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GENEALOGY C01_L.ECTI0N

MAINE

A HISTORY

CENTENNIAL EDITION

BIOGRAPHICAL

\JA

THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY

NEW YORK

1919

BIOGRAPHICAL

HON. MORRILL NEWMAN DREW— The

death of Hon. Morrill N. Drew, attorney, business
man, financier and man of affairs, at his home in
the city of Portland, Maine, September 25, 1917,
deprived this city of one of its leading figures,
both in the business world and that of politics.
Mr. Drew, who was a son of Jesse and Clarissa
(Wellington) Drew, came of good old Maine
stock. His father, a native of Turner, Maine, in
1858 decided to settle in Aroostook county at
Fort Fairfield, where he became active and promi-
nent in the life of the community. Here, on May
17, 1862, his son, Morrill Newman, was born, and
here Morrill's childhood and early youth were
passed. He attended, as a lad, the schools of his
native town. After some time spent at the high
school there, his father sent him to the Little Blue
School at Farmington. Later he attended the
Nichols Latin School at Lewiston, from which he
graduated in the year 1879. He then pursued the
regular classical course at Bates College, from which
lie was graduated in the class of 1883 with the degree
of Bachelor of Arts. Meanwhile he had determined
to make the law his career in life. It was with
this end in view that he entered the law depart-
ment of Boston University. Here, after estab-
lishing for himself an enviable record as an in-
dustrious and intelligent student, he was gradu-
ated with the class of 1885, and received his
legal degree. He now continued his studies in
the law offices of Governor Powers at Houlton,
Maine. The following year he took and passed his
bar examinations, being admitted to practice in
the Maine courts, and at once began his profes-
sional career in Fort Fairfield. How quickly he
rose into the confidence of his colleagues and the
community at large, may be seen from the fact
that in 1886, only one year after he had com-
menced his practice, the people elected him to the
responsible position of county attorney. They
re-elected him the following year. It was this of-
fice which first introduced him to public life, and
from that time on until his death, he was a very
conspicuous figure in the political affairs of
county and State. In the years 1890 and 1892 he
was elected to the Maine House of Representa-
tives from Fort Fairfield. In the year 1893 he
changed his residence from tliat place to the city

of Portland. It was natural that such an ambi-
tious man as Mr. Drew should come to that point
in the State, where the greatest opportunities,
not only for the practice of his profession, but
also for active participation in public affairs,
awaited him. He at once established a law of-
fice in the city and was soon well known as a
leader of his profession.

Mr. Drew was one of those men whose mind
seems equally capable of leadership in whatever
department of activity they take up, and this is
nowhere more obvious than in the fact that while
actively engaged in professional practice and in
serving the community in his several public of-
ces, he was also making himself a conspicuous
figure in the banking circle of the State. As early
as 1888 he conceived the idea of organizing a
national bank in Fort Fairfield. This ambition was
soon realized and he was elected its first presi-
dent. When he left his native town, his banking
ability was well established for this bank had
prospered greatly under his careful direction.
This reputation he increased upon coming to
Portland, for in 1905 he organized the United
States Trust Company. This important institu-
tion had an immediate success and has steadily
grown in size and prosperity up to the present
time. A year before Mr. Drew's death, it was re-
moved to larger and more commodious quarters
at the corner of Middle and Exchange streets,
Portland. As vice-president and treasurer of this
company, Mr. Drew maintained the keenest in-
terest in its welfare from the time of its found-
ing until his death.

In the year 1902 the people of Portland chose
him to represent them in the State Legislature,
where he had already served two terms from Fort
Fairfield, and again in 1904. In 1905, when the
house organized, he was chosen its speaker, where
he served with great distinction in this difficult
position. He had a complete and thorough knowl-
edge of parliamentary order. His keen sense of
justice and non-partisanship made him deeply be-
loved by his fellow legislators, and gave him a quite
unusual influence with both sides of the house.
He was a staunch Republican in politics, and al-
ways acted for the best interests of his party so
long as he felt that these did not conflict with

HISTORY OF MAINE

public welfare. Indeed, he became one of the
leaders of his party in the State, and in the year
1912 was chosen a delegate-at-large to the Re-
publican National Convention at Chicago. Mr.
Drew, who was the chairman of the delegation
from Maine, went to the convention thoroughly in
sympathy with the cause of Mr. Roosevelt. Mr.
Drew's remarkable ability as an organizer and
leader brought him immediately into a conspicu-
ous place in the convention, where he became one
of the group of men who directed its affairs. Col-
onel Roosevelt, who was not slow to perceive
how able a lieutenant he had in Mr. Drew, at once
decided to confide to him his plans. It is a well
admitted fact to those who came into close con-
tact with the procedure of that convention, that
had Mr. Drew's suggestions as to the course to
be pursued been followed by Colonel Roosevelt's
supporters, a very different outcome might have
resulted.

In addition to his professional, banking and poli-
tical activities, Mr. Drew was ever ready to take
part in any movement which he believed would
be to the advancement of the welfare of the com-
munity. He was asked to fill a great number of
public positions, aside from those connected with
politics, and in a large majority of cases he ac-
cepted. In 1907 the Legislature passed a resolve
providing for the appointment of a tax commis-
sion. The duties of this commission were to be
the investigation of the tax laws of Maine and
other states, and a report to the Legislature of
1909 recommending such changes in the existing
laws as seemed wise. When Governor Cobb se-
lected the members of the commission, Mr. Drew
was named as its chairman. The report which
the commission returned to the Legislature of
1909, written by Mr. Drew, who had made a very
careful investigation of the entire field, as this
work seemed to interest him especially, was one
of the most complete and instructive documents
ever presented before the Legislature of the State
of Maine. The theories and systems were clearly
and accurately set forth in such a manner that
the recommendations of this commission were
extremely valuable to the State. In fact, the re-
port attracted wide attention both in and outside
of the State. As a result of this report, the Com-
mission of Public Utilities was formed. This or-
ganization was to be of a permanent nature, and
Mr. Drew was asked to serve as its chairman.
This position he was obliged to refuse as it would
have necessitated a change of residence from
Portland to Augusta. The United States Census
of 1910 was taken under the supervision of two

directors. Mr. Drew was appointed as supervisor
for the western part of the State. By his energy
and splendid executive ability he accomplished
the difficult task in the brief time allotted and re-
ceived the high commendation of the Census Bu-
reau for his work. During the last few years of
his life, many prominent men of his party, urged
Mr. Drew many times to accept the nomination
of governor of the State. These offers he always
refused.

Mr. Drew was elected to the board of the Maine
Eye and Ear Infirmary in 1903, and in 1915 was
made its president. He also served as chairman
of its executive committee from 1914 until his
death. He was most interested in the cause of this
institution as he realized that the mi'sfortunes
which it prevented were indeed great. He was a
L'niversalist, and at one time served as president
of the Maine Universalist Convention. He was
also interested in many other philanthropic and
educational movements. Among others he served
as trustee and treasurer of Westbrook Seminary,
president of the Maine Institution for the Blind,
and trustee of the Maine Home for Friendless
Boys.

He was a member of the Society of Colonial
Wars, the Maine Society of the Sons of the
American Revolution, the Portland Athletic Club,
the Portland Country Club and of several frater-
nal orders. Chief among these was the Masonic
order, in which he had taken the thirty-second de-
gree, and in which he was affiliated with Eastern
Frontier Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Ma-
sons; the Garfield Chapter, Royal Arch Masons;
the Blue Lodge and Council, Royal and Select
Masters; the Portland Commandery, Knights
Templar; and Kora Temple, Ancient Arabic Or-
der Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He was also
a member of the Portland Lodge, Benevolent and
Protective Order of Elks.

Mr. Drew was united in marriage, December 20,
1892, with Louise S. Davis, a daughter of the Hon.
Jesse and IMary .\. (Woodberry) Davis, old and
highly respected residents of Lisbon, Maine. To
Mr. and Mrs. Drew, in 1896, a son was born,
Jesse Albert, who, at the time of his father's
death, was a junior in Williams College. He and
his mother survive Mr. Drew.

It will be appropriate to close this sketch with
some of the remarks which formed a chorus of
praise and regret at the time of his death, and
which were voiced by his associates, by the insti-
tutions with which he was connected and by the
local press. The Press of Portland, commenting
upon him editorially, said in part, as follows:

^^^e^^UL^ (^2U.^^

EIOGRAPHICAL

Portland loses a good citizen in the death of Monill
N. Drew. While he enjoyed good health, it was v'.v.w-
acteristic of him to take a great interest in evrv-
thing pertaining to the city and the State, and tlK^-e
was no man in Portland who was better informed llian
was Mr. Drew npon all (luestions which came before
the people for consideration. He enjoyed the con-
fidence of people to a remarkable degree. Ilis friends
were not confined to any one class or any one section
of the city, and for that matter he nnmbered them by
scores in every part of the State. Prom them he ab-
sorbed opinions and ideas as to how the public viewed
every Qnestion, and when it came to forecasting tlie
drift of sentiment, there was no man in the State more
certain of coming to ■ a correct conclusion than Jlr.
Drew. He had a liking for men of all sorts and times
and he did not regard the time as wasted when he
had secured some man's opinions upon any questitm,
whether it was one of national consequence or of pure-
ly local interest.

But there was another side to Morrill N. Drew
besides that which the public coiihl see. His loyalty
to |[is friends was one of his finest qualities. No sacri-

little diffe
lielp was t

ippor

foresight directing him t" assist ii
many ideas which, at tlie tiiin- ho lirst advocated tliein,
were looked upon as raiiir.il but vhi.h later came to
be accepted by the majority.

He rendered great service to the State and to the
city. He was modest, unassuming, genial and always
courteous, a most agreeable companion and the kin.l
of a man to win and hold friends through thick and
thin. Morrill X. Drew's effort in life was to help
others rather than to help himself. He had a heart
big enough to throb with sympathy for the sorrows
and misfortunes of others. Envy and jealousy wore
foreign to his nature, and he found his greatest pleas-
ure in life in contributing to the happiness of all about
him.

Mr. Drew will be greatly missed by many people,
y.'hen in good health he delighted to mingle with his
fellows, and the recollection of his pleasant .smile and
cheery greetings, \\-hich always made him welcome
in every gathering, will long be treasured by all who
knew him.

The Telegram of Portland, had this to say con-
cerning Mr. Drew:

The death of Hon. Morrill N. Drew is a distinct loss
to the social and business life of Portland and the
State. Few men were better known or had more frienils
throughout Maine than Mr. DreAv, to whom the news
of his passing away came as a gre.it shock. In poli-
tics he possessed to a superlative degree the courage
of his convictions and the moral strength to execute
tis purposes. His counsel was frequently sought bv
politicians and no man possessed a wider or more
intimate knowledge of affairs of the state. In puhllc
office he displayed the same remarkable ability and
sound judgment that won for him sucli signal succr-ss
in business. Those who knew Mr. Drew intimately
trusted him implicitly as in all their dealings with
him they required nothing more tlian his word and be
was never known to break that. He enjoyed tlie con-
fidence of the people in all walks of life and of every
political faith. In political contests his opponents
always regarded him as a formidable antagonist iiiit

JESSK DAVIS — No citizen of Lisbon, Maine,
was better known or more highly respected than
the Hon. Jesse Davis, who for many years was
one of the most conspicuous figures in the busi-
ness and public life of this region, and whose
death, February i6, 1897, was felt as a severe loss
by the entire community. Mr. Davis came of old
New England stock, and was a direct descendant
of Gresham Davis, who came to this country dur-
ing the sixteenth century and settled in Massa-
chusetts. One of his descendants. Dr. Jonathan
Davis, of Roxbury, Massachusetts, had been
granted a large tract of land during Colonial days
in the section that was then known as Burnt
Meadow, now called Webster, Maine. Dr. Jona-
than gave his claim of this land to his brother,
Jesse, under the condition that he would person-
ally develop and improve it.

Jesse Davis, a soldier in the War of the Revo-
lution, and grandfather of the Jesse of this sketch,
left his native place, Roxbury, Massachusetts, and
came to Burnt Meadow, or Webster, in 1780,
where he founded a settlement and developed a
water power which the land contained. As the
region became more thickly inhabited, the land
appreciated in value, and the Davis tract, increas-
ing accordingly, soon placed the family as among
the "forehanded" people of that section. Jesse
Davis died at the early age of thirty-five years,
from wounds contracted in the Revolutionary
War, leaving two children, a son and daughter.
The son named Jonathan married Rebecca Lar-
rabee, of Brunswick, Maine, and to them were
born six children. Of these, the second son,
Jesse, was born in the old homestead, July 21,
1814.

Jesse Davis, Jr., developed at an early age a
remarkable aptitude for the management of af-
fairs, and soon became his father's "right hand"
man in carrying on the work of the farm. This
left him little time for study; but, being an am-
bitious and industrious youth, he used to read
and study what few books came within his reach
during the long winter evenings. Later in his life,
Mr. Davis would laughingly recall the times when
he puzzled away at his arithmetic by the light of
an open fire after the others had retired. As he
used to say — "Education came hard in those days,
and we did not get much of it, but what we did —

HISTORY OF MAINE

we remembered." So well did he ground himself
in the common studies that he began teaching
school at the age of twenty-two. In this occu-
pation he was very successful, and only gave it
up because his attention was needed on the farm
and in the development of real estate in which his
father had become largely interested. At the time
of his marriage, in 1845, he built a house directly
across from the old homestead, which he occu-
pied until the death of his father, vi'hen he moved
to Lisbon.

Mr. Davis, from earh' youth, was interested in-
public affairs, and when still a young man was
elected one of the selectmen of the town of
Webster, a position which he held to the satis-
faction of all parties for more than fourteen years,
first in Webster, later in Lisbon. He was also
sent as representative from Webster to the State
Legislature during the Civil War. In 1867, after
the death of his father, he moved to Lisbon,
where he built the large and handsome residence
which he continued to occupy until the date of
his death. In 1872 he was honored by election to
the State Senate from Androscoggin county. He
was also appointed one of the county commission-
ers, where he served for six years, and for twelve
years as town treasurer of Lisbon, also serving
as justice of the peace and officer in the State nii-
litia. He was one of the founders of the Manu-
facturers' National Bank of Lewiston, Maine, and
served as one of its directors until his death.

In 1874 Mr. Davis had the misfortune to be
thrown from his carriage, and his leg was crushed
so badly that amputation below the knee was
necessary, and from that time on he was obliged
to use a crutch. About twelve years later, trou-
ble with this leg developed and it became neces-
sary for him to go to Boston for treatment. He
was in the hospital for many weeks, and the en-
forced quietness of his life there proved so great
a strain on his nerves that he aged perceptibly
during his confinement. After this experience his
health began to fail and he was confined to his
home for some time previous to his death. In
spite of his sufferings, however, his habitual
cheerfulness never deserted him, and he made
himself beloved by all who came in contact with
him.

Mr. Davis was at first a Whig in politics, but
joined the Republican party at the time of its
organization and was thereafter a staunch sup-
porter of its principles and policies. His relig-
ious preference was the Universalist faith, in
which he was reared. He inherited a consider-
able fortune from his father, and by careful man-

agement and shrewd investments added to it year
by year. He was largely interested in real es-
tate in Lewiston, Lisbon, Bangor and other
places.

Jesse Davis was united in marriage, March 6,
1845, with Mary Ann Woodberry, of Litchfield,
Maine, a daughter of Hugh and Elizabeth Wood-
berry, old and highly respected residents of that
place. To Mr. and Mrs. Davis four children
were born: Albert, who died at the age of twenty-
four; .Vdda Elisabeth, who died at the age of six-
teen years; Emily Jane, who became the v/ife of
F. W. Dana, of Brookline, Massachusetts; and
Sarah Louise, who became the wife of Morrill N'.
Drew, of Portland, Maine.

Mr. Davis was a man of great personality and
good judgment, and during his lifetime enjoyed
the confidence of the people of his vicinity and
perhaps more than any man of his time. His ad-
vice was sought by both rich and poor alike,
and many were helped along the rough path-
way of life by his wise counsel and assistance.

FRANK NATHANIEL WHITTIER— One of

the prominent medical men of Maine is Dr. Frank
Nathaniel Whittier, who has stood for the highest
advance in the science of medicine. The founder
of the Whittier family in America was Thomas
Whittier, who came to this country from England
in the good ship Confidence in 163S. He mar-
ried Ruth Green, at Salisbury, Massachusetts. He
died in 1696.

John Greenleaf Whittier, the poet, was a
great-great-grandson of Thomas Whittier. An-
other great-great-grandson was Benjamin Whit-
tier, a captain in the War of the Revolution, who
at the close of the war came to Maine, and was a
first settler at Farmington, in the valley of the
Sandy river. One of the sons of Captain Ben-
jamin Whittier was Nathaniel Whittier, who mar-
ried Alice Sears, a member of another prominent
New England family. Nathaniel Whittier lived
on the Whittier homestead at Farmington. A
son of Nathaniel Whittier. Nathaniel Cross Whit-
tier, married Mary Lawrence Hardy, and was the
father of Dr. Frank N. Whittier, of further men-
tion.

Dr. Whittier was born at Farmington, Maine,
December 12, 1861. He prepared for college at
\ViIton Academy, and graduated from Bowdoin
College in 1885. In college. Dr. Whittier distin-
guished himself as a student and as an athlete.
He received an honor part at graduation, and an
election to Phi Beta Kappa. He was also cap-
tain of the first Bowdoin boat crew to win an

BIOGRAPHICAL

intercollegiate championship and to establish an
intercollegiate record. He received the degree of
A.M. in 1888, and received the degree of M.D.
from the Bowdoin Medical School in 1889. He was
a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon college
fraternity and the Phi Chi medical school fra-
ternity. Dr. Whittier has been a member of the
Bowdoin faculty since 18S6, when he was made
director of the Sargent Gymnasium. He became
lecturer on hygiene at Bowdoin in 1887, and col-
lege physician in 1S90.

In 1891, Dr. Whittier visited Europe, and stud-
ied in the hospitals of London and Berlin. From
1892 to 1895 he was instructor in anthropometry
and use of developing appliances in the Harvard
summer school of physical training. During the
early nineties, Dr. Whittier spent much time in
introducing physical training in the Maine public
schools. His system of physical training for
schools was published by the Maine State Board
of Health. This system was adopted by Portland
and many other Maine cities and towns. From
1894 to 1900 Dr. Whittier devoted himself to the
study of the then new science of bacteriology,
carrying on his studies in the summer courses of
the Harvard Medical School and at the Boston
hospitals. In 1897 Dr. Whittier introduced cour-
ses in bacteriology and pathology in the Bow-
doin ]\Iedical School.

As a result of his interest in pathology and
microscopy. Dr. Whittier has been employed by
Maine and other states in many celebrated court
cases. In the Lambert murder trial he was the
first in America to apply the serum diagnosis of
human blood in a court case. In the Terrio mur-
der trial he demonstrated for the first time that
each discharged cartridge shell has the markings
of the firing pin of the rifle stamped upon it, and
that by means of these markings it is possible to
identify the discharging rifle. This principle has
since been used to convict many murderers,
notably in the Brownsville murders.

During his busy years Dr. Whittier has found
time to take a prominent part in the upbuilding
of the "New Bowdoin." He planned and raised
funds for the Whittier Athletic Field, named in
his honor. He was the Brunswick member of the
building committee for the Delta Kappa Epsilon
chapter house. He was associated with the ar-
chitect, Henry Vaughan, in planning and building
the Hubbard Athletic building and grandstand
given to Bowdoin by General Hubbard. He
worked for years on plans for a gymnasium for
Bowdoin, and had the satisfaction of overseeing
the erection of the fine Bowdoin gymnasium and

the General Thomas Worcester Hyde athletic
building. He was active in planning and build-
ing the Dudley Coe Memorial Infirmary, and was
a member of the building committee for Hyde
Hall. Dr. Whittier suggested the polar bear as
a mascot for Bowdoin. The appropriateness of
this mascot has been generally recognized, and
won the approval of Admiral Robert E. Peary,
Bowdoin, '77. and Donald B. MacMillan, Bowdoin,
'88. Dr. MacMillan has given for the gymna-
sium's trophy room the remarkably fine specimen
of polar bear shot by himself near Etah. Dr.
Whittier has been the author of many pamphlets
and articles for medical journals and niag-^zines.
He collaborated with Albert W. Tolman in writ-
ing "Brunswick, An Historical Play."

The outbreak of the great war found Dr. Whit-
tier already enrolled in the Medical Reserve Corps
of the LT. S. A. He was appointed first lieutenant.
Medical Reserve Corps, March 24, 1917, was pro-
moted to captain, June 16, 1917, and received his
commission as major, Medical Reserve Corps,
March 19, 1919. His medical work in the army
was important and varied. On May 2, 1917, he
was appointed president of a Medical Examining
Board for the examination of Maine physicians
for commisisons in the Medical Reserve Corps.
He was also appointed a medical examiner for the
first Plattsburg Camp. From June 13, 1917, to
January 22, 1919, he was in charge of the Post
Hospital at Fort Preble, Maine. At different times
he was in charge of the post hospitals at Fort
Williams and Fort McKinley. From May, 1918,
to January, 1919, he was medical supply officer
for the port of Portland, and from July 26, 1918,
to January 22, 1919, he was senior surgeon for the
port of Portland. He was honorably discharged
from active service January 22, 1919. He still
iiolds the commission of major in the Medical Re-
serve Corps, U. S. A.

Dr. Whittier was united in marriage, June 24,
1895, with Eugenie Harward Skolfield, daughter
of the late Alfred Skolfield, the well known ship
owner of Brunswick, Maine, mentioned below.
Dr. and Mrs. Whittier are the parents of three
children: Isabel M. S., born April 10, 1896; Alice
A. S., born January 24, 1898; Charlotte Harward
S., born February 27, 1903, and died January 17,
1912.

ALFRED SKOLFIELD— No seamen or navi-
gators are more famous than the hardy mariners
developed in our New England states during the
old days when a sea voj'age was an enterprise of
iiioment and a very real peril. Tlicy made their

HISTORY OF MAIXE

names known in every part of the world. If their
fame as seamen was great, it was scarcely less
so as the builders of the great ships which sailed
the seas and bore the American flag in honor to
the four quarters of the globe. Indeed, it was
often the same men who both built and sailed
these vessels. This is particularly true in the
case of the Skolfield family, which for a number
of generations was closely identified with the
shipping interests of Maine, and of whom the late
Alfred Skolfield was a distinguished member.

Alfred Skolfield was born in Harpswell, Maine,
December 5, 1815. He was descended from a
prominent English family, and was a great-great-
grandson of Thomas Skolfield, an officer in King
William's army at the battle of the Boyne, 1690
Thomas Skolfield had a son named Thomas, who
was the founder of the family in the United
States. The younger Thomas was educated at
Dublin University. He came to America with the
Orr family. He married the daughter, Mary Orr,
and lived in Boston a year or two and then moved
with the Orr family to the district of Maine,
where they bought land from the Indians. This
land was at the head of Casco Bay. A large pine
tree stood on this land, marking the dividing line
between the towns of Harpswell and Brunswick.

The third child of Thomas and Mary Orr Skol-
field was Clement. He was a man of most hon-
orable character, and held many town offices.
He married Alice Means. One of their sons
was George, the father of Alfred Skolfield, who is
the subject of this sketch. George was known
as Master George Skolfield, and became a con-
spicuous figure in the shipping world of Maine.
He built many vessels in the Skolfield shipyard at
the head of Casco bay. He became verj' wealthy
as a result of his business, but he never lost his
simple and direct attitude of mind, and had no
false pride. Although a shrewd business man, he
never took advantage of others, but was alwaj'S
liberal and generous. He married Lydia Doyle,
September 13, 1805.

Alfred Skolfield, son of George and Lydia
(Doyle) Skolfield, attended the local public
schools during his boyhood. He was little more
than a lad when he gave up his studies and
started his life at sea on one of his father's ves-
sels. In a short time he had risen to be captain.
His first vessel was the Dublin. He afterwards
commanded the Scioto, the Roger Stezuart and
the John L. Dimmock. All of these vessels vcere
engaged in the cotton trade. Mrs. Whittier, his
daughter, has a painting of the Roger SteTrart,
by Walters, in which the ship is shown passing

the Great Orme's Head on her way out of Liver-
pool, and the Scioto is seen in the distance, enter-
ing the port. This represents an actual occur-
rence. Mrs. Whittier also has a card advertising
the sailing of the Roger Stavm-t:

Landing Berth, South Side Waterloo Doclc. Black
Star Line Packets, Liverpool to New York. American
Packet ship, -Roger Stewart." A. Skolfield, Com-
mander. 1006 tons register, copper fastened and cop-
pered, a fast sailer. August 23, 1853.

C. Grimsh.iw & Co.

This ship was lost at sea April 28, i860.

.\fter the death of his father, in 1866, Alfred
Skolfield went to Liverpool, England, and there
became a partner of James R. Ross, formerly of
Brunswick, Maine. They formed the firm of Ross,
Skolfield & Company, which firm engaged in the
business of chartering vessels. Captain Skolfield
continued active in this business for twenty
years. He was a member of the Liverpool Ex-
change. Although Mr. Skolfield withdrew from
tlie business in 1887, and his partner, Mr, Ross,
is long since deceased, the business is still car-
ried on in Liverpool under the name of Ross,
Skolfield & Company. The high honor in which
the firm's name and his own name was held was
always a source of great pride to Captain Skol-
field. He was a staunch Democrat in politics,
but never sought public office for himself. He
attended the Congregational church in Bruns-
wick, and occupied the pew which has father
bought when the church was erected. For many
years he was a director in the Pejepscot National
Bank and the Union National Bank.

Alfred Skolfield was united in marriage, No-
vember 30, 1858, to Martha Isabel Harward,
daughter of Major John and Jane M. (Spear)
Harward, of Harward's road, Bowdoinham,
Maine. The Harward family was of English ori-
gin; the first of the family in this country came
from Guildford, Surrey. He was the seventh
preacher at King's Chapel, Boston. Mrs. Skol-
field was a woman of unusual character and an-
tainments. She died in Brunswick, June S, 1904-
To Captain and Mrs. Skolfield three children were
born: Eugenie Harward, married Dr. Frank N.
Whittier, of Brunswick; Augusta Marie, who
died in Brunswick in 1902, and Eveline Blanchard,
died in England in 1874. When Alfred Skolfield
returned to the United States he took up his
abode in his Brunswick home, which he con-
tinued to occupy until his death, in 1895.

Captain Skolfield was of a retiring disposition,
but very hospitable and charitable, thoroughly
upright, a man who commanded the respect of
all who knew him.

BIOGRAPHICAL

CHARLES WAY SHANNON— The following
is the record of the lives and activities of three
generations of the family of Shannon long resi-
dent in Maine and identified in many channels
with the town of Saco, Maine.

Charles Way Shannon was born in New Lon-
don, Connecticut, April 24, 1837, the son of
Charles Tebbets Shannon, who was a native of
Saco, born October 21, 1803, son of Doctor Rich-
ard Cutts Shannon, born in Dover, New Hamp-
shire, August 10, 1773, a graduate of Harvard Col-
lege of the class of 179S, a surgeon in the United
States Navy during our naval war with France
(1798-1800) and later became the leading prac-
ticing physician of Saco, Maine, and a member
and deacon of the First Parish Congregational
Church of that place.

As the son, Charles Tebbets, grew up, he dis-
played a great fondness and an unusual talent for
music which seems to have been transmitted to
his children. He was allowed and encouraged by
his father to assist in furnishing the music at
church on Sundays, probably at first by playing
the base viol and later the organ. Strange to
say, while allowing and encouraging him to play
on Sundays, lie would not allow his son to play
on week days, as it was not then thought pro-
per for a young man to occupy himself too much
with music. He should learn a trade and give
his time chiefly to that. Accordingly he was
later sent to New York to live in the family of
an uncle and, as an apprentice, to enter his manu-
facturing establishment for the purpose of learn-
ing a good trade and business. This arrangement
did not prove to be wholly acceptable to him and
when he reached his majority, feeling free to act
as he pleased, he decided to leave as soon as a
good opportunity oflfered a position which had
already become unbearable. This cam.t one
Sunday afternoon, while walking with a friend
along the wharves of East river. There he roticed
moored at one of the piers a man-of-war dis-
playing a large banner whereon was the adver-
risement, "Musician Wanted." He boarded the
vessel and made inquiries of the officer in charge.
He was asked what instrument he played. "I'll
try anyone you have," was his answer. Then a
clarionet, an entirely new instrument, was brought
by the band master and placed in the hands of
the young man. After running the scales up and
down a few times, his musical ability was at
once recognized and his services accepted. Thus
he shipped for a five years' cruise on board the
United States steamer Corz'clle Cyane, v.hich
sailed for France a few days after. He wrote

his father at once informing him of the step he
had taken, but when his father received the letter
the son was already on the high seas. At the ex-
piration of the cruise he took passage on a
schooner from New York to Saco, landing at the
ferry and walking up to his old Saco home where
he was joyfully received by his father and other
members of the family. Later in life this five
j-ears' cruise up the Mediterranean afforded many
interesting narratives for the entertainment of
liis children.

He married Jane Randell Stanwood, of East-
port, Maine, July 21, 1836, and after residing in
New York for a time they moved to New Lon-
don, Connecticut, where the subject of this
sketch was born. A second son also was born
there, the Hon. Richard Cutts Shannon, of Brock-
port, New York, who was named after his grind-
father. Subsequently the family moved to Provi-
dence, Rhode Island, where a third son was born,
the late Doctor James Harrison Shannon, of Saco,
Maine. Afterwards the family moved to New
Bedford, Massachusetts, where they lived until
1852 when the parents decided to move back to
their native State, Maine, taking up their resi-
dence in Biddeford, now the twin city of Saco.

The eldest son, Charles W ay Shannon, the princi-
pal subject of this sketch, a little later in that year
(1852), and while a pupil of the Biddeford High
School, began his career, as organist, by playing
at the Methodist Episcopal church in Biddeford,
located at that time on the corner of Alfred and
Bacon streets. In the fall of 1853 the Unitarian
church of Saco was to receive a new organ, and
an opening concert was to be given by the regu-
lar choir and others. A noted organist from Bos-
ton, Mr. John Wilcox, was to preside at the organ
on this occasion. The choir was to meet weekly
for rehearsals in preparation for the concert, and
young Shannon had been engaged through his
father to play for the choir at these meetings. He
was then at his bashful age and had little or no
confidence in himself, especially as he was to meet
singers who were entire strangers to him. It
was indeed no easy task and he still vividly re-
calls the dread he felt wliile attending these re-
hearsals.

When he learned that the new organ had ar-
rived and was being set up, and being desirous of
seeing it, he walked quietly by himself over from
Biddeford one afternoon to have a look at the
organ. What followed is best told in his own
words by Professor Shannon himself: —

HISTORY OF MAINE

irost Influential men nf the society anil greatly int'T-
estert in music. He decided to accompany me and
together we went up into the choir gallery where I was
introduced to the man who was setting up the organ
as "the organist." This was a great surprise to me;
for I had never once thought they would have me
play the organ and my father had never told me that
I had already been engaged by him to play it.

I naturally felt much elated over the happy surprise
thus given me, and went at once to the front of the
organ to examine it : that is, to read the names of
the stops and to consider their various combinations
and nianajrement. In a very few minutes I found that
1 thoroughly understood the organ. The fact is I
had already prepared myself with a good deal of
study, so that it all seemed to come natural and easy
to me. I have always recalled with pleasure the
knowledge that came to me so swiftly during tho^.e
first few minutes.

The concert was a great success, and on the follow-
ing Sunday I took my place as the church organist.

The organ was a most musical one and a delightful
one to play. This position, as organist, subsequently
proved to be a most valuable experience. The follow-
ing year, in the autumn of 1S.':4, the choir decided lo
give another concert and this time T was to he or.'jan-
ist. I selected as my solos. Home Sweet Home, and
variations, and The Last Rose of Summer.

Business had called my father from home, and I was
thus prevented from having his assistance so an Italian
teacher was engaged to help me. We met at the church,
and as he played the organ I realized at once that he
did not know as much about the stops as I did.
although his execution was excellent. When I showed
him the solos I had selected he said in broken Unglish.
"No, impossible for you to play these pieces on the
organ." This was a very unexpected statement to
me, and I hardly knew what to ma«e or it and that
■was the end of the lesson which cost me a doU-ir.
although neither one of us had tried a note of the
music I wished to learn. However, I was not at all
discouraged, but became more determined than ever
to master those two pieces. I hired a boy by the
name of Horatio Blaisdell to blow the organ for me,
paying him twenty-flve cents a day. I practised daily
for two weeks, playing from morning until evening
•vrith only short recess for the noon dinner.

About the middle of the afternoon, on the tenth day,
I left the organ stool, feeling quite encouraged with
the progress made; but before I knew it I was sound
asleep. The boy awoke me and while trying to explain
my sleepiness, I went to sleep again and was again
awakened by the boy. The fact is that I had become
completely exhausted physically and mentally with the
exertions I had made. However, I resumed my prac-
tising immediately after the second nap, and was only
interrupted once, by Mr. Twamhley, who called to tell
me that he would pay the boy for doing the blowing.
This was a great financial relief to me as my exchec-
quer was then at a pretty low ebb.

The concert was entirely satisfactory and proved
to be « great success for me personally as the Bidde-
ford "Journal" gave me a most flattering notice. I
opened the concert with "Home Sweet Home." with
variations, but there was no response from the audi-
ence, nor was there any during the first part of rhe
program. After the usual intermission 1 opened J' e
second part of the program with my other solo. "The
Last Rose of Summer." with v;iri:itions. and I ■.,■11
never forget how I felt at the nunnent I finished play-
ing. T felt as if I wanted to get out of sight, and I
remember saying to myself. "If they will only not
hiss me how thankful I will be." All at once there
was a tremendous applause, the very first of the even-
ing. It was so unexpected that at first I was afraid
they i^ere only making fun. but the next moment I
realized that it v.as true appreciation of my playing.

My brother. Richard, was the only member of the
family, besides myself, who was present at the con-
cert. On his way home he made a call at the Bidde-
ford House and there saw Mr. Richard M. Chapman,
the cashier of the Biddcford Savin.ts Bank, pacing
the floor and exclaiming in an excited manner how
wonderfully I had played. He kept asserting tliat
he had never heard anything like it in his lite ::uil
that it was "wonderful, wonderful."

My progress from this time was marked, and though
young in years, I soon had a good teaching business,
and a little later began playing at public entertainments
and concerts. This position as organist 1 Avas able to
retain witii tlie aid of members of my family for
nearly twenty years. My father played the organ,
also my two brothers, later my -wife, and still later,
my d:insi,ter. Mnbelle.

T'-'-:-! t! f . .Tiv ],-ii' M- t;iese years, with my
1' •' ' " i' :.|.i:i.^M- i-v place at the Unitar-
i I 111,,' .,, the Second Congrega-

I 'I "■ !.!:■■ 1. , liii.To I had my first ex-

!■ ''i.i-ter. I-.iUT. \Uth the able assistance

' 'ij-i enabled to take charge of the music
:ii liii ! r I rarish Congregational Church of Suco.
^■ ;in>vious to this arrangement, however,

I ' : I I,.- ISM, I played at the State conference

I I ■ iiiH' church which I remember was largely

:r : . that I was, as a boy, much surprised

111' 1 - from Deacon Sawyer, through my father,

tlu' .Mini (if ^ix dollars for my playing. This church
was destroyed by fire in 1S60.

My three children were brought up to assist me i'l
the music nt church on Sundays: my daughter. Mabelle
Stanwood Shannon, at the organ and with her voi^e;
my daughter, Grace L. Shannon, with her violin and

Clia

his

They were all able to transpose music: that is, to
play it in the key thought best suited to the voices of
the singers, whicli was of invaluable assistance to me.

I will here refer to an incident, which as I now
recall it. seems quite remarkable. My daughter, Mabelle,
was then a little girl of ten years. My wife "was play-
ing at the Unitarian church and myself at the First
Parish church. While breakfasting one Sunday morn-
ing, I noticed my wife looking rather pale. Presently
she said to me. " I do not feel well this morning-
Could not Mabelle play for me?" I said, "Yes, she
can. if she will." I asked Mabelle if she would play,
she simple nodded her head signifying that she would.
After breakfast we made ready for church and on our
way to the church, calling at Parson Nichols for the
hymns I went over the music with her, and she played
with such ease, at the same time footing the pedals
and handling the stops that her mother never played
that organ afterwards. Mabelle continued playing it
for nearly two years.

And here I might refer to one of the earlier incidents
of my musical training showing the persistent deter-
mination of our father that his boys should fully enioy
the pleasure of studying music— a plea.sure which li'S
own father had denied him. On the wall of the dining
room he had fastened a musical staff and while we
■ivere at table during meal times my brother. Richard,
and I were required to give promptly the names of
the notes on the different lines and spaces. My
brother was not so interested in this matter as I was.
He was more anxious to eat: and the result was that
my answers came a little quicker than his. In fact
I stood at the head of the class ■n-hile he was at the
foot, and necessarily so, since there were only two in
tlio class. Our younger brother. James, was not then
more than five or six years old, quite too young to
be a member.

Our father was also determined that his boys should
begin e.irly to plav in public. So while he was serving
as the or.o-anist at the William Street Baptist Church in
New Bedford. Massachusetts, he would occasionally

BIOGRAPHICAL

have one of them play the voluntary at the close of
the service. I well remember on one occasion, when
my brother Richard was presiding at tlie organ (our
father meanwhile manipulating the stops), our dear
mother sat in the gallery nearby prnndly viowinsr ihe
triumph of her son. On anotli-^r m, , :i,i,,n there" iiad

been a sudden strike of the ,. ■ . . ,,. ^j- .'i^.,

local theatres, .iust before (!•■ i ,, . >■ was to

begin, and my father was enrn.-il. . m i -ir.-d to' help
out the management. So leadiu^ J.^., ;»u lju\s by ihe
hand, he marched down the theatre, and lindertaol;
\vith a piano to supply the music for that performance'
which was done to the great applause of the anjus-d
audience.

Before closing this statement there is one more re-
markable fact tliat I would like to mention, showini;
the terrible energy with which we pursued our music il
studies. The instrument upon v.hich we pract'ised
almost constantly, day and night, during those ei-ly
years was a Wilco.v and Gibbs piano. Most fiercely
and unmercifully did v,-e hammer its keys ami tli, ,V
surfaces were so irorn and holluv.e.I ,.i',t t].,.t (,,,..-,'■

finally came to look like a r»iv ..i iv,,ii ;,., ,, .,,

I am quite aware that prepoNiM

times told to amuse. For iust . , ,, , ,i.

is said to have been a favorite ;:ii -; :!; liu,;^ r i,,,.iii.e
he was always accompanied, by a yciung elepliaut wiio
was a brilliant pianist. One 'evening as he took his
seat at the piano he began to weep. Upon being a^ki-d
the cause of his grief he said, "As I look at these
ivory keys I see the tusks of my mother." JJow that
story few would believe. But my story is absolutely
true and I am ready to swear to it on a \vhole stack
of bibles, it necessary.

Professor Shannon's career really dates from
the installation of the new organ in the Saco
Unitarian Church in 1853. Later he had charge
of the music as organist and choirmaster of the
First Parish Congregational Church in the same
city, which position he held almost continuously
for upwards of fifty years. For many years he
was playing for two churches attending the
morning and evening services at one and after-
noon service at the other. Through the efTicient
services of his brother, the late Doctor J. H.
Shannan, also of his wife and daughter, Mrs,
Mary E, Shannon and Miss Mabelle S. Shannon,
all of whom often supplied his place, he was thus
enabled to have charge of several organs, and
was able to accept a lucrative position as organ-
ist and choirmaster at the Third Congregational
Church at Bangor.

In Bangor he also established and conducted
with the assistance of his former pupil and friend,
Mr. John Hoyt. the Bangor Conservatory of Music.
conducting it for nearly three years, when he re-
ceived a call from the Congress Square Univer-
salist Church of Portland, Maine, to serve that
church as organist and choirmaster, which posi-
tion he held until he received a tempting offer
to resume once more his old position as organist
and choirmaster at the Saco Congregational
Church, which position he retained until his resig-
nation in 1914.

His combined services rendered as organist
at the different churches cover a period of about
sixty-one years, and during these sixty-one years
he was not for even one Sunday without a posi-
tion, which is an unusual record.

Professor Shannon during these years was
also engaged in giving instruction upon the piano
and church organ, and playing more or less in
concerts. He, with his friend and brother musi-
cian, the late Charles Henry Granger, gave the
first public concert ever given in the Town Hall
of Saco in 1856, and the two brothers of Profes-
sor Shannon, also took part in this concert, v.hich
was repeated the following week in Central Hall,
Biddeford, Professor Shannon still carefully pre-
serves the original copies of the programs of
these concerts, also the programs of their first
concert which was given at Saco, in 1856 in con-
junction with their father, Charles Tebbets Shan-
non, assisted by the Cornet Band and Glee Club
of the town.

Under Professor Shannon's auspices there were
given in Saco the only four musical conven-
tions ever held in York county. The conventions
were not only largely attended by singers from
Saco and Biddeford but by singers from different
parts of the country. They were each of four
days duration, proved to be very profitable, and
were greatly enjoyed. They were given annually,
the first being held in 1872.

He also established the Saco and Biddeford
Music School which was carried on by him most
successfully for years. In this school was taught
chiefly the pianoforte and organ in classes on the
plan of the Boston music schools. It was in the
early seventies that these schools were held in
his music rooms on Main street, Saco, which
rooms he continued to occupy for nearly a half
century. Later, in these same rooms, he carried
on an instrument business, selling and renting pi-
anos and organs quite extensively for many
years.

In 1902 Mr. Shannon became one of the pro-
prietors and an equal owner with his son-in-
law, Frederick I. Ordway, of the Bay View Hotel
located at Ferry Beach, Saco, the continuation of
the famous old Richard beach. Mr. Ordway was
postmaster at Bay View for the season of 1902, Mr.
Shannon succeeding him for the following seasons
up to and including that of 1917.

.\t the time of his resignation as organist of
the First Parish Congregational Church at Saco,
in honor of his many years of service he was
voted by the church to be organist emeritus, and
a little later the church tendered a reception to

HISTORY OF MAINE

Professor Shannon and his wife. At this func-
tion there was presented to him a beautiful silver
loving cup suitably inscribed accompanied by a
set of resolutions beautifuly engrossed and
framed. A copy of these resolutions was also
inserted in the permanent records of the church.
To Mrs. Sliannon was presented a beautiful bou-
quet of English violets.

Hon. R. C. Shannon, of Brockport, New York,
gave to this church the beautiful Shannon Me-
morial Organ, in remembrance of the many years
of service rendered by his brother, Professor
Shannon, and a handsome memorial window to
the memory of the grandfather, Dr. Richard Cutis
Shannon, was placed in the same church in 1903,
by his grandsons.

Professor Shannon is very proud of the
patriotic service rendered by members of his
family during the Great War.

His son. Dr. Charles E. G. Shannon, was a cap-
tain in the Medical Reserve Corps; his grand-
son, Frederick J. Ordway, Jr., was a first lieuten-
ant in the Ninety-seventh Aero Squadron, first
pursuit group, constantly engaged in patrol work
on the front lines in France; another grandson,
Richard S. Ordway, was an ensign in the Navy,
serving with our Naval Air Forces in European
waters; his granddaughter, Miss Priscilla Ord-
way, was engaged in Red Cross work; while the
husband of another grand-daughter, Mary Wols-
ton Hallett, is a lieutenant of Engineers in the
British army.

Professor Charles Way Shannon married, first,
December 29, 1859, Mary Emery Lapham. She
was born March 12, 1841, the daughter of David
and Eunice (Emery) Lapham, of Auburn, Maine,
•and died at Saco, September 3, 1883. He married,
second, June 4, 1901, Nellie Fessenden Eastman,
who was born in Stow, Maine, February 27, 1861,
the daughter of Otis M. and Susan E. Eastman.
Children of Charles Way and Mary Shannon: I.
Mabclle Stanwood, born April 2, 1862. 2. Grace
Lincoln, born January 27, 1865. 3. Charles Emery
Gould, born September 16, 1875.

EDWARD EVERETT WILLSON— Among

the most prominent and influential citizens of
Saco, Maine, Edward Everett Willson stands
high, the major part of his career having taken
place in this city, with the affairs of which he has
come to be intimately identified. He is a member
of a family that for many generations has made
its home in the "Pine Tree State," many of its
members being associated v^fith what is perhaps
the most characteristic industry of the region.

that of building and sailing the ships which in a
past generation made this country famous in all
the ports of the world, and for the making of
which the great pine forests of the State furnish
such an inexhaustable supply.

The Willson family was founded in this country
by Michael of the name who came from Lon-
don, England, and settled at Ipswich, Massachu-
setts. Michael Willson was a weaver by trade,
and soon came to hold a prominent place in the
life of the new community, for several years serv-
ing on the Colonial Legislature of Massachusetts.
His son, Michael, Jr., settled in Wells, Maine,
which became his permanent home. It was at
that place that his son, David, was born, April,
I753> and there that he spent the early years of
his life. Later he came to Castine, Maine, being
the first of the line to locate at this place that has
since been the family home for so many years.
The date of his settling here was some time prior
to the breaking out of the Revolution, for he was
dwelling here at the time of that momentous
struggle and assisted the Continental troops in
building the batteries at Hainey's Westcotts. He
remained here until the American army suffered
a reverse in this region, and then enlisted and
continued to serve until the close of the war. He
was present at Yorktown when General Corn-
wallis surrendered. After the signing of peace
he returned with his family to his farm, which
was situated about two miles from the village
of Castine. For seventeen years in sucession he was
chosen a selectman of Castine, and the greater part
of that time was first selectman and assessor. He
served as a deacon in the First Congregational
Church for thirty-three years, and died at Castine,
April 29, 1833, at the age of eighty years and two
days. He married Marian Littlefield, born at York,
March 22, 1756, and died at Castine, March 23, 1830,
aged seventy-four years. They were the parents of
three sons, as follows: Nathaniel, who is men-
tioned below; Benjamin, who was lost at sea from
the brig CasliiiL', August 30. 1815, at the age of
twenty-eight years; and Josiah, who was born in
1786, and died at Penobscot, Maine, in 1870.

Nathaniel Willson, son of David and Marian
(Littlefield) Willson was the grandfather of Ed-
ward Everett Willson of this sketch. He was born
in 1781 at Castine, and there made his home.
His death occurred at Castine, April, 1864, at the
age of eighty-three years. He married Christiana
Gardner, a native of Hingham, Massachusetts,
and a lineal descendant of one of the Mayflower
Pilgrims. She died at Castine, Maine, in Decem-
ber, 1861, aged eighty-four years.

BIOGRAPHICAL

Benjamin James Willson, son of Nathaniel Will-
son, was born in Maine, and resided at Castine.
He was very prominent there and was engaged
in the business of boat building. He was post-
master of the town and represented it in the
Maine State Legislature for a number of years.
He married Abbey Wasson Hatch, daughter of
James and Lucy Hatch, of Castine, and they were
the parents of a family of children of whom one
was Edward Everett, mentioned at length below,
and another, Rufus P., born February 21, 1866.

Born May 24, 1861, at Castine, Maine, Edward
Everett Willson passed his childhood and early
youth at his native place. He attended the local
public schools and studied at the High School
there. Mr. Willson came to Saco in May, 1895,
and ever since that time he has been closely as-
sociated with its life, taking a prominent part in
many departments of its affairs. A public-spirited
man, his activities have always been directed to
the welfare and advantage of the community
where he has elected to live, and of which he is
now a valued member. Mr. Willson is a mem-
ber of Saco Lodge, .Ancient Free and Accepted

Masons; Chapter, Royal Arch Masons;

Council, Royal and Select Masters; and Bradford
Commandery, Knights Templar, of Biddeford.
In his religious belief he is a Unitarian and at-
tends the Saco Parish Church.

Edward Everett Willson was united in marri-
age, September 16, 1891, at Amesbury, Massachu-
setts, with Lunette Frances Libby, daughter of
Francis Edward and Julia A. W. (Bryant) Libby,
of that town. Mr. and Mrs. Willson are the par-
ents of two children, as follows: I. Everett Bry-
ant, born September 8, 1894; a graduate of the
Thornton Academy. 2. Paul Libby, born June 14,
1896; a graduate of Thornton Academy and now
a student of the Harvard Dental College, from
which he was graduated with the class of June
20, 1918. He has enlisted in the medical service
of the United States and is a member of the Har-
vard Regiment, R. O. T. C; he is also a member
of the Psi Omega of Harvard. Airs. Willson is
a woman of remarkable ability and is very active
in the work of women in this State. She is a
member of the Maine State Federation of Wo-
men's Clubs, the Wardwell Home of Saco, the
Saco Branch of Alliance, chairman of the Red
Cross Knitting Committee, York County Chapter,
and a member of the Alumni Society of Thorn-
ton Academy. Like her husband she is a mem-
ber of the Unitarian church and is very active in
Unitarian circles, being a life member of the
American Unitarian Association.

CHARLES MARTIN SLEEPER, M.D.—

There is no physician practiciiv; m Soiilliwestcrn
Maine today who holds a mon. enviable position
in the esteem of his fellow citizens than Dr.
Charles Martin Sleeper, who has for many years
conducted at South Berwick and vicinity a large
and higli-class practice and has grown to be most
closely associated with the medical profession in
that region. He is not himself a native of Maine,
having been born in the neighboring State of
New Hampshire, where his father was a school
teacher in the town of Lakeport for many years.
Alvah Sleeper was a man well known in his com-
munity and everywhere highly honored. He
married Rebecca Davis and they resided at Lake-
port for many ^-ears.

Born June 20, 1856, at Lakeport, New Hamp-
shire, Charles Martin Sleeper spent the early
years of his life at that town. He attended for
a time the public scliools of Lakeport and there
gained the elementary portion of his education.
Later, however, he was sent to the Franklin
Academy at Franklin, New Hampshire, where he
was prepared for college and then matriculated
at the Bowdoin Medical School, having deter-
mined in the meantime to take up medicine as
his profession. He graduated from the latter
institution with the class of 1883 and immediately
located at South Berwick, Maine, where he en-
gaged in the practice of his profession. From
that day to the present Dr. Sleeper has continu-
ously developed his large practice until he has
come to reach his present position in the com-
munity. But it has not been only in connection
with the profession of medicine that Dr. Sleeper
has made a name for himself among his fellow
citizens. There have been few men who have
taken luorc active parts in public affairs than
he, and he has occupied some extremely impor-
tant posts both in city and State politics. He is
a strong Democrat, and it was on that party's
ticket that he was elected to the Maine Legisla-
ture in 1907. He served on this body continu-
ously until 1911, inclusive, and did much in that
capacity to assist in reform legislation. His
next office was as member of the Governor's Ex-
ecutive Council, of which most important and re-
sponsible body he was chairman from 191 5 to
1916. In the latter year he was appointed by
President Wilson, collector of customs, for the
federal district of Maine and New Hampshire
and is at the present time serving in that post.
Dr. Sleeper is also a prominent figure in the so-
cial and fraternal life in the communitj", par-
ticularly in his association with the Masonic Or-

HISTORY OF MAINE

dcr. He is a member of St. John's Lodge, No.
51, Free and Accepted Masons, and was for three
years master of that lodge, of Unity Chapter,
Royal Arch Masons, and high priest of the
chapter for three years. He is past grand
scribe of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of
Maine. Dr. Sleeper is a member of the New-
chawanick Club, South Berwick, Maine. In
his religious belief he is a Free Baptist and at-
tends the First Church of that denomination at
South Berwick, and it is at this attractive town
that he has his dwelling, and has practiced his
profession there since July, 1883.

On June 26, 1884, Dr. Sleeper was united in
marriage at Brunswick, Maine, with Julia Flor-
ence Uniacke, a daughter of Charles and Deborah
Uniacke, old and highly respected residents of
Channing, Nova Scotia. To Dr. and Mrs. Sleeper
two children have been born as follows: Mildred
Bertha, May 4, 1889, and Roger Davis, February
16, 1892.

SPAULDING SMITH, one of the most suc-
cessful stock raisers and dealers in horses, cattle
and sheep, of East Wilton, Maine, and a promi-
nent figure in the life of that community during
the generation just past, was a native of Hart-
land, Vermont, where his birth occurred Feb-
ruary 14, 1802. At an early age he came to this
town and continued to reside here until the time
of his death, September 27, 1868.

Mr. Smith was a son of Captain Simon and
Olive (Freeman) Smith, Captain Smith holding
that rank in the Vermont militia, and was a
prominent man in his community. The early life
of Spaulding Smith was spent at his native town
of Hartland, Vermont, where he received his edu-
cation at the local public school, but his advan-
tages in this particular were extremely limited,
and while still young he began work for his father
on the latter's farm. Upon reaching manhood,
Mr. Smith in association with his brother Simon,
purchased a farm in northern Vermont and
worked it for some four years, meeting with a
high degree of success in their enterprise. At
the time of his marriage, however, this associa-
tion was severed and Mr. Smith closed out his
business and came to Maine. Twenty-five years
later, however, he went to La Salle county, Illi-
nois, where he purchased land and invested his
money. He did not give up his home in the
East, however, but resided at East Wilton, mak-
ing yearly trips to the West. He engaged in
Illinois, in a sort of banking business, and loaned
money to the farmers in that region, continuing

in this business until the close of his life. In
East Wilton he owned a number of farms and
there engaged in raising cattle, sheep and horses,
and also raised mules, taking his animals to the
canal towns, and to New York City, where he
found a large market for them. He was very
successful in these operations, and was recognized
as one of the most substantial dealers in this part
of the State. Mr. Smith was keenly interested
in the general welfare of the community, and
was a man of very high honor and integrity. In
his business matters his motto was, "in helping
others he helped himself"; he was exact without
meanness — exacting what was his due, without
harshness — rendering unto everyone the measure
he claimed for himself. The poor debtor found
in him a lenient creditor; the dishonest one, a
stern opposer. He did not identify himself with
any political party, but depended solely upon his
own judgment in all questions of public inter-
est, and voted independently for the measure or
candidate which he thought best for the good
of the community.

Mr. Smith was a man of retiring and modest
disposition and had the affection as well as the
esteem of his fellow citizens here and of his
associates in the West. He took a very keen
enjoyment in out-door life, and was devoted to
his business. He loved horses and livestock,
and was a most excellent judge of the same. His
instincts were strongly domestic, and his chief
happiness was to be found amidst his family by
ills own fireside. His public spirit was prover-
bial, and the community in which he lived is the
better for his having resided there. Such men
as Air. Smith are richly deserving of the grati-
tude of their fellowmen, and are especially to be
remembered in a work of this character as rep-
resentative of the best type of citizenship and
that class of men who have done most to further
the welfare of their communities. Mr. Smith
was a man of strong religious feelings, and at-
tended the Universalist Church at East Wilton
for many years.

Spaulding Smith was united in marriage in Jan-
uary, 1833, with Sarah Rich, daughter of Moody
Rich, a distinguished resident of Maidstone, Ver-
mont, where he was judge of probate for many
years. Their marriage occurred at Maidstone,
and they later came to East Wilton to make their
home. Mrs. Smith was one of a family of nine
children, all of whom are passed away. Mr. and
Mrs. Smith were the parents of five children as
follows: Augustus S., who died at the age of
nine years; a child who died in infancy; a second

iclcTia, c/^nit/i

c^ .Ca^^^.y^ — & r^a^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

child who died in infancy; Charles M., who mar-
ried Mary Hudson, of Earlville, La Salle county,
Illinois; Ella O., who became the wife of Major
Belcher, who is the subject of extended mention
elsewhere in this work.

SAMUEL CLIFFORD BELCHER, major of
the United States Army, and a distinguished sol-
dier during the Civil War, is one of the best
known citizens of Farmington, Maine, and a
member of an old New England family, which
was founded in this country by Gregory Belcher
during the early Colonial period. The Belcher
family is an exceedingly ancient one and was
well known in early English history in connec-
tion with Northamptonshire, where the family
seat was situated as early as the reign of Henry
VIII, when Edmund Belcher resided at Guilds-
borough. The name is of Norman origin and
we have among the list of grants at the time of
Henry VIII, record of Alexander Belcher, the
son of Edmund Belcher above mentioned, being
placed in lawful possession of the hamlet of
Northoft, which included, beside the land, a vil-
lage of nineteen houses. In the seventeenth cen-
tury we find a number of men bearing this name,
who came to the new world from England and
in especial, four immigrants, named respectively
Jeremy or Jeremiah, Edward, Andrew and Greg-
ory, who settled in the British province of Mas-
sachusetts Bay. Jeremiah Belcher was born in
1612 and came to Ipswich, where he was made
a freeman in 1638. Edward Belcher made his
home in Boston and was made a freeman in 1631
of that city. Andrew Belcher was the ancestor
of Governor Belcher and settled in Sudbury, Mas-
sachusetts, in 1639.

(I) Gregory Belcher was an original member
of the first church founded in Braintree, Massa-
chusetts. He took the oath administered to
those desiring to become freemen in 1640, and
in 1645 it is recorded that he was a committee-
man "to Lay out the High waye through Dor-
chester Woods from Braintree Bounds to Rox-
bury bounds." He resided in Boston Town
after 1634 and evidently was a man of importance
and influence in the early day of the metropolis
of New England. He died in Boston, Novem-
ber 25, 1674, (Farmer says, June 21, 1659), and his
widow, Katherine Belcher, died either in 1679
or 1680. They had eight children, among whom
were: Josiah, born in 1631; Samuel, born Au-
gust 24, 1637; Joseph, born December 25, 1641.

(II) Josiah, son of Gregory and Elizabeth
Belcher, was born in Boston in 1631. He was

one of the twenty-eight "Brethren who came off
for the First Church in Boston, New England,
and laid the foundation of the Third Church,
partly on May 12, 1669, partly on May 16, 1669,"
according to the register of the Third Church,
familiarly known as the Old South Church, Bos-
ton. He was married, March 3, 1655, to Ranis,
daughter of Elder Edward Raynsford, who came
in the fleet with Winthrop; was a brother of Lord
Chief Justice Raynsford, the immediate succes-
sor of Sir Mathew Hale; one of the substantial
men of the town of Boston and often mentioned
in its history, being deacon in the First Church,
and with his wife Elizabeth and daughter Ranis,
wife of Josiah Belcher, became members of the
Third Church in 1674. Raynsford Island, Bos-
ton Harbor, which he owned, still preserves the
name. Josiah and Ranis (Raynsford) Belcher
had twelve children; Josiah died in Boston, April
3, 1683, and his widow, October 2, 1691.

(III) Edward, eighth child of Josiah and Ranis
(Raynsford) Belcher, was born in Boston, Jan-
uary 19, 1669, and late in life removed to the
town of Stoughton, where he purchased an estate
and spent the last years of his life. He died
March 16, 1745, and his widow died March 5,
1752. He married Mary Clifford, and they had
six children. The youngest of these was named
Clifford, his mother's maiden surname.

(IV) Clifford, youngest son of Edward and
Mary (Clifford) Belcher, was married June 24,
1740, to Mehitable, daughter of Samuel and Sarah
(Clap) Bird, and granddaughter of John and
Elizabeth (Williams) Bird, of Dorchester. He
inherited his father's estate in Stoughton, and
greatly added to it, residing there up to the time
of his death, which occurred April 26, 1773. His
widow, who was born in Dorchester, December 8,
1706, died in Stoughton, February 20, 1779.

(V) Supply, sixth child of Clifford and Mehit-
able (Bird) Belcher, was born in that part of
Stoughton, Massachusetts, now known as Sharon,
March 29, 1751-52. He received a good English
education, but did not take up the classics, as
he intended to engage in merchandising. He
became a merchant in Boston, and on the out-
break of the American Revolution returned to
Stoughton, where he purchased a large farm and
also was the proprietor of Belcher's Tavern on
the Taunton road, now the village of South Can-
ton, Massachusetts. Suffering considerable losses,
by reason of the long period of war, in which he
served under a commission of captain received
from General Washington, he migrated in 1785
to the District of Maine and located with his

HISTORY OF MAINE

family on the Kennebec river at Hallowell, now
Augusta. He lived in Hallowell, 1785-91, and
while there was captain of the North Company of
militia. In 1791 he removed his family to Sandy
river township and became a leader among the
new settlers, and as agent of the proposed town-
ship he went before the General Court in Boston,
and secured an act of incorporation, and was
elected the first town clerk and justice of the
peace. He was the first representative of the
town to the General Court of Massachusetts, serv-
ing in 1798 and 1801 and later in 1809, when he
was a colleague of Nathan Cutter, the town hav-
ing increased so in population as to be entitled
to two representatives. He was also a select-
man of the town in 1796 and 1797, and for many
years was a prominent teacher of the local pub-
lic school. He had a wide reputation for skill
in the art of surgery and in the administration
of simple medical remedies, and although not a
professional or licensed physician, was frequently
called in cases where no regular physician could
be obtained. Mr. Belcher was also an accom-
plished musician and a member of the Stoughton
Musical Society, and was a performer on the vio-
lin and the composer of a collection of sacred
music published under the title of "Harmony of
Maine." Indeed he gained so wide a reputa-
tion in this line that he became popularly known
as the "Handel of Maine." He was the first
choir leader in the church at Hallowell. Supply
Belcher married May 2, 1775, Margaret More, a
daugliter of William and Margaret (lohnson)
More, who was also a well known musician. Mr.
Belcher died in Farmington, Maine, June 9, 1836,
and his wife on May 14, 1839, in the eighty-third
year of her age. They were the parents of the
following children: Abigail Dot}', and Margaret
Doty (twins), born May 27, 1776, at Stoughton,
Massachusetts; Clifford, who is mentioned at
length below; Samuel, born July 18, 1780; Ben-
jamin More, born August 4, 1782; Mehitable, born
October 17, 1784, died September 20, 1785; Me-
hitable, born June i, 1787, at Augusta, Maine, and
became the wife of Joseph Titcomb; Hiram, born
February 23, 1790; Martha Stoyell, born Feb-
ruary 20, 1793, at Farmington, Maine, and married
Thomas Hunter; Betsey, born April 6, 1797, and
died September 27, 1804.

(VI) Clifford (2) Belcher, son of Supply and
Margaret (More) Belcher, was born January 17,
1778, at Stoughton, Massachusetts. He was
thirteen years of age when his father removed
to Sandy River Valley and accompanied him
there, the journey being made through the wilder-

ness in mid-winter, and the travel being so bad
on account of bad roads and deep snows that five
days were occupied in making the trip. .\t Sandy
River Valley, he assisted his father in the culti-
vation of his farm, a property which is now the
center of the town site of Farmington, and con-
tinued thus occupied until his twenty-first birth-
day, when he secured a mercantile position, al-
though he still continued to aid his father occa-
sionally. He was a man of business acumen,
and became the possessor of a large property, in-
cluding a valuable business site in the town. He
married, January 27, 181 1, Deborah Allen, daugh-
ter of the Rev. Timothy and Sarah (Williams)
Fuller, and granddaughter of the Rev. Abraham
Williams of Sandwich, Massachusetts. They
were the parents of six children as follows: Caro-
line Williams, born October 18, 1812, and became
the wife of Nehemiah Abbott, a representative
in the Thirty-fifth United States Congress; Sam-
uel Clifford, who is mentioned at length below;
Deborah Ann, born December 10, 1816, and bo-
came the wife of Captain Charles Gill; Clifford,
born March 23, 1819, a graduate of Harvard,
where he won the degree of Bachelor of Arts
in 1837; Abraham William Fuller, born August
26, 1821; Timothy Fuller, born August 3, 1823.

(VII) Samuel Belcher, eldest son of Clifford
(2) and Deborah Allen (Fuller) Belcher, was born
at Farmington, Maine, December 8, 1814. He
received his education at Farmington Academy,
and afterwards studied law in the office of his
uncle, Hiram Belcher. Here he pursued his
studies to such good purpose that he was ad-
mitted to the Kennebec bar on December 8, 183S,
the day on which he reached his majority. He
then removed to Orono, Maine, where he prac-
ticed law for two years, but afterwards returned
to his native town and opened a law office there.
He was active in local affairs and held a number
of public offices, including that of town clerk,
from 1838 to 1840, and postmaster from 1840 to
1849. He also represented Farmington in the
Alaine State Legislature in 1840, 1849 and 1850,
and was clerk of that body, from 1845 to 1848
He was Speaker of the House in 1849 and 1850,
.ind in 1852 was elected Judge of Probate of the
County of Franklin, a position which he held for
ten years at that time and again from 1879 to
1884. He was also county attorney from 1862
to 1879. Mr. Belcher was identified with a num-
ber of important institutions in that region, and
was a trustee of the Farmington Academy, from
1845 until it was made the Farmington Normal
School. He had a large law practice and was

BIOGRAPHICAL

very influential in the community, an influence
which he consistently exerted for its good. Sam-
uel Belcher married, May 9, 1837, Martha Caro-
line Hepzibah Abbott, eldest daughter of Asa
and Caroline (Williams) Abbott, who was born
September 18, 1819. They were the parents of
the following children: Samuel Clifford, with
whom we are here especially concerned; Anna
Gill, born June 21, 1841, and died August 23,
1842; Abbott, born March 17, 1843; William
Fuller, born March 13, 1845; Fuller, born Sep-
tember 13, 1852, and died June 24, 1861; Hamilton
Abbott, born August l8, 1854; Mary Caroline,
born July 25, 1856, and became the wife of James
Hayes Waugh, and they have two children, a son
and a daughter.

(Vni) Samuel Clifford Belcher, eldest son of
Samuel and Martha Caroline Hepzibah (Abbott)
Belcher, was born March 20, 1839, at his father's
home in Farmington. As a lad he attended the
local public school, where he was prepared for
college, and in 1853, though only fourteen years
of age, matriculated at Bowdoin College. He
was a brilliant student and graduate with the de-
gree of A.B. in 1857. Immediately upon grad-
uation, he was appointed preceptor of Foxcraft
Academy, a position which he held for three
years, and tlien in i86o, took up the study of the
law in the office of the Hon. Nehemiah Abbott,
at Belfast, Maine. It took but one year for the
brilliant mind of Mr. Belcher to master his com-
plicated subject, and in 1861, shortly after his
twenty-first birthday, he was admitted to the
Franklin county bar. At about the same time
the outbreak of the Civil War prevented him from
carrying out his original intentions, and he
turned his efforts to recruiting a company of
soldiers for service in the army of his country.
He rendered valuable assistance in raising the
Sixteenth Maine Volunteer Regiment, and on
June 4, 1862, received his commission as captain
of a company in this body. Shortly after this
promotion, his regiment was ordered to the front,
and from that time on to the close of hostilities,
he saw much active service. He participated in
the battle of Fredericksburg, where he was slight-
ly wounded, and in the battles of the Chancellors-
ville campaign, where he personally led his com-
pany. His regiment was also present at the
battle of Gettysburg and saw fighting on the
first, second and third days of July. It was his
regiment selected to cover the retreat of the
First Corps, in the first day of the battle, and it
was well established that the Sixteenth Maine
'icld a position from which two regiments had

previously been obliged to fall back, on account
of the terrible onslaught of the Confederates.
How desperate was this engagement may be
gained from the fact that the position was only
held at the cost of every man, save forty, who
heroically held their ground until surrounded and
captured. Another famous episode connected
with this terrific struggle was that of the order
issued by Captain Belcher to save the regimental
colors by cutting them in pieces and distributing
a portion to each one of the new survivors, who
thus prevented it from falling into the hands of
the enemy. Captain Belcher was one of the
forty captured by the Confederates, but on the
march to Libby prison, where they were confined,
was able to elude tlic vigilance of his guards, and
escaped back to the Federal lines. He then
w ent to Wasliington and, having no regiment to
which to report, was assigned to the staff of
General Heintzelman as aide-de-camp, that of-
ficer being in command of the Department of
Washington, District of Columbia. The Six-
teenth Maine was finally recruited once more,
whereupon he rejoined it in November, 1863,
and took part in the campaign of the Wilder-
ness, being present at the battles of Mine Run,
the Wilderness, and Spottsylvania, being severely
wounded at the last named engagement by a bul-
let which pierced his skull and nearly penetrated
his brain. In the terrible confusion following
these great conflicts, Captain Belcher lay with-
out relief for seventeen days, before the bullet
could be removed, and the great strain so weak-
ened him, that he was not able to rejoin the
army until after the surrender of the Confed-
erates. On June I, 1864, while in the field, he
was commissioned major, by Governor Coney,
in recognition of his gallant services, and held
that rank at the time of his honorable discharge
in 1S65. Major Belcher then returned to Farm-
ington, Maine, where he resumed the practice
of the law, and was soon recognized as one of
the leaders of the bar in this region. He was
also made an overseer of Bowdoin College and
was a member of the Maine Historical Society
and the American Bar Association. General
Belcher has been closely identified with a num-
ber of military and fraternal orders in this region,
for many years, and is a member of the Maine
Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion
of the L^nited States, and he is also prominently
associated with the Masonic order, being past
master of Maine Lodge, Ancient Free and Ac-
cepted Masons; past high priest Franklin Chap-
ter, Royal Arch Masons; past nu-.stcr of Jcphthah

HISTORY OF MAINE

Council, Royal and Select Masters, and a member
of Pilgrim Commandery, Knights Templar. He
was appointed inspector general on the staff
of Governor Garcilon, with the rank of brigadier-
general. In 1876 and in 1878 he was the unsuc-
cessful Democratic candidate for Congress for
the Second District of Maine.

General Belcher was united in marriage Jan-
uary 19, 1869, with Ella Olive Smith, a daughter
of Spaulding and Sarah (Rich) Smith, of Wilton,
and they were the parents of one daughter, Fran-
ces Spaulding Belcher, who was born November
27, 1869, at Farmington.

SENATOR LEON FORREST HIGGINS has

been prominent in the public eye in connection
with public aflfairs for many years, his first ap-
pearance being in 1900, as an alderman of Brewer,
Maine. From that time he has steadily in-
creased in public esteem, and has filled many of-
fices of constantly increasing importance. In
1913 he came into State-wide view as a member
of the Maine House of Representatives, and is
now president of the Maine Senate. He re-
moved his residence to Brewer in 1875, and has
since resided in that city. A Republican in poli-
tics, he has not only impressed himself upon the
life of that party and risen to leadership, but
in so doing he has gained the respect of even
his political opponents who ascribe to his purity
of motive and fairness in his antagonisms. He
is a son of Forrest Richard and Carrie M. Hig-
gins, his father a Civil War veteran, lumberman
and contractor, of Ellsworth, Maine.

Leon Forrest Higgins was born in Ellsworth,
Hancock, county, Maine, April 29, 1870. He was
educated in the public schools of Bangor and
Brewer, Maine, and was variously employed,
finally becoming head of an insurance business
now well established in Bangor. In Brewer he
was one of the incorporators of the Brewer Sav-
ings Bank, and has other important business in-
terests. Mr. Higgins was always an active party
man and interested in the success of Republican
principles. He was elected an alderman of the
city of Brewer, Maine, serving in 1900-01, and
the following year he was elected mayor of the
city, and twice was elected to succeed himself,
his term of office covering the years, 1902-03-04.
For the succeeding ten years he was chairman of
the Republican City Committee of Brewer, and
in 1913 was elected to represent said city in the
House of Representatives. He served in the
house two terms with credit, until 1917. then
was elected State Senator from Penobscot county.

In 1919 he succeeded himself as State Senator,
and is now serving his second term, 1919-21.
At the opening of the session of 1919 Senator
Higgins was elected president of the Senate,
which distinguished honor is now his. This
record of public service reveals Senator Higgins
as a man of forceful character, clear and sound
in judgment, public-spirited and progressive, able
to lead without appealing to the passions and
prejudicies of men. He has won his position
among the State leaders of his party, and with the
past as a guide, his political future seems very
bright.

Senator Higgins is a member of Rising Virtue
Lodge, No. 10, Free and .Accepted Masons, Ban-
gor, Maine; Mt. Moriah Chapter, No. 6, Royal
.\rch Masons; St. John's Commandery, No. 3,
Knights Templar, all of Maine. He is a mem-
ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
and is a past grand master of the order in Maine.
He is also a member and past chancellor com-
mander of Colonel Brewer Lodge, No. 56,
Knights of Pythias. His clubs are the Kendus-
l;eag, Canoe, and Country, of Bangor; the Coun-
try, of Northport; Lincoln, of Portland; and the
Bangor Chamber of Commerce. In religious
faith he is affiliated with the First Methodist
Church of Brewer.

Senator Higgins married, in Brewer, Maine,
October 21, 1891, Josephine H. Shackley, daugh-
ter of Joseph M. and Eliza Holyoke Shackley.
Children: Dorrice Mae, born December 16, 1894;
Donald Shackley, born January 6, 1897.

WILLIAM G. SOULE, a well known and pub-
lic spirited citizen of Portland, Maine, where he
is engaged in business as a commission merchant
at No. 208 Commercial street, is a native of this
State, having been born at the town of Water-
ville, a son of Thomas J. and Mary A. (Gilbert)
Soule. highly respected residents of that place,
and a descendant of the oldest families of New
England, where for many generations it has
played a part of distinction in public affairs. The
founder of the family in this country was George
Soule, who came here on the Mayflower and was
one of those to sign the famous compact entered
into by the passengers of that vessel. William
G. Soule's early education was obtained at the
jniblic schools of his native town, where one of
his instructors was the late Hon. H. M. Plaisted,
subsequently governor of Maine. The lad was
later sent to the Waterville Institute and grad-
uated from that excellent school at the age of
seventeen years. LTpon completing his studies

^^.^.-.-.tAi^^.^

BIOGRAPHICAL

he came to Portland, Maine, and here secured a
clerical position in the office of his uncle, J. J.
Gilbert, and spent a year in that gentleman's em-
ploy. He then became a clerk in a mercantile
house on Commercial street, Portlaiid, where he
remained but a short time, yet long enough to
become acquainted with the business. His next
move was to New Bedford, Massachusetts, where
he engaged in the lumber business in partner-
ship with a Mr. Noble under the firm name of
Noble & Soule. This enterprise was successful,
and Mr. Soule remained so engaged for about
one year, but then withdrew to enter the United
States Secret Service, from which, after a few
months' time he entered in the navy. This was
at the time of the outbreak of the Civil War and
he very soon saw much active service and was
present at the battles of Cape Hatteras, Charles-
ton and Port Royal. For a time, also, he was
engaged in blockade duty and was then trans-
ferred to New York and Boston to aid in the
transportation of troops to the South. Early in
1864 he came to Portland once more and after
receiving his honorable discharge, again took up
mercantile pursuits and entered the employ of
Henry Fling, who conducted a wholesale grocery
business in this city. Shortly afterwards he pur-
chased an interest in the business, the name of
which has thereupon changed to Henry Fling &
Company, but Mr. Fling's death again altered
the constitution of the firm which then became
Weymouth, Soule & Company. It thus con-
tinued until the death of Mr. Weymouth, when
a number of new partners were admitted and
the style changed to Davis, Berry & Company,
the partners consisting of Abner Davis, Joseph
S. Berry, Leonard Williams and Mr. Soule, all
of whom save the last named have passed to their
reward. On account of ill health Mr. Soule was
obliged to retire from active business about
this time (1868), and for two years was occupied
in gaining his health and strength. In 1870,
however, when this had been attained, he en-
gaged in the insurance business for a time, and
then returned to his old line by becoming as-
sociated with the firm of Smith, Gage & Com-
pany, wholesale grocers. After four years with
this concern he entered the employ of Tarbox,
Carney, Parsons & Company, wholesale druggists,
where he became bookkeeper and condential
clerk, and where he spent four years. It was
at the close of that period that Mr. Soule en-
gaged on his own account in the business that
he has conducted with so much success ever
since. He opened his office as broker and com-

luission merchant at its present location on Com-
mercial street and is now known widely in busi-
ness circles here and elsewhere. Mr. Soule has
represented many of the largest business houses
in the country and has won for himself a reputa-
tion second to none for integrity and capability.

Mr. Soule is a staunch Republican and has been
very active in public afifairs. He has served as a
member of the Portland City Council as a repre-
sentative from Ward Two in 1864 and 1865, and
from Ward One in 1879 and 1880. In 1889 he
was appointed by Governor Burleigh as one of
the commisisoners to represent the State of
}^Iaine at the Washington Centennial on the 13th
of .\pril in that year. Each State was repre-
sented by its governor and his staff, as well as
by the committee chosen especially for the pur-
pose. This lasted for several days. At the time
of the introduction of the Australian ballot sys-
tem to the city here, Mr. Soule was one of the
candidates for nomination for mayor of Portland.
He declined the honor, however, and withdrew in
favor of George W. True, who was nominated
and eventually elected. Mr. Soule is an honorary
member of the Eighth and Thirteenth Maine
Regiments; a member of the Lincoln Club of
Portland, and has been chairman of its executive
committee since its organization in 1890, and
later a vice-president, a member of the Whole-
sale Grocers' Association; and at one time a
member of the Portland Board of Trade. Mr.
Soule is a man of wide culture, of artistic taste
and literary ability. He is the author of many
delightful poems which he has published from
time to time. He was a warm personal friend
of John Greenleaf Whittier, whom he used to visit
often. He is a man of a genial and warm-
hearted disposition, and finds his chief happi-
ness in his family and home.

William G. Soule was united in marriage on
the third day of July, 1866, with Fannie E. Davis,
the adopted daughter of Captain George W. and
Joanna Y. (Pomeroy) Davis. Three children
have been born to them: Georgianna, deceased;
Ardella M., and Eugenie F. Mrs. Soule was on
her father's vessel, the barque Tennessee when it
was wrecked off the coast of France.

FRANKLIN MELLEN DREW, veteran of the
Civil War, who received distinction for his gal-
lant and meritorious military record in that con-
flict, a lawyer, whose services in public affairs
have added to his prominence, a student, whose
interest and efforts have contributed to the ad-
vancement of education, and an authority on

HISTORY OF MAINE

local genealogical history, is in every way emi-
nently worthy of the old and distinguished name
which he bears.

(I) His family dates back to the progenitor,
John Drew, who is believed to have been a son
of William Drew, and a grandson of Sir Edward
Drew, who was knighted by Queen Elizabeth in
1589. He was born in England, about 1642, and
came to Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1660. He
married there, in 1673, Hannah Churchill, daugh-
ter of John Churchill. Their children were:
Elizabeth, born 1673; John, 1676; Samuel, 1678;
Thomas, 1681; Nicholas, of whom further; and
Lemuel, 1687.

(II) Nicholas Drew, son of John and Hannah
(Churchill) Drew, was born in 1684. He mar-
ried (first) Abigail . Their children were:

Joshua, born 1709; Josiah, 171 1 ; Nicholas, of
whom further; Lemuel, 1715. He married (sec-
ond) Rebecca Norton. Children: Joanna, born
1717; Lucy, 1719; James, 1721; Abigail, 1723. He
married (third) Lydia Doggett. Child, Rebecca,
born 1731.

(HI) Nicholas (2) Drew, son of Nicholas (i)
and Abigail Drew, was born in 1713. In 1730
he married Bathsheba Kempton. Their chil-
dren were: Abigail, born 1737; Abigail, 1739;
Lois, 1741; Nicholas, 1743; Josiah, 1745; Abbet(?),
1747; Samuel, 1749; David, 1752; Stephen, of
whom further.

(IV) Stephen Drew, son of Nicholas (2) and
Bathsheba (Kempton) Drew, was born in 1754,
and died about 1825. In 1800 he removed to
Middleboro, Massachusetts, and later to Buck-
field, Oxford county, Maine, where he was one
of the early settlers. He married Jerusha
Bryant. Their children were: Stephen, of whom
further; Josiah, Lewis, Bathsheba, and two others.

(V) Stephen (2) Drew, son of Stephen (i) and
Jerusha (Bryant) Drew, married, in March, 1805,
Anna Bisbee, and lived in Turner, Maine. Their
children were: Arvilla and Phidelia, twins, born
June 7, 1806; Jesse, of whom further; Louisa,
born November 23, 1810; and Mary, born April
13, 1813.

(VI) Jesse Drew, the only son of Stephen (2)
and Anna (Bisbee) Drevir, was born September
21, 1808. He removed from his home in Turner
Maine, to Paris, Oxford county, in 1850, and re-
sided there until he went to Aroostook county,
in 1853, and settled, first at Letter Hand, then at
Fort Fairfield, where he spent the remainder of
his life. He was very active in public affairs,
and a potent factor in local politics of the Re-
publican party, one of its leaders in that region.

He married (first) in May, 1834, Hannah T.
Phillips, who died at Paris, August 31, 1852. His
death occurred at the residence of his son,
Franklin Mellen Drew, in Lewiston, August 31,
1890. Their children were: Hannah Gorham,
born July 27, 1835; Franklin Mellen, of whom
further; Delphina M., born November 24, 1839;
Anna P., born January 5, 1842; George E., born
March 3, 1845. He married (second) December
21, 1857, Clarissa Wellington. Their children
were: Gertrude H., born July 21, 1859; Morrill
N., born May 27, 1862.

(VII) Franklin Mellen Drew, son of Jesse and
Hannah T. (Phillips) Drew, was born July 19,
1837, at Turner, Maine. Here he lived with his
parents until the age of thirteen, when the family
removed to Paris, Oxford county, Maine, vi'here
the early part of the lad's education was re-
ceived. He was later sent to the academy at
Hebron, Maine, preparatory to his matriculation
at Bowdoin College, in 1854, where he took the
regular classical course and was graduated with
the class of 1858. In the following year, 1859,
he entered the law office of ex-United States
Senator James W. Bradbury and Governor Lot
M. Morrill, and was admitted to the Kennebec
county bar, April 3, 1861, and soon afterward to
the Aroostook county bar, where it was his in-
tention to establish a practice. He opened an
office in the town of Presque Isle, and very soon
became a citizen of prominence in that com-
munity, serving as assistant clerk in the House
of Representatives in 1860-61. During the first
year here, he received the nomination for county
attorney, but declined the honor in order to en-
list in the Civil War. On October 22, 1861,
he set about raising a company which became
Company G, Fifteenth Regiment of Volunteers,
of Maine, in which he received commission as
captain, in December of that year, for the ability
he displayed in handling men. The following
year he was promoted to the rank of major for
distinguished services in the Louisiana and
Florida campaigns, in each of which he proved
himself a faithful and courageous soldier. In
July, 1864, his regiment was ordered to Virginia
and served in the Shenandoah Valley. At the
expiration of his term of service, he was mus-
tered out, January 26, 1865. Later, in 1865, he
was brevetted by President Johnson colonel of
volunteers for "gallant and meritorious services."
.\fter he was mustered out of the military serv-
ice. Colonel Drew retired to civil life and again
took up the practice of law, settling in Bruns-
wick, Maine.

BIOGRAPHICAL

While a resident of tliat town he participated
more and more in the affairs of public life. From
1866 to 1867 he was clerk in the House of Rep-
resentatives, and in 1868 he was elected secre-
tary of the State of Maine and three times re-
elected. In 1872 he was appointed United States
pension agent at Augusta, which office he held
over five years, and until it was removed in July,
1877, to Concord, New Hampshire. In 1878 he
removed to Lewiston, Maine, where he has since
continued to make his home and to follow the
practice of his profession. In 1887 he was elected
judge of the Probate Court of Androscoggin
county and was re-elected three times. During
the sixteen years he was judge of probate he
rendered a great many decisions, some of much
importance, with the remarkable result that only
two appeals were sustained by the Supreme
Court. For many years he has been actively
and keenly interested in the advancement of edu-
cation in Maine, and in 1865 was elected secre-
tary of the board of trustees of Bowdoin Col-
lege, which position he held for twenty-nine
years, when he resigned, having been elected
treasurer of Bates College, which office he held
twenty-three years, when he resigned, and became
secretary of the Board of Fellows. In his de-
votion to educational matters, Colonel Drew has
labored untiringly and efficaciously. He is a
member of the Maine Historical Society, and has
shown much interest in the genealogy and his-
tory of the State. He is prominent in his af-
filiation with various Masonic bodies, in which
organization he has received the thirty-second
degree. He is a member of Ashler Lodge, An-
cient Free and Accepted Masons, of Lewiston;
King Hiram Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Dun-
lap Council, Royal and Select Masters; and
Lewiston Commandery, Knights Templar. He
has been commander of the Department of Maine,
Grand Army of the Republic, and commander of
the Loyal Legion. In religion he is affiliated
with the Pine Street (Lewiston) Congregational
Church. In politics he has always been a Re-
publican.

Judge Drew was united in marriage, January
3, 1861, with Araminta B. Woodman, the young-
est daughter of General Merrill Woodman, of
Naples, Maine. She died November 2, 191 1. To
them was born one child, Frank Newman Drew,
born November 24, 1862, who died September 29,
1864.

FRANK ASHLEY RUMERY— We have a
term whicli has originated in this country to

express a particular type of man who, though
not peculiar to ourselves, is probably more com-
mon here than anywhere else in the world. The
term is that of "self-made man," which expresses
with a certain pungent precision common to pop-
ular phrases a type with which we are all fa-
miliar. It would be difficult to discover a better
example of what is meant by the term than in
the person of Frank Ashley Rumery, who for
the past thirty-two years has been most closely
identified with the business interests of Portland,
Maine. He is a son of Charles F. and Mary L.
(Sawyer) Rumery, old residents of the town of
Hollis, Maine, where Mr. Romery, Sr., was born
in the year 1845, and where for many years he
conducted a successful lumber business. During
the last five years of Iiis life he resided in Port-
land, where he died in the month of April, 191 1,
at the age of sixty-six years. His wife is still
residing in this city. Mr. and Mrs. Rumery, Sr.,
were the parents of four children, as follows:
Frank Ashley, of whom further; Burleigh E., de-
ceased; Mary, now the wife of C. W. Waterman,
of Portland; and Cecil H., who died in the month
of August, 1915.

Born on May 7, 1867, at Hollis, Maine, Frank
Ashley Rumery resided in that city during the
first seventeen years of his life, and it was there
that he gained his education, attending for that
purpose the local public schools. Upon reach-
ing the age of seventeen, he left the parental roof
and made his way to Portland, in which place
he has since resided and which has formed the
scene of his active business career. Upon first
arriving in Portland, he became employed by
Air. A. D. Smith, under whose preceptorship he
learned a trade. Mr. Smith was one of the pio-
neer contractors of Portland, and had already de-
veloped an excellent business at the time when
Mr. Rumery entered into his establishment. The
young man showed such industry and ready
adaptability to his work that Mr. Smith admitted
him to partnership, the firm becoming Smith &
Rumery. In 191 1, however, Mr. Rumery sev-
ered this association and engaged in contracting
for himself, laying the foundation of his present
large and successful business. Since that time
he has been eminently successful, and the firm
F. A. Rumery & Company has erected some of
the handsomest buildings in Portland, notably
the Masonic Temple. Mr. Rumery is affiliated
with the Forest City Trust Company, and is a
very conspicuous figure in the financial life of
the place. He is a Republican in politics, but
has never had any ambition to hold office or in-

HISTORY OF MAINE

deed to enter public life at all. He is a con-
spicuous figure in the club and social circles of
the city, is a member of the Ancient Free and
Accepted Masons, the Woodfords, the Economic
and the Civic clubs of Portland. In his relig-
ious belief, Mr. Rumery is a member of the Con-
gregational church and attends the Woodford
Church of that denomination.

On May 7, 1890, Mr. Rumery was united in mar-
riage at Gorham, Maine, with Ida May Hamblen,
a daughter of Archelaus L. and Harriett Ellen
(Carll) Hamblen. To Mr. and Mrs. Rumery the
following children have been born: Harriett
Carll, March 13, 1891 ; Gladys Merle, June 22,
1892; Earle Hamblen, February 20, 1900; Hope
Woodbury, January 26, 1903; and Dwight Ashley,
May 8, 1904.

The type that has become familiar to the
world as the successful New Englander, prac-
tical and worldly-v^rise, yet governed in all matters
by the most scrupulous and strict ethical code,
is nowhere better exemplified than in the person
of Mr. Rumery, a figure who carries down into
our own times something of the substantial qual-
ity of the past. The successful men of an earlier
generation who were responsible for the great
industrial and mercantile development of New
England experienced, most of them, in their own
lives the juncture of two influences, calculated
in combination to produce the marked charac-
ters by which we recognize the type.

GEORGE ADDISON EMERY, one of the
leading attorneys and men of affairs of Saco,
Maine, where he is identified with many large
private interests and important public under-
takings, is a native of this place and a son of
Moses and Sarah Cutts (Thornton) Emery, high-
ly respected residents here. Mr. Emery was
born November 14, 1839, in his parent's home at
Saco, and his early education was received at the
local schools. He later entered Bowdoin Col-
lege, where he received the degree of A.B. and
was graduated with the class of 1863. His father
was an attorney here and the young man deter-
mined to follow the same profession, so that im-
mediately after his graduation he entered his
father's office and there began the study of his
chosen subject. This he pursued to such good
purpose that he was admitted to the bar of York
county in 1866 and the same year established him-
self in practice here. He very rapidly made a
reputation for himself for ability and learning,
and in 1867 was appointed judge of the Municipal
Court. He served in this capacity until the close

of 1871, when he returned to private practice
which he developed into one of great extent and
handled much of the important litigation of this
region. Another post that he held for several
years was that of court recorder in which he dis-
charged his duties to the satisfaction of all con-
cerned. In 1881 he was elected from this dis-
trict to the Maine State Legislature and was a
member of that body in that and the three years
following. He was city solicitor for a number
of years and served from 1890 to 1894, 1903 to
1904, and from 1908 to 1909. Mr. Emery is presi-
dent of the York Bar Association. Besides his
official and semi-official posts Mr. Emery is
prominently identified with a large number of
business concerns and organizations of a finan-
cial character, among which should be mentioned
the Provident Association, of which he has been
the general agent here since 1871, and the Laurel
Hill Cemetery Association, of which he is the
president. He is also a director of the York
National Bank, and has been its president; and
a trustee of the Saco Savings Bank, since June
10, 1906. Mr. Emery is a trustee and the sec-
retary and treasurer of Thornton Academy, and
he is a member of its Alumni Society. He is a
member of the board of the Dyer Library Asso-
ciation; a corporate member and the secretary of
the York Institute, and an officer in other edu-
cational organizations and societies, including the
Maine Historical Society. He is a Republican
in politics and a member of the Unitarian Church.
For more than a quarter of a century Mr. Emery
has been associated with the Masonic Society,
and for tvi^enty-five years when he resigned that
office had served as secretary of Saco Lodge.
Mr. Emery is unmarried.

FULLER DINGLEY— One of those men who
in the momentous days of the Civil War when
the Union was in danger enlisted to go to the
defense of his country. Fuller Dingley was a typ-
ical representative of the old New England cour-
age and energy. He came of a family which had
been in this country for many generations. Sav-
age's "Genealogical Dictionary" giving the first of
the name as Jacob Dingley, of Marshfield, who
died in 1691. The family spread to Duxbury,
and descendants of this man are to be found there
to this day. Stackpole's "History of Durham,"
Maine, refers to Millard and Jeremiah Dingley.
It was in this town that the Hon. Nelson Dingley
was born. The story is told of a certain Samuel
Mitchell, who brought his wife, Betsey Dingley,
from Cape Elizabeth all the way on horseback,

/////^V O ///r//r//

BIOGRAPHICAL

the couple living in a corn barn until their house
was built.

Fuller Dingley was born in Bowdoinham,
Maine, September 9, 1831, and died in Gardiner,
Maine, November 18, 1897. He was educated
at the public schools of his native town and was
afterwards sent to Litchfield Institute, and then
learned the trade of a carpenter. He went to
Newport, Rhode Island, to work, but at tlie out-
break of the Civil War he enlisted and served
as lieutenant of the Seventh Rhode Island In-
fantry. In the United States War Department
Records of the War of the Rebellion, Section I,
24, pt. 2, p. 571, the report of Colonel Zenas R.
Bliss commanding the Seventh Rhode Island
Regiment of the date of July 28, 1863, mentions
Lieutenant Fuller Dingley as follows: "I sent
Lieutenant Sullivan, regimental adjutant, and
Lieutenant Fuller Dingley with a company of
Twenty-ninth Massachusetts. They posted the
company as directed and started to return to
headquarters. They probably lost their way in
the darkness and walked into the enemy's lines
and were captured. We learned from rebel
prisoners that two lieutenants were taken prison-
ers from a position in the lines and sent imme-
diately to Richmond." Lieutenant Dingley was
sent to Andersonville, and other prisons, and in
1865 received honorable discharge. At the close
of the war Mr. Dingley came to Gardiner and
went into the hardware and coal business with
his brother, James B. Dingley, and remained in
this business with his brother until his death.
Mr. Dingley was a Republican in his politics but
never cared for office. His brother, on the other
hand, took an exceedingly active interest in all
municipal activities and served the city as mayor.
It is possible that the rheumatism that Mr.
Fuller contracted in his prison experience, and
which left him somewhat of an invalid all the
rest of his life, had its effect upon his ambition
to hold any position in the service of the town.
He was a member of the Grand Army of the Re-
public, and was an attendant of the Congrega-
tional church.

Mr. Dingley married, at Newport, Rhode Island,
September 9, 1857, Mary Jane Parkinson, daugh-
ter of William D. Southwick, and Fanny (Albro)
Southwick, both of them natives of Newport.
Mr. and Mrs. Dingley were the parents of two
children, only one of whom is now living: Emily
Goflf, who married, September 14, 1886, Charles
Francis Swift, who died July 3, 1912; they had one
child, Marion Dingley, who married Oxsheer
Meek Smith, June 27, 1914. Mr. Smith is the

president of the Citizens'
Cameron, Texas.

itional Bank

i:RnEST LeKOY GOODSPEED, one of the
most promising of the young lawyers of Gardi-
ner has by his excellent work in his profession
and ills keen interest in and support of Gardiner
activities won an excellent standing in that com-
munity.

He was born in Randolph, Maine, October 27,
1888, the son of LeRoy W. and Georgia (Good-
win) Goodspeed. As a boy he attended the pub-
lic schools of the locality and was graduated
from the Gardiner High School in 1904. He ma-
triculated at Bowdoin College and was graduated
in 1909. This was followed by work at the Uni-
versity of Maine Law School, from which he ob-
tained his legal degree m 1914. Since that time
he lias been practicing law in Gardiner, building
up in that period an excellent clientele and do-
mg work which gives much warrant for future
success. Although he has been busy in his ppj-
fessional work, he has not allowed that to inter-
fere in what he considers the obligations of a
citizen to take a share in the town affairs. He
has been especially interested in the work of the
board of education and has been a superintend-
ent of schools for the town of Randolph for two
years, and also served as a selectman of Ran-
dolph for a year. He has been also the city
solictior of Gardiner. In his political prefer-
ences Mr, Goodspeed is a Democrat. He is a
member of Herman Lodge, Free and Accepted
Masons; of the Elks of Gardiner, the Kappa Sig-
ma fraternity, the Phi Beta Kappa of Bowdoin
College, the legal fraternity. Phi Delta Phi, and
the Phi Kappa Phi. During the World War he
served in the United States army. He and his
family are members of the Episcopal church.

Mr. Goodspeed married, October 18, 1916,
Olive Paine, daughter of William E. and Alice
i'aiiie, of Hallowell, Maine, and they have one
child, Ernest LeRoy, Jr., born August 16, 1917.

EBEN EVANS SCATES was born in Ran-
dolph, New Hampshire, October 11, i860, the
second son of Sinette S. and Margaret (Booth-
man) Scales. The Scates were among the
earliest settlers of New Hampshire, emigrating
from England. Mr. Scates' father died when he
was four years old. Later his mother moved
to Bridgeton, Maine, where she married Joseph
Dufton. A year later they moved to Lisbon
Falls. Maine, where Mr. Dufton went into the

2-i

HISTORY OF MAINE

drug business. Mr. Scales was educated in the
public schools of Lisbon Falls.

In 1879 Mr. Scales came to Fort Fairfield as
manager of a drug store Mr. Duflon opened. The
latter died soon after this and Mr. Scales bought
out the business and has ever since conducted
it at the old stand, and is the only merchant in
Fort Fairfield doing business now who was in
trade in 1879. With his brother, Hon. John
Clark Scales, of Westbrook, Maine, he organ-
ized the Scales Lumber Company, and built a
shingle mill on the Aroostook river, near Fort
Fairfield, which he operated several years. In
1892, in company with C. D. Cults, he incorporated
the Cults & Scales Furniture Company, manu-
facturers, wholesale and retail dealers in all kinds
of furniture. In 1899, in company with W. L.
Collins, he established a drug store in Caribou,
Maine, under the name of Scales & Company,
and a few years later one in Washburn, Maine.
In these various activities he has shown great
energy.

He has also done his share in the service of
the community, having served for several years
as assessor of Fort Fairfield Village Corporation
and for a number of years as a member and chair-
man of the Fort Fairfield School Board. For
forty years he has been prominent in the rapid
progress and development of the Aroostook val-
ley, the garden of Maine. He is a Republican
in his political preferences, but has never en-
tered politics for ofifice or political preferment,
preferring to devote his energies and activities
ligedly to business. Mr. Scates all his life has
been very prominent and active in the fraternal
societies of his town and State. He is a member
of Eastern Frontier Lodge, Free and Accepted
Masons. In Odd Fellowship he has been espe-
cially active and prominent, having passed all the
chairs in the Subordinate Lodge, Encampment,
and Canton, and has held State grand offices in both
Grand Lodge and Grand Encampment, and has
been a colonel in Patriarchs Militant and on the
staff of General John C. Underwood, general
commanding the Patriarchs Militant of the
World. He attends the Congregational church,
of which his wife is a member. Mr. Scates de-
votes some of his spare time to literature. A
few years ago he published a book on Odd Fel-
lowship. He has just completed the manuscript
of a historical book that he will publish this
year, 1919, on the life of John and Sophia Baker,
who figured so prominently both locally and in-
ternationally in the events leading up to the
Aroostook War.

EAMES, EMMA (dc Gogorza, Emilio Mrs.,
pronounced Ames and Go-gor-tha) world-re-
nowned soprano and opera singer, v/as born in
Shanghai, China, Aug. 13, 1865. Though she first
saw the light of day under the fervid eauern
sun, she was of decided American ancestry .tikI
inherited the best traditions of New England.
The singer's father. Ithaniar Bellows Eainc = .
of Freeport, Maine, was the son of an East
India sea captain. Her mother was Emma (?Ia;-
den) Fames, of Bath, Maine, the daughter of
John and Martha (Brown) Hayden, the last
named being the daughter of a Bath pioneer,
one of the Lemonts of the colony settling at
Dromore. The Lemonts were of Huguenot blocd
and were originally French refugees to Ireland,
coming to America from Londonderry. Mme.
Eames' father, with a passion for adventure and
travel, began his career by running away to
sea. and as success attended his various mari-
time experiences, he became captain of a mer-
chantman. He finally decided to study law. and
graduated from the Harvard Law School. Start-
ing the practice of law in Boston. Massachusetts,
he visited Bath, Maine, where he was married
in December, 1861. He had been offered a most
renumerative practice in Shanghai, and, taking
his bride with him, he went to that city. It v;-is
quite in accordance with the sea-going tenden-
cies of the j'oung attorney for him to think of
taking his wife so far overseas on a wedding
journey. He was admitted to the bar of Shang-
hai, and remained for some time in China prac-
ticing law in the international courts. As this
was before the days of consular service his pro-
fessional duties were considerable. On Decem-
ber 19, 1863, a son, Hayden Eames, was born to
^Ir. and Mrs. Eames. The birth of their daugh-
ter occurred two years later. The family con-
tinued to live in Shanghai until 1870, when the
ill health of Mrs. Eames necessitated her return
to America. The children accompanied their
mother, while Mr. Eames stayed in Shanghai.

Mrs. Eames established her residence in Port-
land, Maine, where her daughter passed the
next five or six years of her life. There the
happiest years of her childhood were spent,
and there her school life began. In the midst
of this happy child life her father met with
reverses of fortune, as a result of which the
young girl was sent to Bath. Maine, to njake
her home with her grandparents, Mr. and Mrs.
John Hayden. Mrs. Eames continued her resi-
dence in Portland. There she directed the edu-
cation of her son, who was ultimatelv fitted for
the United States Naval .'Vcademv, from which

BIOGRAPHICAL

-'a

he graduated in 1882. Thus the formative period
of Emma Eames' life was spent quite apart from
parental love and influence, circumstances which
destined her for the most intense suffering. The
travail of her spirit at that time, its striving
to understand and conquer itself and the forth-
putting of her creative power in the struggle
for self-realization may have been the educa-
tional process by which the hitherto untrained
girl discovered the methods most effective to
her in mastering the obstacles of her art and in
commanding its secrets of skill. The formsl
process which she followed, however, consisted
of the study of music in Boston, Massachusetts.
This study, which she entered upon at the age
of seventeen, was made possible by her uncle,
General Thomas W. Hyde, who had been told
by various persons of discriminating judgment
of his niece's gift of voice. She studied with
Miss Munger, with Annie Payson Call, and
Delsarte, from whom she had private lessons.
She also, during this time, benefited from the
interest of many distinguished musicians, includ-
ing John Knowles Paine, professor at Har-
vard; Ernst Perabo, pianist and composer; and
William Gericke, conductor of the Boston
Smyphony Orchestra, 1884-89, who taught her
many of Schubert's songs. After studying one year,
the young soprano was given a lucrative position
as soloist in the Channing Church, Newton,
Massachusetts. Before another year she began
concert work and was engaged to sing the part
of one of the sprites in Schumann's "Manfred"
with the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

Mme. Eames' mother, realizing that her daugh-
ter had a musical foundation which warranted
her going on to a more adequate development
of her talents, decided to take her abroad to
study. They accordingly went to Paris, where
the singer studied with Madame Mathilde Mar-
ches!, a noted professor of singing, "a Prussian
from Frankfort," veritably, and an excellent drill
master. As in many instances before and since,
the young student did not pursue her way un-
hindered by some pernicious influences in the
vocal teaching she received, which might have
seriously hampered her artistic development.
She was fortunately thrown much upon her own
fine resources; and the beauty of her voice was,
moreover, indestructible. Like spirit in a tor-
tured body, it refused to be mutilated, disin-
tegrated or destroyed.

When Gounod wrote a ballet for his opera,
"Romeo and Juliet," to be given a specir.l pro-
duction at the Grand Onera whence it was to
be transferred from the Opera Comique, a Juliet

was needed. She w.is taken to Gounod, he was
so delighted with her voice and her gifts of
beauty and talent that he wanted her to sing
the part of Juliet, and desired to engage her at
once. This, and other operas of his composition,
sung by Mme. Eames, was taught her by Gounod,
himself. The directors were afraid of intrust-
ing such an important role on so great an oc-
casion to a person who had practically never
sung on any stage before, and insisted upon '.lav-
ing Patti sing the first six performances, with Jean
de Reszke, The success of the enterprise being
thus assured, the unsophisticated prima donna
was to replace Patti and to continue with the
role, if her success should warrant it.

Mme. Eames made her debut in "Romeo and
Julet" on Madch 13, 1889, at the Paris Grand
Opera House before one of the most critical
audiences in the world. To quote contemporary
papers, the circumstances were vastly to the
advantage of the young and idealistic singer.
and she embodied the type of Juliet so entirely
that none could believe she had never acted be-
fore. From her opening passages she scored
an overwhelming success. She awoke, next
morning, to find herself acclaimed a star. The
following day Sir Augustus Harris, of Covent
Garden, London, wired her to arrange for his
next season and fix her own terms. This ofifer
she declined, and remained in Paris to complete
her two years contract.

