  charts 
table  purpofcs : 

To  the  fociety  for  propagation  of  the  gofpel 
in  foreign  parts,  for  the  general  ulea  of  ih« 
Ibcioty,  loool.—Tothe  Taid  fociety.  towarde 
the  eftabtiihment  of  a  bi(hop,  or  bi(hop«y  ia 
the  ki»g*s  dominions  in  Atnerica,  1000). — T# 
the  fociety  for  promoting  chrtfliin  know- 
ledge, 500I. — Tothelrifcproteftant  working 
fchoois,  500I. — To  the  corporation  of  the  wi- 
dows and  children  of  the  poor  clergy,  500}. 
To  the  fociety  of  the  fte wards  of  the  faid 
charity,  200I. — To  Bromley  college  in  Kenr, 
cool. — To  the  hofpitah  ot  the  aichbiKiop  of 
Canterbury,  at  Croydon,  St.  John  at  Canter- 
bury, and  St.  Nicholas  Harbledown,  500L 
eacb,  1500I. — To  St.  George's  and  London 
hofpitals,  and  the  lying-in  hofpital  in  Biown- 
bw-ftreet,  500I.  each,  15001.-— To  the  afy- 
h>m  in  the  parilh  of  Lambeth,  400L — To 
the  Magdalen  hofpital,  the  Lock  hofpital  near 
Hyde  Park  corner^  and  the  fmall  pojf  and 
inoculation  hofpitil,  to  eich  of  which  hit 
grace  wus  a  (ubicriher,  300I.  each,  ^ool.— 
To  the  incurables  at  St.  Luke's  hofpital, 
500I. — Towards  the  repairing  or  rebuilding 
of  houfes  belonging  to  poor  livings  in  the  dio- 
cefc  of  Canterbury,  20OOI. 

His  grace  has  left  great  part  of  his  library 
to  the  public  library  at  Lambeth,  and,  after 
the  payment  of  fome  other  legacies,  has  left  his 
real  and  the  refidue  of  his  perfonal  eHare  to 
his  nephew,  Mr.  Thomas  Froft,  of  Notting- 
ham. 

Among  the  many  excellent  charities  of  the 
late  archbiftup  of  Canterbury,  the  new  Cha- 
pel at  Stock  well  was  one,  (at  which  place 
his  grace  preached  his  laft  fermon,  from 
Jofhuaxxiv.  vcrfe  15.)  he  being  a  great  pro- 
moter of  that  building,  towards  which  he 
was  a  noble  benefaftor,  befides  his  gift  of  the 
communion  plate,  which  will  be  a  lading  mo- 
nument to  his  grace's  memory  :  And  it  is  re- 
markable that  the  bell  of  that  chapel  went 
for  his  grace's  death  minutely  for  three  hours, 
which  teems  to  indicate,  that  a*,  when  alive, 
hid  fervants  greatly  adored  him,  when  dead, 
they  could  not  too  much  revere  him,  tho' 
with  the  greatoft  grief  lor  the  lofs  of  the  very 
heft  of  mailers.     (See  the  deaths.) 


Bofton,  June  27. 

HI  S  excellency  the  governor  of  this  pro- 
vince»  on  Tuefday  laft,  ordered  a  mef- 
fage  to  be  deli  verged  to  the  houfc  of  repre- 
fenfatives,  rrquiring  them  in  his  majefly't 
name  to  rcfcind  a  refolution  of  the  laft  houfe, 
on  which  their  circular  letter  to  the  other 
governments  was  founded*.  This  meflige  was 
committed  to  a  large  committee,  who  on  the 
day  following  repotted  to  the  houfe,    that  it 

would 
»  Setbefwe,  ^.411. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Proceedings  at  Boston. 


440 

wonld  be  of  great  uic  to  bare  laid  before  them 
a  copy  of  the  king*a  inftruAions  to  the  go- 
vernor on  this  matter,  a  copy  of  the  whole 
of  Lord  Hilliborough*!  Jetter  accompanying 
the  meffage,  and  another  letter  from  bit  lord- 
lliip  which  the  committee  und?rftood  h*d 
been  communicated  to  hii  roajefty's  council, 
and  alfo  copies  of  fuch  letters  as  his  excel- 
lency had  wrote  to  his  lord  (hip  on  the  fubjcft 
conuined  in  the  mcflage. — Upon  this  repot  (, 
the  houfe  fent  a  meflage  to  the  governor,  to 
requeft  of  him  the  aforefaid  papers. — In  con- 
fequence  of  which  he  wis  pleafed  to  fend 
them  another  metTage,  and  the  remainder  of 
Lord  Hilin>jrough*8  letter,  in  which  the  go- 
Tcrnar  had  pofuive  orders  in  cafe  of  a  refufal 
of  the  houle  (o  comply  with  the  requifitioo, 
to  diiTolve  the  general  court  immediately. 
The  fovernor  did  not  chufe  to  favour  the 
hoofe  with  the  fecond  letter  from  his  lordfliip, 
nor  bis  own  letters  00  the  ful^efi  i  but  added 
in  his  meiLge,  that  if  the  hou(e  (hould  ob  ige 
bim  in  purfuance  of  his  orders  to  diliblve 
the  aflembiy,  it  would  not  be  in  his  power 
to  ifltie  precepts  for  calling  a  new  aflTembly 
till  his  mai^fty's  pleafure  diould  be  further 
kiK>wn!— This  laft  melTage  was  committed, 
and  on  the  30  h  of  June,  the  commiitee  re- 
ported a  letter  to  the  right  hon.  the  earl  of 
Hillfboroogh,  fetting  forth  to  his  lordihip  the 
fcveral  votes  and  rclulutions  which  palltd  in 
the  laft  houfe  of  repiefentativeSy  relating  to 
the  circular  letter  j  and  ihewiog  that  the 
whole  of  ihefe  matters  were  ttanfadcd  in  the 
hei^t  of  the  feflion,  in  a  full  houfe,  and  by 
a  brge  majority.  This  letter  vk<a&diflinQly 
cead  leveral  times ;  and  afterwards  accepted 
by  a  majority  oi  ninety -thr a  out  of  ofie  bun' 
drcd  and  fi'uc  members  prefent,  and  a  tair 
copy  was  ordered  to  be  taken  for  the  fpeaker 
to  lign  and  traofmit  to  his  lordibip  as  foon  as 
might  be. 

Then  it  was  moved  that  the  queflion  be  put 
whether  the  houfe  will  refcind  the  rcfolution 
of  the  lad  hi'ufe,  which  gave  biith  to  their 
circular  letter  to  the  feveral  houfes  of  repre- 
feniatives   and  burgciHs  of    the  other  colo- 


Aug. 


nies  on  the  continent  ?  And  paflcd  in  the  ne- 
gative by  a  divifion  of  nintty-two  to  feventetm. 

Hereupon  the  committee  reported  an  aa- 
fwer  Co  the  governor's  meflages  of  the  %  ift 
and  24th  of  June,  which  was  accepted  by  a 
large  majority  }  and  his  excellency  the  gover- 
nor immediareljr  upon  receiving  the  above 
meiTage,  oir  Aed  the  attendance  of  the  houfe 
in  the  council  chamber,  and  prorogued  them 
to  the  3d  diy  of  Augiiid,  but  the  next  day 
the  aflfembly  was  d  (Toived. 

All  the  tree  aflfemblies  upon  the  continent 
who  have  not  been  prevented  by  prorogattO'^s, 
cither  have,  or  are  now  preferring  petitions 
and  remonRrances  of  the  fame  tenor  witb 
thofe  of  the  alTembly  of  this  provii»cc. 

[Tho*  in  Ma 'y land,  the  governor  ufed  the 
fame  methoas  IVlr.  Barnard  had  done,  the 
aflembly  with  a  noble  fpirit,  gave  a  generous 
anfwer  to  (he  circular  letter  of  the  aHembly 
of  MafTicbufett's  bay:  In  fliort,  there  is 
fuch  juft  and  cogent  reafoning,  fuch  a  fpirit 
of  liberty  breathes  thro  the  whole  of  the 
American  productions,  at  this  time,  as  would 
not  have  difgraced  aniienc  Greece  or  Rom/, 
when  ftruggling  againft  oppreflion:  At  the 
fame  lime  that  'he  authors  and  abettors  of 
the  prefent  impolitick  meafures,  in  England, 
are,  as  to  argument  and  language,  even  below 
contempt.  They  are  abfolutely  Caking  Arps 
againd  the  colonies  that  might  have  been  cx- 
pe£ie  from  our  princes  and  their  wretched 
minifters  in  the  I7ch  century,  but  rather  dif- 
grace  the  prelent  reign,  fo  di(bngui(hed  for 
its  blefijrigs  and  its  proteAing  the  lubjeA  in 
the  enjoyment  of  liberty  and  property.  From 
our  own  obfervation  we  will  venture  to  fay, 
that  nine  perfons  in  ten,  even  in  this  country, 
are  friends  to  the  Americans,  and  thoroughly 
convinced  they  have  right  on  their  fide.] 

It  is  with  great  pleafure  we  learn,  that  the 
gentlemen  who  form  the  king*s  council  in 
fome  refpe£Uble  provinces,  have  aderied  the 
rights  and  libcr  Je&  of  the  peof^e  at  this  im* 
portant  crifis  with  as  much  <£rmnefs  as  the 
feveral  houfes  of  adembly. 


THE   MONTHLY   CHRONOLOGER. 


Fa  JDAY,  July  29. 

>9f^^53f  ^   h  ufc  was  coofumed  by  fire, 

^^^^G  »t  Ch  l-Froome,  Somcrfetftire. 

55    A     (3  Monday,  Aug.  I. 

^  ti      The  carl  of  Bute  let  out  for 

V5lJ"5^^1^  Dover,  where  he  embarked  for 
MA.   ^1^   jr,^^,^^ 

A  floim  of  thunder  and  lightning  did 
much  damage  ia  this  c^ty  and  its  environs:  a 
coachman  at  Grcen^^ich  was  ftruck  dead, 
and  an  houfe  in  Gid  Qcdlam-couit,  firoad- 
flreet,  was  icl  on  h<c. 


Friday,  5. 

Ten  or  ehven  houfes,  befides  out-hoofet 
and  warehoufcs,  at  the  back  of  the  K*ngV 
Arms- Inn,  Hjlborn-hill,  were  coofumed  by 
a  dreadful  fire  \  eight  or  tea  perfons,  m«n, 
women,  and  children,  perished  in  the  flames, 
and  feveral  died  by  the  fright,  or  from  acci- 
dents, during  the  time  oi  the  calamity. 

The  parliacnent  was  farther  prorogued  to 
Tuefday,  Sep  '  13.  and  the  convocations  of 
Camcrbury  and  York  to  the  14th. 

TtJItDAT, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ijeSi        Tie  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.         441 


Tuesday,  9* 

Doaald  Maclane  was  tried  at  Guild ford> 
and  acquitted  of  the  murder  of  Mr.  Wilititai 
illlen,  junior,  (fee  p.  426.)  The  bills  againft 
c&fign  Murray,  and  the  two  other  foldiers, 
%vetc  difmiOed  by  the  grand  jury. 
^  Wednesday,   10. 

The  king  of  Denmark,  landed  at  DoTcr 
10  the  evening,  with  a  numaous  retinue, 
from  the  Mary  yatcht.  The  next  d^y  in  the 
cvening^  his  majeAy  arrived  at  St.  jatnes't.Thii 
amiable  young  monarch  has  received  every 
mark  of  affection  and  efteem  t  hat  could  be  pof- 
fibly  paid  him  by  the  king,  ad  ht  other 
toyal  relations,  the  nobility,  Sec,  He  has 
▼ifited  almoft  all  the  public  places  of  entcr- 
Uinmeot,  the  Danifli  churcU  in  Well-clofe- 
frjuare,  iufpe^^ed  tnoH  of  the  public  buildings 
and  curiofittefl  in  London  and  Weftminft-r, 
and  be  n  ma^ni/tccntly  entrrcatned  by  the 
princeft  Amelia,  the  earl  of  Hertford,  and 
many  other  noblemen  t  But  the  prefs  that 
gathered  round  h'm,  wherever  he  moved, 
agreeable  to  the  natural,  but  embariafling  cu- 
riofity  of  the  Engl  (h,  was  fomewhat  irouble- 
fome  to  him.  4  He  intended  to  fet  out  for 
York  races,  but  being  feized  with  a  fl  ght  in- 
difpoHtion,  laid  afide  that  dofign,  generoufly 
ordering  all  the  preparations  made  for  him 
upon  the  roid  to  be  paid  for,  as  if  he  had 
gone^  and  the  proviAons  provided  to  be  given 
to  the  poor. 

Priday,  i». 

By  an  order  of  council  the  importation  of 
the  bides,  horns,  and  hoofs  of  cattie  from 
Denmark,  Stveden.  HolAen,  Mecklcnburgh, 
Cleves,  the  neighbourhood  of  Himburgh, 
and  the  frontiers  of  the  United  Provinces,  is 
prohibired,  an  infe^tioui  ciflemper  having 
broke  out  amoogll  the  horned  cattle  in  tbofe 
countrlei. 

Friday,  19. 

A  great  tiot  happened  in  the  Marihalfea- 
prifon,  in  which  one  itan  was  almoll  killed. 
Three  of  the  aggreHbrs  are  committed  to  the 
New  Goal. 

Sunday,  ^i. 

Part  of  the  Fleet  Priion  fell  down,  and 
the  reft  appeared  in  fo  dangerous  a  fituation, 
that  the  unfortunate  prifoners  have  been  obli- 
ged to  live  in  tents  on  the  Bare,  Sec,  everfince, 
till  proper  apartments  are  provided  for  them. 
Happily  no  lives  were  loO. 

Were  married,  in  the  parifh  church  of 
Hendon,  in  the  county  of  Middiefex,  by  the 
Hev.  Mr.  Aldrich,  ten  young  couple  brloog- 
ing  to  the  faid  parifh  t  to  each  of  the  brides 
was  given  a  wedding  ring  of  ten  (hillings  va- 
lue i  to  each  couple  ten  ihillings  for  their 
wedding  dinner  ;  for  the  purchal'e  of  fime 
ufcful  necetfaries  towards  houfekeeping,  forty 
/hillings  i  and  the  ejipences  of  the  marriage 
fees  defrayed  for  them  :  and  in  order  to  pro- 
mote and  encourage  population,  to  each  cou- 
pie,    at  the   expiration  of  two  years,    upon 

Auguft,   17:%* 


producing  a  healthy  child,  twelve  month  t 
old,  will  be  given  the  further  fum  of  two 
guineas}  and  ac  the  ead  of  three  years,  upoir 
producing  a  fccond  healthy  chiM,  they  will 
receive  a  gratuity  of  three  gtiincas  nv>re.  To 
each  couple  was  given,  beini?  a  (^o-  ation 
from  anot*itr  hand,  a  tri«£l  cared  TUc  Whole 
Du  y  of  Man  y  and  every  other  coopk-  that 
flifliil  be  m.rried  in  the  faid  church,  wil-  be 
entitled  to  the  fuid  donation,  lecured  by  will 
(ot  ever. 

Monday,  aa.- 

Mr,  BIngley  (fee  p,  31*^,)  was  admitted  fo 
bail>  before  Lord  MansJidd,  himfelf  in  twice 
300 1.  and  four  fureties  in  150!.  cac'i,  lor 
..his  appearance  at  the  court  of  King't 
Bench,  Weftminftcr,  on  the  firft  diy  of  next 
term. 

The  whale  fishery  has  been  tolerably  fuc- 
cefsful  this  feifon. 

The  ducheft  of  Northumberland  having 
received  more  threatening  letters  Jrom  the 
fame  hand  (f'2C  p.  y  o.)  the  king*s  pardon, 
and  soo  I.  reward,  are  otfered  for  the  difco- 
very  of  the  writer  or  writers  thereof. 

There  is  now  living  in  Lady  Dacre's  almt- 
houfes,  Weflminfter,  one  Mrs.  Win«.;imore, 
whofe  maiden  name  was  Hyde  j  ihc  was 
grand-daughlcrof  Dr.  Hyde,  bifliop  of  Salif- 
bury,  brother  of  the  great  J-ord  Chancellor 
Hyde,  earl  of  Clarendon,  and  loft  her  fortune 
in  the  Sou th-fca  year,  1720:  Oie  is  alfo  4 
dtftant  coufin  of  their  late  majeOies  Queea 
Mary  and  Qj^een  Anne,  whofe  mother  wai 
Lnly  Anne  Hyde,  ducheia  of  York,  whofe 
royal  confort  was  afterward!  King  James  II* 
A  lively  inftance  of  the  mutabiity  of  all 
worldly  thiogs,  that  a  perfon  related  to  two 
crowned  he^ds  ihould,  by  a  ftrange  caprice  of 
fortune,  be  reduced  to  live  in  an  alms- 
hnufe.  She  retains  her  fenfes  in  a  tolerable 
degree,  and  her  principal  complaint  is,  that 
ihe  has  outlived  all  her  friends,  being  now 
upwards  of  an  hundred  years  of  age. 

On  the  6th  infta  »t,  the  duke  of  Cum- 
berland ainved  at  Portfmouth,  and  on  the 
8(h  embarked  on  board  the  Venus  frigate^ 
for  the  Mediterranean. 

Mr.  Banks,  Dr.  Solano,  aud  Mr.  Green, 
the  aftronomer,  are  fet  out  to  embirk  in  the 
Endeavour,  Cuck,  for  the  South  Seas,  to  ob- 
fervc,  next  fum-Der,  the  traniit  of  Venus, 
and  to  make  difcoveries  to  the  South  and 
Weft  of  Cape  Horn. 

Indances  of  njurther  and  fuicide  have  been 
frequent  this  month ;  many  perfuns  bathing 
themielves,  have  been  drowned,  and  varioua 
accidents  have  deprived  others  of  their  lives 
or  limbs.  Numbers  of  hou'es  have  been 
broke  open  in  town  and  country,  and  the 
highways  and  (Greets  grealy  inteiled  by  rob* 
hers,  many  of  whom,  however,  have  been 
apprehended.  Several  lives  have  been  loft  in 
Scotland,  by  the  late  Hoods. 

A  pardon  and  rewaid  ot  100),  arc  promifed 

K  k  k  foe 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


442  rbe  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.         Aug. 


for  the  dif^overy  of  the  murderer  or  murder- 
erf  of  John  Smith,  excife-officer  at  Scarbo- 
rough, in  the  performance  of  his  duty. 

The  weavers,   called  cattat,  have  killed 
a  man,  near  the  Ducking-pond  oppoAte  the 
London  bofpital. 
SxiraS  of  a  Leittr  fitm  a  GtMt/msn  cf  im- 

J§mhud  VtrMchj  st  Leigh,  in  Eflex,  Aug, 

lo,  «768. 

**  The  three  following  eitraordinary  acci* 
denti  happening  lately  in  our  neighbourhood, 
1  thought  proper  to  fend  yon  an  account  thcie- 
of,  to  be  printed  for  the  information  of  the 
public. 

I.  Some  time  ago  the  miftrefa  of  Letgh- 
Hall,  as  drawing  a  large  cock  for  dinner,  to 
her  great  fright,  found  a  foake  in  her  hand, 
fte  had  uneipe^dty  pi^ed  out  with  the  crop, 
whofe  Uil  not  only  extended  to  the  gixsard, 
hut  was  fo  ftrongly  united  thereto,  as  to  re<^uire 
fome  force  to  (eparatc  them. 

'*  To  account  for  which  phoenomenon, 
may  it  not  be  juftly  thought,  that  the  cock 
had  fwallowed  a  fnake't  egg,  picked  up  off 
the  dunghill,  which  from  confinemeat  and 
prelTure,  had  united  it*s  extremity  with  the 
inner  furface  of  the  gizzard;  while  extend^ 
ing  it's  body  upwards  through  the  crop,  par- 
took of  the  cock's  food  and  water  for  its  own 
ieparate  fuftenance,  and  tn  time  muft  have 
grown  out  of  his  mouth,  had  he  not  cboaked 
the  cock  before  arrived  at  fuch  a  length  ? 

JI.  Lail  May  as  one  of  my  fons,  living  in 
Vrittlewell,  was,  with  company,about  angling 
in  a  large  pond  in  that  panih,  they  found  an 
eel  floating  on  its  I'urface  that  might  weigh 
^  about  a  pound  and  a  half,  containing  another 
^  eel,  two  thirds  lefs,  within  its  body.  This 
^neafy  condition  killed  both,  and  which  could 
■ot  have  happened  long  before  the  diicovery, 
as  after  they  had  pulled  the  leflisr  eel  out  of 
the  throat  and  belly  of  the  larger,  ita  furface 
appeared  freih  without  the  leaft  alteration. 
The  body  of  the  bigger  eel  looked  very  lank 
and  hollo •¥,  after  fo  emptied  of  its  over  dif- 
lending  caijtervts  }  and  its  bead  was  conHdera- 
hly  fwciled  from  fuch  a  large  plug  in  its 
throat. 

«<  May  we  conclude  hence  that  eels  eatone 
another  **? 

III.  About  three  weeks  ago,  a  colt,  three 
yean  old,  entered  the  back  door  of  L^igli- 
kdli  houfe,  that  was  open,  and  no  one  with- 
JY},  and  pafling  tbrough  a  (hort  entry,  went 
into  the  parlour,  where  viewing  his  own 
image  in  a  lar»je  looking-glafs,  worth  Ibme 
pounds,  and  taking  it  for  another  of  his  fpe- 
des,  he  turned  tail,  and  kicked  it  lo  pieces. 
The  noife  brought  in  the  mafter  to  fee  what 
was  the  matter,  when  he  found  the  colt  had 
lamed  himlelf,  and  fpraincd  his  foot,  by 
ftrikiog  it  on  the'  edge  of  a  table  that  fiood 
under  the  looking-glafs,** 

Dreadful  ftorms  of  thunder  and  lightning, 
lava  happened  in  f  arious  parts  of  thele  king- 


doms :  On  BagOiot  heath  a  number  of  hotfe 
and  (keep  were  killed  by  lightning:  A  barn 
at  King-Rtpton,  Huntingdonfliire,  was  bonit. 
A  boy  was  ftrock  dead,  and  other  damage 
fuflained  at  Norwich :  Great  damage  was  fnf- 
tained  by  lightning  at  Portfinaouth,  and  other 
places  in  Hamp(hire  t  At  Worle,  in  Sonaer- 
Aife,  three  oxen  were  kified  t  And  ia  the 
neighbourhood  of  Claflonbttry  )Oool.  da- 
mage was  fuftained  by  ftoods:  Gloucetet&irc 
Lancaihire,  and  Yorkshire,  fuffered  extreme- 
ly, as  did  fome  parts  of  Shropftire,  Hereford- 
Aire,  Carmarthenihire,  MonmouthiiirCy  axsd 
Glamorganihire,  by  floods  and  innbdatiotw 
particulargr.  Two  per  fons  were  Urtickdcad 
by  lightnitig,  near  Berwick,  and  at  Selkirk^ 
Edinburgh,  and  other  places  in  Scotland, 
much  damage  was  fuflained,  by  flormt,  floods^ 
and  inondatioat,  more  dreadful  than  can  be 
remembered  i  At  Douglas  ;n  the  llle  of  Man, 
a  gentlewoman  and  feveral  cattle  were  fhvck 
dead;  in  fine,  there  is  hardly  any  part  of  the 
Britilh  dominions^  from  whepce  complatnta 
haTe  not  been  received  of  thefe  elementarjr 
dangers  and  ^iflreflTct.     (Sec  p.  3S3.) 

At  the  aflizes  at  Shrewfl»ury,  two  perlbni 
were  capitally  convicted,  but  one  of  them  re- 
prieved :  At  Stafford  two  \  at  Worcefter  three* 
but  all  reprieved }  at  Gloucefler  five  ;  at 
Bridgwater  one  $  at  Ayleibury  one,  hot  re- 
prieved I  at  Bedford  one  {  at  Cambridge  oxyc, 
but  reprieved  |  at  Chelmsford  eight ;  at  New 
Sarum  three,  two  of  whom  were  reprieved  | 
at  Norwich  three,  two  of  whom  were  re- 
prieved; at  Bury  two,  one  of  whooi  waa 
reprieved  ;  at  York,  one  for  murder,  and  elc<| 
vcA  others ;  at  Winchefler  leven  ;  at  Kortb- 
ampton  two,  but  reprieved;  at  Guildford 
eighr,  five  oi  whom  were  reprieved  |  for 
Devon  two ;  at  Durham  three ;  at  Hereford 
two ;  at  Monmouth  one ;  at  Maidftone  eight| 
Lincoln,  Oodmyn,  Dorchefter,  Exeter,  Der- 
by, Leiceilerlhire,  and  Berwick,  were  naaideo 
aifizes.     (See  p.  383.]^ 

ExtraO  tf  s  Letter  from  James  Fort,  in  Sene* 
gal,  datei  M»y  19,  176&. 

**  I  take  th's  cg^rtunity,  by  a  fhip  bonnd 
to  the  Weft-Indies,  to  inform  you,  on  mj 
arrival  at  S;:ncg3l,  the  hon.  governor  0*Hara 
ordered  me  with  a  detachment  to  reiieve 
Jamea  Fort,  in  the  river  Gambia  ;  and  at  mj 
arrival  there,  found  the  Lieutenant  Gorernor^ 
and  the  garrifon,  in  the  gteateft  diflrefa^  be* 
ing  then  five  days  without  any  water,  as  00 
v^ater  is  to  be  had  on  this  ifland,  but  what  ia 
fupplied  irom  the  main  condnent ;  and  now 
being  at  war  with  the  king  of  Baragh,  mad 
that  whole  country,  this  garrifon  is  greatly 
diflreifed,  having  all  the  veflels  that  fupplied 
fis  taken,  and  numbers  of  our  people  aiade 
prifoners.  The  Lieutenant  Governor  ordered 
me,  and  the  troops  under  my  command*  oa 
the  following  expedition :  to  attack  a  princi* 
pal  town  belonging  to  the  eneaiyj  and  lia* 


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17^9. 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 


443 


ving  landed  them  before  day- light  in  the 
iDorning,  oo  the  23d  of  April,  being  St. 
George's  day,  every  man  had  a  S:.  George*! 
crofs  in  his  hat,  we  furroundcd  the  town, 
hot  was  rather  too  Toon,  being  difcovered  by 
the  out'goards  and  the  barldog  of  the  dogs : 
but  to  complete  my  de6gn,  and  my  order*, 
immediitely  began  the  attack,  when  a  fmart 
engagement,  and  a  warm  fire,  eofued.  In 
left  than  an  hour  I  wu  mafter  of  the  place^ 
burnt  the  town  to  aihes,  deflroyed  erery  thing 
that  I  could  in  that  time  come  at,  killed 
a  number,  made  many  f  rifoners,  and  embark- 
ed the  troops  and  prifonen  with  little  or  no 
k>rs.  The  prifonert  are  all  here,  among 
whom  is  the  queen  of  Baragh,  who  had  been 
npo  a  vifit  in  this  place,  it  being  like  Bath 
in  England,  where  the  better  fort  of  people 
come  lor  the  benefit  of  theii  health.  Her 
xnajefty  was  fo  anfortonate  as  to  have  three 
of  her  fingers  tore  off  by  one  of  our  hand 
grenades.  I  have  taken  all  the  care*  in  my 
rower  of  her,  alfo  the  governor,  and  ihe  it 
now  attended  by  our  furgeons.** 

Extraff  cf  a  Letter  fnm  an  Officer  In  the  Eaft 
lodU  Company*t  AftiUtrj  to  bit  Friend  in 
Edinburgh,    dated    Mofighyr,     Dec   16, 

^*  About  the  end  of  O^ober  laft,  we  re- 
ceived orders  to  hold  in  re^^iP^^s  to  march  | 
our  affairs  on  the  Coroman^^l  coaft  being  in 
»  very  precarious  Hate.  Part  of  tb<:  ^rft  bri- 
gade accordingly  left  this  garrifon,  and  march- 
ed immediately  for  Calcutta^  or'th^r  ^^y  ^o' 
Mafulipatan^  the  reft  foUo-ved  on  the  td  of 
NoTember,  leaving  me  here  ariillcry>omcer, 
mad  commiflaxy  of  (lores.  Since  the  brigade 
went  away,  we  have  had  the  news  of  a  com- 
plete viftory  gained  over  the  forces  of  Nacim 
Ally*  by  ColoniJ  Jofeph  Smith,  which  will 
|>robably  put  a  flop  to  the  embarkation  of  the 
remaining  forces  now  ready  at  Calcutta.  In 
Bengal  ail  has  been  very  quiet  for  the(is  two 
vear s  paft,  except  the  p^tty  princes,  who 
nave  been  very  irregular  in  the  payment  of 
the  revenues ;  however  in  moft  placet  they 
have  been  reduced  to  obedience  and  ^ated 
payments,  though  others  among  them,  more 
oMinate,  have  abfconded,  or  ^ed  farther  up 
the  country. 

Monghyr,  whence  J  write,  \p  #  very  large 
fort,  and  formerly  put  in  good  order  by  Cof- 
$m  Ally,  and  mounted  with  upwaids  of  300 
funs.  Thcfe  are  now  all  Tent  to  the  prefiden* 
iCy.  except  about  6b,  which  are  kept  for  oc- 
cafional  fcrvice. 

i|ere  Coflim  trained  his  forces,  and  em- 
ployed all  his  artificers  before  the  laft  war  in 
this  kingdom^  but  it  is  now  going  faft  to  decay. 
The  co.untiy  round  affords  a  fine  ptofped^b  of 
J^ilts  a^d  woods  inter fper fed  :  We  have  for 
game,  6tttf  hare,  wild  hogs,  peacocks,  tec* 
f  nd  of  vegetables,  pcafe,  cabbage,  caul.fiower, 
carror,  turnip,  8cz.  all  which  are  iuff  fM)W  in 
£crfe<^ioay  though  th^  weather  it  io  cxtteme* 


ly  cold  that  I  am  obliged  to  write  in  a  quilted 
coat  and  veft.  with  trembling  fingers;  at 
night  we  fct  afide  the  claret,  and  are  forced 
to  apply  to  hot  rum  punch  for  relief.** 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 

CONST ANTINOPLE9  June  16.  One 
of  the  Sultanas  is  delivered  of  a  daugh- 
ter. On  this  occafion  fireworks  have  been 
exhibited  on  four  feveral  fcaffolds,  on  three 
of  which  there  were  pyramids,  A:c.  and  the 
fourth  was  to  reprefent  the  atuck  and  defence 
of  the  caftle  of  Malta.  About  nine  o^dock 
they  began  to  be  difplayed.  The  caftle  wat 
to  have  been  burnt  in  about  half  an  hour,  but 
the  burning  was  gradual,  and  lafted,  contrary 
to  what  was  intended,  near  three  houn,  fo 
that  the  effed  was  fpoilcd,  and  at  laft  ended 
with  a  melancholy  accident ;  a  powder  cheft 
having  taken  fire,  the  whole  edifice  wat 
blown  up,  and  above  forty  workmen  were 
killed. 

Extras  tfa  LttUrfrwm  Warfaw,  July  9. 

«  At  a  time  when  we  hoped  to  fee  the 
public  tranquillity  reftored  by  the  confedera- 
cies not  being  able  to  fbnd  their  ground,  we 
have  received  advice  of  an  event  which  may 
prove  more  fatal  than  any  confederacy.  It 
it,  that  the  peafants  of  the  Greek  religion  in 
Polifh  Ukraine,  and  in  the  province  of  iCio* 
▼ia,  have  taken  up  arms  and  committed  great 
outrages.  Thefe  people  having  been  formerly 
ill-ufed  by  the  nobles  and  gentlemen,  and  by 
the  Jews  whom  they  employed  as  Stewarda 
of  their  eftites,  and  alfo  by  the  Ecdefiaftici , 
are  now  taking  their  rirenge  of  them  all, 
treating  them  with  grtat  cruelty,  plundering 
their  eftates,  and  even  piitting  fome  of  them 
to  death.  They  could  not  revolt  fooner  with 
any  pro(f  e€l  of  fuccefs^  becaufe  the  gentlemen 
were  provided  with  men  and  arms  to  defend 
themfelvea,  but  both  thefe  being  taken  off 
by  the  confederates  of  Bar,  the  peat'ants  look* 
ed'upoo  thia  at  the  bell  opportunity  they 
could  take  to  rMe,  and  indeed  they  have  met 
with  no  refinance.  It  is  not  doubted  that 
the  court  of  Kuifia  will  fend  a  body  of  their 
troops  to  fupt'^^^s  thia  infurre^ion  at  iooa  at 
it  comet  to  th^  fowled  ge»** 

Warfaw,  Jdljr  ii*  The  confederatet  of 
Cracow  permit  n(>l*ndy  to  pafs  through  that 
city,  not  even  the  ^^A-hoyt  \  which  obligee 
the  merchantt  to  ^^t)d  their  letters  by  the 
way  of  Breflau  to  Vt^ana  and  Italy.  It*s  re- 
ported that  they  hate  very  inhumanly  treated 
a  Lutheran  of  the  town,  hit  wife,  and  fami- 
ly. They  have  alio  made  themfelves  mafiert 
of  the  public  chefls.  and  the  revenues  of  the 
falt-works,  at  Vielicka,  and  plundered  and 
deftroyed  in  the  environs  of  Cracow  all  the 
pofleifions  of  the!  proteffant  gentry,  one  of 
whom,  in  order  to  fecure  hi«  effedls  from  pil- 
lage, had  even  fubfctibcd  to  the  confederacy, 
(Seep.  386.)      ' 

J^  k  k  ft 


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444- 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 


Aug. 


Af^out  500  RuHiin  Cortackt  have  joined 
Gen  Braniclvi,  and  all  the  other  Ruffian 
troops  arc  gtii^g  tofuriound  Cracow.  Piincc 
LubomirHc',  marnial  of  the  corf  deracy  of 
Sanock,  has  taken  puiTciiion  of  Landihuth, 
th<^  palace  of  the  fnrce  Kii  uncle,  grand 
lDar(hal  of  the  crown,  carried  away  all  the 
arms  and  arnmuni  ion  he  found  there,  and 
oblig(?d  the  ToHiere  10  cu'ift  un  cr  h  in. 

Warfavv,  July  1 7.  The  trouble!  which 
reign  in  thii  date,  inAead  ot  d:niintfhing» 
Sncrea'.e  nnoie  and  more,  and  prefenc  a  very 
inelancholy  tnd  lerrifyiffg  pl^ure.  The  pa- 
ternal heart  of  the  king  fufti-ra  infinitely  j 
but  by  the  conilitucion  and  forrn  of  govern- 
ment, the  remedy  of  theiie  evils  depends  not 
on  his  m.^jefty  alone. 

Jarodow,  July  14.  They  have  already 
taken  ^00  of  the  tr.oh  noted  riotous  Boors  in 
the  Ukraine,  and  hanged  about  60  of  thero  ; 
by  which,  and  the  vik;ilance  of  the  Rufiians, 
the  diilurbances  there  will  be  fuon  queiled. 
In  the  interim  there  is  a  diftri^l  of  40  miles 
in  great  c  infufion,  where  upwards  of  1 1,000 
men  are  gathered  together. 

Warfaw,  July  20  Marffal  Kretietnikow, 
at  the  head  ot  his  corps*  is  now  at  Tarnopel, 
from  whence  a  line  is  formed  to  the  confines 
of  Tran  ylvania.  In  the  anean  whi!e,  Ge* 
neral  Apraxin  and  Count  Branicki,  have 
taken  their  refpcd^ivc  poft«j  the  former  near 
.Moldau,  to  hinde^  the  palfage  of  the  Bar 
Confederacy  into  Poland}  and  the  latter  in 
the  Ukraine,  towards  Taiiaty,  to  fuppiefs 
the  infurred^ion  cf  the  peafantF. 

Every  thing  is  quiet  in  this  city,  but  the 
tribuoah  aie  without  employment,  and  trade 
Js  going  to  decay. 

Breflau,  Aug.  v  A  few  days  fi nee  there 
was  a  meeting  of  feveral  gentlemen  of  the 
duchy,  in  order  to  divide  the  fund  edablifhed 
by  the  king  of  Pruilia  for  the  rtiief  of  fuch 
families  as  have  been  ruined  by  war,  or  other 
calamity,  Tome  of  whom  have  received  from 
ten  to  fh  rty  tbouf^nd  lixdoUari.  A  diftri- 
bution  of  part  of  the  fame  fund  was  made, 
a^out  e'ght  days  fince  ar  Clo^au.  Few  ex- 
amples of  fuch  an  eilablifbment  are  recorded 
in  hidiiry.  A  little  after  the  conclufion  of 
the  peace,  his  majeOy  ordered  ^  n'lmber  of 
horfcs  to  be  given  to  the  pea%nts  of  Slcfia, 
in  the  room  of  thofe  the];)lad  loft  during  the 
vrar,  iad  likewife  (ignififd  that  feveral  Ma- 
l^azines  of  corn  ihould  be  divided  among 
them,  in  order  that  his  poor  fubjedU  might 
be  relieved  to  the  uti&oft  of  his  power. 

WcOeJ,  June  11  •«  The  king  (of  Pruflia) 
our  moft  gracious  fovereign,  ainve<^here  the 
9th  in  perfeA  health,  to  the  great  joy  of  his 
xnoft  faithful  fubjeQs.  His  majef^y  pafTed 
the  nth,  i2th.  and  ijth,  in  reviewing  the 
troops  in  our  garrifon,  confiding  of  4C00  ef- 
fe&ive  men,  bting  the  re^inr|ents  of  the  L:nd- 
grave  of  HrfTcCalUe,  Ickmen  snd  Brinfi, 
The  alertnefs  t»f  ihofc  troops  infinitely  fur- 
p (Ted  his  msjcfl/tejtpc^lioii^    they  iired 

4 


and  (bouldered  four  times  in  a  m?niite;  the 
king  expiefTcd  the  high  ttiztitf^A'im,  and  in 
bis  extiCy  laid,  (hat  ne  believed  his  foldicrs 
couid  tire  hve  times  in  a  mtnute,  couM  bis 
oflice<s  gi»e  the  word  with  tf>€  lame  expedi- 
tion. The  15th  hi«  majefty  werrt  to  Loo, 
to  vi  .t  the  Stadtholccr  and  his  neice,  wnerc 
he  Wds  leccived  with  the  greateft  dcmofiftra* 
tiors  of  joy  by  a  mjliivodc  of  people  of  all 
rank*. —  A  remarkable  inftance  of  the  huma- 
niry  of  the  king  plainly  .  ppeatcd  in  a  very 
aifcding  ficntr,  between  h  m  and  the  princefs 
of  Oungr,  at  the  moment  that  he  was  ready 
to  ft^p  ii:to  his  coach,  the  princefs  (whom 
the  king  ^lwa>s  diAinguiflied)  could  not  for- 
bear a  (hower  of  tears  at  the  laft  embrace  of 
the  king,  which  fo  affedcd  our  mooarcb, 
that  it  was  with  pain  he  could  fay  adieu, 
and  was  obliged  to  put  his  handkerchief  to 
his  eyes,  to  hide  the  emotion  of  his  heart. 
The  king  returned  hither  the  x6tb»  arrd 
gave  3  •  crov^ns  to  each  regiment,  as  a  re- 
Ward  for  their  dexterity  in  their  duty  :  Hit 
majOy  alfo  m«de  a  prefcnt  of  a  magnificent 
gold  fnufT  box  to  General  Plaiftow,  who  bad 
ferved  him  in  the  late  war,  and  fliewed  him 
many  other  marks  of  his  royal  favour.  A 
complaint  being  made  to  the  kiqg,  that  great 
difturbances  had  been  made  at  ajmoft  every  , 
•(Tembly  at  Clev::s  and  Wefl*d,  owiog  to  4 
difpute  between  the  ladies  of  the  chancellor 
of  Ciev(8  and  the  prefident  of  the  chamber 
of  fina»<'i-«,  about  the  rank  or  pafs,  hs  ma* 
jefly  was  scfe-ched  to  dec  de  that  point, 
which  would  fov  the  future  be  a  law.  Oor 
great  king  w  ft!y  ordered,  that  the  greateft 
fool  ihould  alwayi  have  the  rank  or  pafs  of 
the  other  j  from  which  determination  we 
wait  an  ifTue,'* 

Fribourg,  July  30.  The  celebrate^  abbey 
.  of  Sr.  Blaiie,  fituaied  in  the  Bl>ck  Foreft, 
nine  leagues  fiom  this  place,  \ris  on  the 
24th  of  this  month  reduced  to  aihes,  toge* 
ther  with  the  church,  the  caille,  and  other 
buildings.  The  books  and  archives  were 
burnt.  This  edifice  has  been  built  but 
tt)irty-nine  years,  and  we  fear  it  was  wiU 
fully  fet  on  fire. 

Rome,  July  5.  The  court  0^  Naples  hath 
jufl  pubJifhed  a  new  edid  to  profcribe  the 
brief  againO  the  duke  of  Parma,  which  if 
therein  declared  to  be  fpurious,  a>)d  the  fub* 
jefts  are  forbidden  to  give  tny  credit  thereto. 
The  Boll  in  Caeiia  Pcmini  is  alio  fupprcfled. 
In  fiiort,  this  edi<:t  declares,  «<  That  the 
pope  is  only  the  premier  among  the  bifliOpsi 
that  he  hath  lets  authority  thaii  the  univer- 
fal  council;  and  that  he  harh  no  c'ire^lja- 
rifdidion  over  the  fubjeds  of  other  princes.** 

Genos,  July  a.  Befides  the  ftxteen  bat* 
tallions  Of  French  troops,  which  are  already 
arrived  in  Corfica,  fifteen  more  arc  exue^ted 
there,  and  the  400  miquelefs  in  that  fetvice 
are  to  be  augmented  to  zcoo.  Spain  is  like* 
wife  to  fend  them  fcverally  other  fmall  corplj, 
fv  thdt  it  will  be  yerv  di^ctUt  for  the  Mai* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Review  of  new  Publications. 


contenti  to  fopport  th^feltes  a^infi  ib  ma- 
ny anited  forces. 

Naplet,  July  1$.  When  the  king's  troopt 
£ift  took  pulTiifion  of  Benevcnto  and  Pontc- 
conro,  it  was  taken  for  granted  tbat  they 
would  be  del.vered  up  again  as  Toon  as  the 
liiffereoces  were  accommodated  which  gave 
rife  to  their  being  taken  }  but  by  an  td\€t  juft 
pubh(h:d,  we  find  that  his  majedy  is  deter- 
mined to  annex  Fontecorvo  10  his  dominions, 

Colorno,  July  10.  Tlie  duke  ot  Modeoa 
has  iflued  an  edi£t»  by  which  fuch  of  the  ef- 
tcAs  of  ecclefiaftica,  as  have  been  acquired 
within  a  certain  Dumber  ot  years,  are  fub- 
je&ed  to  the  fame  bu  thens  as  the  efiefts  of 
bis  lay  fub)e£ts.  This  mealure  b«a  been 
taken  to  discharge  fome  heavy  deb%  which 
the  ftate  has  been  obliged  to  bonow,  and  it 
other  wife  unable- to  pay. 

Triefte,  July  ^^,  Francxe  Archangel!, 
who  murdered  the  Abbe  Winckelmao>  on 
the  9tb  of  lali  month,  has  been  condemned 
to  be  br*ke  €n  the  whe^l,  and  the  fentence 
was  executed  the  day  before  ycAetday.  (See 
p.  386.) 

Venice,  Auguft  5.  Our  fenate,  as  a  mark 
of  their  latisfa£tion  for  the  pains  Archibald 
Campbell  FraCer,  Efq;  his  Britannick  ma« 
Jeff's  conful  at  Algitrr,  has  taken  in  bringing 
about  the  Ute  renewal  of  peace  between  the 
tepublick  and  the  \)ty,  have  m^de  him  a 
prefent  of  a  diamood  ring,  faid  to  be  worth 
tipwards  cf  five  huniited  pounds  (lerling. 

Cadix,  June  17.  The  day  befoie  yefter^ 
diy  failed  from  this  bay  for  Corfica,  ixoo 
American  Jefuits,  who  had  been  coUeded  at 


445 

Port  S.  Mary*s.  This  fleet  is  compofed  of 
eight  irantports,  efcorted  by  the  ihip  of  war 
the  £Iixabeth.  No  others  of  this  order  nowr 
remain  there,  excepting  a  few  fick  perfone, 
who  will  be  foon  feut  o^  for  the  fame  ifland 
along  with  151  more,  lately  bruught  here  by 
the  Vengeance  and  Good  Succefs  vedels. 

Madrid,  July  i8.-  An  embargo  was  yef* 
terd^y  laid  on  ali  our  fkips,  whtctt  it*s  (aid  are 
going  to  be  taken  up  on  the  king's  account^ 
to  tranfpon  ammunition,  &c.  to  Cad  z,  Ma- 
laga, C'rthagen^^  and  Ferrolj  and  orders 
ate  difp^tched  for  better  guarding  the  coafts^ 
and  efpecially  the  ifland  or  Majorca.  ^ 

Paris,  Aug.  i;.  The  king's  troops  which 
were  in  the  town  of  Baflia  in  Corfica  not 
having  a  communication  wi'h  tho%  in  St* 
Florent,  although  the  diflance  between  them 
was  only  three-  laaguet.  Count  de  Marboeuf 
iignified  in  writing  to  M.  Paoli,  the  ncceflity 
of  fecuring  fuch  communication  ;  but  Paoli^ 
without  returning  any  anfwer,  immediately 
caufed  an  attack  to  be  made  00  the  French 
troops.  Upon  this  proceeding,  count  de 
Marboeuf,  who  was  at  Baflia,  and  Field 
Marfhaf,  de  Grand  Maifon,  who  was  at  St* 
Florent,  carried  ofF  feven  redoubts  frum  the 
Corficansy  fword  tn  hand^  took  pofTelBon  of  the 
towns  of  Patrimonio  and  Barbaggio,  and  ef- 
tablifhed  the  communication.  Twelve  hun- 
dred men  were  employed  in  this  operation,  of 
whom  twenty  were  killed,  and  forty  wounded^ 
The  C  rllcant  were  reckoned  at  4000. 

[In  a  letter  from  Leghorn,  the  Corficani 
on  the  contrary  are  faid  to  hare  obtained  the 
advantage,  j 


An  IMPARTIAL  REVIEWe/*  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


ARTICLE    I. 

CT'RUE  Delicacy  i  cr,  the  hijiory  of  Lsdy 
"^  Francis  Tylncy  and  Henry  Cecil,  Ej<i\ 
%  Vols*     %mo,     Nublc. 

Th!«  new  fpawn  of  the  circulatiAg  library 
It  filled  like  the  generality  of  fuch  prod  actions 
with  a  great  deal  of  foft  nonfenfe  j  the  non- 
ftnCt,  however,  is  no  ,way  dangerous  to  the 
morals,  (o  thar  thofe  who  are  kind  enough  to 
be  fatisfied  i\ilh  the  recoromcndaiion  of  a 
negative  merit,  have  our  hearty  confcnl  not 
only  to  re^d  but  to  purchafe  it. 

H.  Liberty:  A  ?otm,  Infcribed  to  John 
WWket,  Ejy,  ^t6  u.6d.     Flexncy. 

The  catcnpcnny  ptoduftion  of  fome  fcrib- 
bler  mofl  patiiotically  fmitten  with  tlic  public 
virtues  of  Dear  Jack  iVtIkeif  poor  Bob  Lloyd, 
and  hoTufl  Charles  CburcbiJ^'VhoCe  who  re- 
quire a  more  particular  charafter  of  our  au- 
thor's^ abilities  iball  form  an  opinion  for 
them  (elves  from  the  following  paiTage  in  hia 
peiformance. 

«*  AH,  all  too  weak  my  in<"am  ftrain  afpires; 

No  {cn(c  enlivens,    Xnd  no  genius  fires  j'* . 
No  author  ever  gave  a  juAer  account  of  hit 
QWa  wriiings. 


*'  Too  great  the  talk,  for  me  to  make  th« 
heart  art!" 

«•  Difpenfe  fweet  numbers,  by  the  rules  of 
Very  true  Mr.  Poet^but  why  in  the  name 
of  wonHer  would  you  attempt  it  ? 

**  The  words  traofpofed^    with    quaintefi 
qmaintnefsjiow, 

**  A  quaintnefs  fuited  to  the  gript  of  woe'* 
So  his  mufe  his  troubled  with  the  j^pes, 

<*  And  when  flrong  pillions  ought  to  be 
portrjy'd, 

"  Bid  fancy  wander  foppilhly  array'd,*' 
Rijum  teneatis  amici  I 

IH.  Rema  kt  on  the  riot  j^  with  an  Appli" 
cation  to  certain  decent  and  alarming  FaQsy  is* 
6d.  %yo,  Kearney. 

This  p4mphlec  is  ofliered  in  with  two  quo- 
tations, one  f)om  a  genius  of  eflabliniird  re- 
putation, Dr.  Johnson,  and  the  other  from 
a  haberdiflier  in  the  fnnall  wares  of  litera- 
ture, Mr.  William  KENaicic.  ^rom  (q 
unnaccountable  an  aiTociation  of  fuch  very 
d  ffeient  wiitdrs,  we  are  tempted  to  think 
Mr  Kenrick  is  himfelf  the  fabricator  cf  the 
produClion  at  prcfeot  befure  us,    as  we   are 

pictty 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


446 


VARiotrs  Articles. 


Aug; 


^ettj  certaio  there  It  Qot  any  Other  ondcr^ 
ilrapper  of  the  mufet  in  En^Uod  who  could 
4«  we»k  enough,  or  prefumptuout  enough  to 
Introduce  the  poor  ^tUr  tegnbtr  of  the  /#7* 
dtwtd  iVih  into  company  with  the  aafterly 
■uthor  of  the  Kamhler.-^BeTidei  thii^  the 
pamphlet  on  the  riot  aA,  like  the  generality 
of  Mr.  Kenrick't  pieces  is  ftrengly  marked 
l>y  an  extraordinary  portion  of  pertnefs  and 
Taniry— he  mentions  the  moil  imMrUnt  af- 
fairs, with  as  much  familiirity  as  If  he  was 
•£taaUy  ac<iu^nted  with  the  fecrets  of -govern- 
inent,  and  modeftly  makes  premifes  fur  him- 
lelf  that  he  mty  f amour  the  wojld  with  fuck 
^ndufions  as  are  necrflary  to  Support  hia 
own  fide  of  the  queftioiu 

His  pamphlet,  however,  is  -not  Xo  mucK 
•  remark  upon  the  riot  af>,  as  an  artfwrr  to 
m  cmrfori /Jutcb  of  Mr,  CiUam  s  trisl,  in  moft 
of  our  periodical  publications  {  ont  of  the  fifty 
Hx.  pages  which  this  poliiical  catchpenny  con- 
tainSf  forty  three  are  employed  in  a  commen- 
tary upon  theCutfory  $tcetch,  but  in  fuch  a 
commenury,  as  muft  inftantly  excite  the  pity^ 
or  ridicule  of  the  public.  -  The  maontam 
hu  laboured  without  producing  a  moufe,  and 
the  only  perfons  who  are  likely  to  perufe  the 
article  under  confideration  are  the  unfortu- 
nate revieweri,  who  maCt  wade  rhrough  the 
mire  of  the  moft  drfpicible  fcribblers. 

IV,  Manoiret  pour  firvir  s  FHtfime  dt 
C»rfe,  170  pages,  8vo.  Hooper. 

This  little  work,  we  are  told,  it  now 
Crandating  for  the  beaeBt  of  the  Englifh 
reader.—  In  the  French  it  is  pretty  enough, 
end  will  probably,  while  the  aflairt  of  Cor- 
fca  engrofs  fo  much  attention,  meet 
"with  confiderable  encouragement  from  th^ 
public. 

v.  Effayt  on  the  puerperal  Fever^  and  m 
puerperal  O'TtvulfiM.  By  Tho.  Den  man,  M.D, 
74  pages,  8vo.   Walter, 

This  feemt  an  ingenious  little  work,  and 
ft  dedicated  to  that  very  eminent  mafler  of  hit 
profeffion  Dr.  Hunter,  phyfician  (o  her  ma- 

VI.  A  Tranfiattcn  of  Scheffcr't  treatije 
§n  tbi  Emendation  of  Dioptrical  Tel/f copes,  $cc. 
By  Samuel  Hardy,  Reffcr  ef  Little  Blaken- 
ham  M  Suffolk,  aad  LeBnrer  ef  £  afield,  r>r 
Middlefex.     Pearc*i«  47  pages,  8vo. 

Th  I  performance  may,  in  all  probability 
give  much  fatitfaOion  to  a  mathematical 
reader,  but  is  li(tle  calculated  to  afford  any 
ettraordinary  pleafure  to  an  adoiiter  of  the 
politer  fciencef. 

VII.  AttAcc-'untofDtnrtizrk^  antient  and 
msd  rn,  from  Swain  the  fir fi  Cbriftian  King  to 
tbeprefent  Time.     %%.  fewed.    Atmon. 

This  isa  time-fcrving  catchpenny,  wretch- 
edly compiled  from  Lord  Molefworth  and 
other  vi  titers  on  the  conflitution  of  Denmark, 
which  the  bookfeller  imagines  he  may  fell 
diiri/ig  hia  Daniib  rojjefty*s  refidence  in  this 
kingdom, 

•  Sit  tur  laft 


VIJI.  T.  Harrit  difeaU  %    G. 
4to.  It.  6<j. 

The  principal  part  of  thit  pampklee,  at  k 
it  an  anfwer  to  Mr,  Harrit's  recapitvlatioo  of 
the  difputet  between  the  managers  of  Cooeat 
Garden  Theatre,  it  necefDrily  eompoiied  of 
arguments  which  have  been  alreodp  comms- 
nicated  to  the  public— It  cootaint  aa  accooot 
of  the  various  atteroptt  which   Mr.   Hanit 
and  Mr.  Rutherford  made  to  get  tlie  oAt^ 
management  of  the  playhoufe  into  their  wtm 
hands,  and  conelodet  with  the  foUowtsf  pab- 
lie  anfwcrs  to  Mr.  Hanit*t  pobKc  qoeftwos 
given  in  oar  Magacine  of  hft  month.— Since 
thit  publication,  a  kind  of  troce  haa  bcca 
concluded   between  the  beHigerant   powen, 
but  whether  this  trace  wiil,  or  will   not,  fi- 
nally terminate  in  a  lafKng  peace,  it  a  maCttr 
that  occaiiont  much  (peculatioB  among  the 
politiciana  of  the  theatre. 
^  <*  I  fbftll  pafs  over  in  filence  hit  (Mr.  Hsr- 
Hs*s)  three  firfl  propofals  * ;  hot  aa  Co  the 
fourth,  the  only  one  which  feemt  dtker  plain 
or  intelligible,  or  hat  the  leaft  colour  of  that 
fairnefs  or  equity  to   which  he  pretends,  I 
do  hereby  a^rer  to  the  public,  for  to  the  p^ 
lie  alone  I  now  addreit  myfelf,   that  whca- 
e^er  T.  Harris  and  hit  colleague  will  prefer 
their  biH  in  chancery  againfk   at,    rcfpeAiog 
our  prcfent    ariidet    and  paft  tranfadioot, 
neither  I  nor  Mr.  Powdl  will  make  any  de- 
lay in  putting  in  a  foil  and  fnfiki^nt  anfwer. 
And  I  now,  in  thit  public  manner,  call  opon 
them  to  file  this  long  threatened  bill  aguat 
OS :  And  I  do  hereby  pledge  my  honoor,  mat 
to  T.  Barrif,  but  to  the  public,  that  no  meant 
or  endeavours  of  mine,  or  Mr.  Powell,  Ihaif 
be  wanting  to  bang  it  to  a  fliort  an4  fpcodj 
conclufion." 

tX,,  Mtmoirt^Corfkct,  Contabnmg  tbi  m^ 
tural  and  poiittcal  Hiftory  of  that  iwtportmm 
JJJand  I  the  principal  Eventt^  X«va/«rrMit>  &c, 
from  the  remctefi  Period  to  the  prefent  Time*  Bj 
Frederic,  Son  tff  Theodore  late  King  ofCm^KK 
Hooper. 

This  book  contains  e  very  fat^ajSnry, 
though  concife,  account  of  Corfica,  and  gi^ 
ut  a  lively  pi^hirc  of  the  tyranny  wh  ich  the 
Gcnoefe  eaercifcd  in  that  i0ind— Among 
other  things  the  author  introducet  the  fbl- 
lo^ring  affecting  ilory  of  a  Coriican  patriot 
which  cannot  but  give  entertainment  to  oaf 
readers. 

**  About  the  middle  of  the  fixttenth  cea- 
tuty,  the  Genoe.'e  haying  declared  themfielvQ 
in  favour  of  the  emperor,  who  wat  then  at 
war  with  Henry  if.  kiug  of  France,  thittno- 
narch  reclaimed  the  ciry  and  f^tc  of  Gcsoa^ 
together  with  Coriica,  at  territoiict  beloog|B| 
to  his  crown.' 

At  the  fame  time  he  gave  ordera  for  Sam^ 
piero  della  Baflilica  d*Ornanoto  repair  to  tbat 
lAand,  and  alTure  the  Corficans  of  his  prorec«> 
tioo.  Sampiero  was  defcended  from  one  ef 
the  moft  noble  families  of  Corfica,  and  hn^ 
^  efpoulcd 

^0g.p.  Ji}. 


V     - 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


A  Tragical   Storv 


cfpoofed  AnnuM  J*Orflaoo»  a  ladjr  of  iDcom- 
pinbU  beauty,  antt  heireft  of  a  very  ancient 
iMHife  {  whofe  name  and  armi  Sampiero  aftet- 
wardi  bore.  By  thii  lady  he  had  two  funs, 

Samptero  was  a  colonel  in  the  French  fer- 
ince,  and  had  acquired  con (iderable  reputation  { 
being  as  capable  of  adviling  in  council  as  of 
•ding  in  the  field  j  prudenr,  and  at  the  fame 
dine  refolded ;  affable,  yet  fcveie  j  apparent* 
ly  pliant  00  all  occafioot,  yet  conftantly  per- 
ferering  to  carry  his  point. 

Saoiptcro  was  no  looner  arrived  in  Cotfica 
than  the  Genoefe  caufed  him  to  be  appre- 
hended upondottbtful  formifesand  conjectures, 
unfupported  by  any  decifire  proof.  They  were 
Iboo  obliged  to  releafe  him,  howerer,  on  the 
requifition  of  Henry  II.  who  icdaimed  him  as 
anofBcerin  hitfervice:  being  releafed,  Sam- 
piero  retoroed  to  France  j  when  the  king  dtf- 
patched  him  to  Moof*  de  Thermes,  who 
commanded  his  forces  in  the  territory  of  the 
repoblic  of  Sienna,  now  incorporated  with 
Tufcany. 

De  Thcrmes  and  Samptero  landed  in  C^r- 
fica  at  the  head  of  a  very  powerful  army  ;  ha- 
iring been  ccovoyed  by  the  Ottoman  Heet  un- 
der the  command  of  the  famous  Dragut.  This 
Corfair  was  a  great  admiral,  but  ot  a  cruel 
and  inhaman  dilpofition.  On  the  Iandtn]$  of 
the  French  troops,  SampicroafTored  his  coun- 
trymen that  the  defign  of  this  ezpedicion  was 
only  to  deliver  them  from  the  tyrannical  yoke 
ef  the  Genoefe  i  on  which  aflurance  the 
Corficans  exerted  themfelvei  as  much  as  pofli* 
ble  to  facilitate  its  faccefs. 

DeThermes  foon  took  Baftia,  San  Fioren* 
MO,  and  Ajaccio ;  in  the  mean  white  Dragut 
nodeitook  the  redudion  of  Bonifacio,  one  of 
the  principal  cities  of  the  iflind  :  to  this  place 
he  la«d  to  ctofe  ficge,  that  being  deprived  of 
aH  relief  from  without,  it  was  obliged  (0  fur* 
render  at  dilcrerion.  Dragut  was  for  plunder- 
log  and  demolifhing  it ;  which  de  Thermes 
•ffofing,  he  was  greatly  difpleafed,  and  refu- 
icd  to  ad  oflfenfively  againft  the  Genoefe  any 
longer}  leaving  the  iAand  and  adjtceot  feat 
ia  rioleat  anger. 

The  French,  with  t  great  deal  of  difficul- 
tf,  remained  mafters  of  Corfica  for  fome 
years;  when  it  was  agreed,  by  an  article  in 
the  treaty  of  15  April,  1559,  between  Htii' 
wj  II.  and  Philip  II.  of  bpain,  that  his  mofl 
chrifllan  majefty  ihould  receive  the  Genoefe 
again  into  hit  gocd  graces,  and  reAore  to 
them  all  the  places  he  had  taken  polTcffion  of 
1a  Corfica. 

In  confcquence  of  this  treaty  the  French 
evacuated  the  ifland  }  when  the  poor  inhabi- 
tants, in  fpite  of  thcmreives,  and  in  breach  oi 
the  good  faith  which  had  been  plighted  them, 
fell  anew  into  the  bands  of  the  Genoefe; 
who  now  treated  them  with  greater  feverity 
than  ever. 

Sampiero,  glowing  with  indignation  at  this 
behaviour  in  the  French  king,  and  the  cruel- 
ty  of  the   Gcfloefc  toward  bii  countrymen. 


447 

applied  to  feveral  of  the  Eoropeaa  courts  t# 
avenge  their  caufe. 

Among  other  potentates  be  addrelTcd  him* 
felf  to  Catherine  de  Medicis,  whom  he  knew 
Co  be  greatly  diflatisfied  with  the  Genoeie^ 
becauiie  they  had  rcfufed  to  comply  with  her 
rc^tiefls  in  farour  of  the  houfe  of  Fiefchi, 
which  (he  protedled.  This  princcff,  there- 
fare,  gave  Sampitro  a  verjr  gracious  receptioQ» 
and  recommended  him  to  Anthony  king  of 
Navarre;  who  was  tlfo  offended  at  the  Ge- 
noefe. Commiilioned  by  this  pHnce,  he 
proceeded  to  Algiers,  and  theace  to  Conftan- 
tinople ;  where  he  obtained  from  the  grand 
fignor  eonftderable  fams  of.  money  as  wdl  ai 
promifes  of  aBiDance. 

Having  during  this  interval  left  his  wife 
Annina,  then  in  the  bloom  of  her  youth,  at 
Marfeitles,  Louis  Dara^^ro,  a  Genoefe  noble- 
man, undertook  to  feduce  her :  H^  fucceed- 
ed;  and,  having  made  himfelf  mafter  of  her 
heart,  endeavoured  to  convert  his  fuccefs  t^ 
the  emolument  of  his  Country.  To  this  ea4 
he  perfuaded  her  to  accompany  him  to  Ge- 
noif  doubtlefs  with  a  view  that  ihe  and  her 
children  fliould  fexve  as  a  pledge  for  the  fide- 
lity of  Sampiero.  Anuina,  who  in  the  ea- 
ce's  of  her  pa6ion  could  rcfofe  nothing  to  her 
lover,  had  the  weaknefs  to  confent  to  hia 
propofal,  b'ind  to  the  danger  fhe  incurred  bf 
fuch  a  condefcenfion.  Having  firfl  fent  their 
tStCtM  to  Genoa,  the  two  k>vers  took  their 
flight :  being  purfued,  however,  by  iboe  of 
of  Sampiero*s  friends,  they  were  overtakes 
and'arrefled  at  Antibes ;  whence  Annina  waa^ 
for  greater  fecurity,  condiidted  to  Auc,  while 
Durazzo  was  fufhrcd  to  continue  his  journey* 

Sampiero,  arriving  a  few  days  after  at  Mar- 
feilles,  was  informed  of  his  wife*e  infidelity 
and  flight  t  Tranfported  with  rage,  he  ficw 
immediately  to  Aix,  to  have  fignal  vengeance 
for  his  injured  honour.  The  poor  lady,  feia- 
ed  with  remorf^,  came  trembling  to  meet 
him,  and  throwing  heriell  on  her  knees, 
bathed  bis  hand  with  her  tears,  and  in  thia 
humiliating  pofture  con.^e(led  her  crime,  and 
begged  his  forgivenefs  in  the  moft  afTtfting 
terms. 

Sampiero,  naturally  inflexible,  fiood  fome 
time  unmoved;  when,  daiting  looks  of  the 
greateft  fury,  be  broke  away  from  her  with- 
out fpeaking  a  fingle  word.  Retiring  preci- 
pitately to  his  apartment,  he  there  fecUidei 
himfelf,  giving  himfelf  up  intirely  to  grief, 
love,  and  defpair :  agitated  by  thefe  different 
paflions,  he  was  for  a  long  time  heard  only  to 
figh  and  repeat  the  name  of  Annina.  Hav  ng 
in  vain  endeavoured  to  combat  an  agitation  of 
mind  which  at  length  ro^e  to  dffradtion,  he 
rufhed  out  of  his  chamoer  like  a  madman, 
and  rej^airedto  that  of  his  wife,  where  he 
threw  himfelf  at  her  feet,  calLng  her  at  firfl 
bis  miflrefs  and  his  lady  \  when,  fnrning  his 
angry  looks  fuddenly  to  heaven,  he  Hew  up- 
on her  like  a  wounded  tvgcr,  and  firangled 
her  with  his  own  hands ;    Having  done  this, 

hs 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


448 


Bills  of  Mortality,  tfr.' 


Ife  immediately  fitrfen^ered  htmfelf  to  the 
officert  of  juftice,  and  afterwards  pleaiied  his 
own  caufe  fo  forcibly  and  pathetically  before 
the  parliament,  that  they  could  not  refufe  to 
acquit  him  of  a  crimcy  which  humanity  con- 
demns M  much  at  honour  may  judify. 

X,  Remarks  em  the  Rrv»  Mr.  Whitfield*! 
Letter  f  the  FUe  ChoMcel/oi'  of  the  Unh/irfij  of 
Oiford,  62  p.  8vo.     Fletcher* 

This  pamphlet  contains  many  pertinent 
arguments,  and  wtll  giv:  fattifaAion  to  Aich 
of  our  readers  as  intereft  themfelvei  in  the 
^fpute  between  the  onirerfity  of  Oxford  and 
the  mcthodiftf. 

X\.  A  Letter  f  the  Rr'ibt  Hon,  the  Earl  0/ 
Shelburne  on  the  fatal  Coiifefiien(es  rf  fuffering 
ibe  French  to  iuvadt  Corfica,  &c»  ii.  Fles- 
ney. 

If  this  author  bat  any  friends,  we  could 
wiih  that  they  would  ufe  their  intereft  to  get 
bim  into  Saint  Luke*s  or  Bethlem  hospital. 

XII.  /t  Letter  to  the  jiutbor  of  a  Pamphlet 
iatitUd  Pittas  Oxonirniif,  6</.     Johnfoo. 

Controverfial  divim'ty  is  agreeable  but  to 
very  few,  efpecially  where  an  author  has  not 
extraordinary  merit,  and  therefore  we  do  not 
imagine  the  pamphlet  before  us  will  meet 
with  much  encouragement  fiom  the  public 
and  though  we  arc  not  admirers  of  the  au- 
thor's genius  we  are  the  friends  of  bis  huma- 
nity. 

XII I.  A  full  and  impartial  View  of  the 
Vrial  of  Donald  Maclane,  at  Guildford,  for 
the  wilful  Murder  of  William  Alleo  the 
Toufi^,  &c.  If*     Harris. 

This  little  p'ece  it  the  produ£tion  of  can- 
dour and  good  fenfe,  and  does  equal  credit  to 
the  impartiality  ana  judgement  of  its  author* 


Bills    of     Mortality    from  Feb. 
April  25. 

Chiistinid.  ButXtDt 

Males     1410  ?  ^o„  I  Males 


23    t) 


14107    Q^  I  Males   21327    ^ 
Females  1 392  5  "^  I  Females: 01 1 S   4H3 

Whereof  have  died. 

Under  2  Years  1394^  With  in  the  Walls     311 

Betw.  2  and  5      386  Witho.  the  walls     966 


5   and  10  —  114 

xo  and  20  -—  145 
20  and  30  —  355 
30  and  40  —  420 
40  and  50  —  410 
50  and  60  —  308 
60  and  70  —  285 
70  and  80  —  205 
So  and  90  -*  99 
90  and  100  — •  13 

4M3 


Mid.  and  Surry    1914 
City  &  Sab.  Weft.    952 

4143 

Weekly,  March  i.  502 
8.4*3 

22.  426 
29.  464 
April  5. 440 
12.  476 
19.  476 
26.  484 

4H3 


^beaten  peck  loaf,  wt.  17  lb.  6  ox.  2s.  9d 

^  The  Lifti  will  bt 


NOTE. 

AC.  R.  advifes  Y.  Z.  would  read  a  let« 
•  ter  to  the  bilhop  of  Cloucefler,  pub' 
lifliftd  by  Mr.  Nicol],  the  laft  winter,  which 
be  thinks  he  has  not  yet  done. 

We  have  fliewed  our  regard  ^o  the  ingeni- 
ous Mr.  Br  aid  wood  fufficienlly,  and  what 
has  been  lately  feot  us  would  more  properly 
ferve  for  an  advcmferoent. 

Mr.  I.  H.  is  de6red  to  obferve,  that  we 
think  it  impoOible  to  new  r'lme  his  queftions. 

Fefdo  Cautium$  however  true  bis  relaiioa 
may  be,  cannot  be  othctwife  obliged  than  in 
his  laft  defue. 

^  Beauty  and  Good  Humour,  is  neither  poe- 
tical nor  grammatical  enough  for  iofertioo* 
*Tis  well  intended,  and  we  recommend  it  to 
the  future  corre^ions  of  the  author. 

We  cannot  infert  any  latin  poem  that  it 
not  really  excellent. 

F's  poetical  piece  is  too  iocorrcA. 
•  The  obfervacion  of   Monenjii   is  certainly 
juft  \  but  a  Court  Kalendar  or  Regifter.  plaio- 
Jy  points  out  what  he  intends  by  his  lift. 

A.  Z  s  pettion  is  more  proper  for  an  ad- 
▼ertifement  in  a  news- paper,  by  which,  00 
doubt,  relief  would  be  obtained. 

However  (hrewdwre  may  think  the  remarks 
on  Dr.  Waterland*s  queries  arc,  we  cannot 
revive  a  difpute,  00  which  the  public  fickeo- 
ed  fo  many  years  ftoce*  If  we  inlert  any 
thing  in  that  con  trover  fy  it  is  not  of  choice  \ 
but  becaufe  it  has  been  conlequential  of  fome 
other  altercations* 

It  is  ifflpoftible  to  oblige  B.  P.  with  any 
degree  of  corredncfi,  and  therefore  we  hope 
he  will  excufe  us. 

Mr.  I.  A— n*s  lift,  is  now  out  of  time,  and 
far  from  being  a  matter  of  general  concern. 
We  will,  if  be  pleafes,  refeive  it  for  the  next 
general  eleaion,  and  then  inlert  it. 

The  MS*  intitled  a  full  and  true  account, 
kc.  however  it  may  have  diverted  a  few 
friends,  we  conceive  cannot  be  entertaining 
to  our  readers  in  general. 

We  woul^  gladly  oblige  Mr.  A.  B.  but  at 
we  have  ftunoufly  avoided  rr.edoling  wtth  that 
cootroveify  hitherto,  it  will  be  improper  to 
revive  it  now. 

By  mi  flake  the  plate  in  our  Magaxiae  for 
April,  was  called  a  view  of  Dr.  Batty 's  boufe 
and  gardens  \  whereas  they  were  long  fince 
purchafcd  by  T^athanid  Lloyd,  E'qj  who  it 
now  in  poftcflion  thereof. 

Erratum  in  our  latt,  p.  365.  col.  I.  linault. 
for,  r^if  would  be  dewyimg  the  Father,  &c.  read, 
tbii  would  be  dmyirg  Gcd  the  Father,   &c. 

We  can  fay  nothing  more  in  lehtion  to 
the  Difc.very,  than  we  have  already  fa;d  isL 
our  laft  volume,  p.  536,  col.  I.  to  which  «c 
beg  leave  to  refer  Mr.  C. 

We  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  many  ev- 
cellent  productions  in  prbfe  and  veife,  which 
will  have  a  place  in  due  time,  particularly 
Mr.  wilkins*sj  Letter  to  A.  B.  from  the 
Author  of  an  Appeal,  Scg%  and  the  piece 
from  Andreas  DudithiuS| 
refumtd  in  our  9txt% 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


MTFOOTE  . 

tnyiAty  OndZ^nu^te^  if/t^au^r  tJtura^&n/m'  iA€/^tMa^arcfacurU> 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


K 


The  London  Magazine. 


Or,  gentleman's  Mo?ithly  Intelligencer 


For     SEPTEMBER,     1768. 


The  Britidi  Theatre  451 

Concretions  in  the  Gall-bladder  cured 

454- 
Tiflbt  of    the    Difeafes.  of  fedcntary 
People  455 

Extraa  of  aLetterfrom  Tho,  Cuilibjg, 
Efqj  Speaker  of  the  AiTcmbly  of 
Martachufet's  Bay  456 

The  Hiltory  of  the  iaft  Sefllon  of  Par- 
liament 457^461 
Method  to  deftroy  Weevils  In  Corn  463 
A  very  fcafonahle  Reproof  to  the  La- 
dies  '  464 
Obfcrvatjons  on  the  Celti  ibid. 
Of  Suicide  and  Duelling  ibid. 
Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V,  465-— 469 
NatureandCureoftheTape.VVorm469 
Anfwer  to  a  curious  Query  471 
Unitarian.  Confeilion  ot  Faith  47Z 
Identity ol'Lightning and  Kle6tricity47  3 
Utility  of  Eltdric  Condudlors  474 
Chara<Slerof  Card.  Richlieu  475  —  478 
Means  of  forming  the  Morals  of  a 
State                                    478—480 


The  Author  of  Tj^^-  Jppeai,  to  A.B.  48a 
Account  of  Sir  J  elf  cry  Amhcrlt's  I>ii- 

inlilfon  ..  (         48 

The  other  Account     /^  *  ^t^ 

Remarks  on  both  48 

Calculation    relative   to   the  Harveft- 

Moon  ibid 

A  Queftion  folved  48^ 

Account  of  the  Convent  of  La  Trapfx 
487-48! 

Eclipfes  of  1769  calculated  489 

Poetical  EsjjAVS  490— :— 49 

Complaint  of  a  Portrait-Painter  49J 
Operations  in  Corfjca  494. 

Curry's  extraordinnv  Affidavit  495 
Ti^e  Monthly  Chronolog£R  496 
Prag relics,    i5:c.     0/    his    Danu'h   Ma 

jelty  ,497 49^ 

M:irria»e8  and  Births;  Deaths  500 
Ecclefiartical  Preferments  501 

Promotions  Civil  and  Military  "50a 
Foreign  Affairs  505 

Monthly  Bill  of  Mortality  ibid. 

Stocks,  Grain  j  Wind  and  Weather  4.59 


With  a  fine   Portrait  of 
MR.    FOOTE   IN  THE  CHARACTER   OF   MAJOR   STURGEON, 

AND 

An  elegant  View  of  the  Earl  «f  Westmoreland's  [Sfat  in  Kent, 
BEAUTIFULLY     ENGR  A.^  t  D. 

LONDON:   Printed  for  R.  Bald  wiK,    at  No,   47,   in  Pater- no;ler  Row  ; 

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THE 


London  Magazinb, 

For     SEPTEMBER,     1768. 


■■    ■!       ■» 


THE     BRITISH     THEATRE. 


1}VE  generality  of  «iir 
theatrical  critiC8,whcii 
they  dt  down  to  point 
out  any  errors  m  the 
condit6):  of  dramatic 
exhibitions ,  always 
level  the  whole  artil- 
lery of  their  arga- 
ments  againft  th«  incapacity  of  ^  authors^ 
or  the  negligence  of  managersi  and  ne- 
ver once  trouble  themfelves  about  the 
i>ehaviour  of  the  audience  $  hence  if  a 
poet  commits  a  cafual  miftake,  or  if  a 
iiunaper  is  guilty  of  an  accidental  im- 
propriety, our  periodical  prints  are  im- 
mediately filled  with  inve£lives  ;  but  if 
a  fourth  part  of  the  audience  claims 
an  indifputable  title  to  difturb  the  en- 
tertainment of  the  other  three,  night 
after  night,  daring  the  whole  courfe  of 
a  feafon,  no  writer  is  found  to  exclaim 
«^inft  the  prefumption,  nor  does  one 
critical  pen  genemufly  exert  itfelf  to 
plead  the  caufe  of  an  infulted  public } 
on  the  contrary,  the  boldeft  of  our  play- 
houfe  declaimers  fuffer  the  inceflTant  re- 
p^don  of  the  injury  without  murmur- 
ing, and  either  want  fpirit  enough  to 
condemn  it,  or  fenfe  enough  to  nnd  ft 
eut.    • 

Mr.  Sharpe,  ih  hit  account  of  Itily, 
tells  us,  that  the  Neapolitan  nobility  at^ 
the  theatre,  very  frequently  fpit  from* 
the  boxes  into  the  pit  Uj>on  the  citi- 
zens, and  Mr.  Baretti,  in  his  animadver- 
Hon  upon  Mr.  Sharpe,  tien  goes  fo 
fair,  as  to  aflTure  us,  that  the  citizens  re- 
ceive this  indignity  not  only  without  re- 
sentment, but  Teem  filled  with  an  almoft 
idolatrous  veneration  for  the  people  by 
vrhom  they  are  treated  with  (b  unpar- 
donable a  contempt.  When  an  Engirfli- 
man  reads  a  paflage  Kke  this»  hii 
|»reaft  immediately  b^ns  to  burn,  and 
Ilia  eye  is  kindle  into  an  honeft  blase 
m€  indignation  |  he  thanks  liii  kind  ilar> 
Sept.  f76l« 


for  placing  him  in  a  country  where  the 
equality  of  mankind  is  better  under- 
ftood,^  and  >refle6\s  with  a  fecret  pride, 
that  he  is  expofed  to  no  infults,  either 
from  the  pre-eminence  of  rank,  or  the 
fupcriority  of  fortune. 

A  dream  fuch  as  this,  is  undoubted- 
ly an  agreeable  one  ;  but,  alas  t  it  it 
only  a  dream  |  recoUeflion  In  a  moment 
fnatches  the  flattering  profpefl  from  hit 
imagination 

^<  And  like  the  bafelefs  fabrick  of  a 
vifion 

•*  Leaves  not  a  wreck  behind— 
To  fpeak  more  plainly,  let  us  fuppofe, 
that  while  we  are  hogging  ourfclves  up 
in  the  delightful  idea  of  btine  fecurcly 
defended  from  the  infolence  of  the  great 
at  our  theatrical  exhibitions,  that  a  fen- 
flble  foreigner  fhould  charafterife  us  in 
the  following  manner :  <<<The  people  of 
England  are  extremely  fond  of  dramatie 
entertainments,  and  the  middling  claflet 
particularly  purfue  them  with  fo  much 
eagemefs,  as  frequently  to  hazard  not 
only  their  health,  but  their  lives,  to  ob« 
tain  a  convenient  feat  in  their  play* 
houdes ;  the  prices  which  they  pay  for 
admiilion  greatly  exceed  the  rates  of  ad- 
miffion  at  any  other  theatre  in  Europe, 
and  a  common  journeyman  artifan  in 
London  often  gives  more  to  fee  a  play^ 
than  is  given  by  the  Brft  man^of  fafhion 
for  the  fame  amufement  at  Paris.  Yet 
though  the  Eneliih  are  fuch  admirers  of 
the  drama,  and  though  this  admiration 
is  gratified  at  fo  prodigious  an  expence^ 
ftill  there  is  no  place  in  the  world  whera 
the  bufinefi  of  the  flage  is  liable  te 
fuch  continual  interruptions  s  the  nobi« 
lity  and  people  of  coniideration,  who 
occupy  the  boxes,  claim  a  prefcriptive 
right  10  ditlurb  the  performance  during 
the  whok  courfe  of  the  evening ;  and  at 
a  new  piece,  efpeciallv,  the  noife  of  ta- 
king their  feats  fcarcely  CufTcrt  a  fyllable 

Lit  to 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


45* 


The   British   Theatre. 


to  be  heard  till  the  concluHon  of  the 
fecond  adt.— Te  go  early  to  the  play- 
houfe  is  m  certain  fisn  of  vulgarity, 
and  thr  great  hav«  tbtir  pkces  kept 
for  them  by  their  fcrvants,  fo  that  they 
are  under  no  apprehenfion  of  being 
excluded,  fhould  they  even  decline  to 
honour  the  reprefcntation  with  their 
prcfcoce  till  it  ii  aIaxQ.ft  concluded. — 
In  proportion  to  their  rank  they  are 
chiefly  feated  in  the  front  of  the  hioxel, 
and  in  proportion  alfo  to  their  rank 
they  chiefly  delay  the  moment  of  their 
appearance ;  by  this  means  in  the  moft 
critical  fcene  of  the  beft  play,  the  ac- 
tor''s  voice  is  drowned  With  a  loud 
roar  for  the  countcfs  of  Naples  dew^s 
fervanr ;  the  duchefs  of  Driveaway* 
f  lacesy  and  the  places  of  (6  many  il- 
luUriQus  diilurbers,  that  one  would 
imagine  ill-breeding^  was  principally 
connned  to  the  fupcrior  orders  of  the 
kingdom.*— ^— The noife  occdfloned  by 
bawl^g  out  for  the  (ervauts  of  this 
great,  however,  is  not  the  only  cir- 
cumftaDce  to  be  complained  of,  for 
vrl\en  any  of  thefe  higb^  born  auditors 
proceed  to  their  placet,  all  the  other 
fpeftators  are  under^  neceiHty  of  riCng . 
tip  to  make  way  for  them,  which  caufcs 
fqch  a  general  confuflon  and  clapping 
of  feats,  that  the  performers  are  total- 
ly difconcerted,  and  thofc  who  wifh 
for  the  rational  enjoyment  of  the  per- 
fon[n4nce,  materially  deprived  of  a 
pleafure  which  they  purchafe  at  (6 
C9n(iderable  a  fatigue,  as  well  as  at  fo 
condderable  an  ex  pence. 

Ic  cannot  be  fuppofcd,  where  a  peo- 
ple, like  the  Engtitti,  arefo  pafllonate- 
f y  atuchcd  to  the  cntenaiaments  of 
the  ftage,  but  tliat  the;. audience  are  | 
always  highlj^  d^fpleafc^  ^x  thcfe  fliame- , 
ful  interruptions  of  their  moft  fenfible 
amufementi  i  ^et,  though  they  fre- 
quently feem  diftreffed.  at  tUe  freedom 
which  is  thus  taken  by  the,  great,  they 
either  have  not  coi|pge  fenou^h  to  re- 
fent  it  as  an  indignity,  pr  are  fo  weak 
that  they  do  not  look  upon  it  in  the 
li^ht  of  an  Indignity  at  all.  ■  They 
are  either  fearful  of  refitting  the  info- 
]<nce  of  their  fuperiors^  or  imagine 
their  fuperJors  have  a  right  to  treat 
them  as  they  think  proj>er.-- -Hence, 
though  they  bpaft  fo  highly  of  their 
national  fpirit,  and  ridicule  all  the  reft 
of  Eurooc  for  paying  an  abjcft  vene- 
ration to  tbeir  itobility,  they  crouch 
themfelves  with  the  naoft  timid'  fervi- 
S 


Sept. 

lity  under  the  contempt  of  their  ni;«, 
and  this  too  at  a  place,  where,  above 
all  othersf  the  equality  of  manlcind 
fliould  be  moft  caroCully  maintained j 
a  place  of  public  entertainment/* 

If  a  character  like  the  foregoing  wat 
to  be  given  of  the  Eoglifli  in  their  dra- 
matic exhibitions,  1  am  well  perfuaded, 
that    my  readers  would  unanimoufly 
exclaim  againft  the  fuppofed  injuftice 
of  it,  andinfift,  that  we  are  by  much 
too  fpirited  to  bear  an  interruption  in 
our  favourite  amufimients   from    the 
moft  exalted  perfonages  in  the  king- 
dom.——*->They    would-  inftaotly  re- 
mii>d  me,  that  royalty  itfelf  was  not 
intitled  to  reverence  where  it  trefpaflVd 
upon  the  patience  of  the  public,  and' 
a  yvelMcnown  anecdote  ota  late  au- 
guft  prince  would  be  mentioned,  who 
accidentally  exceeded  the  limited  time 
foir  drawing  up  the  curtain    in   our 
theatres.— —Yet  with  all  the  force  of 
popular  prejudice  againft  me,  and  with 
all  the  authorities  which  can  be  pro- 
duced,   both  of   great  underftamfing 
and  quick  fenfibility  in  the   middling 
cla/Tes  of  the   Britifti   people,    I   muft 
neverthelefs  affirm,  that  the  tame  hu- 
mility   with    which    they  continually 
futfer  their  moft  rational  entertainment 
^obe  difturbed  by  the  boxes,  argues> 
very  little  more  either  of  wifdom,   or 
fpirit,  than  is  (hewn  by  the  aiiditort 
in  the  Neapolitan  pit,  when  they  fmi* 
lingly  receive  a  fpit  fiom  their  arrogant 
nobility. 

The  elegant  frequenters  of  our 
boxes  may  poflibly  aflc  me,  if  they  have 
not  ^n  indifpu table  right  to  go  to  the 
theatte  at  the  hour  which  is  moft  a- 
greeable  to  their  own  inclinations  ? 
un^p^btedly  j  but  (hen  they  have  uo 
rij§rht  to  difturb  the  entertainment  di 
of  her  people  j  they  naay,  if  they  ylcskCet 
be  too  refined  to  enjoy  any  (enfatioa 
at  our  beft  pieces,  except  that  of  ex- 
hibiting their  adoftble  peribns  to  ttie 
company.— Let  them  enjoy  this  ha^ 
pinefs,  and  wejcome,  but  let  them  n'ot 
interrupt  the  attention  of  thofe  under- 
bred (buls,  who  arc  delighted  with  the 
reprefentationi  of  reafon,  and  the  feel- 
ings of  humanity,  who  conftitute  by 
much  the  majority-  of  the  audience, 
and  who  do  not  deferve,  while  they 
behave  with  propriety,  to  be  treated 
with  contempt. 

If  our  people  of  faftiidn  would  judi- 
cioufly  consider,  that  the  foreit'  flgn  df 

good 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


xyss. 


The   British  Theatre. 


453 


j^ood  breeding  is  to  (tudy  the  fatisfac- 
Yiorr  of  others,   they  would  carefully 
avoid  the  ercor  I   am  (peaking  of  in 
our  theatres  ;  hut,  in  general,  they  arc 
too   proud  to  be    well-hrcd,    and  too 
ieliifh  to  feel  for  the  convenience  of  any 
t>ody    but  themfelvcs.— I   cannot 
rupprcfs  my  indignation,  when  I  f^c  a 
clown  in  high  life  italking  infolently  to 
a  front  place  in  a  box,  perhaps  at  the 
moH  critical  circuniftance  in  ^  whole 
play,  chilling  the  rapt  ire  in  the  heiirt 
€>f  generodty,    and   deadening  in  the 
eye  cf  pity  its  exquifite  gufh  of  tears. 
I  fay,  theie  is  no   bearing  the  apathy 
^writh  which   an    animal  of  this   kind 
breaks  in  upon  the  pleafure  of  num- 
^  bers ;  and  yet  how  many  fuch  animals 
<5o  wc   not  meet  with  every  evening, 
%irho,    fo  far  from  feeming  uneafy  at 
obliging  others  to  rife,  or  endeavour- 
ing to  hurry  to  their  feats,  inarch  mt\\ 
a  uow  folemnity  to  their  fervants,  and 
as  if  they  were  fearful  of  not  diftnrb- 
ing  lis  fufHciently,  give  loud  directions 
to  the  fellows  as    they   retire    about 
bringing  the  chariot  it  ten,  or  fome 
other  bufinefs  of  equal  fignificance. 

It  will  perhaps  be  urged,  that  if 
the  cuftom  of  letting  places  in  the 
boxes  was  once  abohihed,  a  number 
of  individuals  would  be  expofed  to  the 
difagreeable  alternative,  either  of  go- 
ing very  early  to  a  play,  or  of  ftaying 
away  intircly ;  for  hriy  own  part,  1 
wouI<l  rather  fee  the  moft  refpeftable 
individuals  of  our  community  reducdd 
even  to  this  alternative,  than  the  pub- 
lif  entertainment  conftantly  inter- 
rupted.—When  places  were  originally 
let  in  the  boxes,  the  convenience  of 
the  town  was  intended  to  be  advanced, 
arid  not  defigned  (o  be  prevented  ^  nor 
can  it  be  reafonably  argued,  that  be- 
caufe  the  prefent  complaint  is  of  long 
landing  it  is  not  now  to  be  redreflRrd  j 
on  the  contrary  the  older  our  errors 
are,  the  lefs  excufibte  we  muft  be  to 
continue  them,  and  we  mud  naturally 
think  thofe  people  the  moft  abfurd, 
who  ofteneil  rebel  againft  the  fenfe  of 
their  own  coQ^vi£tion. 

As  the  neceffity  therefore  of  remo* 
ring  the  conllant  interruption  of  our 
theatrical  amufements  by  the  til  breed- 
ing; of  the  polite  world  is  fo  obvious, 
it  only  remains  to  point  out  the  moft 
probable  means  of  effe6ling  a  reforma- 
tion )  to  obtain  this,  I  would  not  on 
Miy  accou4|t  aboliih  the  cuftom  of  let- 


ting peaces  in  the  boxes,  but  I  would 
reitrain  it  within  fome  fenfible  bounds* 
The  elegant  part  of  the  auditors (hould, 
as  ufua),  have  the  privilege  of  enga- 
ging their  feats,  but  at  the  iamt  timo 
they  (hould  forfeit  all  previous  right 
to  thofe  feats,  unlefs  they  took  curtain 
poffeflion  of  them  before  the  perfinai 
drew  up.-— The  certainty  of  being  well 
accommodated,  without  waiting  a  te- 
dious interval  for  the  performance,  if 
as  much  as  the  moft  refpe6^able  ner(b- 
nages  in  the  kingdom  can  be  juftlv  in- 
tiled  to ;  confequently,  they  fliould  be 
fatistied  with  this  certainty,  ai)d  not 
claim  an  infolent  power  of  making  a 
whole  public  the  flave  of  their  hu- 
mour or  caprice.— If  they  do  not  ho- 
nour the  theatre  with  their  prefence  xm 
proper  time,  let  their  placet  be  given 
up  to  thofe  who  will  \  and  let  them, 
if  they  only  want  to  fee  the  conclufion 
of  a  play,  fteal  into  the  back  of  the 
boxes  at  their  own  hour,  where  they 
will  not  be  fo  likely  to  break  in  upon 
the  entertainment  of  the  audience.— 
If  a  regulation  of  this  nature  was  once 
eftabli(ned,  I  am  foll^  perfuaded  the 
good  effects  would  be  immediate ;  the 
very  vanity  which  now  prevents  our 
people  of  condition  from  going  early  . 
to  the  theatre,  would  induce  them  tOF 
be  pundUal  to  the  moment  of  exhibi- 
tion, and  the  fear  of  not  being  feen  in 
the  ftrongeft  blaze  of  all  tlieir  finery, 
wObld  foon  produce  a  propriety  of  con- 
duct, which  has  not  hitherto  refolted 
either  from  their  ^  good  fenfe  or  their 
civility;  but  let  us  fuppoie  that  tbit 
ihould  not  be  the  cafe,  and  that  we 
.  were  even  deferted  by  ourinconiiderate 
'  fuperiors,  if  the  propofed  repilatioft 
'  ihould  be  carried  into  execution,  ftill 
wouldn*t  it  be  better  to  lofe  their 
CQmpai^y  intirely,  than  to  purchafe  it 
at  'the  expence  of  our  fatisfadion  ? 
And  wouldn't  the  quiet  enjoyment  of 
our  favourite  entertainment  amply 
compenfate  for  the  abfence  of  theie 
glittering  difturbers?  Undoubtedly'  and 
t6  difpute  it  muft  be  the  very  mendiaa 
either  of  abfurdity  or  madnefs. 

We  all  remember  perfeAly.  that,  a 
few  years  fince,  there  was  a  (candak>us 
cuftom  among  our  fmarts,  and  frothy 
young  fellows  of  faftiion,  to  croud  be*' 
hind  the  fcenes  of  the  theatre,  by 
which  means  the  performance  wat 
often  interrupted,  and  the  ftage  fre* . 
quently  fo  croudcd  as  to  be  almoft  in- 

accc/iible 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Concretions  in  the  Gall-BlaJder  cured. 

fencer 
About 


454 

ftcteflfible  to  the  -ycry  aftort.  Thit 
abufe  prevailed  a  long  tiine»^  »nd  the 
managers  were  fearful  to  attempt  a  re- 
formation.-—But  the  public  at  laft 
roufed  from  its  lethargy/  and  with  an 
honeft  indignation  demanded  redrels. 
—The  public  voice  was  obeyed,  and 
we  have  never  Ance  been  Hifgufted  tn 
thb  manner  by  the  impjDrtinence  of 
thefe  pretty  gentlemen. 

Why  then,  when  we  fee  it  to  cafy  to 
reform  abuies»  do  we  negligently  Aac- 
ken  the  burinefs  of  «  general  retorma- 
tion.— The  feme  (pirit,  which  banilhed 
the  Vain  and  the  licentious  from  the 
fcenes,  will  eafily  eftablifh  a  rule  that  no 
places /ball  bi  kept  at  private  property  in 
the  boxes  after  fix  o" clock  %  let  the  real 
friends  of  the  drama  therefore  hearti- 
ly coneur  in  a  generous  defign  to  ob- 
tain this  neceffary  regulation  :  let  them 
no  longer  be  trampled  upon  by  the  in- 
Iblence  of  rank,  or  the  advantage  of 
fortune  \  but  let  the  convenience,'  even, 
of  the  moft  ilhiftrious  individuals  In 
thekingdom^  give  way  to  theffeneml 
iatisfa6tion  of  the  whole  public***— 
Tlie  (eafon  is  juft  commenced,  and  no 
time  can  be  fo  proper  as  the  prefent 
to  correct  this  unpardonable    abufe  • 


Sept. 

at  if)  in  large  quantitks« 
a  week  ago  I  was,  however, 
feia^ed  with  the  moft  violent  fit  of  this 
diforder  I  ever  yet  had,  attended  with 
fuch  pain,  that  I  hope  no  man  ever 
did,  or  ever  will  experience. 

I  was  then  in  Hertfordfliire,  and  be- 
ing  thoroughly  convinced,  that  a  very 
large  gall  ftone  was  in  the  duft  too 
large  to  return,  and  that  my  only 
chance  was  to  promote  its  corapkat 
paflage,  or  die  within  a  few  hours,  I 
forbad  any  advice  being  called  in,  and 
determined  to  rely  on  thofe  means  of 
relief  I  had  fo  often  made  ufe  of  be- 
fore. I  therefore,  after  taking  what 
laudanum  I  had  in  the  houfe,  fent  to 
a  neighbouring  apothecary  for  »  phiil 
more,  and  at  fifty  drops- at  a  time, 
every  half  hour,  took  about  500,  which, 
however,    did    neither   mitigate    the 

Sain,  or  give  any  hopes  of  fuS^ng  the 
one.  I  then  ordered  my  brewing 
copper  to  be  fiUcd  with  water,  and 
made  extremely  hot,  and  in  that  I  al- 
moft  par-boiled  myfelf  for  near  an 
hour  J  and  being  brought  back  to  my 
bed,  I  fell  into  a  moft  profufe  fweat, 
and  in  a  v*ry  ihort  time  I  felt  the  ex- 
puMion  of  the  ftone,  which  is  of  a  iize 


the  caufe  to  be  fupported  is  thecaufe  of    fcarce  to  be  credited,   and  the  lar^ 


good  fenG:  as  well  as  tfue  poIitenefs,auid 
can  have  no  enemies,  bu^  the  enemies 
of  reafon  and  the  friendi  of  barbarity. 

To  the   P  R  I  H  T  E  R,    &c. 

I  Have  been  many  ^ears  fubje^  to 
the  moft  Violent  pam  that  a  hunciai^ 
body  xan  fed,  •  occasioned  by  concre- 
tions in  the  gall  bladder.  About  ten 
jrears  fined  I  paflcd  a  great  nunnber, 
thelargeft  of  which  were  coniidered  by 
the  facalty  to  be  too  big  to  have  found 
a  paiTage  through  the  gall  du6k  1  from 
that  time,  however,  till  within  thefe ; 
twelve  monthsj  I  have  enjoyed  a  tole- 
rable  (hare  of  health,  except  now  and 
then  fome  (light  paint  in  my  fiomacht 
which  I  attributed  to  be  owing  to 
fmaller  concretions,  which  I  flattered 
myfelf  the  dilated  du&  permitted  to 
pafs,  and  that  I  (hould  efcape  for  the 
future  any  of  thofe  very  fevere  fuffer* 
ings  I  had  before  underwent  from 
larger  concretions )  but  for  near  a  y^r 
paft  i'have  been  feldom  a  day  without 
great  pain,  and  often  fo  extreme  at^to 
oblige  me,  in  hopes  of  relief,  and  re- 
laxation of  the  dud,  to  take  lauda- 
Bum }  and  thai  too  (being  an  old  of* 


perhaps  that  ever  was  found  even  in  the 
bladder  oi  thofe  who  have  died  of  thit 
diforder. 

As  this  hint  may  be  of  lervice  ft^ 
many  who  fuffer  under  the  like  c«mi. 
plaint,  a  news-paper  perhaps  may 
prove  the  beft  vehicle  to  make  k 
known  i  and  therefore  by  in(ertinf  it 
you  may  oblige  many  belides  yours,  «c. 
Sept.  15, 176S.    Phil.  TMicicNfittE. 

N.  6.  The  ftone  is  upwards  of  an 
inch  in  len^h,  and  one  inch  and  fe« 
ven  tenths  m  circumference^  and  ha^  a 
very  rough  external  coat. 

An  Effajofi  the  D'tfeafes  imUneta!  t§  B^ 

terawy  and  fedentary  Perfins^  fifr.  etc. 

by  the    celebrated  Dr.  TiflTot,    •rv- 

fefor  •/   Pbxfic  at    Berne,    havh^ 

lately  been  trastflated^  njje  fiudl  gi<ug  am 

Account  of  that  ufe/iU  Perfirmancez 

"  T  T   it  an  old  complaint,^    lays 

X  tht    learned    phyfician,    "  that 

ftudy,  though  e(rentia]ly  necelTary  ta 

the  mind,  is  hurtful  to  the  body  \  and 

Celfut  has  intimated  the  nece(fity  of  a 

remedy.    Thofe  *hat  are  of  weak  con- 

ftitutiont,   fays  he,'  af  moft  ftudioua 

men  are,  flu>akl  uke  greater  care  than 

others. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^8.  Tiffot «/  the  Difeafes  tf  the  Sedentary.  4,5$ 

otherii  tbat  what  is  impaired  by  appH*     the  lefs  by  thefe  motions »   and 


cation  to  their  ftudiet  may  be  repaired 
by  attention  to  their  conftitutioni.  And 
Plmarcby  an  admirable  judge  of  what 
it  right  and  becoming,  declares  it  to 
be  a  ihame,  that  the  learned  (hould 
fyend  days  and  nights  in  ufeful  invelti- 
gations,  and  at  the  (a me  time  neglect 
the  art  of  preienring  their  health  i  be« 
ing,  doubtlefs,  ignorant  that  the 
liealing  fcience  was  formerly  looked 
upon  as  a  part  of  wifdom,  and  that 
tbofe  chiefly  required  medical  afliftance, 
who  have  impaired  their  bodily  Arength 
hy  anspous  thought  and  watch fulnefs. 
There  are  two  principal  fources  from 
whence  all  the  Aifferings  of  the  ftu- 
dious  flow ;  the  conftant  exercife  and 
upplicf  (ion  of  the  mind,  and  the  con- 
tinual reft  of  the  body  i  for  they  are 
as  indolent  in  body,  as  they  are  bufy 
and  adive  in  mind.  By  enumerating 
the  ills,  that  arife  from  both  caufes,  a 
dreadful  crop  of  difeafes  will  be  dif* 
played. 

'  Let  m^taphyficiana  bewilder  them- 
felves  in  inquiries,  how  the  mind  go- 
verns the  body,  and  is  governed  by 
the  latter  in  its  tnm ;  phyiicians,  de- 
fcending  to  confide^ations  of  lefs  im- 
portance, •  bnt  of  greater  certainty^ 
perhaps,  and  little  foUicitous  about  the 
caufes  of  this  nmtual  government,  and 
but  confining  their  inquiries  to  phaeno- 
inena,  know  by  experience,  that  cer« 
fain  emotions  of  the  mind  neceflarily 
arife  from  certain  conditions  of  the 
body,  and  that  by  particular  emotions 
in  the  mind  particular  chang^es  are  un- 
avoidably produced  in  the  body,  and 
that  whilft  the  mind  thinks,  fome  part 
of  the  brain  it  ftretch^d.  We  make  no 
other  inquiry  i  it  would  be  of  no  uib 
to  know  any  thing  farther. 

So  dofe  is-  the  connexion  between 
mind  and  body,  that  we  cannot  well 
conceive  the  operations  of  the  one  in- 
dependent of  fome  correfpondence  with 
the  other.  For  as  the  fenfes  are  inca- 
pable  of  conveying  the  materials  of 
thought  to  the  foul,  without  the  mo- 
tion both  of  their  own  fibres  and  thofe 
of  the  brain,  fo,  whilft  the  mind  re- 
volves  thefe  cogitations,  the  organs  of 
the  brain  are  more  or  lefs  ftimulated 
to  a^,  ftretched,  and  have  ofcillatory 
notions  excited  in  them.  The  mind 
jigiutcs  the  machine )  and  thefe  are 
the  labours  of  the  medullary  part, 
mrhichi  being  fo  Under^  dpes  not  fufter 


every 
man  eafily  feels  that  in  himfelf,  which 
the  ftron?eft  arms  experience  after  tha 
moft  violent  exercife. 

For  which  of  you,  thathds  beenad- 
di^ed  to  a  ftudious  life,  has  notof^en 
found,  after  intenfe  thought,  that  the 
innermoft  part  of  the  brain  has  been 
affe^ed  by  a  tronblefome  heat,  and 
intenfe  pain,  fuch  as  the  mufcles  feel 
when  fatigued  with  long  labour  ?  Nor 
does  the  medullary  part  of  t;he  braiit 
fuffer  alone,  bnt  the  very  eyes  them- 
felves  can  perceive  the  force  of  the 
thinking  (bul,  extended  beyond  the 
brain  :  for  whilft  we  look  upon  a  man 
that  meditates  ferioufly,  all  the  muf- 
cles of  his  face  appear  ftretched,  nay 
fometimes  convulfed.  Nor  does  the 
brain,  the  medulla  of  which  is  the 
fource  of  the  nerves,  fufSer  alone,  but 
they  themfelves  are  hurtj  and  Plato 
has  admirably  fhewn,  in  the  mafculine 
ftyle  in  which  he  fo  greatly  excelled, 
bow  much  the  exercife  of  the  min^ 
prejudices  the  body.  **  As  the  mind, 
lays  he,  is  far  more  powerful  than  the 
body,  and  exults  and  is  elate  therein, 
it  ane61s  it  inwardly,  and  filU  it  en- 
tirely with  languor  5  and  when,  by 
gathering  together  its  ftrength,  it  ap- 
plies earneftly  to  learning  and  to  the 
mveftigating  of  things,  it  quite  dif- 
folves  and  unhinges  the  body :  finally, 
when  with  an  ambitious  emulation  it 
exerts  itfclf  to  fpeak  an  harangue  both 
in  private  and  public,  it  inflames  the 
body  and  relaxes  it.  For,  as  Ramaz- 
nni  obferves,  the  foul  and  body  are 
united  by  fo  firm  a  league,  that  all  the 
advantages  and  difadvantages  of  the 
one  muft  a(7e^  the  other  ;  and  as  the 
foul  is  rendered  languid  in  the  mental 
funftions,  and  becomes  ftupified  in  the 
fame  manner  by  the  too  great  appli- 
cation of  the  mini!  to  the  ftudy  of  wif- 
dom,  the  body  muft  unavoidably  pine 
away,  the  animal  fpirits  beinjr  con- 
fumed,  which  arc  th^  only  infh^menti 
of  rightly  pcrformmg  both  material 
and  fpiritual  operations  *.'*  Thefe 
are  indeed  obfcrvntions  highly  Julh 
For  he  who  is  not  ignorant  what  a 
multitude  of  nerves  there  are  in  the 
animal  fyftem,  who  is  ftnfible  that 
there  is  no  funfHon  thxt  can  be  per- 
formed  without  them,  will  eafily  ap- 
prehend that  by  the  fatigue  of  the 
medulla  a  languor  may  be  brought 
upon  all  the  nerves,  (btlwit  the  feveral 
fundioiis 
•  ?^aV  works,  p.  fi^t. 

Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


A    RBMAfCRABLE    LbtTBR.'  Sept. 

has  been  doae  bj  the  boufe  of  Dele- 


fan^^ont  may  be  weakened,  and  the 
ftrength  of  the  body  may,  without  its 
being  exereifed,  be  totally  exhaulled. 

It  is  uoiverfally  known  that  there 
are  books  compofed  without  any 
llrength  of  genius,  which  appear  quite 
iniipid  and  unafFe^ling  to  the  reader, 
and  only  tire  the  eyes  i  but  tho(e  that 
are  com^fed  with  an  exQuifite  force 
of  ideas,  and  with  an  exa6t  connexion 
of  thought,  elevate  the  (bul,  and  fa-. 
tigue  it  with  the  tery  pleafure,  which, 
the  more  compleat,  lading,  and  fre- 
quent it  is,  breaks  the  man  the  more  *. 

Malebranche  was  feized  with  dread- 
ful palpitations  in  reading  Defcancs*s 
man  ;  and  there  is  ftill  living  at  Paris 
a  profefior  of  rhetoric,  who  fainted 
away  whilft  he  was  perufmg  fome  of 
the  fublime  pafl'ages  of  Homer  f . 

As  we  propole  to  give  a  compleat 
analyiis  of  this  little  ingenious  per- 
formance, the  reft  muft,  for  want  of 
room,  be  deferred  to  our  next. 

MxtraS  of  a  Letter  from  Thomas  Cufh- 
ing,  Efq\  late  Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of 
Reprefentfit'wes  of  the  Pro^vmceofMAC- 
fachufett's  Bay,  !o  Dennys  Dc  Berdt, 


gatcsatMaryiand.  Tbeoolony  of  Rhode 
Ifland  has  immediately  upon  the  rcctp. 
tion  of  the  letter  abovemcntioned,  pre- 
pared an  addrefs  to  his  majtfly,  which 
will  (bon  be  forwarded.  Many  of  tat 
other  colonics  have  alfo  forwarded 
their  petitions  and  reprefentarions. 
The  people  through  the  continent  are 
greatly  alarmed,  and  will  never  be  cify 
till  the  late  aCts  arc  repealed,  and 
things  return  to  their  old  courfe.  The 
merchants  find  they  cannot  ¥end  your 
manufadures,  the  country  people  are 
fo  difguded,  and  are  detenniced  not 
to  continue  their  importations  of  Eng- 
lid)  goods.  We  have  in  the  barbour 
five  or  fix  veflTcls  of  war,  and  are  threat- 
ened with  troops.  If  they  Ihould  be 
fent  here  to  enforce  2k6U  of  parliametit, 
God  only  knows  what  vrill  be  tbe  event. 
This  we  are  fare  of,  that  be  the  nuin- 
ber  of  the  troops  ever  fo  great,  they 
cannot  force  us  cither  to  iinport,  Iwj, 
or  confume,  EngliHi  goods.  The  mer- 
cantile intcrelt  on  your  iidc  of  the  wa- 
ter is,  and  will  be,  greatly  afFe^ed  by 
thefe  meafures.     It   behoves  them  to 


^ ^     be(l:ir  themfelves  Upon  this  OGcalion,  if 

&q\  Agent  for  that  Pro-vince-^    dated    ?  bey  defign  to  prelcrve  their  trade.     1l 
Mfton,  July  13,  1768.  is  the  opinion  of  men  of  di(cernmenf 

and  good  judgments  ^^^^  (be  people 
through  the  continent  are  much  more 
alarmed  at  the  late  adts,  than  they 
were  at  the  ftamp  a^  ;  and  it  would  be 
vallly  moje  difficult  to  reconcile  tiis 
people  to  litem.  God  grant  that  the 
union  between  the  mother  country  and 


From  the  American  Gazette* 

'^  T  T  is  very  furprizing  to  people 
X  here,  that  the  circular  letter, 
tranfmitted  from  this  government  to 
the  other  colonies,  could  be  rcprefent- 
ed  and  confidered  by  the  miniHry  in 


fo  odious  a  light  as  it  appears  it  has     the  colonies  may  not  be  interrupted; 


been,  by  the  late  letter  from  the  earl 
of  Hillfborongh.  It  is  amazing,  that 
a  meafure  fo  innocent,^  fo  prudent, 
and  that  had  fuch  a' tendency  to  quiet 
the  minds  of  the  people,  fhould  be  fo 
xnilconftrued.  However,  it  feems  the 
letter  from  the  earl  of  Hilliborough, 
reipe^ng  this  affair,  hsrs  had  quite  a 
ditferent  effeft  from  what  was  dcfign- 
cd  and  expeded  :  Ifndcad  of  prevent- 
ing the  colonies  from  uniting  in  their 
application  to  the  thi-one  for  relief,  it 
Jbas  ferved  to  make'  them  more  foli- 
citous.  than  ever  of  an  union  in  fenti- 
ment  and  meafures.  This  you  will 
percive,  tipon  perufmg  the  inclofed 
News  paper,  where  you  will  find  what 

^  "Th  an  admirable  obfer^vation  of  Montefquieu :  Alt  things  fai^ue  us  at  Utjf^  sxd 
mbo*ve  all  great  pUafures\  the  fibres^  thai  ivere  the  organs  of  it,  fiand  in  need  ofrefl  i 
iMe  mufi  emfky  others  be  ter  adapted  tofer*ue  us,,  and  thus,  as  it  avere,  dhade  exr 
kthour,    Efl'ay  upon  Tafte. 

f  Lony  upon  mclanchot/and  melancholy  di£}rder#.    Torn*  /I 

Tkl 


and  that  thofe  at  the  helm  may  be  en- 
dowed with  all  that  wifdom  which  may 
be  needful  to  direct  at  foch  a  critiod 
day  1  I  doubt  not  your  good  wilhes  tor 
America.*' 

WE  have  obliged  our  readers, 
this  month,  with  a  fine  priat 
of  Mr.  Foote,  in  the  ch:>rafterof  Ma- 
jor Sturgeon,  in,  the  Mayor  of  Garret, 
of  which  humourous  entef(aiAment  an 
account  is  given  in  our  volume  for 
'7^3>  P»  37»— 375*  ^^^  have  al(b  gi- 
ven them  an  ^legant  View  of  the  Eari 
of  Wcftmorland*s  beautiful  (bat  in  ths 
county  of  Kent,  fo  greatly  admired. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


X 


V      ■ 


m^>m 


■'   ..  i' 


4  1*1, 


V       '1" 


llllll 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


X76S.  457 

The  Hiftory  of  the  lad  Seffion  of  Parliament,  fcfr. 

The  Hiflory  of  the  Sejfion  of  Parliament  nvh'ub  hnan  Nov.  ii,  1766,  being  the  /ixth 
Seffion  of  the  7i.velfth  Parliament  o/'Great-Briti<in,  luitb  an  Account  of  all  the  ma- 
terial ^ejlions  therein  determined ^  and  of  the  folitical  Dif^utes  thereby  occafioned 
^without  Doors,     Continued  from  p.  404. 


THERE   remains   ftill  behind   a 
number  of  a6>s    that  pa  (Ted  in 
this  fellion  for  inclofing  commons,  in 
every  part  of  England,  and  fonie  fent 
in  Cambridgefhire,   LincoInHiire,  &c. 
To  prepare  the  public  for  thefc  adts 
feveral  elfays  and  letters  were  inferted, 
before  the  meeting  of  parliament,  in 
the  public  papers,  complaining  of  the 
many  commons  and  walle  grounds  in 
this  kingdom,  as  being  of  little  ufe  to 
the  public,   and   attempting  to  fhew 
that  by  rendering  them   private  pro- 
perty, and  inclofmg  them,  the  quan- 
tity  of   corn    produced     in    England 
would  be  greatly  increafcd,  and  all  fu- 
ture fcarcity  prevented  i  confiqucntly 
the  little  damage  that  private  perfons 
could  fufFer  would  be  greatly  overba- 
lanced by  the  public  utility  :  A  fpe- 
cious  argument  in  favour  of  the  bills 
afterwards  brought  into    the    houfe« 
which  were  extremely  numerous,  and 
^e  far  greated  part  of  them  meeting 
with    little  or  no   oppofition,    pafled 
through  the  houfe  with  extraordinary 
rapidity.— However,  the  advantages 
propofed  by  thefe  a£ls  appeared  to  the 
public  to  be  diftant  and  uncertain,  and 
indeed  to  center  only  in  thofe  gcntle- 
Bien   who  obtained  the  a6ls  ;  but  as 
they  deprived  the  poorer  fort  of  far- 
mers  ot    an   advantage  necefl'ary   for 
their  fupport,    and    reduced   to  ruin 
many  cottagers,    who   were    able    by 
means  of  thefe  commons  to  maintain 
a  cow  or  two,  and  to  bring  up  fami- 
lies that  have  furnifhed  hardy  young 
fellows  for  the  plough,  and  from  whom 
-our  armies  in  time  of  war  have  been 
chiefly  fupplied,  people  conddered  thefe 
adbs  as  tending  to  decreafe  the  national 
Hrength,  and  to  depopulate  the  coun- 
try.    By  what  means  thefe  lands  be- 
came common,   thofe  who  laid  claim 
to  them  did   not  enquire.     Some  of 
them  were   probably  grants  from  the 
crown,  made  in  very  early  times,   to 
reward  the  neighbouring  inhabitants 
for  fome  fignal  fervice,  and  others  prc- 
fcnted   bv   our  ancient    nobility   and 
gentry,  from  a  fpirit  of  humanity,  to 
enable  the  people  near  thofe  comcnons 
to  keep  a   horfe  or  cow.     Hgwever, 
8ept,  1768. 


thofe  who  were  fu/Ferers  naturally  con- 
fidered  themfelves  as  deprived  of  their 
patrimony,  and  thefe  a^s  created 
great  difcontent  throughout  the  whole 
nation,  they  being,  to  appearance  at 
lead,  calculated  to  pleafe  none  but  the 
wealthy  landlords,  who  thus  added  to 
their  eftates  very  large  tracks  of  land, 
to  which  it  does  not  appear  that  be- 
fore the  paHdng  of  thefe  a&s,  they  had 
any  l«gal  claim. 

It  would  be  impofllble  to  give  here 
even  a  fummary  account  of  the  pair- 
ing of  all  thefe  a6ls,  nor  would  that 
afford  either  inftrudion  or  entertain* 
ment  to  the  reader,  it  will  be  fulHcient 
to  mention  one  of  them,  and  we  ra- 
ther chufe  to  give  one  which  did  not 
meet  with  fuccefs,  i^  order  to  (hew 
that  a  due  attention  was  paid  to  the 
objeflions  laid  before  the  houfe. 

On  the  nth  of  Dec.  was  prefented  to 
the  houfe  and  read,  a  petition  of  the  lord 
of  the  manors  of  Stan  well  andHemonds, 
alias  Shipcot,  in  the  county  of  Mid- 
dlefex,  the  impropriators  of  the  great 
tythes,  and  the  vicar  of  the  parish  of 
Stanwell,  within  the  faid  manor,  and 
of  the    mod  coniiderable  proprietors 
of  lands  and  eftates   within  the   faid 
manor  and  parilh  j  fetting  forth,    that 
there  are  within  the  faid  manor  and 
parifh,  feveral  large  open  arable  fields, 
and    meadow  grounds,    wherein    the 
properties  of  the  petitioners,    and  o- 
thers,    lie    greatly   intermixed  j     and 
that   if   the  faid  fields   and    meadow 
grounds,     and     alfo    the    commons, 
moors,    and  wafte  lands,    within  the 
faid    paridi,  which   are  likewife  very 
extenfive,   were  inclofed   and   divided 
into   fpecific  jillotracnts,    it  would   be 
of  advantage  to  all  perfons  interefted 
therein,    and  therefore   praying  that 
leave  may  be  given  to  bring  in  a  bill  fov 
thofe  pur pofes.  On  which  it  was  ordered, 
that  leave  be  given  to  bring  in  a  bill 
purfuant  to  the  prayer  of  the  faid  peti- 
tion i  and   that  Mr.  Bufrell  and  Mr. 
Coventry  do  prepare  and  bring  in  the 
fame.     On  the  27th  Mr.  Burrell  ^e- 
fented  the   bill  to   the    houfe,    under 
the  title  of  A  bill  for  dividing  and  in- 
cloii ng  the  feveral  open  arable  fields, 
M  m  m  *  meadow 


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45?  "  3^*^  History  of  the  Iqfi  Seffion  of  Parliament.     Sept; 


meadow  grounds,  or  lamraas  land, 
commons,  moors,  and  wade  lands, 
within  the  manors  of  Stanwell  and 
Hemonds,  alias  Sbipcot,'and  parifh  of 
Stanwell,  in  the  county  of  Middlefex  ; 
and  it  being  received  and  read  a  firil 
time,  was  ordered  to  be  read  a  fecond. 
However  on  the  i8th  of  February, 
a  petition  of  the  feveral  perfons,  whof^ 
names  ar^  thereunto  fubfcribed,  being 
owners,  or  occupiers,  of  cottages  or 
tenements  in  the  parifh  of  Stanwell, 
in  the  county  of  Middlefex,  was  pre- 
fentcd  to  the  houfe,  and  read  j  fet- 
ting  forth,  that  the  petitioners  ob- 
ferve,  by  the  votes  of  the  houfe,  that 
a  bill  is  now  depending  for  dividing 
and  incloiing  the  feveral  open  arable 
fields,  meadow  grounds,  commons, 
moors,  and  wafte  lands,  within  the 
faid  parifh  of  St^well ;  and  that  the 
petitioners,  in  right  of  their  faid  cot- 
tages and  tenements,  are  fcveraliy  in- 
titied  to  common  of  pafttire  for  their 
cattle  and  (beep,  upon  all  the  faid  com- 
mons, moors,  and  wafte  lands,  at  all 
times  in  the  year,  and  upon  the  large 
common  called  Hounflow  Heath  ;  and 
the  petitioners,  in  the  rights  aforefaid, 
are  alfo  in  titled  to,  and  do  enjoy  com- 
mon of  Turbary  on  the  faid  commons, 
and  heath,  and  that  the  lord  of  the  nna- 
nor  of  Stanwell  lately  caufed  part  of  the 
faid  moors  within  the  faid  partlh,  to 
be  fenced  in,  and  inclofed  with  pales 
for  his  own  fole  and'  feparate  ufe, 
without  the  confent  of  the  petitioners 
and  other  perfons  intitled  to  a  right 
of  common  therein,  which  faid  pales 
have  been  fmce  pulled  down  by  feveral 
of  the  petitioners  and  others,  againft 
whom  feveral  adions  have  been  com- 
menced by  the  lord  of  the  faid  ma- 
nor, in  order  to  try  the  petitioners 
faid  right  of  common  therein,  all 
which  anions  are  now  depending  {  and 
that  the  petitioners  apprehend,  and 
believe  in  cafe  the  faid  bill  fhould  pafs 
into  a  law,  the  legality  of  the  peti- 
tioners faid  rights  will  be  left  to  the 
determination  of  commiflioners  un- 
qualified to  judge  of  the  fame ;  and 
that  in  cafe  the  petitioners  faid  rights 
ihouid  be  allowecl  by  fuch  commiflion- 
ers, that  no  adequate  compenfation  in 
land  will  or  can  be  awarded  to  the  pe- 
titioners for  the  fame  j  and  that  the 
dividing  and  ineloiing  the  faid  com- 
mons, moors,  and  walie  lands  within 
the  faid  pariih,  will  greatly  injure  and 
«liftreis  many  |  and  therefore  praying, 


that  they  may  be  heard  by  their  coun- 
fel  again  ft  the  faid  bill,  and  tliat  the 
fame  may  not  pafs  into  a  law. 

The  fame  day  a  petition  of  George 
Richard  Carter,  £(q}  Samuel  Clark, 
Efaj  Jcrvoife  Clark,  Efq;  John  BuK 
lock,  Efq;  and  the  feveral  other  per«> 
fons  whofe  names  are  thereunto  fub- 
fcribed, being  owners  and  proprietors 
of  farms  and  lands  in  the  pariOi  of 
Stanwell,  in  the  county  of  Middlefex, 
was  alfo  prefented  to  the  houfe,  and 
read  s  alfo  taking;  notice  of  the  iaid 
bill ;  and  fetting  torth,  that  the  peti* 
tioners,  in  right  of  the  faid  farms,  as 
alfo  the  owners  of  near  one  hundred 
cottages  or  tenements  within  the  faid 
parifh.  and  their  refpedtive  tenants  are 
feverally  intitled  to,  and  do  enjoy, 
common  of  pafture,  for  their  cattle, 
and  fheep,  upon  all  the  faid  commons, 
moors,  and  wafte  lands,  within  the 
faid  parifh,  at  all  times  of  the  year, 
except  for  (heep,  without  any  ftint  or 
proportion  whatfoever,  and  a  right  of 
mtercommoning  wiih  the  tenants  of 
feveral  other  manors,  at  all  times  in  the 
year,  and  without  ftint,  in,  over,  and 
upon,  Hounflow  Heath  ;  and  that  the 
petitioners  apprehend  that  the  divi- 
ding and  inclofing  the  faid  fields, 
meadows,  commons,  moors,  and 
wafte  lands,  in  the  faid  parifh,  will 
be  attended  with  very  great  inconve- 
nience to  the  petitioners,  without  any 
advantage  to  them  $  and  therefore 
praying,  that  they  may  be  heard  by 
their  counfel  againft  the  faid  bill,  and 
that  the  fame  may  not  pafs- into  a  law. 
Thefc  petitions  were  feverally  or- 
dered to  lie  upon  the  table  till  the 
above  bill  fhould  be  read  a  fecond 
time,  when  the  petitioners  were  to  be 
heard  by  their  counfel  againft  the  bill 
if  they  thought  fit ;  and  that  at  the 
fame  time  counfel  fhould  be  admitted 
to  be  heard  in  favour  of  the  bill  againft 
thefe  petitions. 

On  the  s6th  of  the  fame  month  was 
prefented  tp  the  houfe  and  read,  a  peti- 
tion of  the  feveral  perfons  whofe  names 
are  thereunto  fubfcribed,  being  own- 
ers, and  occupiers  of  meffuages,  farms, 
lands,  and  tenements,  within  the  fe- 
veral parifhes  of  Harmon dfworth,  Har- 
lington,  Cranford,  Hefton,  Ifleworth, 
Twickenham,  Teddington,  Hampton. 
Hanworth,  Feltham,  and  Eaft  Bed- 
font,  in  the  county  of  Middlefex,  fet- 
ting forth,  that  the  feveral  commons, 
and  wafte  iai^ds,  lying  within  the  faid 

parift 


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1768.     Tie  HiSTORY  of  the  laft  Sefllon  ^/Parliament 


pari(h  of  Stanwell,  intended  to  be 
inclofedy  are  part  of  the  large  and  ex- 
tenfive  common,  or  heatb,  called  Houn- 
flow  Heath,  over  and  upon  every  part 
of  which,  the  petitioners,  as  well  as 
the  owners,  and  occupiers  of  mcflu- 
ages,  cottages,  lands,  and  tenements, 
within  the  faid  pariHi,  beinj  parifti- 
oners  and  inhabitants  within  the  fame 
pariQies,  are  in  titled  to,  and  have  for 
time  immemorial  enjoyed  common  of 
padure  for  their  cattle  and  Iheep,  at 
all  times  in  the  year,  without  ftint  5 
and,  in  cafe  fuch  part  of  the  faid  heath, 
as  extends  into  the  pari(h  of  Stanwell, 
is  inclofed,  fuch  inclofure  will  not  on- 
ly he  very  injurious  to  all  the  owners 
and  occupiers  of  lands,  cottages,  and 
tenements,  in  the  faid  pari(h  of  Stan- 
well,  except  the  lord  of  the  faid  ma- 
nors, but  will  alfo  be  prejudicial  to 
the  rights  and  properties  of  the  peti- 
tioners and  others  intitled  to  fuch 
right  of  common  as  aforefaid ;  and 
therefore  praying,  that  the  faid  bill 
may  nor  pafs  into  a  law. 

This  petition  was  alfo  ordered  to  lie 
ifpon  the  table  till  the  bill  was  rbad  a 
fecond  time. 

On   the  3d  of  March,  the  counfel 
for   and   againft  the  bill  were  called  j 
i^hen  the  counfel  for   the   bill    were 
heard,  and  feveral  witneffes  examined 
in  fupport  of  the  bill  againft  the  above 
petitions  ;  and  then  the  counfel  pro- 
pofed  to  call  a  witnefs  in  order  to  dif- 
prove  the  right  of  the  feveral  parifhes 
adjacent  to  HounQow  Heath  to  inter- 
comraon  with  the  pariQi  of  Stanwell 
over  the  faid  heath  ;    but  the  counfel 
for  the  petitioners  obje6ted  to  the  pro- 
<3ucing  of  fuch   evidence,    and   gave 
their  reafons  for  this  obje6^ion  j    the 
counftl  for  the   bill  were  then   heard 
in   anfwer  j  and  thofe  for  the  petition- 
ers being  heard  in  reply,  the  counfel 
€>n   both  fides   were  ordered  to  wii,h- 
cfraw.     Which   having   done,    it   was 
rciblved,  that  the  counfel  for  the  bill 
^ould  be  admitted  to  produce  evidence 
to  difprove  the  right  of  the  feveral  pa- 
ri ihcs  adjacent  to  Hounflow  Heath,  to 
jintercommon  with  the  parirti  of  Stan- 
^MTcll  over  the  faid  heath.     After  which 
rlic     counfel   for  and   againlt  the  bill 
^%fere  again  called  in,  and  Mr.  Speak- 
^r   having  acquainted  them  with  that 
j-ciblution,    the  counfel    for    the  bill 
examined   the  witnefs,  and  then  fum- 
gxicd  up  his  evidence  j  when  one  of  the 
^otui/ci  agaifllt  the  bill,  being  heard  by 


459 

way  of  reply;  the  counfel  on  both 
fides  were  direfted  to  withdraw.  The 
fpeaker  then  opened  the  bill,  when  a 
motion  being  made,  and  the  queftion 
put,  that  the  bill  be  committed^  it 
pafled  in  the  negative. 

Thus  this  bill,  by  the  ftrength  of 
the  oppofition  it  met  with,  was  thrown 
out;  but  this  could  not  be  the  cafe 
where  none  were  injured  birt  thofe  ii| 
low  circumftances  ;  for  how  fhould  a 
number  of  poor  farmers,  juft  able  to 
pay  a  fmall  rent,  and  bring  up  their 
families,  by  the  advantage  they  receiv- 
ed from  a  neighbouring  common  j  or 
ignorant  cottagers,  obtain  either  the 
knowledge  or  ability  neceflary  to  caufe 
the  hardftiips  they  would  fuffer  to  be 
laid  before  the  houfe,  or  to  fee  coun- 
fel  to  plead  their  caufe  againft  a 
wealthy  landlord,  or  lord  of  the  ma- 
nor. Thus  it  was  impoffible  that  they 
fhould  make  any  oppofition  to  what 
was  carrying  on  to  their  prejudice; 
and  though  their  cafe  was  known  to 
many  of  the  members,  yet  as  thofe 
members  were,  in  many  cafes,  parties 
concerned,  they  could  not  with  any 
de|;ree  of  prudence,  while  they  were 
foliciting  thefe  a6is,  (hew  the  inconve- 
niences with  which  they  would  be 
attended.  On  the  other  hand,  what 
thofe  who  counteimnced  thefe  bills 
urged  in  their  defence  is  worthy  of 
condderation,  that  lands  poifefled  in 
common  by  the  inhabitants  of  one  or 
more  parirfies,  are  generally  ne^le6led, 
and  it  cannot  well  be  fuppofed  that 
they  will  ever  be  improved  to  fuch  a 
degree  as  when  they  are  rendered 
private  property  ;  the  individuals  who 
reap  benefit  from  a  common  not  being 
intei  eftcd  to  manure  and  improve  the 
foil  to  the  beft  advantage,  in  the  fame 
degree  as  the  perfon  who  has  rendered 
it  his  private  property;  nor  can  fuch 
lands,  while  common,  be  converted 
into  corn  6elds  ;  hence  though  many 
individuals  may  be  lofers  by  inclofing 
them,  the  perfons  who  add  them  to 
their  eftates  are  not  the  only  gainers  ; 
fince  improving  the  lands  of  any  coun- 
try, is  univerfally  allowed  to  be  a  pub- 
lic benefit. 

I  have  now  given  an  account  of  the 
moft  remarkable  bills  brought  into 
the  houfe  during  the  fi'xth  ielTion  of 
parliament,  and  have  only  to  add, 
that  the  bufinefs  of  the  feffion  being 
concluded  on  the  2d  of  July,  his  ma- 
jcfty  then  came  to  the  houfe  of  peers, 

M  m  m  a  diefled 


■  Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^be  History  of  the  lajl  Seflion  of  Parliament     Sept, 

volume  of  this  Magazine,  |).  355.  The 
Lord  Chancellor  then  by  his  majefty*! 
command  prorogued  the  fcflion  to  the 
3iftof  Auguft  following  J  from  that 
day  it  was  prorogued  to  the  7th  of  Oc- 
tober ;  and  from  thence  it  was  farther 
prorogued  to  the  24th  of  November. 


460 

^relfed  in  his  royal  robes,  and  being 
feated  on  the  throne,  the  commons 
were,  as  ulual,  fent  for,  and  hit  ma- 
jcfty  after  giving  the  royal  aflent  to  fe- 
\eral  public  and  private  a£ts,  put  an 
end  to  that  feflion  by  a  moft  gracious 
fpeech,  which  was  inferted  in  the  laft 


The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  Seflion  of  Parliament,  Gfr. 

The  HiJIory  tf  the  SeJJion  of  Parliament ^  nuh'tcb  be^an  Nov.  14,  1767.  being  tbefeventb 
Sejfmn  of  the  Tiuelfth  Parliament  tf/'Great-Britain  j  ivitb  an  Account  of  all  the  matt' 
rial  ^eflioms  therein  determined^  and  of  the  political  Difputestberehj  occajioned  ivilb* 
out  Doors. 


THE  two  houfes  having  aflem- 
blcd  at  Wcftminftcr  on  the  24th 
of  November,  his  majefty  went  with 
the  ufiial  ftate  to  the  houfe  of  peers, 
and  opened  the  fcfTion  with  a  moft  gra- 
cious fpeech  from  the  throne,  which 
was  inferted  in  the  laft  vol.  p.  548.  The 
commons  then  returning  to  their 
lioufe,  Mr.  Speaker,  asufual,  rejd  to 
them  the  fpeech,  of  which  he  had  a 
copy,  and  a  motion  was  made  that 
an  humble  addrefs  be  prefented  to  his 
maiefty,  to  return  his  majefty  the 
thanks  of  this  houfe  for  his  moft  gra- 
cious fpeech  from  the  throne: 

To  acknowledge  his  majefty's  good- 
nefs  and  attention  to  the  convenience 
of  his  people,  in  calling  his  parlia- 
ment together  at  this  time  ;  and  to 
alTure  his  majefty,  that  we  will  endea- 
vour to  improve  the  opportunity 
•which  the  prefent.  happy  ftate  of 
peace  and  tranquillity  affords,  by  ex- 
erting our  utmoft  abilities  in  the  pro- 
fccution  of  fuch  meafures  as  may  moft 
cffedVually  promote  the  public  welfare 
and  profperity  : 

That  we  arc  equally  fcnfible  of  his 
jnajefty^s  paternal  care,  in  the  mea- 
sures already  taken  by  his  majefty  to 
alleviate  the  diftreflTes  of  the  poor ;  and 
of  his  royal  wildom,  in  recommending 
the  fame  interefting  and  important  ob- 
jef^  to  the  coniideration  of  his  parlia- 
nlent ;  and  that  we  will  not  fail  to  take 
into  our  moft  attentive  deliberation  all 
iiich  meafures  as  (hail  appear  conducive 
to  the  accompliftiment  of  that  great 
and  moft  defirable  end  : 

To  congratulate  his  majefty  on  the 
late  increase  of  his  royal  family,  by  the 
bir^h  of  a  prince  |  and  to  affure  his  ma-' 
jefty  that  we  regard  as  an  addition  to 
tiie  happinefs  and  welfare  of  this  nation 


every  increafe  of  that  illuftrious  houfey 
under  whofe  mild  and  aufpicious  go- 
vernment our  religious  and  civil  liber- 
ties have  been  fo  happily  maintained 
and  prote6led  : 

That  it  is  therefore  with  equal  grief 
and  anxiety  we  rcfleft  on  the  late  un- 
timely lofs  of  his  majetty's  royal  brother, 
the  Duke  of  Yorkj  whofe  early  and 
ready  zeal  in  his  country's  caufe  ftiewcd 
him  worthy  of  the  heroic  race  he  fprang 
from;  and  whofe  amiable  virtues,  in 
the  more  private  fcenes  of  life,  muft- 
ever  make  his  memory  dear  to  all  who, 
had  the  happinefs  of  approaching  him  : 

To  adure  his  majefty,  that  this  houfe 
will,  with  a  zeal  and  alacrity  becoming 
the  reprefentatives  ol  an  afftftionatc 
and  grateful  people,  readily  grant  fuch 
fupplies  as  ftiall  be  requifite  for  the  fup- 
port  of  his  majtfty's  government,  for 
advancing  the  honour  and  intereft  of 
this  country,  and  eft'wdlually  providing 
for  the  public  fafety : 

And  that  our  regard  to  his  majefty '• 
recommendation,  as  well  as  the  indif- 
penfible  duty  we  owe  to  thofe  whom 
we  reprefent,  will  make  us  carneftly 
attentive  to  the  great  objcft  of  dimi- 
nift)ing  the  national  debt ;  being  con- 
vinced that  nothing  can  fo  eftcctually 
tend  to  add  real  lull  re  and  dignity  to 
his  majefty 's  government,  or  to  give 
folid  and  permanent  ftrength  to  thefe 
kingdoms : 

That  with  thefe  views,  and  in  thefe 
fentiments,  we  will  endeavour,  wit'a  the 
utmoft  unanimity  and  difpatch,  to  pro- 
mote the  public  fervice,  and  to  deferve, 
by  our  fincere  and  unwearied  labours 
for  the  general  good,  that  confidence 
which  it  has  pleafed  his  majefty  to  re- 
pofe  in  us:  not  doubting  of  his  ma- 
jeft;'8  gracious  difpofuion  to  confirm 

and 


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1768.     The  History  cf  the  lafi  Seflion  (^/^ Parliament.     461 

and  perf*6^  what  our  true  zeal  may    the    houfe,    whether    the    deficiency 
fuggeft,  for  the  lading  advantage  and    therein    arifing,    partly    from  former 

calamities,  not  yet  repaired,  ought  not, 
during  the  prefcnt  exigency,  to  be 
fupplied  by  a  free  importation.  That 
the  petitioners  trull  the  houfe  (after 
providing  fome  immediate  relief  for 
the  prefent  urgent  ncccflitics)  will  turn 
their  thoughts  to  more  lading  and  ex- 
tenfive  regulations,  which  (as  far  as 
human  wifdom  can)  may  prevent  the 
like  difficulties  for  the  future.  The 
petitioners  think  it  a  duty  incumbent 
on  them,  humbly  to  lay  before  the 
houfe  fuch  confiderations  as  have  oc- 
curred to  them,  on  this  important  fub- 
jc6V.  In  the  firit  place,  the  petitioners 
humbly  conceive.  That,  although  a 
moderate  bounty  on  the  exportation 
of  corn  and  grain,  in  times  of  great 
plenty  and  cheapnefs,  may  be  a  wife 
and  neceffary  encouragement  to  the 
cultivation  and  increafe  thereof,  and 
the  prefent  bounty  has,  in  fa£t,  made 
them  cheaper  than  they  were  before 
(fome  few  unfavourable  feafons  only 
excepted)  ;  and  although  the  exporta- 
tion of  our  furplus  appears  a  necetfary 
and  highly  beneficial  trade  to  the  na- 
tion in  general ;  yet  as  the  confump- 
tion  of  wheat  is  become  much  more 
general  within  this  kingdom  fmce  the 
commencement  of  the  bounty,  the  pe- 
titioners conceive  it  might  now  be 
good  policy  to  reduce  the  higheft 
bounty  price  thereof  to  a  more  mode- 
rtite  fum  :  and  it  appears  probable  to 
the  petitioners,  that  if  the  bounty  had 
fome  years  ago  been  limited  to  what 
has  been  the  avcragie  price  fmce  the 
year  1688,  it  might  have  preferved  to 
this  country  all  the  wheat  which  has 
been  exported  at  the  intermediate 
prices,  and  ail  the  money  that  has 
been  paid  to  re-place  it  with  foreign 
corn,  of  a  much  inferior  quality.  Se- 
condly, That  the  afts  relating  to  the 
bounty  are  defc£li\e,  in  not  txprefsly 
reftraining  it  to  grain  of  the  growth 
of  this  kingdom,  the  exporters  from 
the  out- ports  (Berwick  upon  T<wied 
only  excepted)  not  being  called  upon 
to  make  any  proof  thereof,  whereby 
the  intentions  of  parliament  may,  in 
fome  meafure  h:^ve  been  fruftrated,  and 
the  public  revenue  defrauded.  Third- 
ly, That  the  prefent  method  of  afcer- 
tainin^  the  bounty  price  alfo  appears 
defe^^ive  in  feveral  particulars,  which 
foxt,  they  fubmic  it  to  the  wifdom  of   (in  the  port  of  London  at  leaft)  might 

be 


happinefs  of  his  people. 

The  houfe  was  then  moved,  that  his 
inajefty's  mod  gracious  fpeech,  to  both 
houfes  of  parliament,  upon  Thurfday 
the  2d  day  of  July,  in  the  laft  feflion  of 
parliament,  might  be  read. 

After  which  it  was  refolved  that  an 
humble  addrefs  be  prefented  to  his  ma- 
jedy  ;  and  a  committee  being  appoint- 
ed to  draw  it  up,  they  were  directed 
tQ  withdraw  immediately  for  that  pur- 
pofe  into  the  fpeaker's  chamber.  It  was 
then  refolved,  that  the  houfe  would  the 
next  morning  refolve  itfelf  into  a  com- 
mittee of  the  whole  houfe  to  confider 
of  the  feveral  a6ls  pafl'ed  in  the  lad  fef- 
iion  of  parliament,  relative  to  corn 
and  provifions.  The  houfe  being  foon 
after  informed  that  the  (heriffs  of  the 
city  of  London  attended  at  the  door, 
they  were  called  in,  and  having  pre- 
fented to  tke  houfe  the  following  peti- 
tion from  the  lord  mayor,  aldermen  and 
commons  of  the  city  of  London  in 
common  council,  withdrew.  The  faid 
petition  was  then  read  j  fetting  forth, 
that  the  prefen^  high  prices  of  grain, 
and  all  other  forts  of  provifions,  parti- 
cularly in  the  metropolis,  forcibly  call 
upon  the  petitioners,  humbly  to  folicit 
the  earned  attention  of  the  houfe,  to 
the  didreffes  of  the  indudrious  poor, 
whofe  (ituation,  whild  it  excites  com- 
paiFion  for  the  immediate  fufferers, 
cannot  but  raife  the  apprehenfions  of 
the  legidature,  for  the  confequences 
thereof  to  the  manufadlures,  trade, 
and  population,  and  ultimately  to  the 
landed  intered,  of  Great  Britain ;  and 
that  the  petitioners  mod  gratefully  ac- 
knowledge the  wifdom  and  goodnefs 
of  parliament,  in  the  a£ts  pad«d  lad 
feHion,  for  prohibiting  the  exportation, 
and  allowing  the  free  importation,  of 
corn  and  grain,  and  (in  part)  redrain- 
ing  the  didillery  \  humbly  truding, 
that  the  houfe  will  be  of  opinion,  not 
to  fuffer  thofe  falutary  regulations 
to  expire,  until  the  produce  of  the  next 
year's  harved  (hall  be  clearly  known, 
and  the  -  poor  manufacturer,  and  la- 
bourer, fecure  of  bread,  at  a  moderate 
price.  That  the  dearnefs  of  flcfti- 
meat,  fldi,  and  other  necedaries,  at 
this  time,  feem  (in  the  judgment  of 
the  petitioners)  alfo  to  require  fome 
fpeedy  and  effcftual  relief  \  and  there- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC         ^ 


'462     ^e  History  of  the  lajl  ScfTion  #/ Parliament.      Sept. 


be  remedied,  by  taking  the  aTerage 
price,  as  weekly  returned  upon  oath 
to  the  court  of  lord  mayor  and  alder- 
men of  the  faid  city.  Fourthly,  That 
the  market  hours  not  being  fixed  by. 
law,  gives  undue  advantages  to  fpecu- 
lative  and  dcfigning  men,  and  tends 
to  enhance  the  price  of  the  ncceflfa- 
rics  of  life,  to  the  con  Turner.  Fifthly, 
That  the  prefent  regulations  in  the  af- 
ffze  of  bread  feem  highly  difadvanta* 
geous  to  the  poor,  who,*  as  the  peti- 
tioners humbly  conceive,  might  be  fup- 
plied  cheaper,  and  better,  if  only  one 
fort  of  bread  was  made  aflizeabie* 
Sixthly,  That  the  great  increafe  in  the 
breed  of  horfes  (owing  partly  to  the 
growing  pra^ice  of  employing  them, 
inftead  of  Oxen,  in  tillage,  and  partly 
to  the  great  demands  from  abroad), 
has  greatly  contributed  to  diminifh  the 
number  of  cattle  for  (laughter,  and  ne- 
cefi'arily  tends  to  enhance  the  price 
thereof,  which  the  pctiti<mers  appre- 
hend, might  be  corrected,  by  a  duty 
upon  the  exportation  of  horfes,  and  a 
fmaU  bounty  upon  the  ufe  of  oxen  in 
tillage.  Seventhly,  That  the  fcarcity 
of  grown  cattle,  and  conftmiently  the 
dearnefs  of  flefti  meat,  are  (till  farther 
iiKreafed  by  the  unlimited  deftrudtion 
of  ewe  lambs,  and  cow  calves,  in  all 
feafons  of  the  year,  merely  to  gratify 
the  unreasonable  appetite  of  the  rich 
and  luxurious.  Eighthly,  That  the  pre- 
vailing pradice  of  coniolidating  fmall 
farms  not  only  tends  to  render  many 
articles  of  proviiion  and  confumption 
fcarce,  but  muft,  in  time,  depopulate 
the  country  of  it's  mod  ufeful  inhabi- 
tants, by  depriving  the  induftrious 
poor  both  of  labour  and  habitation. 
Laftly,  That  the  mifguided  and  often 
ill-grounded  refentment  of  the  common 
people,  in  times  of  public  ca'amity  (by 
prompting  them  to  deftroy  mills,  corn, 
and  other  proviiion*,  and  to  obftruft 
the  removal  of  the  latter  from  one 
place  to  another)  is  not  only  an  in- 
jury to  their  fellow- fubjefts,  but  al- 
{o  to  themfelves,  by  aggravating  the 
very  evils  they  complain  of;  and  there- 
fore, for  their  fakes,  as  well  as  that  of 
the  public,  ought  to  be  timely  and  ef- 
fectually prevented,  or  fuppreffed. 
And  therefore  praying  the  houfe,  to 
take  thefe  important  matters  into  their 
moft  ferious  confideration,  and  to  pro- 
vide fuch  remedies  as  their  refpeaive 
natures  (ball  appear  to  requlrCi  or  ad* 


mit,  and  fuch  as  the  houfe  (hall  judge 
confident  with  the  real  and  permanent 
interefts  of  the  whole  kingdom. 

This  was  followed  by  a  petition  of 
the  mayor  and  burgeflcs  of  the  borough 
of  Devizes  in  Wiltfhire,  complaining 
of  the  dittrelfes  of  the  poor  from  the 
dearnefs  of  corn  and  other  proyi(ions, 
and  alfo  of  the  high  price  of  wool ; 
praying  the  houfe  to  take  the  premifes 
into  confideration,  and  provide  fuch 
remedies  for  the  di(lre(res  of  the  poor, 
as  fliould  be  thought  prudent  and 
fitting.  Thefe  petitions  were  feve- 
rally  ordered  to  be  referred  to  the 
confideration  of  the  committee  of  the 
whole  houfe,  to  whom  it  was  referred 
to  condder  of  the  feveral  a6Vs  pafTed  in 
the  laft  fefTion  of  parliament,  relative 
to  corn  and  provifions. 

[To  be  continued  in  our  next.'} 

To    the    PRINTER,    &c. 
S  I  R, 

IT  is  to  be  obfervcd,  that  thofe  in* 
fe^s,  no  Ud  de(lru6tive  than  per- 
nicious, by  fome  called  weevils,  by 
others  whools,  black  bobs  or  creepers, 
are  like  fmall  ants  that  breed  in  Sum- 
mer from  the  dampnefs  of  the  grain, 
particularly  wheat  and  malt,  and  will 
not  only  dedroy  the  kernels  in  a  (hort 
time,  but  4ikewife  fpoil  the  grain  if 
ground  down  with  them  in  it,  which 
IS  commonly  the  cafe,  and  but  too  fre- 
quently, I  apprehend,  the  occa(ion  of 
the  (Irangury  and  head-ache  (b  much 
complained  of;  for  thefe  infefts  abound 
with  a  (harp,  corrofive  fait,  like  to  can- 
tharides,  which  equally  with  them  are 
hatched  on  wheat,  the  leaves  of  poplar, 
&c.  and  like  them  occafion  a  heat  or 
pain  in  divers  parts  of  the  body.  It 
greatly  therefore  behoves  all  com 
traders  to  guard  againft  them  for  their 
own  intereO,  and  to  be  attentive  to 
their  dcrtru6Hon  for  the  piiblick  good. 
Drynefs  and  coolnefs  are  the  e(rentials 
neceflary  for  the  fecurity  and  preferva- 
tion  of  corn ;  it  is  a  long  time  in  part* 
ing  with  its  natural  internal  moifture, 
having  a  flrong  tendency  to  heat  and 
fermentation,  which  is  the  greateft 
enemy  to  its  prefervation,  by  iYiducing 
the  weevil  and  other  maladies  to  its 
deftr\i6lion.  It  is  therefore  neceffary 
it  (hould  fweat  in  the  mow,  and  not 
be  thre(hed  out  till  the  January  or  Fe- 
bruary after  reaping,  and  when  threlh- 
ed  be  well  clean fi^  by  the  fcreen  or 

iryer 


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1768. 


Method  of  dejlroying  Weevilsl 


4^3 


trycr  before  lodged  in  the  granary, 
i*hcrc  it    muft  be  careAilly  prcierved 
from  accidental  wet  or  moifture,    not 
lie  above  eighteen  or  twenty  inches 
deep,    and  be  frequently  turned   and 
aired  to  prevent  its  heating,  mufting, 
and  breeding  the  weevil.    The  moif- 
ture  or  vapQur  of  the  corn  will  always 
rife  to  the  fiirface  of  the  bulk,    which 
the  weevils  haunt,  though  the  center 
may  be  dry ;   thus  the  appearance  of 
the  furface  as  to  moifture  or  drynefs 
may  regulate  the  number  of  turnings, 
airings,  or  fcretnings  necefi'ary  for  its 
prefervation.     Many  have    no   other 
methods  of  deftroying  the  weevils  than, 
as  they  make  to  the  moiil  furface  of 
the  bulk,   to  (hove  them  off  with  the 
furface  of  the  graini   and  lifting  them 
through  the  fcreen,  deftroy  them  with 
fcalding  water ;  others  take  (tone  lime 
ilacked  to  powder  and  fift  it  over  the 
vrheat  while  hot,   then  with  a  (hovel 
turn  and  mix  the  lime  and  grain  toge* 
theri   in  this  cafe  the  lime   will  not 
only  kill  the  weevil,   but  alfo  imbibe 
the  vapouri(h  moifture  of  the  grain 
which,  as  1  remarked  above,  is  the  oc- 
caiion  of  them,   and  afterwards  the 
grain  may  be  cleanfed  from  the  dead 
weevils  and  lime  dull  by  pafling  through 
.  the  fcreen.    Bnt  the  moft  effectual  and 
cafy   method   to  dcftrov  them  is    to 
white-wa(h  the  walls  of  the  granary, 
when  empty,   with  a  bru(h  dipped  in 
water  wherein  quick-lime  has  been  juft 
^upnched,  and  this  will  clean  the  gra- 
nary of  them  for  the  reception  of  the 
|rrain  \  and  in  cafe  the  gram  ihould  be 
infefted  with  them  after  this  precaution, 
they  may  be  effeftually  deftroyed.  by 
brimdone  let  on  (ire  occafionally  in  the 
granary,  keeping  the  doors  and  vents 
clofe  d)ut  at  fuch  times.     If  this  be 
cautioudy  obferved,  and  the  granary 
iveil   ftoved    before  it  be  rep1cni(hed 
with  corn,   no  pernicious  inftdt  what- 
ever will  infcft  it,  efpecially  if  once 
a  month  a  few  matches  of  brimftone 
be  fet  on  fire  in  it  as  before  directed. 
It    is   fuflficient  only  to    remind    the 
reader,  that  the  acid  fumes  of  brim- 
flone  confined,  kill  all  \n(i^%  and  little 
animals  within  its  circulation,  and  no 
doubt  difcourage  their  approach   for 
fonke  time  after,    and  may  probab)y 
tend    to    abate   fermentation    in    the 
grain^    which  is  generally,  if  not  aU 
ivaysy   occaiioned  by  fuper- abundant 


moidure  and  heat,  the  twe  primary 
caufesof  all  the  maladies  towhich  evcrv 
fpecies  of  grain  is  liable,  and  which 
can  only  be  obviated  by  the  above  pre- 
cautions and  the  brimftone  fumes» 
which  may  be  ufed  as  an  excellent  re- 
medy to  deftroy  all  vermin,  to  pre- 
ferve  corn  and  bread  when  packed  up 
to  go  abroad,  and  deftroy  rats  in  (hips 
when  in  the  harbour.  The  faculties 
of  thcfe  diminutive  creatures  are  eafily 
aflPe^Ved  by  difagreeable  fcents  which 
they  will  avoid  as  far  as  in  their  power, 
and  there  are  no  fcents  more  difagree- 
able to  them  than  the  fumes  of  brim- 
ftone,  which  being  placed  under  corn 
will  afcend  to  it  with  great  velocity 
and  acrimony  \  but  if  placed  over  it, 
defcends  not  unlefs  clofely  confined. 
The  furprifing  efFeds  of  brirafbne  are 
fcarce  credible  to  thofe  who  are  unac- 
quainted with  them,  and  no  doubt 
much  greater  efFcfts  will  be  difcovered 
from  them  hereafter.  But  whoever 
engages  in  experiments  of  this  fort» 
ought  to  be  careful  what  they  do, 
man>  fatal  accidents  having  been  oc«. 
ca(ioned  by  it. 

I  am,  Sir,  your's,  &c. 
Canterbury,  May  i.  W,  G. 


To   the 
S  I  R, 


P  R  I  NT  E  R,    &c. 


WHEN  I  was  a  young  man  1 
have  frequently  heard  the  fol- 
lowing toafts  drank  amongft  a  fet  of 
libertines,  which  it  was  my  misfortune 
fometimes  to  be  in  company  with,  viz. 
**  Mav  elegant  vice  ever  triumph  over 
dull  virtue.''  "  May  we  live  to  fee  the 
day  when  a  modeft  woman  (hall  be 
a(hamed  to  (hew  her  face.'* 

Though  we  have  been  taught  to  be- 
lieve that  the  prayers  of  the  wicked 
(hall  never  prevail,  yet  we  now  live  in 
an  age  where  we  fee  the  willies  of  this 
fet  of  lewd  fellow?  fulfilled  to  the  ut- 
raoft.  I  have  heard  it  remarked,  that 
there  is  no  woman  of  fafhion  who  has 
not  been  talked  of:  You  muft  certain- 
ly know  that  neither  birth  nor  ftation 
conftitute  a  woman  of  fadiion:  But 
alas !  a  woman  of  gallantry,  and  a 
woman  of  fa(hion,  are  now  become  (y- 
nonimous  terms.  If  (he  has  effrontery 
enough  to  brave  it  to  the  world  (he  is 
received  by  women  of  charader;  I 
cannot  fay  virtue,  becaufe  I  own  I  think 
a  woman  forfeits  chat  title  as  foon  as 

juft 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


464 


Ohfervations  on  the  Celts. 


Sept. 


(he  condefcends  to  keep  fuch  companvj 
}uft  at  much  as  a  man  of  rank  lofcs 
bimfelf  by  affociating  with  (harpers 
and  pickpockets. 

Let  tnflers  fay  what  they  will,  vice 
is  certainly  infe^ious,  and  the  vir- 
tuoudy  inclined  cannot  live  araongft 
the  vicious,  without  Tome  degree  of 
contamination. 

Is  tlien  indeed  virtue  fo  very  dull, 
that  the  woman  who  poflcffes  it  is  to 
be  avoided,  whilft  another  who  has 
been  cenfured  (which  I  fear  is  an  im- 
proper expreflton  at  prefent)  is  imme- 
diately fought  after  by  her  own  fcx  j 
the  moment  it  is  knoUn  fhe  has  an  at- 
tachment ?  Nay,  dill  farther,  women, 
whofe  vicious  condu^  is  pai(  contra- 
diflion,  who  have  lived  in  open  adul- 
tervy  have  brought  fpurious  children 
to  inherit  their  hufbands  eftates  :  All 
this  upon  record.  Could  it  be  fup- 
pofed  that  women  of  rank  and  cha- 
rafter  fbould  attempt  to  fupport  fuch  ? 
Yet  fuch  there  are,  and  mighty  good 
natured  to  be  fure  !  How  does  one 
know  but  they  may  reform?  If  they 
are  thrown  off  by  the  world  they  may 
become  defperate.  All  this  is  very  Ane> 
and  the  confequence  is  feen  every  ^zy  \ 
for  what  mother  can  be  angry  with 
her  daughter  who  follows  the  example 
of  her  mother's  dear  fritnd  ?  Vice 
ihould  ever  be  painted  to  our  children 
in  the  mod  horrid  colours,  and  hot  in 
an  enchanting  form  5  as  I  fear  we  have 
rather  a  propenfity  to  evil  in  our  na- 
tures. What  an  encouragement  is  it 
for  young  perfons  to  give  a  loofe  to 
every  temptation,  when  they  fee  peo- 
ple carefled  who  are  infamous  ?  On  the 
contrary,  would  ladies  of  rank  and 
virtue  (hew  a  proper  contempt  of  peo- 
ple of  that  caA,  nay  even  of  light  be- 
haviour, and  remember  that  noble  de- 
claration of  our  gracious  fovereign 
upon  hit  6rft  commg  to  the  throne, 
<*  that  he  would  fupport  the  virtuous, 
and  difcountenance  the  vicious  and 
immoral,**  it  would  foon  bring  about  a 
reformation  of  manners.  Young  peo- 
ple with  good  minds  would  be  (hocked 
at  every  attempt  upoii  their  honour^ 
which  they  would  then  fee  the  true  va- 
lue of,  and  thofe  that  inclination 
would  have  led  into  fuch  fafhionable 
vices,  will  be  deterred  by  the  confe- 
quences,  cxpcfting  to  be  thrown  off 
by  the  valuable  part  of  their  fex. 

S#ERIU8. 


Ob/ervathns    on    the    Celts,    'vulgarly 
called  Wellh. 

TH  E  prefent  general  ignorance  is 
England,  and  even  in  Wales,  of 
the  ancient  Celts,  is  furprizing  and 
(hameful.  Being  the  firft  inhabitanu 
of  this  ifland,  confequently  our  an- 
ceftors,  the  knowledge  of  them  there- 
fore merits  and  claims  our  particular 
attention,  efpecially  as  they  were  a  re- 
fpe^able  people  for  their  antiquity, 
number,  and  poffeflions,  in  moft  parts 
ofthecontinent  of  Europe.  According 
to  many  appearances,  the  Celts  and 
Sarmates  were  the  fame  people  as  the 
Medes  and  Perfians  in  Afia,  who  emi- 
grated into  Europe.  The  Celts  ex- 
tended and  eilabliftied  themfelves  in 
France,  Italy,  Spain,  Portugal,  and 
England.  The  Sarmates  kept  to  the 
North,  as  Poland,  Rufiia,  &c. 

The  authorities  for  thefe  emigratioiis 
are  the  learned  and  celebrated  authors, 
Diodorus,  Pliny,  Strabo,  Tacitus, 
Varro,  Solinus,  Dion,  Livy,  LeibnitaL, 
Pelloutier,  Bullet,  Pezron,  Roftrenen^ 
Sir  John  Price,  Lloyd,  Camden>  5rc. 

The  Sclavonic  and  Celtic,  now  vul- 
garly called  Welfti,  are  properly  the 
only  two  mother- tongues  in  Europe. 
The  word  H^elcb  is  originally  Saxon ; 
forltaly  is  called  in  German,  W'elfcbUmd^ 
and  the  Italians  Wtlfcbtm.  The 
French  call  Wales,  le  Pais  tU  GalUs\ 
and  the  inhabitants,  Gailois.  GmIUs  n 
a  corruption  of  Gaulis,  and  GaUou  of 
Gaulois\  the  Gauls  being  defcendantt 
of  the  Celts.  A  Siluriam. 

To    the    PRINTER,     &c. 
OVICIDE  is  by  fome  accounted  courage 
^  —yet,  it  may  be  mort  jujlly  deemed 
convarMce:    becaufe  it    mult   proceed 
from  fear  of  fome  fort. 

Duelling  is  thought  courage  ;— 'and 
a  proof  of  a  greater  degree  of  it,  is 
thought  to  be  the  (landing  only  at  two 
or  three  yards  off  each  other  ,whh 
piftols:  Yet  does  not  the  miffing 
often  of  each,  even  at  fo  fniall  a  di^ 
tance,  (hew  that  fome  tremor  mutt 
have.feized  each  combatant;  other- 
wife  it  were  fcarcely  pofllble  to  con- 
ceive either  could  mils,  when  almoft 
a  bout  porta/ttf  as  the  French  call  it. 
So  that  though  it  feems  a  paradox  it 
may  be  yet  true,  that  men  may  light  a 
duel,  and  yet  not  be  men  of  true 
courage.  Your's, 

Paradox. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


iJfe  t>f  Sixtus  V. 


4^5 


^t  life  ef  Tope  8ixtu«  V.   continued 
from  page  436. 

«*  WJ  H I L  8  T  thcfe  nobles  wert 
VV  preparing  for  their  embaiTy, 
Nicholas  da  Ponte,  the  doge,  died, 
which  retarded  their  journey  till  ano- 
ther was  elected,  who  was  Pafcal  Ci- 
copna.  The  fenate,  in  the  mean  time, 
being  informed  of  the  arrival  of  the 
Fope^s  relations  at  Rome,  that  he  re- 
ceived them  in  a  very  affeftionate  man- 
ner, and  Teemed  inclined  to  live  upon 
good  terms  with  the  republick,  re- 
iblved  to  do  every  thing  that  might  in- 
creafe  this  good  difpoiition  in  him,  by 
(hewing  him  all  manner  of  refpe6t }  and 
therefore,  in  a  full  houfe,  admitted 
the  family  of  Pcretti  to  the  honour  of 
nobility  in  their  ftatc*  Alexander, 
the  elder  of  the  nephews,  was  already 
created  cardinal  by  his  uncle,  and  Mi- 
chael, the  younger,  took  the  itile  of 
Don,  and  Camilla  that  of  Donna  ;  ti- 
tles of  very  great  refpedt,  that  had 
been  introduced  into  Italy  by  the  Spa- 
niards. 

The  ambaffadors  fat  out  with  a  train 
of  above  five  hundred  perfons,  and 
were  received  by  Sixtus,  upon  their 
arrival  at  Rome,  with  a  degree  r)f 
courtefy  and  regard  1  that  occalioned  a 
leaioufy  amonglt  the  minifters  of  other 
powers. 

Camilla  fo  punctually  obeyed  the 
orders  givtn  her  by  her  brother  not  to 
afk  him  any  favours,  tliat  during  th  e 
whole  time  of  his  pontificate,  (though 
iufBcicntly  teazeJ  and  importuned)  ihe 
never  durft  attempt  it,  but  once,  and 
then  with  the  utmolt  unwillingness  and 
Telu6tance,  in  behalf  of  a  convent  at 
Naples,  of  which  they  made  her  pro- 
te^refs,  much  againft  her  incli nation j^ 
as  it  was  only  fome  trifling  privilege 
or  indulgence  (he  afked  for,  he  grant- 
ed it  without  much  difficulty,  but  re- 
niinded  her  of  his  firft  injun6ti«n,  and 
told  her  it  was  the  only  favour  (he 
snofl  ever  expert. 

Soon  after  it  was  publickly  known 
^at  Montalto  was  made  Pope,  great 
numbers  of  people  flocked  to  the  Va- 
tican, defiring  an  audience,  and  to 
liave  the  honour  of  kiffing  his  feet  : 
Several  of  them  had  been  his  real 
friends,  in  the  former  part  of  his  life, 
and  others  only  common  acquaintance, 
or   fuch  as  had,    perhaps,    tranfa^cd 

Sept<  1768. 


fome  trifling  affairs  ^ith  him,  all  e*- 
pe(5ting  to  make  their  fortune.  Sixtus^ 
who  (e!dom  forgot  a  perfon  with  whom 
he  was  once  acquainted,  or  had  any 
dealings  with,  Oid^'red  the  porters  tO 
inform  themfelves  particularly^  of 
their  names,  with  other  circumilancet 
relating:  to  them  $  and  when  they  had 
made  their  report  to  him  of  i^efc  par- 
ticulars, he  apnoin'ed  them  a  day  of 
audience.  At  the  time  fixed  they  camei 
to  the  number  of  eighty,  and  being 
introduced,  he  fpoke  to  thtm  in  this 
manner  : 

«•  My  Sons* 

As  it  is  not  duf  intention  td  be  fdr-^ 
getful  of  the  kindnefles  we  have  for- 
merly received,  wt-  niuit  enquire  into 
the  nature  of  your  leveral  pretenfions) 
for  we  are  not  fo  fimple  or  credulous 
to  believe,  that  every  one  that  has 
cafually  fpokc  to,  or  had  a  curfory 
acquaintance  with  Montalto,  was  Moii- 
tatto^s  friend :  This  is  not  by  any 
means  a  fufHcient  foundation  to  build 
a  friendship  upon  ;  we  ihall  therefore 
make  a  particular  inquiry  into  your 
refpe^^iye  merits,  and  endeavour  to 
find  out  who  have  been  the  real  friends 
of  Montalto,  and  who  only  tranfient 
acquaintance,  that  we  may  know  how 
to  proportion  our  gratitude  to  your 
deferts  j  but  the  weighty  and  import- 
ant concerns  of  the  high  calling  to 
which  the  Almighty  has  been  plcafcd 
to  exalt  us,  will  not  permit  us  at  pre- 
fent  to  enter  into  this  affair,  as  it  is 
very  reafonable  that  the  (ervice  of  God 
and  our  country,  (hould  take  place  of 
every  private  jnterelf,  and  that  juf- 
tice  fhould  be  preferred  to  gratitude: 
When  we  have  fatisfied  the  demands 
of  one,  we  will  fhcw  that  wc  are  not 
regardlefs  of  the  other.'* 

As  this  could  not  be  interpreted  art 
ablblute  dt-nial^  they  went  away  pret- 
ty Well  fatisfted,  efpecially  as  they 
thought  what  he  faid,  of  dedicating 
his  fiift  cares  to  the  public,  highly 
commendable.** 

As  Sixtus  had  formed  great  de- 
figns,  his  firft  care  after  his  taking  pof- 
feliion  of  the  pontificate,  was  to  fill 
the  treafuiy,  wliich  he  with  great  pru- 
dence and  wifdom  ctTcCtcd  :  Amongfl 
other  expedients,  he  foupd  means  to 
fqueeze  otit  of  the  clergy,  at  feveral 
times,  by  gr.-vnting  privileges  and  in- 
dulgencies,  in  lieu  of  tenths,  and  other 

N  n  n  liit^fiJi^a 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4^6 


Man AO  B  MENT   or 


fubfidies  which  he  levied  upon  them, 
above  164.1000  crowns.  **  He  foon  per- 
ceived, that  it  wat  abfolutely  necedary 
to  proceed  with  the  utmoft  rigour,  in 
order  to  efFeft  a  reformation  of  man- 
ners, and  to  redreft  thofe  difordere 
that  had  been  introduced  in  the  pon- 
tificate of  the  late  pope  5  whofe  exccf- 
£ve  lenity,  inftead  of  reclaiming  the 
diflfolute  and  licentious,  rather  gave 
encouragement  to  their  vices* 

Sixtus  took  a  quite  different  method 
to  re-eftablilh  order  and  difcipline: 
He  immediately  laid  afidc  that  mild 
and  gentle  behaviour  he  had  fo  long 
aflfeaed,  and  pot  on  a  feverity,  not 
to  be  paralelled  in  the  reign  of  any 
former  pontiff.  ,,,--. 

As  he  knew  it  was  of  the  laft  impor- 
tance to  all  govemmenu,  to  penetrate 
into  the  fecrett  of  other  princes,  and 
to  be  truly  informed  of  the  opmion 
and  fentiments  of  his  own  fubjeets,  he 
chofe  the  moft  adroit  and  infinuating 
people  that  he  could  find  amongft  the 
lawyers,  priefts,  monks,  or  any  other 
trade  or  profeflion,  to  ferve  him  aa 
fpies,  and  allowed  them  confiderable 
pcnfions,  which  were  punaually  paid 
every  fix  months  5  befides  extraordina-^ 
ry  rewards,  to  fuch  as  had  acquitted 
themfclves  well  in  this  employment, 
and  given  him  intelligence  of  the  mofk 
fecret  defigns. 

He  di'pcrfcd  fifty  of  thefe  fpiee  thro' 
the  Ecclefiaftical  State,  to  infpea  the 
condua  of  the  magiftrates  j  to  ac- 
quaint him  with  the  opinion  the  peo- 
ple had  of  them,  and  what  they  Ciid 
of  himfdf:  Two  of  thefe,  who  had 
no  knowledge  of  each  other,  were  fta- 
tioned  in  every  conliderable  town  j  and, 
for  greater  fccrecy,  had  each  of  them 
a  different  cypher  and  addrcfs,  with 
proper  inftruaions  bow  to  convey  their 
jnformations  to  Rome  ecery  day,  with- 
out difcovery  or  lufpicion.  Fifty  more 
he  employed  in  other  parts  of  Italy 
and  foreign  courts,  where  any  of  his 
nuncios  rtfided,  with  a  charge  to  keep 
a  ftria  eye  upon  their  condua,  and 
to  give  him  conftant  advice  of  it : 
There  were  fifty  more  planted  in 
Rome,  who  had  each  of  them  a  dil- 
tina  province :  One  was  ordered  to 
watch  the  motions  of  two  or  three  par- 
ticular cardinals  5  another  to  obferve 
the  *ords  and  aaions  of  the  nobility  i 
a  third  to  give  him  an  account  of  all 


Sept; 

the  ftrangers  that  came  to  Rome,  with 
their  name,  quality,  nation)  bufineft, 
and  other  circumfbinces  that  belenged 
to  them  :  Others  to  inform  him  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  officers  and  pre* 
latea  that  attended  the  court  »  He  had 
fome  that  were  to  let  him  know  all 
public  news,  and  what  the  common 
people  talked  of  in  bakers  and  barbers 
fbopt :  Nay,  his  curiofity  went  Co  far, 
as  to  oblige  them  to  acquaint  him  with 
the  manners  and  life  of  pa^et  and  li- 
very-men :  Helikewife  inquired  ftria- 
ly  of  the  foldiery  that  compofed  hit 
guards,  of  all  the  militia  belonging  to 
the  church  :  As  he  knew  by  long  ex- 
perience, that  the  monks  pry  into 
every  thinj^,  and  talk  pretty  freely  of 
whatever  is  tranfaaed  either  in  the 
city  or  at  court  (not  imagining  that 
what  they  fay  will  ever  go  out  of  their 
cloyfter)  and  are  generally  the  firft 
that  know  any  fecret,  either  by  con- 
feffion,  or  otherways ;  he  had  two  or 
three  religious  in  every  convent*  that 
gave  him  a  faithful  and  minute  ac- 
count of  all  that  was  faid  or  done  in 
their  community. 

By  thefe  means  he  had  continual  in- 
formation of  what  happened  in  the 
city,  the  Ecclefiaftical  State,  and  all 
the  courts  of  Chriftendom$  and  we 
may  truly  iay,  that  there  never  was 
any  prince  in  Europe,  that  had  quicker 
intelligence,  or  knew  with  greater 
certainty  the  moft  fecret  defigns  of 
other  ftates,  whilft  he  had  the  art  of 
keeping  his  own  concealed  and  impe- 
netrable. 

For  this  purpofe  he  fent  infbrudioot 
to  ail  his  legates  and  refidents  at  other 
courts,  to  /pare  no  expence  to  come  at 
the  knowledge  of  fuch  things  as  were 
kept  moft  orivate  i  and  allowed  them 
more  or  lels,  according  to  the  nature 
and  importance  of  their  fcnrice  :  He 
diiburfed  the  largeft  fums  to  his  fpies  in 
Spain  (as  he  had  formed  a  defign  upon 
fome  of  the  dependencies  of  that 
crown)  particularly  eo)oining  them  to 
take  great  care  they  had  good  autho- 
rity for  whatibcvcr  intelligence  they 
fent  him  $  to  ufe  their  utmoft  applica- 
tion to  find  out  what  the  minifters 
moft  ftudioufly  endeavoured  to  coa- 
ceal  i  to  penetrate  into  the  inmoft  rc- 
ccfles  of  their  hearts,  and  not  to  fuf, 
fer  themfelves  to  be  amufed,  or  de- 
ceived^  by  idle  tittle-tattle*  or  popular 

reports  s 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Pope  Sixtus  V. 


467 


reports  ?  In  fuct  cafes  no  bounds  wer« 
prcfcribed  to  their  expences. 

His  injundKons  upon  this  head  were 
lb  ft  rift*  and  peremptory,  that  the 
nuncios,  for  fear  of  incurring  his  dif- 
pleafore,  were  continually  at  work,  in 
debauching  the  officers  and  counfcUors 
of  princes,  alluring  them  by  bribes, 
and  all  manner  of  temptations^  to 
betray  the  fccrets  of  their  roafters. 

He  difplaced  many  of  the  governors 
and  judgei,  both  in  the  city  and  coun- 
try, and  reftored  none  but  fuch  as 
were  naturally  more  inclined  to  fcvere 
meafures  than  lenity  and  mercy  j  fill- 
ing the  places  of  the  others  with  men 
of  bis  own  torn,  who  he  thought 
would  adminiHer  ftrift  juftice,  with- 
out partiality  or  regard  to  any  con*, 
iideration  whatfoever.  When  he  paiTed 
through  the  city,  he  ufed  to  look  pco- 
pie  full  in  the  face  5  and  if  he  faw  z 
man  <rf  a  remarkably  four  afpeft,  he 
immediately  fent  for  him,  and  enqui\ 
red  of  his  condition  and  circum- 
ftancet  5  if  he  found  him  fit  for  his 
purpofe,  he  made  him  a  judge,  and 
gave  him  a  ftrid  charge  to  aft  upright- 
Jy,  and  with  integrity  j  telling  him, 
«•  That  the  true  and  only  way  to  gain 
his  favour,  was  to  make  a  right  ule  of 
that  two-edged  fword  with  which  our 
Saviour  appeared  to  St.  John;  add- 
ing, that  he  himfelf  would  not  have 
accepted  of  the  fovereignty,  but  with 
an  intention  literally  to  fulfil  his 
words,  lam  not  come  to  fend  peace  but  a 
pword  amongft  ycu.^^ 

He  ordered  the  governors  of  the 
towns  and  figniories  in  the  EcclefiaiK- 
cal  State,  to  make  a  careful  review  of 
all  the  criminal  proccflcs  that  had  been 
carried  on  for  the  laft  ten  years,  and 
to  fend  him  an  exaft  account  of  them, 
that  he  might  inflift  heavier  penalties 
upon  thofe  that  had  not  been  puniflied 
at  their  crimes  deferved  i  and  aftually 
laid  fines  upon  the  heirs  of  ibme, 
whofe  pcrfons  death  had  delivered 
from  the  rigour  of  his  juftice :  Others 
be  lent  back  to  prifon,  who  had  been 
difcharged  four  or  five  years,  at  the 
Pollicitation  of  friends,  or  upon  a  com- 
promife  with  the  injured  party,  as  he 
thought  they  had  not  made  a  fufficient 
fatisfaaion  to  the  laws  of  their  country. 
He  eftabli(hed  commiflarits  to  exa- 
mine the  conduft  of  judges,  for  ma- 
ny years  paft,   and  commanded  eve- 


ry one  that  knew  of  any  mal-admi- 
niftration,  whllft  they  were  in  office, 
to  declare  it,  on  pain  of  excom- 
munication} promifing  rewards  to 
tboit  that  could  convict  them  of  cor- 
ruption,  or  having  denied  jaftice  to 
any  one,  at  the  infkance  or  recjucft  c^ 
men  in  power.  The  commifianes  pro* 
ceeded  with  fo  much  rigour  in  thefe 
enquiries,  that  many  who  were  accu- 
fed,  and  Ibme  who  were  not,  either  ab- 
fconded  or  fled  out  of  the  Ecclefiafti- 
cal  State. 

An  advocate  of  Orvieto,  who  was 
privy  to  a  piece  of  injuftice,  which  the 
governor  of  that  town  had  been  guilty 
of,  for  the  fake  of  a  fum  of  money, 
and  would  not  inform  againft  him, 
becaufe  he  was  his  particular  friend* 
and  had  been  out  of  office  above  five 
vears,  was  not  only  excommunicated, 
but  (ept  to  prifon  and  put  in  irons, 
where  he  lay  a  long  time,  and  was  not 
releafed  till  he  had  paid  a  confiderable 
fine. 

This  ftnick  a  great  terror  ioto 
all  manner  of  people,  efpecially  thofe 
that  had  been  magiftrates,  and  were 
coofcious  to  themfelves  of  any  mifde- 
meanor  of  this  kind.  One  might 
daily  fee  fomebody  or  other  dragged  to 
prifon,  who  was  fo  far  from  knowing 
the  caufe  of  it,  that  he  could  hardly 
remember  he  had  been  in  ofiice ;  but 
they  were  foon  made  acquainted  with 
Iheir  offence,  and  given  to  under ftand, 
that  they  would  never  be  fet  at  liberty, 
till  they  had  made  fatisfa6iion  to  the 
perfon  they  had  injured. 

Thefe  meafures  fo  awed  thofe  that 
were  then  magiftrates,  that  they  were 
afraifi  to  ftir  out  of  their  houfes,  or 
keep  any  company,  left  they  ihould  be 
prevailed  upon  by  their  friends  to 
grant  them  fome  favour,  as  they 
knew  they  (hould  certainly  be  called 
to  an  account  for  it.  All  the  nihility 
and  perfons  of  the  hieheft  quality  were 
likewife  ftriftly  forbid,  on  pain  of  dif- 
pleafure,  to  aik  the  judges  any  thing 
m  behalf  of  the^r  neareft  friends  or 
dependents,  being  allowed  only  to  re- 
commend their  intercft  in  general 
terms,  and  to  requeft  nothing  but  juf- 
tice. 

He  farther  commanded  tytry  body, 

on  pain  of  death,   not  to  terrify  wit- 

neffes  with  threats,  or  tempt  them  by 

hopes  and  promifes  j  or  lo  affront  and 

N  n  n  a  infult 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4«8 


SixTus's  Severities. 


Sept* 


Infult  the  bailiffs  and  tipftaves,    and 
other  inferior  officers,  thrtatning  the 

Judges  with  the  lame  punidrnent,  if 
hey  l*uff*:red  themfclvfs  to  be  bialT-d 
bv  any  recommendation  wbatfocvtr  ; 
But  finding  that  rather  too  frverr,  he 
changed  it  into  fine,  and  lofs  of  their 
office,  with  a  total  incapacity  of  en- 
joying any  other  for  the  future. 

Sixtus  prohibited  the  prat^ice  of  ju- 
dicial attrology,  which  was  then  in 
great  vo^ tie  at  Rome,  and  condemned 
feveral  v*ho  continued  to  impoh*  upon 
the  people  by  it,  in  contciipt  of  his 
<>di£V8,  though  they  were  ot  good  fa- 
|nilies»  and  protedled  by  [ome  of  the 
cardinals. 

He  likewifc  threatened  to  punifh  any 
one  that  fnould  cry  out,  **  Lor  ■>  live 
the  pope/*  as  he  prtlTcd  aloi  g  the 
greets,  though  it  had  been  a  cultom  in 
the  reigns  of  all  his  prc^Heceflbrs,  and 
what  the  people  took  much  plealuic  in* 
Several  reafons  moved  him  to  this  j 
the  chief  was,  that  he  often  bad  a 
mind  to  go  incog,  and  without  being 
cxpffted,  to  th*-  trii^unals  of  jiillice, 
convents,  and  other  pub*ick  places  : 
This  he  caufed  to  be  f)  ftri6^Iy  ohf^r- 
ved,  that  two  perfons  who  did  not 
Jcnow  of  the  edi6t.(ho;)ringout,  "  Long 
live  Pope  Sixtus,**  were  immediately 
fcnt  to  prifon,  and  continued  thei'e 
fome  days,  as  an  example  to  others  : 
This  occafioned  the  people,  inftead  of 
coming  out  of  their  houfes  to  line  the 
ib'eets  whilft  lie  pafTcd  by  (as  had  bc«n 
ufual)  to  make  hade  to  hide  themfelves, 
Apt  being  able  to  endure  his  looks  :  So 
that  he  feldcm  ivti  with  any  body  but 
poor  old  men  and  cripples  that  could 
not  get  out  of  the  way  :  They  ftood  in 
fuch  aweo^  him,  that  the  mothers  and 
Uurfcs,  to  quiet  their  children,  ufed  to 
fay  to  I  hem,  **  Huih,  hufh,  Pope  Six- 
tus  is  paiRng  by  ?''  His  name  had 
made^odeepan  imprcffion  upon  them, 
that,  during  his  life  and  many  years 
after  his  death,  they  never  heard  it 
witho.it  tre«nbl  ng. 

Whilft  he  lefidtd  in  the  convent  of 
the  Holy  ApoUlcs,  and  afterwards 
when  he  was  cardi.ia',  he  had  tikm 
notice  '^f  a  great  abufc  in  llie  con^cf- 
IjoiiS  relating  to  the  fin  o^  adul'trv, 
whici!  the  penitents  did  not  diitingji/h 
from  Jjmple  forniration.  To  remedy 
thi?-,  he  ordered  th.*t  adullercis  fhould 
\tt  ^0Qdemne4  Vo  d^^th,    and  forbad 


the  |udges  to  give  them  any  quarter^ 
hunting  them  out  with  great  paint 
and  diligence,  and  promifmg  rewards 
to  thofe  that  would  bring  any  of  them 
to  juftice. 

The  firft  that  was  brought  to  bii 
trial  upon  that  account,  was  a  near  re- 
lation of  the  marquis  of  Altemps.  The 
cardinal  of  that  name  u(ed  all  his  cre- 
dit and  fav  >ur  with  the  Pope  in  hit 
behalf ;  but  he  was  inexorable,  and 
the  poor  man  w^s  condemned  to  haTS 
his  head  cut  off,  which  he  fuffercd 
foon  aftM.  Hr  okcwife  caufed  feve- 
ral courtizans,  that  were  convid^ed  of 
having  been  familiar  with  married 
men,  to  be  publickly  whipped  at  th^ 
fame  time. 

He  was  highly  offended  at  voluntas 
rv  or  contented  cuckolds  i  who,  to 
Jive  at  eafe,  and  witiiout  labour,  hired 
out  their  wives  to  others.  As  he  had 
learned  from  auricular  confeiHon, 
whillt  he  was  cardinil,  tnat  there  was 
?  conf\<ierable  trade  of  this  kind  car- 
ried on  in  Komp,  he  was  determined 
to  put  a  fpcedy  ftop  to  it,  and  for  that 
purpofe  published  an  edift,  by  found 
of  trumpet,  as  was  cuftomary  in  tbofe 
times,  in  which  he  threatened  to  pu- 
nifh this  horrible  profanation  of  the 
holy  facrament  of  matrimony,  and 
the  open  violation  of  fo  folemn  vows, 
in  the  fcvereft  manner,  efpecially  in 
them  that  fliould  be  guilty  of  profti- 
tuting  their  wives  j  ftri^lly  enjoining 
all  hufbands,  that  were  privy  to  this 
infamous  praflice  of  their  wives,  and 
were  not  able  to  reftrain  them,  either 
upon  the  account  of  their  being  ter- 
magant, (hamelefs,  or  ungovernable 
women,  or  for  fear  of  the  adulterer» 
if  he  was  a  man  in  power,  to  make 
complaint  of  it  to  him  $  otherwift 
they  (hould  be  treated  as  if  they  had 
confcnted  to  it,  commanding  all  their 
neighbours  and  acquaintance,  that 
fliould  hear  of  any  luch  thing,  imme- 
diately to  difcover  it,  on  pain  of  beinff 
proceeded  againft  as  encouragers  ana 
abettors  of  fuch  crimes,  if  they  ihould 
come  to  be  otherways  known.  This, 
in  a  great  meafure,  put  a  ftop  to  a  fcan- 
dalous  cuftom  that  was  at  that  time 
much  in  fafhion  at  Rome )  many  of 
the  cardinals,  prelates,  and  nobles, 
marrying  their  favourite  women  to 
fome  fervant,  or  domeftick,  that  wai 
williilg  to  wear  hornt  for  the  fake  of 

a  maiot 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.  Cure  for  the 

a  Tnaintenance,  or  perhaps  fome  little 
rewardi  that  they  might  carry  on  their 
amours  with  lefs  notice  and  obiierva- 
tion.*' 

Iffo  be  concluded  in  our  nfxt,  ] 

Vo  the  AUTHOR    of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
6  I  R,  Leigh,  Jan.  14,  176?, 

THE  T^nice,  or  Tape- worm,  is  as 
fingular  a  creature  as  any  in  be- 
Jng,  and  the  manner  how  it  g  ts  into 
the  ftomach  o\  other  animals  is  exceed- 
ing difficult  to  account  for. 

Dr.  Limbourg  attempts  a  more  ac- 
curate hiflory  ot  this  anomalous  ani- 
mal thap  has  hitherto  been  given,  and 
fo  did  Dr.  L>(ler  and  Dr.  Ty.'on  In 
the  fame  Philofophical  TranLdions 
before  him. 

Limbourg  concludes  from  the  obfer- 
vation  he  has  made,  that  the  X^n'-a^  mc 
not  formed,  as  fome  have  imagined, 
by  a  union  o^  the  cucurbftini,  io  as  to 
make  one  continued  chain  ;  but  that 
tht  cucurbitini  zre  nothing  more  than 
fepirated  fegmentt  of  the  tania  ;  That 
it  is  probable  the^'  have  no  head  j  that 
they  are  not  Colitary,  for  two,  and 
even   three,  have  been  found   in  the 

fame  fubjeft  J  that  the  tseniee  of  the 
lare,  and  of  the  human  fpecics  are 
different ;  and  he  thinks  that  their  ori- 
gin is  from  eggs  conveyed  into  the 
^omach  and  inteftines  with  aliments 
or  water. 

Here  I  muft  differ  in  opinion  from 
all  who  have  writ  of  fuch  infedVs,  in 
thinking  they  proceed  fr*m  an  tg^^ 
according  to  the  common  acceptation 
of  the  word  j  for  who  laid  this  egg, 
and  who  impregnated  it,  according  to 
the  univerfal  theory  of  generation  ?  In 
fhoTt,  it  is  little  lefs  than  talking  non- 
fenfe  to  fay  it  proceeds  from  an  tgg, 

I  think  rather  it  proceeds  from  it- 
felf ;  was  an  original  in  the  creation, 
'without  father,  and  without  mother ; 
truly  bred  by  equivocal  generation, 
(not  from  corruption)  but  from  an 
original  ftamen  in  the  pre-exilting, 
naked  air,  that  wanted  only  a  proper 
nidus  to  nourilh  it,  and  make  it  ap- 
pear in  its  full  proportion. 

Thefe  kind  of  worms  are  found  in 
the  ftomach  and  guts  of  more  forts  of 
animals  than  mcn$  as  dogs,  mice, 
oxen,  and  calves.  And  they  are  to 
be  met  with  only  in  the  animal  king- 
dom,  yet  in  abundance  ot  this,   and 


Tape  Worm.  469 

thefe  too  of  different  fpecies :  tbef 
are  very  frequent  in  fifhes:  as  pikes, 
whitings,  bleaks,  crabs,  herrings,  &c. 
In  bleaks  in  fununer  time,^  if  you 
open  thofe  that  leap,  and  tumble  in 
the  water,  from  the  torment  they  feel 
within,  vou  (hall  almoil  conftantly 
meet  with  this  Jointed  worm.  But 
they  are  ncceflarily  of  different 
lengths  and  bignefs,  according  to  the 
different  bulks  of  the  animaU  lyhofe 
bowels  they  poffefs,  and  from  whenc© 
they  receive  their  nouriihment. 

They  lie  moffly  wita  their  fmall 
end  upward,  and  whether  it  has  a  head 
or  nof,  this  may  he  lo.  kcd  upon  as  the 
head  end.  It  is  even  hifpid,  or  thicl^ 
befct  with  hairs,  or  fmriU  (pikes,  with 
which  they  pierce  the  intcltine  of  the 
affliL^ed,  and  by  that  mechanifm  their 
extremities  are  as  it  were  clinched  on 
the  exterior  furface  of  the  gut.  Thi^ 
eff'cduaJly  fccures  thcr  hold,  io  that 
neither  the  periftaltic  motion  of  th^ 
inteffinal  canal,  though  affiffed  with 
purges,  nor  bitters,  grit?,  nor  even 
q-uckfilver  can  kill,  or  carry  them 
out  of  the  bvdy,  as  they  60  other 
worms. 

They  are  everv  where,  and  in  all 
parts  of  them,  alike  milk  white,  and 
well  they  may  from  the  fine  chyle  they 
fuck  \  of  a  flat  and  thin  fabffance  like 
fine  tape,  divided  into  innumerable 
ringlets  and  incifurcs  ;  each  incifurc 
having  (harp  angles  on  both  fides, 
looking  to  the  broader  end.  Handing 
out  beyond  each  other:  from  which 
we  fee  the  fmall  end  is  the  head  end  { 
elfe  the  (harp  corners  of  the  annuU 
would  neceil'arily  hinder  the  afcent  of 
the  animal.  Each  ring  hath  alfo  om 
the  one  fide  only,  and  that  alternately, 
one  fmall  protuberance,  fomewhat  like 
the  middle  feet  of  the  body  of  fome 
caterpillars. 

Since  the  tape-worm  hat  no  head, 
it  can  have  no  mouth,  therefore  thefe 
papillary-like  orifices  are  fo  many 
mouths;  a  fingle  one,  as  in  moff  other 
animals,  could  not  have  been  fufficient 
to  feed  a  creature  of  fuch  an  enor- 
mous length. 

This  worm,  from  a  fmall  beginning, 
opens  broader  and  broader  at  every 
joint,  till  it  ends  at  the  wideil  extre- 
mity. 

The  curious  refearches  of  Swammcr- 
dam,  Redi,  Leuwenhoeck,  Malpighi, 
and  feveral  other  inquiiitive  fcbolars, 

of 


•Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


470 

of  the  intnner  of  the  generation  of 
infe^,  and  their  late  difcoveriet  there- 
ixw  have  with  juftice  much  advanced 
the  prefent  doftrine  of  univocal  gene- 
ration ;  yet  one  difficulty  remains^  and 
that  a  great  one  :  How  to  account  for 
ieveral  of  thofe  found  in  animal  bo- 
diet,  not  fuch  as  we  may  fuppofe  to  be 
hatched  from  eggs  of  the  like  kind, 
that  are  received  with  the  food,  or 
otherways,  but  of  which  we  cannot 
Hieet  with  a  parallel,  or  of  the  fame 
fpecies,  out  of  the  body,  in  the  whole 
world,  as  is  known.  To  inflance on- 
ly the  flat  and  the  round  kind,  which 
remarkably  differ  from  any  others  out 
of  the  body,  from  whence,  or  from 
the  feed  of  the  fame,  it  may  be  any 
ways  thought'  they  may  be  propagated 
in  It. 

But  though  we  are  gravelled  in  af- 
figning  how  firft  thefe  ibrt  of  worms 
Ihould  come  into  the  body  ;  yet  being 
once  there,  there  is  nothing  more  plain 
than  that  the  Utmbricus  teres,  or  round 
worm,  it  pcopagated  by  univocal  ge- 
neration ^  there  being  in  this  fort  fo 
perfe^  a  diftin£tion  of  fexes,  male 
and  female)  and  the  organs  belong- 
ing to  each  fo  curioufly  contrived,  To 
confpicuous  and  plain,  that  they  may 
further  illuftrate  the  late  inventions  of 
fome ;  and  do  Mm  to  (hew,  how  folli- 
citous  nature  is  in  preferving  and  pro- 
pagating the  meaneft  fpecies. 

Now  that  nature  hat  more  ways  of 
•working  than  we  know  of,  and  does 
all  poffibles,  I  do  believe  there  are  in 
the  air  infers,  which  we  may  in  fome 
fenfe  call  aborigines,  that  need  no  pa- 
rents to  beget  them,  which  ferve  only 
for  the  fake  of  conveying  their  iifue 
from  on:  ftate  into  another,  which  in 
this  cafe  the  mere  air  alone  can  do, 
and  fo  whenever  they  hit  upon  a  pro* 
per  bed  for  warmth  and  nourifhment 
they  appear  }  and  fo  equivocal  genera- 
tion may  be  by  a  new  way  accounted 
for. 

Now  to  the  cure,  the  bcft  part  of 
the  work  :  The  powder  of  tin  has  been 
nfed  for  many  years  as  a  remedy  a- 
gainft  worms,  and  particularly  the  tas- 
niac,  or  flat  kinds,  which  oftentimes 
elude  the  force  of  all  other  medicines  ; 
but  being  unacquainted  with  the  pro- 
per dole,  and  manner  of  adminiflering 
It,  upon  which  chiefly  its  fuccefs  de« 
pen  (Is  it  is  It  ill  left  regarded  than  yt 
deiervet. 


Of  tbi  tape  Worm.  Sept. 

Dr.  Afton,  in  the  tyth  article  of  the 
5th  volume  of  the  Edinburgh  Medical 
EflayS,  recommends  a  recipe  that  acci- 
dentally fell  into  his  hands.  For  a 
full  grown  perfon  to  take  two  ounces 
of  the  powder  of  pure  unmixed^  or 
bk>ck  tin,  put  thro*  the  fineft  fearcfa^ 
mixed  with  eight  ounces  of  commoo 
treacle,  havios;  flrft  pureed  the  patient 
with  fenna  and  manna  in  a  decoftioa 
of  grafs  roots  to  empty  the  inteftincs. 
Next  dav  give  fafting,  one  ounce  of 
the  powaer  in  four  ounces  of  melaf&s  i 
next  morning  half  an  ounce  of  tin  im 
two  ounces  of  treacle^  then  purge 
again. 

He  calls  it  a  Taloable  remedy  for 
this  loathfome  dtfeafe,    and  found  it 
to  fucceed    beyond  expei^tion.    He 
accounts  for  itt  effeds  from  its  gcttine 
betwixt  the  worm  and  the  inner  coat 
of  the    inteftines,   that  makes    them 
quit  their  hold,  fo  that  purgatives  may 
eafily  carrr  them  away  with  the  faeces. 
But  why  do  not  quickfljver,  or  any  of 
its  preparations,    do  the  fame  then? 
I  take  it  that  the  cure  is  owing  to  the 
irfenick  that  lies  latent,   more  or  lefs, 
in  all  tin,   that  poifons  them  $  where- 
fore for  the  fake  of  a  fmaller  do(«  at  a 
time,  and  a  fafer  way  of  taking  tin, 
neither  fo  naufeous,  nor  fuch  a  load 
on  the  ftomach,  a  drachm^   daily,  of 
Aurum  Mofaicum,    alias ^    Mufivam, 
in  honey,  treacle,  or  any  proper  con- 
ferve,  fafting,   is  much  more  agreea- 
ble, and  equally  efFe^ual }  only  requi- 
ring fome  more  time,  but  is  the   bdft 
preparation  of  that  metal  that  can  be 
made  ufe  of,  and  will  anfwer  all  the 
purpofes  of  naked  tin,   that  muft  be 
taken  in   fuch  large  quantities  for  a 
dofe,    which  fome    ftomachs    cannot 
bear :     Obferve    to    repeat    interme- 
diate purging,  to  carry  off  what  you 
kill. 

Barring  all  refleflion,  it  is  the  (can- 
dal  of  a  phyfician  to  make  work,  or 
irritate  a  difeafe,  or  to  torroentj  or 
teize  his  patient  merely  for  the  reputa- 
tion of  his  cure.  And  we  have  reafon 
to  hope,  that  a  lefs  degree  of  ambi- 
guity in  the  pradice  of  phyiic  will  be 
one  of  the  good  confequences  attend- 
ing my  more  limple  niode  of  admioi* 
ftratioiL 

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j[.   C00K« 


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Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


To  the 


AUTHOR  tf  the 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  H,         Leigh,  Aug,  10,  176S. 

HA(V  I N  G  been  fo  bufy  lately  in 
difperiing  my  medical  pieces  a- 
mong  all  the  public  papers  in  London, 
at  the  magazines  were  not  quick  c- 
nough  for  my  purpofe,  I  had  not  time 
before  now  to  take  notice  of  the  cu- 
rious query  of  your  correfpondent  ia 
your  Magazine  for  January  laftj 
whofe  words  were  tliefe : 

<<  I  am  deiirous  to  know,  if  any  of 
your  readers  can,  from  experience, 
reading,  or  reafoning,  give  any  ac- 
count, why  the  eyes,  on  going  to  fleep, 
revolve  upwards,  which  I  have  eood 
reafon  to  believe  is  the  cafe  with  all 
animalsy  though  I  do  not  remember 
meeting  with  any  account  thereof.** 

In  order  to  folve  this  common  phie- 
nomenon  from  all  three  fources,  read- 
ing, reafoninsfy  and  experience,  we 
muft  confider  nrft,  that  all  animal  mo- 
tion is  by  means  of  mufdes.  And  fe- 
condly,  the  biggeft  mufde  always  zGt% 
yvitb  the  moft  power. 

May  it  not  proceed  then  from  the 
attolient  mufde  of  the  eye  being  lar- 
ger, and  confequently  ftronger,  than 
the  depriment  mufcle  oppofite  theretes 
the  imfadus  diprimens  not  needing  to 
be  fo  thick  and  ftrong  as  its  antago- 
nift,  as  gravity  coincides  with  its  ac- 
tion (but  oppofes  that  of  the  other)  in 
pullmg  the  eye  downwards }  and  upon 
trial,  we  perceive  little  or  no  force 
exerted  in  lookinc;  towards  the  ground, 
but  a  very  fenfibie  one,  even  to  drain- 
ing, in  looking  upwards. 

Thus  when  any  animal,  except  hogs, 
if  it  be  true  as  is  faid,  that  they  want 
the  attolient  mufcles,  therefore  cannot 
look  upwards  to  behold  whence  the 
acorns  fall,  but  are  obliged  to  turn  up 
their  Ihouts  when  they  would  view 
what  is  above  them  ;  when^ny  animal, 
J  fay,  falls  adeep,  the  fupei  b  or  attol- 
ient mufcle  is  fuperior  to  the  bumilis  or 
depriment  mufcle,  and  fo  by  its  fu- 
perabundant  power  beyond  that  of 
Its  antagonift,  pulls  the  pupil  upwards, 
as  may  be  feen  when  any  one  fleeps 
with  their  eyelids  half  open. 

Now  the  wife  defign,  or  end  of  this 
la  evident,  to  fecure  the  pupil  of  the 
eye  from  having  any  hurtful  extrane- 
ous body  falling  thereon,  in  the  de- 
fencelefs  (late  of  deep. 

V  (his  be  not  the  true  caufca   as  I 


A  cnrious  ^ery  anfwered. 

LONDON 


.  471 
imagine  it  is,  I  (hould  be  pleafed  to 
meet  with  the  real  one  from  any  of 
your  ingenious  corre(pondents  who 
may  be  more  able  to  offer  it. 

And  now  our  hand  is  in,  I  will 
propofe  another  rational  phaenomenoa 
to  be  folved  by  any  who  can. 

Why  do  the  (hadows  of  bodies,  morn- 
ing and  evening,  from  the  rifing  to 
the  fetting  fun,  appear  of  a  bluiihco- 
lour  f  Your's, 

J.  Cook. 

r$  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

IN  Madaine^s  tranflation  of  Mo- 
iheim*s  Ecclefiaftical  Hiftory,  lately 
printed  in  London,  page  the  a6Sth, 
note  Cx)  there  is  an  account  of  a  ca- 
techiim,  or  confeffion  of  the  Unitari- 
ans in  Poland,  publifhed  by  them  at 
Cracow,  1574.  Mr.  Mofheim  com- 
mends it  highly  for  its  iimplicity, 
and  for  not  being  loaded  with  fcholaf- 
tic  terms,  and  fubtile  difcudions.  Al- 
tho*  he  at  the  fame  time  finds  fault  with 
it,  as  not  being  agreeable  to  his  own 
Lutheran  fentiments. 

But  he  has  aded  very  uprightly  [at 
he  is  indeed  a  mod  valuable  hiftorian, 
notwithflanding  hit  prejudices  to  bit 
own  fed]  in  making  a  large  quotation 
from  this  catechifm,  and  ^ivmg  it  hia 
readers.  And  as  Mo(heim*s  hiflory 
may  not  be  in  the  poiTeiHon  of  many, 
iir,  oi  your  readers,  I  have  no  doubt 
but  they  will  thank  you  for  a  fight  of 
fo  valuable  a  piece.  The  title  of  it 
runs  thus : 

'^  A  catechifm,  and  confeiCon  of 
faith,  or  the  congregation  alTembled 
in  Poland,  in  the  name  of  Jefus  Chrift, 
our  Lord,  who  was  crucified  and  railed 
from  the  dead.  Deut.  vi.  Hear.  O 
Ifrael,  the  Lord  our  God  is  one  God. 
John  viii.  54,  Jefus  faith— He,  whom 
you  call  God  is  my  Father.  Printed 
by  Alexander  Tuitjbine,  in  the  year 
of  the  birth  of  Chrift,  the  Son  of  God, 

1574." 

The  preface,  which  is  compofed  in 
the  name  of  the  whole  congregation, 
begins  with  the  following  falutation  : 

••  To  all  thofe,  who  thirft  after 
eternal  falvation,  the  littU  and  affliSed 
iiock  in  Poland,  baptized  in  the  name 
of  JeCus  of  N^z<reth,  prayeth  heartily, 
grace  and  peace  from  the  one,  molt 
high  God,    the  Father,   tluo.i^b    hit 

only 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


472 

only  begotten  Son,    oar  Lord, 
Chrrft,  who  was  crucified.*^ 

In  the  catcchifm,  thf  whole  of 
Chriftianity  is  reduced  to  fix  points ; 
namely,  concerning  the  nature  of 
God,  and  his  Ton  Jefus  Chrift ;  juititi- 
ficacion,  difciplinc,  prayer,  baptiliii, 
and  the  Lord's  fupper:  which  points 
are  explained  in  the  way  of  queltion 
and  anfwer,  and  confirmed  by  texts  of 
Icripture. 

Their  notion  concerning  Jcfus  Chrift 
is  thus  expreffed  : 

**  Our  mediator  before  the  throne 
of  God  is  a  man,  who  was  formj^rly 
promifcd  to  our  fathers  by  the  pro- 
phets, and  in  thefe  latter  days,  was 
bom  of  the  feed  of  David,  whom  God 
the  Father  has  made  to  be  Lord  and 
Chrift,  that  is,  the  moft  pcrfe«5t  pro- 
phet, the  moft  holy  prielt,  the  moft 
triumphant  king,  by  whom  he  crea- 
ted the  world,  rcftored  all  things,  re- 
conciled to  himfelf,  made  peace,  and 
beftowed  eternal  life  on  his  ele^t ,  that, 
after  the  moft  high  God,  we  (hbuld  be- 
lieve, worOup,  invoke,  hearken  to 
bim,  imitate  his  example,  and  find  in 
him  reft  to  our  fouls/' 

With  relpea  to  the  Holy  Ghoft, 
they  plainly  deny  his  being  a  divine 
perfon,  and  reprefenc  him  as  a  divine 
quality  or  virtue — thus— 

"  The  Holy  Ghoft  is  the  energy  or 
•perfection  of  God,  whofc  fullnels  God 
the  Father  hath  beftowed  upon  his  on- 
ly begotten  Son,  oar  Lord,  that  we, 
becoming  his  adopted  children,  might 
receive  of  his  fullnels." 

They  exprefs  their  fcntiments  con- 
cerning juilification,  difcipline,  and 
baptifm,  in  the  enfuing  terms  i 

**  Juftification  confifts  in  the  remiflion 
of  all  our  paft  fins,  through  the  mere 
grace  and  mercy  of  God,  in  and  by 
our  Lord  Jefus  Chrift,  without  our 
works  or  merits,  through  a  lively 
faith}  and  in  the  certain  hope  of 
eternal  life,  and  the  true  and  un- 
feigned amendment  of  our  lives,  by 
the  help  of  the  divine  fpirit,  to  the 
glory  of  God  the  Father,  and  the  edi- 
fication of  our  neighbours." 

*<  Ecclefiaftical  dilciplinc  confifts  in 
calling  frequently  to  the  remembrance 
of  every  individual,  the  duties  that 
are  incumbent  upon  ihem,  in  admo 
nlhing,  tirtt  privately,  and  afterwards, 
if  this  he  ineft*e6tual,  in  a  public  man- 
ncTg    bcluie   the  whole  congregation. 


Unitarian  Confeffion  of  Faltb. 

Jefus 


Sept; 

fach  as  have  finned  openly  again  ft  God^ 
or  offended  their  neighbour,  and  laft- 
ly  in  excluding  from  the  commanioa 
of  the  church,  the  obftinate  and  im- 
penitent, that  being  thus  covered  with 
fliame,  they  may  be  led  to  repentance^ 
or,  if  they  remain  unconverted,  be 
condemned  everliftingly." 

**  Bapiifra  is  the  Smmerfion  into  wa- 
ter and  emerfion  out  of  it,  of  one, 
who  believes  in  the  gofpel,  and  is  tru- 
ly penitent,  in  the  name  of  the  Fa- 
ther, 9on,  and  Holy  Spirit,  or  in  the 
name  of  Jefus  Chrift  alone }  by  which 
ceremony,  he  publickUr  profef&s  that 
he  is  waihcd  from  all  fins  by  the  mer- 
cy of  God  the  Father,  by  the  blood  of 
Chrift,  and  the  operation  of  the  Holy 
Spirit  J  that  being  ingrafted  into  the 
body  of  Chrift,  he  may  mortify  the 
Old  Adam,  and  be  transformed  into 
the  new  and  heavenly  Adam,  in  ^11 
afTurancc  of  obtaining  eternal  life,  after 
the  rcfurre6tion." 

Concerrfing  the  Lord's  fupper,  Mo* 
■fheim  rcprefents  thefe  Unitarian  cbrif- 
tians,  as  agreeing  with  Zuinglius,  the 
great  8wi!s  reformer  5  that  ht  not 
much  differing  from  the  plain  aceourti 
of  this  facrament,  of  our  excellent  bi- 
Ihop  Hoadley. 

Their  fentimepts  concerning  Prayer, 
he  favs,  are,  generally  fpeaking,  found 
and  rstronal ;  and  obfervfn,  that  at 
the  conclufion  of  this  catechifn,  there 
is  a  little  trail,  called,  1  he  Family 
P.<ft6r,  which  contains  a  (hort  i  iftruc- 
tion  to  heads  of  families,  (hewing 
them  how  they  ought  to  proceed  in 
order  to  maintain  and  iucreaic,  in 
their  families,  a  fpirit  of  piety  j  and 
in  which  alfo  their  devotion  is  afUfted 
by  forms  of  pravcr  compofed  for 
morning  and  evening,  and  on  other 
occafions. 

Moflieim  fpeaks  of  this  Unitarian 
Catechifm,  as  exceeding  rare  in  the 
Lirin  original.  I  do  not  know  that 
it  ever  h^s  appeared  in  Engiifh.  If  any 
one  of  your  readers,  fir,  are  poffefled 
of  this  fcarce  work,  he  will  confer  an 
obligation  on  the  learned  and  inquifi- 
tive,  by  making  it  public. 

It  is  to  be  obferved,  that  this  waa 
the  do^rine  of  thefe  unitarian  chrif* 
tians,  before  they  had  any  connexion 
with  Fauftus,  Socinus,  or  had  the 
nick-name  of  Socinians  beftowed  upon 
them. 

The  trve  believer  will, pre  jjdge  or 
deter  mini 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1  y68.  Identity  of  LtghtTiing  and  EJeSlricity, 


determine  of  no  fiet  of  christians,  by 
their  outward  denomination  of  Luthe- 
ran, Calvinift,  Arian,Socinian,  Church 
of  Englander,  Church  of  Scotlander, 
&c.  but  condder  the  agreement  of 
their  rcfpeftivedoftrines  with  the  plain 
»nd  cxprefs  words  of  the  holy  fcrip- 
ture,  and  by  this  rule  give  the  prefe- 
rence, condemning  none  but  thofe 
who  condemn  all  but  themfelves. 
I  amy  your  obedient  fervant, 

Andreas  Dt^oiTHius. 

^0  the  AUTHOR    of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

Cambridge  (New-Eng.)  July  4,176s. 

THE  identity  of  lightening  and 
eleflricity  has  been  fo  fully  efta- 
bliOied   by  our   worthy    countryman 
Dr.  Franklin,  as  to  admit  of  no  rea- 
fonable  doubt  *.  Both  appear  to  be  ef- 
fedts  of  one  and  the  fame  power,  ex- 
erted in  the  fame  manner,  and  regu- 
lated by  the  fame  laws.  All  the  efFcdts 
of  lightening  may  be  imitated  by  elec- 
tricity,    and    all  the  experiments  of 
cle^ricity  may  be  performed  by  the 
matter  oflightening  collcfted  from  the 
clouds,  as  they  ufually  are  by  matter 
colle^ed  by  glafs  globes    or    tubes. 
This  power  is   a  fubtle  and  extremely 
adtive  fluid,  diffufcd   through  all  bo- 
dies.   It  may  be  accumulated  in  fome 
above   its  natural    quantity,     and   in 
others  diminifhed  below  it.     Bodies  in 
the  former  cafe  are  faid  to  be  eleft  ri- 
ffled pofitivcly;  in  the  latter,  negative- 
ly.    So  long  as  the  eledlrick  fluid  re- 
mains diftributed  in   its  natural  ftate, 
it  produces  no  fenfible  cffcfts  j     but 
when  it  is  unequally   diltributed,    its 
operations  arc  very  manifeft.     When 
it  is  accumulated  in  any  body,  it  en- 
deavours to  throw  itfelf  out  into  any 
neighbouring  body  which  has  lefs  than 
its  (hare  }    and  that  with  a   violence 
proportioned  to  the  inequality  of  the 
diftribution,    and  the  quantity  to  be 
difcharged.    This  difcharge  is  attend- 
ed with   a  flafh,  a  report,  and,   if  the 
quantity  be  large,  the  rending,   melt- 
ing,^  or  firing  the  body  into   which 
the  difcharge  is  made,  as  it  is  fufcep- 
tihle   of  either  of  thefe    operations; 
or,  if  it  be  an  animal,  wounding  and 
even  killing  it.      In  the  artificial  ex- 


473 

between  the  clouds  and  fuch  terrcftrial 
bodies  as  are  neareft  to  them.  Bu< 
the  effefts  are  precifely  of  the  fame 
kind  in  both  cafes.  They  differ  only 
in  degree.  Thefe  are  the  out-lines  of 
the  nnodern  theory  of  lightening. 

This  may  juftly  be  looked  upon  as 
the  capital  difcovery  of  the  prefent 
age.  It  is  a  difcovery  which  has  not 
ended  in  mere  fpcculation :  It  has  been 
applied,  by  its  vtry  fagacious  author, 
to  a  moft  important  pui  pofc  :  no  lefs 
than  that  of  fecuring  our  properties 
and  lives  from  the  fatal  cffefls  of  fo 
violent  a  meteor  as  lightening  has 
often  proved  to  be.  By  experiment  it 
appears  that  tlie  elearick  fluid  finds 
the  moft  ready  paflage  through  me- 
tals 5  that  it  is  attrafted  by  them,  and 
feeks  them  in  preference  to  all  other 
bodies}  or,  in  the  langunge  of  elec- 
tricians, that  metals  are  the  bsft  con- 
duftors  of  ele^ricity.  Where  it  can 
find  a  fufficientcjuantity  of  metal  to 
conduct  it,  it  pafles  along  without  do- 
in^  any  injury  :  And  if  the  metal  end 
in  (harp  points,  the  eleflrick  fluid  is 
drawn  on  to  it  from  a  greater  dif- 
tance,  or  thrown  off  from  it  with 
greater  eafe,  th.in  if  it  ended  in  a 
broad  furface.  Next  to  metals,  water 
is  found  to  be  the  bell  conduftor  of 
eleflricity.  Wood,  ftones,  and  bricks, 
the  common  materials  of  our  build- 
ings, are  bad  conductors. 

From  thefe  things  laid  together,  it 
follows,  that  if  an  houfe  were  fur- 
nifhed  with  a  continued  line  of  metal, 
as  a  rod  or  wire  of  fufficient  thicknefs, 
reaching  above  the  top  of  the  houfe, 
and  down  into  the  ground,  the  matter 
of  lightening,  in  pafling  between  th« 
clouds  and  the  earth,  would  be  more 
readily  conduced  through  this  metal, 
than  through  the  other  materials  of 
the  houfe.  And  if  this  mctallick  con- 
duftor  was  fharp-pointed  at  the  top,  the 
lightening  would  begin  to  be  attra^ed 
to  it  while  the  cloud  was  yet  at  too 
great  a  diftance  to  ftrike  the  houfe, 
and  would  be  tranfmitied  through  it 
in  a  fmall  and  filent  flream,  without 
damage  to  the  houfe.  Whereas,  with- 
out luch  a  conductor,  none  of  the 
lightening  cah  be  difcharged  fr  m  the 
cloud  till  it  has  got  within  a  fmall  dif- 
tance from  the  houfe;    and   then   the 


perimenta  of  elcfVricity,  the  difcharge.  difcharge  is  made  all  at  once,  with  a 
may  be  made  between  whatever  bodies     violence  which  nothing  can  rcfift. 
we  pleaie :    In  lightening  it  is  made        Since  this  method  was  propofed  to 
S4ipt.  1768.  O  0  o  the 

•  Set  our  lafi  <vol.  f,  56S. 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


474  Utility  of  EleSric  ConiuBors.  Sept; 

the  public,    many  houfes  have  been    bluifk    mark  upon  the  bricks  \   an4 

*       '     where  the  lead  was  interrupted,  at  it 
was  in  two  or  three  placet,  the  light* 
ening  broke  the  intermediate  bnclcsf 
fo  that  it  plainly  ran  along  the  wboW 
length  of  this  water-table.  The  north* 
eaft  chambert  Aiflfered  moft.  ^  Several 
panes  of  glafs  in  the  windows  were 
broke,  and  the  fafhes  being  balanced 
with    iron    weightt,     the    lightening 
burft  jhto  the  frames  where  the  weights 
hungi  tore  off  the  cafmgs  and  the  win- 
liow-(hutters,   and  drove  fome  pieces 
of  them  to  the  farther  fide  of  the  cham- 
ber with  fuch  force  as  to  make  a  con* 
(iderable  im predion  in  the  wall.  In  the 
chamber  of  one  of  the  tutors,  fome  of 
the  gilding  was  ftripped  off  from  the 
frame  of  a  looking;- slafs,  and  the  po« 
lilh  of  the  gla(s  juli  by  it  deftro^. 
In  the  north  entry,  the  pofts  of  both 
the  great  doors  are  fplit.    Thefe  pofts 
have  an  iron  ftaple  about  the  middle 
of  their  height  \  from  which  there  is 
an  iron  bar'   hangine    down,  to  the 
floor.     So  far  as  thele  bars  rtached, 
the  polls  were  not  hurt;    but  above 
this  to  the  upper  hinees,    the  pofts 
were  fplit,  and  the  eaitern  door  wu 
forced    off  its    upper    hinge.      The 
wooden-work  of  the  building  appears 
fcorched  in  many    places.      Though 
there  were  a  great  number  of  perfons 
in  all   parts  of  that  college,  yet,  b^ 
the  gocxi  providence  of  God,    no  lift 
was  loft;   nor  were  any  much  hurt. 
Several  felt  a  blow,  which  they  com- 
pare to  the  ele^ric   (hock,    fome  on 
their  head,    and  fome  on  their  feet; 
and  one  of  the  ftudents,  in  the  nortb- 
weft  upper  chamber,  fitting  on  a  chair, 
was  thrown  down  with  his  chair,  per* 
ceiving  neither  the  fla/h  nor  the  re- 
port }  but  no  hurt  was  done  to  tbt 
room.    It    is    remarkable  that    fomt 
perfons  had  gone  out  of  the  chamber 
where  the  greatefl  damage  wai  done, 
by  the  window  Oiutters  being  (hivered 
and    the  chimney  cracked,    not  half 
a  minufe  before  this  happened. 

None  of  the  other  colleges  were 
affected  with  this  (hock.  Harvard* 
hall,  which  is  nearelt  to  HoUis,  and 
is  furnifhed  witn  pointed  wires,  efca* 
ped.  The  wires  were  fecn  by  many 
to  tranfmit  a  large  quantity  of  the 
lightening,  which  has  left  vifible  ourks 
o\  fmut  on  the  bricks,  where  the  (c* 
vera!  pieces  of  wires  were  hooked  to- 

gethc/ 


many  houfes  have  been 
fitted'  in   this  manner,    with  pointed 
rods  of  metal,  and  the  event  has  fully 
judified  the  hopes  that  had  been  en- 
tertained from  them.    All  the  obfer- 
vations  that  have  been   niade,    have 
abundantly   confirmed  this    dc6lrine, 
$hat  lightening  obferves  all  the   laws 
of  electricity ;   and  we,   in  this  place, 
have  )u(t  had  a  new  confirmation  qi  it. 
Harvard -hall  and  the  (leeple  of  the 
meeting- houfc,    be(ides  many  private 
houfes  m  thjs  town  are  furnifhed  with 
fuch  an    apparatus  of   pointed  rods. 
Laft   Saturday  in   tjie   afternoon,  we 
*had  the  moft  violent  thunder  (orm 
that  has  been  known  here  for  many 
years ;    or,    perhaps,    than   was  ever 
known  here.     In  my  houfe,  that  has 
fuch  an  apparatus  fitted,  with  bells,  to 
give  notice  of  the  paffaee  of  the  light- 
ening along  the  rods,  the  bells  began 
to  ring  as  ibon  as  the  6rff  thunder  was 
heard  at  a  dillance,    and   continued 
ringing  brifkly  for  about   an  hour  5 
and  the   lightening    not    being   con- 
du6led  quick  enoueh  by  the  tongue,  it 
frequently  fialhed  from  one  bell  to  the 
other,   and  with  cracks  loud  enoueh 
to  be  heard  in  the  farther  part  of  the 
houfe.    But  when  the  height  of  the 
ilorm  came  on,  and  the  rain  poured 
down  impetuoufly,  the  ringing  ceafed ; 
the  rain  conducing  the    matter    of 
lightening  from  the  upper  wire  to  the 
lower^  on  the  outfide  of  the  houfe, 
without  its  paffmg  through  the  bells. 
For  near  an  hour,  the  liglitening  fla(hed 
and  the  thunder  rattled  with  unufual 
violence,  and  with  fcarce  any  intcr- 
sniflion.     In  this  interval,  there  was  a 
prodigious  explofion  upon  Hollis-haJl. 
The  four  corners  of  the  caves  were 
all  ftruck  ;  the  cornices  and  modillions 
fplit  and  broke.    The   chief  damage 
was  'done  at  the  north-call  cornrr  j 
where  a  number  of  bricks  were  beat 
off  from  the  top  of  the  chimney,  which 
was    likewife    cracked     in    a    cham- 
ber below  ;  and  a  confiderable  breach 
was  made  in  the  corner  of  the  build- 
ing juil  hclow  the  eaves.     Between  the 
feveral  tirts  of  windows  there  is,  what 
I  think  the  wcj  kmen  call  a  water  ta- 
ble, a  fmall   projection  of  the  brick- 
work, which  was  covered  with  fheet- 
lead.     From  the  fouth  ealt  corner  of 
Kht  eaves  to  the  fouth- end  of  this  up- 
per tire  of  lead,    the  lighuning  left  a 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ty6S. 


Whence  the  Stroke  of  Lightning. 


475 


gether.  The  diftance  of  thcfc  points 
from  the  fartheft  chimney  in  Hoiiis, 
that  which  was  ftruck,  is  i6o  feet. 

A  4arge  elm  near  the  fteeple  of  the 
nieetinj^-houfei  was  alfo  ftruck.  The 
bark  of  the  body  of  the  tree  is  ripped 
open  in  a  winding  track,  pafTing  o- 
bliauely  through  an  iron  ftaple  which 
|iad  been  driven  into  the  tree ;  the 
lightening  having  been  manifedly  di- 
verted by  this  Itaple  from  a  dire<5l 
^otirfe.  The  branchc«  do  not  appear 
to  be  injured.  The  diftance  of  the 
bottom  of  the  tree  from  the  bottom 
of  the  neareft  wire  on  the  fteeple,  is 
^fty-two  feet-!  and  this  is  the  leaft 
diftance  from  a  pointy  fo  far  as  I 
knowy  at  which  any  thing  has  been 
ftruck. 

It  has  been  made  a  c^ueftion,  whe- 
ther the  clouds  are  eledinied  pofitively 
ot  negatively  ?  and  this  involves  ano- 
ther, whether  the  ftroke  of  lightening 
be  from  the  clouds  down  to  the*earth, 
or  from  the  earth  up  into  the  clouds  ? 
That  it  comes  from  the  clouds,  has 
I  fuppofe  been  the  univerfal  opinion 
Hi  all  ages.  The  terms  in  which  an- 
tient  writers,  facred  and  profane,  have 
exprefTed  themfelvcs  on  this  rubjf6>, 
evidently  led  to  this  idea.  Nor  did 
later  writers  exprefs  themfelves  diffe- 
rently, till  the  new  difcovcries  in  elec- 
tricity. It  is  very  diflkult,  and  in 
moft  cafes  impoflible,  to  judge  by  the 
effects  which  way  the  ftroke  was  di- 
rected ;  as  the  appearances  muft  gene- 
rally be  the  fame  in  both  cafes.  But 
there  is  a  circumftance  that  inclines  one 
to  think,  the  ftroke  on  HoUishall  was 
from  above.  This  is,  that  the  up- 
per  water-table  was  ftruck.  Had  the 
Uroke  been  from  below,  it  might  ra- 
ther have  been  expedled  that  the  low. 
eft  ftiould  have  been  ftruck,  as  the 
lightening  muft  have  pafTed  by  this, 
before  it  could  get  to  the  upper. 
%Vhich  way  the  tree  by  the  mecting- 
boufe  was  ftruck,  is  more  difficult  to 
<3etermrne.  The  wire  from  the  fteeple  is 
turned  under  the  tower,  where  it  ends 
in  dry  ground,  which  is  not  a  good 
tfondu^or.  It  may  be  fuppofed  then, 
with  probability,  that  the  column  of 
lightening  brought  down  by  this  wire, 
not  finding  a  ready  pafl*age  into  the 
dry  ground  at  the  bottom,  turned  off 
on  the  ootfide  where  the  furface  of  the 
earth  was  covered  with  water,  and 
tlicre  fjpreading  itfclf^  that  part  which 


ran  towards  the  tree  ftruck  the  barh 
of  it.  For  the  ftroke  at  the  bottom 
is  on  the  ilde  neareft  the  wire  :  from 
whence  the  track  afcends  obliquely  to« 
wards  the  further  fide  of  the  tree. 

