Lycoming College catalog

NOTICE OF NON-DISCRIMINATION POLICY

Lycoming College welcomes applications from pro-
spective students regardless of age, sex, race, religious
preference, physical disability, financial resources,
color, national or ethnic origin. This policy is in
compliance with the requirements of Title VI of the
Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Educational
Amendments of 1972 and all other applicable federal,
state and local statutes, ordinances and regulations.

I

A QUICK LOOK AT LYCOMING

Location Williamsport, Pennsylvania 17701

Phone (717) 326-1951

Founded 1812

Enrollment (Fall, 1979) 1159 (684 men and 475 women)

Accreditation Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools

University Senate of The United Methodist
Church

Church Affiliation United Methodist

Student/ Faculty Ratio Fifteen to one

Library Volumes 142,000; 902 current periodical titles

Size of Campus Main campus: 20 acres; Athletic field: 12 acres

Number of Buildings Nineteen

Calendar 4-4-1 (1 = Optional May term)

1980-81 Fixed Charges Tuition $3720

Room & Board $1770

Total $5490

May and summer term charges are not included in
these figures.

Books and supplies normally cost $75 to $150 per
year. Allowance must be made for laundry, travel,
clothing and personal needs.

Financial Aid Lycoming students received more than $2.8 mil-

lion in financial assistance last year. Prospective
students should discuss their financial needs with
the Director of Student Financial Aid.

CONTENTS

Page
Introduction to Lycoming 5

Admission to Lycoming 7

Expenses and Financial Aid 9

The Academic Program 15

Student Services 35

The Curriculum 41

College Directory 132

The 1980-1981 Academic Calendar 146

Campus Facilities 148

Campus Map 149

Index 151

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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION TO LYCOMING

THIS IS LYCOMING

Lycoming College is an independent, coeducational institution dedi-
cated to a liberal arts and sciences program.

The college's academic relevance derives from its enduring commit-
ment to the value of a liberal education, carefully designed mission and
highly trained faculty. Its principal aim is to help each student develop
a central core of integrated values, skills, information and strategies that
can lead to a productive and fulfilling life in many fields while allowing
continuous growth and development.

The college awards bachelor of arts degrees in 29 major fields. The
curriculum is challenging. Its balance and diversity allows students to
study in breadth and depth. There are opportunities to design individ-
ual fields of study and to study off campus and at other colleges and
universities.

The ratio of faculty to students is 15 to 1. Most classes are small. All
faculty members teach. In fields where the Ph.D. is considered the
terminal degree, about 70 percent of Lycoming's faculty hold that degree
from some of the nation's outstanding colleges and universities. And
faculty members take their counseling and advising seriously. They care
about students as human beings.

Lycoming houses about 885 of its 1,150 students. Most students
find the campus friendly and comfortable. Students come from all
economic classes, religious beliefs and geographic areas. They work and
play in an atmosphere of respect and tolerance.

Lycoming's location has been described as the best of both worlds.
The college is situated on a slight prominence near downtown Williams-
port, a small city nestled along the West Branch of the Susquehanna
River in the hills and valleys of Northcentral Pennsylvania. Yet it is only
a few hours away from metropolitan centers such as New York City,
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Washington, Baltimore, Syracuse and
Rochester. The Williamsport metro area is home to about 80,000
persons.

Lycoming enjoys a relationship with The United Methodist Church.
It supports the Methodist tradition of providing an education for
persons of all faiths.

Fully accredited, Lycoming is a member of the Middle States
Association of Colleges and Schools and the University Senate of The
United Methodist Church. It is a member of the Association of American
Colleges, the Pennsylvania Association of Colleges and Universities, the
Commission for Independent Colleges and Universities, the National
Commission on Accrediting and the National Association of Schools
and Colleges of The United Methodist Church.

HISTORY

Lycoming College was founded in 1812 as the Williamsport Academy, an
elementary and secondary school. Thirty-six years later, the academy
became the Williamsport Dickinson Seminary under the patronage of
The Methodist Episcopal Church. The seminary operated as a private
boarding school until 1929 when a college curriculum was added and it
became the Williamsport Dickinson Seminary and Junior College. In
1947, the junior college became a four-year degree-granting college of
liberal arts and sciences. It adopted the name Lycoming, derived from
the Indian word "lacomic," meaning "Great Stream." The word Lycom-
ing has been common to Northcentral Pennsylvania since colonial days.

CHAPTER II
ADMISSION TO LYCOMING

POLICY AND STANDARDS

Lycoming College welcomes applications from prospective students
regardless of age, sex, race, religious preference, financial resources,
color, national or ethnic origin or physical impairment. Admission is
based on the following standards:

— graduation from an accredited secondary school;
— completion of a college preparatory program that includes Eng-
lish and mathematics plus units in foreign language, natural
science and social science;
— satisfactory College Entrance Examination Board Scholastic Ap-
titude Test (SAT) or American College Test (ACT) scores.

A secondary school student of exceptional maturity and with
significant academic preparation may apply to Lycoming as a candidate
for early admission. If admitted, the student enters the college after
completing the junior year in school. Special students who are not
enrolled in a degree program and who wish to enroll in one or more
courses in any semester are welcome to apply.

Lycoming is fully approved for the educational program for veter-
ans under Federal Public Laws 550, 634, 894.

APPLICATION AND SELECTION PROCESS

For students considering a fall semester admission, applications should
be filed by April 1. The application should be accompanied by a $15
application fee, an official secondary school transcript forwarded by the
school guidance office and the results of either the Scholastic Aptitude
Test (SAT) or the American College Test (ACT). Applications are
considered after April 1 on a space-available basis.

The completed application is evaluated individually by identifying
each applicant's academic achievements, talents, qualities and interests.
Lycoming notifies applicants of their acceptance as soon as possible after
all credentials have been received and evaluated. In some instances,
additional information may be needed to complete the evaluation.

Admitted applicants must notify the college of their intent to enroll
by May 1, the national candidates' reply date. This notification must be
accompanied by a $100 advance deposit which is applied to the first term
tuition. After May 1, the $100 deposit is not refundable.

ADVANCED STANDING BY TRANSFER

The college welcomes transfer students from other accredited colleges

and universities according to the following standards and procedures:

— applicants must be in good academic standing with a minimum

cumulative grade point average of 2.0 at their current or previous

college;

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— all courses passed that are comparable to the curriculum at

Lycoming will be accepted for transfer;
— the grades earned in all transferable courses are included in the

computation of the cumulative grade point average;
— academic standing at Lycoming will be based on an evaluation of

all courses attempted at all other institutions;
— the final eight courses for the bachelor of arts degree must be

taken at Lycoming;
— official copies of transcripts from all institutions attended must be

submitted as a part of the admission application.

ADMISSIONS OFFICE LOCATION AND HOURS

Prospective students and their families are invited to campus for a
student-conducted tour and a meeting with an admissions officer who
will provide additional information about the college and answer any
questions.

The admissions office is located on the first floor of Long Hall. For
an appointment telephone (717) 326-1951, ext. 221 or write Office of
Admissions, Lycoming College, Williamsport, PA 17701. Office hours
are:
Weekdays — September through April 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

— May through August 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.

Saturdays — September through April 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon

— May through August No Saturday Hours.

CHAPTER III
EXPENSES AND FINANCIAL AID

EXPENSES FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1980-81

The following expenses are effective for the regular fall and spring
semesters. The college reserves the right to adjust fees at any time. The
fees for each semester are payable not later than the second day of
classes for the semester.

FEES

Comprehensive Fee

Board and Room Rent

PER SEMESTER

PER YEAR

$1,860

$3,720

885

1,770

Total $2,745 $5,490

One-Time Fees and Deposits

Application Fee $ 15

Admissions Deposit 100

Contingency Deposit 50

Part-Time Student Fees

Application Fee $ 15

Each Unit Course 465

Additional Charges

Applied Music Fee (half-hour per week per semester) $ 130

Applied Music Fee (group session per semester) 65

Cap and Gown Rental prevailing cost

Laboratory Fee per Unit Course 5 to 35

Registration Fee 25

Parking Permit (for the academic year) 10 to 15

Parking Permit With Reserved Space (for the academic year) ... 50

Practice Teaching Fee (Payable in Junior Year) 130

R.O.T.C. Basic Course Deposit

(Payable at Bucknell University) 40

R.O.T.C. Advanced Course Deposit

(Payable at Bucknell University) 40

Transcript Fee (No charge to full-time students) 3

Medical Questionnaire Fee

(Payable to Medical Datamation, Inc.) 10

The comprehensive fee covers the regular course load of three to
four courses each semester. Resident students must board at the college
unless, for extraordinary reasons, authorization is extended for other
eating arrangements. If a double room is used as a single room, there is

an additional charge of $135 per semester. The estimated cost for books
and supplies is $75 to $150 per year, depending on the course of study.
Special session (May term and summer term) charges for tuition, room
and board are established during the fall semester.

ENTRY FEES AND DEPOSITS

Application Fee — All students applying for admission must submit
a $15 application fee. This charge defrays the cost of processing the
application and is non-refundable.

Admissions Deposit — After students have been notified of their
admission to the college, they are required to make a $100 admissions
deposit to confirm their intention to matriculate. The deposit is applied to
the general charges for the first semester of attendance. After May 1, the
deposit is non-refundable.

Contingency Deposit — A contingency deposit of $50 is required of
all full-time students as a guarantee for payment of damage to or loss of
college property, for library and parking fines or similar penalties
imposed by the college. The deposit is collected along with other
charges for the initial semester. The balance of this deposit is refunded
after all debts to the college have been paid, either upon graduation or
upon written request submitted to the Registrar two weeks prior to
voluntary permanent termination of enrollment at Lycoming College.

PARTIAL PAYMENTS

For the convenience of those who find it impossible to follow the regular
schedule of payments, arrangements may be made with the college
Business Manager for the monthly payment of college fees through
various educational plans. Additional information concerning partial
payments may be obtained from the Business Manager or Director of
Admissions.

REFUNDS FOR STUDENTS WHO WITHDRAW

Refunds of tuition and board are made to students who voluntarily
withdraw from the college while in good standing according to the
following schedule for the fall and spring semesters and the comparable
period for the May and summer terms.

Period of Withdrawal Refund % Charge %

First four weeks of the semester 70 30

Second four weeks of the semester . 40 60

Third four weeks of the semester ... 10 90

After twelve weeks — 0 — 100

The date on which the Dean of the College approves the student's
withdrawal form is considered the official date of withdrawal.

Room charges, which are established on a semester basis, and
special charges, such as laboratory fees, are not refundable if a student

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leaves the college prior to the end of a semester.

Full-time students are not eligible for a refund of tuition for an
individual course if the course is dropped after the first 10 days of either
regular semster.

NON-PAYMENT OF FEES PENALTY

Students will not be registered for courses in a new semester if their
accounts for previous attendance have not been settled. Diplomas,
grade reports, transcripts and certifications of withdrawals in good
standing are issued only when a satisfactory settlement of all financial
obligations has been made in the Business Office.

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FINANIAL AID POLICY AND PROCEDURES

The dominant factor in determining the amount of financial aid awarded
to individual students is the establishment of need. Scholarships may be
awarded on the basis of financial need and academic ability, while
grants are provided exclusively on the basis of financial need. Long-
term, low-cost educational loans are available from federal and state
sources to most students who can demonstrate need. Part-time em-
ployment is available to students who are in good academic standing.

To apply for financial assistance, obtain the Financial Aid Form
(F.A.F.) from the secondary school guidance office or the Office of
Financial Aid at Lycoming. Submit the completed form to the College
Scholarship Service, P.O. Box 2700, Princeton, NJ 08541, as early as
possible after January 1. Renewal applications are required annually.

Scholarships — Freshman Recognition Scholarships of $700 each are
awarded to applicants who have superior academic qualifications but do
not demonstrate any financial need. These scholarships are renewable
each year if the student maintains a minimum 3.25 cumulative grade
point average. Other scholarships, ranging from $300 to full tuition, are
awarded to freshmen who rank in the top fifth of their secondary school
class and have a combined score of more than 1100 on the College
Entrance Examination Board Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). These
scholarships are renewable each year if the student maintains a min-
imum 3.00 cumulative grade point average.

Grants-In-Aid — Lycoming has established an extensive program of
grants-in-aid for worthy students who do not qualify for scholarships.
Awards are based on demonstrated need and the prospect of the
student contributing positively to the college community. Renewal
requires continued financial need, maintenance of satisfactory academic
and citizenship standards and participation in college activities.

Ministerial Grants-In-Aid — Children of ministers of the Central
Pennsylvania Annual Conference of The United Methodist Church
receive grants equal to one-third of the charges for tuition, while
children of ministers of other Annual Conferences of The United
Methodist Church and of other denominations receive grants equal to
one-fourth of the charges for tuition. Students who will be entering the
ministry may apply for a preministerial student grant equal to one-
fourth tuition. Applicants must complete and submit the Financial Aid
Form (F.A.F.) and pre-ministerial students must also submit the Ap-
plication for Pre-Ministerial Grant. If an applicant demonstrates more
need for financial assistance than a ministerial grant-in-aid provides,
additional types of aid will be considered. These grants-in-aid are part of
a total financial assistance award to meet demonstrated need and are not
given in addition to awards designed to meet established needs.

Federal Basic Educational Opportunity Grants (BEOG) — These
grants, established through the Educational Amendments of 1976,
provide up to $1,800 per year for full-time students who can demon-
strate financial need. Application can be made when submitting the
Financial Aid Form (F.A.F.) or by separate application to the federal

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government on forms which are available in secondary school guidance
offices and the Office of Financial Aid at Lycoming. All students are
urged to apply for this program.

Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants (SEOG) —
This federal government program provides additional assistance to
those students with exceptional financial need. Awards are made in
amounts ranging from $200 to $1,500 and are based entirely on financial
need. Renewal is possible if the applicant has no reduction in financial
need in succeeding years.

Federal National Direct Student Loans (NDSD— Federal govern-
ment loan funds are available through the National Defense Education
Act of 1958. Low interest loans of up to $1,500 per year are granted on
the basis of demonstrated need. Repayment does not begin until after
graduation or withdrawal from college. Loans are normally renewed
annually if the applicant files a renewal application by May 1.

Federal College Work-Study Grants (CWSP)— An opportunity is
provided through this program for students to earn part of their college
expenses and to gain some practical experience by working on campus
or in selected off-campus programs. Federal government income
guidelines must be met to be eligible for this program. Students who do
not meet these guidelines should consult with the Career Development
Center or Office of Financial Aid for other employment opportunities.

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Other Sources of Financial Assistance —

State Grants. All applicants for financial aid are urged to investigate
programs sponsored by their home states and to learn about and heed
application deadlines. Pennsylvania applicants should apply for state
aid during their senior year in high school, usually before April 30. For
additional information, applicants should contact their secondary school
guidance counselor or write: Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance
Agency (PHEAA), Towne House, Harrisburg, PA 17102.

State Guaranteed Loans. Most states, including Pennsylvania, New
Jersey and New York, provide state guaranteed loans through local
banks. This program provides low interest loans of up to $2,500 per year
for educational expenses with repayment extended over a long-term
payment schedule. Applicants should consult their local banks early in
their senior year.

Community Scholarships. In many communities, foundations and
organizations, and in some cases high schools, provide funds for worthy
students. Applicants should consult with their secondary school gui-
dance counselor or principal.

Education Financing Plans. The Business Office at Lycoming provides
information about plans which enable parents to pay college expenses
on a monthly basis through selected companies.

Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) Scholarships. Students who
participate in Army ROTC are eligible for three, two and one-year ROTC
scholarships to finance tuition, books, laboratory fees and other charges
with the exception of room and board. ROTC scholarship students also
receive $100 per month during the academic year.

Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) Stipends. Students who partic-
ipate in the Army ROTC program receive $100 per academic month of
their junior and senior years. They also receive half of a second
lieutenant's pay plus travel expenses for a six-week advanced summer
camp between the junior and senior years.

INFORMATION CONCERNING FINANCIAL AID CAN BE OBTAINED BY
WRITING THE OFFICE OF FINANCIAL AID, LYCOMING COLLEGE, WIL-
LIAMSPORT, PA 17701 OR BY TELEPHONING (717) 326-1951, ext. 232 or 233.

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CHAPTER IV
THE ACADEMIC PROGRAM

THE DEGREE

Lycoming is committed to the principle that a liberal arts education is the
best hope for an enlightened citizenry. Consequently, the bachelor of
arts degree is conferred upon the student who has completed an
educational program incorporating the two principles of the liberal arts
known as distribution and concentration. The objective of the distribu-
tion principle is to insure that the student achieves breadth in learning
through the study of the major dimensions of human inquiry: the
humanities, the social sciences and the natural sciences. The objective of
the concentration principle is to provide depth of learning through
completion of a program of study in a given discipline or subject area
known as the major.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE

Every degree candidate is expected to complete the following require-
ments in order to qualify for graduation:

— complete the distribution program.

— complete a major consisting of at least eight courses while
achieving a minimum grade point average of 2.0 in those courses.

— earn one year of credit in physical education. All students must
demonstrate competence in swimming. (Medical exemptions
may be granted by the college physician after an examination and
review of the student's medical history and family physician's
report.)

— pass a minimum of 128 semester hours (32 unit courses) with a
minimum cumulative average of 2.0. Additional credits beyond
128 semester hours may be completed provided the minimum 2.0
cumulative average is maintained.

— complete in residence the final eight courses offered for the degree
at Lycoming.

— satisfy all financial obligations incurred at the college.

— complete the above requirements within seven years of con-
tinuous enrollment following the date of matriculation.

All exemptions or waivers of specific requirements are made by the
Committee on Academic Standing.

THE DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM

A course can be used to satisfy only one distribution requirement.
Courses for which a grade of "S" is recorded may not be used toward
the fulfillment of the distribution requirements. (Refer to page 21 for an
explanation of the grading system.) A course in any of the following
distribution requirements refers to a full-unit (four semester hours)

15

course taken at Lycoming, any appropriate combination of fractional
unit courses taken at Lycoming which accumulate to four semester
hours, or any single course of three or more semester hours transferred
from another institution.

English — All students are required to pass or exempt English 2,
which must be taken no later than the second semester (usually the
spring semester) of their sophomore year, and one other English course,
excluding English 1. In addition, all students who have not been
exempted from English 1 must receive a mark of "Satisfactory" in
English 1 before being permitted to enroll in English 2. Students may be
exempted from English 1 on the basis of high achievement on both
objective parts of the CLEP General Examination in English Composi-
tion, which may be taken during the year before entrance or during
freshman orientation. Furthermore, some students may be eligible, after
consultation with the Department of English, to exempt English 2 on the
basis of their CLEP performance.

Foreign Language or Mathematics — Students are required to meet
a minimum basic requirement in either a foreign language or the
mathematical sciences.

Foreign Language. Students may choose from among French, Ger-
man, Greek, Hebrew or Spanish and are required to pass two courses
on the intermediate or higher course level. Placement at the appropriate
course level will be determined by the faculty of the Department of
Foreign Languages and Literatures. Students who have completed two
or more years of a given language in high school are not admitted for
credit to the elementary course in the same foreign language except by
written permission of the chairman of the department. French 28 and
Spanish 28 will meet part of this requirement only if the section taught
in the language is completed.

Mathematics. Students are required to demonstrate competence in
basic algebra and to pass three units of mathematical science other than
Mathematics 5. Competence in basic algebra may be demonstrated
either by passing the basic algebra section of the Mathematics Placement
Examination or by passing Mathematics 5. By demonstrating higher
competence on the Mathematics Placement Examination, students may
reduce the requirement to two units of mathematical science. No more
than IV2 units may be taken in computer science.

Religion or Philosophy — Students are required to pass two courses
in either religion or philosophy.

Fine Arts — Students are required to pass two courses as indicated
in art, literature, music or theatre.

Art. Any two courses.

Literature. Any two literature courses selected from the offerings of
the Departments of English and Foreign Languages and Literatures.

Music. Any of the following combinations of music offerings total-
ing the equivalent of eight semester hours:

— two courses from those numbered Music 10 through Music 46.

— eight semesters of applied music (private lessons) and/or en-

16

semble (choir, band) from courses numbered 60 through 69,
earned fractionally, as follows:

— (1) for private lessons (Music 60 through 66), a one-half hour
lesson per week earns one-half hour credit, and a one-hour
lesson earns one hour of credit. Note: no more than one hour of
private lessons may be taken in one semester, and there are extra
fees for these lessons. (For details see Department of Music
course offerings described elsewhere in this catalog.)

— (2) credit may be earned for participation in the college choir
(Music 68) and/or band (Music 69); however, a student may earn
no more than one hour each semester even though participating
in both band and choir. (For further details please see the
Department of Music offerings elsewhere in this catalog.)

Theatre. Any two courses numbered 10 and above.

Natural Science — Students are required to pass any two courses in
one of the following disciplines: astronomy/physics, biology, chemistry.

History and Social Science — Students are required to pass two
courses as indicated in economics, history, political science, psychology
or sociology/ anthropology.

Economics. Any two courses.

History. Any two courses.

Political Science. Any two courses.

Psychology. Psychology 10, plus one course usually chosen from
among Psychology 15, 16, 17, 18, 24, 33 or 39.

Sociology /Anthropology. Sociology/Anthropology 10 plus another
Course.

THE MAJOR

Students are required to complete a series of courses in one departmen-
tal or interdisciplinary (established or individual) major. Specific course
requirements for each major offered by the college are listed in the
curriculum section of this catalog, beginning on page 41. Students must
earn a precise 2.0 or better average in those courses stipulated as
comprising the major. (This requirement is not met by averaging the
grades for all courses completed in the major department.) Students
must declare a major by the beginning of their junior year. Departmental
and established interdisciplinary majors are declared in the Office of the
Registrar, whereas individual interdisciplinary majors must be ap-
proved by the Committee on Curriculum Development. Students may
complete more than one major, each of which will be recorded on the
transcript. Students may be removed from major status if they are not
making satisfactory progress in the major. This action is taken by the
Dean of the College upon the recommendation of the department,
coordinating committee (for established interdisciplinary majors) or
Curriculum Development Committee (for individual interdisciplinary
majors). The decision of the Dean of the College may be appealed to the
Academic Standing Committee by the student involved or the recom-
mending department or committee.

17

Departmental Majors — Departmental majors are available in the
following areas:

Accounting History

Art Mathematics

Astronomy Music

Biology Philosophy

Business Administration Physics

Chemistry Political Science

Computer Science Psychology

Economics Religion

English Sociology/Anthropology

Foreign Langauges and Theatre

Literatures

French, German, Spanish

Established Interdisciplinary Majors — The following established
interdisciplinary majors include course work in two or more depart-
ments:

Accounting-Mathematics Literature

American Studies Mass Communications

Criminal Justice Near East Culture and Archeology

International Studies

Individual Interdisciplinary Majors — Students may design a major
which is unique to their needs and objectives and which combines
course work in more than one department. This major is developed in
consultation with the student's faculty adviser and with a panel of
faculty members from each of the sponsoring departments. The applica-
tion is acted upon by the Curriculum Development Committee. The
major normally consists of 10 courses beyond those taken to satisfy the
distribution requirements. Students are expected to complete at least six
courses at the junior or senior level. Examples of individual in-
terdisciplinary majors are Racial and Cultural Minorities, Illustration In
the Print Medium, Environmental Law, Advertising, Human Behavior
and Images of Man.

18

ACADEMIC ADVISEMENT

One advantage of a small college is the rich experience gained by the
close association of students and faculty. The advisement program at
Lycoming enables students to discuss academic and other problems as
well as opportunities with faculty advisers, instructors and the staffs of
the Dean of the College and the Dean of Student Services.

At the beginning of their first semester of enrollment, freshmen are
assigned a faculty adviser who is prepared to assist new college students
with the challenges of an unfamiliar social and academic environment.
All students are required to have a faculty adviser, and students who
have declared a major must have an adviser from within the major
department or program.

Although the advisement program is an important part of the
Lycoming academic experience, students are expected to accept full
responsibility for their academic programs, including satisfactory com-
pletion of program and college-wide requirements.

Special advising for selected professions is provided by the health,
legal and theological professions advisory committees. Students in-
terested in these professions should register with the appropriate
committee during their first semester of enrollment at Lycoming or
immediately after they decide to enter these professions.

Preparation for Health Professions — The program of pre-pro-
fessional education for the health professions (allopathic, dental, os-
teopathic, podiatric and veterinary medicine, optometry, pharmacy) is
organized around a solid foundation in biology, chemistry, mathematics
and physics and a wide range of subject matter from the humanities,
social sciences and fine arts. At least three years of undergraduate study
is recommended before entry into a professional school; the normal
procedure is to complete the bachelor of arts degree.

Students interested in one of the health professions or in an allied
health career should make their intentions known to the admissions
office when applying and to the Health Professions Advisory Commit-
tee (HPAC) during their first semester. The committee advises students
concerning preparation for and application to health professions'
schools. All pre-health professions students are invited to join the
student pre-health professions association. (See also cooperative pro-
grams in podiatric medicine and medical technology.)

Preparation for Legal Professions — Lycoming offers a strong
academic preparation for students interested in law as a profession.
Admission to law school is not predicated upon a particular major or
area of study; rather, a student is encouraged to design a course of study
(traditional or interdisciplinary major) which is of personal interest and
significance. While no specific major is recommended, there are certain
skills of particular relevance to the pre-law student: clear writing,
analytical thinking and language comprehension. These skills should be
developed during the undergraduate years.

Pre-law students should register with the Legal Professions Ad-
visory Committee (LPAC) upon entering Lycoming and should join the

19

Pre-Law Society on campus. LPAC assists the pre-law student through
advisement, compilation of recommendations and dissemination of
information and materials about law and the legal profession. It spon-
sors Pre-LSAT workshops to help prepare students for the law boards,
and an annual Pre-Law Night which brings admission deans, law
students and practicing lawyers on campus. The Pre-Law Society has
sponsored films, speakers and field trips, including several to the
United States Supreme Court.

Preparation for Theological Professions — The Theological Pro-
fessions Advisory Committee (TPAC) acts as a "center" for students,
faculty and clergy to discuss the needs of students who want to prepare
themselves for the ministry, religious education, advanced training in
religion or related vocations. Also, it may help coordinate internships
for students who desire practical experience in the parish ministry or
related areas. Upon entering Lycoming, students should register with
TPAC if they plan to investigate the religious vocations.

In general, students preparing to attend a theological seminary
should examine the suggestions set down by the Association of Theolog-
ical Schools (available from TPAC). Recommended is a broad program
in the liberal arts, a major in one of the humanities (English, history,
languages, literature, philosophy, religion) or one of the social sciences
(American studies, criminal justice, economics, international studies,
political science, psychology, sociology-anthropology) and a variety of
electives. Students preparing for a career in religious education should
major in religion and elect five or six courses in psychology, education
and sociology. This program of study will qualify students to work as an
educational assistant or a director of religious education after graduate
study in a theological seminary.

REGISTRATION

During the registration period, students file a schedule form with the
Office of the Registrar. The filing of this form by students and its
acceptance by the college is evidence of a commitment by students to
perform in the courses listed to the best of their abilities. Any change in
the schedule of courses listed on the form, including changes in
sections, without the formal approval of the Office of the Registrar will
result in a grade of F. Students may not receive credit in courses in
which they are not registered. Registration procedures may not be
initiated after the close of the registration period.

During the first 10 days of classes, students may drop any course
without any record of such enrollment appearing on the permanent
record, and they may add any course that is not closed. Approval of the
instructor is required during the last five days. Students wishing to drop
a course between the 10th day and the 12th week of classes must secure
a withdrawal form from the Office of the Registrar, which is presented
to the instructor of the course in question, who assigns a withdrawal
grade based on the level of the student's performance from the begin-
ning of the course to the date of withdrawal. Withdrawal grades are not

20

computed in the grade point average. Students may not withdraw from
courses after the 12th week of a semester and the comparable period
during the May and summer terms.

THE UNIT COURSE SYSTEM

Instruction at Lycoming College is organized, with few exceptions, on a
departmental basis. Most courses are unit courses, meaning that each
course taken is considered to be equivalent to four semester hours of
credit. Exceptions occur in applied music courses, which are offered for
either one-half or one semester hour of credit, and in departments that
have elected to offer certain courses for the equivalent of two semester
hours of credit. Further, independent studies and internships carrying
two semester hours of credit may be designed. The normal student
course load is four courses during the fall and spring semesters.
Students who elect to attend the special sessions may enroll in one
course during the May term and one or two courses in the summer term.
A student is considered full time when enrolled for a minimum of three
courses during the fall or spring semesters, one course for the May term
and two courses for the summer term. Students may enroll in five
courses during the fall and spring semesters if they are Lycoming
Scholars or were admitted to the Dean's List at the end of the previous
semester. Exceptions may be granted by the Dean of the College.
Overloads are not permitted during the May and summer terms.

THE SYSTEM OF GRADING AND REPORTING OF GRADES

The evaluation of student performance in credit courses is indicated by
the use of traditional letter symbols. These symbols and their definitions
are as follows:

A Excellent — Signifies superior achievement through mas-

tery of content or skills and demonstration of
creative and independent thinking.

B High Pass — Signifies better-than-average achievement

wherein the student reveals insight and un-
derstanding.

C Pass — Signifies satisfactory achievement wherein

the student's work has been of average quali-
ty and quantity. The student has demon-
strated basic competence in the subject area
and may enroll in additional course work.

D Low Pass — Signifies unsatisfactory achievement wherein

the student met only the minimum require-
ments for passing the course and should not
continue in the subject area without de-
partmental advice.

F Failing — Signifies that the student has not met the

minimum requirements for passing the
course.

21

I Incomplete Work — Assigned in accordance with the restrictions

of established academic policy.

S Passing Work, — Converted from traditional grade of D or

no grade assigned better.

U Failing work, — Converted from traditional grade of F.

no grade assigned.

X Audit — Work as an auditor for which no credit is

earned.

W Withdrawal — Signifies withdrawal from the course early in

the term when it cannot be determined that
the student is passing or failing.

WP Withdrawal, passing — The student was passing at the time of

withdrawal; no credit is earned.

WF Withdrawal, failing — The student was failing at the time of

withdrawal; no credit is earned.

Use of the satisfactory/unsatisfactory grading option is limited as
follows (this does not apply to English 1):

— students may enroll on an S/U basis in no more than one course
per semester and no more than four courses during their under-
graduate career;

— S/U courses completed after declaration of the major may not be
used to satisfy a requirement of that major, including courses
required by the major department which are offered by other
departments. (Instructor-designed courses are excepted from this
limitation.)

— courses for which a grade of S is recorded may not be used
toward fulfillment of any distribution requirement.

— students may not enroll in English 2 on an S/U basis.

— a course selected on an S/U basis which is subsequently
withdrawn will not count toward the four-course limit.

— instructor- designated courses may be offered during the May
term with the approval of the Dean of the College. Such courses
are not counted toward the four -course limit.

— S/U grades are not computed in the grade point average.

— students electing the S/U option may designate a minimum
acceptable letter grade of A or B. If the letter grade actually earned
by the student equals or exceeds this minimum, that letter grade
is entered on the student's permanent record and is computed in
the grade point average. In such a case, the course does not count
toward the four-course limit. If the student does not indicate a
minimum acceptable letter grade or if the letter grade actually
earned is lower than the minimum designated by the student, the
Registrar substitutes an S for any passing grade (A, B, C or D) and
a U for an F grade.

— students must declare the S/U option before the end of the period
during which courses may be added during any given semester
or term.

22

— instructors are not notified which of their students are enrolled on

an S/U basis.
— students electing the S/U option are expected to perform the same

work as those enrolled on a regular basis.
Incomplete grades may be given if, for absolutely unavoidable
reasons (usually medical in nature), the student has not been able to
complete the work requisite to the course. An incomplete grade must be
removed within six weeks of the next regular semester.

ATTENDANCE

The academic program at Lycoming is based upon the assumption that
there is value in class attendance for all students. Individual instructors
have the prerogative of establishing reasonable absence regulations in
any course. The student is responsible for learning and observing these
regulations.

STUDENT RECORDS

The policy regarding student educational records is designed to protect
the privacy of students against unwarranted intrusions and is consistent
with Section 438 of the General Education Provision Act (commonly
known as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, as
amended). The details of the college policy on student records and the
procedures for gaining access to student records are contained in the
current issue of The Pathfinder, which is available in the library and the
Office of the Dean of the College.

ACADEMIC STANDING AND ACADEMIC HONESTY

Students will be placed on academic probation if either the number of
hours completed or cumulative grade point average falls below the
following standards:

Seniester Enrolled Hours Completed Cumulative CPA

(Full-time)

1 12 1.66

2 28 1.85

3 44 1.90

4 60 2.00

5 76 2.00

6 92 2.00

7 108 2.00

8 124 2.00
Students will be subject to suspension from the college if they:

— can not achieve good standing by the end of summer term;
— are on probation for two consecutive semesters;
— achieve a grade point average of 1.00 or below during any one
semester.
Students will be subject to dismissal from the college if they:
— can not reasonably complete all requirements for a degree;

23

— exceed 24 semester hours of unsuccessful course attempts (grades
of F, U, W, WP, WF), except in the case of withdrawal for medical
or psychological reasons.

The integrity of the academic process of the college requires honesty
in all phases of the instructional program. The college assumes that
students are committed to the principle of academic honesty. Students
who fail to honor this commitment are subject to dismissal. Procedural
guidelines and rules for the adjudication of cases of academic dishonesty
are printed in The Faculty Handbook and The Pathfinder (the student
academic handbook), copies of which are available in the library.