During the next two years Mme. Eames sang
Marguerite in "Faust" and was intrusted with
two creations, — Colombe in "Ascanio" by Saint-
Saens and the title role in "Zaire" by De La
Nux. In the spring of 1891, she made her bow
to a London audience, appearing at the Royal
Opera, Covent Garden, April 7, as Marguerite,
and adding to her repertoire Elsa in "Lohen-
grin," Mireille in the opera of that name,
Countess in "Le Nozze di Figaro," and Desde-
mona in "Otello." She appeared in the operas
of her repertoire nearly every subsequent season
at Covent Garden, and the last season there she
also sang "Aida." After the close of her first
season at Covent Garden, Mme. E.imes was
married, August I, 1891, to Julian Story, the
painter. Mr. Story was the son of the
distinguished poet-sculptor, William Wetmore
Story, who resided for many years in Ron;e.
and the- grandson of the great American jurist
and judge of the Supreme Court. Joseph Story.

In the autumn of 1891, Maurice Grau having
offered Mme. Eames a contr.Hct with .Xbbcy,
Schoeffel and Grau for the Metropolitan Opera
House, New York, she came to America and

HISTORY OF MAINE

made her first American appearances in Ciiic,-go,
New York and Boston. Opera was not widely
popular in those days, and was enjoyed only by
the educated few, but opera goers will not for-
get the season which follov/ed at the Metro-
politan Opera House, New York, when Mme.
Eames together with Jean and Edouard de
Reszke— this combination being known as the
"Ideal Cast," which overcrowded the opera and
thrilled their audiences with such performances
as will long live in the rememberances of those
privileged to be present.

In 1892, Mmc. Eames sang a short season in
Madrid, Spain, with great success. On account
of ill health she was obliged to return to Paris,
and from that time her appearances were con-
fined to the United States and England, with
the exception of two engagements at Monte
Carlo. The popularity at this time enjoyed by
the New England opera star was to last, ever-
increasing throughout her final year in New
York, 1908-09, which proved a succession of
triumphs such as no other American singer has
ever experienced.

Mme. Eames sang all the operas in the lan-
guage in which they were originally written.
She sang "Tannhauser," "I-'aust," and "Lohen-
grin" in two languages, but as a rule refused to
sing an opera in any language except th.it in
which it was composed. During these years her
roles included: Aida, "Aida," Verdi; Amelia,
"Ballo in Maschera." Verdi; Charlotte. "Wer-
ther," Massenet; Colombe, "Ascanio," Saint
Saens; Countess, "Le Nozze di Figaro," Mozart;
Donna Anna, "Don Giovanni," Mozart; Donna
Elvira, "Don Giovanni," Mozart; Desdemona,
"Otello," Verdi; Elizabeth, "Tannhauser," Wag-
ner; Eva, "Die Meistersingers," Wagner: Elsa,
"Lohengrin," Wagner; Sieglinde, "Die Walkiire";
Ero, "Ero e Leandre," Mancinelli; Ghisella,
"Ghisella." Franck (at Monte Carlo only); Iri--.
"Iris." Mascagni; Juliet, "Romeo and Juliet."
Gounod; Lenora, "II Trovatore," Verdi; Jilicaela,
"Carmen," Bizet (with an "all star" cast);
Mireille, "Mireille," Gounod: Mistress Ford.
"Falstaff." Verdi; Pamina, "Magic Flute," Mo-
zart (historic representation); Santuzza, "Caval-
leria Rusticana," Mascagni; Tosca, "Tosca,"
Puccini; Yasodhara, "Light of Asia," Isidor de
Lara (opera given in London with Mme. Eames
and Victor Maurie in the principal roles, the
latter as Buddha); Zaire, "Zaire," De La N'ux.

These roles proved the singer's extraordinary
versatility, because in each she carried convic-
tion and infused into them a personal note

which made each her own. Her absolute
sincerity, her ability to forget self in her art,
and her great magnetism, which was only trans-
cended by her strong spiritual appeal, won her
a place unique in the annals of opera.

Mme. Eames' beauty united with distinction
of manner and personality, her strong dramatic
instinct and emotional understanding, with her
marvellously even voice of highly sympathetic
quality made her the interpreter par excellence
of the roles she portrayed. Added to this she
possessed intelligence and artistic sense which
■permitted her to dress her characters to per-
fection. She did this unaided eivcept. of neces-
sity, by her dressmakers. She did not appeal
with the conscious perfection of the artist, but
by a simplicity of expression that was more the
outpouring of her profound self. Her voice, in-
deed, was the counterpart of her high ideals
and her love for beauty, goodness and truth. In
her art she sought not to do of herself that
which is good, but endeavored ever to keep her
eyes fixed on an abstract idea of perfection.
She was passionate after truth. Because of her
fear of insincerity to play a part savoring of
another's interpretation, it was her custom never
to see an opera from the time it was assigned
to her until she herself had sung it. She scrupul-
ously avoided reading all newspaper criticisms,
with the exception of the first accounts of her
Paris debut, to which she referred in order to
ascertain whether or not she would be justified
in continuing an operatic career. This was ow-
ing to her habit of looking at herself from a
totally impersonal standpoint, as she sought to
escape from the bondage of the conventional
by her mastery of self wrought from within.
"Outward from within," was her motto.

Her interpretative power and ability to be-
come the character she represented was marked.
-\t the end of her creation of the role of Iris,
she received the greatful thanks of the Japanese
for having placed before the public so consistent
a portrayal of the pure little Japanese maid.
She rendered Aida popular by making her pal-
pitating, beautiful and vivid. Her "make up"
was such as will never be forgotten by those
who saw her and which imitators have been
powerless to reproduce. No detail was too small
in the composition of her characters for her to
overlook. Always she was able to place before
the public a character in which she had eflfaced
herself, through mastery of herself.

Mme. Eames sang many of the heroines of
Wagnerian operas and in these she was always

;^A-£^^^<^^?!^^'^'--V^=^'<=^

BIOGRAPHICAL

at her best. To hear her sing Elsa's dream was
to hear not human song but pure ecstacy. T j
see her as Elizabeth praying to save the son!
of Tannhauser was to see the white embodi-
ment of all the angels. She could, of course,
enthrall her hearers as Eva, the lovely daughter
of the Nuremberg jeweler in "The IMaster
Singers," while as Sieglinde, the beautiful, divine
goddess and helpless instrument of destiny, her
art pulsated with the Old World's primal love.
In all these roles she was undeniably supreme.

During many years at Covent Garden, Mme.
Eames had the friendship and admiration of
Queen Victoria, who with other members of
the Royal Family, including the Prince of Wale.s,
singled her out for countless attentions. The
prince never missed a performance during Mme.
Eames' London season. She appeared repeatedly
at Her Majesty's Theatre in royal and in private
concerts, taking part in many "command" per-
formances at Windsor Castle as well as each
season at the Buckingham Palace concerts.
Both the Queen and the Prince (afterward King
Edward VII) were also her personal friends.
Mme. Eames sang at the Jubilee of Queen Vic-
toria who decorated her with the Jubilee ilcd.il
in 1897. This was one of a very few instances
where the medal was given to a woman outside
the immediate court. The Queen also gave the
singer on various occasions many rich gifts and
jewels. These valued mementos were destroye.l
by fire in the autumn of 1915, on their voyage
from France.

Mme. Eames was married a second time on
July 13, 1911, at the Church of Saint Pierre de
Chaillot in Paris, to Emilio de Gogorza, the emi-
nent baritone. Gogorza, although of Spanish
origin and foreign education, is an American
citizen. In the year 1911-12, Mme. Eames and
her husband made a concert tour together. In
1914 she revisited the home of her girlhood
days in Bath, and after having taken a residence
for one winter, decided to settle there per-
manently.

Mme. Eames retired from the stage of 1914,
following the twenty-fifth anniversary of her
debut in Paris. Her last public appearance was
in Portland, Maine, in 1916, when she sang in
behalf of a charitable enterprise. Aside from
the opulence and excitement of her operatic
years, she has lived a life of domestic simplicity
and comparative solitude. Although her life
has not been wholly free from sorrow, pain and
the shadow of physical ills, Mme. Eames has
ever manifested the traits which tend to

beautify and elevate existence. A devout Catho-
lic, her happiness and welfare are placed on the
basis of belief in an infinite and supreme God.
.'\s in the daj'S when she was seen in the brill-
iant setting of the stage w-ith its festal lights,
so she still remains to those who see her, —
beautiful and gracious, stately in her simplicity,
a woman of abounding vitality and dauntless

FLORENT SANFACON— Of French-Cana-
dian extraction, Florent Sanfacon is one of that
valuable element which in certain sections of
Maine has done so much by its aggressive energy
and thrift to infuse a new and vigorous strain
into the old Colonial stock of New England. He
was born at Grand Isle, Maine, October 16, 1866,
and obtained his education at the Fort Kent
Training School and at St. Joseph's College, in
New Brunswick. His father, Socitie Sanfacon,
and his mother, Scolastique (Le Vesseur) San-
facon, were both natives of Grand Isle, Maine, his
father's father, Joseph Sanfacon, having been the
first white child born in that region. Remi San-
facon, another son of Socitie Sanfacon, served
in the Fifteenth Maine Infantry in the Civil War,
and died in New York.

After leaving school Florent Sanfacon taught
for twelve years in the schools of Grand Isle,
and tlien entered upon a business career, taking
this up alioiit the year 1898. His commercial
instinct was sure and sound and he has made
a success of his venture in the field of gen-
eral mercliandising. He has made various good
investments in real estate and now owns two
hundred acres with his store, where he deals in
potatoes, hay, and pulp wood. In his political
affiliations, Mr. Sanfacon is a Democrat, and he
served for twenty-three years as town clerk, re-
signing this at last to take up the duties of post-
master of Grand Isle. He has also served as
selectman, holding the office of chairman for thir-
teen years. He has also taken a very keen in-
terest in the cause of education having from his
early experience gained a clear insight into the
defects and needs of the educational system. He
has therefore thrown himself very zealously into
the work of school commisisoner. Mr. Sanfacon
is a member of the Roman Catholic church, and
is a member of the Knights of the ?ilaccabees,
and Knights of Columbus.

He married, June 20, 1897, at Grand Isle, Maine,
Julia Thibodeau, a daughter of Thomas and Mary
Ann Thibodeau. Their children arc: Thomas
A., born at Grand Isle, July 28, 1902; Peter

HISTORY OF MAINE

Charles, born Xovcmber 27, 1906, now in St.
Mary's College, Vancouver; Mary Jane, born in
April, 1900, and May Ann, born in 1907.

HON. LESLIE COLBY CORNISH was born

at Winslow, Maine, October 8, 1854, the son of
Colby Coombs and Pauline Bailey (Simpson)
Cornish, the former born at Bowdoin, Maine,
September 9, 1818, and died June 22, 1894. He
was a merchant of Winslow, and served the
State as a member of the House of Representa-
tives, as a Senator. Pauline Bailey (Simpson)
Cornish, the mother of Chief Justice Cornish,
was born at Winslow, February 14, 1820, and died
January 17, 1898. They had four children, but
the only survivor is Chief Justice Cornisii.

He was fitted for college at Coburn Classical
Institute, at Waterville, and then went to Colby
College, from which he was graduated v,'ilh the
class of 1875. For two years after leaving col-
lege he taught, holding the position of principal
of the high school at Peterboro, New Hamp-
shire, until 1877. He then took up the study of
law, entering in 1878, the office of Baker &
Baker, in Augusta, Maine. From 1879 to 1880,
he attended Harvard Law School, and in the Oc-
tober term of court, 1880, he was admitted to
the bar of Kennebec county. He began his prac-
tice with Baker & Baker, and, in 1882, formed a
partnership with them under the name of Baker,
Baker & Cornish, which continued until 1893.
From the latter year until 1898, he practiced
alone, forming in that year a partnership with
his nephew, Norman L. Bassett, which continued
until he was appointed Associate Justice of the
Supreme Judicial Court, March 31, 1907. On
June 25, 1917, he was appointed Chief Justice of
that court, gaining thus the highest honor in the
gift of the State.

Chief Justice Cornish is a Republican in his
political faith, and represented his district in the
Maine Legislature in 1878. For five years he
was a member of the State Board of Bar Ex-
aminers. He has been a trustee of the Au-
gusta Savings Bank since 1892, and since 1905,
has been president of the institution. He has
been trustee of the Lithgow Library since 1883,
and has been president of the board since 1894.
He is chairman of the board of trustees of Colby
College, and since 1901, he has been a trustee
of Coburn Classical Institute. From 1904 to
1913, he served as director of the American Uni-
tarian Association, in Boston. He was presi-
dent of the Maine Society of the Sons of the
American Revolution from 1901 to 1902. He is

a member of the Maine Historical Society, the
Delta Kappa Epsilon, and Phi Beta Kappa fra-
ternities. He is a vice-president of the Harvard
Law School Association, and is a member of the
Masonic Order. He is a member of the Uni-
tarian church, and president of the Maine Uni-
tarian Association. He received the honorary
degree of Doctor of Laws from Colby College
in 1904, and from Bowdoin College in 1918.

Chief Justice Cornish married, October 10,
18S3, Fannie Woodman Holmes, of Boston, ::
daughter of David P. and Sarah Woodman
Holmes, of Georgetown, Massachusetts.

JOHN WILLIAM CONNELLAN, M.D., was

born at Portland, Maine, October 21, 1868, of
Irish parentage, and displays in his character and
personality the typical virtues and abilities of that
capable race. His father was James Connellan, who
was born in County Clare, Ireland, April 4, 1837,
and who, after spending the first twenty years of his
life in his native country, came to the United States,
landing in the port of Portland, which he made
his home from that time on. He married in
this country, June, 1867, Mary Rynne, like him-
self a native of County Clare, Ireland, born May
21, 1840, came to this country at the age of three
years. They were the parents of ten children,
as follows: John W'illiam; Margaret, who died
at the age of four years; James A., who died Sep-
tember 2, 1916, a prominent attorney of Port-
land, and Democratic leader of the Maine Legis-
lature in 1915 and 1916; William A., who now
practices law in Portland; Anna and Marie, now
both deceased; Nellie, who became the wife of
John T. Kelliher, of Pottsville, Pennsylvania;
Minnie, who became the wife of John T. Clarity,
of Portland; Joseph P., an attorney in Portland;
and Margaret, who became the wife of James
Davee, of Portland.

Born October 21, 1868, at Portland, Maine, Dr.
Connellan, eldest child of James and Mary
(Rynne) Connellan, has made that city his home
and the scene of his active professional career.
It was there that he gained the preliminary por-
tion of his education, attending the Portland pub-
lic schools, and it was there that he was pre-
pared for college in the Portland High School,
from which he was graduated in 1887. He at
once entered Bowdoin College, from which he
was graduated, having made up his mind in the
meantime to take up the profession of medicine
as his career in life. Accordingly he entered the
Maine Medical School, from which he was grad-
uated in 1892, taking his degree of M.D. For

C:;^>CJ^<C^^-^ C-'tf^^r^-z.-^Lw^^^^

(o^ O^^^^-^^i:-^^^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

three years thereafter he practiced mectrcine at
Lewiston, Maine, and in 1895 came to Portland,
where he established himself permanently. For
some time Dr. Connellan was engaged in general
practice, but by degrees he specialized more and
more in the treatment of alcoholic and narcotic
cases. On August I, 1915, he established at No.
33 Eastern Promenade, Portland, a hospital for
the treatment of these cases, which in the two
years that has elapsed between that and this
writing, has met with success and developed to
large proportions. Dr. Connellan is at the pres-
ent time a recognized authority in this branch
of the practice and his reputation has extended
far beyond the confines of his home city. Dr.
Connellan takes a keen interest in public affairs
generally, and is as active a participant therein
as the exigencies of his practice will allow. He
is, of course, particularly interested in matters
connected with politics, and was a de!egate-at-
large from Maine to the Democratic National
Convention held at St. Louis in 1916. He is also
a member of the Democratic City Committee
of Portland, a member of the school board and
a member of the recreation committee. He is
connected with several important clubs and fra-
ternities, among which should be mentioned the
Ancient Order of Hibernians and the local lodges
of the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent
and Protective Order of Elks. In his religious
belief. Dr. Connellan is a Catholic and is a mem-
ber of the Cathedral Parish, attending the Cathe-
dral of the Immaculate Conception in Portland.

Dr. John William Connellan was united in mar-
riage, June 16, 1914, at Portland, Maine, with
Mrs. Ella (Coffey) Hay, widow of the late
Robert Hay, of Portland. There were three chil-
dren by her former marriage, as follows: Wil-
liam B., who is a nurse in the hospital of Dr.
Connellan; Patrick Bailey, now in the United
States army; and Marie, who is now studying in
the Grammar School at Portland.

There is a theory held by many that talent,
ability, by whatever name it is called, is not a
specialized faculty but will express itself witli
equal facility in whatever direction the circum-
stances offer. It is a belief at once dilTjcult o.'
proof and disproof, since in the very nature of
the case we can never know v/hat any man niig'::
have done under any other circumstances than
those of his actual life. The probability would
seem to be that it is true in some cases and not
in others, but whether it be true or not, another
and related proposition is almost obviously so.
This may be stated about as follows: that anv

talent or ability, whether it express itself or not
in some characteristic utterance, must always
show itself in the character of him who possesses
it. Of this Dr. Connellan is a splendid example,
and the same qualities which have produced hii
skill in his profession, the patient industry that
enabled him to master the detail of the r.iediu;;-,
he worked in, showed itself unmistakably in the
sympathetic and kindly but firm personality bis
friends and associates knew so well and admire
so completely. For patience makes it possible
for us to understand and sympathize witli our
fellows, and difficulties overcome makes us toler-
ant of the shortcomings of others. These grea;
qualities Dr. Connellan possesses in a high de-
gree.

STEPHEN E. AMES, son of Solon Summer-
field and Elizabeth (Ellis) Ames, was born at
Fort Fairfield, Maine, September 13, 1S74, and
was educated in the grammar and high school of
his native place. He has been a farmer all his
life, following the occupation of his father. He
is a Republican in politics, but has never cared
to hold office. He is a member of the Masonic
order and of the Grange, in which latter organ-
ization he has been master treasurer and at the
present time is the secretary. He has also been
a lecturer. He is a member of the Methodist
Episcopal church.

Mr. Ames married, at Fort Fairfield, Maine,
December 24, 1901, Carrie L. Beckwith, born
April 16, 1878, daughter of John Chipman and
Sarah (Marquis) Beckwith. Their children are:
Zylpha Elizabeth, born December 5, 1902; Sarah
Christine, born June 6, 1905; Catherine Chipman,
born February 12, 1907; Margaret Helen, born
December 15, 1915; Philip Stephen, born July
15, 1918.

WILLIAM COLBY EATON— The conditions
of life in New England, not less than the sturdy
stock which originally peopled it, tend to pro-
duce many-sided, capable men, men who ex-
emplify the idea conveyed by the term, "self-
made man," men whose industry and close ap-
plication have brought to them success and won
them the confidence and esteem of their fellow-
citizens. Such a man is William Colby Eaton,
the well known and successful attorney of Port-
land, Maine, who throughout his life has made
that city at once his home and the scene of his
many activities, and who today enjoys a reputa-
tion unsurpassed as a capable attorney, who
preserves in his conduct the highest ideals of tiie

HISTORY OF MAINE

bar and a citizen of public spirit. He is a grand-
son of Stephen W. Eaton, a native of Maine, and
through him, is descended from a long line of
worthy ancestors. The founder of the Eaton
family in this country, where various of its mem-
bers have played most distinguished parts in
the affairs of their several communities, must
have occurred at least as early as 1639.

The immigrant ancestor was John Eaton, who
left a record which bears eloquent testimony to
his possession of many sterling virtues, great
courage and an unusual degree of intelligence.
He came to this country with his wife, Anne
Eaton, and their six children, but left no known
record of the date or place of their arrival or of
the vessel in which they came. However, his
name appears on the proprietors books of Salis-
bury, Massachusetts, in the winter of 1639-40.
Although there is no way of tracing directly his
ancestry in the Old World, there can be verj- little
doubt at least of the fact that he came from
England, as his name and all his associations
were characteristically of that people. He re-
ceived a number of grants of land, one of Vvliiti;
was a lot in Salisbury, near the present town
office, and another upon which he appears to have
dwelt was near the Great Neck Bridge on the
Beach Road. This homestead has never passed
out of the hands of the Eaton family, and is at
present the possession of seven sisters, who to-
gether own it in equal and undivided shares. It
is known in the community as "Brooksidc Farm."
His first wife, Anne, died on February 5, 1660,
according to an old record, and on November 20,
i66l, he married a Mrs. Phebe Dow. From this
worthy progenitor the line may be traced through
John (2), Joseph, John (3), Wyman, John (4),
Tristran, to Stephen W. Eaton, the grandfather
of Mr. Eaton already referred to.

Stephen W. Eaton, son of Tristran and Betsey
(Woodman) Eaton, was born at Buxton, Maine.
The extraordinarily prominent part played by
him in the development of the transportation
systems of Maine was introduced and made pos-
sible as it were by the fact that his first employ-
ment was with the Cumberland and Oxford Canal
Company, which turned his attention and
thoughts to the problems which afterwards so
entirely engrossed them. He remained with this
company for a period, and was then engaged as
an engineer in making the first survey of the line
of the Atlantic & St. Lawrence Railroad, which
has since become an integral part of the Grand
Trunk System. When the road was finally com-
pleted he remained with it, taking for a time the

office of freight agent. This position, h'owever,
he resigned in 1853 '" order to take one of a
similar character with the jMichigan Central Rail-
road. He returned, however, to Maine, after a
short period, where he became railroad superin-
tendent at Leeds and Farmington. His next posi-
tion was that of second lieutenant of the Andros-
coggin Railroad, and still later he became the
first superintendent of the York & Cumberland
Road. This was the last of the railroad offices
held by him, as he withdrew about that time from
railroading and settled permanently in Port-
land, where he engaged in commercial business
on a large scale. He was for many years one of
the most successful and prominent merchants of
that city and was greatly esteemed by his fel-
low-citizens. In politics Stephen W. Eaton was
a Democrat, and as that party was then domi-
nant in the State he held a number of public
offices. He was surveyor of the port of Port-
land during the administration of President Tay-
lor, serving under Collector Jewett. He was a
prominent Free Alason and was affiliated with
many Masonic bodies in that part of the State.
In the year 1854, however, he removed from Port-
land on account of the ill health of his family,
and made his home in Gorham, though in spite
of this fact he still attended to his business in
the city. His death occurred at the age of sev-
enty-one in Gorham, in 1876. Stephen W. Eaton
married Miranda B. Knox, a native of Portland,

a daughter of Knox, who was a descendant

of General Knox and had been born at Buxton.
They were the parents of eight children, as fol-
lows: Stephen M., Samuel K., George R., Minnie,
Charles P., Woodman S., Howard E., and Ed-
ward.

Woodman Stephen Eaton was born in Port-
land, October 16, 1846, and died in that city,
August 28, 1905. He studied at a private school
in Portland for a number of years, and later at-
tended Gorham Academy. At the age of seven-
teen years he became an office assistant in th.e
employ of the Berlin Mills Company at Berlin,
New Hampshire. He spent some time after-
wards at Lewiston, where he had a position with
the freight department of the Androscoggin Rail-
road, a position which undoubtedly stimulated his
interest in the question of railroads and may even
have been responsible for his long and close as-
sociation with railroading in that part of the
country. However, his career in business life
was cut short by his being appointed to a position
in the office of the provost marshal at New
Orleans, to which place he went and there dis-

BIOGRAPHICAL

charged his duties until the close of the Civil
War. Upon returning to Maine, however, he
secured a position with the Androscoggin Rail-
road Company, where he worked for about a
year as a freight checker. This he left to take
a position as freight cashier of the Portland, Saco
& Portsmouth Railroad, and remained with this
company from 1867 to 1875. He was then ap-
pointed to the position of freight agent of the
Eastern Railroad, and in 1882 the oiTice of
freight agent of the Maine Central Railroad was
added to the other. He was appointed general
freight agent of the Maine Central Railroad in
1885, remaining in this most responsible position
for about twelve years. During the time that
he served in this capacity, the railroad enjoyed
an extremely rapid growth and his ability to
handle the great business gave evidence of how
great was the executive ability and adaptibility
which he possessed. Mr. Eaton, St., was a Con-
gregationalist in his belief and attended the High
Street Church of this denomination, giving lib-
erally in support of its work. He was a Repub-
lican in politics, but though he gave active as-
sistance to the party he never held public office
of any kind and indeed eschewed rather than sought
distinction of this kind. Like his father before
him, he was extremely prominent in the Masonic
order, in which he reached the thirty-second de-
gree, and he was affiliated with the following
Masonic bodies: Ancient Landmark Lodge,
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Mount Ver-
non Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Portland Com-
niandery. Knights Templar, of which he was past
commander; Kora Temple, Ancient Arabic Order
Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; and the Maine Con-
sistory, Sovereign Princes of the Royal Secret.
He was also a member of the Grand Command-
ery of Maine, in which he held the rank of sword
bearer. Besides the Masonic bodies, Mr. Eaton,
Sr., was a member of Legonier Lodge, Independ-
end Order of Odd Fellows; the Eastern Star En-
campment, Patriarchs Militant; the Bramhall
League and the Cumberland, Portland and Coun-
try clubs. He married, October 16, 1866, Jud-
ith Annette Colby, of Gorham, Maine, a daugh-
ter of the Rev. Joseph and Almeda (Ballard)
Colby. They were the parents of four children,
as follows: William Colby, with whose career this
sketch is particularly concerned; Edward S., who
died in 1895, aged twenty-four years; Harry
Woodman; and Gertrude May, who died in in-
fancy.

Born January 13, 1868, in the city of Port-
land, William Colby Eaton received his education

in the local schools of his native city. He gradu-
ated from the High School there in 1886 and then
attended the academic course at Harvard Uni-
versity. From this he was graduated with the
class of 1891 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts.
He then entered the law school in connection
with the same university, and also read law in the
office of Charles F. Libby, Esquire. In the year
1894 hfi ^^tis admitted to the bar of Cumberland
county, Maine, and at once opened an office
at No. 97 Exchange street in that city. Here he
engaged in a general legal practice in which he
met with a high degree of success until at the
present time he is regarded as one of the leaders
of the Portland bar. For four years he held a
commission as lieutenant-colonel on the staff' of
the governor, acting as aide-de-camp to that offi-
cial. In 1901 and 1902 he was a member of the
City Council from Ward seven, and in 1903 he
was appointed assistant county attorney, holding
that position in that and the following year. In
1905 he became county attorney and discharged
the duties of this highly responsible post in that
year and the next and also in 1909 and 1910. For
a number of generations the members of the
Eaton family have been prominent in Free Mas-
onry and William Colby Eaton is no exception
to this rule. He has attained the thirty-second
degree in that order and is affiliated with An-
cient Landmark Lodge, Ancient Free and Ac-
cepted Masons; Mount Vernon Chapter, Royal
.Arch Masons; Portland Commandery, Knights
Templar; and Maine Consistory, Sovereign
Princes of the Royal Secret. He is also a mem-
ber of the local lodge of the Benevolent and Pro-
tective Order of Elks, of the Cumberland, Port-
land, Athletic, Country and Lincoln clubs. Mr.
Eaton is extremely fond of golf and finds his
recreation in that delightful sport.

William Colby Eaton was united in mairiage,
May 16, 1895, at Portland, with Marion Durant
Dow, a daughter of Frederick and Julia (Ham-
mond) Dow, old and highly regarded residents of
Portland. Mr. and Mrs. Eaton are the parents
of one child, a daughter, Annette Hammond, born
March 13, 1897, and now in Wellesley, taking a
special course at the Dana Hall Branch in music.

About the learned professions generally, and
especially that of the law, there has grown up a
great body of tradition, an atmosphere of them, it
might be said, the intensity and mass of which it
is very difficult to imagine for those who have
never entered it. The law is the heir of many
ages, not merely in its substance, its proper mat-
ter, but in a myriad of connotations and associations

HISTORY OF MAIN!

involving all those who from time immemorial
have dwelt with and in it; the great men who
have made and adapted it, the learned who have
interpreted and practiced it. the multitude who have
been protected and, alas, victimized by it. From
each and all it has gained its wisdom or wit, its elo-
quence or its tale of human feeling to point a moral,
until by a sort of process of natural selection
there has risen a sort of system of ideals and
standards, lofty in themselves, and a spur to the
high-minded, a check to the unscrupulous, which
no one may disregard. The bench and bar in
America may certainly point with pride to the
manner in which their members have maintained
the splendid traditions of the profession, yes, and
added their own, no inconsiderable quota, to the
ideals of a future time. Among those who may
be prominently mentioned as having ably main-
tained these legal traditions in the day and gen-
eration of the State of Maine is Mr. Eaton, of
Portland, whose career in the practice of his pro-
fession is worthy of remark.

JAMES R. THURLOUGH, son of Frederick
and Elsa (Whitney) Thurlough, was born at
Monroe, Waldo county, Maine, March 6, 1846.
He received a common school education. He
adopted farming as an occupation and is also
a starch manufacturer. He came to this county
fifty years ago, unmarried, and has made his home
here ever since. He is a Republican in his poli-
tics, and has been a member of the county com-
missioners board for twelve years, and for three
years has been a selectman of the town. He is
a stockholder in the Fort Fairfield National Bank.
He is also a member of the Masonic order, and
belongs to the United Baptist church.

Mr. Thurlough married, at Fort Fairfield, Olive
Marshall, daughter of Alfred and Anlena (Wade)
Marshall, and their children are: Agnes, died
when an infant; Nellie E., born January 11, 1884,
married Junius P. Loring, and they have one
child, James Thurlough, named after his grand-
father.

ALGER VEZIE CURRIER— The influence ex-
erted by the artist upon the community in which
he lives is not to be expressed in material terms.
It is not commensurate with that of the mer-
chant, the business man or even the inventor, al-
tliough into the best of these a certain amount of
art may enter. In the case of the inventor, and
even more of the craftsman or artisan, the art
but enhances the value of the material object at
which he works and changes the degree, but not

the kind of value possessed by the article that he
produces. In the case of pure art, however, in
the case of music or painting, the change is one
of kind rather than degree, so that no common
standard can be found for the two types which
cannot be compared together. But although this
is true, and it must forever remain impossible to
compare the work of the artist with that of al-
most any other kind of man who performs a serv-
ice for the community, the man of aesthetic sen-
sitiveness knows by a sure instinct that the serv-
ice of the artist is by its very nature a thing far
greater than that of the materialist, that it is in-
commensurate but the other is finite, while it is,
in a sense, infinite; that is, that its effect is only
limited by the capacity of those who receive its
message, for, while if a man shall benefit a com-
nmnity to the extent of a thousand dollars, noth-
ing will avail either to increase or decrease that
benefit, if another benefit it to the extent of a beau-
tiful picture, the benefit depends solely upon how
greatly those who see are capable of being moved
thereby and, with their increasing appreciation,
might rise beyond any limit we could set for it.
It is for this reason that in speaking of the work
of Alger Vezie Currier, whose death on March
16, 191 1, removed one of the most youthful and
promising figures from the field of American art,
while it is possible to apply to his work the terms
great, powerful, or whatnot, it is beyond the
power of anyone to assert definitely how great or
powerful it be. That it was great and not small
we may be certain, however, because of the posi-
tion that he held in the estimation of those whose
knowledge and taste qualified them to know and
judge the quality of art.

Alger Vezie Currier was a native of Hallowell,
Maine, where he was born February 7, 1S62, a
son of Alexander and Louise (Hersly) Currier.
Like him, both his parents were natives of Hallo-
well, and the father was a prominent architect at
tliis place, and for years was retained as the head
draftsman of the Hallowell Granite Company.
The Currier family is a very ancient one, and is
descended from a distinguished English house,
from which have also sprung families in various
parts of Great Britain and the United States,
bearing alternate forms of the same name,
such as Currie, Curry, Corror and Carrier.
Several of these lines were of the ancient
aristocracy of England and we have the
Carriers of Wirksworth, Derbyshire, bearing
as their arms the following blazon: Sable, a
bend between three spearheads, while the arms
of the Currier or Carrier family of Gosport,

(^a^T^i-t^yfi,Jji^c^i^t^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

Hampshire, is: Sable, a chevron ermine between
three crosses crosslet argent; and the crest: Out
of a ducal coronet a dragon's head vert. The
Curriers were founded in this country by one
Richard Currier, who was born in England about
1616, and who came to America some time prior
to 1641, when we find him settled at Salisbury,
Massachusetts. He was the father of but three
children, but some of his immediate descend-
ants had large families and the name spread
rapidly over a large part of New England.

The childhood of Alger Vezie Currier was
passed at his native Hallowell, and it was there
that he attended school as a lad and gained his
elementary education. From a very early age,
however, he displayed marked artistic taste and
ability, and while still a student at the local
schools of Hallowell, determined to make art
his life work. He gained but the most rudimen-
tary knowledge of his chosen work under the
local teachers, but showed so much talent and
skill that he was sent by his father to the Boston
Art School connected with the Museum of Art
in that city, and there he studied under Profes-
sor Grundmann and others the technique of char-
coal drawing. He gained in proficiency with
great rapidity and won the commendation of his
instructors, not only for his technical skill but
for a certain individuality and boldness that
seemed to presage much for the future. He also
studied painting in oil and when only twenty-
three years of age gave an exhibition of his work
in these two mediums and a few water color
sketches at the rooms of the Portland Art Club,
in Portland, ilaine. His work was most favor-
ably commented upon, and the young man wisely
determined to study in Paris at the ateliers of
the best modern masters. His first instruction
in Paris was gained at the Academie Julien, in the
classes of Boulanger and LeFobvre, where he
continued his work with charcoal point, princi-
pally from the nude. Under these iiiasters the
work of Mr. Currier developed greatly and gained
form and character. After a year he returned
for a brief visit to the United States, but four
months after was again in Paris and this time
placed himself under Carolus Duran and stud-
ied in the private atelier of that master. Here
he followed up his Study of the nude, this time
in oils, and supplemented this with special work
in drapery and costuming painting at the Atelier
Colarossi. At the close of another year M. Duran
told his promising pupil that he felt that he could
make more progress working in his own studio,
wliere he would have more time and opportunity

to develop his individual tendencies than he
could under further tuition, and advised him to
compete for entrance to the salon. This advice
was taken by Mr. Currier and its wisdom was
quickly demonstrated in the development of a
very distinctive and original manner and the
rapid production of a number of splendid can-
vasses. His work attracted no little attention and
admiration in the world of the art students of
Paris, and received the seal of official approval in
1888, when two pictures of his were chosen for
exhibition at the salon. The works selected for
this honor are divided by the judges into four
classes, class one being reserved for the work
of acknowledged masters. Mr. Currier's pictures
were placed in class two, an honor very unusual
for so young an artist and one who had so re-
cently graduated from the rank of student.
Shortly after this event, Mr. Currier returned to
America, and on parting from his old master,
Duran, that great man said to hini, "I hope you
v.ill return to Paris. x\ great many Americans
go back to the states and devote themselves to
money making, forgetting their art. I want you
to come back to Paris and paint for the exposi-
tions, and I will do all I can for you. The time
will come when you will stand in the front rank
of painters."

Shortly after his return to this country Mr.
Currier gave an exhibition of his work in his
native town of Hallowell and shortly after an-
other at Portland. He also had canvasses in sev-
eral exhibits in New York City, and his work
met with warm commendation everywhere.
Among the efforts showed by him in this coun-
try were the Salon pictures, "Deesse," and
"Sante," a still later canvas, the "Mandolin Girl,"
as well as numbers of sketches in oils, water
color, and black and white. Perhaps that which
attracted most attention was "Deesse," an ex-
tremely difficult subject of a nude girl against a
\vhite background, which the artist has handled
with masterly skill and striking effect; but cer-
tainly not less in popular favor was the "Mando-
lin Girl," which many competent critics pro-
nounced an advance even upon his salon pic-
tures, and "Sante," an elderly bon-vivant, who
seems to be pledging us in high good humor from
the frame. These and other views of Mr. Cur-
riers' work attracted marked attention in the art
world generally, which soon awakened to the fact
that here was a new factor in its life, a factor
of force and originality which might be expected
to accomplish much in pointing out new paths
and ideals for his contemporaries to follow.

HISTORY OF MAINE

There is always a certain duty devolving upon
such men as Mr. Currier, which some ac.uo,..
edge and others do not, namely that of teaching
others what they themselves have learned or
discovered, of imparting something of the new
matter their originality and genius has recov-
ered of the aesthetic meaning of life. This duty
Mr. Currier recognized frankly, and though it
is always more or less difficult for the creative
genius, with his brain teeming with new ideas to
be rendered into the concrete, to confine him-
self even for a time to directing and moulding
the inmiature ideas of his pupils, set himself to
perform it. Accordingly he became instructor
in drawing and painting in the Portland Society
of Art, and shortly after was appointed instruc-
tor in art in the Art Department at Bowdoin
College. For two years he continued in this
work, and then turned his attention to private
classes he had formed, continuing in this line
until the year 1907. It was in that year that the
city of Seattle, Washington, decided to found its
Art Institute, which was for "the purpose of sup-
plying the artists of Seattle a permanent place
where to receive instruction and display their
work." A rising young artist of that city, Jul-
ian Itter, in association with August Wolf, presi-
dent of the Spokane Chamber of Commerce, per-
suaded Mr. Currier to take charge of tliis im-
portant work. This he consented to do and for
some time after was in the West doing a not-
able work for the development of art and art ap-
preciation in that region. Some of Mr. Currier's
original work during this period is exceedingly
interesting, although in a realm quite other than
that of his efforts during his period as a student
and afterwards in France. It was as a decorator
that he did some very notable work in Maine, one
canvas particularly attracting attention. This
was a large subject that he called "Honor to the
Living and to the Dead." He also designed
striking seals for that college and for Walker
Art Building there, where he had taught for some
two years. Mr. Currier's health failed, and there
followed a long period of illness that finally cul-
minated in his death.

Alger Vezie Currier was united in marriage,
September 14, 1892, with Catharine Isabelle
Moulton, a daughter of Oliver and Catharine
(Shaw) Moulton. Mrs. Currier, who survives her
husband, is, like him, a talented artist, and her
sympathy with his aims and skill as a critic
aided him greatly in the development of his tal-
ent. One child was born to them, a daughter,
Catharine Mace, who is now the wife of Edwin

C. Burleigh, assistant editor of the Kennebec
Journal, of Augusta. Mrs. Burleigh is a tal-
ented and accomplished musician, and inherits
much of her taste for it from her father, who
was devotedly fond of that art. After the death
of her first husband, Mrs. Currier was married
again, and is now Mrs. F. J. Thrasher, of Hal-
lowell.

A word concerning Mr. Currier's attitude to
his art will serve to close this all too brief sketch
of a brilliant and a remarkable man. Enough
has already been said to indicate that he was
of a strongly independent mind and character
and one not apt to fall in lightly with accepted
ideals and methods, merely because they were
accepted. Early in life he came under the in-
fluence of the great French school of modern
art, and was inevitably affected by it most po-
Icntly; so much so, that its aims and manner
remained his normal atmosphere and medium cf
expression to the close of his life. Yet through
it all there was visible the effects of his own
strong personality ever struggling for a more
definite and individual expression of its idc;iis,
which Professor Johnson, of Bowdoin, very truly
remarked were purer and more lofty than much
that is discernable in modern French art. And
while, too, the method and manner of this school
were his own mode of expression in the main,
he did not begrudge others their's, but was keenly
and responsively appreciative of them. Aiwa} s
prompt to recognize and proclaim originality in
others, he exhibited that final test of a great in-
lelcct, a generous tolerance, by no means incom-
patible with the keenest enthusiasm for one's own
line of work, Init which is, ala?. none too common in
artists of any variety. But although lie was ever
ready to acknowledge originality, that did not
mean in his case that he was easily imposed upon
by the countless new "schools," so called, and
"isms" that are forever cropping out in the field
of art. He knew originality when he saw it, even
when it appeared under strange forms, but he had
no patience with the mere novelty mongers who
would pass off their vagaries as originality, ap-
preciating well the profound difference between
the two. He perceived the taint of degeneracy
in much of modern European art, and perceived
the danger of its getting a foothold in this coun-
try among the less virile of the younger artists,
and he repelled it with all his might. He stood
for the healthy, the individual, the normal in art,
and was himself a living example of the dictum
of ^latthew Arnold, that the artist can never
afford to take his eyes from his object to engage

"HONOR TO THE LIVING AND TO THE DEAD"

<£^^wJV- ^^^5^^.

BIOGRAPHICAL

;i<i.

in puerile pre-occupation with himself. For in art
as in religion, he who seeks his life shall lose it,
and it is only in self-forgetfulness in some larger
objective that we attain at length to true self
expression.

ELWYN M. NILES was born in Bridgewater,
Aroostook county, Maine, April i6, 1892, a son of
Nelson George and Myrtle (Bradstreet) Niles.
He was educated at the public schools of Bridge-
water, and also attended Bridgewater Classical
Academy, from which he graduated in 191 1.
When his business life began he elected to go
into that of buying potatoes and general farm-
ing, later entering into partnership with R. T.
Snow, general merchandise, Westiield, Maine,
where he is now located. Mr. Niles settled in
Westfield in 1911. He is a Republican in his
politics. He has served on the board of se-
lectmen of his town for four successive years,
and is now a member. He is also a trial justice
for his county, and treasurer of the Ministerial
and School Fund of his town, and treasurer of
the Westfield Electric Company. He is a mem-
ber of Aroostook Lodge, Free and Accepted
Masons, at Blaine, Maine, past grand of West-
field Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
and a member of Bridgewater Camp, Modern
Woodmen of America, Bridgewater, Maine. He
is a member of the Baptist church.

Mr. Niles married at Westfield, Maine, Octo-
ber 8, 1913, Martha N. Chase, daughter of Nor-
man W. and Carrie A. (Trueworthy) Chase, and
granddaughter of Hon. Cyrus Chase, her father
being a farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Niles are the par-
ents of four children as follows: Mildred I., born
June 27, 1914; Elwyn M., Jr., born August 29,
1915; Madeline W., born January 11, 1917; and
Laurel H., born July 29, 1918.

JOHN FULLER APPLETON MERRILL—

The bar of Cumberland county, Maine, numbers
among its members many distinguished and cap-
able men and many who stand for the best tra-
ditions of the legal profession in this country,
but of none may this more truly be said than
of John Fuller Appleton Merrill, who is well and
favorably known, not only to his own large
clientele but to all his colleagues and to the
community in general.

Mr. Merrill is a member of a family which has
lived for three generations in the State of Maine,
his grandfather having come to that State and
settled in the city of Portland many years ago.
He was Dr. John Merrill, who was well known in

his own profession in his day. He was a native
of New Hampshire, but made Portland his home
during practically his entire life, and it was here
that his death occurred when he was more than
seventy years of age. He married a Miss Boyd
and they were the parents of four children, one
of whom, Mary B. Merrill, still resides at Bethel,
Maine.

Another of these children was Charles B.
Merrill, the father of the Mr. Merrill of this
sketch, and himself a prominent man in the com-
munity. Charles B. Merrill was born in the
year 1827 at Portland, and received his educa-
tion in the schools of that city. He had studied
for the law and was practicing his profession
when the outbreak of the Civil War caused him
to abandon civil life and take the sword in the
defense of his country. He served with the rank
of lieutenant-colonel in the Seventeenth Regi-
ment of Maine Volunteer Infantry, and saw three
years active service. He was twice wounded and
commanded his regiment in the battles of Chan-
cellorsville and Gettysburg. Upon returning from
the war, he engaged in a commercial line of
business in Portland, in which he was eminently
successful, and was also active in local public
aflfairs, serving as a member of the school com-
mittee in Portland for many years. He was mar-
ried to Abba Isabelle Little, a native of Port-
land, born in the year 1834. Her death occurred
in the year 1891 as did also that of her husband.
They were the parents of eight children, of whom
all but two are deceased, as follows: John Ful-
ler Appleton, of whom further, and Charles P.
Merrill, of Portland. Mrs. Merrill, Sr., was a
daughter of Josiah Stover Little, a native of
Newbury, Massachusetts, and of Abba Isabella
(Chamberlain) Little, his wife, a native of Ver-
mont. Her father, Josiah S. Little, graduated
from Bowdoin College in the famous class of
1825, one of his classmates being the poet Long-
fellow. He was a very prominent man in the
politics of the State of Maine, and was speaker
of the State House of Representatives for two
terms. He was also very well known in busi-
ness and was president of the Atlantic & St.
Lawrence Railroad, which has since come to
form a part of the Grand Trunk Railroad, and
was also one of the organizers of the Berlin Mills
Lumber Company. The class of 1825 of Bowdoin
College gave to the country and to the world an
unusual number of brilliant and successful men,
and included in its membership not only Long-
fellow, but Hawthorne and President Franklin
Pierce. Mr. Merrill, Sr., was also a graduate of
Bowdoin.

HISTORY OF MAINE

John Fuller Appleton Merrill was born Febru-
ary 10, 1866, in the city of Portland, Maine. He
began his education by attending the local pub-
lic schools and graduated from the City High
School in the year 1883. He then was sent to
the Phillips Academy at Andover, from which he
graduated in 1885, and where he was prepared for
college. In the same year he matriculated at
Yale University, where he took the usual aca-
demic course and was graduated with the class
of 1889. He had in the meantime determined
upon the law as his profession in life and pro-
ceeded to study his chosen subject in the office
of Judge Putnam, an eminent attorney of Port-
land. He then attended the Harvard Law School,
was graduated with the class of 1892, and admit-
ted to the bar of Cumberland county in his native
State the same year. Mr. Merrill at once be-
gan the active practice of his profession in Port-
land and has met with a very gratifying sue
cess there. He has developed a large clientele
and much important litigation passes through his
office.

But Mr. Merrill has not confined his activities
to his private practice. On the contrary he has
given much thought and effort to public affairs
and has held a number of important local offices in
Portland. He has served for a number of terms
as a member of the Common Council of the city
and is at the present time (1917) a member of
that body. He has also served on the Board of
Aldermen for two years, and was a member oi'
the City School Commission one year. He re-
signed from this commission to take a place 0:1
the police board, where he served a number of
years. Besides these important posts Mr. Mer-
rill has also been a member of the City Ha!;
Building Commission, and with his associates,
Leighton and Pason, planned and erected tlu-
handsome new Portland City Hall in 1906. Be-
sides his local offices Mr. Merrill was a member
of the State Senate in 1906, serving one term on
that body when he was appointed judge of the
Western Circuit Court of Portland. This respon-
sible office he held from 191 1 until 1915 and in
the latter year was appointed to the post of dis-
trict attorney for a term of four years. Mr.
Merrill is prominent in the general life of the
community and especially so in its social and reli-
gious affairs. He is a member of the Episcopal
church and attends St. Luke's Cathedral in
Portland, of which he has been senior warden for
ten years. This is particularly interesting in view
of the fact that his father and grandfather be-
fore him held the same position. On June 7, 1910,

Mr. Merrill was united in marriage with Eliza-
beth Payson Goddard, a native of Portland, a
daughter of Judge Cliarles W. and Rowena C.
(Morrill) Goddard.

Mr. Merrill is a man of strong and vigorous
personality to which every element, physical and
mental, contributes. He is the fortunate pos-
sessor of good health, and his mind is an ex-
tremely active and positive one which easily
takes the lead in his relations with others and
make him a dominant force in the sphere of his
labors. He is not, however, one of those who at-
tempt to impose their will upon others by a sort
of aggressive insistence which serves onlj' to gain
the ill will of those about, but rather one whose
judgment is so good and whose guaging of the
practical problems of life so quick and intuitive
that others instinctively acquiesce in his decisions
and follow the lead willingly. He is easily ac-
cessible to all men and, although his time is oc-
cupied by :nany details of his professional life, in
which he is engaged, yet he always finds an op-
portunity to attend to the needs of others, small
and great, and there are many who have found
his assistance of timely value. He is, accordingly,
highly honored by not only his immediate fam-
ily and personal friends but by the community at
large which regards him in the light of a leading
member.

WILLIAM E. ROBINSON was born in the
town of Blaine, Maine, September 13, 1862, the
son of William F. and Mercy (Brown) Robinson,
his father having been a native of Nova Scotia,
and came to Maine when a small bo}', and moved to
Blaine in i860. He built the mill at Robinson
in South Blaine, in 1863, and sawed the first
shingles in 1864. He brought up a family of
fourteen children, his son, William E. Robinson,
being the thirteenth. Two of his sons, Fred C.
and Harrison H., served in the Union Army in
the Civil War.

William E. Robinson was educated at the dis-
trict schools of the locality, and when he reached
man's estate became a farmer and lumberman.
He is now the owner of two farms in the town-
ship of Blaine which total two hundred and forty
acres. He is a Republican in his political prin-
ciples and has served for twenty-five years on
the town board of selectmen, and for the past
five years has been the chairman. He is a
member of the Masonic order, holding member-
ship in Aroostook Lodge, Blaine, and is also a
member of the Grange. He attends the Baptist
church.

niOGRAPHICAL

Mr. Robinson married, at Blaine, September 22,
18S3, Amber E. Ketchum, born at Bridgewater,
Maine, February 14, 1867, daughter of John F.
and Leonora (Foot) Ketchum, who for several
years before her marriage had taught school.
Her father, John F. Ketchum, served in the Civil
War under General Sherman. Mr. and Mrs. Wil-
liam E. Robinson were the parents of the fol-
lowing children: I. Oscar B., born September 4,
1884; married, December 25, 1908, June B. Stevens,
of Portage, Maine, and they have three chil-
dren: Fred. Clinton, died May 16, 1913; Orrin
Ellsworth; and James Archibald. 2. Clinton B.,
born August 31, 1888; married Helen A. Lincoln,
of Mars Hill, Maine, and they have two children:
Phyllis Marian and William Oscar.

THOMAS TETREAU, the energetic and effi-
cient health officer of Portland, Maine, is not a
native of that city at all, having come there at
the comparatively recent date of 191 1, since which
time, however, he has had ample opportunity to
identify himself most closely with the city's af-
fairs and to perform for it an invaluable service.
Dr. Tetrcau is a member of a family which was
undoubtedly of French origin but which had re-
sided in Canada for a number of years. His
father was Charles Tetreau, born in the Province
of Quebec, Canada, in the year 1816. Charles
Tetreau came in young manhood to the United
States and lived for a number of years at Law-
rence, Massachusetts, where his death eventually
occured in the month of August, 1896, at the ad-
vanced age of eighty years. He was engaged
in business in Lawrence as a contracting mason
and made a very considerable success thereof
up to the time of his retirement. He married
Ursula Vegiar, like himself a native of Canada
and of French-Canadian stock. Mrs. Tetreau died
at Lawrence in 1897 at the age of seventy-six
years. They were the parents of fifteen children
of whom Dr. Tetreau is the youngest and of
whom thirteen are now living. They are as fol-
lows: Charles E.; Ursula, now Mrs. Charles Daw-
son; Joseph; Flavien; Peter C, deceased; Mary,
now Mrs. Edwin DeMars; Frank X.; John B.;
Melina, deceased, who was Mrs. Telesphore
GeofFroi; Julia, who is now the wife of Captain
Lewis Berney; Olive T.; George R.; Rose D.;
Lucy, who is now Mrs. Louise Desjardins; and
Thomas, with whose career we are especially con-
cerned.

Born January 30, 1869, in the town of Frank-
lin, Franklin county, Vermont, Thomas Tetreau
was taken as an infant by his parents to Law-

rence, Massachusetts, and it was with this city
that his youthful associations were formed. It
v.as here also that the preliminary portion of his
education was obtained, for which purpose he at-
tended the local public schools and was prepared
for college in the high school there. He then
went to Canada, where he attended the University
of Ottawa, from which he graduated with the
class of 1896. He did some post-graduate work
during the following year, which won him the
degree of B.S. He then entered McGill Univer-
sity of Montreal, where he studied medicine and
received his degree of M.D. He then returned
to Lawrence, Massachusetts, where he estab-
lished himself in practice and continued there
until 1903. He then went to Washington State,
where he practiced for thirteen years or until he
received the appointment of health officer of
Portland, Maine. Upon first reaching Washing-
ton, he had engaged in a general practice in the
town of Yakima, but in the year 1905 he began
gradually to devote his attention to the matter of
public health and in 191 1 gave up his private prac-
tice altogether, being in that year appointed
health officer of Yakima. Five years later he
received the offer from Portland Maine, and re-
turned East to take up his new duties. How ad-
mirably and effectively he has performed them is
acknowledged by the entire city, over the preser-
vation of whose health he now presides. Dr.
Tetreau takes as active a part in the other as-
pects of the city's life as his very onerous duties
will permit. He joined, while still in the West,
the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and
keep up his association with that order now. He
is also a member of the Portland Medical Club.
Dr. Tetrcau is a Catholic in religious belief and
attends the Cathedral in Portland, being a mem-
ber of the Cathedral Parish.

Dr. Tetreau was united in marriage, Novem-
ber 17, 1901, at Lawrence, Massachusetts, with
Josephine Davis, a native of Manchester, New
Hampshire, a daughter of Alexander Davis, him-
self a native of that place, and of Elizabeth
(Bradley) Davis, his wife. Mrs. Davis was born
in England and came to this country in early
youth, where she met Mr. Davis and married
him. Dr. and Mrs. Tetreau were the parents of
six children, as follows: Ursula Elizabeth, born
August 24, 1902; Philip E., born June 4, 1904,
Francis A., born December 30, 1905; Dorothy A.,
born September, 1907; Catherine, born May,
iQio; and Thomas, Jr., born 1914.

There is something intrinsically admirable in
the profession of medicine that illumines by re-

HISTORY OF MAINE

fleeted light all those who practice it. Some-
thing, that is, concerned with its prime object,
the alleviation of human suffering, something
about the self-sacrifice that it must necessarily
involve that makes us regard, and rightly so, all
those who choose to follow its difficult way and
devote themselves to its great aims, with a cer-
tain amount of respect and reverence. It is true
that today there has been a certain lowering on
the average of the standards and traditions of the
profession, and that there are many within its
ranks at the present time who have proposed to
themselves selfish or unworthy objects instead of
those identified with the profession itself, whose
eyes are centered on the rewards rather than the
services, yet there are others also who have pre-
served the purest and best ideals of the calling and
whose self-sacrifice is as disinterested as that of
any who have preceded them. To such men wc
turn to seek the hope of the great profession in
the future, to the men who, forgetful of personal
consideration, lost themselves, either in the in-
terest of the great questions with which they have
concerned themselves or in the joy of rendering
a deep service to their fellow-men. A man of
this type is Dr. Thomas Tetreau, of Portland,
Maine, whose work in that city in the interests of
its health, as a health officer, has done the pub-
lic an invaluable service.

WILLIAM B. BURNS— One of the prominent
figures of the community of Mars Hill and its
vicinity, William B. Burns, was born in Fort
Fairfield, February 14, 1880, a son of Frank W.
and Eliza N. (Slocum) Burns, his father having
been employed in the customs house, and run-
ning a livery business for thirty years. Of late
years he has been engaged in farming and the
breeding of horses.

William B. Burns was educated in the common
schools of his district and graduated from the
Fort Fairfield High School, going from that to
the University of Maine, which he attended for
two years. After leaving school he obtained a
position of deputjr collector in the United
States Custom Service and was an official at the
Port of Mars Hill for fifteen years. He then
entered upon mercantile business, and at the same
time operated his farm of 165 acres which lies
three miles out of the town. Mr. Burns is a
Republican in his political convictions. For four
years he served the town as a selectman and has
been on the school committee for six years,
and for three years he was superintendent of
schools at Mars Hill. Trustee of Aroostook Cen-

tral Institute for ten years. He is a member of
the Masonic order, and also belongs to the East-
ern Star, of which he has been a patron for two
years. He is a member of the Baptist church.

Mr. Burns married, at Fort Fairfield, Septem-
ber 24, 1902, Cora M. White, a daughter of Wil-
liam J. and Emmeline (Barnes) White. They
have seven children: i. William Preston, born
June 30, 1903. 2. Kenneth Bonney, born May 15,
1905. 3. Alice Louise, born February 8, 1907.
4. Robert Bruce, born March 14, 1909. 5. Hor-
tense Eliza, born October 23, 191 1. 6. Frank
Wesley, 3rd, born March II, 1913. 7. Barbra
Elizabeth, born September 23, 1917.

CAPTAIN CHARLES HENRY WELLS, late
of Hallowell, Maine, where his death occurred,
August 7, 1912, in the eightieth year of his age,
was a native of this place and a well known fig-
ure in the Chinese trade, both here and in the
Orient, most of his active life having been spent
in the latter region. Captain Wells was a mem-
ber of a very ancient family, which has occupied
a distinguished position in the various com-
munities in which it has resided, both in America
and still earlier in England. The name was
originally de Welles, but in later times the pre-
fi.K has been omitted and in some of the branhces
the spelling contracted to the modern Wells.
The first de Welles came to England with Wil-
liam the Conqueror, and his descendants were
prominent in the affairs of the Kingdom for many
generations, and thence several branches emi-
grated to the New England colonies and settled
in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and elsewhere.
The Connecticut family, from which Captain
Wells was sprung, was founded there by Thomas
Welles, or Wells, of Essex, England, whose prop-
erty had been confiscated in the mother country
for political reasons and who came to this coun-
try as agents of Lords Say and Seal. He rose
I0 be Governor of Connecticut and was recog-
nized as one of the great leaders of the colonists
in the early days. He had many descendants,
some of whom settled at East Windsor, Connecti-
cut, and it was there that Solomon Ensign Wells,
the father of Captain Wells, was born, January
17, 1801. As a lad he was brought from there
by his parents to Hallowell, Maine, where he en-
gaged in farming for many years, and finally
died, August 15, 1886, at the advanced age of
eighty-five years. He married Louisa Batten
Brown, a native of Salem, Massachusetts, where
she was born, July 8, 1806. Her death occurred
May 4, 1904, having nearly reached her ninety-

/ f,yC^C^--C^r:^c^c<^^ 'a/, / cZ-t^c^^j^^z-T-^^^

4 ,^^^-M^

BIOGRAPHICAL

eighth birthday at the time. Solomon E. Wells
and his wife were the parents of the following
children: Aroline, Charles, with whom we are
here especially concerned; Julia, Lewis, and
Frank.

Born, New Year's day, 1S33, at Hallowell,
Maine, Captain Charles H. Wells attended the
public schools of this place until he had reached
the age of eighteen. Two years prior to this
the great discovery of gold was made in Cali-
fornia and the period of the "Forty-niners" be-
gan. Thousands rushed to the western coast
from various parts of the country, and in 1851,
as soon as he was sufficiently old to make it
possible, the young man joined the hurrying and
expectant throng that was yet pouring westward.
He went by Panama and had to walk across the
isthmus, there being no canal at that time. The
youth was not daunted, however, and made the
difficult and dangerous voyage successfully, and
once on the Pacific coast took vessel for Cali-
fornia. Arriving there he went to the gold
mines in the northern part of the State and re-
mained in that district for two years, alternating
his prospecting with running a small frontier
store and several other occupations. At the close
of that period he returned to the East by the
Nicaraguan route, and once more found himself
in his native place. His trip to California had
brought him one thing, even though no fortune
had been found, and that was an intense fondness
for a life of travel and adventure, especially by
sea. Accordingly, in 1854, he went to sea be-
fore the mast and thus embarked fairly upon his
career. His taste for it was far too deep-seated
to be altered by the mere incidental hardships
and he soon became known as an excellent sea-
man and an ambitious youngster. In addition to
his knowledge of practical seamanship, which he
gained in the routine of his daily work, he studied
navigation and thus fitted himself for a more
responsible post. In 1863, while in Scotland, he
was made master of the American Lark, Col.jnc!
Ledyard, and for several years commanded her in
the trade between this country and Scotland. He
then opened a ship-chandlery establishment at
Glasgow and conducted that successfully for a
considerable period. Once more, however, the
old lure of the sea prevailed with him and he en-
tered the employ of the Shanghai Steam Naviga-
tion Company, and sailed as the captain of one
of this company's vessels from Liverpool to
Shanghai, under the British flag. The firm of
Russell & Company of Shanghai was tlic repre-
sentative of the English concern in the Chinese

city, and Captain Wells remained in the same
employ, commanding in turn several of their
vessels and trading in the coast waters and rivers
of China. In 1876 the business was purchased
by the China Merchants' Steam Navigation Com-
panj-, but Captain Wells continued his service
under the new ow^iers until the year 1900. He
was then sixty-seven years of age, and felt that
it was time for him to retire from a life so
arduous, so with many regrets, both on his part
and that of the company, which was losing one
of its most valued agents, he resigned command
of his vessel and returned to the United States
and his native Hallowell. The remaining twelve
years of his life he spent here, winning for him-
self a large place in the affections of his fellow
citizens, and here his death occurred at the age
of seventy-nine. Among the many adventurous
episodes of an adventurous life. Captain Wells
always remembered with especial interest the oc-
casion when, during the Civil War, his ship was
ciiUM.d l.y the .-Uabaiiia of Confederate fame, but
succeeded in making her escape. As a young
man Captain Wells joined the Republican party,
but most of his life being spent in the far East,
he had little opportunity to keep acquainted with
political issues at home. He always retained his
allegiance to the old party, however, and on re-
turning to this country in 1900, voted the ticket
for the first time in fifty years. As a young
man he also joined the Masonic order, but his
activities in that body also lapsed. In religious
belief he was a Methodist, and attended that
church while in the United States, but in China
he attended the Episcopal church at Shanghai.

Captain Wells was united in marriage, Febru-
ary 17, i86o, at Bremen, Germany, with Emilie
Bergmann, a native of Hamburg, where she was
born, August 14, 1835. Mrs. Wells was a daugh-
ter of Peter Philip Erhardt Bergmann, born at
Ocvilgoenne, Germany, and Christina (Gerkens)
Bergmann, born at Hamburg. Mr. and Mrs.
Bergmann were married at Bremen, and there
he was engaged in business as a merchant for
many years; their deaths occurred in that city
in 1876 and 1892, respectively. Mrs. Wells came
with her husband to Hallowell, ^Maine, when he
made his' home there in 1900, and there her death
occurred, December 13, 1903. They were the
jjarcnts of three children as follov/s: i. Louisa
Cliristina, who became the wife of Franklin
Glazier Russell, of Jacksonville, Florida, where
they now reside. They are the parents of three
children: i. Hilda, now Mrs. Malcolm AfcCrory,
and the mother of two children, ^Malcolm, Jr.,

HISTORY OF MAINE

and Marion Russell, born October 25, 1918. ii.
Franklin G., Jr., a graduate of Yale University,
and now a lieutenant of artillery in the Sixty-
second Division, with the American Expedition-
ary Force in France, iii. Maria, born in Hallo-
well, July I, 1887, married, December 30, 1908,
Hans Mutzenbecher of Hamburg, where she was
being educated at the time in art and languages.
She died in Hamburg, June 5, 1909. 2. Geor-
giana Emelia, who resides in the old home at
Hallowell. 3. Julia Maria, who also resides
there. All three of Captain Wells' daughters
are members of the Daughters of the American
Revolution. Four years of their childhood were
spent in Germany, after which they returned to
the United States and studied at the Hallowell
Classical and Scientific Academy at Hallowell.
In the year 1907 they took another extended trip
in Europe.

The character of Captain Charles Henry Wells
was an unusually strong one, and an unusually
simple and direct one as well. From long habits
of command his manner seemed at times almost
stern, but the fact is, that although he was a
strict disciplinarian and insisted on his commands
being obeyed instantly, he was actually the re-
verse of what is generally thought of as a marti-
net. Still less was he ever violent, and rarely
raised his voice above the pitch necessary to
make it distinctly heard. He circumnavigated
the globe no less than five times, besides count-
less voyages on a small plan. He did not know
the meaning of fear, and this fact, always potent
with plain men, together with a liberality to-
wards his crews, accounted for the great hold he
exercised over the many rough men he com-
manded. Like all who ever sailed the seas as
skipper, he had all sorts and conditions of men
to deal with, but on the whole his crews were
strongly devoted, and there were few ships kept
or operated with the skill and snap of those of
Captain Wells.

V7ILLIS ELV/OOD SWIFT— Occupying the
most conspicuous post in the gift of his fellow
citizens, during the great World War, Willis
Elwood Swift has been since January i, 1917,
the mayor of Augusta, the capital of the State,
being the first mayor under the new charter
which is known as "the responsible mayor plan
of government." He has given the town an
able, clean, business-like administration and his
record is one to which he can point with justi-
fiable pride.

Mr. Swift is a native of the State of Maine,

having been born in Sidney, September 19, 1870,
a son of George D. and Clara A. (Sawtelle)
Swift, the former born in New Sharon, Maine,
and a farmer by occupation. His mother is a
native of Sidney and both are still living.

Willis Elwood Swift was educated in tlie pub-
lic schools and Dirigo Business College of Au-
gusta, graduating with the class of 1890. He
then entered the service of J. H. Cogan Company
and with them he remained for five years. At
the end of that time he bought an interest in the
firm of Swift & Turner, which after ten years
was incorporated under the style of Swift & Tur-
ner Company and of this organization he is presi-
dent. In 1914 he bought an interest in The
Holmes Brothers Company, wholesale grocers,
the concern later being incorporated and the
name changed to The Holmes-Swift Company
and of this concern he is treasurer. He has
many other business interests, and among them
may be mentioned that he is a trustee and mem-
ber of tlie Executive Board of State Trust Com-
pany.

In his political convictions, Mayor Swift is a
Republican, and alwa3'S has taken a very vital
interest in municipal and State affairs, feeling
that it is the duty of every citizen in each com-
monwealth to take his share of the work for the
common weal. He served in 1912 on the City
Council and in the fall of that year he was
elected to the House of Representatives. In
1914 he was elected by his party to the State
Senate, and after two years of most acceptable
service he was re-elected by his constituency to
the second term in the same chamber. In De-
cember, 1916, he was elected by his fellow towns-
men the mayor of the city and the confidence in
his ability, shown by this endorsement, he has
fully merited as shown by the excellent work he
has done in giving Augusta a clean cut and thor-
oughly business administrative term.

Air. Swift lias always taken an active interest
in fraternal orders, being a Knight Templar, a
thirty-second degree Mason and member of the
Afystic Shrine. He is a past presiding ofTicer
of all York Rite bodies and past district deputy
of the Eleventh Masonic District. He is a mem-
ber of the Abnaki and Rotary clubs of Augusta.
He is a Universalist and a member of the Win-
throp Street Universalist Churc7i.

Mayor Swift married, July 22, 1894, in Augusta,
Lillian Irene Holmes, born in Jacksonville, New
Brunsviick, and educated in the Fredrickton Nor-
mal School. She is the daughter of George W.
and Elizabeth (Grass) Holmes. Mayor and Mrs.

-M/^ifOzl'

'(A-eA.

BIOGRAPHICAL

Swift have two children: Raymond Whitney,
born April 22, 1895; graduated from Bowdoin
College in 191 7, and now a captain in the United
States Army. He married, August 22, 1917.
Mildred Farrington, daughter of Hon. and Mrs.
Frank G. Farrington of Augusta. Their daugh-
ter, Marjorie Irene, born December 22, 1898,
was educated at Mount Holyoke College, and
married, August 31, 1918, Lieutenant Almon Bird
Sullivan, son of Mr. and Mrs. M. H. Sullivan, of
Rockland, Maine.

WILBUR CARTER OLIVER— The pioneer
energy and hardihood persists in modern days in
the men who, undeterred by the difiiculties or
hardships of poverty fight their way through
present conditions, and finally reach the top. This
is the reflection of one who is called to outline
the career of such men as Wilbur C. Oliver and
others of his type. He had the ambition, the
pluck, and the perseverance to go through the
first half of his ambition and then, unwilling to
be content with what he had won, entered the
second and more difficult phase of the struggle
where his competitors were men of the first class.
When a man has gone through such a business
history, he is entitled to take a modest pride in
his work, and to feel a certain satisfaction in the
place he has won. Wilbur C. Oliver began 1
with no aids of fortune or of friends, and in the
genuine pioneer spirit of honest and courageous
will-to-win gained a positon in the business
world of the city of Bath which is second to
none.

Mr. Oliver comes of old .'\merican stock, the
Olivers of New England being descendants of the
Olivers of Sussex county, England, the earliest
to come over being Thomas Oliver, who brought
his wife and children from Lewes in Sussex and
settled in Boston in 1632. The tradition is that
they were originally Scotch, and a Rev. Andrew
Oliver came from Scotland to New Hampshire
in the eighteenth century, to take charge of a
church in Londonderry in that State, and after-
wards went to Otsego county, New York, w'-
he was the pastor of the Dutch Reformed Church
in Springfield. Though others of the name came
later in New England history, the names of
Thomas Oliver and his wife Anne, are the only
ones of the early colonists. A celebrated man of
the name was the Peter Oliver who was gradu-
ated from Harvard College, receiving his bach-
elor's degree in 1735 and his master's degree in
arts in 1773, and his doctor's degree in common
law at Oxford, in 1776. He was the Chief Justice

of the Supreme Court of Judicature for the
Province of Massachusetts between the years
1 771 and 1775. There were many Loyalists among
that class and rank of men in those days, es-
pecially among those who had been brought into
close affiliation with the mother country, and
Judge Oliver was of that party. Upon the evacu-
ation of Boston by the British troops in 1776, he
returned to England, and never came back to the
country of his birth but died in Birmingham,
England, October 13, 1791.

(I) John Oliver was born in Phippsburg,
Alaine, in 1788. When a young man he entered
upon a mercantile career, establishing a store for
general merchandise at Winnegance, Maine, and
continuing in this occupation all the rest of his

life. He married Catharine and they had

eight children, of whom one was John,

(II) John (2) Oliver, son of John (l) and
Catharine Oliver, was born in Phippsburg, Maine,
April 4, 1820. His education was gained at the
local schools and when the time came for him
to go to work, he obtained a position in the
Phippsburg mills. In this occupation he contin-
ued the rest of his life having been promoted to
higher positions in reward for his faithful and
efficient service. He was a member of the Bap-
tist church, and he married Elsie, daughter of
Isaac Marr. Their children were: Lucretia, Cleve-
land Marr, Camelia, Charles W., Katherine,
Chester, George, Emma and Wilbur Carter, of
the present biographical account.

(III) Wilbur C. Oliver, youngest son of John
(2) and Elsie (Marr) Oliver, was born in Phipps-
burg, February 29, i860. His education was gained
in the local schools of his native town and at
those of Bath to which he went as a boy of
eleven. He was an ambitious lad with an instinct-
ive preference for the best, and he hoped to be
able to gain a liberal education but this in its
formal sense was denied him and at the age of
fifteen he had to enter the business arena. Like
many other captains of industry he can say, "the
world is my university," and the training he re-
ceived was in the infinitely more varied and
strenuous school of life itself. He fifst ob-
tained a position as a clerk in a grocery store,
and then went to Gloucester, Massachusetts,
where for two seasons he worked as a fishcrniav
After that he returned to Bath and entered the
employ of the Torry Roller Bushing Works.
This business interested him greatly and the pos-
sibilities that lay within the scope of the work
appealed to his keen and clear-eyed judgment of
affairs. With great enthusiasm and a painstak-

HISTORY OF MAINE

ing industry, he made himself familiar with ever\
step of the processes and with every detail of
the administrative methods. His ambition was
to be at the head of an establishment of his ow^ii
on the same lines, and this aim was achieved '.
1883, when he opened his own place for the ga'.
vaiiizing of iron in Bath, under the firm name of
the Bath Galvanizing Works. The beginnings of
this industry were very modest, but good man-
agement and modern business methods have
brought the establishment into the front rank of
those plants that are doing this type of work.
The establishment is located at the corner of
Vine and Water streets, and is a well equipped
plant, the works having been greatly enlarged to
accommodate the increasing volume of business.
The extensive orders taken by the Bath ship-
yards for the building of torpedoes for the United
States Government was one among other reasons
that urged the building of larger vats for the
galvanizing of the large parts of boats. The fill-
ing of this need and the expenditure of thousands
of dollars on the necessary enlargement and
equipment of the plant has been fully justified by
the event, and by the enormous growth in late
years of the business.

Mr. Oliver is a Republican and a very active
and enthusiastic worker along party lines. He
is greatly interested in all that pertains to the
welfare of the city and has never spared himself
in his efforts to afifect the changes that will do
away with abuses and install improvements in
city administration. It is due to the efforts of
such men that the life of a conimunity becomes
more wholesome and gracious from generation to
generation. In 1904 he was elected a member of
the common council of Bath from the second
ward. In 1906 he was elected alderman from his
ward and as a president of the body was recog-
nized by his associates as a superior presiding
oflficer. In 1908 he was the unanimous choice of
his party for the oflficc of mayor, but he declined
the nomination. He served more than one term
as the chairman of the Republican City Commit-
tee. He has always taken a deep interest in the
improvement of conditions in city institutions.
In 1906 the investigation which he was instru-
mental in pushing for the improvement of the
Bath city almshouse brought about its object and
effected a marked change in the work done for
the poor of the city. In the spring of 1913
there had been removed by Governor Haynes
five sheriffs from as many different counties upon
investigation by the Legislature, and Mr. Oliver
was appointed for Sagadahoc county, and served
twenty months. He then ran for the office of

sheriff and was the only man elected on the Re-
publican ticket in 1916. He ran again and carried
every town in the county and is still sheriff on a
platform of the strict enforcement of the law. He
is a man whose sense of justice lies very near his
feeling for business efficiency and roorcd still
deeper in his nature is the kindly sympathy for
those who have not been so successful in their
journey through life.

He finds time in a busy life for a keen interest
in fraternal orders, and is active in Masonic cir-
cles. He is a member of Solar Lodge, No. T4, An-
cient Free and Accepted Masons; Montgomery
and St. Bernard Royal Arch Chapter, No. 2; Dun-
lap Commandery, Knights Templar, No. S, of
Bath; Maine Consistory, Sublime Princes of the
Royal Secret, of Portland; Mystic Shrine and
Kora Temple, of Lewiston. He is also a mem-
ber of the Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks, No. 934, of Bath; the Improved Order of
Red Men, Sagamore Tribe, No. 64; Arcadia
Lodge, Knights of Pythias, No. 12, of Bath.

Mr. Oliver married, November 9, i88l, Esther,
daughter of Arthur Gibbs, of New Brunswick.
They had two children: i. Ralph, deceased. 2.
Arthur Gibbs, a sketch of whom follows:

ARTHUR GIBBS OLIVER— There is no

name better known or more respected among the
younger business men of Bath, Maine, tlftin that
of Arthur Gibbs Oliver, who has been associated
for a number of years with one of the greatest
industries of the region and is now in complete
charge of the business. The Bath Galvanizing
^\'orks are well known, not merely in the com-
munity where they are situated, but, as one of the
largest of their kind in the country, enjoy a na-
tional and even international reputation. Ivlr.
Oliver comes of an old and distinguished New
England family, which was founded in this coun-
try in 1632, when one Thomas Oliver of the great
Sussex family of that name, came from Lewes in
that county of England and, with his wiie and
children sailed for the New England colonies.
They landed at Boston and settled there, being the
only immigrants to bear the name of Oliver until
a considerably later period. There is a tradition
among the Olivers of Maine that their ancestors
were originally Scottish, and a certain color is
given thereto by the fact that there were several
of the name who came to this country later in
tiie Culouial period, notably the Rev. .■\ndrew Oliver,
who settled for a time in New Hampshire in the
Eighteenth Century, but afterv.'ards went to New
York State.

Artlnir Gilbs Oliver is a son of Wilbur Carter

BIOGRAPHICAL

and Esther (Gibbs) Oliver (a sketch of the
former preceding this, in this work), and in-
herits the sturdy character and practical mind of
his ancestors. The elder Mr. Oliver is one of the
principle figures in the industrial affairs of the
State and was the founder of the great Bath Gal-
vanizing Works of which the younger man is now
in charge. The latter was born at Bath, May 2,
1883, and as a lad attended the public schools of
this city. He proved himself an apt student and
won the approval of his teachers as well as the
friendship of his fellows. Upon completing his
studies at these institutions the young man, who
had a strong taste for writing and journalism,
secured a position with the Bath Times as a re-
porter and thus began his active career. It was
not long before his superiors upon the paper dis-
covered that he was possessed of more than ordi-
nary talent and, indeed, from the outset up to the
time that he gave up newspaper work, his success
was assured. After being connected with the Bath
Times for a while, he went to Worcester and
joined the staff of the Worcester Telegram, where
he met with similar success. He was eventually
promoted to the editorial room and by his v.ork
in both reportorial and editorial capacities made an
enviable reputation for himself. Without doubt, a
brilliant future av/aited him in this line of work-
had he cared to continue in it, but there were many
considerations urging him in another direction.
His father was in need of a capable assistant in
the great industrial enterprise that he had founded,
and, accordingly, the young man left the Telegram
and his work and returned to his native Bath.
The Bath Galvanizing Works were founded in
1882, one year before his birth, and its first be-
ginnings had been very modest. The small plant
at the corner of Vine and Water streets had grown
rapidlj-, however, . under careful and yet progressive
management and, at the time that Mr. Oliver was
ready to enter the concern it had become one of
the important industries of the city and of the
country at large. In the year 1918 he became his
father's assistant in the management of the works,
and at the present time (1919) is in full charge
thereof. His ability to thus take up the operation
of so complex a task, and one of such magnitude
is the greatest evidence possible of his organizing
and executive genius. For as large as v.ere the
operations carried on by the company before the
great European war, they have increased greatly
since then, as the government at once contracted
for thousands of tons of their metal products.
One of the most important works done for the
government by the Bath Galvanizing V.'orks has

been the manufacture of torpedoes and this, among
other things, was the cause of an enormous out-
lay on the part of the company for the installing
of more equipment and of a larger type so that
the larger structural parts of vessels could be prop-
erly subjected to the galvanizing process. This out-
lay proved a good investment and enormous quanti-
ties of work has been turned out, especially in con-
nection with the development of the navy. The
work carried on in a plant, such as the one under
Mr. Oliver's charge, is striking and interesting in
the extreme, and some idea of the scale of op-
erations may be gathered from the fact there
are employed there kettles measuring three feet by
twenty and which contain at one time a mass of
moulton metal valued at twenty-thousand dollars.

In spite of the great demands made upon his
time and energies by the great business which he
manages, Mr. Oliver is active in the general life
of the community and enjoys a wide popularity
among a great host of friends. He is a Republi-
can in politics and strongly supports the principles
and policies of that party. He is regarded as one
of the real leaders of the party and has served
for two years as clerk of the City Council. He is
a conspicuous figure in the social and fraternal
circles of the city and especially so in the Ma-
sonic order. He is a member of the Masonic
fraternity— lodge, chapter and council, and a
Knight Templar. He is also affiliated with local
lodge of Modern Woodmen of the World and
i-: one of the six original memVers of the Culoiiia!
Club of Bath.

Arthur Gibbs Oliver was united in marriage on
the tv.cnty-fifth day of Noveml .:r. ioo_|, vrith
Eleanor Dain of Bath, a daughter of Charles J.
Dain of this city. Mr. Dain is a prominent figure
in t!ie life of the community and is now living in
retirement. He was at one time a candidate for
the State Legislature on the Rcpu'ilican ticket. To
JNIr. and Mrs. Oliver three chililrcn have been l^orn
as follows: E-iclyn, Warren and Wilbur.

HON. JOHN HARPER, the son of William
and Lovina (Handy) Harper, was born at St.
Andrews, New Brunswick, May 23, 1844. Wil-
liam Harper was born at Liverpool, England, in
1812, and when he was grown he left home and
settled in the Province of New Brunswick, mak-
ing his home in St. Andrews, in which port he
followed the occupation of seaman, and he
worked his way up until he commanded a large
ship trading with Australia, in which country he
accuniul.-itcd a considerable estate. He married
Lovina, daughter of Levi and ]\Iary (Eastman)

HISTORY OF MAINE

Handy, of St. Andrews, New Brunswick. Chil-
dren: William, born at New Brunswick, lost at
sea; Isabella; John, of present mention; Mary;
Nathan, died in 1907. William Harper, the
father, died in Australia about 1862. His estate
in Australia did not come into the possesion of
his children.

John Harper's mother died when he was five
years old and his father shortly after went to
Australia, where he died as has been just men-
tioned, and John Harper went at the time of his
father's departure to live with an aunt at Calais,
Maine, and resided there until the breaking out
of the Civil War. September 4, 1861, when seven-
teen years of age, he enlisted in Company A,
Ninth Maine Regiment, and served until the close
of the war. He was with his regiment in every
engagement in which it took part; and when mus-
tered out of service had attained the rank of
sergeant. After the close of the war he moved
to Lewiston, Maine, and engaged in the manu-
facture of short lumber. He carried on this
business until 1880, when he engaged in the coal
and wood business, with Mr. M. J. Googin, of
Lewiston, under the firm name of Harper &
Googin, with offices on Bates street, and coal
and wood yards on Bates and Whipple streets.

Mr. Harper is a staunch Republican in politics.
He was a member of the Maine House of Rep-
resentatives from Lewiston in 1887-89, and State
Senator from Androscoggin county in 1891-93,
and his popularity with the voters of his city is
shown by the fact that he has run ahead of his
ticket every time he has been a candidate for
elective office. As a Representative and Senator
he made an enviable record. He made no pre-
tensions to eloquence or skill in debate, but his
tact and shrewdness in approaching and handling
men, his inexhaustible fertility in expedients, his
capacity for organization and combination, make
him a remarkably effective worker in legislative
contests. Few men could win more votes for
any measure than he. In 1887 and 1889 Mr.
Harper was chairman of the Pension Commit-
tee on the part of the House and served on the
Military and Labor Committees. In 1891 he was
in the State Senate and was again a member of
the Committee on Pensions. He was again
elected to the Senate of 1893 at which time he
was chairman of both the Pension and Military
Affairs committees. He was instrumental in se-
curing the passage of Chapter 102 of the laws
of that year, repealing the provision that a de-
ceased soldier must have died "from wounds or
injury sustained in the service while in the line

of duty" to entitle his widow or orphan children
or dependent parent or sister to a State pension.
In 1889 he introduced a bill giving a State pen-
sion to the dependent children of a deceased sol-
dier, and providing for the payment by the State
of the burial expenses of ex-soldiers and sailors
of the rebellion who died in destitute circum-
stances, and forbidding the selectmen of any town
from removing to the poor house any old sol-
diers who might become a public charge.

That all the measures became laws was largely
due to his untiring efforts in their behalf, and the
same might be said of the large pension appro-
priations made by the Legislature for the years
1887 to 1893 inclusive. Mr. Harper took a promi-
nent part in the fight over the "Ten Hour Bill"'
in 1887. Mr. W. H. Looney, of Portland, the
author of the measure, acknowledged his obliga-
tion to Mr. Harper for his valuable and effective
support in an open letter to the Lewiston Journal,
and his constituents have also to thank him for
his persistent and successful work in favor of
the appropriation of 1891 for the Central Maine
General Hospital of Lewiston, which enabled that
institution to enter at once upon its beneficient
work, and the appropriations of 1893 in favor of
the same hospital, the Sisters of Charity and the
Orphans' Home.

In 1889 Mr. Harper was appointed inspector
general upon the staff of Governor Burleigh with
the rank of brigadier-general. This position he
held with credit to himself and the service until
1893, when his successor was appointed by Gov-
ernor Cleaves. In August, 1893, he was one of
the five members of the Governor's Staff se-
lected to receive President Harrison upon his
visit to Maine.

In 1913 General Harper was appointed State
Pension Agent by Governor William T. Haines
and served until January, 1915. He was again
appointed State Pension Agent by Governor Carl
E. Milliken in 1917 and is serving in that capacity
at the present time (1919).

In Grand Army circles and in the Ninth Maine
Regiment Association, of which he has been a
president. General Harper is prominent and
popular, while in private life his well known in-
tegrity, his disposition to stand by those who
have helped him, his cordial manner, his kindly
temper and unostentatious charity have won a
host of friends. He is a member of Raboni
Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and
Lewiston Commandery, Knights Templar.

General Harper married, November 22, 1869,
Estelle, daughter of Robert and Grace (Phil-

(Qc^C^ol Xq/^ 07^Z(^y^r~^M^^<

BIOGRAPHICAL

brook) Knowles. Their first child died in in-
fancy, and their second child, Grace M., born
October I, 1874, died in 1890, at the age of six-
teen.

church. 'Mr. Philbrobk married, in Portland,
September 23, 1883, Annie E. Fay.

EDWARD EVERETT PHILBROOK, who

has for over thirteen years been in the service of
the State of Maine in the Department of Agri-
culture, was born February 5, 1863, in Haver-
hill, Massachusetts. His parents were David F.
and Martha D. (Scott) Philbrook, his father hav-
ing been killed in the Civil War seven weeks
before his son was born. David F. Philbrook
was a carpenter by trade and had volunteered in
the army at the first call to arms. His wife,
Maria D. Scott, was a niece of General Win-
field Scott, whose services to his country in the
War of 1812, and in that with Mexico, are a part
of the history of the country.

Edward Everett Philbrook was brought up by
his bereaved mother and when old enough was
sent to Hampton Academy, and later to Phillips
Exter Academy. He also attended for a time
the public schools of Portland. After leaving
school he learned the tailoring business and
worked at it until 1898. That date marks the
breaking out of the war between this country and
Spain, and public feeling ran high with indigna-
tion at the mysterious sinking of the Maine. Mr.
Philbrook applied for a commission and was ap-
pointed first lieutenant, and was soon promoted
to captain. He was stationed for a time at
Chickamauga Park, Georgia, and saw action in
many places. His record gives him as having
been present in six battles, twenty-two engage-
ments and nineteen skirmishes, according to his
discharge papers. He saw service also in China
and the Philippines, and was aide-de-camp to the
Governor of Maine in 1912-13. In 1904 he was
secretary of the Maine Commisison at the St.
Louis Exposition. In 1905 he was appointed to
the post in the Department of Agriculture, which
he has held since that time, performing his duties
with exemplary fidelity and high efficiency.

In politics Mr. Philbrook is a Republican, and
was the chairman of the Republican County
Committee of Cumberland county, and in 1916
managed successfully the campaign for Senator
Hale. He is a member of the Society of the
Foreign Wars of the United States, of the Vet-
erans of the Spanish War, and of the Sons of
Veterans. He holds membership also in the
Portland and Lincoln clubs, of Portland, and in
the Mountjoy and the Sixth Ward Republican
clubs. He is a member of the Congregational

GEORGE EDWIN FOGG— The Fogg family,

of which George Edwin Fogg, the eminent attor-
ney of Portland, Alaine, is at present one of the
most noteworthy representatives, has been identi-
fied with the affairs of that city for many years,

hib grandfather, Fogg, having been born here

in the early part of the last century. This gentle-
man was engaged as a blacksmith in Portland and
passed his entire life there. He was the father
of three children, one of whom is George Llewel-
lyn Fogg, the father of George E. Fogg, and a
daughter who married a Belgium gentleman and
is at the present time a refugee from that tragic
land, living in England.

George Llewellyn Fogg was born in Portland,
and is now the general manager of the John W.
Perkins Conipan}-. wholesale druggists of that city,
where he has spent his entire life up to the present,
lie married Octavia Roche, a native of Bath,
Maine, and they are the parents of three children,
as follows: George Edwin, with whose career this
sketch is especially concerned; Dr. Charles E.
Fogg, of Portland, a practicing physician there;
and Sumner S., also of Portland, who is employed
as a traveling salesman.

Born January 21. 1878, at Portland. Maine,
George Edwin Fogg has consistently made that
city his home to the present time, as well as the
scene of his active professional career. For the
perliniinary portion of his education he attended
the local public school, graduating from the Port
land High School in 1898. and receiving in the
same }car the first medal scholarship for Bowdoin
University'. He there upon entered Bowdoin, where
he left an unusually fine record for scholarship
liehind him, which secured him a membership in
the Phi Beta Kappa body, and he graduated with
the class of igo2. He had decided upon tlie law
as a profession and accordingly entered the office
of Judge James Simonds, where he read law to
such good purpose that he was admitted to the bar
of Cumberland county in 1906. Since that time
!^.^r. Fogg has been engaged in the practice of his
profession in Portland with a very high degree of
success, and is now recognized as one of the leaders
of the bar in his native city.

Mr. Fogg has by no means confined his activi-
ties to his professional interests, however, but has
taken part in well nigh every important aspect of
the life of Portland and has particularly interested
himself in the question of penology and the prac-
tical application of its theories to criminal con-

HISTORY OF MAINE

ditions in his State and country-at-Iarge. He has
for a number of years lieen treasurer of the Maine
Prison Association, and was sent to represent his
State on the National Committee on Jaiis. In
1913 and 1914 he was president of the Maine Con-
ference on Charities and Corrections, and is a
very conspicuous figure among those who are in-
teresting themselves both officially and as private
individuals in this matter so essential to the high-
est development of the community. Mr. Fogg is
a Republican in politics and is a staunch supporter
of the principles and policies of that party. He is
very active in fraternal and social circles, and par-
ticularly in connection with the Psi Upsilon Col-
lege fraternity, which he joined while a student
at Bowdoin. Since his graduation from that in-
stitution, he has been associated with the Psi Upsi-
lon Graduation Club, serving as its secretary from
1902 until 1906, when he was elected it^ vicc-iJiLsi
dent. He has served as treasurer of the I'si L'|psi-
lun Chapter House from 1905 to the present lime.
'\]t. Fogg has been actively interested in military
and National Guard matters for a number of years,
and was first lieutenant of the Fifth Company of
Coast Artillery from ion to 1914, and became in
the latter year captain of the First Company in
this same important body. In February, 1917, lie
was appointed aide-de-camp to the governor, a
position which he holds at the present time. In
the year 1915 he took a course in gunnery at ib.e
Coast Artillery School at Fortress Monroe, ha\ ing
been sent there by the government for this pur-
pose. Mr. Fogg is a prominent Free Mason, and
is affiliated with the Portland Athletic Club, the
Maine Historical Society, the Portland Society of
Art, and the Portland Camera Club, and is at the
present time president of the latter organization.
Mr. Fogg is also very prominent in the religious
life of the community, a member of the Univer-
salist church, and has been presdent since 1908
of the Maine Universalist Convention.

At Boothbay, Maine, August 20, 1909, Mr. Fogg
was united in marriage with Blanche Sterling Mac-
Dougall. a native of tliat place, a daughter of John
R. MacDougall, an old and highly honored resi-
dent there. Mr. MacDougall still makes Booth-
bay his home and it was there that his wife died.

Mr. Fogg, in spite of his comparati\e youth,
has already established an unusually high reputa-
tion as a capable attorney, whose practice measures
well up to the best tradition of the bar. He has
a wide knowledge of American common law and
he is fully able to give to any case the research
and professional care its importance demands, but
his strongest professional success is as an advocate

before a jury. He is convincing in argument, quick
to perceive the strong points of his own and the
weak department of an opponent's cause, is a good
judge of human nature, and with unerring direct-
ness seems to divine a juryman's innermost
thoughts. He is a member of various law associa-
tions, and has ever maintained the closest relations
with his professional brethern.

WALTER WOODRUFF PARMALEE, M.D.,

the able and popular physician of Auburn, Maine,
and the surrounding region, is a member of an old
and distinguished family whose progenitor came to
Vermont from England, where the family had its
seat. We know that his son resided in Michigan, and
it was in this State that George Henry Parmalee was
born, the father of Dr. Parmalee. His death oc-
curred in Rockland, Michigan, at the age of forty-
seven years, some time in the year 1886. This
worthy gentleman was a sea captain. He married
Adelia McCann, a native of England, v.ho migrated
to the United States at the age of eighteen, and
came to New York City and subsequently to Rock-
land. To Mr. and Mrs. Parmalee, Sr., five children
were born, as follows : Elizabeth, who at present
resides in Rockland with her mother ; George
Henry, who is employed as a Stewart in one of
the prominent clubs of Chicago. Illinois; Annie,
whose death occurred in 1912; Walter W., with
whose career we are here especially concerned;
Harriet, who lives with her mother at Rockland.
Born August 22, 1874, at Rockland, Maine, Wal-
ter W. Parmalee, son of George Henry and Adelia
(McCann) Parmalee, remained in his native town
until he was nineteen years of age, in the mean-
time having attended and graduated from the gram-
mar and high schools there. He also attended a
commercial school, and then entered the business
world as a clerk in a drug store, where he remained
for a period of about two years. The ambition
of the young man, however, was to become the
owner of a store of his own, and through thrift
and economy, which caused him many hardships,
he was able at the end of this period to engage
upon a career of his own, which he did, and was
successful from the outset. In the meantime he
attended a school of pharmacy, from which he
graduated, and this led the young man on to a
taste for medicine which culminated in his matricu-
lating at the University of Vermont, from which
he graduated as M.D. in 1909. He had during this
period sold his drug store to David McCarty. He
served as interne at the Fannie Allen Hospital at
Colchester, Vermont, and then practised for a year
and a half at the Hebron Hospital. In the fall of

BIOGRAPHICAL

191 1 Dr. Parmalee came to Auburn, Maine, where
he established an office and started upon his career
as a doctor. He began his present specialty in the
fall of 1914, and is nOAv one of the recognized
authorities on the eye, ear, nose and throat. Dr.
Parmalee, however, does not confine all his atten-
tion to his professional interests, but he is
prominently identified with the club and fraternal
orders of the region. He is a prominent Free
I^Iason, having taken his thirty-second degree in
this order, and is a member of the lodge. Ancient
Free and Accepted Masons; the Chapter, Royal
Arch Masons; the Council, Royal and Select blas-
ters; the Commar.dcr)-, Knights Templar; the Coun-
cil, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Alystic
Shrine; and the Consistory, Sublime Princes of
the Royal Secret. He is also a member of the
Odd Fellows, and of the Benevolent and Protec-
tive Order of Elks, as well as being identified v.itli
the Grangers. In his religious belief, Dr. Par-
malee is a Congregaticnalist, and. attends the church
of that denomination at Auburn, Maine, and
ardently adheres to the principles of this religious
faith. Dr. Parnialce's relaxation is found in the
delightful pastimes of hunting and fishing, which
are both his hobby, and whenever his e.xactii.g
duties will permit he indulges this taste to his
heart's delight.

Walter Woodruff Parmalee was united in mar-
riage at Lewiston, Maine, September 16, igo2. witli
Josephine E. Howe, a daughter of William S. and
Grace E. (Emery) Howe, both natives of Canada.
Mr. Howe was a second cousin of Joseph Howe,
the provisional governor of Quebec at one time.
To Dr. and Mrs. Parmalee eight children were
born, as follows; William Howe, born December
5, igo.^ ; Edward K., who died in infancy; Charles
Emery, born November 29, 1908; Jacob Brooks,
born August 20, 1909; Walter W., Jr., born Novem-
ber 15. 1912; Richard Hamilton, born December 15,
1913; Anna, born August 3, 1915; and Alfred Wal-
lace, born in 191 7.

GEORGE ALDEN GILCHRIST, retired, re-
siding in Thomaston, Maine, was born at St.
George, Knox county, Maine, May 27, 1851, son
of Captain Alden Gilchrist and wife Nancy (Ful-
ler) Gilchrist, of that place. Captain Gilchrist's
grandfather, Samuel Gilchrist, came from Scot-
land to Maine, and founded this branch of the
Gilchrist family in New England. After leaving
school, at a youthful age, George A. Gilchrist be-
came clerk in a general store in his home town, re-
maining for a year, when his employer established
him in this same busniess for himself. This he

continued for about two years, when he became trav-
eling salesman for a wholesale flour and grocery
house in Portland, moving his family to Rock-
land, Maine, where he made his home. He mar-
ried (first) in 1873, Alice S. Robinson, of Warren,
Maine, who died in 1886, leaving two children,
the elder a daughter, Sarah Helen, married Cap-
tain John I. Snow, of Rockland, and a son, Elon
Barker, married Helen M. Dunton, of Belfast,
now residing in Grand Rapids, Michigan, resident
manager of the Travelers' Insurance Company.
He has five Snow grandchildren. In 1887 he
married (second) Annie L. Frost, of Belfast,
daughter of Moses W. and Margaret A. Frost,
of that place. In the spring of 1889 he leased a
yard in Belfast and begun shipbuilding, building
two vessels there that year. Finding this busi-
ness very congenial, he bought and fitted up a
yard in Rockland, and in 1890 started in there,
continuing in this business until 1896. About
this time, by the way of trade, he acquired the
Port Clyde Marine Railway at St. George, where
he did business repairing vessels and running a
general store for about two years. After suc-
cessfully disposing of this property he returned to
Belfast, in 1899, where he bought the Merchants'
Marine Railway plant. Here he revived the
ship repairing industry which had been idle for
a number of years and started shipbuilding in the
same yard. In addition to a number of
schooners, he built two sea-going suction dredges
for the Government. With the decline of ship-
ping he dismantled the plant and sold the prop-
erty. In 1916, with revival of commerce, he came
to Thomaston, another old shipbuilding town,
where a yard was in readiness for him, and built
the first vessel erected there for seventeen years.
Following this, his final work has been the build-
ing of a Ferris type, three thousand five hundred
ton steamship for the United States Shipping
Board, Emergency Fleet Corporation, which was
launched December 17, 1918.

WILLIS BLAKE HALL— The name of Hall
is one of the most common in New Englaml, it
being found in all parts of that region, but while
most common it is also among the most distinguished
and ancient, having been founded in this country
during the early Colonial period. The family is
represented today in the city of Portland, Maine,
by Vv'illis Blake Hall, an eminent attorney of that
city, and a leader of the Cumberland county bar.
Mr. Hall is a son of Joseph Blake Hall and
Lucinda Evans (Todd) Hall, and comes of good
old Maine stock on both sides of the house.

4.S

HISTORY OF MAINE

Joseph Blake Hall was born in Hartford, Oxford
county, l^Iaine, September 3, 1825. He was the
oldest son of Vv'inslow and Ruth (Howland) Hall,
she being the daughter of Dr. Michael and Abigail
(Blake)' Howland, of Bowdcin. the latter a direct
descendant of Admiral Robert Blake, of England.
Lucinda Evans (Todd) Blake, the mother of his
children, was the daughter of Alfred and Mary A.
(Towne) Todd, the latter then being of Augusta,
Maine. In the spring of 1843 Joseph B. Hall ac-
companied his father, Winslow Hall, to the new
county of Aroostook, where, in Letter H, now Cari-
bou, a new home was begun by the felling of trees
for the log house. In 1848 he commenced his edi-
torial career by starting and editing The Ensign,
a temperance paper, in the city of Bangor. He
had married, in 1847, Frances K. Newhall, of San-
gerville, and her ill health compelled him to aban-
don his journalistic enterprise and take his sick
wife to her old home where she died in 1849. Mr.
Hall then returned to Aroostook county and en-
gaged in the druggist business in Presque Isle. In
1850 he married Lucinda Evans Todd, of Hodgdon.
To them six children were born, four of whom are
now living, Alfred Winslow, proprietor of the Star
Printing Company, Old Town : !May Frances Stet-
son, Portland, ^Maine; Joseph Edward, a lawyer in
Caribou, Maine, and Willis Blake, of whom further.

In 1857 Mr. Hall, in partnership with W. S.
Gilman, started the first paper ever published in
Aroostook county, the Aroostook Pioneer. This
paper became a success under Mr. Hall's able and
energetic management and contributed more to the
settlement and development of the great northern
county than any other one cause. In 1858 Mr.
Hall induced the Maine Press Association to hold
their annual meeting in Presque Isle. Nearly all
the editors in the State availed themselves of this
opportunity to visit this great county even then at-
tracting the attention of all New England. The
descriptions given by these journalists of their re-
turn home undoubtedly was a potent influence in
inducing the tremendous immigration in the few
years that followed before the war. Soon after
this Mr. Hall sold his interest in the Pioneer
and started the Aroostook Herald in Presque
Isle, the first Republican paper in the county, in
i860. In 1857 he had been elected secretary of the
Maine Senate and was twice re-elected. In 1861 he
was elected Secretary of State and held the office
three years. In 1862 the publication of the Aroos-
took Herald was discontinued, and in that year
Mr. Hall, with John T. Gilman, founded the Port-
land Daily Press, Mr. Hall being the editor.
This necessitated the moving of himself and family

to Portland, and with deep regret, but with un-
diminished faith in the future of the county, the
beauty and resource of which he had done so much
to make known, he became for a time a citizen of
the city by the sea, the metropolis of the State.
Selling out his interest in the Press, he bought
a half interest in the Portland Courier (after-
wards the Advertiser) and for some time it was
published by Hall & Felch. Later with his oldest
son, he published the Monitor in Portland. In
the early seventies he for a lime edited the
Omaha Tribune and then removed to Sturgeon
Bay, Wisconsin, and became editor of the
Expositor. He removed to Chicago and for a
time was on the staff of one of Chicago's daily
papers. While a resident here he wrote histories
of Fayette and Delaware counties, Iowa, and of
To Daviess county, in Illinois. From Chicago Mr.
Hall went to Fargo, North Dakota, where for six
years he edited the Fargo Republican.

His intensely busy life, his ceaseless energy and
consequent mental strain, finally brought the
natural result of such constant brain activity and
work for a time had to be laid aside. Recovering
his health in some measure, he took his first vaca-
tion and with his wife returned to visit the scenes
of his early activity in Aroostook county, Maine.
At the urgent solicitation of his many friends who
had not forgotten his earnest labors in making
known the vast possibilities of Northern Maine, Mr.
Hall was induced to take up his home again in
Presque Isle and to again start the Aroostook
Herald in 1883. In the earlier Herald Mr. Hall
had been a friend of every interest that would
benefit Aroostook county. In the later Herald
he denounced much of the legislation of the State
in regard to the disposal of the public lands and
the short-sightedness of the State in voting them
away and otherwise squandering them. His edi-
torials on this subject began to draw attention and
excite comment, but Mr. Hall knew his ground,
no one man, probably, being better posted in re-
gard to legislation in the State of Maine. He was
ever an advocate for the building of a direct line
of railroad from Bangor to Aroostook county. In
the columns of the revived Herald he urged
more strongly than ever before the construction
of a road to connect the county with the outside
world. The Northern Maine scheme collapsed, but
the earnest words glowing on tlie pages of the
Aroostook Herald had prepared the minds of
the people of Northern Aroostook to receive kindly
the plan which later resulted in giving a railroad to
that section that he loved better than any other on
the face of the earth. Would that his eyes had

-it

jU-t^lSl^^

^. ^^^^^-^''T^^T^i^^^^^^^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

at least glimpsed the railway trains and electric
cars coming into his beloved town of Prcsque Isle!
Then he would have said, "Let now thy servant
depart in peace, since mine e\-es ha\e seen thy
salvation."

Air. Hall was translated into a higl-.er life, July
5, 1889, aged sixty-three years and nine months.
He was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, at Caribou,
Vifith full Masonic rites, the funeral services be-
ing more largely attended than any that ever be-
fore occurred in the county, the people thereby
giving evidence of their love and esteem for the
man, his character and ability. He was possessed
of an enthusiastic temperament. '\Vhatever he did
was done with all his might. He was an easy as
well as a vigorous writer, never at a loss for words
with which to clothe his thoughts and the main-
spring of his action was ever the highest good
of the people among whom his lot was cast.