To  conclude.  The  ftrong  attrac- 
tive power  of  the  metals,  and  the 
confcquent  advantage  of  the  pointed 
wires,  plainly  appear  in  this  cafe. 
The  buildings  that  were  hirnifhed 
with  thcfc  cfcaped  unhurt,  norwirh- 
ftaoding  the  vaft  quantity  of  cicftrick 
matter  which  was  difchnrged  clofe  by 
them.  Had  it  not  been  for  thefe,  it 
is  highly  probable  the  fteeple  of  the 
meetmg^houfe  had  been  fhattcrcd  to 
pieces,  and  Harvard-hall  fuffcrcd  at 
much  as  HolHs.  But  it  may  juftly  be 
hoped,  that  careful  obfervations  on 
the  courfe  of  lightening,  the  manner 
in  which  diftcrcnt  bodies  are  afFc^lcd 
by  it,  the  particular  firuation  of  thofe 
bodies  and  the  neighbouring  ones^  and 
the  diftance  to  which  points  extend 
their  protecting  influence,  will  lead  to 
farther  difcovcries  on  this  intercfting 
fubjca, 

J.  WiNTHROP, 

CbaraSier  of  Cardwal  Rich  lieu,  prim* 
MiniflcrtoLems  XIII,  /fiV^o/France, 
From  De  BuryV,  lifi  of  that  Prince. 

*«  O  ICHLIEU  has  (bared  the  fate 
JX.  of  all    thofe  who    are    raifed 
above  others  by  their  merit  and  their 
great   a61ions.     Envy,    influenced   by 
ambition  andintereft,  was  continually 
at  work  in  forming  cabals  and  plots 
againft  his  power,  and  even  a^ainft  hif 
life.     Tlie  impotent  malice  of  his  cne-* 
mics  ftoopcd  fo  low  as  to  fill  the  king^ 
dom  with  fatires  and   libels  upon  his 
chara6^er  and  condu6>,  while  foreigners 
beheld   him  with   admiration.     Beavi- 
tru,    (the  French   ambafl'idor  at   the 
court  of  Spain)  complain'ng  one  day,, 
to  the  count-duJce  Olivarez,  of  the  de- 
famatory libels   that  were  printed   in 
Flanders  ngainft  the  king  and  his  coun* 
cil,  the  count  duke  replied  :    *^  I  will 
do  all  in  my  power  to  prevent  it,    be- 
ing equally  concerned   myfelf  in   my 
chara^er   as    minifter  of  ftate.     But 
with  regard  to  the  Cardinal-duke,    I 
have  often  told  the  King  of'  Spain,    it 
was  his  greateft  misfortune   that  the 
king  of  France  had  the  ahleft  minifter,; 
that  haiappearecl  in  Chriftendom  for 
thefe   thouland  years.    For  my  own 
O  o  o  a  par^ 


[^gitized  by  Google 


r^' 


476  C  H  A  R  A  C  T 

part,  I  could  be  content  to  have  whole 
libraries  publiflicd  everyday  againft  me, 
if  my  hn after'!  affairs  were  but  as  well 
managed  as  thofe  of  the  moft  chriftiin 
king."  , 

Never  did  minifter  meet  with 
greater  obftacles  to  the  execution  of 
his  deiigns  than  Richlieu.  Scarce  a 
year  pafTed,  in  which  fome  cabal  waj 
not  formed  to  ruin,  or  fome  plot  to 
afTaninate  him.  If  he  had  lived  under- 
Henry  IV.  he  would  not  have  (hed  fo 
much  blood.  The  ^reat  lords  of  the 
kingdom,  whom  he  in  a  manner  anni- 
hilated, would  have  been  undoubtedly 
preferved.  Henry  would  have  known 
how  to  have  kept  them  within  thofe 
bounds  of  duty,  to  which  by  his  gen- 
•  tlencfs,  wifdom,  and  refolution  he 
had  reduced  them.  The  great  will 
more  willingly  obey  a  prince  who  can 
maintain  his  authority,  than  a  minif- 
ter  to  whom  he  intrufts  it,  whom 
they  uf'ually  confider  as  their  equal, 
«nd  often  as  their  inferior.  From 
hence  arofe  all  thofe  plots  and  factions, 
which  forced  him  to  ufc  fcvcre  me- 
thods, when  mild  and  gentle  means 
were  infuificienr.  He  gave  a  pretty 
jiift  idea  of  his  own  chara6ler,  when 
fpeaking  one  day  to  the  Marquis  of 
Vieuville  he  faid,  **  I  never  venture  to 
undertake  any  thing  till  I  have  confi- 
dered  it  thoroughly  :  but  when  I  have 
once  formed  my  refolution,  I  never 
lofe  fight  of  my  ohje^,  J  overturn,  I 
mow  down  all  before  me,  and  then  I 
throw  my  red  cafTock  over  iti  and 
cover  all." 

He  would  willingly  have  kept  in 
favour  with  the  queen  mother,  and 
even  with  Monficur  (the  duke  of  Or- 
leans, the  king's  brother)  without  be- 
ing wanting  in  what  h^fthought  was 
dpe  to  the  fervice  of  the  king  and  the 
good  of  the  Hate.  He  ufed  to  fay 
fometimes,  *«  That  he  had  three  maf- 
ter?,  the  king,  Mary  of  Medicis,  and 
the  duke  of  Orleans  :  that  his  honour, 
and  his  duty  obliged  him  to  iervc 
them  all  three,  but  in  order,  and 
each  in  their  rank  j  and  that  he  would 
never  be  reproached  with  hiving  gi- 
ven to  the  third  what  was  due  only 
to  the  firft."  But  he  could  not  fuc- 
ceed  in  pleafing  thefe  three  perfons, 
who  feldom  had  the  fame  views  or  the 
fame  interefls  :  and  the  king  whom  he 
fci  ved  with  fo  much  teal  a^  liicccfti 


tK     OT  Sept. 

gave  him  more  trouble  than  the  other 
lw« . 

He  was  indefatigable  in  hit  appli« 
cation  to  bufmefs,  though  he  had  a  ve« 
ry  delicate  conflitution,  and  was  fub- 
]t£i  almoft  to  continual  attacks  of  iiU 
nefs.  He  generally  went  to  bed  at  ele« 
ven,  and  when  he  had  flept  three  or 
four  hours,  he  had  a  light,  and  pea, 
ink,  and  paper  brought  him,  to  write 
bimfelf,  or  to  dilate  to  a  fecretary,  ^ 
who  lodged  in  his  chamber.  He  then 
went  to  fleep  again  at  five  or  fix,  and 
rofe  between  feven  and  eight. 

His  word  might  be  depended  upon^ 
and  if  he  had  once  promifed  a  perfon 
a  favour  he  was  fure  of  bbtaining  it. 
He  was  earneft  ill  ferving  his  friends, 
and  all  thofe  wh6  were  attached  to 
him.  The  ofHcers  of  bis  houfhold 
looked  upon  him  as  the  beft  of  maf- 
ters :  they  received  from  him  nothing 
but  marks  of  kind  nefs,  and  they 
thought  themfelves  happy  in  bis  fer- 
vice. If  at  any  time  an  angry  or  iia« 
patient  expreffion  efcaped  him,  which 
happened  very  feldom,  he  made  them 
abundant  amends  by  the  favoura  he 
bellowed  upon  them. 

The  expencet  of  his  houfhold  a* 
mounted  to  four  milliom^  (of  livres) 
every  year,  including  the  maintenance 
of  his  guard.  He  had  a  hundred 
horfe- guards,  commanded  by  a  cap- 
tain, a  lieutenant,  two  quarter  niaf« 
ters  and  four  brigadiers.  This  was 
the  firfl  guard  the  kitie  granted  him 
at  the  time  of  the  plot  Tormed  againft 
him  by  de  Chalois.  From  1631,  tht 
king  added  to  thefe  a  company  of 
two  hundred  mufketeers,  and  after 
that  a  fecond  of  an  hundred  and  t wen- 
tv  gendarmes,  and  a  third  of  fix  (core 
light  horfe.  The  number  of  his  do* 
meflicks  was  prodigious.  He  had  ne- 
ver lefs  than  twenty-four  or  twenty- 
five  pages:  fometimes  they  amounted 
to  thirty*  fix,  whom  be  educated  with 
great  care  and  at  a  great  expence.  He 
had  every  day  four  different  tables, 
and  all  ferved  magnificently.  The 
firft  confiftcd  of  fourteen  covers,  to 
which  ufually  none  but  the  firft  nobili^ 
ty,  his  relations  or  particular  friends 
were  admitted.  There  was  a  fecond 
in  another  hall,  where  his  mafter  of 
the  houfhold  fat,  confifting  of  thirty 
covers:  a  third  for  his  pages  and  the 
principal  officm  of  his  houfhold,  and 

a  fourth 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ij6S. 


Cardinal  Righlieu. 


a  fomtb  for  the  fenrants  in  liTery, 
who  were  very  numerous. 

When  he  travelled,  the  vaft  number 
of  carriages  of  all  kinds  in  his  train 
referobled  the  march  of  a  fovereign 
prince  rather  than  that  of  a  rich  fub- 
yt€t.  His  band  of  mafic,  with  which 
he  was  always  attended,  was  compofed 
of  twelve  rouficiansy  chofen  out  of  the 
ffreateft  artifts  in  France :  and  his 
Doufhold  was  better  paid  and  made  a 
more  fplendid  appearance  than  the 
king's.  His  mafter  was  difpleafed  at 
the  ^te  and  magnificence  his  minif- 
teraffededy  and  did  not  conceal  his 
fentiments  from  the  Cardinal  himfelf, 
efpecially  when  he  was  out  of  humour 
at  any  Ind  news  :  and  when  he  durft 
not  uke  notice  of  it  to  him,  he  com- 
plained of  it  to  thofe  with  whom  he 
was  intimate. 

The  Cardinal  had  for  fome  time  be- 
fore his  death  been  lofing  ground  in 
the  king*8  favour,  and  probably  W9uld 
liavebeen  intirely  difcarded,  if  he  had 
lived  much  longer.  When  the  king 
paid  him  a  vifit  in  his  laft  illnefs,  as 
be  was  fitting  by  his  bed- fide,  Rich- 
lieu,  after  thanking  him  for  the  ho- 
nour he  had  done  him,  addrefl'ed  him 
in  the  following  manner:  <*  Sire,  this 
is  the  laft  adieu.  In  taking  leave  of 
four  majefty,  1  have  the  fatisfa^tion  to 
leave  your  kingdom  in  the  higheft  de- 
gree of  ^lorv  and  reputation  it  has 
ever  attainecf,  and  your  enemies  fub- 
dued  and  humbled.  The  only  reward 
of  my  labours  and  fervices  I  pre  fume 
to  afk  of  your  majefty  is,  that  you 
would  continue  to  honour  my  ne- 
phews and  other  relations  with  your 
protection  and  favour.  I  give  them 
sny  bleifing,  only  upon  condition  that 
they  never  fwerve  from  that  obedience 
ancl  fidelity  which  they  owe  you,  and 
which  they  have  folemnly  engaged  al- 
ways to  maintain/*  The  king  gave 
bim  his  promife,  and  they  had  a  pri- 
vate converfation  together,  in  which 
the  Cardinal  recommended  to  him 
the  minifters  who  were  already  in 
place,  aifuring  him  that  they  were 
thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  ftate 
of  affairs,  and  flrongly  attached  to 
bis  fervice.  He  added,  that  he  knew 
of  no  perfon.  more  capable  of  filling 
%ip  his  own  place,  than  Cardinal  Ma- 
zarine, ^whofe  zeal  and  fidelity  he  had 
experienced  on  maay  occafions.  The 
JiLing  replied^   that  he  IhoQl4  always 


f. 


477 

follow  the  advice  he  had  given  himt 
having  long  been  convinced  of  the 
wiAlom  of  his  counfels  and  that  he 
would  employ  Mazarine  and  the  other 
minillers,  who  (hould.  be  continued  in 
their  pofts. 

When  the  king  was  retired,  the 
Cardinal  afked  the  phyficians  how  long 
they  thought  he  could  live:  *'  Do 
not  be  afraid,  fays  he,  of  telling  mo 
your  real  fentiments,  you  are  fpeak- 
mg  to  one  who  is  perfedly  reficrned 
to  the  will  of  God,  either  for  li&  or 
death."  They  told  him,  they  faw  at 
prefent  no  immediate  danger,  and  that 
they  muft  wait  till  the  feventh  day 
before  they  could  abfolutely  pronounce 
upon  the  cafe.  "  That  is  well,"  re- 
plied the  Cardinal :  but  towards  eve« 
ning,  his  fever  returned  with  fo  much 
violence,  that  they  were  obliged  to 
bleed*  him  twice.  "  M.  Chicot,  faid 
he,  addreffing  himfelf  to  one  of  the 
king's  phyficians,  fpeak  to  me,  I  be« 
feech  y6u,  not  as  a  phyfician,  but  at 
a  friend,  without  difguife."  My  lord, 
replied  Chicot,  after  having  made 
fome  difficulty  in  giving  his  opinion, 
**  I  believe  that  in  twenty- four  hours 
you  will  be  either  dead  or  well." 
*'  That  is  fpeaking  as  you  ought,  re- 
plied the  Cardinal,  I  underftand  you.** 
After  confefiiion,  he  aficed  for  the  via- 
ticum, which  was  brought  him  aa 
hour  after  midnight.  <*  Behold  my 
Lord  and  my  God,  cries  the  cardinsU, 
which  I  am  juft  going  to  receive :  I  pro- 
teit  before  him  and  call  him  to  witnefs, 
that  in  the  whole  of  my  condu^  do- 
ring  my  mini  ftry  I  have  had  nothing 
in  view  but  the  welfare  of  religion  and 
of  the  ftate."  Some  hours  after,  he 
received  extreme  undion,  "  My  lord, 
(aid  the  curate  who  attended  him,  do 
you  forgive  your  enemies  ?"  It  is  faid 
he  made  him  this  anfwer,  «  I  never 
had  any  but  thofe  of  the  ftate."  Others 
affirm,  that  he  only  faid,  "Yes,  with 
all  my  heart,  and  as  I  wifh  to  be  for- 
given myfelf."  For  a  day  or  two 
after,  he  feemed  a  little  revived  by  a 
medicine  which  was  given  him  by  a 
quack,  who  undertook  to  cure  him, 
when  his  phyficians  had  given  him  up. 
While  the  effcas  of  this  lafted,  he 
converfed  with  the  iccretaries  of  ftate 
upon  bufinefs,  and  was  well  enough' 
to  receive  the  compliments  that  were 
fent  him  from  the  Duke  of  Orleant 
and  the  QiL^^n  i  ^^^  g^ve  his  anfwert 

te 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


Means  of  forming 


478   , 

to  them  with  a  great  deal  of  ftrcngth 
and  pre  fence  of  mind.  But  he  foon 
after  became  fo  weak,  that  he  per- 
ceived he  vas  near  hit  end.  "Niece, 
iaid  he  to  the  Duchefs  of  Equillon,  I 

am  very  ill! leave  me,   I  bcfcech 

you  }  your  tears  affeft  me:  fpare  your- 
lelf  the  pain  of  feeing  me  die."  Fa- 
ther Leon  coming  up  to  the  Cardinal, 
told  him  he  was  at  the  end  of  his  life, 
of  which  he  was  going  to  give  an  ac- 
count to  God ;  at  the  fame  time  he 
prefented  the  crucifix  to  him  to  kifs, 
and  pronounced  the  laft  abfolution  to 
him.  The  commendatory  prayer*  were 
fcarce  begun,  when  he  expired  in  the 
fifty-eighth  vear  of  his  age,  and  the 
eighteenth  of  hit  ralniftry.— Saon  after 
the  king  being  informed  that  his  mi- 
nifter  was  departed,  faid,  very  coldly, 
to  fome  of  his  courtiers,  "  There  is  a 
great  politician  gotie.'* 

The  Cardinars  moft  intimate  fHend 
and  confident  was  father  Jofeph,  a  ca- 
puchin, who  was  reckoned  the  moft 
able  negotiator  in  Europe.  He  enter» 
cd  into  all  the  cardinaPs  views,  and 
being  lefs  embarraiTed  with  the  num- 
berlefs  intrigues  of  4he  court  and  ca- 
binet, and  not  obliged  like  his  friend 
to  take  any  ftate  upon  h]m>  he  coald 
think  over  at  leifure  in  his  cell  the 
ichemes  they  had  formed  together  x 
fo  that  our  author  thinks  it  exceeding 
probable  that  Richlieu  would  have 
Deen  very  much  at  a  lofs  to  have  con- 
dofled  fo  many  great  and  fuccefsful 
negotiations,  without  his  afTiftance.  — 
Upon  fome  occafion  the  popular  cla- 
mour being  raifed  againft  the  Cardinal, 
he  kept  himfelf  (hut  up  in  his  palace, 
•nd  was  afraid  of  bemg  feen  in  the 
Greets.  But  by  Father  Jofeph's  advice 
he  was  perfuaded  to  go  through  the 
city  without  his  guards,  and  (hew 
himfelf  to  the  people  ;  who  inftead  of 
offering  him  any  infiilt,  being  pleafed 
with  this  indance  of  his  confidence, 
and  with  the  affability  and  conde- 
Icenfion  he  exprefied  to  all  he  met^ 
loaded  him  with  their  bleflings.  Upon 
his  return,  bis  friend  faid,  <*  Did  not 
I  tell  you,  that  you  was  only  faint- 
hearted :  and  that  with  a  little  cou- 
rage and  firmnefs  you  would  foon 
raife  the  fpirits  of  the  citizens,  and 
reftore  your  affairs.'' 

Perhaps  the  reader,  from  this  fketch 
bf  Cardinal '-RichlieU^scharader,  may 
Ik  inclined  to  tiiiok  with  ui>  that  if 


Sept 


he  had  contented  htmCelf  with  a  plaia, 
modeft,  and  humble  manner  of  hving« 
like  Father  Paul  of  Venice,  who  wu 
for  many  years  as  much  the  oracle  ol 
that  ftaie  as  the  Cardinal  was  of  France, 
he  might  have  avoided  a  great  part  of 
the  ttivy  he  incurred,  and  wbald  not 
have  been  under  the  difagreeablc  ne- 
ceflity  of  making  fo  many  iacrificcs  to 
his  own  fafety.  It  is  true,  as  this  au- 
thor has  obferved,  that  ambition  haf 
generally  the  largeft  place  in  great 
minds :  but  it  is  iikewife  true,  that  it 
difcovers  a  ftill  greater  mind  to  de- 
fpife  and  get  above  it ;  and  that  a  iia- 
cere  regard  to  the  public  good,  and  a 
difmterefted  love  of  one's  country,  art 
much  nobler  and  more  certain  princi- 
ples of  adllon  than  any  views  of  pri. 
vate  advancement  or  renown.^*  (Set 
vol.   1733,  p.  608,  1736,  p.  60,    vA 

J755»  P-  ^7.)  . 

[App.  M.  Ri^irwTi 

The  Means  of  forming  the  Mtmds  tf  $ 
State,  From  Lacroix's  Treatife  of 
Morality,  latilj  puhlijbed  at  Paris. 
<«  T  F  men,  fays  he,  are  not  lovers  of 
Jl  virtue,  puniihments  will  not  be  fof- 
ficienttolceep  them  in  their  duty  ^  they 
will  gratify  their  paflions  whenever  they 
think  they  can  do  it  with  impunity. 
The  beft  way,  therefore,  nay  the  on- 
ly way  to  make  men  obey  the  Ixwsi 
it  to  give  them  morals  \  that  is,  to  in- 
fpire  them  with  a  love  of  virtue. 
Thofe  who  would  govern  a  Aate  pro- 
perl  v,  fays  Ifocrates,  muft  not  think 
of  filling  porticos  with  laws  written 
upon  tables,  but  muft  take  care  that 
citizens  have  the  maxims  of  juftice  en- 
graved upon  their  hearts.  It  is  not 
laws,  indeed,  but  morals  which  ferve 
to  regulate  a  ftate.  Thoie  who  have 
had  a  bad  education,  do  not  hefiutc 
to  violate  the  cleareft  and  moft  deter- 
minate laws}  whereas  thofe  who  hate 
been  well  educated,  chearfully  and 
readily  fubmit  to  proper  regulations. 

The  love  of  virtue  is  producc^l  in 
a  ftate,  by  giving  youth  a  good  edu- 
cation, by  granting  honorary  diftinc- 
tions  to  virtue,  by  profcribing  luxu- 
ry, and  by  difl^fing  the  knowledge  of 
the  chriftian  religion. 

In  order  to  educate  nfen  proper]y,they 
muft  be  taken  in  their  infancy,  bicfbrt 
their  minds  are  filled  with  prejodices. 
and  before  vicro^  inclinations  have 
uken  root  ia  th«ir  bceafts  %  it  is  too 

hue 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


late  to  form  them  after  they  arc  cor- 
rupted. Among  the  Perfiani  and  La- 
:edemonians,  the  children  of  every 
ritizen  were  confidered  as  belonging 
0  the  ftate  j  accordingly  the  Hate  took 
ht  charge  of  their  education,  and  di- 
refted  it  entirely  towards  the  love  of 
heir  country,  and  obedience  to  its 
awg.  What,  indeed,  is  the  ind  pro- 
pofed  by  a  public  education  ?  Is  it  to 
nake  fcbolars  and  learned  men  ?  It  is 
)f  more  importance  to  every  ftate, 
furely,  that  its  members  (hould  know 
now  to  live  well  than  fpeak  well  i  and 
here  is  no  principle  but  virtue  that 
:an  lead  them  to  li^c  well :  Fear  is 
urithout  efficacy,  when  men  think 
hey  may  avoid  punifliment  j  and  ho- 
lour  or  the  defire  of  eftecm  is  cxtin- 
!^uiibed,  when  it  is  not  aniiiivited  by 
;he  public  favour.  Let  the  end  pro- 
pofed  by  public  education,  therefore, 
jt  to  teach  virtue,  and  to  infpire 
(Touth  with  the  love  of  the  fever^l  du- 
lies  incumbent  on  them  a^  men  and 
ritizcns.  It  is  now  feveral  years  fiftcc 
m  eftablifliment  has  been  formed  in 
the  heart  of  France  upon  thefe  views, 
[VEcoU  Miliiaire)  and  which  promifes 
:o  the  nation  a  new  race  of  citizens. 
[t  is  there  that  the  young  nobility  of 
the  kingdom,  trained  under  the  eye 
3f  the  minifter  by  able  matters,  are 
taught  the  love  of  virtue  and  of  their 
;ountry,  to  know  and  to  reverence 
the  laws  and  maxims  of  the  ftate.  It 
s  there,  that  having  the  generofity 
md  munificence  of  their  prince  con- 
hnily  before  their  eyes,  they  animate 
>ne  another  to  copy  after  the  example 
)f  their  illuftrious  anceftors,  and  qua- 
ify  themfelves  for  defending  the  ftate 
md  fupportin^  the  honour  and  dignity 
>f  their  fovereign,  even  at  the  expence 
)f  their  lives  :  an  eftablifhment  worthy 
)f  the  higheft  praifes,  and  which  will 
}e  an  everlafting  monu/hent  of  the 
wifdom  and  beneficence  of  Lewis  the 
F'ifteenth. 

Though  virtue  be  naturally  beauti- 
'u1,  though  /he  conftitutes  the  true  fe- 
icity  of  man,  yet  fuch  is  the  weak- 
)efs  and  imperfe6tion  of  human  na* 
ure,  that  there  muft  be  rewards  and 
liftin6^ions  for  her  votaries.  Let  vir- 
ue  then  be  crowned  with  honour  j 
et  the  dignities  of  the  ftate  be  con- 
erred  on  her.  Has  vice  any  claim  to 
hem  ?  They  were  originally  eftablifh- 
id  for  the  good  of  fociety^  and  if  vice 


755>  Morals  of  a  State. 


479 

ufurps  them,  the  end  of  their  inftitu- 
tion  is  defeated.  Has  birth  any  title 
to  them?  A  long  train  of  illuftrioua 
anceftors  does  not  confer  merit,  nor 
tranfmit  to  their  pofterity  either  ta- 
lents or  virtue.  If  the  defcendants  of 
a  citizen,  who  diftinguilhed  himfelf  in 
the  fervice  of  his  country,  have  no 
perfonal  nierit,  they  are  only  monu- 
ments to  preferve  the  memory  of  a 
virtuous  man,  and  in  this  view  are 
only  entitled  to  empty  admiration  an4 
outward  refpeft. 

Luxury,  above  all  things,  ought 
to  be  checked  by  fevcre  laws.  It  in- 
fpires  a  paffion  for  frivolous  pleafures  % 
renders  money  the  fupreme  good, 
makes  men  facrifico  every  thing  to  tho 
acquifitioii  of  riches,  enervates  the 
body  and  enfeebles  the  foul.  Can 
there  be  a  more  dreadful  fcourge  in 
any  government?  It  makes  part  of  the 
money  of  the  rich,  indeed,  circulate 
among  the  poor,  but  at  the  fame  time 
it  makes  beggars  of  a  vaft  number  of 
citizens,  by  the  enormous  con  funiption 
it  occaiions  of  provifions  of  every  kind. 

Befide,  if  the  rage  of  diftinguilhing 
themfelves  by  glare  and  parade  be 
checked,  citizens  will  employ  their 
wealth  in  fchemes  of  public  utility, 
and  virtue  will  diflTufe  more  bleffingt 
among  the  poor  than  the  raoft  extra- 
vagant luxury. 

What  arc  we  to  think  then  of  th« 
reafon  which  an  illuftnous  niodcrn  af- 
figns  for  pcrmittting  luxury  in  mo- 
narchies; viz.  that  it  the  rich  do  not 
Ipend  a  great  deal,  the  poor  will  be 
ftarved  ?  Monarchies,  adds  the  fame 
politician,  (Montefquieu)  arc  ruined 
by  poverty.  Hiltory  furnifhes  no  ex- 
ample of  this.  The  firft  empires  of 
Niniveh  and  Babylon  fell  amidft  the 
greateft  opulence.  Pcrfia,  when  poor, 
deftroyed  the  rich  empires  of  Lydia, 
Babylon,  and  Egj^pt  j  when  rich,  fhe 
was  not  a  match  for  a  handfu^bf  Ma- 
cedonians. When  Macedonia  became 
opulent,  when  the  kingdoms  of  Syria 
and  Egypt  abounded  in  wealth,  they 
were  obliged  to  yield  to  the  warlike  • 
poverty  of  the  Romans,  who  fell  a  prey 
themfelves  to  barbarians,  after  pillag- 
ing the  univerfe.— Riches  are  the  na- 
tural  fource  of  luxury}  luxury  begets 
corruption,  and  corruption  deftroys 
ftates. 

But  the  firmeft  fupport  of  laws  is  re- 
ligion ;  there  is  no  motive  which  ads 

more 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


48o 

more  powerfully  upon  the  mind  of  man, 
than  the  firm  belielf  of  an  all-powerful 
deity,  who  punifiies  vice  and  rewards 
virtue  :  this  too  is  the  only  motive  ca- 
pable of  reftraining  the  impctuofity  of 
the  paflions,  and  counterbalancing  pri- 
vate intereft.  ^  /  kuo^  not,  faid  the  Ro- 
man orator,  v^ry  juftly,  luhetber  by  ba^ 
nijbing  religion  and  piety  nve  do  not  dc- 
firoy  good  faitb  among  men,    and  confe- 


Reply  TO  A.  B. 


SepC 

able  in  itfelf  to  public  profperity  and 
order,  yet  it  has  been  the  occaflon  of 
many  calamities,  and  of  the  moft 
cruel  and  bloody  wars  in  Gemimny, 
Italy,  and  France }  but  it  would  be 
grofs  ignorance,  nay  dowm^ght  m^^ 
nefs,  to  make  it  anfwerable  for  fuch 
calamities ;  they  are  only  to  be  im- 
puted to  the  barbarity  of  the  times,  amd 
to  curfed  ambition.    Let  chriftians  ob- 


quently  ju/lice,  wbicb  u  the  moft  excellent    ly  be  well  inftru6ted  in  the  principlet 


9f  ail  ^virtues. 

Of  the  different  forms  of  religion 
which  are  eftablifhed  upon  the  face  of 
the  earth,  there  is  none  whofe  precepts 
and  doflrines  are  better  calculated 
than  thofe  of  Chriftianity,  to  form  the 
morals  of  a  nation,  to  check  the  im- 
petuoiity  of  human  pailions,  to  con- 
troul  the  influence  oi  climate,  and  to 
infpire  fubmiflion  and  obedience  to  the 
laws. 

This  religion  gives  civil  laws  the 
rreateft  efficacy  they  can  pofRbly  have, 
by  lending  them  the  aids  of  conscience. 
It  is  not  in  the  leaft  repUgnant  to  the 
ibcial  fpirit;  for  the  focial  fpirit  is 
,  only  that  attachment  to  one's  country 
which  makes  a  man  confecrate  his  ta. 
lents,  his  fortune,  and  his  life  to  the 
^rvice  of  it.  Now  there  is  nothing 
that  infpirfcs  this  attachment  fo  much 
9s  Chriftianity,  iince  there  is  nothing 
which  infpires  a  man  with  a  ftronger 
delire  of  performing  his  duty.  Re- 
publican virtue,  the  principle  of  ho- 
nour in  monarchies,  of  fear  in  defpo- 
tic  ftates  are  feeble  piotives  to  influ- 
ence a  citizen  to  facrifice  his  deareft 
interefts  and  ftrongeft  inclinations  to 
the  fervice  of  his  country ;  it  is,  chrif- 
tianity alone  that  can  raife  man  above 
the  weaknefTes  of  his  heart. 

It  would  be  a  great  error,  therefore, 
in  policy,  not  to  introduce  chriflianity 
into  a  (late,  or  not  to  maintain  it 
when  it  is  eftablifhed.  But  as  the  good 
effe6l8  it  is  capable  of  producing  de- 
pend upon  the  decree  of  authority  it 
acquires  over  the  mind,  nothing  ought 
,  to  be  employed,  in  order  to  fpread  qr 
fupport  it,  but  perfuafion.  Violence 
would  only  make  hypocrites.  Wri- 
ting or  fpeaking,  however,  againfl 
this  religion,  ought  not  to  be  permit- 
ted  \  for  this  would  be  permitting  an 
attack  upon  the  moft  folid  foundations 
of  the  ftate,  and  would  give  occafion 
to  public  diflentions  and  commotions. 
Though  Chriftianity  be  very  favour- 


of  their  religion,  and  they  will  ever 
be  the  bcft  of  fubjc^ts :  The  condud 
of  the  firft  chriftians  is  a  fufficient 
proof  of  this.'* 

To  the  AUTHOR  rf  the  LONDOU 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

IBeg  the  favour  of  you  to  infert  the 
following  letter  to  Mr.  A.  B.  in 
your  impartial  Magazine,  which  will 
oblige,  Sir, 

Your  conftant  reader. 

The  Author  of  An  Appeal,  &Cf 

To  Mr.  A.  B. 
SIR, 

IN  your laft  you  fet  out  very  unfor- 
tunately :  You  charge  me  with  a 
contradidion,  as  my  words  cited  by 
you  imply,  that  Unitarian  and  Atba- 
nafian  writers  had  condemned  a  notion 
before  it  exifted  viz.  Mr.  T.  l\  icheme 
of  the  trinity,  which  muft  neceifmnly 
be  the  cafe,  if  this  notion  be  peculiar 
to  T.  I. 

Anf.  I  called  Mr.  T.  Fs  notion  pecu- 
liar, as  I  had  never  met  with  it  in  a 
modern  writer  ;  and  at  the  (ante  time 
obferved,    that   it  was  the  fame,    or 
nearly  the  fame,  with  the  old  SabelKan 
do^rine,    which  had  been  condemned 
by  Unitarian  and  Athanafian  writert. 
Remarkable  it  is,  that  you  have  taken 
particular  notice  of  my  exprefl[ion»  thai 
I  bad  not  met  ivitb  it  in  a  modern  *writer. 
Does  not  this  imply,    that  it  had  been 
entertained  by  fome  of  the  ancicnts> 
and  confequently  your  charge  appears 
groundlefs  from  the  very  words   you 
cite." 

In  order  to  (hew  that  T.  I.  does  not 
hold  a  peculiar  notion  of  the  Trinity, 
you  "cite  two  paflages  from  a  treatiW 
entitled,  Chriftian  Liberty  AIIert«i» 
6cc.  wrote  by  the  learned  and  worthy 
Mr.  Jackfon,  which  in  your  opinm 
fet  forth  the  &mc  notion  with  X.  Ts. 
viz.  that  ihe  Trinity  means  three  dit- 
I  lifia; 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ty6i. 


Notions  of  the 


tindl  attributes  of  the  Deity,  infinite 
l^oodnefs,  wifdom,  and  power.  You 
might  with  equal  juftice  have  cited  the 
fame'  pafTagcs  to  prove,  that  he  held 
the  Athanafian  do6trine,  which  he  con- 
futed in  this  and  feveral  other  treatifes. 
Mr.  Jackfon's  exprefs  view  in  thcfiift 
paflage,  p.  103.  was  to  (hew,  that  the 
antients  attributed  goodnefs  in  the 
higheft  degree  to  God  the  Father, 
chiefly  founded  upon  Matth.  xix. 
17.  ivby  calleji  thou  me  good?  There  U 
mnt  good  but  one,  that  is,  Co  J.  From 
whenec  you  draw  this  infei^ence,  "That 
the  antients,  according  to  Mr.  Jackfon, 
held  original,  fuprcmc,  underived 
goodnefs  to  be  God  the  Father.  Con- 
fequently  the  antients  held  Goodnefs 
to  be  a  perfon,  provided  they  held  the 
Father  to  be  a  perfon.'*  In  other  terms, 
they  held  a  mere  quality  or  attribute 
to  be  God  the  Father.  Let  Mr.  Jack- 
fon be  his  own  interpreter :  When  he 
had  cited  feveral  of  the  primitive  Fa- 
thcr*  to  (hew  their  fenfc  of  this  re- 
markable text,  which  isdecifive  againft 
the  Athanafian  do^rine,  he  concludes 
in  thefe  words,  p.  105.  "  So  that  the 
fenfe  of  the  antient  church  plainly  is, 
that  as  the  Father  only,  who  is  unori- 
ginated,  is  the  one  God  fupreme  over 
all,  fo  he  is  alone  fupreme  and  abfo- 
lutely  perfedl  in  refpeft  of  every  di- 
vine attribute-,  and  that  all  the  per- 
fections of  the  Son,  and  amonglt  thefe 
his  goodnefs,  being  derived  to  him  witji 
his  nature  from  the  Father,  are  not 
co-ordinate  or  equal  to  the  underived 
perfections  of  the  Father,  and  fo  that 
attribute  of  goodnefs  cannot  belong  to 
the  Son  in  the  fame  high  and  aWblute 
fenfe,  in  which  it  is  afcribed  to  the  Fa- 
ther, to  whofe  fupreme  goodnefs  cur 
Saviour  himfelf  in  the  text  before  us 
yields  the  pre-eminence.'*  When 
therefore  you  rcprefent  Mr.  Jackfon  as 
holding  goodnefs  to  be  God  the  Fa- 
ther, vou  are  confronted  with  his  ex- 
pre&  declarations  to  the  contrary,  who 
maintains,  that  goodnefs,  as  one  qua- 
lity or  attribute  amongft  the  other  di- 
vine attributes,  is  afcribed  to  God  the 
Father  in  the  higheft  and  mofl  abfolute 
fenfe.  When  you  talk  of  infinite  good- 
nefs being  a  perfon,  you  cou found  all 
propriety  of  language  and  fentiment. 

Again,  ,You  cite  Mr.  Jackfon  from 
the  fame  treatife,  p.  126.  as  declaring 
it  to  have  been  the  opinion  of  the  an- 
tients, that  Chrijf  (the  hgos)  is  the  Son 

Sept.  176X. 


"Triniiy  dif cuffed.  \%\ 

of  God,  and  that  the  Son  of  God  is  thi 
ivifdam  of  God,  From  thefe  words  you 
infer,  that*  the  antients  held  Wifdom  t9 
be  a  perfon,  unlefs  tbey  denied  the  Son  to 
be  a  ferfon.  It  appears  Itkenuife  from 
hence,  that  they  did  not  by  the  ivord  fer^ 
fin  mean  an  intelligent  agent, 

Anf  Mr.  Jackfon's  profcfled  yiew  in 
this  part  of  his  treatiie  was  to  prove, 
that  the . antients  held  Chrift  to  have 
been  created  by  the  Father,  for  which 
purpofe  they  applied  what  is  faid  of 
wifdoin,  Prov.  yiii.  21.  toChrift;  the 
Lord  pojfeffed  (^OLTiri  gr,  created)  me  in 
the  beginning  of  bis  ivay,  before  his  ivorh 
of  old.  This  interpretation  was  proba- 
bly occafioncd  by  our  Saviour's  being 
called  the  ivifdom  of  God  in  the  New 
Teftaraent,  iCor.  i.  27.— But  your  in- 
ference from  Mr.  Jackfon's  words  is 
groundlefs :  Chrift,  according  to  this 
interpretation,  was  not  reprefented 
as  the  wifdom,  or  a  mere  attribjjte  of 
God  in  the  literal  fenfe,  as  you  ima- 
gine, but  a  real  intelligent  Being  pro- 
duced or  created  by  the  Almighty  Fa- 
ther, and  called  the  wifdom  of  God, 
becaufe  there  was  a  glorious  difplay  of 
this  attribute  in  the  gofpel  difpenfa- 
tion.  Thai  they  underftood  Chrift  to 
be  an  intelligent  agent,  and  not  a 
mere  attribute  of  God,  undeniably  ap- 
pears from  the  fame  126th  page  of  Mr. 
jackfon's  treatife,  from  whence  you 
nave  cited  his  account  of  this  affair: 
This  learned  writer  fpeaking  of  the 
chriftian  worfhip  of  the  primitive 
church  obferves,  "  that  the  Father  was 
worih'ipedand  prayed  to  through  Chrift, 
and  in  his  name,  and  that  he  him- 
felf (viz.  Chrift)  wasinvocated  ina  fub- 
ordinate  and  mediate  fenfe,  that  he 
might  (as  our  mediator)  offer  up,  and 
by  his  mediation  render  effeftual  our 
,  prayers  to  the  one  God  ^nd  Father.'* 
Nothing  can  poffibly  be  more  evident, 
than  that  Chrift  is  here  defcribed  as 
an  intelligent  ageift  inferior  to  his 
God  and  Father,  it  being,  abfurd  to 
pay  mediatorial  worftiip  to  a  mere 
quality  or  attribute. 

But  it  is  worth  obfervin^,  that,  as 
you  call  Mr.  Jackfon  an  Anan,  all  you 
have  faid  relating  to  his  fentiments 
of  the  Trinity,  is  nothing  to  the  pur- 
pofe,  it  being  impoffihle  that  he  ftiould 
embrace  the  notion  you  afciibc  to  hiia 
coniittcntly  with  his  Arian  principles, 
or  rather  tJnitnrian,  Ariau  bting  a 
term  of  reproach  fixed  up::a  thole,  who 

P  p  p'  have 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


Shrkwo  Rcasoning. 


4U 

ii§rm  prefiimed  to  depart  from  the 
Athanafiaa  doftrinet  ftnd  adhere  to 
the  folemn  determination  ^f  the  £icred 
writeri, 

I  have  no  opportunity  of  confulting 
br,  Cudworth^sintclle&ual  fyftcro,  and 
fo  cannot  determine  what  hit  fenti- 
tnentt  were  relating  to  the  Trinity  s 
neither  do  ypu  fcem  quite  clear  upon 
the  point. 

As  for  Bi(hop  Berkehys   he  labours 
to  prove  that  the  old  philofophers  held 
a  Trinity  in  the  Godhead,  or  three  di- 
vine   Hypeftafes.      But    whether    he 
meant  the   common  Athanaiian  doc- 
trine, or  your  fenfe  of  it,  may  be  juft- 
]y  queftioned.     Certain  it  is,  that  he 
does   not  exprefs  his   notion  of  the 
Trinity  in  the  fame  terms  that  you 
do.    It  it  obfervable,    that  this  inge- 
nious Bi(hop  cites  no  texts  of  fcripture 
in  his  Siris  to  eftablifli  his  doArine } 
and  therefore  his  authority  is  of  no 
more  weight  to  determine  our  aifent 
to  an  hypothefis,   in  oppofition  to  a 
fcripture  do6b-ine,   than  his  plaufible 
reafonings  to  prove  that  this  fyftem 
of  matter  which  we  inhabit  has  no  ex- 
ternal exiftence,  in  oppofition  to  fen- 
fible  evidence )   fo  that,  according  to 
this  wild  notion,  all  that  beautiful  va- 
riety of  rivers,    trees,    meadows  and 
hills  which  we  behold,   and  even  th^ 
very  bodies  we  carry  about  us,   have, 
no  other  than  an  ideal  exiflence.    We 
may  learn  from  his  example,  what  ex- 
travagant notions  ingenious  men  are 
capable  of  maintaininfir,  and  even  fup- 
porting  with    plaufible  colours.    But 
if  we  call  in  the  ailiftance  of  common 
ienCe,  a  principle  too  much  neglected 
by  philofophers  and  divines,    we  may 
treat  with  contempt  all  fuch  metapby- 
fic;tl  abfurdities,    though  perhaps  we 
may  not  be  always  able  to  detect  the 
fallacy  of  ihem.    Let  it  be  carefully 
noted,    that  I  have  no  inclination  to 
detra^  from  the  chara6ter  of  this  wor- 
thy bifhop,  <  it  being  well  known  that 
he  was  zesdous  to  promote  the  tempo- 
ral as  Ivell  as  fpiritual  happinefs  of  his 
fellow    creatures.     The    good   bifhop 
had  amufed    himfelf  in  his  itudy  by 
force   of  fubtte  fpeculations   with   an 
imaginary  hypothefis  ;  but  in  common 
life  he  a6led  like  other  mortals,  as  if 
he  believed  the  reality  of  things  around 

him. 

With  rcfpr^  to  your  anfwer  to  my 
•i>iccirort,  that  if  the  atrributcs  good- 


Scpt 

ne(s,  wifdom,  itnd  power,  be  perfons, 
God  is  not  three  p«r(bns  only,  bm  as 
many  perfons  as  he  has  diftind  attri- 
butes i  you  srgue  thus  : 

**  The  divine  nature  being  immuta- 
ble, it  now  is  what  it  always  was  ;  God 
always  was  infinitely  good,    wife,  and 
powerful  i  but  if  by  merciful  be  meant 
any  thing  diftin^  from  thefe,    mercy 
feems  to  have  a  relative  exiftence,   and 
confequeetly  like  other  relations  can- 
not  be  without  it's  correlate.     God« 
for  inftance,    had    not  mercy  before 
there   exifted    beings    on    whom    he 
could  have  mercy. — Nor  was  God  om- 
niprefent  before  any  thing  was  made."* 
R^fly,      If  this  reafoning   has  any 
weight,  it  concludes  as  ftrongly  againi 
the  eternal  goodnefs  of  the  Deity,  as 
his  mercjr  and  juftice.    God,    accord- 
ine  to  this  notion,    could  not  be  laid 
to  oe  good  before  any  creatures  exifted, 
to  whom  he  could  communicate   his 
goodnefs.    You  feem  to  confound  the 
infinite  perfedlions  of  God,    aa  they 
exift  in  the  divine  nature,  with  the  ex- 
ternal  exercife  of  thein,    which  are 
really  diftin£^  conflderations.     Doubt- 
lefs  before  creatures  were  formed,  God 
could  not  exercife  any  a^s  of  good- 
nefs, juftice,  and  mercy:   But  £il  be 
was  pofleifed  of  thefe  amiable  perfec- 
tions from  all  eternity,   as  be  was  al- 
ways dif|>ofed  to  exercife  them  upon 
proper  objedls,  when  it  (hoold  be  agree- 
able to  his  infinite  wifdom  to  produce 
free  and  intelligent  creatures.     Neither 
ihould  you  deny  God^s  omniprefence 
before  any  thin^  was  made.     He  coukl 
not  indeed  be  laid  to  be  prefent  with 
creatures  before  they  exifted  $  but  ftiO 
he  was  pofleffed  of  fuch  an  adorable 
perfedtion    from  :  all    eternity,    from 
whence  his  actual  prefence  with  h'u 
creatures  would  neceflurily  take  place, 
when  they  (hould  exift.    Confequemlyt 
you  have  not  removed  the  obje^Hoo 
propofed  to  your  notion  of  the  Trinity, 
but  it  remains  in  its  full  force. 

As  to  the  number  of  texts,  whicb, 
according  to  my  repeated  declarations 
and  deep  convidion  ftill  continued,  en- 
tirely overthrow  the  Athanaiian  doc- 
trine^  you  obferve,  '*  that  it  would  be 
bold  in  any  one  to  oppofe  texts  before 
he  knows  the  precife  point  they  are 
brought  to  prove."  To  which  yoa 
add  the  following  queries.  «*  A;« 
thefe  texts  brought  to  prove  that  tbc 
Qodi^ead  doth  not  confift  of  three  ia- 

tellijenX 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


iy6S. 


telltgent  agents  ?  Or,  are  they  brougHt 
to  prove  that  the  wifdom  of  God  it  not 
eternal,  and  confe^uently,  that  God 
wat  not  always  wife?  Or  are  thev 
brought  to  prove  that  God  b  wik 
without  his  v/Udom  /*' 

Ah/.  I  humbly  prefume,  that  the 
precife  point  the  texts  produced  in  the 
Appeal  are  brought  to  prove,  is  ex- 
tremey  plain  to  any  common  under* 
ftanding.  Your  fir  ft  auery  is  clearly 
and  cffedually  anfwered  by  the  collec- 
tion of  texts  taken  notice  of  in  the 
London  Magazine  for  the  month  of 
Apri4,  viz.  that  the  one  fopreme  God 
is  the  Father  only,  and  not  Father. 
Son,  and  Holy  Ghoft,  according  to 
the  doctrine  of  the  Athanaiian  creed; 
and  confequently,  the  Godhead  doth 
not  confift  of  three  diHiiid  intelligent 
agents.  As  to  your  fecond  and  third 
queries,  I  never  produced  texts  to 
prove  anv  thing  fo  abfurd  and  felf- 
contradiaory ;  and  refer  any  anfwer 
to  yovrfelf,  who  roaint;iin  that  God 
was  not  eternally  merciful  ami  juft. 

I  am  aftonifhed  at  your  triumphant 
condufion,  as  if  thofe  peribns  whom 
you  call  Arians,  but  (hould  be  called 
Unitarian  Chriltians,  were  fo  ablolute- 
]y  baffled  in  point  of  argument,  that  a 
longer  continuance  in  their  fuppofed 
error  muft  b^  imfuted  to  the  infem/tbiUty 
gmd  impeuttrabihty  of  tbelr  beads.  You 
ftill  continue  to  make  confident  aiTer- 
tiont  without  the  leaft  colour  of  evi- 
dence. Be  aflured,  that  the  Unitarian 
caufe  ftandt  unfhaken  upon  the  firong 
foundation  of  Mofet  and  the  prophets, 
of  Chrift  and  his  apoftles ;  and  that  the 
Trinitarian  controvcrfy  has  been 
brought  to  a  finat  period,  as  the  moft 
learned  Athanafians  have  never  given 
a  dired  anfwer  to  the  main  arguments, 
on  which  the  caufe  depends. 
I  am,  Sir, 
Your  humble  fcrvant. 

7^/  Author  of  an  Appeal^  &€. 

AccouMt  of  a  Uti  iH/miJhH,  fr^  and  rmr, 

'with  Remarks, 
««  Q I N  C  E  the  death  of  lieutenant 
J5  governor  Fauquier  the  aflembly 
of  Virginia  has  preftnted  to  the  pre- 
fident  of  the  council  to  be  tranfmitted 
to  England  two  papen,  the  one  a  pe- 
tition to  the  king,  and  the  other  a  re' 
mnnftrance  to  the  parliament,  ia  which 
4be/  as  jfood  as  tell  tbe  latter,  not  to 


Account  of  a  late  DifmiffkM.  4S3 

trouble  their  heads  about  tkein»  for 
they  (hall  for  the  future  take  care  of 
tbemfelves.  When  tbcfe  very  extra- 
ordinary papers  were  received  by  tha 
f—y  of  ft-^,  he  laid  them  before  the 
other  fervants  of  the  c— -n,  who  all 


agreed,  it  was  hi^ly  expedient  thst  the 
eovernor  in  chief  of  that  province 
mould  refide  there.  This  refolutioo 
was  approved  of  by  the  k— — ,  and 
his  m— y  gave  dire^ont  to  the  f— y 

of  f e  to  fignify  it  to   Sir  Jcflfery 

Amherft ;  but  at  the  fame  time  not 
to  prefs  him  to  go  if  it  was  difagreeable 
to  him,  but  to  acquaint  him  that  the 
Jc_  would  make  up  to  him  the  emo- 
luments he  received  out  of  that  govern- 
ment in  another  way.  L— ^  H— 
accordingly  called  at  general  Amherft*a 
boufe,  but  being  told  he  was  in  the 
country,  he  wrote  to  him,  and  in 
terms  of  the  utmoft  politenefs  and  re- 
tard, acquainted  him  with  the  k— -*• 
intentions.  His  1  ■  p  told  him, 
that  however  the  k—  might  wifli  to 
avail  himfelf  of  bis  abilities  at  thU  time 
in  America,  yet  his  m— — y  did  not 
forget  that  the  government  of  Virgi- 
nia wat  given  to  him  as  a  reward  for 
the  great  fervices  he  has  done  his 
country  in  America,  and  that  there- 
fore his  orders  were,  not  to  preis  him 
to  refide  in  that  province  $  but  if  from 
any  reafon  he  didiked  going  thither, 
hit  m— »y  had  commanded  him  to 
inform  him  it  was  his  gracious  inten- 
tion to  make  good  to  him  the  emo- 
luments of  the  office  in  the  moft  am- 
ple manner.  Sir  Jeffcry  Amherft  camt 
to  town,  and  waited  on  1——  H— — , 
he  expreflcd  his  difinclination  to  go 
to  Virginia,  and  faid,  that  having 
been  commander  in  chief  in  Ameri- 
ca he  could  not  ferve  under  general 
Gage  as  governor  of  a  fingle  province. 
L— ->  H^-—  replied^  tha:  it  that  wat 
his'  only  objeaion,  he  thought  it 
might  eafily  be  anfwcrcd,  for  that  a 
governor  was  always  a  fuperior  per- 
ion  in  his  own  province,  and  that  hit 
office,  being  a  civil  one,  had  no  re- 
lation to  the  command  of  the  king*s 
troops.  However  as  his  orders  were 
not  to  prefs  Sir  Jeflfery  to  go,  and  ha 
found  n  was  difagreeable  to  him,  he 
bad  nothing  to  fay,  and  therefore 
only  begged  to  know  what  were  the 
emoluments  which  he  received  out  oC 
that  government,  that  he  might  ao 
P  p  p  a  quMt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


quaint 


Cafe  ^  Sir  Jefifery  Amherft. 


Sept. 


4u*iui   tlic  k— .    and  receive  his    it  was  highly  ncccflaiy  the  governof 
commandi  for  making  out  a  grant  for    of  Virginia  Ihould  rcfide  in  hit  pro- 


ftn  annuity  accordingly.  The  general 
iaid  fifteen  hundred  guineas  a  year,  but 
told  hisi — p,  that  by  an  annuity,  he 
hoped   he  did    not  mean   a  penfion. 

Yes,  replied  \ H — ,  I  do  mean  a 

penfion,  and  although  a  penfion  may 
carry  with  it  a  difagrccablc  idea,  when 
it  is  given  merely  for  the  fake  of  a 
penfion,  yet  when  it  is  given  as  a  re- 
ward for  fervices  done  the  public,  it 
becomes  a  mark  of  public  approbation, 

witnefs  1—  C m's  penlion,  which 

war  given  him  as  a  reward  fordircft- 
ing  thofc  fervices  you  foably  executed, 

witnefs  too  Sir  E  H his 

penfion  for  faving  Ireland,  and  why 
fiot  yours  for  adding  Canada  to  the 
Britrfh  dominions.  Bcfides,  is  not  your 
prefcnt  falary  a  penfion  out  of  the  re- 
venue of  Virginia,  and  where  can  be 
th^  difference  to  you,  whether  you  re- 
ceive it  out  of  the  four  and  half  p;r 
cent  duty  upon  fugar,  or  the  duty 
upon  tobacco  ?  but^  the  difference  will 
be  material. to  the  crown  and  the 
public,  for  that  fund  which  was  given 
for  the  fupport  of  a  governor  will  be 
properly  applied,  and  the  crown  and 
the  people  will  have  the  advantage  of 
the  governor  in  chief  of  the  province 
of  Virginia  icfiding  in  his  government. 
The  general  replied,  he  ihould  diflit:e 
a  penfion,  but  fa  id   he  mull  fubmit  to^ 

the  k 's  plcafure,  and  bowed   off. 

When  1—  H—  reported  what  had 
paflfed  to  the  k — ,  his  m— y  was 
moft  gracioufiy  pleafed  to  order  a 
grant  of  fifteen  hundred  guineas  a  year 
J re^  of  all  deJuBions  and  Jor  life^  to  be 
charged  on  the  four  and  half  per  cent 
for  the  ufc  of  Sir  Jcffery  Amhcrft  in 
confideration  of  his  great  fervices,  but 
bj-fore  the  grant  could  be  made  out. 
Sir  Jeffcry  fignified  his  intention  to  re- 
fign  his  regiments. 

H'he  Counter-  Story  is  as  follonvs  : 

IN  confequencc  of  the  diiagreeahle 
advices  lately  received  from  Virgi- 
nia, it  was  determined  by  the  Scot- 
tifh  thane  to  fend  thither  lord  B.  the 
lafl  of  his  friends  that  remained  un- 
provided for.  But,  to  prevent  this 
Itrong  mark  of  his  influence  from  be- 
ing difcovered  by   the  public  eye,    a 

c 1  c    '■         i  was  held,  in  vhich 

it  was  laid  tp  have  been  refolTcdi  tjiat 


vince.  This  refolution  anfwered  all 
purpofcs  at  once  :  it  difmiflcd  fir  J.  A, 
and  it  appointed  lord  B  j  for  fir  J.  A. 
was  the  only  perfon  in  England  who 
could  not  go  to  America  in  that  ca- 
pacity. He  had  been  con)manderiq 
chicf*^  there  j  therefore,  by  the  rules  of 
the  army,  and  confittent  with  hit  own 
chara6ter,  he  could  not  go  to  ferve 
under  general  Gage  (the  prefent  com- 
mander in  chief  there)  who  is  an  in- 
ferior officer,  and  who  had  ferved  un- 
der fir  J.  in  America.  When  the  c— I 
broke  up,  lord  H.  d1re£lly  wetit  to  fir 
J.  A's  to  acquaint  him  with  their  re- 
folution, but  was  informed  fir  J.  was 
in  the  country:  upon  which  lord  H.  . 
returned,  and  wrote  to  him.  Bpt  be- 
fore the  letter  was  delivered  at  fir  J's 
houfe  in  the  country,  he  was  fet  off  for 
Londpn  J  and  finding  that  lord  H.  had 
been  at  his  houfei  he  went  dire^ly  to 
his  lordfhip's. 

Lord  U.  after  reciting  fome  of  the 
above  particulars,  faid,  that  as  he  (fir 
J.  A.)  wai  lately  married,  he  poflibly 
might  not  chufe  to  go  to  America. 
Though  this  feemcd  like  fuggefting  tp 
fir  J.  a  reafon  for  refufing;  yet  the 
brave  and  worthy  officer,  whofe  amia- 
ble difpofition  and  gent^eman-likc  de- 
poi  tment  did  not  futfcr  him  to  reply  ia 
a  drain  bed  adapted  to  the  compli- 
ment, frankly  and  candidly  anfwered. 
That,  as  gencntl  Gage  (for  whom  he 
cxpreffed  a  very  great  regard,  and  of 
whofe  abilities  as  an  officer,  he  fpoke 
in  terms  of  the  higheft  veneratioiv)  was 
commander  in  chief  in  America,  he 
could  not  go  to  ferve  under  that  officer, 
who  was  not  only  inferior  to  him  in  bit 
rank  in  the  army,  but  had  fcrvcd  undey 
him  in  America,  That  if  the  aft'ain 
of  his  colony  required  his  going  to 
America,  he  hoped  the  matter  refpeft- 
ing  general  Gage  would  be  accommo- 
dated. Lord  H.  faid,  that  could  not 
be  'y  general  Gage  muft  remain  in  hit 
prefent  fituation :  but  added,  that  he 
fhould  not  prefs  him  (fir  J.  A.)  to  go; 
and  then  olfcred  him  a  penfion  of 
1500I.  per  annum,  as  an  equivalent 
for  his  government.  Sir  J.  A.  refu- 
(td  to  accept  the  ofi^er,  faying  the  p>- 
▼ernment  of  Virginia  was  given  him 
expre(sly  for  fervices  during  the  late 
war,  and  as  a  mark  of  the  royal  ap^ 
probatioil 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


MiKISTERlAU    j0CKn,YSHlT. 


probatidn  of  his  conduf^in  America  j 
that  when  it  was  given  him,  it  was 
confidered  as  a  finecure,  without  any 
rcquifition  of  rf  fidence,  which  was  n«- 
ver  thought  of  or  intended  at  the 
time;  fqr  that  the  bufincfs  and  whol^ 
government  pf  the  province  were-  to 
be  entirely  managed  hy'thc  lieutenant- 
governor.  Yet,  there  is  no  doubr  kat 
he  would  have  gone  upon  terms  .con* 
^ftent  with  Jbis.  honour,  a;id  his  rank 
in  the  arn^. 

They  parted.  A,nd  the  n^xt  news 
that  fir  J.  A.  received,  was,  that  lord 
B.  had  kiflfed  hands  for  his  govern- 
ment of  Virginia.  Upon  which  ^ir  J. 
who  received  this  account  in  tht  r  .  m- 
try,  by  a  letter  from  his  brother,  cnre 
again  to  town,  and  finding  it  io  be 
true,  he  refigned  his  two  re^irnents, 
vi2.  the  15th  and  the  6otU,  to  his 
M^—  at  St.  James's,  on  the  iSch  of 
/Vugult,  1768. 

Obfir*vaHons  m  theft  Accountr, 

FROM  comparing  thefe  two  ac- 
counts together,  the  truih  fcems 
to  be,  that  the  f— y  of:  f— c  >rd  not 
wiQi  general  Amherft  to  go  to  i  -meri- 
ca,  nojf^xpt^  that  he  would,  ^t^her- 
w^ft^lie  would  furely  have  offered  him 
tne  fiime  command  which  he  before 
had  there,  and  in  which  ftation  it  was 
that  he  had  rendered  his  country  thofe 
Ter vices  the  minifter  pretended  to  be  fo 
fenfible  of.  But  his  friend  and  brother 
k'-fman  being  a  little  cmharrafled  by 
his  conne6tions  with  the  W*«— y  com- 
pany, and  having  been  diiappointed  in 
getting  a  patent,  by  which  he  might 
have  transferred  the  lofs  upon  ignorant 
puxchafers  of  (hares,  he  thought,  by 
giving  Sfr  Jeffery  a  penfion  of  1 500 
guineas,  to  accommodate  his  friend 
with  an  income  of  near  4000,  and  a 
convenient  abfence  from  this  country. 
He  might  indeed  have  imagined  the 
general  would  hive  readily  made  the 
exchange,  having  found  his  fervices 
fo  long  (lighted,  and  no  attention  paid 
him  by  any  miniRer  fince  his  arrival 
in  England  :  and  now,,  that  his  former 
patron,,  the  great  duke  of  C— d  was 
dead,  and  1 — C m  become  incapa- 
ble, he  had  nothing  to  expert.  The 
TO  r  has  found  however  that  he 
Reckoned  without  his  hoft^    9nd  bis 


f?ilur^^  in  this  nunoctfvre,  is  but  a  bad 
fimptom  of  his  future  fuccefs  in  hi»^ 
new  ofiice ;  at  leafl  it  may  induce  hit. 
lordlhip  to  (hew  a  little  more  refpc^  to 
his  coJIeagueiy  and  not  venture  (6 
boldly,  as  it  is  faid  he  does,  upon  the 
moft  important  meafurcs,  witlio^c 
con/ulting  any  of  them. 

Thefe  obfervations  arc  dear  an4 
ftrongj  not  to  fay  any  thing  of  the  in- 
fiilt  that  is  offered  the  army  through 
Sir  J.  A.  the  contempt,  nay  evca 
atiufe,  with  which  merit  and  long  fisr- 
vice  are  treated  ;  all  which  are  lo  ob* 
vious  as  to  lirike  every  individual  of 
the  public  with  amazement  j  who  may 
now  fee  what  encouragement  is  meant 
to  be  held  out,  in  cafe  of  another  war; 
v'hat  rewards;  the  ftridteft.fidtlity an4 
innumerable  hard  (hips  are  likely  of  re« 
ceiving  at  home, 

^ff  the  AUTHOR  ef   the   LONDO!C 
MAGAZINE, 
SIR, 

AS  I  have  long  been  a  conftant 
taker  in  of  the  London  Maga- 
zine from  its  beginning  j  I  take  the  li- 
berty to  recommend  a  very  ingenioui 
calculation,  from  a  learned  and  deep 
mathematician,  of  the  harved  moon, 
now  near  at  hand  about  the  8th  of 
next  Month  September,  and  hope 
it  will  be  in  time  to  infcrt  it  in  your 
Magazine  ibr  Auguft,  as  it  may  well 
amufe  your  mathematical  correfpon- 
dents,  and  convince  them  how  erro- 
neous fome  modern  calculators  have 
been  in  attempting  to  folve  that  phos^ 
nomenon  of  the  harveft  moon,  which 
is  fo  wifely  ordained  by  providence  to 
be  of  peculiar  fervice  to  the  induf- 
trious  hufbandman,  for  his  more  com- 
modioufiy  taking  in  the  products  of 
the  earth,  the  fruits  of  bis  labours:  A 
(lupendous  inilange  this,  of  the  great 
crcator*s  care  in  allotic^  him  an  extra- 
ordinary (hare  of  light  at  this  feafon  to 
accompli/h  the  end  of  his  toils,  for 
which  it  is  incumbent  on  him,  as 
well  as  all,  to  be  truly  grateful  and  fin- 
cerejy  thankful  to  him  for  fuch  his 
bleflTmgs  and  fruufuLfeaforts,  to  the 
prefervation  and  geneial  benefit  of 
mankind.  I  am, 
Winchefter^  Your's,. 

Aug.  31,    1767,        J.  J.  WlCCAMICUl, 


EXPLANATION. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4S6 


Hsrveft-Moon  explained* 

EXPLANATION, 


5Cpt« 


IF  we  cirefuUy  confider  the 
place  and  circumftancet  of  the 
moon  about  the  autumnal  equi- 
nox, we  iball  foon  find  that  the 
phsnomena,  of  what  it  called  tl^e 
Harveft  Moon,   muft  depend  on  ^ 
thefollowin^pardculans  i  ft.  The  Jp- 
£tuatk)n  or  her  nodea.    a.  The  I^J 
fmallnefs  of  the  angle  which  thatjf 
part  of  her  orbit  makes  at  that 
time    with    the  horizon.     And 
laftly,  her  being  in  the  afcendsngor 
north  latitude,  which  Aill  dimi* 
nifliet^  aforefaid  angle. 

Now  to  give  the  nMX>n  all  the 
advantage  that  may  be,  and  reduce 
the  prefent  phatnomenon  to  a  caU 
cul^u,  let  FP  be  the  ttro  polet,  MO 
the  equator,  the  points  £  and  C  two 
points  of  the  ecliptic,  LO  the  moon*s 
orbit,  and  HH  the  horizon. 

Moreover,  let  PDM,  PEH,  be  two 
meridians }  one  pafling  through  D,  tho 
inoon*s  place  in  her  orbit,  and  the  other 
through  £,  the  point  of  the  horizon, 
upon  which  the  fun  rifes  for  that  day. 
Suppofinf^  then  the  nodes  to  be  in  the 
equmo&ial  points,  and  the  latitude  of 
the  moon*s  orbit  to  be  5*  18',  then  the 
angle  DRMziaS*  48^  the  angle 
ERMrrjJ"  30'  (the  latitude  of  the 
place  being  51*  joO  and  the  angle 
£RD=9*  4a' t  Now,  allowing  die 
moon  to  move  every  day  ij*  19'  im 
eofrfequfHtia,  then  in  the  triangle 
DRM  we  have  the  fide  RD:=i  j*  19', 


the  angle  DRM  as  before,  and  the 
ri^ht  angle  at  Mj  whence,  by  fpherical 
trigotiometry,  will  be  found  RM=r 
11*  W^",  ]>M  (=  EH  becanfe  BE 
is  parallel  to  HM)  =r  6»  i»'  13'^  and 
again,  in  the  triangle  ERH,  we  have  the 
fide  EH  juft  now  found,  the  angle 
ERH  as  before,  and  the  right  angle 
at  H,  whence  may  be  found  RH 
=  8*  4' 6"}  and  therefore  RM^RH, 
or  HM,  which  is  the  meafure  of  the 
hour.angle  HPM,  will  be  3^  38'  58", 
which  converted  into  time  is  fomewhzt 
more  than  fourteen  minutes  and  a  half; 
and  this  (all  advantages  of  the  place 
of  her  nodes,  latitude,  &c.  allowed) 
is  the  leaft  difference  that  can  be  in 
the  moon*s  rifing,  in  our  latitude  of 
51*  30'. 


Sohttian  to  Mr.  Baxter*/  S^JHoh^  p,  35a 

LE  T  AB  and  DF  be  the  towers  j 
join  A  and  F  with  a  right  line, 
and  draw  FH  parallel  to  BD{  produce 
CE  to  I,  and  on  the  middle  of  AF, 
ere6t  the  perpendicular  IG,  and  G 
will  be  the  point  where  the  ladder 
muft  ftand.  Now  in  the  triangle  HAF 
is  given  AH  and  HF,  to  find  the  angle 
AFH  =  9*  5x'=  z.  EIO}  whence 
Z.  lOE  =  8o*  8',  and  OE  =  34,  7856, 
Put  DE  =  tf  =  115,  CE  =  ^  =  100, 
DO  zid:=i  149,  7856,  /  =2  fine  < 
lOE  zz,  ,9^51091,  c  =  cofine  rz, 
171 356,  artd  X  =  OGj  then  i  «  x  :; 
s%sx  zz  GN,  and  \\x  \\c\cxzz  NO \ 
therefore  <^  +  r;r  =  DN,  and  i«  —  d 
•-  r;r  =  BN  J  and  by  the  property  of 
the  eltipfis,  a^  \  b^  \\  i  -^  ex  y,  %a 
—J—  ex  :  /*;r*,  that  is,  tf*/*;r'  =r  tadbl^ 
+  zb^acx  —  b'd'-  m^  tdb^cx  —  b-c^x*, 

whence 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Soliaitn  of  a  ^g^ttih 


Ail 


whence  «»/«Jt*  +^r*x4+  %4i^ac  —  %kHux  =  %adif^^M^  Let  *^^— '*^  — 

r  =  9.0793»  then  **  +  r*  =  _j~jj-;,  therefore  *  =^/^ 

—  =  91,1266,  and  the  length  of  the  ladder  1=  316,5333 

a 


W.W.R. 


dctnmt  rf  tbi  Convint  of  La  Trappe, 
in  Normandv*  ly  a  dmiUm^M  'wb$ 
bos  iatffy  'vi/ued  !/• 

TH  £  convent  pf  La  Tra^t,  iituRted 
about  ten,  or  twelve  miles  from 
St.  Mairan  in  Normandy,  was  founded 
about  600  years  ago  by  the  Count  Retou, 
agreeable  to  a  tow  he  made  in  a  ftorm  at 
ica,  if  God  would  preferve  hit  life.  In 
this  convent  there  are  about  lao  men, 
foefidet  the  Abbe,  fixty  of  whom  arc 
fathers,  and  fixty  brothers.  The  fathers 
are  cloathed  in  white  woolen  cloth,  with 
a  hood  and  cow],  their  ftockens  of  the 
iame,  and  while  within  doors  I  obferved 
they  wore  leather  Ihoet,  tho*  in  thdr 
«ut  doors  bufinefs  the  Abbe,  and  all  had 
wooden  ones.  The  brothers  were  cloath- 
ed in  a  drefs  of  the  faiae  form,  but  made 
of  a  coarfe  brown  cloth  refembling  that 
•f  the  Recollets :  None  of  them  wear 
linnen,  yet  are,  notwithftanding,  very 
clean,  tho'  they  Ihaye  their  beards  but 
once  a  month. 

Their  diet  from  the  \zk  day  of  Lent 
to  the  14th  of  September  is  bread,  vege* 
tables,  milk,  fmall  beer,  and  water,  and 
from  the  14th  of  September  (when  their 
Lent  commences)  to  Eafter,  they  live 
chiefly  on  bread  and  water,  except  that 
ibroe  vegetables  are  allowed  at  dinner, 
but  their  fupper  is  only  two  ounces  of 
bread,  and  a  cup  of  water:  Notwith- 
ftanding which  they  do  not  look  quite  fo 
meagre  as  I  fliould  have  expefled. 

They  rife  every  morning  cxaftly  at  two 
^"dock,  and  continue  at  their  devotions 
t^U  four;  dine  at  eleven  (which  it  their 
firi(  meal)  eat  a  very  moderate  fupper 
about  five,  and  go  to  their  bed  of  ftraw 
at  eight. 

This  order  never  fpeak  but  at  Confef- 
iion>  2nd  then  only  to  the  Abbe  who  con- 
fei&s  them  all ;  he  is  one  of  three  who 
are  allowed  to  fpeak,  the  other  two  are  a 
father,  and  a  b: other.  Thefe  two  are 
appointed  to  receive  and  accommodate 
(l^rangcrs  5  the  A'^bc  converl'es  with  none 
of  the  community  but  thefe  two  (except 
at  confeflion)  and  that  only  to  give  the 
oecefTiry  orders  ;  for  when  he  gJ^es  di- 
fc^oijs  to  the  otlwrs  h:  do.s  it  by  Hgos  \ 


as  for  inftance,  the  day  we  arrived,  the 
ftablet  and  cow-bou(e$  wanted  cleaning  | 
he  did  nothing  more  than  take  his  di«ns« 
fork  and  pointed  to  as  manv  of  the  monki 
as  were  necefTury  for  that  (ervice,  and  be- 
gan the  work  himfelf,  which  ferved  asa  di* 
re^Uon  to  the  reft.  Their  food,  which  is 
chiefly  of  their  own  raifing,  having  no  orhctf 
affiftance  than  what  regards  their  huihan* 
dry,  which  you  may  fuppofe  gentlemen  and 
Crholars  (for  fuch  they  all  are),  are  not 
fufficiently  qmalified  to  undertake  with 
fuccefs. 

It  hat  been  faid  that  they  dig  their  own 
graves,  the  truth  of  which  I  forgot  to  en* 
quire  into  {  but  I  went  into  the  church 
yard,  and  faw  no  preparation  of  that 
kind  ;  fo  that  this  report  mull  be  either 
falfe,  or  none  of  thofe  reverend  gentle* 
men  expelled  foon  to  die.  I  obferved  a 
handfome  tomb  of  one  of  their  abbess 
who  died  about  115  years  ago,  whom 
they  call  their  reformer.  This  abbe  find- 
ing, on  his  being  chofen  their  chief,  that 
they  had  much  deviated  from  the  original 
fules  of  their  order,  obliged  them  to  con- 
form to  the  firft  inftitution,  which  they 
have  ever  fioce  fubmitted  to. 

This  order  is  not  aUowed^  but  only 
prrmittedt  both  by  the  pope  and  the  king 
of  France.  It  is  generally  thought  that 
they  are  very  rich,  but,  upon  the  ftri^left 
enquiry  I  could  make,  I  don^t  find  that 
their  annual  revenues  exceed  lOjOoo  iivres 
(which  is  about  8^oi.  fterling)  and  till 
this  king^s  reign,  who  allows  them  400a 
Iivres  per  OJtnum,  it  was  no  more  than 
16,000  Iivres,  which  was  the  original 
endowment  of  the  Count  Retou,  and 
confifts  chiefly  in  foreft  lands  in  the  midft 
of  which  the  convent  »s  built,  without 
any  houfe  or  inhabitant  near  it,  except 
a  fraall  inn  for  the  convenience  of  Aran- 
gtrs.  And  here  I  cannot  omit  remark- 
ing that  in  the  month  of  June  la(l,  the 
neighbouring  towns  and  villages  were 
fully  employed  in  hunting  a  (he- wolf 
whole  chief  refidence  was  in  this  forefl. 
She  had  within  the  cour(e  of  fix  jveeks 
deflroyed  no  lefs  rhan  thirty>two  horfes, 
by  fcizing  on  th-m  by  the  throat 
while  aHeep  and  fuckir  g  thtir  Mood. 
This  woii   had  fix  young  on?s,  five  of 

which 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ VL 


'4^8  Convent  of 

which  ffiejr  had  <!cftr©y«d ;-  yet,  not«rith- 
Ibndiiig  the  bell  horics  and  dogs  were  em- 
ployed in  Ihe  puiiuit  from  morning  tfU 
.  ntght-y  (he  was  too  himblefor  them,  tho' 
file  ail  the  day  tafried'her  remainino^  cub, 
which  wis  near  as  big  as  heifcH,  in  her 
mouth.  It  was  wiih  great  diffioUty, 
tho*^  in  the  midit  of  fummer,  and  wiih 
f  hiee  hoifes  to  my  chaiCe,  that  in  four  or 
live  hobi's  I  got  from  St.  Mi\v  v\  to 
JLa  Tr.ippc.  My  friend  and  I  arrived 
there  in  ihe  afcerhoon.  Tlie  ouiward 
gate  bting  opened,  we  rung  at  the  door 
of  the  convfnt,  on  which  a  biotlierpeep- 
td  thio''  a  fmall  grate,  and  nnmediately 
opened  the  door;  with  a  large  crofs  in 
his  hand,  hebow^ddown  and  IcifieJ  our 
feet.  I  tcid  him  I  had  taken  the  liber- 
ty of  to'nJng  thtrc'that  Imiglit  be  a  wir- 
nefs  of  their  pious  and  auil^re  manner  of 
life:  He  bid  us  welcome  with  the  blcfTi.ig 
bf  p^ace;^,  defning  us  to  follow  him, 
which  wc  did  tliro'  a  long  entry  Uiat  led 
\isto  a  fmal!  daikchapef,  where  he  pre- 
fented  us  with  the  holy  water,  then  kneti- 
jng  down  with  him  before  the  altar,  he 
faid  a  (hort  prayer.  1  muft  obf-rve  that 
here  we  were  excufed  one  uitcc  of  ccie- 
Biony  ufually  (hewn  to  iirangcrs,  viz. 
before  going  into  the  chapel,  they  gene- 
rally take  the  vihtor  into  a  ropm,  and 
read  him  a  chapter  in  Thomas  a  Kem- 
pis.  Fioui  the  chapel  he  cciu!u«5lcd  us 
into  a  room  in  which  were  two  or  ihiee 
Grangers,  orie  of  whom  had  the  habit  of 
a  clergyman,  and  v. ho,  I  afterwards 
found,  came  there  with  an  intention  of 
feeing  a  novice  j  he  appeared  to  be  about 
twenty- tight  or  thirty  years  of  agej  he 
had  been  there  two'ni(;hts,  and  tliat 
evening  came  to  a  rcfplution  of  not  con« 
tinuing,  fciaring  the  aufterity  of  the 
order  was  more  than  he  could  bear. 
Hitherto  we  had  only  feen  a  brother, 
who  going  out  of  the  room  left  us  for  a 
few  minutefi,  and  in  his  Aead  a  father 
of  the  order  came  in,  and  very  politely 
addrefled  himfelf  to  us,  and  rook  me 
and  my  friend,  with  another  Englifli- 
man  whofe  curiofity  had  M  him  there, 
into  an  adjoining  room.  This  faihci, 
I  found,  was  a  man  of  noble  family, 
perfefily  well  bred,  of  a  plcafwig  afpca, 
and  genteel  appearance,  and  as  1  judged 
about  forty- eight  years  of  age.  He 
at  firll  talked  but  little  to  me,  bur  after 
having  tor  feme  time  furveyed  me  with 
the  mofl  penetrating  eyes  1  ever  beheld, 
addrriltd  me  more  pariiculaily,  alked 
mc  mnn^  queilions,  and  fuch  in  regard 


La  Tfap^ 


S*pe. 


to  public  nevirs  as  (hewed  hil  entire  igno- 
rance of  what  was  pafling  in  the  world. 
Atter  fome  time  fpent  in  conver(ation  I 
loM  him  as  Ilicard  there  v^s  to  be  a 
Jcclure  at  feven  o'clock,  I  would,  with 
Ins  permiifion  attend  itj  he  aniwere4 
be  would  waitupon  ms  at  that  hour. 

I  fpent  the  atternoon  in  furyeying  the 
buildings  and  its  environs.  The  out- 
houfes  ccnfift  of  barns,  ilables,  cow- 
houfes,  daily,  granary,  mHI,  bake-houfe, 
and  brcw-houfe.  A»to  the  convent  itlelf, 
it  i?  a  mean  building,  the  church  plain 
ind  neat,  and  refembles  our  choin;  the 
library  pleafcd  me  better  than  any  other 
part  of  the  building.  There  were  fome 
l)onraits  of  the  founder  of  the  order,  the 
ref  oruier,  two  or  three  of  the  popes,  and 
James  the  fecond  of  England,  who  had 
Itaid  with  them  fome  time. 

At  it\in  o^cIock  we  all  went  to  the 
Itfture,  which  was  read  in  the  cloifter  by 
one  ot  the  fathers,  out  of  Thomas  a  Kem- 
pis,  which  lafted  about  half  an  hour,  all 
the  fathers  and  brothers  attending.  Thefe 
cloillers  feem  to  be  more  than  ordinarily 
facred,  great  care  being  taken  that  th«f 
are  not  iri  the  lead  denied,  a  box  wit^ 
fand  bein^;  placed  upon  the  floor  before 
every  two  or  three  perfons,  to  fpit  into  if 
they  have  occafion..  I  took  particular  no- 
tice of  the  fandified  behaviour  of  thefe 
reverend  fathers  and  brotbers,  whilft  in 
the  cloiller,  ainonglt  whom  I  thought  I 
could  djftinguifli  two  of  my  old  acquain- 
tance father  Hilary^  and  his  colleague 
brother  Ambrofc  j  for  whofe  charaOers  I 
am  indebted  loMonfeurLe  Sage.  In  this 
cioillcr  neither  father,  brother,  nor  Gran- 
ger, ib  ever  peimitted  to  fpeak,  nor  is  the 
voice  of  any  one  heard,  except  that  of 
the  father  who  reads  the  lefture.  This 
duty  being  ended,  we  retired  into  the 
f.^me  room  we  had  left,  and  about  eight 
o'clock  were  called  to  fuppcr,  where 
the  young  pried  was  not  permitted  to 
join  us,  he  having  that  evening  figni- 
fied  his  .intention  not  to  contuiue  his 
noviciatcHiip ;  and  here  I  mud  remark 
that  there  was  no  other  novice  in  the  con- 
vent. 

Our  collation  confiftcd  of  fried  cgg8,fal- 
lad,  beans,  butter,  cheefe,  and  a  kind 
of  hafty  pudding  J  our  defert  was  pears, 
currants,  which,  with  the  eggs,  butter, 
and  cheefe,  were  extra's  on  our  ac- 
count. The  reverend  father  tending  I 
could  not  drink  their  four  fmall  beer, 
preiented  me  with  a  bottle  of  cyder, 
of  their  own  makirg>  ahno^  ;^s  (bur 
^  aft 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ij68.  Eclipfes  of  I 

as  the  beer,  no  wine  being  allowed  to  be 
'brought  into  the  convent. — During  this 
repaft,  thM  nob(e  father  did  me  the  ho- 
nour to  ftand  kt  rhe  back  of  my 
chair,  whiift  ^he  brother  hanc^ed  to  us 
what  we  wanted.  At  nine  I  was  coni> 
'dueled  to  a  good  bedchamber,  where  I 
llept  very  ConnortabJy  fill  two  o^cIock  in 
the  mornin?/  when  the  bell  rung  for 
prayers}  and  as  t  was  willing  to  fee  as 
much  of  theif  ceremonies  as  po/Hble,  dur- 
ing my  (hbrt  (lay,  I  arofe  and  went  to 
church,  and  ftaid  there  till  four  :  Then 
converfed  with  the  brother,  paid  another 
vifit  to  the  library,  obtained  feme  brown 
bread  and  milk  for  my  breakfaft,  and 
took  a  furvey  of  abour  a  dozen  of  the 
i-everend  fathers  and  brothers  at  the  cop- 
per, warning  their  habits,  where  I  ob- 
lerved  a  fet  of  the  moft  dejeAcdtcounte- 
nances  I  ever  beheld.  My  curiofity  be- 
ing  now  fatisfied,  and  my  noviciateAiip 
at  an  end,  #e  exchanged  blellings,  and* 
between  fix  and  feven  o^cFock  my  friend 
and  I  continued  our  journey. 

^0  tie   AUTHOR    o/*/4*  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

ALTHO*  the  iqde/at^able  M^.  Chapman  . 
hat  favpqred  Jhc.  pubilc  ^ich  a  Tery 
extenfive  table  of  folar  eclipfet  in  the  Oeot. 
Diary,  yet  I  am  indnce4.to  f^d  you  my  com* 

Sutatton  1>f  the  next  vifible  one  from  the 
Durham  tablet. '  For.  I  prefurae  your  a^rono-^ 
mical  rea<lbrs  muft  dbubt  the  authority  of 
Mr.  Chapman**,  fipce  he  mentioos  not  the 
tables  he  computed  by,  nor  even  the  meridian 
^ad   latitude  to  which   hit   caI<fulationS  are 

Juns  4,    Mom, 
Sua  rifet  ceotraily  cciipfed  -* 


769,  eulculatedi 


489 


Ccntratly  ceUpiiBd  2n  the  meridiaa 


tl^*tL  fets  ceiitrtHy  ccHpfed         m 
Pujracton  0f  the  ceatral  edipfc       ^ 
Sept.  1768.' 


adapted  ;  whereby  the  cnrloai  are  Ofijoftlf 
prevented  from  eiaminiog  them  i  Far  this 
gentleman  hat  not  at  yet  giwn  the  wot  Id  any 
(eftimony  ,of  his  abiliciet  in  the  aAraJ  fcience* 
that  is  fufiicient  to  induce  them  to  a  favour* 
able  ppinion.of  hit  mighty  labourt. 
I  %m,  Sitf 

Your  (;,onftant  reader^ 
.    Hitchin^  And  humble  fervant^ 

March  5,  1768.  RoBxar  LAKOLxr* 

June  4>  1769,  in   the  Muratng,  tie  Smh  vuU 
64  ec/iffed  i»  n  ^3**  51'. 
H.  M.    S. 


Beginning 
Middle 
Viable  ^ 
End 
Duration 


>9  1 

3z    /  At  the  Royal 
13    (  Obfer¥atory 'at 
10    I  Oreenwich^ap. 
51    \  parent  tim«. 
Digitt  edipfed  b^"  it' ,%%'f  J 

Type  for  the  Middk. 


28 
29 

»3 
45. 


The  prmcipal  appearancet  of  thit  folar 
ediprc,  are  at  exhibited  in  the  following  ta- 
ble, containing  the  liUtude  and  longitude 
from  Greenwich,  of  all  thofe  placet  on  the 
globe  where  the  center  pf  the  penumbra  is, 
Kb  every  five  miouttt  of  duration  of  the  cen- 
tral ecltpfe. 


HM.^. 

Lat.K. 

7  47  15 

&i 

7  5*  15 

7  57 ''5 

69  II 

8  2  ,5 

72  40 

8  7  »5 

75  47 

8  12  15 

78  40 

8  ,7  ,5 

81  24 

8  22'  15 

84   0 
86  23 

8  27  15 

5  3»  3» 

88  10 

8  3j  23 
8  3^  23 

87  53 

86  20 

!  4|  *3 

83  s» 

84823 

81  10 

8  53  13 

78  16 

85823 

75   6 

9  1  .a3 
9  8  23 

71  34 

67  14 

9  '3  »3 

S»   4 

I  16  8 

Long. 

64'  57^W, 

50    55 
16 

58 
7 

»4 
J9 

21 

52  £. 
3 

9 
30 

4 
39 
40 

30 
4 
18 


45 
40 

3^ 
31 
*5 
17 
o 

51 

75 

"3 

129 

138 

H3 
148 

153 
»S9 

»73 


^.iq 


RsMAtCa 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


PoTtCAL  Essays  in  Septembsr,  1768. 


49<y 

RiMAiK.— — The  ctDter  of  the  loair 
petoumbn  firil  of  a!l  enters  the  globe  ia  New 
Britiin,  wheie  tht  fun  rifei  centrtlly  and  to- 
tally ecJipfed,  and,  porfuing  a  BOitb  taftcrly 
dirediony  leaves  that  place  near  Button's 
Ifland,  at  the  entrance  of  Hodfon's  Straits^ 
paffiog  over  Davis's  Straits,  Greenland,  and 
the  unknown  parts  aboot  the  North- Pole  { 
it  then  takes  a  footbeafteriy  courfe,  paflT- 
ing  over  the  Icey  Sea,  and  the  norch-eall 
part  of  Great  Tartary,  near  St.  Lawrence's 
Ifland,  and  inters  the  Pacific  Ocean,  where 
the  fun  it  ceoually  and  totally  eclipfed  at 
letting. 

It  may  here  be  obferved,  that  not  many 
boors  before  this  eclipfe  happens,  there  will 
be  a  very  remarkable  tranfit  of  the  planet 
Venus  over  the  fun )  ending  about  lour  hours 
and  three  quartera  before  the  eclipfe  begins. 
The  tranfit  begins  the  preceding  evening  about 
twenty  minutes  after  feven,  and  the  fun  not 
letting  ^11  about  ten  minntcs  paft  eight, 
provea  that  part  of  it  will  be  confptcoous  here. 
I  (hall  fend  yon  a  compotatioo  theitof  very 
Ihortly:  and  alfo  a  true  delineation  of  the 
apparent  curvilineal  path  of  Venue  on  the  dn^ 
lar  diflc.  It  was  poTitively  affirmed  by  a  certain 
author,  that  it  would  be  a  ftraight  line  in  the 
laft  tranfit  i  but  it  really  wu  a  curve  (fimllar 
to  my  type)  and  concave  toward  the  fun*t 


center ;  as  feveral  geotkeBcn,  who  ddtfead) 
obferved  the  tranfit^  can  teftxfy, 
December  m,  1769,  re  ih»  Mttmmgr,  tig  Mm 
wilU  tcllffed  h  n  »i*  37 '• 
h«  m«    f. 


Beginning 
Middle 
Ecliptic  Opp, 
End 


6    SI 

6  27 

7  4« 


30] 

57    LAtl.oodoa,% 
^      .  '     -^^    59    I   patent  dik. 

Duration  %    4^     5S     I 

Digits  edipred  8*  57'    ^^^ 


B*r%^i 


At  the  middle  the  moon  will  be  ocrticil  v 
lat«  !!•  3s'4S"N.  «wl  kmg.  95*  «x'  30" 
W.  from  London,  near  Cape  Copdeccda,  ia 
the  golf  of  Mexico.  R.  LAxrctiT. 


POETICAL    ESSAYS. 


THE   CIT'S  COUNTRY.BOX,  1757. 

By  Robert  Lloto,  A.M. 

Vutafen  &  filot  aio  bene  wVcre,  yvorfrai, 
Conjficitur  nitidnfundats  pecuma  'mJItt,  Hor. 

TH  £  wealthy  cit  grown  old  in  trade* 
Now  wiihes  for  the  rora)  ihade. 
And  buckles  to  his  one  horfe  chair. 
Old  Dobbin,  or  the  founder'd  marei 
While  wedg'd  in  clofely  by  his  fide^ 
Sits  madam,  his  unweildly  bride, 
With  Jacky  on  a  flool  before  'cin. 
And  out  they  jog  in  due  decorum. 
Scarce  paft  the  turnpike  half  a  mile. 
How  all  the  country  fecms  to  fmile! 
And  u  they  flowly  jog  together. 
The  cit  commends  the  toad  and  weather  $ 
While  madam  doats  upoo  the  trees. 
And  longs  for  every  houfe  ihe  fett. 
Admires  its  views,  its  fitnation. 
And  thus  (he  opens  her  oration. 

What  fignify  the  loads  of  wealth. 
Without  that  richell  jewel,  health  f 
Excufe  the  foodoefs  of  a  m  ife. 
Who  doats  upon  your  precious  life  ! 
Such  ceafelefs  roil,  fuch  conftant  cate^ 
Is  more  than  human  flreogth  can  bear. 
One  ni<<y  obferve  it  in  your  face^ 
Indeed,  my  dear,  you  break  apace  t 
•  3 


And  nothing  can  your  heahb  rcpatry 
But  exeiciiie,  and  country  air. 
Sir  Traffic  hu  a  houfe,  you  know. 
About  a  mile  from  Cheney.  Row  : 
He*s  a  good  man,  indeed  'tis  true. 
But  not  fo  warm,  my  dear  at  yous 
And  folks  are  always  apt  to  6ieer-» 
One  would  not  be  out.  done,  my  dear  ! 

Sir  Traffic's  name  fo  well  apply *d 
Awak'd  his  brother  merchant's  pride  | 
And  Thrifty,  who  had  all  his  life 
Paid  utmoft  deference  to  his  wife, 
Confefs'd  her  at guments  had  realiMi, 
And  by  th'  apprpaching  fommer  lealb^ 
Draws  a  few  hundreda  from  the  ftocka. 
And  purchafes  his  country  bos. 

Some  three  or  four  mile  out  of  town, 
(An  horn's  ride  will  bring  you  down) 
He  fixes  on  his  choice  abode. 
Not  half  a  fuilong  from  the  road  t 
And  (b  convenient  doea  it  lay. 
The  ftsges  pafs  it  ev'ry  day  s 
And  then  fo  fnug  (b  mighty  pretty. 
To  have  an  houfe  fo  near  the  dty  f 
Take  bat  your  places  at  the  Boar 
You're  fet  down  at  the  very  door. 

Well  then,  fiipfMfe  them  fiz'd  atlaft,' 
White-wafhing,  painting,  fcmbUng  paft^ 
Hugging  tbem&lves  in  ea/c  and  clover, 
IVich  all  the  fuft  of  moving  over  j 


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Poetical  Essays  in  Sbptimber,   1768.        491 

And  there,  witboot  the  pow*r  to  fljr» 
Stands  IU*<i  a  tip-to*  Mercury. 


Lo  •  sew  heap  of  whims  are  bred  \ 
\nd  WAotoo  in  my  lady's  head. 

Well  to  be  fare,  it  muft  be  own*dy 
t  la  a  icl^rmiag  fpot  of  ground  j 
\o  fweet  a  diftance  for  a  ride, 
%nd  all  about  fo  coOotrified  I 
Twou|d  come  to  but  a  trifling  pricf 
To  make  it  quite  a  paradife; 

cgnnot  bear  thofc  oafty  rails, 
fhofe  ugly  broken  mouldy  pales  t 
tuppofe,  my  dear,  inftead  of  tl^efei 
Ve  build  a  railing,  all  Chinefc^ 
llchough  one  hates  to  be  cxpos*d, 
Tis  difmal  to  be  thus  incloa*d  | 
)ne  hardly  any  objed  fees-* 

wi(h  you'd  fell  thofe  odious  treetr 
>bjeds  cootinoal  pafiiog  by 
Vcre  ibmething  to  amule  Che  eyOf 
Blot  to  be  peat  within  the  walls— 
>ne  might  as  well  be  at  St.  PauPtf 
)isr  houle  beholders  would  adorei 
Wm  there  a  level  laws  before, 
•Nothing  its  Tiews  to  incommode^ 
lut  qaite  laid  open  to  the  road  j 
MFhile  ev'ry  traYcller  in  amase, 
ihould  on  oor  litUe  man6oA  gazet 
\nd  pointing  to  the  choice  retreat, 
^ry,  thai*8  Sir  Thrifty*s  country  (uU 

No  doubt  her  arguments  prevail, 
'or  madam's  tastx  qin  ncTor  fail* 

Bl^ft  age !  when  all  men  may  prooort 
The  ttUe  of  a  coonoiflfeor , 
^en  noble  and  ignoble  herd 
\re  govcrn'd  by  a  fingle  word  | 
rboogh,  like  the  royal  German  damei, 
(t  bears  an  huadred  Chriilian  names  } 
As  Genius,  Fancy,  Judgment,  GoOt, 
Whim,  Caprice,'  Je*ne-fcaiquoi,  VirtA: 
Vhich  appellations  all  defcribe 
Tastb,  and  the  modern  tafteful  tribe. 

Now  bricklayers,  carpenters,  and  joiners, 
ATith  Ch'nefc  artifls,  and  de0gner(, 
'rodnce  their  fchemes  of  alteration, 
fo  work  this  wood'rous  reformation. 
The  ofefol  dome,  which  fecret  ftoody 
Smbofqm'd  in  the  yew-tree's  wood, 
rho  traveler  with  amaaement  fees 
K  temple,  Gothic,  or  Chinefe, 
l^iih  many  a  bell,  and  Uwdry  rag  on, 
lind  creftcxi  with  a  f^rawUng  dragpn  j; 
A.  wooden  arch  is  bent  aftride 
h  ditch  of  water,  four  foot  wide, 
MTith  angles,  curvet,  and  etgeag  lines^ 
rrom  Halfpenny's  cza^  defigns. 
kn  front,  a  level  lawn  ta  feen, 
iVkhouta  ihrub  upon  the  green, 
liVbere  tafte  would  want  its  firft  great  law^ 
lut  for  the  fltulking,  ily  ha-ha, 
ly  whoic  miracok>us  aflirtance. 
If 01^  gain  aprofped  two  fields  difbmce. 
%rid  noar  CroiQ  Hyde- Park  Comer  comt 
The  gods  of  AthenSi^  and  of  Rome, 
^ere  fqaabby  Cupids  take  their  places, 
iVith  Venus,  and  the  clumfey  graces  i. 
Apollo  there,  with  aim  fo  cleves, 
itreithes  hit  leadea  bow  for  cfcr| 


The  villa  thus  completely  grjc'd, 
All  own,  that  Thrifty  has  a  taHe ; 
And  madam'a  female  friends,  and  coofia^ 
With  common -CQuocil  men,  by  doaens^ 
Flock  ev'ry  Sunday  to  the  feat. 
To  iUre  about  them,  and  to  cat, 

A    S  Q  N  G.    H^rirtfM  tt  a  Ladff, 

WHEN  the  nymphs  were  contending  fog 
beauty  and  fame. 
Fair  Sylvia  flood  foremoft  in  rightof  her  claim. 
When  to  crown  the  high  tranipotts  dear  conn 

queA  excites, 
At  coort  Ihe  was  envy'd  and  toafled  at  White's* 
But  how  fhalll  w  hifper  this  fair  one's  fad  cafe  \ 
A  cruel  diffc«i|p  has  fpoil'dher  fweet  face; 
Her  Vermillion  is  chang'd  to  a  dull  fettled  redj 
And  all  the  gay  graces  of  beauty  are  fled. 
Yet  take  heed,  ail  ye  fair,  how  you  triumpli 

in  vain, 
For  Sylvia,  tho'alter'd  frqm  pretty  to  plaia» 
Is  now'  more  engaging  fince  reafon  took  place* 
Then  when  ihe  polfefs  d  the  perfeAions  of  face* 
Convinc'd  (he  no  more  can  coquet  it  and  teaecp 
loftead  of  tormenting— ihe  Audies  to  pleafe: 
Makes  truth  and  dtfcrction  the  guide  of  her 

life,  [for  a  wife*. 

And  tho*  fpoiPd  for  a  toaf^«  (he*s  well  focm'd 

THE    ELM    AND    VIN^;. 

A  Fablb. 

Ufcribid  /#  m  t^  who  txpnjed  a  grfot  Avtr^ 
Jkn  U  Mdrrtage* 

IN  Afop's  days,  when  trees cou*d fpeak» 
And  talk  in  Hebrew,  Latin,   Greek, 
An  Elm  and  Vine,  by  chance  near  neighs 

hours, 
Tho'  fcparate,  each  pnrTu'd  their  labours; 
The  Vine,  with  native  fweetneis  fraughtj^ 
For  nun  prepared  the  chearing  draught  | 
Her  tendrils  curl'd  along  ihe  pUi^, 
And  ruddy  duflers  fwell  d  amain. 
The  tow*ring  Elm  could  little  boaH, 
But  leaves  «-a  barren  (hade  at  mofl  | 
Save  when  by  woodman's  fturdy  fboke 
Cut  down  to  make  a  chair,  or  ipoke : 
Vet  tho*  but  fnall  his  claim  to  merit. 
Not  wholly  void  of  (enfe  or  fpirit. 
His  neighbour's  worth  he  vicwM  with  fmtlcia 
And  long*d  to  fliarc  her  ufeful  toils. 
For,  <*  O !   faid  he,  were  we  but  one. 
Sure  bliis  would  enter  here  abne  i 
For  i  by  you  encircled  high. 
Should  fcom  the  oak*s  proud  majefty, 
While  your  rich  fruit  time  n^ight  mature 
.From  Aonns  and  favage  beafts  fecure  j 
Our  mutual  help  would  foothe  our  care. 
And  heav'n  approre  the  happy  pair." 

«  Forbear,  Sir  Elm,  the  Vine  reply 'd. 
Nor  wonder  if  yoi]\r  fuit's  deoy'd. 
Shall  I  give  up  my  independence. 
On  your  caprice  (0  dance  atteadaace  f 

Olq  q  a  MuA 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


49^  Poetical  Essays 

M^>I»  or  nody  or  btnd,  or  twioey 
Jutl  It  your  worihip  ttt^U  incline  f 
Or  (bairmy  charmi,  which  all  admin^ 
Become  a  b^rreo  tree*s  attire  ? 
No — feck  inore  fuitablc  alhaoce-T' 
1  to  all  danger  bid  defiance. 
Hei^,   unconfm^d,  I  range  my  fill ; 
And  bbunt'eoui  nature  waits  my  will.** 

At  this  the  nodeft  Elm  firuc'<  muu^ 
Forbore  to  Ufgeliii  friendly  fuit: 
Boty  forefy  grieir*d^  to  meet  difdain, 
A  lender  figh  exprefji'd  bit  paio* 

When,  to!  thick  darkneft veils  the  pole*. 
Dread  lightning*  H^fh^  loud  thunders  roU^ 
I|npetuous  rains  infloodf  defcend* 
And't'em\>ling  nature  fears  an  end. 
The  Vine,  faint,  fpiritlefs,  forlornt 
Kow  fecks  the  fuccour  late  ber  fcorns 
Creeps  feebly  to  the  EIm*s  embrace } 
Apd  in  hit  arms  finds  fweet  fdace^ 
United  thus  they  fiorrot  defy. 
And  mutual  grace  and  aid  fupply. 

THE  SHEPHERD'S  RESOLUTION^ 
jU  Old  Ballad.     By  George  Wither. 

SHALL  I,  wafting  in  difpairff^ 
Dye  becaufe  a  i»oman*s  faire  j 
Off  make  paltf  my  cheeks  with  carc« 
*Caofe  iAotber*i  rofie  are  ? 
Bd'fte  fairer  than  the  day. 
Or  the  flbw'ry  meidi  in  May ; 
1-    if  fttt  thiiik  not  well  of  me. 

What  car«  I  how  fvire  (he  be  ! 
Shall  ixiy  he'ait  be  grie?*d  or  pin'd^ 
'Caole  I  fee  a  womin  khid  f 
0(  a  well-difpofcd  nature 
Joyoed  with  a  lovely  featpre  ? 
Be  (hee  meeker,  kinder,  than 
The  tliitle-dove  or  pelican } 

If  /hee  be  not  fo'  to  m<\ 
'   What  care  I  how  kind(&ee  be> 
Shall  a  woinan'a  virtues  move 
Me,  tb  perifh  for  her  love  ?  ' 
Or,  fatr  well-deferving»  khowne. 
Make  nit  quite  fotget  my  owne  ? 
Be  ihe  with  that  goodhefle  ble((. 
Which  may  roeiic  name  of  Bcft  ) 

If  die  bt  not  fuch  to  me* 

What  care  I  how  good  (hee  be  ? 
'Caufe  her  fortune  feems  too  high^ 
Shall  I  plaf  the  fool  and  d^e? 
Thoic  itiii  ItAtt  a  noble*mind, 
Wbcce  the?  ^ant  of  riches  find, 
Tb^lke  what  with  them  they  wouI4  doej^ 
That  without  them  dare  to  woe; 

Andi  onieiTe  that  mind  I  fee, 

What  care  I,  though  gre^t  (bee  be  ? 
Great  or  good,  or  kind  or  faire, 
I  will  ne'er  the  more  difpaire ; 
If  (he  love  me»  this  bcncvc» 
I  will  die  ere  (he  (ball  grieve. 
Jf  (he  (light  me,  whenl  wooej 
I  can  fcorne  and  let  her  goe  t 
-  For,  if  (hee  be  not  for  me, 

Wkat  caie  1  fox  whom  (hee  be  ? 


in  S£PT£MI|ERt     176s. 
A  .    S    O    N    G, 

Nvw  maeb  in  vogpt  in  Nordi  Atnerica* 
Ttf  the  ^»wa/"-H«AaTa  of  Oak,  fit, 

CO  M  E,  join  hand  in  hand,  brave  Ame- 
ricans ^11,  .[^» 
And  roufe  your  bold  hearts  at  ^r  Xiberty'i 
No  tyrannofo  ads  (ball  Tupprefs  your  jull  ctuin. 
Or  ftain  with  di(ho-  our  Ameiica^a  name. 
In  freedom  we're  born,    and  in  freedam 
Our  purfes  are 'cady,                [vrc*ll  live, 
S  eadyi  friends,  fteady,           fwe'll  p»t. 
Not  aa  (laves,   but  as  freemen  our  mobej 
Oar  worthy  forefathers— kt*a   ^ve  then  a 

cheer—     * 
To  climates  unknown  did  couragioufly  fleer; 
Thro*  oceani  to  deiarts  for  freedom  they  cantc. 
And  dying  bequeatli'd  us   their  freedom  aai 
fame — ' 

In  freedom  we*re  bom,  J^ 
'^heir  generdus  bofoms  all  dangers  defpis'd. 
So  highly,  fo  wifely,    their  birtbiigbutkf 

pris'd  i 
We*Jl  keep  wBac  they  gave — vre  will  pioufly 
keep,  jdecp. 

Nor  fruflrate  their  toils  on  the  land  or  the 

*  In  freedom  we*re  ^ro,  &c 
The  tree  thfir  own  bands   had  to  libo^ 
rear'cf,  verd^ 

They  liv*d  to  behold  growing  ficong  and  re- 
With  u*n Import  they  cry*d,  • «  now  oor  wUhe* 
we  gain,  [p?^'* 

For  onrcbildien  (hall  gather  the  fmita  of  o« 

In  (ccedom  we're  born   &(. 
Sararms  of  placemen  and  penEo^era  iqoa  wift 

appear, 
Like  locufts  deforming  thccharms  of  the  year; 
Sons  vainly  will  rife,  (howcrs  vatoly  dcicend, 
.  If  we  ate  to  drudge  fpr  what  othera  (hall  fpead. 
In  lr''edom  we*re  born,  ^c 
Then  join  hand  in  hand  brave  Ameiicans  alL 
By  dhiting  we  (^and,  Sy  dividing  we  fall  ; 
In  (b  righteous  a  caufe  l<;t  us  hope  to  fuccccd^ 
For  heaven  a^jf  roves  of  each  geDcrooa  deed^— 

^  In  freedom  we're  bijrn,  Hr^ 

All  ages  ibkll  fpeak  with  amaz<!  aodap^laoii^ 
Of  the  coura^^  we'll  (hew  in  fiy>port  of  oic 

laws; 
To  die  we  can  bear—  b\it  to  ferve  vre  difdaiA— 
For(hame*is  to  treemen  more  dreadiul  th^ 
pain.*— 

In  freedom  we*re  bom,  .  ^. 
This    bunpper  1  crown  for  our  foTcrcig^'a 

health.  '\ 
And  this  for  Britannia's  gloty  ard  wealthy 
That  wealth  and  thit  glory,  immortal  nsay  be* 
If  (he  ia  btit  juif-:-and  if  we  are  bat  ^ee.^^ 
*  'In  freedom  we're  bocn»  &f. 

D. 

A  Card  e»  JohB  Wilket,  Eff\  m  beof-iwg  iht 
rampant  Exuttation  of  a  Cthh  cf  ScotclUK8» 

•»  ^i  receiving  SenUnee  U/  June. 

SUCH  a^  the  honours  thy  lov^d  country  faip» 
So  patriots  fuBfer^  whcocut/l  (a^oia  {w9jH 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768^ 


Complaint  of  a  Fartrait  Painter, 


60  viltiani  tnutnpb,  backney'd  to  deftroy, 
And  Uugh,  like  Nero,  at  the  flames  of  Troy. ' 
Yet  thou  (halt  rife  in  guihlefs  gloty  bright, 
And  future  annali  Oiall  thy  worth  requi.e  ; 
Tell  how  thou  floodft  with  liberty  faft  bound, 
Aod  kept  her  imoakiug  bulwarks  from  the 

ground  } 
Her  lacred  rtghu  not  once  thou  didft  decline, 
Lurk  in  tbe  trench,  or  (kulk  behind  the  line* 
But  bravely  in  her  caufe  didft  ifTue  forth, 
Ag'ihft  the  harnefs'd  miUiont  of  the  North. 
60  on,  great  patriot,  freedom*!  caufe 
maiit^in, 

Nor  let  oppfffldon  foil  great  G '•  reign: 

liif  pe  «ple  from  corruption*!  tempeft  fave. 
And  l^fh  ini:gnant  every  menia'i  flave  ; 
Mak<^  ftares  and  fenatee  to  confefs  this  fad, 
*•  Wbu  tli>  k  like  Romans,  fhould  like  Ro- 
mans a£l ."  [prov*d 
Then  m  e^cb  Bnton*t  breai^  thou'lt  ftand  «p- 
Not  Czfar  e'er  by  Rome  fo  much  belov  d. 

Probus. 


ro    tbe    P  R  I  N  T  E  R. 

I  AM  a  portrait  painter  of  (bme  reputation, 
and  have  the  honour  of  frequently  being 
employed  by  per  font  of  tbe  firndiftindlion:  but 
though  I  am  generally  allowed  to  be  a  tole- 
rable mafter  in  my  profeiHun,  I  have  fome- 
timei  the  mortification  to  hear,  that  my  pic- 
toies  forni/h  no  very  ftriking^  idea  of  the  peo- 
ple tor  whom  they  are  deiigned. 

The  complaint  indeed  has  been  made  of 
other  painters  a«  well  ss  m^felf ;  and  as  there 
if  fcarcely  an  artift.  who  has  not  occafion- 
ally  failed  in  a  likenefs,  1  have  never  labour- 
ed under  any  particular  difgrace  upon  this  ac- 
count: yet  in  reality.  Sir,  if  the  cafe  was 
pdperly  confidered,  the  world  inftead  of  being 
ibrprized  when  our  pid^ures  want  a  At  iking 
rcfembUce  of  their  originals,  ought  to  won- 
der hovr  we  are  able  to  work  up  a  refem- 
bUnce^taih  Thegene>ality  of  people,  when 
thrj  Bt  to  a  painter,  moft  commonly  throw 
off  the  natural  tone  of  their  faces,  and  tor- 
ture every  feature  upon  the  rack  of  atfe^a- 
tioa,  to  rend  r  them fe Ives  additionally  amia- 
ble^: without  recDlle£ting,  that  it  is  the  fa- 
miliar, UnconHrained  air  wh'ch  they  wear 
to  4  I  the  world,  which  they  want  to  have 
rcp^efented  ;  yet  they  ridiculouHy  afluoie  a 
new  f<rt  Qt  looks,  and  are  amazed  if  the  artift 
does  not  exhibit  them  ftrongly  in  their  old 
ones.  Thus  the  confequence  of  their  own 
vani'7  they  imagine  toariie  from  his  want  of 
flc  11  s  and  he  is  fuppofed  to  be  deficient  in 
his*  profefllon,  bccaufe  they  are  defuous  of 
being  handed  down  with  eslraoidlnary  graces 
to  pbftrriry. 

As  a  proof  of  this  remark,  I  muft  beg 
leave  to  m^ke  you  acquainted  with  a  couple 
of  whimncal  Anecdotes.  Some  time  ago  a 
lady  of  the  fir  ft  diftinAion,  remarkable  for  a 
verj  large  mouthy   did  mc  the  hoaour  to  fit 


493(. 

for  her  pldare ;  aod  as  I.ha^.  oUigUtons  t» 
her  family,  I  was  determin  |d  to  be  iQ'ofpi 
tb^o  commonly  careful  in  erioi l^og  » likenefs; 
but,  alas  !  Sir,  1  laboured  to  n  P  pur pof^  ;  k«r^ 
grace  had  feofe  eoougjii  to  kao  lip  the  ttivQi  Ia 
tbe  feature.  1  hare  nuntioatd »  but  (he  hai 
not  fortitude  eooug^b  to  have  it;  committed  to 
tbe  C4avai,  fo  that  every  tinx  e  lie  (at,  her 
mouth  was  cootra^ed  to  fuel  1  a  ooaspa(«  as 
deftroycd  the  natural  harmony  of  her  «oiiatc- 
naoce  ;  and  as  I  was  obliged  1 "»  catch  every 
look  exa£^ly  as  1  found  it,  thci  piece,  whco 
executed,  retained  no  mor&rele.  oUaoce  of  htf 
cuftomary  face,  than  if  it  had  b«  len  Aniflied  ioff 
the  moft  exquifite  bcautj  in  tbi  1  Grand  Seig- 
nior's Seraglio.  The  confeque  ftces  are  eaiily 
imagined:  flie  was  difgufied,  while  I  was 
difgraced)  and  another  wasi  app4ied  to,  who 
painted  her  grace  without  aiky  |  reater  degree 
of  fuccefs. 

After  this  a,  fox-hontingjiob  (cQ^n  in  Qx- 
fordftiire,  who  was  defirous  of  \  irefenting  hij 
picture  to  a  certain  corporation .ii  |  that  county^ 
offered  me  fn  extraordinary  pric  e  for  extraor- 
dinary attention  to  his  piiftuie  ,  and  1  wat 
fortunate  enough  to  ftiike  out  a  likonels  that 
gave  himfe.f  and  his  friends  th  e  higheft  ia« 
tisfa£tion ;  but  unluckily  his  1  irdftvip  bdof 
intended  tor  a  town- hall,  his  ht  tad  was  deco- 
rated in  the  moft  elegant  extremi  ty  of  fafliion, 
and  he  fent  me  in  a  magnificent  fuit  of  fear- 
let  embroidered  with  guld,  as  ?i.  pattern  foe 
the  drapery.  This  was  a  mann(  ir  of  drefliag 
which  his  lordfliip  had  laid  a<ii  k  i^  many 
years,,  and  his  acquaintance  wer  %  accuQomed 
to  fee  hinr.  in  nothing  but  a  bio\  ra  hob  wig» 
a  plain  drab  coat,  and  a  buck  ikin  pair  of 
breeches ;  fo  that  by  the  lime  th  e  portrait  re- 
ceived the  lafi  touches,  there  wasi  not  a  fioglc 
foul  who  formerly  praifcd  it  as  a  mir«cJe» 
that  could  now  And  out  the  fm  illeft  fimili- 
tude  of  my  right  honourable  fpor  timan.  En- 
raged at  this  unexpeAed  difapppi  ntment,  hit 
lord/hip  fet  fire  to  it  the  nemcnA  he  got  k 
home,  and  my  labours,  in  the  literal  (bnfe^ 
made  ji  blaze  foronce  in  the  wc  rid,  though 
they  produced  me  but  a  very  fliiirt»lived  re- 
putation.^ 

If  people  are  really  defirous  of  ftrikieg 
likene/fcs,.  when  they  rmploy  a  p  ainter,  they 
ftiould  g^ve  him  every  ai&^ance  in  ttteir  power,^ 
inftead  of  preppfterouUy  labouripg  to  counter- 
aA  the.  efforts  of  bis  ingenuity.  The  way  to 
do  thia,  is  to  fit  in  an  eafy  natural  attitade> 
ana  to  let  their  features  mainuin  the  fam<i 
familiar  tone,  which  they  maintain  in  tbci 
moft  common  occutreAces  of  life.  Thqr 
ftiould  in  faft,  wj^olly  forget  the  artiftj  and 
be  particularly  careful  to  avoid  every  look  of 
conftraint  or  affe£Utiou;  by  this  means,  in- 
ftead  of  being  only  like  their  pi^utes  during 
the  time  of  fitting,  the  pictures  will  alwaya- 
be  like  them  \  and  the  gentlemen  of  the 
pencil  will  not  only  acquire  a  confiderably 
greater  ftia  e  of  reputation,  but  they  them- 
fclfci  will  almoft  exift.to  the  lateft  poflerity, 

and 


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494 

and  rtoMb  ftD  If  vtlvftVc  tr«afare  to  tbcir  h» 
SBiUei. 

Tbtre  b  anotker  very  cipital  f^a!t  in  the 
Ctaeniity  of  th^lt  who  art  moft  fond  of  on- 
giging  the  Ubourt  of  th^  painter,  kefidcg 
the  unaccooatablt  coftom  ofc'  torturing  thatr 
facet  into  (omethiog  cxttcmaly  ontilie  thtm- 
fdvci,  they  kavip  alio  a  method  of  ftarting  op 
every  other  fecfind  from  their  chair,  to  trace 
the  momentary  rprogreft  of  the  pencil*  and  to 
ice  if  the  growing  featnrc  promiici  a  nearer 
approach  to  prrfe^tion,  Thet  where  they 
cTcn  retain  the  natural  tone  of  their  counte- 
nance, the  glatice  which  they  allow  the  artift 
to  fnatch  ii  fo  tranfient,  and  the  view  which 
they  forntih  him  ia  neccflarily  fo  full  of  va- 
riety, that  it  rpuft  be  incooceiveably  difficult 
to  work  out  a  >  tolerable  fimilitude.  People, 
therefore,  bef<ore  they  cenfure  a  portrait  for 
being  deficient  in  the  eflsntial  article  of  lJk«- 
acfi,  fliould  f«trioufly  coQfider  the  mraiberUfs 
difiidvantaget  with. which  the  painter  muft 
piobably  ftrugipe,  and  the  per(ba  for  whom  it 
ia  intended  ih<»uld  have  gcnerofity  enough  to 
acknowledge  the  truth  if  he  ia  fecretly  con- 
fdouf  thtt  thet  want  of  refemblance  hat  been 
cntirdv  occafi  ooied  by  himfeif.  But,  indeed, 
Chcie  it  one  way  by  which  we  may  alwayi 
jodgp  with  forne  degree  of  certainty,  whether 
the  fitter  or  the>  artift  hat  been  in  fault  j, 
thtt  it  to  enqirre  if  the  latter  it  a  competent 
nafter  of  hit.pfofeffion,  and  to  aik  if  hit 
pieces  in  general  breathe  the  fpirit  of  their 
ortginalr.  If  the  ezaoiinat'on  turnt  out  in 
favour  of  thtt  painter,  we  may  fafely  con- 
clude thM  the  blame  it  entirely  the  6tter*t, 
and  confeqoently,  iaftead  of  condemning  the 
abilitiet  of  the  one,  we  muft  think  the  oth^r 
11  paniflied  jvMHy  enough  for  the  czceft  ot  hit 
impatience  or  hit  vanity. 

A  POKTBAIT  PAtKTia. 

^TBifdlovfhii  ftfy  «/  a  Lattr,  i*ui  Corfica, 
Auguft  5,  it  omnded  akomt,  st  cwuining  s 
trtur  Jktouni  •f  wbai  fiJI*d  ihtrt  m  the  \ft 
of  tbmt  Aiomtf  tham  atn  uber  Lttter  bitbtrf 
fublijbtd. 

IN  the  latl  week  of  July,  about  ten  or  tie- 
ve»  daya  before  the  expiration  of  the 
truce  the  Frmich  polled  a  body  of  horfe  in 
Baftsa»  on  the  weftcm  fide  of  the  ifle,  where 
they  had  about  8000  foot.  At  Sao  Fiorenao, 
oT»  the  oppofite  ihore,  they  had  S500  foot, 
French  and  Swift,  with  other  corpt  at  Calvi 
and  Bonifacio,  and  about  soco  French  and 
Germani  at  Ajaccio. 

At  fooo  at  their  horic  had  entered  Baftia 
the  French  made  a  Tally  from  CaNi,  with  the 
vittw  of  drawing  the  Corfimnt  to  that  fide, 
vtho  wera  poftcd  in  the  peflea  between  Baftit 
and  San  Fiorenao  t  hut  after  a  flight  ikitmiih 
they  retired  again  to  Calvi«  > 

Three  or  four  dayt  bef<M«  the  31(1  of  July, 
the  Corficant  detained,  in  San  Fiorenao, 
feme  cattle  that  were  going  to  the  French 
ctmp»  but  on  a  meiTagc  from  ihe  commm- 


Operations  in  Corfica^ 


Sept^ 


dant,  releafed  them  diredW,  rtpreientiACv 
however,  «  that  the  fkenck  ought  not  to 
have  drawn  any  cattle  from  thence,  with«Mat 
the  knowledge  of  the  govofoor  of  the  diftriO* 
through  whicK  they  were  to  paft ;  and  th%t 
the  Corficant  were  not  obliged  to  iaiSu  aoj 
thing  to  paft  to  the  French,  evceptiog  what 
wat  juft  necclTary,  "till  the  ezpltattoa  of  tbc 
trace,  and  not  miintenance.for  a  Urgfc  anDya 
at  they  fccmed  preparing,  which  aaigitt  occa* 
fion  a  v^nt  of  provifioot  to  tho  Corficani,'* 

About  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  Freiick 
camp,  in  a  diftri^  pofpHed  by  the  Corficaaa, 
it  a  place  which  fuulued  good  water  §  th^ 
Corficana  thcf e  kept  a  guard,  and  both  fidei 
provided  themfelvet  froni  thence  wkh  water^ 
The  French,  under  gretence  of  what  ha4 
pafled  in  regard  to  the  catile,  furphaed,  mt 
the  aSdi,  the  CorTican  guird,  drove  them 
away,  and  placed  there  a.  guard  of  their  owi^ 
In  fpite  of  the  repreientatiof  s  made  by  the 
Oiifican  commander,  the  French  fordfied 
themfeWei  in  that  place,  and  would  «oC  buf- 
fer the  Corficant  to  come  iheic '  for  water. 
The  latter,  refetting  this  aft  of  hoftility,  ' 
furprized,  in  their  turn,  on  the  toih  at 
night,  the  Frepch  trpopa,  ferfad  theip  to) 
retire,  and  took  about  ooo  mufijuett. 

On  the  3^(1  the  French  hung  out  tl^er 
fljg  in  the  caAle  of  San  Fior^ao.  A  bodj 
ofaboi^t  190  foot  divided  into  (everal  detach- 
mentt,  marched  out  of  the<r  camp,  and  fcU 
upon  the  Corficant,  who  guarded  the  fooa« 
ta|ni :  The  latter,  after  a  fight  of  two  hourt, 
re  reatei*  to  the  upper  groondt,  from  whence 
they  made  ^  brilk  fire  qp  the  French* 
The  e  feparated  then  into  two  or  three  par« 
tier,  in  order  to  attack  the  emineocei )  but 
the  Corficant,  though  greatly  inferior  ia 
number,  u  not  making  in  all  above  100  rc« 
gular  troopt,  and  300  peafaott,  dei^eaded 
themfelvet  with  fo  much  bravery,  thet  tb^ 
French  were  obliged  to  abaadoq  the  tipper' 
gioundt,  about  twenty  alone  excepte4  wh^ 
ftayed  tbcte,  but  who  being  difeovered  the 
next  morning,  were  alfo  driven  from  thence. 
Few  Corficant  fell  in  thit  aftion.  Cavere4 
by  the  rocks  or  buihet  they  fired  fitting  on 
the  ground,  and  lay  all  along  while  their 
mulquett  were  charging  by  the  affiftance  of 
the  women,  who  exhorted  them  not  to  itn, 
death.  The  French,  on  the  contrary,  loft 
a  great  number  of  people,  moft  of  whon 
were  left  dead  on  the  fpot,  very  few  beiag 
carried  to  the  bofpital,  and  only  two  of 
their  offitert  buried.  The  French  comman* 
dant  forbid,  the  fame  evening,  00  pain  of 
death,  all  mention  of  what  had  pafled  ia 
that  day't  aftion.  The  French,  however, 
have  fince  confefTed  the  loft  of  five  ofiicert^' 
and  at  leaft  300  fofdicrt,  killed,  wounded, 
and  prifooers. 

The  French  in  BaAia,  hearing  the  report 
of  the  aftion  near  Saif  Fiotenso,  and  perceiv-  ' 
ing  that  the  corps  of  obrervation  formed  by 
the  Corficant  wai  remoTcd,    made  a  fally 

wiik 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17  68. 


\An  extrdordinary  Affidavit. 


Unth  thelf  ciwJfT,  which  they  poflel  be- 
tireea  Baftia  tad  the  moantalni  that  fepantc 
the  cafifooi  of  chat  city  ftoa  Saa  Fiorcnzo. 
Tbare  tbty  Uy  encamped  the  whole  atght  be- 
tween the  Corficaoa,  who  were  appointed  to 
•bferve  San  Fioreoso,  aod  thofe,  who  ob- 
icrved  OaAU}  and  all  night  long  they  were 
Icen  ftHog  from  the  former  of  thefe  pofte. 

The  morning  fbllowinry  vis.  on  the  ift  of 
Aogufty  we  coold  perceive  plainly  from  the 
neigh  boeriftg  emtoencet,  that  the  French 
and  Corfieaot  were  ftill  engaged,  and  that 
the  foroMr  had  not  yet  gained  one  inch  of 
greond.  The  Swiia  marched  oat  that  day 
from  Sao  Fiorcoto,  with  ibme  pieeea  of  can- 
non |  after  a  refiftance  of  more  than  two 
heorf,  they  made  themfelvet  maftets  of  the 
heightt»  and  from  thence  marched  down  into 
the  vaUey,  where  are  a  few  fmall  vilhget* 
and  Mattered  houfei.  We  are  icnoratit  what 
ia  the  lo(fl  of  the  French  io  this  lecond  aAioo. 
We  only  know  in  general,  that  among  the 
Cor6cuif  there  were  loo  dead,  40  of  whom 
were  women  end  children,  end  about  50 
women  and  young  lada  are  made  ptiibnert. 

Cape  Achillea  Morato,  who  waa  reported 
to  be  dead,  ia  alive  1  and  Capt.  John  Charles 
Saliceti  lies  ill  of  a  fever  at  BaiHa,  and  it  if 
feared  tannot  recover.    (Sa  p,  44$. J 

AFFIDAVIT. 

MICHAEL  CUKRY,  of  St.  Peter^s 
Mancroft,  in  the  citv  of  Norwich, 
printer,  makcth  oath  and  faith,  that  in  the 
month  of  May,  one  thoufand  feven  hundred 
end  fixty-three,  be  wu  hiied  by  John  Wilkes, 
£iqi  of  Great  George- ftrect,  Weftminfter, 
at  the  rate  of  twenty- five  ihilliogs  per  week ) 
that  he  lited  in  the  hoofe  of  the  faid  Mr. 
li^Jket,  waa  boarded  and  regnlariy  knlg- 
ed  there )  that  he  waa  employed  by  the 
faid  Mr.  Wijkea  in  ieveral  things  about 
his  private  preis|  that  the  faid  Mr. 
Wilkea  employed  this  depooTAClo  com- 
pose and  print  part  of  a  poem^  entitled. 
An  Eilay  on  Woman}  that  the  (aid  Mr. 
Wilkee  gave  this  deponent  the  ftrideft  charge 
to  keep  it  fecret,  and  to  fuflTer  no  perfon 
whatever  to  fee  the  faid  poem;  that  the 
laid  Mr.  WUkes  ordered  thif  def^poent  to 
work  off  only  twelve  copies,  which  weie  all 
to  be  delivered,  and  were  aOually  giten  to 
the  Ibid  Mr.  Wilkea  himfelf*  but  that, 
without  the  knowledge  of  the  faid  Mr. 
Wilkes,  this  deponent  worked  off  another 
copy  for  himfelf  I  that  from  the  eareteffnefc 
of  thia  deponent,  four  pages  only  of  the  faid 
poem  came  info  the  hands  of  one  Jeooing*, 
who  likewife  worked  at  the  faid  Mr.  Wilket*s  j 
Chat  by  means  o  this  Jennings  it  wu  (hewn 
to  Mr.  Farmer,  Mr.  Faden,  and  the  Rev. 
iAr,  Xidgell  j  that  the  firti  application  made 
CO  chia  deponent  wu  by  Farmer,  who  came, 
m  be  preteoded,  00  his  own  curiofit/y  to  ice 


495 

the  reft  of  a  poem  called  in  Cflay  te  Womeo. 
having  fceo  wmc  pact  of  it  ill  the  handa  or 

Jennings,  which  Jeonfaigs,  he  fatd,  toM 
tm  he  had  it  from  the  houfe  of  Mr.  Wilkes| 
that  thia  deponent  would  not  then  fliew  Far- 
mer any  things  that  a  few  nights  sfter  Far* 
mer  called  again  on  this  deponent  |  that 
they  retired  to  Saint- John*s>Oare  coffee* 
hoiilc;  that  Farmer  repeated  he  had  (bme 
parte  in  black  j  that  this  deponent  then  faid 
to  Farmer,  chat  OMoetry  in  black  had  been 
done^  at  the  faid  Mr.  Wilkes*8,  and  there- 
fore Jennings  mnft  have  come  by  thofe  verfea 
at  fome  other  hoofe,  the  parts  of  the  Effa^ 
00  Woman  being  io  red,  which  this  deponent 
laid  to  evade,  although  the  proofs  were  ia 
Black :  that  FaraDer  told  this  deoonent  he 
wanted  it  to  oblige  a  Romsn  Catnolic  gen- 
tleman, and  that  he  would  give  two  gorneas, 
or  any  thin^,  to  get  it)  that  he  actually  laid 
down  two  guineas,  which  the  deponent  re* 
fufied,  and  told  Farmer  that  he  wu  not  upon 
an  honeft  dcfign  j  that  he  could  not  conceive 
for  what  lealon  a  Roman  Catholic  gentlemav 
particukrly  AooM  oftr  two  guineu,  or  any 
inm,  far  what  Farmer  muftlcnow  was  not 
from  the  qoantity  woith  fix-pence  |  that 
this  deponent  then  paid  for  the  pint  of  beer 
before  aim,  telling  Farmer  that  if  he  woold 
call  the  Simday  morning  following,  this  ^e-* 
ponent  would  fpeak  to  the  porpofe,  and  thea 
quitted  the  hoofe ;  that  this  deponent  then 
difcovered  the  affair  to  a  friend,  and  when 
Farmer  catne  to  this  dcpooeot  on  the  Sun- 
day, this  deponent  told  him  that  he  had  de- 
ftroyed  the  copy,  and  that  he  hoped  that 
would  end  any  further  vifit  on  that  head  f 
that  the  next  day  this  deponent  waited  on 
Mr.  Churchill ;  that  this  deponent  aflced 
him  if  any  hum  could  come  to  Mr.  Wilkes^ 
or  this  deponent,  for  the  Eilay  6n  Woman  | 
that  Mr.  Churchill  (aid  there  could  not,  bot 
for  any  thing  the  people  in  power  could  do  they 
might  be  damned  j  that  however  he  would 
write  to  Mr.  Wilkes,  who  wu  then  in 
France;  that  the  next  application  wu  by 
Haffel,  the  dVerfeer  of  Mr.  Faden,  who  defir- 
ed  this  deponent  woold  go  to  the  Globe  Tavern, 
u  Mr.  Faden  wanted  to  fpeak  to  this  deponent 
00  fome  bttfiaefs  ^  that  this  deponent  accord- 
ingly went  I  that  when  Faden  and  thie  de- 
ponent were  alone,  Faden  informed  -  him, 
that  Farmer  had  given  him  a  fow  pages  of 
the  Eilay  on  Woman,  which  the  faid  Faecn  - 
h  id  ihewn  to  a  clergyman,  and  that  clergyman 
to  a  nobleman)  and  that  if  this  deponent 
wculd  oblige  him  with  a  copy  of  the  whole 
for  that  nobemao,  he  would  be  thia 
deponent*s  friend,  and  was  pofitive,  that  the 
perfon,  u  he  wu  in  power,  would  make  an 
ample  provifion  for^tm,  this  deponent^  that  - 
tht»  deponent  pretended  ignorance  of  the  whole 
at  thia  meeting }  thit  another  meeting  w.s 
foon  after  had  with  the  (aid  Faden  at  the  faid 
Cl0be  Tavern  |  that  the  faid  Faden  prom^ed 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^496 


The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


•thi«  depooeot  that  lie  (hould  be  ttkeo  cart  of, 
an4  if  he  would  give  the  faid  Fadcn  a  copy  of 
The  Bff-y  on  Woomii,  thit  deponent  inigfat 
liavt  any  fum  be  aamed,  or  any  place  he 
ihould  name,  which  it  Was  in  their  power 
to  get;  that  fcveial  other  meetings  were  hid 
between  the  faid  Paden  and  this  depoikntj 
that  the  fame  ofkn  were  repeated,  and  ten, 
twenty*  a  hundied  guineas,  or  any  fum* 
would  be  given  as  a  fecurity  tbtt  the  copy 
AovM  be  returned  $  that  Mr.  Wrliees  was  aN 
this  time  in  France  ^  that  there  wa«  a  fttwig 
report  (bac  Mr.  Wilkes  intended  ro  profecuie 
this  deponent  for  felony,  in  having  ftohfn  a 
copy  of  the  filHy  on  Woman  j  that  this  de- 
ponent applird  to  fee  Mr.  Willces  on  his  re- 
turn  from  France,  and  was  refufed  by  his 
ferraot)  that  foon  aiier  the  appltcaiioni  to 
this  deponent  wer«  renewed  by  the  <aid  Fa- 
den  and  the  faid  HalTel;  that  he  was  defited  to 
name  «i^  fum  i  thtt  be  might  depend  oA 
being  fupported  from  any  iniury  he  might  ap- 
prehend, and  firmly  rely  on  being  pruteded 
by  thofe  in  power  )  that  otherwife  he  might 
be  .profeciittd  for  having  printed  the  copy  | 
that  afterwards  the  reports  of  this  deponent's 
being  to  be  prorecuted  by  Mr.  Wilkes  for  fe- 
lony gaining  aground,  this  <epooent  in  a  ptf- 
6on  went  to  the  faid  diobe  TaYcrn,  fent  for 
^  faid  Faden,  and  gave  him  the  copy,  fry- 
ing, he  hoped  he  flsoold  be  taken  care  of,  ai 
he  fcond  he  waa  not  fife  cither  in  keeping 
or  difitoying  the  copy  |  thit  the  fiiid  Faden 
then  gave  htm  iive  guineas,  as  a  feca:ity  to 
letnrn  him  the  copy>  and  promiied  him  pro- 
te^OA  $  that  this  depbneot  went  with  the 
iaid  Faden  on  the  (aid  evening,  to  tbe  hoofe 
of  Philip  Carteret  Webb,  Efq;  foltcitor  to  the 
tttafory^  in  Dreat  Qneen-ilreet,  whcife  waa 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Kidgell ;  that  the  faid  Webb 
bid  this  deponent  beeafy,  for  that  he  Aoold 
be  provideid  for  i  that  this  deponent  afier- 
warda  foe  feveral  weeks  lodgted  and  boaHed  io 
the  faid  Webb's  hovfe;  thet  thia  deponent 
vnt  often  told  by  the  faid  Webb,  that  go- 
vemment  would  take  care  of  him»  if  he  «^ouftl 
give  evidence  oh  the  trials  againft  Mr. 
Wilkes }  that  be  mn(k  remain  ftaunch,  and 
that  dire€lien«»  as  to  what  he  Ibould  fay  on 
the  trials,  were  given  him  by  the  faid 
Webl?>:  that  a  few  days  before  the  meeting 
of  the  parllanoent.  the  faid  Webb  bid  tbe 
£ud  Padien  take  this  deponent  out  ef  town  ) 
thai  acooedingly  the  faid  Faden  and  thiv  ^^ 


Sept 


tponcnt  went  iirft  to  Hounflow,  then  tb 
.Hampton  Court,  and  afterwards  to  Xnlgh^'- 
4mdge,  till  the  morning  the  hoafe  far,  when 
they  went  to  the  Horn  Tavern  in  Wedmin^ 
fter,  where  were  the  faid  Webb  and  tbe  frfl 
Kidgell,  and  from  thence  to  give  evidence 
before  the  boufe  of  lords  j  thdt  the  £ud 
Webb  a  few  days  afterwards  Carried  this  de- 
ponent to  tife  earl  of  Sandwich,  who  waa 
then  fecretiry  of  ftate  }  that  his  fordfttp  fai4 
to  this  deponent,  you  have  ftved  the  nation, 
and  you  ouy  depend  on  any  thing  that  ia 
in  my  power }  that  this  deponent  faid  he  wak 
without  money,  to  which  his  lordlbip  re- 
plied, he  muft  not  hear  that ;  that  the  tn^ 
Webb  added,  you  had  no  occafioo  to  men- 
tion that ;  that  at  the  bottom  of  his  icrd- 
(bip*s  ftairs  the  hid  Webb  ordered  this  depo- 
nent to  go  to  Mr.  CarringtoB,  one  of  tht 
kiftg't  mefiengert  j  that  this  deponent  ac- 
cordingly went  to  the  faid  Carrii>gton,  wbo 
gave  him  t  guinea  and  an  half,  fbr  whidi 
this  deponent  gave  a  receipt  in  tbefe  words, 
«  for  fubfiftence,  for  «4iich  I  ihall  be  ae- 
comttaUe,'*  or  to  that  eflPedi  that  tbe 
fame  payment  of  a  guinea  and  a  hklf  vrai 
continued  tor  about  twenty-ftVe  weekt  by 
the  (aid  Carriogtohj  that  the  faid  Garring^ 
ton  faid  tbe  reafon  whjr  he  took  receipts 
was,  tliat  lie  was  anfweral>le  to  the  ^vem- 
ment  for  that  money;  that  this  deponent 
wu  afTured  by  the  faid  Webb,  from  time  & 
time,  that  he  ihould  be  amply  provided  for  $ 
that  thit  deponent  was  afterwards  employed 
by  tbe  Uxd  Webb  to  compromife  the  verdiQl 
with  the  other  printen,  which  this  deponent 
id  at  the  fom  of  iiol.  each  }  thit  this  deA 
ponent  bad  received  Aothisg  frdm  the  faid 
Carringten  for  Ibme  time  before  tha  verdidi 
were  compromifed  {  that  he  received  for  hta 
own  (hare  two  hnntfred  thirty. three  ponndA, 
fii  (hillings  and  eight- pience,  which  the  faid' 
Webb  declare  was  for  the  trouble  and  (ktis« 
fadion  for  what  had  befcn  done :  that  tbei 
thia  deponent  finding  no  mare  money  coxiiin| 
from  the  faid  Ckrrlngton,  mAA  his  life  being 
ittade  very  ooeafy  to  him  at  London,  retiied 
into  the  North, 

MicnAfL  CtrfcRT* 
Sworn  at  the  Maofion-Houfe 

In  London,  the  jd  of  An- 

goft,  176S,  before 

Thoua9  HAaizT,  Mayvr* 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 

WtDNlSDAT,    Abg  24. 

fHE  princefs-dowagcT  of  Wales, 
with  the  two  princes  of  Saxe- 
Oothi,     vflitfed    Portfmouth, 
I  the  dock,  &c,  &c, 

TnaaaoAV/  Sept  t. 
There  fell  one  of  the  fevereft 
ttormt  of  rain,  accompanied  with  wspd,  thun- 


der, and  lightning,  that  kath  been  i 
bcred,  which  hath,  done  confiderable  damage 
in  feveral  places.  It  poured  down  Higbgal*^ 
hill,  about  ele? en  at  night,  la  fnch  a  m^n- 
nfcr,  that  the  road  could  not  be.cfoffird  wit|^ 
fafety }  ki^d  yefterday  morning  all  iht  flat 
parts  of  the  toad  at  Hollovray  and  fields  ad}a« 
cent  were  overflowed.    The  road|  where  it 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t>68.         ne  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGfeR.        497 


VM  not  covered  with  tbe  witeri  prcfcnted 
lotbing  bat  the  larger'  grarel  fiooet|  all  the 
and  beiog  waihed  away,  and  lying  in  rowi  as 
f  iifted.  And  about  one  o'clock  the  next 
lay  the  water  came  dovro  in  fuch  tor- 
r«nti  from  Hampfteadj  ftc.  that  the  road  and 
iat  fiddi  about  Bagnigge  Wells  were  oirer- 
lown.  SennI  people  io  Coldbath-fieidt^ 
Mutton-Une,  Peter  Axttt,  and  thofe  paitt> 
bOained  great  damage  I  fome  publicans  had 
ev«ral-boCti  of  beer  carried  out  of  their  cel- 
ar«  j  three  oxeo^  and  feteral  hogi,  were  ear- 
ned away  by  the  draio>  and  drowned :  and  in 
Mutton  laoe,  and  the  lovvcr  part  of  Hockley 
lA  the  Hole,  the  ihhabitams  were  obliged  |o 
|oit  their  ground  floort,  and  go  up  (birs  for 
ear  of  being  di  owned*  Great  damage  waa 
fuftained  in  the  faid  pUce«>  and  almoft  all  the 
inTiront  cf  the  city  5  above  forty  (mall-craft, 
n  the  river,  wet  e  driven  on  Ihore^  and  feve- 
'al  fdnk^  the  late  duke  of  Cumberland*! 
%ne  wa:er-W(Drks,  In  Windforforeft,  were 
ntirelyde/hoyed  ^  fevcral  peifons  were  drown* 
Id  in  different  places,  as  well  u  bories,  oxeiiy 
ind  hogtl 

Sunday,  4* 
One  Stoddart,  keeper  of  Clerkenwell* 
Bridewell,  wu  defperately  wounded  by  two 
iT'ibQt  io  the  Spaw-fteldi*  He  it  iince  dead 
)f  hit  woonds,  and  the  coroner*t  lo^ueA  hav« 
irought  it  in  wilful  murder,  by  the  two  looc 

Mdt. 

FnrDAr,  9. 
An  hoofe  In  Pnrk-ftrcet,  Grofveoor^r^uart, 
was  cimfumed  by  fire. 

Sat  nil  DAT,  to. 
Twelve  fhcki  of  barky,  ^*  ^*  valut  •» 
»oot  800  )•  where  coofumed  br  fire^  mtStin- 
md,  near  Soothill,  Bedfordflifr«. 

TUESDAT,    l%4 

An  honfe  was  con^med  by  fire  in  Tooley- 
ftreet. 

£n4e<l  the  fefiioni  at  the  Old  Bailey,  when 
lichudHolt,  forfor||cry,  Richard  Slecombe, 
unior,  for  a  fraudulent  transfer  at  the  Bank, 
[reotge  Betford,  Robert  Paterlbn,  and  Jatnes 
Mace,  for  fereril  robberies^  Hannah  Smith, 
or  robbing  her  sufter  j  James  Wallis,  Jo» 
eph  Waldeck,  tod  James  DoUifoo  for  bor- 
(lary,  received  Icntencc  of  death*  One  was 
entcnccd  to  traofportation  for  foorteen  years, 
hirty-fonr  fof  (evenjears,  fix  to  be  branded, 
md  ievea  whipped. 

Thvksaat,  15. 

Twenty  houfes,  with  barnt,  out-honfes, 
kc.  were  confomed  by  fire,  at  Handley,  in 
>orfeiihirc 

Faioay,  16. 

Several  htindred  quarters  of  malt,  with  the 
pranatiet  AC  the  Fo2-brcwhoufe,  Long- Lane, 
loiithficld,  were  confumed  by  fire* 

Two  -houfes  were  confumed  by  fire,'  in 
^athcrine-fireet.  Strand. 

It  was  agfced,  at  a  court  of  common- coun* 
j],  at  Guildliall,  that  the  Lord  Mayor  (hould 

Sef>t.  J?(S* 


Innte  hisDsnifli  majefty  to  an  enteruinmept 
at  the  Man/ion«>houiie.  The  next  day  he  did 
fo,  in  perfon,  and  his  majefiy  accepted  the 
invitation  fur  the  33d. 

•  Monday,   19* 

The  kiog  of  Denmark,  &c.  fiipped  with 
their  majefHes  at  tHe(^een*i  houfe,  and  after 
fupper  partook  of.  a  grand  ball 

[On  Aug.  19,  his  majefiy  yifired,  tnfaffnn^ 
the  univnr/ity  of , Cambridge,  in  bit  ruiiitg 
drtfs  and  ho^ttf  being  received  by  the  ofiicera 
in  their  fcariet  robes,  after  which  the  vice- 
chancellor  fupped  with  the  king  at  his  ion* 
From  thence  he  went  to  Tadcafler,  WeoU 
worth*caftle,  Vork,  I^edt,  Grinafihorpe, 
Burleigh,  Newark,  Derby,  Chatfwoith, 
Liverpool,  Manche(ler,  the  duke  of  Brtdg* 
water's  canal,  Lctcefler,  Ha»b'orough,  and 
on  the  x:'ih  of  Sept.  anived  at  Oxford  about 
twelve  o*  clock  {  and  was  inflaotly  waited 
upon  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Durell>  the  vice  chan- 
celbr,  with  the  compliments  of  the  onivep- 
fity,  and  to  know  his  majefiy''t  pleafures 
Soon  after  which  the  vice  chancellor  return* 
ed  to  St.  Maiy*s  church,  where  the  beads  of 
colleges,  doctors,  profeflbrs,  pro£^,  an4 
other  membeis  of  the  univcfity,  in  their  pro- 
per haiits,  were  allbmhlcdj  upon  which  it 
was  made  known  that  the  king  had  lignified 
bis  intention  of  accepting  a  degree  ironi  cha 
ooiverfity.  From  St.  Mary  the  vice  chaiw 
cellor,  heads  of  houfes,  &c.  went  !n  procef- 
fion,  attended  by  the  beadles  and  other  offi- 
cers of  the  univerflty,  and  conduced  thn 
king  and  his  retinue  to  Queen's  College,  All 
Souls,  RadclifiEe  library,  public  Schools,  pic- 
ture gallery,  and  Bodleian  library  \  afterwards 
to  Wadhanv  ^«  John's,  and  Trini^  college  | 
from  thence,  through  the  printing*hou/e,  to 
the  divinity  fchool,  when  his  majefty  and 
his  nobles  were  habited,  and  proceeded  to  the 
theatre,  where,  in  full  convocation,  th« 
king  had  the  honorary  degree  of  do4or  in 
dvii  law  conferred  upon  him^  to  which  he 
was  prefented  by  Dr.  Vanfittirt,  the  regina 
profeflbr  of  laws  His  Danifli  Daje%  being 
then  placed  in  the  chancellor's  feat,  his  no* 
hies  were  prefented  with  the  like  degree  by 
tbe  fame  gentleman,  who  having  been  con- 
dtsAed  to  their  feats,  the  phyfician  of  his  ma- 
jefiy*s  houihold  had  the  honorary  degree  of 
do^or  in  phyfic  conferred  upon  him,  to  which 
he  was  prefented  by  the  rcgius  pro.'cffar  in 
ph)fic. 

His  majefiy  entered  the  theatre  amidft  the 
acclamations  of  a  numerous  and  genteel  com'* 
pany,  and  appeared  highly  pleafed  with  tb« 
reception,  very  politely  bowing  as  he  advan- 
ced* Alter  leaving  the  theatre,  his  majefif 
was  conduced  to  Chrift  Church,  and  the 
red  of  the  colleges,,  on  the  fouih  fide  of  the 
city,  'and  appeared  to  be  greatly  flruck  \iHth 
the  elegance  of  the  l>uildings,  /^atues,  pic- 
tures, ^c.^d^c.  txprefiing  the  higheft  (atis- 
fa^ion.  • 

R  r  ^  ftQOL 


Digitized  by  VjOOQI^ 


498  'The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOQER.  Sept. 


From  Oxford  he  ▼ifited  Diccbley-park»  / 
Blenheimt  Woodftock,  Buckingham,  and 
L^rd  Temple*9  at  Stow.  He  hai  fince  vifiied 
Hampton  court  palace^  and  Windfor  ciftlc; 
but  his  jouincyings  are  fo  rapid  and  his  ftay 
at  places  To  (bore,  that  if  he  ii  not  a  youth  of 
more^thin  common  talents,  he  mu(l  have  a 
very  confured  idea  of  what  he  feet :  His  pef- 
fon  and  behaviour,  however,  h»ve  fo  many 
charmt,  fh*t  the  pe'^ple,  every  where,  high 
and  low,  f<^em  captivated  with  him  to  a  very 
.  high  degree.  (See  p.  44 1.) 
FaxDAY  23. 

Sir  Robert  Lidbrokr,  kot.  Locum  Trnent 
(the  righi  ^ton*  tVie  lord-mayrr  being  indtf- 
poCed)  tcgether  with  the  ildermen  and  Hietifis, 
attended  by  the  city  officers,  fet  out  from 
Guildhall  tor  the  Three  Cranes,  the  Lccum 
Tenens  bcin^  in  (he  (l^te  roach,  accnmpa- 
sied  by  deputy  John  faterfon,  Efq;  (who 
was  dehred  to  ad  as  interpreter  on  this  occa* 
lion]  and  the  aldermen  and  (herifTs  in  their 
lefpedive  carriages :  At  eleven  they  embarked 
en  boarw  the  city  bargc>  the  ftreamcis  ^ying, 
a  feleA  band  of  water  muCc  playing  in  the 
Rtrht  the  principal  livery  companies  at- 
tending in  their  rcfpeAive  birges.  At  the 
ftairs  leaoing  into  ^7ew  Palace-yard  a  detach- 
ment of  grei  acie  s  of  the  honourable  artil- 
lery company  attended  to  receive  the  Locum 
Tenens^  aldermen  and  fheriffs,  who,  upon 
notice  of  his  Dani/h  roajefly's  approach,  im- 
mediately hnded  to  receive  and  condu^  him 
#n  board.  As  foon  as  his  majeff  y  entered  the 
bargche  was  Ai^atcd  by  feveral  pieces  of  can- 
non, and  tMc  joyful  acclamations  of  the  fe- 
veral livery  companies,  and  a  vafl  furround- 
ing  multitude-  Jhe  Locum  Tenens,  in 
mder  to  give  h:s  m?jc(1y  a  more  complete 
view  of  the  cit  cs  o  I*ondon  and  Weilmin- 
Her,  and  of  the  river,  and  of  the  feveral 
bridges  thereon,  which,  as  well  as  the  river 
itfelf,  and  the  (hores  on  bo'h  ficfes,  were 
crowded  with  innumerable  fpef^at^rs,  ordered 
the  fla'e  bsrgc  to  take  a  circuit  as  far  as  L?.m- 
keth,  from  whence  fhe  was  Peered  down  as 
far  as  to  the  ^teel-yard  through  the  centre 
arch  of  Wef  miniver- bridge,  and  thence  up 
to  the  Tcnnplc  Stairs,  his  majefty  being  fa- 
inted at  the  New  Brtdge,  both  at  his  going 
and  returning  through  the  great  arch,  by  the 
firing  of  cannon  at  each  (bore,  by  files  and 
drums,  the  fhouts  of  the  feveral  work- 
ffien  above,  and  French-horns  Underneath. 
Paring  the  courfe  of  this  grand  procefliion  on 
the  water,  h's  majcffy  frequently  cxprefled 
himfclf  highly  plealcd  therewiih,  and  hit  ad- 
miration 0'  the  feveral  gre^t  and  beautiful  ob- 
jc^ls  round  him,  and  fometimes  condefcend- 
^  «d  to  come  forward  in  order  to  gratify  the  cu- 
liofity  of  the  people,  who  eagerly  fought  to 
get  a  fight  of  his  royal  perfon,  though  at  the 
£«2ard  of  their  lives. 

At  the  Temple  hit  majeOy  (being  landed  on 
a  platfurm  eie^d  and  matted  on  purpofe, 
and  under   aA  awjHa|  cvvcxW   witk    blae 


cloth)  wat  received  by  feme  ^f  the  bencbea 
of  both  focietiet,  and  condnded  to  the  Mi^ 
Temple  Hail,  where  an  elegant  cold  roJlatka 
had  been  provided  for  him.  H.s  majef  y,  after 
taking  fome  refreihment,  a^d  thankicg  tbj 
two  focieties  for  their  polite  teccptica  aodee- 
ttrtainment  of  biro,  waa  condoled  to  the 
city  ftate  coach,  in  wh:ch  hit  nk.\\s.9y  took 
bis  feat  on  the  right  hand  of-  titt  Locom 
Tenant,  being  accompanied  in  the  coach  by 
hit  ercellency  Court  Bemfdorff  and  Mc  De- 
puty Paterfon,  attcaJed  by  the  tsrord  tod 
mace-bearerv,  followed  by  n'ne  nobleffl^o 
•f  hit  majcfty's  retinae,  and  by  the  at^erme^ 
and  fhertffs  in  a  long  train  of  carriages.  Fro^ 
the  Temple  hit  msjcfty  (preceded  by  tfcc  ar- 
tillery compare  y,  the  worshipful  company  ©f 
Goldfmiths,  the  ci^  laaifbals  on  borfeback, 
and  the  reft  of  the  city  bfficeit  00  foot)  ^»i 
conduced  to  the  manfion-hcufe.  The  fere* 
ral  flreets  through  which  hit  majeffy  pa  'ed, 
viz,  Fleet-ftreet  Lcdgate-hilt  and  Orect,  Su 
Paari  Church-yard,  Chcapfide,  and  tU 
Poultry,  being  crowded  with  an  innumersble 
popubce, '  while  the  wiodowt  and  tops  of 
houfet  were  cquaHy  crowded  with  ^da^prs 
of  both  feicet,  wbofe  acclamatiooty  to(etho 
w'.th  the  ringing  of  bells,  and  the  ihouts  of 
the  multitude,  loudly  exprefled  their  joy  at 
his  majefty *t  pieience,  his  majefty  ezpreffing 
his  furpr'ze  at  the  popoloufiicit  of  this  oty, 
and  hit  fatisfa^lion  at  ibe  klodikcrt  of  the  ci- 
tiaenfl. 

At  the  Manfton  Houfe  hit  majefty  wasre* 
ceived  by  the  committee  (i<pp<Mated  fo  ma- 
nage the  entertainment)  in  their  masar  iie 
gowna^  who,  with  white  wajidSy  ufl^red  bis 
m^jeOy  into  the  great  parlour^  where,  aftet 
he  had  repofed  himfeif  a  few  minutes,  Mr. 
Common-Serjeant  (in  the  abfence  of  Mr. 
Recorder)  made  him  the  tity*i  compUme|V 
in  the  following  words  t 

**  Moft  illuftriout  prince, 

THE  lord-mayor,  aldermen  and  comnKOi 
of  tlje  city  of  London  humbly  b?g  leave  tt 
exprefs  their  grateful  fenfe  of  your  ve 7  ob- 
liging condefcen6on  in  honourng  them  wt:b 
your  prefence  at  the  manfion  ot  tbc:r  ctiei 
magifhate. 

The  many  endearing  tiet  wh'ffa  happtly 
connect  you,  Sir,  with  our  molt  gracioui  fe- 
vereign,  juflly  entitle  you  to  the  refp^A  ac^ 
veneia.ioh  of  all  his  majefty '1  tatthhil  filS 
je^f  s  but  your  affabijit)  and  othtr  pnac£>7 
virtues,  lo  eminently  di^pltyed  dunag  the 
whole  courfe  of  your  relidecct  tmongll  n^ 
have  in  ai  particular  manner  charmed  thcci* 
ticens  of  London,  who  reflect  With  adaibi> 
tion  oA  your  early  and  nncommon  xhxik  d 
knowledge,  and  your  indefatigable  pwfoir^ 
it  by  travel  and  f  bfervatioo,  the  happy  tt^ 
of  wUich  they  doubt  nol  Will  be  long  en- 
joyed and  acknowlec'ged  withta  the' 
extent  of  your  inflaeoce  vnd  command. 

Permit   us.    Sir,    to    expreia    0^ 
wiOid^,  that  ybiir  pcrfMial  ioteicootiii  «tti 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


768.        ne  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.         499 


it  moil  amuble  monarch  may  tend  to  eo- 
xz(t  apd  perpetuate  a  frieodfhip  fo  efTential 
•  the  proteftaDt  iote^ft  in  general^  and  (o 
kf ly  to  promote  the  power,  happinefs  and 
-o^perity  of  the  BritiOi  aod  Danifli  natioos  } 
id  that  the  citizea*  of  London  in  particular 
ay  ever  be  honoured  with  t  (bare  of  yonr 
membrance  and  regard.** 
To  this  compliment  hit  majefty  iT^s  pleafe^' 

return  a  rooft  polite  anfwer  in  the  Dani(b^ 
Dguage,  which,  bv  hit  maje0y*i  perroiflion^ 
at  intcrpre  ed  to  the  company  by  Mr.  De- 
tty  Paterfon  at  followi : 

"  Gentlemen, 
I  am  highly (bnflble  of  the  kindnefe  of  yoar^ 
prefliens  to  jne. — I  defue  you  will  accept 
y  bcft  thaoka  in  teturn ;  and  be  fully  per-^ 
ided,  that  I  can  never  forget'  the  aff<^6iion 
Hrh  the  Brittih  natijon  isplcafed  to  /hew  me; 
d  that  I  /hall  alwaya  be  difpofed'  ro  prove 
f  grateful  fcnfc  6i  it  to  theiri,  and  in  parti-' 
lar  to  you«  gentlemen,  and  this  great>  c  lr>' 
ited  and  flourilhlng  city  which  you  govern." 
Upon  notice  that  the  dinner  wai  fcrved, 
(  majcfty,  with  the  Lxum  Tcnent  on  hit 
t,  was  conducted  by  the  comiiittee  into 
t  Egyptian  Hall,  where  hit  majelfy  conde-- 
jidcd  to  proceed  quite  round,  that  the  la- 
ta (who  made  a  wad  brilliant  appearance 
the  galleiiet)  might  have  a  full  view  of 
I  royal  perfon,  and  all  the  gentlemen  of  the 
nmoO'Couocil  below  an  opportunity  of  pcr- 
lalfy  paying  hini  thetr  refpe^tt. 
Ris  m^je/Yy  being  feated  in  a  chair  of  ftate 
tre  ri^hi-hand  of  the  Locum  Teoeot,  at 
able  placed  upOn  an  elevititm  acroft  theup* 

end  of  the  hall«  with  his  noble  atten- 
)ce  00  the  righ^f  and  the  |ldermen  above 
;  (hair  on  the  left,  was  faluted  by  a  band 
above  forty  of  the  beft  perfurmert,  in  ao 
heftra  fronting  his  majrfty'p  table.  ^ 
[>uri«g  the  dinner  the  following  toads  were 
nk,  being  proclaimed  by  found  of  trua)p«t| 

I.  The  king. 

^  Th«  q^cen,  the  piin^e  of  Waler^  and 
al  family. 

J.    Hit  majefly  of  Denmark  and  Norway. 
^  The  qu  en  and  royai  family  of  Denmark* 
J.  Pfofperity  to  tiie  kingdoms  of  Denmark 
I  Noxw.y,  , 

^fcer  which  his  majeAy  was  pleafed  to  pro- 
&  ihe  fpUowing  tpaOt  which  were  prodaim- 
n  the.fa.nc  manner,  viz. 
I.  Profperity  to  the  Bnti/li  nation. 
I.   Profprrrty  to  the  city  of  London. 
At»  Deputy  Pater'on  had  the  honour  toat- 
i  hia  majefly  a«  interpreter }  Hit  majefty 
3Ugh  h-m  repeatedly  exptcHing  to  the  Lo- 
1  Tencoa  how  much  he  admired  the  g'an- 
r  of  the  Egyptian    kali,,  the  biitliancy  o( 
illumihationk  round  it,  the  ma^'fi  ence  6^ 
dinner*  <^  excellence  ot  the  mufic,  and 
goodo'der  and  decorum  of  the  whvile  e4* 
vionnent. 
LUei  diAAcr  his  ma|ef|y  wu  rt-coaduQed 


in*o  tSe  great  parlour,  where  he  was  prefeot* 
ed  with  tea  and  eof!v«,  and  entertained  with  • 
folot  on  diflerent  inftrumeott  by  feveral  capi* . 
tal  p  rformer*. 

At  eight  hit  majeAy  and  hit  retinue,  after, 
taking  leave  of  the  L  cum  Teoens  and  the 
corporation,  were  ufliered  to  their  coachet^- 
the  committee  going  before  hit  majefty  wKti 
wax  lights.  H:s  majedy  then  rt^turned  to 
hit  apartmentt  in-  St.  James's  PMace,  amidft 
the  fame  trowd  and  acchmations  as  before, 
with  the  addition  of  illuminations  :n  almoft 
evety  window,  that  the  people  might  hav  the 
pleafure  of  feeing  his  majefty  at>  loi\g  at  pof- 
flble. 

The  parliament  it  further  prorogued  to  Nov. 
8,  then  to  fit  for  the  difpatch^of  bilfineft. 

The  convocations  of  Canterbury  and  Vork, 
are  prorogued,  alfo,  to  November  9.— And 
the  parliament  of  Ireland  to  0£l6l)cr  31. 

An  order  of  council  has  appeared  rcquiring- 
the  feveral  perfohi  who  were  gnilty,  kipon  Sa<< 
r\jrday  and  Sunday  the  twentieth  and  twenty* 
firft  days  of  the  month  of  Augiiff  lafl,  of  wil* 
fully  aod  malicioufly  (hooting  at  diveis  o^hcc  • 
perfons  with  fire  arm*,  within  the  Mar/hal- 
fea  prifon,  in  the  borongh  of  Soothwark  and 
county  of  Sorry,  and  thereby  woundirg  (e« 
veral  of  the  f*td  perfoDS,  to  farrendcr  them» 
felvet  with}f)  the  fpace  of  forty  days  to  one 
of  his  majeAy*t  jufticet  af  the  Court  of* 
King's' Bench,  or  one  of  his  m2Jefty*t  juA 
tices  of  toe  peace,  to  the  end  that  they,  and 
every  of  them,  may  be  forthcomirg,  to  an» 
fwer  the  offences  wherevrith  they  (land 
charged  by  the  faid  informations,  according 
to  due  couKe  of  law.     (See  p   441.) 

Several  murdert  have  been^ommitted  ia 
the  courfe  of  this  mx>nth  t  Paniculavly,  a 
miller  of  Kaynham,  in  Shropshire,  murder- 
ed his  wife i  a  farmer  near  Hythe,  in  KSnt^ 
was  poiToned  by  bit  wife  and  her  gu!iant| 
one  Martha  Tibb  nt  wat  piurdered  in  Hack- 
ney Fields,  by  perfens  unknown,  icz,  ice* 
Robberies, 'frauds,  burglaries,  have  never  been 
more  frequent,  and  fatal  accider.ts  have  hap* 
pened  to  many  peifonr. 

On  Aug.  29.  Lord  Rotetou-t  embarked 
for  his  govemmentof  Virginia  (See  p.  483.) 

Lately,  a  chi:n  pamp,    on  «jiew  con'truc* 
tion,    wat  irird  on  hvard   his  maJjefl^*&  (hip 
Seaford.  in  RIock-heu'e  H  Ue, '  whtch  gave 
great  fat  tfa^ion.     There  were  preicJit  A''- 
miral  Sir  John  Moore,  a  number  oftfca  oflii^ 
crra,    and    a    great    m4ny   oih«r  :fpe€)atoit. 
The  event  of  rh<»  trill  nandt  as4oll^v/a: 
Ttie  Niw  PtJMP,  Mi.  Colesy 
(Wo-ked  with  men,) 

'*  Four  men  pumped  out  one  too  if  water 
in  43  \  feconds. 

Two  men  pumped  out  one  'on  in  55  fee. 

ThcOLDPuMP. 

Seven  men  pumpid  out  one  ton  in  76  fe* 
condt.-^Four  men  pumpt-d  cut  oce  ton  iu  Si 
lecond*.     Two  men  couli  not  move  i^'" 

Shc:borne>  Stfpt.  5.  On  Wtdocfday  laft 
K  r  r  ft  thcic 


Digitized  by  GcX)gle 


SfiO  ^<r  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.        Srp 


tkere  wm  obiCuvcd  ia  Uamtm,  ia  tbt  (oiiiity 
of  Devon,  an  app«»nace  in  tb«  «ir  af  a  Uiit 
>«Uof  fire>  which  |r*datl|y  p«flt4  urith  » 
tnio,  zni  its  exploiTon  was  liki  thu  of  a 
fliy  rocketi  witb  «  fulphureouf  fiDd\  On 
Thorfday  morning  tbeic  wat  a  violent  raln» 
^hich  laAed  four  or  irt  hour«»  which  raiiei 
the  watert  at  the  bri<f|e  at  the  l#wtr  part  of 
the  town,  broke  down  walU  tnd  fences  tnd 
ran  \^^2t  the  vindowi  of  many  hooiet,  car* 
vying  away  gooda^  tfc,  partkiilarl^  Ideft 
Maynard)  barnt  and  (nook*!  wool|  oilS|  and 
other  fModi,  honflioU  ltirn:|ure,  tee.  At  a 
dwellir^  near  by»  where  wa«  a  maa,  hit 
wife,  aud  (everal  children  up  ftain*  the  wa« 
ter  nndcrmioed  thojchtttneyt  which  fell  and 
•  hfoke  in  the  roof,  and  the  woman  waa  killed 
OQ  the  fpoc^  prondcnttally  the  others  >ircre 
preferved,  by  being  dog  out  of  tho  mtiii. 
Had  it  happeaed  1^  a2ght»  far  greater  dA* 
flMf(«t.  woold  andoabtedly  have  been  done* 
and  maay  ltvea^ft«  The  flood  was  ihe  great- 
•ft  here»  aad  i^tha  adjacent  viilagefl,  that  hat 
heen  known  ia  the  memory  of  .faaiu  Mu^ 
br|dge»hive  been  carried  away. 

Newcaftle*  Aog.  a;.  A  few  days  ago  at 
two  mca  were  paffiog  throogh  I«9ag-Bentoa 
ahurch-yardf  they  obfervediboie  bec^rifiogoat 
of  the  groQod,  and  havtof  a  fpade  with  them, 
oneof  thcnSf  nrarely  out  of  cariofity^itiack  the 
'  fpsdc  idto  the  gioood«  and  fiadiog  the  beet 
como  oot  thicker  the  deeper  he  dug.  he  ceo* 
tinned  digging  until  he  uneapeAcdly  came  co 
a  cofiin  (thart  beihg^  no  fimilitDdie  on  the 
IpoC  of  any  grare)  v^hioh  one  of  them  Aruck 
with  the  fpade^  and  it  immediately  moMlder- 
e4  into  dbft  :  they:  then  observed  a  lamp  of 
honey  comb,  ^ahidi  oot  of  them  «oatched  up, 
tod  in  .breaking  tha  fame^  found  a  human 
Hcoll,  in  the  cavity  of  which  tho  btot  had 
maJe  the  honey* 

Edtnbofghf  Aug^  ay.  One  William  Har- 
riei,  at  Ayr,  it  taken  into  cii^ody*  at  the 
inftanro  of  the  Thiftle  Banking  Coo^>any> 
^Ufgow,  who>  from  very  firoog  circum- 
ftaacee^  appears  to  be  ptineipaJiy  concerned 
1^1  t  Ufa  forgery  of  their  notett  and  a  great 
namber  of  the  hngtd  notit  aie  found  in  hit 
poifMRotit  Thefe  forgad  notea  made  their 
irft  tppearaad^  at  Haddington*  where,  on 
Monday  hft,  a  petjba,  in  the  habit  of  a  gen- 
tleman, paired  off  a  very  great  number  of 
them%  He  pot  op^  in  the  eveiung  at  an  ina 
in  that  place,  and  ac^aainted  the  landlord  of 
Jkit  having  received  coaitdevable  payments  is 
Glafgow  notes^  which,  were  of  no  oifeiaEeg*- 
Ignd,  whither  he  wttgpi}if«  aod>  begged  hit 
^^ance  in  getting  gold  or  fidinhorgh  aoteiy 
which  he  pretended  would  do  at  Newcafile, 
The  landlord  obligingly  did  hit  ntmoOj  aad 
jmt  only  his  own,!  but  all  he  could  raife 
among  his  firtaeda  wat  ctrricd  off  by  thtt  im< 
poflor.  He  went  lowtrdf  England  aeat  day, 
i>id  the  fihte  day  %kt^  ibrgery  wae  dii^oveted,' 
lot  too  late  to  apprehend  htm,  though,  from 
t  packet  ffAt  by  him  to  the  poft* office  at 


Haddington,  tha  gbovc  iQiottaat  ttm 
has  beta  made. 

Dublin,  Aug.  to.  Tlu  luimber  of  m 
of  land  in  CogUnd  S^-t^i? 

la  Wtlet  mm  m*  5>19^is 

Total  j^^t;* 

behad  St  imnpnted  at  1 1,042.^ 

Note,  Th^t  all  the  bogi  and  moontaiu  i 
Ireland  were  left  oat  of  the  forveys  df  is 
aod  that  thereforei  u  109Q  acres  ot  Id 
pltatatton  matfare  do  make  i6sq  E&f^ 
■crtt,  Ireland,  taking  in  the  faid  uatmt^ 
hogs  Mid  mooataias,  suit  be  at  Jargc  j 
EngUad,  Wal't  egcepted. 

The  duke  01  Bedford,  has  thtt  marth  fi 
ftted  IreUnd,  a^  heeo  ioftallcd  rkitroln  1 
Trinity  College,  Dobiia. 

Charlas-Town,  Julf  t.  Eight  traa%aq 
with  about  eighteen  hundred  Qraeki  ad 
other  chn(Hant  from  Smyrna  god  the  ftadiui 
partt  of  Eutope,  fldlied  ia  tne  caktn  (^ 
vincty  o&vu,  coflbe»  cottaa,  Uc.  areaniid 
It  St*  Auguftine  under  the  diredioo  0^  ft. 
Andrew  TomMi*  ui  older  to  ^tte  the  baa 
to  ^aft-Florida,  granted  to  tb^t  (tttkaa 
and  othert  concerned  with  him 

The  royal  hofpltalof  Crveawkh  is  J» 
maica^  foddeoly  took  lire  on  the  |atka 
July,  fappofed  by  Itghtenini*  aodia  t(et 
Boora  was  reducc4  to  a  he^p  of  xmAS,  baS^ei 
the  otmoft  efforts  of  hii  ma}efiy*s  feise^ 
Mcooiaged  by  the  preieace  of  tha  adoMnl  v 
(ave  it.  The  aavy  and  vi^aalliag  ftn 
were  at  the  Cimc  time  in  great  44Pe<l  ^  ^ 
ingdeflrofed. 


MAaaiAatt  ^  BioTat. 

Joly  9S.O  I  R.  William  Be<(,  hart.  *; 
C7  married  to  ftf  ifs  Jackibo— & 
Hinckley,  to  Hifs  Ann  Barry — 30*  Tbesi 
Dawfon,  Ef<|)  to  Mxt.  Holmes^  rclid  «f  ^ 
late  admiral. 

Aog.  ft.  Mr.  Jqha  Dayit,  to  ITift  Sa^ 
Woodo>ck.  (See  p.  a  1 5O  — i^  Tamo  M 
feV  Efq;  to  Mi  ft  DeUmotte^BeoTaraifi  Km 
ney,  Efti^  to  Mift  Pomeroy — 15.  JohaGw 
Efq*  to  lady  Beaumont,  reh^  af  Str  G«i^ 
->2%.  Chtiflopher  Bethel,  %(^  p  ta 
Mifi  Sandyg— Heneage  Cegge,  Etigj  ^«^^ 
late  baroa  Legge.  to  Mifs  Mufgrove, 
ter  of  Sir  Philip—^.  Thomas  So 
Cot,  £(q}  toMtfs  AooeThiftlethwaittj 
.  September  ii.  Francit  Ooning,  IST 
Mift  Gifl^d— Tho*  Steaib,  E%  to 
Pegge-^19  William  Grove,  Efq';  10 
tucy  Sneyd-*Sir  Jvh?  Lyndfav,  hart,  m 
Milner— so.  Robert  RyAam,'  Efqg  t«  J 
Chipp— aa.  Themai  DeUvali^  E%|  tt  t 
Watdm,  a  7$^oool.  fortune. 
*  Lately,  bir  Gv(^  ftoyotoii,  hart,  i 
Mtry  Rebltthwayta,  daughter  of  James  ^ 
<  thwaitt»  of  Bridlington*  Y«rMh.  :E%- 


■  Digitized  by  VJOOQ IC 


Mahriaos^  onA  Births;  Diaths. 


1768.      Maiiriaoi»«»^  Births-,  uiATHs.      5^1 

cow— >hn  Lawfon,   Efiii  •^^y,,5?_°  w«i' 


Hewr;  of  Brougij-hall.  «  yo»lf^««*  ,*?'^ 
to'Elitabeth,  dau^Httf  of  the  bit  W«lum 
gttiilbrick,  of  SukrKfirick  in  Unwihuf, 
Efq;— Jtmet  Dolio.  Bf|j  to  Mifc  Jeffer|— 
.  Joiua  Eamanfon,  R^J  to  MiCi  Potw. 
•^  Aug.  at.  VifcoUiUfsDowntwttdelivned 
of  %  daatbter-Lady  of  boo.  A(heion  Cor- 
^n.  of  t  daughtjr^io.  Lady  CouKcnay,  of 
»  (bo  and  bjir-Lady  of  the  wchbifluip  of 
York  of  t  d*'  thier,  ^,  r 

Sept.  a.  Lirfyjtf  Mr.  Ser)ptnt  OJyn,  of  • 

i^ely.  Mrt.  CUfCfing.  of  Cajely^  in 
lJorthi»mb«rIan4»  of  »  ^^^l^^^J^*'  ^'K 
(6tu  of  a  ron-^VifcoontcTi  CUu-WiUum  of 
H  daughter- l-i4yM^»wc«  of  a  fon~Jr«ij 
Winifred  C3r.t>-;Ble*  of  a  dau€btet--l.ady  of 
l^metStcuvc,  ^  »*  or  a  dau^t^^J'-^S^^^f 
5  D^HiUtorr  •  daujhicr~Mr».  Hotbam, 
pf  Nortcik.(!.i  ..,  of  a  fo.>--Counie(a  ol 
LaiKftoroush  of  a  daughiM— Lady  LouiiA 
fciayioo.  of  a'T>n,  Vileounteft  >icelyo^  of  a 
|oar*-La«if  Hc|  '►ton,  oT*  foo^Lady  Bimijh- 
t0n  of  a  daijg.  ter-Udy  EH*.  Weniyft  of 
^  <on«->|«a<iy  $^fao  Lambton,  of  a  (on* 

An^  1. W  rO  HT  Ho^   L«ly   l>ow.g«j 

14   Harvey,  motbw  of  the  ^arl  ^f 

jrtilolwt:  Moil  Rev.  Pr.  Tb*mai  ,»«cker. 


Kfi|J-J[:ob»»^odci»j»f  ?f«<**j;?^»^*'.^fjt 


jbrf  trcb6ft»op  of  Canterbwy,  at«a  '•▼^^  laod— R«v.  Mr.  JoHa  l*»o<»ay.  >  «»»; 

iNe,  (^  p.  439.)-My  5^^°^*^ Vw..Sr  J*™«^  Cunln^bam,  Bfc|  go»crnof  of 

keatac;  inCuiribefland-^.  Bffl.  WlHtlW^,  loCpillU  —  Mia.  Phl^pt,    wife   of  j 

-^k  lii*  WKitfield.  the  methodifl  prcacb-  bkf.^.     vo.,    ^   i^L^h.   s«ac  Wan 


wi^t  Mr.  Whitfield,  the  methodift  pitJcb 
tf^w.  Peter  CoUinibn,  ««!»?.  *  ?.  agod 
fcvtnty-five,  ytW  koowp  in  the  learned 
wortd'-Tbe  celebrated  Dr.  John  Hoxbaro, 
gr  Plymouth,  whoft  VrrMng*  are  in  ocat 
Meem^i4.  R^gbi  hon.  the  maTcbfoneft  of 
fcamarvOD-17.  Re^-  Kathiniel  Lardner, 
dId.  «cU  Known  by  hii  mioy  learned 
Workft  in  fupport  df  Chriftltnity,  of  whitfh 
be  wai  a  real  ornament— Afrr.  Battys,  daugh- 
fgr  of  $M  phirlei  Palmer,  ba«.-  20.  Rev, 
iCr*  Spence>  prebendary  cf  Durham,  and  prOii 
f^fy'  of  modern  hiftory,  Oion.— Mrt.  Prit- 
ebard.  the  celebrated  aftrefs.  (Seep,  2^1.) 
—Mr.  Jamei  Abrec,  printet  at  Canterbm 
l-f4.  Cilbtft    Thornton,    of   Aouthwark, 


-r-it.  Mdy.riancaClc**^  fift«»of  tbe< 
of  MoHMtfUKU^  4V  Talbot,  daughter 
of  TbowaifeVal    V^M^tmt^ti*  WiUiam 
Cayiey,  Ww  ^W*  M^Mnftoiiftry  ««fe« 
Lately.  Oi?At»r#  A^  tke  mht  boo.  Enc 
Vtbecland,  e^^o^^wTia'M  bid  Dnffut-^ 
Right  boo.  the  ea^rioE)^>m(riaa  and  Siatf— 
Tho.  Cbdwicki  of  <%ttton,^  Dejbi^    l^J 
^Matthew  HoBOnMr  of  iNi^n,  Hanu,  E(iu 
•^cv.  Mr-  IMfit, IWPbendaryof Chioheftefp, 
j^.  .Paiil  Foudrioicr/  Bqs    ^^^   *    ^w- 
wea>er^Paul  Sa4lflr*  Bfq»  •  bamder  at  law^ 
--WiHiam  Bouchiei^     of   .Qe?eo'»f<waii» 
^Ib;-.  Robert    Peoytoiic^    of    BtoomflMiry* 
Biq;r-J^ev,  Dr.  Hayward,  w«dcn  of  New* 
Cj!le«,  Oaon,  by  a  fall  from  hit  horte-* 
tadyGor'mg^  mother  of  Sir ,  Chat  lei,  ageA 
too--Phfrip  Joaon,  of  Barnflej^  Hania,  Bf<|f 
—John  DanKT,  «%»  onpi«  to  tord  MUton, 
aged  QC—Luke  SingUtep,     of  Qloiieeae^^ 
EJ^-Re*.    Dr,  Mather,   roaor  of  White* 
cb*w>el-HQo,  Benjamin  Talker,  prrfideat 
of  the  councU  in  Mar)|Und-.Pearce  A'Cowrt^i 
E^%i'  Ute  member  for  HeytcOwry— Sir  Geo, 
Trcvelyan,  bart#  fiicceeded  by  bit  eldjft  loa. 
now   fir  John   Trcrplijeo*    bart.—Thoou* 
Shadw^ll^  V  Sw€kv»eU,    Eiqs— Weph  fc^ 
tart  of  Lcadcnhall  ftwec,  Efsi-^Weut.  coU 
Carrngtoo,    oi  the  city    Trained   Baodt— 
Right  iion.  lord  chief  btnw  Waie»,  oflrc- 
land— Rev.  Mr.  John  Liodtay,  >  nonjeror-. 
«     .    .    j^    «.r_.   ^^„-^^.  <»f  {evcr4 
ThoflMt 


Phippi,   Efqi 
Wika. 


of  Lei^b,  sMiWaMUoaei^ 


Bcca-sriAftieAi.  P»ir»aM»iitf. 
«  E  V.  Mr.  Thretfell  it  prcfented  to  lb« 
fV  rcabry  of  C^nham,  Lincolnfliire— 
Oeorge  Watfon,  M.  A.  to  the  vicarage  of 
HHE^rftone,  Wiha— John  Cooke.  M.  A. 
to  the  Hving  of  Swillood,  Suifclk— Mr» 
Pote,  to  the  living  of  St.  George^  Sooth- 
watk— Mr.  Woodefon,  to  the  vie*rage  of 
Wtnbafton,  SufWk-  Mr.  Tong,  to  the  tt^ 
tory  of  WcfterfieW,  Suflfolk-Mr.  Ivenjrd, 
to  the  vicarage  of  Darfingham,Norft>lk--Mr« 
Fcky»  w^the  leaoiyof  St.  Peter's,  »^efar<l- 
ihirtJ-Mr.  SavreU.  to  the  itflory  ^f^^^ 


rr**-  '^^^mV:!^^i  wU!KSir.;«-     ron7l«ck.lMr?Page,  to  the  ehapUJnry  jf^ 
KU'-"^-^^^^^^   W'.,if^olynei«,jflid     fMgk 


reftory    if  Hemingby,    Lineoln(bire-;Mrw 
gkin,  totheKviDgof  Seihtm,  Sofldt-* 


Eon.  Lady  Abergavenny.  , 

^  Sept.  c.  Algernon  Stdoey,  Efqi  ^onof  the 
Ute  Wilftam  Perry,  Efq;  by  the  hon.  Elilf. 
Sidney,  neice  and  coheir  of  JoceRne  Sido«-y, 
far!  <Jf  Leiceftcr— WilUam  Stewart,  Bf^ 
kiM^t  remembrancer  in  the  court  of  Ex- 
chcjutr  in  Scorland-H^cekiab  W.Uter  of 
V.ncoln'i.m*n,  ^rq5-7-  ?<*;"**  S|ephenfon, 
Iff;  late  governor  of  Bengalis.  J^hn 
J||irkaky^  fi%  clerk  of^^^entosm  the  ft. 


Ke^t->Mr,  Fletcher  to  the  vicangeof  W»- 
twhey,  WUti-Mr.  Clarke,  to  the  reao^T 
of  Bierley  in  the  Mool«,  YofklWH^Mr. 
Perris,  to  the  vicarage  of  Royfton,  Hert- 
fOrdftiiie-hlV.  Boyei,  to  the  vicatage  of 
Dundiicl,  Norfolk— Mr.  Hardiiifc  to  a  pre- 
bend  Of  WoTCtRer-Mr.  Chtmbeciaiae  to 
the  Kviogp  of  Creffiogham  and  Bodney,  ia 
NofibUb-Mr.  gaow  p    the    'j^oiy   of- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


502  EcdefiafttcMlFirtfermentssPrmotUks^  t£c.         Scpt^, 

Broughton-Rff^it,   Wilrt— Dr.   Berkeley,  to'  CouttAll,   to  hold  the  vxtlrage  of  B^nfida, 

•  prebend  of  C.i  tetbirry—Mr.  Kcylctr,  to  and  reftory  of  BurwaOi,    SufTcx-^WaiUia 

the  vicarage    of  Worlcfill,    York  (hire -Mr.  Cha6n,  M.  A.  to  hold  di  reftory  of  Ua- 

D:»dfworfh,  to  the  vicirajEc  of  Calne.  Wilti—  '  linch,  Dorfctfhire,  ani  vicarage  of  St.  Mary, 

Mr.   SmvM,    to   the   vicarage  of  Illington,  Taimlon^Mr.  Pixwtll,  to  bold  the  vkangcA 

MidHlcfex— Mr.    Whartoff,    to  the  vicarage  of  kcomhe    and  GrThley,   Worcefter&ire-^ 

•f  Shalford,    Wilt  —Mr.  WtrburJon,  to  the  Mr.  Fiiber,    to  hold  the  leOoriei  of  Wct- 


iTchdfaconry  of  Norfolk — M-.  Hayhne,  to 
the  rctlory  of  RotkUnd,  St.  P^ler,  Norfolk 
•^Mr.  TrufTtrl,  fo  a  pfcbend  of  St.  Pau!*i 
London- Mr  Lonfdia'e.  to  the  vic^rige  of 
Darfieid,  Yorkftitre-— Mr.  Morris*,  to  the 
viearage  of  Spurton,  Lciecfterfhi ;  6^Mr. 
Collint,  to  the  vicarage  of  Swifficfd,  ^ilts  — 
Mr.  Simmnndi,  to  the  viearage  of  St.. Mary,' 
Lekefter—  Mr.  C  'le^  to  the  rectory  of  Eynef- 
bury,  Hunr. — Mr.  Hjfle,  to  the  rectory  ot 
Barton,  Stiff' Ik— Mr.  MaiTey/to  the  rectory 
o*Co»rt«7,  Wi'lo — Mr.  Birt,  to  the  rccrory 
of  Lilling'^one-Lovfl,  Dorfe«/hire~Mr.  Slur-' 
gc?,  to  a  prcbcud  of  S-.  Paul*  — Mr.  Gabriel, 
to  the    living   of-Barkhim,    Snffolk— Mr. 

iirne*,  was   cfettcd",   funday  lecturer  of  St. 
!tchae''a  Cornhill— Mr.  Moore,  lecttirqr  of 
St.  S?pu!c*ire,   ^now-bill. 

Rev.  William  Stanton,  M.  A.  it  prc- 
fentc<  to  the  living  of  Molron,  Northamp- 
tnnfhirc— Mr. 'Walker,  td  the  living  of 
S'4«|'bridge^»orth,  Hertford ftiiri-^IWr.  Arnold 
to  the  r^awy  6f  Dowdefv^ell.  Glourerter- 
fliT— Mr.  Chaptnan.  to  the  reiftory  ot  Bath' 
.^MK  Brambcr  to  the  vicarage  of  Wellir.g- 
ford,  Northatnptonlhire — Mr.  Evan?,  to  the 
reftory  of  Sylvington,  Salop— Dr.  Stebbing, 
♦o  the  rtftory  of  Beac^ntileld,  Bucks— Mr. 
Huff^e  to  the  rcftory  of  Befcombe,*  Wilts— 
Dr.  Cope  to  the  fub-deaneryof  Weftroiiifter-A*^ 
Mr.  Talbot  to  tbe  living  ot  St.  Gtlrs,  Rdid- 
iog~Mr.  Hif:ks.Paul,  to  the  re^ry  ot  Caie- 
w.ck,  Yorkfliirc— Dr.  Hirrifon,  to  the  rec- 
toiy  of  Hcyfoid,  Oxtordlbire— Mr.  Buckle  to 
the  rettory  of  All-Saiuii,  N..r«»ich — Dt» 
Wake,  to  a  prebcod  of  Wcflminftcr — U^. 
&h#rp«  to  a  prebend  of  Durham  — >Mr»  Wark 
sn«n,  to  the  living  of  Earfdon,  Norfolk  — 
Mr.  Romnev.  to  the  vicarage  of  Bcrwick-r 
Kcv.  Mr  Benfon,  to  the  archdeaconry  of 
DuwQr««Mr*  Smy-h,  to  a  prebend  of  Gtou- 
ceftcr— Dr.  GJark  to  the  vicarage  of  WiH>d- 
ntAK>nH>gb,  near  Sindwicii— H  >n.  and  Rev. 
J^mei  York,  to  the  living  of  AUhiilows  the 
Great,  London— Mr.  Temple,  to  the  vicarage 
or' Ad4io|thani,  in  Cumberland  — M;.  Watii, 
to  tlie  Vicarai;eof  DcrfiagJiaro,  Norfolk— Mr. 
All'ord,  to  flier'c^ory  of  Wefton-Zovla f.d,  m 
Sonierfcniire— Mr.  Fieeman  (othe  vicarage 
Holr,  Wiitt— Mr.  Keaie  to  rbe  vcar<-geof 
Liverton,  SomcrfciO)tre-«Mr.  Nevi'toni  to 
the  liv  ng  o*  St.  Joho*»,  Norwich —Mei&i, 
Marriottc  and  Svrajinr,  are  chofen  joint  lee- 
turcri  of  Sr.  Luke'-f,  OlJ-ftreet— H-.v  Mr. 
Granr,  le£lurer  o'  St.  Le 'nard'j,  horecitch. 
A  difnenlacion  paifcd  the  fcals,  to  •enable 
R'-v.  Hrnry  Whitfield,  M.  A.  to  hold  the 
rectory  of  St.  M-irgArer,  L  thbury,  with  the 
vicarage  of  Alvde/i    EiTcx— To  enable  Uti^ 


l^utford,  and  Littk  Torrington,  Devon — Mr. 
Hollingbery,  to  hold  the  vicarage  of  Salef- 
hunt,  and  re^ory  of  Wiachelfca,  Sofia-. 
Ut,  Kewcome,  to  hold  the  reaoriea  of  Lara- 
berburft,  Kent,  and  St.  Mildred  ia  tbe 
Poulkry,  L6n^on~Mr.  Snundert,  to  boM 
the  vicarages  of  Farnlngham  and  ^ewiogCoB, 
K.c\it. — A  dtfpenfatioo  gaffed  the  fral  to  eno- 
blfc  the  rev.  William  Radley,  M.  A.  to  koM 
the  rectories  of  Bifiiop-Wcarmouth,  Darkam, 
ahd  Ingram  in  Northumberland. 

FrffOTf^r  London  Gazittk. 

\l^itebair,  June  21.  Rev,  Jot.  Deftac 
Boorke,  M.  A.  is  prefented  to  the  ^v^ntrf 
of  Kilhjoe  ;  Mr»  Jamet  Dho^,  10  the  dem* 
nery  of  Down,  and  Mr.  Robert  Wgh,  totlu 
deanery  of  Elphin,  all  in  Irel^d 

July  2  John  Thomai  LLD.  to  (be  deanery 
of  VVeihninfter,  in  the  room  of  the  bi/kof 
of  Rocheider,  who  refigoed. 

St.  Jamet 'i,  July  s*  M'«  William  Stock- 
WGod,  to  a  pit  bend  of  WeftmioAcr— Miw 
William  Arden  to  a  prebend  of  Worccfler. 

Whiteba*|,  Aug.  iz.  Hon.  and  Right  R«vt» 
Dr.  Frederick  Comwalli^  b>d)(*p  of  L  tcfaficM 
«Qd  Covrotry.  \%  appointed  Archb-Aiop  of 
Canterbury^,  in  t^e  loom  ol  tlie  late  Dr« 
Seeker. 

PiOMOTioKs,  Civil  tf«/ Militafy. 

Froas /^  LoNOON    CaZ£TTB. 

WHITEHALL,  May  18.  WilHaa 
Obiien  Efqj  ia  appoittted  fc  retary, 
ai^d  proyoft  marihal  of  the  Bermuda  ttlanda>^ 
William  Langham,  of  RamU>urVsManor,  ia 
Wilti,  Efq^  and  Elisabeth  his  wife;  an4 
^eir  ilTuc,  are  enabled  to  talu  the  oaxcc 
and  arms  of  Jones.  , 

War-office,  June  11.  Col.  Rdbert  Wat- 
Ton,  it  appointed  aid  de-camp  to  the  k^ng^- 
Sir  Frederick  Evelyn,  barr.  licut.  and  1  eut, 
col.  in  the  ift  t^oop  of  horfe  grenadier^gu^rds, 
and  papt  ',Adanc,  major. 

Whitehall,  June  14*  Rt.  Hon,  Rickaii 
R'ghy,  is  ai>poip,tc.4.paymafter  of  h'?  forcft— 
J 8.  Jamr^  G  enville  j>nd  1  aac  Baire,  Et<qn. 
and  the  Vrco^nt  CUrc,  joint  vice-treafueers^ 
&c.  of  Ireland.  - 

S:.  James*!, ^  June  16.  John  Hatfell, 
Eftq;  unocrclerlc  <  f  the  Houfe  of  Commoiu, 
in  the  room  of  Tho.  Tyrrwhit,  Ef(^j 

Wh'ichall,  June  ai.  Jamet  Nugent,  of 
Donore,  in  Ireland.  Efq;  is  created  a  beroott 
of  (hat  kingdom— Edward  Loftu',  Efqi  ind 
Juhn  Freke,  EA);  alio  barone  t  thereof. 

St.  James'r,  June  29.     L(>rd  Cithcart,  ai^d 
Sir  JofcptvYoike,  were  fwoin  of  the  pnvj* 
,  council.  ^ 

Whitehall,    July  i,     Dttdlcf  Akstn^tfw 

&idae| 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


1768. 


F  Q  R  EI  G  N  vA  F  F  A  I  R  «. 


50i 


Sydney  Coibja  ECi5  J.»  created  Lord  Sid,ney,. 
of  liix,  baron  ^f  St radhilly  :  Abfahati; 
Creighcon,  £rq^|>]^rv  ^J-ne  of  Crum-caftfe, 
in  the  couqtf  9JfjTii^inanagh :  And  John 
Eyre,  Ef^j  baronEfrcV  E;frc  courf,  in  the 
coanty  of  Galway,  in  IrAw'tj  — 12.  The  L^rd 
Chancellor,  firil  commiffi  >ner  of  the  treafury, 
prefident  of  the  council,  firft  commiflioner  oi* 
the  admiral^,  the  principal  fccre'ary  of  ftate, 
Che  chancellor  of  the  Ecchequer,  the  bifhoo 
of  London,-  the  futveyor  and  auditor  general 
€>f  Amerca,  Soame  Jenyni,  Ed^^'d  Elior, 
George  Rkc,  John  Roberts,  Jcreoiiah  Dy- 
fon,  William  Fitzherbert,  ano  Thomai  Ro«> 
biafon,  Efq;  arc  appointed  commifConera  for 
trade  and  plantations — Richard  Phelpt,  Ef.]; 
provofi-tnarflial  of  the  Leeward  lilandt  — 
Henry  Ecclei,  Efq;  attCfrifey-general  of  Bar- 
badoes— John  ChrlAopher  Hp^er^f,  Efqj.  fe- 
crrtary  of  the  province  of  Quebec— 2 3 .  Wil- 
liam Moore,  Efq;  fjlUciior- general  of  Bar- 
bddoes. 

Whitehall,  Aug.  1.  Edward  VKc.  King- 
flon,  oflrJand,  it  created  earl  of  Kingflon, 
in  the  county  of  Roicommon — John  Lord 
Mount-Eagle,  Vifcount  Weftport,  of  the 
county  of  Mayo — Ralph  Lord  Goie,  Vifcount 
BcIleiOe,  of  Belleifle,  in  the  county  of  Fer- 
managh— 13.  Norborne,  Lord  Bo:etourt,  it 
appointed  governor  of  Virgin! »  in  the  room 
of  General  Amherft— Charles  Price,  Efq;  it 
created  a  baronet  of  Great-Britatn— 30.  Hon. 
Robert  Walpole  it  appointed  fecietary  of  the 
extraordinary  embaffy  to  the  moft  chriftian 
king — John  Marfh,   Efq;  conful  at  Malaga, 

Sept.  17.  George  Mercer,  Efq;  lieuT.gov. 
«f  North-Carolina— '20.  A  licence  it  grjinted 
to  Thoma?  Scott,  of  London,  merchant, 
and  hi>  heirs'^  to  take  and  ufe  the  naTiC  0/ 
Jackfon,  in  addition  to  the  name  of  Scott« 

From  thi  rtji  •fiht  F^ftn^ 
B^ajor  Gen.  Salter,  it  appointed  firfl  m-^jor 
•f  the  ift  reg.  of  Foot-guards— Lr.  Col.  Gcrs, 
rol.  of  the  6tft  reg.  of  foot^Major  Gen. 
Urmflone,  lieut.  col.  of  rhe  rff  reg.  of  Foot- 
Guards;  bon.  col.  Philip  Sherird  'iscond  ma- 
jor, and  hori.  col.  Georgr  Lane  Parkfr,  third 
major— <'oI.  Hall,  Jieut.  col.  Col  Whiftd 
fii^  major,  and  Col.  Hudfon,  fecond  major 
•  of  the  third  regiment  ot  ditto— Major  Gen. 
Grey,  col.  of  the  ihirty-fcventh  regiment  of 
foot,  late  StcwraVt't— Lieut.  Grn.  Armiger, 
foveraor  of  Languard-fort — Col.  Robert 
Boyd,  Heut.  gov.  of  G  brtlftr— M^jor  Whit- 
more,  licut.  col,  of  the  firth  legiment  of  foot, 
and  lord  Robert  Ker,  major  -  Francis  Li<^ 
cellet,  Efq;  to  be  Jieut  col.  of  the  eighth, 
and  William  Moore,  E^q;  majcr— C  ;pt.  Mac- 
kenzie, major  of  the  ^ift  regimrnt  of  foot. 
Major  Gen.  Greme,  col.  of  the  19th,  Alex- 
ander Maitland,  Efq;  col.  xii  the  49tri,  M3. 
jor  Gen.  Oeare,  of  the  '  2d»  Major  Thomas 
Braec,  majji  of  the  60th,  and  Caot.  Brom- 
^9  jsajor  of  t;he  Cxd.-^Col.  Miiafter,  go- 


▼cmor  of  St.  Philip'i,  Minorca— Robert 
Wtlmot,  Efiji  fccrctarv,  &c.  16  the  governor 
of  Bengal — Dr.  L?e<^t  is  chofen  phyfician  to 
the  LondovHofpital — Wjlliam  iVfoorc,  Efqj 
is  appointed  follicitor  general  of  B^rbadoes-^ 
Thomas  Gray,  Efqj  LL.  B,  profefTor  of  mo- 
dern hidory  in  the  univerfity  of  Canabr^dgc 
—Mr.  Franklin,  lieut.  gov.  of  St.  Johs's, 
in  the  3«y  of  Fundy— Kaac  Defchampf,  Ef^j 
chief  ju(l)ce  of  the  faid  fettlemenc.-;— Alex- 
ander Sym  Ton.  Efq)  judge  0/  fice  admiralij 
at  Grenada,  &c.  &c. 

;    FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 

CONSTANTINOPLE,  Angufl  1.  We 
have  received  advice,  that  the  Ro/Hins 
have  cfnonad:d,  and  forced,  f^word  in  hand, 
the  to^vn  of  Balta,  in  the  Lifter  Tartary,  ii^ 
order  to  cirry  off  fome  PoHJh  cbnfcderarcs, 
who  had  taken  refuge  there.  Thlt  newt 
hat  caofed  a  great  fermrntation,'  at  fcveral 
Turkt  and  Tartart  loft  their  lives  on  the  oc- 
cafion.  Preparation!  are  making  to  ftcure 
the  frontiert,  and  put  the  emp  re  in  a  fiate 
of  defence.  The  porte  has  fcot  ordert  to 
Romelia,  for  the  troops  in  that  province  to 
■march  rowardt  the  N  eHer,  who  are  to  be 
joined  by  a  large  body  of  forces.  Six  com- 
manders of  irregular  troopt  have  had  ordera 
to  raife  6coo  volunteers.  The  DgehcliTima- 
riotes,  «rho  are  «ot  fubjcft  to  perfonal  fer- 
vice,  arc  ordered  to  fend  their  fubflitutes  5 
and  this  corps,  which  it  calvalry  it  reckoned 
at  60CO  men. 

On  the  2  3i  and  24th  large  bodict  of  Ja- 
nifTaries,  an4  other  forcrs,  emlarkrd,  in  the 
port  and  on  the  canal  of  the  bjack  S;a,  for 
Varna,  from  whence  they  are  to  be  fent  to 
the  frontiert.  A  number  of  tentt  and  a 
quantity  of  ammuniti<  n*  were  p  ^t  on  boani 
at  the  fame  time.  The  b  fhaw  of  Choczim 
fet  out  on  the  25'h  for  hi  government, 
ind  carried  with  him  a  large  qu.^niity  of^ 
money. 

Warfaw,  July  28.  Though  the  revolt 
of  the  pcafanis  of  the  Ukrain';  is  annihilated 
yet  another  of  the  fame  kind  is  arifen  at 
Moxyr  in  Lithuania,  on  the  part  ot"  the  pei- 
fantt  of  the  Orctk  teltgion  there,  who  com- 
mit all  fortt  of  erceflcs.  They  have  already 
murthered  levcral  gentlemen  together  with 
their  wives  and  ch  Idrrn  ;  and  have  vowed 
the  death  of  the  StaroJt  of  Moryr,  whom 
they  arc  furrounding  on  every  fide  in  hit 
own  territorie.",  and  it  it  feared  he  will 
penth  by  their  hands. 

Warfdw,  Augutt..ip  The  infurreftion« 
an<l  difordert  wh  c{i  defol-rtc  the  kingdom 
arc  f!i||  encfeaftng  ;  tbf Vpeoplc  become  mots 
and  more  exalpcru^eti ;  a^d.fhp  grcatelt  part  .• 
of  the  ptoTinces  fe*l  a' I  rhe  mufk  ttrrible  ef- 
fect of  ^  civil  war.  Gnmer.^are  fo  much  \ 
'•/the  more  frequent,  it  they  -are  committed 
with  impunity  ;  the  cribuoids  have  09  longer 
-       f  any 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


FOREIGN    AFFAlfti. 


504 

•By  a^thort^  |  and  we  diftover  erery  Wberc 
the  traccf  of  a  rul  anare)^     (Sta  p.  444.) 

Warfawy  Aogaft  tj.  The  con^edetattf 
•f  $indu  hiTe  betn  defeated  by  the  Ruffians 
Vftwcaif  Peirieow  and  Prgedbors  j  iso  mea 
weia  flain  in  the  •Ckioa,  80  nude  jrifboeni 
tad  the  reft  difperfed. 

Wariiiw,  Ao(.  a4«  Pilnce  'PrMovow- 
Wi,  jD»jor>gancnil  of  the  troopi  of  the  cm* 
f feiGi  of  Ruffia,  it  arrived  here  with  the 
jMwt,  that  the  city  of  Cracow  wat  taken  by 
aflault  on  the  I7ch  inft.  The  attack  began 
at  two  in  the  moming ,  aixi  lafted  foar  hours* 
The  foldien  were  not  allowtd  to  plunder* 
I  The  confederates  caade  prtToncrs  wsea  3000, 
tULi  500  Roffiaoa  were  Hain.]    (See  p.  443, 

444) 

Piocskoy  A«tgvft  t4.  The  peafanti  of  the 
Vkraiae,  who  were  accomplices  in  the  (irft 
tevoltp  have  been  pat  in  irons,  and  are  fen- 
feoced  to  work  on  the  fortifications  for  life. 
Three  hoiylrcd  are  to  be  tibt  to  Watfaw,  one 
iiondrcd  to  Lemberg ,  and  the  fame  number 
to  Kamtniaak»  the  laft  of  which  places  is  p«c- 
tiBg  into  a  date  of  defence*    (Sec  p*  443  J 

Warlawy  Aug.  30.  The  king  has  lifucd 
mniveiMs  lor  the  convocation  of  the  dyet, 
tke  opening  of  which  he  has  fixed  for  the 
7th  of  November  next )  the  dyetines  which 
arc  to  precede  k  are  to  be  held  the  ayth  of 
September,  and  the  general  dyetine  of  Pnif-  , 
£a  op  the  ibth  of  Oaober. 

Vienna,  ^^*  3*  ^u'  ^^  advices  from 
.Conftantinople  afinrt  us^  thst  the  |rand  feig- 
Bior  hath  declared  war  sgsiflft  l^uffia  with  all 
the  formalities  afual  on  foch  an  occafion^ 
They  add,  that  (he  grand  vislr  hath  declared 
fo  the  minlAer  of  their  imperial  and  rqyaT 
Aajdfties,  that  this  war  wiU  be  earned  oa 
.  fligainfi  Rnffia  only* 

Drefde^,  Sept.  17*  A  new  order  of  kaight* 
Iiood  has  been  eroded  by  the  prince  adminif- 
<tratdft  and  tweoty-fiz  knights  thereof  have 
keen  created. 

FranHintoatheMaynf  Aug*  14*  We  iiave 
joft  received  advice  a/  the  death  of  the  prince 
of  HefliB-DaoiiiUd»  prioea  biihop  of  Aqgf- 
houfg*  By  this,  event  prince  Clement  of 
Saxony,  aicbbUhop  .of  Treve^  who  was  co« 
adjator  to  the  dsccifcd,  obtains  a  third  bi* 
fioprick.  ,         ,     ' 

'Rome,  Aog>  *4^  The  heat  of  the  wea* 
tker,  of  which  there  if  not  yal  the  )tiA  dlffii* 
nation,  has  been  greater  thWimimer  tbaa  It 
was  in  the  year  17  )t.  A  drop  of  saia  has 
not  fallen  for  near  nine  months. 

Madrid,  July  KO*  On  tfaeiift  inftsottha 
ADguflines  of  Spilimbterty,  the  Bencdi£liiios 
of  Nonantola,  and  the  Minors  of  Final,  had 
aoticc  to  quit  tbeir  hoofes  within  three  days| 
and  we  ate  alTured  that  tbtftean  other  fmall 
.'convents  in  this  docliy  have  been  fupprefled. 
tach  of  the  monks  is  to  have  fix  icquinsilo 
4afny  his  travelling  expenees. 

Midiidi  Augufi  9*  The  hio(  haih  liTued 


Sept. 

hri  ordinance,  prehibitmf  tht  iraponation  of 
aft  forts  of  linen  md  cotton  dahs,  either 
fainted  or  prinlod|  toco  any  of  the  pons  of 
this  monarchy*  As  there  are  great  qoaatitiea 
in  fivers  magaeinOi,  ^i  k\h%  has  granted  to 
the  prtjjprietors  of  them  the  term  of  two  yeaio 
to  fell  them  in.  In  order  that  the  king's 
fiibje^s  may  not  be  deprived  of  this  fort  of 
merchandice,  fevesal  manufidories  for  print* 
ing  cotton  are  cfiabliAied  id  the  provinces  of 
Catalonia  and  Arrtgon* 

E*tr^  •/  s  i^ir«r/ress Newfchatcl* 

'*  Some  of  the  aflrafiins  of  Mr.  Oandrtl, 
late  advocate  fcnera]  of  the  king  of  Prsffia 
at  Neofchsuli  have  been  broke  opon  the 
wheel,  hanged  in  effigy,  and  the  reft  of 
them  bantflied  the  country.    (See  p.  331.) 

The  five  following  articles,  by  way  of  po* 
niihment  to  the  iatisfaaion  of  his  P^umaa 
majefty,  have  been  impofed  upon  the  city  of 
Ncoenbourg.  i,  Thst  the  cidseiff  who  wei.c 
on  the  aid  of  May  left  difaimed  by  the  garri- 
fon,  (half  remain  fo  for  a  twelvemonth  longer* 
a*  That  the  genadier  company,  with  their 
commiffiooed  and  non-coauntffioned  officers, 
ihsll  be  difmifted  and  abolUhed  for  ever*  3*  * 
That  the  four  minifters,  and  the  magiftntea 
of  the  city  of  Ncunbourg,  ihall  come  to  tho 
caflle  together,  and  there,  in  the  pfcicnca 
of  the  delegated  minifter  and  plenipotentiary, 
baron  de  Darihaw,  the  v  ce-goveioor^  and 
with  the  reft  of  his  Praffian  majefty's  coon* 
fellors  of  ftate  aflembled  on  porpofo  00  thia 
occalion,  beg  pardoa*  4.  That  the  city  not 
only  fliall  pay  all  the  expenees,  as  well  what 
IS  required  to  maintain  the  auxiliary  troops, 
but  alfo  make  good  10  the  widow  of  the  bte 
maflacred  M.  Gaodot,  the  damage  flie  fuf- 
tained  by  the  popnlsce,  as  well  in  the  hoofo, 
at  furniture.  5,  The  four  laudable  cantons 
of  Bern,  Locetn,  Friboorg,  and  SoHuthem, 
gnaranty  and  promifo  thst  this  fstitfadion 
ibaU  be  evccoted.  In  this  manner  the  nfbit  if 
Neufchatcl  has  been  fettled  and  finished ;  it  it 
alfo  agreed  to  make  it  known  to  the  public, 
iaordet  that  it  msy  fofve  for  an  anfwer  to 
the  various  fcurriloni  papers  and  libels,  pob- 
Jiibcd  by  the  news- writers  of  Himbourg  fropk 
time  to  time,  with  a  view  of  impofing  on  the 
public,  and  artfully  eodeavooriog  to  coaceal 
the  truth.*' 

Paxil,  Augttft  19.  We  are  informed  frota 
divers  interior  pirts  of  this  kingdom,  that 
the  price  of  grain  xnd  other  provifiiaas  is  aoa« 
fidcrably  dimfnilbed  {  and  it  is  certain  that 
the  king*sadiA,  which  fronts  an  unbounded 
liberty  to  export  and  import  corn  in  all  our 
ports,  hath  beep  prodottlve  of  falotary  ef- 
fe£l8.  This  edi^  is  the  fate  snd  beft  encon* 
ragemcat  for  agriculture  )  and  it  it  an  incon* 
teftible  ttoih,  that  plenty  and  cheap  matketa 
are  the  fruits  of  the  freedom  of  commerce  § 
whilo  foascity  aod  dearncft  are  the  coofor 
^ueiices  of  reftraint  aod  prohihitfoo* 

^or  Co(ficanacwtfocp.  49^ 


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I 


The  London  Magazine 


Or,   gentleman's  Monthly  InteUigcncer  y 
For     OCTOBER,     1768. 


The  Biulfli  Theatre  5*7 

Addrefsto  the  Freeholders  of  Mid.  51 1 
Entertainment  given  by  the   Duke  of 
Nortliumbcrland  ibid, 

A  proper  Caution  511 

The  Hillt  ry  of  the  kft  Se/Tion  of  Par- 
liament, w:c.  &c.  513  —  519 
Nature  and  Cure  of  the  Croup         519 
Table  of  Saxon  Gold  and  Sjirer  Corns 

511 
Remarks  on  Teeth-Powders  and  Tinc- 
ture* 5T» 
Dcfcript.  of  a  new  fenfitive  Phnt     ^i\ 
Account  0i  the  Murder  and  Murderer 
of  Abbe  Wink' em  an  524. 
The  Do<5irine  ot  O.ithit  confidered   526 
Encomia OY  on  Patriorifm  x,i% 
Sentim''iits  on  Tcleration               ibid. 
Method  of  (fifening  the  Cold -Fit  pre- 
ceding a  Fever                                  5-9 
Reinei'.y  for  a  Phrenzy                     jbi  ;. 
An  excellent  reftrirgcnt  Balfim      530 
Qnrry  rrom  a  Country  Curate         Ibid. 
A  Hint  to  Counfiy  Fjrniers            ibid. 
Obfcrvaiion  on  the  Horie<Cheftnut  531 
Soiution  of  a  Mathenvatical  Qiiflt.  'ibf<i. 
Enquiry  into  the  Caufcs  of  tiie  late  in- 
Cltment  Weatiier'  53S 


Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V.  53 '"^537 

Letter  to  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Britifh 
Colonies  5^g-*54.i 

Refol.  of  the  Inhabitaoti  of  Bolton  54.1 
Procir^mation  from  Gov.  Bernard  542 
Magnificent  Cavalwade,  he,  il>id. 

Specimen  of  defireable  Advertifcmerts 

...  5*5 

Petition  againfl  Oav.  Bernard  544. 

Total   Lofs  of  Memory  vviLliout   ajiy 
vifiMc  Cviufc  545 

Tn]ury  by  modarn  Fa fh ions  546 

DtlLT.ptJoa  of  an  Indian  Boat  ibid. 
Account  of  the  MifqiKfr^ide  547 — 549 
Cure  for  the  R  jt  iu  Sheep  549 

PO  t  T I C  A L   E S  3  A  Y  &,  549  —  5  5 1 

A  new  Song  ftr  to  Mjfic  551 

Au  Inipartioi  Review  of  New  Pub.  551 
Extract  *'ro:ii  a  philutbpliical  Survey  ui 

the   Animal  Creation  i!)id. 

From  tVt  State  of  the  Nation  ccnfi- 

dercd  554 

Tui  Monthly  Chronot,o^er  55S 
Marriages  aini  Births  ;  Dcaihs  ibid. 
Eccleilailic.Tl  Prefvrir.cnts  ibid, 

FoRRidN  An-Aias  553 

Monthly  Bill  of  Aiortaiity  ibid. 

Stock-s,  Grain,  Wind,  and  Weather  506 


'And 


Witl,  a   Continuation  of  tlic  Rond  froui  London    to   K".rsTCi., 

a  Front  Vi£w  of  the  Earl  of  W>-stmorela«d's  Houfe  in  Kent; 
both   finely  engraved. 


L  O  N  D  p  N :'  Printed  for  R.  Baldwin,  at  No.  47,  in  Pater-noft^-r  Row  5 

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THE 


London  Magazine^ 

For     OCTOBER,     1768. 


THE   BRITISH   THEATRE. 


HOUGH  we  arc  pret- 
ty well  informed  that 
the  managers  of  both 
theatres  have  feveral 
new  pieces  in  readinefs 
for  the  fervice  of  the 
prefent  feafon,  yet  the 
only  one  which  has  hitherto  made  its 
ai^pearance  is  the  Padlock,  a  petit  mu- 
fical  piece  of  two  afts  by  Mr,  Bickerflaff. 
The  fable  of  this  little  opera,  as  the 
author  acquaints  us  in  an  advertifement 
prefixed  to  the  publication,  is  taken 
from  the  Jealous  Hufband  of-  Don 
Quixote,  and  tho*  fome  variation  was 
fteceflary  to  render  it  dramatic,  Mr. 
Bieherftaff  fays,  the  chara6lers  remain 
untouched  from  the  inimitable  pencil 
of  the  original  deOgner— the  c^ief  ad- 
dition which  he  has  made  to  the  ftory 
Is  the  circumftance  of  the  Padlock, 
and  the  four  laft  lines  of  the  piece, 
which  are  borrowed  from  Prior,  fuifi- 
ciently  point  out  the  place  from  whence 
this  circumftance  is  taken. 

^bi  Characters  are^ 
Don  Diego  Mr,  Bannlfier 

Leander  Mr.  Vernon 

](/eonora  Mr/.  Arne, 

Mango  Mr,  Dibdin 

UrfuU  Mrs,  Dorman 

TbeVfi^h^if  this:  ' 

■  Don  Diego,  a  rich  old  gentleman  of 
Salamanca,  falling  in  love  with  Leonora, 
a  beautiful  young  creature  of  very  poor 
parentage,  enters  into  an  agreement 
with  her  father  and  mother  to  take 
her  home  with  him  for  the  fpace  of 
three  months,  engaging,  either  to  re- 
turn her  to  them  fpotlefs  with  a  pre- 
fent of  two  thoufmd  pilloles,  at  the 
expiration  of  the  limited  period,  or  to 
nake  her,  as  he  himfclf  txprefTei  it, 
Jjis  true  and  latxiful  ivi/Jr.-  -The  reafo;i 
of  this  engagement,  Don  Diego  informs 
the  aunience  was  to  give  him  an  Op- 
O^oberi  1763. 


portunity  of  being  acquainted  with  Ibe 
temper  and  condu6l  of  Leonora,  which 
turning  out  to  his  wiQies,  he  deter- 
mines to  marry  her,  and  is  preparing 
to  fet  out  for  her  father's  when  the  fee ne 
opens,  as  the  action  commences  oh  the 
laft  day  of  the  three  months. 

During  Leonora's  continuance  at 
Don  Diego's,  though  ihe  was/ichly 
drefled  and  fplendidly  entertained,  (lie 
was  totally  deprived  of  liberty,  except 
the  ufeofthe  garden,  and  the  indu!- 
gence  of  going  to  mafs  very  early  in 
the  morning — this  circumftance  ren-» 
ders  Leonora  extremely  diflatisfied  with 
her  ficuation,  and  though  fhe  drives  to 
entertain  a  tender  regard  for  Don  Die- 
go, yet  the  difparity  of  their  years, 
and  the  Jofs  of  her  freedom,  will  fuffer 
nothing  beyond  the  fcnfations  oi^  a  cold 
gratitude  to  approach  her  heart  --fuch 
being  the  cafe,  Don  Diego,  who  is  na« 
turally  jealous,  at  his  going  out  of 
town  to  Leonora's  father,  to  com- 
plete his  engagement,  leaves  the  keys  of 
his  houfe  with  Urfula,  an  oKi  woman 
who  is  his  principal  fervanf,  and  gives 
her  moft  pofitive  orders  to  let  no  crca- 
ture   witjiin  his  doors    till  he  comes 

back.' Urfula  promifcs  to  execute 

his  commands  whh  the  Itriiteft  atten* 
tion,  and  he  fets  off  in  perfe^  fecu- 
rity:-.But  recollefVing,  that  notwith- 
(landing  his  great  opinion  of  Urfula's 
prudence  and  attachment,  it  is  ftill 
poflible  (he  may  be  either  indifcrcet, 
or  corru^jt,  he  determines  to  a^  up- 
on certainty,  and  therefore  claps  a  pad«> 
lock  on  the  outer  gate,  the  key  of 
which,  together  with  a  malter  key  of 
all  the  other  doors,  he  carries  along 
with  him,  and  bids  an  abfoiute  defi* 
ance  to  accident. 

He  has,  however,  fcarccly  fet  off, 
before  Leander,  a  ftudent  oi  the  uni- 
ver(ity  at  Sahnunca,   who  had   ittn 

%  %%  \  {<eonor<i 


■Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


Bot 


The   British   Theatre. 


oa. 


Leonora  frcqtJCfttly  at  church,  and  in 
the  habit  o?  a  p\lgrim  had  told  her  hy 
his  eyei  that  (he  had  made  a  perfect 
conqucft  of  hh  heart,  appears,  dreft 
like  a  beg§ar>  with  a  wooden  leg  and 
a  gnittar— In  this  charafler  he  has 
for  fome  lime  cultivated  an  acquaint- 
ance with  Mungo,  a  negro  fcrvant  of 
Don  Diego's,  from  whom  he  receives 
an  account  of  all  the  old  gentleman's 
motions.- -Leander  ftrikei  up  a  tunc 
on  hit  guittar,  which  immediately 
hrings  bis  friend  Mungo  to  the  win- 
dows, and  (oon  after  Urfula  and  Leo- 
nora, attracted  by  the  found  of  the  mu- 
fic,  come  to  the  window*  likcwife.— In 
a  little  time  Leander  grows  fuch  a  fa- 
vourite with  Urfula,  that  (he  liftens  to 
the  negro's  defire  c.f  admitting  him, 
and  the  moment  die  finds  her  maftcr 
had  fo  far  doubted  her  conduft  as  to 
clap  a  padlock  on  the  gate,  ftie  bids 
Leander  go  round  by  the  garden  wall, 
and  conveys  him  by  that  way  into  the 
houfe— having  thus  obtained  admit- 
tance he  foon  thro?i^s  off  his  difguife, 
and  prevails  with  the  powerful  retho- 
ric  of  his  pwrfe  upon  Urfula  to  fuffer 
his  addreflcs  to  Leonora  :  During  this, 
Mungo,  who  has  tailed  of  Lcandcr's 
bounty  as  well  as  Uifula,  prepares 
fupper,  but  makes  himfelf  drunk  in 
the  cellar,  and  while  all  are  in  the  moft 
tinfufpefting  ftate  of  fccurity,  Don 
Diego  enters  in  the  dark,  groping  his 
way  and  delivers  the  caufe  of  his  re- 
turn in  the  following  foliloquy. 

Die^.  All  dark,  all  quiet,  gone  to 
bed  and  fail  afleep  1  warrant  them  j 
however  I  am  not  forry  that  I  altered 


returns  hojne,  he  probably  finds  difor* 
der,  and  perhaps  (hame.  But  what 
do  I  do — I  put  a  padlock  on  my  door, 
ajid  all  is  fafe. 

Don  Diego's  agreeable  reflefl'ons  are 
however  foon  difturbed  by  the  appear* 
ance  of  Mungo  from  the  celler }  but  as 
the  reader  will  pofiibly  wi{h  to  have 
an  extradl  from  the  piece  itfelf,  we 
(hall  giye  the  cataftrophe  as  it  ftandf 
printed  in  the  opera,  and  we  are  pcr- 
luaded  the  fample  which  we  produce, 
will  rather  quicken  than  abate  the 
public  curiofity  for  the  antecedent 
parts  of  the  performances 

SCENE    VL 

Don  Diego,  Mungo /rom  the  Cellar^ 
tuitb  a  FLaJk  in  one  lUuid^  anJa  CaJt" 
die  in  the  other. 


Tol,  lol,  lol,  lol. 

Hold,  did'nc  X  hear  a  noife  1 

Hola, 

Heavens  and  earth  what  do  I 


my  firft  intention  of  naming  out  the    hie- -hie. 


Mun. 

Difg. 

Mun. 

Dieg. 
fee! 

Mun^.  Where  are  you  young  mafTa, 
and  raify  ?  Here  wine  for  fuppen 

Dieg.  Vm  thunder-druck ! 

Mwig.  My  old  n^aOa,  little  link  we 
be  fo  merry- -hie- -hie--- What's  the 
matter  with  me,  the  room  turn  rounds 

Dieg,  Wretch  do  you  know  me  ? 

Mung.  Know  yot)-- danpm  you. 

Dieg.  Horrid  creature  I  what  roakea 
you  here  at  this  time  of  night  $  is  it 
with  a  defign  to  furprize  the  innocent* 
in  their  beds,  and  murder  them  deep- 
ing ? 

Mung.  ^ufl),  hu(h---makenonoife— * 


whole  night ;  and  meeting  Leonora's 
father  on  the  road,  was  at  any  rate  a 
lucky  incident.  I  will  not  dlfturb 
them  5  but,  fmce  I  have  let  royfelf  in 
with  my  matter  key,  eo  fofily  to  bed  5 
I  (hall  be  able  to  (Irike  a  light,  and 
then  I  think  I  may  fay,  piy  cares  are 
over. 

Good  heavens  1  what  a  wonderful 
deal  of  uneafmefs  may  mortals  avoid 
by  a  little  prudence !  I  doubt  not  now, 
there  are  fome  men  who  would  have 
gone  out  in  my  HtUation  ;  and,  trud- 
mg  to  the  goodnefs  of  fortune,  left 
their  boufe  and  their  honour  in  the 
ca^e  of  an  unexperienced  girl,  or  the 
difcretion  of  a  mercenary  fervant. 
While  he  is  abroad,  he  is  tormented 
^rith  fears  and  jealoulles ,  and  when  he 
.  t 


Dieg.  The  flave  is  intoxicated. 

Mung.  Make  no  ifoife,  I  fa  v  i   dercs 
young  gentleman  wid  young  jady  ;  he  t 
play  on  guitar,  and  (he  like  him  better 
dan  (he  like  you.     Fal,  lal,  lal. 

Die^.  Montler,  I'll  make  an  exam^ 
pic  of  you ! 

Mung.  What  you  call  me  names  (or, 
you  old  dog  > 

Dieg.  Does  the  villain  dare  to  lift  bif 
hand  again  ft  me  I 

Mung.  Will  you  fight  ? 

Dieg,  He's  mad. 

Mung.  Deres  one  in  de  houfe  yon 
little  think.  Gad,  he  do  yovi  bu(inef8. 
>  Dieg.  Go  lie  down  in  your  ftye  an4 
deep. 

Mung.  Sleep  you  felf*  you  drunk—- 
ha !  ha  I  ha !  look  a  padlock,  you  put 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


a  padlock  on  a  door  again,  will  you  ? 
— Ha!  bal  ha! 

Diig,  Did*nt  I  hear  mufic  ? 
■  Mufig.  Hie  •hie— 

Dug,  Was  it  not  the  found  of  a  guit- 
tar? 

MuHg.  Yes,  be  play  on  de  guittar 
rarely— Give  me  hand  5  you're  old  raf- 
cal — an't  you  ? 

Dieg.  What  dreadful  (Hock  tfftSki 
me,  I*in  in  a  cold  fweat,  a  miil  comes 
over  my  eyes,  and  my  knees  knock  to- 
gether, as  if  I  bad  got  a  fit  of  the  (ba- 
king palfy. 

Mwig,  1*11  tell  you  a  word  in  your 
car. 

Dieg.  Has  any  ftrangcr  broke  into 
ray  houfe  ? 

Mung,  Yes,  by— hie— a  fine  yoUng 
gentleman,  he  now  in  a  next  room 
with*  mifly. 

Dieg.  Holy  Saint  Francis  \  is  it  pof- 
fiblf? 

Mung,  Go  you  round  foftly— you 
catch  them  togeder. 

Dieg,  Confufion  !  diftraftion  !  I  (hall 
run  mad, 

O  wherefore  this  terrible  flurry  ! 