CREDIT BY EXAMINATION

Advanced Placement — Entering freshmen who have completed an
advanced course while in secondary school and who have taken the
appropriate advanced placement examination of the College Entrance
Examination Board (CEEB) are encouraged to apply for credit and
advanced placement at the time of admission. A grade of three or above
is considered satisfactory.

College Level Examination Program (CLEP) — Students may earn
college credit for superior achievement through CLEP. By achieving at
the 75th percentile or above on the General Examinations and the 65th
percentile or above on approved Subject Examinations, students may
earn up to 50 percent of the course requirements for a bachelor of arts
degree. Although these examinations may be taken after enrollment,
new students who are competent in a given area are encouraged to take
the examinations of their choice during the second semester of their
senior year so that Lycoming will have the test scores available for
registration advisement for the first semester of enrollment. Further
information about CLEP may be obtained through the secondary school
guidance office or the Office of Admissions at Lycoming College.

ACADEMIC HONORS

Dean's List — Students are admitted to the Dean's List at the end of
the fall and spring semesters if they have completed at least four courses
with other than S/U grades, and have a minimum grade point average of
precisely 3.50 for the semester.

Graduation Honors — Students are awarded the bachelor of arts
degree with honors when they have earned the following precise grade
point averages based on all courses attempted, including courses
transferred from other institutions to Lycoming:

summa cum laude 3.90-4.00

magna cum laude 3.50-3.89

cum laude 3.25-3.49

24

Academic Honor Awards and Societies — Superior academic
achievement is recognized through the conferring of awards at the
annual Honors Day convocation and Commencement and through
election to membership in the following honor societies:

Blue Key Freshman Men

Gold Key Freshman Women

Beta Beta Beta Biology

Omicron Delta Epsilon Economics

Phi Alpha Theta History

Phi Sigma Tau Philosophy

Sigma Pi Sigma Physics

Pi Sigma Alpha Political Science

Psi Chi Psychology

Pi Gamma Mu Social Science

Phi Kappa Phi General Academic

Departmental Honors — Honors projects are normally undertaken
only in a student's major, and are available only to exceptionally well-
qualified students who have a solid background in the area of the project
and are capable of considerable self-direction. The prerequisites for
registration in an honors program are as follows:

— a faculty member from the department(s) in which the honors
project is to be undertaken must agree to be the director and must
secure departmental approval of the project.
— the director, in consultation with the student, must convene a
committee consisting of two faculty members from the depart-
ment in which the project is to be undertaken, one of whom is the
director of the project, and one faculty member from each of two
other departments related to the subject matter of the study.
— the honors committee must then certify by their signatures on the
application that the project in question is academically legitimate
and worthy of pursuit as an honors project, and that the student
in question is qualified to pursue the project.
— the project must be approved by the Committee on Individual

Studies.
Students successfully complete honors projects by satisfying the
following conditions in accordance with guidelines established by the
Committee on Individual Studies:

— the student must produce a substantial research paper, critical
study or creative project. If the end product is a creative project,
a critical paper analyzing the techniques and principles employed
and the nature of the achievement represented in the project shall
be submitted.
— the student must successfully explain and defend the work in a

final oral examination given by the honors committee.
— the honors committee must certify that the student has suc-
cessfully defended the project and that the student's achievement
is clearly superior to that which would ordinarily be required to
earn a grade of "A" in a regular independent studies course.

25

— the Committee on Individual Studies must certify that the stu-
dent has satisfied all of the conditions mentioned above.

Except in unusual circumstances, honors projects are expected to
involve independent study in two consecutive unit courses. Successful
completion of the honors project will cause the designation of honors in
that department to be placed upon the permanent record. Acceptable
theses are deposited in the college library. In the event that the study is
not completed successfully or is not deemed worthy of honors, the
student shall be re-registered in independent studies and given a final
grade for the course.

26

SPECIAL FEATURES

Independent Studies — Independent studies are available to any
qualified student who wishes to engage in and receive academic credit
for any academically legitimate course of study for which he or she could
not otherwise receive credit. It may be pursued at any level (introduc-
tory, intermediate or advanced) and in any department, whether or not
the student is a major in that department. Studies projects which
duplicate catalog courses are sometimes possible, and are subject to the
same provisions which apply to all studies projects. In order for a
student to be registered in an independent study course, the following
conditions must be satisfied:

— an appropriate member of the faculty must agree to supervise the
project and must certify by signing the application form that the
project is academically legitimate and involves an amount of work
appropriate for the amount of academic credit requested, and that
the student in question is qualified to pursue the project.
— the studies project must be approved by the chairman of the

department in which the studies project is to be undertaken.
— after the project is approved by the instructor and by the
chairman of the appropriate department, the studies project must
be approved by the Committee on Individual Studies.

In addition, participation in independent studies projects, with the
exception of those which duplicate catalog courses, is subject to the
following:

— students may not engage in more than one independent studies
project during any given semester.

— students may not engage in more than two independent studies
projects during their academic career at Lycoming College.

As with other academic policies, any exceptions to these two rules
must be approved by the Academic Standing Committee.

Internship Program — An internship is a course jointly sponsored
by the college and a public or private agency or subdivision of the
college in which a student is enabled to earn college credit by partici-
pating in some active capacity as an assistant, aide or apprentice. The
objectives of the internship program are (1) to further the development
of a central core of values, awarenesses, strategies, skills, and informa-
tion through experiences outside the classroom or other campus situ-
ations, and (2) to facilitate the integration of theory and practice by
encouraging students to relate their on-campus academic experiences
more directly to society in general and to possible career and other post-
baccalaureate objectives in particular.

Any junior or senior student in good academic standing may
petition the Committee on Individual Studies for approval to serve as an
intern for one or two semesters. A maximum of 16 credits can be earned.
Guidelines for program development, assignment of tasks and academic
requirements, such as exams, papers, reports, grades, etc., are estab-
lished in consultation with a faculty director at Lycoming and an agency
supervisor at the place of internship.

27

Students with diverse majors have participated in a wide variety of
internships, including those with the Allenwood Federal Prison Camp,
Lycoming County Commissioners Office, Department of Environmental
Resources, Head Start, Lycoming County Historical Society, business
and accounting firms, law offices, hospitals, social service agencies,
banks and congressional offices.

May Term — The May term is a four-week voluntary session de-
signed to provide students with experimental and special courses that
are not normally available during the fall and spring semesters and
summer term. Some courses are offered on campus; others involve
travel. A number offer interdisciplinary credit. Illustrations of the types
of courses offered during the May term are:

(a) Study-Travel: Cultural Tours of Germany, Spain, France, Ire-
land and the United Kingdom; Archeological Expeditions to the Middle
East; Oceanographic Expeditions in Bermuda; Literature of the Sea on
location in the Caribbean; Anthropological Expeditions to New Mexico
to study tri-cultural communities; Utopian Communities; Photography
Workshops in Vermont; Revolutionary and Civil War Sites.

(b) On-Campus: Financial Statement Analysis, Silk-screen Printing,
Field Geology, History of Astronomy, Field Ornithology, Chemical
Analysis, Managing the Small Business, Women in Management,
Energy Economics, Public School Curriculum, Writer's Seminar,
Modern American Humor, The Norman Kingdom, Practical Logic,
Psychology of Group Processes, Ancient Near East Religion, Juvenile
Delinquency. Some courses offered during the fall and spring semesters
are offered during the May term as well.

Although participation in the May term is voluntary, student
response has been outstanding with approximately 25 to 30 percent of
the student body enrolling. In addition to the courses themselves,
attractions include small and informal classes and reduced tuition rates.

Study Abroad — Students have the opportunity to study abroad
under auspices of approved universities and agencies. While study
abroad is particularly attractive to students majoring in foreign lan-
guages and literatures, this opportunity is open to all students in good
academic standing. Mastery of a foreign language is desirable but not
required in all programs. A file of opportunities is available in the
library.

NOTE: Lycoming College cannot assume responsibility for the health, safety or welfare
of any student engaged in or en route to or from any off-campus study or activity not
under the exclusive jurisdiction of this institution.

Auditors — Any person may audit courses at Lycoming at one-
fourth tuition per course. Laboratory and other special fees must be paid
in full. Examinations, papers and other evaluation devices are not
required of auditors, but individual arrangements may be made to
complete such exercises with the consent of the instructor.

28

Part-Time Students — Any person may take up to two courses
during any semester or summer term (one in May term). Part-time
special students pay the $15 application fee for the first registration and
the part-time tuition rate in effect at the time of each enrollment.

COOPERATIVE PROGRAMS

Lycoming has developed several cooperative programs in order to
provide students with opportunities to extend their knowledge, abili-
ties and talents in selected areas through access to the specialized
academic programs and facilities of other colleges, universities,
academies and hospitals. Although thorough advisement and curricular
planning are provided for each of the cooperative programs, admission
to Lycoming and registration in the program of choice does not
guarantee admission to the cooperating institution. The prerogative of
admitting students to the cooperative aspect of the program rests with
the cooperating institution. Students who are interested in a cooperative
program should contact the coordinator during the first week of the first
semester of their enrollment at Lycoming. This is necessary to plan their
course programs in a manner that will insure completion of required
courses according to the schedule stipulated for the program. All
cooperative programs require special coordination of course scheduling
at Lycoming.

Engineering — Combining the advantages of a liberal arts education
and the technical training of an engineering curriculum, this program is
offered in conjunction with Bucknell University and The Pennsylvania
State University. Students complete three years of study at Lycoming
and two years at the cooperating university. Upon satisfactory comple-
tion of the first year of engineering studies, Lycoming awards the
bachelor of arts degree. When students successfully complete the
second year of engineering studies, the cooperating university awards
the bachelor of science degree in engineering.

At Lycoming, students complete the distribution program and
courses in physics, mathematics and chemistry. Engineering specialities
offered at Bucknell University include chemical, civil, electrical and
mechanical. The Pennsylvania State University offers aerospace,
chemical, civil, electrical, environmental, industrial, mechanical, min-
ing, nuclear and petroleum engineering.

Forestry or Environmental Studies — Lycoming College offers a
cooperative program with Duke University in environmental man-
agement and forestry. Qualified students can earn the bachelor's and
master's degrees in five years, spending three years at Lycoming and
two years at Duke. All Lycoming distribution and major requirements
must be completed by the end of the junior year. At the end of the first
year at Duke, the B.A. degree will be awarded by Lycoming. Duke will
award the professional degree of Master of Forestry or Master of
Environmental Management to qualified candidates at the end of the
second year.

29

The major program emphases at Duke are Natural Resources
Science/Ecology, Natural Resources Systems Science and Natural Re-
sources Economics/Policy. The program is flexible enough, however, to
accommodate a variety of individual designs. An undergraduate major
in one of the natural sciences, social sciences or business may provide
good preparation for the programs at Duke, but a student with any
undergraduate concentration will be considered for admission. All
students need at least two courses each in biology, mathematics and
economics.

Students begin the program at Duke in July after their junior year at
Lycoming with a one-month session of field work in natural resource
measurements. They must complete a total of 60 units which generally
takes four semesters.

Some students prefer to complete the bachelor's degree before
undertaking graduate study at Duke. The master's degree requirements
for these students are the same as for those students entering after the
junior year, but the 60-unit requirement may be reduced for completed
relevant undergraduate work of satisfactory quality. All credit reduc-
tions are determined individually and consider the student's educa-
tional background and objectives.

Medical Technology — Students desiring a career in medical
technology may either complete a bachelor of arts program followed by
a clinical internship at any American Medical Association accredited
hospital or they may complete the cooperative program. Students
electing the cooperative program normally study for three years at
Lycoming, during which time they complete 24 unit courses, including
the college distribution requirements, a major and requirements of the
National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences
(NAACLS). The current requirements of the NAACLS are: four courses
in chemistry (one of which must be either organic or biochemistry); four
courses in biology (including courses in microbiology and immunology),
and one course in mathematics.

Students in the cooperative program usually major in biology,
following a modified major of six unit courses that exempts them from
Ecology (Biology 24) and Plant Sciences (Biology 25). Students must take
either Animal Physiology (Biology 23) or Cell Physiology (Biology 35).
The cooperative program requires successful completion of a one-year
internship at an American Medical Association accredited hospital.
Lycoming is affiliated with the following accredited hospitals: Williams-
port, Divine Providence, Robert Packer, Lancaster and Abington. Stu-
dents in the cooperative program receive credit at Lycoming for each of
eight unit courses in biology and chemistry successfully completed
during the clinical internship. Successful completion of the Registry
Examination is not considered a graduation requirement at Lycoming
College.

Students entering a clinical internship for one year after graduation
from Lycoming must complete all of the requirements of the cooperative
program, but are not eligible for the biology major exemptions indicated

30

above. Upon graduation, such students may apply for admission to a
clinical program at any hospital.

Podiatry — Students interested in podiatry may either seek ad-
mission to a college of podiatric medicine upon completion of the
bachelor of arts degree or through the Accelerated Podiatric Medical
Education Curriculum Program (APMEC). The latter program provides
an opportunity for students to qualify for admission to the Pennsylvania
College of Podiatric Medicine (PCPM) after three years of study at
Lycoming. At Lycoming, students in the APMEC program must suc-
cessfully complete 24 unit courses, including the distribution program
and a basic foundation in biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics.
During the first year of study at PCPM, students must successfully
complete the equivalent of 48 semester hours of basic science courses in
addition to a program in introduction to podiatry. Successful completion
of the first year of professional training will contribute toward the
fulfillment of the course requirements for the bachelor of arts degree at
Lycoming.

Reserve Officers Training Corps Program (R.O.T.C.) — The pro-
gram provides a voluntary opportunity for Lycoming students to enroll
on a non-credit basis in the Bucknell University R.O.T.C. unit. Lycom-
ing notes enrollment in and successful completion of the program on
student transcripts. Military Science is a four-year program divided into
a basic course given during the freshman and sophomore years and an
advanced course given during the junior and senior years. Students
who have not completed the basic course may qualify for the advanced
course by completing summer camp between the sophomore and junior
years. Students enrolled in the advanced course receive a monthly
stipend of $100 for up to 10 months a year. Students successfully
completing the advanced course and advanced summer camp between
the junior and senior years will qualify for a commission as a Second
Lieutenant in the United States Army upon graduation, and will incur a
service obligation in the active Army or Army Reserves. The only
expense to the student for this program is the deposit referred to in
Chapter III under "Entry Fee and Deposits."

Student Enrichment Semester — This voluntary program is de-
signed to expand academic and life opportunities for students and to
provide for participation in specialized programs and courses not
available at Lycoming. Other members of the program are Bucknell and
Susquehanna Universities, the Williamsport Area Community College,
and Bloomsburg, Lock Haven and Mansfield State Colleges. Students
other than freshmen enroll full time for credit, normally for one
semester or term, at any participating institution in selected courses.
Students in the program remain fully enrolled as degree candidates at
their home institutions. A special opportunity within the program is the
cross-registration arrangement with the Williamsport Area Community
College whereby students may enroll for less than a full-time course
load while remaining enrolled in courses at Lycoming.

31

Washington, United Nations and London Semesters — With the
consent of the Department of Political Science, selected students are
permitted to study in Washington, D.C. at The American University for
one full semester. They may choose from seven different programs:
Washington Semester, Urban Semester, Foreign Policy Semester, In-
ternational Development Semester, Economic Policy Semester, Science
and Technology Semester, American Studies Semester.

With the consent of either the Department of History or Political
Science, selected students may enroll at Drew University in Madison,
N.J., in the United Nations Semester, which is designed to provide a
first-hand acquaintance with the world organization. Students with
special interests in world history, international relations, law and
politics are eligible to participate.

The London Semester programs of Drew and The American Uni-
versity emphasize European history, politics and culture. Interested
students participate with the consent of either the Department of
History or Political Science.

Normally the above special semester programs are open only to
juniors.

Lycoming College cannot assume responsibility for the health, safety or welfare of
students engaged in or en route to or from any off-campus studies or activities which are
not under the exclusive jurisdiction of this institution.

THE LYCOMING SCHOLAR PROGRAM

The Lycoming College Scholar Program is a special program for special
people. It is designed to meet the needs and aspirations of highly
motivated students of superior intellectual ability. It offers these people
the opportunity to develop their full potential through an innovative
and demanding academic course of study. It is a constantly evolving,
carefully supervised program which keeps pace with new trends in
education. Since it consists of carefully selected and supervised stu-
dents, it can incorporate ideas and policies far in advance of the
institution as a whole.

The present Scholar Program features a strong core curriculum so
that its students will have the kind of background in the liberal arts
which educational leaders throughout the nation now recognize as a
fundamental necessity in coping with a rapidly changing, increasingly
complex world. The program also attempts to help students understand
the relationships between the academic disciplines by incorporating
special seminars which draw together the specific content of various
fields into a coherent whole so that the information can be applied to
important issues of the present and the future.

In addition, the program recognizes the positive aspects of a major,
which prepares students to assume specific roles in life by providing
participants the opportunity to engage in serious independent study
and thought culminating in a major senior project presented to fellow
scholars.

32

In short, the Scholar Program represents a strong commitment on
the part of Lycoming College to meet the needs of talented students who
themselves have a sincere commitment to high quality scholarship and
intellectual development.

Students are admitted to the program through invitation by the
Scholar Council, a group which oversees all aspects of the program. The
council consists of four students elected by current scholars and four
faculty selected by the Dean of the College. The guidelines governing
selection of new scholars are flexible because exceptional individuals
express their talents in different ways. Some do so through traditional
indicators of academic excellence, such as superior rank in class, high
GPA or superior SAT scores; others through extracurricular activities
which demand a high degree of intellectual curiosity, motivation,
imagination, creativity or desire for excellence, and still others through
an obvious commitment to the value of intellectual dialogue, independ-
ent thought and the concept of an outstanding liberal arts education.

To remain in the program, students must maintain an average of
3.00 or better. Students dropping below this average will be placed on
probation until their average is again satisfactory, or they are asked to
leave the program.

To graduate as a Scholar, students must have at least a 3.25
cumulative average. They must take the First Year Scholar Seminar
during their first semester in the program. In addition, the following
core requirements must be completed.

A. Writing. Scholars must display above average writing skills by
the end of the sophomore year, as certified by the Department of
English and the Scholar Council. This requirement may be met by
obtaining a sufficiently high score on an appropriate CLEP examination
or by a grade of "B" in English 2. Students not meeting the requirement
in either of these ways by the end of the freshman year will be asked to
do extra work until the competency is reached.

B. Foreign Language. Scholars must complete the second semester
of an intermediate level language course, or one numbered higher, or
demonstrate an equivalent proficiency in an exam designated by the
Department of Foreign Languages.

C. History. Scholars must complete History 10, 11 (Europe 1500 to
present).

D. Mathematical Science. Scholars must successfully complete one
course in mathematical sciences from among the following: 9, 13, 15, 18
or higher.

E. Physical Education. Scholars must satisfy the same physical
education requirement stipulated by the college for all students.

F. Scholars must complete one course and one Scholar Seminar in
each of the four divisions of study described below. After work in a
given division is completed, students will take a Scholar Seminar
specifically designed for that division.

The four divisions of learning in the Scholar Program are designed
to parallel the college distribution requirements not included in the
Scholar Program core curriculum. The Scholar Council gives these

33

slightly different titles: Studies in Society, Philosophy and Religion,
Literature and the Fine Arts, Modeling Quantitative Phenomena.
These titles differ because the council reserves the right to allow its
students to take courses outside the departments included in the
traditional distribution structure if those courses parallel those in the
college-wide requirements.1

Scholars must take one "upper level" course in each division and
one seminar designated by the Scholar Council, which develops a
transdisciplinary approach to a problem relating to that area. Generally,
courses from the appropriate departments numbered 20 or above will
satisfy this upper-level requirement. In some areas, especially Modeling
Quantitative Phenomena, Scholars will have to take lower-level courses
as prerequisites to upper-level ones. This is designed to encourage
Scholars to pursue a more rigorous curriculum. Scholars will find it
possible in most cases to take a single course in that track if they select
wisely.

G. A senior project must be completed based on some aspects of the
major. Normally, this project will be done as either an independent or
honors study sponsored by an instructor from the major field and a
faculty member of the Council.

H. Scholars must complete a major and 32 units, exclusive of the
First Year Scholar Seminar.

'Certain departments offer courses that clearly fit in more than one division. For example,
psychology offers courses that belong in the quantitative division and others that belong
in the studies in society area.

34

CHAPTER V
STUDENT SERVICES

ADMINISTRATION

The program of student services at Lycoming is administered by the
Office of Student Services. It is designed to respond to a diversity of
student needs. The four staff members, three of whom live on campus,
are assigned the specific responsibilities of:

— career counseling and placement;

— residence life;

— student activities, student union, student government, In-
trafraternity Council and Panhellenic Adviser, retention program;

— religious life, health services, study skills program, reading
improvement courses.

All members of the staff are available to counsel and advise
individual students.

PERSONAL COUNSELING

All members of the staff of the Office of Student Services are qualified
and available to provide non-therapeutic assistance to students with
adjustment problems. A psychiatrist serves as a consultant to the staff
and is available for evaluation of individual students who may be in
need of professional services. Continuing therapy is available through
referral to public agencies and private clinicians in the Williamsport
community. Financial arrangements for these referral services are made
directly by the student with the agency and/or individual clinician
involved.

HEALTH SERVICES

Normal medical treatment by the health service staff at the college is
provided without cost to the student. During the fall and spring
semesters, the college maintains an out-patient service in Rich Hall. It is
staffed with a registered nurse five days a week from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00
p.m. The college physician is available from 11:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon,
Monday through Friday. At other times, emergency care is available at
the emergency rooms of Williamsport and Divine Providence Hospitals,
located a short distance from the campus. The college pays the emer-
gency room charge and the emergency room physician's fee for illness
when the health service is closed.

Medical service charges paid by the student are: emergency room
and emergency room physician's charges (except as indicated above),
special medications, X-rays, surgery, care for major accidents, im-
munizations, examinations for glasses, physician's visits other than in
the health service, referrals for treatment by specialists, special nursing
services and special services.

35

Entering students must provide basic health information to the
college between the time of admission and the beginning of classes of
the term to which they are admitted. This information is secured
through college participation in the computerized health information
service provided by Medical Datamation, Inc. New students complete
the DASH Medical Information Questionnaire that is mailed to students
shortly after they have confirmed their admission to Lycoming. The
completed form is sent by the student to Medical Datamation together
with a check for $10. Both the student and the college receive reports
based on the questionnaire responses. The student report consists of a
Medical Database Report, a Health Risk Index and as many health
information brochures as requested. Information provided by the stu-
dent is confidential and is available only to qualified health service and
student services personnel.

STUDY IMPROVEMENT SERVICES

Skills Seminars — The seminars, consisting of three one-hour ses-
sions on scheduling of time, test-taking and study methods, are
scheduled on demand for six to 10 students.

Reading Course — Designed to improve reading speed and com-
prehension, this three-week course is offered at various times during
the academic year for a fee of $15.

CAREER DEVELOPMENT SERVICES

The Career Development Center provides services which are designed
to help students identify their abilities and interests, set realistic career
goals and plan academic programs to meet these goals. Counseling for
Lycoming students begins in the freshman year.

In addition to individual guidance, the center maintains a library on
specific careers, employment outlooks and career trends. Services
offered by the center include:
— individual counseling;
— career planning seminars in values clarification, skill assessment

and decision making;
— 2500 volume career library;

— relaxation workshops and assertiveness training;
— SHARE (Students Having A Real Experience), a program in
which students observe and work with a professional in the field;
— placement services to aid seniors in implementing their career

plans;
— assistance to students in securing internships, summer em-
ployment and part-time employment;
— speaker's program which brings professionals from a variety of

careers to campus seminars;
— video-cassette programs relating to job skills and career informa-
tion;
— microfiche copies of graduate and professional school catalogs for
the United States and abroad.

36

""^"•V

*-

RESIDENCE AND RESIDENCE HALLS

Students who are single and who do not reside at home are required to
live in residence halls and eat in the dining room. All new resident
students are forwarded a room agreement form to sign after confirma-
tion of their admission to Lycoming. This agreement is renewed each
spring. Exceptions to the residence policy may be granted to those
students who wish to live with relatives, and students who are 23 years
of age and older and have established non-resident status. Requests for
such exemptions must be submitted to the Assistant Dean of Student
Services for Residence Life before the first day of the term to which the
student has been admitted.

Resident students assume responsibility for their rooms and
furnishings. The college reserves the right to enter and inspect any room
for reasons of damage, health or safety and to search any room when
there is reason to believe a violation of college rules or the law is
occurring or has occurred. Charges are assessed for damage to rooms,
doors, furniture and common areas. Wherever possible, damage to
dormitory property will be charged to the person or persons directly
responsible. Damage and breakage occurring in a room will be the
responsibility of students occupying the room. Hall and bathroom
damage will be the responsibility of all students of the section where
damage occurs. Actual costs of repairs will be charged.

Residence halls are not available for occupancy during the vacation
periods. Quiet hours for study purposes, which are established by
residence hall councils or the Office of Student Services, are published
in the Residence Halls Handbook and posted on bulletin boards.

Room visitation by members of the opposite sex is permitted in the
halls under conditions established by the college in cooperation with the
various residence hall councils, which share responsibility for develop-
ing and monitoring regulations and which are organized each fall
semester before visitation schedules are established.

37

STANDARDS OF CONDUCT

Lycoming students are expected to accept responsibilities required of
adults. The rights of every member of the college community are
protected by established regulations. Although the acceptance of the
college's standards of behavior is an individual responsibility, it also
calls for group responsibility. Students should influence their peers to
conduct themselves responsibly for the collective good.

Students who are unable to demonstrate that they have accepted
these responsibilities or who fail to abide by established policies may be
dismissed at any time or denied readmission for a subsequent term or
semester. Further, after the conclusion of any term or semester, the
college may deny a student the privilege of attending any subsequent
term or semester when the administration deems this to be in the best
interest of the college.

Lycoming College does not approve of the use or misuse of
alcoholic beverages and encourages students to abstain from their use
and to abide by the legal restrictions on alcohol use established by the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Observance of the law is the individ-
ual responsibility of each student, and failure to obey the law may
subject the student to prosecution by civil authorities, either on or off
campus.

Students also are expected to be aware of the college's attitude
toward the use and misuse of alcohol and to acknowledge the college's
right to its position. The college will not tolerate any public use of
alcohol. Officials of the college will prescribe penalties for the public or
private misuse of alcohol. These penalties will be applied in a consistent
manner.

The college recognizes its responsibility, however, for providing
students with reliable information about the social and medical implica-
tions of the use of alcohol. Lycoming makes every effort to create and
maintain a community in which individual choice is coupled with
responsible behavior and respect for the rights of others.

Upon enrolling, all students are given a copy of the Guidepost.
Resident students are given a Residence Halls Handbook. These documents
contain the college's official policies, rules and regulations, all of which
are part of the contractual agreement students enter into when they
register at Lycoming.

RELIGIOUS LIFE

Opportunities for spiritual growth are provided through voluntary
participation in the religious life of the college and the community. The
religious life program is intended to encourage students to sustain their
own religious commitments.

Two chaplains, one Protestant and one Roman Catholic, live on
campus. They conduct regular worship services in the college chapels
and several ecumenical services during the special seasons of the church
year, including Christmas, Easter and Passover. The chaplains provide
counseling and minister to the college community's spiritual needs.

38

In addition, a United Campus Ministry involving local clergy,
students and cooperating churches in the community provides other
worship and service opportunities, study and religious activities.

The United Campus Ministry Center is located on the basement
level of Clarke Chapel. It contains the St. John Neumann Chapel, a
social and meeting area, chapel offices, sacristry and a lounge.

ORIENTATION OF NEW STUDENTS

The purpose of the orientation program is to insure that new students
begin their Lycoming experience under the most favorable circum-
stances and to provide opportunities for new students and their parents
to become more fully informed about the college. Sessions of two and
one-half days each are organized each summer. Attendance by all new
students and at least one parent is required. During the orientation
program, parents and students participate in the following activities:

— briefing sessions on the academic and co-curricular programs;

— academic advisement and registration for fall semester classes;

— placement testing in swimming, mathematics and English;

— purchase of textbooks.

Orientation information is mailed to students after they have
confirmed their admission to Lycoming.

39

STUDENT ACTIVITIES

A full and varied program of cultural, professional, athletic and social
activities is available at Lycoming for students who wish to grow
personally as well as intellectually.

Student government provides students with an opportunity to
influence their activities and social life. A student judiciary has juris-
diction over many areas of student behavior.

Students interested in communications can serve on the staffs of the
campus newspaper, yearbook, radio station or literary magazine. For
students with other interests, there are numerous clubs, honor societies,
social fraternities and sororities and a national service fraternity.

Musicians can play in the band or sing in the choir. Thespians can
participate in four major plays each year.

An extensive program of intercollegiate and intramural athletics
operates year-round. It includes men's intercollegiate teams in football,
soccer, basketball, wrestling, tennis and track and field; women's
intercollegiate teams in basketball, field hockey and tennis and a club
team in track and field, and a coed swimming team.

The community offers a plethora of shops, stores, restaurants and
recreational sites. The hills surrounding the campus are crisscrossed
with hiking and cross-country ski trails, clotted with camping and picnic
sites and lined with trout-filled streams and creeks.

Information about activities is printed in the Guidepost and other
college publications and is available through the Office of Student
Services.

40

CHAPTER VI

THE CURRICULUM

Numbers 1-9 Elementary courses in departments where such courses

are not counted as part of the student's major.
Numbers 10-19 Freshman level courses
Numbers 20-29 Sophomore level courses
Numbers 30-39 Junior level courses
Numbers 40-49 Senior level courses

Numbers 50-59 Non-catalog courses (offered on a limited basis)
Numbers 60-69 Applied Music
Numbers 70-79 Internships
Numbers 80-89 Independent Study
Numbers 90-99 Independent Study for Departmental Honors

Courses not in sequence are listed separately, as:

Introduction to Art Art 10

Drawing 1 Art 11

Courses which imply a sequence are indicated with a dash between,
meaning that the first semester must be taken prior to the second, as:

Intermediate French French 10-11

All students without regard to sex have the right of access to all courses.

ACCOUNTING

Professor: Richmond (Chairman)
Assistant Professor: Kuhns

The purpose of the accounting major is to help prepare the student for a career
within the accounting profession, whether public, private or governmental,
through a curriculum stressing pre- professional education.

A major consists of Accounting 10, 20-21, 30, 40, 41, 45, Mathematics 13,
Computer Science 15 and one and one-half units to be selected from Accounting
25, 26, (31, 42, 44, 46, 47 and 48 or Internship. Business 10 may be substituted for
Accounting 10 if a student changes majors.

Students seeking entry into the public accounting field are advised to
investigate the professional requirements for certification in the state in which
they intend to practice so that they may meet all educational requirements prior
to graduation. All majors are advised to enroll in Economics 10 and 11, Business
35, 36 and 38, and one of the following: Business 33, Economics 20 or 37.

10 ELEMENTARY ACCOUNTING THEORY

An introductory course in recording, classifying, summarizing and in-
terpreting the basic business transaction. Problems of classification and
interpretation of accounts and preparation of financial statements are
studied. Prerequisite: Second-semester freshman or consent of instructor.

20-21 INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING THEORY

An intensive study of accounting statements and analytical procedures with
an emphasis upon corporate accounts, various decision models, price-level

41

models, earnings per share, pension accounting, accounting for leases and
financial statement analysis. Prerequisite: Accounting 10.

25 FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS

Deals with the analysis of financial statements as an aid to decision making.
The theme of the course is understanding the financial data which are
analyzed as well as the methods by which they are analyzed and in-
terpreted. This course should prove of value to all who need a thorough
understanding of the uses to which financial statements are put as well as
to those who must know how to use them intelligently and effectively. This
includes accountants, security analysts, lending officers, credit analysts,
managers and all others who make decisions on the basis of financial data.
Prerequisite: Accounting 10 or Business 10. May term.

26 GOVERNMENTAL AND FUND ACCOUNTING

This course is designed to introduce accounting for not-for-profit organiza-
tions. Municipal accounting, reporting and auditing, and federal and
institutional accounting and reporting are studied. Prerequisite: Accounting
10 or Business 10. One-half unit of credit.

30-31 COST AND BUDGETARY ACCOUNTING THEORY

Methods of accounting for material, labor and factory overhead expenses
consumed in manufacturing using job order, process and standard costing.
Application of cost accounting and budgeting theory to decision making in
the areas of make or buy, expansion of production and sales, and account-
ing for control are dealt with. Prerequisite: Accounting 20 or consent of
instructor.

40 AUDITING THEORY

A study of the science or art of verifying, analyzing and interpreting
accounts and reports. The goal of the course is to emphasize concepts which
will enable students to understand the philosophy and environment of
auditing. Special attention is given to the public accounting profession,
studying auditing standards, professional ethics, the legal liability inherent
in the attest function, the study and evaluation of internal control, the
nature of evidence, the growing use of statistical sampling, the impact of
electronic data processing and the basic approach to planning an audit.
Finally, various audit reports expressing independent expert opinions on
the fairness of financial statements are studied. Prerequisite: Accounting 21,
Mathematics 13 and Computer Science 15.