Born October 11, 1868, at Portland, Maine,
Willis Blake Hall formed no early associations with
that city which was later in life to become the
scene of his professional activities and his home.
While still an infant, he accompanied his parents
to Chicago and from that city removed to Fargo.
Dakota. In neither of these places, however, did
he remain a great while, but returned to Maine
with his parents, who had moved to Presque Isle
in Aroostook count}'. It was in the western country
that he received part of his education and there
that he spent his childhood, being sixteen years
of age on his return to the east. He then entered
the new St. John's Episcopal School at Presque
Isle and had but prepared for college when his
elder brother purchased the Caribou paper. This
made it necessary for him to step into his brother's
shoes in the office and do all the inside work of
the office, the father making him a partner. After
the father's death, Mr. Hall first sojourned two
years in Minnesota in the newspaper business for
his brother, taking a course in the old Curtiss
Business College while he was resting. Returning
this time from the mid-west he entered the office
of his brother in Caribou, and then took a year in
the Emerson College of Oratory in Boston prior
to his taking up the study of law. He entered the
office of Hon. Louis C. Stearns at Caribou, v.here
he pursued his studies to such good purpose that
he was admitted to the bar of Maine in 1806. For
a time he practiced in Aroostook county, having
his office in the town of Caribou, and here he made
for himself an enviable reputation. He felt, however,
that larger opportunities awaited him in his profes-
sion in some larger center and accord-ngly. in the
year 1913. he returned to the city of his birth and
ME.— 2— J

has continued to practice in Portland ever since. He
now enjoys a large and well deserved practice and
is regarded among his colleagues as one of tiie
leaders of the bar. Mr. Hall, Sr., v.-as a very
prominent man both in publishing and political cir-
cles in Maine, and his son, Willis B., also takes a
very active part in politics. He is a staunch Re-
pulilican in his political faith, and while residing
in Aroostook county held the position of town
clerk of the tov.'n of Caribou for fifteen consecu-
tive years. In 1907 and to 1909 he represented
that region in the Maine Legislature, and also
served on the school board for six years. Mr.
Hall is active in the social and club life of the
community in which he has elected to dwell, and is
a member of the Knights of Pythias and held the
highest office in that order in the State of Maine,
being grand chancellor in 1907. He is also a mem-
l-er of the Congress Square Associates, and of the
Portland Open Forum, which he himself founded.
In his religious belief he is a Universalist and at-
tends the First Church of that denomini'.tion in
Portland. He is a member also of the society of
the Sons of the American Revolution; of the
Mayflower Society and of the Society of ti:e De-
scendants of John Howland, and is greatly inter-
ested in genealogical matters and local history.

^\'illis Blake Hall was united in marria;;e. June
14, 1900, at Ocean Grove, New Jersey, witli Anna
Howard Tucker, a daughter of the Rev. James T.
Tucker, a well known iNIethodist minister of that
place, and of Rosanna (Iszard) Tucker, his wife.
Both Mr. and Mrs. Tucker were natives of New-
Jersey and both are now deceased. To Mr. and
Mrs. Hall one child has been born, Margaret
Blake, May 21, 1901. Miss Hall is now preparing
for RadcHffe College.

Among the many notable names contributed by
the State of Maine to the records of American
bench and bar, and they have been many and
notable indeed, but few stand so high, either in the
estimation of their fellows for wisdom and learning,
or in that of the people generally as a dispenser
of justice in fact as in name, as does that of Mr.
Hall. As a jurist there is none who has a
m.orc deserved reputation for integrity and im-
partiality, none who has more disinterestedly and
•ndcfatigably labored for the v.-ell-being of his
fellows and the maintenance of the high traditions
cf tlie bar of his countrv.

LORING ERNEST HOLMES, one of the

largest manufacturers of Robbinston, Maine, and
a conspicuous figure in the general life of this
place, is a native of Canada and a son of Thomas

HISTORY OF MAINE

L. and Annie Holmes. Mr. Holmes, St., was the
owner of a large cannery at Eastport, Maine,
where he put up American sardines for the local
market. He retired from business in 1899.

Loring Ernest Holmes was born in Charlotte
county, New Brunswick, Canada, December 13,
1869, but came with his parents to Eastport,
Maine, as a small child. It was in the latter
place that he received his education, attending
for this purpose the local public schools and
studying for three years at the Eastport High
School. He left that institution within one year
of graduation and entered Comers Commercial
College at Boston, Massachusetts, where he took
a business course. Upon completing his studies,
he entered his father's establishment and was
superintendent of the canning factory at East-
port for a period of nine years. In the year 1900,
one year after his father's retirement, he cam'e to
Robbinston, where he erected his present can-
nery for sardines. Since that time he has de-
veloped a large and flourishing business and is
still engaged therein. His establishment is one
of the largest of its kind in this region and he
finds a market for his goods throughout a large
part of the eastern United States. Mr. Holmes
has been exceedingly active in public affairs at
Robbinston and was chairman of the board of
selectmen, a post which he held for two years.
He is also a conspicuous figure in fraternal cir-
cles here and is a member of Crescent Lodge,
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Eastport
Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks;
a charter member of the Lodge of Improved Or-
der of Red jMen, organized at Eastport, Maine,
but was later transferred to Robbinston Lodge.
He is also a member of the Alaine Grange. In
his religious belief Mr. Holmes is of Protestant
faith, and he and his family attend the Episcopal
church.

Loring Ernest Holmes was united in marriage,
February 18, 1901, at Robbinston, with Mary L.
Brainard, a daughter of John M. and Elizabeth
Brainard, old and highly-respected residents of
this place. They are the parents of the follow-
ing children: Francis A., born December 5, 1905;
John T., born May 18, 1907; Mary E., born De-
cember 30, 1908; and Geneva L., born August II,
1912.

CHARLES COOK— The ancient records of
our New England colonies show us that there were
mriny immigrants during the early period of coloni-
zation who bore the name of Cook, and many
lir^es of this family are to l)e found in all parts

o! tlie country. It is inevitable therefore that some
confusion should arise in the tracing of most of
these to their source, and such is the case with
the family of the distinguished gentleman whose
name heads this brief appreciation and who for
so many years has been identied in the most
prominent manner with the life and affairs of the
city of Portland.

The first of the line to v>liicl; be can defniitely
trace his lineage was Samuel Cook, who with
v.ife Elizabeth and several children were living in
.\'ewbury. Massachusetts, from the year 1720 on-
wards. He had moved there from Salem and there
is evidence to believe that he had been in this
country at least from 1699. His youngest son was
born in Newbury in 1720, and it was there that he
died in 1733. From this worthy progenitor, who
ai'pears to have been a man of the profoundest
religious feelings, the line runs through Samuel
(2), Charles, George Henry to Edward Cook.

George Henry Cook was born in Greensboro,
\'ermo!;t, March 7. iSii. but later moved to Port-
land, ^.faine. where he spent the latter years of
b.is life, and eventually died August 12, 189.;. The
surroundings of his childhood were crude in the
extreme, his life being typical of the lad brought
up on the frontier. While little more than a lad,
he became a clerk in the village store at Greens-
boro, and then for a time engaged in a bvisiness
of his own in Craftsbury. In the latter place he
became extremely prominent and represented the
town in the Vermont Legislature, and held the
rank of adjutant in the State Militia. His religious
life Vvas very typical of that time, being distinctly
Puritanical in the quality of its ideas and practice.
\'ery prominent in all church matters, he held the
position of deacon in Craftsbury, a:id was superin-
tendent of the Sunday school there. It was in
the year 1849 that he removed to Portland, Maine,
vrhere he engaged in the hardware buisness, in
association with the firm of Emery & Waterhouse,
tlie H. Warren Lancey Company, and Haines, Smith
& Cook, of which he was the junior partner. He
continued his church work in Portland, where he
became a prominent member of the High Street
Congregational Church during the pastorate of the
well known Dr. Chickering and here once more
held the post of Sunday school superintendent. In
addition to this he was also superintendent of the
Sunday school of the State Reform School. His
death occurred in Portland, August 12, 1894, in his
eighty-fourth year. In 1835 he married Selina
Atv.-ood Aiken, a native of Dracut, Massachusetts,
born January 25, 181 1, a daughter of the Rev.
Solomon Aiken, a well known clergyman in that

BIOGRAPHICAL

city in those early times. To Mr. and Mrs. Cook
six children were born, as follows : Harriett Whip-
ple, who became the wife of Charles J. Frye, of
New York City, where they now reside; George
Henry, Jr., who died in early youth; Selina Aiken,
who became the wife of Captain Rufus P. Staniels,
of Concord, New Hampshire ; Edward Burbeck,
born April 30, 1842, at Craftsbury, Vermont, and
new engaged successfull3- in business at Portland ;
Charles, with whose career this sketch is particu-
larly concerned ; and Joshua O., now a resident of
Chicago, where he is resident manager for the
Farr & Bailey Manufacturing Company of Camden,
New Jersey.

Charles Cook, fifth child and third son of George
Henry and Selina A. (Aiken) Cook, was born June
24, 1845, at Craftsbury, Vermont. Before he had
;v:_chcd i;i:, fourth year his parents removed to
Portland, Maine. The trip was taken with all the
family and household goods behind the little Shet-
land pony, which had been up to that time the
family pet and had probably never known such
hard labor before. Of the detail of the journey,
Mr. Cook retains a vivid recollection, especially
the ride to the famous "Crawford Notch" in the
White Mountains, but though he thus came to
Portland when scarcely more than an infant, he
spent a good deal of his childhood in his native
place, as he returned there in his eighth year and
made his home with relatives at Greensboro and
Hardwick. It was here also that he obtained his
education, attending the local district school and
later the Hardwick Acadenij'. His life was niuc'i
the same as that of the average farmer boy in
that region and of that date. His spare liours,
when he was not engaged with his lessons, vcere
spent in the hard but wholesome tasks incident to
farm life and in the healthy rural pastimes afforded
by wood, stream and hill. Upon completing his
studies in these local institutions, he secured a
temporary position as clerk in the clothing store
of Adam Kellogg, of Montpelier, Vermont, where
he remained about a year, and then rejoined his
family in Portland. His second coming to this
city occurred in 1864 and he succeeded almost at
once in securing a position in the drug store of
W. F. Phillips there, and thus was introduced to
the line of business with which he has since been
so closely identified. Early in the year 1865 Mr.
Cook, who until then had been too young for serv-
ice, enlisted in Company D, Twentieth Regiment
Maine Volunteer Infantry, which was then sta-
tioned before Petersburg, and was at once detailed
as acting hospital steward. In this capacity he took
part in the battles of Five Forks and Appamatto.x

Court House, and at the latter engagement wit-
nessed the surrender of General Lee and the virtual
ending of the war. His regiment, the Twentieth
Maine, was one of the three detailed by General
Grant to receive the arras surrendered by the Con-
federate Army, and it was also one of those to
take part in the "grand review" of the Union Army
which took place at Washington. Returning to the
North, Mr. Cook once more resumed civil life, and
was given his old place in the drug store of W. F.
Phillips, of Portland, where he served so satis-
factorily that in January, 1868, he was admitted in
the firm as junior partner, the business thereafter
being conducted under the name of W. F. Phillips
& Company. This association continued until the
year 1884, when Mr. Phillips w^ithdrew therefrom,
being partly impelled to do so by the poor health
he was at that time suffering from. Shortly after-
wards the firm of Cook, Everett & Pennell was
organized, which has continued in business to the
present day and met with a very high degree nf
success in the conduct of its large wholesale drug
business. For rhany years now it has enjoyed the
distinction of being the largest wholesale drug con-
cern in New England, outside of the city of Boston.
As the head of so important a firm, Mr. Cook
naturally occupies a very important position in the
business world of Portland and is connected with
many of the largest financial and industrial con-
cerns in that region. He is president of the Wood-
man, Cook Company and is a director in the Casco
National Bank and the Mercantile Trust Company
of Portland. He is also a well known figure in
social and club circles of the city and is a member
of a number of business organizations and oth'-r
clubs. among which should be mentioned the Port-
land and Country clubs, the Propeller Club, which
was formed in 1845, and is the oldest social chib
in America. In politics Mr. Cook is a Republican,
and he is affiliated with the High Street Congre-
gational Church of Portland.

Mr. Cook has been twice married, the first time
in September, 1874. to Martha Page Bayley, by
whom he had five children, as follows : Alfred
Page, a graduate of Bowdoin College, where he
received the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and of
the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, where he
took the degree of Ph.G.; Selina Aiken, who be-
came the wife of the Rev. Robert W. Dunbar,
Congregational minister at Millsbury, Massa-
chusetts, but a native of Portland, to whom she
has borne seven children: Charles Bayley, now
of New- York City, where he is a well known
artist, a graduate of Bowdoin College with the
class of 1905; Florence, who became the wife of

HISTORY OF MAINE

Dr. Frank Y. Gilbert, of Portland, to whom she
has borne on child, Francis; Irving Staniels,
who died in 1884. The first Mrs. Cook died in
1884, and Mr. Cook married (second) Harriett
Peters Bailey, a native of Portland, born in 1849,
a daughter of Joseph Stockbridge and Isabel
(Dix) Bailey, of that city, where her father was
a pioneer book seller and publisher. Of this
union two children have been born, Isabelle
Bailey, a graduate of Smith College with the class
of 1913 and makes her home with her parents
at present in Portland; Ruth Stockbridge, a grad-
uate of Dana Hall School.

The energy of Mr. Cook's character has al-
ready been commented upon and it is re-
markable. His business acumen is also of the
highest type and there are many other sides to
his nature which, while not so conspicuous, are
quite as worthy of praise. He is a man of very
broad sympathies, to whom the misfortune of
others is a strong appeal, and though his charities
are unostentatious they are none the less large.
His many activities, based as they are upon the
best and most disinterested motives, are a valu-
able factor in the life of Portland, particularly
the business development of the place. His
sterling good qualities are very generally recog-
nized; his honor, candor, and the democratic at-
titude he holds toward all men won for him a
most enviable reputation, and the admiration and
affection of a host of friends. His success is
deserved, and the uniform happiness of his fam-
ily relations and his life generally is the merited
result of his own strong and fine personality.

NORRIS ELWYN ADAMS— When Mr.
Adams came from college with his newly-ac-
quired honors he began teaching, and for eighteen
years he followed the profession of a pedagogue
in Massachusets and Maine, winning a high de-
gree of success. He then became a factor in
the business world, and since 1906 has been en-
gaged as a wholesale and retail lumber dealer in
Wilton, a village in W^ilton township, Franklin
county, Maine, eight miles from Farmington. He
is the son of Asa M. and Elmira R. (Wilkins)
Adams, his father being a successful farmer for
many years.

Norris Elvvyn Adams was born at Perkins Plan-
tation, Franklin county, Maine, November 2$,
1862, and there attended the district school. He
prepared at Wilton Academy, Wilton, Maine, go-
ing thence to Bates College, whence he was
graduated A.B., class of 1888, a classmate being
the famous divine, Samuel Woodrow. After

graduation he began teaching in Groveland, Mas-
sachusetts, there remaining eight years. From
Groveland he went to Sangus, Massachusetts, as
principal of the high school, continuing in that
position six years, after which he spent four
years as principal of the Jordan High School in
Lewiston, Maine. During these years he won
high standing as an educator, each position lead-
ing to one more desirable from the teacher's
point of view. In 1906 he withdrew from the
profession and established in the lumber business
in Wilton, Maine, there operating both in whole-
sale and retail quantities. He is a trustee and
a director of the Wilton Trust and Banking
Company, and has other business interests of
importance. Mr. Adams is a Republican in poli-
tics, has served as a member of the school board
for three years, but has little liking for political
life. He is a member of Wilton Lodge, Free and
Accepted Masons; King Hiram Chapter, Royal
Arch Masons; Pilgrim Commandery, Knights
Templar; Kora Temple, Shrine; order of the
Eastern Star, with which his wife is also af-
filiated; Williamson Lodge, Independent Order
of Odd Fellows; and the Masonic Club. He is
an attendant on the services of the Alethodist
Episcopal church, and is interested in all good
causes.

Mr. Adams married, in Wilton, August 6, 1884,
Mary, daughter of John and Mary (Pratt) Le-
groo, her father a lumberman of an old Maine
family, his mother born on Monhegan, an island
off the coast of Hancock county, Maine, upon
which a lighthouse is maintained by the United
States Government. Mr. and Mrs. Adams are
the parents of two sons, Harold Legroo, born
February 24, 1891, married, and resides in Wil-
ton; Chester Norris, born September 25, 1896,
now a corporal of the United States Army, serv-
ing in the Eleventh Company, Third Battalion,
One Hundred and Fifty-first Depot Brigade.

ORIN RAND LeGROW, whose death oc-
curred in his home at Portland, Maine, May 25,
1889, when he was but fifty-three years of age,
was for a number of years a well known and suc-
cessful lumber dealer, and his death was felt as
a severe loss by a large proportion of the com-
munity. He was a member of the well known
firm of LeGrow Brothers, which was one of the
largest dealers in all kinds of lumber in this
region. He was one of eight children born to
Ephraim and Lydia (Purington) LeGrow, and
was himself a native of the "Pine Tree" State,
having been born at Windham, Cumberland countj-.

(i2^'i^w^^ /ti ^^^^^y>^^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

September 22. 1835. He was educated at the pub-
lic schools of his native town and at Rents Hill
Academy. His childhood was spent on his
father's farm and he grew up amid the whole-
some rural surroundings which have produced
so many of America's leading men. Upon reach-
ing young manhood, however, he decided to strike
out into the world on his own account, and ac-
cordingly left the parental roof and went to
Aroostook county, in company with his brother-
in-law, a Mr. Winslow. Here he prospered and
became the owner of valuable farming land and
followed the occupation of farming there until
the outbreak of the Civil War. The patriotism
of Mr. LeGrow stirred him to enlist in the de-
fense of his country and he joined the Seventh
Battery, Maine Volunteer Artillery, and served
from the end of the year 1862 until the close of
the war. Upon receiving his honorable dis-
charge, Mr. LeGrow returned to his native State,
and settled in the city of Portland, where he
became connected in a clerical capacity with the
lumber firm of Alexander Edmond, with whom
he continued for a short period. He then with-
drew from this concern and formed a partnership
with his brother, Albert LeGrow, and the firm of
LeGrow Brothers was founded. They engaged
in the lumber business and bought out the inter-
est of Mr. Edmond, which they increased very
largely until they became known as one of the
most important lumber dealers in Portland.
Their office was located on Preble street, and
was there continued by Mr. LeGrow until the
time of his death. He is buried in Evergreen
Cemetery in this city.

It was not alone in the world of business that
Mr. LeGrow was active in the life of Portland.
On the contrary there were but few departments
of its affairs in which he was not a participant
and he was affiliated with a number of important
organizations here. He was a member of Bos-
worth Post, Grand Army of the Republic of Port-
land, and was active in the work of the organ-
ization. He was also a member of the Ancient
Free and Accepted Masons, and of the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows, and of the
Knights of Pythias, all of Portland. In his re-
ligious belief he was a Universalist and attended
the church of that denomination at Portland.

Orin Rand LeGrow was united in marriage
at Windham, Maine, with Lucinda E. MacDonald,
a native of that place and a daughter of Thomas
Webb and Hannah P. (Proctor) MacDonald.
Mrs. LeGrow was educated at the public schools
of Windham and graduated from the high school

there, after which she taught in the same schools
for a period before her marriage. She is a very
active woman and has much executive ability and
is now associated with many important forms of
work in Portland. She is a member of the
Woman's Relief Corps in connection with Bos-
worth Post, Grand Army of the Republic, and
has filled all the offices there. She is also a
member of the State Relief Corps of the same
organization. Mrs. LeGrow is a member of the
Maine Order of the Daughters of the American
Revolution of Portland, having held all the of-
fices in the Chapter and being now a past regent.
She is a member of the Ladies of the Grand
Army of the Republic of Maine, and a member
of the Pythian Sisters. She is a member of the
Congress Square Universalist Church and is ac-
tive in the work of the church society. She is a
woman of great culture and refinement and pos-
sesses an unusually keen artistic sense. Three
children were born to Mr. and Mrs. LeGrow, two
of whom died when they were very young, the
one surviving being Flora Louise, who in 1897
married T. W. Carman of Portland, who was
connected with the Baker Extract Company,
manufacturers of extracts, perfumes, etc. About
a year after this marriage the firm moved the
manufacturing part of the business to Spring-
field, Massachusetts. After a few years the
senior members of the firm retired and Mr. Car-
man became the head of what is now a very
large and widely known establishment. A
branch office is still conducted here in Portland.

There is always something of tragedy when
death steps in before its time and removes from
the scenes of his earthly endeavors a man whose
abilities promise not only a successful career to
himself but advantage to the community of which
he was a member. This was particularly the
case in the death of Mr. LeGrow and was inten-
sified by the lovable personality and high charac-
ter of the man. He was well known and re-
spected throughout the community where he re-
sided, where his essential democracy of spirit
and his tolerance toward his fellows, made him
very popular with all classes of men. He was
a staunch Republican in his politics, but did not
enter political life, preferring to exert such influ-
ence as he could in his capacity of private citzen.

RUPERT SCOTT LOVEJOY, D.M.D., who

is among the successful dentists of the younger
generation in Portland, Maine, comes from a fam-
ily which has been long identified with that State.
His father, Fred Emmons Lovejoy, was born in

HISTORY OF MAINE

Bethel, Maine, March 31, 1863. He now resides
in Portland but spends only the summer months
of the year there, going in the winter to New
Smyrna, Florida, where he recently cleared a
tract of land on the Indian river, and established
a winter resort, which has already met with
great success. He married Elizabeth Hobart
Sawyer, a native of Portland, who was an artist
of no mean ability as well as an excellent pian-
ist. To them were born two children, both of
whom are now living: Rupert Scott, the subject
herein; and Cliflford Sawyer, born February 27,
1887, who has specialized in scientific dairy farm-
ing and is now the owner of a farm with the
moit modern equipment for carrying on this
work.

Rupert Scott Lovejoy was born June 3, 1885,
in Portland, Maine, where he received his elemen-
tary education in the public grammar and high
schools. He then received instruction from a
private tutor, under whom he was prepared for
college. He then entered Tufts Medical and Den-
tal College at Boston, where he took a course
in dental surgery and was graduated therefrom
in 1909, with the degree of D.M.D. He at once
returned to Portland and there began practice in
August of that year. He was one of the first
dentists of Portland to adopt the use of the X-
ray in conjunction with his profession, and also
one of the first to search out systematic dis-
eases of the body having their origin in the
mouth. He has thereby developed a large and
remunerative practice.

From an early period in his life Dr. Lovejoy
has evidenced a remarkably strong taste for art
in its various forms and an unusually keen and
sensitive aesthetic appreciation of it. Indeed, for
some time during his youth he entertained the
hope of making a profession of music and paint-
ing, but on abandoning this idea he still perse-
vered for his own and others' pleasure at his
work on the piano and pipe-organ so that at the
present time he may be said to have attained a
high degree of efficiency therein. Aside from this
Dr. Lovejoy is also very much interested in ar-
tistic pictorial photography and oil painting, in
both of which he himself does work which com-
mands the attention and admiration of the art
world. He is the author of many charming
sketches and finished canvases, subjects of which
have been taken from the picturesque country
about Portland and other sections of Maine.
Much of his work has been exhibited at the Lon-
don Salon and in .'\merica at the Pittsburgh and
California Salons, in which places it has been

awarded various medals for its merit. In mili-
tary matters Dr. Lovejoy has shown much in-
terest doing some of the dental work of the
National Coast Guard and dental work of drafted
men before entering the war. It is here evident
that a man of such versatile activity as he has
displayed, has much to add to the growth and
development of any community whatsoever with
which he may become associated. The e.xcellent
balance of that practical and scientific element
within him with that of the artistic and aesthetic
is indeed a thing most rare and worthy of marked
appreciation even when considering it from an
entirely impersonal point of view. He is loyal
and devoted to his family and to his friends and
his personality is such that it commands tlie ut-
most respect from all who come into contact with
him. He is prominent in club and fraternal life
and is affiliated with a number of organizations,
professional, artistic and social. He is a member
of the Delta Chapter of the Psi Omega Dental
fraternity; the Portland Society of Art; the Port-
land Camera Club; and the Portland Photo-Pic-
torialists Club. In religion Dr. Lovejoy is a
Methodist and attends the Pine Street Church of
that denomination.

Dr. Rupert Scott Lovejoy married April 27,
1914, in Portland, Maine, Irene Groton Libby, a
native of Waldoboro, Maine, and a daughter of
Edward B. and Mary (Groton) Libby, who have
for a number of years resided in Portland. To
Dr. and Mrs. Lovejoy has been born one child
Richard Sawyer Lovejoy, born January 24. 1916.

EDWARD PLUMMER— During his seventy
years of life Edward Plummer, a resident and
leading business man of Lisbon Falls, Maine, ac-
complished a great deal toward developing the
natural resources of that section of his State, and
everywhere are the commercial monuments to
his progressive, public spirit, many mills and
railroads having been organized largely through
his enterprise. He was a native son of Maine,
and his parents were Henry and Wealthy (Estes)
Plummer.

Henry Plummer was a son of Robert and Zil-
pah (Farr) Plummer, and was born December 18,
1796. He was a prominent farmer and mill man,
operating a grist and sawmill which was former-
ly owned by the Gerrishes prior to 1835. He was
a licensed preached in the Free Will Baptist
church, and contributed liberally to the building
fund of the new church and its suppoTt after
its completion. He married (first), February 18,
1819, Wealthy, daughter of Silas and Mary (Sar-

EDWARD PLUMMEK

BIOGR.\PHICAL

gent) Estes. She was born May 22, 1800, and
died January 15, 1830. He died February 18,
1876, aged seventy-nine years.

Edward Plummer was born in Durham, Maine,
January 4, 1830, died there January 7, 1900. The
first nineteen years of his life were spent in Dur-
ham, and there he acquired a good common
school education. In 1849 he left home, went
to Lisbon Falls, and near that town made his
first business venture, the purchase of a saw
and grist mill. There be conducted a success-
ful milling business for thirteen years, then sell-
ing out to the Worumbo Company, and accepting
a position with the buying corporation. He
superintended the construction of the woolen
mills at Lisbon Falls; was one of the prime
movers in the building of the Rumford & Range-
ley Lakes Railroad; the pulp and paper mills of
the Lisbon Falls Fiber Company; .was a promoter
and a large owner of stock in the Androscoggin
Water Power Company, for which he was agent
from the time it was organized until his death,
and in many other ways advanced the interests
of his section of Maine. He was a natural
leader, a man of enterprise and progress, a valu-
able citizen in every particular, always inciting
to greater effort, both by precept and example.
In many of his enterprises he was associated with
Hugh J. Chisholm, a kindred spirit, they both
striving for the advancement of the material wel-
fare of their town.

Mr. Plummer was a member of the Lower
House of the State Legislature in 1870, and ren-
dered public service in many other ways. He
made his home at Lisbon Falls for practically his
entire business life, although prior to his death
he purchased a residence in Portland, which he
intended for a winter home. He was a Repub-
lican in politics, a member of the Masonic Order,
broadminded in his views, liberal in all things,
well known and everywhere respected. He won
substantial success in life entirely through his
own inherent quality, reinforced by an ambition
to rise in the world and to render a good ac-
count of his stewardship. He was popular with
the young and the old, his genial personality at-
tracting all, while his sterling qualities of char-
acter ever retained them as friends.

Mr. Plummer married Augusta Taylor of Lis-
bon Falls, who died there, leaving three children:
Walter, a lumber manufacturer of Lisbon Falls;
Harry E., also engaged in the lumber business at
Lisbon Falls; Ida F., married W. H. Newall, and
resides at Lewiston, Maine.

Mr. Plummer married (second) Sara A. Shaw,

of i'^ieeport, Maine, daughter of Parmenia C. and
Emmeline T. (.\llen) Shaw. She was educated
in the public schools of Maine and ALissachu-
setts, and at a private school in Bath, Maine.
She later became a teacher in the schools at Lis-
bon Falls. After the death of her husband she
removed her residence to Portland, but spends
the vi-inter months in New York City. She is a
woman of cultured artistic tastes, her home show-
ing the cultivated tastes of its mistress. To her
natural tastes she adds the culture of travel, she
having traveled extensively with her husband in
earlier days, touring the West Indies and her
own country very thoroughly. She is interested
in Red Cross work, is a member of the Unitarian
cluirch, and of literary and social societies. An
inmate of her Portland home is her mother, now-
aged ninety years, who is the object of her de-
voted daughter's loving care.

FRANK WINSLOW YORK-There are many
branches of the York family in Maine, and it
may be said of them that almost without excep-
tion their members have in one way or another
won distinction and an honorable position in the
community. That particular branch with which
we are concerned in the present sketch and of
which Frank Winslow York, treasurer of the
;\Iaine Central Railroad Company, is a member,
is descended from one Joseph York, grcat-
grandiatiier of Frank W. York, who was the
first of the family to come to Maine. Since
that time the family has grown and spread to
such an extent that it is now represented in
many different parts of the State. Mr. York's
father, Joseph Samuel York, belonged to that
branch which settled in Falmouth, Maine, where
he was himself born. He removed, however, at
an early age to the city of Portland, where he
engaged in business as a sail maker and con-
tinued thereat for a number of years. It was
in Portland also that his death occurred when
he was but fifty-five years of age. A man of
the highest moral standards, he earned a well-
deserved reputation for honest dealing and pub-
lic spiritcdness, and his death was mourned by
a hirgc circle of personal friends and business
associates. Joseph Samuel York married Fran-
ces A. Ilsley, a native of Portland and a daugh-
ter of Theophilus and Miriam Ilslei', old residents
of that place. Mrs. York, Sr., survived her husband
for many years, her death eventually occurring in
Portland when she was nearly eighty years of age.
To Mr. and Mrs. York, Sr., three children were
born as follows: i. George W., born May 28,

HISTORY OF MAINE

1854, died June 20, 1915; he was associated for
many years with the Maine Central Railroad and
held the office of treasurer with that corpora-
tion for about fifteen years and until his death.
2. Frederick H., born in Portland, and a resident
of that city, married Nellie E. Merrill, also a
native of Portland. 3. Frank Winslow, of whom
further.

Born June i, i860, at Portland, Maine, Frank
Winslow York, youngest son of Joseph Samuel
and Frances A. (Ilsley) York, has made his na-
tive city his home up to the present time. It
was there that he received his education, at-
tending for this purpose the local public schools,
both the Grammar and High School grades.
Upon completing his studies at these institutions,
Mr. York, having then attained the age of twenty
years, began his long and successful business
career in a humble clerical capacity, in a firm
of stock brokers of Portland. After working
in the office of this concern for a short period,
he secured a position as bookkeeper for the firm
of Sargent Dennison & Company. He did not,
however, remain very long with this company,
but secured a position as clerk in the general
passenger department of the Maine Central Rail-
road, thus beginning the long association with
that corporation which has extended down to
the present with a single interruption of three
years. His elder brother, George W. York, was
already connected with this company, and here
Frank W. York remained for seven years, his
aptness and intelligence, to say nothing of his
industry and willingness, recommending him to
his superiors and placing him in line for advance-
ment. After seven years, however, he withdrew
from this employ and became connected with
the United Mutual Life Company, with which
concern he remained for about three years. He
then returned to the office of the Maine Cen-
tra! Railroad Company and occupied a post in
its audit department, where he served for a time
in the position of stenographer. He also held
the same position both in the general manager's
and president's offices, and then, on June I,
1915, he was suddenly raised to the post of
treasurer of the company to succeed his brother,
whose death occurred only a few days later.
In this responsible office Mr. York continues at
the present time (1917). His duties call for an
unusual degree of good judgment and general
knowledge of the financial situation, both of
■which are displayed by him in a high degree.

But Mr. York, despite the onerous character
of his duties, has always devoted and still de-

votes much time and attention to the other as-
pects of the community's life, such as those con-
nected with public obligations and social inter-
course. For fifteen years he served as a mem-
ber of the Maine National Guard, and at the
time of his resignation held the rank of first
lieutenant in the First Regiment. He is also
affiliated with a number of fraternities and other
organizations in Portland, among which should
be mentioned the local lodges of the Independent
Order of Odd Fellows and the Improved Or-
der of Red Men. He is particularly prominent,
however, in the Masonic Order, and is aft'iliated
with Atlantic Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted
Masons; Greenleaf Chapter, Royal Arch Masons;
Portland Council; Royal and Select Masters; and
Portland Conimandery, Knights Templar, and
has been the recorder of the last named body
for the past eleven years.

Frank Winslow York was united in marriage,
October 17, 1893, with Clementina Rafaela de
Pachaco, like himself a native of Portland and a
daughter of Adolpho and Elizabeth W. (Farmer)
de Pachaco. Jilr. de Pachaco is now deceased,
but is survived bj' his wife, who at the present
time makes her home in the town of Falmouth.
To Mr. and Mrs. York one child has been born,
Russell Harding, November 25, 1903. He is novs^
a pupil in the Peddie Institute of New Jersey.

Frank Winslow York is one of those men who
by sheer force of character have won their
way to places of esteem and honor in the com-
munity. He is what is sometimes called a man's
man, his tastes being of the wholesome out-door
kind which appeal to men generally, and here
it may be incidentally remarked that he is par-
ticularly fond of the national game of baseball
and might be described as a "baseball fan." Be-
ing that type which has become familiar to the
world as the successful New Englander, prac-
tical and worldly-wise, yet governed in all mat-
ters by the most scrupulous and strict ethical
code, stern in removing obstacles from the path,
yet generous, even to his enemies, he has car-
ried down into our own times something of tin-
substantial quality of the past. The successful
men of an earlier generation, who were respon-
sible for the great industrial and mercantile de-
velopment of New England, experienced, most
of them, in their own lives, the juncture of two
influences, calculated in combination to produce
the marked characters by which we recognize the
type. For these men were at once the product
of culture and refinement and yet were so placed
that hard work and frugal living were the neces-

(Izri^yy. yJQ.U^'t!^^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

sary conditions of success. Frank Winslow
York is one of the most successful and influential
men in his community. He enjoys the highest
kind of commercial standing and his social po-
sition is a most enviable one. Virtuous, hon-
orable, public-spirited, his life and career exhibit
strikingly those virtues and talents typical of the
best strains which have contributed so material-
ly to the prosperity and development of this
country. Normally, but not unduly, ambitious
to occupy a position of prominence in the com-
munity in vifhich he has chosen to make his
home, he has bent to that end his natural gifts
of mind and body and an energetic temperament
which acknowledges no discouragement, yet
never during the whole course of his successful
achievement has he forgotten the rights or in-
terests of others, or sacrificed them to what might
have seemed his own. He is far too much of
the philosopher to strive unduly or to make
others unhappy at his striving. Yet he has suc-
ceeded in making himself a leading citizen, and
thus has proved himself of the most valuable
type of citizen, not one who makes haste to be
rich, but one whose energies are normally em-
ployed and whose own advantage is so closely
allied with that of the community-at-large that
both are subserved by the same effort.

JOHN ARTHUR NADEAU— For over half a
century John Arthur Nadeau lived in Fort Kent,
a village of Aroostook county, Maine, on the
river St. John, which separates it from New
Brunswick, Canada. While the principal business
of Fort Kent is lumbering and lumber manufac-
turing, Mr. Nadeau, after reaching mature years,
became a merchant and spent his life in the
operation of his two stores, the former in French-
ville, the latter in Fort Kent, in the same county.
He became a leading man of his community, and
was one of the strong and influential Democrats
of the county, serving in high office. He was a
man universally respected, and his word was
held sacred.

John Arthur Nadeau was born in Fort Kent,
Maine, August 3, 1850, died there, February 3,
1904. He attended Fort Kent schools until fif-
teen years of age, then entered St. Ann's Col-
lege, Quebec, Canada, and completed his studies
at St. Joseph's University, New Brunswick, there
spending three years, but leaving before gradua-
tion. After returning to Fort Kent from the
University he entered mercantile life, and finally
established a general merchandising business of
his own, which he conducted until his death. He

was a man of intense public spirit, and he was
always ready to venture his money in any new
undertaking tending to increase Fort Kent's im-
portance. He was one of the organizers and the
first president of the Fort Kent Trust Company,
was collector of United States Customs, town
treasurer for three terms, and a member of the
Maine House of Representatives. He was a
Roman Catholic in religion, and a Democrat in
politics.

Mr. Nadeau married, in Memramcook, New
Brunswick, Canada, November 17, 1879, Sarah
McSweeney, born July II, 1852, daughter of Pat-
rick and Ellen (McGowan) McSweeney. Chil-
dren: Arthur J. Nadeau, born September 9, 1880,
an attorney-at-law, practicing at Fort Kent; Mary
Theresa, born September 9, 1887; married Ken-
neth A. Shorey.

IRA FISH HOWE— At Ashland, Aroostook
county, Maine, on the Aroostook river, fifty
miles north of Houlton, Ira Fish Howe was born,
spent his years, sixty-five, and died, having be-
gun and ended his life on the same farm. He
was a man of energy, ambition, and progressive
public spirit, and while his life was confined to a
small area, was a man of intelligence and vision,
a natural leader, and highly regarded in his
neighborhood. He led in the movements which
tended to advance the good of the community,
and many such movements can be traced to his
public spirit and interest. He has now passed
to his reward, but his memory is yet green, and
a third generation now reigns in the old home-
steam erected by Benjamin Howe, a farmer and
lumberman, as was his son, Ira Fisli Howe, who
was succeeded by his son, Nathaniel C. Howe,
the twentieth century representative of the Ash-
land branch of the family. Benjamin Howe, the
grandfather, married Mary Wells, and settled in
Ashland, she the second woman to set foot in
the town. When their tract of timber land was
conveyed to them, and they were ready to begin
clearing for a future home and farm. Grand-
mother Howe took the axe and felled the first
tree.

Ira Fish Howe, son of Benjamin and Mary
(Wells) Howe, was born at the newly acquired
Howe homestead in Ashland, Aroostook county,
Maine, February 25, 1846, died there, August 25,
1911. His educational advantages were naturally
limited in that new neighborhood, but he im-
proved such advantages as Ashland offered and
readily passed for a well informed man. This
was due to keen, natural intelligence, and close

HISTORY OF MAINE

observation and wide reading. He grew to man-
hood, and bore his share of familj' labor and
responsibility, following in his father's footsteps,
and eventually becoming the owner of the home-
stead, which he never left. He engaged in farm-
ing and lumbering all his active life, then after
a life of usefulness he passed away, aged sixty-
five years. He was a Republican in politics, and
for many years served the town of Ashland as
road commissioner. Mr. Howe was a charter
member of Ashland Grange, Patrons of Hus-
bandry, took a deep interest in the special work
of the Grange, and served in several of its of-
ficial positions. While not affiliated with an>
church organization, he was a liberal supporter of
all good causes. He married, in Ashland, July
24, 1870, Sophia S. Coflfin, born October 13, 1841,
who survives him, daughter of Artemus Wilder
and Meribeh (Scribncr) Coffin, of ancient Xcw
England family. Mrs. Howe is a member of
the Congregational church. Children: Artemus
Wilder, born June 11, 1871; Mary Ellen, born
May 9, 1873; Ann Maria, born February 20, 1875;
David Roger, born October 24, 1876; and Na-
thaniel Cofifin, of further mention.

Nathaniel Coffin Howe, youngest child of Ira
Fish and Sophia S. (Coffin) Howe, was born at
the old homestead in Ashland, Maine, July 9,
1878, and there resides. He has been connected
with farming and lumbering ever since finish-
ing his school years, and has become one of Ash-
land's leading business men. He finished higli
school courses in Ashland, then attended school
at Bucksport Academy, Maine, there ending his
school attendance. He is vice-president and di-
rector of the Ashland Trust Company, of which
he was one of the founders; conducts his own
farm, and is interested in several hundred acres
more, handles agricultural implements, sells au-
tomobiles, and has a large lumber business,
maintaining ten camps in getting the logs out
of the forest and into the water. He married
(first) Luella D. Michel, now deceased, leaving
a daughter, Thelma N. He married (second)
Amelia Cameron, and they are the parents of
three sons: Houghton, Frank and Benjamin. In
politics Mr. Howe is a Republican, now serving
as selectman.

CYRUS CHASE— In 1859 Cyrus Chase, then a
young man of twenty-three, came to Aroostook
county, Maine, purchased a tract of virgin timber
land, which he cleared and improved until he had
one hundred and ninety acres under cultivation.
The years have converted that section of Aroos-

took county into one of the most prosperous
portions of that State, and in this prosperity and
development Mr. Chase has had a share. The
lad of twenty-three is now the veteran of eighty-
three, but still hale and hearty for his years. He
keeps in touch with the business of his town, and
conducts a general real estate business. His ac-
quaintance is very extensive, and during more
than sixty years which he has spent in this lo-
cality he has borne his full share of the civil
burden, and his own village or plantation of
Westfield has benefited through his interest and
public spirit. He is a son of Jonathan and
Susanna (Jordan) Chase, his father a farmer and
veteran of the War of 1812. At the time of
the birth of his son, Cyrus, Jonathan and
Susanna Chase were living at Danville, now South
Auburn, a village of Androscoggin county, Maine,
twenty-seven miles north of Portland.

Cyrus Chase was born in Danville, Maine, July
26, 1836. He attended the Union School in Dan-
ville and early became a farm worker, an occu-
pation he has followed all his life in different
localities. He remained at the home farm until
1857. In 1859 went to Aroostook county, Maine,
and availed himself of the opportunities that sec-
tion offered the farmer and lumberman. He ob-
tained a good tract of timber land in the West-
fieid plantation, and this he cleared as rapidly as
possible until interrupted by his military service
in the Union Army. He enlisted in August, 1863,
in Company C, Nineteenth Regiment, Maine Vol-
unteer Infantry, and saw hard service with that
hard fought but finally victorious Army of the
Potomac. After the Nineteenth Maine was mus-
tered out, he transferred to the First Regiment,
Maine Artillery, and became a corporal. He
fought at the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsyl-
vania, Petersburg, and on through the Virginia
campaign, which ended with Appamattox. In
all he was engaged in sixteen battles and skir-
mishes, but was never wounded. After the war
he was honorably discharged and mustered out,
September 22, 1865. He then returned to West-
field and resumed the broken threads of his life.
He developed his property into a well improved
farm of one hundred and ninety acres, and in
addition has long conducted a prosperous real
estate business. He has prospered abundantly,
and although now an octogenarian he gives lit-
tle evidence of being in that class.

Mr. Chase is a Republican in politics, and in
189s he represented his district in the State Legis-
lature. In 1912 he again served in that body,
having been appointed to fill out the unexpired

Cy^<aL /^^>.^t/lA^

//t^^i>^ ^/^^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

term of a deceased member. For five terms he
served the town as treasurer, and is probably
the oldest town treasurer in the State, and per-
haps in the Nation, and he has many times filled
tlie ofifrces of selectman, assessor and school com-
mitteeman. He is a member of Aroostook
Union Grange, and a charter member of Aroos-
took County Pomona Grange, Patrons of Hus-
bandry; of Wade Post, Grand Army of the Re-
public; and in religious faith he is a Free Will
Baptist.

On January 28, i860, at Auburn, Maine, Mr.
Chase married Abba H. Atwood, wlio died Oc-
tober 7, 1910, daughter of Harrison Atwood.
Children: Minnie G., born December 8, 1862;
Kate E., born October 8, i866; Elmar P., born
March 2, 1868; Selden C, born September 24,
1869; Oscar F., born November 16, 1871; Norman
W., born September 28, 1873; Annie L., born
April I, 1S75; Ada M., born July 4, 1878.

HORATIO GATES FOSS— There are few

names more distinguished among Maine families
than that of Foss, which has been represented in
the "Pine Tree State" for a number of genera-
tions and which numbers many men prominent in
the life and affairs of their respective commu-
nities among its members. The name appears
to have been either of Dutch or German origin
and was originally Vos, a form which is still
common in Holland. Its derivation was prob-
ably from the word Vos, meaning Fox, used as
a nickname for some ancestor who was par-
ticularly noted for his shrewdness or cunning,
or possibly because he used the Fox as a sign
on his place of business. Other derivations are
from the names Foot, Foste and Faust, but the
balance of evidence is in favor of the first theory,
although it is possible, of course, that these
others are all modifications from the same root.
In the form which we are considering, it was
brought to New England at an early age and
is now found widely diffused through the whole
of that region, but more particularly so in Maine
and New Hampshire.

It was founded in New England by one John
Foss, of whom there is a tradition which seems
to be capable of substantiation that he came
across the ocean on an English war vessel on
which he was employed as a calker. He evi-
dently did not enjoy his occupation any too much
as he jumped overboard while the vessel was
lying in Boston harbor and swam ashore. He
was successful in escaping the detection of his
superiors and not long afterwards settled in

Dover, New Hampshire, where there is a record
of him as early as May 14, 1661. He was twice
married, the first time to Mary Chadburn, and
the second to Elizabeth, presumably the widow
of John Locke and the daughter of William and
Jane Berry. His children by these two unions
were: John, Humphrey, William, Hannah,
Joshua, Hinckson, Mary, Benjamin, Tliomas,
Jemima, Elizabeth and Samuel.

While it has been impossible to trace definitely
the line of descent from this John Foss to the
Maine branch of the family which we are con-
sidering, there is practically no doubt whatever
that such a line existed and that the founder of
the family in Maine moved into that State some
time during the third quarter of the eighteenth
century. We know that the grandfather of
Horatio Gates Foss was born at Saco, Maine,
May 4, 1785, and that he died at Wayne, in that
State, July 13, 1863. He was a soldier in the
War of 1812, and while still young settled at
Wayne, where the major portion of his life was
spent. He married Mary Harmon, September 10,
1806, who was born at Saco, March 4, 1787, and
who died there September 6, 1876, and they were
the parents of nine children, as follows: Walter,
born August 24, 1807, and was a member of the
Elaine Rifle Company in 1828; Lucy, born March
6, 1809, and became the wife of William Thorn-
ton; Sally, born August 21, 1810, and became the
wife of Josiah Norris; Jeremiah, mentioned be-
low; Mary, born January 4, 1815, and died April
JO, 1S16; Mary (2), born June 24, 1817, and be-
came tlic wife of Oliver Norris; Horatio Gates,
born December 28, 1818; Oren, born October 6,
1821, died October 11, 1841; and Charles H., born
December 28, 1827.

Jeremiah Foss, Jr., was born at Wayne, March
5, 1813, and there spent his entire life, his death
occurring September 12, 1879. He was a man
of unusual ability, who enjoyed a reputation sec-
ond to none for integrity and upright dealing
in his business as well as in every other relation
of life. He was engaged in business as a shoe-
maker and made a marked success in this enter-
prise. He married Elizabeth N. Hankerson,
of Readfield, Maine, where she was born March
--4, 1814, a daughter of William and Thankful
(Wliite) Hankerson. They were the parents of
twelve children, as follows: Lory Augustus,
born November 15, 1834, died June 22, 1892; Lu-
cretia Ann, born March 29, 1836, died April 29.
1888; John Fairfield, born March 6, 1838; Eu-
phratha Sutherland, born March 3, 1840; an in-
fant daughter, born July 9, 1842, and died Novem-

HISTORY OF MAINE

ber 15, of the same year; Glorina Smith, born
September 20, 1843, died July 10, 1879; Horatio
Gates, with whose career we are here especially
concerned; Lizzie, born March 25, 1848, and died
the following October; Mary Elizabeth, born
August 22, 1849, died October 2, 1851; Oscarnella,
born May 26, 1852, and died February 26, 1855;
Ella Maria, born April 10, 1856; and Celia Han-
kerson, born June 26, 1859, and died May 7, 1863.
Horatio Gates Foss, son of Jeremiah and Eliza-
beth N'. (Hankerson) Foss, was born February
22, 1846, in the town of Wayne, Maine. He
passed his childhood and early youth in his na-
tive place and for his education attended the
local public schools, both the common and high
schools. After completing his studies at these
institutions, he remained in his father's house
until the year 1875, assisting his father in the lat-
ter's shoe-making business. In that j'ear, how-
ever, he came to Auburn, which city has con-
tinued his home ever since, and there entered
the employ of Dingley Strout & Company, the
well known shoe firm. The following year he
became a silent partner of this firm, which con-
tinued to do business under its original name
until 1887, when upon the retirement of Mr.
Strout the firm became Dinglcy-Foss & Company.
In 1891 the company was incorporated and be-
came known as the Dingley-Foss Shoe Company.
Mr. Foss became general manager of this great
concern, and afterwards was given the office of
vice-president which he holds at the present time.
This company employs between five and six hun-
dred people in its various departments and manu-
factures men's, boys' and youths' leather shoes,
and women's, misses' and children's canvas shoes.
In addition to this great business, Mr. Foss is
also interested in a number of important finan-
cial interests and is a director and large stock-
holder of the First National Bank of Auburn
and of the Auburn Trust Company. He is also
an extremely prominent figure in public affairs
and represented his city in the State Senate in
1913. In social and fraternal circles Mr. Foss is
conspicuous, and is a member of both the Ma-
sonic order and the Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks. He is particularly prominent
in the former of these and is affiliated with
numerous Masonic bodies, as follows: Asylum
Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, of
Wayne; Bradford Chapter, Royal Arch Masons,
of Auburn; Lewiston Commandery, Knights
Templar; Maine Consistory, Sublime Princes
of the Royal Secret; and Kora Temple, Ancient
Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. In

his religious belief Mr. Foss is a Unitarian and
attends the church of that denomination in Au-
burn. Mr. Foss' home in Auburn is one of the
finest and most attractive in the State, and is a
center of warm hospitality to all those who are
fortunate enough to possess his friendship.

Horatio Gates Foss was united in marn'age in
1878 at Lewiston with Ella M. Fletcher, a native
of Solon, Maine, and a daughter of Ezra and
Mary Fletcher, old and highly-respected resi-
dents of that place, who are now both deceased.

Possessed of an excellent mind to begin with,
Mr. Foss has made himself acquainted with the
best thought of the world, and the achievements
of art and letters. He is a man of rare culture
and enlightenment and possesses a far larger
education than the majority of those who have
enjoyed greater opportunity than he. It can be
honestly said that he is a self-made man in the
broadest sense of that term, a man who, besides
winning success in business affairs, made the
most out of every talent that has been entrusted
to him in the stewardship of this life. He is
possesesd of an unusually judicial type of mind,
the type that weighs opposing evidence impar-
tially, and so great is his reputation in this mat-
ter that he is often constituted a sort of informal
court by the choice of his friends who would re-
sort to him for advice in all manner of emer-
gencies and to compose their differences in case
of dispute. He is devoted to his home, and finds
his greatest happiness in the intimate intercourse
about his own fireside. He is of a retiring dis-
position and never seeks for any post of public
power or any political preferment, although his
talents admirably fit him to hold such. His busi-
ness career might well serve as a model to the
younger generation which they might follow.

BENJAMIN LOUIS HERMAN, while himself
a native of this country, is by blood and parent-
age a Russian, and exhibits in his own person
the strong and capable traits of that great race.
He is a son of Herman Isaac Herman, who was
born in Russia, and who came to the United
States when but five years of age with his par-
ents, who settled at Portland, Maine. Here he
passed the years of his childhood and early youth
and gained his education. At the age of twenty-
six years, however, he came to the city of Lewis-
ton, where he continues to reside to the present
day. Mr. Herman, Sr., is a man of strong per-
sonality and has met with a marked success in
the land of his adoption. He has been success-
ful in business and prominent in public affairs.

^^i^^-^^^^CC;^-/^ /?<ll^^^OZ^ yU,^y

BIOGRAPHICAL

C-1

and at tlic present time holds the position of
manager of the Union Square Fruit Company.
A number of years ago he was very active in
connection with the Republican party, and was
one of the delegates who nominated Charles Lit-
tlefield, of Maine, to Congress. He married
Bella Markson, who like himself was a native of
Russia, and who came to this country as a child.
She was but sixteen years of age at the time of
her marriage and they became the parents of
eight children, one of whom died in infancy. The
seven who have survived are as follows: Eva
D., who became the wife of Harry Seamon, of
Boston, Massachusetts; Jacob H., who is now
engaged in practicing law at Portland; Sadie E.,
who became the wife of Henry Ginsburg, of
Cambridge, Massachusetts; Benjamin Louis, with
whose career we are here especially concerned;
Lillian, who lives at home with her parents, and
is at the present time a student at the Lewiston
Normal Training School, where she is taking a
post-graduate course; Edward, a student at Bow-
doin College with the class of 1920, and David,
now a pupil in the High School at Portland.

Born November 28, 1892, Benjamin Louis Ber-
man passed his childhood in his native city of
Lewiston and there gained the preliminary por-
tion of his education. He studied for a time at
the Frye Grammar School, from which he grad-
uated in 1907, and followed this up with a course
at the Jordan High School, from which he grad-
uated with the class of 191 1 and where he was
prepared for college. He then matriculated at
the Law School of the Boston University, from
which he graduated with the class of 1914, and
in August of the same year was admitted to
practice at the Maine bar. Since that time he
has also been admitted to practice at the Massa-
chusetts bar, in which State he handles con-
siderable important litigation. Mr. Herman
opened an office at No. 228 Lisbon street, Lewis-
ton, which is still his headquarters, and during
his comparatively brief career he has made a
name for himself as one of the leaders of his
profession in the region which he has chosen.
Mr. Berman has not confined his activities en-
tirely to the practice of the law, but has inter-
ested himself in many important enterprises,
among which should be mentioned the Union
Square Fruit Company, of which his father is
the manager, and which is situated at No. 169
Main street, Lewiston. Of this company he is
the treasurer and belongs to the board of di-
rectors, besides holding considerable stock there-
in. His attention, however, is chiefly directed

to tlie law, an occupation which he himself chose,
in which he takes the keenest interest, and in
which it is his particular ambition to succeed.
Mr. Berman is extreinely interested in all sorts
of out-door sports and pastimes, particularly
baseball and football, and it is a great regret to
him that he is unable to devote any time to
them now. In his politics he is an Independent
and has allied himself with no party, reserving
for himself the entire right fo exercise his own
judgment on all political issues, including the
choice of candidates, without reference to parti-
san interests or considerations of any kind. He
is a prominent figure in the social life of the
city and is a member of the Masonic fraternity,
the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks,
and the Aerial Club of Leviriston. He is a mem-
ber of Congregation Base Jacob, and is active in
support of its work. Mr. Berman is unmarried.

A few words concerning Mr. Herman's fore-
bears will be appropriate here. His grandfather
was Siah Berman, the first of the name to come
lo this country, who emigrated from Russia here
in 1867. He settled in Portland, Maine, where
his death occurred in 1915. For a number of
years he was engaged in business as a dry goods
merchant, in which line he met with consider-
able success. He and his wife were the parents
of tliree children, as follows: Rachel, who died
in 1915; Herman Isaac, the father of Benjamin
L. Berman; Aaron, who is now engaged in the
fruit business in Portland.

CLARENCE ATWOOD BAKER, M.D.—

.\inong the physicians of Portland, Maine, Dr.
Clarence Atwood Baker occupies a distinguished
position and is rightly regarded as one of the
leaders of his profession in that part of the Stats.
He comes of old New England stock, the Bakers
having come into Maine from Massachusetts dur-
ing the Colonial period, and since that time mem-
bers of the family have occupied an important
place in the life of the community and closely
identified themselves with its affairs.

Dr. Baker's paternal grandfather. Snow Baker,
by name, was born at Alna, Maine, and died at
Boothbay in the same State. During his life
he was engaged in business as a millwright. He
married Abby Plummer, by whom he had the
following children: Daniel, Elbridge, John P.,
mentioned below; Snow, Jr., and Wesley, all of
whom are now deceased.

John Plummer Baker, the father of Dr. Baker,
vvas born at Alna, Maine, May l6, 1816. Like
his father he engaged in business as a millwright.

HISTORY OF MAINE

and in later years removed to the city of Port-
land, where eventually he died in the month of
November, 1885. He married Abby Williams
Ford, a native of Marshfield, Massachusetts, born
June 30, 1820, a daughter of Benjamin Franklin
and Nabby (Simmons) Ford. Benjamin Frank-
lin Ford was a prominent resident of Marshfield,
who lated moved to the State of Maine, where he
settled at Bristol Mills, and there died at the
age of eighty-six. He and his wife were the
parents of the following children: Abby Wil-
liams, who became Mrs. John Plummer Baker;
Ann, Augustus, Frank, Elizabeth, Charles, Har-
riett, Josephine and Eugene, all of whom are now
deceased. The Ford family is of Irish origin
and was founded in this country by Mrs. Ford, a
widow, and her two sons, who settled in Marsh-
field at an early date. To Mr. and Mrs. John
Plummer Baker the following children were born:
Augusta, who died at the age of fifty years; Ed-
ward L., who resides at Somerville, Massachu-
setts, where he is engaged in business as a car-
penter; Clarence Atwood, of whom further;
Charles W., of Needham, Massachusetts, who is
engaged in business as a broker in Boston; and
Annie H., who resides at Portland.

Born on January 3, 1852, at Newcastle, Maine,
Dr. Clarence Atwood Baker, third child of John
Plummer and Abby Williams (Ford) Baker, spent
but the first two years of his life in his native
place. At that age he accompanied his parents
who moved to Bristol Mills, Maine, and it was
at the latter place that he formed his early asso-
ciations and was educated, insofar as his prelim-
inary schooling went. At the local public schools
he was fitted for entrance at Lincoln Academy,
Newcastle, Maine, and matriculated at Bowdoin
College, in the year 1874. Here he took the
usual classical course and was graduated with
the class of 1878, leaving behind him an excellent
record for character and good scholarship. The
year 1874 also marked the end of his residence
at Bristol Mills. After graduating from Bow-
doin College, with the degree of A.B., three years
later receiving his degree of A.M., he began at
once the study of medicine at the same institu-
tion. After a four years' course he was grad-
uated in 1882 with the degree of M.D. and at
once made his way to Portland, where he be-
gan active practice. This he continued with a
high degree of success for a period of some five
years, and then decided to supplement his studies
with post-graduate work in Europe. Accord-
ingly, he went to that country and for a time
made his home in the city of Edinburgh, Scot-

land, where he took his post-graduate work in
the famous University there, and he spent in all
about eighteen months in Europe. He then re-
turned to the United States and once more re-
sumed his practice at Portland. In this he has
been extremely successful, and is now one of
the best known and most popular physicians in
the city, enjoying an equal reputation among his
professional colleagues and with the community-
at-large. At the present time (1917) he is on the
Exemption Board, Division One, of the United
States.

Dr. Baker has not allowed his professional
duties to interfere with what he considers his
obligations as a citizen, and has taken during
his entire life in Portland, a keen and active inter-
est in its affairs. He served for two years,
namely, 1882 and 1883, on the school board,
after which he resigned from duties which were
too exacting in their character to be reconciled
with his professional work. Dr. Baker is a very
prominent Free Mason and has attained his
thirty-second degree in that order. He is affili-
ated with the following Masonic bodies: Lodge
No. 74, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, of
Bristol; Greenleaf Chapter, Royal Arch Masons;
St. Albans Commandery, Knights Templar; the
Council, Royal and Select Masters; and Kora
Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the
Mystic Shrine.

On June 4, 1884, Dr. Baker was united in mar-
riage with Mary Augusta Whitman, born at
Anthony, Rhode Island, near Providence, Sep-
tember 26, 1854. Mrs. Baker is a daughter of
Thomas Arnold Whitman, who was a prominent
resident of Providence, engaged in the banking
business there, who died there many years ago.
Dr. and Mrs. Baker are members of St. Paul's
Episcopal Church of Portland, Maine, and he is
at present senior warden.

There is something intrinsically admirable in
the profession of medicine that illumines by re-
flected light all those wiio practice it. Some-
thing, that is, concerned with its prime object,
the alleviation of human sufTering, something
about the self-sacrifice that it must necessarily
involve that makes us regard, and rightly so, all
those who choose to follow its difficult way and
devote themselves to its great aims, with a cer-
tain amount of respect and reverence. It is
true that today there has been a certain lowering
of the average of the standards and traditions
of the profession, and that there are many within
its ranks at the present time who have proposed
to themselves selfish or unworthj- objects in-

BIOGRAPHICAL

€3

stead of those identified with the profession it-
self, whose eyes are centered on the rewards
rather than the services, yet there are others also,
who have preserved the purest and best ideals
of the calling and whose self-sacrifice is as dis-
interested as that of any who have preceded them.
To such men we turn to seek the hope of the
great profession in the future, to the men who,
forgetful of personal considerations lose them-
selves, either in the interest of the great ques-
tions with which they have concerned them-
selves or in the joy of rendering a deep service
to their fellow-men. This type of man can be
found in Dr. Baker, whose work in the city of
Portland, Maine, in the interests of its health,
both as a private practitioner and in his capacity
as a health officer has done the public and con-
tinues to do them an invaluable service.

LOUIS A. CYR— In 1912 Mr. Cyr saw his
store and stock of general merchandise at Lime-
stone, Aroostook county, Maine, totally destroyed
by fire. He had but a few years before become
sole owner of the business through the purchase
of his partners' interest, and in one night he saw
his hopes sadly shattered, but he began at the
bottom again, rebuilt, and has regained the place
in the business world from which he was tem-
porarily dispossessed. Mr. Cyr is a son of Alexis
and lulienne (Sirois) Cyr, his father a farmer, a
member of the Maine Legislature, and for Iwenty-
six years postmaster of Grand Isle, Maine, a
Democrat and a man of high character.

Louis .\. Cyr was born in Grand Isle (now
Lille), Maine, June 18, 1875. He was educated
in the public schools. Normal School, and St.
Joseph's College (New Brunswick), and for a
time after graduation was a teacher. Later he
became clerk in the general store of Henry Gag-
non at Van Buren, Maine, there remaining four
years. At the end of that period he located at
Limestone, Maine, in the employ of the same
firm, opening a branch store there. He was ad-
mitted a partner in 1900, the firm reorganizing
as H. A. Gagnon & Company. In 1904 he bought
his partner's interest, and since that year he has
conducted business under his own name. In 1912
he was burned out, but at once rebuilt and has a
large and well established general merchandising
business. He is ^'^ce-president of the Limestone
Trust Company; town treasurer; notary public;
and formerly a selectman of the town. Mr. Cyr
is a Democrat in politics; a member of Van Buren
Lodge, Knights of Columbus; and is a prominent
member of the Catholic church.

Jilr. Cyr married in Frenchville, Maine, July

24, 1897, Laura A. Franck, daughter of Joseph
and Hortense (Saucier) Franck. Mr. and Mrs.
Cyr are the parents of nine children: Cecile M.,
born August 2, 1899; Esther M., born October
4, 1901; Louis E., born May 7, 1903; Emile J.,
born January 19, 1905; Lauretta R., born Octo-
ber 7, 1906; Leo George, born July 25, 1909;
Sylvio, born March 23, 191 1 ; Annette, born March

25, 1914, and Lucille, born May 20, 1916.

WALTER BENSON MOORE— Although a
resident of Portland, Maine, for a comparatively
brief period, Walter Benson Moore, the popular
and energetic secretary of the Chamber of Com-
merce of that city, has in that time grown to be
most closely identified with the life and aflFairs
of the community and now occupies a prominent
place both in the notice and regard of his fel-
low-citizens. He is a native of Ohio, and is the
son of Louis Jackson and Cora Belle (Hackett)
Moore, of Dayton, Ohio, where his father was
successfully engaged in business as a miller for
many years. Mr. Moore, Sr., was a man of some
prominence in his neighborhood and enjoyed an
enviable reputation for probity and straightfor-
ward dealing among his fellow-citizens, and he
gave his son the advantages of an excellent edu-
cation.

Born Febraury 22, 1875, at Dayton, Ohio, Wal-
ter Benson Moore attended the public schools of
his native city for his education. Upon com-
pleting his studies in these institutions, he took
a business course offered to young men by the
Young Men's Christian Association of Dayton,
where he well proved his capacity as a student
and from which he profited highly. He then se-
cured a position with the National Cash Regis-
ter Company of Dayton, Ohio, and remained
for ten years with that concern, during which
time he was associated with executive, selling
and manufacturing departments. He proved his
ability and vaUie to his employers by his readi-
ness and aptness in grasping the details and prin-
ciples of the business, and was rapidly promoted
to positions of greater and greater responsibility.
After severing his relations with this company,
he was associated for five years with the Com-
mercial Dayton Receivers' & Shippers' Associa-
tion, and also served for a similar period as sec-
retary of the Dayton Chamber of Commerce. At
the end of the latter period he left Dayton and
went to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, where for
two years he was secretary of the Oklahoma City
Chamber of Commerce. He spent the following

HISTORY OF MAINE

three years in organizing a number of commercial
associations and then came to Portland, Maine,
where he took the position of secretary of the
Portland Chamber of Commerce, a post which
he continues to hold at the present time. In this
capacity he has done a great deal to assist in
the business and commercial development of the
city, and is now recognized as a factor of im-
portance in this aspect of the community's life.
While still a resident of Dayton, Mr. Moore took
a very active part in public affairs and was an
influential figure on the political situation there.
He served for four years as chairman of tl:-.
finance committee of the city and in that office
was responsible for many important reforms in
the fiscal situation there. He was also active in
the military life of the community and was a
member of the First Regiment of Ohio Volun-
teer Cavalry, Troop F, and served as a corpora!
during the Spanish-American War. He is a
conspicuous figure in social, fraternal and club
life of Portland, and is a member of the
Economic and Rotary clubs there and the
local lodge of the Benevolent and Protec-
tive Order of Elks. He is also prominent in
the Masonic order and is affiliated with Siloani
Lodge, No. 276, Ancient Free and Accepted
Masons, of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, the Chap-
ter, Royal Arch Masons; the Council, Royal and
Select Masters; the Comiuandery, Knights Tem-
plar; Albert Pike Lodge of Perfection, No. 2,
of McAllister, Oklahoma; India Temple, Ancient
Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of
Oklahoma City; and Indian Consistory, No. 2,
Sovereign Princes of the Royal Secret; of the
Scottish Rite Bodies, South McAllister, Okla-
homa. In his religious belief Mr. Moore is a
Congregationalist and both he and his family
attend the State Street Church of that denom-
ination at Portland, Maine.

Walter Benson Moore was united in marriage,
January 31, 1906, at Dayton, Ohio, with Julia
Stuart Cowan, a daughter of Hugh Chambers and
.^nna Lorraine (Laystroth) Cowan, old and high-
ly respected residents of that city. To Mr. and
Mrs. Moore two children have been born, as fol-
lows: Marjory Anne, February 2, 1907, and Vir-
ginia Elsie, January 17, 1911.

It is only of comparatively recent times that
the inestimable benefits conferred upon the com-
munity by the sober business man and merchant
are coming to be given their due share of rec-
ognition, and that the records of these men are
being set down alongside of those more showy
ones connected with military service and the af-
fairs of State, as most truly representative of

human life on the average and most largely con-
tributive to the sum of human happiness in the
aggregate. This growing appreciation of the
part played by those concerned with the com-
mercial and financial interests of the community
has been coincident with a profound change in
the organization of society itself, a change that
has involved the shifting of its base from war
to industry. Before this change had taken place,
although the value of the merchant was realized
in a dim sort of way by the warlike lords of
creation, it was tinged with scarcely more con-
sideration than that accorded to the creatures of
the chase, that were thought valuable, indeed,
but merely valuable as a prey for their fierce and
insatiable desires, a consideration typified by that
of the robber barons of medieval Germany for
the traders whose caravans they helped to plun-
der. In the gradual emergence into popular no-
tice and respect of a mode of life essentially far
more noble than that which originally despised
it, this country, with its republican institutions,
its democratic ideals and independent defiance of
old formulae, has played a prominent, perhaps
the most prominent part. In the United States
of America, while we have amply honored those
who have sacrificed themselves in war in the
common weal, as we have honored those who
sacrificed themselves in any calling, we have re-
fused to accept the dictum of a past age and for-
eign clime and that there is anything intrinsically
honorable in the warlike calling, giving our ad-
miration instead to pursuits which, in their very
nature, tend to upbuild, not to destroy, which
would give and preserve life, not take it. It
therefore becomes our appropriate function to set
down the records of such men as have established
themselves in the regard of the community as
examples of ability in these occupations which,
more than any other, are typical of life as we
find it here in our midst today. There is prob-
ably no other region which has been, and still
is, more productive of such records than that
of New England, the development of whose great
commercial interests is associated with a host
of names recognized by all as those of the leaders
and captains in this wholly beneficient campaign
for the conquest of the realms of inanimate na-
ture, and the spread of human power and com-
fort. Among these names there is one that holds
a high place in the records of the people of
Maine, especially those of Portland, in which
city it is most closely identified with the lives
of his fellows, and this name is that of W^alter
Benson Moore.

\t1

3^^^^ A (^^

axy^

BIOGRAPHICAL

GEORGE A. PHAIR— For twenty-one years
Mr. Phair has been in the United States customs
service at Limestone, Maine, and there has
formed a wide circle of friends and acquaintances.
He is a son of Andrew and Anna (Benneman)
Pliair, who came to Maine from Ireland, set-
tling in Aroostook county, where he engaged in
lumbering the remainder of his life, and died in
i8s8.

George A. Phair was born in Limestone, Aroos-
took county, Maine, March 17, 1855. He was
but three years of age when his father died, and
at quite an early age he began providing for his
own maintenance. He attended the public
schools, and was for several years engaged in
farming and in lumbering. In 1897 he entered
the employ of the United States Government in
the department of customs, and has since been
continuously connected with that branch of the
public service, twenty-one years having elapsed.
In May, 1918, he was appointed immigration in-
spector. Department of Labor, in conjunction
with the customs service. He is a director of
the Limestone Trust Company, and a member
of the executive committee of the board; in poli-
tics a Republican, formerly a member of the
Board of Selectmen, and of the Limestone School
Board. He is a member of the Methodist Epis-
copal church, and interested in the work of that
church and kindred societies.

Mr. Phair married (first) in Andover, New
Brunswick, Canada, in May, 1880, .\nna Kelly,
daughter of Henry N. and Mary (Dyer) Kelly.
She died in February, 1888. He married (sec-
ond) in Limestone, Maine, in 1890, Minnie M.
Thompson, daughter of Solomon and Lydia
(Bradbury) Thompson. Children of George A.
and Anna (Kelly) Phair: James Henry, Lizzie
E., Mark T., Maud, and Mary Phair, the two
last nained dying in infancy. Children of George
A. and Minnie M. (Thompson) Phair: Philip
A., Edward C, Sarah L., Hallie M., Benjamin and
Burns, twin boys; Mariel M., Marjorie O. and
Gladys A., making a total of twelve living, all
residing in Limestone, Aroostook county, Maine.

HANNO Vi^HEELOCK GAGE— A prominent
and able member of the Portland bar, which
always recognized his worth, Hanno W. Gage
was a man whose death, in 1907, was a severe
loss to the community. Endowed with great
intellectual gifts, he had also achieved a char-
acter which was a combination of strength and
gentleness, and of a knowledge of men and a
knowledge of books rarely united in the same

person. His sympathy, his simplicity, his charm
of manner, and his forceful directness all com-
bined to make him one of the most revered and
the most profoundly loved men in that section
of the State.

Mr. Gage was born in Bridgton, Maine, Jan-
uary 28, 1843, and was educated at the local
scliools and at the North Bridgton Academy.
Lil.e many other young men who have not yet
found the course for which they are to steer,
he taught school for a time, most of his engage-
ments being in and about Bridgton. About the
time he was twenty he decided that he would take
up the profession of law for a life work, and in
1863 came to Portland and entered upon his
studies in the office of Sewall C. Strout. In
1866 he was admitted to the bar, and a partner-
ship was formed with his former preceptor un-
der the style of Strout & Gage. In 1880 Fred-
eric S. Strout joined the association, and the
firm became known thereafter as Strout, Gage &
Strout. The name remained the same when
eight years afterward Charles A. Strout took the
place of Frederic S. Strout, who had left a va-
cancy by death. In 1894 Sewall C. Strout was
appointed a justice of the Supreme Judicial Court,
and withdrew from the partnership, the remain-
ing partners continuing in their practice under
the name of Gage & Strout, this association be-
ing finally dissolved by the death of Hanno W.
Gage, January 4, 1907.

The ability and high character of Mr. Gage
were recognized by his brethren of the court
and bar, and he was appointed one of the board
of examiners of Cumberland county. January 26,
1895, he was elected vice-president of the Cum-
berland Bar Association, and January 24, 1905,
was elected the president of the same association,
a position which he held up to the time of his
death. He was a member of the Greenle'al Law
Library, the Cumberland Club, Ivanhoe Lodge,
Knights of Pythias, and Beacon Lodge, Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows.

Mr. Gage married. May 27, 1874, Addie M. Ray-
mond, daughter of Samuel T. and Elizabfeth Ray-
mond, of Cumberland Mills, who survives him.
They had one daughter, Louise (GageJ Camp,
the wife of Paymaster Walter T. Camp, of thr
United States Navy.

The following resolutions were adopted by the
committee of the Cumberland Bar at the time of
his death. The committee consisted of Wil-
liam R. Anthoine, Augustus F. Moulton and
Charles A. Strout:

veil, Th:l

HISTORY OF MAINE

desire to record their sense of tlie loss that hag come
to the profession, and to the ^Thole .omniiiinty. in tlie
death of Hanno W. Gage, lat.- a n ;h,l- r ••; i!,;- r.ar
and a practitioner in nil of ..r ' ■ , . '■'

those rare characters in whirl, ! i m h ' i'li

great activity and busines.s .■a|,.ir,:, ;,.,,,., 1,1 ■ ,i ,. itli
men OS well as v. itli lioolis; iii...i; ... .,., ...,i ..., .a.a,-
retical. He has passed away lainente.l liy ti.e I!ar, tlie
Bench, and all wlio were favored with his acquaintance.
He had tlie esteem, respect and affection of kis breiiiren
at the Bar when living, for his ability, honor and intes,'-
rlty, and for his good fellowship. We desire to place
upon the records of this Court an expression of our
appreciation of his high (lualities as a lawyer, c itizeu
and friend.

GEORGE ALBERT COWAN— Although ad-
mitted to the Maine bar in 1906, Mr. Cowan did
not begin the practice of law until 1910, when he
located in Damariscotta, Lincoln county, where
he has successfully practiced his profession until
the present, 1919. Since coming to Damariscotta,
he has thoroughly identified himself with the in-
terest of that village, and has borne an important
part in public affairs. He is a son of George
Sawyer and Lydia Ann (Humphrey) Cowan, his
father a carpenter and builder.

George Albert Cowan was born in Hampden,
Penobscot county, Maine, April 16, 1882. He
completed public school grammar courses, then
entered Hampden Academy, whence he was
graduated, c'ass of June, 1903. He then entered
the law department of the University of Maine,
pursued a three years' course, and in June, 1906,
was graduated LL.B., and was admitted to the
Maine bar at the August term in Bangor The
next three years he spent in teaching, one year
in Jackson, Maine, High School, and two years
as principal of schools in St. George, Maine. In
1910 he located at Damariscotta, where he has
won public favor and gained the law business
of an important clientele, including the Newcastle
National Bank of Damariscotta, which he serves
as attorney.

Mr. Cowan is a Republican in politics, and in
Hampden served as a member of the school
board for three years. In Damariscotta he served
three years as town clerk; was second selectman
two years; and is the present chairman of the
Board of Selectman. In 1917 he was appointed
by Governor Milliken, county attorney for the
county of Lincoln, Maine, and in November, 1918,
he was regularly elected to succeed himself in
that office. He is a member of Star of Progress
Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, Jackson; Lincoln
Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of Damariscotta, and
a past chancellor commander; past master of
Alna Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of
Damariscotta; high priest of Ezra B. French

Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, of Damariscotta;
King Hiram Council, Royal and Select Masters,
of Rockland; Chrystal Chapter, Order of the
Eastern Star; VValdoboro Lodge, Loyal Order of
!Moose; Rockland Camp, Sons of Veterans; and
is an associate member of Harlow Dunbar Post,
Grand Army of the Republic. He attends the
Methodist Episcopal church.

Mr. Cowan married (first) in 1905, Ora L.
Emerson, who died in 1907, daughter of Wilbert
W. Emerson, of Hampden, Maine. He mar-
ried (second) in 1909, Emma M. Hall, who died
in 1916, daughter of James Hall, of St. George,
Maine. He married (third) January i, 1918,
Agnes M. Sproul, daughter of Captain Joseph
D. Sproul, a retired master mariner. By 'lis first
marriage Mr. Cowan has a son, Otto, born No-
vember 13, 1906, and by his third a son, Tlieodore
Fash, born November 11, 1918.

RICHARD WINSLOW HERSEY — The

Hersey family is of that sturdy and capable New
England stock which has given so many of hci
strongest men to this country and its representa-
tive in the last generation has well displayed in
his own personality the virtues and qualities
which have for so many generations distinguished
his ancestors. Richard Winslovvf Hersey, one
of the most substantial and successful of the busi-
ness men of Portland, Maine, is that representative
and has won through his own efforts the enviable
position which he now holds in the esteem of the
community. He is a son of Elias Hersey, a
native of Portland, Maine, born in 1833, died
October 20, 1897, at the age of sixty-four years.
Mr. Hersey, Sr., during his youth was connected
with the Casco Bank, but he later severed his
connections with this institution and founded
the roofing business which under his, and later
under his son's management, has reached its
present great proportions. Mr. Hersey, Sr.,
married Harriette Winslow, like himself a native
of Portland, where she still continues to make her
residence, having reached at the present time the
advanced age of eighty-two years. They were
the parents of the following children : Harry, who
died in infancy ; Elias Winslow, who died in the
year 1909 at the age of fifty years; Annie, who
is now the wife of Charles G. Allen, of Portland;
Seth, who resides in Portland; Joseph W., who
resides in Portland and is connected with the
roofing business founded there by his father;
Philip, who makes his home in Portland and is
associated with the Canal Bank; Mabel, who is
now the wife of Louis E. Legge, of Rockford,

^-^%U-0 Cc4:w-e.-M^

BIOGRAPHICAL

Illinois; and Richard Winslow, with whose career
we are here concerned primarily.

Born March i, i88o, at Portland, Maine, Rich-
ard Winslow Hersey has made that city con-
stantly his home up to the present time. He
began his education at the local public schools,
but was later sent to the Billerica Military
School at Billerica, Massachusetts, where he
studied for a number of years. Upon complet-
ing his course at this institution, Mr. Hersey
returned at once to his native Portland, where he
became connected with the Elias Hersey Roof-
ing Company, the concern founded by his father,
which has already been mentioned. The office
of this company is situated at 123 Center street,
Portland, where it was originally established as
early as 1859. The elder Mr. Hersey died in
the year 1897 and the control of the business
passed into the hands of Elias Winslow Hersey.
With his death the business passed once more to
another brother, Robert W. Hersey, now de-
ceased. Since that time the control of the great
company has been in the hands of Richard Wins-
low Hersey of this sketch, who at the present
time is directing most efficiently the affairs there-
of. Its present great development has been due
in no small degree to his talent as a manager,
and it is now the largest concern of its kind in
the State. Recently the company was incor-
porated, and it has started anew on wliat will
doubtless prove an equally successful period of
its career. Mr. Hersey is a man of strong re-
ligious beliefs and feelings and is affiliated with
the Universalist church in Portland.

Richard Winslow Hersey was united in mar-
riage at Boston, Massachusetts, with Elizabeth
Lord, like himself a native of Portland, born Oc-
tober 20, 1880. One child has been born of this
union, John Philip.

Although the influence of Mr. Hersey upon
the community, due to the part he plays in the
business world, is a great one, it is not by any
means the sum-total of that which he exercises,
or perhaps even the major portion of it. This
is rather the result of his character as a man, a
character which, coupled with a strong person-
ality such as that possessed by Mr. Hersey,
could not fail to have its effect upon all those
with whom he comes in contact. At the base of
his character, as it must be at the base of all
worthy characters, are the fundamental virtues of
courage and honesty, and to these he adds not
only other virtues, but the graces of personality
and manner, which make him at once the charm-
ing companion and the most faithful friend.

DANIEL W. OILMAN— Although a capable
and prosperous farmer, owning one hundred and
sixty-three acres of fine land at Easton, Maine,
Mr. Oilman is largely interested in fire insurance,
and is president of the Aroostook County Patrons
Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Houlton,
Aroostook county, Maine, and there pursues the
quiet life of a farmer. The outbreak of war be-
tween the North and the South broke the quiet
of that Kennebec river lumber manufacturing
town, and in 1861 Charles B. Oilman, father of
Daniel W'. Oilman, answered the call of President
Lincoln, and with the First Maine Cavalry went
to the front, where he performed a soldier's duty,
then returned to his home. His wife, Lorean
B. (Bennett) Oilman, was born in Brighton,
Maine.

Daniel W. Oilman was born in the town of
Bingham, Somerset county, Maine, fifty-two
miles north of Augusta, on the Kennebec river,
August 24, 1858. He was educated in the public
schools, and in early life worked in the lumber
mills and on the farm. He finally settled in
Easton, Maine, his present home, where he owns
a farm which he cultivates. He has other im-
portant business interests, being president of the
Aroostook County Patrons Mutual Fire Insur-
ance Company; director of the Northern Maine
Patrons; director and local agent of the Oxford
County Patrons; and has other business connec-
tions. Mr. Oilman has passed all chairs of
Ridgeley Lodge, No. 108, Independent Order of
Odd Fellows; and of the Encampment. He is a
member of Trinity Lodge, No. 130, Free and Ac-
cepted Masons of Presque Isle; the Ancient Or-
der of United Workmen, and of Easton Grange,
No. 159, Patrons of Husbandry; member of the
State Orange Executive Committee, filling many
State and county offices of the Orange, and is
also a member of the National body of the or-
der. He is active and prominent in the Meth-
odist Episcopal church of Easton, and is inter-
ested in all good works.

Mr. Oilman married, in Easton, July 3, 1886,
Bertha Wight, born May 30, 1859, daughter of
Louis and Margaret (Whittaker) Wight. Mr. and
Mrs. Oilman are the parents of four children:
Margaret, born September 24, 1887, died February
2, 1889; Esther J., born February 10, 1891; Avis
M., born April 23, 1892; and Elizabeth B., born
October 23, 1896.

CHARLES SUMNER MORRILL— The Mor-
ill family from which Mr. Morrill was descended
ras one of the oldest in New England, the

HISTORY OF MAINx^L

progenitor, having been Abraham Morrill, who
was, according to the records, in Cambridge as
early as 1632. He came in the famous ship, the
Lion, with his brother, Isaac Morrill, who later
settled at Roxbury, Massachusetts. Abraham
Morrill was one of those versatile pioneer spirits
who were able to turn their hand to almost any-
thing. He was a proprietor at Cambridge, where
he plied the trade of blacksmith. He was also
a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artil-
lery Company of Boston in 1638, and was besides
a planter, a millwright and an iron founder. He
was among the original proprietors of Salisbury,
Massachusetts, where he received land in the
first division. The descendants of this man are
spread all over New England, where they have
always held a high reputation for sterling char-
acteristics, and have been men of force and enter-
prise. While there are many Morrills in New
England there are members of the family found
in the most remote parts of the country.

Charles S. Morrill fulfilled in his life the tra-
ditions of his honorable ancestry. He was born
in Portland, in 1840, the son of Charles and Char-
lotte (Vose) Morrill. The public schools sup-
plied the beginning of his education, which he
supplemented throughout his life with reading
and observation. He was self-made in the usual
sense of the term, but his large and trained mind
was much better equipped than that of the self-
made man who has given his attention exclusively
to business success. He was also self-trained
and self-cultivated. He left school at the age
of fifteen and obtained a position in the employ
of the firm of Rumery & Burnham, who were
pioneers in the packing of corn and other vege-
tables in hermetically sealed cans. Mr. Morrill
early saw the great future of this industry, and
in working zealously for his employers he
realized that he was also gaining experience
which would be of the greatest value to himself.
In 1867 the original firm was dissolved and in
the reorganization which followed, Mr. Morrill
and associates in the former establishment
formed a partnership under the style of Burn-
ham & Morrill and continued the business. The
young men associated together in the new enter-
prise had sound judgment, energy and much ex-
perience of the practical details of the work, and
the venture was a success from the start. Its
rapid growth called for a reorganization, and in
April, 1892, it was incorporated under the name
of the Burnham & Morrill Company. Although
small in the beginning it has grown to be an
industry giving employment to hundreds of

Maine people, and sending its products to the
remotest parts of the country. The brand known
as Maine Corn is a standard wherever such
goods are sold. From the outset the high stand-
ard of the product has been scrupulously main-
tained, and the most sanitary and modern meth-
ods and apparatus are used. He was a member
of Portland Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons,
and was also a member of the Cumberland Club.
Mr. Morrill married Calista Dobbins, daughter
of William and Mary Miriam (Beales) Dobbins
of Jonesport. They had three children: i.
Clara V., married William C. Allen, and they have
one son, Morrill Allen. 2. George B., who suc-
ceeded his father in the Burnham & Morrill
Company, married Margaret Elwell, and they
have three children: Catharine C, Charles S.
and George B. (2); all reside in Portland. 3.
Helen H., married William Leonard.

WINFIELD SCOTT HILL, M.D., physician
and surgeon, has carried on the traditions of the
Hill family for substantial worth and faithful
service to his fellow men. His energy and am-
bition combined with his patriotism when a
young man, took him into the service of the
United States, where he did faithful and valuable
work. His later career has been full of note-
worthy success, and the honor and reputation he
has gained has been fully earned. He is a son
who has done honor to his State and this has
received recognition in more than one quarter.

(I) The Hill family is one of the oldest in the
State, the first settler of the name being Peter
Hill, who came from Plymouth, England, in the
Huntress with John Winter, and landed in this
country late in March, 1632-33. The first landing
was made at Richmond Island, but he settled with
his son Roger, at Biddeford, near the mouth of
what is now Little River. This was probably a
few years previous to 1648. Described as a
"planter and sailor" he was admitted as a freeman
in 1653 at Saco, and was a member of the as-
sembly of Lygonia, in 1648, and died in 1667.
Peter Hill was among those notified to take the
oath of allegiance in 1652, when the outlying
regions of New Hampshire sought admission into
Massachusetts.

(II) Roger Hill, the only son of Peter Hill,
was born in 1635 and died in Wells in 1696. He
was admitted as a freeman in 1653, at the same
time as his father, and served as constable in
1661. He married in November, 1658, Mary,
daughter of John Crosse, Sr., of Wells. She died
June 24, 1696. Their children were: Sarah, Han-

iK^CTO-ffzu. /m^h

BIOGRAPHICAL

nah, John, Samuel, Joseph, of whom further;
Mercy, Benjamin, and Ebenezer.

(III) Joseph, the fifth child of Roger and Mary
(Crosse) Hill, was born at Saco, Maine, in 1670,
and resided in Wells, where he died July 12, 1743.
In the "History of Wells and Kennebunk" he is
thus described: "He was a prominent man
among the inhabitants, though he does not ap-
pear to have been much in public office. He
served as justice of the peace for many years.
He was a gentleman of the old school, and his
intercourse was marked with that courteous and
gentlemanly demeanor which the best civilization
of the day inculcated. He had a good property
and indulged in a style of life above that of the
people of that period, and was anxious that the
dignity of the name should be maintained through
all coming time. He therefore made such an en-
tail of his estate that from generation to genera-
tion it should 'bear up' the name of Hill. H.'
was commissioned as a magistrate; he was rep-
resentative in 1727; and collector of the excise
in 1734. Various municipal offices were com-
mitted to him, and in the disposition of the
pews in the meeting-house, the best appears to
have been conceded to him as a matter of pro-
priety. He had three slaves, Sharper, Plato,
and 'the negro boy Tom.' In his will he gave
the first and last to his wife, Plato to his son
Nathaniel, and to the church and minister each
ten pounds." His wife and the mother of his
children was Hannah Littlefield, and their chil-
dren were: Joseph, Benjamin, Nathaniel, of fur-
ther mention; Hannah, and Peniniah. His first
wife died October 10, 1738, and he married (sec-
ond) April 10, 1739, Sarah, daughter of Daniel
Sayer. Joseph Hill served as lieutenant under
his brother, Captain John Hill at Saco Fort.

(IV) Nathaniel Hill, third son of Joseph and
Hannah (Littlefield) Hill, was born in Wells,
November 13, 1701, and he and his brothers re-
ceived large estates by bequest from their father,
among them being the negro slaves already men-
tioned. Nathaniel Hill was esteemed a promi-
nent man and one of large property, as according
to the records for one year he is shown to have
raised one hundred and fifty bushels of corn and
kept nine cows and six oxen. He married, De-
cember II, 1729, Priscilla Littlefield. Their chil-
dren were: Joseph, who died young; Joseph,
Hannah, Benjamin, who died young; Nathaniel,
Benjamin, and Jonathan, of further mention.

(V) Jonathan, youngest son of Nathaniel and
Priscilla (Littlefield) Hill, was born in Wells,
June 22, 1746, and died March 11, 1817, at

the age of scvcnty-onc years. He was a man of
substance, high worth, and great repute in the
community. In 1S08 he was one of a commit-
tee of three deputed "to make a survey of the
outlines of the proprietors' lands which remain
undivided, and return a plan of the same."
Jonathan Hill married, in 1766, Huldah, daughter
of Samuel Littlefield. Their children were:
Priscilla, Nathaniel, of further mention; Jona-
than, Abraham, who was lost at sea; Japhet,
Jacob, Samuel and Huldah.

(VI) Nathaniel (2), eldest son of Nathaniel
(i) and Huldah (Littlefield) Hill, was born in
Wells, March 19, 1769, and died in Greene, De-
cember 28, 1847, at the age of seventy-eight.
When he was thirty-eight years old he removed
his family to Greene and settled there buying
a farm, and carrying on in addition a shoe-mak-
ing business. He was thrifty and became very
prosperous and increased his original holdings
of one hundred and twenty-five by purchase to
one hundred and sixty acres. He belonged to
the Whig school of political opinion, and held
the offices of constable and tax collector. He
married, February 7, 1793, Mary, daughter of
Benjamin and Dorcas (Black) Littlefield. Their
children were: Priscilla, Jane, Dorcas, Huldah,
Jonas, and Tristram, of further mention.

(VII) Tristram, youngest of the children of
Nathaniel (2) and Mary (Littlefield) Hill, was
born in Wells, June 26, 1806, and died in Greene,
December 2, 1877. His education was obtained
in the public schools of Greene, but he early
showed evidences of an unusual mind and of
scholarly instincts, and these found play in his
teaching for about fifteen years from the time
he was twenty in the towns of Greene, Webster,
and Harpswell. He became the owner of the
Hill property, which is still in the possession of
a member of the family. Always interested in
the cause of public education he served the town
faithfully for years, as a member of the school
committee. He was also a selectman, justice of
the peace, and represented the town in the Legis-
lature. A progressive and thoughtful man, his
interest in farming was thoroughly modern and
scientific, and he was one of the founders of the
Androscoggin Agricultural Society, serving also
as an officer.

Tristram Hill married. May 28, 1837, Christina
Brewster Sprague, born August 29, 1817, died
October 7, 1887, daughter of William and Martha
(Brewster) Sprague, of Greene, and of Leeds.
Their children were: i. Winfield Scott, a bio-
graphical sketch of whom appears below. 2.

HISTORY OF MAINE

Byron Gordon, born October 26, 1840; married
June 20, 1865, Octavia Hannah Lowell, by whom
he had six children. 3. Cedora Jane, born Feb-
ruary 8, 1845; married November 16, 1872, Ar-
thur Given Moulton, and has one child, Edith
Sprague; married, September 14, 1901, Charles A.
Knight. 4. Clara Acte, born October 9, 1848;
married, December 27, 1868, Wilbur F. Mower,
and died childless. 5. Mary Christina, born Au-
gust 20, 1853; married, September 2, 1873, John
W. Moulton, and has one child, Clara Ella. 6.
Frederic Tristram, born July 15, 1861; married
November 15, 1882, Stella Adelaide Washburn,
of Greene. They have two children; Ada Louise
and Royden Mellen.

(VIII) Winfield Scott Hill, M.D., eldest child
of Tristram and Christina B. (Sprague) Hill, was
born in Greene, January 19, 1839. He went as a
young boy to the town school and later was
sent to the Lewiston Academy, and the Maine
State Seminary in Lewiston, where he was pre-
pared for college. In 1863 he entered Tufts Col-
lege, but the following year he volunteered for
service in the army hospital in Augusta and
worked there for several months gaining valu-
able experience, and feeling the stimulus of doing
patriotic work for his country. He then en-
listed in the United States navy and for a time
served as a surgeon's steward up and down the
Atlantic coast. He had before this begun the
stud}' of medicine under Dr. Milan Graves, of
Sabattus, Maine. At the close of the Civil War
he received his discharge, and began on the for-
mal study of his profession at Bellevue Hospital
Medical College, New York City, graduating
from this March I, 1867, and receiving at that
time his degree of Doctor of Medicine.

In April, 1867, he opened his office in Augusta,
and there he has continued for over fifty years,
practising with success and gaining a wide repu-
tation as a physician and surgeon. In 1874,
Prof. Esmarch, an eminent foreign surgeon, made
known to the medical profession his remarkable
procedure in making what he called a bloodless
operation. Following a description of this
method, Dr. Hill, in the latter part of the same
year, in association with Dr. George W. Martin,
performed the first bloodless amputation in this
part of the State, removing a leg from William
B. Small, of Augusta. The patient made a rapid
recovery, and the operation was widely talked
of in medical and other circles. In the memorial
erected by Tufts College in commemoration of
those students who had taken a part in the war,
a place was given to the name of Dr. Hill.

He is a member of the National Association
of United States Examining Surgeons, and is
also a United States pension examiner, and a
medical examiner of the New York Life, the
Equitable Life, and the Etna Life Insurance
companies. He is a member of the Maine
Homoeopathic Medical Society, and the Ameri-
can Institute of Homoeopathy. In 1888, Dr.
Hill became a member of the oldest fraternal or-
ganization of this country and is now a member
of Bethlehem Lodge, No. 35, Free and Accepted
Masons; Cushnoc Royal Arch Chapter, No. 43,
Alpha Council, No. 3, and Trinity Commandery,
No. 7, Knights Templar. He is also a member
of the Abenaki Club.

Dr. Hill married, August 30, 1868, in Gardiner,
Catherine Ward, born in Gardiner, Octbber 9,
1843, daughter of Eliakim and Caroline (Nelson)
Norton. She died August 2, 1877. He married
(second) at Augusta, October 16, 1889, Lydia
Estelle, daughter of Benjamin and Lydia (Treat)
Park, of Searsport. She died September 4, 191 1.

ELMER GRANT BUYSON, one of the most
conspicuous figures in the lumbering industry,
and a prosperous farmer of Houlton, Maine, is a
native of the town of Haynesville, Aroostook
county, in this State, where he was born, April
15, 1865. Mr. Buyson is a son of James F. and
May Ellen (Whittier) Buyson, old and highly-
respected residents of this region, where his
father was engaged in farming for many years.
The elder Mr. Buyson was a prominent man in
this region, and enjoyed the highest esteem and
regard of his fellow-citizens.

The early life of Elmer Grant Buyson was
passed in his native place, where he attended the
local public schools, including the high school
there, and displayed marked talent as a student
and the same industrious character that has
marked his subsequent career. Upon completing
his studies at Haynesville, Mr. Buyson took up
farming and lumbering as an occupation, and has
continued in this line uninterruptedly up to the
present time. He is now the owner of two
fine farms near Houlton, and about twenty-five
miles from his native town of Haynesville. Mr.
Buyson also became interested early in life in
the great lumber industry of the northern part
of the State, and has engaged extensively in this
line of business. He is now the owner of a
sawmill at Houlton, where he cuts and shapes
the rough timbers of the forest into various mar-
ketable sizes. But Mr. Buyson is perhaps bet-
ter known in connection with his service as a

^4S.

:mjzii^

BIOGRAPHICAL

public officer than as a business man, and has
taken a very active part in pubHc affairs for many
years. He is a staunch Republican in politics.
and has been elected to a number of public of-
ces on the ticket of his party. For six years
he served as selectman of the town of Haynes-
ville, and was elected sheriff of Aroostook county
January I, 1912. He served in that office con-
tinuously for six years and is the only man who
was ever elected to three consecutive terms as
sheriff' in this county. Mr. Buyson is a well-
known figure in fraternal circles herabouts, and
is a member of the local lodges of the Benev-
olent and Protective Order of Elks, Order of
Foresters, and the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows. He is also a member of the Grange,
and has been active in the affairs of these sev-
eral organizations. In his religious belief Mr.
Buyson is a Baptist, and attends the church of
that denomination at Houlton.

Elmer Grant Buyson was united in marriage,
August 20, 1881, at Woodstock, New Bruns-
wick, with Exie Faulkner ,a native of the western
part of Aroostook county, and a daughter of
Patrick and Eunice Faulkner, old and highly-re-
spected residents of that region. One child has
been born of this union, namely: Cana Winnona.

LEANDER E. TUTTLE, a prominent real
estate and insurance agent at Caribou, is a mem-
ber of a very distinguished New England family,
and a son of John H. and Ruth (Libby) Tuttle,
old and highly-respected residents of Pownal,
Cumberland county, Maine, where the former was
engaged in business as a ship carpenter, and also
carried on extensive farm operations.

Leander E. Tuttle was born at his father's
home at Pownal, November 11, 1854, and as a lad
attended the common schools of his native place.
Upon completing his studies he engaged in op-
erating his father's farm in connection with a
marketing business, the operation of which he
continued until the year 1878. He then disposed
of all of his interests at Pownal, and moved to
Washburn, Aroostook county, Maine, where he
purchased a tract of wild land, and started in at
the arduous task of clearing a farm. After thirty-
five years of hard labor he found himself in pos-
session of one of the most desirable and profit-
able farms in the town. During this time he not
only carried on extensive farm operations but he
became interested in several business enterprises
in his own and the adjoining town of Caribou. In
1913 he sold his farm and moved into the thriving
village of Caribou, where he opened a real estate

and insurance office. He also became interested
in the Tuttle & Thomas Company, dealers in
potatoes.

In politics Mr. Tuttle is a Republican, being a
staunch supporter of the principles of the party,
and has been elected to a number of important
offices on its ticket. He was selectman of
Washburn township in the year 1900, and in 1914
was elected to represent his town in the State
Legislature for the two year term of 191 5-16, and
v/as re-elected for the term of 1918-19. He was
then elected to the Maine Senate, and is still a
member of that body at the present time. Mr.
Tuttle's record as a capable and interested legis-
lator is an enviable one, and he has earned a
reputation for propriety, sagacity and efficiency
second to none in this community. Mr. Tuttle is
also very prominent in social and fraternal cir-
cles, and is an active member of a number of
important organizations here. He is affiliated
with the Aroostook Valley Lodge, No. 88, Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Tuttle is
also active in the local Grange, and held the mas-
ter's chair therein for seven years. He has also
been master for two years of Pomona Grange,
treasurer of the coimty Grange, a position which
he holds at the present time. He held office in
the Maine State Grange for twelve years, serving
on the executive board for eight years. He was
also very active in many of the Grange co-oper-
ative business enterprises, for which the county
is noted, and was for several years on the execu-
tive board of the State Grange, besides holding
the position of gate keeper of the same for eight
years. Mr. Tuttle is a Universalist in his relig-
ious belief, and is very prominent in the church
of that denomination at Caribou.

Leander E. Tuttle was united in marriage, No-
vember II, 187s, at North Pownal, Maine, with
Margaret J. Tuttle, a native of that place, and a
daughter of Joseph and Dorcas W. (Davis) Tut-
tle. To Mr. and Mrs. Tuttle the following chil-
dren have been born: Edna Estella, born July 29,
1876; Elsie Ruth, born March 3, 1878; Elnora
Dorcas, born December 13, 1879; Emery Howell,
born December 10, 1881; Evie Blanche, born Sep-
tember 18, 1883; Annie Eula, born January 31,
1888; Sadie Frances, born March 22, 1890; and
Ruby Margaret, born August 16, 1895.

CHARLES HUNTINGTON WHITMAN,
A.B., Ph.D.— Upon receiving his Ph.D., Yale Uni-
versity, 1900, Professor Whitman became an in-
structor at Lehigh University, and has since that
year been continuously engaged as an educator.

HISTORY OF MAINE

filling the chair of English Language and Litera-
ture at Rutgers College, and since 1918 has also
been professor of English at the Women's Col-
lege of New Jersey. He is an author of note
and a valued contributor to the literature of his
profession. Professor Whitman is a son of
Nathan Whitman, a merchant of Bangor, Maine,
a grandson of Gilbert Whitman, a farmer of
Waterville, Maine, and a gre&t-grandson of
Nathan Whitman, of East Bridgewater, Massa-
chusetts, and a descendant in direct line from
John Whitman, the founder of the Whitman fam-
ily in New England.

John Whitman came from England to this
country prior to December, 1638, for, according
to Governor Winthrop's Journal, he was on that date
admitted to the rights and privileges of a citizen
of Weymouth, Massachusetts. In 1645 he was
appointed an ensign of the Weymouth Military
Company, and he served the Weymouth church
as a deacon from its establishment until his death.
It is believed that his wife was Ruth Reed, daughter
of William Reed. Deacon John Whitman had nine
children, five of them sons, and through these
sons descend nearly all of the name in this coun-
try. John Whitman was one of the worthy and
exemplary planters of the Massachusetts Colony,
and his upright life seems to have left its im-
press upon the lives of his children and chil-
dren's children, even to the present. All of his
cliiidren survived him, and six of them lived to
be over eighty. He was truly blessed with ma-
terial prosperity, children, and length of days.
He fulfilled every obligation, civil, religious, or
moral, and left to posterity an example worthy
of emulation.

On maternal lines Professor Whitman de-
scends from Thomas Penney, who came from
England to Cape Ann, Massachusetts, in 1652.
Professor Whitman's great-grandmother, Sally
Penney, married, in 1809, at New Gloucester,
Maine, Isaac B. WharfT, of Litchfield, Maine. In
1813 they removed with their three children to
the town of Guilford, making the journey on foot
and horseback over the "spotted" trail. They
made a clearing in the forest, erected a log cabin,
and there reared a family of twelve, all of whom
grew to years of maturity. The mother did the
cooking for the family over an open fire, carded
and spun wool from which she wove the cloth
that later she made into clothing for them to
wear, and then, at the age of seventy-seven, she
passed to her reward. Her husband died aged
eighty-eight.

Nathan Whitman, great-grandfather of Pro-

fessor Whitman, was born in East Bridgewater,.
Massachusetts, in 1766, died in 1829. He married
Mercy Byram, born in 1770, died in 1829, ir. East
Bridgewater, and they were the parents of seven
children, all of whom grew to mature years,
including a son, Gilbert Whitman, born in East
Bridgewater, October 10, 1788, died at Water-
ville, Maine, December 5, 1868. He was a
farmer of Waterville, a Republican in politics,
and a Baptist in religious faith. During the
Civil War he was captain of the Waterville
Light Infantry. He married, in December, 1813,
Syrenia Fobes, born in 1788, died December 11,
1863, daughter of Ezra Fobes, of East Bridge-
water. They were the parents of seven children:
Syrenia Fobes, Eliza Jane, Gilbert, Celia Fobes,
Ezra Fobes, Edson Fobes, and Nathan Whit-
man. This review traces the career of the last
named child, Nathan Whitman, father of Pro-
fessor Whitman.