My  fpirits  are  all  in  a  hurry  ! 
And  above  and  below. 
From  my  top  to  my  toe. 

Are  running  about  hurry  fcurry. 

My  heart  in  my  bofom  a  bumping. 

Goes  thumping, 

And  jumping, 

And  thumping : 
Is't  a  fpe6tre  I  fee  \ 
Hence,  vani(h,  ah  me ! 

My  fenfes  deceive  me. 

Soon  reafon  will  leave  me : 
y^bat  a  wretch  am  I  de(HiiM  to  be  I 

SCENE    vir. 

MungOy   Urfula,  Leander^  Leon$ra, 

Urf.  O  (hame,  monftrous,  you  drun- 
ken fwab,  you  have  been  in  the  cellar, 
with  a  plague  to  you. 

Mung,  Let  me  put  my  hands  about 
your  neck— 

Urf.  Oh,  I  (hall  be  ruinM !  Help, 
belp,  ruin!  ruin! 

Leo.  Goodnefs  me,  wiiat*s  the  matter  ? 

Urf.  Oh  dear  child,  this  black  villain 
has  trighten'd  me  out  of  my  wits  j  he 
has  wanted— 

Muftg,  We,  curfe  a  heart,  I  wfnt 
potf^ng  wid  hc^>— • 


The   British  Theatre 


509 

Leo,  Urfula,  the  gentleman  (ays  be 
has  fome  friends  waiting  for  him  at 
the  other  fide  of  tba  garden  wall,  that 
will  throw  him  over  a  ladder  made  of 
ropes  which  he  got  up  by. 

Leand.  Then  muft  I  go  ? 
Leon,     Yes,  good  fir,  yei»        » 
Leand,  A  parting  kifs  ! 
Leon.     No,  goad  fir,  no, 
heand.  It  muli  be  fo. 

By  this,   and  this. 

Here  I  could  for  ever  grow  | 

*Tts  more  than  mortal  blife, 
Uon^     Well  now,  goo..  ,;.„i.i  , 

Pray  ealc  our  fright. 

You'ie  very  bold,  fir; 

Let  loofe  your  hold,  fir 4 

I  think  you  want  to  (care  mc. 
quite. 
Leand.  O  fortune^s  fpight. 
Leon.    Good  night,  good  night* 

A.  at    Hark  I  the  neighboring  con- 
vent's bell. 
Tolls  the  vefper  hour  to  ttll  j  . 
The  clock  now  chimes  \ 
A  thoufand  times, 
A  thoufand  times  farewell, 

SCENE   THE   LAST. 

Don  Diego,  Leonora^    Leander,   Urfula^ 
Mungo, 

Dieg,  Stay,  fir,  let  nobody  go  out 
of  the  room. 

Urf.  (falling donun)  Ah  !  ah!  a  ghoftj 
a  ghoft  I 

Dieg,  Woman  Hand  up. 

Urf.  I  won't,  I  won't:  murder! 
don't  touch  me, 

Dieg.  Leonora,  what  am  to  think  of 
this  ? 

Leon,  Oh,  dear,  fir,  don't  kill  me* 

Dit^.  Young  man,  who  are  you,  wh» 
hrtvt  thus  clandeftinely,  at  an  unfea- 
foniibie  hour  broke  into  my  houfe? 
Am  I  to  confider  you  as  a  robber,  or 
how? 

Leand.  As  of  one  whom  love  has 
made  indifcreet  j,  of  one  whom  love 
taught  indultry  and  art  to  accompli(h 
his  defigns.  1  love  the  beautiful  Leo- 
nora, and  (lie  roe  j  but,  farther  than 
what  you  hear  and  fee,  neither  one 
nor  nor  the  other  have  been  culpable. 

Mung,  Hear  him,  hear  him. 

Leand,  Don  Diego,  you  know  my 

father  well,   Don  Alphonfo  de  Luna  % 

I  am  willing  to  fubmit  to  whatever 

punifhment 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


510 

puniflimcnt  he,  through  your  meiM)s» 
(hal!  inflift  ;  but  wreak  not  your  vcn- 
gearce  here, 

Dieg.  Tbui  then  ray  hopes  snd  caret 
lire  ac  once  fruftratcd  j  poflcflerf  of 
what  I  thought  a  jewel,  I  was  dcfirout 
to  keep  it  f©r  myfelf  5  I  raifed  op  the 
walls  of  this  huufe  to  a  great  height^ 
I  barrM  up  my  windows  towards  the 
ftrcet,  I  yvir  double  bolts  on  my 
doors  i  I  baiiifh  d  aH  that  bad  the  iha- 
dow  of  man,  or  male  kind  \  and  I 
flood  connnually  centmel  over  it  my- 
fclf,  to  guard  my  rufpicion  from  fur- 
prize  ^  thus  fecur'd,  I  left  my  watch 
for  oue  little  moment,  and  in  that 
jnoracnt-— 

Lean,  Pray,  pray,  guardian,  let  me 
%ell  you  the  ^ory,  and  youUl  find  I  am 
not  to  blame. 

Dicg,  No,  child,  I  only  am  to  blame, 
who  ihould  have  confidered  that  fix- 
teen  and  fixty  agree  ill  together.  But, 
though  1  was  too  old  to  be  wilv,  I  am 
not  tuo  old  to  learn ;  and  fo,  I  lay, 
fend  for  a  fmith  dircdtly,  beat  all  the 
grates*"  from  my  windowrs,  take  the 
locks  from  my  doors,  let  ejrcfs  and 
regreft  be  given  freely. 

Leon^  A^d  will  you  be  my  hufband, 
fir?  ' 

^ies»  No,  child,  I  will  give  yoti 
to  one  that  will  make  you  a  better 
hulband  J  here  young  man,  take  her; 
jf  your  parents  coment,  to-morrow 
fliall  fee  you  join'd  in  the  face  of  the 
church}  and  the  dowry  which  I  pro- 
mifcd  her  in  cafe  of  failure  on  my 
fide  of  the  contract,  fhall  now  go  with 
iier  as  a  marriage  portion. 

Leand'  Signior,  this  is  fo  generous— 

I>ie^>  No  thanks,  perhaps  I  owe  ac- 
knowicdjcments  to  you  j  but  you,  Ur- 
fuia,  have  no  excuie,  110  palHon  to 
plead,  and  jour  age  (hould  have  taught 
jpou  better.  1*11  give  you  five  hundred 
crowns,  but  never  let  me  fee  you  more. 

Mung,  And  won't  give  me  noting. 

Dieg,  Yes,  baftinadoes  for  ydur 
drunkennefs  and  infidelity.  Call  in  my 
neighbours  and  frjends.  Oh,  man ! 
man !  how  (hort  is  your  forefight,  how 
ineffe^lual  your  prudence,  while  the 
Tery  means  you  ufe  are  dcftruftivc  of 
your  ends. 

After  thia  each  of  the  charaflers  ad- 
drefles  the  audience  in  a  (hort  fong  — 
and  Lcander's,  which  we  have  fub- 
joined,  contains  the  moral  of  the 
performance. 

4 


Th£  British  Theatre. 


oa 


Li.  To  fum  up  all  yoo  now  have  beavti. 
Young  men  ana  old,  perufctbe  baidf 
A  female  truiled  to  your  care. 
His  rule  is  pithy^  (hort,  and  clev. 
Be  10  her  fauhs  a  little  blind. 
Be  to  ber  virtues  very  kind  ; 
Let^.  her  ways  be  unconfio^d, 
Andclap  your  padlock  on  her  iBusi 

This  little  piece  has  given  mnch 
pitisfa^ion  onf  the  ftage,  notwithftand- 
ing  the  author's  inftrumiitu  are  of  mors 
confequence  than  his  agemis^  if  we 
may  fo  exprefs  ourfclves,  or  in  ibli 
plainer  terms«  notwithftanding  Moags 
andUrfula,  who  are  nothing  but  vch>> 
cles  Uy  carry  on  the  bufmefs  of  the 
other  characters,  are  made  coofiden* 
bly  fuperior  in  dramatic  importance  to 
Don  Diego,  Leander,  and  Leooen. 
Mungo's  inftant  retiu^n  ^o  fobriety 
is  alio  a  fault)  but  it  if  a  fault 
which  may  be  eafily  avoided  $  by  omit- 
ting his  part,  of  the  iaft  fong.— Hov- 
ever  the  opera  is  a  fpecies  of  compai> 
tion  which  we  muft  not  examine  with 
too  critical  an  cxa6lnefs  j  and  indeed 
it  ^I'ould  be  a  kind  of  ingratitude 
not  to  make  fome  fmall  allowances, 
where,  like  the  PaMock,  it  affords  a 
very  agreeable  entertainment.  As  to 
the  merit  of  the  performers,  Mr.  Ban- 
nittcr,  in  Don  Dic|o,  was  defervedly 
approved  ;  and  it  is  but  truth  to  ac- 
knowledge,  that  the  univerfal  applaufe 
which  marked  the  performance  of  Mr. 
Vernon  and  Mrs.  Arne  was  as  juftly 
merited. 

In  the  courfe  of  the  late  month,  a 
young  aftrefs  appeared  at  Drury-lane 
houfe,  in  the  character  of  Imogen  in 
the  tragedy  of  Cymbeline ;  and,  if 
we  can  form  any  judgment  from  a  £rft 
eflay,  we  may  venture  to  afl'ure  the 
world,  that  me  will  prove,  efpecially 
under  the  inftruftion  of  fo  capital  a 
mailer  as  Mr.  Garrick,  a  moft  valua- 
ble acquifition  to  the  theatre.— «- Her 
perfon  is  elegant— her  face  has  an  un- 
common fharc  of  fweet  fenfibility — and 
there  is  a  ftrength  together  with  a  har- 
mony in  her  voice,  that  is  capable  of 
prodigious  execution.  — — <  Requifites 
like  thefe,  when  they  are  added  to  fach 
a  judgment  as  this  lady  fetms  to  pof- 
fefs,  afford  a  reafonable  ground  for  ex** 
pedtation,  and  give  us  room  to  hope 
that  another  Mrs.  Cibbe<  will  be  ooo 
ilay  admired  in  Mifs  Youii&« 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Duke  of  Northumberland^  Entertainment.  sit 

certainly  is  moft  capable  of  defending 
it.  You  i^avc  once  exerted  yourfclf  in 
the  caufe  of  Liberty,  and  I  make  no 
doubt,  but  on  every  emergent  occaiion 
you  will  do  the  like.  I  hope  to  min^ 
and  my  country's  fatisfa6lion,  to  livt 
to  fee  the  time  when  Wilkes  and  Glynn 
will  fit  as  brother  members. 

Yours.  J.  C. 


1768. 

Tf  tbi  FnehoUirs  of  the  Omnty  of  Mid* 
dlefex. 
Gentlemen, 

AS  the  ele6lion  for  the  county  muft 
indifpeniibly  approach,    do   not 
3e  coo  haHy  in    your  promifes,    but 
00k  before  you  leap,  for  as  Horace 
ays  :  Etfemei  emijfam^   *volat  tmvoca' 
VtU  'verbum.    Therefore,   the  greateft 
:audon  and  care  depends  upon  your 
:hoice,  whether  you  choofe  a  courtier, 
>F  a  man  fo  publiclUy  known,   for  his 
ibilities  in  proteding  and  defending 
the  caufe  of  our  molt  noble  and  illuU 
trious  patriot.    If  you  clH>ofe  the  one, 
ludoubtedly  you  lie  under  imminent 
danger  continually,   becaufe  he  being 
I  courtier ,^  will  undoubtedly  cling  to- 
other with  the  reit  of  thofe  nobles 
who  compofe  the  pr^fent  adminiftra- 
tioo.     I  have  heard  indeed  that  Sir 
William  ^would  not  fpend  a  farthing 
For  his  election  ;  for  Heavens  fake  1 
wkere  muft  the  mdney  come  from  then. 
Such  things  are  generally  attended  with 
expence :    muft  not  the  money  come 
from  the  treafurv,    or  where  elfe  can 
it  come  from.     The  court  fay  they  will 
fpend  forty  thoufand  pounds  but  they 
will  carry  the  day ;    but  God  knows 
they  can  but  poorly  afford  it  at  pre- 
fent :  Will  you  be  bought  ?  God  for- 
>id    you  fiiould  $    you  have  already 
nade  choice  of  one  able  member,  and 
[  hope  will  make  choice  of  another. 
\nd  I  make  no  doubt  but  you  will. 
know  there  are  feveral  noblemen  can- 
raffing  for  Sir  William :  they  will  ufe , 
heir  utmoft  endeavours  to  obtain  their 
inds,  I  hope  the  freeholders  will  not  be 
>ia(fed  nor  corrupted,    but  choofe  to 
heir  own  wifhes  and  country's  good, 
ir  William  fays  he  has  rep^ented 
hem  for  ieveral  years,    I  ih<faid  be 
lad  to  know  any  one  fignal  f'ervice  he 
id,   when  he  reprefcntcd  them.     On 
be  other  hand  if  you  chufe  Mr.  Ser- 
vant Glyno,    I    am  truly  ienflble  of 
itf  abilities,  and  know  him  to  be  much 
lore  capable  of  that  important  truft 
lan  Sir  William.     Some  of  Sir  Wil- 
am's   hirelings  exclaim  againft   Mr. 
Mlynn  as  being  a  lawyer.     I  fhould  be 
■d  to  know  who  is  more  capable  of 
pt  office  than  a  lawyer.     Have  not 
le  experienced  his  abilities,  is  he  not 

tiverfant  and  groupded  thoroughly 
the  law  of  his  country  ?  he  knows 
date  and  foundation  thereof,  and 


Particulars  of  the  Entertastment  given 
to  his  Majefty  the  King  of  Denmark, 
OH  Friday,  .September  30,  by  their 
Graces  the  Duke  arid  Duchefs  o/"North- 
umberltindi  at  Sion  Houfe. 

ON  his  arrival,  the  king  was  re- 
ceived at  the  coach  door  by  the 
duke  and  duchefs,  and  condud^ed  by 
them  through  the  grand  fuite  of  ne^ 
apartments  into  the  gallery,  where  he 
amufed  himfelf  till  dinner  time.  At 
dinner,  the  company  confided  of  th^ 
king  of  Denmark>  feveral  of  the  fo- 
reign minifters  and  their  ladies,  the 
Daniih  noblemen,  and  fome  of  th^ 
firtt  nobility  of  both  fexcs  of  this  king- 
dom. Three  courfcs  of  whatever  wat 
mott  rare  and  excellent  in  this  country 
were  ferved  up  in  gilt  plate,  follpweS 
by  a  moll  fuperb  and  highly  ornament<« 
ed  defert,  and  a  band  of  mufic  froni 
the  velUbule  accompanied  the  whole. 
After  dinner,  coffee,  tea,  and  other 
refrefhments,  were  ferved  to  the  com- 
pany, which  towards  the  evening  was 
increafed  to  above  two  hundred,  and 
con  filled  of  their  royal  highneffes  the 
princefs  Amelia,  the  dukes  of  Glou- 
cefler  and  Cumberland,  and  many 
other  perfons  of  the  6rft  quality  and 
difiini^lion.  About  nine  o'clock  his 
m-^jcfty  of  Denmark,  attended  by  this 
noble, all'embly,  being  in  the  gallery, 
the  folding  doors  were  faddenly  thrown 
open,  and  difplayed  to  him  a  moK  fu- 
perb and  magnificent  round  templei 
communicating  with  four  open  p.iwi- 
lions  of  Grecian  archlLet^lure,  ert^ed 
in  the  great  inner  court  of  Sion  houfe, 
and  ornamented  with  tranfparent  paint- 
ings 01  the  arms  of  Great  Britain  and 
Denmark,  and  the  badges  of  the  feve- 
ral orders  of  kni^hihood  of  both  king- 
doms, with  feftoon^  and  pyramids  cf 
lights^  and  a  variety  of  c.nblcmatical 
devices,  the  whole  being  illuminated 
-with  upwards  of  fifteen  thoufand 
lamps.  A  band  of  mufic-was  placrd 
in  the  pavilions,  which  on  his  majeft>'a 
appearance 


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5«« 

appeartncei  faluted  bim  with  a  grand 
concert  of  martial  inftr laments.  The 
king  having  remained  here  fome  time, 
returned  by  the  great  hall  through  the 
Yeftibule  into  the  ball  room,  where  he 
opened  the  ball  with  dancing  two  mi« 
nuetSy  one  with  the  duchefs  of  Ancaf- 
ter,  the  other  with. lady  Frances  Man- 
ners; he  then  began  the  country 
dancet  with  lady  Gower,  which  conti- 
nued till  near  twelve  o^clock  j  at  which 
time  bit  majefty  again  pafi'ed  through 
the  illuminated  temple  and  principal 
apartments  to  fupper,  Which  was  ferv- 
cd  in  a  room  over  the  gallorv,  being 
accompanied  there  bv  the  dukes  cS* 
Gloucefter  and  Cumberland,  the  fo- 
reign  minifters  and  their  ladies,  and 
Ibme  of  the  principal  Englifli  nobility. 
The  reft  of  the  company  Tupped  at  a 
range  of  tables  above  140  ftet  in  length, 
in  the  arcade  next  the  garden,  which 
ft  ad  been  iuclofed  and  fitted  up  in 
An  elegant  manner  for  this  purpofe* 
After  fupper  the  company  aflemWed 
again  in  the  ball  room,  and  renewed 
dancing,  from  which  the  king  and  his 
train  retired  between  one  and  two 
o'clock,  and  fome  time  after  the  ball 
ended.  In  honour  of  their  royal  gueft, 
their  graces  had  a  new  road  made  on 
purpofe,  leadin^r  from  the  turnpike 
jroady  in  a  winding  dire£Uon,  towards 
8ion  Houfe,  and  a  new  bridge  laid  over 
the  great  canal  that  furrounds  it. 
This  road  was  lined  with  lamps 
quite  up  to  Sion- Houfe,  which  had 
a  moft  beautiful  effe^^,  and  prevent- 
ed any  accident  happening  aroongfl 
the  numerous  train  of  carriages  that, 
crouded  it  on  this  occasion.  In 
fhort,  this  moft  amiable  monarch 
was  entertained  by  their  graces  with 
that  elegance,  taftc,  magnihcence,  and 
hofpitality,  for  which  they  have  al- 
ways been  (b  much  diftinguifhed. 

Tf  the  AUTHOR   of  ihe  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  R, 

THERE  are  fcvcral  well  meaning 
readers  of  the  London  Magazine, 
who  are  much  concerned  for  Tome  of 
your  correfpondents,  who  have  lately, 
in  a  very  warm  -manner,  difputed 
about  the  do^rine  of  the  Trinity. 
I^oWi  for  my  pait,    I  think  it  highly 


Hints  to  fome  late  Writirs. 


Oft. 


incumbent  on  all  tbeir  friends  and 
well-wi(hers,  a^  well  as  thofe  of  our 
eftabliflicd  religion,  to  deftre  them  for 
religion's  fake,  and  their  own,  to  put 
an  end  to  a  controverfy  on  a  fubjed 
of  fuch  a  myfteriotts  nature.  I  muft 
confefs,  that  my  own  concern  is 
chiefly  for  the  gentlemen  themfelves, 
though  intirely  unknown  to  me,  and 
otherwife  I  (hould  not  )iave  thought  it 
worth  while  to  have  troubled  you  .with 
reading,  nor  myfelf  with  writii^, 
this  letter. 

Dr.  Swift,  who  has  taken  as  (afe  and 
as  proper  a  method  of  expounding 
thefe  arcana  as  any  man,  perhaps, 
would,  in  all  probability,  have  loft 
the  u^  of  his  intellefts  long  before 
that  calamity-  befel  him,  ami  been 
the  firft  moft  proper  inhabiunt  of  bis 
own  hofpital,  ^ad  he  ftudied  and 
wrote  more  on  that  fubjed^  than  be 
did.  Be  fo  good,  iir,  ergp^  for  the  fake 
of  thefe  gentlemen^  and  for  the  fake 
of  common  fenfe,  ,  to  deiire  them  to 
lay  afide  pen,  ink,  and  paper,  for  a 
ieafon,  and  apply  to  the  ^o6toT  in 
time,  in  order  <vinunti  9ccurrere  m^rh: 
In  a  prefcription  t^hat  eminent  man 
wrote  for  Trinity  fund  ay,  there  are 
thefe  words——-"  It  is  highly  pro- 
bable, that  if  God  (hould  pleafe  to  re- 
veal unto  us  this  great  myftery  of  the 
Trinity,  or  fome  other  myftedea  in 
our  holy  religion,  we  ftK>uld  not  be 
able  to  underftand  them,  unlefs  he 
would  at  the  fame  time  think  fit  to 
beft'ow  on  us  (bme  new  powers,  or  fa- 
culties of  the  mind,  which  we  want 
at  prefenti  and  are  reiirrved  to  the  day 
of  rcfurreftion  to  life  eternal.*^ 
Yours, 

Sine  Qua  ■ 

WE  have  obliged  our  readers, 
this  month,  with  a  Plan  ot 
the  continuation  of  the  Road  (lee  p. 
333.)  from  London  to  Briftol»  com- 
mencing at  Marlborough,  and  end- 
ing at  High-Crofs,  Briftol^  with  the 
road  from  thence  to  Huntfpill,  in  So- 
merfctihi  re  t 

Aifo  wirh  a  beautiful  front  View 
of  the  earl  of  Weftmoreland's  elegant 
feat  in  Kent,  with  part  of  the  park. 
(See  p.  ♦|6.) 


The 


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I      I    5    ^1  -^^^^x^Mf/i^D^mn^ 


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.1768.  5^3 

The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  Seffion  of  Padiamertt,  &c. 

T^he  HiJIory  of  the  SiJ/ion  of  Parliament,  'which  hegan'Soy.  24.,  1767*  hfing  the  fervent  b 
SeJ/Ion  of  the  T*wglftb  Parliament  ^^'Great-Britain  j  ivith  an  Account  0/ all  the  mat€* 
rial  ^Jlions  therein  determined,  and  of  the  political  Difputestberebj  occafion(d  fwilb* 
out  Door  J.     Continued  from  / .  46 1 . 


ON  the  26th  of  Nov.  Mr.  On- 
flovir,  according  to  order,  re- 
ported from  the  committee  of  the 
whole  houfe,  to  whom  it  was  referred 
to  conHder  of  the  feveral  a6ls  palTed 
in  the  lall  fe flion  of  parliament,  rela- 
tive to  corn  and  provifions,  the  reloiu- 
tions  which  that  committee  had  dire6t- 
ed  him  to  report  to  the  houfe :  which 
he  read  in  his  place,'  and  afterwards 
delivered  m  at  the  table,  where  ihey 
were  read  and  agreed  to  by  the  houfe, 
and  are  as  follow,  i.  That  an  a^t 
made  laft  fcflion  of  parliament  to  pro- 
hibit for  a  limited  time,  the  exporta- 
tion of  corn,  grain,  meal,  niait,  flour, 
bread,  bifcuit,  and  ftarch,  and  aifo  tne 
cxtradtion  of  low  wines  and  Ipirits 
from  wheat  and  wheat  fiour,  be  conti- 
nued, with  amendments.  2.  That  the 
feveral  provifions  contained  in  the  fe- 
veral aas  made  in  the  laft  ieUion  for 
allowing  the  importation  of  wheat  and 
wheat  flour,  from  his  majefty's  colonies 
in  America  into  this  kingdom,  for  a 
limited  time  free  ot  duty;  for  allowing 
the  importation  of  wheat,  wheat  flour, 
barley,  barley  me.'\l,  and  pulfe,  free  of 
duty,  into  this  kingdom,  from  any 
part  of  Europe  5  and  for  allowing  the 
importation  of  oats  and  oatmeal,  rye 
and  rye- meal  into  this  kingdom  for  a 
limited  time,  free  of  duty  $  and  alfo  fo 
much  of  an  a£t  made  in  the  fame  fef- 
fion,  as  allows  a  free  importation  of 
rice,  into  this  kingdom,  from  his  ma- 
jefty*$  colonies  in  North  America,  be 
continued.  3.  That  upon  the  expor- 
tation of  fuch  rice  as  (hall  be  imported 
duty  free,  the  like  duty  be  laid  as 
was  impolied  upon  the  exportation  of 
rice  imported  duty  free,  by  virtue  of 
fuch  part  of  the  faid  a6t.  It  was  then 
ordered,  thnt  a  bill,  or  bills,  be 
brought  in  upon  thefe  refolutions,  and 
that  Mr.  Onflow,  Mr.  Cooper,  Mr. 
Secretary  Conway,  Mr.  Tho.  Town- 
ihend,  junior,  Mr.  Pryfe  Campbell, 
and  the  Lord  Clare  do  prepare  and 
bring  in  the  fame. 

The  next  day  it  was  ordered,  that 
it  be  an  inltiju^tion  to  the  above  com- 
mittee, to  confider  of  the  importation 

Oa.  1768. 


of  wheat  and  wheat  flour  from  Africa. 
After  which  Mr.  Cooper  prefented  to 
the  houfe,  a  bill  to  continue  and 
amend  an  aft  paiTed  in  the  laft  fcf- 
iion  of  parliament  to  prohibit,  for  a  li- 
mited time,  the  exportation  of  corn, 
grain,  meal,  malt,  flour,  bread,  bif- 
cuit and  Itarch,  and  alfo  the  extrac- 
tion of  low  wines  and  fpirits  from 
wheat  and  wheat  flour  j  and  the  fame 
was  received  and  read  the  firft  time, 
and  ordered  to  be  read  a  fecond  time. 
Which  was  no  fooner  done  than  Mr. 
Cooper,  according  to  order,  prefented 
to  the  houfe  a  bill  to  continue  the  (e- 
verai  provifions  contained  in  all  the 
aft?  made  in  the  lail  feflion  of  parlia- 
ment, for  allowing  the  free  importa- 
tion of  wheat  and  wheat  flour,  barley, 
barley  meal,  puUe,  oats,  and  o^tmeai, 
rye  and  rye  meal,  and  rice  from  the 
parts  therein  mentioned,  and  the  fame 
was  alfo  received  and  read  the  flrit 
time,  and  ordered  to  be  read  a  fecond 
time. 

On  the  ift  of  December  1768,  the 
order  of  the  ddiy  being  read  for  the 
houfe  to  refolve  itfelf  into  a  commit- 
tee of  the  whole  houfe,  to  continue 
and  amend  an  aft  made  in  the  laft 
fefllon  of  parliament,  to  prohibit,  for 
a  limited  time,  the  exportation  of 
corn,  &c.  there  was  prelented  to  the 
houfe  an  account  of  all  the  corn,  grain, 
meal,  malt,  flour,  bread,  bifcuit,  and 
ftarch,  exported  from  England  to  any 
place  whatfoever,  by  virtue,  or  in  pur- 
suance of  any  of  the  liberties  or  pow- 
ers granted  for  that  purpofe  by  an  aft 
pall  the  lart  feffion  10  prohibit  the  ex- 
portation thereof  j  fome  of  which  ac- 
counts were  ordered  to  lie  upon  the 
table,  to  be  pcrufed  by  the  members 
of  the  houTe,  and  the  reft  were  refer- 
red to  the  committee  of  the  whole 
houfe,  to  whom  the  bill  to  prohibit 
the  exportation  of  coin,  &c.  was  com- 
mitted. It  is  proper  here  to  obferve, 
that  the  corn.  Sec,  exported  in  pur- 
fuance  of  the  liberties  granted  in  the 
aft  to  prohibit  its  exportation,  was 
that  allowed  to  be  feiit  to  the  ifl-'s  of 
Jerfey,  Oucrnfey,    and   our  garrifons 

T  t  t  at 


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5T4      5"A^  History  of  the  lafi 

at  Gibraltar,  Minorca,  &c.  The  next 
day  Mr.  Cooper  reported   from   the 
committee  of  the    whole    houfe,    to 
whom  the  bill  to  continue  and  amend 
'  the  a6l  to  prohibit  the  exportation  of 
com  was  committed,  the  amendments 
which  the  committee  had  made  to  the 
bill,  and  afterwards  delivered  the  bill, 
with  the  amendments,  in  at  the  table, 
where  the  amendments  were  read,  and 
agreed  to  by  the  houfe,  and  the  bilU 
with  the  amendments,  ordered  to  be 
ingrofled.     After  which,    Mr.  Cooper 
reported  from  the  committee  of  the 
whole  houfe,  to  whom  the  bill  for  con- 
tinuing the  feveral  provlfions  contained 
in  the  Tad  feflion  of  parliament  for  al- 
lowing the  free  importation  of  corn, 
&c.   was  committed,  the  amendments 
which  the  committee  had  made  to  the 
bill  J  which  were  likewife    read,  and 
agreed  to  by  the  houfe,  and  it  was  or- 
dered,   that  this    bill    alfo  with   the 
.    amendments  (hould  be  ingrofled.    On 
the  3d  thefe  bills  were  read  a  third 
time,  and  Mr.  Cooper  was  ordered  to 
'  carry  them  up  to  the  lords  and  defire 
their   concurrence.     On    the   7lh   the 
houfe   received    a    meflage    from    the 
lords,  that  they  had  agreed  to  both  the 
bills,    without  any  amendment;    and 
the  fame  day  they  received  the  royal 
alien  t. 

Thus  thefe  afts  fo  ncceflary  at  this 
time  to  afford  relief  to  the  people,  on 
account  of  the  high  price  of  bread, 
were  not  only  the  firlt*  entered  upon 
in  this  feflion  of  parliament,  but  paff- 
ed  through  both  houfes  with  unufual 
rapidity,  they  being  brought  in  and 
completed  within  twelve  days,  and  his 
■lajefl^',  who,  from  his  ufual  goodnefs, 
had  warmly  recommended  the  relief  of 
the  poor,  with  refpc6l  to  the  high 
price  of  corn  and  other  provifions,  was 
ib  deiirous  of  fulfilling  this  gracious 
purpofe,  that  he  went  the  fame  day  to 
the  houlie  of  peers,  in  which  thefe  bills 
were  agreed  to  by  the  lords,  and  gave 
them  the  royal  alTent,  though  no  other 
bills  were  ready  to  receive  tf»c  royal 
fandlion. 

Left  thefe  a^s  (hould  prove  ineffec- 
tual, a  ftanding  committee  of  the  whole 
houfe  continued  to  Ot,  to  confider  fur- 
ther of  the  feveral  afts  paffed  in  the  laft 
lefTion  of  parliament  relative  to  com 
and  proviirons,  yirho  confidered  many 
petitions  fent  from  different  parts  of  the 
kingdom  \  and  on  the  7th  (^  Decern- 
4 


Seflion  of  ParliamenN       06L 

ber  a  bill  was  ordere4  to  be  brought 
in,  for  the  importation  of  maize,  or 
Indian  corn,  from  any  of  his  nAajelty^s 
colonies  in  North  America,  free  of  du- 
ty, and  the  next  day  it  was  brought 
in  accordingly,  and  read  the  firft  timr, 
after   which    it    paflTed  through     the 
houfe  in  the  ufual  manner,  and  00  the 
14th  was  carried  up  to  the  lords,  who, 
on  the  iStfa,  fent  to  inform  the  houfe 
that  they  had  agreed  to  the  bill  with- 
out any  ameadment,  and  on  the  ax  ft 
of  the  fame  month    it   received    the 
royal  afTent.    But  though  thefe    a€t% 
particularly  the  two  former  to  preveot 
the  exportation  of  corn,  and  to  allow 
the  importation  of  all  kinds  of  grainy 
duty  free,    undoubtedly   prevented    m 
much  greater   fcarcity  of  corn    than, 
had  been  hitherto  felt,  yet  as  the  price 
of  corn  was    flilj    kept  up,   probably 
by   the  arts   of  thofe  wretches,    who 
deaf  to  humanity  and  every  conlidera- 
tion  of  public   good,    feek   to  enrich 
themfclves  by  hoarding  up  the  nccef- 
faries  of  life,  in  hopes  they  would  be 
ftill  dearer,  and  might  feH  to  a  greater 
advant:)ge,  the  people  were   ftil!    d>C» 
couraged,    and    neither  his   ma)clty*s 
benevolence,    nor    the    afliduity    and 
care  of  parliament  infpircd  that  grati- 
tude which  might  have  been  expected. 
No  a6l  had  been  palTed  to  put  a  flop  to 
that  pernicious  and   growing   cuftoni 
of   monopolizing   of   farms,     nor   to 
force  thofe  poffclTcd  of  a  great  quan- 
tity of  corn  to  bring  it  to  market,  and 
to  thefe  caufes  they  attributed  its  ftiU 
bearing  fo  high  a  price. 

As  not  only  corn,  but  cattle  were 
kept  up  at  an  extravagant  rate,  on 
the  3d  of  December  the  lord  Clare, 
according  to  order,  prefented  to  the 
houfe  a  bill  to  permit  the  importation 
of  falted  provlfions  into  this  kingdom, 
for  a  time  to  be  limited,  duty  free, 
which  was  then  received  and  read  the 
firfl  time,  and  ordered  to  be  read  a 
fecond  time. 

This  bill  pafTed  through  the  houl^ 
of  commons;  but  (lopped  with  the 
lords  \  on  which  the  houfe  was -moved, 
on  the  17  th  of  December,  that  an  ad 
made  in  the  5th  year  of  his  prefent 
maj'rdy,  intitled.  An  A61  for  the  im- 
portation of  falted  beef,  pork,  bacon, 
&nd  butter,  from  Ireland,  for  a  limits 
ed  time  might  be  read,  and  the  fame 
being  reacj  accbrdingly,  it  was  ordered 
that  leave  be  given  to  bring  io  a  bill 

t# 


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1768.     The  History  of  the  laji  Sefllon  ^Parliameat. 

to  continue  and  amend  the  faid  a6l ; 
and  that  Mr.  Brad  (haw,  the  Lord 
dare,  ind  Sir  Jofeph  Mawbcy  do  pre- 
pare and  bring  in  ttie  fame.  Tlie  next 
day  Mr.  Bradfhaw  preCented  thd  bill, 
whi^h  was  received  and  read  the  iirft 
time,  and  on  the  21  (I  it  was  read  a  fe^ 
cond  time  and  committed  to  a  com- 
mittee of  the  whole  houfe.  It  was 
then  refolved  that  the  importation  of 
falted  beefy  pork,  bacon  and  but^e^, 
from  the  Britifh  dominions  in  America 
(hould  alfo  be  admitted  for  a  limited 
time,  free  of  duty,  and  it  was  ordered, 
that  it  be  an  inltrudlion  to  the  com- 
mittee of  the  whole  houfe  to  whom  the 
bill  to  continue  and  amend  the  above 
a6t  is  committed,  that  they  have  power 
to  make  provifion  in  that  bill,  purfuant 
to  the  faid  refolution.  On  the  15th  of 
January  Mr.  ^Paterfon,  according  to 
order,  reported  from  the  committee 
of  the  wHole  houfe  to  whom  this  bill 
was  committed,  the  amendments  which 
the  committee  had  made  to  the  bill, 
and  which  they  had  dire6led  him  to 
report  to  the  houfe  j  and  he  read  the 
report  in  his  plac?,  and  afterwards  de- 
livered the  bill  with  the  amendments 
in  at  the  table,  where  the  amendments 
were  read,  and  agreed  to  by  the  houfe, 
and  it  was  ordered  that  the  bill  with 
the  amendments  be  ingroiled.  On  the 
aoth  this  bill^  ^  which  was  now  intitled 
A  Bill  to  continue  and  amend  an  a6t 
made  in  the  fifth  year  of  tne  reign  of 
his  prefent  majeHy,  intitled.  An  A6t 
for  tne  importation  of  falted  beef, 
pork,  bacon  and  butter,  from  Ireland, 
tor  a  limited  time  \  and  for  allowing 
the  importation  of  falted  beef,  popk, 
bacon  and  butter,  from  the  Britiih  do- 
minions in  America,  for  a  limited 
time,    was  read  the  third  time,    and 

December  3. 

X.  That  16000  men  bt  employed  for  the  fea  fervice  for 
T768,  including  4187  marines. 

«.  That  a  fum  not  exceeding  4I.  per  man  per  mouth,  be 
allowed  for  maintaining  them,  including  ordnance  for  fea 
fervice  -  -  -  - 

December  8. 

I.  For  the  ordinary  of  the  navy  including  half  pay  to  fea 
and  marine  officers,  for  1768 

a.  That  a  number  of  land  forces,  including  1460  invalids, 
amounting  to  17253  effed^ive  men,  commifnon  and  non  com- 
mifTion  omcers  included,  be  employed  for  1768. 

3.  For  defraying  the  charge  of  the  faid  number  of  land 
forces  for  1768 

4..  For  maintaining  his  majefty's  forces  and  garrifons  in 
the  plantations  and  Africa,  including  tbofe  in  garrilbn  at  Mi* 

T  t  t  * 


5^5 

feat  up  to  the  lords.  On  the  16th  of 
January,  the  houfe  received  a  meffage 
from  the  Lords,  that  they  had  agreed 
to  the  bill  without  any  amendment, 
and  on  the  29th  it  received  the  royal 
aflent. 

By  this  a6l  the  importation  of  falted 
beef,  pork,  bacon  and  butter,  from 
Ireland,  is  to  be  allowed  free  of  duty 
from  the  ift  of  February  1768,  to  the 
ifl:  day  of  February  1769  ;  and  from 
America  from  the  ift  of  February 
1768,  to  the  ift  of  May  1769.  But 
one  claufe  in  this  a6l  unhappily  de- 
ftroyed  its  ^ffeft,  with  refpeft  to  /the 
relief  that  might  have  been  expe^ed  . 
from  America;  for  it  exprefsly  de- 
clared that  this  aft,  or  any  part  of  it, 
might  be  altered  and  varied  by  any 
other  aft  or  afts  made  in  this  prefent 
feflion  of  parliament;  whencetheAmp- 
ricans  were  in  a  great  meafure  deterr- 
ed from  fending  provifions,  by  the 
confideration  that  by  the  time  they  ar- 
rived in  England,  another  aft  might 
prohibit  their  being  landed. 

Having  thus  given  a  concife  account 
of  the  pafling  of  thefe  important  afts,  ^ 
with  which  this  feflion  began,  I  (hall ' 
give  the  hiftory  of  the  two  committees 
of  fupply  and  of  ways  and  means. 
Upon  a  motion  being  made,  as  ufual, 
for  granting,  a  fupply,  it  was  agreed 
to  nem»  con.  by  the  houfe  on  the  t8th 
of  November,  when  it  was  refolved  that 
the  hou'*e  would  on  the  2d  of  December 
refolve  itfelf  into  a  committee  of  the 
whole  houfe,  to  confider  of  the  fupply  to 
be  granted  to  his  raajefty,  and  from  that 
day  the  houfe  continued  to  fit  fron> 
time  to  time  till  the  8th  of  Feb.  1768, 
during  which  period  they  came  to  the 
following  refolutions  which  were  agreed 
to  by  the  houfe. 


/. 


</, 


832000      e    7 


416403        O      II 


6oCizi     1%    lof 


porct 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


51 6        The  History  oftUlaft  Scflion  ^/Parliament.      Oa. 

TiorcA  and  Gibraltar,    and  for  provifions  for  the  forces  in  ,    /.  Sm    iL 

North  America,  Nova  Scotia,  Newfoundland,  Gibraltar,  tbe 

ceded  ifl^nds  and  Africa  for  1768  -  39^95^       4*     ^  i 

5.  For  defraying  the  charge  of  the  difference  of  pay  be- 
tween the  Briiilh  and  IriO^  eftablifhment  of  fix  regiments  of 
foot,  ferving  in  the  Iflrof  Man,  at  Gibraltar,  Minorca,  and 

the  ceded  Iflande  for  1768*      ,  •  -  711^     17     «  j 

6.  For  the  pay  of  the  general  and  flafF  officers  in  Great 

Britain  for  1768  -  •  -  12137       7     j 

7.  For  defraying  the  charge  of  full  pay  for  %SG  days  for 
176S,  to  oflicen  reduced,  with  the  tenth  company  of  (everal 
battalions  reduced  from  ten  to  nine  companies,  and  who  re- 
mained 00  half  pay  at  the  t^th  of  December  17C  5  •  5227     14     # 

8.  For  the  charge  of  the  office  of  ordnance  for  land  fervice 

for  1768  -  -  -  >593«S     II     ^ 

9.  For  defraying  the  expence  of  fcrviccs  performed  by 
the  office  of  ordnance  for  land  fervice,  and  not  provided  for 

by  parliament  in  1767  -  -  68944     t%  11 

1672540       1     6   I 
December  i^.  ■ 

1.  That  one  third  part  of  the  capital  ftock  of  annuities 
after  the  rate  of  4!.  per  cent,  eflablifhed  by  an  a6t  made  in 
the  third  yeai;  of  his  majefty^s  reign,  which  (hall  remain  after 
the  5th  day  of  January  next,  be  redeemed  and  paid  off  on 
the  5th  of  July  next  after  dilcharging  tbe  intereft  then  pay- 
able in  refpefV  of  the  fame 

2.  To  enable  his  majefty  to  redeem  and  pay  off  the  faid 

one  third  part  ...  87 5000      o     • 

December  21, 

1.  Towards  the  buildings,  rebuildings,  and  repairs  of  (hips 
of  war  in  his  majefly^s  yards,  and  other  extra- works,  over  and 
above  what  are  propofed  to  be  done  upon  the  heads  of  wear 

and  tear  and  ordinary,  for  176S.  -  *77954      ^     * 

2.  To  enable  the  truftecs  of  the  Britifh  Mufeum  to  carry 

on  the  execution  of  the  truft  repofed  in  them  by  parliament      2000      o     o 


*79954 
January  26,  1768. 


1.  For  paying  the  penfions  to  the  widows  of  fuch  reduced 
oflficers  of  his  majedy's  land  forces  and  marines,  as  died  upon 
the  eftabliibment  of  half  pay  in  Great  Britain,  and  who  were 
iparried  to  them  before  the  25th  of  Decemberi   1716,   for 

1768  -  -  -  ^536       o     o 

2.  Upon  account  of  the  reduced  officer!  and    marines, 

for  X768.  -  ...  13H31       ^     o 

5.  For  defraying  the  charge  for  allowances  to  the  feveral 
officers  and  private  gentlemen  of  the  two  troops  of  Horfe 
guaVds  and  regiment  of  horfe  reduced;  and  to  the  fuperan- 
nuatcd  gentlemen  of  the  four  troops  of  horfe  guards  for  1768       1715     13     • 

4..  Towards  defraying  the  charge  of  out  pen(ioner$  of 
Chelfea  hofpital,  for  1768  -  -  108949     17     $ 

5.  Towards  defraying  the  extraordinary  expences  of  his 
majefty^s  land  forces  and  other  fervices,  incurred  to  the  25th 
of  December  1767,  and  not  provided  for  by  parliament  199988      4.     % 


January  28. 


4446x0     14.     $ 


I.  Upon  account  for  maintaining  and  fupporting  the  civil 
cRablifhment  of  Nova  Scotia,  for  176$  -  ^895       1    xi    . 

a.  Upa« 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f  y 6$.    ^he  History  4>f  the  hfi  Sefllon  of  Parliament.      5 1 7 

s.  Upon  account  for  defraying,  the  charges  of  the  civil         L       u  d^ 
eftabliibnient  of  Georgia,  and  the  incidental  expences  attend- 
ing the  fame  from  the  24tb  of  June  1767  to  the  a4th  of  June 
1768  -  -  -        ^  zs%^,      o    9 

3.  Upon  account  for  defraying  the  charge  of  the  civil 
eftabli(hroent  of  Baft  Florida,  and  the  incidental  expeaceit 
attending  the  faine,  from  the  24th  of  June  17679  to  the  14th 

of  June  1768  -  -  -  4750      O    # 

4.  Upon  account  for  defraying  the  expence  of  the  civil  efta- 
blifbment  of  Weft  Florida,  and  other  incidental  expences  at- 
tending the  fame  from  the  24tb  of  June  1767,  to  the  14th  of 

June  1768         .  -  -  -  4400      6    a 

5.  Upon  'account  for  defraying  the  expences  of  general 

furveysof  his  majefty^s  dominions  in  North  America,  for  1768      S036    14    o 

6.  Upon  account  for  defraying  the  charges  of  the  civil  efta- 

bli/hment  of  Senegambta,  for  1768  -  -  5$S^      ^    ^ 


February  i. 


24657    15  II 


For  paying  off  and  difcharging  the  Exchequer  bills  made 
#ut  by  virtue  of  an  aft  paifed  in  the  laft  feflion  of  parliament 
for  raifing  a  certain  fum  of  money  by  loans  or  Exchequer 
biUs»  and  charged  upon  the  firft  aids  to  be  granted  this 
feflion  -  -  -  1800000      o    • 

February  4. 

I.  To  replace  to  the  Sinking  Fund  the  like  fum  iifued 
thereout,  to  make  good  ^he  deficiency  on  Oft.  20,  1767,  of 
the  fund  eftabliihed  for  paying  annuities  in  reTpcft  of 
3>59o,ooo  1.  borrowed  by  virtue  of  an  aft  of  the  third  of  his 
prefent  majelty,  towards  the  fupply  granted  for  the  fervice  of 
1763  -  -  ^  -  -  -  -  59a*a    |6  10 

».  To  replace  to  ditto,  the  like  fum  paid  out  of  the  fame* 
to  make  good  the  deficiency,  on  July  5,  1767,  of  the  fund 
cftabliflied  for  paying  annuities  in  refpeft  of  five  millions» 
borrowed  by  virtue  of  an  aft  made  in  the  3ifi  of  his  Ute 
snajefty,  towards  the  fupply  granted  for  the  fervice  of  1758      53480    17    S  | 

3.  To  he  employed  in  maintaining  and  fupporting  the 
JBritifh  forts  and  fettiements  on  the  coait  of  Africa,  under  the 

flireftion  of  the  committee  of  merchants  trading  to  Africa         13000      <l    • 

4.  That  provifion  be  made  for  the  pay  and  clpathing  of 
the  militia,  and  for  their  fubfiftence  during  the  time  they 
Ihall  be  abfent  from  home  on  account  of  the  annual  exercife, 
for  1768. 

5.  Upon  account  to  enable  the  Foundling  Hofpital  to  main- 
tain and  educate  fuch  children  as  were  received  into  the  fame 
on  or  before  the  35th  of  March  1760,  from  the  31ft  of  De- 
cember 1767  exclufive«  to  the  31ft  of  December  1768  inclu- 

£ve,  and  the  faid  fum  to  be  iifued  without  any  deduftion  19000      o    • 

6.  Upon  account,  for  enabling  the  faid  holpital  to  put  out 
apprentice  the  faid  children,  fo  as  that  the  (aid  hofpital  do 

iu>t  give  with  one  child  more  tlwin  7 1.  -  .  lOQo      9    • 


February  8* 


156803     14    6  i 


!•  To  make  good  to  his  majeily,  the  like  fum  iffued  by  his 
majefly's  orders,  in  pursuance  of  the  addreffes  of  this  houfe       Z0500      o    o 

a.  To  make  good  the  deficiency  of  the  grants  for  the  fer- 
'riccofi767  ....  -  39*4H        4    Si 

3.  To  replace  f  the  Sinking  Fund  the  like  fum  paid  out 
of  the  fame  to  dii'charge  for  one  year  and  a  quarter,  ended 
Uie  a5th  of  December  2767,  the  annuities  after  the  rate  of 

41./^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


5i8        The  History  cf  the  !afi  Seflion  ^/Parliament 


oa. 


t^.ferdnt,  attending  the  remainder  of  the  joint  ftock,  efta-  /.  /, 
blimed  by  an  a6t  of  the  third  of  his  prefent  majefty,  in  re- 
fpe6t  of  certain  nafy,  vi^lualkng,  and  tranfport  bills,  and 
debcntdre^  that  hive  been  redeemed,  in  purluance  of  an  a& 
made  in  the  lad  feffion,  and  the  charges  of  management  du- 
ring the  faid  term  of  the  annuities  -  -  -  8S435     19     4  { 

4.  To  replace  to  ditto,  the  like  fum  iffued  thereout,  todif. 
cbarge^from  the  loth  of  Oftober  1767,  to  the  5th  of  Janu- 
ary following,  the  annuities  attending  fuch  part  of  the  joint 
ftock  eftablifhed  by  an  a6l  made  in  the  third  of  his  prefent 
majefty  for  granting  feveral  additional  duties  on  wines  im- 
ported, and  certain  duties  on  cyder  and  perry,  and  for  rai- 
ding the  Turn  of  3^  500,000!.  by  way  of  annuitiss  and  lotte- 
ries, to  be  chained  on  the  faid  duties  as  hath  been  redeemed 
in  purfuance  of  an  ^Qt  made  in  the  laft  fefHon  •    '  S750      o      • 

5^.  Tu  redeem  and  pay  oft*  the  remaining  parts  of  the 
laid  Capital  ftock  cf  annuities        *        •        •        •        •     1750000      o      o 


1250170 


i 


Sum  total  of  the  fuppTtes  granted  in  this  felTion 


S335746     II       a  I 


Thefe  were  all  the  grants  madt  by 
the  committee  of  fupply,  and  they 
iwere  paflfed  with  an  unufual  unani- 
mity. As  there  is  no  difficulty  attend- 
ing thefe  refolutions  that  requires  a 
particular  explanation,  except  in  two 
or  three  articles,  we  ftiall  make  a  few 
obfervations  on  them,  and  then  pro- 
ceed to  g«V6  the  refolutions  of  the 
committee  of  ways  and  means.  The 
feveral  refolutions  of  the  3d  and  Sth 
of  December  were  formed  upon  cfti- 
mates  laid  before  the  houfe;  as  were 
alfo  thofe  of  the  a6th  and  aSth  of  Ja- 
nuary. And  as  thofe  eftimates  are 
never  made  public,  it  is  impofTible  for 
thofe  without  doors  to  form  a  judg- 
ment whether  thefe  fupplies  are  rca- 
fonable  or  exorbitant;  but  if  we  com- 
pare them  with  thofe  of  the  laft  feftion, 
we  (hall  iind  that  feveral  of  them  are 
much  reduced,  and  a  confiderable  fav- 
ing  made  upon  the  whole.  The  fecond 
refblution  of  the  21ft  of  December 
arofe  from  a  petition  of  the  truftees  of 
the  Britifh  Mufeum,  backed  by  his 
majclty's  recommendation,  and  ap- 
peared abfolutely  neceiTary  to  enable 
them  to  continue  to  etcecute  the  truft 
repofed  ia  them  by  parliament.  The 
third  refolution  of  the  4th  of  Februa- 
ry, was  alfo  in  confcqucnce  of  a  peti- 
tion from  the  African  company,  who 
alfo  laid  before  the  houfe  a  particular 
account  of  the  ftate  and  condition  of 
each  of  the  Britifli  forts  on  the  coafts 
of  Guinea.  The  fourth  refolution  of 
the  fame  day,  was  formed  after  Lord 


North*s  acquainting  the  houfe,  by  bit 
majefty^s  command,  that  his  majefty 
recommended  it  to  the  houfe  to  make 
provifion  for  defraying  the  charges  of 
the  pay  and  cloathing  for  the  militia 
for  the  year  1768$  but  a  copimittee 
had  been  before  appointed  to  make  an 
eftimate  of  the  charge  of  the  pa^  and 
cloathing  of  the  militia«  and  their  re- 
port was  now  ordered  to  be  laid  before 
the  houfe  j  however  no  particular  Tup- 
ply  was  granted  for  this  purpofe,  for 
in  the  aa  paffed  on  this  occafion  the 
militia  were  ordered  to  be  paid  in  eve- 
ry county  by  the  receiver- general  of 
the  land  tax. 

The  moft  remarkable  refolutions  of 
this  feftion  are  thofe  of  the  3d,  4th, 
5th,  and  the  8th  of  February  :  here 
it  is  proper  to  obferve,  that  in  the  3d 
of  George  IIT.  the  fum  of  3.500,000!. 
had  been  raifed  by  annuities  and  lotte- 
ries, and  was  conftituted  one  capital 
and  joint  ftock  of  annuities,  charged 
upon  certain  duties,  as  hath  been  al- 
ready obfcrved,  and  bearing  intereft 
at  4 1,  per  cent.  In  order  to  leflcn  this 
article  of  the  national  debr,  for  whicli 
fuch  high  intereft  was  paid,  one  fourth 
part  of  the  capital  was  redeemed  on 
the  5th  of  Jan.  1768,  in  purfuance  of 
an  a£t  paffed  for  that  purpofe  in  the 
preceding  fcflion,  whereby  the  capital 
was  reduced  to  2,625,000  1.  which  it 
was  now  rcfolved  to  redeem,  and  a 
bill  was  brought  into  the  houfie  for 
that  purpofe,  which  pnflTed  through 
both  houfcs  in  tl^e  ufual  conrfe,  aiid 

on 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1^68.  Nature  and  Cure  of  the  Craup. 

on  the  8th  .of  March  it,  received  the  the  more  thereto, 
royal  aitent.  Accordingly,  one  third 
part  of  the  la(t  mentioned  capital, 
amounting  to  the  fum  of  875,000!. 
was  paid  otFonihe5th  of  July  1768, 
another  third  on  the  10th  of  October 
following,  and  the  remaining  third 
part  it  to  be  paid  on  the  5th  of  Janua- 
ry, 176^. 

\To  be  continue  J  in  ournext,'] 

ro  the  AUTHOR   of  the   LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

TH  E  Croup  is  an  uncommon  fpe- 
cies  of  Catarrh,  attended  with 
an  inflammatory  fever,  chiefly  eff^edt- 
ing  the  mucous  membrane,  and  the 
numerous  glands  of  the  trachea,  or 
wind- pipe. 

I  take  it  to  be  a  little  analogous  to 
the  pip  in  fowls,  and  like  that  mem- 
brane too*  jf  not  Separated  irom  the- 
parts  it  adheres  to,  will  alone  occafion 
the  death  of  the  patient. 

In  fuch  a  cafe,  the  whole  fuperior, 
and  internal  lurface  of  the  trachea  is 
covered  or  lined  rather,  with  a  white, 
foft,  thick,  preternatural  coat,  or 
membrane,  eafily  feparated  therefrom, 
and  generally  lying  loole  upon  it,  pu- 
rulent matter  often  lodging  under  the 
fame. 

The  pathognomonic  fymptoms,  or 
iigns,  attending  this  lingular  diforder, 
that  diflingui(hes  it  from  all  others  is 
a  peculiar,  (harp,  (hrill  tone,  not  eafi- 
ly defcribed,  and  refembling  nothing 
more  nearly  than  the  crowing  of  ar 
cock,which  with  a  remarkable  freedom 
from  all  complaints  when  in  moft  dan- 
ger, a  quick  laborious  frequent  puKe, 
lirong  at  firft,  but  foft  and  weak  to- 
wards the  end  3  little  difficulty  in 
Twallowing,  or  inflammation  in  the 
fauces  J  often  a  dull  pain,  and  fome- 
times  an  external  fwelling  in  the  upper 
part  of  the  windpipe  3  the  fenfes  quite 
diftindt  to  the  laA ;  and  all  the  fymp- 
toms moft  rapid  in  their  progrefs,  fuf- 
ficientl/  charafterife  this  odd  difeafe, 
of  which  fee  a  more  full  account  in 
Dr.  Francis  Home  of  Ediaburgh,  his 
inquiry  into  the  nature,  caufe,  and 
cure  of  the  Croup. 

But  what  I  mention  this  fad  difeafe 
foTt  is  to  propofe  a  new,  and  fpeedy 
method  of  relief,  when  this  inward 
great  core  is  about  ftrangling  the  forely 
iliitrdrcd  patient,  and  what  excites  me 


5'9 

is,  thatiingular  and 
happy  operation  of  the  eminent  Heif- 
ler,  to  be  met  with  hi  his  5S7th  obfcr- 
vation  among  his  medical  cafes,  and 
which  may  be  of  great  fcrvicc  in  the 
Croup  alfo. 

There  he  tells  us  of  a  young  man, 
who,  on  eating  fome  ragout,  had 
fomethin^  of  it  pafs  down  into  the 
trachaea,  which,  after  all  the  fruitleft 
trials  of  others,  was  relieved  by  him- 
ielf  by  cutting  open  the  wind-pipe. 

This  he  did  fafely  by  making  a  lon- 
gitudinal incifion,  the  length  of  three 
hngers  breadth,  through  the  flcin  oa 
the  middle  of  the  neck,  diredly  upon 
the  trachea  arterid,  and  when  he  ielt 
the  trachea  with  his  Angers,  he  cut 
through  the  fat  and  mufcles  which 
covered  it  to  the  wind  pipe,  and  then 
cut  through  four  or  five  of  the  rings 
thereof  longitudinally,  and  immediate- 
ly perceived  a  long  black  body,  or 
fubttance.  which  he  extradled,  but 
could  not  diftinguifli  what  it  was  3  h« 
took  it  for  a  mcrel. 

The  patient  immediately  breathed 
with  freedom  ;  was  quite  chearful ; 
there  was  nothing  more  in  the  trachea, 
and  ic  bled  but  a  little.  He  cleanfed 
the  wound  with  a  fponge  wrung  out  of 
warm  wine,  brought  the  lips  in  oppo- 
lition  by  flicking  plaiflers  3  laid  a  com- 
prefs  upon  it,  and  a  roller.*  His  re- 
fpiration  was  eafy  3  he  was  able  to 
fpeak,  and  walk  about  the  room  ;  eat 
and  drank  3  went  home  to  his  houfe 
the  fame  day,  and  relied  well  all 
night ;  the  wound  wns  drelfed  rvcry 
day  with  balfam  capivi,  and  fl:icking 
plaiflers,  and  was  healed  in  about 
twelve  days,  without  any  bad  confe- 
quences  attending  it,  and  notwith- 
itanding  he  was  guilty  of  many  irre- 
gulaiities  in  his  diet.  Dr.  Rau  inform- 
ed him,  that  he  had  performed  much 
fuch  an  operation  upon  a  boy,  who 
•had  got  a  bean  in  hia  wind- pipe. 

Bronchotomy  madea-crofs  the  wind- 
pipe I  have  heard  and  read  of,  but 
never  of  a  longitudinal  one  thus  be- 
fore. But  for  the  befl  and  fpeedieft 
method  of  penetrating  the  trachea, 
for  a  quinfey,  drowning,  and  any  fud- 
den  ftrangulation,  you  may  fee  my 
method  recommended  to  the  publick, 
(and  which  the  learned  and  laburious 
Pr.  Warner,  to  render  it  more  gencr 
ral,  has  kindly  quoted  in  his  excel- 
lent Usatifs  on  tlie  gout,   jUit  publifli- 

^«d) 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


520 

M)  in  the  London  Magftzine  for  No- 
vember lad. 

Had  the  innkeeper  at  Bradnell  in 
Eflex  (whom  I  have  fccn)  who  not 
Wg  fince  fwallowed  a  quarter  of  a  moi- 
dore,  through  a  man*a  unexpefledly 
chucking  him  under  the  chin,  which 
inftead  of  pafllng  down  the  gullet  into 
hit  ftomach,  flipped  edge- ways  thro' 
the  glottitf  or  chink,  of  the  wind-  pipe, 
and  thence  pafled  down  the  trachea 
into  the  lungs,  which  he  often  felt 
move  about  while  alive,  and  was  ta- 
ken thence  about  twelve  years  after, 
in  the  prcfencc  of  three  furgcons,  when 
dead.  I  fay,  had  fuch  an  operation  of 
bronchotomy  been  performed  on  his 
wind-pipe,  he  had  ftood  a  good  chance 
to  have  got  rid  of  that  extraneous  bo- 
dy through  the  flit  thereof,  which 
proved  very  troublcfome  as  lone  as  be 
lived,  which  was  fome  years,  if  I  re- 
member right,  after  the  accident. 

In  like  manner  by  opening  the  tra- 
chea, or  wind-pipe,  this  looTe  tenaci- 
ous membrane,  that  core-like  lines  the 
internal  furface  thereof,  by  a  flcilful 
and  dextrous  furgeon«  one  would  na- 
turally think  might,  by  means  of 
hook4  and  other  proper  inftrumentSy 
be  extra£^ed,  and  the  patient*s  life  be 
thereby  happily  preferved.  Wherefore 
it  is  I  mention  thefe  cafes  to  contrive  a 
way  of  relief,  which,  though  it  may 
feem  a  little  terrible,  is  much  belter 
than  leaving  a  perfon,  ftruggling  for 
breath  only,  to  a  certain  death  ;  as  a 
defperate  difeafe  requires  a  defperate 


j^ejiions  and  Solutions.  OSt. 

cure,  and  which  here  it  not  that 
cafe  neither,  for  this  method  of  relief 
is  not  fo  defperate  as  to  fome  it  may 
appear  s  and  if  really  it  was  To,  we 
fliould  coniider  the  advice  of  that  ex- 
cellent Roman  phyiician  Celfus  (tho^ 
a  great  enemy  to  chriftianity,  and  I 
wifli  there  were  none  of  the  profefllon 
like  him,  but,  alas !  it  is  the  too  gene- 
ral reproach  of  phyficians)  who  has  wife- 
ly intimated  to  his  fucceflbrs  in  dange- 
rous cafes,  to  try  a  doubtful  remray 
where  the  Icaft  hopes  of  fuccefs  re- 
mained, than  none  at  all  t  wherefore 
I  recommend  this  eafy  and  fafe  opera- 
tion, after  detergents,  mercurials,  and 
other  proper  remedies,  have  been  all 
tried  in  vam.  Your's, 

J.  Cook. 


New  Questions  h  Afr. Thomas  Bar- 
ker,  0/Wiflet  OT  Suffolk. 

QVESTION   I. 

GIVEN  the  elevation  of  a  piece 
=:  37»  40'$  height  of  the  objed 
above  the  horizon  zn  90  yards,  and  * 
the  diftancc  =    i  i  mile.     Required 
the  impetus  to  hit  the  objed  ? 

Question  IT. 

GIVEN  the  hourly  motion  of  the 
fun  from  the  moon  =z  18' 46" 
and  the  rc6tangle  of  the  longitude  of 
the  true  conjunction  and  interval  of 
time  =  8h.  17m.  Required  the  inter- 
val of  time>  and  longitude  of  the  true. 
conjundlion  ? 


Solution  to  the  mathematical  Slutftion  propofed  in  the  London  Magazine ybr  June, 
1768,  p.  304.;  By  Thomas  Wilkin,  reacbir  qf  Mathematics  at  Hexham  a 
Northumberland. 

And  put  X  :=  natural  fine  of  the  <  C  AE 

Then  will  ^  r— *•  ^n  fine  of  the  angle  EAD 
.       f  i:a  ::  X  :ax  =  CE 
P«^*^»S-  li  :^  ::  ^'i-X'  :  b  ^  i^x^  =  DE 
Now  as  the  area  of  the  trapezia  is  a  maximum  the  fom 
of  the  perpendiculars  CE  and  DE  muft  alfo  be  ftich  ; 
iriz.  ax  -^  h  ^  i  —  a**  is  a  maximum,  whofe  fluxion  it 

ax^^ 


zz  0 


Hence  x  zi 


a 


^->—  =:,  6  the  natural  fine  of  the  A- 

angle  CAE  then  will  ,S  be  the  natural  fine  of  the  angle  EAD  j   and  the  pc^ 

pcndiculars  CE  and  DE,    18,   and  3x,    refpeflively  and  therefore  becoVie  oto* 

light  lint  CD.    Hence  any  thing  elfc  that  is  required  may  be  readily  fbtthfl. 

Hexham,  Augull  lO,  1768.  "^^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Tj68.  ,  Tail4  of  Saxon  Ccins.  521 

TalfU  •/'Saxon  Cw>?/,  their  Names^  Weigbu^  and  Vainest  Tttm  Mr.  Clarke'/  Co.i" 
nexiom  of  the  Roman,  Saxon,  ondEn^Xifh.  Coins, 


Names. 


SAXON    GOLD    COINS. 

Weight  in       Value  in  their 
Troy  Grains. 


Money 


about  54 


6  (hillings 
3  {hillings 

12  pence. 


The  Mancus, 
The  Half-  mancus. 
The  later  Mancus,  Ora,  and  An-  "I 
glo-Norman  Shilling,  J 

Danish  Estimates. 
The  firft  Danifh  mark,  five  ounces,  or  a  hundred  Saxon  pennies. 
The  Ora,  twelve  pence. 

SILVER    COINS. 


In  our  Mo- 
ney. 
£.    s.    d. 
090 
046 

039 


Names. 


Weight  in 
Troy  Grains. 


The  Shilling  at  Five  Pence, 

The  Shilling  at  Four  Pence, 

The  Thrimta, 

The  Penny,  or  Sceatta, 

The  Haelfling, 

The  Farthing, 


Value  in  their    In  our  Mo- 
Money  ncy 

C.    s.    d. 
5  pence.  o      t     2| 

4  pence.  o      o   11^ 


about  iia 
90 

67    3  pence.     o   o 
%i\  above*   o 

III 

5* 

BRASS     COINS. 
Styca,  a  to  a  farthing. 

This  table  is  not  intended  to  be  fo  exad  as  to  regard  the  fradions  of  a  far< 
thing. 


w 


Ah  ufeful  Extras  from  BerdmoreV  Tna" 

tije  on  the  7i€tb. 

•*  ^T^  H  E  methods  of  whitening  the 
\,  teeth,  and  of  preferving  them 
from  tartarous  concretions,  or  difco* 
louring  flough,  are  very  different  in 
this  town,  and  feem  to  concur  only  in 
this  one  point— that  thev  all  are  ex- 
tremely pernicious,  as  tney  are  now 
ufed,  excepting  only  where  the  tarta- 
rous matter  is  removed  by  the  inftru- 
ment;  for  all  a6t  diredlly  for  the  de- 
ftrudion  of  the  enamel,  either  by  mr- 
tboMtcal  ^rtMdJMg  or  chemical  dijbiutioa, 

Thofe  of  the  former  fort,  whether 
fold  under  the  name  of  a  powder  or  an 
de^nary,  whether  whitened  or  darken- 
ed, or  otherwife  coloured  by  certain 
additions,  are  always  compofed  of  pu- 
mice-done,  cn^ery,  or  fome  other  cut- 
ting powder  ;— Thofe  of  the  latter  fort 
however  tinged  with  fanguis  draconis, 
cochineal,  alkanet-root,  or  other 
drues  {  and  however  changed  in  tafte 
by  ipirituous,  camphorated,  and  va- 
riout  mixtures  are  always  compofed  of 
mitural  acids,  particularly  of  the  vitrio- 
lic i  and  although,  in  modefy,  they  are 
called  tinctures,  &c,  they  arc  really 

O^.  i7(S. 


very  powerful  menftrua  to  foften  and 
deftroy  the  enamel. 

That  the  powders  which  are  ufually 
fold  for  cleaning  the  teeth  do  in  fome 
meafure  hurt  the  enamel,  is  too  ob. 
▼ious  to  need  any  argument  \  but  it  is 
not  generally  believed  that  they  are  fo 
pernicious,  as  to  deferve  particular  no- 
tice or  cenfure.— I  thought  therefore, 
it  would  not  be  improper  to  put  this 
matter  to  the  teft,  and  to  afcertain, 
as  nearly  as  poflible,  in  what  time,  or 
bow  far  they  are  or  are  not  deftru^ive. 

I  fattened  in  a  vife  a  found  and  well 
enamelled  human  tooih,  placing  the 
convex  fide  uppermoil:  I  then  took  a 
brufh,  wetted  and  charged  with  a  cer- 
tain tooth-powder,  which  1  had  bought 
for  the  purpofe,  and*  in  lefs  than  an 
hour,  by  rubbing  quickly  with  this 
bruih  and  powder,  1  wore  away  en* 
tirely  the  enamel  of  the  part  which  was 
expofed  to  their  action. 

The  like  experiment  I  repeated  with 
all  the  different  tooth-powders  which 
are  fold  in  this  town,  and  found  the 
fame  effe^s  varied  only  a  little  in  time, 
according  to  the  coarfenefs  or  fineneft 
of  the  powder,  and  the  different  hard* 
nefsof  the  enamel. 

U  u  u  Now 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


52 1  Remarks  on 

Now  it  \t  well  known,  that  a  number 
of  people  brufh  their  teeth  with  powders 
of  this  kind  two  or  three  times  a  week; 
and  if  we  allow  that  the  brufh  and 
powders  generally  a6t  on  the  front 
teeth  briikiy  for  one-fourth  of  a  mi- 
nute each  time,  in  the  fpace  of  a  month 
they  a6t  three  minutes,  or  in  two  years 
feventy-two  minutes  ^  that  is  to  fay, 
ih  the  fpace  of  two  years,  the  teeth 
have  undergone  a  great  deal  more 
bru(hing  than  was  found  fufficient  to 
deftroy  the  fineft  and  beft  enamel. 

Hence  thofe  that  brufli  with  powders 
only  once  a-  week  do  not  deftroy  the 
enamel  in  lefa  than  five  or  (ix  years ; 
and  thofe  who  ufe  powders  but  rarely 
tan  never  be  brought  to  believe,  that 
their  teeth  are  injured  by  them,  be- 
caufe  the  deflrudion  creeps  on  too 
flowly  to  be  obferved. 

To  all  this,  I  prefume,  it  will  beob- 
jeded,  that  the  enamel  is  known  to  en- 
creafe  in  thicknefs  from  childhood  to 
puberty,  although  fome  part  of  the 
original  growth  is  certainly  worn  away 
in  the  mean  time ;  and  fmce  it  evi- 
dently appears  from  thence  to  admit  of 
growth  and  repair,  it  may  do  fo  like- 
wife  at  a  more  advanced  age,  and  fup«> 
ply  whatever  is  loft  by  the  ufe  of  tooth- 
powders.  It  may  be  added  too,  that 
luthough  it  feldom  or  never  is  reftored 
in  a  part  where  it  has  once  been  to- 
tally feparated^  from  the  bone,  yet  it 
inay,  like  the  bark  of  trees,  receive  new 
layers,  and  be  repaired,  (b  long  as 
any  part  of  its  internal  fubftance  re* 
mains  unhurt  beneath. — But  all  this 
reafoning  is  founded  upon  fuppofitions 
which  are  not  7et  countenanced  by 
any  certain  evidence,  and  therefore 
cannot  be  oppofed  to  daily  obfervations 
and  matters  of  fa£^,  which  teach  us 
that  the  enamel  wears  away  quickly, 
even  in  maftication,  after  the  twentieth 
or  thirtieth  year,  and  that  it  is  totally 
loft  at  a  very  early  time  of  life  in  thole 
who  ufe  tooth-powders  imprudently; 

Some  people,  who  have  been  con<^ 
vinced  of  this  truth  by  ftriking  exam-' 

gles,  imagine  that  the  danger  may 
e  avoided  by  ufing  a  cloth  inftead  of 
a  brufh.  To  try  whether  this  notion 
is  well  founded  or  not,  I  took  a  well 
enamelled  human  tooth,  and  fixing  it 
in  a  vife  in  the  manner  mentioned 
above,  I  rubbed  it  (inartly  with  a 
aloth,  dipped  in  tooth-powder,  /or 
half  an  hour,  by  which  time  1  found 


TooilhTowders. 


Oft; 


the  enamel  quite  worn  away,  ftaving 
repeated  the  fame  experiment  feveral 
times,  I  found  that  the  cloth  deftroys 
the  enamel  in  half  the  time  which  was 
found  requifite  for  this  purpofe  with 
the  brufh  ;  for  which  reafon,  and  be- 
caufe  it  does  not  enter  the  iaterftices 
of  the  teeth,  it  is  evidently  more  de- 
fb*u6tive,  and  much  lefs  eftedtual  in  re- 
moving the  urtar. 

Havmg  thus  endeavoured  to  explain 
the  a£Hon  of  tooth-powders,  and 
pointed  out  the  evils  occafioned  by  the 
indifcriminats  ufe  of  them,  it  is  necef- 
fary,  for  the  inftru£tion  of  my  readen, 
and  in  juftice  to  the  people  who  are  io- 
terefted  in  the  fale  of  fuch  things,  to 
ihew  where  they  may  be  applied  with- 
out any  danger,  and  how  under  dve 
reftrjdions  they  fometimes  conduce  to 
the  duration  as  well  as  to  the  ornament 
of  the  teeth  and  gums. 

X.  Where  the  teeth  are  difcoloarad 
with  a  very  thin  fcale  of  tartarous 
matter,  or  by  a  fuperficial  urnifh'mg 
of  the  enamel,  the  common  tooth- 
powders  may  be  ufed,  until  that  fnbft> 
ftance  is  worn  away,  but  no  longer^ 
on  amy  account  whatever. 

t.  After  a  thick  tartarous  cmft 
has  been  removed  by  inftruments,  any 
tooth-powder  may  be  applied  to  re^ 
move  whatever  flight  difcolonring 
matter  ftill  adheres  to  the  enamel  j  but 
when  that  is  gone,  they  fhould  be  no 
longer  continued. 

3.  Laftly,  thofe  who  cannot  bnifli 
their  teeth  often,  or  take  proper  care 
of  them,  for  want  of  leifure  and  con- 
veniences, may  ufe  rough  tooth-pow- 
ders once  a  month,  to  clear  away  the 
tartar  expeditioufly  and  compleatlyi 
becaufe  the  evils  arifing  from  total  neg* 
\t6tf  with  thofe  efpecially  who  are 
by  conftitution  difpofed  to  generate 
tartar  very  quickly,  are  greater  in  ge- 
neral than  any  th:U  can  be  produced 
by  this  fparing  ttfCof  tooth*  powdert.^ 

To   /iJ/  P  R  I  N  T  E  R,  6fr. 
SIR, 

IT  is  a  common  remarJc  among 
people,  who  are  but  little  acquaint- 
ed with  the  works  of  nature,  that  the 
fenfitive  plants  approadi  Tery  near  to 
the  animal  kingdom,  at  leaft  to  ttioft 
plant-like  fiea  prod  unions  which  have 
lately  been  proved  to  \t  real  animals  i 
becaufe  thefe  plants,  when  irritated 
ever  fo  littlet  fliew  a  iund  of  feafatioa 

or 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


A  newfenfttive  Plant  difcovered. 


5^3 


or  motion,  by  contracting  their  leaves 
together,  particularly  in  that  genus 
called  Mimofa  by  Linna:us,  and  re- 
markably in  that  fpecies  of  it  called 
Mimofa  Fudica^  or  what  we  call  the 
Humble  Plants  where  not  only  the 
leaves  contra^  on  the  touch,  but  the 
young  joints  bend  down  :  Befides  this 
genut,  there  is  alfo  an  Oxalis,  or  ff^ood 
Sorrel  of  the  Eaft  Indies,  that  has  a 
feniitive  quality  of  contracting  its  pen* 
aated  leaves  on  the  leaft  touch. 

This  extraordinary  operation  of  na- 
ture, that  furprifes  us  fo  much,  has 
often  been  attempted  to  be  explained 
by  many  ingenious  men ;  and  accounts 
have  been  publifhed,  but  without  that 
fatisfaCkory  clearnels  to  the  public, 
which  is  always  expected  from  the  fen- 
fible  inveftigators  of  nature.  It  feems 
to  be  a  fecret  that  ftill  lies  hid,  and 
poflibly  will  lie  hid  from  the  ftriftcft 
inveftigation  of  human  philofophy. 

Indeed  the  leaves  of  the  fenfitive 
plants,  that  we  have  been  hitherto  ac* 
4|iiainted  with,  are  fo  minute  and  ten- 
der, that  they  cannot  be  fo  well  dif- 
fe&ed.  But  for  the  fatisfaftion  of  the 
curious  in  this  way,  we  have  fortu- 
nately received  from  Penfylvania,  ve- 
ry lately,  a  new  genus  of  plants, 
<|uite  different  from  any  thing  hereto- 
fore defcribed,  whofe  leaves  are  fuc- 
culenr,  and  large  enough  for  difTec- 
tion,  and  formed  in  a  manner  not  on- 
ly new  and  furprifmg,  but  likewife 
▼ery  entertaining ;  having  at  the  end 
of  each  leaf  two  lobes,  or  lips,  in  the 
fliape  of  the  eye-lids,  an  inch  broad, 
f  urnifhed  with  a  row  of  ftifF  hairs  on 
the  margin  of  each,  fo  that  upon  the 
introducing  of  a  ftraw  or  pin  between 
them,  they  contract  themfelves,  and 
grafp  it  quite  clofe.  This  plant  being 
an  inhabitant  of  a  warmer  country 
than  this,  the  gardeners  obferve  that 
it  is  raoft  active  in  a  hot- bed,  though 
it  feems  to  thrive  very  well  in  this 
country  in  the  open  air.  The  follow- 
ing account  is  what  we  have  been  able 
to  collet  of  the  hiftory  of  this  curi- 
ous plant : 

About  three  years  ago  that  diligent 
and  indefatigable  botanift,  Mr.  John 
Bartram,  an  honeft  fober  quaker  of 
Philadelphia,  fent  a  dried  fpecimen  of 
this  extraordinary  plant  in  flower  to 
the  worthy  Peter  Collinfon,  Efqj  of 
MiJl-hill,  P.  R.  S.  the  lately  deceafed, 
much-lamented  friend  of  all  botanifts. 


by  the  Indian  name,  either  Cherokee 
or  Catabaw,  but  which  I  cannot  now 
recoiled,  of  Tippitywichit,  which  ht 
faid  he  had  collected  in  the  fwamps  be- 
yond the  Blue-Mountains.  At  the 
requelt  of  Mr.  Collinfon,  the  ingeni- 
ous Dr,  Solander,  now  on  his  voyage 
to  the  South  Seas,  in  fearch  of  the 
rarer  productions  of  nature,  diffeCted 
this  plant  before  fome  of  his  friends  s 
and  from  the  beautiful  appearance  of 
its  milk-white  flowers,  and  the  ele- 
gance of  its  leaves,  thought  it  well  de- 
fierved  one  of  the  names  of  the  god- 
defs  of  Beauty,  and  therefore  called  it 
Dionata, 

As  this  name  was  generally  approv- 
ed  of,  and  fo  well  adapted  by  that 
eminent  botanift,  I  (hall  only  add  a 
fpecific  name  to  diitinguifh  it  from 
others  of  this  genus,  that  may  poflibly 
be  difcovered  hereafter.  From  the 
ftru6ture  then  and  particular  moving 
quality  of  its  leaves  when  .irritated,  X 
(hall  call  it  Diottita  Mufcipula,  which 
may  be  conftrued  into  Englifh,  with 
humble  fubmiflion  both  to  critics  and 
foreign  commentators,  ^either  Vtnui's 
Flytrap  or  Venus" s  Moufetrap* 

I  have  looked  into  the  Index  of  th« 
intelligent  Mr.  Miller's  Gardener's 
Dictionary  for  a  precedent,  and  find 
that  there  are  plants  which  have  for- 
merly been  called  after  that  goddefs, 
as  Venus^s  Looking-Glafs,  and  Ve- 
nus's  Navel- Wort,  and  both  adopted 
by  him. 

I  prefome  then  that  the  name  of 
Venus's  Flytrap,  as  it  feems  molt  adapt- 
ed to  its  powers,  may  be  admitted  to 
be  the  molt  eligible  trivial  name,  efpe- 
cially  as  I  think  myfelf  warranted  to 
do  it  from  occular  demonftration  of 
this  furprifmg  faculty  of  its  entrap- 
ping little  animals,  fuch  as  ear^wi^^ 
fpiders,  and  flies,  where  they  are  ei* 
tber  fqueezed  to  death,  or  remain  im* 
prifoned  till  they  die. 

But  it  is  to  the  indefatigable  induf- 
try  of  Mr.  Young  of  Philadelphia,who 
ftiles  himfelf  botanift  to  the  king, 
that  we  have  the  pleafure  of  viewing 
the  fenfitive  qualities  of  this  rare  plant 
in  perfection. 

He  has  lately  brought  feveral  plants 
from  America  of  this  new  genus  in 
a  vigorous  flate,  which  he  dilpofed  of, 
before  his  return,  to  the  curious  col- 
lectors of  rare  plants  about  London, 
who  have  had  the  good  fortune  to 

U  tt  u  a  have 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


5^4 

have  one  of  them  produce  a  fpike  of 
flowers.  It  hai  much  the  appearance 
of  our  Engiifti  Lady  Smock.  It  is  from 
5his  fpecimen  that  an  elegant  drawing 
is  now  made  both  of  the  leaves  and 
flowers,  an  exa£t  copper- plate  of 
vrhichy  it  is  hoped,  will  (bon  be  en- 
graved, for  the  entertainment  of  the 
curious,  and  the  amnfement  of  the 
public. 

I  am,  Sir,  your's,  &c. 
Sept.  X,  1768.  J.  E, 

iTh  Particulars  of  the  barbarous  Murder 
of  the  celebrated  Abbe   Winkclman. 

FRANCIS  ARCANGELI  was  born 
of  mean  parents  near  the  city  of 
Pifloia,  and  bred  a  cook,  in  which 
capacity  he  ferved  in  a  rcrpe6table  fa- 
mily at  Vienna,  where  having  been 
guilty  of  a  confidcrable  robbery,  he 
was  condemned  to  work  in  fetters  for 
four  years,  and  then  to  be  banifhed 
from  all  the  Auftrian  dominions  after 
being  fworn  never  to  return.  When 
three  years  of  his  flavery  were  expi- 
red, he  found  friends  to  intercede  in 
his  favour,  and  he  was  releafed  from 
ferving  the  fourth,  but  ftriill);  enjoin- 
ed to  obfcrve  the  order  of  banifhment; 
in  confequence  of  which  he  Icit  Vien- 
na, and  retired  to  Venice  with  his  pre- 
tended wife  Eva  Rachel.  In  Auguft 
3767,  notwith (landing  his  oath,  be 
came  to  Triefte  with  a  view  to  fettle  \ 
but  afterwards  changed  his  mind,  and 
returned  to  Venice*}  where,  being  dif- 
appointed  of  the  encouragement  he 
probably  expelled,  he  came  again  to 
Triefte  in  May  1768.  Being  almoft 
deftitute  of  money,  and  but  (habbi- 
]y  dreflfed,  he  took  up  his  lodg-' 
ing  at  a  noted  inn  [probably  with  a 
view  of  robbing  fome  traveller.]  In  a 
few  days  the  Abbe  Winkleman  arri- 
ved at  the  fame  inn  in  his  way  from 
Vienna  to  Rome,  and  was  lodged  in 
the  next  apartment  to  Arcangeli. 
This  circumftance,  and  their  dining 
together  at  the  ordinary,  iirft  brought 
them  acquainted.  The* Abbe  expref- 
fed  a  defire  of  profecuting  his  journey 
with  all  poflible  expedition,  and  Arc- 
angeli was  feemingly  very  aifiduous  in 
procuring  him  a  paiTage,  which  the 
Abbe  to(3c  very  kindly,  and  very  libe- 
rally rewarded  him  for  his  fervices.  His 
departure  however  being  delayed  by 
the  mailer  of  the  vefTel  which  was  to 


BeUtion  of  the  Murder 


oa. 


carry  him,  Arcangeli  was  more  than 
ordinarily  diligent  in  improving  every 
opportunity  of  making  hi mfelf  accepta- 
ble to  the  Abbe,  and  their  frequent 
walks,  long  and  familiar  converfations» 
and  the  exceflive  civility  and  attentioa 
of  Arcangeli  upon  all  occafions  that 
offered,  fo  improved  the  regard  which 
the  Abbe  had  begun  to  conceive  for 
him,  that  he  not  x>nly  acquainted  him 
in  the  general  run  of  their  difcourfe 
with  the  motives  and  the  event  of  hit 
journey  to  Vienna,  the  graces  he  had 
there  received,  and  the  offers  of  that 
miniftryi  but  informed  him  alfo  of 
the  letters  of  credit  he  had  with  him, 
the  medals  of  gold  and  filver  which  he 
had  received  from  their  imperial  ma* 
jefties,  and,  in  (hort,  with  all  the  things 
of  value  of  which  he  was  poffefl. 

Arcangeli  expreft  an  eaniefl  define  to 
fee  the  medals,  and  the  Abbe  an  equal 
eagernefs  to  gratify  his  curiofity  ;  but 
the  villain  no  fooner  beheld  the  fatal 
coins,  than  yielding  to  the  motions  of 
his  depraved  heJlrt,  he  determined  trea- 
cheroufly  to  murder  and  rob  the  pof- 
feilbr.  Several  days  however  elapfed 
before  he  put  his  cruel  defign  into  ex- 
ecution, in  which  time  be  fo  ofiicioufiy 
and  courteoufly  conformed  himfelf  to 
the  temper  and  fituation  of  his  new 
friend,  that  he  totally  difarmed  the 
Abbe  of  all  miftruft,  and  had  aaually 
infpired  him  with  a  (incere  friendfhip. 

In  th^  morning  of  the  7th  of  June 
being  determined  no  longer  to  delay 
his  bloody  purpofe,  he  bought  a  (harp 
pointed  knife,  the  inftrument  he  in- 
tended to  ufe  in  the  execution,  and 
then  going  to  the  coffee- houfe,  he 
there  found  the  Abbe,  who  paid  for 
him  as  ufual,  and  continued  with  him 
in  converfation  till  they  both  went 
home  to  dinner.  After  dinner  they 
went  again  abroad  together :  but  the 
villain  naving  meditatwi  a  n^tw  fcheme 
he  parted  from  the  Abbe,  and  went 
and  purchafed  fome  vards  of  cord, 
with  which  he  returned  home,  and  re- 
tired to  his  chamber.  'Till  the  Abbe 
came  home  he  employed  himfelf  in 
twilling  the  cord  and  forming  a  noofe  ; 
and  having  prepared  it  to  his  mind,  he 
placed  that  and  the  knife  in  a  chair 
ready.  Soon  after  this  the  Abbe  came 
in,  and,  as  his  cuflom  was,  invited 
Arcangeli  to  fupper.  The  chearfui- 
nefs  of  the  Abbe,  and  the  franknefs 
and  cordiality  with  which  he  received 

and 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.  Of  tU  Ahbe 

and  treated  him  ftaggered  him  it  firft, 
and  the  fentimentt  of  humanity  fo  far 
took  place,  that  his  blood  ran  cold 
with  the  thoughts  of  his  cruel  inten- 
tion, nor  had  he  at  this  time  courage 
to  execute  it.  But  the  next  morning, 
June  the  Sth,  both  goin^  out  of  the 
inu  together,  and  drinkmg  co/Fee  at 
the  ufual  houfe,  after  Arcangeli  had 
pretended  in  vain  to  hire  a  veil^l  to 
carry  the  Abbe  toBagni,  they  return- 
ed to  the  inn,  and  each  going  into  his 
own  room,  Arcangeli  pulled  off  his 
coat  (probably  to  prevent  its  being 
Itained  with  blood)  and  putting  the 
knife  unlheathed,  and  the  cord  into 
his  waiftcoat  pocket,  about  nine  he 
went  into  Wiukelman's  chamber,  who 
received  him  with  his  accuftomed 
franknefsy  and  entered  into  chat  about 
his  journey  and  about  his  medals  i  and 
as  he  was  upon  the  point  of  his  de- 
parture, he  invited  the  man,  who  was 
that  inftant  to  he  his  murderer,  in  the 
moit  aifefkipnate  manner,    to  Rome, 

*  where  he  promifed  him  his  bell  aflift- 
ance.  Full  of  thofe  friendly  feotiments, 
the  Abbe  fat  himfelf  down  in  his  chair, 
when  initantly  the  affalfin,  who  ftood 
behind  him,  threw  the  cord  over  his 
head,  and  drew  it  clofe.  The  Abbe 
with  both  his  hands  endeavoured  to 
loofcn  the  cord,  but  the  murderer  with 
hit  knife  already  uniheathed  ftabbed 
him  in  feveral  places.  This  increafed 
the  ilruggie,  and  the  laft  efforts  of  the 
unliappy  vi^im  brought  both  of  them 
to  the  ground  \  the  murderer  however 
was  uppermoft,  and  having  his  knife 
dill  reeking  with  blood  in  his  hand, 
plunged  it  nve  times  into  the  bowels  of 
his  wounded  friend.  The  noife  of  the 
fall,  and  the  groans  of  the  Abbe, 
alarmed  the  chamberlain  of  the  houfe, 
who  haftily  opening  the  door,  was  wit- 
nets  to  the  bloody  conflift.  The  aflar- 
ixtif  furprized  in  the  fa£V,  dropped  the 
bloody  knife,  and  in  his  waiilcoat  on- 
ly, without  a  hat,  his  breaft  open,  and 
his  (hirt  covered  with  blood,  he  efca- 
ped  out  of  the  inn  *. 

With  the  cord  about  his  neck,  and 
his  wounds  ftreaming,  the  Abbe  had 
ftill  ftrength  to  rife,   and  defcending 


Winkelman.  525 

from  the  fecond  floor  to  the  lirft,  he 
placed  himfelf  againft  the  baluftrade. 
and  called  for  aifillance.  Moved  with 
companion,  thofe  who  heard  his  cries 
haftened  to  his  relief,  and  helping  him 
to  his  room  laid  him  upon  his  bed  ; 
where,  having  no  hope  of  recovery  he 
received  the  lacraments,  and  made  his 
will.  After  fuffering  a  great  deal  with 
heroic  conllancy,  and  truely  chriiHaa 
piety,  not  complaining  of  his  murder* 
er,  but  mod  fmcerely  pardoning  him* 
he  calmly  breathed  his  lad  about  four 
in  the  afternoon. 

In  the  mean  time  the  aiTailin  had  ef- 
caped  into  the  Venetian  territories* 
where,  not  thinking  himfelf  fafe,  he 
purfued  his  way  to  rirano,  with  a  de- 
sign to  embark  in  whatever  (hip  was 
ready  to  fail,  ta  whatever  place ;  but 
expreifes  being  every  where  difpatched 
with  an  account  of  the  murder,  he 
found  himfelf  furrounded  with  dangen 
on  all  fides.  Having  found  means, 
however,  to  change  his  cloaths,  he 
quitted  the  high  road,  and  pafEng 
through  forefts  and  over  mountains 
unknown  to  him,  he  at  length  canne 
to  a  road  that  led  to  Labiana,  and 
had  already  reached  Planina,  when  a 
drummer  miftaking  him  for  a  deferter* 
caufed  him  to  be  apprehended.  Upon 
bis  examination,  not  beine  able  to  give 
a  fatisfaftory  account  of  himfelf,  and 
being  threatened  by  the  magi  Urates  of 
Aldefperg,  he  voluntarily  confefled  the 
murder,  and  eight  days  after  commit- 
ting the  fa6V,  was  brought  back  t* 
Triefte,  heavily  ironed,  and  under  a 
flrong  guard.  Here  he  was  tried,  and 
being  found  guilty,  as  well  on  his 
own  confefTion  as  on  the  cleared  evi- 
dence, he  was  fentenced  by  the  empe- 
ror's judges  to  be  broken  on  the  wheel 
oppofite  to  the  inn  where  he  had  per- 
petrated the  murder,  and  his  body  t* 
be  expofed  in  the  ufual  place  of  execu- 
tions. On  the  i8th  of  June  he  was  in- 
formed of  his  fentence,  and  on  the 
aoth  of  the  fame  month  it  was  execu- 
in  all  its  points,  in  the  prefence  of  an 
innumerable  multitude,  who  flocked 
from  all  parts  to  fee  the  execution, 
(See  p.  445.) 


•  To  tbofe  ivbo  have  ne*ver  been  in  Italy  ibis  efcape  may  feem  incredible  ;  but  tra^ 
*velUrs  tell  us,  that  there  the  common  people  take  no  more  notice  oj  the  efcape  of  a  muT" 
direr ^  than  hire  they  do  of  a  debtor  from  an  arrefi. 

Ewtratt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'526 


Do51rine  of  Oaths  confidered. 


ZxtraSfrom  Hcrport'sEflay,  on  Truths 
of  Importance,  &c,  &c.  Wherein 
the  Do^rine  of  Oaths,  is  relative  to 
civil  and  religious  Government,  is 
impartially  confidered,  lately  traitjlat' 
edfrpm  the  German. 

•*  T  F  any  people  were  fo  inconfide- 
X  rate  as  to  make  a  tender  of  unli- 
mited power  to  a  ruler,  if  he  were  in 
his  right  fenfes,  he  would  not  accept 
it,  becaufe  to  reign  over  fools  and 
madmen  is  no  great  honour.  The 
court  fycophants,  with  Hobbs  and 
Machiavel,  who  infmuate  other  maxims 
of  government,  are  guilty  of  high  trea- 
fon  againll  the  facred  rights  of  man- 
kind. They  fatally  deceive  even 
princes  themfelves,  and  at  the  fame 
time  betray  their  ignoi-ance  of  truths 
grounded  in  the  very  nature  of  man 
and  not  to  be  eradicated  by  force  or 
artifice.  I  am  mightily  pleafed  with 
the  generous  anfwerof  an  £ngli(h  gen- 
tleman to  King  James  IT.  who  was  ex- 
tolling an  arbitrary  government }  **  I 
cannot  believe,  laid  he,  that  the  Crea- 
tor •f  all  things  made  mankind  with 
faddles  on  their  backs  and  bridles  in 
their  mouths,  and  a  dozen  or  two  of 
fellows  to  ride  them  at  their  pleafure/* 
In  all  free  ftates  it  is  a  received  maxim 
that  the  fovereigoty  refts  in  the  laws, 
and  in  the  fupport  and  execution  of 
them  refts  the  fafety  of  the  whole  ftate; 
and  w^le  this  maxim  is  adhered  to 
every  thing  goes  well.  But  governors 
who  had  authority  committed  to  them 
for  thefe  good  purpofes  foon  came  to 
abufe  it  {  and  thefe  guardian  angels, 
fo  beloved  and  honoured,  were,  by  an 
infatiable  ambition,  turned  into  de- 
mons. To  check  this  evil  the  oatb  was 
contrived,  though  the  world  had  fub- 
£fted  above  t\^o  thoufand  years  with- 
out any  fuch  thing.  This  tic  was  to 
fupprefs  all  attempts  to  arbitrary 
power :  accordingly  rulers  fwore  they 
would  not  make  an  ill  ufe  of  their  au- 
thority,  and  fubje^s  that  they  would 
be  obedient  to  their  rulers  and  the  laws. 
This  was  pra6tifed  amongfttheantient 
Greeks  and  Romans ;  but  they  never 
Urained  the  oath  fo  far  as  Chriftians  do. 
We  not  only  call  on  God  as  a  witnefs, 
which  was  the  utmolt  of  their  oath, 
but  we  invoke  God  as  an  avenger. 
When  we  infult  the  divine  majefty  by 
a  falfe  oath,  we  devote  ourfelves  to  his 
everl^fting  curfe  5  we  exclude  ourfelves 
3 


0&. 

from  the  falvation  obtained  for  os  by 
his  redeeming  Son  }  we,  poor  reptilo, 
formally,  and  before  many  witne/!b, 
call  down  his  vindictive  juftice  ;  we  to- 
tally  renounce  his  mercy  now,  and  ii 
the  hour  of  death  we  deprive  ourfelva 
of  every  good  both  in  tinte  and  etemi. 
ty  5  we  render  ourfelves  fubjed  to  ha 
wrath,  which  is  a  contumin^  aod  on- 
quenchable  fire,  burning  down  to  t*K 
loweft  hell ;  for  all  this  is  included  ia 
thefe  words,  So  help  me  God." 

Speaking  of  religious  oachs,  this 
honeft  writer  fays  $  (after  telling  la, 
that  in  the  year4.S9,  Euphemius,  pa- 
triarch of  Condantinople,  rcfufed  to 
crown  the  emperor  Analtafius,  till  be 
had  engaged  in  writing,  and  npoa 
oathy  to  maintain  the  purity  of  the 
faith,  by  which  was  tl^n  meant  tbe 
decrees  of  the  council  of  Cbalcedoc. 
Anaftafius,  though  be  had  the  bed 
rights  to  the  crown,  could  not  prm 
mife  himfelf  a  quiet  pofTcfiTion  of  it  b(^ 
by  complying  with  the  patriarch,  aid 
therefore  he  fwore  what  he  defired. 
But  when  he  found  himfelf  fettled  qb 
the  throne,  he  fent  Eupbemius  iato 
exile,  and,  notwithftanding  bis  oatk, 
openly  fided  with  the  fed  of  the  Acc- 
phali.)  «  From  this  fountain  flow  iQ 
the  oaths  which,  to  this  day,  are  takes 
by  Chriftian  princes  at  their  coronatiooi 
to  defend  religion  and  the  church.  By 
religioni  in  thofe  times,  was  meant  no 
more  than  to  defend  the  canoat,  wbtck 
yet  were  much  fuller  of  curfcs  rhaa 
blefiings  :  for  ihe  clergy  were  afraid 
that  princes  might  inftituteot  he rfoncs 
lefs  adapted  to  the  dignity,  dodriee, 
and  lives  of  the  ecclefiattics.  The  peo- 
ple were,  for  a  long  time,  excufed  froa 
any  oath  ;  but  the  princes  were  ftridiy 
bound  to  it,  becaufe  their  power  was 
quite  necefiary  to  the  churchmen  ^ 
enforcing  the  decrees  of  councils,  tsd 
punifiiing  the  contumacious ;  asd 
therefore  well  has  Thomas  Aquinst 
faid,  principes  nil  nifi  bracbia  cUri  fia^. 
In  the  8th  century  prelates  were  like- 
wife  obliged  to  take  this  oath  $  and 
pope  Gregory  II.  who,  in  oppofitioa 
to  the  empteror,  ordered  images,  rc- 
licks,  &c.  to  be  woribipped,  thought 
fit  to  add  to  the  oaths  of  the  clergy 
this  (hort,  but  very  fignificant  dauk, 
like^-wife  fideUty  and  obedience  to  the  Romei 
pontiff.  The  popes  at  firft  met  with  t 
general  oppoCtion  to  this  oath»  except 
among  tiieir  moil  implicit  votaries.  A 

PohA 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 

Polifli  archbifliop,.  even  in  the  twelfth 
centupyy  fpoke  vehemently  againft  it 
at  an  unjuftifiabe  innovation,  and  con- 
trary to  the  canons  $  nay  wrote  to  the 
^e  of  Rome  that  this  oath  could  nei- 
ther be  impofed,  nor  taken,  with  a  fafe 
confcience.  But  the  curious  manu- 
fa^ure  of  making  the  coftiy  pallium 
having  been  fet  up  at  Rome,  and  to 
be  had  in  no  other  part  of  the  univerfe* 
all  oppolition  to  this  oath  was  obliged 
to  fubmit,  efpecially  as  that  ufarping 
ifee  had  afterwards,  by  meajas  of  the 
coMcordata,  extorted  the  power  of  col- 
lating to  biihoprics  in  Germany,  France 
and  Spain.  The  protedion  and  favour 
of  the  Roman  fee  being  now  the  fureft 
way  to  preferment,  the  clergy  dropped 
their  oppoiition  to  tbt  oatb  rf  obitdtnce* 
And  this  oath  Gregoi7  VJI.  drew  up 
with  fuch  circomfpe&ibn,  that  in  it 
little  mention  is  made  even  of  the  ca- 
tholic faith  ;  but  the  fum  of  all  duty  is 
a  quiet  obedience  to  the  Roman  fee, 
without  troubling  one's  felf  with  an/ 
thing  farther*  At  length  this  fervile 
oath  came  to  be  impofed  on  the  laityi 
bat  it  was  at  a  time  of  fuch  deplorable 
ignbrance,  that  among  the  young  peo- 
^e  very  few  could  fay  the  Lord's 
prayer,  and  as  few  among  the  elder 
fort  knew  any  thing  more  of  the  creed. 
The  council  of  Thouloufe,  in  the  year 
1 119,  enaded  that  all  males  from 
twelve  years  and  upwards  (hould  ab- 
jure whatever  was  contrary  to  the  holy 
Roman  church  and  the  orthodox  faith; 
likewife  (houid  believe,  and  adhere  to 
the  catholic  faith,  as  believed  and  taught  * 
by  the  Romiih  churchy  and,  to  theut- 
moft  of  their  power,  (hould  difcourage 
and  profecute  all  heretics  whatever. 
By  this  fen felefs  oath  did  the  poor 
laity  bind  themfelvcs  to  believe  what 
tbeydid  not  underftand,  nor  were  they 
to  examine,  in  order  to  underftand. 
So  clofely  was  the  light  of  the  gofpel 
hidden  under  the  bufhel  of  fuperftition, 
that  fcarcely  could  one  fingle  ray  of  it 
break  forth  amongft  men.---But  even 
our  reformation  has  greatly  contribut- 
ed to  the  propagation  of  religious  oathst 
for  the  council  of  Trent  having  made 
a  decree  that  all  catholics  (hould  fwear 
to  the  canons,  and  continue  in  faith- 
ful obedience  to  the  fee  of  Rome,  the 
fupporters  of  the  Augiburgh  confe(fioA 
tinanimouAy  agreed  that  all  princes, 
counts,  barons,  towns  and  fubje^s 
ihouid  fwcar^   tbatj   to  the  utmoft  of 


Of   Reltgiovs   Oaths: 


5^> 

their  power,  they  would  promote  th« 
truth  which  they  profe(red,  and  fted- 
faftly  continue  in  it.  And  thus  their 
forms,  confcfllons,  and  catechifmt 
were  introduced  in  the  place  of  the 
popi(h  canons,  a^s  and  decrees  of 
councils  ;  and  eftablifhtd  by  the  vtry 
fame  iniquitous  means  that  the  others 
bad  been.  This  they  called,  as  the  pa- 
pifts  did  before  them,  building  up  tbt 
ivbde  body  in  tbe  unity  ofthejpirit.  But 
the  real  unity  of  the  fpirit  was  better 
eftabli(hed  by  perfecution  and  difper- 
fions,  than  by  any  ecclefiaftical  confti- 
tutions,  decrees^  canons,  &c.  to  which 
fo  many  oaths  have  been  added  for 
the  better  confolidation  of  the  church's 
political  conftitution.  But  to  the  true 
members  of  the  church  they  are  of  no 
more  ufe  than  a  bandage  for  binding 
a  found  limb  to  the  body  $  and  witti 
regard  to  falfc  members,  they  may  be 
compared  to  the  fattening  a  putri(ied 
limb  to  a  ibund  body.  The  more  the 
church  departed  from  its  primitive 
fiiftplicity,  and  afTumed  worldly  gran- 
deur, the  more  its  conftitution  deviat- 
ed into  a  political  fyftcm :  The  priefts 
began  to  hold  diets  or  meetings  digni- 
fied with  the  appellation  of.  councils  i 
they  enjoined  confedions  of  faith  at 
nerves  for  connecting  the  church's 
lifelefs  body,  and  they  made  canons  as 
laws }  an8  the  holy  fathers  accounting 
their  (lalis  fo  many  tribunals,  foon  got 
the  afccndant  over  princes,  fo  that  they 
eftabliihed  the  ecclefiaftical  adts  as  di- 
vine precepts  and  immutable  laws, 
ftrengthening  them  with  fevere  penal- 
ties, and  ordering  that  an  oath  (hould 
be  taken  to  obferve  them :  and  not  on- 
ly the  ignorant  people,  but  the  very 
princes  bowed  their  necks  to  receive 
this  vile  yoke.  In  thefe  diets  they  were 
not  unmindful  of  promoting  their  own 
welfare,  as  if  in  that  confided  the 
church's  profperity.  This  is  the  very 
foundation  of  the  Vatican.  Under  an 
increafe  of  power,  and  the  impolition 
of  oaths,  is  Antichrift  grown  up  to 
his  prefent  enormous  bulk.  But  let 
us  not  deceive  ourfelves.  The  man  of 
perdition,  Antichrift,  is  to  be  found 
in  all  places.  Whoever  makes  himfclf 
judge  over  his  brother's  confcience^ 
forcibly  obtrudes  on  him  his  own  ima- 
ginations, burthens  conferences  with 
terrible  oaths,  for  tbe  fake  of  human 
edids,  and  perfecutes  the  true  difci- 
plcs,  the  living  members  of  the  churchy 

fuch 


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^S^S  Encomium  on  Patriotifm. 

fuch  an  one>  whether  pope  or  king, 
clergy  or  layman,  isAntichrift.  Ma- 
ny popet  were  men  of  parts,  conflde- 
ration  and  piety,  and  there  have  been 
jnanjr  worthlefs  country  parfont  great 
Antichrifts  in  their  little  fpheres/* 

Encomium  on  Fatriotifm^from  RoufTeau^a 

Mifcellaneoua  Works. 

"T  T  is  certain  that  the  moft  miracu- 

X   lous  efforts  of  virtue  have  taken 

rife  from  patriotifm.    This  agreeable 

and  lively  fentiroent,   which  gives  to 


Oft. 

but  a  worthy  follower  df  Cato  wooid 
be  one  of  the  greateft»  The  virtue  of 
the  former  would  conftitute  his  happi- 
nfefs ;  the  latter  would  feek  his  happi- 
nefs  in  that  of  the  whole  fbciety.  We 
fliould  be  inftruaed  by  one,  and  di- 
red^ed  by  the  other  \  and  this  alone  k 
fufficitfntto  determine  the  preference 
between  them  :  for  there  never  were 
a  people  made  philoibphert,  but  h  is 
not  impoifible  to  make  a  people  hap- 
py/' 
In  his  letter,  addrefled  to  Voltaire, 


the  force  of  fjclf-love  all  the  beauty  of    in  defence  of  Divine  Providence,  fpeak 


virtue,  gives  it  alfo  an  energy,  which, 
without  making  it  unnatural,  renders 
it  the  moft  heroic  of  all  paflions.  It 
is  this  which  hath  produced  fo  many 
immortal  actions,  the  glory  of  which 
dazzles  our  Weak  eyes  t  It  is  this 
which  hath  produced  fo  many  great 
men,  whofe  antiquated  virtues  have 
paifed  for  mere  fables,  ever  Hnce  pa* 
triotifm  hath  been  turned  into  deri- 
ion.  Not  that  this  is  a  matter  of  fur 
prize:  the  tranfports  of  fafceptible 
liearts  appear,  in  like  manner,  altoge- 
ther chimerical  to  thofe  who  have  not, 
or  ^annot,  experience  them  ;  and  the 
]ove  of  one*s  country,  an  hundred 
times  moie  lively  and  delightful  than 
a  paflion  for  a  miftrefs,  cannot  be  con- 
ceived by  thofe  who  have  never  felt  it. 
But  it  is  eafy  to  remark  in  every  heart 
that  is  warmed  by  it,  in  atl  the  ac- 
tions it  infpires,  a  more  glowing,  more 
fublime  ardour,  than  attends  the  pu- 
reft  virtue  when  feparated  from  this 
paflion.  Let  us  oppofe  Socrates  even 
to  Cato ;  the  one  was  the  greater  phi- 
lofopher,  the  other  more  qf  the  citi- 
zen. Athens  was  already  ruined  in 
the  time  of  Socrates,  and  he  had  no 
other  country  than  the  univerfe.  Cato 
had  the  caule  of  his  country  ever  at 
heart  5  he  lived  only  for  its  welfare, 
and  could  not  furvive  its  deftmflion. 
The  virtue  of  Socrates  was  that  of  the 
wifeft  of  men  \  but  Cato,  compared 
with  Caefar  and  Pompey,  feems  to  be 
a  God  contending  with  meer  mortals. 
Socrates  inftru6(^  a  few  individuals, 
oppofed  the  fophifts,  and  died  a  martyr 
to  truth :  but  Cato  defended  his  coun- 
try, its  liberties  and  laws,  againft  the 
conquerors  of  the  world,  and  at  length 
leHgned  his  breath,  when  he  no  lon- 
ger had  a  country  to  ferve.  A  wor- 
thy pupil  of  Socrates  would  be  the 
moil  virtuous  of  his   cotemporaries  i 


ing  of  toleration,  he  fays,  •*  I  am  in- 
cenfed  as  well  as  you,  that  every  maa^s 
faith  (hould  not  be  left  at  perfed  li- 
berty \  and  that  man  ihould  dare  to 
\^y  a  reftraint  on  confcienee,  which 
it  is  impoifible  for  him  to  penetrate  i 
su  if  it  depended  on  ourfelves  to  be- 
lieve, or  not  to  believe,  refpeAin; 
things  incapable  of  demonftration,  or 
as  if  reafon  could  ever  be  fubjeded  to 
authority.  Have  the  kings  of  this 
world  any  infpe£tion  into  the  neat? 
And  have  they  a  right  to  torture  their 
fubje6is  here  below,  in  order  to  force 
them  into  paradife  ?  No.  Every  hu- 
man government  is  limited  by  its  na- 
ture to  civil  obligations  %  and,  what- 
ever that  fophill  Hobbes  may  fay  about 
the  matter,  if  a  man  difcharges  his 
duty  toward  the  ftate,  he  owes  no  ac- 
count to  any  one,  in  what  manner  he 
fervcs  God.  I  know  not  if  that  juft 
Being  will  not  one  day  punifli  every 
inftance  of  tvranny  exerciA^d  in  las 
name ;  at  leaft,  I  am  fure  he  wiJl  never 
juftify  them,  nor  refufe  eternal  bap- 

f>ineis  to  any  iincere  and  virtuous  be- 
iever.  Can  I  doubt,  without  oiiendiflg 
hisgoodnefs,  and  even  his  juiUce»tbatan 
upnght  heart  will  be  excufed  an  invo- 
luntary error,  or  that  irreproachable 
morals  are  not  more  eftimable  than  a 
thoufand  whimiical  modes  of  worihip 
prefcribed  by  authority,  and  reieOed 
by  reafon  f  I  will  go  farthers  if  it  were 
in  my  power  to  chufe,  to  purcbai^ 
good  works  at  the  ex)>ence  of  faith, 
and  to  make  up  for  mv  fuppofed  infi- 
delity, I  fliould  nothenute  a  moment; 
but  had  rather  have  to  fay  to  the  Dei- 
ty |  **  I  have  done,  without  thinking  of 
you,  the  good  which  is  agreeable  to 
you  s  my  heart  hath  been  inclined  to 
your  will  without  knowing  it  '^^  tbskn  to 
have  to  fay  to  him,  as  I  muft  one  day 
do,  '<  Alas,  I  love  and  yet  have  never 

ceaicd 


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[768.  To  kffen  the  cold  Fit  preceding  a  Fever. 

leafed  to  offend  you  \  I  have  known 
rour  wilJy  and  ytt  have  done  nothing 
ronfornuble  to  it/* 


52^ 


Tq  tbi  AUTHOR    9f  thi   LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  R»  Leigh»  June  189  1768. 

SO  very  ftrong  is  foraetimet  the 
cold  fit  preening  the  fever »  that 
t  is  more  dreaded  by  the  patient  than 
he  hot  one  itfelf. 

Wherefore  to  IciTen  this  fymptom, 
md  thereby  render  it  more  tolerable, 
pve,  before  the  fetting  on  of  the  cold- 
lefs,  li^ht  ale  with  a  little  ginger, 
ivhich  will  dilute  the  blood,  and  occa- 
ion  the  cold  fit  to  be  lefj. 

The  following  prefcription  is  very 
efficacious  to  this  purpofe,  as  it  well 
dilutes  and   feparates,    and    is  good 
igainft  tremors  in  the  extreme  parts. 
Re  Of  barley  water,  3  pints ; 

Common  oxymel,  3  ounces ; 

Sal  polychreftum,  %  drams  { 

Rhenim  wine,  4  ounces. 

Mix  them.    The  dofe  is  one  or 

two  ounces  or  more. 
Every  quarter  of  an  hour  after  the 
feizure  of  the  cold  fit,  or  rather  as 
foon  as  they  feel  it  approaching,  the 
patient  may  drink  even  twice  the 
quantity  warm,  and  fo  go  on  for  two 
hours  after  the  fever,  even  though  he 
throws  it  up  again. 

This  regimen  obferved,  he  will  be 
free;  it  always  fucceeds,  and  is  the  beft 
medicine  to  abate  the  coldnefs,  and 
fpafms,  attending  the  cold  fit,  and 
every  way  conducive  thereto :  it  is 
good  for  the  fubfequent  fever  like- 
wife* 

Oxymel  is  made  bv  boiling  only 
two  parts  of  dariiiea  honey,  with 
one  part  of  vinegar,  in  a  glazed  vef- 
fel,  over  a  gentle  fire,  to  the  thicknefs 
of  fyrup. 

Sal  Polychreftum  is  made  thus*, 
throw  in  by  degrees  into  a  red  hot 
crucible  a  mixture  of  lalt  petre  and 
flower  of  Brimllone  equal  parts.  Let 
them  ftand  in  fuHon  two  or  three 
hours.  Pour  it  into  a  clean,  dry, 
copper  veflel  \  when  cold  powder  and 
diHolveit  in  water;  filter  it  through 
paper,  then  evaporate  it,  which  will 
render  the  cryftalized  fait  very  white. 
Heifter,  in  his  600  and  odd  cafes,  ufed 
it  much. 

'  This  compound  felt,  formerly  cried 
up  fo,  much   for  the  many  virtues  its 
Oa.  1768. 


name  imports,  is  now  thought  fuch  a 
trifle,  as  to  be  excluded  the  laft  refor- 
mation of  theDifpenfatory,  and  really 
fal  prunel  is  preferable,  which  is  made 
almoft  the  fame  way,  but  with  left 
fulphur  and  trouble,  and  that  thrown 
in  too  by  little  and  little  after  the  nitre 
is  melted  $  but  removed  from  the  fun* 
nel  foon  afier  the  conflagration  is  over. 

But  after  all,  either  is  an  idle  pro« 
cefs,  and  pure  nitre,  aliast  faltpetret 
is  better  than  both.  For  the  volatile 
and  watery  parts  likewife  of  the  nitre 
is  carried  off  by  the  fulphur,  and  no 
ways  to  the  advantage  of  the  medi- 
cine. So  inftead  of  fal  polychreftum, 
fo  tedious  to  prepare,  and  now  become 
much  out  ot  ufe,  plain  fait- petre,  or 
fal  prunel,  with  thofe  who  are  ftiH 
wedded  to  it  will  do  better  by  far ;  at 
we  (hall  fully  (hew  hereafter  in  our  in- 
tended reformation  of  phyfic,  and  the 
apothecary's  (hop. 

Curious  Leeuwenhoeck  tells  us,  that 
thofe  two  fal  ts,  by  this  procefs  combined 
into  one  may  be  feen  with  a  microf- 
cope  floating  about  fingly  and  fepa- 
rately  when  mixed  with  warm  blood. 
Your's,  J.  Cook. 

r«  the  AUTHOR  of  thi  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,  Leigh,  July  10,  1768. 

APhrenzy  has  been  happily  cured 
by  a  large  and  fudden  bleeding 
at  the  nofe.  Severinus  therefore,  in 
imitation  of  nature,  cured  many  of 
this  moft  melancholy  calamity  by  cut- 
ting the  temporal  artery,  as  I  myfelf 
have  done  on  other  occafions  with  iuc- 
cels. 

The  reafon  is  good,  becaufe  bleed- 
ing takes  away  only  the  force  of  the 
blood  returning  towards  the  heart, 
but  the  fedtion  of  an  artery  takes  off 
the  force  of  the  blood  flowing  dire£tly 
from  the  heart. 

A  decoftion  of  Tamarinds  with  the 
juice  of  Lemons,  and  nitre,  is  an  ex- 
cellent medicine  in  a  phrenzy,  of 
which  the  patient  may  with  lafcty, 
take  fuch  large  draughts,  or  oftcn^ 
till  he  labours  under  a  Diarrhce;a»  by 
which  the  diftempcr  has  bsen  happiljr 
removed,  and  from  thence  no  manner 
of  danger  is  to  he  apprehended. 

Yours,         J.  Cook. 
An  exctUent  rejirintrent  Balfam, 

TAKE,  ofoil  of  vitriol  flvedrams; 
Oil  of  turpentine  two  drams ; 
X  X  X  '      Gradually 


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Hint  to  Farmers,  tSc. 


5iO 

Gradually  mix  them  in  an  open 
vclTely  notofmeul>  then  add,  a  little 
at  a  time,  two  ounces  of  fpiritt  of 
wine  \  by  ihaking  them  in  a  phyal, 
the  mixture  becomes  a  balfamt  to  be 
kept  for  ufe. 

The  dofe  to  adults  is  thirty  or  forty 
drops  in  any  convenient  vehicle  for 
any  kind  of  haemorrhage*  or  bleeding, 
and  for  an  overflow  of  the  menies 
alfo. 

For  the  females  fake  I  acquaint  them 
hertf  that  the  flow  of  the  menftroa, 
unlefs  in  a  malignant  fmall  pox,  al- 
though not  at  a  flated  period  is  not  a 
lymptom  always  fo  terrifying,  as  it 
frequently  happens  to  women  during 
the  time  of  their  pregnancy,  and  in  a 
lew  days,  without  the  help  of  any  me- 
dicine, ceafes  of  itfelf. 

J.  Coox. 

To  tbi  AUTHOR  of  the   LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

IT  is  aflcrted  in  the  fourth  of  the 
thirty  nine  articles  of  our  church, 
that  Chrift  afcended  into  heaven  with 
flefli,  bones,  and  all  things  appertain- 
ing to  the  perfe^lion  of  man's  nature- -- 
now  as,  at  prefent,  I  cannot  by  any 
means  reconcile  this  aflertion  to  the  (a- 
cred  fcriptures,  and  yet  mufl  fubfcribe 
it  again,  if  I  would  ever  enjoy  any 

gre,ferment  in  the  church  j  I  would 
eg  therefore  the  favour  of  your  in- 
serting this  in  your  next  Magazine, 
as  I  mould  be  obliged  to  any  of  my 
brethren  of  the  clergy,  who  would  be 
fo  kind  as  to  give  me  their  brotherly 
afliftanct  in  order  to  the  fatisfying  ray 
fcruples  on  this  head.  ^ 
I  am,  $ir. 
Your  conltant  reader, 

A  Country  Curate* 
N.  B.  The  texts,  which  th;s  at  tide 
feems    molt    exprefsly  to  contradidt, 
are  x  Cor.  xv.  50.  and  Phil.  iii.  ai. 

TbefoWrwing  ExtraB  may  be  aaeptabit 
to  many  of  our  Country  Readers. 


oa. 


was  taken  to  provide  greater  plenty 
of  food  agreeable  to  them,  their  nmn- 
ber  might  be  greatly  increafed.  If 
pigs  haverings  put  in  thdr  noict  early, 
they  may  be  put  to-feed  00  lucem,  or 
clover,  which  they  ai'e  very  fond  of. 
In  Germany  the  method  is  to  cut  df 
with  a  pair  of  fciflars  the  griftly  fnoot 
or  nofe,  by  which  alone  they  are  ena- 
bled to  grub  up  the  gronod  \  no  harm 
whatever  will  follow  to  the  pig,  for  it 
will  feed  again  in  half  an  hour  after 
the  operation.  I  cannot  here  avoid 
cenfuring  a  ftrange  inattention  in  our 
country  inhabitants,  who  have  long 
been  told  of  the  excellency  of  parfnept 
for  fwine,  yet  have  fcarcely  ever  railed 
a  parOiep  for  that  porpofe.  In  Britany, 
where  they  have  been  long  in  ufe,  a 
well  as  in  Guemfey  and  Jerfey,  they 
reckon  a  good  crop  of  parifnepe  eqmd 
in  value  to  two  crops  of  wheat,  chiefly 
for  the  nourifliing  of  fwine  and  oi 
cattle.  There  is  not  any  food  that 
fattens  the  flrft  fooner,  or  gives  a  bet- 
ter relifli  to  their  flelh.  For  this  por- 
pofe they  are  fliced  or  boiled  a  little. 
The  wafte  liquors  of  the  kitchen  are 
very  proper  for  this  purpoie.  Whea 
cows  are  fed  with  them,  they  gift 
plenty  of  excellently  well  reliflied  nSlk, 
which,  in  the  dead  of  winter,  yields 
well  flavoured  buttery  and  yet  this 
moft  ufefnl  plant  has  been  hitherto  en- 
tirely negleaed  as  a  food  for  cattle.  The 
reafon  feems  to  be,  that  many  peopla 
have  conceived  an  opinion  that  parf* 
neps  are  not  wholefome  food  for  men  s 
but  I  can,  from  my  own  experience, 
as  well  as  that  of  others,  amrm  that 
they  are  very  wholefome,  and  more 
wholefome  than  perhaps  any  other 
root.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  pre- 
mium offered  by  the  fociety  of  aits, 
for  the  beft  manner  of  feeding  hogs, 
may  bring  to  light  fome  ufefid  hintton 
this  fubjctt.*'  [See  Refofitory  fhr Jl^& 
Pieces  im  Agriculture^  Ho,  I.] 

A'  N  ingenious  paper  on  the  cultur 
.  and  management  of  hemp  and 
flax,  lately  publiflied  *,  contains  the 
following  obfervations  on  the  horfe- 
cheftnut,  which  may  be  acceptable 
and  ufefiil,  we  think,  to  oar  readers, 
who  are  converfant  in  agriculture. 

The  horfe-cheftnut  has  hitherto  been 
cultivated  only  for  its  dDaLdt^  beauty 
in  fpring,  and  ^eedy  growth,  la 
Turkey,   the  nuts  are  given  to  borfts 

afflidei 
•  In  tbe  Refojkory  for  feleQ  Pieces  in  A^icuiiHre^  &c 


"  'T^HERE  is  not  any  domcftic 
JL  animal  perhaps  more  profitable 
to  the  Farmer  than  a  fow.  it  comes 
the  fooneil  to  perfe6lion  of  any  crea- 
ture of  the  fize,  is  very  prolific,  and 
afFoids  great  variety  ot  nourifhment. 
Its  food  is  in  a  great  meafure  the  of- 
fals of  the  farm-houfei    and  if  care 


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y68.  Obferoa lions  on 

[Hided  with  (hortnefs  of  breath  ;  and 
eace  the  tree  has  its  name.  Late 
cperience  has  taught  us,  that  the 
ats  are  very  efficacious  in  whitening 
empy  flax  or  cloth,  and  the  tree  is  on 
lis  mccount  more  worthy  of  cultiva- 
on.  A  foil  that  is  rather  moift  than 
ry,  agrees  beft  with  it,  and  it  is  ea- 
ly  propagated  by  the  nuts.  Cattle 
nd  ibeep  are  fond  of  the  leaves  of 
le  horfe-che(lnut,^and  they  are  found 
3  be  good  nounihment  for  them. 
f  boiling  water  be  poured  upon  the 
uts,  to  take  off  their  bitternefs,  they 
ecome  excellent  food  for  fattening 
ogs  and  fowls.  They  may  alfo  be 
lade  into  ftarch. 

When  the  nuts  are  ufed  for  whiten- 
Dg  hemp  or  flax  before  they  are 
cutched,  or  thread  before  it  is  wove, 
hey  (hoiild  be  rafped  into  water,  in 
^hich  the  rafpings  are  to  remain  for 
welve  hours,  ftirring  the  liauor  fre- 
quently.   It  is  then   to  fettle  for   a 


the  Norfe  a^eftnut.  531 

quarter  of  an  hour,  when  the  white 
liquor  refembling  a  folution  of  foap, 
and  frothing  like  it,  is  poured  off.  If 
the  nuts  are  to  be  made  ufe  of  in  a 
large  quantity,  they  muft  be  broken 
into  a  pafte,  or  dried,  or  ground  in 
a  mill.  Either  way  they  readily  dif- 
folve  in  water,  and  communicate  to  it 
their  faponaceous  quality.  Twenty 
middling  cheftnuts^are  fufficient  for  fix 
quarts  of  water,  which,  *  when  ufed, 
muft  be  made  fo  warm  that  the  hand 
can  fcarcely  bear  it.  What  fettles  at 
the  bottom  is  very  good  for  fowls,  be* 
ing  mixed  with  bran. 

This  liquor  is  alfo  of  lingular  ad« 
vantage  in  the  firft  fcouring  of  (ilk, 
for  it  will  not  only  brighten  its  colour, 
but  it  will  iit  it  the  better  to  receive 
any  other  colour.  If  the  cocoons 
were  put  into  this  liquor,  when  the 
filk  is  reeled  off,  we  fhould  have  much 
lefs  of  it  yellow.** 


Mr.  Reed's  S^ueftion  in  p.  304.  anfwered  by  VfilWiLtti  Crakelt. 

CONSTRUCTION.  Defcribe  a  rightanglcd 
BC  may  be  triangle  ACB,  whofe  legs  AC, 
BC  may  be  30  and  40  chains  rcfpcftivcly  :  and 
Tom  C,  as  centre,  with  a  radius  equal  to  60  chains, 
lefcribe  a  circular  arc  interfe£ling  AB,  produced  r^i 
30th  ways,  in  E  and  F  :  then  bifeft  this  arc  in  G,  ^ 
md  draw  the  lines  AG,  BG,  and  CABG  will  be 
he  trapezium  required :  iince  the  triangle  ACB  _ 

>eing  of  a  given  magnitude,  the  tra{}ezium  will  be  the  greateft  pofTible,  when 
he  diagonal CG  terminates  in  the  higheft  point  of  the  cu-cular  arc,  or  is  per- 
lendicular  to  theother  diagonal  AB  — the  calculation  will  from  hence  be  very 
afy,  and  come  out  for  AB  50  chains}  for  AD  18  ;  for  BD  31J  for  CD  24) 
or  GD  36  5  for  AG  40.  «49i,  and  for  BG  48.1663,  ,&c.  chains. 


The  Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V. 
from  p,  469. 


Continued 


THE  nobility  of  Rome,    and  the 
country  round  about   it,    were 
arrived  to  that  height  of  vice  and  in* 
blcncc,  in  the  reign  of  Gregory  XIII. 
bat  they  had  entirely  given    up  all 
H^tenfions  to  common  juftice  and  ho- 
M$fW.    Many  of  them,  who  had  con- 
paed  laree  debts  with  the  merchants 
|nd  tradelmen,  without  any  defign  of 
V  pajring  them,  ufed  to  (end  them 
ray  with  threats  and    hard    words, 
ben  they  afked    for   their   money ; 
id  if  they  came  a  fecond  time  to  treat 
lem  with  a  good  baftonading,  and  tell 

ttm,  "  They  would  knock  them  on 

i' 

\ 


the  head,  if  they  ^ave  theih  any  fur- 
ther trouble  ;'*  which  frightened  them 
fo,  that  they  durft  not  go  to  law  with 
them,  for  fear  of  lofing  their  lives  at 
well  as  their  money. 

Sixtus,  who  had  taken  notice  of 
thefe  things  before  he  came  to  the  pa- 
pacy, and  was  refolved  to  put  an  end 
to  fuch  arbitrary  and  unjuft  proceed- 
ings, fent  for  a  gentleman  that  had 
owed  a  large  fum  of  money,  for  a  con- 
fiderable  time,  to  a  draper*  and  always 
u(j^d  to  OiufHle  him  off,  when  he  came 
to  demand  payment,  with  faying, 
"  That  gentlemen  never  payed  their 
debts,  but  when  they  plcafed.'*  When 
he  came  before  the  Pope,  together 
with  the  draper,  who  was  likewiie  fsnt 

X  X  X  a  for. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


53« 


LIFE     OF 


oa. 


fort  he  not  only  made  him  pay  the 
-money  down  immediately,  but  fent 
him  to  prifon,  and  ordered  a  procefs 
agdnft  him,  for  having  unjuftty  de- 
tained it  To  long:  He,  at  tbe  fame 
time,  commanded  all  the  merchants 
and  tradefmen  to  bring  him  in  a  lift  of 
their  debts,  with  the  names  of  the  peo- 
ple that  owed  them,  which  he  paid  ofF, 
and  took  upon  himfelf.  This  gave 
fuch  an  alarm,  that  many,  who  were 
indebted  to  tbe  merchants,  went  to 
pay  them  that  very  night,  bemng  Of 
them,  forGod*s  fake,  to  croU  their 
suimes  out  of  their  books,  and  give 
them  fuch  receipts,  as  might  (hew  as 
if  they  had  been  paid  long  ago,  left  the 
pope  (hould  come  to  know  it.  This 
fear  was  not  without  reafon  ;  for  one 
of  the  fpies  having  informed  Sixtus, 
that  a  certain  merchant  had  concealed, 
or  not  delivered  in  a  debt  due  to  him, 
from  a  gentleman  of  confiderable  for- 
tune, he  fent  for  his  books,  and  find- 
ing it  true,  he,  in  vain,  endeavoured 
to  clear  himfelf.  by  faying,  *•  He  was 
paid,  and  had  forgot  to  take  it  out  of 
his  book  ;  for  the  Pope,  declaring  he 
bad  been  guilty  of  difobeying  his  or- 
ders, delivered  him  into  the  hands  of 
juftice,  to  be  punifhed  for  his  crime. 

Sixtus  took  away  the  privileges  of  the 
cardinals  menial  fervants  and  domef- 
ticks,  compelling  them  to  pay  their 
creditors  who  they  nfed  fcandaloufly 
to  trifle  with.  In  the  mean  time  he 
generoufly  paid  the  debts  of  people 
who  had  met  with  misfortunes,  and 
were  not  able  to  do  it  ihemfelves  :  By 
which  means  he  foon  reidored  the  pub- 
lic credit,  and  faved  many  families 
from  deftruflion.  As  to  thofe  cerdi- 
Bals  whofe  revenues  were  not  fufficient 
to  fupport  their  dignity,  without  bor- 
sowing  money,  he  immediately,  upon 
enquiry  into  their  debts,  fent  them 
money  to  difcharge  them.  He  forbid 
every  one  to  draw  a  fword,  on  pain  of 
death,  or  to  carry  arirs  that  had 
been  prohibited.  This  kept  men  of 
hafty  and  quarrellbme  tempers  in  fb 
much  awe,  that  they  durft  not  even  go 
to  fifty-cuffs  i  but  were  forced  to  con- 
tent themfelves  with  faying,  "  Well ! 
Sixtus  cannot  live  for  ever."  Moft  of 
the  gentlemen  left  their  fwords  at 
tiome  $  and  they  that  could  not  be  pre- 
vailed upon  to  do  Co,  took  great  care  not 
to  make  any  ufe  of  them.  About  this 
time  there  fame  out  a  Pafquiuade,   in 


which  Pafquin  was  reprefented  on  hoHe. 
back,  galloping  off  as  faft  as  be  couk!, 
and  Marforio  aiking,  ••  Why  fe  faft  r 
He  anfwered,  "  It's  time  to  get  away, 
faith,  the  Pope  is  in  fuch  a  hnraour, 
that  I  believe  he  would  (hew  no  favoar 
to  Jefus  Chrift  himfelf,"  By  an  edia, 
in  his  firft  condftory  Sixtus  enjoined 
all  prelates  to  repair  to  their  dioceles, 
and  not  to  leave  them,  upon  any  ac- 
count, for  tbe  fpace  of  fix  months.  Re 
prudently  and  refolotely  cleared  tbe 
ecclefialhcal  ftate  of  the  banditti  who 
had  )on|r  infefted  it,  and  committed  a 
a  prodigious  number  of  robberies  and 
murders.  In  (hort,  thofe  wbo  had 
ften  the  great  licence  and  debanchery 
of  Gregory's  days,  were  aftoniftied  to 
find  fo  great  a  reformation,  wrought 
by  thefe  feverities,  in  the  fpace  oft 
few  months,  throughout  the  whole 
city  and  country.  Greater  regalaritt 
and  decorum  could  not  be  obferved 
in  a  convent,  than  there  was,  now, 
in  every  private  family  nor  were  tbe 
religious  houfes  ever  better  governed. 
Sixtus  behaved  with  equal  rigourto- 
wards  the  greateft  princes*  for  before 
he   had    l^en  five  months    Pope  be 

Quarrelled  with  Philip  il  of  Spaio, 
[enry  III  of  France,  and  Henry  king 
of  Navarre,  on  various  caufea  in  fup* 
port  of  his  pontifical  and  temporal 
authority,  and  excommunicated  the 
latter^  with  the  prince  of  Ccmde: 
Yet,  when  his  anger  was  a  little  fub- 
fided  againft  the  king  of  Navarre,  he 
did  juftice  to  his  great  qualities,  and 
would  not  contribute  one  fliilUi^  to 
the  Uagut.  He  often  ikid,  V  Three 
fuch  princes  as  Henry  of  Navarre, 
Elizabeth  of  England,  and  Sixtus  of 
Rome,  were  fufncient  to  govern  tbe 
world,*'  That  queen  had  no  lefsan 
efteem  for  him ;   and  when  any  body 

^ke  to  her  of  matrimony,  uied  to 
^ ,  in  a  jocofe  manner,  *<  I  wiQ  have 
nobody  but  Pope  Sixtus."  Which  be- 
ing told  to  him,  he  laughed  and  faid, 
**  If  we  were  to  lie  toge3ierone  nigh^ 
we  fhould  get  another  Alexander.*" 
His  management  with  the  feveral  great 
powers  o?  Europe  was  refined,  and 
ftiewed  him  to  be  a  great  mafter  in 
politicks  ;  but  we  fhall  not  be  particu- 
lar in  thofe  matters  as  hiflory  has  done 
juftice  to  his  charader.  He,  after 
lome  time,  (hewed  great  favour  and 
gratitude  to  all  thofe  from  whom  he  bad 
received  any  good  officesj  of  ail  which 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


POPE    SIXTUS    V. 


1 768. 

lie  had  kept  an  account  when  he  was  a 
monk,  in  hU  diaries,  with  the  names 
of  his  beneFa^lors,  which  he  called  bis 
wnemenio  <vi<vorum.  Three  of  thefe  dia- 
ries he  had  m?dc  when  a  monk,  and 
another  when  he  came  to  be  cardinal. 
Wc  (hall  give  an  inftance  or  two  of  the 
ufc  he  made  of  them. 

**  Whilft  he  was  bachelor  in  divi- 
nity,  and  reiided  at  Macerata,  he 
went,  one  day,  tb  a  ihoemaker's  fhop, 
to  buy  a  pair  of  (hoes;  after  they  had 
difputed  a  good  while  about  the  price, 
the  (hoemi.ker  told  him,  "  He  would 
take  no  lefs  than  fcven  Julios."  Mon- 
talro  could  not  afford  then  to  give 
more  than  fix  \  and  faid,  «  Perhaps, 
I  ihall  be  able  to  give  you  the  feventh 
Tome  time  or  other/*  Some  time  or 
other,  replied  the  (hoemaker,  but  when 
will  that  be  >  When  you  come  to  be 
pope  ?"  **  Yes,  faid  Montalto,  that  I 
will,  with  all  my  heart,  and  pay  you 
intereft  for  your  money  too."  •*  Well 
then,  anfwered  the  (hoemaker,  (ince  I 
fee  )  ou  are  not  without  hopes  of  being 
Pope,  you  (hall  e*en  have  them  upon 
thofe  terms."'  Montalto  aiked  him  hit 
ivame,  and  ^id,  "  He  would  be  fure  to 
remember  the  bargain,''  which  fct 
the  (hoemaker  a  laughing.  This  he 
put  down  in  his  diary,  amongft  other 
occurrences  of  the  day,  at  his  return 
to  the  convent. 

When  he  met  with  it,  in  turning 
over  his  journal,  after  he  was  pope, 
lie  fent  to  Macerata,  to  know  if  the 
Ihoemaker  was  yet  alive }  and  being 
informed  that  he  was,  he  ordered  the 

fovernor  of  that  place  to  fend  him  up 
ire^l>  to  Rome,  guarded  b^  one  of 
ills  officers,  without  letting  hrai  know 
the  reafonofit. 

As  it  was  above  forty  years  (ince 
this  affair  happened,  the  (hoemaker 
had  entirely  torgot  it,  and  could  not 
conceive  the  meaning  of  being  fent  for 
by  bis  holinefs.  As  foon  as  he  arrived 
at  Rome,  he  was  introduced  into  the 

Sope's  pre(ence,  who  a(ked  him,  "  If 
e  bad  ever  feen  him  at  Macerata/* 
The  poor  (hoemaker,  almoft  frighted 
out  of  bis  wits,  faid,  <*  Never,  that 
he  recoUcfted."  •«  No,  fays  Sixtus, 
don't  you  remember  that  I  once  bought 
a  pair  of  (hoes  of  you  there  ?**  The 
ihoemaker,  more  confounded  than 
ever,  faid,  «  He  knew  nothing  at  all 
of  the  matter."  ««  Well,  then,  fayt 
the  Pope,   I  muft  remember  for  you  j 


533 

I  am  in  your  debt,  and  fent  for  you 
hither  to  be  payed.**  The  (hoemaker, 
who  could  not  comprehend  the  mean- 
ing of  this,  flood  fpeechlels,  till  the 
pope  explained  the  myftery,  by  faying, 
<*  You  formerly  fold  me  a  pair  of  flioes, 
in  the  price  of  which  you  gave  me  cre^ 
dit  for  a  Julio  ;  that  I  promifed  to  pay 
you  with  intereft  when  I  was  pope  1 
now  that  is  come  to  pa(s,  I  have  a 
mind  to  (hew  myfelf  an  honeft'man, 
by  being  as  good  as  my  word  f*  and 
immediately  ordered  his  majordomo  to 
fee  how  much  the  intereft  of  a  julio, 
at  5  per  cent,  came  to  in  40  years,  and 
then  to  pay  him  both  principal  and  in- 
tereft, difmi(rmg  him  with,  i^ulate  i* 
face,  go  in  peace.  The  (hoemaker 
went  away  very  well  pleafed,  and  had 
already  fwallowed  a  large  fum ;  but 
when  the  majordomo  came  to  him 
again,  with  three  julios  in  his  hand,  and 
faid,  «•  There's  your  money,  write  a 
receipt  for  it,**  he  began  to  mutter  % 
and  meeting  fome  of  his  countrymen, 
who  waited,  with  impatience,  at  the 
gates,  to  know  what  he  was  fent  for,, 
he  told  them,  «  His  holinefs  had 
made  him  come  to  Rome  only  to  pay 
him  three  julios }  complaining,  that  hit 
journey  had  already  coft  him  above 
twenty  crowns,  without  reckoning  the 
expence  pf  his  return.** 

Sixtus  could  not  help  laughing  very 
heartily,  when  his  fpies  gave  him  an 
account  of  the  (hoemaker*s  behaviouri 
and  that  he  was  fetting  out  again  di- 
redlly  for  Macerata,  in  a  very  peevi(h 
humour.  But  he  had  fcarcely  ROt  out 
of  Rome,  before  he  was  overtsucen  by 
a  me(renger,  with  orders  to  return; 
*'  for  his  holinefs  had  forgot  fomething 
that  he  de(igned  to  fay  to  him.**  When 
he  came  before  the  pope  afecond  time, 
be  was  afked  by  him,  <<  Whether  he 
had  any  (on  I**  andan(wering,  '<  That 
he  had  one,  who  was  in  orders  and  a 
fervite,**  the  pope  bid  him  fend  for 
him  to  Rome,  and  ftay  himfelf  till  he 
came.  In  the  mean  time,  he  made  a 
ftri^b  enquiry  into  his  life. and  con- 
verfation  j  and  finding  him  a  man  of 
good  chara6ler,  he  gave  him  a  bi(hop- 
rick  in  the  kingdom  of  Naples.  The 
(hoemaker  coming,  foon  after  to  return  ^ 
thanks,  Sixtus  faid  to  him,  «  We 
hope  you  are  now  fatisfied  for  the  ufe 
of  your  fulio.** 

Not  lefs  grateful  and  humourous  wat 

his  behaviour  to  Father  Salviati,  of  the 

Auguftiuo 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


534 

Auguftine  order.  We  have  already 
taken  notice  of  the  manner  in  which  he 
left  Florence,  in  the  year  1564,  upon 
the  account  of  fome  dijputes  with  his  ge- 
neral, who  fent  to  all  the  convents  of  the 
Francifcans,  betwixt  there  and  I^ome, 
to  apprehend  and  confine  him  as  a  de- 
ferter;  that  Montalto  fufpefting  it, 
took  another  rout,  and  ;ivoided  ^  all 
the  houfcs  of  that  order.  In  this  ex- 
pedition he  arrived,  one  evening,  at  a 
convent  of  Auguftinei,  of  which  Fa- 
ther Salviati,  a  voung  man,  very  civil 
and  obliging  in  nis  behaviour,  was  the 
prior.  Thongh  Montalto  thought  fit 
to  conceal  the  rank  he  held  in  his  or- 
der from  him,  he,  neverthelefs,  re- 
ceived him  very  hofpitably;  and,  as  the 
chamber  where  ftrangers  ufually  lodg- 
ed at  that  time,  happened  to  be  out 
of  repair,  he  gave  him  part  of  his  own 
bed.  When  Montalto  took  his  leave, 
in  the  morning,  either  becaufe  he  real- 
ly wanted  money,  or  to  make  a  trial 
of  his  friendfhip,  he  afked  him  to  lend 
him  four  crowns,  which  he  promifed 
to  pay  again  in  a  fhort  time.  Salvia- 
ti readily  complied  with  the  requeft, 
and  took  his  note,  which  he  had  wrote 
in  a  different  hand  from  what  he  com- 
monly ufed,  and  (i|;ned  with  a  iham 
name.  The  Auguttine  having  waited 
a  long  time  without  hearing  any  thing 
from  hi#  debtor^  alked  fome  of  the 
Francifcans  if  they  knew  fuch  a  one  of 
their  order,  calling  him  by  the  name 
which  he  had  fubfcribed  to  the  note, 
but  could  not  get  any  intelligence  of 
him,  there  being  no  religious  of*  that 
name,  that  he  could  find,  amongft  the 
Francifcans.  Sixtus,  meetine  with  an 
account  of  this  adventure  in  his  joinr- 
nal,  ordered  the  general  of  the  Au- 
guftines  to  fend  for  father  Salviati,  if 
he  was  yet  alive,  for  he  wanted  to  fee 
and  fpeak  to  him;  This  religious  be- 
ing engaged,  at  that  time,  in  a  quarrel 
with  his  bifhop,  about  fome  trifling 
matter  (as  is  often  the  cafe  betwixt 
bifhops  and  regulars)  the  bifhop  com- 
plained of  him  to  the  congregation  of 
cardinals,  that  is  appointed  to  adjuft 
fuch  difputes ;  and  the  general  imagin- 
ed his  hoiinefs  had  fent  for  SaUiati,  to 
reprimand,  or,  perhaps,  to  punifh 
him  for  his  contumacy  :  He  was  con- 
firmed in  his  opinion,  by  the  |;rave, 
or  rather  angry  manner,  in  which  he 
had  given  him  that  order;  and,  think- 
ing it  would  pleafe  the  pope,  delivered 


Gratititde  op  Sixtus. 


oa. 


him  into  the  hands  of  four  monks,  to 
be  guarded  by  them  all  the  way,  who 
were  as  lordly,  and  kept  as  fkiiSt  a 
watch  6ver  him^  as  if  they  had  been  Co 
many  archers. 

The  bifhop,  hearing  of  the  manner 
in  which  Salviati  was  conducted  to 
Rome,  began  to  triumph  exceedingly, 
as  he  thought  it  was  in  confequence  of 
the  complaint  he  had  made  againft 
him  by  the  cardinals  to  the  pope,  who, 
he  did  not  queflion,  would  handle  him 
with  his  ufual  feverity  ;  and  could  not 
help    faying   to  his   chapter,    in  the 

faicty  of  his  heart,  "  I  am  mighty  glad 
have  found  a  way  to  curb  the  info- 
lence  of  this  Augufline ;  we  muft  do 
thefe  things  fometimes,  to  humble 
fuch  people,  and  teach  them  to  behave 
with  proper  rcfpcft  to  their  bifhop.** 

Salviati  thought  himfelf  ruined  j  all 
his  friends  advifed  him  to  wait  upon 
the  bifhop,    and^make  a  fubmiflion  to 
him,  to  lee  if  it  was  poflible  to  foften 
him  that  way;    but  the  monks  that 
were  fent  to  attend  him,    were  fo  offi- 
cious, they  would  not  give  him  time  to 
do  this.    When  he  arrived  at  Rome, 
he  was  carried  d\rt&\y  to  the  pope, 
bj^  his  general,  who,  being  ordered  to 
withdraw,  left  him  alone  with  his  ho- 
iinefs: Poor  Salviati  trembled  fo,  that 
he  could  hardly  fpeak  ;   and  began  to 
make  apologies  and  excufes  for  his  be- 
haviour to  the  bifhop,  as  he  could  not 
poflibly  think  of  any  other  reafon  why 
he  was  fent  for :    bixtus,    who  knew 
nothing  at  all  of  this  difference,    pre- 
tended to  be  acquainted  with  it,    and 
faid,   "  You  are  highly  to  be  blamed 
for  behaving  in  that  dilrefpe6tful  man- 
ner to  ^ur  bifhop,  who  is  a  prelate  of 
ereat  worth  :  But  that  is  not  the  occa- 
iion  of  our  fending  for  you  at  prefent  1 
You  are  accufed  of  embezzling  the 
goods  and  revenue  of  your  convent, 
which  we  (hall  call  you  to  an  account 
for;  but  firfl  we  are  willing  to  hear  what 
you  have  to  fay  for  yourfelf."     Salvia- 
ti took  a  little  courage,  when  he  found 
he  was  fent  for  upon   an  aii^ir  that 
would  prove  much  to  his  honour,  if  it 
came  to  be  examined  into,  as  he  had 
confiderably  augmented  the  eftate  of 
the  convent,  by  his  good  management 
and  cecouomy  ;   and  faid,   in  a  very 
humble  manner,  "  He  fhould  willingly 
fubmit  to  any  punifhment  his  holinen 
thought  proper  to  inflidl  upon  bim^ 
if  he  waa  found  guilty  of  what  he 

charged 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768- 


His  Humouro 


charged  him  with/*  Sixtus  replied, 
in  a  ftern  manner,  "  Take  care  what 
you  far,  we  have  proof  fUfficient  to 
coDvitt  you.  Is  it  not  true,  that  when 
Toa  waa  prior  of  an  Auguftine  convent, 
mthe  vear  1^64,  a  religious  of  the 
Francifcan  order  lodged  with  you  one 
night,  and  borrowed  tour  crowns  when 
he  went  away  the  next  morning, 
which  he  never  payed  you  again  ?  Now, 
we  defire  to  know,  what  right  you 
had  to  difpofe  of  your  convent^s 
money,  in  that  manner.**  Saiviati 
recoUeded  the  thing,  but  did  not  in 
the  leaft  dream,  that  Sixtus  was  the 
perfon  he  had  formerly  lent  the  money 
to ;  and  ventured  to  fay,  **  It  is  very 
true,  moft  holy  father ;  and  I  (hould 
have  lent  him  more  if  he  had  aiked 
me,  for  he  feeraed  to  be  an  honeft 
man,  but  he  proved  a  knave,  and  a 
rafcal,  and  gave  me  a  note  with  a  (ham 
name  to  it  i  and,  notwithftanding  I 
have  made  all  poflTible  enquiries,  I 
have  never  been  able  to  hear  any  thing 
of  him.**  The  pope  could  not  for- 
bear fmiling,  and  (aid,  "  You  need 
not  be  at  any  farther  trouble  in  your 
enquiries  $  for,  take  my  word  for  it, 
you  will  never  find  him  :  But  he  has 
ordered  us  to  pay  that  debt,  and  re* 
turn  you  hit  thanks.  Are  you  content 
to  take  us  *or  your  debtor  T*  Saiviati, 
upon  this,  be|ran  to  think  he  remem- 
bered fomethmg  of  his  face,  and  to 
fufpe^  he  was  the  very  man  ;  fo  that 
the  pleafure  he  received  from  what  the 
pope  faid  lai(,  was  much  abated  by  the 
fear  he  was  in,  of  having  provoked 
him  by  the  har(h  names  of  knave  and 
rafcal.  Sixtus,  who  eafily  perceived, 
from  outward  appearances,  how  vio- 
lently he  was  agiuted  within,  and 
was  impatient  to  acknowledge  the  fa- 
vours he  had  received  from  nim,  put 
an  end  to  his  pain,  by  faying,  "  It  is 
high  time  to  (hew  our  gratitude  j  we 
are  the  perfon  you  was  fo  kind  toj 
and  at  you  received  us  hofpitabljr  in 
your  convent,  it  is  but  juft  we  (hoi/ld 
entertain  you  in  the  fame  manners 
And  calling  for  Cardinal  Montalto, 
he  ordered  him  to  appoint  Saiviati  an 
apartment  in  his  palace,  and  to  enter- 
tain him  at  his  table,  till  he  found 
fome  way  of  providing  for  him. 

The  general  of  the  Auguftiues,  who 
waited  to  fee  the  itTue  of  this  inter- 
view, was  very  wtU  pieaied  to  find  it 
ib  different  from  what  he  expend  s  and 


US    Behaviour.  535 

went  with  Saiviati  to  wait  upon  Cardi- 
nal Montalto,  who  treated  them  with 
much  courtefy  and  complaifance : 
But  it  is  fcarce  poffible  to  exprefs  the 
aftonifhment  of  the  bi(hop, ,  when  he 
was  informed  by  a  friend  (whom  he 
had  dcfired  to  fend  him  an  exaft  ac- 
count of  the  proceedings  againft  Sai- 
viati), ««  That  inftcad  of  being  fcnt  to 
be  puniihed  for  his  infolence,  as  he 
expe6led,  he  had  an  apartment  aflign- 
ed  him  in  the  Vatican,  and  was  en- 
tertained by  his  holinefs,  like  one  of 
his  relations.** 

During  the  fpace  of  a  month  or  more 
that  he  Itayed  at  Rome,  the  pope  fent 
for  him  feveral  times,  to  examine  his 
capacity,  and  find  out  what  fort  of  pre- 
ferment would  pleafc  him  beil :  He  at 
firft  defigned  to  have  made  him  gene- 
ral af  his  order,  and  the  general  a 
bi(hop  i  but,  as  he  perceived  he  was 
defirous  of  leaving  the  regulars,  he 
gave  him  a  confiderable  bi(hoprick, 
that  happened  to  be  vacant  at  that 
time.  This  promotion,  which  was  a 
fufficient  recom pence,  and  much  great- 
er than  he  could  expeft,  was  highlv 
agreeable  to  Saiviati,  an  honour  to  hit 
order,  a  heart-breaking  to  his  adver- 
fary,  to  fee  him  upon  an  equal  foot- 
ing with  himfelf,  a  furprize  to  all  the 
world ;  and  gave  Pafquin  occa(ion  to 
(ay,  that  bijbopricks  nvere  n<nAf  fold  for 
four  cro'wns  a- piece. 

Several  other  things  of  this  kind  he 
did,  to  the  great  afl:oni(hment  of  every 
body,  as  it  was  inconceivable  how  he 
could  rccolleft  the  moft  trifling  and 
minute  circumftances  of  tranfaiS^ions 
that  happened  fo  long  ago.  If  we  con- 
(ider  the  great  care  and  exafhicfi 
with  which  he  regiftred  every  accident 
that  had  befallen  him  thro*  the  whole 
courfe  of  his  life,  one  would  think  he 
muft  have  had  fome  prefentiment,  or 
fore-knowledge,  of  what  he  was  to  be  j 
But  nothing  gave  hfm  fo  much  plea- 
fure, as  looking  over  the  occurrences 
that  happened  whiiit  he  lived  in  a 
cloyfter. 

Vi^hcn  he  heard  of  any  one's  death, 
that  had  ever  done  him  a  fervice,  he 
feemed  much  concerned  that  he  had 
loft  an  opportunity  of  making  tl»em  a 
recompence,  which  he  ufed  to  do  com- 
monly to  the  neareft  relations :  As  for 
thofe  that  had  at  any  time  done  him  a 
prejudice,  if  he  did  them  no  good,^ 
he  at  leaft  did  them  no  harm,    but 

-         -  feemed 


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53^ 

feemed  to  defpife  the  injuriei  bis  ene- 
inlet  bad  endeavoured  to  do  hini. 
Whenever  he  exhorted  any  body  to 
forgive  affronts,  or  ill  ufage,  he  ufed 
to  propofe  himfelf,  at  an  example  to 
them,  and  faid,  •*  If  we  were  to  re- 
venge all  the  perfecutiont  tha(  have 
been  raifed  agamft  us»  we  muft  deftroy 
no  inconfiderable  part  of  the  Francii- 
can  order.'* 

Sixtus*t  government  in  civil  con- 
cerns was  wife  and  politick  t  He. 
was  alfo  an  encourager  of  learning 
,  and  arts,  and  of  arms  and  the  mili- 
tary fcience ;  he  eftablifhed  funds  for 
the  purpofe  of  building  galliet  and 
ere6tinfl;  fortifications,  the  famous  je- 
fuit,  cTavius,  being  his  engineer. 

His  publick  works  were  noble  and 
snagnincent,  fo  that  it  was  faid,  what  he 
did  in  the  few  years  he  was  pope,  to- 
wards beautifying  andadornins;  the  city 
of  Rome,  exceeded  all  that  had  been 
done  by  the  Roman  emperors :  nor  was 
his  care  confined  to  that  citv  :  he  fortifi- 
ed the  frontiers  of  the  Eccleuaftical  State, 
particularly  towards  Naples,  of  which 
he  intended  todifpoifeis  the  Spaniards! 
made  Loretto  a  city;  and  furnifhed 
Civita-Vecchia  with  frefh  water.  He 
eftabliihed  many  noble  charities,  parti- 
cularly one  of  ^ooo  crowns  per  amuun, 
for  the  redemption  of  chriftian  cap- 
tives out  of  the  hands  of  infidels.  He 
built  the  famous  Vatican  library,  and 
caufed  a  large  brafs  cheft  to  be  made 
and  depoiited  in  the  tower  of  St.  An- 
gelo,  which  he  called  the  treafury  of 
the  Roman  church,  propoiing  to  lay 
Vp  a  million  of  crowns  in  it  every  year. 
When  the  rights  and  immunities  of 
the  cburcb  were  in  difpute,   he  treated 

Srinces,  emperors,  and  their  ambafTa* 
ort  with  little  refpeA,  nay  with  rude- 
nefs  and  haughtinefs,  and  though  at 
the  beginmng  of  his  pontificate  he 
encouraged  the  Leagui  in  France, 
yet  latterly  he  would  not  contribute 
one  fingle  fhilling  for  its  fupport ;  fo 
that  in  fa£t  Henry  IV.  in  great  mea- 
fure,  owed  his  eftablifhment  on  the 
French  throne  to  Sixtus.  As  he  bad 
a  longing-eye  upon  Naples,  he  under- 
hand urgecl  Queen  Elizabeth  of  £ng*> 
land  to  fall  upon  Spain,  and  thouffb  he 
blelTed,  Sec.  the  Invincible  Armada  fit- 
ted out  againft  her,  is  thought  to  have 
given  her  the  firft  advice  of  its  defti- 
nation. 
In  the  midft  of  all  hit  caret  and 
S 


tits  wife  Government. 


oa. 


fatigues,  in  the  condu^  of  domeflic 
and  foreiffn  affairs,  he  did  not  forget 
hit  own  family :  <«  But  he  behaved  in 
thit,  at  in  every  thing  elfe,  with  great 
prudence  and  circumfpeflion  i  for  ex- 
cept in  the  inftance  ot  bringing  them 
to  Rome,  and  creating  his  nephew  a 
cardinal  in  the  firfl  month  of  his  pon- 
tificate, he  proceeded  but  flowly  in 
conferring  favours  upon  them.  Hit 
firfl  endeavour  was  to  acquire  the  re- 
putation of  juft  and  tuaUtts  $  when  he 
law  thit  pretty  well  eftabliihed,  and 
that  he  wat  revered  and  looked  apon 
with  a  fort  of  admiration  by  all  the 
world,  and  that  it  wat  matter  of  alto- 
nifhraent  to  every  body,  how  he  raifed 
money  to  accomplifh  hit  wztt  defigne, 
and  perform  fnch  tbingt  at  furpafied 
the  grandeur  and  magnificence  of  the 
ancient  Romans  \  be  then  began  to 
think  of  his  family,  and  fettled  an  in* 
come  of  100,000  crowns  per  anmamf 
in  eftate  aud  ecclefiaflical  benefices, 
befides  s  50,000  crowns  in  houfes,'  rich 
furniture,  plate,  and  jewels,  upon  hit 
nephew  the  cardinal;  heaping  upon 
him  the  moft  honourable  and  lucra- 
tive emplojrmentt  in  hitdifpoCsl,  at 
chancellor  of  the  church,  arch-prieft 
of  St.  Maria  Maffgiore,  protedor  of 
the  kingdom  of  Poland,  Sec,  In 
fhort,  he  wat  not  only  the  richeft  and 
moft  powerful  cardinal  of  his  time, 
but  the  moft  careiTed  and  beloved  ;  to 
which  his  princely  manner  of  behavi- 
our did  not  a  little  contribute. 

After  he  had  fufficiendy  taken  care  of  • 
him,  he  made  fuch  a  provifion  for  his 
nieces,  that  they  were  envied  by  ladies 
of  tlie  grf  ateft  families  in  Rome.  They 
were  both  of  a  difpofition  that  would 
have  done  honour  to  the  mofl  exalted 
birth.  At  one  of  them  was  only  twelve 
and  other  but  ten  years  old  when  tbey 
came  to  Rom^,  his  holineft  committed 
them  to  the  care  of  two  noble  ma- 
trons, as  govemefTes,  hv  whpfe  cxam- 
pje  and  inftrudions,  they  leatned  to 
behave  in  a  manner  that  would  have 
fhamed  many  who  were  bom  prin- 
cefTes. 

They  were  afked  in  marriage  by  ie-  ^ 
veral  of  the  firft  quality,  and  the  ci- 
deft.  Donna  Orfina,  wat  given  to  Mark 
Anthony  Coloona,  prince  of  Sonnino 
and  Manupelli,  duke  of  Ta^icosso 
and  Paliaho,  .marquit  of  Aluxsa, 
count  of  Albi,  high  oonilable  of  ihe 
kingdom  of  Naplet,  knight  of  the  Gol- 
den 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


iy6S. 


Sixtus  ex'ahs  lis  Family. 


537 


ien  Fleece,  and  grands  of  Spain. 
The  eftates  of  this  prince  being  much 
mpaircd  by  living  in  a  manner  fuka- 
}le  to  his  quality,  and.  the  great  Aims 
Mrbich  his  father  and  grandfjither  had 
jent  in  the  fervice  of  Charles  V.  and 
PiiaHp  II.  he  thought  fo  accompIi(hed 
I  woman,  with  the  immenfe  fortune 
[he  was  certain  to  have,  would  rehore 
nis  family,  whjch  was  one  of  the  beft 
in  Italy,  to  its  ancient  fplehdoi*  and 
rnagnifieerice. 

There  were  many  othet  acjvantages 
ikeijr  to  accrue  ^rom  this  match, 
nrhicb  made  him  deiire  it  the  more  e^ 
^erly.  It  was  no  lefs  agreeable  to  Six- 
;us,  upon  account  of  the  great  honour 
it  reileded  upon  his  family,  the  Aip-; 
port  and  protection  they  might  expe^ 
From  an  alliance  with  a  houfe  of  i'o 
g^reat  credit  and  authority,  not  only  in 
[taly«  but  in  Spain,  and  indeed  all  over 
Europe,  as  it  likewife  furnifhed  him 
kvith  an  opportunity  of  (hewing  his 
gratitude  to  a  family,  which,,  as  he 
acknowledged,  had  conferred  many 
^reat  obligations  upon  him.  The  pope 
^ave  her  for  her  dower  100,000  crowns, 
befides  two  thoufand  piftoles  to  defray. 
the  expence  of  the  wedding.  The  car- 
dinal and  her  mother  each  10,000,  her 
brother  6000.  When  he  gave  them 
his  benediction,  he  could  fcarce  refrain 
From  (bedding  tears  of  joy.  The  nup- 
tials were  celebrated  with  a  royal  pomp 
and  magnificence,  in  the  prefence  of 
Hxteen  cardinals,  fix  ambafladors,  an 
Infinite  number  of  nobility,  and  per- 
fons  of  the  higheft  diltin^ion*  Be- 
Edes  balls,  mafquerades,  bonfires,  illu- 
rainations,  and  other  demonftrationt 
of  joy, through  the  whole  city,  upon 
this  oecafion,  the  conduits  were  made 
to  ruivwith  wine  for  the  fpace  of  eight 
days. 

The  king  of  Spain,  either  out  of 
comoliment  to  Colon na,  as  his  high 
conCtable  of  Naples,  or  to  ingratiate 
bimfelf  with  Sixtus,  fent  the  bride  a 
jewel  worth  Sooo  crowns. 

Befides  the  large  dower  which  the 
Pope  had  already  given  her,  he  made 
ber  huiband  a  prelent  of  xht  jus  patro- 
natuj  of  feveral  abbies,  and  abolished, 
by  a  fpecial  bull,  the  cuftom  of  folemn- 
ly  exconmunicatmg  that  family  every 
Holy  Thurfday,  which  had  prevailed 
ever  fince  the  time  of  Boniface  VIXI.  a 
^ircumftance  of  great  honour,  which 
tbey  were  never  able  to  obtain  before 
^though  they  had  often  earneftly  feU- 


cited  it)  notwithilanding  the  many 
lignal  (ervices  they  had  done  to  the 
crown  of  Spain,  the  empire,  the  church, 
the  Holy  See,  and  all  Chriliendom. 

That  he  migSt  likewife  be  in  a  ca- 
pacity to  pay  his  debts,  which  were 
large  and  numerous,  and  buy  fuch 
eftates  and  lordfhips  as  lay  convenient 
for  hiip,  he  lent  him  400,000  crowns 
out  of  the  Apoftolick  Chamber,  for 
ten  years,  without  intereft.  Certaia 
it  is,  that  this  match  preferved  the  fa- 
mily of  Colonna  from  abfolute  ruia 
and  de(tru6tion. 

As  he  had  fucceeded  fo  well  in  mar- 
rying one  of  his  nieces,  he  thought  he 
had  much  reafon  to  hops  he  might  dif- 
pofe  of  the  other,  whofe  name  wa» 
Flavia,  in  a  manner  equally  advanta- 
geous i  efpecially  as  it  was  an  honour 
afpired  to  by  many  of  the  principal  no- 
bility. The  only  difficulty  refulted 
from  the  number  of  fuitors.  Gregory 
Buon  Compagnon,  duke  of  Sora,  ne- 
phew to  Gregory  XIII.  demanded  her 
for  his  eldclt  fon :  but  Sixtus  would 
not  liften  to  his  propofals,  as  he  had 
no  rcfpedt  for  that  family,  fince  the  ill 
ufage  he  met  with,  both  from  Gregory 
himfdf  and  cardinal  St.  Sixtus,  whilfl 
he  was  at  the  head  of  affairs  in  his  ua<^ 
cle's  pontificate. 

The  next  that  offered  himfclf  was 
Frederick  Savelli,  to  whofe  pcrfonal 
merit  and  family  there  could  be  no  ob- 
>e6tion }  but  when  his  eftate  carfie  to 
be  examined,  it  was  found  to  be  muc 
incumbered,  and.  his  debts  To  large 
that  her  dower  was  not  fufHcient  to 
pay  them  off. 

At  Ia(t  Virginius  Orfino  was  fixed 
upon,  who  had  a  yearly  eftate  of 
ioO|Ooo<:rowDS,  free  from  all  manner 
of  debt,  and  of  a  family  that  none 
could  Itand  in  competition  with,  ex- 
cept th^t  of  Colonna:  as  it  was 
thought  fuch  an  alliance  betwixt  thofe 
two  great  houfes  would  ftrengtben  and 
aggrandize  them  both,  to  him  flic  was 
given,  with  a  dower  equal  to  that  of 
her  fifter,  and  the  marriage  celebrated 
with  no  lefs  fplendor,  to  the  infinite 
fatisfa£tion  of  the  Pope,  and  Donna 
Camilla. 

I  The  refi  in  our  next,  ] 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDOM 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

THOUGH  after  all  our  enqniries 
into  the  phsenomena  of  nature, 
Y  y  y  and 


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53^ 


Caufes  efthe  Ute  inclement  tf^eatber. 


and  our  attempts  to  refolve  them  into 
their  proper  caufes,  it  ftill  remains  out 
of  human  power  to  impede  their  ope- 
ration, yet  this  can  !>e  po  rational  mo- 
tive for  Refilling  from  their  inveftiga- 
tion ;  and  there  is  no  moral  impro- 
priety at  all  in  indulging  a  curiofity  to 
iearcn  after  the  remote  fountain,  tho' 
^t  are  not  able  either  to  purify  or  di- 
vert the  muddy  channel. 

Agreeably  to  this,  what  (hall  we 
chink  of  the  late  extraordinary  fum- 
mer  f  Among  other  enquiries  into  and 
folutions  of  it,  pleafe  to  take  the  fol- 
Ibwing.  It  was  obfervable  in  this 
county  and  probably  in  rooft  other 
places,  that  almoft  conftantly  after  a 
ftill  of  rain  the  clear  flcy  facceding  be- 
cante  by  degrees,  often  in  one  day, 
fometimes  in  two,  often  only  in  half 
St  day,  replete  with  a  thick  bed  of  va- 
pours, commonly  called,  a  watry  (ky, 
which  by  their .  early  appearance  after 
the  preceding  rain  had  jutl  then  been 
condenfing  in  the  upper  regions  of 
the  air  ;  and  (ince  this  was  the  cafe, 
thofe  Feg>ons  muft  have  been  confider- 
ably  colder  than  the  lower,  and  haf- 
tcned  that  concretion  of  vapours 
which'  fo  foon  condenfed  and  gravi- 
tated in  large  drop^.  Add  to  this, 
that  the  ^ai^i  has  been  attended  by  the 
wind  from  all  the  quarters,  which  fa- 
vours the  fuppoiition  of  thefe  rains 
proceeding  not  generally  from  the 
trind,  as  tney  often  do,  but  from  fome 
other  caufe. 

It  is  obfervable  again,  that  the  lower 
regions  of  the  air  near  the  earth  have 
all  this  while  been  feafonably  warm, 
Ibroetimes  indeed  fultry :  Now  this 
promoting  the  exhalation  of  effeoces 
from  the  bofom  of  the  earth  then  hear- 
tily moiftened  with  rain$,  and  thefe 
arifing  in  great  plenty,  checked  in  their 
alcent  by  the  chill  of  the  fuperior  ami 
fermented  by  the  warmth  of  the  infe- 
rior air,  may  they  not  thus  have  pro- 
duced tl>e  late  uncommon  quantity  of 
lightening  and  thunder.  And  thisef- 
pecially,  as  there  have  very  rarely  been 
wanting  clouds  in  the  lower  region* 
to  confine  the  expanlion  of  thefe  va- 
pours. On  Saturday  September  24., 
the  barometer  roft  from  a  degree  be- 
low changeable  to  near  two  degrees 
above  it;  but  when  this  change  hap. 
pened,  it  was  attended,  for  almoft  two 
days  after,  with  a  warm  fouth  wiiid, 
and  in  little  longer  than  this  fmalt 
fpace  of  time  thof^  beds  of  condenfed 


oet: 


vapours  in  the  upper  air  c€ai€eA  to 
(hew  themfelves,  exeept  three  or  fow 
times  faintly,  and  foon  difappcarerf* 
May  not  this  fouthcrn  blaft  tbeo  have 
probably  been  a  warm  one  and  re- 
duced or  foftencd  the  chill  of  the  np- 
ptr  air  whereby  thefe  -  vapours  have 
been  all  along  condenfed  ? 

Farther,  the  variableneft  of  the 
winds  which  is  aiTigned  by  I>r.  Halley 
(Phil.  Tr.  N.  iSi.)  to  be  here  in  Eap- 
land  the  principal  caufe  of  the  nk 
and  fall  9f  the  mercury  io  the  baro- 
meter, may  have  contributed  by  their 
different  diredions  from  us,  aa  from  % 
center,  to  have  kept  the  mercury  Jov, 
and  thus  have  oftentimet  conconed 
with  thegeneral  caufe  abovementioiied; 
we  have  alfo  frequently  had  contrary 
winds  blowing  over  the  fame  placet 
when  the  two  winds  in  the  upper 
and  lower  regions  have  had  a  con6de- 
rable  difference  in  their  velocities. 
Thefe  phaenomena  therefore  concurr- 
ing with  the  very  frequent  condenft- 
tion  and  precipitation  of  vapours  in 
the  upper  regions  may  have  cooperat- 
ed in  the  caufe  of  the  many  very  fod^ 
den  and  heavy  (bowers.  But  let  me 
add,  that  the  defcent  of  rain  proceed- 
ing from  a  great  variety  of  caulea,  me- 
diately and  immediately,  viz.  the 
coldne(s  of  the  air,  and  thence  the  oeo- 
denfation  and  precipitation  of  vapours 
therein,  the  dire^ion  of  the  winds, 
and  their  inconftancy,  the  obftmc- 
tion  of  mountainous  parts,  the  rare- 
factions of  the  air  by  heat,  &c.  con- 
tribute all  to  produce  different  wea- 
ther in  different  places,  Mid  cannot, 
both  on  account  of  their  variety  and 
inconftasicy,  be  always  afcertained 
circumfiantially.in  local  ca(ct9  mtJdi 
lefs  in  general  ones,  fuck  tt»  have  hap- 
pened lalt  fummer^What  was  almtm 
as  uncommon  as  the  fummer  itfelf,  we 
have  had  two  water  fpouts,  I  thiok 
three,  one  near  Bdinburgh,  another  in 
Cornwall,  and  another,  if  I  recoiled 
aright,  fomewhere  off  this  caaft« 

In  regard  to  the  dews  ifi  generai, 
bett>g  more  or  tefs;  and  the  late  atifts 
or  fogs  fometimes  going  off  in  vapour, 
fometimes  condenfing  into  drops,  $k. 
ordinary  phenomena,  thefe  are  well 
known,  and  are  the  t^Pt^  of  changes 
in  the  air  and  weather^  and  at  moft 
only  indications  hot  not  efficient 
caufes  of  them  y 

There  has  been  like  wife  another  un* 
common  phscaomeaoSj  viz,  the  fiery 

meteor 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


Letier  to  the  Americans.' 


meteor  on  Wtdneiclay  evening,  Au- 
IxiH  31,  and  on  the  da^  following  the 
:>rodigiOu8  fall  of  rain  in  moft  parts  of 
Bnglandy  which  I  conceive  to  have 
3een  in  a  great  meafure  the.  effedl  of 
:hat  phsenomenon.  That  this  accenfion 
[)as  been  occafloned  l>y  a  fermentation 
>f  an  inflammable  track  of  air  is  not 
:o  be  doubted,  as  alfo  that  it  appeared 
n  a  moid  air  not  unlike  thie  ignes 
'atui  in  low  and  mar/hy  places;  it 
mdcd  likewife  with  an  explofion  un- 
heard. Should  I  attempt  to  refolve 
:his  gloomy  phsonomenon,  I  humbly 
:onceive  my  ideas  of  it  would  be  too 
iark  to  be  worth  the  attention  of  the 
public  k— I  wi(h  I  could  fee  them  clear- 
ed up. 

Upon  the  whole,  if  any  of  thcfe  opi- 
lions  are  iUgrouaJid,  I  (hall  not  fcru- 
.>Ie  to  own  I  have  been  in  tbe  clouds^^ 
ris  an  airy  fubje^,  and  I  venture  to 
>iFer  no  more  than  an  airy  folution, 
which  however  is  fo  much  demeaned 
ind  fubroitted  to  better  judgments, 
^hat  I  (hall  be  truly  glad  to  fee  it  fo- 
idly  confuted,  if  falfe;  and  much 
nore  ib,  to  fee  a  more  rational  folution 
propofed  in  it's  (lead,  for  the  fake  of 
the  world  and  your  humble  fervant, 
Dor(et,  Od.  5,  176S.      Cl£RICus. 

P.  S.  Query,  may  not  the  excef&ve 
:oId  of  the  air  Ia(i  winter  have  contri- 
buted to  this  quantity  of  rain  by  chil- 
ling tbe  upper  regions  of  the  air, 
vhich  are  not  capable  of  receiving  fo 
;reat  a  degree  of  warmth  from  the 
i^ion  of  the  returning  fun  as  the  lowers 
ind,  po(ribly,  from  fome  caufes  out  of 
tbe  reach  of  our  knowledge,  may  not 
lave  been  warmed  fo  foon. 

Uttir  to  tbe  Inhabitants  of  the  Britilh 
ColoHtis.    By  Mr.  Dickenibn, 
Beloved  countrymen, 

PERHAPS  the  objeaion  to  the 
late  a^,  impofing  duties  upon  pap 
per,  &c.  might  have  been  fafely  relted 
9n  the  arguments  drawn  from  the  uni- 
i^erfal  condu^  of  parliaments  and  mi- 
aifters,  from  tbe  (irft  exiftenceof  thefc 
colonies,  to  tbe  adminiftration  of  Mr. 
Grenville. 

What  but  the  indifputable,  tbe  ac- 
knowledged exdufive  right  of  the  co- 
lonies to  tax  themfeives,  could  be  the 
reafon,  that  in  this  long  period  of 
aore  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  years, 
10  (Utttte  wa«  eVjcr  pafl'ed  for  tM  fol« 
purpoiikof  railing  a  revenue  on  the  co^ 


539 

Ionics }  And  how  clear,  how  cogent 
muft  that  reafon  be,  to  which  every 
parliament  and  every  minifter,  for  fo 
long  a  time  fubmitted,  without  a  (in- 
gle attempt  to  innovate  ? 

England  in  part  of  that  courfe  of 
years,  and  Great-Britain,  in  other 
parts,  was  engaged  in  fierce  and  ex- 
pendve  Wars,  troubled  with  fome  tu- 
multous and  bold  parliaments  5  go- 
verned by  many  daring  and  wicked 
mini(bers ;  yet  none  of  them  ever 
ventured  to  touch  the  palladium  of 
American  Liberty;  ambition,  avarice, 
fadlion,  tyranny,  all  revered  it. 
Whenever  it  was  ncccfTary  to  raifc 
money  on  the  colonies,  the  requifitions 
of  the  crown  were  made,  and  duti- 
fully complied  with.  The  parliament 
from  time  to  time  regulated  their  trade, 
and  that  of  tbe  reft  of  the  empire,  to 
pre(erve  their  dependencies,  and  the 
connexion  of  the  whole  in  good  order. 
The  people  of  Great- Britain  in  fupi- 
port  of  thpir  privileges,  boaft  much  of 
their  antiquity.  Yet  it  may  well  be 
queftioned,  if  there  is  a  tingle  privi- 
lege of  a  Britifh  fubjefl,  fupporteyl  by 
longer,  more  Iblemn,  or  more  uninter- 
rupted tedimony,  than,  the  exclutive 
right  of  taxation  in  thefe  colonies 
The  people  of  Great-Britain  confider 
that  kingdom  as  the  fovereign  of  thefe 
colonies,  and  would  now  annex  to 
that  fovereignty  a  prerogative  never 
heard  of  before.  How  would  they 
bear  this,  was  the  cafe  their  own  ? 
What  would  they  think  of  a  new  pre- 
rogative claimed  by  the  crown  ?  We 
may  guefs  what  their  conduct  would 
be  from  the  tranfports  of  paflion  into 
which  they  fell  about  the  late  embargo, 
laid  to  relieve  the  mod  emergent  ne- 
ce(rities  of  date,  admitting  of  no  delayi 
and  for  which  there  were  numerous 
precedents.  Let  cur  liberties  be  treat* 
ed  with  the  fame  tendernefs,  and  it  is 
all  we  deli  re. 

Explicit  as  the  conduct  of  parlia* 
ments,  for  fo  many  ages,  is,  to  prove 
that  no  money  can  be  levied  on  thefe 
colonies,  by  parliament|  for  the  pur- 
pofe  of  rai(ing  a  revenue  j  yet  it  is  not 
the  only  evidence  in  our  favour. 

Every  one  of  the  mod  materij^l  ar« 
guments  againft  the  legality  of  the 
ftamp  a£^  operates  with  equal  force 
againd  the  a^  now  objected  to  \  but 
as  they  are  well  k(iown,  it  feems  un** 
neced'a/y  t6  repeat  th^ip  b^r^, 

y  y  y  »  Thii 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


540 

This  general  one  only  (hall  be  con- 
(jdered  at  prefcnt.  That  though 
thefc  colonies  are  dependant  on  Gr';it- 
Britain  j  and  though  (lie  has  a  legal 
power  to  make  laws  for  picrervine 
that  dependance  ;  yet  it  is  not  ncceN 
fary  for  this  purpofc,  nor  cftcntial  to 
the  relation  between  a  mother  country 
and  her  colonies,  as  was  eagerly  con- 
tended by  the  advocates  for  the  (lamp 
aft,  tbtit  (he  (hould  raife  money  upon 
them  without  their  confent. 

Colonies  were  formerly  planted  by 
warlike  nations,  to  keep  their  enemies 
in  awe  j  to  relieve  their  country  oysr- 
burthened  with  inhabitants  j  ortodif- 
charge  a  number  of  difcontented  and 
troublefome  citizens.  But  in  more 
modern  agcs^  the  fpirit  of  violence  be- 
ing in  lome  mcafure,  if  the  exprc(rion 
may  be  allowed,  (licathcd  in  com- 
merce, colonies  have  been  fettled  by 
the  nations  of  Europe  for  the  purpofes 
of  trade.  Thefe  purpofes  were  to  be 
attained  by  the  colonics  raifmg  for  their 
pother  country  thofe  things  which  (he 
did  not  produce  herfelf  j  and  by  fup- 
plying  themfcives  from  her  with  things 
they  wanted.  Thefc  were  the  national 
ohjtdls  in  the  commencement  of  our 
colonies,  and  have  been  uniformly  fo 
in  their  promotion. 

To  anfwer  thefe  jrrand  purpofes, 
perfe6l  liberty  was  known  to  be  nc- 
ce(rary^  all  b-Hqry  proving,  thattrade 
and  freedpp  are  neatly  related  to  each 
ether.  By  a  due  regard  to  this  wife 
and  juft  plan,  the  intant  colonies  ex- 
pofed  in  the  unknown  climates,  and 
unexplored  wiiderne(res  of  this  new 
world,  lived,  grew,  and  flouri(hed. 

The  parent  country  with  undc- 
viating  prudence  and  virtue,  attentive 
to  the  ftrft  principles  of  colonization, 
drew  to  herfelf  the  benefits  (lie  might 
re^fonably  expe6l,  and  preferved  to 
hpr  children  the  bleffincs,  on  which 
thofe  benefits  were  founded.  She 
made  laws,  obliging  her  colonies  to 
carry  to  her  all  thoie  produfts  which 
(lie  wanted  for  her  own  ufe  ;  and  all 
thofe  raw  materials  which  (he  chofe 
herfelf  to  work  up.  Befidci'  this  re- 
ft riftion  (he  forbad  them  to  procure 
manufaftures  from  any  other  part  of 
the  globe  J  or  even  the  produfts  of 
European  countries,  which  alon^ 
could  rival  her,  without  being-  firft 
^rpught  to  her.    la  fhort,   by  9  va- 


Enormtty  of  the  American  ^axeY* 


oa. 


rietv  of  laws,  (he  regulated  their  tnde 
in  (uch  a  manner,  at  (Ke  thought  nioft 
conducive  to  their  mutual  advantage, 
and  her  own  welfare.  A  power  was 
refcrved  to  the  crown  of  repealing  any 
laws  that  (hould  be  cna6^cd.  The  ex- 
ecutive authority  of  government  was 
all  lodged  inahe  crown  and  its  repre* 
fentatives  ;  and  an  appeal  was  fecured 
to  the  crown  from  all  judgments  in  the 
adminiftration  of  juftice. 

For  all  thefe  powers  eflablifhed  hf 
the  mother  country  over  the  colonies; 
for  all  thefe  immcnfe  emoluments  de- 
rived by  her  from  them ;  for  all  their 
difficulties  and  diftreflcs  in  fixing  them- 
fcives, what  was  the  rccompenle  made 
them  ?  A  communication  of  her  rights 
in  general,  and  particularly  of  that 
great  one,  the  foundation  of  all  the 
reft— that  their  property,  acouired 
with  Co  much  jpain  and  hazard,  (nould 
not  be  difpofed  of  by  any  one  but 
themfclves-i-or,  to  ufe  the  beautifiil 
and  emphatic  language  of  the  facred 
fcriptures,  *<  that  they  (hould  fit  every 
man  under  his  vine,  and  under  his 
fig  tree,  and  none  (hould  make  them 
atraid." 

Can  any  man  of  candour  and  know^ 
ledge  deny,  that  thefe  inftitdtionsj 
form  an  affinity  between  Great  Bri- 
tain and  her  colonies,  that  fufBcientiy 
fecures  their  dependance.upon  ber{  or 
^hat  for  her  to  levy  taxes  upon  tbem, 
is  to  reverfe  the  nature  of  things  ?  ot 
that  (he  can  purfue  fuch  a  meafure, 
without  reducing  them  to  a  fbte  of 
vaffalagc  ? 

If  any  pcrfon  cannot  conceive  the  fu- 
piemacy  of  Great-Britain  t6  txitt, 
without  the  power  of  laying  taxes  to 
levy  money  upon  us,  the  hiftory  of 
the  colonies  and  of  Great-Britain 
fince  *  their  fettlement  will  prove 
tlie  contrary.  He  will  there  find 
the  amazing  advantages  arifing  to  her 
from  them — the  conftant  exerdie  off 
her  fupremacy— »and  their  filial  fub- 
ipiflion  to  it,  without  a  "fingle  rebel- 
lion, or  even  the  thought  of  one,  from 
the  firft  emigration  to  this  moment-— 
and  all  thefe  things  have  happened, 
without  an  inftanoe  of  Great- Britain 
laying  taxes  to  levy  mon^  apoa' 
them^     '  ^ 

How  many  Britifh  authors  have  re- 
moitftrated  that  the  (irefetit  wtaltti, 
bower  and  glory  of  ilttir  country  are 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ty6S.  Refolutums 

£ounded  OH  theic  colonies!  As  con- 
^antly  as  itreams  tend  to  the  ocean, 
liave  they  ^M:en  pouring  the  fruits  of 
•all  tbeir  labours  into  their  mother*s 
lap.  Good  heaven  !  And  fliall  a  total 
oblivion  of  former  tenderneiles  and 
bleHTings  be  fpread  over  the  minds  of 
a  wife  people,  by  the  fordid  a6ts  of  in- 
triguing men,  who  covtring  their  fel- 
fifli  projcrfts  under  pretences  of  public 
sood,  firft  enrage  their  countrymen 
into  a  phrenzy  of  paifion,  and  then 
advance  their  own  influence  and  in- 
tcreft,  by  gratifying  that  paflion, 
which  they  themfelves  have  bafely  ex- 
cited ? 

Hitherto  Great-Britain  has  been 
cofitenced  with  her  profperity.  Mo- 
idcration  has  been  the  rule  of  her  con- 
dud.  But  now  a  generous  and  hu- 
tnane  people  that  fo  often  has  protect- 
ed the  liberty  of  ftrangers,  is  inflamed 
into  an  attempt  to  tear  a  privilege 
from  her  own  children,  which,  if  exe- 
cuted, muft  in  their  opinion, Tmk  them 
into  flaves :  And  for  what  ?  For  a  per- 
nicious power,  not  neceflary  to  her, 
jas  her  owij  experience  may  convince 
jfkcr ;  but  horribly  dreadful  and  de^ef- 
table  to  theni* 

It  fecms  extremely  probable,  that 
wben  cool  difpafBonate  poflierity  fhall 
coniider  the  affectionate  intercoiirfe, 
the  reciprocal  benefits,  and  the  unfuf- 
peCting  confidence,  that  have  fubfilted 
|>etween  thefe  colonies  and  their  pa- 
rent country,  for  fuch  a  length  of 
time,  they  will  execrate  with  the  bit- 
tereli  curies  the  infamous  memory  of 
tbofe  men,  whofe  peflilential  ambition, 
linncceflUrily  and  wantonly,  firit  open- 
^  the  (purees  of  civil  difcord  be- 
tween them  ^  firft  turned  their  love 
into  jealoufy  {  and  firfl  taught  thefe 
provinces,  filled  with  grief  and  anxiety, 
to  enquire, 

Meus  ubt  materna  eft  ? 
y^here  is  maternal  affection. 

Cof^  qf  the  Agreement  entered  into  by  the 
htbabitants  ot  Bolton,  the  Capital  of 
the  Province  oj  Mafl'achuletts  Bay. 

THE  meichants  and  traders  in  the 
town  of  Bofton  having  taken  in- 
to confideration  the  deploiablc  fitua- 
tion  of  tne  trade,  and  the  many  diffi- 
cuUies  it  at  pre  fen  t  labours  under,  on 
account  of  the  fcarcity  of  money* 
"^bicn  is  daily  increafing,  for  want  of. 
the  other  feQUtt|i(ice8  to  diioharge  our 


(/Bofton^  54* 

debts  in  Great-Britain,  and  the  large 
fums  coUe6ted  by  the  officers  of  the 
cuftoms  for  duties  on  goods  imported  { 
the  heavy  taxes  levied  to  difcharge 
the  debts  contracted  by  the  govern- 
ment in  the  late  war;  the  embarrafF- 
ments  and  reflri^ions  laidon  the  trade 
by  feveral  late  afts  of  parliament; 
together  with  the  bad  fuccefs  of  our 
cod-fi(hery  this  feafon,  and  the  difcou- 
raging  profpecl'  of  the  whale- fifhery^ 
by  which  our  principal  fources  of  re* 
niittance  are  like  to  be  greatly  dimi- 
nifhed,  and  we  thereby  rendered  una- 
ble to  pay  the  debts  we  owe  the  mer- 
chants in  Great-Biitain,  and  to  con- 
tinue the  importation  of  goods  froni 
thence : 

We  the  fubfcriberi,  in  order  to  re- 
lieve the  trade  under  thofe  difcoura^e- 
ments,  to  promote  induftry,  frugality,  ^ 
and  oeconomy,  and  to  difcourage  lux- 
ury and  every  kind  of  extravagance, 
do  promife  and  engage  to  and  with 
each  other  as  follows  : 

Firlt,  That  we  will  not  fend  for  or 
import  from  Great-Britain^  either  up- 
on our  own  account,  or  upon  ^ommif- 
fion,  this  fall,  eny  other  goods  than 
what  are  already  ordered  for  the  fall 
fupply. 

Secondly,  That  we  will  not  fend  for 
or  import  any  kind  of  goods  or  mer- 
chandize from  Great- Britain,  either 
on  our  own  account  or  on  commiliiony 
or  any  other  wife,  from  the  ift  of  Jan. 
X769,  to  the  xfl  of  Jan.  1770,  except 
fait,  coals,  fifh  hooks,  and  lines,  hemp 
and  duck|  bar  lead  and  (hot,  wool- 
cards  and  card- wire. 

Thirdly,  That  we  will  not  purchafe 
of  any  fa^or,  or  others,  -any  kind  of 
goods  imported  from  Great- Britain, 
from  Jan.  1769  to  Jan.  1770. 

Fourthly,  That  we  will  not  import, 
on  our  own  account,  or  on  commif- 
fions,  or  purchafe  of  any  who  (hall  im- 
port from  any  other  colony  in  Ameri- 
ca, from  Jan.  1769  to  Jan.  1770,  any 
tea,  glafs,  paper,  or  other  goods,  com- 
monly imported  from  Great-Britain. 

Fifthly,  That  we  will  not,  from  and 
after  the  ift  of  Jan.  1769,  import  into 
this  province  any  tea,  paper,  glafs,  or 
painters  colours,  until  the  a^  impoiing 
duties  on  thofe  articles  (hall  be.  re- 
pealed.   

In.  witnefs  whereof  we  have,  herevp. 
to  fet.  our  hands  this  xit  day  of 

'    Aug.  1768. 

irom 


Digitized'by  VjOOQ  IC 


542 

from  tht  Bofton  (Niw-Emgland)  Oa- 
jtettc. 

Bofton*  Aug.  4. 

YESTERDAY  hit  cxctllcncy  ijo* 
vernor  Bernard  iHued  the  toU 
lowing  proclamation : 

<«  WHEREAS  the  peace  and  good 
order 'of  the  province  hath  been  of 
late  greatly  interrupted  by  the  riots 
and  tumults  which  have  taken  place 
|n  divers  towns  within  the  fame : 

I  do  by  and  with  the  advice  of  hit 
snajefty^s  council,  ilTue  this  proclama- 
|ion,  hereby  (lri6kly  enjoining  all  ma- 
giftrates,  flierifFs,  and  their  deputies, 
and  all  civil  officers  whatever,  in  their 
fcveral  di(tri6ls  and  departments,  with- 
in the  faid  province  refpeflively,  to  do 
their  utmoft  for  prefcrving  the  public 
peace,  and  for  the  proted^ion  of  all 
his  maje(ty*s  fubje^s  whatever.  And 
tiiat  to  this  end  and  purpofe,  they  take 
effeflual  care,  fo  far  as  to  them  re- 
ipe&ively  appertains,  to  put  in  execu- 
tion the  laws  for  preventing,  fupprcf- 
fing,  and  punifliing  all  riots,  tumults, 
and  unlawful  aflemblies. 

And  I  dp  hereby  like^ife  call  upon 
all  his  majefty^s  good  fubjeds,  within 
the  province,  to  exert  themfelves  in 
promoting  peace  and  eood  order,  in 
reftoring  vigour  and  nrmnefs  to  the 
government,  and  in  fupporting  the  ci- 
vil  officers  in  the  due  execution  of  the 

Given  at  the  council 

chamber  in  Bolton,  &c. 

FaA.  BfiaNARD.'* 

^akenfrm  the  Bofton  (in  New  England) 
Evening- Poll  •/  Auguft  2»,  1768. 

ON  Monday  the  15th  inf^ant,  the 
anniverfary  of  the  ever  memora- 
ble 14th  of  Auguft,  was  celebrated  by 
the  fons  of  liberty  in  this  town,  with 
extraordinary  feilivity.  At  the  dawn, 
the  Britifh  Aag  was  difplayed  on  the 
Tree  of  Liberty,  and  a  difcharge  of 
feurteen  cannon,  ranged  under  the 
venerable  elm,  faluted  the  joyous  day. 
At  eleven  o'clock  a  very  lai^e  company 
of  the  principal  gentlemen  and  re- 
fpedable  inhabitants  of  the  town,  met 
at  the  hall  under  the  tree,  while  the 
ftreets  were  crowded  with  a  concourie 
of  people  of  all  ranks,  public  notice 
having  been  eiven  pf  the  intended  ce- 
lebration. Themufic  began  at  high 
noon^  pedbnned  on  variout  inftru- 
mentSj  joined  with  voices  \  aod  con- 


Cavalcade,  t^c.  at  Bofton.' 


oa. 

eluding  with  the  univerfal  »diBire4 
American  {^Vi%  of  liberty.  The  gran- 
deur  of  its  fentiment,  and  Che  ea/y 
flow  of  its  numbers,  together  with  as 
exquifite  harmony  of  found,  afforded 
fublime  entertainment  to  a  nomeroot 
audience,  fraught  with  a  noble  ardo«r 
in  the  cauCe  of  freedom  :  the  loag  was 
clefed  with  a  di^harge  of  cannoa 
and  a  (hout  of  joy ;  at  the  iame  time 
the  windows  of  the  neigiibottriog 
houfes,  were  adorned  with  a  brilha«t 
appearance  of  the  fair  daw^ters  of 
'Liberty,  who  teftifted  their  approba- 
tion. The  following  toafta  focceeded, 
viz. 

1.  Our  rightful  ibvereign  George  the 
Third.  ».  The  oueen,  prince  of  Walcs^ 
and  the  reft  of  the  royal  famsljr.  5. 
The  fons  of  liberty  throughout  the 
world.  4.  The  glorious  adniiniftratioii 
of  1766*  5.  A  perpetual  union  of 
Great  Britain  and  her  coloniee,  upQ* 
the  immutable  principles  of  ^uftice  and 
equity.  6«  May  the  (inifter  deiigns  of 
eppreflors,  both  in  Great  Britain  aad 
America,  be  for  ever  defeated.  7. 
May  the  common  righu  of  nHinkiad 
be  clUbliihed  on  the  ruin  ^  all  their 
enemies.  8.  Pafchal  Paoli  aod  bit 
brave  Corficans.  May  they  never  want 
the  fupport  of  the  friends  of  libertv. 
9.  The  memorable  14th  of  Augi^, 
1765.  10.  Magua  Cbarta,  and  the 
Bill  of  rights.  11.  A  fpecdy  repeal  of 
unconftitutional  a^s  of  parliament, 
and  a  final  removal  of  illegal  oppref> 
five  officers.  12.  The  Farmer*  13. 
John  Wilkes,  Eiq;  and  all  indepen^ 
dent  members  of  the  Britiih  parlia- 
ment.  14.  The  glorious  ninety-two, 
who  defended  the  rights  of  America, 
uninfluenced  by  the  mandates  of  a  nai- 
nifter,  and  undaunted  by  the  threats 
of  a  governor. 

Which  being  finiflied,  the  Frendi 
horns  founded  ;  and  after  another  dif- 
charge of  the  cannon,  completing  the 
number  ninety  two,  the  gentlemen  in 
their  carnages  repaired  to  the  Grey 
bound  tavern  in  Roxbory,  where  a 
frugal  and  elfgamt  entertainment  waa 
provided.  The  mufic  played  duHog 
the  repaft :  alter  which  fevcral  perti- 
nent  toafts  were  given  out,  and  the 
repeated  difcharge  of  cannon  (poke  the 
general  aflfeat* 

Upon  this  happy  occaiion,  the  whole 
company  with  the  approbation  of  their 
bvetluren  ia  KoKbury,  conlccrated  « 

UC9 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Satirical  Advertisements.' 


T768. 

tree  in  the  vicimty  j  xinder  the  (hade 
of  vrhicb,  on  fome  future  anniverfary, 
they  may  commemorate  the  day, 
which  (hall  liberate  America  from  ber 
prefeiit  oppreilion  !  Then  making  an  < 
agreeable  excurdon  round  Jamaica 
pond,  in  which  excudion  they  receiv- 
ed the  kind  falutntion  of  a  friend  to 
the  cauTe  by  the  difcharge  of  cannon, 
at  fix  o*dock  they  returned  to  town  ; 
and  pa(ring  in  (low  and  orderly  pro- 
cefiion  through  the  principal  ftreets, 
and  round  the  ttate-houfc,  they  retired 
to  their  refpe^live  dwellings.  It  is  al- 
lowed tbat  this  cavalcade  furpafl'ed  all 
that  has  ever  been  feen  in  America. 
The  joy  of  the  day  was  manly,  and  an 
uninurrupted  regularity  prefided  thro* 
the  whole. 

To  the  FrinUr  of  tbi  St.  James's  Chron. 
SIR, 

IConfider  you,  and  your  devils  about 
yott,  as  a  kind  of  court  of  grie- 
vances, and  am  come  to  lodge  a  com* 
plaint  with  you.  I  do  not  much  hope 
for  redrefs  indeed,  but  it  will  be  fome 
eafe  to  my  heart  to  pour  out  its  grie- 
vances.—I  am  of  late  from  a  fpright- 
ly  fellow  become  a  peevi(h  mal-content| 
and  am  as  unhappy  among  the  people 
of  England,  as  if  fome  mifadventure 
had  Royinfon-crufotd  me,  by  throwing 
me  into  a  defert'iJU  (worfe  than  Mur- 
phy's, if  poflTible)  where  I  could  have 
nothing  but  feals  and  wild  goats  for 
my  companions.  Indeed  my  prefent 
real  fituation  is  worfe  than  the  imagi- 
nary one.  I  (hould,  in  the  fuppoled 
cafe,  have  had  intercourfe  with  crea- 
tures which  a6t  according  to  their  na- 
ture, and  from  which  my  expeftations 
could  not  be  difappointed  \  whereas 
now  I  not  ovXy  Jee  men  as  trees  nuclking^ 
but  as  trees  U'vvtgy  mere  fUfgttabUsy 
where*  I  looked  for  rationalf.  Their 
news-paper8»  thofe  pretty  little  mo- 
dem hiftories,  hold  up  to  us  the  trued 
portrait  of  their  minds.  Every  co- 
lumn of  thefe  journals  abounds  in  ad-, 
vertifements,  which  point  out  the  chief 
objeft  of  their  attachment.   ' 

Silvei-  fpoons,  lap-dogs,  horfes,  ne- 
groes; bank  notes,  old  blankets,  dia- 
mond rings,  pointers,  pocket-books, 
cane^,  muffs,  andfuch  tra(h,  meet  the 
eye  in  every  page,  in  the  feveral  predi- 
caments of  (lol  en,  (h-ayed,  eloped,  lolt, 
run-away,  mifiing,  &c.  &c.  The  mu- 
nificence of  the  rewards  offered  on 


54f 

fjch  occafions,  too  plainly  (hew,  that 
the  (irefs  of  life  is  laid  on  thefe  bau- 
bles :  But  what  touches  me  home  is, 
that  while  thefe  figns  (not  fans)  of  metip  - 
are  foanxiousabout  trifles,  they  are  per- 
fectly eafy  under  fuch  lofTes,  as  make  it  • 
criminal  to  be  patient  under  them.  We 
have  daily  before  our  eyes  poor  unfor- 
tunate noblemen,  who  have  lo(t  every 
eftimable  quality,  every  grain  of  com- 
mon honedy,  every  fcruple  of  pubtio 
fpirit,  all'their  underltanding,  every 
tittle  of  religion,  the  blu(h  of  modefty, 
the  nerve  of  fortitude,  whatfoever 
things  are  honed,  wbatfoever  thingt 
are  of  good  report— -are  gone,  ail 
gone  ftolen,  ftrayed,  eloped,  run- 
away, or  other  wife  vani(hed  j  and  yet 
there  is  no  advertifing^  about  it  j  and 
what  makes  this  matter  (till  worfe  is, 
that  they  have  not  only  loft  whatever 
they  had  of  good,  but  they  have  fup- 
plied  the  place  of  it  with  the  dregs  of 
hell.  If  the  world  laid  a  proper  ftrefii 
on  what  is  truly  valuable,  I  dionld  ex- 
pe^  frequently  to  fee  the  Daily  Ad« 
vertifer  crowded  with  fuch  advertife* 
ments  as  the  following  :— -« 
Adfvertifement  I. 
Stolen  or  ftrayed  from  the  heart  of 
Lord  — ,  the  few  fparks  of  candour 
and  jufficet  which  were  at  firft  given 
him  tor  the  purpofes  of  life.  The  thief» 
the  better  to  difguife  the  theft,  flippol 
a  quantity  of  barren  fophiftry,  equivo- 
cation, and  injuftice,  under  his  Pia 
Mkter,  which  has  had  a  ftrange  effe^ 
upon  this  unfortunate  nobleman.  He 
fwinks  iveil  ever  fnice,  but  cannot  get 
a  ivink  of  fleep.  Whoever  will  brings 
hack  his  candour  indjufiice  again,  (hall 
be  handsomely  rewarded,  and  no  quef-^ 
tions  nfked. 

II.  Loft,  \itX}fittTi\\\^heef'fieakcluh^ 
and  tl)e  Purlieus  of  Cogent  Gardeuy  the 
little  dock  of  bonefty  and  good  fenfe^ 
which  nature  had  given  Lord  ■  . 
Whoever  ftole  it,  left  in  its  dead  a 
large  parcel  of  impudence,  fenicleft 
wit,  buffoonery,  and  profanene(s;  A 
large  premium  will  be  given  to  any 
perfon  who  will  bring  it  to  the  owner. 

If  an^  one  concerned  in  (he  above 
theft  will  peach  his  accomplices,  he  (hall 
have  his  majefty's  pardon,  and  be  ad- 
mitted as  evidence. 

III.  Stolen,  from  Sir  B—D , 

a  few  grains  of  modefiy,  and  fewer  of 
bonefty,  A  great  bundle  of  brafs  were 
left  in  their  dead  with  this  uafcrip*- 

tion 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


An  intended  Petition, 

*'  ^0  platf  jour  frofit  and  con- 


SA4 

tion— * 

N.  B.  Whoctcr  will  bring  the  abotc 
to  the  owner  (hall  receive  a  doubU-fee, 

IV.  Eloped  from  L)rd  H- .(/*>?- 

pofed  to  be  embarked  for  Virginia)  all 
the  fair  dealing  he  was  pofuffcd  of. 
All  that  is  left  to  fupply  its  place  it 
im  ce  and  m  ■  1  lying.  Who- 
ever wil\  leave  the  above  at  the  bar  of 
the  Virginia  coffee- houfe,  direded  for 
CUopbas.  (hall  be  paid  for  hit  trouble 
by  Sir  J A^ 1- 

y.  Miffing,  at  Lord  B— '•<  all  fcnfc 
of  bumanity,  proprietj,  and  bufinefsi 
Suppofed  to  have  ftrayed  towards  St. 
George's  Fields,  the  toth  of  May  laft. 

— N.  B.  A  ftrumpet ,  and  a  difh 

of  panada,  it  all  that  is  left  him  to  con- 
fole  himfelf  withal.  Whoever  will 
bring  the  above  articles  to  the  W.  O. 
fliall  bafot  bis  public  thanks  in  the  paper. 
If  it  fliould  be  neccffary  to  kiil  four  or 
fhse  and  inventy  to  recover  them,  it 
will  not  be  deemed  murder* 

VI.  Elov>ed  from  the ofG— ^ 

£onjugaih^e,  znd piigbted trutb.  Luft 
;ind  aidultery  took'their  place.  Ajgrant 
qf  cronvn  lands  will  be  taken  away  from 
fomebodyj  to  be  given  to  the  perfon 
who  will  bring  back  the  articles  above. 

VII.  Run  away  from  Lord  D  ■, 
morality  f  religion,  and  common  fenfe\  all 
the  confolotion  left  him  is  a  bumper 
of  Burgundy  in  a  Communion  Cbalice, 
and  of  milk  punch  in  his  baftifmal fount. 
Whoever  will  bring  the  run  always 
back  again,  (hall  be  honoured  with  a 
cowl,  and /«//«#  a  bumper  Mfl/ri5tf«f. 
torum, 

VIII.  Loft  from  loify .chaftity, 

Bodefty,  and  common  decency.  Who- 
ever will  bring  them  back,  mall  have 
the  t>learure  o\  replacing  each  in  its  pro- 
ferfeat. 

IX.  Stolen  away  from  Great- Britain, 
greatly  in  debt  to  that  nation.  Lord 
Thiftle  ;  he  owes  the  people— A/j  bead. 
Whoever  will  bring  the  fame  to  7V/»- 
ple-Bar^  (hall  receive  Liberty  for  hit 
pains. 

X.  Confined,  a  certain  patriot^  for 
daring  to  ftep  forth  as  the  champion 
of  public  liberty,  and  ah  intrepid  fup- 
porter  of  the  laws  and  conftitution  of 
hit  country.  Whoever  will  fet  him 
free,  and  fix  him  in  the  midft  of  St. 
St.  St— — *s  chapel,  (hall  receive  the 
united  thanks  of  all  the  honeft,  inde* 
pfodent  men  in  the  kingdom. 


O^. 


I  will  not  take  up  your  time  with 
multiplying  of  infbncet,  but  only  add, 
that  1  with  from  my  foul,  the  tafte  of 
the  nxiorld  took  thit  moral  turn  i  for 
while  it  continues  fuch  a  toy/hopi  at  I 
find  it  at  prefent,  the  time  will  paiSi 
but  heavily  witli 

Sept.  a6.  Apemantxts, 

The  following  is  a  Copy  of  a  Petition  r/- 

ported  to  the  Houfe  of  Keprefentatives 

at  Bofton  in  New  England,  by  a  Com- 

mitteey   and  under  their  X:onfideratiQ9 

•when  the  Afembfy  ivas  dtfok;ed. 

"  WT  E,  your  majefty's  molt  duti- 

W     M    and    faithful   fubjeat, 

the  reprefentatives  of  your  ancient  and 

loyal  province  of  the   Maffachufetts 

Bay,   imprefled  with  the  deeped  fenfc 

of  gratitude  to  heaven,  for  calling  te 

the  Britifh  fuccefTioto  your  majefty*s  il- 

luflrious  family,   and  fo  firmly  efta- 

blifhing  your  majefty  on  the  throne  of 

your  royal    progenitors:    ^nd    being    « 

abundantly  convmced  of  vour  maiel^*t 

grace  and  clemency,  moft  humbly  bd« 

f>lore  the  royal  favour,  while  we  brief- 
y  reprefent  the  grievances  we  labour 
under,  and  which,  under  God,  your 
majefty  alone  can  redrefs. 

It  is  with  inexpreffible  concern  that 
we  are  conftrained  thus  publicly  to 
complain  of  the  adminiftrarion  of  hit 
excellency  Francis  Bernard,  Efq;  your 
roajefty^s  governor  of  this  province, 
who  has  betrayed  an  arbitrary  difpofi- 
tion. 

He  early  attached  himfelf  to  a  party* 
whofe  principlet  and  views,  we  ap- 
prehend,  have  ever  been  repugnant  to 
your  majeftv^s  real  fervice« 

He  has,  both  in  hit  fptechet,  and 
other  puHic  a6is,  treated  the  repreien-. 
tative  body  with  contempt. 

He  has,  in  an  unwarrantable  man* 
ner,  taken  upop  himfelf  the  exercife 
of  your  majefty't  royal  prerogative,  in 
granting  a  charter  for  a  college,  with* 
out  even  the  advice  of  your  majefty'a 
council. 

He  hat  openly  attempted  to  make 
himfelf  fole  and  abfolute  judge  of  the 
Qualification  of  members,  returned  to 
(erve  in  the  houfe  of  reprefentativet. 

We  have  alfo  reafon  to  apprehend, 
that  he  hat  endeavoured  to  peduade 
your  majefty^s  miniftert  to  believe, 
that  an  intention  wat  formed,  and  a 
plan  fettled,  in  thit,  and  the  reft  of 
your  colonies^  treafonably  (o  withdraw 
them&lvet 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1769. 


Ohfervations  on  Lqfs  of  Memory. 


themfelves  from  all  conncflion  with, 
and  dependance  upon.  Great  Britain, 
and  from  ihcir  natural  allegiance  to 
your  majcfty's  facred  perfon  and  go- 
vernment. 

He  has,  in  his  public ,  fpeechcs, 
charged  both  houfcs  of  aflcmbly  with 
oppugnation  againft  the  royal  autho- 
rity,^ and  with  leaving  gentlemen  out 
of  the  council  only  for  their  fidelity 
to  the  crown. 

He  has  indifcrectly,  not  to  fay  wan- 
tonly exercifed  the  prerogative  of  the 
crown,  in  the  repeated  negative  of 
counfellors  of  an  unblemiihed  reputa- 
tion, and  duly  ele^ed  by  a  great  ma- 
jority of  both  houfes  of  aHembly. 

He  has  declared,  that  certain  feats 
at  the  council  board  (hall  be  kept  va- 
cant, till  certain  gentlemen,  his  fa- 
vourites, (hall  be  re-ele6led. 

He  has,  unconftituticnally,  inter- 
fered with,  and  unduly  influenced 
elefiions;  particularly  in  the  choice 
of  an  agent  for  the  province. 

He  has,  very  abruptly,  difplaced  di- 
vers gentlemen  of  worth,  for  no  ap- 
parent reafon  but  their  voting  againft 
his  meafuies. 

He  has  prafHfed  the  fending  over 
depofitions  to  the  miniltry,  againft 
gentlemen  of  character  here,  without 
giving  the  accufed  the  leaft  notice  of 
hit  purpofes  and  ^proceedings. 

He  has  created  divers  uew  and  un- 
conftitutional  offices. 

He  has  drawn  divers  warrants  on 
the  treafury,  for  the  payment  of  mo- 
nies, againft  the  exprefs  appropriations 
of  the  aflembly. 

He  has,  at  this  feflion,  prefumed  to 
threaten  the  general  afTembly,  upon 
the  non-compliance  of  the  Houfe  of 
Reprefentatives  with  a  certain  requi- 
lition,  not  only  to  difTolve  them,  but 
to  delay  to  call  a  new  affembly,  which 
it  beyond  your  majcfty^s  orders. 

By  the  means  aforefaid,  and  many 
others,  that  might  be  enumerated,  he 
h«3  not  only  rendered  his  adminiftra- 
tion  difagreeable  to  the  whole  body 
of  the  people,  but  entirely  alienated 
their  affections  from  him ;  and  thereby 
wholly  deftroyed  that  confidence  in  a 
governor,  which  your  majefty^s  fervice 
indifpenfably  requires. 

Wherefore  we  moft  humbly  intreat 
your  majefty,  that  his  excellency  Fran- 
cis Bernard,  Efq;  may  be  removed 
from  the  government  of  this  province : 

Oa.  .1768. 


545 

and  that  your  majefty  would  be  gra- 
cioufty  pleafed  to  place  one  in  his  ftead» 
worthy  to  reprefent  the  grcatcft  and 
beft  monarch  on  «arth. 

And,  as  in  duty  bound,  we,  &c. 

/bail  i'ver  pray,^* 

Obfer*vations  on  the  total  Lofs  of  Memo* 
ry  'Without  any  'vifible  Caufe. 

IN  the  month  of  November,  in  the 
year  1767,  one  of  the  magiftraics 
of  Newbourg,  turned  of  fixty,  of  a 
fanguine  complexion,  being  feared  at 
table,  and  free  from  any  complaint  or 
indifpofition,  began  of  a  fudden,  with- 
out any  preceding  fymptom,  to  talk 
in  the  moft  incoherent  manner.  His 
wife  obferving  this  alarming  circum- 
ftance,  ordered  him  immediately  to  be 
put  to  bed  J  but  finding  that  he  con- 
tinued articulating  with  the  fame  in- 
coherency,  fhe  began  to  fear  he  might 
be  attacked  with  a  fit  of  the  pilTy  or 
apoplexy,  and  fent  immediately  her 
foninlaw  to  call  in  the  afliftance  of 
Dr.  George  Scgerus,  a  phyfician  in 
the  ncigiibourhood.  The  phvfjcian 
immediately  appeared,  and  having  ex- 
amined the  patient,  jullly  judged  that 
the  complaint  was  an  inthe  iofs  of 
memory  j  for  fc.irce  hid  he  begun  » 
fenten(;e,  but  he  was  obliged  to  ftoji 
to  recollect  himfelf :  then  would  he 
try  a  fecond,  which  he  could  no  more 
finifti  than  the  firft.  At  laft  be  com- 
plained that  he  was  not  able  10  nn- 
fwer  the  queftions  that  were  put  to 
him.  The  phyfician  iiaving  afked  liini, 
whether  he  had  not  any  pain  his  head, 
or  any  other  part  of  his  body,  he  an- 
fwered  in  the  negative,  and  remained 
in  the  fame  ft  ate  in  all  reQiecIs  dur- 
ing fome  days.  The  difcafe  was  not 
in  the  leaft  altered  for  a  fortnight, 
when  he  had  a  fit  of  the  gout,  to  which 
difteniper  he  had  long  been  fubjedt: 
his  urine  was  of  a  natural  colour,  his 
pulfe  was  weak,  but  in  other  refpcds 
his  health  was  good.  After  having 
ordered  him  a  gtifter,  the  phyfician 
bad  recoorfe  to  cordials,  to  cephalus 
ufed  both  externally  and  internally, 
and  to  a|l  thofe  remedies  that  are  fup- 
pofed  to  have  the  power  of  fortifying 
and  ftrengthening  the  memory.  By 
means  of  thefe  remedies,  at  the  end 
of  a  fortnight  he  re^rovered  the  ufe  * 
of  memory,  infomuch  that  he  was  able 
to  converle  on  all  kinds  of  fubj-cU,  in 
the  fame  manner  as  formerly  \  but  he 
Z  z  z  ioani 


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Befcription  of  an  Indian  Boat. 


546 

found  himfelf  totally  unacquainted 
with  every  letter  or  charafter  made 
ufe  of  to  convey  our  ideas.  His  wife, 
who  imagined  that  his  inability  to 
read  proceeded  from  weaknefs  of  fight, 
although  before  his  laft  illnefs  he  could  . 
read  the  fmalleft  character  without  the 
afliftance  of  fpe^tacles,  laid  open  be-  ^ 
fore  him  a  book  printed  in  a  very  large 
letter.  Ho  immediately  obferved  he 
could  fee  very  well,  but  knew  not  the 
names  of  the  letters,  nor  could  poflibly 
join  them  together,  or  make  fyllables 
of  them }  which  gave  him  fo  much  the 
more  uneafinefs,  as  he  had  been  accuf- 
tomed  to  pafs  great  part  of  his  time  in 
the  ftudy  of  the  fcriptures.  M.  Sege- 
rus  encouraged  him  in  the  beft  manner 
he  could,  and  advifed  him  to  learn  to 
re-acquire  what  he  had  loft,  by  receiv- 
ing  the  leflbns  of  his  wife.  At  the 
fame  time,  he  recommended  the  ufe 
of  tbe  medicines  that  had  at  firft  reco- 
vered him !  and,  at  the  end  of  fix 
weeks,  he  found  himfelf  peife^ly  re- 
ftOred  to  health,  the  full  ufe  and  power 
of  memory,  and  the  art  that  he  had  fo 
unaccountably  loft. 

Tb  /A#  P  R  I  N  T  E  R,   &c. 
SIR, 

THERE  certainly  never  yet  was 
a  time  when  it  was  fo  much  the 
cuftom  to  adopt  foreign  fafhions.  In 
former  days  our  forefathers  difdained 
to  receive  any  improvement  from  a 
ftrangcr.  They  were  contented  to  fit 
at  home  quietly,  to  cniertain  their 
friends,  and  to  take  care  of  their  fa- 
mily. All  their  diverfions  were  do- 
meftic,  and  moft  of  them  pafTed  their 
whole  lives  witliin  twenty  miles  of  their 
own  eftates,  which  had  perhaps  re- 
mained in  their  family  for  hundreds 
of  years.  The  ladies  thought  them- 
ielves  beft  employed  in  managing  their 
family  afttiirs,  in  fuperintending  the 
education  of  their  children,  and  in 
taking  care  of  their  poor  neighbours 
vhen  the  cold  and  fnow  of  winter  op- 
prefTcd  them.  The  farms  pafTcd  from 
father  to  Ton,  and  plenty  and  happinefs 
appeared  throughout  the  land.  Thus 
was  it  in  former  days.  But  how  much 
are  tl)e  times  changed  now  !  the  young 
lord,  after  he  has  finlftied  a  fuperficial 
education  at  home,  is  fent  abroad  be- 
fore he  is  able  to  diftinguifti  right  from 
wrong;  he  there  keeps  low  company 
of  hii  OWA  (QMntryj  plunge|  into  sjl 


Oft. 


forts  of  debauchery,  and  at  length  re- 
turns, loaded  with  fcraps  of  French 
and  Italian,  a  fufRclent  aftbrtment  of 
maimed  ftatues,  Cremona  fiddles.  Sec* 
and  attended  with  a  parcel  of  effemi* 
nate  fingers  and  French  valet  de  chatn* 
bres.  He  then  commences  virtuoib. 
Here  he  is  impofed  upon  by  hitpretend- 
ed  admirers^  is  cheated  in  the  groflHI 
manner,  and,  before  he  finds  hit  er- 
ror, is  irreparably  ruined. 

But  thefe  evils  might  be  greatly  a- 
mended  by  a  proper  education  of  the 
youth  of  thefe  kingdoms.  If  tb^ 
were  brought  ifp  in  a  uniform  patn 
of  virtue,  if  they  were  itevcr  allowed 
to  exceed  the  bounds  of  regiilarity, 
nor  to  enter  into  every  new  fa(hion» 
this  would  undoubtedly  happen.  I  ve* 
ry  much  commend  the  fayins  of  lyr. 
Smith,  head-mafter  of  Weftminfter- 
fchool,  when  he  defires  his  pupils  to 
attend  rather  to  the  adorning  of  the 
infide  of  their  heads  than  the  outfide. 
I  think  it  refit6ts  much  honour  on 
that  worthy  gentleman,  and  fliews 
his  contempt  for  the  introdudton  of 
French  faihions,  in  which  he  is  heartily 
joined  by 

PUILOIICOS. 

Defcripfion  of  the  curious  Boat  laiefy 
brought  from  India,  and  frefenttd  n 
their  Majeflies  b^  Go^veruor  Vanfittart. 

THIS  magnificent  boat  is  called  a 
Mohr  Puiikee,  or  Peacock  Boa^, 
from  its  refemblance  to  a  peacock,  hav- 
ing at  its  prow  the  figure  of  that  bird, 
tlie  tail  of  which  is  prolonged  the 
whole  length  of  the  boat,  the  plumage 
on  each  fide  being  moft  beautifully 
painted  and  varniftied.  The  length  ts 
above  eighty  feet;  and  the  extreme 
breadth,  which  is  towards  the  front, 
is  njne  feet,  from  whence  it  gradually 
diminiibes  to  the  ftern,  which  is  ter- 
minated by  the  grotefque  or  imaginary 
figure  of  a  fifties  head,  richly  gilt,  con- 
fidered  in  India  as  an  enfign  of  royalty, 
and  permitted  to  be  borne  only  by 
perfoNs  of  the  higheft  diftindion. 
Over  the  broadeft  part  of  the  boat  it 
erected  a  pavilion,  the  canopy  of  which 
is  fix  feet  high,  and  covered  with  crira- 
fon  velvet,  very  richly  embroidered 
with  gold,  as  a^  likewife  the  curtains 
which  hang  from  it  on  every  fide,  the 
whole  being  fopported  by  feveral  var- 
niftied  pillars,  the  bottom  of  which  10 
furrquuded  by  a  iin^  rail :   a  narrow 

balcony 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^8. 


Account  of  the  Mafquer^de. 


balcony  hanging  over  the  fides  of  the 
boat  ferves  as  a  receptable  for  confec- 
tionary, fruit,  (herbet,  or  othpr  rc- 
freihments  on  the  paiTage.  The  floor 
of  the  pavilion  is  covered  with  fcarlet 
cloth,  upon  which  are  feveral  crimfon 
velvet  cufhions  to  le^n  againft,  accord- 
ing to  the  cuftom  of  the  country  ;  all 
perfons  fitting  dire^ly  upon  the  deck 
with  their  feet  bent  under  them.  In 
the  front  of  the  pavilion  is  a  circular 
kind  of  throne,  or  feat  of  eminence, 
where  the  Nabob,  or  perfon  of  the 
higheft  diftin6tion  is  feated.  This 
place  is  open  on  every  fide,  but  over 
the  top  is  ftretched  a  canopy  of  velvet 
and  gold,  the  whole  breadth  of  the 
boat,  fupported  abaft  by  the  pavilion, 
and  forwards  by  two  painted  ftaves, 
the  tops  of  which,  as  well  as  the  top 
of  the  pavilion,  is  ornamented  with 
golden  cones,  and  furrounded  with  a 
gold  fringe,  with  tallels  of  gold  pen- 
dent at  every  corner.  The  boat  is 
moved  by  paddles,  and  worked  by 
thirty  rowers,  who  fit  behind  the  pa- 
vilion, with  their  facts  fronting  the 
dire6tion  of  motion.  The  paddles  are 
fumiflied  on  each  of  their  handles 
with  two  brafs  rings,  which  clafhing 
together  at  every  motion  given  to 
the  paddles,  ferve  to  make  the  rowers 
keep  time,  who,  finging  to  the  found, 
thereby  regulate  the  motion.  The 
boat  is  (leered  by  a  long  oar  faflened 
on  the  larboard  fide  near  the  ftern,  af- 
ter the  manner  of  the  ancients :  it 
elides  with  great  velocity  along  the 
lurface  of  the  water,  not  drawing 
more  than  nine  inches.  At  the  head 
and  ftem  of  the  vefTcl  are  two  fmall 
mafts  painted  with  vermilion,  on 
which  are  fixed  flreamers  of  crimfon 
lilk,  interfpered  with  flowers  of  gold 
in  the  Moorifh  tafte,  which,  with 
other  ornaments  too  numerous  to 
particularize,  give  it  a  fplendid  and 
elegant  appearance,  beyond  defcrip- 
tign.— This  boat  was  divided  into  three 
parts,  for  convenience  of  ftowage,  and 
brought  over  to  England  in  as  many 
fhips.  The  whole  was  put  together 
and  fitted  up  by  Mr.  Bodmin,  at  his 
wharf  near  Mill  flairs,  Rotherhithe. 

Account  of  the  late  maJkedBall, 

BY    public   advertifements  in  our 
News- papers,    the    doors  of  the 
opera  houfe  were  opened  for  the  ad- 


547 

miffion  of  fpe6laton  in  the  gallci*y  at 
feven  o'clock,  and  for  the  mafks  at 
Jiine  i  early  in  the  evening,  however, 
a  pany  of  the  Guards  was  ordered  up. 
on  duty  at  the  theatre,  to  prevent  dif. 
turbances,  and  highly  to  the  honour 
not  only  of  the  officers,  but  of  the  pri* 
vate  men,  they  exerted  themfelves  in 
fuch  a  manner,  as  very  much  facili- 
tated the  accefs  of  the  ny^ikers  to  the 
houfe,  and  produced  a  greater  degree 
of  order  than  could  be  well  expelled 
among  the  populace. 