41 FEDERAL INCOME TAX ACCOUNTING AND PLANNING

Analysis of the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code relating to income,
deductions, inventories and accounting methods. Practical problems involv-
ing determination of income and deductions, capital gains and losses,
computation and payment of taxes through withholding at the source and
through declaration are considered. Planning transactions so that a min-
imum amount of tax will result is emphasized. Prerequisite: Accounting 10 or
consent of instructor.

42

42 FEDERAL INCOME TAX ADMINISTRATION AND PLANNING

An analysis of the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code relating to
partnerships, estates, trusts and corporations. An extensive series of
problems is considered and effective tax planning is emphasized. Prere-
quisite: Accounting 41.

43 ADVANCED ACCOUNTING

An intensive study of partnerships, installment and consignment sales,
branch accounting, bankruptcy and reorganization, estates and trusts,
government entities, nonprofit organizations and accounting and reporting
for the SEC. Prerequisite: Accounting 21.

44 CONTROLLERSHIP

Control process in the organization. General systems theory, financial
control systems, centralization-decentralization, performance measurement
and evaluation, forecasts and budgets and marketing, production and
finance models for control purposes. Prerequisite: Accounting 31 or consent of
instructor. Alternate years.

45 AUDITING PRACTICE

An audit project is presented, solved and the auditor's report is written.
THIS COURSE IS LIMITED TO STUDENTS WHO HAVE EITHER COM-
PLETED OR ARE ENROLLED IN ACCOUNTING 40. One-half unit of credit.

46 SEMINAR ON APB OPINIONS AND FASB STANDARDS

A seminar course for accounting majors with library assignments to gain a
workable understanding of the highly technical opinions of the Accounting
Principles Board and standards of the Financial Accounting Standards
Board. One term paper. Possible trip to New York City to attend a public
hearing of the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Prerequisite: Account-
ing 10. May term.

47 ADVANCED ACCOUNTING

Certain areas of advanced accounting theory, including business combina-
tions, consolidated financial statements and accounting and reporting for
the Securities and Exchange Commission are covered. Prerequisite: Account-
ing 21. One-half unit of credit.

48 CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS FOR CPA CANDIDATES

Problems from the Accounting Practice sections of past C.P.A. examina-
tions which require a thorough knowledge of the core courses in their
solution are assigned. The course is intended to meet the needs of those
interested in public accounting and preparation for the Certified Public
Accountants Examination. Prerequisite: Accounting 30 or consent of instructor.
One-half unit of credit.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Interns in accounting typically work off-campus under the supervision of a
public or private accountant.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Typical examples of recent studies in accounting are: computer program to
generate financial statements, educational core for public accountants,
inventory control and church taxation.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

44

ACCOUNTING— MATHEMATICS

Assistant Professor: Kuhns (Coordinator)

The accounting-mathematics interdisciplinary major is designed to offer, within
a liberal arts framework, courses which will aid in constructing mathematical
models for business decision making. Students obtain a substantial background
in mathematics and a working knowledge in accounting.

Majors will be only four courses short of a math major and three courses
short of an accounting major. Required accounting courses are: Accounting 10,
20, 21, 30, 31. In mathematics they are: Mathematics 18, 19, 20 and 37 plus two
courses from Mathematics 21, 31, 32 and 33. Business courses required are:
Business 35 and 36. Recommended courses include: Mathematics 13 and
Computer Science 15; Business 23, 34, 38 and 39; Economics 10 and 11;
Psychology 15 and 24, and Sociology 10.

AMERICAN STUDIES

Associate Professor: Piper (Coordinator)

The American Studies major offers a comprehensive program in American
civilization which introduces students to the complexities underlying the
development of America and its contemporary life. The 13 major courses
include:

FOUR CORE COURSES — The primary integrating units of the major, these
team-taught courses will teach you how to think of ideas from different points
of view and how to correlate information and methods from various disciplines:

America As a Civilization (First semester of major study)
American Studies — Research and Methodology (Second semester)
American Tradition in the Arts and Literature (Third semester)
Internship or Independent Study (Junior and/or senior year)

CONCENTRATION AREAS — Six courses in one option and three in the
other are needed. Six primary concentration option courses in American Arts or
American Society build around the insights gained in the core courses. They
focus particular attention on areas most germane to academic and vocational
interests. The three additional courses from the other option give further
breadth to understanding of America. Students also will be encouraged to take
elective courses relating to other cultures.

American Arts Concentration Option

American Art — Art 24

American Art of the 20th Century — Art 32

19th Century American Literature — English 16

20th Century American Literature — English 17

American Music —Music 51

American Theatre — Theatre 51

American Society Concentration Option

U.S. Social and Intellectual History to 1877 —History 42

U.S. Social and Intellectual History since 1877 — History 43

The American Constitutional System —Political Science 30

The American Political Tradition — Political Science 47

American Economic Development — Economics 51

Racial and Cultural Minorities — Sociology 34

45

Students should design their American Studies major in consultation with
the program co-ordinator or a member of the American Studies Committee.

10 AMERICA AS A CIVILIZATION

An analysis of the historical, socio-cultural, economic and political per-
spectives on American civilization with special attention to the interrela-
tionships between these various orientations.

11 AMERICAN STUDIES— RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY

The study and application of various research methods, including new
trends in historical study, quantitative analysis, cross-cultural studies and
on-site inspection.

12 AMERICAN TRADITION IN THE ARTS AND LITERATURE

The relationships of the arts and literature to the various historical periods
of American life.

70-79 or 80-89 INTERNSHIP OR INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

An opportunity to relate the learning in the core courses and the concentra-
tion areas to an actual supervised off-campus learning situation or inde-
pendent study project.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR HONORS (See Index)

46

ART

Associate Professor: Shipley (Chairman)

Assistant Professor: Bogle

Instructor: Lesko

Part-Time Instructor: T. Wild

The Art major chooses between a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional
studio track, and completes a core art history program.

The two-dimensional track consists of Drawing I and II (Art 11 and 21),
Figure Modeling I (Art 16), Two-Dimensional Design (Art 15) and Painting I and
II (Art 20 and 30). Printmaking I and II (Art 28 and 38) may be substituted for
Painting I and II (Art 20 and 30).

The three-dimensional track consists of Drawing I and II (Art 11 and 21),
Figure Modeling I (Art 16), Sculpture I and II (Art 25 and 35) and either Figure
Modeling II (Art 26) or Sculpture III (Art 45).

Each major must take Art 22 and 23 (Survey of Art) and two additional
courses in art history (Art 24-31-32-33-34). Studio Research (Art 46) in the
chosen track is required along with participation in a senior exhibition.

10 INTRODUCTION TO ART

Course includes basic studio work in two and three dimensions as well as
lecture and slide presentations. The goal of the course is to equip the
student with the skills and background necessary to approach art in an open
and receptive manner.

11 DRAWING I

Study of the human figure with gesture and proportion stressed. Student is
made familiar with different drawing techniques and media. Some drawing
from nature. Offered in alternate semesters with Drawing II and III.

12 COLOR THEORY

A study of the physical and emotional aspects of color. Emphasis will be
placed on the study of color as an aesthetic agent for the artist. The color
theories of Johannes Itten will form the base for this course with some study
of the theories of Albert Munsell, Faber Berren and Wilhelm Ostwald. May

term only.

15 TWO-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN

The basic fundamentals found in the two-dimensional arts: line, shape,
form, space, color and composition are taught in relationship to the other
two-dimensional arts. Perceptual theories and their relationships to what
and why we see what we see in art are discussed with each problem.

16 FIGURE MODELING I

Understanding the figure will be approached through learning the basic
structures and proportions of the figure. The course is conceived as a three-
dimensional drawing class. At least one figure per student will be cast.

19 CERAMICS I

Emphasis placed on pottery design as it relates to function of vessels and
the design parameters imposed by the characteristics of clay. The techni-

47

ques of ceramics are taught to encourage expression rather than to dispense
merely a technical body of information.

20 PAINTING I

An introduction of painting techniques and materials. Coordination of
color, value and design within the painting is taught. Some painting from
the figure. No limitations as to painting media, subject matter or style.
Prerequisite: Art 15 or consent of instructor.

21 DRAWING II

Continued study of the human figure. Emphasis is placed on realism and
figure-ground coordination with the use of value and design. Prerequisite:
Art 11.

22 SURVEY OF ART: PRE-HISTORY TO THE MIDDLE AGES

A survey of Western architecture, sculpture and painting. Emphasis is on
the interrelation of form and content and on the relatedness of the visual
arts to their cultural environment: Near East, Egypt, Greece, Rome and
Medieval Europe.

23 SURVEY OF ART: FROM THE RENAISSANCE TO THE MODERN AGE

A survey of Western architecture, sculpture and painting. Emphasis is on
the interrelation of form and content and on the relatedness of the visual
arts to their cultural environment: Renaissance to modern.

24 AMERICAN ART OF THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES

The development of the arts in America from Colonial times through the
19th century; from the unknown folk artist to popular artists such as
Winslow Homer and Thomas Eakins.

25 SCULPTURE I

An introduction to the techniques, materials and ideas of sculpture. Clay,
plaster, wax, wood and other materials will be used. The course will be
concerned with ideas about sculpture as expression, and with giving
material form to ideas.

26 FIGURE MODELING II

Will exploit the structures and understandings learned in Figure Modeling
I to produce larger, more complete figurative works. There will be a
requirement to cast one of the works in plaster. Prerequisite: Art 16 and
consent of instructor.

27 INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAPHY

Objectives of the course are to develop technical skills in the use of
photographic equipment (cameras, films, darkroom, print maker) and to
develop sensitivity in the areas of composition, form, light, picture quality,
etc. Each student must own or have access to a 35mm camera.

48

28 PRINTMAKING I

Practice of the techniques of silk-screen, wood-block and linoleum-block
printing. Prerequisite: Art 11 or 15.

29 CERAMICS II

Continuation of Ceramics I. Emphasis on use of the wheel and technical
aspects such as glaze making and kiln firing. Prerequisite: Art 19.

30 PAINTING II

Emphasis is placed on individual style and technique. Artists and move-
ments in art are studied. No limitations as to painting media, subject matter
or style. Prerequisite: Art 20.

31 20TH CENTURY EUROPEAN ART

Stylistic developments in Europe from 1880 to the present, including
Cubism, Fauvism, Expressionism, Dada and Surrealism. Picasso, Matisse,
Kandinsky and Mondrian are among the major artists studied.

32 AMERICAN ART OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Painting, sculpture and architecture in the United States from 1900 to the
present with emphasis on developments of the 1950's and 1960's: an inquiry
into the meaning and historical roots of contemporary art.

33 19TH CENTURY EUROPEAN ART

Emphasis on painting, sculpture and architecture of Western Europe from

1760 to 1900, including the work of late 18th century artists David and Goya

t and 19th century developments from Romanticism to Post-Impressionism.

34 ART OF THE RENAISSANCE

Painting, sculpture and architecture in Italy and the Northern countries
from the late 13th century through the early 16th century. Artists include
Giotto, Donatello, Alberti, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Van Eyck,
Diirer and Briiegel.

35 SCULPTURE II

A continuation of Sculpture I (Art 25). Emphasis is on advanced technical
processes. Casting of bronze and aluminum sculpture will be done in the
school foundry. Prerequisite: Art 25.

37 PHOTOGRAPHY II

To extend the skills developed in Photography I by continued growth in
technical expertise, presentation, conceptual ability and aesthetic sensi-
bility. Emphasis is placed upon term essay in area of student's interest and
presented in booklet format. Prerequisite: Art 27.

38 PRINTMAKING II

Further exploration of silk-screen printing techniques, practice of the
techniques of engraving, drypoint, etching and aquatint.

49

40 PAINTING III

Professional quality is stressed. There is some experimentation with new
painting techniques and styles.

41 DRAWING III

Continued study of human figure, individual style and professional control
of drawing techniques and media are now emphasized.

45 SCULPTURE III

In Sculpture III the student is expected to produce a series of sculptures that
follow a conceptual and technical line of development. Prerequisites: Art 16,
25 and 35.

46 STUDIO RESEARCH

Independent research in an elective studio area, conducted under the
supervision of the appropriate faculty member, includes creation of work
which may be incorporated in a one-person senior exhibition. Student
works in private studio assigned by the department.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Commercial design, interior design and photography programs in local
businesses, and museum work at the Lycoming County Historical Museum.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Recent studies in anatomy. Aspects of the art noveau, lithography, photo-
graphy, pottery, problems in illustration and watercolor.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

50

ASTRONOMY AND PHYSICS

Professor: Fineman

Assistant Professor: Erickson (Chairman)

Instructor: Keig

The department offers two majors. The major in astronomy is specifically
designed to train students in the field of planetarium education. The major in
physics prepares students for graduate work in physics or astronomy, for the
cooperative program in engineering, or for state certification as secondary school
teachers of physics. Juniors and seniors in both majors are required to attend
and participate in the weekly departmental colloquia.

A number of courses in this department are offered on two levels which
differ in the degree of mathematical rigor and sophistication needed. All such
courses have dual catalog numbers, with the letters B (basic) and A (advanced)
appearing after the course names to indicate the level. Both the B and A level of
a course meet together for the same three hours of lecture each week, while the
A level meets for one additional hour each week of more advanced mathematical
development of the material. This system is designated as the "3+ 1" method.
No student may earn credit for both levels of a course.

The major in astronomy requires AsPh 11, 12, either 15 or 25, either 16 or 26,
30, either 34 or 44, either 35 or 45 and either 36 or 46; Mathematics 18 and 19
(Calculus I and II) and one year of chemistry. One or more of the following are
recommended: AsPh 3, 4, 5, 27, 33 or 42 and Art 27 (Photography I).

The major in physics requires AsPh 11, either 12 or 13, 25, 26, 28, 29 and at
least two courses chosen from 27, 33, 42, 44, 45, 46 and 48; Mathematics 18 and
19 (Calculus I and II) and one year of chemistry. With departmental consent,
advanced courses may be substituted for AsPh 11, 12 or 13. In addition,
Mathematics 20 and 21 (Multivariate Calculus and Differential Equations) are
required for graduate school preparation and the cooperative program in
engineering. It is also recommended that students planning on graduate study
in physics or astronomy take one year of a foreign language and Mathematics 13
and Computer Science 15 (Introduction to Statistics and Computer Science).

3 OBSERVATIONAL ASTRONOMY

A methods course providing the opportunity to make a variety of
astronomical observations, both visually and photographically, with and
without telescopes. The planetarium is used to familiarize the student with
the sky at various times during the year and from different locations on
earth.

4 FIELD GEOLOGY

A methods course introducing the field techniques needed to study the
geology of an area. May term.

5 HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY

A comprehensive view of the evolution of astronomical thought from
ancient Greece to the present, emphasizing the impact that astronomical
discoveries and the conquest of space have had on Western culture. Four
hours of lecture per week.

11 PRINCIPLES OF ASTRONOMY

A summary of current concepts of the universe from the solar system to

51

distant galaxies. Describes the techniques and instruments used in
astronomical research. Presents not only what is reasonably well known
about the universe, but also considers some of the major unsolved prob-
lems. Three hours of lecture, one hour of discussion and planetarium demonstra-
tion, and two hours of laboratory per week. Fall semester.

12 ENVIRONMENTAL AND EARTH SCIENCE

A study of the physical processes that continually affect the planet Earth,
shaping our environment. Describes how past events and lifeforms can be
reconstructed from preserved evidence to reveal the history of our planet
from its origin to the present. Emphasizes the ways in which geology,
meteorology and oceanography interrelate with man and the environment.
Three hours of lecture, one hour of discussion and demonstration, and two hours of
laboratory per week. Spring semester.

13 METEOROLOGY

The general properties of the atmosphere and their measurements will be
discussed in terms of basic physical and chemical laws. Two basic themes
will guide the approach, i.e., the atmosphere behaves like a giant heat
engine and weather patterns exist from a micro-to-macro scale. Three
lectures and one two-hour laboratory per week. May term only. Alternate years.

15 CONCEPTS OF PHYSICS B

25 CONCEPTS OF PHYSICS A

Rather than presenting an encyclopedia view of classical physics, this
course emphasizes the development of concepts and principles to be
applied in all further courses. The fundamental quantities and laws of
mechanics, electricity and magnetism, and thermodynamics will be pre-
sented and illustrated with numerous problems. Lectures presented by the "3
+ 1" method; also one hour of recitation and three hours of laboratory per week.
Credit may not be earned for both Astronomy and Physics 15 and 25.
Prerequisite for 15: Mathematics 17 (Precalculus). Corequisite for 25: Mathematics
18 (Calculus I). Fall semester.

16 WAVES AND PARTICLES B

26 WAVES AND PARTICLES A

Description of waves, the wave equation, electromagnetic waves. Reflec-
tion, refraction, interference and diffraction. The constituents of matter and
radiation, the interaction of matter and radiation, wave-particle duality. The
Bohr atom, atomic structure and atomic spectra. Nuclear structure, radio-
active decay and nuclear reactions. Lectures presented by the "3 + 1" method;
also one hour of recitation and three hours of laboratory per iveek. Credit may not
be earned for both Astronomy and Physics 16 and 26. Prerequisite for
Astronomy and Physics 16: 15 or 25 (Concepts of Physics B or A). Prerequisite for
Astronomy and Physics 26: 25 (Concepts of Physics A). Corequisite for Astronomy
and Physics 26: Mathematics 19 (Calculus II). Spring semester.

27 ELECTRONICS

D.C. and A.C. circuit and network theory, active devices such as transis-
tors, operational amplifiers, integrated circuits and introduction to digital

52

electronics will be covered. Three lectures and two two-hour laboratory sessions
per week. Prerequisites: Astronomy I Physics 15 or 25 and Mathematics 9 or 18 or
consent of instructor. Alternate years.

28 MECHANICS

Kinematics and dynamics of single particles and systems of particles. Rigid
bodies. Introduction to the mechanics of continuous media. Moving refer-
ence frames. Lagrangian mechanics. Four hours of lecture and three hours of
laboratory per week. Prerequisites: Astronomy and Physics 25 (Concepts of Physics
A) and Mathematics 19 (Calculus II).

29 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

The electromagnetic field, electrical potential, magnetic field and electric
and magnetic properties of matter. Electric circuits. Maxwell's equations.
Laboratory includes electronics as well as classical electricity and magne-
tism. Four hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory per week. Prerequisite:
Astronomy and Physics 26 (Waves and Particles A).

30 PLANETARIUM TECHNIQUES

A methods course covering major aspects of planetarium programming,
operation and maintenance. Students are required to prepare and present a
planetarium show. Upon successfully completing the course, students are
eligible to become planetarium assistants. Two hours of lecture and demonstra-
tion and four hours of practical training per week. Prerequisite: Astronomy and
Physics 1 (Principles of Astronomy) or consent of the instructor.

33 OPTICS

Geometrical optics and optical systems; physical optics, interference,
Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction and coherence and lasers will be
covered. Three lectures and three-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisites:
Astronomy IP hysics 16 or 26 and Mathematics 9 or 18 or consent of instructor.
Alternate years.

32 ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS B

42 ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS A

A survey course on the physics of the upper atmosphere. Lectures presented
by the "3 + 1" method. Credit may not be earned for both 32 and 42.
Prerequisites for 32: 12 (Environmental and Earth Science) and Astronomy and
Physics 16 or 26 (Waves and Particles B or A). Prerequisites for Astronomy and
Physics 42: 12 (Environmental and Earth Science) and Astronomy and Physics 26
(Waves and Particles A). Alternate years.

34 RELATIVITY AND COSMOLOGY B
44 RELATIVITY AND COSMOLOGY A

A detailed presentation of the special theory of relativity, and a short view
of the general theory and its classical proofs. Man's concepts of the
universe, with particular attention to alternative modern cosmological
models. Discussion of the Cosmological Principle, its rationale and its

53

implications. Lectures will be presented by the "3 + 1" method. Credit may not
be earned for both Astronomy and Physics 34 and 44. Prerequisites for
Astronomy and Physics 34: 11 (Principles of Astronomy) and either Astronomy and
Physics 15 or 25 (Concepts of Physics B or A), Mathematics 18 (Calculus I).
Prerequisites for Astronomy and Physics 44: 11 (Principles of Astronomy) and 25
(Concepts of Physics A).

35 STELLAR EVOLUTION AND NUCLEOSYNTHESIS B

45 STELLAR EVOLUTION AND NUCLEOSYNTHESIS A

The physical principles governing the internal structure and external
appearance of stars. Mechanisms of energy generation and transport within
stars. The evolution of stars from initial formation to final stages. The
creation of chemical elements by nucleosynthesis. Lectures presented by the "3
+ 1" method. Credit may not be earned for both Astronomy and Physics 35
and 45. Prerequisites for Astronomy and Physics 35: 11 (Principles of Astronomy)
and either Astronomy and Physics 16 or 26 (Waves and Particles B or A).
Corequisite for Astronomy and Physics 35: Mathematics 19 (Calculus II) or consent
of instructor. Prerequisites for Astronomy and Physics 45: 11 (Principles of
Astronomy) and 26 (Waves and Particles A). Alternate years.

36 STELLAR DYNAMICS AND GALACTIC STRUCTURE B

46 STELLAR DYNAMICS AND GALACTIC STRUCTURE A

The motion of objects in gravitational fields. Introduction to the n-body
problem. The relation between stellar motions and the galactic potential.
The large scale structure of galaxies in general and of the Milky Way Galaxy
in particular. Lectures presented by the "3+ 1" method. Credit may not be
earned for both Astronomy and Physics 36 and 46. Prerequisites for 36: 11
(Principles of Astronomy) and either 15 or 25 (Concepts of Physics B or A).
Corequisite for Astronomy and Physics 36: Mathematics 19 (Calculus II) or consent
of instructor. Prerequisites for Astronomy and Physics 46: 11 (Principles of
Astronomy) and 25 (Concepts of Physics A). Corequisite for Astronomy and Physics
46: 28 (Mechanics) or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

48 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM MECHANICS

Basic concepts and formulation of quantum theory. The free particle, the
simple harmonic oscillator, the hydrogen atom and central force problems
will be discussed. Both time-independent and time-dependent perturbation
theory will be covered. Four hours of lecture and recitation. Prerequisite: either
Astronomy and Physics 26 (Waves and Particles A) or Chemistry 31 (Physical
Chemistry II) and Mathematics 21 (Differential Equations).

49 ASTRONOMY AND PHYSICS COLLOQUIA

Active scientists in astronomy, physics and related areas are invited to
present lectures on their own research or other professional activities. In
addition, seniors majoring in astronomy or physics present the results of a
literature survey or individual research project. One hour per week. Majors in
this department must attend three semesters without credit during junior
and senior years (register for non-credit 00, Colloquia). Credit may be
earned during the senior semester in which the student's presentation is
given.

54

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Interns in physics work off campus under the supervision of professional
physicists employed by local industries or hospitals.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Independent studies may be undertaken in most areas of astronomy and/or
physics.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

55

BIOLOGY

Associate Professor: Angstadt (Chairman)

Assistant Professor: Die hi, Gabriel, D. King, Zaccaria, Zimmerman

A major consists of eight biology courses including 10-11, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25.
In addition, three units of chemistry and two units of mathematical science are
required. The chemistry requirement must include at least one unit of organic
chemistry chosen from Chemistry 5, 20 or 21. The mathematical science courses
must be chosen from Computer Science 15 and Mathematics 9, 13, 17 or above,
or their equivalent. Certain specific exceptions to the core program will be made
for three-year students enrolled in cooperative programs. Such exceptions are
noted under the particular cooperative program described in the last section of
the curriculum chapter of the catalog. Students interested in these programs
should contact the program director before finalizing their individual programs.
Credit may not be earned for both Biology 1 and 10 or for both Biology 2 and 11.
Consent of instructor may replace Biology 10-11 as a prerequisite for all biology
courses.

1-2 PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY

An investigation of biological principles, including ecological systems, form
and function in selected representative organisms (especially man), cell
theory, molecular biology, reproduction, inheritance, adaptation and evolu-
tion. The course is designed primarily for students not planning to major in
the biological sciences. Three hours of lecture and one two-hour laboratory per
week.

3 FIELD BIOLOGY FOR TEACHERS

A methods course for students preparing to teach biology. Sources and
methods of collecting and preserving various plant and animal materials.

Summer term only.

5-6 HUMAN ANATOMY— PHYSIOLOGY

An introduction to the physics and chemistry relative to biological systems.
Human anatomy, physiology and developmental biology will be surveyed.
An introduction to microbiology with emphasis given to host-pathogen
relationships and the immune response. Three hours of lecture and one three-
hour laboratory per week.

10-11 INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY

An introduction to the study of biology designed for students planning to
major in the biological sciences. Major topics considered include the origin
of life, cellular respiration and photosynthesis, genetics, development,
anatomy and physiology, ecology, behavior and evolution. Three hours of
lecture and one three-hour laboratory per week.

21 MICROBIOLOGY

A study of microorganisms. Emphasis is given to the identification and
physiology of microorganisms as well as to their role in disease, their
economic importance and industrial applications. Three hours of lecture and
two two-hour laboratory periods per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11.

56

22 GENETICS

A general consideration of the principles governing inheritance, including
treatment of classical, molecular, cytological, physiological, microbial, hu-
man and population genetics. Three hours of lecture and two two-hour
laboratory periods per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11.

23 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY

The mechanisms and functions of animal systems, including the autonomic,
endocrine, digestive, cardio-vascular, respiratory, renal, nervous and re-
productive systems. Mammalian physiology is stressed. Three hours of
lecture and one three-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11.

24 ECOLOGY

The study of the principles of ecology with emphasis on the role of
chemical, physical and biological factors affecting the distribution and
succession of plant and animal populations and communities. Included will
be field studies of local habitats as well as laboratory experimentation. Two
hours of lecture and one four-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11.

25 PLANT SCIENCES

A survey of the structure, development, function, classification and use of
plants and related organisms. The study will comprise four general topic
areas: form, including morphology and anatomy of plants in growth and
reproduction; function, concentrating on nutrition and metabolism peculiar
to photosynthetic organisms; classification systems and plant identification,
and human uses of plants. Three hours of lecture and one three-hour laboratory
per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11

30 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES

Detailed examination of the origins, structure and functions of the principal
organs of vertebrates. Special attention is given to the progressive mod-
ification of organs from lower to higher vertebrates. Three hours of lecture and
one four-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11. Alternate years.

31 HISTOLOGY

A study of the basic body tissues and the microscopic anatomy of the organs
and structures of the body which are formed from them. Focus is on normal
human histology. Three hours of lecture and one four-hour laboratory per week.
Prerequisite: Biology 10-11. Alternate years.

33 ECONOMIC AND SYSTEMATIC BOTANY

Structure and classification of plants with emphasis on those species,

particularly food and drug plants, having significance for human affairs.

Three hours of lecture and one three-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisites:
Biology 10-11. Biology 25. Alternate years.

34 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY

Comparative study of the invertebrate phyla with emphasis on phylogeny,

57

physiology, morphology and ecology. Two three-hour lecture /laboratory peri-
ods per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11. Alternate years.

35 CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

Physico-chemical background of cellular function: functions of membrane
systems and organelles; metabolic pathways; biochemical and cellular bases
of growth, development and responses of organisms. Three hours of lecture
and one three-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11 and a year of
chemistry. Alternate years.

36 INTRODUCTION TO MARINE BIOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL
OCEANOGRAPHY

The study of major marine habitats and the adaptations of marine or-
ganisms as well as the physical and chemical characteristics of oceans.
This field-oriented course is held at a major marine biological station, and
includes diving and collecting from boats. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11. May
term only.

37 FIELD ORNITHOLOGY

A field-oriented course, with in-the-field discussions, demonstrations and
exercises dealing with the systematics and identification of the birds of
the Northern U.S., their behavior, migration, habitat selection and popu-
lations dynamics. Studies will stress experimental techniques used in the
field, including banding, recording and playback methods, territorial
mapping and population analysis. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11. May term
only.

38 CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

A rigorous introduction to clinical microbiology with emphasis given to
rapid identification of human bacterial pathogens. Laboratory to include
such diagnostic procedures as antibiotic sensitivity testing, serological
diagnosis, anaerobic culture techniques and hemolytic reactions. Field
trips will be taken to several clinical labs. Prerequisites: Biology 10-11,
Biology 2 1 . May term only.

41 VERTEBRATE EMBRYOLOGY

A study of the development of vertebrates from fertilization to the fully
formed fetus. Particular attention is given to the chick and human as
representative organisms. Tzco three-hour lecture/laboratory periods per week.
Prerequisite: Biology 10-11. Alternate years.

42 ANIMAL BEHAVIOR

A study of the causation, function, evolution and biological significance
of animal behaviors in their normal environment and social contexts.
Three hours of lecture and one four-hour laboratory each week. Prerequisite:
Biology 10-11. Alternate years.

44 BIOCHEMISTRY

Emphasis is given to the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino

58

acids, proteins and nucleic acids; integration of metabolism; and
biochemical control mechanisms including allosteric control, induction,
repression, as well as the various types of inhibitive control mechanisms.
Three hours of lecture, one three-hour laboratory/ and one hour of arranged work
per week. Prerequisite: Chemistry 20-21 or Chemistry 5, or consent of instructor.
Cross-listed as Chemistry 44. Alternate years.

46 PLANT ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

A study of plant physiology as a function of plant anatomy. Metabolic
relationships and environmental factors will be examined from a back-
ground of the structure and development of cells, tissues, organs and
whole plants. Three hours of lecture and one three-hour laboratory per week.
Prerequisites: Biology 10-11, Biology 25. Alternate years.

47 IMMUNOLOGY

The course introduces concepts concerning how pathogens cause disease
and host defense mechanisms against infectious diseases. Character-
ization of and relationships between antigens, haptens and antibodies are
presented. Serological assays will include: agglutination precipitations,
immunofluorescence, immunoelectrophoresis and complement fixation.
Other topics are: immediate and delayed hypersensitivities (i.e. allergies
such as hay fever and poison ivy), immunological renal diseases, im-
munohematology (blood groups, etc.), the chemistry and function of
complement autoimmunity and organ graft rejection phenomena. Three
hours of lecture, one three-hour laboratory and one hour of arranged icork per
week. Prerequisite: Biology 10-11. Alternate years.

48 ENDOCRINOLOGY

This course begins with a survey of the role of the endocrine hormones
in the integration of body functions. This is followed by a study of the
control of hormone synthesis and release, and a consideration of the
mechanisms by which hormones accomplish their effects on target or-
gans. Two three-hour lecturellaboratory periods per week. Prerequisite: Biology
10-11. Alternate years.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Recent samples of internships in the department include ones with the
Department of Environmental Resources, nuclear medicine or re-
habilitative therapies at the local hospital.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Departmental studies are experimentally oriented and may entail either lab
or field work.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

Examples of recent honors projects have involved stream analysis, gypsy
moth research, drug synthesis and testing.

59

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Professor: Hollenback

Assistant Professor: E. King, Shareef, Weaver (Chairman)

Lecturer: Larrabee

The major is designed to train students in analytical thinking and verbal and oral
communication, in addition to educating them in the principal disciplines of
business. To accomplish this, 10 courses are required: Business 10-11, 23, 28-29,
38-39, 40 and 41 and Mathematics 13. Business 32, 43 or 44 may be substituted
for Business 29, and Business 33 may be substituted for Business 39. Accounting
10 may be substituted for Business 10 if a student's major changes. Majors also
are urged to enroll in Economics 10, 11; Business 35 and 36; Mathematics 12 and
Computer Science 15, and are encouraged to take a foreign language. The
additional elective offerings are intended to add depth in the areas of finance,
marketing and management.

10-11 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING

The business firm is a decision-making institution adapting to a constantly
changing environment. Future administrators and managers are introduced
to their stewardship responsibilities by use of accounting and statistical
techniques as tools in planning and controlling the organization.

23 QUANTITATIVE BUSINESS ANALYSIS

Techniques of quantitative analysis useful in business management. Topics
include: sampling, hypothesis testing, index numbers, analysis of time
series, linear programming and decision theory. Prerequisite: Math 13 or
consent of instructor.

28-29 MARKETING MANAGEMENT

Planning, organization and control of the distribution activities of the firm,
and an analysis and evaluation of the marketing system, its institutions and
processes. Application of marketing principles and the development of
strategies for specific marketing problems. Product, channel flow, promo-
tion and pricing strategies explored. Readings, cases and games.

32 ADVERTISING

Nature, scope, methods and effects of promotion. Techniques of analysis
and control in the use of advertising and publicity as tools in developing
business strategy.

33 INVESTMENTS

Analysis of the leading types of investments available to the individul and
the firm. Use of forecasting methods, financial reports and financial
indicators. Methods of buying and selling securities with a discussion of the
agencies involved, including brokerage houses and stock exchanges.

34 INSURANCE

Analysis of the major insurance methods of overcoming risk, including life,
accident, health, marine and social insurance. Fidelity and surety bonds.
Commercial and government plans.

60

35 LEGAL PRINCIPLES I

Lectures and analysis of cases on the nature, sources and fundamentals of
the law in general, and particularly as relating to contracts, agency and
negotiable instruments. Open only to juniors and seniors.

36 LEGAL PRINCIPLES II

Lectures on the fundamentals and history of the law relating to legal
association, real property, wills and estates. Open only to juniors and seniors.

38-39 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Planning, organization and control of the financial aspects of the firm.
Development of financial principles and application to specific situations.
Sources and uses of funds, costs of funds, profit determination, expansion,
reorganization and liquidation. Prerequisite: Business 11 or Accounting 20 and
Business 23.