Natl-.an Whitman was born in Waterville,
Alaine, April 29, 1829, died at Bangor, Maine.
February 17, 1917. He was for years a farmer
of Waterville and Sangerville, Maine, but later
became a merchant, conducting business success-
fully in Sangerville, Abbott, and Bangor, Maine.
He was a member of the Baptist church, and in
politics a Republican. Nathan Whitman mar-
ried Helen Augusta Thoms, born in Augusta,
Maine, December 17, 1840, died in Bangor, Maine,
May 4, 1916, daughter of Benjamin N. and Lydia
Penney (Wharff) Thoms. Benjamin N. Thoms,
son of Benjamin Thoms, v/as born in Falmouth,
Maine, January 5, 1816, died in Bangor, Maine,
February 16, 1895. He learned the trade of car-
riage smith in Portland, and afterwards con-
ducted a carriage manufacturing business, first
in Augusta, then in Bangor, Maine. He was ac-
tive in politics, and a member of the city gov-
ernment for several terms. Lydia Penney
(Wharff) Thoms, his wife, was born in Litch-
field, Maine, February 26, 1813, died in Bangor,
in 1899, daughter of Isaac B. and Sally (Penney)
Wharf?, the pioneer settlers of Guilford, pre-
viously referred to. Nathan and Helen Augusta
(Thoms) Whitman were the parents of three
sons: William Norris, born December 15, 1862;
Henry Fobes, born April 14, 1864; and Charles
Huntington, of further mention.

Charles Huntington Whitman, youngest son, of
Nathan and Helen Augusta (Thoms) Whitman,
was born in Abbott, Maine, November 24, 1873.
He completed the public school education with
graduation from Bangor high school, class of
1892, then entered Colby College, whence he

BIOGRAPHICAL

was graduated Bachelor of Arts, 1897. He was
a fellow in English, Yale University, 189S-1900,
and received his degree, Doctor of Philosophy,
from that institution in 1900. During 1905-06
he was a student at the University of Munich.
From 1900 until 1906 he was instructor in Eng-
lish at Lehigh University, and assistant professor
1904-06. He then transferred to Rutgers Col-
lege (New Jersey), as associate professor of Eng-
lish, 1906-11; professor and head of the depart-
ment of English from 191 1 until the present.
Since 1918 he has also filled the chair of English
at the Women's College of New Jersey. He is a
member of the Modern Language Association of
America; American Association of University
Professors; The Concordance Society; Connecti-
cut Academy of Arts and Sciences; Phi Beta
Kappa, vice-president Colby College chapter;
Delta Kappa Epsilon; also a member of Delta
Kappa Epsilon Club of New York City; and
vice-president of the Association of Teachers of
English of New Jersey. He is known to the
literary world as author of "A Subject-Inde.x to
the Poems of Edmund Spenser" (1919); of "The
Bir<^ Names of Old English Literature" (1899);
translator of "The Christ of Cynewulf" (1900),
and as a contributor to the Journal of English mid
Germanic Philology, Anglia, and Modern Language
Notes. His club is the Alumni and Faculty of
Rutgers College; his religious affiliations are with
the Baptist church.

Professor Whitman married, in Portland,
Maine, May 29, 1902, Rachel Jones Foster, born
July 14, 1877, daughter of Doctor Charles Wil-
but and Esther Bennett (Parker) Foster, her
father a physician of Portland, and a member of
the city school committee. Children: Hilda
Trull, born August 31, 1908; Alan Foster, born
December 31, 1909; Dunbar, born July 6, 1912;
and Esther Huntington, born August 19, 1917.

ROBERT JOSEPH CURRAN is a member of
a family which is of Irish origin and has made
its home in this country for three generations.
His paternal grandfather was Patrick Curran
who, with his brother, Thomas Curran, served
both in the Mexican and Civil wars. He mar-
ried Ann Burns, and they were the parents of a
large family of children, three of their sons serv-
ing with the father in the Civil War.

John J. Curran, father of Robert Joseph Cur-
ran, was born at Portland, Maine, is now living
in Lewiston, Maine, more than seventy years of
age. He served in the Seventh Regiment, United
States Infantry, in which he enlisted when under

fifteen years of age, and he served in the field
throughout the Civil War. He belongs to the local
post of the Grand Army of the Republic. He was
engaged in business as a general contractor for
a time in Portland and afterwards in Lewiston.
Air. Curran married Margaret A. Connors, a native
of St. Johns, New Brunswick, who removed to
Bangor, Maine, as a child, and later to Lewiston,
where she met Mr. Curran. She was a daughter
of Michael Connors, a native of Ireland, and of
Margaret (Welch) Connors, his wife, both of
whom resided in Lewiston for many years. John
J. Curran and his wife were the parents of four
children, all of whom are living at the present
time (1917), as follows: Annie, unmarried, who
enjoys an enviable reputation as a singer; Mar-
garet E., widow of Frank J. Lange, and resides
in Lewiston; Edith G., who became the wife of
John P. Breen, of Lewiston, one child, Mary
Edith Breen; and Robert Joseph, with whose
career we are particularly concerned.

Born May 22, 1879, at Lewiston, Maine, Robert
Joseph Curran passed his childhood and early
youth in his native city. He attended the local
public schools for the elementary portion of his
education, and was prepared for college at the
Lewiston High School, from which he graduated
in 1897. He then entered Georgetown Univer-
sity, and took the course in lav/ at the well known
law school of that institution. He graduated with
the class of 191 1, taking the degree of LL.B. He
supplemented his course in law at this place by
studying the same subject for some three >x-ars in
the ofifice of McGillicuddy & Morey, eminent at-
torneys of Lewiston, and finally, in the month of
September, 191 1, was admitted to the bar of An-
droscoggin county. He at once opened an of-
fice at No. 171 Lisbon street, Lewiston, Maine,
and has since remained at that place, practicing
his profession by himself. Mr. Curan has made
success of his chosen profession, and is regarded
as one of the leading young attorneys. In the
year 1912 he was appointed a recorder for four
years of the Lewiston Municipal Court, and on
March I, 1916, was appointed judge of the Muni-
cipal Court for the period of four years, and
is at present occupying this responsible position.
For a time Judge Curran was employed as a civi-
lian clerk by the Federal Government in the De-
partment of Commerce and Labor at Washington,
D. C, and for three years worked for the War
Department in Portland as chief clerk to the con-
structing quartermaster. Mr. Curran, while at-
tending the law school of Georgetown Univer-
sity, formed many associations which he has ever

HISTORY OF MAIXE

since kept up, and one of the mediums through
which he has been able to accomplish this has
been his membership in the Georgetown Uni-
versity Club of New England, with headquarters
at Boston. He is also a member of the local
lodge of the Knights of Columbus. In his relig-
ious belief Mr. Curran is a staunch Catholic, as
his ancestors on both sides of the house have
been for many years, and he attends with the
members of his family St. Joseph's Catholic
Church in Lewiston.

Mr. Curran's career is one of great usefulness
to his community and one, there seems every
reason to believe, that will be extended indefinitely.
A man of vigorous personality and energetic ways,
he seems fit to carry on for many a year the
activities by which his city as well as himself are
benefitted.

ALFRED L. NOYES, one of the principal mill-
owners, lumberman and farmers of Limestone,
Maine, where he was born, September ii, 1877, is
a member of an old and distinguished family in
this State, and a son of Josiah M. and Sybil B.
(Davis) Noyes, old and highly-respected resi-
dents of Limestone, where his father was engaged
in business as a farmer and mill-owner for many
years before his death. The childhood of Alfred
L. Noyes was passed in his native town, and he
attended there the local common schools, where
he distinguished himself as a bright and indus-
trious pupil. Upon completing his studies at
these institutions, Mr. Noyes took up farming as
an occupation, and has continued in that line up
to the present time. He also engaged in the lum-
ber business and became the owner of a saw mill
in this vicinity. Besides carrying on an extensive
business in this line Mr. Noyes has also become
interested in various other industrial enterprises
hereabouts, and is now the owner of a large grist
mill and starch factory at Limestone. He has
also been exceedingly interested in financial oper-
ations here and is at the present time a director
in the Limestone Trust Company. Mr. Noyes is
one of the leaders of the Republican party in this
region, but, although he has held the oflfice of
selectman for a single term in this township, he
is nevertheless, quite unambitious for political
preferment of any kind, preferring to exert such
influence as he is capable of in his capacity as
private citizen. He is a well known figure in
fraternal circles, however, and is a member of
Limestone Lodge, No. 214, Ancient Free and Ac-
cepted Masons, and holds the office of treasurer
in the same. Although not a formal member of
any church, Mr. Noyes attends the Methodist

Episcopal church at Limestone, and is a liberal
supporter of the work of the church society, es-
pecially in connection with its various benevolent
and philanthropic undertakings.

Alfred L. Noyes was united in marriage, July
20, 1898, with Ethel M. Long, a daughter of War-
ren A. and Nellie C. (Chase) Long, and they are
the parents of the following children: Warren M.,
born March 12, 1900; Linwood E., born March
25, 1902; Josiah M., born December 12, 1905; Dora
E., born May 30, 1909; Philip D., born October
2, 191 1 ; Gerald G., born March 31, 1913.

GEORGE EGERTON RYERSON BURPEE,

a graduate of the University of New Brunswick,
an engineer of recognized standing, and one of
the most successful and largest operators in lum-
bering enterprises in Northern Maine, was a na-
tive of Canada, having been born at Sheffield,
New Brunswick, in that country, in November,
1834. His death, which occurred on Thanksgiv-
ing Day, November 25, 1904, at St. Margaret's
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, was felt as a se-
vere loss by the city of Bangor, of which he was
one of the most prominent and influential citizens.
Mr. Burpee, in the services which he rendered in
connection with the upbuilding and development
of this region, gave a fair exchange for the title
of "American citizen," which he assumed upon
coming to live in this region, and which he was
always proud to bear, although his heart con-
tinued warm and true to his native Canadian prov-
ince. He won much fame as an engineer and
builder of railroads, and as one of those men who
developed the lumber interests of Maine to its
present great importance. Mr. Burpee was also
an Egyptologist of note, but for none of these
things will he be remembered so long and with
such affection as for his Christian philanthropy.
He was a man of deep and true Christian charac-
ter, and was always helpful to those about him,
contributing constantly through many channels to
the relief of suffering and distress. Large
of body and mind, his heart was in pro-
portion, and he was readily touched by human
misfortune of any kind. A member of the Cen-
tral Congregational Church from the time of his
C' niing to Bangor, it was largely through his devo-
tion that the beautiful church edifice whicli stood on
French street, and has since been burned, became
a reality, he being the largest contributor towards
its erection. Force of character, allied with bril-
liant talents, brought him an eminence in his pro-
fession in the East, and success in the business
world he entered.

George Ejcrton Ryerson Burpee was a son of

Q//-j^c/ ^ J^^

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I (figert0u H^ersait ^urpv^c

CZ/^^^<s^^:>^^»c.i^

BIOGRAPHICAL

Isaac and Phoebe (Coburn) Burpee, the former a
native of Massachusetts. Isaac Burpee was taken
very early in life to New Brunswick, Canada, by
his parents, where he married, and where his six
children were born. He passed the remainder of
his life in New Brunswick, and both his death and
that of his v/ife occurred in that country. George
Egerton Ryerson Burpee, or as he was always
called, Egerton R. Burpee, was given all the ad-
vantages of an education in good intermediate
and preparatory schools, and later entered the
University of New Brunswick, at Frederickston.
He had already determined upon an engineering
course, and after pursuing this line of study was
graduated as a civil engineer. He at once plunged
into active professional work and in a few years
had attained a high reputation as an engineer and
builder of railroads in the Dominion of Canada.
His first important work was the construction of
a railroad from St. Andrews to Quebec Junction,
near Houlton, Maine, the planning and super-
intendence of its construction being his own work.
His next notable achievement was the construc-
tion of the present line of railroad between St.
Johns, New Brunswick, and Bangor, Maine. As
already stated, he was a large operator in lumber
interests in the northern part of the State, anr?
finally made his home at Bangor, where his death
occurred. Mr. Burpee was a member of the Cen-
tral Congregational Church of Bangor, which is
now known as All Soul's Church, and was deeply
interested in its welfare. During his entire life
he was by nature a student, and became deeply
interested in Egyptian history and the learning
of the ancients. He and Mrs. Burpee visited
Egypt on several occasions, and on one of these
spent several months there, but during this time
Mr. Burpee was unfortunately very ill and unable
to do much in the way of exploration.

George Egerton Ryerson Burpee was united
in marriage, in January, 1870, shortly after locat-
ing at Bangor, with Louise Godfrey Thissell,
daughter of James and Louise (Godfrey) Thissell,
a descendant on both sides of the house from old
and distinguished Maine families. Mr. and Mrs.
Burpee were the parents of one daughter, Louise,
who became the wife of Professor William Otis
Sawtelle. Professor and Mrs. Sawtelle are the
parents of five children, as follows: Egerton, Lou-
ise, Eleanor, Janet and Margery.

ALLEN QUIMBY— The year following gradu-
ation from Bowdoin College, Allen Quimby be-
gan teaching in Augusta, Maine, and during the

four years he spent as an educator he also pur-
sued a regular course of law study. Although he
was duly admitted to the Maine bar he did not
practice, but since 1901 has been engaged in the
manufacture of birch veneer, at Stockholm, a
plantation of Aroostook county, Maine. Allen
Quimby is a son of Joseph H. and Nancy Jane
(Fogg) Quimby, his father a successful contrac-
tor and builder of North Sandvvirh, New Hamp-
shire, a member of the State Legislature, and for
several years first assessor of the town.

Allen Quimby was born in North Sandwich,
Carroll county. New Hampshire, April 12, 1873.
He was graduated from Phillips Andover Acad-
emy, class of 1892, and from Bowdoin College,
A.B., class of 1895. In the fall of 1896 he began
teaching in Cony High School, Augusta, Maine,
continuing until 1901. In 1900 he was admitted
to the bar of the State of Maine, having studied
law in the office of Heath & Andrews, attorneys
of Augusta, during the preceding four years.
After admisison to the bar he taught school for
another year, then abandoned professional work
and entered the commercial field as a manufac-
turer of birch veneer, a business which he has
successfully followed from that year until the
present, 1919. He is treasurer of the Standard
Veneer Company and Standard Box Company, of
Stockholm, Maine, also vice-president and direc-
tor. It is around these industries, developed by
Mr. Quimby, and with the Millikens of Augusta,
that the prosperous village of Stockholm, Aroos-
took county, Maine, has grov/n up, and to that
section the coming of these men named has been
a veritable blessing.

.\ Republican in politics, Mr. Quimby has been
for several years first assessor of Stockholm, but
lie is essentially a business man, with little liking
for political office. He is a member of the Eco-
nomic Club of Portland; an attendant of tlie Con-
gregational church; member of the fraternity
Delta Kappa Epsilon; the Benevolent and Protec-
tive Order of Elks; Masons, and the Knights of
Maccabees. While in college he was prominent
in athletics, making the Varsity football team,
upon which he played for three years. He also
ranked high in scholarship, and was an associate
editor of the Bowdoin College paper, The Bugle.

Mr. Quimby married, December 21, 1897, Millie
Launder Smith, daughter of John Tyng and Julia
Katherine (Forsaith) Smith. Mr. and Mrs.
Quimby are the parents of three children: Allen,
Jr., born March 5, 1908; Jeanette Launder, born
Tunc 15, 1912; and Langdon Christie, born June
I, 1913. The family home is in Portland, Maine.

HISTORY OF MAINE

JOHN WASHBURN— The surname Washburn
is derived from the name of two small villages,
Little Washbourne in Overbury, in Southern
Worcestershire, and Great Washbourne in Glou-
cestershire, England. The word itself is from
two Saxon words, meaning swift flowing brook.
The family, however, is of Norman ancestry, and
the founder in England was knighted on the field
of battle at the time of the Conquest, and en-
dowed by William the Conqueror with the lands
and manors of Little and Great Washbourne.
The English lineage is traced to Sir Roger de
Washbourne, of record, as early as 1259.

The American ancestor, John Washburn, a son
of John Washburn, and of the eleventh genera-
tion from Sir Roger de Washbourne, was bap-
tized at Bengev/orth, England, July 2, 1597. He
came to New England in 1632, and settled in
Duxbury, Massachusetts. He and his son John,
in 1645, were among the fifty-four original pro-
prietors of Bridgewater, Massachusetts. He is
the progenitor of all the Washburn families in
New England, and his descendants are scattered
throughout the United States. He died at Bridge-
water, Massachusetts, in 1670.

In the seventh generation from this hardy pio-
neer of the family is Israel Washburn, born in
Raynham, Masachusetts, in November, 1784,
came to Maine in 1806, and taught school, I'ocat-
ing in 1809 at Livermore, in that province. He
was the father of Elihu B. Washburne, who al-
ways clung to the final "e" on his name. Elihu B.
Washburne removed to Galena, Illinois, practiced
law, and was elected continuously to Congress
for sixteen years, and was known by the sobri-
quet as the "Watch Dog of the Treasury." An-
other son, Israel Washburn, was also a congress-
man from Maine and governor of the State. An-
other son, Cadwallader Colden Washburn, was
governor of Wisconsin, a member of Congress
and a major-general in the Civil War.

The western immigration seems to have an at-
traction for members of this noted family, and
in the early pioneer days of Minnesota, William
Drew Washburn came from Livermore, Maine,
to Minneapolis, Minnesota, became interested in
the flour mills, water power and railroad inter-
ests of that locality, represented his district in
Congress for a number of terms, and served in
the United States Senate from 1889 to 1895.

Another member of the family, John Wash-
burn, found his way to Minnesota. He was born
at Hallowell, Maine, August i, 1858. He is the
son of Algernon S. and Anna Sarah (Moore)
Washburn, and was educated at private schools

and Bowdoin College. He removed in 1880 to
Minneapolis, Minnesota, and entered the employ
of the Washburn Mills, and was advanced to the
position of buyer of wheat, finally becoming a
member of the Washburn-Crosby Company, and
is now president of that corporation. In the finan-
cial circles of his adopted residential city he is
prominently identified; he is a director of the
First National Bank; the Security National Bank;
and the Alinneapolis Trust Company; also is a
member of the directorate of the Chicago & Great
Western Railway Company; of the Brown Grain
Company; the Barnum Grain Company; and
president of several milling and elevator corpora-
tions. Mr. Washburn is an ex-president of the
Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce. He is a
Republican in politics, and attends the Univer-
salist church. His social clubs are Minneapolis,
Minikahda, La Fayette, and he is a member of
the college fraternity Psi Upsilon.

Mr. Washburn married, July 28, 1884, Elizabeth
Pope Harding, of Hallowell, Maine.

ROGERS PATTEN KELLEY— Comprehen-
sive study and research, with close application
and deep professional interest in one's work, will
eventually bring success and advancement in any
chosen calling, and along these lines Rogers P.
Kelley has risen to a position of prominence
in connection with the practice of law. For more
than seventeen years he has followed his profes-
sion in Auburn, where a liberal patronage is
accorded him.

Robert R. Kelley, father of Rogers P. Kelley,
was a native of Phippsburg, Maine. He was
reared and educated in his native town, and upon
arriving at a suitable age devoted his attention
to the lumber business, which he followed suc-
cessfully for many years, at first in his native
town and later in Bath-, Maine, in which city he
spent the greater part of his active life, and
where his death occurred, in his seventy-seventh
year. He was highly respected in his community,
and his business carreer was characterized by un-
faltering determination and by marked diligence.
He married Annie Edgecombe, a native of Bath,
Maine, who was born July 5, 1824, and who died
when but thirty-six years of age. She was a direct
descendant of Sir Piers Edgecumbe, of the House
of Mount Edgecumbe (or Edgecombe) of Corn-
wall, England. G. T. Ridlon in his book, "Saco
\'alley Settlements and Families," refers to the
Edgecombe family as "one of the most ancient
and distinguished families in Devonshire, Eng-
land." Mr. and Mrs. Kelley were the parents of

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BIOGRAPHICAL

two children: Charles S., who now resides in
Massachusetts, and Rogers Patten, of this re-
view.

Rogers Patten Kelley was born at Phippsburg,
Maine, January 22, 1858, and was deprived, by
death, of his mother's care when only six months
old. Immediately after the death of his mother,
tlie responsibility of his care and training was
assumed by his aunt, Miss Elizabeth S. Edge-
combe, of North Bath, Maine, where his early as-
sociations were formed and his education begun.
He there entered school at the early age of four
years, and without interruption pursued his stud-
ies, entering the upper grammar school in the city
of Bath, at the age of fourteen years. He was an
apt and diligent pupil, but at the age of fifteen
years, he was compelled by circumstances to dis-
continue his studies and take up the serious busi-
ness of life. He therefore secured a position in a
hardware and ship chandlery store in Bath, where
he was employed for four years and four months.
He was possessed of a great ambition to gain a
more thorough education, and accordingly,' when
the opportunity arose, he resumed his interrupted
studies, matriculating in the Maine Wesleyan
Seminary, now known as Kents Hill Seminary,
and graduated from that institution in 1885.
He then became a salesman, representing leading
houses, handling anatomical and other educa-
tional specialties, for use in high schools and
colleges, in which vocation he met with extra-
ordinary success, and in which he continued until
1891. By this time he had acquired sufficient cap-
ital to enable him to engage in business on his
own account, and he established himself in Ken-
nebec county, Maine, in a mercantile line, and
there conducted for three years a general store,
meeting with well merited success. In 1894 he
sold out this business in order that he might ful-
fill a long cherished ambition to pursue the study
of law. Accordingly, at the age of thirty-seven
having an unusual degree of courage, he com-
menced the study of his chosen profession. In
January, 1895, he entered the law offices of Sav-
age & Oakes, in Auburn, Maine, and there con-
tinued his law studies until his admission to the
Androscoggin bar in 1898. On account of a severe
illness, Mr. Kelley did not begin practice on his
own account until 1900, but thereafter he rapidly
worked his way up to the position which he now
holds among the leading members of his pro-
fession in Auburn. His offices are located at No.
53 Court street. Auburn, and much important liti-
gation is there handled. Mr. Kelley has not con-
fined his attention entirely to his professional

practice, but has taken a leading part in many de-
partments of the community's life. In politics
he is a Republican, and although in no sense of
the word a politician, he nevertheless is looked
upon as a factor in public affairs. In his religious
belief he is a Congregationalist.

Such is the brief review of the career of one
who has achieved not only honorable success and
high standing among men, but whose life record
demonstrates the fact that success depends not
upiju circumstances or environment, but upon
the man; and the prosperous citizen is he who is
able to recognize and improve his opportunities.

EUGENE LESTER TEBBETS — One of

Maine's prominent citizens, manufacturers, and
business men, Eugene Lester Tebbets, was a man
whose energy, vision and sound judgment won
him a place in the front ranks of the State's na-
tive sons. Not only was he a success in the busi-
ness world, but there was a quality to his suc-
cess that does not accompany the rewarded ef-
forts of all men. He cultivated high ideals, and
the standard of integrity he fixed was never
lov/ered in his business intercourse with indi-
viduals. Considerate, courteous, and just, he was
so actuated by that fine sense of integrity that
his employees esteemed, respected, and faith-
fully served him. He was a man of education,
learning, and broad views, ever ready to promote
that which tended to the best interests of his
fellows or his community, and his consideration
and kindliness won him hosts of friends in busi-
ness and social life. His father, John G. Tebbets,
was one of the pioneer manufacturers of Maine,
and at Locke Mills was engaged in the manufac-
ture of wooden spools and wood turnings, build-
ing up a business that was continued by his
son upon the death of the elder Tebbets. His
grandfather, Paul C. Tebbets, was one of the set-
tlers of Lisbon, Maine, and was a leading mer-
chant of that place.

Eugene Lester Tebbets, son of John G. and
Clara A. (Buckman) Tebbets, was born in Lis-
bon, Maine, June 6, 1849, died at his home in Au-
burn, Maine, May 28, 1909. He was educated at
the Edward Little Institute, Auburn, Maine, and
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bos-
ton, of the class of 1809, making a special study
of civil engineering. For about six years after
leaving school he was attached to the engineer-
ing department of the Maine Central Railroad
as a civil engineer, then for six years longer he
was connected with the accounting department
as assistant treasurer of the general offices of the

HISTORY OF MAINE

road at Portland. The close confinement of of-
fice work aflected liis health, and he returned to
his out-of-door profession, civil engineering, and
for six months he was with the engineering corps
of a railroad in California, then, in 1882, returned
home with his health restored.

That same year he formed an association with
his father, John G. Tebbets, and for ten years
father and son engaged in the manufacture o
wooden spools at their plant at Locke Mills, Ox-
ford county, Maine. The death of his father threw
the burden of management upon the son, and un-
til his own death, fourteen years later, Eugene L.
Tebbets continued the business with great suc-
cess. By the introduction of exact business
methods, prudence, and foresight, he developed
and gradually enlarged his manufacturing oper-
ations, until the plant of his company became one
of the best equipped in the State, standing with-
out a superior in modern and efficient appoint-
ments. He gave freely of his time to the pub-
lic service, and held many town offices in Green-
wood, of which Locke Mills is a part. He placed
the financial affairs of his town upon a sub-
stantial basis, and proved in every way the value
of his citizenship.

Mr. Tebbets married, September 4, 1873, Eliza-
beth C. Morton, of Augusta, Maine, who sur-
vives him, residing at Auburn, Maine. In 1897
Mr. Tebbets purchased a residence at No. 17
Prospect street. Auburn, which is still the family
home, and while living there he commuted be-
tween his home and his business. Mr. and Mrs.
Tebbets were the parents of the following chil-
dren, of whom further: Charles B., Lawrence, Eu-
gene L. and Donald H.

Charles B. Tebbets was born at Locke Mills,
Maine, March 19, 1886, and died there, January
4, 1919. He attended the Edward Little High
School, at Auburn, Maine, and was graduated
from the University of Maine with the degree of
C.E. in 1907. After completing his education,
he became associated with his father, and upon
the latter's death he succeeded to the presidency
of the company, remaining at the head of the
business until his death in 1919. His incumbency
of this office was marked by the ability and ster-
ling qualities that distinguished his honored
father, and his sudden death from pneumonia was
a great shock and loss to the community in which
he was so well known. He was a director of the
South Paris Trust Company, affiliated with the
Masonic order, and, from his college days, the
Phi Kappa Sigma fraternity, and was a member
of the High Street Congregational Church, of Au-

burn. He married Elsie Engelmann, of Auburn,
Maine, and they were the parents of Lawrence
M. and Gertrude D.

Lawrence Tebbets was born at Locke Infills,
Maine, April 19, 1887, and died there, February
29, 1908. He was educated in the Auburn schools
and the Highland Military Academy, of Worces-
ter, Massachusetts. He worked for his father in
different departments of the spool mill. At the
time of his sudden death at the Locke Mills sum-
mer home he had charge of the men and accounts
at their Rumford Point saw mill. A capable
young man, a loving son, a sincere friend, his
early death was deeply felt by all who knew him.

Eugene L. Tebbets, Jr., was born at Locke
Alills, March 22, 1892, and was educated in the
public schools of Auburn, and Hebron Academy,
graduating with honors from the latter institu-
tion, and completing his studies with a course
in a Boston business college. He also entered
his father's business when he had finished his
scholastic work, and was so engaged when the
United States entered the European War. He
was one of the first of his town to enlist in the
army, becoming a member of the loist Trench
Alortar Battery, serving with this organization in
its strenuous service on the western front in
France. His battery participated in the fighting
on the Marne and Meuse rivers, and went into ac-
tion along the Chemin des Dames, at Appre-
mont. Chateau Thierry and St. Mihiel. When the
armistice was signed, he was stationed at Ver-
dun, and after receiving his honorable discharge
from the army he resumed his work at Locke
Mills, filling the position of president of the com-
pany. He is a member of the Phi ICappa Sigma
college fraternity, and belongs to the High Street
Congregational Church of Auburn. He married
Marion McFarland, of Auburn.

Donald H. Tebbets was born at Locke Mills,
Maine, July 26, 1896. He attended the Edward
Little High School, of Auburn, and was graduated
from Bowdoin College in the class of 1919 with
the degree of B.S. Since the death of his brother,
Charles, in 1919, he has filled the post of treas-
urer of the company, capably discharging its im-
portant duties. His college fraternity is the
Delta Upsilon.

WILLIAM GLEASON BUNKER— One of the

active men of Augusta, Maine, at the present
time, and one whose activities are having a most
direct effect upon the character and appearance
of this place, is William G. Bunker, architect, man
of affairs and public spirited citizen, who, since

BIOGRAPHICAL

coming to Augusta about five years ago, has made
an enviable reputation for himself in his profes-
sion, and has identified himself most closely with
the community's life. Mr. Bunker is a member
of a good old Maine family, and is the son of
Josiah B., now a retired sea captain, and Ro.xie
(Stevens) Bunker, both natives of the State, the
former having been born at Gouldsboro, and
the latter at Steuben. The younger Mr. "Bunker
is a well known architect, and has been for many
years actively engaged in this profession, many
well known buildings having been designed by
him, including model school buildings for the
State Educational Department, the Elks Home,
Smith School and Lincoln School buildings of
Augusta, the second and third wings of the
Augusta State Hospital, the Central building of
the State School for Girls at Hallowell, and wab
associated with Edward F. Stevens, a specialist in
hospital architecture, in planning the Augusta
General Hospital. Besides, many handsome
buildings elsewhere were designed by him, such
as the high school buildings at Livermore Falls
and Hallowell, Maine, and the grade school
building at Jay.

It was in Hancock county that the birth of
William Gleason Bunker occurred, November
12, 1872, but as a small boy he accompanied his
parents to Millbridge, Washington county, and
it was at the latter place that most of his child-
hood was spent. It was at Millbridge, also, that
he attended school and gained the greater part of
his education, studying one winter at the high
school. Later he took a course at a business col-
lege at Bangor, Maine, with money saved by fol-
lowing the sea. Indeed, at an early age he had
sailed before the mast, his purpose, to earn and
save sufficient funds to pay for his education.
It was this independence of spirit and energy of
character that soon forced a way upward for
the young man when he finally came face to face
with the serious business of life and began to
make his own way in the world.

Upon attaining his majority Mr. Bunker went
to Bar Harbor, Maine, where he followed the
building trades for a time, and then went to Bos-
ton. In the latter city he attended the evening
schools, and there took up the study of designing,
especially architectural designing. From the out-
set he exhibited great aptitude and talent for the
work which his tastes had prompted him to take
up, and it was not long before he became a pro-
ficient draftsman. In the year 1908, he entered
the employ of Fred L. Savage, a well known
architect at Bar Harbor, and worked in that gen-

tleman's of^'ice for a term of years, gaining the
necessary practical experience and otherwise fit-
ting himself to carry on an independent business.
He left in order to accept a position with the
State Highway Commission which, of course,
gave another entirely different kind of experi-
ence, but one of equal value. Eighteen months
he remained with the commission and then, on
May I, 1915, opened an office for himself in Au-
gusta, and for the last five years has been prac-
licising his profession on iiis own account. Dur-
ing this period he has met with a most grati-
fying success, and has won for himself an en-
viable reputation throughout the community.

Mr. Bunker is active in many different depart-
ments of the city's affairs besides that of his
business, and takes a great interest in the gen-
eral life of the place. He has been a prominent
figure in local politics, but is not really identi-
fied with any party, being an independent man
in all things. He was cartoonist for the Demo-
cratic State Committee, however, the first year
of his association with Mr. Savage, which he
claims helped to keep the wolf from the door,
and has always held himself ready to aid in any
cause in which he believed with ardor and en-
thusiasm. He is a member of the Masonic Or-
der of Bar Harbor, and also a charter membei
of the Order of Red Men, also of Bar Harbor
Knights of Pythias, of Millbridge, Maine; the
Royal Arch Masons, the Benevolent and Protec-
tive Order of Elks; the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows, and the Order of Maccabees, all of
Augusta. His club is the Rotary, of Augusta.

On December 19, 1897, at Millbridge, Maine
William Gleason Bunker was united in marriage
with Gertrude Roberts, daughter of Oscar B.
and Belle (Foren) Roberts, both natives and
life-long residents of that place, where Mr. Rob-
erts is now engaged in business as a manufacturer
of sails. Three children have been born to Jvlr.
and Mrs. Bunker, as follows: Theodore R., and
Roxie B., now pupils at the Cony High School,
and Gladys J., now employed as a bookkeeper by
the State Trust Company of Augusta.

LESLIE LEE MASON— Among the success-
ful figures in the industrial and business world of
Maine is that of Leslie Lee Mason, who has come
to be most closely identified with the affairs of
Portland and now (1919) of South Paris, Maine.
He springs from good old Maine stock, and is a
son of Oliver Hale and Olive M. (Lee) Mason,
old and highly honored residents of Bethel,
Maine, where Mr. Mason, Sr., was engaged for

HISTORY OF MAINE

many years in the hardware business, and was
one of the founders of the Bethel Savings Bank,
in which he held the offices of treasurer and
president successively.

Leslie Lee Mason was a native of Bethel, born
there, July 4, 1868. His childhood was spent in
his native town, and he there gained the pre-
liminary portion of his education in attendance at
the local public schools. He later entered Gould's
Academy, and after graduation from this institu-
tion took a commercial course in the Eastman
Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York.
He then entered the industrial world and began
the manufacture of dowels, which he has contin-
ued uninterruptedly for twenty-seven years. In
1904 he engaged in the manufacture of toys at
South Paris, continuing in the same at the pres-
ent time, there having made his residence since
June, 1917. His enterprises have been uniformly
successful and he now occupies a position of
importance and influence in the industrial world
of Portland and South Paris. Besides his pri-
vate business ventures, Mr. Mason is influential in
the financial circles of his locality, and is a di-
rector of the Forest City Trust Company and
the Paris Trust Company of South Paris. He is
a prominent citizen in the general life of the com-
munity, and keenly interested in political issues
of both local and national bearing. The demands
made upon his time and energies, however, by
the business enterprises with which he is con-
nected, are of such a nature that he has been un-
able to participate actively in public affairs, and
he has never held political office of any kind. He
is, however, a staunch supporter of the principles
and policies of the Republican party, and fulfills
adequately all the obligations of citizenship. He
is affiliated with numerous organizations, social
and fraternal, particularly those of the Masonic
order. He is a member of Deering Lodge, Free
and .Accepted Masons; Oxford Chapter, Royal

Arch Masons; Council, Royal and Select

Masters; St. Albans Commandery, Knights
Templar; and Kora Temple, Ancient Arabic Or-
der Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is also a
member of the Portland Club. In his religious
belief Mr. Mason is a Universalist.

Leslie Lee Mason married (first) October 17,
1894, at Bethel, Maine, Maude E. Kimball, of
Bangor, a daughter of John H. and Flora (Derry)
Kimball, old and highly honored residents. Mr.
Kimball still resides in Bangor, but Mrs. Kim-
ball and Mrs. ^lason are now deceased. To Mr.
and Mrs. Mason two children were born, as fol-
lows: Dorothea, born May 6, 1896, and Donald

Kimball, born January 24, 1903. Mr. Mason mar-
ried (second) March 4, 1918, Lucia Colcord, of
Portland.

Mr. Mason's life is an active one. He is typical
of the energetic man of affairs, whose united
labors have built up Maine's industrial develop-
ment. In him, as in this type so characteristic of
Maine, this energy and industry is based upon a
foundation of moral strength, which renders it
doubly effective with the power forbearance al-
v.ays gives. His honor and integrity are unim-
peachable, his sense of justice sure, and his char-
ity and tolerance broad and far-reaching. His
successes are made permanent, founded as they
are on the confidence of his associates, and he
has built up for himself an enviable reputation
among all classes of men.

HENRY ALLEN APPLETON, deceased,
whose death at Bangor, Maine, October 5, 1903,
was felt as a severe loss by the entire commun-
ity, occupied a distinguished place in the life of
this city, and so acquitted himself in all the walks
of life that he was justly regarded as a most valu-
able citizen and as one of the representative
business men and a leader of social life here.
Mr. Appleton was widely esteemed for his kind-
ness and liberality, while his genial tempera-
ment and simple, unaffected manner endeared him
to a large circle of personal friends. His deeds of
charity, though performed in such a manner as
to be known only to the recipient of his bounty,
served during the course of his life to relieve and
soften a great many cases of actual suffering
and distress among the poor of the city, and his
career may well be described as one of usefulness
and benefit to mankind.

Henry A. Appleton was born January 7, 1848,
at Bangor, Maine, son of the Hon. John and Sarah
N. (Allen) Appleton, and a grandson of Jonathan
and Elizabeth (Peabody) Appleton, the latter
residents of Ipswich, New Hampshire. Jonathan
and Elizabeth (Peabody) Appleton were also par-
ents of a daughter, Eliza, who became the wife
of George Gibson, to whom she bore one child,
Charles A. Gibson, late of Bangor.

The Hon. John Appleton, father of Henry A.
-Appleton, was born at Ipswich, New Hampshire,
July 12, 1804, and after completing his studies
at Bowdoin College, from which he was gradu-
ated with the class of 1822, he began a course of
study in law with George F. Farley, of Gro-
ton, Massachusetts. He later studied with the
celebrated Nathan Dane Appleton, of Alfred,
Maine, who was a relative of his, and was admit-

^^nr^ ^. ^ppbtijn

BIOGRAPHICAL

ted to the bar of liis native State at Amherst, in
1826. In the same year, however, he removed to
Dixmont, Penobscot county, Maine, where he en-
gaged in the practice of his profession. , Shortly
afterwards, however, he removed to Quebec, and
six years later, in 1832, came to Bangor, where
he formed a partnership with Elisha H. Allen,
under the firm name of Allen & Appleton. This
association was dissolved in 1841, when Mr. Allen
was elected to a seat in the Federal Congress, Mr.
Appleton then forming a partnership whh John
B. Hill, late of Bangor. In the same year Mr.
Appleton was himself appointed reporter of de-
cisions for the Supreme Judicial Court of the
State, and served in that capacity for about one
year, during which time he compiled and edited
Volumes XIX and XX of the State report, now
highly esteemed by his profession. On May II,
1852, he was appointed justice of the Supreme
Judicial Court of Maine, and served on that body
for many years, being re-appointed at the expi-
ration of his first term. On October 24, 1862,
upon the retirement of Chief Justice Tenney, he
was elevated to that, the highest judicial position
in the State, and was re-appointed to the same of-
fice September 17, 1869, and again on September
20, 1876. Justice Appleton assisted in compiling

this place. After his retirement Mr. Apple-
ton devoted most of his time to promoting such
measures and undertakings as were calculated
to advance the general welfare and, whether in
his capacity of business man or philanthropist, he
was always found faithfiil to his associates and to
the task in hand, never betraying a trust reposed
in him. Mr. Appleton was an influential mem-
ber of the Democratic party, and was a stauncli
supporter of its principles, in which he had the
greatest faith. For many years he exerted ;'
bcneticient influence upon local affairs, but
through his vote and through his voice, which
was always a powerful one in the interests of
of right. He was an active and influential mem-
ber of the Tarratine Club.

Henry Allen Appleton was united in marriage,
March 14, 1878, with Maria S. Sanborn, the
youngest daughter of the Hon. Abraham and
Maria (Sawtelle) Sanborn. Mrs. Appleton was
one of a family of five children, the others being
as follows: Emily, deceased, who became the wife
of General S. F. Hersey, now deceased; Helen,
Richard, and Henry, the last two also deceased.
Abraham Sanborn was born at Laconia, New
Hampshire, and was prepared for college at the
Bangor Academy. He later entered Watcrvillc

treatise on "Evidence," which was published in College (now Colby College) from which he

Philadelphia, in i860, and had a wide circulation.
He married (first) February 6, 1834, Sarah N.
Allen, who died August 12, 1874. They were the
parents of four sons, as follows: Colonel John
F., deceased, an officer of the Civil War; Edward
P., deceased; Frederick H., of Bangor, Maine, and
Henry Allen, of whom further. Justice Apple-
ton married (second) March 30, 1876, Anne V.
Greeley. His death occured at Bangor, at an ad-
vanced age.

Henry Allen Appleton spent his entire life in
his native city of Bangor, where he obtained an
excellent education in the local public schools
and the Bangor Academy. During hi
business career he was identified with
lines of business, but took
terest in the land and lumbe

active

various

more prominent in-

enterprises with

graduated with high honors, and then read law
with Jacob McGraw, of Bangor. He was admit-
ted to the bar of this State after a successful
competitive examination, and established him-
self in the active practice of his profession in that
portion of Levant, later known as Kenduskeag.
About the year 1840 he removed to Bangor, being
the third attorney in that town, and rapidly be-
came one of the leading members of the bar, and
an eloquent and forceful advocate. He developed
in course of time a large and representative clien-
tele, the greater part of his work being carried
on in Penobscot and Piscataquis counties. Al-
though his time and attention were almost entire-
!:.• devoted to his profession, he yet took an active
interest in politics, and was chosen by his fel-
low citizens to represent them in the State Legis-
lature, serving on that body several times, and
making a wide reputation for himsel:
able and disinterested public servant.

which the majority of the old families in the
State were identified than in any other. Because
of his honorable business methods, his persever-
ance and progrcssiveness, coupled with an abil-
ity and judgment of a superior order, Mr. Apple-
ton was enabled to build up a business which
brought him large returns for the labor expended. lumber indust

He retired from active life several years prior to clerkship in c... , , . ,., .;e ,,,i. ai Lonc*
his death, being at that time regarded as one of i'le Fast lo a c..n-;iicnr-.is r,, iimii i,, the
the most substantial and influential citizens of trade as president of the St. John Lumber G
JIK.-2— G

cap-

JAMES WILEY PARKER— The more than
lialf a century that Mr. Parker has spent in the

• ''' I- ■:■,]].. ;,, . '■JrL■^s from a

HISTORY OF MAINE

pany. operating the largest saw mill plant in New
England and the largest shingle mill in the United
States. His business headquarters are in Portland,
where he is well known socially and fraternally,
and where he is an active participant in all civic
movements, and, as a supporter of Republican
principles, interested in public affairs.

James W. Parker is a son of John and Abljie
(Brown) Parker, of Hampden, Maine, grandson of
Nathaniel and Matilda (Young) Parker, and great-
grandson of Chase Parker, of Buxton, Maine.
Matilda (Young) Parker was a daughter of Cap-
tain Young, of Wellfleet, Massachusetts, a sea cap-
tain who sailed around the world.

John Parker, son of Nathaniel, and father of
James Wiley Parker, was a farmer of Hampden, a
Baptist in religion, and a strong antagonist of
slavery. His wife, Abbie Parker, was a daughter
of David and Letitia (Hunter) Brown, of Clinton,
Maine. David Brown \vas an explorer and expert
lumberman, owning considerable timber land, fol-
lowing lumbering all of his long life. John and
Abbie (Brown) Parker were the parents of: James
Wiley, of whom further; and Letitia, deceased.

James Wiley Parker was born in Hampden,
Maine, July 30. 1850. He attended the little red
district school, afterwards Hampden Academy, for
two terms in the fall of the year subsequently en-
tering the Bangor Business College, whence he was
graduated, March 19, 1869. His business career
began October 19. 1869, when he became a clerk
in the employ of the Berlin Mills Company, of
Berlin, New Hampshire, the largest lumber con-
cern in the East. He was advanced to the position
of head clerk in 1872, also serving as paymaster,
and in 1879 his abilities were recognized by his
admission to the firm, which was then a partner-
ship, and upon the incorporation of the business in
1888 he became its vice-president. Two years after
his admission to the firm, in i88l. he was placed in
active charge of the business as local manager, and
in 1886 his department became the woods opera-
tions and log driving. In his various capacities
with the Berlin jMills Company, Mr. Parker gained
a knowledge and experienced valuable in the ex-
treme and which stood him in good stead in his
subsequent independent operations. He sold his
interest in the corporation in i8g6, then purchasing
the controlling interest in the South Gardiner Lum-
ber Company, on the Kennebec river, South Gardi-
ner, Maine. In the following year Mr. Parker be-
came the owner of the controlling interest in the
Rufus Deering Company, lumber manufacturers, of
Portland, and in 1902 he organized the St. John
Lumber Company, buildins?, at Van Buren. Maine.

the largest saw mill plant in New England and the
largest shingle mill in the United States. The
plant of this company has a daily capacity of two
hundred and fifty thousand feet of long lumber, one
hundred an dsixty thousand laths, and five hundred
and fifty thousand cedar shingles. Mr. Parker is
a leading figure in lumber dealings and operations
in Maine and is an authority in his line, equally
well versed in the practical side of lumber as he
is in the financial and executive direction of the
important concerns he controls.

Mr. Parker has had extensive shipping interests,
seme of which he retains at the present time. He
made a departure from the lumber business in
1898. when he organized Parker & Thomes Com-
pany, wholesale dealers in dry goods and fancy
goods throughout all of New England. He is
president of the United States Trust Company, and
a trustee of the Portland Savings Bank. He belongs
to lodge, chapter, and commandery in the Masonic
order, and is a member of the Knights of Pythias.
He is (1919) president of the Portland Club and
a member of the Portland Country Club.

Mr. Parker married, at Gorham, New Hampshire,
March 15, 1875, Elizabeth Tasker Jewell, of Bangor,
IMaine. daughter of William and Emily (Bates)
Jewell. They are the parents of Walter Brown
Parker, born Alarch 31, 1882, a graduate of the
Portland High School, associated with his father
in business.

ARTHUR OWEN WHITE— Among the

prominent and successful business men of Lisbon
Falls, Maine, is Arthur Owen White, a member of
an old and distinguished family, and descended on
the paternal side of the hou^e from Irish ancestors,
while on his mother's side his descendants can be
traced back to the famous "Mayflov er." His
father, Owen White, was born at Bowdoiii, Maine,
September 20, 1828, and was one of the "forty-
niners," having spent ten years in the West, after
which period he returned to Litchfield, in his native
State, where he followed the occupation of farming
all his life. He conducted the Lisbon town farm
for ten and a half years and engaged in many
other similar occupations connected with farm life.
He v.as a very prominent and successful man, and
a highly respected and intelligent citizen. He mar-
ried Mary Jane Flanders, who was born in Rich-
mond, Virginia, a member of a distinguished Vir-
ginian family. Owen White died at Lisbon Falls,
in 1900, and his wife three years prior, in the same
town. They were the parents of three children,
all of whom are now living, as follows: i. Mar-
garet Lucy, who is now the wife of Frank C.

^aAAJO^

BIOGRAPHICAL

Coombs, of Lisbon, and the mother of three
children : Frank, Robert and Jennie. 2. Dexter
Smith, a resident of East Auburn, where he con-
ducts a prosperous farm. 3. Arthur Owen, of
whom further.

Born September 17. 1871, Arthur Owen W'liite,
a son of Owen and Mary Jane (Flanders) White,
had but little association with his native liirthplace.
Litchfield Corners, Kennebec county, Maine, but at
the age of seven removed with his parents to Lis-
bon, a picturesque town of the "Pine Tree State."
Tt was here that he attended the local public
schools, and later graduated from the high school
of the region, during which time he had established
a record for probity and scholarship. He then
matriculated at Grey's Business College of Port-
land, Maine, and in 1889 completed a thorough
course of general business training. He obtained
a position with the Tibbetts Manufacturing Com-
pany in the capacity of bookkeeper, and remained
with this establishment for a period of about two
years. However, Mr. White did not find this place
one which lived up to the ideals which he had set
for himself, and his next step was to associate him-
self with S. E. King, of W'elchville. Maine, where
he remained for one year, and at the end of this
time secured a position in a grocery store at Win-
throp, Maine. He subsequently came to Lisbon
Falls, in 1893, having received an offer from a Lis-
bon Falls store to take charge of the meat depart-
ment there. With this concern he remained for
nine years, at the end of which period he had saved
up enough capital to cherish his life-long ambition,
that is, to some day become the proprietor of a
store of his own. With this end in view. Mr.
White, in 1904, started a grocery and meat store of
his own, this being the same establishment that he
is at present conducting on Main street. Lisbon
Falls, Maine. Here Mr. White conducts a suc-
cessful business, and, in fact, one of the largest
of its kind in that region of the State.

It is not only in the business life of Lisbon Falls
that Mr. White takes so prominent a part. In
1906 he was elected on the staff of the board of
selectmen, and served in this capacity for about
three years. In 1909 he was elected chairman of
this board, a post which he still holds, bavins
served on the board of selectmen for twelve years
in all, the last nine years as chairman. Mr. White
is a devotee of out-door sports in general, and is
what is called a "baseball fan." having played on
a team while a young man. He is an athlete of
some note .and takes a keen interest in all sorts
of athletic sports. He is identified with a number
of important clubs in the region, being a prominent

]\!ascii. a member of the Order of Red Men. of
the Foresters, and of the Order of the Eastern
Star, in the latter organization of which he was
patron for four years. Mr. White is also a mem-
ber of the Grangers, and is now serving his sec-
ond year as master.

In 1891, at Lewiston, Maine. Arthur Owen W hite
married Gertrude A. Webber, a native of Lisbon
Center, !Maine, where she was born September 15,
1872. a daughter of Alfred C. and Beulah (Lan-
caster) Webber. Mr. Webber was the postmaster
of Lisbon for a number of years, a position which
he held up to the time of his death. To Mr. and
Mrs. White the following children have been born:
I. Florence M., born January 6, 1892, and died Oc-
tober 28, 1909; she had just graduated from the
Lisbon Falls High School with the highest rank
of any pupil up to that time, having attained an
average of ninety-six per cent. 2. Alva Leslie, born
April 21, 1894, and now assists his father in his
business. 3. Freeman Owen, born May 7, 1896,
and works in the paper mills here, but has enlisted
in the Nelson Dingley Heavy Artillery. 4. Alfred
Carlton, born May 14. i8g8, and is now a member
of the class of 1918 in the high school at Lisbon
Falls.

DAVID RAE CAMPBELL— David Rae Camp-
bell, who for many years had been one of the most
conspicuous figures in the industrial life of Dexter
and Sangerville, Maine, where he has been inti-
mately identified with the development of the
woolen industry, is a native of Scotland, having
been born in the city of Glasgow in that country,
July 30, 1830. He passed his childhood and early
youth in his native land, and received his educa-
tion at the local and public schools there. Upon
completing his studies at these institutions, Mr.
Campbell served a seven year apprenticeship in the
woolen mills of Scotland and learned in that ex-
cellent school every detail of the manufacture of
these goods. At the expiration of that time, be-
lieving that a greater opportunity awaited him in
the new world, he came to the L^nited States and
here engaged in the woolen manufacturing busi-
ness. Indeed he was one of those who contributed
most largely to the building up of this most im-
portant industry in Maine, and became affiliated
with a number of the largest concerns in this region.
He was president of the Campbell Manufacturing
Company of Sangerville. Maine, of the Dunbartoii
W''oolen Company, of Dexter, Maine, in which
position he had been succeeded by his son, Angus
Osgood Campbell, and of the Niantic Manufactur-
ing Company of East Lyme, Connecticut. For

HISTORY OF MAINE

many years he was regarded as an authority on
woolen goods, and is one of the most capable
organizers and efficient executives hereabouts.
Mr. Campbell, upon coming to this country, be-
came a citizen thereof and afiiliated himself with
the Republican party, of which he has always been
a staunch supporter. Concerned as he was, how-
ever, with the large interests that he was develop •
ing, he was quite without ambition for political
preferment of any kind, and although a prominent
figure in the general life of the community refused
to accept any public office. He is a member of
the Maine Woolen Manufacturers Club, and has
always devoted much time and energj- to the im-
provement of the conditions surrounding this in-
dustry in America. In his religious belief Mr.
Campbell is a Methodist and for many years has
attended Campbell Memorial Church of that de-
nomination at Sangenille, Maine.

David Rae Campbell married (first), in the year
1858, at Amesbury, Massachusetts, Betsey S.
Springer, deceased. Two children were born of
this union, as follows: Angus Osgood, January
25. i860, whose sketch follows ; and Willie A., born
January 23, 1862. Mr. Campbell married (second),
in the year 1868, at Dexter. Maine. Eleanor (Ellen)
(Lovejoy) Curtis, by whom he had three children,
as follows: Grace E., born July 28, 1869; David
O., born in 1874, and Louisa E., born in 1878.

ANGUS OSGOOD CAMPBELL.— One of the

prominent figures in the industrial life of Dexttr
and Sangerville, Maine, and an influential citizen
of that community is Angus Osgood Campbell, a
member of an old and distinguished New England
family of Scotish origin, and a son of David Rae
and Betsey S. (Springer) Campbell, who for many
years resided at this place.

Angus Osgood Campbell was born at Dexter,
January 25, i860, and as a lad attended the local
public schools. He was graduated from the Dex-
ter High School, and later took a commercial
course at the Eastman Business College at Tough-
keepsie. New York. Having thus prepared him-
self for a business career, Mr. Campbell, follow-
ing in the footsteps of his father, became inter-
ested in the manufacture of woolen goods and
has remained in that line ever since. Mr. Camp-
bell has met with a notable success as a woolen
manufacturer, and at the present time holds the
office of president of the Dumbarton Woolen Com-
pany of Dexter, Maine. He is also clerk of the
Niantic Manufacturing Company of East Lyme,
Connecticut, and is prominent in industrial circles
in both states. Mr. Campbell has not confined

his activities to the manufacture of woolen goods,
however, but has become interested in financial
operations in this region and is now a director of
the Dexter Trust and Banking Company of this
town. Mr. Campbell has always been a staunch
supporter of the principles and policies of the
Republican party, and has been elected to a num-
ber of important public offices on its ticket. He
■ has served as selectman and treasurer of the town,
and in 1907 and 1908 vv'as a member of the Gover-
nor's Council. Mr. Campbell is also a prominent
figure in social and fraternal circles hereabouts,
and is a member of Abner Wade Lodge, .Ancient
Free and Accepted Masons; Piscataquis Chapter,
Royal Arch Masons ; Bangor Council, Royal and
Select Masters; and St. John's Commandery,
Knights Templar, having taken his thirty-second
degree in Free Masonary. He is also affiliated
with the local lodges of the Benevolent and Pro-
tected Order of Elks, and the Knights of Pythias.
His clubs are the Tarratine of Bangor, and the
Piscataquis of Foxcroft, Maine.

Angus Osgood Campbell was united in marriage,
September 15, 1882, at Guilford, Maine, with Bertha
Alice Wade, a daughter of Abner P. and Sarah
(Ayer) Wade, old and highly-respected residents
of that place. To Mr. and iMrs. Campbell one son
has been born, Angus Wade. February 14. 1884,
now a lieutenant in the American Red Cross and
in active duty overseas.

DAVID OSGOOD CAMPBELL— Among the

prominent figures in the industrial life of Sanger-
ville, Maine, with whose affairs he has been actively
identified for many years, is David Osgood Camp-
bell, who now lives retired from active life at
Sangerville. Mr. Campbell is a son of David Rae
and Eleanor (Ellen) (Lovejoy) Campbell, and a
member of an old Maine family. His father, like
himself, was active in the industrial life of the
community, and was engaged in the manufacture
of woolen goods for many years in this region.

David Osgood Campbell was born at Sangerville,
July 28, 1874, and as a lad attended the common
schools of his native town. Later he entered the
East Maine Conference Seminary, Bucksport,
Maine, from which he graduated, class of 1891.
After completing his studies at the latter institu-
tion, lilr. Campbell began his successful career,
and became treasurer of the firm of D. R. Camp-
bell & Sons, woolen manufacturers, at Sangerville,
of which his father was the head. Later this con-
cern was incorporated under the name of the Camp-
bell Manufacturing Company, and David Osgood
Campbell remained treasurer thereof for several

C/^(-//i/ 6^1^ ^^^z:;^

C^'^^^^^^^^^^^u/^

BIOGRAPHICAL

years, the last two years as general manager, also
was a director in the business until it was sold to
the Dumbarton Mills Company. He then was
elected director of the new company, also, for a
few years, secretary. Mr. Campbell early became
interested in western affairs, and for a time made
his home at Seattle, Washington, where he came
as assistant treasurer and a director of the Seattle
& Yukon Steamship Company. He was also con-
nected in the capacity of manager with the steam-
ship Elishu Thompson of San Francisco and
Seattle. After two years in that region, Air. Camp-
bell returned to the East, and was for a time a
director of the Guilford Trust Company, of Guil-
ford, Maine. Since that time, however, he has
withdrawn from these various business interests
and now enjoys a well-earned leisure. Mr. Camp-
bell is a Republican in politics, and although much
interested in all questions and issues of the da\ .
has never been ambitions to hold public oflice. He
is exceedingly active in social and fraternal circles
here, and is a member of various orders and as-
sociations, among which should be mentioned : the
Knights of Pythias, in v.hich he has been through
all the chairs, and w^as at one time chancellor of
Sir Godfrey Lodge, of Sangerville, and is now
past chancellor thereof ; the Abner Wade Lodge,
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, of Sanger-
ville; Piscataquis Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, of
Dover, Maine; and Court Kinhoe, Independent
Order of Foresters, of Sangerville. Mr. Camp-
bell is also a member of the Tarrantine Club, of
Bangor, Maine, also being reelected to membership
in the National Geographic Society, of Washing-
ton, D. C, and is active in the life of all these
associations. While not a formal member of any
church, Mr. Campbell attends the Methodist Episco-
pal church (Campbell Memorial Church) of San-
gerville, Maine, and is exceedingly liberal in his
support of the same.

David Osgood Campbell married (first) Septem-
ber 25, 1900, Virginia M. Ring, now deceased, of
Orono, Maine, a daughter of Charles B. and Ab-
bie Ring, both deceased. Mr. Campbell married
(second) Mrs. Genevieve (West) Collins, of
Franklin, Maine, a daughter of Hon. Joseph H.
and Mary (Brackett) West, of that place. One
child was born to Mr. Campbell by his first mar-
riage, David Rae Campbell, born November 7,
1901.

ARTHUR E. BAKER was born in Beaver
Falls, Lewis county. New York, September 20. 1877.
After completing his course of study in the public
schools of Potsdam, New York, he turned his at-

tention to business pursuits, familiarizing himself
with the details of the construction business, which
line of work he followed until the year 1906,
achieving a large degree of success therein. In the
following year he took up his residence in Bidde-
ford, Maine, and there engaged in the hardware
business, and after the death of his father-in-lavif,
Carlos Heard, which occurred July 31, 191 7, he
assumed charge of his hardware business and so
contiues, a well merited success attending his
efforts. Mr. Baker is a director of the Pepperell
Trust Company, the duties of which he performs
ni an efficient manner. He holds membership in
Dunlap Lodge, No. 47, Ancient Free and Accepted
Masons ; York Chapter, No. 5, Royal Arch Masons ;
Maine Council, Royal and Select Masters ; Brad-
ford Conimandery, No. 4. Knights Templar ; Kora
Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the
Mystic Shrine; Ada Chapter, Order of the Eastern
Star and the Odd Fellows.

Mr. Baker married, December 12, 1006, Edna
Heard, daughter of Carlos and Harriet A. (I.unt)
Heard, and they are the parents of two children ;
Carlos, born May 6, 1909, and Harriet Anita, born
February 25, 191 1.

Carlos Heard, father of Edna (Heard) Baker,
was born in Porter, Oxford county, Maine, July
26, 1844, the son of James and Eunice (IMcKcnney)
Heard. He was reared in his native town, and
educated in the common schools thereof, thus ob-
taining a practical education. In 1865 he removed
to Biddeford, Maine, and six years later, in com-
pany with the late Simeon P. McKcnney. pur-
chased the hardware establishment of Barnabas E.
Cutter & Son. then and for years afterwards located
in the old City building. The legal papers trans-
ferring this business were of date June 8, 1871,
and the firm of McKenney & Heard continued
until the death of its senior member, after which
Mr. Heard conducted it on his own account. In
1894 the City building was destroyed by fire, but
with characteristic energy, Mr. Heard quickly re-
moved what was left of his stock, and, adding to
it, opened a new store in the Quinby & Sweetser
block, and within a very short period of time was
again conducting business as usual. In the fo!
lowing year, 1895, Mr. Heard completed the erec-
tion of the three-story brick building known as
the Heard block, on Main street, Vv-here, under the
old name of McKenney & Heard, he conducted
business until his death. By this time the trade
of the concern had made great strides, both in
the retail and jobbing lines, and its customers were
found in all parts of York county. From the oc-
cupancy of a single store of moderate dimensions

HISTORY OF MAINE

in the old City building, the house now has nine
thousand square feet or nearly one-fourth of an
acre of floor space, making it one of the largest
concerns of its kind in this section of the State.
Mr. Heard was fortunate in having as assistants
men of his own choosing, who worked side by
side with him and grew up with the business, Mr.
Tristram Hanson having been associated with him
from almost the beginning of the business, Mr.
Waterhouse for many years, and Mr. Baker, hi?
son-in-law, who has been connected with the busi-
ness for many years. In addition to the manage-
ment of his immense business. Mr. Heard served
as president of the Biddeford Savings Bank, as
director of the Biddeford & Saco Railroad Com-
pany, and in local linancial circles his knowledge
and judgment were rated high and he was often
consulted by those having funds to be invested.
He had been a close student for many years of
financial problems, and there was perhaps no man
ill the community better posted as to the earning
power and real and prospective value of securities.
His particular hobby in this line was mill stocks, he
keeping close track of what the leading cotton mill
corporations of New England were doing. He
could tell, off-hand, the surplus of a given con-
cern, its approximate earnings, its rate of divi-
dends, its general physical condition.

Mr. Heard was a Democrat in politics. In 1S77
he was elected an alderman, and was reelected in
1878 and 1879, serving as presiding officer of the
board in the last mentioned year. He represented
Biddeford in the Legislature in 1879 and 1880;
was an assessor of taxes from 1883 to 1890, in-
clusive; street commissioner in 1885-1886, and in
1896 was the first nominee of the Citizens' party
for mayor. His administration was so successful
that he was reelected in the following year without
a struggle and by a largely increased majority. He
was the first non-partisan mayor ever chosen in
Biddeford. For some time, after the retirement
of Hon. John M. Goodwin, Mr. Heard was presi-
dent of the Citizens' Association. Although hold-
ing no office in recent years and considering him-
self as out of active politics, Mr. Heard was to
the last greatly interested in public affairs and was
a staunch supporter and great admirer of Presi-
dent Wilson. Mr. Heard also served as president
of the McArthur Library Association.

Mr. Heard married, September 30. 187.1, Harriet
A. Lunt, now deceased, daughter of Cyrus K. and
Harriet (Graves) Lunt, and sister of the late Hon.
Wilbur F. Lunt. Three children were born of this
marriage : Carlos Clayton, of whom further :
Ethel, married. May 15, 1918, John Fred Hill, of

Kennebunkport, Maine; Edna, aforementioned as
the wife of Arthur E. Baker.

Mt. Heard passed away at his summer home on
South Point, Biddeford Pool, July 31, 1917, and
interment was in the family plot in Laurel Hill
Cemetery. Mr. Heard was a lineal descendant of
John Heard, who came from England in 1636 and
settled in what is now Dover, New Hampshire.

Carlos Clayton Heard, only son of Carlos and
Harriet A. (Lunt) Heard, was born in Biddeford,
Maine, July 5, 1875. He attended the public schools
of Biddeford, graduating from its high school, and
then entered Yale College, from which he also
graduated. The following two years were spent
in the wholesale and retail hardware business in
his native town, and in 1898 he took up the study
of law with Nathaniel B. Walker (LL.B., 1S77),
and was admitted to the bar in 1901. He was for
a long time associated with Mr. Walker in prac-
tice, under the name of Heard & Walker, but for
several years had practiced independently. He was
counsel for the Biddeford Savings Bank, of which
his father was president, and local counsel for sev-
eral large companies. In 1914 he was elected city
solicitor of Biddeford on the Democratic ticket,
and held that office until his death. He served for
nearly sixteen years, beginning March, 1899, as a
member of the Board of Assessors of Taxes, for
ten years being chairman of the board. In igoo
he was chosen secretary of the Citizens' Executive
Committee, and served in that capacity for one
year. He was a member of the York County Bar
Association, was president of the Association of
the Descendants of John Heard, was prominent in
the Masonic order, and attended the Foss Street
Methodist Church of Biddeford. In 1908 he re-
ceived from the University of Maine the degree
of LL.M.

Mr. Heard married, in Biddeford, July 15, 1903,
Mrs. Isabella Falconer (Paterson) Bardsley, of
Saco, Maine, daughter of George F. and Jeannette
(MacGregor) Paterson, and widow of William
T. Bardsley. The death of Mr. Heard occurred in
Biddeford. January 31, 1915, and his remains were
interred in Laurel Hill Cemetery at Saco.

WILBUR FISK DRESSER is a member of
those fine old families rare perhaps in other lands,
but which abound in the history of our own, which
seem to combine within itself the virture at once
of an aristocracy and a democracy, the graces of
the former with the strong moral fiber of the lat-
ter. Mr. Dresser's ancestors were among the early
pioneers of Scarboro, Maine, where indeed his
great-great-uncle, Henry Dresser was killed by the

BIOGRAPHICAL

Indians. His great-grandfather, Richard Dresser,
escaped the massacre and continued to live in Scar
boro during his entire life and it w.ix lure tlint
Wentworth Dresser, son of Richard and frtlcr
of Josiah Carter Dresser, the father of the Mr.
Dresser of this sketch, was born. Mr. Josiah Carter
Dresser, born in 1817, made his home in Scarboro,
and there died in 1868 at the age of fifty-one years,
fie married Lydia W. Junkins, a native of York,
Maine, and they were the parents of three children
as follows : Wilbur Fisk. with whose career, we
are particularly concerned; Melville W., who died
at the age of thirty years, an event which cut
short a career which promised most brilliantly;
and Emma N., who died when but eighteen years
of age.

Wilbur Fisk Dresser was born .August 8, 1848,
at Scarboro, Maine. His education was received at
the public schools, and upon completing this he
Ijegan his active life by following in his father's
footsteps and taking up farming as an occupation.
He was very successful in this line and continued
in Scarboro until he had reached the age of fifty
years. In i8g8 he came to South Portland, which
ha<! been his home and the scene of his busy and
active career. While still a resident of Scarboro,
Mr. Dresser had supplemented his farming opera-
tions by conducting a genera! store in the town
and he also held the office of postmaster there
during the administration of President Cleveland.
Upon coming to South Portland he engaged in
the real estate business, establishing an office at
No. 80. Exchange street, where he has made his
headquarters for twenty-two years. He has been
hi.ghly successful in this line of business and is
now regarded as one of the typical, substantial
business men of the city. He is the owner of a
very handsome residence in South Portland. In
the year 1915, Mr. Dresser was appointed to the
office of State assessor by Governor Curtis and
stil! holds that responsible position and devotes
almost his entire time and attention to its extremely
onerous tasks and duties. In the meantime, his sons
are carrying on the real estate business with ad-
mirable efficiency and success. Mr. Dresser has
held many other important offices in the gift of
his fellow citizens of South Portland : He is a
Democrat in politics and has served as alderman
of the city, while in the years 191 1 and 1913 he
was elected to represent the cnnimunity in tlie
State Legislature and served on that body for two
terms. He is a member of the Kniglits of Pythias.
In religion Mr. Dresser is a Methodist.

On June 18, 1878, Mr. Dresser was married at

Scarboro, Maine, to Sara McLaughlin of that
tovvn. Mrs. Dresser is a daughter of William and
Catherine (Mitchell) McLaughlin, both of whom
are now deceased, her father dying in 1880 at
Scarboro and her mother in South Portland in
igii. To Mr. and Mrs. Dresser five children have
been born as follows: Ira H., w-ho married a
Mildred Grover. and is now engaged in a trucking
business in Portland, Maine: \Villiam \\'.. who is
associated with his father in his real estate business
and who married Edith A. Skillin; Perley C.
Dresser, who married Alice A. Barbour; Leon W.,
who resides in Portland and now holds the post
of receiving teller in the Chapman National Bank,
married Phyllis Trefethan ; Helen M., who makes
her home with her father, and is at the present
time a student in the South Portland High School.
Mrs. Sara Dresser passed away October 19, xgi7.

There is of course, no such thing as a formula
for success, one man accomplishing his ends by
means that seem the opposite of those which are
employed by others. One's strength seems to He
in self advertisement, and to make progress he
must call to himself and claim the admiration and
wonder of those he uses as his instruments, while
with another, silence appears as essential as does
noise with the first. There are, of course, a
thousand variations to each of these general classi-
fications, and we distinguish readily between him
who needs silence and obscurity for his deeds and
him who prefers them merely as the result of a
modest and retiring nature. Perhaps we should
refer to the latter class the subject of this article,
Mr. Dresser, a man who does not try to proclaim his
own merits, who is so assured that "good wine needs
no bush" that he concerns himself solely with the
performances of all his engagements in the very
fullest sense of the term. The result fully justifies
him in his policy: His success is great and no
wide system of advertisement could have resulted
in a more enviable reputation or an achievement
more substantial. One of Mr. Dresser's strongest
feelings is the domestic one and it is in the familiar
intercourse of his family that he really takes the
greatest delight. His m.ind never wearies of ways
and means of increasing the happiness and pleasure
of those who make up his household and in whose
innocent delights he joins with a gu.sto and an
enthiKia^m that is infectious. This is a side of
lii- cli.nracter with which only the more intimate
of his associates are entirely familiar, but there are
none, even among the most casual acquaintances
V ho do not realize the fundamental trustworthiness
of bis character, the high-minded citizen, the good
neighbor, the true friend.

HISTORY OF MALNE

EDGAR LLEWELLYN PENNELL, M.D.—

Not only residents of Auburn but many far be-
yond its limits will recognize Dr. PenncU's name
as that of one of the physicians who have chosen
to devote themselves to the treatment of diseases
of the eye, ear, nose and throat. Although Dr.
Pennell has practiced in Auburn only a few
years, he has achieved a measure of success which
promises well for the future.

Jeremiah Pennell, father of Dr. Edgar Llewel-
lyn Pennell, was born in Gray, Maine, and fol-
lowed agricultural pursuits. He was a Demo-
crat and filled successively all the important po-
litical offices of a small town. Mr. Pennell mar-
ried Elizabeth Doughty, and their children were:
I. Walter J., a physician of Auburn, Maine, now
deceased. 2. Fannie, wife of William McConkey,
of Gray. 3. Clara, wife of \\'illiam Dow, of Gray.
4. George H., of Portland, Maine. 5. Edgar
Llewellyn, mentioned below. 6. Cora B. True,
graduate of Bates College, class of 1894, now
secretary for her brother, George H. Pennell, on
City Farm of Portland. 7. Steven R., a hardware
merchant and contractor of Rumford, Maine. 8.
Harriet, wife of William Ross, of North Yar-
mouth, Maine. 9. Percy, a machinist of Saco,
Maine. Mr. and Mrs. Pennell are now both de-
ceased. The former appears to have been de-
scended from the Rev. John Pinel, who came to
America from Normandy or, from Thomas, of the
same name, who settled at an earlier period in
Gloucester, Massachusetts.

Dr. Edgar Llewellyn Pennell, son of Jeremiah
and Elizabeth (Doughty) Pennell, was born
January 31, 1869, at Gray, Maine, and until reach-
ing the age of fifteen attended the schools of
his native town. He then entered the Nichols
Latin School at Lcwiston, graduating in 1889,
and matriculating at Bates College, from which
institution he graduated in 1893. For one year
thereafter he taught the grammar school at East-
port, Maine, and in 1894 became principal of the
Greely Academy, retaining the position until
1898. During these changes the young man did
not lose sight of his ultimate goal, which was
that of the profession of medicine. Resigning his
position as principal of the Greely Academy, he
entered Bowdoin Medical School, graduating in
1901 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, and
at once entering upon the practice of his profes-
sion at Kingficld, Maine. The twelve succeeding
years brought a fair measure of accomplishment
and much experience, but Dr. Pennell was am-
bitious and after his removal to Auburn, in 1913,
took- a post-graduate course at Bellevue Medical

College, New York, supplementing this by a
second course at the same institution. The sub-
ject of his study was ailments of the eye, ear,
nose and throat. He has since practiced as a
specialist in this branch of his profession and
has met with gratifying results. In public af-
fairs Dr. Pennell has always taken an active in-
terest, but has never been induced to accept any
office with the exception of that of school direc-
tor, which he held while living in Kingfield. He
is a thirty-second degree Mason, member of Kora
Temple, Mystic Shrine, and also affiliates with the
Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His only club
is the Waseca. He and his family are members
of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Dr. Pennell married (first) in 1892, at North
Conway, New Hampshire, May B. Goff, and they
became the parents of two children: I. Walter J.,
graduated in 1913 from Bates College, and in
191 7 from Harvard Medical School, and is now
first lieutenant and assistant surgeon in the Uni-
ted States Navy. 2. Gladys May, graduate of the
Edward Little High School, post-graduate of
Bates College, and now a pianist of standing. The
mother of these children died in 1896, and in 1901
Dr. Pennell married (second) Annie E. \\'atson,
born at Caribou, Maine, a graduate nurse from
the Maine General Hospital, Portland, in 1901.
Dr. and Mrs. Pennell are the parents of one child,
Edgar Llewellyn, Jr., born April 8, 1914.

As a general practitioner, Dr. Pennell was suc-
cessful, but in his new field, that of diseases of
the eye, ear, nose, throat and skin, he will un-
doubtedly achieve more marked d'stinction. II r
shows himself to be a wise man in that he doe^
not neglect the social, sporting, out-door side of
life, nor has he ever done so. While a student
at Bates College he was a member of the base-
ball team, and now, in his maturer years, it
would be no exaggeration to say that if he has a
hobby it is hunting and fishing.

CHARLES COBB HARMON— The business
annals of Portland, Maine, contain the names of
many capable and successful men but none wor-
thy of more respect and honor than that of
Charles Cobb Harmon, the prominent merchant
of that place. Mr. Harmon is a member of an old
and well known Maine family, and a son of Zeb-
ulon Iving Harmon, who was born at Durham,
Maine, November 10, 1816, and died at the age of
seventy-nine years.

Charles Cobb Harmon was born November
S, 1S46, at Portland, and has made that city his

&/^^^ :;^^^p^>^u^, ^,^.

BIOGRAPHK.VL

home and the scene of his active business life. It
was at Portland tliat he received his education,
attending for this purpose the public schools. Im-
mediately upon completing his studies, he se-
cured a clerical position with the firm of Davis
Brothers, who dealt largely in books, and there
remained for a period of some three years. After
leaving Davis Brothers Mr. Harmon was em-
ployed for a similar period with Bailey & Noyes,
the successful dealers, and then formed an asso-
ciation with George B. Loring and engaged in the
business under the name of Loring, Short & Har-
mon. This firm was organized November 2,
1868, and from that time to the present (1917)
has conducted a most successful business in Port-
land and enjoys a reputation for honorable deal-
ing and progressive business methods second to
none. It was for a time located under the Fal-
mouth Hotel, but after fourteen years of success
at this place it moved to its present location at
No. 474 Congress street, and it has been estab-
lished in all for forty-nine years. Of this con-
cern Mr. Harmon is now president, and its great
prosperity is due in no small degree to his busi-
ness talents and executive ability. Besides his
successful business career, Mr. Harmon is promi-
nent in many other aspects of the city's life, and
is a well known figure in social and fraternal cir-
cles there. He is a prominent Mason and takes
a keen interest in the work and welfare of this
great order. In his religious belief Mr. Harmon
is a Congregationalist and attends the State
Street Church of that denomination, in the life
of which he is very active.

Mr. Harmon married (first) in 1879, Alice D.
Dana, whose death occurred in the month of No-
vember, 1886. Of this union three children were
born, as follows: Carrie Starr, now the wife of
Edward A. Shaw, treasurer of the company of
which Mr. Harmon is president; Charles Dana,
who makes his home at Saratoga, California; and
Harriet Borden, who resides with her parents in
Portland. Mr. Harmon married (second) in Sep-
tember, 1901, Isabella Tyler Clark.

Success in life is the fruit of so many diverse
conditions and circumstances, so opposed, it of-
ten seems to us that one may well be tempted to
despair of finding any rule and criterion of the
qualities which contributes to its achievements.
There is one thing of which we may rest assured,
however, and that is that despite appearances real
success, success honestly worth counting as such,
is never the result of fortuitous elements in the
environment, but must depend upon some in-
trinsic quality of the man himself. Admitting

this, however, and we still have a field, wide
enough in all conscience, from which to select
the possible factors of success and he is wise in-
deed who can adequately do so. It may be said
in a general way that the qualities that make for
success can be grouped as the result of native tal-
ent on the one hand and of high education and
training on the other. Nor is this, as it seems at
first sight in controversion of the former propo-
sition that true success must depend upon the indi-
vidual himself, for high education and training
itself is only attainable by those able to master it.
If we look about us we shall see successes in
great numbers depending on both of these situ-
ations, some won by nothing but quick wits and
cleverness and others the result of special train-
ing without any apparent gift beyond the average
as a foundation. It is where these two elements
are found in combination, however, that the most
brilliant results follow, such as in the case of Mr.
Harmon.

FRED G. HAMILTON— With the blood of
many worthy ancestors in his veins, Mr. Hamil-
ton takes place among the industrious and suc-
cessful business men of Portland. From Scotland,
whose sombre climate and rugged hills have de-
veloped one of the most energetic, industrious
and thrifty nations on the globe, have come to
these shores a people who, wherever found, have
been a credit and a help to the community where
they dwell. A colony settled in Londonderry,
New Hampshire, and at a critical time contributed
largely to the victory of the patriot arms of Ben-
nington and the subsequent capture of Burgoyne.
Other Scots settled in Maine and their descend-
ants now constitute a considerable proportion of
some of the thrifty towns of the coast region.
Among these are many worthy citizens of Che-
beague Island, whose progenitor was Ambrose
Hamilton, who came from Scotland to the Prov-
ince of Maine with his wife, Betsy (Franzy)
Hamilton, from Ganzy. He had sons: Ambrose,
of whom further; Roland, settled on Cousin's Is-
land; and John, settled on Walnut Hill.

Ambrose Hamilton, eldest son of Ambrose
and Betsy (Franzy) Hamilton, settled on Che-
beague about 1760, being the third permanent set-
tler on the island. He married Deborah Soule
and had fourteen children and seventy-one grand-
children. All his children lived to be about
ninety years of age, and some to even a greater
age. They were: Betsy, Ann, John, Ambrose,
Deborah. Jane, Jonathan, Roland, Dorcas, James,
Reuben, Lydia, Lemuel and Lucy.

HISTORY OF MAINE

James Hamilton, fifth son of Ambrose and
Deborah (Soule) Hamilton, was born on Che-
beague Island, and lived and died there. The
Christian name of his wife was Mary, and their
children were: James, Isaac, John, Mary, Benja-
min, Reuben, Simeon, Sarah, Eliza, Rebecca and
Sophronia.

Benjamin Hamilton, fourth son of James and
Mary Hamilton, was born September, 1811, on
Chebeague, and died there in 1844. He fol-
lowed the occupation of farmer and fisherman at
Chebeague, where he resided thirty-three years.
He married, in 1830, Eliza Ross, born 1812, in
Cumberland, daughter of John and Dorcas Ross.
Children: John R., Caroline A., Benjamin, Henry
O., Royal T.

Henry O. Hamilton, third son of Benjamin and
Eliza (Ross) Hamilton, was born November 7,
1843, at Chebeague, in whose schools he received
his education. He learned the trade of mason
and has been engaged all his life since that time
in structural masonry. He is a Republican in
politics, a member of the Methodist Episcopal
church, and resides on Great Chebeague Island.
He married, in January, 1864, Margery E. Jew-
ett, born September 5, 1846, in Westport, daugh-
ter of John G. and Elizabeth Jewett, of that town.
John G. Jewett was born February 14, 1819, in
Westport, and died there February 12, 1848. He
married Elizabeth Reed, born September 16,
1812, at Boothbay, Maine, and they were the par-
ents of two children: Margery E. and Amasa.
Henry O. and Margery E. (Jewett) Hamilton are
the parents of three children: Helen J., who mar-
ried Reuben H. Cleaves; Fred. G., mentioned be-
low; and Harry (Henry) B., married Gertrude
Crockett.

Fred G. Hamilton was born February 22, 1868,
on Great Chebeague Island, where his early years
were spent, and where he attended the public
schools, was later a student of the public schools
of Cumberland, the high school of Chebeague
and Gray's Business College in Portland. At the
age of twenty years he began his business life in
Portland as assistant bookkeeper of the C. M.
Rice Paper Company. He was industrious, cap-
able and faithful, and in time won promotion to
the position of bookkeeper, and since 1898 has
held an interest in the business. He is a capable
business man and his energy, enterprise and sta-
bility of character have contributed to the growth
and progress of the establishment. Naturally he
became popular, and because of his interest in the
progress of affairs was soon called to the public
service. As a sincere Republican he has en-

deavored to promote the interests of his party
and its principles, and in 1904 was elected an al-
derman of South Portland, where his residence
has been maintained since 1891. In 1908 and 1909
he was elected mayor. Mr. Hamilton is also ac-
tive in the support of church work, and with his
family acts with the People's Methodist Episcopal
Church of South Portland. With broad mind and
sympathetic nature, he early affiliated with the great
fraternity of Free Masons, in which he has at-
tained the thirty-second degree, affiliating with
the following bodies of the order: Hiram Lodge,
No. 180, of South Portland, of which he is a past
i.iaster; Greenleaf Chapter, No. 13, Royal Arch
}.Iasons, of which he is a past high priest; Port-
land Council, No. I, Royal and Select Masters, of
which he is a past thrice illustrious master: Port-
land Commandery, No. 2, Knights Templar, of
which he is a past commander; and Maine Consis-
tory, Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret. He is
also a member of Forest City Castle Lodge, No.
22, Knights of the Golden Eagle, and the United
Order of the Golden Cross, Gorges Commandery,
No. 313.

Mr. Hamilton married, in South Portland, Sep-
tember 23, 1891, Evelyn Frances Campbell, born
March 26, 1867, in South Portland, daughter of
Alexander and Harriet Elizabeth (York) Camp-
bell. Alexander Campbell, deceased, was the son
of Alexander and Elizabeth (Beal) Campbell, of
Bowdoin. Harriet E. York was the daughter of
Charles and Eleanor (Goodrich) York, of Yar-
mouth. Children of Fred G. and Evelyn F.
(Campbell) Hamilton: Philip C, born January
19, 1896; Marguerite E., January 21, 1899; Fred-
erick R., August 17, 1902.

EDWIN ALBERT PORTER— In the village
of East Dixmont, Maine, no family can claim bet-
ter descent than the Porter family. For gene-
rations they have owned and tilled the land upon
which they lived, bringing up their children to be
God-fearing, educated members of the community
in which their lives have been placed. One of
these was Edwin Albert Porter, son of Albert
Obear and Susan Trask (Farnham) Porter.

Edwin A. Porter was born February i, 1856,
on his father's farm in Dixmont. The parents of
the child were most desirous that he be given
every opportunity to gain an education, sending
him first to the common school in the town and
later to the high school. Then he was sent to
the Maine Central Institute at Pittsfield for a year
and a half. After this for a time he had a some-
what varied career, teaching school during the

BIOGRAPHICAL

winter months of 1874 and 1875, and acting as
salesman in the store of Wood, Bishop & Com-
pany, stoves, tin and hardware, from April i, 1876,
to April I. 1877. About this time he decided to study
medicine, so passing the necessary matriculation ex-
aminations the embryo Aesculapius was enrolled as a
student in the medical department of the University
of Vermont, teaching in the common schools dur-
ing the next three winters and attending lec-
tures at the university and studying hard during
the remainder of the time. All this meant con-
centrated application, but no man with such an
ideal before him considers the sacrifices he is
making. Wishing for a more metropolitan op-
portunity the young man became a student in the
school of medicine of the University of New
York, from which he graduated in March, 1881-
Happj' indeed and proud is the man who receives
from his alma mater the hard-won roll of sheep-
skin which entitles him to write the magic let-
ters M.D. after his name. Edwin Albert Porter,
M.D., began the practice of medicine in Liberty,
Maine, devoting his life to the finest of all pro-
fessions, and there he practiced for fourteen and a
half years. On February 13. 1896, he moved to
Pittsfield, Maine, that his children might have
better schooling opportunities, and has been in
active practice there for the past twenty-three
years.

Dr. Porter was chosen many times to fill local
offices as a Republican; at one time on the town
school committee; at another to act on the Re-
publican town committee. He was also medical
examiner on the United States pension board at
Skowhegan, Maine, for the years from igog to
1913 inclusive. In Free Masonry Dr. Porter
ranks very high, having gone through all of the
York Rite; having held all the offices in the Blue
Lodge and the Royal Arch Chapter; was senior
grand warden in the Grand Lodge of Maine in
1902; was grand king in 1905, deputy grand high
priest in 1906, and grand high priest in 1907 in the
Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Maine. At the
present time, 1919, Dr. Porter is secretary of
Meridian Lodge, No. 125, Free and Accepted Ma-
sons, of Pittsfield, Maine, and generalissimo in
St. Omer Commandery, No. 12, at Waterville,
Maine. He is not only interested in Masonry, but
has held the various offices in the subordinate
lodge and encampment of the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, as well as the chairs in the An-
cient Order of United Workmen. He is also a
club man, being enrolled in the Waterville Ma-
sonic Club. In addition to all these interests he
is a member of the Free Baptist church, being
superintendent of the Free Baptist Sunday

school for the past ten years, also for many years
was chorister of the Free Baptist church choir.

Edwin .\lbert Porter, M.D., married at Ply-
mouth, Maine, June 30, 1881, Amorette L. Em-
cry, born in Monroe, Maine, June 21, 1858. She
was the daughter of Nahum Emery, a farmer,
and his wife, Maria (Dodge) Emery. Dr. and
Mrs. Porter have two children: Alinnie, born May
27, 1882, in Liberty, A'laine; and Amorette, born
May 26, 1887, in Liberty. The parents have every
reason to be proud of their children, as both are
unusually gifted and successful. The elder was
educated in the town school and Maine Central
Institute, Pittsfield, where the father and mother
had both been pupils many years before. She
studied stenography and typewriting in Water-
ville, and is now librarian in the Public Library
at Pittsfield. The younger daughter was a student
at Maine Central Institute also, graduating from
it to enter Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, of
which she is an alumna. She was a teacher of
English for one year in Foxcroft Academy and
for two years taught English in Maine Central
Institute. During the third year there she taught
Greek and Latin. Miss Porter is at present a
missionary in Balasore, India, having spent tbe
last five years there. Dr. Edwin Albert Porter
and his wife are living at the present time in
Pittsfield, Maine.

In the matter of ancestry Dr. Porter may be
justly proud. His father, Albert Obear Porter,
born May 11, 1833, in Dixmont, was a farmer by
occupation, a Calvinist Baptist in religion, and a
Republican in politics. He was the son of Joshua
Porter and his wife, Jane (Whitney) Porter.
Like Albert O., he also was born in Dixmont,
October 13, 1801, being a farmer, a member of the
Calvinist Baptist Church, and a Republican.
Jane (Whitney) Porter, his wife, died in 1857,
aged forty-five. Besides the son Albert Obear,
they had another child, Benjamin Franklin Por-
ter. Joshua Porter died August 7, 1889. His
parents were Isaiah and Nancy (Harmon) Por-
ter. On his mother's side Dr. Porter is descended
from the Farnham family, she being before her
marriage Susan Trask Farnham, born in Jeffer-
son, Maine, i\ugust 15, 1837, the daughter of Rev.
Daniel Farnham, a Calvinist Baptist clergyman,
and his wife, Mary (McCurdy) Farnham, who
died at the age of ninety-one. Albert Obear Por-
ter married Susan Trask Farnham, December 17,
1854. The Farnhams trace their family back to
Ralph Farnham, who was born in 1756 and died
in 1861, at the age of one hundred and five
vears.

HISTORY OF MAINE

MORRIS McDonald— The admirable yield

of intelligent initiative in this country includes the
names of men from the State of Maine and In-
diana, which have contributed v.orthy citizens of
letters, business, science and art. Both of these
states may claim Mr. Morris McDonald, one by
right of his residence there and the other by
right of his birthplace, and be proud to do so be-
cause of his intelligent and creative response to a
well begun training, which has made him success-
ful in the railroad and business world.

Morris McDonald was born August 20. 1863, in
New Albany, Indiana, the son of Morris and Sarah
A. McDonald. His father, who was a prominent
merchant there, was associated with a number of
dififerent corporations and banks, and was for a
period covering several terms mayor of the city.
Morris McDonald, Jr., spent his boyhood in New
Albany, where he attended the public schools and
was graduated from the high school. In 1883, he
began work in the engineering corps of the Ken-
tucky & Ii-diana Bridge Company. In 1885, he came
under the employ of the Louisville, Evansville &
St. Louis Railroad, where his resolute purpose and
determined persistency caused him to be rapidly ad-
vanced from paymaster to assistant treasurer, to
chief clerk, to trainmaster, and to superintendent
of transportation. He remained with this company
until 1892, follov.-ing which time he became asso-
ciated with the Central Railroad of Georgia, with
headquarters at Savanah, Georgia. In 1896, he ac-
cepted an oflfer from the Maine Central Railroad
Company, as secretary to the vice-president and
general manager, and became general superintendent
of that system in 1897. From 1908 to 1913, he served
as vice-president and general manager, and at the
latter date was made president of that road. The
same year he was also elected president of the Bos-
ton & Maine Railroad, which position he held until
August, 1914. He is president of the Portland
Terminal Company ; the Bridgton & Saco River Rail-
road ; the Sandy & Rangeley Lakes Railroad ; and
the Ricker Hotel Company, of Portland. His affilia-
tions with these corporations bespeak the value of
his work in the railroad and business world, .\niong
the clubs of Portland and elsewhere of which Mr.
McDonald is a member are the Cumberland of Port-
land, the Country Club of Portland, the Algonquin
Club of Boston, Massachusetts, and the Bankers'
Club of New York Citv.

CHARLES AVERILL PLUMMER — The

Plummer family, which was founded in America
at Newbury, State of Massachusetts, in the early

Colonial period, was of English origin, the name
being conspicuous in England since the period of
the Baron's wars. The Plummers of the United
State?, which now include branches of the original
family in many different parts of the country, are
all descended from the original immigrant ancestor,
Francis Plummer, whose descendants removed
from their original New England home and settled
in such widely separated communities as the two
Carolinas, Georgia. Maryland, Pennsylvania, Mis-
sissippi, and also Maine, New Hampshire, and the
other New England States. The coat of arms of
the Plummer family is as follows :

Arms — Azure, on a chevron wavy between three
lions' heads erased or, guttee de sang, as many
mullets of the field.

Crest — A demi-lion argent, holding in its dexter
paw a branch of pahn proper.

Motto — Consulto et audacter.

(I) Francis Plummer, the founder of the Amer-
ican family, v.'as born in England in the year 1594,
and came either from Woolwich, in that country,
or Wales, about 1633, a"d settled at Newbury in
1635. The two intervening years were spent by
him in Boston, where he took the oath of freeman.
May 14, 1634. He was a descendant of the ancient
English family, and was a man of some prominence
in the colony of Newbury. The land upon which
he settled, and where his death occurred in the
year 1673, is still in the possession of his descend-
ants, now of the eighth generation. He marri'ed

(first) Ruth , who died August 18, 1647;

(second) March 31, 1648-49, Ann Palmer, died
October 18, 1665; (third) November 29, 1666,
Beatrice, widow of William Cantlebury, of Salem,
Massachusetts. Francis Plummer was the father of
four children, all born to his first wife, as follows:
Samuel, mentioned below ; Joseph, born in 1630,
married Sarah Cheney; Hannah, born in 1632, mar-
ried. May 3, 1653, Samuel Moores; Mary, born in
1634. married. May 20, 1660, John Cheney, and
settled on the north side of Parker river.

(II) Samuel Plummer, eldest son of Francis and
Ruth Plummer, was born in the year 1619, and
died in 1702. He married, about 1646, Mary Bid-
field, and they were the parents of the following
children: i. Samuel, born April 20, 1647, married
Joanna Woodbury. 2. Mary, born February 3,
1650, married, December 6, 1670, John Swett.
3. John, born May 3, 1632, was killed at Bloody
Creek while serving against the Indians with Cap-
tain Lathrop, September 8, 1675. 4. Ephraim, born
September 16. 1655, married Hannah Jaques. 5.
Hannah, born February 16, 1657, married David
Bacheldor. 6. Sylvanus, mentioned below. 7. Ruth,
born August 7, 1660, married. January 18, T682,

AD , vK , \\a\/wvvvvju^

BIOGRAPPIICAL

Richard Jaqiies. 8. Elizabeth, born October 19,
1062, married, June 26, 1682, Richard Jacqman.
o. Deborah, born March 16, 1665, married. May
13, 1684, Stephen Jaques. 10. Josiah, born July 2,
i6f;S, married, November 16, 1699, Elizabeth Dole.

11. Lydia, a twin of Josiah, married Joseph Mors.

12. Bathshua, born July 31, 1670, died in early
youth.

(III) Sylvanus Plummer, fourth son and sixth
child of Samuel and Mary (Bidfield) Plummer,
was born February 22, 1658. He married, January
18, 1682, Sarah Moody. They were the parents
of the following children: i. Mary, born October
22, 1683. 2. Samuel, born November 12, 1684, died
August 2, 1685. 3. Samuel, mentioned below.

4. Lydia, married, May 18, 1717, Timothy Noyes.

5. Sarah, married Titcomb. 6. Benjamin,

married, in 1720, Keziah Storcr.

(IV) Samuel (2) Plummer, third child and
second son of Sylvanus and Sarah (Moody)
Plummer, was born in the year 1686. He mar-
ried, August I, 1717, Hannah Woodman. They
were the parents of the following children: I.
Abigail, born February 7, 1718, married, in 1744,
James Bailey. 2. Sylvanus, born April 13, 1720,
married, December 7, 1749, Rebecca Plummer. 3.
Samuel, born January 14, 1722, married Mary
Dole. 4. Mary, born November 26, 1723, mar-
ried Daniel Barbour. 5. ' Hannah, born October
25, 1725, married, November 27, 1753, John Chase.

6. Sarah, born March 30, 1727, married, March 6,
1746, John Dole. 7. Elizabeth, born May lO,
1729, married Thomas Merritt. 8. Jonathan, born
April 9, 1731, married, November 27, 1760, Abigail
Greenleaf. 9. Anna, born December 6, 1734,
married Isaac Pearson. 10. Joseph, born De-
cember 25, 1735, married, in 1776, Mary Foster,
and died September 30, 1812. 11. Eunice, born
June 5, 1738, married June 30, 1771, William Alex-
ander. 12. Moses, mentioned below.

(V) Moses Plummer, youngest child of Sam-
uel (2) and Hannah (Woodman) Plummer, was
born August 6, 1740. As a young man he came
to Falmouth, the original name of Portland.
Maine, and purchased the property on the corner
of King (now- India) and Fore streets. This
was burnt by the British, October 18, 1776, and
rebuilt in 1784. Moses Plummer was a dealer in
shoes and leather. He died October 17, 1824.
He married, September 9, 1765, at Boston,
Esther Hersey, of the same place, who died July
29, 1815, and they were the parents of the fol-
lowing children: i. Dorcas, born June 20, 1766,
married Asa Fickett. 2. Hannah, born Septem-
ber 29, 1767, married Theophilus Boynton. 3.

Samuel, born June 28, 1769, died July 23, 1769.
4. Joseph, born September 10. 1770, died Septem-
ber 27, 1770. 5. Moses, born January 3, 1772,
married Abigail Smith. 6. William, mentioned
below. 7. John, born November iS, 1778, mar-
ried Eleanor Haskell. 8. Samuel, born March
2, 17S2, died October 13, 1782.

(VI) William Plummer, sixth child and fourth
son of jMoscs and Esther (Hersey) Plummer,
was born November 17, 1774, at Falmouth, Maine,
and died February I, 1808. He -was a blacksmith
in Portland. He married, April 12, 1798, Mar-
garet Morrill. They were the parents of the fol-
lowing children: William, mentioned below. 2.
Esther, married John Thomas. 3. Margaret,
married William Coffin.

(VII) William (2) Plummer, son of William
(l) and Margaret (Morrill) Plummer, was born
February 5, 1801. He married, April 20, 1824,
Abigail Tobin, of Gorham, Maine, where she
was born October 2, 1800. They were the par-
ents of the following children: i. Sarah Tobin,
born November 14, 1824, died March 28, 1827.

2. Mary Crockett, born June 17, 1826, married
Thomas Osborn, and died September 3, 1870.

3. Charles Moulton, mentioned below. 4. Ellen
Aloulton, born January 9, 1837, became the wife
of Charles H. Fickett. 5. Esther, born February
23, 1839, died September 11, 1839. 6. Hiram
Tobin, mentioned below. 7. Esther Thomas,
born March 16, 1843, married Joseph H. Steele.

(VIII) Charles Moulton Plummer, third child
and oldest son of William (2) and Abigail
(Tobin) Plummer, was born March II, 1828, at
the old family homestead on India street, Port-
land. His childhood was passed in his native
place, and his education obtained at the local
public schools, which he attended until he had
completed the grammar grades. His father had
established a plumbing, heating and gas fitting
business in Portland many years before, and
when he had completed his studies he entered
this establishment and there learned the details
of tlie work. He was an apt pupil and v^as soon
capable of giving the elder man material aid,
and with the latter's gradual withdrawal from ac-
tive life the management of the concern devolved
more and more upon the young man's shoulders,
a responsibility that he quickly proved himself
quite capable of handling. Under the manage-
ment of Mr. Plummer, the business rapidly 'grew
to great proportions and in the course of time
became one of the largest and most successful
concerns of its kind in the United States. Mr.
Plummer during his business career handled

HISTORY OF MAINE

many contracts for the equipment of the largest
and most important buildings in Portland and
also did a large business in adjacent regions.
One of his most successful undertakings was that
in which he was associated with Mr. George P.
Wescott, in the installation of the plant of the
Portland Water Company. A number of cap-
italists from Haverhill had already attempted to
accomplish this difficult matter and failed, but
Mr. Plummer was entirely successful in his ef-
fort and still further increased his already great
reputation as a man of high resourcefulness and
ability. He was also one of the prime movers
in the building of the Portland and Rochester
Railroad and was associated with a number of
other prominent enterprises in this section of
the country. In the management of the great
business his brother, Hiram T. Plummer, who is
mentioned elsewhere in this sketch, was a part-
ner, and the firm was known as C. M. & H. T.
Plummer, with Charles Moulton Plummer as
president. Later he admitted his son, Charles
Averill Plummer, who is mentioned elsewhere
in this sketch, into the concern. In politics Mr.
Plummer was a staunch supporter of the prin-
ciples and policies of the Republican party, but,
although he was keenly interested in all public
issues, whether local or national, he was quite
without personal ambition in the matter and
never took an active part in public aflfairs.

On June i8, 1848, at Saco, Maine, Charles
Moulton Plummer was united in marriage with
Miranda Snow Ridlou, a native of that place,
and a daughter of Charles and Mehitable (Snovi')
Ridlou. They were the parents of the follow-
ing children: i. Mary Isabel, born June 15,
1849. 2. William, born July 2, 1851, died No-
vember I, 1851. 3. Charles Averill, mentioned
below. 4. Minnie Snow, adopted, born December
19, 1 866.

Charles Moulton Plummer deserves a place
among the successful business men whose ca-
reers have contributed to the growth of the ma-
terial interest of the State of Maine. Of this
distinguished group he was a prominent figure,
a man whose achievements were not only the
instruments of his personal success, but an in-
tegral part of the life of the community and one
of the most important factors in the upbuilding
of the prosperity of this region of the State.
Mr. Plummer's death removed from the city of
Portland one who had reached a place high in
the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens, and
one who throughout a long life had always at-
tained the highest standard of ethics in his busi-

ness as in every other relation with his fellows.
He had reached the ripe old age of seventy-six
years when his death occurred, August 16, 1904,
yet so entirely had he retained his mental powers,
as well as a certain fresh and youthful out-
look upon life, that his friends and associates
found his demise a matter for surprise as well
as grief, as that of one whose work was yet
in the being and for whom the future held out
still other opportunities for achievement. Mr.
Plummer resided for many years in the family
homestead where he was born, but later removed
to the property on which had stood the old
Swan House, which had been destroyed in t'le
great fire of Portland, but which he immediately
rebuilt. From this property which stood on
Middle street he finally removed to a house at
No. 10 Deering street, where he continued to
make his home until the close of his life. He
was a man of very strong domestic instincts and
unusually powerful aflfections for those with
whom he was intimately related. There was an
especially strong affinity between him and his
brother. Hiram T. Plummer, and it is thought
that the latter's death in Arizona, December 25,
1902, greatly hastened Mr. Plummer's own end.
The energy and force of Mr. Plummer's character
have already been commented upon, and these
qualities he truly possessed in a marked degree.
His business acumen was also of the highest
type, and there were many other sides to his
character which, though less conspicuous, were
equally worthy of praise. He was a man of very
broad sympathy, to whom the misfortunes of
others made a strong appeal, and though his
charities were unostentatious, they were none the
less large. His many activities, based as they
were upon the best and most disinterested mo-
tives, were a valuable factor in the life of Port-
land, and particularly in the matter of its busi-
ness development. His sterling good qualities
were very generally recognized, his honor, can-
dor, and the democratic attitude which he held
towards all men won for him an enviable repu-
tation, and the admiration and affection of a host
of friends. The uniform happiness of his fam-
ily relations and his life generally were the
merited result of his own strong and fine per-
sonality.

(VIII) Hiram Tobin Plummer, si.xth child and
second son of William (2) and Abigail (Tobin)
Plummer, was born July 26, 1840. His child-
hood was passed in his native city of Portland,
and upon reaching man's estate he became asso-
ciated with his brother, Charles Moulton Plum-

BIOGRAPHICAL

mer, in the conduct in his large contracting
business. Mr. Plummer's health, however, suf-
fered a serious failure and he went West to
Arizona, where his death occurred December 25,
1902. He married, March 6, 1870, Louisa Sturgis
Drew, who was born November 25, 1837, and they
were the parents of two children, as follows: 1.
Edna Mabel, born December 14, 1872. 2. John
Mussey, born July 3, 1875.