The  number  of  tickets  delivered 
out  for  the  ball  was  fo  great,  that  ma- 
ny, fearful  of  finding  admittance  ck- 
tremcly  difficult,  if  not  wholly  impof- 
(ible,  thronged  to  the  houfe  the  mo- 
ment of  admiflion,  fo  that  before  ele- 
ven the  concourfe  was  prodigious,  and 
the  magnificence  of  the  various  drclTes, 
together  with  the  brilliancy  of  the  il- 
lumination, aflbrded  a  view  inconceiv- 
ably pleafmg  to  the  fpe6lator.  The 
general  fatisfa6lion  however  fuflained 
fbme  diminution  from  the  continual 
increafe  of  company,  and  the  exceffive 
heat  of  the  room,  fo  that  the  dancers 
were  very  few,  and  much  of  that 
pleafantry  which  commonly  pafl'es  at 
mnfquerades  when  people  are  perfcft- 
ly  at  eafe  was  fupprelVed.  Add  to  this, 
that  feveral  unable  to  endure  the  heat, 
were  reduced  to  the  neceffity  of  un- 
maiking  long  before  fupper,  when  it 
became  univerfal  to  unmaik,  and  con- 
fequently  put  it  out  of  their  own 
power  to  preferve  the  propriety  of  their 
imaginary  characters. 

His  Danifh  ma  jelly  was  dreffed  in  a 
tiflue  domino,  but  wore  no  mafk,  nor 
did  he  appear  in  the  publick  rooms 
very  frequently  during  the  courfe  t)f 
the  evening:  their  royal  highneffes 
the  dukes  ot  Gloucefler  and  Cumber- 
land were  alfo  in  dominos ;  and  it  was 
lamented  that  the  nobility  in  general 
gave  more  into  this  mone  of  drcffing 
then  was  confident  either  with  the 
ends  of  magnificence,  or  the  views  of 
variety.  Indeed  his  grace  the  duke 
of  Northumberland  was  in  a  Perfian 
habit,  with  a  fine  turban  richly  orna- 
mented with  diamonds ;  lord  Grofve- 
nor  was  in  a  fplendid  fuit  of  the  Tur- 
ki(h  fafliion,  and  two  or  three  other 
perfons  of  rank  were  very  much  diflin- 
guifhed  for  the  elegance  as  well  as  the 
grandeur  of  their  appearance. 

Z  z  z  ft  But 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


54^  Va  Ft  I  o  u  s  C 

But  what  the  entertainment  fofFcr- 
cd  in  ifs  fplendoui*  through  the  inat- 
tention of  the  dignified  at  court,  was 
amply  attoned  for  by  the  emulation 
of  the  fubftantial  in  the  city ;  many 
gentlemen,  whofe  fortunes  entirely 
proceed  from  trade,  feemed  laudably 
defiroui  of  (hewing  the  opulence  of 
their  country  to  the  illuftrious  gran- 
ger who  honouied  it  with  his  prcfence, 
and  many  of  the  mod  fuperb,  as  well 
as  the  bed  fancied  drefles  in  the  whole 
aiTcmbly,  were  thofe  of  eminent  citi- 
zens. On  thfs  occafion  the  (quantity 
of  gold  and  frlver  tilTue  made  into  In- 
dian, Perfian,  and  Chinefe  habits,  to- 
gether with  the  quantity  of  diamonds 
with  which  thtfe  habits  were  decora- 
ted, is  pad  belief^  nothing  but  the 
a6tual  view  could  convince  the  mind 
of  its  reality. 

As  to  the  ladies,  a  more  beautiful 
group  was  never  aiTembled ;  in  the 
choice  of  their  dreffcs  the  whole  ele- 
gance of  female  tafte  was  exerted,  and 
at  twelve,  when  the  company  unmafk- 
ed  to  go  to  Aipper,  the  defcription  of 
the  Mahometan  paradife  immediately 
ruihed  upon  the  memory,  and  all  was 
an  appearance  of  the  mod  exquifite 
luxury  and  love.  Amone  the  ladies  of 
didinftion  who  were  more  eminent  on 
this  occaHon,  the  duchefs  of  Ancader, 
in  thechara^er  of  a  fultana,  was  uni- 
yerfally  admired.  Her  robe  was  pur- 
ple Sattin  bordered  with  ermine,  and 
Huttered  on  the  ground  fo  much  in 
the  dile  of  eadern  magnificence,  that 
we  were  tranfported  in  fancy  to  the 
palaces  of  Condantinople  from  the 
borders  of  ^he  Thames.  The  princefs 
Amelia,  theduchefs  of  Bedford,  lady 
Howe,  and  feveral  other  perfonages  of 
high  rank  were  prefent,  but  did  not 
tnafk  ;  Lady  Harrington,  and  the  two 
young  ladies  her  daughters,  were  ex- 
tremely  limple  in  their  appearance, 
bur,  at  the  fame  time,  extremely  ele- 
gant, and  attra£ked  the  general  auen* 
%ion  of  the  company. 

As  to  other  ladies,  Mrs.  Rofs,  in 
rl.e  chara6ler  of  Night,  difplayed  much 
i\*i\cy  in  the  choice  of  her  dreUj  it 
was  a  thin  black  dlk,  dudded  with  dars, 
and  fadened  to  the  head  by  a  moon 
vtry  happily  ex<rcutfd,  A  Diana, 
^-iih  a  buw  in  hei  hand*  and  a  quiver 
^t  her  back,  was  al(o  greatly  admir- 
ed i  and  a  beautiful  quaker,  in  a  filk 
q(  a  faint  maiden's  bluOi,  did  copd^ 


HARACTE&S. 


oa. 


derable  execution  among  the  gentle- 
men, notwitbdanding  a  face  of  tlie 
rood  perfect  innocence  contended  with 
the  mod  exquifite  beauty  for  pre-emr- 
nence. 

The  diameful  cudom  of  gaming  was 
totally  prohibited ;  and  the  worthy  (hi- 
ternity  of  diarpers,  who  throng  like  fo 
many  birds  of  prey  to  all  faOiionable 
amufementt,  were  intirely  diiappoint- 
ed  in  their  expedtations  of  play,  on 
this  much  expeded  evening  $  this  re- 
gulation gave  inexpreflible  fatisfAdion 
to  every  generous  member  of  the  af- 
fembly,  and  refled^ed  no  little  lionour 
on  the  dnp  underdanding  of  the  illuf- 
trious  perfonage  wlio  gave  the  enter- 
tainment. 

The  elegance  of  the  fupper  was  pro* 
digious,  particularly  of  the  confed^ion- 
ary,  in  which  fpacious  palaces  were 
raifed,  and  whole  countries  fpread  up- 
on the  table  for  the  double  gratifica- 
tion of  the  eye  and  the  appetite. 

His  Danidi  majedy  came  in,  maiked, 
between  ten  and  eleven  o'clock,  walk* 
ed  about  with  great  good  nature,  and 
pleafantry,  till  twelve  i  then  withdrew* 
with  a  feled  company,  to  fupper,  and 
then  appeared  no  more :  the  princeis 
Amelia  fat  the  whole  time  in  one  of 
the  boxes,  maiked.  The  king  was  in 
a  private  box,  apparently  ftiut,  but 
with  peep  holes  in  the  diutters.  Her 
grace  the  duchefs  of  Northumberland 
appeared  in  the  cbarader  of  Rem- 
brandt's wife,  in  a  dofe  black  gown, 
trimmed  with  gold,  a  round  eared 
coif,  fliort  apron  tucked  up»  with  a 
painter's  brudi  in  her  hand.  The 
charader  of  Mungo,  in  the  Padlock, 
was  very  excellently  adumed  by  Mr. 
Mendez,  who  was  very  fine  in  jewels, 
and  exceedingly  diverted  the  compa- 
ny. Dr.  Dominiceti  and  his  laJy,  in 
the  chara^er  of  a  gardener  and  his 
wife,  excited  much  curiofity.  Among 
the  other  cbaradiers,  befides  thofe  w< 
have  mentioned,  were 
Diana  Lady  Stanhope^ 

Old  Woman  Gen.  Conway 

Witch  Mr.  James 

Indian  Raggi  Mr.  Vanfittart 

Ditto  Mr.  Scrafion 

Chimney  Sweeper    Unknown 
Sailor  Mr.  Thorn pfon 

^0  Sailor  •  Mr.  Brodei  ^i^ 

$ir  Epic.  Mapimon  Mr.  Kf  lly 
Cleopatra  Mrs.  Garnier 

CoiiJffs  of  CbaflUj    Mif»  G  irovc^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Poetical  Essays  in 

The  value  ^f  the  Jewell,  which  were 
Worn  on  this  occafion,  was  fup- 
pofed  to  amount  to  not  lefs  than  two 
millions  of  money. 

Fcr  the  Rot  in  Sheep  occafioned  by  feeding 
in  moifl  or  fijuampy  Grounds, 

"AS  foon  at  the  fymptoms  of  the 
J\.  difor.fer  appear,  give  to  each 
fheep  a  common  (poonful  of  fpirits  or 
oil  of  turpentine  mixed  with  two  of 
water,  after  fafting  twelve  hours.  Let 
them  take  three  dofes,  (laying  fix  days 
between  each  dofe.** 


.October,    1768.  549 

This  remedy  has  lately  been  tried 
very  Aiccefsfully  in  Somerfetfhire,  par- 
ticularly in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Taunton,  where  feveral  (heep  (almoft 
in  the  lad  itage  of  the  diforder)  were 
thoroughly  cured.  It  deftroys  the  ani- 
malcula  which  are  found  od  the  livers 
of  infe6ied  (heep,  refemblingflat-fifh 
or  flooks,  and  carries  off  the  complaint 
by  a  plentiful  difcharge  of  Urine. 
Sheep  thus  cured  have  thrived  after* 
wards  furpri(ingly,  and  have  yielded 
as  much  profit  to  the  farmer  and  but- 
cher as  tnofe  which  were  never  in- 
feaed. 


POETICAL     ESSAYS. 


Epitaph  9m  an  tlegant  Monumtnt  trtBtd  in  the 
Cathedral  at  Briftol,  in  Memory  «/  Mrs, 
M^ron,  H^/e  of  the  Rev,  Mr,  Nufon,  vtbo 
died  laft  Tear  at  the  Hot- WcUi. 

TA  X.  E  holy  earth  all  that  my  foul  holds 
dear ;  [gave. 

Take  that  beft  gift  which  heaven  fo  lately 
To  Briftol'i  fount  I  bore  with  trembling  care 
Her  faded  form  :    She  bow*d  to  tafte  the 
wave 
Afld  died.     Does  youth,   does  beauty,    read 
the  line  ? 
Does  fyropathedc  fear  their  breaflt  alarm  ? 
Speak,  dead  Maria,  breathe  a  ftraio  divine  { 
Ev*n  from  the  grave  thou  (halt  have  pow*r 
CO  charm. 
Bid  them  be  chaAe,  be  innocent  like  thee. 

Bid  them  in  duty*a  fphere  as  meekly  move) 
And  if  fo  fair,  from  vanity  at  free, 

As  ^tm  in  friendship  and  aa  food  in  Love, 
Tell  them,  tho*  'tis  an  awful  thing  to  die, 
(*Twat  ev'n  to  thee)  yet  the  dread  path 
once  trod, 
Heaven  lifti  it*a  everlafling  portali  high, 
And  bids  **  the  pure  in  heart  behold  their 
Cod." 

W.  Mason. 

Vt^fttf  /aid  to  have  bten  tor  it  ten  by  Samoel 
Johnfon,  L.  L.  D,  at  the  requcfl  of  a  Gen^ 
tUman  to  %obom  a  Lady  bad  given  a  Sprig  of 
Myrtle, 

WHAT  hopes,   what  terrors  does  thy 
gift  create, 
Anbiguous  emblem  of  uncertain  fate  ! 
The  myrtle  (enfign  of  fupreme  command 
Confign^d  by  Venus  to  MeIinA*8  hand) 
tiot  let's  capricious  than  a  reigning  fair. 
Oft  favours,  oft  rejcds  a  lover's  prayV  : 
ia  myrtle  (hades  oft  (in^  the  happy  fwatn, 
\a  myrtle  ihadca  defjpairing  ghoAs  comolaio  t 


The  myrtle  crowns  the  happy  lovers  heads, 
Th*  unhappy  lovers  graves  the  myrtle  fpieads| 
O !  then  the  meaning  of  thy  gift  impart. 
And  eafe  the  throbbing  of  an  anxiobi  hearty 
Soon  muft  this  bough,    as  you  ihall  fix  his 

doom. 
Adorn  Philander^s  head,  or  grace  his  tomb. 

Syfpenee,    tbou  Jlender  thread,  on  which  defpair 
Hangs  like  a  fword  depending  — 

Muf.  Arc.  Lib.  it 

— — — . — Suffence, 

Thou  thread,   on  which  the  lovers  hopes  bang 

trembling  \ 
And  tbcu,  LUfpair,  fell  handmaid  to  the  fates, 
JVho  cutfi  off  hope,  and  life  with  one  dire  ftroke. 

Ibid. 
Sufpeneu  thou  wheel  on  which  the  lomer^tfonl 
IsJlrttcVd,  toTMf  racked  I    hopes  are  the  ferewt 

confine  us  \ 
Fears  are  the  cords  that  dram  us  into  torture  % 
And  keen  defpair  our  executioner. 

Ibid.  Lib.  t« 
To    DAMON. 
T  N  vain  the  doubtful  Labyrinth  I  trace, 
-'-  Whilft  errors  upon  errors  round  me  twist ; 
Oh !    for  fome  clue  to  find  the  wondVous 
maze ! 
Oh  !  Damon,  may  I  fafely  call  thee  mine  ? 
Sure  ibme  keen  rival  thro*  my  downca(l  eyes. 

Read  the  (harp  angui(h  of  a  foul  oppreft  ; 
And  croel  fporting  with  a  wretch's  (jghs, 
Pevis*d    new    torments   for   my   achinf 
breaft. 
Grief  o'er  my  fool  her  gloomy  veil  had  thrown, 
Hope's    fainter  beams  fearce    glimmer 'd 
thro*  the  (hade, 
*TilI  late  the  fun  of  joy  delufive  (hone, 

And  f'lfe  illumioauons  round  me  fpread. 
The  Twanging  bow,    tough   bending  to  the 
(bing. 
Yields  to  the  effbru  of  fvpertor  might ; 

Bet 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


55©  Poetical  Essays //r  October,  1768. 

REAL      BEAUTY. 


But  fnap  the  band,  it  with  elaftic  rpriag^ 
Starts  fnto  form,  aod  quivVin^  ftandi  tip- 
right. 
Thui  my  foul,  laden  with  a  weight  of  woe* 

Sunk  to  the  prefliire  of  unequal  grief; 
But    fooa    metbought    my    DamoR    call'd, 
and,  lo ! 
My  quickenM  fpint  caught  a  (hort  relief, 
Joy,  like  a  meteor,  (hot  acrofi  my  fool, 

But,  like  a  meteor,  left  no  track  of  reft  j  ' 

Down  tny  pale  cheek  new  fN-eama  of  (brrow 

ftole  [breaft. 

And   difappointment  rack*d  my   UbVing 

%omt  guardian  Sylph  beheld  with  pitying  eye. 

And  tncM  the  fecret  mazes  of  my  carc{ 
Whilft  I  perhaps  with  unavailing  figh, 
Rtiffied  his  plumes,  or  clogg*d  them  with 
a  tear. 
Then  ilrctch*^  his  a*ry  pinions  to  the  wind, 
ACum'd  my  fong  in  fadly  pleafing  ftrain  ; 
Pour'd  forth  .the  plaints  my  tortured   breaft 
confined, 
And  owo*d  to  Damon  all  my  fecret  pain. 
'Twas   Dsmon   calPd— no,    Chloc,    thou'rt 
deceived:  [ware; 

Fond  maid,  once  more  of  Error's  voice  hc- 
Left  when  the  flattVing  vifioo  tbou'ft  believed. 
The  heaven-wrought  phantom  leflTtn  into 
air. 
"Tis  he,  'tis  he !  be  gone,  unkind  fufpcnce  I 

Whiiil  round  my  foul  the  fond  ideas  twine; 
Fly  fear!  fly  doubt !  fly  card  fulpicion  hence  1 

1  read,  I  hear,  i  Tee  him  in  each  line. 
Ah,    me  !    on  hope's  too  flattering  pinions 
bor'n, 
My  failing  fcnfc  the  giddy  heights  bewray  ; 
Kow  funk  in  wretchedneTs ;  Vm  rack'd,  I'm 
torn. 
And  all  the  dear  delufion  fades  away. 
No,    Damon,    no;    from   me  thou'rt  ever 
gone ; 
No  thought  of  Chloe  flutters  in  thy  breafl ; 
You   never    lov'd,    that  dream  was  all .  my 
own; 
Why  on  appearance  did  my  folly  reft  ? 
Yet  once  I  thought — but  why  recall  the  paft, 
When  rccolJc£^i?n  brings  fo  (harp  a  rtingf 
No,  d  ad  to  thought,  in  folitude  TU  wafte, 
The  luture  hours  where  pleafure  knows  no 
fpring. 
There,    in  ihc  (hade  of  life,   I'll  hufh  each 
groan, 
Choak  every  fob,  and  (lifle  every  figh  ; 
No  echo  (hall  repeat  my  haplefamoan. 
No    fwimming    tear   fuflufc   my  iiedfaft 
eye. 
In  the  dull  calm  of  tailelefs  apathy, 

The  dreary  remnant  oi  my  life  (hall  move. 
And  my  onc^-thtobbing  breaft  ihall  only  be 

The  cenotaph  of  long  departed  love. 
But  ev'ry  late,  but  ev'iy  early  prayer 

1*11  wing  to  heaven  with  ora;fons  for  thee. 

Farewell,  for  ever,  Damon,  once  moft  dear  j 

May  you  ne'er  feel  the  fotf  ows  felt  by  me. 

June.  Chlox. 


Sat  J  to  hi  Written  by  tb<  Author  tj  Strmett  t$ 
Tf'Ur.g  Women. 

TH  E  diamond's  and  the  ruby*s  bJaze, 
Difputet    the     palm    with     beauty *i 
queen; 
Not  beauty's  queen  com-nands  fuch  praiie. 

Devoid  of  virtue,  if  (he's  feen. 
But  the  Toft  tear  in  pity's  eye, 

Outihines  the  diamond's  bn^hteft  beami  - 
And  the  fweet  blufh  of  modcfty  ' 

More  beauteous  than  the  raby  feems. 

I!be   PjlOTESTANT    WlSM, 

LONG  o'er   the  Briti(h  and  the  E^Idc 

May  George  and  Chriftlan  (happy  brothus) 
Then  Aall  religion  halcyon  days  enfoy. 
And  bigotry  no  more  the  woild  deiiroy. 

C.  JONCS. 

Iht  KING  ^  DENMARK'S  Health  : 

./^Volunteer  Toast. 
Writ  for  the  Banquet  given  Oaober  7,   175!, 

Ttf^xiDANisH  Majesty,^ 
HitGracetbeDv  %  E  if  Sot.  thvmbeela  x»» 

The  Tunc,— God favi  our  mobU  KtngI 
I. 

HEALTH  to  the  Royal  Dane, 
WT»o  croft'd  the  boift'ioua  main. 

This  ifle  to  view  5 
Invited  by  th«  fame 
Of  our  lov'd  fov'reign's  oame^ 
His  amity  to  claim, 

And  leagues  renew. 
II. 
Charm'd  with  a  gneft  fo  riie« 
Each  order  ((ee!)  prepare 

'  A  fplendid  day. 
Inftint  the  (iftcr  arts 
Shiae  foith  inconatlefs  partt^ 
All,  all,  with  joyous  hearts. 

Their  pow'j's  difplay, 
III. 
Hail  London  !  Albion's  boaft ! 
The  theme,  the  fav'rite  toaft 

Of  Denmark's  king} 
Who  fweelly  was  amas'd,  » 

As  o'er  thy  Thames  he  gaa'd, 
Thy  fleets,  thy  commerce  prail^d. 

Wealth's  nobleft  fpring. 
IV. 
Beat  drums !— >let  trumpets  (bond ! 
Spread  (Echo!)  round  and  roand 

The  honours  (hewn 
To  Chriftlan  !— Hence  fat  flee 
Strife,  fadlion,  jealoufy:    . 
Say,  that  Philanthropy 

Adorns  a  throi^ . 


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j68:  INCONSTANCY.  551 

SUNG    AT    FINCH'S   GROTTO   GARDENS. 


Be  -  oeatn  thit  grove,     this     fi    •    lent   Ibade,  Cutne  Da    -    mon 


m 


E^ 


to        thy 


|cn     -     tie        maid.      Come    Di     -     mon     to    thy 


^^^^K^ 


nymph  would       love    like  me. 


a=p 


SE 


^ 


^^ 


For         D*  -  mon's  all         in 


You  ut*d  to  talk  of  lovg  and  blifs. 
And  often  figh'd  my  lipi  to  kifi  j 
But  roving  no«r  it  fwveeter  glee. 
Since  Damon^t  all  incopftancy. 

iir. 

Here  frafrant  flowers  fweetly  fpring;, 
The  feather'd  choir  in  concert  fing  t 
Ret  vain  it  what  I  hear  aod  fee, 
Since  Daraon*i  a  1  inconflancy.  ' 


The  am'rous  doves  now  hill  and  ceo. 
And  fo  falfc  Damon,,  fo  can  you  : 
But  can't  like  ihem  conttn'pd  be. 
For  thy  delight's  inconftancy. 

V. 
Ye  (imple  'air  believe  not  man. 
They  all  proceed  on  Demon's  plan  : 
Then  from  the  Cf.x  your  hearts  keep  frcr. 
And  love  like  thrm  inconftancy. 


/?Sa  I L  ow^*tDefc'  ipt'ion  o/tbeM  asq^uerade, 
^t  playtd  before  the  King  of  Denmark  to  a  mot- 
ley, croudca  /fudience, 

LITTLE  Moll  and  myfelf,  faith,  from 
Wapptflg  came  up. 
To  (ee  the  An«  (hew  and  the  folks  ; 
But  for  fear  of  miftakcs,    we  thought  beft  for 
'    to  fup, — 
For  thefc  courtiers  have  comical  jokeit 


When  firft  we  came  in,  I  was  'maz'd  to  be- 
hold, 
Night  at  once  was  all  chang'd  into  day  5 
The  folks  fcem'd  to  roll  like  a  vaftfct  ofgold, 

And  the  gallVy  ftuff'd  full  Hk^*  a  phy. 
Little  Moll  dropp'd  a-I^crn,  as  fhc  fcur'd  to 
make  fail. 
Till  I  at  her  helm  took  a  rpelL— 
When  whip  in  a  trice,  fhe  (lecr'd  no  w''^ia 
Of  the  Devil,  juft  land- d  from  H:il.    fluil 

L;id 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


55* 


Poetical  Essays  in  October,   1768. 


Lord  bleff  ne,    (fayt  ihe)  Ben !  why  where 
bftve  we  got  ? 
Thit  cofnpao]f*8  too  good  for  we ! 
Sure  at  home  he  wu  cold,   and't  come  here 
to  be  <bor, 
For  fuch  DeriU  I  never  did  fee ! 

The  deriL!   ne*er  mind^beave  a-head»   my 
dear  giil, 

And  ril  diew  you  the  king  of  the  crew, 
Zach  duke,  ev*ry  ducheft— each  lady  and  early 

And  when  I  bamp,  do  you  curtfey-i^do! 

Like  a  tragedy  queen,   when  Moll  faw  the 
king. 
Plump  on  her  bare  kneea  (be  fell  down  { 
Boty  by  Neptuoe,  I  ibon  made  her  rife  with 
a  fpring. 
And  (wore  ihe  knew  nought  of  the  town. 
We  parted— and  I,    faith,   who  love  to  be 
fmart, 
Clap*d  on  board  of  a  (hepherdefii  fweet. 
Who,  with  no  other  crook  than  her  eyes, 
heok*d  my  heart, 
At  faft  at  if  preft  in  the  fleet* 
She  pall*d  me  about  ^tiU  quite  parch*d  wat  my 
mouth) 
At  the  rate  of  ten  knots  by  the  log : 
But  I  foon  found  this  king  was  no  tar—  but  a 
For  he  Burgundy  gave  us  as  Grog,  [youth^ 
Yhls  gay  little  ihepherdefr,   faith,    was  fo 
fmart. 
She  tow'd  me  from  pillar  to  poft  ; 
Some  calfd  me  a  lubber,  unfit  Lr  my  part» 

And  wreck*d  on  the  mafquerade  coaft. 
Mandarins  and  nabobs  were  as  plenty  as  rice, 

Jews,  negroes,  banyans,  and  what  not  ? 
Therewere  cbaraders  purcbas'd  at  every  price. 

Except  the  raw,  bra,  letter *d  Scot, 
In  this  ocean  of  pleafure,  egad,  there  were  tara 

Who  ne'er  pafi'd  the  Buoy  of  the  Nore  $ 
There  were  feloiers,  like  Hymen,  who  knew 
nought  of  wars, 
And  DwKtno  fools  by  the  fcore* 


There  were  pilgrims  and  qnakersy    Uackfy 
witches  and  nnn^, 

Minervas  without  fen fe  or  tongoe. 
Who  falter'd  and  li(p*d  out  fome  femintoepuns; 

«  Do  you  know  me  ?"  waa  all  — faid  or  fang. 
Grave  conjurors  too,*  who  nc*er  conjur'd  be- 

And  barlcquina  heavy  ai  droU ;  [fore. 

Mild  Nighi  too,    who  ioo^  ihoue  the  iua  of 
thii  (bore. 

But  fet  in  the  fair  Mrs.  Rofa. 
Old    wives   were   at  once   to   dull   generals 

And  Tancred  in  forrowful  ftrain       [tutn*d. 
Wept  Phiilips*s  wrongi,^-and  then  ioftantiy 
burn*d 

For  Diana  from  lewd  Drury^Lane. 
There  wat  fupper  they  faid—we  got  nothing 
to  eat  j 

Here  a  fort,  there  a  town,  here  St.  Paul  \ 
But  all  cram*d,  as  %x  Jbsrt  alitmamct  of  nacat,  ^ 

Gorgciog  garrifona,  gardens,  and  all. 
By  ftranse  kitchen  alchymy  every  <<i(h 

Seem*d  traofmoted  for  Epicure  Mammon  f 
There  was  fiibifyM  fle(h,  and  ricfbif|*d  fifli,— 

A  calf  *s  head  (eem*d  a  fine  joU  of  falmoo. 

When  1  thought  I  took  one  thing,  another  I 
got}— 
The  French  cook  fo  well  knew  his  trade. 
That  ev*ry  thing  look'd  like  what  it  wat 
not,— 
And  the  di(hes  were  sll  Mafquerade. 
There  were  none  loft  their  wit,  there  vsec< 
fonac  loA  fome  fweat,— 
In  (hort,  'twas  all  Hebrew  to  me  ; 
So  my  anchor  I  trip*d,  with  my  kind  ItttJe  Bet 
And  paid  MoU  with  a  top  JmI  at  fea* 

Epigram  OM  Mr  I,  Ro(s*s  ptrftmsting  Ni^ht,  cr 
tbt  iaU  R§yal  MafjuerMde* 

BEHOLD,  in  charaAer  of  Nfgbf, 
All  clad  in  dark  array, 
Farny  appeara  !— The  thought  how  right ! 
Fannj  baa  had  her  Day, 


An  IMPARTIAL  REVIEW  of  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


ARTICLE    I. 

if* HE  modem  ff^fe,  %  vols.  ismo.  Lowndes, 
pr.  5s. 
This  novel,  though  it  is  the  produ^on  of 
the  circulating  library,  is  not  without  menc 
The  fable  upon  which  it  is  conflruAed  is  in- 
deed improbable  in  feveral  places,  and  fome 
of  the  cbaraders  are  but  poorly  imagined  ; 
yet  the  language  is  Superior  to  the  general 
run  of  thefe  performances,  the  fentiiAents 
are  frequently  (Irong  and  elegant,  and  the  lef* 
Ion  which  it  inculcatea  is  well  worth  the  fe. 
rioos  attention  of  the  ladies— we  therefore 
recommend  it  to  the  friends  of  morality  aa 
a  book  which  is  calculated  to  promote  the 
enda  of  virtue,  and  we  doubt  not  upon  that 
account,  of  Its  meeting  with  t  favourable  re- 
«ptioa  from  our  rcadas. 


II.  Sermoni/or  the  UJe  e/Familifu  By  Wil- 
liam Enfield,    i  vol.  lamo.  Johnfon. 

Thefe  difcourfea  aie  really  what  they  pro- 
fefs  ;  ufcful  for  families  \  being  pUin  apd 
pra£Hc^l,  and  what  every  fober  reader  may 
perufe  with  an  equal  prorpe^  oi  improve* 
ment  and  fatifa^lion. 

III.  A  pbibfopbical  Survey  ef  *be  Animal 
Creaiiau,  an  Effay  «  wherein  the  geiterai  Di' 
vajimtion,  and  Carnage,  that  reign  amang  the 
different  Clajfti  ef  Atimais,  are  e*ajidt.red  in  a 
new  Point  of  Vii^u,  and  the  ntafi  Ittcrtafe  ef 
JJf*  and  Enjoyment  derived  to  the  %vhoU  from 
thit  Inpitution  ef  Nature  itcfeatiy  demonfirmted* 
— -Tranflated  (rom  the  Fiencb— J&hnibo. 

The  author  of  this  work  divides  hia  fob* 
je^  into  three  paits«    In  the  firft  he  ticats  of 

the 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


't'768; 

She  nature  of  lift  lO  general,  its  endt,  ex- 
Tcoty  and  variety.     In  the  fecund,  he  conii- 
^ers  the  oppofuion  in  which   life  ii  to  itfclf, 
and  Che  advantages  of  tbit  oppofition. — And, 
lathe  third  p'ace,  after  he  hat  anft^ered  the 
objedions  which  may  be  made  to  hit  theory, 
lae   defcantk  on    the   law   of  multiplication, 
i^t  oiii^in,  and  e/fe£bs. — It  muft  be   allowed^ 
xhat  there  is  fometning  not  a  little  ingenious 
in  the  arguments  of  this  writer  |   and  as  be 
Isids  fair  to  be  generally   approved,  we   (hall 
^ive  an  extract  from  the  lail  chapter  of  the 
third  part,   which  maintains,  fbat  tbt  world 
Bt  govrrAeJ  iy  generaf  isvft,  as  a  fpecimen  of 
liis  manner,  to  our  readers. — **  Ii  is  with  this 
law   of  nature,  fays  our  author,    which  or- 
dains the  deflruAion  of  one  part  of  animal 
life,  for  the  good  of  another,    as  it  is  wuh 
every  other  law  Providence  has  eftablifhed  to 
xnaintain  the  order  of  tbe  univerfe.    It  may 
not  at  all  times  peife£lly  correfpond  with  the 
good  of  individuals,  yet  it  is  wife,  jui^,  and 
equiuble,  with  refpe^t  to  thofe  beings  them- 
selves whoTe  happinefs  it  feems  mod  to  op- 
pofe.    This  truth  it  is  difHcuIt  to  compre- 
hend, becaufe  men  in  general  comprehend 
nothing  beyond  the    f^here  of    their    own 
private  wants.     To  this  contra£led  view  are 
all  the  fpcculations  of  the  fceptic  confined  ; 
jKid  hence  it  is  ihat  he  fees  nothing  but  dif- 
order  and  confuHon  in  the  plan  of  rhe  uni- 
verfe.    To  this  contra£led  po'nt  of  view  are 
confined  alfo  the  meditations  of  every  reli- 
gloos  man,   that  is  wedded  to  a  fy (lem,    and 
-who  of  confequence,    whenever  he  refle£\s 
upon  the  ways  of  providence,   is  as  blind  to 
their  excellence  and  juftice  as  the  infidel  or 
atbeift.     And  the  better   to  (hield   himfelf 
frooa  their  attacks,    he  is  obliged  to  wrap 
himfelf  up  in  his  ignorance  y   to  call  every 
thing  even  the  moll  obvious  truths,    myfte- 
riet,   beyond  the  powers  of  human  reafon  to 
penetrate.     Let  us  leave  thefe  charafters  to 
agree  at  well  as  they  can;  we  are  not  to  ex- 
pe^  the  heads  of  fuch  (hould  becume  the  re- 
polxtories  of  truth. 

Since  what  may  be  heneficial  to  the  whole, 
does  not  always  promote  the  interefl  of  a  part, 
confidered  as  unconnected  with  the  whole; 
fince  univcrlal  and  partial  good,  are  in  a  cer- 
tain feofe  dlniji£t  objects,  and  not  to  be  ac- 
quired by  the  fame  means }  it  is  impoflible 
but  that  general  laws,  laws  that  have  the 
confervation  of  the  univerfe  itfelf,  and  con- 
iequently  of  an  infinite  multitude  of  beings, 
for  their  obje£t,  fhould  at  times  oppofe  pri- 
vate interefl,  or  the  intereft  of  a  part  confi- 
dered aa  diflin^  from  the  whole  t  and  6nce 
the  prefervation  ot  the  whole,  is  certainly  to 
be  preferred  to  that  of  a  parr,  the  general 
laws  of  nature  ought  to  be,  for  this  reafon, 
fixt,  immutable  and  perpetual.  No  creature 
can  Infringe  upon  thefe  laws,  without  a  par- 
ticoltr  permiflion  from  him  who  eflablifhed 
them.  He  alone  is  equal  to  this,  who  holds 
tbe  reim  of  the  univerlei  and  cait  with  a  firm 
O^.  1768, 


Survey  of  tbe  Jnimal  Creation. 


55i 

aod  fleady  hand  dire£l  every  event  and  every 
circumftance  to  one  general  and  determined 
deftination.  To  expert  that,  God  will  fufpend 
the  operations  of  hts  laws,  every  time  they 
clafh  with  the-  in'erefl  of  individuals,  is,  of 
all  abfurditiei,  the  greateft.  What !  becaufe 
the  waves  of  the  fea  are  in  danger  of  over* 
whelming  fome  unthinking  wretches  that  ex- 
pofe  themfelves  to  its  mercy  upon  the  watert» 
ihall  they  ceafe  to  communicate  to  them  that 
perpetual  agitation  which  is  fo  needful  and^fa- 
lutary  f  Shall  he  fupprefs  the  impetuoui 
winds,  and  forbid  them  to  drive  befote  them 
the  contagious  vapours,  becaufe  an  unfortu- 
nate mortal,  or  a  whole  family,  are  upon  the 
point  of  being  buried  under  the  ruins  of  fome 
edifice  ?  Shall  he  forbid  the  thunder  to  roar, 
tbe  rain  to  fwell  the  torrent^  the  hail  to  lay 
waflc  the  fields  every  tim.  irltimidated  crea- 
tures fhall  evpofe  their  relics,  or  make  vowt 
and  proceflions  for  this  end;  doubtIefs,'not. 
It  is  upon  the  conflant  and  uniform  a£lion  of 
thefe  laws,  that  the  confervation  of  the  uni- 
verfe depend*.  Was  it  juft  to  fufpend  for 
once  only,  their  elTefts,  In  favour  of  an  indi- 
vidual, they  mua  be  fufpended  for  all.  The 
whole  would  perifh,  and  the  individual  with 
it.  Thefe  laws  therefore  never  deviate  from 
the  path  prefcribed,  except  in  Cafes  that  con- 
cern the  whole  world,  and  afie£t,  as  it 
were,  an  intire  change  in  it.  Do  we  not 
find  that  fecond  caufes,  which  are  no  other 
than  thefe  laws  thcrnfdvcs,  are  ftnbborn  as 
iron  and  brafs,  with  rcfpcft  to  us,  whenever 
the  general  deftinatioa  of  ihin^s  rins  counter 
to  our  private  intereft  ?  And  what  would  be- 
come of  focieties  >  "What  would  become  of 
the  world  itfelf,  if  by  our  vows  and  tears  we 
could  eflPeft  the  lea/l  change  ?  Does  not  one 
half  of  mankind  beg  of  God  to  be  deaf  to 
the  prayers  of  the  other  ?  Docs  not  this  na- 
tion burn  incenfe  upon  its  altars,  does  it  not 
offer  its  facrifices  to  the  fupreme,  to  influence 
him  to  cl^ange  the  fongs  of  triumph,  ano- 
ther nation  is  uttering^  into  cries  and  lamen-  « 
tations  ?  Should  Providence  make  the  wifhes 
and  defires  of  individuals  the  rule  of  his  coo- 
du6t,  thofe  general,  immutable  laws,  that 
wonderful  order  which  reigns  in  the  univerfe, 
would  foon  give  way  to  trouble  and  con fufion: 
that  univerlal  joy  and  facisfa£tion  obfervable 
in  the  animal  creation,  would  foon  be  chang- 
ed into  vniverfal  conft<!rnafion  ar^d  defpair.'* 

IV.  Modern  Galfantry:  Or,  The  New  jfrt 
§fLffve.  By  a  Lady  toeil  known  fcr  her  lite 
rary  Acqutfitieni  and  amortus  Ik tr  guts.  T0 
tvhicb  ii  add<dy  a  Town  Ecloguo,  4to.  ju 
Robfon. 

From  the  de-rnt  isitimation  on  rhe  title 
page  of  this  article,  that  the  fair  author  is 
no  lefs  diftinguifhed  for  her  amorous  inrrigua^ 
than  her  literary  acqeifltions,  we  arc  well 
aH'ured  that  the  fenfible  part  of  the  pubfu*, 
will  entertain  no  greai:  opinion  of  the  prefent 
performance,  though  we  dare  fsy  the  inge- 
nious bookfellerf    who    has    honoured  the 

4  A  wgrld 


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Present   State 


oa: 


world  wUh  It,  ti^Sttd  that  thit  Tery  intio 
mation  would  draw  in  a  coofiderable  number 
of  purcbafers.  That  none  of  our  rcaden, 
however,  may  Joe  tempted  to  throw'  away 
their  IT. one  ytrom  a  fpiric  of  idle  curlofity, 
we  (hall  prefeot  them  with  the  fix  fol  owing 
linea,  which  we  think  at  meiitofioot  u  any 
io  the  whole  puMitatioDi 

Naked  was  love  till  Ovid  gave  a  robe, 
"Whofe  flowing  mautU,  fpreado*er  half  tho 

globe) 
Kature  had  genuine  charmi  without  av/jl 
But  doubly  £ooc  when  elegantly  drefl: 
Hit  beauteoui  gatmenu  were  approvM   at 

known^ 
And  as  Love'f  taylor  Ovid  ftill  we  oiirn.-— 
Thit  Mor. month  (treet  metaphor  it  all  we 
thick  oecellary  to  eitrad  from  thii  dtlicati 
poem  before  us,  and  if  it  docs  not  anfwcr 
the  god  we  propofc  by  it,  we  are  certain  that 
no  faloury  effed  could  arift  from  our  moft 
icrious  remonftrancei. 

,  V.  Labour  and  Geniut ;  «r,  tbi  Mill  Stnam 
0nd  tbi  Cajeadi,  A  Fable.  Written  in  the 
Tear  1^61,  and  injcribed  to  #^# /«/«  William 
ShcAftooe,  EJp  \Bj  Richard  Jagoy  A.  M. 
4to.  18.   Dodliey. 

Mr.  Jago  it  well  known  from  fcTeral  poe- 
tical produdiont  which  haTe  been  favooia- 
Wj  received  by  the  publtCf  and  though  the 
pre:cot  piece  may  not  be  equal  to  Tome  of 
thofe  compofitiona  with  which  he  formerly 
obliEcd  the  worldt  it  neverthelefs  bean  many 
asarks  of  an  elegant  pen  and  a  happy  imagi- 
sation. 

VI.  Remarkt  en  tbe  Rev,  DoSior  Warner's 
Account  of  tbi  GoJt ;  xoberein  bis  De/eSs  in 
tbe  Cure  of  that  Difeaje  are  pointed  out  andfup* 
fUed. 

Dr.  Warner  did  not  profefi  to  give  a  cure, 
but  a  palliative  for  the  Gout— nor  it  the 
prefent  remarket  by  any  meant  able  to  fupply 
hit  deficiencies.  —  The  only  things  indoed 
for  which  be  feemt  conrpicuout  are  pertneft 
snd  prefomptiony  at  will  appear  iocooteftib^ 
evident  from  tbe  following  poftfcript  10  hit 
pretty  performance.  **  I  am  not  fond  of  over 
much  labour  and  writing  for  a  mouth,  I  leave 
to  wordy  men  who  wiite  iw  JubfUlenee*  My 
humour  is  brevity,  which  ihould  induce  the 
ftader  to  think,  when  ideas  are  crouded  in. 
finall  room.  In  this  fmall  tra£l  it  a  little 
food,  for  the  caballifl,  the  divine,  the  phy(i- 
cian,  the  philofbpher,  tbe  chemiA,  ajid,  I 
preTnme,  much  for  the  critics  s  Ail  are  wel- 
come to  point  their  arrows  at  me  :  They  may, 
for  their  own  credit  keep  their  eyes  open 
when  they  (hoot,  left,  '\i  they  wink,  through 
fear,  their  darti  fly  over  me  \  however,  if 
any  thing  here  w^nts  a  further  explication, 
thcferiousand  candid  mind  (hall  be  fully  fatif- 
ficd,  there  having  been  nothing  faid,  but 
wiiat  is  the  refult  of  experience.**— We 
would  remark  in  thit  place  upon  the  remark- 
€r,  but  that  he  feems  one  ^  thoie  fclt-^* 


ficient  animals  whom  an  exce(f  of  pride  hat 
happily  fcreened  from  the  fenfe  of  corredlon* 
—To  the  enjoyment  of  his  imsgin^ry  tii* 
nmph  therefore  over  Dr.  Warner  we  con- 
fign  hifh,  though  we  Cannot  help  lamenticf 
the  fate  of  departed  merit,  when  we  fee 
the  dull  aft  thui  infolently  kicking  at  the 
€cad  lion. 

VII.  The  prtjtnt  State  cf  the  Nation  9  Par» 
ticularty  with  KtfpeB  to  itt  Trade,  FtnanttSf 
&c,  addrtjjed  to  tbe  King  and  booh  Hoafes  of 
Pat  I f  amen  f.    48  pages,  at.  6d.     Aimon. 

This  is  a  fenfible,  well  written  ttz€t,  and 
deferves  the  ferioui  attention  of  the  illuftri- 
ous  orders  to  whom  it  it  addrcfled. — The  ju- 
dicious author  coniiders  the  general  nature  of 
our  trade  with  foreign  nations,  and  points 
out  very  dearlv  how  much  the  ballancc  ii 
either  in  onr  nvoor  or  againft  us. — In  the 
courfe  of  thefe  confiderationa  he  defcants  up- 
on the  date  of  our  (inancet^  and  inrrodocet 
the  following  reflediont,  which  we  think  too 
important  not  to  be  laid  before  our  readers.— 
'*  An  opinion  hat  too  long  prevailed,  that 
all  miniftert  are  alike,  aad  that  the  meafaret 
propofed  by  all  will  have  the  fame  tendency* 
Many  think  the  form  of  government  doC 
worth  contending  for,  and  very  little  attach- 
ment it  difcoverable  in  the  body  of  oor 
people  to  oor  excellent  conftitotioa.  Ko  re- 
verence for  tbe  cuftoms  or  opinions  of  our  ao- 
ceflort,  no  attachment  but  to  private  ioteret^ 
nor  any  seal  but  for  fel(iih  grati(icationt« 
Whilft  party  diftin£Hons  of  Whig  and  Tory, 
High  Church  and  I<ow  Church,  Court  and 
Country  fubfifted,  the  natsoo  wat  divided, 
and  each  (ide  held  an  opmion  for  which  they 
would  have  hazarded  every  things  for  both 
a^d  from  principle  i  If  tfiere  were  fome 
who  (ought  to  alter  the  conffitntion,  there 
were  many  others  who  would  have  fpilt  their 
blood  to  prelcrve  it  from  violation.  If  diviae 
hereoitary  right  had  its'  partisans,  there  were 
multitudes  to  (land  up  for  the  fuperior  (aoc« 
tity  of  a  title  founded  upon  an  t€t  of  parlia- 
ment, and  the  confent  of  a  free  people.  Bel 
the  abolition  of  party  naotes  feema  to  hav» 
deflpoyed  all  public  principles  among  the  peo« 
pie,  and  the  frequent  changes  of  minifters 
have  expofed  all  iott  of  men  to  the  public 
odium,  and  broke  all  bandt  of  compoft  or 
affociation,  has  left  the  people  but  few  ob^ 
jcdls  for  their  confidence.  The  power  of 
the  crown  wat,  indeed,  never  more  v  (ib!y 
e^enfive  over  the  great  men  of  the  natioaj 
but  then  tbe  great  men  have  loft  their  infiu- 
ence  over  the  lower  order  of  the  people} 
even  parliament  has  loft  much  of  itt  reve- 
rence, with  the  fubjeds  of  the  realm,  and  tbe 
voice  of  the  multitude  is  fet  up  againft  the 
fenfe  of  the  legiflature.  An  impoverilhed  and 
heavily- burthened  public!  A  declining  traik 
and  decieafiog  fpecic !  A  people  luxuriooa 
and  licentiouiy  impatient  of  role>  and  de%»- 
flog  all  authotity  !    Covcti^iBcat  t ckacd  in 

ewy 


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1768. 


Of    the    Natiok; 


every  fiaewy  and  'z  corrupt  fclfi/h  fptrit 
perradbg  the  whole!  The  flate  defiitute 
.  of  alliancet,  and  without  refj^ct  from 
foreiga  nations !  A  powerful  combina- 
tiooy  aiuuou8  for  an  occafion  fo  retrieve  their 
honour,  and  wrealc  their  vengeance  upon 
her!  If  fuch  be  the  circumftances  of  Great 
Briuin,  who^  that  loves  hit  king  or  bit 
country,  can  be  indifferent  about  public  mea* 
furcs  ^  Ii  it  of  no  importance  to  an  Englifh- 
man,  that  the  trade  and  manufaflures  of  the 
oatlon  are  going  to  ruin  $  that  Great  Britain 
is  ia  danger -of  becoming  a  tributary  to  France, 
and  the  defcent  of  the  crown  dependant  on 
the  good  pleafure  of  that  ambitious  nation  f 
U  it  of  no  importance  to  an  inhabitant  of 
Jrrlandy  that,  in  cafe  of  1  war,  that  ifland 
ihould  become  a  prey  to  Fiance,  and  Great 
Britain  un^tble  to  recover  it  by  force,  be 
compelled  to  cede  ir,  by  treaty,  to  purchafe 
peace  for  hetfcii  f  And^  is  it  of  no  impor- 
tance to  the  thriving  American  colonies^  that 
Great  Briuin,  finding  her  incapacity  to  de- 
fend hcifelf  and  prote^  them  alfo,  fhould  be 
obliged  to  contine  her  fleets  and  armies  to 
hex  own  coafts,  and  leave  thera  expofed  to 
the  ravages  of  a  domeftic,  or  the  con^ueft  of 
a  foreign  enemy  ?  and  can  it  be  a  matter  of 
indifference  to  any  lover  of  liberty  and  the 
Briti(h  confiituiioo  throughout  this  wide  ex- 
tending empire,  that  not  more  than  three 
years  fince  the  calamities  incident  to  a  long 
minority  in  foch  circumftances,  were  hang- 
ing over  the  nation  ? 

I  have  not  made  this  difplay  of  the  na- 
tion's difficulties  to  expofe  her  councils  to 
the  ridicule  of  other  Aates,  or  provoke  a 
vanquifhed  enemy  to  infult  her :  nor  have  I 
done  it  to  excite  the  people's  rage  againfl  their 
governors,  or  fink  them  into  defpondency 
of  the  public  welfare.  But  I  thought  fuch 
a  v.ew  of  the  condition  of  Great  Britain, 
might  be  a  means  of  calling  up  the  public 
attention  to  the  national  affairs,  and  enga- 
ging every  friend  to  his  king  and  country  to 
exert  his  beft  abilities  in  forming  and  fup- 
j>orting  fuch  a  fyf^em  of  meafures  as  might, 
in  their  ilfue,  place  Great  Britain  in  a  fitu- 
ation  of  fafety  and  dignity*  Her  cafe  is, 
thank  God>  far  from  defperate,  nor  are  her 
circamftancei  irretrievable.  I  trofl  it  is  in 
the  powct  of  the  king  and  parliament  to  con- 
cert meafures,  and  to  find  men.  capable  of 
carrying  them  into  execution  with  wifdom 
and  perfeverance,  that  perhaps,  in  the  courfe 
efthe  prefent  parliament,  will  render  the 
nation  both  happy  at  home  and  refpe^ed 
abroad,  formidable  in  war,  and  fiourifhing  in 
peace*  To  contribute  my  mite  to  the  public 
fervice,  I  fliall  now  proceed  to  point  out 
what,  in  my  poor  opinion,  can  and  ought  to 


555 

be  ^ooe  for  extricating  the  nation  oot  of  ita 
difficulties.  The  plan  has,  indeed,  been  al. 
ready  formed,  and  the  outline  drawn  by  the 
adminiflration  of  1764./  I  (hall  only  attempt 
to  fill  up  the  void  of  obliterated  parts,  and 
trace  its  operation* 

The  (landing^  expence  of  the  prercot  peace 
eftabhfhment  of  1764,  improved  by  the  ex- 
perience of  the  two  lafl  years^  may  be  thua 
«ftimated  s 

^' 

wavy  —  — .       1500000 

Army,  ezelofive  of  extraordinariei  1268500 
Ordnance,  exdufiveofeftUaordinaiies  1 69600 


Militia 
Four  American  gov. 
Senegambia         «• 
African  committee 
Foundling  Hofpital 
Surveys  in  America 


Deficiency  of  land  and  malt  (mi-  7 
Hiia  taken  out)  ^ 

Deficiency  of  annuity  fund 
Bxtras  of  army  and  ordnance 


— •  1 00000 


S950* 
250000 

455^' 


75000 


34C8161 
The  fum  allowed  in  this  eflimate  for  the 
navy,  is  69321I.  Icfs  than  the  grant  for  that 
fervice  in  1767  j  but  in  that  grant  30000I. 
was  included  for  the  purchafe  of  hemp  (o 
xeplenifh  the  magazine,  and  a  faving  of  about 
25000 1.  was  made  in  that  year.  The  al- 
lowance for  the  army  and  ordnance,  exdu- 
iive  of  extraordlnaries,  is  the  lame  as  hat. 
been  granted  in  the  two  U(t  years ;  h^t  the 
allowance  for  extraordinariea  is  much  lefa 
than  has  been  demandad  in  either,  and  yet 
it  has  been  fliewn  in  the  Confiderations,  Sec* 
that  confiderable  diminution  of  even  the 
fum  here  ftated  for  thofe  fervices  might  be 
expe^ed.  The  fum  allowed  for  the  deficien* 
cy  in  the  land  and  ma|t  tax,  it  is  to  be 
hoped,  would  alfo'  be  found  too  large,  aa 
the  deficiency  of  the  land  tax  in  the  yean 
1754  and  1755.  when  it  waa  at  two  ihiilingv, 
amounted  to  no  more,  on  a  medium^  than 
49372I.  to  which,  if  we  add  half  the  fum,  it 
will  give  us  7ZO58I.  as  the  peace  deficiency  at 
three  ihillings.  The  deficiency  of  the  malt 
tax  muft  be  computed  on  a  medium  for  a 
greater  number  of  years,  as  its  produce  is 
cafual,  and,  therefore,  taking  its  deficienctes 
in  the  feven  years  of  peace^  immediately 
precedmgthe  laf^  war^  the  medium  will  be 
no  more  than  133018I.  which  being  added 
to  the  deficiency  of  the  land  tax,  makes  on- 
212076].  the  fum  to  be  allowea  for  the  defi- 
ciency of  both,  which  is  37924I.  under  the 
allowance  in  the  above  eflimate  *.  The  fum 
uf  20000I.  given  to  the  Foundling  Hofpital, 


•  Tbi  dtficitncy  of  ihtje  fundi  muji  ahways  bt  great  ir  in  time  of  ^oar  than  in  tim$  offtacty 
iiUt^e  (be  wtgacf  h  tbtn  mprt  immedi$teij  wenstd,  and  ibt  rate  ^f  merefi  it  bigber, 

4  A  X  an4 


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55^ 


rhe  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


oa. 


>nd  iSool.  for  the  AxnericBD  furveyi  muft 
loon  ce&{(£  to  be  necHary,  as  the  fcrvices 
will  be  completed.  Ou  all  thefe  accounts  we 
ypay  fuvcly  ventuie  to  re<hice  the  ftandinf^ex 
peicei  of  the  eiUmate  to  3300000 1,  of  which 
upwards  oi  3QOOC0I.  will  be  fur  the  pUhtJ* 
tion  (t  nct\  and  that  luoiy  I  hope,  the  peo- 
ple of  Ireland  and  the  colonies  mi^ht  be  in- 
duced to  take  ofi  Great- Britain,  and  ititij 
between  them,  ii  the  proportion  of  200000I. 
by  the  colonics,  and  loooool.  by  Ireland. 

VIII.  tbt  Farmer' i  Son  of  Kent,  s  ?olf, 
liiTio.  5s.    Noble. 

The  Farmer's  Son  of  Kent  is  one  of  thofe 
performances,  which,  it  it  does  not  ronfe  the 
attention,  at  lead  keeps  it  faft  afleep  j  fuch 
of  our  riad^r*  therefore,  as  have  occafion  for 
an  opiare,  would  do  well  to  purchafe  the  pre- 
Jent  article,  which  will  be  to  the  full  as  ef- 
fe^ualt  >t  the  fame  time  that  it  will  be  much 
snore  fafe  than  any  foporiiic  in  the  ihops  of 
our  mod  celebrated  apothecaries. 

IX.  Tbi  Royal  Garland^  an  occafiotial  Inter' 
lude  in  Honour  of  bit  D«ni(h  Maj'Jiy»  -  Sgt  to 
Mujk  hy  Mr.  Arnold,  and  ferformed  at  tbt 
Theatre  Royal.  Cprent-Garden.  8vo.  6d.  fiec- 
ket, 

A  poetical  whipt-fyllaVub,  coiqpofed  of  the 
Genius  of  England,  the  mufc  Calliope,  and 
a  few  ifaephcrds  and  ihepherdeiTes.— They  ^rt 
all  extremely  lejolced  at  the  honour  which  hit 
Pantfh  majeAy  has  cctiferred  upon  this  king- 
dom in  h>s  vif^t  to  it ,  and  softer  wifhing  him 
9  profperous  voyage  to  hi>  own  country,  they 
conclude  the  piece  with  a  garland  4Ance.— 
This  interlude^  if  we  mift^ke  not,  was 
twic«  reprefented,  but  with  no  eatraotdi- 
nary  jhare  of  approbation;  whether  the 
little  fuccefs  which  attended  it,  wu  ow* 
ing  to  the  little  merit  of  the  poer,  the  cora- 
pofer,  or  the  perforpiers,  is  a  circumftance  in 
which  wc  cannot  give  any  information  to  the 
public. 


X.  Tbt  aftaing  BiJSry  of  tvfo  jemmg  C«. 
tltwomen^  Hobo  tvere  ruined  by  their  txtrgm 
Attachvunti  to  the  Amufementt  ef  tbe  7vb?. 
7o  ^bicb  are  added  many  praffical  N»tes.  By 
Dr,  Typo,  P.  T.  M.    i»mo.  11.  Bingley. 

This  Hiflory  is  a  despicable  attempt  teis- 
pofc  upon  the  pubhc :  one  of  the  ftoriei  whick 
are  advertifed  here  as  a  new  work,  is  fyliabk 
for  fyllable,  blunders  only  excepted,  Tlhe  Fa- 

TAL     l.NDirrERENCEi.    #•,    ibs  Hlfivry    ^ 

ilfrf.  Matilda  Markuam,  which  firi 
•ppcared  in  our  Magjzine  Xen  lad  Aogod^ 
and  has  fincc  been  tal:en  into  almoft  etery 
periodical  publication  of  the  thrre  kingdoms. 
— The  other  ftory  is  a  dull  narraUTC  of  occ 
Mrs,  Ayfcough,  and  the  notes  are  the  exe- 
•  crable  effufion  of  tabernacle  enthofialbi  joined 
wifh  genu'ne  ftupidity, 

XI.  ^ofwy  inconjiftent  with  the  Rights  ef 
Men  in  genera/,  and  ef  Engliflimea  r»  pmrtkm- 
hr,  A  Sermon  preached  at  ChaHoCte-lireeC* 
Chappcl.  By  W.  Dodd,  L.L.  D.  a>apUin  tm 
ordinary  to  bis  Majefy,  8?o.  od.    Fadeo. 

This  is  a  very  fenfible  difcour'e^  and  Aooli 
be  read  not  only  by  every  friend  to  rcligioo» 
but  by  every  lover  of  liberty.    . 

XII.  A  Letter  to  William  BeekfoH,  £/k 
Member  of  Parliament  fhr  the  Gty  of  Loodao, 
8vo.  6d.  Bingley. 

An  appeal  in  behalf  of  the  roa/EMv«rt,  wImi 
are  here  faid  to  be  intollerably  oppreOed  by 
the  coal-undtrtakerf,  with  a  requeft  that  Mr, 
Beckford  will  take  fome  nieafures  for  the  re- 
lief of  the  former,  in  the  great  cooucil  of  the 
kingdom. 

XIII.  Ex^erimtntal  EJfays  em  the  exttnj 
Afflicat'on  of  Antijepticx  in  pmtrid  Diftafo-m 
On  the  Dvjet  and  Efieat  of  M^dicineu^Om  Di- 
uretics and  Sudorijics.  By  WiUJani  Alexander 
Surgeon,  3s.  6i.  Dilly.  , 

This  is  an  ingenious  Work— the  esrperf- 
raents  feem  to  be  made  wich  great  can,  as4 
related  with  great  veracity. 


THE   MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


WlDHESDAY,     Sept.  ftS. 

V(5^WLDERMEN    HalUfax    and 
Q-'^^^S  Shakefpearc,  the  fheriffs  cleft, 
^J    A    {J     ^^^^  fworn  in  at  Guildhall. 
)5^  fit    The  king  of  Denmark,    was 

^■^^W  P'«^cnt  at  the  launching  of  a 
a^SL  Jtt«^  new  60  gun  (hip,  at  Woolwich, 
whjch  was  named  in  honour  of  his  majefly, 
the  King  of  Denmark.  H  j  afterwards  view- 
ed the  Warren,  Decks,  &c.  (See  p.  498.) 
THoasPAY,  29. 

Sir  Francis  Gofling  and  Sir  Henry  Banks 
heviag  declined  that  ofHce  on  account  of 
their  bad  flatc  of  healih,  Samurl  Turner, 
^I'q;  alderman,  was  elcftcd  lof^  mayor  of 
this  city  for  the  enfuing  year. 
i^RiDAY,  30, 

The  prlncefs- dowager  of  Wales  gave  a 
3 


fplendid  fupper  ant)  ball  to  the  king  of  Den- 
mark, Sec,  at  Carleton-houfe. 
^  The  king  of  Denmark  magnificently  en- 
tertained the    lord  mayor,    members  for  tJ^ 
city,  &c,  at  St.  James*s. 

SATUaOAY,  0£l.    I. 
The  king  of  Denmark  went  to  Gr^nwic^ 
Tiewed  the  hofpital,    park,   ice.     He   thai 
iofpc^ed  the  Royal  Obfervatory, 
MONOAY,   3» 
The  king  of  Denmark  gave  a  grand  mas- 
querade ball,  dec.  to  the  nobility  and  geotry, 
at  the  king's  theatre  in   the  Haymarkct,  of 
which  fee  an  acconnt  p.  547. 
Wednesday,  5. 
His  Pani/h  majtfty,    with  his  foite^    &c. 
fet  out  for  Newmarket,     He  retoraed  in  tvpo 
or  three  days  to  St.  James*St 


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1768.         The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.         557 


TnUKIDATy   6. 

The  duke  of  Cumberland  arrived  at  court 
from  the  Mediterranean. 

A  houfe  was  coofuoaed  by  6re  in  Wide- 
gate-Alley,  BiAop'«-gatc  ftrect. 
Satukday>  8. 

The  Horfe  Grenadleri,  on  foot,  and  the 
grenadieta  of  the  thiee  regimen ti  of  foot 
guftrdi  were  reviewed  on  Wimbleton  common 
by  bit  majefty,  the  king  of  Denmark,  the 
duket  of  Gloucelter  and  Cumberland,  Earl 
jLigodier,  the  mar  quit  of  Granby,  &c.  &c. 
Monday,  io. 

At  a  court  of  cofnoion-council,  it  was  re- 
Iblved  to  prefent  the  freedom  of  London  to 
the  king  of  Denma-k,  in  a  gold  box  of  200 
guineas  value.  [Hit  majefty  received  the  ho- 
noar  very  gracioufly,  and  ordered  the  freedom 
to  be  delivered  to  his  ambalTador  hcrey  to  b« 
tranfmitted  to  Copenhagen.] 
Tuesday,   11. 

The  univcrfity  of  Cimbrit^ge,  by  Drs, 
Wetherell  and  Durell,  prefented  to  his  Da- 
nifli  majefty  the  diploma  of  the  degree  of 
LL.  D,  which  his  majefty  received  very  gra- 
cioufly. 

Wednesday,  ii. 

Robert  Pacerfon,  alias  Wright,  Jsroet 
Mace,  Richard  Holt,  Hannah  Smith,  and 
Kichard  Slocombe  (fee  p.  497O  were  execut- 
ed at  Tyburn.  V 

The  company  of  Goidfmiths  refolved  to 
prefent  his  Danilh  majefty  with  the  freedom 
of  their  company  in  a  gold  box  of  the  value 
ofi5ol« 

Thursday,  13. 

His  Danifli  majefty  fet  out  ^om  St.  James*t 
for  Dover,  to  embark  for  France.  In  his 
way  he  vifited  Chatham-yard  and  docks,  the 
city  of  Rochefier,  and  at  night  arrived  atDo- 
Tcr,  where  he  viewed  the  caftle,  &c,  and  on 
the  next  day  embarked  on  board  the  yatcht 
which  failed  immediitely  for  Calais,  where 
lie  fafely  arrived  in  the  evening  of  the  fame 
day. 

Tuxsday,  18. 

An  hoole  was  confumed  by  fire,  in  Devon^ 
ibire  flreet,  Red-Lion-S^urte,  and  fome  others 
damaged. 

Friday,  at'* 

Ended  the  feflions  at  the  Old  Bailey,  when 
John  Davi8|  John  Urquhart,  Robert/Singer, 
Patrick  Hanloo,  William  Miller,  John  Par- 
iingham,  for  feveral  robberies,  Edward  Wil- 
liams for  returning  from  trarif porta tion,  and 
John  M*C)oud  for  the  murder  of  Mr.  Stod- 
dart,  keeper  of  3ri(^eweli,  received  fentence 
of  death  s  Two  were  fcnteneed  to  tranfporta- 
fion  for  fourteen  yean,  fwenty-three  for  ft' 
\en  years,  and  two  to  be  whipped. 
Saturday,  aa. 

Part  of  an  houfe  was  ponfumed  by  fire  in 
Chape)  Street,    Soho :  Alfo  the  Turpentine 
hoQfe,  at  the  end  of  GofWell  Street, 
Monday,  14, 

^ohQ  Nf<Cloud  for  the  murder  of  John 


Stoddart,'  was  executed  at  Tyburn,  behaving 
with  great  penitence  and  decency.  His  body 
was  afterwards  carried  to  Surgeons-hall,  and 
difleded  according  to  his  fentence* 

Four  or  five  perlbni  have  been  killed  bf 
the  fall  of  a  houfe  in  Great-Elbow- Lane  : 
And  five  new  houfes«  which  were  to  have 
been  fold  by  au^on  the  next  day,  fell  down 
at  BethnaUgreen. 

Addrefles  have  been  prefented  to  the  king 
from  the  Bermuda  iflands,  and  the  iflind  <^ 
Tobago,  and  gracioufly  received* 

Major  Weddel  was  laUly  killed,  and  feve- 
ral other  perfons  bruifed  by  the  overturning 
of  the  York,  ftage-coach. 

Edward  Robartes,  a  bankrupt  is  committed 
to  Newgate,  on  fufpicion  of  concealiAg  hit 
eflrcfts. 

At  Wifl>ech  affixes  two  malefa^ors  were 
conYi£ied,  one  of  v>rhich  was  reprieved. 

Great  damage  has  been  done  on  the  coaft 
of  SuflTex  by  the  late  flormy  weather. 

'  Stephen  Ketbcarfide  bailiflf  of  Ockswell- 
farm,  Berks,  has  been  found  barbarooilf 
murdered,  and  robbed,  by  perfons  unknown. 

A  farmer's  wife  at  Colney- hatch  eating  a 
pear,  with  a  wafp  in  it,  was  ftung  to  death. 

Great  damage  has  been  fuflained  in  many 
parts  of  Kent  by  rains  and  inundations. 

By  the  premiums  given  by  fome  public- 
fplrited  gentlemen,  for  bringing  herrings  to 
Billingfgate,  the  poor  have  been,  and  are 
likely  to  he,  greatly  benefitted,— Potatoes 
have  hcen  fold  in  Spittle  fields  market  at 
32 1.  for  6d. 

Lime,  we  are  informed,  ftrewed  over  the 
field  in  the  night,  at  fifteen  bufliels  per  acre, 
is  a  prelervative  againft  flogs,  fo  very  deftruc- 
tive  to  young  corn,  that  being  the  time  of 
their  feeding. 

In  Bamflf&ire,  Scotland,  the  late  floodi 
have  done  inexpicfiible  damage,  bridges  have 
been  carried  away,  mills,  dams,  haoghs,  &c. 
fwept  before  the  waves,  cattle,  fliecp,  &c. 
drowned, ,  and  indeed  all  parts  of  the  North 
of  Scotland  have  fuflfered  incredibly.  At 
Aochlown,  in  the  Parifh  of  Foverao,  on 
Sept.  io<  an  uncommon  phznomenon  was 
obferved  :  A  rent,  or  crack,  was  perceived  in 
the  ground,  in  form  of  a  femi  circle,  100 
paces  in  length.  The  place  is  fltuated  be- 
tween two  rifing  grounds,  and  a  rivulet^ 
which  formerly  ran  that  way,  has  fince  loft 
jtfelf  in  the  cavity. 

A  large  elm- tree,  at  Providence,  New- 
England,  has  been  confecrated  to  LiSirtyp 
with  great  ceremony,  by  the  inhabitants. 

The  merchants  and  traders  of  New- York 
on  Aug.  27.  come  to  much  the  fame  refo* 
lutions  as  thofe  of  Boflon,     (See  p.  <4i.) 

A  Brigantioe  pirate  late  a  S>panifli-Guarda- 
pofta  of  16  guns,  belonging  to  Cuba,  has  ap- 
peared off  the  Bahamas,  and  taken  feveral 
vcfl"els. 

Certain  advices  have  been  received  from 
the  £aa- Indies,   th^t  a  tteaty  of  peace  haa 

beep 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


558 

been  concluded  with  the  Subah  of  the  Decnst 
^hich  will  efr<:£Kully  fecure  the  compafiy's 
foStSMnt  in  thofe  pant. 
ExtraQ  cf  a  Ltttcr  from  Dunkirk,  Sept.  xo« 
«*  Laft  Friday  died,  io  an  advanced  age. 
Colonel  Deffnarets,  who  had  refided  at  thif 
port,  at  firft  commiflary  of  the  court  of  Eng- 
hnd,  ever  fince  the  lail  peace.  He  entered 
imo  the  Snglifh  fervice  in  the  year  1709,  and 
luviog  lerved  during  the  remainder  of  that 
war  under  the  duke  of  Mailborough,  he  was 
employed  io  furveylng  the  wojrks  of  this 
place  after  the  peace  of  Utrecht,  in  17 13* 
The  colonel  was  a  perfon  of  great  emineace 
in  \m  profe0k>n  of  engineer,  and  fecond  to 
none  in  the  moft  Mnbiaifed  integrity.  Though 
fteady  to  the  truft  repofed  in  bim,  he  always 
behaved  with  fo  much  temper  and  prudence, 
«•  t«j  gain  the  efleem  and  aflv^ion  even  of 
thofe  whofe  defigos  he  wa  obliged  to  coun* 
leraa.** 


BfLLt   of   Mortality    from   April    %%    to 
Aogaft  ft3« 

CmlSTKNBD.  BURIID. 

Males     1678  7  ,^,,  I  Malos      3627  7  _.  g^ 

Femaki  %m  i  ^^^  I  females  J417  i  ^'^^ 

Whereof  have  died. 


Bills  of  Mortality,  Sc 


oa. 


Under  2  Yeari 
Betw;  X  and  5 
5  and  10 
so  and  zo 
90  and  30   •— 
30  and.  40  — 
40  and  50    — 
50  and  60    — 
^  and  70    •— 
70  and  80  -~ 
So  and  90  -^- 
90  and  100  — 
100  and  upwards 


»C98 
841 

—  339 

—  263 

—  588 

—  5«9 

—  574 

—  437 

—  404 
279 
130 

18 


Within  theWalls  431 
Witbo.  the  Walls  20x9 
Mid.  and  Surry  3 1 50 
City  &  Sub. Weft  165* 

706* 


7062 


Weekly, 


May'  3. 
10. 

17. 
24. 

Jane  7. 
M. 
fti. 
28. 
July  5. 
I2. 
19. 


<34 
399 

426 

439 
398 

454 
446 

38J 
469 
402 
401 


26.  333 

Aug.  2.  326 

9.  462 

16.  389 

23^00 

706  a 


Wheiten  Peck  loaf,  wt.  17  lb.  6  oz.  2s.  7d. 

FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 

CONSTANTINOPLE,  Sept.  7.  Mhuaun 
Ogly  Mehemet  P4cha  was  lemoved 
from  the  poft  of  Grand  Vizir  the  day\efore 
yeAerday  |  and  Mehemet  Emio  Nidfrhangi 
Pacfu  is  dedaired  Caioucan,  to  do  the  biiii- 


nefs  of  that  office,  till  the  arrival  of  Selidhi 
Hamzey  Pacha,  who  is  lent  f.^  by  the  grand 
iignor  to  be  appointed  grand  vizir. 

The  depofed  grand  vizir  was  confined  la 
one  of  the  kiofes  of  the  i^raglio,  and  was 
yefterday  put  on  board  a  galley  in  order  to  be 
ieot  to  Tcnedos,  where  he  is  to  remain  till 
lurthcr  orders. 

Peter/burgh,  AuguA  23.  The  day  before 
yefterday  Lo:d  Catbcatt,  the  Britiik  ambaifa- 
dor  had  a  formal  audience  of  her  innperi>4 
roajefty,  when  he  delivereed  to  her  his  oe> 
dential  letters. 

The  day  atcer  the  arrival  of  the  above  as* 
baflador  Count  CzernicKew,  vefted  wirh  the 
fame  character  to  the  king  of  Great- BritaiQ 
by  her  imperial  m^jeftyf  fee  out  for  the  place 
of  his  deftination. 

Warfawy  Sept.  24.  Of  all  the  unhappy 
events  that  fo  rapidly  fuccecd  each  othcry 
none  is  more  alarming  than  the  two  confede- 
racies that  are  formed  in  Lithuania.  The 
number  and  quality  of  thofe  concerned  ia 
them  render  them  fbrmid^ble.  Prince  Chaiks 
of  Jladzivil  not  being  able  with  his  utiaoft 
endeavours  to  prevent  their  exigence,  has 
aflembled  together  atl  the  troops  in  his  pay, 
to  prevent  their  being  drawn  away  by  the 
contederatei,  which  might  have  happened  if 
they  had  been  difperfed  m  different  parti.  He 
has  informed  the  king  and  prince  Repain  of 
what  he  has  dose,  And  ^efired  to  know  how 
he  ihall  employ  thofe  troops.  On  the  other 
hand,  we  do  not  hear  that  the  abovementioa* 
ed  confederates  have  undertaken  an^  thing  of 
confequcnce. 

Dan:zic>  Sept«  26.  The  troubles  which 
have  defolated  moft  of  the  other  provinces 
of  the  kingdom,  have  at  length  reached  our*s. 
No  contedetacy  indeed  has  yet  been  formed  { 
but  we  hear  that  a  tioop  of  horfemen,  about 
530  in  number,  have  appeared  between 
Thorn  and  Grau^irntz ;  and  that  they  have 
unlttaded  feveral.corn  veffeli  on  the  Viftula} 
and  (hat  they  have  required  feveral  viU«|CS 
refpe^evely  to  furniib  them  an  armed  mas 
and  100  florins  in  money.  | 

Warfaw,  Od.  1 .  The  dieline  of  Warfaw, 
and  four  or  five  other  dietiness  have  eleded 
the^r  deputies.     (See  p.  504.) 

According  to  fume  advices  from  Conftai* 
tinople,    war  it  to  be  declared  againft  Rufia 
as  foon  as  the  new  Vizir  arrives  from  Nat»*^ 
lia  ;  but  according  to  othas,  the  porte  has  no 
fuch  intention. 

Warf^w,  oa.  5.  The  mixed  tribunal,  ef- 
tablilhed  by  the  laft  diet,  to  redrcTs  the  grie- 
vaocus  of  catholics  and  diftidents,  was  opened 
on  the  ift  in0.  As  foon  as  the  judges  were 
fworn,  they  chofe  M.  Dzierbicki  for  their 
pieftdent. 

1-ifteen  dietines  have  now  been  held,  aad 
we  begin  to  hope  that  the  diet  will  meet  at 
the  time  appointed. 

Cologh,  Sept.  9.  According  to  an  cd^ 
lately  iAcd  by  the  anptior^  the  fcveral  !•• 

vcnuncaa 


Digitized  by  Google 


*7^8- 


FOREIGN 


-▼ernmeoti  of  Germsuiy  tre  required  not  to 
permit  my  of  tbeir  fubjefts  to  leave  the  em- 
pircy  or  even  difpofeof  their  effects,  if  an  in- 
tention of  departure  it  to  be  fufpe£led.  The 
Inlifting  of  recruits  for  foreign  (crvice  it  par- 
ticularly forbidden. 

Hanau,  Sept.  15.  Yeflcrday  the  princefi 
royal  of  Denmark,  confort  of  the  hereditary 
prince*  wai  happily  delivered  of  a  priocefi. 

Orefdcn.  Sept.  17.  Ycfterday  the  admi- 
niftrator  renounced  the  regency  of  thii  ftate, 
in  favour  of  his  nephew  the  ele£lor,  ^  who 
this  day  takes  the  reins  of  government  as 
duke  of  Saxony.  As  for  what  regards  the 
'^flfairt  of  the  empire,  that  muft  ftill  be  tran- 
la£^ed  by  the  prince  adciiniflrator,  until  the 
elc^or  has  attained  his  i8th.  year,  which 
will  not  be  till  the  23d  of  December,  when 
he  will  be  declared  of  age,  according  to  the 
confiitution  of  the  Golden  Bull. 

Vienna,  Sept,  21.  We  have  the  pleafure 
to  learn,  that  the  inoculation  of  the  Arch- 
^ucheft  Therefe,  and  th.;  Archdukes  Ferdi- 
aiand  and  Maximilian,  fucresds  perfectly 
well.  The  fmall-pox  is  of  the  moft  favour- 
able kind,  and  fo  flight,  that  tho*  this  is  the 
fourth  day  of  the  eruption,  they  walked  this 
morning  in  the  garden  of  Schonbrun. 

R.ome,  Sept.  5.  Cardinal  Rezzonico  has 
thi%  day  informed  the  pope  his  uncle,  that 
fhj  minifter  plenipoteniiary  of  the  court  of 
Naplea  has  declared  to  the  facred  college, 
♦«  '  That  in  two  months  the  king  his  raafler 
will  fend  commiffaries,  fupported  by  troops, 
to  retake  pofTeifion  of  the  dutchies  of  Caftro 
and  Koociglione,  which  he  conliders  as  ille- 
gally difmembered  from  his  dominions.** 
This  news  is  certain,  and  the  pope  is  greatly 
affl.€ked  at  it.  Cardinal  Torreggiani,  whom 
the  public  look  upon  at  the  author  of  moft 
of  oar  misforunes,  has  refolved  at  length  not 
trouble  himfelf  any  more  with  politicks,  and 
it*a  faid  the  pope  has  permitted  him  to  retire. 

£xtraff  of  a  Lttttrfrcm  Corfica.  Sept.   14. 

«  The  count  de  Marberuf,  after  taking 
tbe  convent  near  Bigugtia,  met  at  the  attack 
«f  the  laft  mentioned  place  a  refiftance,  which 
coll  him  a  number  of  people  in  killed  and 
wounded;  but  the  inhabitants  haTing  refufed 
to  fapport  the  garrifon  longer,  the  latter  re- 
tired io  good  order  %vithout  lofing  a  man. 

The  French,  after  the  taking  of  Biguglta, 
pofleflTed  themfelves  of  t  height  which  com- 
aaanded  Furiaoi,  where  they  erefted  a  bat- 
tery of  twenty  four  cannon  and  forfie  mortars. 
The  garrifon  confideriog  that  the  works  of 
the  cafUe  could  not  hoid  oat  agaioft  all  thit 
aitUlery  informed  Paoli  inftantly  of  it,  who 
prdeted  them  to  retire,  which  they  did  with- 
out any  lo(s. 

Theie  fuccefles  indoced  the  marquis  de 
Chaovelin  to  avail  himfelf  ot  the  terror  he 
had  fpready  and  to  endeavour  by  gentlenefs  to 
engage  the  reft  of  the  inhabiunta  to  fubmit ; 
bast  finding  them  iofleuble  he  took  poircHion 
oi  Uic  nllagei  of  Borgo  aad  Luciana  j    ajid 


A  F  F  A  I  R  S.         559 

pafling  the  Gnolo,  the  French  Invaded  the 
pieve  of  Ctfioca,  and  puflied  on  as  far  at  La 
Penta.  The  Corficans,  who  waited  them 
there,  no  fooner  faw  them  within  muftet 
ihot,  than  they  fell  upon  them  with  ib  moch 
bravery,  and  in  fuch  numbers,  that  tkcy 
covid  not  ftand  the  atuck.  They  abandoned 
their  camp,  therefore,  and  retired  with  the 
greateft  piecipitation.  The  Corflcans  with- 
out giving  them  a  moment's  refpite,  porfoedy 
driving  them  befcure  them  in  fuch  good  order« 
that  tkey  were  not  able  to  find  refuge  even  in 
the  placet  they  hadtakeA,  the  Coriieant  en- 
tering in  along  with  thtm  pellmell,  and  put 
all  to  the  fword  who  could  not  get  out  of  thcia 
way.  This  purfuit  lafted  to  the  very  walls «f 
B^ftia,  and  the  lofs  of  the  French  is  ineredi- 
ble.  About  2CO  of  them  were  made  pri(btiers» 
among  whom  are  fifteen  flaff-officers,  ani 
the  marquis  de  Chauvelin*t  own  nephew* 
The  Corlicjns  know  not  rightly  their  k>fs; 
but  Turiani  aad  the  other  pofts,  which  had 
been  taken  from  them,  are  again  in  these 
power." 

Extraff  of  Letter  from  Corfica,  Sept.  ft^« 

'*  in  the  firft  ardour,  our  advantages  weie 
a  little  exaggerated  3  but,  as  we  mean  not  to 
impofe  on  the  public,  we  are  glad  to  recti- 
fy any  mifreprefentationt,  as  ibon  at  we  arc 
better  informed.  The  foUowing  is  an  exatit 
detail  of  what  hat  happened  on  the  fide  of 
Cafinca.  '  • 

As  foon  as  tbe  French  had  taken  Foriani 
and  Oiguglia,  General  Paoli  learnt  that  colo- 
nel Buttafuoco  had  engsged  a  good  number  of 
the  inhabitants  of  the  province  of  Cafioca  to 
fubmit  to  the  French ;  upon  which  he  with- 
drew his  troops  from  the  province  of  Nebbia^ 
and  pofted  them  at  Bebito.  The  Sieur  Cle- 
ment Paoli,  brother  to  ,the  general,  wli# 
occupied  Loreito,  was  in  the  mean  time 
forced  by  |the  inhabitantt  to  qttit  that  places 
and  retired  to  St.  Antoine  de  la  Cafabiaaca* 
Thefe 'unlucky  events,  however,  difcouraged 
not  the  Corficans  j  General  GafForio  renaatn- 
ed  with  a  detachment  at  Benito  i  and  the 
other  troops  aflTembled  at  Roftino,  where  all 
tbe  inhabitants  of  the  neighbouring  diftxi^ 
united  who  were  able  to  bear  arms. 

On  the  1  ith  in  the  morning  we  began  to 
march  to  the  enemy*  Penta,  one  of  the 
itrongeft  placet  in  the  ifiand,  wat  the  firft  at- 
tacked. Our  troops  carried  it  by  aiTaolt,  and 
made  prifoners  there  three  officcrt  and  eighty 
fbldiers.  The  French,  whofe  parties  fp^ead 
in  thole  qoartert,  might  amount  to  about 
two  tboufand  men,^  not  finding  themfelvaa 
able  to  make  bead  againft  the  Corficans,  re- 
tired to  Vinsolafco,  Lorecto,  and  Vefcovato* 
Cap.  Salicetti  furprized  them  in  the  night  Qf 
the  joth,  in  the  latter  place,  and  had  even 
taken  poffefilion  of  feveral  houiet,  when  a 
wound  which  he  received  by  a  muflcet  (bot^ 
obliged  him  to  retire.  The  Sieur  Clfmeng 
PaoU  penetrated  alfo  the  fame  night  into  Ld» 


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'5^ 


FOREIGN 


scuo  ;  bot  hit  ttoopt  not  lifteoing  to  the  oi- 
pituUdon  propofed  by  the  French*  and  be- 
giiinios  to  fet  fire  to  fome  houfes  into  which 
htej  had  retired»  the  inhabitant!  cook  the 
part  of  the  French,  and  defended  them  def- 
perately}  infooiuch  that  P^oli,  who  began 
to  want  ammonitfon,  found  himfclf  obliged 
CO  relinquiib  his  poflitfijon. 

On  the  1 8th  it  waa  refolvcd,  in  a  council 
«f  war,  to  force  the  French  -co  evacuate  the 
province  of  Cafinca  s  confequeotiy,  ourtr6opt 
maKhed  that  day  towards  Occagnano  i  but 
the  French  forefeeiag  our  defign,  abandoned 
Vin«olafco,  Loretto,  and  Vefcovato,  and 
leaving  behind  them  four  pieces  of  aruUery, 
letired  towards  the  Guolo,  iu  order  to  pafa 
it.  The  Sieur  Clement  Paoli»  who  h«d  the 
precaution  with  too  men  to  ieixe  on  the 
bridge  del  Lago  Benedetto,  incommoded  them 
greatly  in  their  retreat.  Some  men  were  loft 
on  each  fide  ^  but  the  French  having  at  length 
pafled  the  river»  reanired  at  BorgOy  where 
they  have  kft  a  prrilon  of  600  men.  The 
CorOcans  did  not  immediately  purfue  them» 
but  have  fince  marched  towards  that  place, 
which  they  now  hold  blocked  up. 

It  is  faid  that  the  French  have  propofed 
a  fufpenfion  of  arms,  and  that  it  has  been 
refufed.  Be  that  as  it  may,  it  is  certain 
that  th^  hate  pofted  a  corps  at  St.  Marie 
del  Orto,  about  half  way  between  Biguglia 
and  Furiani,  to  preferw  thofc  two  places, 
which  have  not  been  ctacuaud,  as  was  re- 
ported. 

Thus  have  things  turned  out  on  the  fide  of 
Cafmca;  An  account  of  the  operations  on 
the  fide  of  Nebbio,  where  General  Paoli  has 
aded  in  perfon  sgainft  the  French,  we  are 
waiting  for  with  the  utmoft  impatience.**  (See 

P-494.) 

Madrid,  Sept.  17.  On  the  19th  inf^ant  as  ' 
the  king  wu  imufing  himfclf  with  fiiliiog, 
cne  of  his  feet  flipped,  and  in  endeavouring 
to  fave  himfelf  on  the  other  his  majedy  dido- 
cated  his  knee.  The  furgeons  looked  upon  it 
at  firft  as  ooly  a  fprain,  but  the  king  has  fince 
been  in  great  patn,  and  obliged  to  keep  his 
bed.  A  tumour  afterwsrdi  appeared  pn  the 
part,  and  his  majefiy  is  now  much  better. 
Extraa  cfa  Letter  frtm  Verfcillcs,  Sept.  14. 

**  The  pnblic,  both  in  France  and  other 
countries,  have  hitherto  been  at  a  lofs  to  ac- 
count for  the  motive  of  the  king^  fending 
bis  troop!  to  take  polTeflion  of  Corfica.  The 
following  edid,  which  his  majefty  has 
thought  proper  to  publifli  upon  this  occafion, 
will  ezplalin  the  afl^air; 

Louis,  by  the  grace  of  God,  king  of  France 
and  Navarre,  to  all  to  whom  thete  prcfenU 
Ihall  come  greeting. 

The  ferene  republic  of  GGooa  having  en- 


A  F  F  A  r  R  5; 

tnifted  in  our  hands,  by  a  voluntarjr  CcflSofi, 
the  righu  of  foveresgniy  which  ihe  poiTcfled 
over  Che  kingdom  of  Corlica,  and  having  de- 
livered to  our  troops  the  places  which  (h< 
Genoefe  occupied  in  that  ifland,  we  have 
Uken  charge  of  the  government  and  indepen- 
dent fwvcreignty  of  the  kingdom  of  Corfica  j 
and  that  the  more  willingly,  as  wc  hope  ca 
eiiercife  it  merely  for  the  good  of  the  pcopW 
of  that  ifland,  our  new  fubjc^. 

Our  intention  is  to  grant  to  the  Corficaa 
naiion  all  the  advanuges  they  can  defire,  tf 
they  fubmit  to  our  ioveieign  rights.  W« 
will  preferve  them  from  all  future  appicben- 
fioos  with  refped  to  the  conunuatio..  of  the 
diAurbances  by  which  they  have  beea  dif- 
treflcd  for  fo  many  years  paA :  We  wHi  wacch 
over  the  profperity,  the  g  ory  and  happiscla 
of  our  dear  people  of  Corhca  in  general,  vA 
of  every  individual  in  particular  with  the  tea* 
timents  of  a  paternal  heart.  We  will  oMtn- 
tain,  upon  our  royal  word,  the  conditions  wc 
have  promifed  in  regard  to  the  form  of  §»« 
vernment  to  the  nation,  and  to  thofe  who 
(ball  ihew  themfdves  moft  sealous  and  moft 
ready  to  fubmit  to  our  obedience,  aod  we 
hope  that  naiion,  enjoying  this  advantage 
and  our  royal  protedion  by  foch  predooa  ties* 
will  not  put  08  upon  treating  them  u  rehck^ 
and  perpetuaie  in  the  idand  of  Corfica  difiur- 
bsnces  which  canooc  but  prove  deftru£txve  :o 
a  people  whom  we  have  adopted  with  com- 
placency among  the  number  of  our  fubje^ 
And  in  order  that  our  intentions  upon  thia 
hejid  might  be  fully  known,  we  have  caored 
Our  feal  to  be  put  to  thefe  prefenu. 

Given  at  Compiegne  the  5(h  day  of  An- 
guft  1768,  and  in  the  53d  year  of  oar 
reign. 

(Signed)  LOUIS." 

And  undfrneath,  the  duke  de  Choisxul. 

Paris,  Oa.  lo.  The  Sieur  Paule,  a  phy* 
fician  oi  this  city,  has  uoderukcn  to  proves 
that  it  is  extremely  eafy  to  preferve  a  nitioa 
intirely  from  the  fmall  pox.  The  method 
he  propofes,  is  to  prevent  all  commuoicatioo 
with  the  infeded  p^rty  and  even  with  his 
clothes,  from  the  maturity  of  the  ervptioaa 
to  their  falling  off,  and  then  to  purify,  by 
means  of  water  and  perfumes,  the  paticat'a 
fltin,  and  whauver  he  has  touched.  Thele 
precautions  obferved  for  a  number  oC  jeart^ 
he  thinks  oar  chtidrcn  any  hereafter  fpeak^ 
the  fmall- pox,  as  we  do  at  pte(icnt  of  the  le- 
profy. 

Amfterdam,  Sept.  23.  The  Dutch  veflels. 
which  we.it  on  the  whale  filbery  thia  year  to 
Greenland,  are  all  returned  except  five, 
which  perifhed  in  the  ice.  Thofe  which  re- 
turned, in  number  119,  have  takea  and 
brought  home  390  fiih. 


X^  '^'ffot  oftbi  Difeafet  tf  Sedentary  perfoni  ttriff  be  ccncJuded  in  cur  next^  when  tht  fim 
from  T,  Z.  Letter  fr 9m  Burtort,  anftver  to  Dr,  Cookers  Query ^  trnnjit  vfVenuii  Vtiti^  mmdmtf 
ny  other  valuahJefitcei  vttU  have  m^latt  I  vtitk  tbi  Lifts,  tobicb  art  mow  •mUtd  fir  wmt^ 
r9m* 


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The  London  Magazine. 


gentleman's  Monthly  Intelligencer', 
For     NOVEMBER,     1768. 


The  Britifli  Theatre  561 

Tiflbt   of    the  Difeafes    of  Sedentary 

Perfons  <;68 

The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  Scfllon  of  Par- 

liamenr,  &c.   &c.  569—571 

On  the  ATcenfion  Body  of  Chrift  572 
An  ufeful  Hint,  in  Anfwer  to  a  former 

one  57S 

Propufal  for  a   new  Strsct  and  other 

Improvements  in    the   Avenues  to 

London  573'"57^ 

King's  Speech  at  opening  the  Seilion  576 
A  curious  Quell  ion  ibid. 

Reply  to  a  laie  Charge  576  —  578 

De fence  of  t h e  Divme  Legation  576 
Cafe,    on  the   A^  agaiail   prophane 

Swearing  578 

Shrewd  Queries  579 

Why  Sha3ows  blucifh,  Morning  and 

Evening  580 

Qo^eftion  in  Opticks  ibid. 

Account  of  the  Proceed,  at  Boflon  5S1 
Advice  to  the  Poor  fubje^  to  Wounds 

and  Ulcers  585 

An  ingenuous  Re^liOcation  of  a  Mif- 

take  586 


Complaint  of  an  honeft,  though  plain 
Freeholder  5S7 

A  Parochial  Cafe,  in  point'  5S8 

Refle6lions  on,  and  Papers  relative  to, 
the  Mortality  amonglt  ScHmen  589 
Memorial  of  the  Navy  Surgeons  591 
Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V,  concluded  59* 
Charader  and  Death  of  the  late  King 


ofPruflia 
Letter    from  Baron 

Argens 
State  of  the  National  Debt 
Copy  of  a  famous  Letter 
Poetical  Essays 
A  new  Song:  fee  to  Mufic 


597 — 
Bielfield    to 


599 
M. 

599 

6o» 
604, 

ibid. 


Letter  from  a  noble  Lord  now  rcfide.it 

605 
The  Monthly  Chronologer.  607 
An  Impartial  Review  ot  New  Pub.  6ji 
Of  Proceedings  by  Attachment  614. 
Marriages  and  Births  ;  Deaths  ibid, 
Ecclefiallical  Preferment  ibid. 

Promotions  Civil  and  Military      ibid. 
Foreign'  Affatrs  61,3 

Monthly  Bill  of  Mortality  ibid. 

Stocks,  Grain,  Wind,  and  Weather  560 

With  a  beautiful  and  accurate  Plam  of 

CANDLE  WICK    AND     LANtSBOURN    WARDS, 


Views   of  Four 


AND 
CHUitCHBS; 


elegantly   engraved. 


LONDON:  Printed  for  R.  Baldwin,  at  No.  47,  in  Patcr-noft<:r  Row  5 

Of  whom  may  be  had,  compleat  Sets,  from  the  Vcar  i732>  to  this  time,  neatly  bound  or 

Hitched,  or  any  fiiiglc  Month  to  complete  Sets. 


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Goo^li' 


*         - 


e  •—   e   3   c   3^   CSC   « 


U 


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3=a 


THE 


London  Magazine. 

For     NOVEMBER,     i768. 


THE  BRITISH  THEATRE. 


HE  Tartuffe of  MoUere^ 
j^  ami  the  No/tjuror  of 
\f  Cihhrt  have  been  long 
'  celebrated  in  their  re- 
fpe6tive  countries,  yet 
^  in  England  the  repre- 
fentation  of  the  latter 
has  been  for  many  years  difcontJnued» 
becaufe  the  error  which  it  ftruck  at 
has  been  for  many  vears  happily  fup* 
preiTedi  i  the  hero  of  the  Nonjuror,  is  a 
rebel  as  well  as  a  Hypocrite*  and  la- 
bours no  lefs  to  promote  the  intereft 
•f  the  Pretender,  than  to  advance  hit 
ewn  fortune,  upon  the  unfufpefting 
credulity  of  fuch  at  incautioufly  ad- 
mit  him  to  any  (hare  of  their  regard.— 
Fortunately  we  have  now  no  jacobitet 
cxifting  among  us  who  are  w^k 
enough,  or  bo^  enough  to  think  of 
an  oppofition  to  the  government  { 
they  are  now  either  wholly  eradicated, 
or  wholly  impotent,  aiKl  the  auguft 
family  on  the  throne  is  doubly  fecure 
in  pofleflion,  by  the  laws  of  the  land 
and  the  affection  of  the  people. 

At  this  is  luckily  the  cafe,  the  re- 
vival of  Cibber^s  Nonjuror  could  not  be 
exped^ed  to  furniih  much  entertain* 
Inedt  at  prefent,  though  it  contains 
many  proofs  of  unqueftionable  genius  i 
and  It  would  beiides,  be  an  injudicious 
condnd  in  our  managers  to  call  back 
difagreeable  fcenes  of  civil  difTentioa 
to  the  memory  of  the  public,  when 
the  hand  of  time  is  kindly  throwing 
fo  falutary  an  oblivion  upon  them,  and 
when  there  is  fo  juft  a  probability  to 
hope  that  no  period  of  this  lamenta- 
ble nature  will  ever  again  difgra^e  the 
annals  of  our  country. 

But  tho*  the  Nonjuror^  as  origkially 
written,  could  Aot  be  fuppofed  at  thit 


time  to  fumi(b  a  very  plea(ing  enters 
tainment  to  the  freouenters  of  the 
theatre ;  it  neverthelels  contains  many 
beauties  which  a  man  of  true  tafte 
would.be  extremely  forry  to  lofe,  an4 
therefore  it  is  with  pleamre  we  inform 
our  readers  that  the  fable  has  been  al- 
tered hy  Mr,  Bickerfiaff^  and  that  the 
piece  is  now  not  only  reprefented  with 
propriety  by  the  managers,  but  with 
profit  to  the  public. — ^The  political 
part  is  totally  omitted,  and  firom  a  rel^ 
flexion  on  ttie  Jacobites,  it  it  change 
ed  into  a  fatire  apinft  the  enthufiafts» 
who  are  extremely  numerous,  and  % 
is  to  be  feared  extremely  dangerous 
alfo  in  this  pious  generation. 

The  plot  of  Gibber's  piece  is  wcH 
known  to  moft  of  our  dramatic  readers^ 
but  as  they  will  poflibly  wi(h  to  hear 
minutely  the  manner  of  Mr.  Bicker- 
ftafTs  alteration,  we  (hall  analyfe  hit 
'^ftory  as  the  moil  expeditious  way  of 
gratifying  their  curiofity,  firfl  of  all 
acquamting  them  that  the  title  and 
dramatis  perfonpe  are  wholly  changed  | 
that  the  play  is  now  called 

THE    HYPOCRITE, 

And,  that  Mr.  Bickerftaffhas  thoujrht 
proper  thus  to  new-name  the  ongi*i 
nal 

CHARACTERS^ 
Sir  John  Lambert  Mr.  Facktr 
Colonel  Lambert 


Mr,  Jefferfon 
Mr.  Reddijk 
Mr.  King 
Mr.  Weftou 
Mr.  Cauthtrly 
Mri.  ir.  Bmrp 
Mrs.  Abington 


Dam  ley 

Doaor  Cantwell 
*  Mawworm 
Seyward 
Lady  Lambert 
Charlotte 
*  Old  Lady  Lambert  Mrs.  Br4i^aw 
SiTvantJ,  qfiar,  &c» 

^  7be  cbaraQtrs  difliuguijbid  with  m/firffMs  are  nrM,  rnnd  the  names  tf  Cibb^^s 
are  Sir  John  Woodvifie,  CoUnel  fKoodvilUi  Hartley,  Cbarleit  Doff  or  mjf,  Latfy 
JToodwUe,  Maria,  Servant^  &c, 

NOV.J76S,  4Ba  the 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'564  Fable  of  the  Hypncrite; 

THE    FABLE. 
CiR  John  Lambert,  a  well-meaning 


Nor; 


man  of  fortune,  but  one  of  the 
righteous  over  much,  being  highly 
prejudiced  by  Old  Lady  Lambert  hit 
mother,  who  it  a  profeffed  methodift, 
in  favour  of  Cantwcll,  a  preacher  of 
her  darling  do6lrine,  adinits  Cantwell 
not  only  into  his  houfe,  but  to  his  clo- 
fell  confidence,  and  confidert  him, 
though  really  a  profligate  hypocrite, 
to  be  a  man  of  the  ibideft  virtue  and 
auAerity. 

Sir  Joho't  family  conHfts  of  a  wife 
not  much  older  than  his  daughter,' 
Chirlotte,  and  his  Ton  a  colonel  in  the 

army. Charlotte  is  juft  fis   Gibber 

has  drawn  his  Maria,  a  lively,  gay, 
yet  good-natured  coquette,  pafTionate- 
ly  beloved  by  Mr.  Darnlcy,  a  young 
gentleman  of  fortune,  to  whom  (he  it 
fecretly  attached,  though  Ihe  frequent- 
ly treats  him  with  the  mod  provoking 
tyranny.— i—Darnley,  in  his  firft  ad- 
drcfTcs  to  Charlotte,  had  received  the 
Approbation  of  Sir  John  ;  but  from 
the  time  of  CantwelPs  coming  into 
the  knight's  houfe,  the  cafe  was  to- 
tally difl-crcnt. The  good  Cantwell 

took  all  opportunities  of  turning  Sir 
John'i  veneration  for  piety  to  his  own 
account ;  and  fiiled  him  with  fuch  a 
diflike  to  every  thing  that  bore  the 
lead  refemblance  to  chearfulnefs  and 
freedom,  that  Charlotte's  good  hu- 
mour became  fmful,  and  the  honeft 
expoftulation  of  the  colonel,  who 
wanted  to^refcue  him  from  the  machi- 
nations  of  the  Hypocrite,  were  conii- 
dered  as  fo  many  blafphemies  againft 

virtue. At  length  Cantwell  gets  the 

pnfufpe^ing  Sir  John  fo  thoroughly 
in  his  power,  that  the  latter  forbi<Js 
Darnley's  addrefles  to  his  daughter, 
and  determines  that  fhe  fhall  either  for- 
feit all  pretenfions  to  his  favour,  or 
con  fen  t  to  accept  the  pious  doctor  for 
a  hufband. 

Alarmed  at  the  influence  which 
Cantwell  has  obtained  oyer  his  fa- 
ther, ^he  Colonel  applies  to  Lady 
Lambert  for  her  afliftancc,  to  expofe 
his  profligacy,  and  prevent  his  deflgns. 
Circumfpc^yas  thcDof^or  endeavours 
to  carry  matters,  he  fecretly  entertains 
vtry  antifpiritual  fcntiments  for  her  la- 
dyfhip,  and  ihe  Colonel,  who  has  for 
fome  time  difcovered  this  trifling  fpeck 
ra  his  fmfl'ity,  prevails  upon  tier  to 
give  the  fellow  (ome  encouragementi 


that  he  may  be  led  into  an  open  de- 
claration, and  give  the  Colonel  at  well 
as  Charlotte,  who  are  to  be  concealed 
evidencet  of  the  converiation,  an  op- 
portunity of  expoOng  him  to  Sir  John. 
Lady  Lambert,  in  confequence  of 
this  fcheme,  indulges  the  doaor  with 
a  tete  a  tete,  who  maket  very  warm 
profcflibns  of  his  afftaion.  The  Co- 
jonel  upon  this  burfls  in,  opbraidi 
him  with  the  bafenefs  of  his  condod', 
whil6  Lady  Lambert  retires  in  feeraing 
confufion  at  the  Colonel't  difcovery. 

The  ColonePs  vehemence  foon  brings 
Sir  John  to  the  fcehe  of  a6lion,  w£i 
it  acquainted  by  his  fon  of  the  doc- 
tor's fcandalous  addrefles  to  Lady 
Lambert.  But  Cantwell,  in  a'  ftrain 
of  the  moft  plaufible  piety,  turns  the 
tables  upon  the  poor  Colonel,  avert 
that  bis  converfation  with  Lady  Lam- 
bert was  only  to  beg  her  interceflion 
in  favour  of  his  paflion  with  Charlotte, 
a  meafure  which  Sir  John  bimfelf  had 
advifed,  and  a6ls  the  hypocrite  fo 
completely,  that  Sir  John,  believing 
a  combination  is  formed  againft  the 
doftor,  orders  the  Colonel  to  quit  the 
houfe,  declares  he  will  entirely  difin- 
herit  him,  and  prepares  immediately 
to  execute  an  inflrument,  which  had 
been  fome  time  drawn,  and  which  patt 
the  Doctor  in  poflcflion  of  four  hun* 
dred  pounds  a  year,  together  with  the 
very  houfe  in  which  he  has  been  fo 
grofsly  traduced  by  the  Colonel. 

The  writings  for  the  execution  of 
this  rafli  conveyance  being  in  the  hands 
of  Seyward,  a  young  man  who  paflet 
for  the  Dodlor's  nephew,  but  is  in  rca- 
lity  an  orphan,  whom  he,  under  the 
veil  of  fanility,  thought  proper  to  edu- 
cate, after  he  had  plundered  his  -dying 
mother  of  all  ftie  pofl*efl*ed,  and  Sey- 
ward being  told  by  the  DoOor  that  the 
inftrument  would  be  wanted  that  even- 
ing, he  determines  to  acquaint  Char- 
lotte with  the  whole  tranfaaion,  bein|; 
impelPilby  a  fecret,tho'  hopelefs  attach- 
ment, which  he  feels  for  that  lady,  as 
well  as  by  a  principle  of  juflice,  to 
prevent  CantwelPs  defigns  againf*  the 
baronet  and  his  family.— Charlotte 
upon  the  flrft  intelligence  repairs  to  a 
lawyer's  with  the  writings  which  Sey- 
ward gives  her  for  that  purpose,  and 
gets  her  brother's  name  infertcd  where- 
ever  the  Doctor's  was  mentioned:  wxtb 
this  flie  returns  Home,  reconveys  the 
paper  to  Seyward,  and  they  are  execM- 

te4 


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1768. 

ted  with  fo  pailionate  an  earneftnefs 
by  Sir  John,  as  well  at  received  with 
fo  affected  a  modefty  by  Cantwell,  that 
they  never  read  a  fyllablc  of  the  con- 
tents, nor  entertain  even  an  idea  of  the 
fmalleft  alteration. 

Charlotte,  having  at  lad  given  Darn- 
ley  a  promife  of  marriage,  has  an  in- 
terview foon  after  with  the  Dodor, 
whofe  confent  fhe  it  under  a  neceflity 
of  obtaining  to  her  marriage,  or  of 
relinquiOiing  the  fortune  her  father  al- 
lots her,  which  is  four  thoufand  pounds. 
—The  Doctor,  during  this  inter- 
view,  behaves  with  great  opennefs,  and 
fecure  of  his  power  over  Sir  John,  very 
explicitly  declares  to  Charlotte^s  face, 
that  he  does  not  care  a  fix  pence  for 
her,  and  that  he  will  give  his  confent 
to-  her  marriage  with  Damley,  provi- 
ded (he  gives  him  half  of  the  four 
thoufand  pounds.— —^Charlotte  pro- 
roifes  for  Darnlcy,  and  Cantwell  re- 
tires  to  prepare  Sir  John  for  a  favour- 
able reception  of  that  gentleman*s  pro* 
pofals  about  his  daughter. 

Charlotte  having  communicated  the 
DoAor^s  condition  to  Damley,  he  ap- 
pears generoufly  ready  to  comply  with 
It  i  but  ihe  will  not  fu^er  fuch  a  facri- 
fice  to  be  made  to  fo  worthlefs  a  wretch, 
9nd  her  father  coming  in,  (he  tells  him 
of  Cantweirs  conduct  in  regard  to  the 
two  thoufand  pounds.  Sir  John 
iires  upon  this  accufation  of  his  friend, 
which  he  believes  to  be  a  new  dedga 
of  de(froying  the  Doctor  in  his  good 
opinion  ;  however  Lady  Lambert,  who 
always  retains  a  great  influence  over 
him,  joining  Charlotte's  charge,  and 
offering  to  give  ocular  demonllratioa 
of  Cantweirs  bafenefs.  Sir  John  feems 
a  little  difcpncerted,  and  declares  up- 
on a  proof^of  that  nature,  he  will  im- 
mediately drive  him  from  his  confi- 
dence for  ever. Lady  Lambert  then 

begs  he  will  conceal  himfelf  behind  a 
fcreen,  and  defirin^  Charlotte  to  fend 
the  Podor  to  her  in  the  leaft  fufpici- 
ous  manner,  prepares  herfelf  for  a  new 
declaration  of  love  from  the  Hypo- 
crite ;  he  accordingly  comes,  in  a  lit- 
tle time  renews  his  vows  of  eternal  re- 
fard,  and  fancies  he  is  going  to  be  in- 
ulged  with  the  laft  favour,  when  Sir 
John  ni(hes  from  behind  the  fcreen, 
upbraids  him  with  his  ingratitude, 
and  orders  him  immediately  from  the 
hot] fe.— ^Cantwell  makes  one  effort 
of  the  hypocritical  kind  to  recover  hit 


Conduct    thereof.' 


5% 

patron^s  efteem,  but  finding  it  inefiPec* 
tual,  and  being  again  ordered  away^ 
lie  throws  off  the  ma(k  entirely,  claims 
the  houfe  as  his  by  virtue  of  the  latelj 
executed  deed,  and  defines  Sir  John  to 

quit  the  poflefTion  dir«6lly. Sir  John 

diflreiTed  and  confounded,  prepares  to 
obey  him,  but  Charlotte  enters,  tella 
the  artilice'  (he  has  ufed,  and  reftoret 
him  to  unexpected  tranquility,  while 
Cantwell,  who  has  been  juft  arretted 
by  the  Colonel  with  a  chief  juftice*t 
warrant,  as  a  cheat,  diftra6ted  at  be« 
ing  over-reached»  defires  the  officer  to 
carry  him  inftanily  to  prifon,  and 
leaves  Sir  John  to  reward  bis  (bn^»  vir« 
tue,  and  crown  his  daughter's  happi- 
nefs  with  Damley  ■  -Seyward,  who 
jufl  before  had  bad  a  fcuffle  with  the 
do^or  for  refuling  to  fwear  at  Cant* 
well  dire^ed,  is  prefent  at  the  cataf. 
trophe,  and  receives  fatisfadtory  pro- 
miies  of  an  eilablifhment  from  the 
family.— -Here  the  piece  ends  with 
a  reflexion,  that  though  nothing  is  (b 
detedable  as  the  character  of  a  hy.  , 
pocrite,  we  mult  not  by  any  meant 
be  unjuil  to  real  virtue,  as  nothing  can 
be  more  amiable  than  the  fervour  of  a 
real  piety. 

Confidirations  on  the  ConduSi  of  the  Fable 

The  fable  of  the  Nonjuror  it  by  no 
means  correal ;  and  in  the  Hypocrite 
Mr.Bickcrftaff  poffibly  thought  itwould 
fecm  a  prelumption  to  attempt  an  im- 
provement upon  hit  author. — The  rea- 
der will  wonder,  that  in  the  courfe  of 
the  ftory  we  fcarcely  make  mention  of 
Maw  worm,  or  Old  Lady  Lambert,  but 
the  (-xSt  is,  neither  have  any  bufineft 
at  all  in  the  piece,  and  are  only  in- 
troduced to  filf  up  the  vacuum, 
which  was  neceffarily  occa(ioned,  by 
omitting  the  political  part  of  the  plot. 
—Old  Lady  Lambert  is  a  profeffed  me- 
thodilt,  and  Maw-worm  is  a  methodift 
alfo ;  he  keeps  a  little  cbandler*s  (bop, 
which  he  intends  throwing  up,  to 
commence  preacher;  and  fays,  be  it 
fure  he  has  had  a  call  \  he  moreover 
informs  us,  that  he  extorts  his  cufto- 
mers  fo  conllantly  when  they  come  to 
buy  any  thing,  that  the  De'vils  in  hit 
aliiy  give  out  as  bo*w  his  brain  is  tiu'n- 
ed.— Formerly,  he  fays,  he  was  a  great 
finner,  and  frequently  playd  /kittles  at 
the  Three  Hats  in  JJlington  j  but  now  Be 
can^t  abide  them  \  and  tboitgb  be  is  btO  a 
/beep  bis  bleating /ball  be  beard  i  nay,  i£ 

he 


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S$^  Ghra£!erst  MamierSt  &?f,  &?r." 


Nor 


lie  can  become  but  a  Jbefhtrd^s  dog  to 
Unrk  thtfirttf  lambs  into  iht  fold  he  wiH 
be  concent— Mawworm  has  two  fcenet 
Ifi  the  play,  the  firft  j$  to  a(k  Cant- 
ttrell  bow  he  does,  the  next  is  to  attend 
Old  Lady  Lambert  to  the  Tabernacle, 
1iirho>  notwithftanding  his  ignorance, 
iind  defpicable  (ituation,  it  a  great  ad- 
mirer of  his  zeal  and  piety. 

THE  CHARACTERS. 
tt  is  univer£ill3r  allowed,  that  Mark 
in  the  Nonjuror  is  one  of  the  bed  fi» 
fiiflitd  and  moft  amiable  coquets  that 
•trear  was  exhibited  in  a  theatre  \  Mr. 
Bickerftaff  *s  Charlotte  differs  very  lit- 
tle from  Maria,  nor  have  the  reft  of 
Ctbber*s  charaders  undergone  any  mm* 
ferial  alteration.*— As  to  Old  Lady 
Lambert  (he  is  taken  intirely  from  Mo- 
liere,  and  Mawworm  is  the  only  part 
in  the  Hypocrite  which  has  any  pre- 
tcniions  to  Novelty.  ■  This  indeed 
lieems  the  flcetch  of  a  mafterly  pencil, 
but  it  is  neverthelefs  much  to  be  la- 
mented that  it  is  wholly  a  figure  in  the 
bKk  ground,  and  has  no  concern  in 
the  attion  of  the  piece. 

THE    MANNERS. 

Whatever  dcfeft  there  may  be  in  thif 
part  of  the  Hypocrite,  it  muft  be  an- 
swered for  by  the  author  of  the  Nonju- 
ror) Mr.  BickerftaiF  indeed,  from  his 
cxtenfive  knowledge  of  '  the  drama, 
plight  have  rendered  the  behaviour  of 
fome  chara^ers  a  little  more  confiftent 
with  their  iituations  in  life.  Darnley''s 
lealoufjr  feems  oftener  the  rcfult  of  ac- 
tual pnde  than  the  confequencrof  real 
Undernefs,  and  Lady  Lambert,  in  the 
icenewbere  Sir  John  is  concealed,  makes 
love  berfelf  to  Cantwell,  inftead  of 
waiting  for  the  Hypocrite^  addrcffes. 
*—— Thefe  are  defeds,  but  they  are 
Cibber^s  defeds  s  however  it  is  a  pity 
when  Ui  capital  a  hand  undertook  to 
|ive  us  an  alteration  of  the  celebrated 
J.aureat,  that  be  did  not  think  it  ne- 
ceflary  to  make  this  alteration  lefs  lia- 
ble to  critical  animadverfion. 

THE   SENTIMENTS 

In  general,  juft,  charafleriftic,  and 
forcible. 

THE   DICTION. 

Is  rather  the  moft  reprchcnfible  part 

cf  the  performance. Some  of  Cib- 

.bef  s  execrable  double  entendres  are 
lUll  retained  even  in  the  mouth  of 
Charlotte  j  and  the  frequent  mention 


•f  heaven. 


together  with  the  cxccf- 


five  fervour  of  that  mentiofl,  by  Cam* 
well,  is  very  difagreeable  to  a  Imoai 
auditor.— Mawworm*s  language,  tboT 
there  is  nothing  new  in  his  improper 
pronunciation,  is  perfe^ly  laaghable  $ 
—and  where  he  talks  of  his  wife's  good- 
nefs  in  cutting  bim  down,  when  be 
had  *  hanged  himfelf  through  nelaa- 
cboly,  and  adds,  that  he  does  aot  be- 
lieve there  is  a  Woman  in  the  parift 
who  would  do  fo  much  for  a  bolband, 
h  is  impoHible  for  a  puritan  topreJerft 
the  gravity  of  his  countenance. 
The  ftroke  is  true  humoar,  and  imfi- 
cates  the  author's  perfe^  acqnaintanct 
with  real  comedy. 

THE    MORAL 
Excellent;    to  expofe  the  fi»meffll 
vice  of  hypocrify,  and  to  inlpire  a  ani- 
verfal  regard  for  religion  and  Fiitoe. 

THE  REPRESENTATION. 

There  are  but  three  chaia^ers  in 
this  piece  calculated  to  gain  any  extra- 
ordinary  ftiare  of  approbation. 
Thefe  are  Cantwell,  Charlotte,  and 
Mawworm,  which  were  admtraUy  ex- 
ecuted by  feveral  performers,  and 
met  with  general  encouragement  froia 
the  public. 

8:5»In  a  few  days  the  tragedy  of 
Zengis  is  to  be  performed  at  Drury- 
lane  theatre,  and  at  Covent  Garden  we 
are  in  hourly  expe^ation  of  a  tragedy 
on  the  ftory  of  Cyrus,  from  the  inge- 
nious Mr.  Hoole,  already  known  to 
the  world  as  the  tranllator  of  Tafib 
and  Meteftafio. 

*ro  Mr,  Sine  Qua       — 
S  I  R, 

YD U  and  fome  other  well-mean* 
ing  readers  of  the  London  Ma- 
gazine, *<  are,  it  feems,  *much  coa- 
cerned  at  the  late  warm  difpute  aboot 
the  doftrinc  of  the  Trinity  :  it  U, 
you  fay,  not  only  injurious  to  the  di£> 
putants  themfelves  but  to  relig^ion  it- 
felf,  to  carry  on  a  controverfy  upon  t 
fubje6i  of  fo  myfterious  a  nature.** 

In  anfwer  to  this,  I  take  the  liberty 
of  quoting,  with  a  very  fmall  variatxm, 
a  paffagc  from  p.  553.  of  the  fame  Mag. 
in  #hich  your  letter  is  printed. 

<<  The  bigot,  the  better  to  Oiie^ 
himfelf  from  atUcks,  is  obliged  » 
wrap  himfelf  up  in  his  ignorance  |  » 
call  even  the  moft  obvious  truths  w^v 
terious,  beyond  the  powers  of  haoua 
reafon  to  penetrate.  Let  us  diir^aH 
fucb  men,  we  are  not  to  exped  t^ 

beaik 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


m  y€t.        Tiffot  of  the  Difeafis  of  Sedentary  Perfons: 

Heads  of  thefe  fliould  become  the  re 


pofitories  of  truth. 

As  another  bar  againft  any  farther 
debate  on  this  fabjedt,  you  quote  the 
fbllowing  pafTage  from  Dr.  Swift's  fer- 
mon  written  for  Trinity  Sunday.—- 
«*  It  is  highly  probable,  that  \$  God 
Ihotild  pleafe  to  rcreal  to  us  this  great 
myftery  of  the  Trinity,  wc  ihould  not 
t>e  able  to  undcrftand  it,  unlefs  he 
i^ould  at  the  fame  time  bcftow  on  U9 
xiew  faculties  of  the  mind." 

Be  pleafed,  Sir,  to  ohferve  that 
vrhatevcr  is  revealed,  if  it  be  not  ac- 
tually made  known,  is,  at  lead  made 
intelligible.  This  being  premifed,  the 
Doctor's  words  may  be  thus  paraphra- 
fed  :  <<  If  it  ihould  pleafe  God  to 
xzaake  this  great  myftery  of  the  Trinity 
ncelligible,  this  great  mvftery  would, 
ven  then,  be  imlntellig^ble,  unlefs  he 
ihould  pleafe  at  the  fame  time  to  be- 
ftow  on  us  new  faculties  of  the  mind  j^ 
weak  readers  are  generally  moll  taken 
with  the  word  parts  of  a  book  i  I  dp 
not  think  that  fuch  another  nonienfi* 
cal  paflage  can  be  found  in  the  volu- 
ixiinou&  writings  of  this  very  ingenious 
man.  Let  the  readers  now  determine 
who  are  in  greateft  danger  of  madnefs^ 
you  or  the  late  difputants. 

Your,  &c. 

Compos  AUnth, 
N.  B.  According  to  Socrates  Mad- 
neik  and  Folly  are  the  fame  thing.    See 
Alilb  ad. 

Account  ^Tiflbt'i  EJay  on  the  Jlfeafes 
qf  Sedentary  Perfom^  &c.  Continued 
from  pt  450. 
<*  ^TpH  E  head  itfelf,  and  the  nerves, 
X  and  the  ftomach  which  is  fuller 
of  nenrts  than  any  other  part,  firft  fuf- 
fcr  for 4 he  errors  of  the  Blind."  This 
the  Doft^r  proves  from  various  exam- 
ples, and  proceeds  j  •*  Thus  rendered 
uoequal  to  the  tafk  of  ftudy,  the 
learned  are  at  laft  under  a  necefltty  of 
quitting  their  beloved  purfuits ;  for,  as 
the  ftrength  of  their  nerves  dixninifhes, 
their  attention  fails,  the  memory  be- 
gins to  lo(«  its  tenacioufiaeik,  the  ideas 
are  obfcured,  and  an  uneafy  fenfation 
of  beat  over  the  whole  head,  a  dread- 
ful palpitfitioo,  the  moft  extraordinary 
Weaknefs,  and  a  ground lefs  fear  of 
apsroocbing  death,  obli^  them  to 
diKOAtinue  their  anplication.  Tl^ir 
ftrength  being  at  laft  repaired  by  reft, 
noariAiin^  aliments,  ajid  exercife,  they 
f^mew  tfa«r  affiduity  in  (hidyi  but  arc 


$<5f 

foon  obliged  to  quit  their  books  as  be* 
fore.  Thus  the  whole  day  is  loft  ;  an4 
when  'evening  ai>p[i*oaches  and  thejf 
retire  to  bed  their  weaknefs  and  an« 
xiety  make  them  pafs  their  nights  moft 
difmallyi  whilft  the  great  mobilitv  of 
their  nerves  prevents  their  .fleepmg, 
and  fometimes  increafes  to  fuch.  a  de« 
gree  as  totally  to  deprive  them  of  the 
power  of  thinking.  I  know  a  youns 
man,  upon  whom  an  intenfe  applica-^ 
tion  to  ftudy  had  this  extraordinarj 
efTed^,  that,  if  he  read  even  a  few 
pages,  he  was  torn  with  convuHions 
of  the  mufcles  of  the  head  and  fac^ 
which  affumed  the  appearance  of  rope9 
ftretched  very  tight. 

Nor  does  too  intenfe  an  applicatioa 
produce  only  flight  and  tranlient  con- 
vulfions  of  the  mufcles  ;  it  likewife  re- 
news and  generates  the  moft  dreadful 
nervous  dilorders.  Galen  mentions  a 
grammarian,  who  was  feized  with  a 
fit  of  the  epilepfy,  whenever  he  medi- 
tated profoundly,  or  taught  with  .vehe- 
mence. I  myfelf  have  feen  inftancef 
of  it.  And  the  illuftrious  Van  Swietea 
laments  the  cafe  of  youths  of  the  bright- 
eft  hopes,  who  have  been  feized  with 
a  dreadful  and  incurable  epilepfy,  up-> 
on  being  compelled  by  fevere  mafters 
to  appiv  to  their  ftudies  with  fcarce  any 
intervals  of  relaxation.  Hoftmau 
makes  mention  of  a  young  man,  who» 
as  often  as  he  wearied  out  his  memory 
and  his  |;enius  by  attentive  ftudy,  was 
feized  with  a  momentary  epilepfy,  a 
palpitation  of  the  heart,  and  a  trance  7 
but  when  he  remitted  of  his  affiduity, 
was  always  tolerably  welh  This  thp 
celebrated  Petrarch  likewife  unhappity 
experienced,  being  feized  with  an. 
epilepiy  through  his  great  application 
to  ftuay,  to  which  he  was  immode- 
rately attached.  In  a  public  promo- 
tion, one  of  the  candidates  for  literary 
honour,  after  having  purfutd  hia  ftu- 
dies with  the  moft  arduous  applica- 
tion both  day  an4  night,  througli  a  too 
great  attention  to  his  oration^  that  l^e 
might  be  able  to  fay  it  accurately  by 
heart,  was  fuddenly  feized  with  a  ca* 
talepfy  and  fell  down. 

Tht  labour  of  the  mind  not  only 
produces  nervous  diforders,  but,  by 
means  of  the  nerves,  gives  riie  to  other 
complaints.  An  eminent  matbenati- 
cian,  who  <vas  troubled  with  an  here* 
ditary  gout,  and  had  alwaye  lived  fo- 
berly  and  chaftety,  hafteoed  a  paro- 
xyfm  by  applying  a  long  time  to  tfie 

ibluciont 


Digitized  by  Google  ^ 


5« 


Dreadful  Symptoms  from  hard  Study, 


folutiofn  of  a  difficalt  problem.    And 
the  cafe  of  the  chevalier  de  Pernay  is 
very  extraordinaty.   After  four  months 
of  th£  ciofell  ftudy  imaginable,    and 
without   any    previous    diforder,     his 
beard   fell   6r(l,    then    his  eye-laihes, 
then  hit  eye- brows,    then  the  hair  of 
his  head,    and  finally  all  the  hairs  of 
his  body.    Did  this  proceed  from  the 
great  relaxation  of   the  roots,    from 
which  the  hairs  grow  5    or  from  the 
want  of  nutrition  ?  Certain  it  is,    that 
an  intenfe  application  of  mind  relaxes 
the  whole  corporeal  frame,    and  pre- 
vents all  nutrition  for  two   reafons  ; 
for  this  is  the  efFeft  of  thought,    not 
upon  all,  but  upon  mod  conftitutions, 
that  it  accelerates  the  pulfe,    and  pro- 
duces a  fever,    which,    by  diifolving 
the  nourifhing  jelly  of  the  fluids,  occa- 
fions  palenefs,  leannefs,   confumption, 
and  a  fort  of  wafting  of  the  nerves  \  on 
the  other  hand,    the  ceflation  of  the 
action  of  the  nerves,  is  capable  of  pro- 
ducing it.     Nor  does  it  lefs  ceafe  in  the 
whole  body,    whilll  it  is  obftru^led  by 
application  of  mind,  than  when  it  is 
ftopped  by  a  fwelling  or  a  ligature  in 
anjr  part.    We  (hould  not  be  too  in- 
quiOtive  in  prying  into   caufes  \   and 
many  circumftances  relating  to  nervous 
diforders    will  for  ever  remain    un- 
known ;  but  if  any  one  (hould  be  cu- 
rious to  know  how  the  too  great  ten- 
lion  of  the  nerves  is  hurtful,   I  will 
briefly  give  him  my  fenfe  of  the  mat- 
ter.   The  body  is  exhaufted  by  too 
gr^at    an    evacuation  \     hence   arifes 
vreaknefs,  an  extraordinary  tenuity  of 
the  humours,  and,  what  it  is  generally 
productive  of,    a    difeafed    mobility. 
Suppofe  the  blood  were  to  run  copiouf- 
ly  from  a  wound,  or  the  gaftric  fluids 
were  to  be  poured  forth  oy  the  anus, 
or  the  breads  fucked  too  long,   or  a 
^ater  difcharge  of  faliva  nuide    by 
Ipitting,  or  the  wretched  body  were  to 
be  troubled  with  a  long  diabetes,    or 
in  (bort,    any  other  evacuations  were 
too    nHich    increafed*    the    ftrength 
would  decline,  and  the  health  be  loft  \ 
but  whilft  the  nerves  aft,    their  fluid 
runs  out  of  the  body,  and  carries  off 
the  ftrength  with  it  $    nor  is  there  any 
thing  ift'*^the  body  either  more  labour- 
ed,  more  hcceflary   in  many  Dnimal 
functions,    or    more   intimately  con- 
'  aefted  with  ftrength.   In  ftudious  men 
therefore,  a  perpetual  diftipation  of  the 
nervovs  fluid  fprings  from  the  inceflant 
aftion  of  the  nerves,  aistegded  with 


I 


Nor. 

weaknefs,  and  an  extraordinary  mo. 
bllity,  from  whence  all  the  abovemen* 
tioned  difeafes  eafily  take  rife  ;  thefe 
are  very  dreadful,  but  difeafes  ftill 
more  dreadful  remain  to  be  defcribed, 
[To  be  concluded  in  our  next.^ 

To    the    A  U  T  H  O  R,     &f, 
SIR, 

AM  one  of  your  female  readert 

and  admirers.  I  am  a  friend  to  the 
church  of  England,  and  am  fettled  in  a 
town  where  there  is  an  opportunity  of 
attending  publick  worfliip  twice  a  day 
throughout  the  year.  But  having  forae 
objeftfion  to  a  few* chapters  appointed 
for  certain  days  (perhaps  artfing  from 
too  much  female  delicacy)  I  have  made 
it  a  rule,  for  thefe  feven  years  paft,  to 
abfent  myfcif  from  divine  fervicc  upon 
the  following  occaiions  when  thefe  lef- 
fons  are  appointed  to  be  read,  viz.— 
Ruthiii.  on  March  29.  %  Sam.  xi« 
April  19.  I  Kings  xxi.  on  the  loth 
Sunday  after  Trinity,  and  when  i  Cor. 
vii.  is  read. 

I  have  very  little  more  to  obje^  to 
our  Liturgy,  except  a  verfe  or  two  in 
thePfalms  for  churching  of  women, 
and  that  remarkable  prayer  in  the  form 
of  matrimony.  I  was  never  in  my 
life,  but  once,  at  the  folemnization  of 
matrimony,  which  happened  upon  a 
faints  day  about  five  years  fince :  wheo, 
to  my  furprize,  there  came  into  the 
church  a  }  oung  woman  very  big  with 
child,  advancing  towards  the  commn- 
nion  table,  followed  by  a  man  attended 
by  the  parifti  officers ;  and  upon  hear- 
ing the  clen^yman  pronounce  thefe 
words—"  Affift  with  thy  blefling,  thefe 
two  perfons,  that  they  may  be  iruitfui 
in  procreation  of  children,^*  I  was 
quite  out  of  countenance.  Howeveb 
the  hufl>and  has  fince  been  a  match Ffbr 
the  pari  ft),  having  abfconded^and  left 
a  wife  and  three  children.      ^ 

If  fome  particular  eXpreflions  in  the 
above-named  paflagesare  apt  to  ftartle 
the  fortitude  of  your  fex,  as  I  am  cre- 
dibly informed  they  fometiraea  do, 
you  cannot  but  imagine  they  rnuft 
much  more  aflfe^l  the  modefty  of  otirs, 
at  leaft  of  her  who  is  yourconftant  rea- 
der and  humble  fervant. 

Mart  FiOLiAP* 

THE  wards  of  Candlewick   and 
LangbouTHi  will  be  defcribed  id 
our  next* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


The  Hiftory  of  the  laft  Scifion  of  Parliament,  &c. 

The  Hi/lory  tf  the  SeJJUn  rf  ParUament,  nubUb  began  Nov.  24.,  T767,  behg  iheffventb 
Sejffhn  of  the  T<we0b  ParUament  0/'Gre:it-BritaiB  }  wtbimAtc$imt  f/ali  the  mate* 
0tial  ^u^ioMS  therein  determined,  and  of  toe  poetical  Dij^ta  there ty  ^tcapined  wtb^ 
$Mt  Deerj.    Continued ffom  p.  $19*  ' 


HAVING  given  an  account  of  the 
fupplies,    f  Ihall  proceed  to  give 
the  hiAoryofthe  committee  of  ways  and 
means  j*' for  the  houfe  had    no  fooner 
agreed  to  the  t^^o  refblutionsoFthe  com- 
mittee of  ftipply  of  the  3H  of  December^ 
than  it  was  relblved,    that    the    houfe 
would  the  next  morning  refolve  itfelf  in- 
to a  committee  of  the  whole  houfe  to 
confider  of  ways  and  means  for  raifmg 
the  fupply  granted  to  his  majefty  ;    from 
which  day  the  committee  continued  to 
fit,  from  time  to  time,  till  the  13d  of  Fe- 
biuary  1768  inclufive  and  came  to  ma- 
ny refolutions  which  were  agreed  to  by 
the  houfe,  and  were  as  follow ; 
December,  7. 
That  the  duties  upon   malt,   mum, 
cyder  and  perry,  be  coiiiinueu  from  the 
a4th  of  June  1768,    to  the  24' h  of  Jilnc 
1769,   and  charged  upon    all  the  malt 
which    fliall  be    made,    and  all    mum 
which  fhall  be  made  or  imported,   and 
all  cyder  and  perry,  which  fhall  be  made 
for  iale,   within  the  kingdom  6t  Great 
Britain.  700,000!. 

December,  to. 
That  the  fum  of  38.  in  the  pound, 
and  no  more»  be  raifed  within  the  fpace 
of  one  year,  from  the  15th  of  March 
1768,  upon  lands,  tenements,  heredita* 
ments,  penfions,  and  perfonal  eftatet,  in 
that  part  of  Great  Britain  called  Eng- 
land, Wales,  and  the  town  of  .^Berwick 
upon  Tweed  ;  and  that  a  proportionable 
cefs,  according  to  the  ninth  article  of 
the  treaty  of  union,  be  laid  Mpon  that 
part  of  Great  Britain  called  Scotland 
1,518,5681.  IIS.  iid.  f. 

February,  9. 
I.  That  the  fum  of  1,900,000].  be 
raifed  in  manner  following  j  that  is  to 
fay,  the  fum  of  1,^00,000 1.  by  annui- 
ties, after  the  rate  of  3  I.  per  centum,  to 
commence  from  the  5th  day  of  January 
laft,  and  the  fum  of  600,000 1.  by  a  lot- 
tery, to  confift  of  60,000  tickets,  the 
whole  of  fuch  fum  to  be  divided  into 
prizes,  which  are  to  be  attended  with 
the  like  3  1.  per  cent,  annuities,  to  com- 
sneoce  from  the  5th  of  January  1769; 
and  that  all  the  faid  annuities  be  tranf- 
f^rrabfe  at  the  Bank  of  Englandj  paid 
I9ov.  I768, 


half  ycarlyi  on  the  5th  of  July,  and  the 
5ih  of  January, .  in  every  year,    out  of 
the  finking  fund,    and  added  to,    and 
made  part  of,    the  joint  (lock  of  3 1.  pe^ 
cent,  annuities,  which  were  confolidated 
at  the  Bank  of  England,  hy  certain  z&i 
made  in  the  25th  and  a  8th  years  of  the 
reign   of  hfs  late  majefty,    and  fever^l 
fubfequent  a^ls,    and  fubje£l  to  redemp* 
tion  by  parliament ;  that  every  contribU'^ 
tor  towards  the  faid  fum  of  1,300,000  U 
fliall,  in  refpeft  of  every  65 1.  agreed  by 
him  to  be  contributed  for  raifir.g  fuch 
fum.  be  intitled  to  receive  three  tickets 
in  the  faid  lottery,  upon  payment  of  lol. 
for  each  ticket  j    and  that  every  contri- 
butor (hall,  on  or  before  the  i8th  day  of 
this  inftant  February,    make   a  depofit 
with  the  cafliiers  of  the  bank  of  England 
of  15I.  per  centum,  in  part  of  the  iiio« 
nies  Co  to  be  contribmed  towards  the 
faid  fum'of  1,306,000  1.  and  alfo  a  depo- 
fit of  5  1.  per  centum,  in  part  of  th\e  mo- 
nies fo  to  be  contributed  in   refpeA  of 
the  faid  lottery,,  as  a  fecurity  for  ma- 
king the  refpefUve  future  payments  to 
>  the  faid  cafliiers,   on  or  before  the  timet' 
herein  after  limited  $   that  is  to  fay,  on    ^ 
the  1,300,000  1.  10  1.  percent,  on  or  be- 
forethe  9th  of  April  next)  to\,  per  cent,  on 
or  before  the  7  th  of  June  neitt  $    \^\,  per 
cent,  on  or  before  the  t9th  of  July  next  f 
15I.  per  cent,  on  or  before  the  aoth  66 
Awguft  next;  15  1.  percent,  on  or  be- 
fore the  aift  of  O^lober  next )  i6\.  per 
cent,  on  or  before  the  15th  of  Novem- 
ber next.     On  the  lottery,  for  6bo,oooL 
25  1.  /^/r  cent,  on  or  before  the  lyih  of 
May  next  $   30  1.  per  cent,  on  or  before 
the  a 8th  day  of  June  next  j  40 1.  percent^ 
on  or  before  the  8th  of  September  next. 
And  that  all  the  monies  xa  received  by 
the  faid  cafliiers,  be  paid  into  the  re- 
ceipt of  his  majefty's  Exchequer,    to  b# 
applied,  from  time  to  time,   to  ftich  fer- 
vices  as  ftiall  then  have  been  voted  by 
this  houfe,  in  this  feflion  of  paHiamenti 
and  that  evei7  contributor  who  fliall  pav 
in  the  whole  of  his  contribution  towarcui 
the  faid  fum  of  1,300,' 00 1,  at  any  time^ 
ou  or  before  the  i^ih  of  Oftober  next, 
or  towards  the  faid  lottery*  on  or  be* 
fore  the  a5ih  of  June  next,  fliall  be  al- 
^Q     "  lowed 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


570       The  History  of  the  lafi  Sefllon  ^Parliament    Jfovl 

lowed  an  intereft  by  wa^  of  difcount, 
mfter  the  rate  of  3I.  per  ientum,  per  an- 
wtm,  ^  on  the  fumt  fo  compleating  hit 
contribution  refpt^ivelyi  to  be  comput- 
ed from  the  day  of  compleating  the  faiBet 
to  the  25th  of  November  next,  in  refpeft 
of  the  fum  paid  on  account  of  the  faid 
T 1 300,0001.  and  to  .the  Sth  of  September 
next,  in  refpe ft  of  the  fum  paid  on  ac- 
count of  the  fAid  lottery. 

s«  That,  from  and  after  the  5th  of 
April  next,  the  annuities,  after  the  rate 
of  4I.  per  cetftum^  attending  the  remain- 
der of  the  capTtal  ftocic,   eftablifhed  by 


an  aft  made  in  the  third  year  of  hit  ma- 
jcfty't  reign,  intitled,  **  An  aft  for 
granting  to  hit  majefty  fcYeral  additional 
duties  upon  wines  imported  into  this 
lungdom,  and  certain  duties  uoon  all 
cyder  and  perry :  and  for  raibng  the 
fum  of  3,500,000!.  by  way  of  annuitiea 
and  lotteries,  to  be  charged  on  the  faid 
duties,** .  be  charged  upon  and  made  pay- 
mbleoutof,  the  Turpi uffei,  excciTea,  or 
overplus  monies,  and  other  revenues, 
•ompoiing  the  fund  commonly  called 
the  finking  fund,  until  the  redemption 
of  the  faid  capital  ftock,  which  ts  to 
be  compleated  on  the  5th  of  January 
1769, 

3*  That  the  dutte#,  revenue!,  and  hi- 
Comcf ,  which  now  ftand  appropriated  to 
the  payment  of  the  faid  annuities,  be 
contmued,  and  be,  from  and  after  the 
iiud  5th  of  April,  carried  to,  and  made 
ptrt  of,  the  faid  fund,  'commonly  called 
the  Sinking  Fond,  towards  making  good 
the  payment  of  the  faid  annuities,  and 
of  the  annuities  after  the  rate  of  3I.  per 
CiML  intended  to  be  grtnted  in  refpeft 
of  the  l^id  1,900,0001. 
t  4.  That,  towards  ratfing  the  fupply 
granted  to  his  majefty,  the  fnm  of 
i,8oo,oool.  be  raifed,  by  loans,  or  Ex- 
chequer bills^  to  be  charged  upon  the 
firfk  aids  to  be  granted  in. the  next  fef- 
lion  of  parlnment ;  and  fuch  Exchequer 
biUs,  if  not  difcharged,  with  intereft 
thereupon,  on  or  before  the  5th  of  April 
1769,  to  be  exchanged,  and  received  in 
payment  in  fuch  manner  at  Exchequer 
Dills  have  ufually  been  exchanged,  and 
received  in  payment. 

5,  That  towards  raiiing  the  fupp'y 
granted  to  his  majeffy,  there  be  applied 
the  fum  of  at250,oool.  out  of  fuch  mo- 
nies as  (hall  or  may  arife  of  the  furpluf- 
ies,  exceflfes,  or  overplus  monies,  and 
other  revenxiea,  compofing  the  fund  com- 
manly  called  the  inking  fund. 


6.  That  a  fum,  not  exceeding  yo.opoL 
otit  of  fuch  monies  at  fliall  be  paid  into 
the  receipt  of  the  Exchequer,  after  the 
ad  of  February  1768,  and  on  or  before 
.  the  5th  of  April  1769,  of  the  prodoce  of 
all  or  any  of  the  duties  and  revenues, 
which,  by  any  aft  or  afts  of  parliament, 
have  been  direfted  to  be  refervcd  for 
the  difpofition  of  parlnment,  towards 
defraying  the  neceflary  exjpencea  of  de» 
fending,  protefting,  and  fecuridg,  the 
Briiifh  colonies  and  plantatione  in  Ame- 
rica, be  applied  towards  malunff  Bood 
fuch  part  of  the  fupply  as  hath  been 
mnted  to  his  maiefty,  for  maintainiag 
nis  majefty*s  forces  and  garrifona  in  the 
plantations,  and  for  provifions  for  the 
forces  in  North  America,  Nova  Scotia, 
NewA>undIand,  and  the  Ceded  Iflands, 
for  the  vear  1768. 

7*  That  fuch  of  the  monies,  mt  fliall 
be  paid  into  the  receipt  of  the  Exche- 
quer, after  the  ad  of  February  1768, 
and  on  or  before  the  5th  of  April  1769, 
of  the  produce  of  the  duties  chai^ged,  by 
an  aft  of  parliament  made  in  the  5^1  o(F 
his  prefent  majefty*s  reign,  upon  the  ini« 
portation  and  exportation  of  ^m  SenegZf 
and  gum  arabic,  be  applied  towards 
nudcing  good  the  fupply  granted  to  his 
majefty. 

8.  That  the  fam  of  400,oool»  wfaidi 
is  to  be  paid  within  the  prefent  year, 
into  the  receipt  of  his  majeily's  Exche- 
quer, by  the  united  company  of  mtf- 
chants  of  England,  tndtng  to  the  Eat* 
Indies,  in  purfuance  of  an  aft  made  in 
the  hti  feflion  of  parliament  intitled, 
*'  An  aft  for  eftablilhing  an  agreemenr 
for  the  payment  of  the  annual  fom  of 
400,0001.  for  a  limited  time,  by  the 
Ead^India  companjTf  in  refpeft  of  the 
territorial  acquifmons  and  revenucf, 
lately  obtained  in  the  Eaf(  Indies,  be 
applied  towards  making  good  the  fup* 
ply  granted  to  his  majeSy. 

9.  That  the  charge  of  the  pty 
an^  cloathing  of  the  miliiia,  in  that  part 
of  Great  Britain  called  England,  for 
one  year,  beginning  the  a5th  of  March 
1768,  be  decayed  out  of  the  monies  vri- 
fing  by  the  land-tax,  grantol  for  the 
fervice  of  the  year  17^8. 

February  la. 
That  a  fum  not  exceeding  106,3  58}, 
^71.  8d.  out  of  the  fums  received  for 
provifion«  delivered  to  the  troops  ferr- 
in^  in  North  America,  and  of  certain 
Aims  charged  on  the  pay  of  the  f^pgtet 
ferring  at  Minorcat.  the  Flotidas,   asd 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


\y69.     The  History  of  the 

n  Africa^  and  out  of  the  balance  of 
:he  i2d.  in  the  pound  deduction  from 
he  pay  of  the  out  penlionert  of  Cheifea 
lofpital,  from  the  25th  of  June  1757,  to 
he  4th  of  December  1767,  and  alfo 
>ut  of  the  monies  remaining  in  the  hands 
>f  the  earl  of  Kinnoul»  and  the  executors 
>f  the  late  earl  of  Darlington,  and  of  the 
ate  Thomas  Potter,  Efqj  being  part  of 
he  balances  of  the  faid  earls  of  Dar- 
ington  and  Kinnoul,  and  Thomas  Pot- 
er,  as  paymasters  general  of  his  ma- 
efl^*s  forces,  be  applied  towards  making 
;ood  the  fupply  granted  to  his  majefty, 
owards  defraying  the  extraordinary  ex- 
>ences  of  his  majefty's  land  forces,  and 
Jther  fervices,  incurred  to  the  25th  of 
December  1767,  and  not  provided  for 
>y  parliament. 

February  23. 

1.  That  grey  or  fcrow-falt,  falt-fcale» 
Und-fcale,  cnifting«»  or  other  foul  fait, 
>s  allowed  to  be  taken  from  the  fait 
vorks  in  England,  Wales,  or  Berwick 
ipon  Tweed,  to  be  ufed  as  manure 
ipon  payment  of  a  duty  of  four  pence 
*>er  bufiiel  only. 

2.  That  all  policies,  by  which  the 
jroperty  of  one  p«rfon>  or  of  a  paiticu- 
ar  number  of  perfons  in  one  genera] 
lartner/hip,  or  of  one  body  politic  or 
orporate,  in  any  Jhip  or  cargo,  or  both, 
hail  be  aCured,  to  the  amount  of  more 

By  the  refolution  of  December  7  • 

By  that  of  December  10  •  « 

By  the  firft  of  February  ?  " 

By  the  fourth  article  of  ditiD  « 

By  the  fifth  of  ditto       .  •  • 

By  theiixthofditto  -  « 

By  the  eighth  of  ditt6 

By  the  refolution  of  Feb.  is  « 

Sum  total  of  fuch  provifipnt  at  can  be  afcertained 


laft  SeflTion  of  Parliament.    571 

than  toool.  be  ftamped  with  two  5s. 
ftamps. 

3.  That,  fo  much  of  an  a^,  made  ia 
the  thirty- third  year  of  the  reign  of  hit 
late  majefty,  Kmg  George  the  fecond^ 
Intitled,  <*  An  ac^  for  encouraging  the 
exportation  of  rum,  and  fpirits  of  the 
growth,  produce,  and  manufa6h]re  of 
the  Biitim  fugar  plantations  from  thit 
kingdom,  and  of  Britifti  fpirits,  made 
from  molalfet,  as  diredls  that  the  rum,^ 
Or  fpirits,  o^  the  growth,  produce,  and 
manufactures  of  the  BritiOi  fugar  plan- 
tations,  in  America,  which  would  be 

/ihtiiled  to  the  allowance  of  the  duty  of 
ciiftom,  and  freed  from  the  duty  of  ex<^ 
cife,  on  exportation  thereof,  fliould  be 
proof  fpirits^**  be  repealed. 

4.  That  upon  the  exportation  of  fuch 
rum,  or  fpirits,  there  be  an  allowance^ 
or  drawback,  of  all  the  duties  of  cuf« 
toms  payable  upon  the  importation 
theireof ;  and  that  fuch  rum,  or  fpirits, 
be  freed  and  difcbarged  from  all  the  du- 
ties of  excife,  though  the  fame  diall  not 
be  proof  fpirits. 

Thefe  were  the  only  refolutiont  of 
the  committee  of  ways  and  m^ans  agreed 
to  by  the  houfe,  and  with  refpe^  ta 
tbt  fums  thereby  provided  for,  that 
can  at  prefent  b«  afcertained,  they  ftand 
as  follows  I 


Bxceft  of  the  provifiont  * 

Thus  it  appears  that  the  fum  total  of 
he  provifiont  made  by  this  flioft  (effion 
:onfiderably  exceed  the  grant9s  but 
hen  it  ought  to  be  confidered,  that  at 
n  the  preceding  year,  no  money  wat 
rranted  for  the  pay  and  cloathing  of  the 
nilttia,  the  whole  of  that  expence  wat 
o  be  paid  out  of  the  land  tax,  without 
tny  fum  of  money  being  granted  for  re- 
»Iaciiig  it ;  fo  that  if  we  dedu6l  150000!. 
vhich  had  been  in  former  feiHons  grant- 
:d  for  the  militia,  with  the  ufual  defi- 
icncet  of  th€  land  and  malt  tax€i» 


/. 

i. 

d. 

700000 
15»8568 
•1900000 
180000b 

0 

0 
0 
0 

.0 

0 
0 

0 

2250000 

70000 

40D000 

106358 

0 

0 

0 

17 

0 

0 
0 

0 

87546*6 

17 

% 

419180 

6 

6 

this  excefs  will  be  much  lefs  confidera- 
ble  than  it  ap^ars  at  6ril  fight. 
[To  be  contlnuid  in  our  nextJl 

To  thi  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 

On  the  Afcenjkn-Bod;  qfCbriJf. 

SIR, 

TH  £  letter  in  your  laft  Magazinfi^ 
figned  a  Country  Curate^   defervct 
notice.    It  it  Tcry  probable  there  may  be 
other  pent  employed  in  tfis  fiune  fd-vice 
4  C  a  mini 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


57? 


On  the  Afctnfion-B^ody  •/  Cbrift.  Nov, 

when  diveftod  of  every  foreiga 


mine  i»,  VI2.  attempting,  to  ^ive  a  folu- 
tion  of  the  a'jffioulty  Which  the  writer 
has  ahoi|t  tlie  touith  of  the  thirty-nine 
artists.  If  you  fliould  be  of  opinion, 
thjt  my  thoMghts  aie  deferving  of  a 
place  in  your  reputable  Magazine,  they 
lUre  at  your  fervice. 

'  I  <hould  fcar9edovbt,  but,  if  the  wn- 
ter  is,    in  tiuth,    ^  Country  Curate,    he 
^luft  have  confultcd  Biftiop  Burnet  upon^ 
the    ihrty  niije   articltR---who  fays,— 
««  As  to  the  manner  of  Chrift's  afccnfion, 
it  taalfo  queftioned  whethtr  his  body  as 
It  arcendcJ,  was.  io  wondct fully  charge^ 
as  to  put  on  the  iuMleiy  and  ptirityof  an 
ethennl  body  ;  pr  whether  it  re»ains  ftill 
the  fame  foi  m  in  heaven  th^it  it  had  on 
earth  i  or  if  it  put  oq  a  new  one  :    It  it 
iDorc  probable  that  it  did }    aad  that  the 
v-ondeiful  glory    that  appeared    in  hi^ 
countpnance   aqd   wl)olc    p^rfon   at  his 
transfiguration,    was  a  manifell  «ion  of 
that  more  permament  glory  to  which  i< 
%»as  to  be  afterwards  exalted,     It  feeini 
probable   from    what    St.    Paul     fays, 
i  Cor,  XV.  50.  that  Chrift'i  body  has  no 
j(n<  re  ihc  rood^.fifations  of  fltfh  and  blood 
in  ft  5    and  that  the  glory  of  the  celcC- 
tial  body  is  of  another   nature  and  tex- 
^uie  than  that  of  the  tcrreftiial.     It  is 
^afity  imagined  I  ow  this  may  be,  and 
i/n  ihr  body  be  numerically  the  fame  : 
fo.  all  matter  being  uniform,    and  capa- 
ble ut  all  fort  of  motion  •,  and  by  confc- 
qiienceof  being  either  much  g< offer  or 
much  purer,    the  fame  poition  of  matter 
that  rifade  a  thick  and  heavy  body  here 
on'eartli,  may  be  put  iti:othat  purity  and 
iin'enefs,  as  to  be  no  longer  a  fit  inhabi- 
tant or  this  earth,   or  to  breathe  this  air,^ 
but  to  be  mept  to  be  transplanted  into 
etfiViial  regions.**- -Had  the  Country  Qu- 
ra/e  read  tl.is  piece  of  reafonlng  of  the 
bilhop's  upon  the Xoid's  afcenfioq  body, 
be  might  havt  had  much  light  tjiiown 
upon  the  fubjt^i  of  his  inquiry.     Certain 
it  is,   that  the  hun^an  body  in  its  embrio 
ftate,   ihough  all  the  parts  are  contained 
in  the  animalcula,  yet,  it  is  but  a  point  f , 
A'l  the  openings  and  enlargements  are 
made  by  the  acceffion  of  foreign  mauer. 
But  the  radicals  of  an  human  bod^,  be* 
ing  fo  imperctptiJtly  (n.all,   as  not  to  (}e 
examined    but    by   a   fine   microfcope, 
what,  difficulty^  is  there  in  conceiving 


of  it, 

particle,  as  tiifBcientiy  rai;e,  and  ^ici« 
tual  \  perfeflly  tree  from  all  the  laws  of 
gravity  \  a  uiO)>er  veliide  for  an.  etUc-. 
rial  region  of  a^ipn  and  enjoyment. 

It  does  not  appear,  to  me,  al  all  rea- 
(bnable  to  luppo'e,  that  any  thing  would 
remain  in  the  aibended  body  of  CbriB, 
which  hid  the  nature  of  fl^  and  blood. 
This  is  bi((hJyimprobable  :  nay,  it  (hculd 
feem  impoffible  $  becaufe,  it  can  no 
more  be  liable  to  any  injurious  or  painful 
inipreOlons,  aifcflions,  or  paiTIons: 
Thofe  will  be  no  bufiger,  nor  iiur^,  nor 
nvearinifst  nor^ghi/ig,  nor  tgars.  And 
although  Jefus  rofe  wiib  the  fame  body, 
in  which  he  fuS*er«d,  yet  it  does  not  ap- 
pear, but  it  was  n^*  longer  liable  to  stny 
of  the  mechanical  laws  of  matter  be- 
longing to  tbis.fyilem.  He  eat  indeed, 
but  not  becaufe  he  was  hungry,  but  to 
offer  more,  familiar  and  forcible  convict 
lion  to  his  difciple*,  Xl^^J^  wanted  to  exa^ 
mine  his  body  {  they  did,  and  foand 
the  wounds  that  bad  been  made  in  it 
undofed.  Thomas  was  allowed  to  pot 
his  finger  into  the  holes^  made  in  hit 
{^ord's  handa  -that  transfixed  him  to  the 
crdisi  and  to  thruft  his  hand  into  th^ 
bole,  made  by  t lie  fpear  in  his  fide.-— 
There  was  then  no  fuch  thing  as  th% 
ufual  diaflolc  zt^^  Jjfiole  of  tbe  heart,  no 
circulating  flujd  in  the  veins  and  arteries^ 
•.--And  he  was  able  'to  pay  his  difciples 
a  vifit  when  met  together  in  a  room 
Yrith  the  doors  Iqci^ed,  without  allying 
the  uie  pf  the  key,  or  having  the  door 
opened  to  him.— -The  cofnmand  he  bad 
over  that  body  in  which  he  appeared 
whilft  wjth  his  difcipleSf  gave  evidence 
pf  its  being  no  longer  fubjcA  to  the  l^nri 
of  this  material  fyftem---and  it  is  to  be 
concluded,  that  the  body  he  ciriied  np 
into  heaven  with  Ixim,  was  no  moiv  a 
natural,  but  a  fpiritual  body.— I  might 
here  obferve,  by  the  way,  that 

The  memorial  bread  which  was  ap. 
pointed  to  reprefeiithis  body,  ct-.uld  on- 
ly vnfwer  the  end  of  fuch  a  fymbol,  be- 
eaufe  material  and  fVangihle,  and  tbe 
^  common  fupport  of  the  natuial  liCe,  ae 
Jtfus  is  of  thye  fpiritual  a|^d  moral  life.— • 
Eui  x%  pretend  that  biead  can  he  tran- 
fobjlantiated  into  ^^^  c^  body  and 
,  bipod  of  ^hftA,    bex^auie  he  had  onoi 


^.  tiere  IfrPP^^  i^f  Bijbop  mmldhi  undirfiood  U  mean  a  fajfivi  tapacity^  pfb^miag^ 
idl  forts  of  motion  gi'ven  tt, 

ilfl  rememhfr  aright ^  Proffffbr^l{^.metf(i9V  ^^fi  ^  fi  fmaUtbiU  300P 
Jk  o^^  tbf  brii^ik  of  Oft  bait. 


mom 


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iyB9. 


Ak  Use  F  ui  Hi  mt^ 


573 


vorn  a  body  ctpable  of  morality^  «was 
vade  in  tbt  likirufs  rffatfulJUJb^  can  by 
lo  means  be  confiltent  with  naiuie, 
eaiboy  or  the  truth  of  thingt.— But 
very  kind  of  abfurdity  is  found  where 
he  wild  opinion  of  tranfubftantiatioo  is 
:mbraced :  and  there  is  not  any  thing  too 
irild  and  'ridiculous  for  the  mafticauon 
if  a  good  catholic. 

A  City  Ministei.. 

r#    tbi   AUTHOR   #/  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 

An  uftfid  Hint  fir  Sine  Qua  — •. 

SIR, 

[N  your  Magazine  for  0£k>ber  1768. 
I  ^w  an  article  put  under  the  title  of, 
I  Proper  Cantion^  iq  the  title-page  ia- 
lex.  When  I  came  to  the  article  I 
bund  it  to  be  a  piece  of  advice  to  your 
eaders,  to  have  nothing  more  to  offer 
kbout  the  Trinity,  becaufe  it  is  of  fuch 
I  myfterious  nature.— -Dr.  Swift  is  then 
iteJ,  to  whom  the  people  are  referred 
or  faciifadion  from  his  frtfirifiion  fir 
Trimity  SunJajf-^l  have  read  his  fermon 
ipon  the  Trinity,  and  muft  confefs,  if 
erioufly  vnderftood,  (  never  yet  caft 
nine  eyes  on  a  more  ftupid,  unmeaning 
>erformance.  I  loft  all  patience  in 
eading  it,  till  I  b^gan  to  fufpe£^,  Le 
lefigned  to  burleique  the  abfurd  opinii>n. 
The  advice  I  would  hambly  offer,  as 
he  rooft  fafe  and  eife^lual  method  of 
ilencing  the  controverfy,  is,  that  all 
vould  ferioufly  confider,  that  the  Tri- 
lity  is  no  doArine  of  divine  revelation} 
or  to  us  chriitians  thrre  if  but  om  GoJ, 
^utn  the  Father  \  and  one  Lord,  e*ven  Je- 
us  Cbrifl»  See  John  xvii.  3.  £ph.  iv.  6. 
I  Cor.  viii.  6.— If  any  man  can  recon* 
rile  the  Athanafian  or  TritheifticaL 
chemes  with  thefe  texts— he  fliall  ba 
ireloome  to  inake  an  afs  of, 

An  Unitarian. 

To  she  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDOW 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

tN  the  prefent  conftitution  of  things 
fome  advantage  may  be  drawn  out  of 
;very  calamitv.  Abftra^ing  therefore 
From  the  loflfes  which  individuals  have 
'ufTered  by  the  fall  of  the  Fleet  prifon,  I 
Mnnot  help  congratulating  the  city  of 
London  upon  the  ruinous  ftate  of  that 
building,  as  it  afibrds  a  moft  favourable 
>pportnnity  of  forming  a  grand  ftrect  in 
I  dkc^  Use  from  the  fields  oa  the  north 


fide  of  the  town,  to  Blackfryan  brid^, 
at  a  very  fmall  expence,  or  rather  with 
the  profpe^l  of  raifmg  a  coniiderable  re- 
venue. 

This  new  ftrect  would  render  it  totally 
unnecefTary  to  remove  the  ^leet  market  ; 
and  by  being  carried  through  mean  aU 
leys  and  wafte  grounds,  the  new  ground 
rents  would  rile  to  fuch  a  v^ue  a» 
would  more  than  defray  the  expenctf 
of  the  puj'chafes  to  be  maide  for  forming 
it.  In  length  it  wouM  extend  above 
3000  feet,  reckoning  from  Lmlgate  Hill 
northwards,  ^^hich  on  the  I'uppofition  of 
twenty  feet  front  for  each  houfe,  would 
allow  three- hundred  new  houfes  on  both, 
fides  of  the  ftreet.  The  ground  rents 
of  thofe  houfes  in  fuch  a  great  thorough- 
fare as  that  new  ftreet  would  be,  would 
certainly  form  a  very  confiderable  capi« 
tal,  which  may  be  afcertained  by  thofe 
who  are  acquainted  with  the  ground  rente 
of  Newgate  Street,  Cheaphde,  or  any 
other  principal  ftreet  greatly  frequented. 
The  houfes  necefftiry  to  be  pulled  dowa 
may  eafily  be  numbered,  beginning 
with  one  or  two  at  the  eaft  corner  of 
Fiect  Diich ;  two  or  three  in  Ludgate 
Hill,  upw:trds  frons  AlbKy^s  punch houfei 
the  buildin;<s  of  the*  Fleet  prilbn^  ice. 
&c.  and  if  they  Zhou  1 J  even  exceed  fihf 
or  fixty  in  number,  I  am  perfuaded  it 
would  be  found  that  the  purchafe  of 
them  would  be  more 'than  balanced  by 
the  capital  that  might  be  raifed  upon  the 
ground  rents  of  the  new  ftreec  propofed, 
added  to  the  profits  arifing  from  the  Fleet 
market  which  ought  to  be  taken  into 
computation  as  the  new  ftreet  would  be 
the  means  of  prefrrving  them, 

I  fay  it  may  be  prefumed  that  thefe 
two  lums  would  be  more  than  equal  to 
the  expence  of  the  purchafe  of,  tlienoufet 
to  be  pulled  down  $  hut  (hould  they  even 
be  found  not  to  be  equal  to  that  expence^. 
the  furplus  ought  to  be  defrayed  by 
fome  other  fund,  rather  than  lofe  the  % 
elegance  and  convenience  that  would  re* 
fult  from  the^plan  propofed.  By  thif 
new  fireet,  which  would  probably  paft 
over  the  top  of  Snow  Hill,  the  afcent 
would  become  gradual  and  very  eafy  for 
carriages  $  whereas  (hould  an  openings 
for  a  communication  with  the  country^ 
he  attempted  at  the  top«of  Fleet  market* 
it  would  lead  to  no  turnpike  road  $  and 
the  aicent  in  the  end  would  be  fo  fteep 
as  to  render  tho  draught  to  carriages  ex- 
tremeljr  difficult.  In  the  prefent  cafe  1- 
think  it  i«  of  the  vlmoft  imponance 

carefoll/ 


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574 

carefully  to  cotifider  wfitt  it  beft  to  be 
doDCy  and  not  what  is  cheapeft  to  be 
done  J  for  the  expence  thougli  confider- 
able,  it  only  momentary  and  for  once ; 
but  the  convenience  it  perpetual;  and 
when  the  improvement  it  well  done  at 
£rft,  though  it  fliould  be  expenfively  done, 
yet  hundreds  of  convenienciet  are  con- 
se^ed  with  it  afterwardt,  and  it  it  the 
more  likely  to  raife  a  confiderable  re- 
▼enue.  Suppofmg  the  expence  of  buying 
up  the  houfet  to  form  ihc  avenues  to 
Weftminfter  fridge  had  been  ten  timet 
greater  than  it  really  wat,  I  aik  whether 
It  would  not  have  been  more  than  over- 
balanced by  the  prefent  convenience 
and  elegance;  or  whether  the  public 
would  now  chufe  to  have  back  the  o  d 
blind  aJleyt  and  ruinout  buildingt,  on 
condition  of  being  reimburfed  the  for- 
mer expence.  Thit  reirofpeflive  view 
may  afiift  us  in  oUr  deliberations  on  the 
prefent  fubjea  j  and  we  have  likewife 
before  our  eyes  the  elegance  and  advan- 
tage arifing  from  the  opening  from  Cha- 
ring Croft  to  the  Admiralty^  and  at 
Spring  Garden,  both  of  which  were  done 
under  the  inrpe6!ion  of  commiflionersy  I 
believe  without  any  charge  to  the  pub- 
lic. 

At  Dublin  within  thefe  ten  years  a- 
bove  an  hundred  lioufet  have  been  pul- 
led down  to  make  a  dire£l  avenue  to  Ef- 
fex  Bridge;  and  that  improvement  fo  far 
from  occafioning  any  loit,  either  to  indi- 
viduals or  the  public,  has  raifed  the  va- 
lue of  the  property  above  ten  fold.  In 
that  city  indeed,  and  fome  cities  on  the 
continent  that  I  could  name,  the  inhabi- 
tkntt  feem  to  be  fully  convinced  that  im- 
provements, when  judiciouHy  planned, 
can  hardly  be  too  dearly  purch  a  fed ;  but 
is  there  any  city  in  Europe,  or  on  the 
elobe,  that  can  vye  with  London  in  opu- 
lence ?  Should  the  improvement  there- 
fore which  I  have  propcfed  be  found  lo 
be  attended  with  elegance  and  conveni- 
ence, it  will  not  furely  be  rejected  on 
pecuniary  motives.  I  rather  perfuade 
Diyfelf  that  (hould  its  utility  be  plainly 
demonllrated  to  the  public,  thev  would 
be  ready  to  defray  the  expence  of  it  by  a 
voluntary  fubfcription,  at  in  the  cafe  of 
fire,  where  we  otten  find  the  lofTet  and 
damages  fuftained  by  individuals  allevr- 
ated,  if  not  wholly  compen fated  b;^  ge- 
nerous con  tribut tons.  We  have  feeii 
within  thefe  few  years  above  two  hun- 
dred hott(et  hive  been  bur^t  down  io 


!^  new  Street  propofei. 


Not: 


the  (kirts  of  London,  and  new  houfes 
quickiy  rifing  with  fplendor  from  th^r 
afhes ;  fo  that  the  wafte  made  by  the  de^ 
ftroying  fire  feemt  now  to  be  as  little  fe]^ 
as  would  a  hole  m-ide  in  a  riv^r  by  with- 
drawing  a  pailful  of  water.  By  attend- 
ing only  to  prefent  convenience  for  the 
Hike  of  fmall  expence,  and  by  having 
no  genera)  plan  in  view,  bow  often  hare 
onr  late  improvements  ferved  only  to  in- 
creafe  the  number  of  nuifaiicct.  The 
ruinous  fbte  of  the  Fleet  Prifon  afibrds 
us  a  mod  favouixible  opportunity  of 
avoiding  fuch  a  reproach,  on  die  prcfeot 
occaiion  in  fprming  the  north  ave«ue 
to  Blackfryars  Bridge;  therefore  it  is 
to  be  hoped  that  the  public  advantage 
will  npt  here  be  thwarted  by  the  tempo- 
rary inconveniences  that  m%y  arife  to 
fome  few  individuals. 

I  beg  leave  to  fubjoin  a  word  or  twe 
concerning  the  fouthern   avenues.    No 
prefent  inconveniences,    unlefs  they  be 
very  confiderable,  ought  to  prrvent  the 
weftern  avenue  from  going  directly  from 
th^  end  of  Black  fry ars  Bridge  to  the 
end  of  Wcflminfter  Bridge  by  the  (boit- 
f  ft  line  poflible,  that  is  by  a  /^^ait  line. 
This  fpace  isalmofl  wholly  vacant  ground; 
therefore  the  choice  of  the  diredion  of  the 
road  feems  to  be  free,  and  in  that  cafe 
it  would  be  fomewhat  unaccountable  not 
to  choofe  the  fhorted  diredion.     This 
road  may  be  80,  or  too  feet  broad,  and 
may  be  called  Grafton  Street,   or  The 
New  Strand  ;  for  it  would  foon  be  to  this 
fide  of  the  river,   what  the  Strand  is  to 
the  north  fide,  that  is,  the  (b*eet  of  chief 
communication,  lined  on  both  fiHes  with 
houfes  of  maniifaaurers  and  fhopkeepert. 
One  precaution  I  think  ought  to  be  at- 
tended- to  in  the  forming  of  this  ftreet, 
and  moft  of  the  other  new  flreets  in  St, 
Geofge*8  Fields,  namely,    to  make  the 
prefent  graft  the  cellar  floors,    and  \n 
raife  theparlour  floor,  15  or  10  feet  above 
the  prefent  furface,  by  which  mcana  a 
declivity  will  be  obtained  for  tbe  Jcom« 
mon  fhoret,  and  the  new  ftreett  vvitl  be 
as  healthful  as  any  othert  in  tbe   city% 
Suppofing  the  common  fewer  built  in  th^ 
middle  of  the  flreet,    which  ia    above 
named,  with  a  defcent  from  tbc^  end  of 
each  bridge  ta  the  middle  fpac^   vrhnts 
a  drain  may  be  made  to  the  Thaf»^ 
the  bn'ek  work  of  that  common  levm 
reckoning  on  the  outfide.  would  occO^ 
a  fpace  fix  feet  brOad,  and  ten-feet  f^l^ 
the  y^ole  leogtb  of  the  ftreer.     'Tbe 


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K I N  c*s  S  p  E  t  e  nr 


ellars  for  the  convenience  of  the  houfei 
h  both  Met  of  the  ftreet»  might  be 
tippofed  to  occupy  on  each  fide  1 5  feet 
trcadth  and  ii  feet  height,  confcquenily 
tiould  the  ftreet  be  aaualJv  i-aii^d  15 
eer,  and  be  80  feet  broftcfy  the  com- 
non  fewer  and  the  two  rows  of  cellars 
vould  occii[^y  a  full  third  of  that  fpace. 
The  expence  of  filling  up  the  other  two 
hirds  with  nibbifli  and  gravel  might  be 
lefrayed  by  the  proprietors  of  the 
loufes  on  both  fides  as,  by  the 
>1an  propofed,  they  will  be  faved  from 
he  charge  of  digging  for  cellars,  which 
ften  conies  to  more  than  the  caning  an 
tqual  quantity  will  amount  toj  and  here 
hey  will  probably  for  many  years  be 
mrdened  with  very  low  ground-rents. 

I  could  wifh  that  this,  or  fome  fuch 
>lan  might  be  puiTued  in  forming  the 
liicft  avenue,  or  ftreet,  from  Blackfriari 
bridge  to  Newing^on  5  and  as  the  Fleet- 
Won,  by  all  accounts,  rauft  be  rebuilt, 
et  it  be  rebuilt  on  one  fide  of  this  ftreet, 
mth  fpacious  areas  for  the  convenience 
)f  the  prifoners.  The  building  may  be 
t  fquare  divided  into  two  courts  appro- 
itiated  to  different  ranks  of  prifonerSy 
ind  what  is  called  the  Ruies  or  the  Libgr- 
its  may  be  a  row  of  houfiss  communica* 
ing  with  the  rtew  ftreet,  Grefiiam  college 
night  alfo  have  been  transferred  to  this 
iile  of  the  water,  where  it  would  not 
itive  been  confined  for  want  of  ground 
room  s  and  it  would  no  more  have  been 
I  difgrace  to  the  city  of  London  to  have 
contained  a  building  appropriated  to  the 
cultivation  of  the  fcience;,  with  fpacious 
2;ardens,  and  walks  fuited  to  an  acade- 
mic life,  than  to  be  the  feat  of  the  Royal 
Bocicty,  or  the  focicty  for  the  cultiva- 
tion of  Arts,  ManiifaAures,  and  Com- 
nerce. 

On  this  fide  of  the  water  likewife  may 
l^e  found  fpacious  room  for  other  public 
tiuildings,  particularly  for  thehofpital  in- 
tended to  be  builc  by  the  Free  Mafons; 
for  r  cannot  but  lament  that  fuch  a  re-  . 
fpe^able  (bciety,  who  ought  to  know 
betteif,  Ihould  contribute  to  render  this 
capital  more  irregular  by  adding  to  that 
cicrefcence  at  Marybone,  When  there 
was  no  bridge  over  the  river  Thames, 
it  was  natural  that  the  whole  of  the  city 
fHonld  be  fituated  upon  one  bank  $  but 
DOW  when  the  two  banks  communicate 
<"nth  each  other  by  no  ffefs  than  three 
bridges,  common  fenfe  would  feem  to 
^i^te,  that  the  oity  ftiould  at  near  as 
I 


575 

polfible  take  an  oval  form,  having  the 
noble  river  Thames  running  through 
the  middle  of  it.    I  am,  fir. 

Your,  &c. 

from  tbi  London  Gazette. 

H^e/hninfliTt  Novimtur  S. 

THIS  day  hit  majeftv  came  to  the 
houfe  of  peer9,  and  being  in  his 
royal  robet  feated  on  the  throffe  with 
the  ufual  folemnity.  Sir  Francis  Moly* 
neux,  jgentleman  uflier  of  the  Black 
Rod,  was  fent  with  a  meifage  from 
his  roajefty  to  the  houfe  of  commons^ 
commanding  their  attendance  in  the 
Hou£e  of  Peers,  '^he  Commons  be- 
ing come  thither  accordingly  his  ma- 
jetty  was  pleafed  to  make  the  following  , 
nioft  gracious  fpeech  i 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen , 
nrHE  opportunity  which  the  late, 
-^  general  ele£lion  gives  me  of 
knowing,  from  their  reprefentatives 
in  parliament,  the  more  immediate 
fenie  of  ray  people,  has  made  me  de* 
firous  of  meetinjg  you  as  early  as  could 
be  confiftent  with  your  own  convex 
nience. 

The  fliortnefs  of  the  laft  feftion  of  the 
late  parliament  prevented  their  profe* 
cuting  the  confideration  of  thofe  great 
commercial  interefti  which  bad  been 
entered  upon  in  the  preceding  feillon* 
You  will,  I  am  perfuaded,  a^rree  with 
nie  in  opinion,  that  your  deliberations 
oh  thole  very  important  obje6ts  ought 
to  be  refumed  without  lofs  of  time  ^ 
and  I  truft,  that  they  will  terminate 
in  fuch  meafurei,  as  may  be  produc- 
tive of  the  moft  confiderable  and  eften- 
tial  benefits  to  this  nation. 

It  would  have  given  me  great  fiitis- 
faftion  to  have  been  able  to  acquaint, 
you,  that  all  the  other  powers  of  Eu- 
rope had  been  as  careful  as  I  have  ever 
been,  to  avoid  taking  anv  ftep  that 
might  endanger  the  general  tranquili- 
ty. I  have  conftantly  received,  and 
do  ftill  receive,  from  them,  the  ftrong- 
eft  aftiirances  of  their  pacifick  difpon- 
tioiis  towards  this  country.  No  aflTu- 
rances,  however,  fliall  divert  my  con- 
ftant  refolution  ftedfaftly  to  attend  to 
the  general  interefts  of  Europe  $  noc  . 
fliail  any  confideration  prevail  upon  me 
tofuffer  any  attempt  that  may  be  made 
derogatory  to  the  honour  and  dignity  . 
ot  my  crov^n,  or  injurious  to  the  rights 
of  my  people. 

At 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


At  the  clofe  of  the  laft  piuiiamenty 
t  expreifed  ray  fatisfaf^ion  at  the  ap- 
pearances which  then  induced  me  to 
believe,   that  fuch  of  my  fubje^^t  as 
had -been   inUle4    ia   fome   {ftitt^  of 
jny  donMQioiit  were,  returning  to  a  juft 
fenfe  of  their  duty;    but  it  is  with 
equal  concern  that  I  have  iinte  feen 
that  ^irit   of   faction,    which  I  had 
hoped    was  well    nigh   extingui(hed| 
breaking  out  afrelh  in  fome   of  mv 
colonies   in    North    America  ^     vaiop 
in  one  of  them,  proceeding  even  to 
a6ft    of  violence,    and    of   refinance 
to  the  execution  of  the   law.     The 
capital  town  of  which  colony  appears, 
bv  late  advices,  to  be  in  a  ftate  of  dif- 
obedience  to  all  law  and  government  $ 
and  has   proceeded  to  meafures  Tub- ' 
irerfiye  of  the  conftitution,  and  attend- 
ed with    meafures   fubverfive^  of  the 
conftitution,   and  attended   with  cir- 
cumftances  that  mieht  raanifeft  a  dif- 
pofition  to  throw  on  their  dependance 
on    Ofeat  Britain.     On  my  part,    I 
have  purfued  every  meafure  that  ap- 
peared to  be  necemry  for  fupporting 
the  conftitution,.  and  inducing  a  due 
obedience  to  the  authority  of  the  !e- 
grilatnre.     You    may  rely  upon  my 
fteady  perfeverance  in  thele  purpofes  ; 
and  1  doubt  not  bur  that,  with  your 
concurrence  s^ud   fopport,   I  (hall  be 
able  to  defeat  the  mifchievous  defigtis  of 
thofe  turbulent  and  feditions  perfonSi 
who,  under  hlft  pretences,  have  but 
tao  fuccefsfuUy  deluded  numbers  of 
my  fubjeds  in   America  $  and  whofe 
pradices,  if  fuifered  to  prevail,  can- 
not fail  to  produce  the  moft  fatal  con- 
fequeiices  to  my  colonies  immediate- 
ly t  and,  in  the  end,  to  all  the  domi- 
nons  of  my  crown. 
Gentlemen  of  the  honfe  of  commons. 
The  proper  eftimates,   for  the  fer- 
vice  of  the  enfuing  year,  I  have  order- 
ed to  be  laid  before  you,  fully  relyinr^ 
on  your  readinefs  to  grant  me  the  ae- 
ceflary  (iipplies.    Indeed  I  caimot  have 
a  doubt  of  finding  in  this  houfe  of 
commons  the  fame  aff^ionate  attach- 
ment to  ray  perfon  and  govern  men  t* 
asl  have  alwaya  hitherto  experienced 
from  my  faitbnil  commons* 
.    My  Lords  and  gentlemen^ 

k  is  with  great  fatitfaaion  that  I 
Mwiind  myfelf  enaMed  to  rtjoice  widi 


Not; 

you,  upon  the  relief  which  the  poorer 
fort  of  my  people  are  now  enjoying, 
from  the  diftreis  which  they  had  n 
long  laboured  under  from  the  high 
pnce  of  com.  At  the  fame  time  that 
we  are  bound  devoutly  to  acknowi^ee 
in  this  inftance  the  |;raciout  interpob- 
tion  of  providence,  it  will  become  nt 
to  apply  the  beft  precautions  thaf 
human  wifdom  can  foggeft,  for  guard- 
ing; againft  the  return  of  the  late  cala- 
mity. In  the  choice  however  of  pro- 
per means  for  that  purpole,  yoa  can- 
not proceed  with  too  great  circura- 
fpedlion. 

I  have  nothing  further  to  recom- 
mend to  you,  than  that,  in  all  vour 
deliberations,  you  keep  up  a  (pint  of 
harmony  among  yourfelves.  What- 
ever dilterence  of  opinion  may  prevail 
in  other  points,  let  it  appear,  thai 
wherever  the  intereft  of  your  coontry 
if  immediately  concerned,  you  are  all 
ready  to  unite.  Such  an  example  from 
you  cannot  fail  of  having  the  hett  ef«» 
fe61s  upon  the  temper  of  my  people  in 
every  part  of  my  dominions  i  and  can 
atone  produce  (,that  general  union  a- 
roong  ourfelves,  which  will  render  us 
pfoperly  refpeded  abroad^  and  h^py 
at  home. 

^iJHoM  by  Mr.  Robert  Langley  rf  ffit- 
chin,  Hertford(hire« 

IHave  a  cylindrical  ciftem  in  my 
garden  Aanding  truly  horizontal, 
whofe  ufe  is  to  water  the  fame }  on 
November  19  in  the  morning,  being  ia 
latitude  5a*  north.  I  obferved  the  flia- 
dow  of  the  top  of  the  ciftem  faltinf 
oti  its  opposite  fide,  whofe  loweft  dii- 
tance  from  the  top  was  fix  inches  §  in- 
ftantiy  I  ordered  the  ciftem  to  be  fill- 
ed with  water,  and  then  found  tlie 
(hadow*t  loweft  diftance  from  the  top 
to  be  twenty  inches,  which  it  the 
depth  of  the  ciftem :  Required  the  dia- 
meter, and  content  of  the  fimie,  la 
ale  gallons,  and  aifi>  the  true  hoitr  of 
the  day  when  this  curioua  aftronoo^ 
obfervation  was  madef 

[EaaATtiM  in  your  Mae.  for  Sept. 
For  Btg,  in  the  Laaar  Sdiple  Typ^ 
read  End^'-^SQ^X 


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1768, 

To  the  AUTHOR    of  the 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

IBtrg  leave  to  make  a  fewcurfory  re- 
*  nuiks  un  A.  B's  cafe  of  the  Divine 
Leg.ition,  lad  April*.  I  am  obliged  to 
biiw  for  allowing  that  my  performances 

?romife  entertainment  to  your  readers: 
t  is  a   handrcmc   compliment,  and,  I 
fear,    an   undeferved  one.     But  pray, 
Mr.  A.  B.  ho>Ar  does  it  appear  tliat  I 
have   been  detected,    &c.    and   that  I 
now  feeiTi   to, be    better  reconciled  to 
t-l^c  f-icred  fundion  ?  You  refer,  I  fup- 
pufe,    to  the  letter  figncd  Feritas  ke- 
i;^r,'i,lall  September,  for  the  dete<5fibn  : 
^but,  if  what  I   aflertcd  laft  January, 
'▼iz.  that  the  charaflcr   I  fatirized  is 
the    reverfc    of   that    which    he    has 
drawn,  is  really  the  fa6l— what  be- 
comes   of    the  unjuftifiable    method, 
&c.  >  Suppofing  I  was  dctef^ed,  how 
would   this  better  reconcile  me  to  the 
facred  fuii6lion  ?  The  moralifts,  I  am 
told,    are  pofitive  that  fuch  a  detec- 
tion would  have  a  quite  different  ef- 
{tt\,  and    make  jnc  defend   my  error 
tooth  and  nail.     I  myfclf  have  obTcr- 
vcd    frequently  this  aflertion   juAitied 
by  the  behaviour  of  the  writers  againft 
tivrillianity — who,  whenever  they  have 
been    deteClcJ  in  any  groT«  blunders, 
OrunjuUiti;»ble  methods  of  inipofing  up- 
on tnc  credulity  of  their  readers,  have 
ai-ways  in  iheir  rejoinders  perfjfted  mott 
obUinately  in  their  errors  without  pay- 
ing the  le:»ft  regard  totheconfutation  : 
And  according  to  the  belt  calculations 
of  the  turn  of  the  paflions  it   is  great 
odds  that  I  fliould  have  done  the  l.*me. 
If  A.  B.  had  read  the  introduction  to 
the    firft   letter,    he  would,    I   fancy, 
have  feen   I    was    fairly   purfuing   the 
plan  there  laid  (^owni    and  have  Ipired 
his   fine  conj^d^ure.     His  next   words 
dcfcrve  a  mofl  profound  bow  j    "  And 
by  his   panegyrick  on  a  work  he  has 
raifed  from  oblivion.'*  What,  fir,  I— 
Y.  Z. — capaole  of  raifing  the  Divine 
Legation     from      oblivion  ?     A  vaunt 
truth  for  a   mbm'ent  — and  let  me  fay 
once  with  Horace,  fuhVwii  feriamficiera 
'vertice,     Alas  it  won't  do:  the  impe- 
rious goddef*  forces  me  to  fee  that  the 
Compliment  is  founded  on   a  miftake, 
and    bids  me  inform   A.  B.  that  the 
Divine   Legation  never  was  funk  into 
oblivion,  and  that  in  1765   an  edition 
of  It  in  five  volumes  was  publifhed,  and 
fold    off  fo  faft,  that  many  gentlemen 
Nov.  1768. 

•  Page  199. 


Keply  to  a  late  Charge. 
LONDON 


57* 


were  obliged  to  vtaif  for  a  new  im- 
prefTionof  the  firft  and  fecond  votumes. 
Its  fate  mull  be  odd  indeed,  if,  in  tht 
next  year,  whfcn  my  letter  was  writ- 
ten, it  had  been  configncd  to. the  flatc 
he  fuppofed.  I  hope  A.  B.  will  par- 
don me  for  fuppofmg  him  ignorant  of 
this  particular,  fince  it  is  the  bcft  con» 
flrudtion  I  can  put  on  his  all*  rtion.— • 

Well ^**  b'lt  by  my  ponegyrick  ori 

this  work  I  feem  to  point  out  aroad--- 
to  preferment.''  The  meaning,  I  take 
jr,  i^  that  rtie  bifhop  is  fo  fond  of  his 
admirers  that  he  ufes  ail  his  interell 
to  procure  them  preferment  i  that 
therefore  in  order  to  obtain  it  j  a  per- 
fon  need  only  lludy  the  Divine  Lega- 
tion, and  communicate  to  the  world 
the  pleafure  he  received  from  it,  that 
I  had  found  thecfHcicy  of  this  method, 
and  therefore  recommended  it  to  my 
pupil.  Alas,  my  friend,  1  am  not  fo 
happy.     I   prcfefs   raylclf  an  admirer 

of  the  b p,  ?4nd   am    proud   to  tell 

the  world  that  I  read  his  writingi 
with  great  pleafure,  and,  I  hope,  fome 
improvement,  biitit  is  not  my  fortune 
to  know  or  be  known  by  his  lordlliip. 
That  pleafure,  honour,  and  happincfs, 
is  referved  for  thofe  few  whom  nature 
and  fortune  have  ranked  among  their 
favourite  Tons.  I  v%ilh  A.  B.  could 
prove  to  me  that  the  method  of  get- 
ting preferment  he   mentions   was  as 

efficacious   as   it  is   agreeable ;    I 

ftiould  thfcn  always  have  the  Divine 
Legation  in  my  hand,  and  my  mouth 
open  to  the  ficies  for  preferment  to 
drop  into  it,  and  (liould  be  unkind  to 
my  fi  iends  if  I  did  not  advife  them  to 
do  the  fame.  But  what,  in  the  name 
of  goodnefs,  induced  A.  B.  to  drag  in 
preferment  head  and  (bouhlcrs  ?  Mow 
does  he  know  that  my  pupil  or  I  ever 
thought  of  it  ?  Serioufly,  fir,  is  ic  not 
illiberal,  and  unchliritable  to  infinuate, 
that  preferment  is  the  obj-fV  of  thofe 
who  write  in  defence  of  truth  and 
virtue,  when  they  happen  to  be  con-'* 
ne(Sled  with  gentlemen  ^f  particular 
intereft,  party,  or  principles  ?  Has  it 
not  fometimes  hurt  you  to  fee  this 
odium  always  thrown  upon  the  de- 
fcndcr«  of  government,  or  of  eftablifh- 
ments  in  church  and  lUtc  ?  Why  then 
did  you  make  ufc  of  fuch  an  unfair 
art  of  controverfy  ?  Can  you  fay  the 
caufe  of  truth  is  ferved  by  it  ?  Does  it 
give  your  readers  any  exalted  idea  of 

your  civility  or  ingenuity,  &c.  ? 

4  D  -  «  Why 


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576  DiTIME 

*«  Why  docs  Y.  Z.  introduce  the  Ox- 
ford Profcffor,  &c.  ?" The  Oxford 

Frofeflbr  had  given  the  world  his  fen- 
timents  $  and  A.  B.  knows  the  world 
claim  a  right  to  fpeak  theirs  ;  why 
not  introduce  hira  then  ?  If  there  is 
any  mark  or  intimation  of  derifion  in 
giving  that  gentleman  the  fame  title 
by  which  he  cbofe  to  diftiiigui(h  him- 
ftlf,  I  fincerely  beg  his  and  all  your 
readers  pardon  :  his  great  parts  and 
learning,  and  mod  amiable  character, 
as  well  as  his  high  ftation,  ought,  in 
my  opinion,  to  'exempt  him  from  all 
treatment  of  that  kind.  If  my  intro- 
ducing him  tends  to  revive  a  conten- 
tion. It  is  a  confequence  not  intended 
or  forefeen,  but  apt  to  fpring  from 
free  literary  debate,  to  which  A.  B. 
can  be  no  foe.  I  fincereiy  wi(h  with 
him  that  the  two  mo(t  learned  bifhops 
may  be  united  in  the  fame  judgment, 
and  fliould  be  really  forry  to  ict  any 
more  literary  fquabbles  between  them. 
I  hope  the  candid  will  allow,  that  I 
cxprefled  my  thoughts  with  regard  to 
their  difpute  with  decency  and  refpe6^. 
A.  B.  proceeds.  *'  As  a  caution  there- 
fore" pray  how  is  that  werd  therefore 
introduced  ?  perhaps  it  is  an  expletive. 
The  caution  againfl  pronouncing  dog- 
matically is  a  very  good  one  :  A.  B. 
has  my  thanks  for  ir,  although  I  am 
not  confcious  of  having  given  occafton 
►for  it  by  any  thing  I  have  written  on 
the  point  in  quelHon.  I  would  beg 
leave  to  inform  that  gentleman  what 
I  have  and  what  I  have  not  written 
concerning  it.  He  apprehends  that  I 
have  entered  into  the  difputes  which 
the  leadmg  principles  of  the' Divine 
Legation  have  occafioned,  and  writren 
a  profefTed  vindication  of  them.  But 
this,  I  afTure  him,  was  never  in  my 
thoughts.  The  biihop  has  defended 
them  himfelf.  And  as  I  have  not  the 
prefumption  to  imagine  I  could  de- 
fend them  better,  I  would  not  injure 
the  caufe  by  defending  them  worfe. 
My  defi^n  was  to  remove  fome  very 
idle  t>re}udices  concerning  the  llile, 
compofrtion,  and  nature  of  the  work, 
which  I  knew  had  prevented  many  in- 
genious young  fellows  from  reading  it. 
I  did  not  pteiume  to  decide  dogmati- 
cally on  the  difputed  points,  but  was 
defirous  that  gentlemen  of  learning 
and  •  capacity  (hould  read  and  judge 
for  themfelves.  A.  B.  goes  farther, 
enters  into  the  merits,  and  brings 
Mofes  tp  his  trial.    I  am  p  leafed  with 


Legation  Nov. 

his  mention  of  a  trial— —becaufe  it 
gives    me   a    proper  opportunity    to 


inform  him,  that  the  bifhop  has  fub- 
mitted  his  caufe  to  the  examination 
of  two  noble  lawyers,  who  have  in  a 
very  eminent  manner  adorned  two  of 
the  molt  famous  courts  in  the  workL 
One,  the  late  Lord  Hardwicke.    The 

other  I  (hall  not  name both  becaufe 

It  is  unneceflTary,  flnce  every  one, 
who  knoMs  the  world,  will  naturally 
turn  their  eyes  t£  him,  and  alfo  be- 
caufe I  would  not  give  A.  B.  room 
again  to  accufe  me  of  writing  for  pre- 
ferment. **  Mofes  is  now  on  his  trial. 
Sirs  }  and  the  Divine — N.  B.  Aulbsr, 
his  counfel  is  fuppofed  to,^*  &c.  Nov 
pray,  A.  B.  what  right  have  you  to 
fuppofc  that  the  Div.  Author  offers  a 
whimfical  plea,  &c.  ?  Is  not  this  a  kind 
of  beggarly  petitio  principii  ?  Is  it  not 
taking  upon  yod  to  decide  very  dornia- 
tically  in  a  difputed  point  ?  Is  n  not 
a  ftrong  proof  of  that  weakne(isof  oar 
nature  which  makes  us  negle£l  the  good 
advice  wc  give  ?— Where,  fir,  was  yonr 
civility  or  good  nature  gone  when  you 
wrote  the  hard  words  Helluo  Librorum^ 
&c.?  Did  I  treat  the  Oxford  Pr^fcffar 
in  fo  exceptionable  a  manner?  or  can 
you  ferioufly  think  the  bishop  ought 
to  be  fb  treated?  Pluck  the  beam  out 
of  ycur  eye,  my  friend,  and  know 
yourfelf.^  To  proceed  with   the  alia- 

fion -The  bifhop  has  been  attacked 

by  many  able  counfellors,  believers 
and  dcilts.  Srebbing,  Middleton,  Pe- 
ters, Bolingbroke,  Voltaire,  and  many 
others,  have  fet  the  retorted  argu- 
ments  of  A.  B's  counfel  in  the  (Irongeft 
light  polTible.  And  the  bifliop  has  re- 
plied to  them  with  fo  much  fpirit,  and 
to  llrong  an  appearance  at  leaft  of 
truth,  that  A.  B.  feems  not  to  have 
jull  grounds  for  deciding  pohrivcly 
againit  him.  His  triumph  oa  the  oc- 
casion  feems  vtvy  much   to  refemble 

the  French  Te  Deums. A.  B.  if 

he  writes  for  truth,  will  be  glad  to  be 
informed  of  a  particular  in  which  he 
feems  ignorant,  viz.  that  the  bilhop 
did  not  firft  broach  the  doctrine  of  the 
omiffion.  He  found  it  employed  \xf 
the  deifts  as  a  deadly  argument  again^ 
Mofes,  which  his  friends  thought 
could  not  be  got  over  b\it  by  denying 
its  truth..  The  billjop  undertakes  to 
admit ///truth,  and  confute  the  deaft 
on  his  own  principles  :  which,  if  the 
omidion  is  real,  he  certainly  has  done. 
If  it  is  not.re;d,  the  divines  are  at  b- 

bcrty 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


[y68. 

wrty  to  confute  .the  deifts  in  their  own 
ny. 

This  anfwer,  I  am  fenfible,  requires 
til  apology  i  and  perhaps  my  motive 
jir  writing  it  may  be  thought  a  good 
(fte.     Your  readers  cannot  but  have 

S)fervcd,  that  it  has  been  the  fate  of 
I  books  of  note,  which  contain  any 
hing  out  of  the  common  way,  to  have 
►een   attacked,    not   only   in    formal 
reatifcs   written  by  men  of  learning 
ind    capacity    in    the   way  of  reafon 
ind  argument,  but  alfo  by  i>urabcrlefs 
cr  ibblers,  who  vent  their  fpleen  againft 
t  in  news  papers,  and  the  like  pubti-' 
rations.     To  anl'wer  the  former  feems 
he  duty  of,  and  proper  employ  for, 
he  autijor.     This  the  bifliop  has  done. 
Silt   is  he  to  wade  his  time  about  the 
attcr  ?  This  he  would  not  do.  No  one 
urely  would  fuhjedl  him  to  fuch  drud- 
gery.    I  believe  all  good  judges  are  of 
>pinion,  "  that  in   thefe  times,  when 
be   mod  ferious   matters  relating    to 
rhurch  and  ftate,  are  treated  of  in  lan- 
guage fo    petulant,    debauched,    and 
/uigar,    that  it  is  impoHTible    not   to 
Iread  the  approach  of  a  general  corrup- 
ion,   as  well  of  the  purity  and  integri- 
:y  of  the  language,   good  feature,  good 
humour,  and  modclt  converfition,  as 
:>f  ihc  good  manners  of  the  nation.  We 
DUght  to  lament  the  want  of  the  cau- 
ion  and  prudence  which  was  obferved 
vhen   this   kind  of  unruly  fpirit  firft 
)rokc  out  in  the  time  of  Martin  Mar- 
>rclate---who   had  a    contribution   of 
elts,  fct  offs,  and  comical  inventions 
►rought  t6  him,  by  all  the  p.irty  who 
leiircd  to  expofe  the  church,    and  the 
•overnmcnt  of  it,  to  the  contempt  and 
:orn  of  the  loofe  and  rude  people.    It 
/as  not  worthy  of  any  ferious  man  to 
nter  the  lids  with  fuch  adverfaries,  or 

0  take  notice  of  their  pamphlets;  liut 
len  of  the  fame  claflts,  of  the  fame 
^jiknefs  of  wit  and  fancy,  and  of  ho- 
eder  principles,  were  the  champions 

1  that  quarrel.  Thorn.  Na(h  was  at 
^ell  known  an  author  in  thofe  days, 
»  lyiartin,  who  with  pamphlets  of  the 
I  me  kind  and  fize,  with  the  fame 
ert  buffoonry,  and  with  more  fait 
id  cleanlinefs,  rendered  that  libel- 
ous and  feditious  crew  fo  contempti- 
le,  ridiculous,  and  odious,  that  in  a 
tort  time  tbev  vaniflied  and  were  no 
lore  heard  of.    What  was  urged,  or 


D  E  F  EN  t)  E  D. 


577 

infinuated  by  any  men  of  difcretion 
and  underftanding,  that  might  make 
any  imprefTion  upon  fobcr, ,  unwary, 
and  miiinformed  men,  was  carefully 
and  learnedly  anfwcred  by  perfons 
afligned  to  that  pufpofe,  that  the 
church,  or  the  ftate,  might  not  under- 
go any  prejudice  by  want  of  feafona- 
ble  advice,  without  min^lin?  any  of 
the  others  froth  or  dreps  in  their  com- 
pofitions,  which  they  left  to  the  chaf- 
tiferaent  of  thofe  who  could  as  dex- 
troufly  manage  the  fame  weapons, 
and  were  fitter  for  their  company  j  ana 
grave  and  ferious  men,  or  they  who 
ought  to  be  grave  and  ferious,  (hould 
be  afraid  of  imitating  fuch  adverfariet 
in  their  licence  and  cxcefles,  left  they 
fhould  get  into  a  fcofting  vein,  which 
they  {hould  not  eafily  (hake  off,  or 
lofe  their  credit  with  worthy  men,  for 
difhmouring  the  caufe  they  maint^n 
ironically.** 

This  curious  anecdote  (which  I  be- 
lieve is  new  to  moft  of  your  readers} 
lies  fo  open  to  ridicule,  that  I  muft 
beibeak  the  favour  of  the  candid,  by 
defiring  them  to  read  it  with  ^11  the 
allowances  they  ufually  make,  and  to 
believe  that  I  take  no  part  of  Tho. 
Nafh*s  charafter  to  myfelf,  but  his 
^ood  intentions  and  zeal  for  the  caufe 
in  which  he  was  engaged,  and  do  not 
mean  to  apply  the  har(b  terms  by 
which  his  opponents  are  chara6terized 
to  all  the  fcribblers  againft  the  Divine 
Legation  ;  I  aflure  A.  B.  I  do  not  apr- 
ply  them  to  him.  The  hift  fentence  in 
his  letter  induces  roe  to  efteem  him  a 
friend  to  reli^on.  As  fuch  I  love 
and  honour  him,  and  hope  he  will 
believe,  that  as  I  intended  no  harm  t6 
religion  in  what  I  faid  of  the  Divine 
Legation,  fo  I  am  fully  perfuaded  re- 
ligion can^  receive  no  harm  from  it. 
If  any  gentleman  thinks  this  paper 
worth  his  perufal,  he  will  be  pleafed 
to  read  A.  B*t  paper  with  it.  This 
is  as  nece/fary  for  entering  into  the 
fpirit,  as  the  SpefVator  tells  us  it  is 
CO  have  a  muiical  inftrument  in  one's 
hand  during  the  perufal  of  Hurlo* 
thrumbo.  I  need  not  inform  the  ca- 
pable reader,  that  this  anfwer  (though 
It  takes  up  perhaps  too  much  room) 
is  rather  a  (ketch  than  a  full  and  re. 
gujar  reply, 

Your'f,  &c.  Y,  Z. 


4l> 


To 


Digitized  by  VjQOQ IC 


578  Cafe^  en  the  AEl  agaivft  propbane  Szvearhg. 

To  tbt  AUTHOR  V  tb£  LONPON 
MAGAZ*liE, 
S  I  R. 

1  Cannot  excufe.myfclf  from  the  fpe- 
cial  infUncc  and  icqutft  of  a  friend 
with  whom  I  aqp  extremely  well  ac 
quaintcd,  and  wj{h  1  were  more  To, 
to  recommend  thii  to  public  notice. 
In  doing  fo,  1  cannot  chule  but  urge 
in  the  favour  of  my  friend,  that  he 
has  appeared  in  your  Mag«zine  many  »  right  to  inicrpret  the  lenfc  of  the  sd 


Nov. 

only  {  upon  this,  I  urged  to  the 
magiftrate,  who  had  the  ^.St  open*J 
upon  tli^e  place  in  his  hand  (pointing 
to  the  pafiagc)  that  I  all  alon^  ccu- 
ceivcJ  the  penalty  to  be  two  (hillir.^ 
each  oath  \  no,  he  faic!,  ir  m;is  but  r«o 
(liillings  for  all  the  oaths  he  fworc  that 
day,  and  if  he  fwore  the  next  day,  the 
penally  \*ould  he  double,  and  fo  foiii^. 
Now  (fays  my  friend)    as   I   had  no 


times  incog,  and  hopes,  that  as  you 
have  oftfn  carried  him  into  the  world 
unfceri  upon  general  and  impartial 
fubJeSs,  you  will  now  give  him  leave 
to  telJ  his  own  tale  through  the  medium 
of  my  repreicutation. 

Yo*i  are  to  kuow  then,  that  my 
friend  exerts  himlelf  with  uncommon 
applicarbn  in  the  fupport  of  virtue, 
the  fupprefTion  of  vice,  and  the  relief 
of  the  indigent  in.  that  part  of  the 
wbrld  which  lies  within  the  little  circle 
of  his  influence,  his  pariih  \  and  hav- 
ing no  avocation  b)  wife  qr  family  to 
rfraw  him  olf  from  the  purfuit  of  hit 
publick   duty,  I  affure  you  he  dedi- 

cates  a  great  part  of  his  time  to  it 

he  U  known  to  do  foj  and  does  often, 
when  alone,  wrap  himlelf  up  in  the 
thought  that,  howfoever  he  may  fac- 
eted in  his  dcfignt  on  the  part  of 
•thers,  yet  |us  labours  (hall  not  be  in 
vain  with  rpfpeft  to  himfelf.In  this  pub- 
lie  difpofal  of  himlelf  he  encountered 
a  very  ugly  and  difficult  impcdimtnt, 
which  at  hi«  requcft  I  have  prevailed 
upon  myfelf  to  give  you  in  his  own 
words. 

'*  I  had  occafion  lately  to  convift  a 
profligate  fellow  of  prophane  fwearing, 
the  tenor  of  the  information  running 
thus  :  I,  A.  B.  &ic,  make  oath,  that 
C.  P.  in  the  public  itreet,  at  fuch  a 
particular  place,  at  noon  «Jay,  in  the 
hearing  of  feveral  people  pad^ng  and 
repafling,  with  a  loud  tone  of  voice, 
/wore  tv^elve  prophane  oaths,  in  thii 
form  of  words*  each  oath— -here  the 
oath  is  mentioned. 

1  am  fure,  he  fwore  not  fewer. thaii 
a  hundred  times,  but  I  deemed  the  in- 
formapon  of  twelve  enough  for  pu- 
liifhmcnt,  not  doubting,  but  that  (as 
jhc  convifk  bimfclf  owned  he  expe6lcd) 
his  ptralty,  as  being  above  the  degree 
fif  a  comiuon  labourer,  would  amount 
%o  il.  4  s.  iuftead  of  this  the  magi- 
ftrate  upon  his  conviflion  fentenced 
j]il^  to  the  penalty   of,  two  ifulliiiigS 

i 


in  a  judicical  and  decretory  way,  wh.ch 
W3S  the  province  of  the  magillratc,  I 
did  not  chule  (particularly  is  Icveral 
people  were  in  the  room)  to  difpute 
nis  fenfe  of  it  in  that  place,  and  ac- 
quielced  in  his  decifion,  till  I  had  z\\ 
opportunity  of  reviewing  tbe  a^,  which 
appears  to  mei  and  to  feveral  feniible 
perlbns  of  my  actjuaintance,  to  be  am- 
biguous enough  to  admit  of  the  penal- 
ty both  ways,  e*ther  as  fo  luuch  an 
o?.th,  or  as  16  much  for  the  lime  of 
fwearing.  I  appeal  to  the  ^St  itfelf  j 
viz.  **  If  any  pcrfon  (hall  profanely 
curfe  or  fwear,  and  be  thereof  con- 
victed on  the  oath  of  any  one  witnefs 

before  any  one  juftice or  hy 

the  confedion  of  the  party  ofl'tnding, 
every  pcrfon  fo  offending  (hall  forfeit 
and  lofe  the  refpe^live  fums  herein 
after  mentioned;  viz.  Every  day  la- 
bourer, &c.  IS.  Every  other  perfoo 
undcf  the  degree  of  a  gentleman,  is. 
And  every  perfon  of  or  above  the  de- 
gree of  a  gentleman,   53." 

In  this  palfage  the  penalty  of  ts.  an 
oath,  does  not  appear  to  be  literally 
enafted  j  nor  docs  the  form  of  con- 
vi(5kicn  to  be  filed  by  the  cleik  of  the 
peace  among  the  records  of  the  coun- 
ty, contribute  any  more  than  the  termi 
of  the  above  cited  pafTagc  to  afcertain 
or  bound  the  inflidion  of  the  penal, 
ty.  No  other  pafl'agcs  in  the  whole 
zSt  are  thefe,  which  can  at  ail  eluu- 
date  the  ambiguity/' 

Other  circuq[iftances,  fays  my  friend, 
occurred  in  tl^e  courfe  of  this  private 
^onvi6lion,  which  it  were  invidious  as 
^^t\\  as  infigniflcant  to  mention  j  and, 
to  fay  truth,  not  to  the  purpofc  of  my 
troubling  you,  Mr.  Printer,  and  the 
public,  with  this,  w|?icb  was  to  Uy  be- 
fore you  the  foUowii  g  queries  upon 
|he  cafe  : 

I.  When  a  man  maj^  fwear  five  hun- 
dred oaths  in  a  day  for  a  (billing,  is 
not  this  an  encouragement  to  a  pro- 
phane wretch  to  fwcar  in  triufpph  ra^ 

tjier 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Shrewd    Q^i 


176  J. 

thcr  than  a  difcouragemdnt  of  the 
prai5^ice  ? 

2.  To  what  purpofe  do  we  read  it 
^uaiteHy  in  our  churches,  when  the 
frtttorcement  of  it  is  annulled  by  this 
very  ambiguity  ? 

3.  Is  this  flender  penalty  confident 
with  the.  preamble  of  the  a6V,  rcpre- 
fenting  the  vice  as  borridt  impious ,  and 
*>rophane,  and  pro'voking  the  diinne  *ven- 
{eance  to  increafe  the  many  calamities 
hefe  nations  nonu  labour  under  ? 

4..  Wbereeu  the  laws  noiv  in  being 
[fays  the  preamble)  for  pu/rijbing  tbefe 
-rimes  have  not  anjhvered  the  intents^ 
or  fwhich  they  ivere  dejignedy  by  means 
if  difficulties  attending  the  putting  fuch 
^aijus  in  execution^  Pray,  does  this  ambi- 
guity, which  follows  in  the  very  fame 
f>aragrsph,  contribute  to  remove  thefe 
iifficultics  ?  gather, 

5.  Suppofe  a  mngif^rate  is  Inclined 
ro  private  favour,  may  he  not  apply 
It  as  a  lenitive,  or  a  corrofive,  ,  as  he 
pi  cafes  ? 

6.  Were  an  a6lion  upon  the  ftatute  in 
his  cafe  brought  into  the  King*s  Bench, 

jpon  the  legal  previous  notice  of  one 
nonth,  may  not  the  magiftrate  in  this 
ime  prevent  by  the  offer  of  a  com- 
3enfation  (provided  upon  an  after  view 
:he  convidtionfhall  appear unju(tifiable) 
he  opportunity  of  gaining  the  fenfe 
>f  the  King's  Bench  upon  the  cafe  } 

7.  Should  the  informer  refufe  this 
>ffer,  and  proceed  according  to  Jaw, 
nay  not  the  court  decree  this  refufal 
in rearonable,  and  give  the  magiftrate 
loublft  coils  notwi(hftanding  ? 

It  cannot  but  be  efleemed  too  con- 
emptuous  a  treatment  of  an  able  and 
ifHduous  magil^rate,  mature  in  age  as 
n  experience,  to  call  him  to  account 
or  a  miftake  of  the  meaning  of  one 
►f  the  moft  notorious  afts  affecting 
he  interefts  of  virtue,  and  the  obfer- 
'3tion  of  the  world:  You  muft,  fir, 
i  i;h  every  man  of  candour,  and  my- 
<»lf,  deem  it  an  ii)dignity  to  his  au- 
hority,  as  well  as  an  affront  to  his 
[ifcernment.  For  a  magiitrate  of  this 
Jiara^lcr  muft  be  a  pr::et rating  judge 
9  well  of  the  private  intereJIs  of 
119  neighbours  as  of  their  public  rights 
fid  liberties :  My  friend  therefore 
ubonitted  the  decifion  of  his  cafe  with 
pen  deference  indeed,  but  with  im- 
licit  conviction  5  and  hopes  that  all 
cciirfed  ambiguities,  dcftru6tivc  of 
morality,  and  cvafive  of  the  intent  of 


U  E  R  1  E  S.  579 

thofe  laws  that  enforce  it,  will  neither 
now  nor  ever  be  overlooked  by  that 
only  authority,  which  is  intrufted 
with  their  eftablifhment  and  review. 
To  the  wifdom  of  this  authority  I 
fubmit  my  enquiry.  Abundantly  fa- 
tisfied,  if  it  fhould  prove  fo  fortunate, 
as  either  to  engage  the  ferious  regard 
of  any  part  of  that  auguft  council,  or 
expole  to  the  due  notice  of  my  country 
any  pofftble  perveritons,  or  evafions, 
in  interpreting  the  institutions  of  ita 
government. 

If  this  (hort  inquifitive  eflay  is  worth 
the  eye  of  the  world,  be  it  fo  j  if  nor, 
*twill  be  no  wonder,  fince  it  is^  but  the 
imperfedl  effort  of 

Your,  &c, 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

DO  CTOR  Cook's  query,  (p.  471. 
of  your  laft)  is  this  ;  «*  Why  do 
the  (hadows  of  bodies,  mornine'  and 
evening,  from  the  rifing  to  the  letting 
fun,  appear  of  a  bloifli  colour  ?" 

In  anfwer  to  this,  it  is  certain,  that 
upon  every  folar  (hade  no  diredt  rayt 
can  fall  from  the  luminous  body,  and 
therefore  all  the  light  it  receives  muft 
be  by  reflection.  Now  this  reflection 
will  appear  differently  as  the  different 
objects  from  which  it  is  derived  :  If  in 
the  middle  of  a  plain  in  a  clear  iky,  a 
faintifli  blue,  or  indigo,  appears  in 
the  (hade  ;  this  mutt  be  afcribed  to  the 
reflection  of  the  azure  from  the  blue 
aether.  If  the  clouds  refleCt  any  light 
upon  it,  the  hue  of  the  fliadewill  be 
altered  accordingly  ;  if  there  are  thick 
cloud*,  and  they  refleCt  no  light  at  all, 
thefe  by  interfering  between  the  Iky 
and  the  place  of  obfervation,  will  of 
co.'irfe  render  the  (hade  in  that  place 
more  gloomy.  If,  yet  farther,  the 
fcene  of  the  fhadow  (hould  happen  to 
he  among  circumjacent  objeCts  project- 
ing from  the  furface,  as  of  buildings, 
&c.  it  is  very  obvious,  that  their  en- 
lightened furfaces  will  refleCt  the  fun- 
(hine,  and  alter  the  hue  of  all  thofe 
fhades  which  lie  expofed  to  this  re* 
fleCtion. 

Now  that  thofe  (hades  do  not  appear 
of  a  brighter  colour  than  bluifh,  is  rea- 
fonable  enough  to  conceive  from  the 
fniall  number  of  rays  which  thefe  re- 
flections afford,  and  which  therefore 
can  appear  only  as  the  weaktft  of  the 

primary 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


580       PFhy  Morning  and  Evening  Shadows  appear  bluijb.     Nov. 


primary  colours.  From  tnc  fame 
caiifes  it  happens  that  the  diltdnt 
ridges  of  lulls,  and 

'*  Mountains  tadiflc:  to  aerial  blue,** 
K.BAT*S  Fer-Ney. 
affume  this  colour,  when  the  fun  does 
Aot  fl)ine  upon  them— and,  at  great  di(- 
tances*  even  when  it. does,  becaule  in 
this  cafe  the  reflex  rayt  iffiiing  from 
thefe  prominencies  are  fuflbcaced  in 
their  palTage  through  the  atraofphere, 
and  not  ftrong  enough  to  reach  us. 

In  order  to  throw  a  farther  light 
upon  this  doctrine  of  the  (hide,  let  me 
exemplify  the  fea,  which  every  failor 
knows  to  be  no  more  than  a  fine  and 
^rong  fpfculum  of  the  flcy,  variegated 
with  clouds  of  dillerent  hues,  and  ap- 
bearing  all  in  their  proper  anglj  of  re- 
flection to  the  fpeclator's  eye  :  Such  an 
extenOve  refledlion  of  nature  as  this, 
would  appear  very  entertaining  to  a 
fpe£lator  placed  at  a  conliderable height 
in  the  atmofphcre.  Farther,  the  fea 
appears  much  blutr  in  fo  oblique  a 
profpeft  of  it  a*:  from  the  fdrface  of 
the  earth,  or  in  the  extremity  of  its 
profpe6t  from  a  ftiip  at  lea,  than  in  ei- 
ther of  thefe  cafes  to  a  more  downright 
view  ;  bccaufe  the  blue  making  rays 
arife  in  greater  plenty  to  the  fjght  that 
way  than  the  other. 

In  fhort  the  impreflion  of  colour  be- 
ing not  inherent  in  bodies  and  no 
more  than  a  fecondary  quality,  the 
furface  of  every  body  receives  a  hue 
agreeable  to  the  rays  refle6ted  upon  it  ^ 
as  is  obvious  in  a  thoufand  inftances 
as  well  with  refpeCt  to  the  (Irongcr  as 
the  weaker  of  the  feven  primary  co- 
lours. It  was  thus  the  fair  quaker,  in 
the  late  mafquerade,  affe6^ed  to  owe 
obligations  to  the  foft  enchanting  co- 
lour of  the  filk  (he  wore— the  very  idea 
of  its  faint  maiden  blufli  refle£itd  \xp6t\ 
the  fenforia,  (Iruck  with  ii  s  rays,  as 
ftrong  concuflions  as  the  innocence  of 
her  looks,  or  the  brightnefs  of  her 
beauty. 

Well,  Sir,  I  (hall  blu(h  myfclf,  to  be 
convinced  tiiat  I  have  here  been  work- 
ing in  gloom  and  (hade;  but  allure 
you,  I  %all  not  (land  in  my  own  light 
io  much,  as  not  to  acknowledge  the 
illumination,  (hould  any  one  elfe  of 
your  corrcfpondcnts  throw  a  better 
lultre  upon  the  (liade  before  us. 

One  more  refinement,  and  I  have 
done— -*if  my  defcripiivc  explanation 


(l)ould  be  wrong,  it  is  like  the  reflec- 
tion of  light  I  ffeak  of,  corrupted 
with  talfc  and  foreign  diefj  if  right, 
it  cannot  but  elucidate  the  fubjed, 
anc!  (hew  it  in  its  proper  colours  \  ior^ 
**■  Falfe  eloquence,    like  the  prifou* 

tick  glaGs, 
It's  gaudy  colours  (heds  oq    every 

place  i 
But  true  expreiTion,    like  th*  un-<^ 
dunging  fun,  [upon  ;  I 

Cleai-s  and  refines  whatever  it  (hines  > 
It  gilds  all  objects,    but  it  alters  I 
none*  J 

E/ptj  ca  Crit. 
Dorfct,  Vours, 

Oc>.  at,  1768.  Clericu$. 

P.  S.  Qj^acre,  what  appearance  would 
the  fun  have  to  a  fpeCtator  placed  en- 
tirely Out  of  the  atmofpherc  of  the 
earth  j  *nd  affiirn  alfo  the  caufesof  fach 
appearance  ?  H^  his  is  a  very  cafy  pro- 
blem, but  it  may  araufe  fome  of  your 
young  readers,  who  are  fond'  of  the 
dodrine  of  light  and  colours. 

Fro/ft  the   New-York    Gazette  sf 
Monday,  Sept.  x6,  1768. 
BOSTON,  September  19. 
At  a  Meeting  of  the  Freeholders,  and 
other  Inhabitants  of  the  Town  of 
Bodon,  legally  qualified  and  warned 
in  public  town  meeting  aiTembled  at 
Faneuil  Hall,    on  Monday  the  nth 
of  September,  A.  D.  1768. 
The  Meeting  was  opened  with  Prayer 

by  the  Reverend  Dr.  Coopee. 

The  Honourable  James  Otis,    Efqj 

was  unanimoudy  chofen  Moderator. 

TH  £  petition  of.  a  confiderable 
number  of  the  refpedable  inhabi- 
tants to  the  fele6l-men,  dated  the  8th 
inllant,  praying  that  the  town  might 
be  fortliwith  legally  convened,  to  en- 
quire of  his  excellency  the  governor 
the  grounds  and  reafonrof  fundry  de- 
clarations made  by  him,  that  three  re- 
giments may  be  daily  expeded,  two  of 
them  to  be  quartered  m  this  Town, 
and  one  at  Caflle  William  $  as  alfo  to 
confider  of  the  mod  wife,  conftitution- 
al,  loyal,  and  falutary  meafurea  to  be 
adopted  on  fuch  an  occalion,  was  read, 
whereupon  the  following  vote  was 
palTed  : 

WHEREAS  it  has  been  reported  in 
this  town  meeting,  that  his  excellency 
the  governor  has  intimated  his  appre- 

benfiont 


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1768. 


henfiont  that  one  or  more  regiments 
of  his  majcfty's  tioops  arc  daily  to  be 
expefted  here  ; 

VOTED,  That  the  honourable 
Thomas  Cufliing,  Efq;  Mr.  Samuel 
Adams,  Richard  Dana,  ETq;  Benjamin 
Kent,  Efqi  and  Dr.  Jofeph  Warren, 
be  a  committee  to  wait  upon  his  ex- 
cellency, if  in  town,  humbly  /cqueil- 
ing  that  he  would  be  pleafed  to  commu- 
nicate to  the  town  the  grounds  and  af- 
furances  he  may  have  thereof. 
Upon  a  motion  made  and  feconded, 
VOTED,  that  the  following  petition 
be  prefented  to  his  excellency  the  go- 
vernor, and  a  committee  was  appointed 
for  that  purpofe,  who  were  dire^ed 
humbly  to  requeft  his  excellency  to  fa- 
vour the  town  with  an  immediate  an- 
fwcr. 

To  his  Excellency  Francis  Bernard, 
£f<)$  governor  and  commander  in 
chief  of  his  majefty's  province  of  the 
iVIaflachufetts-Bay,  in  New- England. 

May  it  fleafe your  Excellency^ 

^T^  H  E  inhabitants  of  the  town  of 
-*-  Bofton  le^^ally  aflemMed,  taking 
into  coniideration  the  critical  ftate  of 
the  public  affairs,  more  efpecially  the 
prefent  precarious  fttuation  of  our  in- 
valuable rigHts  and  privileges,  civil  and 
religious,  moft  humbly rcqueft  that  vour 
excellency  would  be  pleafed  forthwith 
to  iflue  precepts  for  a  general  ^(Tcmhly, 
to  be  convened  with  the  utmoit  fpeed, 
in  order  that  fuch  meafures  may  be 
taken  as  in  their  wifdom  they  may 
think  proper  for  the  prefervaiion  of 
our  faid  rights  and  privileges. 

And  your  petitioners,  as  in  duty 
bound,  &c. 

Upon  a  motion  made  and  feconded, 
a  committee  was  appointed  to  take  the 
ftate  of  our  public  affairs  into  confide- 
ration,  and  report  at  the  adjournment 
the  roeafures  they  apprehend  moA  falu- 
tary  to  be  taken  in  the  prefent  emer- 
gency. 

Adjourned  till  the  next  day  ten 
o'clock,  A.  M. 

Tuefday  the  13th  of  September,    ten 
o^clock,  A.  M,  met  accordingly. 

THE  committee  appointed  yellerday 
to  wait  upon  his  excellency  with 
the  petition  and  requelt  of  the  town, 
reported  from  his  excellency  the  fol- 
lowing anfwer  in  writing : 


Proceedings  at  Bofton.  581 

*  Gentlemen^ 
\jf  V  apprehcnfions  that  forae  of  his 
^^  majefty's  troops  are  to  be  cxpefted 
In  Bofton,  arife  from  information  of  a 
private  nature.  I  have  received  no 
public  letters,  notifying  to  me  the 
coming  of  fuch  troops,  and  requiring 
quarters  for  them  :  Whenever  I  do,  I 
fhall  communicate  them  to  his  majelty*s 
council. 

The  bufmefs  of  calling  another  af- 
fcmbly  for  this  year,  is  now  before  the 
king,  and  I  can  do  nothing  in  it  until 
I  receive  his  majefty's  commands. 

Fra.  Bernard." 

The  committee  appointed  to  take  the 
flate  of  our  public  aftairs  into  confide- 
ration,  reported  the  following  declara- 
tion and  refolves : 

"IX/ HERE  AS  it  is  the  firft  principle 
'^'  in  civil  fociety,  founded  in  na- 
ture and  reafon  that  no  law  of  the  fo- 
ciety can  be  binding  on.  any  individual 
without  his  confent,  given  by  himfelf 
in  perfon,  or  by  his  reprefentative,  of 
his  own  free  ele^on  : 

And  whereas  in  and  by  an  a^  of 
the  Britiih  parliament  paffed  in  the 
"Rrft  year  of  the  reigns  of  King  Williani 
and  Queen  Mary,  of  glorious  and 
blcffed  memory,  entitled.  An  aft  de- 
claring the  rights  and  liberties  of  the 
fubieCt,  and  fettling  the  fucceffion  of 
the  crown ;  the  preamble  of  which  a£b 
is  in  thefe  words,  viz.  "  Whereas 
the  late  King- James  the  Second,  by 
the  afliftance  of  divers  evil  councellors,  , 
Judges  and  minifters  employed  by  him, 
did  endeauour  to  fubvert  and  extirpate 
the  protcftant  religion,  and  the  laws 
and  liberties  of  this  kingdom  j"'  It  is 
exprelsly  among  other  things  declared, 
that  the  levying  money  for  the  ule  of 
the  crown,  by  pretence  of  preroga- 
tive, without  grant  of  parliament,  for 
a  longer  time,  or  in  other  manner 
than  the  fame  is  granted,  is  illegal  : 

And  wheseas  in  the  th'ird  year  of  the 
fame  King  William  and  Queen  Mary, 
their  majefties  were  gracioufly  pleafed 
by  their  royal  charter,  to  give  and 
grant  to  the  inhabitants  of  this  his  ma- 
jefty's province  all  the  territory  there- 
in defcribed,  to  be  holden  in  free  and 
common  foccage :  And  alfo  to  ordain 
and  grant  to  the  faid  inhabitants  cer- 
tain rights,  libeities,  and  privileges 
therein  exprefsly  mentioned  i  among 
which  it  is  granted,  eftablifticd,  and 
ordained. 


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582 


UnANS*9VER  ABLE    REASONING. 


ordained,  that  all  and  every  the  Tub- 
\t6ki  of  rhem,  their  heirs  and  fuccef- 
fors,  which  (hall  go  to  inhabit  within 
faid  province  and  territory,  and  every 
of  their  children  which  (hal)  happen  to 
be  born  there,  or  on  the  fcas  in  go- 
ing thither,  or  returning  from  thence, 
(hail  have  and  enjoy  all  liberties  and 
immimities  of  free  and  natural  fubje^ts 
within  any  of  the  dominions  of  them, 
their  heirs  and  fucceflbr?,  to  all  intents, 
purpofes,  and  conftrudions  whatever, 
as  if  they  and  every  of  them  were  born 
within  the  realm  of  England  : 

And  whereas  by  the  aforefaid  a6l  of 
parliament  made  in  the  firft  year  of 
the  laid  King  William  and  Q^cen 
Mary,  all  and  fingular  the  preniifes 
contained  therein,  are  claimed,  de- 
mended,  and  infifted  on,  as  the  un- 
doubted  rights  and  liberties  of  the  fub- 
je^s  born  within  the  realm  : 

And  whereas  the  freeholders  and 
other  inhabitants  of  this  town,  the  me- 
tropolis of  the  province,  in  ^id  char- 
ter mentioned,  do  Itold  all  the  rights 
and  liberties  therein  contained  to  be 
iacred  and  inviolable  ;  at  the  fame  time 
publicly  and  folemnly  acknowledging 
their  firm  and  unfhakcn  allegiance  to 
their  alone  rightful  Sovereign  King 
George  the  Third,  the  lawful  I'ucceflbr 
of  the  faid  King  William  and  Q^ia^n 
Mary  to  the  Britifli  throne :  Therefore 
Refolved,  That  the  faid  freeholders 
and  other  inhabitants  of  the  town  of 
Bofton  will,  at  the  utmoft  pcriFoftheir 
lives  and  fortunes,  take  all  legal  and 
conftitutional  meafures  to  defend  and 
maintain  the  perfon,  family,  crown 
and  dignity  of  our  fovereign  I.ord 
George  the  third  j  and  all  and  Angu- 
lar the  rights,  liberties,  privileges  and 
immunities  granted  in  the  faid  royal 
charter)  as  well  thofe  which  are  de- 
clared to  be  belonging  to  us  Britilh 
fubje^s  by  birthright,  as  all  others 
therein  fpecially  mentioned. 