40 MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS

Structural characteristics and functional relationships of a business or-
ganization as well as the problems encountered in coordinating the internal
resources of a firm. Emphasis on administrative efficiency and procedures.

41 BUSINESS POLICIES

Planning, organization and control of business operations; setting of goals;
coordination of resources, development of policies. Analysis of strategic
decisions encompassing all areas of a business, and the use and analysis of
control measures. Emphasis on both the internal relationship of various
'elements of production, finance, marketing and personnel, and the rela-
tionship of the business entity to external stimuli. Readings, cases and
games. Prerequisites: Business 23, 28-29, 38-39 and 40 or consent of instructor.
Seniors only.

42 PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

An introduction to the managerial problems of recruiting, selecting, training
and retraining the human resources of the firm. Emphasis is placed on the
interrelationship of personnel policies with management objectives and
philosophies in such areas as fringe benefits, wage and salary policies,
union activities and health and safety.

43 RETAIL MANAGEMENT I

Planning, organization and control of the retailing firm. Competitive
strategy development through store location, layout, administrative or-
ganization, buying and pricing. Cases, reading and papers. Alternate years.

44 RETAIL MANAGEMENT II

Inventory control, retail sales, promotion and financial analysis of the
enterprise. Survey of current issues and government, social and economic
forces of concern to the retailer. Retailing principles applied to specific
management situations through cases, games and reading. Prerequisite:
Business 43 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

61

46 PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT

An introduction to the production function in industry. Topics include:
product design, plant location and layout, operational analysis, per-
formance standards, line balance theory, inventory control and the impact
of automation through technological change. Alternate years.

47 CREATIVE ADVERTISING

A workshop concerned with theme, copy and effective presentation of
advertisements for print media, radio and direct mail. Primarily an explora-
tion of creativity through analysis of works of artists and writers with
application to practical advertising, and tailored to the interests of individ-
ual students. May term.

48 SALES SEMINAR

The role of selling in the economy. The art of creative selling; application of
theories from the behavioral sciences to selling through the analysis of sales
situations and techniques. Alternate years.

49 MANAGING THE SMALL BUSINESS

How the potential businessman proceeds in establishing, operating and
profiting from a small business operation. Considered and analyzed are
such aspects as marketing, managing, financing, promoting, insuring,
establishing, developing and staffing the small retail, wholesale service and
manufacturing firm. May term.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Typical examples are marketing analysis for a paper products firm, planning
a branch store, hotel and real estate management, banking and insurance.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Examples of recent studies are: the economic impact of a college on a
community; a marketing strategy for a local firm entering the consumer
market.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

A recent project was a study of the evolution of anti-trust legislation in the
United States.

62

CHEMISTRY

Professor: Hummer (Chairman), Radspinner
Associate Professor: Franz
Part-Time Instructor: Baggett

A major in chemistry consists of Chemistry 10-11, 20-21, 30-31, 32 and 33;
Astronomy/Physics 25-56; Mathematics 18, 19 and one of the following courses:
Mathematics 13, 20, 21, 32 or Computer Science 15. Mathematics 20 and 21 and
French or German are strongly recommended for students planning on graduate
study in chemistry. To be certified in secondary education, chemistry majors
must also pass two biology courses numbered 10 or higher.

10 GENERAL CHEMISTRY I

An introduction to the concepts and models of chemistry which are
necessary for an understanding of the fabric and dynamics of the material
world. These principles include stoichiometry, atomic and molecular struc-
ture and properties, the states of matter, solutions, kinetics, equilibrium
and nomenclature. A study of the chemistry of representative elements and
their compounds is made through the application of fundamental prin-
ciples. The laboratory work introduces the student to methods of separa-
tion, purification and identification of compounds according to their physi-
cal properties. Three hours lecture, one hour discussion and one three-hour
laboratory period each week. Prerequisite: placement in Chemistry 10 is determined
in part by a student's score on the mathematics examination taken by all incoming
freshmen during orientation.

63

11 GENERAL CHEMISTRY II

Continuation of Chemistry 10 with emphasis on the foundations of
analytical, inorganic and physical chemistry. The principal unifying con-
cepts of chemical systems are examined in both Chemistry 10 and 11. The
laboratory treats aspects of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Three hours
lecture, one hour discussion and one three-hour laboratory period each week.
Prerequisite: Chemistry 10.

15 BRIEF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

This course is designed for those non-chemistry majors who elect a single
semester course only in organic chemistry. The material will illustrate
principles and concepts of organic chemistry supported by that descriptive
material which would find application for students of medical technology,
biology, nursing, forestry, education and the humanities. Topics included
are bonding and structure, alcanes, arenes and their functional derivatives,
amino acids and proteins, carbohydrates and other naturally occurring
compounds. Three hours of lecture and one four-hour laboratory period each week.
Prerequisite: Chemistry 10. Not open for credit to students who have received credit
for Chemistry 20.

20-21 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

A systematic study of the compounds of carbon, including both aliphatic
and aromatic series. The laboratory work introduces the student to simple
fundamental methods of organic synthesis, isolation and analysis. Three
hours lecture and one four-hour laboratory period each week. Prerequisite:
Chemistry 11.

26 CLINICAL ANALYSIS

A presentation of selected wet-chemical and instrumental methods of
quantitative analysis with an orientation toward clinical applications in
medical technology. Topics include: general methods and calculations;
solutions; titrations; photometric analyses (colorimetric, atomic absorption,
flame emission); electrochemical methods (ion-selective electrodes,
coulometry), automation. Lecture, recitation and laboratory daily. Prerequisite:
Chemistry 10-11 or consent of instructor. May not be taken for credit folloiving
Chemistry 32. May term only.

30-31 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

A study of the fundamental principles of theoretical chemistry and their
applications. The laboratory work includes techniques in physiochemical
measurements. Three hours lecture and one four-hour laboratory period each
week. Prerequisite: Chemistry 11, Mathematics 19 and one year of physics or
consent of instructor.

32 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

A study of the fundamental methods of gravimetric, volumetric and
elementary instrumental analysis together with practice in laboratory tech-
niques and calculations of these methods. Two hours lecture and two three-
hour laboratory periods each week. Prerequisite: Chemistry 11 or consent of
instructor.

64

33 ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

A study of modern theories of atomic and molecular structure and their
relationship to the chemistry of selected elements and their compounds.
Three hours lecture and one four-hour laboratory period each week. Prerequisite:
Chemistry 30, Mathematics 19 and one year of physics or consent of instructor.

39 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM MECHANICS

After presenting the origin, basic concepts and formulation of quantum
mechanics with emphasis on its physical meaning, the free particle, simple
harmonic oscillator and central force problems will be investigated. Both
time-independent and time-dependent perturbation theory will be covered.
The elegant operator formalism of quantum mechanics will conclude the
course. Four hours of lecture and recitation. Prerequisites: Mathematics 21, either
Chemistry 31 or Astronomy and Physics 26, and consent of instructor. Cross-listed
as Astronomy and Physics 48.

40 ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Selected topics, which may include mechanisms of organic reactions,
synthesis, detailed structure and chemistry of natural products,
polynuclear hydrocarbons and aromatic heterocyclics. Three hours lecture.
Prerequisite: Ch&nistry 21.

41 QUALITATIVE ORGANIC ANALYSIS

Theory and application of the systematic identification of pure organic
compounds and mixtures. Two hours lecture and two three-hour laboratory
periods each week. Prerequisite: Chemistry 21.

43 ADVANCED ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

A study of advanced analytical methods with emphasis on chromato-
graphic, electrochemical and spectroscopic methods of instrumental
analysis. Three hours lecture and one four-hour laboratory period each week.
Prerequisite: Chemistry 31 and 32 or consent of instructor.

44 BIOCHEMISTRY

Emphasis is given to the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids,
proteins and nucleic acids; integration of metabolism; and biochemical
control mechanisms, including allosteric control, induction, repression, as
well as the various types of inhibitive control mechanisms. Prerequisite:
Chemistry 21 or 15 or consent of instructor. Cross-listed as Biology 44.

45 SPECTROSCOPY AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Theory and practice of molecular structure determination by spectroscopic
methods. Three hours lecture. Pre- or co-requisites: Chemistry 31, 33 or consent
of instructor.

48 CHEMISTRY COLLOQUIUM

A seminar in which faculty, students and invited professional chemists
discuss their own research activities or those of others which have appeared

65

in the recent chemical literature. Prerequisite: Three semesters of non-credit
Chemistry Colloquium taken during the junior and senior years.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

The student will ordinarily work under supervision in an industrial labora-
tory and submit a written report on his project.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

The student will ordinarily work on a laboratory research project and will
write a thesis on his work.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

The student will ordinarily work on a laboratory research project with
emphasis being on the student's showing initiative and making a scholarly
contribution. A thesis will be written.

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CRIMINAL JUSTICE

Assistant Professor: Strauser (Coordinator)

This major is designed to acquaint students with the American criminal justice
system and to provide an understanding of the social, psychological,
philosophical and political contexts within which the system of criminal justice
functions. Its aim is to develop students' intellectual and scientific skills in
raising and attempting to answer important questions about the system of
justice and its place in society. The program offers opportunity for intern
experience in the field, and prepares for careers in the areas of law enforcement,
probation and parole, prisons and treatment services.

The major has two tracks. Track I prepares for careers in law enforcement.
Track II prepares for careers in corrections.

Track I — Law Enforcement. The major consists of 10 courses, distributed as
follows:

A. Professional courses in criminal justice (three courses)

Introduction to the Criminal Justice System (Sociology and Anthropology 15)
Introduction to Law Enforcement (Sociology and Anthropology 23)
The American Prison System (Sociology and Anthropology 39)

B. Courses in the social, psychological, philosophical and political context of
the justice system (seven courses)

Criminology (Sociology and Anthropology 30) and either Juvenile Delin-
quency (Sociology and Anthropology 21) or Racial and Cultural Minorities
(Sociology and Anthropology 34) (two courses)
Abnormal Psychology (Psychology 16) (one course)

America as a Civilization (American Studies 10). Afro-American History
(History 28) or United States Social and Intellectual History Since 1877
(History 43) (one course)

Law and Society (Political Science 35) and Civil Rights and Liberties
(Political Science 31) (two courses)
Philosophical Issues in Criminal Justice (Philosophy 18) (one course)

C. Internship or practicum in law enforcement. (Recommended but not
required for the major)

Track II — Corrections. The major consists of 10 courses, distributed as
follows:

A. Professional courses in criminal justice (three courses)

Introduction to the Criminal Justice System (Sociology and Anthropology 15)
The American Prison System (Sociology and Anthropology 39)
Introduction to Social Work (Sociology and Anthropology 42)

B. Courses in the social, psychological, philosophical and political context of
the justice system (seven courses)

Criminology (Sociology and Anthropology 30) and either Juvenile Delin-
quency (Sociology and Anthropology 21) or Racial and Cultural Minorities
(Sociology and Anthropology 34) (two courses)
Abnormal Psychology (Psychology 16) (one course)

America as a Civilization (American Studies 10). Afro-American History
(History 28) or United States Social and Intellectual History Since 1877

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(History 43) (one course)

Law and Society (Political Science 35) and Civil Rights and Liberties (Political
Science 31) (two courses)

Philosophical Issues in Criminal Justice (Philosophy 18) (one course)

C. Internship or practicum in corrections. (Recommended but not required for
the major) Prerequisites: Mathematics 13, Psychology 21 and Psychology 39. These
prerequisites may be waived in certain cases by the coordinating committee.

Majors should seek advice concerning course selection from members of the
coordinating committee and should note course prerequisites in planning their
programs.

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ECONOMICS

Professor: Opdahl, Rabold (Chairman)

The major has two tracks. Track I is designed for the student whose primary
interest lies in business management; Track II is designed for students with an
interest in graduate work, teaching, government or non-business careers, and
for those with less well defined interests.

Track I — Managerial Economics requires: Economics 10, 11, 32 and 41;

Business 10-11 or Accounting 10 and 20; Business 38 and 39, plus two electives
from Economics 20, 31, 35, 37, 43 and Business 40.

Track II — Political Economy requires: Economics 10, 11, 30, 31, 40 and five
electives of which three must be in economics and two in political science, all
selected with the advice and consent of the student's advisor or department
chairman.

In addition, the following courses are recommended: all majors — Math 13
and Business 23; majors planning graduate work — Math 12-18; Track II majors
— Business 10-11.

2 CONSUMER ECONOMICS

A course in "family" or "practical" economics, designed to teach students
how they and their families can be intelligent consumers: that is, how they
can spend, save and borrow so as to maximize the value they receive for the
income they have. Treats subjects such as intelligent shopping; the uses and
abuses of credit; investing savings; buying insurance, automobiles and
houses; medical care costs; estates and wills, etc. Alternate years.

10 • PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY I

Macroeconomics. Deals with problems of the economic system as a whole.
What influences the level of national income and employment? What is
inflation and why do we have it? What is the role of government in a
modern capitalistic system? How does business organize to produce the
goods and services we demand? How are the American financial and
banking systems organized? What is the nature of American unionism?
What are the elements of government finance and fiscal policy?

11 PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY II

This course focuses upon microeconomics and selected current economic
problems. It deals with the relatively small units of the economy such as the
firm and the family. Analyzes demand and supply. Discusses how business
firms decide what and how much to produce and how goods and services
are priced in different types of markets. Also considers such problems as
economic growth, international trade, poverty, discrimination, ecology and
alternative economic systems.

20 MONEY AND BANKING

Covers business fluctuations and monetary and fiscal policy; the financial
organization of society; the banking system; credit institutions; capital
markets and international financial relations. Prerequisite: Economics 10 and
11. Alternate years.

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22 ECONOMIC SYSTEMS OF THE WEST: Capitalism and Socialism

A comparative analysis of the underlying ideologies, the basic institutions
and the performance of selected economic systems extant in the West.

Alternate years.

23 SOVIET-TYPE ECONOMIES

An analysis of the ideologies, institutions and performance of Soviet-type
economies, with emphasis upon Marxian theory and the economy of the
U.S.S.R.; comparison of selected Eastern European and Chinese ap-
proaches to communism. Alternate years.

24 URBAN PROBLEMS

The application of economic theory to the study of significant social,
political and economic problems associated with urbanization, including
poverty, employment, education, crime, health, housing, land use and the
environment, transportation and public finance. Analysis of solutions
offered. Alternate years.

25 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

A study of the relationship between environmental decay and economic
growth, with particular reference to failures of the price and property rights
systems; application of cost/benefit analysis, measures aimed at the creation
of an ecologically viable economy. Alternate years.

30 INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMICS

An advanced analysis of contemporary theory regarding consumer de-
mand, production costs and theory, profit maximization, market structures
and the determinants of returns to the factors of production. Prerequisite:
Economics 10 and 11.

31 INTERMEDIATE MACROECONOMICS

An advanced analysis of contemporary theory and practice with regard to
business fluctuations, national income accounting, the determination of
income and employment levels and the use of monetary and fiscal policy.
Prerequisite: Economics 10 and 11.

32 GOVERNMENT AND THE ECONOMY

An analytical survey of government's efforts to maintain competition
through antitrust legislation; to supervise acceptable cases of private
monopoly through public utility regulation and via means of regulatory
commissions, and to encourage or restrain various types of private econom-
ic activities. Alternate years. Prerequisite: Economics 10 and 11 or consent of
instructor.

35 LABOR PROBLEMS

The history of organized labor in the United States, including the structure
of unions; employers' opposition to unions; the role of government in labor-
management relations, the economic impact of unions. Alternate years.

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37 PUBLIC FINANCE

An analysis of the fiscal economics of the public sector, including the
development, concepts and theories of public expenditures, taxation and
debt at all levels of American government. Includes also the use of fiscal
policy as an economic control device. Prerequisite: Economics 10 and 11 or
consent of instructor.

40 HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT

A discussion of the origins, development and significance of the economic
ideas embodied in the works of Smith, Marx, Schumpeter, Keynes and
others. Prerequisite: Economics 10 and 11 or consent of instructor.

41 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

The application of economic theory and methodology to the solution of
business problems. Subjects include: optimizing techniques, risk analysis,
demand theory, production theory, cost theory, linear programming,
capital budgeting, market structures and the theory of pricing. Prerequisite:
Economics 10 and 11.

43 INTERNATIONAL TRADE

A study of the principles, theories, development and policies concerning
international economic relations, with particular reference to the United
States. Subjects covered include: U.S. commercial policy and its develop-
ment; international trade theory; tariffs and other protectionist devices;
international monetary system and its problems, balance of payments
issues. Alternate years. Prerequisite: Economics 10 and 11.

45 DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERDEVELOPED NATIONS

A study of the theories and problems of capital accumulation, allocation of
resources, technological development, growth, planning techniques and
institutions and international relations encountered by the developing
nations. Alternate years.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Typically off campus in business, banking or government, supervised by
assigned employee of sponsoring organization.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Superior students may select independent study in various courses, particu-
larly in preparation for graduate school.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

71

EDUCATION

Associate Professor: Keesbury (Chairman)
Assistant Professor: Conrad, Studier

Lycoming believes that the liberal arts provide the best preparation for future
teachers, thus all education students complete a liberal arts major in addition to
the certification requirements. Students can be certified in elementary education
or one or more of the following secondary areas: biology, chemistry, English,
French, general science (with biology and astronomy/physics tracks), German,
mathematics, physics, social studies and Spanish. All teacher education pro-
grams are approved by the Pennsylvania Department of Education and Pennsyl-
vania certificates are recognized in most other states either through reciprocal
agreements or by transcript evaluation.

Education 20 and Psychology 38 are prerequisites to all other offerings in the
Department of Education. Education 20 should be taken at least two
semesters before the professional semester.

Students seeking elementary certification must complete Mathematics 7,
Physical Education A (Elementary Games), Education 40, 41, 42 and 43 as
prerequisites to the professional semester (Education 45, 47 and 48).

Students interested in the teacher education program should consult with a
member of the department no later than the first semester of the sophomore
year. Application for the professional semester must be made before October 1
of the junior year. The Department of Education will admit to the professional
semester those applicants who have a minimum cumulative grade point average
of 2.00; are in good academic standing; have satisfactorily completed the junior
year participation requirements (secondary students only); have paid the
student teaching fee, and have received a positive recommendation. The
recommendation will be based upon: (a) recommendations from each student's
major department; (b) recommendations from two additional faculty outside the
Department of Education; (c) a screening interview conducted by the depart-
ment, and (d) a writing sample from each student applicant. Major departments
have different criteria for their recommendations. Therefore, students should
consult with the chairman of their major department about those requirements
as soon as they begin to study for certification.

20 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF EDUCATION

A study of teaching as a profession with emphasis on the economic, social,
political and religious conditions which influence American schools and
teachers. Consideration is given to the school environment, the curriculum
and the children with the intention that the students will examine more
rationally their own motives for entering the profession. Not open to
freshmen.

32 INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA AND COMMUNICATIONS

A study of the value, design, construction and application of the visual and
auditory aids to learning. Practical experience in the handling of audio-
visual equipment and materials is provided. Application of audio-visual
techniques. Application of the visual and auditory aids to learning. Stu-
dents will plan and carry out actual teaching assignments utilizing various
A-;V devices.

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39 PUBLIC SCHOOL CURRICULUM

An examination of the various curricula of the public schools and their
relationships to current practices. Special attention will be given to the
meaning and nature of the curriculum; the desirable outcomes of the
curriculum; conflicting and variant conceptions of curricular content;
modern techniques of curricular construction; criteria for the evaluation of
curricula, the curriculum as a teaching instrument. Emphasis will be placed
upon the curriculum work within the teaching field of each individual.

40 TEACHING LANGUAGE ARTS AND CHILDREN'S LITERATURE IN
THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

A course designed to consider the principal means of communication,
oral and written, including both practical and creative uses. Attention
will be given to listening, speaking, written expression, linguistics and
grammar, spelling and handwriting. Stress will be placed upon the inter-
relatedness of the language arts. Children's literature will be explored as
a vehicle for developing creative characteristics in children and for ensur-
ing an appreciation of the creative writing of others. Observation and
participation in Greater Williamsport elementary schools. Prerequisites:
Education 20 and Psychology 38 or consent of the instructor.

41 TEACHING THE SOCIAL STUDIES IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Studies and experiences to develop a basic understanding of the struc-
ture, concepts and processes of anthropology, economics, geography,
history, political science and sociology as they relate to the elementary
school social science curriculum. Practical applications, demonstrations of
methods and the development of integrated teaching units using tests,
reference books, films and other teaching materials. Observation and
participation in Greater Williamsport elementary schools. Prerequisites:
Education 20 and Psychology 38 or consent of the instructor.

42 TEACHING SCIENCE IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Science methods and materials interpreting children's science experiences
and guiding the development of their scientific concepts. A study of the
science content of the curriculum, its material and use. Observation and
participation in Greater Williamsport elementary schools. Prerequisites:
Education 20 and Psychology 38 or consent of the instructor.

43 TEACHING READING IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

A basic course in the philosophy and rationale for and the implementa-
tion of an elementary developmental reading program from kindergarten
through sixth grade. Emphasis is upon designing a reading instructional
program which reflects the nature of the learning process and recognizes
principles of child development through examination of the principles,
problems, methods and materials used in elementary reading programs.
Observation and participation in Greater Williamsport elementary
schools. Prerequisites: Psychology 38, Education 20, 40, 41 and 42 or consent of
the instructor.

73

45 METHODS OF TEACHING IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
(PART OF THE PROFESSIONAL SEMESTER)

The course emphasizes the relationship between the theoretical studies of
physical, social and cognitive development and the elementary classroom
environment. Particular consideration will be given to the appropriate age
and developmental level of the students with an emphasis upon the
selection and utilization of methods in all the elementary subject areas,
including art and music. Specific attention will be given to the develop-
ment of strategies for structuring lesson plans; for maintaining classroom
control, and for overall classroom management. Direct application will be
made to the individual student teaching experience. Prerequisites: Math 7,
Education 40, 41, 42 and 43 or consent of the instructor.

46 METHODS OF TEACHING IN THE SECONDARY SCHOOL
(PART OF THE PROFESSIONAL SEMESTER)

A study of materials, methods and techniques of teaching with emphasis
on the student's major. Stress is placed on the selection and utilization of
visual and auditory aids to learning. Students will teach demonstration
lessons in the presence of the instructor and the members of the class
and will observe superior teachers in Greater Williamsport secondary
schools. Prerequisites: Education 20, Psychology 38 and the participation ex-
perience.

47 PROBLEMS IN CONTEMPORARY AMERICAN EDUCATION
(PART OF THE PROFESSIONAL SEMESTER)

Seminar in the issues, problems and challenges encountered by teachers
in the American public schools, especially those related to the student
teaching experience.

48 PRACTICE TEACHING IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
(PART OF THE PROFESSIONAL SEMESTER)

Two units. Exceeds state mandated minimum requirements. Professional
laboratory experience under the supervision of a selected cooperating
teacher in a public elementary school in Greater Williamsport. Organized
learning experiences. Actual classroom experience. *

48 PRACTICE TEACHING IN THE SECONDARY SCHOOL
(PART OF THE PROFESSIONAL SEMESTER)

Two units. Exceeds state mandated minimum requirements. Professional
laboratory experience under the supervision of a selected cooperating
teacher in a public secondary school in Greater Williamsport. Organized
learning experience. Emphasis on actual classroom experience, responsi-
bility in the guidance program and out-of-class activities. *

'Practice teachers are required to follow the calendar of the school district to which they are
assigned.

74

ENGLISH

Professor: Van Marter

Associate Professor: Ford, Jensen (Chairman), Madden, Rife

Assistant Professor: F. Wild

Visiting Lecturer: Blair

A major consists of nine courses not including English 1 or English 2. These nine
courses must include English 14, 15, 16, 17 and one writing course from the
following: English 18, 22, 23, 24, 35 and 36.

The four electives may include any course from English 12 and above not
already taken to satisfy the preceding requirements. With the consent of the
Department of English, an appropriate course from the offerings of other
departments may be substituted for an English elective.

Majors seeking secondary certification in English are required to take
English 38 and to complete successfully in the junior or senior year an
experience in the teaching of English composition.

The Department of English is one of six cooperating in the interdisciplinary
program in Mass Communications, and would be an appropriate department for
the four-course specialization required for the Mass Communications major.
The department also participates with seven others in the American Studies
interdisciplinary major, in which American literature courses constitute an
important part of the American arts concentration area.

1 WORKSHOP IN DEVELOPMENTAL WRITING

Classroom and laboratory instruction in organizing and writing the detailed
paragraph and illustrative expository theme, with major emphasis on
spelling, grammar and sentence structure. Writing assignments and
classroom exercises designed to ensure mastery of the student's special
problems in basic writing.

75

One-half unit and grade of "S" will be assigned when the student has
successfully completed all of the work in the course. Required of, and only
open to, those who have not been exempted from English 1.

2 COMPOSITION

Extensive practice [neither report and evaluative writing or in analytical and
argumentative writing. This may be accomplished by taking one of the
following sequences:

Reading and Writing about Technology and Human Life — Extensive practice
in report and evaluative writing. Readings dealing with problems and
issues in business, in the natural and physical sciences and in related
professions.

Reading and Writing about Humanities and Human Life — Extensive practice
in analytic and argumentative writing. Readings dealing with problems and
issues in the liberal arts, in law and the social sciences and in the non-
scientific helping professions.

12 INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE

An introduction to the study of literature, designed primarily for freshmen.
Lectures and discussions focusing on the major literary genres.

14 BRITISH LITERATURE I

Literary forms, themes and authors from the Anglo-Saxon through the
Neo-Classical periods. Such writers as Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare,
Milton, Swift, Pope and Johnson; representative works from Beowulf to
Sheridan's The Rivals.

15 BRITISH LITERATURE II

Literary movements and authors from the Romantic Period to the present.
Particular emphasis on such writers as Blake, Wordsworth, Shelley, Mill,
Tennyson, Browning, Rossetti, Arnold, Hardy, Yeats, Eliot.

16 19TH CENTURY AMERICAN LITERATURE

Brief survey of American literature and thought before 1800, followed by
more intensive study of the literature and thought of the period 1800-1900.
Bryant, Cooper, Emerson, Thoreau, Poe, Hawthorne, Melville, Whitman,
Dickinson, Twain, Howells and others.

17 20TH CENTURY AMERICAN LITERATURE

Major writers, movements and tendencies in American literature during the
present century. Such forces as naturalism, realism and modernism; and
such writers as James, Dreiser, Hemingway, Faulkner, Frost, Eliot and
Stevens.

18 ADVANCED COMPOSITION

Practical training in the writing of more extended essays of the kinds written
in English 2, and other kinds of expository and argumentative prose,
including forms such as: essays of opinion and personal essays; critical
commentaries and reviews; synopses, reports and research papers.

76

20 THE NATURE OF FICTION

Study of either the novel or the short story. Novel: representative novels
from the 18th Century to the present with emphasis on the development of
the genre. Short story: emphasis on points of view of the authors studies.

21 THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRAMA

Discussion of typical plays of the Western World emphasizing conventions
of form and performance. Varying focus and content ranging from classical
to modern playwrights and periods.

22 CRITICAL WRITING

Introduction to the various ways of thinking and writing about literature
and film, designed for people who wish to improve their understanding
and enjoyment of the books and poems they read and the plays and films
they see.

23 NEWS WRITING FOR THE PRINT MEDIA

Analysis and practice of the basic forms of news reporting and feature
writing. The elements of news, the lead, style and structure and types of
stories. Students who have taken English 24 may take only writing
workshop sessions of this course for V2 unit.

24 NEWS WRITING FOR RADIO AND TV

Offered in conjunction with English 23. Separate workshop sessions to
analyze and practice the basic forms of news reporting as they apply to
radio and TV. Students who have taken English 23 may take only workshop
sessions of this course for V2 unit. Alternate years.

30 SHAKESPEARE

Study of representative plays drawn from the four sub-genres of
Shakespeare's dramas: comedy, history, tragedy and romance. Some
attention to Shakespeare's life and times, but primary focus on the work
itself.

31 MODERN FICTION

Study of the techniques, development and major tendencies of modern
fiction from the last quarter of the 19th Century to the 1950's. Primary
attention to representative works of such major writers as James, Conrad,
Joyce, Lawrence, Hemingway and Faulkner.

32 MODERN POETRY

Introduction to the themes and structures of 20th Century poetry. Begin-
ning with Pound, Eliot and Yeats, and moving through the century to the
most recent accomplishments of contemporary poets. Alternate years.

33 WOMEN AND LITERATURE

Study of women writers alternating with study of the image of women in
literature written by men and women. Possible focuses: major women

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writers of 19th and 20th Century British and American literature; contem-
porary women writers, traditional images of women in literature. Alternate
years.

34 FILM AND LITERATURE

Analysis of the techniques of two different forms of communication —
cinema and novel or play — by comparing the same story in both mediums.
Attention to both "classic" and modern films and literature. Alternate years.

35 FICTION WRITING

Beginning course in the writing of short fiction. Some study of the sources
and techniques of modern and contemporary writers, but chief focus on
student writing. Alternate years.

36 POETRY WRITING

A first course in poetry writing. Attention to the "closed" and "open"
formal traditions of current poetry. In-class emphasis on student writing.

Alternate years.

37 PUBLIC RELATIONS AND PUBLICITY WRITING

Communication and publicity techniques in the field of public relations
focused on writing for the media; some attention to speeches, letters and
house organs. Prerequisite: English 23 or English 24 or consent of instructor.
Alternate years.

38 STRUCTURE AND HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Study of the historical origins of the language and a modern language
theory. Alternate years.

40 THE HERO IN MEDIEVAL LITERATURE

Study of the literature of the period as it reveals a transition from the
concept of the epic hero to that of the chivalric hero, with the attendant
shifts in literary forms, in codes for heroic behavior and in philosophic
world view. Prerequisite: English 14 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

41 ROMANCE AND EPIC IN THE RENAISSANCE

Study of major writers from Malory to Milton. Emphasis on such works as
Le Morte D' Arthur, Don Quixote, The Faerie Queene and Paradise Lost, with
other selected prose and dramatic works. Prerequisite: English 14 or consent of
instructor. Alternate years.

42 POETRY OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

Study of the literary, philosophical and historical significance of the
Romantic Movement. Emphasis on the poetry of Blake, Wordsworth,
Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats. Prerequisite: English 14 or consent of
instructor. Alternate years.

78

43 DICKENS AND THE VICTORIAN NOVEL

Comparison and contrast of four or five of Dickens' novels with other
novels from the 1830's through the 1870's by such authors as Thackeray, the
Brontes, Meredith, Trollope and Hardy. Alternate years.

44 THE IRISH RENAISSANCE

Analysis of the sudden flowering of Irish literature in the early years of the
20th Century as witnessed in the works of Yeats, Joyce, Synge, O'Casey
and others. Prerequisite: English 15 or 17 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

45 AMERICAN DRAMA FROM O'NEILL TO MILLER

Study of the development of the first significant American drama in the
decades following World War I, especially the experimental drama of the
1920's and the social drama of the 1930's. O'Neill, Anderson, Rice,
Behrman, Saroyan, Wilder, Odets, Hellman and others. Prerequisite: English
17 or 21 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

46 THE AMERICAN RENAISSANCE

Concentrated study of the American poets and novelists who revolu-
tionized literary form and idea at the middle of the 19th Century. One or
two writers from each of the following two groups: Emerson, Thoreau and
Whitman; Poe, Hawthorne and Melville. Prerequisite: English 16 or consent of
instructor. Alternate years.

47 AMERICAN NOVELISTS AND POETS OF THE JAZZ AGE AND
DEPRESSION

Concentrated study of two or three major writers in the social context of
this period in modern American literature. Such combinations as
Hemingway/Fitzgerald/Eliot and Faulkner/Frost are likely. Prerequisite: Eng-
lish 17 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

48 CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE

Consideration of representative British, American and some continental
works, primarily fiction, written after World War II by such writers as
Barth, Bellow, Updike, Burgess, Murdoch, Fowles and Nabokov. Alter-
nate years.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Interns typically work off campus in a profession related to their career
interest such as law, public relations, journalism and others.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Recent studies include Chaucer, D. H. Lawrence, The Creative Process in
Literature and Art, the Arthurian Legend and Existentialism in Literature.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

Recent projects were Communication Models and the Feedback Principle,
and Images of Women in the 1890's.

79

FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES

Associate Professor: Flam, Maples, MacKenzie (Chairman)
Part-time Instructor: Wentzler

Study of foreign languages and literatures offers opportunity to explore broadly
the varieties of human experience and thought. It contributes both to personal
and to international understanding by providing competence in a foreign
language and a critical acquaintance with the literature and culture of foreign
peoples. A major can serve as entree to careers in business, industry, govern-
ment, publishing, education, journalism, social agencies, translating and writ-
ing. It prepares for graduate work in literature or linguistics and the interna-
tional fields of politics, commerce, law, health and area studies.

French, German and Spanish are offered as major fields of study. The major
consists of at least eight courses numbered 10 or above. Majors seeking teacher
certification and students planning to enter graduate school are advised to begin
study of a second foreign language. The department encourages the develop-
ment in breadth of programs, including allied courses from related fields or a
second major, and also individual or established interdisciplinary majors
combining interest in several literatures or area or cross-cultural studies. For
example: International Studies, 20th Century Studies, the Major in Literature.
Majors, teacher certification candidates and all college students are encouraged
to spend at least a semester of study abroad by applying to one of the many
programs available. The department maintains a file of such programs.