(IX) Charles AveriU Plummer, third child and
second son of Charles Moulton and Miranda
Snow (Ridlou) Plummer, was born March 20,
1856, and died at Portland, Maine, January 14,
1919, where for a number of years he had been
in active management and the president of the
great plumbing and contracting concern of C. M.
& H. T. Plummer, founded nearly a century ago
by his grandfather. As a lad he attended the
local public school and later became a student
at the Westbrook Seminary. Upon completing
his studies at the latter institution he entered the
establishment of his father, and there worked in
a clerical capacity for a number of years. This
old firm, which was engaged in the plumbing,
heating and gas fitting business, was established
about ninety years ago by William Plummer,
who began business on a small scale, but through
patient, industrious work and good business judg-
ment gradually built up a prosperous concern.
Under the management of its next head,
Charles Moulton Plummer, this development was
carried on with increased rapidity until the com-
pany had grown to be one of the strongest of
its kind in the United States. It was during
the period of rapid growth that Charles Averill
Plummer was employed as a clerk in its office,
and there he quickly gained a wide knowledge of
the particular trade as well as of business meth-
ods generally. After a few years thus spent he
was admitted into partnership by his father, and
from that time on gradually assumed a greater
and greater share of the responsibility in the con-
cern's management. His father and uncle,
Hiram T. Plummer, who were at the head of the
business, died, the latter in 1902, and the former
in 1904, and the management of the entire estab-
lishment fell upon the young man's shoulders.
From that time until the close of his life Mr.
Plummer was its active head, holding the double
oflfice of president and treasurer, and showing
himself the worthy successor to his predecessors.
Under his leadership the company was reor-
ganized, a new and larger building erected for its
accommodation, and it was started upon a new
career of growth and expansion. Throughout

his active career Mr. Plunmier mingled with his
personal success a broad-minded and commend-
able public spirit that prevented him from ever
embarking upon an enterprise likely to prove to
the detriment of the community, and which won
for him the warm and admiring praise of his
fellow citizens. He kept the welfare of the com-
munity continually at heart and one of his great-
est ambitions was the establishment of a plant
which would insure the purification of the waters
of Lake Sebago, from which Portland draws its
water supply.

Mr. Plummer was a member of the Portland
Board of Trade and in that and other capacities
took an active part in promoting the general
welfare of the city, particularly in its material'
aspect. In addition to the conduct of his own
great business he was a director of the United
States Trust Company of Portland, and was also
interested in other business and financial enter-
prises. He was a Republican in politics, but al-
though deeply interested in the issues of the day
was quite without personal ambition, and with
the exception of his candidacy as trustee of tin-
Water District avoided rather than sought polit-
ical preferment. He was, however, active in
local military affairs, was a member of Portland
Mechanic Blues, and served as quartermaster on
the staff of Colonel John Marshall Brown, com-
manding officer of First Regiment Infantry,
Maine National Guard. He was also alTiliated
with the Lodge and Encampment of the Inde-
pendent Order of Odd Fellows, the Portland
Athletic Club, also Portland Yacht Club, and the
Old Gymnasium. In his religious belief Mr.
Plummer was a LTniversalist, and attended the
Congress Square Church of that denomination.

Charles Averill Plummer was united in mar-
riage, October 16, 1878, at Portland, with Mary
Rosabel Brackett, a native of Portland, and a
daughter of Seth Higgins Brackett (who is men-
tioned at length below) and Elizabeth Ann
(Libby) Brackett, his wife. To Mr. and Mrs.
Plummer one child was born, Alarion Snow, who
became the wife of Clift'ord Coburn Emerson, of
Boston. Three children have been born to Mr.
and Mrs. Emerson, as follows: Charles, Alden
Clifford and Mary Rosabel. Mrs. Charles A.
Plummer is a delightful and entertaining hostess
and a devoted mother. The married life of her
husband and herself was an ideal one and their
home. No. 148 State street, Portland, enjoyed an
enviable reputation for open-handed hospiU.lii , ,
which was typical of the old school New Eng-
land families.

HISTORY OF MAINE

Charles Averill Plunnner was a typical man of
business of the kind that has made New England
famous and has placed this region so high aniong
the industrial centers of the world. He should
not be classed with the type that is becoming
more and more dominant in contemporary busi-
ness life, whose interests in their own achieve-
ments are so strong that they forget the general
welfare of the community, but with that more
gracious type that appear unfortunately to be
growing less, v/hose operations never dulled their
public spirit and who aimed at the advancement
of the entire community quite as much as their
own. He was the kind of man at whom the
community can and does point with gratitude and
admiration for the benefits v/hich his activities
have conferred on it. Not less conspicuous than
these semi-public virtues were his private ones,
which rendered him a beloved husband, father
and friend, and won him a host of companions
with whom his relations were of the warmest and
most cordial. Through the many years which
he and his wife have been conspicuous figures
in the social life of the community, they have
stood as types of cultivation and refinement as
well as of those more fundamental and homely
virtues that form the only stable foundation of
domestic life.

SETH HIGGINS BRACKETT, for many
years a successful business man of Portland,
Maine, and proprietor of the celebrated Peak's
Island House on the island of that name, was
until his death, November lo, 1877, a member of
one of the oldest families in New England, which
has been identified with the affairs of this State
since the early period of its history. The coat-
of-arms of the Bracket! family is as follows:

(I) The Brackett family was founded in .\mer-
ica by one Anthony Brackett, who according to
tradition, may have been a Scotchman, but there
is evidence also that he may have come from
England, according to early records, as shown
in the Brackett genealogy. He located at the
mouth of the Piscataqua river, where it empties
into the ocean and which now divides New
Hampshire and Maine. He came in company
with the Scot, David Thompson, as early as 1623.
He is supposed to have made his home prior to
1649 in the vicinity of Little Harbor and the
"Piscatawa" House on what is known as Odi-
ornc's Point, and after that date is known to
have resided about a mile south of the Harbor,

west of Sandy Beach on Salt Water Brook, on
Brackett Lane, now Brackett Road. He was the
recipient of several grants of land in the com-
munity, and was the purchaser of other tracts,
so that he became a large land owner and one
of the wealth^' members of the colony. He was
also active in public affairs, and held a number
of offices in the gift of his fellow citizens. Pie
was an Episcopalian in his religion, and was re-
markable for his charity and public spirit. He
married, about 1635, but the name of his wiff:
is not known. His children were as follows:
Anthony, Eleanor, Thomas, mentioned below;
Jane and John. Anthony Brackett met his
death at the hands of the Indians.

(II) Thomas Brackett, son of Anthony
Brackett, was born about 1635, near Sandy Beach,
then a part of Strawberry Bank, Portsmouth,
New Hampshire, and now a part of the town of
Rye. He removed from that place to Casco,
now Portland, Maine, shortly after 1662. He
became very prominent in the community, served
in a number of public posts, and was a success-
ful and active merchant. Like his father he met
his death at the hands of Indians, .A.ugust 11.
1676, who captured his wife and children and car-
ried them away in captivity. This was, however,
while his father was still living and the latter
subsequently ransomed his son's wife and chil-
dren. Thomas Brackett married Mary Milton,
daughter of Michael and Elizabeth (Cleeves)
Milton, and they were the parents of the fol-
lowing children: Josiah, mentioned below; Sarah;
(Samuel probably) and Mary.

(III) Lieutenant Josiah Brackett, eldest child
of Thomas and Mary (Milton) Brackett, was
born at Falmouth, now Portland, Maine. He
was left an orphan at an early age by the slay-
ing of his father by the Indians and the deat'-
of his mother, while a captive in their hands. He
was himself a prisoner of the Indians until re-
deemed by his grandfather, with whom he made
his home for some time thereafter. The destruc-
tion of his father's property and other damages
done by the savages left him in a state of pov-
erty, yet so energetic was he and so excellent
was his judgment that he eventually became one
of the wealthiest and most influential citizens of
the province. When the trouble with the Indians
began in 1688 he joined his uncle, Anthony
Brackett, and was with him when he fell in bat-
tle. He took part in most of the fighting, that
lasted in all somewhat more than a quarter of
a century, and was chosen the leader of the mili-
tary band witii the commission of lieutenant. He

^^ /(>,^/L.^<^.J^-.X€Z

BIOGRAPHICAL

was probably engaged in the coast trade and the
lumber business, and was the owner of several
saw mills in various places. He was a large
land owner, and became the possessor of Peak's
Island and other tracts originally forming parts
of the Milton estate. He was also very promi-
nent in the public affairs of the colony, and was
universally regarded with respect and admira-
tion. From an inscription on his gravestone we
learn that he died June 19, 1749, at the age of
seventy-seven years. He married Mary Weeks,
a daughter of Leonard and Mary (Haines)
Weeks, and tlicy were the parents of the follow-
ing children: John, Josiah, Thomas, Samuel, An-
thony, mentioned below; Mary, who died in in-
fancy; Abigail, Eleanor, Jane. Mary, Keziah,
Margaret and Nathaniel.

(IV) Anthony (2) Brackett, fifth son of Lieu-
tenant Josiah and Mary (Weeks) Brackett, was
born January 25, 1708, at Greenland, New Hamp-
shire. He came to Maine when eleven years of
age, and made his home at Falmouth. He and
his brother Josiah took possession of a large
tract of land claimed by their father on "the
Neck" and this they divided between them, each
taking a portioin for his own. Anthony
Brackett, besides this property, also owned the
greater and more valuable portion of Peak's
Island, and was thus one of the largest landed
proprietors in the entire region. He was promi-
nent in the business and social affairs of Fal-
mouth or Portland, and his house was built at
the corner of Danforth and Brackett streets
there. His death occurred September 10, 1784,
at the age of seventy-seven years. Anthony
Brackett married (first) February 14, 1734, Sarah
Knight; (second) in 1756, Karen Happuck Hicks.
By the first union six children were born, as fol-
lows: John, Sarah, Thomas, mentioned below;
James, Elizabeth and Anthony. The following
children were born of the second union: Meri-
bah, Josiah, Keziah, Samuel and Nathaniel.

(V) Thomas (2) Brackett, son of Anthony (2)
and Sarah (ICnight) Brackett, was born in May,
1744, at Falmouth and died December 13, 1815.
He inherited from his father much valuable prop-
erty in and about Portland, including a large
proportion of the Peak's Island tract, where he
made his home, probably from before the Revo-
lution to the close of his life. When Thomas
Brackett first went to that place, there were but
tliree houses on the entire island, and when, on
October 16, 1775, Captain Henry Mowatt, with
the British fleet, anchored in Hog's Roads, it
was in sight of Mr. Brackett's house. Thomas

Brackett married, December 9, 1762, Jane Hall,
born in 1740, died May 10, 1810, a daughter of
Cornelius and Elizabeth (White) Hall, 01
Chcrryfield. . They were the parents of the fol-
lowing children: John, mentioned below; Eliza-
beth, Sally, Patience and ^lary.

(VI) John Brackett, eldest son of Thomas (2)
and Jane (Hall) Brackett, was born at Falmouth,
January 12, 1764. His father gave him two hun-
dred and sixty acres of land on Peak's Island,
well stocked with cattle, etc., and there, in 1796
he erected a large two-story house, now the
Peak's Island House. He was interested in a
number of enterprises and one of his principal
occupations was the curing of fish for the West
India market. He married. May 7, 1789, Lucy
Snow, born in 1767, died June 14, 1842, daughter
of Major David Snow, of Orleans, Massachu-
setts, a soldier in the Revolutionary War.

(VII) John (2) Brackett, son of John (i) and
Lucy (Snow) Brackett, and father of Seth Hig-
gins Brackett, was born January 2, 1794, at
Peak's Island, and at an early age went to sea.
He became a master of a vessel engaged in the
coast trade out of Portland, and for many years
followed this life. He married, June 10, 1817,
Mary Andrew Haddlock, born in 1800, died May
18, 1880, a daughter of Captain Samuel Had-
dlock, of Cranberry Island, Maine, who died ?ilay
21, 1859-

(VIII) Seth Higgins Brackett, son of John (2)
and Mary Andrew (Haddlock) Brackett, was
born July 31, 1818, on Cranberry Island, Maine,
and throughout his entire life was associated with
the interests and affairs of this region. Here
lie secured his education, and upon reaching ma-
turity engaged in several different lines of busi-
ness. He developed a large trade in paints and
oil and similiar material and was one of the suc-
cessful merchants of Portland. He also foresaw
the possibilities in the development of Peak's
Island, and set himself to the task of using the
natural advantages and resources of the place.
In 1853 he built about the old house of his grand-
father as a nucleus the Peak's Island House, the
first hostelry on the island, and this became a
very popular resort with those seeking the
beauties of the Maine coast during the summer
months. He also constructed a fine landing on
the south side of the island, and gradually or-
ganized a system of communication between this
point and Portland, until he had eventually a
regular line of steamers making the trip. He
was a very active man, and continually devolved
new ideas for the carrying out of his activities,

HISTORY OF MAINE

and showed considerable genius in the overcom-
ing of obstacles and difficulties. He always
maintained his keen interest in local affairs and
political issues, but although consistently p-::-
forming his duties as a citizen, he never tool: p.
more active part, and avoided, rather than sought,
anything in the nature of political office. He
was a Democrat in political faith, and for many
years was a staunch supporter of the principles
with which the name of that party is associated.
In his religious belief Mr. Brackett was a Bap-
tist, and attended for many years service at the
Fren Street Church of that denomination.

Seth Higgins Brackett was united in marriage,
September 7, 1833, at Portland, with Elizabeth
Ann Libby, born at Portland, a daughter of An-
drew and Elizabeth (Lakeman) Libby, and a
granddaughter on the maternal side of Nathaniel
and Elizabeth (Smith) Lakeman. Three chil-
dren were born to Mr. and Mrs. Brackett, as
follows: Caroline, vi'ho became the wife of Cap-
tain William H. Lang; George Albert, who
served in Company S, Twelfth Regiment, Maine
Volunteer Infantry, during the Civil War, mar-
ried Lizzie G. Clark; and Mary Rosabel, who be-
came the wife of Charles Averill Plummer, men-
tioned above.

Undoubtedly one of the strongest impulses
in tlie life of Mr. Brackett was his fondness for
his home and family. For these he had the
warmest affection and delighted to stay in the
former during his leisure hours. Not a little of
such time was spent by him in planning the hap-
piness and pleasure of the various members of
his household, and this warmness of hearth ex-
tended beyond his immediate family to a host
of good friends, whom his personal attractions
and virtues had gathered about him, so that there
were few pleasures he relished so greatly as that
of receiving a group of these about his hos-
pitable hearth, and indulge in the informal inter-
course of intimate friendship. The attractions
that won so many friends were by no means of
the surface only, but had their places in the
strong and sterling virtues of the typical New
England character, a fact well proven by the
firmness with which those friendships were re-
tained through a course of years. Integrity,
courage, and wisdom were all his, and he may
well stand as a model for the growing genera-
tion of the devoted husband and father, the
worthy citizen, the upright man.

man and Esther (Kinny) Tapley, his father l:aving
been a lumberman for many years and later a
farmer.

Norm.an Tapley was educated in the common
schools of his region and after finishing his school
courses, went into teaching and was occupied in
this profession for twelve years. He then settled
on his farm which comprised 200 acres and was oc-
cupied in improving and working it. A Republican
in his political afifiliations, he served as town select-
man for 35 years. For three years he was on the
board of trustees of the Aroostook Central Insti-
tute. He has always been keenly interested in all
matters pertaining to education and holds that the
whole future of the country is involved in its suc-
cess. Mt. Tapley has had oversight of the school
work from the time he became of age, acting as
supervisor for many years until poor health forced
him to resign all public work in 1917. As time
passed a village grew up around him, and the
necessity of a school was felt. The town would
not vote for this expense as the children could get
to a school at some distance, but this school was
in a crowded condition. Mr. Tapley bought a lot
in the village, erected a suitable building at his
own expense, then rented it to the town, thus get-
ting the much needed school started. The village
grev/ as the years passed and the demand for more
room and grade work was apparent. The town
was slow to see and act. Mr. Tapley again repeated
what he had done years before. He bought a lot
near the other school, put up another building and
placed the lower grades in this with another teacher.
These buildings are now a matter of pride to the
village of Robinson. In after years the town of
Blaine purchased this property of Mr. Tapley. Mr.
Tapley is a member of the Masonic Order, and is
also a member of the Grange.

He married at Blaine, Maine, February 25, 188.1.
Bethia M. Doherty, daughter of William H. and
Ann \Y. (Carvel) Doherty, the former of whom
served in Company C, First Battalion of Maine Vol-
unteers in the Civil War. Mr. and Mrs. Tapley
are the parents of the following children: i. Sher-
man A., bom January 10, 1890, and married March
26, 1913, Georgia A. McClellan, of Bloomfield, New
Brunswick, and has one child, Glena G. 2. Howard
S.. born July 12, 1898, and married December 7.
1918. Vivian E. Noble, of Blaine, Maine.

NORMAN TAPLEY, of Robinson, Maine, was
born October 16, 1855, in Blaine, the son of Sher-

ALFRED K. AMES, a well known figure in

the lumbering and political circles of his State, was
born in Machias, Maine, September d, 1866, son of
the Hon. John Keller Ames, State Senator, and of
Sarah (Albee) Sanborn Ames. The Ames family

CZ^c

-^ (2%

'^Y^-c^T-^'^-^^ ,

BIOGRAPHICAL

has been one of note in this country and was of
gentle origin in England. The escutcheon they bore
was: argent on a bend sable, three roses in a field.

(I) Captain Anthony Eames (as the name was
then spelled) was born in Dorsetshire, England,
about 1595. He came to America and settled in
Marshfield, Massachusetts, and there he died in
1686.

(II) Lieutenant Mark Eames, son of Captain An-
thony and Margorie Eames, was born in England
in 1620, and was brought by his parents while still
a young child to the colony. He also resided at
Marshfield, and died there in 1693.

(III) Jonathan Eames, son of Lieutenant Mark
and Elizabeth Eames, was born at Marshfield in
1655. and died there in 1724. He married Hannah
Trouant, of that town.

(IV) Jedediah Eames, son of Jonathan and Han-
nah (Trouant) Eames, was bom in Marshfield, in
1685. and died there in 1738. He married Mary,
daughter of Tobias Oakman.

(V) Jedediah (2) Eames. son of Jedediah (i)
and Mary (Oakman) Eames, was born in Marsh-
field, and married in 1752, Bertha Tilden.

(VI) Mark Eames, son of Jedediah (2) and
Bertha (Tilden) Eames, changed the spelling of
the name to Ames. He removed to North Haven,
Knox county, Maine, and took up a large tract of
land, and died there. He married Priscilla How-
land, and had eight children. Major-General Adel-
hert Ames, who was Governor of Mississippi, was
a great-grandson of Mark Ames, and like another
"down-east" man. Sergeant S. Prentiss, put New
England energy and driving power into that land
of cotton and canebrakes.

(VII) Isaac Ames, sixth son of Mark and Pris-
cilla (Howland) Ames, was born in North Haven,
July 6, 1784, and died March 10, 1854. He married
Abigail Clark, and their children were: Captain
Isaac, Captain Alfred, of further mention: Benja-
min, Priscilla, Charles, Warren, and Susan.

(VIII) Captain Alfred Ames, second son of
Isaac and Abigail (Clark) Ames, was born in North
Haven, September 7. 1809, and came to Machias
before 1836. He was one of the original founders"
of the Congregational church, donating twenty-five
dollars towards the erection of the building known
as the Union Meeting House. He followed the sea
and was master of a ship. He married Mary Kel-
ler, and their children were: John K., of whom
further; Benjamin Franklin, Napoleon Bonaparte,
Martin Van Buren, and Maria Louisa.

(IX) Hon. John K. Ames, oldest child of Cap-
tain Alfred and Mary (Keller) Ames, was born in

East Machias, November 2, 1831, and died March

22, igoi. He was a lumber operator on a large
scale, and a merchant. He was selectman for
thirty years, and chairman of the board of select-
men for half of that time; was a member of the
Maine Senate 1893 to 1897, and collector of the
port of Machias at the time of his death. He mar-
ried Sarah (Albee) Sanborn, and their children
were; i. Edwin G., who lives in Seattle, and is
manager of the Puget Lumber Company. 2. Anna
M., married Fred H. Peavey, and lives in Machias.
3. Julia P., married R. C. Fuller, of the Fuller Iron
Works, Providence. 4. Frank Sanborn. 5. Alfred
Keller, of further mention. 6. Lucy T., died Alarch
I, 1916.

(X) Captain Alfred K. Ames, yougest son of
Hon. John K. and Sarah (Albee-Sanborn) Ames,
was born at Machias, in 1866. After having passed
through the Machias High School he went to the
English and Classical School of Providence, and
then entered upon business life. He became a clerk
in the lumber firm of John K. Ames in 1886, and
remained with him until the business was taken
over by the Machias Lumber Company, of whicli
corporation he is now the general manager, and
vice-president, having been from the time of the
incorporation the secretary. He is a trustee of the
Atachias Savings Bank, and has served his com-
munity as a member of the Second Regiment of the
National Guard, in the capacity of captain of Com-
pany M, his commission having been given by Gov-
ernor John F. Hill. From this post Captain Ames
resigned in 1906. Captain Ames has served the
State, as his father did before him, as a State Sen-
ator, in IQI5-16, 1917-18, and has entered with the
beginning of igig upon his third term. He is a
Republican in political views, and is a Universalist
in religion. He is a member of the Masonic order,
being a member of Harwood Lodge, Ancient Free
and Accepted Masons, and is also a Knight Templar.

Mr. Ames married, at Calais, September 4, 1899.
Nellie E. Hill, daughter of J. Murray and Alma
(Gordon) Hill, and they have a son, John Keller
Ames, born May 20, 1907.

ETHER SHEPLEY-There is no name that
has been more closely identified with the af-
fairs of the State of Maine during the last two
generations than that of Shepley, borne as it was
by father and son, both of whom, as high pub-
lic officials, rendered incalculable services to their
State and Nation. Prior to the coming to
Maine of the Hon. Ether Shepley, the family had
resided in Massachusetts, where it was founded
in early Colonial times.
(I) The Shepleys were undoubtedly of Eng-

ICO

HISTORY OF MAINI

lish origin and first appear in this country in the
person of John Shepley, or Shipley, who was
the recipient of a grant of land at Salem in the
year 1637. He removed from that place some-
what later to Chelmsford in company with a Mr.
Fiske, who is believed to have been his partner.
He was the father of three children: John, men-
tioned below; Nathaniel and Lydia.

(H) John (2) Shepley, son of John (i) Shep-
ley, was born, apparently at Salem, in 1637, the
same year in which his father received a grant
of land there. He removed with his parents to
Chelmsford, but whether he remained there or
went on to Groton is not positively known.

(III) John (3) Shepley, or Sheple, as he
spelled his name, son of John (2) Shepley, was
born either at Chelmsford or Groton, Massa-
chusetts, and was of the latter place at least as
early as 1700, when a child of his is recorded
as born there. He is called Captain John Sheple
in the records and appears to have been repre-
sentative to the General Court of Massachusetts
for the six terms between 1716 and 1728, while in
1718 he was a member of the board of select-
men of Groton. He married Lydia , and

among their children was John, mentioned below.

(IV) John (4) Shepley, son of John (3) and
Lydia Shepley, or Sheple, was a resident of
Groton, and there married Abigail Green.

(V) John (5) Shepley, son of John (4) and
Abigail (Green) Shepley, and father of the Hon.
Ether Shepley, was born at Groton. He was
the orderly sergeant and clerk of a company of
volunteers in the Revolution, and was a promi-
nent man in the affairs of Groton, where he held
several town offices. He was by occupation a
farmer, and is said of him that he was exceed-
ingly fond of reading and a "man of general in-
formation." He married Mary (Gibson) Therlow,
the widow of Captain Therlow, of the Revolu-
tionary army, and a daughter of Deacon Gibson,
of Stowel. They were the parents of three
children: John; Ether, with whom we are espe-
cially concerned; and Stephen.

(VI) Ether Shepley, second son of John (5)
and Mary (Gibson-Therlow) Shepley, was born
November 2, 1789, at Groton, Massachusetts.
His rather unusual given name was taken from
the name of one of the villages of the Canaanites
given to Simeon — Joshua XIX :7, and in Hebrew
signifies "stone." The childhood of Ether Shep-
ley was spent in his native town, where he at-
tended the Groton Academy and studied under
Caleb Butler, a well known educator of the da\'.
There he was prepared for college and after-

wards matriculated at Dartmouth, from which
he was graduated with the class of 1811. Having
determined upon the law as a career, he entered
the office of Dudley Hubbard, a well known at-
torney of South Berwick, Maine, and there pur-
sued his studies for a time. Mr. Hubbard found
his new assistant a valuable one and desired him
to stay in his office, but young Mr. Shepley felt
that he should have a varied experience and left
him to enter in succession the offices of Zabdiel
B. Adams, of the Worcester county bar, and a
Solomon Strong at Hampshire. He completed
his studies and was admitted to the bar in July,
1814, after which he came immediately to Maine
and began his practice at Saco. He had greatly
profited by his experience in the several 01-
ces where he had worked while reading the law,
and had gained an amount of business experi-
ence not possessed by the average young man
beginning his practice, advantages which, coupled
to his own great ability, soon brought him into
prominence as one of the rising attorneys at the
bar of Maine. The first occasion upon which
Mr. Shepley became identified with public affairs
to any great extent was that of the proposed
separation of Maine from Massachusetts in 1819,
it having been a part of the older State until
that time. In the discussions which were en-
tered into he took a very prominent part and his
great legal knowledge made his counsel of high
value, to such an extent that he was elected to
represent Saco in the General Court during that
year. He was also elected a member of the con-
vention chosen to draw up the constitution of
the new State and played a conspicuous part in
the deliberations of that body. He was ap-
pointed United States attorney for the District
of Maine in 1821 as the successor to William P.
Preble, when that eminent jurist was placed upon
the Supreme Court of the State. This respon-
sible post he continued to hold until 1833, when
he was elected United States Senator from
Maine as successor to John Holmes. He was
a strong adherent to the policies of the Demo-
cratic party of that day and stoutly supported
President Jackson during his administration. It
was during the excited controversy concerning
the removal of deposits from the United States
Bank, that Mr. Shepley championed the Presi-
dent in his action and paid a great tribute to
Amos Kendall, the government's agent in the
matter, who happened to be one of his own
classmates at college. Mr. Shepley would prob-
ably have remained in the Senate during a long
period as he was still a comparatively young

BIOGRAPHICAL

101

man and one of great energy, but in September,
1836, a vacancy occurred in the Supreme Court
of the State for which his high legal abilities and
great learning made him the most fitting candi-
date. He was accordingly appointed an asso-
ciate justice of that court by Governor Dunlap,
and in 1848 became chief justice to succeed Chief
Justice Whitman, an appointment that received
the universal approval of the bench and bar of
Maine. He held this high office during the
seven years of the constitutional term, and then
retired from the bench, terminating a judicial
career which had done honor equally to himself
and the great Commonwealth which he so faith-
fully served. During that time he refused a
great number of offices tendered to him in con-
nection with the national government, for which
he was eminently qualified, but which would
have necessitated the giving up of his judicial
duties to which he was particularly devoted.
After his retirement from the bench in 1855 't
was the desire of Justice Shepley to remain in
private life, but he could not refuse to serve his
fellow citizens in the capacity to which he was
appointed by resolve of April i, 1856. This was
the special office of sole commissioner to re-
vise the public laws, an appointment which con-
tained in itself an expression of the highest con-
fidence and trust possible. Although there was
an instruction to complete his task by the fif-
teenth day of the following November, a condi^
tion that would have made it appear practically
impossible to most men, Justice Shepley cheer-
fully undertook it and actually accomplished it
in the time set, and accomplished it in a manner
that has given it a great and lasting value to
Maine. The results of his labors were published
in 1857 under the title of "Revised Statutes of
Maine." His death occurred at his Portland
home, January 14, 1877, in the eighty-eighth year
of his age.

The devotion of Justice Shepley to the law
was different in type from that of most men who
follow that exacting mistress. Doubtless the
majority of lawyers feel an interest in their great
profession, but very few there are who will not
put it aside for the sake of great opportunities
in the world of politics or business. To many,
indeed, it serves as but a stepping stone to
politics, which they take merely because it ap-
pears to lead there most directly. It was far
otherwise with Justice Shepley, who consistent-
ly put behind him any such temptation, if, in-
deed, it was a temptation to him at all. His
heart was single in its devotion and he would

seem to have cared more to succeed in his chosen
calling than for any other honor that the world
might offer. In another sense, too, this devotion
was of an unusual kind. Justice Shepley was as
jealous of the fair renown of his mistress as of
his own, and would never consent to turn her
powers to any purpose but the noblest. He was
possessed unquestionably of remarkable qualifica-
tions for the work he designed for himself, and
added to a naturally clear and comprehensive
mind the capacity for taking pains, which we
have heard on good authority to be synonymous
with genius. His powers of analysis were not-
able and he carried them to their limit in work-
ing out a case in detail. His forensic powers
were also great, although not showy, his elo-
quence being of that most effective kind that
springs from powerful convictions and not from
art. Personally he was a man of very powerful
character which was based on the fundamental
virtues of courage and sincerity. His home life
was an ideal one, and it may be truly said that
in all the relations of his life his conduct was
beyond reproach. In the course of an obituary
article on Justice Shepley, the late William Gould
wrote as follows:

Judge Shepley became a communicant of the Congre-
gational church at Saco in 1823. He removed from
Saco to Portland in 1837, and joined the communion
of the Stat.; Street Church, an-l was an exemplary
Clir:.stian to the t'roe of his death. For iiftv years
thire were n:> doubts in his mind as to h's Outy to his
CiiMtcr and lis fellowmen. Within a few years of his
death he wrote: "When strongly inclined to cast it
from me as a painful and loathsome subject, it seemed
to be mean and unworthy of a thinking man to avoid
a full and impartial investigation of his relations to
his Creator and to his fellow creatures and the manner
in which he fulfilled them. ... I desire to leave
my testimony that a life of devotion resting upon
repentance and faith in Christ is a life of higher en-
joyment than can be found without it." The last time
Judge Shepley spoke in public it was the privilege of
the writer to hear him. ... In February, 1874, the
Historical Society held a meeting in the city building,
Portland, at which Judge Shepley was present. Dur-
ing the forenoon the president alluded to the presence
of the venerable judge, and invited him to address
the society, which, after some hesitation, he concluded
to do. While he was preparing to speak all eyes were
turned to the patriarchal figure, which was most strik-
ing. On his commencing to speak, there was a general
feeling of reverence, and from a common impulse the
whole audience rose, and remained standing until he
closed. He alluded to his associates of half a century
before, to his long membership, and expressed regret
that he had given to society so little assistance in their
researches. He closed with an expression of interest
in the objects aimed at. This was the last time he
spoke in public and the scene will long be remembered
by those present.

From "A History of the Law, the Courts, and
the Lawyers of Maine," published in 1863, the fol-
lowing extract concerning Justice Shepley is
taken:

102

HISTORY OF MAINE

Judge Shepley has nniformally through his long life
been the firm friend and supporter of good order, and
a just administration of the law. He has given sub-
stantial aid to the cause of religion, good morals, and
general education, and has himself practiced upon the
rules he has prescribed for others. He has been thirty-
three years a trustee of Bowdoin College, having been
chosen in 1829, and has been a careful observer of its
affairs and a faithful counsellor in its emergencies. He
has filled all the numerous trusts, private and public,
entrusted to him, uprightly, diligently, and well, for
the good of the people and the individuals in whose
service he has been employed. And after a well-filled
public life of thirty-six years, and at the age of
seventy-three years, he may very properly lay aside
the armor, which he has worn worthily and v.ith I;i;nor
through the conflicts of political contention, the sharp
strifes of the forum and the calmer struggles with the
subtleties and nice discriminations of legal investiga-
tion, where the arms are reason and judgment, against
the keen masters of rhetoric. He has received from
Dartmouth College the honorary degree of LL.D. . . .
The Chief Justice, too far advanced to take part in
active hostilities in support of the government of his
country, sustains the cause by his words and co-opera-
tion in his efforts to put down the rebellion. And in
order to enable his son to fight freely and unincum-
bered by his numerous engagements at home, he has
taken his place anew in the courts, and burnished up
the forensic armor for fresh contests on the field of
his former stuggles. E'en in his ashes lives his wonted
fires.

Ether Shepley was united in marriage in the
year 1816 with Anna Foster, whom he knew while
a student at Dartmouth. Her death occurred in
1867. They were the parents of the following
children: John R., a student of Bowdoin College,
from which he received the degree of LL.D. and
afterwards became one of the most prominent at-
torneys of St. Louis, Missouri; George Foster,
whose sketch follows; and Leonard D.

GEORGE FOSTER SHEPLEY— The career
of George Foster Shepley is one of those of
which the State of Maine has the greatest reason
to feel proud and he is deservedly ranked by his
fellow citizens with such men as James G. Blaine,
Thomas Reed and others, the greatest of her
sons. His service at the bar and on the bench,
a service rendered particularly to his State, and
that rendered by him during liis brilliant career as
a soldier and military governor during the Civil
War and the difficult period of reconstruction
that followed, were such as to awaken the spon-
taneous admiration of his fellow citizens, while
his virtue and fidelity as a man and a Christian
were well attested by his fruitfulness in good.
His personal traits of character were such as to
endear him to his great multitude of friends and
professional associates, and the handsome memo-
rial tablet erected in his honor in St. Luke's Ca-
thedral at Portland, Maine, by a group of men
who had known and come into constant rela-

tions with him is an eloquent if silent tribute to
this most genuine veneration and affection.

General Shepley was a son of the Hon. Ether
and Anna (Foster) Shepley and a member of a
distinguished New England family, his descent
being traced in the sketch of his father precedes
this. That father was for many years one of the
best known jurists of Maine and a man who stood
for all that was best and noblest in the traditions
of the American bar, while his mother was a
woman of the highest type of New England gen-
tlewoman, so that the home atmosphere in which
the lad, and afterwards the youth, was reared, and
where his impressionable character was formed,
was well calculated to bring out and foster all
that was purest and strongest in his nature.

He was born January I, 1819, at Saco, Maine,
and his childhood was spent in his native town
and in attendance upon the local schools. His
father had been a student at Dartmouth College,
and had the strongest kind of associations with
that great institution, so that when, at an un-
usually early age, the youth was ready for col-
lege it was there that he was sent. He was grad-
uated after the usual academic course with the
class of 1837, when only eighteen years of age.
It was quite natural that the young man, brought
up in the atmosphere of the law and with the
shining example of his father before him, should
desire to follow in the elder man's footsteps and
adopt the law as his profession. This, indeed,
was true and after his graduation from Dart-
mouth he entered the Harvard Law School,
where he had the privilege of studying under such
brilliant teachers and complete masters of the law
as Judge Story and Professor Greenleaf. He com-
pleted his law studies in two years, and upon
graduating from Harvard in 1839 he was admit-
ted to the bar of Maine, though but twenty years
old at the time. He first made his headquarters
at Bangor, Maine, where he commenced practice
in association with Joshua W. Hathaway, after-
wards associate justice of the Supreme Court of
Maine. In 1844 Mr. Shepley came to Portland
and there became a partner of the Hon. Joseph
Howard, a distinguished member of the Portland
bar. Judge Howard had already developed a
large legal business which attained even greater
proportions during the existence of the firm of
Howard & Shepley. In the year 1848 Chief Jus-
tice Whitman died and Justice Ether Shepley, al-
ready an associate of the Supreme Court, was
appointed to fill the highest judicial office within
the gift of the State. This left a vacancy in the
court and "Sir. Howard was chosen to fill it. It

cy-er/'f^e- .^^ -J // f// /r//

BIOGRAPHICAL

103

thus happened that the whole weight and respon-
sibihty of the large practice of the firm fell upon
the shoulders of young Mr. Shepley, who proved
himself quite capable of managing it. Not long
afterwards he associated with him John W.
Dana, now deceased, and the firm of Shepley &
Dana rapidly assumed a place in the front rank
of the profession. The bar of Maine at that time
numbered among its members such men as Gen-
eral Samuel Fessenden, William Pitt Fessenden,
Edward Fox, Thomas Amory Deblois, R. H. L.
Codman and others of like standing, yet among
these brilliant attorneys young Mr. Shepley took
his place as an equal, pro\nng himself a worthy
successor to his father. In 1853 he was appointed
by President Pierce United States district attor-
ney for Maine, and in 1857 was reappointed by
President Buchanan. Until 1861 he continued in
this office, trying many difficult cases for the gov-
ernment and acquitting himself with the utmost
ability. At the same time he was engaged in his
private practice, which increased from year to
year until it was one of the largest in Maine.

The story of Mr. Shepley's participation in the
political upheaval of the time is an interesting
one. His father. Justice Ether Shepley, had al-
ways been a staunch Democrat in his affiliations,
and the younger man had grown up with the
same strong sympathies, founded on a very clear
understanding of the great principles involved. In
spite of his firm convictions, however, he was re-
luctant to take part in the political activities, pre-
ferring to devote his attention to his chosen mis-
tress, the law, for which he had much the same
pure devotion as his father. It was impossible
for a man of his prominence and reputation to re-
main entirely aloof, however, for he was con-
stantly being invited to support this or that can-
didate or policy, and he naturally felt a certain
obligation to defend and urge his principles and
beliefs. In 1850 he was the successful candidate
of his party for the State Senate, and in his ca-
pacity as legislator he was irresistably drawn into
the conflicts then raging. In each case where he
appeared as an advocate for some purpose or aim
of his party, he won further laurels as a sincere
and eloquent speaker, and in the ranks of his
opponents became an adversary to be feared. In
the year i860 he was a delegate-at-large for
Maine at the Democratic National Convention at
Charlestown, South Carolina, and afterwards at
the postponed sessions of that body at Baltimore.
He was a prominent figure there and his speech
in reply to the call for the State of Maine won
him national fame. The principal candidates at

the convention were Judge Douglas and Mr.
Guthrie, and it was for the latter that Mr. Shep-
ley cast his vote, his being one of the three out
of eight Maine delegates so cast. With the nomi-
nation of Judge Douglas he put aside his own
preferences and lent his powerful aid in tlie cam-
paign that followed, yet it was known that he was
not in entire accord with a large faction of Doug-
las supporters. The Democratic party was very
much split up into factions at the time, and many
of its members were uniting with the new Re-
publican party, organized on the issues of aboli-
tion anti-slavery and the preservation of the
Union. While Mr. Shepley did not then leave the
ranks of the Democratic party, he was wholly in
accord with the Republicans upon both of these
then paramount questions, and when Abraham
Lincoln was elected was among the first of the
leaders of his party to uphold the President's
hands.

His support was of the practical kind of ac-
cepting a commission as colonel of the Twelfth
Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry, September
27, 1861. His appointment to this responsible
post was largely due to the representations of
General B. F. Butler in command of the New
England Division raised in this region and of
which the Twelfth Regiment was designed to
form a part. After spending a few months at
Camp Cliase, near Lowell, Massachusetts, he em-
barkd from Boston on the steamer Con<::i!ulioii
in command of a detachment of General Butler's
division consisting of his own regiment, the Thir-
tieth Massachusetts Regiment, two companies of
mounted rifles and one section of a battery.
After other delays he finally arived at Ship Is-
land, near New Orleans, having, in the meantime,
joined his commanding officer. General Butler,
with the rest of the division. So efficient had
Colonel Shepley proved himself in the difficult
matters of transporting and caring for the larg*
body of troops so entrusted to him that on March
22, 1863, by general order No. 2, Department of
the Gulf, he was placed in command of the Third
Brigade, which consisted of the Twelfth, Thir-
teenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Maine Regiments.
the Thirtieth Massacluisetts, the First Maine Bat-
tery and Magee's cavalry. This was a prelimin-
ary step to an office which he was later to fill
and in which he was destined to do a very great
service to his country. Not long after his in-
creased responsibilties, General Butler occupied
New Orleans, and Colonel Shepley was made
military commander of the city in charge of the
troops there and at Algiers. The difficulties and

104

HISTORY OF MAIN]

responsibilities of this post were soon after ma-
terially increased, for, the confederate mayor be-
ing arrested by General Butler for disloyalty, he
was ordered to assume the civic duties of ad-
ministration. In this most delicate position, Col-
onel Shepley displayed the most praiseworthy
combination of respect for the lives and rights of
the civil population with the sternest determin-
ation to suppress any attempt at disorder or in-
fraction of the military rule. He at once issued a
proclamation assuring the people of protection,
but warning against any interference with the sol-
diers in the discharge of their duty. He retained
in force all the city ordinances that it was pos-
sible to do under the changed circumstances and
endeavored to make the burden of military occu-
pation as light as was consistent with security.
He rightly believed that this policy was best cal-
culated to serve the ends of his government and
allay the bitter feeling entertained against it by
those who had felt its force. The condition of the
city was not only maintained at an equality with
what it had previously been, but actually im-
proved so that what had gained the name for a
somewhat unhealthy community became under
his rule, highly sanitary and clean. So great was
his success that on June 3, 1862, upon the recom-
mendation of the Secretary of War, President
Lincoln appointed him military governor of the
State of Louisiana with almost absolute powers,
and on July 26 of the same year he was appointed
brigadier-general. General Shepley at once put
into force the same splendid regulations obtaining
in New Orleans throughout the entire State, ap-
pointed acting mayors to administer the affairs of
cities, reopened the courts under loyal judges
appointed by himself, and in general brought or-
der out of confusion and restored the normal ac-
tivities of the community in as great a degree as
was possible in war time. He continued to ad-
minister the affairs of the State for nearly two
years and then, upon the election of a civil gover-
nor elected by th.e people, he was, at his own
request, relieved by the President and ordered to
report to the adjutant-general for service in the
field. How far General Shepley had overcome
the prejudices of the people over whom he had
been set to rule and how much he had done to
restore confidence and trust in the purposes of the
United States Government on the part of many
of the Confederates, may be seen in the address
signed by many of the leading men of New Or-
leans at the time of his retirement from office
over them. It began in the following words and
was an eloquent tribute to his firmness, his mercy
and justice:

We, citizens of New Orleans, avail ourselves of tlie
opportunity afforded us by the close of your official
career among us, to give expression to the sentiments
of regard and esteem with which your character and
conduct have inspired us. For nearly two years you
have performed the delicate and arduous duties of
Military Govprnnr of Louisiana in a manner beyond
all praise, winning in your official capacity the respect
of the whole community, and by your social virtues
converting all who have enjoyed the pleasure of your
acquaintance into warm personal friends.

General Shepley was next ordered to report for
duty in the Department of Virginia and North
Carolina, at the personal request of the general
commanding, and was placed by him in command
of the military district of Eastern Virginia in
which were included the important posts of Fort-
ress Monroe, Newport News, Yorktown, Wil-
liamsburg, Norfolk and Portsmouth, with the line
of defences known as Getty's Line, the eastern
shore of Virginia and that portion of North Caro-
lina north of Albemarle Sound. Later he once
more engaged in field operation as chief of staff
to Major-General Weitzcl, and for a time during
the absence of that officer commanded the Twen-
ty-fifth Army Corps. He continued with the
Army of the James during the remainder of the
war and was with General Weitzel's troops when
they were the first to enter Richmond upon the
fall of that city. He was then appointed the first
military governor of Richmond, but upon the
peace agreement becoming effective, he resigned
his commission and returned to civil life. Gen-
eral Shepley, convinced by the facts of the situ-
ation as he had observed them throughout the
desperate struggle from which the Nation had
just emerged, had changed his political affili-
ations and was now staunchly Republican. In
1865 he was offered an appointment to the Su-
preme Court of Maine as associate justice, but de-
clined, although in the year following he ac-
cepted the Republican nomination to the State
Legislature. At the close of the session he once
more took up the practice of his profession, in
association with A. A. Strout, under the firm
name of Shepley & Strout, but this association
did not last long, for in 1869, when the judicial
system of the United States was amended by an
act providing for the appointment of circuit
judges, he was honored by being selected for the
first judge of the First Circuit. His commission
was dated December 22, 1869, and from that time
until his death, July 20, 1878, he continued to dis-
charge the duties of that high office with a pains-
taking zeal and a brilliant comprehension of his
fvmction that made his interpretations of the law
memorable to his associates. The contemporary
estimate of him and his powers is to be found in
the tributes paid him at the time of his death by

BIOGRAPHICAL

friends and professional colleagues with which
this sketch closes.

While General Shepley was a man of strong
religious beliefs and feelings, he did not join with
any religious body or church until a short time
before his death. In the spring of 1877, however,
he became a member of the Episcopal church and
from that time until his death, about fifteen
months later, attended divine services at St.
Luke's Church at Portland. A few weeks before
his death he received from Dartmouth College
the honorary degree of LL.D.

General Shepley married (first) Lucy Hayes
while residing at Bangor, and they were the par-
ents of four children. One of the daughters be-
came the wife of Commander T. O. Selfridge,
United States Navy, and another married a Mr.
Tiffany, one of the leaders of the bar of St. Louis,
Missouri. Mrs. Shepley died in the year 1869,
and in 1872 Judge Shepley married (second;
Helen Merrill, a native of Portland, and a daugh-
ter of Eliphalet Merrill. Mrs. Shepley survives
her husband.

The character and achievement of George Fos-
ter Shepley might well form the subject of a
long and eulogistic article, for they were of so
noteworthy a kind that he must indubitably be
classed among the greatest of Maine's citizens,
but the most convincing praise is that which
springs from the men who are personally ac-
quainted with the subject of it and who conse-
quently speak with the authority of actual knowl-
edge. It will, therefore, be appropriate to con-
clude this brief sketch with the words of some of
Judge Shepley's associates of the bench and bar
of Maine, who, at a meeting called to honor his
memory at the time of his death, had an oppor-
tunity to express themselves concerning him.
The lawyers of the Circuit Court of the United
States over which Judge Shepley had presided
for so many years passed the following resolu-
tions:

Kesolved, That the public anJ private oiiaracter ol' llie
late George F. Shepley commands the highest esteem
and admiration. Endowed with the inspiration of genius
for the law, he came early to the Bar, and acquired
rare excellence as a counselljr. advotato and jurist.
As a counsellor, he was judicious and w'ise; as an advo-
cate, logical and eloquent; as a jurist, learned in the
various branches of the law, and in some pre-eminent;
as a judge, dignified, courteous, impartial and incor-
ruptable. Wheu his country was in peril he left the
forum for the field, and as military governor of Louisi-
iana displayed marked executive ability in the per-
formance of his difficult duties, and by firmness
mingled with kindness secured the confidence and high
regard of the people of the State. Peace restored, he
resumed the duties of his profession, and soon after
was appointed to the high judicial position that he

filled at the time of his decease. His domestic and
social virtues are embalmed in the hearts of his family
and friends.

Resolved, That the attorney of the United States be
requested to present these resolutions to the Court,
and ask to have them entered on the records of the
Court:

In seconding these resolutions the late Judge
Nathan Webb said:

The resolutions which have been read convey the
sentiments of this Bar at his departure, and their high
appreciation of his personal and judicial worth.

Fully impressed with the many relations in which
he was conspicuous, and held in high esteem, this place
and occasion admonish us that it is with his profes-
sional and judicial life and characteristics that our
thoughts and words will most appropriately be occu-
pied.

When he came to the Bar, at a very early age,
he found the front ranks crowded with giants in the
legal profession. In Penobscot county, where he first
appeared, were Rogers, McCrillis, Kent and Cutting,
Hathaway and Appleton. four of whom have since
illustrated the judiciary of Maine. In Cumberland,

i-hitt

VPfl,

and Preble, and Davies, Deblois and Codman; in the
central part of the State, Boutelle and Williams, and
Paine and Evans. The profession in York was learned
and well disciplined, counting among its members many
a distinguished lawyer, with the foremost of whom
stood one whose long continued labors on the bench
of the highest national Court almost make us forget
the power he wielded at the Bar.

Turn which way he would, enter any Court in
Maine, State or National, he was sure to encounter
formidable adversaries, whose fame alone would dis-
courage feeble spirits.

But this youthful counsellor knew his own strength,
and was confident that he was well prepared for the
struggle before him, and that he was able to make
good his claim against any opposition. But few essays
of his power were required before his position ana
success were assured. While in years hardly more
than a boy. he was the admitted peer of the most
mature and wisest of the profession. From the begin-
ning he was entrusted with business of difficulty, mag-
nitude and responsibility. This manifestation of belief
in him called upon him for his best effort, and he
performed an amount of labor that few young men are
willing to attempt and fewer still can sustain.

A description of Judge Shepley's methods and
manner in court and in professional relations with
his clients and opponents is furnished in the
speech of Mr. A. A. Strout, on the same occa-
sion. He said:

Possessed of physical endurance, which enabled him
to withstand severe and protracted labor and anxiety
in the trial of causes, he was able to give to his client
and his case the benefit of his great learning and
splendid abilities in unstinted measure. He possessed
a memory so tenacious and ready, that he rarely lost
sight of any mriterir.l part of the evidence in the case
on trial, however complicated and protracted it might
be. Uis great powers of analysis and ex.'ict i-oiiipari-
son enabled him to determine, with a rapidity and
certainty which seemed like intuition, the controlling
facts developed by the testimony, and the rules to be
applied in their just decision. Although he availed
himself of all his learning, whether acquired from
books or observation, he did not trust to this alone,
but before he entered upon a trial in matters of dif-
ficulty or novel impression, he carefully examined each
proposition of law and fact, and fortified his positions

106

HISTORY OF MAINE

with the authority of decided cases. And while he
recognized and availed himself of the reported decisions,
he knew that their conclusions were frequently depen-
dent upon the provisions of local law and the fact
peculiar to the causes in which the opinions were
rendered, and he was accustomed to invoke those rules
of human conduct which, founded in justice, and recog-
nized as the common law of society, were adapted to
its varying wants and conditions.

To the discussion of these fundamental principles
he brought a clearness of statement, a cogency of
argument, a breadth and wealth of thought and sug-
gestion, and an earnestness born of conviction, which
at times rose to the loftiest heights of the purest elo-
quence, and which, while he was at the Bar, always
delighted and instructed those who gathered to hear
him speak. In the general conduct of a trial he ob-
served the unvarying fairness and kindness which
eharcterized all his relations with the Bar and Court.

He was particularly successful in the examination of
witnesses, and with skillful hand stripped falsehood
of its disguises, and exposed fraud and wrong doing.
He was at times impetuous, and his spirit kindled with
aggressive energy at the discovery of attempted fraud,
or deceitful practice, or in the vindication of the rights
of tliose whom it was his duty to defend. But never-
even in the sharpest rigor of forensic conflict — did he
forget the duty of respect which he owed to the Court,
or the courtesy which he felt to be due to his
opponent.

It was left to the Hon. Nathan Clifford, asso-
ciate justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States ,to speak wtih most authority and elo-
quence concerning Judge Shepley's qualifications
in the high office that he held at the time of his
death. Mr. Justice Clifford remarked:

. . . Delicate and responsible duties were devolved
upon him in all these situations, and it is only simple
justice to say that in every position he occupied he
performed his duty with integrity and ability, and met
the highest expectations of his most ardent friends.
A'Imit all that, and still the po«ti"n in v, hich Judge
Shepley's faculties were called into their exercise, was
in the judicial position which he filled at the time of
his lamented death. Soon after the close of the war
the business in some of the circuits had so immensely
increased, that it became no longer possible that the
duties should be performed by a single Judge, who
was also charged with the performance of the duties
devolved upon a Justice of the Supreme Court. Con-
grps.< interiiosed and provi.lcd for the appointment of
one Circuit Judge for each of the nine circuits, and
Judge Shepley. with the full concurrence of the Bar,
was accordingly appointed to fill that important posi-
tion in the First Circuit. Even judicial appointments
are frenuently the subject of contests, but it is not
going too far to say that the appointment of the late
incumbent was considered by all who knew him, as
it was in fact, only a just and proper recognition of
his abilities and acquirements as a lawyer. Since his
first entrance into the laborious and complicated duties
of the responsible office to the day of his sudden and
lamented death, we all know how faithfully, impartially
and ably he met all the requirements of duty, and how
satisfactorily he presided over the administration of
Justice in the several Districts of the Circuit. None
who ever saw him presiding in the Court will denv
that the clear nd penetrating qualities of his mind, and
his quick and powerful comprehension, fitted him in a
remarkable degree for promptly approaching and grasp-
ing the vital and esential points of a case when pre-
sented for his adjudication, and for formulating the
inquiry upon which the decision would depend in cases
where the issue was to be submitted to the jury

In speaking of Judge Shepley, my mind is by force

of association, irresistably borne back to a far earlier
period than that of his active life, and memory recalls
the form of his venerable father, for many years the
Chief Justice of our highest Court, whom I knew from
my first arrival here from my native State, When I
first came to Maine, young and without acquaintance,
I received words of counsel and advice from the elder
Judge Shepley, the following of which exercised a most
important and favorable influence upon all the subse-

ife.

will ever be forgotten. Called upon, therefore, today,
to speak of the life and character of the son, the image
of the father rises also in the mind. Thus father and
son have passed through the period of their temporal
labors, duties and trials, and together, as we trust
and believe, look out upon that new and nobler lite
which all humanity has ever, in some form, regarded as
one of freedom from trouble, sorrow and pain. Let
us cherish their memories and profit by their eminent
examples.

CLINTON LEWIS BAXTER, the third child

of Tames Phinney and Sarah K. (Lewis) Baxter,
whose biography appears on other pages in these
voIi;m;5, was born in Portland, Maine, June 29,
1859. His early education was received in the local
schools of his native city. From there he went to
the high school, and was graduated with honor
\\ ith the class of 1877. He then attended Bowdoin
College and graduated from that institution in 1881.
The faculty conferred upon him both the degrees
Bachelor of Science and Master of .A.rts. Immedi-
ately after graduation he entered the business world
by associating himself with the Portland Packing
Companj-, which had been established by his father
in 1861, and under his able management the busi-
ness has continued to grov,' until it is nov.' one of
the most important enterprises in the Nev/ England
states. Mr. Baxter is a director of the Canal Na-
tional Bank. In proof of the confidence imposed
in him, and recognizing his mastery of business
principles, in 191 7 he was elected overseer of Bow-
doin College.

In local affairs of import he votes for the men
and measures he thinks is to the best interest of
all the people. But in national elections he sup-
ports the principles of the Republican party. How-
ever, he has never sought or desired public office,
preferring to devote his time to the extensive busi-
ness interests. His life is guided by the tenants
of the Masonic fraternity, of which he has attained
to the thirty-second degree. He is a member of
the Portland. Cumberland and Country clubs. Phi
Beta Kappa and Delta Kappa Epsilon societies, and
a consistant member of the State Street Congrega-
tional Church.

Mr. Baxter married (first) Cora Paulina Dana,
born September i, 1858. Her death occurred April
21. 1S88, and on October 14, 1891, he married (sec-
ondl F.tlic! Fox. One child was born of the fii'st
union: Cora Dana, born April 21, 1888; and there

CLINTON L. BAXTER

BIOGRAPHICAL

107

are two children of the second union : Anna Fox,
bom November 8, 1892, died August 12, 1894. and
Ellen Fessenden, born May 7, 1894.

As a man and citizen Mr. Baxter is of large and
liberal views in all matters of business, full of en-
terprise, and lends his influence to all that he thinks
will advance the interests of his city, State and
nation.

MORSE FAMILY— Among the great New?
England families vi'hich have been asosciated with
this region since the very earliest Colonial period,
one of the most prominent is unquestionably that
of Morse, which for many years resided at New-
bury, Massachusetts, and later in Maine. The
men of this family have all displayed a marked
talent for practical affairs, a talent which found
its culmination in the persons of Wyman Morse,
Benjamin Wyman Morse, his son, and Charles
Wyman Morse, his grandson. Even in that early
day, when it first came to the New World to seek
opportunities which were denied it in the home
country, the Morse family was an old one and its
representatives in England during the Middle
Ages were scarcely, if any, less notable than these
capable men who have borne its name here. The
origin of the name w&s a very early one, being
derived, according to genealogists, from the ear-
lief form of De Mors, the prefix "De" being grad-
ually dropped by English usage and the final "E"
added. It was known as early as 1200 A. D., in
England, and we have a record of one HTugo de
Mors in 1358, during the reign of Edward III.,
while the early New England records gives us
the names of Anthony, William, Joseph and Sam-
uel Morse as settlers in this country. The home
branch of the family with which we are con-
cerned is not surely known, but we do know from
the records that Anthony Morse sailed from
England with his brother William, on the good
ship Jamrs, from Southampton, in 1635. They ar-
rived at Boston, June 3, of that year, and An-
thony Morse was made freeman of the Colony
of Jilassachusetts Bay, May 25, 1636. It was he
who founded the family in Newbury, where his
death occurred October 12, 16S6. He is spoken of
as of Marlborough, England, and it is probable
that he resided there, but there is no record as to
the place of his birth.

(II) Joseph Morse, third son of Anthony
Morse, also resided in Newbury, although the
place of his birth is not known. He died there
January 15, 1686, some months before his father.

He married Mary , and they were the parents

of the following children: Benjamin, Joseph, Jr.,
mentioned below; Joshua, Sarah and Mary.

(III) Joseph (2) Morse, son of Joseph (l)
and Mary Morse, was born about 1673, at New-
bury, and resided in that place during his entire
life. He was one of the constituent members of
the Third Church of Newbury, in 1726, and was
chosen a member of the "Monthly !^.[ceting" of
that church, December 7, 1727. He married
Elizabeth Poor, a daughter of Henry and Mary
(Tipcomb) Poor, and they were the parents of
the following children: Joseph, Daniel, mentioned
below; John, Mary, Elizabeth, Judith, Edmund,
Jonathan, Enoch and Sarah.

(IV) Daniel Morse, second son of Joseph (2)
and Elizabeth (Poor) Morse, was born March
8, 1695, at Newbury, where he always resided. He
married, in 1727, Sarah Swain, of Reading, and
they were the parents of the following children:
Joshua, Sarah, Daniel, mentioned below; and
Elizabeth.

(\') Daniel (2) Morse, second son of Daniel (l)
and Sarah (Swain) Morse, was born at Newbury,
and baptized in the Third Church of what is
now Newburyport, February 25, 1723. It was he
that founded the Morse family of Maine, remov-
ing to Georgetown in that State, probably be-
fore 1750. He was a carpenter by trade and built
the first frame house at Bath. He afterwards
made his home at Phippsburg, Maine, where his
death occurred about 1790. He married Mrs.
Margaret Crane, whose first husband was killed
by Indians at Topsham, Maine, and who was the
daughter of McNeill. They were the par-
ents of the following children: Daniel, David,
Jonathan, mentioned below; and Margaret.

(VI) Jonathan Morse, third son of Daniel (2)
and Margaret (McNeill-Crane) Morse, was born
July 7, 1755 ,at Phippsburg, Maine, and died July,
1836. He made his home at Phippsburg and there
married, about 1778, Sarah Wyman, a member of
an old Maine family and daughter of Francis
and Sarah (Bliphen or Blethen) Wyman, and
they were the parents of : William, Frances,
Richard, Jonathan, Esedas, Frank, David and
Wyman, mentioned below.

(VII) Wyman Morse, youngest child of Jona-
than and Sarah (Wyman) Morse, was born June
8, 1801, at Phippsburg, Maine, and died at Bath,
Maine, August 6, 1844. He was a man of unusual
ability, and early in manhood removed from his
native Phippsburg to Bath, where he became in-
terested in the great shipping industry of that
city. It was he who founded the first towboat
line on the Kennebec river, which afterwards
reached such large proportions under the man-
agement of his son, and which already in his own
life had become an important enterprise. The

lOS

HISTORY OF MAINE

first boat operated in this manner was the
steamer Bcllingham, which for many j'ears he op-
erated most successfully. He was a man of
prominence in the community and was well
known and highly respected by his fellow citi-
zens. At that time the great shipping industry of
the State was centered at Bath, as was also that
of the building of ships, the city having great ship
yards and ways extending for a mile on either
side on the banks of the Kennebec. \\"\\.\i this
early prosperity, which would undoubtedly have
grown to still greater proportions had not the
tide set in against the American merchant marine
in a manner which practically destroyed that ac-
tivity in the United States, Mr. Morse was asso-
ciated.

Wyman Morse was united in marriage, Novem-
ber i8, 1824, with Eliza Anna Donnell, a daugh-
ter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Todd-Woodwell)
Donnell, old and highly respected residents of
this place, where her birth occurred November 4,
1805. They were the parents of the following chil-
dren: I. Benjamin Wyman, whose sketch follows.
2. Samuel Thomas, born March 4, 1828, at
Bath, Maine, and died in Charlestown, Massachu-
setts, March 18, 1831. 3. Charles Henry, born
June 17, 1830, at Charlestown, Masaschusetts, and
later became captain of a river steamboat and was
associated with his brother, Benjamin Wyman,
in the great business at Bath; he was a member
of the Universalist church; married (first) Febru-
ary 5, 1862, Emily A. Boner, of Somerville,
Massachusetts, the ceremony being performed by
the Rev. Mr. Clark; the first Mrs. Morse's death
occurred July 28, 1862, and he married (second)
June 27, 1875, Jennie R. Larrabee, of Bath, the
ceremony being performed by the Rev. Mr.
Dyke. 4. Eliza Ann, born at Charlestown, Massa-
chusetts, August 26, 1832; married, October 31,
1876, at Bath, Maine, B. W. Hawthorne, of Wool-
wich, Maine, the Rev. Mr. Nutting officiating;
she now resides at Bath. 5. Frances May, born
December 21, 1834, at Charlestown, Massachu-
setts, and died in Bath, December 21, 1866. 6.
Samuel Ralph, born May 16, 1837, at Charlestown,
Massachusetts, died July 10, 1845. 7. George Wil-
liam, born April 4, 1839, at Bath, Maine, and died
October 16, 1881, at sea in the Indian ocean; he
was a master mariner, married, December 19,
1874, Jane Parker, his second cousin and daugh-
ter of Alden Parker and Louise (Lee) Morse, of
Winnegance, Maine, the ceremony performed by
the Rev. Mr. Houghton; they were the parents of
one child, Louise E. Morse, who married, Sep-
tember 25, 1907, Maurice M. Miller. 8. James

Thomas, born April 25, 1841, at Bath, Maine, and
now a member of Morse & Company, shipping
merchants of Boston. 9. John Oilman, born
March 19, 1843, at Bath, Maine, and died there
May II, 1849.

BENJAMIN WYMAN MORSE— The name of
Captain Benjamin Wyman Morse, whose death
occurred May 30, 1887, at his home in Bath, Maine,
is undoubtedly one of the best known in this city
as well as along the Kennebec river and the
costal region hereabouts as being one of those
who did most to build up and develop the present
great prosperity of this region. Captain Morse
was the eldest child of Wyman and Eliza Anna
(Donnell) Morse, and a member of the old and
distinguished Morse family, of which there is ex-
tended mention above.

He was born September i, 1825, at Bath, and
there gained his education at the local public
schools. While yet little more than a lad, he
was employed by his father on the old side wheel
steamer Bellingham, of which the latter was in
command, and very soon became familiar with all
the details of that work. When the elder Mr.
Morse died, he was himeslf placed in command
of the Bcllingham which, however, was very soon
displaced by larger and more powerful side wheel
steamers, one of which was the Ellen Morse, the
first steam engine side wheeler built oii the
river. For a number of years he continued to use
these vessels, which were then the only type of
steamer in use, but he was quick to perceive the
advantages of the screw propeller type when that
epoch making discovery first came into use and it
was not long before he had replaced his old type
steamboats with the new. With his usual enter-
prise. Captain Morse owned the first one of these
that appeared on the Kennebec, and it was not
long before he possessed a fleet of them. In the
meantime, his business had been growing by leaps
and bounds, and in association with his brother
he organized the Knickerbocker Steam Towage
Company, which was incorporated by act of the
Maine Legislature, and which soon became the
most important business of its kind in the re-
gion. At first Captain Morse took the position
of treasurer of this great concern, but afterwards
was elected president and held that office until
the time of his death. In addition to the tow boat
business which he built up he extended his en-
terprise into other fields of activity, and was soon
engaged in general coastwise navigation and also
in the building of ships. He was the owner of
shares in a great many vessels and also built

/Shcwitu^

BIOGRAPHICAL

109

many of his own in his shipyards after 1879,
among which were seventeen of the largest class
of coastwise vessels. He also purchased a num-
ber of schooners from other builders in the neigh-
borhood, so that he soon became the owner of
the largest coastwise fleet operating from any
one port. Yet another venture of Mr. Morse was
in connection with the ice business and it was in
the winter of 1876 that he first began the process
of cutting and storing ice on the upper Kenne-
bec, he being the pioneer in this line. This ice
was shipped by him to southern cities and proved
so successful that he soon extended his busi-
ness to Boothbay and later to the Hudson river.
His own vessels were largely employed in the
transportation of this ice and returned from their
destination with cargoes of coal for the northern
ports. This introduced him into a new line and
he gradually developed the coal business to very
large proportions, using barges as colliers, with
which he transported this essential commodity.
It was his custom to purchase small ships which
he would convert into barges and which answered
his purpose admirably. Since the death of Mr.
Morse, this business has been continued by his
successors, the Morse Companj-. Mr. Morse wa:.
a director of the Lincoln Bank of Bath, and also
a member of the Board of Trade. In his relig-
ious belief he was a Universalist and attended
the church of that denomination at this place.

Captain Benjamin Wyman Morse was united in
marriage, July 19, 1853, at New York City, with
Anna E. J. Rodbird, who was born April 10,
1830, a daughter of William and Jane A.
(Pritchard) Rodbird. William Rodbird was born
in Alna, Maine, April II, 1799, and died in Bos-
ton, Massachusetts, March 11, 1854. Jane A.
Pritchard was born in Warwick, Virginia, July
13, 1802, and died in Bath, December 11, 1849.
They had been married in Richmond, Virginia,
September 25, 1834. The ceremony of Captain
Morse and Miss Rodbird was performed by the
Rev. Mr. E. H. Chapin, and two children were
born to them, as follows: Jennie Rodbird, and
Charles Wyman, whose sketch follows. Mrs.
Morse's death occurred December 4, 1898, at
Bath. Jennie Rodbird Morse is a lady of great
cultivation and talent and has much ability in
both music and art. She is now the owner of
the beautiful old mansion of General McCIellan,
in Bath, and there makes her home.

Mr. Morse was a man of unusually strong and
virtuous character, but for all that a gentle and
willing personality. He was exceedingly domes-
tic in his tastes and his greatest happiness was

to remain in his own home where he had a
charming library of rare books, of which he was
a consistent reader. He is buried in Oak Grove
Cemetery, with his wife, and there has been
erected a magnificent granite monument to his
memory, representing an oak tree, broken oflf
twenty feet from the ground.

CHARLES WYMAN MORSE, son of Captain

Benjamin Wyman and Anna E. J. (Rodbird)
Morse, was born in Bath, Maine, October 21,
1856. After preparatory education he entered
Bowdoin College, whence he was graduated A.B.
in the class of 1877. He had secured a book-
keeping position paying fifteen hundred dollars,
and subletting the work for a third of this sum
defrayed his expenses with the remainder, also
beginning dealings in ice while a student at Bow-
doin. Upon his graduation from college he was
possessed of a considerable sum earned during
his college years, and at once engaged in the ice
business with his father and cousin. Until mov-
ing to Brooklyn in 1880 he was absorbed in the
organization of the production end of the busi-
ness, obtaining long term options on the ice
crops of the Maine district and gaining control
of several Maine companies, and in New York,
acquiring controlling interests along the Hudson
river, began the major development of this en-
terprise. Until the manufacture of artificial ice
won the southern field, Mr. Morse's companies
were the principal factor in ice cutting and dis-
tribution along the Atlantic coast, an operation
of great magnitude that resulted in the incorpora-
tion, March ir, 1899, of the American Ice Com-
pany, under the laws of the State of New Jersey.

During this period Mr. Morse had entered the
banking field with the energetic zeal that had
already made him a leader in large affairs in
New York City and a figure of national promi-
nence, and rapidly ascended to a commanding
position in the financial world. He was the
dominating force in many institutions of im-
portance and magnitude, including the National
Bank of North America, the New Amsterdam
National Bank, and the Title Insurance Company,
of New York, his control extending to about six-
teen banks. Mr. Morse, in a remarkably short
lime, conducted financial opertions of such stu-
pendous scale that he became known as one of
the greatest financial geniuses of his time.

Ships and shipping were a natural interest of
his family and he had steadily increased his in-
terests in this line from his first cargo carrying
ships used in ice transportation to the organiza-

110

HISTORY OF MAINE

tion, in 1905, of the Consolidated Steamship
Company, capitalized at sixty millions. His was
the outstanding figure in maritime affairs in the
United States, among his interests the Clyde
Steamship Company, the Eastern Steamship
Company, the Hudson Navigation Company, the
Mallory Steamship Company, the Metropolitan
Steamship Company, and the New York and Cuba
Mail Steamship Company. As in the ice busi-
ness and in banking, so in steamship operating,
he became the conspicuous leader, planning and
consummating operations that staggered imag-
ination and set new limits to the achievements
of modern business.

This was his position when the panic of 1907
broke upon the country. In his rise to power
he had scorned the traditions of the financial
circles, for his aspirations and accomplishments
had far transcended the beaten path, and, as his
was the vision of the pioneer, his was the
course of path-maker. He had ofTended and
embittered many interests and, along with
staunch friends, had many enemies whose en-
mity in Wall street was stronger than peisouu!
feeling could ever become. Finding him at this
strategic time with plans of expansion in ful'
swing and his resources taxed to the utmost, a
concerted attack was made upon his varied in-
terests, which fell helpless before the force of
the onslaught. The panic of 1907, the collapse
of vast combinations of capital, and the gov-
ernmental inquiry which followed is written into
history. Mr. Morse bore his losses with the
fortitude and lack of complaint that is a distin-
guishing mark of the real fighter and at once
applied himself to the repayment of his debts,
which he accomplished in sums totalling many
millions.

Since the panic of 1907, Mr. Morse has not onlj
paid oiT every cent of his many millions of indebt-
edness, but has recouped his affairs and fortune
to such an extent that he is president and chair-
man of the board of directors of the United States
Steamship Company, a $25,000,000 corporation.
This company owns outright the Groton Iron
Works with its ten million dollar steel plant and
two and one-half million dollar wooden shipbuild-
ing plant, both located near New London, Con-
necticut, and the Virginia Shipbuilding Corpora-
tion, a ten million dollar shipbuilding plant at
Alexandria, Virginia. The company also owns
the controlling interest in the Hudson Naviga-
tion Company, which operates the largest river
steamers in the world, between New York and
Albany, and several ocean going freight steamers.

Mr. Morse is chairman of the board of directors
and the moving spirit in each of these companies.
Mr. Morse has constantly retained his interest in
his native city, and Bath received as a token of
his public spirited attachment a handsome high
school building Vvfhich was named in his honor.
His clubs are the Union League, University, Met-
ropolitan, Lawyers and Riding, all of New York,
and lie also belongs to the New England So-
ciety and the New York Historical Society.

Charles W. Morse married (first) April 14, 1884,
Hattie Bishop Hussey, born in Brooklyn, New
York, November 4, 1862, died July 30, 1897,
daughter of Erwin A. and Harriet (Southard)
Hussey. He married (second) June 18, 1901, Mrs.
Clemence Cowles Dodge. There were four chil-
dren of his first marriage, three sons, Benjamin
Wyman, Erwin Albert, and Harry Franklin, all of
whom are mentioned more extensively, and Ann
Elsie, born February 28, 1897.

BENJAMIN WYMAN MORSE— The business
career of Mr. Morse has been in connection with
the important shipping and navigating inter-
ests of the eastern coast, interrupted by a short
period in ice manufacturing, and now continued
as an official of the Hudson Navigation Com-
pany and executive officer of the Virginia Ship-
building Corporation. He is a son of Charles
Wyman Morse, the noted steamship operator, and
Hattie Bishop (Hussey) Morse.

Benjamin Wyman Morse was born in Brook-
lyn, New York, December 17, 18S6, and after
attending the Brooklyn and New York public
schools was for a time a student in the gram-
mar schools of Bath, Maine, He graduated from
the Morse High School, of Bath, a member of the
first class to graduate from that institution, which
was a gift to the city of Bath from his father,
and after a year at Bowdoin College, Brunswick.
}ilaine, he entered Harvard University. He com-
pleted his college course at Harvard, graduating
in the class of 1908, and at once began business
life.

During two summers, while a student in high
school, he served as reporter for the Balli Diiily
Times, and for three summers thereafter v.as
agent in Bath of the Kennebec Division of the
Eastern Steamship Corporation, plying between
Boston and the Kennebec river. Upon graduat-
ing from college he entered the employ of the
Citizens' Line of the Hudson Navigation Com-
pany in New York, whose boats ran between New
York City and Troy, New York, and after a
year with this line purchased an interest in the

BIOGRAPHICAL

Knickerbocker Ice Company, of Baltimore, Alary-
land. He became secretary of this concern, which
he held for three years, then for two years was
secretary and treasurer of the company, and in
April, 1914, sold his interest in the Knicker-
bocker Ice Company and changed his residence
from Baltimore to New York City.

In partnership with Captain Mark L. Gilbert
he established in the ship brokerage and slupping
business under the style of the Continental Trad-
ing Company, which successfully operated for a
period of two or three years, during the latter
part of which Mr. Morse purchased his partner's
interest and conducted the business independ-
ently. Soon after the organization of the United
States Steamship Company he sold this business
and became vice-president and general manager
of the United States Steamship Company, own-
ing and operating a fleet of twelve ocean sUarn-
ships. This company, shortly prior to the en-
trance of the United States into the European
War, sold most of its steamers and invested in
shipyard properties, first purchasing a wooden
shipyard at Noank, Connecticut, and later con-
structing a large steel shipyard at Groton, Con-
necticut, then, late in 1917 and early in 1918,
building another large steel shipyard at Alexan-
dria, Virginia. In addition to these interests, the
United States Steamship Company, from its in-
ception, held a controlling interest in the Hudson
Navigation Company, operating the well-known
night lines between New York and Albany and
Troy.

Mr. Morse was the first secretary, then the vice-
president of the Hudson Navigation Company,
then secretary of the Groton Iron Works, con-
trolling the shipyards at Noank and Groton, Con-
necticut. Subsequently he became vice-presidoiii
and general manager of the Virginia Shipbuild-
ing Company, which constructed the steel ship-
yard at Alexandria, Virginia, of which he was
in full charge from its establishment. His interests
and connections are large and influential and he
is numbered among the leaders in his line of
endeavor. He is a member of the Alpha Delta
Phi fraternity, to which he was elected while a
student at Bowdoin College, and is a coiiuuuni-
cant of the Universalist Church.

Mr. Morse married, at Cambridge, Massachu-
setts, June 24, 1908, Elva May, daughter of Gil-
bert A. A. and Mary E. Pevey, and they are the
parents of Elva Wyman, born September 2, 1910.

ecutive position in a widely separated line, mana-
ger of a western ranch. Since 1913 he has been
identified with the steamship business and since
1915 with shipbuilding, his activities wide and im-
portant.

Erwin .\lbert ?forsc is a son of Chark-s W'y
man and Hattie Bishop (Hussey) Morse, grand-
son of Benjamin Wyman Morse, of Bath, Maine.
Mr. Alorse was born on St. John's Place, Brook-
lyn, New York, January 28, 1888, and was edu-
cated in New England institutions, including the
public schools of Bath, Maine, \v1.l;c lie was
graduated from the Morse High School, his fath-
er's gift to the city, in the class of 1905. In
1905-06 he attended the Andover Preparatory
School, then entered Yale University, whence he
was graduated in 1910. In July following his
graduation he went to California, and until 1913
was manager of a forty thousand acre ranch
owned by the Aliller & Lux Company. In the
latter year he left the West, entering the steam-
ship business in New York City. He became
general superintendent of the Hudson Navigation
Company, operating between New York City
and Albany and Troy, and in 1915 assumed the
direction of the Robert Palmer Shipbuilding &
Marine Railway Company for the United States
Steamship Company. In the same year he was
elected president of the Groton Iron Works,
which absorbed the Palmer plant, building a new
ten million dollar steel shipbuilding yard at
Groton, Connecticut. This office Mr. Morse suc-
cessfully fills to the present time (1919), hav-
ing directed its vast operations throughout the
war period, which was so severe a test of the
efficiency of the nation's shipyards. He is vice-
president of the Hudson Navigation Company
and serves the Virginia Shipbuilding Company
as director.

From his school and college days Mr. Alorse
retains membership in the Phi Rho Society, of
the Morse High School, of Bath, and the Alpha
Delta Phi fraternity, of Yale. His social affili-
ations are with the Thames Club, of New Lon-
don, Connecticut, the Yale Club, of New York,
the Shenecossett Country Club, of Eastern Point,
Connecticut, the Knickerbocker Country Club
of Englewood, New Jersey, and the Kennebec
Yacht Club, of Bath, Maine. He is a supporter
of Republican principles of government, but in
each campaign gave his aid and ballot to Presi-
dent Wilson.

ERWIN ALBERT MORSE, prominent in
shipbuilding and steamship circles in the East,
came to his present responsible place from ex-

HARRY FRANKLIN MORSE— The Hudson
Navigation Company, of which he is president, is
the major interest of Harry F. Morse in the

112

HISTORY OF MAINi

steamship business, while he is associated with
his brothers in large shipbuilding affairs on the
Atlantic seaboard. He is a son of Charles Wy-
man and Hattie Bishop (Hussey) Morse, his
father the noted steamship operator.

Harry Franklin Morse was born in Brooklyn,
New York, December 15, 1890, and after attend-
ance in the public schools of Bath, Maine, where
he was graduated from the Morse High School,
named in honor of his father, who donated it to
the city, in the class of 1907, he matriculated at
Princeton University. He was graduated from
Princeton in the class of 191 1, and in that year
and the following was engaged as manufacturer's
agent in Baltimore, Maryland. Following this
period and until 1914 he dealt in securities in
New York City, then became an executive of the
Hudson Navigation Company, of which he is
now president and director. There is probably no
more popular avenue of water travel in the coun-
try than this line, which has consulted so thor-
oughly the comfort and convenience of its pat-
rons, and its large affairs are ably administered
by Mr. Morse. He is vice-president, treasurer,
and director of the Groton Iron Works, and is
a director of the Virginia Shipbuilding Corpora-
tion. Mr. Morse is a communicant of the Uni-
versalist church. His social organizations are the
Princeton Club, of New York, the Railroad Club,
of New York, the Greenwich Country Club, of
Greenwich, Connecticut, the University Club, of
Albany, New York, and the Albany Country Club,
the Princeton Charter Club, the Union Club, of
Troy, New York, the Thames Club, of New Lon-
don, Connecticut, the Economic Club, of New
York, and the Kennebec Yacht Club, of Bath,
Maine. He has been a constant adherent to Re-
publican principles, but in each candidacy of
President Wilson has yielded him hearty sup-
port.

Mr. Morse married, at St, Thomas' Church,
New York City, Marion Wyckofi Vanderhoef,
daughter of N. W. Vanderhoef, April 6, 1918.

EBEN SHAW KILBORN, one of the most
successful business men of Bethel, Maine, where
he now lives practically retired, is a member of a
very old and distinguished family which for many
years has been identified with the life of this State,
its members having served with distinction in many
different occupations and callings. The early rec-
ords contain many spellings of the name, such as
Kilbon, ICilburn, Kilbourn, and Kilbourne, as well
as Kilborn. Several of these modifications have
been preserved to the present time in other branches

of the family. The founder of the Kilborn family
in this country was Thomas Kilbourn, of Cam-
bridgeshire, England, where he was baptized. May
S 157S, at Wood Ditton. He was a warden of the
church there in 1632. He and his wife, Frances,
were the parents of a large family of children. They
were probably preceded to America by their second
son, George, who was baptized at Wood Ditton,
I'ebruary 12, 1612. George Kilbourn came to the
Xew England colonies prior to 1638, and settled
at Roxbury, and in 1640 was admitted as a freeman
lo the town of Rowley, where he was then residing.
His parents followed him in 1638 and made their
home with the rest of the family at Wethersfield,
Connecticut. Thomas Kilbourn died there before
1639. George Kilbourn's wife was named Elizabeth,
and it was through Samuel, one of the sons of their
large family, that the branch of the family with
which we are concerned is descended. The great-
grandson was Captain John Kilborn of Revolution-
ary fame. Captain Kilborn was born June 28, 1750.
at Rowley, and he was only twenty years old when
the Lexington Alarm was sounded and the pa-
triots of Middlesex and Essex counties rushed tn
obey the summons. According to tradition, he was
one of those who marched on Concord and Lex-
ington on that historic occasion. He saw very much
active service in the war that followed, and was
a member of several military organizations during
the course of the war. He was present at a num-
ber of the more important engagements of the
Revolution, including the storming of Stony Point
on the Hudson. Captain Kilborn worked up from
the ranks and received his rank as captain in 1780.
At the close of his military career he moved tn
Bridgeton, Maine, and made his home there until
his death, September 8, 1842. Captain Kilborn was
the great-grandfather of Eben Shaw Kilborn of
this sketch.

Eben Shaw Kilborn was born July i, 1846, at Har-
rison, Maine, a son of Enos W. and Rhoda (Shaw)
Kilborn. His father also was a native of Harrison,
and for many years was a farmer there. He was
a Democrat, but never sought office of any kind in
politics. His wife was born at Standish. Maine,
and was a staunch Methodist. The childhood of
Eben Shaw Kilborn was spent in his native Harri-
son, and later at Gilead and Bethel, where he at-
tended the public schools. He did not have the
advantage of a college education, for his father
died when he was six months old, and at the early
age of eighteen years he began to earn his own
livelihood. He filled positions on neighboring farms
for six years. He went to work at that time in
a saw mill, but before many years had elapsed he

S / A^^^

ClM^i^'hwA^

BIOGRAPHICAL

113

purchased a grist and grain mill in Bethel, which
he operated for several years. He then built a
saw mill and added that to his former business.
Gradually increasing prosperity extended the in-
terests of Mr. Kilborn, until he was regarded as
one of the most substantial business men in Bethel.
Aside from his private business, and his e.xtensive
real estate dealings prior to 1909, INIr. Kilburn was
for some years president of the Bethel Water Com-
pany, a trustee of the Bethel Savings Bank, a trus-
tee of Gould's Academy, and the first president
of the Bethel National Bank. jNIr. Kilborn is a
Republican, and for many years has been a leader
in that party. He has held the principal oiiices
in the government of the town, and was chief en-
gineer of the Bethel Fire Department for a number
of years. In 1899 he represented his district in
the State Legislature. He is a prominent member
of the Masonic order, and is affiliated with Bethel
Lodge, No. 97, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons,
being master of that lodge for five years. He is
a member of Oxford Chapter, No. 290, Royal Arch
Masons, and Oxford Council, No. 14, Royal and
Select Masters, of Norway, Maine. He was high
priest of the chapter, besides filling most of the
other offices. Mr. Kilborn is a member of the Port-
land Club. He attends the Congregational church
in Bethel.

At South Paris, Maine, February 10, 1904, Eben
Shaw Kilborn married Joan Stearns, a native of
Paris, and the daughter of S. Porter and Isabel
(Partridge) Stearns. Both Mr. Stearns and his
wife were born in Paris, Maine, and were descend-
ents of the earliest settlers of the town. Mr.
Stearns, who died in January, 1916, was one of
the most successful farmers of Paris, and owner
of extensive real estate in Paris and neighboring
towns. He was a man of considerable prominence
in the public affairs of his town, and for a time
he served on the local board of selectmen. He
was a staunch Republican, and one of the leading
members of the Grange. He was a trustee of the
South Paris Savings Bank, and for many years he
attended the Universalist church. Mr. Stearns is
survived by his wife, who now resides at Bethel.

ARCHIBALD MacNICHOL —Of ancient
Scotch ancestry, tracing to the clans of Bruce and
Campbell, Archibald MacNichol, son of John and
grandson of John MacNichol, held closely to the
traditions of his race, and in his life and deeds
worthily upheld the honored name he bore. His
wife, Delia Helen (Burrall) MacNichol, traces to
four Mayfh'.ver passengers. ITov-land. Tilley.
Chipman and Smith, through maternal lines, and

on the paternal side to the Burrall, Ord, and
other families, several of her ancestors holding
important rank and office during the Revolution.
John l\IacNichol, grandfather of Archibald, was
born near Edinburgh, Scotland. An ancestor
organized the Black Watch, that famous High-
land regiment, and John MacNichol, like many of
his kin, served with that organization. He mar-
ried and had children: John (2), Colin and Susan.

John (2) MacNichol was born in Scotland, and
settled in New Brunswick, Canada. He married
Janet Campbell MacDermott, a descendant of Sir
Colin Campbell of the famed Campbell clan.
They were the parents of three sons: Colin Camp-
bell, who died in 1908; John (3), a physician;
and Archibald, to whom this review is dedicated.
These sons were of noble ancestry, the Bruce
and Campbell clans being of Scotland's choicest
blood. Colin C. MacNichol was a successful law-
yer, and in politics a Democrat.

Archibald MacNichol was born in New Bruns-
wick, Canada, died in Calais, Maine, December 9,
187s, aged fifty-five years. He was a man of edu-
cation, learned in the law, and one of the strong
men of the Washington county (Maine) bar. He
continued in the practice of his profession for
many years, and passed away deeply regretted.
In politics he was a Democrat, in religious faith
a Congregationalist. He married, in East Mach-
ias, Maine, Delia Helen Burrall, daughter of Ovid
and Rebecca (Turner) Burrall, her father a
banker and extensive owner of valuable timber
lands. Children of Archibald and Delia Helen
(Burrall) MacNichol: Doctor George Pope, edu-
cated in Phillips Exeter Academy, Harvard Col-
lege and Harvard Medical School, now an eminent
physician and surgeon ; Elizabeth, married W. Forbes
Conant; Frederick Pike, of further mention;
Helen Burrall, died March 7, 1916; Church Gates,
died in January, 1896.

FREDERICK PIKE MacNICHOL— Like his
father, a man of genial nature and many excellent
traits of character, Frederick P. MacNichol was
well known and highly esteemed in the commu-
nity in which his life was spent. He was born in
Calais, Maine, but his home in his last years was
on L'nion street, St. Stephen, New Brunswick,
Canada, just across the river from Calais. After
a life of sucessful activity Mr. MacNichol re-
tired from all business participation, and gave
himself up to a life of contented ease. The
twin cities, Calais, Maine, and St. Stephen,
connected by several bridges crossing the St.
Croix river, are both prosperous shipbuilding.

114

HISTORY OF MAINE

lumbering, manufacturing and shipping centers,
and all during his active years Mr. MacNichol
was closely connected with the commercial life
of both towns.

Frederick Pil<e MacNichol, second son of Archi-
bald and Deha H. MacNichol, was born in Calais,
Maine, in 1871, and died in St. Stephen, New
Brunswick, Canada, December 16, ^918. He has
always been a man of robust health, seldom ill,
and on the Sunday preceding his death, which oc-
occurred Monday afternoon, he attended serv-
ices at his accustomed church. He was edu-
cated at Phillips Exeter Academy and Harvard
Law School, and upon arriving at a suitaTjIe age
embarked upon his profession, which only termin-
ated with his retirement. He was a member of
Sussex Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and
in religious affiliations was connected with the
Episcopal church of St. Stephen, New Bruns-
wick. He was a man of strong character and
marked abiltiy, distinguished for his manly, up-
right life and general usefulness.

Mr. MacNichol married, in January, 1S96, Mar-
garet Todd, daughter of Henry F. and Mary
Todd, of St. Stephen. They were the parents of
three daughters, Helen. Mary and Margaret, all
of St. Stephen, and a son, Frank Todd. Mr. Mac-
Nichol is also survived by his mother, Mrs. Delia
H. MacNichol, of Boston, and a sister, Mrs. W.
Forbes Conant, of Boston, Massachusetts. He is
buried in Rural Cemetery.

JUSTIN E. GOVE is descended from the old
Colonial Gove family which has been for many
generations identified with the development of New
Hampshire and Maine. The progenitor of the fam-
ily was a John Gove, who came to this country from
England in 1647, accompanied by his two sons, John
and Edward, and it was from these two that the
two branches of the family are descended, those
of the name in the northern States of New Eng-
land tracing their descent from Edward, and the
Massachusetts branch from John.

Justin Edward Gove, at present the agent of the
Pa?saniaquoddy tribe of Indians in l\Iaine. was
born in Perry, Maine, August 21, 1865. He went
to the public schools of Perry, and later completed
the cource at the high school of Pembroke, Maine.
He was only seventeen when he left school and en-
tered upon the world of work, obtaining a position
to teach in an ungraded school at Lubec, Maine.
He taught in Lubec for a year and at Perry for
two years, and then went to Boston, where he
obtained a position as a traveling sa'esm,->.n for
Marr Brothers. Until 1892 he sold goods on the

road as a commercial traveler, and thon received
the appointment as a sub-agent for the Passama-
quoddy tribe of Indians with headquarters at Perry,
Maine. Here Mr. Gove has continued in business
ever since, opening in 1906 a branch store at East-
port, and 1907 one in Calais, and 1908 one in Lubec.
When Mr. Gove was taken ill three years ago
(1916), he was operating seven cash stores and
employing a force of thirty-five men, and doing
$250,000 worth of business a year. Mr. Gove has
continued as sub-agent, or agent, for the Passama-
quoddy tribe of Indians since 1892, excepting two
years when Frederic Plaisted, the Democratic gov-
ernor, removed him, and also for two years when
the Democratic governor, ^.Iv. Curtis, removed him.
But when the Republicans came into office again at
the election of Governor Milliken, at the request
of nearly all the members of the Passamaquoddy
tribe. Governor Milliken reappointed him as agent
for four years. Mr. Gove is also a member of the
Legal Advisory Board of Washington county, and
was chairman of the Liberty Loan Committee, b"-
?ides having held other offices. He has been clerk
and treasurer of the town of Perrj^ He is a Re-
publican in his political preferences.

He is a member of the Free and Accepted Ma-
sons ; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks : the
Improved Order of Red Men ; the Independent
Order of Foresters; the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows ; the Order of the Eastern Star : the Quar-
ter of a Century Traveling Men's Association ; and
the Patrons of LIusbandry.

Mr. Gove married, at Eastport, Maine, June 2.
1897, Annie Margaret Gray, daughter of George and
!\Targaret Gray, of Robbinston, Maine. They are
the parents of three children : Doris Christine, born
March 7, 1898: Helen Louise, born December 12,
1800; Frances Rolfe, born March d, 190-I.

INIr. Gove's parents were Jacob Foster and Olivia
Jane Gove, Jacob F. Gove having been a sea cap-
tain until his health failed, after which he served
as a selectman, collector of taxes, postma-^ter. and
had a general store.

ERNEST ROLISTON WOODBURY— Head

of the Thornton Academy since 1905, and identi-
fied with educational work in New England dur-
ing all of his active life. Professor Woodbury
holds worthy place among the educators of the
State of Maine. He is a native of Maine, a gradu-
ate of her public schools and Bowdoin College,
and with the exception of a five year period spenr
in New Hampshire, his native State has been the
scene of his professional labors. The fifteen years
of h-s association with Thornton Academy have

/^ po^C^<j>ia'e>^

BIOGRAPHICAL

115

been busy and fruitful years, filled with much
of improvement and benefit for the academy, which
ranks among the leading preparatory schools of
Maine.

Professor Woodbury is the second of his name
to attain prominence in educational circles in his
State, his father, Roliston Woodbury, having
for a number of years been principal of the Cas-
tine Normal School. Roliston Woodbury was a
veteran of the Civil War, serving through that
conflict as a member of the Fifth Maine Battery.
He married Maria Billings.

Ernest Roliston Woodbury, son of Roliston
and Maria (Billings) Woodburj-, was born in
Farmington, Maine, July 3, 1871. He obtained
his education in the schools of his native State,
being graduated from the Castine Normal School,
r.t Castine, in 1SS9, and the Deering High School
at Deering, in 1891. Entering Bowdoin College,
he was graduated A.B. in 1895, subsequently, in
J909, receiving the Masters' degree from the same
institution. Immediately upon graduation from
college he began his life work along educational
lines, and from 189S to 1900 was principal of
Fryeburg Academy, at Fryelnirg, Maine, a period
of service followed by a like term of five years,
from 1900 to 1905, as principal of the Kimball
Union Academy, at Meriden, New Hempshire.
In the latter year he became head of the Thorn-
ton Academy, at Saco, and has since that time di-
rected the work of that institution, which has
grown and enlarged its quarters until it has as-
sumed position among the best known college
preparatory schools of Maine. Professor Wood-
bury's work has been along broad, progressive
lines, whose effectiveness is testified by the de-
velopment and prosperity of the academy. He
has kept constantly abreast of the best thought
along educational lines, adopting such modern
methods as apply to his particular proljlem and in-
stitution, and has spent the summers from 1912
to 1915 in European travel, visiting the centers of
art and education in the leading European coun-
tries.

Professor Woodbury's work with boys and
young men has given him a keen appreciation of
the merit and value of the Boy Scout System,
and he does everything within his power as
president of the Saco Council of Boy Scouts to
further its interests. He is a firm friend of chari-
table and social service activities and serves as
clerk of the York County Children's Aid So-
ciety. He is an ex-president of the York County
Teachers' Association, and a trustee of the Dyer
Library Association. In political faith he is a

Republican, and his fraternal affiliations are with
the Masonic order, his membership in Saco
Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of which he
is past master; York Chapter, Royal Arch Ma-
sons, of which he is past high priest; Maine Coun-
cil, Royal and Select Masters, and Bradford Com-
mandery. Knights Templar. His college frater-
nity is the Eta Chapter of the Theta Delta Chi.
Professor Woodbury is a deacon of the Congre-
gational church.

Professor Woodbury married Fannie Louise,
daughter of James L. and Addie (Dow) Gib-
son, of North Conway, New Hampshire, and they
are the parents of: Roliston Gibson, a graduate
of Thornton Academy, class of 1917, a student of
Bowdoin College, where he was a member of the
naval unit during the great war; Wendell De
Witt, a student of Thornton Academy; Darthea, a
student of Thornton Academy.

CHARLES FREMONT ADAMS— A land-
owner and resident of Easton, Maine, Mr. Adams
has long been engaged in farming in that neigh-
borhood, having in later years curtailed his opera-
tions in that line to some extent. Mr. Adams is a
grandson of Captain Solomon Adams, a farmer and
sailor of Maine, born June 15, 1796, died February
12, 1856. Captain Adams married Sarah Butter-
field, born March 16, 1798, died May 8, 1883, and
they were parents of: Solomon, Jr., of whom
further; Jonas B., born in January, 1821, died Oc-
tober 19, 1859 ; Sarah, born February 4, 1823, died
September 6, 1905.

Solomon Adams, Jr., son of Captain Solomon and
Sarah (Butterfield) Adams, was born at Ansuii.
Maine, July 30, i8ig, and died October 30, 1859. He
was a farmer all his life, prospered in his calling,
and married, in 1856, Harriet, daughter of Emmons
and Lydia (Smith) Whitcomb, who was born in
Norridgewock, Maine, June 25, 1831. Solomon and
Harriet (Whitcomb) Adams were the parents of :
Charles Fremont, of whom further, and Ella F.,
born July 24, 1859, married Martin Towle.

Charles Fremont Adams, son of Solomon, Jr.,
and Harriet (\\'hitcomb) Adams, was born at Pres-
que Isle, Maine, February 22, 1857, and as a youth
attended the pubHc schools of Easton. Early in
life he engaged in farming and has followed that
occupation all his life, becoming owner of eleven
hundred acres and subsequently disposing of a
large part thereof until at the present time (1919")
he has three hundred acres under profitable cultiva-
tion. Mr. Adams is a well known member of the
community in which he has spent his entire life,
and is a member of the local Grange and the Farm-

116

HISTORY OF ^lAINE

ers' Union. He is a Republican in politics, and
with his wife a member of the Methodist Episcopal
church.

Mr. Adams married, at Easton, Maine, Decem-
ber ig, 1880, Frances H. Davis, born at Exeter,
Maine, September 2, 1854, daughter of Thomas
Granville and Eliza Ann (Hubbard) Davis, her
father a farmer and prominent citizen of Easton,
postmaster for ten years, first selectman, treasurer,
and tax collector of the town. Mr. and Mrs. Adamr.
are the parents of eight children : i. Clarence L..
born August 21, 1882; a graduate of high school:
engages in farming; married Etta Lanioreau, and
has one child. 2. Harry L., born December 8, 1883 :
a farmer; married Gertrude Cass, and has three
children. 3. Lura N., born May 11, 1886; a grad-
uate of business college : married James Foren, and
has two children. 4. Nina F., born January' lo, 18S8;
a graduate of high school ; now a dressmaker. 5
Granville A., born February 13, 1890: a graduat;
of business college; served in France with the
American Expeditionary Force ; married Edith
Myers. 6. Lorin G., born November 28, 1891 ; a
graduate of high school ; an electrician in callin.o; :
.served in France with the American Expeditionary
Force. 7. Charles H., born October 17, 1893 ; a
graduate of high school ; served in France with
the American Expeditionary Force. 8. Glenn D.,
born May 23, 1898; a graduate of high school: now ■
a farmer.

?^Ir. Snow married, at Blaine, January II, 1902,
Lou M. Pierce, daughter of Benjamin F. and Nellie
E. (Jewell) Pierce, the former the postmaster at
Mars Hill and formerly a merchant. They have had
three children : Paul E., born June 4, 1903 ; Ralph
\., born August 20, 1905 ; and Winston Rue, born
October 2, 1912, deceased.

RUE T. SNOW was born at Bridgewater,

Maine, July 11, 1879, a son of Cyrus and Lydin
(Elliott) Snow, both of them now deceased. Thf
family is of old New England stock, the name !.r-i;ir,
found almost from the time of the landing of the
"Mayflower" Pilgrims.

Mr. Snow went to the common schools for a
year, and then attended Ricker Classical Institute
at Houlton, Maine. He then taught school for
about six years, and afterwards worked in a mill.
Seven years ago he established at \\'estfield his
present mercantile business. In July, 1918, he of-
fered himself to the service of the Young Men's
Christian Association and having been accepted was
sent to France, where he is at present. Mr. Snow
is a Republican in his political views, and up to
the time of his leaving for France he served as
town clerk and on the school committee. He was
^ member of the company raised in Houlton in
serve in the Spanish War, and served in Cuba. He
is a member of Aroostook Lodge, of Blaine, Free
and Accepted Masons: of the Knights of the Mac-
i-abees, and of the Foresters, of Bridgewater, Maine.
He is a charter member of the Grange, and at
tends the Baptist church.

GEORGE RICHARD HUNNEWELL, promi-
nent head of the G. R. Hunnewcll Fur Company,
of Lewiston, Maine, and owner of the family farm
and homestead which is a source of pride to all
who live in the country nearby, as well as
throughout the State, is not only abundantly en-
dowed with material wealth, but rich in character,
resoluteness of purpose, sagacity, enterprise, con-
structive executive ability, and bigness of heart
and mind. He is widely known in his State, and
very keenly appreciated by those who are familiar
with his contribution to the personality, charm,
and distinctive beauty of Maine as a place in
which to live.

(I) Benjamin Hunnewell, the first of the family
to settle in Maine, and the original owner of the
farm in the suburbs of Auburn, seven an'd a hali
miles south of Auburn City, of which his grand-
son, George R. Hunnewell, is the present owner
and occupant, was a remarkable and unusual ex-
ample of human strength and phj'sical endurance.
He was about six feet, eight inches in height,
a giant of energy, and lived to the extraordin-
ary age of one hundred and three years, the most
of which were spent on his farm.

(II) George W. Hunnewell, son of Benjamin
Hunnewell, was born on the farm of his father,
where he spent his entire life as a successful
and prosperous agriculturist. He married Rachel
Sawyer, born in Pownal, Maine, who died in her
fifty-fourth year. They were the parents of four
children, as follows: Winfield Scott, who was a
farmer by occupation, and died in 1915 at the age
of sixty-four years; William Rinaldo, who died in
1914, aged fifty-eight years, at Pittsfield, Maine,
where he had been an extensive real estate owner;
George Richard, of whom further; and Edna
Florence, now the wife of Samuel J. Foster,
of Gray, Maine, and the mother of one child,
Rachel Foster. The father of this family lived to
the age of eighty-seven years.

(III) George Richard Hunnewell, third son of
George W. and Rachel (Sawyer) Hunnewell, was
born on the family farm near Auburn, Maine,
March 27, 1856. There he was brought up, and
during the school months acquired his education
in the public schools of Auburn. The estate to

>H<Xinz^ .(? Tilccu/OA^L-.^

BIOGRAPHICAL

117

which he eventually became heir and owner has
been one of the essential pleasures of his entire
life. Since coming into the possession of this
home and its surroundings, seven hundred acres
of land, he has made a study of the most effec-
tive improvements which he has actually car-
ried out. In 1907 he erected a house and added to
the general melioration of the farm at a cost of
sixty thousand dollars. The resources of the land
have been so developed and cared for, and such a
scientific management has there been carried on
that nowhere in the State of Maine may be found a
more productive, and at the same time, a more
beautiful estate than that of Mr. Hunnewell's.
Not only has he distinguished himself as a suc-
cess in the field of agriculture, but in that of busi-
ness as well, in conducting the affairs of the G.
R. Hunnewell Fur Company. He has placed buy-
ers throughout the Dominion of Canada and in
New Brunswick, who travel in certain sections
purchasing furs. The amount spent last year in
this field of the business alone amounted to over
$350,000. The company also handles a complete
line of sporting goods, buying directly from all
of the large manufacturers of this line of mer-
chandise. ,
Mr. Hunnewell, true to the generations of the
family which have preceded him, as a cifizen of
loyalty, with the best interests of the community.
State and country at heart. He has a large cir-
cle of friends, and a vast number of admiring" and
respecting acquaintances, though none have c^er
succeeded in persuading him to run for any poli-
tical office. He belongs to the Fraternal Order
of Eagles, and is a member of the Methodist Epis-
copal church.

MELVILLE P. MILLIKEN was born at Gard-
ner, Maine, October 21, 1848, son of^Peletiah and

Elizabeth (Clay) Milliken. His educational oppor-
tunities were limited, but being ambitious he se-
cured himself a practical education through his ex-
perience with business and affairs. Mr. Milliken
does not, however underrate the help of an acad-
emical training even for a business career, and has
always taken a keen interest in popular education
and has done all he could to foster the cause and
bring it to a still greater efficiency.

He began his business life by buying an interest
in a store in the town of Burnham, Waldo county.
Maine, he being twenty-two years old at the time,
and the funds for this venture having represented
several years of hard work. After a time he sold
his interest to his partner and went to Portland,
and there obtained a position as a traveling sales-

man for a boot and shoe firm, and this work oc-
cupied his time for about fifteen years. A favorable
opportunity then offered for him to go into the
boot and shoe business on his own account, and he
established himself in association with a friend at
Skowhegan, Maine. After two years, in 1885, he
sold out his interest to his partner and took up the
lumber business at Richmond, Maine, and remained
in the manufacture of lumber until 1902. In that
year he entered the employ of the Stockholm Lum-
ber Company at Stockholm, Maine, and continued
for about seven years in this work. About 1909 he
became identified in the business as a director, as-
sistant treasurer and resident manager. In his
political faith Mr. Milliken is a Democrat, and he
has served the state in the Lower House of the
Legislature, and as an alternate delegate was sent
to the Democratic National Convention, at Balti-
more, and while there was made full delegate. He
is a member of Richmond Lodge, No. 200, Free
and Accepted Masons, and he is also a member of
the Elks of Houlton, Maine. Mr. Milliken attends
the Universalist church, although he is not himself
a member.

Mr. Milliken married (first) at Burnham, Sarah
K. Cook, daughter of Rev. John and Mary (Adams)
Cook, June, 1869 ; she died in 1879. He married
(second) H. Jennie Fowler, daughter of Jedediah
P. and Nuribah Hall (Scribner) Fowler. Mr. MH-
liken had only one child, a son, Frank C, who was
a child of the first marriage and died when he was
an infant.