And  whereas  by  the  faid  royal  char- 
ter is  fpecially  granted  to  the  great  and 
general  conrt  or  affembly  therein  con- 
Itituted  to  impofe  and  levy  proportion- 
able and  reafgnable  afreflmcnts,  rates 
and  taxes  upon  the  eftates  and  perfons 
of  all  and  every  the  proprietors  and  in- 
habitants of  the  faid  province  or  terri- 
tory, fortheferviceoftheking,  in  the 
neceflary  defence  and  fupport  of  his 
government  of  the  province,  and  the 


Nor. 


proceaion  and  prefervation  of  his  fa^ 
jedts  therein  :  Therefbrt, 

Voted,  as  the  opinion  Of  this  town, 
that  the  levying  money  within  thu 
province  for  the  ufe  and  fbrvice  of 
the  crown,  in  other  manner  than  the 
fame  IS  granted  by  the  great  and  gene- 
ral court  or  afTembly  of  this  province, 
IS  m  violation  of  the  faid  royal  charter^ 
and  the  fame  is  alfo  in  violation  of  the 
nndoubted  natural  rights  of  fubjcas, 
declared  m  the  aforefaid  ail  of  parlia- 
ment,  freely  to  give  and  grant  their 
own  money  for  the  fervice  of  the  crown 
with  their  own  confent,  in  perfon,  or 
by  reprefentatives  of  their  own  free 
election. 

And  whereas  in  the  aforefaid  aft  of 
parliament  it  is  declared,  that  the 
railing  or  keeping  a  Itanding  arm? 
within  the  kingdom  in  time  of  peace* 
unlefs  it  be  with  a  confent  of  parii*. 
ment,  is  againft  law  :  It  is  the  opinioii 
of  this  town,  that  the /aid  declaration 
18  founded  in  the  indefcafible  right  of 
the  fubjeas  to  be  confulted,    a^d  to 

five  their  free  confent,  irt  perfon,  or 
y  reprefentativcs  of  their  own  free 
cleaion,  to  the  railing  and  keeping  a 
ftanding  army  among  them  :  And  the 
inhabitants  of  this  town,  being  free 
fubjeas,  have  the  fame  right,  derived 
horn  nature  and  confirmed  by  the 
Bntilh  conftitution,  as  well  as  the  faid 
royal  charter;  and  therefore  the  rai- 
ling  or  keeping  a  ftanding  army, 
without  their  confent,  in  perfon  or 
by  reprefentativcs  of  their  own  free 
ele^ion,  would  l>c  an  infringement  of 
their  naniral,  conftitutional  and  char- 
tcr  rights;  ?ind  the  employing  fuch 
army  tor  the  enforcing  of  laws  made 
without  the  confent  of  the  people,  to 
perion,  or  by  their  reprefentativcs, 
would  be  a  grievance. 

The  foregoing  report  being  divers 
times  diftinaiy  read,  and  confidercd 
by  the  town,  the  oucftion  was  put, 
whether  the  lame  fhall  be  accepted  and 
recorded  ?  and  palFcd  unaniraoully  in 
the  affirmative. 

Upon  a  motion  made  and  feconded/ 
the  following  vote  was  QoaniroouAy 
pa/Ted,  viz. 

WHEREAS  by  an  a^  of  pariiament 
of  the  firft  of  Kino  William  and  Queen 
Mary,  it  is  declared,  that  for  the  rc- 
drels  of  all  grievances,  and  for  amend- 
ing,  ftrcngthcning  and  prclerving  tW 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


hiw9,  paiTiannents  ought  to  be  held 
frequently,  and  inafmuch  as  it  is  the 
opinion  oF  this  town,  that  the  people 
labour  under  many  intolerable  griev- 
ances, which  unlefs  fpeedily  rcdieflcd, 
threaten  thfc  total  deftrufVion  of  our 
invaluable,  natural,  conilitutional,  and 
Charter  rights: 

And  furthermore,  as  his  excellency 
the  governor  has  declared  himfelf  un- 
able, at  the  requeft  of  this  town,  to 
call  a  general  court,  which  is  the  af- 
fcmbly  of  the  ftates  of  this  province, 
for  the  redrefs  of  fuch  grievances : 

Voted,  That   this  town    will    now 
iriake  choice  oF  a  fuitable  number  of 
perlons  to  a6t  for  them  as  a  commit- 
tee in  convention,  with  fuch  as   may 
be  fent  to  join  them  from  the  feveral 
towns  in  this  province,    in  ol*der  that 
Ibch  meafurcs   may  be  Confulted  and 
advifed   a^  his  majefty's  fcrvice,    and 
the  peace  and  fafety  of  the  fubjcfts  in 
the  province,  may  require* 
Whereupon, 
The  Hon.  James  Otis,  Efq; 
Hon.  Thomas  Gushing,  El'qj 
Mr.  Samuel  Adams,  and 
John  HANcocic,  Elq; 
were  appointed  a  committee  for  the 
faid   purpofe;   the  town    hereafter  to 
take   into  confideration  what  recom- 
pence  (hall  be  made  them  for  the  fer- 
vices  they  may  perform. 

Voted,  That  thefeleftmen  ^e  dirti- 
ed to  write  to  the  fcleftmen  of  the  fe- 
Veral  towns  within  this  province,  in- 
forming them  of  the  foregoing  vote, 
and  to  propofe  that  a  convention  be 
held,  if  they  (hall  think  proper,  at  Fa- 
neuil  Hall,  in  this  town,  on  Thurfday 
the  z%d  of  Sept.  inftant,  at  ten  o'clock 
before  noon. 

Upon  a  motion  made  and  feconded, 
the  following  vote  was  paded  by  a  very 
great  majority,  viz. 

WHEREAS  by  an  aft  of  parlia- 
ment of  the  firft  of  King  William  and 
Queen  Mary,  it  is  declared,  that  the 
fubjec^s  bem^  protedants,  may  have 
arms  for  their  defence :  It  is  the  opi- 
nion of  this  town,  that  the  faid  decla- 
ration is  founded  in  nature,  reafon, 
and  found  policy,  and  is  well  adapted 
for  the  neceflary  defence  of  the  com- 
munity : 

And  forafmuch,  ns  by  a  good  and 
wbolelbme  law  of  this  province,  eve- 
ry liRed  foldier  and  other  houfholder 
(except  troopers,  who  by  Jaw  are  othcr- 
Kov^..i76J. 


ExTR  AOR  DINAR  y  Votes. 


5^3 

wife  to  be  provided)  (hall  be  always 
provided  with  a  well  fixed  firelock, 
mulket,  accoutrements,  and  ampiuni- 
tion,  as  is  in  faid  law  particularly  men- 
tioned, to  the  fatisfaftion  of  the  com- 
midton  ofHcers  of  the  company  :  and 
as  there  is  at  this  time  a  prevailing 
apprchenfion,  in  the  minds  of  many, 
of  an  approaching  war  with  France  : 
In  order  that  the  inhabitants  of  this 
town  may  be  prepared  in  cafe  of  fud- 
den  danger:  Voted,  That  thofe  of 
the  faid  inhabitants  who  mny  at  pre- 
fent  be  unproviiied,  be  and  hereby 
are  rcquelted  only  to  obferve  the  /aid 
law  at  this  time. 

The  hon.  Thomas  Cuflimg,  Efqj 
communicated  to  the  town  a  letter  re- 
ceived from  a  committee  of  the  mer- 
chants in  the*  city  of  New  York,  ac- 
quainting him  with  their  agreement 
relative  to  a  non  importation  of  Bri- 
tidi  goods  :  whereupon  the  town  by  a 
voteexpreded  the  higheft  fatisfadlioa 
therein. 

The  town  taking  into  ferioiis  con- 
fideration the  prelent  afpscl  of  their 
public  affairs,  and  being  of  opinioa 
that  it  greatly  behoves  a  people,  pro- 
feffing  godlinefs,  to  addrrls  the  fu- 
prcmc  ruler  of  the  world,  on  all  im- 
portant occafions,  for  that  wifdonx 
which  is  profitable  to  direft : 

Voted  unanimoufly.  That  the  fe- 
Icftmen  be  a  committee  to  wait  on 
the  feveral  minilters  of  the  Gbfpel 
within  this  town,  defiring  that  the 
next  Tuefday  may  be  fet  apart  as  a 
day  of  fading  and  prayer. 

Ordered,  That  the  votes  and  pro- 
ceedings of  the  town  in  their  prefent 
meeting  be  publiflied  in  the  (everal 
news-papers. 

The  town  voted  their  thanks  to  the 
moderator  for  his  good   fervices,  and 
then  the  meeting  was  diflblved. 
Atteft 
Will.  Cooper,  Town-CI. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  circular 
letter  written  by  the  feledlmen  of 
this  town,  and  dire^ed  to  the  (eleft- 
men  of  the  feveral  towns  within  this 
province  ;  a]greeable  to  a  vote  at  the 
meeting  on  the  13th  inftant. 
Gentlemen,      Bolton, Sept.i4,i76g. 

Y  ^  U  are  already  too  well  acquaint- 
*    ed  with  the  melancholy  nnd  very 

alarming  circumftances  to  which  this 

province,  a&  well  as  America  in  ge>ie- 
4  £  isil 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Pameus  ClrtuUr  Letter. 


584 

ral»  11  now  reduced.  Taxer  equally 
detrimental  to  the  commercial  interest 
of  the  parent  country  and  her  colonies^ 
mre  impofed  upon  the  people  without 
their  confent:  taxes  defigned  for  the 
fupport  of  the  civil  government  in  the 
colonieii  in  a  manner  clearly  unconlli* 
tutional^  and  contrary  to  that,  in 
which  till  of  late,  government  has 
been  fupported,  by  the  free  gift  of  the 
people  in  the  American  aflembliet  or 
parliaments!  as  alfo  for  the  mainte** 
nance  of  a  large  ftanding  army  ;  not 
for  the  defence  of  the  newlv  acquired 
territories,  but  for  the  old  colonies, 
and  in  a  time  of  peace.  The  deceat, 
humble,  and  truly  loyal  applications 
and  petitions  from  the  reprefentatives 
of  this  province,  for  the  removal  of 
thefe  heavy  and  very  threatening  grie- 
vances, have  hitherto  been  ineitedtnal, 
being  aflfured    from  authentic  intelU- 

Sence  that  they  have  not  yet  reached 
tie  royal  ear  i  the  only  tf^t^  of  tranf- 
snitting  thefe  applications  hitlierto 
perceivable,  hat  been  a  mandate 
ffom  one  of  his  roajefty*s  fecre- 
taries  of  ftate  to  the  governor  of  this 
province,  todiflblve  the  general  aflTcm- 
bly,  merely  becaufe  the  late  boufe  of 
reprefentatives  refufed  to  refcind  a  re* 
folution  of  a  former  houfe,  which  Im- 
plied nothing  more  than  a  right  in  the 
American  fubje^  to  unite  in  humble 
and  dutiful  petitions .  to  their  gracious 
ibvereign,  'When  they  found  themfelyes 
aggrieved :  Thi%  is  a  right  naturally 
inherent  in  every  man,  and  exprefsly 
riecognized  at  the  glurious  Revolution 
as  the  birth  right  of  an  Englifhman. 

This  diiTolution  you  are  ienfible  has 
taken  place }  the  governor  has  public- 
ly and  repeatedly  declared  that  he  can- 
not call  another  affembly  ;  and  the  fe- 
cretary  of  State  for  the  American  de- 
partment, in  one  of  his  letters  commu- 
nicated to  the  late  houfe,  has  been 
pleafed  to  fay,  **  proper  care  will  be 
taken  for  the  fupport  of  the  dignity 
of  government  f*  the  meaning  of  which 
is  too  plain  to  be  mifunderftood. 

The  concern  and  perplexity  into 
which  thefe  things  have  thrown  the 
people,  have  betn  greatly  aggravated, 
by  a  late  declaration  of  his  excellency 
governor  Bernard,  that  oqe  or  more 
regiments  may  foon  be  expected  in  this 
province.  • 

The  defign  of  thefe  troops  is  in  eve- 
ry one*s  apprehenfion  nothing  ihdrt  of 
3 


Not; 


enforcing  by  military  power  tbe  txt^ 
cution  of  ads  of  parliament,  in  the 
forming  of -which  the  colonies  have 
not,  and  cannot  have  any  oonftita* 
tional  influence.  Thu  is  one  of  the 
greateft  diftreiTes  to  which  a  free  peo* 
pie  can  be  reduced. 

The  town  which  we  have  the  lio» 
nour  to  ferve,  have  tal^en  tbeie  thingi 
at  their  late  meeting  into  their  moft 
ferious  confideration  i  And  as  there  it 
in  the  minds  of  many  a  prevailing  ap- 
prehenfion  of  an  approaching  war  with 
France,  they  have  pafled  &e  feveral 
votes,  which  we  tranfmit  to  you,  de- 
iiring  that  they  may  be  immediateiy 
laid  before  the  town,  wboie  pruden« 
tials  are  in  your  care,  at  a  legal  meet* 
ing,  for  their  candid  and  particular 
attention. 

Deprived  of  the  councils  of  a  gene^ 
ral  aiiembly  in  this  dark  and  dimculc 
feafon,  the  loyal  people  of  this  pro- 
vince will,  we  are  perfuaded,  imme* 
diately  perceive  the  propriety  and  uti* 
lity  of  the  propofed  committee  of  Con- 
vention s  And  the  found  and  whole* 
fome  advice  that  may  be  expeded 
from  a  number  of  gentlemen  choidi 
by  themfelves,  and  in  whom  they  may. 
repofe  the  greateft  eonfidence,  mnft 
tend  to  the  real  fervice  of  our  gracious 
fovereign,  and  the  welfare  of  bis  fub- 
je6ls  in  this  province,  and  may  happily 
prevent  any  fudden  and  unconnemd 
meafures,  which  in  their  prefent  anxi- 
ety, and  even  agony  of  mind,  they 
mav  be  in  danger  of^^lling  into. 

As  it  is  of  importance  that  the  con« 
Tention  (hould  meet  as  foon  aa  may 
be,  fo  early  a  day  as  the  ssd  of  tbia 
inftant  September  has  been  propoicd 

for  that  purpofe and  it  is  hoped 

the  remoteft  towns  will  by  that  time, 
or  as  foon  after  as  conveniently  nmy 
be,  return  their  refpe6Uve  committees. 

Not'  doubting  but  that  you  airt 
equally  concerned  with  us  and  our  leK 
low  citizens  for  the  preiervation  of  our 
invaluable  rights,  and  fdr  the  general 
happinefs  of  our  country,  and  that 
you  are  dijjpofed  with  equal  ardor  to 
exert  yourielves  in  every  conftitutioagd 
way  for  fo  glorious  a  purpofe. 

It  is  faid  that  orders  for  troops  tt> 
be  quartered  in  this  provincty  ar«  ki 
conlequence  of  letters  wrote  here  ca 
the  19th  of  March  laft. 

On  Thuriday  next  there  will  be  a 
geocol 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tjSil  Advice  to  the  PooRr  52$ 

curative  operation!.  But  yet  even 
here  in  the  prefent  cafe  be  always 
guided  by  this  fingle  and  inrallible  rule, 
not  even  always  to  ufe  fo  iimple  an 
application  at  Turner's  cerate^  if  it 
caufes  p4in»  but  change  it  for  a  more 
foft,  oily,  and  lefs  dr)ing  balfam, 
that  may  agree  with  the  fore,  or  yoi| 
can  never  bring  it  into  a  healing  con- 
dition.  I  have  ftea  fome  fores  that 
could  bear  nothing  but  mere  oil  alone 
to  render  them  eaiy. 

But  if  the  fores  are  of  fome  time 
ftandinff,  and  become  foul  and  nafty, 
then  ule  nothing  drying,  but  clean- 
fing,  to  carry  off  the  rotten  pieces  of 
the  fibres  intermixed  with  the  corro- 
ding juices  in  the  fore.  Drefs  them 
with  yellow  bafilicon,  till  the  fore  looks 
red  and  clean,  then  ufe  Turner's  ce- 
rate to  complete  the.cure  with.  But 
obfervc  always  to  fpread  ^our  balfam 
cold,  and  on  pledgets  of  Imt,  and  not 

AS  many    poor    labouring    people   ^n  fingle  rags,    as  is  too  often  done  } 
are  every  where  very  mbje^  to    for  the  balfam,  by  the  heat  of  the  bo- 
.    .         .  ^    jy  ^£j^ij  foaks   through  a  rag,    and. 

brings  it  to  touch  the  raw  ibre,  which 
irritates  it,  and  caufes  a  greater  fluxion 
of  juices,  and  renders  bad  worfe,  by 
increafing  the  calamity,  and  refine 
the  cure. 

For  this  reafon  likewife  it  is  as  im- 
proper, as  many  do,  to  drefs  fores 
with  nothing  elfe  but  ftiff  cmplaifters, 
which,  if  they  do  no  harm,  do  no  real 
good,  other  wife  than  keeping  off  the 
air  i  and  fome  people's  fle(h  will  heal 
kmdly  of  itfelf, , drefs  it  almoft  with 
what  you  will,  while  that  of  others 
will  fret  and  gangrene  on  the  injudici- 
ous application  of  improper  dreflings. 
But  if  ulcers  will  not  digelt  well,  i,  i» 
run  a  thick,  white  matter,  then  work 
up  6n  the  fide  of  your  hand  a  little 
red  prsBcipitate,  finely  powdered,  a  few 
grains,  along  with  your  balfam,  either 
yellow  bafilicon,  or  linimentiim  arcaei, 
alias,  ointment  of  gum  elemi,  another 
pood  balfam.  After  all*,  red  and  ly- 
ing a  t>ed,  or  a  genlle  fpitting,  will 
work  wonders,  when  nothing  elfe  can 
anfwer  the  end.  To  raife  a  gentle 
fpitting  take  ten  grains  of  fweet  mer- 
cury, alias,  calomel,  beat  up  in  « 
crumb  o/  bread  of  a  new  white  loaf 
for  pills  i  or  in  any  proper  conferve  bv 
way  of  bolus,  at  bed  time  i  repeat  it 
«ach  other  night  till  the  fpitting  be- 
gii^s  and  no  longer  i  if  it  proves  too 
4  E  *      '  bi^li 

*  Tbg  ptberAmmcaMpafiri,  §n  4tC€0mt  0/$Uir  extratrdiuary  htgtb,  mufi  hi  drfef'* 


^neral  mufter  of  the  regiment  in  this 
town,  and,  we  hear,  a  critical  view 
of  the  arms  of  the  ibldiers . 

A  very  elegant  and  public  anfwer 
to  the  letter  fent  from  hence  by  a 
number  of  gentlemen,  well  attacbeil 
to  the  caufe  of  liberty,  was  received 
yefterday.  from  Mr.  Wilkes,  by  Cap- 
tain Bruce. 

Monday  in  the  night  the  poft  con- 
tiguous to  Liberty-Tree  was  fa  wed  off; 
the  damage  was  inconfiderable,  but 
difcovers  the  evil  difp6(ition  of  the 
perpetrators  of  fuch  a  bafe  aftion. 

[By  private  advices  we  hear,  that 
the  perfon  who  performed  the  above 
feat  was  dete^ed,  and  flos^ged  by  the 
populace  till  he  confeffed  by  whom  he 
was  fet  upon  this  enterprize.]* 

fo  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,  Leigh,  Jan.  16, 1768. 


wounds  and  ulcers  in  vanous  parts  of 
their  bodies',  I  thought  I  could  not  do 
a  work  of  more  general  utility^  than 
to  dired  fuch  how  to  manage  them, 
and  with  what  topical  medicines  to 
drefs  with,  for  an  eafy  and  fpeedy  cure 
of  the  fame. 

If  either  be  only  fuperficial,  or  pro- 
fceed  from  burns,  or  fcalds,  Turner's 
cerite  fpread  upon  pledgets  of  lint, 
with  a  plaiiler  of  the  fame  fpread  thin 
upon  a  piece  of  fine  linen  rag  to  co- 
yer all  and  keef^  the  other  on,  is  gene- 
rally the  propereft  drefling  that  in 
fuch  cafes  can  be  ufed :  to  be  account- 
ed for  thus ; 

The  extravafated  juices  by  their  own. 
beterogeneous  nature,  and  the  influ- 
ence of  the  air,  foon  corrupt  and  pu- 
trify  J  this  further  wounds  the  veflTels, 
or  iblids,  in  contad  with  them,  and 
fo  prevents  nature*s  clofing  them  up 
meain,  i.  e^  healing  them.  But  the  la- 
pis calaniinarit  in  this  cerate  correds 
this  acrimony  of  the  corrodin^r  fluids, 
and  thereby  nature,  by  not  being  in- 
terrupted, performs  the  cure.  For  (he 
is  always  her  own  phyfician  and  fur- 

feon,  while  we  that  are  called  fo,  are 
ut  oniy  her  minifters,  and  it  behoves 
ue  therefore  to  mind  well  her  motions, 
and  to  ad  accordingly;  left,  inftead  of 
helping,  by  our  ignorante  qr  officiouf- 
sieu,  we  \try  much  hinder  )\tt  in  her 


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586 

high,  or  troublefome,  purge  it  "down- 
ward with  intuEon  of  fenni  and  man- 
na, or  prunes,  two  or  three  timet  a 
week'.  This  courfc  it  good  for  many 
other  dilorilert  befr^es  old  fores  }  at 
jaundicr,  afthma,  lurt  venerea,  drop- 
ly.  and  aim jft  all  chronical  cafet  ex- 
cept the  (icui  vy.  For  proud  flefh  ufe 
the  blue  ftone  or  dry  lintj  but  be 
Aire  to  ufe  a  bandage  of  a  double 
cloth,  and  a  roller  to  ftreogthpn  and 
warm  the  part. 

If  woundt  or  uJcert  inflame  about 
the  edges,  and  do  not  run  freely  as  they 
ought  to  do,  foment  th;m  with  hot 
iloops,  made  with  boiling  any  qu:inti- 
ty  o*  an>  herb  that  has  any^oil,  fmel', 
or  warmth  in  it,  (hied  and  boiled  in 
witer,  well  covered,  half  an  hour, 
then  drain  the  liquor  through  a 
firve,  and  let  two  flannels,  uhen 
wrung  hot  out  ef  the  I  qjor,  be  ap- 
plied on  the  naked  place  alternately, 
as  they  cool ;  this  is  to  be  done  near 


Treatment  of  Waunds  and  Vlctrs. 


No». 


ulcer,  cbofe  Under  ve^lt  are  lacerated, 

Pus  is  a  foft,  thick,  inodorous  fub- 
ftance  appearing  in  the  wound,  equal 
to  the  lime  of  digefbion.  The  pus 
is  the  heft  confidating  balfam.  and 
is  never  !n  the  veflels,  but  is  fcea 
in  the  bottom  of  the  ulcer,  under 
which  is  the  aforefaid  texture  of  infi- 
nite  veflTcIt  difcharging  a  Ibrt  of  mu- 
cus, which  whilit  the  o^cious  dreOert 
endeavour  to  cleanfe  with  cotton,  or 
fcraped  lint,  the  ulcer  will  never  groir 
together,  or  unite. 

This  n*cw  generated  flefti  it  not  fach 
as  the  mufcular,  but  is  only  a  flat  mem- 
branous fubftance,  whofe  veilelt  ad« 
mit  the  blood,  hence  that  rednefs  like 
to  flc(h. 

One  ufeful  remark  more  and  I  have 
done.  The  ingenious  Dr.  Alexander 
Stuart  juftly  reprehends  the  commoa 
way  of  ufing  fomentations  too  warm. 
For  heat  that  is  too  much  thickens, 
and   coagulates    the  humoius  of  our 


an  hour,   mgnt  and   morning,  cover- w  bodies.     Wherefore    it  is   not    to    be 


jng  all  up  Hofe  with  other  flannels 
dry,  to  ktcp  the  ftcam  in;  not  for- 
fett!t)g  to  :Aid  a  few  r4>oonfuls  of  any 
vinous  fpirirs,  and  fo  i  net  i  met  a  Jit  lie 
vJJieg^  to  the  ftoop. 

AMcrwards  anoint  about  the  fore, 
when  It  Jooks  red,  a  little  nutritum, 
nude  the  old  way  j  by  the  litharge, 
after  finely  ground,  and  lying  in  foak 
a  night  in  vin<g;ir,  enough  to  cover 
it,  being  mixed  with  thrice  the  quan- 
tity of  Iwcct  oil,  anf^  rubbed  about  in 
a  mortar  with  a  peflle  till  it  becomes 
wh>e.  Thi«  is  much  more  cooling, 
and  far  pieterable  to  tiie  new  way  of 
making  this  excellent  ointment ;  by 
melting  down  Ibme  diacalon  einplafter, 
and  then  mixing  the  vinegar  with  it. 
An  ill  contrived  alteration,  as  it  is  too 
viicid  to  do  the  good,  the  other  way 
of  preparing  fits  w  for. 

Thus  much  is  ail  I  can  fay  in  fo  nar- 
row a  compafs,  only  1  will  add  a  piece 
of  philolophy,  to  pltafe  the  curious 
furgeon,  or  fcnfible  reader,  and  there- 
with conclude. 

Ruyfchius  has  demonftrated,  how 
the  lofs  of  fubifance  in  a  broad  ulcer 
is  again  repaired  fiom  the  bottom  and 
the  tides  ;  for  the  vcfl'cls  increafe  every 
wa.,  and  equally  Svv^xw  every  point,  hkc 
the  ringlctsof  a  (hill,  which  making  iii 
the  center,  foim  fl.(h  fo  called  ;  great 
care  is  therefore  to  he  taken,  lelt  in 
attempting  to  cleanfe  the  wound,   or 


doubted,  but  that  the  warmth  of  them 
fliould  be  fuch  at  it  our  circulating; 
blood,  or,  perhaps,  in  fomc  cafes,  not 
much  to  exceed  that  flandard  in  fo- 
mentation, cataplafmt,  and  other  ex* 
ternal  applications. 

Your^,         J.  Cook. 

7b  the  AUTHOR  of  the   LONDON 

MAGAZINE. 

SIR,      Leigh,  Scptcnxjber,  1768. 

TH  O  U  O  H  all  the  bowels  are  ne- 
celi^ry  for  a  living  body,  yet  the 
ftortlach,  heart,  and  brain  arc  the  three 
principal  vifcera  on  whicn  the  animal 
funt5Tions  more  immedrately  depend. 

The  brain  confilis  of  two  portions, 
and  thcfe  very  unlike,  viz.  the  exter- 
nal, afli  coloured,  glandular;  and  the 
internal,  white,  more  (olid,  and  flbrout 
part,  that  conftituie  the  origin  of  the 
nerves,  as  being  the  excretory  du^s  of 
the  former  glands. 

Natural  motion  is  performed  by  the 
ftomach,  and  intettines  the  dregs  of 
whofe  excretion  are  the  fccccs.  The 
heart  and  arteries  are  the  mtlruments 
of  vital  motion,  the  fneculency  of 
which  evacuntion  \%  the  urine.  And 
the  brain,  and  nerves,  are  the  foun-." 
tains  of  fcnfe,  and. animal  motion,  the 
third  and  la(t  digeflion  in  the  animal 
ceconomy,  whofe  ufeiefs  fuperfluities 
are  carried  oft*  by  infcnlible  perf^ira* 
tion,  on  which  lad  matter  of  evacua* 

tioA 


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ij6Si  Complaint  of 

tion  I  intend  a  piece  foon,  to  (hew  it 
Is  not  in  fo  great  a  quantity  as  authors 
would  have  us  believe. 

As  to  the  bigncfs  of  the  brain  ac* 
cording  to  the  proponion  of  the  whole 
body.  It  is  bigger  than  the  brain  of  any 
other  animal,  exceeding  even  the  brain  * 
of  an  elephant  in  quantity,  and  tlie 
brain  of  an  ox  double  the  weight ;  for 
it'generally  weighs  four  or  five  pounds. 

I  relate  this  circumftance  here  on 
piirpofe  to  take  an  occafion  of  correal- 
11)2  an  error  I  let  pafs  lately,  of  the 
lad  who  was  faid  to  have  lolt  half  his 
brains  and  yet  lived,  in  the  London 
Magazine  of  July  laft,  and  other  pub- 
lick  papers. 

This  account  was  a  wrong  informa- 
tion, and  the  quantity  through  fur- 
prife,  or  want  ot  knowledge,  was  cer- 
tainly exaggerated,  which  had  I  allow- 
ed myfelf  time  to- coniider,  I  mij^ht 
have  concluded,  as  doubtlsfs  all  of  the 
profeflionwho  have  read  it,  have,  that 
no  one  could  poiUbly  furvif  e  the  loTs 
of  half  his  brains,  ^ 

But  the  lad,  who  had  fraflured  his 
fcull  by  the  iall  into  a  (hip's  hold,  hav- 
ing part  of  his  brains  working  out  like 
yeaft,  through  the  perforation,  in  a 
confldcrable  an(l  uncommon  quantity^ 
a  few  ounces  only  fo  vented,  though 
from  its  fpongeous  quality  it  might 
appear  bulky,  yet  was  far  from  two 
pounds,  the  general  quantity  of  one 
half  of  a  man's  brains. 

Neverthelefs  the  recovery,  and  with 
fo  little  lq(s  of  the  fun'flions  of  the  op- 
poiite  (idc,  on  which  the  nerves  are  re- 
ftored,  renders  it  ftill  an  extraordi- 
nary cafe,  and  the  more  fo  as  even 
night  wounds  of  ^he  brain  prove  ge- 
nerally mortal. 

Wherefore  as  I  vyould  neither  im- 
pofe,  nor  be  impofed  upon,  I  here 
publickly  corredl  the  error  of  that 
wrong  account  to  me  coipmunicated, 
though  the  truth  of  the  theory  as  there 
ilatedi  ftands  upon  a  fure  foundation. 
Your's,  ^.,CooK, 

7o  tbt  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 

s  r  R, 

MOST  authors  endeavour  to  in- 
culcate a  veneration  for  par- 
1  ts  as  a  bound  en  duty  from  infe- 
riors to  their  fuperiors  in  titles,  ho- 
nours, equity  and  polity.  But  how 
great  ii  our  furpize,  and  what  a  fglc- 


a  Freeholder.  587^ 

cifm  in  reafoning,  when  an  illiterate 
and  a  pervcrfc  generation  of  iniidious 
people  by  their  pradliie  Ihould  deraon- 
ftrate  the  contrary  :   pardon  the  excla- 
mation, wonderful  is  the  relation  !  That 
^cgg^J's  and  mendicants,  or  their  pro- 
curers, fliould  exercife  a  right  of  domi- 
nion in  a  free  ftate,  and  tax  property 
agaiull  the  great  charter  of  our  liber- 
ties.    It  is  worthily  obferved,    the  fu«. 
preme  power   cannot  take  from   any. 
man  any  part  of  his  property  without 
his  own  confent,    and  that  Cuch  a  law 
of  the  conllitution  is  grounded  on  chO' 
eternal  and  immutable  law  of  nature  : 
But  how  changed  I    How  notoriouily  . 
ahufed    fuch  exemplary    pofitions  or 
axioms  appear  to  be,    is  evident  from 
the  following  narration  of  fads  and  a 
fubfcquent  cafe  fubjoined  hereto. 

A  felfifh,  lucrative  and  a  defigning  fet 
of  people  to  oppofe  thetr  mealuret  and . 
invalidate  the  gracious  intentions  of 
the  higheit  council  in  the  nation,  viz. 
the  p— ^•t  I  The  parliament  out  of 
their  great  humanity,  &c.  vouchfafed 
to  lower  the  landtax  for  the  benefit  of 
the  landholder,  whilft  thofe  (ecret  ma- 
chinersf  for  their  crafty  purpofes  (un- 
der the  fpacious  name  of  a  pari(h-poor 
rate  in  the  parifti  of  M.  in  the  County 
of  C)  rofe  the  abated  ihilling  of  the 
land  tax,  which  made  the  poor  rate 
above  three  (hillings  in  the  pound  to 
the  landholder^  old  Cranbery,  their 
jnfenGble  clerk,  having  prevailed  on. 
two  people  of  the  neighbourhood  to 
colledt  the  above  rate,  began,  exulting 
he  would  make  an  eftate  eafy  enough, 
if  they  were  fo  irrefolute  in  defending 
their  owiij  he  could  pafs  the  account 
clearly  with  hia  own  coiifcience,  and 
demonftratively  prove  he  was  not  bound 
to  relieve  any  poor  rate  at  all.— N.  B. 

he  pays  none. And  further  I  have 

heard  (but  cannot  afcertain)  that  thofe 
beggarti  and  vagrants  have  a  feigned 
council,  a  juftice,  and  an  itinerant 
preacher,  who  not  only  rate  and  tax 
rich  property,  but  alfo  levy  fines  for 
difputing  the  juftnefs  of  their  claims. 
—  What  the  hidden  caufe  of  fuch  pro- 
ceedings may  mean,  unlcfs  enriching 
themfelves,  I  cannot  divine  5  rents  be- 
Lig  the  fame  thefe  twenty  years,  and  it 
is  well  known  the  landholder  cannot 
make  two  quantities  of  grain  on  the 
fame  acre  for  the  fpecifick  performance 
of  their  tyranny,  I  hope  it  is  the  only 
initance  of  the  venality  aad  perfidiouu* 

neft 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


A  Cafe  in  Poht: 


neft  of  tli^  inferior  thfs  of  people  in 
the  nation  i  clfe  Ifhould  be  induced  to 
think  the  prefent  race  of  mankind 
Irave  loft  that  noble  fptrit  of  honefty 
our  anceftors  were  fo  much  admired 
for  { that  pubHck  generofity,  that  prin- 
ciple of  candotto  that  gave  them 
the  title  of  invinpible.  How  facred 
joftice  wai  amongft  them !  FreeholJert 
of  Britain  were  lopked  upon  as  patterns 
pf  virtue^  Nilumms  leges  auglia  mutari 
was  their  chara£teriftick. 

Houfet  of  correction  and    county 
workhoufes  are  but  juft  talked  of»  and 
then  dropped. --Would  the  commif- 
fioners  of  the  peace  be  unanimous  and 
exert  themfelves,  the  neceifity  of  the 
former  and  the  latter,  m  well  as  a  clo- 
ler  execution  of  the  puhlick  and  va- 
grant a6ks»  would  abfolutely  appear  a 
proper  method  of  proceeding.    But  no 
extraordinary  exertion  of  penal   law 
will  have  anv  tfStGt^    unleis  thofe  peo- 
ple are  convinced  in  their  underftand- 
ings,  that  induftry  is  the  fource  of  all 
riches,  and  penal  laws  are  only  a  ter- 
ror to  knaves  i   induftry  is  the  princi- 
ple of  all  wealth,  and  ^  circulation  of 
money  from  rich  to   poor  by  undus 
means  oi)ly  enhances  the  price  of  all  ne- 
cefTaries  of  life.    We  are  never  likely  to 
compafs  a  competent  knowledge  of  our 
own  country  complaints  bjr  inveftigat- 
ing  the  caufes  from  foreign  fources, 
when  the  weazel  Scot  is  at  our  own 
doors,  our  temporalities  pi*eyed  upon» 
the  profits  of  labourers  and  labour 
drained,  our  expences  high,   and  cre- 
dit low,   and  exhaufted  of  that  caih 
that  was  the  fountain  and  the  agent  of 
domeftick    concerns. —What    trade, 
what  intercourfe,   or  what  commerce 
can  be  managed  without  reciprocal  in- 
duftry and  honefty  between  all  the  de- 
grees and  Aibordinations  of  a  pebple  in 
a  ftate.— Plain  reafons  as  theie  ibould 
open  people's  eyes,  and  enlarge  their 
underftandiiigs.  —  That    morai  good 
health,  eafe,  peace,   and  competence, 
are  the  confeauences  of  chriftian  like 

Jiurfuits,  and  ialutary  meafures  of  pub- 
ick  utility,  whilft  oppreflton,  robbery, 
and  wrong,  are  the  inlets  of  all  mif- 
chief,  and  the  brood  and  hatch  of 
anarchy  and  confuiion. 
I  conceive  all  overfeers  and  pan(h 


K0T5 


officers  that  have  Um  tart  of  die  poor, 
ihould  be  fwom  to  their  accountSp 
and  that  they  believed  the  people  re- 
lieveii  bad  need  of  fuch  relief.— «-Andy 
before  any  relief  allowed,  tbofe  people 
(hould,  on  oath,  give  a  fchedule,  or  in- 
ventory, of  all  their  goods  and  chat- 
telt,  with  the  value  thereof,  to  beltept 
in  the  parifti  regifter  as  evidence  of 
their  poverty.-* -And  alfo  to  be  year* 
ly  fworn,  that  their  circomftances  are 
not  improved  in  money,  or  effeQs, 
iince  thev  delivered  their  ichedule,  and 
before  tney  ihould  have  a  continuance 
of  the  faid  relief. —  If  thofe  people^re 
not  (bame  proof,  f  jch  a  prqpofed  me- 
thod, with  the  facred  fanf^ton  of  oaths, 
might  check  the  daring  and  overbear- 
ing liceatioufne(s  of  feigned  and  coun- 
terfeited mifery. 

A  C ASE'" Bet^wee/i  the  LoHJatv/feri  emJ 
ibiir  LamilMerst  oitd  the  P^nar  tfM. 
in  the  Cournij^  of  C.  e^mrefedd^   rrfem4 
to  w  tie  foregwig  Lfttir. 
ALL  lords  of  manors  and  hndown- 
•^^  ers  are  the  firft  proprietors  of  all 
the  real  and  mixt  profits  ^.apanfh. — 
Out  of  which  the  impropriator  bas  the 
tenth,  and  is  a  joint  proprietor  with 
other  landowners  by  letter  patent  ac- 
cording to  the  ftatute,  from  whom  tha 
vicar  has  an  annual  ftipend,    or  fala- 
ry,  appointed  by  the  ordinary  or  cuf- 
tom,  and  alfo  the  glebe. 

The  vicar  is  no  freeholder,  accord- 
ing to  Parfons  law,  folio  197.  If  it  it 
granted,  no  tenants  or  landholders  by 
leafe  have,  oc  can  uke,  a  gteater  ei- 
tate  than  his  contradt,  excepting  the 
privilege  of  g^uning  a  fettlement  and 
lerving  parifh  ofHtet  by  ftatute.— It 
appears  therefore,  that  lords  of  ma- 
nors and  landowners  only  confHtute  a 
parilh,  who  have  the  fee  Ample,  or 
the  right  of  the  freehold  of  the  glebe 
by  the  intendment,  or  confideration 
of  the  law  y  and  confequently  a  right 
to  the  extraordinary  profits  thereof 
liable  toine  teitth  ^,  at  afbrefaid,  to 
the  impropriator. 

Notwithftanding  which  the  vicar  of 
M..  having  by  a  real  or  pretended  af- 
fentof  the  tenants  and  landholdert  got 
a  com  prom  ife  for  the  cutting  down  and 
felling  the  timber  of  the  yard  of  the 


*  Ttvas  never  knonvn  tnvo  tenth j  being  fetfed  in  the  fame  peaijb.  One  fir  the  im* 
fropriatorf  and  the  other  fir  the  <uicary  therefore  it  it  prefumed  the  fad  iKo/tef  em^ 
kezxiement  and  mifafpUcation,  ameunts  t9  a  legal  caufe  oja^ion^ 

parift 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768;  Q.  tJ   E 

p.ari(h  chureb  of  M.  aforefaidy  and  for 
difpofing  of  the  fame  for  the  benefit, 
and  by  the  diredion  of  the  (aid  tenants 
and  landholders:— In  purfuanceof  the 
raid  agreement,  or  compromife,  the 
prardensy  by  the  orders  and  at  the  in- 
f^ance  of  the  aforefaid  vicar  of  M. 
i£lually  felled  and  fold  the  faid  timber 
trees  to  the  amount  of  eighteen  or 
twenty  pounds,  and  converted  the  fame 
to  their  own  ufe  by  ereding  of  houfes 
>B  the  lord's  wafte,  and  receiving  the 
i>rofits  thereof^  without  accounting  to 
the  landowners— (which  I  humbly 
prefotte  they  ihould  do  according  to 
the  known  laws>  in  being)  for  the  in'- 
^ringemeat  of  their  faid  right  and  pro- 
perty. It  is  acknowledged  all  necef- 
(ary  quantities  of  the  growth  and 
produce  of  the  faid  timber  might  hav« 
9een  granted  for  reparation,  upon  a 
Faiir  eftimate,  but  tio  application  was 
itiade  to  the  landowners. 

And  it  is  ^conceived  (as  the  tenants 
Formerly  fiipulated  to  pay  all  rates  and 
government  taxes  with  contingent  dif- 
;>urfements  for  repairs)  the  aforefaid 
eighteen  or  twenty  pounds  or  as  much 
18  ihould  appear  to  he  upon  account 
ind  ballance)  (hould  have  been  equally 
livided  between  tbe  landowners,  pro 
"ot^f  of  their  refpe^ive  freeholds,  or 
iifpofed  of  by  them  at  their  difcre* 
rioiit  by  the  major  voice,  for  the  pnb« 
ick  benefit  of  all  individuals. 
Your,  Scc» 
A  plain f  but  bonefl  FnthoJder. 

P.  S.  Pleafe  to  apprehend  that  the 
difficulty  of  rating  perfonal  eftates  is 
he  (burceof  a  great  many  of  the  land- 
lolders  misfortunes.  —He  being  there- 
by rendered  tbe  butt  end  of  ail  wife 
rateSj  whilf  thofe  pofleffed  of  ao, 
io,  ud  100,000 1.  in  ftock  or  fpecie 
}ay  nothing  at  all. 

Q.  Why  a  landholder's  perfonals 
}iouI3  pay  a  rate  any  more  than  a 
:radfman*s  perfonaU.  When  equality 
1^  the  ba6s  of  all  taxation  ? 

If  evtry  fanner  is  obliged  to  find  a 
]ouble  quantity  of  goods  for  the  pur- 
chafe  of  what  be  formerly  bought  at 
one  half,  fuch  farmer  muft  needs  be 
in  a  precarious  ftate,  as  it  is  well 
known  no  land  will  yield  twice  the 
(juantity  of  a  full  crop,  and  alfo  the 
more  the  following  articles  (enu- 
merated amoii^ft  others)  are  ad- 
vanced, tbe  higher  he  moft  main- 
lAin  his  market  pricc|  and  uj^o.  due* 


R  r  E  s;  5«^ 

confideratlon  of  his  cal^,  all  markets 
Aonld  be  at  an  indifferent  mediuni 
higher,  as  his  induftry  and  labour  pays 

Two  rents— Landlord  and  chiefrent. 

Three  taxes— Houfe  tax,  window 
tax,  and  land  tax. 

Three  rates—County  ftock,  hjgli* 
ways,  and  poor*s  rate. 

Church  and  pari(h  dues.  Two  fortf 
of  tithes  great  and  fmall.  Government 
compofitions,  cxcife,  &c.  Petty  law- 
fuits,  common  charities,  benevolences 
and  compofitions,  weddings,  and  ne' 
ceffary  vails.-^  -  ( Afearful  long  account) 
without  an  equivalent  for  wear  and 
plough  bote.  '  (Sec  gur  vol.  for  176?. 

7b  the  AUTHOR  of  tbe  LONDOJT 
MAGAZINE. 
8  I  R, 

ONE  hundred,  thirty  three  thou- 
land,  feven  hundred  and  eight 
feamen  loft  by  ficknefs  in  the  laft  war, 
and  only  fifteen  hundred  and  twelve  in 
aAion !  Can  a  humane  man  read  this 
without  great  concern,  and  alfo,  con- 
fidering  with  himfelf  if  any  means 
could  be  fallen  upon  to  prevent  (o 
great  an  obftaclc  to  the  operations  and 
fuccefs  of  our  navy,  at  a  time,  when 
perhaps  the  (afety  of  Great  Britain 
might  depend  thereon.  It  has  beea 
urged  by  the  beft  judges,  that  the  pre- 
fent  regulations  relative  to  the  fick  ia 
the  navy,  do  not  admit  bf  their  be- 
Hifir  furnifhed  with  proper  medical  af. 
fiftancej  and  it  is  furely  worth  inquiring 
of  the  examining  furgeons,  how  Jul 
thefc  complaints  are,  that  luch  cxpc- 
dients  for  their  relief  might  be  adopt- 
ed  as  were  conducive  to  prevent  f^ 
alarming  a  mortality  among  our  fea- 
men. The  important  fubJeS  of  thefe 
interefting  pieces  will  I  hope  induce 
vou  to  infert  them  in  your  Magazine, 
by  which  the  fources  of  this  dreadful 
calamity  are  pointed  out,  with  fu/ff. 
cient  evidence  to  fuch  as  are  open  to 
convidHon,  and  inclined  to  prevent  fo 
confiderable^ancvil,  before  this  coun- 
try finks  under  the  weight  of  it,  to 
which  it  muft  very  much  contribute 
by  the  apparent  tf^dt  fuch  lofs  of  men 
muft  have  on  the  general  fuccefs  or 
event  of  any  war  we  may  be  engaged 
in.  Two  of  thefe  pieces  have  been 
publifhed  long  ago,  but  hitherto  neg* 
le6led,  beoaufe  the  navy  furgeons  were 
deemed  to(>lovr  a  fet  of  people  to  be 

P(gyide4 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


Of  the  Mortality  of  SeamefT. 


i;9« 

provided  for,  and  thus>  theftrength  of 
the  navy,  and  the  lives  of  thofe  men, 
Who  fet  therafelves  in  jeopardy  for  the 
prefervation  of  every  thing  that  is  dear 
to  us,  have  been  facrificed  by  a  very 
criminal  neglef^. 

Let  it  be  remembered  alfo,  that 
when  God  had  blelfed  us  during  laft 
war,  with  fuccefs  beyond  hope  or  ex- 
ample, yet  at  the  concluiion  of  it,  we 
let  at  nought  all  his  mercies  to  us, 
I.  e,  gave  up  the  fi^uits  of  our  fuc- 
cefles  without  adequate  confideration, 
reward,  or  fecurity,  for  the  blood  and 
treafure  expended  to  procure  them, 
and  thereby  rendered  ourfelves  obnox- 
ious for  all  the  blood  fpilt  in  that  ne- 
ceiTary  and  fuccefsful  war.  It  appears 
to  me  convincing,  that '  fuch  was  the 
fin  of  the  king  of  lirael  recorded  in 
the  soth  chapter  and  42d  verfe  of  the 
firft  book  of  Kings,  to  wit,  rejcfting 
and  defpifing  the  protection  and  favour 
of  God,  (hewn  to  him  in  the  vi6tori^ 
obtained  over  Benhadad  kin^  of  Syria, 
and  alfo,  in  a  light  eflimation  of  the 
blood  of  his  fubjedts,  who  were  (lain 
in  procuring  that  fuccefs  *for  him,  by 
which  he  made  himielf  guilty  of  their 
deaths;  and,  accordingly,  the  Supreme 
Being  by  his  prophet,  denounced  to 
him  (without  any  previous  revelation 
for  his  condudi,  beyond  tlie  a(rurance 
Of  prote^ion)  that  **  becaufe  thou  haib 
let  go  a  man,  whom  I  had  appointed 
to  utter  de(lru6lion,  therefore  thy  life 
fha>.  go  for  his  life,  and  thy  people  for 
his  people/'  But,  in  whatever  light, 
our  condu6^  in  concluding  the  late 
peace  may  appear  to  tho(e  perfons  who 
for  their  iniquities  are  given  over  to  a 
reprobate  mind,  yet  it  it  furely  pru- 
dent in  thofe  who  feel  for  the  intereft 
and  fafety  of  their  country,  to  urge 
with  all  their  power,  authority,  and  in- 
fluence, fuch  meafures  as  have  a  ten- 
dency to  conciliate  the  Divine  Being, 
and  contribute  to  our  defence  and  fecu- 
rity againftan  enemy  who,  we  well  know, 
will  neglect  no  opportunity  to  opprefs 
lis  J  to  this  purpofe,  unleft  an  Egyp- 
tian infatuation  impelling  us  to  our 
complete  and  final  ruin  (to  which  this 
nation  feeros  approaching  very  fpeedi- 
Jy)  prevent  us  fjom  feeing  the  im* 
pending  eyil,  till  it  comes  rudiing  up- 
on us,  the  following  regulations  feeoi 
iblutely  necedary. 

1.  Annual  parliaments  chofen  by 
ballot.  , .    . 


Nov; 


«.  Oblijrtng  the  clergy  to  refidence. 

3.  Shewing  mercy  to  the  poor,  bf 
taking  off  the  bounty  on  corn  export- 
ed, and  allowing  the  importatioii  of 
live  ftock  from  Ireland  1  as  it  is  tlieie 
laws  that  encourage  and  enable  tbe 
farmers  and  others  to  fell  provilioflsat 
a  price  oppre(five  tq  the    poor,  asd 

'  ruinous  to  trade  and  population,  asj 
thereby  to  the  indepenaeocy  of  this 
nation. 

4.  Repealing  the  declaratory  bill  <» 
the  fovereignty  of  Great-Britain  otct 
the  colonies,  as  enforcing  thu  ad 
will  be  produ61ive  of  total  roio  to  oor 
trade  with  North- Ajnerica,  and  alfi) 
of  driving  them  into  tbe  arras  of  our 
enemies  \  for  a  proper  idea  of  this  de- 
(lru6tive  a6t,  let  the  reader  fee  what 
•ur  modern  Ariftides  has  faid  about 
it,  in  his  fpeech  inferted  in  tbe  London 
Magazine  for  Feb.  1768,  and  alfo  that 
valuable  book  The  Prefcnt  State  dP 
Great-Britain,  or  an  abftrad  of  it  ia 
the  London  Magazine  for  May  1767. 

5.  Repealing  the  game  laws,  as  aids 
of  univerfal  injuftice  to  thofe  who  hold 
under  an  hundred  pounds  per  ammm^ 
and  as  fuch  a  national  (in. 

6.  Strengthening  our  navy  andmifi- 
tia,  by  which  ajone  it  is  in  our  power 
to  fecure  burfelves  againft  tbe  fuperior 
land  forces  of  the  French* 

Vatm. 

ExtrABfrom  the  Preface  to  The  Naval 
ttiltory,  Burchett  tbe  Author  of  vjkick, 
nvas  Secret aty  to  the  Admtraly,   adt, 
Member  of  the  Houfe  ofComweomj. 
«  np  H I S  I  think  I  may  venture  to 
X    fay,  that  many  of  the  for^geoss, 
but  more  especially  their  mates,  winch 
are  employed  in  the  fleet,  vz  not  alto- 
gether to  well  qualified  as  tbey  oogto 
to  be ;  and  yet  the  poor  men  are  for- 
ced to  depend  on  theif  (kill,  not  only 
in  forgery,  but  in  phyfic  alfo. 

Whether  the  prefeot  allowance  is 
fufficient  to  invite  knowing  men  tt> 
undertake  this  duty  (condderiag  they 
are  in  pay  no  longer  than  tbe  (bips 
tbey  ferve  in)  I  fubmit  to  judg^meBt, 
and  (hall  only  add,  that  if  it  is  noi»  i 
do  heartily  wi(h  it  was  made  ib,  fiace 
thofe  men  in  the  fhips  that  are  pr»» 
mifcuoufly  employed  bath  at  bome-iHii 
abroad,  do  when  they  happen  to  be 
iick,  or  wounded,  ftand.Qr  £aU,  in  a 
great  meafure,  by  their  admiRiftnoioB 
to  themi  and  as  X  bavjt  firane  realba  ta 

dwik 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


VJbS, 


doubt,  whether  there  are  many  of  the 
aUeft  of  our  Tea  furgeons  qualified  to 
judge  niceW  of  many  diftempers  tod- 
dent  to  a  iaiior,  fo  muft  they,  if  not 
to  qualified  be  coiifequently  greatly  to 
feek  for  proper  remedies.** 

J^raa  from  Dr.  CockbQm*9  Trettifc 
on  Sea  Difcafef,  *wb6  imu  emphyedas 
a  Ply/idan  im  tbi  Navym 
«« '-THOUGH  this  matter  be  tndy 
-'-  ftated  by  fo  able  a  judge,  and 
who  has  told  the  circumftancet  of  thefe 
iDiferable,  though  neceiTary  people,  at 
well  as  offered  many  thing;,  that  if 
obferved,  might  reallv  remedy  this 
evil,  yet  I  muft  beg  leave  to  repre- 
fent  fome  fundamental  miftaket  in 
this  article  of  the  navy.  Firft,  As  to 
what  he  fays  modeflly  of  the  furgeons, 
it  is  too  true,  but  in  the  prefent  confti- 
tution  of  the  navy,  it  is  not  to  be 
hoped  that  they  fliould  ever  be  fuffi- 
ciently  tiualified  for  their  bufinefs; 
what  is  more  in  ev^ry  man*s  mouth, 
than  a  furgeon  of  exfkrience,  and  yet, 
if  he  pleads  to  look  narrowly  into  this 
part  of  the  navy,  he  will  find  mofl  of 
the  furgeons  employed  every  war,  new 
men,  and  confequently  unexperienced} 
it  is  worth  inquiry,  whether  thefe  fur- 
geons leave  the  navy  voluntarily  or 
iBeet  with  fuch  difficulties  when  their 
ihip  is  paid  off  at  the  cdncludon  of  a 
war,  as  difcourage  them  from  entring 
again  into  this  fervice.  Mr.  Burchett 
muft.think  this  a  mighty  defeat,  and 
of  the  worfl  confequence,  on  the  other 
hJind,  if  this,  and  fome  other  miftaket 
were  mended,  the  fargeons  of  the  na- 
vy might  be  as  good  as  are  any  where 
el  fe  to  be  found. 

Next,  as  to  medicinet,  they  ate 
naoft  injudicioufly  choien,  and  provid- 
ed in  a  wrong  method,  much  to  the 
df  fcouragement  of  the  (ba  furgeon,  and 
ibme  di&afbs-  altogether  negledled  in 
their  inventory.  Whereas,  If  there 
were  a  better  choice,  they  might  come 
cheaper  to  the  furgeon,  and  the  men 
too  would  thence  be  more  properly 
taken  care  of)  now,  in  this  def(C^ft  of 
knowledge  and  tools,  is  it  any  wonder, 
that  this  great  expence»  (hould  be  to 
^  little  purpofe  ?** 

Miim^rialofibe  Navy  Smrgwu  to  tht  Ad-^ 

ndralty. 
^  W  ^  ^^  itnrgeoat  in  bis  majeft}^! 
^^    navy  beg  leave  to  lay  iefore 
Nov.  176^. 


Mmmdofthe  Umff  Swrge^ns. 


your  lerdfhlpf^  thfs  repfefentatiofi  of 
the  difad vantages  perfons  of  our  pro* 
feflion  labour  under,  who  mean  th 
feek  an  efiablifhment  in,  and  dedicate 
tbemfelves  to  the  naral  fervice. 

Bat  in  order  that  the  defiga  of  thje 
memorial  may  appear  in  it^tullexteoty 
we  beg  leave  to  mention  a  means  of 
encouragement,  whereby  we  apprehend 
the  acknowledged  fcardty  of  mates  In 
the  navy,  the  inAecurity  of  the  (ick  and 
wounded,  and  many  other  inconv^* 
niences  arifing  therefrom  may  be  fuc- 
cefsfully  remedied. 

May  we  be  permitted  then  in  that 
view  to  obferve  in  regard  to  the  fear- 
city  of  mates,  that  very  few  of  the 
fhips  of  force  have  their  complement  s 
and  fome  remain  wholly  unfupplied  j 
the  confequence  of  which  to  an  un« 
healthy  orwounded  {hip*s  company,  ef* 
pecially,  if  the  furgeon  himfelf  is  ill, 
muft  be,  that  numbers  of  thofe  men^ 
which  the  government  ts  at  a  great  ey- 
pence  to  procure,  are  loft  for  want  of 
proper  care,  and  the  fervice  in  other 
refpe^ls  greatly  impeded. 

But  this  defe^  js  not  the  only  in« 
convenience  relative  to  the  mates  of 
furgeons,  for  much  the  greater  part  of 
thofe  who  db  come  into  the  navy  are 
very  ill  Qualified  for  the  truft  that  muft 
frequently  be  repofed  in  them  as  mates* 
but  efpecially,  when  th^  commence 
furgeons,  which  muft  of  neceflity  bo 
frequent,  we  need  not  point  out, 
that  hereby  the  lives  of  maiw  feamen 
are  expofed  to  greaterdanger  from  fuch 
incapacity,  than  even  the  utmoft  ef- 
fort of  the  enemy. 

The  preceeding reflections  which  are 
no  lefs  true,  than  affe^ing,  will,  we 
doubt  not  plead  our  excuie  for  laying 
this  addreis  before  your  lordfhips,  in 
the  hope  that  it  may  be  produ6tive  of 
fuch  an  eftabliihment  as  fiiall  induce 
able  perfons  to  offer  themfelfes  for 
thefe  employmenu:  For,  as  we  are 
beft  acquainted  with  the  obje6lions  that 
furgeonc  of  ability  make  to  coming  in- 
to the  navy,  or  continmng  in  it,  we 
venture^  to  explain  Trom  what  fource 
fuch  difincKnation,  arifes,  jind  cannot 
help  afTuring  ourfelves  that  if  what  we 
offer  (hould  be  honoured  with  approba- 
tion, it  will  not  fail  to  encourage  (\»ch 
perfons  as  are  properly  qualified  to 
come*  into  the  fervice.  Whatever 
leeming  fetf  intereft  may  be  implied  in 
the  tenor  of  this  mtaiorial,  we  pre* 

4  9  iiuue 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


59» 

fume  that  a  deliberate  and  unpreja- 
.  diced  attention  will  find  it  really  cal- 
cuUted  for  promotine  the  good  of  hit 
^isajefty's  fcrvice,  and  will  alio  be  con- 
ducive to  the  iatisfaflion  your  lord - 
fliips  muft  receive,  from  committing 
to  the  care  of  men  of  proper  capacity 
fo  valuable  a  fet  of  people  as  conCb- 
tute  the  Britifli  navyt  efpecially,  when 
that  care  will  alfo  reduce  that  great 
loft  wliich  the  government  muft  fuf- 
.  tain  front  the  want  of  proper  medical 
.Judgment  and  advice. 

Therefore,  we,  the  memoralifts,  flat- 
ter ourfelvet  your  lordihipa  will  be  in- 
tereftedto  confider  that  whilft  the  fame 
daft  of  men  throughout  the  army  are 
encouraged  and  rewarded  with  half- 
pay,  that  whilft  other  ranks  of  officers 
!  in,  the  navy  enjoy  the  fame  without  re- 
ftriaion  of  fervitude,  the.  furgeona 
fliould  be  diftinguiibcd  as  objcft^defti- 
tute  of  this  aid  and  refource. 

A.  body  of  men  who  not  only  (hare, 
in  common  with  other  officers,  the  fa- 
tigues and  hazards  of  the  fea,  of  cli- 
mates, and  of  war,  but  even  incur  the 
JFarther  dangers  of  infeAion  to  which 
their  profeffion  renders  them  pecu- 
liarly expofed,  and  in  the  ^ercife  of 
which  they  have  been  fa  often  known 
to  fall  a  facrifice  »  They  likewife  beg 
leave  to  obferve  that  of  the  number  of 
furgeons  of  which  the  body  confifts, 
very  few  can  be  found  with  the  nioft 
frugal  oeconomy  that  have  acquired  in 
the  fervice,  fufficient  even  to  be  cf- 
teemed  a  decent  competence  for  them- 
felyes,  much  Icfs  a  family;  by  much 
the  greateft  part  are  indigent,  and  on 
z  reftoration  of  peace,  whilft  every 
other  officer  can  either  be  employed 
at  fea,  or  has  his  refource  of  half  pay, 
the  furseons  muft  be  left  alone  to  la- 
ment their  incapacity  to  live. 

Thei^  ftate  and  condition  is  fucb, 
that  bemg  early  and  conftantly  fepa- 
rated  from  all  connections  a  (hore, 
which  afford  a  comfortable  fubfiftence 
for  thetplelves  and  families,  they  be* 
.  come  from  their  attendance  on  the 
Mavy  deprived  of  the  ufual  opportimi- 
ties  by  which  they  might  othejwife 
have  availed  themfelves  with  fuccef*. 

They   alfo  conceive   that  as   their 

^  profpeas  are  To  narrowly  circumfcrib- 

'  «d,   fo  ought    they  proportionally  to 

benefit  in  the  limited  fphere  in  which 

they  a^ :  That  licttieaanls  have  not 


LIFE    OF 


Nor. 


only  retaining  gratuities  from  the  nno- 
ment  they  inga^,  but  are  alio  incour- 
agcd  to  bear  the  incooveniences  of  their 
ftation  by  the  unbounded  gradatioos  to 
eminence  which  ftand  before  them) 
but  the  furgeon  hath  no  hopes  to  keep 
expectation  alive,  no  circumftance  (rt 
rank  or  honour  to  infpire  his  zeal, 
animate  his  induftry,  or  compenfate 
for  the  time,  labour,  andexpence  that 
is  required  to  qualify  him  ia  his  pro> 
feffion  I  his  little  gain  is  uncertain  ia 
its  duration,  and  he  is  hirofelf,  after 
long  and  painful  fervice,  deftitute  of 
fupport  from  that  government  to 
which  he  has  been  fo  faithfully  and 
abfolutely  devoted. 

*The  furgeons  therefore  of  his  raa- 
jefty*s  navy,  from  a  due  regard  of  the 
honour  and  advantage  of  the  fervice  in 
which  they  are  ingaged,  for  the  health 
and  lives  of  thofe  mcift  valuable  fob- 
jeCVs  committed  to  their  care  {  for  the 
|ntereft  of  themrelves,  their  families, 
and  fociety  in  general,  hope  that  your 
lord  (hips  will  patronize  this  memorial, 
and  recommend  fuch  encouragement 
as  you  (hall  think  neceftary  and  fuft.'* 
The  following  accouiit  of  feamen 
taken  into  the  fervice  laft  war  wat 
given  to  the  Uoufe  of  Commons  by  the 
admiralty  at  the  concludon  of  lalt  war, 
and  may  ferve  as  a  proof  of  what  is  ad- 
vanced above. 

To  killed  in  engagements  X5rft 

Dead  of  difeales  and  mifling  13370S 
Remaining  49^73 


r 


184S91 

Tie  Life  of  Pope  Sixtus  V.  CtrnHnutd 
from  p.  537. 
'F  he  was  thus  generous  to  bis 
nieces,  he  was  much  more  (b  to  his 
nephew  Mic.  Peretti,  the  only  male  heir 
tiiat  was  left  to  propagate  his  name 
and  family :  as  he  had  already  fuffict- 
encly  enriched  the  cardinal,  with  Urge 
beneiicesand  other  honourable  appoint- 
ments, he  now  purcnaled  the  principa* 
iity  of  '^cnetro,  the  marquifate  of  La- 
mentada,  and  the  county,  or  count- 
(hip,  of  Cclano  for  hit  brother,  and 
gave  him  an  eftate  of  60,000  crowM 
per  atmumt  with  two  foperb  pahlcei, 
one  in  the  country  and  the  other  at 
Rome,  both  furniilied  in  a  regal  man- 
ner I  and  it  was  computed)  that  at'iite 
death  of  his  unclci  ha  was  worth  so 

icady 


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POPE    SIXTUS     V. 


1768. 

*'cady  money  and  jewels^  above  three 
hundred  thoufand  crowns.  He  was 
married  very  young  to  a  priHcefs  of  the 
Colonna  family,  of  great  beauty  and 
accomplifbments.  The  ifTue  ot  this 
marriage,  that  lived,  was  only  a  ron> 
and  a  daughter,  who  married  prince 
8avelli,  hereditary  grand  marlhal  of 
the  church  ,  luckily  Tot  that  family,  at 
flie  lived  to  be  fule  heir  to  her  own. 

The  Ton,  Francis  Peretti,  lived  as  a 
layman  till  the  death  of  hit  uncle  the 
cardinal,  who  enjoyed  an  annual  re- 
Tenue  of  above  40,000  crowns,  from 
fome  abbiei  that  Sixtus  had  given  him^i 
which  were  to  defcend  at  his  death  to 
the  next  heir   of  the    Pcretti  family 
that    was    qualified    to    hold    them. 
When  that  happened,    he  went  into 
orders,  and  took  upon  him  the  ecclefi- 
aftical  habit,  for  the  fake  of  keeping 
fo  much  preferment  in  the  family,  and 
afTumed   the    title  of   abbot   Peretti. 
His   uncle    left    him    above    400,000 
crowns  more  in  money,   &c.    When 
the  prin^ce  his  father  died,    he  became 
the  richeft  prelate  that  ever  was  in  the 
church.    He  was  a  great  partifan  of 
Spain,  from  which  crown  he  received, 
in    penfions    and    benefices,     50,000 
crowns  per  annum.     It  was  computed, 
that  the  whole  of  his  income  amount- 
ed   to   the    yearly   fum    of    180,000 
crowns.    Though  he  was  t)Ut  an  ab- 
bot, he  had  a  court  like  a  prince,  and 
-was  much 'more  followed  and  efteemed 
than  any'  prelate  or  cardinal  in  Rome. 
Some  thought  he  would  have  quitted] 
the  ecclefiadical  habit  to  keep  up  the 
name  of  Peretti,  and  put  on  the  mili- 
tary ;    but  he  did  not  much  trouble 
himfelf  about  pofterity,   and    feemed 
rather  to  aim  at  the  purple. 

The  king  of  Spain  created  him  fu- 
perintendant  general  of  all  his  a/Fairt 
m  Italy;  fo  that  the  governor  of  Mi- 
]an>  the  viceroys  of  Sicily,  Naples, 
and  Sardinia,  and  the  ambafTadors  at 
the  court  of  Rome,  in  a  manner,  de- 
pended upon  him :  be  was  nanied  by 
that  king  for  a  hat  $  but  the  two  Bar- 
t>CTini*s  did  not  care  to  have  one  in- 
tfa^  college,  that  would  have  fo  much 
otitihiued  them  $  and  as^  Peretti  did  not 
Ihew  them  a  great  deal  of  refpeft, 
vrhilft  he  was  only  an  abbot,  they  con- 
cifs<}ed  he  would  (hew  them  fnll  lefs 
Dvlien  he  came  to  be  cardinal.  This 
hindered  hit  promotion  above  fix 
y^skn,  as  Urban  would  not  create  any 


593 


upon  that  account,  thouffh  he  wat 
moft  esmeftly  follicited  by  the  king  of 
Spain :  his  holinefi,  however,  was 
forced  to  Comply  at  lad,  and  he  was 
made  cardinal- prieft  by  that  poDtif* 
retaining  the  name  of  Peretti;  and 
without  doubt,  if  he  had  lived,  would 
have  been  one  of  the  greateft  and  moft 
powerful  cardinals  that  Rome  ever 
law  i  but  he  died  within  two  years  after 
his  exaltation  to  the  purple,  poifoned, 
as  it  was  fuppofed,  by  tbofe  that  envied 
him.  He  made  his  filler,  that  wat 
married  to  prince  Savclli,  his  heir,, 
without  which  ac(juifitton  of  fortune^ 
that  family  mud  inevitably  have  been 
ruined,  their  debts  amounting  to  a-, 
bove  a  million  of  crowns.  In  hin^ 
ended  the  name  of  Peretti :  fuch  was 
the  rife,  progrefs^  and  extin^ion  of 
that  family." 

Towards  the  end  of  his  reign  he 
marched  a  confiderable  body  of  troops 
to  the  borders  of  Naples,  intending  a 
fudden  defcent  on  that  kingdom ;  but 
being  apprehenfive  his  defign  was  dif-, 
covered  he  fuddenly  returned  to  Rome* 
where  he  wat  taken  ill.  **  Some  months 
before  he  died  he  was  troubled  with 
an  intehfe  pain  in  his  head,  which  he 
ihiputed  to  his  too  great  application, 
to  bufinefs ;  and  being  one  day  at  a 
publick  fignature,  he  entered  into  a 
long^  difcourfe  concerning  the  quality 
of  his  diforder,  the  nature  of  his  con- 
ftitution,  his  common  regimen,  and 
the  remedies  that  were  proper  to  ha 
made  ufe  of;  often  quoting  Galen 
and  Hippocrates  with  as  much  readi* 
nefs  as  if  he  had  been  educated  a  phy- 
iician. 

Notwithftanding  he  perceived  hit 
malady  dailv^  ^row  upon  him,  he 
would  not  refrain  from  budnefs,  as  he 
faid  it  was  a  relief  and  amufement  to 
him,  indulging  himfelf  but  little  in  re- 
pofe,  though  his  nephew  and  fifter 
were  very  urgent  with  him  to  t^ke 
more  care  of  his  health,  and  fpare 
himfelf  fometiines;  but  h,e  did  not 
pay  much  regard  to  their  advice,  or  the 
prefcriptions  of  his  phyiicians,  feem- 
mg  rather  to  make  a  joke  of  their 
confultations  ;  though  he  would  often 
fend  for  and  order  them  to  ciifcourft 
of  the  nature  6f  his  difeafe  before  him,. 

He  went  much  abroad,  fometimet 
on  horfeback,  though  oftener  on  foot, 
for  he  was  very  fond  of  walking,  and 
never  entered  into  converfation  about 

4  F  «  bufinefs^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


XaJI  lUnefs  atid  Dtath  rfSitOu, 


5f4 

bufineff,  with  ambaiTadori,  w  oth^r 
popes  uied  to  do.  at  chofe  tiioeSy  but  ati* 
initted  them  to  an  audtence,  ffpnt* 
raiW  leaning  upon  a  table,  his  indif- 
pontion  not  penhittiA|;  him  to  a6l  with 
his  ufual  fpjrit  and  yit acity.  He  had 
the  faying  of  Tefpafian  frequently  in 
hU  mouth,  ^  That  a  prince  ou^ht  to 
die  ftandins^)*'  that  it,  labouring  to 
the  very  laft  moment  of  hia  life  far 
the  ^od  of  his  country :  A  maxim 
which  he  ftri^ly  followed,  giving  au« 
dience  and  doing  bufinefs,  even  upon 
Chofe  days  that  he  found  himfelf  the 
ivorfty  and  beine  angry  at  iiich  at 
would  have  dilTuaded  bim  from  it. 

On  Saturday  the  i8th  of  Auguft,  he 
went  with  a  numerous  attendance  ta 
St.  Maria  di  Tedefchi,  a  Germaa 
church,  at  the  particular  defire  of  the 
proteAor  of  that  nation,  to  return 
God  thanks  for  the  convi^rfion  of  a 
German  prince,  which  was  effected  by 
the  labours  of  fome  Fathers  of  the 
Francifcan  order:  And  to  give  the 
greater  proof  of  bis  devotion,  be  both 
^ent  thither  and  returned  on  foot. 

On  Monday  he  was  feized  with  a 
high  fever,  which  began  with  a  (hiver- 
ings  and  notwithftanding  the  moft 
earneft  roUicitations  of  hi^  phyficiana 
imd  relations  to  the  cpotranr,  he  got 
i}p»  g^yt  audience,  and  difpatched 
Ibmeaftairs  that  might  very  well  have 
been  let  alone  till  another  time,  aa 
they  did  not  requit;e  much  expedition. 
After  that,  he  fcnt  for  the  governor, 
and  commanded  him  to  condemn  tJ^ 
Hie  prifoners,  that  were  convi^ed  of 
any  crime,  to  the  galleys,  and  fend 
them  away  dircdiy  to  Civita  Vecchia* 

On  Wednefday  he  had  a  more  vio- 
lent return  of  his  fever  t  the  next 
morning  (being  the  day  of  intermif- 
fion)  he  aflifted  at  a  congregation  of 
^he  Holy  Office,  and  caufed  feveral 
;|ffairs  of  ^reat  importance  to  be  dif- 
cuflcd  in  his  prefence,  feeming  to  take 
it  i|],  that  fome  cardinala,  at  the  de- 
fire  of  the  phyiicians,  endeavoured  tQ 
hurry  things  over  in  ^  perfundlory 
manner,  and  called  for  a  lift  of  fuch 
9$  were  in  the  prifons  of  the  inqui^- 
tion.  Though  his  fever  returned  eve* 
ry  lime  wi^h  greater  fury,  he  never 
would  eat  in  b^,  but  always  rofe  a^d 
iat  down  witl^  companv  to  the  table, 
»nd  fecmed  particulany  fond  of  raw 
{ruit. 

On  Sunday  they  gave  him  (biqo 


Nov, 

CafRa  and  Maooa,  whi^h  had  no  greaa 
eflfeA  upon  him,  as  he  did  not  cake 
the  whole  dofe )  after  which  bia  fever 
increafed  to  fuch  a  degree,  that,  lldok- 
ing  himfelf  in  great  danger,  be  heard 
ma(s  and  received  the  facrament )  bat 
growing  weaker  and  weaker,  they 
made  aH  hafte  to  give  him  the  £ztrex»e 
Unftion,  before  which  he  lent  for 
Caftagna,  whom  he  always  looked  upon 
aa  his  fucceflbr,  and  recommeBdingto 
him  the  difpatch  of  certain  affiiirs  that 
were  then  depending  before  ibmc  of  the 
congregations,  he  faid  to  his  nephew, 
who  was  prefent,  «  Thia  is  the  inot 
worthy  cardinal  in  the  whole  college.** 

On  Mondav  the  ayth  of  Aoguft, 
1 590,  in  the  du(k  of  the*  evening,  be 
expired  in  the  arms  of  the  ahove-weo- 
tioned  cardinal,  his  nephew  and  othef 
relations  weeping  bittarly  by  hia  bed- 
fide.** 

^'  As  he  died  in  the  palace  at  Monte 
Cavallo,  his  body  was  carried  in  a  lit- 
ter to  St.  Peter*s>  and  there  interred 
with  the  uAial  ceremonies  1  his  nepheir 
cardinal  Mdntalto  (a  'perfon  of  extra- 
ordinary virtue)  removed  it  the  year 
after  with  great  pomp  to  a  chap^ 
which  he  had  built  in  St.  Maria  Mag- 
giore,  wifere  he  celebrated  bis  oble- 
quies  with  a  magnificence  due  to  lb 
great  a  pontif." 

We  Aullnow  conclude  with  iboM 
features  of  hia  cbaraider  which  have 
not  been  exhibited  in  the  foregoiog 
pages :  <<  He  ftrenuoufiy  defended  the 
ri^hu  of  the  poor,  the  deftitute,  the 
widoW|  amd  n|herle(s,  nobly  foppoct- 
ing  the  majeffy  of  the  tribimak.  In 
(bort,  he  bad  wrought  iiich  a  refor- 
mation in  Rome,  that  the  governor 
told  him  one  day,  ^  The  pUce  of  a 
judge  was  now  become  ^  perfed  JSm 
our.'*  To  which  he  anfwered,  **  That 
if  he  thought  the  people  would  reUpfe 
into  their  former  licentiquGiiefa,  alter 
he  was  dead,  he  would  habg  tbena  aH 
whiift  he  waa  alive/* 

He  waa  very  eafy  of  acce6,  and 
refilled  audience  to  nobody,  ordering 
his  maftera  of  the  cereanoniet  to  intio- 
duce  the  pooreft  to  bim.  firft :  But 
was  more  particularly  ready  to  hair 
fuch  as  brought  any  accuiation  agaiaft 
their  t^Mgiro-atea  or  governor,  aad 
ipade  theoi  explain  ev«7  minute  par- 
ticular of  their  comphunt.  The  Mit 
condud  be  obfenred  betwixt  the  clergy 
and  their  fupcriorit  alwaya  ^^lyiug 

^oidt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fjSt. 


Hit  CHA.lt  ACT  lU. 


etcrt  ftimdm.  Bm  he  nevtr 
ed  to  aaj  one  tlitt  oompfauMd  of  U3IM 
9uid  dudob  wludi  ankoanted  to  tbrty 
^  aombtry  as  he  hiniidf  had  taBpoM 
them.  Thefe  wero  coUeaod  bf  ottcert 
appointed  lor  that  furpoCrt  with  fa 
sauch  lifourand  exaaaeit»  that  there 
was  Aot  a  day»  beyond  the  tinae  fixed* 
allowed  for  the  payoaent  of  theo^  to 
the  great  impoverUhment  of  the  ec« 
clefiafticatftate, 

.  He  indulged  his  (bbiefts  in  a  mat 
deal  of  liberty  at  the  tkne  of  the 
Carnival,  pennining  them  to  divert 
themielvet  with  feaftst  balk,  comedies, 
maiboerades,  and  poblick  fpe&aclet  t 
And  this  not  onl^  in  Rome,  bat  quite 
through  his  dominions,  ^nring  orders 
to-sU  the  gOTemors  of  cities  and  pro* 
▼ioces  to  do  the  feme.  Some  have 
laid  that  his  defign  in  this  was  to  lay 
a  temptation  in  beople*s  way  of  tranf- 
grefling  his  editts  (as  it  was  natural 
enouah  to  expea)  amidft  the  revelling 
and  d1fl^mtion  of  thon^t  tlmt  is  ofoal 
at  fuch  times  t  But  thu  is  doing  him 
^reat  injotice,  aiyl  aoenfing  him  of  a 
mean  de€ga  that  never  entered  into 
bis  heai:^,  as  pbnniy  appears  from  his 
ordering  wbi[^ing  pofts  in  the  ftreet 
fSbene  the  races  are  nm,  and  moft  of 
the  ibews  eiphibtted,  for  the  ponifii- 
Xi^an  of  tfaoie  who  (bonld  dare  to  in* 
terropt  the  pobUch  diverfiont^  or  oc* 
cafion  any  diilurbanee.  He  condemn- 
ed a  poar  taylor  to  the  gaBeys,  only 
lor  giviiur  a  box  on  the  ear  to  ano* 
ther  pcruMi  of  the  fame  occupation, 
thou^  he  WU  employed  in  the  fervice 
of  hu  houlhold  i  and  a  footman  be- 
loojging  to  Cardinal  Sorbelloni  to  be 
whipped,  for  having  (aid  fonfetbing 
pbtoene  to  a  womaii,  thoogfa  the  did 
not  make  any  complaint  of  it  herfelf. 
Aa  ibqn  -aM  Sorbeiloni  heard  of  the 
ienteaoe,  be  went  to  intercede  for  his 
krvant,  but  came  too  late,  for  he  had 
already  undergone  the  pnnllhment. 

It  was  owing  to  fach  neceflary  feve- 
rides,  that  in  rbe  6 ve  Carnivals  tbat 
vaeracelebfated,  whilft  Sixtas  was  Pope, 
there  was  not  the  leaH  riot  or  diftur- 
/baace,  but  every  thing  carried  on  with 
the  hi|(heit  decorum^  to  the  infinity  fa* 
tiefadioiT  of  tbe  people* 

Others  were  of  opinion,  and  cer* 
tai||ly  had  a  gt«a|er  degree  of  probable 
}fsf  on  ibair  fidei  th^t  ha?ing  loaded 


595 

hit  lal^|efts  fo  heavfiy  wifh  taxea  and 
impofitions,  bethought,  inlbinemea*- 
fare,  to  take  off  their  fting,  bjr  ^oar^ 
iag  them  a  proper  indulgence  in  plea* 
fares  of  this  kind}  a  piece  Of  poli^ 
not  unworthy  of  imitatioa. 

WhUft  Cardifiali  he  was  remarkablT 
tcn^ierate  and  abftemioae  in  his  diet  (if 
he  did  not  regale  himfdf  in  private) 
raakioe  a  great  (hew  of  fafcng  add 
roorti&ition }  but  when  he  came  to 
be  P<Me,  he  took  more  liberty  in  that 
refpeA,  and  made  heaitymeaf  s,  though 
he  did  not  keepa  very  expenfive  taUe^ 
or  faffered  it  to  be  fpread  with  much 
variety.  He  had  many  different  forta 
of  the  moft  exquifite  wines,  of  which 
he  would  drink  pretty  freely  at  dinnerj^ 
but  never  fo  ae  to  be  intoxicated^ 
though  be  called  for  a  glaft  betwixt  al* 
moft  every  -nouthiU* 

In  bufloeft  he  was  indefatigable  and 
took  the  management  of  every  thing, 
even  aifairsof  thaminuteftconieqoence, 
wholly  into  his  own  hands.  It  was 
thought  that  being  exhaufted  by  this 
ince&nt  labour,  wastheoccsTion  of  his 
eating  fo  plentifully,  at  fueb  a  coniump- 
tion  of  fpirits  muft  naturallv  require  a 
proportSonablefttppl  V  of  food  »nd  nutrl* 
ment  j  erpecially  at  he  was  obferved  to 
be  A>  moderate  whilft  he  was  a  cardi- 
nal, and  led  aiMenury,  inaaive  life  s 
thoogh  feme  think  (as  he  diflembled 
in  almoft  every  thing  dfe)  this  was  all 
bypocrifyand  grimace. 

His  brain  was  ib  conflantlv  em* 
ployed  that  it  was  never  at  reft,  ex- 
cept it  may  be  faid  to  be  fo  in  the  few 
hours  that  he  allowed  himfelf  for  fleep. 
He  talked  much,  particularly  at  his 
meafs,  where  he  would  fit  fom'ecimes 
fwo  hours  or  more,  unlefs  he  had  an^ 
ailBiirs  of  great  imponance  upon  his 
hands  i  for  then  he  eat  his  meat  ffand- 
ing  and  in  a  hafty  manner }  or  if  he 
iat  down  to  the  table,  it  was  but  for 
a  few  minutes.  He  (lept  littlei  and 
had  no  ftated  time  of  going  to  bed. 
When  he  had  any  very  urgent  bufineft, 
h^  fat  up  all  night,  without  ever  clofing 
his  eyes,  or  taking  the  leaft  repofe  t  at 
other  times,  when  there  was  nothing 
to  be  done,  he  would  lie  till  late  in 
the  morning :  But  always  gave  orders, 
tblt  if  any  thing  unforefeen  happened, 
or  any  courier  extraordinary  arrived 
in  the  niahtt,  he  fhoiild  be  immediately 
€aile<^  tbov^h  he  was  but  juit  gone  to 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


59^ 

fkep  'y  «n<l  was  once  very  angry  with 
bit  chamberlain /or  not  informihg  him 
of  the  arrival  of  a  courier  uk  the 
night,  with  letters  from  bis  legate  at 
Bologna  ^  and  r#id>  "  We  were  not 
made  for  deep,  but  ileep  for  us.*' 
.  It  was  his  cuftom  to  rebnlce  fhofe 
ftverely  that  had  difobeyed  his  ordert» 
or  otherways  difpleafed  him  in  their 
conduct.  However,  when  he  repri- 
manded aperfon  of  any.  account,  he 
would  futjfer  him  to  defend  himfelf^ 
and  was  pleafed  if  he  did  it  in  fuch  a  • 
manner  as  did  not  border  either  upon 
meannefs  or  impudence :  For  though 
l^e  defpiled  fuch  as  had  not.  fptrit 
enough  to  vindicate  themfelves  modeft* 
]y^  when  they  were  accufed,  he  would 
not  bear  with  thofi^  that  were  guilty 
of  the  leall  inio\tO£t  or  diirefpe^. 

He  often  flew  ii}to  paflioiis  with  his 
officers  and  domefticks,  and  would 
fometimes  rate  tliem^  even  in  the  pre- 
fence  ot  ambailadorsKind  cacdinals  j  but 
was  very  kind  to  them  in  the  main  : 
though  he  ftri6lly  ordered  them  never 
to  afk  any  favour,  to  the  prejudice  of 
fuf^ice,  or  injury  of  any  other  perfon  y 
declaring,  "  He  would  take  care  to  re- 
ward their  fervices  himlelf  i|i  a  proper 
manner/'  And  indeed  he  was  ytry  li» 
beral  and  munificent  in  this  refpe^^ 
making  fome  bi(hops,  and  others  arch- 
bifliops :  Three  of  them  he  promoted 
to  the  purple,  of  which  number  was 
John  Baptift  Caftruccio,  of  Lucca^ 
whom  he  had  often  treated  very  harfli- 
1^,  and  in  a  rough  manner,  though 
lie  bad  ferved  him  many  years  with 
great  fidelity. 

But  if  he  was  kind  to,  and  reward- 
ed thofe  tliat  had  behaved  themfelvjes 
well,  in  an  e?ttraordinary  manner,  he 
punifbed  fuch  as  were  guilty  of  any 
mifdemeanor  very  fcverely,  and  with- 
out the  leaft  regard  to  their  pail  fer- 
vices, which  made  them  exceeding 
cautious  how  they  offended  him. 

In  hir  drefi  he  was  fo  frugal,  that  he 
fometimes  wore  (hirts  that  were  patch- 
ed and  darned,  not  only  whilft  he  was 
cardinal,  but  afterwards  when  he  came 
to  be  pope »  His  fifter  finding  fault 
with  him  one  day  for  it,  and  telling 
him  how  much  it  was  below  the  dig- 
nity of  a  fovereign  pontif  to  wear 
fuch  (babby  linen,  he  anfwered, 
**  Though  we  are  exalted,  through 
the  favour  of  providence  to  this  high 
ftation,  we  ought  laever  to  forget  th^ 


SixtusV  greaf  Frugali^^  Nof. 

meannefs  of  cor  bilt&«  aad  t^  Areds 
aod  patcbet  are  die  only  coat  of  anos 
our  family  hat  any  dtle  to.**  Without 
doubt  he  judged  very  righdy  in  bdi^ 
thus  parfimonioat  s  There  was  great 
reafon  for  it,  as  he  well  knew  how  ae- 
cefTary  money  was  to  carry  on  any  en* 
terprize  with  fucCeft,  and  how  vats 
fum  be  (houki  have  occafion  f^  to  ac- 
oomplifh  his  great  deiifi;ns ;  upon  whi^ 
account  he  fet  himfelf  to  invent  every 
pofltble  way  of  both-faving  and  getting 
It,  from  the  very  firft  day  that  be  en- 
tered the  Vatican. 

He  depofited  in  the  caftle  of  St. 
Angeio  whatever  he  could  lay  up  oA 
of  his  reventie,  for  the  ezigenciet  of 
ftate,  and  never  eave  a  fingle  farthing 
of  the  churches  eftate  to  any  of  his  re- 
lations, having  it  in  his  power  to  en- 
rich them  fofficiently  with  eccle/iafticsl 
benefices,  and  other  emoluments  thu 
are  entirely  at  the  pope^s  difpofaL 

It  ufed  to  coft  the  apoftolick  chan^ 
ber  600,000  crowns,  commmmibus  aams, 
in  penfions  and  gratuities,  whidi  he 
entirely  cut  off:  Indeed  it  cauAud  great 
murmuring  amongft  the  courtiers,  and 
could  not  have  been  efileAed  by  any 
pope  lefs  abfolute  and  peremptory  than 
Sixtus. 

He  ere£led  feveral  hanks  to  lend 
money  at  a  large  intereft,  and  by  thst 
method  at  the  fame  time  confideraUy 
increafed  the  revenueof  the  Exchequer, 
lie  fplit  the  offices  of  chamberlain  ami 
auditor  of  the  chamber,  to  put  them  ta 
commiflioB,  and  created  a  new  one, 
called  ke^rof  the  arcbh/es  if  the  ictk- 
Jiaftical  fiati^  which  he  immediatdy 
fald  for  a  large  fum  of  money. 

In  the  firfl  year  of  his  pontificate  he 
laid  up  a  million  of  gold  in  his  treafory 
at  St.  Angeio,  and  made  a  conftitudon 
which  he  caufed  to  be  figned  by  all  the 
cardinals  {  wherein  they  were  ftridly 
forbid  .to  touch  it,  except  upon  the 
following  occafions,  and  not  even  then, 
unlefs  there  was  the  utmoft  neceilitys 
firit,  to  encourage  a  crufade  for  the  re- 
covery of  the  holy  land  ;  in  which  cafe 
however  they  are  forbid  todiiburleany 
money,  till  they  have  certain  advice 
of  the  chriftian  armv  being  landed  in 
the  country  of  the  infidels ;  fecbndly. ' 
to  relieve  the  |>eople  of  Rome  in  the 
time  of  fevere  famine,  or  peftilence  i 
thirdly,  to  fuccour  and  prote^-aoy 
chriflian  city  or  province,  in  cale  of 
iiTmjMaept  daii|;er,  againft  the  attempts 

tf 


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1768. 


CharaHer  of  the  late  King  e/  Pruflia. 


597 


•f  the  common  enemy  $  fourthly ,  to 
^feod  the  Holy  See,- if  attacked  by  any 
power,  other  chriftian  or  infidel,  bat 
not  tiU  the  enemy  draws  near  to  the 
confinef  of  the  eccleiiaftical  date  ;  and 
laftly,  to  recover  any  territory  that 
had  been  taken,  or  fallen  from  its 
obedience  to  the  church. 

The  pope  fwore  folemnly  to  obferve 
this  conftitution  himfelf  in  all  refpe^h, 
and  caufed  his  oath  to  be  recorded, 
enjoining  all  his  fucceffors  to  take  the 
fame,  as  Toon  as  they  (hould  be  elected, 
and  drew  up  a  large  decree  for  the 
fame  purpofe,  which  was  figned  by  him 
and  ah  the  cardinals  in  a  full  confif- 
tory." 

In  a  word  no  pope  ever  contributed 
£0  much  to  the  power  and  grandeur 
of  the  Holy  See  as  Sixtus,  in  the  five 
years  of  his  reign  j  never  were  the  do- 
minions of  the  church  better  govern- 
ed, or  any  pontif  tnore  efteemed  and 
feared  by  the  world  in  general. 

^baroBer  of  the  late  King  of  Pruflia, 
from  b'upnfgHt  Praflian  Majeflfs  Me- 
moirs of  the  Hoafe^of  Brandenburg. 

«  C^REDERICK  William  obtained, 
X/  that  Lewis  XIV.  (hould  acknow- 
ledge his  royalty,  and  his  fovereignty 
of  the  principality  of  Neufchatel,  and 
guarantee  to  him  the  countries  of 
Gneldres  and  KefTel,  by  way  of  indem- 
niiication  for  the  principality  of  Orange, 
which  he  renounced  for  himfelf  and 
his  defcendants*  France  and  Spain 
l^nuited  him,  at  the  fame  time,  the 
title  of  majefty,  which  they  dill  refufed 
to  the  kings  of  Denmark  and  Sardinia. 
At  the  return  of  peace,  thj  king  ap- 
plied himfelf  entirely  to  the  interior 
adminiftration  of  his  territories.  He 
exerted  himfelf  to  regulate  his  finances, 
the  police,  the  courts  of  juftice,  and 
the  army  {  departments  which  had  been 
equally  neglected  under  the  preceding 
reign.  He  enjoyed  an  adtive  mind  in 
a  vigorous  body.  There  never  lived 
a  man  fb  capable  of  entering  into 
every  branch  ofbufinefs:  but  then,  if 
be  ftooped  to  little  things,  it  was  from 
a  perfuafion,  that  great  things  are  only 
the  combination  of  many  little  ones. 
He  referred  his  undectaking  to  one  ge- 
neral plan  of  policy  j  which  he  had 
formed  to  himfelf  $  and,  in  labouring 
to  bring  ^itry  p^rt  to  the  utmeft  per- 


'fed^ibn,  he  only  aimed*  to  pcrfefl  the 
whole. 

'He  abolifhed  all  ufclcfs  cxpences,  and 
ftopped  thofe  canals  of  profuliony 
through  whicli  his  father  had  mifap- 
plied  the  refources'furnifhed  him  by 
the  profperity  of  his  fubjedts,  to  vain 
and  idle  purpofes.  The  court  was  the 
ffrU:  to  feel  the  effe6l$  of  this  reforma- 
tion. He  retained  but  a  few  pprfons 
efTential  to  his  dignity,  or  ufeful  to  the 
ftate:  of  one  hundred  chamberlains, 
in  the  fervice  of  his  father,  he  kept 
but  twelve  :  the  reft  took  to  the  army 
or  the  cabinet.  He  reduced  his  pri- 
vate expences  to  a  very  moderate  fum» 
faying  that  a  prince  ought  to  l)e  fparing 
of  the  blood  and  fubftance  of  his  fub- 
jei^s.  In  this  refpeft,  he  might  well 
be  confidered  as  a  pbilofopher  on  the 
throne,  and  quite  the  reverfe  of  thofe 
great  fcholars,  who  make  all  their 
barren  knowledge  con  fill  in  the  f))ecu- 
lation  of  fuch  abftradl  matters  as  feem 

-  to  elude  our  enquiries  \  he  himfelf 
gave  examples  of  a  frugality  and  au- 

'  llcrity  worthy  of  the  earlie ft  period* 
of  the  Roman  republic.  —  Avcrfe 
to  pomp  and  parade,  and  all  the 
imperious  trappings  of  royalty,  he, 
with  a  virtue  which  might  do  honour 
to  a,  Stoick,  ddnied  himfelf  the  moft 
common  conveniencies  of  life.  Thus 
his  great  fimplicity  of  manners  and 
frugality  formed  a  perfe^  contrail  with 
the  haughtinefs  and  profufion  of  Fre- 
deric I. 

The  political  ends  of  this  prince  in 
his  interior  arrangements,  were  to  ren- 
der himfelf  refpeftable  to  his  neigh- 
bours, by  keeping  up  a  numerous  ar- 
my. He  had  learned,  from  the  exam- 
ple of  George- William,  how  dangerous 
it  is  for  a  prince  not  to*  be  always  in  k 
condition  to  defend  himfelf ;  and  from 
that  of  Frederic  1.  whofe  troops  were 

'ever  more  at  the  diredlion  of  the 
princes  who  paid  them  than  at  his  own, 
that  a  fovereign  is  only  rerpj?(5led  in 
proponion  as  he  can  render  himfelf 
formidable  by  h:8  intrinfic  power. 
Tired  with  the  humiliations  which 
Frederick  I.  bfien  fufftred,  fometimcs 
from  the  Swedes,  and  fomctimes  froih 
the  Ruffians,  who  made,  with  impu- 
nity, a  thorough-fare  of  his  dominions, 
he  rcfolved  to  fcrcen  his  fubjedts  etfec- 
tually  from  the  bad  confeqnenccs  of 
any.futvirc  quarrels  amongft^ his  neigh- 
bours; 


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598 


bourii  Md»  at  the  fiune  timi^ 
himfelf  to  fopport  bis  daimt  on  tbe 
fucceffion  of  Bergue>  now  on  the  point 
of  becoming  the  bone  of  contentioay 
by  the  dauy  expeded  death  of  the 
Eledor  Palatine,  the  laftpiince  of 
th^  houfe  of  Nenbonrg.  The  public 
feem  to  Uiink,  fhat  the  profpett  gf  a 
military  government  was  not  of  die 
king^s  own  forminffp  hot  that  it  had 
been  fuggetcd  to  mm  by  the  prince 
of  Anh^}  for  my  part,  I  am  far  from 
ndopcing  this  opinion,  becaufe  I  know 
it  to  be  falfe ;  and  that  a  n^ind  fo  fu- 
perior  as  that  of  Frederick- William 
could  not  but  penetrate  and  compre* 
bend,  tbe  vafteft  objefb^  and  judge 
tietter  of  the  true  intereft  of  his  do- 
yninioni»  than  any  of  his  minifters  or 
generals. 

Suppofing  it  lawful  to  confider  the 
greateft  fchemes  as  the  children  of  mere 
cbance»  we  may  fafely  affirm,  that 
feme  £ngli(h  officers  put  Frederick- 
William  upon  forming  thofe  plans, 
which  he  afterwards  carried  into  exe- 
cution. This  prince,  in  his  youtb, 
ferved  in  Flanders  $  and,  during  the 
iiege  of  Tournay.   at  wluch  he  was 

trefent*  happened  to  fall  in  with  two 
;ngli(h  generals,  engaged  in  a  warm 
debate «.  one  o(  them  mamtained,  that 
the  king  of  PrufTia  would  find  it  a  dif- 
ficult matter  to  mainttin  fifteen  thov- 
fand  men  without  foreign  fubfidiesi 
the  other,  that  he  could  maintain 
twenty.  The  young  prince,  all  on  fire, 
put  an  end  to  the  difpute  by  faying, 
*'  The  kingi  my  father,  may  main- 
tain thirty  thouland,  if  he  plealies*** 
The  Eoghihmcn  confidered  thcfe  words 
as  the  faily  of  an  ambitious  young  man, 
fond  of  exaggerating  tbe.  advantages 
of  his  country  :  but  ^ederick- William 
when  king,  proved  he  was  even  better 
than  his  words  |  for  by  a  proper  admi- 
nillration  of  bis  finances  he  contriv ejd, 
the  very  firft  year  of  his  reign,  to  main* 
uin  fifty  thoufand  men,  without  any 
foreign  fubfidies* 

His  dropfy,  at  length,  encreafed 
to  fuch  a  decree  as  to  ^arrv  him  off 
the  31ft  of  May,  17401  and  he  met 
death  with  all  the  reiolution  of  a  phi- 
lofopher,  and  all  the  refignatson  of  a 
chriftian.  He  retained  the  moft  admi- 
rable prefence  of  mind  to  the  very  lalb 
mon^nt  of  his  life  i  ordering  his  aftain 
as  became  a  fta^efman,  exaouaipg  tbt 


Desth  cf  FVcdtri  A-WiJlitmi  Nor. 

prqgnA  of  his  dibrikririth  tlirfti 
of  a  naturalilL  aad  tnimyhii^  ova 


death  like  a  hero.  He  mamn,  b 
lyoy,  JSophia  Dorothea,  daughter  u 
George  of  Hanover,  wiM>  liace  he- 
ceodad  to  the  Britifii  throne.  Tk 
children  of  this  match  wcxc  Fredeac 
II.  who  focceeded  him,  the  tiw 
princea  Augufius-WiUbm,  Levis. 
Henry,  and  Ferdinand  1  Wiihefa^ 
margrave  of  Bariethi  Freteica,  mv< 
graveof  Anfpachi  Charlotra,  ^oMt 
of  Brunfwick  1  Sophia,  ipargiaw  of 
Swedt  $  Ulrica,  princele  ro^ralofSwedeBi 
and  Amelia,  abbeis  of  QoedliiiboaR. 

Tbe  minifters  of  Fi^derick- WiiliHa 
made  him  fipt  forty  treaties  or  coa- 
ventions,  which  we-thougiit  too  ftm- 
loos  to  mention :  they  had  §0  litdeef 
their  nufter's  moderation  in  tiiea,  m 
to  think  left  of  his  dignity  than  tk 
perquifitea  of  their  o£ae.  We  hste 
Itkewiie  pafled  over  ia  filenoe  tbede- 
meftic  chs^nsof  this  great  princt: 
the  virtues  of  fuch  a  father  entitfiag 
his  children  to  fome  indulgence.  TV 
king  never  made  any  ^wioAion  be- 
tween found  policy  and  ftria  joAicci 
he  thought  leis  of  nuiking  new  acqmfi*^ 
tioBs,  ttian  of  governing  well  his  eld 
pofleffions.  Ever  armed  for  his  ova 
defence,  and  never  for  tbedifturtaace 
of  other*,  he  always  preferred  tk 
ufeful  to  the  agreeable  i  bniJdisig  wiA 
profufion  for  his  iiib}eds,  at  the  Samt 
time  that  he  grudged  the  finallei  a- 
pence  to  lodge  himfelf.  Circomfpcd 
m  his  engagements,  foithliil  to  kii 
promiies,  auftere  of  mannet^,  ngosMs 
in  regard  to  thofe  of  others,  aftnlGt^b- 
ferverof  miliurydtftaplioe,  flovcfBBK 
his  dominions  by  the  Cmw  lam  wiA 
his  army,  hetboc^fowill 
MLtuxtp  as  to  expia  that  Iria 
(hoold  beas  great  ftoicaaa 

F*rederick- WUliam  left 
an  ai^my  of  fixty-fix  thaoiaad  mtai 
whom  his  great  cecooomy  cnabWdhisi 
to  flMintain  |  hit  fisanoet  JncaiMi 
thepublic  tceaAiry  was  foU|  smd  ths 
moft  4irpri»ng  order  in  all  hia  ^Um. 
If  one  ouy  tmly  hy,  that  it  ie  to#s 
acornt  /rom  which  it  forung,  meiiit 
iadebced  for  the  ihad«  of  1^  osik,  * 
whole  woKd  mui  allow,  that  it  iaie 
the  laboofi  and  wifdom  of  tbia 
we  auift  look  for  die  foorcca  of 

Myalhoi^im 


pro^erity  whi<^ 
•pjoytd  Slice  his 


death.* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tjSS,        Baron  Biclficid  to  the  Marquis  ITArgens. 


Th^oUowing  Letter  to  the  Marquis  D^Ar- 

gens  from  tbi  Baron  BielfeldV  Letters 
itelj  tranflated  cannot  fail  of  flee^fing 
our  Readirs. 

«*  TT  18  impoflible  for  me,  my  dear 
X  marquis,  futly  to  exprefs  the  plea- 
fure  your  letter  has  given  me.  No- 
thing can  be  more  diverting  than  the 
defcription  of  your  journey  from  Ber- 
lin, to  Stuttgard,  with  the  chief  mar- 
£bal  count  Gotter  :  but  you  two  were 
certainly  never  intended  for  fellow  tra- 
Tcliers:  he  goes  conilantly  to  bed  at 
ten  at  night,  and  you  at  three  in  the 
morning.  He  rifes  with  the  fun,  and 
you  at  mid-day ;  To  that  he  can  bid 
you  good  morrow  when  you  bid  him 
good  night.  He  dreads  the  heat,  and 
you  the  cold  ;  from  whence  it  muft  ne- 
ce/Tarily  follow,  that  when  he  lets 
down  one  coach  window,  you  pull  up 
the  other.  I  am  highly  pleafed  with 
refledtin^;  on  the  manner  of  adjuftine 
your  differences.  His  excellency  muft 
pay  dear  for  a  mouthful  of  frefh  air, 
by  giving  you  a  bottle  of  tokay,  for 
every  hour  that  you  cornfent  to  have 
the  coach  windows  down.  But  with- 
out  flattery,  my  dear  friend,  the 
pleafufe  of  your  company  is  above  all 
price :  and  doubtlefs  it  was  with  the 
profpeft  oF  this  enjoyment  that  he  un- 
jertook  the  journey. 

I  make  no  doubt  but  your  common 
-riend  Horace  is  of  your  party.  The 
narflial  can  repeat  him  memoriter, 
ind  you  underttand  him  perfedtly  well. 
'^^dl  though  I  am  not  fo  paffionate  an 
idmirer  of  this  poet  as  you  and  (bme 
»thers  $  yet  I  regard  him  as  an  excel- 
ent  companion  on  a  journey :  his  de-  ' 
c rs ptions  are  natural  and  beautiful : 
ire  lecm  to  fee  the  objedts  before  our 
y^t  I  with  what  energy,  for  example^ ' 
toet  he  defcribe  the  evils  to  which 
*amed  men  areexpofed.  And,  alsnl 
ly  worthy  marquis,  thofe  evils  have 
ot  dccreafed  fince  his  time.  Far  oth^r- 
nie. .  The  manners  of  modern  times, 
nd  the  maxims  of  n[iodern  princes, 
ave  ftill  added  evi^  9f  which  Horace 
ever  dreamt. 

Could  the  philofophe^  and  m^n  of 
enius,  of  the  enlightened  age  of 
kUguftus,  ppAibly  imagine,  that  ^af- 
r  eighteen  hundred  years,  phiriofo- 
^y  (hould  have  made  fo  little  pro- 
-efs,  that  in  oa^  of  the  mo£L  civilized 


S9$ 

ftates  of  Europe,  her  difdpfes  (hould 
be  deemed  intamous,  and  their  wri- 
tings burned  by  the  hands  of  the  pub- 
lic executioner,  becaufe,  at  moft,  they 
contained  ibmie  erroneous  metaphyfi- 
cal  principles  i  Had  Cicero  or  X^ucre- 
tius  polTefled  the  fpirit  of  prophecy, 
they  would  certainly  have  laughed 
Immoderately  at  the  ftupidity  of  our 
times. 

The  intention  of  thefe  reflections  is, 
my  worthy  friend,  to  prepare  you,  to 
receive  with  compofure  and  uncon- 
cern, the  news  we  (have  from  Rome, 
which  is,  that  the  holy  inquifition  it- 
felf,  has  ordered  your  Jcwifh  Letters, 
and  the  greateft  part  of  your  other 
writings,  to  be  torn  and  burnt.  Tell 
me  now,  I  befeech  you,  what  torturet 
did  you  fuffer  at  the  moment  your 
works  were  fo  cruelly  thrown  into  the 
fire  ?  Were  your  pains  intolerable  ? 
Did  you  fend  forth  loud  lamentations  f 
And  are  you  become  forlorn  and  ema- 
ciated ?  I  fancy  not.  I  much  rather 
believe,  that  at  the  moment  you  was 
condemned  to  fuffer  as  a  martyr,  you 
found  yourfelf  at  the  table  of  an  ilkif- 
trious  and  amiable  princefs  \  a  catho* 
lie  princefs  $  who  is  much  better  qua- 
lified to  judge  of  your  merit  Uian 
Mef&s.  of  the  inquiiition.  A  princefs 
who  honours  you  with  her  confidence, 
and  who  perhaps  at  that  very  moment 
was  delighting  in  your  gay  and  in- 
ftru^ive  converfation. 

Jeftin^  afide,  my  dear  friend,  this 
modern  mvention  in  Europe  of  bnrn- 
ing  of  books  ihocks  me  extremely^ 
That  a  book  which  militates  againft 
the  government  of  any  9onntry ;  or 
the  eftabliihed  religion  y  or  the  known 
laws,  on  which  the  happinefs  of  a  ftat^ 
are  founded  s  or  that  even  flrikes  at 
the  <:hara^er  of  one  worthy  citizen, 
fhoul^  be  thrown  into  the  fire,  I  readi- 
]y  confent ;  fuoh  feverity  is  Juft,  anc( 
may  t^  attended  \yith  wholefome  con- 
iequences.  But  that  fuch  feverity 
(hould  be  exerted  a|;ain((  ^  a  work  of 
a  philofOphic  nature,  which  has  no 
view  but  the  inquiry  after  truth ; 
which  was  wrote  in  a  far  diftant  coun- 
try, ai^d  whofe  author  is  not  our  fub- 
)t6t }  (hov^s  at  once,  the  greateft  folly 
and  brutality:  and  for  thefe  reafons: 
when  a  book  is  burnt  by  the  hands  of 
the  executioner,  a  brand  of  infamy  is, 
endeavoured  to  be  fixcd^  at  tcaft  in  the 

4  »  «J^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


EXCILXEMT    RCFttCTlONS. 


600 

cjc  of  the  public,  on  its  author  ;  who 
Mt  the  fame  limt,  is  frequently  5  man 
of  infinitelv  more  merit  than  his  judge. 
No  •  coulcl  fuch  a  puni(hmeiU  nave  a 
like  c^fft,  on  the  worthy  and  fcnliblc 
part  o:  iiankind*  it  wpuld  be  more 
bitter  to  i  :  author^  than  death  it- 
felf- 

And  fay,  whit  right  hai  a  Roraifh 
prieft,  or  rajg»ltraff,  or  even  a  fovc- 
reign  prince,  over  the  perlbn  or  cha- 
rawer  of  him,  who  it  fubjcft  to  ano-  • 
ther  potentate,  that  he  (hould  prefume 
to  infli£^,  fo  fevere  and  fcandalout  a 
chaftifement  ?  And  docs  not  fuch  ra(h 
conduft  ftrikc  at  the  immutable  laws 
of  nations  ?  Or  if  the  fentence  which 
condemns  a  book  to  the  flames,  can 
refle^i  no  difgrace  on  the  author,  muft 
not  all  the  world  regard  i^t  as  a  ridicu* 
iousilluHoii;  as  a  piece  of  mere  buf-' 
foonery  ?  And  what  is  more,  may  not 
the  philofophic  author,  who(^  works 
arc  thus  treated,  fay  to  his  judge,  as 
the  Saviour  of  the  world  (aid  to  the 
fervant  of  the  high  priell  |  If  I  ha<vi 
Jpoken  evUf  pro've  it  to  be  evil,  and  if 
<weU^  "why  jprikefl  tbou  me  P 

There  arc  among  the  catholic  cler- 
gy, an  innumerable  fwarm  of  abbees, 
monks,  lay  brothers^  ^nd  other  pre- 
tenders to  religion.  Now  why  does 
not  the  RoiniQi  court  make  ufe  of 
thefc,  when  a  bad  book  appears,  to 
ihow  the  wcakners  and  evil  tendency 
of  its  principles?  Such  arguments 
-jvould  operate  with  far  greater  force, 
on  the  thinking  part  of  mankind,  than 
fuch  as  proceed  merely  from  the  ab- 
folute  will  and  power  of  a  prince  or 
magiftrate,  and  which,  let  it  come 
trom  where  it  will,  mankind  will  ever 
conclude  to  be  founded  on  other 
principles  than  tbofe  of  reafon  and 
equity. 

Now  It  is  well  known,  that  the  com- 
mon peqple  are  not  they  who  read  phi- 
lofophical  works,  and  therefore  cannot 
be  mifled  by  their  fyfieras,  for  they  in 
faft.  have  fcarce  ^ny  fyftem  at  all  in 
theic  matters.  But  the  readers  are, 
m^  of  refleflion,  who  are  capable  of 
l^d^ing  of  the  principles  they  contain. 
This  being  the  cafe,  when  a  book  is 
thrown  into  the  "fire,  at  the  command 
of  a  magistrate,  bccauf»  it  contains 
feiuts,    that  in  his  imagination,   are 


Nor. 

pr^udicial  to  religion,  dees  he  not 
hlmfelf,  in  faft-,  do  a  very  great  pre- 
judice to  religion  ?  for  will  not  every 
fen/i^le  man  fay  ;  this  book  muft  cer- 
tainly contain  unanfwerable  arguments, 
feeing  that  the  teachers  of  our  religion 
are  not  able  to  refute  it,  but  that  the 
power  of  the  civil  magiftrate  muft  b« 
called  in  to  fuppre^s  it. 

You  fee,  llr,  how  wide  the  laws  and 
politics  of  our  days,  are  from  reajbo, 
m  fomc  of  the  lyioft  civilized  ftates  of 
Europe.  And  in  order  to  (hew  more 
fiiUy  the  injuilice  of  fuch  proceedings 
and  the  bad  confequences  that  moft 
ncceiTarily  attend  it,  permit  me  to  add 
the  fbllowin^  confiderations.  What 
philofopher  is  there,  who  treats  of 
metaphyfical  principles,  that  is  hardy 
enough  to  aflert,  that  he  has  clearly 
and  fully  demonftrated  the  truth?  I 
mein  that  truth,  which  alt  the  philo- 
fophers  from  Ariftotle  to  thb  day  have 
been  ip  purfiiit  of.  If  it  ii  to  befooiid, 
I  (hall  be  muft  obliged  to  cor  roagi- 
ftrates  if  they  will  tell  me  where.  Tbey 
ftiuft  therefore  bum  all  metaphyfical 
books  from  Ariftotle  to  Wolf,  the  laft 
included :  for  there  is  none  of  them 
that  does  not  contain  fome  erroneous 
principle.  In  this  abftrufe  fctence  eve- 
ry one  muft  be  allowed  to  offer  his 
doubts,  his  conjediures,  his  poftula- 
ta  i  which  altogether  ferve  as  a  fcaf- 
fold  to  the  building  he  intends  to 
raife,  and  which  when  finiftied,  the 
other  niay  be  thrown  d^wn  of  no  fur- 
Cher  ufe. 

There  is  fomething  (hocking  to  com- 
mon fenfe,   in   profcpbing  philofopby 
in  its  inquinr  after  truth.    What  maa 
of  fenfe  ancf  fpirit  will  ever  fet  aboQt 
refearches  of  this  nature,  if  he  be  lia- 
ble to  be  infulted  by  the  pplice,  wiien- 
ever  he  (hall  chance  to  (lip  into  an  er« 
ror  *  And  to  what  does  all  this  (^fe-< 
rity  tend  ?  To  deter  philofbphers»  that 
honourable  rank  of  men,  from  givios 
themfelves  an^  concern  about  the  UH' 
derftanding  9f  mankind  }  but  to  faffc 
them  to  return  to  that  ftupidity  tt< 
fuperftition,    with    which    they    we 
po(re(red,    before  the  days  of  Lath 
and  Calvin  :    to  bring  real  learai 
and  found  reafon  into  contempt ; 
to  make  the  clergy  triumphanti  at 
ex^nceof  true  reli^on.*^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


»7^7. 


State  (jf/fe  National  Debt^ 


66 1 


An  Account  of  mU  the  PUBLIC  DEBTS,  at  tbf  Receipt  of  bis  majtftfs 
ExCHtqv EK,  Jfaniiifig  out  January  5,  1^68,  (hemg  Old  Cliriftmas-Day)  wk/i 
tbi  atmual  Interefl  or  other  Cbargis  payable  for  the  fame. 


/. 


E  X  C  H  E  Q^U  E  R. 

AnnuUiet  for  long  terms,  being  the  remamder  of  the 

original  fum  contributed  and  nnfubfcrbcd    to  tne 

South-fea  company  — -  — 

I>itCo  for  Uvea,  vrith  the  benefit  of  furvivor/h  p.  being 

the  original  fnna  contributed  —— .— 

Ditto  for  two  and  three  lives,  being  the  turn  rem.  ining 

after  what  is  fallen  in  by  deaths  •«— 

Exchequer  billi  made  out  for  interef^  or  old  b.lls 
Annuities  for  lives  with  the  benefit  of  fuivvorlhip, 

granted  by  an   zCt  5  Gto*  111.  being   the  orlgiDal 

fum  contributed  —  — .  — 

iVW^y  The  land  taxes  and  duties  on  roalr,  being  annual 

grants,  are  not  charged  in  this  accounr,    nor  the 

l»AOo,ooo  1.  charged    on    rhe    deduction    of  6  d» 

^«r  pound  on  penfions,    nor  the     ,Soo,oo  J.   bor* 

ffowedy  OMM  17679  charged  on  the  tupplies^  anno 

J76g. 

EAST-INDIA   Company, 

By  two  a^   of  parliament  9  Will   ^   and  two  other 

a^  6  and  9  Ann,  at  3  per  tent,  per  atmum,  3,^00|000  -«  -*• 

Axinultiea  at  3  per  cent,  per  smt,  I744cbarr,ed  on  the 
lias  •f  the  additional  dociet  on  low  winea  fpi- 


Principal  debt.  ^  Annual  intereft,  of 
other  charges  pay* 
able  for  the  (ame. 


d. 


loS,  00  —  — 
7»,io5  14  10  I 


18,000  —  — 


7,567 , 

S,777  1%  ^ 

540—^ 


furplu 
'riti»  aad  itrong  waters 


—  — .        lyOOOyCOO  —  — 


BANK  of  ENGLAND* 

Oa  their  original  find  at  ipereeat.  from  the  ift  Annift 

'743  ■  ■    ■  —  —    3,200,000  —  ' 

For  cancelling  exchequer  bills  9  George  I.  — *        50O1.000  —  < 

Purchafed  of  the  South-fea  company        —  4^000,000  —  • 

Annuities  at  3  ^  emu  charged  on  the  furplus  of  the 

funds^for  lottery  1714  —  —  j,2 50,000  — 

t^itto    at  3   per    cent,    charged  on    the   duties    on 


coals,  fince  Lady.day,  1719 


Ditto  at  3  /«r  cent,  1746  charged  on  the  duties  on  li- 
cences for  retailing  fpirituous  liquorS|  fince  Lady 
4ay,  1746  — 

Ditto  at  3  ^  eenu  charged  on 
the  finiung  fund,  by  ^c  a^s 
45,  18,  29,  «,  and  53 
Geo.  II.  &4  &  6  Geo.  III.    34,617,811  5  i  { 

Ditto  at  3  ^  (eiir.  charged  on 
the  duties  on  offices  and  pen- 
sions, ftc.  by  the  ad  31 
Geo.  II.  anddmy  on  hooies 
and  windows  by  the  a£t  6  I 

George  HI  -  500,000  -^  ^  J 

Ditto  at  3  per  cent,  charged  on 
the  finking  fund  by  the  a^ 
«5  George  II  900^00  o 

Ditto  at  3  ^  cent,  charged  on 

lottery  tickets  60^,000  —  •— ^ 

'^itto  at  3  ^  ffnf.  — -•  — 

Ditto  at  3  4  per  cent,  chargod  on  the  faid  fund  by  the 
ad  29X}eorgclI  .  •«* 

4  Ga 


1,750,000  —  — 


--  9^,«oo  *-  — 


^35,127,821  5  I  I 


1,500,000 .—  — 


19,183,323  x6  4 


30,401  15  8 


ioo,eoo  —  — 

i^^ooa  —  — 

"»>898    3  5  i 

37*500  —  — 

52,500  —  — 

29,604  —  -^ 


i»of3,43a  o  i. 


45,000  —  — 


586,260    6  ( 

53»341  ><  o 
Ditt* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


602 


St  ATI  9f  the  National  Debt. 


Ditto  at  3  {/if  MM.  duffed  on  the  dudes  on  offices         U       t.    i. 
sod  peonoot,  by  ad  31  George  II.  and  doty  on 
^tndowi  by  the  aft  6  Geo^  III.  **  4,500^000  —  — 

Ditto  at  4  /er  c«*/.  ^arged  on  the  finking  fund  by 

an  aft  of  the  ftd  of^George  III  10,^140,000  —  •— 

Ditto  at  4  fcr  rmf.  in  refpeft  of  i,6s5,o?ol.  remain- 
log  onredeemed  of  3,500,000!.  charged  on  the 
additional  duties  on  winet,  by  the  aft  3  Geo,  III.  1,615,000  i—  — > 
Mtmvramdmm.  The  fubiciiben  of  100 1.  to  the  bt- 
tery  1745  were  allowed  an  annuity  for  one  life 
of  91.  a  ticket,  which  amounted  to  11,500!. 
but  it  now  reduced,  by  Utci  fallen  in,  to  16,9X3  I. 
51.  and  the  fubrcribers  of  xoo  1.  to  the  lottery 
X746,  were  allowed  an  annuity  for  one  life 
of  iSi.  a  ticket  which  amounted  to  45000  1. 
'  but  it  now  reduced  by  livet  fallen  in,  to  35580 1. 
and  the  fubfcribera  of  tool,  for  3I.  per  etmt, 
annuitie«,  amn9  1757,  were  allowed  an  annuity 
for  one  life  of  1  !•  is.  6d.  which  amounted  to 
33,7501.  but  it  now  reduced  by  lives  fallen  in  to 
3  r,ti81.  178.  6d.  and  the  fubfcribers  of  lool.  for 
3  ptr  cent,  annuities,  atmo  1761,  were  allowed  an 
annuity  for  99  years  of  t !•  it.  6 d.  amount- 
ing, with  the  charges  of  management,  to  the 
bank '"bf, England,  to  130,053!.  los.  3d.  and 
the  contributors  to  11,000,000 1.  for  the  fervice 
of  the  year  1761,  were  Intitled  to  an  annuity  for 

98  years  of  i  per  cent,  per  atnmm^  which  with  the 
charges  of  roanagemenuo  the  Bankof  Eog.  amount 
Co  the  fum  of  111,6871.  xos.  which  annuities  for 

99  years  and  98  years  were  confolidatcd  by  \ht 
aft  4  George  III.  all  which  annuities  are  an 
increafe  of  the  annual  intereft  but  cannot  be 
added  to  the  public  debt,  as  no  money  was  ad- 
vanced for  the  fame,  though  an  intereft  oC 
353.43}1.  2s.  9d.  is  annually  paid  by  the  public 

SOUTH-SEA  Company. 

On  their  capital  (lock  and  annuities  9  George  t  < 5*015, 309  13  xi| 

Annuities   at  3  ^   cent,  anno  1751*   charged    on 

the  finking  fund  ••  1,100,000  —  — 


«*9>7»d»93^    ^  *  i 


Nor; 

160,031     5  — 
8Ae,9S5  —  — 

106,476  11  3 


33M33    2  ^ 

765,31^    S  I  i 
64,181    5  — 


4,64i,oi7    7  5 


CenuineCepjf  0/ a  fimoMs  Letter,  (Setp.^Z^^ 

rA  M  commanded  by  the  k-*  to  acquaint 
you ;  that  his  m«-,  upon  a  eonfidcration 
•f  the  difpatches  huly  receircd  from  V——, 
tlUnks  it  ncceflary  for  liia  fervice,  that  his 
governor  of  that  colony  ftould  immediately 
repair  to  hit  government )  and  at  the  fame 
timo  expreft  to  yon  the  liigh  opinion  his  m-- 
has  of  your  ability  to  ferve'him  in  that  fitoa- 
tion.  But  it  is  not  the  k— ^*t  intention  to 
prefs  you  to  go  upon  that  fervice  unless  it  fliall 
hs  perfeftiy  agreeable  to  your  inclination,  at 
well  as  entirely  convenient  to  you.  His  m— 
does  not  forget  that  the  goremment  of  V— ^ 
sras  conferred  upon  you  as  a  mark  of  royal 
Ibvour,  and  as  a  reward  for  the  very  great  fer- 
▼icet  you  have  dooe  for  the  public^  ib  much 
to  yovr  twa  bonoury  and  fo  aaucb  to  the  ad- 


vantage of  this  kingdom,  and  therefore  Ids 
m— —  is  very  iblicicoos  that  you  fteold  nut 
mtftake  his  gracious  intention  on  this  occa^ 
fion. 

If  yon  cbnfe  to  go  immediately  to  yeor  go- 
vernment it  will  be  extremely  (atisfa£fcory  ttt 
his  m— — * }  if  >Ott  do  not,  his  m— —  wiiMt 
to  appoint  a  new  governor,  and  to  contiaue  ta 
you  in  fomc  other  fliape,  tbat  emoluTnear 
which  was,  as  I  have  faid  before,  intended  as 
a  mark  of  the  royal  fenfe  of  yoor  meritoty* 
ous  fervices  $  it  is  a  panicolar  pleafure  to  tern 
to  have  the  honour  ofexpreffiog  to  >ou  thofe 
-very  fiivourable  fentiments  of  our  R->  M — . 
To  add  any  thing  from  myfelf»  would  be  a 
degree  of  prefuipption,  I  will  therefore  onfy 
requeft  the  favour  of  youranfwer  at  fbeo  an 
may  be  convenient,  and  take  the  liberty  t« 
afiore  y««  (hit  I  am^ "-"r-* 

NEW 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


jj6i.  N  E  W    J  O  C  K  E  Y.  603 

A  Favourite  Scotch  Song,  fang  by  Mifs  Froud  at  Marybone  Gardens. 


^p=n.if\:'trr^ 


My      Liddie      la     |uig*4    far    a    -    way,    o*er  the  plain  while 


j'^iii^.^if  3 


mm 


^ 


r^^fTf 


^t^  4.4 


^^^^^^^ 


for  -  row     behind       I     am      forced    to  remain  Tho*     blue-bslls     and 


^ 


fv^^ft^j 


^^^^^E^^^m 


▼ioleti     the         hedges      a  -  dorn,  Tho*     rreet      are    10  blof  -  fom 


-JJ^_;i=^^^'^f7^N^ 


and  fweet  blowi  the  thorn ;  No  plea  -  Ihre  they  give     me  in    Tiia  they  look 


^S^^I^£'lr:=T^^j4^ 


giy,  There'«  nothing  can   pleife  now  my  Jockty't   »way        For*- fern    I 


[ 


"^    .syj^ — : — 


2£ 


hafle  my 


fit  fing  -  ing  and  tiiit  it  my  ft  rain,  Hafte  hafte  my  dear  Joc-cy,   haffc  hafle  my 

^1 


^^^^^ 


fm^m^^^^^i 


dear  Jockey,       hafte   hartcmy  dear     Jockey,    to     me     back   again 


m 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6o4  Poetical  Essays  in  November,^  1768. 


11. 

WhtB  kdt  tna  thtSt  kflbt  trt  oa  tfte  grees 
met,  [thcT  chat. 

They  dance  and  tBej  fing»  they  laugh  and 
Contented  and  happy  with  heani  foil  •f  glec> 
I  can*t  wi&tiic  envy  their  siemmentiefl, 
Thofepaftimetofiendmty  my  ihepherd's  fltot 

thtrey 
No  pleafure  I  reUlh  fhat  Jockey  d#n't  Oiare  | 
It  inakea  me  to  figh,  I  tron  teart  fcarce  re- 

frnn> 
I  wifli  my  dear  Joekey  retur&M  back  again. 


III. 
But  hope  ihall  luflaui  me  Mr  wiH  I  defpd^. 
He  promit'd.  he  wo«i*d  in  a  fortnight  be  heitf 
Oh  fond  expeaatioo  my  wtftet  ru  feaft  ! 
For  Love  my  dear  Jockey  to  Jenny  will  ha^ 
Thon^revreU  each  €are--aDd  adica  each  tain 
fifth.  ^ 

.  Who'll  then  be  (b  bleft  or(b  happy  aa  I, 
ru  fiag  on  the  meadows  and  alter  nay  ftrain 
When  Jockey  returns  to  my  anna  back  a« 


POETICAL    ESSAYS. 


RUBRILLAy   Tivs  Biaott. 

Mj  Dr*  Cl  AM c  Y,  i/  Dumvf  in  Ireland. 

CMtJhoamreligMscmam*   Hokat. 

WH  £  N  the  weak  brain  imagin*d  beauty 
•  warnnSf 
Themeaneftitfopfey  hat  ten  thooiand  channi. 
On  her  black  head  if  fable  horrors  ftare  3 
Or  deadly  poleneft  damps  her  tongnld  hair  j 
Shrewd  fimilet  from  jet  and  pearl  are  fooghti 
la  all  the  wild  extravagance  of  thought. 

Not  To  when  fair  Rnbrilla's  radiance  bright 
Shines  to  the  eyc»  and.  cheen  the  ravi&'d 

fight. 
Her  lively  hoe  t  gtotal  heit  bfp!ref» 
And  kindles  love  by  ftrong  refnf gent  fires. 
TingM  with  ctherial  light  her  trefles  flow  $ 
With   lively  Uooa^    and   fprightly  vigour 

glow. 
High  on  her  tofty  front  has  nature  fpiead 
A  pleafing  garland  of  delightful  red  s 
llloftriottfl  red  !  magpifieeiKly  bright. 
By  Niwtit  found  the  flrongeft  beam  of  light : 
Prime  of  all  colours  !-*-oa   the    monarch's 

throne 
In  robea  majeftic  ii  it*8  luftre  fhewn. 

Red  are  thofe  bluAes  which  ferene ly  gra ce, 
Tbe  modeft  beauties  of  the  virgin^s  face  ^ 
latrinfic  particles  of  red  coaipofe 
The  ianguine  c^aift,  and  aromatic  rofe  ; 
Tbe  ruby  lip  invitei  to  balmy  love» 
And  fportive  Nereids  haunt  the  coral  grove. 
Couched  in  ted  looks  delighted  Cupids  Tie ; 
Thence  their  keen  darts  and  pointed  arrows 

fiy. 
Soch  was  tbe  golden  fleece  which  Jafon  bore 
In  joyful  triomph  from  the  Colcbian  (hore. 
Britain's  red  flag  conmanda  the  fvbjed  maiaf 
In  every  heart  Rubrilla's  fheamers  reign. 
Through  feas  of  blood  undaunted  heroes  fly^ 
And  fleep  the^r  lam^eli  ia  chat,  glorious  die. 
Young  Ammon  reddened  at  the  Granic  flood^ 
And  bath*d  in  red  vi^rious  Oranby  flood. 
A  fiery  beard  foreboding  comets  trails 
And  fine  court  ladies  drag  a  fiery  tali : 
Tranflated  to  the  ftarry  realms  on  hi|;h^ 
RubriUa*9  hair  (hall  future  Fiamfteads  fpy  1 


There  fliall  the  rm,  and  flaring  boDt  admire 
To  (ct  fhal  blase  whick  ict  the  woild  oa  fire. 

jt    SONG. 

TrswJUiedJhm  Cervantet« 

GOOD  aiocher»  if  yoo  pieaie»  yoo  may^ 
Set  guards  and  fpies  to  sratdi  my  way  j 
But  if  myfelf  I  do  not  keep, 
Inflcad  of  watching— yoo  may  fla^« 

*Twaa  laid  of  old  by  nuaya  (^. 
*'  Reftraint  does  appetite  ennge}** 
And  love  by  ftrid  coafineaent  tarat 
Moft  violent,  and  fiercely  bums. 
*Tii  better  then  to  leave  ase  finrt^ 
Than  fliat  ase  aader  lock  aad  key  | 
For  if  myfelf  I  do  not  keep, 
laflead  of  watching  ■  ■yon  asay  fleep* 

Ualeis  the  vn'llitjelf  rtitmn. 
All  threatening  mgera  are  ia  vam  | 
Thro*  death  itfelf  *twUl  force  its  way» 
And  find  unheard-of  means  to  flray. 
Thro*  careful  guards,  and  wakeful  fpiee. 
It  rufbes  fearleii  to  the  prise  s 
So  if  ourfdves  we  do  not  keep, 
in/tead  of  watching-^^ou  may  fleep. 
In  fptte  of  bars,  my  thoughu  will  rove^ 
On  the  dea^  objc£l  of  my  love  ; 

For  lovers  hearts  are  melting  wax. 
Their  wiflies  fire,  their  ready  hand 

No  diligence  nor  cunoing  lacks  | 
Their  heads  do  ev*ry  wile  command  $ 
Their  eyes  h«ve  voice  ;  their  feet  believe  aac^ 
Ate  (hod  with  filence,  to  deceive  ye  % 
Then  if  myfelf  I  do  not  keep, 
lodead  of  watching«-you  auy  flee^. 

SONG>  in  IwdtmUn  ^Shenfloae. 

DEAR  Chbris,  you  aflc  me  to  tam» 
The  caofs  whence  this  Odaefs  appaar%; 
The  wretch  that  has  robb*d  me  of  Fame, 

And  left  me  repentance  and  tears : 
Oh  !  did  you  tbe  fisUe-one  but  kno^^ 

The  srts  that  he  us'd  to  deceive ! 
Yoo  furely  would  pity  the  woe, 

Which  nothing  but  death  can  reltcve. 

His 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Poetical  Essays  in  NOVEMBER)   1768.         Cog 

EXTSMPOJIE 
^  tbt  Death  of  the  March'ontfs  #^T<Tiilock« 


iSi  tyw,  likt  Ihe  VHfktneri  of  taom, 

CoajoiAM  wUh  the  mildocft  of  crtf 
A  cbapicc  his  brow  doci  adoro, 

Which  1  (fad  RdDombradcc  !).  did  weatt  s 
iVzoaad  how  the  ihcpherda  would  throng, 

.  To  hear  the  fwcet  tcceott  he  fhof  t. 
For  dull  it  the  ntghtiDf  tie's  fosg 

To  the  mufic  that  fialls  from  hit  toncuc! 
Ah !  why  to  a  fortti  fo  divhie. 

And  a  face  fo  enthantingly  ftir. 
My  heart  did  I  fondly  refign, 

Nor  dream  of  my  future  defpair  ? 
E*er  ^oe  he  has  fled  from  thefc  arms. 

No  toagoc  my  diftra£lion  can  tell, 
Bot  if  foch— >oay  nnich  greater  his  chat flM| 

What  Wonder  poor  Phyllida  fell ! 

Junto* 

MORNING  STANZAS  in  Oaober.      . 

TH  E  fpreadiAg  otik  and  fiher  poplar  tall. 
Now  feel  the  approach  of -wioter*sdrea-' 
ry  hour ; 
And  from  on  high  their  faded  honourt  fall^ 

In  many  a  filent,  melancholy  Aower. 
Stin  is  each  feather*d  fongfter  in  the  grove, 
Unlefs  the  Robin  fwell  his  little  throat ; 
Stii)  is  the  Blackbird,  ftill  the  plaintive  Dove  { 
Nor  floats  aloft  the  Sky  Lark*s  bol<ier  note 

Pkas*d  with  the  calmnefi  of  the  tiling  mora, 
Faiot-fpreading.  o'er  the  cafl  iu   milder 
light  i 
The  nealthful  buntfman  winds  hit  early  horn». 
An  d  foonds  a  farewel  to  the  lfeg*ring  night. 
Tke  fluggiih  mift  now  leavet  the  low,  dank 
▼ale,  ^  [^^y 

And  flcwly  dimba  the  diftaat  moaj)tnin*a 
Whilft  the  blithe  milkmaid  fings  beneath  her 
pail. 
And  wekomei  mom,  whatever  it  betide* 
The  (bepherd*s  fleecy  charge  his  fol'd  forfakes : 
The  nightly  plundering  fox,  and  timorous 
hare. 
The  coverts  feek:  And  man  once  more  arwaket 
Tq  grief^  to  joy  j  to  pleafure,  or  to  care. 

PosTitnMout. 

IMPROMPTU 

0M  tht  ^ini*9  heing  dtlivtred  cf  a  fietnd 
Pftiiccx#i. 

WHILE  Britaia't  font,  weU  ikiU*d  la 
Arms, 
For  wifdom,  as  for  Valour,  known, 
^hile  Britaio*8  daughters,  bleft  writh  charms. 
Shall  grace,  as  now,  the  monarch's  thrones 

$0  long  fliall  Bouibon*s  houfiB  be  taught, 

No  more  to  boaft  a  battle  won } 
SiAoc  erery  future  battle  fbeght 

Shall  yield  to  George*8  gallant  fon  t 

for  if  aright  the  Poet  iieeff. 

We  boaft  a  never- endiog  line  $ 
^nd  thofev^ho  rule  as  heav*n  decrees, 

f  oflSsfs  the  throne  b^^Bigbt  divine^ 

M, 


WHEN  the  young  RuffU.  goodjuid  wi(by 
A  viaim  fell  to  death's  ke^  dart. 
Hit  oonlbrt  bo^  it— ^  (be  coidd, 
Sh«  bore  it— with  a  hfpken  heart. 

'  From  that  fad  hour  no  fight  ihe  faw^ 
But  ftiU  her  Ruflfel^t  fate  recurr'd  j 
Her  playful  In fants  (he w*d  their  fire, 
'  Jn  every  aflion,  look,  and  word. 

Much  al  flie  lov*d  each  living  friend* 
She  lov*d  the  dear  departed  more  j 

She  crofs*d  the  wtvts  to  feek  her  lesd. 
And  found  him-^-on  the  hoiv^nly  Ihore* 

Epigram  m  a  late  Aecidmft 

A    Monarch's  head,    with  diimoildi  bU« 
jr\         eon*d  o*er, 
Valu'd  at  Fifty  Pieces,  and  no  more ! 
Whilft  e*en  peer  f^eavers  gladly  would  com- 
bine 
To  rai(e  a  miliion  for  a  head— like  tiiai, 

JVWTO. 

EPIGRAM. 

CtJ  M  te  non  noilem,  Domiiiom,  regem^i 
▼ocabam : 
Cum  bene  te  nofi,  jam  mihi  Prlfcnt  erit. 
Martial,  Lib.  i«  113. 
Imitated, 
I  call*d  thee  iro^Ar,  ere  I  could  difcem  thee  s 
But  now  1  know,  I  call  ihec  E—  of  V— • 

SftgrwH,   hy  John  Robertion,   »  Jkurneytium 
Barber^  d^Derby. 

PAINTERS  at  a  certain  fuMeCt  flick. 
They  know  not  how  to  form  '^Id  Kick  | 
With  doren  feet  they  often  dt  -  hi  n» 
And  fometimet  horn  him,   u*        . ,   daw 

him  ; 
Pfliaw,  nonfenfc  all!  if  'tan't  unc  T. ', 
Draw  Delia  frowning— that's  the  d  .  il. 


Lettre  de  Mi  ford  B.  i  /a  Haye, 

le  20  d*  Oaobrc,  176s*    B*       * 

SI  la  nature  a refoi^,  la  terre,  V  cau douce, 
ct  le  boTs,  a  ce  pays,  let  Hollandois,  in-, 
duflrieoz  ont  fupplle,  afec  lart  a  leur  befoingt, 
cette  icy  que  le  matelot.  etonnee  regarde  I^t 
rivages  drflbut  le  niveatnc  de  la  mcr  }  contre 
let  loix  de  la  nature— cette  ic|  que  les  trou« 
peaux  mangent  1'  Herbe  paifibUment  pendant 
^ue  les  flottt  fufpeaduea  fur  leur  tetes,  fe 
courroocent,  et  menacent  leur  roioe^la 
Mattel  impetiufe,  fe  gomphhle  en  vain,  par 
r  artifice  humaio  repouiei,  elle  fe  retire  de- 
dans le  profood  de  1*  ocean.  Les  monftert 
maritimea  eflray^  t*  enijuient,  ct  lais  fent  ' 
Uor  domaioes>  w  hommct^ky  lea  villet 
^  fupeibct* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


6oS 


Lttter  from  the  Hague. 


i;68. 


fuperWfl,  let  Tillagtt  t*  eleventy  Ottautrefoit 
\tt  efeidret  goerricrei  oat  prie  kor  cotirfe  | 
et  on  trouve  Tout  U  lU^tboufef  det  aocrciy 
dct  nattf/  et  d*  totret  implenieoti  navalct. 

/^ufli  tot  que  r  orb  lumioeuie  4a  jour,  ap- 
•aret  dan*  fa  g|oire»  for  V  onde  de  Sckertl-: 
Sng, — let  pcebeurt  prepatcnt  leor  fileta»  ao 
loog  ds  fa  bord  fabloneufe^les  faifleaux  an 
large,  traverfent  let  vaguet  dangereufca,  a  la 
techerchfc,  du  gam — leur  voilea  de  loin,  pa- 
roifleot  det  etiocelt  luifanteit  en  delt  de  U 
mer,  dant  V  atmofphere  confondoct. 

Icy  la  ckigoniie  amicable^  it  prom^e,  ea 
ibrct^y  avec  ft  becqut  rongaatre,  elle  ap- 
plaudit  gaymenty  1*  hoTpitmlite— >Oet  canaux 
a^mirablet,  let  quelU  daoa  V  etee»  avec  toutct 
iSrtea  de  barquet9  ibnt  TempHa  {  en  byt 2r, 
ibnt  geleef*-a)oxt,  Tairretraety  ell  frappee» 
do  (pno  det  tymbalet ;  et  let  trainaus  dore^ 
pafTent  vitement  fu"  V  bnde  (bllde. 

Det  la)>oureart  fort  richet,  in)iabitent  cef 
plainrs— let  courtifant  alticrs  font  point  icy 
coonuet— le  defpotUm  dethron^«4a  liberte 
fiorit. 

Que  let  mooarchi  be1Iique(e$,  fon^ut 
truellent  aux  armes  ;  la  HolUode  >iven»  dant 
Taboodance  et  la  paix.  Lc  compat  Tappar- 
tienne — fet  ordret  font  porteet«  aiut  coofinet 
de  ce  globe— jufqij  ic]r»  j'ai  conte,  traoquUl- 
ineot  met  plaifirt—le  gcni  de  la  terre»  de 
ma  patrie  tret  heuieuCe,  in*admooet  de 
finir—fon  pouvoir  eft  fupreme,  fa  gloire  m'eft 
bieo  plot  chere ;  que  let  platfirt^  et  It  vie.  - 

Writ}tn  by  a  noble  Lord  now  dt  the  Hague, 
Odober  30,  1768.     B. 

NO  R  wood,  earth,  water  to  tbcfe  realo^t 
beloog-r-yet  the  ifidoftrioni  Hollander 
with  fenfe,  fuppHet  the  wast  of  theiii*for 
whilft  the  aftoQiihed  mariner  admires^  the 


ftoret  hthvf  the  lefd  of  iie  fetf  tiie  grac^ 
ing  herdt  of  cattle  feed    fecw^  Bar  dread 
though  high  aboTe  them,  moimt'oont  bilowr- 
roart   to    natuie*i    lav    prepoflcioua    The 
fwcUi|^|  tidea,  ^  humaa  artifice  dfote  faacV,  • 
raire  iolo  the  dan^  f  tofooad  |    aftd  tke  if • 
frighted  mooftcra  ot  the  main  fly*  asd  uA^  • 
their  regiona  to  mankind— 4ie<e  noble  ckictv 
vniverfitiea,    and   villager  ariCe  wbete  bottle, 
ileett  have  (ailed  1    aad  faok  brnraCli  the 
Scadthoafe!    PooderoiM  weighl,    aschott  el'. 
ftipt   tall  matt,    aad  implenienu  of  naval 
war  are  ftond.   Soon  at  the  ktmino^^f^  of 
day,    it  rilen  gtorioos  over  tbe-Scheveii^g 
fbfge  i  the  fi/hetmca  prepetg}  tMr  aectmi  en; 
att  Tandy  beach— the  ibipf  9t  £ta  weia  o*cAhe 
ippctttoot  guif  for  tahi-^the  ^fia  W  e^ 
like  fliioiog  fpecict  t|»pcara  befond  die  oecaa^ 
in  the  radiant  flty. 

Here  treada  unhorty  9Mt  friendly  Aorh,. 
the  lea  born  mead,  (happing  his  iafton  biU, 
in  praife  of  hofpitality— The  long  canalsf 
which  now  with  vtriout  pleafore  boata. 
aboond,  in  winter  are  with  ice  flml  op  Ivoqi 
aommerce— Yet  then  whilft  the  tight  air 
reibuadt  with  beat  of  horfei  feet,  the  gao^y 
fledge  flidet  fvrift  aloof,  the  fblid  wave-^. 
Rich  labourert  inhabit,  in  foil  faiety,  all 
the  phini<— proud  courticit  are  ooknoWtt^— 
dtfpotifoi  it  defhroned«-genarOoa  Cfc^ty  pit«^ 
vailf,  to  each  fadary  feeure. 

Though  monarch  t  o*er  the  ^obe  Jand 
dreadfully  t§  armi^  Fair  KoUgmJf  yet  ia  bleft^ 
with  abundance,  and  with  peace—the  com- 
pall  it  her  ownj  ev*ry  eommercc  ^otb  en* 
rich  her  inaccelfable  domain -^whilft  thefe 
pleafuret  I  recount,  the  geoint  of  the  eartV 
where  firft  I  ^rew  my  bre^ih,  admooiAea' 
me  to  end— itt  di^tet  are  faprcme,  ita 
glory  far  more  dear,  than  happineia,  and  liCe^ 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRQNOLOGER. 


To  Kin  AY,  OA.  15. 

^  N  highwayman  waa  (hot^ by  the . 

]  guard  attending  the  Exeter 
'  coach,  in  Belfond  Ltnc,  near 
]  Houriflow,  and  immedia*tciy  ex- 

One  of  the  coal  mctcr't  placet  wai  fold  at 
Cuildhall,  for  twenty-one  ycari,  to  Sir 
Jamet  Efdaile,  fir  6510 1,  and  that  of  one 
of  tht  corn-metert,  to  Mr.  Burdett,  fot  the 
iairte  term,  for  3390 1. 

The  king  invcRcd  the  marquit  of  Lothian 
with  enfigni  of  the  ancient  and  moft  noble, 
order  of  the  Tbiftle,  at  St*  James*i. 
Tubs  DAY,   Nov.  1. 

An  old  hoo'e  ft[\  down  in  Hatton-Garden» 
hy  which  ibme  laboarera  were  killed. 

MoitOAY,    7. 

Mr.  Biogley  (Sec  p.  441.)  furrendcred  hiiia- 
iclf  to  the  ciDun  of  King'i  Beocbj  in  dif- 


charge  of  hia  bail,    aad  wi^   lent  to  tb« 

Kiog*t  Bcoch^  priibn. 

'.   TUXSDAY   t%        ' 

The  court  of  Mayor  and  AUkstdtn  nnn« 
nimouOy  gave  thtir  thankato  tbe  lalt  Lord- 
Mayor. 

The  queen  wat  hazily  deUvered  ^  ^ 
princeft^  at  her  palace  in  St.  JamM*ft^ark» 

WlDNXtOAY,   9« 

The  houfe  of  peert  addrefled  the  king  fbr 
hit  moft  gracloui  fpetch  (fee  p.  $76*)  f^ 
whicl^  h^  returned  the  following  aofwer  } 

«'  MjrLofday 

I  receive  with  great  fatit^Aion  the  alSi<v 
rancet  yao'gtve  of  yoof  radilMdon^ln  pqiluo 
the  commercial  interefta  of  tbiacoontry,  a%^ 
your  readioeff  to.  foppAt  ^ibe  iNtyW  of  my 
people, 

Youf'  zealous  concorreflfe  in  every  mtffm4 
that  can  bring  relief  to  my  people,  it  t^|l 
fcoowq  to  me  j  nor  do  1  doobt  of  the  a^^t 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


667* 


rion  fou  will  always  givi  to  any  real  griev- 
aac«a  of  my  America  1  fubjeds*  Trie  ftrong, 
ailiarancec  1  recti ve  tto.rx  you,  at  the  fame 
ximCf  of  your  determioatton  ta  vindicate  the 
juft  legiflacive  aucboriCy  ot  Parliament  over 
aH  the  dominions  of  my  crown,  deferve  my 
warmed  »p probation. 

SaoFiuel  Turner,  Efq*,  Lord  Mayor,  attend- 
ed as  ufual,  went  by  water  to  Weilmii^fter, 
and  retur  .ing*  with  the  accuftomed  ceremo- 
nVj  entertained  the  aldermen,  grrac  oificett 
of  ftate,  ice:  at  Guildnail. 

Fbiday,   XI. 

The  houfe  of  rommo  s  prcfcntci  their  ad- 
drefs  tp  the  king,  and  received  a  moft  graci-^ 
otta  anlwer. 

Monday,  14. 

Mr.  William  Pimlott,  of  Syiiiondi-Inn» 
tn  attorney,  was  ft^bbed  by  a  womari  of  his 
»c<]uaint^nce  in  the  breaO,  and  d  ed  of  the 
wound.  The  coror.er*s  lAqueft  brought  it  in 
WiHul  murder^  and  the  murdref*  is  in  cuftody. 

The  lottery    began  drawing  at  Guildhali, 
when  No.  550I0  was  drawn  a  20I.  prize,  and, 
as  firft  draMrn,  is  intitled  aifo  to  500 1. 
Tuesday,   15. 

The  common -council  votea  their  thanks  tO 
the  late  Lord  Mayor. 

WiDNi-DAY,   16. 

The  Lord  Mayor,  Aidcrmea,  and  Com- 
ZBons,  waited  on  the  king  at  St.  James's  with 
the  following  addrcis^  and  afterwards  had  the 
iaonour  to  kiis  tis  hand*  Aftcrwaroa  they 
had  cake  and  caude  at  the  Queen's  houfe. 
To  the  K.ing*s  moft  exceiient  majetly. 
The  humble  addreft  of  the  Lord-Mayor,  Al- 
dermen,   and   Commont,    of  the  city   of 

London,  in  Common.Council  afl'rmblcd. 
•<  Moft  Gracious  Sovereign, 

WE  your  m4jeffy*8  mod  dutiful  and  loyal 
Aibje^ta,  the  Lord-Mayor,  AJdermen,  and 
Commons  of  the  ciry  of  London,  ia  common- 
council  aflembled,  moil  humbly  beg  leave  to 
exprefs  our  hncere  and  hearty  congtatuUtiona 
on  the  fafe  delivery  of  the  queen,  and  the 
aufpiciout  birth  of  another  prioceft. 

Every  inaeafe  of  domedic  happtnefs  to 
jour  majefly  and  your  anuaole  con.oit  will  al- 
^irayt  fi<l  the  hearts  oi  your  f^iihrui  citieeos 
of  London  with  joy  and  gratitude  to  the  di- 
vine goodaefs. 

Permit  us,  Sir,  to  oflfer  you  ourmoft  uo- 
feigued  aflu lances  of  duty  and  affection  to 
your  royal  perfon  j  and  we  mod;  ardently 
pray,  that  y.>ur  re gn  may  belong  and  prof- 
peroua  ^  that  loyahy  to  your  majelty,  fubmif- 
AoA  to  the  laws,  the  love  of  true  conOitu- 
tional  liberty,  and  a  well -governed  seal  tor 
the  eommen  welfare,  may  animate  your  ma- 
jefty**  fabje^  throughout  evrry  part  of  your 
cztenfive  empire. 

^ned  bf  order  of  court, 

HODCKS.** 

To  which  addfefs  hit  majefty  wai  pleaicd 
to  retoto  thisniaftgriciotti  anfwer* 
M«¥.  t76S« 


**  I  receive  with  the  greatefl  pleafore  thia 
dutiful  and  a/fe^ionate  addref*;  and  return 
you  my  hearty  thanks  for  your  congratula- 
tion on  rrxe  happy  delivery  of  the  queen  aim 
the  bmh  of  a  princeft,  as  well  as  /or  the  re- 
peated aifurances  you  give  me  of  your  loyalty 
and  atuchment  to  my  perfon  and  family. 

The  prefervation  of  the  religion,  laws,  and 
liberties  of  my  people,  in  every  ptr t  of  my  do- 
minions, i»  eflential  to  thffir  true  happii^fty 
and  18,  therefore,  the  great  object  ot  my  at- 
tention.—Thole  sre  the  principles  which 
ever  have  been,  and  tvcr  (halt  be,  the  fole 
rule  of  my  government." 

SATuaDAT,    19, 

The  New  bridge,  ai  Black  liiars  was  open- 
ed as  a  bridle  way,  jufl  two  years  fince  the 
opening  the  temporary  bridge  for  loot  palfen- 
geis. 

No.  29802  drawn  this  day  a  prire  of 
10,000 1.  was  fold  at  Charlci  Cof belt's  of- 
fice.   No.  30.  Flceiftiect. 

WednesdaV,  2J.  . 

Urquhart,   Haniun,  Miiler,  and  Williams, 
weie  txecutcd  at  Tyburn.  Davis,  Singer,  and 
Paffingham  were  icprievcd,     (See  p.Sjy.  ) 
ThumsdaY)  24* 

Mr.  Pridden  was  fined  68.  8d.  Mr.  Wil- 
liams  13s.  4d.  and  Mi-.  Brett  6s.  8d.  by  the 
court  of  king  s  Bench,  the  two  former  for  I'cl- 
liog  the  North  Briton  Extraordinary  No.  4^ 
and  the  laft  for  Idling  the  North  Briton  No« 
50,   and  were  difchargcd. 

As  potatoee  are  at  this  time  uncommon!/ 
cheap^  but  w'll  in  ajl  probability  be  dearer  in 
cale  of  a  levere  v^intcT,  it  may  be  an  ufcful 
piece  of  information  to  acquaint  the  poor^ 
that  if  they  are  bought  as  taken  from  the 
ground,  (without  walking)  and  put  between  lay- 
ers of  Araw  in  a  dryoom,  they  will  keep  per- 
fectly good  from  this  lime  till  Midfummer. 

Some  difputes  hsppening  lately,  between 
the  maAer  of  Eton  fehool  and  the  fcholarij 
the  Utter  left  it  in  a  body  ;  but  they  are  fmce 
returned,  and  the  ftorm  is  hulhed  into  a  calm* 

A  gentleman  juft  re:urned  from  France  re- 
lates the  finguhr  adventures  ol  an  Hexliam 
girl  at  Calais  t  He  fays,  (he  had  travelled 
from  Hexhain  with  onl>  7s.  6d.  in  her  poc- 
ket ;  aud  had  only  6d.  left  from  London 
down  to  Dover.  The  maftar  of  the  packet 
boat  would  not  take  her  in,  until  the  Engli/h 
gentlemen  paid  her  padage :  When  they  arri- 
ved at  Calais,  where  (he  expe^ed  tufino  her  bro- 
ther (  he  caufeof  her  imprudent  journey)  the 
letter  (he  had  brought  with  her  proved  it  to 
be  Cad'z  in  Spain  where  he  reAded.  Yet  fo 
great  was  the  generofity  of  the  Englifh  gen- 
tlemen, that  they  raifed  her  above  fix  guineas 
to  (peed  her  forward  through  a  country,  (he 
language  of  which  (he  does  not  underf^aod, 
and  hut  only  the  dire£Mon  of  a  letter  for  a 
guide.  , 

Several  pyrates  and  murdereei  have  been 
apprehended  and  brought  to  cheMailhaires, 

4  H  of 


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The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


Not. 


of  whom  the  fallowing  it  an  tccount  t  A  fet 
of  daring  feliuwa  for  upwards  of  (even  years 
paft,  mo^  of  whom  lived  at  Hadingi  in  Suf- 
foK  9  and,  during  that  time,  bo«ri!sd  and 
robbed  feveral  fliip«  coming;  up  the  channel^ 
»Ad  in  pircicular  boarded  a  Dutch  (hip  home- 
ward bound,  plundered  the  (hip,  murdered 
all  the  crew,  and  then  funk  the  (hip.  At 
iaft,  they  were  diftovered  by  their  bragging 
to  one  another  how  the  Dutchmafl  wriggled 
about  when  they  had  cut  him  on  the  bick 
bone  with  an  ax  t  upon  ^his,  information 
was  given  to  4 he  government,  who  immedi- 
ately  ordered  a  detachment  of  two  hundred 
Toldiers  to  ma^h  from  London  for  Hatlingi, 
with  drift  charge  not  \^  let  the  lead  word 
franfpire  that  could  give  any  perfon  fufpicion 
of  what  they  came  for;  and  a  fo  if  any  dlf- 
torbance  fhould  happen  in  the  town,  not  to 
interfere  therein  ;  upon  their  arrival  there,  or 
the  next  dayalttr,  the  mayor  of  Haflingt  was 
walking  in  the  towr>,  when  he  was  interro- 
gated by  one  of  the  gang,  (as  they  went  by 
the  name  of  Ruxey's  crcw,  or  gang)  what 
the  foldirrs  came  ftr,  upon  which  the  mayor 
aofwered  biiti  he  could  not  tell)  upon  which 
they  alTaulied  the  mayor,  who  called  to  the 
foldiers  to  afltll  him  ;  and  they  having  or- 
ders not  to  iotermeddjc  in  any  difturbance,  re- 
fiifed  their  adidance,  but  upon  their  officers 
appearing,  they  immediately  feized  three  of 
the  g'«ng,  who,  together  with  feveral  others 
have  been  fent  to  London.  A  man  of  war 
Bnd  a  cotter  lay  off  Haflings  for  fome  time  to 
receive  them,  the  appearance  of  which  gave 
the  gang  more  utieaftnefs  than  the  ariival  of 
the  foldieri* 

A  few  day  I  (ince  ai  fome  workmen  were 
digging  the  foundation  of  a  houfe  near  Clerk- 
en  well- clofe,  one  of*  them  picKed  up  a  large 
anticnt  copper  coin  u  Hh  the  following  letters 
round  the  impre(!Ton  of  a  Cxfar's  head  :  IM- 
PlCAESVESPAVGPMTRPPPCOSVItl. 
On  the  reverfe  fide  au  olive  tree,  with  two 
^fmall  human  6gures,  one  on  each  fide  there- 
of. That  on  the  left  (^ands  ereft,  on  the  right 
of  the  dock,  or  near  the  rout,  fitting  in  a  re- 
clining pofturr,  1  aning  as  it  were  his  head  on 
his  lett  hand.  Round  the  whole,  near  the 
edge,  as  on  the  other  fide,  were  thcfe  letters : 
— IVDBACAPlA.  Underneath  their  feet 
S.  C.  The  letteis  on  both  fides  arc  at  even 
Q. dances,  and  no  points  or  dope  ;  the  coin  is 
well  preferved,  and  the  whole  impreflfton  le- 
gii>le. — The  gentleman  who  favoured  us  with 
the  aSove,  gave  the  workmen  fixpencefoc  it. 

The  elo^ion  of  one  of  ;hc,  i6  peers  for 
3cotl*nd,  in  the  room  of  the  late  carl  of  Mor- 
ton, w'll  come  on  Dec.  ai,  next. 

The  flaop  Renah  trom  Jamaica  to  North 
Carolina,  being  loft  on  the  Jardinc  rocks,  to 
tbfC  Jp.tjth  of  Cuba,  the  crcw  took  to  their 
bp«t  and  getting,  after  many  hardftip?,  to  a 
•  little  Spa  nidi  fore  at  the  entrance^  of  the  river 
^aguJt   iodcad  QJf  beidg  humanely  treated^ 


were  u(ed  very  cruelly  there,  and  afterwards  at 
the  Havanoa,  plundered  and  dripped,  bat  at 
lad  fudered  to  depart  in  an  £i>gli(h  (hip  £« 
New  York. 

Mr.  Fox,  fon  of  Lord  Holland,  bat  ertd- 
ed  a  theatre  at  his  houfe  at  Winiciikw, 
Wilts,  in  which  the  tragedy  of  Z^ra  vsi 
perf^ormcd  by  hioiiclf  and  other  perfottof 
didio£tion :  Playhoufes  are  al(b  now  t&f 
blidied  in  many  country  placea  for  the  per- 
formance of  the  mock  heroes  j  which  will  m 
doubt  render  a  future  war  very  bcnourabk  to 
us;  and.  perhaps,  we  ihould  call  to  mi^ 
the  fate  of  the  Sybaritae  upon  this  occafioa. 

Raina  and  doods  have  done  great  damage 
near  Birmingham,  at  Henley,  Suatfotd,  a«d 
other  places. 
Ext'aSi  of  a  Letter  from  Londonderry,  0€t»  t^. 

**  We  have  lately  had  a  very  unufuaj  meet- 
ing at  the  palace  of  our  bi(hop :  Hia  iord^^p 
fumroooed  all  his  clergy  to  con(idcr  of  the 
propered  method  to  fupport  tbcfuperaiinoated 
curates  of  his  diocefe :  It  is  (aid  the  matter 
was  much  debated,  bat  hia  lord(hip*s  opinioa 
at  lad  prevailed,  and  it  was  agreed  to 
allow  fifty  pounds  a  year  to  foch  as  his  lord- 
(hip  (hould  deem  uo6c  for  ^vice  s  tve  have 
already  been  put  upon  tb  s  lid,  which  it  ta 
be  fupported  by  an  equal  appointment  opra 
all  the  livings  in  the  diocefe.  His  lordtbip 
it  reported  to  have  rated  his  own  at  (ix  ihca> 
fand  pounds  a  year,  and  this  mcafure^  toge- 
ther with  the  refidence  of  all  his  clergj,  aod 
the  building  of  the  glebe-  houies,  Is  thoaght 
to  be  the  confequence  of  his  p<rochiat  viGta- 
tion  (as  he  called  it)  in  which  he  vifited 
every  particular  pari(h  thiougbout  his  dioceie  i 
if  he  goes  on  as  he  has  begun,  we  (hall  not 
grudge  him  the  moodrous  incoihe  of  his 
bidioprick.** 

Many  French  and  Engl  (h  veflels  with  a 
great  number  of  boats,  have  been  lod  or  dri- 
ven on  (bore  on  the  northern  co^tt  of  New- 
foundland in  a  dorm  on  Sept.  25,  and  many 
lives  were  alfo  lod. 

In  Virginia  great  riots  have  happened  ea 
account  of  the  inirodudion  of  inoculation  for 
the  fmall-pox,  and  fooae  ladies  and  chUdxcfl 
then  under  it,   were  moil  inhumanly  treated. 

Rifings  and  commotions  of  a  dangierois  na- 
ture h^ve  happened  in  Noith  Carolina :  a  (ct 
of  men  who  call  themfelvea  regoUcoxs,  are 
alfo  up  in  arms  in  the  back  parts  of  Soofb 
Crrolina,  with  a  vi'w  to  teitlc  a  oK>re  eqoi- 
tahle  government  than  they  are  fobjeft  to  at 
prefenr,  from  the  jurifdi^ioo  of  ibc  courts  at 
Gharlea-Tuwn,  by  the  edaU>duneat  of 
county  an^  circuit  courts. 

The  Bodon  Chronicle  of  Oaobei  f »  lay^ 
The  troops,  to  the  number  of  o»e  thouiaci 
men,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Dilrym- 
pie,  arrived  at  Bofton  iirom  Ha-lifax»  oh  the 
30th  of  September,  efcorted  by  the  Lan^ef- 
ton,  ot  40  guns;  the  Mermaid,  of  aS ; 
Glafgow,  of  fto  ^  fteaver,  14.;  Senegal,  14  ; 

3oactU| 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.         rhe  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


609 


Bonettt,    20;     and  two   armed    fchooDeii. 
Captain  Srohh  command*  the  fh  pi  of  war. 

Another  account  frrm  Bofton  of  the  fame 
date,  confiims  the  abovf,  and  fays :  Friday 
laft,  Sept.  30,  ahout  tv.  o  o'clock,  the  Rom- 
ney,  and  the  reft  of  his  majefty'a  (hips  of 
war  and  armed  fchooocrs,  with  the  troops 
from  Halifax  on  boaid,  confiding  of  the  14th 
regiment,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Colonel 
D*lrymplc  J  the  29th,  commauded  by  Lieute- . 
nant  Colonel  Carr  ;  and  a  dtt»chment  of  the 
59tb,  co-nmanded  by  Capt.  Wilibn,  with  a 
company  of  the  Jtrain  of  artillery,  and  two 
pieces  of  cannon,  came  to  anchor  before  the 
town. 

On  Saturday  forenooji,  OGt,  i,  the  troops 
were  put  on  board  the  armed  fcboonen,  and 
boats  belonging  to  the  men  of  war,  and  at 
twelve  o'clock  were  landed  on  the  long- 
wharf  :  from  the  wharf,  they  marched  into 
King-ftreet;  and  from  thence  into  the  com- 
jnon:— About  three  o'clock  a  company  of 
the  train,  with  two  pieces  of  cannon,  joined 
them  on  the  common,  where  the  %^x\i  regi- 
ment encamped  :  the  14th  regiment  march- 
ed In  the  evening  to  Fanucil  Ha)l,  and  after 
waiting  fome  hours,  were  admitted  into  the 
Hall.  On  Siturday  night  part  ot  the  X4th 
regiment  were  quartered  in  the  town  houfe. 
The  detachment  of  the  59th,  and  the  tr-in, 
•re  quartered  in  fome  fturei  on  Griffin*s 
wharf. 

Other  adficet,  fo  late  as  the  loth  of  Ofto- 
ber  mention,  that  the  felcft-n^en  of  the  fe- 
▼eral  provinces  were  gone  ho-nc  ; 

That  the  convention  alfembly  had  diflblv- 
ed  themfcivcs,  and  continue  only  to  meet  as 
amicable  friends  to  adjuft  tl^eir  difputes  ; 

That  part  of  the  troops  had  been  quartered 
2D  the  caf^le  and  barracks,  and  the  remainder 
of  them  in  Totnc  old  enr^pty  houfes ; 

That  the  inhabuanti  had  been^ordered  to 
bring  in  all  their  arms,  which  In  general 
they  had  comolied  withj  and  that  thofe  who 
were  in  pofTeflion  of  any  after  the  expiration 
of  a  notice  given  them,  were  to  t^e  the  con- 
fcquence  ; 

And  upon  the  ivhole,  all  feemed  to  be  very 
quiet  when  the  lettets  came  away. 


So-ne  Greeks  and  Ifallar.s  lately  carried 
by  Dr.  TurnbuU  to  the  MoHquito  fliore* 
formed  a  fclieroe  to  return  to  their  own 
country  j  but  were  overpowered  and  the 
mutiny  was  quelled. 

On  Aug-  19,  a  fmart  (hock  of  an  earth- 
qQake,wa&  felt  in  Jam«iica. 

The  Egmont  Eaft- India  (hip,  from  Ma- 
dras, bring!  a  confirmition  of  P^ace  being 
concluded  with  the  Nizam,  in  confideratiAn 
of  a  fum  of  money  to  be  paiH  him  \  hut  the 
war  with  Hyd^r  Ally  continoes  with  great 
obilinacy,  aotJ  at  an  cnormoBS  expenc;:  to  or, 
which  his  oUigtd  the  tt^y)ty  at  Madras  to 
contra^  a  laige  bond  debt,  over  and  above 
the  remittances  that  have  been  made  to 
them  froofi  Bengal.  H>dcr  Ally  keeps  his 
army  in  a  mountainous  country,  where  our 
troops  cannot  a£t,  an<^  he  freojcntly  haratfes 
lis  with  his  cavalry.  The  great  dift*nce  st 
which  this  war  is  carried  on  from  our  let* 
tlementa,  renders  it  not  only  very  expenfive, 
bur  alfo  difficul*"  to  fupply  our  army  with  pro- 
▼ifions  J  and  Colonel  Smith,  co-rmunder  of 
the  company's  troops,  had  been  obliged  on 
that  account  to  retire  nearer  hnme  a  little 
while  before  the  Egmont  left  Madras. 

Fteiher  advices,  by  the  Gteenwich,  from 
Bombay,  inform  that  fo-re  (hip?  of  war  be- 
longing to  the  India  corrtpany  had  failed  about 
the  latter  end  of  Mznh  laft  with  a  detach- 
ment o*  land  forces  on  an  expcoition  again(t 
Mangaloure,  the  principal  ffa  port  belonging 
to  Heyder  Ally,  where  at  t^^^t  time  his  whole 
naval  force  I'y,  conftfti")g  o  thirty  cruiiing 
veflTels,  belides  two  thips  on  the  liccksf  one 
cf  40  guns  and  another  of  20 

Mangaloure  bting  a  pUce  of  no  great 
flrengtb,  our  troo.^s  f.'on  tn-dc  ih-^rarclv-rs 
maftciS  of  it,  and  fetzed  ali  the  ftiips  in  the 
harbour,  which  wee  imm-dia:ely  fent  to 
Bombav. 

Thcfc  a<<v  CCS  alfo  m-ntion,  that  Heyder 
AUv,  as  Toon  as  he  received  intelligence  of 
this  cntcrpnzc,  had  marched  at  the  head  of 
locoo  men,  but  arrived  too  late  to  fave  his 
fleet;  htwever,  he  c^  ft  I  y  retook  the  place, 
and  made  the  hrall  ^rrjibn  that  was  Icfc  in 
it  prifoteri  of  war. 


^>x  IMPARTIAL   REVIEW  £/•  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


CTHE  meiancbofy  Dot^nne   of  Prtdtflination 
expnjcd  i  and  tbt  delightful  Truth  of  uni- 
^e'fal  Redemption  attempted.    By  Edward  Har- 
wocd,  L.  L.  D.  90  pages,    izmo.    Bccket. 

This  is  a  wel:-.iKam  trail,  and  muft  give 
much  pleafura  to  every  real  friend  cf  re^fon 
aod  relgion. — The  arguments  are  fo  cib'e, 
though  we  cannot  fay  much  in  favour  cf  he 
ftilf }  and  T>t.  Harwood  is  at  Jeaft  a  very  fen- 
6ble  m%nt    though   we  caonvt  comolifncot 


him  with  the  charafler  of  a  very  elegant 
^writer. 

II.  Some  fiiu  general  Remarks  on  FraHurft 
and  D'Jlxjt ions.  By  PctuvA  o«t,  F.  R.  S, 
andjjurge^n  to  St.  Bar  hoiomcw's  Hofpital, 
126  pa^cs,    8vo.  Hawes. 

The  great  repurat on  which  Mr..  Pott  has 

^quirtd  in    his  p'of«.(rion,  ir.u^  undoubtedly 

make   any  proc)u£\<on    of  hi»  in  any  Hr^rch 

furgery,  cxrrtmely  acceptable   to   the  public. 

4  H  2  The 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6iB 


Impartial    Review 


Nw. 


The  prefeat  work  treati  in  a  regular  feiict  of 
ftaQuref   finder  tbe  heads  of 

£xCeoGon»  Counter  extcafioo.   CoaptatioOf 

or  fettiDg.    Application  of  mcdicamenta. 

Deligation  or  bandage.     Pofition.    Pre- 

TCBtion  or  relief  of  acridenii* 

Mr.  Pott  drviatei  in  this  treatife  very  much 

from   the  common  modes    of  pradice — but 

how  far  this  deflation  is  right,   exferience 

alone  can  manifeft. 

III.  Qbfervationt  en  tbe  Douglas  Ctf«/4^  i« 
lateral  \  but  chitfy  witb  a  Viru)  U  tkt  Chs^ 
ra£lers  of  the  t'artiet  frineipally  concerned  om 
the  Part  cf  ibi  Defendant.  In  a  Letter  to  a 
nobU  Lord,  from  a  Gentleman  of  Scotinnd,  58 
pages,  iimo.     DilJy. 

When  a  letter  written  for  the  private 
information  of  a  noble  lord  is  induftriouflf 
laid  before  the  whole  public,  it  re<)«tres  but 
little  penetiation  to  fee  that  tbe  impartial  au- 
thor ia  an  interefted  advocate  in  favour  of  tbe 
j>Art  he  efpoufes. — This  is  the  cafe  with  the 
prefeot  writer,  and  therefore  it  is  only  ne- 
ceirary  to  obfefc,  that  he  labouis  as  much  aa 
poffible  to  prove  Mr  Do«>gUs  the  (on  of  Ifady 
Jane  Steuirt^  in  oppofiiion  to  the  decree  late- 
Jy  pronouncrd  againft  him  by  the  principal 
court  sf  junice  in  Scotland. 

IV,  The  Caricature  ;  or.  Battle  of  tbe  Bnttt, 
as  it  watf>ught  at  Brentford,  &c,  on  Monday 
the  z%th  0/ March,  X76S.  By  £.  Whirle- 
pool,  ^itiaun and lUbeidaJbtr.  ill  pages  Svo. 
Keaidcy. 

An  unaccountable  compound  of  peitneis 
and  Aupidiiy. 

V,  Otnjiantia  :  An  Elefj  to  tbe  Men^ry  of 
a  Lady  lardy  deceajed,  4C0.    is.  Becket. 

There  is  fomcthing  pretty  in  this  elegy, 
though  there  is  nothing  great,  but  mrdiociiry 
in  poetry  will  poffibly  be  pronounced  a  total 
sH^nt  of  me;ir,  and  m  that  cafe  we  cannot 
recommend  it  very  warmly  to  our  readers. 

VI.  Difceurjti  ona  f<J>cr  and  temper  ate  Life^ 
Cy  Lewis  Coinaro,  a  noble  Venetian,  l&mo. 
aa.  White. 

Lewis  Cornaro  lived  to  the  age  of  an  hun^ 
drcd  by  following  tbe  fenlible  advice  contained 
in  thcfe  ditcouries. — Tnis  is  a  new  iranfl^tion 
of  the  n^ble  Venetian,  and  not  unhappily  ex- 
ecuted, 

VII  rieTiJi  ofFriendfiip  ',  Or,  the  Hiflory 
of  Lord  Geo.  B —  and  6ir  Harry  Atton, 
%  volt,  izmo.     Noble. 

We  cannot  ftifficiently  admire  tbe  caution 
oF  our  tiovcUidi  now-a^days  who  while  they 
give  the  name  of  one  pr^ncip»l  character  at 
length,  yet  think  ihemftlves  obliged  to  con- 
ceal that  of  another  with  ihe  niced  circum- 
fpcftion— it  IS  inoeed  true  that  tijey  may 
plead  precedents  tor  this  pra£)ifs  even  frrm 
authors  ol  the  firll  reputation  in  this  fpe- 
cies  of  literature — Richardfon  hinr.f^lf,  tho' 
he  prints  Sir  Charles  Grandifon,  without  the 
leaft  cm  ^on  often  confines  his  novelty  to 
the  contra^^ed  limics  of  a  tingle  leuer,    and 


his  lady  G—  or  hb  Lady  L—  arecoatimMUy 
difappointiDg  our  cartofity,  and  patting  as 
in  mind  that  tholie  things  mc  eacirely  fic- 
tion which  we  wi/h  to  confider  as  a&oal  rea- 
lities— Our  nov^liftt  ihould  recoiled  tkat 
there  is  a  lift  of  baronets,  aa  well  m  of  feos 
in  moft  of  oar  Court  Kalandert,  and  that  it 
is  as  eafy  to  dete^  tbe  literary  creatioa  of 
the  one  at  the  other. — However,  aot  to  take 
op  tbe  reader's  time  with  trifling  obfervatioM 
when  the  important  manufa£ture»  of  Mi. 
Noble's  fbop  are  to  be  reTiewed»  we  muft  <fe- 
clare  that  the  gooda  at  prefeot  before  us  are 
as  faUaUe  as  moft  of  his  eommadititt,  though 
we  fancy  the  French  %omret  of  this  kind  n^ 
be  much  more  readily  bought  up  at  ail  (he 
European  markeu. 

Vin.  Aftrious  important  Litter  to  the  R^ht 
Reverend  Bifbopt  and  Clergy  of  tbe  Church  sf 
England,  &c.  By  Samuel  Roe,  A.  M.  Fiaf 
of  Statfold  in  Bedford  (hire.  Dodfley,  410.  it. 

The  tendency  of  this  letter  it  to  obtain  a 
revifal  of  the  Litur^,  which  Mr.  Roe  thinka 
in  fome  placet  repugnant  to  the  priodples  af 
the  Chriftiao  religion  |  particularly  in  the 
curfea  appointed  for  tbe  fervice  of  Aih-Wcd- 
nefday — Our  author  is  not  the  only  perfim  in 
England  who  thinks  the  revifal  of  our  Liturgy 
neceilary  \  but  we  are  afraid-  that  his  aigu- 
meots  will  never  excite  any  de£rc  among  the 
clergy  to  comply  with  the  re^ueft  '^^r^intd  ia 
the  prefent  pet  form  ^  nee. 

iX.  Another  pirtinent  and  cnricta  hater  H 
the  Public,  in  ba-oour  of  a  Revifal  and  the 
Amendment  of  cur  Liturgy^  By  Sa^.  R(.c, 
A.  M.  4to.    IS.  Dodfley. 

This  letter,  which  is  written  by  the  fore- 
going author,  contains  fome  auxiliary  argu- 
ments to  juft  fy  the  application  which  is 
made  to  the  clergy  of  the  eftabli(bed  church 
in  the  preecding  pamphKt.— -  The  wHter  n 
one  of  thofe  people  who  fland  extremely  well 
in  their  own  opinion,  and  though  a  compCi* 
ment  may  be  due  to  the  reditude  of  his  b- 
lentiun,  there  is  none  to  be  paid  eilher  to  hii 
modefiy  or  his  underftanding 

X.  The  injured  Daughter,  or  tbe  Bi/Ury 
of  Mift  Maiia  Beaumoni,  %  VuL  xamo. 
Noble. 

If  the  MelTrs  Noble  do  not  elSeatially  fcrvc 
theintereft  of  Letters  in  their  publications 
of  this  kino,  thc|  moft  commonly  {trvt  the 
intereft  of  their  country  in  promoting  the  ma- 
nufaAure  of  paper — ro  fay  nothing  of  the  nu- 
merous hands  they  keep  eoiployec*  in  the  bo- 
finefs  of  authorlhip  {  to  find  fault  with  their 
novels  therefore  would'  be  to  prevent  the  em- 
ployment of  tbe  poor,  and  we  mufi  cooie^ 
quently  reoommeud  the  writer  of  Mifs  Ma- 
ria B  auffiont  to  the  proteAion  of  our  readers, 
at  we  would  a  Spitalfields  weaver  in  a  time 
of  general  mourning,  or  a  half  Aarved  wa- 
tera)«n  during  a  hard  froA. 

XI.  Thvo  Grammatical  Effays^Tlrfi  oa  a 
Barbarijm  in  the  EogUlli  Loftguage^  in  a  Letter 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Of    new   Publications. 


1768. 

'ft  Dr,  S— .  Secpnd  on  tht  Ufefuln*ft  and 
I4tceJJitf  of  Gnmimatical  Kimuieaget  in  Order 
to  a  right  Interpretation  of  the  Sc^ptnres,  Ba- 
thurft.    59  pages  tvo.  ' 

Thefe  two  cflfays  feem  the  work  of  a  maf-  < 
terly  band,  and  cannot  but  give  great  fatis* 
fa^on  to  a  reader  of  eruditiofi. 

XII.  Remarks  upon  a  Bdok  intitled,  a  fbort 
Hiftory  of  Barbadoea,  in  tvbicb  the  pmrtiat 
Mnd  unfair  Reprdentationt  of  the  Author  upon 
the  Subje&i  of  hit  Wftory  in  general,  and  up' 
om  the  Demand  of  Prtviiege  in  particular  aro 
dtteHed  and  expojed,  Alnnon.  88  pagei  8vo. 
.  The  title  page  ftflly  explains  the  natore  of 
tbia  anicle,  and  we  need  only  add,  that  the 
prefent  writer  feemi  to  hare  room  enough  for 
bia  animadverfioni. 

Xlil.  Monody  to  the  Memory  of  a  young 
Z^dy  who  ditd  in  Child-Bed.  By  an  affliSied 
Hutband.  4to.   it.    Nicol. 

There  is  a  vein  of  tcndernefs  in  this  p'ece 
Tcrr  well  adapted  to  the  melanch.ily  fubjedl-^ 
the  lady's  lalt  addrefs  is  very  atfe^ng*- 

IX.  . 

HowHliU  I  e*er  forget  that  dreadful  hour. 
When  feeling  Death*s  refiftlefs  pow>. 
My  band  flio  prefrd  wet  with  her  fallio^  tears. 
And  tbu»,  to  faitVing  accems,  fpolce  her  fears! 
«  Ah,  my  lo»'d  lord,  the  tranfienc  fccnc  it  o'er, 
And  we  muft  part  (alas! }  to  meet  no  more  \ 
But  oh  !  \i  eV  thy  Emma's  namfc  was  dear, 
l(  e'er  thy*  vows  have  charm'd  my  raviih'd 

ear : 
If,   from  thy  lov*d  embrace  my  heart  to  ga'n, 
tVond    friends    have    frown' d,    and  fortune 

imil'd  in  vain  j 
If  it  has  been  my  fole  endeavour,  ftlll 
To  a£t  in  all  obfequioui  to  thy  will  ^ 
To  watch  thy  veiy  fmiles,  thy  wiOi  to  know 
Then  only  truly  bled  when  thou^witt  fo  ; 
If  I  have  cioared  with  that  tond  exceu,  • 
Nor  love  could  a^id,-  nor  toriuiie  make  it  lefs  j 
If  this  I've  done,  and  morr— oh  th^n  be  kmd 
To  tbe  dear  loveiy  babe  I  leave  behind. 
When  time  my  oncelov'd   memory  (hall  ef- 
face, [place,. 
Some  happier  maid  may  take  thy  Emma's 
With  envious  eyca  thy  paitial  fondnefs  f«e,    • 
And  hate  it  for  the  love  you  bore  to  me  : 
My  dsareft  S—  icrg  ve  1  woman's  fei«rs. 
But  one  word  mort  (I  cannot  bear  thy  teats) 
Proroifc— and  I  will  trult  thy  faithful  vow, 
(Oft  have  1  tried,  and  ever  found  thee  true) 
That  to  fome  diiiant  fpot  thoo  wilt  rem  Te| 
This  fatal  pledge  of  haplefi  Emma's  love, 
Where  fafe  thy  blandiihments  i'  may  pirtake. 
And  oh  !  be  tende  for  its  mother's  lake^ 
WiJt  thou  ? 

I  know  thou  wile — fad  Alence  fpeaki  aflsnt. 
And  in  that  pleafing  hope  thy  Edima  dies 
content."  * 
The  following  paflTages  are  extremely  foft 
and  natural,  and  contain  befides  a  harmony  of 
numbers,  not  common  in  publications  of  this 
lund.  n« 


611 


XVII. 
<<  Sickoefs  and  forrow  hovMog  round  my  bed» 
Who  now  with  amtioui  hafte  ihall  hrioe  re- 
lief, ^ 
With  lenient  hand  fuppo^t  npy  drooping  head* 
Alfwage  my  pains,  and  mitigate  my  grief? 
Should  wqildly  bufmefs  call  away. 

Who  now  ihall  in  my  abfence  fondly  mourn, 
Count  ev'ry  minute  ot'-the  loitering  day, 

Intpatient  for  my  quick  return  ? 
Shou'd  aught  my  bufom  difcompoTe, 
Who  now,  With  Tweet  complacent  air. 
Shall  (hiooth  the  rugged  brow  of  care, 

Aitd  foften  all  my  woes  ?   . 
Too  faithful  mem'ry— Ceafe,  O  ceai«~« 
How  fhall  I  e'er  regain  my  peace? 
(O  to. forget  her)— but  how  vain  each  art, 
Whilft  ev'ry  virtue   lives  imprinted  00  my 
XVIU.  [heart. 

And  thou,  my  little  cherub,  left  behind. 

To  hear  a  fathei%  plaints,  to  (hare  his  woes. 
When  Reafoa'sdawn  inrorms  thy  infant  mind. 
And  thy  fweet-litpiog  congue^fbali  afk  the 
caufe. 
How  oft  with  forrow  (ball  my  eyes  run  o'er. 
When,  twining  round  my  knees,  I  trace 
Thy  mother's  fmiie  upon  thy  face  ? 
How  oft  to  my  full  heart  fbalt  thou  reftore 
•£ad  mem'ry  of  my  joys  —ah  now  no  more ! 
By  blelTrngs  once  cnjoy'd  now  mcce  diAreft, 
More  beggar  by  the  riches  once  poileil. 

XiX. 
My  little 'dai  ling  !-~dearer  to  me  grown 
By  all  tbe  tears  thou'il  caus'd— (O  Arange 
to  heat  !) 
Bought  with  a  life  yet  dearer  than  thy  own. 
Thy  cradle  purcbas'd  with  thy  muiber's  bier  : 
Who  now  ih'^il  fcek,    with  fond  delight. 
Thy  infant  ftrps  ro  guide  aiigbt  ? 
She  who,  with  (!oati'>g  eyes,  wou'd  gaze 
On  all  thy  little  artlels  w^ys  j 
By  all  thy  lo7t  erdeuments  ble.'Y, 
And  clafp  thee  oft  with  uanfport  to  hei  breall, 
Alas !  is  gone  — Yet  O^alt  thoo  prove 
A  father's  deareft,  tend 're  ft  luve: 
And  O !  fweet  fenfelefs  fmiler  (envied  (late !) 
As  yet  unconfcious  of  thy  haplcis  fatr. 

When  years  thy  Judgment  (ball  mature. 
And  Reafon   ihcws  thofe  ills  it  cannot  cure, 

Wtlt  thou,  a  father's  grief  t'aflwage. 
For  virtue  prove  the  Pbeenix  of  tbe  earth  ? 
(  Like  her,  thy  mother  dy'd  to  give  thee  birth) 

And  be  the  comfort  of  my  age  ? 
When  fick  and  languiOiing  J  lie  9 
Wilt  thou  my  Emma's  wonted  care  fupply  ? 

And  ott,    as  to  thy  liOening  car. 

Thy  mother^s  virtues  and  her  fate  I  tell. 

Say,  wilt  thou  drop  the  tender  tear, 

Whilft  on  tbe  moumful  theme  I  dwell  ? 

Then  fondly  Aealing  ro  thy  father's  fide. 

Whene'er  thou  fee' ft  the  foft  dii^refs 
Which  I  would  vainly  i<ck  to  hioe. 

Say,  wilt  thou  Arive  to  make  it  left  ) 
To  footh  my  forrows  all  thy  caret  employ, 
A  fid  in  m  ycup  of  grief  iafufe  one  drop  of  ^^  ? 

XV. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Of  frou$ilngs  by  Attachment. 


XIV.  EniUnftTVtfmni-Piue.^ASemnn 
9ttmfim9d  ky  ike  untmefy  DBttb  ^Jl^,  William 
Aika  tbe^  Ymngtr^  wb»  wot  mift  hkamanhf 
wmrdtred  lusrbit  Father's  Houfi,  iy  mm  mrhitrarj 
mlitary  P^wtr,  ^0m  1* uefitUf  tife  ^otb  tf  Majfi 
176%.'^Prtacbed  mt  the  Re^ufft  tf  bit  Friends, 
in  the  Farift>  Cburcb  ^Newiogton  Buttf »  and 
fmhlifi)^  in  Com^Hanet  tvith  the  Demand  of  tbt 
Public.  Bf  John  Free,  O.  D.  it.  Shep- 
herd. 

Thit  it  a  doll  yet  infltmrnatery^ifeoiirici 
tendiog  to  turn  the  boufe  of  prayer  and  the 
pulpit  of  admonitioa  inlo  vehklea  of  abvfe 
•gainft  the  goveroseot. 

XV.  A  Letter  r«  tke  Rigbt  Hm.  Willkm 
Urd  Mamlield,  ^.  mfott  fim  late  Star 
Chamber  Proceedings  in  the  Canft  •/*  Klftg't 
Bench,  *g^^  the  Pubiijher  $f  the  Ektraordt* 
aary  North- Briton,  No.  IV.  By  tbe  Autbor 
if  tbofe  Papers,  it.  8to.  And  fold  by  the  Amtbor 
at  the  Lottery  •(>£€€  ntar  Bartlett'i  Buildiogt, 
Holborn. 

An  naaccoantable  mixture  of  impodence 
nod  infanity,  which  taket  aiTertion  fpr  truth, 
nodufet  fcnrrility  for  argument.— >But  as 

We  WMge  no  war  toitb  Bedlam  or  tbe  Mint^ 
we  ihall  ^ flier  him  co  paft  without  any  far- 
ther cor  red  ion. 

XVI.  Comfideratisns  on  Proceedings  by  In^ 
foraiation  and  Attachment.    By  a  Barrifter  at 

Law.  ^vo.  It.    Harrit. 

There  is  much  acrimony  an4  fome  reafoniog 
in  this  article,  we  (hall  therefore  give  an  ex- 
traf^  from  tbe  latter,  and  refer  thofe  who  are 
fond  of  the  former  to  a  perufal  of  the  pam- 
pblet  at  large. 

«*  So  very  jealous  was  the  old  common 
law  of  every  infringement  that  poAfely  might 
be  made  on  the  fubje6t*8  liberty,  that  no  one 
could  be  put  upon  his  trial  be'dre  a  bill  was 
found  by  a  grand  jury.  That  is,  every  per- 
ibn  underwent  a  trial  by  Pioo  juries,  who 
aioft  agree  in  finding  him  guil  y,  before  he 
could  be  convi^bed.  Thit  mcde  of  trial  it 
co-ceval  with  the  £ngli(h  conftitution)  it 
was  long  previous  to  the  Great  Chavtcr  j  and 
it  exprtfily  confirmed  by  tbe  29th  chapter, 
emphatically  Ailed  The  Golden  Chapter. 
*•  NuUus  liber  homo  eapiatur  ant  imprifowtnr^ 
&c,  niji  per  judicium  pariumfaornm,  vel  per 
legem  terra,'"'  I  know  there  are  fome  per  font 
that  would  argue  that  thit.  is  diijun€Vive« 
At  if  the  mode  of  trial  by  a  juiy  was  intro' 
duced  by  this  ftarutc,  or  that  the  Ux  terra ^ 
or  common* law,  ordained  fome  other  m«.de 
f f  trial  than  that  by  jury. 

But,  with  fubmid^on  to  the  authority  of 
fuch  commentators,  I  would  conjeflure,  that 
Hftl  per  legem  terra  is  only  explanatory  of 
what  goes  before :  *<  That  no  man  fhall  be 
imprifoned  without  the  jndgmentof  his  peert 
'vtl  per  legem  terra 'y*  which  has  a  reference 
to  the  judgmenl  of  his  peers,  beiig  the  com- 
mon law.  I  am  confirmed  herein  by  tho 
opinion  of  the  great  Lord  Coke, .  who  fayt. 


Not- 

in  his  commentaiy  on  Magna  Charta,  **  M^ 
nan  Aall  be  retrained  of  Irit  kherty  by  peti- 
tion or  foggeftioa  to  king  or  eoancil,  withcot 
prefentment  or  trdiAmeot.**  Ai»4  be  fayir 
in  his  third  xnftknte,  *'  That  tke  king  caaoif 
psK  a  man  to  aniWer,  without  prcfBatacBt 
or  iodidment.** 

In  the  idea  of  law,  tko  kinf  is  fuppoM 
lo  prefide  in  perlba  in  hia  courts,  and  a^u* 
aHy  did  fb  formerly ;  and  i»  the  KingV Bench 
wrJta  are  ftiU  reCernable  <'  befose  the  kisf 
kimfclf  at  Weftfoinfter.-'  So  that  to  lay 
that  the  king  (hall  not  pot  a  ^lan  to  acfivep 
without  prefentment  or  iodidlmeBt;  at  io 
o.her  words  faying,  that  his  coords  iiall  n«c 
put  a  man  to  anfwer  without  preieatrDcai  or 
indidhnent  \  for  the  Jiing  h^t  00  jtakcal  poirer 
radependcm  cf  them. 

There  is  nothing  more  evident,  than  thai 
the  mode  of  proceeding  by  ittfonaaAtira  wat 
entirely  unknown  to  the  old  cdmmoa  law : 
For  I  have  (ooked  into  our  oldeli  law-wiitcti, 
GlinvtUe  (who  wroce  in  the  tiaie  of  Henty 
ihe  Tecond)  Fleta  and  Bffadon,  and  (hey  fay 
exprefsly,  that  crimes  are  to  be  profecated  by 
prefentment  and  indi^hntnf.  Fleta  fays, 
**  that  if  a  perfon  is  imprifoned  without  in- 
di^meot  by  twelve  men,  an  adlioo  lies  far 
fal:'e  imprifonmeot.**  Thus  we  find  that 
none  of  tbefe  common-law  wrrt^ra  koew 
what  Infbrlnations  were.  It  was  long  after 
Magna  Cbafta  that  they  commenced,  la 
the  reigns  of  weak  princes  we  find  them  10 
ha  in  the  moft  floori(hing  flue,  down  from 
the  time  of  Richard  the  feoond. 

I  do  not  take  upon  me  to  controvert  hot 
there  have  been  an  infinity  of  precedeait  of 
hformatient{oT^  as  they  were  formerly  called, 
^ttggeftioftsj  m  thediflercnt  reigtM  of  Richard 
the  lecond,  Henry  the  fifth  and  ftventh, 
Charles  the  firf(,  fee.  down  to  George  tbe 
third— I  have  taken  fome  paint  to  ezaainc 
for  what  offences  thefc  prolicutioos  were  com* 
menced,  and  find  them  to  be  almoft  altoge- 
ther for  nuifances,  not  repairing  roads,  Ac. 

It  was  the  fiatute  of  Henry  the  fevenxh 
which  gave  fuch  unlimited  power  to  the  Star- 
Chamber,  chat  matured  thit  mode  of  proceed- 
ing )  this  was  the  chief  gritrjoce  complained 
of  in  that  uncenftitutional  court,  and  Acca- 
fioned  iu  abolition  in  the  time  of  Chiles  the 
firft. 

At  the  Revolut'on,  an  attempt  wat  made 
to  abolilh  ali  Informations  as  illegal ;  which 
Sir  Francis  Winnington  endeavoured  to  ac- 
compli (h  ;  this  attempt  not  fuccceding  in 
We(^min(ler-Hall,  recoutfe  was  bad  to  par- 
liament,  where  tbe  power  of  the  Maflerofthe 
Crown-office  in  fihog  informations  ex  efdo 
was  totally  abolifhed,  and  other  regaliiioM 
made  refpe£^ing  cofis,  &c.  that  ief!e&  great 
honour  on  that  parliament. 

It  it  not  my  intention  totally  to  deify  the 
utility  of  the  regular  mode  of  proceeding  by 
Jnformatioo,  on  a  Rule  granted  by  the  court 

for 


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1768. 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 


613 


for  the  parties  to  ibew  caoie  why  it  fliould 
not  iffue,  which  Role  upon  no  caufe,  or  tn- 
fiifBcieat  caufe  fliewny  to  be  made  abfolute. 
Which  only  fervet  at  an  indidment  or  pre-' 
fer.tment  of  a  Grand  Jury,  and  it  afterwards 
to  go  to  trial.  Thit  where  the  /pirit  of 
faction  or  party  root  high  in  the  nation,  may 
not  be  improper ;  where  it  it  probable  that 
a  Grand  Jurm  biaffed  by  endue  motives, 
would  throw  out  a  bill :  yet  it  maft  be  owned, 
that  this  will  happen  hot  very  feldom.  And 
1  believe  there  is  no  one  who  has  known  an 
ia<l^ce  of  a  Grand  Jury's  throwing  out  a 
bill,  if  there  wat  the  leaft  foundation  of  evi- 
dence tofupport  it. 

In  fhorr,  to  (ia^  the  beft  we  can  of  thit  mode 
of  proceeding  (I  mean  the  regular  method  of 


filing  an  Infkrmatkn  by  Role  of  Comt  on  mo- 
tion of  couniel)  it  tends  to  fet  afide  the  old 
eonftiiutionai  common-law  proceedings,  by 
iwdifhntnt  and  prejentwumt  by  Grand  Juries, 
and  annihilates  theit  exigence.  Butitinfor- 
mations  granted  in  the  regular  manner  can 
be  all  impeached,  what  ihall  we  lay  of  infor- 
matins  filed  ex  ogUto  by  the  Actotney-Gene* 
lal? 

The(e  are  in  themfelves  ia  arbitrary,  and 
confequently  of  a  nature  To  heterogeneous  to 
the  laws,  cenftttution,  and  liberties  of  thit 
country,  that  it  is  impoflible  to  reprefent 
them  in  too  odious  a  light*  They  are  modes 
of  proceeding  becoming  the  metidiana  of 
China  and  Japan,  not  England*** 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 

LETTERS  from  Pekrn  in  China,  by 
the  Dutch  mail,  bring  an  account  of  ma- 
hy  recent  revolutions  in  the  empire  of  China, 
and  in  the  kingdoms  of  Bengala  (or  Bracma) 
Pegu,  .  Siam,  Cochinchina,  and  Tunkin. 
The  king  of  Bengala,  or  Bracma,  has  gained 
twenty  eight  battles,  the  moll  bloody  of 
which  was  fought  in  the  month  of  OAober 
J  767.  Twenty  thoufand  tartars  were  fl^n  in 
this  battle,  and  amongft  them  the  genera- 
lifTimo  of  the  Chifiefe  troops,  who  married  a 
daughter  of  the  reigning  emperor.  The  re- 
port of  (his  fatal  day  fpread  fuch  a  terror 
throughout  the  province  of  Y^n-Nan,  one 
of  the  richeft  in  China,  that  moh  of  the 
Inhabiunts  pot  themfelves  to  death  without 
waiting  for  the  enemy  :  The  women  efpc- 
cially  threw  tbemfe.ves  into  riveis  and  weHs 
and  both  men  and  women  were  leen  hang- 
ing up  in  (boals ;  upwards  of  an  hundred 
thoiifand  Chinefc,  it  was  computed,  having 
preferred  the  a^  of  fuicide  to  the  more  cruel 
and  painful  deaths  which  their  terrors  and 
imaginations  had  made  them  to  espcO. 

Aleppo,  Auguft  12.  Letters  from  BaiTora, 
dated  the  12th  ult.  fay,  «'  The  Engliflj  ftill 
endeavour  to  get  poll'cifion  of  the  iHand  of 
Kareck,  but  Uitherto  without  fuccefs  j  they 
hive  lately  again  fol  cited  fuccours  from  Ke- 
r:m  Khjrr,  having  loA  almoft  all  their  troops 
either  by  ficknefs  or  in  battle.  The  Enghih 
had  in  ihe  gulph  two  frigates,  the  Revenge 
of  20  guns,  and  the  Bombay  of  18  \  three 
iloops  mounted  with  10  guns  each  and  a 
l>oaib  veiTeJ  3  on  board  this  fleet  there  were 
400  feapoys,  and  ^oofatlurs)  Soiimon-Chiab, 
ttieir  Old  enemy  is  dead,  but  bts  eldcft  fon 
.  and  fucceifor  has  declared  \btmfelf  their 
enemy. 

Coi.Qaniioople,  Oaober  i.  On  the  18th 
ult.  ail  cxprcfs  arrived  at  court  Uo(n  the  pa- 
cha of  Bofnia,  with  the  agreeable  news  that 
the  Oilonun  iroopshad  beaten  the  rebel  Ste- 
nbano  di-Mantcncroi  whi^h  was  fooo  after 


ftnnounced  to  the  people  by  a  dtfcliarge  of 
cinnon.  We  have  not  yet  an  exa£t  detail  of 
this  vidcry  \  the  following  is  the  purport  of 
the  difpatches,  vie.  On  the  ift  of  Sept.  the 
pacha  of  Bofnia,  having  been  joined  by  the 
Beglier  Bey  of  Romelia,  attacked  a  fortreft 
fituate  on  a  rock,  of  which  he  made  himfelf 
mafter  in  a  few  days ;  and  *  fron^  thence  ad- 
vanced to  a  monaftery,  likewife  amongft 
'fteei^  rocks,  which  he  took  after  feveral  af- 
faulcs,  which  coft  the  lives  of  a  great  nora^ 
ber  of  Turks.  The  Pacha  adds,  in  his  rela- 
tion that  the  Ottoman  troops  had  acquired 
gre  at  glory  in  thefe  different  attacks ;  thit 
Stephano,  at  the  head  of  ro,ooo  rebels^  at 
well  Catboltcks  as  Greeks,  had  defended 
himfelf  with  great  valour  3  and  that  (he  de- 
fign  of  that  chief  was  to  txtOt  a  free  ftate, 
like  that  of  Malta.  The  Pacha  has  (ent  to 
court  twenty-one  heads,  and  a  fack-foll  of 
nofes  and  ears,  which  have  been  expofed  to 
the  view  of  the  public,  together  with  two 
banners,  a  gilt  croft,  andfeveralprayer-bookt. 
Conftantinople,  OAober  7.  Sel  dar  Ham- 
aey  Pacha,  Grand  Vizir,  arrived  here  the 
42d  of  laft  month.  His  predecelfor  is  exiled 
to  Rhodes.     (Seep.  558.) 

ExtroB  of  a  Lcttitfrom  RowUf  dated  08,  5 

"  The  fovereign  pootiflf  having  at  heart 
the  termination  of  the  differences  fobfifting 
between  this  court  and  the  Duke  of  Mode- 
na,  hath  lent,  it  is  faid,  to  that  prince  a 
brief,  by  which  his  holinefs  exhorts  him  to 
revoke  the  edi£l  he  hath  lately  publifhed, 
which  he  (the  pope)  confiders  as  contrary  to 
the  ecclefiaftical  immunities.  The  holy  fa- 
ther promifes  the  duke,  at  the  fame  time, 
all  (aiisfa£tion  with  tefpedl  to  his  demand  on 
the  holy  fee.  We  are  alTured  that  a  like 
brief  has  been  alfo  fent  to  the  fenate  of  Ve- 
iiice.** 

Great  complaints  having  been  made  in  his 
Sicilian  majefty's  dominions,  of  the  rigoor 
with  which  the  dergy  levy  their  tythes  there, 
and  the  oppreffioaa  committed  ^  them  over 

the 


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614- 


FOREIGN     AFFAIRS. 


Nov. 


the  inferior  rankt  of  the  people,  the  govern- 
■lent  hat  taken  the  at^'nir  into  confideraiiony 
aixi  art  proceed! rig,  with  great  Vigour,  to 
reform  the  Abufes  tb%t  have  crept  into  the. 
I^HCf  from  tht  tyranny  aad  opprciTijn  of  the 
ecci«:f)articks. 

Venice,  O£lober  i.  We  arc  informed  that 
the  adventurer  Siephano,  at  the  head  of  zooo 
men,  had  drawn  nigh  to  a  Turkiih  pod,  but 
the  Turka  fuund  m<:«ns  to  open  themfelvet  a 

SafTtge.  They  attacked  )um  in  fiaak  and 
bilged  him  to  fly,  after  an  obftinate  battle, 
in  which  moft  or  hit  men  were  kihed.  A 
teward  has  been  offered  ior  apprehendmg 
fttephano,  and  two  or  three  other  chiefi. 
(See  before.) 

florenc^  0£t.  25,  On  the  21ft  inftant 
the  grand  ctukc,  wich  great  ceremony,  in- 
vciled  Sir  H:>race  M^nn.  bart.  with  the  en- 
Agnt  of  the  Oder  of  the  Bath,  pttrfuanc  to 
the  rcquefl  ot  hit  B.itanoic  m^jefty.  O.i  the 
i(>ch  of  September  an  earihquuice  wai  felt  ia 
this  city  at  mid. tight,  and  was  fucceeded  by 
^ve'  other  ihocks,  but  w  thout  any  damage, 
that  wa»  ihea  heard  of. 

Corfica,  OGt.  11.  When  the  French  re- 
treated liom  Caiinca,  (See  p.  5sQ*  ^ ftqi) 
as  foan  as  they  had  rep^lTcd  the  Guolo,  they 
took  (belter  in  lome  houfes  contiguous  to 
Borgo  in  the  province  of  Mariana,  and  in- 
trenched themreivet  in  fuch  a  manner  that 
the  houfes  formed  a  fort  of  citadel,  which 
they  provided  with  a  futficient  Number  of 
caftnoo  brought  fiom  fiaftia  by  a  detachment 
ot  Cavalry* 

The  Coriicaat,  who,  in  the  mean  time,  af- 
fembled  themfelvei,  marched  00  the  6th  of 
this  month,  and  arrived  near  Borgo  the  fame 
cveniAg.  They  immediately  made  tbemfelves 
mafters  of  the  exterior  houues,  and  by  favour 
of  the  nighl  began  to  d:a«  a  lint  ofcircum- 
vallatioD.  The  Fiench,  as  Toon  as  they  per- 
ccived  ir,  ftVove  to  annoy  the  Corficans  by  a 
continued  fire  \  but  the  latter  kept  aUvancipg 
till  they  came  to  a  wetl,  and  thereby  depriv- 
ed the  enemy  of  any  fupply  of  water. 

The  place  being  then  blocked  up,  advice 
was  given  to  the  Marquis  de  Cnauvelin,  who 
immediately  reconnitcr'd  the  petition  of  the 
CorBcans,  and  gave  ord  rs  roi  all  the  troops 
he  had  at  Bjftia,  coniiftmg  of  3000  Men, 
to  march.  He  fent  Word  at  the  lame  time 
to  M.  de  Grand  Maifon,  to  alTcnhle  hia 
tfoaps,  vi'hich  were  about  2000  more,  and 


lead  them  towards  Borgo,  by  which  Ma- 
noeuvre the  Corficans  %roold  find  thesite^vn 
the  nest  morning  between  two  Fire&.  B»t 
G  nera!  Paoli.  fioding  their  iiitenuon  ^At4 
a  body  of  above  4CO0  Troops  betvrrft 
Oletia  and  Borgo,  which  reodercd  it  i»- 
poAible  tor .  M .  de  Grand  Maifoo  to  cxect^ 
hit  enierpiiee. 

M.  de  Chtuvel'n,  on  his  64e,  advanced 
with  h:S  men  on  the  jih  39^  far  as  the  Cori- 
can  lines  5  and  the  wnole  day  and  the  nt^Mt 
following  wese  fpent  in  flcirmiAes.  M.  ce 
Grand  Maifon,  not  finding  an  opportuaiiy  td 
proceed,  made  fignalf  to  M.  d«  dtaovelia 
that  difHcultiei  had  arifen.  As  there  v^s 
no  time  to  lofe,  xhz  Marquis,  frcooeed  by 
Count  Marboeuf,  rtfolvcd  to  venture  aa  at- 
tack, and  they  were  foon  maftert  of  the  tr- 
cunivaliation  ^  but  by  the  firing  of  the  Ci^- 
caiit  from  tl>e  exterior  houfes  of  the  tows, 
fro-n  the  plain,  and  from  co«ir  iorrench> 
menta,  they  were  obliged  to  flop,  and  at  iaft 
to  retire:  Nevertheiel's  about  noon  they 
made  a  fecoud  aaack,  and  at  night  a 
third  j  but  ihefe  were  fucceeded  by  a  retreat, 
which  was  covered  by  the  royal  legion  of 
horfe. 

The  lofs,  which  is  nearly  eqoal  00  bslh 
fides,  may  be  pur  at  500  men  killed  or 
wounded.  Coui^it  de  Marboeuf  is  fltgbiiy 
wounaed  in  the  /boulder,  the  coloael  of  the 
regiment  of  Rouergue  ia  the  leg,  and  the 
licutei^nt  colonel  of  the  Royal  Saxons  ia  the 
lower  belly. 

The  txoopt  which  were  intrenched  ia 
Borgo,  freiog  the  failure  o^  the  Marquia 
de  Chauvelin*s  prtjed,  furreodevcd  theai>- 
felve^  yeilerday  prifonera  of  War  to  the 
Corficant, 

A  letter  from  Berne  in  Switxefland,  dated 
Nov.  I,  fays,  *'  fanaticifm  is  the  gruwth  of 
all  ages  axid  places ;  of  which  our  cscy  baa 
furni(hed  a  very  tragical  example  :  A  woxnan^ 
who(e  fun  was  named  Ifa^c,  and  the  hulhaod 
Abraham,  took  it  into  her  Lead  that  flie  was 
under  an  obligation  to  r«crificc  her  ion  for  the 
expiation  of  her  n OS,  an<^adua]Iy  pctform^ 
the  facrifice  upon  her  toilet,  which  fte  coa- 
verted  into  a  kind  of  altar;  perfuading  her 
huibaod  that  it  was  a  good  and  laudable  ad. 
They  are  both  takeo  up  and  impriloBcd  {  and, 
excepting  thar  fanaticifm,  appear  to  be  both 
in  their  right  fenfes." 

[T0  be  contiimcdin  9ur  «3tf.] 


^  The  rcqtieft  relati<ve  to  Inland  Navigations  cannot^  be  compUed  ivitb.  The 
'vcrfes  from  S^ietus  are  too  mperje£t,  L  Fs  Letter  is  only  proper  for  an  adfvertifi^ 
ment  in  the  tte-jur  papers.  We  thank  The  Lover  of  Troth  for  bis  advice,  A^  B^  C, 
iioill  be  obliged  as  far  as  confiftent  ^ttb  the  nature  of  our  plan.  A.  B's  reply  to  the 
Author  of  an  Appeal^  &c,  ixjtil  be  inferted  in  December  or  the  Appendix^  eu  *wtU  the 
piece  frotn  A,  I.  The  pieces  from  Mcjfrs,  Chapman^  Andre^ws^  and  Surtees  are  re^ 
ceivedj  vjith  many  others^  which  iJuiU  appear  in  due  time*  The  TranJU  of  Vfieus^ 
and  the  remainder  of  the  Lift*  in  our  pext^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


W!    PKIT  CHARD. 


Digjtized  by  VjOOQ IC 


■  ^  *»  *    '^ 


The  London  Magazine* 


Or,   GENTLEMAN'S  Mond/j  Intelligencer^, 
For    p  E  C  E  M  B  E  R,     1768. 


The  Britifti  Theatre  §15 

Chnra''^pr  (^f  C'h^iHe*?  I.  6^2 

Grand  Seignior's  Manifef^o.  624. 

Declaration  of  the  Court  of  Ruflia  615 

Queftions  folvcd  J26,  630 

New  Queftiohs  62.7,  62^ 

A  ftiipendobs  Animal  ^efcrib^d     6iS 

Caiidlei^ick  Ward  defcribcd       •     629 

And  Langborn  Ward  630 

Moon's  Edipffc  calculated  ibid. 

Hiftorical  Anecdotes  of  aii  Ancient 
Britifh  Family,  &c;  &c«      631—63^ 

Origin  of  Coat- ArmckJt*  632 

Tiflofs  EfTay  on  the  Difeafes  of  Se- 
dentary Perfons,  concluded        633 

Method  of  dying  Leather  Red  or  YtU 
low,  as  pradlifed  in  the  Eaft        ^37 

Bxtraft  from  Nugent's  Travels   64.0 

With  Remarks  on  proportional  fu- 
n'lfhments  ibid. 

To  the  Author  of  Pittis  Oxonienfis 
641,  64.1 

Explanation  of  the  Stationer'^  Alma- 
nack ,  643 

A  Few  fafe  Family  RecifJet  64.4. 

WITH 

A  fin6  PoRt  KAit  of  thalt  Ute  celebrated  AareGl  tAtii  PRlTCHARDj 

AND 

A  t^LAK  of  the  R6.^d  fl-dm  Loi^doN  to  BuciciNGtlAM»  ^nd  ttiefiteto  BANBtrRTj 

in   dxF0RD6&lSL£» 


An  odd  Occurrence        . .  ibid 

St^te  oF  A^j'-'C'ilnire  in  Fnrtce        645 
Propofjjil  to  prevent  the  Scurvy  at  Sea 
by  Dr.  Hiilme  647 

Preparation  of  AgrimOity  ^548 

l^oiitical  Mancfuvres  ibid 

On  a  very  rcmarKs^blc  E^cOrtinitlhica- 
tion  €49—6^1 

Education  of  Modern  Young  Ladies  6^4 
Ridiculous  Country  Pun^ios         6^2 
Excellent  Refle^iiona  on  Avaricf^  and 
Prodigality        .  ^53.-655 

Memorial  fot*  a  "Contribution  on  Be- 
half of  the  Br^vve  Corficans655--.657 
Account  of  the  late  Riots  at  Brent- 
ford ,  ^57^^59 
PoEtiCAL  Essays  6^9 
A  new  Song  ftt  to  MufiC  ^  66t 
TheMonthly  CHROKoLbckit  663 
An  Impartial  Review  of  New  Pub.  ^^ 
Marriages  and  Births  )  Deaths  ibid. 
Pfomdtions  Civil  and  Militai-y  ibid. 
Foreign  Affairs  670 
Monthly  Bill  of  Mortdlity  ibid. 
Stdcks,  Grain,  Wind,  ^nd  Weather  61^ 


t  O  5l  D  6  N :  Printed  for  k.  Ba£dwin«  at  No.  47,  in  Pater- riofter  Row  5 
Of  whom  inafy  be  had,  compleit  Sets,  ff6m  the  Year  1732,  to  this  time,  neatly  bourid  f^k 


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THE 


London  Magazine^ 

For     DECEMBER,     1768. 


THE  BRITISH  THEATRE. 


N 


y^^^wfti^iig  I N  C  E  our  laft  nomber 


two  tragedies  have  ap« 
!^  pearedy   one  at  Covent 
\  Garden,   and  the  other 
''^^'     V  at   Dun  V  Lane  theatre, 
*^ff£3i*^S  of  which    our    readers 
_  ^^     will   naturally   expea  a 

ritical  account ;  to  fatisty  the  public 
irioftty  therefore  we  fliall  examine 
le  different  merits  of  tJiefe  produAions 
I  I  he  order  of  their  appearance,  and, 
'yi^s  having  bet^n  ftrft  brought  our,  will 
jnfcquentJy,  be  the  firft  ohj -ct  of  our 
>n(ideration.— -Thi»  piece  is  vtnttcn  by 
Ir.  Moole,  of  the  £a0.1ndia  houfe, 
'ho  has  obliged  the  world  with  a  tranf- 
ition  of  Taflb*s  JeruCalem,  and  intro- 
uced  the  Shakefpear  of  Italy,  the  cele- 
rated  Metaftatio»  to  the  general  ac- 
uaintance  of  the  Englifli  nation. 

^he  perfons  of  the  drama,  and  the  per- 
formers in  this  tragedy,  are. 


Aihr«ge«f 

Mr.  Clarke 

Harpagui, 

Mr.  HuU 

Cambyfes, 

Mr.  Smith, 

Mithranes, 

Mr,  Benjly 

Mirza, 

Mr.  Daws 

Cyrus, 

Mr.  Powell 

Afpafia, 

Mrs.  Mattocks 

Mandanc^ 

Mrs,  Yates. 

THE    FABLE. 

Aftyaget,  king  of  Media,  baring 
reatnt  that  a  fon  of  his  daughter  Man- 
ane,  who  is  married  to  Cambyfes,  a 
arrior  of  dittinguifhed  reputation, 
ould  at  fome  time  deprive  him  of  bis 
'own^  the  monarch  in  order  to  prevent 
le  poflibility  of  fuch  a  misfortune^ 
ixed  on  Cyrus  in  his  cradle,  who  was 
le  iiTue  of  Mandane^s  marriage,  and 
7t  only  delivered  him  to  Harpagus, 
principal  nobleman  of  the  court,  with 
1  order  to  be  deftroyed,  but  baniftied 
smbyfes  from  the  kingdom.  «>Harpa- 
i><c.  i76€. 


gus,  howe^r,  who  was  a  man  of  the  ' 
tendereft  humanity,  fliuddered  at  the 
horrid  command,  and  determined  to 
difobey  it.— But  being  fearful  of  the 
king^s  refcntpient,  he  could  not  difobey 
it  publicly— he  therefore  confulted  with 
Mithrane$i,  a  Median  lord,  who  had 
quitted  the  pomp  of  courts  for  a  rural 
retreat  on  the  confines,  and  Mithranea 
having  juft  \o^  an  infant  fon,  Alceus, 
it  was  agreed  that  this  fon  (hould  be  ex« 
pofed  in  the  weods,  and  that  Cyrus 
ihould  pafs  for  the  a^ual  Alceus,  and 
the  indilputabie  offspring  of  the  benevo- 
lent Mithrane?. 

The  plan  thus  coQcerte^  was  happily 
executed,  and  the  cruel  Aftyages  never 
doubted  the  murder  of  his  grandfon, 
till  time  began  to  awaken  the  ftings  of 
his  confcience,  and  to  Oiew  him  the 
blacknefs  of  his  crime.— Then  indeed- 
he  expreflfed  fo  natural  a  concern  as  in- 
duced Harpagus  to  tell  him  that  Cyrus 
was  only  expofed  in  the  woods,  and 
not  pofitiveiy  deftroyed— This  informa- 
tion, however,  inftead  of  pouring  a 
flood  of  joy  over  the  king's  mind,  only 
ferved  to  roufe  all  the  horrors  of  hit  ori- 
ginal apprehenfion,  and  /he  fitfl  proof 
he  gave  of  his  anger  was  to  put  Harpa- 
gus*8  fon  to  death  to  puniih  the  virtue 
of  his  father— Harpagus,  ft  ruck 
deeply  with  the  aggravated  barbarity  of 
Aftyages,  determmed  to  be  revenged, 
but  fmothered  his  refentment  for  a  long 
courfe  of  year,«,  till  the  fuppofed  Alceua 
arrived  at  maturity. -> About  which  time 
a  report  being  fpread  that  Cyrus  was 
alive,  an  impoftor  took  advantage  of 
the  rumour,  to  declare  him  felf  grand  fon 
to  the  king,  in  hope  of  fucceeding  to 
the  Median  throne.— This  impofttion. 
no  way  alarmed  Harpagus  or  Mithia- 
nes,  on  the  contrary  they  rejoiced  at  it, 
as  Aftyages  had  Tent  for  the  impoftor  1 
in  the  moft  afte6t)«nate  manner,  and< 

4  I  »  wa» 


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fit 


FABLE    OF 


Dec; 


Uraf  to  meet  him  at  the  comroencement 
pf  the  play  in  a  temple  on  the  confioet 
^f  Media,  tp  declai  e  him  heir  to  the  em- 
pire.<— *^ar|23gtis  an^  his  friend  Mi- 
thnin|S  v^xeVcll  acfjviainted  with  the 
difpoSrion  of  Aflya^es,  and  they  Aif- 
pe^^ed  what  wa$  really  the  caie,  that 
fll  thP  tendef^eis  {^^-oftfled  -by  him  was 
entirely  aifumed  to  get  Cyrus  into  hit 
pnwer^  dn4  to  put  an  end  at  once  to  his 
ft^rt,  *by  a  certain  deftruftion.— -They 

ihfpfore  waited  to  fte  vvhat  receprioq 
he  impoftpr  fnct  with  before  they  re- 
vealed the  real  prince,  and  kept  Cyrus 
Bfmfeif  rp  t^praht  of  his  truAank,  that 
Mithrtnes'does  not  acquaint  him  with 
(he  fecret  till  the  very  mot nipg  in  which 
the  impoif^or  is  eype^ed  to  be  declared 
fucceflor  to  the  kingdom,  n^y  even  then 
l^ithranef  fays  him  under  the  moft  ppfi- 
^ve  injun^lion  ^ot  to  difcover  himfelf 
fq*'M>ndane|  whofe  wild  impatience 
io  embrace  a  long  loft  ^n,  and  whofe 
ivmuliuout  jo^  at  Co  unexpeAed  a  reco- 
yery  of  him,  might  let  Alt)  ages  too  foon 
into  fai^s,' ap'd  undo  in  a  moment  the 
^bour  of  To  many  years. 

'}^hc  buiioefs  of  the  firii  aA  is  to  in- 
form the  audience  of  tl^tfc  pariicuhn.— •• 
Ii^  the  fecond,  Cambyles  enters  dilguif- 

td  tf>  Mirhrahes,  but  does  not  recoiled 
im.-  -Mithr^nes,  nevcrthclcfs,  perfeA- 
ly  remtihber«  (he  banifheil  warrior,  but 
A^yages  enrring  ju(V  at  the  latter  it  go- 
ing^ to'make  himfelf  known,  MithraneSj 
who  h  fearful  that  the  king  will  re^og- 
nite  Camby fet,  perfuades  him  to  hide 
behind  a  (hade,  till  the  monarch's  de» 
p.-irtiire,  afTurin^  him  the  drefs  he  was 
then  \X^  would  give  much  offence  to  hie 
maje(ly.-*Camb)fe6  accordingly  com- 
plies, and  overhears  AAyaget  offer  ira- 
^enie  le^iarda  tp  Mi^hrancs  provided 
ht  undert^kefi  the  murder  of  Cyrus.— • 
l^tthranes  preficd  earneftfy  by  the  king, 
Hhd  tremblingly  apprehtnfive  for  the 
l^fety  of  his  lOyal  pup^l,  pretends  at  laft 
^o  anfwer  ihf  cnicl  grandfather's  wifhes, 
«nd.en)c^^ge«  that  hit  £>n  Alceus  ihail 
difpaten  Cyrus  in  his  paC'ige  through 
^he  w«od,  retiring  at  the  lame  time  as  if 
t**  prfpJ»r?  Alceus  for  this  bufinelt  of 
blopc|--««Mithraoes  has  no  fooner  with- 
dfawn,  than  Cambyfes  itfucs  from  bis 
fpnc^almepVi  and,  ^ifcoveiipg  who  be 
II,  threatens-  Aflyaj^e?  i^ith  ven^ance, 
if  he  ptrfifts  in  hit  barbarous  dflign.— - 
i"he  coi.fe((uence  |!»,  the  guards  hurry 
C^mbyfes  to^  prifon^  but  Mandane 
"^hO  ct'i^cs  '^  ihori^y  after,    receives  ^ 


promife  that  no  other  tmnifhmeiit  ftaS 
be  infli^ed  on  him,  than  a  retnm  la 
bis  exile— -with  thi«  promife  Aitjages 
leayes  her|  and  fhe  is  jufl  be^innii^  to 
hment  the  fate  of  jicr  hufband,  y^bm 
Cyrus  abmptly  breaks  in,  declaries  be  is 
purfued  by  the  royal  guards,  f«r  haTto^ 
laved  a  lady  fcom  vjolatiob,  ai»d  kiiliag 
the  perlbn  in  hit  own  defence^  by  when 
fhe  was  fo  brutally  ih(uIted.>--ManiJaoe 
feels  a  ftrange  emotion,  at  the  f^t  oj 
(^yrus,  and  yiews  him  wi  h  a  Knder 
cbmpUcency.— -A  complacency  whtcb 
is  much  encreafed  on  the  entrance  of  ber 
own  fiiend  Afp^fny  the  daughter  of 
Harpagus,  who  proves  to  be  the  lady 
vhom  Cyrus  had  reicu^d  from  the  la- 
viOier's  hands,— B\)t  juftas  this  circom- 
fiance  is  knovn,  and  )\\k  as  Cyrus  by 
hearing  Afpafia  mention  the  name  df 
Mandane,  hndt  he  has  been  converfiog 
with  his  mother,  the  guards  enter,  aad 
accufe  him  with  the  murder  of  the  priace 
(the  impoAor)  who  it  feems  yf^*  the  per- 
fon  that  attempted  the  bonouc  of  Afpi- 
fia.«--*.-Mandane  pow  breaks  into  i 
pafEon  of  exclamation,  laruents  the  lo^ 
of  her  fuppofed  fon  ^in  the  tendered 
terms,  and  pyrus  by  bis  vpw  to  Mi« 
thranes  being  reftraiaed  (xoui  makiog 
himfelf  knoyvn,  is  the  obje^  of  her 
particular  execratiap.f- — In  vain  Af- 
pafia reafbns  with  her,  and  obfervet, 
that  thi;  crime  was  involuntary)  her  an* 

fuifh  is  too  keen  to  be  argued  with,  aA4 
le  ^oes  off' exclaiming 

■       fc        «      I       every  hour 

Of  my  fucCeedfog  life  is  poark'd  fat 
honor. 