Courses taught in English: Foreign Languages and Literature 25, French 28
and Spanish 28.

FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES

25 CONTINENTAL LITERATURE

A study of such major continental authors as Cervantes, Dostoevsky,
Chekhov, Dante, Ibsen, Proust, Gide, Kafka, Hesse, Goethe, Sartre,
Camus, Brecht and Ionesco. Works read in English translation will vary and
be organized around a different theme or topic; recent topics have been
existentialism, modernism and drama. Prerequisite: None. May be repeated for
credit with consent of instructor. May be accepted toward the English major with
consent of the Department of English.

38 FOREIGN LANGUAGE: SYSTEMS AND PROCESS

Study of basic linguistic concepts as a tool for language learning and
teaching. Discussion and application of language teaching techniques,
including work in the language laboratory. Designed for future teachers of
one or more languages and normally taken in the junior year. Students
should arrange through the Department of Education to fulfill in the same
semester the requirements of a participation experience in area schools.
Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

FRENCH

A major consists of at least eight courses numbered 10 or above, including at
least one numbered 40 or above. Foreign Languages and Literatures 25 and 38
may be included in the major.

All majors who wish to be certified for teaching must pass cousrses 23, 31,
Foreign Languages and Literatures 38 and at least two courses numbered 40 or

80

above. A language proficiency test is required of these students during their
senior year.

1-2 ELEMENTARY

The aim of the course is to acquire the fundamentals of the language with
a view to using them. Regular practice in speaking, understanding and
reading.

10-11 INTERMEDIATE

Review and development of the fundamentals of the language for im-
mediate use in speaking, understanding and reading with a view to
building confidence in self-expression. Prerequisite: French 2 or equivalent.

20 CONVERSATION

Designed to develop conversational fluency and comprehension through
small group discussions focusing on topics from readings in modern French
culture, such as French social attitudes and French-American cultural
differences. Some attention to grammar and writing. Prerequisite: French 11
or equivalent.

23 INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY STUDIES

Studies in French literature, with emphasis on critical reading and in-
terpretation. Discussions, lectures, oral exposes, papers. Prerequisite: French
20 or equivalent.

i

28 'MODERN FRANCE

A course designed to familiarize students with political and social structures
and cultural attitudes in contemporary French society. Materials studied
may include such documents as newspaper articles, interviews and soci-
ological surveys, and readings in history, religion, anthropology and the
arts. Some attention to the changing education system and the family and
to events and ideas which have shaped French society. May include some
comparative study of France and the United States.

English Section: Not applicable toward satisfying the foreign language
distribution requirement. Prerequisite: none.

French Section: Offers readings, papers and interviews in French for
students with sufficient language skill. Can be applied toward the foreign
language distribution requirement. Prerequisite: French 10 or equivalent com-
petency as determined by the department.

31 FRENCH GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE

Study of phonetics and grammatical rules and their practical application in
speaking and writing. Recommended for all majors.

41 FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES AND THE RENAIS-
SANCE

A study of selected works from La Chanson de Roland to Montaigne.
Prerequisite: French 23 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

81

43 FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE 17TH CENTURY

A study of major texts of the period: preciosite, the origins and theories of
French classicism, Corneille, Pascal, Descartes. Classical tragedy and com-
edy: Racine, Moliere, LaFontaine, Mme. de La Fayette, La Bruyere. Prere-
quisite: French 23 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

45 FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE 18TH CENTURY

The literary expression of ideas: Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau and the
Encyclopedists. Prerequisite: French 23 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

47 FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE 19TH CENTURY

The dimensions of the Romantic sensibility: Musset, Hugo, Vigny, Balzac,
Stendhal. Realism and Naturalism in the novels of Flaubert and Zola.
Reaction in the poetry of Baudelaire, Rimbaud, Verlaine and Mallarme.

Prerequisite: French 23 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

48 MODERN FRENCH THEATRE

Major trends in French drama from the turn of the century to Existentialism
and the Theatre of the Absurd, Giraudoux, Anouilh, Sartre, Camus,
Beckett, Ionesco, Genet, Adamov and others. Prerequisite: French 23 or
consent of instructor. Alternate years.

49 FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Representative poets and novelists of modern France. Readings selected
from the works of authors such as Proust, Gide, Aragon, Giono, Mauriac,
Celine, Malraux, Saint-Exupery, Camus, the "new novelists" (Robbe-
Grillet, Butor, Sarraute, Le Clezio), and the poetry of Apollinaire, Valery,
the Surrealists (Breton, Reverdy, Eluard, Char), Saint-John Perse, Super-
vielle, Prevert and others. Some attention to works of French-speaking
African writers. Prerequisite: French 23 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Examples of recent studies in French include translation, existentialism, the
classical period, enlightenment literature and Saint-Exupery.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

82

GERMAN

A major consists of eight courses numbered 10 or above. Foreign Languages and
Literatures 38 and one unit of Foreign Languages and Literatures 25 may be
included in the major.

All majors who wish to be certified for teaching must pass courses 31, 33, 34
and Foreign Languages and Literatures 38. A language proficiency test is
required of these students during their senior year.

1-2 ELEMENTARY

Aim of course is to acquire the fundamentals of the language with a view to
using them. Regular practice in speaking, understanding and reading.

10-11 INTERMEDIATE

Review and development of fundamentals of the language for immediate
use in speaking, understanding and reading with a view to building
confidence in self-expression. Prerequisite: German 2 or equivalent.

20 CONVERSATION

Designed to develop aural comprehension and conversational fluency.
Readings and discussions on topics of contemporary society in Germany,
Switzerland and Austria. Some attention to grammar and writing. Prere-
quisite: German 11 or equivalent.

31 GERMAN GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE

Study of intonation, complex grammatical rules and their practical appli-
tion, stylistics and a brief survey of the development of the language.

Recommended for all majors.

33 SURVEY OF GERMAN LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION I

Designed to acquaint the student with important periods of German
literature, representative authors and major cultural developments in
Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The course deals with literature from
the Early Middle Ages through the 18th Century. Prerequisite: German 20 or
consent of instructor.

34 SURVEY OF GERMAN LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION II

Designed to acquaint the student with important periods of German
literature, representative authors and major cultural developments in
Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The course deals with the literature
from the 19th Century to the present. Prerequisite: German 20 or consent of
instructor.

40 GOETHE

A study of the life and works of Goethe. Goethe's significance in the
Classical period and later. Readings in the major works. Prerequisite: German
33 or 34 or consent of instructor.

83

41 CLASSICAL GERMAN DRAMA

The development of das klassische Drama with emphasis on works of
Lessing, Goethe and Schiller. Prerequisite: German 20.

42 MODERN GERMAN DRAMA

The emergency of modern drama commencing with Buchner and leading to
Brecht. Prerequisite: German 20.

43 THE NOVELLE

The German Novelle as a genre relating to various literary periods.
Prerequisite: German 20.

45 GERMAN POETRY

A study of selected poets or the poetry of various literary periods.
Prerequisite: German 33 or 34 or consertt of instructor.

47 MODERN GERMAN LITERATURE

A study of the major movements and writers from Naturalism, Ex-
pressionism and the postwar period. Hauptmann, Rilke, Mann, Hesse,
Kaiser and others. Prerequisite: German 33 or 34 or consent of iristructor.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Examples of recent studies in German include Classicism, Germanic
Mythology, Hermann Hesse, the dramas of Frisch and Durrenmatt.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)
84

GREEK

Greek is not offered as a major.

1-2 NEW TESTAMENT GRAMMAR AND READINGS

Fundamentals of New Testament Greek grammar and readings of selected
passages of the Greek text. Alternate years.

11 READINGS IN THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS

A comparative study of the Synoptic tradition in Greek. Prerequisite: Greek 2
or equivalent. Alternate years.

12 READINGS IN THE PAULINE EPISTLES

Selected readings from the letters of Paul in Greek. Prerequisite: Greek 11 or
equivalent. Alternate years.

HEBREW

Hebrew is not offered as a major.

1-2 OLD TESTAMENT GRAMMAR AND READINGS

Fundamentals of Old Testament Hebrew grammar and readings of selected
passages of the Hebrew text. Alternate years.

11-12 INTERMEDIATE OLD TESTAMENT HEBREW

A critical reading of the Hebrew text with special attention being given to
exegetical questions. The text read varies from year to year. Prerequisite:
Hebrew 2 or equivalent. Alternate years.

SPANISH

A major consists of eight courses numbered 10 or above, including at least one
numbered 40 or above. Foreign Languages and Literatures 38 may be included.
Normally, Foreign Languages and Literatures 25 does not count toward the
major.

All majors who wish to be certified for teaching must pass Foreign
Languages and Literatures 38, Spanish 31 and one from 33, 34 or 35. A language
proficiency test is required of these students during their senior year.

1-2 ELEMENTARY

Aim of course is to acquire the fundamentals of the language with a view to
using them. Regular practice in speaking, understanding and reading.

10-11 INTERMEDIATE

Review and development of fundamentals of the language for immediate
use in speaking, understanding and reading with a view to building
confidence in self-expression. Prerequisite: Spanish 2 or equivalent.

20 ADVANCED

The purpose of this course is to improve the student's ability in spontane-
ous conversations, focusing on everyday activities and matters of current

85

concern as suggested in readings from Latin American and peninsular
sources. Vocabulary building is stressed. Prerequisite: Spanish 11 or
equivalent.

28 CONTEMPORARY HISPANIC LIFE

To introduce students to the Spanish people — their values, customs and
institutions, with reference to the major socio-economic, political and
artistic forces governing present-day Spain. Readings will include selections
from periodical literature as well as historical and literary texts. Lectures in
English.

English Section: Not applicable toward satisfying the foreign language
distribution requirement. Prerequisite: none.

Spanish Section: Students with sufficient language skill wishing to take
this course for credit towards the foreign language distribution requirement
will be given special readings and other assignments in Spanish. Prere-
quisite: Spanish 11 or equivalent competency as determined by the department.

31 SPANISH GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE

Study of intonation, complex grammatical rules and their practical applica-
tion, and a brief survey of the development of the language. Recommended
for all majors.

33 SURVEY OF SPANISH LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION I

Designed to acquaint the student with important periods of Spanish
literature, representative authors and major socio-economic developments.
The course deals with the literature from the beginning through the 17th
Century. Open to students majoring in other departments after consultation with
instructor. Alternate years.

34 SURVEY OF SPANISH LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION II

Designed to acquaint the student with important periods of Spanish
literature, representative authors and major socio-economic developments.
The course deals with the literature from the 18th Century to the present.
Open to students majoring in other departments after consultation with the
instructor. Alternate years.

35 SURVEY OF SPANISH AMERICAN LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION

Designed to acquaint the student with important periods of Spanish-
American literature, representative authors and major socio-economic
developments. The course deals with the literature, especially the essay and
poetry from 16th Century to present. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
Alternate years.

44 SPANISH LITERATURE OF THE GOLDEN AGE

A study of representative works and principal literary figures in the poetry,
prose and drama of the 16th and 17th Centuries from Fernando de Rojas to
Calderon. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Alternate years.

86

47 19TH CENTURY NOVEL

Regionalism, realism and naturalism in prose fiction with emphasis on the
works of Galdos. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Alternate years.

48 THE GENERATION OF '98

Principal literary figures of the early 20th Century: Unamuno, Azorin, Valle
Inclan, Baroja, Benavente, Machado, Jimenez, etc. Prerequisite: consent of
instructor. Alternate years.

49 SPANISH AMERICAN NOVEL

Twentieth Century novelists from Azuela to Garcia Marquez. Prerequisite:
consent of instructor. Alternate years.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Recent studies include literary, linguistic and cultural topics, and themes
such as urban problems as reflected in the modern novel.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

87

HISTORY

Associate Professor: Larson, Piper (Chairman)
Assistant Professor: Morris

A major consists of 10 courses, including 10, 11 and 45. At least seven courses
must be taken in the department. The following courses may be counted toward
fulfilling the major requirements: American Studies 10, Political Science 39,
Religion 28 and 46. Other appropriate courses outside the department may be
counted upon departmental approval. For history majors who student teach in
history, the major consists of nine courses. In addition to the courses listed
below, special courses, independent study and honors are available. Special
courses recently taught and anticipated include a biographical study of Europe-
an Monarchs, the European Left, the Industrialization and Urbanization of
Modern Europe, Utopian Movements in America, the Peace Movement in
America, The Vietnam War and American Legal History. History majors are
encouraged to participate in the internship program.

10 EUROPE 1500-1815

An examination of the political, social, cultural and intellectual history of
Europe and its relations with other areas of the world from 1500 to 1815.

11 EUROPE 1815-Present

An examination of the political, social, cultural and intellectual history of
Europe and its relations with other areas of the world from 1815 to the
present.

12 UNITED STATES HISTORY 1603-1877

A study of the men, measures and movements which have been significant
in the development of the United States between 1603 and 1877. Attention
is paid to the problems of minority groups as well as to majority and
national influences.

13 UNITED STATES HISTORY 1877-present

A study of the men, measures and movements which have been significant
in the development of the United States since 1877. Attention is paid to the
problems of minority groups as well as to majority and national influences.

20 ANCIENT HISTORY

A study of the ancient western world, including the foundations of the
western tradition in Greece, the emergence and expansion of the Roman
state, its experience as a republic and its transformation into the Empire.
The course will focus on the social and intellectual life of Greece and Rome
as well as political and economic changes. Alternate years.

22 MEDIEVAL EUROPE AND ITS NEIGHBORS

The history of Europe from the dissolution of the Roman Empire to the mid-
15th Century. The course will deal with the growing estrangement of
western Catholic Europe from the Byzantium and Islam, culminating in the
Crusades; the rise of the Islamic Empire and its later fragmentation; the

88

development and growth of feudalism; the conflict of empire and papacy,
and the rise of towns. Alternate years.

23 EUROPE IN THE ERA OF THE WORLD WARS

An intensive study of the political economic, social and cultural history of
Europe from 1900-1945. Topics include the rise of irrationalism, the origins
of the First World War, the Communist and Fascist Revolutions and the
attempts to preserve peace before 1939. Prerequisite: History 11 or consent of
the instructor.

24 CONTEMPORARY EUROPE

An intensive study of the political, economic, social and cultural history of
Europe since 1945. Topics include the post-war economic recovery of
Europe, the Sovietization of Eastern Europe, the origins of the Cold War,
decolonization and the flowering of the welfare state. Prerequisite: History 11
or consent of instructor.

25 FRENCH REVOLUTION AND NAPOLEON

An analysis of the political, social and intellectual background of the French
Revolution, a survey of the course of revolutionary development and an
estimate of the results of the Napoleonic conquests and administration.

Prerequisite: History 10 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

26 COLONIAL AMERICA AND THE REVOLUTIONARY ERA

The establishment of British settlements on the American continent, their
history as colonies, the causes and events of the American Revolution, the
critical period following independence and proposal and adoption of the
United States Constitution. Alternate years.

27 20TH CENTURY UNITED STATES

This course begins with the Progressive Era and includes the political,
economic and social developments in the 20th Century. Emphasis will be
placed on the domestic and international demands which have faced the
United States in the period following World War II.

28 AFRO-AMERICAN HISTORY

A study of the experiences and participation of Afro-Americans in the
United States. The course includes historical experiences such as slavery,
abolition, reconstruction and urbanization. It also raises the issue of the
development and growth of white racism, and the effect of this racism on
contemporary Afro-American social, intellectual and political life. Alternate
years.

29 LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY

An examination of the native civilization, the age of discovery and con-
quest, Spanish colonial policy, the independence movements and the
development of modern institutions and governments in Latin America.
Alternate years.

89

33 CONFLICT IN WESTERN CIVILIZATION

An in-depth study of the changing nature of war and its relationship to the
development of Western Civilization since the end of the Middle Ages.
Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of war in the development of
the modern nation state and the origins and nature of total war. Alternate
years.

34 DIPLOMATIC HISTORY OF EUROPE SINCE 1789

A survey of the development of the European states system and the
relations between the European states since the beginning of the French
Revolution. Prerequisite: History 11 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

35 THE CRISIS OF LIBERALISM AND NATIONALISM, EUROPE 1848-1870

An in-depth investigation of the crucial "Middle Years" of 19th Century
Europe from the revolutions of 1848 through the unification of Germany.
The course centers on the struggles for power within the major states of
Europe at this time and how the vehicle of nationalism was used to bring
about one type of solution. Alternate years.

37 AGE OF JEFFERSON AND JACKSON

The theme of the course is the emergence of the political and social
characteristics that shaped modern America. The personalities of Thomas
Jefferson, John Marshall, John Randolph, Aaron Burr and Andrew Jackson
receive special attention. Special consideration is given to the first and
second party systems, the decline in community cohesiveness, the west-
ward movement and the growing importance of the family as a unit of social
organization. Alternate years.

38 CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION

The problems and events leading to war, the political and military history of
the war and the bitter aftermath to the Compromise of 1877.

39 20TH CENTURY UNITED STATES RELIGION

The study of historical and cultural developments in American society
which relates to religion or what is commonly called religion. This involves
consideration of the institutional and intellectual development of several
faith groups as well as discussion of certain problems, such as the
persistence of religious bigotry and the changing modes of church-state
relationships. Alternate years.

40 HISTORY OF RENAISSANCE THOUGHT

A study of the classical, humanist and scholastic elements involved in the
development of the Renaissance outlook views and values, both in Italy and
in Northern Europe. The various combinations of social and political
circumstances which constitute the historical context of these intellectual
developments will be noted. Alternate years.

41 HISTORY OF REFORMATION THOUGHT

A study of the ideas and systems of ideas propounded prior to the

90

Reformation, but which are historically related to its inception and of the
ideas and systems of ideas involved in the formation of the major Reforma-
tion, Protestant traditions and in the Catholic Reformation. Included are the
ideas of the humanists of the Reformation Era. Alternate years.

42 UNITED STATES SOCIAL AND INTELLECTUAL HISTORY TO 1877

A study of the social and intellectual experience of the United States from
its colonial antecedents through reconstruction. Among the topics con-
sidered are Puritanism, transcendentalism, community life and organiza-
tion, education and social reform movements. Prerequisites: two courses from
History 12, 13, 28 or consent of instructor.

43 UNITED STATES SOCIAL AND INTELLECTUAL HISTORY SINCE 1877

A study of the social and intellectual experience of the United States from
reconstruction to the present day. Among the topics considered are social
Darwinism, pragmatism, community life and organization, education and
social reform movements. Prerequisites: two courses from History 12, 13, 28 or
consent of instructor.

45 HISTORICAL METHODS

This course focuses on the nature and meaning of history. It will open to the
student different historical approaches and will provide the opportunity to
explore these approaches in terms of particular topics and periods. Majors
are required to enroll in this course in either their junior or senior year. The
course is open to other students who have two courses in history or consent
of the instructor.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Typically, history interns work for local government agencies engaged in
historical projects or for the Lycoming County Historical Museum.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Recent topics include studies of the immigration of American blacks,
political dissension in the Weimer Republic, Indian relations before the
American Revolution and the history of Lycoming County.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

Two recent projects were the Germans in Pennsylvania Politics, 1878-1938
and the Reign of Tiglath Pileser I (1116-1075B.C).

91

INTERNATIONAL STUDIES

Associate Professor: Larson (Coordinator)

The major in International Studies is designed to integrate an understanding of
the changing social, political and historical environment of Europe today with
study of Europe in its relations to the rest of the world, particularly the United
States. It stresses the international relations of the North Atlantic community
and offers the student opportunity to emphasize either European studies or
international relations. The program provides multiple perspectives on the
cultural traits that shape popular attitudes and institutions. Study of a single
country is included as a data-base for comparisons, and study of its language as
a basis for direct communication with its people.

The program is intended to prepare a student either for graduate study or
for careers which have an international component. International obligations are
increasingly assumed by governmental agencies and a wide range of business,
social, religious and educational organizations. Opportunities are found in the
fields of journalism, publishing, communications, trade, banking, advertising,
management and tourism. The program also offers flexible career preparation in
a variety of essential skills, such as research, data analysis, report writing,
language skills and the awareness necessary for dealing with people and
institutions of another culture. Preparation for related careers can be obtained
through the guided selection of courses outside the major in the areas of
business, economics, foreign languages and literatures, government, history
and international relations or through a second major. Students should design
their programs in consultation with members of the Committee on International
Studies.

By completing 6-8 additional courses in the social sciences (which include
those courses needed to complete a major in economics, history, political science

92

or sociology/anthropology) and the required program in education, students can
be certified for the teacher education program in social studies. By completing a
major in the foreign language (five or more courses) and the education program,
students can be certified to teach that language. The International Studies
program also encourages participation in study abroad programs, as well as the
Washington and United Nations semesters.

The major includes eleven courses selected as follows:
International Relations Courses — Four or two courses (if two, then four must be
taken from Area Courses). Courses within this group are designed to provide a
basic understanding of the international system and of Europe's relations with
the rest of the world. Political Science 25 is required.

Political Science 25: World Politics

Economics 43: International Trade

History 34: European Diplomatic History

Political Science 39: American Foreign Policy

Area Courses — Four or two courses (if two, then four must be taken from
International Relations Courses). Courses within this group are designed to
provide a basic understanding of the European political, social and economic
environment. History 11 and Economics 22 are required.

History 11: Europe 1815-Present

Economics 22: Economic Systems of the West

Political Science 20: European Politics

History 23: Europe in the Era of the World Wars

History 24: Contemporary Europe

National Courses

Language — Two courses in one language.

French 20, plus one course numbered 23 or above (except 28)
German 20, plus one course numbered 31 or above
Spanish 20, plus one course numbered 31 or above

Country — One course. The student must select, according to his or her
language preparation, one European country which will serve as a special
interest area throughout the program. The country selected will serve as the
base for individual projects in the major courses wherever possible.

France — French 28: Modern France

Germany — History 80: Topics in German History

Spain — Spanish 28: Contemporary Hispanic Life

Elective Course — One course which should involve further study of some aspect
of the program. Appropriate courses are any area or international relations
courses not yet taken, History 10, 32, 33; Economics 23, 45; Political Science 26,
27, 38, 46; related foreign literature courses counting toward the fine arts
requirement and internships.

49 SENIOR SEMINAR

A one semester seminar, taken in the senior year, in which students and
several faculty members will pursue an integrative topic in the field of
international studies. Students will work to some extent independently.
Guest speakers will be invited. The seminar will be open to qualified
persons from outside the major and the college. Prerequisite: consent of the
instructor.

93

LITERATURE

Associate Professor: Maples (Coordinator)

This major recognizes literature as a distinct discipline beyond national bound-
aries and combines the study of any two literatures in the areas of English,
French, German and Spanish. Students can thus explore two literatures widely
and intensively at the upper levels of course offerings within each of the
respective departments while developing and applying skills in foreign lan-
guages. The major prepares students for graduate study in either of the two
literatures studies or in comparative literature.

The major requires at least six literature courses, equally divided between
the two literatures concerned. The six must be at the advanced level as
determined in consultation with advisors (normally courses numbered 20 and
above in English and 40 and above in foreign languages). In general, two of the
advanced courses in each literature should be period courses. The third course,
taken either as a regular course or as independent study, may have as its subject
another period, a particular author, genre or literary theme, or some other
unifying approach or idea. Beyond these six, the major must include at least two
additional courses from among those counting toward a major in the depart-
ments involved. Any prerequisite courses in the respective departments (for
example: English U, 15, 16, 17, French 23, German 33, 34) should be taken
during the freshman and sophomore years. Students should design their
programs in consultation with a faculty member from each of the literatures
concerned. Programs for the major must be approved by the departments
involved.

94

MASS COMMUNICATIONS

Associate Professor: Madden (Coordinator)

The major in Mass Communications offers a liberal arts background and a
professional sequence through a combination of courses from the Departments
of Art, Business Administration, English, Political Science, Sociology-An-
thropology and the broadcasting and graphic arts departments of the Williams-
port Area Community College. The program assures a broadly based academic
foundation with special competency in a selected concentration, plus career
orientation in a specific area.
Students must:

1. Successfully complete one of the following sequences:

Advertising

Advertising Design-Photography

Broadcast Journalism

Newspaper

Public Relations

2. Take a concentration of at least four courses related to the student's
program in a single department of the college in consultation with the
chairman of that department and with the approval of the mass communica-
tions coordinator.

3. Successully complete an internship or independent study related to the
sequence chosen.

Advertising Sequence:

Comm. 10 Introduction to Mass Communications

Bus. 28-29 Marketing Management

Bus. 32 Advertising

Bus. 47 Creative Advertising

P.S. 48 Public Opinion and Polling or

Soc. 47 Research Methods

GCO 511 Layout and Design

GCO 512 Typographic Composition

Choose two courses from the following with consent of advisor:

Art 11, Art 27, Eng. 18 or 22, Eng. 35 or Eng. 36, Eng. 34 or Theatre 11.

Advertising Design-Photography Sequence:

Comm. 10 Introduction to Mass Communications

Art 11 Drawing

Art 15 Two-dimensional Design

Art 12 Color Theory

Art 27 Photography

Bus. 32 Advertising Principles

GCO 511 Layout and Design

GCO 512 Typographic Composition

GCO 521 Process Camera

Choose two courses from the following with consent of advisor:

Art 18, Art 37, Art 21, Bus. 47, Eng. 35 or Eng. 36, Eng. 34 or Theatre 11.

Broadcast Journalism Sequence:

Comm. 10 Introduction to Mass Communications

Eng. 24 News Writing for Radio and TV

95

P.S. 34 Political News Writing

P.S. 48 Public Opinion and Polling

Thea. 1 Principles of Oral Communication

BRC 242 Station Management and Community Responsibility

BRC 112 Basic Electronics and FCC Licensing

Choose two courses from the following with consent of advisor:
Art 27, P.S. 11, P.S. 32, Psych. 24, Soc. 34, Eng. 34 or Theatre 11.

Newspaper Sequence:

Comm. 10 Introduction to Mass Communications

Eng. 23 News Writing for the Print Media

P.S. 34 Political News Writing

P.S. 11 State and Local Government

P.S. 48 Public Opinion and Polling

Art 27 Photography

GCO 512 Typographic Composition

Choose two courses from the following with consent of advisor:

Art 37, Eng. 18 or Eng. 22, Eng. 24, P.S. 32, Psych. 24, Soc. 34, Eng. 34

or Theatre 11.

Public Relations Sequence:

Comm. 10 Introduction to Mass Communications

Eng. 23 News Writing for the Print Media

Eng. 37 Public Relations and Publicity

Bus. 28-29 Marketing Management

P.S. 48 Public Opinion and Polling or

Soc. 47 Research Methods

Art 27 Photography

Choose two courses from the following with consent of advisor:

Art 37, Bus. 32, Eng. 18 or Eng. 22, Eng. 24, Psych. 24, Eng. 34 or Theatre 11.

10 INTRODUCTION TO MASS COMMUNICATIONS

Part 1: Theories of the process of mass communications and introduction to
the mass media; attention will be given to problems of censorship and
media ethics. Part 2: Analysis of the mass media's impact on society;
emphasis will be placed on the social, psychological and political implica-
tions of the media's shaping influence on man and institutions.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Interns usually work off campus in a field related to their communications
sequence; some may work with the student newspaper or radio station.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Studies involve research related to the communications sequence of the
student.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

Through special arrangement, the following courses offered at the Williamsport
Area Community College are available to students in the Mass Communications
major only. The WACC courses are taken as part of the student's semester
schedule and are listed with Lycoming offerings during registration periods.

96

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GRAPHIC ARTS

511 LAYOUT AND DESIGN

Analysis of materials, tools and techniques used in preparation of copy for
reproduction; paste-up and color separation overlays. 4 Cr.

512 TYPOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION

Fundamentals of typesetting. Theory and practice in the care and use of
composing machines, both hot and cold (mechanical) and cold (photo).
4 Cr.

521 PROCESS CAMERA

Concepts and techniques of darkroom procedure for reproduction of line
and halftone copy on process camera. 4 Cr.

BROADCASTING

112 BASIC ELECTRONICS AND FCC LICENSING

Fundamental mechanics of operation of tape recorders, turntables,
network facilities and multispeaker systems; mechanics necessary to
obtain FCC licensing; field visits to at least five different stations. 3 Cr.

242 STATION MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITY

Study of problems related to serving community needs while making a
profit; ratio of advertising to program time; character of station; meeting
community responsibility through community interest programs; respon-
sible use of editorial privilege. 3 Cr.

97

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

Associate Professor: Getchell, Haley, J. Hubbard (Chairman)

Assistant Professor: Henninger

Instructor: Troxel

Part-time Instructor: Murphy

Visiting Instructor: A. Hubbard

The Department of Mathematical Sciences offers major programs in
mathematics and in computer science.

MATHEMATICS

A major in mathematics consists of 10 units of mathematics courses numbered
10 or above: Mathematics 18, 19, 20, 24, 34, 42 and three other mathematics
courses numbered 20 or above. Students seeking secondary certification in
mathematics are required to complete Mathematics 30 and 36 and are advised to
enroll in Philosophy 17. In addition, all majors are advised to elect Computer
Science 15, Philosophy 20 and 33 and Astronomy/Physics 25 and 26.

In addition to the regular courses listed below, special courses are occasion-
ally available on an independent study basis. Recent topics include graph
theory, discrete probability, actuarial mathematics, theory of games of chance
and mathematics physics.

1 CONTINUOUS MODELS

A survey of the central ideas of the infinitesimal calculus, its historical
development and some of its modern applications. Students with credit for
Mathematics 9 or 18 may not receive credit for this course. One-half unit of credit.

2 COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY

A study of the role of digital computers in society today with primary
emphasis on what can be done, rather than how to do it. The main goal of
the course is to make the student aware of the growing influence which
computers are likely to have on society in the near future. Students with
credit for Mathematics 15 may not receive credit for this course. One-half unit of
a edit.

5 INDIVIDUALIZED LABORATORY INSTRUCTION IN BASIC ALGEBRA

A self-paced study of arithmetic and decimal numerals, fractions, the real
number line, factoring, solutions to linear and quadratic equations, graphs
of linear and quadratic functions, expressions with rational exponents,
algebraic functions, exponential functions and inequalities. THIS COURSE
IS LIMITED TO STUDENTS PLACED THEREIN BY THE MATHEMATICS
DEPARTMENT. One-half unit of credit.

7 MATHEMATICS IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

This course is intended for prospective elementary school teachers and is
required of all those seeking elementary certification. Topics include sys-
tems of numbers and of numeration, computational algorithms, environ-
mental and transformation geometry measurement and mathematical con-
cept formation. Observation and participation in Greater Williamsport
elementary schools. Corequisite: any education course numbered 40 or above
which is specifically required for elementary certification or consent of instructor.

98

9 INTRODUCTION TO CALCULUS

An intuitive approach to the calculus concepts with applications to busi-
ness, biology and social science problems. Not open to students who have
completed Mathematics 18. Prerequisite: credit for or exemption from
Mathematics 5. Alternate years.

12 FINITE MATHEMATICS FOR DECISION MAKING

An introduction to some of the principal mathematical models, not involv-
ing calculus, which are used in business administration, social sciences and
operations research. The course will include both deterministic models such
as graphs, networks, linear programming and voting models and probabi-
listic models such as Markov chains and games. Prerequisite: credit for or
exemption from Mathematics 5.

13 INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS

Empirical distributions of measurements, probability and random variables,
discrete and continuous probability distributions, statistical inference from
small samples, linear regression and correlation, analysis of enumerative
data. Prerequisite: credit for or exemption from Mathematics 5.

14 MULTIVARIATE STATISTICS

The study of statistical techniques used in experimental designs involving
more than two random variables. Techniques include analysis of variance,
analysis of covariance, multiple regression and correlation, introduction to
factor analysis and discriminative analysis. Extensive use of the PDP11/70
computer as a problem solving tool will be included. Prerequisite:
Mathematics 13. Alternate years. One-half unit of credit.

17 PRECALCULUS MATHEMATICS

The study of logarithmic, exponential, trigonometric, polynomial and
rational functions, their graphs and elementary properties. Prerequisite:
credit for or exemption from Mathematics 5.

18 CALCULUS WITH ANALYTIC GEOMETRY I

Differentiation of algebraic functions, graphing plane curves, applications
to related rate and extremal problems, integration of algebraic functions,
areas of plane regions, volumes of solids of revolution and other applica-
tions. Prerequisite: a grade of C or better in Mathematics 17 or its equivalent or
consent of instructor.

19 CALCULUS WITH ANALYTIC GEOMETRY II

Differentiation and integration of transcendental functions, parametric
equations, polar coordinates, the conic sections and their applications,
infinite sequences and series expansions. Prerequisite: a grade of C or better in
Mathematics 18 or consent of instructor.

20 MULTIVARIATE CALCULUS WITH MATRIX ALGEBRA

Vectors, linear transformations and their matrix representations, determi-
nants, matrix inversion, solutions to systems of linear equations, differen-

99

tiation and integration of multivariate functions, vector field theory and
applications. Prerequisite: a grade of C or better in Mathematics 19 or consent of
instructor.

21 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

A study of ordinary differential equations and their applications: first order
linear differential equations, the Picard Existence Theorem, solution by
separation of variables, solution by numerical methods; second order linear
differential equations, solution by variation of parameters, solution by
power series, solution by Laplace transforms; system of first order equa-
tions, solutions by eigenvalues; qualitative theory, stability theory
asymptotic behavior and the Poincare-Bendixon theorem. Besides the usual
applications in physics and engineering, considerable attention will be
given to modern applications in the social and life sciences. Prerequisite: a
grade of C or better in Mathematics 19 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

23 COMPLEX VARIABLES

Complex numbers, analytic functions, complex integration, Cauchy's the-
orems and their applications. Corequisite: Mathematics 20. Alternate years.