CHARLES EDWARD JONES, the popular

and capable director of Fort Kent, Maine, and for
many years a successful merchant in this region,
and the owner of a large mill, is a native of St.
John Plantation, born April 3, 1855, and a son of
John J. and Eunice (West) Jones, old and highly
respected residents of that place, who both now
are deceased. The elder Mr. Jones was for many
years engaged in the occupation of farming and
lumbering at St. John, New Brunswick, where he
was a well know-n figure in the general life.

The childhood and early life of Charles Edward
Jones was passed in his father's home near St.
John, New Brunswick, and it was there that he
obtained his education, attending for this purpose
the public schools of that region. Upon completing
his studies Mr. Jones came to the United States,
where he engaged in business as a lumberer, and
opened a large mil! which he operates at the present
time. In the year 1889 he also founded a general
mercantile establishment and has been engaged in
fhis line for upwards of forty years and has met

118

HISTORY OF MAINE

vith a marked success. He is well known through-
out this region, at the present time one of the most
successful and active business men hereabouts, and
is connected with a number of important interests,
financial and otherwise, being a director of the
Fort Kent Trust Company. In politics Mr. Jones
is a Republican, and was elected director of Fort-
Kent in the year 1903. This post he has held ever
since and has attended to its responsible duties with
a high degree of efficiency. He also served as
postmaster of St. Francis for some seventeen years,
and has held the office of selectman as well as sev-
eral other positions of trust. Mr. Jones is a mem-
ber of Fort Kent Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted
Masons, and is a well known figure in the general
social life of the community. In his religious be-
lief Mr. Jones is a Presbyterian, and attends the
church of that denomination at St. Francis.

Charles Edward Jones was united in marriage,
September 24, 1882, at Fort Kent, with Mary Con-
nors, a daughter of John and Helen (Henderson)
Connors, the former a prominent lumberman of
this region. To Mr. and IMrs. Jones the following
children have been born: George Medly, bom July

20, 1883, married , by whom he has had three

children; Bertha Helen, born February 27, 1886,
and died December 31, 1889; Robert Holmes, born
May 2, 1890, married , and has had two chil-
dren; Frances Myrtle, April 13. 1892, became the
wife of Harold P. Bailey; Charles Elmer, born May
13, 1894, a sergeant in Company F, Fifty-sixth Regi-
ment, Pioneer Infantry, and served in the Machine
Gun Battalion with the American Expeditionary
Forces in France.

WILLIAM MOULTON INGRAHAM— The
record of the five generations of the family of
Ingraham in this country is one of service of un-
usual merit and distinction, the members of the
family resident in Maine since its founding by
Edward Ingraham. (I) Edward Ingraham was
born in England about 1721, and when a young
man made his home in York, Maine, dying at
Kitten.', ^larch 6. 1807. He married Lydia, daugh-
ter of Joseph Holt, of York. The records of
York of that time show that he was the proprie-
tor of the village inn, was a highly respected citi-
zen, and took an interest in all that pertained to
the welfare of the town, being prominent in the
affairs of the local church. Edv.'ard and Lydia
(Holt) Ingraham were the parents of seven chil-
dren.

(II) Joseph Holt Ingraham, son of Edward and
Lydia (Holt) Ingraham, was born in York, Feb-
ruary 10. 1752, died October 30, 1841. His early

youth was spent in his native town, and when
only sixteen years of age he moved to Portland,
establishing in the silversmith's trade. In 1775
the comfortable home he had erected was laid in
ashes during the bombardment of the town by
Captain Mowatt. He was a large landholder and
made numerous gifts of land for various civic
purposes. For eleven years he served as one of
the selectmen, and for ten years represented
Portland in the General Court of Massachusetts
when Maine was a part of that Commonwealth.
He vi'as three times married, first to Abigail,
daughter of James Milk, second to Lydia Stone,
and third to Ann Tate.

(III) Samuel Parkham Ingraham, son of Joseph
Holt and Ann (Tate) Ingraham, was born No-
vember 22, 1796, died June 26, 1863. He was a
successful merchant, operating in Hallowell and
Camden. He married, June 15, 1825, Mary Adams,
born in Thomaston, October 15, 1798, died in
Portland, February 4, 1876, and they were the
parents of three children.

(IV) Darius Holbrook Ingraham, third child
and second son of Samuel Parkham and Mary
(Adams) Ingraham, was born in Camden, Maine,
October 14, 1837. He was educated at Bridgeton
Academy, and in 1853 received an appointment
to the United States Naval Academy at Annapo-
lis, ill health compelling him to resign in the mid-
dle of his second year. After regaining his health
he studied law for one year in the office of John
Neal and completed his legal preparation in the
office of Deblois & Jackson, being admitted to
the Cumberland bar at Portland during the April
term, 1859. His public career began early in his
professional life. In i860 he was elected clerk of
the Common Council, and a member of the
School Committee, a position he held for three
years. In 1876 he was secretary of the Demo-
cratic State Committee, later serving on the
Congressional Committee, and in 1879 he was one
of Portland's representatives in the State Legis-
lature. In July, 1885, he was appointed by Presi-
dent Cleveland consul at Cadiz, Spain, a position
he held until September, 1889. He was commis-
sioned by the State Department to investigate
the affairs of the American Cousulate at Tangier,
and received the thanks of the department upon
the submission of his report. During 1892 and
1893 Mr. Ingraham filled the office of mayor of
Portland, during which time he was the nomi-
nee of his party for Congress, and in June, 1893,
he was appointed by President Cleveland con-
sul-general to Halifax, Nova Scotia, serving until
August, 1897. In 1899 and 1903 he was the Demo-

-^.^.

.^a^_>^

cJ^ '^ /5-2.--^-^/4-r

C-^-<^

BIOGRAPHICAL

119

cratic nominee for mayor of his city, and in 1908
was one of the nominees for presidential elector.
He is a member and ex-president of the Cum-
berland Club, of Portland, and also belongs to
the Maine Historical Society. His professional
and public career has been long, useful and hon-
orable, and he is held in high and aflcctionate re-
gard in Portland, the scene of his activities.

Darius Holbrook Ingraham married, June 25,
1868, Ella }.Ioulton, born January 2-j, \^i.^,-, died
March 18, 1919, daughter of \\ illiani and Nancy
(Cumston) Moulton, descendant in the seventh
generation of William Moulton, of Ormsby, Eng-
land, founder in New England of his line in 1637,
Darius Holbrook and Ella (Moulton) Ingra-
ham were the parents of one son and one daugh-
ter.

(V) W ilHani }iIou!ton Ingraham, son of Darius
Holbrook and Ella (Moulton) Ingraham, was
born in Portland, November 2, 1870. He attended
the public schools and prepared for college in the
Portland High School, then entered Bowdoin
College, whence he was graduated A.B. m the
class of 1895, fifteen years afterward having the
Master's degree in Arts conferred upon him by
tlie same institution. Upon the completion of his
scholastic studies he attended the Harvard Law
School for one year, finishing his legal work in
the office of the Hon. Augustus F. Moulton, of
Portland, and was admitted to the bar, October
19, 1897. His legal practice has been large am!
he has been conspicuously successful in his pro-
fession, which he has pursued closely with the
exception of time given to the public service. On
September 10, 1906, he was elected judge of the
Probate Court of Cumberland county, and held
his seat upon the bench from January i. KjO/, to
January I, 1915. He was mayor of Portland in
1915, an office his honored father iirUl licf^re hlin,
and during 1916 and 1917 he filled the ifnportant
post of assistant secretary of war. Upon his re-
tirement from the War Department he became
surveyor of customs at Portland, assuming the
duties of the office December i, 1917, and at this
time (1919) administering its important func-
tions. Mr. Ingraham is a member of the Cum-
berland Club, the Portland Country, Yacht and
Athletic clubs, and in addition to his member-
ships in the various professional associations be-
longs to the Maine Historical Society, the Society
of Colonial Wars, and the Sons of the Revolu-
tion. He is a member of the High Street Con-
gregational Parish.

Mr. Ingraham married, in Evanston, Illinois,
June I, 1901, Jessamine Phipps Damsel, born in

Mansfield, Ohio, April 1, iS;;. daughter of Wiiliam
Hudson and Susan Rose (Nricc) Damsel, her
lalhcr a veteran of PrcsiJi.-nt Lincoln's lirst call
for volunteers in 1861, retired vice-president and
general manager of the Adams Express Company.

LESTER F. BRADBURY, late of Fort Kent,
Maine, where he lived until his death occurred
i\Iay 5, 1913, and where for may years he was en-
gaged in business as a dealer in lumber and as a
general merchant, was a native of New Limerick,
Maine, his birth having occurred there October 29,
1862. Mr. Bradbury was a son of Samuel and
Julia (True) Bradbury, the former for many years
a farmer at New Limerick.

The childhood and early youth of Mr. Bradbury
was passed at his native town of New Limerick
and he there attended the local public schools for
a number of years. After five years as school
teacher, clerk and bookkeeper in Houlton and New
Limerick, he became interested in the great lumber
industry of Northern Maine and eventually de-
veloped a large business in this line. He, with
his brothers and John Mullen, opened a mercantile
establishment at Fort Kent, which under his skill-
ful management became one of the most important
of its kind in this region. Mr. Bradbury was in-
deed exceedingly successful in both of his enter-
prises and conducted them for a period of a quarter
of a century, remaining active until the time of his
death. Both of his establishments are now carried
on by a corporation knov,-n as the Fort Kent Mill
Company (the name of the old firm). At one time
Mr. Bradbury was a director of the Fort Kent
Trust Company, and was a prominent figure in the
financial life of this region. He was a man of
great enterprise and organizing ability, and among
his manv ventures was the founding and develop-
,.,,..'• ■>!- ♦''" Fort Kent Telephone Company, of
'■ the oft'ice of president until his death.
iWadliur)- V. as an ardent Republican.
■ 11, , :.ir.L;l! he took a keen interest in local and
i;;t:ona! issues and the great questions of the day,
I'.e never engaged actively in political life and
a^■0!dcd rather than sought public ofiice of any
kind. He was however a prominent figure in the
social and fraternal circles of this region and was
particularly interested in Free Masonry, being
affiliated with Fort Kent Lodge, Ancient Free and
Accepted Masons ; Aroostook Chapter, No. 20, Royal
Arch Masons : Presque Isle Council, Royal and

Select Masters : Commandery, Houlton, Knights

Trmnlar : and Kora Temple, Ancient Arabic Order
Ncbles of the Mystic Shrine ; he had taken his
thirty-second degree in Free Masonry and was one

120

HISTORY OF MAINE

of the best known members of the order in this
region. Mr. Bradbury was also affiliated with the
local lodges of the Benevolent and Protective Order
of Elks; and the Order of Woodmen, and held
various chairs in these two fraternal bodies. In
religious belief Mr. Bradbury was a non-sectarian,
but attended the Presbyterian church at Fort Kent.
Lester F. Bradbury was united in marriage, June
r 1887, at Houlton, Maine, with Dora A. Small, a
native of that place, born September 17, 1866, and
a daughter of David W. and Martha (Bradbury)
Small. To Mr. and Mrs. Bradbury the following
children were born: Dora, September 27, 1891, who
became the wife of Niles Pinkham, of Fort Kent;
Winifred, born May 10, 1896; Lester True, born
September 25, 1906; and David S., born October
31, 1910.

JAMES J. McCURDY— Lubec, a village and

summer resort of Washington county, Maine, is
situated on an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, four
miles south of Eastport, with which it is con-
nected by steamer. A strait about half a mile
wide separates Lubec \'illage from the island of
Canpsbello, and it is this fortunate proximity to
ocean and fishing grounds that Lubec icanis its
importance as a sardine packing center and can-
ning point. It is with these, the principal busi-
ness enterprises of his native village, that James
J. McCurdy is connected as president and treas-
urer. He is a native son of Lubec, son of John
and Mary (Morrison) ilcCurdy. Iiis father a far-
mer, dying in 1868.

James J. McCurdy was born in Lubec, Maine,
October 20, 1856. He spent the hirst thirty-six
years of his life at the homestead. He attended
the public schools of Lubec, but losing his father
when a lad of twelve he was obliged to forego a
part of his natural school opportunities and aid
in the cultivation of the home farm. As he grew
in years he adopted farming as his business, and
until 1892 continued in the management of the
home farm. He then retired from agriculture and
entered commercial life. His first entrance into
business life was as one of the organizers of the
Columbia Packing Company of Lubec, a company
of which he has long been president and director.
From the successful management of that com-
pany he turned to the ■ packing of sardines
through the medium of the Columbia Canning
Company of Lubec. After that company was in
successful operation, Mr. McCurdy organized the
Union Sardine Company, of Lubec, a successful
corporation of which he is president and direc-
tor, his brother, John P. McCurdy, its treasurer.

That he has made these three corporations
models of business management and operation
is but to say that he gives them his personal at-
tention, and that there is no detail too trivial
to command his attention, if it is a part of his
duty. The industries named are prosperous and
employ about 250 hands, this contributing largely
to Lubec's prosperity. Mr. McCurdy is a Demo-
crat in politics, and in 1915-16 represented his
district in the Maine Legislature. He is a mem-
ber of the Roman Catholic church, the Knights of
Columbus, and the Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks. He takes a deep interest in all
that pertains to the welfare of Lubec, which vil-
lage has long been his home. He still owns the
old farm, and is a man universally respected.

Mr. McCurdy married, in 1900, at Lubec, Eliza-
beth S. Murry, daughter of James Murry.

JOSEPH NADEAU, late of Fort Kent, Maine,

where he was engaged in the successful mercantile
business for many years and where his death oc-
curred in November, 1885, was a native of Acadia,
Nova Scotia, Canada, his birth occurring there in
1805.

As a lad he worked on his father's farm and
never had the advantages of schooling of any kind.
He was. however, gifted with an unusually bright
and alert intelligence, and was one of those who
learn most readily in the school of experience, so
that as a man he was possessed of an excellent
general education which he had gained from inter-
course with other men and from independent read-
ing. He continued to work as a farmer for some
years after he had grown to manhood, and also
did considerable boating on the St. John river.
'Ahile still a young man, however, he came to the
L^nited States and was the first settler at Fort Kent,
being at that place seven years before the soldiers
came. Here also he farmed for a time but later,
as the settlement began to grow, opened a small
store which kept pace with the development of the
community so that eventually it became an important
mercantile establishment. Mr. Nadeau also inter-
ested himself greatly in the general life of the
community, and was an active participant in the
political affairs thereof. He was a staunch sup-
porter of the Democratic party, being one of its
leaders in that time, and held a number of important
nffiices in the gift of the community. He served as
the representative of Fort Kent in the State Legisla-
ure for one term, and it was during that time that
the first bridge was constructed across Fish River
at Fort Kent, he being one of the chief promoters
of the -scheme. In his religious belief Mr. Nadeau

/c>.ir/t/( ^\fu/<'ai{^

^>^fz^.^^^<

BIOGRAPHICAL

121

was a Roman Catholic, and attended the church of
this denomination at Fort Kent from the time of
its foundation until his death.

Joseph Nadeau married (first) in 1831, at St.
Bazile, Canada, Flavie Martin, a daughter of
Thomas and Mary L. Martin, by whom he was
the father of six children, all of them daughters.
After the death of his first wife Mr. Nadeau mar-
ried (second) Alice E. ^^'hite, a daughter of John
Vv'hite. of Ireland, and they were the parents of
six children, as follows : Joseph, Richard, John A.,
Henry V.'.. Alice E.. and Cynthia M. Henry W. is
the only one who survives, all the others being de-
ceased, as are also the si.x children by the former
marriage.

tin) Audibert, old and highly respected residents
of that place. To Mr. and Mrs. Nadeau the follow-
ing children have been born: Alice May, November
8, 1882; Mattie Edna, November 14, 1883; May
Jane, December II, 1884; Gertrude T., March 14.
1886; Joseph Henry, June 6, 1890; Eveline R., Jan-
uary 7, 1892; and Alma Rose, October 10, 1894

HENRY W. NADEAU, the well known and
popular postmaster of Fort Kent, Maine, and the
owner of the general store and a blacksmith's shop
at this place, is a son of Joseph and Alice E.
(White) Nadeau, the former a native of Canada.

Henry W'l Nadeau was born February 2, 1856, at
Fort Kent, Maine, where his father was in business
as a merchant at the time, and attended the local
public school of this place. Upon completing his
studies Mr. Nadeau entered his father's mercan-
tile establishment, and remained as his father's as-
sistant until the death of the elder man. He then
assumed the management of the concern and has
operated it with a notable degree of success for the
past tv.^enty-four years. He was also interested in
farming in this region and has carried on success-
ful agricultural operations here for a long period.
Mr. Nadeau opened a blacksmith's shop at Fort
Kent, and added this to his other activities, meet-
ing with success in this enterprise as in the others.
Mr. Nadeau is a man of wide interests and enter-
prising nature and has become prominent in almost
every aspect of the business life of this community.
In addition to his private ventures, he is also a
stockholder in the Fort Kent Trust Company, and
is justly regarded as one of the most substantial
citizens of the town. In politics Mr. Nadeau, like
his father, is a Democrat and has taken a leading
part in politics hereabouts for many years. For
twelve years he has served as postmaster at Fort
Kent, and has also held the offices of assessor of
the village, and selectman of the township, the
latter office being filled by him for nearly a quarter
of a century. In religious belief Mr. Nadeau is a
Roman Catholic and attends St. Louis Church of
this denomination here.

Henry W. Nadeau was united in marriage. Jan-
uary 7. 1882, at Fort Kent. Maine, with Zeline
Audibert, a daughter of Joseph and Margaret (Mar-

JOHN CLAIR MINOT was born at Bel-
grade, Maine, November 30, 1872, the son of
George Evans and Efliie (Parcher) Minot. He
is of the tenth generation from George Minot,
who came from Saffron Walden, County of Es-
sex, England, and admitted 1634 a freeman at
Dorchester, Masaschusetts.

Mr. Minot received his primary education at
the public schools, and graduated in 1896 from
Bowdoin College with the degree of A.B. He
early turned his attention to a journalistic career,
and from 1907 to 1909 was associate editor of the
Kennebec Journal, published at Augusta, Maine.
In the latter year he came to Boston. Massachu-
setts, and became associated with the Youth's
Companion. In the literary world Mr. Minot is
well known for his historical work, his poems,
stories, articles and lectures. He is the author
of the "History of Belgrade," "Centennial His-
tory of Augusta," "History of the Theta and
Delta Kappa Epsilon," 1844-1894, "The Stag of
Bowdoin," 1896; "Tales of Bowdoin," 1901; "Bow-
doin Verse," 1907; "Under the Bowdoin Pines,"
1907. He is a treasurer of the Theta Chapter
House Association; a member of the fraternity
Delta Kappa Epsilon, the Maine Historical So-
ciety, the Press Association, and the Dorchester
Historical Society. In fraternal circles he has
been the presiding officer of his Masonic lodge,
chapter and commandery. He is also a member
of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
He has served his alnia mater in its board of
overseers. His political affiliations are with the
Republican party, and he is a member of the
Congregational church.

Mr. Minot married (first) July 23, 1903, Sophia
A. Howe, of Dixfield, Maine. His second m&rriage
took place February 20, 1912, to Marion Bow-

ERNEST ARTHUR RANDALL— The name
Randall appears early and often in the records of
New England towns. Phillip Randall was a pio-
neer settler of Dorchester, Massachusetts, before

May I), 163-1, fo'' he was made a freeman on that
day. Richard Randall was in Saco, Maine, as
early as 1659. The names of a score of other

HISTORY OF MAINE

Randalls are recorded in the annals of New Eng-
land, who were heads of families before 1700. The
Randalls of this article may be descended from
Richard Randall, of Saco.

(I) Isaac Randall resided in Freeport, in which
city his death occurred. He married Elizabeth
Cummings, who died in Portland, daughter of
Daniel and Elizabeth Cummings, of Freeport, the
former of whom was born May 15, 1774- Chil-
dren of Mr. and Mrs. Randall: Amanda, Ascen-
ath, Malleville, Mary, Clara E., Joseph Perley
John Freeman and Albert Isaac.

(II) John Freeman Randall, seventh child and
second son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Cummings)
Randall, was born in Freeport, May 20, 1839, and
died in Portland, Maine, November 7, 1894. He
attended the public schools' of Freeport, and
after completing his studies went to Portland
to learn the trade of ship-carpenter with his uncle,
John Cummings. After completing his appren-
ticeship he shipped on board a vessel and made
a voyage to Mobile, Alabama, and was there em-
ployed on the city water works, of which he had
charge during the winter of 1859-60. Returning
to Portland he worked at his trade until the out-
break of the slave-holders rebellion. FTe ■■■•as
then about twenty-two years old, strong, brave
and patriotic, and offered his services for the de-
fence of the Union. He became a private in the
Portland Rifle Guards, which organization be-
came Company E of the First >.Ia:ne Volr.r.toer
Infantry, which was mustered into the service for
a period of three months. May 3, 1861, and was
stationed at Meriden Hill; he was mustered out
the same year. He soon formed a partnership
with Henry McAllister, under the firm name,
Randall & McAllister, and was engaged in the
coal trade. Subsequently Edward H. Sargent
took an interest for a short time, but in 1884 Mr.
Randall became sole proprietor of the business
which has always been conducted under the old
name of Randall & McAllister. The management
and development of what was probably and is
the largest business of the kind in New England
illustrated the splendid ability of Mr. Randall as
a merchant. Beginning with a very limited capi-
tal, he built up a business that gave employment
to a number of vessels, varying from eight hun-
dred to one thousand, requiring from eight thou-
sand to ten thousand men to navigate them, and
gave him the well-merited title of the "coal king
of New England." When he began business the
coal trade was in its infancy— a small and insig-
nificant trade — which he fostered and developed
until it became one of the leading industries of

the New England country. The coal he dealt in
embraced both anthracite and bituminous, and
was shipped from Norfolk, Baltimore, Phialdel-
phia and New York to Portland and other parts
of Maine, and to a limited extent to St. John,
New Brunswick. The cargoes received at Port-
land were deposited in two great pockets, one
on his own wharf, the other, built and owned by
him, on the wharf of the Nev/ York and Boston
steamers. From these pockets he not only sup-
plied the local trade, but sent large quantities
by rail into the interior towns of Maine, New
Hampshire and Vermont. About one-half of Mr.
Randall's shipments were bituminous coal, and
among his largest customers in that line was the
Maine Central and Grand Trunk railways and the
various steamer lines sailing from Portland.

The building up of this great business in
thirty-three years proved conclusively that Mr.
Randall, though not born to riches nor trained
in mercantile pursuits, was a person of self-con-
fidence, resolution, energy, tenacity of purpose,
tact, sagacitj', unsullied integrity and superior
business ability, which secured and retained the
entire confidence of the business world. Be-
sides his private business, he was associated with
some other enterprises. He was a director in
the Casco National Bank, the Eastern Forge and
the Portland Company, a corporation engaged in
the manufacture of machinery, and was a trus-
tee of the Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary. In the
last named institution he was much interested,
and to it he left a legacy at his death, which
he intended to be of lasting benefit. He was a
Republican in political sentiment, but confined
himself chieflj' to his special field of activity,
though he did fill a place in the City Council in
1872 and 1873. He took more interest in the fra-
ternal orders, and was a member of Portland
Lodge, No. I, Ancient Free and Accepted Ma-
sons: Mt. Vernon Chapter, Royal Arch Masons;
Portland Commandery, Knights Templar; Beacon
Lodge, No. 67, Independent Order of Odd Fel-
lows; Michigonne Encampment.

Mr. Randall married, January i, 1S62, Ehira
Small, born in Portland, February 19, 1839, daugh-
ter of Eli and Elmira K. (Hood) Sargent, of
Anisquam, formerly Cape Ann, Massachusetts
(see Sargent). Children: Mabel Ascenath, born
May 9, 1863, married Henry F. Merrill; CliflFord
Stowers, mentioned below; John Howard, men-
tioned below; Maude Havens, born March i, 1870,
married William L. Taylor; Grace Ethel, born
January 3, 1874, unmarried; Ernest Arthur, men-
tioned below; Marion Stanwood, born October

rU-c^ /< /Ct^Cc Lcylci^JL/'

(^ &^ K^^m<5>,

BIOGRAPHICAL

3, 1879, married John D. Baile, of Montreal, Can-
ada, two children, Marion and Elizabeth; Claire
Elizabeth, born November 24, 1881, married
Harry W. Lothrop.

(Ill) Clifford Stowers Randall, second child
and eldest son of John Freeman and Elvira Small
(Sargent) Randall, was born in Portland. May
8, 1865. He obtained his primary education in
the public schools of Portland, and at an early
age went West on account of ill health, spending
some years there and continuing his studies in
private schools. On his return to his native city
to took a position in his father's business which
he filled until the incorporation of the business,
Randall & McAllister. He was then elected vice-
president of the Randall & McAllister Coal Com-
pany, and has since performed the duties of that
position. He is a Republican, but has no politi-
cal ambition. In religious belief he is a Congre-
gationalist. He takes an active interest in ath-
letic sports and outdoor events, and is a member
of the Countr>-, Portland Athletic, and the Port-
land Yacht clubs, and the Portland Power Boat
and the Great Pond associations. He married
Rena Foster Merrill, daughter of Clinton Merrill.
They have one child, John Freeman, born March
25, 1905.

(Ill) John Howard Randall, second son and
third child of John Freeman and Elvira Small
(Sargent) Randall, was born in Portland, June
12, 1867. He attended the schools of Portland,
and is living on a farm at Harrison, Maine, of five
hundred acres of land, and gives his time to its
management. He has an interest in the Randall-
McAllister Coal Company of Portland. He mar-
ried Lida A. Trafton, in 1897.

(Ill) Ernest Arthur Randall, sixth child and
third son of John Freeman and Elvira Small (Sar-
gent) Randall, was born in Portland, January 3,
1876. He attended the Portland public schools
and later the Phillips Exeter Academy, gradu-
ating from the latter institution in 1896. He en-
tered the services of his father in the coal busi-
ness, in which he has ever since been employed.
When the firm was incorporated, Ernest A. Ran-
dall became president of the concern. He shares
the religious and political predelections of the
famil}', votes the Republican ticket, and worsliips
with the Congregationalists. He has no affili-
ation with secret societies, but is a member of the
following named clubs: Country, Portland Ath-
letic, Portland Gun, Portland Canoe, Portland
Power Boat, Portland Yacht, and the Boston Ath-
letic Association of Boston. He married Edna
M. Mills, born in 1878, daughter of William G.

and Georgiana Mills. Children: Elizabeth Mills,
born November 7, 1903 ; and Eleanor 1\l., born
November 17, 1906.

PERCY ELMER HIGGINS was born Decem-
ber 28, 1885, the son of Andrew J. and Addie C.
Higgins. He was educated at the district schools
and then went to the Ellsworth High School, and
later to the University of Maine Law School. Since
lie was admitted to the bar he has practiced lav at
Limestone, Maine. Since 1913 he has been the
tax collector for the town of Limestone, Maine.
He is a member of the firm of Blair & Higgins,
and is connected with the Limestone Trust Com-
pany. He is a member of the Masonic order and
of the Odd Fellows. He holds membership in Diego
Club, Ellsworth, Maine. He is a member of the
Protestant Episcopal church.

Mr. Higgins married at Caribou, Maine, in 1913,
Hattie O. Bouher, and they have had three chil-
dren : Ralph P., born December, 1914 ; Charles
Jackson, born in June, 1916; and Ella May, born
in December, 191 7.

CARL FOLSOM GETCHELL— In that sec-
tion of the State of Maine in which Monmouth is
situated, the name Getchcll stands for success,
because all of the family have made a great suc-
cess of their life work. One of them, Carl Folsom
Getchell, is one of the rising men of the com-
munity, though still in his thirties, having been
born at Monmouth, May 17, 1883. His father
was Mark L. Getchell, the founder and sole
owner of the large moccasin manufacturing plant
of that name. The product of the M. L. Getchell
^Manufacturing Company is known all over the
State of Maine as the "Monmouth Moccasin," a
high grade foot covering.

Though the son, Carl F. Getchcll, grew up in
a business atmosphere, his inclinations did not
lead him toward following in his father's foot-
steps, he preferring a college training and profes-
sional life. He attended the local schools, but
soon grew beyond them; so after the usual pre-
paratory measures he entered Dartmout!i Col-
lege, from which he graduated when only twenty-
two years old with a degree of A.B. in the class
of 1905. Choosing the legal profession as the
goal to which he aspired. Carl Folsom Getchell
became a student in the School of Law, Univer-
sity of Maine. Here was bestowed upon him the
degree of Bachelor of Laws in the class of
1910; from this time to the present he has led
what might be termed in the language of the day
a "hustling" life. He is the senior member of the

HISTORY OF MAINE

firm of Getchell & Hosmer, attorneys at law, with
offices at No. 64 Lisbon street, Lewiston, his
partner being Charles B. Hosmer, now holding
the office of vice-consul of the United States to
Havana, Cuba. Mr. Getchell is at the present
time, and has been for the past four years, soli-
citor for the city of Auburn, the county seat of
Androscoggin county. With his usual progres-
sive ideas, Mr. Getchell points with civic pride
to the fact that in 191S Auburn, v.ith its popula-
tion of 17,000, was the first city in Maine to adopt
the city manager form of municipal government,
the new idea of applying business methods to the
running of a city. In addition to these occupa-
tions Mr. Getchell is attorney for and a direc-
tor of the Central Maine Loan and Building As-
sociation of Lewiston-Auburn, in the organization
of which he was instrumental. Its directorate in-
cludes many of the leading men of 1 olh cities,
and it is regarded as a foremost enterprijc of the
"Tv.'in Cities" as they are so often called, the
Androscoggin river only marking the dividing
line.

In politics Mr. Getchell is a Republican, having
represented that party in the City Council in
1906 and 1907; he is also a member of the Re-
publican City Committee, of which he has been
chairman for many years. While at Dartmouth
College and during his career at the University
of Maine, Mr. Getchell joined several Greek l-.t-
ter societies, and still retains an interest in his
fraternities. He is also a member of the Benevo-
lent and Protective Order of Elks, being con-
nected with Augusta Lodge, and of the Rotary
Club of Lewiston-Auburn. He is an e.x-president
of the last mentioned body. With the same
thoroughness which he has given to other
things, Mr. Getchell has gone through the various
degrees of Free Masonry from the Blue Lodge
up to the thirty-second degree, and is now a
member of the Shrine. Lastly, he and his fam-
ily are members of the Elm Street Universalist
Church of Auburn.

In the city of .-\uburn, October 6, igog, Carl
Folsom Getchell was married to Lillian Bearce.
by whom he has one child, Elizabeth. Mrs. Get-
chell is the daughter of W. Chandler Bearce, for
many years a leading manufacturer of shoes, op-
erating two large plants, one in Lewiston and the
other across the river in Auburn, he being a di-
rector and secretary of the National Shoemakers'
Association. The mother of Mrs. Getchell was
Julia (Wood) Bearce, whose father owned the
site of Mr. Bcarce's present home. Mrs. Bearce
died in 1914.

The mother of Carl Folsom Getchell was Au-
gusta (\\'oodbury) Getchell, daughter of Hugh
Woodbury, of Litchfield, Maine.. The family to
which she belonged was unusually large, being
comprised of twelve children, each one holding a
high place in their day and generation. The
elder Mrs. Getchell had two children: Mary M.,
v>ife of Harrie E. IMerrill, of Monmouth, born
June 15, 1875; and Carl Folsom Getchell. The
son paid a high tribute to his mothers' character
when he said "she was much beloved by all
who knew her, and she was always happiest when
doing something for others." Mrs. Getchell was
actively engaged in church work as well as in
the social life of the community where she re-
sided. She died at her home in Auburn, Sep-
tember 15, 1915.

The dominant characteristics of Carl Folsom
Getchell are energy and devotion to business;
these he inherits largely from his father, Mark L.
Getchell, whose business career was successful
beyond the average. Though the son is a Uni-
versalist, his father was a Congregationalist in
religious faith, and his grandfather. Elder Mark
Getchell, was a Baptist clergyman. Elder Get-
chell's wife, Sara, survived him by several years,
her death not taking place until the latter part
of the last century. Elder Getchell and his wife
liad four children: Mark L., Amiziah, George H.,
and Sarah Jacques. The Getchell family is re-
puted to be of Scotch-Irish descent, with an ad-
ded strain of English blood. The first known
ol them is the arrival in America of tv.o l)roth-
ers, one locating in New England and the other
in Chicago, where he became a beef packer in the
early days of that city. The mother of these two
brothers was supposed to be of English descent,
according to early data in the possession of the
family.

FRED HERBERT CARR— One of the most
conspicuous figures in the industrial life of Sanger-
ville, Maine, was the late Fred Herbert Carr, whose
death on June 7, 1918, at his home in Sangerville,
left a gap in the life of this community which it
will be difficult to fill. Mr. Carr was a native of
.^bbot, Maine, born March 27, 1857, and he was a
member of an old and highly respected family
which had made its home in Maine for a number
of generations. He was a grandson of Moses Carr,
who was born at Mt. Vernon in this State, in the
year 1810, and who was for many years a prom-
inent lumberman and woolen manufacturer and the
president of the Sangerville Woolen Company.
Moses Carr was one of the pioneers of Sangerville,

Sfe

c^x

MOSES CARR, loo yrs.

FRED H. CARR, 53 yrs.

OGDEN MOSES CARR,

FRANK S. CARR, 76 yrs.
OMAR F. CARR, 25 yrs.
2 yrs. 8 mos.

;I0GRAPHICAL

and his career was an important factor in the de-
velopment of this town. He was a strong Demo-
crat in politics and took an active part in public
life. His death occurred in 1911, at the venerable
age of one hundred and one years. One of his
children was Frank S. Carr, who was born at
Sangerville in 1834, and was educated at this place.
He succeeded to the various business enterprises of
his father and was a merchant, lumberman and
wool manufacturer for many years. He was a
stockliolder in the Kineo Trust Company of Dover,
Maine, and the Guilford Trust Company cf Guil-
ford, and a prominent man in the community. He
married Sarah Mudgett, and one of their children
was Fred Herbert Carr, of this sketch.

Fred Herbert Carr, like his father and grand-
father, began the serious business of life at a very
youthful age, his educational advantages in cliild-
hood being very meagre. For a time, as a youth,
he worked on a farm, and assisted his father v.'ith
his lumbering activities, working in the woods of
Maine, cutting down and shaving the rough tim-
bers for transportation He later became interested,
in association with his father, in a general store in
the village of Sangerville. Still later, he became
connected W'ith the Sangerville V.'oolen Company,
of which his grandfather and father were respec-
tively the president and vice-president, and soon
rose to the position of secretary and treasurer of
that concern. It was mainly through his efforts
that the company purchased the old mill which
stands on the site of the present Glencoe Mill No.
I at Sangerville from Mr. D. R. Campbell, this mill
being for many years the plant in which the Sanger-
ville Woolen Company manufactured its product.
In 1890 the mill was burned, but Mr. Carr would
not be discouraged, and at once set to work to
erect another structure, which is now owned and
operated by the Old Colony Woolen Mills Com-
pany. Mr. Carr was one of the chief organiEers
of this concern, held the office of assistant treasurer,
and was a member of its board of directors until
the close of his life. Circumstances beyond the
control of any individual brought ill fortune to this
concern, and some years ago, on account of tariff
changes, and an alteration in the methods of the
commission merchants of New York, the Sanger-
ville Woolen Company was obliged to close it's
doors, and it was decided by Mr. Carr and his as-
sociates to re-organize oil a new and solid financial
foundation. Mr. Carr was untiring in his efforts
and worked for several years, until in April. 1916,
he had gathered about him a number of capitalists
and industrial leaders who formed a new company.
Conditions at that time were very difficult, but Mr.

Carr devoted himself to overcoming all obstacles
and lived to see the mills for which he had given
so much of his time and energy an assured success.
The new company also owned a mill at Rochester,
New Hampshire, which it is also successfully oper-
ating. In addition to his private business interests,
Mr. Carr always took a public-spirited part in the
affairs of the community of which he was a mem-
ber, and it is perhaps due to him, more than to
any other individual, that Srjigerville no-,-.- po.-scsscs
a modern and first class lighting and power system,
and one of the best water systems in the State.
Other improvements in -which he was largely in-
strumental was the building of the Universalist
church, a large portion of which was paid for by
him, although this was not commonly known until
after his death. All the Carr ancestors have been
Universalists in religious belief and in this matter
Fred Herbert Carr followed their lead and was
one of the most prominent workers in the Universal-
i-it church of this place. He was also a trustee of
the Kineo Trust Company of Dover, Maine, as his
father and grandfather had been before him. A
staunch Republican in politics, Mr. Carr was well
known in party circles, and was for many years a
member of the Republican town committee. He was
also a member of Aimer V-."ade Lodge, Ancient Free

and Accepted Masons ; Lodge. Knight? of

Pythias : the Ancient Independent Order of United
Workmen; and the Order of Foresters.

Fred Herbert Carr was united in marriage at
Sangerville, Maine, in August, 1877, with Susie
■\Iaria Oakes, a daughter of .-\bcl and :^.Iary Oakes,
old and highly respected residents of this place.
Mr. and Mrs. Carr were the parents of tlircc chil-
dren, as follows: i. Harold Malcolm, born May 22,
1879; was educated at the Sangerville High School,
Foxcroft Academy, Foxcroft, Maine, and the Un-
iversity of Maine, Orono, Maine, from which he
graduated with the class of 1902 ; he became asso-
ciated with his father in the Sangerville Woolen
Company, of which concern he was superintendent
for a number of years, and when the company re-
organized and purchased a mill at Rochester. New
Hampshire, he was elected superintendent, agent and
assistant treasurer of the Rochester J\Iill of the
Old Colony Woolen Mill Company, which positions
he still holds: he ranks with the best in the woolen
industry in New England: he married. March 30.
IQTO, ^'aiide Isabellc, daughter of Wilb'am and Isn-
belle (Ecntlei-l Dexter: they are the parents of
three children : Malcolm Frederick, born February
21, lOil : Kenneth William, born November 27. 1914;
Douglass Harold, born April I, T016. 2. Ethel Mae,
l^orn Tnnuary .\. 1882: educated at Sangerville High

HISTORY OF MAINE

School, Shaw Business College, Portland, ilaine,
and a graduate of a Domestic Science School in
Massachusetts; she is now teaching Domestic
Science in a city school in Quincy, Alassachusetts.
3 Omar Frank, born October 8, 1884; educated at
the Higgins Classical Institute of Charleston, Maine,
from which he graduated with the class of 1904,
and became assistant superintendent of the Sanger-
ville Woolen Company; he is now superintendent
of the Old Colony Woolen Mills Company of San-
gerville, and one of the most active of the younger
business men of this place; he married, August i,
1906, Josephine Emma, daughter of Sylvester and
Josephine (Coombs) Phinney; they are the parents
of one child, Ogden M., born September 10, 1907,
and now a student at the public schools of Sanger-
ville.

CLAPP FAMILY— The records of those who
have worthily served and represented their day
and generation in the State of Maine contain no
chapter that chronicles more consecrated devo-
tion to the public weal or greater achievement in
private enterprise than that which sets forth the
lives and works of the Clapps, father and son,
Asa and Asa William Henry Clapp. Descendants
in the fifth and sixth generations of Thomas
Clapp, American founder of an ancient English
line, their lives and activities extended well over
the first century of the historj' of the United
States, the city of Portland their home. They
were men of distinguished accomplishment and
position, citizens who led in those projects which
make for a city's permanence and greatness, men
to whom their fellows looked for leadership and
guidance in times of stress. Never seeking per-
sonal preference, never evading responsibility
that came as duty, never deviating from lofty
principles, they lived to serve, and though years
have passed since they were called from labor to
reward their influence is seen and felt in many
institutions they helped to found.

.^sa Clapp, son of Abiel Clapp, grandson of
Samuel Clapp, great-grandson of Thomas Clapp,
who was a son of Thomas Clapp, the founder of
the family in America in 1633, was born in Mans-
field, Bristol county, Massachusetts, March 15,
1762. The death of his parents when he was but a
boy threw him upon his own resources. He se-
cured a public school education, and at the age
of sixteen years volunteered to substitute Tor a
young man who had been drafted to serve in the
Colonial forces under General Sullivan for the
expulsion of the British from Rhode Island in
1778. Later he entered the nava! service, his

fidelity and intrepidity in action gaining him a
promotion to a first lieutenancy, and on one oc-
casion he effected the capture of a British
vessel mounting eight guns, with a crew three
times as large as that of his vessel. With Joseph
Peabody, of Salem, he was at Port au Prince,
Santo Domingo, during the negro uprising, and
they were able to render valuable and timely aid
to the white population. During the French
blockade in 1793 by England and her allies, when
neutral ships were brought into English ports
whenever they were suspected of being engaged
in French trade, his vessel was captured by Sir
Sydney Smith and was carried to England. After
a six months' delay his ship was released by a
decree of the courts of admiralty and the cargo
paid for by the British government, Mr. Clapp
managing the entire affair so ably and tactfully
that the complete value of the cargo was real-
ized by the owners.

He left the sea in 1796, although his business
interests until his death were mainly in ships and
shipping, his vessels sailing to the ports of
Europe, the East and West Indies, and South
America. His home and offices were in Portland,
and he gained wide reputation as a reliable and
highly successful merchant, knov.-n for exactness
and fairness in all of his dealings wherever his
ships carried the flag of his country.

With his permanent establishment in Portland
he grew into the life and activity of the commu-
nity rapidljf, his talents and abilities finding abun-
dant opportunity for expression in civic enter-
prises, in public office, and in whole-hearted, ear-
nest support of the national government during
the Second W'ar with Great Britain. His per-
sonal fortunes suffered heavily when American
shipping was practically driven from the seas,
yet he subscribed one-half of his entire resources
when the national finances were straitened and
used his strong influence in persuading his ac-
quaintances to similar sacrifice. He was a sol-
dier in the Portland corps organized to protect
the city from the fleets which were committing
destructive depredations between the Penobscott
river and Eastport. His home was open to the
officers of the army and navy, who made it a
place of general resort, and there enjoyed the
most generous of bountiful New England hospi-
tality. He was appointed one of the commis-
sioners to obtain subscriptions to the United
States Bank, to which corporation he was the
largest subscriber in Maine. Prior to the separa-
tion of Maine and Massachusetts, he was a mem-
ber of the Governor's Council of Massachusetts,

^^/>^C^ <^^^/^

'Z^y

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BIOGRAPHICAL

127

and in 1819 he was one of the delegates to the
convention for framing the State Constitution,
then for several years representing Portland in
the State Legislature.

The Clapp mansion, which has been occupied
by the family for three generations, was one of
the most imposing and splendidly appointed of
the homes of early Portland, and there many of
the leading national figures of the day were enter-
tained. The following is a nev.-s paper record oi
a reception tendered President Monroe:

The President honored by his presence in the eve-
ning a Inrge and elegant party given by the Honorable
A. Clapp. About three hundred persons v.ere present.
The house was handsomely illuminated in honor of
his veuerable guest. We feel ourselves inrompptent (o
do justice to the brilliant assemblage of beauty that
filled the elegant apartments of our hospitable fellow-
tov.-nsman. It was a source of regret that Mrs. Clapp
was absent on a visit to distant friends, but our regret
■would have been much enhanced had not her accom-
plished daughters compelled us to forget that anything
could be wanting which good taste, ease and graceful-
ness of manners could supply. A band of music play-
ing through the evening gave a zest to the festivity.
At the time the President retired, the younger part of
the company had formed a party and were en.ir.ying n
dance under the piazza. When it was announced thai
the President v.-as retiring, the dancers ininiediate'.y
withdrew from the piazza and formed a double line
from the door to the gate, through which he passed.
and when he reached the gate he was received with
three hearty cheers from the large concourse of citizens.

Mr. Clapp was a warm supporter of the Demo-
cratic party and received many of its prominent
members at his home, President Polk and James
Buchanan being there entertained when he was
eighty-five years of age.

Mr. Clapp's death occurred in April, io;8, vi-hen
he was eighty-six years of age. He retained all
of his mental alertness and brilliance until the
very end of his life and administered his large
affairs with vigor and preci?ion, arranging thcrn
with such minute care that there were no de-
mands outstanding against his estate with the
exception of the bill for the daily paper, the sub-
scription for which had not yet expired. The
flags of all the vessels in the harbor and on the
signal staffs of the observatory were appropri-
ately placed at half-mast.

Mr. Clapp married Elizabeth, daughter of Dr.
Jacob Quincy, and a descendant of Edmund
Quincy, deputy to the first General Court of Mas-
sachusetts, in May. 1634; of Colonel Edmund
Quincy, deputy for six years to the Massachu-
setts General Court, and member of the Council
for Safety of the People in 1689; of Judge Ed-
mund Quincy, of the Superior Court of Massachu-
setts, who was agent to the Court of St. James
in 1737. Numbered among her other distin-
guished ancestors were: Rev. Henry Flynt, min-

ister at Braintree from 1640 to 1668; Major-
Gcncral Daniel Gookin, speaker of the Massa-
chusetts General Court in 1651; Thomas Willet,
first mayor of New York, 1665-67, who was an as-
sistant of Plymouth Colony from 1651 to 1654;
Evert Jansen Wendell, magistrate of Fort Or-
ange in 1660; John Wendell, commissioner of In-
dian affairs in New York, 1690 ; and Johannes Pie-
terse Van Brugh, burgomeister of New Amsterdam,
1673-74. Mrs. Asa Clapp was a niece of Dorothy
Quincy, who married John Hancock, and a grand-
niece of the earlier "Dorothy Q.," immortalized by
Oliver Wendell Holmes, her great-great-grand-
son. Treasured in the Clapp family for years
have been John Hancock's chariot, silver, and
other objects of antiquarian and historic inter-
est and value. Asa and Elizabeth (Quincy)
Clapp were the parents of: Charles and Eliza W.,
died in childhood; Elizabeth, Francis Billings,
Charles Quincy, Mary Jane Gray, and Asa Wil-
liam Henry.

Asa William Henry Clapp, son of Asa and
Elizabeth (Quincy) Clapp, was born in Portland,
March 6, 1805, and died March 22, 1891. Follov.--
ing his graduation from Norwich Academy, in
Vermont, an institution founded by Captain Al-
den Partridge, he journeyed through thfe South
and West, combining education with pleasure,
and during this trip kept a careful diary, which in-
cluded an account of a visit to the Hermitage,
General Jackson's home in Tennessee. Upon his
return he entered his father's estaMi .',nu nt.
where he received strict instruction in business
principles and dealings. Until 1848 he was ex-
tensively engaged in foreign commerce indepen-
dently, then becoming his father's assistant in the
latter's varied interests. He was associated with
his brother, Charles Q. Clapp, in many Portland
enterprises, the honor and name of the family
safe in their zealous keeping.

In the avenues of business he attained to the
respected place of his revered father, and in his
public service and his support of civic and phil-
anthropic movements he was a successor whose
v.orks added fresh lustre to a v.'orthy reputa-
tion. The Maine General Hospital, relief funds,
charitable and educational institutions all bene-
ted by his generous donations which were made
almost in absolute secrecy, so little did he care
for popular acclaim. Nor did he act only through
organized agents. Frequently his was the aid
that saved the day for a young business man, or
gave another the opportunity to prepare for or to
establish himself in a life work. His sympathy
was boundless and his friendly impulses rarely

128

HISTORY OF MAINE

led him astray. Until his death he served as a
director of the Maine General Hospital, the last
meetings of the board which he attended being
held in his library when he became too feeble to
leave his home. He was also a director of the
public library.

A lifelong Democrat and intensely interested in
public and political affairs, he became one of
the leaders of his party in the State. He partici-
pated in State and National campaigns with
voice and pen, fearlessly and fairly fighting for
the candidate supporting the cause he believed
right. He attended the National Democratic Con-
vention in 1S48 at Baltimore, and in 1852 was a
delegate-at-large to the convention in that city
which nominated Franklin Pierce for president.
He preferred that his influence be confined to
the support of candidates of merit, but in 1847 it
became imperative that he accept personal pref-
erence, and he yielded to the persuasion of his
friends, becoming the Congressional candidate
and filling a seat in the Thinieth Congress. It is
a remarkable tribute to his place in the regard of
his fellows that his political opponents went on
record in the following resolution:

Resolved ; That Asa W. H. Cliipp, by his integrity,
ability, nnd undeviating devotion to" the cause of
Democracy merits the confidence of the Republicans of
this Congressional district. The unanimous nomination
by him received this day in convention is a sufficient
guarantee that he will receive at the polls the undivid-
ed support of our constituents for the dignified and

the

iididate he is

His promotion of the interests of his district
particularly in the securing of an appropriation
for the purchase of the Exchange building for a
customs house and post office, won him the
gratitude and commendation of his friends in both
parties, the City Council passing resolutions of
thanks for his valuable services. The pressure
of private aft'airs forbade his continuance in of-
fice, but throughout his entire life he remained in
intimate touch with the issues of the day and with
the leaders of political thought and action. At
the age of eighty-three he journeyed from Craw-
ford's, New Hampshire, to cast his ballot for
Judge Putnam, gubernatorial nominee.

When death called him from a life of v.ell
doing his loss called forth a chorus of regret
from the many circles in which he moved and to
v.hich his gentle, uplifting influence extended.
From business associates, from political collea-
gues, from the directorates of institutions he had
befriended, and from individuals who valued
their friendship and relation with this man of
nolle character, came testimonials of love and

respect, addressed to his daughter, Mary J. E.
Clapp, who survives him. The following is an
extract from the record of a meeting of the direc-
tors of the Maine General Hospital, April 4, 1891 ;

StEMOKIAL,

On the 22nd day of March, A. D. 1891, the Honorable
A. W. H. Clapp ended a long and useful life. From ii s
organization until his death he was an active, judicious
and generous director and friend of the Maine General
irospital, taking deep interest in its prosperity and
contributing to its success by wise counsel, by fre-
quent and liberal aid to his resonrses. and by nn
almost lavish use of his time and influence in Its
bthali. His associates in the direction have been
cheered by his unstinted sympathy and strengthened
by his hearty co-operation. They, better than all others,
can appreciate the value of his service to the Hos-
pital. They feel profoundly their own loss and chat
of the Hospital in his decease. It is appropriate lor
this Board, speaking officially, to regard him as w;is
related to the great charity which he so early cook
into his affection, and so long aided to administer. But
they would wrong their own feelings if they passed
over in silence the many and striking graces of his
character. They hold in reverent rtniembrance his
unfailing kindness, his uniform courtesy, his spotless
integrity, and his sense of honor, his sound judgment,
his devotion to what he esteemed true and right, his
charitable spirit, and his abstinence from censorious
speech and unkindly criticism in respect to his fellow-
men. Living long in all serenity and dignity, even
after he had passed within the limits of old age, he
seemed in the later years like a tradition of what was
noble and fine in private, social, and public life at an
earlier period of the State. The directors rejoice that
so large a measure of life was granted to him, and,
while they lamented his decease, are comforted by the
recollection of his virtues and by the thought that tlie
example of his life will continue to work for good
long after his disappearance from their sight. To all
most nearly and keenly touched by this dispensation
of Providence the tender sympathy of this Board is
afforded.

True Extract Attest: F. R. Barrett.

(Signed) Secretary.

Mr. Clapp married, June 23, 1834, Julia Mar-
garetta, only daughter of General Henry Alex-
ander Scammell Dearborn, of Roxbury, Massa-
chusetts. They were the parents of one daugh-
ter, Mary J. E., to whom has fallen the privilege
of cherishing and perpetuating the memory of an
illustrious ancestry.

JAMES EDWARD DRAKE, the present
mayor of Bath, Maine, was born December 9, 1871.
in Bath, the son of James Brainerd and Georgiana
(Lincoln) Drake. The other members of his
father's family are Georgie L., now the wife of
Dr. James ©'Lincoln, of Bath, and Frederick Ellis
Drake, also of Bath.

James E.' Drake obtained his education from
the grade and high schools of Bath, and having
Brsdnated from the latter in 1889, entered Yale
University. Serious illness prevented his com-
pleting his college work, and he entered into
business life, becoming engaged in lumber and

Atu^::^^;^

.y^^dL ^^^^^c^?^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

insurance work. He became assistant treasurer
of the Kennebec Steamboat Company, and treas-
urer of the Eastern Steamboat Company. He
is now the president of the James B. Drake &
Sons' Lumber and Insurance Company, Inc.

Air. Drake is a member of the Masonic order,
and of the Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks. In politics he is a Republican, and in his
religious affiliation is a Congregationalist. He
is a member of the Sagadahoc and Colonial clubs,
and of the Sagadahoc Board of Fire Underwrit-
ers, being president of the latter organization.
He is also a director of the First National Bank
of Bath. He was elected to the office of mayor
of Bath, March, 1918, having been a member of
the city government in 1895-97, being at that time
the youngest official of the municipaUty.

Mr. Drake married, July 23, 1913, Eleanor Jane
Dickson, of Bath, daughter of Captain George
and Mercy (Hodgdon) Dickson, and they have a
son, James Edward, Jr., born October 18, 1914.

JOHN ANDREW PETERS— Representative
of the Third Maine District in the National House
of Representatives, John Andrew Peters entered
upon his career as a legislator after an extended
period upon the bench of the Municipal Court
of Ellsworth, Maine, where he bears worthy
reputation in legal and business circles, the scene
of his life activity. Mr. Peters is a son of Wil-
liam B. and Martha Elizabeth (Chute) Peters,
and was born in Ellsworth, Maine, August 13,
1864.

After preparatory education he entered Bow-
doin College, and was graduated A.B., with hon-
ors, in the class of 1885, winning election to
the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity. At the comple-
tion of a law course he was admitted to the Maine
bar in 1887 and in the following year was awarded
the Master's degree in Arts by Bowdoin College.
He located in legal practice in Ellsworth, becom-
ing a member of the law firm of Peters & Crab-
tree. From i8g6 to 1908 Mr. Peters served as
judge of the Municipal Court of Ellsworth, de-
clining reappointment to this office, and from
1909 to 1913 he was a member of the Maine
House of Representatives, filling the Speaker's
chair in the last year of his service. He was
elected in September, 1913, to fill a vacancy in
the National House of Representatives from the
Third Maine District, and as the Republican can-
didate was re-elected to the Sixty-fourth, Sixty-
fifth and Sixty-sixth congresses. Mr. Peters is
president of the Union Trust Company, of Ells-
worth, the Ellsworth Foundry and Machine

Works, and the Ellsworth Hardwood Company,
also serving the Merrill. Trust Company, of Ban-
gor, as director. He is a member of the Maine
Historical Society, and retains an active interest
in his alma mater as a member of the board of
overees of Bowdoin College. His club is the
Tarratine, of Bangor, Maine.

Jijhn Andrew Peters married, November 20,
1S89, Mary Frances Cushman, of Ellsworth,
Maine.

ASA FAUNCE— The active life of Asa Faunce,
which covered a period of three-quarters of a
century, was mainly spent in Belfast, Maine,
where he was for thirty years a well known and
highly respected merchant and for many years
an officer of two of the leading financial institu-
tions of the city. Mr. Faunce was a descendant
of John Faunce, who came to Plymouth, Massa-
chusetts, in the ship Ann in 1633, the line tracing
through his marriage with Patience Morton to
Thomas Faunce, the elder, who married Jean
Nelson; to Thomas Faunce, the younger, who
married Lydia Barnaby; to James Faunce, who
married Thankful Tobey : to Asa (i) Faunce,
father of Asa Faunce, of this record. Asa (i)
Faunce was born in Sandwich, Massachusetts,
September 11, 1776, and died in Waterville,
Maine, December 10, 1824. He was a cabinet-
maker in calling. He married Miriam Burrill,
born May 30, 1787, died October 16, 1828, daugh-
ter of Ziba and Polly (Chase) Burrill, of Canaan,
Massachusetts. They were the parents of:
Jane, born August 11, 1807; Angelina, born Jan-
uary 17, 1809; Emily, born March 31, 181 1 ; Asa,
of whom further; Daniel, born in 1815; and
George Burrill, born August 22, 1822.

Asa (2) Faunce, son of Asa (i) and Miriam
(Burrill) Faunce, was born in Waterville, Maine,
March 12, 1814, and died in Belfast, Maine,
August 2, 1889, after a business career long and
honorable, spent in busy endeavor, profitable to
himself and to his community. After attending
the public schools of Belfast he became a clerk
in the employ of James P. White, a merchant of
that place, in 1835 establishing in independent
dealing as a general grocer and continuing in
that line with successful result for about thirty
years. He was active in the direction of the
Bank of Commerce as trustee from 1854 to 1868,
filling the position of president from 1857, and
in 1869 he was one of the leading factors in the
organization of the Belfast Savings Bank, of
which he was the first president, serving as such
until two years prior to his death, resigning his

130

HISTORY OF MAINE

office in 1887. The qualities that had won him
prosperity in private enterprise ably safeguarded
and advanced the interests of these institutions
of which he was so long the head, and he en-
joyed the trust and confidence of his fellows to
an unusual degree. He was a banker of wise
caution and yet so faithfully did he judge human
nature that never was a worthy man or firm re-
fused the aid of these institutions, which be-
came instruments of wide usefulness in the lo-
cality. He was a member of the Club of Thirty
and a member of the Unitarian church.

Asa Faunce married, October 8, 1838, Sarah A.
Haraden, born in Belfast, Maine, March 18, 1814,
died October II, 1900, daughter of John and Han-
nah (Brown) Haraden, and they were the par-
ents of: Abbie Haraden, born in 1840, married
William Batchelder Swan (see on another page) ;
William Asa, born 1843, engaged in real estate deal-
ing; Mary Estelle, born 1858, a musician.

10. 1887; May C, born August 13,
ris L., born September 20, 1901.

HARRISON OTIS HUSSEY— The Husseys of
Mars Hill, Aroostook county, Maine, descend
from the ancient English family which traces to
Hugh Hoese, who came from Normandy with
the Conqueror, the name in French being De
Hosey, after anglicized to Hussey. The family in
New England trace to Christopher Hussey, of
Hampton, New Hampshire, who dates from 1530.
The family appeared in Maine with i^top'.ien
Hussey, of the fourth American generation, who
died in Berwick, Maine, May 8, 1770. Harrison
O. Hussey, of Mars Hill, is a son of Sylvanus
Harlow and Mary (Burbush) Hussey, his father
a merchant of Mars Hill, Maine, for many years,
member of the firm, S. H. Hussey & Sons.

Harrison O. Hussey was born in Houlton,
Maine, April 17, 1864. He completed his educa-
tion with graduation from Houlton Academy,
and then became interested in mercantile life, and
in 1881 became associated with his father and
brother in the firm, S. H. Houlton & Sons, of
Blaine, Maine, and continues a successful, highly
esteemed man of business. In 1914 the business
was transferred to Mars Hill, its present location.
He is a director of the Houlton Trust Company,
a Republican in politics, and prior to coming to
Mars Hill had been a selectman of the town of
Blaine for sixteen years. He is a member of the
Unitarian church and helpful in all good causes.
. Mr. Hussey married, in Blaine, a village of
Aroostook county, Maine, twenty-six miles from
Houlton, Lucy W. Lowell, daughter of Ruel W.
and Sarah (Jones) Lowell. Mr. and Mrs. Hussey
are the parents of Stutson Harlow, born June

ERASTUS EUGENE HOLT— There are few
subjects more interesting than that of the origin
of the family names which have grown so famil-
iar to us that we think of them more as perma-
nent things than as the results of a growth,
which, so far as the northern nations of Europe
are concerned, are scarcely older than the second
half of the Christian era. Their roots, of course,
extend back into an immemorial past, and we find
in such primitive forms as the affix "son" or its
equivalent in the different languages, attached
to the first or Christian name, the origin of one
of the largest groups among modern surnames.
In the case of the Holt family, which is repre-
sented in Maine today by the distinguished gen-
tleman whose name heads this sketch, we find
what is probably a very ancient derivation in the
old meaning of the word "holt," which signified
in early English a wood or grove. Doubtless
it was from the proximity of his dwelling to
some such wood that the early progentor of th.is
family received his original designation which
has descended during those many years to these,
his modern progeny. Both in England and in
.America, the Holt family has spread itself pretty
universally so that we find today a great many
branches bearing the old name, and although in
many cases there is no direct connection to be
traced between them, this in no way militates
against the reasonableness 01 presuming them
to have had a common origin, a presumption
which rests upon the opinions of antiquarians
and historians and of students of philology and
the derivation of names.

One of the most distinguished members of
this family in England was Lord Chief Justice
Holt, of whom the historian, Macintosh, said:
"His name can never be pronounced v.'itliout
veneration as long as wisdom and integrity are
revered among men."

The probable founder of the family in this
country and certainly of many of its brandies,
was Nicholas Holt, who sailed in the ship James
of London, William Corper, Master, from Sout-
hampton, England, about April 16, 1635, and
arrived at Boston on June 3rd following. He was
one of the early settlers of Newbury, and later
made his home at Andover, where his death
occurred January 30, 1685, at the age of one hun-
dred and four years, according to the record,
although we have the authority of the liistoriar
Coffin that he was no more than eighty-three

C-x

BIOGRAPHICAL

131

years of age. Many of his descendants remained
in Andover, but one of them, named Amos,
according to Durrie's "Genealogical History, of
the Holt Family in the United States," moved to
Wilton, New Hampshire, and his son Abel moved
from Wilton, New Hampshire, to Weld, Maine.
By the same authority it will be found that Abel
Holt was of the sixth generation from Nicholas
Holt, hence his son, Erastus, was of the seventh,
and Erastus Eugene Holt is of the eighth gen-
eration. Abel Holt was a farmer. He took a
very active interest in public afTairs in the town
of Weld, Maine, holding during his life a num-
ber of town oflfices. His death occurred there.
It was at Weld that he was twice married, and
his first wife was Lydia Pratt, by whom he had
seven children: Hubbard; Erastus, who is men-
tioned below ; Abiah, a son who was lost at sea ;
Otis, Grace, and Isabel. By his second wife he
had two children: Whitman, and a daughter,
Lois. His son, Erastus Holt, the father of Dr.
Erastus Eugene Holt of Portland, was born in
the month of September, 1818, at Weld, Maine.
Like his father, he was a farmer, but he added
to this occupation that of the carpenter, and
lived for a number of years in the city of Port-
land, where he worked at this trade. His de;ith
occurred on January 28, 1897, at the age of
seventy-nine years. He was married to Miss
Lucinda Packard, a daughter of Ephraim and
Lydia (Stiles) Packard, and they were the parents
of the following children: Artemas C., who met
his death in a railroad accident in 1905; Nellie
A., who is now Mrs. Franklin Sanborn, and
makes her home in Franklin, Massachusetts;
Charles Otis, who married Miss Bicknell, of Can-
ton, Maine, and who resides in Lewiston; Hen-
rietta L., now Mrs. Charles Glover, of Canton,
Maine; Emma L., deceased, who married M. T.
Hatch, of Hyde Park, Massachusetts, and Eras-
tus Eugene Holt.

Dr. Erastus Eugene Holt was born in Peru,
Oxford county, Maine, June i, 1849. We find
that his childhood was spent among rural scenes.
When he was four years old his parents moved
to East Stoughton, Massachusetts, where his
father had charge of the town farm and house
of correction for four years, when they moved
back to Peru. When his father went to Cali-
fornia in 1859, he and his oldest brother Artemas
carried on the farming, while his brother Otis
worked out. On the breaking out of the Civil
War in 1861, both of his brothers went into the
army, and he with his mother moved to Canton,
— a village town adjoining Peru. His mother.

while nursing typhoid fever patients, contracted
the disease and died this year, just after his
father's return from California.

It will be seen that Dr. Holt lost his mother
just at the close of his childhood and at the
beginning of the important period of youth. They
had never been separated. His precocity had
enabled him to be much of a companion to her
in the absence of his father in California and
in the stress incident to the brothers going to
the war. She was an ideal Christian mother,
well versed in the literature at her disposal, and
knew how to do all kinds of work incident to
pioneer life, such as weaving cloth from the ra\v
materials and making garments of all kinds, thus
practically supplying all the necessities of her
household. The precepts inculcated during the
important developments of childhood should have
a far-reaching importance in the subsequent
career of any person. With Dr. Holt they did
have this effect for he kept constantly before
him the teachings of his mother as a most prec-
ious heritage to guide him through all the vicis-
situdes of his life.

During youth, Dr. Holt was active in doing
a variety of work on the farm, in the mill, and
in the store, — all the time devoting his spare
time to studying and going to school when he
could. He taught his first district school in the
Canton Mountain District when he was eighteen
years of age. It was in thij district that the
winter before, the older boys made a brutal
assault upon the teacher, injurying him so se-
verely that he was taken to the village, where
the doctor attended him. Notwithstanding, Dr.
Holt knew all about this and knew that the
teacher never fully recovered but died later, it
did not deter him in the least from taking this
school, and he taught it through the winter
successfully.

It was during this period that he organized
an amateur minstrel show, using the school house
for a place for giving the exhibitions. There
was seldom any local play staged without his
active cooperation and participation in it. He
secured the services of Dr. Major, a lecturer of
repute, to give a course of lectures on psychol-
ogy, illustrating all the features of what is now
known as hypnotism. He served as secretarv
to many organizations, and his efficiency and
adaptability to these duties were such that he
was impressed into that service in a Grant Club
in 1S68, which caused his name to be put on
the voting list two years before he was twenty-
one. He served as local correspondent to the

132

HISTORY OF MAINE

Oxford Democrat, a Republican paper published
at Paris, giving the happenings in the eastern
part of Oxford county, many of which he was
the means of bringing about, such as ball games,
wrestling matches, and horse races, of which he
wrote up before and after they came off. By
his diligence he had mastered the Spencerian
system of penmanship, and in actual practice
had become proficient in bookkeeping, so that
he taught these subjects to private classes while
teaching district schools and when attending
school at Hebron Academy, Westbrook Seminary
and Gorham Seminary. Thus in all his activities
he was acquiring one of the greatest lessons of
life, of knowing the value of money and to be
self-dependent in all his plans, so that when
he actually began his manhood career he had
saved money to carry him through a college
course. He, however, decided to begin the study
of medicine, and devoted much more time to it
than was required at that time.

Dr. Holt attended his first course of lectures
in medicine at the Medical School of Maine,
at Brunswick, going directly from there to Deer
Island, Boston, as teacher in the City Reform
School of Boston, composed of about three hun-
dred boys and eleven officers and teachers. It
was here that he had typhoid fever which caused
him to be delirious for an unusually long time,
so that when he came to write out all the details
of the aberrations of his mind during this period,
he found it took more than twenty thousand
words to record them. Upon his recovery, his
management of the boys in the school was so
efficient that he was appointed principal of the
school, the duties of which he performed to the
satisfaction of the superintendent of Deer Isl-
and and the school authorities of the city of
Boston. He continued the study of medicine
while at Deer Island, and took a short course of
instruction at Dartmouth Medical College, Han-
over, New Hampshire, before taking a second course
of lectures at the Medical School of Maine, where,
he graduated in June, 1874. The class consisted
of twenty-eight members, but only twenty-one
were able to pass the examination. After grad-
uating. Dr. Holt continued the study of medicine
in the Portland School for Medical Instruction
until he left for New York City, where he entered
the Medical School of the College of Physicians
and Surgeons, now the Medical Department of
Columbia University. Upon the completion of
this course he received his ad eundcm degree of
M. D. in June, 1875.

His mother having died of typhoid fever, and

he having had it, naturally he had studied this
disease more extensively, and he chose it for
the subject of a thesis which was required by all
candidates for the degree of doctor of medicine.
By special permission of the faculty of the Col-
lege of Physicians and Surgeons, Dr. Holt v^as
allowed to attend to his duties as Demonstrator
of Anatomy at the Medical School of Maine, to
which position he was elected upon his gradua-
tion. Continuing the study of medicine, he at-
tended clinics at the Massachusetts Charitable
Eye and Ear Infirmary and studied the diseases
of the ear under Dr. Clarence J. Blake, and then
entered the Maine General Hospital as its first
regularly appointed interne and served one year,
making quarterly reports of medical and surgical
cases treated there, which were published in the
Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. He also
wrote a history of the Hospital which was pub-
lished in the Portland Transcript, a paper which
held the rank as the first literary paper in Maine
at that time.

While Demonstrator of Anatomy, Dr. Holt
prosected for Dr. Thomas Dwight, Professor
of Anatomy at the school, several of which
dissections the professor exhibited to members
of the faculty as equal to any he had ever seen
and which he preserved for the museum. Dr.
Holt also prepared the section of the head from
which Professor Dwight wrote a book entitled
"The Anatomy of the Head."

Upon opening an office in Portland, Dr. Holt
was elected one of the attending physicians and
surgeons to the Portland Dispensary. He was
elected member of the Cumberland County Medi-
cal Society, and he founded the Portland Medical
Club, which is now the largest and oldest medi-
cal club in the State. Although he did general
practice, he began to give attention to special
subjects, and we find his first paper read before
the Maine Medical Association, to which he had
been elected upon his first graduation in 1874,
was upon a "Report on Otology." We find him
attending clinics at the Manhattan Eye and Ear
Hospital, where he studied under its founder.
Dr. C. R. Agnew and such men as Drs. Webster,
Pomroy and St. John Roosa. He continued this
course every year, writing papers on medical sub-
jects until he went to Europe in the spring of
1881 with Drs. Hersom, Webster and Gibney,
the first of whom died in Dublin under distress-
ing circumstances.

This was an extraordinary year in Europe, in
that the Seventh International Medical Congress
met in London, and many of the distinguished

BIOGRAPHICAL

133

men of the world went there to attend it and
discuss the causes which were revolutionizing
the practice of medicine. Dr. Holt became a
member of this Congress and made a report of
its proceedings.

Upon Dr. Holt's return from Europe he con-
fined his practice exclusively to diseases of the
eye and ear. Thus it will be seen that it took
Dr. Holt ten years from the time he began to
study medicine before he confined his practice
exclusively to these diseases, from the latter of
which he had suffered himself, and which in-
duced him to take up the study and practice of
medicine as a life work.

In 1885 two quite important things happened
in connection with the life of Dr. Holt — namely,
a son was born who was to bear his name and
follow in his footsteps in the study and practice
of medicine; and the necessary steps were taken
"by him for the incorporation of the Maine Eye
and Ear Infirmary. In his address at the dedi-
cation of the new building in 1892, Dr. Holt
says:

Well do I remember in December, 1S8."). just before
Christmas, of st.Trting out with a paper to obtain
names to a petition for incorporation. It was the
first step to the consummation of a purpose, long before
that time formetl, of establishing an institution of this
character. The iietitinii \-;is williiisly signed by all to
whom it was pre>.utfd. aii.l .-iirourn^'ing words were
given to the entcri.riM'. Ijut it was as evident as had
been anticipated, tliat a vast amount of work lay
before me, the magnitude of which, had I fully real-
ized as I do now, might have caused me to delay my
purpose longer.

The petitioners were incorporated under the name
of the Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary, according
to a law provided for such purposes which limited
capitalization to one hundred thousand dollars.
Nobody at that time dreamed that this limitation
would cause the organization any trouble, but the
Legislature was called upon to increase its capi-
talization to one million dollars in order for it
to be able to receive the munificent bequest of
its president, the late Mr. Ira Putnam Farrington.

In 1891 Dr. Holt secured the passage of the
law for the prevention of blindness by the Leg-
islature, Maine being the first State to pass this
law after the State of New York. Now, how-
ever, all the States have this law on their statute
books. It has done a great deal towards the
prevention of blindness which has been achieved
since that time by the concerted action of several
organizations whose object has been to attain this
end. The law directs attention to any redness,
inflammation or discharge from the eyes of the
new-born, and thereby ensures having them
treated properly at a time when such treatment

will be effective and prevent disastrous results.

It was entirely through Dr. Holt's efforts that
the Maine Academy of Medicine and Science and
its official organ, the Journal of Medicine and
Science, was founded in 1894, by means of which
the Medical Registration Law was enacted by the
Maine Legislature at its session of 1895. It may
seem an unusual thing for those not conversant
with the history to establish these organizations
for the purpose of securing the Medical Registra-
tion Law, but it was done to meet unusual condi-
tions, because six years previous to this time a
Medical Registration Law had been passed by
the Legislature through the efforts of Dr. Sleeper,
who was one of its members. It passed through
all the subsequent stages necessary for it to be-
come a law, but such pressure was brought to
bear upon Governor Bodwell that he was induced
to withdraw it. This led to litigation on the
part of the Maine Medical Association to rein-
state the law, and created a bitter feeling on the
part of those who had induced the Governor to
withdraw the law, and they made no secret in
asserting that they would do everything they
could to prevent the passage of any medical reg-
istration law in the future. Dr. Holt conceived
the idea of founding the Academy with sections
to embrace subjects which would interest lay-
men generally, by which luany of those who had
opposed the Medical Registration Law saw the
need of it and worked for its passage through the
the Legislature of 1895. Thus the main object
for which the Academy and Journal had been
founded, was attained within a year. However,
the experiment of bringing together professional
men and laymen for a better understanding of
the relationship of each to the other in the wel-
fare work of the community had become of such
mutual help that the meetings of the Academy
and the issuance of the Journal were continued
for another ten years, during which Dr. Holt
devoted much of his time when he should have
been diverting his mind to rest and recreation
from the arduous duties of his private practice
and as executive surgeon of the Maine Eye and
Ear Infirmary.

Dr. Holt's achievements and interests in the
welfare of humanity became widely known, and
they were recognized by the faculty and trus-
tees of Colby University by conferring upon him
the honorary degree of A.M. in 1897. Seven
years later the University of Maine conferred
upon Dr. Holt "for distinguished services in the
field of Medicine, profound scholarship, and for
the most noteworthy services to the public in

134

HISTORY OF MAINE

relief of suffering, the degree of Doctor of Laws."

He was interested in many things aside from
those pertaining strictly to his profession, as
we find he was one of the incorporators of the
Mercantile Trust Company in 1898. In 1916 this
company purchased the Casco National Bank,
one of the leading banks of the city, prefixing
Casco to its name and thus becoming by this '
transaction one of the largest financial institu-
tions of the State.

We find him as an honorary member of the
Lincoln Club, giving an address before that or-
ganization in observance of the ninety-second
anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln, in
which he was the first to explain an "illusion"
on rational grounds, which occurred to Lincoln
just after his first election, — a ghostly counterpart
of himself — due to a separation of his eyes from
the fatigue incident to the duties connected with
the campaign which resulted in his election to
the presidency of the United States. The esti-
mate given by Dr. Holt of Lincoln's character
was pronounced classical by the papers and by
those who heard it, or have read it, as one of
the best ever delivered before that organiza-
tion which has had for its speakers some of
the most distinguished men of the country.

In observance of the tvvfenty-sixth anniversary
of the Portland Medical Club, which he founded,
Dr. Holt performed a feat in the statistics of that
Club never before attempted in such work. They
give at a glance the name of each member, when
membership began, when it ceased. — if 't had,
length of membership, the offices held, the nu'.ii-
ber of meetings each member had attended, the
percentage of meetings attended, the number and
t-'tle of papers read by each member of the club,
the number that each member should have read
as per average of the whole number of papers
read during the existence of the club by its one
hundred ten members, and finally, when another
paper v/as or is due from each one who belongs
to the club. This was published in the Journal
of Medicine and Science, and assurances were
given by many interested in such work in dif-
ferent parts of the country that the plan was
unique and would serve as a standard for giving
statistics of other clubs.

Dr. Holt was the first in the country to devise
a book for making systematic records of cases
of affections of the eye and ear. The forms he
used at the time he went to Europe he took
with him, and there was such a demand for the
one used for recording affections of the eyes that
Pickard and Curry, of London, published it and

have continued its publication ever since. Dr.
Holt has examined and made records of more
than a hundred thousand patients suffering from
diseases of the eye and ear. It was the careful
records of cases that led Dr. Holt to study more
closely physical economics, hence, wlien he was
disabled from an accident received in 1903, he
devoted his attention to physical economics,
solved the problem of determining damages to
the body from injury or disease for the first time,
according to the natural science method, and
prepared papers upon this subject which he read
before different audiences, one of ■ which was
the Association of United States Pension Exam-
ining Surgeons at Atlantic City, New lersey, to
which were invited members of the Bureau of Pen-
sions of the United States. The inequalities and
which were invited members of the Bureau of Pen-
sions of the United States were pointed out, and it
was shown how these defects could be remedied
by the method proposed in physical economics.
This led to the revision of the pensions which
went into effect in 1905, giving an increase in
ten of the principal pensions of ?l,968, which,
when multiplied by the number receiving these
pensions, amounts to millions that is being paid
to the soldiers and sailors in consequence of this
work of Dr. Holt. In sending out reprints on
physical economics, Dr. Holt asked for criticism
and to be informed if any one had ever attempted
to solve the problem in the manner there given.
Professor Seaver, formerly director of the gym-
nasium of Yale University, replied: "I wish to
thank you for a reprint on 'Physical Economics,'
. . . which strikes me as a very valuable contribu-
tion on a subject to which I have given considerable
thought without being able to arrive at definite
conclusions, and so I have never published any-
thing. You have hit on a practical method of
rating a man's physical ability so far as the
physical side of him is concerned, as mental rat-
ing is given by intellectual tests so that v\?e may
have a fairly accurate mathematical statement
of his probable worth to society." Professor Seaver
was a graduate in medicine, and, as he wrote,
had spent a large part of his active professional
life in studying the body to develop it to its best
proportions and highest efficiency. From this
experience he was able to write one of the best
works on anthropometry and physical examina-
tions in the English language, and therefore his
opinion on this subject bears the weight of au-
thority. It is, of course, difficult to give in a
limi;ed space how the problem is solved in physi-
cal economics, but a comprehensive view of it

BIOGRAPHICAL

135

may be obtained from an introduction to one of
the articles written on the subject, as follows:

Phv&ical Economics is bise 1 ou an inih is the

human body ^^lULIl first resohes the eirniu- il ilit\
Into its compjiiPHt pTrts bv sele ting th j c i iits
whiLh ire sn alter kpen lent th it elli is il e le 1 to
ensuit the fun tious jf the other it being t ni 1 nc es
sar\ h\ thi-i iiilisis to h^^e thr e i irts to sUisf^ ill
the conilituns the nrst ml most imi oitant is the
functional ability of the I a\ tie secona the techni
cal ahiht-s and tlie thud the toiipetmg abilitj of the
bod\ ^\hlLll when uel f t r m mathematical

formulas a torlnie, t t eiice metuod

determine b^ see tih t indards of

measurement an1 other itus of either

the efticieucy or tl i that person

In order howe t i jrdmg to the

actual existing st important factor

namelj the fun the bod^ it must be

resolved into it in the same m inner

as the earning 1 its compontnt

parts by selec ti I rt so mterde

pendent that e the functions

of the other it I this analj sis

to divide the fui 111 1\ t r t into

four units accorli „ t tl t I tbeir

development and i ti_ 1 t 1 unit

into three parts milii t^ h1\ rts to

be used as factors within wlil J 1 ty of

the bodv is inrludel I Rh f the thiee i iits of a
unit are to be used i fi t r of the unit the same

as each of the four units ire to be used as factors
of the functional ability of the body and thereby
ascertain, by scientific and economic standards of
measurement and other data, the actual existing condi-
tion of each of the factors of a unit, and thus of the
unit itself, and with the units as factors, the func-
tional ability of the entire body upon which the tech-
nical ability and the competing ability so largely de-
pend, by which

First — From the status of the functional, and the
technical ability, the efficiency of that person may be
rated as to his technical standing at school or in any
vocation.

Second — From the status of the functional and the
competing ability, represented in the earning ability,
the economic value of man may be obtained giving
his bodily financial standing as a part of the wealth
of the state and nation.

Third— From the status of the functional, and the
competing ability, represented in the loss to the earn-
ing ability, an indemnity for any disability from
damages to the functions of the body from injury or
disease may be adju,sted in a manner eiiuitable to all
concerned: in the courts of law. by insurance compa-
nies. In the Bureau of Pensions, in the Bureau of
War Risk Insurance of the United States, and in the
Workmen's Compensation Service Bureaus of the
States and of the Nation.

It will be seen from this introduction that
Physical Economics, provides first, a method for
ranking a pupil at school and for rating a person
for any vocation; second, one for obtaining the
economic value of man; and third, one for the
measurement of damages to the body from injury
or disease in a manner equitable to all concerned.
A chart showing the factors of F, the functional
ability of the body, is herewith produced as
follows:

[Osseous. articular I h, the bones.
■I and muscular sys- \ i, the ligaments,
[terns, consisting of L k, the muscles,
m, the vascular

f Circulatory and res

b= -I piratory systems

[consisting of

n, the blood.

I Digestive and
[consisting of..

I q, the alimentary canal
■ I and its accessory organs.
•I r, the kidneys, with the

rCerebro-spinal svs-f"-''''^ *""•""
Item. nerves and | branes and j
g= ^ organs of special
I s e n s c , consisting
Lof

1 cord, its

(special sense.

As C, the competing ability, depends upon the
same functions of the body for its existence and
efficiency, it must have primarily the same values
for its co-efficient. It may readily be seen that
this analysis is correct and that F, the functional
ability, and C, the competing ability, of the body,
are the two indispensable factors of the earning
ability of a person. They arc, as it were, an
equation: F x C = E, in wliich I" is the multi-
plicand, C, the multiplier, and E, the product.
The first difficult problem in pliysical economics
was to analyze the body by rcsolvinp; it into its
component parts as factors which would include
the function of every structure of the body so
they could be handled in the multiplicand as
though there were but one organ witli which to
deal. The chart shows how this was done. The
second difficult problem was to grade C, the com-
peting ability after damage to F, the functional
ability of the body, so that E, the carni.rg abil-
ity would correspond to its actual condition in
the vocation the person followed. This was
done in Computation Tables No. i and 2. The
third difficult problem was to devise standai'ds
of measurement for the different systems and
organs of the body in their relationship to the
whole functional ability of the body. This has
been done and formulated in a large number of
tables by weighing, measuring and testing all
the values ever given to a function of an organ,
and then striking an average for the number con-
sidered for a scientific standard of measurement.
This makes physical economics complete in itself
so it can be used by any one competent to solve
a problem involving damages to the body from
injury or disease.

The truth has been sought for in cvciy subject
that Dr. Holt has had to consider, ffe is con-
stantly collecting and comiiiling material upon
different subjects, examining them critically and
writing out his own viev.'s from t:;nc to time.

136

HISTORY OF MAINE

It is in this way that his views upon subjects
develop and grow, so that he has been able to
assemble in due course of time and write more
than a hundred papers and addresses upon dif-
ferent subjects during the past forty-five years.
These papers have been read before State or
National organizations. Some of thern have been
read before lay audiences and some of them
have been contributed to cyclopedias, — while
others have been translated into foreign lang-
uages, and his name appears in some of the lead-
ing text books of Europe in connection with the
methods he has devised and practiced and made
known to the world.

A perusal of the papers written by Dr. Holt
shows that he has been both aggressive and
progressive, some announcing new methods,
while others recorded the treatment of remark-
able cases with comments upon the same. In
the very first papers read upon the ear. Dr. Holt
advocated a new method of inflating the middle
ear by using air from the lungs to fill the
mouth and pharynx or by forcing it through the
lips as in blowing out a light and thereby cause
the soft palate to shut ofT the upper from the
lower pharyngical space, while at the same time
air is forced into one nostril with the other
closed, thus effectually inflating the middle ear, a
remedy of paramount importance in the treat-
ment of affections of that organ involving its
sound conducting apparatus.

In his paper on strabismus, especially when the
eyes are badly crossed and when the sight is
very poor, he showed that he had devised a new
method of operation for the cure of such cases
and had successfully practiced it in scores of
cases before he had ventured to present it to the
New England Ophthalmological Society and the
American Ophthalmological Society, accompanied
with a model which he had made for showing
the action of the muscles of the eyes and how
the operation remedied the defect. Dr. Hay, the
nestor of the former society, in referring to this
paper the next year after it was read, told its
members that while it was not favorably received
by them, the method advocated and practiced
when tried out in Europe had caused Dr. Holt's
name to be listed among the distinguished oph-
thalmologists of the world. When it was read
before the latter society, the learned Dr. Knapp
of New York undertook to show by his statistics
that it had no place in ophthalmology. However
the next year he read a paper upon the subject
saying he had investigated the method, found
them practicing it in Europe, and had practiced

it himself, and spoke in the highest terms of it.
The principles of the operation are in universal
use now though the technique of the operation
has been modified by many surgeons.

When Dr. Holt began the practice of medicine,
it was taught in the schools and text books that
when an eye was penetrated by steel near the
margin of the cornea on either side of it called
the "dangerous zone" and the steel remained in
it, the eye should be removed, for the injury
was likely to cause not only the loss of sight
of that eye but the loss of the sight in the other
eye by sympathetic inflammation. History of
cases were given to show the necessity of fol-
lowing this advice in order to avoid such a dis-
astrous result. Of course, it would be a terrible
thing to have a person get blind in both eyes
when from removing an eye injured in this way
the other could be saved; nevertheless, Dr. Holt
had eyes wounded in this way, in which he could
look into the eye with the ophthalmoscope and
see the steel and he reasoned on the other hand
that it was a terrible sacrifice to remove such an
eye. He therefore devised and practiced a method
of removing the steel successfully from the in-
terior of the eye by the electro-magnet. He
reported the first series of cases treated in this
way successfully to the American Ophthalmo-
logical Society. As other members of the so-
ciety did not have any such number of cases of
this kind, although living in the vicinity of
greater numbers of men engaged in hazardous
occupations, they did not see how so man\- cases
came to Dr. Holt. Moreover, they were not dis-
posed to break away from the teachings of that
time and predicted later disastrous results from
such operations, but they never came. The ex-
planation of Dr. Holt's series of successful cases
of the removal of steel from the interior of the
eye with the saving of sight is made from the
fact that when he saved the eye and sight of
one man injured in this way, others from his
locality knew of it and came immediately, while
in other States, when a man got his eye injured
in this way he went to his family physician, who,
if a surgeon, removed the eye, or if not a surgeon
he took his patient to a surgeon who removed
the eye because that was what was taught and
what was in the text books; hence the few spec-
ialists in the country at that time saw but a few
of these cases. When, however, it became knovt'n
that an eye wounded in this way could be saved
with sight, the other specialists located in greater
industrial centers began to have cases commen-
surate with this fact; so that it has long since

BIOGRAPHICAL

become the practice to remove the steel first
and try and save the eye with sight. Failing in
this, the eye could be removed as a last resort,
but happily this is very seldom necessary. A
careful following of these series of cases re-
ported, with many others not reported, show dis-
astrous results have not followed the practice
inaugurated by Dr. Holt.

As a large percentage of the blindness in the
world comes from inflammation of the eyes of
the new born. Dr. Holt not only secured the pas-
sage of the law for the prevention of blindness,
but he devised a method which has been the
means of saving many eyes. Its discovery illus-
trates the old saying that "necessity is the mother
of invention." One night after the last train
from Bath had arrived, a mother with her only
babe came to see Dr. Holt with a letter from the
late Dr. E. M. Fuller, of Bath, in which he said
that, in spite of everything he could do, the eyes
of the baby had grown steadily worse and he
feared blindness to be inevitable. In going to
the Infirmary with the mother and baby. Dr.
Holt said his mind reverted to the efficacy of
hot water in reducing inflammation. He imme-
diately put this treatment into operation, adding
salt to the hot water to make it like the tears,
and applying it beneath the lids in sufficient
quantity to clear them of all discharge by the
use of the smallest point of a Davidson's syringe
and repeating it during the night, the object be-
ing to remove the discharge and to reduce the
enormously swollen lids to a condition where an
operation might be done early in the morning for
the purpose of relieving the pressure of the lids
on the eyeballs and better cleansing the dis-
charge from beneath the eyelids. This treat-
ment relieved the condition of the swollen lids,
and the eyes could be freed of the discharge so
readily that no operation was performed and they
made an uninterrupted recovery with good sight.
This result was achieved with such rapidity that
the treatment was instituted in all succeeding
cases, and a paper giving the details of this
method was read before the New England
Ophthalmological Society and the Section of
Ophthalmology of the American Medical Asso-
ciation. The meetings of the former society were
held at the ;Massachusetts Charitable Eye and
Ear Infirmary, and it was customary to present
cases and discuss all the clinical features of
such cases which would come under the subject
of the paper for the evening. On this occasion
a most exhaustive consideration of the subject
bad been made previous to the reading of Dr.

Holt's paper in which he had designated the
"Douche in the Treatment of Ophthalmia
N'eonatorium," which was entirely new to all
the members and an agreeable surprise that the
desperate cases of this terrible scourge could
be so effectually cured by such treatment.

Among the many papers written by Dr. Holt
which attracted wide attention, might be men-
tioned the one on "Boiler Makers' Deafness and
Hearing in a Noise," which included the sta-
tistics of an examination of the boiler-makers and
employes of the Portland Company, which
showed that all persons working in a noise
sooner or later became deaf. He also indis-
putably proved that a noise never actually im-
proved the hearing power of persons who are
partially deaf. At the meeting of the American
Otological Society where this paper v./as read in
1882, Dr. Roosa, of New York, contended that
the hearing power was actually improved by a
noise, in certain persons, as he had set forth in
his book on diseases of the ear. He was so
sure of this that he was to demonstrate it by
such persons, but he never did, and finally ad-
mitted that the improvement in the hearing of
some persons by a noise was only apparent, not
real.

A paper entitled "Complete Closure of Both
External Auditory Canals by Bone" in a patient
having good hearing power with a previous his-
tory of having had an abscess in each ear fol-
lowed by a chronic discharge, was read before
the American Otological Society in 1889. This
condition was so contrary to the prevailing ideas
of members of that society that upon express-
ing a desire to see the patient. Dr. Holt had
him visit them in dififerent parts of the country
at liis own expense.

The paper, however, that attracted the greatest
attention perhaps, was the one read at the Fifty-
second Stated Meeting of the Maine Academy
of Medicine and Science held in April, 1902, en-
titled "Ablation of both mastoids for chronic
suppurative inflammation of the middle ear, fol-
lowed by extreme variations in the temperature
of the dififerent parts of the body at the same
time, and of the whole body at dififerent times,
of more than twenty degrees Fahrenheit, there
existed extreme high temperature in the mouth
(ii4 + °F., .:|5.5 + °C.) with extreme low tempera-
ture in the rectum (94°— F., 34.4°— C), then
changing to low temperature in the mouth with
extreme high temperature in the rectum, again
changing to extreme high temperature in both
the mouth and rectum, to be followed by extreme

138

HISTORY OF MAINE

low temperature in both the mouth and rec-
tum, the extremes of temperature not being
measured by any available thermometers t!;at reg-
istered from 94°F. to II4°F., and four ther-
mometers were broken by the intense lieat.
Later amblyopia developed in both eyes. Com-
plete recovery."

This title gives a good idea of the nature of
the case, the clinical features of which were care-
fully observed and recorded and verified by a
large number of the members of the staff and
consultants of the Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary
where the case was treated.

The nomenclature and classification of diseases
early engaged Dr. Holt's attention. .\3 execu-
tive surgeon in compiling the statistics of the
diseases treated at the Maine Eye and Ear In-
firmary he had an opportunity to cultivate a
knowledge of the subject, which he did with
such discriminating care that an International
Committee, organized for the special purpose of
correcting existing defects and devising a stand-
ard for universal use, made special mention of
the reports of this institution. Naturally one
interested in the correct nomenclature and clas-
sification of diseases would be interested in the
changes going on in the English language under
the caption of simplified spelling. The World
War brought out an astonishing amount of ig-
norance of our language existing among our for-
eign born population. Simplified spelling would
do much towards removing this condition, for
■t would enable foreigners to more readily ac-
quire our language, an essential condition for
the assimilation and Americanization of all who
dwell among us. The World War also showed
the necessity for the adoption of the metric
system which is in universal use in all the coun-
tries except those speaking the English lan-
guage. Dr. Holt adopted the metric system at
the very beginning of his professional life and
he also used the centigrade thermometer which
has been adopted in the countries referred to
and which is quite as much an advance over the
Fahrenheit thermometer as the metric system is
an advance over the old system in use.

Dr. Holt has well matured views as to the
subject of general and special medicine. The
tendency to prescribe medicine and perform
operations as a routine without due regard to
hygiene, diet, exercise, baths, sleep, and the voca-
tional conditions of life is deprecated by an
overv.hclming majority of the medical profes-
sion, but too often that overwhelming majority
of the medical profession do not, for one reason

or another, sustain this view in actual practice.
The exigency of the conditions met in actual
practice, too often give rise to the short cut of
prescribing medicine, or performing an op .: -
tion, which may meet the immediate urgent symp-
toms so well that this method of giving relief
becomes an habitual practice without due regard
for the underlying cause of the ailment. It is
for this reason that Dr. Holt could never sanc-
tion the routine practice of cutting the muscles
of the eyes for the relief of their disabilities, or
the incision of the drum head for car ache, or
the removal of the tonsils and adenoids, for his
experience, based upon his own cases and the
observation of those treated by others, forced
him to the conclusion that what might be called
a more rational treatment did all that could be
done for at least nine-tenths of such cases, and
thus avoided the dangers and defects incident to
such operations.

As a clerk and bookkeeper in a country store
with such men as Albion Thorne, a graduate of
Tufts College; John P. Swasey, who represented
the Second District of Maine in Congress; r.n 1
Otis Hayford, who was on the State Board of
Assessors for eighteen years, Dr. Holt had a
great opportunity to study and learn the ways of
the world. The country store then kept every-
thing to meet the demands of the community,
and in the narcotic line, tea, coffee, snuff, to-
bacco, crude opium and alcohol, wlicn it had t'l;-
liquor agency. As a teacher in the district
school and as teacher and principal of the City
Reform School of Boston at Deer Island, where
tlie house of correction for men and women is
located, and finally in the treatment of thou-
sands of those v^'ho came to dispensaries and
clinics. Dr. Holt had an unusual opportunity to
observe the conditions of the unfortunate and
the causes which produced them. With the boy
who has gone wrong, the first step in his down-
ward course was when he began to practice
deception to his parents or those whom he
should hold in due respect, by denying he l;as
been using tobacco and making false statniKi's
about it. Since the coming of the cigarette
this now occurs, on an average, in mid-childhood
or at about the age of ten. This leads to bad
associations. After a time the stimulating effect
of the drug is not so pronounced and for the
feeling of depression that comes on, another
druK is sought which is usually some form of
.-.IcoIioL With both of these habits well estab-
lished tlie boy is usually lost. He often ac-
quires venereal diseases and goes from bad to

BIOGRAPHICAL

v.-orse until he is taken into custody for sor.ie
infraction of the law. Dr. Holt has traced so
many such cases that he has come to look upon
tobacco as more frequently the primary cause of
lost boys than any other one thing. Then,
too, it is notorious that it stunts the growth
and detracts measureably from their mental ef-
ficiency. The child should be taught the truth
about the harmful effects of tobacco upon t'^e
mind and body, just the same as he should con-
tinue to be taught the truth about alcohol and
venereal diseases and for the same reason, be-
cause each one of these evils pollutes his sys-
tem, lowers his efficiency, stunts his growth and
prevents him from becoming that strong, healthy,
manly man that should be the ambition of every
boy. Dr. Holt's experience teaches him that
there are a large number of men who if th.:;-
were thoroughly convinced that the use of to-
bacco was detrimental to their health they would
stop using it. He thinks it incumbent upon
those who would persist in using it, notwith-
standing this information, to keep its use from
the gaze of the child as much as possible, who
really has no desire to use it but reasons that if
it is good for his father, or the deacon of the
church, or the minister, to use tobacco, it must
be good for him and he wants to just try it
and see how it affects him. This fixes the habit
upon him before he is really aware of it. As
Dr. Holt's experience and observation have
taught him that tobacco is by far the largest
single factor in the downfall of boys and girls
he feels that those who indulge in its use open-
ly, on the street and public places, arc con-
tributing in no small degree to that downfall and
should for the sake of humanity avoid this prac-
tice as much as possible. Dr. Holt has records
of many persons who came to him on accoimt
of dizziness, who, when informed that it might
be due to the use of tobacco, broke out into bois-
terous laughter. Upon making observations they
found they were so much affected with dizzi-
ness by the smoking of one cigarette that t'-.r-y
could not drive their automobile with safety.
After leaving off the use of tobacco they h.ad no
dizziness, but upon resuming its use the old
dizziness would return, thus proving beyond a
doubt that it was due to the use of tobacco. As
those who assayed to use a flying machine
smoked cigarettes it is fair to assume that at
least some of the mysterious fata! accidents
were due to the use of tobacco.

On account of age. Dr. Holt was ineligible to
onter the Medical Corps of the United States

.\rmy, but he was nominated by the Council
of the National Defense and appoin'vd ')■■'
President Wilson a member of the Medical
Corps and given the rank of first lieutenant and
assigned to duty as Medical .-Mde to Governor
Milliken in forming and super, ising t!'.e ^tedical
Advisory Boards vvhich were to act, as their name
implies, in an advisory capacity to the Local
Boards which had been formed for the purpose
of examining and classifying registrants for the
army. The Selective Service Law and Regula-
tions were drawn up hastily and contained ira-
perfections, some of which Dr. Holt got
amended. The efficiency of the examinations
and classifications of the registrants was the
means by which the work of one Local Board
could be compared with that of another. Dr.
Holt's efforts were directed towards standardiz-
ing this work, when he was assigned to duty to
the Bureau of War Risk Insurance in addition
to duty as Medical Aide to the Governor. As
the new draft was coming on when he was about
to go to Washington he resigned as Medical Aide
to Governor Milliken so lie could nominate sonie-
cne and have him appointed to attend to these
duties. Dr. Holt was tluis left free to proceed
to Washington to fulfill the duties of his as-
signment "for the development and establishment
of disability rating" at the Bureau of War Risk
Insurance under the direction of Colonel Cliarics
E. Banks, Chief IMedical Advisor.

Dr. Holt demonstrated the principles and
methods of rating disabilities as set forth in
his work on "Physical Economics," and soon
had the members of the Bureau rating by it.
He developed tables and wrote a manual accom-
panied with a computation rating scale which
he devised for the purpose of facilitating the
work. He accompanied Colonel Banks to New
York, where he gave addresses before the Na-
tional Compensation Service Bureau on Physical
Economics and the method therein advocated for
the purpose of rating disabilities from injury or
disease in a manner equitable to all concerned.
On the completion of the duty assigned him.
Dr. Holt had the satisfaction of being assured
by the Government experts that he had per-
formed a service for the Government of the
United States that no one else v.as prepared to
perform.

Dr. Holt irarried Mary Brooks Dyer, Octohfr
0, 1876, and they have six children: i. Lucinda
Afpribc!. who is a grr^duate of Sr.^ith College and
Tufts College Medical School. She married
Leon V. Walker, and they have three children:

140

HISTORY OF MAINE

Dorothy Page, Leon V., Jr., and Winthrop
Brooks. 2. Clarence Blake, a graduate of Har-
vard University, who married Miss Stickney of
Augusta, and they have one child, Erastus
Eugene (3rd). 3. Roscoe Thorne, a graduate
of Harvard University and of the Law School,
who married Miss Thurston. 4. Erastus Eugene,
Jr., a graduate of Bowdoin College and Bow-
doin Medical School, who married Miss Munsey,
and they have one child, Mary Sheppard. 5.
Dorothy Kent, a graduate of ]Miss Marshall's
School of Philadelphia. 6. Benjamin Bradstreet
Dyer, a graduate of Bowdoin College and Har-
vard University Law School, who married Miss
Payson. They reside in Cleveland, Ohio, where
he practices law.

Of Dr. Holt's sons, Roscoe T. and Benjamin B.
attended the Plattsburg camps. \\'hen v/ar was
declared the former went into the navy with
the rank of lieutenant, and the latter, though he
had obtained the rank of a captain at Platts-
burg, resigned it and accepted the rank of sec-
ond lieutenant in order to get to France earlier,
where he was in active service in 1918.

In the sketch thus far we have referred to
the papers written by Dr. Holt, and incidentally
to their method of production. A quotation
from "The President's Address" delivered at the
annual meeting of the Maine Medical Associa-
tion will show that this paper must have had a
gradual growth during his whole professional
life.

Forty-two years ago 1 was elected a member of this
Association. Tliis malies my membership longer and
my age greater than that of any former president,
and I have the honor of being the first specialist ever
elected to this office. I have attended every meeting
since that time except three, two of which I was out
of the state, and at the time of the other one, I was
ill. Of the eighty-five papers that I have written upon
medical subjects during these forty-two years, nine of
them have been read before this Association and pub-
lished in its transactions. I have also contributed to
the discussion of a score of papers read before this
Association.

Few of the men who were active at the meeting of
the Association forty-two years ago are here with us
today. Their number must necessarily grow less every
year. Their places are being taken by men who have
had greater advantages in the study of the science
and art of medicine and therefore they should assume
a greater responsibility for its advancement.

It would be impossible to consider in a few minutes
the many things which have contributed to that revo-
lution which has taken place in medicine during the
past forty-two years. This retrospect will take us
back to the time of laudable pus, pyaemia, erysipelas,
gangrene and all the conditions prior to the introduc-
tion of antiseptic surgery by Lister. Nearly three-
quarters of the nineteenth century had passed into
history. If from this vantage ground we look across
the space of time to see what had taken place to
presage these phenomenal changes, we discern in the
darkness of medical history one star of the first magni-

tude representing the discovery of vaccination by Ed-
ward Jenner in the closing years of the eighteenth
century. In comparison to this discovery we must pass
by all others to those of the fourth decade, namely,
to the discovery of the method of perfecting the com-
pound microscope by Lord Lister's father; to the
discovery of the cause of itch conveyed to Paris by
a medical student from Poland; to Paget's discovery
of the trichina spiralis which comes from infected pork;
and to the vegetable organisms which cause the disease
of the scalp known as favus ; to the fifth decade to
Morton's great discovery of the anaesthetic properties
of ether; to the sixth decade to the work of Louis
Pasteur and the invention of the ophthalmoscope by
Helmholz and the utilization of its principle in various
other instruments; to the seventh decade to the con-
tinuation of the great work of Pasteur and the utiliza-
tion of the same by Lister in antiseptic surgery; to
the eighth decade to the continuation of the great dis-
coveries of Pasteur and the acceptance of antiseptic
surgery as taught by Lister; to the ninth decade to
the crownin;.' .lisrovery of Pasteur of the cure for
hydrophobi.i, ifi ir. n^Miiiion for which he was presented
with the r lie; the complete adoption of

Lister's :ith : v with its consequent revolu-

tion in tli< I' ' . -iir-erv thr.aiKliout the world;

whicli were the iiiakins of hacteriolosy : to Koux's
discovery of diphtheria antitoxin: to the tenth and last
decade to some of the epoch-making discoveries, such
as the X-ray, which founded an entirely new depart-
ment in science, radium, which founded another; the
law of osmosis with its fundamental explanation of
the phenomena of liquids, ion chemistry, the electron
(1) or the ion electrified, which is seventeen hundred
times smaller than the hydrogen atom; the explana-
tion of the cell activity of the brain, which underlies
the process of thought and the analysis of the chemical
properties of living matter which carries us closely to
life itself.