And  41  my  thoughts  ^t[t  pqw  defpair 
andmadneis I  ' 
Cyrus  entreats  AfpaHa  to  follow  and 
fupport  her  ■  *■  while  he  himfelf  is  led 
to  prifbn,  and  the  aft  concludes  witl( 
a  foliloqoy  from  Afpafia,  who  eonfefi^ 
a  fecret  attachment  for  th^  imaginarf 
Alceut. 

The  third  wGt  opens  with  9  eon  varia- 
tion between  Mithrapes  and  Maiidanet 
the  latter  is  informed  that  Alceus  is  ia 
reality  Cyrus,  and  is  exulting  in  the 
happinefs  of  his  unevpefted  fafety— 
vhen  fhe  tefires  the  king  comes  in  over- 
joyed that  Cyrus  is  no  more,  ^nd  Mt* 
thuncs  folicits  for  Alceus  ats  bis  foo, 
who  has  been  impnfoned  lor  the  murder 
of  the  prince.-* -Afty ages  promiies  hiia 
not  only  liberty  but  large  rewards,  ^cd 
Mithranes  departs  (eemioaly  well  Cm* 
lit^c(i.«.-Sopii  f  Iter  the  ^r  wjio  ha; 


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y$9. 


C    Y    R    U    S. 


^cn  difcourfing  with  Harpaguty  ind 
mportuned  by  Afpafia  in  favour  of. 
Ulceus,  orders  Cyrus  before  hjiii»  but 
br uck  at  his  fight  with  an  unaccountable 
endemefs  notwithftanding  hit  affected 
korror  at  thp  mutderer  of  his  grandfon, 
nd  not  Jcnqvying  what  meafures  to  tak?, 
le  leaves  him  to  thi*  care  of  H?rpagus, 
vho  inftamly  unbinds  th^  rpyal  yoUtU, 
nd  falling  at  his  feet  acknowledges  him 
or  hisibvereign— advifin^him,  however*- 
vhen  Cyrus  enquires  alter  his  mother, 
o  keep  the  circumftance  of  bis  quality 
liil  a  fecret>  not  knowing  that  Mi* 
hranes  h^s  already  communicated  the 
^cret  to  Mandane.— -The  moment  Har« 
>3gus  goes  off  Mandane  enters,  pre- 
>ared  to  fqatch  ber  Ton  to  her  bofom— 
>ut  Cyrus  attentive,  inflexibly  attentive 
p  the  oath  he  had  given  IV^ithranes^  ()e- 
rlines  all  her  offered  careft^i,  and  tears 
limfelf  away  in  a  manner  that  excites 
ler  utmoft  aftonifhment-^while  (he  is 
jUftraAed  at  the  ftrapK^nefs  of  his  con- 
si  u£^,  Cambyfes  who  has  been  fet  free 
by  the  a/Ti/Vance  of  H^rpagus  meets  her-— 
t^eir  interview  is  tenderi>-and  their  cctn- 
/erfation  foon  turns  pppn  Cyrus,  whom 
Cambyfes  believes  ^o  be  murdered--- 
Mandane  quickly  undeceives  hini  and 
cells  panicuiarsy  which  he  hears  with 
nil  the  eager  rapture  of  a  father,  till 
fhe  mentions  this  preGsrvation  of  Cyras 
by  ^ithfanes^  and  adds  that  their  Ton 
has  been  brought  up  in  the  perfon  of 
Alceus.  ■  yrhep  the  eomes  to  this 
part  of  her  ftory,  be  ^claims  that  (he 
has  been  grofsly  imppfed  upop— -and  re- 
counts the  promif^p  which  he  overheard 
Mithranes  make  the  ^in^,  that  Alceqi 
flibuld  murder  Cyrus  in  (he  wood.--- 
r/Iandan?  receiving  this  intelligence 
from  fuch  upqueftionable  authority  as 
a  hufbandy  and  recolle^ing  the  coldnefs 
of  Cyruses  behaviour  gives  an  implicit 
credit  to  it  all.— Nay  fhe  defires  Cam- 
b^yfes  to  ilrike  home,  when  he  goes  to 
v^'ait*  at  Ailarte*s  fountain,  which  lies  in 
the  way  to  the  habitation  of  Alctus, 
determined  to  fafriHce  that  youth  to  the 
manes  of  his  unfortunate  Cyius— -and 
repairs  hevfelf  to  Mithranes,  whom  Aie 
upbraids  in  the  Iteeii^ft  terms  with  per- 
il: Jy,  acqnaintinj^  him  at  the  Cs^\e  time 
tfiat  flie  is  not  yet  Co  hateful  to  tlwr  gods, 
«^  to  receive  his  Alecks  for  her  fop,  and 
afTuring  him  that  Cambyfes  js  that 
moment  gone  to  take  an  ambl^t  revenge 
op  the  young  impoftor,-- -Terrified  at 
this  info.'*mation,  Muhranes'  avows  his 
fp^alty  with  ^he  bitt^e^  iniprecatroni. 


6i^ 

and  conjures  Mandane  to  dtrtA  hioa  t^ 
the  fpot  were  Cambyfes  is  to  execute  hit 
dreadful  deugn  upon  Cyrus,— Mu><r 
dane  however  believing  all  his  aifertion^ 
fo  many  new  arguments  of  his  faifehood, 
is  not  only  deat  to  .his  importunities  but 
even  exults  in  his  diflrefs,  and  he  retires 
in  a  ftate  of  unutterable  anguifji  to  find 
out  Cyrus,  if  po^le,  and  iiiBtcb  hioi 
from  deftru^iont— Harpagus  enters  ira* 
mediately  after  this,  and  hearing  thebu* 
finefs  upon  which  Cambyfes  is  employed^ 
convinces  Mandane  that  Aiceus  and 
her  fon  are  but  one*- --Her  dii^ra^om 
now  is  inconceivable- —Oie  defires  Har- 
pagus  to  fly  to  AfUrte's  fountain  inftaot* 
ly  to  fav^  Cyrus^  and  wanders  about  in 
an  agony  of  anguifii,  till  feeing  Camby- 
fes with  his  fword  bloody,  fhe  imagines 
that  the  dreadful  intention  is  compleated^ 
and  falls  wholly  deprived  of  fenfe  upon 
the  ground.— Cambyfes  exerts  himfelf 
to  recover  her,  and  Cyrus  at  this  time 
leaking  his  appearance,  and  endeavour- 
ing to  aflifl  his  mother,  Cambyfes,  who 
has  not  yet  been  undeceived,  prepares  ta 
kill  himi  but  Mandane  roufed  by  the 
voice  of  Cyrus,  exclaims  juft  as  be  it 
going  to  (Irike 

—  Hold,  Cambyfes,  thou  kiiPf^  thy  fonl 
A  vcfy  tenderfcene  enfues  upon  this,  in 
which  we  learn  that  the  blood  on  the 
father -s  fword,  proceeded  from  a  ren- 
counter with  the  guards  of  Aflyages,  and 
this  rencounter  obliged  him  to  return 
from  the  place  where  h^  Tnedita?c(| 
the  deflru^iion  of  the  imaginary  Al- 
ceus.—-Mithranes  enters  here,  and  ad- 
vifc9  the  now  happy  family  to  fcparate 
as  the  king  is  expe^ed  that  way---Cy- 
nit  accordingly  retires  with  him,  but 
before  ^ambyfes  and  Mandane  take 
leave,  Aifyages  enters  behind  with  his 
guard,  and  overhearing  them  mention 
the  unexpected  prcfcrvaiion  vf  Cyrus, 
he  quefiions  them  concerning  the  place 
of  his  grandfon^s  refidenre,  affecting  to 
have  conquered  all  traces  of  his  former 
refentment,  and  fecmingly  defirou;  of 
declaring  him  lucreiTor  to  the  throne.-— 
Cambyfes,  however,  who  knowt  the 
king's  difliinulation,  refufes  to  difcover 
his  fan^s  retreat,  and  charges  Mandjne 
to  keep  it  piefoundly  fecrct.-— f  hisAi- 
rages  the  king,  who  prepares  to  xill 
them  both,  but  is  prevented  by  the  cniry 
of  K^r^il^us,  with  an  information  that 
ail  the  people  are  flocking  to  the  temple 
to'fwear  allegiance  tp  Cyrus;  Harpagus 
too  advifes  Aflyage?  to  keep  Cambyles 
and  Msndane  as  holhges  for  his  own 

fafety 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


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OmiMS^  Mamersj  CbaraUers^  ISc. 


Dec; 


IMttyiii  cjrftaflhtwofjl,  who  tccord- 
ingiy  ^rilftei  tht  advice>  and  committ- 
iBg  then  |o  the  cart  of  bit  guard,  flies 
^mfflf  to  the  teoiplo  to  quell  the  m- 
fMnre^ion.    Here,  however,   Haipa^vt 
fhrowt  off  the   mafk,   and  upbraiding 
Aftyagrt  wkb  the  murder  ot  hit  Too, 
auackt  him  iingly— both  are  morialiy 
woondedj  and  Cynit  who  flew  to  hit 
MUidfather*t   a^ance     the    moment 
Se.  heard  of  this  danger,  enters  jufl  in 
time  to  receive  theking*s  bleffia^,  and  to 
be  appotpttd  Aicceflbr  to  the  empire.—— 
Harpagus  dies  immtdiately  after  Afty- 
ages»  recommcndifig  his  daughter  Af- 
pa6a  to  the  prote^ioa  of  the  young  mo- 
narch, and  Mandane  with  Camb^fes^ 
being  now  entirely  at  liberty,  come  in  to 
cMgratuiate  their  fon,  who  concludes 
the  piece  with  a  defin  of  reigning  in 
|«ch  a   Manner,   as  will   teach  dtfbknt 
nges  to  refpea  the  name  of  Cyrus. 
Ctnfidiratmu  on  the  Ctwdua  rftbe  Fabie, 
The  condu£\  of  this  piece  is  in  many 
places    exceedingly    inaccurate,— --the 
principal  incidents  paifing  in  an  open 
field,  and  at  a  time  too  ivhen  Che  chief 
peirfons  of  the  drama  are  c6nftantly  ex« 
prefling  an  apprehenfion  of  being  feen 
together  by  the  creatures  of  Aftyagci.— 
Befidcs  this,  the  main  foundation  of  the 
fable  is  improbable  ;  the  impofter  Cy- 
Tus,    at  the  very  moment    the   royal 
guards  are  attenflisg  him  to  the  temple 
to  be  declared  fucceffor   to  Aftya^es, 
forgets  the  exalted  views  before  hun, 
flelays  the  ceremony  upon  which  not 
only  htf  ftiture  greatneft,  but  his  life 
immediately  depends,  and  breaks  away 
from  the  folemn  proceflion  in  which  he 
is  himfelf  the  moft  confpicuous  charac- 
ter.—-To- -to  do  what--to  ravifli  the 
daughter  of  the  king's  firft  minifter }— « 
the   particular  friend    of    the  prince(s 
Mandane,  and  this  in  the  face^of  the 
whole  kingdom,  at  a  peri(id  in  which 
bis  fate  almoft  depended  upon  recom- 
mending himfelf  to  the  people  by  cvtry 
ad  of  ;uftice  and  humantty.--An  im- 
poflor  capable  of  undertaking  fo  daring 
an  enterprize,  would  not  be  capable  of 
'  a^ing  fo  very  like  a  madman  |    fraud 
is   jniformly    f||>ectou8,     and    feldom 
thrdRoffthe  appearance  of  virtue,  till 
it  is  in  a  condition   to  defpife  the  rea- 
lity.*—But  in  juftice  to  Mr.  Hoole.  we 
mqft  recollefl,  that  he  claims  little  more 
than  a  tranilator*s  merit  in  the  play,  and 
therefore  we  aie  not  to  be  furprized  that 
he   has  retained  even  the  imperfections 
of  Metaftaiio  his  original. 


Cmfdirsgthms  oa  tkt  Matuun, 
Thefe  are  freauently  violated. — Tlie 
princefs  and  Aipafia  wander  throi^ 
the  woods  without  a  Angle  atfendaat, 
tho*  we  know  in  all  eaftem  nations  dut 
the  ladies  of  very  high  rank  are  feldoB, 
if  ever,  feen  by  any  but  their  huibands, 
and  the  very  near  relations  of  their  ova 
family  ^  and  feldom  if  ever,  pafs  beyoad 
the  immediate  limit  of  their  palaces. 
But  here  the  manners  of  A£a  are  totally 
^Inverted,  the  moft  illoftrious  women 
ftrpll  about  the  haunts  of  violence  wirh- 
out  a  fear,  and  even  Afpoiia,  noiwith- 
ftanding  the  infult  fo  recently  offered  her, 
never  once  flindders  at  the  poffibiJity  of 
a  repetition  by  another  bratal  raviiher* 

The  CHAR.ACTERS. 

Mandane  is  well  finiflied,  and  Mi- 
thranes,  particularly  in  the  fourth  a^ 
is  the  belt  man's  charader  in  the  piece. 
The  Diction. 

Smooth,   but  rather  without   nerve 
when  wt  confider  it  in  the  general.  ••• 
Thb  Moral. 

Highly  laudable.— —To  rnculcatt 
the  principles  of  juftioe  and  benevolence, 
i^nd  to  convince  the  guilty  that  in  the 
higheft  iituations  the  avenging  hand  of 
providence  will  certainly  overtake  their 
crimes. 

The  Rbpresbntatioit. 

It  is  not  in  poilibility  to  (hew  a  fuS- 
cienc  admiration  of  Mrs.  Yates^s  amaz- 
ing performance  in  Mandane.— -It  was 
univerfally  allowed  that  (he  furpafled  her 
cuftomary  excellence  in  this  chara£^, 
and  this  u  almoft  carr^ring  ippIauA?  to 
hyperbole.-  -Mr.  Powell  received  rei- 
terated telUmonies  of  the  public  regard 
to  his  great  merit.— Mr.  Benfley  too  in 
Mithranes  gave  much  fatisfadion  ;— 
and  Mrs.  Mattocks  in  Afpalla  was,  as 
ihe  ufually  is,  entitled  very  juftly  to  ge- 
neral approbation. 

We  now  turn  to  Drurylane  theatre 
and  Zing  is;  the  tragedy  of  Zingis  is 
written  by  Mr.  Dow,  who  has  Noised 
the  world  wjth  an  ingenious  biftory  of 
Hindoftan.— This  gentleman  rehded 
many  years  in  the  Baft- Indies,  ^nd  is 
faid  to  be  well  acquainted  vrith  the  ge- 
nius of  the  people.-^His  ftory  is  an  A&- 
atic  one,  and  though  on  the  ftage  it 
feems  to  have  much  more  bufinefs  than 
Cyrus,  yet  it  is  not  by  any  means  Co  in* 
terefting,  nor  will  it  take  the  room  which 
we  found  it  nectflary  to  give  Cyrus,  in 
our  account* 

Tii 


•Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


%768.  Fable  of.Zikou: 

TA*  Characters  ait^PERFORMERi. 
XiMgistB)ptTOTCil  Tar-  7  j^^  ^,-^^^ 

t«ty  i 

J,uuu,  the  dethroned  7  ^^^  p^^^^ 

emperor  i 

Tmur  the  fon  of  21n- 1  ^^^  ^^^^^ 


sJ4 


to 


^  Mr.  Jt/^t^. 


gii 
Zemouca  general 

Aunac 
Cubla\^^^^^'^^^.i  Mr.  J^erfin. 
Zena  jTtrtatpnncci^^^^  p^^^^ 

'*arVS^g^^ 
0^>daughtcr  of  Au-  J  ^^^  j.^^^^^ 

^Cubla  '^*"^^^''  ^^\Mrs.  Hopkins. 
THE    FABLE. 

ZING  IS,  a  prince  of  the  Niron 
tribe  of  Tart^s,  having  dethroned 
Aunac,  the  grand  Chan,  and  aflumed 
the  government  himielf,  conceives  a  de- 
ijgn  of  marrying  his  favourite  Ton  Of^ar 
to  Ovifa,  w^o  18  a  captive  in  his  court, 
and  who  is  the  only  defcendant  of  the 
depefed  Aunac^s  family.— Timur  how- 
ever is  defperately  in  love  with  Ovifa,  a 
paflion  which  (he  returns  mofl  ardently 
on  accouat  of  fome  fignal  kindneiTes 
ftewn  by  that  prince  to  her  father;  and 
Cubla,  with  Zena,  Zemouca  and  other 
lords  of  the  firft  confequence,  who  en- 
teitaln  a  rooted  averfion  to  Zingis,  take 
every  opportunity  of  inflaming  Timur 
againft  his  father,  who  has,  on  more  oc- 
cafions  than  one,  treated  him  with  no 
little  feverity— nav  they  influence  Ovifa 
to  try  her  power  tor  this  purpofe  over 
the  prince.— But  he  conftantiy  reje£l8 
the  importunity  with  a  noble  repugnance, 
and  fcoms  either  to  be  happy,  or  to  be 
great,  at  the  expence  of  his  honoun— 
At  laft  Aunac  is  taken  prifoner,  and 
^imurhas  reafon  to  be  apprehenfive  for 
the  fafety  of  the  good  old  king.— He 
tberdfore  gives  way  to  the  Onited  plead- 
ings of  his  btjmanity  and*  his  love,  and^ 
fctting  Aunac  at  liberty,  is  baniihed  to  a 
remote  bocder  of  his  father*s  territo- 
flet.—- Juft  before  his  departure  news 
arrives  that  Aunac  had  been  purfued  by 
a  party  of  troops  fent  after  him  by  Zin^s,^ 
and  killed  by  Sidafco,  who  was  chief  on 
that  command.  — «  This  intelligence 
routes  his  utmoft  indignation,  aiid  O- 
vifiy  with  all  the  forcible  rhetoric  of 
ibrrow,  addrefling  him  in  fifch  a  frame 
of  mind— —he  determines  to  join  the 
diic^ntennd  lotdS|  whoft  troops  form 
I 


Jiart  of  Zingis*a  army,  and  wak  onf  f 
•r  his  concurrence  to  attack  tkc 
royal  camp.    ■  Having    comoMi- 

nicated  bis  orders  to  IfaeAe  lordsi  thef 
accordingly  order  their  ieveral  poweta 
to  fall  upon  Zingis,  who  liada  himietf 
«nder  a  neceiCty  of  heading  his  remaiii- 
ing  force  in  perfon,  and  the  canfpiratore 

?'et  pofleflion  of  the  camp^  and  (uppoT- 
ing  from  the  appearance  of  affairs,  that 
they  had  gained  an  entire  victory,  thef 
proclaim  TimUr  king;  Timur  infim 
that  fovereignty  now  bklongs  only  ta 
Ovifa,  but  miding  the  chiefs  at  focrtii* 
cal  a  period  unwilling  to  place  the  fceptre 
in  a  female  hand,  he  mounts  the  throne 
and  prepares  to  addrefs  them-  in  a  maa* 
ner  fui table  to  the  occaiioa^-^ZenKMica 
now  enters,  and  throws  off  a  maik  Under 
which  he  had  long  concealed  a  fecret 
ambition  of  feiztne  the  empire  himielfj 
and  of  confirming  his  title  by  a  marriage 
with  Ovifa— —threatening  Timur  witit 
deftruAion,  if  Ite  perfifts  in  holding  die 
reins  of  government,  and  offering  im« 
mediate  violence  to  his  perlonj  in  coa- 
fequence  of  which  Timur  attacks  aadi 
kills  hifliy  but  is  himfelf  mortally 
wounded  ia  die  fcufflc.— The  Tartar 
lords  are  nmch  afflided  at  this  enex- 
pe6led  misfartune.— *An  ^i6lion  whidi 
18  greatly  aggravated  by  certain  intelli- 
gence, that  Zmgis  had  rallied  his  troops « 
and  gained  a  cOmpleat  vi^ory  over  the 
conipirators.— bn  this  advice  all  the 
lords,  Cubla  excepted,  feek  their  pre- 
fenration  in  flight,  and  leave  the  prince 
in  his  laft  moments  to  face  tfie  fury  of 
his  father.  Zrngis  foon  after  appears^ 
and  begins  to  upbraid  his  Ion— —but  oil 
Timur^s  falling  under  the  anguifli  of 
his  wound,  Itis  rage  is  turned  into  com- 
panion, and  the  prince  dies,  calling 
with  his  laft  breath  upon  Ovifa.— -Ovifa 
(bon  enters— —but  difh-a^ed  at  the 
fight  of  her  lover  dead  (he  reproaches 
Zingis  with  his  barbarity,  and  ftabbing 
herfel  f  before  his  face  (umpires  upon  the 
body  of  Timur,— Struck  at  this  me- 
lancholy cataftrophe  Zingis  forgives  Cu- 
bla, concluding  the  play  with  this  re- 
flefiion.  [foul, 

**  And  yet  the  genVous  paiEons  of  the 
Thofe  homely  virtues  of  a  private  life. 
Suit  not  our  gieat  dcfign— we  fit 
aloft  [world. 

In  thunder  and  in  clouds,  to  awe  tK*; 
And  firit  muft  conquer  e'er  we  bltfsr 
mankind.** 
Cr^nfider nitons  on  the  ConiuS  of  the  fahU* 
Nothing  can  be  conceived  more  per- 

lexciff 


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pie 

Gooole 


S^ 


$1%  Manners,  Se 

pltf3te(f»  er  knore  unfiniflied  than  the 
condudof  Ihii  tragedy.— —It  it  full  of 
buille  without  bufinefty  and,  if  we  maf 
ta  cxprefii  ourfelves,  of  affli^lion  withr 
out  didreit.^— Ovifa,  who  is  intended 
for  the  perfe£l  emblem  of  fufferin^  ex- 
cellence, is  continually  urging  the  man 
ihe  lovesi  and  for  whofe  reputation  Ihe 
feels  the  greateft  folicitude,  to  parricide} 
and  becauiie  the  troops  of  Zingls  have 
killed  AunaCy  who  was  an  enemy,  in  a 
purfuity  ihe  wanu  Timur  coolly  to  com- 
jnit  a  much  greater  crime  and  embrue 
bis  hands  lA  bis  father's  blood.  Not 
to  dwell  however  upon  trifles,   the  ca. 

tadrophe  is  capitally  defeaive. A 

fubjea,  Zemouca,  fails  upon  his  fdve- 
reigo  Timur,  in  the  full  face  of  the  mo- 
narch's court,  (for  we  will  on  this  occa* 
lion  call  Timur  a  monarch,  as  he  was 
chofcnby  the  confpirators  for  their  king) 
while  he  is  furrounded  with  his  guards 
and  ^reat  officers  $  we  fay  Zeraouca  in 
this  iituation  falls  upon  Timur,  and  the 
i^hole  court,  guards,  great  officers  and 
mil,  fuffer  the  king,  an  Afiatic  king  too, 
whom  thejr  have  |Uft  eleded,  to  be  at- 
tacked by  a  vaflal,  and  in^ead  of  hew- 
tog  the  traitor  in  pieces,  they  ftand 
unconcerned  fpeaators  of  the  combat, 
though  their  happinefs  depends  fo  ma- 
Urially  upon  the  fafety  of  Timnr — p 
and  though  they  are  fo  wonderfully  af- 
fii£hd  when  they  find  him  mortally 
wounded.— A  behaviour  of  this  nature 
would  be  unnatural  even  in  the  coldeft 
©f  our  European  conftitutioni— and 
there  are  few  people,  who  if  they  faw 
their  foverrign's  life  thus  publicly  af- 
faulted  by  an  individual,  would  think 
of  lookrog  tamely  on,  as  if  two  indtlfe- 
rent  perfons  were  only  deciding  a  pii- 
Yaie  difference.— Befides  the  fame  poe- 
tical juftice  which  demands  the  death  of 
Timur  and  Ovila,  demands  the  death  of 
Zingis.— Zingis  though  a  hero,  is  like 
moft  hgroet,  a  univerlkl  enemy  to  man- 
kind.—Murder  in  his  eye  is  conqueft, 
and  the  bafis  of  his  glory  the  deftruHion 
of  fociety— Such  a  wretch,  if  beyond  the 
reach  of  vengeance  on  the  ftagc  of  life, 
ihould  always  be  puniOicd  in  our  thta* 
tre«,  inftead  of  being  triumphantly  dif- 
miffed  with  the  inhuman  fpecch  vihich 
dofes  our  account  of  the  fable. 
ConJuUraiions  on  the  Manners* 

The  m:<nncrt  are  weU  prefer ved^—^ 
every  charafter  is  truly  Afiatic,  and  deals 
infubtlety,  or  blood. 

TheSbntimbnts. 

The  fcDtimcnis  are  freyiently  worthy 


NTIMENTS,   tec  Dcci 

of  commendation,  but  tbey^  often  han. 

p'en  to  be  wholly  but  of  charader 

Timur,  for  inftance,  is  extremely  an* 
xious  about  his  father^s  life  and  honour, 
at  the  very  jnoment  be  attacks  the  rojal 
camp  and  endangers  both  $  and  as  ue 
hate  already  remarked  Ovifa  talks  Ji 
filial  piety  as  a  very  neceflary  virtue  id 
her(blf,  ^th  the  fame  breatk  ibatftt 
endeavours  to  prevail  upon  Timur  is 
ufadertake  the  murder  of  Zingn. 
The  DicTioK. 
We  obferve  Mr.  Dow  endeavours,  ai 
much  as  pofllble,  to  give  his  diction  aji 
eaftcm  turn,  for  inftance,  Friemi  rfA 

baplefs  Aumac Son  of  daring  fangtr, 

SonofZhighi  SultdnU  if  my  fiai  i  Ctufif 
KifgUi  are  ufed  for  proper  namtiy 
slnd  fometimes  the  fenfe  is  rendered  ob- 
faire  to  a  common  ear  by  this  affeAa- 
tion— for  example — Timur  reproaching 
Sidafco,  who  is  wounded,  for  the  ^u 
of  Aimac  fays, 

Sidafco  in  his  bidod* 
On  thee  tne  death  of  Aunac   is  it- 

Relentlefs,  cruel  Omrah [venged. 

Now  a  great  many  people  who  do  not 
know  that  Omrah  ligniiies  krd^  or  chi^ 
might  be  apt  to  think  the  word  either  al- 
luded to  another  perfon,  or  was  a  lerm 
of  reproach,  and,  indeed^  we  fee  no 
reafon  why  this  particular  title  ibouU 
be  kept  in  the  original  Perfian,  when 
tve  hJh'e  the  titles  &(  kings  and  princ^ 
given  tousconftantly  in  plain  Engliih. 
The  Characters. 
There  ii  not  one  cnara^cr  in  the  pLiy 
for  whom  we  arc  Interefted  ixtkUts  it  is  Ad- 
nac*t,  and  he  has  no  bu/Toefs  Whatever  ia 
the  piece ;  he  hai  but  one  very  fiiort  fcese 
which  aofwia  rio  pnrpoie  n  the  circnift. 
ftance  of  hit  appearance  no  way  concerns 
the  incident  of  his  d^atfa^  and  would  ^ 
better  in  narrative  than  repreienUtioB— 
But  why  do  we  fay  Aunac  only  has  ao  bo* 
finef^  in  th^:  piece,  Cubla,  Zeaa,  Neviao, 
Sidafco,  and  Myla  are  equally  without  nU^ 
tinlefs  to  lengthen  out  a  very  barren  plot  with 
a  wide  variety  of  tedious  convcr^uons. 
The  Mosal. 

Very  extraordiriars  iucfeed-z in&  rfon- 

I)ly  fo  in  a  free  country. To  ifiew  tta 

kings  mud  firft  coneuer,  thit  i^,  mmr^  mu»- 
kind,  before  they  Mefi  th^m,  that  is,  be^kr 
they  feize  upon  xkt.  trofiertjf  of  the  onkaffy  , 
wretches  whom  thetr  avarice,  or  ckeir  wm^ 
bition,  has  barbtroufly  deflroyc4« 

TllE    REPKBOBNTATfOK. 

Mr.  HoMand  in  Timur  does  all  an  cscd^ 
lent  a6^or  can  do  to  fupport  a  very  bsd  pavy 
and  we  think  the  great  abihtiet  of  AIn. 
Barry  would  kav^  a&lUd  tkg  ckHtaOwor 

^'*  fU 

% 
Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768- 


ChnrdSIer  bf  Charles  1* 


^h9  CharaBit  ofKvt^  Charles  the  Firft, 
From  Mrs.  MacauUy*s  Ililtory  of 
England,  To/,  i^. 

AFTER  our  celebrated  hiftorlail 
has  given  an  account  of  this  un- 
iiappy  monarches  trial  and  execuiiooy 
ihe  proceeds  in  thefe  wordt :  • 
-.  Thus,  by  a  fate  unparalleled  in  the 
annaJs  of  princes,  terminated  the  un- 
fortunate life  and  turbulent  reign  of 
Charles  Stewart  j  a  monarch  iwhofe 
principles,  condud,  fortune,  and 
.death,  by  powerfully  engaging  the^p- 
pofite  affe^ions  attending  the  different 
▼iews  and  diflferent  interelb  of  men, 
bave  given  rife  to  a  bitter  and  irrecon* 
cileable  contefti^ 

Regarded  as  the  martyr  to  church 
and  Sate,  the  patron  of  the  clergf, 
the  fupport  of  the  nobility,  we  behold 
him,  in  the  reprefentations  of  a  con- 
llderable  party,  adorned  with  every 
llower  of  panegyrick  i  by  the  bigots  of 
a  diil^ent  perfutfion,  his  memory, 
jiotwitbltanding  the  tribute  he  paid  to 
his  crimes,  is  held  in  the  higheft  de-* 
teftation.  The  partisans  ot  liberty 
applaud  his  fate :  the  liberal  and  hu- 
mane condemn  and  pity  him  t  to  a 
mind  foftened  by  habits  of  amufe- 
snent,  snd  intoxicated  with  ideas  of 
felf- importance,  the  traniition  from 
royal  pomp  to  a  prifon,  from  eafy,  gay, 
and  luxurious  life  to  a  premature  and 
violent  death  by  the  hands  of  an  exe- 
cutioner, are  puni(hmerits  fo  (harp 
and  touching,  that,  in  the  fuffering 
prince,  we  are  apt  to  overlook  the 
deijgning  tyrant,  to  dweil  on  hit 
hardihips,  and  forget  his  crimes.  Com- 
paifion  IS  the  conftaot  attendant  of 
liberal  minds )  and  the  commiferation 
of  Charles's  fingubr  and  unfortunate 
fate,  but  for  the  intereds  of  truth  and 
the  violence  of  his  partisans,  would 
Itave  inclined  all  fuch  to  have  thrown 
the  mantle  of  oblivion  over  the  dark 
tiarts  of  his  charafler,  and  only  to 
have  remembered  that  he  bore  his  fuf- 
ferings  in  a  manner  which  would  have 
done  honour  to  the  bed  caufe.  From 
fuch  indulgence  the  ill-fated  Charles 
M  neceiTirily  excluded  ;  hiilory  is  call- 
ed upon  to  fcrutinire  with  exa^nefs 
his  piiociples,  condu^^  and  ckarafterj 
iince,  from  the  falfe  colourings  which 
by  deiiening  men  have  been  throwfi 
4>n  the(e,  and  the  rancor  with  which 
his  opponents  have  been  falfely  afper- 
i^,  have  been  deduced  confcquencsf 

Pec.  ij^ff 


t2i 


deftruaive  to  the  fecUnty  and  #elfar« 
of  man,  and  highly  injurious  to  tbi 
reputation  of  patriot  citizens. 

In  the  chara^er  of  Charles^  at  tt^ 
prcfcntcd  by  his  panegyrifts^  we  find 
the  qualities  of  temperance,  xhaftity* 
regularity,  pictyj  equity*  humanity^ 
dignity,  condefcenfion^  and  equani- 
mity ;  fome  have  gone  fo  far  as  to  al- 
low him  integrity  {  and  many  writers^ 
who  condemn  his  political  pr«ncipJesi 

five  him  the  title  of  a  moral  man. 
n  the  comparifon  of  this  reprefentar 
tion  with  Charleses  conduft,  accurate- 
ly and  juftly  defcribed,  it  is  di(cemi« 
ble  that  vices  Of  the  worft  tendency^ 
When  fhaded  by  a  formal  and  plauHble 
carriage,  when  concordant  to  the  in- 
tereils  of  a  faction  and  the  prejudices 
of  the  vulgar,  aifume  the  appearances 
of>  and  are  impofed  on  the  credulous 
world  as,  virtues  of  the  firfl  rank* 
Paffion  for  power  was  Charles's  predo-> 
minant  vice;  idolatry  to  his  regal 
prerogatives,  his  governing  principles! 
the  intereAs  of  his  crown  legitimated 
every  meafure;  and  fan^lified  in  hit 
eye,  the  widell  deviation  from  mo^al 
rule.  His  religion  was  to  this  a  fecond 
and  fubordinate  affe^ion :  the  prelates 
of  the  church  of  England  paid  him 
an  impious  flattery )  this  inculcated 
a  flavilh  dependance  on  the  regal 
authority;  the  corruptions  in  theit 
ecdefiaCHcal  difcipline  folicred  fuper- 
ftition  i  fuperflition  fecured  their  in- 
fluence over  the  peopie  ;  and  on  theie 
grounds^  and  to  thefe  eOds,  they  kept 
an  intereft  in  the  king's  heart,  which 
continued  to  the  laft  period  of  his 
life.  If  Charles  had  an  higher  e(lima- 
tion  of  the  faith  in  which  he  had 
been  educated  than  of  popery,  it  was 
becaufe  the  principles  of  popery  ac- 
knowledged a  fuperior»  allegiance  to 
their  fpirituat  than  their  temporal 
prince ;  but  regarding  that  fupc rlti- 
tion  to  be  more  favourable  to  the  in- 
terefts  of  monarchy,  he  preferred  it 
to  the  religion  of  any  diftering  fe^l, 
and  publickiy  avowed  his  wi(li,  thyt 
there  never  had  b«en  a  fchifm  in  th« 
church. 

Neither  gratitude,  clemency,  homa<( 
niiy,  equity,  not  generofity,  have 
place  in  the  fair  f>ar(  of  Charlef *s  cha^ 
ra^er.  Of  the  ifiituesof  temperance^ 
fortitude,  and  peribnal  bravery,  he  was 
undeniably  pofl'eUed.  His  manners  par* 
took  of  the  diilipation,  and  his  convcr- 
^tion  of  the  indecency  of  a  court.  His 
^  k  ^    chaftity 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


chaftity  bas  been  called  in  qtieftibn  bj 
iftn  author  of  the  bigheft  repute }  and 
were  it  allowced,  it  was  tainted  by  an  ex- 
-tef's  of  uxonoufnefs,  which  gave  it  the 
'properties  and  the  confequences  of 
-vice.  The  want  of  integrity  it  mani- 
fcrt  in  every  part  of  his  condudi 
^hich,  whether  the  corruption  of  hit 
-judgment  or  heart,  loft  bim  fair  op- 
portunities of  reinftatement  in  the 
throne,  and  was  the  vice  for  which, 
above  all  others,  he  paid  the  tributt 
^f  bis  life.  His  intelledhial  powei% 
-were  naturaHy  good,  and  To  impro- 
ved by  a  continued  exercils«  that, 
•though  in  the  beginning  of  his  reign 
he.fpoke  with  difficulty  and  heiitation, 
towards  th^  clofe  of  his  life  he  difco- 
vered  in  his  writings  purity  of  lan- 
guage and  dignity  offtyle,  in  his  de- 
bates elocution  and  quickne&  of  con- 
ception. 

The  high  opinion    be  entertained 
of  regal  dignity,  occaiioned  him  to  ob- 
ferve  a  ftatelinefs  and  imperioufnefs  Of 
manner,    whicb  to  the  rational  and 
inteHigent,  was  unamiable  and  offen- 
five ;  by  the  weak  and  the  formal,  it 
was  miftaken  for  dignhy.    In  the  ex- 
ercife  of  hetfemanfliip    be  excelled} 
had  a  good  fafte,  and  even  (kill  in  fe- 
veral  of  the  polite  arts  ^  but  though  ia 
proficient  in  iOme  branches  of  litera- 
ture,    wa«  no  encourager  of  ufefnl 
-learning,  and  only  patroaited  adepts 
-in  the  jargon  of  the  divine  rifcht  and 
-utility  of  kinps  and  bilhops.    His  un- 
t!erftandlng  in  this  point  was  fo  de- 
praved by  the  prefudices  of  his  edu- 
'cation,    the   flattery  of  priefts,    and 
the  aflfeftions  of  his  heart,   that  he 
'would  never  endure  cdnverfation whicb 
tended  to  tnculcafe  the  principFes  of 
equal  rights  m  men  ;   and  notwith- 
'Handing  that  the  particularity  of  his 
^(ituation   enforced    bis    attention    to 
-doctrines  of  this  kind,    he  went  out 
of  the  world  with  the  farme  fond  pre- 
-judices  with  which  he  had  been  fof- 
•tcred  in  his  nurfery,  and   ca)o(ed  in 
-the  zenith  of  l»is  power. 

Charles  was -of"  a   middle  flatufCj 

bis  body  Itrong,    Jiealthy,   and  juftly 

'proportioned  ;    bis  face  was  regular, 

nandfome,    and    well   complcxioned  { 

-and  1ii$  afpcdV  melancholy,  yet  not  un- 

plea(ingj     His  furvHing    ifiue    were 

three  Tons  zxn.\  t^rec  daughters.     He 

'Was  executed  in  ^he  forty* ninth  year 

of  h'fs   age,  and   buried,    by  the  ap- 

pointRHfrt  of  the  parliament,  at  Wiili- 


Grand  Seigtdor^s  Manifejlo^  -  Tkt 

for,  decently,  yet  wiibotttpomp. 't'he 
<hike  of  Ricbmond,  the  marquis  of 
Hertford,  the  earls  ef  ^otithampfOA 
and  Lindfay,  at  their  exprefs  f*eiire, 
Were  permitted  to  pay  the  laft  duty  to 
their  mafter,  but  were  denied  (by  co- 
lonel WbithcOt,  the  governor  of 
Windfor-Caftle)  the  ufeof  the  burialw 
l^rvicei  according  to  the  book  of  com- 
mon-prayer. 


htg  (be  War  declared  ^  bis  H^bnep 

againfi  tbe  Emprefs  d/'RuiEa,  dAver^ 

ed  tbe  %otb  e^Oaober  laft^  U  tbe  /•- 

feign  Mini/hrs  reJkHng  a/ Conftuti- 

tiople. 

«•  T  T  may  clearly  be  ieen  by  wbat 

X  follows,  that  the  Sublime  Poitc 

has  fttx&hf  obferyed  the  articles  of  the 

peace,  eftablidted  between  bis  empire 

and  the  court  of  Ruflia,  who,  on  tlie 

conthiry,  has  iafrioged  them  in  many 

tnftances. 

The  court  of  Ruffia,  againft  the 
faith  of  treaties,  has  not  ddifted  firoa 
building  Various  fortrefies  on  the  fron- 
tiers of  the  two  ftates,  and  has  provid- 
ed them  with  troops  ahd  aimntuoidoa. 
In  the  year  1177,  (or  1763)  on  tbe 
death  of  Auguftus  the  third  king  of 
Poland,  the  republic  of  Poland  intend- 
ing, according  to  the  (Vftem  of  the 
Potffli  liberty,  to  proceed  to  the  elec^ 
tion  of  a  king,  the  court  of  Rtiflia  fet 
tip  fbr  king  a  jprivate  Polifh  officer, 
in  whofe  family  there  had  never  been 
any  king,  and  to  whom  royalty  was 
not  becoming ;  and  has,  by  liding  with 
this  kihg,  intruded  on  and  traverfoL 
againft  the  will  of  tbe  republick,  all 
the  ftffiiirs  of  the  Poles.  Tbe  Porte 
having  giv^  n6tice  of  this  to  tlit 
Ruflian  refident,  he  declared  that  tbe 
republic  of  Poland  having  required  a 
certain  number  of  troops  to  proted 
its  own  liberty,  fix  thoufand  horle  and 
a  thoufand  coflacks  were  granted  for 
that  purpofe,  who  had  neither  canooo 
nor  ammunition  with  them,  and  were 
to  be  under  the  command  6f  the  re- 
public, and  that  there  was  not  a  ^^ 
Kufltatk  foldier  above  that  nnmber  lo 
Poland.  Vet,  when  he  was  afted^ 
fomc  time  after^^  why  tbe  court  of 
RiHTia  had  fent  moire  trooprmto  Po- 
land •,  and  why  violence  had  becA  nfM 
'on  the  election  of  Poniat0w(ky,  jRm  ^ 
one  of  the  grandeet  of  Poland,  tlH 
faid  refident  afTutHJ,  by  a  wtilkf 
'  irgried  with  his  hand,  that  his  comt 


"V 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^8.'^ 


Russian  Manifesto^ 


had  not  declv«4  fbr  any  perfoo,  nor 
had  evtr  made  nTc  of  violent  means  for 
the  ele^ion  of  any  one  whatfoeven 
Notwithftanding  this  aflurance  and  de- 
claratioD,  the  court  oH  Ru/Tia  bat  been 
continually   fending  troops,  cannon, 
and  ammunition,  under  the  command 
of  its  own  generajsy  who  continued  to 
attack  the  Poiith  libertv,   and  put  to 
death  tbofe  who  refufed  to  fubmit  to 
the  perfon   that  thcmfelves  had   not 
flexed  fbr  their  king,  and  who  war 
not  the  the  fon  of  a  king  ;  dripping 
them  with  clamour  and  violence,  ^' 
their  goods  and  eftates.    Such  a  con« 
dud  being  produdive  of  confu(ion  in 
the  good  order  of  the  Sublime  Porte, 
he  was  given  to  underftand,  that  ac- 
cording to  the  tenor  of  the  articles  of 
the  old  and  new  imperial  capitulations, 
the  court  of  Ruffia  muft  order  her 
troops  to  evacuate  Poland;  this,  the 
faid  refident  promifed  by  feveral  me- 
moriaU  ligned,    but  this  promife  has 
not  been  tulfiiled.     In  the  mean  time 
the  Sublime    Porte   received   advice, 
that  (bme  Ruflian  troops  had  been  fcnt 
to  Balta  (one  of  the  Muflulman  fron- 
tiers) with  fome  artillery,  and  had,  un* 
expe^tedly,  attacked  the  Mu^Tulmans, 
and  maiTacred  upwards  of  a  thoufand 
peHbns,  men,  women,  and  children. 
The  fublime  Porte  having  again  de- 
manded fttisfadlion  from  the  court  of 
Huflia  for  this  outrage,  which  againlt 
the  tenor  of  treaties,  had  been  com- 
mitted with  artillery  $  and  tlie  Khan 
of  Crimea  having  alfo  demanded  fatis- 
fa^tionfor  the  fame,  the  faid  court  deni- 
ed the  fadV,  alleciging  that  the  Hayda- 
jpacks  had  done  fome  damage,  but  that 
care  would  be  taken  topunKh  them,  al- 
though h  is  notorious  that  the  Uayda- 
rnacks  never  make  ufe  of  cannon  nor 
bombs    in     their    irruptions.     The 
Sublime  Porte,  notwithftanding,  dill 
perilled  in  reauiring  fatisl'aflion  for 
fuch  a   condua,  and  ftill  demanded 
the  reafon   why  the  court  of  Rutffia 
would    not,    thefe  three    years   paft, 
withdraw  iu  troops  fiom  Poland,  fince 
the   articles  of  the  treaty,  concluded 
in  1 13  J  (1719)  and  that  of  1x51  (1738) 
(lipulate,  «•  That  as  often  as  any  event  " 
fhiill  happen,  capable  of  didurbmg  the 
perpetual-  peace  of  the  two  empires, 
rhey  ihould  proceed,  iffo  fa^o,  to  the 
means  of  terminating  them  in  an  ami- 
:able  n^anner  •.".  nevcpthele(s,  the  out- 
'^gca  .and  devaftations  at  Balta  have 
>cen   denied,  and  the  punifliment  of 


^5. 

thofe  who  had  the  boldnefs  to  be  guilty 
of  them,,  has  been  poftponed«  and  even 
negleded.  The  filence  itfelf  of  th^ 
Roflian  reiklent,  who  having  been  in^ 
vitied  to  come  to  the  Porte  to  ann 
fwer  for  this  proceeding,  and  to  de^ 
clare  what  his.  court  meant  by  ftili 
keeping  its  troops  in  Poland,  provea 
the  inrra6Vion  of  the  treaty.  At  laft 
he  was  aiked  definitively,  whether^ 
according  to  the  ancient  a;id  new  trea<» 
ties,  which  fubfid  between  the  two  em-» 
pires,  the  court  of  Ruflia  would  defift 
from  meddling  with  the  affairs  of  Po« 
land,  under  pretence  of  guaranty  and 
promife^  he  replied,  that  his  full 
power  was  limited,  and  that  he  could 
not  anfwer  thereupon,  iince  that  artit- 
cle  was  known  to  his  court  only.  Such 
a  behaviour  plainly  demon ftrates  that 
the  abavementioned  power  thinks  prot 
per  to  take  upon  itfelf  the  infradion 
of  treaties  i  therefore  it  is,  that  tbeillur 
ftriousdodtorsof  the  law  have  given  by 
fetras  (or  legal  fencences)  their  anfwers 
that,  according  to  the  exigency  of  jufiice^ 
it  luas  necejfary  to  mak4  luar  agamfi  the 
MMfcovites  \  an  opinion  that  has  been 
unanimoufly  confirmed.  Thusthe^reft 
of  the  faid  refident  being  become  ncf- 
ceflTary,  we  give  by  thefe  prefents^ 
notice  to  all  the  powers  of  Europe* 
that  the  faid  refident  (hall  be. guarded 
in  the  caftle  of  the  Seven  Towers,  and 
that,  during  the  whole  time  thaf  this 
tranfa6^ion  has  laded,  the  Sublime 
Porte  has  done  nothing  that  might 
break  the  friend/hip,  nor  any  thmg 
contrary  to  the  articles  of  the  treaties 
concluded  between  the  two  empires, 
Sccr 

The  Declaration  of  the  Imperial  Court  of 
RuiTia  to  the  Courts  qf'  Europe^  uptm 
the  Arneji  of  its  Mi/iifer,  rejideni  at 
Condantinople. 
"  TTER  imperial  m»fedy,4n taking 
Xj.  a  part  in  the  tranf^dtions  of 
the  republic  of  Poland,  as  humanity 
on   one  fide,  and   the  obligations  of 
her  crown  on  the  other,  had  prompted 
her,  was  no  Xtis  carelul  to  conduct 
herfeif  in  fuch  a  manner  as  not  to  give 
any  umbrage  to  a  jealous  and  power- 
ful neighbour :  Every  part  of  her  coii- 
du6k   was   public ;  and  (he  had    like- 
.wife  a  particular  attention  to  commu- 
nicate in   con6dence  to  the  Ottoman 
Porte  her  relolutions  upon  every  fte(p 
fhe  took,  and  the  condnd  die  intended 
to  obierve,  till  the  peace  and  tranquil - 
4.  K  &  Uty 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6g9  Question 

lily  of  tfiat  kingdom  was  entirely  i%- 
cftaUlithed,     But  the  enemies  to  th€ 
pcaco  of  thtfe  two  empires  were  not 
Winting  to  blacken  at  the  Porte  all  the 
fiftiont  of  her  impeiial  majefty,  and  to 
low  there  the  feeds  of  difcord  by  ihi 
inoft  falfe  imputations.     The  Porte, 
reftrained  by  the  upright  conduct  the 
rourtof  Ruilia  continued  to  maintain 
towards    themi    tiiiened,    but  it  was 
with  caution,  to  the  calqmny  that  was 
fpread.     Some  attention  to  the  affaira 
of  Poland,  and  an  impartial  examina- 
tion of  what  RuHia   had  done,  com- 
pared with  the  overtures  matle  by  that 
^urt  at  the  Porie,  had  diipelled  all 
iufpieion,  and  the  public  tranquillity 
leemed  to  be  no  more  threatened.  The 
^oi^mon   enemies,  however,  repeated 
their  infinuations  with  more  rage  and 
fiudi|city  than   ever,  to  impoie  upon 
the  credulity  of  the  Turkiih   nation, 
«nd    infufed    a    fpirit    of    difcontent 
•mong  them,  which  called  for  the  no- 
tice of  government,   for  it  had  tbrced 
its  w^y  eyen  into  the  fcraglio,    The 
change  in  the  miniftry,  brought  about 
by  thofe  events,  foon  produced  a  revo- 
lutiM)  in  the  fyfiem  of  peace,  equally 
fUar  to  both  nations.     The  new  Vizir, 
^pon   his    advancement  immediately 
4i5nt  for  Mr.  Obrcikow,  her  imperial 
majefty's   refident  at  the  Porte,   and 
l|fter  halving  caufed  to  be  read  in  his 
prcfence  a  declaration  full  of  heavy 
Charges  againtl  hif  court,  part  of  which 
^read\  have   been  invalidated  by  the 
inoft  fair  and  candid  explanations,  and 
pthers  that  had  never  exifted,  or  were 
4Bver  thought  of,  the  Vizir  prefTed  him 
to  fig^  immediately,  under  the  gua- 
ranty of  the  alliesof  his  (pvercign,  lbn\e 
very  oftf  nfiye  conditions,  in  regard  to 
which  there  never  had  been  made  the 
UaU  propofal  during  the  whole  courfe 
of  the  operations  in  Poland,     Thefe 
conditionii    very  derogatory    to  thie 
honour  and  glory  of  an  emprefs  ac- 
culiomed  to  receive  no  law,  propof- 
^d  in  a  tone  and  form  repugnant   to 
the  freedom  of   negociation  adopted 
\>y  every  power,  were  attended   with 
^he  alternative  of  an  immediate  rup- 
ture pf  the  perpetual  peace  between  the 
fwo  eippires.      The   RulTian  minifter 
confident  of  the  upright  intentions  of 
his  court,  and  conTciuus  of  the  probity 
Qf  hlf  own   conduct,    as   having  fuU 
tllecj  the  duties  of  a  long  miniftry,  was 
{^capable  of  unworthily  degiadi;ig  his 


$    SOL  V  ED.'  Dec; 

court  and  his  own  charafter  by  a  hit^ 
miliating  engagement,  and  whidi 
would  hava  exceeded  the  power  and 
commiflion  of  any  mioifter,  let  them 
be  ever  i'o  exten(ive ;  he  gave  there- 
fore a  pofitive  refufal,  as  t>ecame  bt| 
honour  and  his  duty  ;-^and  the  refo- 
lution  of  the  Divan,  which  followed 
immediately  after,  was  to  arreft  him, 
and  part  of  his  retinue,  and  carry  hi« 
to  the  caftle  of  the  Seven  Towers.-* 
It  would  be  needlefs  for  the  imperial 
court  of  RufTia  to  dwell  any  longer 
upon  this  event,  or  to  enter  here  into 
an  examination  of  it.  The  fa£k  fpeakii 
for  itfelf.     The  honour   and  glory  of 

her  imperial  ma  jetty the  regard  to 

her  empire,  point  out  the  part  it  if 
right  for  her  to  take.  Conhding  in 
the  juftice  of  her  caufe,  (he  appeals  to 
all  chriftian  courts  on  the  litoatioa 
(he  finds  herfelf  in  with  regard  to  the 
common  enemy  of  chrilhanity,  cer- 
tain as  (he  is,  that  her  copdu^  wiQ 
meet  with  equal  approbation  from  each 
of  them,  and  that  ihe  (hall  have  the 
advantage  to  join  to  the  divine  pro- 
tection, the  jud  aflittance  of  her 
friei^ds,  and  the  good  wi(he$  of  ail 
Chriftendom.^' 

iueft'ton,L  /.  5 10,  fil'ved by  the  Propofer, 
)UT  tf  zi  fine  of  75*  xo'  twice  the 
.  elevation,  b  :=.  ^4.0  feet,  twice  thf 
objeft's  height,  c  zz  cotangeqt  of  thj 
elevation  «^  r:  i|  mile,  in  feet;  am) 
^  =  impetus.  TTien  ajf  zz  half  th? 
horizontal  amplitude  at  the  givei> 
elevation.  Again,  as  1  :  r  ::  b  -.  6c^ 
a    four»l)   proportional ;    whence 

^  ax  —  bx  X  ax  X  axzzdf  P«r  quef- 

tion   folved  gives  x  =  -j  ..  5^  x  ^ 
—  428  1.5,  the  impetus  required. 

S^eJIion  Secondy  frl'ued  by  the  Somu^ 

PVT  a—  18'  76,   6  =  60',    CZ2 
8hi  17'  =  to  497',  and  x  zz.  long, 
of  the  true  conjundion.     Then  as  a  *. 

b  ::  XI =  interval  of  tiipe,  and 

n 

therefore  —  =  r,  ppr  quef.   whence 


•=v/r  =  ^*-46  = 


I*'   '^%"zz 

parallax  longitude  of  the  D  A  O,  at 
the  true:  ^  whence  39' ^a'^  interval 
of  tioie. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'iy6i.  ''An  Uncommon 

S(nefiion  by  the  Same^ 

IN  wliat  latitude,  on  May  the  20th 
17699  will  the  fuQ*8  meridiaa  be  a 
jnaximani  ? 

Second  Slj^efliott, 

REQUIRED  the  folidity  of  a  fo- 
lid,  generated  by  the  revolution 
pf  a  curve  about  its  a^is,  whofe  equa- 

SuppQ. 


AnhnaT. 


«/^ 


4Jf 
tion  IS  -~— ,    .    . 

*^"^«j>*       xny         ay^ 

iing,  that  when  a  ±1^^  y  =:  6f 

To  ib€  AyTHOR  of  the   LONDOJJ 

Magazine, 

SIR. 

AMONG  other  uncommoi^  ani- 
mals, pray,  what  ^o-  you  think 
of  the  defcnpcion  and  hi^ory  of  thp 
following  ? 

Firft,  fot  the  formation  of  this  (lu- 
pendous  animal.  One  hiftorian  of 
very  diftinguiflisd  credit  has  affured 
us,  upon  his  word  and  honour,  that 
the  generation  of  this  animal  is  entire- 
ly equivocal,  and  all  the  inveftigation 
of  natural  hiftorians  have  never  been 
able  to  difprove  this  opinion,  though 
contrary  to  their  fentiments  relating  to 
the  birth  of  every  other  fpecics.  Some 
have  roundly  aiTured  us,  it  was  made 
by  chance  \  others  fuppofe  it  to  have 
AibAlled  fron^  eternity;  but  others 
ivith  much  more  credit  contend,,  that 
it  was  produced  by  defign,  which  they 
tell  you  appears  from  raoft  evident 
marks  of  care  and  contrivance  in  the 
flifpofition  of  it's  parts. 

Whatever  difHcultics  however  may 
attend  our  enquiry  into  it's  formation, 
there  are  ceitainly  great  Angularities 
and  ilrange  inconfiftences  in  it's  con- 
ilitution.  This  animal  is  a  female  un- 
doiibledly,  being  (b  prodigioufly  pro- 
'fifick — look  at  her  at  fome  diftance, 
and  (he  appearij  very  loufy  and  full  of 
vermin  ;  this  circumftance  indeed  is 
iiot  to  be  Wondered  at,  fince  her  fccrc- 
tions  are  fo  amazingly  fine,  and  pro- 
ducing an  immenfe  variety  of  pabu- 
lum for  the  animalcules  which  ci^awl 
about  her. 

Almoll  all  the  bones^  of  this  huge 
creature  are  of  much  more  value,  in 
detached  pieces,  than  her  flefh  \  and 
though  (lie  nooves  with  furprifmg  ve-. 
jocity,  there  has  never  yet  been  dif- 
coycr^d"  any  prtilages,  tendons,  m^f- 
€\t^<i  or  other  initri^ments  of  mutual 
connexion^    in    her    whole    frame  j' 


for  her  crafis  is  prefcrvcd  by  a  ftronj 
cobefion  of  parts,  fo  that  her  motion 
is  rather  moliminous  than  a£tive« 
Notwith (landing  this,  as  (he  is  a  mem« 
ber  of  the  fine(t  choir,  and  ailifts  \^. 
the  execution  of  the  fined  harmony  ia 
the  univerfe,  fo  (he  is  always  dancing 
to  this  mufick  along  with  a  female  partr 
ner,  called  .Diana,  who  never  once 
turnt  her  back  upon  her  partner,  and 
has  a  great  command  of  countenance^ 
afTummg  a  variety  of  faces  and  afpc6lt 
according  to  the  fcycral  points  of  vie*v 
in  which  you  behold  her  \  and  puts  ca 
no  lefs  variety  of  complexions  from  a 
flowing  blqfh  to  a  deadly  pale.  The 
whole  choir  indeed  crofs  over  and  fi-^ 
gAire  in  with  great  jultnefs  to  the  mu- 
nckj  and  it  were  a  wonder  if  they 
did  not,  (ince  the  mu(ick  is  a  moft  di- 
ving compofition,  and  the  choir  aU 
dance  and  perform  at  the  fame  time— * 
There  arc  indeed  fome  fmall  irrcguU- 
riries  in  their  movements,  but  thefe  are 
not  perceivable  except  to  an  exceeding 
nice  infpeftion,  and  thatonly  of  a  per- 
fon,  who  is  a  very  critical  judge  q£ 
both  the  muficl^  and  the  dance. 

It  is  remarkable  that  thefe  two  fe- 
males have  been  partners  and  play- 
mates ever  (ince  they  have  been  able  to 
move  a  limb  5  thejr  have  a  (troi^g  re- 
ciprocal inftinft  in  favour  of  each 
other,  a  kind  of  lunacy,  and  the  fineflk 
foetus's  of  the  female  here  defcribed 
are  often  affected  with  it,  and  run  into 
pairs ;  but  are  not  by  far  fo  conftant 
to  their  refpeftive  attachments  as  their 
natural  mother — and  yet  (he  never 
wa$  in  contra6k  with  any  one  of  the 
choir,  not  even  her  own  partner,  nor 
any  other  perfon,  whatever,  (ince  (lie 
came  into  the  world  ;  except  that  (he 
had  once  a  hrujb  (as  fome  fay)  by  a 
rude  impertinent,  who  pu(hes  into  all 
companies,  and  drivesdiretkly  through, 
without  telling  them  who  he  is,  and 
whence  he  comes. 

This  creature  is  beautiful  in  the 
moft  finiftied  degree,  her  complexion 
is  charmingly  varied,  and  much  wea- 
ther beaten,  which  m?Utes  her  look 
both  lively  and  florid  ;  and  flie  has  a 
mo(t  elegant  and  admirable  (ymmc.try 
of  parts.  She  keeps  therefore,  as  her 
parent  prompted  her,  a  very  inodeft 
diftince,  and  fuffers  no  one  around 
her  to  touch  her }  for  if  (he  did,  her 
^Itr  anions  would  be  too  powerful  (o 


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Bji 


New  QuestiowiJ 


Dec. 


l>€  reliftei!;  they  would  run  into  To 
rode  and  clofe  an  embrace,  as  would 
onitc  IjpoH  a!t  her  charms.  Nay  her 
dun  IS  fotender,  thatlhe  cannot  endure 
a  £e(h  brolh»  the  application  of  which 
would  with  very  little  fri6Hon  rob  her 
IP  the  bone,— -Her  centre  never  was 
dxfcovcred,  and  remains  concealed  in 
Ipite  of  the  penetration  of  the  mod 
»b!e  invedigators:  at  her  extrcmettes 
IKe  is  generally  biihbound  ;  has  a  tet- 
fered»  grjcy,  forbidding  appearance } 
her  fineit  parts  therefore  (he  (hews  to 
1>er  delicate  and  well  bred  ob(erverS| 
but  her  worft  parts  onW  to  per  font 
who&  view  is  liitle  worth  her  notice. 
She  is  obliged  to  have  her  face  (haved 
€»ce  a  year  for  the  fake  of  her  nume- 
rous family,  who  live  entirely  upoa 
|icr  fmiles. 

In  regard  to  her  ft  ate  pf  health,  (he 
is  obliged  to  be  fanned  very  often  to 
prevent  putrefcencies  arifins;  from  a 
llagnation  of  air,  and  notwithftanding 
the  very  abforbent  quality  of  her  fkin, 
yet  (he  i»  obliged  to  cacry  about  with 
her  a  large  quantity  of  extravafated 
fluid,  (pernicious  in  the  conftitution 
of  other  animals,  but  very  lalutary  to 
her)  which  her  motion  with  her 
partner  keeps  in  perpetual  agitation, 
and  by  that  mean»  preferves  herfelf 
from  the  acce(Iion  of  noxious  vapours. 
9We  has  Hkewiffs  a  great  infenfible  per- 
fpiration,  herpores  opening  and  (hut- 
ting with  the  feafon  as  they  do  in 
€>ther  animals.  She  has  feveral  rtnf* 
^iag  eruptions^  fecrcted  fiom  her  veins, 
of  a  thin  watry  fubflance,  which  the 
animalcules  upon  her  Ikin  are  often 
imbibing.— Some  of  thele  eruptions 
tiowever  are  of  a  corrcfive  and  fiery 
nature,  ard  no  gentleman  of  any  fa- 
tuity whatever  have  bctn  able  to  ac- 
count for  (he  cafe  ;  fomc  areof  opini- 
pn,  it  is  o«^ing  to  an  eiVential  inter- 
nal heat,  which  breaks  out  in  boils 
upon  the  furfacej  others,  to  topical 
inflammations  )  .  others  have  humo- 
Toufly  enough  fancycd  it  to  be  only  a 
purgative  di (charge  of  excremental 
pufanccs— the  beft  opinion  is,  that 
the  orifices  of  all  thefe  eruptions  are 
cmunftopes  to  the  fyftem,  to  carry  off 
the  humours  fecrcted  by  inward  fevers 
and  inftammaiions.  Sometiines  (he 
has  a  heflick  fever,  at  other  times  (he 
is  liable  to  be  overpowered  with  cold 
unwholefomc  rheums  and  moiftures,  as. 
fts  has  been  for  a  j^oud  many  moiiths 


paft.—— Poor  creature,  (he  was 
drowned  \  but  came  to  life  again.^ 
Ever  6nce  that  time,  and  probiblt 
before  it  too,  (he  has  bad  many  tnWaf^ 
extravafations  of  aJnu>ft  (tagnatsd  H^ 
which  however  do  not  certainly  im- 
pede the  aaion  of  any  of  the  vel&is, 
nor  create  any  manner  of  obftmdioesi 
And  whet  is  ef^nally  uncomnsoA  and 
remarkable,  the  extremes  of  heat,  and 
cold,  which  bring  all  other  ^edraals 
todi(rolution,  is  the  expedient  to  piv- 
ferve  her  life  i  the  Cuccefiion  ol(  tbe(s 
afieflions  contributing  in  a  Curft^&ag 
mannet  to  keep  her  in  a  tempeiaupent  \ 
rpme  parts  indeed  are  liable  to  a  con- 
ftant  extreme,  but  thefe  upon  that  very 
account  ai^  neither  fo  valoabie  nortt 
beautiful  as  the  othpr. 

I  cannot  conclude  this  se'iQoimt  with- 
dut  obferving,  that  her  maker  muft 
have  been  extremely  clever  to  make 
iii  many  feeming  inconfiftendes  con- 
fpire  to  the  beauty»  order,  (tnength  and 
permanency  of  this  creature  I  cannot 
think  it  would  be  an  unamu(ing enquiry 
loexempUfy  cafes  wherein  thele  feeming 
inconfiliencies  do  a^hially  operate  in 
the  produ6Hon  of  thefe  effeds,  and 
polTibly  I  mnjf  take  (bme  future  oppor- 
tunity to  do  it,  though  I  cannot  pro- 
nstfe  you  this,  my  time  hesng  fo  much 
engaged  :  For,  I  look  upon  myfelf  to 
have  much  leifure,  and  nnd  upon  trial 
I  have  really  but  little,  and  the  inter- 
Tals  of  it  I  All  up  with  thefe  kind  of 
amufements-^-^Such  is  the  feeming 
inconliltency  of  my  own  cai'e,  and  tba 
philofophical  allegory  the  efcA  of  it  i 
and  there  is  a  home  example  for  yea 
of  the  do^rine  propofed,  inftance  in 
the  cafe  of 

your's,  &c. 

Dorfet,  Dec.  3. 176$.      CLEXictJi^ 

A  ^eflion  hj  Mr.  William  Surtees, 
Pupd  to  Mr.  Eadoo,  w  Sheffield^ 
Yorkfliire. 

THERE  is-  a  right  angled  triangle 
whofe  bafe  is  reprelented  by   j; 

in  this  equation  Afj  +  li  «*  x  =  — 

+  a«Jf*  5  and  <i  =  ia76S  :  From  which 
X  is  to  be  found,  witboutextradinr  s 
root,  by  a  fimple  equation :  Alfo  loe 
produ6^  of  the  bafe  and  pitbetus,  be- 
ing added  to  twice  the  hypo^benufe 
will  make  juft  30745501a  feet.  Re- 
quired the  iidci  of  t^e  triaB^e  I 


Digitized  by  CjOOQIC 


;    O 


V 


Digitized-by  CjOOQ  IC 


C^ndlewick  tt^ard  defer  tied.  .  6t§ 

AaoUnt    tf  Candlewick    ami     great   firtf   and  han^folhely 


€768. 

•at  Mtf 

Langborn  Hoards ^  anaccur4ae  V\,KMk 
^f  nvbkb  nvas  gvven  iviih  $ur  lafi 
iAagaKini^  p,  5S6. 

THE  ward  of  Candlewick,  wat 
fo  denominated)  from  a  ftreet  call- 
ed CandUwck^  orCandlewright,  ftreet) 
(now  Cannon-ftreet)  which  was  an- 
ciently famous  far  wax^  and  tallow^ 
dmndlers,  at  now  ftiled.  On  the  EaU^ 
It  k  bounded  by  iftiidge^ward  \  on 
the  South  by  Bridge  and  Dowgate- 
wardf)  on  the  NorUi  by  LangM-n* 
ivard,  and  .weftwardly  by  Dowgate 
and  Wallbrook  wardt.  The  ftreett, 
tauiesy  and  courts,  are  (6  plainly  Hiark- 
«d  4n  the  Plan,  as  to  need  I10  mentloli 
lierei 

There  ure  but  three  parifti  chorchts 
in  this  ward|  although  there 'are  five 
pariihety  viz.  St.  Cj^lement  £aft-  Cheap, 
St.  Martin's  Orgar,  St*  Mary's  Ab- 
churchy  St.  Lawrence's  Poultney,  and 
St.  Michael's  Crooked-lane.  There 
Is  alfo  an  epifcopal  French  congre* 
gatioDy  who  aflemble  in  the  Ihiall  re- 
gains of  the  antient  parifli  church  of 
St.  Margaret's  Oi^r,  1.  e.  the  Tower 
«nd  Nave,  which  were  found  capable 
of  repairs  after  the  fire  of  LiOxid6n« 
*rht  pariih  churches  afe, 

I.  St.  Clement's  Eaft-Cheap,  which 
is  a-reAory  feated  on  the  eaft.fide  of 
St.  Clement*8-]ane,  in  the  patronage 
of  the  biftop  of  London  :  The  church 
being  deftroyed  in  the  great  fire  pf 
i666,  was  'handfomely  rebuilt,  and 
.the  parifli  of~St.Martin'8  Orgar  joined 
to  its  own  I  Value  to  the  redor,  a- 
bout  1 60 1.  ptr  annum,  Veftry  general  $ 
two  church-wardens,  fixty  honfesi 
Augmentation  to  St.  Andrew's  Hoi* 
bom  1 1,  per  anMum, 

s.  St.  Mary's  Abcburch  is  a  rc^oryj 
feated  in  Abchurch-Iane,  in  thepatro* 
iia|«  of  Corpus  Cttrifti  College,  Cam* 
brid^.The  church  was  burnt  in  the  fre 
of  London,  was  handfomely  rebuilt,  and 
the  parifh  of  St«  Lawrence  Poultney 
added  to  ib  own  pari(h.  Value  to  the 
re^or  about  laol.  per  annam,  Veftry 
general i  two  churchwardens j  ii% 
houfes. 

3.  St.  Michaers  Crooked*lane,  is  a 
reSory,  Atuace  in  St.  Michacl's-Une, 
in  the  patronage  of  the  archbifhop  of 
Canterbury,  being  onc'of  his  thirreeti 
peculiars  in  London.  The  church* 
Was  decoyed  in  the  befortmentioned 


rebuik* 

Value  to  the  re^or  upwarcis  of  iool« 
per  annum.  Veftry  general  %  two  church* 
hardens  i  iiyhoufes. 

This  ward  is  governed  by  an  aldetv 
mas,  his  deputy,  and  feven  other 
commoh«councii-roeo,  eight  fcaYcn- 
^ers,  fijt  conftables,  twelve  waixlmetie 
inqiwft«meni  and  a  beadle.  The  cofi<& 
iUble,  beadle,  and  twenty- four  watch* 
tnen,  are  on  duty  in  this  ward  everf 
night.  The  )Uryrtfen,  returned  by  she 
wardmote-inqneft,  ferve  in  GuildhaM 
in  the  month  of  Decemben  It  is  tax- 
ed to  the  fifteenth  at  itf  h 

The  prefenv alderman  is  Sir  Charles 
AfgiU,  lent,  and  bart.  his  deputy^ 
Mi.  lames  Rofiter,  common-council^ 
Mellrs  Matthew  Perchard,  Philip  Mii- 
loway,  John  Wathen^Thomas  Wright, 
Henry  Veyfey,  Edward  Watfbn,  aoi 
WilUam  OiU. 

Lawcborn  #ard,  received  its  de* 
nomination  from  a  rivulet,  or  lo«£ 
bourn  6f  fweet  water  which  antient% 
brofke  out  of  a  fpring,  near  Magpye- 
alley,  near  the  place  where  St.  Cathe- 
rine Coktaian'ft  church  now  ftands.  Oa 
the  £aft  it  is  iacompafi'cd  by  Aldgate- 
ward  \  on  the  Nortn  by  Aidgate  and 
Lime-fb-eet  wards ;  on  the  ^mth  by 
Tower-ftreet,  Billinrgate,'Bridge,  and 
Candlewick  wards^and  on  the  Weft 
by  Wallbrook  ward.  We  OiaU  not 
mention  its  ftreets,  lanes,  &c.  as  they 
are  confpicuous  in  the  plan. 

In  this  ward  there  are  four  panfli 
churches,  and  three  parKhes  without 
churches  i  the  Kudfon's-fiay  com- 
pany's, Pewtercr's,  and  part  of  Iron- 
monger's, haUs,  and  the  -General* 
Poft-Office.      . 

The  churces,  are,  1.  St.  Dionis- 
Backchurch,  which'  is  a  re6tory,  ia 
the  patronage  of  the  dean  and  chapt^ 
of  Camerbury.  The  church  being  de- 
ftroyed  in  the  great  fire  of  Londonf 
was  neatly /ebuilt.  Value  to  the  rec- 
tor about  14.0!.  Veftry  general  j  two 
ohurchwardens;  ^txhoutts:  augmea« 
tation  to  St.  Oiles  s  Cripplegate,  Si. 
peranmum^ 

2.  All  hallows,  Lorabard-ftrect,  is 
a  re£toi7,  and  One  of  the  tbirteea 
peculiars  of  the  archbifhop  of  Canter- 
bury. The  eh*«rch  was  confumed  in 
the  above  !iiid  gi'cat  <ire,  and  hand- 
^mely  rebuilt,  value  to  the  fe^or, 
about -1601.  per  annum,  Veftry  gene- 
ral 


vi^iSr' 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


t^S  Lahgbdm  fp^atd  defirihei. 

nd ;  two  church warclens ;  \t6  heufes : 
aogmenutJon  to  St.  Botolph*8  Aidgate 
7  Ik  ptr  aimum. 

3.  St.  £dinund*s  the  King,  is  a  rec« 
tory,  in  the  patronage  of  the  fee  of 
Canterbury,  and  the  church  being 
Itkewife  burnt  dowD»  it  rebuilt,  and 
conftiruted  the  place  of  publick  wor- 
ship for  tbit  pariih,  and  that  of 
St.  Nicholas  Acont.  Value  to  the  rec- 
tor near  «ool.  aycar.  Veftry  general  ^ 
twro  churchwardens}  iti  houies-j  aug«> 
mentation  to  St.  AJ^drew's-wardrobe, 
7I.  per  annum, 

4.  St.  Mary  Woolnoth,  is  a  rcftory 
in  the   patronage   of  the   family  of 


fictt 


Bowes.  The  church,  being  partly  dc- 
ftroyed  by  the  great  fire  of  London, 
was  repaired,  but  in  1719,  was  rebuilt 
as  one  of  the  6fty  new  churches,  the 
parifh  of  St.  Mary  Woolchurch  being 
added  to  it.  Value  to  the  redtor  about 


1 80 1.  per  ditnum,  Veftry  general ;  t«9 
churchwardens  %  eighty-height  booib. 

This  v^sErd  is  governed  by  an  aldo:- 
man,  his  deputy,  ten  common-ocwa- 
cil'tnen  ;  fifteen  conftables,  nine  feai 
vengers,  feventeen  wardmote-inqudl- 
n>en,  and  a  t>eadle  :  it  is  taxed  to  tbi 
fifteenth  in  the  Exchequer  at  ao  L  9s. 
8d.  in  London  at  ai  1.  A  conftable^ 
beadle,  and  thirty-four  watchmen,  ait 
upon  duty  every  night.  The  jury  rt- 
turned  for  this  ward  fenre  as  iuron  a 
the  courts,  at  Guildhall,  in  November. 

The  prefei)t  alderman  is  Sir  Jo^!pl 
Hankey,  knt.  his  deputy,  R.Wilioiia^ 
Efqs  common-council,  Mefiins.  Joht 
Pope,  Ingham  Fofler,  George  May- 
nard,  William  ChefTon,  James  IUbef% 
Thomas  WitherbjT,  William  Leni, 
James  Thompfooi  and  Robert  Hat^ 
rifoni 


4  Calculation  of  the  Moon's  Eclipfe  in  December,  (next t)  from  Mr. 
Talflet^  bj  Mr.  Thomas  Barker. 

D. 
TJ  EG  INNING  of  the  eclipfe  at  London,  December,  176S; 


Leadbettei^ 


is,  according  to  apparent  time 
Beginning  of  total  darknefii 
Middle 

Ecliptic  8  2 

End  of  total  darkneGi  ^ 

End  of  the  eclipfe  •    , 

Duration  of  total  darknefs  ? 

Total  duration  of  the  eclipfe 
iHgittf  eclipfed 
Moon^s  latitude  at  the{J^|^''''^"S  of  the  eclipfe^ 


*3 


I     »4 

if 

s     la 

3     I 

51 
U 

3     1 
3     49 

% 

4     47 

1     36 

3     3* 

ao»  4S' 

9     »3  N. 

35 
D. 

1     55  S. 

A. 

Ah  AnfiAter  to  ^eftio/t  Pa^e  304  in  Londoh  Magazine  for  June  176S. 

E  T  ABCD  reprefent  the  required  trapezium  :  put  AC  rr  60  =  tf,  AD:? 
30  b,  AB  —40:3  f,  and  x  z^  fiae  angle  DAC, 


fhen  will  y  i'-xx\j=:  fine  of  the  angle  CAB,   and 

abx-^  ac  *y  i^xx\^  ,  ,  #    , 

"■ \ 1  by  a  known  theorem  =:  the  area 

of  the  trapezium  a  max.  by  the  qucftion  in  fluxions  ^ 
— aauxx 

abx         —  rr  o,  reduced  at  =  o,  6 :  and  v:i— ;wr1 
ac>f  ixx  '     '  ' 

=  o,  S  5  /.  the  angle  DAC  =  the  angle  DBA ;  and 

the  angle  CAB  =  the  angle  BDA,  confcquently  the 

fjiagenals  will  be  perpendicular  to  each  other,  when 

the  trapezium  is  the  greatefti  whence  the  fides  are  a  * 

readily  found  to  be  DC  =  4o,»49,  and  BC  =  48,166  ^^ 

chains,  refpeaively.     W.  W,  JU 

>  Harboroughi  Sept.  176S, 


TtiO.  Sa.nd£Ilsos. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


76P. 


Historical   Anecdotes. 


631 


''he  foBowtng,  as  it  c9^hs  fundry  A' 
necdotes  of  Hifloty,  is  inferted, 

SIR, 
>l  CCORDINO  to  my  promife, 
rjL  and  in  deference  to  yoor  can- 
lid  commands,  and  inquiry,  I  fend 
'Oil  the  folio  wing  account,  and  de- 
lare,  that  from  time  paft  memory, 
t  was  a  conftant  and  uncontrovtrted 
radition  in  Normandy,  that,  the 
Jritons,  then  in  pofTcfTidn  of  all  Eng- 
and,  unable  to  refift  the  repeated  cf- 
orts  of  the  Saxons,  Danes,  and  other 
lorthem  nations,  moftly  retired  into 
Vales,  naturally  ftrong  by  the  diffi- 
:ulty  of  the  palTcs,  through  woods 
ind  ihacceOiblc  mounfains ;  others, 
nto  Armorica,  now  called  Britanny  5 
ind  others,  into  Neuftria,  now  cftUdd 
^rmandy,  from  it's  late  occupiers  5 
lod  that  Anfelm  Fiiz  Arthur,  Armi- 
rcr,  or  Miles,  as  he  is  qualified  in  the 
Sngirih  hiftorians,  and  Fitz  Artur, 
iccording  to  the  French  dialed,  was 
he  defcendant  of  oneofthofc  emigrants 
Vom  Great  Britain,  who  retired  and 
ettled  in  Agro  Cadomenfi,  the  champaiA 
)f  Caen.— The  faft  is  certain  as  re- 
ported by  Rapin  deThoyras,  and  others, 
ts  to  his  ftopping  the  burial  of  King 
W^illiam,  the  firft  of  England,  on  his 
ifbrped  lind,  by  virtue  of  clamour  of 
ftaro,  or  Ha- roul.*— Henry,  the  tWrd 
brother,  fincfe  the  firft  of"  the  name 
cing  of  England,  (who  fbon  fuccceded 
tCing  William  the  fccond  of  England^ 
ind  alfo  the  iec6nd  brother,  who  was 
iccidtntally  (hot  in  the  New  Foreft,  to 
:he  prejudice  of  the  firit  brother, 
Robert,  who  was  to  be  king;  but  he- 
ng  ablVnt  in  the  holy  wars,  was  ob- 
iged  to  be  content  with  the  duchy  of 
Sonnandy)  being  then  prelentat,  audi 
>rdering  the  funeral  of  King  William 
he  firft,  being  rnformed  of  the  truth 
:hereof  paid  thte  price  of  the  land  and 
tjuritid  his  dead.  ^ 

This  Rol,  or  Roul,  was  the  firti 
lukfc  of  Normandy,  to  whom  the  then 
<ing  of  France  Ctjarles  furnamtd  th^ 
Simple,  marrred  his  daughter  on  hid 
embracing  chriftianity,  and  gave  him 
bat  province,  which hccould  no  longer 
proredt.— *— This  nonliein  hero  mam^ 
tained  fuch  an  impailial  jultice  a^ 
fnongft  his  people,  that  after  his  death, 
^is  name,  being  repeated  by  the  Nor- 
namls,  commanded  immediate  juftice 
to  be  done.  And  even  at  this  day, 
fiec.   176S. 


in  «M  th«  king*8  edi^,  that  chUh  with 
the  privileges  of  this  nation,  there  it 
always  inlerted  this  neceiTary  daufe» 
notwitl^iUiiding  clamour  de  tiaro  and 
Norman  charter. 

The  docQmeHtf  concerning  this  falc, 
and  ceflion  of  land,  mrc  dcpofited  in 
the  archives  of  the  famous  abbey  of  St. 
Sttphen,  which  he  founded  and  richlf 
endowed,  defigning  it  for  the  place  of 
his  burial.  Some  other  autiientick 
writing^  concerning  the  fame  were- 
lodged  in  the  hands  of  bis  pofteiSty  till 
vtty  lately,  when,  by  the  feverity  of 
the  late  perfecutions,  the  proteilantt 
were  obliged  to  deliver  up  their  bibles, 
books,  maAurcripts  of  aH  forts,  &c* 
The^riefts  and  nnroks,  who  had  the* 
infpe^ion  thereof,  and  itad  the  power 
to  condemn  to  the  Aames  thofe  th^y 
thought  ^t,  took  efpecial  care  to  keep, 
to  their  own  ufe,  the  moft  cttriotis* 
amongft  them.  The  family  dreadini^ 
fuch  a  lofs,  intr  afted  thefe  to  a  coUaterad 
bran^,  now  extinA,  and  thefe  writ- 
i4igs  filKng  into  the  hands  of  Roman 
catholicks,  they  have  furrendered 
them  to  the  abbot  and  monks  of  (he 
(aid  abbey,  fa  lateasabout  the  year  17^0. 

Pkafe  toobferve,  thatahho'  this  An- 
(t\m  Fitz  Arthur  ie  ftiled  Armiger  , 
and  Miles,  no  coat  of  arms  b  men- 
tioned, becaufi!  in  thofe  days  none  were 
borne  by  public  authority,  excepting 
nations,  fovereigns  and  princes,  who 
were  diftinguifhed  by  them,  like  the 
Romans,  by  the  Eagle,  the  Wolf,  and 
other  beafts  oF  prey,  the  true  abori- 
gines indeed  of  that  wiUlemefs  wliers 
Rouiulus  and  Remus  eftabliihe^  their 
azyium  for  themfelves,  and  compsu 
nions.  The  fame  I  have  obferved  in 
my  voyage  in  America,  when  retain- 
ed by  Sir  WilHam  Johnfon,  bartr 
and  bciiig  at  the  figning  of  tlie  left 
tfca^y  With  the,  r\<3ni9^  leven  Indiaa 
nations^  thefe  divers  tribes  were  dtf^ 
tinguilhed  by  the  Beaver,  the  Otter* 
the  Bear,  the  Buck,  the  Vulture,  ^e 
Eoglc,  &c.  It  is  eafy  to  obdnvc  the 
fanve  amongft  I  he  "Gtrman  and  Go* 
thick  nations,  cx.  gr.  the  Sicam* 
bn,  who  were  a  very  conitderable  na» 
lion  of  the  Franks,  in  their  con<]uell 
of  the  Gaols,  wore  on  their  ftandard 
frogs  without  nuhiber,  tcftifyiRgthere*- 
by  x\\^it  original,  near  the  condueiiQe 
of  ttre  Rhiue,  and  the  tJrowfied  kii4t 
of  th«  Batavi,  which  without  altering 
4  L  ia 


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€22  Origin  of  Coat •  Armour. 

'  in  the  leaft  their  form,  hue,  or  colour, 
werefince  called  fiovrers  de  luce  without 
number,  and  at  laft  reduced  to  three 
only,  at  at  this  day.  Which,  upon  in- 
fpe^ion  of  a  common  obferver,  will 
appear,  by  no  means,  to  refemble  a 
liily,  or  any  flower  whatever.  They 
are  frogs  leaping  downwards,  not  in 
an  afcending,  but  in  a  defcending  p«- 
Hure. 

The  bearing  coats  of  arms  in  pri- 
vate families,  which  were  arbritary 
before  and  anfwered  no  purpofe  but 
that  of  mere  ornament,  even  from  the 
fabulous  times  of  ^neas  and  Tur- 
nus  *  ;  took  it's  rife  during  the  Holy 
Wars,  fome  time  after  King  William 
the  Firft,  where  every  nobleman  and 
f^ntleman  that  went  to  thefe  deftruc- 
tive  wars,  were  proud  to  (hew  on  their 
return  home,  upon  their  buckler  and 
other  armour  the  undoubted  proofs  of 
their  bravery,  by  the  wounds  received 
in  the  divers  renconters  with  the  infi- 
dels. Hence  the  terms  fo  frequent  in 
heraldry,  of  party,  coupe,  ecartele» 
tranchlf,  taille,  gironee,  &c.  The  arms 
then  in  ufe  being  chiefly  the  bow, 
lance,  fpear,  cyrmitar,  the  two  handed 
fword,  &c.  which  coats  of  arms,  as 
vnow  granted  by  foversigns  only,  nearly 
anfwer  the  purpofes  of  all  the  military 
honours  beftowed  on  the  Roman  legi- 
onaries of  old. 

The  city  of  Caen,  capital  of  lower 
Normandy,  is  built  in  the  country  of 
the  ancient  Catti,  a  German  nation, 
th«  chief  navigators  of  the  river  Rhine, 
therefore  much  fprcad  along  the  fea 
coafl,  from  Cat-wick-opzee,  Cattorura 
Vicus,  the  ancient  port  of  that  river, 
now  choaked  up  with  fand,  and  only 
a  fiihing  village  of  ihe^  low  countries, 
10  Cattorum-burgus,  now  Cabour?, 
on  the  eatt  fide -ot  the  river  Orne,  in 
Lower  Normandy,  and  Cat-hom,  Cat-^ 
faani,  or  Cat  hem,  the  ancient  name 
of  Caen,  Cattorum-pagus,  which, 
(like  the  tower  hamlets)  was  built  for 
protefiion  round  that  part  of  the 
caffle,  now  called  the  dungeon,  which 
was  .bqilt  to  guard  that  famous  pafs 
over  the  river  Orne,  againll  the  incur- 
fions  of  the  Normans,  which  begun 
in  that  country  at  about  the  famf  time, 
Chat  the  nations  of  the  fame  original 
and  pgganifm,  viz.  Saxons  and  Danes 
wtrt  laying  wafte  the  ifland  of  Great 


Pec 


Britain,  but  who,  with  refped  to  their 
different  fituation,  were  generally  and 
very  properly  called  Normans,  by 
the  French.  I  have  feen  the  name  pf 
that  place  fpelt  in  old  writings  Ca-hem» 
then  Cain,  in  two  Syllables,  then  Caen, 
as  h  is  now  wrote,  but  in  order  to 
make  it  agreeable  to  the  French  dia- 
led, they  pronounce,  and  fay,  Can. 
Therefore  Cathomenfls,  Cathamenfis, 
Cathemends  Ager,  and  not  Cadomen* 
fis,  which  conveys  no  meaning.  See 
the  poftfcript. 

But  to  return  i  many  years  after  the 
building  of  this  magnificent  abbcK» 
it*8  courts  and  gardens,  it  was  tbou|ht 
proper  alio  to  enclofe  the  town  with 
ramparts,  it  becoming  a  frontier  place, 
on  which  they  difmantlcd  tbe  abbey 
garden  wall  on  that  fide,  (which  look-^ 
cd  like  a  vaft  fortification  of  itftlf) 
and  ere^led  a  ftately  tower,  and  called 
it,  la  Tour  Chatimoine  to  this  day, 
as  it  were  to  chaftifc  and  curb  tbe 
monks :  and  clofe  to  this  tower  thejr 
built  one  of  the  city  gates,  and  called 
it,  la  Porte  Arthur,  both  tower  and 
gate  dtuated  in  the  parifli  of  St.  Mar- 
tins, which  was  divided  on  this  occa- 
fion,  one  part  being  taken  within,  and 
the  other,  together  with  the  churcb, 
left  without  tbe  rampart,  which  {hewft 
that  the  land  extended  farther  than 
that  part  thereof  which  King  Wil- 
liam wanted  for  the  building  of  hit 
abbey.  « 

Befides  feveral  parcels  of  land  and 
farms,  difperied  here  and  there  in  that 
diflri^,  there  are  two  principal  ones 
belonging  to  the  family,  and  are  at  this 
day  in  the  poiVeflion  of  two  younger 
brothers.  The  one  in  the  village  of 
Ros,  two  league*  weft  of  the  c  ty, 
whofe  then  polkilor  gave  unto  the  ab- 
bey of  Ardennes,  (in  what  age  of  uni- 
verfal  darkncls,  uncertain,  but  tbe 
archive  of  that  abbey  will  declare  |  it 
is  fuppoied  in  the  X4.th  century)  a 
piece  of  land,  whereon  he  creeled  a 
crofs,  and  called  it,  la  Croix  du  Peli- 
crin,  on  conditiv^n  that  the  monks  of 
that  abbey  p?vc  To  much  bread  and 
other  provifiun  to  the  pilgiims  that 
came,  retted,  and  prayed  at  ihat  crollj 
which  was  all  the  religion  at  x\\M  time, 
and  is  continued  at  this  day. — The 
other  it  in  the  parilh  of  Penes,  t^o 
leagues  north  welt  from  the  cit),  bjr 
•— —  Siquitur  pulcbtrrimus  Ajlurt 

tlift 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


J  S-  K  niHS'  ^OJ^  ^^\^] 


Digitized  by  '^ 


1768. 

the  Tea  cbaft,  near  the  briginal  feat  of 
the  ancient  houfe  of  ColviH,  which  is 
ftill  in  Iplendour  in  that  country.  The 
younger  brother  of  that,  and  many 
more  of  the  noWe  houfcs  in  the  pro- 
vince, followed  the  duke  and  his  for- 
tune into  England,  but  none,  or  very 
few  of  the  original  Britons  took  part 
in  the  quarrel,  looking  on  the  Nor- 
mans  on  this  occafion,  with  no  better 
eye,  than  they  did  formerly  on  the 
Saxons  and  Danes,  who  were  avow- 
edly the  invaders  of  their  lands  and 
properties,  whilft  Duke  William,  more 
crafty,  pretended  the  late  king  Ed- 
ward's teftament,  to  colour  his  inva- 
fion,  as  it  clearly  proved  afterwards, 
the  name  of  conquell  remaining  inde- 
libly affixed  to  this,  his  perfedl  right, 
and  (as  he  faid)  legal  fucccflion.— rer- 
haps  this  defpotick  prince  made  choice 
of  this  Kitz  Arthur  to  Ihow  his  re* 
fentment  to  him,  and  through  him,  to 
thofe  of  his  nation,  for  their  negled 
•f  duty  on'this  important  occafion. 

I  will  add  as  a  caroUary  that  Monfr. 
de  Bras,  lord  of  the  manor  of  that 
name,  in  his  book  of  the  Antiquities  of 
Caen  (which  he  wrote  above  two  hun- 
<ircd  years  agoj  a  Roman  catholick,  who 
bad  the  mortification  to  live,  and  fee 
the  mafs  abolilhed  in  Caen  for  twenty 
years  together,  during  the  civil  wars) 
makes  an  honourable  mention  of  the 
family  of  Arthur  upon  alloccafions,  al- 
tho*  they  had  embraced  the  reforma- 
tion before  that  time. — But  who  can 
fufficientiy  tell  of  the  calamites  of  thofe 
wars,  and  of  the  robberies  committed 
by  the  mercenaries  in  both  parties, 
the  monument  of  this  mighty  C9n- 
queror  was  pillaged,  in  fcarch  of  trea- 
furcs,    and    his  duft  fcatiercd  by  the 

winds. This  fepulchre  was  rebuilt 

by  the  monks,  but  notning,  to  com- 
pare to  it's  former  grandeur  and  mag- 
ficcnce. 

Dean-flreet,  Soho.  John  A. 

P.  S.  There  are  many  cities  in  Ger- 
many ending  in,  heim,  as  Manheim, 
Blenheim,  Hildcfheim,  &c :  and  in 
England  in  ham,  as  Southampton, 
Eaitham^  Weftbam,  and  efpecially 
Chatham,  which,  on  account  of  the 
hard  pronounciation  of  (th)  accord- 
ing to  the  French  diale6l,  which  they' 
always  pronounce  (de),  9r)i]  their 
omitting  the  (h)  on  all  occafions,  be- 
in^  no  letter,  but  o^^\y  ah  afpiration. 


Jncienl  Family  of  Arthur. 


63s 


they  fay,  would  alfo  in  lefs  than  a 
century  be  reduced  to  cam,  or  can ; 
it  being  the  fame  name  no  doubt  and 
original  as  that  city  in  Normandy  ;  for 
what  improbability  is  there  in  the.old 
Britons  to  have  called  in,  fome  of  the 
induftrious  people  about  Csitwick-op- 
zee,  their  neighbours,  to  improve  the 
marlhy  lands  about  the  river  Medway, 
in  the  fame  manner  as  the  Dutch  have 
been  called  in  lately,  in  order  to  im- 
prove the  fenny  grounds  in  Norfolk, 
that  part  thereof  being  called  at  this 
day,  little  Holland,  however,  this  will 
account  for  the  French's  pronouncing 
the  Latin  name  of  Caen,  Cadomum. 

Some  will  fay,  how  came  this  an- 
cient family  to  be  thus  neglefted  for 
fo  many  qenturics?  this  may  be  an- 
fwered,  that  they  were  not  in  favour 
with  the  Duke8«f  Normandy  (nor  with, 
the  nation  in  general)  fince  their  (hew- 
ing  fo  little  regard  to  the  a(hes  of  the 
conqueror  of  England,  and  withal 
acquainting  the  world  to  this  day, 
the  motives  of  that  feeming  inconiide- 
rate  a6t  j-for  this  family  were  occafion- 
ally  the  alTertors  of  Gothick  liberty, 
which  the  Norman  nation  enjoyed 
equal  with  the  heed  people  under  ^he 
fun.  They  could  not  be  avowed  by 
the  Britons  in  England,  who  were 
themfelves  under  the  yoke  of  their 
conquerors,  the  Normans;  and  they 
couM  not  expe6t  any  favour  from  the . 
then  reigning  kings  of  England  de- 
fcended  from  William.  When  the 
French  recovered  that  province  this 
Britilhfamily  was  not  known  to  them.— 
During  the  civil  wars,  religionh  irgOg 
they  were  expofed  ^o  many  vexations 
and  perfecutions,  from  the  iirit  dawa 
of  the  reformation  ;  fo  that  it  is  rather 
a'matter  of  ibrpri^e,  that  this  family^ 
the  fa^  and  memory  thereof,  are  not 
abolilhed.  That  fiivour,  indeed,  it 
due  to  authentick  records,  monu- 
ments, and  hiftorians  of,  and  imce 
thofe  times, 

J.  A — r. 

Account  of  Tiflbl's  J^y  on  the  Difeafes 
of  Sedentary  Perf^nf^  &c.  continued 
from  p,  4.56. 

HE  then  accounts  for  the  phren- 
zies,   deliriums,  vigilation,  idi- 
ocy^  apoplexies,   and   other  dilorderf 
of  the  brain,  which  ftudious  perfons 
are  liable  to,  all  which  he  elucidates 
4.  L  a  with 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^34- 


Rimdies  for  Sedentary  Pgrfons. 


with  tnftantet  in  |k>int.  Other  diCor- 
.  dert  hecieUiicei  from  nodurailftudics* 
and  advifet  all  men  of  learning  not  to 
ftudy  by  caadie-light,  but  to  go  to 
bedbetimet  and  rife  early  in  the  morn- 
hng.  The  dircineli  of  too  -tt^A^y  ftu* 
dcAtft,  he  (ays  produces' all  thoJe.  dif- 
orders  whicb  an(e  from  obftruAed  p^- 
fpirattoo,  w&ilft  the  cuftom  of  Tome  in 
deferring  the  going  to  ftool  or  mine, 
caufe  often  grievous  difbrden.  He 
then  enninerates  the  other  complaints 
to  which  fedentary  people  are  fub- 
jedy  gives  the  prcfervatives  to  fuch 
as  are  in  hea  th,  and  for  thofe  who(e 
conltitutions  arc  impaired,  propofetre- 
inedies.  We  ilfiall  digeft  them  into  the 
following  view  without  giving  his  rea- 
foiu  therefor. 

Mind. — To  preferve  it,  let  it  be 
often     unemployed,     and    the    body 
laboitV.— Dedicate  an  hour  or  two  t^t- 
ry  day  to  walking  4  or  ride,  or  ufe  . 
fuchexercifcas  employs  both  the  arms. 

Food. — Avoid  all  fat,  vtfcid  ali- 
ments, all  aliments  puHed  with  wiiid, 
or  hardened  either  by  art  or  nature. 
Pulfe  is  too  flatuleat,  and  to  be  avoid- 
ed at  leaft  in  lar^e  onantitses. — Eat 
the  temier  ftefii'Ot  alt  young  animals, 
(except  fwine  and  geefe)  not  boiled  in 
copious  broth,  but  roafted,  or  boiled  in 
a  fmall  nuanttty  of  water :  fitch  roote, 
as  confilt  of  a  iight  flour,  not  without 
a  mixture  of  fak  of  fu^ar  j  (oft  hef  bs, 
which  are  neither  to  acid  nor  too  emol- 
lient. Fruits,  as  clierries,  ftrawber- 
ries,  raiberries,  goofeberries,  peaches, 
grapes,  pears,  &c.  eat  when  the  iko* 
mach  it  empty,  with  or  without  bread, 
and  long  before,  or  long  after  having 
ckank  wine.  They  are  of  great  •<* 
in  inflammatory  difor^ers  and  flow  fe- 
vers. Soft  boiled  eggs,  well  baked 
bread,  deco^iont  of  bread,  milk, 
(if  it  does  not  grow  acid  on  the  fto- 
mach)  chocolate,  if  not  uled  to  ex- 
ce/s,  and  fimple  food,  either  raw  or 
boiled  is  bed.  A  mild  f^afoning  of 
fak,  (ngar,  cinnamon,  nutmeg,  thyme 
fweet  marjoram,  fennel,  chervil,  is 
good  for  relaxed  nerves.  But  do  not 
ii(t?  them  immoderately. 

Digeltion,  helps  to.  £xa^  mafH- 
cation.  Thre«  aeals  a  day,  one  ibme- 


Dcc 


what  confiderable,  the  ether  two  rather 
eight.  "  Upon  rifiRg  in  a  oaorning, 
a  Hudious  perfon  (houid  drink  a  glait 
of  pure  watery  in  about  an  hour  after 
be  (hould  breakfaft  $  4x  hours  after  he 
pu>ald  dine,  having  paft  one  hour 
in  walkings  after  dinner  he  (hould 
allow  him(elf  an  hour  or  two  of  lei- 
fure,  becaul'e  to  (it  down  to  ftudy  im- 
mediately after  eating  is  highly  per- 
nicious: his  fupper  mould  be  light  § 
for  this,  there  are  reafons  of  the  great- 
e(l  weight,  becaufe,  as  I  oblenred 
before,  Heepoccafions  a  dangerous  ple- 
thora in  the  l>ead  i  therefore  the  full- 
ne(Ji  of  the  ved'els  (hould  not  be  in- 
created  before  deep  by  loo  large  a 
meal  *  :  add  to  this,  that  the  func- 
tions of  the  nerves  are  fufpended  dur- 
ing the  time  of  (leep,  and  th/y  cannot 
perform  digeftion  i  at  laft  a  (oft  and 
refrcihing  dumber  is  produced  by  the 
abfence  of  all  irritation  :  but  if  tba 
ftomach  is  overloaded  with  aliments, 
the  deep  is  interrupted,  as  the  nerves, 
are  continually  aifeded  by  tl>e  irrita- 
tion of  dige(tion.  Hence  a  plentiful 
fupper  caufes  a  heaviuefs  in  the  head^ 
deep' is  didurbed,  digeftion  interrupt- 
ed, the  ftren^th  impaired,  and  the. 
health  entirely  dedroyed. 

Not  to  fup  at  all,  however,  ia  dan- 
gerous i  for  the  nerves  of  the  learned 
are  moveable,  and  ta{ily  irritated  ^ 
and  if  tlie  cb>le  is  aot  (boa  renewed 
by  a  fupply  of  new  aliments,  foch  is 
the  acrunony  of  the  blood,  already 
often  fubdued  by  the  drength  of  the 
vifcerti,  that  it  is  an  irritation  of  tba 
nerves,  which  totally  deHrovsthe  deep. 
The  example  of  Auguitus  Caefar  who 
was  very  moderate  in  eating,  is  vciy 
properly  propofed  to  the  learned,  as  is 
likewife  tJiat  of  the  illuitnous  Lewis 
Cornaro,  who  reftored  his  ruined 
health  by  a  regular  diet  alone  ^  and 
eating  but  the  fourth  part  of  the  quan- 
tity of  victuals  eaten  by  bis  fellow  ci- 
tizens, lived  to  an  advanced  age,  vi- 
gorous and  chearfuL  Long  fince  Bar* 
tholus,  one  of  the  moft  eminent  law* 
yers,  and  a  man  well  verfed  in  polite 
literature,  reduced  the  q^iantity  of 
his  foO|d  and  liquor  to  a  certain  weight, 
and  by  tliat  means  preferved  his  inteU 


^  Many  pbanofnena  tr$ve  this  pUtbora ;  and  it  is  njinctd  by  afimpU  ^hfcr^uuiom^ 
tmd  one  that  occurs  daityt  'vise,  by  tbofe  convuljions* of  tbt  Icnutr  joRV  b^^  fkvhi<h 
caufe  a  c^ijiou  oftbetietb  injltef^  oHdtbat  TMnfirongly  is  bajfs  isfkcm  tbiy  bvnn  tmi 
a  btarty  /upper, 

uauai 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Warm  Liquors  pernicious  S^g 

^luring  the  whole  ders.  Nor  is  it  to  be  wondered  at,  if 
warm  beverages  are  more  hurtful  to 
Hudious  men,  who  are  naturally  weak 
and  feeble,  than  to  othert  i  for  they 
are  not  crumbled  with  an  over  thtck» 
but,  on  the  contrary,  with  too  thin  a 
blood.  Vou  are  well  aware,  refjpec- 
table  auditors,  that  the  denfuy  ot  the 
blood  is  as  the  motion  of  the  folids  s 
the  fibres  of  the  learned  are  relaxed* 
their  nK>tions  are  flow,  and  their  blood 
of  confequence  thin.  Bleed  a  plough- 
man and  a  dofior  at  the  fame  time : 
from  the  6rft  there  will  flow  a  thick 
blood  )  refemUing  inflammatory  bloody 
almoft  foUd,  and  of  a  deep  red ;  the 
blood  of  the  fecond  will  be  either  of  a 
faint  red,  or  without  any  colour,  foft, 
gelatinous,  and  will  almolt  entirely 
turn  to  water.  Your  blood  therefore, 
men  of  learning,  fliould  not  be  dif- 
folved,  but  brought  to  a  confiftence  } 
and  you  fliould  in  general  be  moderate 
in  the  article  of  drinking,  and  caiiti* 
oufly  avoid  warm  liquors. 

Aroongft  the  favourite  beverages  of 
the  learned,  tlie  worft  is  the  infiiiion 
of  that  famous  leaf^  fo  well  known  by 
the  name  of  tea,  which,  to  our  great 
detriment,  has  t^try  year,  for  thefe 
two  centuries  paft,  been  conltantly  im- 
ported from  China  and  Japan.  This 
moft  pernicious  gift  firil  deftroys  the 
ftren^th  of  the  ftomach,  and,  if  it  be 
not  foon  laid  afide,  eauatly  deftroyi 
that  of  the  vifcera,  the  blood,  the 
nerves,  and  of  the  whole  body;  fo 
that  malignant  and  all  chronical  dif- 
orders  will  appear'  to  increafe,  efpeci- 
ally  nervous  diforders,  in  proporiioa 
as  the  ufe  of  tea  becomes  common  : 
and  you  may  eafily  form  a  judgment 
from  the  difeafes  that  prevail  in  every 
country,  whether  the  inhabitants  of  it 
are  lovers  of  tea,  or  the  contrary.  How 
happy  would  it  be  for  Europe,  if  by 
unanimous  confent  the  ipiportation  of 
this  inUmous  leaf  were  prohibited, 
which  is  endued  only  with  a  eorrofive 
force,  derived  from  the  acrimony  of 
the  gum  with  which  it  is  pregnant  t 
for  experience  (liews,  that  what  it  has 
of  an  aflriogent  principle  is  loft  in  the 
warm  water.  (Sec  p.  297.) 

I  will  not  pafs  the  fame  cenfure. 
though  I  mud  pais  fome  cenfure,  upon 


1768. 

iedual    facdtiea 

courfe  of  his  life  •.  A  regular  diet  is  ca- 
pable of  eflPeftingevery  thing:  itudious 
men,  however,  whUfi  they  take  care  of 
their  health,  ought  not  to  forget,  that  a 
man,  who  is  well,  fliould  not  fo  con- 
fine himfeif  to  rules,  as  not  to  break 
through  them,  when  he  thinks  proper: 
for  a  conftant  habit  is  real  flavery  : 
ind  I  have  known  fevera)  learned  and 
iludiotis  men,  who  were  fo  fcrupulous 
with  re^ai'd  to  their  hours  of  caring 
and  gpmg  to  bed,  that  their  minds 
feemed  to  be  chained  to  th^ir  bodies, 
which  is  the  moft  fliameful  fort 
of  fervitudet  nor  can  he  be  faid 
to  be  either  a  lover  of  virtue  or 
of  learning,,  who  connot  purfue  his. 
liudies  if  he  be  oblijged  to  wait  a  little 
longer  than  ufual  for  his  meals,  if  he 
has  not  flept  quite  enough,  or  if  tlie 
air  be  too  hot  or  too  cold. 

I  have  hitherto  fpoke  only  of  fo- 
lid  food  i  liquors  are  not  to  be  for- 
gotten. In  the  lad  age  a  grievous  er- 
ror crept  into  phyfic,  that  health  is 
the  better,  the  more  fluid  the  blood 
is}  and  by  tlie  advice  of  fiontekoe 
chiefly,  a  pernicious  cuflom  prevailed 
ofdnnking  warm  liquors  both  night 
and  day,  whereby  the  human  fpecies 
hasgreatlyfufifered,andthofeofthepre- 
Tent  age  forely  lament  the  injury  which 
their  forefathers  fuftained  in  the  laft,  by 
impairing  the  ftrength  of  their  nerves. 

Grave  authors,  who  knew  better, 
and  chiefly  the  illuRrious  Duncan, 
with  Boerhaave,  and  the  whole  fchool 
of  Leyden,  have  profcribed  this  error  ^ 
ind,  if  they  have  not  reformed  the 
ibufe,  have  at  lead  greatly  checked  it. 
But  mod  valetudinarians  dill  lie  Cinder 
:he  fame  prepofT^iFion,  and,  looking 
jpon  an  over  thick  blood  as  the  fource 
>f  their  diforder,  have  recourfe  to 
warm  beverages,  which  others  reject, 
't  can  fcarce  be  believed,  how  many 
liforders  proceed  from  this  fource  : 
ind  I  will  take  upon  me  to  aflert,  that 
hofe  pernicious  bowls,  overflowing 
v'ith  warm  liquors,  are  the  true  box  of 
'andora,  without  even  hope  remain- 
ng  at  the  bottom  5  for  they  are  pro- 
ibc  fources  of  hypochrondriac  melan- 
iioly,  whichyboth  adds  drength  to 
nd  is  itfclf  one  of  the  word  of  difor- 


It  ijuas  jufth  obfer'vtdby  Theopbrajiust  tbai  to  eat  much,  and  to  live  upon  JU/h^ 
tpri'ves  mra  o/tbeir  rcaJoH^  bluuij  tbi  facuitiis  of  thiir  minds,  and  renders  tbem 


uUaeidJiupid, 


that 


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636 


Uses  of  Wines. 


DeCl 


that  celebrated  beverage  coflTcc,  which 
both  hurts  by  the  pOAcr  of  the  warm 
v/atcr,  and  by  irritating  ;  for  nature 
cannot  ufc  iifeff  to  irritation  without 
fulTcring.      It  is    however    rendered 


great  a  quantity  of  blood  from  bnng 
gatherecf  in  the  head.  What  wonder 
is  it  then  if  it  increafeft  the  inteUef^ual 
powers,  and  if  thofe  who  dnnk  water 
alone  have  a  more  tenacious  roemory^ 


poweriul  by  a  nutritious  flour,  and  by     a  more  livdy  imagination,  and  quick 


a  bitter  and  ftrengthcning  aromatic 
oil  i  fo  ihat  it  may  well  be  laid  up  m 
aporhecaiics  fliopsasan  ufcful  remedy, 
but  ir  improperly  ufcd  in  kitchens  as 
part  of  our  daily  food.  It  raifes  the 
fpirits,  cales  the  ftomach  when  loaded 
with  phlegm,  cures  the  hcad-ach, 
caufes  a  cbearfulnefs  of  mind,  and,  if 
we  may  believe  fonie  people,  increafes 
its  penetration  j  for  which  reafon  the 
learned  are  fo  fond  of  it.  But  was 
coffee  ufed  by  Homer,  Thucydides, 
Plato,  Xenophon,  Lucretius,  Yirg»ii 
CviJ,  Horace,  Petronius,  and  the 
other  great  men  of  antiquity,  who  as 
fiiuch  excelled  us  in  genius,  as  we  fur- 
pals  them  in  experience  and  know- 
ledge of  nature.  , 

Warm  liquors  being  therefore  |Ult- 
ly  fet  aiide,  cold  water  (hould  be  ufed, 
which  has  as  much  power  in  ftrength- 
cning as  the  former  in  weakening  the 
body.  r  r 

Wine  deferves  its  Iharc  of  prJiiie; 
but  I  have  the  fame  opinion  concern- 
In^  wine,  with  refpeft  to  the  fearned, 
that  I  have  in  regard  to  coffee,  that  it 
fliould  be  ufed  as  a  remedy,  and  not 
as  a  drink.  The  Creator  gave  pure 
water  as  theunivcrfai  drink,  which  he 
made  a  menftruum  to  all  forts  of  food, 
and  agreeable  to  all  palates  :  it  fhould 
be  chofen  cold,  -foft,  and  mild  j  for  it 
both  ftrengihens  and  cleanfes  the  vif- 
cera.  Hence  it  has  been  generally 
looked  upon  as  a  panacea  both  by  the 
Greeks  and  Romans,  and  it  is  the  belt 
of  remedies  when  drynefs  prevail?,  or 
*  ile  or  acidity  are  in  too  great  quan- 
tity *.  Digcllion  will  be  more  eafy, 
ilcep  fweerer,  the  head  fJdomer  cloud- 
ed, and  the  ftrength  greater,  if,  laying 
afide  wine,  we  quench  our  thirft  with 
pure  water  alone. 

Wine  h3S  one  fault  that  renders  it 
exceeding  hurtful  to  the  learned  j  it 
forces  the  blood  into  the  brain,  and 
increaff.s  the  feveral  diforders  thereof, 
he.ad  achs,  megrim,  and  the  like, 
which  are  hardly  to  be  cured  without 
Uying  afide  the  ufe  of  wine :  all  thefe 
diforders  are  wonderfully  removed  by 
drinking   water,    which  .prevents  too 


er  perceptions  than  others.  The  ab- 
ftemioufnefs  of  Demoftbenes  is  a  great 
example  in  favour  of  drinking  water, 
which  has  likewife  this  virtue,  it  in  a 
furprifmg  manner  fubdues  thofe  ca- 
tarrhs with  which  the  learned  are  fi» 
often  troubled,  and  which  the  ufe  of 
wine  is  apt  to  incrcafe.  They  iiavc 
often  acid  eruftations  ;  but  w»nc  ftiar- 
pens  an  acidity,  water  dulls  it. 

I  will  folemnly  own,  that  I  bare 
cured  more  nervous  diforders,  (and 
learned  men  are  generally  troubled 
with  fuch)  by  retrenching  the  quantity 
of  liquor,  forbidding  all  warm  beve- 
rages, as  well  as  wine,  and  recom- 
raendinf  exercife,  than  by  any  other  re- 
medies. Norfhould  the  dangerofleavinf 
off  what  people  have  been  ufcd  to,  be 
alledged,  there  is  ho  fuch  dangers 
or,  if  there  be,  it  is  eafily  avoided  by 
a,  gradual  difufe. 

But  take  notice,  if  fbmetimea  the 
too  great  laxity  of  tl?e  ftomach,  the 
great  weaknefs  of  the  body,  and  the 
depre/Iion  of  the  fpirits  require  a  re- 
medy to  brace,  to  ftrengthen,  to  ex- 
cite, to  exhilarate  ;  wine  is  the  moll 
proper.  In  vain  would'  you  fetk  a 
more  expeditious  and  agreeable  inedi- 
cine  than  this  through  the  three  king- 
doms of  nature  :  But  let  it  be  generous 
and  fmooth,  and  fuch  as  may  vie  with 
Falernianwinei 

But  avoid  thofe  fmall  wines  which 
have  lefs  of  the  nature  of  wine  than 
vinegar,  and  rather  irritate  than 
ftrengthen.  Remember  that  wine  is 
an  antidote  againft  the  mifcriesof  life, 
and  the  tedioufnefsof  idlenefsj  cares  are 
banifhed  by  wine,  whilft  the  xeafon  it 
intoxicated  ;  But  does  fuch  a  drink  be- 
come the  learned  ?  And  this  pats  me 
in  mind  of  another  fort  of  intoxication, 
I  mean  that  caufed  by  fmoaking  to- 
bacco, which  abounds  with  an  acrimo- 
nious fait  and  fulphur,  together  with 
a  narcotic  oil.  I  have  elfcwhere  en- 
larged upon  the  folly  of  linking ;  here 
I  'Ihall  add  more  concifely,  that  the 
narcotic  principle  hurts  the  ftomacb, 
caufes  a  ftu fling  tip  of  the  head,  head- 
achs,  vertigos,  anxiety,  letfiargy,  apo- 

pl«xy» 
•  Bcerbative  pr¥ft€^.  torn,  vii^p:  340, 


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1768.  TOBACCOC 

plexy,  and  fina%  all  the  effedls  of 
dpium,  as  the  great  Lord  Bacon  has 
obfcrvcd.  **  Tobacco,  fays  he,  the 
ufe  of  which  herb  has  greatly  pre- 
vailed in  the  prefent  age,  is  a  fpeci^s 
of  henbane:  it  is  evident  that  it  dif- 
turbs  the  head  like  opiates."  Therefore 
young  men,  avoid  a  dirty  pleafure, 
equally  injurious  both  to  your  health 
and  your  i^udies,  ai^d  which  /hould  be 
left  to  thofe  <vho  have  rccourfe  to  it 
for  the  killing  of  time.  The  mufes  fly 
thofe  ftudies  that  fmell  like  a  itable, 
and  delight  in  a  purer  air  5  for  one 
of  the  chief  fources  of  health  or  fick- 
nefs  is  the  air  which  environs  us,  in 
which  we  live,  and  by  which  not 
only  our  bodies  are  afFefted,  but 
whofe  power  our  very  minds  expe- 
rience." 

Air.  It  fliould  be  pure,  warm, 
and  dry  j  a  frigid  and  dry  air  is  fup- 
portable  :  A  nioift  air  is  highly  perni- 
cious 5  for  it  increafes  laxity,  ftops 
perfpiration,  and  occafions  catarrhs, 
pains,  and  palfies.  Live  in  a  light- 
fome  houfe,  an  high  apartment,  re- 
freftied  by  a  breeze  in  fummer,  and 
enlightened  by  the  fun  in  winter.  Let 
frefh.  air  into  the  chamber  every  dav, 
cool  it  in  fummer,  and  do  not  keep  it 
too  warm  in  winter.  Particularly 
;<ivoid  cold  in  the  feet,  walh  your  ears, 
and  whole  head,  hair  and  all,'  every 
morning  in  cold  water. 

Sleep.  Do  not  indulge  in  it  afty 
dinner;  but  if  it  lleala  upon  you  un- 
bind all  your  ligatures. 

Confumptions  and  other  decays. 
Leave  off  ftudy,  and  fly  to  country 
pleafures.  Drink  generous  wines,  if 
th«  lungs  are  (till  unaffedted,  eat  whole- 
Pome  meats,  and  well-boiled  aliments, 
md  milk,  if  the  ftomach  will  bear  it. 
Ride,  and  purge  away  the  peccant 
natter,  by  fome  gentle,  ftrengthening 
■emedy.  Rhubarb,  aloes,  are  proper 
or  that  purpofe  j  but  purges  too  fre- 
quently ufed  are  dangerous.  Peruvian 
>ark  is  an  excellent  remedy. 

In  this  cafe  there  is  not  a  better  re- 
nedy ;  it  reftores  digcftion,  flrcngth- 
ns  the  vefTels,  corapreA'es  the  fluids, 
)romote8  fe^rctions,  and,  above  all, 
»erfpii-ation,  repairs  theftrength  ofthe 
iervc«,  and  quells  falfe  motions.  One 
'f  our  motl  eminent  geometricians 
oon  repaired  his  wafted'  powers  by  a 
ic^t  draught  of  thi;  deC'^(^ion  ot  kin- 


ENSURED.  637 

kina,  which  he  had  conftantly  by  hit 
fide.^* 

Hyfteric  fymptoms,  attended  with  a 
vertigo,  fainting  fits,  fufFocatidn,  and 
anxiety.  Ufe  bitters,  ferulacious 
gums,  myrrii,  fteel,  and  the  cold  bath. 
Ufe  fridion  with  a  coarfe  cloth  or  flefh- 
brulli.  Ufe  chalybeate  waters,  at  the 
fountain  head.  Bleeding  to  be  ufed 
fparingly. 

After  all  the  doQ^or  gives,  in  a  few 
words,  the  grand  arcanum  ofthe  art  of 
preferving  health.  "  Chearfulnefs  of 
temper  is  the  fource  of  health,  and  a 
virtuous  life  is  the  fource  of  "chearful- 
nefs :  a  good  confcience,  a  mind  pure 
and  clear  of  all  contagion,  are  the 
beft  prefervatives  of  health  j  and  if  the 
learned  were  without  them,  it  would  be 
a  fliame :  for  of  what  ufe  is  learning 
without  wifdom  T" 

ExtraSi  from    Doflie's    Memoirs    of 
Agriculture. 

The  ivay  of  djin^  Leath^  Red  and  Tel- 
lo-iVt  as  praSfifed  in  the  Eaft^  for  that 
kind  called  Turkey  Leather^  by  Mr, 
Philippo,  an  Afiatic  j  for  <ivhicb  he 
received  a  Renvard  of  100/.  from  the 
Society  of  Arts^  &c,  and  afierfwards 
'  their  Gold  Medal, 

•^    'T^  H  E   firft   preparation   of    tbt 
X    fkins,    both  for  the  red  and 
yellow  dyes. 

Let  the  ikins  dryed  with  the  hair  oa 
be  fird  laid  to  fuak  in  clean  water 
three  days.  Let  them  be  broken  over 
the  fleih  fide,  and  put  into  frefh  water 
for  two  days  more,  then  hung  10  drain, 
half  an  hour.  Let  them  now  be  broken 
again  on  the  fltlli  (ide,  limed  with  cold 
lime  on  the  fame  fide,  and  doubled  to- 
gether witli  the  grain  file  outward. 
Thus  they  muft  be  hungj  within  doors 
on  a  frame  five  or  fix  days,  Uill  the 
huir  be  loofe,  which  muft  then^  be 
taken  ofF>  and  the  fkins  returned  into 
the  lime-pit  for  three^  weeks.  Take 
them  then  out,  and  work  them  well, 
fiefli  and  grain  every  fixth  or  feventh 
day  during  that  time  ;  after  which 
wafli  them  ten  times  in  clean  water, 
changing  it  at  each  wafhing.  They 
are  next  to  be  prepared  and  drenched 
as  follows. 

2.  Second  preparation  of  the  iklns 
for  both  the  dyes. 

After  fc^uceziitg  the  water  out  of  'he. 

(kiiis. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6j8 


Preparation «?/ Turkey  Leatbtr. 


Dec 


icins,  pot  them  into  a  mixture  of  bran 
and  water  new  milk  warm,  in  this  pro- 
portion, viz.  three  pounds  of  bran  for 
live  ikins,  with  about  a  gallon  of  water 
to  each  pound  of  bran.  Here  drench 
tbem  three  days ;  at  the  end  of  which 
work  them  well,  and  then  return  them 
into  the  drench  two  days  longer,  after 
which  take  them  out  and  rub  them  be- 
tween the  hands:  fqueeze  out  the  water^ 
and  fcrape  the  bran  clean  of)*  from  both 
fides,  and  then  wafh  them  again  ten 
times  in  clean  water,  and  fqueeaie  the 
water  out.  Thiis  far  preparatory  to 
both  colours ;  but  afterwards  thofe  that 
are  to  be  red  muft  be  treated  at  follows. 

1.  Preparations  in  hdfiey  and  bran. 

Mix  one  pound  of  honey  with  three 
pints  Of  luke  warm  water  and  ftir  them 
well  till  the  honey  be  diflblved.  Thert 
add  two  double  handfuls  of  bran  \  and 
taking  four  (kins  (for  which  this  quan- 
tity wiH  fuffice^  work  them  well  in  it 
feparately.  Then  fold  each  feparately 
into  a  round  form,  the  fiefh  fide  out- 
ward, and  laj  them  in  an  earthen  pan, 
fide  by  fide,  m  fummer,  and  in  winter 
on  top  of  each  other.  Place  the  pan 
flopiag  that  the  fluid  may  rui^  fponta- 
oeoufly  from  them.  An  acid  fermen- 
tation will  then  arife  in  the  liquor, 
and  the  (kins  will  fwell  confiderably. 
Thus  let  them  continue  (^ven  or  eight 
days,  but  the  draining  moifture  muft 
be  poured  off  once  or  twice  a  day  5  af- 
ter which  the  next  preparation  will  be 
necefl^ry. 

4.  Preparations  in  (ilt. 

After  the  latl:  mentioned  fermenta- 
tion, take  the  (kins  out  on  the  ninth 
or  tenth  day,  and  rub  them  well  with 
dry  common  fait,  about  half  a  pound 
to  each,  which  mult  be  well  worked 
into  them.  Then  they  will  contraft 
again,  and  part  with  a  confiderable 
further  quantity  of  liquid,  which 
fqueeze  but  by  drawing  each  through 
the  hands.  Next  fcrape  them  clean  on 
both  fides  ;  after  which  (trefy  dry  fait 
over  the  grain  fides  and  rubbed  well- 
Then  double  them  length- wife,  from 
tail  to  tail,  the  flc(h  fide  outward,  and 
ftrcw  more  fait  thinly  on  the  flcih  fide, 
rubbing  it  in.  For  which  two  ta(^  ope- 
rations a  pound  and  half  may  fufiice  to 


each  (kin.  Then  put  there,  folded  oa 
each  other,  between  two  dean  boards» 
placed  Hoping  breadth wife^  and  a  hea- 
vy weight  lara  on  the  upper  board,  in 
order  gradually  to  prefs  out  the  moif- 
ture  they  will  thus  part  with.  Tbey 
Should  be  continued  10  prefTed  two  days 
or  longer,  when  they  wifl  be  duel/ 
prepared  for  dying. 

5.  Preparation  of  the  red  dyt^  in 
the  proportion  for  four  (kins,  and  the 
manner  of  applving  it  to  the  (kins. 

To  eight  gallons  of  water  in  a  cop- 
per, put  feven  ounces  of  Sbenan  *  tied 
up  in  a  linnen  bag.  Light  the  fire, 
and  when  the  water  has  boiled  a 
quarter  of  an  hour,  take  out  the  bag, 
and  put  into  the  water  ItiTI  boiling  two 
drams  of  alum,  three  quarters  of  an 
ounce  of  turmeric,  three  punces  of  co- 
chineal, and  two  ounces  of  (paf  fugar. 
Then  let  the  whole  boil  fix  minotet 
longer. 

Put  two  pints  of  this  liqtior  into  a 
fiat  earthef)  pan;  and  when  cool  as 
new  milk,  take  one  (kin  folded  length* 
wi(fe,  grain  fide  outward,  and  dip  it  in 
the  liqVior,  rubbing  it  gently  with  the 
hands,  then  take  it  out  and  bans  it 
to  dry.  Proceed  thus  with  the  reft  of 
the  flcins  feparately,  eight  times  before 
each  freih  dlppihg,  fqueezing  them  by 
drawing  through  the  hand.  Then 
lay  them  on  one  {\dt  of  a  large  floping 
pan  for  as  much  of  the  water  to  drain 
at  may  be  without  prefTufe  in  two 
hours,  or  till  cold. 

6.  Oftanning  the  red  (kins. 
Powder  four  pounds  of  fine  whita 

galls  in  a  marble  mortar,  fift  them 
fine,  and  mix  them  in  three  quarts  pf 
water.  Work  the  (kins  well  in  this 
mixture  half  an  hour  or  more  j  then 
folding  them  fourfold,  let  them  ly^  in 
it  twenty-four  hours ;  then  work  ihem 
again  as  before ;  when  taken  out*  and 
fcrap^d  clean  on  both  fides,  pot  them 
into  the  like  quantity  of  freih  galls  and 
water.  Work  them  here  agiin  three 
quarters  of  an  hour,  fold  them  up  at 
before,  and  leave  them  in  this  frelb  tan 
three  days.  On  the  fourth,  take  them 
out  a|^ain,  wa(h  them  dean  from  the 
galls  m  feven  or  eight  waters,  and 
hang  them  up  to  dry. 


•  Sbenan  is  an  eafiem  drug  for  dyings  eajy  to  be  procured  alt  am  tf  the  forts  tf 
Afia^  Africa  f  or  tbe  Ley  ant.  It  is  ibe  jointed  Kait\  by  botanifts  caUid  ^eUcmrnia^  of 
nubicb  'we  bOrve  a  iejtr /pedes  in  Lincotnjiiri,  but  of  inferior  <jaahty^  niifbicb  yet  fer» 
httfs  nuy  be  oiving  to  fome  unattended  circumftance  in  tke  coUeding* 

4  7.  Manner 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768, 


Extfa5i  from  Nugent'j  Travels. 


639 


7.  Manner  of  diefllng  the  red-lkins 
ifter  tannipg. 

When  near  dry  fcrape  them  \^ith  a 
proper  fcrapcr,  on  the  flefli  fide,  to  a 
equlfite  thicknefs.  Lay  them  on  a 
mobth  board,  and  glaze  them  with  a 
leck-llone.  After  this,  rub  them 
Kith  olive  oil,  and  linen  rag,  an  ouhce 
md  half  of  oil  to  four'  ikins  5  then 
strain  them  on  the  graining  board, 
engthwife,  breadthwi^^  andcrofswife 
"rem  corner  to  corner* 

8.  Preparation  with  galls  of  the 
kins  for  the  yellow  dye. 

When  the  four  fkins  .are  taken  out 
3f  the  bran  drenched  and  clean  wafhed 
IS  before  direfled,  Art.  id.  work  them 
/ery  well  h^lf  an  hour  more,  in  a  mix- 
rure  of  one  pound  and  htilf  offine  white 
yvell  powdered  galls,  with  two  quarts 
3f  clean  water.  The  fkins  are  then  to 
)e  feparately  doubled  length  wife,  roll- 
ed up  the  flefh  fide  outward,  laid  in 
the  mixture,'  and  clofe  prefTed  down  on 
Jach  other,  fo  to  continue  two  days, 
the  third  day  work  them  well  again  in 
ihetan,  and  afterwards  fcrape  them 
:lean  from  the  galls  with  an  ivory  or 
tjrafs  fcraper,  but  not  an  iron  one.  ' 
Put  them  again  into  a  frefh  tan,  made 
jf  two  poOnds  of  galls  with  three 
quarts  of  water,  and  work  tJiem  well  in 
t  fifteen  times.  After  this  double  and 
•oil  them  up  as  before,  and  lay  them 
n  the  fecond  tan  two  days ;  on  the 
ihird,  work  a  quarter  of  a  pound  of 
«rhit©  fea-falt  Into  each  fkin,  and  dou- 
ble and  roll  them  up  as  before  to  be 
returned  into  the  tan  till  the  day  fol- 
owing,  when  they  muft  be  taktn  out 
md  well  wafhed  fix  times  in  cold  wa- 
:er,  and  four  times  in  luke-warm. 
Squeeze  the  water  by  keeping  the  (kins 
jndcr  preflure  between  boards  half  an 
fiour  with  two  or  three  hundred  pounds 
wfight  on  the  upper  board,  then  they 
will  be  ready  for  the  dye. 

9.  Preparation  and  application  of 
Lhe  yellow  dye  for  four  fkins. 

Mix  fix  ounces  of  Caffiari  Gehira, 
M*  Dg*ehira  •  with  the  fame  quantity 
pf  allura,  and  pound  them  together 
till  fine,"  in  a  marble  mortar  with  a 
brafs'peftle.  Thus  powdered,  divide 
them  into  three  equal  parts,    one  of 


which  put  into  a  pint  and  jialf  of  hot 
Water  in  an  earthen  vefl'el  and  flir  the 
mixture. 

Let  the  boiled  fluid  cool  till  the  hand 
can  bear  it.  Then  fpread  one  of  the 
ikins  on  a  fiat  table  in  a  warm  room, 
the  grain  fide  upward;  and  pour  a 
quarterof  the  tinging  liquor,  prepared 
as  here  diredVed  over  the  grain  fide 
fpreading  it  equally  over  the  (kin  with 
the  hands,  and  rubbing  it  well  in. 
Do  ^he  like  with  the  other  three  ficins, 
for  which  the  mixture  firll  made  will 
fuffice. 

Then  repeat  the  Operation  twice 
more  feparately  on  each  Ikin,  with 
the  remaining  eight  ounces  of  powder 
Of  berries  and  alum,  with  the  afore- 
faid  proportions  of  hot  water  put  to 
them  as  before.  ^ 

Hang  the  fkins  when  dyed,  upon  a 
wooden  frame,  the  grain  fiJe  outwards, 
without  folding,  and  ^ let  them  drain 
three  quarters  of  an  hour,  then  wa(h 
them  fix  times,  or  more,  in  a  running 
ftream  i  which  done,  prefstliem  about 
an  hour  to  fqueeze  out  the  moilture, 
and  hang  them  up  to  dry  in  a  warm 
room 

Lafily,  "dr'^fs,  and  grain  them,  as 
directed  far  the  red  ones  j  except  that 
thefe  muft  not  be  oiled. 

To  tbi  AUTHOR  of  the   LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 

S  T  R,  Nov.  21,  176?. 

AVI  NG  lately  read  with   plca- 

fure  the   following  pirngraph  iu 

Dr,  Nugent" J  Tra-vch  thro''  Germany^  p-. 
11,  az,  relative  to  the  fubjeit  you  have 
fo  often,  at  my  requefi,  reconi mended 
to  the  puhlick  attention,  I  hope  you 
will  be  fb  good  as  to  inlert  it  in  your  > 
next. 

**  In  rhe  neighbourhood  of  Gluck- 
ftadt  is  a  fort  or  prifon  where  malefac- 
tors from  fcveral  parts  of  the  Danifh 
dominions  are  obliged  to  attone  for 
their  crimes  by  hard  Libour.  Some 
kre  condemned  for  life,  and  others  for 
a  limited  time.  This  Teems  to  have 
been  borrowed  from  the  Romans  whoN 
had  their  damnate  ad  metnlla^  or  cri- 
minals condemned  to  work  in  the  mines. 
The  Danes  have  a  proveib,  that  a  dead 


H 


•  Caffiari  Gehira  is  the  berries  of  an  Eaflern  buckthorn  trecy  and  fr.ay  k:  had  at 
AlfppOf  or  other  ports  of  the  LenfAnt^  at  a  [wall  pnci>,  hj  the  fan'te  mtnns  as  the  She- 
nan.  ^he  common  Avignon  b^rries^  or  ydlo'W  berries,  may  be  Jubjittuted,  but  not 
Kvilhfo  good  effeii, 

DtQ,  1768,  4  M  man 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


640 


Of  proforticnal  Punijhments. 


iriMi  is  good  for  nothing :  and  that  it 
is  much  more  adviteable  to  reap  fom^ 
benefit  from  malefa^Vors  than  to  de- 
prive them  of  life,  Henc^  fome  afe 
employed  on  the  fortification t^  othersi 
ts  I  have  been  told,  on  the  high  roads, 
and  others  in  cleanfing  the  ftreett* 
Stich  a  plan  of  punfflnng  dermqiietttf 
has  been  propofed  in  England  as  a  more 
effednal  method  of  preventing  enor- 
mous crimes  than  tranfportation  or 
liansing  \  yet  it  has  been  rejected  as  in- 
eonnftent  with  the  conflitution  of  a  fre^ 
country.  But  why  it  fliould  be  any 
objection  amongft  a  free  people  to  de 
prive  thofe  of  their  libertv  who  by  the 
laws  have  forfeited  their  lives,  is  whu 

J  never  coold  comprehend.  The 
ght  of  criminals  employed  in  ufeful 
labour  is  not  (b  (hocking  as  that  of  ma- 
lefa6lors  moving  in  proceffion  to  Ty- 
burn :  And  I  make  no  doubt  but  it 
would  be  productive  of  a  better  efFeCk, 
as  it  would  imprint  a  greater  terror  oa 
thole  whom  idleneis  and  averHon  to 
labour  generally  prompt  to  vitiouf 
courfes." 

Give  me  leave  to  add  the  foUowing 
cxtra^s  from  a  celebrated  writer, 
whofe  reflexions  on  proportional  pu- 
niihments  are,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
Monthly  Reviewers,  truly  excellent. 
•  "  Tlie  prior  of  •  •  •  from  whom 
two  of  his  domcftick  fervants  in  the 
country  hadftolentwo  mcafurcs  of  corn, 
has  juft  had  the  two  delinquents 
banged.  This  execution  coft  him 
more  than  all  his  harveft  hath  been 
v^orth  to  him  ;  and  fmce  that  time  he 
bath  not  been  able  to  get  a  fervant/' 

If  the  law  had-ordained  that  fuch  a» 
ftole  their  mafter^s  corn  fhpuld  work  i» 
his  grounds  for  their  livfcs  in  fetters^ 
and  with  a  belt  at  their  neck  lixed  to 
a  collar,  the  prior  would' have  been  a 
coniiderable  gainer  by  it. 

**  Tcrrorfliould  be  prcventatively  em- 
ployed  again (t  crimes.'*    Verv  true  ^ 
but  work  on  compulsion  and  lafting 
(hame  ftrike  more  terror  than  the  gaU 
>  lows. 

There  was  fome  months  9go,  at 
London,  a  malefactor  who  had  been 
condemned  to  be  tranfported  to  Ame- 
rica to  work  there  at  the  fugar  works 
with  the  negroes.  In  England  any 
criminal,  as  in  many  other  countries, 
*  may  get  a  petition  prefented  to  the 
kingf  cither  to  cbuin  %  free  pardon^ 


Dec- 
or a  mitigation  of  the  ientenee.  This 
one  prefented  a  petition  to  be  hanged, 
alledging  that.he  mortally  hated  work, 
and  that  he  bad  rather  bear  ftrangliM 
for  a  minuce,  than  to  make  fugar  att 
bis  l»fe-time. 

Others  may  think  otherwife  t  twtxf 
one  to  his  tafte  $  but  it  ba^beca  alrea- 
dy faid,  and  cannot  be  too  often  re- 
peated, thdit  a  man  banged  is  good  far  wt^ 
thingf  and  t)^  poniftunenta  ought  19 
bt  ufeful* 

Some  yean  a^d  in  Tartary,  two 
young  men  wf^re  condemned  to  be  im- 
paled for  having  (withocic  taJdng^  off 
their  caps)  ftood  to  fee  the  procSioQ 
of  the  Lama  pais  by.  The  emperor  of 
China,  mh6  it  a  man  of*  very  good 
fenfcs  faid,  that  for  hit  part  be  (bould 
bafve  condemned  tbem  to  walk  bart 
beaded  in  the  proeeCon.aay  time  foi 
three  months  afterwardtw 

Proportion  punifliments  to  crimcti 
iays  the  Marquils  Beccaria^  Thole 
who  made  the  laws  were  not  Geome- 
tricians.** Thus  Voltaire.  Mam  |f 
forty  cro^ni,  p.  67,  69, 

The  obje^ion  abovementioned  by 
Dr.  Nugent  feems  to  fiippofe  our 
h      ■■    le  Le  rs  tbns    reaibning 

and  refolying.— <'  As  we  are  dtN 
dnguiiUed  by  the  refpe^iable  name  of 
Britons,  and  are  ftalioned  in  a  land  of 
liberty,  we  cannot  ad  fo  far  out  of 
charader  as  to  doom  thofe  of  our 
countrymen  who  are  guilty  of  iheep- 
ftealing,  &c.  to  an  ignominious  ienri- 
tude.  No :  For  the  honour  of  our 
country  we  will  order  them  not  to  b« 
m^de fa<uiSt  but  to  be  hanged:  And 
that  they  ma^  not  be  deprived  of  their 
liberty,  we  will  deprive  them  of  lifej  and 
generouOy  keep  themout  of  thehandsof 
fevere  tftric-maners  by  fending  tbem  out 
of  the  world.  Such  a  condu<^  is  quii9 
conftitutional,  ^nd  fuitable  totbegetiiur 
of  ^free  people^*'-*  Of  the  juftnefs  and 
propriety  of  fuch  refblution*  formed 
by  our  R^— ves,  their  conftituentt  arr 
to  >udge :  numbers  of  whom,  it^is  pre* 
fumed  will  be  apt  to  fay ;— if  we  lira 
in  a  fne  country^  grant  the  poor 
wretches  the  lilfeny  to  cKufe  whether 
10  ^je  by  th^  bands  of  the  execudoncr» 
or  to  li'Ve^  and  work  with  their  otuOf, 
under  the  dii-e^ion  and  management* 
of  proper  infpe^ors.  If  the  latter 
be  choieu  and  granted,  it  there  not 
reafon  to  hope  they  urould  be  readf  t» 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


176S. 


T'o  the  Author  of  Pieras  Oxonienfis. 


641 


lemonftrate    that   they  are   good  Jor 
omethingy  and  their  lives  were  not  fpar- 
d  in  vain  ?  U  it  a  dictate  of  prudence 
ibfolutely  to    incapacitate    them   for 
naking  any  fatisfaftion  for  the  injury 
hey  have  done  ?    What  gratification 
an  their  deftruftion  be  to  thofe  whom 
hey  have  injured  ?    How  much   more 
lefirable  the  pofTibility  of  their  giving 
onvincing  proofs  of  their  repentance 
irui  forrow  for  what  they  have  done, 
vtiile  they  arc  vilibly  ioting  the  fruit  of 
heir  o*wn  icayr,  and  continue  to  cau- 
ion  numerous  ohferversagainft  finning 
ifter  thiJimiUtnde  of  their  tranfgrejjion  ? 
►Vhat  pleafure  can  the  mafter  take  in 
efle^tine  coolly  on   the  execution  of 
lit  maid  fervant,    lately  mentioned  in 
he  publick  papers  :    She  takes  away 
ome  of  his  money :    He  t^ke^  away 
)er  life  1  How  confpicuous  the  fitncfs, 
he  equity  of  (uch  a  condudt  1  How  de- 
iehtful  in  the  review  I— It  is  indeed 
tdded  in  the  account,    that  Hie    had 
>cen  guilty  of  the  fame  crime  in  all  the 
>lace8  where  flie  had  lived  :    And  /or 
his  probably  (he  was  confidered  as  uh- 
>ardonahle,  and  not  fit  to  live.     But, 
as  we  are  not  informed  that  (he  wasfo 
■nuch  as  once  punifhed)  let  it  he  confi- 
lered  to  what  the  repetition  of  the  of- 
fence was  owing:  doubtlefs  to.hcr  ef- 
:aping  with  impunity  when  the  firft 
w^as   committed.     And   to  what  was 
hat  impunity  owing  ?  Perhaps  to  the 
evcrity  of  the  law :    her  mailer  being 
oth  that  the  lofs  of  her  life  (hould  be 
)ccaiioned  bv  the  much  fmaUer  lofs 
vbich  he  had  fuftained.     Whereas,   if 
he  had  been  con6ned  to  hard  labour 
iod  under  proper  corre6^ion  for  the 
irfl  offence,  (he  could  not  have  pro- 
:eeded  in  her  iniquitous  practices.  Nor 
i^at  the  frequent  repitition  of  her  crimes 
I   proof  that   (he  was  incurably  har- 
lened|  or  had  taken  ihelter  in  infide- 
ity  j^for  we    are  told,    that  in    the 
/iew  of  death,  ihe  expreffed  great  con- 
:crn  about    her  everlafting  flate,    rc- 
iefling  on  her  multiplied^  aggravated 
>ffences :  So  that  there  is  no  reafon  af- 
:er  all  to  conclude  that  if  /he  had  not 
lied,  (he  would  not  have  lived  to  any 
valuable    purpofe.— — I  am    inclined 
0  enlarge  on  this  interefling  fubjefl. 
But  (as  you  have  other  correfpondents 
iRrho   merit  my  regard  and  yours)  I 
hall  not  add  at  prefent  what  I  may 
fend  you^re  long,  if  you  think  fit  to 
^lo^  tb|$  a  pUce  in  your  very  uOeful 


repofitory,    and   thereby  add   to    the 
many  favours  already  conferred  on 
Your,  &c. 

PHILAtfTHROPOS. 

^fjthe  Author  of  Pibtas  Oxoniensis. 
Dear  Brother— 

WH  y  fo  touchy  ?  Why  fo  angry? 
Arc  the  memberi  of  the  uni- 
verfity  in  particular— and  the  clergy 
in  general  — reprobate— becaufe  ihejr 
differ  in  opinion  from  j'oxf— and  your 
fix  pioui  young  gentlemen  lately  ex- 
pelled ?  What  all  in  a  damnable  date 
becaufe  you  tall  them  Arminians  ?  Arc 
only  Calsvinifts  to  be  faved  ?  Do  the  Ar^ 
fniniafi  clergy  in  general  feei  after  and 
bold  alt  the  J  at  heneficcsm  the  kingdom 
(p.  45)  and  not  one  left  for  you--- 
aftcr  labouring  through  your  academi- 
cal ftudie&-. -twenty  years--?  Shake 
off  the  dufl  from  your  feet— -and  fet 
out  for  Scotland— or  Holland.  Roar 
againft  the  church  of  England.  But 
take  heed'^yoM  are  ?i  fugacious  pointer" r 
not  a  word  againd  the  kirk.  If  yoa 
do— thofe  cS'vintflical  gentlemen  will 
fend  you  a  ftafF  and  a  pair  of  (hoes--- 
agreeable  to  their  antient  cuftom— 
the  ufe  of  them— you  will  foon  know. 
And  then— you  may  fancy  yourfelf 
another  Rouffeau—and  that  there  is 
not  a  place— fit  for  fo  refined  a  ge- 
nius-—as  yours. 

But  now,  fir,  to  be  ferious.  Your 
book-- -I  have  read  with  the  greate^ 
attention.  Sorry  I  am  to  obferve-— 
that  there  is  neither  caudour-- decency- "- 
nor  even  common  charity  in  it,-— It  is  full 
oi  difrefpeS  to  your  fuperiors— and  j«- 
delicaty  to  the  univerfity.— Only— be<* 
cmife  they  do  not  think  as  you  do. 
Muft  they  fubfcribe  to  that  horrid  doc- 
trine of  reprobation  from  etverlajiing-*^ 
becaufe  you--and  your  pioju  young 
|;entlemen  —-preach - -- and  propagate^ 
It  ?  Mud  they  approve  of  Mader  Bar- 
ret's recantation  iMch  he  ivas  com» 
pilled  to  matte  ?  Mud  the  quedions  and 
anfwers  (p.  57.)  touching  thedo^lrine 
•  of  prededination— demand  their  al- 
fent  becaufe  they  have  your  fiat  ?  Far 
be  fuch  conceffions— Can  there  be  a 
greater  indignity  pafied  on  our  merci- 
ful God- --than  to  reprefent  him— 
like  the  heathen  God  Moloch—  who 
is  not  to  be  appeafed---but  by  fire? 

Abfolute  prededination  to  e'verlafiag 
fulvaiioH- —wt  grant  you— as  the  17th 
article  exprcdes  it.— An<l  as  proved  by 

^  Af  »  fcripture 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


642 


Sound  Reasoning! 


Dec. 


fcriptnrc— ^we  rea.Vily  afTent  to  it.  But 
let  usobleive — ibat  xhc  grace  of  eUSiion 
is  only — there — alfcried — Tht  frverity 
of  rt  probation  fro  in  e'ver  lofting^  is  left 
wholly  untouched  upon.  Certain  I 
am  that  reprobation  irom  cverlafting— 
is  contrary  to  r^afon — as  well  as  fcrip- 
turc.  Can  any  be  fo  weak — as  to 
think  that  God— who  fcems  to  glory — 
(If  I  may  be  allowed  the  exprtiTion) 
in  reprclenting  himfelf — the  God  of 
ptercy  —  lottg-ftifferinz  —  rcaiij  toforgive^^ 
wills  that  all  men  jiould  he  faved — and 
come  to  the  knowledge  of  th^  truth, 
Hioald  predeftinate  any  to  damnation  ? 
And  if  I  am  not  midaken — there  is 
not  one  text  of  fcripture  that  can  be 
advanced  in  defence  of  this  do<5lrine.— 
If  there  is— -what  will  become  of  the 

many   ttxKi—- exhorting qdvijit^ 

and  inviting  all  men— -to  turn  to  the 
'Lor^'-nvbtU  be  may  be  found— -^nd  to 
cur  God- '•'who  *w  ill  abundantly  pardon  f 

God— I  acknowledge-— IS  faid  to 
ffire  up  men  to  a  reprobate  mind. 
But-'-when?  Not  till  they  have  dif- 
pi fed  Z>// judgments- --fet  at  nought  his 
commands- '-and  dote  defpight  to  his 
grace.  Then  he  gives  them  up---as  a 
phyfician  docs  his  patient---when  he 
yi'xW  not  follow  his  prefcription.---But 
yourobrervations---:(page  61,)  on  this 
head  mult  not  be  palled  by. 
'  •*  Thcfc  queftions  nnd  anfwers  con- 
cerning predeftination — which  arc 
full  --pun6lual---/o  our  furpofe  --yntvt 
always  printed  at  the  end  of  the 
pid  Ttliament,  and  bound  up  and 
fold---rwz«  pri^ileqio' -i'lW  about  the 
year  16 15.  -Since  which  no  fuch  bi- 
hfes  were  printed.- --We  may  there- 
fore ufe  them  {Aon* X  forget  the  confeffion 
of  faith f  page  64.)  as  a  pregnant 
teftimony-.-and  a  punctual  declara- 
tion of  the  do6>rineof  our  church. "•-- 

In  thofe  early  days— juft  emerg- 
ing out  of  darhiefs'- 'the  church  was 
then  pregnant-- -with  fuch  dodrines--- 
but  fhe  loon---(to  write  in  yourftile) 
fnifiarried--htf ore  fuch*  (hocking  doc- 
trines came  to  maturity —or  nvere  ripe 
for  anot|ier  calvlniltical-rebcllion-— 
when  they  levelled  the  church --- 
and  the  crown. ---Let  us  be  on  our 
guard — what  has  been---may  be.  But 
thanks  be  to  Qod-— now  the  church  is 
truly  orthodox---a  tender- —nurfing 
inother---rai(lng  up  fons---which  will 
te  an  honour  to  her. 

If  I  fhall  not  trefjpafs  too  mv{cjtt,  fir« 


on  your  patience-— or  rather  on  the 
Magazine-— a  word  or  two-— to  ano- 
ther afTeriion  of  yoi>rr.  Once  a  child  ef 
G^d-alujays  a  child  ^of  God.  IfthU 
is  true- --why  that  caution  of  the 
apoftles— Let  him  that  thinketh  he 
ftandeih— take  heed  left  he  fall.  Give 
me  leave  here,  to  afk  you-— what  is 
the  meaning  of  the  following  text  N-- 
li  once  a  child  of  God—'olTMtjs  a  chUd 
of  God.  When  the  righteous  man  dotli 
turn  from  his  nghteoufnefs  and  com- 
mit iniquity-— he  (hall  die  in  his  fin — 
his  righteoufnefs  which  he  hath  done 
(lull  not  be  remembered.— Ezrk.  iii. 
ao.— By  this— it  feems  a  man  may  be 
a  child  of  God  many  years— and  ac 
laft — be  the  child- --of- —the  devil. 

Permit  me  to  a(k--you  for  infor- 
mation  fake-— was  not  David  a  child 
of  God—when  God  took  him  froiq 
the  (heepfold  and  made  him  king 
over  his  favourite  people- --and  wa« 
declared- -by  the  prophet— to  be  a 
man  af^er  Go(ts  heart  ?  DoubtJers  he 
was ;  but  fure--not  alivetys— -not  whei| 
guilty  of  murder  and  adultery. 

When  St.  Peter  con fc (Fed --and  ac- 
knowledged hismaftcrtobe/^L^rs/f-— 
the  fon  of  God— -when  he  was  admit- 
ted as  a  fpcftator— of  his  raafter's  glo- 
rious transfiguration--- when  through 
faith-- -at  his  SaviouV's  command— - 
he  defcendcd  from  the  (hip  and  walk- 
ed on  the  waves  of  the  lea— Was  he 
not  at  thofe  times  a  Child  of  God?  But 
iiot  aPways—r\ot  when  he  denied  bis 
mafter— -with  oaths  and  curfes.-— And 
now,  good  brother,  what  are  the(e 
things  written  ?  But  for  our  admoni- 
tion--that    we    (hould    not  be   bigh 

minded but     fear-— left      we aifo 

fall— -from  grace — to  perdition.— 
No  wonder  methodifts  make  {o  many 
converts.- --If  once  a  child  of  God-— 
always  a  child  of  God— be  their 
dodtrine.  Happy  (hould  I  be  (in  jfff 
ouun  opinion  at  leafi)  if  I  could  believe 
myfelt  to  be  in  (uch  a  utuation.— 
No- --it  is  my  opinion-  -(till  better  in* 
formed)  that  no  one-— can  be  cJ- 
tvays  --the  child  of  God--- till  he 
hears--- and  receives  this  blefling  whic^i 
Jefus  Chri(l— (bail  pronounce- -to  ap 
that- --love  and  fear  him  -  -  faying-*- 
Come--.ye  blejed  children  of  my  fath^ 
receive  th<?  kingdom  prepar^  fO|f 
you-  from  the  be|pnning  pf  dlf 
yvorld.-— 

if  y»u«  fir,  are  plcsStd  to  makt  atft 


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17^8. 


Family  Recipes. 


643 


reply  to  this  letter,  permit  me  to  afk 
a  favourer  two  of  you.  Firft— not 
a  word  more- -from  the  primitive  fa- 
thers-- or  firft  reformers- -we  have 
had  enough  of  them  in  your  late 
performance.  I  highly  "revere  their  me- 
mory --but  they  were  men"-bumanum 
ejf  ^rr^r^.-- -Probably— you  will  fay-  — 
that's  my  misfortune.  Granted.  For 
which  reafon-  do  you  follow  the 
apoftle's  advice---^f  apf  to  teach  with 
meeknefs  and  charity— and  ^e  will 
treat  you  with  the  e;reateft  delicacy. 
I  am,  fir,  your's,  &c. 

H.  C. 

Explanation   of  the    Stationer's  Alma' 
nack,  1769. 

THE  hiftorical  figures  on  the  Mo- 
nument in  London  defcribed, 
viz.  The  weft  fide  of  the  pedcftal  is 
adorned  with  a  curiovis  emblem  in  alt 
relief,  denoting  the  deftrufVion  and  re- 
ftoration  of  the  City  5  the  firft  fe- 
male figure  rcprefcnts  the  City  of  Lon- 
don, iitting  in  ruins,  in  a  languifhing 
pofture,  with  her  head  dcjeftcd,  hair 
difhevelled,  and  h«r  hand  carelefsly 
lying  on  her  fword.  Behind  is  time 
gradually  raifing  her  up  ;  at  her  fide 
a  woman  gently  touching  her  with  one 
hand^  whilft  a  winged  fceptre  in  the 
other,  direfts  her  to  regard  the  god- 
dcHes  in  the  clouds,  one  with  a  cornu- 
copia, denoting  plenty ;  the  other 
with  a  palm  branch,  the  emblem  of 
peace.  At  her  feet  a  bee- hive,  (hew- 
mg  that  by  induftry  the  greateft  mis- 
fortunes are  to  be  overcome.  Behind 
Time  are  citizens  exulting  at  his  en- 
deavours to  reftore  her ;  and  beneath, 
in  the  midlt  of  the  ruins,  is  a  Dragon, 
who,  as  fupporter  of  the  city  arms, 
with  his  paw  endeavours  to  preferve 
the  fame.  Oppofite  the  city,  on  an 
elevated  pavement,  ftands  the  king  in 
I  Roman  habit,  ^ith  a  laurel  on  his 
head,  and  a  truncheon  in  bis  hand, 
and,  approaching  her,  commands  three 
3f  his  attendants  to  defcend  to  her 
relief  5  the  firft  reprefcnts  the  fciences, 
with  a  winged  head  and  circle  of  naked 
boys  dancing  thereon,  and  holding  Na- 
;ure  in  her  hand  with  her  numerous 
breafts  ready  to  give  ailiftance  to  all; 
ihe  iecond  is  ArchiteAure,  with  a 
plan  in  one  hand,  and  a  fquare  and 
pair  of  conipafTes  in  the pther  ;  and  the 
;hird  Is  Liberty  waving  a  hat  in  the 
lir,  (hewing  her  joy  at  the  plcafuig 


profpcdl  of  the  city's  fpeedy  recovery. 
Behind  the  king  ftands  his  brother, 
the  duke  of  Ydrk,  with  a  garland  in 
one  hand  to  crown  the  rifing  city,  and 
a  fword  in  the  other  for  her  defence. 
And  the  two  figures  behind  are  Juftice 
and  Fortitude  J  the  former  with  a  co- 
ronet, and  the  latter  with  a  reined 
lion  j  and  under  the  royal  pavement/, 
in  a  vault,  lieth  Envy  gnawing  a 
heart,  and  inceflantly  emitting  pefti- 
ferous  fumes  from  her  envenomed 
mouth.  And  in  the  upper  part  of 
the  plinth  the  reconftru^ion  of  the 
city  is  reprefented  by  Builders  and 
labourers  at  work  upon  houfes. 

7o  the  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 
-       MAGAZINE. 
SIR,  Leigh,  Oft.  la,  1768* 

A  fenv  fafe  Family  Recipes. 
1.  An  EleSluaryfor  the  Piles,    . 

TAKE,  of  flower  of  fulphur  half 
an  ounce }  lenitive  electuary  two 

ounces ;   fyrup    of  marfti- mallows, 

enough    to  render  it  fbft. 
This  is  good  againft  the  piles,  taking 
the  bignefs  of  a  nutmeg,  or  a  walnut, 
at  a  time,  every  three  or  four  hours. 

If  they  be  attended  with  febrile,  or 
inflammatory  fymptoms,  two  drams  of 
nitre  may  be  occafionally  added. 

%  For  the  EpiUpJjy  or  FalUng- Sickm/s. 
Take  peruvian  bark  in  fine  powder  one 
ounce ;  powder  of  wild  valerian  root, 
half  an  ounce,  with  fyrup  of  orange 
peel  as  fufikes,  make  it  into  an  elec* 
tuary. 
Take  the  bignefs  of  a  nutmeg  night, 
and  morning  for  three  months.    After 
that  to  confirm  the  cure,  and  (Prevent 
a  relapfe,  repeat  the  fame  dofe  for  three 
or  four  days  before  every  new,  and  full 
moon  for  a  confiderable  time.    The 
moon,  certainly  affects  the  brain  when 
weak,  whatever  fome  fay  to  the  con- 
trary :  witnefs  cbildrens  convulfive  fit« 
moft  frequent  at  thofe  times. 

3.  For  the  Bloody  Flux, 
Take  yellow  wax  three  drams ;  fper- 
ma<ceti  two  drams;  conferveof  red 
rofes  one  ounce ;  fyrup  of  balfam  a 
fufiicient  quantity  to  make  an  elec* 
tuary. 
Let  the  wax  and  fperma-ceti  be  melt- 
ed in  oil  over  a  gentle  fire,  and  then  be 
mixed  with  the  confcrve  and  fyrup. 
It  is  good  for  the  dry  gripes  like- 

wifci 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


An  cdd  Occurrence. 

nutmeg  three 


644 

jirife;    the  bulk  of  a 

times  a  day  or  ofrner. 

4.  An  Alterative  EleSiuary, 
TaVe  crAidc  antimony  mod  finely  levi- 
gated three  drams  {  roiinof  guaiacum 

#two   drams  i  oil  of  faiTafras  thirty 

drops  5  confcrve    of  red    rofcs    an 

ounce  and  half}  balfamic  fyrup  as 

much  as  is  fufHcieiit. 

Qrind    the  rofin   and    the  levigated 

antimony  well   together,  and  having 

mixed  thefe  with  a  little  oil,  drop,  on 

a  little  fu^ar,    the    conferve,    let  the 

whole  he  foftened  in  tlic  fyrup  into  a 

due  cqni'iftence. 

This  is  excellent  ,for  all  cutaneous 
foulneHes ;  obftruftiOns  of  the  glands  : 
impurities  of  the  blood  and  juicef;  and 
even  effectual  fometimes  in  palfiei,  le- 
profies,  and  mofl  chrooicdifeafes.  Dif> 
penTatory  writers  lay  the  principal 
ftrefs  in  compoiltions  of  this  kind, 
upon  the  calx,  ceruffe,  or  cinnabar  of 
antimony,  preparations  which  are  all 
lar  inferior  to  the  plain  crude  anti- 
mony itfclf,  and  very  ill  deferve  the 
great  chara^er»  which  has  been  ufual- 
)y  given  of  them.  The  bignefs  of  a 
i^utmeg  of  this  foft  ele^uary  may  be 
taken  morning  and  evening  with  lime 
water,  or  any  proper  medicated  ale,  or 
wine,  even  for  the  piora,  or  fcab,  and 
pox  itfelf  alfo. 

5.  A  Deobftnuift  EUQuQry. 

Take  gum  anamoniac,  hard  foap,of  each 

a  dram  \  powdered  fquUls  one  £bnu- 

plei  conferve  of  orange  peel  half  an 

ounce  i  fyrup  of  ginger  as  JBUch  as 

fufRces. 

Where  the  breaft,  or  \\\  tt  is  oppreflT- 

ed,  or  obftru&ed  with  thick,  or  vilcid 

phlegm,  or  .the  other  bowels  loaded 

therew&th,  this  mixture  when  twice,  or 

thrice  a  day  taken  to  the  quantity  of  a 

nutmeg,  is  of  iingular  fervice.    It  dif- 

lolves  and  attenuates  the  vilcid  juices ^ 

onens  the  fmall  vefTels )  and   promotes 

all  the  natural  evacuations,  from  the 

irregularities  of  which  difeafes  moftly 

flow. 

6.  EleSuary  to  provoke  the  Menfes. 

Take  powder  of  black  belebore  root 

three  drams ;  of  myrrh  two  drams  % 

conferve  of  fcurvy-grafs  two  ounces } 

fyrup  of  ginger  as  much  as  fufficcs. 

The  ctofe  is  the  bignelii  of  a  nutmeg 

iwice  a  day«  uUny  moflerate  e^^er^ile. 


Dec. 


7.  EUauaryfir  the  Palfey, 
Take  powderof  rnuftardfeed  and  con- 
ferve of  rofemary   tops    e?4ch    one 
ounce;  compound  fpirits  of  lavender 
two    drams. 
Beat  up  the  muf^ard  feed  with  a  little 
water  that  the  pulp  may  be'paifed  thro* 
a  hair  fieve,  then  mix  with  it  the  con- 
ferve and  fpirit. 

This  is  a  very  eflkacious  medicine 
for  paralytick  difordersj  tremorsi 
mimbnefs  of  the  limbs;  decays  ac- 
companying old  age;  and  in  all  ca(cs 
where  the  (olids  require  to  be  IKnulat- 
ed ;  or  ilug^ifli  ftagnant  juices  to  be 
put  into  motion.  Take  the  ^gneft  of 
a  nutmeg  three  times  a  day,  with  a 
|;tafs  of  rich  wine,  or  proper  coi^ 
julep,  after  it. 

8.  A  PemvisM  £U3m4tfy, 
Take  extra^  of  peruvian  bark  ojse 
ounce  $  extraAof  logwood,  cxtraft 
of  liquorice,   each  half  an  ooace. 
mucilage  of  quince  feed  at  much  as  is 
AifHcient  to  reduce  the  other  ui|re^ 
dients  into  the  due  conftfteoce  ot  aa 
ele6tuary. 
This  is   a  very  agreeable    form  lor 
taking  the  bark  tp  thofe  who  cannot 
well  bear  its  difagreeable  taftc,  at  the 
fame  time  they  coincide  with  its  fir* 
tue.    The  compofition  is  a  very  ele- 
gant and  pleafant  one.     It  may  be 
given  either  in  the  form  of  a  bolos,  or 
electuary,  to  the  dofe  of  a  dram,  or 
more;  or  diflblve^  in  afuiuble  Uqvor, 
as  red  wine,  to  tbofe  who  preterit, 
into  a  draught.    Good  for  agues,  ao4 
9crvous  c^les* 

Vour's,  &c. 

J.  Cook* 

To    the  AUTHOR   ^f  the  LONDOH 
MAGAZINE. 
Sir.  Leigh,  oa.  49.  176$, 

BEING  laft  week  informed  of  the 
following-  od4  particular,  by  a 
correfpondeat,  and  patient,  at «  oar* 
uin  fea-port  town  in  this  nstioa,  I 
thought  jproper  candidly  tocoannuoi- 
cate  the  fame  by  means  of  ypur  cxtcn* 
five  Magazine,  as  ((Mm  as  poffible,  to 
prevent  fiicfa  mifiohief  befalling  Qthten, 
whofe  profeffion  makes  themUahk  10 
^he  Uke  misfbrtnne.  ' 

The  a9ctdent  was  this.  The  fiff^ 
geon  of  a  certain  fliip,  lately  THMMii^ 
lioexpeaedly  xeceivcd  ihe  ^n^  foc 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


lySS.  '  Stale  cf  Agriculture  in  France. 


)y  inocula^on,  o«1y  thro*  mcanar  of  a 
cratch  on  one  of  his  fingers  where* 
¥ieh  he  dreiTed  his  venereal  patients. 

This  is  a  new  difcovcry,  and  not 
mprobable,  as  we  know  the  fucking 
nfant  receives  that  dHcafe  only  by 
neaos  of  the  infedted  nurfe's  nipple } 
md  alfo  (hews  the  advantage  of  re- 
uovvng  fuch  dre/fings  with  proper  in-? 
Irumenu,  neatly,  without  touching 
he  <<>re. 

Hence,  let  all  whofe  buftnefs  calla 
heni  to  drefs  fuch  patient^  take  cau- 
ion,  and  beware  that,  there  be  no 
cratch,  or  cut  on  their  finders ;  nor 
tvcn  any  of  the  cuticle,  or  icarf-lkin, 
)lf  any  part  of  them,  left  by  coming 
nto  contact  with  the  venereal  matter^ 
iilcharged,  they  chance  to  fufFer  th< 
ike  fatal  infedtion. 

Your's,  &c. 

J.  Cook* 

rb^  State  9/ Agriculture  in  France,  from 
Letters  concerning  the  State  of  the 
French  Nation. 

THERE  is  no  country  in  the 
world  more  happily  fituated,  for 
»  vigorons  cultivation  of  the  earth, 
han  France.  The  climate  is  miW 
md  temperate,  t^e  foil  fcarce  any 
vhere  barren-* — and  the  fitua^tion  be- 
wecn  two  Teas,  gives  her  a  million  of 
idvantages  in  the  articles  of  commerce, 
which  are  an  immediate  afliftance  to  huf- 
)andry.  It  mult  however  be  coiifcffed, 
hat  this  art  has  not  met  with  that  at* 
ention  in  France,  thereal  importance 
jf  it  deferves. 

Wherever  great  numbers  of  people 
jave  cxiftcd,  we  may  take  it  for  grant- 
ed, agriculture  has  been  followed  j 
or  without  it  they  could  not  live.  It 
s  one  of  the  moft  melancholy  re£ec- 
ions  humanity  can  fuggeft»  that  the 
ecords  of  mankind  are  ^lled  with  mi- 
erable  butcheries,  while  the  cultivar 
ion  of  the  earth  i»  fcarce  ever  menti- 
)ned.  A  few  pa^es  would  give  us  a 
omplete  compilation  of  the  hiitory  of 
fgriculture,  which  feeds  mankind— 
nilltons  of  volumes  are  filled  with  the 
irt  of  war,  which  deftroys  them.  Such 
ire  tiie  cruel  pre^ices  of  this  world  \ 

This  blind  infatuation  is  to  be  re- 
rrctted  in  the  French  writings,  eq\ialljr 
vith  thofe  of  other  countries,  until 
he  prefent  age.  Very  little  concern- 
ng  bud^andry  is  to  be  met  with  in  any 
leforc  the  rei^  of  that  great  and  good 


645 


prince  Henry  the  fourth.  He,  and 
bis  minifter  Sully,  underftood  and 
loved  agriculture {  and  were  the  moll 
remarkable  men  in  this,  as  well  a» 
other  refpe6ts,  in  modern  tiroes.  The 
king^s  ideas  of  national  improvements, 
were  of  a  larger  extent  than  the  mini^> 
fter's,  comprehending  the  encourage-* 
ment-of  manufadlures^  but  the  latter, 
with  moft  juftnefs,  was  of  another  opi* 
nion,  and  condemned  manufadlur^ 
until  that  firft  great  manufa^ure  of 
tlie  foil  was  complete  ^  accordingly^ 
he  encouraged  agriculture  all  in  hi« 
power,  and  by  greatly  adding  to  the 
eafe  and  comfort  of  the  lower  people, 
inade  them  fond  of  that  proleflion 
which  rendered  the^  l^^ppy :  Nor 
was  hit  maftet-  backward  in  promoting 
the  minifter*8.  condu6^;  and  ag;ricuU 
tare  fo  attended  to,  made  large  ffrides^ 
and  flourilhed  more  in  France  than  in 
England,  or  any  neighbouring  king, 
dom  I  And  herein,  in 'a  good  meafura 
was  laid  the  foundation  of  the  future 
power  of  France. 

It  is  inipoinble  that  wifer  meafurei 
could  have  been  taken,  than  were  by 
thefe  two  truly  great  men,  for  the  re- 
ttoration  of  France.  Harraifed- witli 
all  kinds  of  civil  convulfions,  of  a 
great  number  of  years  j  it  was  necef* 
lary,  if  ever  (he  was  expedWd  to  mak« 
»  confiderable  figure,  to  allow  her  full 
time  to  recruit  her  lolTcs,  and  likewile^ 
during  that  time,  to  purfue  fuch  a  con-^ 
du6>,  as  would  lend  the  moft  helpings 
band,  to  render  her  tranquillity  kc\x^ 
ri(bing.  This  was  not  to  be  done  bj^ 
bunting  after  foreign  commerce,  while 
her  foil  was  uncultivated ;  nor  by  dfla^ 
blifhing  man u failures  at  home  while 
faands'were  every  where  wanting  iit 
husbandry  i  The  only  juft  plan  Was^ 
Co  give  all .  podible  enciuragement 
to  the  cultivation  of  the  earth  $  and 
thereby  to  render  the  people,  who  had 
groaned  fo  long  under  the  oppreilion  of 
a  civil  war,  eafy  and  comfortable. 

Thefe  were  the  meafui-es  of  that 
great  king,  and  his  truly  faithful  mi^ 
niflrer;  agriculture,  under  their  en* 
couragement,  flouriflied— -the  lands, 
which  had  been  fo  long  uncultivated, 
were  covered  with  corn— the  peafants 
were  affhlent  and  happy — the  general 
face  of  the  kingdom  was  ci^anged— «• 
It  gave  manifcft  /igns  of  fpeedily  be« 
comiug  mod  flourifhi^g  and  formid*- 
able;«— ^Cabak>   fa^ions,    confuiion^ 

civil 


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646 


Miflakes  of  Colbert. 


Dec. 


civil  wariy  and  every  horrid  contrail  to 
this  happy  period,  then  enfued :  It 
may  eafily  be  fuppofed*  that  the  voice 
of  hulbandiy  was  heard  no  more ;  in- 
deed we  know  nothing  of  the  French 
agriculture  dHring  that  period,  and  in 
ail  probability  there  was  nothing  in  it 
worthy  to  be  known.  In  thofe  times 
of  public  confufion,  it  infallibly  finks 
to  a  wretched  ftate  of  infignificance. 
80  great  a  power  has  zfenu  of  ruining 
the  many !  The  number  of  men  engag- 
ed in  a  civil  war,  is  always  vaftly  Siort 
cf  the  number  who  follow  their  com- 
mon occupations— the  proportion  will 
sot  be  found  to  be  one  in  a  hundred  ; 
and  yet  what  miCery  and  wretchednefs 
does  that  one  man  bring  upon  his  hun- 
dred neighbours ! 

The  fettlemcftt  of  the  kingdom,  by 
Lewis/ XIV.  and  the  encouragement 
of  arts  fucceeded.  What  miferable 
inconiiilencies  is  this  world  full  off 
The  fame  people  that  gave  the  glorious 
title  of  Great  to  Henry,  bellowed  it 
likewife  on  Lewis  I— What  did  I  fay  ? 
^he  fame  people.  No:  The  People 
furnamed  the  fir  ft — the  courtiers  the 
latter.  What  a  dif{isrence  I  immortal 
fame  ought  ever  to  attend  the  one- 
contempt  the  other.  But  I  am  not 
bere  to  charadterife  the  two  princes:' 
I  would  fpeak  only  of  agriculture. 

Colbert  foon  became  the  chief  mi- 
nifter  of  Lewis.  This  man  had  cer- 
tainly great  ideas ;  and  withal  a  fpirit 
of  improvement,  which  blazed  out 
yrith  wonderful  lufh-e.  He  apprehend- 
ed that  a  vaft  trade,  and  numerous  ma- 
nufad^ures,  would  enrich  the  kingdom 
ib  prodigiouOy  as  to  give  her  unfathom- 
able rtlburces.  He  accordingly  re- 
jeded  the  plan  of  Sully,  and  began 
with  eftablifliing  a  vaft  variety  of  ma- 
nufa^ures  at -a  prodigious  expeace: 
Neither  did  he  fpare  any  coft  to  render 
France  the  firft  trading  power  in  the 
nniverfe.  But  with  defign  to  enable 
bis  manufa6turer8  to  fell  cheaper  than 
thofe  of  other  countries,  be  thought  it 
requifite  to  have  bread  at  as  low  a 
price  as  poflible  \  from  that  apparent Ij 
|uft  reaA)ning,  that  the  cheaper  a  ma- 
nufadVurer  could  live ,  the  cheaper  the 
manufaflure  could  be  afforded.  To 
effect  his  defign  he  prohibited  all  ex- 
portation of  corn  from  the  kingdom, 
-and  even  greatly  cramped  the  tranfpor- 
tation  of  ir  from  one  province  to  ano- 
ther.   Thelc  nojalurcs  were  intended 


to  give  a  plenty  at  home :  Kot  content 
with  this,  he,  in  times  of  dlflr^, 
(and  even  before  they  came)  greatly 
loaded  the  hufbandmen  with  iropofi- 
tions  and  taxes,  that  the  manufaau- 
rer's  fhare  of  thofe  burthens  misht 
be  the  lefs. 

All  this  management  formed  a  ip 
ftem  of  policy,  infinitely  more  wretch- 
ed than  one  could  believe  would 
ever  have  entered  the  head  of  a  man 
of  genius,  who  liad  the  example  of 
Sully  before  him.  Every  meafure  was 
attended  with  an  effeft  dircaiy  con- 
trary  to  that  he  expe^ed.  Infteadof 
the  price  of  the  nccefTaries  of  life/^- 
ini,  they  rofe,  and  became  extremely 
fluctuating  and  various;  com  wu 
fometimesadrug,  at  others,  immenfe- 
lydear,  and  famine  itfclf  appeared  al- 
moft  periodically.  Thele  circuca- 
ftances  ruined  the  agriculture  of 
France,  without  being  of  any  fervice 
to  her  maoufadures  $  for  it  is  afa^, 
univerfalty  known,  that  workmen  in 
no  country,  will  labour  for  more  than 
a  fabfiflence,  and  if  that  fubfiflencecan 
be  earned,  in  three  days,  in  fufficiency 
for  a  week,  only  three  dayt  will  they 
labour.  It  was  very  apparent  in 
France,  after  an  excefEvely  plentiful 
harveft,  that  a  general  idlenefs  enfued 
amongft  their  manufacturing  hands- 
on  the  contrary,  in  fomc  years,  the 
moft  induftrious  dili^oce  could  not 
keep  them  from  flarving. 

But  had  their  manufactures  fiourift- 
ed  in  proportion  to  the  deprefRon  cf 
hufbandry,  as  Colbert  feemed  to  ima- 
gine ;  neverthelefs,  what  the  nation 
gained  by  one  hand,  Ihe  loft  by  the 
other :  Her  profits  by  manufa^ures, 
were  ten  times  over-matched  by  her 
lofTes  iu  hufbandry.  Befidea.  there 
was  a  ftanding  difadvantage  at- 
tending the  luxurious  manufadores 
fet  on  foot  by  Colbert  \  they  did  not 
all  find  their  way  into  foreign  couii- 
tries— ^many  remained  at  home:  the 
nation  became  luxurious  and  expen- 
(ive  in  thefe  articles,  in  proportion 
with  her  neighbours  \  this  occafioncd 
vaft  quantities  of  money,  and  num- 
bers of  hands,  to  be  perpetual!/ 
drawn  off  from  the  culture  of  tlie 
land,  until  France  became  alraoft  a 
delart. 

The  refources  likewife,    which  this 
celebrated  minifter  expe^ed  wouki  al- 
ways attend  fuch  numbers  of  manufac- 
tures. 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


1 7  68.  Preventive  for 

tureSf  proved  as  delufive  as  the  reft 
[>f  the  fcheine.  In  refpcft  of  perfe6^ 
population ;  that  is  to  fa/i  the  num- 
ber of  valuable  people — manufactures 
improperly  managed  yield  none.  It 
is  a  lively  and  vigorous  cultivation 
K^hich  alone  breeds  a  race  of  hardy 
ind  courageous  foldiers — The  true  mi- 
litary genius  pf  the  French  decayed 
pvhen  an  immenfe  number  of  manu- 
fafturers  entered  her  armies,  in  there- 
:ruits  which  neceflfarily  were  drawn 
From  that  fet  of  people.  But  thi^  cir- 
:umftance  was  not  of  Aich  ftriking 
:onfequence  as  the  hurt  which  poputa* 
:ion  in  general  received  from  fo  im- 
perfect a  cultivation  as  took  place  ia 
France. 

It  is  fuppofed  that  manufactures  add 
prodigioufly  to  the  population  of  anv 
:ountry — and  one  reafon  is,  becau^ 
we  fee  manufacturing  towns  fo  very 
populous :  But  it  is  well  known  that 
the  increafe  of  mankind  in  cities,  is  in 
no. proportion  to  what  it  is  in  the  coun- 
try—Great numbers  of  people  collected 
logerher,  form  an  appearance  of  popu- 
lation ;  but  this  proves  nothing;  the 
}oint  is,  their  increafe:  Is  that  fo 
;reat  among  ten  thoufand  people  in  a 
own,  as  ten  thoufand  fpread  over  the 
rountry  ?  By  no  means. 

The  agriculture  of  the  kingdom, 
planting  encouragement  fo  greatly, 
was  attended  with  thofe  effcCts,  which 
\\\t  Duke  of  Sully,  had  he  lived  in 
Colbert's  time,  would  have  predicted, 
rhofe  refources,  which  the  latter  mi- 
lliter depended  fo  much  upon,  prov- 
ed in  a  good  mcafure  delufive.  And 
France,  while  fo  bufily  employed  in 
lie  manufacture  of  trinkets,  gew- 
7aws,  and  fuperfluities  of  all  kmds, 
>ecame  dependent  on  her  neighbours 
■o^  bread \  and  during  the  courfe  of 
Tiany  years,  expended  almoft  as 
nucn  for  corn,  as  (he  received  for 
nanufaCtures.  So  great  was  her  dif- 
rrefs,  in  this  refpeCt,  that  Lewis  XIV. 
Tiorc  than  once  recruited  his  armies, 
iy  providing  tbem  with  bread,  and 
nking  no  care  of  fupplying  \he  people 
n  general.  Nor  were  the  refources  of 
evenue  lefs  precarious  than  thofe  of 
i\en  ;  thenumerous  manufactures  had 
lot  diffufed  thofe  truly  Tubftantial 
irhcs  which  refult  from  a  vigorous 
rukivation  of  the  foil— they  rcited  in 
he  unclerr?iker?,  and  monopolizers  of 

Pec.  i7<5«. 


the  Scurvy  at  Seal  647 

expenfive  works — great  fortunes  were 
acquired— a  vaft  inequality  among 
the  people  became  vifible — thole 
Ijranches  of  luxtry,  which  are  beyond 
all  doubt  pernicious,  were  encouraged 
—and  thus  the  acquifition  of  riches,  la 
numerous  inltances^  was  of  no  advan- 
tage to  the  increafe  of  national  indultry 
and  wealth  j  all  of  which  circumftancet 
are  totaily  different  with  the  ac^ui- 
fitions  made  by  agriculture.^* 

ft 
Propofal  to  prevent  the  Scurvy  at  Sea. 

By  Dr.  Nath.  Hulme. 
**  T  Would    humbly    propofe    that 

J,  one  ounce  and  an  half  of  th» 
juice  of  oranges,  or  lemons,  and  two 
ounces  of  fugar»  be  daily  allowed  to 
each  man  in  his  majefty^s  navy ;  to  l>« 
mixed  with  his  allowance  of  fpirit  and 
water,  commonly  called  Grog.  And 
I  would  further  advife,  that  the  faid 
liquor  be  fo  far  diluted  with  water,  at 
that  the  whole  allowance  to  each  maa 
may  be  equal  to  three  pints ;  and  f<?rv-< 
ed  out  to  him,  regularly,  three  timet 
a-day.  That  is  to  lay,  one  pint  at 
eight  in  the  mornin?,  another  at  twelve 
c^lock,  and  the  third  at  four  or  fix  in 
tne  afternoon ;  fo  that  it  niay  become, 
as  it  were,  the  common  drink  of  fai- 
iors  at  fea,  like  fmall  beer;  and  that 
they  may  be  rarely,  or  never,  neccdi- 
tated  to  drink  water  alone :  this  in 
cold  climates,  or  in  temperate  onet 
in  the  winter  time. 

But  in  all  hot  climates,  and  in  the 
beat  of  fummer  in  temperate  ones,  a 
greater  quantity  of  drink  is  required  i 
and  then  the  liquor  (hould  he  fo  far  di- 
luted with  water,  as  that  each  man 
may  have  four  pints  a  day  j  namely^ 
one  at  eight  in  the  morning,  two  at 
twelve  o'clock,  and  one  at  four,  or  fix 
in  the  afternoon. 

In  thofe  countries  where  wine  is  al- 
lowed the  fhip's  company,  inftead  of 
fpirits,  I  would  advife  the  fame  quan- 
tity of  the  juice  and  fugar  to  be  mixt 
therewith,  as  is  direCted  for  the  Grog  j 
and  to  be  fo  far  diluted  with  water, 
as  that  it  may  be  fcrVed  out  in  the  (ame 
proportion,  and  in  the  fame  manner. 
And  though  good  fouhd  fmall  beer, 
is  an  excellent  antifcorhutick  liquor, 
yet,  as  it  is  not  found  fufficient  of  it- 
felf  to  prevent  the  difeafc,  it  (hould 
alfo  be  daily  impregnated  with  the 
fame  quantity  of  the  juice  and  fugar. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


64S 


Preparation  of  Agrimonjl 


Dec 


But  as  every  man  on  board  hath  at 
much  fmali  beer  as  he  chufes  to  drink» 
a  quantity  of  this  liquor  (hould  be 
taken  up  daily,  equal  to  the  allowance 
of  Grog,  in  order  to  be  mixed  with 
the  juice  and  fugar  and  ferved  out  re* 
gularly  in  the  fame  manner. 

fiy  thefe  means,  there  will  be  fui^h 
a  quantity  of  vegetable  anti(corbutic 
juices  thrown  gradually  into  tlie  body 
every  day,  liy  way  of  diet,  as,  in  all 
human  probability,  will  entirely  couii- 
teraft  the  bad  effeds  arifin^  from  the 
putrefcent  and  noxious  qualities  of  the 
remainder  of  the  Tea  food  \  and  thus 
hinder  the  body  from  running  into 
that  ftate  of  corruption,  which  is 
the  genuine  and  true  fource  of  the 
fturvy." 

Br,  Hill'/  Dire^ions  for  preparing  tbi 
Herb  Agrimony,  for  the  Cure  of  the 
Jaundieey  and  other  Difirden  qf  the 
*  Lvver, 

*  r?  O  R  the  firft  or  flighteft  ftage  of 
X^  the  i^iindice,  llnp  off  half  a 
pound  of  the  frefh  leaves  of  Agrimony; 
clip  them  to  pieces,  and  pour  upon 
them,  in  a  flonemug,  a  quart  of  boil* 
ing  water  i  cover  up  the  mu^;  and 
let  it  (land  twenty-four  hours,  then 
prels  it  ofF.  Let  it  fettle  to  be  quite 
c|ear  \  and  take  it  at  four  dofes,  eight 
hours  diftant  from  one  another  j 
Sweetening  it  with  honey.  This  quan- 
tity in  the  Arft  (tage  will  generally  cure. 
If  not,  repeat  it  three  or  four  times, 
and  all  will  be  well. 

The  body  mull  be  open  all  this  time: 
If  it  is  naturally  fo  the  better  $  if  not, 
half  a  pint  of  JciTop's  well-water,  or  any 
other  of  the  {^urging  waters,  muil  be 
turned  with  roilk  into  a  kind  of  whey, 
and  taken  occaHonally  :  not  to  purge, 
but  merely  to  prevent  coftiveneis. 

When  all  is  over,  a  fomewhat  larger 
dole  of  the  (Hme  whey  fhould  be  taken 
twice,  to  operate  as  a  purge,  and  car- 
ry ofFanjf  thing  that  might  remain  af- 
ter the  difeafe. 

When  the  jaundice  is  in  its  fecond 
ftage,  which  is  the  moft  common  cafe 
cf  all,  not  the  leaves  but  the  crown^of 
the  root  of  agrimonvt  is  the  part  to 
be  depended  on.  l*his  is  the  place 
where  the  root  ceaies,  and  the  ftalk 
and  leaves  begin  j  that  part  of  the 
plant  which  is  between  earth  and  air. 
At  this  particular  placej  there  is  al* 
4 


ways  a  great  coUeQton  of  the  befl  aad 
richeft  juices  of  the  plant.  The  bud 
is  formed  there  in  autumn  upoa  al 
new  off-fets  of  the  roots ;  and  cob* 
tinues  till  fpring.  ^Tis  then,  that  ii 
in  the  month  or  April,  in  its  higbdl 
perfedlion  of  virtue,  extremely  fra« 
grant  and  agreeable ;  but  now  in  ai^ 
tumn,  and  tbrough  the  winter^  lyiiig 
almolt  within  the  ground,  it  continnet 
fre(h  and  full  of  virtue.  After  the 
plant  ihoots  to  a  ftalk,  this  part  gives 
Its  richnefs  to  the  leaves  \  and  io  the 
fummer  months  they  muil  be  ufed  s 
unlefs  precaution  have  been  had  to 
dig  this  up,  in  time,  and  dry  it  in  the 
(hade  \  in  which  way  it  prefervet  all 
its  virtue. 

For  the  cure  then  of  this  common 
degree  of  the  jaundice,  take  op  the 
roots  of  Agrimony  to  the  leneth  of  an 
inch,  with  the  buds  upoa  £ero;  of 
thefe  cut  to  pieces  fix  ounces,  Ivuife 
them  in  a  marble  mortar,  and  pour 
upon  them  a  quart  of  boiling  water- 
Let  this  (land  twenty- four  hours,  af- 
ter which  the  liquor  is  to  be  (trained 
oflF,  and  taken  juft  as  the  former,  fweet* 
ened  with  honey. 

While  this  is  making,  let  die  perfoa 
take  a  vomit.^  Nothing  is  A>  well  as 
the  common  ipecacuai^a,  worked  olf 
with  water  ^ruef.  The  morning  after 
let  the  Acrimony  tea  be  taken,  and 
continued  thiice  a-day  without  inter* 
miiTion  till  the  difeafe  u  conquered.  In 
what  time  this  will  be,  depends  upos 
the  particular  nature  of  the  cafe,  and 
the  time  the  diforder  has  had  to 
(Irengthen  itfelf :  but  that  the  cure  will 
follow,  is  as  certain  as  any  thing  ia 
phyfic." 

Political  Manobvvii£9, 
Nov.  15,  176$. 

IN  confequence  of  repeated  folicita- 
tions  on  the  part  of  the  Earl  of 
Chatham,  a  moft  cordial,  firm,  and 
perpetual  union  this  day  took  place, 
with  his  ndble  brother-in-law.  Earl 
Temple.  It  is  not  doubted  that  thia 
friendfhip  will  produce  the  moft  folid 
advantages  to  the  public,  wbofe  inter« 
efts  have,  (ince  thefe  noble  lords  were 
jointly  in  ofBce.  been  occafionaily  be* 
trayed  and  negle^ed.  Mr.  Grenville 
has  heartily  acceded  to  this  union }  (b 
that  it  may  be  prefumed,  there  art 
now  the  fairelt  hopes  of  feeing  this 

'ceuAtiy 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


POLITICAL    MANOBUyRES. 

that 


76ff. 

ountry  reictied  from  the  ftorm 
yt  Comt  years  has  been  eathering 
rttb  a  moft  direaceniag  aipeft.  In 
ike  manneri  previous  to  the  late  war, 
rhen  by  ignorance,  folly,  and  corrup- 
ion,  t^e  public  afiairs  were  reduced 
o  the  moft  deplorable  fituation,  this 
amily,  and  this  family  only,  refcued 
he  kin^om  from  the  fate  that  feem- 
>d  inevitably  to  await  it ;  and  from 
leing  the  moft  abfedfc  and  defpicable, 
t  became,  in  their  hands,  the  moft 
wwerfni  and  refpe6table  nation  upoa 
A»e  €ace  of  the  globe. 

It  has  been  aflerted,  by  the  friends 
»f  adnunitration,  that  the  earl  of 
BriftoPs  acceptance  of  the  privy- feat, 
in  the  room  of  the  Earl  of  Chatham, 
was  with  that  noble  lord's  confent : 
but  it  now  comes  out,  that  no  fuch 
confent  ever  exifted,  notwitbftanding 
any  unwarrantable  u(e  which  may 
have  been  made  of  his  lordfi)ip*s  name, 
by  fuppofed  friends.  There  is  the  beft 
authority  for  afluring  the  public,  that 
the  Earl  of  Cliatham  has  ftrongly  de- 
clared his  difapprobation  of  any  in- 
tended meafure  to  expel  Mr.  Wilkes. 
iPoUt.  Big.} 

ro  tbi  AUTHOR  of  the  LONDON 

MAGAZINE^ 
On  a  niiry  remarkabli  Ex<ommunicaim^ 

SIR,  ♦ 

€j*HE  ixtroB  rfa  letter  frohi  agartU- 
•*   man^  on  a  Journey  of pUaJkre  through 
the  north  of  England^  which  has  been 
inserted  in  feveral  of  the  public  papers, 
has   occaiioned  in  my  mind  fundry 
painful  i-efledtioni.— The  ftory  he  re- 
lates is  as  follows,  "  In  the  caftle  at 
Lancafter,  I  met  with  a  woman  in  her 
feventy-ninth  year,  who  has  been  a  pri- 
foner  there  near  eighteen  years.     I 
wondered  what  inexorable  creditor  or 
heinous  crime  had  occaiioned  fo  long 
a  confinement,  and  found  this  to  be 
the  cafe  x  The  poor  woman  had  appre- 
hended an  undoubted  right  to  a  certain 
feat  in  the  church  of  8t.  Peter^s  in  Li- 
verpoole— — her  antagonift^ot  her  into 
the  biihop*s  court,  by  which  (he  was 
excommunicated  with  the  greater  ex- 
communication, ^nd  in  confequence 
was  attached  by  a  writ  from  the  ihe- 
xi^t  and  committed  to  this  caftle,  in 
December  1750,  has  continued   there 
evet  $nce  upon  the  county  allowance 

f  fee  Mathx  ^'vni.  15— !$»  cm(^ 


€49' 

of  one  ihilljng  per  week— -She  waa 
dean  in  rags  ■  enfeebled  with  old 
age,  emaciated  with  clofe  imprifon* 
ment,  deftitute  of  every  relief,  op- 
preiTed  with  want  T*  See  London  CbroUm 
of^ov,  i».  • 

Aftonifhing  it  is  that  fuch  an  10  • 
ftance  of  unfeeling  barbarity  (hould 
be  found' in  a  land  of  liberty,  a  land' 
that  holds  in  abhorrence  the  croelttet' 
of  a  popifh  inquifitlon.  In  order  to 
form  fome  fatisfa^ory  idea  of  the  rea-* 
ion  or  ground  of  a  pretended  fonuer  of 
excommunication  being  fomewbere  lodg<* 
ed  in,  what  is  called,  (be  chriftian 
church,  I  have,  with  fome  care,  exa- 
mined the  New  Tetbment,  and  there 
1  find,  that  the  divine  Jefus  has  ^iveii 
no  other  rule  of  proceeding  againft  a 
trefpafiine  brother  but  this,— fr>y7,  to 
go  and  tell  him  his  fault  privately.  Se* 
eondh^  if  this  hat  no  effect,  to  take  one 
or  two  to  witness  the  accufation.  And* 
thirdly ^  if  this  has  no  impreflion,  then 
to  tell  it  to  the  church,  or  the  (bciety 
of  profefTors  of  which  he  is  a  member* 
And  if  he  negle^s  to  hear  the  churchf 
then,  and  not  till  then,  he  ir  to  be 
looked  upon  by  the  perfon  he  has  in* 
jured,  as  a  reprobate,  abandoned  per- 
fon, unfit  for  any  communion  *.  This 
is  all  the  direction  given  by  the  great 
lawgiver,  refpedling  the  of^nder. 

But  it  will  be  faid, — even  an  apoftle 
did  deliver  a  man  over  to  Satan  for  the 
difiruQion  oftbefiejb,  i  Cor.  v.  5.  why 
true  f  fo  he  did.  But  then  this  was  a 
perfon  guilty  of  taking  to  his  bed  bis 
father*s  wife.  A  very  unpardonable 
crime,  and  which  delerved  very  open 
punifhment.  Accordingly,  the  apoftle 
mflids  on  him  fome  bodily  fcourge 
that  Ruy  bring  him  to  repentance,  and 
dettroy  his  carnality,  but  he  does  not 
put  it  out  of  the  man's  power  to  be- 
think himfelf  and  reform,  and  he  no 
fooner  does-  this,  but  St.  Paul  patheti- 
cally exhorts  the  Corinthians,  whom 
he  had  forbidden  to  eat  with  him,  to 
receive  him  again  into  their  bofoms* 
See  a  epif.  ii.  6— is. 

But  here,  we  arc  to  obferve,  the 
apoftolic  rod  was  authoriaed  by  a  mi- 
raculous power,  the  crime  was  abomi- 
nable, and  there  was,  in  the  apofto* 
lie  age,  no  chriftian  magiftrate.  It  wae 
therefore  meet  that  the  apoftles  fiiould 
difcountenance  and  openly  punifh  all 
4  N  a  great 

JoHtiU  Qanon^  Vc,  Vol  h  f*  ijo. 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


650 


0»  a  remarkable  ExcammunieatioH. 


Dccv 


great  ftnmor&lities  among  their  con- 
vert!.—But  when  once  a  community 
was  become  chriftian,  the  civil  roagi- 
ftrate  would,  by  virtue  of  hit  office, 
be  a  terror  to  evil  doers.  Nor  does  it 
appear,  to  me,  that  excommunication 
has  the  lead  warrajAt  in  any  chridian 
fociety  ;  unlefs  it  be  on  account  of  no- 
torious grofs  immorality.  Such  was 
the  excommunicated  heretic  whom  St. 
Paul  bids  Titus  rejeft,  after  the  firlt 
and  fecond admonition;  ino^wpig,  that 
hi  that  isfucb  is  Jub*verted^  andjifmetb^ 
being  condemned  of  bimfelf  ♦.  A  vici- 
ous chara^cr.  Certainly  knowh  to  be 
fuch. 

ExcommuniaUhnSt  as  ufually  pra£li« 
led,  in  what  is  called  the  church,  have 
no  countenance  from  our  Lord  or  from 
any  of  his  apoftles.  They  cannot  at 
all  contribute  to  the  fervice  of  religion, 
nor  aid  the  caufe  of  chriftianity,  where 
the  civil  police  is  upon  any  humane  or 
fuft  eftablifhment. — The  very  plea 
of  borrowing  authority  from  the 
power  of  binding  and  locjing,  (which 
apoftles  themfelves  only  could  have,  as 
they  were  the  publi(hers  of  the  gofpel 
do^rine,  and  that  muft  be  the  rule  of  the 
final  judgment  j)  is  a  pretence  which 
is  futile  and  untenable.  In  trutlt  and 
fa£l,  there  is  no  authority  inveiled  in 
any  human  mind,  over  the  confciences 
f>f  men.  The  apoftles  did  abfolutely 
deny  they  had  any.  Nay,  Jefus  Chrift 
himfelfafcribes  all  the  authority  of  his 
own  teachings,  to  their  being  the  word, 
the  commandment,  and  will  of  his 
father.  The  power  of  binding  and 
loofing,  we  have  fully  iignified  in  their 
commifTion,  he  that  beJie'veth  Jball  he 
Javedy  and  be  that  belwueth  not  Jball  be 
damned.  Hence  they,  the  apodles, 
were  a  fatior  of  life  unto  life,  and  a 
fa^vor  of  death  unto  death  alfo. 

But  what  is  all  this  to  the  purpofe  of 
invefting  men  with  any  fimilar  powers 
£nce  the  age  of  the  apodles  ?  The  New 
Ttllament-writiiigs  do  contain  in 
Jthemfelves  the  whole  of  that  power. 
And  the  opinion  or  interpretation 
v/hich  any  man  forms  of  thofe  writings. 
Can  bind  no  one  but  himfclf.  There 
is  no  human  authority  that  either  can 
Aow,  or  ever  could  bind  the  confcience, 
•or  give  law  to  the  religion  of,  man. 

Bxcontmumcations,  ufed  as  the  (tg- 
natures  of  chur<;h- power,  are  with- 
out any  warrant,     that  I    am    able 


to  6nd,  in  any  of  the  teacfatim  aC 
God;  /r  /.  either  in  the  book  of  rea- 
fon  and  nature,  or  in  the  volume  ot 
revelation.  They  fuit  the  fpiiit  oT 
popery,  where  the  fru^  exerciies  a. 
dominion  over  the  faith  and  under* 
(landings  of  men :  Where  the  people^ 
are  fatisfied  with  becoming  the  vaflak 
of  a  fpiritual  tyranny— -but  the3r  are 
utterly  inconiiftent  with  the  exercile  o£ 
the  moft  facred  rights  of  the  bumas 
mind.  The  papift,  with  his  ufual  16- 
phiftry,  difallows  of  the  church  ufing 
any  coercive  meafures  upon  thoie 
whom  (he  excommunicates*  Oo  the 
contrary,  (he  would  be  thought  to 
be  full  of  chriftian  pity  and  tender- 
nefs,  when  (he  delivers  over  to  the 
fecular  arm.— And,  methinlcs,  Anne* 
thing  like  this,  probably,  D>ight  be 
pleaded  in  defence  of  the  greater  ex* 
communication  from  the  bimop^tcourt^ 
in  the  cafe  of  the  poor  woman  prifo* 
net  in  Lancafter  caftle;  for  we  are 
told,  that  in  confequence  of  that  ex- 
communication* Jbe  nuoi  attMched  by  ^ 
fwritfrom  the  Jberiff,  amd  fo  emnwuiudm 
What  woidd  have  been  the  efficacy  of 
the  excommunication  without  the  aid 
of  the  re(;ular  arm  does  not  appear^ 
But  I  am  led  to  conclude,  that  if  this 
is  the  conftitution,  of  the  biihop*t 
court,*— »viz.  that  the  biihop  is  to 
certify  the  excommunication  into  the 
temporal  courts,  fetting  forth  fpeciall^ 
the  caufe  of  excommunication,  k 
muft  follow,  that  all  which  can  be  in* 
tended  by  the  ixcommumcat^  ca^mda^ 
or  the  writ  diredked  to  the  (hersff  for 
apprehending  the  excommunicated 
perfon,  muft  be  confidered  as  giving 
the  fpiritand  penal  energy  of  that  ex- 
communication :  and,  confequently. 
the  pretence  of  the  fpiritual  power 
having  nothing  to  do  with  the  coer* 
cive  mealures,  is  extremely  idle  and 
fallacious. 

But  yet,  a  popifii  writer  has  the 
afTurance  to  exprefs  himlelf  thus  s— <-« 
*<  There  are  few  proteftants  in  £ng* 
land,  who  make  the  leati  doubt  that 
it  is  a  religious  principle  of  popery  to 
perfecute  heretics  capiully,  and  pu* 
nidi  them  for  their  religion  with 
death  or  corporal  pains ;  yet  it  is  a 
certain  truth,  that  by  a  decifion  uni- 
verially  acknowledged  and  obeyed  in 
that  church,  her  powers  of  perfecuti^yi 
are  very  limited,  and  (he  is  exprefsly 

'   forbid 


$aif-excommunicatedt   S^ee  Crovfj  Sirm^  Vol*  W*  /•  175* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


brbid  by  her  own  lawt  to  inflift  anjr 
;orporal  pumlhnicnt  eren  on  convi^ 
leretics,  and  on  that,  or  any  pre- 
ence  whatfoever,  to  touch  life  or 
imb  ♦."— — Thua  can  the  papift  prc- 
urae  to  play,  in  all  the  wantonnefa 
^  hit  infolent  fpirit,  with  the  under- 
tandings  of  mankind  1 

Am  Eunry  tQ  C&urcb' Power* 


Averyjuft  Satire. 


€51 


ro    iA^  PRINTER,   &c. 
SIR, 

EVERY  village  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  this  great  City  ^as  one 
)r  two  little  fchools,  where  young  la- 
lies  are  boarded  and  educated.  The 
txpence  being  fmall,  hither  the  black- 
hiith»  the  alehoufe- keeper,  the  (boe- 
naker,  the  barber,  the  butcher,  the 
Mker,  Sec,  &c.  Sec.  fends  his  daugh- 
:er,  who,  from  the  moment  (he  enters, 
>econies  a  roung  lady.  The  parent's 
ntention  is  honeft :  His  time  is  too 
nuch  taken  up,  as  well  as  his  wife*s, 
>y  the  neceflfary  duties  of  his  profef- 
ton,  to  have  any  to  beftow  on  the 
education  of  their  children ;  they  are 
herefore  obliged  to  fend  them  from 
lome :  This  being  the  cafe,  there 
}ught  certainly  to  be  'proper  fchoolt 
'or  their  reception :  But  furely  the 
>lanof  thefe  fchools  (hould  differ  as 
nuch  from  that  of  the  great  fchools, 
ntended  for  the  daughters  of  the  no- 
>ility  and  gentry,  as  the  ftation  in  life 
>r  the  fcholars  at  the  one  differs  from 
:hofe  of  the  other.  This  is,  how. 
rver,  fo  far  from  being  the  cafe,  that, 
:be  article  of  ex  pence  excepted,  the 
plan  is  the  fame ;  and  the  daughter  of 
;be  loweft  fhopkeeper  at  one  of  thefe 
fchools,  is  as  much  Mifs,  and  a  young 
Lady,  as  the  daughter  of  the  firft  viu 
:ount  in  England  at  one  of  the  other. 
The  miftrefs  of  the  fchool  it  called  CO' 
vcrne/s,  for  the  word  Miftrcfs  has  a 
vulgar  found  with  it  |  and  Af//>,  whofe 
Mamma  fells  oyfters,  telb  MifSf  whofe 
Father  deals  in  fmall-coal,  that  her 
Govemefs  (hall  know  it,  if  (he  fpits  in 
tier  face,  or  does  any  thing  elfe  unbe- 
coming a  young  lady.  Were  a  fo- 
reigner, acquainted  with  our  lan- 
guage, to  overhear  a  converfation  of 
this  kind,  and  fome  fuch  coqver/ation 
is  to  be  heard  t^try  day  in  fome  alley 
or  other  in  this  town,  how  would  he 
be  aftoni(hed  at  the  opulence  of  a 
puatryi  where  the  meaneit  tradefmen 


kept  governeflcs  for  their  daughters. 
French  and  dancing  is  likewife  taught 
at  thefe  Schools,  neither  of  which  can 
be  of  any  ufe  to  ladies  of  this  ibrt. 
The  parents  may  imagine  the  firft 
may  procure  them  a  place,  but  in  this 
they  may  be  greatly  miftaken,  as  there 
is  hardly  a  (ingle  mftance  of  a  girPa 
having  learned  that  language  to  anv 
degree  of  perfe^ion  at  one  of  the(e 
fchools.  I  (hall  only  mention  that  it 
cannot  po(ribly  be  of  ufe  to  them,  and 
that  it  would  be  of  much  more  confe- 
quence,  they  (hould  be  well  in(lru£led 
how  to  wa(h  the  floor,  than  bow  to 
dance  upon  it.  I  am  very  certain 
there  are  feveral  fathers  of  this  rank, 
who  have  had  caufe  to  wiih  their 
daughters  had  loft  the  ufe  of  their 
limbs,  rather  than  been  taught  this 
pernicious  ufe  of  them  by  the  dan- 
cing matter,  the  confequence  of  which 
has  often  been  that  of  inducing  them 
to  quit  their  parents  fober  dwelling  at 
midnight,  for  the  licentious  liberties 
of  a  ball  of  'prentices,  where  the 
young  lady,  no  governefs  prefent,  maf 
be  expofed  to  great  dangers,  at  a  place 
where  the  fchemc  for  the  ruin  of  mai- 
ny  an  innocent  girl  has  been  formed 
and  executed.  The  needlework  taught 
at  thefe  Jchpols  is  of  a  k'md  much 
more  likely  to  ftrengthen  the  na- 
tural propeniity  in  all  young  minds  to 
(hew  and  drefs,  than  to  anfwer  any 
houfewifely  purpofe.  One  of  thele 
young  ladies,  with  the  afliftance  of  afe 
ounce  of  coarfe  thread,  and  a  yard  of 
catgut,  dre(res  herfelf  up  in  what  has 
the  appearance  of  Bru(rels  lace,  or 
Point. 

How  difappointed  will  the  honeft 
fiiopkeeper  be,  if,  at  an  age  when  he 
thinks  proper  to  take  his  daughter 
from  fchool,  he  (hould  expe^  any  af- 
fiftancefrom  her.  Can  he  fuppofe  « 
young  lady  will  weigh  his  foap'  for 
him  ?  or  perform  any  other  office,  tlie 
gentility  of  her  education  has  exalted 
her  fo  far  above?  Though  ignorant 
of  every  thing  cl(c,  (he  will  be  fo  per- 
fe&  in  the  lefions  of  pride  and  vanity, 
that  (he  will  defpife  him  and  his  nafly 
(hop,  and  quit  both  to  go  off  with  the 
firft  man  who  promifes  her  a  (ilk  gown 
and  a  blond  cap.  In  (hort,  the  plan  of 
thefe  fchools  appe&rs  much  bettercalcu- 
lated  to  quality  the  fcholars  to  becom^ 
in  a  few  years,  proper  inhabitants  w 

the 
f  A  Fru  J^aminationt  p.  103, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6s^  R  I  D  I  C 

the  MagJalen  Honfp,  tbsn  to  make  of 
them  induftrioufl  frugal  wives  to  bo« 
neft  tradefmen,  or  ibber  faitbfol  (er* 
▼antt :  And  I  cannot  fuppofe  the  am- 
bition of  any  father  of  this  rank,  au 
Jnongft  us,  rifes  higher  than  to  fee 
his  children  in  one  or  the  other  of 
theCt  ftarions.  That  he  may  not  be 
difappointed  in  fo  laudable  a  view,  I 
would  propofe  (chools  for  the  edu- 
cation of  fuch  girls  by  difereet  wo- 
men I  thofe  who  have  been  faoufe- 
keepers  *  in  large  families  would  be 
the  propereft  perfonsibr  this  purpoie  t 
That  the  young  people  (hould  be 
taught  fubmiflion  and  humility  to 
thetr  fuperiors,  decency,  and  modefty 
in  their  own  drefs  and  behaviour  i 
That  they  (hould  be  very  well  tnftrud- 
ed  in  all  kinds  of  plain  work,  reading, 
writing,  and  accounts,  paftry,  pick- 
ling, and  preferving,  and  other 
branches  of  cookeiy,  and  be  taught 
to  wa{h  lace  and  other  linen :  Thus  in- 
truded, they  may  be  of  great  ufe  to 
f  htir  parents  and  hu(bands,  they  ihay 
have  a  right  to  expcd  the  kindeft 
treatment  from  their  miftrefles,  they 
•re  Hire  to  be  refpeded  as  ufeful 
nembert  of  fodety  t  Whereas  Toufig 
LaJies  are  the  moft  uftleft  of  adl  God's 
creatures. 

I  am,  Sir,  yoor*S|  &c. 

^6  tbt  PRINTER,  &€.' 
SIR, 

THERE  is  nothing  which  cre- 
ates more  animofity  and  diftur- 
bance  in  the  common  intercourfeof  life, 
Ihaa  farm  and  ceremony.The  influence 
of  a  ridiculous  etiquette  extends  to 
the  great,  vulgar,  a«)d  the  fmall.  I 
am  an  inhabitant  of  a  little  town  at 
feme  diftance  from  London,  where  I 
have  for  many  years  had  the  pleafure 
to  fee  my  neighbours  living  m  peace 
end  harmony,  and  vifiting  one  ano- 
ther without  form.  But  all  on  a  fud- 
den  the  demon  of  Difcord  broke  in 
amon^  us,  ;ind  threw  the  whole  vil- 
lage into  confufion.  About  three 
years  ago  the  lady  of  a  city  knight, 
yiWo  was  originally  the  illegitimate 
daughter  of  a  French  valet;  and,  du- 
ring the  time  of  her  fpinfterhood, 
had  been  in  the  capacity  of  a  mantoa- 


ULCUS 

maker,  a  milliaer. 


Dec 

and  a  ladvVwai 
man,  came  hither  ibr  the  aanmcr 
ieafi>n,  and  carried  the  bufiaelii  of  ce* 
remoay  to  fuch  an  exceft,  tfeat  ite 
heads  of  all  my  female  aeigbboers 
have  been  turned  ever  fioce  with  ai- 
jufting  the  mmftilms  of  place  and  pre* 
cedencv.  In  the(e  delicate  poiots  liU 
tie  trifiing  XMaifions  and  ioadvertea- 
cies  have  created  piques  and  preiodices, 
between  peribnt  who  were  fonAerly 
the  moft  intimate  friends.  Some  tiaie 
ago  Mi(s  Kitty  Gtmp,  wbofe  ladier 
it  an  eminent  haberdaflier,  afTored  mi^ 
that  her  Mamma  and  Mrs.  Orofraia^ 
at  the  ftuff-flkop,  had  never  fpolZea  t» 
one  another  lince  the  great  root  at 
Mrs.  Cadwallader^'si  for  that  Mn. 
Grogram,  had  prefumcd  to  take  her 
tea  before  her  Mamma,  .  withooC 
any  kind  of  apology,  though  bcf 
pappa  at  that  time  was  fenkr- 
churchwardea,   and  a  man  of  mndi 

S eater  property  in  the    parUh  than 
r.  Orogram,  who  had  formerly  been 
a  bankjupt,  and  kt  kxiginga  in  Lea* 
don  \  that  on  the  feme  account  Mrs. 
Lane  and  Mrs.  Jnlep  had   kept  at  a 
diftance  ever  fince,  though  before  tbey 
had  been  intiihate  xompaniont }  tl^ 
for  reafoos  of  the  like  nature  there 
had  been  a  fracas  between  Mrs.  Lote* 
(bring  and  Mrs.  Duftel,  a  difcord  be« 
tween  Mrs.  Tweedle  and  Mrs.  Diddle^ 
a  fhyncfs  between  Mrs.  Hombocklt 
and  Mrs.  Gulix,    a  coldneis  between 
Mrs.    Fig    and     Mrs.   Chefhire^    a 
downright  quarrel  between  Mrs.  Mar> 
rowbone  and    Mrs^  Small  wort,    and» 
in  (hort,  a  reciprocal  jealoufy  between 
almoft  all  the  ladies  in  the  pariflu*^— 
Upon  my  obferving,  that  I  bad  not 
heard  of  any  difference  between  fiMse 
jof  the  principal  families  in  the 
Mils  Kitty  replied,  that  it  nT^ 
true  {    nobody  dtfputed  the  right  oif 
precedency  with  Lady  Callipaih}  nor 
was  there  any  conteft  betwreen  Mnu 
Chry(bftome  at  the  redory,  and   Mrs. 
Foxchace  at  the  Grange,  though  Mr. 
Foxcbafe  was  juftice  of  the  peace  and 
efquire  t  becaule  that  Mr.  duylbftoaM 
was  originally  efquire,  but  had  dropt 
that  appellation  when  he  becanae  revc- 
>  rend,,  a^  an  inferior  title  i  and  that  the 
fourth  place  was  oniverially  givesi  np 


^    *  Perhaps  ferious  ^indprudint  tuuhtwSf  <iuAa  have  bad  faMiUes,  vmUd  bg  bttUf 
^alified  f  incidcatt  bimilitj  and  mideftj  iiMf  ib^  mmds^  ibam  httfi  ktiffrs  4 

iar^e  families^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.  Country   P 

o  Mrs.  Cadwallader,  as  Aie  was  of  an 
mcient  family  in  Wales,  but  that  the 
^lace  and  precedency  of  all  the  reft 
vas  not  fo  particularly  determined. 
—In  (hort,  thcfe  unhappy  differcncci 
lad  fuch  an  effe^>  that  an  end  was 
lut  to  all  their  ufual  vi/its,  and  mutual 
;ood  offices*  Cur4iies  and  falutations 
10  longer  pall  at  church,  their  chtU 
Iren  were  baptized  in  private,  and  aU 
noft  all  the  whole  winter  was  fpent 
yitliout  a  party.  Cenforious  obferva- 
ions  and  flanderous  reports  were  all 
heir  topics  of  converfation,  and  one 
miverfal  gloom  bad  taken  pofleflion 
)f  the  whole  village.  Things  went 
>n  in  this  manner  for  a  tVvelvemonth, 
vben  my  Lord  DafFydowndilly  came 
lither  to  canvafs  for  a  feat  in  parlia- 
nent  s  and,  as  he  was  a  gentleman  of 
>;reat  politenefs,  he  propofed  to  enter- 
ain  the  ladies  of  the  parifh  with  a 
:ard-aflembly  and  a  dance  $  but  how 
ro  bring  them  together,  and  fettle  the 
ceremonial,  was  a  matter  of  great  difH- 
rulty,  and  required  uucommon  ad- 
irefs.  At  laft  however  he  adjufted 
hefe  mighty  contefts  by  a  declaration, 
>r  placart,  which  he  ordered  to  be 
)ublickly  notified,  to  the  following 
jffeft.  *«  His  lordlhip  on  Tuefday  next 
ixpe^s,  that  ail  the  ladies  of  the  pa- 
*im  will  favour  him  with  the  pleafure 
>f  their  company  at  his  aflembly. 
^nd  having  well  and  duely  weighed 
be  difputes  which  at  pretent  fubfiH 
imong  them,  he  propofes,  that  if  any 
lifference  ihould  arife,  on  this  occa- 
Tion,  the  lady  who  is  the  prettieft,  and 
rhe  mod  accomplifhed  of  the  two, 
[hall  give  place  and  precedency  to  the 
>ther." 

The  ladies  upon  this  un^xpe^led  de- 
:1a ration  were  fo  confounded,  that 
lone  of  them  pretended  to  infill  up- 
>n  their  rank;  but  every  one  had 
uch  an  opinion  of  her  own  perfon  and 
iccompliihnients  that  the  queftion  was 
lot  who  fhould  take  her  tea,  draw  for 
ler  feat  at  the  card-tnble,  place  her- 
elf  on  the  upperhand,  or  go  out  firll, 
>ut  who  Ihould  be  lad. 

By  this  happy  expedient  I  am  now 
n  hopesy  that  all  animoiities  will  foon 
)e  buried  in  oblivion  ;  and  peace  and 
aarmony,  fociety  and  good  neighbour- 
hood, edablifhed  among  us  ;  for  which 
wc  are  infinitely  obliged  to  the  pciite* 
lefs  and  ingenuity  of  my  Lord  Paffy- 
lown-diUy.  I  am,  Sir,  your'#,^&c. 
JSRRY  JoN^y*^'" 


UN  C  T  1  LI  OS.  6^3 

To  the  PRINTER,   &c. 
S  I  R, 

OF  all  the  vanities  which  are  daily 
aftcd  under  the  fun,  none  ap- 
pear more  unaccountable  to  a  curfory 
obferver  than  the  prodigality  with 
which  riches  are  fquandered  in  youth, 
and  the  avidity  with  which  they  are 
fought  after  in  old  age.  Every  man 
who  comes  into  the  world  may  aflure 
bimfelf  that  he  is  one  day  to  leave  it : 
and  the  expNcrience  of  every  hour,  as 
well  as  the  hiflery  of  former  generati- 
ons,  may  convince  him,  that  a  century 
will  include  the  terra  of  his  temporary 
exiflence.'  It  fhould  thenfeem  reafona- 
ble  that  the  lefs  of  that  term  we  h;id  run 
through,  the  more  careful  fhould  we 
be  of  the  means  of  fupporting  life,  and 
that  every  year  which  rolled  over  our 
heads,  as  it  took  from  thefumofth« 
day's  we  had  to  fpend,  fo  fhould  it  pro- 
portionably  leflen  our  anxiety  for  the 
goods  of  fortune :  But  when,  on  the 
contrary,  we  fee  thofe  who  have  the 
greatefl  number  of  years  in  profpeft 
the  lead  careful  of  the  means  of  pafling 
them  with  fatisfa6lion,  and  that  as 
the  back  bends  with  infirmities,  an^ 
the.  head  whitens  with  age,  the  defire 
of  riches  gathers  ftrength  and  vigour, 
how  can  we  help  pionouncing  man  to 
be  a  mydery  to  himfelf,  and  the  moft 
.  inconfittent  of  all  God's  creatures !  Yet 
with  all  this  appearance  of  abfurdity, 
men  do  not  even  in  thefe  indances  aft 
without  the  concurrence  of  reafon  :  For 
that  eagernefs  after  wealth,  which  is 
remarked  to  be  the  univerfal  concom- 
mitant  of  old  age,  is  not  generated  by 
a  dcfirc  of  enjoying  it,  but  has  it*s 
fource  in  the  pride  of  living  indepen- 
dent of  our  fellow  creatures,  and  is 
nouridied  by  the  dread  of  the  calami- 
ties a^endant  on  poverty :  Neither  is 
the  youth's  difrcgard  of  money  to  be 
attributed  to  ignorance  of  it's  value, 
or  inattention  to  the  ufes  he  may 
have  for  it  in  future,  but  it  is 
founded  on  the  confidence  he  places  in 
his  bodily  flrength,  and. a  prcCump- 
tuous  dependence  that  his  abilities 
will  always  be  fufiicient  to  procure  him 
fudenance. 

The  man  who  feels  no  infirm  jiy> 
may  have  no  apprehenfions  of  a  Cck 
bed,*and  may  flatter  himfelf  that  he 
has  dill  time  enough  to  provide  for 
the  imbecility  of  old  age  ;  but  he  who 
feels  the  decay  of  nature,  and  is  con- 
fciouf  of  his  incapacity  to  provide  ne- 

cciKirisf 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Excellent  Reflect  ioms; 


^54 

ceflTarics  for  himfelf,  and  whofe  expe- 
rience has  taught  him  the  {Mihntfs  of 
profeflions  of  fricndfhip,  and  (hewn 
compaflion  to  he  a  precarious  dcpenij- 
ance,  muft  grafp  the  bag  with  ardor, 
and  count  over  it's  (hining  contentt 
with  delight,  when  he  rcflcas  that 
they  alone  can  in  the  cftimation  of  the 
world  fupply  the  place  of  labour,  they 
alone  can  find  reft  for  the  limbt  which 
totter  under  their  burden,  and  pro- 
cure cordials  fdr  the  heart  that  is  burft- 
ing  with  anguifh. 

Generofity  is,  therefore,  as  fuitablc 
to  the  beginning  of  life,  as  Frugality 
is  to  the  latter  end  of  it;  and  difpofi- 
tions,  which  are  alike  conformable  to 
our  different  circiimftanccs,  are  cer- 
tainly alike  commendable.  The  mis- 
fortune, however,  is,  that  generofity, 
when  indifcretely  indulged  in  youth, 
frequently  leads  to  extravagance  and 
criminal  difTipation  5  and  that  fruga- 
lity, when  it  is  made  the  bufincfs  of 
advanced  li(e,  often  grows  into  nig- 
gardlinefs  and  avarice. 

But  although  each  of  thefe  vices  are 
equally  odious,  yet  the  treatment 
which  each  meets  with  in  the  world 
is  very  different :  Avarice  in  an  old 
man  is  only  termed  excefs  of  prudence ; 
while  prodigality  in  a  youth  is  (tiled 
the  offspring  of  follv.  This  happens 
becaufe  it  is  the  aged  who  give  laws  to 
the  world ;  and  every  man  is  fond  to 
excufe  the  vices  to  which  he  finds  him- 
felf addicted,  and  to  (ligmatize  thofe 
to  which  he  finds  no  incitement.  And 
hence  it  is  that  we  often  fee  a  parent 
difinherit  a  worthy  fon,  whofe  only 
crime  is  negligence  of  his  pecuniary 
affairs ;  whilft  he  cherifhes  a  wretch 
who  deviates  from  every  path  of  ho- 
nour and  virtue,  becaufe  he  is  careful 
of  his  money.  Yet  whatever  may  be 
faid  in  extenuation  of  the  vice  of  ava- 
rice in  the  aged,  nothing  fure  can  be 
urged  in  averfion  of  the  heavicft  cen- 
furc  on  the  youth  who  fuffers  the  love 
of  money  to  be  his  ruling  paffion  :  For 
he  who,  in  the  bloom  and  vigour  of 
life,  can  place  his  confidence  in  wealth, 
inuft  be  unconfcious  of  any  good  qua- 
lity by  which  he  might  hope  to  recom- 
mend himfelf  to  the  favour  of  thofe 
who  have  the  power  to  ferve  him ;  nor 
is  the  prodigal,  who,  although  he  dif- 
fipates  his  fortune,  and  reduces  him- 
felf from  affluence  to  labour  and  want, 
fcatters  plenty  on  the  indudrioUs^  and 


(upplies  the  cravings  of  the  needy,  to 
be  held  equally  criminal  with  the  man, 
who,  to  fecure  to  himfelf  the  good 
things  of  this  life,  independent  of  the 
good- will  of  his  fellow,  creatures,  locks 
up  the  means  of  fub/iftence  from  thoa- 
fands,  and  **  turns  the  hungry  empty 
away.''* 

The  prefent  cuftora  of  elBnaatTng 
the  vahie  of  every  man  by  the  Gtt  of 
his  fortunt  it,  indeed,  a  ftrong  temp- 
tation to  the  young  as  well  as  to  the 
aged  to  confider  riches  as  their  chief- 
eft  good,  and  poverty  as  the  moft 
(hockingof  all  vices.  Butthechriftian, 
who  hat  another  method  of  valuing 
things,  and  whofe  profpeft  into  futu- 
rity extends  beyond  the  ^'mits  of  tfaii 
life,  will  confider  wealth  as  an  advea- 
titious  good,  and  that  virtuous  difpo- 
tions  are  more  to  be  prized  than  large- 
nefs  of  poffeflions. 

The  inequalities  of  tlie  moral,  as 
well  as  thofe  of  the  natural  world,  he 
knows  to  have  their  ufes,  and  to  be 
oidaincd  for  purpofes  equally  wife.  If 
fome  are  raifed  to  eminency,  it  is  not 
to  indulge  them  in  the  pleafure  of  over- 
looking others,  but  that  they  may  be- 
come fountains  of  benevolence  ;  that 
the  bleflings  which  theyrefpire  may  be 
diffufed  in  (treamc  of  bounty  and  mu- 
nificence amongft  tho(e  who  daily  pay 
back  a  portion  of  the  gift  in  grateful  . 
exhalations  to  the  iburce  of  all  good- 
nefs. 

Every  fituation  in  life  has  it^s  at- 
tendant 6bHgations,  and  as  we  are 
told  that  the  reward  of  fidelity  wUl  not 
be  proportioned  to  the  poft  occupied* 
but  to  the  vigilance  of  the  centinel,  it 
isrof  fmall  importance  whether  our  let 
places  us  in  the  front  or  in  the  rear.  In 
every  ftation  we  may  rely  on  bis  pro- 
tection, who  Tiitmberetb  tbi  bairs  ofsur 
beads,  and  whofe  tender  mercy  is  9^'er 
all  bis  tjuerks :  He  it  is  that  commands 
us  to  caft  all  our  cares  upon  him,  and 
he  will  fupply  all  our  neceffities  :  He 
it  is  that  aflures  us,  TTutt  nvhen  tkepesr 
and  tbe  needy  pek  nvater,  and  there  is 
noney  and  ibeir  iongu£  faiUtbfor  thlrjl^ 
I  the  Lord  *will  bear  them ;  /  ibe  Cod  ef 
J/rael  ivill  notforjaie  them. 