24 FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS

Topics regularly included are the nature of mathematical systems, essentials
of logical reasoning and axiomatic foundations of set theory. Other topics
frequently included are approaches to the concepts of infinity and continui-
ty, and the construction of the real number system. The course serves as a
bridge from the elementary calculus to advanced courses in algebra and
analysis. Prerequisite: Mathematics 19 or consent of instructor.

30 TOPICS IN GEOMETRY

An axiomatic treatment of Euclidean geometry, and an introduction to
related geometries. Prerequisite: Mathetnatics 18. Alternate years.

31 INTRODUCTION TO NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

Study and analysis of tabulated data leading to interpolation, numerical
integration, numerical solutions of differential equations and systems of
equations. Prerequisite: Computer Science 15. Alternate years. Cross-listed as
Computer Science 31.

32-33 MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS I-II

A study of probability, discrete and continuous random variables, expected
values and moments, sampling, point estimation, sampling distributions,
interval estimation, test of hypotheses, regression and linear hypotheses,
experimental design models. Prerequisite: Mathematics 19. Alternate years.

34 MODERN ALGEBRA

An integrated approach to groups, rings, fields and vector spaces and
functions which preserve their structure. Prerequisite: Mathematics 24.

100

36 CONCEPTS OF MATHEMATICS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION

A course designed for mathematics majors who are planning to teach at the
secondary level. Emphasis will be placed on the mathematics that form the
foundation of secondary mathematics. Ideas will be presented to familiarize
the student with various curriculum proposals, to provide for innovation
within the existing curriculum and to expand the boundaries of the existing
curriculum. Open only to junior and senior mathematics majors enrolled in the
secondary education program. Alternate years.

37 COMPUTATIONAL MATRIX ALGEBRA

An introduction to some of the algorithms which have been developed for
producing numerical solutions to such linear algebraic problems as solving
systems of linear equations, inverting matrices, computing the eigenvalues
of a matrix and solving the linear least squares problem. Prerequisite:
Computer Science 15 and Mathematics 19 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.
Cross-listed as Computer Science 37.

38 OPERATIONS RESEARCH

Queuing theory, including simulation techniques; optimization theory,
including linear programming, integer programming and dynamic pro-
gramming; game theory, including two-person zero-sum games, coopera-
tive games and multiperson games. Prerequisite: Mathematics 12 or
Mathematics 20. Alternate years.

42 REAL ANALYSIS

A rigorous analysis of the basic concepts of real variable calculus; the real
number system as a complete, ordered field; the topology of Euclidean
space, compact sets, the Heine-Borel Theorem; continuity; the Intermediate
Value Theorem; derivatives, the Mean Value Theorem; Riemann integrals,
the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus; infinite series, and Taylor's the-
orem. Prerequisite: Mathematics 24.

48 SEMINAR

Topics in modern mathematics of current interest to the instructor. A
different topic is selected each semester. This seminar is designed to
provide junior and senior mathematics majors and other qualified students
with more than the usual opportunity for concentrated and cooperative
inquiry. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. One-half unit of credit. This course
may be repeated for credit.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

COMPUTER SCIENCE

A major in computer science consists of 11 courses: Mathematics 18, 19
either 21 or 24 and Computer Science 15, 26, 27, 31, 37, 44, 45 and 46. In
addition, the following cognate courses are recommended: Mathematics 13, 14,
20, 38, Physics 27, Philosophy 19, 20 and Psychology 37.

101

2 COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY

A study of the role of digital computers in society today with primary
emphasis on what can be done, rather than how to do it. The main goal of
the course is to make the student aware of the growing influence which
computers are likely to have on society in the near future. Students with
credit for Mathematics 15 may not receive credit for this course. One-half unit of
credit.

15 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE

Introduction to programming utilizing BASIC and FORTRAN IV. Topics
include program structure, computer configuration, memory allocation,
algorithms and applications. Includes laboratory experience on the
PDP11/70 computer. Prerequisite: credit for or exemption from Mathematics 5.

26 PRINCIPLES OF ADVANCED PROGRAMMING

Principles of effective programming, including structured programming,
step-wise refinement, assertion proving, style, debugging, control struc-
ture, decision tables, finite state machines, recursion and encoding. Prere-
quisite: Computer Science 15.

27 DATA STRUCTURES

Representation of data and algorithms associated with data structures.
Topics include representation of lists, trees, graphs and strings, algorithms
for searching and sorting. Prerequisite: Computer Science 26.

31 INTRODUCTION TO NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

Study and analysis of tabulated data leading to interpolation, numerical
integration, numerical solutions of differential equations and systems of
equations. Prerequisite: Computer Science 15. Alternate years. Cross-listed as
Mathematics 31.

37 COMPUTATIONAL MATRIX ALGEBRA

An introduction to some of the algorithms which have been developed for
producing numerical solutions to such linear algebraic problems as solving
systems of linear equations, inverting matrices, computing the eigenvalues
of a matrix and solving the linear least squares problem. Prerequisite:
Computer Science 15 and Mathematics 19 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.
Cross-listed as Mathematics 37.

44 MACHINE LANGUAGE

Principles of machine language programming; computer organization and
representation of numbers, strings, arrays and list structures at the machine
level; interrupt programming, relocatable code, linking loaders; interfacing
with operating systems. Prerequisite: Computer Science 26. Alternate years.

45 SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING

The emphasis in this course is on the algorithms used in programming the
various parts of a computer system. These parts include assemblers,

102

loaders, editors, interrupt processors, input/output schedulers, processor
and job schedulers and memory managers. Prerequisite: Computer Science 27.
Alternate years.

46 COMPILER CONSTRUCTION

The emphasis in this course is on the construction of translators for
programming languages. Topics include lexical analysis, block structure,
grammars, parsing, program representation and run-time organization.
Prerequisite: Computer Science 27. Alternate years.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

103

MUSIC

Assistant Professors: Boerckel, Jex, Thayer (Chairman)
Part-Time Instructors: Lakey, Mclver, Nacinovich, Russell,
Serang, Shellenberger

The music major is required to take a balanced program of theory, applied
music, music history and music ensemble. A minimum of eight courses
(exclusive of applied music and ensemble) is required, and these must include
Music 10, 11, 17, 32 and any two from 35, 36, 45, 46. Music 17 is not required of
the music major who completes Music 35, 36, 45 and 46. Each major must
participate in an ensemble (Music 68 and/or 69) and take one hour of applied
music per week for a minimum of four semesters. (See Music 60-66). The major
must include piano in the applied program unless a piano proficiency test is
requested and passed. Anyone declaring music as a second major must do so by
the beginning of the junior year.

10-11 MUSIC THEORY I AND II

A two-semester course open to all students. An examination of the
fundamental components and theoretical concepts of music. The student
will develop musicianship through application of applied skills. (Music 10 is
prerequisite to Music 11).

16 INTRODUCTION TO MUSIC

A basic course in the materials and techniques of music. Examples, drawn
from various periods and styles, are designed to enhance perception and
appreciation through careful and informed listening.

17 SURVEY OF WESTERN MUSIC

A chronological survey of Western music from the Middle Ages to the
present for the major or non-major.

18 AMERICAN MUSIC I

For the major or non-major interested in studying all types of American
music, from pre-Revolutionary days through World War I. Areas explored
will include Indian, African and European roots influencing the serious
music for small and large ensembles, the development of show music from
minstrels to Broadway musicals, the evolution of "Tin Pan Alley" and the
beginnings of jazz. Alternate years.

19 AMERICAN MUSIC II

For the major or non-major interested in studying all types of American
music. American Music II will cover post-World War I days to the present.
Areas explored will include indigenous serious music for small and large
ensembles, the mature Broadway musical, the evolution of jazz, the
development of rock and the fusion of musical styles in the 1970's. Alternate
years.

20-21 MUSIC THEORY III AND IV

A continuation of the integrated theory course moving toward newer uses
of music materials. Prerequisite: Music 11. Alternate years.

104

28 COUNTERPOINT

A study of the five species in two, three and four-part writing. Alternate
years.

29 ORCHESTRATION

A study of modern orchestral instruments, and examination of their use by
the great masters with practical problems in instrumentation. Alternate
years.

30 COMPOSITION

Creative writing in smaller vocal and instrumental forms. The college music
organizations serve to make performance possible. Alternate years.

31 CONDUCTING

A study of the fundamentals of conducting with frequent opportunity for
practical experience. Alternate years.

32 ELECTRONIC MUSIC I

Largely a non-technical introduction to electronic music designed for the
major and non-major. The course traces the development of electronic
music, introduces the student to simple tape-splicing and recorder manipu-
lation, and progresses to the present-day synthesizer and multi-track
techniques. Students will work collectively and individually in the elec-
tronic studios. Alternate years.

33 ELECTRONIC MUSIC II

An in-depth study of the Moog synthesizer including alternating and direct
current, signal generators and the characteristics of their waveforms,
control voltage and its sources, the transient and periodic modulations.
Basic mixing and filtering techniques will be examined. Students will be
assigned studio hours to complete the recording assignments. Prerequisite:
Music 32. Alternate years.

35 MUSIC HISTORY TO J.S. BACH

A survey of Western music from Gregorian chant to the masterworks of
Handel and Bach. Church music of the Middle Ages, Renaissance and
Baroque periods is of primary importance with the origins of instrumental
music and opera receiving secondary consideration. Prerequisite: Music 17 or
consent of instructor. Alternate years.

36 MUSIC HISTORY OF THE 18TH CENTURY

The symphonies, operas, chamber music and piano works of Haydn,
Mozart and Beethoven are studied within the social and cultural climate of
late 18th-Century Europe. Rococo music in France and Italy will be
considered with the expressive style of Germany and Austria. Prerequisite:
Music 17 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

105

42 ELECTRONIC MUSIC III

An introduction to acoustic theory, echo technique, location modulation,
application of equalization, phasing and microphones. The student will
write and perform an electronic composition utilizing real-time networks.
Prerequisite: Music 33. Alternate years.

43 ELECTRONIC MUSIC IV

A study of major compositions and genres of electronic music. The student
will complete an original composition based upon a study of these techni-
ques and forms. Prerequisite: Music 42. Alternate years.

45 MUSIC OF THE 19TH CENTURY

A study of the music of the Romantic period with emphasis on Beethoven,
Schubert, Chopin, Berlioz, Liszt, Schumann, Brahms, Wagner, Verdi,
Tchaikovsky and others. Close examination of short lyric forms, program
music, opera and the sonata genre. Prerequisite: Music 17 or consent
of instructor. Alternate years.

46 MUSIC OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Beginning with Debussy, Strauss, Mahler and Sibelius, the course traces
some of the main currents in the music of our time. Emphasis given to such
composers as Stravinsky, Bartok, Ives, Shostakovich, Berg, Gershwin and
others. Prerequisite: Music 17 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

APPLIED MUSIC AND ENSEMBLE

The study of performance in piano, voice, organ, strings, woodwinds, and
percussion is designed to develop sound technique and a knowledge of the
appropriate literature for the instrument. Student recitals offer opportunities to
gain experience in public performance. Music majors and other students
qualified in performance may present formal recitals.

Credit for applied music courses (private lessons) and ensemble (choir and
band) is earned on a fractional basis. For a description of this, see page 17. An
applied course or ensemble should NOT be substituted for. an academic course,
but should in every case be in addition to the normal four academic courses.
Extra fees apply for private lessons (Music 60-66) as follows: $130 per semester
for a half-hour lesson per week. Private lessons are given for 13 weeks.

60 Piano 62 Strings 64 Brass 66 Percussion

61 Voice 63 Organ 65 Woodwinds

68 CHORAL ENSEMBLE (CHOIR)

Participation in the college choir is designed to enable any student possess-
ing at least average talent an opportunity to study choral technique.
Emphasis is placed upon acquaintance with choral literature, tone produc-
tion, diction and phrasing. Students desiring credit for choir are allowed a
maximum of one hour per semester. A student who is enrolled in choir and
not band should elect Music 68-B (one hour credit). Students enrolled in
both band and choir should elect 68- A and 69- A (V2 hr. in each).

106

69 INSTRUMENTAL ENSEMBLE (BAND)

The college band allows students with some instrumental experience to
become acquainted with good band literature and develop personal musi-
cianship through participation in group instrumental activity. Students
desiring credit for ensemble are allowed a maximum of one hour per
semester. A student who is enrolled in band, but not choir, should elect
Music 69-B (one hour credit). A student enrolled in both band and choir
should elect 68-A and 69-B (V2 hr. in each).

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS

107

NEAR EAST CULTURE AND ARCHEOLOGY

Professor: Guerra (Coordinator)

The Near East Culture and Archeology interdisciplinary major is designed to
acquaint students with the "cradle of Western civilization/' both in its ancient
and modern aspects. Majors will complete a minimum of eight to 10 courses
related to the Near East.

Required courses are described in their departmental sections and include:

1 . Four courses (semesters) in language and culture from:
History and Culture of the Ancient Near East (Religion 28)
History of Art (Art 22)

Ancient History (History 20)

Old Testament Faith and History (Religion 13)

Judaism and Islam (Religion 24)

Two semesters of foreign language (Hebrew 1, 2 or Greek 1, 2)

2. Two courses (semesters) in archeology from:
Bible, Archeology and Faith (Religion 46)

Special Archeology courses, such as independent studies or in May
term or summer sessions in the Near East.

3. Two courses (semesters) in the cooperating departments (Art, History,
Political Science, Religion and Sociology-Anthropology) or related depart-
ments. These two courses, usually taken in the junior or senior years, can
be independent study. Topics should be related either to the ancient or the
modern Near East and must be approved in advance by the committee
supervising the interdisciplinary program. The study of modern Arabic or
Hebrew is encouraged.

Other courses may be suggested by the supervisory committee within the
limits of a 10-course major. The number of courses taken within this program
applicable toward fulfilling the college distribution requirements will vary
according to the selection of courses.

PHILOSOPHY

Associate Professor: Griffith

Assistant Professor: Herring (Chairman), Whelan

The study of philosophy develops a critical understanding of the basic concepts
and presuppositions around which we organize our thought in science, religion,
education, morality, the arts and other human enterprises. A major in
philosophy, together with appropriate other courses, can provide an excellent
preparation for policy-making positions of many kinds, for graduate study in
several fields and for careers in education, law and the ministry. The major in
philosophy consists of at least eight courses numbered 10 or above, of which six
must be numbered 20 or above and must include 21 or 23, 22 or 24 and 49. In
addition to the courses listed below, special courses are often offered.

5 PRACTICAL REASONING

A general introduction to topics in logic and their application to practical
reasoning, with primary emphasis on detecting fallacies, evaluating induc-
tive reasoning, and understanding the rudiments of scientific method.

108

10 INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEMS

An introductory course designed to show the nature of philosophy by
examination of several examples of problems which have received extended
attention in philosophical literature. These topics often include the relation
of the mind to the body, the possibility of human freedom, arguments about
the existence of God, the conditions of knowledge and the relation of
language to thought. Some attention is also given to the principles of
acceptable reasoning.

14 PHILOSOPHY AND PERSONAL CHOICE

An introductory philosophical examination of a number of contemporary
moral issues which call for personal decision. Topics often investigated
include: the "good" life, obligation to others, sexual ethics, abortion, suicide
and death, violence and pacifism, obedience to the law, the relevance of
personal beliefs to morality. Discussion centers on some of the suggestions
philosophers have made about how to make such decisions.

15 PHILOSOPHY AND PUBLIC POLICY

An introductory philosophical examination of the moral and conceptual
dimension of various contemporary public issues, such as the relation of
ethics to politics and the law, the enforcement of morals, the problem of fair
distribution of goods and opportunities, the legitimacy to restricting the use
of natural resources and the application of ethics to business practice.
Discussion centers on some of the suggestions philosophers have made
about how to deal with these issues.

16 ETHICAL ISSUES IN BUSINESS

An introductory philosophical examination of a variety of moral problems
that arise concerning the American business system. Included are a
systematic consideration of typical moral problems faced by individuals and
an examination of common moral criticisms of the business system itself.

17 PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN EDUCATION

An examination of the basic concepts involved in thought about education,
and a consideration of the various methods for justifying educational
proposals. Typical of the issues discussed are: Are education and indoctri-
nation different? What is a liberal education? Are education and schooling
compatible? What do we need to learn? Alternate years.

18 PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE

An introductory examination of various philosophical issues and concepts
which are of special importance in legal contexts. Discussion includes both
general topics, such as the justification of punishment, and more specific
topics, such as the insanity defense and the rights of the accused. Readings
are arranged topically and include both classical and contemporary sources.

19 ETHICAL ISSUES IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

A philosophical investigation of some of the ethical issues which arise as a
result of contemporary medical and biological technology. Typical of these

109

issues are euthanasia, behavior control, patient rights, experimentation on
humans, fetal research, abortion, genetic engineering, population control
and distribution of health resources.

20 SYMBOLIC LOGIC

A study of modern symbolic logic and its application to the analysis of
arguments. Included are truth-functional relations, the logic of proposi-
tional functions and deductive systems. Attention is also given to various
topics in the philosophy of logic.

21 ANCIENT GREEK ETHICAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

An examination of the ethical and political views of Socrates, Plato and
Aristotle. Considerable attention is paid to the relationship between these
views and the social and intellectual milieu out of which they developed.
However, the primary emphasis is on understanding the philosophical
issues raised in selected Aristotelian and Platonic texts. Prerequisite: freshmen
must have instructor's permission. Alternate years.

22 HISTORY OF MODERN POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

An historical survey of the most important social and political philosophers
of the modern period. Particular attention is paid to the social contract
theories of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau, and some consideration will be
given to the political philosophies of Hegal, Marx and Mill. Prerequisite:
freshmen must have instructor's permission. Alternate years.

23 ANCIENT GREEK SCIENCE AND METAPHYSICS

An historical survey of the first attempts to understand the physical
universe scientifically. Particular attention is paid to the common origins of
philosophy and science in the works of the pre-Platonic philosophers, to the
question of how scientific and philosophical thinking is distinct from
mythological and technological thinking, and to the interaction between
philosophy and science in formulating the fundamental problems about the
physical universe and in developing and criticizing the various concepts
introduced in attempts to solve those problems. Prerequisite: freshmen must
have instructor's permission. Alternate years.

24 EARLY MODERN SCIENCE AND METAPHYSICS

An historical survey of the early modern attempt to understand the physical
universe. Particular attention is paid to the continuities and discontinuities
between early modern science and metaphysics and ancient Greek science
and metaphysics, to the rationalism-empiricism dispute in science and
metaphysics, and to the interaction between philosophy and science in
formulating fundamental questions about the physical universe and in
developing and criticizing concepts designed to answer them. Prerequisite:
freshmen must have instructor's permission. Alternate years.

31 PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOLOGY

Theories in psychology which attempt to explain human behavior seem to
conflict in various ways with religion, with common ideas about morality
and with common-sensical ways of explaining human behavior. This course
examines some of those conflicts philosophically. Prerequisite: students

110

without previous study in philosophy must have instructor's perrnission. Alternate
years.

32 PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

A philosophical examination of religion. Included are such topics as the
nature of religious discourse, arguments for and against the existence of
God, and the relation between religion and science. Readings from classical
and contemporary sources. Prerequisite: students without previous study in
philosophy must have instructor's permission. Alternate years.

33 PHILOSOPHY OF NATURAL SCIENCE

A consideration of philosophically important conceptual problems arising
from reflection about natural science, including such topics as the nature of
scientific laws and theories, the character of explanation, the import of
prediction, the existence of "non-observable" theoretical entities such as
electrons and genes, the problem of justifying induction and various
puzzles associated with probability. Prerequisite: students without previous
study in philosophy must have instructor's permission. Alternate years.

34 SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

A systematic philosophical investigation of the relation between human
nature and the proper social and political order. Topics studied include the
purpose of government, the nature of legitimate authority, the foundation
of human rights and the limits of human freedom. Emphasis is placed on
the logic of social and political thought and on the analysis of basic
principles and concepts. Prerequisite: students without previous study in
philosophy must have instructor's permission.

35 ETHICAL THEORY

An inquiry concerning the grounds which distinguish morally right from
morally wrong actions. Central to the course is critical consideration of the
proposals and the rationale of relativists, egoists, utilitarians and other
ethical theorists. Various topics in metaethics are also included. Prerequisite:
students without previous study in philosophy must have instructor's permission.

49 DEPARTMENTAL SEMINAR

An investigation, carried on by discussions and papers, into one
philosophical problem, text, philosopher or movement. A different topic is
selected each semester. Recent topics include Sidgwick's ethics, religious
language, Kierkegaard, legal punishment, Wittgenstein, personal identity
and human rights. This seminar is designed to provide junior and senior
philosophy majors and other qualified students with more than the usual
opportunity for concentrated and cooperative inquiry. Prerequisite: consent of
the instructor. This seminar may be repeated for credit.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

80 INDEPENDENT STUDY

Recent independent studies in philosophy include Nietzsche, moral educa-
tion, Rawls' theory of justice, existentialism, euthanasia, Plato's ethics and
philosophical aesthetics.

90 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS

111

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Associate Professor: Burch (Chairman)
Assistant Professor: Whitehall
Instructor: Holmes
Visiting Instructor: Hair

1 PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Coeducational physical education classes. Basic instructions in fundamen-
tals, knowledge and appreciation of sports that include swimming, tennis,
bowling, volleyball, archery, field hockey, soccer, golf, badminton, modern
dance, skiing, elementary games (for elementary teachers), toneastics,
physical fitness and other activities. Orienteering, backpacking, cross-
country and alpine skiing, jogging and cycling are offered on a contract
basis. Beginning swimming is required for all nonswimmers. Students may
select any activity offered. A reasonable degree of proficiency is required in
the activities. Emphasis is on the potential use of activities as recreational
and leisure-time interests. Two semesters of physical education (two hours
per week) are required. All physical education classes are open to men and
women.

POLITICAL SCIENCE

Associate Professor: Giglio, Roskin
Assistant Professor: Grogan (Chairman)
Part-time Instructor: Carlucci

The major is designed to provide a systematic understanding of government and
politics at the international, national, state and local levels. Majors are en-
couraged to develop their faculties to make independent, objective analyses
which can be applied to the broad spectrum of the social sciences.

Although the political science major is not designed as a vocational major,
students with such training may go directly into government service, journal-
ism, teaching or private administrative agencies. A political science major can
provide the base for the study of law, or for graduate studies leading to
administrative work in federal, state or local government, international or-
ganizations or college teaching. Students seeking certification to teach secon-
dary school social studies may major in political science but should consult their
advisors and the education department.

A major consists of eight political science courses, including Political
Science 15 and at least one course in each of the five areas (A to E) below.
Students entering the major as juniors or seniors may, with departmental
permission, substitute Political Science 20 for Political Science 15. To encourage
familiarity with other social sciences, at least two courses must be completed
from the following: American Studies 10; Business 35 and 36 (recommended for
pre-law); Economics 10, 11, 32, 45; History 24, 32, 33, 34; Philosophy 21, 22;
Sociology and Anthropology 26, 38.

15 INTRODUCTION TO POLITICS

The behavior and misbehavior of the political animal, man. Why he forms
political communities; how he may improve and destroy them. Required of
all political science majors; open to a limited number of other interested students.

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A. AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

10 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES

An introduction to American national government which emphasizes both
structural-functional analysis and policymaking processes. In addition to
the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government, attention will
be given to political parties and interest groups, elections and voting
behavior and constitutional rights. Recommended to all social science
education majors and to those students who have had inadequate or
insufficient preparation in American government.

11 STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

An examination of the general principles, major problems and political
processes of the states and their subdivisions, together with their role in a
federal type of government.

30 THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM

An analysis of the Supreme Court in the American system of government
with some attention paid to judicial decision making. Topics include:
judicial review, federalism, constitutional limits on legislative and executive
powers, elections and representation. Alternate years.

31 CIVIL RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES

What are our rights and liberties as Americans? What should they be? A
frank discussion of the nature and scope of the constitutional guarantees.
First Amendment rights, the rights of criminal suspects and defendants,
racial and sexual equality, and equal protection of the laws. Students will
read and brief the more important Supreme Court decisions. Prerequisite:
junior or senior standing or consent of instructor.

33 BUREAUCRACY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

What is a bureaucracy? Why and how do bureaucracies arise? What has
been the political impact of growth of bureaucracy in government? These
questions, among others, will be considered in this examination of public
bureaucracies. This course is highly recommended to students planning to
take an internship in city or county government through the political
science department.

B. AMERICAN POLITICS

22 POLITICAL PARTIES AND INTEREST GROUPS

An examination of the history, organization, functions and methods of
American political parties. Special attention is devoted to the role of
organized interest groups in the political process. Alternate years.

23 AMERICAN PRESIDENCY

A study of the office and powers of the president with analysis of his major
roles as chief administrator, legislator, political leader, foreign policy maker
and commander in chief. Special attention is given to those presidents who
led the nation boldly.

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24 THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS

A study of the role of the legislature in the framework of the national and
state governments. Consideration of the influence of the parties, pressure
groups, public opinion, constituencies, the "committee system," the "ad-
ministration" and the constitution in the lawmaking process. Alternate years.

28 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN PUBLIC POLICY I

An introduction to basic principles of policy analysis, including identi-
fication of contemporary public policy problems, alternative solutions,
formal government and other participants in the policy-making process
and evaluation of policy impact. Includes a detailed case-study analysis of
one major policy controversy. This is a one-half unit course (first
seven weeks of semester). Students wishing to register in a full unit course
should register for both PS 28 and PS 29; those wishing to register for a one-
half unit course only should register for PS 28. Alternate years.

29 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN PUBLIC POLICY II

A continuation of PS 28 with an emphasis on the variety of major issues in
public policy confronting American government and society. Includes a
detailed case-study analysis of one major public policy controversy (will
differ from that analyzed in PS 28). This is a one-half unit course (second
seven weeks of semester). Prerequisite: PS 28. Students wishing to register in a
full unit course should register for both PS 28 and PS 29. Alternate years.

32 THE POLITICS OF CITIES AND SUBURBS

An examination of the history, legal basis, power, forms, services and
problems of the cities and their suburbs, with special reference to current
experiments in the solution of the problems of metropolitan areas.

C. POLITICAL THEORY AND METHODOLOGY

35 LAW AND SOCIETY

An examination into the nature, sources, functions and limits of law as an
instrument of political and social control. Included for discussion are legal
problems pertaining to the family, crime, deviant behavior, poverty and
minority groups. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing or consent of instructor.

46 CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

The growth, development and current status of liberalism, conservatism,
nationalism, socialism, communism and fascism. Alternate years.

47 THE AMERICAN POLITICAL TRADITION

An examination of the significant ideas which have shaped the American
political tradition from their European origins to the present, with emphasis
on the influence of these ideas in the development of American democracy.
Special attention will be paid to an analysis of contemporary ideological
movements: Black power, new left and radical feminism. Alternate years.

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48 PUBLIC OPINION AND POLLING

A course dealing with the general topic and methodology of polling.
Content includes exploration of the processes by which people's political
opinions are formed, the manipulation of public opinion through the uses
of propaganda and the American response to politics and political issues.

D. COMPARATIVE POLITICS

20 EUROPEAN POLITICS

A study of the political systems of East and West Europe with emphasis on
comparison and patterns of government. The course will review politics in
Northern (Britain, West Germany, Sweden), Latin (France, Italy, Spain)
and Eastern (Soviet Union, East Germany, Yugoslavia) Europe and attempt
to find underlying similarities and differences.

26 POLITICAL CULTURES

An exploration of the "people" aspects of political life in several countries.
The way people interact with each other and with government, what they
expect from the system, how they acquire their political attitudes and styles
and how these contribute to the type of government. Alternate years.

38 POLITICS OF DEVELOPING AREAS

The causes and possible cures for socio-political backwardness in Asia,
Africa and Latin America. Alternate years.

E. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

25 WORLD POLITICS

Why is there war? An introduction to international relations with emphasis
on the varieties of conflicts which may grow into war.

27 CRISIS AREAS IN WORLD POLITICS

The study of several current areas of international tension and conflict,
including relations among the United States, Soviet Union and China, plus
the Middle East and whatever new danger spots arise over time. Alternate
years.

39 AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY

The U.S. role in the world in geographic, strategic, historical and ideological
perspectives, plus an examination of the domestic forces shaping U.S.
policy. Alternate years.

F. NON-AREA ELECTIVES

34 POLITICAL NEWSWRLTING

A workshop course in the reporting and rewriting of public affairs at the
local, national and international levels. There will be neither texts nor
examinations, but short written assignments will be due every class
meeting. Prerequisite: English 23 or 24 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

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G. SPECIAL PROGRAMS

70-79 INTERNSHIPS (See Index)

Students may receive academic credit for serving as interns in structured
learning situations with a wide variety of public and private agencies and
organizations. Students have served as interns with the Public Defender's
Office, the Lycoming County Court Administrator and the Williamsport city
government.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Current studies relate to elections — local, state and federal — while past
studies have included Soviet and world politics.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

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PSYCHOLOGY

Professor: Hancock

Assistant Professor: Berthold (Chairman)

Part-time Instructor: Vestermark

A major consists of Psychology 10, 31, 32, 36 and four other psychology courses.
Mathematics 13 also is required. In addition to the departmental requirements,
majors are urged to include courses in biology and sociology.

10 INTRODUCTORY PSYCHOLOGY

An introduction to the empirical study of human and other animal
behavior. Areas considered may include: learning, personality, social,
physiological, sensory, cognition and developmental.

12 GROUP PROCESSES AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

The introduction to the research and theory from social psychology related
to small group dynamics and interpersonal communication. Topics covered
will include communication processes, interpretation of motivation, con-
ceptualization of individual personalities, problem solving and leadership.
The first stage of the course will focus on research and theory; the second
half will emphasize the development of skills and techniques where
students become members of a self-analytic — practicing the skills and
making a case study of the processes involved. May term only.

15 ORGANIZATIONAL AND INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

The application of the principles and methods of pscyhology to selected
organizational and industrial situations. Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

16 ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY

An introduction to the patterns of deviant behavior with emphasis on
cause, function and treatment. The various models for the conceptualiza-
tion of abnormal behavior are critically examined. Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

17 DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

A study of the basic principles of early human growth and development.
Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

18 ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY

The study areas will include theories of adolescence; current issues raised
by as well as about the "generation of youth;" research findings bearing on
theories and issues of growth beyond childhood, and self-exploration.
Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

24 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

An examination of behavior in social contexts, including motivation,
perception, group processes and leadership, attitudes and methods of
research. Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

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31 LEARNING EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

Learning processes. The examination of the basic methods and principles of
animal and human learning. Prerequisite: Psychology 10, Mathematics 13.

32 SENSORY EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

The examination of psychophysical methodology and basic neu-
rophysiological methods as they are applied to the understanding of
sensory processes. Prerequisite: Psychology 10, Mathematics 23.

33 PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY

An introduction to the physiological psychologist's method of approach to
the understanding of behavior as well as the set of principles that relate the
function and organization of the nervous system to the phenomena of
behavior. The course emphasis is on the relationship between brain
function and the physiological bases of learning, perception and motiva-
tion. Laboratory experience includes both behavioral testing and basic
small-animal neurosurgical technique as well as histological methodology.
Prerequisite: Psychology 10 or consent of instructor.

34 PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT

Psychometric methods and theory, including scale transformation, norms,
standardization, validation procedures and estimation of reliability. Prere-
quisite: Psychology 10, Mathematics 13.

35 HISTORY AND SYSTEMS OF PSYCHOLOGY

The growth of scientific psychology and the theories and systems that have
accompanied its development. Prerequisite: four courses in psychology.

36 PERSONALITY THEORY

Theories of personality. A comparison of different theoretical views on the
development and functioning of personality. Examined in detail are three
general viewpoints of personality: psychoanalytic, stimulus-response (be-
havioristic) and phenomenological. Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

37 COGNITION

An investigation of human mental processes along the two major
dimensions of directed and undirected thought. Topic areas include:
recognition, attention, conceptualization, problem-solving, fantasy, lan-
guage, dreaming and creativity. Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

38 EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

An introduction to the empirical study of the teaching-learning process.
Areas considered may include educational objectives, pupil and teacher
characteristics, concept learning, problem solving and creativity, attitudes
and values, motivation, retention and transfer, evaluation and meas-
urement. Prerequisite: Psychology 10 or consent of instructor.

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39 BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION

A detailed examination of the applied analysis of behavior. Focus will be on
the application of experimental method to the individual clinical case. The
course will cover targeting, behavior, base-rating, intervention strategies
and outcome evaluation. Learning-based modification techniques such as
contingency management, counter-conditioning, extinction, discrimination
training, aversive conditioning and negative practice will be examined.
Prerequisite: Psychology 31 or consent of instructor.

41 PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN

A review of contemporary theory and research on the psychology of
women. Topics of discussion include the conflicts of women in today's
society, psychological sex differences, achievement motivation, the behav-
ioral effect of hormones and women in therapy. Prerequisite: Psychology 10.