The discovery of Jenner had stood as a challenge to
the medical profession for four score years. If we
look for the means which was destined to meet and
answer this challenge, we find it was the i.erfe.ting of
the compound niicros.-ope at the el...-' . f <:■•- I'l;-,! de-
cade of the last century. Althout;!, :' 1 mi-
croscope was invented in the sixtiM . yet it
could not be called an instrument ■.! 1 : - ■:, How-
ever, the perfecting of this instrument made it so and
one of the giealest of any age.

The world is indebted to Joseph Jackson Lister (2),
Lord Lister's fatlier. wlio. as an amateur optician, com-
bined mathematical knowledge with mechanical in-
genuity so that he was able to devise formulas for the
combination of lenses of crown glass with others of
flint glass so adjusted that the refractive errors of one
were corrected, or compensated by the other, thus pro-
ducing lenses capable of showing an image highly
magnified yet relatively free from spherical and chro-
matic aberrations which had so long baffled the pro-
foundest physicists of that age.

(1) An electron is approximately 6.800.000.000.000.000
times smaller than the s'mallest object that can be seen
by the most powerful microscope made. After listening
to an illuminating address by the late lamented Pro-
fessor Robinson on this subject. I submitted a definition
to him which he thought gave an approximate idea of
tliis elucive body, namely : Electrons are so small that
the distance between them relative to their size is as
great as the distance between the fixed stars relative
to their size, remembering that light from the nearest
one traveling at the rate of 186,000 miles a second takes
over four years to reach the earth.

See next page for reference No. 2.

BIOGRAPHICAL

With the perfection of the compound microscope the
development of histology to the rani: of an independent
science was secured, and the development of the cell
theory took its phice at the pinnacle of the great central
generalization in pliysiology of the nineteenth century.
It demonstrated that the cell is in reality the essential
structure of the living organism, that every function
of the organism is really an expression of a chemical
change and in itself a minute chemical laboratory.

It v.^as this combined point of view of the pathologist
and chemist, this union of hitherto dissociated forces,
which made it possible to discard the old idea of
digestion and respiration, and accept in a general way
the view that the digestive apparatus and lungs act as
channels of fuel supply, blood and lymph channels as
the transportation system, and muscles and tissue cells
as the consumption furnace where the fuel supply is
burned and energy acquired for the purpose of the
organism, supplemented by a set of excretory organs
through which the waste products are eliminated from
the system.

As the peasantry of England before Jenner had
known of the curative value of con-pox over small-pox,
so the peasants of that now iimcli distracted country —
Poland — knew that the am. living skin disease, known
as itch, from wliirh tliey sunercd. was caused by an
insect which tlicy liad Icarncil ii. iII-Im.K. ,• ith the
point of a nceillc, and tliercl.y --: !, ,>f this

distressing malady. This fact «■>- .-:,,!- n medi-
cal student from Pohind to I'arU i.. ,i m. .1. .• nt the
fourth decade at which time tlie in li, ih^lmiI m" being

under tlie name of "gale renercuti'r ' Iin!..,!, ti,- imagi-
native Dr. Hahnemann did not lic-iiair ti, a.-iit as a
positive maxim that three-fourth.s ul' all the ills that
flesh is heir to were in reality nntliing but various
forms of "gale rSpercutee." or in English, "the itch struck
in." What makes the discovery of the cause of itch
of so much importance and worthy of being referred
to here, is that it dropped a brand new idea Into the
medical profession of Paris, and hence into the world, —
an idea destined, in the long run, to prove itself a
veritable bomb, namely, that a minute and nuite un-
suspected animal parasite may be the cause of a widely
prevalent and highly important human disease.

Coincident with the discovery of the cause of itch
came another discovery of greater importance by an
English medical student, James Paget, who became
one of the most famous men of England. It was while
he was dissecting the muscular tissue of a human sub-
ject that he found little specks of extraneous matter
which, when examined under the microscope, w-ere
determined to be the cocoon of a minute insect, which
was named Trichina Spiralis. Here the matter rested
for more than ten years, when, in 1.S47. our greatest
American anatomist, Joseph Leidy, discovered the cysts
of trichina in the tissues of pork. It was, however,
another ten years before it was demonstrated that this
parasite gets into the human system through the inges-
tion of infected pork and that it causes a definite set
of symptoms of disease which had been designated as
those of rheumatism, gout, typhoid fever, and other
affections. The medical profession was aroused as

(2) In the life of Lister, the senior, we learn that he
was near-sighted, that as a child he was accustomed to
glue his eye to an air-bubble that had been imprisoned
in window glass which acted as a concave lens and
enabled him to see the country more distinctly. Only
a genius would be able to make such a discovery. As
he grew up to manhood he devoted all his spare time
to the study of optics and thus he was able to over-
come the obstacles which had baffled the profoundest
physicists for nearly two hundred and fifty years, for
which work he was elected a fellow of the Koyal So-
ciety, he being the first man known to establish a
firm reputation upon an air bubble.

never before over this subject, the general public be-
came alarmed, and American pork was excluded from
some foreign ni.u:. i-. .1,, ...ii: ,, - m,. .1. .o.ei-y '^;
the trichina pai. ■■ i "1-

portance to maiil.iii', ■;•;,<;'■ m '!.r'''i-

ing attention to li.e -,!,,■ r n. ,, - |iara.sites

as the cause of disease m .1 ■ ,1 i-onse-
quence of this discovei-i : . i 1 ...m_; years
were a time of great aeiii ... ,1 1. >. micro-
scopic organisms and ni e : 1.

One of the crowning ;e', ,11-1,1 ., 1,., 1 ind was

the discovery that the virj ■ i.iii .in.l 1 m.i .listress-

ing disease of the scalp, i.n , i.^ to tue

presence and grow'th on tin' - il,i ■ ; .1 \ ■- 1 >ie organ-
ism. By these discoveries ti v,ii^ liill.\ ^teijinustrated
to the medical profession that not only animal but also
vegetable organisms directly caused diseases with which
mankind is afflicted. This, it is needless to say, was a
step forward in the progress of medicine of tremendous
and far-reaching importance.

In the fifth decade of the last century there came a
discovery wholly American of transcendent importance,
when W. T. G. ilorton administered sulphuric ether
to a patient upon v.hum Dr. J. C. Warren performed a
severe operation, causing the patient to sleep through

awake to consciousuess without realizing any pain
whatever. As the greatest surgeons of the world were
of one opinion and had so expressed themselves that
such a thing would never be accomplished, the mirac-
ulous, the impossible, had been accomplished. This
discovery was not only of the greatest importance to
the patient and surgeon directly, but it was destined
to be of the greatest importance to them from experi-
mental studies carried out, in the most humane man-
ner, on the lower animals.

Some of the earlier workers with the microscope held
that the minute specks which malie up the substance
of yeast are living vegetable organisms and the growth

of these organisms is tli ■ . r r, rim ntation. They

also held tentatively He - .i : ii similar organ-
isms to be found in all [ n ■. tter, animal or

vegetable, were the cm; , 1 ,.i.i:.in. The great

German authorities. T.i.l i,- ml fcicliuholtz, stood out
firmly against tin 1 mg that the presence of

micro-organisms .11- and putrefying sub-

Paste

entered

re of yeast do
ssors had sus-

The studies an.i c.,;. 1 :-.. ,1
upon iu the sixth decade v. n ,
controversy that had iieen r
quarter of a century. lie innv,
which so largely make up tie
all that his most imagiuativ
pected, that without them there would be no fermenta-
tion (3). He showed that it was the microscopic yeast
plant which, seizing an atom of the molecule, liberates
till- leinaiuiiig atom in the form of carbonic acid and
aj, i.lj'.l. Hills cnnstituting the process of fermentation;
thill aiiniiiri- microscopic plant, designated by Devalue,
a < iiiiii.re iif his, a bacterium, acted in a similar way
to cause the destruction of organic molecules, thus pro-
ducing the process called putrefaction.

(3) It has been

sho

that

the

of life
of this ff

the

he fact

sequence

remains that the fermentation of sugar is tlie living
yeast plant and fermentation in this sense is a vital
phenomenon as distinguished from a chemical one. In
1897 Buckner extracted from yeast the very substance
of its ferment, the zymaze, separable from the yeast-
cells, yet formed within them, as ptyalin is formed
within the cells of the salivary glands. The action of
zymaze may be stated iu terms of molecular physics,
the formation of zymaze may be stated in terms of
plant physiology.

HISTORY OF MAINE

light to the ri^lii , >v liil.- l.::i:H:ill:n 1' , "i l.i'^')iii.- :lru[ IS

neither riglit-haiule,! nor left-h:iiHie,l : that is. it iloos
not rotate polarized light to the right nor to the
left (4).

Pasteur had for his problem the solving of th& mean-
ing of this phenomenon. P.y larofnl study ^vitli the
microscope lie found on tlmsM ir,\stals wiii'h turn
polarized light to the right, a niiiiiili' laift. iint liiLiicrto
described, which led him t.. lliink that thrsr- .rystal.^
■n-ere disymmetric, or one of a pair, wliich caused him
to search for a left-handed crystal, which no one had
ever seen. He riRhtly surmised that it was locked up
in those crystals which liad no minute facet upon them
and which turned polarized liglit neither to the right
nor to the left. -Vfter niauy trials he finally prepared
a solution of this acid and let it crystallize, in which
crystals he found the two forms, each having a minute
facet mailing a pair. Wheu lie separated tliese crystals
and made :: solution of tio-m. one solution turned
polarized light to the right wliile the other turned it
to the left. Ue had thus discovered another secret of
nature and had solved the phenomenon of the problem
set before him and made one of the greatest discoveries
of the age. Under certain conditions one of the two
acids may be destroyed by the growth of a bacillus
which does not touch the other in\p. so that polarized

light passed through it will :.,..i.,i to the right

or left, according to whir:: i . , ^^ o acids has

been destroyed. This reii: . ^ : y of Pasteur

shows that the molec\ile ..i 1 1 i ' . :, i,, two forms,

and this fact eual.l. - u- ,, ,:> .u |.ace,

or stero-cliemistiy, --: : ■ i : i olers

the

molecule

suits beyond tlie v,il<i..| >;:c/ri :!ii in s\iiihetic

compounds such as Ehrlich's invaluable roiupoiiud of
arsenic, called salvarsan. or 606. In studying this sub-
ject we are better able to appreciate, not only the
nature but the possibilities of stero-chemistry as pro-
mulgated by Pasteur, to whom as a geuius in making
this discovery, we must accord the lionor of having
discovered the method of making discoveries.

In applying the principles of this discovery to help
a grocer out of trouble, he found tliat a blue mold
feeds upon the acid of the left hand, leaving the right
hand behind, thus causing polarized light to rotate to
the right. This gave him the key to the true nature
of ferments. As the scope of his work widened he
became at different times a doctor of wines, vines,
silk-worm disease, chickeu cholera, swine, sheep, cattle.

cholera tha

Jenne

iinfer

vas his work on (
the greatest of all his discoveries and I
the challenge made by the discovery o
last years of the eighteenth century. 11
from making cultures of all known geru
to the attenuation of cultures and to t;
covery that an attenuated culture is ab
munity against another culture at full strength.

Pasteur found in keeping the cultures of germs of
chicken cholera that they lost strength and by this
means he could prepare and stock a graduate series of
cultures in every degree of strength from full virulence
to non-virulence. With these attenuated cultures he

(4) We can perhaps better understand the formation
of this acid by assuming that it is similar to one
prism with its apex placed to the base of another of
the same strength which would enable a ray of light to
emerge on the same plane to which it entered.

could produce in a chickeu a mild attack of cholera,
which would render the chicken immune against an
attack of the full virulent culture. This discovery
was au explanation how cow-pox protected man against
small-pox, and indicated that the method could be
extended to other diseases of a similar nature.

This Inference was soon to be verified, for in Febru-
ary of that memorable year of ISSl. Pasteur again
announced to the French Academy of Science that he
had produced au attenuated virus of the germs of
anthrax by which he could protect sheep and cattle
against that disease. As this announcement meant the
saving of millions of dollars to France, a president of
au agricultural society immediately challenged it by
proposing to furnish Pasteur fifty sheep for the test.
'Jhe challenge was immediately accepted by Pasteur,
who substituted two goats for two of the sheep and
allowed ten cattle to be added. He divided the sixty
animals into tw(. lots of thirty each, and on the 5th
and 17th of .May he va. . iii;iie,l i.ne lot with an atten-
uated virus of aiilliiax as a |i lot.-ctiou against anthrax,
and on the :;ist lo' va. cinate I both lots of thirty each
with au extremely virulent culture of anthrax which
had been in his laboratory for years. On the 2nd of
June a vast crowd had assembled to witness the closing
scenes of this test which had become world wide in
iuterest. What tliev witnessed there on that farm in
France was dramatic in the highest degree! All the
animals not protected by the attenuated virus of an-
thrax were dead, while those which were protected on
the 0th and 17th of May were moving about the farm
as if nothing had happened to them. This was a
scene that amazed the assembly, and it was heralded'
far and wide over the world that a new era had dawned
In medicine.

This was not the only benefit to come from Pasteur's
work on anthrax, for tv.o years previous to this time
he had proved by the mere examination of a drop of
blood that a woman supposed to have died from, puer-
peral fever had actually died of anthrax, and Sclavo,
a worker with Pasteur, had developed a serum treat-
ment for anthra:: in man, so that not only animals
but man had also been relieved of the scourge of this
disease.

I was in Europe at that time, but missed witnessing
thi.s test on account of the sickness and death of one of
our party, the lamented Dr. N. A. Ilersom of this city.
I did, however, have the pleasure of meeting Pasteur
at the Seventh International Medical Congress, held in
London In August, and witnessed one of the greatest
ovations ever given to man. It was at the opening
meeting of more than three thousand men from all
parts of the civilized world, when the student of tri-

aget.

course of his eloquent address referred in appropriate
terms to the great work of Pasteur, to whom he had
turned to his right to face. At the conclusion of this
reference by the presiilent the assembly rose, en nias»e,
and gave cheer after cheer, with the greatest enthusi-
asm, for many minutes; all the time the modest Pas-
teur stood smiling and bowing in acknowledgment.

Pasteur, at this time, was already far along in his
experimental studies of rabies, in which one complex-

L'ope

this v,-ay he was able to obtain the cause of the disease
and standardize it and its use upon animals in a simi-
lar manner to the method employed in chicken cholera
and anthrax.

The revelations involved in this and similar re-
searches has thrown much light upon the influences
brought to bear upon the microbe, so that their viru-
lence can be enhanced or attenuated by passage through
bodies of highly susceptible or highly refractory host,
froni which have preceded the researches to which we

BIOGRAPHICAL

143

ijwe tl'.e anlitoxin of iliphUicri:!. the inoculation against
plague and typhoid fever, the serum treatment of
tetanus, and lereliro-spinal meningiti.s, and the various
microbic preparations now found to be of value in
surgery.

After having treated successfully chicken cholera
and anthrax, and having treated hundreds of animals
successfully against the infection of rabies by a
protective virus as obtained from the spinal cord of
an animal which had died of rabies, the time had
come to apply it to ;i liuiii:in lieinj;, \\ iieii an Alsatian
boy, who had lu.pii li;i.|iy l.ittm l,y .'i v^:u\ .lo,;, came
with his mother on .Inly i;. Iss.",. The lioy was suc-
cessfully treated -ah.] I.e. aim- an eiii|iloye at the Pas-
teur Institute (.')). Then in October came a young
shepherd who, in protecting others, got badly bitten
by a mad dog. lie, too, was cured and became an
employe at the In.stitute. The cure of these two cases
caused people, who had been bitten by mad dogs, or
other animals, to rush to Paris from every part of
the civilized world and thousands were rescued from
the terrible death of hydrophobia.

It is a singular coincidence of lite that it was Lord
Lister's father who, as an amateur optician perfected
the compound microscope which was absolutely neces-
sary for Pasteur to make all his discoveries: while on
the other hand the eporh-making discoveries of Pasteur
were equally indisiniis i;,h lo;- i.ister to devrlop anti-
septic surgery.

ith th.
life a I

cope

that engaged his atteiitiuu <
so skilful in its use. Thus we see the great iKiiioitan.o
of the microscope and tlie indispensable part i( |.iaye,|
in the career of both of these men, and liki \i isr the
indispensable part it played in the revolutiyu thai
took place in the practice of medicine in the nineteenth

It is impossible for anyone who did not live through
these times to realize the condition which existed be-
fore this revolution in the practice of medicine took
place, or to know that tremendous opposition to anti-
septic surgery for more than a dozen years whirh
had to be met and overcome by Pasteur and Lister.
They were attacked by the foremost men, not only in
medicine, but in the church ; but tliey had found the
truth and based their action upon it, and this gave

the poM

all oppo

(6).

Lister's studies with the microscope with his" father
and Sharpey, and his long service Avith the ablest men
in London and Edinburgh, had prepared him for the

(5) In 1S8S many nat
showing their appreciation
Pasteur, by presenting hii
typifies his career by hav

the P:

d with France in
'at services of Louis
;eur Institute which
walls of rare mar-

ble the names of his great discoveries, interspersed
with figures of dogs, fowl, sheep, and cattle, and inter-
twined with wreaths of vines and mulberry leaves.
In the vaulted arch, beneath which he now rests, are
four angels, representing Faith. Hope. Charity, ami
Science.

(6) In accomplishing this revolution, Florence Nisiht
ingale performed a piodigious task when, as soon as
the Crimean \\ ar bioke out, she took a body of nurses
to Scutari to take charge of the barracks hospital Tier
ministiitions and reforms became known throughout
the world 1j\ her 'Notes on Hospitals" and b\ her
"Notes on Nursin,.' Sin pinened from t'le hrst that
hospitals sh.Mil 1 turni li i tinning for nuisps just as

for the aecoi
contributed i
of medicine
and so hum:
the greatest

her in veise

lio has

I dinburgh and went to teach surgery in Glasgow
The wilds ot the Glisgoyy Inhrm iry lhoii„h recentlj
built were dirtj ind gloomy The pitien s from the
S(iualid alleys and factories had b t li tie lesi'stance
to the encroachment of pyaemia septic aeinii erysipelas
and gangiene which yvere so rife in the Inhimarj,
and at times became alarmingly epidenu This condi
tion was common to all hospit iK m tl ose days no

fe ited the objects
and stiried the 1
They were so fan

rightly assume toyvard that \ hich

utabh

List.

to the fan

yyounds yyas due to the owgen m the ii I

tioned It by the sole light ot his geuiu

by the measure rf his wn insight and i ) i I

say. Pasteur s yyoil in the light ct a nr t prim

thiough the underst mdmg of the Mtalitj ol tissue

a means of relief to humanity and the betterme i

the science and art of surgery

tliniLians and stuJe
forging 1 chain o'' e\
world with the gerii '
links of which Paste
and expeumeiits ha 1

of evidence efte tnely

n 1 ne and

1 Lister had a

mil mathe

III (I tics was

III 1

1 n K robcope but

asi in 1

1 hue his son with

us you

th when his artive

thit (.

une within its ringe

undjul

telly w is the e let

Mth that

iith

tame as h\ed and is rihi 1 m his mind as the putuies
on a photograph! plite This acquisition became a
standard for all his subsequent mental activities He
thus knew when examining a subject whetiirr his vision
was clear, and if he could not interpret the meaning
of what he saw he was not content, and bent all his
energies to find it out. It was this training of the
mind yvith yvhich he viewed the subject of simple and
compound fractures of bones.

With an equal amount of injury, the one yvithout the
skin being broken went on to rapid recovery, yvUile
the other yvith the skin broken, there yvas apt to be
pyaemia, septicaemia, gangrene, and death. What was
tlie cause ot this difference? If lie ex.imiiied the dis-
charge under the microscope he fniin.i mi -aiiisms of
the invisible yvorld. He yvas told tliat these ^.el■e inci-
dental to the inflammation yvliich v.a.s e.uised by the
oxygen of the air. He questioned it. His mind had
been so trained that when he could not find an ex-
planation for what took place, he considered it a mys-
tery, but he did not accept tlie mystery and alloyv it
to become familiar with him. ! le \\as in advance o^
the yveight of aiith.nUy in aeknou l.-,l;:iiig the mys-

ter

tlie

teries. He searehe 1 t]u- autliorities fur their philosophy
as to the cause of these diseases, hut he found none
because they had none. His trained mind and philo-
sophic temperament challenged these mysteries. He
yvas discontented in making his reports to have to
record deaths so often from tliese diseases, and so he
inaugurated the most scrupulous cleanliness;, because

HISTORY OF MAINE

in his work upon inflammation lie had seen how various
substances had diminished or destroyed the vitality of
the tissues.

It may seem strange that cleanliness, which for thou-
sands of years had been proclaimed as next to godli-
ness, should not have been practiced by surgeons; but
the facts are that doctors did not pay so much atten-
tion to cleanliness as other men because they allowed
themselves to become familiar with unclean things. The
conditions of the offices of physicians of repute would
not be tolerated today,— bowls and towels were used
so long that it was difficult to tell what was theip
natural color In operating, but little piepiration was
made, sometimes the hands were not washed and the
silk that was ustd f.ii Mituros ^^ i- hung over the
surgeons coai l i i Ml i i i lUs were stuck

into hi!, dirt\ «eie washed

with soip and i ' " but seldom

before it w is 1 in outline of

the

Not\Mi'

into the wards

of the c 1

upulous cleanli-

ness w n

1 e service, with

clean t ^ i nM i

11,^ ,11 1 ill i,li use of deodo-

rants still ili i » i

uo luiikfd itdii. tion in the occur-

iiiii^ ind deiths The mystery

increas. .1 iii 1 still 1

1. Iplt the 1 lusH uf It \,-is some-

thing toiiM \fd to tilt

ucund Whpii he reid Pasteur's

work he leirned that

the ox-igen of the air was not a

out free oxj gen, and died -when exposed to it while
others lived upon the surface and took their oxygen
directly from the air. This accounted for the existence
of superficial and deep putrefaction, the only require-
ments being that the microbes should have access to
the matter capable of producing it. This knowledge
supplied the missing link of the chain of evidence he
had at his command and gave him the working basis
for eliminating the microbes from all wounds, whether
accidental or operative. His long studies with the
microscope, together with his clinical experience with
diseases had prepared him to see this missing link of
evidence through an understanding of the vital forces
which play such an Important part in health and
disease. It revealed the uniqueness of his profound
philosophy among all the medical men of his time, and
was the turning point in his career which revolution-
ized the practice of surgery.

Lister found the question of ligatures in antiseptic
surgery w-as one of the greatest importance, as the
method introduced by Ambrose Pare was a source of
annoyance and of infect inn After making hundreds

final

de-

vised tlir r:,i'_'ni wlih 1, i- • , ■ : live today.

In issi ii ,>, ,^ i,,y |M,,i: .. .. i.i.inl Lister's Clinic
at KinyV i'..ll(:;.- llo^pii:,! "ji.h his methods, and
examine his cases. His metlinil of preparing himself
for an operation was simple. After removing his coat,
he rolled up his sleeves, washed his hands with soap
and water, and rinsed them off with boiled water. He
put on an operating coat and an apron to protect his
clothes. He then dipped his hands in a five per cent,
solution of carbolic acid, bathing his wrists and arms
with it. Lister's hands were clean and his finger nails
were cut •■] — ,,n.l l.ipt clean. He did not even scrub
his lu'i i I nail brush in preparing for an

operati"ii t i he use gloves, cap, or muzzle.

He re;;:iiM ; . ii n. .■ as superfluou,s. He said, "This
same livi- i.-i i.i.i. .solution of carbolic acid is what we
use for purifying our instruments, our hands, and the
skin of the patient. For instruments it is very much
more convenient to be able to purify them by a solu-
tion like this than to boll them as is sometimes the
fashion at present. For private practice it would be
a most troublesome thing to boil your instruments."

The hope of the future depends upon the training
of the child of today, and as the physician enters so
largely into this service he should realize his responsi-
bility and so act that his contribution may be for its
highest development.

In the dawn of history the physician was the treas-
urer of philosophy and morals. As his knowledge of
diseases increased he confined himself more and more
to the practice of medicine, until within the years
alluded to in this address, he has made it one of the
greatest of the sciences, teaching people how to live
and so care for themselves that they may dwell with
immunity in any part of the world. With this all-pre-
vailing capacity of the physician for advancement and
doing good among men in all the activities of life, it
will be seen that in the furious struggle that is now-
going on among the civilized nations of the earth, he
alone, among all men, has not forsaken his ideals, but
has gone forth on the field of battle in the midst of the
hail of bullets and fragments of shells to bind up the
wounds of the injured, relieve their suffering, and carry
them to safety no matter where they may be found or
to whom they may belong. The philanthropy of the
physician knows no bounds. It should, therefore, be
the rallying spirit of our future hope for the interna-
tional relationship which must exist among all people
ere we shall have peace on earth and good will toward

ERASTUS EUGENE HOLT, JR.— In reply
to a question as to what agent was absolutely in-
dispensable in bringing about the revolution that
took place in the practice of medicine in the
nineteenth century, there probably would be
more than one answer. A careful analysis
shows there were many contributing agents, but
one that was indispensable, namely — the com-
pound microscope as perfected by Joseph Jack-
son Lister, Lord Lister's father. Lord Lis-
ter's father was a merchant, but being near-
sighted, his attention was directed to optics at an
early age, and he devoted much of his spare time
to that subject as an amateur optician. He com-
bined mathematical knowledge with mechanical
ingenuity to such an extent that he was able to
devise formulas for the combination of lenses of
crown glass with others of flint glass so ad-
justed that the refractive error of one was cor-
rected or compensated by the other, thus pro-
ducing lenses capable of showing an image high-
ly magnified, yet relatively free from spherical
and chromatic aberrations, the correction of
which had baffled the profoundist physicists ever
since the invention of the microscope in the six-
teenth century, a period of more than two hun-
dred fifty years. Louis Pasteur was a man al-
ways with the microscope, examining the things
of the invisible world. He was a chemist, but
his researches in that field and with the micro-
scope led him to investigate subjects whose eluci-
dation contributed to the truth about the under-
lying causes of diseases, so that he was thought
of as a physician, though he vi'as not a graduate

C^yucuituyi^y

BIOGRAPHICAL

145

in medicine. It was Pasteur's researches with
the microscope that enabled Lord Lister to de-
velop antiseptic surgery. It was the microscope
that developed histology to the rank of a sci-
ence and caused the cell to take its place at the
pinnacle of the great central generalization in
physiology of the nineteenth century. It dem-
onstrated that the cell is in reality the essential
structure of the living organism, and that every
function of the organism is really an expression
of a chemical change and in itself a minute chem-
ical laboratory. It demonstrated to the medical
profession that not only animal but vegetable
organisms directly cause disease with which man-
kind is aflflicted. It demonstrated not only the
status of the healthy cell, but the cause of its
deterioration. In the hands of Pasteur, its mas-
ter interpreter, the microscope brought to view
the truth that specific germs are indeed the cause
of specific diseases. Hence the microscope re-
vealed the rationale of the earlier practitioners
of their dependence on the vis medicatrix
naturae, and showed that this was of much
greater importance than the routine exhibition of
drugs in the cure of diseases. These ideas were
referred to in a comprehensive paper of Dr. Holt,
Sr., in the "President's Address" at the annual
meeting of the Maine Medical Association, in
June, 1916. This address gives a glimpse of
some of the views that were ever present in the
atmosphere that surrounded Dr. Holt, Jr., in his
youth, and no doubt contributed largely in shap-
ing his course and causing him to entertain the
lofty ideals he has so constantly exhibited
throughout his medical career.

Erastus Eugene Holt, Jr., is the son of Eras-
tus Eugene and Mary Brooks (Dyer) Holt, and
is the fourth in a family of six children, four
boys and two girls. He was born on the 5th
of September, 1885, at 723 Congress street, in
a house planned and built by his father two
years previous to that time. This event, to-
gether with the consummation of all the plans
for the incorporation of the Maine Eye and Ear
Infirmary, are the outstanding events in the
career of Dr. Holt, Sr., for that year. The
earlier studies of Dr. Holt, Jr., were carried on
in the excellent public schools of Portland. He
graduated from the Portland High School in
1903, and immediately passed the examinations
necessary to enter Bowdoin College, took the
regular academic course, and graduated there-
from in the class of 1907. One year of this
course, however, counted one year in the course
in the Bowdoin Medical School, Vi-hich he forth-

with entered and from which he graduated at
tlie head of a large class, the majority of whom
were graduates of college. He was c'ected
House Surgeon to the Maine Eye and Ear In-
firmary and served in that capacity one year.
The advantages he had with his father in actively
taking part in the dissections of the eye and ear,
together with the practicing of operations on
the mask and assisting him in operations, had
given him an unusual preparation for the duties
he had to perform in his internship at the In-
firmary. His decision to study medicine came
at the very beginning of his youth, at a time
when the active mind seeks to grasp the meaning
of all things which come within its range. He
thus early became imbued with the course he
had chosen for a life study and practice, and
his mind was wide open to receive impressions,
analyze them and make them his own. These
impressions became as fixed and rigid in his
mind as the pictures on a photographic plate,
and thus became a standard for all his subse-
quent mental activities. To such opportunities,
coming at such an age, have been ascribed the
unusual sucess of many men who have adorned
the medical profession. Upon the completion of
his internship, he was elected an attending sur-
geon to the Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary in
the out-patient department, and also became as-
sociated with his father in the practice of
Ophthalmology and Otology. He has kept up
his anatomical dissections and operations upon
pig's eyes in the mask, notwithstanding the num-
ber and variety of the operations performed by
him would entitle him to be ranked among the
large operators of the country. The technique
of all his operations is carefully planned. He
uses his left hand quite as well as his right,
and both in such manner as to ensure confidence
in accomplishing the objects for which an opera-
tion is made. The clinics of Dr. Holt, Jr., have
aliorded the students of Bowdoin Medical School
an opportunity to observe a variety of diseases
and operations which have been of assistance to
them when they graduated and got into practice.
Thus it will be seen that this institution not
only provides a place for the better treatment
of the poor, who are unable to pay, but in giving
this treatment provides practitioners of medicine
better qualified to treat people who may have
accidents and diseases of these organs at their
homes and will need special treatment in order
to prevent disastrous results.

Dr. Holt, Jr., is a member of the Portland Med-
ical Club; the Aegis ^ledical Club; the Cumber-

146

HISTORY OF MAINE

land County Medical Society, of which he is now
secretary; the Maine Medical Association; and
the Maine Eye and Ear Association, of which
he is also secretary. He is a member of the New
England Ophthalmological Society; the American
Medical Association and its Section on Ophthal-
mology; the Clinical Surgeons' Congress of
North America; and the American Academy of
Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology.

Dr. Holt, Jr., has read papers before these
different societies, of which the one on "Iritis,
with Special Reference to its Diagnosis and
Treatment," brought out the causes of this dis-
ease and the essential points in its diagnosis
with special reference to the early treatment in
order to prevent disastrous results. Another
paper read before the American Academy of
Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology in 1914, at
its Boston session, entitled "Sclero-Corneal
Trephining for Glaucoma" and published in its
Transactions, attracted attention for the number
of cases treated according to the Eliot method
and the careful statistics made of them. These
statistics showed there was less inflammation
after this operation virlien a portion of the iris
was excised — thus agreeing with the results of
the best operators who have practiced the Eliot
operation, and making one more contribution to
establish what has been observed in the operation
for the removal of cataract, namely, that vhen
a portion of the iris is excised there is less in-
flammation following this operation.

After many years of agitation by members of
the several national organizations the American
Board for Ophthalmic Examinations was estab-
lished for the purpose of examining those who
desire to have a certificate from a recognized au-
thority asserting that they are competent to
practise ophthalmology. Dr. Holt, Jr., embraced
the opportunity of presenting himself at the first
examination held by this board in New York and
successfully passed this examination.

Outside of his professional associations, Dr.
Holt, Jr., is a member of the Portland Club, and
the Portland Country Club, and in a modest way
takes part in the social life of the citj'.

On the 5th of September, 1913, the twenty-
eighth anniversary of his birth, he was united
in marriage at South Dresden with Miss Adelaide
Frances Munsey, a daughter of Alexander and
Margaret Lucretia (Costello) Munsey, who are
highly honored residents of that town. Dr. and
Mrs. Holt, Jr., have one child, Mary Sheppard,
who was born on the 31st of July, 1914 — a mem-
orable time in the history of the world.

Dr. Holt, Jr., took a keen interest in the
events which led to the World War and the
entrance of the United States into this war. As
I-iC was planning to enter the Medical Corps of
the United States Army, his father was impressed
into the service of the Medical Corps as Medical
Aide to Governor Milliken, in forming and super-
vising the Medical Advisory Boards, and later
assigned to duty to the Bureau of War Risk
Insurance "for the development and establish-
ment of disability rating." This left Dr. Holt,
Jr., as the only member of the staff of the Maine
Eye and Ear Infirmary, to carry on the work of
that institution, and he felt that it was his duty
to remain and perform this service, inasmuch as
it was the desire of his father, who, as superin-
tendent, had received letters from the Surgeon-
General of the United States Army, urging him
to prevent if possible all the members of the
staff from going into the Medical Corps, imply-
ing that it might be possible for the government
to want to use the institution on an emergency
at any time. However, as his father anticipated
the completion of his work at the Bureau of
War Risk Insurance, Dr. Holt, Jr., had made
definite arrangements to enter the Medical Corps
just before the armistice was declared.

Altliough finally disappointed in not being able
to take active service in the Medical Corps of
the United States Army, Dr. Holt, Jr., did have
the satisfaction of serving on the Medical Ad-
visory Board in the examination of registrants
for the United States Army, and also for ihe
Aviation Corps, both of whicii examinations took
place at the Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary, t'le
headquarters of these organizations.

WILLIAM BATCHELDER SWAN— Granted

a span of life much longer than usually falls to
the lot of man, William Batchelder Swan derived
from his length of years, ninety-one, larger op-
portunities for the service of his fellows in many
channels. His death removed from his city a
merchant of the highest standing, a financier
strong and able, and a citizen who fulfilled to
the letter every duty of good citizenship. Bel-
fast knew many sides of his character and he
stood in public notice for many years without
cause for reproach or blame, living in the ap-
proval and regard of all who knew him.

William Batchelder Swan was a descendant of
Richard Swan and his wife, Ann, who, with their
son, Robert, joined the first church of Boston
in 1639. From Richard Swan descent is through
his son, Robert Swan, his son, Francis Swan,

OZu^Lci. i9nn^M^^ tl cO^CAuAJ^.

BIOGRAPHICAL

147

His son, Nathan Swan, his son, Nathan (2) Swan,
to William B. Swan. Francis Swan served in
Captain John Davis' company of minute-men.
Colonel Frye's regiment and was promoted
through the several ranks from private to lieu-
tenant. He married Lydia Frye. Theit son,
Nathan (i) Swan, was born in Methuen, Massa-
chusetts, and was a farmer throughout his life.
As a private in Captain John Davis' company of
minute-men, Colonel Frye's regiment, he an-
swered the Lexington alarm and was subse-
quently, during the winter at Valley Forge, an
artificer in Captain Pollard's company. He and
his wife, Lydia (Tyler) Swan, were the parents
of seven children.

Nathan (2) Swan, father of William Batchelder
Swan, was born in Andover, Massachusetts, May
IS, 1780, and died June 30, 1835. He was a baker
and merchant, and held various town and county
offices, among them that of deputy sheriff. He
captained a company during the Aroostook War.
He married, at Belfast, Maine, April 13, 1812,
Annabella B. Poor, born in New Salem, New
Hampshire, December 13, 1788, died November
14, 1858, daughter of Benjamin and Joanna
(Batchelder) Poor, and they were the parents of:
Lydia Tyler, born September 25, 1814; Benjamin
Poor, born December 2, 1816; Dorothy Joan,
born September 28, 181Q: Annabella. born March
17, 1821; William Batchelder, of whom further;
and Francis, born September 10, 1835.

William Batchelder Swan, son of Nathan (2)
and Annabella B. (Poor) Swan, was born in Bel-
fast, Maine, May 2, 1825, and died there August
12, 1916, at the advanced age of ninety-one years.
He attended the public schools of his birthplace,
then studied for one term in the Belfast Acad-
emy, then entered business life as a clerk, in
which capacity he served several merchants, es-
tablishing in business in 1856 as a partner in the
firm of Marshall & Swan, wholesale grocers and
grain dealers. This association continued until
1868, and from 1869 to 1877 he operated as Wil-
liam B. Swan & Company. From the latter year
until 1891 the firm name was Swan & Sibley
Brothers, from 1891 to 191 1 Swan-Sibley Com-
pany, and from then until the death of Mr. Swan
the style was Swan-Whitten-Bickford Companj'.
Prosperity attended all of his mercantile ventures
and he ranked among the leading merchants of
the region. From 1879 he was a director of the
Belfast National Bank, filling the office of presi-
dent from 1904 and continuing in this position
after its reorganization as the City National
Bank. The strength and stability of the insti-

tution whose activity he directed is testimony to
the wisdom and force of his executive powers.
The utmost reliance was placed in his adminis-
tration by the stockholders and directors of his
bank, and the results obtained under his control
were an ample justification of this trust. Mr.
Swan served the Belfast Common Council as
president in 1869, and from 1879 to 1881 was
mayor of the city. He brought to the public
business the zealous prosecution that had made
his private interests prosperous enterprises and
Belfast profited largely from his disinterested
service. He was a member of the Unitarian
church.

Mr. Swan married (first) Maria P. Gammans,
who died in Belfast, August 29, 1876. He mar-
ried (second) Abbie Haraden Faunce, daughter
of Asa Faunce (q. v.). There was one child of
his first marriage, Annabel, born July 2T, 1873,
married Walter B. Kelley.

ELISHA EMERY PARKHURST, son of Eli-

sha Parkhurst, was born at Dresden, Maine,
January 26, 1834. He was twelve years old when
his father removed to Unity, and he completed hi.-,
education in the Unity town and high schools.
From 1850 to 1854 he assisted his father on the
farm. He then became an itinerant merchant,
traveling with his wares through Penobscot and
Aroostook counties until 1858 when he bought a
farm at Maysville, now a part of Presque Isle,
Maine, where he was one- of the pioneers. He
cleared over two hundred acres of the three hun-
dred and twenty acres on the farm. His son,
Daniel Vincent Parkhurst, now has a half-inter-
est in the homestead, and now cultivates about
two hundred and sixty acres of the farm's three
hundred and twenty acres. The father has now
retired from active labor. From 1868 to 1912 he
sold farm machinery at Maysville, now called
Presque Isle. In 1883 he built a starch factory
on the line of the Canadian Pacific Railroad, at
the place now called Parkhurst Siding, which he
conducted for ten years. For twenty-five years he
has been one of the largest shippers of potatoes
in the country. For fifteen years he and his son
have made a specialty of growing seed varieties
and have shipped seed stock into nearly every
State in the Union. Their shipments in some
years have exceeded one hundred cars.

In politics Mr. Parkhurst is a Republican. He
cast his first presidential vote for John C. Fre-
mont in 1856, and has always been a Republican.
lor three years he was a member of the Board of
Agriculture, and for four years served as chap-

148

HISTORY OF MAINE

lain of the Maine State Grange. During 1877
and 1878 he represented his district in the State
Legislature. In 1880 he represented Aroostook
county in the State Senate. At that time the
population of Aroostook county was large enough
to entitle it to more than one Senator, and he
again represented the county in 1882, with A. L.
Lambert, of Houlton, as a colleague, and he re-
ceived appointment on important committees.
He has been a deacon of the Congregational
church for the past twenty years, and was one of
the five original organizers of the church in 1865.
He is a member of Maysville Center Grange,
Patrons of Husbandry, and was the first master
of the North Aroostook County Pomona Grange
He is also a member of Trinity Lodge, No. 130,
Free and Accepted Masons, of Presque Isle.

He married, November 6, 1853, at Unity, Maine,
Sarah Chase Small, born at Unity, Maine, INIarch
26, 1835, and died at Presque Isle, January 12,
1913. Mrs. Parkhurst was also a member of the
Congregational church and of Maysville Center
Grange. She was a daughter of Alonzo and Polly
(Chase) Small, of Unity, Maine. The children
of Mr. and Mrs. Parkhurst were: i. Idella M.,
born at Unity, October 12, 1855, graduated at the
Presque Isle High School, and at the Castine
Normal School. 2. Daniel Vincent, born October
14, 1868, in Presque Isle; graduate of Presque
Isle High School, and Augusta Commercial Col-
lege. His children are: Albert E., graduate of
Bowdoin College, 1913, graduate of Harvard
Medical College, 1917, spent one year in Massa-
chusetts General Hospital and is now practis-
ing medicine in Boston, Massachusetts; Edwin
E., graduate of Presque Isle High School, now
with his father on the Elisha E. Parkhurst's Old
Homestead Farm; Eveline, and Mildreth, both
now in high school. 3. Percy Elisha, born Au-
gust 12, 1870; graduate of Presque Isle High
School and of Augusta Commercial College. He
was a farmer here, but later went West after
having sold his farm and there bought real estate
for himself and his father, and died in San Fran-
cisco, February 2, 1913.

Elisha Parkhurst, father of Elisha Emery Park-
hurst, was born in New Hampshire, June 26, 1766,
and died in Unity, Maine, September 30, 1859. He
married (first) Mercy Patterson, who died in
Dresden, leaving no children. He married
(second) Lucy G. Emery, of Fairfield, Maine, who
became the mother of Elisha Emery Parkhurst.
Elisha Parkhurst was a son of George (4)
Parkhurst, who was born in Weston, Massachu-
setts, in April, 1733, and who with his three sons.

Samuel, Nathan and George served in the Revo-
lutionary War. George (4) Parkhurst was the
son of George (3) Parkhurst, who was a son
of John Parkhurst, born January 3, 1685. John
Parkhurst was a son of George (2) Parkhurst,
who was born in England in 1618. George (2)
Parkhurst was a son of George (l) Parkhurst,
the immigrant ancestor, who came to this coun-
try in or about 1635, bringing with him at least
two children, George (2) and Phebe. George (i)
Parkhurst was living in Watertown, Massachu-
setts, in 1642, and was admitted a freeman in
1649. The name of Parkhurst originated in the
Isle of Wight about 1038.

FREDERICK STURDIVANT VAILL— Until
his retirement in 1915 from the firm of F. S.
and E. G. Vaill, Mr. Vaill was one of the most
active business men of Portland, and although
he has largely curtailed his interests he has still
connection with many of the principal enter-
prises of his city. Mr. Vaill is a son of Cap-
tain Edward Eugene and Charlotte Firth (Sturdi-
vant) Vaill, his mother the daughter of Captain
Isaac Fenton and Julia Boyde (Belden) Sturdi-
vant, tracing her descent from thirteen of the
passengers who came to America in the Mayflon-er
in 1620. Charlotte Firth (Sturdivant) Vaill died
in Portland, Maine, September 28, 1912.

Captain Edward Eugene Vaill was a son of
Dr. Charles and Cornelia Ann (Griswold) Vaill,
of Litchfield, Connecticut, his ancestral line con-
necting with the Bissell, Boardman, Wolcott,
Phelps, and other prominent families of Con-
necticut. Captain Vaill held his rank in the
United States navy and was commander of Gen-
eral Burnside's flagship, Guide, at the capture of
Roanoke Island during the Civil War, being com-
mended for his bravery.

Frederick Sturdivant Vaill was born at Clare-
mont. New Jersey, December 9, 1866, and after
attendance at the public schools he entered the
celebrated "Gunnery School" at Washington,
Connecticut. Later he was a student in the
F"riends New England Boarding School, at Provi-
dence, Rhode Island, now known as the Moses
Brown School, which had been attended by his
mother, an uncle, a brother, and six cousins.
After a course in the Collegiate School of Duane
& Everson, New Jork City, he began his busi-
ness career in the employ of the wholesale dry
goods house of Deering & Milliken, of Port-
land, then entering the dry goods commission
field in New York City with the firm of Clarence
Whitman & Company. For nearly ten years Mr.

^'/.//'// .. 'r////r/- /^v////v/

BIOGRAPHICAL

149

Vaill was associated with this firm and then,
upon the death of his grandfather, Captain Isaac
Fenton Sturdivant, of Portland, he returned to
Portland and began real estate dealings with his
brother, Edward Griswold Vaill, operating under
the firm name of F. S. and E. G. Vaill. This
firm conducted extensive operations in Port-
land and vicinity, and Mr. Vaill played a promi-
nent part in the direction of its large affairs
until his retirement in 1915. He was one of the
incorporators and treasurer of the Portland
Realty Trust Company.

He is a Republican in political belief, but in-
dependent in his action at the polls, influenced
by men and measures much more than party dic-
tates. He is a member of many organizations,
membership in which is based upon family an-
tiquity and service, and is governor of the Maine
Society of Mayflower Descendants, of which he
is a charter member through descent from both
Captain Myles Standish and John and Priscilla
Alden; junior vice-president of the Maine Society
of American Wars; past president of the Maine
Society, Sons of the American Revolution; treas-
urer of the Maine Society of Colonial Wars; and
a member of the Maine Historical Society, the
Maine Genealogical Society, and the Huguenot
Society, of South Carolina. Mr. Vaill has long
been keenly interested in genealogical and local
historical subjects and has a unique and valuable
collection of articles of the Colonial and Revo-
lutionary periods at his country place, "Broad
Acres," at Yarmouth Foreside, located upon the
site of the first settlement of North Yarmouth,
which was laid out by the five commissioners
appointed by Governor Danforth, of Massachu-
setts, in 1685, one of the commissioners, John
York, having been one of his ancestors. Mr.
Vaill is a member of the Cathedral Church of St.
Luke, serving on the income committee of that
congregation, and also holds membership in the
Portland, Portland Yacht, Portland Farmers and
Portland Country clubs and the Church Club of
Maine. Mr. Vaill is closely identified with many
of the charitable organizations of his city and
although retired from the firm bearing his name
remains in close touch with all movements and
enterprises affecting the welfare and prosperity
of Portland.

HON. CHARLES F. WOODWARD— No man

of the legal fraternity was more respected by
the community which he served than Justice
Charles F. Woodward, of the Supreme Bench
of Maine. He was born in Bangor, April 19, 1848,

a son of Abraham W. Woodward, for many
years the proprietor of the Penobscot Exchange
and a prominent citizen of Bangor and of Penob-
scot county.

Mr. Woodward attended the Bangor schools
in his early youth, and in 1865 entered Phillips-
Exeter Academy, from which he was graduated
in the following year. He then entered Harvard
University and was graduated with the class of
1870, and at the close of this course entered upon
work in the law school of the University and
completed his studies and received his degree
of Bachelor of Laws in 1872. He continued his
law studies in the office of Peters & Wilson,
the firm being composed of the Hon. John A. Peters
and Franklin A. Wilson, Esq. In October, 1872, he
was admitted to the Penobscot bar, and for a
short time he practiced alone. Soon afterwards,
however, he entered into partnership with Frank-
lin A. Wilson, Esq., and this connection con-
tinued until 1890. About this time also he was
admitted to practice in the United States Cir-
cuit courts.

As a lawyer Mr. Woodward was careful, pains-
taking and learned, and no man could be found
who held more conscientiously and loyally to the
rights of his clients than did he. His reputa-
tion among his professional brethren was even
greater than his popularity with the general
public, and when he was elevated to the bench
his appointment gave great satisfaction. He re-
ceived his appointment as associate justice on
the Supreme Bench from Governor William T.
Cobb, December 7, 1906, to fill the vacancy oc-
casioned by the promotion of Justice Emery to
be chief justice in place of the late Hon. Andrew
Wiswell. This appointment was a source of
gratification not only to his friends, of whom he
had many, but to all the citizens of Penobscot
county and to the bar of Maine in general. Be-
fore his appointment he had served in many im-
portant capacities, among which was that of at-
torney of the Maine Central Railroad. He was
also attorney for the Great Northern Paper
Company, the Canadian Pacific and many other
great corporations, some of which he repre-
sented in Augusta in the legislative session. This
important work and the pecuniary emoluments
which attached to a large and successful practice
he laid aside to undertake the service of the
State. The appointment followed a severe ill-
ness and although he appeared to be convalescent
he never entirely regained his health. Thus he
was unable to sit at the two terms of court as-
signed to him after his appointment, and the

150

HISTORY OF MAINE

only occasion on which he occupied the bench
was at the recent June terra of the law court,
before the close of which he was attacked by
the illness which proved his last. Justice Wood-
ward died June 17, 1907, at his home on Somerset
street, Bangor.

Justice Woodward married Carrie Varney, sis-
ter of General George Varney, and his widow
and a son, John Woodward, survive him.

CHARLES DUNN, JR., representative of an
old and honored family of the State of Maine,
has never completed his education, for the rea-
son that, since leaving academic institutions, he
has never ceased in his endeavor to vigorously
school himself by close study of, and thoughtful
reaction on as many subjects as it has been
possible for him to pursue, outside of his ordi-
nary business. As a result he is a man of not
only culture and refinement, but with a broad
understanding of human beings, their shortcom-
ings and infinite possibilities, which makes him
especially well fit to assume the responsibilities
attached to the position which he now holds as
superintendent of the State Reform School for
Boys. Many years ago the Dunn family set-
tled in Maine, and there are records of several
of its members who achieved distinction and
prominence in their respective communities.

(I) Jonah Dunn was selectman during 1806-
08-09-15, in Cornish, York county, Alaine, where
he lived for some time. During the winter of
1826 he removed with his family to Houlton,
undertaking a hazardous journey up the frozen
Baskohegan river to its source and thence
through a Maine woods with nothing there to
guide them but the trees. He was a Quaker of
great strength of character, familiarly addressed
as "Squire," having been a justice of the peace,
whose legal services were frequently sought.
Through his influence and activities, aroused by
the offensive bullying attitude of certain British
military authorities at Houlton, a petition was
drawn up and many signatures attached thereto
asking Congress to create a military post and
establish a garrison there, in order to, insure the
comfort and safety of settlers. The petition was
passed upon and the post established. The wife
of Jonah Dunn, Lydia (Trafton) Dunn, died in
Houlton, and he died later in Augusta, Maine.

(H) Charles Dunn, the youngest child of Jonah
and Lydia (Trafton) Dunn, was born in Cornish,
December 13, 1813. He was noted as a skille3
horseman, and for twenty-eight years carried
mails from Houlton to points north, incidently

introducing a large e.vpress business and passen-
ger service, continuing until 186S, when upon be
ing underbid by another for carrying tlic mail,
sold !:is outfit and retired from active life. Hi:'
Democratic convictions did not keep him fron^
enthusiastically supporting the measures of the
Government during the Civil War. In 1859 he
married Lydia Cloudnian, born in St. David's
Parish, New Brunswick, 1833, and died in Houl-
ton, June 20, 1861. Her father, James Cloud-
man, of Wakefield, New Hampshire, was the son
of Gilman Cloudman. Her mother, Hannah
(Foster) Cloudman, was the daughter of George
and Cynthia (Chase) Foster. Her great-grand-
father. Colonel Benjamin Foster, received mili-
tary distinction for his action with Pepperell's
army in the capture of Louisburg, and as the
companion of O'Brien in the capture of the
Margarctta at Machias, at an early period in ti)e
Revolutionary War. James Cloudman was a suc-
cessful farmer and stock-raiser. To Charles and
Lydia (Cloudman) Dunn was born one child,
Charles, Jr., of whom further.

(HI) Charles (2) Dunn, son of Charles (i) and
Lydia (Cloudman) Dunn, was born in Houlton,
Maine, June 9, 1861. He attended the public
schools there and later the Ricker Institute,
where he received his preparation for college.
At the age of twenty-two years he began the
study of law in the office of General Charles P.
Mattocks, and in 1855 was admitted to the Cum-
berland county bar. For the four following
years he practiced his profession in Portland,
after which he entered into the street sprinkling
business for a period of four years. In about the
year 1892, owing to a prolonged illness, he was
more or less occupied in out-of-door work. For
two years he served as a member of the City
Coimcil of Portland, and in 1901 received the
appointment as sherifif, which office he filled for
two years. Following this he became associated
with the Press and Sunday Tiiiii's of Portland.
He was also employed for a while as special
agent of the Equitable Life Insurance Company,
of New York. In 191 1 Mr. Dunn became super-
intendent of the State Reform School for Boys.
In this responsible capacity he has been remark-
ably successful. The institution is a model one,
situated about five miles outside of Portland. Mr.
Dunn is a great student and as such has made a
specialty of collecting books. As a result his is
a very fine library. He is a past master of Port-
land Lodge, No. I, Free and Accepted Masons;
a member of Greenleaf Chapter, No. 13, Royal
Arch Masons, of which he has been an officer;

BIOGRAPHICAL

151

and of Portland Council, Royal and Select Mas-
ters. He is vice-president of the Farmers' Club,
and a member of the Baptist church.

Mr. Dunn married in Portland, November 21,
1888, Grace Elizabeth Walton, born in Portland,
November 2, 1862, daughter of Mark and Eliza-
beth (Pote) Walton. Mr. Walton before his
death was a designer of furniture, and for over
thirty years was associated with the firm of
Walter Corey as such. He died in 1864, and his
wife died in 1905. Mr. and Mrs. Dunn have
one child, Esther Cloudman, born May 6, 1891.
She was graduated from Cornell College with the
class of 1913, and at present is a teacher of Eng-
lish in Bryn Mawr College.

HON. SILAS WATSON COOK, for many

years one of tlie most prominent and success-
ful merchants of Lewiston, Maine, and a citizen
of wide influence in the community, where his
death occurred June 22, 1898, was a native of the
town of Madrid, Maine. He was the son of Han-
son and Nancy (Wheeler) Cook.

Silas W. Cook was one of a family of eleven
children. He was born May 20, 1837, and as a
lad attended the public schools of Madrid. At
the age of twelve, however, he accompanied his
parents to Lewiston, where he continued his
schooling. At the age of twenty, he left his
home in Lewiston and went South, settling in
Alabama, where he worked in clerical capacities
for two and a half years. At the end of that
period, upon the outbreak of the war in 1861, he
returned to his home in the North, and there en-
tered into business.

On October 28, 1863, Silas W. Cook was united
in marriage with Margaret A. Adams, daughter
of Benjamin and Margaret (Riant) Adams, at
Farmington, Maine. They made their home in
Lewiston until 1864, when they moved to Farm-
ington, where for seven years Mr. Cook managed
the farm of his father-in-law. Upon his return
to Lewiston, he engaged in business with his
brother-in-law, O. G. Douglass, and establislied
a business in books, stationery, wall-paper, etc.
After carrying on this business for some twelve
years, meeting with a high degree of success, lie
sold his interest and went to Philadelphia. For
several years he spent his winters in that city,
associated with the publishing house of Porter
& Coates, but made his summer home in Lewis-
ton. For two years before the close of his life
he was engaged in business witli John W. West,
as a dealer in real estate and insurance, a line
in which he was eminently successful.

Mr. Cook was prominent in fraternal circles,
being a member of a number of orders. He was
an active member of the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows, having joined Manufacturers and
Mechanics Lodge, No. 13, on January 31, 1872.
Later he withdrew from that lodge and became
a member of Golden Rule Lodge, No. 73. He held
many offices in connection with the Odd Fel-
lows; was a member of the Grand Lodge, of
which he was first vice-grand in 1874, ^"d i" 1882
was elected grand master, In 1883 and 1884
he represented the Maine Grand Lodge in the
Sovereign Grand Lodge of America. He was
also affiliated with the Masonic order. Mr.
Cook from early youth took a keen interest in
public alTairs, and was a member of the Repub-
lican party in his city. He served in various pub-
lic capacities, including a membership on the
school board and a few terms on the City Coun-
cil. In 1880 he was elected to represent Lewis-
ton in the State Legislature, and served on that
body during that and the following year, making
for himself a splendid reputation as a capable and
disinterested public servant. In spite of the offices
which he held, he was very far from being an
office seeker, and rather avoided than sought
after political preferment of any kind. He was
essentially a business man, and was recognized as
possessing an unusual grasp of practical affairs.
In his religious belief Mr. Cook was a Baptist,
and was a member of the Main Street Free Bap-
tist Church of Lewiston, for more than forty
years. He was active in church work, liberally
supporting all its philanthropic undertakings,
and he held the office of deacon for a consider-
able period. His business ability and practical
judgment were greatly relied upon in church
matters, and he devoted much time to the vari-
ous departments of church work. His attrac-
tive personality and benevolence won for him
a large circle of friends.

CHARLES HENRY McLELLAN, one of the

prominent and successful business men of Bath,
Maine, where his death occurred at the age of
eighty-two years, October 23, 1910, was a son of
James Henry and Emma (Fields) McLellan, both
of whom were natives of this place, the latter
being of English parentage. The father, James
Henry McLellan, was a conspicuous figure in his
day and was a major of militia in the War of
1812. He was a son of General Alexander Mc-
Lellan. Major McLellan was engaged in the
business of iron and steel at Bath and it was he
who founded the company which his son after-

HISTORY OF MAINE

wards developed to such large proportions. His
wife, who was Emma Fields before her marriage,
was a daughter of Robert Fields, a prominent
barrister in England, and a granddaughter of
Alexander Lease, who was the secretary of the
old Hudson Bay Company for many years.

Born December 29, 1828, Charles Henry Mc-
Lellan was a native of Bath, Maine, and received
the preliminary portion of his education at the
old academy on High street in this city. He
later attended an academy at Gorham, Maine,
but at the age of twenty years abandoned his
studies and went to the West, one of the great
throng of adventurers whose destination were
the gold mines of California during the agitation
of 1849 and 1850. As in the case of many of
those who thus sought their fortune in the West,
Mr. McLellan found that there were other ways
of gaining wealth more rapid than by washing
sand for gold, and he became a merchant in San
Francisco. He engaged there in the music busi-
ness and remained for eight or ten years in the
western city, meeting with very considerable suc-
cess there. In the meantime, however, his father,
who was engaged in the steel and iron business
at Bath, was very anxious for his son to return
and take a part in the large industry which he
had developed, and so, at the earnest solicitation
of the elder man, he finally came once more to
the East, and at once became associated with his
father. Upon the death of Mr. McLellan, St.,
Charles Henry McLellan, united with his brother,
James A., and became managers of this great
concern, which was, through their efforts, built
up to even larger proportions than ever before.
He was recognized as one of the most successful
and substantial men in this community, and was
associated with a number of important interests
here. He was a director of the First National
Bank, and a power in the financial world. Mr.
McLellan was one of the founders of the Ma-
sonic order in Maine, and held the rank of grand
commander of that order in this State. In poli-
tics he was a staunch Democrat, but although his
talents well fitted him to take a prominent part
in public affairs, he was quite without ambition
in this direction and contented himself with duly
performing the duties of a private citizen. Mr.
McLellan was the possessor of a remarkably fine
voice, and ranked with the great singers of his
time. He was naturally a musician, and took a
keen interest in all the musical organizations of
this region and was a member of the Musical
Oratorio Society of Portland. He was a member
of the Sagadahoc Club and was a well known

figure in the social circles there. A Unftarian in
his religious belief, Mr. McLellan attended the
church of that denomination at Bath and v.'as a
liberal supporter of the work of his congregation.
Charles Henry McLellan was united in mar-
riage, in January, 1854, with Maria Louise Ken-
drick, a native of New York, and a daughter of
Daniel and Jane (Burtnette) Kendrick. of that
city. They were the parents of the following
children : Emma Fields, who now resides with her
mother at Bath; Jennie, who became the wife of
George Duncan, and resides at Portland, Maine;
James Henry, who married Harriett S. Johnson,
of Portland, and now makes his home at Belmont,
Massachusetts; Charles L., who died October 28.
1905.

JOHN STURGIS, M.D., one of the popular
and successful physicians of Auburn, Maine, is
a member of a very old New England family, his
ancestors on both sides of the house dating back
to pre-Revolutionary days. For a number of
generations the family has resided in the "Pine
Tree" State, and his paternal grandfather, John
Sturgis, was born, lived and died near the town
of Gorham, that State. He was a farmer by oc-
cupation and well known in the community. The
first of the family to come to Maine was Jonathan
Sturgis, who journeyed, in 1769, from Cape Cod
to Gorham. He was a soldier in the Revolu-
tionary War, and was one of the early settlers
of this town.

The father of Dr. Sturgis was Dr. Benjamin
Franklin Sturgis, who was born in Gorham,
Maine, then known as White Rock, October 28,
1837. He was a graduate of the Maine Medical
College with the class of 1863, and served as a
surgeon with the Nineteenth Regiment of Alaine
Volunteer Infantry through the Civil War. In
the year 1869 he came to Auburn, where he was
in successful practice for nearly half a century.
He was a very active and capable man, and was
prominent in the political and public life of the
community. A Republican in politics, he was
twice elected to the State Legislature and filled
most of the local public offices. He was twice
married, his first wife having been Mary Ellen
Hammond, who died March II, 1868, leaving three
children: Alfreda H., who died at the age of
four years; Mary Purington, died in 1913, at the
age of fifty-two years; and Alfred, born July 9,
1865, and now a traveling salesman, representing
a drug concern in Portland. He married Emma
Frances Twitchell, by whcm lie has hod two
children, William Alfred, born March 18, 1898,

/p^.i2JtJjyO /l^.

/krp^^^-2^^^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

153

and Frances Freeland, born January 9, 1900. Dr.
Benjamin Franklin Sturgis married (second)
Priscilla Jane Brooks, a native of Lewiston,
Maine, born October 31, 1837. She died July
ID, 1904, at Auburn. Prior to her marriage she
was a teacher in the Lewiston High School and
at the Edward Little High School of Auburn.
Of this union five children were born, as follows:
John, with whose career we are here especially
concerned; Margaret Ellen, who died at the age
of eighteen years, April i. 1891 : Benjamin Frank-
lin, Jr., born March 14, 1875, and is now a prac-
ticing physician at Salem, Massachusetts; Ches-
ter King, who died in infancy; Karl B., born
April II, 1881, and now a practicing physician at
Winthrop, Maine. Dr. Benjamin Franklin Sturgis
died March 31, 1915, at his home in Auburn, the
house which is at present owned by his son. Dr.
Sturgis.

Born September 6, 1871, in the house which
he now owns, John Sturgis, M.D., received the
elementary portion of his education at the local
public school, graduating from the grammar
grades in 1885. He then attended the Edward
Little High School, from which he graduated in
1889, after being prepared for college. He ma-
triculated at Bates College, from which he grad-
uated in 1893 with the degree of Bachelor of
Arts. Following this he spent a year at the
Maine Medical School, and then went to New
York City, where he studied for two years at the
medical college in connection with Bellevue Hos-
pital. He graduated from this institution in
1896, with the degree of M.D. Returning to his
native city of Auburn, he began the practice of
his profession, specializing to a certain extent in
surgery. He has made for himself an enviable
reputation in this line and holds a diploma from
the American College of Surgeons and the title
F.A.C.S. He is at the present time connected
with the surgical department of the Central
Maine General Hospital at Lewiston, in the ca-
pacity of surgeon of the staff. Dr. Sturgis is
recognized as one of the leaders of his profes-
sion in the community and enjoys a large and
remunerative practice. Dr. Sturgis is a member
of the County, Maine Medical and American
Medical associations, and of the New England
Alumni of the New York Medical Society.

Besides his professional activities. Dr. Sturgis
is a well known figure in social and fraternal
circles in Auburn, and is especially prominent in
the Masonic order, having taken his thirty-sec-
ond degree in Free Masonry. He is a memtier
of Tranquil Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted

A'lasons; Bradford Chapter, Royal Arch Masons;
Dunlap Council, Royal and Select Masters; Lew-
iston Coramandery, Knights Templar, and Kora
Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the
Mystic Shrine. Dr. Sturgis is also a member of
the Androscoggin Lodge of the Independent Or-
der of Odd Fellows. In his religious belief he
is a member of the Universalist church.

John Sturgis, M.D., v;as united in marriage
(first) in the year 1896, to Helen Louise Brickett,
of Groveland, Massachusetts, whose death oc-
curred in 1901. Of this union there was one son,
Parker Brooks, born May 27, 1897, a student at
Bowdoin College, class of 1919; enlisted in the
United States army and was commissioned sec-
ond lieutenant in the Officers' Reserve Corps,
attached to the Aviation Section of the Signal
Corps, and was honorably discharged. Dr.
Sturgis married (second) May 6, 1903, Annette
Putnam Brickett, a sister of his first wife, and a
native of Groveland, Massachusetts.

The profession of medicine has something ad-
mirable in it, something that illumines by re-
flected light all those who practice it. It is
something concerned with its prime object, the
alleviation of human suffering, something about
the self-sacrifice that it must necessarily involve
that makes us regard, and rightly so, all those
who choose to follow its difficult way and de-
vote themselves to its great aims, with a certain
amount of respect and reverence. The place
held by Dr. Sturgis in the community is one that
any man might desire, but it is one that he de-
serves in every particular, one that he has gained
by no chance fortune, but by hard and industrious
work, and a most liberal treatment of his fel-
lowmen. He is a man who enjoys a great rep-
utation and one whose clientele is large. His
principle is to ask no questions as to the stand-
ing of those seeking his professional aid, and
he responds as readily to the call of the indigent
as to that of the most prosperous.

DONALD DEAN FRYE GARCELON is well
known in Lewiston, Maine, both as an attorney
and an educator, and has taken an active part in
many departments of the city's life and proved
himself a most valuable and public-spirited mem-
ber of the community. He is a son of Arthur
Alton Garcelon, and a grandson of Asa Garcelon,
both of whom were, like himself, natives of
Auburn, Maine. Asa Garcelon spent his entire
life in that city and his death eventually oc-
curred there at the age of fifty-eight years. He
served through the Civil War as a member of

154

HISTORY OF MAINE

the Twentieth Regiment, Maine Volunteer In-
fantry, and (luring the major portion of his life
followed farming as an occupation. He married
Louisa V. Penley, also liorn in Auburn, and they
were the parents of five children, all of whom are
living at the present time in Auburn. They are
as follows: Arthur Alton, mentioned below;
John P., Albert M., Julia W., and Howard A.

Arthur Alton Garcelon, the eldest child of Asa
and Louisa V. (Penley) Garcelon, was born De-
cember 12, 185S, at Auburn, Maine. He has made
that city his home consistently up to the pres-
ent time, and is now a member of the Board of
Registration and clerk of the overseers of this
board. He married Ada Florence Yeaton, a
native of Auburn. Three children were born u
this union, as follows: Donald Dean Frye, men-
tioned below; Arthur Alton, Jr., now a lieuten-
ant in the United States Navy, who married a
Miss Fiske, of Baltimore; Louise, who became
the wife of Oscar D. Haskill. Arthur Alton
Garcelon, the father of this family, has bcL-n
for many years city marshal and tax collector
and has also served several terms on the Com-
mon Council of the city and the Board of Alder-
men. He is a Republican in politics, and has for
many years been chairman of the Republican
County Committee.

Born on May 18, 1880, at Auburn, Maine, Don-
ald Dean Frye Garcelon passed his chiidh.ocd an.I
early youth in his native city. He attended the
Edward Little High School, from which he w-as
graduated in 1898 and where he was prepared
for college. He then matriculated at Harvard
University, taking the usual classical course and
graduating with the class of 1902, with the de-
gree of Bachelor of Arts. He then took post-
graduate work at the same institution, and in
1903 received the degree of Master of Arts. The
following year he entered the Harvard Law
School, from which he was graduated in 1907.
Upon completing his education, Mr. Garcelon
returned as a teacher in the school in .which he
had studied a number of years before, and for
a considerable period was head of the English
department in the Edward Little High School.
Eventually, however, he decided to make the law
his career in life, and has now for several years
been engaged in its practice in Lewiston. Mr.
Garcelon is recognized as one of the prominent
young attorneys of the bar in this part of the
State. But though he has stepped from the pro-
fession of teaching into that of law, Mr. Garcelon
has by no means given up his interest in the
cause of education, nor abandoned' his efforts in

this department of activity. He was elected
some years ago, and continues to hold at the
present time, a membership on the board of di-
rectors of the Auburn Public Library and has in
tliis capacity done much to increase the educa-
tional efficiency of this splendid institution. Mr
Garcelon has aUvays from early youth taken a
keen interest in the course of public events, nor
has he been backward in playing his part there-
in. Mr. Garcelon is a supporter of the policies
and principles of the Republican party, and in
1916 was elected a member of the State Legisla-
ture, a post which he held during the years 1917
and 1918. He is a man of marked literary tastes
and talents and is an author of much merit, hav-
ing contributed considerable to the field of
poetry, and his abilities are well recognized
among his friends. He is also a prominent fig-
ure in social and fraternal circles in the com-
munity and particularly so in the case of the
Masonic order, having reached the thirty-second
degree of Free Masonry and being affiliated with
the following Masonic bodies: Lodge, Chapter,
Council, Commandery and Temple. Mr. Garce-
lon is also a member of the local lodge of the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a
member of, as well as the vice-president, of the
Waseka Club of Auburn.

FRANK HORTON BUTLER— Educated in
Portland, Maine, and a resident of this city in
his young manhood, Frank Horton Butler's busi-
ness activities carried him far from the home of
his youth, and a quarter of a century of his life
was passed in the West. But the final years
of his business life, as the first, were spent in
Portland, where he achieved business success
and prosperity and standing in his community
that is the reward only of irreproachable integrity
and sterling uprightness in afl things. He was
a son of Thomas and Martha Butler, his father
a silversmith, who made his home in Portland
after the death of his wife in Maiden, Massa-
chusetts. Thomas Butler brought with him his
five sons, William S., Thomas, George, Charles
S., and Frank H. In Portland, Thomas Butler
married (second) Sophronia Higgins.

Frank Horton Butler was born in Maiden,
Massachusetts, January 20, 1851, and died in Port-
land, May 8, 1812. He was but a boy when Port-
land became the family home and in this city he
attended the public schools, completing his
studies in Westbrook Seminary and the Portland
Business College. His entry into business was
in the employ of Sumner Winslow, a provision

^frnnk '^iinton fuller

BIOGRAPHICAL

155

merchant, and later, was for a year in partnership
with his brother, Thomas, in provision dealings,
their store being on Pearl street. At the end of this
time Mr. Butler went West, eventually establish-
ing in business in Chicago, where for twenty
years he operated successfully as a dealer in
lea, coffee and spices. Disposing of his inter-
ests in this city he moved to Colorado, where
he pursued the same line for several years. He
then returned to his early home and embarked
in a new venture, millinery. He prospered in
this line, extended his interests, and at his death
was the head of large wholesale operations. Mr.
Butler was a man of keen business instincts and
tireless energy, thoroughgoing and industrious in
all that he undertook, and basing his success and
prosperity upon absolute knowledge of the pro-
ject in hand. He earned and retained the sin-
cere regard of his business and personal asso-
ciates through his adherence to high-minded
principles and his loyal advocacy of the causes
he believed right. He was a firm and steadfast
friend and of a nature so genial and cordial that
men were instantly attracted to him, virtues of
character far deeper than charm of personality
holding them to him through life. Mr. Butler
was a supporter of Republican principles, and was
an attendant of Congress Square Universalist
Church.

Mr. Butler married, in 1888, Velma F. Waite,
born in Falmouth, Maine, daughter of John and
Ann B. (Long) Waite, of Falmouth, both de-
ceased, descendant of prominent New England
ancestors. John Waite was a caulker by trade
and also a ship contractor. John and Ann B.
(Long) Waite were the parents of: Velma F.,
who survives her husband, a resident of Portland,
and J. L. Waite, a grocer of Portland.

JAMES JOSEPH MEEHAN— The Meehan
family of which James Joseph Meehan is a mem-
ber, has made its home in the United States
for the best part of three generations. The
Meehans came originally from Donegal, Ireland,
in the person of John Meehan, grandfather of
Mr. Meehan of this sketch', who settled at Law-
rence, Massachusetts, where he lived for many
years. Eventually, however, he removed to
Exeter, New Hampshire, where his death finally
occurred. He and his wife were the parents of
four children, all of whom were born at Law-
rence, Massachusetts, but Dennis J., and two of
whom are alive today, namely: Thomas, who re-
sides at Amesbury, Massachusetts, and Dennis
Joseph, father of James J. Meehan. Dennis Jo-
seph Meehan was born at Exeter, New Hampshire.

.\fter spending his childhood and youth in his
native town, Dennis Joseph Meehan removed to
Patchogue, Long Island, where he resides at the
present time and is employed as overseer in the
dyeing department of the Patchogue Lace Com-
pany. He married Annie Mahoney, a native of
Dover, Maine, and they are the parents of si.x
children, all of whom are living today, as follows:
Catherine Elizabeth, Mary Estelle, James Joseph,
with whose career we are here especially con-
cerned; John Francis; Thomas and William.

James Joseph Meehan was born at Dover, New
Hampshire, October 16, 1892. He remained in
his native town, however, so short a time that
even his earliest childish associations were
formed in other towns. When he was but four
years of age his parents removed to Jewett City,
Connecticut, where they remained for two years,
the lad attending the grammar school there for
a short period. The family then removed to
Passaic, New Jersey. Here they remained until
he had reached the age of ten years, and during
that time he attended the public schools, continu-
ing the education which he had begun at Jewett
City. In 1902 the family removed to Lewiston,
where Mr. Meehan has resided ever since, and
here in 1907 he graduated from the Lewiston
Grammar School. He then entered the High
School there, from which he graduated in 191 1
and was prepared for college. He had in the
meantime decided to take up law as a career in
life, and with this end in view matriculated at
Georgetown University, from which he was grad-
uated with the class of 1914. Immediately after-
wards he was admitted to the bar in Maine, and
opened an office in Lewiston in the Manufacturers'
National Bank building. Here he has continued to
do business on an ever increasing scale up to the
present time, and is now regarded as one of the
leaders of the young attorneys. Mr. Meehan is a
staunch Democrat in politics, and has held a number
of local offices to which he was elected as the
candidate of that party. He served an unex-
pired term of one year as clerk of the Municipal
Court, and is a very well known figure in legal
circles here. Mr. Meehan also takes a very
active part in the social and fraternal life of t'le
community, and is a member of the local lodge
of the Order of Knights of Columbus, of the
Aerial Club, and of the Gamma Beta Gamma,
college fraternity, which he joined while a stu-
dent at Georgetown University. He is a Roman
Catholic in his religious belief and attends St.
Patrick's Church of that denomination in Lewis-
ton.

156

HISTORY OF MAINE

WILLIAM E. YOULAND, one of the fore-
most merchants of Biddeford, Maine, and before
his death on March 7, 1917, head of the firm of
W. E. Youland & Company, dealers in dry goods
and similar commodities here, was a member of
a family which for three generations before him
had been identified with New England and its
affairs. The Youland family is of Scottish
origin, its ancestors having been old chieftains in
that country during the early ages.

John YoulanQ, great-grandfather of the pres-
ent Mr. Youland, took part in one of the many
uprisings of his countrymen against the Eng-
lish authorities during the eighteenth century,
and upon the failure of the attempt was ex-
iled to America. Here he took part in the
American Revolution and cast in his fate with
the youthful republic of the New World. Unfor-
tunately, however, he afterwards returned to
England, where he was apprehended, tried and
executed for high treason. His son, Edmund
Youland, grandfather of the present Mr. Youland,
served in the War of 1812. He reared a family
of nine children, five sons and four daughters, of
whom Thomas S. Youland, father of William E
Youland, was the seventli. Tliomas S. Youland
was born at Lisbon, Androscoggin county, Maine.
Upon reaching manhood he settled at Durham in
this State and there adopted agricultural pursuits.
He remained there until 1861, when, upon the
outbreak of the Civil War, he returned to Lis-
bon, his inherited patriotism being aroused, and
enlisted in the Twenty-ninth Regiment, Volunteer
Infantry of Maine, as a private. He served until
the close of the war, his regiment forming a part
of the army under the command of General
Sheridan, and fought under that great oflficer
in his Shenandoah Valley campaign and in the
battles of Winchester and Cedar Creek, where
General Sheridan saved the day by his famous
ride from Winchester. After his discharge from
service he returned to Lisbon, where he resumed
farming, continuing in this occupation until his
death. He married Hattie J. Beals, a native of
Durham, Maine, and they were the parents of
seven children, two of whom died in childhood.

William E. Youland, the second child of
Thomas S. and Hattie J. (Beals) Youland, was
born June 9, 1854, at Durham, Androscoggin
county, Maine. He lived in his native place until
seven years of age, and then came with his par-
ents to Lisbon, where the remainder of his child-
hood was spent. He received his education at
the local district schools, and in the meantime
worked on his father's farm. He was a pre-

cocious child and learned so quickly that at the
age of ten he took charge of the farm in his
father's absence in the war. Two years later
he entered the paper mill at Lisbon, and after
two years of work there became a weaver at the
Farnsworth Mills at Lisbon Center. He was
fourteen years old when he entered the latter
employment, and before a great while he had
been advanced to the position of second hand
there. Seven years he remained in this mill and
then left it in order to take up a course of
study with which he desired to supplement his
early schooling. This course, which was pur-
sued at the Dirigo Business College at Augusta,
Maine, involved great sacrifice on his part, and
he well proved the sincerity of his ambition by
the strict economy practiced during its prog-
ress. After winning his diploma at this insti-
tution he returned to his father's home at Lis-
bon, and then re-entered the employ of the
Farnsworth Company as a weaver. After a few
months employment with this concern he left it
once more and found employment with the Webster
Woolen Company at Sabattus, Maine. His work
at the new place was also that of weaver and he
remained steadily employed for five years, work-
ing on an average from six in the morning to
seven at night. The wages were not generous,
yet in spite of this he managed to save up the
sum of twenty-five hundred dollars during the five
years and then, without a single thought of his
own future or interest, he invested his savings
for the benefit of his parents, an act of gener-
osity and filial affection most characteristic of
the man. Mr. Youland had a natural taste for
mercantile pursuits, and determined to engage
in that line of work. He tried in vain at twenty-
eight different stores at Portland and Lewiston,
but at length succeeded in pursuading J. W.
Pitcher, of the latter place, to employ him in his
establishment. He only received a salary of
three dollars a week, however, upon which he
had to support a wife, so that it required the
greatest confidence in the future as well as sac-
rifice in the present to enable him to persevere.
He did, nevertheless, and two months later se-
cured a place as clerk in the dry goods store of
Muttum & Farrar in Lewiston, at a salary of
eight dollars a week. Though not exactly gen-
erous pay, this was a great improvement, and
the next year it was increased to nine. After
vv'orking there two years he was employed as
head clerk by Oswald & Armstrong, with whom
he remained for six months. He then was a
salesman for R. H. White & Company of Bos-

BIOGRAPHICAL

157

ton, and was later induced by Mr. Bradford Peck
to return to Lewiston and accept a position in
his new store there. Mr. Peck shortly after
gave him the post of buyer for the cloak depart-
ment and manager of that branch of the business.
Eventually he became a stockholder and a di-
rector of the concern. Eight years later he sev-
ered his connection with that company, and on
September 2, 1893, formed a partnership with
Samuel Boothby, of Portland, and G. W. Rich-
ards, of Houlton, and they established them-
selves at Biddeford, Maine, under the firm name
of W. E. Youland & Company. Mr. Youland
was manager of this concern, which rapidly grew
in size and importance until it reached its pres-
ent great proportions. It deals in dry goods,
fancy goods and cloaks, fur suits and carpets,
and their large stock requires for its handling
a force of twenty clerks and two spacious floors.
Mr. Youland was interested in many other enter-
prises in Biddeford, and was a most active mem-
ber of the Biddeford Board of Trade, of which he
was president and director, a stockholder in the
Masonic Building Association, and an instigator
of the business movement known as "Merchants'
Week." He was also interested in educational
affairs, served three years on the Board of Edu-
cation, and donated the land and fifteen hundred
dollars to build the school house in Lakeview,
North Carolina, also furnishing the electric light
for same, and the dedication of the building took
place on March 20, 1915. He also built seven-
teen hundred feet of cement dam at Lakeview.
He built the Longwood Apartment and a num-
ber of houses.

Mr. Youland was a prominent Free Mason
and a member of Dunlap Lodge, Ancient Free
and Accepted Masons; York Chapter, Royal Arch
Masons; Maine Council, Royal and Select Mas-
ters; Bradford Commandery, Knights Templar;
and Ada Chapter, No. i, Order of Eastern Star.
He was a member of the Pilgrim Fathers, having
all the chairs of the local colony and acted as
representative to the Supreme Council. He was
captain of the Francis Warren Chapter, Sons of
Veterans; was a member of the State Historical
Society; the National Geographic Society of
Washington, District of Columbia; the Maine
Club, of which he was president in 1913-14-15-16;
the Pine Tree Club of Boston, and York Club.
In politics Mr. Youland was a Republican and
took an active part in local affairs. He was
elected as alderman from Ward Seven in 1896,
and was president of that body and a member
of several important committees. One of his

greatest interests was the moral welfare and gen-
eral improvement of the community, and he
was a man of strong religious feelings and be-
liefs. A Baptist in faith, he was very promi-
nently identified with the Jefferson Street Bap-
tist Church, having served on various commit-
tees and as superintendent of the Sunday school.
He was chairman of the committee to rebuild
that edifice, and was chairman of the commit-
tee to build over Pravillian Church to the IMc-
Arthur Library. He was also actively con-
nected with the Lewiston Young Men's Christian
Association and served as its president.

William E. Youland married. October g, 18S1,
at Lewiston, Susie F. Teel, who is a member of
the Daughters of the Revolution and State
regent of Maine, also the second regent of Re-
becca Emery Chapter of the Daughters of the
Revolution of Biddeford in 1899; was president
of the Thursday Club; vice-president of the Jef-
ferson Baptist Church Society; State superin-
tendent of the senior Young People's Christian
Endeavor; worthy matron of Ada Chapter, No.
I, Order of Eastern Star. When the battle ship
came to Portland, Maine, Mrs. Youland made a
remarkably brilliant and well delivered address
on the presentation of the insignia of Maine to
the battle ship by the Daughters of the Revolu-
tion of Maine. She served as chairman of the
committee of the Old Home Week. Mr. and
Mrs. Youland were the parents of three children,
as follows: i. William E., Jr., born August 25,
1884; was graduated from Biddeford High
School in 1902; Bowdoin College, class of 1906;
McGill Medical University, Canada, class of 1910;
he then entered Bellevue Hospital, New York
City, where he remained until he was appointed
to the Health Department of New York City, and
later was appointed on the State Health Depart-
ment as one of the directors and lecturers, be-
ing sent all over the State of New York, to the
laboratories, and to look after the sanitary con-
dition of the cities and towns; he joined the
Medical Reserve Corps of New York City and
was called in May, 1917, and is now first lieuten-
ant of the Base Hospital in France; he has writ-
ten works on diphtheria and other diseases, and
has done research work for the State. 2. Galen
Linwood. born November 2, 1887. 3. Grace Lil-
lian, twin of Galen Linwood, married James
Harvey Bryan, of Henderson, North Carolina,
and they have two children: James Harvey, Jr.,
born October 20, 1913, and William Youland,
born March 8, 1918.

158

HISTORY OF MAINE

JOHN EVERETT KINCAID, manager of the
J. N. Wood Compan}', the largest concern of its
kind in Lewiston, is a native of this city, and has
been intimately associated with the life and af-
fairs throughout his entire career. He is an only
son, and was born at Lewiston, September 21,
1883. On the maternal side of his house he is de-
scended from a very old New England family,
which was founded here in the early Colonial
period by one William Wood, who came from
Derbyshire, England, and settled at Concord,
Massachusetts. Here his descendants resided for
a number of generations, and then Nathan Wood,
great-grandfather of the Mr. Kincaid of this
sketch, brought the name to Maine, making his
home in the town of Stark. One of Nathan Wood's
sons was John Nathan Wood, who established
the successful coal and wood business of which
his grandson is now the manager.

Mr. Kincaid acquired his education, or the ele-
mentary part thereof, at the local public schools;
graduating from the Lewiston High School with
the class of 1903. He then attended Bowdoin
College, and after completing his studies at this
institution was given a position by his grand-
father, Mr. Wood, in the latter's establishment.
Mr. Kincaid began at the bottom of the ladder in
his business career, taking first the position of of-
fice boy, from which, however, he was shortl)'
promoted to a clerical post. His grandfather was
possessed of that practical wisdom which fore-
saw that a training of this sort would be the best
to render the grandson the capable business
man which it was his ambition that he should
be. With this policy, Mr. Kincaid himself was
entirely in sympathy, and set himself to learn the
details of the business with the greatest industry.
In this he was entirely successful and it was nor
long before he was appointed to the office of
manager. This appointment occurred some three
years before the death of his grandfather, and
he has continued to hold it ever since. Jilr. Kin-
caid has devoted his entire time to the tasks and
responsibilities involved in the business with
which he is connected, and has found compara-
tively little opportunitj' to engage actively in
other lines of work. This is particularly the
case in political life, from which he has remained
entirely aloof, although there are many among
his associates and friends who realize that the
qualities which make him so successful a busi-
ness man well fit him for public office. He is a
member of a number of clubs and fraternities
however, and is especially prominent in the Ma-
sonic order, being affiliated with the following

Masonic bodies: Ashlar Lodge, Ancient Free
and Accepted Masons; Lewiston Commandery,
Xo. 6, Knights Templar; Kora Temple, Ancient
Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. Dur-
ing his college days he became a member of the
Delta Upsilon fraternity. Mr. Kincaid is also a
member of the Calumet Club of Lewiston. In
his religious belief he is a Congregationalist and
attends the church of that denomination in Lewis-
ton.

John Everett Kincaid was united in marriage,
April 26, 1917, in New York Cit\', with Mrs.
Caroline (Mitchell) Hodges, a native of Califor-
nia, and a daughter of Charles and Rachel (Tag-
gett) Mitchell.

AMMI WHITNEY— The due reward of merit,
it has often been observed, is frequently or even
generally withheld until death has rendered its
payment in vain, but this is perhaps less the
case in such communities as are typical of these
United States, where the members are ever on
the outlook for ability, and talent is recognized
as the most valuable of marketable commodities.
It is surely not true in the case of Ammi Whit-
ney who, from his early j'outh onward, has been
recognized as possessing capabilities of the great-
est value to his fellowmen, and who was quickly
given an opportunity to use them, an opportunity
which he has improved. While yet a young man,
Mr. Whitney became a prominent figure in the
general life of his community and his influence
has been extended far beyond his activities as a
business man, and he became well known for his
public spirit and charitable works. Every enter-
prise that had for its object the betterment of
mankind and the development of the community
commanded a goodly share of his time and
energy and also felt the touch of his zeal and
liberality, and to his unusual gift of persuasion,
combined with indomitable will power, many a
public charity owes its financial success, his name
on the board of directors being a sufficient pledge
that the object sought for would be attained.

Ammi Whitney was born February 13, 1833,
in the town of Cumberland, Maine, son of Ammi
Ruhamah and Hannah (Hall) Whitney, and a
member of a very old and distinguished Maine
family, Mr. Whitney, Sr., being for many years
a farmer in the region of Cumberland, Maine,
and a man of prominence in the community. His
son, Ammi Whitney, was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Falmouth, Maine, and upon com-
pleting his studies in these institutions secured
a clerical position in the agricultural warehouse

^^6*

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BIOGRAPHICAL

159

and seed store of Parker, White & Gannett, of
Boston, Massachusetts. Here he remained for
a number of years, but being of a strongly am-
bitious nature and desirous of becoming inde-
pendent, he withdrew from this firm and formed
a partnership with Hosea Kendall under the firm
name of Kendall & Whitney. This was in the
year 1858, and the enterprise then begun has con-
tinued uninterruptedly to the present time. The
concern deals in agricultural equipment and sup-
plies of all kinds and is one of the largest in
this line of business in New England, but Mr.
Whitney has by no means confined his atten-
tion to this single enterprise, as at the present
time he is one of the most influential figures in
the business and financial world of the city, his
influence extending to a number of important
concerns. He is president and treasurer of the
Kendall & Whitney corporation; vice-president
and director of the Casco Mercantile Trust Com-
pany, and director of the Union Safe Deposit &
Trust Company of Portland; director in the Cum-
berland County Light & Power Company, the
Saco & Biddeford Railroad, the Harpswell &
Casco Bay Steamboat Line, the Union Mutual
Loan Association, the Oxford Paper Company,
the Fitzgerald Land & Lumber Company, the
Union Safe Deposit Company, the Casco Loan
Company, the Portland Loan Company, and the
JefTerson Theatre. Mr. Whitney's activities in
connection with the general life of the com-
munity, and especially in connection with its
charitable movements, have already been com-
mented upon. He is at the present time a di-
rector of the Home for Aged Men and the Maine
Eye and Ear Infirmary. Mr. Whitney is a
staunch Democrat, and has always fulfilled, in the
fullest degree, his obligations to society as a cit-
izen. He has not, however, been actuated by
any ambition to hold office at any time, and has
consistently refused to consider any suggestion
which might draw him from private into public
life. He is a member of the Bramhall League
Club of Portland. In his religious belief Mr.
Whitney is a Unitarian and attends the First
Parish Church of Portland.

Mr. Whitney married, October 10, i860, Emily
Stevens Haskell, a daughter of Samuel and
Adaline (Stevens) Haskell. Of this union five
children were born, as follows: Emma Haskell,
who died in infancy; Alice Prince, Kate Dunlap,
Samuel Haskell, and Joseph Walker.

have been citizens of Maine, but origmally came
from Massachusetts. Joseph Warren Sawyer,
of Millbridge, Washington county, Maine, settled
in Millbridge with his newly acquired LL.B. and
has been there professionally engaged until the
present. He is a son of Warren and Mary
Louise (Knowles) Sawyer, his father a sea cap-
tain and shipbuilder of Millbridge.

Joseph Warren Sawyer was born in Addison,
Maine, September 29, 1878, but soon afterward
his parents moved to Millbridge, and there he
attended public school. Later he was a stu-
dent at Kent's Hill Preparatory School and Heb-
ron Academy, going thence to the law depart-
ment of the University of Maine, receiving his
degree, LL.B., at graduation, class of 1910. He
then returned to Millbridge, where he has since
been engaged in the practice of his profession.
He has also business interests of importance, be-
ing secretary and manager of the shipbuilding
firm. The Sawyer-Mitchell Company of Mill-
bridge. He is a member of the Washington
County Bar Association, and has won his way
to honorable position at the bar and in business.
Mr. Sawyer is a Republican in politics, and for six
years was chairman of the Republican Town Com-
mittee. He is also a member of the Republican
County Committee and active in party affairs.
He is affiliated with the Masonic order, holding
membership in the lodge and chapter, member
of the Knights of Pythias, and of Phi Delta
Phi, (University of Maine Law School).

Mr. Sawyer married in Millbridge, Maine, De-
cember 4, 1901, Helen N. Wyman, daughter of
Jasper and Lucretia Dyer (Wallace) Wyman.

JOSEPH WARREN SAWYER-Several gen-
erations of this branch of the Sawyer family

FRANCIS HECTOR CLERGUE, son of Jo-
seph H. and Frances (Lombard) Clergue, was
born in Bangor, Maine, May 28, 1856. After at-
tending the public schools of his native city, he
became a student at the University of Maine,
and upon his graduation from that institution in
1877, snd having prepared himself by legal
studies, he was admitted to the bar of the State,
and later he practiced at the United States Su-
preme Court. His practice of law, however, was
of short duration, in 1880 he became interested
in manufacturing and hydraulic engineering, and
so rapidly was his rise in this profession that
we find him in 1894 president of the Lake Supe-
rior Power Company, the Algoma Steel Com-
pany, and the Algoma Central Railroad. At
about this time he became interested in the de-
velopment of the hydraulic power of the Falls
of St. Mary at Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, and

160

HISTORY OF MAINE

Ontario, and in the construction and operation
in that locality of various factories, comprising
blast furnaces, steel rail, rolling mills, iron
mines, pulp mills, transportation and steamship
lines. He also became connected with the Al-
goma Central Railroad and the Algoma Eastern
Railroad Companies. Mr. Clergue is unmar-
ried, and maintains business offices in New York
City and Montreal, Canada.

DEARBORN CILLY SANBORN, late of
Farmington and Wilton, Maine, his death oc-
curring at his home at the later place, Septem-
ber 30, 1904, was a man of great prominence in
the community, and was highly-respected and
esteemed by his fellow-citizens in both these
communities. Mr. Sanborn was a son of Cap-
tain John W. and Mary J. (Locke) Sanborn, both
of whom were natives of Tilton, New Hampshire,
but who came later to Chesterville, Maine, where
the former engaged in the occupation of farm-
ing.

In Chesterville, Dearborn Cilly Sanborn was
born, February 24, 1839, but it was at the public
schools of Chesterville that he received his edu-
cation, attending those institutions until he had
reached the age of fourteen years. His educa-
tional opportunities were extremely limited, but
he was a lad of great ambition, and realized the
value of a good education, so that he supple-
mented his studies with wide, independent read-
ing and continued to practice that habit during
practically all the remainder of his life. At the
age of fourteen he was obliged to engage in some
remunerative occupation, and accordingly secured
a position in a shoe shop at Lynn, Massachu-
setts, where he remained for two years. His
enterprising disposition was shown in the next
move he made, for at sixteen he went West and
secured a position on a ranch in Minnesota, where
he worked until eighteen years of age. He then
went still further West, and settled in the Santa
Clara valley, in California, where once more he
worked on a ranch for five years. At the end
of that period he felt it his duty to return to
the East, to care for his father and mother, and
here made his home at Farmington, where they
were residing at the time. He formed a partner-
ship with F. J. Austin of that place, and they
engaged in business as manufacturers of spools,
to supply the various manufactories of this
region with that important article. Their fac-
tory was at Weld, Maine, and there they did a
most successful business until the year 1885,
when Mr. Sanborn retired from active life. He

then came to Wilton, Maine, where he bought
the house in which his daughter now lives, and
resided there until his death, in 1904. He was
very prominent in the life of Farmington, and
for several years was a director of the First
National Bank at that place. In politics he was
a Democrat, but never identified himself with the
local organization of his party, and had no am-
bition for public office. Mr. Sanborn was a
member of Wilton Lodge, No. 156, Ancient Free
and Accepted Alasons, of Wilton. In his re-
ligious belief he was a Universalist, and attended
the church of that denomination at Weld and
afterwards at Wilton.

Dearborn Cilly Sanborn was united in marriage,
January i, 1873, with Sarah A. Williams, a na-
tive of Chesterville, Maine, where she was born
in the year 1851, a daughter of Thomas and Sally
(Carson) Williams, the former a native of Ches-
terville, and the latter of Mount Vernon, Maine.
Mrs. Sanborn died October 11, 1916. To Mr.
and Mrs. Sanborn two daughters were born at
follows: Lillian A., died November 16, 1914,
and Xina G., who at present resides in the old
home at Wilton.

ARTHUR JEREMIAH ROBERTS— Among
the noted educators of Maine is Arthur Jeremiah
Roberts. He was born at Waterborough, Maine,
October 15, 1867, the son of Albert Hall and
Evaline A. (Dearborn) Roberts. He was grad-
uated from Colby College in 1890 with the de-
gree of A.B., and in 1900 was granted the de-
gree of A.M. by Harvard University. He was
from 1895 to 1908 Professor of English Litera-
ture in Colby College, Waterville, Maine, and on
July I, 1908, he was inaugurated president of
Colby College, which position he now holds.

Professor Roberts married, August 27, 1895,
Ada Louise Peabody, of Gilead, Maine.

JOHN ROBERT GRAHAM— From the hum-
ble home of a mechanic, as son, to become the
founder of a great business; to turn at middle
age to the world of rapid transit and accom-
plish there what veterans in that field had failed
successfully to achieve; to enter the field of
finance and become a leader, that surely is a
noble record for one life. Yet this and more
John Robert Graham did.

He was democratic by nature, and wherever
he resided there at once he appeared as a public
spirited citizen. Though he spent most of his
life in and around Boston, nevertheless when he
became a resident of Bangor, he at once inter-

^^y-A/V^ "S ^S^^7//A

■^7^71

BIOGRAPHICAL

ested himself with local affairs, as if he had lived
there all his life. The people of Bangor felt
instinctively that he was their friend and fol-
lowed his leadership unquestioningly. Nor were
they disappointed; for when that city suffered
from the great fire wherein many of its finest
buildings were burned, when many were dis-
couraged and said, "Bangor will never recover
from the blow," it was Mr. Graham who sounded
the note of confidence in the city's future.
"Would the large building that he had contem-
plated building now be built?" was asked on
every hand. His answer was unhesitating: "Yes,
it will be built, and if there is any man who,
because of the fire, has real estate to sell, I am
ready to buy it." The effect was immediate;
men who had lost heart, hearing the words of
this leader of finance, took courage again and a
new and better Bangor is the result.

He was born in the North of Ireland at Flor-
ence Court, County of Fermanaugh, December
19, 1847. He died at the White Mountains,
August 24, 1915. His parents were of Scotch
descent, as were all his ancestors. His paternal
grandfather was Matthew Graham; his maternal
grandfather was Anthony Henderson, who mar-
ried Anne MofTatt. His mother was Anne Jane
(Henderson) Graham, a woman of character and
grace who exercised no little influence upon the
developing character of her son. His father was
James Graham (1810-1878), who was a mechanic,
and who was beloved in his home town for his
jovial and industrious disposition.

In 1848 they removed to America, settling in
Boston. Here John R. Graham was reared and
sent to school. At ten years of age he worked
out for one dollar per week and his board, and
was allowed to attend the Brimmer Street
School. This continued until he was thirteen
years of age, when he left school permanently
and entered into business life. From fourteen
to sixteen he was with his brother, Matthew
Graham, who was in the shoe business. At six-
teen, he entered the employ of James T. Penni-
man, of Quincy. When seventeen years of age,
he showed his devotion to his adopted country
by enlisting in the Civil War, being attached first
to the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry, Company
E, and later joining Company A of the Forty-
second Massachusetts Infantry. He was mus-
tered out in 1865. He was a leading member of
Post No. 88, Grand Army of the Republic of
Quincy. Although he never spoke of his ex-
ploits in the army, it is only fair that it be noted
here that he was at Petersburg and his regiment
was among the first to enter Richmond.

At the close of the war, he returned to Massa-
chusetts, and with the aid of his brother, who
had been engaged in the shoe business with the
T. E. Mosely Company, they opened a factory at
Quincy. This plant enlarged rapidly until the
Graham Shoe was known far and wide. It is
still manufactured, his sons carrying on the busi-
ness. In 1887 the Quincy Street Railway Com-
pany had fallen upon very difficult times; the
property did not pay nor did it seem it would
pay for many years. Mr. Graham undertook its
reorganization and was more than successful.
He became recognized as an able street railway
man, and was consulted as such by men far and
near. At this same time he became interested
in electric lighting in connection with the street
railway. He was appointed one of the members
of the first Rapid Transit Commission in Massa-
chusetts in 1893. This was a source of some
gratification in later years. When the Quincy
Street Railway Company was taken over by the
Bay State Company, he was elected vice-presi-
dent of the latter corporation. From 1898 to
1901, he was the general manager of the Brock-
ton Street Railway System. In May, 1892, upon
his return from a trip to Europe, he received a
pressing invitation from the president of the
General Electric Company to investigate the con-
dition of the Public Works Company of Ban-
gar, Maine. This company was the first in New
England to run electric cars and second only
to Richmond, Virginia, in the country. So im-
pressed was he with the possibilities of the city,
that he reported favorably to the General Elec-
tric Company, and with New York and Philadel-
phia capital he took over all the holdings of
the Public Works Company, being its general
manager and treasurer. Later, in 1905, when the
Bangor Railway & Electric Company was or-
ganized and took over all the railway and elec-
tric light and water departments of the old com-
pany, he became president and general manager.
So well was his work done that even while car-
rying a vast improvement enterprise, his com-
pany from pay-no dividend, earned and paid reg-
ularly its seven per cent, annually. So great
was the confidence of his fellow directors, that
whatever plan he proposed they were ready to
finance, almost without limit. In addition to
this great work, he instigated the building of the
Lewiston, Waterville & Augusta trolley line, a
section of territory that had never before had
electric traction facilities. He was instrumental
in taking over the syndicate of the Portland
Street Railway Company which became the Cum-
berland County Power & Light Company, with

-n

162

HISTORY OF MAIN]

several plants and a large business. He also
constructed the Fairfield & Shawmut Street Rail-
way. The Penobscot Central Railway from Ban-
gor to Charleston was taken over by his com-
pany, February i, 1907, rehabilitated, and brought
to a paying basis. The Hampden Street Rail-
way was acquired about this same time.

Besides his street railway improvements, Mr.
Graham was a director of the Merrill Trust
Company of Bangor, and of the Union Trust
Company of Ellsv/orth. He was president of the
Bangor Power Company, and of the Orono Water
Company, of the Bar Harbor & Union River
Power Company and of the Graham Realty
Company. Through this latter company he in-
stigated large improvements in the erection of
fine office and business buildings in his adopted
city. Indeed, he showed himself a public spirited
citizen in every way.

Mr. Graham was a Republican in politics, and
was a member of the Protestant Episcopal
church. He found much recreation in riding
behind a spirited horse. When he was the owner
of a stock farm in Kentucky, no blooded horses
had better records than his. He owned, at one
time, the famous stallion, "Constantine." He
took great interest in light harness racing, and
was one of the originators of the Readville Race
Track. For a number of years he fought ill
health and went twice to California in its interest.
In 1913 he visited the Azores, Italy and other
parts of Europe. All through his life Mr.
Graham was a great reader. He was fond of
Shakespeare's works, English History, the works
of Bryon and Goldthwaite.

Mr. Graham was twice married, his second
wife surviving him. He married (first) Mary
Elizabeth, daughter of James T. and Maria A.
(Brooks) Penniman, granddaughter of Stephen,
Jr., and Relief (Thayer) Penniman, and of
Thomas and Eliza (Thayer) Brooks, and a de-
scendant from James Penniman, who came from
England to Boston on the Lyon in 1631. There
were eleven children of whom the following sur-
vive: Robert; Clara, now Mrs. F. E. Jones, of
Quincy; John; Edith, now the widow of Walter
L. Sawtelle; Mary, now Mrs. Perley Barbour, of
Quincy; Annie, now Mrs. Elmer Ricker, of
Quincy; Harold, who is now a director of the
Graham Realty Company; Lester; Beatrice; and
Edward M., who has been connected with his
father in his Bangor interests.

Although never exploiting his charities, Mr.
Graham was a very generous giver. He was a
noble father, a devoted husband and a patriotic
citizen.

WILLIAM PHILIP BRENEMAN, one of the

successful business men, proprietor and manager
of the Auburn Brush Company, of Auburn,
Maine, is a son of Edward and Eliza M. (King)
Ereneman, his father having been a v.ell kr. jwm
and successful manufacturer of agricultural im-
plements.