Labour  he  has  indeed  entailed  upon 
all  the  pofterity  of  Adam  as  the  tem- 
poral punifhmentof  his  tranfgrcflloni 
and  it  would  be  afting  in  contraven- 
tion of  his  own  decree,  (liould  he  pro- 
cure iuilcoance  for  us  otberwiie  than 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


17^8. 


Metmrial  for  the  Corficans. 


%5 


he  feeds  the  ravens  t  He  provides  for 
them  in  the  mortality  of  other  animals^ 
and  for  us  by  a  providential  dlttribu- 
tion  of  rain  and  funtfiine.  They  mufft 
ufe  vigilancce  and  induftry  to  icck 
their  prey,  and  man  muft  till  the  earth 
and  fow  the  feed  before  he  can  cxpedt 
the  harveft.  The  children,  whom  we 
have  been  the  inltrumcnts  of  bring- 
ing into  being,  it  is  certainly  our  duty 
to  provide  for  in  their  infancy,  and  to 
endeavour  to  place  them  in  fuch  a  Sta- 
tion in  advanced  life,  that  their  being 
may  be  eligible  to  them.  But  as  they 
are  equally  wiih  ourfclves  comprehend- 
ed in  Adam's  tranrgreifion,  it  is  no 
part  of  our  duty  to  I'pend  our  whole 
fives  in  labour  and  anxiety,  without  al- 
lowing ourfelves  any  refpite  for  doing 
good,  or  confidering  our  ways  merely 
to  exempt  them  from  partaking  in  the 
denunciation  againft  Adam*s  pofterity, 
or  to  deliver  them  from  any  neceflity 
of  being  a6liveor  induftrious.  Indeed 
if  we  confide  in  the  promifes  of  htm 
mrho  made  both  us  and  them,  we  ihall 
take  a  much  furer  method  of  providing 
for  them,  by  giving  them  a  virtuous 
and  religious  education,  and  fetting 
before  them  an  example  of  a  good  life, 
than  by  heaping  up  riche«  for  them 
by  oppreffion,  and  increafing  their  in- 
heritance with  the  fpoils  of  the  poor. 
/  ba<ve  beenyoungt  fays  T>^v\i\^  andnonv 
ttm  oUf  and  yet  ntverfaixj  I  the  righteous 
forfaketty  uor  bis  feed  beg^i^tg  tbeir  bread. 

The  fovereign  difpofer  of  all  things, 
it  cannot  be  fuppofed  will  withhold 
thofe  blefllngs  from  his  fervants,  which 
be  bellows  on  the  unjud }  nor  can  wwe, 
without  banl(hing  his  providence  from 
the  fuperintendancy  of  worldly  af- 
fairs, imagine  but  that  **  atf  things 
will  work  together  for  good  to  them 
p^ho  love  him/*  The  whole  fcheme 
»f  outj*eligion  is  indeed  fo  contrary  to 
ivarice,  or  an  anxious  dcfire  of  wealth, 
that  we  have  afluranccs  from  the  di- 
vine author  of  it  faimfelf,  that  it  is 
hardly  pofllble  for  a  rich  man  to  enter 
into  his  kingdom,  and  that  no  man 
who  is  the  flave  of  this  world  can  be 
lis  iervant.  A  man  may  call  himfelf 
I  chriftian  if  he  will,  but  if  he  fc rapes 
•ogeiher  wealth  with  the  avidity  of  a 
nifer,  and  hoards  it  with  the  anxiety 
>f  an  avaricious  man,  he  furely  gives 
lis  conduct  in  evidence  agninfl  the 
ruth  of  his  profeilions,  and  manifefls 
:o  the  world,  that  he  places  more  de- 

Dff^,  1768. 


pendanceon  riches  for  fnpplying  hit 
neceflitiet,  than  on  the  afluvances  of 
the  captain  of  Our  filvation.  If  we 
trace  the  confeoueaces  of  thts  de'tef-* 
taWe  vice,  we  mall  quickly  perceive, 
that  there  is  none  among  thofe  which 
we  are  required  to  abftain  from  as  ^he 
beginnings  of  Sin,  that  is  more  hor* 
ridly  attended,  and  none  from  the  in- 
.dulgence  of  which  it  was  greater  mercy 
to  wirn  us.— The  love  of  money  Itat 
■  topped  the  ears  of  the  mcrcifol  againft 
the  cries  of  the  wretcheH — the  pitying 
eye  it  has  turned  away  from  beholding 
fcenes  of  mifery  and  calamity — the 
tongue  it  has  prompted  to  utter  falfe- 
hood— the  hands  it  has  taught  tofteal-^ 
and  the  heart  it  has  hardened  to  deli- 
berate upon  murder !  .  . .  What  more 
Can  be  added  ? — And  yet  there  is  an- 
other   crime    behind and    Jet    the 

chriftian  who  has  cherished  this  adder 
in  his  bofom,  tremble  when  he  rccol- 
has  it ! — It  was  for  the  lucre  of  thirty 
pieces  of  filver  that  Ifcariot  betrayed 
his  Lord  and  Saviour,  and  made  the 
name  of  Judas  to  all  generations  as 
hateful  as  that  of  the  devil  himfelf. 

One  of  the  people. 

Memorial  for  a  Contribution  in  Bebalf 

of  the  Brave  Coi  ficans. 
"  ^T  O  man  can  be  a  true  lover  of 
xN  liberty  in  his  own  countrVt 
who  does  not  love  to  fee  it  flouri(h  m 
every  other:  An  indifference  to  the 
liberties  of  neighbouring  nations  is  a 
fiire  forerunner  of  indifference  to  thofe 
of  the  nation  to  which  we  belong  \  if 
the  one  is  not  rather  a  fure  mark,  that 
we  are  already  arrived  at  the  other. 
Of  all  principles,  the  pafH on  for  free- 
dom  wherever  fhe  is  to  be  found,  ought 
molt  to  be  cultivated  in  free  nations) 
nor  only  becaufe  it  infpircs  generous 
and  high  thoughts  in  thecitizms,  but 
becaule  k  cements  free  nations  toge- 
ther} gives  them  a  common  intereifi 
forms  them  into  a  common  bulwark 
againft  tyranny;  and,  on  the  princi- 
ples of  private  viitue,  founds  publit 
fccurity.  From  policy,  perhaps,  as 
much  as  from  virtue,  the  Romans 
afte6>cd  to  be  the  patrons  of  the  liberty 
of  mankind  j  and  hence  they  ^me  to 
govern  the  world.  In  thePeloponne- 
lian  vi'ar,  as  defcribed  by  Thucydides, 
the  different  dates  of  Greece  joined 
with  Athens,  or  with  Sparta,  accord- 
ing as  the  different  conltitu^JQns  of 
4  O  •heir 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


156 


Call  of  Liberty  J  bow  Pamerfut. 


Bee. 


their  ftatei  rercmbled  that  democra- 
t  cal,  or  that  oligarchical  form  of  go- 
vernment, in  one  or  other  of  which, 
the  fyftcm  of  \y\itT\y  was,  at  that  pc- 
riod,  thought  to  be  comprehended. 
When  the  fpcaker  of  the  Houfc  of 
Commons  gave  thanks  to  King  WiU 
liam  and  the  Dutch,  for  their  fervices 
in  the  revolution,  he  put  the  king  in 
mind  that  the  Dutch  had  now  repaid 
to  the  Enelifh  that  prote6tion  which 
the  Englim  had  a  century  before,  be- 
(lowed  upon  them.  The  courtiera 
&w  unpolitenefs  in  the  remark  ;  but 
the  deliverer  of  Europe  beard  ix  with 

ftleafure.  In  fliort,  no  maxim  in  po. 
itics  can  be  more  true,  than  that  tree 
nations  furrounded  with  nations  that 
are  nat  free,  (hbuld  encourage  and  pro> 
^6>  freedom  abroad  as  well  as  at  home. 
No  nation,  cither  ancient  or  mo- 
dern, has  ever  felt  more  ttrongly  the 
force  of  thcfe  generous  principles  than 
the  Englifh-  They  adore  the  memory 
of  Qnecn  Elizabeth  becaufe  (hcftretch- 
fd  her  prote^ion  to  the  perfecuted 
proteftants  in  France  and  the  Ne- 
thei  lands.  They  del'pife  that  of  King 
James,  becaufe  he  tamtly  gave  up  the 
Palatinate  to  the  rage  of  her  enemies. 
The  fird  complaints  againit  €hatles, 
2.  arofe  from  his  defer tion  of  the  Ha^ 
guenots  in  France.  Cromweirs  crimes 
are  almoft  pardoned  in  the  high  tone 
of  fuperiority,  which,  in  the  caufe  of 
England,  or  of  thofe  befriended  by 
England,  .he  affumed  over  other  na- 
tions. The  Erglifh  (Hook  Charles  11. 
on  his  throne,  becaufe  he  endeavoured 
to  dedroy  one  of  the  bulwarks  of  li- 
berty  in  Europe,  and  dethroned  his 
fucccflbr,  becaufe  he  joined  in  league, 
or  was  thought  to  have  joiued  in  league, 
with  the  common  enemy  of  the  free- 
dom of  mankind. 

There  is  at  prefent  a  people  free  in 
the  regions  which  (laves  onfy  inhabit, 
who  call  on  Britain  alone  tor  protec- 
tion, and  can  from  Britain  alone  re- 
ceive it.  Need  it  be  faid  that  the  un- 
fortunate and  generous  Cordcans  are 
the  people  alluded  to  ? 

The  government  of  Britain  may  be 
in  fuch  circumdantes  from  the  fetterl 
of  treutics,  or  from  domellic  didur- 
hances,  that  it  may  be  improper  for 
her  to  intei-pofe,  even  in  defence  of  a 
people  that  rcfcmble  her  own.  But 
ff  xkt  public  caoAor^  without  break- 


ing through  the  nilet  of  rood  policy, 
inter pofe,  there  are  no  tetters  upom 
private  perfons.  It  is  the  privilege  of 
Britons,  that  they  can  apply  the  fuper* 
fluity  ot  their  wealth  wherever  tUcxr 
own  generous  breads  point  out  it 
ihould  be  direded.  Government  can- 
not ftop  them,  and  therefore  other 
nations  cannot  complain  to  the  public^ 
when  private  perfons  raife  and  give 
contributions  in  a  way  difagreeable  to 
them.  Britain  has  this  yet  wanting 
to  complete  her  glories,  that  the  indi- 
viduals of  her  people  may  give  that 
proted^ion  to  a  finking  nation,  which 
only  the  monarchs  or  rulers  of  gr^ 
dates  are,  in  other  paru  of  Europe, 
able  to  bcftow.  A  private  citizen  of 
Antwerp,  by  dopping  the  funds  of 
Spain,  dopped  the  Armada  for  fix 
months  from  invading  England.  The 
pride  of  the  houfc  ol  Aultria  thought 
Jtfeif  honoured,  not  derrade d,  by  re- 
ceiving, in  the  war  before  the  hd,  a 
prefent  from  a  Britidi  fubjeft  •,  which 
it  would  have  fcorned  to  receive  from 
the  fubjc6l  of  any  other  nation/^ 

Thus  far  the  caufe  of  Corfica  has 
been  favoured  with  the  pen  of  a  writer 
of  didinguidicd  abilities.  May  I  be 
permitted  to  add,  that  etcn  fetting 
afide  the  efl'ential  intereft  which  this 
nation  has  to  prevent  the  French  from 
becoming  maltera  of  the  Mediterrane- 
an, every  motive  of  generofity  and  hu- 
manity calls  upon  ut  to  fupport  the 
Corficans.  Let  us  confider  them  only 
in  the  light  of  a  didreded  people.  Surely 
bur  benevolence  is  never  reiufed  to  tho 
didreded}  and  d^ll  we  refufe  it  to 
thofe. whofe  didrcfs  is  occafioned  by 
their  bravely  defending  their  liberties? 

The  fentiments  with  which  the 
generous  '  aid  of  individuals  is  re- 
ceived in  Corfica,  will  bed  appear 
from  what  the  illudrious  chief  Paoli 
writes  to  rac  on  being  informed 
that  a  fociety  of  gentlemen  had  fent 
two  and  thirty  pieces  of  ordnance  from 
Scotland,  for  the  fervice  of  the  brave 
i danders.  U  Princrpi  foccorono  per  It  lor 
mire  foHticke  ed  entereffait,  S^efi9  i  mm 
fy//Uto  chi  ciprocura  la  *mrtu  e  iumankm* 
«*  Princes  give  fuccours  from  politi- 
cal  views  and  intereds.  This  is  the 
fubftdy  of  vinue  and  humanity." 

The  Corficans  have  already  done 
wonder*  againd  the  French ;  and  if 
they  arc  fpecdily  fupplicd  with  money 

10 
•  7U  Buehefi  (f  Mm-lkorougb. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ithts  «/' Brentford, 


1768. 

tp  purcbafe  ammiUMtjoni  and  pay  the 
men*  who,  while  under  arms,  cannot 
provide  for  tberofelvet,  J  have  good 
authority  to  hope  that  we  (ball  fee 
them  nobfy  refill  all  the  force  of  the 
enemy. 

James  Boswell. 
Contributions  are  received  by  An- 
drew Drummond,  Efq;  and  Co.  Lon- 
don, and  John  Coutti^  Efqj  and  Co. 
Edinburgh. 

THE  late  riots  at  Brentford,  ha- 
ving  much»  this  month,  been 
the  topic  of  difcourfe,  we  imagine  the 
following  account  will  be  agreeable  to 
our  readers,  thofe  in  the  country  par- 
ticularly. 

On  Thurfday,  Dec.  S,  came  on  at 
Brentford  the  election  for  member  for 
the  county  of  Middlefex,  and  about 
half  paft  ten  the  poll  began,  which 
irent  on  without  much  diflurbance,  any 
further  than  the  great  difficulty  of 
getting  through  fo  great  a  crowd| 
till  about  half  paft  two  1  at  which 
pme  Mr.  Glynn  appearing  to  have 
polled  a  greater  number  than  Sir 
vVilliam  Beauchamp  Proctor,  a  defpe- 
rate  fet  of  ruffians,  armed  with  (hort 
ilaves,  bludgeons.  Sec.  were,  at  the 
fignal  of  toffin£  up  a  hat,  let  loofe  up- 
on the  peaceable,  unarmed,  and  inof- 
fenfive  freeholders  ;  and  forcing  them* 
ielves  into  the  poll- booth,  cleared  their 
way  to  the  huftings,  knocking  down 
^\\  who  oppofed  them,  drove  the  clerks 
away,  feized  and  tore  to  pieces  four  of 
the  poll  books,  and  deftroyed  the  huf- 
tingf  ;  fo  that  the  election  was  intirely 
ftopped.  Serjeant  Glynn,  about  the 
beginning  of  the  attempt  to  force  the 
budings,  was  left  almoft  alone,  run- 
ning about,  diftra^ed  as  it  were,  with 
bis  fword  half  drawn,  as  ready  to  de- 
fend himfelf  from  the  mob,  crying  out, 
•«  Where's  Sir  William  ?  Where's  the 
(hcriff?"  but  they  had  luckily  efca- 
ped.— When  the  Irifh  chuirmeiv, 
and  the  profelTed  bruifers  at  their  head, 
bad  proceeded  fo  far  in  their  cruel  and 
Tillameus  intention  of  murdering  and 
wounding  the  people,  that  the  gentle- 
men upon  the  huftings  were  in  danger 
of  their  lives  }  one  gentleman  went  qp 
to  the  candidate  whofe  mob  it  was  fuU 
pef^ed  to  be,  and  cxpoftulated  with 
Iiim  upon- the  bafe  conduct  of  bis  mob, 
Jfiy  tMb'!  faid  the  candidate  :  Y*s,  fir, 
fi^4  ^^   (;entlema0|    your  mbi  and 


^57 


added,  I  infift  upon  your  fpeaking  to 
thofe  felk)ws  who  are  knocking  down 
the  people  there.      The  gentleman, 
who  had  fpoke  to  him,  finding  him- 
felf in  danger  of  his  life,  ftized  him  by 
the  great  coat,  and  (hewed  his  ftar  to 
the  armed  ruffians,  who  indantly  took 
off  their  hats  and  huzza'd  him.   While 
the  ruffians  were  thus  huzzaing,  the 
gentleman  efcaped.     When  the  above 
villains  had  cleared  the  huftings,  they 
went  into  the  town  of  Brentford,  and 
attacked  the  Caftle  inn,    (which  waf 
one  of  Mr.  Glynn's  houfes)  and  made 
confiderable  havock  in  it.     The  inha-v 
bitants  of   the    town    obfcrving  this 
mifchief,  and  beginning  to  fear  that 
their  own  houfck   would  next  be  de- 
ftroycd,    a  general    indignation    rofe 
amongft  them.     They  fallicd  out,  at- 
tacked the   villains  with  great  fpirit, 
and  drove  them  out  of  the  town.  Rc- 
fentment  then  taking    place    in    the 
breads  of  fome  of  them,  they  vented 
the  remainder  of  their  rage  upon  one 
or  two  of  the  houfes  opened  for  the 
other  candidate.     Qreat   numbers  of 
freeholders  were  hurt  in  trying  to  get 
away  i    others  came    hoipe    (iire61y| 
and  the  remainder  of  the  day  was  a 
fcene  of  confufion^     Had  not   the  in- 
habitants of  private  houfes  prote6tc4 
and    fheltered    the  freeholders,    it  is 
thought   much   more  mifchief  woulq 
have  been  done. —  Immediately  be^ 
fore  the  general  defolation,  One.  who 
appeared  a  leader  of  the  hired  ruffians, 

cried  our,  Clofe  the  toQ. Ditmn  mj 

eyes  Sir  Beauchamp  f  roftor  /hali  Jit  trf 
the  houfe  luhetber  you  eUB  him  or  mi  ^ 
and  xnttantly  the  att«:k  began.  Du- 
ring the  riot  feveral  gentlemen,  Sir 
W.'s  friends  fpoke  to  him  witl^ 
fome  warmth,  and  told  him,  if  that 
was  his  method  to  gain  the  voles  of 
the  freeholders,  he  fliould  never  have 
their's,  nor  their  intereft  j  and  d^tcr- 
piined  to  poll  agatnil  him. 

\Vhcn  Sir  W.  B.  Proaor  addreflea 
the  mob  from  the  huftings,  while  they 
were  brandifhing  their  fticks,  previous 
tp  their  forcing  themfelves  thereon, 
he  aiked  them  whofe  mob  tl^ey  were, 
when  one  of  them  cried  out,  Sir  W/s; 
on  which  be  dire6>ly  declared  he  kne^ 

nothing  of   the   matter. Several    pf 

the  hired  mob  had  previoufly  applied 
to  Serjeant  Glynn  j  but  on  his  friends 
refufal,  they  went  clfcwherc. 

One  man  was  fet  upon  by  ten  or 
^  O  a  ^wchf 


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65^  Spirited 

^vrcWe  of  the  Irift  mob,  vbo  beat  him 
>n  fuch  a  cruel  manner  at  never  war 
fecn,  and  even  after  he  was  down  5  fo 
that  the  blood  guflied  out  at  his  eyes, 
ears,  mouth,  and  nofe  at  the  fame 
time.  A  linen-draper  at  H^imroer- 
Anith  ftanding  at  hit  door  with  his 
children,  to  lee  the  company  return 
from  Brentford,  the  mob  of  Iridi 
chairmen  came  by  and  attacked  him 
with  th^ir  (licks,  beat  out  his  brains, 
and  he  Cell  over  the  children,  dead,  in 
his  own  (hop  \  Mr.  Ellett,  and  his 
nephew,  coach-harnefs-makers  in  Pic- 
cadilly, were  knocked  down  by  a  rio- 
tous mob  at  Hyde- park  corner,  and 
fo  ill  ufcd,  that  they  wfere  taken 
home  in  two  chairs  almoll  fp«ech- 
lefs ;  and  we  hear  old  Mr.  Ellett  is 
iince  dead  of  the  hurt.  Mr.  Charles 
Sturges,  the  tumbler  at  Sadler's  Welb, 
without  having  interfered  in  the  leaft, 
was  knocked  olf  his  borfe,  and  cut 
and  flaflicd  about  his  head  in  a  moft 
dreadful  manner ;  the  villains  beat  the 
horfe's  head  to  a  pcifcft  jelly.  Ti*o 
party  mobs  met  at  Kenfington,  and 
came  to  blow?,  when  four  men  were 
killed,  and  three  fo  mtsch  wounded 
that  they  were  fent  to  the  Middlcfex 
Horpiia4>  and  it  is  thought  they  can- 
not recover.  The  Qu^ack  Do^or,  who 
tifually  performs  bis  operations  in  Lei- 
ceftcr-fields,  went  down  to  Brentford, 
in  expectation  of  getting  fome  em- 
ployment, but  unfortunately  received  t 
broken  head  from  the  rioters,  and  was 
obliged  to  have  recourfe  to  one  of  his 
brethren  for  afliilancc.  Upon  the 
whole,  there  never  was  fuch  a  fcenc 
of  riot,  nor  fo  manv  people  killed, 
inaimed,  and  wounded  io  one  day  at 
any  election  fo  near  town,  the  hired 
aiob  knocking  every  one  down,  even 
at  their  own  ddors. 

Bills  have  been  preferred  at  Hicks's- 
Kall  againft  five  of  the  mob  Who  went 
to  the  Angel  at ,  Iflington  on  Thurf- 
day  la^ft,  armed  with  Iticks  and  papers 
in  their  hats,  with  "  Proflor  and  Li- 
"berty-  thereon ;  and  warranu  are 
granted  for  apprehending  many  others. 

The  next  day  the  following  fpiritecj 
addrefs  appeared  in  the  papers. 

To  the  Gentlemen,  Clergy,  and  Free- 
holders of  the  County  of  Middle'fex, 

Gentlemen, 
THE  warm  profeflions  of  gratitude 
ill  frequently  uttered  by  thole  who  feel 


A  D  D  R  B  S  St  Dec*      1 

no  gratitude  for  their  conftituents,  be- 
caule  tbe  means  by  which  they  foe* 
ceed  take  off  all  obligatioD,  make  mt 
at  a  lofs  for  terms  to  expreft  myfelf  oa 
fo  fignal,  fo  generoot,  and'ib  glotious 
a  fupport  as  f  have  met  with  irom  y«a. 
Every  means  en^ployed,  every  inin* 
ence  exerted  during  a  fix  months  can- 
vafs,  have  not  been  able  to  divert  a 
great  majority  of  you  from  efpoufing 
the  caufe  of  a  candidate  whom  you 
fuppofe  a  friend  to  the  caufe  of  tbt 
peoplf,  and  in  whom  you  hoped  tf 
find  a  zealous  and  difmterefted  defeo- 
der  of  the  rights  and  liberties  of  hit 
country. 

Honour  or  infamy  will  dtktvtHj 
attend  me  in  the  fame  meafure  m  my 
future  condu6l  (liall  anfwer  or  difap* 
point  your  expectations.  I  do  not  <mq 
your  fupport  to  apy  perfonal  friend- 
ship or  connexions,  and  am  therefore 
free  even  from  the  temptation  of  lean- 
ing to  them.  My  obligations  are  tq 
the  public,  and  to  the  public  I  will  re* 
turn  them. 

For  my  coudu6l  in  the  coorfe  of 
th:s  election,  I  can  appeal  even  tq 
my  adverfaries  :  and  the  truth  of  my 
declaration  to  you  has  been  moft.  con- 
vincingly proved  by  the  infamous  be- 
haviour of  my  opponents  in  their  law- 
lefs  interi-uption  of  the  poll ;  when  a 
mob  of  hired  ruffians  were,  at  a  fig- 
nal,  let  loofe  upon  the  peaceable,  uri- 
armed,  inoflPenfive  freeholders  of  th^ 
county  of  Middlefex,  in  order  to  de« 
ftroy  thofe  whom  they  could  not  cor- 
rupt, and  to  wreft  from  tbem  by  via- 
lence  tbat  freedom  of  eledtion  whictf 
every  undue  and  uncontHtutional  in- 
terpofition  had  failed  to  overthrow. 

The  (beriflPs,  and  every  perfbn  pre- 
fcnt,  were  witneflct  of  a  fccne  never 
before  exhibited  at  an  elef^ion  A, 

defperate  fet  of  armed  ruffians,  with 
"  Liberty  and  Pro^or*'  in  their  hats^ 
without  the  (call  provocation  or  caufe 
of  quarrel,  deftroying  thofe  who  di4 
hot  lift  up  atiand  in  their  defence.  Sic 
William,  to  whom  I  called  to  eo  with 
me  and  face  this  mob,  returned  me  no 
anfwer  and  left  me  :  I  remained  tb^ 
laft  man  upon  the  huftingf ,  ^owever. 
t  live,  gentlemen,  to  aifert  not  Id 
much  my  eIe£lton  as  your  rights  $  and 
t  pledge  myfelf  to  you,  that  your 
blood,  fo  wantonly  (bed  yefterday, 
(hall  be  vindicated,  and  tn^  charge 
brought  home  to  the  hired  and  the  h|- 

'.•■♦-  fwf 


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"1768.       PoBTicAL  Essays  in  December,  1768. 


rers :  The  more  exalted  their  ftations, 
and  the  more  privileged  their  perfons, 
the  louder  is  the  call  for  juftice  $  and 
the  more  Dcceflary  it*s  execution. 

Whether  as  your  reprefentative*  or 
as  a  private  gentleman,  I  pledc^e  my- 
felf  to  you  to  so  through  With  this  bu« 
finefi,  or  perim  in  the  attempt.    ^ 

The  freedom  of  a  county  elefiion  it 
thelaftfacred  privilege  we  have  left;  and 
it  does  not  become  any  honeft  £ngli(h- 
raan  to  wi(h  to  furvive  it.  F'or  my  own 
part,  I  will  not.  And  if  by  this  de- 
claration I  may  feem  to  depart  from 
that  moderation  which  has  always  par- 
tlciriarly  marked  my  charafler,  it  is  be^ 
cauie  I  think  tamenefs  in  a  caufe  like 
thiS)  is  iiifamy.  There  it  virtue  ftill 
left  in  this  country.  We  are  come  to 
I  crifis  i  and  the  confequence  of  this 
(Iruggic  will  determine  whether  wt 
[hall  be  ilaves  or  free. 

It  is  at  prefent  depending  before  the 
Eloufe  of  Commons  what  meafures 
hall  be  next  purfued  in  regard  to 
ihis  election  :  when  they  have  deci- 
ied,  I  will  give  you  the  earlitft  no- 
ice  poi^ble :  and  I  promt fe  you  that 
10  difcouragement  maii  ever    make 


ipe  defert  you,  who  have  fhewn  that 
you  will  not  defert  yourfelves. 

I  am,  Gentlemen,  vour  moft  gntte# 
ful  and  faithful  humble  fervant* 

filoomlbury-Square^ 

Dec.  9.  Jowi  6LTifir« 

However,  on  the  nth  a  certificate 
of  thecoronflHof  Middlefex  appeared 
in  the  papcK,  tefti/ying,  that,  to  their 
knowledge,  there  was  not  any  pe/fon 
killed  in  the  above  diihirbance.  Affi- 
davits were  alfo  puhlifhedj,  fixing  the 
guilt  of  hiring  this  mob  upon  Sir  W. 
B.  Pro£lor|  or  his  agents,  particular^ 
1>  Broughton,  the  late  npted  bruifer, 
now  a  yeoman  of  the  goard. 

It  (hould  be  recorded  to  the  honour 
of  the  prefent  Lord  Mayor,  that  on 
the  faid  8th  of  December,  when  the 

i"ury  was  called,  at  the  Old-Bailey, 
lis  lord  (hip  aiked  them,  upon  th^ 
honour,  if  any  of  them  were  freehold* 
ert  of  Middlefex }  it  appeared  that  a* 
bout  eighteen  of  them  were  fo,  on 
which  his  lordfhip  immediately  diC- 
milFed  them,  that  they  might  npt  be 
hindered  from  diCcharging  their  duty 
at  Brentford.  ^ 


POETICAL    ESSAYS, 


rbe  LION    in  the  TOILS. 

A  politicil  Fable.   By  Mr.  KsuKiejf, 
Ex  ungut  leofitm, 

r^Ommitted  by  the  hand  of  power, 
k^  To  dofe  confiqtoieat  in  the  Tower* 
/here  many  a  dangVoai  beaft,  we  knovTj 
!  lodged  for  royal  raree-fhow  ; 
.  Lion,  in  •  lcopard*i  /kio, 
:ia  fpots  witkouc,  hit  heart  whhi|9« 
eld  forth  to  Privilege,  hit  paw, 
.nd  clatm'd  protedlion  of  the  law* 
larm'd  !  the  foreft  Hare  a- while  \ 
he  aflee  bray !  the  foxes  fmilo  ! 
nd  tygen  tam*d,  untry*d,  condema 
heir  brother  brute  too  wild  for  them* 
he  laget  of  the  law  coafult 
he  nature  of  hit  crimes  occult, 
^hile,  wa/riog  *twixttbc  wrong  and  ilght| 
bey  let  him  looie,  and  hope  hii  flight  i 
rill  bafely  hurl  in  bloody  ft  ay, 
b  diftant  landi  he*!  Iur*d  away, 
Lee  JuiVice  bring  him  now  to  fhamet 
he  abfcnt  ever  are  to  blame. 
ccu«*d  he  Hands  of  horrid  crimet, 
rtngo  to  thek  loyalf  aioua  tixaM^\ 


Againft  hit  king— a  bi/hop  nodt-- 
Nay,  more,  he  fcraich*d  agtinft  the  Go<)f« 
Behold  the  impious  traitor's  claw, 
Known  and  obnoxious  to  ihe  law. 

The  Lion  heard,  and  with  difdain^ 
Returning  to  his  native  plain,    « 
Demands  the  records  juft  and  tme. 
The  fine  and  puoifhment  his  due. 
Appaird  deluded  Juftice  ftands, 
HcT  balance  trembling  in  her  hands, 
Kor  holds  uprait'd  th*avenging  blade, 
IVilhoutthc  ranc*rous  Lynx's  aid. 

Agiun  the  fnatc  of  pow'r  is  fpretdL 
^nclonng  his  devoted  head  j 
Again  is  org*d  the  ftiame  and  6a 
Of  fpots  upon  a  leopard's  (kin  ; 
"^hen  lo  !  he  cads  his  wanton  fpoilf. 
And  proves  a  lion  in  the  toils. 

EPIGRAM 

On  tb€  Death  of  tbt  lati  Duke  of  Newcaflle. 

^■^BWCASTLE  dead !  Confii6on  (eize 
r\    The  wretch  who  reads  it  at  hit  eafe. 
Nor  dreams  what  England  bis  to  dreadi 
i^r-^jq^aUfet  aAd  Fx^uam  dead  I 


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€6o  Poetical  Essays //r  December,    1768. 

EPILOGUE,    Bj   Mr.    CARRICICi 

Sffoien  kf  .  Mrs,  Ab i  N G  r 0N« 

V'M  fcnt,  good  folks,  to  fpetk  the  epilo^ce. 


Impromptu  en  tie  Distb  of  the  D-  {/'Newcaftle. 

SHALL  HoHet  die,   and  fluU  no  fon  of 
▼crfc 
Pay  th«  juft  trlbure  of  a  warm  appUufe  ? 
|i  there  00  weeping  muCe  to  tend  hu  hearfei 
Wiio  W6  and  died  the  prop  of  Bruofwkk't 
caufe  ? 

n. 

\^bere  are  thy  adct  oh !  Mafon^  thine  oh  1 
Oriyl 

l^tj  Whitehead  are  thy  powers  for  ever  gone? 
^-Did  Lloyd  or  Chufchill  liTe,  we  ne*er  &ould 

Hera  lies  unfung  Britannia*s  darUng  fon  ! 
111. 

)Y»— they  would   drain  their  powert,    aft4 
flrike  Che  ftring ; 

The  firing,  refponfire,  would  th:ir  liyi  re- 
peats [fing, 

Whiie  each  of  Britain's  friends  would  join  Co 

.'Til  greater  to  be  g9od  than  to  ht\^reat,    Mt 

Oh  the  late  Karcblonejt  of  TavIst9CZ.4 

NO  tender,  geaVous  foul  can  fure  forbear 
For  Rufrel's  fate  to  (hed  a  pitymg  tear  I 
Since  not  to  fe<l  for  fuch  tranftendent  fmart. 
Betrays  a  favage  or  an  iron  heart.  f  prove 

Ah  I  gentle  (hide  '*    your  keen  naisforcun:s 
l^he  powerful  force  of  troc  connubial  lov? ; 
You  loft  your  all  when  your  lovV  WJ^aod  fell 
—Extremely  fev^,  alas  1  now  love  fo  well ! 
from  hence,    yc  fair  and  gay,  ye  great  and 

bold;  ^       ^         •    '• 
Lesm  how  precatioufly  your  blifs  you  hold ; 
Fa  r  Ruflel  every  temporal  bllfs  oojoy'd^ 
Which  one  tremendous' moment  quite  de- 
flroy'd  !  S.  T. 

FI^OLOGUE  totbcNcw  Tragedy  of  TMCIS. 
By  Afr.  H  O  M  £. 
Spol^en  by  Mr,  HOLLAND. 

TO  O  much  the  Greek  and  Eoman  chiefs 
engage 
The  mufcs  care — theylanguifh  on  ourftage; 
The  modern  b«rd,ltruck  with  the  vaftapplaufe 
Of  ancient  mafters^  like  the  painter  draws 
From  models  only. — Can  fuch  copies  charm 
The  heart,  or  lii^e  the  glow  of  nature  warm  ? 

To  fill  the  fcene»  to-night  our  author  brings 
Originals  at  lea  ft— warriors  and  kings — 
Heroes,   who,   like   their  gemf»  unpoliQi*d 

ibine, 
The  mighty  fathers  of  the  Tartar  line. 
Greater  than  thofe,  whomclaftic  pages  boaftf 
|f  thofe  are  greate(>,  who  have  conquered  Inofl. 

Such  is  the  fubje£^— fuch  ihe  poet*s  theme. 
If  a  rough  foldier  may  afTume  that  nam« } 
Who  does  not  offer  you  ftoiti  fancy's 'ftort,   ' 
Manners  and  men.^On  India**  burning  Aore, 
In  warlike  toils  he  pafs'd  his  youthful  years,* 
And  met  the  Tartar  in  the  ftrife  of  fpeafs  | 
But  tho*  he  I'v'd  amfdftthe  cannons  roar,      ' . 
Thunder  like  yoar's  he  rtevcr  fac*-d  before  j 
(.iften  indulgent  to  his  artlefs  ftrain, 
)Ior  let  a  foAdierx  quitter  aflc  in  vain. 

•  to  tbi  bexa% 


But  *tis  fo  dull-I'n  cheat  the  (cribbliog 

rogue  X  [fmall— 

Among    ourfelvef,   yoor  loft   will    be  b«C 
'Yo¥*re  *  too  polite  for  epik>gae  to  eaU. 
But  as  for  too  f-*4t  is  your  joy  and  pride 
Ever  to  call  but  never  Citlt^ed.— 
W<11  you,  ye  eritics,   give  op  Rome  and 

Greece? 
And  turn  MahomeUns,  and  fave  this  piece  ? 
What  ihall  our  ftage  receive  this  Tartar  race. 
Each  whiflter'd  hero  with  a  copper  face  ? 
I  hate  the  Tartars— obate  their  vile  rclifiea:-« 
We  have  no  foals  forfooth— that's  their  de» 

cifioni  (creels; 

Thefe  brutes,    feme  horrid   prejudice  odb- 
.  Speak,  Eogliih  huibsnds.  .hiiveyoig  wiva  no 

fools  ? 
Then  for  our  peribni— fiiU  acre  Ihaaefat 

work. 
A  hundred  women,  wed  a  fingle  Tufk  ! 
Again,  ye  EogUfh  bulkands,  what  fay  yoo  ? 
A  hundred  wives !  yon  would  not  wifli  for 

fto#.  fSrarta ! 

Romans  and  Gie  ks  for  me  ?— >0  ai«t  dear 
Their  women  had  a  noble  Magna  Ctiaria ! 
There  a  young  hero,  had  he  woo  fair  fam^ 
Migh%   from  her  huiband,    aflc  a   lovely 

dame  } 
The  happy  huflumd  of  the  honoor  vaia. 
Gave  her  with  joy,  took  her  with  joy  again  | 
The  chofen  dame  oo  ftro^es  had  withtn. 
Cor  to  lefufe,  had  been  a  public  fin.— - 
Arid  to' their  honoor,  allhiftoriaof  fa/. 
No  Sp^tan  Isdy,  ever  fini^^l  that  way.^v- 
Ye  fair,  who  have  not  yet  thrown  out  yoor 

bajt. 
To  tangle  captives  in  the  marriage  ftate; 
Take  heed,  i  warn  you  where  your  faares  yoi 

fetj 
O  let  not  infidels  come  near  your  net. 
Let  hand  in  haoo,  with  prudence,  go  jas^ 

wi(bes. 
Men  are,  in  general,   the  ftrangeft  fi&er  \ 
Do  not  for  mifery  yoor  beauty  barter. 
And — O   take  heed — yoo  do  rtot  tatch  % 

Tartar. 

Occajional  PR.o;,oaus  •«  tbt  Afpimramct  sf 
tbi  new  j^uliet  0f  (be  Theatre  Royal  *% 
Covent  Qarden. 

Jfritiem  by  Mr,  Co  l  M  a  9  • 

Spckenby  Mr.  Powslz.. 

WHEN  frightened  poeu  give  the  tewtt 
a  play. 
S;ome  bold  or  getftle  prologue  leads  the  way  s 
But  %hen  new   players   their  weak  powers 
enjtage,  [««t«l 

And    rifqve  their   future  fortunes     od  the 
No  bard  tkppears  Co  plead-  their   de(]p*ra^ 

caufe, 
To  filence  cenfure,  or  befpeak  ipplaof*. 

^^     Aatho^ 
•f  To  tbegaUrry^ 


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Poetical  EsfAYS /»  December,   1768J  66i 

EPILOGUE. 

H^ritten  ^f  />r.  H A  w K  tiy/dk  T  H . 

WELL,  here  i  am— tbaalc heav*n !  xio 
more  Mai.dane— 
Among  ourielves,  this  bar^  it  but  a  Zan^.' 


K.ntl2on  too,  cautiout  to  d\Tt&  joui  choice^ 
^ere  empct  eccboea  of  tbft  public  toice, 
^ith  leia  poetic  fire  tban  critic  phlegm, 
Praife   as   you  prl^.fe,  and  blame  what  yott 

condemo. 

A  Aon,  ai  z€tf)T9  feel :  and  few  (o  fcar'd, 

2ut  well  remember  what  they  firft  appear 'd  ; 

When    fudoea    tomuU  (book   the   laboring 

bieaft,  [pofleft; 

9Vith    hope,  and  Fear,  and  (hame,  at  once 
When  the  big  tear  flood  trembling  in  the  eye. 
Knd  the  breath  ilruggled  wich  the  rifing  figb^ 
To^nightu  uembiing  Juliet  fills  the  fcency 
Tearful  «•  youngs  and  rea/ly  ntt  eightcn  : 
2oki,  icy  fear,  like  an  untimely  froft,' 
^ies  Qii  her  mind,  and  mil  her  powtra  are  loft. 
Tie  your's  alone  to  diflipate  her  feart. 
To    calm  her  troubled  fouli   and  dry  her 

tearfl. 
31 1  with  the  cankMog  eaft  the  infant  rofe 
U'a  full* blown  honours  never  candifclo'e  { 
3h,  may  no  eovicua  blaft,  no  critic  blight, 
Fall  on  the  tender  plant  we  rear  to-night ! 
>o  ihill  it  thrive,  aojd  in  fome  genial  hour, 
rhei  openitfg   bud  may  prove  a  beauttoot 

Auwcr.    . 

*tOLOCtJK  totbi  »etoTrage4y  of  C7M.vi. 

fyritten  by  Mr,  H  o  o  l  t . 
IWTEW  to  the  ftage,  before  this  dread  ar- 

-reparjd  to  offer  here  his  virgin  play, 
L>ur  tim*roui  author,  diffident  of  praife, 
I>rafu  hit  firA  liurela  on  another*!  bays  % 
Takes  from  another*!  breaft  the  gen*roui  fire^ 
%nd  fita  to  Eogiifh  drains  a  tbretga  lyre : 
^rpiret  to  pieaie  by  unlufpcded  means, 
[mporting  pa0|on  from  Italian  fcecei : 
Where  heroes  combat  to  foft  mufic^s  note, 
^nd  tyrants  warble  thro*  an  eumich*s  ihtoat  \ 
To  fymphony  delpa  nog  loveri  6gh  \ 
^nd  ftruggiiog  tfaicort  by  the  gamut  die : 
Ifet  here,  a  living  bard,  whofe  fame  oiit-runs 
The  foremoft  Of  tne  tuneful  drama's  Tons, 
Tan  e'en  in  fong  his  magic  pow'r  difpenfe, 
\t  once  uniting  harmony  and  lenfe. 
^rom  him  our  poet  now  enayi  to  write, 
\nd  plant  from  bira  the  ftoiy  of  to-night  i 
\  well-known  uie— who  has  not  he^ud  the 

name 
)f  Cyrus  -and  the  tiling  ^ediaa  fame? 
rich  puling  fchool  boy  can  dilculs  the  theme; 
The  fafT'riog   grandlon,  and  the  monarch's 

dream ! 
^.'  couid  our  poet  catch  th*  infpiring  thoug^i% 
\nd  l^obly  copy  what  was  nobly  wrought : 
}i  whcie  the  roafler's  hanti  but  (ketch'd  the 

line, 
Vith  happy  warmth  fill  up  the  bold  deligo  ] 
Then  cv*ry  fig,ufe  with  new  fotce  imprttt, 
iff  i|ht  wake  the  feelings  of  th*  impa/TionM 

breaft  }        . 
Vhile  each  bright  eycamidft  thh  circle  pa^i 
rj^e  uibtttc  glipvelMtary  praife. 


Says  I,  when  firft  he  ufler'd  me  the  part, 
«'  i  hope  *tis  natuie—lcveird  at  the  heart.'* 
Says  he,  **•  A  hufband  thought  far  otFto  roaoif 
«  Difguis*d  and  unexpectedly  comes  home. 
*«  A  fon  returns,  loft  twenty  years,  d'ye  fee, 
«*  To  call  you  mother,  tho*  not  thirty-three,** 
This  (I  reply *d)  will  do^  if  I  can  guefi»  ^ 
For  this  indeed  is  natural  diftrefa— 
Diftrefs  (he  cry'd)  you  quite  miflakc  the  things' 
Aftyages,yoii*ll  find— had  dreamt — theking-^ 
I  flopt  him  fhort— perhaps  it  may  be  true^ 
Tnat  your  old  nature  lifters  from  your  new  t 
From  various  caufes  equal  forrews  flow, 
All  realon  and  times  have  fjine  peculiar  woe  t 
With  us  what  griefs  from  ills  domcflic  rife, 
\yhen  now  a  beau,  and  now  a  monkey  dies. 
In  this  our  iron  age,  ftill  harder  lot, 
A  mafqueredet   no  ticket  to  be  got— > 
Your  obfoleie  diftrefs  may  now  be  toW— • 
Lst*s  lee — thcfc'i  ravifhing— th^t*s  vcnr  old. 
There*8  love  that  rcorn*d  a  title  and  eftats-^ 
Thefe  woes  of  love  are  vaftty  out  of  date. 
Then  there's  your  m&rtyr  to  his  country'i 

weal:        ^  [fcei » 

What  ftrange  diflrcfs  thefe  ancients  |i»'d  te 
The- love  or  country  now  indeed  luos  high. 
They  prove  its  value  mcft  who  dcareft  buy  t 
Think  what  our  patriots  pay  in  fterling  g-old^ 
A  fingle  borough  for  feven  years  to  hold  ! 
Though  here  \njlatu  ^uo  I  ftill  remain, 
I'veort  becamariy*d,  raviih'd,  crgwn'd,  an^ 

flain. 
None  of  all  thefe  havcbeen  my  fate  to^night^ 
So  na'd  to  fancy  angui/h  and  delight  : 
Yet  ler  me  hope  you  felt  the  part  1  bore. 
Give  ne  your  plaidit— >we  can  wiih  ho  luott* 

7'J>t    LOTTIAT     and     LlBIftTV. 

A     S  O  N  G. 

OH  what  raptures  will  abound. 
When  Iv'e  got  ten  thoufaoo  pound? 
Then  fiom  flivcry  fet  frtt, 
frantic  pride,   fhall  Aoop  to  me* 

On  haw  riches. 

Men  bewitches? 
Worth  and  poverty  they  flee. 
^Ohwh^t  changes? 

Men  in  ranges, 
Will  adore  with  extacy. 
It. 
Few  attended  humble  Be;* 
Now  by  ev'ry  knave  befet  i 
Thofe  regard lefs  of  my  charmtj 
Now  woD*d  fty  into  my  arms. 

Men  may  flatter. 

Women  chatter, 
ril  fccure  my  liberty. 

From  attendance, 

And  cependaoce 
Ti>rCuQe  caUs'^aad  Til  be  frt9*  A.  Z. 


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€6z  COLIN's   REQ^UEST.  j)^^ 

Sang  by  Mr.  MORGAN  at  SADLER't  WELLS, 


Help  me        each  Har   -  mo  -  ni  -  oas     Grove 


gea 


tie 


Tune         each  warblbg  throat  u> 


V  love,    Loul      each  mead     wuh  fofter  bretSEC, 


ll5lSt± 


Tune         tMch      warb- 


Breath  fweet  odour  evVy  flower  | 
All  your  various  painting  ftiewj 
Pleating  verdore  gran-  each  bower. 
Around  let  CT'rj^bicttig  Huw. 


IV. 


Glide  ye  limpid  brookf  along* 
Pbflebus  ^ance  thy  aildcft  ray, 
MurmMng  floods  repeat  By  (ong^ 
Aad  celi  what  Colin  dan  aot  Ujm 


Cclia  comet  whofe  chatming  air 
Firet  with  love  the  rural  jwaini  5 
Tell,  ah  !  te:i  ihc  blooming  fair 
That  Coliq  di:t  if  (he  difdaitis. 


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1768: 


^ranfit  of  Venus. 


653 


To    the    A  U  T  tt  O  R    0/   tbe    LONDON    M  A  C  A  Z  I  N'  E. 
S  I  R. 
•»  ttiff,    according  to  promifc.    Cent  you  my  computation  of  the  enfuing  Tranfit  of  Venuff, 
1    from  Dr.  Halicy't  T«blc»  :  And  al'«    a  true  deiinestioti  of  the  apparent  curv  lir^nl  path  of 
Venus  on  the  foUrdiflc.     iiU'erting  the  fame  in'^our  neic  Magazine,    will  doubtlcfs   oblige 
many  of  your  readers,  ai  well  at.  Sir, 


Hitchin,. 
Odl.  zo,  1 768. 


Yoar  coaftanc  reader,  and  humble  fervan*-, 

RoBztT  Langlzt. 


'4 


,.<*^ 


O^ 


^ 


X 


O' 


\ 


/ 


h: 


The  tranfit  ef  Fenut  ever  tk*  Sttn, '  Jane  3, 
j9r  London,   June  3,  in  the  Evtringy    appd" 
rtnt  time* 

Firft  cental 

Central  ingrefs 

Totally  in  the  difk 

£cliptic  dioniun^Hon 

Middle  of  the  Tranfit 

Begins  to  emerge 

Central  egreft 
-    End  of  the  Tranfit 

Central  duration 

Total  duration 

Nearcfi  approach  of  the  centers  0 '  5 1 "  3  ^ '" 

Apparent  femi-diamcter  of  Venus  a6", 
and  that  of  the  fun  15'  50"  37'". 

N.  B.  No  regard  wai  had  to  parallax  in 
the  above  computation,  but  if  that  be  confi- 
dered,  the  times  above  will  be  a  fmall  matter 
affe£le4  thereby.— The  fan  fcts  aScut  an  hour 
after  the  bcfsinning.  H  s  true  altitude  at  the 
centra)  inprrfs  ii  a**  41'  51",    and  azimmh 

Pec.  I  6S. 


b 

m 

t 

7 

ao 

29 

7 

28 

4* 

t 

37 

4 

20 

xa 

46 

10 

34 

3» 

J3 

3» 

5t 

^3 

40 

16 

13 

48 

30 

6 

II 

34 

6 

28 

I 

J  7  69,  Calculated  from  Dr.  Halley'i  Tah/ft, 

fmm  the  north  59**  10'  50".  The  altitude 
of  Venol  4**  57'  42",  and  aeimuih  irom 
the  north  59*  1 1 '  I ". 

At  the  middle  the  Tun  w'U  be  vertical  in 
lat.  21*  27' north,  and  long,  i  8°  38' weft 
from  London,  in  the  pacific  ocean.  Jn  l*r, 
58*  30'  fouth,  and  long,  as  above,  in  the 
aforesaid  ocean,  the  Tranfit  will  begin  a  lit* 
tie  after  fun-rife,  and  end  near  fun  fcttingj 
wh<re  its  duration  will  be  nearly  the  fhorteft 
poflible.  For  Venui  being  in  the  northern 
part  of  her  orbit,  and  the  fp«^£tator*8  motion 
contrary  to  that  of  Venus,  he  nearer  kc  ^« 
proaches  (under  the  f«me  metiaiau)  to  (he 
earth's  axis  in  fouth  latitude,  the  fhnrter  the 
tranfit,  et  contra  in  north  latiruce ;  and 
which  IS  evident  at  fight  by  a  proje^lion  of 
this  curioos  phaenomcnon.  In  lat.  58^  30' 
norih,  and  long.  21**  «2'caft,  the  Tranfit 
vt\\\  begin  a  little  before  fun-fet,  and  end 
foon  after  fun  rife  next  morning.  And  as 
the  fpec  ator'i  motion  here  confpires  with 

4  P  Ibat 


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Impartial  Review  of  Nrui)  Publications. 


thit  of  Venus,    the  Tranlit  will  thereby  be 
prott acted  nearly  the  greateft  poiTible. 

I  have,  in  order  to  delineate  Venui*i  appa- 
rent paUi  accuratelyy  computed  her  uue  ele- 


June  3»  etentng, 
CcDtrtl  iogrcft 


Bfidd1l»  ne«'ly« 
Centra!  egreft 


H.  M.  S. 

7  18  4* 

o  o 

o  o 

o  o 

10  S5  4S 

11  o  o 
I&  o  o 
It   o  o 


9 
xo 


13  40  x6 

K.  B.  The  foregoing  coraputattoo  w^s 
made  Aearlj  9i^cqt4in%  to  Mr.  Dunthonie*t 
precepta  for  felar  edipfet}  but  if  diffetfnt 
methoda  he  taken,  we  Bay  expoet  fome  ti- 
riationfrom  the  timei  above?  I  Ihall  juft 
give  one  inftaoce  as  a  proof  of  the  abovemen- 
tioned  Calculoa.  At  the  central  ingrefi  the 
fun'i  true  place  it  II  i3»  ^o'  17"  56^^,  de- 
clination %%^  s6'  3V  $'"9  and  angle  at  the 
pole  iia*  10'  so"{  whence  hit  true  altitude 
may  be  eafily  found=r4<»  41 '  50."  51 '"  and  azi- 
math  from  the  north's  59**  10'  5o".Thetnic 
ptace of  Vetaot  B  13*  ji»  7"  49 '"and  U- 
titude  n'  35"  »'"  north,  whence  (byfphe- 
rics)  I  find  her  true  declination  ±=22^  39' 
ai"  46'",  andrightafcenfion  =  7»**  5'46'/ 


Dee; 

vation  above  the  fun^t  horizontal,  and  ^» 
tance  from  his  vertical  diameter,  to  feverat 
intervals,  by  which  the  above  type  for  London 
it  correctly  drawn. 

Diftanee  from  hit 
vertical  diameter. 

M.    S. 

o    IX  left 

0  z%  fight 

1  3* 

4  3« 

5  3« 

10      6 
1%    40 

4"',  the  funV  right  afc^pfion  =  71*  5i'40*' 
55"',  and  angle  at  the  pole  =  112'*  o'  24" 
51%  whence  I  find  her  true  altirude  := 
4"  57'  Ai"  i'"  and  azimuth  from  the 
north   5^"  11' o"  48'^ 

Now  we  have  given  two  fides  of  a  fpheri- 
cal  triangle  an<)  the  angle  included,  viz.  the 
zenith  d  fiances  of  the  Sun  and  Veaus;  and 
the  azimuthal  diftance  of  Venus  from  the 
center  of  the  Sun,  to  find  the  third  fide  =s 
15'  51"  Z2'".  which  exceeds  the  Sua'i  fe- 
midiamcter  only  45'",  and  proves  the  central 
ingrefs  to  be  afceriaincd  extremely  near.— 
The  true  hourly  motion  of  the  Sun  it  2'  23." 
24"',  that  of  Venus  in  the  ecliptic  1'  34"' 
j6''^,  and  her  horary  decreaCe  of  latitude 
35"  30'^'. 


Venut' 

s  elcf . 

above  the  SuQi 

M. 

S. 

»5 

5» 

>3 

43 

II 

'7 

9 

20 

K 

39 

8 

'5 

7 

55 

8 

34 

9 

54 

iltf^IMPARTIAJL  REVIEW  rf  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


ARTtCLE  I 
^MTOTHRR  TraviUer!  or  curfory  Rmtrh 
and  triticnlQhJtrvBtkM  made  upvn  aj%mn^ 
tbro^Fart  oftbt  Netherlandty  1*  tbi  Ytar  1760^ 
By  Coriat  Junior.  %  vol.  lomo.  Johafe«. 
Thit  pcrfomnBce  it  written  ia  imiution  of 
Steme*a  Sentimeatal  Journey,  and  breathes  to 
fhe  fttU  at  moch  bcoevoleoce  as  that  celebrated 
frodu£kion«-»If  it  does  not  equal  the  Senti- 
mental Journey  in  w:t«  it  exceeedt  it  in  deccn- 
cy»  and  ir,  in  our  opinion,  as  well  calcu^ted  to 
give  a  fenfible  leflon  to  the  public—The  au* 
thor  calif  himlelf  Coriat,  after  the  famout 
Tom  Coriat  who  ilouriihed  in  the  reign  of 
James  the  firft«  and  travelled  over  ■  great 
part  of  Europe  and  Afia  on  foot — However 
at  the  reader  will  poffibly  wiili  to  have  a  fpe- 
eimeo  from  a  writer  who  treadi  immediately 
after  Mr.  Sterne  in  thit  whimfical  walk  of 
gcniusy  we  have  fele£led  the  following  chap- 
ter for  hit  entertainment. 

CHAP.    XXVIII. 

A  fern  general  Remarh  upon  BrufTels,   with 
fome  particular  ones  on  the  Beguinage. 

5  Tp  I  S  fine  talking  of  feeing  every  thing 
X    '^  ^^  H  ^®tu  <^^y*  ui  foch  a  capital 


90  Brufietty  and  being  acquainted  with  the 
people  into  the  bargain !— 'Commend  me  to- 
luch  iogrofTers  of  curiofity  I 

Thit  bringt  to  my  mind  fome  of  my  eoaa* 
try  friends,  who  in  their  wcek*a  jaunt  to 
London  pretended  .alfo  that  they  had  fieca 
tirery  thing. — And  pray  what  did  you  fee  ? 

«<  Why  tVeibninfter-Abbey,  and  its  match- 
lefs  monuments — St.  PaoPa  Cathedral,  and 
its  naked  maje^y— the  piUar  of  fire,  and  its 
fmoaky  profped— the  Tower,  and  the  roar- 
ing lions— the  wax-work,  not  forgetting 
mother  Sbifton.** 

That*s  ei;oogh— and  more  by  all  that  yoia 
have  mentipned  than  you  could  have  tcitop 
had  you  never  Alh'ed  from  home. 

But  where  to  begin  my  remarks  ?— that's 
the  queftton.— I  onoe  thought  of  expeodtsK 
a  great  part  oi  this  chapter  upon  the  fobicft 
of  public  minifters  refiding  at  foreign  ceorta.— « 

*<  Hey  day  (—Why  what  the  plague  can 
that  have  to  do  with  Bni&ls  more  thaa  any 
Other  court  ?** 

True,  my  accompliOied  fn'ecd!— ^nd  it 
was  upon  that  confideration,  that  1  laid  my 
de6gB  afide. — It  may  .be  introduced  with 
mai%  propriety   upoa  aaotlitt  occafion— but 

IlhaU 


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ijf6t. 


Utility  of  Beguina^s,' 


€€s 


ball  never  have  a  fairer  opportniiirjr  of  w- 
tnowkdgiog  the  polite  rtcep.ioii  that  I  met 
^ith  at  the  Eaglifh  ambaHador't,  and  the 
degant  entertaiament  that  oar  compaoj  par- 
ook  of  there*  In  grateful  remembrance 

>f  which,  fuflfer  me  to  ad(*,  that  politenefi  of 
tnanncri  and  elegance  of  living  appear  to  me 
to  be  highly  reqnifite  in  public  charaflen  ? 
who  ftudy  the  honour  ol  their  fovereigns, 
more  than  their  owm  emolument— whereas 
fuch  bafe  fpiriti  as  feek  to  enrich  tbemfeWes, 
where  parfimony  becomet  a  vice ;  are  rather 
thr  mintAert  of  their  own  avarice>  than  of 
their  country. 

I  confeft  that  Bmflels  with  all  her  boaft- 
ed  beauty^  feU  (hort  of  my  expectation.— I 
found  in  her  little  to  be  admired  but  fonn- 
taina  and  crooked  ftreets ;  if  we  except  the 
public  edifices,  fome  of  which  are  very  grand* 
—The  fe>eral  afcents  to  the  palace^  frequent- 
ly reminded  me  of  Snowhill^n  the  way  you 
meet  with  a  magni6cent  pile  of  ruins,  which 
has  lain  in  much  the  fame  condition  forthefe 
forty  years,  but  which  with  ut  would  have 
been  cleared  in  a  few  months. 

But  the  court,  the  theatre,  the  brilliant 
alTemblies,  the  agreeable  promenades,  the 
fafhionable  courfe — thofe  are  ths  charms  of 
BrulTels! — and  to  fuch  at  can  enter  into 
them  with  fptrit,  it  muft  be  accounted  a  de- 
licious place  t — to  fuch  then  1  leave  them, 
for  the  fake  of  more  important  reiearchcs. 

Pe^ce  be  to  the  pious  a(hesof  Saint  Begal 
the  foundrefs  and  patronefs  of  thofe  religious 
female  colonies  called  Biguinages --^nd  whe- 
ther thou  wert  queen,  prieftefs,  or  prophcteft ' 
—virgin,  wife,' or  widow— or  all,  or  neither  | 
it  matteis  not  to  me.— ifCt  mookifh  foperili- 
C  on  blafon  thy  billowed  duft)  and  ignorance 
invent  to  thy  honour,  far  more  than  it  ne- 
ceflary  to  be  beHeved— >fuch  legendary  recordt 
may  add  to  om  wonder,  but  cannot  increafe 
our  praife.*-lt  by  thy  bright  example,  thou- 
fands  of  thy  loved  fcx  have  been  iheltered 
from  want,  and  Hiielded  from  proftitution  } 
millions  of  thanks  we  owe  to  thy  memory. 
— If  by  receiving  thy  gentle  rule  they  haTe 
been  cut  off  from  the  cormptions,  but  not 
from  the  commerce  of  the  fle^— — and 
though  recommended  to  enjoy  a  Kfc  of 
celibacy,  ^neverthelefs  are  not  debarred  the 
freedom  of  wedded  felieityy  when  foitable 
matches  offer  3  what  fongs  of  praife  fhall  wc 
not  render  thee  ?  — In.the  mean  while,  by  fo- 
ber  induftry,  each  to  employ  her  talent  to« 
.  wards  her  own  fupport ;  in  vtiious  needle- 
work, weaving  lace,  knitting  purfet,  walk- 
ing prints,  fafhioning  and  dreffing  do]tf»  and, 
the  elder  ones,  in  nurling  the  fiflc  at  tbotr 
refpeftive  houfes. 

Well,  after  all,  this  feems  to  be  no  abfotd 
Inflitution-^nd  fomcthing  like  it  m  ght  be 
admittjd  i.to  any  corporation,  whether  pa- 
pift  or  proteftant.— I  will  fubfcribe  to  it  with 
all  my  heart  lor  the  lore  I  bear  the  fcxi 


No  wonder  that  wl^ere  Aich  provifion  i« 
made  for  frail  virtue,  profligate  vict 
is  not  rampant  in  every  ftrcet,  to  Che  annoy- 
ance of  the  fober,  and  the  dednidioo  of  the 
unwary:  that  goals  and  bridewells  are  not 
overloaded  with  fuch  delinquents )  and  fiiiaH|r 
that  thfy  are  not  freighted  off  in  ikip-loadt 
to  poifon  foreign  plantations,  after  having 
done  their  worft  at  bome«— $och  a  prcven* 
tive  for  the  moft  fatal  and  complicated  mii^ 
chief,  is,  in  my  poor  opinion,  to  be  prefec- 
red  to  fpeculative  and  patched  up  cures* 
There  is  fcldom  a  remedy  for  idkneft,  whef& 
the  habit  of  indoftry  ia  loft—no  room  for 
good  feed  to  fpring  vpp  where  the  foil  H 
choaked  vHth  weeds.— '*  Employmeota  are 
wanting,  is  the  oommon  cry;  and  fupport 
in  the  mean  time  muft  be  had.**— How  ibft 
— thefe  people  you  find  employ  and  fup« 
port  themfelves;  snd  fo  they  might  ady 
where,  under  proper  regdation. 

It  it  not. an  hofpital,  or  a  row  of  alnrt- 
houfes,  into  which  none  but  the  wretched  are 
admitted— but  it  it  a  little  hamlet  within  it« 
felf,  enclofed  with  walls  and  gates,  contain- 
ing  fifty,  an  hundred,  perhaps  two  htmdte^ 
tenementty  ranged  in  feveral  neat  ftreets, 
with  a  handfome  chuKh  or  chapel.— The 
devotees  enter  thereof  their  own  tree  will, 
and  carry  their  little  portiont  end  eflfeds, 
if  they  have  any,  aloag  with  them*  ■ 
'tis  no  difccedit  to  be  of  their  order— they  are 
not  confined  fave  to  the  role  of  the  fociety» 
but  are  feen  every  where  |  and  whenever  they 
think  fit  may  refign  the  habtt»  and  engage 
again  in  the  bufinefs  of  the  world. 

If  therefore  there  are  no  avowed  profH* 
ttttes  In  the  Aufbian  Metherlandty  one  reilba 
for  it  is  pretty  obvioot.— Ev^  city  has  ita 
Bequhage^  containing  from  two  hundred,  or 
a  thoufimd  of  thole  virtttoot  fpinfters  called 
Begwinest 

Our  fair  pilot  having  indulged  ni  with  her 
courteous  company  for  a  week,  from  the 
time  we  left  Oftende  ;  found  it  neceOary  to 
retom  thither—and  in  complaifance  for  her 
many  civilities,  we  could  do  no  left  than  ac- 
company her  on  the  way  as  far  as  Ghent. 

And  now,  my  good  friend,  faid  I,  we  fliall 
have  a  K^leifure  to  Jook  about  us— nopolU 
ing  ba^  to  BruHels  1  if  you  pleafe— if  the 
gates  muft  be  fhut  at  feven,  in  God*s  name! 
let  them  ftiut  the  gatei*-we  wiji  fleep  iipo« 
the  rdad,  that  is  all.** 

II.  A  Charge  u  Englilimeo,  dedicated  hf 
Permijfuu  to  John  Wilkes^  Bfq\  two.  is^ 
Flcxney. 

This  is  the  performance  of  a  Mr.  Sharpe» 
who  profciTes  the  warmeft  admiration  of  the 
gentleman's  chara^r  to  whom  he  dedi- 
cates his  piece*.  In  an  advertifement  prefixed 
to  the  charge,  he  informs  us  that  it  was  de- 
livered at  a  patriotic  club  at  Newport  in  the 
Ifle  of  Wight,  where  it  feems  it  met  with  a 
very  favourable  iccepUoo,  highly  to  the  credit 
4  P  A  of 


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666 


Sheridan's  Plan  of  Education. 


Dec. 


of  the  (ocitty  bcTprc  whom  it  wai  pronounc- 
ed, buc  liccie  to  the  honour  vf  iheir  uodei- 
^anding 

Hi.  E/fgitt  on  different  Otcafuns*  i%  p^gei 
4to.  Batbur<^« 

The  public  ii  here  prefented  with  nine  ele- 
gies, in  which  though  the  author  hai  ea- 
deavouied  to  be  uncoi^iroonly  plaintive  he  ia 
tnoTt  likely  to  excite  the  imiie  than  the 
fcnfibilitv  of  hit  readers. 

IV.  Tte  Omp.'nijit  of  Liberty »  23  pagea, 
4'o.  Cadei!. 

The  author  of  tb>i  poem,  like  many  late 
writers,  mal<ei  very  free  wiih  the  name  ot 
JL.berty,  and  with  juft  at  much  fjccelt.  for 
though  his  public  fpirit  m«y  be  intided  co 
a  compliment,  there  is  very  litJc  due  to  his 
lifcraiy  abilities. 

V.  Paradifi  a  Pccm,  4to.    is.  6d.  Pearch. 
This  is  a   delcripuve   poem,    painiing  in 

very  tolerable  numbers  a  |entleman't  fe4t  ia 
the  country;  but  who  the  genilcjTi=>a  i«,  or 
where  the  fcene  is  Uid,  we  Cjniiot  inform  the 
leader,  the  autjior  being  intircly  fuent  with 
regard  to  thefe  pat  titulars. 

VI.  The  Grenada  Planter^  or  a  full  and  im- 
fartial  Aif'i^er  te  a  Letter  in  the  Gazetteer, 
Tfljti've  to  the  dndu^  of  bu  E-'y  G—r  —• r- 
M— 'le,    Svo.    .s.    A  n)on. 

A nonvmoua  attacks  upon  the  chara£)er  cf 
any  man,  arc  alv^jys  to  be  lulpedtcd  of  great 
maicvoknce,  theiefoie  we  fluil  only  Tay,  that 
jt  ^11  the  alcgationt  contained  in  tlus  pam- 
phlet are  true,  the  author  would  do  much 
better  to  Uy  his  fads  before  the  adminiftra- 
tion  in  a  decent  r?monHr*nce,  than  10  ob- 
trude them  in  this  inetic^uai  manner  on  the 
public 

Vil.  Vif^etf'the  Memory  of  a  Lady  :  writ- 
/^Ktf/ Sanaj.at«-Cari!e,  410.   6d.   B<-citet. 

TheJe  vcrfcs  are  faid  to  be  the  compofiiion 
of  a  Dr.  Langliorne  j  but  on  what  account  he 
parllvuUrly  teih  uS  they  were  written  at 
Sjkugatc  C^i'lf,  we  are  at  a  lofs  t&difcovcr. 
— Indeed  if  the  air  of  Sandgaie  CalUe  had 
any  inpiiing  quality,  there  would  be  lome 
rcafon  for  mentioning  it,  but  as  from  tl)c 
Uridlcft  conlidcraiion  of  the  porm  we  arc  not 
aole  lodlfcjvcr  fuch  a  circumrtunce,  nay,  as 
the  author  is  rfiuch  inferior  to  many  poets 
in  the  elegiac  wallc  of  genius,  it  would  be 
more  to  his  credit  \t  the  prefcnt  vcrles  had 
jifver  been  ivrttcn  at  «ll,  fince  they  new 
feivc  as  a  monument  pf  his  ambition  xyith- 
p  It  bring  -4  proof  of  his  abilitiej. 

Vin,A  Plan  of  Education  fcr  the  NoiU't^atfd 
Gentry  cf  Git-At  Britain,  Moji  Humbly  ad' 
d"fl'idt^  the  Fjtitr  zf  hit  People j  by  Thorual 
S;.eridan,  A.  M     143  pages,  gvo.   Di'ly. 

This  plan  ot  education  is  written  by  l^ir* 
Shertd;m,  \\\r.  celebrated  tragedian,  whofe 
ifolicitudc  f-r  :■  foiroiog  the  prcfent  td'^^t.  of 
inJIru^  ng  oor  v^utfi,  ji^s  aluady  ^iven  birth 
to  fcx^n*!  p'if<fmaijcc«  which  have  btfti 
■vcr^   favDUiab'y  received  by  the  public; ^la 


his  dedication  to  the  king,  Mr.  Sheiidan  of- 
fers to  emp'ioy  the  remainder  of  his  life  in 
conjuring  ao  academy  inftitoted  upon 
hit  own  principles,  provided  ke  is  allowed  an 
appointment  equal  to  what  he  is  now  able  to 
make  in  much  W%  laborioua  purfuits  \.  with 
regard  to  the  defeats  in  the  prevailing  f^fleta 
ot  our  fcbools,  he  thus  deliycrs  himlclf. 

**  The  folc  end  pro;  o'cd  at  pre(«at  ia  to 
m^lce  good  Litio  and  Greek  fcholara,  and 
minute  philofophers  \  whereas  the  true  cods 
of  education  in  all  cbriUian  countries,  ooghc 
to  be  to  make  good  men,  and  good  citixens. 

Th4S  the  tender  minds  at  fir  ft  fettiog  oat 
get  a  wrong  bias  \  the  moft  piecioos  years  of 
lite  aie  employ  d  yvboUy  \a  fladies  whick 
will  produce  little  future  benefit  co  ihem  or 
advantage  tn  the  world  }  while  fuch  aa  would 
contribute  mo(l  to  public  and  private  prof- 
periry,  that  is  to  fay«  religion,  morality,  tod 
the  Englilh  language,  are  utterly  negkAed. 

Nor  are  the  means  lefs  abfurd  or  prejodi- 
cia)  than  the  end. 

In  the  firfl  place,  all  bop  wbatibeve^ 
and  how  dift'eicnt  foever  their  profeffioas  io 
life  may  be,  are  trained  In  one  and  the  fame 
hook?,  puriue  the  fame  exercifes :  whether 
they  are  to  be  legiflatort,  divines,  phyficiaoH 
foldi^rSf  meichantt  or  mechanics.  Aod  tbia 
courfe  is  io  far  from  fitting  them  for  tbe^ 
feveral  prolef&oos,  thit  it  does  doc  in  the 
fmalIcA  degree  quali  y  them  for  any  one. 

But  of,  all  the  abfurditiet,  that  of  the 
written  exercifes,  in  uhich  thtgrcateft  por* 
tion  of  the  boys  time,  even  at  the  bell 
fchools  in  Eng'aoJ,  is  taken  up,  appears  the 
moft  Orange.  They  are  fee  about  perfor- 
maqces  which  jequtie  invention  and  judg« 
ment,  before  either  the  (lorehoufe  of  the  me* 
mory  is  iupplicd  wah  materials,  of  any  kind 
but  a  few  words  )  or  the  underlianding  enlight- 
ened, or  cxcrcifed. 

Such  a  gri.rU/  erroosous  pradice  ca  nnot 
be  better  expofed,  than  by  a  repreientaioii 
of  the  behav.our  of  the  poor  hoys  upon  tiiit 
occa5on  (fet  like  the  Ifraehtes  to  make  bnck 
without  the  flt**)  who  generally  apply  to 
thole  in  the  upper  claiTes,  and  telling  tnem 
the  fubjcA  ot.  their  cxercife,  addicfs  them 
in  this  ridicujouA  phrafe,  *'  Pr^ gi%ie  me  a 
li'tlg  fenfe:**  J\nd  when  their  want  it  fup- 
plied  in  this  refpedt,  their  bu&neis  is  to  tuta 
it  into  barbarous  Latin. 

Nor  is  this  the  moft  ridiculous  part  of 
fchool  exerci'cs :  the  extravagant  attempt  ta 
force  all  to  be  poets  in  fpvte  of  nature ;  of 
having  four  exeicii'esout  cf  five  or  this  kiod, 
and  that  in  a  dead  language  too  y  of  obliging 
all  boys  bclong*ng  to  the  fame  daft  to  write 
the  fame  number  of  verf.s,  whatever  diffe- 
enre  there  may  be  in  point  of  genius  11^  ca- 
pacity j  are  pradices  fo  oppofite  to  common 
icnic,  that  it  is  a  wonder  how  they  could 
ever  h^yc  o^Uiuc^  footing  ii^  a  c  viliafd 
couhlry, 

w 


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768. 

If  a  fp*ort(fnan  were  to  take  great  pains  to 
ave  his  greyhounds,  his  mzRiSfs,  and  a  1 
>rt$  of  dogs,  taighc  to  hunt  in  the  fame 
lanner  that  hounds  do ;  and  (hould  mingle 
"icra  all  with  the  pack  when  he  went  in 
urfuit  of  a  fo»  or  a  hare,  how  would  his 
cighbourt  hugh  at  him  ?  And  yet  would 
hicre  be  any  thing  more  abfurd  in  this  prac- 
ice  than  the  other?  I  remember  indeed  to 
ave  fcen  a  cur  dog,  which  had  been  brei 
ith  the  hounds  from  a  puppy,  and  wifich 
onftanily  went  out  with  ihcm  to  the  chafe, 
rov^e  an  excellent  mimck  of  their  manners. 
f  e  put  his  nofe  to  the  ground,  and  pretended 
3  fccnt ;  he  yelped  when  they  were  in  cry, 
nd  Teemed  »•  bufy  as  the  beft  in  the  field, 
iow  many  bufy  yelpmg  curs  in  poetry,  this 
node  of  education  has  peftered  the  world  with 
he  prefs  }]as  but  too  liberally  informed  us. 

The  rext  great  error  in  the  present  mc- 
hod  it  that  of  ranging  the  boys  in  clafT^s  ac- 
ording  to  their  different  landing,  and 
Lceping  all  the  fame  length  of  time  in  the 
^.me  clafs.  From  th:s  praft  ce  one  of  thcfe 
wo  bad  confequences  muft  be  produced  j 
iiher  that  thofe  of  the  quickefl  parts  muft 
vait  for  thofc  of  the  floweft,  to  their  great 
lindrance  and  lofsoftimej  or  tho'e  6f  the 
loweft  mud  be  compelled  to  keep  pace  with 
hofe  of  the  quickeft :  which  in  point  of 
e  irning  is  an  impoflTibility  ;  and  if  it  be  only 
(bferved  in  point  of  landing,  abfolute  igno- 
ance  muft  en(oe  on  their  parti. 

What  a  fine  damper  to  emulation  muft 
his  prove  of  uncommon  parts  !  If  the  horfes 
vbich  run  at  Newmarket,  were  to  be  linked 
ogcther  by  a  Kong  rope  we  ihould  hardly  fee 
fucb  exertions  in  the  race.'* 

Mr.  Sheridan  then  proceeds  to  fhew  that 
:hc  very  fmall  falary  allowed  to  fchool m«fte»s, 
>bliges  iill  to  take  a  much  larger  number  of 
>upils  than  they  can  prop^iy  attend  ;  hence 
[adds  he)  «'  arifes  the  ncceflity  of  clallcs  in 
he  manner  above-mentioned,  of  the  fame 
)3oks,  the  fame  exercifes,  Sec,  for  as  it  is 
mpofTible  that  a  matter  fo  circamftanccd,  can 
give  a  particular  attention  to  each  particular 
boy,  he  muft  to  avoid  any  appearance  of  p.ir- 
ialitv,  aft  towards  al^  by  one  genera!  rule.'* 

The  narrow  limits  of  a  magazine,  where 
fuch  a  variety  of  fubjefls  are  to  be  treated  of, 
will  not  allow  us  to  give  a  longer  extra^ 
from  Mr.  Sheridan, —Upon  the  whole,  how- 
ever, there  are  many  judicious  regulations  to  his  ' 
plan,  though  there  are  many  things  too  ro- 
mantic to  be  pra£ticible,  and  it  is  particularly 
^ell  worth  the  attention  of  the  cpuleBt, 
who  are  willing  lo  pay  an  extraordinay  at- 
ten'ion  to  the  education  of  their  child'en. 

IX.  y^Jh.rt  /Jcc^ur.t  of  that  Part  of  Africa 
irslahitcdbj  tkc Neg  o(i    ovo.   2S.    Horsfield. 

This  is  one  of  the  authors  v-ho  plcafc 
ev(n  without  ahilitirs  :  his  arguments  are 
the  diiiUtcB  of  ^cauinc   humatiity,    and  Us 


Va  r  I  o  u  s   Articles. 


667 


endeavour  is  to  fljew  from  the  au  thority  of  fe- 
▼er<l  eminent  writer*,  that  the  (lave  trade  to 
Sirica  /bouid  be  inftantly  fopprefTed  00  ac~ 
count  of  its  evident  barbarity. 

X.  Artt^  ManufjSbtreSf  and  Cornnurce,  a 
Poem,  By  George  Cockings.  8vp.  is,  6d« 
Cooke. 

Mr.  Cockings,  if  we  miftkke  not,  is  pof- 
tertothe  hudable  fociety  for  tl^e  encourage- 
ment of  Arts,  Manufa^ures,  and  Commerce, 
and  therefore  for  a  poet  in  fuch  a  fituation 
the  good  natured  reader  will  kindly  make  al- 
lowaQces~-though  indetd  we  fcarcely  remem- 
ber any  production  which  requires  more  al- 
io waters  than  the  prefent  article. 
,  X\,  A  Jhort  Fiew  of  the  Hiflory  of  the 
Co/wryo/'Mairachufett's  Bay,  %uitb  Refpe^  h 
tbtir  original  Charter  and  Conftitution,  is,  6d» 
Wilkie. 

A  neceflTary  paojphlet  in  the  prefent  fitua- 
tiiB  of  our  diffaencei  with  the  American 
col  onies. 

XIl  Low  at  Crofs  'Purpofu^^Exemplified 
in  two  ftntimental  and  conntfftd  HiJiorUi  from 
real  Life^  vix.  The  forced  Marriage^  or.  The 
Htftory  of  Sir  Geoige  Frecmore  ard  Mift 
Emily  Menel,  a  vol.  itmo.'and  the  Memorrt 
of  Lady  Frances  Freemore  ar.d  her  Family^ 
%  vol.    1 2 mo.     Noble. 

Love  indeed  at  crofs-purpofes,  and  very 
tender  tor  young  ladies  during  the  interrup- 
tion which  the  piefcnt  feafon  gives  to  the 
emitloyments  of  the  boarding  fchool. 

XIII.  The  Hijiory  of  England  from  the  j9c- 
e^Jjton  0/ James  the  Ftrfi,  to  the  Ekvation  cf 
the  Houfe  of  Hanover.  By  C*tharinc  Macau* 
lay,  vol.  4.  4to.   15s.  Johnfton. 

This  volume  contains  the  reign  of  Charlef 
the  Firft,  from  the  diflcnfion  between  the 
two  houfes  of  parliament  to  the  execution 
of  liiat  prince— and  breathes  like  the  former 
volumes  of  Mr»,  Macaulay's  hiftory,  fpiri^ 
genuine  freedom,  ftrong  good  fenfe,  and 
ftri^  imparriaJiry.  In  the  more  forward  part 
of  the  prcfcptMjg^tiiie  we  have  made  an  ex- 
trad  from  it,  which  we  are  certain  will  be 
acceptable  to  our  readers. 

XIV.  Experiments  andOhfervafions  in  Ehc' 
tn'ii.yt  made  at  Philadelphia  in  America, 
6y  Benjamin  Franklin,  L.L.  D.  and  F.  R.  $• 
4to.  I  vol.  I  OS.    Newbety. 

This  is  a  current  ecition  of  what  the  very 
ingenious  Dr.  Frariklin  h.n  written  on  elec- 
trical fybjcfts — but  the  author*s  reputation  in 
this  walk  of  fcience  is  too  univerfally  known 
and  admired  to  Aand  in  the  leail  want  of  our 
recommendation. 

XV.  The  American  Gazette,  No.  III. 
8vo.    IS.   KcarHcy. 

The  utility  of  this  compilation  rifes  upon 
us  in  every  number,  and  it  is  but  truth  to 
fay  that  it  contains  many  things  of  the  ut- 
moA  importance  both  to  Great  Britain  and 
her  Aqaerican  cviooie^t 

;^VL 


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668 


ne  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


Dec 


XVJ.  7ce  Cafe  U  Anne  and  If^ac  Srof, 
^jnhvptu  Im  Metibantt  and  Dry'Salun, 
By  Mrt.  Scott,  2s.     Ftexney.   . 

He&r  both  itdei  of  every  queftion  before 
you  pfooounce  your  opinion,'*  is  the  advice 
•^  a  very  fcnfible  writer— therefore  till  we 
tead  the  Anfwer  to  this  paoiphiet,  which  if 
•heady  advertifed,  we  fliall  not  cak£  upon  us 
to  fay  how  far  Mri.  Scott*t  narration  is  to  be 
tclicd  OB.— The  tendency  of  her  performance 
i«  to  leilen  the  charaA'er  of  the  aOigPcet  to 
the  commii&oii  of  bankroptc|  taken  oot 
againft  her  and  her  fon»  and  to  (hew  that 
from  the  failure  of  her  houfe  fo  the  pttfent 
Iiovf.  Aie  hat  been  trtated  with  unexampled 
cruelty  by  thefe  gentlemen. 

XVII.  A  Letter  from  a  Ltdf  f  the  Bifiop 
•J  London,  0£t.  yt.     Brown. 

Whether  ihif  letter  it  or  it  not  written  by 
n  )ady  mott  be  i  matter  of  Ihtle  confequcnce 
to  the  readers,  the  only  thing  neceflary  for 
bis  knowledge,  is,  the  merit  of  the  perfor- 
loaocei  which  in  onr  opinion  it  vlry  little, 
nt  the  piece  conraint  nothing  but  a  trite,  un- 
aeeeflittry  dedamatioo  in  favour  of  good  works, 
nnd  a  melancholy  piophefy  that  (bme  fuch 
terrible  judgement  will  fpecdily  overtake  thit 
kingdom,  at  fell  upon  Sodom  and  Oopnorrah, 
to  punifli  the  extravagant  profligacy  of  the  ia- 
lubttao:t. 

XVIII.  Am  Ufmry  Irrto  the  Natmre  awd 
Csmftt  9/  the  preftMt  Difputes  between  the  Bri« 
tifi>  Cohnki  in  America  andtbt  Metbtr  Cstfa- 
$rj,  Oa.  U.  6d.     WilkiC. 

The  author  of  thit  pamphlet  it  not  withont 


moderation,  and  fiys,  th»t  the  Amcricass 
fhould  either  be  allowed  a  repre(enutton  in 
the  pailiament  of  Great  Britain,  or  that  th^ 
ihould  be  indulged  with  an  internal  legiilatioa 
of  their  own,  fuhjef^  however  to  the  controul 
of  the  mother  country.  This  is  all  the  Ame* 
ricans  contend  for,  and  the  only  (btffce  of 
their  complaints  is  the  new  mode  of  taxing 
them,  either  without  a  parliamentary  repic- 
fcntative  or  the  cuftomary  coocarreace  of 
their  refpeAiveaflemblics. 

XIX.  The  Jwtnal  ef  a  Tnro  Muahe  Tam-i 
with  a  yieto  tf  ptmutinr  Relipon  awtomg  tht 
fremtier  Inhahitan/g  ef  Penfylvania,  Mmd  ef 
imr^dikcimg  Cbrifiiamity  atmmg  the  Indians  as 
the  ffyhufsrd  of  the  Al^-gh  Geny  MetmtstMU 
&c*  Bf  Charles  Bcatty,  A.  M.  iio 
pages,  Sfo* 

This  is  a  very  well  metnt,  bat  a  very  duD 
Bccount  of  the  autnor*a  toor  for  the  poipo^ 
Beottooed  in  the  title  pag^— Mr.  Beecty  in^ 
deed  gives  ut  an  infermatton  which  moll  af- 
ford much  fatiifadion  to  every  benevolcfll 
mind,  namely,  that  throogh  the  variont 
parts  of  hit  journey  he  found  the  Indians  csa- 
ibntly  eager  to  be  inftruded  in  the  princi<- 
plet  of  Chriftianlty. — Annexed  to  the  Toor 
•re  Ibme  arguments  endeavouring  to  prove 
that  certain  of  the  Indian  tribes  are  deiceni- 
ed  from  the  Jews  ;  bat  this  is  nothing  ex- 
traoidinary  when  our  aotl^or  feeQS  to  think 
that  a  particular  nation  of  theic  lavages  eii- 
gioally  emigrated  from  Wales,  and  that  they 
fpeak  the  Welch  langoa§e  at  this  hour  very 
fCrfeOly. 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


London,  Dec.  18,  1768. 
LJf  VJ  t  S  majefly,  ever  ready  to  en- 
^"^^  courage  oieful  improvementty 
H  \y  *^^  al«ay#  intent  upon  pro« ' 
]F|(  moting  every  branch  of  polite 
riBt  ^^^^1^1^'  ^*^^  ^^^  grtciouf- 
^^  ly  pleafed  to  inflitute  in  thit 
metropolis  a  royal  academy  of  arts,  to  be  ua* 
der  his  majefty*s  own  immediate  patronage, 
and  under  the  dire^ion  of  forty  artifts  of  the 
firft  rank  in  their  feveral  profeffions. 

The  principal  objeft  of  this  inftitution  is 
to  be  the  eftablifhment  of  well  regulated 
fchoola  of  defign,  where  ftudents  in  the  arts 
may  find  that  iaHru^lion  which  h^th  fo  long 
heen  wanted,  and  fo  long  wished  for  in  this 
country.  For  th  if  end,  therefore,  there  will 
be  a  winte^  academy  of  living  models  of  d^» 
ferent  cbara6^ers  to  draw  after,  and  a  fummer 
academy  of  living  models  of  different  cha- 
raders  to  paint  after;  there  will  alfo  belay- 
men  wi:h  &I1  (bits  of  draperies,  both  an- 
ticnt  and  modem,  an^  choice  cafls  of  all 
the  celebrated  antique  ftatuer,  groups,  and 
M^'reltevws.    I|ine  of  the  ablc^  aca^emici- 

i 


ant,  elected  atonually  from  amoogil  the  foty, 
are  to  attend  thefe  fcbools  by  rotation,  to 
fet  the  figures,  to  examine  the  performance 
of  the  fludents,  to  advife  and  inftrud  them, 
and  to  turn  their  attention  towards  that 
branch  of  the  arts  for  which  they  (halt  fees 
to  have  the  apieft  difpofitton. 

And  in  order  tc  in^d  the  ftudents  in 
the  principles  and  laws  of  compoiition,  te 
firengtbeo  their  judgment,  to  form  their 
tafte  of  djefign  and  colouring,  to  point  out  to 
them  the  beauties  and  tmpofe^ons  of  ccle* 
brated  performances,  and  tl\e  particular  ex- 
cellencies and  defe^ls  ^f  great  maflers,  to  fit 
them  for  an  unprejudiced  ftudy  of  books,  and 
to  lead  them  into  the  readiet  and  mod  cfB- 
cacious  paths  of  ftudy^  there  arc  appointed  a 
profelTor  of  Painting,  a  profedbr  of  Arehi- 
tedure,  one  of  Anatomy,  and  one  of  Per- 
ipedive,  who  are  annoally  10  read  a  certain 
number  of  public  lc£lures  in  the  fchools,  cal* 
pulated  for  the  purpofss  above  recited. 

Furthermore,  there  will  be  a  library  ef 
books  of  aichite^re,  '  Icatptore,  paint- 
logy    and    aU  the   fcicneet    relating  there- 

Wi 


X 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(768.        nt  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER.  % 


0  5  alfo  cf  print!  ©f  bafrelicft,  vafcs,  tro- 
hiesy  omimeott,  aoue^c  an4  modern 
ireflfei,  cuftoxnt,  and  ceremonies,  inftiu- 
nents  of  war  an^  arts,  utenfils  of  facrifice, 
nd  all  otbex  thiogt  ufeful  to  ftudenta  in  the 
Its. 

The  admiffion  to  all  thefe  eftabli/hments 
nil  be  free,  to  all  AudenU  properly  qualified 
9  reap  advantage  from  fuch  ftudiea  aa  are 
ti£re  cultivated*  The  profeffors  and  acade- 
licians,  who  Inflmft  in  the  fchooU,  hare 
ach  of  them  proper  falariea  annexed  to  their 
mploymenu:  aa  have  alfo  the  treafurer, 
be  keeper  X>f  the  Royal  Academy,  the  fe- 
reury«  and  all  other  perfona  employed  in 
fie  management  of  the  faid  inftitution  ;  and 
it  majeav  hath,  for  the  prefcnt,  allotted  a 
irge  houfe  in  Pall-mall  for  the  purpofet  of 
he  ichoolf,  &C. 

Aod  that  the  effeai  of  thii  tmly  royal  In- 
vitation may  be  confpicuoui  to  the  worldf 
here  will  be  an  annual  exhibition  of  paint- 
aga,  fculptutts,  and  defigni,  open  to-  all  a»- 
\fi%  of  diainguifted  merit,  where  they  may 
flfier  their  performaacea  to  public  view,  and 
cquire  that  degree  of  fame  and  encou- 
agement  which  they  flull  be  deemed  to  de- 
erve. 

But  aa  all  men,  who  enter  the  career  of 
be  aru,  are  not  equally  fu^efafol,  and  aa 
>me  unhappily  never  acqiure  either  fame^or 
ncouragemcnt,  but  after  many  yeari  of  pain- 
iilftudy,  at  a  time  of  life  when  it  ia  too 
itc  to  think  of  other  purfuiti,  find  them- 
rlvea  deflitute  of  eveiy  meana  of  fobfifience  { 
nd  aa  othen  are,  by  varioua  tnfiimitiea  in- 
ident  to  man,  rendered  incapable  of  exciting 
heir  talentf,  and  othera  are  cut  off  in  the 
loom  of  li/e,  before  it  could  be  poffible  to 
rovide  for  their  families  Hia  majefty, 
^hofe  benevolence  and  generofity  overflow  in 
very  aftion  of  hia  life,  hath  allotted  a  confi- 
eaable  fum,  annually  to  be  diftributed,  for 
ic  relief  of  indigent  artifta,  and  their  dif- 
reffed  familiei« 

This  ia  but  a  flight  feetch  of  the  inftitutton 
r  The  Royal  Academy  of  Arti,  yet  fuffi- 
icnt  to  convince  the  world,  that  no  country 
in  boaft  of  a  more  ufeful  eftabli&ment, 
or  of  any  elUblilhed  upon  more  noble  piin* 
iplea. 

The  prefcnt  Officers  are. 


)(haa  Reynolds  prc- 

fident. 
/•  Chambers,  trea 

furer.l 

J.Mich.Mofer,keep 
ra.  Mtl.Newton,  fe- 

cretary. 

CoufictU 
George  Barret, 
/I'lliam  Chamben, 
rancis  Cotes, 
athaniel  Hone, 
ucmiab  Mejer, 


Profeffor  of  Paintbg. 
Edward  Penny;   of 
Architecture,  Tho. 
Sandby ;  of  Antto- 
my,  Dr.W.Hunter; 
of  Perfpeftive,  Sa- 
muel Walcr 
Vijitor*. 
Ageftino  Carlini, 
Charles  Cdtton, 
J.  Bap.  Cipriani, 
Nathaniel  Dance, 
Francis  Hay  man. 


Counci/,  '  Vlfitwt. 

Edward  Ptnny,  I  Peter  Toms, 

Paul  Sandby,  |  Benjamin  Wef!, 

Jofeph  Wikon.  I  Richard  Wilfon, 

I  FrancefcoZuccarellu 
TuiSDAY,    Dec.  20. 

Weihniofter,  Thia  day  his  majefly  came  to 
the  houfe  ctf  peera,  aod  being  in  his  royal  robca 
feated  on  the  throne  with  the  ufua  1  foiemnity^ 
Sir  Francis  Molyneux,  gentleman  uilierof  the 
black  rod,  was  fent  with  a  mtllage  from  hia 
majef^  tothe  houfe  of  common',  commanding 
their  attendance  in  the  houfe  of  pceri*  The 
commons  being  come  thither  accordingly, 
his  majgfiy  wtt  pleafed  to  give  the  royal  aiip- 
fcttt  to 

An  aA  for  coatinuiog  an«!^  granting  to  hb 
majefty,  certain  duties  upon  malt,  muan 
cyder,  and  perry,  for  the  fervice  of  the  yeae 
one  tboufand  feven  hundred  and  fixty-nine^ 

An  aA  for  granting  an  aid  to  his  majefiy 
by  a  land-UX|  to  be  raifed  in  great  Britain^ 
for  the  fervice  of  the  year  one  thoufaad  /evea 
hundred  and  fncty-nine. 

An  a£l  for  punifhing  mutiny  and  defeHion« 
and  for  the  beiter  payment  of  the  army  ani 
their  quarters* 

An  a£l  for  the  regulation  of  hie  aiajefiy*o 
marine  forces  while  on  fhore. 

An  a£l  for  the  more  cffe^ually  preventing 
Che  clandeftine  importation  of  foreign  fptriti  § 
and  for  explaining  fuch  part  of  an  aft  made 
in  the  fifth  year  of  his  prefent  mxjeH^,  as  re- 
latts  to  the  penalties  inAifled  upon  perfone 
felling  ale,  beer,  or  other  excifeable  liquors 
by  retail  without  licence;  aod  tor  takinif 
away  certain  powers,  granted  by  former  a^, 
for  ponifhing^erfons  convicted  of  retailing 
fpirituous  liquorf,  without  licence. 

An  z€t  to  allow  for  a  further  time,  the 
free  importation  of  rice  ir^to  this  kingdnm 
from  his  majefty*s  colonies  in  Norih  America. 

An  ad  for  the  repairing,  improving,  ao^ 
better  prefisrving,  of  the  harbour  aod  quay  ol 
Wells,,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk. 

An  a€l  for  erecting  a  market*houfe,  an^ 
holding  a  market  in  the  town  of  Taunton  in 
the  county  of  Somerfet,  and  for  preventing 
the  holding  of  any  market  in  the  Hreets  of 
the  faid  town,  and  for  cleanfing  the  ftreetv 
and  preventing  nuifances-  and  obftruAirna 
therein;  and  for  lighting  certain  ftrctts  ia 
the   faid  town. 

An  t€t  for  repairing  and  widening  the 
roadSy  from  the  turnpike  road  at  Golford 
Green,  in  the  parifh  of  Sandhurft,  and  from 
the  GreeUi  near  Benendcn  church,  to  the 
Bull-inn  at  Rolvenoen  Crafa  in  the  county  of 
Kent, 

And  to  fix  private 'bills, 

Wednesoay,  11. 

At  the  general  court  of  the  India  com- 
pany held  yefterday,  it  appeared  thst  a  very 
extraordinary  ftep  had  been  taken,  in  order  to 
conceal  the  prcfcat  brilliant  ftatc  cf  the  eorb- 

^an>> 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


670 


The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


yany*!  affain,  vie.  the  fecreting  the  fum  of 
i,2.~o,oool.  from  the  annua)  acccunc  of  the 
company,  made  up  to  June  Ud,  This  ma- 
ncBuvre,  when  difcovercd,  afforded  no  fmall 
^«rfjon  to  ihc  propriciort,  efpccially  at  the 
cxcufe  made  for  thii  pioui  fraud  wa%  that  it 
was  done  with  the  bell  iniention  poUlblc* 
that  of  not  letting  govcrnmcnt.into  the  true 
ftate  of  the  c<»mpany*i  aff-irf,  left  they  (hould 
f^mtT^e  C^e  compcny  j — the  truth  however  came 
out,  which,  in  fcsv  wcrc«,  is,  ('hat  notwith- 
fianding  common  pl.<ce  complaints  of  bad 
IkJet,  fimple  contra£^  debts,  &:c.}  the  com- 
pany has  been  going  o  1  for  three  years  paft 
in  the  ^cumulation  of  one  million  thre6  hun- 
dred thou 'and  pounds  per  annum,  exclufive 
of  the  fums  paid  to  government,  and  the 
augmentation  of  dividend  ^  fo  that  the  pro* 
f  rktors  have  this  confolation  at  leaR,  that 
if  they  have  not  l^een  allowed  two  and  a  half 
fer  cent,  more  than  their  pre<ent  dividend, 
they  ha^te  ncvcnhelers  been  laying  up  ever 
£ncethe  acquifuion  of  the  Dewannee  (oiX.y  per 
nnt,  ptr  annum ;  on  a^umulation  which,  in 
the  twelve  unexpired  yniirs  of  the  charter, 
would  leave  the  company  the  trifling  capital 
of  twenty  millions. 

Elizabeth  Ricbardfonf  *  ^)k>  was  con- 
demned on  Saturday  fevennight  it  the  Old 
Bailey,  for  the  muriSer  of  Mr,  Pimlot,  attor- 
ney, of  Symmonds  ior^,  was,  purfuant  to 
ker  fcntcnce,  executed  at  Tyburn :  She  be- 
haved with  great  penitence  and  devotion,  and 
feemed  truly  fenfible  of  the  atrocioufnefs  of 
her  crime.  She  appeared  to  be  about  thirty- 
jfirc  years  of  age,  her  perfon  very  plain, 
brown  compledVion,  and  mtich  pock-frctten. 
Aiitt  hanging  the  ufoal  time,  her  body  was 
c\it  down,  and  carried  to  furgeon*8  hall  for 
diflc^ion. 

John  Simmonds  commonly  called  Csp- 
,  lain  Simmonds,  who  was  foroc  time  fmcc, 
at  a  trial  before  Lord  Mansfield,  convi£led 
of  unlawfully  inveigling  and  decoying  men 
into  the  fervice  of  the  ^aft  India  company, 
confining  them  as  prifoners  in  a  lock-op 
houfe  in  Chancery- lane,  where  they  were 
frequently  bear  and  otbei  wife  cruelly  u  fed,  com- 
pelled, contrary  to  their  inclinations,  to  take 
the  ufualoa'.hsfor  fuch  fervice,  and  afterwards 
by  force,  put  on  board  vc/Tels  in  order  to  be 
fent  abroad,  was  brought  up  to  the  court  of 
Kiog*8-Bench   to  receive  judgment|    when 


the  faid  court,  by  Mr.  Jufltce  Yatet  (vh^ 
moft  pathetically  expatiated  upon  the  iiei> 
noufnefs  and  enormity  or  the  crime)  ordered 
him  to  be  confined  in  the  King't-Bench 
frSon  for  eighteen  Calendar  months,  and 
after  the  expiration  of  that  time  to  iino  leco* 
rity  for  bis  good  behaviour  for  feven  yean.— 
This  profecution,  which,  to  the  honour  of 
the  court  of  aldermen  of  the  city  of  Londao» 
was  carried  on  by  their  direOion,  it  is  hoped, 
will  effcflually  put  an  end  to  thefe  wicked 
pra£lices,  and  happily  prevent,  for  the  fotore.  * 
iftc  liberty  of  the  fubjcd  from  being  lb  grof-  ^ 
]y  and  inhumanly  invaded. 

Satuiday,  24* 
His  majefty  went  with  the  ufaal  ftate,  to 
the  hou'e  of  peers,  attended  by  hit  grace 
the  duke  of  Ancafler  and  the  earl  of  Den- 
bigh, and  gave  the  royal  affer.t  to  the  bill  for 
prohibiting,  for  a  fiuther  limited  time,  the 
exportation  of  corn,  grain,  meal,  malt,  floar, 
bifcuit,  and  darch,  and  alfo  the  cxtra^oa 
of  fpirits  from  low  wines. 

The  following  is  an  account  of  d}e  expoftt 
to  the  continent  of  America  from. Engliad 
only,  ^  five  years,  exclufive  of  Scotland* 

1761 


amounrt  to 


1762 

1763 
1764 
1765 


1.5 54*836    ft 
1.812.0S2  17 

2,230,0^2  15 

2,2lS,450      3 


-  £'  10,360,821  16   s 

which  it  1,072,164!,  jr,  ^d. pa- anmimt  vk 
a  medium  or  thofe  five  yean,  by  the  coiloai* 
houfe  entiies  and  valuation. 
Imports  from  the  continent  of  J\merica  to 
England  only,  for  fife  years  caclufirc  •! 
Scotland : 


1761 

amount  to 

787  9?8  1.5 

0 

1762 

— 

1.149,899  3 

6 

l;6j 

— 

1,1*4,844  s 

6 

17^4 

— 

1,202,238  II 

a 

1765 

"* 

1.804,689  19 

IX 

.      .  £  5'4O5>950  «^     » 

whichis  tjoSijfjol.  3».  yii.  per  omaaat  •a 
a  medium  of  thofe  five  years,  by  the  cufioa- 
houfe  entries  of  Enghnd  only. 

[T^e  rcmaindir  of  tht  Chrsne/cger,  FcrtfgB 
J^ffairs  and  fbt  Lifit,  &C>  far  1 7 68,  $9  tsf 
yippcndix.} 


About  the  MidJU  of  January  iwV/  be  puhlifbed^  Price  6d. 

The  APPENDIX   to  the    LONDON  MAGAZINE, 

FOR        1768*. 

Containing  a  great  Variety  of  important  ind  entertaining  Particalars^  abfo«  < 
lutely  neceffary  to  complete  thcYcar. 

Together  with  a  beautifully  engraved  General  Title  and  FaoiiTisFieCEy 
and  accurate  and  copious  IN  D  £  X  £  S  to  the  Volume* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


APPENDIX 

T  O    T  H  E 

London   Magazine; 

MDCCLXVIII. 


ExtraSs  from  Letters  concerning  the 
Prefent  State  of  the  French  Na. 
tion^  &r.    ($€€  p.  645.^ 

<^5**i^^i^J#*^HE  ftate  td  which 
4  J^yL  \^  France  was  reduced 
rfjM  rp  y(J>  by  the  laft  war,  was 
4lH  wA  ^^  exceedingly   low 

J*^^Q^^^J  and  miferable    that 

J**'*^**  J!"^^  campaigns, 
^  ^  ^  ^  perhaps  a  finale  on« 
more,,  would  have  fixed  the  acquifttions 
made  by  the  Fnglilh  for  ever  in  their 
hands.  It  is  needlels  to  point  oiu  the 
dreadful  confequences  to  France  of 
fuch  an  event  \  and  that  it  would  have 
been  brought  about  almoft  without  an 
efibrt  is  very  palpable.  The  French 
power  was  become  entirely  defpicable 
to  that  nation-* (he  would  have  drip- 
ped her  enemy  of  every  colony,  fcttle- 
incnt  and  poueiTion  that  was  disjointed 
from  the  very  kingdom  of  France  it- 
felf— (he  would  not  have  left  even  a 
ihadow  of  any  trade  or  naval  force— 
ib  circumftanced  fhe  might,  at  a  mo- 
derate expencc,  have  btd  defiance  to 
France,  and  indeed  all  Chriftendom— 
carrying  on  half  the  commerce  of  the 
globe,  in  pofTeflion  of  the  moft  valua- 
ble fettlements  of  France  and  Spain- 
growing  more  rich  and  potent  from 
the  very  caufes  that  ruined  her  ene- 
mies— (he  might  have  kept  all  her 
conquefts,  and  gained  fifty  times  more 
from  a  perpetual  French  and  Spantfh 
war,  than  the  beft  treaty  ever  made 
could  enrich  her  with. 

But  the  advocates  for  a  peace  in 

JVpp,  X768. 


England  urged  ftronglv  the  neceflity 
of  concluding  a  war  which  coft  them 
fo  many  millions  annually.  Weak 
and  defpicable  politicks!  They  did 
not  feem  to  confider,  that  a  peace 
whenever  made  was  nothing  more  than 
a  refpite  to  the  French  to  enable  them 
to  recruit  their  lofies  by  their  trade^ 
and  render  them  fpeedily  ftrong  enougli 
(according  to  the  ideas  of  the  French  gO' 
nfernment)  again  to  try  the  fuccefs  of 
war :  and  that  one  million  expended 
with  judgment  in  the  courfe  of  a  prof* 
perous  war,  is  of  more  e(fe6b  than  the 
chance  oiji've  in  any  future  one  \  when 
miniilers,  commanders,  and  meafuree 
on  all  fides  may  be  fo  totally  different. 
Nor  can  any  one  venture  to  affert,  that 
another  campaign,  carried  on  againft 
the  French  and  Spanifh  fettlements  at 
the  expence  of  twenty  millions  flerline, 
would  not  have  been  attended,  in  all 
probability,  with  more  fuccefs  than  an 
hundred  millions  fpent  in  a  fucceeding 
one  after  the  enemy  is  recruited  bjr 
trade  and  commerce.  I  ftate  that  fum 
fuppofing  it  all  expended  on  mariiimg 
meafures,  and  that  five  millions  an* 
nually  were  neceffary  to  be  f«nt  by  the 
Englifli  to  Germany  to  effect  their 
conquefls  elfewherc. 

It  fhould  be  remembered,  that  there 
is  a  vaft  difference  between  a  million 
fpent  againft  an  enemy  almoft  crufhed, 
and  a^ainft  an  enemy  in  the  beginning 
of  a  war,  when  both  partic?  ftart  near- 
ly equal.  The  milli%>n,  in  the 'latter 
cafe,  poflibly  evaporates  without  a  fin- 
gle  advantage  being  gained'  b)  it — - 

4  (i^a  the 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


€y4 


Sad  Polry  of  the  Englifh. 


the  enemy  is  prepared*  and  very  little 
ffround,  if  any,  is  gained  :  it  is,  there- 
fore, very  apparent  that  many  millions 
muft  be  expended  e*ven  in  a  fuccefsful 
war,  for  ott£  to  take  rreat  tStdt :  that 
is,  the  enemy  muft  Ee  reduced  ;  but 
when  he  is  reduced  every  iixpence 
takes  ef&d— every  blow  reaches  his 
v^y  vhals— — refiftance  is  faint  and 
languid-— then  is  the  time  to  flinch 
not  at  great  expences  which  operate  fo 
ilrongly  to  prevent  future  ones. 

The  Engliih,  on  the  contrary,  ex- 
pend imnienfe  fums  to  reduce  their 
enemy— when  he  is  reduced,  they 
qnai  rel  and  become  fadious  amongft 
themfelves  ;  new  mini^rs  come  into 
power,  and  they  make  a  peace*  to 
cftablifh  that  power^  their  enemies  re- 
gain the  chierof  their  lofles— by  thofe 
means  they  recruit  their  worn  out 
forces,  become  rich .  again  by  that 
trade  which  is  given  them  by  their  con- 
qiierors,  and  in  fine,  trv  the  chance 
of  war  again->-then  muft  all  the  for- 
mer preparatory  millions  be  again  ex- 
pended by  the  EngliOi,  perhaps  to  no 
effed  :  whereas  one  tenth  of  the  ex- 
pence  added  to  that  of  the  former  war, 
in  continuing  it,  would  have  fo 
ihrengtbened  themfelves  by  cutting  otf 
the  refburces  of  their  enemies,  as  to 
defeat  the  very  ideaof  future  attacks. 
-—It  is  this  wretched  condudt  of  the 
Englifh,  in  the  condu6^ing  treaties 
which  wi!l,  if  any  thing  of  this  matter 
can,  prove  the  ruin  of  that  nation. 
When  they  are  political  enough  to 
leave  the  making  a  peace  to  the  feme 
miniftry  that  have  carried  on  a  victo- 
rious war— -they  will  fee  this  truth  \ 
but  the  factions  of  their  court  will 
never  let  the  fuppofitlon  be  realized. 

The  miniftry  in  France  is  at  prefent 
bnt  very  indifferently  fixed.  The 
death  of  Madame  la  Pompadour,  left 
the  whole  court  fplit  in  fa6lious  par- 
ties }  and  the  prefent  countenance  of 
affairs  looks  much  like  a  continuation 
of  female  influence.  There  is  no  mi- 
nifler  of  tried  and  known  abilities-.^ 
Done  who  owes  his  advancement  to 
any  thing,  but  intrigues  of  no  bright 
arpe6(.  While  this  is  the  cafe  there 
moft  be  a  melancholy  inflabilicy  of 
councils,  which  will  in  any  fyftem  of 
roeafores,  that  may  be  puiTuccf,  occa- 
fion  a  weakj  lafiguid,  and  miftaken 
ad'minidration  :  but  the  leail  ch:inge 
•f  men  tor  the  beuer,  will  immediate- 


App. 

ly  be  attended  with  a  change,  perhapt 
of  miafuriSf  but  moft  certainly  of  exe* 
cutive  managiment. 

It  is  however  extremely  probable 
that  the  French  miniftry,  of  whomfo- 
evcr  it  may  coufift,  and  whatever  ge- 
neral plan  of  European  politicks  may 
be  embraced,  will  continue  to  cherl(n 
the  arts  of  peace ;  and  aflTift,  as  far  as 
they  are  able,  the  people,  in  recroit- 
ing  the  loflcs  of  the  war.  They  will 
probably  aim  at  effeding  this  by  en- 
couraging agriculture,  commerce  and 
manufa^ures)  ort  in  other  words, 
they  will  let  the  kingdom  remain 
quiet  for  fome  time,  and  repair  its 
own  misfortunes  ;  fome  advantageous 
laws  may  be  made  for  promoting  this 
matter,  in  proportion  to  the  abilities 
of  the  minifters. 

It  is  however  highly  improbable 
that  they  will  long  maintain  the  pre- 
fent peace.  France  is  a  country  of 
great  extent;  admirably  compad^,  and 
has  naturally  great  refources — thefe 
circumftances,  with  the  addition  of 
her  foreign  commerce,  will  preTentty 
enable  her  a^ain,  to  carry  that  coon- 
tenance,  which  will  again  deceive  her 
government.  She  will  be  recruited  ia 
appearance,  much  fopner  than  in  rea- 
lity j  and  this  difierence  will  be  the 
caufe  of  another  war,  kindling  Eu- 
rope again  into  flamey.  A  tery  few 
years  will  fee  the  face  of  ailairs  i^reatly 
changed  in  France,  from  what  it  was 
at  the  laft  peace  :  Her  commerce  will 
prefently  flonriih— ^herfeamen  greatly 
mcreafe,  and  a  vaft  navy  be  built— it 
will  not  follow  from  hence,  that  (he 
will  then  be  powerful  enough  again  to 
encounter  the  Englifti  \  but  her  mini- 
fters, and  the  people  poflibly  them* 
felves,  may  think  fo — a  new  war  will 
foon  be  the  confequence — and  (he  will 
again  probably  be  reduced  to  the  lame 
fituation  as  before. 

I  am  far  from  being  clear  that  it  is 
not  the  fyftem  of  France,  alwavs  to 
engage  in  a  war  with  England,  the 
moment  flie  thinks  herfelf  able  %  and 
this,  let  the  profped  of  fuccefs  be  what 
it  may.  The  aim  of  this  condu^  evi- 
dently is,to  ruin  her  enemy  by  the  mere 
weight  of  fcxpence.  The  French  roini- 
ftrj  do  not  fo  much  conflder  what  they 
gam  or  lofe,  as  the  number  of  milli- 
bns  added  to  the  national  debt  of  Eng. 
land.  £)ncreare  but  that  to  a  degree 
to  hurt  pubiick  credit,  and  they  will 

think 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768. 


OnjeBures  on  a  future  War. 


^75 


hink  their  bufinefs  done.  Without 
his  credit  England  cannot  comnuind 
'9lI\.  fupplies}  a  national  debt  certainly 
vijyencreafe  to  the  ruin  of  a  country. 

The  French  miniftry  will  proba- 
»ly»  on  this  plan  r<new  the  war  as 
bon  as  they  falfely  fuppofe  the  king- 
lom  recruited  i  They  will  add  fifty  or 
ixty-millions  to  the  debt  of  England: 
rhey  will  themfelves  be  exhaufted. 
\  peace  recruits  them — another 
IV ar  adds  fifty  or  fixty  more  :  The  mi- 
ery  of  France,  in  the  mean  time^  is 
ittlc  coniidered  :  every  obie6t  is  in- 
rluded  in  the  ruin  of  England :  The 
>ower  of  France  is  confidered,  not  at 
vhat  it  is  in  reality,  but  at  what  it  is 
>n  coroparifon  of  her  grand  enemy, 
^low  the  government  of  France  is  a 
-efource  ^reat  and  endlefs,  on  com- 
>ariron  with  the  ftate  of  her  neigh- 
)our— and  however  the  kingdom 
nay  be  reduced,  a  few  years  peace 
/vill  sive.her  a  flourifhtni?  appearana  | 
md  if  (he  ihould  again  ftart  with  her 
meinyy  juft  involved  in  bankruptcy, 
he  confequences  would  probably  be 
nore  in  her  favour  than  are  at  firft  ap- 
parent. 

But  allfuch  management,  however 
politically  it  might  tend  to  ruin  Eng- 
and,  muft  neceiTarily  ruin  France 
ikewife :  It  is  true  (he  would  no  longer 
lave  that  formidable  credit  to  fight 
igainfl,  but  then  (he  herfelf  would  no 
onger  bear  the  weight  (he  does  at  pre- 
«nt,on  comparifon  with  herff/^rrneigh- 
>our8:  Apoxntofnofinallconfequence. 

The  changes  of  the  European  fyftem 
ire  fo  various  and  ^reat,  that  the 
power  of  ftates  and  pnncet,  not  heard 
>f  within  a  few  centuries,  break  forth 
formidable  to  their  neighbours}  iniro«» 
nuch  that  no  potentate  can  b^  in  the 
eaft  fecure  in  ggnerai,  becaufe  intirely 
b  tM  particular  to  one  enemy.  Thus 
France  might  demolifli  England  "by 
putting  her  to  immenfe  expenccs ;  but 
;o  effect  it  (he  muft  weaken  herfelf  to 
^ucb  a  degree,  that  a  powerful  neifi;h- 
dour  would  be  enabled  to  diOnember 
provinces  from  her. 

Thtfe  reflefliont  may  be  confidered 
IS  wild  and  improbable  ;  but  it  (bould 
3e  coiifidered  that  whatever  might  be 
he  motive  which  occafioned  the  re- 
pe6live  wars,  yet  they  have  all  tended 
:o  one  point  fince  the  reign  of  King 
IVilliam,  that  of  running  England  im- 
jf^e^fely  in  debt.  TUpfie  debts  of  the 
.5 


Englifh  form  a  very  remarkable  figure 
in  the  politicks  of  the  modern  world  { 
and  it  mull  be  confeffed,  no  one  can 
fay,  with  any  certainty,  how  far  tho 
funding  fcheme  may  be  carried  by  a 
nation  whofe  agriculture  and  com* 
merce  are  fo  amazingly  fupported.  It 
muft  likewiie  be  allowed  that  France 
might  po(nbly  be  utterly  undone  before 
(he  could  break  the  enchantment  of 
Enelifh  credit— -but  this  fuppoiitioa 
is  formed  on  another,  viz.  that  Eng- 
land Eave  up  continental  expences, 
and  (pent  her  publick  money  only 
amongft  her  own  fubjedlss  whica 
however  will  fcarcely  be  the  cafe. 

What  the  fate  of  France  might 
prove»  if  the  afi^irs  of  the  grand  ene- 
my were  condu6led  in  a  tr^ie  political 
manner,,  and  the  tide  of  her  wealth 
rolled  into  that  vail  fphere  of  dominion» 
her  navy  J  it  is  impoffible  hardly  to 
conjedlure.  I  have  (ketched  the  fu- 
ture politicks  of  both  nations,  on  the 
fuppofition  of  their  both  continuing 
to  a6l  a  falfe  part ;  France  in  going  to 
war  at  all,  and  England  when  engaged* 
in  makios;  peace  to  foon.  Let  us  now 
imagine  the  condud  of  the  latter  king* 
dom  to  change.  Such  difquifitions  are 
very  far  from  being  of  no  ufe ;  they 
throw  into  a  variety  of  lights,  the  con- 
fequences of  publick  meafures,  an4 
by  dating  the  comparative  power  of 
kingdoms,  difplay  in  no  uncertain 
fcale  what  each  may  have  reafon  to 
hope  or  fear. 

In  the  next  war,  thcfe  two  king- 
doms  will,  it  may  be  fuppofed,  a6l  the 
chief  part. .  Confidering  the  prefent 
(ituation  of  affairs  in  Europe,  it  is  na- 
tural to  conje6lure  that  France  will 
have  the  alliance  of  the  Bourbon  fa- 
mily in  her  favour,  but  that  England 
will  notwithftanding  prove  too  (trone 
for  all  her  enemies  :  Her  fuccefs  will 
be  trifling  at  the  beginning,  the  na- 
ture of  her  conditution  preventing 
thofe  previous  meafures  which  are  at- 
tended with  brilliancy  sit  the  ^try 
opening  of  a  wart  Herexpences  will 
be  very  great  before  any  acquifition  of 
importance  graces  her  arms :  But 
when  once  f^xt  is  tnoroughly  roufed  — 
and  the  activity  of  her  motions  in  fall 
play,  there  can  fcarce  be  any  doubt 
(provided  her  miniftry  is  capable,  and 
firmly  fixed  >n  their  power)  but  (he 
will  command  prodigious  fuccefs.  Let 
ut  imagine  her  a^ing  on  a  truly  na- 
tional 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


676 


Matrimonial  State  in  Raflla 


tional  plan— re}e6lin^  all  conUnen- 
tal  expences,  aod  exerting  all  the  ef- 
forts of  ber  povrer  on  maritime  expe* 
ditions.  Thefe  are  of  no  fmall  extent, 
for  her  navy  would  find  full  employ- 
meat  for  an  hundred. thoufand  land 
forces.  If  her  vaft  power  was  all 
thrown  into  fuch  a  channel,  (be  would 
in  every  part  of  the  world  prove  in- 
vincible t  The  ftrongeft  as  well  as  the 
noft  diftant  colonies,  of  her  enemies 
would  be  conquered— their  own 
coaftt  menaced  and  burnt— -their 
trade/ commerce,  and  (hipping,  ut- 
Urly  ruined.  Thefe  are  fafts  which 
we  bavi  feen,  while  millions  were  la- 
▼i(bed  in  Gem«ny  :  Let  us  only  fup- 
pofe  the  (ame  fccne  once  more  before 
our  eyes  \  with  this  addition— That 
ftie  was  political  enou|;h  to  continue 
th«  war  until  her  enemies  were  reduc- 
ed to  fuch  a  ftate  as  (he  would  have 
nothing  to  fear  from  them }  or  in  other 
words,  to  fuch  a  ftate  as  (he  reduced 
them  in  the  laft  war,  *wiibout  liftening 
to  any  terms  of  peace.  Let  her  then 
carry  on  the  war  on  a  more  contracted 
plan,  und  at  a  lighter  expence,  to  feel  > 
the  bene/it  of  that  all  comprehenfive 
tr^de  which  fuch  a  war  always  yields 
Iter.  Her  enemies  reduced  to  fo  low  a 
ftate — the  little  lemains  of  their  trade 

daily    dcftroycd the  wretchednefs 

of  their  fituation  every  hour  encrea- 

ftng would  accept,  in  a  few  unex- 

penfive  years,  her  own-  terms.  She 
would  then  retain  a>l  thofe  acquifitions 
which  were  of  conitderable  benefit  to 
her  trade  j  rcftoring  ihe  reft,  and  giv- 
ing peace  to  her  enemies.— In  this 
manner  would  die  amply  repay  herfelf 
for  the  expences  of  war »  Thofe  who 
know  not  the  confequences  of  trading 
acquifitions,  know  not  how  .foon  the 
intereft  of  fifty  or  Cxty  millions  might 
be  paid  by  the  produce  of  a  (ingle  fo- 
gar  i (land— of  an  African  port— —of 

an    Eaft    Indian   fetllement. The 

ifland  of  Guadaloupe,  in  the  Weft  In- 
dies, is  to  any  nation  worth  fixty  mil- 
lions fterling* 

Were  fuch  fuppofitions  as  thefe  once 
realized;  (and  as  to  the  conquering 
part,  how  lately  have  we  feen  them 
realized!)  France  would  be  funk  to 
that  (late  of  infignificance  which  her 
lifter  Spain  has  fo  Ions;  occupied.  For 
it  is  trade  alone  which  gives  the 
French  nation  the  appeaiance  of  for- 
nridable  power.^' 


App. 

On  the  Matrimoniml  State  ammt^fi  tht 
Rufllans.  Frm»Dr.  SmolJet*s  Pre. 
fent  Sute  of  all  Nations* 

THE  Rvflian  women  are  remark- 
ably  fair,  ftrong,  and  w^^ftiap- 
ed,  obedient  to  their  lordly  hulbandt, 
and  patient  under  dilciplioe  $  they  are 
even  (aid  to  be  fond  of  correaioo, 
which  they  con(ider  at  an  infallible  re- 
mark of  their  hu(bands  conjugal  af« 
fe6^ion  j  and  they  pout  and  pioe  if  it 
be  withheld,  as  if  they  thoaght  them- 
felves  treated  with  contempt  and  did 
regard.  Of  this  negltft,  however, 
they  have  very  .little  caufe  to  com- 
plain ;  the  Ruffian  hufband  is  (b  very 
Weil  diCpofed,  by  nature  and  inebria- 
tion, to  exert  his  arbitrarf  power. 
Some  writers  ob(erve,  that»  on  the 
wedding  day,  the  bride  prdents  the 
bridegroom  with  a  whip  of  her  own 
making,  in  token  of  fubmiffioAj 
and  this  he  fails  not  to  employ 
as  the  inftrument  of  his  authority. 
Very  little  ceiem'onv  is  here  u(ed 
Sn  match-making,  which  Is  the  work 
of  the  parents.  Perhaps  the  bride- 
groom never  (ees  the  woman,  un- 
til he  is  joined  to  her  for  life.  The 
inarriage  being  profjofed,  and  agreed 
to,  the  lady  is  examined,  (bark  naked, 
by  a  certain  number  of  her  female  re- 
lations, and  if  they  find  any  bodily  de- 
fe£V,  they  endeavour  to  cure  it  by  their 
own  (kill  and  experience.  This  is  a 
very  wife  and  laudable  cuftom,  which 
if  it  prevailed  in  other  parts  of  Europe, 
would  prevent  many  unhappy  mar- 
riages. The  bride,  on  her  wedding 
day,  is  crowned  with  a  garland  ot 
wormwood,  implying  the  bittemefii 
that  often  attends  the  married  ftate  4 
When  the  prieft  has  tied  the  nuptial 
knot  at  the  altar,  his  clerk  or  (extoo 
throws  upon  her  head  an  handful  of 
hops,  wifhing  that  (he  may  prove  as 
fruitful  as  the  plant  thus  fcattered. 
She  is  mufRed  up,  and  led  home  by  a 
certain  number  of  old  women,'  the  pa- 
ri(h-prieft  carrying  the  crofs^beforej 
while  one  of  his  fubalterns,  in  a  rough 
goat-(kin,  prays  all  the  way,  that  &e 
may  l^ear  as  many  children  as  there  are 
hairs  on  his  garment.  The  new- mar- 
ried couple,  being  (eated  at  table,  are 
prefen  ted  with  bread  and  (alt :  and  a  cho- 
rus of  boys  and  girls  (ing  the  cpitbala- 
mium,  which  is  always  grofly  obfcene. 
This  ceremony  being  performed,  the 

^kride 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.  CrtteUy  of  the  Ruffian  Hujbands. 


6jr 


bricle  and  bridegit»om  are  condu£led 
to  their  own  chamber  by  an  old  wo- 
-man,  who  exhorts  the  wife  to  obey 
her  huiband,  and  retires.  Then  the 
brideerooro  de{tres  the  lady  to  pull  off 
one  of  his  buikins,  givii^  her  to  un- 
derftand,  that  in  one  of  them  it  con- 
taineda  whip,  and  in  the  other  a  jewel, 
or  a  purfe  pf  money.  She  takes  her 
choice  $  and  if  (he  finds  the  purfe,  in- 
terprets it  into  a  good  omen  \  whereat 
ihould  (he  light  on  the  whip,  (he  con- 
ftrues  it  into  an  unhappy  prefage,  and 
inftantly  receives  a  lain,  as  a  fpecimen 
of  what  (he  has  to  exped.  After  they 
have  remained  two  hours  together, 
they  are  interrupted  by  a  deputation 
of  old  women,  who  come  to  fearch  for 
the  iigns  of  her  virginity :  If  thefe  are 
apparent,  the  young  lady  tics  up  her 
hair,  which,  before  confumnation, 
bung  loofe  over  her  (houlders}  and 
viiits  her  mother,  of  whom  (he  de- 
mands the  marriage  portion.  It  is  ge- 
nerally agreed  that  the  Mufcovite  huf- 
bands  are  barbarous,  even  to  a  pro- 
verb :  They  not  only  adminifter  fre- 
quent and  fevere  corre^ion  to  their 
wives,  but  fometimes  even  torture 
them  to  death,  without  being  fubjeft 
to  any  punishment  for  the  murder. 
If  a  woman  dies,  in  confei^uence  of 
the  corredkion  (he  has  received  from 
her  hufband,  the  law  of  J^uilia  inter- 
prets it  not  an  offence,  but  an  accident. 
^  tradefman  of  Mokovi  has  been 
known  to  burn  his  wife  to  death,  by 
fettinff  fire  to  a  fmock  which  had  been 
foaked  in  fpirits  of  wine  \  and  no  cog- 
nizance was  taken  of  the  murder.  A 
man  fometimes  ties  up  hii  wife  to  a 
beam  by  the  hair  of  her  head,  and 
fcouj-ges  her  to  death  :  But  fuch  pu- 
niihments  have  been  referved  for  thofe 
who  were  guilty  of  adultery  or  drun- 
kennefs,  leldom  inflifted,  and  now 
wholely  laid  afide.  Indeed  precau- 
tions are  commonly  taken  af^aind  fuch 
barbarous  pra6tices  by  the  marriage- 
articles,  .  in  which  the  bridegroom  o- 
bliges  himfelf,  under  certain  penalties^ 
to  treat  his  wife  according  to  her  qua- 
lity, fupply  her  with  good  and  whole- 
fome  provifibn,  and  to  refrain  from 
inanual  chaftifement,  either  by  whip- 

{ing,  boxing,  kicking,  or  fcratching. 
f  a  woman,  provoked  by  hard  ufage, 
takes  away  the  life  of  her  hufband,  a 
•Aft  that  ibmetimet  happens^  flie  it 


fixed  alive  in  the  earth,  tip  to  her  neck, 
and  in  this  po(ture  fuftered  to  die  of 
hunger:  A  puniihment  incredibly 
(hodking,  under  which  fome  of  thofe 
wretched  objects  laneuiih  for  feveral 
days  in  the  moft  dreadfid  mifery. 

^  The  common  law  of  Mufcovy  for- 
bids the  conjugal  commerce  on  Mon- 
days, Wedneidays,  and  Fridays  $  and 
whoever  tnmfgrefles  this  law,  muik 
bathe  him(elf  before  he  enters  the 
church  porch.  He  that  nurries  a  le- 
cond  wife,  the  firft  being  alive,  is  not 
admitted  farther  than  the  churcti 
door  \  and  if  an)r  man  efpoufes  a  third, 
he  is  excommunicated ;  fo  that,  though 
bigamy  is  toleratexl,  they  neverthele& 
count  it  infamous.  When  the  Czar, 
or  Emperor,  has  an  inclination  for  a 
wife,  the  moft  beautiful  maidens  of 
the  empire  are  prefented  to  him  for 
his  choice. 

Notwithfbnding^  the  arbitrary  power 
and  brutal  difpofition  of  the  Musco- 
vite hufbands,  the  women  are  faid  to 
be  very  free  of  their  favours,  and 
even  to  tranfgrefs  the  bounds  of  con- 
jugal fidelitv»  in  order  to  incur  the  re- 
fentment  ot  their  hufbands,  when  the 
whip  is  too  fparingly  adminiftered. 
This  difcipline  took  its  origin  many 
centuries  ac^o,  among  the  Scythian 
Sarmates,  the  anceHort  of  the  Muf- 
Covites.  Thefe  people,  going  in  qucil 
of  a  better  fettlement,  left  their  wives 
under  the  care  of  their  (laves,  and 
made  an  irruption  into  Greece,  part 
of  which  they*  fubdued.  Thefe  con- 
quers, however,  detain'ed  them  fobng, 
that  the  women,  defpairing  of  their 
return,  married  the  (laves,  who  were 
ftrong  enough  to  make  head  againft 
their  mafters,  when  at  length  they  re* 
turned  from  Greece.  Both  (ides  were 
already  drawn  up  in  order  of  battle, 
when  one  of  the^  Sarmatians,  addref- 
fing  himfelf  to  his  fellows,  obferved, 
that  they  (hould  debafe  themfelves  by 
uiing  the  fword  and  fpear  againft 
(laves,  whom  they  had  formerly  over- 
awed with  the  found  of  a  whip  :  He 
therefore  propofed,  that  every  man 
(hould  arm  himfelf  with  this  weapon 
only:  The  advice  was  immediately 
punued,  and  they  attacked  the  enemy 
with  fcourges.  The  (laves  had  been  , 
fo  accuftomed  to  dread  this  infh-ument, 
they  were  inftantly  feizcd  with  a  panic, 
ai^d  fled  with  the  utmoft  precipitation. 

The 


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Matbemattcar  boimtsn^  czc< 


678 

The  prifonen  were  puniflied  with  death, 
and  great  part  or  the  women  made 
away  with  themfeWes :  The  reft  Tub- 
mitted  to  fla^Uation,  which  wat  fe- 
verely  exerciled.  In  memory  of  this 
event  and  at  a  warning  to  Mufcovite 


App. 

wives,  the  whip  or  fcoorge  is  the  fiWE 
wedding  prefent,  and  hung  tip  in  the 
moft  confpicuous  part  of  the  boufi*, 
that,  by  prefenting  itfelf  cootinualt/ 
to  the  good  woman's  eyes,  it  raajr 
never  flip  from  her  remembrance. 


r9    tbi    AUTHOR    of  tbi  LONDON   MAGAZINE. 
S  I  R, 

AMONG  the  nnmeroas  computationiy  of  the  eclipfes,  for  this  year,  al- 
ready  publifhed,   having  not  feen  any  made  from  Claicaut's  tatblea,  has 
todttced  me  to  fend  you  the  following  coropuutions  of  the  next  Innar  edipie. 

Yours  Tho.  SAMDEasov. 

H.  M*    S. 


p.  M. 
Apparent  time  at 
London  bv  Clai-' 
rant*s  tables 


lyiZ  Beginning  of  the  eclipfe  Dec    13 
Beginning  of  total  darknefs 
Ecliptic  con|undion 
Middle  of  the  eclipfe 
Endoftbtaldarkneft 
End  of  the  eclipfe 
Duration  of  toul  darknefs 
Duration  of  the  edipfe 
Digits  eclipfed 


ao 

>9 

5 

6 

54 

5* 

t5 

3» 

ao 

•   17 

Am  AMfvcer  to  ^lufi.  L  in  Magaxmefor  Oftober /ff/f,  /.  510. 

LET  the  parabolic  curve  AFB  reprefent 
the  track  of  the  ball,  put  A£  =:  1640  yards 
1  =  tf »  /  =:  the  fine  of  the  angle  CAB,  ami  m 
the  cofine,  *  =  EF  z=  90  yards,  and  j  =  AB 
the  horizon tal  range,  at  the  eiveh  elevation 
37*  4o''l    ^hen  by  trigonometry  c  i  a  \\  1 1 

—  s  EDy  ahd  by  (imilar  triangles  a  i  —  \\y  1 

SI  ' 

•^  =rBC,  alfo  by  Simp.  Exercifes  cor.  L  p.  itS. 

(BC  X  DP  =  DEO  =  ^i21Z±2  =  ffi'.and 

aass  ,^^       .       ^^  <\ 

y  = —   n  *76»  yards  nearly  \   whence  -  ■- 

by  trigonometry,  and  the  nature  of  projediles,  the  greateft  horizontal  range 
at  an  elevation  of  45**  is  readily  found  =  1855  yanls,  nearly,  halfwhicb,  or 
2427,5  yards  :r  the  impetus  required. 

If  the  propofer  means,  that  the  redangle  of  the  longitude  of  the  true  con* 
jun6lion,  and  interval  of  time,  from  fome  given  time  given  longitude,  and 
time  is  =  to  8  h.  17  m.  then  the  following  is  anfwer  to  the  iecood  queftion  ; 
Put  tf  =  the  hourly  motion  of  the  moon  from  the  fun  in  feconds,  ^  =  the  fecondt 
ill  one  hour,  c  =:  the  feconds  in  8  h.   17  m.  and  /  =  the  interval  required  \ 

then  h  \a\\t  I  -r-i=  the  motion  of  the  moonfrom  the  fun  in  the  time  /»   and 

-J-  =  r;  whence^  =:     X^»  which  added  to  a  given  time  will  givt  the 

V^     tf        ta 
time   of  true  conjunAion }   and  -j-  added  to  a  correfponding  longitude  will 

give  the  longitude  of  the  true  c6njun£lion.    I  have  given  no  numerical  valBca 
.  as  I  am  not  certain  I  have  hit  the  propofer^s  meaning. 

Harborough,  Nov.  18,  1768.  Tho.  SAHDBatON. 

[Mr.  Henry  Llovd,  of  the  £xci(b>Ofiice>  Hay,  Brecon,  anfwered  Mr.  Baxter^s 
queftion,  p.  352,  iomewhat  differently  from  the  folution,  p.  486  \  as  did  Matter 
W.Surtees,  pupil  to  Mr.  Eadon,  at  the  free  writing  fchool  at  $he%ld«] 

4  mem 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


iy68.  Hindrance  OF  Pot>uLAT!ow.' 

A  mam  Hindrance  of  Population, 


679 


Leigh,  July  11,   1768. 

MISERABLE  women,  as  phyfi- 
cians  have  remarked,  have  al- 
moll  all  difeafes  in  common  with' the 
men,  and  100  others  beiides,  from  the 
(late  of  virginity  ;  going  with  child  j 
c'uldbedj  births,  and  giving  fuck,  &c. 
of  which  barrennefs  is  none  of  the  Jcaft  : 
And  my  third  preventative  caufc  of  po- 
pulation. 

To  difcover  then  a  cure  for  barren- 
nefs would  be  a  moft  acceptable  blefling 
to  many  a  married  pair,  not  only  for  the 
fake  of  future  heirs,  but  for  the  prefent 
plcafure,  and  comfort  of  pretty  iflue, 
thofe  cements  of  love,  and  the  mutual 
delights  proceeding  from  the  little  inno- 
cents to  both  fond  parents,  the  common 
fruit  of  whofe  joint  endeavours  they  na- 
turally are. 

As  to  the  males,  the  caufe  is  feldom  on 
tmr  fide,  wherefore  I  (hall  confine  my 
advice  to  the  fair  fex  only,  and  endeavour 
to  relieve  them  of  thofe  fcveral  obrtacles 
to  propagation,  they  are  -naturally  fo 
fubjeft  to,  and  by  God's  blefiing,  render 
them  joyful  mothers  of  children. 

It  is  not  fo  much  from  any  infuperable 
defeft  in  our  art,  but  from  an  ill  timed 
inodefty  that  there  are  fo  many  barren 
women  amongd  u?,  many  of  whom 
might  be  eafily  put  into  a  fafe,  and  re- 
gular way  of  breeding,  would  th^y 
but  fubmit  to  confult  their  phyficiart  in 
fuch  fecret,  and  fcrious  cafes,  as  they  do 
in  many  othcis,  and  which  might  be  de- 
cently done  too,  with  the  ftri6left  mo- 
defty,  the  moft  delicate  lady  could  de- 
fire :  nay  if  they  would  only  condefcend 
to  write  to  me,  without  either  name 
or  place,  I  would  foon  rcfolve  them  only 
by  a  queftion  or  two,  whether  there  be 
any  hopes  of  curing  them  of  this  me- 
lancholy calamity.  Two  young  fadies, 
iiftcrs,  and  .both  married  to  able  men, 
for  whom  I  have  great  refpe^,  labou:ing 
under  this  fad  cafe  of  fterility,  vifiting 
rne  laft  week,  put  me  in  mind  to  write  on 
this  fubjeft.  The  knowledge  of  tlie 
caufc  of  a  difcafe,  is  reckoned  half  the 
cure,  and  if  I  can  but  find  out  the  firft, 
I  am  almoft  certain  I  can  efFe6t  the  laft. 
The  caufes  of  barrennefs  are.  fiiveral 
and  various  according  to  the  different 
feat  of  the  difcaie.  If  external,  and 
where  manual  operation  can  reach,  it  is 
&  cafe  of  furgery,  and  fo  can  be  foon, 
and  eafily  removed  ;  but  if  the  caufe 
Appendixj  1769. 


lies  higher,  it  falls  undef  the  ph)  fician's 
province  to  cure  :  but  let  the  caufc  lie 
where  it  will,  it  is  its  preventing  the  pro- 
creative  principk^s  coming  into  contact, 
that  occafions  barrennefs,  and  this  ob- 
ftruflion  lies  then;  either  in  the  uterus 
itfelf,  or  its  appendages,  to  remove 
which  is  the  only  intention  of  cure  ;  and 
may  oft  timtrs  be  happily  effected,  pro- 
vided the  perfon  labouring  under  thefe 
impediments  would  confult  a  fenfible 
phyfician,  who  is  niafter  of  the  anatomy 
of  thofe  parts. 

If  barrennefs  proceed  from  too  many 
menftrua,  bark,  aftringents,  and  cold 
bath,  will  be  the  bcft  remedy.  If  from 
too  few,  a  fpoonftil  or  two  of  lindura 
facra,  each  night  at  bed  time,  or  two  or 
three  times  a  week,  for  a  long  time, 
will  open  thofe  ohftruflions.  If  from 
a  fluor  albus,  a  grain  of  powder  of  ipe- 
cacuanha every  night  at  bed  time,  and  a 
new  laid  egg  fucked  in  the  morninsr» 
with  the  cold  baih,  will  do  wonders.  If 
from  ftronger  obftruftions  ftill,  quick- 
filver  will  fafely  and  effe6luaLly  break 
open  the  hidden  pafiagesj  of  all  prepara- 
tions of  which  there  are  none  better, 
and  neater,  than  white  asthiops,  or 
aJlhiops  allteliiated,  made  only  by  rub- 
bing of  quicklilvcr  one  part,  ^»•ilh  crabs 
eyes  two  parts,  till  no  globules  thereof 
can  be  Utn  ;  or  with  fine  fu^ar.  A 
fcruple  more  or  lefs,  once  a  day,  for  a 
long  time,  (forbearing  a  week  or  ^wo 
now  and  then  between  whites)  in  any  fit 
vehicle,  will  open  all  glanilular,  and 
vafcular  obltiu5tions. 

Somr^nmes  b.irrennefs  pioceed?  only 
from  the  os  tincae  bemg  glue.l  np  with 
vifcid  matter,  which  prevent:^  the  frre 
paflage  of  the  femtn  mafculirum,  with- 
out the  entrance  of  which  there  can  be 
no  impregnation.  At  other  time,  iho* 
the  OS  uteri  admits  the  femvn,  yet  if  the 
fallopian  lubes  be  obftru^ted,  the  effect 
w<ll  be  the  fame.  Thi>  was  tlie  ex Taor- 
dinary  cafe  of  a  lady  in  Scotland  who 
had  been  married  to  fcveral  hafbands,  al- 
ways without  ilTue,  mentioi.cd  by  D\\ 
Dickfon  of  Edinburgh,  who  fotmd  a  to- 
tal obftra^lion  of  thofe  tubrsj  and  adds, 
that  fometimes  they  have  b^en  obferved 
to  W  altogether  v»anting  In  which 
cafe  fterility  muft  needs  be  uncur.blc, 
but  that  happens  very  rarely  indcetf. 

In  fuch  cafes,  ahd  the  like,    receiving 
refolvcnt,  aperient,  fumfs,  and  vapouis, 
upthrou^h  a  funnel,  or  machine  inward- 
ly, with  friiSlionsoutwardly,  and  mercurial 
4  R  purgesi 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f)8o 


BARRENNESS  CURED. 


purge?,  detergent  falts,  warm  bath?, 
and  laftly  a  gentle  fpitting,  with  the 
fiudy  of  my  book  on  generattoH  would 
not  fail  oft  times  to  give  relief,  by  open- 
ing a  free  palTage  for  the  impregnation 
of  the  ova,  the  firft  and  i.eceiTajy  ftep 
toward  conception.  This  method  if  for 
tliofe  that  cannot  conceive. 

But  then  again  there  are  others  who 
do  conceive  well  enough,  but  can  never 
keep  what  they  have  got,  but  roifcarry 
always  before  their  full  time.  Thefe 
aie  eafier  to  be  relieved  than  the  oiber, 
and  need  only  ftrengtheners  to  enable  the 
matrix  to  retain  what  it  has  hold  of,  till 
it  arrives  to  maturity  :  but  thefe  are  but 
bare  hints,  and  touches  upon  the  (uhjeft, 
according  to  the  limiis  of  a  Magazine. 

Whoever  would  be  fully  fatisfied 
herein,  may,  by  applying  to  me  by  letter 
be  modcftly  put  into  a  fair  way  of  po- 
pulation, and  that  too  without  any  per- 
fonal  acquaintance.  To  encourage  the 
good  women,  that  would  if  they  could, 
among  many  other  inftances,  I  will  men* 
lion  only  thefe  three,  where  I  fucceeded 
far  beyond  expectation,  whence  they 
may  hope  for  the  like  good  luck,  alfo. 

A  young  woman  alter  feveral  years 
marriage  without  iflue  applied  to  me  be- 
wailing the  great  misfortune  of  her  bar- 
rennefs.  After  a  month  or  two,  taking 
aperients,  tinClum  facra,  and  other  de- 
obftrucnt  medicines,  flic  conceived,  and 
bore  three  fons  fuccelTivcly,  who  grew 
to  men.  Tne  fccond  applied  for  the  like 
misfortune,  under  the  blelfing  of  God  I 
procured  her  a  fon.  They  are  both  (lill 
alive,  and  he  boin  to  good  fortune,  but 
bring  content  with  one  child  only,  (he 
applied  no  more.  A  proof  of  the  cafe  is, 
ihe  never  had  a  child  before  him,  nor 
.  yet  one  after  him.  The  third  woman 
conceived,  but  could  neVer  retain,  but 
about  the  third  month  always  mifcarj  ied. 
She  was  ordered  bleeding  i  I  forbid  it, 
as  caufmg  a  greater  relaxation  of  the 
uterus,  and  abatement  of  the  vis  viiae, 
and  cured  her  only  with  bark,  and  eliiir 
•f  vitriol,  taken  a  little  before  the  ufual 
time,  and  continued  a  month  after,  by 
which  meant  I  ftrengthened  the  con- 
nexion, that  by  getting  over  that  criti- 
cal feafon,  /lie  went  her  full  time.  tBut 
being  content  with  one  daughter  too, 
fhe  likewife  had  no  more  children  either 
before  or  after.  She  was  born  to  good 
fortune  alfo,  and  they  two  bad  nearly 
wiatche(^  together,  which  I  wi/h  they  had^ 
f«9  them'  I  had  bad  >  ptogery  on  b;>tb 


App. 


fidet  of  my  own  procuring.  Thcj  wcra 
both  married  into  other  families,  and 
both  have  ifTue,  and  enjoy  the  agreeable 
fruits  of  their  and  my  labour. 

Yours  John  Cook. 

To  tbs  AUTHOR   of  tbg  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

THOSE  troublefonre  animalcuk 
calfed  by  us,  Buggr«^  and  by 
Ethiopians  Chintfes,  have  the  exterod 
part  of  their  bodies  covered  with  a  pel- 
luci;^  variegated  (hell,  not  unlike  an 
amphibious  tortoife.  They  have  fix  feer 
with  a  very  fmall,  but  iharp  probofcis^ 
or  tube,  proceeding  out  of  their  aoie* 
with  which  they  wound  the  (kin,  and 
fuck  our  blood,  whence  arifes  the  moft 

I»ainful  fenfation,  and  inflimmatiou,  and 
aftly  an  intolerable  itching :  but  this 
wound  is  improperly  called  a  bite. 

This  naily,  ftinking  animal,  before 
the  fire  of  London  in  16669  probably 
was  not  an  inhabitant  of  thefe  fouthera 
parts  of  this  ifland  of  Britain ;  f or  ac 
that  time  in  fome  Jioufes  newlv  cre^ed 
they  £rft  appeared.  Hence  it  has  been 
conjefiured  that  they  were  imported  be- 
tween the  fir  timber  ;  but  others  cannot 
allow  this,  becaufe  feveral  fea  ports  have 
been  free  from  fuch  vermin,  although 
fome  fhips  from  Norway,  and  from  Lon- 
don, laden  with  fir  timber }  have  yearly 
been  difcharged  there. 

However  this  be,  John  Souihall,  a 
citizen  of  London,  wrote  a  (reatife  on 
thefe  odd  animals,  wherein  he  moft 
heartily  denounces  their  deflrufUon^ 
though  by  keeping  his  noftrum  a  feccret, 
he  took  the  wrong  way  to  efFe6l  it. 

He  fays,  he  has  a  liquor  wtiofe  com* 
pofition  he  learned  from  a  certain  negro^ 
with  which  ftygean  water  he  can  dtkmy 
thofe  Icathfome  vermin,  and  all  their  ova 
alfoj  he  calls  hU\\(i\ioT  Sonpareil^  but  like 
many  other  narrow  minded  men  had  not 
generefity  enough  by  difcovering  the  fe* 
cret  to  render  the  publick  prpof  of  the 
fame. 

To  do  which  is  my  principal  intent  in 
publifhing  thus  monthly  fo  many  various 
pieces  in  iix  feveral  Magazines,  that 
what  I  have  learned  from  others;  or 
from  my  own  experience,  may  conduce 
to  the  general  welfare  of  mankind^ 
which,  to  any  private  good,  ought  al- 
ways to  be  preferred. 

Wherefore,  for  a  remedy  againfl  tba 
^iaul  cvil|  a|  the  beft,  and  ntateft  me- 


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1768. 


Bugs   destroyedT 


681 


thod  of  deilroying  the  whole,  I  would 
recommend  either  of  the  following  pre- 
fcriptions  :  mix  a  pint  of  rectified  fpirits 
of  wine  with  a  quarter  of  a  pint  of  fpirits 
of  turpentine,  in  which  difToIvc  half  an 
ounce  of  camphor.  Pour  of  this  mix- 
ture all  oyer  the  bedftead,  and  into  the 
holes,  and  crevices  thereof,  and  by  a 
few  timet,  you  may  deftroy  their  very 
$^a,  and  fo  prevent  their  breed :  Be- 
ware of  a  ii);hted  candle,  otherways,  the 
mixture  will  do  no  harm,  oor  ftain  even 
fillc. 

Or,  as  a  cheaper,  and  as  effeflual  re- 
medy the  following  recipe  may  anfwer 
the  end  as  well.  Boil  two  ounces  of 
itaves  acre  in  two  quarts  of  water  about 
half  an  hour,  ftrain  off  the  liquor  ftrong- 
]y  as  Toon  as  cold,  and  ufe  it  as  the 
^bovefaid,  butfcaldinghot. 
Your's,  &c. 

J.  C601C. 

To  the  Author  of  an  Appeal,  (^^, 
SI  R, 

HAD  I  not  perceived  your  contra- 
diction, I  (hould,  indeed,  have 
been  unfortunate ;  but  I  cannot  believe 
you  when  you  tell  me  1  was  unfortu- 
nate in  having  charged  you  with  it.  I 
appeal  to  our  readers. 

You  haveaflferted  that  Mr.  T.  V*, 
notion  of  the  Trinity  is  peculiar  to  him  j 
you  have  moreover  alTerted  that  his  no- 
tion has  been  condemned  by  unitarian 
and  athanaiian  writers :  From  licnce  I 
inferred  that  according  to  you  this  no- 
tion was  condemned  before  it  exited, 
for  if  it  exifted,  if  it  was  entertained  by 
others  before  T.  I.  it  is  not  peculiar  to 
T.  I.  and  this  is  equally  true  whether 
it  was  entertained  by  ancients  or  mo- 
derns. That  identity  of  opinion  is  de- 
ftroyed,  or  any  way  affcfled  by  mere 
drftance  of  time,  it  a  notion  peculiar  to 
the  Author  of  an  Appeal^  ^c. 

I  alfo  undertook  to  (hew  that-this  no* 
tion  of  T.  I.  is  embraced  by  the  mo- 
derns; and  in  order  thereto  produced 
the  modem  Mr.  Jackfon  declaring  it  to 
have  been  the  opinion  of  all  the  antients 
that  original i  fupreme  underived goodnefs 
is  the  Father y  and,  that  nuifdom  is  the  Son, 
Now  unlefft  we  fuppofe  the  learned  and 
ingenious  Mr.  Jackfon  to  have  quoted 
againil  hisantagonift,  authorities  which 
in  his  own  opinion  had  no  weight,  we 
may  fafely  conclude  that  this  writer 
screes  witJ)  T.  I^  in  thinking  tha  t  infi- 


nity goo  Inefs,  wifdom,  and  power  are 
three  pcrfons  and  one  God.  Goodnefi 
is  a  perfan  becaufe  the  Father  it  a  perfon. 
It  follows  alfo  from  the  premifes,  that 
Mr.  Jackfon  doth  not  by  perfon  mean  an 
intelligent  apent,  for  goodnefs  is  not 
intelligent  without  wifdom,  nor  is  wif- 
dom an  agent  without  power. 

To  this  you  reply,  that  *'  as  I  have 
called  Mr.  Jackfon  an  arian,  all  I  have 
faid  of  his  fcntiments  relating  to  the  Tii- 
nity  is  nothing  to  the  purpofe,  it  being 
impoflible  that  he  (hould  embrace  the 
notion  I  afcribe  to  him  confiftenily  with 
his  arian  principles." 

Although  I  have  called  Mr.  Jackfon 
arian,  I  have  never  called  him  a  confif- 
tent  writer.  It  is  my  real  opinion  that 
this  ingenious  gentleman  was  not  aware 
that  this  concefTion  is  fubverfivc  of  the 
do6lrine  he  undertook^o  eftablifh.  No- 
thing is  more  common  than  for  weak 
advocates  to  grant  away  their  caufe. 

I  produced  Dr.  Cudworth,  another 
modern,  as  holding  the  fame  opinion 
with  T,  Ij  but  him,  it  feems,  you  ha>e 
not  an  opportunity  of  confulting. 

I  alfo  lefcrred  you  to  Bi(ht)p  Berke- 
ley's Siris,  where  it  appear?,  he  too  held 
the  fame  notion  of  the  Trinity. 

You  anfwer  that  **  it  may  Juftly  be 
queftionfd  whether  thil  bifhop  held  the 
fame  opinion  of  the  Trinity  that  I  do, 
becaufe,  fay  you,  we  do  not  exprefs  our 
fentiments  of  the  Trinity  in  the  fame 
terms." 

Youfeem  deftined  to  millake  and  mif- 
reprefent.  Surely,  if  we  here  exprelTcd 
our  fcntiments  in  fynonimous  terms  the 
queftion  ceafes.  That  we  have  expreiT- 
ed  our  fentiments  in  fynonimous  terms 
is  evident  from  lettJrr  310  of  Siris,  which 
begins  thuf :  The  forte  that  produces^ 
the  intelle^  that  or^hrs^  the  goodnefs  that 
perfe8s  all  things  is  tiy  Svpreme  Being. 
Ho^  force  and  intelle^  are  fynominom 
with  po^wer  and  luifdsm. ' "" 

Nor  is  your  miltak,'  ,  when  you 
tell  me  that  this  hijbo^  s  '/f*^thority  is 
brought  to  determine  your^ffent  to  mp 
hypothefs.  Nothing  can  b^ plainer  than 
tnis  bifliop  is  quoted  with  no  other  view 
than  to  prove  that  the  notion  which  you 
fay  is  peculiar  to  T.  I.  is  embraced  by 
moderns  as  well  as  antients.    , 

You  miftake  again  when  you  tell  me 

that  thi<  bifhop  denies,  in  oppofition  to 

the  evidence  of  fenfe,  the  reality  of  fen fi- 

ble   things,    he  only  tells  us  what,  in 

4  R  »  hit 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


682 


To  THE  Author  of 


A  pp. 


hit  opinion,  renfible  things  really  are. 
You  proceed  to  oblerve  that  *^wc 
may  learn  from  this  biOiop*s  cxanfiple, 
what  extravagant  notions  ingenious  men  , 
are  ca^vible  of  maintaining,  and  even 
fupporting  with  plaufible  colours.  But 
ifnvf  call  in  the  aj/tjiance  ofcomf/ton/enfe, 
a  principle  too  much  neglefted  by  phi- 
lofophers,  and  divines,  we  may  treat 
with  contempt  all  fuch  metaphyfical 
abfurdities,  though,  perhaps,  we  may 
not  he  always  able  lo  deie^  the  falla- 
cy.*' 

Certain  fc?  iblers  have  of  late  afFe6led 
to  cry  up  common fenfe  as  a  fur^j  guide  to 
truth  thin  reafon  and  intellect ;  induced, 
I  fuppofe,  thereto  by  a  motive  fimilar  to 
that  which  makes  negroes  paint  black 
the  angels  of  light :  Nor  am  I  furprifed 
to  find  an  arian  joining  fuch  a  crew  in 
attempting  to  dethrone  reafon.  What 
you  me  in  by  common  fenfe  appears  from 
what  you  have  faid  of  the  e*vidence  of 
fenfe,  but  what  your  friends  mean  is 
not  ^0  clear  ;  bit  whatever  common  fenfe 
he,  .ind  whailocver  honours  are  due  to  it, 
I  will  venture  to  affirm  that  Bi(hop 
Berkeley  £^w  more  truth  than  all  the 
arlans  that  ever  exifted. 

You  have  objefled  toJT.  I's.  notion  of 
the  Trinity,  **  that  \i  goodnefs,  wifdom, 
and  power  be  pcrfons,  God  is  not  three 
only  but  many  perfons.  God  is  merci- 
ful, j'jft,  omniprefent,   &c." 

1  here  anfwercd,  that  if,  by  mercy, 
and  juftice,  be  meant  any  thing  diftin^l 
from  infinite  goodnefs,  wifdom,  and 
power,  you  mean  mercy  and  juftice  ex- 
erted, but  thefe  could  not  be  exerted  be- 
fore the  exiftence  of  objefts  of  mercy, 
'and  juftice,  /.  (,  be{ore  tlii«  creation } 
but  it  will  not  follovir  from  hence  that  I 
deny  the  eternity  of  that  Being  who  afts 
mercifully  and  juftly  ;  Now  m  oider  to 
account  for  afls  of  mercy  and  juftice  I 
b-feech  you  to  tell, me  what  attributes 
arerequifite  befideinfir  ite goodnefs,  wif- 
dom, and  power.  What  you  fay  of 
Goi's  omnipiefence  is  mere  jargon. 

You  had  often  bo^fted  of  an  invincible 
amy  of  texts  by  you  brought  againft 
the  Tiinitarianj.,  njuhich,  .you  fay,  no 
man  has  yet  'ventured  to  oppofe  tu  the 
London  Magazir^e,  I  being  defirous  to 
know  what  thffe  texts  are  brought  to 
prove,  propofed  to  you  the  three  follow- 
ing queries,  i.  Are  they  brought  to 
prove  that  the  Godhead  doth  not  confift 
9f  iluee  diiUn6linulligent  agents?  x.  Or 


arc  they  brought  to  prove  that  the  wifdom 
of  God  is  not  eternal,  and  conftquentiy, 
that  God  was  not  always  wife  ?  3.  Or 
are  they  brought  to  prove  that  God  is 
wife  without  his  wifdom  ? 
^  You  anfwer,  **  that  the  firft  query  is 
effedually  anlwered  by  the  c«lk6tion  of 
texts  taken  notice  of  in  the  London 
Magazine  for  April,  vix.  that  the  one 
fupreme  God  is  the  Father  only,  and 
not  Father,  Son,  and  Holy  Ghoft,  ac- 
cording to  the  do6lrine  of  the  Athana- 
fian  creed ;  and  confequently,  the  god- 
head doth  notconfift  of  tliree  diftin^  in- 
telligent agents.  As  to  your  fccond  and 
third  queries  I  never  produced  texts  to 
prove  any  thing  fo  abfurd,  and  felf-con- 
tiadi6iory." 

I  anfwer,  if  you  have  proved  from 
fcripture  that  the  Father  is  the  one  fu* 
preme  God  without  Son  and  Holy  Ghoft, 
you  have  proved  fiom  fcripture  that  the 
one  fupreme  God  is  not  wife,  or  elfe  you 
have  from  fcripture  proved  that  God  is 
wife  with«.'Ut  that  wifdom  which  in  (crip- 
ture  is  called  the  wifdom  of  God.  Now 
fuppofingthat  you  juftly  conclude  from 
hence  that  the  Godhead  doth  not  conHft 
of  three  diftin^  intelligent  agents,  I  alk 
how  the  Triimarians  are  affe^ed  by  it, 
who  do  not  maintain  that  the  Godhead 
is  three  dlftin£l  intelligent  agents  ?  I  am 
fir,  your  moft  humble  fervant,  A.  B. 

I  forgot  to  take  notice  of  the  following 
paftage  in  its  proper  place.  You  tell 
me  **  that  when  I  talk  of  infinite  good- 
nefs being  a  perfon,  I  confound  all  pro- 
priety of  language  and  fentiment.'* 

I  am  furprifed  to  hear  a  learned  gen- 
tleman talk  at  this  rate  ;  can  any  thing 
be  more  common  than  to  fpeak  of  intel- 
lectual beings  in  terms  which  properly 
belong  to  fenfible  objefls  ?  You  are,  I 
find,  an  enemy  to  figurative  exprcition  : 
Efpecialiy  to  the  metaphor  and  profo- 
popeia.  I  take  tftis  opportunity  of  Ipeak- 
mg  to  another  paftage  in  your  laft, 
which  I  have  inadvertently  pafted  by.  . 
You  gentlemen  are  offended  at  being 
called  arians,  /'/  //,  it  feems,  a  term  of 
reproach^  and  therefore  you  defire  to  be 
called  unitarian  cbrifiians. 

In  my  humble  opinion  the  appellation 
of  unitacian  is  a  term  of  great  reproach, 
in  as  much  as  whoever  claims  this  name 
in  order  to  diftinguifti  him  from  the  tri* 
nitarians,  proveth  thereby  that  he  wants 
ei  her  underftandingor candour.  lanfwer, 
tha^^the  tiiniuriani  are  ftrong  aftcrtors 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ySg. 


AN    A  P  P  E  A  L. 


683 


tf  tlie  unitv,  and  confequently  ought 
o  be  cllecmed  unitaiian^  till  it  be  fhewn 
hat  their  principles  arc  inconfiftent  with 
he  uniry.  But  this  not  having  been 
'et  fhewn,  it  follows  that  thofe  arians, 
i^ho  demand  to  be  diftinguifhed  from 
he  trinitarJans,  by  the  name  of  unita- 
ians,  are  guiify  of  a  petitio  principii, 
^ow  they,  who  beg  the  queftion  igno- 
antly,  want  underflanding ;  they  who 
)eg  the  queftion  knowingly,  want  can- 
lour. 

it  is  matter  of  amazement  to  me  that 
r'ou  arians  dare  call  youri'elves  unitarians. 
Do  you  not  hold  a  plurality  of  Gods  ? 
in  vain  will  you  tell  me  that  you  hold 
but  one  fupreme  God  j  for  did  not 
the  heathen  polytheifts  do  the  fame  ? 
had  not  the  heathen  polytheifts  a  deity, 
whom  they  ft)  led  the  father  of  Gods, 
and  men  ? 

To  the  AUTHOR  of  the   LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
SIR, 

THE  prefent  depravity  of  the  age, 
I  have  long  and  often  thought,  cer- 
tainly arifes  greatly  from  the  counte- 
nance given  by  perfons  profefling  reli- 
gion to  the  follies  and  vices  of  the  pro- 
fligate and  abandoned,  and  alfo  to  their 
living  in,  or  imitating,  their  luxury, 
&c. 

The  following  thoughts  arofc  from 
the  9th  chap,  of  Ecclcfiafticus,  where, 
at  vcrfc  the  11th,  it  is  faid— **  Envy 
not  the  glory  of  a  finner,  for  thou 
knoweft  not  what  (hall  be  his  end  }*'  i.e. 
Envy  not  his  outward  pomp,  «nd 
feeming  good  fortune,  for  theftate  of  a 
wicked  man  is  rather  to  be  pitied  than 
envied.— A  reflexion  has  been  madeon 
this  place  thus  :  «*  man  is  too  weak  to 
guard  again-ft  that  which  flatters  his  va- 
nity, he  is  always  4bnd  of  greatnefs  and 
glory  himfelf,  and  admires  and  envies  it 
in  others;  but  it  is  faith  alone  which 
difcovers  the  nothingnefs  of  all  that  ap- 
pears great  below,  and  grace  whii|h  ena- 
bles him  to  defpife  and  refift  the  temp- 
t:itLon.  It  is  for  this  reafon,  that  the 
•  wife  man  fo  often  reminds  us  not  to  fuf- 
fer  ourfelves  to  be  dazzled  with  the 
power  or  glorv  of  ilnners,  nor  to  envy 
their out<ward  flourifhing  oondition,  but 
to  affure  ourfejves,  that  the  elevation 
portends  their  ruin,  ai  only  to  drawdown 
God's  wrath  more  heavily."  At  verfe 
the  tith  it  is  faid,  "  Delight  not  in  the 
thing  that  the  ungodly  have  pleafur^  in.'* 


After  the  advice  in  the  former  verfe, 
not  to  envy  the  glory  of  fmners,  it  fol- 
lows very  properly,,  not  to  delight  in 
their  cuftoms  or  pleafures  5— As  we  are 
too  eafdy  induced  to  approve  of  the 
ways,  and  imitate  the  condu6l  of  fuch 
whofe  condition  we  admire,  and  whofe 
greatnefs  we  envy — Elfe  why  are  fo 
many  ftriving  to  live  like  them— why 
fo  many  running  to  their  Ranelaghs,Cor- 
nelys,  &c.  &c. — Is  this  not  approving 
of,  or  joining  in  the  amufements,  fol- 
lies, and  vices  of  the  ungodly  ?— Surely 
yes— therefore  come  From  amongft  theiu 
my  people — have  no  kind  of  connec* 
tions  with  them,  but  follow  the  advice 
given  in  the.i6th  verfe,  viz.  **  And  let 
juft  men  eat  and  drink  with  thee." 

An  excellent  piece  of  advice  this,  and, 
if  followed,  would  go  a  great  way  to 

hanifti  vice.-i This  advice  fomewhat 

refcmbles  that  of  our  Saviour,  Mat- 
thew 14  and  »2:  Not  to  call  our  rich 
neighbours,  fuch  as  are  recommended 
to  us  merely  by  their  ftate  and  fortune, 
hut  in  the  choice  of  our  acquaintance, 
and  in  the  difpofal  of  our  good  things, 
to  have  regard  chiefly  to  merit,  and  efpc- 
cially  men's  moral  qualifications:— To 
prefer  a  man  of  ftrift  fobriety,  to  ah  in- 
temperate and  noify  companion,  and 
one  of  piety  and  virtue,  to  an  abandoned 
and  profligate  rake; — But   is  this  the 

rafe  ?-^Surely  not. For  do  we     no^ 

often  fee  the  abandoned  and  profligate 
rake,  if  finely  drefled,.&c.  encouraged 
at  tables  where  he  certainly  ought  not 
be  ?— And  we  have  the  reafon  in  the 
former  verfe  for  the  prefercnqic  here 
given,  bec.iufe,  when  thy  table  is  fur- 
niflied  with  dcferving  and  edifying 
guefts,  thy  feaft  will  be  with  the  wife, 
and  all  thy  communication  in  the  law  of 
the  mo  ft  high. 

Thus  Tobit,  when  he  faw  abundance 
of  meat  prepared,  faid  to  his  fon,  **  Go, 
and  bring  what  poor  man  foever  thou 
ftialt  find  out  ot  our  brethren  who  is 
mindful  oi  the  Lord,"  chap.  ii.  ver.  1. 
2.  and  when  Elijah  was  fuftained  by  the 
hofpitable  widow,  the  merit  of  her^iety 
chiefly  confifted  in  this,  that  die  knew 
flie  was  feeding  a  man  of  God,  and  it 
was  the  very  motive  of  her  doing  of  it.— 
But  what  can  be  the  motive  for  feeding 
at  Qur  tables  abandoned  and  profligate 
rakes  ?  —  let  them  who  do  it,  look  to.— 
Can  the  talk  be  with  the  wife,  and  all 
the  communication  in  the  law  of  the 
moft  high  f«-Surely  not.<— And  I  again 

lay, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC        ^ 


684 


P/ficeedings  at  Bofton. 


A  pp. 


Iiy,  that  if  they  werequltc  banifhed  from 
good  people's  tablts  it  would  certainly 
gp  a  great  way  to^vards  reforaiing 
the  world.— O,  but  they  would  fay, 
what  ihall  we  do  then  for  joyous 
company,  for  ihey  arc  joyous  ana  make 
us  laugh  ? — Do  they  fo.— But  ferioudy 
conftdtr,  whether  you  do  not  often  laugh 
when  you  Ihould  cry  for  your  Jolly,  or 
rather  fin  in  even  laughing  at  what 
you  too  often  do ;  for  the  wile  man  adds, 
vtrCc  i8,  *<  A  man  of  an  ill  tongue  is 
dangerous  in  his  city,  and  he  that  is  raih 
in  his  talk  (hall  bfrhated  T*  And  are  not 
tliefe  profligates  too  often  ralh,  very 
rafh,  in  their  talk,  fuppofing  they  are, 
(which  is  often  the  cale)  faiyrifts,  who 
i'pare  nobody,  provided  they  can  ihew 
their  witty  talents,  or  make  themfelvcs 
neriy  at  theexpence  of  others.— -Now 
who  cares  to  lay  under  the  la(h  of  their 
fatires,  and  even  thofe  who  commend 
them  moll  are  afraid  of  them,  and  how 
often  are  the  innocent  and  truly  good 
made  uneafy  thereby,  and  their  banters 
Coo  often  carried  to  things  truly  facred, 
and  that  ought  by  no  means  to  be  jefted 
with.-- -Confidey  this,  O  ye  great,  and 
banidi  there  from  your  tables,  and  if 
you  cannot  meet  with  worthy  good 
people  to  fill  them  in  their  ftead,  as 
furely  you  may,  why  then  call  in  the 
worthy  poor,  and  feed  them ;  confidering 
tJiat  our  Saviour  promifes  a  reward  to 
them  that  /hall  receive  a  prophet,  or  a 
Jtift  man,  or  fliall  give  a  cup  of  cold 
water  to  a  difciple  of  his  as  fuch.— 
But  can  you  expefl  a  reward  for  feed- 
ing the  profligate  and  abandoned?-  — 
Surely  not.--— Therefore  banifti  them 
from  your  company,  houfes,  and 
tables,  and  let  them  go  with  their  bro- 
ther prodigal  to  feed  with  the  fwine. 

[Our  correfpondcnt's  excellent  advice 
voiild  be  more  periinent  were  not  this 
an  age  when  a  Hiew  ofreligion,  piety,  and 
virtue,  is  too  often  put  on,  merely  to 
deceive:  In  Hiort,  amongfl  fuch  fwarms 
of  mere  pretender?,  we  Hiould  be  long 
acquainted  before  we  cbul'e  a  compa- 
nion.] 

Trom  the  Boston  Gazette. 
Boflon,  September  z6.   {See  p.  s%o.) 

ON  Thuriday  lafl  the  2 2d  inftant  a 
number  of  gentlemen,  upwards 
of  feventy,  from  the  different  parts  of 
this  province,  affembled  at  Faneuil-Hall 
in  this  town :  Thefe  gentlemen  by  the 
appointment  of  the    fcverAi  towns  to 


which  they  belong,  t#  the  number  of 
fixty-fix  towns,  bclides  iixty-fix  diftriAs, 
then  and  there  convened  to  confuh  and 
advife  the  moil  effc^ual  measures forpro- 
moting  (he  peace  and  good  order  of  his 
ma  jelly's  iubje£ls  in  tfa«  province,  as  far 
as  they  lawfully  might,  under  the  prc- 
ftnt  very  dark  and  threatening  aiped  of 
the  public  affairs.  The  debates  and  pro- 
ceedings  are  open  :  Their  firft  Hep  wa« 
to  prepare  an  humble  petition  to  the  go- 
vernor of  the  province,  praying  that  his 
excellency  would  be  pleafed  to  coaveoe 
the  coniliiutional  taffembly  of  the  pro- 
vince ;  and  three  of  their  number  mtt% 
appointed  to  prcfent  the  fame. 

The  petition  is  as  follows,  viz. 
May  it  pieafe  your  excellency, 

THE  committees  chofen  by  the  fcve- 
ral  towns  in  this  province,  and  now  con- 
vened in  Bttilon*  to  confult  and  advife 
fuch  roeafures  as  may  mofl  effedually 
promote  the  peace  and  good  order  of  his 
majefty's  fubjefts  in  this  government,  at 
this  very  dark  and  diftrefling  time,  take 
the  earlieft  opportunity  openly  to  dif- 
daim  all  pretence  to  any  authoritatiTe 
or  governmental  a6ls :  Nevenhelefs  as  we 
fieely  and  volunurily  come  from  the  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  province  at  the  earaeft 
deiire  of  the  inhabitants,  and  roaft  be 
fuppofed  to  be  well  ac<}uainted  ^ith  th^ 
prevailing  temper,  inclination  and  fcn- 
timents,  under  the  prefent  threatening 
afpe6l  of  our  public  affairs,  we  thiok 
ourfelves  indifpenfibly  obliged,  from  a 
fenfe  of  duty  to  his  majefly,  to  whom 
we  and  the  people  of  this  province  bear 
the  firraeft  allegiance,  and  from  the 
tendereft  concern  for  the  welfare  of  his 
fubjeAs,  with  all  due  refpeA  to  your  ex« 
cellency,  to  declare  our  apprehenfion 
of  the  abfolute  neceffity  of  a  general  af« 
fembly. 

If  ever  this  pecplo  needed  the  direc- 
tion, the  care,  and  the  fupport  of  fuch  aa 
aifembly,  we  ^re  humbly  of  opinion 
that  their  prefent  circumfUnces  imme- 
diately^equire  it. 

Your  excellency  cannot  be  infenfible 
of  their  univerfal  uneaiinefs ;  ariiing 
from  the  grievances  occafioned  by  the 
late  a^s  of  parliament  for  an  American 
revenue  t  From  authentic  information 
that  the  dutiful  and  loyal  petition  of  the 
Itite  houfe  of  reprefentatives  has  not  been 
allowed  to  reach  the  prefence  of  our 
gracious  king ;  from  the  diffolutton  of  the 
late  general  aifembly  \  from  undoubted 
advice  that  the  o^cmips  of  Sriuin  and 


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768.     Xiovernor  Bernard's  Anfwer  to  the  CcmmiUet.        685 


e  colonies  are  ftill  unwearied  in  the 
oft  grofs  reprefen rations  of  the  people 
the  province  to  bis  majefty*s  miuifters 
being  on  the  eve  of  a  general  infur- 
5lion$  and  from  the  alarming  intelli- 
oce  that  the  nation,  by  means  of  fuch 
ifreprefentations,  is  incenfed  to  a  high 
gree;  fo  it  is  generally  apprehended 
at  a  (landing  army  is  immediately  to 

introduced,  among  the  people  con- 
iry,  as  we  apprehend,  to  the  bill  of 
rhts— a  force  reprefented  to  be  fuffici- 
t  to  over-awe  and  controul  the  whole 
ril  power  of  the  province,  which  mud 
ider  every  right  and  poiTeflton  dread- 
II7  precarious. 

From  thefe  weighty  confiderations  $ 
d  alfo  that  the  people  may  not  be 
own  into  a  total  defpair  \  that  they 
ly  haveafre(hop)»ortunity,  at  the  next 
:eting  of  parliament,  of  taking  off  the 
premoB  from  the  mind  of  the  nation 
ide  by  fuch  roifreprefentations  a<  are 
Fore- mentioned  s  and  by  that  means 
iventing  the  moft  unhappy  confe- 
ences  to  the  parent  country,  as  well 
ourfelves:  We  beg  leave  moft  car- 
Wy  to  pray,  that  your  excellency 
uld  commiferate  his  majefty^s  truly 
'al  fubie^s  of  this  proynce  under  their 
plorable  circumftances,  and  rellore  to 
;m  the  full  pofTefllou  of  their  invalu- 
le  charter-right  to  a  general  aflembly, 
j  caufe  one  immediately  to  be  conven- 
;  that  the  moft  efFe6lual  meafures 
y  be  taken  in  the  manner  prefcribed 
our  happy  conftitution  for  the  redrefs 
grievances  \  for  the  preventing  an  un« 
iftitutional  enaoachment  of  military 
^er  on  the  civil  eftablifhment ;  for  the 
tmoting  the  profperity  of  his  majefty^s 
/ernment,  and  the  peace,  good  order, 
I  due  fubmiflion  of  his  fubjefls  in  the 
vince,  and  making  the  necefTary  pro- 
on  for  the  fupport  of  government ; 
i  finally,  for  the  leftoration  of  that 
mony,  union,  and  affe^lion  between 

nation  and  the  rolonies,  which  ap- 
r  to  as  ro  be  in  the  utmoft  danger  of 
ng  totally  and  irrecoverably  loft. 
\%  in  duty  bound  the  committee  (hall 

ever  pray. 

I  the  name  and  behalf  of  the  committee. 

ThomasCusHing,  chairman. 

\i%  excellency  was  pleafed  to  decline 

living  the  petition  i  but  delivered  to 

gentlemen  the  fallowing   writing, 

«  Gentlemeh, 

Vou  muftcxcufe  me  from  receiving 


a  meiTage  from  that  afTctmbly  which  is 
called  a  committee  of  convention ;  for 
that  would  be  to  admit  it  to  be  a  legal 
aflfembly,  which  I  can  by  no  means  aU 
low.* 

The  faid  writing  not  being  figned 
by  the  governor,  the  gentlemen  at  the 
requeft  of  the  committees,  declared  ia 
writing  under  their  hands  that  his  ex- 
cellcnty  delivered  the  fame  to  them,  in 
confequence  of  their  offering  to  him  th« 
petition. 

The  day  following  the  chairman  ac- 
quainted the  committees,  that  he  had  re« 
ceived  of  the  fecrctary  ot  the  province  a 
writing  figned  by  the  governor,  dated 
yefterday,  which  was  publicly  read,  and 
is  as  foilowt : 

By  his  excellency  Francis  Bernard,  Efq; 
captain  general  and  governor  in  chief 
of  the  province  uf  MaOfachufets  B^y, 
and  vice  admiral  of  the  fame. 
To  the  gentlemen  alTembled  at  Paneuil^ 
under  the  name  of  a  committee  ^of 
convention* 

*  As  I  have  lately  received  from  hit 
ma]efty  ftrifl  orders  to  fupport  his  coii- 
ftitutional  authority  within  this  govern- 
ment, I  cannot  fit  ftill  and  fee  fo  noto- 
rious a  violation  of  it,  as  the  calling  an 
affembly  of  the  people  by  private  per/bns, 
only.  For  a  meeting  of  the  deputies  of  tht 
towns  is  an  aflTembly  of  the  reprefenta- 
tives  of  the  people  to  all  intents  and  pur- 
pofes  ;  and  it  is  not  the  calling  it  a  com- 
mittee of  convention  that  wilUalter  tho 
nature  of  the  thing. 

I  am  willing  to  believe  that  the 
gentlemen,  who  fo  haftily  iifued  the 
fummons  for  this  meeting,  were  not 
aware  of  ^e  high  nature  of  the  «f. 
fence  they  were  committing  $  and  they 
who  have  obeyed  them  have  not  well 
confidered  of  the  penalties  which  ilhey 
will  incur  if  they  fhould  perfift  in 
continuing  their  fcftion,  and  doing  bu^ 
(inefs  therein.  At  prefent  ignorance  ot 
law  may  excufe  what  is  paft;  a  ftep  far* 
ther  will  take  away  that  plea. 

It  is  therefore  my  duty  to  interpo(e  at 
this  inftant,  before  it  is  too  late:  I  do 
therefore  eameftly  admoni(h.|ou,  that 
inftantly,  and  before  you  do  any  bu^ 
/!nefs,  you  break  up  this  aflembly 
and  feparate  yourfelves.  I  fpeak  t« 
you  now-  as  a  friend  to  the  province 
and  a  well- wi (her  to  the  individuals 
of  it. 

But  if  you  ffiould  piy  no  regard  to 
this  admonition,  I  mult,   as  governorj, 

alTer^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC  " 


686 


Mejfage  tj  tbe  Governor. 


App. 


aiFcrt  tHc  prerogatWe  of  the  crown  in 
a  more  public  manner :  For  aflure 
yourfclvcf  (I  fpeak  from  inftruftion) 
th«  king  is  determined  to  maintain  his 
entire  fbvcreignty  over  this  province, 
and  whoever  mall  perfift  in  ufurping 
any  of  the  rights  of  it,  will  repent  of 
bis  rafimefs. 

F?A.  Bernard," 

Province- Houfe,  Sept.  sid,  1768. 

[A  paper,  probably  the  fame,  had 
been  the  day  before  delivered  to  the 
chairman  by  the  fecretary,  faid  to  be 
by  order  of  the  governor,  but  not  be- 
ing figned,  it  was  by  a  vote  of  the 
committees  returned  to  the  fecretary, 
with  aifurance  to  him  that  they  (hould 
be  always  ready  to  pay  all  due  rcfpedl 
to  any  meflagcs  which  they  might  be 
aiTured  fhould  come  to  them  from  the 
governor  of  the  province.] 

On  Saturday  five  gentlemen  were 
appointed  to  Wait  on  his  excellency,  . 
and  humbly  p^efent  to  him  the  follow- 
ing meiTage,  viz. 

May  it  pleafe  your  excellency, 

THE  committees  from  a  number  of 
K)wns  in  this  province  now  convened 
at  Fancuil-Hall,  having  received  from 
your  excellency  a  meffage,  coataining 
a  remonftrance  againft  our  thus  meet- 
ing, and  an  admonition  to  break  up 
and  feparate  ourfelves  inftantly,  and 
before  we  do  any  bufmefs,  have  taken 
the  fame  into  our  ferious  and  attentive 
condderation  ;  and  we  afTure  your  ex- 
cellency, that  though  according  to  the  * 
bcft  of  ourtibilitics,  we  have  confider- 
ed  the  matters  that  are  hinted  by  your 
excellency  as  the  foundation  of  your 
moA'age,  yet  we  are  not  able  to  coUe6t 
fufficient  information  therefrom,  to 
place  our  prefent  meeting  and  proceed- 
ings in  the  fame  light  in  which  they 
fecm  to  lie  in  your  excellency's  mind. 
We  do  aflure  your  excellency  moft 
fully,  that  neither  the  views  of  our 
conftituents  in  fending  us,  nor  the  de- 
fign  of  any  of  us  thus  meeting,  was  to 
do,  propofe,  or  confent  to  any  thing 
oppugnant  to,  or  incon(i(Unt  with, 
the  regular  execution  of  government 
In  this  bis  majefty's  province ;  and  that 
though  the  letters  from  the  feledt-men 
of  tbe  town  of  Bofton,  to  the  refpeAive 
towns  from  which  we  come,  might 
lirft  give  rife  to  our  being  choten  and 
fent  \  yet  that  neither  the  faid  letter 
itom  the  fele£t-men  of  the  town  of 
Bolion,  nor  any  votes  of  the  (aid  town 
5 


accompanying  the  fame,  were  confi- 
dered  by  our  refpe6Hve  towns  in  tbe 
choofmg,  nor  by  us  in  our  affembling, 
as  the  foundation  and  warrant  of  our 
convening.  But,  ma>  it  pleafe  your 
excellency,  being  afTured  that  our 
conftituents,  as  well  as  ourfelves,  have 
the  moft  loyal  and  affedlionatc  attach- 
ment to  the  perfon  and  government  of 
our  rightful  foveretgn  King  George 
the  Third,  we  beg  leave  to  explain  to 
your  excellency  the  real  caufc  and  in- 
tention of  our  thus  convening. 

Youl-  excellency  cannot  be  unic- 
quainted  with  the  many  diiHculties  mi- 
der  which  his  maje(ly*s  fubje^s  on  the 
whole  continent  oi  America  appre- 
hend tliemfelves  to  labour  under, 
and  of  the  uneafmefs  which  his  fubjedf 
in  this  province  huve  repeatedly  «x- 
preiTed  on  the  fame  account.  The 
minds  of  the  psople  who  have  fent  us, 
are  greatly  difturbed  that  the  humble 
and  dutiful  petition  of  thehr  repre fen- 
tat  ives,  for  tbe  removal  of  thofe  diffi- 
culties, has  not  been  permitted  to  reach 
the  royal  ear  $  and  they  are  gready 
agitated  with  the  *  expei^tion  of  a 
ftanding  army  to  be  pofted  amon^  ut, 
and  bf  the  full«  exertion  of  a  military 
government.  Alarmed  with  thefe  ap- 
preheniions,  and  deprived  of  a  houfe 
of  reprefentatives,  their  attention  is 
too  much  taken  olF  from  their  daily 
occupations  |  their  morals  and  induf- 
try  are  in  danger  of  being  damaged, 
and  their  peaceable  behaviour  difturb- 
ed, for  want  of  fuch  perfoits  as  theycaa 
confide  in  to  advife  them  in  thel«  mat- 
ters, and  to  make  application  for  their 
redrefs. 

Your  excellency  will  further  natu- 
rally conceive  that  thofe  of  his  ma- 
jefty's  fubjeAs  who  live  remote  from 
Bofton,  the  centre  of  their  intelligence, 
and  whofe  occupations  do  not  admit 
of  much  knowledge  of  public  aflTairty 
are  fubjedied  to  many  mifrepreienta- 
tions  of  their  public  concerns,  and 
thofe  generally  of  a  moft  aggravated 
kind)  nor  is  it  in  the  power  of  ^tbe 
moft  knowing  perfons  among  os  to 
wipe  oft' the  pernicious  cfte^s  of  fnch 
rumours,  without  Ihe  appearance  of  a 
public  enquiry. 

Induced  by  thefe  motives,  and  others 
of  the  fame  kind,,  our  cdnftituems 
thought  it  no  ways  inconiiftent  wtdi 
good  order,  and  regular  government, 
to  fend  committee-men  to  meet  with 

fnch 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 768.  fFhtcb  he  refufes  to  received 

fuch  committiet  it  mi|:ht  b€  Tent  from  ratcljr  attend  to  it, 
th«  fef eral  towns  in  the  province  to  " 
confer  upon  thefe  matters,  aud  learn 
the  certainty  of  thofe  rumours  prevail- 
ing among  us,  and  to  confult  and  ad- 
vite  as  far  as  comes  legally  within  their 
power  to  fuch  meafures  as  would  have 
the  greateft  tendency  to  prefenre  the 
peace  and  good  order  among  his  nna- 
jefty^s  fubjef^s,  and  promote  their  due 
fubmifRon;  and  at  the  fame  time  to 
confult  the  mod  regular  and  dutiful 
manner  of  laying  our  grievances  be- 
fore our  moft  gracious  lovereign,  and 
obtaining  a  redrefs  of  the  fame.  This, 
we  aflure  your  excellency,  is  the  only 
caufe  and  intention  of  our  thus  conven- 
i  ng;  and  we  are  exceeding  forry  it  ihould 
be  viewed  by  your  excellency  in  an 
sbnoxious  light. 

Your  excellency  maybe  aflured  that 
iiad  our  conftituents  conceived,  or  did 
rheir  committees  thus  convened,  con- 
:eive  this  proceeding  to  be  illegal, 
hey  had  never  fent  us,  nor  ftiould  we 
>retend  to  continue  our  convention : 
Sut  as  your  excellency  in  the  meffage 
vith  which  you  have  been  pleafed  to 
avoor  us,  has  not  been  fo  explicit  in 
ioiuting  out  the  criminality  of  our 
trefent  proceeding  as  we  could  have 
nfhed,  but  has  left  us  to  our  own 
udgement  and  underftandmg  to  fearch 
t  out,  we  would  with  all  duty  to  your 
xcellency,  as  the  reprefentative  of 
ar  rightful  fovereign,  requeft  of  your 
xccllencjr  to  point  out  to  us  wherein 
^e  criminality  of  our  proceedin^rs 
onfiftss  being  aflured  we  cautiouily     that  in  obedience  to  his  raajefty's  com- 


6iy 

^}othing  could 
give  us  more  uneaitnefs  than  a  fuggef- 
tion  that  our  proceeding  arecriminal| 
not  fo  much  from  a  fear  of  peribnal 
punifhment,  as  from  a  fixed  averfion 
we  have  to  anv  thing  inconiiftent  with 
the  dignity  of  our  fovereign,  and  the 
happinefs  of  his  extended  dominion ; 
and  we  flatter  ourfelves  that  when  the 
real  defign  of  this  convention  is  under- 
ilood,   it  will  prove  an  argument  to 
evince  the  entire  loyalty  of  his  majefty't 
fubje^s  in  this   province,    and  their 
difpofition  to  peace  and  good  order. 
In  the  name  and  behalf  of  the  com- 
mittees of  a  number  of  towns  in 
this  province,  convened  in  Bof- 
ton,  Sept.  24,  1768. 

Tho.Cushino,  Chairntian. 
Thefe  gentlemen  reported  alfo  in 
writing,  that  they  had  tccordihgly 
waited  on  his  excellency,  and  that  he 
was  plea  fed  to  fay  he  could  not  receive 
the  melfage. 

The  committees  then  appointed  nine 
gentlemen  of  their  number  to  condder 
and  report  tlie  mofl  effectual  meaAires, 
confiftent  with  the  exprefs  defign  of 
their  convening,  to  promote  the  peace 
and  ^ood  order  of  his  mstjefty^s  fub- 
je£fts  in  the  province)  and  then  the 
committees  adjourned  till  Monday 
(this  day)  ten  o'clock. 

Saturday  evening  the  17th  infl.  his 
excellency  the  governor  received  a  let- 
ter from  his  excellency  General  Gage, 
commander  in  chief  of  his  majefty*« 
forces  in  North  America,  advifing  him. 


lean  to  avoid  tytry  thing  that  has  the 
:aft  appearance  of  uforpadon  of  go- 
ernment,  in  any  of  it's  branches,  or 
ny  of  the  rights  of  bis  majefty*s  fo- 
sreignty,  or  that  is  in  the  leafl  in- 
;ntive  of  rebellion,  or  even  a  mental 
ifafle^lion  to  the  government  by  law 
bablidied  and  exercifed. 

Your  excellency  will  be  pleafed  in 
>ur  welt  known  knowledge  of  human 
irure,  and  the  delicacy  ok  Britifh  pri- 
leges,  to  be  fparing  in  your  frowns 
I  our  prefent  proceeding,  we  being 

prefent  inclined  to  thinx,  till  better 
formed,  that  if  criminality  be  im- 
ited  to   us,  it  will  be  applied  only 

our  doings,  and  not  to  the  profefT- 

manner  and  defign  of  our  meeting : 
it  if  your  excellency  has  a  different 
prehenfion  of  the  matter,  we  intreat 
explanation  of  the  fsme$  and  aK*- 
re  your  excellency  we  (hAll  delibe- 
i^ppendix>  176s. 


mands,  be  had  direAed  two  regiments 
viz.  the  14th  and  19th,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Lieut.  Col.  Dalrymple,  to  em-  ' 
bark  at  Hallifax,  and  proceed  to  Bof- 
ton  as  foon  as  poflible,  one  of  them  to 
be  at  prefent  at  Caftle  William,  the 
other  m  the  town  ;  and  that  provifion 
be  made  for  them  agreeable  to  a6l  of 
parliament.  On  Monday  morning  the ' 
plover  nor  laid  the  fame*  before  his  ma-^ 
jetty's  council. 

His  excellency  alfo  laid  before  the 
council  an  extract  of  a  letter,  which 
he  had  received  the  day  before  by 
Capt.  Bruce  from  London,  from  the 
Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Hilliborough, 
his  majefty*s  principal  fecrctary  of 
fiate  for  the  colonies,  fetting  forth 
that  his  majf  fty  bad  thought  fit  to  iig^ 
nify  his  pleafure,  after  taking  the  opi- 
nion and  advice  of  his  prircipal  fer- 
vants,  that  the  troops  intended  ftjr  the 

4  S  relisf 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC ' 


688 

relief  of  North  America  io  the  next 
(bring,  confifting  of  two  regiraentt 
from  Ireland,  (hould  be  immediately 
fent  over  to  America^  and  landed  at 
Bofton:  That  tranfport  veflels,  were 
preparing  with  all  poiHble  difpatch,  in 
order  to  proceed  to  Cork  t»  take  on 
t>oard  the  faid  regiments,  "which  are  to 
be  augmented  by  draughts  to  500  men 
each. 

The  frigate  which  will  convoy  the 
Cranfports  from  Ireland  to  Bofton,  to- 
^ether  with  a  (hip  of  the  line  prepar- 
ing for  the  reception  and  conveyance 
of  Lord  Botetourt,  his  majefty'e  lieu- 
tenant and  governor  general  of  Virgi- 
i\ia,  are  to  remain  in  thefe  Teas,  in  cafe 
the  commander  in  chief  of  his  majef- 
ty*s  forces  (ball  be  of  opinion  that  his 
majefty's  fervice  requires  it. 

A  committee  of  his  majcfly's  council 
was  chofen  to  confer  with  the  fele^t- 
ipen  of  the  town,  in  regard  to  the 
providon  nece(rary  to  be  made  for  the 
aboVe  troops. 

It  is  reported,  viaMarblehcad,  that 
ttie  two  regiments  deftined  for  this 
j^lace,  were  embarking  on  board  Qx 
or  eight  men  of  war  and  armed  veffels, 
and  expe&ed  to  fail  as  on  Thurfday 

Tuefday  laft,  the  day  hi  apart  for 
jMiblic  prayer,  was  obferved  with  the 
greateft  Solemnity  :  Perhaps  the  Lord's 
day  was  nerer  kept  with  more  decency 
>f  we  may  iudge  by  the  appearance  in 
the  fireets :  And  •  the  calm  as  well  as 
fefious  countenances  of  people  at  tht 
public  worship,  difcovered  the'u*  heartt 
deeply  affeded  with  iincere  and  ration- 
al devotion  $  and  this  was  a  perfe^lv 
free-will  offering,  neither  enjoined 
nor  enforced  by  human  authority. 

Thurfday  laft  being  the  anniveriary 
of  his  majefty's  coronation,  the  fame 
was  obferve^here  by  the  firing  of  the 
cannon  at  CaftU- William  and  at  the 
batteries  in  the  town,  and  three  vol- 
lies  by  the  regiment  of  Militia,  which, 
with  the  train  of  artillery,  were  muf* 
tered  on  the  occaiion.  At  the  invita- 
tion of  his  excellency  the  governor 
Ms  majefty^s  health  was  drank  at  the 
council-chamber,  at  noon. 

We  are  affured  that  the  number  of 
committees,  from  the  feveral  towns 
now  convened  in  this  place,  have  been 
daily  increafing  from  Tburfday  laft. 
Wc  hear  from  Tarioat  parts  of  the 
4- 


'Jnfwer  of  the  Council  Ap^* 

province,  that  many  towns  are  to  makf 
choice  this  day.  In  all  ProbftbiUty,  m 
▼ery  great  majority  will  bo  in  town  by 
the  middle  of  this  week. 

It  is  (aid  that  a  certain  nombef  of 
gentlemen^  in  this  province,  are  de- 
termined jointly  to  ufe  their  ntmoll 
endeavours  to  place  the  loyalty  of  the 
people  before  his  •♦•  in  it's  tme  re- 
ipeaable  light— to  feperate  fucb  ai 
number,  and  thereby  f  ruftrate  fo  good 
a  defigni  will  be  doing  great  diilervice 
to  his  **^,  as  well  as  a  fubftantix)  in- 
jury to  the  people. 

The  thoughu  of  a  ftanding  amjr 
are  more  and  more  alarming  to  thM 
people,  who  have  hitherto  lupported 
the  due  execution  of  conftitutioaai 
If  w,  without  the  neceflity  of  fuch  aid. 
His  •••'s  C— 1  liavc  lately  difcovered 
a  true  patriotifm  and  love  of  tbdr 
country  in  a^ording  fuch  advice,  as 
(if  taken)  will  probably  be  the  means' 
of  preventing  tho  greateft  of  all  tern- 
pond  evils. 


Fro««  M/ Supplement  Extaordinary  H 
the  Bofton  Gazette  of  September  a6, 
1768. 

Council  C]iamber«  Sept.139  A.M.ijSf. 

MR.  Bowdoin,  Mr«  Gray,  and 
Mr.  Tvler,  pnrfoant  to  the  ap- 
pointment  or  the  council '  yefterdsy; 
reported  to  the  board  an  anfwer  to 
his  excellency's  propofaT  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  the  troops,  which  an- 
fwer being  coniidered  and  amended,  is 
agreed  to  by  tho  t>oard. 

The  board  was  informed  by  the 
iecretary  that  tho  weather  being  fo 
ftormy»  tho  governor  Ml  not  ht  in 
town  to-dayi  and  defirea  they  will 
meet  him  ai  the  province- houfe  to- 
morrow at  ten  o^dock,  A.  M. 

Saturday,  Sept.  14^  The  weather 
continoing  ftormy,  his  excellency  did 
not  come  to  town  tUl  the  afternoon, 
when  the  council  waited  vpon  him 
with  thdr  anfwer. 

An  alteration  being  propofed  in  the 
faid  anfwer,  it  was  agreed  by  the  coun- 
cil to  meet  tm  Monday  morning  at 
nine  o'dock,  the  a 6th  inf(.  to  connder 
it  I  and  his  excellency  informed  the 
council)  that  their  anfwer  mfght  then 
be  given  to  the  fecretary  ro  be  deli- 
vered to  him  without  any  further 
meeting  thereon. 

Sept.  a6«  A*  M.  The  council  met 

and 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1768.' 


To  Governor  Bernard. 


6S9 


and  agreed  to  the  alteration  $  and  then 
delivered  the  faid  anfwer  to  the  fecre- 
Ufv.    The  Anfvrer  follows  s 

THE  board  have  taken  into  tbetr 
further  conftderation  General  Gage*t 
letter*  and  the  extract  from  Lord 
Hilin>orDUgh''s  letter  communicated  by 
hit  excellency  on  the  19th  inftant,  re- 

Stive  to  the  reception  and  accommo- 
ition  of  the  troops  in  the  faid  letter 
and  extraft  mentioned^  and  have  alf« 
coniidered  his  excellency*s  propofid  of 
the  tsd  inft.  relating  to  the  manufac- 
tory houfe  in  Bofton,  that  they  would 
authorise  him  to  take  meafures  for 
fitting  up  the  (aid  building  for  the  re- 
ception of  fo  niany  of  the  &id  troops 
#s  it  will  conveniently  accommodate* 
^They  have  alfo  attentively  confider- 
c!B  the  ad  of  parliament,  providing, 
amon^  othei^hmgs,  for  the  quartering 
and  billeting  the  laid  troops,  and  they 
find  that  the  civil  officers  in  the  (aid 
siGt  mentioned,  and  no  others,  are 
thereby  empowered  and  **  required  to 
quarter  u^^  billet  the  officers  and  fol- 
diers  in  his  majefty^s  fervice  in  the 
barracks  provided  in  the  colonies  i 
and  if  there  ihall  not  be  ftifficient 
room  in  the  faid  barracks  for  the  offi- 
cenand  foldiers>  then,  and  in  fucb 
ca(e  only,  to  quarter  and  billetlhe  re- 
Gdue*'  of  them,  in  fuch  manner  as  in 
the  faid  ad  is  further  and  vtty  par- 
ticularly direded.  Now  it  appears  by 
tliis  paragraph  of  the  faid  ad,  that  in 
any  colony  where  there  are  barracks, 
the  faid  officers  and  foldiers  in  hit 
majefty^s  fervice  (hall  be  quaitered 
md  billeted  in  fuch  barracks  and  in 
10  other  place  unUfs  there  (hall  not  be 
fufficient  room  in  the  baracks.— — « 
With  refped  to  this  colony,  tbegovem- 
nent  of  it  in  the  beginning  of  the  late 
srar,  by  their  order,  caujed  barrackt 
o  be  built  atCaftle  William,  for  the 
^ery  purpofe  of  accommodating  his 
r>ajefty>  troops  whenever  it  (hoiUd  be 
leceilary  for  them  to  come  hither  f 
inder  which  order  the  governor  and 
louncilare  authoriated  to  provide  quar-^ 
ers  in  the  faid  barracks  for  fuch  troopsf 
nd  thofe  barracks  are  fufficient  to  ap- 
ommodate  about  one  thoufand  men,* 
Fhich  number  it  is  faid,  the  two  re- 
giments ordered  from  Halifax  will  not 
xceed :  thofe  regiments  therefore, 
i^hicb  are  the  firft  expeded,  the  faid 
^  of  parliament  requires  to  be  quar* 
ercd  \^  the  (aid  barracks. 


General  Gage  however  in  his  lcttc> 
aforefaid  mentions  that  one  of  the 
faid  regiments  is  ordered  for  the  pre- 
sent to  Caftle  William,  the  other  to 
the  town  of  Bofton :  But  it  wiif  be  no 
diOrefped  to  the  genera!  to  fay;  that 
no  order  whatfoever  coming  from  a 
lefs  authority  than  his  majefty  and  par- 
liament can  (uperfede  an  ad  of  parlia- 
ment :  And  it  is  plain  the  general  bad 
no  intention  that  the  faid  order  (hould, 
as  he  concludes  his  letter  by  defirinf 
the  governor  to  fee  thatthe  faid  ti  oopf 
are  provided  with  quarters  on  their  ^ 
arrival  in  this  government,  as  by  1^  ^ 
direded.  The  (aid  ad  alfo  provides j 
"  That  if  any  military  officer  fhall 
take  upon  himfelf  to  quarter  foldieri 
in  any  of  his  roajefty^s  dominions  ill 
America,  otherwile  than  is  limited  ana 
allowed  by  this  ad,  or  (hall  ofe  or  offer 
any  mena^  or  compulsion,  &c.  he 
Ihall  be  «  ipfi  faSo  ca(hiered  ind  be 
utterly  difabled  to  have  or  hold  any 
military  employment  in  his  ma}efty*e 
fcrvicc."— ttis  excellency  therefore, 
as  the  board  apprehend,  muft  dearlf 
fee,  by  examining  the  faid  ad,  that  it 
is  not  in  the  power  of  the  board  td 
provide  quarters  for  the  faid  regiment^ 
as  deftined,  till  the  barracks  at  Caftle 
William,  aitd  the  inns,  livery  ftables, 
and  other  houfes  mentioned  in  the  faid 
ad  (hall  be  full }  (in  which,  "  and 
Ho  other,  cafe,  and  upon  no  ^her  ac- 
count, it  (hall  and  may  be  lawful  for 
the  governor  and  councir'  to  take  the 
meajures  they  are  direded  to  by  the 
faid  ad  for  the  reception  of  his  ma« 
jefty*s  forces  §)  nor  of  coni^quenc^  - 
to  authorise  his  excellency  to  take 
meafures  for  fitting  up  the  maiiufac- 
tory  houfe,  agreeable  to  his  propofal. 

The  quartering  ot  troops  in  the  body 
of  the  town  before  the  barracks  are 
full,  is  not  only  contradidory  to  th^ 
ad  of  parliament,  but  w6uld  be  incon-^ 
liftent  with  the  peace  of  the  towui 
ivhofe  peace  and  welfare,  as  alfo  the 
peace  and  welfare  of  the  province  in 
general,  it  is  the  duty,  intereft,  and 
inclination  of  the  board  to  promote; 
and  which,  in  eirery  way  confident 
with  law,  they  will  endeavour  to  pro- 
mote to  the  utmoft  of  iheir  ability. 

Aethe  board  on  the  i9tb  inft.  when 
the  letters  abovemetuioned  were  (iril 
communicated  to  them,  advifed  that 
his  excellency  give  proper  orders  fot 
'the  accommodation  of  one  of  the  Hal- 

48^  lifax 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


690  Result 

lifax  regimenti  in  the  barracks  at 
Caftle  WiUiain»  (6  they  now  further 
advife,  that  hit  exceUency  give  like 
orders  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
other  Halifax  regiment  in  the  faid 
barracks. 

With  regard  to  the  two  regiments 
oi:dered  from  Ireland  to  Bofton,  the 
board  doubt  not  that  provision  will  be 
made  for  their  accommodation  agreea- 
ble ^o  the  ad  aforefaid. 

That  the  board  might  be  better 
able  to  give  their  advice  in  regard  to 
fhe  regiments  ordered  hither*  they 
thought  it  neceJTary  that  the  whole 
of  Lord  Hillfborough's  letter,  fo  far 
ar  it  related  to  the  faid  regiments, 
and  to  the  occ^Hon  ^nd  defign  of  their 
coming,  (hould  be  communicated  to 
them,  and  they  accordingly  defired 
his  excellency  to  communicate  it )  but, 
chough  his  excelleqcy  was  pleafed  to 
tell  them  be  ihould  very  prpbablv  lay 
the  whple  pf  it  before  the  board,  in 
fuch  parcels,  and  at  fuch  times  as  he 
thought  proper,  yet  as  they  apprehend 
the  propriety  of  their  own  condu6l  in 
m  great  meafpre  depends  on  the  com* 
rounication  of  .the  whole  of  it  together, 
they  again  requeft  his  excellency  to  fa- 
vour them  with  it. 

With  regard  to  the  occafion  of  the 
faid  regiment  being  ordered  to  Bofton, 
his  excellency  on  beins  a(ked,  inform- 
ed the  board,  that  he  apprehended 
the  HaUifax  regiments  ^ere  ordered 
hither  in  confeqijence  of  the  riots  in 
March  la(^,  aqd  the  twQ  IriQi  regi- 
ments in  confequence  of  that  of  the 
xoth  of  June  laft.  On  which  the 
board  are  obliged  to  obferve,  that  they 
are  fully  perinaded  bis  majefty's  int- 
nitters  could  never  have  juciged  it  ei- 
ther necefTary  or  expedient  to  go  in- 
to fuch  e3(traordinary  meafures  as 
thpfe  o(  feeding  (ropps  hither,  uiUeis 
in  the  repreientations  made  from 
bencp  by  fome  ill- minded  perfons,  the. 
faid  riots  had  been  grei^tly  magnified 
^d  exaggerated.  « 

With  refpe(Et  to  what  happened  on 
the  iSth  of  Alarch,  iprhich  was  a  day 
of  rejoicing,  |nd  on  fuch  days  difor- 
ders  are  not  uncommon  in  populous 
places,  it  was  tqo  Jncondderable  |o 
make  it  a  fubje^  of  r^prelentatioii, 
and  cou^d  not  have  been  made  the 
iubje£l  of  fo  injurious  ail  on^  but  bjr 
peribns  difpofed  to  bring  milery  and 
^refs  i^on  the  town  aiul  province* 


OF    THf  APP- 

In  regard  to  the  riot  of  the  lotb  of 
June,  of  which  tHe  board  have  re- 
peatedly exprafled  their  abhorrence, 
and  have  advifed  that  the  perpetrators 
of  it  (hould  be  profecuted  by  the  At- 
torney General,  the  board  have  in 
their  anfwer  to  his  excellency*t  re- 
presentation laid  before  them  the  ayth 
of  July  laft,  given  a  joft  account  of 
the  occaOon  of  that  riot  i  and  as  they 
appreheiid  it  neceifary  that  the  faid 
account,  together  with  all  the  pro- 
ceedings at  that  time,  ihould  be  made 
public,  thcv  agaiq  deiire  his  excellen- 
cy will  oroer  the  faid  repnelentatioa 
and  anfwer  to  be  printed  as  foon  as 
may  be  in  the  public  news-fMpert. 

From  ibs  Boston  WEExty  Ntw$» 
Writer  qf  Thurfday,  oaober  6» 
if68. 

The  following  was  unaoirooufly  agreed 
upon  as  the  refult  of  the  conference 
and  confultation  of  the  committees 
chofen  by  a  number  of  towns  and 

•  diftfi£ts,  •viz.  ninety-fix  towns  and 
eight  diftri6ts,  convened  at  Boftoii 
the  aid  day  of  September,  1768. 

TH  B  inhabitants  of  a  number  of 
towns  in  his  majeftj^'s  provinco 
of  Maffachufett's  Bay,  being  greatly 
alarmed  at  the  prefent  afp^  of  our 
public  affairs,  and  deeply  diftrcifed 
HI  their  minds  upon  authentic  advice, 
that  the  humble  and  dutiful  petition 
of  their  reprefentative  to  our  moft 
gracious  fovereiffn  for  th^  redrels  of 
their  grievances  nave  not  reached  the 
royal  prefenpe  §  at  a  time  when  they 
aie  threatened  with  the  poftin^  of  re- 
gular troops  among  them,  while  they 
are  in  an  unufual  manner  deprived  of 
the  benefit  of  a  general  afiembly,  the 
grand  council  oT  the  povince :  And 
being  defirous,  to  the  utmoft  of  their 
ability,  to  promote  peace,  good  order 
and  due  fuomiiTion  among  their  fel- 
low fubjeAs  in  the  province,  have  iii 
their  feveral  town  meetings  legally  af- 
fembled,  cho(en  Us  to  meet  together 
in  convention,  in  order  to  confult  and 
advife  for  that  purpofe ;  and  alfo  fo# 
the  k^al,  regular,  and  prudential  me- 
thods of  pbtaiifiing  the  rcdrtfs  of  our 
grievances. 

■  The  f iid  committees  having  nset  for. 
the  purpofes  aforefaid,  and  after  con- 
ference and  confultation  on  the  pre* 

miies|  thought  it  i^lvtfekble  to  prefer 

......  .      ^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Committees  Cowfer^nce, 


1768. 

[  dutifu)  {>etUioii  to  bis  excelltney,  go- 
rernof  Bernard,  his  niajeily*s  repre- 
i^tative  in  this  province^  therein  fet- 
ing forth,  and  explaining  to  his  excel- 
ency,  the  nature  and  defign  of  their 
Deeting»  and  fupplicating  him  to  con- 
vene a  general  afTembly  of  the  repre- 
entative  body  of  the  people ;  but  bis 
xcellency  having  confidered  their  thus 
neeting  as  unlawful,  refufe4  to  re- 
eive  the  petition^  an<)  Tent  them  a 
aeiTage,  admonifl^ing  them  to  fepa- 
ate  themfeivess  and  alfo  afterward 
le  refi^fed  to  receive  an  anfwer,  which 
be  fai(}  comn^^ttee  thought  necefla- 
y  to  fend  to  bis  excellency  in  confe- 
[uence  of  bis  meiTage  and  admonition 
o  them )  the  committee  therefore  con* 
idenng  that  the  peaceable  and  good 
ntention  of  their  convening  might 
K)(nbly  be  mifunderftood,  thought 
t  neceflary  that  their  proceedings 
hould  be  made  knowi)  to  the  world,  by 
nfertingthe  fame  in  the  public  prints* 
hat  fo  every  fufplcion  of  any  illegal 
lefign  or  behaviour  might  be  removed. 
And  the  faid  committees  confidering 
hemfelves  only  as  fo  many  private 
ellow-fubjefts,  convened  from  divers 
owns  in  this  province,  at  the  requefl 
>f  their  inhabitants,  have  made  known 
o  each  other  the  loyal  dutiful  difpofi- 
ton  of  the  fame  i  and  their  defire  that 
10  irregular  Iteps  fliould  be  taken  by 
he  people,  but  that  all  conftitutional 
tnd  prudential  methods  (hould  be 
rlofely  attended  to  for  the  redrefs  of 
heir  grievances}  and  the  faid  com- 
nittee  in  purfuance  of  the  paciHck 
ntention  of  their  meeting,  have 
;on(idered  that  the  gracious  atten- 
ion  of  his  moft  facred  majefty  to 
he  caufe  and  groui^s  of  our  com- 
»Iaints,  is  the  only  regular  fource  of 
eiief  from  our  prefent  diftre/fes ;  and 
hat  the  houfe  of  rpprefentatives  in 
February  laft  did,  ii^  their  faithful  care 
nd  concern  for  the  intereft  and  wel- 
are  of  this  proyince,  prefer  fuch  a  pe- 
ition  to  his  facred  ma jefty,  s^  by  them 
?as  thought  beft  adapted  to  obtain  re- 
ief;  and  at  t^e  f«|n)e  time  did  write 
etters  to  divers  lioble  lords,  and  others, 
o  intreat  their  attention  to  our  pub- 
ic difficulties  j  which  petition  to  his 
najefty,  we  are  in  hopes,  has  before 
l^t  time  reached  the  royal  prefence, 
nd  wi|l  ere  (png  l)ave  the  defired  ef- 
e^t.  And  as  we  cannot  but  iiiil  en- 
ertaiif^f  bop^l  th^t  bit  cfcdltnc; 


691 


our  governor  Will  Coon  think  fit  to 
call  a  houfe  of  reprefentatives,  who 
inay,  if  they  fee  occaiion  therefore, 
prefer  further  petitions  to  his  majefty 
for  our  redrefs,  we  are  therefore  hum- 
blyof  opinion,  and  flatter  ourfelvesit 
will  not'be  taken  amift  if  we  declare, 
and  which  we  are  aflured  is  the  fenti- 
ment  of  the  feveral  towns  to  which  we 
belong,  that  though  the  prefentappear* 
ance  of  our  public  aflfairs  is  alarmuig 
and  diftreflin^,  yet  that  the  common 
caufe  of  obtaining  the  redi:efs  of  the  ^ 
heavy  grievances  under  which  we  la- 
bour will  be  beft  ferved  by  a  firm  ad- 
|ierence  to  the  principles  of  the  confli- 
tution,  and  a  clofe  attention  to  the 
peace  and  good  order  of  fociety :  And 
though  we  are  fatisiied,  from  the 
Knowledge  we  have  of  the  loyalty  and 
attachment  of  the  inhabitants  of  this 
province  to  the  perfon  and  govern- 
ment of  our  moft  gracious  fovereien, 
that  any  tumults  and  diforders  that 
may  have  happened  have  not  arifen 
from  the  leaft  difaffeflion  to  the  go- 
vernment as  by  law  eftabliihed,  or  the 
want  of  loyalty  to  our  king  on  the 
Britifh  throne,  but  merely  from  a 
preding  anxiety  of  mind  on  the  ac- 
count of  heavy  and  increafing  grie« 
vances,— which  grievances  were  very 
clearly  fct  forth  by  the  houfe  of  repre- 
fentatives  of  this  province  in  Febru- 
ary laft  in  the  aforefaid  petition  and 
letters*  wherein  they  exprefs  their 
deepeft  concern  that  the  parliament 
has  thought  proper  to  pafs  divers  a6ls, 
impodng  taxes  on  his  majefty's  fub- 
]e6k%  ip  Amerijca  with  the  fole  and  ex- 
prefs purpofe  of  raifin^  a  revenue  $  and 
they  add,  that  if  thele  a6ls  of  parlia- 
xnent  (hould  remain  in  force,  and  hit 
majefty^s  commons  in  Great-Britain 
fliall  continue  to  exercife  the  power 
of  granting  the  property  of  their  fel- 
low-fubieSs  in  this  province,  his  ma- 
jefty^s  people  here  muft  then  regret 
their  unhappv  fate  \n  having  only  the 
name  left  of^  free  fubjefts.-r-And  in 
their  letter  to  their  agents  they  fay, 
that  t(ie  cqloi^ifts  cannot  be  conceived 
to  have  any  property,,  if  their  money 
may  be  granted  away  by  others  with-  . 
out  their  confent,  s^nd  that  this  is  rooft 
certainly  the  prefent  csife."  And  fpeak- 
iqg  of  A  ftanding  army,  they  appeaf 
tQ  the  tranfadtions  of  the  parliament, 
to  fhf  w  the  fentiments  of  the  nation, 
of  the  loyalty  of  the  people  of  the  pro<T 

vince^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6gi  Great  ^tmper  dif^ayed. 

jnftljr  tffrffl)   that  their 


good  difpoTitibn  irndert  a  tanding  ar- 
my  pecdieftj  They  ftirther  declare, 
that  at  £ngli(hmen  they  have  an  a?er- 
^on  to  an  unnecelTary  landing  arm3r^ 
which  they  look  upon  as  dangerous  to 
their  civil  iiberty.  And  further,  that 
Che  time  may  come  when  an  united 
l»ody  of  penfioners  and  foldiers  may 
ruin  the  liberties  of  America.  Yet 
conildering  the  invaluable  blefling  and 
bappy  confequences  6f  peace  and  good 
order,  and  the  great  jidvantages  re- 
fttlting  therefrom,  for  producing  con- 
vincing  argomentt,  and  placing  truth 
in  the  mo4t  confpicuous  point  of  riewi 
and  aifo  coniidering  the  horrible  na* 
ture  and  dreadful  confequences  of  tu* 
mult  and  diforder,  we  think  it  oui" 
duty,  as  friends  to  our  common  caufe, 
as  embarked  in  the  fame  bottom  of 
proTincial  happinefs>^  to  give  our  free 
and  fincere  advice*  not  in  an  authori- 
tative, but  merely  a  friendly  manner^ 
that  we  (hould  all  of  us  compofe  our 
nsinds,  and  avoid  any  undue  expreffion 
of  refentraent,  and  ^ach  one  of  us 
prevent,  fo  much  as  in  him  lies,  all 
tumults  and  diforders  into  which  our 
prtfent  calamities  may  betray  us  \  and 
t&  attend  with  all  due  patience,  and  a 
regard  to  good  order,  the  refultof  his 
inajefty*s  wifdom  and  clemency,  from 
which  we  reafonably  expe6t  to  recdve 
<nir  much  defired  relief.  And  it  is' 
pur  firm  refolution,  in  our  feveral  fta- 
tions,  as  by  our  alk^iaace  required, 
and  by  our  loyalty  inclined,  at  all 
times  to  yield  every  poifible  ailiftance 
to  the  civil  magiftratc,  in  the  fuppref- 
$oD  of  riots  and  tumults,  and  in  pre* 
Icrving  the  peace  5  being  humbly  of 
opinion,  that  the  Foffe  Cofmtatus^ 
when  legally  called  in  aid  of  the  civil 
power,  will  ever  be  fufjicient  to  re- 
ftrain  all  orders  of  men  within  the 
bounds  of  the  law,  and  the  limits  of 
the  coniiitution.  We,  from  the  bot- 
torn  of  our  hearts,  not  onW  difclaim 
and  deteft  all  pretences  of^ufurping 
any  of  the  rights  of  fovereignty,  but 
a|(o  of  arrogating  to  ourielves  any 
the  leaft  authority  whatever.  Wc 
clearly  hold,  and  whenever  lawfully 
called  thereunto,  will  at  the  utmoft 
hazard  of  our  lives  and  fortunes  main- 
tain, tljat  the  ^*  fovereignty"  of  Mr 
moft  facred  majefty  King  George  the 
Third  is  already  "  entire*'  in  an  part^ 
f  f  (he  wi4ely  extended  and  ftiil  hap^- 


pily  Arcadihg  Bnrifc  empire:  Ajia 
may  God  forbid  that  wc  flioald  ever 
once  be  left  to  think  or  wi(h,  muc^ 
lefsto  aft  any  thing  in  *•  oppugnation" 
<>f  the  lime.  «•  fgnorance  of  the  law" 
neither  in  a  court  temporal  or  fptricnaf, 
is  a  proper  ««  plea'*  or  ««  excure,"* 
We  would  app^r  not  as  attorneys, 
proftors  or  pettyfoggers,  but  as  (dain 
honeft  men,  humbly  con ful ting  peace 
and  order,  and  for  the  beft  temporit 
felicity  of  our  country  and  of  poilertty. 
We  would  wi(h,  as  far  as  la  in  oor 
power,  ever  to  promote  and  cultivate 
that  harmony  and  union  betvreea 
Great  Britain  and  her  colonies^  oa 
which  the  happinefs  of  both  fo  mock 
depend.  We  think  oUffelves  happy 
in  being  connefted  with  the  parent 
ftate,  in  that  fubordination  which 
forms  the  happieft  bond  of  unioo  be- 
tween the  colonies  themfelves.  Wc 
have  been  taught,  that  it  is  the  duty 
of  all  men  incel&ntly  to  implore  the 
throne  of  heavenly  grace  ;  amd  hate 
but  lately  heard  there  are  thofe  who 
deem  it  criminal  for  aggrieved  fellow 
fubjefts  to  join  in  humble,  dutifolj 
and  loyal  fupplications  to  their  mo- 
narch. Whne  the  people  wifely  oh- 
fei-ve  the  medium  between  an  ab]ed 
ibbmifllon  and  a  (lavifh  ftupidity,  un- 
der  grievous  oppreilion  on  the  one 
hand,  and  irrational  attempu  to  ob- 
tain redrefs  on  the  other,  and  fteadi- 
ly  pcrfeverc  in  orderly  and  conftitu- 
tfonal  applicartions  for  the  recovering 
the  exercife  of  their  |uft  righu  and  li- 
berties, they  may  promife  themfelves 
fuccefs.  And  while  they  ^tdfMj 
maintain  thofe  invaluable  bleiUngt 
which  are  derived  to  them  from  God 
and  nature,  and  the  happy  conftito- 
tion  of  the  government  under  which 
we  live,  they  may  fafely  rely  qh  the 
influence  and  diredion  of  hi»  ^d^Ki 
ruleth  according  to  his  plea(yre,  'mQi 
unerring  wifdom  and  irreiiftablt  influ- 
fnce^  in  the  hearts  of*  the  cbildrdi  of 
men ;  under  whofe  favour  no  joie- 
vance  can  be  durable,  and  wiobut 
which  no  enjoymenf  can  be  tn^  t^ 
luable.  ' 

from  thi  MaaaAcifrusiTTs  Gazette 

^Thurfday,  Odober  6,  1768. 

At  aJuU  Meeting  rf  the  InluAkedds  ff 

thfUvivu  9fH3Xfit\A^  Sept.  ss,  ly^S. 

AIl£TT£H  fVoiii  the  felea-men  of' 
the  town  of  B^(nirto|^nlSel'  inth 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


he  votes  pafTed  by  the  faid  tovm  the 
2th  and  13th  inft.  was  by  the  fclc6t- 
len  cemmwnicatcd  to  this  town, 
i\)\ch  being  read,  calmly  and  fully  de- 
t berated  and  confidered,  the  c^ueftion 
/as  then  put  by  the  moderator,  wbe- 
her  this  town  will  chafe  any  perfoa 
r  perfons  a  committee  to  meet  in  con- 
ention  with  others  in  Bofton,  as  pro- 
ofed in  the  faid  letter?  and  it  pafTed 
nanimoufly  in  the  negative.  It  was 
len  movea  and  feconded,  that  the 
leeting  would  chufe  a  committee  to 
repare  an  anfwrcr  to  the  felecl-men  of* 
lofton,  to  he  laid  before  this  town 
>r  their  confideration  at  the  time  to 
hich  this  meetipg.fhall  be  adjourned : 
r  paffed  unanimoufly  in  the  afHrma- 
ve.  A  committee  was  jchofe  ac-, 
srdingly,  and  thetl  the  meeting  ad- 
mmed  tilt  to-morrow  at  five  o'clock 
I  the  af(ernoon. 

Sept.  23.    The  inhabitants    being, 
Temblcd  agreeable  to  adjournment, 


jtnfwer  of  the  ^own  of  Hatfield 


^93 

vince  at  the  court  of  Great  Britain  to 
prefcnt  it,  we  prcfume  you  very  well 
know,  if  it  he  an  impolitic  and  im- 
prudent  omiflion,  where  to  lay  th« 
blame  5  and  we  apprehend  that  nothing 
that  can  or  will  be  done  by  your  pr6« 
pofed  convention  can  or  will  aid  the 
petition. 

And  here  we  beg  leav^e  to  fay,  that 
we  judge  that  it  would  bt  much  for  the 
intereft  of  this  province  to  have  an 
agent  at  this  critical  day  :  A  perfon 
that  would  have  fcrvcd  us  faithfully, 
We  make  no  doubt,,  might  have  been 
found  5  but  the  reafons  given,  and  the 
methods  that  we  bear  have  been  taken- 
to  prevent  it,  are  diflatisfadlory,  ani 
give  us  much  uneaiinefs. 