48-49 PRACTICUM IN PSYCHOLOGY

An off-campus involvement in the application of psychological skills and
principles in institutional settings. The experience includes training in
behavior modification and traditional counseling techniques as applied in
prisons, mental health centers and schools for the mentally retarded.
Classroom training focuses on various therapeutic techniques and on
students' understanding of themselves in the counselor role. Prerequisite:
consent of instructor.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Internships give students an opportunity to relate on-campus academic
experiences to society in general and to their post-baccalaureate objectives
in particular. Students have, for example, worked in prisons, public and
private schools, county government and for the American Red Cross.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Independent Study is an opportunity for students to pursue special
interests in areas for which courses are not offered. In addition, students
have an opportunity to study a topic in more depth than is possible in the
regular classroom situation. Studies in the past have included child abuse,
counseling of hospital patients and research in the psychology of natural
disasters.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

Honors in Psychology requires original contributions to the literature of
psychology through independent study. The most recent honors project was
a study of the relationship between socio-economic status and visual vs.
auditory learning.

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RELIGION

Professor: Guerra

Associate Professor: Hughes (Chairman)

Assistant Professor: Robinson

A major consists of 10 courses including 11, 12, 13 and 14. At least seven courses
must be taken in the department. The following courses may be counted toward
fulfilling the major requirements: Greek 11 and 12, Hebrew 11 and 12, History
39 and 41, Philosophy 32 and Sociology 33.

11 DEATH AND DYING

A study of death from personal, social and universal standpoints with
emphasis upon what the dying may teach the living. Principal issues are the
stages of dying, bereavement, suicide, funeral conduct and the religious
doctrines of death and immortality. Course includes, as optional, practical
projects with terminal patients under professional supervision.

12 RELIGION AND THE SPIRIT OF SCIENCE

A comparison of the approaches taken by religion and science toward such
topics as: evolution, psychic phenomena, primitive creation myths, modern
astronomy, depth psychology and the concept of "revelation." The role of
"faith," "fact" and "intuition" in each discipline will be examined. Scien-
tists, engineers and technicians will be invited to share their views informal-
ly with the class.

13 OLD TESTAMENT FAITH AND HISTORY

A critical examination of the literature within its historical setting and in the
light of archeological findings to show the faith and religious life of the
Hebrew-Jewish community in the biblical period, and an introduction to the
history of interpretation with an emphasis on contemporary Old Testament
criticism and theology.

14 NEW TESTAMENT FAITH AND HISTORY

A critical examination of the literature within its historical setting to show
the faith and religious life of the Christian community in the biblical period,
and an introduction to the history of interpretation with an emphasis on
contemporary New Testament criticism and theology.

22 PROTESTANTISM IN THE MODERN WORLD

An examination of changing Protestant thought and life from Luther to the
present against the backdrop of a culture rapidly changing from the 17th
Century scientific revolution to Marxism, Darwinism and depth psy-
chology. Special attention will be paid to the constant interaction between
Protestantism and the world in which it finds itself.

23 AFRICAN RELIGIONS

An examination of the integrated life of the Black man in Africa before it was
altered by Western imperialism. We will emphasize the "religious" side of
the African's life, examining the way in which it is interwoven with his daily

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activities from before his birth to after his death. Some attention will be
given to Western influences on this traditional lifestyle.

24 JUDAISM AND ISLAM

An examination of the rise, growth and expansion of Judaism and Islam
with special attention given to the theological contents of the literatures of
these religions as far as they are normative in matters of faith, practice and
organization. Also, a review of their contributions to the spiritual heritage
of mankind.

25 ORIENTAL RELIGION

A phenomenological study of the basic content of Hinduism, Buddhism and
Chinese Taoism with special attention to social and political relations,
mythical and aesthetic forms, and the East-West dialogue.

28 HISTORY AND CULTURE OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST

A study of the history and culture of Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Syria-
Palestine and Egypt from the rise of the Sumerian culture to Alexander the
Great. Careful attention will be given to the religious views prevalent in the
ancient Near East as far as these views interacted with the culture and faith
of Biblical man.

30 PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION

A study into the broad insights of psychology in relation to the phenomena
of religion and religious behavior. The course concentrates on religious
experience or manifestations rather than concepts. Tenative solutions will
be sought to questions such as: What does it feel like to be religious or to
have a religious experience? What is the religious function in human
development? How does one think psychologically about theological prob-
lems?

31 CHRISTIAN SOCIAL ETHICS

A study of Christian ethics as a normative perspective for contemporary
moral problems with emphasis upon the interaction of law and religion,
decision making in the field of biomedical practice, and the reconstruction
ot society in a planetary civilization.

32 CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS IN CHRISTIAN SOCIAL ETHICS

An examination of the approach of religion and other disciplines to an issue
of current concern; current topics include the theological significance of law,
the ethics of love and the holocaust. The course may be repeated for credit.

33 ROMAN CATHOLIC THOUGHT

The development of Thomism, Neo-Thomism and Transcendental Thom-
ism; limited attention given to pastoral and ecclesiological issues in the post-
conciliar era after Vatican II.

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37 BIBLICAL TOPICS

An in-depth study of Biblical topics related to the Old and New Testaments.
Topics include prophecy, wisdom, literature, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the
teachings of Jesus, Pauline theology, Judaism and Christian origins, redac-
tion criticism — the way the Synoptic Gospels and John give final form to
their message. Course will vary from year to year and may be taken for credit a
second time if the topic is different from one previously studied.

41 CONTEMPORARY RELIGIOUS ISSUES

A study of the theological significance of some contemporary intellectual
developments in western culture. The content of this course will vary from
year to year. Subjects studied in recent years include: the theological
significance of Freud, Marx and Nietzsche; Christianity and existentialism;
theology and depth psychology, the religious dimension of contemporary
literature.

42 THE NATURE AND MISSION OF THE CHURCH

A study of the nature of the church as "The People of God" with reference
to the Biblical, Protestant, Orthodox and Roman Catholic traditions.

43 THE EDUCATIONAL MINISTRY OF THE CHURCH

A study of religious education as a function of the church with special
attention given to the nature and objectives of Christian education, methods
of teaching religion and the relations between faith and learning.

46 BIBLE, ARCHEOLOGY AND FAITH

A study of the role of archeology in reconstructing the world in which the
Biblical literature originated with special attention given to archeological
results that throw light on the clarification of the Biblical text. Also, an
introduction to basic archeological method and a study in depth of several
representative excavations along with the artifacts and material culture
recovered from different historical periods.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Interns in religion usually work in local churches under the supervision of
the pastor and a member of the faculty.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Current study areas are in the biblical languages, New Testament theology,
comparative religions and the ethics of technology.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

A recent project was on the theology of hope with reference to the thought
of Ernst Bloch and Alfred North Whitehead.

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SOCIOLOGY-ANTHROPOLOGY

Professor: McCrary

Associate Professor: Wilk

Assistant Professor: Jo (Chairman), McGuire, Strauser

Part-time Instructor: Slotter

A major consists of Sociology- Anthropology 10, 14, 16, 44, 47 and three other
courses within the department with the exception of 15, 23 and 40. Religion 46
may also be counted toward the major. Sociology-Anthropology majors are
encouraged to participate in the internship program.

10 INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY

An introduction to the problems, concepts and methods in sociology today,
including analysis of stratification, organization of groups and institutions,
social movements and deviants in social structure.

14 INTRODUCTION TO ANTHROPOLOGY

An introduction to the subfields of anthropology; its subject matter,
methodology and goals. Examination of biological and cultural evolution,
the fossil evidence for human evolution and questions raised in relation to
human evolution. Other topics include race, human nature, primate
behavior and prehistoric cultural development.

15 INTRODUCTION TO AMERICAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

An introduction to the role of law enforcement, courts and corrections in the
administration of justice; the historical development of police, courts and
corrections; jurisdiction and procedures of courts; an introduction to the
studies, literature and research in criminal justice, careers in criminal
justice.

6 CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

An examination of cultural and social anthropology designed to familiarize
the student with the analytical approaches to the diverse cultures of the
world. The relevancy of cultural anthropology for an understanding of the
human condition will be stressed. Topics to be covered include: the nature
of primitive societies in contrast to civilizations, the concept of culture and
cultural relativism, the individual and culture, the social patterning of
behavior and social control, an anthropological perspective on the culture of
the United States.

20 MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY

The history, structure and functions of modern American family life,
emphasizing dating, courtship, factors in marital adjustment and the
changing status of family members. Prerequisite: Sociology -Anthropology 10 or
consent of instructor.

21 JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

A multidisciplinary approach to the study of the constellation of factors that
relate to juvenile delinquency causation, handling the juvenile delinquent

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in the criminal justice system, treatment strategies, prevention and com-
munity responsibility. Prerequisite: Sociology- Anthropology 10 or consent of
instructor.

22 PEOPLES AND CULTURES OF MEXICO

Examination of the diverse cultures of Mesoamerica from preconquest
indigenous peoples to modern Mexican state, including the rise and fall of
Aztec and Maya civilization, transformation from primitive agriculturalist to
peasant, concepts of folk society and culture of poverty; an analysis of
contemporary problems of rural Mexico, and the role of peasants in modern
revolutionary movements. Offered at least once every three years.

23 INTRODUCTION TO LAW ENFORCEMENT

Principles, theories and doctrines of the law of crimes, elements in crime,
analysis of criminal investigation, important case law. Prerequisite: Sociology-
Anthropology 15 or consent of instructor.

24 RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES

The concept of community is treated as it operates and affects individual
and group behavior in rural, suburban and urban settings. Emphasis is
placed upon characteristic institutions and problems of modern city life.
Prerequisite: Sociology -Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

26 SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

An analysis of the dynamics, structure and reaction to social movements
with focus on contemporary social movements. Prerequisite: Sociology-
Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

27 SOCIALIZATION THROUGH THE LIFE SPAN

Examination of the relationship between the individual and society in the
development of behavior potentials of groups and cultures. The course will
study the continual process of learning how to be "human," which occurs
throughout the life span. A cross-cultural approach is utilized to examine
the process of acquisition of skills, motives and attitudes necessary for role
performance in childhood and adolescence with an emphasis on young
adulthood, adulthood, middle age and old age. Life span developmental
theory will be used in conjunction with socialization theory and role theory.
Prerequisite: Sociology-Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

28 AGING AND SOCIETY

Analysis of cross-cultural characteristics of the aged as individuals and as
members of groups. Emphasis is placed upon variables: health, housing,
socio-economic status, personal adjustment, retirement and social partici-
pation. Sociological, social psychological and anthropological frames of
reference utilized in analysis and description of aging and its relationship to
society, culture and personality.

29 20TH CENTURY CHINESE SOCIETY

An analysis of the interaction between the individual and society under-

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going rapid social change in the Chinese cultural context. Topics include
Confucian examination system and social mobility, the traditional Chinese
village and family, origins of Chinese Marxism and how it has been
implemented in social institutions of The People's Republic of China.
Alternate years.

30 CRIMINOLOGY

Analysis of the sociology of law, conditions under which criminal laws
develop, etiology of crime, epidemiology of crime, including explanation of
statistical distribution of criminal behavior in terms of time, space and social
location. Prerequisite: Sociology- Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

31 SOCIOLOGY OF WOMEN

A sociological examination of the role of women in American society
through an analysis of the social institutions which affect their develop-
ment. Role analysis theory will be applied to the past, present and future
experience of women as it relates to the role options of society as a whole.
Students will do an original research project on the role of women.
Prerequisite: Sociology-Anthropology 10. Alternate years.

32 INSTITUTIONS

Introduces the student to the sociological concept of social institution, the
types of social institutions to be found in all societies and the interrela-
tionships between the social institutions within a society. The course is
divided into two basic parts: 1. That aspect which deals with the systematic
organization of society in general, and 2. The concentration on a particular
social institution: economic, political, educational or social welfare. Prere-
quisite: Sociology -Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

33 SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION

An examination of the major theories of the relationship of religion to
society and a survey of sociological studies of religious behavior. Prere-
quisite: Sociology- Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

34 RACIAL AND CULTURAL MINORITIES

Study of racial, cultural and national groups within the framework of
American cultural values. An analysis will include historical, cultural and
social factors underlying ethnic and racial conflict. Field trips and individual
reports are part of the requirements for the course. Prerequisite: Sociology-
Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

35 CULTURE AND PERSONALITY

Introduction to psychological anthropology, its theories and method-
ologies. Emphasis will be placed on the relationship between individual and
culture, national character, cognition and culture, culture and mental
disorders and cross-cultural considerations of the concept of self. Prere-
quisite: Sociology -Anthropology 16 or consent of instructor. Offered at least once
every three years.

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36 THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF PRIMITIVE RELIGIONS

The course will familiarize the student with the wealth of anthropological
data on the religions and world views developed by primitive peoples. The
functions of primitive religion in regard to the individual, society and
various cultural institutions will be examined. Subjects to be surveyed
include myth, witchcraft, vision quests, spirit possession, the cultural use of
dreams and revitalization movements. Particular emphasis will be given to
shamanism, transcultural religious experience and the creation of cultural
realities through religions. Both a social scientific and existentialist per-
spective will be employed. Prerequisite: Sociology-Anthropology 16 or consent of
instructor. Alternate years.

37 THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF AMERICAN INDIANS

An ethnographic survey of native North American Indian and Eskimo
cultures, such as the Iroquois, Plains Indians, Pueblos, Kwakiutl and
Netsilik. Changes in native lifeways due to European contacts and United
States expansion will be considered. Recent cultural developments among
American Indians will be placed in an anthropological perspective. Offered
at least once every three years.

38 LEGAL AND POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

The course is designed to familiarize the student with the techniques of
conflict resolution and the utilization of public power in primitive society as
well as the various theories of primitive law and government. The rise of the
state and an anthropological perspective on modern law and government
will be included. The concepts of self- regulation and social control, legit-
imacy, coercion and exploitation will be the organizing focus. Prerequisite:
Sociology -Anthropology 16 or consent of instructor. Alternate years.

39 THE AMERICAN PRISON SYSTEM

Nature and history of punishment, evolution of the prison and prison
methods with emphasis on prison community, prison architecture, institu-
tional programs, inmate rights and sentences. Review of punishment vs.
treatment, detention facilities, jails, reformatories, prison organization and
administration, custody and discipline. Prerequisite: Sociology- Anthropology
15.

40 PROBATION AND PAROLE

A course designed for the advanced criminal justice major. While the course
concerns the study of probation and parole as parts of the criminal justice
system and their impact on the system as a whole, the primary emphasis is
the impact on the offender. Particular attention is given to diagnostic report
writing on offenders, pre-sentence investigation, offender classification and
parole planning. Prerequisites: Sociology-Anthropology 15 and 39. Alternate
years.

41 SOCIAL STRATIFICATION

An analysis of stratification systems with specific reference to American
society. The course will include an analysis of poverty, wealth and power in
the United States. Particular attention will be given to factors which

126

generate and maintain inequality, along with the impacts of inequality on
the lives of Americans. Prerequisite: Sociology-Anthropology 10 or consent of
instructor.

42 INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL WORK

Consideration of basic social work concepts, principles and techniques of
interviewing, individual case work, group work and community organiza-
tion, development of skills and techniques of social work applied to the
correctional setting. Prerequisite: Sociology-Anthropology 10 or consent of in-
structor.

43 ALTERNATIVE LIFE STYLES

Analysis of new life styles in American society: life styles of minority groups
and others who are considered by society to be nonconforming. Examina-
tion of the challenges to conformity and ramifications of nonconformity in
American society. Will include an inquiry into behavior which has his-
torically been labeled deviant, covering such topics as: mental illness,
addiction to alcohol and narcotics, homosexuality and prostitution. Prere-
quisite: Sociology-Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

44 SOCIAL THEORY

The history of the development of sociological thought from its earliest
philosophical beginnings is treated through discussions and reports. Em-
phasis is placed upon sociological thought since the time of Comte.

Prerequisite: Sociology -Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

45 ANTHROPOLOGICAL THEORY

The history of the development of anthropological thought from the 18th
Century to the present. Emphasis is placed upon anthropological thought
since 1850. Topics include evolutionism, historical-particularism, cultural
idealism, cultural materialism, functionalism, structuralism and
ethnoscence. Prerequisite: Sociology- Anthropology 16 or consent of instructor.
Offered at least once every three years.

46 PEOPLE AND CULTURES OF THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST

Field experience in the analysis of tri-cultural communities of Northern
New Mexico, Southern Colorado and Northeastern Arizona, including the
Eastern Pueblos of New Mexico, Zuni Navajo and Apache reservations,
isolated Spanish-American mountain villages of Northern New Mexico,
religious ashrams and communes, and cities of the Southwest and Juarez,
Mexico. Emphasis upon Taos, Rio Arriba, Santa Fe and Los Alamos
counties of New Mexico. Prerequisite: Sociology 10 or consent of instructor. May
or summer only.

47 RESEARCH METHODS IN SOCIOLOGY-ANTHROPOLOGY

Study of the research process in sociology-anthropology. Attention is given
to the process of designing and administerting research and the application
of research. Different methodological skills are considered, including field
work, questionnaire construction and other methods of data gathering and
the analysis of data. Prerequisite: Sociology-Anthropology 10 and Mathematics 13
or consent of instructor.

127

48-49 PRACTICUM IN SOCIOLOGY

Introduces the student to a practical work experience involving community
agencies in order to effect a synthesis of the student's academic course work
and its practical applications in a community agency. Specifics of the course
to be worked out in conjunction with department, student and agency.
Prerequisite: Sociology- Anthropology 10 or consent of instructor.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Interns in sociology-anthropology typically work off campus with social
service agencies under the supervision of administrators. However, other
internship experiences, such as with the Lycoming County Historical
Museum, are available.

Interns in criminal justice work off campus in criminal justice agencies,
such as penal insitutions and probation and parole departments, under the
supervision of administrative personnel.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

An opportunity to pursue specific interests and topics not usually covered
in regular courses. Through a program of readings and tutorials, the
student will have the opportunity to pursue these interests and topics in
greater depth than is usually possible in a regular course.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)

128

THEATRE

Professor: Falk (Chairman)
Associate Professor: G. Dartt
Part-rime Instructor: B. Dartt

The major consists of eight courses, except Theatre 1, wth a concentration in
acting, directing or design. The fine arts requirement may be satisfied by
selecting any two courses, except Theatre 1. In addition to the departmental
requirements, majors are urged to include courses in art, music, psychology and
English.

1 FUNDAMENTALS OF ORAL COMMUNICATION

The dynamics of oral communication. The development of elementary
principles of simple oral communication through lectures, prepared assign-
ments in speaking and informal class exercises. Utilizes video tape se-
quences for "instant feedback" to students.

10 INTRODUCTION TO THEATRE

Designed as a comprehensive introduction to the aesthetics of theatre. From
the spectator's point of view, the nature of theatre will be explored,
including dramatic literature and the integrated functioning of acting,
directing and all production aspects.

11 INTRODUCTION TO FILM

A basic course in understanding the film medium. The class will investigate
film technique through lectures and by viewing regular weekly films chosen
from classic, contemporary and experimental short films.

12 HISTORY OF THEATRE I

A detailed study of the development of theatre from the Greeks to the
Restoration. Alternate years.

13 HISTORY OF THEATRE II

The history of the theatre from 1660. Alternate years.

14 ORAL INTERPRETATION OF LITERATURE

The fundamental principles and methods of oral reading and the interpreta-
tion of literature are introduced. Materials will be chosen from poetry,
prose, the novel and drama. Alternate years.

15 PLAYWRITING AND DRAMATIC CRITICISM

An investigation of the techniques of playwriting with an emphasis on
creative writing, culminating in a written one-act play, plus an historical
survey of dramatic criticism from Aristotle to the present with emphasis
upon developing the student's ability to write reviews and criticism of
theatrical productions and films. Alternate years.

129

18 PLAY PRODUCTION FOR COMMUNITY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Stagecraft and the various other aspects of play production are introduced.
Through material presented in the course and laboratory work on the Arena
Theatre stage, the student will acquire experience to produce theatrical
scenery for community and secondary school theatre.

24 INTRODUCTION TO ACTING

An introductory study of the actor's preparation with emphasis on develop-
ing the actor's creative imagination through improvisations and scene
study.

26 INTRODUCTION TO DIRECTING

An introductory study of the function of the director in preparation,
rehearsal and performance. Emphasis is placed on developing the student's
ability to analyze scripts, and on the development of the student's imagina-
tion.

28 INTRODUCTION TO SCENE DESIGN AND STAGECRAFT

An introduction to the theatre with an emphasis on stagecraft. The
productions each semester serve as the laboratory to provide the practical
experience necessary to understand the material presented in the
classroom.

29 MARIONETTE PRODUCTION

Introduces the construction, costuming and performing of a play through
the medium of string puppets. Alternate years.

31 ADVANCED TECHNIQUES OF PLAY PRODUCTION

A detailed consideration of the interrelated problems and techniques of play
analysis, production styles and design. Offered summer only.

34 INTERMEDIATE STUDIO: ACTING

Instruction and practice in character analysis and projection with emphasis
on vocal and body techniques.

35 THEORIES OF THE MODERN THEATRE

An advanced course exploring the philosophical roots of the modern theatre
from the birth of realism to the present and the influences on modern
theatre practice. Selected readings from Nietzsche, Marx, Jung, Freud,
Whitehead, Kierkegaard, Sartre, Camus, Antoine, Copeau, Stanislavski,
Shaw, Meyerhold, Artaud, Brecht, Brook, Grotowski. Alternate years.

36 INTERMEDIATE STUDIO: DIRECTING

Emphasis is placed on the student's ability to function in preparation and
rehearsal. Practical experience involves the directing of two one-act plays
from the contemporary theatre.

130

38 INTERMEDIATE STUDIO: SCENE AND LIGHTING DESIGN

The theory of stage and lighting design with emphasis on their practical
application to the theatre.

40 MASTERS OF WORLD DRAMA

An intensive and detailed analysis of the plays and related works, including
criticism of great authors that have shaped world theatre. Authors to be
selected on the basis of interest of students and faculty. At times, more than
one author will be treated in a term. Ibsen, Brecht, Moliere, Williams,
Albee. Alternate years. May be accepted toward English major with consent of
English department.

42 ADVANCED STUDIO: COSTUME DESIGN

The theory of costuming for the stage, elements of design, planning,
production and construction of costumes for the theatre. Students will
participate in the design of a production.

43 ADVANCED STUDIO: PROPERTIES DESIGN

The theory of properties design for the stage, including the production of
specific properties for staging use. Elements of design, fabrication and the
construction of properties employing a variety of materials and the applica-
tion of new theatrical technology.

44 ADVANCED STUDIO: ACTING

Preparation of monologues and two-character scenes, contemporary and
classical. The student will appear in major campus productions.

46 ADVANCED STUDIO: DIRECTING

Emphasis will be placed on the student's ability to produce a major three-
act play from the script to the stage for public performance.

48 ADVANCED STUDIO: DESIGN

Independent work in conceptual and practical design. The student will
design one full production as his major project.

70-79 INTERNSHIP (See Index)

Interns in theatre work off campus in theatres such as the Guthrie Theatre,
Minneapolis, and at the New Jersey Shakespeare Festival.

80-89 INDEPENDENT STUDY (See Index)

Some recent independent studies have been the roles of women as
characters in drama, scene design and lighting design for an Arena
production.

90-99 INDEPENDENT STUDY FOR DEPARTMENTAL HONORS (See Index)
A typical study could be the writing and production of an original play.

131

CHAPTER VII
COLLEGE DIRECTORY

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

OFFICERS

W. Gibbs McKenney, LL.D Chairman

Nathan W. Stuart, J.D Vice Chairman

Paul G. Gilmore Secretary

William L . Baker Treasurer

Fred A. Pennington, LL.D Chairman Emeritus

HONORARY TRUSTEES

Bishop Hermann W. Kaebnick, D.D., L.H.D., LL.D Hershey

Ralph E. Kelchner Jersey Shore

Arnold A. Phipps, II Williamsport

Mrs. Donald G. Remley Williamsport

George L. Stearns, II Williamsport

TRUSTEES

Term Expires 1981
Elected

1978 Howard C. Beach Sarasota, FL

1969 Samuel H. Evert Bloomsburg

1972 The Rev. Brian A. Fetterman Harrisburg

1978 Harold D. Hershberger, Jr Williamsport

1969 Kenneth E. Himes Williamsport

1978 John C. Lundy Williamsport

1978 Ms. Onalee R. Sabin Elmira, NY

(Alumni Representative)

1978 John Y. Schreyer Little Falls, NJ

1978 M. L. Sharrah, Ph.D New Canaan, CT

1972 Harold H. Shreckengast, Jr Jenkintown

Term Expires 1982
Elected

1979 David Y. Brouse Williamsport

1951 Paul G. Gilmore Williamsport

1978 Mrs. Robert B. Jones Caledonia, NY

1973 Robert G. Little, M.D Harrisburg

1979 David J. Loomis, Ph.D Troy

(Alumni Representative)

1964 W. Gibbs McKenney, LL.D Baltimore, MD

1973 G. Jackson Miller Altoona

1958 Fred A. Pennington, LL.D Mechanicsburg

1979 The Rev. Walter M. Schell Montoursville

1961 The Rev. Wallace F. Stettler, HH.D Kingston

132

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

Term Expires 1983
Elected

1980 Richard W. DeWald Montoursville

1974 Daniel G. Fultz Pittsford, NY

1980 David M. Heiney, Ed.D Hughesville

(Alumni Representative)

1965 James G. Law, D. Text. Sci Bloomsburg

1970 John E. Person, Jr Williamsport

1965 Hon. Herman T. Schneebeli Williamsport

1972 Donald E. Shearer, M.D Montoursville

1961 Nathan W. Stuart, J.D Williamsport

1971 Willis W. Willard, III, M.D Hershey

1958 W. Russell Zacharias Allentown

133

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF

FREDERICK E. BLUMER (1976) President

B.A., Millsapis College; B.D., Ph.D., Emory University
SHIRLEY VAN MARTER (1979) Dean of the College

B.A., Mundelein College; M.A., Northwestern University

M.A., Ph.D., University of Chicago
WILLIAM L. BAKER (1965) Treasurer

B.S., Lycoming College
JACK C. BUCKLE (1957) Dean of Student Services

A.B., Juniata College; M.S., Syracuse University
GEORGE P. FLrNT (1977) Director of Institutional Relations

A.B., Bowdoin College; A.M., P.D., Columbia University
JOHN W. BETLYON (1980) Campus Minister

B.A., Bucknell University; S.T.M., Ph.D., Harvard University

RUSSELL A. BLOODGOOD (1969) Manager of Food Services

DALE V. BOWER (1968) Director of Alumni Affairs

B.S., Lycoming College; B.D., United Theological Seminary
CLARENCE W. BURCH (1962) Director of Athletics

B.S, M.Ed., University of Pittsburgh
LOUISE A. CALIGIURI (1978) Assistant Dean of Student Services

B.S., M.S., Duquesne University
PHILIP D. CHRISTMAN (1979) Assistant Dean of Admissions

B.A., Bloomsburg State College
ROBERT L. CURRY, JR. (1972) Assistant in Athletics

A.B., Lycoming College
DEBRA A. D'AGUILLO (1976) Associate Dean of Student Services

B.A., SUNY at Binghamton; M.S., SUNY at Albany;

Ed.S., SUNY at Albany
ROBERT A. DOYLE (1978) Director of Admissions

B.A., Juniata College

ROBERT L. EDDINGER (1967) Director of Buildings & Grounds

ROBERT J. GLUNK (1965) Registrar and Assistant to the Dean

A.B., Lycoming College; M.A., The Pennsylvania State University
THOMAS J. HENNINGER (1966) Director of Computer Services

B.S., Wake Forest College; M.A., University of Kansas
MARY E. HERRING (1978) Assistant Director of Admissions

B.A., Albright College
RICHARD A. HUGHES (1970) Chaplain of the College

B.A., Indiana Central College; S.T.B., Ph.D., Boston University
HAROLD H. HUTSON (1969) President Emeritus

B.A., LL.D., Wofford College; B.D., Duke University

Ph.D., University of Chicago; L.H.D., Ohio Wesleyan University
DOUGLAS J. KEIPER (1970) Assistant Director of Admissions

A.B., Lycoming College; M.Ed., The Pennsylvania State University
WELLES B. LOBB (1980) Assistant Director of Public Relations

B.S., Mansfield State College
JACK D. MURPHY (1978) Systems Analyst

B.S., M.S. Drexel University
BETTY J. PARIS (1963) Recorder

A.B., Lycoming College

134

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

JULIANN T. PAWLAK (1979) Director of Student Financial Aid

B.A., Lycoming College; M.A., Bucknell University
WILLIAM H. RUPP (1979) Director of Public Relations

B.A., M.A., The Pennsylvania State University

DOROTHY ). STREETER (1946) Book Store Manager

BETTY JUNE SW ANGER (1961) Director of Accounting Services

CHARLES E. WEYANT (1971) Director of Library Services

B.A., The American University; M.S., Simmons College
THOMAS P. WOZNIAK (1979) Assistant Dean of Student Services

B.A., Merrimack College; M.Ed., Worcester State College
RALPH E. ZEIGLER, JR. (1980) Assistant Director of Admissions

A.B., Lycoming College; M.A., The Pennsylvania State University

MEDICAL STAFF

FREDERIC C. LECHNER, M.D College Physician

B.S., Franklin and Marshall College;

M.D., Jefferson Medical College
RICHARD MAYS, M.D Psychiatrist

B.A., The Pennsylvania State University;

M.D., Jefferson Medical College
ROBERT S. YASUI, M.D College Surgeon

M.D., Temple University
EMALINE W. DEIBERT, R.N College Nurse

Williamsport Hospital School of Nursing
EVELYN L. SEAMAN, R.N College Nurse

Williamsport Hospital School of Nursing

UNITED CAMPUS MINISTRY

ROGER ALLING, JR. (1978) Chaplain to Episcopal Students

B.A., Kenyon College; B.Ltt., Diploma in Theology, Oxford University
PETER S. ELY (1978) Chaplain to Baptist Students

B.S., Muhlenberg College; M.Div., Vanderbilt University
JAMES W. GRUBB (1977) Chaplain to United Methodist Students

A.B., Albright College; M.Div., United Theological Seminary
DALE E. JOHNSON (1978) Chaplain to Lutheran Students

B.A., Thiel College; M.Div., Lutheran Theological Seminary
DAVID L. REED (1977) Chaplain to United Methodist Students

A.B., Lycoming College; M.Div., United Theological Seminary
WILLIAM J. RUMSEY (1978) Chaplain to Presbyterian Students

B.A., Maryville College; M.Div., Pittsburgh Theological Seminary
DERWOOD A. STRUNK, JR. (1977) .. Chaplain to United Methodist Students

A.B., Lycoming College; M.Div., Lancaster Theological Seminary
JOHN J. TAMALIS (1976) Chaplain to Roman Catholic Students

B.S., University of Scran ton

135

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

FACULTY

EMERITI

MABEL K. BAUER Professor Emeritus of Chemistry

B.S., Cornell University; M.S., University of Pennsylvania

DAVID G . BUSEY Associate Professor Emeritus of

Physical Education

B.S., M.S., University of Illinois

LEROY F. DERR Professor Emeritus of Education

A.B., Ursinus College; M.A., Bucknell University

Ed.D., University of Pittsburgh
ROBERT H. EWING Professor Emeritus of History

A.B., College of Wooster; M.A., University of Michigan

HH.D., Lycoming College
W. ARTHUR FAUS Professor Emeritus of Philosophy

A.B., Dickinson College; S.T.B., Ph.D., Boston University
PHIL G. GILLETTE Associate Professor Emeritus of Spanish

A.B., Ohio University; M.A., Columbia University
JOHN P. GRAHAM Professor Emeritus of English

Ph.B., Dickinson College; M.Ed., The Pennsylvania State University

HAROLD W. HAYDEN Librarian Emeritus

and Professor Emeritus of Library Services

A.B., Nebraska State Teachers College; B.S., University of Illinois;

M.A. in L.S., University of Michigan
GEORGE W. HOWE Professor Emeritus of Geology

A.B., M.S., Syracuse University; Ph.D., Cornell Universih/
M. RAYMOND JAMISON Assistant Professor Emeritus of Physics

B.S., Ursinus College; M.S., Bucknell University
WALTER G. McIVER Professor Emeritus of Music

Mus.B., Westminster Choir College;

A.B., Bucknell Universih/; M.A., Neiv York Universih/
LORING B. PRIEST Professor Emeritus of History

Litt.B., Rutgers Universih/; M.A., Ph.D., Harvard Universih/

DONALD G. REMLEY Assistant Professor Emeritus of

Mathematics and Physics

A.B., Dickinson College; M.A., Columbia Universih/
MARY LANDON RUSSELL Associate Professor Emeritus of Music

Mus.B., Susquehanna Universih/ Conservatory of Music;

M.A., The Pennsylvania State University
LOUISE R. SCHAEFFER Associate Professor Emeritus of Education

A.B., Lycoming College; M.A., Bucknell University

D.Ed., The Pennsylvania State University
JAMES W. SHEAFFER Associate Professor Emeritus of Music

B.S., Indiana University of Pennsylvania;

M.S., Universih/ of Pennsylvania
FRANCES K. SKEATH Professor Emeritus of Mathematics

A.B., M.A., Bucknell Universih/

D.Ed., The Pennsylvania State University
JOHN A. STUART Professor Emeritus of English

B.A., William Jezoell College; M.A., Ph.D., Northwestern University
HELEN B. WEIDMAN Professor Emeritus of Political Science

A.B., M.A., Bucknell University; Ph.D., Syracuse University

136

COLLEGE DIRECTORY
PROFESSORS

ROBERT F. FALK (1970) Theatre

B.A., B.D., Drezv University; Marshal of the College

M.A., Ph.D., Wayne State University

MORTON A. FINEMAN (1966) Physics

A.B., Indiana University; Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh
EDUARDO GUERRA (I960)** Religion

B.D., Southern Methodist University;

S.T.M., Ph.D., Union Theological Seminary
JOHN G. HANCOCK (1967) Psychology

B.S., M.S., Bucknell University;

Ph.D., The Pennsylvania State University
JOHN G. HOLLENBACK (1952) Business Administration

B.S., M.B.A., University of Pennsylvania
JAMES K. HUMMER (1962) Chemistry

B.N.S., Tufts University; M.S., Middlebury College;

Ph.D., University of North Carolina
JACK S. McCRARY (1969) Sociology

B.A., M.A., Southern Methodist University;

Ph.D., Washington University
ROGER W. OPDAHL (1963) Economics

A.B., Hofstra University; M.A., Columbia University;

D.Ed., The Pennsylvania State University
ROBERT W. RABOLD (1955) Economics

B.A., The Pennsylvania State University;

M.A., Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh'
JOHN A. RADSPINNER (1957) Chemistry

B.S., University of Richmond; M.S., Virginia Polytechnic Institute;

D.Sc, Carnegie-Mellon University
LOGAN A. RICHMOND (1954) Accounting

B.S., Lycoming College; M.B.A., New York University;

C.P.A., (Pennsylvania)
SHIRLEY A. VAN MARTER (1979) Dean of the College

B.A., Mundelein College; M.A., Northwestern University; English

M.A., Ph.D., University of Chicago

On Sabbatical Fall Semester 1980-81
On Sabbatical Spring Semester 1980-81
On Sabbatical Academic Year 1980-81

137

COLLEGE DIRECTORY
ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS

ROBERT B. ANGSTADT (1967) Biology

B.S., Ursinus College; M.S., Ph.D., Cornell University
CLARENCE W. BURCH (1962) Physical Education

B.S., M.Ed., University of Pittsburgh
GARY E. DARTT (1969) Theatre

B.S., Augustana College; M.F.A., University of Minnesota
BERNARD P. FLAM (1963) Spanish

A.B., Neiv York University; M.A., Harvard University;

Ph.D., University of Wisconsin
WILLIAM D. FORD (1972) English

B.A., Occidental College; M.A., M.F.A., Ph.D., University of Iowa
DAVID A. FRANZ (1970)*** " Chemistry

A.B., Princeton University; M.A.T., The Johns Hopkins University;

Ph.D., University of Virginia
CHARLES L. GETCHELL (1967) Mathematics

B.S., University of Massachusetts; M.A., Ph.D., Hari'ard University
ERNEST D. GIGLIO (1972)* Political Science

B.A., Queens College; M.A., SUNY at Albany;

Ph.D., Syracuse University
STEPHEN R. GRIFFITH (1970) Philosophy

A.B., Cornell University; M.A., Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh
DAVID K. HALEY (1980)" ' Mathematics

B.A., Acadia University; M.S., Ph.D., Queen's University
JOHN R. HUBBARD (1975) * Mathematics

A.B., University of Rochester; A.M., Ph.D., University of Michigan
RICHARD A. HUGHES (1970) Religion

B.A., Indiana Central College; S.T.B., Ph.D., Boston University
EMILY R. JENSEN (1969) English

B.A., Jamestown College; M.A., University of Denver;

Ph.D., The Pennsylvania State University
FORREST E. KEESBURY (1970) Education

B.S., Defiance College; M.A., Bowling Green State University;

Ed.D., Lehigh University
ROBERT H. LARSON (1969) History

B.A., The Citadel; M. A., Ph.D., University of Virginia
PAUL A. MacKENZIE (1970) ' German

A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Boston University
GERTRUDE B. MADDEN (1958) English

A.B., University of Pennsylvania; M.A., Bucknell University
ROBERT J. B. MAPLES (1969) French

A.B., University of Rochester; Ph.D., Yale University
JOHN F. PIPER, JR. (1969) History

A.B., Lafayette College; B.D., Yale University; Ph.D., Duke University
DAVID J. RIFE (1970) English

B.A., University of Florida;

M.A., Ph.D., Southern Illinois University
MICHAEL G. ROSKIN (1972) Political Science

A.B., University of California at Berkeley;

M.A., University of California at Los Angeles;

Ph.D., The American University

138

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

ROGER D. SHIPLEY (1967) Art

B.A., Otterbein College; M.F.A., Cranbrook Academy of Art

STANLEY T. WILK (1973)** Anthropology

B.A., Hunter College; Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh

ASSISTANT PROFESSORS

SUSAN K. BEIDLER (1975) Library Services

B.A., University of Delaware; M.L.S., University of Pittsburgh
HOWARD C. BERTHOLD, JR. (1976) Psychology

B.A., Franklin and Marshall College; M.A., The University of Iowa;

Ph.D., The University of Massachusetts
GARY M. BOERCKEL (1979) Music

B.M., Oberlin College; M.M., Ohio University;

D.M.A., University of Iowa
JON R. BOGLE (1976) Art

B.F.A., B.S., M.F.A., Tyler School of Art, Temple University
JOHN H. CONRAD (1959)" Education

B.S., Mansfield State College; M.A., Nezo York University
JACK D. DIEHL, JR. (1971) Biology

B.S., M.A., Sam Houston State College;

M.S., Ph.D., University of Connecticut
RICHARD R. ERICKSON"(1973) Astronomy and Physics

B.A., University of Minnesota; M.S., Ph.D., University of Chicago
EDWARD G. GABRIEL (1977) Biology

B.A., M.S., Alfred University; Ph.D., The Ohio State University
FRED L. GROGAN (1977) Political Science

A.B., Bates College; M.A. Arizona State University;

Ph.D., University of Missouri
THOMAS J. HENNINGER (1966) Director of Computer Services

B.S., Wake Forest College; M.A., University of Kansas Mathematics
OWEN F. HERRING (1965) Philosophy

B.A., Wake Forest College
DAVID N. JEX (1978) Music

B.M., Universitxi of Toledo; M.M., Bowling Green State University;

D.M.A., Cleveland Institute of Music
MOON H. JO (1975) Sociology

B.A., Valparaiso University; M.A., Howard University;

Ph.D., New York Universitxi
DAN O. KING (1977) Biology

B.A., University of South Florida; M.A., Ph.D., Indiana University
ELIZABETH H. KING (1956) Business Administration

B.S., Geneva College; M.Ed., The Pennsylvania State Universitxi
ELDON F. KUHNS, II (1979) Accounting

B.A., Lycoming College; M. Accounting, University of Oklahoma;

C.P.A. (Pennsylvania)

On Sabbatical Fall Semester 1980-81
On Sabbatical Spring Semester 1980-81
On Sabbatical Academic Year 1980-81

139

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

STEVEN J. McGUIRE (1979) Sociology

B.A., University of Iowa; M.A., Ph.D., SUNY at Stony Brook
RICHARD J. MORRIS (1976) History

B.A., Boston State College; M.A., Ohio University;

Ph.D., New York University
STEPHEN E. ROBINSON (1979) Religion

B.A., M.A., Brigham Young University; Ph.D., Duke University
LARRY R. STRAUSER (1973) Sociology

A.B., Lycoming College; M.P.A., University of Arizona
CATHERINE E. STUDIER (1978) Education

B.S., SUNY at Oneonta; Ed.M., Ed.D., University of Georgia
FRED M. THAYER, JR. (1976) Music

A.B., Syracuse University; B.M., Ithaca College;

MM., SUNY at Binghamton; DM. A., Cornell University
MARY ELLEN VERZARO (1979) Library Services

B.A., Ithaca College; M.L.S., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
H. BRUCE WEAVER (1974) Business Administration

B.B.A., Stetson University; J. D., Vanderbilt University;

M.B.A., Florida Technological University
CHARLES E. WEYANT (1971) Library Services

B.A., The American University; M.S., Simmons College
JOHN M. WHELAN, JR. (1971) Philosophy

B.A., University of Notre Dame;

Ph.D., The University of Texas at Austin
BUDD F. WHITEHILL (1957) Physical Education

B.S., Lock Haven State College;

M.Ed., The Pennsylvania State University
FREDERIC M. WILD, JR. (1978) English

B.A., Emory University; M.A., Ph.D., Ohio State University;

M.Div., Yale Divinity School

ROBERT A. ZACCARIA (1973) Biology

B.A., Bridgeivater College; Ph.D., University of Virginia
MELVIN C. ZIMMERMAN (1979) Biology

B.S., SUNY at Cortland; M.S., Ph.D., Miami University

INSTRUCTORS

DAVID A. HAIR (1979) Physical Education

B.S., East Stroudsburg State College
DEBORAH J. HOLMES (1976) Physical Education

B.S., The Pennsylvania State University
ANITA S. HUBBARD (1977) Mathematics

B.S., Universih/ of Tennessee; M.S., Universih/ of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
WILLIAM E. KEIG (1980) Astronomy and Physics

A.B., Universih/ of California at Santa Cruz;

M.S., Universih/ of Chicago

On Sabbatical Fall Semester 1980-81
On Sabbatical Spring Semester 1980-81
On Leave Academic Year 1980-81

140

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

DIANE M. LESKO (1978) Art

B.A., M.A., SUNY at Binghamton
SYED Q. SHAREEF (1979) Business Administration

B.S., Middle East Technical University (Turkey);

M.B.A., University of Cincinnati
RICHARD D. TROXEL (1978) Mathematics

B.A., Oberlin College; M.A., Indiana University

LECTURERS

CATHERINE P. BLAIR (1980) English

A.B., Regis College; M.A., University of North Carolina
DON M. LARRABEE II (1972) Lecturer in Law

A.B., Franklin and Marshall; LL.B., Fordham University

PART-TIME INSTRUCTORS

MARY P. BAGGETT (1977) Chemistry

B.A., Regis College; M.A., Wellesley College
WILLIAM P. CARLUCCI (1980) Political Science

B.A., Lycoming College; J.D., Temple University
BARRY W. SLOTTER (1978) Sociology

B.A., Lycoming College
MARY J. VESTERMARK (1977) Psychology

A.B., Oberlin College; M.A., Stetson University;

Ph.D., University of North Caroluia at Chapel Hill
MARILYN L. WENTZLER (1979) French and Spanish

B.A., Lycoming College; M.A., The Pennsylvania State University
TERRY WILD (1972) Art

B.A., Lycoming College; B.F.A., Art Center College of Design

APPLIED MUSIC TEACHERS

RICHARD J. LAKEY (1979) Organ and Piano

WALTER G. McIVER (1979) Voice

A.B., Bucknell University

M.B., Westminster Choir College

M.A., Neiv York University
ALBERT J. NACINOVICH (1972) Brass

B.S. in Music Education, Mansfield State College;

M.S. in Music Education, Ithaca College
MARY L. RUSSELL (1936) Piano

Mus.B., Susquelianna University

M.A., The Pennsylvania State University

JUANITA M. SERANG (1975) Strings

THOMAS H. SHELLENBERGER (1980) French Horn

141

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANTS

Louise S. Banks Periodicals Assistant in Library

Betty S. Beck Assistant Bookstore Manager

Emily C. Biichle Coordinator Facilities Scheduling/Purchasing

Barbara J. Bodner Secretary to Director of Admissions

Pauline M. Brungard Student Loan Coordinator

(B.S., Lycoming College)
James Buriak Athletic Trainer

(B.S., Lock Haven State College)

(M.S., University of Illinois)

Shirley M. Campbell Assistant in Treasurer's Office

Richard L. Cowher Press Operator

Elizabeth G. Cowles Career Development Secretary

Mary Dahlgren Data Terminal Operator/Secretary, Computer Center

Julie Dangle Secretary, Athletic Office

June L. Evans Secretary, Education Office

Irene Everdale Secretary to Director of Buildings and Grounds

S. Jean Gair Secretary, Music and Art Departments

Anne S. Gibbon Secretary, Biology and Chemistry Departments

Ralph W. Hellan Computer Operations Programmer

(A.B., Lycoming College)

Helen C. Heller Secretary to the Registrar

Mary C. Hendricks Supervisor of Housekeeping

Esther L. Henninger Administrative Assistant for

Admission Computer Applications

Audrey D. Herrold Receptionist/Secretary

Office of Student Services

Isabel C. Hess Library Assistant

Bernadine G. Hileman Office Services Coordinator

Phyllis M. Holmes Secretary to the President

Barbara E. Horn Secretary to the Athletic Director

Dee A. Horn Secretary to the Treasurer

Dagmar W. Howard Secretary to Director of Student Financial Aid

Naomi E. Kepner Switchboard Operator

Doris F. McCoy Secretary in Institutional Relations Office

Gertrude C. McCoy Secretary in Admissions Office

Vivian D. Meikrantz Secretary to the Dean of the College

Marilyn Mullings Faculty Secretary

Phyllis B. Myers Secretary to the Director of Alumni Affairs

Marion R. Nyman Cashier/Bookkeeper

Marian L. Rubendall Secretary to Dean of Student Services

Sheran L. Swank Faculty Secretary

Patricia J . Triaca Library Assistant

Helen I. Vincent Library Assistant

J une Wagner Faculty Secretary

Deborah E. Weaver Damage Assessment Clerk

Geraldine H. Wescott Secretary to the Librarian/AV Coordinator

Loretta M. Whipkey Secretary, Public Relations

Linda S. Wright Secretary to Director of Institutional Relations

Cheryl A. Yearick Library Assistant

142

COLLEGE DIRECTORY

THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION

The Alumni Association of Lycoming College has a membership of more than
8,000 men and women. It is governed by an executive board consisting of four
officers and 21 members-at-large, elected through mail ballot by the member-
ship of the association. The board also has members representing specific
geographic areas of alumni concentration, the senior class president, the student
body president and a representative of the last graduating class. The association
annually nominates one alumni representative for a three-year term on the
college board of trustees. The Director of Alumni Affairs directs the activities of
the alumni office. The alumni association has the following purpose as stated in
its constitution: "As an off-campus constituency, the Association's purpose is to
seek ways of maintaining an active and mutually beneficial relationshp between
the college and its alumni, utilizing their talents, resources and counsel to
further the objective and program of Lycoming College."

All former students of Williamsport Dickinson Seminary and all former
students who have successfully completed one year of study at Willimsport
Dickinson Junior College or Lycoming College shall be members of the associa-
tion. Any person who leaves Lycoming College after successfully completing
one year and re-enters as a student within four years of his/her initial
matriculation shall not be a member of the alumni association while enrolled as
a student at Lycoming College.

Acting as the representative of alumni on the campus and working also
with undergraduates, the alumni office aids in keeping alumni informed and
interested in the programs, growth and activities of the college through regular
publications mailed to all alumni on record. Arrangements for Homecoming,
Alumni Day, class reunions, club meetings and similar activities are coordinated
through this office. The alumni association promotes group travel programs,
supplies back-year class rings, sells water colors and bronze etchings of the
campus and alumni chairs. Through The Lycoming College Annual Giving
Fund, the alumni office is closely associated with the development program of
the college. Lycoming College holds membership in the Council for Advance-
ment and Support of Education. Communications to the alumni association
should be addressed to the Office of Alumni Affairs.

ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE BOARD

President— John B. Ernst '58—211 Belmont Ave., Doylestown, PA 18901
Vice-President for Campus Affairs — Kent T. Baldwin '64,

2446 Waldman Drive, Williamsport, PA 17701
Vice-President for Regional Affairs — Ralph Zeigler '70,

350 Rural Ave., Williamsport, PA 17701
Secretary — Mrs. David Loomis (Eleanor Layton '60),

R.D. #1, Box 167A, Troy, PA 16947
Last Retiring President — George Nichols '59,

RD #2, Newton Rd., Clarks Summit, PA 18411

Term Expires (June, 1981)

Rev. H. Emerson Abram '53, Hillcrest Road, Newtown Square, PA 19073
Mrs. Mary Landon Russell '33, 812 Lincoln Ave., Williamsport, PA 17701
Mrs. Barry L. Boyer (Nancy Snyder '64),

2901 Orchard Ave., R.D. #3, Montoursville, PA 17754
Andrew J. Fedore '77, 710 Prospect Street, Portage, PA 15946

143

Miss Doris T. Heller '54, 716 Grampian Blvd., Williamsport, PA 17701
Dr. Hess S. Wertz, Jr. '62, 1195 Sheridan Street, Williamsport, PA 17701
Rev. Jay E. Zimmerman '74, R.D. #3, Box 111, Tyrone, PA 16686

Term Expires (June, 1982)

Mrs. Howard F. Chambers (Amy Gehron '70),

48 Ross St., Williamsport, PA 17701
Mrs. Herman S. Horn (Nancy Dorrance '57),

201 N. Broad St., Honeybrook, PA 19344
Charles K. Post, '57, 9403 Victoria Court, Upper Marlboro, MD 20870
Miss Andrea D. Seuren '76, 60 Hunter Drive, Fox Ridge Aprs., HiNella, NJ 08083
Mrs. Larry R. Strauser (Keigh Cronauer '58), R.D. #3, Montoursville, PA 17754
Miss Karen A. Suplee '74, Box 156 George School, Newtown, PA 18940
Daniel P. Wright '74, 1204 Tule St., Montoursville, PA 17754

Members of the Board Serving a One-Year Term

Student Association of Lycoming College, President —

Robert W. Bucknam, Jr '81
Senior Class President — Debra Suplee
Representative of the Class of 1980 — Miss Donna Petrizzi,

225 Green Lane, Bristol, PA 19007

Alumni Representatives to Lycoming College Board of Trustees

1981— Ms. Onalee R. (Barton '62) Sabin, 513 W. Gray Street, Elmira, NY 14905
1982— Dr. David J. Loomis '61, R.D. #1, Box 167 A, Troy, PA 16947
1983— Dr. David M. Heiney '62,

R.D. #2, Woodbine Road, Hughesville, PA 17737

144

COMMUNICATION WITH THE COLLEGE

This document contains pertinent information about the college, its philosophy,
programs, policies, regulations and offerings. All students and prospective
students are urged to read it carefully and completely.

Inquiries of a specific nature should be addressed as follows:

Director of Admissions:

Admission to the freshman class.
Admission with advanced standing.
Re-entry of students to Lycoming College.
Request for catalogs.

Treasurer:

Payment of college bills.
Inquiries concerning expenses.

Director of Student Financial Aid

Scholarships and loan funds for students in college.
Financial assistance for entering students.

Dean of the College:

Information about faculty and faculty activities.
Academic work of students in college.

Dean of Student Services:
Student activities.
Residence halls.
Religious life.
Health services.
Academic support services.

Registrar:

Student records.
Transcript requests.
Academic policies.

Career Development Center:

Career counseling and employment opportunities.

Director of Institutional Relations

Development, annual fund and gift programs.

Director of Alumni Affairs

Director of Public Relations
Publications

Address: LYCOMING COLLEGE, Williamsport, Pennsylvania 17701
Telephone: 326-1951, Area Code 717

All of the provisions in this catalog are effective July 1, 1980.

Lycoming College reserves the right to make any necessary changes in the academic calendar,
charges, courses or any other section of this catalog.

145

ACADEMIC CALENDAR— 1980-1981

FALL SEMESTER
August

29 Friday - Orientation of new faculty

- Fall semester bills are due

September

1

2

Monday

Tuesday

3

5

Wednesday
Friday

9

Tuesday

16

Tuesday

October

3, 4, 5
10, 11, 12
14

Fri., Sat., Sun
Fri., Sat., Sun
Tuesday

27

16

146

Monday

November

10-14

25

Mon.-Fri
Tuesday

December

1
19

Monday
Friday

January

2
4
5
6

Friday
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday

Friday

Friday

Residence halls open 10 a.m. to 8 p.m.

Processing of drop/add begins.

AFTERNOONS ONLY.

Classes begin first period.

Last day for payment without re-registration

fee of $25.00.

Last day for drop/add without instructor's

approval.

Last day for drop/add.

Last day to elect audit and

satisfactory/unsatisfactory grades.

Homecoming Weekend.
Parents' Weekend.

Last day for submission of final grades for
courses for which Incomplete grades were
recorded in spring, May and summer terms.
Mid-Semester Deficiency Reports for
freshmen due in Office of Registrar at 12
noon.

- Preregistration.

- Last day to withdraw from courses with W,
WP, WF grades.

- Thanksgiving Recess begins 4:30 p.m.

- Residence halls close 7 p.m.

- Classes resume first period.

- Semester ends 4:30 p.m.

- Residence halls close 7 p.m.

SPRING SEMESTER

- Spring semester bills are due.

- Residence halls open 12 noon.

- Classes begin first period.

- Processing of drop/add begins.
AFTERNOONS ONLY.

- Last day for payment without re-registration
fee of $25.00.

- Last day for drop/add without instructor's
approval.

- Last day for drop/add — instructor's approval
required for the add.

- Last day to elect audit and
satisfactory/unsatisfactory grades.

February

13

23

27
28

March

9
23-27

April

3

7

17

24

May

1

Friday

Monday

Friday
Saturday

Monday
Mon.-Fri.

Friday

Tuesday

Friday

Friday

Friday
Sunday

- Last day for submission of final grades for
courses for which Incomplete grades were
recorded in the fall semester.

- Mid-Semester Deficiency Reports for
freshmen due in Office of Registrar at 12
noon.

- Spring recess begins 4:30 p.m.

- Residence halls close 10 a.m.

Classes resume first period.
Preregistration.

Last day to withdraw from courses with W,

WP, WF grades.

Honors Day.

Good Friday. Afternoon classes suspended.

Semester ends 4:30 p.m.

Residence halls close 7 p.m.

- Residence halls open 12 noon for partici-
pants in Commencement.

- Commencement.

May

3
4

22

July

17

31

Sunday
Monday
Friday

Friday

25
26
29

Monday
Tuesday
Friday

June

21
22
26

Sunday
Monday
Friday

Friday
Friday

MAY TERM

- Residence halls open 2 p.m.

- Classes begin.

- Last day for drop/add — instructor's approval
required for the add.

- Last day to elect audit and
satisfactory/unsatisfactory grades.

- Last day to withdraw from courses with W,
WP, WF grades.

- Memorial Day recess. Classes suspended.

- Classes resume first period.

- Term ends. Residence halls close 9 p.m.

SUMMER TERM

- Residence halls open 12 noon.

- Classes begin.

- Last day for drop/add — instructor's approval
required for the add.

- Last day to elect audit and
satisfactory/unsatisfactory grades.

- Last day to withdraw from courses with W,
WP, WF grades.

- Term ends. Residence halls close 9 p.m.

147

CAMPUS FACILITIES

RESIDENTIAL

1. North Hall (1965) — 146 students in two-room suites with bath.

4. East Hall (1962) — Houses chapters of national fraternities and other students. The fraternity units,

distinct self-contained, provide dormitory facilities, lounge and a chapter room for each group.
All students share a large social area on the ground floor.

5. Forrest Hall (1968) — 92 students in two-room suites with bath. Honors Dr. and Mrs. Fletcher Bliss

Forrest and Anna Forrest Burfiendt '30, the parents and sister of Katherine Forrest Mathers '28,
whose generosity established the memorial.

6. Crever Hall (1962) — 126 students in two-room suites with bath. Honors the college's founder and

first financial agent, the Rev. Benjamin H. Crever, who helped persuade the Baltimore
Conference to purchase the institution from the Williamsport Town Council in 1848.

8. Wesley Hall (1956) — 14 students. Honors the founder of Methodism.

9. Rich Hall (1948) — 105 students in two-room suites with bath. Honors the Rich family of Woolrich,

Pennsylvania. Houses the college health service and the Sara J. Walter non-residents lounge.

11. Asbury Hall (1962) — 154 students. Honors Bishop Francis Asbury, the father of The United

Methodist Church in America, who made the circuit through the upper "Susquehanna District"
in 1812, the year the Williamsport Academy (now Lycoming) opened its doors.
18. Skeath Hall (1965) — 212 students. Honors the late J. Milton Skeath, professor of psychology and
four-time dean of the institution from 1921 to 1967.

ACADEMIC

12-15. The Academic Center (1968)

12. Laboratories and Arena Theatre — Language, business, mathematics and physics laboratories;

Detwiler Planetarium; 204 seat thrust-stage theatre; 90 seat Alumni Lecture Hall.

13. Faculty Office Building — 69 faculty offices, seminar rooms, 735-seat lecture hall.

14. Wendle Hall — Spacious Pennington Lounge is an informal meeting place for students and faculty.

Pychology laboratories, 20 classrooms.

15. Library — Can accommodate 700 students in a variety of study and reading situations, has a capacity

of 250,000 volumes, computer center and photographic laboratories.

2. Art Center (1965)— Studios.

3. Fine Arts Building (1940)— Art studios.

21. Science Building (1957) — Chemistry and biology lecture rooms, laboratories, offices.

22. Art Gallery (1980)— Located in library.

CHAPEL

17. Clarke Chapel (1939) — Worship services and other events in auditorium; classrooms, studios and
music department faculty offices on ground floor.

ADMINISTRATION

10. John W. Long Hall (1951) — College administration offices: president, college deans, treasurer,
registrar, admissions, alumni affairs, public relations, Career Development Center, publications,
development and financial aid. Reception area, central communications, printing and bulk mail
services.

22. Maintenance.

RECREATION

7. Wertz Student Center (1959) — Dining room, Burchfield Lounge, recreation area, game room, music
room, book store, post office and student organization offices. Honors Bishop D. Frederick
Wertz, president of Lycoming from 1955 until 1968.

19. Physical Education /Recreation Center (1980) — Basketball and other courts, swimming pool, physical
education offices, classrooms, all-purpose room.

16. Gymnasium (1923) — Basketball and other courts, bowling alleys.

148

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149

ACADEMIC CALENDAR 1980-1981

Sun

Mon

Tues

Wed

Thur

Fn
1

Sat

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

SEPTEMBER

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur

12 3 4
7 8 9 10 11
14 15 16 17 18 19

5 6
12 13

20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30

OCTOBER

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sal

12 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30 31

NOVEMBER

Sun

Mon

Tues

Wed

Thur

Fn

Sat
1

8

2

3

4

5

6

7

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23
30

24 25 26 27 28 29

DECEMBER

Sun

Mon

Tues

Wed

Thur

Fn

Sat

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31

JANUARY

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri

1

2

9

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

FEBRUARY

Sun

Mon

Tues

Wed

Thur

Fn

Sat

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

MARCH

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30 31

APRIL

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fr

Sat

1

2

3

4

8

9

10

11

15

16

17

18

5 6 7

12 13 14

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29 30

MAY

Sun

Mon

Tues Wed Thur

Fn
1

Sat
2

3

4

5 6 7

8

9

10

11

12 13 14

15

16

17

18

19 20 21

22

23

24

25

26 27 28

29

30

JUNE

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fn Sat

12 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

D = Fall and Spring Semesters

D = May Term

I = Summer Session

JULY

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat

1 2 3j 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

27 28 29 30 31

INDEX

Academic Advisement 19

Academic Calendar 146

Academic Honesty 23

Academic Honors 24

Academic Program 15

Academic Standing 23

Accounting Curriculum 41

Accounting-Mathematics (EIM) 45

Accreditation 5

Administrative Assistants 142

Administrative Staff 134

Admission 7

Admissions Deposit 8

Admissions Office 8

Admission Policy 7

Admission Standards 7

Advanced Placement 24

Advanced Standing by Transfer 7

Advisory Committees 19

Health Professions 19

Legal Professions 19

Medical Technology 19

Theological Professions 19

Allopathic Medicine, Advisement for ... 19

Alumni Association 143

American Studies (EIM) 45

Anthropology Curriculum 123

Application Fee and Deposits 10

Application Process 7

Applied Music Requirements 16

Art Curriculum 47

Astronomy and Phvsics Curriculum 51

Attendance, Class 23

Audit 28

Awards 25

Basic Educational Opportunity

Grants (BEOG) 12

Biology Curriculum 56

Board of Trustees 132

Books and Supplies 10

Building Descriptions 148

Business Administration Curriculum 60

Calendar, Academic 146

Campus Map 149

Career Development Services 36

Chemistry Curriculum 63

Christian Ministry, Advisement for 19

Class Attendance 23

College and the Church 38

College Directory 132

College Level Examination Program

(CLEP) 24

Communication with the College 145

Community Scholarships 14

Conduct, Standards of 38

Contents 3

Contingency Deposit 10

Cooperative Programs 29

Engineering 29

Environmental Studies 29

Foresty 29

Medical Technology 30

Military Science 31

Podiatry 31

Counseling, Academic 19

Counseling, Personal 35

Course Credit by Examination 24

Course Descriptions 41

Criminal Justice (EIM) 67

Curriculum 41

Damage Charges 37

Degree Programs 15

Degree Requirements 15

Dental School, Advisement for 19

Departmental Honors 25

Departmental Majors 18

Deposits 9

Deposit Refund 10

Discrimination Compliance Statement ... 7

Distribution Requirements 15

English 16

Fine Arts 16

Foreign Language 16

History and Social Science 17

Mathematics 16

Natural Science 17

Philosophy 16

Religion 16

Early Admission Procedure 7

Economics Curriculum 69

Education Curriculum 72

Education Financing Plans 14

Educational Opportunity Grants 12

Engineering, Cooperative Program 29

English Curriculum 75

English Requirement 16

Entrance Examinations (CEEB) 24

Entry Fees and Deposits 10

Environmental Studies 29

Established Interdisciplinary

Major (EIM) 18

Expenses 9

Faculty 136

Facilities 148

Federal Grants and Loans 12

Fees 9

Financial Aid 12

Financial Assistance 12

Financial Information 9

Fine Arts Requirements 16

Foreign Language Requirement 16

Foreign Languages and Literatures

Curriculum 80

Forestry, Cooperative Program 29

French Curriculum 80

General Expenses 9

German Curriculum 83

Grading System 21

Graduation Requirements 15

Grants-in-Aid 12

Greek Curriculum 85

Handbooks for Students
(Guidepost, Pathfinder,

Residence Halls) 37

Health Professions Careers 19

Health Services 35

Hebrew Curriculum 85

History Curriculum 88

History of the College 6

History Requirement 17

Honor Societies 25

151

Honors, Academic 24

Honors, Departmental 25

Independent Study 27

Interdisciplinary Majors 18

Established Majors (EIM) 18

Individual Majors (IIM) 18

International Studies (EIM) 92

Internship Program 27

Interviews 8

Introduction to Lycoming 5

Legal Professions, Advisement for 19

Literature (EPM) 94

Loans 13

Location 5

London Semester 31

Lycoming Scholar Program 32

Major 17

Admission to 17

Departmental 18

Interdisciplinary (EIM, UM) 18

Mass Communications (EIM) 95

Mathematics Curriculum 98

Mathematics Requirement 16

May Term 28

Medical School, Advisement for 19

Medical History 36

Medical Staff 135

Medical Technology 30

Military Science 31

Ministerial Grants-in-Aid 12

Music Curriculum 104

National Defense Student Loans

(NDSL) 13

Natural Science Requirement 17

Near East Culture and

Archeology (EIM) 108

Non-Payment of Fees Penalty 11

Objectives and Purpose 5

Optometry School, Advisement for 19

Orientation 39

Osteopathy School, Advisement for 19

Overseas Studies Opportunities 28, 31

Part-time Student Opportunities 29

Regular Audit 28

Special Student

(Part-time for Credit) 29

Payment of Fees 9

Payments, Partial 10

Penalty for Non-Payment of Fees 11

Personal Counseling 35

Philosophy Curriculum 108

Philosophy Requirement 16

Physical Education Curriculum 112

Physics Curriculum 51

Placement Services 36

Podiatry, Cooperative Program 31

Political Science Curriculum 112

Principal Aim of the College 5

Psychology Curriculum 117

Purpose and Objectives 5

Quick Look at Lycoming 2

Reading Improvement Course 36

Refunds 10

Registration 20

Regulations (Standards of Conduct) 38

Religion Curriculum 120

Religion Requirement 16

Religious Life 38

Requirements, Distribution 15

Requirements for Admission 7

Requirements for Graduation 15

Reserve Officer Training Corps

Program (ROTC) 31

Scholarships (ROTC) 14

Residence 37

Residence Halls 37

Residential 37

Scholarships 12

Selection Process 7

Social Science Requirement 17

Sociology- Anthropology

Curriculum 1 23

Spanish Curriculum 85

Special Features 27

Departmental Honors 25

Independent Study 27

Internship Program 27

London Semester 31

Lycoming Scholar Program 32

May Term 28

Overseas Studies Opportunities 28, 31

Student Enrichment Semester 31

United Nations Semester 31

Washington Semester 31

Standards of Admission 7

Standards of Conduct 38

State Grants and Loans 14

Student Activities 40

Student Enrichment Semester (SES) 31

Student Records 23

Student Services 35

Study Abroad 28, 31

Summer Session Calendar 147

Supplemental Educational Opportunity

Grants (SEOG) 13

Theatre Curriculum 129

Theological Professions, Advisement for ... 19

Transfer 7

Trustees 132

Unit Course System 21

United Campus Ministry 135

United Nations Semester 31

Veterans, Approval 7

Veterinary School, Advisement for 19

Washington Semester 31

Withdrawal from College 10

Work-Study Grants 13

152

Lycoming College

Williamsport, Pennsylvania

17701