We  are  further  informed,  that  all 
matters  of  a  public  and  private  nature 
lying  before  the  laft  general  court 
were  fully  confidered  and^^ed  upon^ 
and  all  then  propofed  to  be  done^  and 
finiflicd  before  the  adjournment,  except 


le  committee  appointed  yeftcrday  ?-e-.    the  impeachmtnt  of  his  majefty's  re 
Drt,  which  being  repeatedly  read  apd     prefentative,  which  perhaps  might  not 


ily  confidered,  was  accepted,  and 
len  unanimoufly  refolved,  that  the 
llowing  anfwer  be  fent  by  the  feleft- 
en  as  foofk  as  may  be  to  the  fel.e6t-Ji)ea 
'  the  ^own  of  fiofton  : 

Genie  men, 
WE  have  Fully  confidered  your  pro- 
>fal  of  a  convention,  and  the  reatons 
•u  are  pJeafed  to  aflign  for  it,  and 
reby  take  the  liberty  to  exprelk  our 
itiraents. 

We  .arc  not  fenfiblc  that  the  ftaie  ' 
America  is  fo  alarming,  or  the  (late  • 
this  province  to  materially  different 
►m  what  they  were  a  few  months 
ce,  as  to  render  the  meafure.  you 
3pofe  either  falutary  or  neceflary.— 
le  aft  of  parliament  for  raifing  a 
'enue,  fo  much  complained  of,  has 
;n  in  being  and  carrying  into  exe- 
ion  for  a  coo^derable  time  pad, 
i  proper  fteps  taken  by  feveral  go- 
aments  on  this  continent  to  ob- 
1  redrefs  of  that  grievance,  apd 
nble  petitions  by  them  ordered  to 
prefented  to  his  majefty,  we  truft, 
'^e  already,  or  foon  will  reach  the 
al  ear,  be  gracioufly  received, 
i  favourably  anfwered;  and  the 
Itioir  from  the  houfc  of  repre- 
tatives  of  this  province  the  laft 
r  among  the  reft  :  If  it  (hould  not, 
want  of  an  agent  from  this  pro- 


have  been  agreed  to  had  they  lat  loo- 
ger,  or  not  been  afterwards  diiToIved, 
We  are  forry  for  that  circumftance 
that  occafioncd  fo  early  a  dillolution 
of  the  general  coujt  5  though  we  rauft 
own  that  the  governor  by  charter  is 
yefted  with  that  power,  yet  we  wifh, 
if  he  had  judged  it  confident  with  his 
duty  to  the  king,  ilhad  been  as  ufuahs 
However,,  we  hope  another  will  be 
foon  called,  ox  at  furthcft  on  the  laft 
Wcdntfday  in  Mayncxt,— anV.,  that 
in  the  mean  time  the  public  affairs  of 
the  province  will  not  greatly  fufFer. 

And  he;re  we  propofc  to  your  confi* 
deration,  whether  the  circular  letter^ 
which  gave  fuch  umbrage,  containing 
thcfe  expreflions,  or  others  of  the  like 
import,  *'  That  the  king  and  parlia- 
ment, by  the  late  revenue  aftj  had  . 
infringed  the  rights  of  the  colpniet, . 
impofcd  an  inequitable  tax,  and  things 
yet  worfe  might  be  expcfted  from  the 
independance,"and  unlimited  appoint* 
ments  of  ctown  officers  therein  men* 
tioned,''  was  fo  perfeftly  innocent, 
and  entirely  confident  with  that  duty 
and  loyalty  profcffcd  by  the  houfe  of  re- 
prefentatives  the  laft  year,  in  their  peti- 
tion to  his  majcftyj  and  whether  the  laft 
houfe  might  not  have  complied  with  his 
majefty^s  reqnifitlon,  with  a  full  faving 
of  all  their  rights  and  privileges,  and 

thereby 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


694 

thereby  presented  cixr  being  deftitute 
of  a  general  court  at  this  day. 

Wc  cannot  comprehend  what  pre- 
tence there  can  be  for  the  propofed 
convention,  unlefs  the  probability  of 
a  confiderable  number  of  regular 
troops  being  fent  into  this  province, 
and  an  apprehendon  of  their  beinf 
quartered,  part  in  your  town,  and. 
part  at  the  caftle. — And  here  we 
would  obferve,  that  it  was  a  matter 
of  doubt  and  uncertainty  whether  any 
were  coming  or  not;  if  otherwifc, 
for  what  purpofe  the  king  was  fend- 
ing them,  whether  for  your  defence 
in  cafe  of  a  French  war,  (as  you  tell 
US  there  is  in  the  minds  of  many  a  pre- 
vailing apprehenfion  of  one  approach- 
ing, and  if  we  do  not  mifuncferftand 
your  letter,  induced  them  to  pafs  the 
votes  tranfmitted  to  us,)  or  whether 
they  are  deftined  for  the  prote^lion  of 
the  new-acquired  territories,  is  altoge- 
ther uncertain  :  That  thev  are  to  be 
a  ftanding  army  in  time  of  peace  you 
give  us  no  evidence  ;  and  it  your  aj)- 
prehenfions  are  well  grounded,  it  is 
not  even  fuppofable  they  are  intended 
as  fuch-— and  if  your  town  meant  fin- 
cerely,  we  cannot  fee  the  need  they 
had  of  interpoiing  in  military  mat- 
ters, in  an  unprecedented  way  requef- 
ting  their  inhabitants  to  be  provided 
with  arms,  &c.  (a  matter  till  now  al- 
ways fuppofed  to  belong  to  another 
department)  cfpccially  as  they  muft 
know  fuch  a  number  of  troops  would 
be  a  much  better  defence  in  cafe  of 
war  than  they  had  heretofore  been 
favoured  with  :  To  fuppofe  what  you 
furmife  they  may  be  intended  for,  is 
to  mtl^ruft  the  king^s  paternal  care 
and  goodnefs ;— if  by  any  fudden  ex- 
curiions  or  infurre^iofts  of  fome  in- 
conftderate  people,  the  king  has  been 
induced  to  think  them  a  neceffary 
check  upon  you,  we  hope  you  will, 
by  your  loyalty  and  qUiet  behaviour, 
foon  convince  his  majelly  and  the 
world,  they  are  not  longer  neceflary 
for  that  purpofe^  that  thereupon  they 
will  be  withdrawn,  and  your  town  and 
the  province  faved  any  turther  trouble 
and  expence  from  that  qu'arter. 

We  are  fenfible  the  colonies  labour 
under  many  difficulties,  and  wc  great- 
ly fear  whAt  the  confequences  of  the 
difputes  with  our  mother  country  will 
prove  f   hgwever,    we   art   far  from 


A    1)    D    R    E    S    S. 


App. 

thinking  the  meafures  you  are  purfu- 
ing  have  any  tendency  to  deliver  the 
good  people  of  this  province,  but,  oa 
tne  contrary,  immerge  them  in  great- 
er $<— after  all,  we  (hould  hope  (were 
it  not  for  your  prefent  attempt,  at* 
tended  with  a  bad  completion)  we 
might  foon  have  deliverance  from  our 
prefent  troubles,  and  things  reftored 
as  at  the  firft.  The  governments  have 
in  our  ot>inion,  confolted,  aod  are 
purfuing  the  jpropereft  methods  to 
obtain  redrefs  ot  their  grievances;  our 
duty  is  to  wait  with  patience  the 
event,  unlefs  we  are  determined  to 
take  the  alternative.  How  far  paffion 
tnd  difappointment  and  private  re- 
fentment  may  influence  any  to  hurry 
their  neighlxiurs  into  fuch  mad  and 
defperate  meafures  we  do  not  know, 
but  pray  God  prevent.  Suffer  us  to 
obferve,  that  in  our  opinion  the  mea- 
fures the  town  of  Bofton  are, purfuing, 
and  propofing  to  us  and  the  people  of 
this  province  to  unite  in^  are  uocon. 
ftitutional,  illegal,  and  wholly  unjof. 
tifiable,  and  what  will  give  the  enemies 
of  our  conttitution  the  greateft  \Qf  ^ 
fubverfive  of  government,  deftru&ve 
of  that  peace  and  ^ood  order  which 
is  the  cement  of  fbciety,  and  have  a 
dire^i  tendency  to  rivet  our  chains, 
and  deprive  us  of  our  charter  rights . 
and  privileges,  which  we  the  inhabi- 
tants of  this  town  defire  miy  be  fecur- 
ed  to  us,  and  perpetuated  to  our  lat« 
efl:  poftenty. 

Thus  we  have  freely  exprefled  cor 
fentiments,  having  an  equal  right 
with  others,  though  a  lefler  oart  of 
the  community,  and  take  this  firfl  op« 
portunity  to  proteft  againft  the  pn>« 
pofed  convention^— and  hereby  de» 
clare  our  loyalty  to  his  prefent  nu- 
jefty,  and  fidelity  to  our  country,  and 
that  it  is  our  firm  refolution,  to  the 
utmoft  of  our  power,  to  maintain  and 
defend  our  rights  in  every  prudent  and 
reafonable  way,  as  far  as  is  confident 
with  our  duty  to  God  and  the  kinr. 
Atteft. 
Olivkh  Partridge,  Town.CL 

Bofton,  New-England,  oa.  ji.  Laft 
Friday  the  following  addrefs  was  pre- 
fented  to  Gen.  Gage,  by  feveraf  sea- 
tlemen  of  the  council,  in  behalf  of 
themfelves,  and  the  other  members 
who  fubfciibed  to  it  being  ail  that  were 
prefent  s 

To 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


768. 


1*0    GiMER  AI.    GAOt; 


^95 


'to  hii  excellency  Gen.  Gage,  com- 
lander  in  chief  of  hit  majcfty's  forced 
i  America. 

The  addreis  of  the  fubfcriberij 
lerobers  of  his  majefty's  council  of 
he  province  of  the  Maflachufeti- 
lay.  , 

SIR. 

A  general  coilncil  being  held  yefter- 
ay,  gives  the  diftant  members  of  it» 
ogether  with  the  members  in  the  toWii 
nd  neighbourhood,  the  pleaiure  of 
ddrefTmg  yOu.  We  take  the  firft  oD- 
•ortunity  of  doing  it,  and  at  tne 
ime  time  to  pay  our  compliments  to 
•our  excellency. 

In  this  time  of  (iublic  didrefs,  wheh 
be  general  court  of  the  province  is  in 

date  of  difTolution,  when  the  me- 
ropoiis  is  pofll iTed  with  troops,  and 
urrouuded  by  (hips  of  war,  and  when 
nore  troops  are  daily  expe^ed,  it  kf- 
ords  a  genera]  fatisfadlion  that  your 
excellency  has  vifited  the  province^ 
nd  has  now  an  opportunity  of  know- 
rg  the  ftate  Of  it  by  your  obfervation 
md  enquiry. 

Your  own  obfervation  will  give  ydu 
he  fulled  evidence  that  the  town  ihd 
»<  ovince  are  in  a  peaceful  Itate.  Your 
»wn  enquiry  will  fatisfy  you,  that  tho* 
here  have  been  difordefs  in  the  tdwn 
)f  Bollon,  fome  of  them  did  not  merit 
lotice,  and  that  fuch  as  didi  have 
een  magnified  beyond  the  truths 

Thofeof  the  iSthof  March  and  toth 
•f  June,  are  faid  to  have  occafiohed 
he  abovementioned  armament  to  be 
irdered  hither;  the  firft  was  trivial, 
nd  could  not  have  been  noticea  to 
he  difadvaritage  of  the  town,  but  by 
»erfons  inimical  lb  it,  efpecialiy  ?t8  it 
app^ned  in  the  evening  of  a  day  of 
ecieatiortl  the  other. was  criminal, 
nd  the  a^ors  iii  it  were  guilty  of  a 
iot,  but  we  are  obliged  to  fay,  it  had 
ts  rife  from  thofe  perfons  who  are 
3udelt  in  their  coiliplaiiits  about  it,' 
nd  by  their  Overchafged  reprefenta- 
ions  of  it,  have  been  the  dccailon  of 
b  great  an  armament  being  ordered 
tither  ;^  we  cannot  perfuade  oui  (^Ives 
o  believe,  they  have  fufficient  evi- 
ejice  to  fupport  fuch  rcprcfcntatiorts 
^hich  have  mod  unjuflly  brought  into 
[ueilion  th^  loyalty  of  as  loyal  a  peo- 
fleas  any  in  his  maje(ly*s  dominions. 

This  mHfortune  has  nrifen  from  the 
ccufation  of  interefted  men,  whofe 
ivarice    having    fmothered    ia  tkeir 

App.  176^ 


breads  every  fentinleiit  ot'htlminity  to. 
wards  this  province,  has  impelled 
them  to  opprefs  it  to  the  utmoft  of 
their  power,  and  by  the  confequence 
of  that  opprcdion,  elTentiallJr  to  ihjurd 
Great  Britain. 

From  the  candout-  of  ^oiir  feitcfel- 
lency's  fentiments,  we  affure  oiirfelvea 
you  will  not  entertain  any  apprehenfioii 
that  we  meah  to  judify  the  diforders 
and  riotous  proceedings  that  Hive  takeii 
place  in  the  town  of  Bodon  5  we  deleft 
them,  and  have  J-epcatedly  and  pub- 
licly exprefled  that  detedation,  and  iii 
council  have  acjvifed  Governor  Ber- 
nard to  order  the  attorney-general  to 
torofecute  the  perpetrators  of  them  $ 
DUr,  at  the  fame  time,  we  are  obliged 
to  declare,  in  judice  to  the  town,  that 
the  diforders  of  the  idth  of  June  lad, 
occaHoned  by  a  fei2ure  made  by  the 
odicersof  the  cudoms,  a|)pearto  have 
originated  with  thdfe  who  ordered  the 
ioizure  to  be  made ;  the  hour  at  mak- 
ing the  feizure  at  or  near  fun  fet,  the 
threats  and  armed  force  ufed  in  it,  the 
forcibly  carrying  the  vefTcl  away,  and 
all  in  a  manner  unprecedented  and 
calculated  to  irritate  judly  the  appre* 
henfion  that  the  feizure  was  accom- 
panied with  thofe  e^ttraordinary  cir- 
cumdances,  in  order  to  excite  a  rioti 
and  furnifli  plaufible  pretences  for  re- 
quiring troops  a  day  or  two  after  the 
riot  5  and,  as,  if  in  pirofecuiion  of  ibji 
lad  mentioned  purpofe,  notwithtt.md- 
ing  there  was  not  the  lead  infult  oifer- 
H  b  the  commilTioners  of  the  cudom?|^ 
either  in  their  perfons  or  property, 
they  thought  fit  to  retire  on  the  pre- 
tence  of  fecurity  to  thcmfclves,  on 
board  the  Romney  man  of  war,  and  af- 
terwards to  Cadle  William  :  and  whert 
theref,  to  keep  up  the  idea  of  their  be- 
ing dill  in  great  hazard,  procured  the 
Romney,  and  feveral  other  veflcU  of 
war  to  be  datioried,  as  if  to  prevent 
an  attack  upon  the  cadle,  which  they 
affeftcd  to  be  afraid  of. 

Thefe  proceedings  hive  doubtlefi 
taken  place,  to  induce  a  belief  among 
the  omcers  of  the  navy  and  army,  a« 
they  occafionally  cime  hither,  that 
the  comnjiflioncrs  were  in  danger  of 
being  attacked,  and  procure  from  thofe 
ofHccfs  rcprcfcntatiorts  coincident  with 
their  dwn,  that  they  really  were  fo*$ 
but  their  frec^uent  landing  on  the 
main,  and  making  incurftons  into  the 
country,  where  it  would  hare  6ee»4 
4  T  eaiy 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


€g€ 


The  Gemeral^s  Answer; 


ea(y  to  feize  them,  if  any  injury  had 
been  intended,  dehionftrates  the  infin- 
cerity  of  the  declarations,  that  they 
immured  themfelvei  at  the  caftle  for 
fafety  $  this  it  rather  to  be  accounted 
for,  as  being  an  eiTentia]  part  of  the 
concerted  plan  for  procuring  troopt 
to  be  quartered  here,  in  which  they 
and  their  coadjutors  have  fucceeded 
to  their  wifh,  but  unhappily  for  the 
mutual  detriment  and  uneafinefs  of 
both  countries. 

We  thought  it  abfolutely  neccflary, 
and  our  duty  to  the  town  and  province 
requires  us,  to  give  your  excellency 
this  detail,  that  you  might  know  the 
fentiments  of  this  people,  and  that 
they  think  themfelves  injured  by  men 
to  whom  they  have  done  no  injury. 
From  the  juftnefs  of  your  excellency 
we  afTurc  ourfclves,  your  mind  will 
not  admit  impreflions  to  their  dif- 
advantage,  from  peffons  who  have 
done  the  injury. 

Your  excellency  in  your  letter  to 
Governor  Bernard,  of  the  nth  of  Sep- 
tember, gave  notice  that  one  of  the 
regiments  from  Halifax,  was  ordered, 
for  the  prefent,^  to  Caftle  William, 
and  the  other  to  the  town,  but  you 
was  pleafed  afterwards  to  order  them 
into  the  town. 

If  your  excellency,  wl\en  you  know 
the  town,  which  we  can  afTure  you  is 
quite  peaceable,  (hould  think  his  ma- 
Jefty's  fcrvice  does  not  require  thofe 
regiments  to  continue  in  the  town,  it 
will  be  a  great  eafe  and  fatisfa6tion  to 
the  inhabitants,  if  you  will  pleafe  to 
order  them  to  Caftle  William,  where 
commodious  barracks  are  provided 
for  their  reception,  or  to  Point  Shirley 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  it,  in  ei- 
ther of  which,  or  in  both,  they  can 
be  we)!  accommodated. 

As  to  the  two  regiments  expedled 
here  from  Ireland,  it  appears  from 
Lord  Hilfborough's  letter  of  the  30th 
of  J"ly>  they  were  intended  for  a  dif- 
ferent part  of  North  America. 

If  your  excellency  (hould  think  it 
not  inconfiftent  with  his  majcfty's  fer- 
vicf  that  they  fliould  be  fcnt  to  the 
place  of  their  firit  deftination,  it  will 
contribute  to  the  cafe  and  happinefs  of 
the  town  and  province  if  they  might 
be  ordered  thither. 

As  we  are  true  and  faithful  fubjed^s 
of  his  majefty,  have  an  affectionate  re- 
gard for    the    mother  coimtrfj    and 


a    tender  feeling  for  onr  own,  o«f 
duty  to  each  of  them  makes  us  inlb, 
and  we  carneftly  beg  your  excellency 
to  make    a    full    enquiry    into   tke 
diforders    abovementionft),    into   the 
caufes  of  them,  and  the  reprefentattons 
that  have  been  made  about  them  5  id 
doing  which  your  excellepcy  will  eifily 
difcover  who  are   the  perfons,  that 
from  lucrative  views  have   combmed 
againft  the  peace  of  the  town  and  pro. 
vincc,  feme  of  whom,  it  is  probable, 
have  difcovercd    themfelves    already, 
by  their  own  letter  to  your  excellency. 
In   making  enquiry,  tboush  many 
imprudencies  and  fome  criminal  pro- 
ceedings may  be  f6und  to  have  taken 
place,  we  arc  perfuaded  from  the  can- 
dor,   gencrofity,    and    jufticc    which 
diftinguifhtt  your  charatter,  your  ex- 
cellency will  not  charge  the  doings  of 
a  few  Individuals,  and  ihofc  of  an  in- 
ferior fort,  upon  the  town  and  pro- 
vince 5  and  with  regard  to  thofe  indi- 
viduals, if  any  circumftance  (hall  ap- 
pear  juftly  to  extenuate  the  criminality 
of  their  proceedings,  your  excellency 
will  let  them  have  their  efft€ts  i  and 
on  the  fame  candor  and  generoiity  we 
can  rely,  that  your  excellency*!  repre- 
fentation  of  this  affair  to  his  majefty*s 
minifters  will  be  fuch  as  even  the  cri- 
minals themfelves  will   allow  to   be 
juft. 

Signed, 
y.  Danfortb,  G.  Bradford,    J,  Badhurj, 
J.WU,  r.  Hubbard.    R.  TjUr/ 

7.  Royal,        N,  Sparbanuk,  S,  »7fiu 
L  Erviftg,     H.  Grey,  J,  Pitts, 

J.  Bowdon,    y.  Rufell,        S.  Dexter, 
Bofton,  06h  27, 

To  the  foregoing  addrefs,  the  ge- 
neral gave  the  tollowing  anfwer  s 

G£NTL£VfEN, 

I  return  you  thanks  for  the  honour 
you  do  me  in  this  addrefs,  and  am 
greatly  obliged  for  the  good  opinion 
you  arc  pleafed  to  conceive  of  me. 

Whatever  may  have  been  the  parti- 
cular caufe  of  the  diftrurbances  and  ri- 
ots which  have  happened  in  the  town 
of  Bofton,  thofe  riots  and  refotves 
which  were  publithed,  have  induced 
his  majefty  to  order  four  regiments  to 
this  town  to  protc^  his  loyal  fubjeds 
in  their  perfons  and  properties,  and 
to  afl^ft  the  civil  tnagiftrate  in  the  exe- 
cution of  the  laws. 

The  diicipliAc  and  orcier  which  will 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'"1768.  EcUpfesfor  iy6g  calculated. 

be  prefervcd  among  the  troops,  I  truft,     ^b>ch  I  flatter  royfclf 

will  render  their  ftay  in  no  (hapc  dif- 

refpeaful  to  his  majcfty's  dutiful  fub- 

jca*  in  this  town,  and  that  the  future 

behaviour  of  the  people  will  juftify  the 

bcft  conftruftion  of  their  paft  aftions, 


697 

,. —   ..ill  be  (uch  a« 

to  afford  me  a  fufficient  foundation  to 
reprcfent  to  his  majefty  the  propriety 
^f  withdrawing  moft  part  of  the  troops. 

Signed, 
,    Bofton,  Oa.  i7.     Thomas  Gage. 


TbeTtfiHe  Ecihfes  fir  the  Ytar  1769,    calculandhy  7»fr..  William  Chapman,   rf 
Foxton  in  Leicefterfliire. 


ON  June  the  4tli  in  the  morn- 
ing the  fun  will  be  vifibly 
eclipfed  at  foxton,  as  under  calcu- 
lated  from  the  Durham  Tables 

Apparent  time  at  Foxton. 

H.   M.    S. 


Beginning 

6     35 

17 

Vifible  £ 

7     a6 

54 

Middle 

7     *7 

17 

End 

8     as 

47 

Duration 

"     *7. 

20 

Pigits 

^'*  46' 

On  December  the  13th  in  the 
morning  the  moon  will  be  eclip- 
fed as  under,  calculated  from  the 
Durham  Tables. 


Apparent  time  at  Foxton. 

H.    M.    S. 
Beginning  in  morning 
Middle 
End 

Duration 
Digits  -        - 


4  53  50 

6  14  50 

7  35  50 
a  42  o 


In  the  year  1769,  on  June  the  3d,  m  the  afternoon,  the  planet  Venus  will 
pafs  over  the  fun,  as  under,  from  different  tables. 
Apparent  time  at  London  u-n— »-  -^^i- 

Firft  contact 
Central  ingrefs. 
Total  immerfion 

Ec.   6  -        . 

Middle 

Beginning  of  emerfion 

Central  egrefs 

Laft  contact 

Sun  fet 

From  nin  fet  to  firft  contaft 

)(eareft  approach  of  the  centers 


Halley  s  Tables. 
H.   M.    S. 

59 
la 

14 
14 
44 
«4 
16 


7  *3 

7  3» 

7  41 
10  13 
JO  35 
13  3«> 
13  39 
'3  47 

8  5 


18 


Leadbetter*s  Tables. 

If,   M.  S. 

7     «o  59 

7     «9  ^7 

7     38  %^ 

10     10  29 

10     3ft  59 

13     27  29 

13     36  31 

n  44  59 


o     36     29 
<»       9     5J 


4T  a 


June 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tranfit  tf  Venus  caladate^. 


App; 


Junt  the  ^d  in  the  aftemoon,  the  tranCt 
pf  Vcnui  for  London,  with  parallaxei  froin 
Hatfcy's  Tablci. 


Apparent  time  at  London. 

U- 

Central  ingreft  in  afternoon  7 

Middle  -  •  10 

Central  egf c^  -  -      >  3 

Sun  fet  *  "  % 


M. 
35 


S. 

5^ 
54 
%% 


June  the  4th  in  morning,  the  tranfit  of 
Venus  for  Manilla,  witH  parallaxes  firoa 
Halley't  Tablet. 

Apparent  time  at  Manilla. 

Centnaingrefi  .               3  33  4» 

Middle              ..  •                6  36  4A 

Central  egrefa  -             9  41  18 

Sunriiy               •  ,        -          ^  35  ,, 


June  the  3d  in  the  afternoon,  the  tranSt 
of  Venus  with  paraHaxes  for  B<^oa  in  New 
EngUnd,  from  Halley's  Tables. 

Apparent  time  at  Bo((on. 

H.    M.    S, 


Central  ingrels 
Middle 
Pentral  e^efs 


*     4^     «4 
«      36     44 

^     4«      if 


June  the  3d  in  the  afternoon*  the  tranlit  of 
Venus  for  Peterfburg,  with  parallaxes  from 
Halley's  Tables.       V 


Apparent  t^mc 

at  Betcxfr^rg, 

H. 

M. 

S. 

Central  ingrcls 

9 

a? 

J^ 

Middle 

!»' 

36 

44. 

Central -egrefa 

>5 

45 

Sun  fet               - 

£  ' 

47 

Sun  rl<c 

57 

»5 

•      A^fe 

Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


ijes. 


liemnrksj  t^c.  pn  ibe  Tr(infii  of  Venus. 


Alfoiu  the 'year  1769,  on  November  the  *D 
^th  in  the  afternoon,    the    planet  Mercury       ' 
will  pafs  over  the  fun|  ai  under^  from  the 
Purham  Table. 

Apparent  time  %%  ^ftof|  in  Mew-England. 

H.    M.    $• 
Central  in^reft  -  *    37    4$ 

Middle  -  -  *        5     '5    ^3 

Central  egrefs  »        -  7     53       « 

Sun  fet  <r  <:  4-54    ^? 


ro  tbe  AUTHOR  rf  the  LONDON 
MAGAZINE. 
S  I  R, 

AS  tbe  famous  Tranfit  of  Venus 
over  the  Sun,  that  will  happen 
on  Saturday,  June  3»  A.  D.  176^, 
will  be  the  only  one  that  will  happen 
for  above  one  hundred  years»  I  pre* 
fume  the  following  defcription  aiid 
calculation  of  it,  will  be  agreeable  tq 
ibme  of  your  readers,  as  well  as  en- 
tertaining to  fome  of  your  agronomi- 
cal ones. 

This  ufeful  and  glorious  phacnome* 
non  will  only  part  be  vilible  (iPthe  air 
be  clear)  in  this  our  ifland  of  Great 
Britain,  as  appears  by  the  calculation 
below,  but  m  leveral  parts  of  the 
continent  of  America,  and  ifle$  adja- 
cent, the  whole  tranfit  may  be  feen ; 
(for  in  ^%^  27'  north  latitude,  and 
161^  19'  weft  longitude  from  Green- 
wich the  fun  is  vertical,  at  the  middU 
of  the  Tranfit,)  where  I  hope  the  fame 
will  be  accurately  obferfed,  in  order 
to  determine,  that  graqd  problem  of 
the  fun^s  true  horixpntal  parallax,  &c. 
This  curious  part  of  aftronomy,  was 
Quite  unknown  to  the  aftronomers  of 
ancient  times ;  the  firft  that  made  this 
difcovery,  was  the  famous  Mr.  Jeremy 
Horrox,  which  was  in  the  year  1639, 
tvhen  he  obferycd  this  very  fame 
pbnet  in  tbf  fun>  diik  ;  the  ice  being 
then  broke,  gave  yfzy  for  others  to  ob- 
ferve  the  like  appearances,  which  havf 
been  dueiv  attended  to  by  divers  cu- 
rious and  learned  gentlemen,  both  at 
liome  and  abroMJ  \  and  as  this  glorious 
and  rare  appearance  befiore  us,  will 
^ertainly  attract  the  pens  of   fevera] 

i 


able  and  curious  aftronomen,  and  ma- 
thematicians, to  contemplate  and 
write  upon  it;  therefore  needs  not 
fuch  a  weak  pen  as  mine,  to  fay  any 
thing  concerning  the  ufefulnefs  of  this* 
or  the  like  Tranfits }  but  I  (hall  only 
proceed  to  give  fome  account  of  the 
tables  from  whence  my  calculations  are 
founded,  (which  every  one  ought  to 
do,  if  they  mean  to  make  their  com- 
putations of  any  ufe)  and  what  altera- 
tions I  have  made* 

The  fun*s  place  was  taken  exa£l]y 
from  the  ubles  of  the  late  famous  To- 
bias Meyer  j  and  that  of  Venus  from 
thofe  of  Dr.  Halley,  only  I  have  put 
her  node  1'  forwarder,  and  that  of  her 
mcaq  longitude  6''.  I  have  here  alfo 
given  a  type  of  Venus's  pafTage  over 
the  fun,  with  refpe^k  tp  Greenwich, 
and  may  tolerably  ferve  throughout, 
the  whole  kingdom  §  the  vifible  way 
of  Y^^s  over  the  fun  wiW  not  be  in 
a  right  line,  as  fome  pretenders  to  af- 
tronomy have  often  drawn  in  types, 
but  in  a  curve,  .  and  in  this  Tranfit, 
it  will  be  convex  towards  the  fun. 
The  ingenious  Mr.  Cowpcr  of  Wel- 
lingborough \  and  Mr.  Langley  of 
Httchin,  are  the  only  two,  that  I 
have  ^fer  feen  of  late,  type  eclipfes 
&c.  trucly,  or  as  they  ought  to  be ; 
for  fome  years  ago  n?y  townfman, 
that  laborious  a^ronomer  Mr.  Edmund 
Weaver,  in  his  ephemcris,  drew  types 
much  better  than  any  one  befoie, 
which  is  alfo  hinted  in  the^oyal  aftro- 
nemer,  pa|;e  404.  Hence  foliows  the 
time  of  this  Tranftt  by  my  numbers, 
which  are  humbly  fubmitted  to  the 
f  }^an^inatio^  of  the  curious. 

The 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


yoo 


fbe  MONTHLY  CHR0N0LCX5ER, 


The  place  of  O  and  5  ^  at  the  tf 
D  13*28'  IS". 

Venus's    node    in    5f.   i8*    53'  6" 
)ier  geocentric  lat.  at  mid.  9'  50'' N.D. 
Sun*s   fcmidiajincter    15'  4S''  hour- 
ly motion  of  0  a'23"of  ?  3'57"i' 
JoDc  3,   17<^,     P.  M.  App.  Time 
Green w.         '"-  * 

Obf. 
H.  M.S. 

7  40  38 

890 
10  27  38 
|o  49  16 

'3  57  54. 
6  17  16 

o  28  21 


Begins 


App, 


O  47  49 


Central  ingrefs 

S«n  fcts 
True  conjuttdl. 
Wid.  of  the  Tt. 
Central  egrcfs 
Whole  duralion 
Time  of  its  be-  7 
«ig  fccn,        5 

Henry  Andrews* 
KeyftoD,  Hcrt-s  Oa.  28,  1768. 

N.  B^  AU  places  lying  caft  from  the 
Meridian  of  Greenwich,  the  Tranfit 
will  begin  later  $  and  all  to  the  well  it 
will  be  fooner  5  in  the  fame  proportion 
as  their  difference  of  time, 

P.  S.  Some  time  after  I  had  com- 
puted the  Tranfit  of  Venus  over  the 
ntn*s  diik,  I  accidentally  found  a  pa- 
per on  which  were  the  obfervations  of 
the  laft  Tranfit  in  1761,  made  by  Dr. 
Blifs  at  Greenwich  i  by  the  help  of 
which,  and  the  comparinj;  Dr,  Hal!cy*$ 
Iblar  tables  with  thoiie  Ia(t  correal  ones 
«>f  Mr.  Mayer,  I  find  that  the  enfuing 
Tranfit  will  happen  fooner  than  I  ex- 
pected, (for  an  error  of  but  10"  in 
cither  of  their  longitudes,  will  be  6}' 
in  time,  as  ^hc  hourly  motion  of  Ve- 
nus from  the  fun  is  but  1'  35")  theisc- 
fore  I  defire  thofe  gentlemen  who  in- 


Ends 


tend  to  make  accurate  and  jnft  obfcr<« 
vations,  to  look  out  foon  enough  for 
it,  for  I  am  almoft  confident  that  the 
firft  coAtaA  of  Venus's  limb  to  that  of 
the  fun*S|  will  not  exceed  eight  mi- 
nutes paft  feven  at  the  Royal  Obferva- 
tory  at  Greenwich  5- --and  before  \ 
end  this  remark,  I  cannot  help  men- 
tioning that  I  rejoice  whilft  I  write 
this,  to  hear  of  fo  many  worthy  gen- 
tlemen concurring  with,  the  noble 
views  of  the  Royal  Society,  in  order 
to  hav£  good  and  accurate  obferva* 
tfons  made,  and  thereby  promotini^ 
altrcnomy  and  geography,  on  which 
navigation  fo  greatly  depends, 

|{:3^  For  proper  cautions  and  me- 
thods for  making  good  obfervations, 
fee  the  Nautical  £phemen$  for  1769. 


THE  MONTHLY  CHRONOLQGER. 


Saturday*  Nov.  19* 
W%^^  Y  the  fall  of  the  party-waUi  of 
a^'^'^^Q  the  duke  of    Grafton's  new 
17    B    QT  *»<>*»^e  s»^  Hay- hill,  three  men 
J^  irSi  were  killed,  and  many  others 

^^^j^  bruifed,    or  had    their  Umhi 

Friday,  25. 

The  king  gave  the  royal  atTrnt  (o  the  bill 
for  prohibiting,  the  exportation  of  corn, 
ice.  &c. 

Mr.  Staples  Stesre,  was  fsntenccd  by  the 
court  of  King's-Bench,  to  three  moOthi  in- 
pri-onment,  tor  publiiliing  the  North  Briton 
extraordinary  N^.  4. 

MohDAV,    2S. 
$\.  Jsmf5*5.  The  Icing  inveftird  the  duke  of 
Roxbui-^h,  w.th  thccHfigr^tof  the  moil  noblQ 
and  muft  ancient  oidsr  or  ih^  TaifUe* 


WzomsDAY,  30. 

.  A  new  houle  was  confoaed  by  fire»  at 
Woodfoid-bridge. 

Thursday,  Dec.  I. 
By  the .  falling  of  an  excef&ve  quantity  of 
n^in,  |reat  damage  was  fuftained  near  Strat- 
ford and  60W  in  EflTex ;  the  floods*  indeed, 
fet  in  at  the  latter  end  of  Kovember,  and 
overflowed  the  banks  of  the  rivers  Trent, 
Derwent,  and  Dove ;  Nottinghamfliire,  Glou- 
cefter/hire,  Oxfordfliire,  Lincaflike,  CheOufe, 
Suffolk,  feverely  felt  the  el&ai  of  them,  mm 
did  many  parts  of  Kent,  and  the  lUao^  of 
Sbeepey  where  many  hiuadred  seres  were 
laid*  under  water,  and  the  roads  between 
Gravefend,  RocheAer,  and.  Chatham  were 
rendered  aloioft  ionpadable.  In  Berkihire, 
th^  baak*  of  the  Kennet  ajkd  X^oddco  wer« 

)UU^ 


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1^68.       The  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER;         70^ 


^uite  over  flowed.  In  ▼arioot  place*  many 
kivet  were  loft«  catle  and  Iheep  drown- 
ed, grain  and  bay  waflied  away,  and  the  in- 
habitants, in  general  reduced  to  the  greateft 
diftrefi.  Scotland  has  alfo  experienced  the 
baneful  cffeds  of  thefc  ratnt  and  floodi. 
Monday,  5. 

The  Exeter  ftage  coach  wai  overfet  by  the 
violence  of  the  watert,  near  Staines,  and 
four  infide  paiTengert,  two  children,  and 
four  horfes  drowned. 

Tuesday,  6* 

Mr.  Bingley  was  difcharged  from  hU  COB- 
inement,  upon  entering  into  recogniaancet. 
For  his  appeaiance  on  the  fir  ft  day  of  next 
term,  at  the  court   of  King's  Bench,  (fee 

The  young  pnncefs  (fee  p.  606.)  wat 
t>AptizedatSt.  James's  by  the  name  of  Sophia* 
^ugufta. 

Thursday,  8. 

Came  on  the  elecVion  at  Brentford  for  a 
member  for  the  county  of  Middlcfcx,  in  the 
oo-n  of  the  late  Mr.  Cook,  the  event  tf 
ivhich  is  related  at  p.  657,  and  we  fliall 
now  add,  that  one  Mr.  Clailce  having  died 
3f  the  wounds  received  on  that  occafion,  the 
:Qroners  inqueft  have  brought  in  his  death, 
^ilful  murder  by  pcrfons  unknown,  and  Mr, 
Serjeant  Glynn,  has  promifed  a  reward  for 
he  difcovery  of  the  rio'crs,  fome  of  whom 
ire  in  cuftody,  and  a  great  number  have  ab- 
sconded. 

Saturday,  io« 

Enced  the  feffions  at  the  Old  Bailey,  when 
Anne  Perrin,  for  returning  from  iranfpor- 
ation,  Elizabeth  Richardfon  for  murder  (Sec 
5.  670.)  John  FcrnalJ,  Thomas  Towell,  and 
iTharles  Crew  for  a  foorpad  robbery,  William 
Whiu,  for  horfe  ftealing,  and  John  Anthoay 
Vlanin,  for  burglary,  received  fentcnce  of 
leaih  :  One  was  fenienced  to  be  tranfported 
ur  fourteen  years,  twcni>-fix  for  feven  years, 
ive  to  be  whipped,  and.  two  branded. 
Sunday,   11. 

Grimfion  hall,  rear  York,  was  confumcd 
*y  fire. 

Wednesday,  14. 

The  poU  at  Brentford  was  refumed,  when 
It  the  clofc  of  the  poll,  the  numbers  were 
'or  Mr.  Sc'j.  Glynn,  li4» 

•or  Si/W.  B.Proaor  1*78 

kiajority  for  Mr.  Glyna  a64- 

vho  was  thereupon  declared  duly  elected. 
Saturday,  17. 

Two  houfes  were  cor.fumod   by   fire,    in 
^arrow-Hreet,  Lime-hou^e. 
Frjday,  a3* 

A  fugar-bakers  and.  two  other  houfes 
/ere  confumed.by  fire,  iu  upper  Thames* 
Ireet. 

The  earl  of  Upper-Oflary,  his  brother  the 
ipn.  Mr.  Fi'zpatrick,  acd  Charles  Fox,  Efqj 
»d  of  Lord  Holland,  fet  ooc  for  thf  feat  of 


Stephen  Fox,  £(qi  it  Winterflow,  ((e«.  p. 
608.)  to  aa  in  a  play  at  that  place !  Hew 
prodigioufly  our  nobility  and  gentry  are  refined 
in  the  prefent  century  1— Another  /gm  of  tit 
timet,  follows: 

A  farmer,  in  the  county  of  Berks,  lately 
gave  1  dinner  to  a  few  country  gentlemea^ 
which  coft  him  above  15*0  guineas  z  Befides 
all  forts  of  fowl,  wild  and  tame,  there  wat 
a  fine  turtle,  fi(h  of  feveral  kinds,  all  kinds 
of  fcarce  vegetables  brought  from  London* 
and  a  vaft  plenty  of  Champaigne,  Claro^ 
Hock,  Burgundy,  Madeira,  &c««0  7W- 
fora  !  0  Mora  I 

SATVaOAY,   14« 

A  fugar  baker*s  warehoufe,  and  dwelliftf 
houfe,  were  coafumed  by  fire,  in  Bafing-lant* 
Cheapfide. 

Lately  was  tried  in  hit  majefiy*s  court  of 
King^s  Bench,  before  the  right  hon.  WiU 
Ham  Lord  Mansfield,  an  indiAm^nt,  whicli 
had  been  removed  by  Certiorari  from  Hicka*s 
Hall,  wherein  Mr.  Freak,  an  eminent  grocer 
in  Wapping  wat  profecutor,  and  John  Jen- 
nings, John  Dudfield,  John  Gilbert,  and  Po* 
ter  Abraham  Debrefaae  were  defendants,  for 
winning  and  acquiring  to  themfelves  frona 
the  profecutor  in  Match  laft,  at  one  of  the 
defendant's  houfes,  who  was  then  a  publicao, 
250 hand  upwards,  by  fraud,  fhift,  cosenage, 
deceit.  Sec,  at  the  game  of  huflelling  in  the 
hat,  contrary  to  an  ad  of  parliament  in  the 
reign  of  her  late  majefty  Queen  Anne  againft 
unlawful  gsming;  when  alter  atrial  which 
lafted  near  feven  hours,  the  defendants  were 
found  guilty. 

The  ingenious  Dr.  Short,  well  known  for 
bis  curious  obfervations  on  the  air,  and  by 
his  hillory  of  mineral  waters,  remarks,  in  a 
late  letter  from  Rotherbam,  that  Cor  feventy 
years  paft,  in  the  courfe  of  his  journal  on 
the  weather  and  atm^pherf,  he  had  not  re- 
membered a  feafon  in  which  there  had  fell 
fuch  quantities  of  rain,  as  in  every  fummer 
for  the  four  laft  years. 

It  having  been  reprefented  to  t^e  king, 
that  the  front-door  and  pilaflers  of  the  houle 
of  Richard  Capet,  Efq;  in  B^rmondfey-fircet, 
Soutjbwark,  were  malicioufly  defaceti,  in  all 
appearance  by  carpenters  tools,  and  No.  45, 
in  large  figures,  marked  in  feveral  places  on 
the  front  of  the  faid  houfe  j  his  majefty's 
pardon  to  any  accomplice,  and  a  reward  by 
Mr.  Capel,  are  promii'ed  on  toe  difcovery  of 
the  offenders. 

Near  Lillburn,  two  miles  from  Wooler, 
was  lately  difcovered  a  curious  crofs.  There 
was  clofe  by  the  toad  fide  a  large  heap  of 
Aones,  called  the  apron  full  of  fioncs,  on  re- 
moving which  to  mend  the  highways,  the 
crofs  was  found  in  the  middle  j  it  is  of  t 
circular  form,  twelve  feet  diameter  at  the 
bottom,  has  four  ro we,  of  ftep.*,  each  a  tooz 
wide,  and  nine  inches  high.  Ic  fcems  to 
have  been  a  markoc-crofs,  but  there  are  no 
r«maiai  of  building  near  it,  nor  do  the  oldcfl 

people 


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fbi      tie  Monthly  chronologer.       Appj 


toeople  «f  that  place  ever  remember  to  hate 
lieard  it  mcbtioned. 

Sbipwreckt,  at  dfual,  at  this  gloomy  and 
Inclement  feaftfn^  hive  been  very  frequent 
on  our  coa(b,  and  elfcwhtre.  Marders  hire 
been  cenmitced  in  all  partt  of  the  kingdom  ) 
Ibicide  baa  keen  too  fre^ueht.  and  the  fooa 
ef  rapifie,  plooder,  fraud  and  deceit,  have 
Wo  remarkably  bufy  and  fucceftful;  but 
fiombers  of  thofe  hwlefi  gentry  are  now  in 
cttflody,  and  it  ia  hoped  will  meet  their  dt- 
lerts. 

A  captain  In  the  giiardi  hai  abfcondcd 
iipan  a  charge  of  an  unnatural  crimr»  by  a 
private  ccntrnely  vi^hom  he  had  conbned. 

At  an  inftance  of  the  decrcafe  of  popuU^ 
lion,  owing,  we  prcfuxe,  to  the  pemicions 

{traaice  of  engro/Ting  farmi  and  granting 
eafet  determinate  on  lives,  the  followingao- 
ccdote  (which  it  real  (*&)  will  evihce  : 

In  (he  paii/h  of  CoroWorthjr,  near  Totoef, 
in  Devon,  there  were  from  the  year  l$i% 
(the  JEr»  that  pari(h  regtHers  took  place  in 
thofe  parti)  marriages*  chrifteoiogs,  and 
boriali,  on  an  sTeroge,  to  1510,  36$  to 
1600,  30  i  to  1650,  2$)  to  ijoo^  %Of  to 
i-»o,  15;  to  17.0,  10 }  to  X75S.  t;  to 
17  65,  (the  year  tbia  accoum  w«t  taken)  no 
mote  than  4.  Moft  of  the  fmall  tenements 
and  farms,  by  the  deceafe  of  the 'old  live*, 
having  fallen  intO  the  lord  of  the  manors 
hands,  who  hat  lett  the  whole  to  one  or  two 
fubftantial  farmers,  the  rihage  now  exactly 
refemblet  a  place  that  had  iMdergone  a  fiege } 
ihere  being  above  Hfty  dWeHing-hoafes  and 
tot9,  at  dilTerent  places  io  the  pariOi,  with- 
out inhabitants,  and  tumble^  into  ruin. — 
There  are  many  fuch  inftancea  in  the  Weilero 
^rt  of  Ingland  at  this  time. 

On  the  fea  Acre  about  9t.  f  ves,  Sec.  among 
the  rocks,  5ec.  are  a  kind  of  fraall  infe^lt, 
#hich  to  iht  naked  eye  refemble  a  fleaj 
they  prey  on  mufcles,  which  they  dei^roy  in 
the  following  manner :  At  low  water  many 
of  tholie  Ihell  fifli  are  left  dry,  when  the 
ibove- mentioned  infeda  attark  the  mnCde 
in  a  body,  begintng  with  makrr.g  a  perfo- 
ration thiough  the  fteil;  this  ia  pettormed 
%ith  »m«zing  dexterity  \  and  then,  inftanta- 
Beoully,  a  whole  fquidton  enters  tbiough  the 
1  perture,  which  is  no  bigger  than  to  admit 
6f  a  large  pin.  On  opening  one  after  they 
had  quitted  it,  it^s  remarkable,  they  had 
or>iy  eat  the  fined  parts;  the  beards  and  grofl*- 
tfl  parts  were  untouched  ;  Alfo  on  opening  a 
found  one,  and  laying  it  on  the  ground,  it 
was  amasing  to  fee  in  how  little  time  it  was 
Covered  with  ihole  infed-  that  not  a  bit  of  it 
could  be  (ee«i,  and  houv  quickly  (as before)  de- 
iauie*.  In  what  manner  they  are  enabled 
to  make  a  hole  hroU|£h  fu  hard  a  body,  the 
gentleman  who  favoured  us  with  this  ac- 
count, having  no  microicope,  could  not  dif* 
ce^n. 

A  co^refpondent    wh«   has    bees   fome 


months  pall  in  the  weftero  parts  of  Cornwall 
obfervcs,  that  taking  a  walk  on  the  Dowds, 
Sec,  near  the  fea  at  Poltreath,  to  hb  great 
furpriic,  he  percei^-ed  tbegroaodthereaboiit  c^ 
▼ere^  with  innamerable  qoanticies  of  iaaib| 
u  thick  as  the  grains  of  Ice  after  a  finait 
fhower  of  hail  of  alt  fises,  from  being  icarce 
perceptible  to  the  bigneft  of  a  fm^U  pern- 
winkle.  Being  alarmed  at  fo  extraordxeary 
a  pbaenumenon,  and  fraring  it's  becoming  ge. 
neral  to  the  deaiuaiOn  of  vegetation,  as  foch 
he  related  it  to  the  country  people,  who  tfl 
h}s  great  fatUfaftion,  informed  him  it  was 
annually,  and  ilways  aboot  this  time  of  the 
tear ;  and  that  inftead  of  being  detrimental, 
tbey  were  a  blcffiog,  as  the  (hecp,  of  »hich 
there  were  great  numbers  graiing,  feedgree. 
di^  oil  them,  fatten  thereby  amatingly,  4od 
then  their  ficfh  is  fweeteft  ai^  fine  ft.  Tkey 
extend  feveral  miles  along  the  coai^,  bot  ne- 
ver much  above  a  quarter  of  a  mik  diftaat 
from  the  fea.  What  caufe  produces  thil 
ftrarge  effed,  either  Contingency  to  the  fea. 
Or  Sec.  Sec,  our  correfpondeot  does  not  pretend 
to  determine. 

A  fmart  Qiock  of  an  earthqonke  bat  bceo 
felt  (on  Dec  at.)  it  WorceHcr,  Dnritvricb, 
Burford  in  OxfordAire,  and  in  the  Nocih 
Highlands  of  Scotland. 

On  December  17,  at  aboat  twelve  at  ni^ 
twelve  or  fourteen  hoafet,  bebdes  oothoafes, 
ite,  &c.  were  confumed  by  fire  at  Rochcfla, 
and  two  women  and  one  man  perilhed  in  the 
flamei.  The  mofl  melancholy  part  of  the 
ftory  is,  thdt  it  is  fufpe^ed  the  owner  of  the 
houfc  where  the  fire  began,  wilfully  let  it 
on  fire;  for  being  apprehend«l  upon  fufpooa, 
he  defperately  cut  his  throat  and  expired. 

An  mn,  and  a  farm  hcufe.  Set,  have  been 
confumed  by  fire,  at  HartwcH,  in  Srafiord- 
Ihire  j  damage  above  yool.  As  was  a  farta 
houfe  at  imber,  in  Wiltfhire,  damage  500L 

On  December  27,  a  Aockof  an  earUk- 
quake  was  ft  It  at  Byton,  in  Herefordihire. 

Edinburgh,  December  3.  Yeftcrday  aboat 
twelve  o'clock,  pait  of  the  walls  and  roof  6i 
the  church  adjoining  to  the  palace  of  Holy- 
roodhoufe  gave  way  and  fell  down  {  and  Uft 
night  the  mof!  of  the  remainder  alfo  (hared 
the  fkme  fate  ;  fo  that  now  this  fine  edifica 
is  entirely  defiroyed.  This  accident  ia  faid 
to  be  owing  to  the  enormous  weight  od"  a  new 
fione  roof  laid  over  it  fome  years  ago,  wt^ich 
the  wall'/  it  is  thought,  were  onable  to  fop- 
port.  The  pillars,  and  onamencs  of  this 
church,  tlM^ugh  for  many  years  pafi  wa^e, 
and  almofl  foinous,  were  gtcitly  admired  as 
one  o»  the  fimft  Guthick  xemains  in  the  if* 
land.  The  fine  vaults,  where  pait  of  thA 
royal  family,  feveral  of  the  nobility,  and  a 
great  num'jer  of  the  gentry  were  dcpofitcd, 
are  now  under  the  ruins. 

New  York,  Nok.  21.  About  3*00  In- 
dians from  the  different  tnbes  of  tne  Mo^ 
havMr«  UaeidiS|  Oooodagocs,  Senecas,  Cafo- 


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lySS. 


ne  MONTHLY  CHRONOLOGER. 


703 


gat,  TufcofOrai,  Coghnowages,    Onoghgui- 
gof,  Tuceloei,  ShawancTe,  Dclawares,  Min- 
goei  of  Ohio,    Nafiricoket,    Conoy^t,   Chug- 
Dois,  Schorat  aod  Orifcai,    met  Sir  Williatn 
Jobofon  at  Fort  Scanwix,  on  the  wtry  impor- 
tant bufinefi  lecommended  by  the  kiog*t  mi- 
ntflert.    And  we  have  novr  the  pleafure  to 
be  iaforined,  that  by  hit  unwearied  applica* 
tiofl,   addreft,    and    extraordinary  influence, 
(which  never  appeared  more  confpicuout  than 
»n  thit  occafion)    the  fix  nationa   and  all 
their  tributariea  have  graated  a  vaft  extent  of 
:oantry  to  his  majefty,  and  to  the  proprieta* 
riet  of  Pennfylvania,   and  fettled  an   advaa- 
lageout  boundary  lioe»   between  their  huot- 
ng  country  and  this  and  the  other  colooies 
:o  the  Southward,  at  far  at  the  Cherokee  ri- 
rcr ;  for  which  they  received  the  mod  valua- 
ble prefent  in  goodt  and  dollart  that  waa  ever 
pven  at  any  conference,  fince  the  fettlemenc 
>f  Aorerica.     An    uncommon   fobriety  and 
{ood  humour  prevailed  through  all  the  nume- 
x>ut  Indian  camps  for  above  feven  weekt, 
md  the  fachemt  and  warriors  departed  from 
he  congreft  in  a  very  happy  dlfjpofition  of 
nind,  from  a  firm  perfuafion,   that  hit  ma* 
efty  will  gratify  them  in  their  juft  and  rea« 
bnable  cxpedaiions.    It  is  therefore  ear- 
leAly  to   be  hoped  that  thit  grand  ceOlon 
md  boundary  will  "be  rightly  improved,  at 
hey  will  Undoubtedly  fecure  the  future  tran* 
[Utility  of  thefe  colonies,    and  be  produdive 
>f  lading  commercial  advantaget  to  them  and 
J reat- Britain*   The  line  of  boundaries  agreed 
\n  at  the  above  congrefs,    it  to  begin  at  thc^' 
nouth  of  the  Cherokee  or  Hegotege  river, 
vhttt  it  empties  into  the  river  Ohio ;  and 
anning  from    thence   upwards    along   the 
3uth  fide  of  the  faid  river  to    Kittaon  ng, 
irbich  is  above  Fort  Pirt,    from  thence  by  a 
ire^  line  to  the   neare/l  fore  of  the  «eit 
ranch  of  SuTquehannai  thence  through  the 
lllegany  mountains,  along  the  foufh  fide  of 
he  faid  weft  branch,  till  it  comes  oppofite  to 
tie  mouth,  of  a  creek  called  Tiadaghton  ; 
fience  acroft  the  wed  branch  and  along  the 
>oth  fide  of  that  creek,  and  along  the  north 
de  of  Burnet*!  Hiflt  to  a  creek  called  Awan* 
ae ;  thence  down  the  fame  to  the  eaft  branch 
f  Sufquehanna,    and  aciofs  the  fame,    and 
p  the  eaft   fide  of  the  river  Owegy ;    from 
tience  eaft  to  Delaware  river,    and   up  that 
iver  tu  oppcfite  where  Tianaderha  falls  into 
ufquehanna^  thence  to  Tianaderha,  and  up 
le  weft  fide  thereof,    and  the  wed  fide  of 
•  weft  branch  to  the  bead  thereof;   and 
lence  by  a  dired  line  to  Canada  Creek, 
here  it  enters  into  Wood  Creek*  aod  (he 
reft  end  of  the  Carrying  beyond  Fort  Stao- 
ix,  and  estending  eaftward  from  every  part 
r  the  faid  line,  as  far  as   the  land  formerly 
urchafed,    fo   as  to  comprehend  the  whole 
r  the  land  between  the  faid  line  and  the 
irchafed  landa  or  fettlements. 
xtraSl  of  a  Lttttrfr^m  Edenton,  in  North- 
Carolina,  oa.  SI. 
<*  In  one  of    our  wcftcrn  coumies,  wt 


have  had  a  very  dangerous  mob*  A  number 
of  armed  men,  calied  regulators,  and  refu- 
ting to  pay  any  debts  or  taxes,  declaring  no 
court  ftiall  be  held,  nor  any  executions  levicd 
by  the  (heritf,  put  all  bufiaefs  to  a  ftand  for 
fome  time,  l^he  militia  were  called,  to  the 
amount  of  1500  men,  with  the  governor^ 
and  feveral  ot  his  council,  at  their  head,  and 
encamped  in  the  town  of  Hilifborovgh, 
whete  they  thre^  up  fome  breaft-woik<* 
The  regulators  encamped  about  three  miles 
from  the  governor  and  his  party,  and  it  is 
faid  their  numbers  were  nearly  equal  to  hit. 
After  lying  in  this  manner  for  a  confiderablt 
time,  on  lemonftrances  made  to  the  regu- 
lators, they  difperfed,  giving  up  fome  of 
tbei»heid  meas  and  although  no  blood  was 
ihed,  it  is  looked  upon  as  a  fericus  arrair^ 
and  by  an  eftimate  lately  made,  it  is  thought 
it  will  coft  the  province  ic,Ow^ol.  The 
greateft  grievance  complained  of  by  thofe 
deluded  people,  is  the  want  of  a  paper  curren* 
cy,  or  fome  medium,  to  anfwer  the  trjde 
of  the  country.  Where  thcfc  matters  will 
end,  I  know  not ;  but  this  fpirit  of  regulat- 
ing feemt  too  general,  which  makes  pi'uperty 
in  this  country  very  precarious/* 

On  Jan.  13,  1768,  a  powder  magazine 
was  wilfully  blown  up  at  Bombay  by  a  quar-* 
ter-mafter  ferjeant  of  artillery,  in  revenge 
for  his  being  puni/hed  for  fome  mift)ehaviour, 
by  which  about  thirty  people  vvere  killed, 
and  fixty  wounded* 


Markiagxs  and  Birth8« 

Oaober  I.  TJ  I  G  H  T  Hon.  Alexander 
JLX  I^rd  Colville,  was  married 
to  Lady  Elizabeth  Mac^arlane,  fitUr  of  the 
earl  of  Kelly,  and  lelift  of  Walrer  Mac- 
farlane,  Efqj— 3.  Mr.  Turner  of  Chrapfide, 
to  Mifs  Buffar~4.  Mr.  Graham,  of  St. 
Paurs  Church-Yard,  to  Mifs  Gofiling— 6. 
Sir  James  Calder,  bart.  to  Mrs.  Oddium— 
1 1.  Robert  Walter,  Efq;  to  Mifs  Upfold— . 
Ki^ht  Hon.  Earl  of  Hii:fi>orough,  to  Mary 
baronefs  Stawell — Ifaac  Elton,  jun*  Efq^  to 
Mifs  Ticrney, 

Litely.  Prter  Kiffin  Heron,  trq;  to  Mifs 
Rotter,  a  60000I.  fortune — Prince  Charles 
of  Mecklcnbourg  to  the  princefs  Frederica  of 
Heife-Darmftadt — John  Mar(h«:-Dickenfon, 
Efq;  'o  Mrs*  Macie— Charles  Lynce,  Elqj 
to  Mifs  Columbine,  daughter  of  the  Ute  ge- 
neral—Captain Edwar>Js,  to  MiTt  Browning 
-•-Thomas  Ltwfidd,  Etq;  to  Mifs  Hicks— 
Oldfield  Bowles,  of  North  AOiton,  in  Ox- 
fordfttire,  Efq;  to  Mifs  B^mptylde  cldeft 
daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Warwick-Eamp- 
fylde,  bart*— Sir  Thomas  Hen 'on,  hart,  to 
Mifs  Meadowet ^Charles  Lucas,  M.D  the 
celebrated  member  for  Dublin,  to  Miff 
Healy— Hon.  Rich.  Butler,  cldeft  fun  cf 
the  Vifcount  Mouott^arret,  to  Lady  Harriofy 
daughter  of  the  catl  of  Carrick— Heniy 
Fletcher,  Efq;  tO  ^iik  Lintot» 

4  u  oa. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


704      Marriages  W  Births;  DsATiis.      App. 


0€t,  3.  Lady  Borgberfli  was  delivered  of 
a  daughter— 10.  Vifcounteli  Weymouth,  of 
a  daughter— 15.  Lady  Baggot,  of  a  daughter- 
id.  Mff.  Soame,  fifter  of  Sir  Charlei  Bun* 
bury,  of  a  fon  and  heir— 23.  Duchcft  of 
HamiJtoDy  of  a  fon. 

Lately.  Mrf .  SaWio,  of  Croxdale  Durham, 
•f  a  daughter— Mrt,  Morcland,  of  Court- 
Lodge,  Kent,  of  a  daughter — Lady  Webb,  of 
adaughter-Ducheft  of  Gordon,  of  a  daugh- 
ter-Lady BUyney,  of  «  daughter — ^Lady  of 
Hon.  Richard  Walpole,  of  a  fon. 

Not.  3.  John  Buller,  Efq)  member  for 
Saft-Loe,    was  married  to    Mifi  Hunter— 

5.  .^—  Bowyer,  Efq;  to  the  ttlxGt  of  \ha 
late  Sir  Jacob  Downing,  bart.— 18.  Noel 
Hill,  Efq;  toMifi  Vernon— 2 x.  Sir  WUUam 
Cunyngamei  bart.  to  Mtfs  Frances  Myrton-* 
15.  Henry  Pcnniddock  Wyndbara,  Efqj  ta 
JAi(»  Hearft — 27.  Jo^n  Bofquain,  Efq;  to 
Miff  Ann  Motteuz — 30.  Thomas  Stapletoo, 
Bfq;  to  Mifi  Tuite. 

Not.  t.  Lady  of  Col.  Pnngle  wai  deli- 
vered of  a  daughter — 2.  Mrs.  Townfliend,  of 
CleTeland -court,  of  a  fon— 13.  Mri.Gulftont 
of  New. Bond  flreer,  of  a  (on  and  heir— Right 
Hon.  Charlotte  Duodst,  of  a  Ton— 27.  Lady 
Mount  Stewart,  of  a  fon— Mrs*  Frederick 
JMaitland,  of  a  daughter* 

Dec.  3.  Right  Hon.  Lord  Vifcount  Moly- 
neuz  was  married  to  Laoy  Ifabella  Stanhope^ 
ddeft  daughter  of  the  earl  of  Harrington—* 

6.  Dr.  Lyfons,  ofGioucefter,  to  Mifi  Ro- 
gers—William  Humphey  Wyckham,  Ef^i  to 
the  Hon*  Mifs  Wenman,  fifter  of  the  Tif- 
count. 

Dsc.  2-  Countefs  of  Home  was  deliTered 
<Kf  a  daughter— 19.  Lady  Sarah  Bunbury,  of 
adaughter— -27.  Lady  Hope,  of  a  daughter- 
Lady  of  George  Heneage,  Efqj  of  a  (on  and 
beir— Mrs.  LawUy,  of  Canwell,  Stafford- 
ibire,  of  a  fon^nd  he  r. 

Lately  married.  Elfred  Sttples,  Efq^  to 
Mifs  Cooper— Hon,  Poafocby  Moore  to  the 
Hon.  Mifs  Moore ^Hon.  Geo.  Devercux  to 
Mifs  Devereax* 

Lately  delivered.  Lidy  of  Chaloner  Ogle, 
Sfqj  of  a  fon  and  heir— Dtichefs  of  Beau? 
fort,  of  a  Ton— Lady  Arm jtage,  of  a  fof . 


DKATaa. 

SEPT.  29.  Rt.  hoB.  Arthur  Upton,  a  priry 
•counlellor,  &c.  in  Ireland — Major  Gen* 
Burton,  col.  of  the  third  reg.  of  foot — 

Oa.  I.  Lady  Ladbroke,  wife  of  the  aL 
German— a,  Mr.  William  Bathoe,  bookfeller 
^n  the  Strand— 3.  Ifaac  Holloway,  Efq;  a 
wealthy  timber  merchant— Rev.  Dr.  Fer- 
dinando  Warner,  -  re^or  of  Barnes,  well 
known  by  his  judicious  writing! — c2.  Rt 
Hon.  fames  earl  of  Morron,  prefident  of 
the  Ru«  al  Society,  one  of  the  fixtcen  peers 
for  Scotland,  Sec,  &c.  &C.—  15.  Mrs.  Joan 
KnatchbuU,  youogcft  daughter  of  Sir  Ed- 
Wud^jy.  WiUii^  lAth^,  Ef^  I|ic  aa 


eminent  laee-mercbant — 19.  Hoa«  Robct(> 
Brudenel,  Tice-chamberlain  to  the  ^occa^ 
col.  of  the  4th  reg.  of  fbot^  mcmler  for 
Marlborough,  &c.  &c— Rt.  *fioii.  Thonai 
Lord  Atcher>  baroo  of  Ombcrfla4e — %t .  Heaiy 
Bringhurf^,  Efq;  fome  time  high  fteriff  of 
Hants  and  Wilts— 22.  Mrs.  Haj»  ^^othcr  af 
Dr.  Hay,  dean  of  the  Arches. 

Lately.  Hon.  John  Maidand,  fan  of  dse 
earl  of  Lauderdale — Samuel  Taverncr,  £%} 
an  eminent  timbcr-meichaat— Philip  Haocy- 
wood,  Efq;  an  eminent  planter  atjamaka<« 
Sir  Tho.  Worfeley,  af  PUewell,  Hanta,  h«t» 
—Col.  Defmareta,  comniflary  at  Daaldrk— • 
Dr*  SacheTCrel  SteTeas,  of  NoHblk*ftreet— 
Hon.  Huogerford  Skeffingtoo,  uncle  of  the 
earl  of  MatiTareene— Dr.  Pierce,  of  Eafidd— 
Henry  Stratten,  Efq^  late  a  Blackwell-tel 
fa€lor— Mrs.  Wright,  mother  of  Sir  JaaMS, 
jninifter  at  Venice— Mr.  Seaton,  engrafcr 
of  fesls  to  the  king— Mrs*  Churchttl,  aa^ 
Mils  Pat  >  Ctiorchill,  mother  and  After  of  the 
late  pqet—  Dr.  Robert  Simpfoo,  proftSor  of 
mathemat'i;:s  at  the  oniTerfity  of  GU%dw«« 
John  Andrewi-Baker,of  Penn,  Bucks. £%-• 
Lord  Vere  Bertie,  fon  of  Robot  duke  of  Aa- 
cafter— Peter  Simpfon,  EA;;  late  a  Portugal 
snerchant — William  Wilkinibn^  ifi{i  higb- 
iberiif  of  Northumbedand,  in  2798— Hoa. 
Robert  Ker,  direOor  of  the  chancery  i» 
Scotland— Sir  Mark  Steoart-'Pley<ieU,  bart. 
Mrs*  Mfyen,  wife  of  Herman  Meyers,  Ein 
merchant  in  Mincing- lane* 

0€t,  27*  Sir  Francis  Head,  of  Hermttage^ 
in  Kent,  bart.  fucceeded  by  his  brother,  «ov. 
tie  RcT.  Sir  John,  bart.  and  D.  D.  arebdea* 
con  and  prebendary  of  Canterbury^-t^ 
Francis  Hatfcll.  of  Bloomflrary,  Efqj— 30. 
Edward  Grofe,  Efw,  clerk  of  the  lieutenancy 
of  London— Charles  Mcrrit,  Efq;  a  filk mer- 
chant— Philip  Lewin,  E-^  a  barrifier  aft 
Uw. 

Not.  i%  S>  John  Halktas-Eyles-Styles^ 
bart.— Sir  Paul  Obrien,  bart.  at  Lilboa— Da- 
vid Cuthbert,  Ei'q;  a  commiffioner  of  eacaiis 
in  Scotland— The  moft  hon.  the  raarchiooeSi 
#f  TaTifteck,  at  Ltfbon— Robert  Pe|too,  of 
Chalfont,  Bocks,  Elqi— 5.  Theophilua 
Darriagton,  Efq{  treafuter  of  the  £aft-lo* 
dia.  company,  for  many  years— 6.  Sir  Mat* 
thew  Lamb,  bart.  member  for  Peterbo- 
rough—7.  Peter  Purchas,  Efq;  late  a  brewer 
in  Shorediich — 11.  Andrew  Cockbom,  £lq ; 
one  of  the  oldefl  capuias  in  the  aavj— is. 
George  Pembertoo,  of  Bedford- Row,  Ef^^i 
17.  His  grace  Thomas  HoUea-Pelham*  duke 
of  Newcaflle,  ice,  &c.  ftc.  Sec,  aged  near 
feventy  'fix.  Dying  without  iffoe,  the  dtk  of 
dukeof  New£aftle-upon-Tine,&c.  &c«js  cx» 
tind,but  he  is  fucceeded  as  duke  of  NewcafUe^ 
under-Line,  by  bis  nephew  tbe  earl  of  Lia* 
coin,  and  at  baron  Pdham  of  Sunmete  by 
his  couiin,  Tho.  Pelham,  Efq;  member  for 
SuiTex— t8.  Tho.  Gataker,  Efq;  ^rgeoa  to 
the  queen*s  hcufehold,  and  to  St.  Georfe> 
horpiul-25.  Robert  Squads  S^<q|  fbrmcdy  a 
fq£4f«rcfii4ur« 


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lySi. 


Ecclesiastical  Preferments. 


Dec.  I«  ,  Henry  Vanderefch,  Efq)  aged 
ffeventy-fevcn— 11.  Rt.  hon.  Vifcouni  Dun- 
bojrne  of  Ireknd — 14.  Pryfe  Campbell,  Efq; 
m  lord  of  the  treafury,  and  member  for  Car- 
digan— aa«  Rt.  rer.  Charles  bifhop  of  Car- 
lifle,  Sccm  Sec,  brother  of  Lord  Lytteiton— 26. 
Col,  Sandyi,  fecond  Ton  of  Lord  Sandys- 
Robert  Taplow,  Efq;  formerly  high  (heriff 
of  6uckf«»i9.  Sir  Francis  Gofling,  knt.  al- 
derman of  Farringdon  ward  without^  after  a 
lingering  iUnefi,  which  had  twice  obliged 
him  to  decline  the  chair. 

Lately.  Anthony  Warwick,  Efq;  a  capt. 
in  the  navy  in  the  reigns  of  Q^een  Anne  and 
King  George  I.— Ifaac  Crump,  Efq  |  a 
planter  at  Barbadoes— Thomas  Prefcott  Efqj 
late  a  merchant  at  Chefter — Samuel  Chitty, 
Efq}  mufter-mafter  of  the  city  trained- bands- 
Peter  Wilmot,  of  Croydon,  Efq; — Lady  Doro- 
thy Primrofe,  aunt  to  the  earl  of  Ro^eberry— 
Robert  Goddard,  Efq;  an  old  and  brare  com- 
mander in  the  navy— IVfajor-gen.  Smyth,  coJ. 
of  the  fizty-thitd  reg.  of  foot — M.  DM  It, 
forty  years  miniftcr  from  Hefle-Caflel  at  this 
court— Lady  Barbara  Shiiley^  aunt  to  Eail 
Ferrers  — Benj.  Archer,  Efqj  a  merchant— 
Thomas  Ingoidfby,  of  Waldridge,  Bucks, 
Efq) — James  Bevetley,  Efq;  in  the  comm<(^ 
lion  of  the  peace  for  Surry— Lady  Mary  Ha. 
milton,  fifter  of  the  late  marquis  of  Lothian  — 
Dr.  RufTel,  of  Walbrook— Charles  Hotbam, 
Efq;  an  old  captain  in  the  navy— Rt.  bor« 
John  Lord  Arundel  of  Trcrice— Henry  Wal- 
ien  of  Enfield,  E(iq;— Mrs.  Caflon,  reiift  of 
ths  late  William  Cadon,  Efq;— Ratclifte 
Hviward,  LL.  D.  a  fenior  fellow  of  All-Souls 
:oliege,  Ozon— Rev.  Dr.  Bcrriman,  rector 
>f  St.Alban's,  Wooddreet,  aged  eighty — Hon. 
najor  Edward  Molefworth— Sir  John  Flay- 
rcrp,  of  Ellough-hall,  in  Suftblk,  bart.  fuc- 
:ceded  by  his  grandfon,  now  Sir  John  Play- 
:erf,  hart.— Dr.  Talbot  Smith,  formerly  an 
:roineot  phyiician  in  London.— 

ECCLKSIASTICAL   pREriKMZNTS. 

From  the  London  Gazkttz. 

WHITEHALL,  Oa.  4.  The  bithop 
of  Briftoi  is  promoted  to  the  deanery 
»f  St.  Paurs,  in  the  room  of  Dr.  Cornwallis 
irchbilhop  of  Canterbury— 15.  Dr.  Egerton,  • 
kifliop  of  Bangor,  to  the  biflioprick  of  Li(ch- 
ield  and  Coventry,  In  the  room  of  Dr.  Corn- 
vallis,  now  archbiihop  of  Canterbury. 

Whitehall,  Nov.  xi.  John  Young,  M.  A. 
B  appointed  a  prebendary  of  Woiccfler— 
^ec.  3«  Dr»  John  Ewer,  biihop  of  Llandaff, 
s  translated  to  the  fee  of  Bangor,  in  the  room 
if  Dr.  Egerton,  tranllated  to  Litchfield  and 
Coventry. 

From  tbi  reji,  of  the  Paptn. 

Rev.Mr.  Wibberfley  is  prefentedto  therec- 
oryof  Wickham,and  Mr.  Radley  to  theredo- 
y  of  Bifliop-Wearmouth,  in  Northumber- 
and  <-Thomas  Bateman,  M.  A.  to  the  vica- 
afiof  Wappload^  LiBcolnfiure— Ml*  Walker, 


705 

to  the  re£lory  of  Branftone,  Durham— Mr. 
Long  to  the  vicarage  of  Shahiigtorr,  Bucks— ^ 
Mr.  Wilkinfon,  to  the  vicarage  of  Blet/ham, 
Hants-— Mr.    Fawcett  to  the  curacy  of  St. 
John  in  Leeds— Mr.  Weflon,  to  the  preben4 
of  Henftridge,  Wells— Mr.  Rotherham,   to 
the  living  of  Haltwhiflle,  Northumberland— ^   ' 
Mr,  Wright,  to  the  redory  of  Rayleigh,  Ef- 
fex— Mr.  Foley,  to  the  united  livings  of  St. 
Peter  and  St.  Owen,  Hereford— Mr.  Wcthcr- 
ley,  to  the  living  of  Balfingham,  Lincoln- 
ihire— Rev.   Mr.    Gwynn,    to    the  rcftory 
of  Coflingham,  Northampt.— Mr.  Walker,  to 
the  reaory  of  Kettlebafton,    Suffolk— Dr. 
Ruifel,  to  the  vicarage  of  Upton-Biihop,  in 
Hereford/hire -^Mr.  Crawford,  to  the  vica- 
rage of  Winderftone,  Devon.— Mr.  Mearfon, 
to^  the  re£^ory  of  Carleton,    Norihampton- 
ihire— Mr.  John  Smyth,  to  the  chaplainry  of 
the  great  feal— Dr.  Powell,  to  the  rectory  of 
Frefliwater,  Iflc  of  Wight— Mr.  Barnet,   to 
the  vicarage  of  Langtod  Beverell,  Leiceft.— 
Mr.  Smyth,  to  a  prebend  of  Gloucefter.— Mr, 
Walker  to  the  redory  of  Branftonc,    Dur- 
ham— Mr.  Pearce,  to  the  lifing  of  Great- 
B^ddow,  Eflcx— Mr.  Bdchier,  to  the  rectory 
of  Rotherby,  Leiceft. — Mr,  Bowman,  to  the 
reftory  of  Craike,  Durham — Mr.  Robinfon, 
to  the  vic^age  of  Ofmotherby,  Durham- 
Mr.  Hay,  to  the  mathematical  lefturcfhip  of 
Sidney  colleee,  Camb.— Mr.  Wright  to  the 
re£lory  of  Ruflibrookc,  Suffolk— Mr.  God- 
dard junr.  to  the  vicarage    of   Halvergate, 
Norfolk— Mr.    Pinching,    to    the    vicarage 
of    Wickham  Skeyth,    Suffolk— Mr.     Pa- 
ri Hi,  to  the  ref^oriet  of  Colkirk  ai^  Stib- 
bard,  Norfolk— Mr.  Wake,  to  the  vicarage 
of  BarnQey,  VorkOiire— Mr.  Evans,  to  the 
vicarage  of  Fairford,    Cloucefterlhire— Mr. 
Willes,  to  the  reaory  of  Wifliford,    War- 
wickihire— Mr,     Lloyd    to    the    living   of 
Stapcnhill,    Derbyfliirc — Mr.   Thurfion,    to 
ths  vicarage  of  Ryarfli,  Effex- Mr.  Hupf- 
man  to  the  reftory  of  Cranford,  Effex- Mr. 
Harley,  to  the  vicarages  of  Chipping  Sod- 
bury,  and  Old  Sodbury,  Glouceftrfhire— Mr. 
Coliifon  10  the  rectory  of  Billcfdon,   Wilts- 
Mr.  Cleaver,   to  the  redoiy  of  Drayton,  Ox- 
ford ft  ire— Mr.  Bowles,  to  the  reaory  of  Up- 
hill, Somerfetfhire-^Mj^  Greaves,  to  the  vi- 
carage of  Wallington,  Derby fli ire— Mr.  Fau- 
coner,  to  the  vicarage  of  Idmefto)!,  Wilts-^ 
Mr.  Collins,    to  the  vicarage   of  Cleveden, 
WarwickOiire. 

Rev.  Mr.  Rider  is  chofen  leaurv  of  St. 
Michael  Lequern,  and  St.  Vcdaft,  Fofter- 
lane — Mr.  Porter,  le^urer  of  Ela^ham.— ^' 

A  difpenfation  paffed  the  feals,  to  enable 
the  rev.  Dr.  Robert  Stebbing  to  hold  t!ie  fi- 
carage  of  Streatley,  Berks,  with  the  reaory 
of  Beaconsfield,  Bucks— To  enable  John 
Simmonds  to  hold  the  vicarage  of  St.  Mary, 
Leiceder,  with  the  vicarages  of  Whetftone 
and  Endeiley,  LetcefterAiire— .To  enable 
John  Chapman,  B.  D.  to  hold  the  confokKlat- 
4  U  X  U 


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)o6 


Promotions  Civil  and  Military. 


ed  re£Voriei  of  Bath,  St.  Peter  and  Paul, 
with  the  xtfXcT^  of  Newton  St*  Loe^  Somer- 
fctihire. 

A  commcndam  pafl^  the  feals  for  the  Bi- 
ihop  of  Lichfi  Jd  and  C  >vpntry  to  hold  the 
re^ory  of  Jlofs  in  Hctcfordfhire,  and  the 
prrbcnd  of  Cublington,  in  the  cathedral  of 
Hereford,  alfocfae  prebend  of  Welhnd,  with 
one  of  the  four  rcridenliarifhips of  St.  PauKs, 
LondoQ. 

^  difpenfatlon  paflTed  the  feal  to  enable 
the  rev.  John  Wood,  B.  L.  to  hold  the  icc- 
tory  of  B:i*>work,  in  Nottinghaoifhire,  with 
the  vicarage  of  Cheft^rfi-ld,  Derbyfliire— 
Mr.  Moote,  to  hold  the  rcdtore^  ot  Foot'i 
Cray,  North  Cray,  and  Rookdley,  Kent— 
Dr.  Shpnptrd,  to  liold  the  vicarage  of  Ba- 
fingftokt,  and  the  reOory  oi  Q^ianley,  Hants— 
Wr.  Loclcwood,  to  ho'd  ine  vicarage  of 
E.^ping,  and  re^ory  of  Fintld,  Effcx — Mr. 
Ferris,  tO  hold  the  yicarage  of  Sttpleford 
and  Chcifton,  Wilts— Mr.  Frank,  to  hold 
the  v.carages  cf  Borden  and  Stockbury, 
Kent — Mr.  Hill,  to  hold  the  re^ory  of 
i^bingdon,  and  vicarage  of  Fail- Mailing, 
Kent — Dr.  Framptcn,  to  hold  the  vicarages 
of  Weftport  and  Brcmhill,  Wilti— Mr.  Frc- 
beck,  to  hold  the  rc£lory  of  Hutton,  ElFex, 
with  St.  Michael  Qnfenhith,  &c.  in  Lon- 
don— Mr.  C'arke,  \.^  ho!d  the  vicarage  of 
Arlington  and  Willington,  SutFcx,  wiih  the 
rcAory  cf  Buxted,  alfo  in  SulTez. 

Promotions  Civil  and  MiUtary. 
From  the  Uo'SDOVi    Cazettk. 

WHITEHALL,  Srpt.  27.  A  li- 
cence is  granted  to  Francti  Grant, 
Efq  ;  and  hit  deCccndantf,  to  take  the  fur- 
lume  and  bear  the  arms  of  Gordon— -OA* 
J.  Wm.  Lynch,  Ffq;  is  appointed ^nvoy  ex- 
traordinary to  the  kin*  of  Sardinia— St. 
Tamc»'5,  O^.  7.  The  archbifhop  of  Canter- 
bury was  f^orn  of  the  privy-councll—ai. 
I^ord  Weymouth  \%  removed  to  befecretary  of 
ftate  for  the  fouthern  department,  in  the  room 
of  the  earl  of  Shelburne,  and  the  earl  of 
^och^ord  is  appointed  fecretary  of  ftate  for  the 
northern. 


of  the  fourth  regiment  of  foot-^Colenel  Wil-  * 
liam  Howe,  heut.  go?,  of  the  Ifle  of  Wight, 
and  Lieutenant*  Colonel  Maxwell,  capUinof 
CoweS  Ciftlf, 

St.  J4{nefc*s,  Dec.  3.  The  duke  of  Kew* 
caflle  is  enabled  to  bear  the  Dame  of  Pd- 
bam.— 12.  The  duke  of  Marlborough  was 
ele^ed  a  knight  of  the  Garter. 

Whitehall,  Dec.  13.  Gilbert  Latiric,  Efq; 
is  appointed  a  commiflioaer  of  cxcife  ii 
Scotland. 

S:.  James's,  Dec.  16.  His  grace  Heary 
Ficnci  Pclham-Clinton,  duke  oi  NewcaSle, 
was  fworn  of  tbe  privy-council,  appointed 
lord  iieuc.  and  coftos  rotulorum  of  the 
county  of  Nottingham,  and  of  the  town  and 
county  of  the  town  of  Nottingham,  alfia 
ftewaid,  keeper,  &c.  of  the  foreft  of  Sher- 
wood, and  park  of  Folcwood,  in  the  laid 
county. 

War-office,  Dec.  17.  CoL  Alexaader  Mac- 
kay  is  appointed  major-general  in  Amcrua 
only. 

Whitehall,  Dec.  17.  Robert  Morray* 
Keith,  Efq;  is  apt>oi>ued  envoj  czcraonia- 
nary  to  the  court  ot  Drcfden. 

St.  James's,  Dec.  31.  Jeremiah  Dyfoa, 
Efq;  is  appointed  a  lord  of  tJie  trcafory — Vif- 
count  Lifburne,  a  lord  of  trade  and  plaat«» 
tiont* 

From  tbe  rfft  of  tbe  ^spers. 

Robert  Auchmuty,  Efq}  is  appointed 
judge  of  the  viceradmiralty  court  ot  Botton  j 
Jatcd  Ingerfol,  Eiqi  at  Philadelphia^  Jona- 
than Sewall,  Efq;  at  Halifax;  and  Aa« 
guftine  Johnfon,  Efq;  at  Cbar*ea  Towl^ 
South  Carolina. — Charles  Whitsrorth,  Ei^ 
member  for  Minehead,  was  knighted — Ma* 
jor  Bentinck  is  appointed  lieot.  col.  and 
Capt.  Balfour,  major  of  the  fecood  battalits 
of  the  royal  regiment  of  foot— Major  Sin^ 
Frafer,  lieut.  col.  of  the  24tb.  and  Ca|ycatB 
Kingi^on,  major  of  the  fecood  regiment  of 
light  dragoons^Chaloner  Ogle,  E.^^^  wit 
knighted— Lieut,- Colonel  Philips  is  appoint- 
lieut.  governor  of  Windfor-caftJe— Mar<}ui« 
of  Lothian  is  e]e£bed  one  of  the  iixteen  peers 
for  Scotlind— Dukeof  Grafton,  chanceaorof 
the  univerfuy  of  Cambridge— Earl  of  Hen* 


3r.  Taraes's,  Scpf/28.    Simon  Lutrell,  of    ford,  recorder  of  Coventry— DakeofKingAon 

Lutrelfs-tov.n,  in  the  county  of  Dublin,  Efqj     recorder  of  Nottingham— Dr.  Hock,  phvfil 

is  created  baron  Irnham,   of  Lutrellt-towo,     cian,  and  Mr,  Martin  furgeon,  ot  St.  Tlw 


in  com,  Dablin,  Ireland. 

War-office,  Odt,  29.  CoL  Charles  Ho- 
tham  is  appointed  col.  of  the  15th  reg.  of 
fo3t— and.  major  gen.  Gage  of  t^e  6oth  or 
Royal  American  regiment,  both  in  the  room 
of  gen,  Sir  Jeffery  Amherft,  who  refigaed. 

St.  James's,  Nov.  2,  Georee- William, 
%kt\  or  Briftcl,  was  fworn  into  the  office  of 
|.ord  Privy-Seal.— 8.  The  Vifcount  Stor- 
pigunt  is  appoinred  a  knight  of  the  thiftlc. — 

War  office,  Nov.  8.  Lieut,  gen.  Sir  JcfFery 
^ri^hcrftis  appointed  colonel  of  the  third  reg. 
of  fflbt,  ^ffo  col,' in  chief  of  the  60th  or  Amp- 
\i(iin  rcgicieat— Lieut,  Qsn.  Hodgfojk   col. 


niu*>horpital. 

fle^airJfr  of  tbe  Feretgn    Affatrt  f»r   1768.    • 

CONSTANTINOPLE,  Oft.  7.  On  th« 
third  inftant  a  grand  council  was  held  at 
the  Seraglio,  at  which  the  Grand  Vizir  and 
kll  the  principal  officers  of  flate  alHaed,  In 
conlequeoce  of  what  then  paflcd,  the  Sievr 
ObrcAiofiv  rcGdent  from  Raffia,  was  invitad 
to  goto  court  the  fixth  inftant,  when  be  waa 
introduced  int6  tbe  apartment  pf  tbe  Qr§od 
Yizif •    The  c^ATCfiauoa  was  net  long,   but 


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768. 


FOREIGN 


t  was  very  fpirite<)»  and  the  Rufllan  minifter 
robably  not  being  able  to  comply  with  what 
rat  required  of  hino,  was  ordered  to  retire 
Bto  another  apirtment,  and  wait  the  deter- 
dination  of  the  Porte.  Upon  the  report  that 
ras  made  to  the  Grand  Signior  of  what  bad 
•afled,  hii  highnefi  ordered  the  Ru0ian  mi- 
lifter  to  be  fent  to  the  caftle  of  Seven-Towcri, 
rhitber  he  was  accordingly  conduf^ed  the 
tone  afternoon,  together  with  his  fccretary, 
hrce  of  his  interpreters,  and  fome  domef- 
icki.  The  Sieur  Dele vafchof,  charge  dW- 
aires  from  Ru^ia,  and  who  it  intended  to 
jccecd  the  Sieur  Obrefkoif,  not  having  ac- 
ompanied  hii  colleague  at  the  audience  above 
lentioned,  did  not  partake  of  hit  difgrace. 

Conftantinople*  October  23.  The  ill  ftate 
f  health  or  Seli£tar-Hamzey- Pacha,  who 
irai  lately  raifed  to  the  poft  of  Grand>Vizir, 
ot  pcftiiittiog  him  to  fopport  the  weighty 
flfaira  of  that  office,  the  Grand  Signior  hat 
ifpcnfed  with  his  fervice,  and  ycfterday  he 
mbarked  for  the  Dardanellei,  from  whence 
le  will  go  to  Canee,  the  government  which 
he  Grand  Signior  bat  given  him.  (See 
.6,3.) 

Nicbaodygy-Mahemet-£mia-Pacht»  late 
Laiooakan,  is  appointed  Grand  Vizir* 

Conftantinople  November  2.  On  the  19th 
f  laft  month  the  Chan  of  the  Tartars  wat 
dmitted  to  an  audience  of  the  Grand  Sig- 
ior,  who  received  him  with  the  greateft  dif- 
n£tinn  made  him  feveral  rl'rh  prefents,  be* 
des  25060  fequint  in  money.  From  that 
ay  till  hit  departure*  which  was  on  the  20th« 
e  and  all  his  retinue  were  maintained  at  the 
xpence  of  the  Grand  Signior,  and  he  wat 
aid  bcfidet  1000  fequint  per  day.  The 
randeet  of  the  empire  made  him  prefents  tn 
foportion  to  their  rank>  and  the  Grand 
^izir  prefeoted  him  with  5000  piaftre|. 
lit  eldeft  fon  wai  likewife  appointed  Seraf- 
:ier,  or  commander  of  a  body  of  30|O0d 
!*artarf.  Thefe  favours  have  been  heaped 
pon  him,  in  hopet  to  attach  him  to  the  in* 
ereft  of  the  Porte,  and  to  engage  him  to 
€t  with  vigour  in  the  war  againft  Ruffia. 

Peteriburgh,  Nov.  29.  The  emprefs  hat 
ppointed  Prince  Galluzm  field  marflial  of 
le  grand  army«  which  it  to  a£(  next  fpring 
gainfl  the  Turkt,  and  has  granted  him  tea 
tioufand  roubles  for  bis  field  equipage»  be* 
des  a  gratification  of  four  thouOind  roublea 
lore  for  the  expencet  of  hit  table,  during 
II  the  time  he  hat  the  command  of  her 
oops.  The  grand  army  will  meet  near 
.ubno^  not  far  from  Kiovia,  where  theregi* 
lent  of  JaroUow  has  repaired,  dire6ting  it*t 
)ate  through  Novogrod,  Torfchok,  Wiftan, 
Kaluga,  Nefchok,  and  Prtluk.  The  regi- 
lents  of  Smoleniko  and  of  Nifchow  are 
larchtng,  one  from  Sleutelbourg,  and  the 
Lher  from  Nerva,  for  the  faofie  deftio^tion  $ 
le  fecond  army,  which  is  adually  forming 
)  the  Ukrainf,  and  which  it  to  go  againft 
le  f*Qniieri  ^f  the  Ottoman  emmrci  Will 


AFFAIRS.        707 

be  commanded  by  the  Count  of  Romaazow, 
and  General  Oiiiz  will  have  in  Pola;id  the 
condu^  of  the  army  of  obfervation.  We  ex- 
pert to  fee  very  foon  the  formal  declaration  of 
war  from  this  court  agiind  the  Porte. 

The  operation  of  inoculation  w^a  per- 
formed 00  the  23d.  of  October  laft,  on  the 
en^preft,  by  Dr.  Dtmfdale,  who  had  beea 
fent  for  from  England  for  that  purpofe  j  and 
her  imperial  majefty  fet  out  the  next  day  for 
Czariko  Zelo.  It  had  nO^  vifible  effied  till 
the  29th,  when,  the  weather  being  fioe^ 
and  the  ground  covered  with  fnow,  her  ma* 
jefty  took  a  walk  in  the  morning  for  the  air, 
as  fbe  had  done  the  preceding  days,  and  on 
her  return  to  ber  apartment  about  two  ia 
the  afternoon  felt  fome  fymptoiQi  of  a  fever, 
which  contiilved  till  the  31ft  towardt  fix 
in  the  evening,  ^ben  the  eruption  firft  began 
to  appear.  The  empreft  kept  her  apartmenc 
but  three  days,  the  reft  of  the  time  (he  vrenc 
abroad  and  faw  company. 

LetCeit  from  Peterfl)argh  mention,  that 
the  Empreft  of  Ruffia  hat  ordered  two' 
merchanit  in  London  to  pay  Dr.  Dimf-^ 
dale  10,000 1.  fterliog  apon  hit  arrival  ia 
Londoo,  and  granted  him  500 1,  ^r  annj 
during  bit  life.  She  hat  likewife  made  the 
do^or  pbyficuB  to  herfelf  and  the  Grand 
Duke  J  alio  appointed  htm  privy -counfellor 
of  ftatSy  and  created  him  baron  of  the  empiro 
of  all  the  Ruffiaa. 

Srockholm,  Nov.  22.  The  diforder  amon^ 
the  cattle,  which  bat  hitherto  made  piodi- 
giout  hayock  in  this  kingdom,  begint  to  de» 
crcafe.  It  it  computed,  that  from  the  com-' 
mencemeot  of  the  prefent  year  to  (he  loth 
of  September  laftj  we  have  loft  10,506  horn- 
ed cattle.  This  malady  it  obferved  to  be  aC 
the  moft  violent  degree  in  the  montht  of  Ja« 
Boary  and  February* 

Warfaw,  06t*  19.  An  expreft  arrired  on' 
the  16th  at  the  Ruffian  minifter^s,  that  the 
Lithuanian  confederates  are  entirely  at  an 
end.  The  confiedericiet  having  refolved  to 
attack  the  town  of  Niefwifcz,  Prince  Radzi- 
vift  refidence,  they  fummbned  him  to  take 
part  with  them»  or  to  deliver  op  his  men  and 
ammunition  j  but  a  body  of  Ruffians  being  ae 
hand,  the  prince  wat  enabled  to  make  all  the 
confederatct  prifonera  at  difcretion.  (See  p, 

558.)  .     " 

Fiom  the  frontiert  of  Poland,  0£t.  24* 
The  troublet  in  Lithuania  rather  increafe 
than  diminiHi :  500  Courlandert  have  figned 
an  aft  of  re-conrederatiooy  and  have  chafen 
one  Ropp  for  their  chief.  They  hate  entered 
Lithuania  in  order  to  join  the  Ruffians,  and 
are  already  advanced  within  feven  miiet  of 
ICauen. 

The  Roflians  have  fortified  Polonna,  and 
will  fortify  Winica.  Two  new  regiments  of 
thefe  tiOJpi  are  arrived  from  Smoleniko  in 
Lithuania. 

Wariawy  Nov.  9.  Military  preparations  are 
carryiog;  on  m  Turkey,  with  ^reat  vigour. 

Tioopt 


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jroS 


FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 


App. 


Troops  are  tlready  ailembled  on  the  fide  of 
Bulgaria ;  and  a  body  of  40,000  men  are  en- 
CJimped  on  the  fro&tiera  between  Choczioa^ 
Bender,  and  Ocxakow. 

Thefeditioai  petfaata  of  the  Ukraine  have 
agaitf  aflembled  in  troopi  in  foiue  pUcef »  and 
reduced  to  a(hei  a  town  feten  m  le»  didant 
from  Haman.  and  put  the  inhabitants  of  the 
place  to  the  fword. 

Warfaw,  December  7.  There  have  been 
great  motion!  among  the  Ruffian  troopi  in 
thii  kingdooiy  in  order  to  form  a  line  toward! 
th«  frofttiera  of  Turkey.  Their  placea  are 
to  be  fupplied  by  other  troop!. of  the  fame  na- 
tion. The  former  are  to  be  commanded  by 
the  Count  it  Soitilcow,  and  the  latter  by 
Prince  Gallitxin.  Ai  to  the  main  army, 
which  ia  to  endeavour  to  penetrate  into  fome 
of  the  province!  of  the  Ottoman  empire,  in 
order  to  make  that  cooBtry  the  feat  of  war, 
it  will  be  under  the  command  of  Count  dc 
Romanzow. 

We  learn  by  feveral  letter!,  that  500  of 
die  confederate!  of  Bar  are  returned  into  Po- 
dolia  under  the  command  of  the  Sieur  Paw- 
«(ki.  They  femmoned  General  Witte,  who 
command!  at  Kaminieck,  to  furrender  the 
place,  but  he  made  anfwer.  That  he  regarded 
ao  order!  but  fuch  ai  he  received  from  the 
king  or  the  war-ofBce,  and  that  if  hi!  fortrcfi 
wai  attacked,  he  would  defend  it  to  the  laft 
extremity. 

Copenhagen,  OA«  ij.  Aa  the  price  of 
provifion!  increafe!  daUy,  the  chamber  of 
finance!  ba!  given  leave  for  the  importation 
of  2^,000  ton!  of  wheat,  which  hai  greatly 
rednced  the  price  of  that  commodity. 

The  court  ha!  likewife  given  leave  to  the 
inhabitant!  of  (Norway  to  buy  op  a!  much 
corn  as  they  want  for  their  own  confumption, 
of  the  foreign  fliip!  that  arrive  there,  provided 
tiiey  do  it  within  fifteen  day!  after  the  arrival 
of  thofe  (hip!;  after  which  time,  all  that  re- 
main! unlold  ii  to  be  bought  for  the  king*! 
account,  and  locked  up  in  the  royal  maga* 
sinea. 

Letters  from  Vienna,  of  Nov.  30,  fay, 
*'  This  morning  the  emperor  performed  the 
ceremony  of  invefting  Lord  Stormont  with 
the  enfign!  of  the  order  of  the  Thiftle,  winch 
the  king  of  Great  Britain  had  fent  him.** 

Berlin,  Oik,  iS.  By  a  letter  juft  anived 
from  Poifdam  we  are  informed,  that  a  few 
day!  ago  fomebody  found  mean!  to  get  into 
the  king*!  bed-chamber,  broke  open  aboreau 
there,  and  carried  off  to  the  amount  of  1 5iOOO 
crown!  in  gold  fpecie.  Strict  feaich  i!  mak* 
ing  to  difcover  the  thief. 

Berlin,  O^ober  12.  We  learn  from  the 
frontier!  of  Poland,  that  the  coofederatea 
|>urfue  the* diffident!  with  greater  fury  than, 
ever;  that  they  break  open  and  pillage  their 
churche!,  and  burn  all  the  biblea  and  reltgi- 
•u!  booUa  they  can  fiod  :  And  that  at  a  vil- 
lage called  Zychlin,  near  Conin,  thty  feiaed 
Akc  Sieur  Majewiki,  a  procefttnt  aiaifter^  of 
S 


about  feventy  year!  of  age,  whom  they  drag- 
ged to  the  church,  with  a  cord  abeot  hia 
neck,  and  after  (hutting  him  tip  in  at  duriog 
a  whole  night,  in  the  morning  ufed  hia 
with  the  greateft  inhumanity. 

Letters  from  Berlin,  dated  the  x  3th  inft. 
mention,  that  a  Urge  body  of  confederate!^ 
who  lately  levied  heavy  contribotiona  on  the 
frontier!  of  Poland,  had  been  attacked  ~  by  a 
party  of  huihrt,  who  cut  a  great  number  of 
them  to  pieces,  an*)  made  feveral  priioBcn : 
And  that  part  of  the  3000  confederate!, 
who  for  fome  time  paft  have  iofefted  the 
banks  of  the  Warte,  and  committed  greag 
CTueltiea  upon  the  inhabitants,  had  aJ(b  beea 
defeated  by  Lieut.  Col.  de  Bock,  who  bad 
been  frnt  againft  them  with,  a  body  of  coo 
Coflack!. 

Berlin,  Dec.  20.  The  dire^or  of  the  po- 
lice ha!  pobliOied  an  edid,  by  order  of  the 
king,  forbidding  the  game  of  hazard,  by 
making  the  player  liable  to  pay  a  fine  from 
too  to  300  ducat!,  or  to  fufier  imprifoMocac 
in  one  of  the  fbrtrefTe!.  Several  other  gaaiea 
arcalfo  forbid,  a!  baflct,  pharoah,  UnfqoeBet« 
^,  Sec,  All  keepers  of  co0ee  houie*,  t»* 
verb!,  and  alehoofes,  are  made  liable  to  the 
fame  penalties,  if  they  fufller  tkcfe  ganiea  so 
be  played  in  their  hoafei. 

The  king  bai  made  fuch  good  difpofit'otit 
of  hia  troop!  upon  the  frontier!  of  bis  domi- 
nion! in  the  neighbourhood  of  Poland,  that 
the  vagabond!  of  that  country,  who  call 
themfelvc!  confederates,  will6odno  little 
difficulty  in  committing  any  future  txec(Sn, 

Hamburgh,  Nov.  18.  On  the  joth  of  thit 
month  were  exchanged  here,  the  ratifica- 
tion! of  a  treaty  concluded  the  27th  of  Map 
la  ft  between  the  King  of  Deonurk  and  the 
Grand  Duke  of  Raffia,  Duke  of  Holfteio  on 
the  one  part,  and  the  fenate  of  thi!  fne  and 
imperial  city  on  the  other.  Since  whick 
time,  the  commiiTariea  appointed  to  make 
the  etchaag<-!  have  proceeded  to  the  execu- 
tion of  the  fiiid  treaty  by  the  ceffion  and  refti^ 
tutien  of  different  domains,  as  agreed  on  by 
the  cootra£Hng  parties. 

Hanover,  Dec.  6.  Accardiog  to  the  laA  let- 
ters from  London,  we  find  the  kiog  our  moft 
graciotis  fovereign  propoiea  to  vifit  hia  Gcr* 
man  dominion!  next  fummer  :  It  is  (aid  his 
majefly  will  be  accompanied  by  his  royal 
confort  and  her  royal  highoefa  the  Prin^ft 
Dowager  of  Wakr,  who,  we  hear,  is  deters 
mined  to  take  op  her  refidcnce  at  the  cattle  of 
Zell.     ' 

Venice,  Od.  »9*  The  Montenegiins  am 
not  the  only  people  who  gite  diftorbance  te 
the  Porte.  A  large  body  of  men  are  ia  arme 
in  Lower  Albany,  and  great  nombeta  ef 
Greeks  have  oppofed  the  Tut kllh  domini* 
ons  in  the  Morea.  Thefe  inforgentt  vri^ 
no  doubt,  create  a  diverfioo  ki  favour  of  the 
Ruffians*  v 

From  the  Confines  of  Italy,  Nov.  it* 
Thcprefcnt  fitoatioD  of  a&iis  ta  Cocfca 

appon 


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y€S.        FOREIGN    AFFAIRS. 


ppearfl  Co  influence  the  tranquillity  of  the  re* 
ublic  of  Genoa  :  There  it  i  talk  of  great 
ifputea  htTXog  arifen  in  the  lenate,  many 
lembert  of  which*  it  it  faid,  highly  difap- 
rove  the  late  tranfaflion  concerning  that  ifie* 

Leghorn,  Nov.  25.  Thcrearfivtd  here  yef- 
erday  three  French  vefleU  with  wounded  men 
rom  Corfica.  According  to  acconoCi  received 
lere,  the  French  have  loft,  itace  they  took 
lofleflion  of  tb«t  idand,  too  officert  and 
iooo  foldien,  by  ikirmiihea  and  prifonerii 
I'ithout  reckoning  deferteit.  The  CorfioaAi 
lave  lod  in  the  fame  tiine  thirteen  officers 
nd  S50  foldietf. 

They  write  from  Floience,  that  the  fitft 
hock  of  the  earthquake  that  wai  felt  lately  at 
^anta  Sofia^  on  the  frontiers  of  the  ecclefi- 
tilical  fiate»  happened  about  eleven  a*clock 
n   the  evening,  and  waa  fo  violent  at  ta 


709 


Spain.  In  fine^  ihe  gavo  the  moft  ex- 
ad  explajiation  of  Blazon,  and  of  all  the 
queftioni  that  were  put  to  her  in  the  different 
fctencei,  which  redounded  ib  much  to  her 
praiff,  at  juftly  entitled  her  to  the  approbation 
of  every  one  in  the  aflembly,  which  ihe  re- 
ceived with  the  greateft  applaofe.  Thit  young 
Scavante  it  pupil  to  the  Sieur  Antoine  Gon-' 
salez  de  Canaveras,  and  it  daughter  of  the 
Sieur  de  Capeda,  a  diftinguifhed  man  in  thit 
city/' 

Balagna  m  Corlica,  Nov.  z$. 
**  When  we  fliook  off  the  yoke  of  the 
Genoefe,  the  place  called  Ifola  Roffa  had  but 
one  tower  on  the  (ide  oppofite  to  the  Tea,  where* 
from  time  to  time,  according  to  different 
ctrcumftancet,  our  provifiont  and  ammu- 
nition were  clofed  op.  After  the  fortffying 
of  that  pUcc   wat  attempted,  bulwarkt  of 


hrow  down  feveral  of  the  weaker  houfes,  ef-    'earth  were  foon  conftru£tedy  which  put  it  in 


>eciaUy  in  the  country  around.  The  inha 
>itaott,  who  were  tU  a- bed,'  being  waked  hf 
It,  (led  toward  the  6eldi  }.but  in  their  flight 
a  fecond  (hock,  more  terrible  than  the  firft, 
happened,  by  which  the  ftrongeft  buildingi 
Were  overturned,  a  number  of  perfont  buried 
under  the  ruin',  and  the  great  bridge  which 
feparates  Santa  Sofia  from  the  ecdefiaftical 
ftate,  and  coft  that  community  upwardt  of 
thirty  thoufand  crowns,  fpltt  through  the 
middle  from  one  end  to  the  other* 

ExtraA  of  a  letter  firom  Cadis,  Sept.  27, 
^  Theie  it  in  thit  city  a  young  mift,  aged 
•nly  twelve  yfart,  who,  through  the  power 
and  extent  of  her  talentt  and  knowledge  in 
the  (cieoces,  iaa  become  the  aflonifhment  and 
«2dmiration  of  every  one  here*  She  hat  given 
public  proofs  of  them  in  an  exercife  which 
(he  mentioned  in  three  different  affembliet 
bdd  for  that  puipofe,  the  19th,  zid,  and 
»4th  of  this  month,  to  which  ihe  drew  a 
numerous  concourfe  of  the  moil  diftinguifhed 
pcrfoos  in  the|city.  In  ihefe  affembliet,  of 
three  hourt  each,  ihe  angered,  with  the 
greatefl  clearneft  and  precilion,  to  ell  the 
queftioni  they  put  to  her,  upon  facred  and 
profane  hiftory,  upon  the  Greek,  Latin, 
French,  and  Spanifh  languages.  At  foon  at 
a  book  in  any  of  thefe  four  languages  wat 
opened,  (he  tranflated  from  one  into  the  other 
with  the  utmoft  corre£tnefi,  explained  the 
relation  each  had  to  the  other,  their  genius 
and  idioms.  She  anfwered  to  many  queftions 
upon  cofmography,  geometry, .  and  aftrone- 
zny ;  demoofir^ed  and  explained  the  (ive.ge* 
neral  charten  of  the  world  ;  the  terreftrial, 
celeftial,  and  armillary  fpberet ;  the  cclipfet; 
and  the  Ptolemaic,  Tjrcho  Brahe's,  and  Co- 
pernician  fyftemi.  She  gave  the  moft  ample 
cxplanattont  upon  chronology ;  (he  even  en- 
-^ered  into  a  detail  relative  to  the  dimatet  of 
the  different  countriet  in  Europe,  their  pro- 
dadions,  religion,  mannert  and  cuftomt }  th^ 
forcet  of  dif^rent  powert  of  each  ftate,  of 
which  (he  gave  a  joft  account,  and  made 
luiowa  tlM  eoaibvied  v«loc  with  that  ^ 


fome  ftate  of  defence.     On  the  fide  of  the 
fea  redoubts  were  ercfted,  in  which  the  rulet 
of  military  architefturc   were  obfervcd  j  be- 
hind    thofc    redoubta    that    defended    the 
eotrance    of    the    place,    which,    -Indeed, 
d^fcrves  only    the  name  of  a  village,   are 
two    other    principal    redoubts,     both    oa 
an    devated  ground,    at    about  a  mufket 
(hot  diftancc  from  the  others,  and  which 
form   the  figure  of  two  iflandt;    betweea 
thefe  iflands  it  a  ftraight  ditch  with  a  draw- 
bridge, by  which  means  the  redoubts  com- 
municate one  with  another}  the  firft  ad- 
vances a  little  towards  the  land,  and  ftretchea 
on  both  fides  along  the  fea,  but  the  other 
projefts  farther  into  it:  It  wat  on  this  rc^ 
doubt  that  the  French  made  their  laft,  but 
unlucky  attack.  Oa  the  17th  of  this  month, 
they   arrived    with  a  fquadron  of  thirteen 
(h'pt,  men  of  war  and  traofportt,  before  the 
Village,  and  approached  the  two  fmall  iflaode 
in  three  divifions ;  the  firft  was  to  dired  the 
whole  attack  above  the  toWer,  whilfl  the 
fecond  was  to  take  poffcffion  of  the  fmalt 
bridge  of  communication  j    the  third   ha4 
orders  to  come  forwards,  and  to  take  a  pott 
between  the  two  iftandi  and  the  village.  Al- 
though the  French  met  with  great  difficultiea 
in  the  execution  of  their  enterpriae,  never* 
thdefs  they  feemed  to  be  ftrongly  determined 
to  penetrate  farthers  they  got  as  far 'as  the 
village,  and  the  redoubt  adjacent  to  the  fea'| 
they  there  made  a   btiik   attack ;   but  our 
men,    animated  with  an  intrepid  courage, 
gave  them  fuch  a  fmart  and  continual  fire, 
that  after  a  bloody  engagement,  which  lafle4 
two   hours,  eur  troops,  affifted  by*the  inha- 
bitants of  the  village,  forced  the  enemy  to  re- 
tire, and  return  on  board  their  veffels.     They 
had,  in  their  retreat,   many  fold^ers  killdd 
and  drowned.   Their  lofs  is  reputed  to  be  900 
men,    either  killed  or  wounded.      Among 
the  troops  which  had  embarked  on  that  expe* 
dition,  the  rcyal  Italian  regiment  hat  fofTered 
moft.     The  number  of  the  grenadien  of  the 
eld  miiint  is  csafUcrably  diznintihcd  %  end 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC  •       ^ 


^lo         FOREIGN 

*iie  regiment  oT  TouroeHs  is  almo/t  tntirclj 
dcliroyed.  It  is  faid  tbar,  in  order  to  make 
•  divetfion,  fhe  fufiliert  of  thofe  two  regi- 
mentt  were,  conjointly  with  the  gatriibn  of 
CaWiy  to  oodertake  an  expedition  agaiRll 
Itummioy  but  at  noparticulari  are  come  irom 
thence,  it  if  much  doubted  whether  fuch  ao 
expedition  has  taken  place.  It  it  more  certain 
that  two  new  battel  loni  Of  French  troopi  are 
arrived  at  Calvi.  General  Paoii  hai  I'o  well 
provided  for  IHola  Roffa*  that  no  furprif  e  it 
henceforth  to  be  feared*  Many  brave  offi- 
ceify  who.  It  their  own  expence,  recruit 
men  for  the  defence  of  the  common  caufe, 
come  every  day  to  offer  their  fervlcea  to  the 
genera],  who  it  in  no  want  of  money.  A 
great  many  Englifh  lordt,  who  take  a  great 
interefl  in  our  welfare,  are  continually  giv- 
ing ut  freih  proofs  of  their  munificence :  Every 
now  and  then  fome  of  them  repair  to  our 
chief;  and  Lord  Pembroke,  who  it  much 
attached  to  him,  it  now  in  this  ifland.** 

Fontaioebleau,  0£l  26.  The  king  of 
Denmark  arrived  here  the  day  before  ycfter- 
day,  about  five  in  the  evening,  and  alighted 
■t  the  aparcment  prepared  for  him  in  the 
caftle :  Soon  after,  hit  Danish  majeily,  ac- 
companied by  the  noblemen  of  his  retinue, 
the  Duke  de  Duras.  and  the  Duke  de  Choi-^ 
feuj,  vifited  the  king,  and  afterwards  the 
Pauphin»  with  whom  were  the  Count  ds 
Provence  and  the  Count  d^Anois.  On  hit 
return  to  hit  apartment,  feveral  noblemen 
belonging  to  the  court  were  prefented  to  him ; 
and  about  eight  o'clock  hit  Daniih  majefij 
went  to  flip  wkh  the  king. 

fThecouit  of  Fraou  and  the  nobility  invent 
evtfy  amufement  to  entertain  hit  Dani(h 
majefty,  who  very  curioufly  viewt  their  ma- 
nufadoriffl,  buildings,  and  feminaries  of 
learning,  but  it  ii  f^id  kit  (lay  in  that  king- 
dom will  be  ihorter  than  was  exped^ed.J 

Parit,  0£t.  28.  An  arret  of  the  council  of 
Hate  wai  publi(hed  the  19th  of  September, 
which  dire£tt  that  no  duties  (hall  be  received 
for  the  future  00  corn  and  Hour  brought  into 
Chit  kingdom* 

Parit,  Nov.  II.  The  hft  advices  from 
Corfica  import,  that  the  Sieur  Pafchal  Paoli 
having  lign>fied  by  a  writing  that  he  was 
ready  to  make  an  exchange  of  prifoners  of 
war,  the  Marquis  dc  Chauvclin  reje£led  this 
propofal,  at  made  by  a  man  whom  he  could 
not  acknowledge  at  having  a  legal  power  fo 
to  do)  and  that  he  infids  on  the  nation  ap- 
pointing and  authorizing  depytiet  to  treat  on 
this  object  with  thofe  that  he  ihall  nominate 
QS\  hit  fide. 

According  to  the  f*mc  letters,  the  Count 
4e  Marbeuf,  who  hath  been  lately  advanced 
to  the  rank  of  lieutenant  general,  is  not  yet 
cured  of  the  wouud  which  he  received  in  the 
action  at  Borgo. 

Bayonne,  Nov.  a 6.  We  have  had  a  vio- 
Hnt  llorm  for  fome  days  pait,  which  hat 
^OAC  gccac  damage  upon  this  coaft.    The 


AFFAIRS.        App; 

Adour  and  the  Nive  have  overflowed  their 
bankt.and  laid  thenelghbouriog  conairj  undtf 
water.  The  fea  hai  broke  into  the  town  of 
St.  John  de  Luz,  and  defbo/cd  fevcrai  booih 
there. 

Paris,  Dec.  11.  The  King  of  Demnark 
fat  out  from  hence  the  9tk  in&.  on  hit  re- 
turn to  hit  own  domioiom. 

Hague,  Oa.  25.  Thit  mommg,  aboet 
Bine  o'clock,  the  Pnncefi  of  Nafiku-Wcil- 
bourg  wat  happily  brought  to- bed  of  a  prince 
[who  hat  been  baptized  bj  the  tiAm»  of  Fre« 
dericWiiliam.J 

We  lesrn  by  letters  from  Germany,  that 
Louis  the  8th,  the  rcigntag  Land^r^ve  of 
Heffc-Darmdidt,  ficld-marflnlgcnerAl  of 
the  imperial  troops,  died  at  Darmflact  the 
17th  inftant,  in'thc  jSth  year  of  his  age. 


B— KR— TS. 
CAMUEL  Normtn,  John  Jooea,   and  Simud  Haf- 
•-'    rell.  of  Wea  Cowcs  in  Hie  ifle  of  Wight,  tuu* 
chsnts  and  copartners. 

ionathan  Smith,  of  Mold  in  FUntihire,  flkopfceeper. 
tenj  Collet,  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  bofier 
John  Baker  and  Andrew  Peartoa,  of  S:.  Clement 

Danes,  coal-mcrcbtnts,  Ii|rhtermen  and  partaers. 
And.  Pearfon,  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  coaJ-tncrchaitt. 
Geo.  Choat,  of  St.  Luke«(i«  Old-ftreet,  baker. 
Ifaac  Johnfon,  of  Liverpool,  cooper. 
John  Baker,  of  St.  Cleoieot  Dane*,  coil-mervbinf^ 
Mofes  Benjamin,  of  Whttechapelroad,  Alvcrtimth, 

jeweller  and  toyman. 
William  Martin,  and  John  Twycro(s,  of  CoSeiaaa- 

ftreet,  London,  hofiers  and  late  copertaert. 
JohnHoghton,  of  Norwich,  butter- metcbaot. 
VVilUani  Slngler,  of  South* Audley-lUeec,  bookftUcc 

and  ftationer. 
Thomas  Withers,    of  Briftol,    tobaccoftift  aad 

fnur- maker. 

iohn  Banyard,  of  Colnbrooke,  apothecsry. 
Lichard  Darke,  of  Bedford  areet,  apbolfcrer. 
George  Rook,  of  Biddcftn-d,  timber-mercbant. 
Stanhope  Maion,  )un.  of  Liverpool,  woileo-draper* 
John  Rteby,  of  KerlaU  io  Laacaihtre,  wbitfter. 
Joicph  Pearce.  of  Lymingtoo,  (pocer. 
Jeremiah  Uodgett  Fox,  of  Pantoo-Oreec,   liBe»> 

draper. 
WiiUam  Hoggins,  of  St.  Martin  in  the  Fields,  bofier. 
Ifaac  Johnfoo,  of  Liverpool,  cooper. 

ioha  paker,  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  coal-merchanc. 
lores  Benjamin,  of  Whttcchappel,  filvertmirb. 
John  Smee,  of  Hackney,  coach  and  cotcb  baracfit 

maker. 
Stephe.i  Bagfhaw,  of  Deptford,  merchant. 
Henry  Sneiiuig,  ofReadmfr.  linen-draper. 
Stephen  Taskor,  of  the  CliSb  near  Lewes  in  Sutfex, 

batinalcer. 
Samuel  Dixon,  of  St  BrideX  fcrlveaer. 
Tho.  Buttei field,  of  St.  Margaret    Weftmiater* 

broker. 
John  Twycrofs,  of  Lawrence- Poultne^  lane,  Loe- 

don,  and  George  Hall,  of  Nottingbam,    boaera 

and  late  copartners. 
John  Macculoch  and  Robert  Macculloeb,  of  Smy* 

thieiane,  London,  roerchanrs  and  partners. 
Edw. Meade,  of  Feochurch-ftreec,  London,  ascJoacr* 
Sumuel  £d wards,  of  Frjday  ftreet,  tayior. 
Thonus  Manning,  of  Berkeley' in  Gtoticefterflifre» 

tanner. 
Sam.  Sedgley,  Wm  Hilhoufe,   and  Wa  Raadolpli. 

of  Briftol,  merchants  and  partners. 
Philip  Jonas,  of  Macclesfield-Areet.  Soto^tuerchMmtt 
John  Twycrois,  of  LaureocePoaotney  Lane,  n»cr- 

chant.  J. 

Ilaac  Twycrofs,  of  WarwiclE,  and  John  Twycr^, 

above,  mert-banrs  and  partners. 
John  Hean,  of  EaftbOurne  In  Suftx,  Innbblder. 
FenwickStow.  of  Berwick  upoe  Tweed,  merd^ast. 
WlUlani  Mitchell,  of  Poole,  corawainer. . 
Wm  Willismfon.  of  StoneySrratford  linto-4raper» 
Richard  Maion.  of  New  Bond  ftreet,  ieonamtifer. 
Jacob  Levy,  of  Poor-J  ewry -iaae,  mcrcbaat. ^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


768; 


BANKRUPTS. 


7'« 


imet  Tcntt,  of  St.  Mtrtla  io  the  Fieldt,  ipotbe- 

cary. 

ha  Radford,  of  Denmirk-court  ia  the  Strand, 

merchant. 

>hert  Fryer,  tod  Ralph  Fryer,  orOuOdhtU-yatd, 

ttpholderfl  ynd  panneri. 

hn  Gaunt,  of  Wood-ftreet,  innholder. 

otiet  Marden,  of  Hackney,  grocer. 

ho-FfederIck  Wever,  of  K»le  End,  merchant. 

iroard  Levy*  of  Vine  Rreet,  minoriea.  merchant. 

^mjaekloo,  of  North  Shielda,  merchant. 

Iw.  Robarta,  of  the  Minorlet,  Uoen-draper. 

'^UUam  Bailey,  of  Great  Ryfti  Rreet,  cotUmer- 

chant, 
mry  Saloroone,  of  Audla  friara,  broker. 
hn  Martin,  of  Hearne  in  Kent,  mariner, 
hn  Gridla  Grant,  oC  Avebory  la  Wlita,  dcikr  lA 


jthbert  Brooktbank,  of  Burton  In  Loafdale,  rork- 
(hlre,  tobbaccooiA. 

uthbert  Harrilbn,  of  St.  MartlaH  le  Grand,  ha- 
berdaftier. 

In).  Brifgt,  of  Liverpool,  Uaea^rapcr  apd  ha- 
berdafher. 

>hn  TvrcUa,  of  Nag*s  head  court,  Clemeara-laact 
hofier. 

aior  Lyase,  of  Weftminier,  vlnter. 
enry  Thomproa,  of  St.  Mary  le  Boone,  'carpcater 
and  ballder. 

bo.  Undilee,  of  Lambeth,  patter. 
tUa  Lazeroa,  of  Billiterlane,  jeweller, 
aal  Hirdy,  of  Warwick-lane,  currier  and  letthcr- 
feller. 

imet  Peddea,  of  Maiden-lane,  taytor^ 
>hn  Lemon,  of  Poole,  oierchant. 
/mManoiiif,  of MinchinHampton,  clothier, 
ho.  Tonf  ue,  of  SL  Mary  le  Bonne,  tockitaiitli. 
/illlsm  Barber,  of  Coveatry,  grocer.  ^ 

imea  Reid  and  Tho.  Stevena,  of  strood  in  Olea- 
ceftcrfhlre,  dothi^rt  and  p^tnera. 
/m  Martin,  of  Coleman  flreet,  hoSer. 
imea  LovdU  of  St.  Mary  le  Bonne,  canrcr  and 
mafon. 

obert  Beanett,  of  St.  Cathariae^t,  baker. 
yon  Levi  and  Levi  Bmcharach,  of  Loadoa,  owr- 
chaata  and  copartnera. 

raacTwycrolk,  of  Lavrrence  POaltney-Iaoe,  Lon- 
don, merchaot. 

amea  WooUey,  of  Brome%roire,  hop  merchant, 
amea  Pink,  of  Leiceftef,  drogtift. 
Ikanah  lloyle,  of  Ovcndea  in  YorkflOre,  flialloon- 


[enry  Bowkcr,  of  Hertford*  vintner  and  Innholder. 
ofepo  Price,  of  Wolverhampton  timber-merchant. 
*ho.  Andrewa,  of  Deptford,  potter. 
Jchard  Cooper,  of  Nottingham,  batcher, 
ohn  Johnibn,  of  Liverpool,  baker. 
*ho.  Bullock,  of  Lodgate-hlli,  hofier. 
Jchard  Oliver,  of  Scarborough,  fadler. 
»eborah  CoUet  and  John  Blrtiea,  of  PrlacM  Street, 

Moorflakia,  ilk-weavera  and  copartnera. 
ohn  IClnc,  of  ShadweU.  faiWrnal^er 
Lich.  Botier,  of  Shorter*a-coart,  merchant, 
ohn  Hit,  of  Coleman-Street,  merchant, 
oho  Sparrye,  of  Worcefter.  ladler. 
^ho.  Elderfield,  of  WaUingford,  erocer. 
ohn  Cox,  of  St.  Michael*!  Alley,  Itatter. 
.evy  Wolf,  of  Camomile  ftreet,  merchaat. 
*bo.  Neale,  of  Marybone,  ballder. 
amea  Meynel  and  John  Chip&a,  of  Qoeea-ilreet» 

Portland  Chapel,  bulldera. 
4atthew  Mills,  of  Minchinhampton,  clothier, 
ibraham  Ma^ahod,  of  London,  merchant, 
rho.  Bullock  and  John  Taylor,  of  Ladgate-hiDt 
hofiera  and  partner*. 

lohn  Raoaforth,  of  Wallbrook,  ophoiaerer* 
ohn  Barrel!,  of  London,  merchant, 
rho.  Deody,  of  Hoifham,  Oiopkeeper. 
[amea  Grant,  of  Souihwark,  dealer. 
Seorge  Wrench,  of  Heron-gate.  Eflbx,  (hopkeeper, 
ames  Linton,  of  Braintree   linen-draper, 
fohn  Wife,  of  Farnham.  wherlwHght. 
lohn  Field,  of  Chertfej-bridge.  coal-merchant, 
rho.  Jordan,  tun.  of  Cheltenham,  harcher. 
lohn  Hill,  of  Muvford-court,  MUk-ftreet,  ware- 

hottfeman. 
Uchard  Sedgwick,  of  Blfliopf^te-ftrcet,  grocer, 
[ohn  Miller,  of  ShadweU,  cirpenter. 
l¥iniam  Bunting,  ofHolbom,  grocer. 
lamcaPortIf,  of  Panerat-Iaoe,  merchant, 
[of  Duncan,  of  Doncafter,  hofier  and  linen  draper. 
tUch.  Burgee,  of  Upper  Moorielda,  wearer. 
APP.  17«» 


Richard  Whottall,  of  Wardoor-ftreet,  wheel-wrighr 
Frandi  Bowman,  of  Wrft-Horiley.  miller. 
Tho.  South,  of  Thamecftreet,  flopfeller. 
Hennjjacobt,  of  OarkcU- court,  BUhop%ate-arect, 

Iplwschellliiier,  of  Piccadilly,  linea^ltaper. 

Tho.  Rkhbeff,  of  Portfea,  mercer. 

Tames  Qark,  of  Fater-nofter.row,  watch-maker. 

Maria  Therdh,  Wiaaarran,  of  Howard-ftreet,  mer- 
chant. 

Samuel  Joynea,  of  RofleUftreet,  hofier. 

Peter  Leay,  ofWeA-Smithfidd,  haberdafher. 

John  Forecaft,  and  Daniel  Fenett,  of  Siaughter- 
llreet,  Bethnal-Grecn,  weaveri,  liamefMBakera, 
enteters,  and  partnera. 

Edw.  Coldney,  of  Watlfng-ftreet,  ftatfoner. 

Matthew  GrayAon,  of  Woodbridge,  carpenter  aad 
joiner. 

JoTeph  Pearfon,  of  Blackwail,  dealer. 

David  Stubiey,  of  Good-nno*i  fields.  ophoUer. 

John  Badger,  of  Old  Swioford  ia  WorcefterOifre, 
fcythe-fmith.  , 

LMs  Heme,  of  Alderfgate^llrect,  goklfmlth. 

iohn  PhllHpa,  of  Liverpool,  bookfeller  and  ilatloner . 
ilas  Jopling,  of  Waltham-Abbey,  Eflte,  carpenter. 

JofephHewan,  of  York,  haberdaiher  ofhata  and 
leatherftUer. 

Wm  GrindalL,  and  Mofra  Alexander,  of  Pftncraa* 
lane,  warehouferoeo  and  copartners. 

John  Drover,  of  St.  Clement  Danea,  viaualler. 

John  Alefbunder,  of  Homertoo,  builder. 

George  Gawood,  of  St.  Dunilaa  lathe  Weft,  hat- 
dyer. 

janies  Wilibn,  of  Deptford«  peruke-maker  and 
dealer  in  rums  and  brandies. 

Jalin  Hoot,  of  Norwich,  baker. 

Daniel  Middleton,  of  the  Minorles,  ftattoner. 

John  Beaumont,  of  Leadenhall-ilreet,  vintner. 

Wm  Noiria,  of  BeU-yard,  Graoechorch-ftrcet,  mer- 
chant. 

Joieph  Longchamp,  Qf  St.  George,  Hanover-fquaVe, 
vlAualter. 

Richard  Hodgfon,  of  Graceciharch-ftreet,  haber^ 
dafher. 

Francis  Smith,  of  Akigate  High-flreet,  dealer. 

William  logman,  of  St.,  George,  Hanover- fuaarc. 
mafon  and  builder. 

WiUiam  Harrifon,  of  Marybone,  baker. 

Oeoree  WUliama,  of  Briaol,  cooper  and  vinegar 

Thoinaa  Worfdcll,  of  Devlzea,  nurferyman  aa4 


T&i 


Bmaa  Weftoo,  oT  Wallericote  in  Chefliire,  dealer. 
John  Olive,    of  Frome-Selwood,  Somerfetihira, 

John  i>enton,  and  John  Holder,  of  St.  Pancrafa 

carpentera  and  copartners. 
Rob.  Speacer,  of  Maryboof,  carpenter. 
WiUiam  Lancafter,  or  Penrith,  mercer. 
John  Downes,  of  Hoxton.  watehOiaker. 
William  Wlittom,  of  Soathamptoo,  miller  and 

mealman. 
Cha.  Crofter,  of  London,  merchant. 
Bent.  Wllttama,  of  Iflingtoo,  carpenter. 
WiUiam  Smith,  of  Watford,  comchaadler. 
Joieph  Cleaveland,  of  Cirenceiler,  and  Matt.  MiUa. 

of  Minchin  Hampton,  ctothiera  and  partners. 
Jofeph  Towfe,    of  Knoule-Green,   near  Suinea, 

former. 
Lazeroa  Levy,  of  Carter-greet.  Hoandfilltch,  dealer. 
Jamea  Warne,  of  St.Pancrss,  London,  watchmaker. 
Ifaiah  Samuel,  of  Plymottth,  filverfmith. 
William  Lavender,  of  Brifiol,  faAor. 
Jofeph  Aftey,  of  St.  Luke,  Middlefox.  bricklayer. 
Stephen  Hayea.  and  George  Campbell,  jun.  of  Ll- 

verpoole,  merclunts  and  copartpers. 
Morris  Jonea,  of Roiiemarylane,   uyfor  and falef* 

man. 
Tho.  Auftin,  of  LoogtAcre,  oilman, 
Sam  I>avis,  of  tlie  Mlnorie«,  dealer. 
Abraham  Jacob  Oranlbourgh,  of  Goodman's  Field*, 

and  Richard  Akfd.  of  Leeds,  dealeraand  partners. 
George Tra veil,  of  Eaft.ftreet.  carpenter  and  buUder« 
Zephiniah  Kiniley,  of  Briftol.  Unea  draper. 
Jacob  PhiUlps,  of  Lemon-Areet,  merchant. 
John  dark,  of  Winilow,  carrier. 
James  Copeland,  of  Upper  Thamea  ftreet,  chr efe- 

monger. 
,  Ch.  Runnington,  of  Peterflism  in  Surry,  vintner. 
Timothy  Lewta.  of  Drury  line,  man*s  merrer. 
Robert  otherwiile  Robart  Diplocki  Of  Caft-Qreea- 

wleh,  brcwor, 
4  >  B^J« 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


Monthly  and  Tearly  Bills  of  Mortality, 


712 

Sen).  Smith,  ofBlrminKbltn,  ironmdneerk 

Wm  Wenlock,  of  Greet  Broiuicy  ElTcx,  hlpgW. 

Robert  Leartnoad,  6f  NewcalUe  upon  Tyne,  linen- 
draper. 

tdw.  Bennot,  of  Loabard-ftrect,  Jewdler  and 
goldftailth. 

Eleanor  Haydon,  of  StoJce  DamereU,  haberdaOier 
•f  fmail  wares. 

Jor«ph  Hoiiaod,  of  Noetiiigham«  hofier  and  wool, 
comber. 

Tbo.  Chapman,  of  Croydon,  miller. 

George  Graham,  of  Notton-Fatiare,  grocer. 

John  Riding,  of  St.  GeorKe'fin  theEaft,  lighterman* 

WmH«igh,  of  Nottingham,  tanner. 

Rob.  Rlftv  of  CogglefluU,  baya-aaker. 

Bills    of   Mortality   froa»^  Aognft    23  tt 
Dec.  47. 
CchTaTBKlD.  Buiixo. 

Males 
Femalei  3  _ 

Wheteof  have  died,  ~ 


App. 


.vMM'^^^'^kW 


Under  1  Years    1815 

Becw.  a  a|id  5      859 

5  and  lo   —  30 

10  and  ao  —  359 

%o  and  30   .»  569 

io  and  40  —  §60 

40  aod  50   —  660 

50  and  60   —  5S4 

fo  and  70   *-  4')7 

70  and  80  «—  300 

80  and  90  —  J17  K 

190  and  100—     19 

IQ0  iad  upwardi 

7748 


Within  tbe Walls  $^% 
Witho.  the  WaUi  1714 
Mid.  and  Surry  3829 
City  &  Sub.  WeA  1619 

774« 


Genksal    Bill   0/   «//  tht  Chrifteoincs 
avi  Burtali  im  London  yVosi  Dec.  15, 17679 
^  to  Dec.  1^9  1768. 

Chkxstxnkd.  BtmxEik. 

Males  8321  7    g         Males  12134?   ^^ 
Fcm.  77^5*  ^*  Fem.   11505$  ^^''' 
locreafed  in  the  bonals  this  year  totrf 
Died  under  %  years  old     »     8229 
Between  %  aod  5 
5  —  10 

JO  —  2Q 
20  —  30 
30  —  40 
40  —  50 
50  —  60 
60  —  70 
70—80 
80  —  90 

)  ^o  —  100 
too 
lot 

JOB 


*4** 

t^ 

«74 
19x0 
215S 
BI9S 

171* 

J097 

47' 

71 

I 
a 
s 


T74S 


WheaUa  Peck  W,  wt.  17  lb,  6  09.  ^t» 


»3«39 


CQtXB.SE  o/EXCHANCi; 

London,  Dec.  27,  1768. 


Amfterdain,34  9  Uf. 
Ditto  at  fight,  34  4 
RoCterd.  34  9 
Antwerp,  No  price 
Hamburgh,  3  3  52} 
Paris,  iday^s  dace,  31 1 
Ditto  2.Ur.  30  I 
Bourdeaax  ditto,  31  } 
Cadi*,  39  i 

Prices  of  Gold  Bikd  Silter. 
Gold,  in  Coin  per  os.   3 1.  X9S.  8d. 


Madrid,  39} 
Bilboa,    39  I* 
Leghorn  50 
Genoa,  48  a  4S  { 
Venice,   51 
Li(bon,  5s.  6d  \ 
Porto,^5S.  ^d  4 
DabUn,  8  ^ 


Ditto  in  bars 
PU.  pes.  of  eight. 
Ditto  (mall,  • 
Mexico,  large 
Ditto  fmall, 
Silftr  in  btrt  fian^t 


?' 


w.  8d. 
5s.  6<l. 
5s.  6d. 
cs.  6d. 
5s.  64. 


l^^%^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


NDEX  /^/i^ Parliamentary  History,  /^/i^ Essays, 
Politicks,  Domfftkk  and  F^c^r^/g-^ Occurrences, C^r.  1767* 


A. 
A  BSENT  MAN,  charaacf  of  125 

^  Accidents     5^^  116^  12S,   330,  383, 

44»»  557*  ^06 
ckworth,  innual  gueftt   of  the  re^r  of 

165 
cres,  number  of,  in  Englind,  Wales,  and 
Ireland  500 

£ls  pafTed  116,  164,  S79,  669,  670. 

ddrefs  of  both  houfet  of  the  new  parlia. 
nient  279.     King*s  anfwer  ihid* 

ddrefs  to  ihe  liverymen  of  Londto  4 — 6 
ddreffes,  various  557 

dvertlfements,  very  fatiricsl  onei  543 
.frica,  Venus,  Wilding,  feiaed  tn  the 
coaft  of  165.     Tranfa^tions  in  442 

.frican  Committee,  for  London  ^  i ' 

ge,  remarkable  in  (lances  of  16$. 

gricuhurc,  ftate  of,  in  France     645—647 
.^rimony^  preparation  of,  for  the  cure  pf 
the  jaundice,  and  other  diforders  of  the 
liver  648 

Jlen  Mr.  junior,  murdered  277.  Trial 
and  acquittal  of  his  murderer  416— -428. 
Remarks  418 

Jterations  iu  the  li(l  of  parliament.  See 
New  Memiersin  the  Jndix  ofNamti 
imerica,  remarks  on  the  defigned  treat- 
ment of  428—430.  See  B^jjivii,  New 
England,  Commotions  in  various  parts 
•f  608.  Exports  to  and  imports  from 
the  continent  of ;  for  five  ycar^  670 

Linherft,  Sir  Jeffery,  account  of  his  difmif-^ 
lion,  pro  and  cpn,  with  remark*  483^ 
/84.     Famous  letter  to  him  692 

Lndxew  Marvel  defended  3^9 

Lnimai  creation,     pbilofuphical  £urvey  of 

Inimal,  uncommon  one  defcribed  657 

inticofti,  id  and  of,  defcribed  133 

Ipology,  a  juil  and  neceiTary  one,  for  a 
p^ptr  fotfied  into  the  Lond.  Mag.  128 

ipf>ejl,  author  of,  his  ftate  of  his  contro- 
verfy,  &c.  180—182,  241-243.  Letter 
to  him  365.  ^  fiq.  His  anfwer  480^483. 
Reply  to  him  681— ^83 

Vrms,  origin  of  bearing  612 

Vrrbur,  curious  hiftorical  anecdotes  gf  the 
family  of  631—633 

\.rt8,  royal  academy  of,  eftablifhed      66S,  9 
Vfccnfion-body  of  Chrift,  query  relative  to 
^jo.     Anfwer  thereto  57»""573 

Vflizcs  165,  228,  383,  442,  557 

Vi ylum»  fcaft  of  ^  325 

Attachment  and   information,    of  proceed- 
ings by  612 
Vvarice  if)  age,  and  prodigality  in   youtl^, 
excellent  reticctioos  on               653"^55 

B. 

BALSAM,  an  excellent  reftringent  one 
529 
UUimorCy    lord,    tried  ar^  acquitted  16,. 


Impartial  hiftory  of  his  profecution,  &c* 

215—210.     Memoirs  of  his  famUy    28] 

Bank-bills,  conterfeitiid  i«  Scotland         500 

Bank  of  Englaad,  govcraots  and  diredors  of 

Barbadoes,  CMiftitution  of  416—41^ 

Baretti,  his  remarks  on  Sharp^s  account  of 

Xuly  I57^i59<    Animadverfions  thercoa 

Barnard,  governor,  earl  of  Shelburae  a  let^ 

ter  to,    and  his  fpeech  to  the  allembly 

thereop   306 -•sc^.      See    Eofliu     Netm 

England,     Petition  againU  him  •  544 

Barrennefs,  cure  for  68^ 

Bat,  natural  hiftory  of  361^ 

Be«fl,  method  to  take  their  wax  %nd  Kpoejf, 

without    deftroying     them     314.   ^Mt. 

Wildman*s  management    of>  them   S'^- 

Hive,  in  a  human  flcuU  509 

Beguinages,  utility  of  66^ 

Benevento,  a  papal  territory^  feised  by  the 

King  of  Naples  232 

Bengal,  heat  of  the  weather  at,    ia  1765^ 

Berlin,  weather  at  119 

Berne,  ftrange  fanaticks  at  614 

Bieifield,  baron  his  excellent  letter  ta  the 
Marquis  D'Argrcs  59f 

Bing'e)',  Mr.  committed  to  Newgate  326. 
Admitted  to  bail '441.  Sunenders  in  dif* 
charge  of  his  bail,  and  fent  to  the  King's 
Bench  6o€ 

Birmingham^  French  prafkifei  tt  87 

Births,  marriages,  and  burials,  in  feveial 
cities,  &c.  at  home  and  abroad  239 

Black-Friars-bridg<;,    opened    as   a  bridles- 
way  ( Q7 
Black bume,  Rev.   Mr.  extrai£t  fiom  his  ex- 
cellent conGderations.  on  the  controverfy 
with  the  papifts                          360  ^fif^ 
Bl^nheim-hpul*e  dd'crlbcd              '93'^ '95 
BlindruCs  cured  by  the  ^11  of  a  barbel  384 
Boarding  Schools,  mctdcrn,  juAly  fatirized 

Bookfellers,  fined  and  imprifoncd  for  felling 

the  North-Britons  607.  Sec  Bingley, 
BoAon,  reiblves  of  the  afTcmbly  at  229. 
Their  letter  to  the  earl  of  Shclburnc,  and 
remoufhancc  355,  356,  Seizure  and 
riot  at  383.  See  A'rw/  Errgknd,  True 
acrount  of  that  feirore  422.  Tran  Tac- 
tions confequent  thereto  423— '426.  Go- 
vernor's meflage  to  the  auembly  to  re- 
fcind  a  refolution  439.  Which  they 
refufe  and  are  diiTolved  440*  Letter  froru 
th  late  fpeaker  of  it  to  the  agent  456. 
Refoluti.  OS  of  the  inhibitantx  of  5^1. 
Cavalcade  at  542.  Petition  of  the  late 
alTembly  againft  Barnard  .44.  Further 
prQCccdin|s  at  5S1— 5S5.  Trocps,  ^'c. 
arrive  there  6c8,  609.  Furth!?r  pro. 
ccedingfi  q(  the  goverprotnt  and  the  in^ 
habitants  6S4— <;9_ 

4X2  Bguaty 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I  H  D  E  X  ta  ibe  Es»ays. 


Bottoty  on  the  exporttdon  of  corn,  remarks 
on  93 

Bow,  '(hocking  murder  it  217 

Brentford,  narrative  of  the  r|ot,tt  657 

The  Britlfli    theatre    59—62,    1 22^x259 

317— 3i9»   339-34>»  45i745*»  507— 
510,  ^63—566,  617—63; 
Broadftreet  Ward  defcnbed  64 

Browniigg,  father  and  fon,  releafed         225 
Bninfwicky  princefs  of,  deUtered  of  a  daugh- 
ter 280 
BrufTelt,  riot  at                                        232 
Brufleli,  a  few  general  Remarks  on^  from 
another  Travellet !  664 
Bugs,  cure  for                                         68  x 
Burialf,  monthlT  account  of  219,  448>558 
General  bill  of                                      666 
Bute,  earl  of,  leaves  the  kingdom          440 
Byron,  qommodore^  extract  from  his  narra- 
tive 239 
C. 

CALEDONIANS,  antient,  critical  difl*er. 
tations  on  45 

C    '■  -n,  lord,  his  fpeech  on  the  fovereign- 

ty  of  Great  Britain  over  the  colonies  88 

—  90 
Camden,  lord,  letter  to,  fromlhe  aiTemhly 

of  MafTachufctt's-Bay  375 

Cambridge  prize  queftions  229 

Camomile,  medicinal  virtues  of  83 

Cancer,  uncommon  cure  for  267 

Candlewick  and  Langbourn  wards  defcvibed 

629 
Canterbury,  account  of  the  archbilhppt  of 

from  the  feftoration  399 

Capital  punifhments,    further  thoughti  on 

235,  639—641 

Carliflei  addrefs  of,  to  it*s  members     142 

Carriages,   rage  for  keeping,   humouioufly 

and  jnftly-  fatiriaed  305 

Csfe,  of  a  ftaftured  rib,  &c.  17 

Celts  (Welch)  obfervationa  on  464 

ChAtn-Pump,  new  one,    died  agalnft    the 

old  one  ^  ^  499 

Changes,    late,  in  the  mioiftry,  accounted 

for  14  &  ftp    True   fiate  oif^    with    a 

tale  in  point  -'       72,  73 

Charles  l*  Mn.  Ma£aoley*s  account  of  his 

going  to  fcite  the  five  memWs  24.    tier 

chara^er  of  him'  623 

Chatham,  lord,  letter  to,  from  the  aiTembly 

of  MalTach  u  fctt's  Bay  40  c 

Chimnies,  method  to  cure  of  foot  i^ 

China,  revoiutions  in  613 

Cl^olic  in  horfes  cured    ^  jj%,  17^. 

CnaoNOLOGza,   remaUldcr  of,    m  t;68. 

S^e  the  ^endix, 
Churchifm,   I'pirit  of  3C9 

Cicuta,  Dr.  Fothergiirs  obTarvationt  on  tne 

cxtrad  of  .75 

-Clergy,  rules  for  them  to  temporiac         29 
Clcrgy*s-/ons  feaft  ^  325 

CoaJ 'heavers,  their  riotous  behavioyr   227, 

2a8>  280,  3«6.     Tried  and  executed  381, 

382.        Account  of  their  trial  4i8-*4ai 

Cock-fightiog  cenfured  343 

Cold- fit  preceding  a  fever,  to  IcfTen         5x9 

Wds  aad  coughs^  Dr.  Taylor's  rcf tpe  for  54 

*.  4 


College  of  phyficiaas,  tany  lliatr  caufa 
againft  the  licentiates  228 

Colonies,  Dickinfon*s  letter  to  the  inlsabi- 
Unts  of  539  ^  54> 

Coluber  CeraileS|  or  homed  viper  ti  £syp<» 
defcnbed  8 

Common-council,  courts  of  225 

Commons,  lift  of  the  hoiife  of  24« 

Complaint  of  a  portnut-painter  493 

Confeflion  of  the  unitarians  faith  471 

ComJ^Jhiistf  ml((akes  pointed  oat  in  -90. 
Defended  bv  Mifo-Baikanoa  143— 145. 
Anfwer  to  him  245—248 

Cooke,  Dr.  of  the  virtues  of  tanfcy  82.  Of 
tbe  medicinal  ufes  of  camomile  {3.  Hie 
method  of  cleaning  chimnies  1^8.  His 
cure  for  the  cholic  in^  hories  ibid.  Hit 
approved  prefcriptions  197.  Of  the  caufci 
of,  and  remedies  for,  the  mortality  amozffi 
infajits  243,  301.  His  remedy  for  a  cou^ 
325.  His  caution  in  regard  to  mo Arooms 
341.  His  method  to  deftroy  vermin  370. 
His  account  of  a  fingnlar  accident 
371.  Come^on  thereof  587.  Of  th^ 
preparationa  of  iron  409.  Of  phyficiaas 
recipes  410.  Of  the  tape  worm  469. 
'  His  anfwer  to  a  query  47J.  Of  the 
nature  and  cure  of  the  croup  519, 
Of  leffiening  the  cold  fit  preceding  a  fe- 
fever  529.  Of  bleeding  in  a  phrensy 
i^d.  His  reftringent  balfam  iUL  Hit 
advice  to  the  poor  585.  His  family  re^ 
cipes^  643.  His  caution  to  furgeons  644. 
His  main  hindrance  of  population  679, 
His  cure  for  bugs  Jrc.  680 

Coppe/coin,  antient,  dog  up  608 

Corn,  importation  of,  condemned  85 

Com,    inflammatory   paragraphs^    Jrc.    re- 
lative to,  condemned  252 
Comhill  ward  defcribed  S4i 
Corfica,  advices  from  120.    Treaty  to  cede 
it  to  the  French  387.    Behaviour  of  the 
Corficans  thereon  ikid.    The  French  laoA 
444.    Operations  in  494.    In  which  the 
French  iuflfer  Severely          559,  560,  6t^ 
Corfica,    reSMikt   on   the    Inte    of  254. 
French  king*s  edid  at  invading  it       569 
Corficans,  -memorial  for  a  cootribvtion  iih 
behalf  of  that  brave  people                  6c ) 
Cmilloos,  inftru£Hons  (qx  tb  em             3W 
Coughs  and  colds,  remedy  for                 325 
Country,  ridiculous  pun£Uliot  in  espoled  ^ca. 
How  put  an  end  to                                ^S% 
Country  Curate,  his  query  on  the  fovfth  <2 
the   thirty-nine    articles    5300    Anfwtf 
thereto                                       57*— 578 
Cqurfe  of  Exchange                                   06% 
Cow,  ilrange  diforder  and  core  of  one     zty 
Croup,  a  catarrh,  nature  and  cure  of     519 
Cumberland  ele£Uon  dofed                      22f 
Curry,    Michael,    bis  affidavit  495.      Ste 

CyruS|  a  tragedy,  account  of,  and  critiaiie 
«a  6x7*619 

D. 

DANTZICK,   Alps  firtm   nad  c»>«Im 
port  tf  in  1767  119 

V9Jf 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


INDEX   to  the  Essays. 


Dtyt  for  lioMing  the  fcffioot  of  peace,  w^ 
quarter  feffont  for  1768  53 

D*  ArgeoSf  MarqoU,  exceUent  letter Co^  mm 
baroo  Bielfield  599 

Detrham,  io  Norfolk,  ioicnptioo  at  3x4 
Dennurl(«  ftrange  cntbofiaftt  in  55.  Qacca 
ot>  delivered  of  a  prince  x  19.  Kins  of, 
CDCouragei  artt  aod  rdeoert  167.  (^een 
of,  appun  abroad  231.  ICiog  of»  icta  oot 
00  hit  travels  331.  Hit  propeiii  therein 
386.  Arrivea  in  Eafland  441.  Hit  pro- 
graft*  vifit  to  the  oaivcrfiuea,  aod  ocber 
ptacea  497.  Sumpruoufly  eatertained  at 
the  manlien- houfe  498,  499.  Givea  a 
Bsi^ed  ball  547.  Ac  the  launching  a  nan 
of  war  556.  fiotertaint  tbe  lord  mayor. 
Ac.  ibid,  Vifitt  Greenwich  ihid.  And 
New-Mar kef^  ihid.  At  a  review  557. 
Freedom  of  London  voted  him,  in  a  gold 
box  ibidm  Sc:s  out  for  France  and  fafely 
ar<ivea  at  C^iaif  ibid 

Depravitj  of  the  age,  one  chief  caeie  of  683 
Derry,  b  fiiop  of,  his  ooble  fehcme  608 

Devil  upon  Two  Stickt,  account  of         318 
Dingley  Mr.  hia  faw  mill  defboyed  %%o 

Difordets  and  riott,  excellent  obfet vatiooa  on 
thepiefcnt  257 

DiftiUed'water;  obfrprationion  186 

Divine  legation.     See  ktier»fn.m  T.  Z^ 
Dolpbin,  her  difcovery  of  a  new  illand,  &c. 
in  the  South -^eaa  32$ 

Draper,  Sir.  William,  infcription  on  the  ce- 
notaph in  hit  garden  153 
Dublin,  proceeding!  at,  in  favour  of  Dr. 
Lucas  329.  Kiot  at  ibid* 
Duckt  of  Iceland  defcribed  352 
DueUeraand  fuicide*,  not  coorage«oi       464 

EARTHQUAKE,  in  Flintfhire  117. 
In   Yorluhirc   329.     At   Liflbon   387. 
Ar  Jamaica  699 

Baft,  lad  a  direAori  chofien  226.  General 
courti  and  aflfjiiri  bf  669 

Eafl-Iodiei,  v  4iory  in  236.  More  focceflea 
in  441,  609 

JUIipfev,  of  1769,  calculated  ^89,  490,  67S. 
Or  the  moon  in  1769  calculated  630 

£le£tricity  and  lightening,,  tbeir  idem  ty 
proved  473  6?  /#f .  Utility  of  elcaric 
condu^Ois  474;  5 

Brnphyfema,  ca^e  of  a  remarkable  one       17 
Entbufialm,  caviat,  againft  3 

$phei.  ii.  3,  explained,  pro  and  con.  4,  91, 
J25>  I9S>  267 
^ton  fchool,  diflurbance  at  607 

£we,  yeans  two  lamba  in  three  weeks     329 
Excommunication,  ihrcwd  remaiki  00  a  veijr 
remarkable  one  649 

Ixecotioos  at  Tyburn   52,  116.  164,  278, 
381,  382,  557,  607, 
Ellewhere  3251  382 

F. 

Fj4  L  S  E  bt/icaty,  account  of  that  favou- 
rite comedy  6.     Stmy  of  51 
Family  Recipes,  a  few  iafc  onea    643,  6^4 
Farmers,  hiR(#  to,  rftalive  to  Ciiwi  and  par- 
injpa                                                   530 


The  fatal  indiflference  395"*39' 

Favourites,  ttbfcrvationt  on  310  &y<^. 

Fever,  to  leiien  the  cold  fit,  preceeding  ic  5 19 

Fires,    53,    54,  i'6,  117,    118,  163.  14, 

i6{,  125,  6,  7,  ,8.    9.    130,  325,  326, 

327,    318,    381,  382.    383,    384,    3S5, 

386,  387»  440,  44»»  »»  3»  4»  4i7»  8,  9» 

.    r  .5?**'  557»  558.    S9>  560 

Flattery  on  the  fair  lex  rebuked  by  a  lady  199 

Fleas,  and  other  vermin,  method  to  deftroy 

371 
Fleet  prifon,  part  of  it  falls  down  441 

Floods  and  inoodatioDs  117,  496,  557,' 608 
Florence,  dreadful  accident  at  c$ 

FOREIGN  AFFAIRS,   r..mainder  of,    for 

1768.     See  the  Afpeidix. 
Fothergill,  Dr.  his  obfervationa  on  the  ex- 


trad  of  the  cicura 


75 


Fractured  rib«  and  ren>arkab!e  emphyfema, 
cade  of  xy 

Fiance,  ftate  of  agticuhure  in  645—647. 
Conje£tores  on  a  future  war  with         673 

France,  adviccafrom  232,  J31,  504,  560 
FhTnomcoon  in  387.  Queen  of,  oiec,  ibtd, 
Edid  of  the  k  ingot,  lelaiivc  toCorfica  560 

Freeholder,  eomplaint  of  one }  with  a  cafe 
in  point  587—589 

French,  their  vanity  and  folly  expoled  21. 
Far  from  being  poltte  145.  A  (ourt  en- 
tertainment of  263.  Paltry  pageantry  of  40W 

Frenzy,  remedies  for  ^^ 

Friends  of  religion  pointed  out  %% 

Frtlcurs,  humourous  difpute  of  two,  at  Dub- 
lin 3^6 

Froft,  fevere  one  53,  ^ 

O. 

GALL- bladder  concretions^  in  cur^d 
454 
Geneva,  advice  fro  an  xio.     Peace  reftored 

in  ]68 

Germany,  advices  frpm  120,  j86,  5 '4,  55^ 
Cibrtn  the  attorney,  pronouncid  guiiyuy 

the  judges  53.     Exettfied  16^ 

Gil  iilts,  anecdote  or  the  author  of  yy 

Gillam,  juilice,  his  trial  lor  sue  murder  of 

Kcobuxo  362 

Girl,  from  Hexham,  her  iingular  adtentures 

in  France  607 

Glynn,  Mr.  Seijeant,  hit  fpiritcd  addrefs  on 

tbe  rTot  at  Breottord  6 58 

Good  natuied  m«n,  cistique  on  that  comedy  59 

,  Grain  prices  of  2,  ^%,  122.  170,  234,182, 

33*>  394>  450*  5«^^»  56i»  616 
Grants  for  1768  515  —  519 

Great  lawyer,  fpeerh  of  one,  at  the  reverUi 

of  an  outlawry  367.     .^ee  fVi/hs 
Creeks.   1800,  aiiivc  at  St.  Augullioe  5CO 
MiK  ny,  but  are  que  led  609 

Green,  John.     Stt  oalbea^'ers. 
Grimani,  M^dam,  bcr  lad  c*Cafiro^he      120 
H. 

HADDOCKS,  immenfc  quantity  taken 
«»7 
Hamil  0.1,  Mr.  b^s  accou  t  of  ihs   eruption 

of  Muuo:  Vefuvioi  xc4.  See  ytfuwiu, 
HacDilton,    Mr.    his   ornamental  p^rk.    at 
CgbhAm,  dcfcr.bci  2;9  (sTfij. 

Hafley, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


INDEX    to  a>e    Essays, 


H  rlef .  Tho.  lord  oujor,  fwor  a  of  the  privy- 
council  325 
Harrif,  Mr.  hb  propoficiooi  to  Mr.  Colman 

34J 
KarrcA-moon,  cunooi  calcolatioD  to  explain 

485»  4*^ 

Head-dreiTei.    Sec  Ladiu, 

Heberdct>  Dr.  hif  remarkf  on  the  pump  wa« 

tcr  of  London,  Ac.  l8i«-iS6 

Herrings,  how  rendertd  plencifnl  557.     See 

Mackret 
Hill,  Dr.  hif  preparation  of  agrimooy,  for 
the  jaundice  and  other  difordeit  of  the  lirer 

648 
Hiflorical  aneedotea  of  the  familjf  of  Arthur 

631 
Htftory  of  the  (izth  feflion  of  the  iirh  par- 
liament^of  Great-Britain  9'»i4>  65—69, 
J77-.180,  »89— 296,  i45-^3?9»  40»— 
^o4t  457— 4.to.  Hi  •♦cry  of  the  fcvcnth 
leflion  thereof  460— 462, 5»3— 5'9'  5^9"" 

571 

Hiilory  of  the  Uim  OAeonial  bill  131 

Hulkamboufe,  with  ui  g^rdena  tad  paint* 

inga  defcrtbed  30^S4 

Holland,  luccefa  of  in  the  whale,  fifhery    560 

Horfe-cbefnttt,  managemenc  and  u(es  of  531 

Hofpiult,  city,  ftate  of  228 

Houghton-hailt  With  iu  paintingti  &c.  de- 

fcribed  69 

Houi^  of  Cotnmonf ,  liA  of  240 

Hunting,  royal,  in  France  269 

Htiichinton'a  remarkf  on  the  trade  of  MaiTa- 

chufettt-bay  1^8-192 

liuxham.  Dr.  hii  letter  on  cmphyfeinatous 

cafe*  17 

The  Hypocrite,  accooot  of«  and  critique  on 

563—566 

'    I. 

j|  A  M  E  S  0 19^  George,  a  Scott  painter,  an- 

J     ccdotet  of  76 

Jane  Sborr, ,  her  cafe  1 07 

IcelaDd,  duckaof,  delcribed  352 

lefuitt,  expelled  Paraguay  io8 

ig«atiua  Lojala,  chara£ter  of  81—83 

Improrementa,  humourous  and  fatiricai  pru- 

psfal  (or  23 

Incendiariet  319,  441 

Indian,  boat^  magnificent  one  defcti bed    546 

Indiana,  war  between  383 

Infant!}    caufei  of,    and  remadiea   for,  the 

mortality  among        243—2^6,  3«i— 3C2 

Inn«,  public,  fcheme  to  regulate  giving  vaila 

.  at  37*     Chara6Ur.of  fereral  principal  onet 

30^ 
Inoculation.     See  Svt'cn, 
Inflance,  lively,  Of  the  mutability  of  fortune 

InflruAiont  to  repre'^entativet    to   lerve   in 
parliament,  elected  in  176:5,        269-— 273 
Inundation,  a  remarkable  :  ne  49O 

Ireland,  addrefi  ot  the  boufe  of  commonf,  in, 
to  the  lord  |teut.  118.  A£^  for  limiJng 
Ibe  di^ration  of  pirliamenU  in  14  .  See 
O(intn:ol hill.  PArliamentaiy  proceedinga 
in   258^259.    Speech  of  the  lor4  li:  01. 


before  the  diflblotioii  of  the  parliament  ^ifi 

The  parliament  of,  diflblved  tkU 

Iron,  medicinal  preparationa  of  409 

Iflandf  hiflory  of  a  new  one,  wbkh  rofe  out 

oftheicaio  1707,  77  ■  80 

Italy,  Baretti*a  remarlia  on  Sharpest  acGooat 

of  157— 159.    True  piaorftof  the  iaha- 

bitanuof  159,  559 

Italy,  adrcea  from  168,  %yi^  jjr,  387,  445 

Joflice  and  geoerofity  %%^  i^% 

KAKECK,  procce^np,  of  cbe  Engiift 
at  that  iflaad  613 

Kcardey,  Mr.  his  affidarita  in  hckalf  of  Mr. 
Wilkea  jt2,  $ 

KiNGy  hia  fpe«:h  at  the- dole  of  the  parlu- 
ment  152.  At  Hhe  opening  of  the  new 
one  575.  Hia  anfwera  to  addrefo  6e6, 
6o7«  Ha  eftabUlhes  a  loyal  academy  of 
arte  ^  ^  668,  9. 

Krng.  archbiibop,  his  humooroiia  pun       54 

King*a-'Bcach  riou  and  mafl^cre  at  277  Pro- 
clamation thefoon  ibid.     Sec  Gilhmm, 

King*a  phyfidant,  &c.  their  oainioa  at  Sot.: 
tOQ*a  new  method  of  inocalation  94 

Kirkman,  John,  Efqj  ele^d  alderman  a£ 
Cheap*wafd  53 

Im 

LA  Trappe^  convent  of,  dcfcribed  487 
|«adics,  a  word  of  atfvice  to  them,  oa 
their  propofteroni  head-dreOca  87.  Caveat 
to  them  thereon,  expofing  that  filthy 
faihion  ^67.  Huraouroua  fatire  on  their 
folly  therein  371.  Mr.  Shephero**  me- 
lancholy compUiat  of  ita  (a4  eflfe^  373. 
Humeroos  account  of  a  lady  nndcr  tha 
operation  of  her  frifeur  431.  A  very  lea- 
fonablc  reproof  of  them  463 

Ladv,  objedtonc  of  Of^,  to  the  Liturgy    56s 
Leather,  Turkey,  method  of  dying  red  and 
yellow,  aa  pra£lifcd  in  the  Eaft  637^639 
Leigh  In  Eficx^  exiraotdtnary  acc'toejsta  near 

Leming,  ^  forprisiog  animal  in  Norway  551 

Letter,  excellent  one,    from  baton  BieiheM 

to  M.  D'Argena  599 

Letter,  Mr.  DAckinfon**,  to  the  inhabitanta 

of  the  Britifli  colonies  539  ~  54* 

i«tter  to  the  author  of  Pietai  Oxootenfia 

641  &  ff^* 

Letter  from  a  nobUman  to  kit  fon  250 — 2<3 

Letter,  an  extraordinary  oae,  to  a  beld  om- 

ccr  3*8 

Letter  fmm  Mr.  Clarke  to  Dr.  Maty,  giving 

an  account  of  the  Patagoniant  373 

Letter  from  a   ooble  lord,    at  the   Hague, 

Fr.  and  Eng.  605.  6q6 

Letters  from   V*  Z*  on  the  hard&ipa  of  the 

clergy,  Warburton*s  D;vine  Legation^  apd 

the  pradices  Qf  in hdcit  25^29.  Rcmarica 

thereon  199.    His  acute  anfwar  57$— >577 
Liberty  refUdiooi  oa  308 

Life  of  S»xtut  V,    748— i5t>    a"^€i— a»i, 

433—436,    4^^— 4^9»    53«— 537.    59* 

Llghteaiffg,  ftffe^i  of  ai9 

Lifchtning 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


INDEX   t0  the  Essays. 


ightealog  aad  clef^ricity^  identity  of  proved 

.ikencAy  of  perfboti  firildog, .  remukablo 
inftances  of  %i 

^imiutfon  ofeiUtet^  &c.that  branch  of  the 
laws  cenfurcd  41 1.     Cafe  in  point        412 
^indy  of  the  difeafei  of  hot  climatea         392 
^toneJ  and  Clarifla,   account  of  62 

^ift  of  the  Houfe  of  Commons  249 

A>ck-up  houfe,  the  matter  of  onf)  tried  and 
convi^^ed  326*    Ifis  fentence  670 

«ondon«  city  of,  propofal  for  a  new  ftreet, 
and  other  inoprovcments  in  573 — 57c 

«ondon^  cle^ion  for  members  for  rhe  city  0^ 
1 64.  Return  ihid*  LK)rd  Mayor  and  al- 
dermen ofi  addxefs  the  king  on  the  birth 
ot  a  prineefs  637 

i^ndon  hofpita],  feaft  of  227 

•ords  Proteifts  on  the  Eaft  India  dtvidead  biU 

15' 

lottery,  high  prif  es  in  52 

^ottety  begins  drawing Scy.  High  prixesin  607 
^ooifa- Anne,  prineefs,  dies  27S.  Interred  279 
«ttbeck,  St.  Mary*s  church  at,  defcribed  127 
[«uca  Jordano,  an  eminent  painter,  anecdotes 

of  41 

«adewigfluft»  rhe  duke  of  Mecklenburgh*s 

palace*  defcribed  343 

Mm 

MACK  R  E  L  plenty,  thio*  the bericTo- 
lenceof  the  chamberlain  of  London  31S 
4aclane,  Donald,  his  tiial  for  the  murder 
of  young  AUen  426  ^/y. 

Madrid,  remonftrance  of  the  infurgents  ^t 
413-.-416 
Vf  ajorca  foperftition  of  tb^  people  of       23a 
l^ackarony  fables  43 

Vfann,  Sir  Horatio,  inTefled  with  the  en- 
figns  of  the  order  of  the  Bath  6 14 

Vlanufa^rers  and  traders,  and  wearers  their 
addieilea  on  ihortening  the  time  of  mourn- 
ing .        .  ,  39»  40 
Marcellos,  bis  tnftru£live  misfortunes         7 
Vlarkha%   Mrs.  Matilda,    her  interefting 
hiftory^                                     395—398 
Vfafquerade,  late,  account  of  547 
IdafTachufett^s-bay,  remarks  on  the  trade  of 
the  colony  of  188— *i92<     Set  NeW'E fig' 
hnd. 
Vlathematieal  ^ueftions  and  folutlons  201, 
302,304,    35a,   486*    5*o»    53 »»    574., 
6  6,  65',  628,  6^0,  678 
Vlitrimonial  ftate  in  RuAa  677 
Matrimony  encouraged                              441 
Vf  aithew  Paris,  palf^ge  from,of  engroflingi  72 
Vlaxims,  by  a  gentleman  214 
Viecklenburgh-Schwcnn,  duke  of>  his  pa- 
lace defcribed  34 1 
Mecklenburgh-Strelitf,  Dr.  Nugent's  recep- 
tion at  the  court  of  I'S?*    That  court  de* 
fcribed  188.     Set  Strelitx, 
VIemorial  in  behalf  of  the  brare  Corficanf 

655,  6$$ 

VIemory  obfervatioos  on  the  total  lofi  of, 

without  a  vifible  caui«  54^ 

^iddiefex  eIe£tion»y  accounts' of  3  24.    DiU 

^dt^i  co(if6|i)coi  Umeto  2»5.  S«t  ^ilUh 


Reiblution  of  the  common* council  «n  th« 
riocs  22  5*    Addrefs  to  the  freeholders  of» 
by  I.  C.  51 X.     See  Brentford, 
Milks,  Tirtues  of  the  different  kinds  of  129 
&/rf.    Method  to  prerent  their  curdling 

130 
Modern  fafhions  injurious  54S 

Mole-Bee,  curiOus  account  of       147  &  feq* 
Monaco,  prince  of,  arrives  %%% 

Morals  of  a  ftare,  means  of  forming        47S. 
Mortality,  great,  among  feamen,  rcHcflionf 
on,  and  papers  relative  to  5^9*^592 

Mournings^  court,   order  for  ihortening     52 
Mud  Inguana  defcribed  96 

Murders  117,  329,  381,  441,  442,  497,  499 
Murray,  gen.  governor  of  Quebec,  his  de- 
fence 139 
Mu(hroomf,  caution  about  341 
Myftery  unliiendly  to  religion                  24S 

NAPLES,  laughable  faperftitlon  of  the 
natives  of  20.  Treatment  ot  the  clergy 
in  613 

Nation^  eztra£b  from  the  prefent  date  of^ 

554—556 

National  debt,  (late  of  601 

Navy  furgeons,  their  memorial  to  the  admi- 
ralty, &c  59 « 

Nerves,  Smith's  diflertation  on       298—301 

Neufchatel,  cafe  of  the  people  of  267,  263. 
Surrounded  by  troops  331.     PuniAied  504 

Newcaftie,  duke  of,  anecdote  of  329 

New-England,  difputes  in,  306  to  388,  3:5, 
35%  421—426,  580—585.  Copy  of  a 
Utter  rrom  the  afliembly  of,  to  Lord  Cam- 
den 375.  And  of  one  to  the  earl  of  Chat- 
ham 405 

New  publications,  impartial  r^iew  of,  42^* 
48.     And  at  the  end  of  every  month. 

Nobility,  fome  of  their  fine  feats  compared^ 
*        302,  303 

Nobleman,  excellent  letter  from  one  to  his 
fon  259—25^ 

Norfolk,  and.  Norwich,  fpirited  aadri^fs  to 
the  el  6torB  of  3^  ^  ftf* 

Norfolk,  f.ie  leatf,  and  excellent  linprove- 
mcnts  in  71 

Norfolk,  duke  of,  anecdote  greatly  to  hi^ 
honour  J02' 

Northumberland,  dukepf,  his  entertaiomenC 
for  the  King  01  Denmark  5]f 

Nornravj  ft-ang.  pl|«nomenon  in  33 t.  Sur- 
prizing efcape  ot  two  brothers  10,  frotn 
SmoUet  350 

Note,  curious  one,  relative  to  emplojing  a 
military  foice  on  civil  occafions  ti6 

O. 

OAKS,  young  ones,  from  acorns  pre- 
ferved  in  wax  164 

Oaths,  as  relative  to  civil  and  religious  go- 
vernment, doctrine  of  526.  Or  rehgious 
oaths  527 

OAennial  bill,  Irifli,  hiftory  of  131 

Opem,  Italian^  biflory  of  tho  rife  of,  in 
Engl  Mid  22  f 

Qrrery,  earH  his  |ettcc  OB  Deno  Swift *s  lofs 
ofmcfflptf  ^  141 


Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


INDEX   to  tbe  Essays. 


Oftord,  Xarl  of  LitchficWi  prizei  it  ii"'. 
Students  at,  expelled  12^  116.  Troe 
ilAieofthu  aflf^ir  214 

P. 

EADLOCK,  account  of  ihat  murica)  piece 
507—510 
►U,  the  Corfican  chief,  Mr.  Bofweirs  ac- 
count of  his  perfoa  and  behaviour,  &c.  109. 
Hit  femimenta  no.  Compared  with 
Wilket  335 

Papiftf,  fee  BlaCkburnr. 
I^arliameutof  1641,    Mrs.  M'AuUy'i  cha- 
rafter  of  ^4 

Parliament,  biflory  of  the  fcfTion  of,  which 
began  Nov.  n,  1766,  9— i4t  65 — 69, 
177—1^0.  »8q— 19^,  345— 349»  4o«— 
404,  457—46*.  Hif.ory  of  ihe  7ih  or 
laftfcAonof  460— 461,  5XJ— 5i9»  5*9  — 

571 
Piiriament  ^Iflblved  i44.    New  one  meets 

t7» 

Parltament,   inftruftloof,    to  reprefentatirea 

chofcn  to  ferrc  in  176S.  169*— 173 

Parma,  duke  of,  his  prasmatickfanftion  120. 

Expels  the  Jefuita  168.    Reje^i  tha  Popc*a 

bull,  arc.  f^'V/444 

PaCagoni^s,  tall,  account  of  273.    See  DtU 

pbin. . 
Paiiioiirm,  extra  ft  from  tn  Eflay  on   309  • 
Encomium  on,  from  Rouflleau  52$ 

P<a,  great  increase  from  a  Angle  one        1 16 
Penal  laws,  complaint  of  their  inequality  432 
Pcnfylvaaia,   Indians   barbaroofly    murtiered 
in  230.    The  murderers  t^ken,  and  ref- 
cued  ibid 

Persfield,  near  Chepftow,  M.r.  Morrises  fine 
improvements  at  135^x38 

Phyficians  recipes,  remarks  on  410 

Pietas  OionienGs,   ihrewd  Ir.ter  to  the  au- 
thor of  641—643 
Plmlott,  an  attorney,   murdered  607,     The 
murdrefs  fecured,  tried,  and  executed  670. 
$ee  tbe  Appendix, 
Place-bill,  neccflity  of  a  ntw  one  31a 
Pby-houfe,  ineecent  behaviour  of  people  of 
rank  th'-re,  ccnfured                  451  & feq, 
PUy-houfes,*  increaiie  of  6cS«    And  of  noble 
pUyeis  ibid 
Poland,  advices  from  55,  119.    New  regq- 
Jatioos  in    167.     Coofedcredea  in   131. 
Dreadful  havock  between  them  and  the 
Ruffians  330,  331,  385,  386,  443,  444, 

503>  504»  55» 

Political  maneeuvret         ^  649 

^ope,  fecks  a  reconeiliatlon  with  the  duke 

ofModeoa  613 

Popery,   fome  ftrifturei  oq  a  late  defence  of 

406,  4«7 
Papulations  one  main  hindrance  to  679 
Porteouf,  Captain,  hiscaio  S38 

Portland,  duke  of,    hia  adTeitifemcat  lof, 
Extraft  of  hia  cafe,    refpeftiog  two  leaiea 
granted  ta  Sir  James  Lowther     aoiTr2c6 
Potatoes,  to  preserve  607 

l^owders  for  the  teeth,  remarks  on  52A 

(itfciriptions^  ^  £c^  apffovcd  onet  197 


Prefent  ftate  of  the  oat]«ii»  estnfts  froai  5  ^ 

^rteaiey.  Dr.  hit  thoagkta  oa  dvil  tad  rtli. 
gious  liberty  920 

Prints,  eflay  upon  45.  Thrct  ktodf  of,  de- 
fcribed  46 

Private  charafter,  tu^wry  into  the  doftriae 
that  it  has  nothing  to  do  with  a  man  a  pub- 
lic cbarafter  374 

Prodigality.     Sa  0wniei* 

Prophane-fwearing,  cifc,  and  ihrcwd  qoeries 
on  the  aft  againft  578,  579 

Prouft,  lor  da,  on  the  E.  India  dtridtad  bill  151 

Provifiooa,  cav(es  of  tbe  high  price  of      85 

Pruflia,  late  king  of,  hia  cbarafter  and  ac- 
count of  his  death  597"* 599 

Pruffia,  king  of,  prefenta  tbe  fword  of  Wi|. 
liam  111.  to  the  Prince  oi  Brnofwick  3Sa« 
His  elogy  on  Prince  Henry  389.  His  ks- 
mane  fund  in  Silcfia  444.  vims  HoUaodt 
Cleves,  dec.  &c.  444.  Hit  wife  dedfiosi 
in  a  ca(e  eii  tcrtmooy  ihid*  His  charefter 
of  hia  father,  the  late  ktog        597  ^/f  • 

Pump-water  of  London,  remarkaon  ttx^nl5 

Puflifhmcntf .     See  C^pitsl  Pamijbmeatt. 

?ytzit%  and  murderen,  fcixcd  at  HaiUngf, 
and  ta  tccouat  of  then  6et 


QUEEN,    ddivered  of  a  princeia  60^. 
Qiieriea,  theoioficat  92 

^(^tfry,  relative  to  the  pofition  of  the  eyes  in 
deep  39*    Anfwer  thereto  471 

R. 

RAINHAM-HALL,  defcnbed  69 

Raps  apon  the  knuckiea  for  6mc  peo> 

pie  146 

Religiotfy  ciceUait  refltfttona  on  the  ptcfcat 

fkate  of  36  ^,  361 

Refolutioa  of  the  Houfc  of  CooaoBuaa,  uaA 

order,  to  pay  otFthe  4  *cr  cteri  95 

Rhinoceros,  letter  from  L)r.  Parfons,  on  the 

double  horns  of  40 

Richard  Hi.  Walpole's  hiftoric  doi#t  ta  hit 

life  and  reign  toy 

Ricblieo,  Cardinal,  kit  ckanftJer  tod  death 

475r*7* 
Ridley,   Mr.  flirewd  roflnatka  on  his  niie  of 

biibop  Ridley  175.  |^ 

Riot  at  Brentford,  narrativt  of  $57 

Riot  in  Lincolnihirc  38).    In  the  maiihal- 

fea  441.  499 

Riots,  recapitulation  of  the  Uws  againft  173* 

»74 
Robberies,  rvoAtrkable  38s,  441, 
Robcnfon,  Mr.  letter  coaccrninff  97 

Rogers,  Major,  nude  prilanet  by  the  la^aas, 
but  efcapca  330.  Laid  ia  iioat  (at  Ugh* 
trtafoA  384 

Romaas.vi.  Kf  ftrifturea  oa  149 

Romans  viii.  19,  csplaiacd  moo 

Rot  ia  Aeep,  remedy  far  549 

Rooflean,  letters  from,    to  Mr.  D ,  15, 

74.  »3»a  »9* 

Royal  academy  of  actty  eftahii<hf4  by  the 

l(in|  6M,  669 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I  N  D-E  X   to  the    Essay*; 


)(uiCa,  advicei  ffom  167,  55S 

DecUrktioa  of  the  cmpreri  of,    againd  the 
Tutkt  655 

S. 

SAILORS,  their  tomultuoui  behavioar  27S 
S(.  Johii>    proclamation  reiaiive  to  the 
ifland  of  381 

Sampiero,  hii  tragical  ftoiy  447 

SafDpfoQy  Jamet^  hia  ingratitude  tnd  execu- 
tion 279 
Saidin't,  king  of,   invefts  the  K.  of  Carlifle 
with  the  order  of  the  thiflle  168 
SaurtD*t  ferinont,  extra£l  from                 408 
Saxon  coina,  table  of                                S'l 
Scotland,  1 6  peers  for,  cbofen  180.   Account 
oP  the  ele^on  354.    £.  of  Buchan*a  pro- 
teft  Hid 
StuTTj  at  fea,  propofal  to  pre? eat            647 
^pamen,    refledtiona  on  the  great  mortality 
of>  an4  papers  relatiire  thereto    589 — 591 
Seata  of  the  nobility  compared                  303 
Seeker,  Abp.  anecdotes  %f                       439 
Sedentary  perfoni,   dircafes  of,    and  remedies 

^^**«..  454—4561  566*  S67*  633—637 
SeduCtioDy  notorious  inflance  of  227 

Senfittve  plant,  a  new  one  difcorcrcd  and  de- 
'  fcribed  523 

Seffiona  at  the  Old- Bailey  52,  16;,  227, 
279,  381,  497,  S57 
Shsdowt,  morning  and  evening,   why  they 

appear  bluifh  579 

Shakefpear,    corious  difcovery  relative  to  his 

winterVtale  26 

Bhsrp,    Barctti*s  remarks  on  157  df/^f.  an- 

imadTerlions  tbeteon  223 

Sheep,  live  ten  days  buried  in  fnow  118 

Shclburne,  £.  of,  hia  letter  to  Oov.  Bernard 

306.     Aftfmbly^s  anfwer  to  it  355 

9heridan*s  planol  Education,  extrad  from  067 
SheriAt,  Hft  of.  for  1768,  i%.     Of  London 

and  Middlefex  ele^ed       '  382 

.Ship  news,  exuaordinary  103 

Shipwrecks  53,  6c8 

Shina  wove  in  one  piece  383 

Siberia,  travels  in,  and  accpuot  of  the  peo- 
ple of  79 
Siren,  ofLinnsos,  defcribed  96 
Siztus  V.  pope,  his  life  148  —X  50,  2c6  -  2 1  r, 

433-43M65'-469»  53»— 537»593-597 
Slug**  prelervative  againft  557 

Small-pox  hofpltal,  feaft  of  3^5 

Smith,  Dr.  chtraAer  of,    and  cxtraAs  from 
his  diflertation  upon  the  nerves   998^301 
Spain,   advices  from  55,    56,  King  of,    bis 
.,   fcheduie  to  the  bilhop  of  Cuenca  56.     Fur- 
ther advices   fiom   120,    331.   445,  5044 
Remonftrance  of  the  Infurjieois  10413  — 
416.     King  of,  diDocatea  his  knee      560 
Speech,  in  a  great  affembly  353 

Speech  of  a  great  lawyer  on  the  reverfalot  an 
outlawry  367 

Spirit  of  Churchifm  further  explaining  itleit'; 
no  reformation  358— 360 

Star-chamber,  of  the  court  of  391 

f  tate  of  the  national  i«cbc  601 

Stare,  meads  of  forming  (He  morals  ot   478 


Sure- coach,  the  king's,  expence  of  35^ 
Statesman  foiled,  critique  on  340 

Stariooers  almanack  explained  643 

Stocks,  price,of2,  58,  122,  ic,  2^4,282, 
338.  394.  450,  5c6,  562,  616 
Storms    329,  381,  383,  440,  1,  2,    3,    4. 

44i 
StrAtagem,  barbarous,  of  a  Mooriih  prince  34 
Streliiz.      Sec  MrtkUnhurgb  Strc7itx»     Old 
and  new  towns  of,  defcribed  349.         And 
the  palace  at  the  latter  350 

Students.     SeeOfard, 
SuUivao,   araviiher,  his  ftory  313 

Surgeons.      See  navy  furgunt.    Caution  ro- 

644 

Sutton,  Mr.  opinion  of  the  kinft's  phyficiant 

antf  furgeons  in  regard  to  his  method  of 

inoculation  94 

Sweden,  advices  from  23 x 

S*ifc,  Dr.  letter  to,  from  Lord  Batbmft  1x3. 

Another  to  him,  from  the  fame  1 14  -  1 10. 

Letter  concerning  him,   from  the  Bad  K,i 

Orrery  143.     Letter  of  his  x6i« 

T. 

TABLE  of  Saxon  coint  521 

Tanfey,  virtues  of  82 

Tape-worm,  description  of,  and  cure  for  4^9 
T«a,   expeiimeots  proving  its  pernicious  et- 

fe£U  897 

Teeth,  extract  from  Berdmore's  trcatife  oq 

522.     Teeth-powders  condemned  522 

Theological  queries  92,  93 

Thickoefle'a  ufeiul  hints  for   the  Tour  u^ 

France     ^  %(>% 

Tiflbt,  of  the  difeafes  of  fede»tafy  perfoos, 

account  of  454—456,    567,  568,  633  — 

637 
Toads,  a  cure  for  a  cancer  207 

Tobacco,  ufeof,  in  fumigation  tS7&'frf* 
Tolerat'on,  RouflTeau's  fentimenta  ot  52^ 
Tranfit  of  Venus  calculatea  633^,  C99.  With 

remarks        ,  664 

Travelhng,  juft  remarks  on  255 

Trials,  remarkable  ones  1x6,  1x7,  325,  38a 
Treves,    elector  of,    dies    119.     Ncvjr    one 

choicQ  168 

Trinity,  htnH  to  the  yrritcrs  iff  that  contro- 

verfy   512.     Sac  //fpeal.     Anfwers   5^6, 

Turkey,  advices  from   119,  167,  443,  503, 

C58.     Grand  Seignior's  manirefto  agamft 

Koflia  624 

Turkey  leather,    method  of  dying  red  and 

yellow  637 

Turkie«,  focce'*8ful  method  of  rearing     352 

Turks,  r<rligion,  manners,  Szc.  of  273 

Turks,  defeat  the  rebel  Stephano  di  Monu- 

nero  613    614 

Turner,    Samuel,    Efq;    aMcrman,    ele£le4 

lord  mayor  for  1769,  556,     Sworn  in,  &c. 

607.     His  honourable  b.:haviour  650 

U  V. 

VEGETATION,  uoufual  iaflanre  of  329 
Vefuvius^  accounts  of  the  late  erup- 
tion of  18— tx,  104,  105, 
Yicnos    earthquake  at  267.     lnu*.uia.ion 
^*-4Y  p.cvaib 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


INDEX   to  tbi  Essays. 


prcTails  tn  231*  Archduicberi  af,  be- 
trothed to  the  king  oi  Naplei  132.  Fur- 
ther-Uvicfei  from  331 

Ukrain^f    peafantt  of>    their  ravages  44;. 
Queliei  ,       444 

Uacommon  animal  defblbed  657 

Uniuriaa  co&fcflioii  of  faith  472 

Voluire^  hit   letter  to  the  chevalier  Van- 
fommer>  oa  the  prefent  ftate  of  £urope  430 

WALES,  prioce  o^,   hit  bcnefaQion  to 
'  the  ancient  Bntons  163 

Wanflead  heo(e  defcrtbcd  £(0 

Warner  of  the  four,  account  of  47 

Watcr«  methods  of  procuring  the  pareft   x  %z 
—  184.     Stt  Ihtu^  water* 
Wayi  and  Meant  for  1768  5*'9""57' 

Weather,  caufet  of  the  laie  inclement,  con. 

je^lured  537  ^  f^q* 

Weather,    at  London,    2,    58.    \z%,    170, 

234#  282,  338.  394,  450,  506,  562,616 
WetTcrt,  rioii  trota  382 

WccviU,  in  com,  method  of  dcftroying  463 
>Weilbur^h,  prince  of,  inocuhied  232  • 

Wentworth,    Sir    Wilbraham,     remarkable 

Kiflory  of  236—.  38,  2^5^  28S 

Wbite-vwtilovr,  bark  01',  ^n  rival  of  the  Peiu- 

vian  birk  84 

Wild  nnao,  h>>«n2nagcm»nt  of  beet  314—316 
Wilkes,  John,  Elqj  lofes  hta  eleftion  for  ihc 

city;  but  elededtor  Middlefcx  164.     An- 


ecdotet  of  him  171.  Letter  drltrctcd 
from  him  at  the  queen's  palace  213.  Ap- 
pears and  makes  a  fpcech,  in  the  ccorr  of 
K'ng*s-Bench  2:5.  Anfwaed  by  Lord 
Mamfield  226.  Committed,  »nd  efcspet 
from  the  mob,  to  the  KirigVBeneh  228. 
Extra  A  from  his  hiHory  of  EoflaDd  2 ''5* 
Healing  on  bis  ootlawry  sy^.  His  oat- 
lawrjr  fet  afide  326.  Hit  mocioo  in  arreft 
of  judgment  fet  afide^'Ayj.  He  it  (eotccs* 
ed  317.  Hit  addrefs  to  the  freehokfen  of 
Middicfef  ibid.  Compared  «ruh  Paofi  33^ 
J  3  6 .  See  Kind's  Btncb 
Wilton* beufcy  dcfcribed  >95— '97 

Winckelffun,  Abbe,  bit  tragical  death  386. 
Further  account  of  hit  mnrder  and  the 
murderer  524,  52^ 

Wind  at  Deal  2,  58,  122.  170,   2341  s8a, 

33^»  $94.  450    50^»  5  »•  ^»* 
Woodcock,  MiO,  See  Ba/tim9re» 
Woundf  and  ulcers,    adrice  to  poor  peribiK^ 
for  thcit  Ueatment  585.  58! 

Y. 

YEAST,  ireth6d  of  making  %H 

Young  ladies,  juft  faiirc  on  the  prdient 
application  of  that  term  O5C 

Z. 
r^ENOBIA,  remarks  on  that  trap^  1x4 
^tj     Aecoont  cf  it  140-^141 

^gis,  atrsgedy,  account  of,  andcntiqueoa 

^34-^5 


I  N  D  E  X  /(;'  ibe  Poetry,   1768. 


A. 

ABSENT-MAN,  prologue  %o  icf 

Alivn,  Mr.  W.  lines  applicable- to  his 
death  313 

i-lmcck's  atFcmbly  room,  ttde  on  the  prof- 
(ot£t  of  V        IM 

'i  he  April  fool  378 

Arbour,  int'cnption  in  324 

B. 

BALLADS,  an  old  on«  101.     The  Bxc^ 
herd's  rrLlution  492 

Beauty,  powLT  of  2»» 

■rown,  Mr.  00  his  own  blrCh-day  32Z.  Oa 
a  fit  cf  the  gout  iliJ» 

C.  » 

CI  T's  country-box  490 

Clancy,  Dr.  his  flddrcfjF  to  Lord 
Townihcnd  2X2.  His  Rubrilla,  or  true 
beauty  6C4 

The  Contrail  lOl 

Conundrums  324,  380.     Anfwcrcd        438 
Cyru:,  pralogue  and  epilogue  to  6^1 

^'. 

r\  A  M  O  N,  to  him  549 

\J  Denmark,  king  of,  his  health        550 

Dying  liuiband  to  hit  wi/c  '  378 

E. 

F— ,  Lord,  ode  to  his  pig  100 

/  Edwin  and  A^guUi^  264 

CW-.cU^ir,  10  '  .9I 


Elegy  on  the  death  of  an  amiable  wift  %U 
The  elm  and  vine,  a  fable  t^ 

Englifh  Padlock  439 

Epigramr99,  126,  jsS,  324,438^  5i»/^S* 

Epilogue,    to  Falfe  Delicacy  fo.    To  ih« 

Good-natured  Man  99.    ToZenobia  i^. 

Mrs.  Pritchard^s  farewell  one  23  .  Wi!|| 

the  Indifcreet  Lover  265.  To  Zingia  660. 

To  Cyrut  661 

Epiflic  to  John  Wilkes,  Ef^j  in  coofine- 

ment  377 

Epitaph,  on  Boimel  Thornton,  Efq;   a66u 

On  a  tomb-Hone  in  Effay  37S.     On  Mit. 

Mafon  549 

F. 

FABLES,  the  elm  and  Tine  491 

Falfe  Delicacy,  ffologue  and  epilogue  to 

(• 
Fortnoatepig  156.    SeeP//.    CJe* 
.  C, 

GARDEN,  verfes  written  in  9S 

Gay  young  lady,  advica  to  one         323 
Gay,  one  of  hit  fables  524 

Good-natured  Man,  prologue  and  epilogue 
to  .  9<>  9f 

Gout,  oa  a  fit  of  121 

H. 
rjlS&J^lT£*f  a4drtfli|toyoQtJi«   43! 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I  N  D  E  X   /^  the   Poetrt, 


I. 

INDISCREET.LOVER,  prologue  and  fs- 
pilogue  to  265 

Johnfon,    Mr.  his  verfes  to  a  lady,  with  a 
fprig  of  myrtle  549 

Juliet,  prologue  on  the  appearance  of  a  new 
one  660 

K. 

King's  birth-day,  cide  on    334.  Ano- 
ther ^         377 

LADlES,  ftanzas  to  37S 

Lady,  to  one  very  fearful  of  thunder  437 
Liberty's  addrcfs  in  behalf  of  the  Corficans  379 
Ligonier,  earl,  to  him  100 

Lines  on  a  vault  iu-Loddon  church-yard  379 
The  Lion  in  the  toils  659 

The  Lottery  and  Liberty  661 

Love  and  refolution,  a  cantata  31a 

M. 

MAKARONY  talc  43 

A  man  in  love  98 

Mafon,  Mr? .  epitaph  on  her  monument'549 
Mar<)uerade,  a  faiIor*s  defcription  of        55 x 
Monody,   to   the  memory  of  a  young  lady 
who  died  in  child-bed  611 

,  Morning  ftanxas  in  0£tober  605 

My  mind  to  me  a  kingdom  is  101 

N. 

NEW. YEAR,  Whitehead's  ode  for    48 
Newcaftle,  duke  of^    epigram  on  his' 
death  659.     Impromptu  on  his  death  660 
North- America,  fong  much  in  vogue  in  492 
O. 

OCTOBER,  morning  ftanxas  ID  605 
Ode,  for  the  new  year  48.  To  the 
fouth-wind  50.  On  the  Queen'^  birth- 
day 99.  To  lord  £ — *s  pig  100.  On  a 
profpecl  of  Almack's  aflembly-room  113. 
On  the  king's  hirth-day  324.  On  the 
fame>  performed  at  the  caftit  of  Dublin 

PI G,  ode  to  lord  E 's  100 

Pipe  of  tobacco,  extempore  on  lox 

Polydote  and  £ana,  a  tale,  in  the  manner 

of  Ovid  154 

Powell,  Mrs.  on  her  appearing  in  the  cha- 

ra^er  of  Rofalind  153 

Pritchard,  Mrs.  her farewel epilogue  %%i 
Prologue,  occafional  one,  at  Scarborough  48. 

To  Falfc  Delicacy  50.  To  the  Good-na- 
;  tured  Man  98.      To  Zenobia   15'.     To 

the  Abfent  Man  157.     To  the  Indiscreet 

Lover  265.     At  the  cloHng  of  the  theatre 

in.Coveot-Garden,  by  Mr.  Colman  321. 

To  Zingis  660.     To  Cyrus  '  661 

Proteftant  wifli  550 


QUEEN",  impromptu  o:^  her  being  deli*- 
vercd  of  a  lecond  prince fs  605 

Uueen's  birth-day,  ode  on  99 

.  R. 

REAL  beauty  55* 

Reynold,  Mifs  Polly,  to  her  98 

Rondeau  379 

Rubrilla,  tnte  beauty  604 

The  Rural  philofopher  4>7 

S. 

SAILOR'S  defcription  of  the  mafqucradc 

Shepherd's  refolution  49* 

Sute  Coach,  a  ule  73 

Songs,  fpring  212.     With  a  chorus,  fung 

at  Ranelagh    322.     Sung  by  Mrs.  Pinto 

378.     The  April  Fool  iW.     The  Englifli 

Padlock    43s,     To    a    lady   491.     One 

much  in  vogue  in  North- America  491. 

King  of  Denmark's  health  550.     From 

Cer\'antes  6)4.     In  imitation  of  Shen- 

'    ftone  ibid. 

Songs  fet  to  mulic       49, 310,  5Si>  6o3»  ^^ 

South- wind,  ode  to  ^9 

Sp^ng*  a  j\ew  fong  and  chorus  aia 

Spring- Gardens,  Vauxhall,  on  opening  31a 

T. 

TAVISTOCK,    marchionefs,    on    her 
death  605,  660 

Thornton,  Bonnel,  Efq;   epitaph  for    266. 
On  him  ibid. 

Thunder,  to  a  lady  very  fearful  of         437 
The  toaft  379 

Townfliend,  lord,  vcrfcs  to,  byDr.CUncy  212 
U.  V. 

VERSES,  to  a  lady,  to  whom   a  gentle- 
man had  given  a  fprig  of  myrtle  549. 
To  Damon  ibid, 

WHITiHEAD,  Mr.  his  ode  on  the 
new  year  48.     Go  the  king's  birth- 
day 324 
Wite,  elegy  on   the  death  of  an  amiable 
one  211.     Ihc  dying  hufband  to  his  37S 
Wilkes,  John,  Ef^j  to  him  in  confinement 
377.     Card  to  him  492 
Winifreda  jox 
W— n,  Mifs,  verfes  to  her  loi 

Y. 
X70RICK,  on  his  death  323 

Z. 

ZAMPARINI,    on   feeing  Mr.   Hone's 
portait  of  266 

Zenobia,  prologue  and  epilogue  to  1 56 

Zephyrus  and  Hora,  by  Mr.  Lockman   266 
Zingis,  prologue  Ami  epilogue  to  660 


INDEX    to    iht   NAP^ts   for  1768. 


ABERGAVXN- 
NY  501 

Abingdom  384 


•#•  See  atfo  the  Appendix y  page  703. 

Abree  501       Alexander  332  Andrews 

A'Court  501        Alford  502  Ar  ona 

Adane  502       Allen  166  Archer 

Ajar  166       Amhcrft  54  Ardcn 

4  y » 


313 

Arnjigcr 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


INDEX    «/  Names. 


Amicer  503 

Armftrong  55 

Arndel  501 

Arnold  501 

Arundel  385 
Aflihurnhun        38^ 

A(bby  385 

A/hcen  3i» 

B 

XJAKER  333 

13  Balak  384 

BaJcarrai  9-^% 

Ball  J  66 
Banlcruptt  55,  333, 
^334.  jJS 

Barnard  54 

Baron  165 

Barre  502 

Barrington  333 

Birrymore  384 

Bafire  501 

Bafnet  54 

Bate  166 
Bathurft      118,  38$ 

Baltyn  <;oi 

Baync«a  3S5 

Beauchamp  118 
Beauclerk    t%o,  385 

Bell  38^ 

Bellafyra  532 

Bcllcifle  503 

Bellinger  <4 

BenfieU  280 

Ben  fori  5oi 

Bentham  333 

Bcntley  160 
Berkeley      501,501 

'  Bertie  333 
Beft             385,  500 

Bethel  500 

Bickcrton  )66 

Birr  .  501 

Blick/haw  385 

Bl.gdcn  385 

Bl^nd  3S5 

Elayncy  54 

Bligh  502 

Botetourt  503 

Botirchiet.  501 
Bowen  ^  166 
Bowle«         332,  384 

Boyd  •  503 

B< ycr  501 

P^ynton  500 

Br.Miibcr  502 

Brand  iSO 

BrcM'ton  118 

BrKTow  385 

Brom'-y  503 

Broughcon  501 

Browne  54 

Bruce  503 

Bryant  501 

BiKcleugh  aSo 

Buckingham  a8o 

Buckle  502 

Buckncr  166 

Burjes  166 


Burnet 

Its 

Button 

33* 

Byng 

54 

Byron 

54 

CADOCAN  385 
Campbell  118 
Cane  333 
Canning  384,  500 
Carnarvon  501 
Carrington  501 
Cartwright  385 
Cathcart  333,  502 
^avc  385 
Caulficld  166 
Cayley  5PI 
Chad  wick  332 
Chafia  50a 
Chamberlaine  501 
Champncyi  384 
Chapman  502 
Chappelow  54 
Chardin  t66 
Cbarlfmoant  384 
Chatham  333 
Cheap  333 
Chcere  384 
Chetwode  332 
Cholwick  50  J 
Clanwilliam  501 
Clare  502 
Clark  502 
Clarke  331,  501 
Clarering  501 
Clayton  501 
Clovnc  J 66 
Clu'fte  385 
Colby  333 
Coldham  54 
Cole  502 
Collins  502 
CoUinfon  501 
Conilable  501 
Conyers  384 
Cook  385 
Cooke  501 
Cooper  J  j8 
Cope  502 
Cornelle  303 
Cornwalli5  384,  385, 
502 
Coventry  ^^ 
Coulthorpe  Campi- 
on 500 
Conlton  384 
Conrtail  502 
C««rtenay  501 
CornewaU  332 
Cranfton  332 
Craven  280 
Crofti  384 
Crofbie  501 
CunHfTc  54 
Cunningham  501 
Cartoil  166 
Curznn  501 
Cuihbert  166 


DALHOirSIE, 
384 

Dalkeith  385 

Duner  501 

Dance  tii 

Darlington  50  s 

DarnJey  385 

Uairenanf  385 

Davit  500 

Dawibn  .  5C0 

Dc  Vifme  333 

Deane  502 

Deeriag  280 

Ddaval  500 

Dtlmt  385 

Denton  385 

DefagoUert  332 

Defchampt  503 

Devifme  1 66 

Dixon  502 

Dockeray  333 

Dodfworth  502 

Dotnville  332 

,Donn  501 

Donnegil  384 

Dormer  54 

Dorfet  3S5 

Doughty  38$ 

DiwdeiweU  332 

Downe  501 

Du  CaiTc  385 

Dubois  332 

Dubourdiea  3S) 

Duffutf  501 

Damfriet  5O1 

Dunbar  333 

Dunning  333 

Durnfovd  333 

Dyke  54 
E. 

EAMONSON  501 

Earle  .  385 

EaftoQ  16 > 

Ecclet  503 

Eden  180 
Edwardt          54,  280 

Elgin  54 

Err.e  501 

Etty  353 
Evant           332,  502 

Erflyn  502 

Everard  501 

Eyre  503 
F, 

FAKCOURT  385 

Fauquier  332 

Feame  332 

Fenwick  385 

Ferria  501 

Fielding  332 

Fircbrace  333 

Fleming  54 
Fletcher      166,  501 

FIdrd  332 

Fludyer  54 

Foley  ^01 

Foot  332 


Forbcf  132 

Ford  3t5 

Forfter  3JJ 

FovdtiiKer  501 

FountajAc^re  384 

Fowler  ifg 

Frankknd    54,  280. 

r      I..-  33* 

Fnnklia  503 

Franks  384 

Freke  166,  503 

Ficemaa  502 

G. 

GAGE  280 

Galliai        280 
Garlies  280 

Caroec  166 

Gates  501 

Geare  503 

Oclfott  333 

Gibberd  333 

Gibbs  384 

Gittoa  385 

Gl«gi(  280 

Gioacefler  54 

Glyo  385,  501 

Goddart  333 

Gordon  itS,  33^3^5 
Gore  118,  503 

Goring  501 

Gough  384 

Gould  366 

Cower  3S4 

Gr^nt  502 

Gravatt  2S0 

Gray  5C3 

Green  313 

Greene  385 

Greenly  3,3 

Grcnville  502 

Greville^lfoBt^Itt  54 
Grey  503 

GroHBe  503 

Grofvenor  384 

Grave  500 

Goerrier  aSo 

Gy\M 
Gyllart 

H. 

HADDIKGTON 
33» 
Haggart  j64 

Halford  ]66 

HaJiboitoo  166 

Hall  503 

HaUcy  280 

Hamilton  54,  3^3 
Hampden- Trevor  384 
HaidiDg  501 

Hurley  385 

Harris  166.   501 

Harri(bni66, 3S5, 502 
Hart  38; 

H-rvcy  166,  5CI 
Hatwood  332 

Hacfell  502 

HawkefpoiCh  54 
Hayhoe  502 

Haymam 


,1: 


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ffajman 
Hayter 

Hay  ward  S-)! 

Heatbcoce  3S4,  385 

Heatbe  332 

Henihxw  501 

Herbert  54.  118 
HtrringixS,  166,  501 

Hevrett  iiS 
Htcke«-P«iil          502 

Hiil  54 

*liH5er  33* 

Hiltiboroafh  54 
Hincbinhroke       394 

Hinchliffe  166 

Hinckley  500 

Hobbt  54 

Hodgkin  561 

Hodibn  166 

Hogbtoa  332y  01 

Hollingbeiy  562 

HoJmct  333 

Hope  54 

Hopkint  3I4. 

Horne  3S4 

Ho&ynt  54 

Hofte  50Z 

Hotbtm  332 

Howard  166,  38  5 

Haddk  54 
Hudfoo  333,  385,503 

Hume  iiS,  502 
Humphreys '         166 

Haoc  x66 

Hmton '  166 

Huxham  501 

Hjfliam  500 

|ACKSON54,j33 

J   jAOiet  502 

'JanUea  38  c 

Ibbetibo  III 

Jean  1 18 

Jeooer  54 

Terman  54 

ingbam  385 

Inners  332 

Jocelyn  50 1 

Joddrel  ^4 

Jones     54,  118,  385 

Jordan  165 

irvine  333 

J  "HP  55 

uion  501 

KIATE  502 
Kenriek       384 

Kenyon  332 

Ker  503 

Kerry  280 

Kcylctt  502 

Kidney  500 

Kilaorey  iiS 

Km„  332 

Ktngflon  503 

Knatcbball  118 

Knight      ,  166 

Kaowles    '  333 


INDEX 

L. 

LAMB  385 
Lambert- Mid- 

dleton  332 

Lambtoa  501 

Lae  385 

Ltne*  Parker  503 
Lanefboroogb  3  32, 50 1 
Laugh  am     394*  50  a 

Ltngley  384 

Lardmr  50  x 

Lareme  331 

Lafcellet  503 

Laurent  z66 

Lawfoa  501 

L^Eftraoge  385 

I«ee  332 

Lee.War0cr  332 

Leeds  503 

Leger  ti8 

Leggt  $00 

Leigh  33a 

Leigh  tonhoafe  385 

Leinfter  54 

LelHagbtm  332 

Lewis            54,  i€6 

Lindfey  50  x 

Lindfey  54 

Loftos  502 

tondfdale  for 

Lowndes    .  385 

Lowth  385 

Loee  333 

Lynch  x66 

LyndTiy  500 
Lyon  ^         166,  332 

M ABBOTT  3^1 
Macartney  128 

Mackenzie  503 

Maitland  5,03 

Manley  331 

Mann  xs8 

Marlborovgh  333 

Marriotte  502 

Mar/h  503 

Martin  iSb 

Mafon  280 

MA0e  38a 

Maffey  502 

Mathews  3^5 

Mather  501 

Maxwell  y  I 

Maynatd  385 

Ma  viand  332 

Ma'ftcrt  333 

Mercer  503 

Mere  118 

Merrey  332 

Menrtn  55 

Mmar  385 

Mills  501 

Milltown  118 

Molynenx      54,  501 

Monck-Newbolt  .4 

Moore  332,  385,  502 

Moray  118 

Mortit  502 


of  Name^.* 

Moftys  XDo 

Mooni-Flor.  54,  280 
Jbfonfter  503 

Mw«iy  54*!3»»$84 
Mafgrate  x66 

NAPLETON332 

Naib  385 

Naylor     -  384 

New  membert  55 

Newcoroe  502 

'  Newman      •  384 

Newton  •  16% 

Nicholla  3 '2 

Nicholfoa  .  501 

Nigbting^  33X 

h«ge&t  502 
O. 

OBRIEkV  562 

Ogihrie  332 
Onflow         si8>  333 

Orby.HoDteff  'II8 

Ord  166 

Oflerley  385 

Outiitg  166 
P. 

PAGE  501 

Paice  118 

Pakeafaam  265 
Palmer  166,  384 
Parker   16^3331384 

Pawlelt  332 

Payoe  385 

Payne*  GeoTfe  280 
Pcarfon         54,  385 

Penfold  332 
Pennington  x65,  332 

Penny  (tone  501 

Penny  man  332 

Perceval  385 

Perry  385 

Peters  501 

phelps  503 

Phillimore  iiS 

Phipps  501 

Pickering  385 

Pierce  54 

P«gP>t  385 

Pigot  283 

Pipe  2 66 

Piqueaet  280 

Pixwell  502 

Plowd^  118 

Pom  fret  54 

Portlind  384 

Pote  501 

Potts  54 

Fratley  385 

Price    118,  332,  503 

Pringle  333 

Prjtchard  501 
Privy  feal,com.ofx66 
R 

RADCLIFFE  180 

Rsdiejj  502 

Randolph  166 

Ranelagh  54 

Reay  iig 


^%giiier  i^ 

Rich  '         218 

Ricbariroo  54 

Riddel  3Jm 

^H^  54t  50* 

Roberts  503 

•  Robiniba  '■  •"  33* 

Rogers  384. 

Homoey  56s 

Rookcr  385 

;  Rothes  a8o 

Rowley  $4 

RliiTel  5^ 

-"Ryfom  ixS 
S. 

SADLER  90T 
St.  Dairid*s   280 

Sr.  John  38^ 

Salter  333,  501 

Sandford  j6G 

Stumares  •^4 

Ssondcrs  50ft 

Sswell  501 

3axten  iJiS 

Scales  333 

Scandrett  385 

Scott  54,  sot 

Scrirafluiw  x66 

Seeker  332,  501 

Sellers  332 

Senior  384 
Seynoor  Coaway  <? 33 

Shanbury  j66 

.Shannoil  54 

Sharp  502 

Shebbeare  26f 

Sherlock  385 

Sherard  16$,  563 

Shirdley  333 

Shirley  C4 

Short  332,  385 

Sidney  501,  503 

Simmonds  50 1 

Simons  3<3^ 
S.mpfon  54,  332,  384 

Sinclair  x66 

S.ngleton  501 

Skey  333 

Skinner  332 

Sladc  333 

Smith  ii8j  x66,  50^ 

Smyth  502 

Sncll  384 

Snow  501 

Somerfet  166 

Somerville  xx8 
Sommers-Cox      5:0 

Sondes  xi8 

Spearman  332 

Spence  501 

Spencer  2%  1 

Stamford  385 

Stanton  502 

Stapleton  54 

Steade  500 

Sr  ebbing  ^02 

StcdouA  38$ 
Sleek 


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INDEX  cf  Names. 


•mte 

f%% 

Stepheot 

1^5 

Sttphemi«A 

rOl 

Stetne 

3ia 

StefeM  54f 

165. 

3I» 

Stewart      r 

S«S» 

5*1 

Stockwooa 

501 

Scoddai4 

333 

Scooe 

3I» 

StrathiBort 

»«o 

StToate 

311 

ftcuigct 

JOX 

S»mpcer 

^; 

Sutton 

n% 

Swaia    ' 

333 

Swanne 

5** 

Swinbota 

5PI 

Symkint 

333 

**^^ 

503 

T 

lifnALBOT  501, 
1                     5«» 

Taikcr 

501 

Tajlor 

33* 

Tempi* 

5CX 

Thanet 

3«4 

Thooiat 

333 

•   5^2 

Thornton 

385,  501 

Thorpe 
Thralc 
Threticn 
Thyane 
Tilfoo 
TinbrtU 
IStley 
Todd 

Tompkyof 
'  Tomliblba 
Tonge 
Tooniea 
•  Toogood 
.  Tookey 
Torrington 
Tcwnihead 
Tr  adea  nd  plantatsons, 


166 

ftSo 

333 

3«5 
33* 

3«5 
333 
501 

33» 
333 

?ll 

•54 


Vaughan  '  x66 

Venablea- Vernon  3S4 


3ls 

333 

nio 
S03 

501 


iordt  of 
Traquair 
Trevelyan 
Tr«rel 
Turner 
Twcedel 
Tymmi 
Tfrrwhit 
Tyfcr 

U.  V. 
f  TANE 


384 

•So 
180 

9S0 


Verw^jr 

Vernon 

Undetwood 

Vptoa 

Ufmftone 

W. 

W  Wagftaffo-Ba- 

|ot  54 
Wake          oSo,  50a 

Waldon  166 

W«lker  333,  501,  », 

Wallington  385 

Walpole  503 

Walwyn  nSo 

WarbnrlOD  *  s^x 

Mr,rd  313 

.  Warkmaa  50X 

Warner  3^1 

Warren  166 

Warton  i<6 

Wat  ion  501 

Watta  50X 

Wangh  351 

Webfter  166 

.  Wedderbanr  c4 


Vaokemp    Xi8     Wemyfi      aSo,  301 


WifflpoTt  5#3 

Wejmooth  55 

Whalley  i6< 

Wharton  50X 

White  384 

Whitfield     501,  50a 
Wbitmore  503 

WhiUhed  irj 

Whit  way  iiS 

Wttber/aroe  jjn 

Wilkint  333 

Willtamt  3|i 

Willea         333,  501 
WilmoC  503 

Wilfun  54 

Winter  coi 

Wood  \x% 

Woodefon  501 

Woo!»ley       5»,  333 
Worfley  $4 

Wortbmgtoa        333 
Wortley  -  Moatagv 

xSo 
Wren 
Wyhham 

V. 

YORK 
Yorke384.  S«» 
Vowng  333 


X«ft 


5*1 


I  N  D  E  X  oj 

A. 

ACCOtTNT  of  Dshnark  446 

Adventnrei  oif  Oxymel  ClafHc  113 

'  ■     ■     ■  ■■     of  Mifi  B^eiley  1*3 

■  of  Lucy  Watfon  a;  6 

AflTeft'mghiflory  of  two  youni;  genilemcn  556 


BooKs»  jwr   1768. 

Choholeth 
Glenaentma 
'Coleman'i  true  flafiE  ii  a. 


Alexander*!  eipeiipaeot'l  eiHya 
Amabella,  a  poem 
America,  true  feotlmcnti  of 
American  Gazette 
Another  traveller 
Apology  for  Lord  B. 
Arti»  maoufa^urefi  an4  eommetce, 
B. 


556 
III 

667 
644 

43 
a  poem 

667 

BALTIMORE,  Lord,   confiderattons   on 
his  firft  proiecutJon  ,  391 

Baibadoeff  fhort  hiilory  of  X2i 

■  I..I       I   I  Rem::rkf  on  It  6 1 1 

Baretti*a  account  of  luly  1 57 

Battle  of  the  wigs  105 

.       ■  of  the  quilla  334 

_--  of  the  bonnets  334 

Bebavioar  of  the  |K>pti]ace  on  a  late  occafton 
cenfored  i^x 

Birth  of  the  jcfuiia  43 

BoCvirtirt  account  of  CorHca  xo8 

■  Epiftle  tohim  335 

Bribery  and  corruption  106 

C. 

CARICATURE,  or  battle  of  ihc  butt!  6  jo 
Cafe  of  Jamea  Gibfon  1 1 1 

•,  of  the  duke  of  Portland 

of  Anne  and  Ifaac  Scott, 
C'^eat  on  the  part  o'  pabltc  credit 
Ch;*r|t  to  EoglifhincA 
i 


11$ 
irt 

W5 


48 

47 
Aninia4Terted  00 

^^ 
f  epiiile  to  by  Kenrick  1  la 

..^ — ■  difloAion  of  Harria    t  446 

CoUe^lion  of  eftoeroed^portry  48 

Companion  for  the  firt-ftde  t^\ 

Complaint  of  Liberty  C(6 

Confiderationa  on  proceedings  by  attachment, 

&c.  6ia 

ConYlantfa,  an  elegy  (fo 

Thecoiitraft  43 

Cornaro,  on  fobrr  and  temper tte  life        610 

Covcnt  Garden  Okanagera,   their  coodac)  ci- 

amin^d  ira 

Court  of  Star-chamber,  &c.  391 

D. 

DEAN*s  eifay  on  the  future  life  of  brotef 
iia 
Defence  of  my  uncle  a  6 

Denman  on  the  puerperal  fever  446 

DiHrefled  wife  «^3 

Dod*a  fetmon  againft  popery  556 

ELECTION  at  Garrat  33? 

Elegies  on  different  occalKine  t60 

Elogy  on  Prince  Henry  of  Prolfia  389 

Enfield*a  fexmona  •  5^1 

England's  Warning-piccc»  by  Dr,  Free    6ia 
Enquiry  into  the  obflruAioa  ot  the  reforma- 
tioo  314 

The  Bntonglement  47 

Edtfy  upon  prints  4S 

Examination  of  ihc  conduct  of  Lo^l  M— «» 391 
FARMERS 


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FA  R M ER*f  fun  of  K«ot  5$& 

TJ>e  fig  leaf  334 

FiHt  meafacca  iUcctSuj  widi  Amok*  160 

Fool  of  Q:iahi/  475 

for  ever,  a  poein  I3J. 

Franklin*s  experimentt  #07 

GRAyapocroi  i^7 

Cienada  planter  666 

HAPPY  eitraraf ant  1 63 

Hardy  of  dioptrical  tdefcopet         446 
Hai«ood*t  aclaACholy  doflrint  of  prcdeftma- 
tion  60S 

IIiftory«  of  a  late  inftmooa  ad  feature  4% 
Hortvs  Kt  weafit  59  f 

Hoveard'i  tboD^htt^  See,  43 

J. 

IMPORTANCE  of  faith  716 

Iiif4liible  remedy  for  high  price  of  provi. 
fiont  277 

Itgram  of  cb«  gout  47 

Injured  daogbter  .  6fo 

Inquiry  into  the  caulci  of  the  difputta  with 
Ameri<ia  66{ 

Journal  of  a  two  monthi  Tour  tJi  PenryUa* 
nia  662 

K. 

KEATE'f  Femcy  105 

KeMrick*»  poemt  113 

LA  B  O  U  R  and  genini  554 

Lamentation  of  BriunBia  335 

Laagbornc'tprecepu  of  conjugal  bapptne(tsi  t 
Letter,  ro  the  apologift  for  Lord  R—  iit 
*  fecond,  to  the  author  of  the  Conr 

feilional  /  x  1 1 

"       Co  Mr.   Ganick.  00  a  gkflaij  for 
Shakefpear  334 

Letter  con :erning  leAureCJpi  334. 

■  to  Harley  334. 
— ^—  to  an  aupuft  aifcnAbly  334 

^  to  the  Duke  of  CraAoa  390 

■■  to  earl  of  Sbeburnc  448 

■  to  the  author  of  Pietaft  Oxonienfi*  44S 
to  Mr.  Beck/ord  556 

■  to  Lord  Mani6eld  61 « 
— ^  ^ram  M.  lady  to  the  bp.  of  London  668 
Liberty,  a  poem  1x1,44$ 
Liberty  of  the  fubje£l,  ice.  maintained  3  34 
Li.>ht  fu-nmerreadmg  276 
Lifid*!  difeafct  of  hot  cllmatet 
Love  at  crota-purpofea 


Lyric  muCe  revived 


M. 


aai 


Mocb«*i  direaory  t(l 

Modern  chaftity  i^« 

wife         ♦  55» 

galUotcy  55  J 

MoBody  to  the  memory  of  ayeiuaf  lady  611 
N. 

NA RR  ATI VB  of  the  Covmc  Garden 
difpmes 
Neceflity  of  a  ^^caretti 
New  CurUTa 

■         Foundling  ho/^^tal  for  wio 
Kogent*a  traTelf 

O. 

Observation:),   &c« 
Turka 
'   ■  oa  W — k*a  own  eTi<]enco 

•  on  the  Donglaa  caufe 


MACAULAV.  hlftory  toI.  IV.  667 
Macpherfoo*s  antient  Caiedoniaas  44 
^akarony  fablei  43 

M^n  of  forty  crowni  335 

Mar.ageri  managed  |  4 

Medical  traofa£lioo8  276 

Mem,  pour  fervir  j^  rhiOoIre  de  Corfe      446 
Memoirs,  of  the  Bashaw  ot  Merrtiani*t  re<- 
r«glio  4^ 

*|"  ■  of  Corlicn  446 

Wirrour  for  cowtsmsrtia]  3^4 

Mirccii;inco«f  poemf^  by  *  Wj  Wi 


ifl» 

276 
276 
166;^ 

the 

334. 
610 

One  thoufand  leren  hundred  and  fixty -eight 

Orphan  dang^ten  276 

P. 

PARADISE,  a  poem  666 

Philofophical  furvey  of  the  antma)  erea« 
tioa  551,  ^ 

Pietat  Oxonienfit  396 

Point  of  honour  276* 

Popery  inconfiftent  with  therighttof  men  55S 
P5tr,  of  fractures  and  diflocktionr  609 

Prefent  ftate  of  the  nation  554 

Prieftcraft  farther  defended  390 

Prieffley*!  elTay  on  the  ptinciplet  ofgoteni- 
ment  229 

R. 

RAPE,  a  poem  42 

RefioAiont  00  ialend  nivigationi    ujj 
Remarks  on  apology  for  Lord  B—  xiz 

■  on  Mafonry  the  way  to  hell.    3  34 

'■     ■     ■    on  the  riot  iGt  445 

00  Whitfield  44S 

■  on  Warner  of  the  gout  5  54 

The  ring  160 

Roe*i  letter  to  the  biihops  and  clergy      6  a 
— ^*  fecond  ietter«  on  the  revilal  of  the  li- 
turgy 640 
Royal  garland  556 

SENTIMENTALjoorney  163 

Sieridan't  plan  of  education  666 

Short  eccooitt  of  thatpartof  Africa  inhebit^ 
by  the  negroes  66y 

Short  view  of  the  hift.  cf  MafladMifett*!  bay 

667 

Some  propofali  to  prefent  the  growth  of  po« 

pery  »?6 

The  fummer  hoole  x66 

Swut*s  letters  160 

T. 
rv^  £  S  T  of  frtendfliip  6to 

A     Theatrical  entertainments  definili<Jf^ 
ThlQgi  as  they  are  )^ 

Trial  of  Donald  Madane  44S   , 

Triumph  of  l.?e  and  beaaty  276 

T'ue  dtlicaqr  445 

Two  grammatlal  tiftye  610  ' 

*U.  V. 

VIRSBSt6th#  memory  «r«Urff-  «66 
Tho*«M«l^      '  '^  3H 

VifitiQg  day  2/6 

VfhoUlercy'f 


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.  — ii.Mifaerad.*76     \rOR.ICK*«renUaieitta]  josnieT  161 

WaraeroftHefouC                                    47       Y                                          '          /  « 

.  ;      TX^  Mnd  of  VOL,  XXXVri.. 


Directions  to  riic  Bookbinder,  for  placirg  the  Plates,  &c.  in 
London  Magazine  for  1768. 

BIND  up  the  title,  with  ilodu,  (breach  13  View  of  the  pilace  of  Strdiu  tw 

month.    Take  the  engraved  title,  with  14  Portrait  of  Lonl  Baittmorc  jf^ 

the  frontifpiec^  and  grcface,  %n^  pUccXhem .  15  Plan  of  the  road  from  |x)ndcii  to  7 

before  January.  \    ,  19  BcrMkick  continued  C   *^^ 

17  V^^oi'iJiC  palace  of  Ludcwigfluft    341 

Plreaioiif  for  placing  th«  Plans,  PriAts^  &c,  iS  Plan  of  the  roids.  Sec.  between  the  tiiec 

to  VoL  XXX  VII.  hridges  ^ 

^r«  r-      .r .  r         v     •  t  '^  Portrait  of  the  King  of  Denmark      395 

1  THE  frontifpiece  to  froi^t  the  title  ap  Road  from  London  to  Bti&ol,  n,  1.   »«« 

a  Plan  of  the  road  fr6m  London  to  Ber-  •  "  *    ["400] 

vrick  continued   /  to  front  p.  i  si  Mr.  Foot  iji  the chiraacr  of  Major  Stur- 

3  Coluber  Ceraftet  ^  '8  gcon  44^ 

4  Doublehol-n  of  an  African  Rhinoceros  40  21  View   of  the  Earl   of  Weibnoreland?' 

5  PlanefBroadftreetandC9mhillwards64s  Seat  ^^g 
«  Mud-Inguana,  view  of  96  2^  front  view  of  the  fine,  with  the  Park 
7  View  from  Rickmond-hillf  up  the  rivrr  ^q„ 

^  '»!  a4  Plan  of  the  road  from  London  to  BriftoL 

XMapofCorhca  laS  p.  ».  --j^ 

9  Portrait  of  John  Wilkes,  tfq;  191  25  Plan  of  the  wards  of  Candlewick  and 

10  Vlaw  of  Dr.  fiatty^s  houTe  at  Twicken>  Langtourn  ^  520 
.     ham             •                                            J 76  26  Portrait  of  the  late  Mrs.  Pritchard     61  c 

11  PoMrait  of  Pafchal  Paoli  240     27  Plan  of  the  road  from  London  to  Bock. 
•12  Lift  of  the  houfc  of  common^        -  ibid.  insham  ^-- 

jANUAtr  24,  1769. 

•   0/7  February  i,  mil  be  publrjlxd, 

THE  LONDON  MAGAZINE: 

OR, 

GentlemanV  Mont iily   Intelligencer j 

for    JAN  U  A  R  Y,     1769- 

Illuflrated  by 

A  North-Eafir  and   South- Weft   View  of  Minsden  Chapel   i* 
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Aifo.a.NEW  Song,  fct  toMufic; 

Containing,  with  the  Addition  of^ight  Pages  of  I^tter-Prcft 

^  extraordinary,  The  Hiftory  of  the   laft  Seffion  of  Parliament ;    of 

the  utmoft  Importance  to  thofc  wJio  would  underftand  the  Nature 

'Of  our  excellent  Conftltutb!!.     A  great  Varicty~of  Produdions   in 

,4»oft  Branches   of  Literature/    A  felefl  Colle^ion  of  Poetry.     A 

•^  Tlirge  and  intefefting  Account  of  foreign  and  domeftick  Affaire, &c* 

^    \  ^  .  To  be  continued  Monthly,  Price  Six-Pence. 

^^dLadlcs  and  Gentkmfcnindined  to  bcgiji  the  Njw  Veajr  Y^'ilh  THE  LOXDON. 
M  A  G  A  Z 1  N  E^  may  bdfcred  Monthly,  a|  ihcir  own  Houfcs,  at  only  Six -pence  each 
vSurnhpn^jr^viug  J^tjcft  fo  JR,  Baldwii^  i/i  Patcr-nollcr.RattV.flr  to  anjr  of  iW 
^ook^Ucrs^  or  th«  litwt-f^mkth  '^  To.^n.and  Country, 

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