William Philip Breneman was born April 6,
1871, at Dayton, Montgomery county, Ohio, and
it was at the public schools of his native re-
gion that he gained the general portion of his
education, and graduated at the Central High
School in the year 1890. In 1898 he came East,
entering the Bible Normal College of Springfield,
Massachusetts. From this institution he graduated
in 1900, and from that time to this has been ex-
tremely active in the eastern business world. He
had already had some business experience be-
fore coming to the East to take his course in
the Bible Normal College, having served as a
clerk in the Third National Bank of Dayton,
Ohio, and later as the cashier of the Central
Union Telephone Company at Dayton. After
completing his studies he also returned to the
West for a time and secured the post of secretary
and treasurer of the Charles A. P. Barrett Com-
pany, one of the large manufacturing concerns
of his native city, with which he remained fror.i
1901 to 1904. The Charles A. P. Barrett Com-
pany was engaged in the manufacture of paint
and v. ere jobbers and retailers of paints, v, ;'.ll
papers and allied commodities. In 1904 he came
once more to the East, and there became a mem-
1 er of tlie firm of T. A. Huston & Company,
manufacturing bakers and confectioners. He re-
mained in that firm for nearly ten years, but
eventually, in 1914, became proprietor and man-
ager of the Auburn Brush Company, which manu-
factures brushes, mops, etc., in Auburn. He has
been thus engaged since 1914, and has developed
a very large and still increasing business. He has
been a member of the Superintending School
Committee of Auburn for one term, the dudes in
connection with which he has discharged with the
most commendable zeal and intelligence. Mr.
Breneman has not engaged actively in political
life. He is a member of Tranquil Lodge, No.
29, Free and Accepted Masons, of Auburn, and
Bradford Chapter, No. 38, Royal Arch Masons, of
the same town. He is also a member of How-
ard Council, No. 161, Royal Arcanum. Since
early manhood Mr. Breneman has been a church
member, and after coming to Auburn he joined
the Court Street Baptist Church of that city.

William Philip Breneman married, June 14,
1900, at Auburn, Helen Reed Beede, a daughter

CaT^ r /<Ly^-evu2-^v^o^-a^

^^^ (71 ^<^e^^--^

BIOGRAPHICAL

163

of Joshua William and Abbie Maria (Reed)
Beede, old and highly respected residents of this
city. To Mr. and Mrs. Breneman the following
children have been born: LeRoy Beede, born
October 7, 1902; Lucy King, December 10,
1904; Marian Elizabeth, October 30, 1907, and
Sylvia Reed, September 10, 1912.

John Alfred Roberts was united in marriage,
August 24, 1881, at Norway, Maine, with Carrie
A. Pike, of this place, a daughter of Henry and
Sarah (Fobes) Pike. They are the parents of
one child, Thaddeus Blaine Roberts.

JOHN ALFRED ROBERTS, one of the pros-
perous and successful farmers of Norway, Maine,
where he has been engaged in agricultural opera-
tions for a number of years, is a son of John M.
and Mary (Potter) Roberts, old and highly re-
spected residents of Gardiner. The elder Mr.
Roberts was also a farmer, but made his home
in Gardiner, and it was in that place that John
Alfred Roberts was born, September 10, 1852.
Only three months afterwards, however, his par-
ents removed to Andover, Maine, and it was at
the latter place that he received his early edu-
cation, attending for this purpose the local com-
man schools. Later, having an ambition to be-
come a teacher, he entered the Oxford Normal
Institute at South Paris, Maine, and finally grad-
uated from that institution in 1873. He then ma-
triculated at Bowdoin College, and graduated
therefrom with the class of 1877, one of his class-
mates being R. E. Peary, the discoverer of the
North Pole. After completing his studies, Mr.
Roberts entered the profession that he had de-
cided upon as a youth, and became a teacher.
After a few years in this calling, however, Mr.
Roberts, who had inherited a strong taste for
agriculture and a rural life from his father, gave
up this profession and bought a farm at Norway,
Maine, which he has since been occupied in run-
ning. In this he has met with highly gratifying
success, his farm being regarded as one of the
model places in the neighborhood, and himself
as an authority on agricultural matters general-
ly. Mr. Roberts is a Republican in politics, and
was elected commissioner of agriculture for the
State of Maine, January i, 1913, for a two years'
term. So valuable was his service in this of-
fice, that in 1917 he was reelected to it and at
the present time is serving in this capacity. He
has done much to improve the condition of the
farms of the State, and to develop agricultural
resources generally. He is a member of Norway
Grange. In his religious belief Mr. Roberts is
a Universalist and attends the church of that de-
nomination at Norway. Mr. Roberts has served
in both Houses of the Maine Legislature, was
for four years overseer of Maine State Grange,
and twelve years trustee of the L^nivcrsity of
Maine.

SETH L. LARRABEE— One of the conspicu-
ous figures in the legal fraternity of Portland,
and bearing an honorable reputation throughout
the State of Maine, Seth L. Larrabee will not
soon be forgotten by the community of which
he was a prominent and respected member. He
was a lawyer who upheld the highest traditions
of the Maine bar, and as a citizen, nobly bore
his share of the burdens imposed by Republican
institutions.

Seth L. Larrabee was a representative of the
seventh generation of an old New England fam-
ily of Huguenot extraction, of whom the first
American ancestor of record was Stephen Larra-
bee, of Lynn, Massachusetts. Thomas Larrabee,
the son of this first of the name, was the
progenitor of a line of four Benjamin Larra-
bees. The second Benjamin Larrabee was born
in 1740, and was a patriot soldier in the strug-
gle with the mother country. "Massachusetts
Soldiers and Sailors in the War of the Revolu-
tion" contains the following record of him:
"Captain; engaged July I, I77S; service six
months, sixteen days, on sea coast in Cumber-
land county; also, official record of a ballot by
the House of Representatives, dated February 5,
1776; said Larrabee chosen second major. Col-
onel Jonathan Mitchell's (Second Cumberland
county) regiment of Massachusetts Militia; ap-
pointment concurred in by Council February 7,
1776; reported commissioned February 7, 1776."
Jordan L. Larrabee, the grandson of this patriot,
was the father of the Seth L. Larrabee of the
present biography. He was a prominent and re-
spected farmer of Scarboro, Maine, and served
tlie town for a number of years on the board of
selectman. He married Caroline F. Beals, and
their two children were: Albion W., and Seth
L., of the present biographical notice.

Seth L. Larrabee, son of Jordan L. and Caro-
line F. (Beals) Larrabee, was born in Scarboro,
Maine, January 22, 1855. Here in his Boyhood
he did farmwork on the old homestead of his
family, and went to the local schools, laying there
the foundations of the mental vigor and initiative
which later marked the man. His preparation
for college was done at Westbrook Seminary,
which course he finished in 1870. He matricu-
lated at Bowdoin in 1871, and received his de-
gree of Bachelor of Arts in 1875. He helped

164

HISTORY OF MAINE

himself through college by teaching several terms
in the public schools, and after his graduation
obtained a position to teach language in Barre,
Vermont, at Goddard Seminary. This work
lasted for a year, and after that he was ready to
enter upon the study of law, which he had deter-
mined to make his life work. In 1876 he en-
tered the office of Strout & Gage, in Portland,
and here read law for the two years of his prep-
aration for the bar. In October, 1878, he was
admitted to the bar of Cumberland county, and
immediately began the practice of his profession
in Portland, where he soon met with a gratify-
ing success, and counted among his clients some
of the most important men of the region. Here
he worked for thirty years, and became a recog-
nized force in that part of the State. The
"Bench and Bar of Maine" says of him in place:
"His commanding figure and masterly conduct
of cases have been well known in the Maine
courts. Mr. Larrabee is a Republican, and his
influence in political circles, his ability to win
and keep friends, and his social popularity have
combined to render him an important factor in
the party, to which he has rendered important
service."

In 1880 he was elected register of probate for
Cumberland county, filling the office for nine
years. He served the municipality as city so-
licitor in 1891, and was reelected for the office
in 1893. For two terms, 1895 and 1897, he rep-
resented his district in the State Legislature. It
is related that, "upon the assembling of the
body after his second election he was its sole
choice for the speakership, and was elected to
that office without a dissenting vote, and filled
it with dignity, ability, and a charm of personal
manner seldom equaled."

As a business man his character and ability
commended him to the public confidence and
many important trusts were placed in his hands.
He was for many years an active and influential
member of the Portland Board of Trade. He
was one of the promoters and organizers of the
Casco and of the Portland Loan & Building as-
sociations, in both of which he was a director,
treasurer and attorney. He was also an original
incorporator; trustee of and attorney for the
Casco Mercantile Trust Company; director of
and attorney for the Union Safe Deposit & Trust
Company; a president of the Portland & Yar-
mouth Electric Railway Company; one of the
founders of the Chapman National Bank, of
which he was president, trustee, and attorney.
He had the care of a number of important es-

tates, and in all his administrative work he
showed himself the possessor of a fine combina-
tion of conservatism and progressiveness. He
was a member of the Masonic order, and be-
longed to Atlantic Lodge, Free and Accepted
Masons, and was a member of Bramhall Lodge,
No. 3, Knights of Pythias. He served in the,
militia for two years as a captain of the First
Battery, of the National Guard of Maine. He
was a member of the Cumberland Club, and of a
number of other civic and social organizations.

Mr. Larrabee married, October 21, 1880, Lulu
B. Sturtevant, of Scarboro, who was born Feb-
ruary I, 1858, and was a daughter of Joseph and
Harriet N. (Bartels) Sturtevant. Their children
were: Sydney Bartels; and Leon Sturtevant.

WHITING LUTHER BUTLER— For several
years of his life State Senator Butler, of Farm-
ington, Maine, was engaged as an educator, fol-
lowing the example of his farmer father, Ben-
jamin Butler, a man of education, who taught in
Franklin county schools for sixty terms. The
Butlers of this branch of the Maine family came
from Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, where
a Nicholas Butler was living in 1662. There were
other Butler families in the early settlements on
the island, but no definite connection is traced
beyond Benjamin Butler, who died on the island
of Martha's Vineyard in 1821, at an advanced age.
He left a son, Benjamin (2) Butler, who is the
great-grandfather of Senator Whiting L. But-
ler, whose career is herein traced.

Benjamin (2) Butler was born at Martha's
Vineyard, in 1748, died in Avon, Maine, in Feb-
ruary, 1828. He removed to Farmington, Maine,
in 1790, and there owned land and followed the
carpenter's trade, erecting the first dwelling
houses along the river. In 1803 he had charge
of framing the Center meeting house, and con-
tracted the erection of the first bridge across the
river. It was opposite Center village and was
completed in 1808. He married, in 1769, Amy
Daggett, and had thirteen children, ten of whom
were born at Martha's Vineyard, and three in
Farmington. This branch descends through the
eighth child, Ralph.

Ralph Butler was born at Martha's Vineyard,
Massachusetts, September 27, 1782, died in
Phillips, Maine, June 6, 1868. He came with
his family to Farmington, and there resided until
1815, when he moved to Avon. He married,
November 10, 1806 (intentions published), Mary
Stevens. They were the parents of: William
O., Whiting, Lorenzo, Alonzo, Harrison, Ralph,

BIOGRAPHICAL

165

who was living at the age of one hundred and
one; Caroline, Mary, Benjamin (3), of further
mention; Alelinda, Emily, and Nancy.

Benjamin (3) Butler was born in Phillips,
Franklin county, Maine, March 10, 1828. He
obtained a good common school education and
then began teaching, continuing as a teacher in
Franklin county schools for sixty terms. But
the greater part of his life he was a farmer,
teaching only during the winter terms. He was
selectman in Avon many years, and in 1875 was
elected to the State Legislature on the Repub-
lican ticket. He married, in 1857, Susan H. Bad-
ger, born in Falmouth, Maine, in 1833, died
March 10, 1900. Children: William B., born
May 7, 1858, treasurer of the Phillips Hardware
Company; Whiting Luther, of further mention;
Ida M., residing in Strong, Maine, the wife of
Elisha Landers; Frank W., born October 4, 1864,
a lawyer of Farmington, married Alice E. Smith,
of Machias, Maine; Amosk K. ,a lawyer of Skow-
hegan, Maine; Ernest C, associated with his
brother in the practice of law in Skowhegan.

Whiting Luther Butler, second son of Ben-
jamin (3) and Susan H. (Badger) Butler, was
born April 12, i860, at Phillips, Franklin county,
Maine, a village situated on the Sandy river,
sixty miles north of Lewiston. There he at-
tended the public schools, was a student in West-
brook Seminary, and completed courses in Au-
gusta Business College. Following his own
school years he taught for twenty-two terms in
various schools, then spent four years learning
the blacksmith's trade. He did not long follow
that trade, however, but entered mercantile life
at Raiigeley, Maine, and has been associated with
G. L. Kempton and H. A. Furbish at Rangeley,
Maine, for twenty-iive years in the lumber and
sawmill business, under the name of the Kemp-
ton Lumber Company. While in the mercantile
business he became interested in the livery busi-
ness, and for seven years conducted a livery
under the name, P. Richardson Company. On
November i, 1906, he moved to Farmington,
Maine, where he is in the insurance business. Mr.
Butler is a Republican in politics, and has always
taken a deep interest in public affairs. He was
superintendent of schools for several years dur-
ing the fifteen years which he lived in Rangeley,
and was elected selectman for one term. In
Farmington he has been selectman si.x years,
and was elected representative to the State Legis-
lature in 1912. In 1916 he was elected State
Senator, and at the expiration of his term, in
1918, was reelected for another term. Senator

Butler is a member of the Masonic order, and
an attendant of the Congregational church.

Senator Butler married, in Wilton, Maine, De-
cember 31, 1891, Myrtell L. Vaughan, a daugh-
ter of Roscoe and Mary Vaughan. They are the
parents of a son, Glenn V. Butler, born July 24,
1901.

JOHN KNOWLEN was born in Sheridan,
Maine, May 4, 1872, a son of Roswell T. and
Maria (Metcalf) Knowlen, and one of fourteen
children who were brought up by them. His
father was a farmer, and the young John Know-
len went to the district schools of the neighbor-
hood and also those of Presque Isle. Later he
went to the State Normal School at Farmington,
and graduated in the class of 1899. After he had
tinished school he entered the profession of
teaching and has been occupied in this capacity
for twenty-five years. He settled in Westfield,
Maine, and here he made his home and carried
on his profession and at the same time operated
his farm.

Mr. Knowlen is a Republican in politics, and
for ten years he has served the board of select-
men. For six years he has been superintendent
of town schools, having served for ten years on
the school board. He is a charter member of
Westfield Lodge, of the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows ; past noble grand of Blaine Lodge,
Free and Accepted Masons. He is also a mem-
ber of the Grange, and is a Knight of the Macca-
bees. Mr. Knowlen's religious preferences are
for the Methodist Episcopal church, to which
denomination his father and mother before him
had belonged. His wife is an Adventist.

Mr. Knowlen married at Robinson, Maine, Au-
gust 14, 1902, Annie L. Nickerson, a daughter of
Charles and Balhsheba (Doherty) Nickerson,
both of whom were natives of New Brunswick, in
which region her father was a farmer. Mr. and
Mrs. Knowlen have one child, Harry Rudel, born
September 30, 191 1.

REV. WILLIAM FARRAND LIVINGSTON

• — A clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal
church for twenty-seven years. Rev. William Far-
rand Livingston is a son of a minister of the
Congregational church whose pastorates covered
a period of half a century, ten years of which
were passed in devoted service in the foreign
field. Rev. William Farrand Livingston, pater-
nally and maternally, is a descendant of Revolu-
tionary ancestors, his great-grandfather, Isaac
Livingston, serving nearly six years as a ser-

166

HISTORY OF MAINE

geant in the Eighth Connecticut Regiment, from
1777 to 1783. He is a descendant in the sixth
generation of General Israel Putnam, of Revolu-
tionary fame, and is the author of a history on
the life of General Putnam, published by G. P.
Putnam's Sons, of New York.

Rev. William Farrand Livingston is a grand-
son of Farrand Livingston, born in Washington,
Connecticut, November S, 1797, and died No-
vember 25, 1875. He engaged in farming and
also followed the carpenter's trade, and was a
member of the Congregational church. He mar-
ried Judith Elkins, born March 26, 1803, and died
l\Iarch 8, 1883. They were the parents of:
William Wallace, of whom further; Ralph Ann,
Ellen Eliza, Loudon Bard, Henry Farrand, and
George Adelbert.

Rev. William Wallace Livingston, son of Far-
rand and Judith (Elkins) Livingston, was born
at Potton, Province of Quebec, Canada, Decem-
ber 15, 1832, and died at Jaffrey, New Hampshire,
October II, 1910. He was a graduate of the
University of Vermont in the class of 1856, and
of Andover Theological Seminary, class of 1S59.
He went into the foreign field as a missionary
of the American Board, and for ten years, from.
i860 to 1870, worked at Sivas, Turkey in Asia,
where five of his six children were born. Re-
turning to the United States, he was pastor of
the Congregational church at North Carver, Mas-
sachusetts, from 1872 to 1878, in the latter year
entering upon his long and fruitful ministry at
Jaffrey, New Hampshire, where he filled the pul-
pit and a large place in the hearts of his fellows
until his death. He married (first) at Andover,
Massachusetts, May 17, i860, Martha Evarts
Tracy, born at Windsor, Vermont, November 9,
1837, died at North Carver, Massachusetts, Septem-
ber 19, 1874, daughter of Dr. Stephen and Alice
Hev.itt (Dana) Tracy; they were the parents of si.x
children, as follows: Alice, born March I, 1861;
\Villiam Farrand, of whom further; Stephen
Tracy, born December 29, 1864; Rebecca, born
September 10, 1867; Edward McCallum, born
August 14, 1869; Judith Leavenworth, born June
12, 1874, at Andover, Massachusetts. Rev. Wil-
liam W. Livingston married (second) at Peters-
boro. New Hampshire, November 3, 1880, Ermina
Cutter Campbell, daughter of Dr. William John-
son and Sarah Augusta (Cutter) Campbell.

Rev. William Farrand Livingston, son of Rev.
William Wallace and Martha Everts (Tracy) Liv-
ingston, was born in Sivas, Turkey in Asia, July 5,
1862. After graduation from Williams College,
in the class of 1884, he entered the Hartford

Theological Seminary, graduating in 1887, then
pursuing post-graduate studies in the Union
Theological Seminary, of New York, during 1889-
90. He was pastor of the Congregational Church
at Fryeburg, Maine, 1887-89, and at North Abing-
ton, Massachusetts, 1890-92. Ordained into the
ministry of the Protestant Episcopal church, he
was in charge of St. Matthias' church, at Rich-
mond, Maine, from 1892 to 1900. From 1892 to
1914 he was also in charge of St. Barnabas' church
at Augusta, Maine, and for the whole period from
1892 to the present time (1919) he has been rector
for the parish of St. Matthew's, at Hallowell,
Maine. From 1906 to 1918, he was secretary of
the Diocese of Maine. Mr. Livingston, from
1903 to 1918, served as assistant State librarian
of Maine. He is a member of the Maine Historical
Society, fraternizes with the Masonic order, be-
longing to lodge, chapter and council, and belongs
to the Zeta Psi Society, with which he became
affiliated during his college years.

Rev. William F. Livingston married, December
30, 1890, at Augusta, Maine, Margaret Vere Far-
rington, born at Fryeburg, Maine, May 22, 1863,
died in Boston, Massachusetts, August 29, 1914,
daughter of Colonel E. C. and Emma C. Farring-
ton. Children of William Farrand and Margaret
Vere (Farrington) Livingston: Robert Royce,
born in Augusta, Maine, December 29, 1893, died
there May 13, 1895; Margaret, born in Augusta,
Maine, April 28, 1896, educated in the Misses
Allen School for Girls, at West Newton, Massa-
chusetts, Miss Capen's School for Girls, at North-
ampton, Massachusetts, and the Bryant & Strat-
ton School, of Boston, Massachusetts.

GEORGE BRADFORD HAYWARD, one of

the most prominent men in Ashland, Maine,
though not a son of the soil, had been a resident
of that town since 1865. He had been identified
with many successful enterprises, one being in
partnership with his brother, Jarvis Hayward, of
Portage Lake. Together they carried on exten-
sive lumber operations for twelve years, and later
George B. Hayward continued in the business for
several years longer. In addition to this he was
largely interested in the manufacture of starch,
and conducted a flourishing dry goods and gro-
ceries store, as well as running a well stocked
farm. One of Mr. Hayward's particular hobbies
was a love of horses, and he kept an unusually
fine string of racing horses which he personally
supervised, though keeping a professional trainer
for that purpose. But though so occupied with
business Mr. Hayward found time to interest him-

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BIOGRAPHICAL

167

sell" in the affairs of the town, being a director
of the Presque Isle National Bank, and at one
time holding the position of town treasurer. It is
a well known fact that when ai:y pl:;ns fur tl'.e \vci-
fare of the town were projected, he was never
slow to help generously; while his purse was
ever open to the call of the poor and afflicted in
the community. He was one of the promoters of
the idea of a newspaper for Ashland, and person-
ally sent many copies of it to friends living at
distant points. He also had been an ardent worker
in the effort to secure the coming of the new
railroad to Ashland. Though Mr. Hayward was
distinctly a public-spirited man, and enjoyed the
respect of all his townspeople, he never took an
active part in politics, but was content to vote a
straight Republican ticket. While giving liber-
ally to all denominations, Mr. Hayward never be-
came a member of any church, though a regular
attendant of the Congregational church, and as a
mark of his interest in that particular body pre-
sented it with a bell.

George Bradford Hayward was born in the
town of Brighton, New Brunswick, May 28, 1848,
of good, sturdy ancestry, being the son of George
and Mary A. (Sewell) Hayward, the former
named a farmer in that section. He attended the
public schools in the district and received a
good fundamental education which fitted him for
his successful career in after life. He married
(first) . He married (second) in Ash-
land, December 24, 1894, Mrs. Frances A. Carter,
formerly Frances A. De Grasse, daughter of
James F. and Hannah (Seeley) De Grasse. She
had previously been the wife of Josiah H. Carter,
by whom she had one son, Charles A. Carter,
who married Hannah E. Gardiner. Mrs. Hay-
ward had no children by her second husband.

Several years ago Mr. Hayward built a hand-
some house for himself and wife where the latter
still lives, Mr. Hayward having died September
22, 1917. In his death the inhabitants of Ash-
land feel deeply the loss of one of its best citi-
zens, and a friend, loyal alike to rich and poor.
Though of a genial disposition, he was not allied
with any fraternal or secret order.

JOSIAH HENRY CARTER was born in Mon-
ticelo, Maine, January 27, 1844, died November
3, 1893. He was educated in the district schools,
and during his business career was a contracting
builder of Ashland, a man of great mechanical
ability, highly regarded for his upright, manly
character and life. He was a veteran of the Civil
War, serving with the Seventeenth Regiment,

Maine Volunteer Infantry, during the four years
that the war lasted. After the war, he settled in
Fort Fairfield, Maine, but later moved to Ash-
land, where his after life was spent. He was a
Republican in politics, a member of Ashland
Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; a member of
the Grand Army of the Republic; and a commu-
nicant of the Protestant Episcopal church. He
aided in all good works and did his full share in
the support of all forward movements in his
communit}^

Mr. Carter married ,in Fort Fairfield, Maine,
Frances A. De Grasse, daughter of James F.
and Hannah (Seeley) De Grasse, a descendant
of County De Grasse. Mr. and Mrs. Carter were
the parents of a son, Charles A. Carter, of fur-
ther mention. Mrs. Carter survived her husband,
and married (second) December 24, 1894, George
Bradford Hayward (q.v.), who died September
22, 1917. Mrs. Hayward continues her residence
in Ashland; her son, Charles A. Carter, makes
his home with her.

CHARLES A. CARTER, only child of Jo-
siah H. and Frances A. (De Grasse) Carter, was
born in Fort Fairfield, Maine, March 16, 1868.
He was educated in the public schools, and upon
reaching a suitable age learned the carpenter's
trade under his father's instruction. He was
associated with the latter as a contracting builder
for several years, then upon the death of the
senior partner succeeded him in the business. He
is well known and highly regarded in the busi-
ness world, and is at the head of a prosperous
concern. Mr. Carter is a Republican in politics,
and has served his town as school committee-
man for twelve years. He is a past master of
Pioneer Lodge, No. 72, Free and Accepted Ma-
sons, of Ashland; a companion of Aroostook
Chapter, No. 20, Royal Arch Masons; a sir knight
of St. Aldemar Commandery, No. 17, Knights
Templar, of Houlton; Kora Temple, Ancient Ara-
bic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Lewis-
ton, Maine; Eastern Star Lodge of Perfection;
fourteenth degree, Palestine Council, Princes of
Jerusalem; sixteenth degree, Bangor Chapter of
Rose Croix; eighteenth degree. Ancient Accepted
Scottish Rite, of Bangor; past patron, Tillicum
Chapter of Order of the Eastern Star, of
.■^.shland. He is a member of the Protestant Epis-
copal church and is interested in all good causes.

Charles A. Carter married, in Ashland, Maine,
January 20, 1891, Hannah Esther Gardiner, daugh-
ter of William Luther and Nancy M. (Coffin)
Gardiner. Mr. and Mrs. Carter are the parents of

HISTORY OF MAIXl

a son and daughter: Clyde Earl, born August 22,
1892, married Caroline Ann Madore, and has a
son, Roger Hayvvard Carter; Lucy V., in training
at the Presque Isle General Hospital.

ARTHUR RITCHIE— Descendant of Scotch
ancestry, his grandfather, Thomas Ritchie, a na-
tive of Scotland, Mr. Ritchie's line in its Ameri-
can residence has ever been associated with the
State of Maine, his birthplace and the scene of
his life's labors. Arthur Ritchie is a son of Elijah
C. Ritchie, a native of Winterport, Maine, in call-
ing a school teacher and farmer of that region.
Elijah C. Ritchie married Eunice M. Littlefield,
also born in Winterport, and they were the par-
ents of sixteen children, of whom Arthur Ritchie
is the youngest.

Arthur Ritchie was born in Monroe, Maine,
April 15, 1873, and after attending the public and
high schools of his birthplace entered the East
Maine Seminary at Bucksport, subsequently tak-
ing a course in Gray's Business College, of Port-
land. From the age of seventeen years to his
twenty-third year he taught school, acquiring
an interest in educational matters that has al-
ways remained strong and that has been a source
of valuable public service. He began the study
of law in the office of Ellery Bowden, of Winter-
port, continuing under the preceptorship of Gen-
eral C. P. Mattocks, of Portland, and the firm of
Thompson & Wardwell, of Belfast. He was ad-
mitted to the bar in 1896, and on February 3, 1897,
established in practice at Liberty, Maine. Here
he remained in professional work until November
12, 1903, when he opened an office in Belfast,
where he has since been a member of the legal
fraternity. Mr. Ritchie is a member of the
American Bar Association, and his connections
in Belfast are numerous, professional, social, fra-
ternal and educational. During 1903 and 1904 he
served as county attorney, elected to office as the
Republican candidate. For three years he was
superintendent of schools in Liberty, also serv-
ing on the school board, and for several years he
was chairman of the school board directing the
union schools of Belfast and Searsport. He served
for a time as president of the Waldo County
Teachers' Association. Mr. Ritchie is counsel for
the Waldo Trust Company, highly regarded in
his profession, and is widely known in this re-
gion. He is a member of the Belfast Board of
Trade, and fraternizes with the Independent Or-
der of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent and Protec-
tive Order of Elks, the Patrons of Husbandry, in
which he has been master of the local Grange,

and the Masonic order, in which he holds York
and Scottish Rites degrees, as well as belonging
to the Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mys-
tic Shrine. He is also a member of the Coun-
try Club, and is an attendant of the Unitarian
church.

Mr. Ritchie married, at Lewiston, Maine, July
22, 1907, Hattie Skillings, born in Lewiston, a
graduate of Bates College, daughter of James
Dunn Skillings, a native of Yarmouth, Maine, and
Laurinda (Stevens) Skillings, born in Embden,
Maine.

LOUIS C. HATCH was born in Bangor, Maine,
September i, 1872, the son of Silas Clinton and
Sarah Frances (Williams) Hatch. He received
his early education in the local schools of his
native town, and after completing his preparatory
training, he entered Bowdoin College, from which
he graduated in 1895. Four years later, in 1899,
he received the degree of Ph.D., from Harvard
University. Continuing his scholarly pursuits, he
remained in Cambridge, Massachusetts, doing
historical work until 1905, and since then Mr.
Hatch has lived in his native Bangor, of which
place he had always been a legal resident. In
1904 he published "The Administration of the
American Revolutionary Army," and in 1919 he
wrote a "History of Maine," published by the
American Historical Society, Inc., of New York
City. He has also written, but not published,
an elaborate history of the pension legislation
of the United States. Mr. Hatch is an indefatig-
able student along historical lines, painstaking as
a writer, and conservative in judgment. His
works are of permanent value.

EDWARD PARKHURST WASHBURN —

Born at Taunton, Massachusetts, May, 1859, Ed-
ward Parkhurst Washburn comes of old New
England stock, his forebears in a direct line hav-
ing been inerchants here for four generations
back. He is a son of Edward E. Washburn,
also born in Taunton, where he inherited from
his father and grandfather the furniture store
which has come to be so closely identified with
the Washburn name in this region. Edward E.
Washburn passed his entire life at Taunton, his
death occurring there in 1899. He was a suc-
sessful merchant. He married Mary A. Park-
hurst, of New Bedford, Massachusetts, who sur-
vives him, and still resides at the old Washburn
mansion in Taunton. They were the parents of
two sons, Edward Parkhurst, with whose career
we are here especially concerned, and Walter C,

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BIOGRAPHICAL

169

who is also engaged in the furniture business at
Taunton.

Edward Parkhurst Washburn attended the pub-
lic schools of Taunton for his education, and con-
tinued thus engaged until he had reached the age
of eighteen years. When only twelve, however,
he began, in addition to his studies, to work in
his father's store, the elder man believing that
he would better pick up the details of the busi-
ness in this manner than to wait until later. Ac-
cordingly he worked in this capacity for a number
of years, and remained with his father until he
had reached the age of twenty-seven. He then
secured a position in a store at Newport, Rhode
Island, where he continued for five years. Then he
was assistant manager of the Glenwood Furniture
Company for seventeen years at Taunton, Mas-
sachusetts. After this he was for a time at Salem,
and eventually came to Lewiston, Maine. In 1909
he purchased the business of Jack & Hartley Com-
pany in the B. Peck building and is sole owner
of the business at the present time. There is
placed with Mr. Washburn each year orders for
furniture amounting to seventy-two thousand dol-
lars, a volume of business which has caused the
company to increase the floor space, as well as
other facilities, to double its original extent. The
main floor has a capacity of twenty thousand feet,
and is the largest single show room in New
England. There are eighteen thousand square
feet on the fourth floor of the building, and here
is kept what is the largest furniture stock in
New England. He is a consulting designer and
furnisher for Jack & Hartley Co., besides giving
talks and lectures to various educational institutes
on this line, and furnishes homes v/ith all equip-
ment needed by them, and his skill and artistic
sense have had much to do with his successful
achievement.

In his youth, Mr. Washburn was an enthusi-
astic baseball player, and he still describes him-
self as a fan. Indeed for a time he was a semi-
professional and was one of the best known play-
ers in Massachusetts. Mr. Washburn, as a mat-
ter of fact, has always enjoyed outdoor life of
all kinds and the occupations associated there-
with. He has for a number of years been keenly
interested in pigeon breeding, and has gained
a great reputation as a fancier, and won many
blue ribbons at exhibitions held in the United
States. In his religious belief he is a Unitarian.

Edward Parkhurst Washburn married, June I,
1882, at Taunton, Massachusetts, Kate M. Jones,
a native of that place, daughter of Dr. E. U.
Jones, who holds one of the chairs of Boston

University, and is a well known writer and an
authority on all subjects connected with sanita-
tion. Mr. and Mrs. Washburn were the parents
of two children, twins, one of whom died in in-
fancy; the other, Marion W., became the wife
of William H. Miller, of Lewiston, and they are
the parents of two daughters, Susanne Wash-
burn and Jeanne Miller.

GRANVILLE M. HOPKINSON, son of Wil-
liam F. and Eunice (Decker) Hopkinson, was born
at Fort Hill, :Maine, April 2, 1862. His father was
an attorney-at-law and represented his district in
the State Legislature, and served also in several
of the town offices. He died when his son, Gran-
ville M., was an infant of two years old. The
father was a Republican in his politics, and his
son has followed in his steps.

Granville M. Hopkinson was educated in the
common schools and then went through the high
school, after which he entered upon agricultural
pursuits which he has continued all his life. He
is a member of the Odd Fellows, and of the
Grange, in the latter having served as treasurer.
He is a member of the religious society of
Friends.

He married at Presque Isle, September 15,
1885, Erniintine Johnston, born September 5,
1869, a daughter of Frank L. and Mary (Beet-
sill) Johnston. Their children are: Alice Fern,
born November 4, 1886; Granville Mellen, born
February 7, 1888; Grace, born March 23, 1889,
died February 13, 1891; Earl Decker, born Febru-
ary 3, 1891, enlisted in the World War, October
3, 1917; Amy Eunice, born February 19, 1893; Le-
verse Blanche, born September 20, 1894; Stanley
Fry, born February 26, 1895; Willena May, born
June II, 1896; Harold Henry, born October 3,

EUGENE 1. HERRICK— From the age of

seven years Eugene I. Herrick lived in Range-
ley, Maine, becoming one of the best known
and most prominent business men of that village
and of Franklin county, in which it is situated.
He took an active, hearty part in all that inter-
ested his neighbors, and was one with them in
their joys and sorrows, their success and failures,
a sympathetic, kindly friend in whose fidelity all
could with safety confide. When the time came
to render the last honors to their friend all busi-
ness houses in Rangeley were closed, and his
brethren of the Knights of Pythias escorted their
fallen comrade from the church to the village
cemetery, where his brethren of the Masonic

170

HISTORY OF MAIN;

order laid him at rest according to the beautiful
Masonic burial ritual.

The tradition of the very ancient family of
Herrick claim their descent from Erick, a Dan-
ish chief, who invaded Britain during the reign
of Alfred, and having been vanquished by that
Prince was compelled with his followers to re-
people the wasted district of East Europe, the
government of which he held as a fief to the
English crown. He is recognized in history as
"Ericke, King of those Danes who hold the Coun-
tries of East Angle." The Norman invasion found
this name represented as Eric, the Forester, who
resided in Leicestershire and possessed exten-
sive domains along the sources of the Severn and
on the borders of Wales. Eric raised an army
to repel the invaders, and in the subsequent ef-
forts of the English Earl and Princes to dis-
possess the Normans of their recent conquest,
and to drive them out of the country, he bore
a prominent and conspicuous part. He shared in
the unfortunate issue of all these patriotic efforts,
and his followers and allies were stripped of their
estates. The sources of his own power were dried
up, and, being no longer in a condition formid-
able to the new government, Eric was taken into
favor by William, entrusted with important of-
fices about his person and in the command of his
armies, and in his old age was permitted to re-
tire to his house in Leicestershire, where he
closed a stormy and eventful life.

Of the twelfth generation in descent from Eric,
the Forester, was Sir William Herrick, of Beau
Manor Park, member of Parliament from 1601
to 1630, knighted in 1605, who "was a successful
courtier and politician from 1575, when he first
attached himself to the court of Queen Eliza-
beth, by whom he was commissioned on an im-
portant embassy to the Ottoman Porte, and
as a reward for his singular diplomatic success
with the hitherto intractable Turk, he was ap-
pointed to a lucrative situation in the Exche-
quer which he held through the remainder of this
and the following reign of James." His fifth son
was Henry, who in all likelihood was the founder
of the Herrick line of New England after his
marriage to Editha, daughter of Hugh Laskia, of
Salem, who bore him eight children.

The line of Eugene L Herrick, of Rangeley,
Maine, is through Joseph Herrick, "a man of
great firmness and dignity of character," who,
"in addition to the care and management of his
large farm was engaged in foreign commerce.
As he bore the title of governor he had probably
been at some time in command of a military post

or district, or perhaps of a West India colony.
His descendants are numerous, and have occu-
pied distinguished stations, often exhibiting a
transmitted military stamp. Joseph Herrick was
in the Naragansett fight." His first wife was
Sarah, daughter of Richard Leach, whom he mar-
ried in 1666-67; his second, Mary Endicott. His
son, Joseph (2) Herrick, eldest child of his first
marriage, had a son, Benjamin Herrick, through
whom the line continued to Benjamin (2) Her-
rick. Benjamin (2) Herrick married Mary Rich-
ardson, and their son, Howard Herrick, who set-
tled in Franklin county, Maine, married Eliza-
beth Richardson. Benjamin (3) Herrick, son of
Howard and Elizabeth (Richardson) Herrick, was
for twenty-three years selectman of the town of
Fairbanks, Maine, and for one term served his
district in the State Legislature. He married
Sarah Keizer, of Waldoborough, Lincoln county,
Maine.

Jolin Fairfield Herrick was the son of Benja-
min (3) and Sarah (Keizer) Herrick, and father
of Eugene Ira Herrick, of this record. He was a
stone mason of the town of Rangeley, and was
a man prominent in town affairs. He gave his
allegiance to the Democratic party in politics,
and served his townsmen as a member of the
board of selectmen. He married Abbie, daugh-
ter of Silas and Elmira Spaulding, who bore him
two children.

Eugene Ira Herrick, son of John Fairfield and
and Abbie (Spaulding) Herrick, was born in New
Vineyard, Maine, July 6, 1863, and died in
Rangeley, Maine, October 9, 1917. As a lad of
seven years he began his life connection with the
town of Rangeley, and in that vicinity he ac-
quired his general and business education, gradu-
ating in 1884 from the Rockland Business College.
When a young man, Mr. Herrick passed several
winters in the lumber camps of Maine, there gain-
ing an experience extremely valuable to him
when he engaged in lumber operations in later
life. From 1897 to 1899 he was treasurer of the
Rangeley Mercantile Company, in the latter year
forsaking the general merchandise field for lum-
ber operating and fire insurance dealings. In 1907
he bought out the interest of Mr. Neal in the firm
of Neal, Oakcs & Quimby, purchasing the entire
business in 1912. Disposing of this holding in
the following year he entered the firm of Fur-
bush & Herrick, under which name he was active
in the large insurance dealings of Franklin county.
Mr. Herrick's business life was an open book,
marked only by energetic prosecution of the
proposition in Iiand, and a scrupluous regard for

Uj^^^jjuul^cJ. /&.IAAAXA

BIOGRAPHICAL

171

the reputation of his home. His abilities were
called upon in the public service on numerous
occasions, and from the time of the erection of
the Rangeley Village Corporation until his death
he filled the offices of either clerk or treasurer,
besides which he was for twelve years a member
of the board of selectmen, six years as chairman.
Always an ardent supporter of Democratic prin-
ciples, that party called him to membership on
the Democratic State Committee as the repre-
sentative of Franklin county, and in the ses-
sions of 1915-16 he sat in the State Senate, the
first member of his party to fill the Franklin
county seat in sixty years. The other local or-
ganizations in which he was most concerned
were the Round Pond Improvement Company, of
which he was a director and clerk; the Frank-
lin County Land Company, in which he filled
the same office in addition to that of treasurer;
and the Rangeley Trust Company, on whose di-
rectorate he served. While Mr. Merrick lived
close to his many friends in the county and State,
those who knew him in his fraternal orders felt
the kindness of his nature, the warmth of his true
hearted friendliness. In the Masonic order he
was a past master of Blue Mountain Lodge, Free
and Accepted Masons, of Phillips; master of Kem-
ankeag Lodge of Rangeley; a companion of
Franklin Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; a mem-
ber of Jephthah Council Royal and Select Mas-
ters; and a sir knight of Pilgrim Commandery,
Knights Templar, of Farmington. He was a
thirty-second degree Mason. He was also the
first chancellor commander of Oquossoc Lodge,
Knights of Pythias; and a member of the Patrons
of Husbandry. He was an attendant, with his
family, of the Baptist church.

Eugene Ira Herrick married, November 16,
1892, Alice H. Huntoon, of Rangeley, daughter of
John and Mehitable (Ross) Huntoon, and they
were the parents of two sons, Howard and Rich-
ard Herrick.

ORLAND EPHRAIM FROST— The position
held in manufacturing lines by Mr. Frost is one
that is due entirely to his personal efforts — to
his tireless devotion to the affairs of increasing
importance with which he has been associated.
At the present time (1919) he is owner of the
business of Mathews Brothers, a firm with which
he was first connected as superintendent, and he
is also president of the Waldo Trust Company,
of Belfast, with other large and important inter-
ests. Mr. Frost is a son of Jacob L. and Sarah
(Doe) Frost, his father a carpenter of St. Al-
bans, where his life was passed.

Orland E. Frost was born in St. Albans, Som-
erset county, Maine, December 14, 1864, and after
attending the public schools became a student in
the Maine Central Institute, at Pittsfield. He fin-
ished his studies in Hinman's Business Col-
lege, of Worcester, Massachusetts, and at the
age of sixteen years he entered the employ of
the firm of Rice & Griffin, his term of service
with them covering a period of fifteen years.
Their line was the manufacture of sash and doors
and during the last two years of his employ-
ment Mr. Frost was assistant superintendent of
the plant, where one hundred and fifty men
were employed. His next position was as travel-
ing salesman for the Seldon Cypress Door Com-
pany, and for one and one-half years he was in
this employ, being entrusted with special duties
in systematizing and reorganizing the produc-
tion and field work of the company, which was
located at Palatka, Florida. His connection with
the business of Mathews Brothers began July 26,
1898, as superintendent, and as opportunity of-
fered he acquired additional holdings in the
company until he is now sole owner, with only
one share of the company's stock outstanding.
The company formerly manufactured doors, sash,
and blinds, while the present operations are in
the making of box shocks and caskets and in
ship-building. The Waldo Trust Company, of
which he is president, is Mr. Frost's chief inter-
est outside his private enterprise, and he is also
a trustee of the Belfast Savings Bank.

Mr. Frost, a Republican in political faith, is
deeply interested in public affairs as concerning
the city and State, and during the war, particu-
larly in regard to his ship-building activity, patri-
otically and constantly supported the govern-
ment. He supported the government financial
campaigns with his means and influence and in
every way realized the obligations of good citi-
zenship, meeting the special demands made upon
the heads of financial institutions with ready re-
sponse. Mr. Frost holds the thirty-second de-
gree in the Masonic order, and also belongs to
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. With his
family he is a member of the Baptist church.

Mr. Frost married (first) in March, 1885, Idella
F. }iIerrow, of Hartland, Maine, who died in 1888.
They were the parents of one daughter, Ethola,
teacher of musical history in Meredith College,
North Carolina. He married (second) in Au-
gust, 1896, Anna Tucker, born in London, Eng-
land, daughter of William and Isabella (Whitley)
Tucker, and they have the following children:
Myrtle, a graduate of Whcaton College, class of
1918; and Katherine, a student in high school.

172

HISTORY OF ]MAIXE

PHILO H. REED— At the age of eighteen
years Philo H. Reed came to Aroostook county,
Maine, and began farming with his father. Ten
years later, with a capital of $i,ooo, he began an
independent business as a farmer and potato buyer,
raising and selling seed potatoes and selling agri-
cultural machinery. That was in 1890, and the
years which have since elapsed, twenty-nine, have
brought him abundant success from a financial
standpoint as well as high reputation as Maine's
largest potato shipper. Potato houses all over
Aroostook county form part of his investment,
and he is a well known specialist in seed potatoes
which are particularly selected to thrive and pro-
duce under Aroostook county soil and climate
conditions. In 1907 he built a handsome resi-
dence in Fort Fairfield, and there he has since
made his home. He is a son of Webster and
Electa (Spaulding) Reed, who at the time of the
birth of their son, Philo, were living at Madison,
Somerset county, Maine, on the Kennebec river.
Later the family moved to Aroostook county,
forty-two miles north of Houlton.

Philo H. Reed was born in Madison, Maine,
January II, 1862, and there was educated in the
grade and high schools. His youth was spent on
the home farm in Somerset county, and after
1880 on the farm in Fort Fairfield, Aroostook
county. There he was associated with his
father in farming operations until 1890, except
for one season which he spent in the West. In
1890 he married and settled on his own farm,
there remaining four years, then sold and bought
again, finally owning a productive farm of three
hundred acres. He specialized in potato grow-
ing, and in addition to raising high quality seed
potatoes he bought as heavily as his means would
allow. As he became thoroughly familiar with
the business and fully aware of its possibilities
he expanded and reached out for more business.
The largest individual shipper of seed potatoes
in New England is his title; in 1918 he sent to
market one thousand loaded cars. These potatoes
are gathered and stored in houses built for the
purpose at different points along the railroads
of Aroostook county, and then sent to such mar-
kets and at such times as Mr. Reed decides. He
is also in the automobile business, and in 1917
built the best and most up-to-date garage in
Maine. At his farm he has a string of good
horses which are his delight. He and his sons
produced from their own farms of three hundred
and twenty acres, eighty-one thousand bushels of
potatoes in 1918, which was a satisfactory busi-
ness in itself without considering the vast quan-
tity he buys and ships.

Mr. Reed was one of the organizers of the
Frontier Trust Company of Fort Fairfield, of
which he is vice-president and director. He is
also vice-president of the Fort Fairfield Hotel
Company. He is a Republican in politics. He
married, in Fort Fairfield, Jvlaine, in April, 1890,
Myra Louise Foster, daughter of Lincoln and

Z (Bishop) Foster. They are the parents

of the following children: George W., Elizabeth
Louise, Walter Manley, Clara, Ralph, Gertrude,
Hazel, and Clarence.

ALBION P. TOPLIFF, M.D.— Son of a tal-
ented physician, it was in the field of medicine
that Albion P. Topliff found the opportunity for
the lofty service that enriched his life and en-
deared him to his fellowmen. For more than
twenty-five years he practiced his profession in
Woodfords, now a part of the city of Portland,
and he filled the many relations into which the
physician, as no other, is permitted to come with
unswerving fidelity to the highest ideals of his
calling and with a sympathy and kindliness un-
limited. Men and women found in him a skilled
doctor for their physical ailments, a ready listener
and wise counselor when troubles were of the
mind and heart, and a faithful, loyal friend when
there was need for a word of cheer and a
sharer of burdens. It is fifteen years since he was
called from his place, yet among those who knew
him there lingers strong the memory of his gentle
spirit and the inspiration of his life, lived in the
love and approbation of all men.

Albion P. Topliff was a son of Dr. Calvin Top-
liff, who was a descendant of an old English fam-
ily of Lincolnshire, England, born in Hanover,
New Hampshire. After preliminary education
Calvin Topliff entered Dartmouth College, situ-
ated in his town, and received the degree of M.D.
from the medical department of this institution.
He established in practice in Freedom, Carroll
county. New Hampshire, and was there active in
his profession for forty years, also serving for
years on Freedom's school board. He was past
master of Freedom Lodge, Free and Accepted
Masons, and when a chapter of this body was
organized in Freedom it was named in honor of
his life and eminent service, Calvin Topliff Chap-
ter, Royal Arch Masons. His death occurred in
1867. Dr. Calvin Topliff married Ann Andrews,
daughter of John A. Andrews, of Freedom, and
they were the parents of: Jane, Ruth, Rose,
Frank, Orestes, and Albion P., of whom further.

Albion P. Topliff was born in Freedom, New
Hampshire, March 14, 1843, died in Portland,
Maine, May 8, 1904. After attendance in the

P^^rr?^^.^

Albion p. Snplifif. M.B.

BIOGRAPHICAL

173

public schools he prepared for college at the
Masonic Institute, maintained by the Masonic order
at Effingham, New Hampshire. Between this
period and his course at Dartmouth College, his
father's alma mater, whence he was graduated, class
of 1867, he studied medicine under the preceptor-
ship of Dr. Topliff, continuing with his father
until the latter's death soon afterward. Then he
continued study at Bellevue Hospital, New York,
after receiving his degree, beginning practice in
Freedom, New Hampshire, where he was widely
known and where his father had served so long
and faithfully. Until 1871 he was in practice in
Freedom, during this period finishing a post-
graduate course in medicine and surgery, and
from 1871 to 1878 followed his profession in Gor-
ham, Maine, then coming to Woodfords, where
his after life was spent. He was a member of the
Academy of Medicine, the Cumberland Medical
and the Maine State Medical societies, taking
part in the gatherings and deliberations of all.
He was a physician of learning and ability, a tire-
less student in everything of progress in his pro-
fession, and was recognized by his associates in
medicine, as an ornament to his profession. Like
his father, in many channels of his life, he again
followed him in his public service, confining his
office-holding to work on the school boards of
his different places of residence. He belonged to
Woodfords Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons;
Greenleaf Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and Port-
land Commandery, Knights Templar. He was a
communicant of the Episcopal church.

Dr. Albion P. Topliff married, December 9,
1875, Caroline B. Adams, daughter of James and
Anne M. (Agry) Adams, of Maine. James Adams
filled prominent positions at the Maine bar, prac-
ticing in partnership with Judge Tenney, of
Norridgewock, Maine. Children of James and
Anne M. (Agry) Adams: Elizabeth, who died,
aged twenty-five years; Walter C, who died aged
fifty-one years; and Caroline B., of previous men-
tion, widow of Dr. Albion P. Topliff, residing in
Portland. Children of Dr. Albion P. and Caroline
B. (Adams) Topliff: i. Annie T., married Harry
L. Whitcher, and has children: Marguerite T.
and Robert. 2. Florence A., married James G.
Wallace. 3. Philip, a teacher of stenography,
married Irene Surrage, of Rochester, New York.

himself and to the town where he resides. He
Vi'as born in Pembroke, Maine, October 20, 1879,
the son of James and Margaret McFaul. He re-
ceived his early training in the schools of that
place, graduating from the Pembroke High
School when nineteen years old. His first employ-
ment was in 1899, as timekeeper with the New
England Telegraph & Telephone Company. Hav-
ing filled this position in a satisfactory manner,
he was appointed manager of the company's ex-
change in Dover-Foxcroft. From there he was
transferred to Bar Harbor as manager. Having
gained considerable experience during this time,
he later became general manager of the Eastern
Telegraph & Telephone Company, with headquar-
ters in Calais, a busy, thriving city in Washing-
ton county. Here Mr. McFaul made his home,
identifying himself with the leading enterprises
of the town, both charitable and social, occupy-
ing several highly honorable positions. He was
chosen president of the Washington County
Light & Power Company, then treasurer of the
Citizen's Gas Company of Calais, and later be-
came treasurer of the Washington County Lum-
ber Company, this last opening up opportunities
to become interested in the purchase of timber
lands, and eventually he became owner of valu-
able properties in the lumber section of the
State. Mr. McFaul is one of the directors of the
International Trust & Banking Company of Cal-
ais. In addition to this he is a director of the
First National Bank of Bar Harbor.

Though a Republican in politics, Mr. McFaul
has never been an active v.'orker in the party,
nor has he ever sought to hold any public office
in either town or State. The only fraternal order
with which he is connected is the Royal Arcanum;
but that he finds pleasure in the society of his
fellowman is evidenced by the fact that he is a
member of several clubs, one, the St. Croix, of
Calais, of which he is a director, and in Bar Har-
bor he holds membership in the Sixty Three Club.
He is greatly interested in the Calais Hospital,
being one of the board of trustees.

Mr. McFaul married, in Boston, February 5,
191 5, Blanche Harriman, daughter of William
H. and Hannah Harriman. They have no chil-
dren.

JOHN C. McFAUL — Among the business men
of Calais, Maine, and of Bar Harbor, none occu-
pies a more prominent place than John C. Mc-
Faul. It has been his good fortune to hold
many positions of trust, always with credit to

HORACE FRANK FARNHAM, eleventh in
line of ancestry since the landing of Ralph Farri-
ham in 1635, was born in Augusta, Maine, Au-
gust 31, 1S51, and died in Portland, January 6,
1013. He was the eldest son of Joseph and Mar-
tha C. (Starkey) Farnham, both of Maine par-

174

HISTORY OF MAINE

cntp-gc, his father being for many years a mer-
chant of Augusta.

The Farnhams are of English descent, the name
derived from two words, farn, the German for
fern, and ham, Anglo-Saxon for home; hence
Farnhams were a race whose homes were among
the ferns, and came from Surrey county, Eng-
Ind, where, about twenty miles from London, in
the town of Farnham, where one of England's
oldest and most historical castles may be found.
Lord Farnham was a prominent figure in the
history of England during the war with France.
Ralph Farnham sailed, with his wife Alice, from
Southampton, April 6, 1635, in Ihc brig Jaiiirs,
and after a voyage of fifty-eight days, landed in
Boston, June 3. From their two sons, Ralph and
Daniel, all Maine Farnhams descended. The
Farnhams were brave, grand soliers, and fought
for their country in both the Revolution and the
War of 1812, as well as the Civil War. Tall,
muscular, fair-haired, blue-eyed, intelligent, apt
and active, they have been ever proved charac-
teristic of their motto on the Farnham coat-of-

which translated reads: "Inclined to swear in the
words of no master." When Edward VII, then
Prince of Wales, was in Boston, he met Ralph
Farnham, who was one of the American oflicers
present at General Burgoyne's surrender, and the
last survivor of the battle of Bunker Hill. "It
was interesting," said one of the Prince's friends,
"to witness a veteran of the Revolution, one hun-
dred and five years old, shaking hands with a
Prince whose great-great-great-grandfather was
on the throne of England when he was born, and
whose great-grandfather, George III, he had con-
tended against during the Revolution."
. Horace Frank Farnham passed his boyhood
and early life in Augusta, and after completing
course in the grammar school, decided to learn
the glazing trade rather than receive a college
education which his father offered him. He re-
mained in Augusta until 1872, when he became
of age, married and located in Chicago, Illinois,
where he was employed as shipping clerk by Goss
& Phillips. He remained with them until 1874
when he returned to Maine, settling in Portland
and entering business with his brother, Charles,
under the name of Carleton & Farnham, in the
doors, sash and blind business. Later this was
changed to H. F. Farnham & Company, with the
addition of importing glass, and in 1909 the busi-
ness was incorporated as the H. F. Farnham
Company, with Mr. Farnham as president, a short
time after which his health forbid active serv-

ice. He was devoted to his business, 5 A. M
often witnessing his arirval at his office where
lie had driven from his home in the Deering dis-
trict, followed by the finest pair of pointers in
the country. Possessing both foresight in buy-
ing and unusual ability in selling, he established
and built up a large and successful business
which after more than forty years of exacting
labor falls into other hands; but a flourishing
business remains, the result of his able manage-
ment and untiring industry. His training was
not secured through the regular educational in-
stitutions, but he was what we used to call a
self-made man, entering the business world while
still a boy and developing in the midst of un-
remitting toil. But his interests were keen and
broad and by no means confined to the limited
sphere of daily work. He loved the open and
was a true sportsman in the best sense of the
word. From the time of "ice going out" through
the partridge and wood-cock season, and later
big game hunting in the Northern woods, he was
happy with rod, shot-gun and dogs, or rifle, when-
ever business or family cares would allow. He
was also an able correspondent and for some
years connected with the Lewiston Journal, writ-
ing under the name of "Songo." In a letter
dated October 29, 1898, F. L. Dingley, treasurer
of the Lewiston Journal Company, writes: "I
wish you had not been such a success in the door,
sash and blind business, because if you had not
been I should have selected you as one of the
best newspaper men in Maine. It was like a
breeze from the lakes and the forest, and the
wildwood in June, to get your esteemed letter
on Saturday. I only wish the mood would strike
you oftener." He enjoyed the higher things of
art and literature, and his love for the beautiful
joined with his love for the useful to make a
well-rounded character. Mr. Farnham was a
member of all Masonic bodies, includitig the
thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite. When
he could no longer physically meet the every-
day demands of business life, many words of regret
and sympathy were spoken, and he is remembered
in the business district with respect and affection.
His connection v/ith the New England Fair as
manager of Rigby Park made his name a famil-
iar one all over New England, erect, vigorous and
handsome, he looked a natural leader, and such
he proved himself to be. And he was more than
the organizer of the great fair, he was always
the courteous friend of everybody, the one man
who never lost his head. In fact he did every-
thing except make speeches, and he never wil-

BIOGRAPHICAL

175

lingly got into the limelight himself, but helped
many to find themselves there. And now that he
has gone to take his place with the "other liv-
ing we call the dead," his record among honored
sons of the "Pine Tree State" stands with those
men of special gifts and great executive ability.

Horace Frank Farnham was twice married, hav-
ing by his first wife four daughters: Florence
Carleton, Lenore Butler, Sarah Thayer, and
Maude May. In 1896 he married (second) Kate
Wheelock Ripley, of Portland, Maine, who sur-
vives him. Six children were born to them:
Ralph Newhall, who died in infancy; Frank, John
Ripley, Katharine, Edward, and Albert Newhall,
now living with their mother at Brighton avenue,
Portland, in the beautiful house erected by Mr.
Farnham.

The last years of his life were years of lessen-
ing powers and inactivity, which to a man of his
temperament were particularly hard to bear, and
yet there was little complaint. He bore his suf-
fering with an indomitable spirit, and those about
him never ceased to wonder at the brave heart
of the man. There was no ostentatious cour-
age, it was the quiet, cheerful resignation of the
man who meets life unflinchingly and yet mod-
estly. His whole career may best be charac-
terized by the term, faithfulness. He was faith-
ful to life's nearest duties, faithful to the demands
of his work and home. And to such retiring
loyalty must go forth our sincerest praise.

FRANKLIN ROMANZO REDLON — As

president of the N. E. Redlon Company, Mr.
Redlon is identified with the oldest contracting
company in the city of Portland. He is a gradu-
ate of Portland schools, interested in her business
and financial enterprises, member of fraternal and
social organizations, incumbent, now and in the
past, of public office, and in every way measures
up to the high standard of citizenship that has
made Portland the thriving, progressive city it is.
Mr. Redlon is a son of Nathan Elden Redlon,
born in Buxton, Maine, in 1832, founder, in 1866,
of the present contracting firm of N. E. Redlon
Company. Nathan Elden Redlon was for seve-
ral years a member of the Portland Board of Al-
dermen, and in 1879 and 1880 represented his
district in the State Legislature. His wife was
Alcadania (Cushing) Redlon, daughter of Dr.
John Cushing, of Lisbon Falls, Maine.

Franklin Romanzo Redlon was born in Gor-
ham, Maine, June 17, 1857, and after attendance
at the public schools, including one year in the
high school, he entered Gray's Business College,

whence he was graduated. As a youth he learned
the mason's trade, beginning at the age of six-
teen years with the firm of Knight, Green &
Company, of which his father was a member.
In 1880 he was admitted to his father's firm and
since that time has been actively engaged in gen-
eral contracting, at the present time headmg the
N. E. Redlon Company as president. In addi-
tion to his private interests, Mr. Redlon serves
the Casco Mercantile Trust Company, of Port-
land, as director, as well as the Casco and Port-
land Building and Loan associations.

Mr. Redlon has been a member of the Board
of Aldermen of the city of Deering, and during
the sessions of 1908-1910, represented his dis-
trict in the State Legislature, in this, as in busi-
ness, following in the path of his honored father.
He is a member of the Park Commission of the
city of Portland, giving to this office the diligent
service that has characterized his occupancy of
all positions of public trust and responsibility.
For several years he was a member of the Port-
land Light Infantry, although he saw no active
service with this organization.

Mr. Redlon is a member of the Portland Club,
an ex-president of the board of governors, and is
a communicant of the Episcopal church. His fra-
ternal orders are the Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks, the Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, and the Masonic, in which his affili-
ations are as follows: past master of Ancient
Landmark Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons;
past high priest of Greenleaf Chapter, Royal Arch
Masons; past thrice illustrious master of Portland
Council, Royal and Select Masters; past com-
mander of St. Albans Commandery, Knights
Templar; past grand high priest of the Grand
Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, of the State of
Maine; past grand commander of the Grand Com-
mandery, Knights Templar of the State of
Maine. Mr. Redlon is an ex-president of the
Builders' Exchange and of the Maine Charitable
Mechanics' Association.

Mr. Redlon married, at Portland, Maine, Au-
gust 24, 1880, Jennie E. Hennigar, of Kennet-
cook, Nova Scotia, daughter of John A. and Le-
titia (Densmore) Hennigar, her father a farmer
of tliat place, and they are the parents of: i. Na-
than, born March 29, 1883, a graduate of Dart-
mouth College, class of 1906; treasurer and gen-
eral manager of the N. E. Redlon Company; pres-
ent adjutant of the Third Regiment, National
Guard of Maine, serving with the rank of captain
on the staff of Governor Milliken; married
Blanche Goding, and has two children: Frank-

176

HISTORY OF MAINE

lin Coding, born October 24, 1912, and Nathan
Carroll, Jr., born May i, 1917. 2. Lena Fran-
ces, born March 5, 1888; attended Wayneflete
School, Portland, and Burnham School, at North-
ampton, Massachusetts, now (iQip) serving with
the American Expeditionary Forces in France, in
charge of the Young Men's Christian Associa-
tion canteen at Tours.

ALFRED KING, M.D.— The history of the
branch of the King family herein set forth, of
which the professional record of Dr. Alfred King
is a brilliant part, traces to the earliest period
of American Colonial history, to John King, who
settled prior to 1640 in that part of the town
of Weymouth, Massachusetts, still known as
King's Cove, where he was on record as "sea-
man," "Planter" and "goodman." He was of
English birth and parentage, and came to New
England with John Humphrey, deputy governor
of the Alassachusetts Colony.

(H)Descent from him is followed through
Philip King, known as Captain Philip King, of
Taunton, Massachusetts, a man of influence in the
community as proved by his impressive funeral
with military honors. Captain Philip King won
the friendship of the neighboring Indians to such
a degree that he and his family were never mo-
lested thereby. He married, "about 1680, Juditk,
daughter of John Whitman, of Milton, Massa-
chusetts," and they were the parents of seven
children, among them John, of whom further.

(III) John King, son of Captain Philip and
Judith (Whitman) King, was born in Taunton,
Massachusetts, in 1681, and died, according to his
graveyard inscription, in 1741, "in his 6oth year."
Like his father, he was friendly with the In-
dians, doing humanitarian work among them and
educating two, Campbell and Occeun, at his
own expense, to become missionaries among
their people. He married, about 1700, Alice Dean,
of a well known Taunton family, and they had
thirteen children, one of them, Benjamin, of
whom further.

(IV) Benjamin King, son of John and Alice
(Dean) King, was born in Taunton, Massachu-
setts, and died in 1803, aged eighty-five years. He
was representative from Raynham to the General
Court of Massachusetts in 1774, was a delegate to
the Provincial Congress, and was possessed of
a large estate bordering on the river. His first
wife was Abiah, daughter of Deacon Samuel
Leonard, his second. Deliverance Eddy, and his
third, Widow Cobb. There were six children of
his first marriage, one of them George, of whom
further.

(V) George King, son of Benjamin and Abiah
(Leonard) King, was born in Raynham, Massa-
chusetts, November 27, 1744. He is described as
a "powerful, athletic man, with a courageous
and patriotic spirit." He served in the Revolu-
tionary War for a year or more under General
Washington, at Roxbury and other places. He
was orderly sergeant and clerk of the Raynham
company. On the first call for soldiers he rode
through the town to the accompaniment of fife
and drum, rallying his townsmen to drive out of
the country the British, "who were killing Mas-
sachusetts men." He was one of twelve ances-
tors of Dr. Alfred King, who served in the
Continental army in the Revolution. He married
Betsey Shaw, daughter of Nathaniel and Eliza-
beth (Hall) Shaw, and both of their sons who at-
tained mature years, Samuel, of v.'hom further
and George, settled in Maine.

(VI) Samuel King, son of Sergeant George
and Betsey (Shaw) King, was born in Raynham,
Massachusetts, May 18, 1771. He was a carpen-
ter and builder, also a farmer, and early in life
moved, with his uncle, Jairus Shaw, to Paris,
Maine, where he became the owner of large prop-
erty and gained a position of prominence in the
town. He and his wife, Sally, daughter of
Jonathan Hall, were the parents of ten children,
this line continuing through the eldest son and
child, Samuel Hall.

(VII) Samuel Hall King, son of Samuel King,
v.ras born in Paris, Maine, September 4, 1799, and
died at Portland, Maine, May 6, 1864. He was
a housewright and farmer, and early in life
moved to that part of Hebron which is now
Oxford, Maine. He took an active and influ-
ential part in the upbuilding of the early town
of Oxford, and prior to its establishment as a
separate township served as selectman in Heb-
ron, later holding the same office in Oxford and
serving as chairman of the first Board of Select-
men of that town. He was an interested worker
in the State Militia, serving through all grades
up to and including the rank of colonel. In 1845
he moved to Portland, where he engaged in busi-
ness. Colonel King married, October 31, 1824,
Eliza Shaw, daughter of Gilbert and Silene
(Cole) Shaw, of Paris, Maine, and of the eighth
generation from John Shaw, of Plymouth. She
was born in Paris, Maine, September 2, 1801, and
died in Portland, June 22, 1875. Colonel Samuel
Hall and Eliza (Shaw) King were the parents
of ten children, of whom but two attained ma-
ture years. Marquis Fayette, of whom further,
and Henry Melville, born September 3, 1838,
died June 16, 1919.

BIOGRAPHICAL

1/.'

(VIII) Marquis Fayette King, son of Samuel
Hall King, was born at Oxford, Maine, Febru-
ary i8, 183s, and died October 21, 1904. He was
one of the leading figures in the public life of
Portland in the latter decades of the past cen-
tury. He was mayor of Portland, served in
both branches of the City Council, and was a
member of the Executive Committee of Maine.
He was widely known in Masonic circles in
Maine and was past grand master of the Ma-
sonic order in the State. He was an honorary
member of the Old Colony Historical Society
and of the Maine Historical Society, was presi-
dent of the Maine Genealogical Society, and
throughout New England was regarded as an
eminent genealogical authority. He married,
March 8, 1856, Frances Olivia Plaisted, born Sep-
tember I, 183s, daughter of Samuel Pomeroy and
Sabrina (Perkins) Plaisted. Samuel Pomeroy
Plaisted was born in Jefferson, New Hampshire,
July 27, 1810, and died in Portland, March 18,
1874; Sabrina (Perkins) Plaisted was born in
Portland, October 10, 1812, died there July 18,
1889. Children of Marquis Fayette and Fran-
ces Olivia (Plaisted) King: Waher Melville,
Vorn August 5, 1857, died September 18, 1858;
Luetta, born January 12, 1859; Alfred, of whom
further; Warren Cloudman, born July 15, 1863,
married, November 14, 1887, Lizzie Thomas Pen-
nell; Francis Plaisted, born February 14, 1867.

(IX) Alfred King, ninth in descent from John
King, and son of Marquis Fayette and Frances
Olivia (Plaisted) King, was born in Portland,
Maine, July 2, 1861, and died in Portland, June
4, 1916. He received his early education in the pub-
lic schools of the city of Portland and was grad-
uated from the Portland High School in the class
of 1879. The following year he entered Colby
College, where he pursued the classical course,
numbering among his classmates men whose
names later became well known in New England,
including Asher C. Hinds, member of Congress,
Wilford G. Chapman, mayor of Portland, and
Elgin C. Verrill, of Portland. He became a
member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity,
and was graduated with the degree of Bachelor
of Arts in 1883. He then entered the Medical
School of Maine (Bowdoin) from which he was
graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1886. While
still a senior at the Medical School he was ap-
pointed house pupil at the Maine General Hos-
pital, to fill a sudden vacancy. In 1890 he was
made adjunct surgeon at the hospital, and in
1S91 became a ful! surgeon. He retniiicd this
office until 1907, when he resigned. In appre-

i\:E.-D-12

ciation of his services he was elected consulting
surgeon, and continued a member of the staflf of
the Maine General Hospital until his death.

In 1904 Dr. King, in addition to carrying on
his work in the hospital, established a private
hospital in the Deering district of Portland,
known as Dr. King's Hospital. This institution
met with a high degree of success and did much
toward establishing the prestige of Dr. King in
medical and surgical circles throughout New
England. Through his remarkable success in
handling difficult cases brought to his hospital,
his reputation as a physician and surgeon of the
highest ability was built up. In connection with
it he maintained a training school for nurses.
He was consulting surgeon of the Webber Hos-
pital of Saco, Maine. His knowledge of his pro-
fession was of the broadest, most exact nature,
embracing not only practical but theoretical
medicine and surgery. He was deeply inter-
ested in teaching and rendered valuable service
as an instructor in the Medical School of Maine.
From 1899 to 1905 he was demonstrator of anat-
omy in this institution, from 1905 to 1907 he
was assistant professor of clinical surgery, in 191 1
and 1912 lecturer in surgery, and from 1912
until his death professor of surgery. His promi-
nence in the field of medicine in Maine was ex-
ceeded by none, and he was loved as well as
honored and respected by the profession. His
long service in the teaching of anatomy, particu-
larly in the dissecting room, and his practical
knowledge of pathology were the best possible
preliminaries to the understanding of surgical
problems, and to these he added manipulative
skill of the highest order. Marvelous celerity
was a striking feature of his operations, but every
step was taken with a surety that indicated per-
fect familiarity with the ground to be traversed.
Honors were plentifully bestowed upon him in
recognition of his work and achievements, but
plaudits and distinctions never evoked from him
a sign of pride; they seemed to him mere inci-
dents, which he valued only to the extent that
they enlarged his opportunities for usefulness.
The value of his work may be adequately judged
by the fact that a fellowship in the American
Surgical Association was conferred on him. He
was also a member of the Cumberland Medical
Society, the Maine Medical Society, the Interna-
tional Society of Surgeons, the American Med-
ical Association, and the American Therapeutic
Society.

Dr. King took an active and keen interest in
the development of the city of Portland, and in

178

HISTORY OF MAINE

its political life. His interest in politics was
essentially that of the earnest citizen and was
without the element of ambition. He was with-
out desire for public office and longed merely
for the purifying of political methods and the
raising of standards to such a height that par-
ticipation in politics might not entail a loss of
dignity and honor. He was a lifelong Repub-
lican, a deep student of times and conditions, and
alive to national, State and civic issues. The
only public office which Dr. King ever held was
that of city physician, from 1887 to 1890, one
which came within the bounds of his profes-
sional abilities. He was nevertheless active un-
officially in politics and supported the candidacy
of Hon. Asher C. Hinds, his former classmate,
for the United States Congress, taking a lead-
ing part in the campaign. He also supported the
candidacy of Colonel Louis B. Goodall, of San-
ford, for the Republican nomination for Con-
gress.

Dr. King found his greatest pleasure and re-
laxation in agriculture and dairying. His inter-
est in farming was very deep and extended out-
side the bounds of his own operations. He had
a fine concern for the advancement of agricul-
ture in the State of Maine, and was active in
propaganda toward this end. Dr. King owned
an extensive dairy farm in South Paris, Maine,
which he conducted along the most scientific
lines. In 1908 he was founder of the Portland
Farmers' Club for the purpose of studying and
bettering conditions of agriculture throughout
Maine. Of his ambition in regard to the club,
Colonel Frederick N. Dow, in a meeting held in
honor of the memory of Dr. King, spoke as fol-
lows: "I knew something of his hopes in re-
gard to this club. He looked forward to the
time when the club would exert a marked in-
fluence on the agriculture of the State. His
hopes were not entirely realized. As I saw him
working on his farm at one time he worked as
though he were contributing to this end. Time
and again he spoke of what might be done for
the benefit of the agriculture of the State."

The following tributes from men high in the
profession in Alaine were paid to Dr. King as a
physician, patron of agriculture, citizen and man
at the meeting held in his memorj' by the mem-
bers of the Portland Farmers' Club, October 11,
1916:

Those who knew him intimately knew that he had
a peculiar, almost a fascinating longing for friendship.
Dr. Kins has gone. lie has left a sweet memory for
us. nnd he has also left for our ca-e the Portland
Farmers' Club. What are we to do with it? Shall
v.e by our interest nnd our care foster the hopes which

he hal?— Dr. Ov.en Sniith, secretary of tlie Fortlarid
Farmers' Club.

My tribute is to be on v<hat 1 knoiv of his work aud
the intelligence of his work. For originality and per-
fection of execution there is no one who can exceed Dr.
King. That has characterized him as a student, as a
practitioner, and as a teacher. — Dr. John F. Tuompsou.

In all tlie time that I knew him there was never a
time that 1 thought he was afraid, either physically
or nil. rally. He was intellectually honest. And it was
tl!f lialancing of these qualities that gave hir.i his
Rtrfiistli. He had conlidence in his own strength and
was without vanity. All through the High School and
professional life those qualities were predominant. Per-
haps v.ithout that balance one of his make-up v.ould
liave been reckless. Another thing was his disposition
to do service to the world. In college he always liad
the idea of doing something fine. He never entered a
..lace v.ithout this thought in his mind. His work
in politics v.as natural. He always took an active in-
terest in civic affairs. I think the first of his active
work fur Mr. Hinds was inspired by his loyalty to the
man. But although interested in Hinds 1 do not think
he would have done a think if it had not been for the
idea of service. — Mayor Wilford G. Chapman, of Port-

The joint resolutions of the Portland Farmers
Club were as follows :

at this, the first meeting of the Port-
ti held since the decease of Dr. Alfred
cords this expression of its high ap-

Dr.

:ing

lit from its organization. While
ar add to the fam.e Dr. King
l-iuics.siun, nor is it necessary
ill wl.ich he was held as a man
mmuuity where he had alv.-ayg
«as so well knov.n, this club
ities of his heart and bis liead
with him here at once a pleiis-
He v.as a man whom none

iciated v.ithout loving.
lirers ..f this club be requested
that at the first meetins of l!;e
year some action be taken by
ding to preserve the

to make such provision th
club in October of each j
v.ay of address or otherx
memory of Dr. King as the founder of this club.

Resolved, That the secretary be directed to spread
these resolutions on the records of the club, to forv,-ard
a copy to tJie widow of the late Dr. King, and to the
daily "papers of this city for publication.

Dr. Alfred King was a prominent figure in
Masonic circles in Maine, holding the thirty-
second degree, Maine Consistory. He was a
past master of Ancient Landmark Lodge and
was installed master by his father, a Mason of
great distinction in Maine, upon the twenty-fifth
anniversary of the elder King's installation as
master of the same lodge. Dr. King was at one
time a member of the board of trustees of Colby
College, his alma mater, for which he cherished a
lifelong affection. Through the services of his
patriotic ancestors he held membership in the
Sons of the American Revolution. Into a life
of no great length he crowded much endeavor
and attainment, the whole pervaded by a spirit
of unselfishness and service that makes his mem-
ory a thing of rare beauty.

A'.&.)^

cmju

BIOGRAPHICAL

179

Dr. King married, October 26, 1887, Nellie
Grace True, of Waterville, Maine, daughter of
Warren M. and Lucretia (Gary) True, who sur-
vives her husband, a resident of Boston, Massa-
chusetts.

with Sarah L. Noyse, a daughter of Raymond and
Angelina (Green) Noyse. They are the parents
of one child, Raymond Robert E. Hone, born
February 18, 191^-

ROBERT E. HONE, one of the most pro-
gressive and successful farmers of Littleton,
Maine, and an influential citizen of the commu-
nity, comes of good old Maine stock and is a son
of Thomas and Elizabeth Hone, old and highly
respected residents of the town of New Limer-
ick. The elder Mr. Hone and his wife were na-
tives of Ireland, the former being a son of
James Hone, of England, who in turn was the
son of a Mr. Hone of Scotland. Thomas Hone
came to the United States early in life and en-
gaged ir, Tarniirig r.t New Limerick, Maine, where
he had also a blacksmith's shop. He and his
wife were the parents of the following children:
Sarah J., Robert E., with whose career we are
especially concerned; David A.; John J.; and
Catherine; all of whom with the exception of
David A. Hone are living.

Robert E. Hone was born February 18, 1856.
at New Limerick, and as a lad attended the local
public schools. He took a two year course of
study at Houlton Academy, and upon complet-
ing his studies at the latter institution took np
farming as an occupation. He has been con-
sistently engaged in this line of work ever since,
although for two years he owned and ran a
store at Littleton. But it is in connection -, ii'.i
his public career that Mr. Hone is probably l>c;-t
known in this region, having held a number of
important positions of trust in the gift of the
community. He is a staunch supporter of Re-
publican principles and policies and is regarded as
one of the leaders of his party in this part of the
State. He has served as chairman of the Board
of Selectmen of the township of Littleton for
several years, and for twenty consecutive years
has served in the responsible post of treasurer
of the township. He was also a member of the
school board of Littleton, serving as superinten-
dent of schools for six years and was clerk of the
township for a similar period. Robert E. Hone
was re-elected this year as chairman of the Board
of Selectmen and also as a member of the school
committee of Littleton. In his religious belief
Mr. Hone is an Episcopalian and attends the
Church of the Good Shepherd of that denomi-
nation at Houlton.

Robert E .Hone was united in marriage on July
20, 1910, in the Episcopalian church at Houlton,

HENRY WILLIAM POOR— The members of
the ancient American family of Poor with whom
this record is principally concerned, Henry Var-
num Poor and Henry William Poor, both at-
tained prominence through their connection with
railroad development in the United States and
the publication of text-books of railroad infor-
mation, the various "Poor's Manuals." Both
bore high reputation as students and scholars,
Henry Varnum Poor, a noted writer on economic
and political subjects, and Henry William Poor
an accomplished linguist, and their lives again
ran parallel in their unswerving devotion to high
ideals, their able sponsorship of the right, and
the uplifting influence they wielded throughout
long lives of usefulness and honor. Maine is
the State that gave them birth, and the annals
of the lives of her citizens are the richer for
the chronicle of their good works.

The family of Poor was founded by Daniel
Poor, who came to Newburyport, Massachusetts,
from Salisbury, England, in the ship Bevis, in
1638. the line descending through his son, Daniel,
and Mary Varnum, his wife; their son, Daniel,
and Mehitable Osgood, his wife; their son, Sam-
uel, and Deborah Kimball, his wife; their son,
Ebenezer, and Susannah Varnum, his wife; to Dr.
Sylvanus Poor, father of Henry Varnum Poor,
and Mary Merrill, his wife. In the Merrill and
Varnum lines present day members of the fam-
ily hold membership in the various societies re-
quiring Revolutionary ancestry, in the former
through the services of Ezekiel Merrill, and in
the latter through the patriotic activity of John
Varnum, whose name is on the list of original
lenders to the Revolutionary government.

Henry Varnum Poor, son of Dr. Sylvanus and
Mary (Merrill) Poor, was born in Andover,
Maine, December 8, 1812, and died in 1905.
"Poor's Manual of Railroads of the United
States" was founded in connection with his son,
Henry W. Poor, in New York, in 1868, his pre-
vious interest in railroad publications having
been as manager of the American Railroad Jour-
nal, from 1S49 to 1862. His economic writings
were of national interest and effect, a treatise
published at the outbreak of the Civil War on
"The Effect of Secession upon the Commercial
Relations between the North and South and upon
each other" being taken in its first edition by the

180

HISTORY OF MAINE

Department of State for distribution abroad in
order to strengthen the credit of the government
by showing that the northern or loyal States
possessed ample means for carrying the war to a
successful conclusion, no matter the magnitude
it might assume. His works on the monetary
system and the tariff were widely sold and quoted.
Henry V. Poor was secretary of the corporators
of the Union Pacific Railroad upon the organ-
ization of that road, and was appointed to se-
cure subscriptions to the capital stock of the
company to the amount of two millions of dol-
lars, a trust he capably discharged. His of-
ficial connection with the road was short, but
in 1879 he was the author of "The Union and
Central Pacific Railroads and their Relations to
the United States," whose purpose was to dem-
onstrate that the country was greatly the gainer
by the advances made to these companies should
the whole amount be lost. He wrote extensively
on the above and allied topics, all of his works,
some of them the result of deep study and long
research, receiving the attention accorded only
to the writnigs of men able in the command of
their subject. His life was one of laborious ef-
fort, dedicated, not to the acquisition of large
personal fortune, but to the combatting of de-
structive tendencies in the national life and to the
founding of national institutions upon basic prin-
ciples solid and enduring.

Henry V. Poor married Mary Wild Pierce,
daughter of the Rev. John Pierce, D.D., of
Brookline, Massachusetts, a graduate of Harvard
University in the class of 1793.

Henry \A'illiam Poor, son of Henry \'anuim
and Mary Wild (Pierce) Poor, was born in Ban-
gor, Maine, June 16, 1844, and died in New York
City, April 13, 1915. The summers of his boy-
hood were spent on the old Merrill homestead
in Andover, Maine, built by Ezekiel Merrill in
1791 and restored by Henry Varnum Poor, who
gave zealous care to the preservation of its
great natural beauties, and in 1849 he came to
New York with his parents. In New York City
he attended the public schools and the Mount
Washington Collegiate Institute, and he pre-
pared for Harvard University at the Boston Latin
School. His term at college was during the Civil
War, and the resulting small classes made the
work of the students attending unusually profit-
able because of the close personal relations that
became possible under those conditions. In one
of James Russell Lowell's classes Mr. Poor was
one of but two students studying Italian and
Spanish, and so thoroughly did he come to ap-

preciate the beauty of these tongues and the rich-
ness of their classics that their reading remained
a part of his lifelong recreation. He was grad-
uated A.B. from Harvard in the class of 1865,
later receiving his master's degree.

Coming to New York City with his father he
established the firm of H. V. and H. W. Poor,
beginning the publication of "Poor's Manual,"
a work which gained world wide acceptance as
a text book of railroad information. He ac-
quired large railroad interests and became en-
gaged in the importation of steel rails from Nor-
way in connection with railroad building. The
firm of H. V. & H. W. Poor was dissolved in
1880 and in the same year Mr. Poor became a
member of the firm of Anthony, Poor & Oli-
phant. This firm, which dealt largely in the
securities of the railroads which Mr. Poor had
helped organize, later operated as Poor & Green-
ough, finally as H. W. Poor & Company, Mr.
Poor gaining wide recognition through the or-
ganization and consolidation of numerous suc-
cessful industrial enterprises. With the appoint-
ment of a receiver for the firm of H. W. Poor &
Company in 1908, subsequent to the disastrous
panic of 1907, Mr. Poor confined himself to his
publishing interests as president of Poor's Rail-
road Manual Company, Inc., publishers of
"Poor's Manual of Railroads," "Poor's Manual
of Public Utilities," "Poor's Manual of Indus-
trials," and "Poor's Handbook of Investors'
Holdings."

Mr. Poor's relaxation from business cares was
found in a well balanced blending of the studious
and the athletic. To his family and intimates he
was known as a purist in language. He knew
Horace as few men have, appreciated Eis writ-
ings, and throughout his life read Greek and
Latin, also continuing his interesting pursuit of
Sanskrit, Hebrew, Icelandic, and Russian. He
loved books and book-making, and acquired a
unique and carefully chosen library, including a
first edition of Thomas A. Kempis' "Imitatio
Christi," and many other rare first editions, and
a collection of Americana, while among his
specially bound copies were specimens of the
best American book binding. He was a de-
votee of the out-of-doors and during his college
years was a noted athlete, possessing remarkable
muscular strength. Fishing and hunting were
his favorite sports in his later years, although
he was fond of any pursuit that brought him
close to the works and beauties of nature. He
was a member of the Hakluyt Society, the
Grolier Club, the New York Zoological Society,

'ML^^

/L^

' 0- I/huSozJ/.

BIOGRAPHICAL

181

the Museum of Natural History, and the Sons
of the American Revolution.

Mr. Poor married Constance Evelyn Brandon,
daughter of A. R. Brandon, of New York City,
February 4, 1880, and they were the parents of:
Henry Varnum, Edith Brandon, married Briga-
dier-General J. K. Cochrane, of the general stafJ
of the British army; Roger Merrill, Pamela, and
Constance Mary Evelyn.

MARY P. NOWLAND, the eldest daughter of
James and Helen A. Nowland, was born in
Hodgdon, Maine, November 23, 1853. She at-
tended private schools in Carleton, New Bruns-
wick, to which place the family moved when
Mary P. was five years of age — afterward the
public schools of Ashland, Maine, the town td
which Adjutant Nowland went with his family
in 1863 after resigning from the Fifteenth Maine
Volunteers in which he held an adjutant's com-
mission.

After teaching for some years, beginning at
the age of si.xteen. Miss Nowland went to the
Normal School at Castine, from which she was
graduated in 1876. Following this she taught
in the schools of Stockton, Sedgwick, Deer Isle
and Bridgeton, then going to her home town, Ash-
land, in 1878, where she taught the Free High
School for two years. While teaching in Ash-
land the Hon. N. A. Luce, State superintendent
of common schools, offered to her the position
of assistant in the Madawaska Training School
at Fort Kent, Maine. Miss Nowland succeeded
to the principalship of the school on the death of
its first principal, Vetal Cyr, who wag given
charge of the school at its establishment. She
is still teaching in the Training School.

VETAL CYR, principal of the Madawaska
Training School, at Fort Kent, Maine, died on
September 22, 1897, at the age of fifty years. He
was born in Madawaska, Maine, the son of Solo-
mon and Pauline (Nadeau) Cyr, a direct descend-
ant on his mother's side of the Arcadians. His
childhood's home was in Fort Kent, the one lo-
cality in the Territory of Madawaska, where the
English language is spoken by any considerable
number of people and where from the beginning
schools have been maintained. When the boy
had grown in knowledge up to the limit of the
work of the home school, and had sought further
education in Houlton Academy, he found a friend
in that broad minded, cultured gentleman, Mr.
James C. Madigan, and a home in his family,
and it was equally fortunate that in the principal

of the Academy, later the distinguished ento-
mologist of the Massachusetts Agricultural Col-
lege, Professor M. C. Fernald, he came under
the influence of a man who intensified his grow-
ing love of learning and who got such a hold
upon his confidence and affection as led the pupil
to follow the master when he was called to a pro-
fessorship in the young and growing State Col-
lege at Orono, Maine.

Vetal Cyr was graduated from the State Col-
lege of Orono in 1876. And finally it was for-
tunate that the young Frenchman's command of
both spoken and written English had become
such that employment in some of the best and
largest rural schools of the State were opened
to him. And it was while so teaching that he
came to be known and appresiated by the two
men, Hon. W. J. Corthell and Hon. N. A. Luce,
one of whom was to set him finally to his work
and the other to stand behind him in it almost
to the end. Such was the preparation of the
man who was selected to take charge of the
Madawaska Training School and its establish-
ment and to remain in it until his death, nine-
teen years later. He was a man fitted by birth,
race, training and personality to make the school
a success from the start. The good he wrought
lives after him in the larger, better and more
fruitful life of those who were under his in-
struction. The work of Mr. Cyr was crowned
with the hearty approval and commendation of
the highest educational and civic authorities of
the State. He was loved and honored by a host
of friends, young and old. What more or real
success could human ambition ask as the crown
of life?

JOHN AUGUSTUS DONOVAN, M.D., physi-
cian and surgeon, was born in Houlton, Maine, Au-
gust 4, 1841. His childhood and early life were spent
at his native town, where he acquired the elementary
part of his education in the district schools and at
the Ricker Classical Institute, then called the Houl-
ton Academy. In 1861 he entered St. Dunstans.
College at Charlottetown, the capital of Prince Ed-
ward Island. From that institution he returned to
his native State, having decided in the meantime to
begin the study of medicine. With that purpose in
view he prepared to matriculate at the medical de-
partment of the University of New York, from
which he graduated in March, 1866. A few weeks
later on May i of the same year, Dr. Donovan began
the general practice of medicine and surgery in the
city of Lewiston, Maine, where he is still engaged in
practice with the same zeal and interest that charac-

182

HISTORY OF MAINE

tcrized his work in all the years of his practice. In
1869 Dr. Donovan, feeling the need of further in-
struction and study in the ever expanding science
of medical and surgical practice, went again to his
University ahua mater for a period of six months
at post-graduate work. In 1873, with the same pur-
pose in view, he left his home and practice to con-
tinue his professional studies in the hospitals of Eu-
rope, devoting his attention mainly to surgical work
and to the diseases of the eye and ear. After fif-
teen months of continuous work and observation in
those notable and time-honored institutions. Dr. Don-
ovan returned to his labors in Lewiston, where he
intended to limit his practice to eye and ear work,
but the claims of his former patrons to do their
general and particularly their surgical service were
so pressing that he reluctantly abandoned his in-
tention of becoming a specialist.

About the years 1885 to 1900 the medical men of
Lewiston and Auburn, realizing the urgent need for
hospital accommodation for the two cities and sur-
rounding country, gave much time and thought to
securing a desirable site and suitable building for
hospital purposes. Finally a nucleus was secured by
the purchase of Mr. Newman's home, formerly
known as the Bearce residence on Main street. That
residence and a lot of land that now forms part of
the Central Maine General Hospital grounds was
the hospital necleus so long desired. The purchase
was made by fourteen physicians of the two cities,
who gave a joint note to secure the property v.'hich
was taken over later by a corporate body which now
controls and manages the interests of the institution.
Thus it happened that the Central Maine General
Hospital had its birth and the beginning of its activ-
ities. Surely those physicians who acted as sponsors
for its existence may justly feel a sense of comfort,
if not an honest and laudable pride, in beholding
that beautiful and imposing structure as well as in
contemplating what it means to have such a house
of refuge dedicated not only to the relief of suffer-
ing humanity but to the creation of ways and means
to prevent disease and to facilitate the progress of
medical and surgical science. The saddest feature
of the picture is that so many of the physicians who
labored so earnestly to make the hospital a glorious
achievement have already paid the common debt
that all must pay once, and have gone to await
the great awakening day.

In that hospital it was Dr. Donovan's privilege and
pleasure to labor, to observe, to study and operate
as major surgeon more than a dozen years. Then
he retired from the staff service, so that younger
men might take up the work. Dr. Donovan's pres-
ent official relation to the hospital is surgeon emeri-

His standing as a citizen and physician in this
community is best seen in retrospect for more than
half a century. In religion he is a Roman Catholic,
in politics always a Democrat, a kind of faith in-
herited from his revered father, but has not politi-
cal ambition except for honest, intelligent and un-
biased government. Yet he was once induced to ac-
cept nomination and election to his State Legisla-
ture as representative. It may seem singular, but it
is true, that Dr. Donovan accepted nomination prin-
cipally through the influence of his long time friend,
the late Dr. B. F. Sturgis, who was as pronounced
a Republican as Dr. Donovan is a Democrat.

Dr. Donovan's father, Jeremiah Donovan, was born
in Ireland, where he lived to early manhood. He
came to this country with an older brother, Michal,
and a sister, Mary. He and his brother settled in
Houlton, where they fashioned and carved from
the virgin forests of northern Maine homes and
competence, gaining all the v.hile the confidence, re-
spect and lasting friendship of the community in
which they lived and labored. While thus engaged
at pioneer life, the brothers suffered many disad-
vantages, as is apparent, bad roads as we still have,
no schools for a time for children soon to appear,
no church of their creed for a long time, but in them
the old faith was firmly planted and remained undis-
turbed. Fortunately the brothers, Michal and Jerry,
were unusually loyal to each other, their homes
though not adjacent, were conveniently near, so they
could visit often and enjoy that unsullied brother-
hood which began in infancy and was terminated
only by death.

Jeremiah Donovan married Anne Grimeson, who
was born near Frederickton, New Brunswick.
There were three children: A daughter, who died
from accident in childhood ; an older son, William,
who devoted his time mainly to agricultural pur-
suits ; and John Augustus, of this sketch.

Dr. John A. Donovan married (first) Jennie H.
Sullivan, of Winthrop, Maine, the date of the mar-
riage was January 16, 1872. Three children were
born, John Bernard, who studied medicine mainly at
McGill University and graduated at Baltimore ; Wil-
liam Henry, who became a dentist ; and Mar\' Bea-
trice, the youngest, who died at the age of twenty
years. Mrs. Jennie H. Donovan died January 9,
igo8, of acute pneumonia, which she contracted en
route to Bermuda Island, a sad ending to a
journey from which much pleasure was anticipated.
Dr. Donovan married (second) Kate A. Joyce, a
long time and dear friend of the first Mrs. Dono-
van, the date of the marriage was October 26, 1909.

HARRY BANKS SAWYER, a prominent citi-
zen of Bath, Maine, is a son of Elijah Field and

:^J2h^^^..^J^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

183

Sarah Noyes (JMarston) Sav.y r. a:;] -.as ' orn i:i
Bath, December 2T, 1S63. T!i: is of

old New England orighi, man;. hav-

ing become distinguished in pu. i , in the

ministr}', and in various other callings. The name
appears a few 3'ears after the landing of the Pil-
grims, and has been an honored patronymic of men
v.ho have rendered faithful and conspicuous service
to the State and Nation. It is a matter of record
that eighteen men from the town of Lancaster.
Massachusetts, all bearing the name of Sawyer, took
part in the Revolutionary War, and one company re-
cruited from that town was officered from the cap-
tain down by Sawyers. John Sawyer, or Sayer, as
the name was sometimes spelled, was a substantial
farmer and land-holder of Lincolnshire, England.
He was the father of three sons, William, Edward,
and Thomas, all three of whom left England and
came to this country in the ship commanded by
Captain Parlcer, and eventually settled in Massa-
chusetts.

Harry Banks Sawyer is the ninth in descent from
William (i) Sawyer, the American progenitor of this
branch of the family. The line comes down through
^\'illiam (2) the son of the immigrant, and through
his son, Daniel, and his son, William (3), and his
son, William (^), and his son, Vi'illiam ("). and his
son, Benjamin, and his son, Elijah Field, the father
of Harry Banks Sa-\v\'er, a prominent figure in the
industrial and business life of the cit>' of Bath in
his day. A shipbuilder by occupation, he worked h:^
way up to the top of the industry, and at the time
of his death was the president of the Kelley- Spear
Shipbuilding Company, builders of steam and sail-
ing vessels, and during all the years in which he was
connected with the shipbuilding industry the firm in
which he vv^as a partner, and of which he was presi
dent, constructed and launched a total of three hun-
dred and forty-four vessels of all kinds, a greater
number than can be claimed by any builder of
wooden ships in the country. Elijah Field Sawyer
married Sarah Noyes Marston, who v.-as born in
1830, and they had five children : Emma, who died
j-oung; Ada R., married D. Howard Spear: George,
who died j'oung; Harry Banks, of further mention;
and Jennie, who died young.

Harry Banks Sawyer was educated in the Bath
public schools, which having finished, he v.'cnt to
the Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetti,
from which he v/as graduated in 1S86. He then took
"p teaching as a profession, his first po=iition being
in 'Washington, D. C, and from there going out to
St. Paul, Minnesota, where he taught for ten years
in the public schools. In iSq8 Mr. Sawyer returned
to his native New England, and v.-as in the grain

busiiiess for a time, and then became associated
with the Kelley-Spear Shipbuilding Company, as an
assistant to his father, who was then the president
of the company, but who was beginning to feel the
weight of advancing years. Upon the death of the
senior Mr. Sav.yer, in 1906, Harry B. Sawyer was
elected treasurer of the company- and still occupies
that office, as well as that of general manager. In
addition to these duties he also ser\'es as trustee of
the People's Safe Deposit and Savings Bank and of
the Bath Trust Company. In politics !:c is a Re-
publican, and has taken an active part ir that fi:',:l
of work. He represented the Seventh Ward in tb.e
Common Council in 1902, and served as alderman of
the same Ward from 1903 to 1907. He is also prrm-
inent in fraternal circles, a member of Solar Lodge,
No. 14, Free and Accepted Masons ; Montgomery and
St. Bernard Chapter, No. 2, Royal Arch >.rason=:
Dunlap Commandery, No. 5. Kniglits Tcmplnr: ?.tv!
Lodge No. 943, Benevolent and Protoclive Or.l:r r\
Elks. He also belongs to the Kennebec Yacht Club.
Mr. Sawyer is a liberal supporter, and with his fani-
\\\ is an attendant at the services of the Univers?.list
church.

Mr. Sawyer married, August 22, iS8g, Gertrude
Hannah Frank, daughter of Anthony and Arietta
Frank, born at Bath, in 1863. One child has been
born to them. Jennie Mae, at St. Paul, ISti'^resnta.
June 28, 1804.

FREDERICK P. GRAVES, one of the most
popular dentists of Saco, Maine, where he has
been actively in practice for the past thirty years,
is a native of this State, and has spent his entire
life here. He is a son of Dr. Stockbridge and
Frances Ellen (Graves) Graves, of this place, and
a grandson of Moses Graves. Stockbridge
Graves was a physician in Saco for a great many
years, and was well and favorably known through-
out the region. He and his wife were the parents
of the following children: Frederick P., with
whom we are here concerned; Roscoe S.; and
Martha Ella, who became the wife of Charles L.
Nickerson. Dr. Stockbridge Graves died at his
home here, October 12, 1916, and his wife, Feb-
ruary IS, 1909.

Born January 25, 1866, at Bath, Maine, Dr.
Frederick P. Graves attended the schools of Saco
for the elementary portion of his education, and
after preparing himself for college at these insti-
tutions entered the Dental College at Harvard
University. He graduated from this school with
the class of 1888 and gained his degree there. In
the autumn of the same year he came to Saco,
where he established himself in practice, and

IS-i

HISTORY OF MAINE

where he has made his home ever since. He has
built up a very large practice, and has taken an ac-
tive part in the life of the community so that he
is a well known and much respected citizen. He
is a prominent and popular Free Mason, and is a
member and past master of Saco Lodge, No. 9,
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; York Chap-
ter, Royal Arch Masons; Maine Council, Royal
and Select Masters, of which he is past thrice il-
lustrious master; and Bradford Commandery,
Knights Templar, and is past commander of the
last named body.

Dr. Graves was united in marriage, October 12,
1898, at Saco, with Josephine Leavitt, a daughter
of Captain F. W. and Sarah (Grant) Leavitt, of
Saco. To Dr. and Mrs. Graves one son has been
born, Laurence L., February 25, 1901.

CAPTAIN CHARLES WESLEY KEYES,
U. S. A., late of Farmington, Maine, where his death
occurred, June 16, 1906, was a native of the town
of Wilton in this State, his birth having occurred
in that place, February i, 1831. He was the
youngest child of Sampson and Mehitable (But-
terfield) Keyes, and the grandson of Isaacher
Keyes, of Westford, Massachusetts, where the
family had resided for many years. The Keyes
family is of English origin and came to this
country in early New England days. Sampson
Keyes, the father of our subject, married (first)
Betsey F. Little, of Tyngsboro, Massachusetts,
who died about 1810, after which he married Me-
hitable Butterfield, born in Dunstable, New
Hampshire, the mother of Captain Keyes. Samp-
son Keyes was a blacksmith and farmer, and
owned a large and valuable farm in the west part
of Wilton, Maine. He was a prominent member
of the ]\Iethodist Episcopal church, and a man
who enjoyed the esteem and regard of the entire
community.

Captain Charles Wesley Keyes received his
education at the public schools of Wilton and the
Maine Wesleyan Seminary at Kents Hill, Maine.
Upon completing his studies at the last named
institution, he learned the trade of scythe finisher
at the establishment owned by his brother, Cal-
vin Keyes, at East Wilton. He remained for
twelve years there, and then, in 1862, volunteered
for service in the Civil War. He entered as ser-
geant in Company B, Twenty-eighth Regiment.
Maine Volunteer Infantry, and most of the time
served as hospital steward from the date of the
muster in, September 10, 1862, to the muster out,
August 31, 1863. From November 10 of the latter
year until the following February he was a pri-

vate in the Second Regiment, ilaine Volunteer
Cavalry. He was honorably discharged by
reason of promotion on the twenty-seventh of
that month, and received a commission as first
lieutenant in the Thirty-second Regiment, Maine
Volunteer Infantry, April 2, 1864. In September
of the same year he was by reason of wounds
honorably discharged. On January 20, 1865, he
joined the Maine Coast Guard and was second
lieutenant in that body till July 7, 1865. Hostili-
ties being over at that time, he was mustered
out, but the taste he had gained for military life
was strong and he entered the regular army, July
26, 1866, as second lieutenant in the Forty-fourth
United States Infantry. He was accepted June
I, 1867; was placed on the unassigned list May
31, 1870. He was for gallant and meritorious con-
duct in two different engagements brevetted cap-
tain of infantry, March 2, 1867. In 1904 he was
made a full captain under the United States
Government law. Captain Keyes saw much ac-
tive service as a soldier and was in some of the
greatest engagements of the war, taking part in
the battles of Fort Butler, Louisiana; the Wilder-
ness, and Spottsylvania Court House. He was
wounded in the left leg at the battle of Spottsyl-
vania Court House, and in consequence lost this
member by amputation near the knee. While in
active service in the regular army, he served for
several months on a general court martial under
the presidency of General Ricketts, and was also
on the staff of General W. H. Emory. He also
served as assistant superintendent of War De-
partment buildings at Washington, D. C, and
later, for two years, was under General O. O.
Howard in his work among the Freedman's
Schools of Kentucky. After the close of active
service. Captain Keyes returned to Maine, where
he purchased the Faniiiiigton Chronicle, and was
proprietor and editor of that journal for about
twelve years, only retiring when failing health
compelled him to give up the strenuous life he had
led. In politics Captain Keyes was a Republican,
and at one time was postmaster of East Wilton,
Maine, but gave up this office when he again en-
listed in the army. For seven years he was a
trustee of the University of Maine, and was also a
trustee of the Maine Wesleyan Seminar}- at Kents
Hill for a considerable period. He served as a
member of the Board of Health of Farmington,
and was generally prominent in the life of that
place. Captain Keyes was a member of Maine
Lodge, No. 20, Ancient Free and Accepted Ma-
sons; Franklin Chapter, No. 44, Royal Arch Ma-
sons, and the Grand Army of the Republic, which

BIOGRAPHICAL

185

he joined in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1869. He
later, upon his return to the North, became a
member of John F. Appleton Post, No. 25, Grand
Army of the Republic, and held the rank of adju-
tant there. He was likewise for many years a
companion of the first class in the Loyal Legion.

Captain Charles Weslej' Keycs was united in
marriage (first) September 30, 1858, with Juliette
Curtis Lord, eldest daughter of the Rev. Isaac
Lord, of the Maine Methodist Episcopal Confer-
ence. Her death occurred July 25, 186S, at Wash-
ington, D. C. On January 10, 1878, Captain Keyes
married (second) Harriet Elizabeth Park, eldest
daughter of Elisha Park, of Chesterville, Maine,
who survives him. Previous to her marriage Mrs.
Keyes had been preceptress of the Maine Wes-
leyan Seminary at Kents Hill.

Elisha Park, father of Mrs. Keyes, was born
in Jay, Maine, May 31, 1812, and died November
19, 1900. He was educated in the public schools
of Dixfield, where his parents removed when he
was a child, and upon completing his studies there
he engaged in the lumber business. He was a Re-
publican in politics, and for a time served as town
treasurer. He was a member of no church but
was a supporter of the Methodist Episcopal
church. Elisha Park married, November 12, 1845,
Betsey Walton, a native of South Chesterville,
where she was born, September 22, 1820, a daugh-
ter of Moses Walton, Jr., a prosperous farmer and
town official. Elisha Park and his wife were the
parents of four children as follows : Harriet Eliza-
beth, who became the wife of Captain Keyes;
Clara, wife of Henry B. Merry, lumberman and
woo! buyer of North Anson, Maine; Eva, who le-
sides with her sister, Mrs. Keyes; May Florence,
who became the wife of Professor Bradford O.
Mclntre, of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, who holds the
chair of English literature at Dickinson College.

Captain Keyes remained a member on the re-
tired list of the regular army till his decease, and
never lost his interest in military matters. Two
nephews on whom his mantle seems to have fal-
len, are officers, the one in the army, the other in
the navy. They are Colonel E. W. Niles, U. S. A.,
and Lieutenant-Commander E. K. Niles, U. S. N.,
graduates respectively of West Point and Annap-
olis Academies.

GEORGE S. HOBBS— Among the very old
families of the "Pine Tree State," that which
bears the name Hobbs occupies a high place and
has given many of its sons to distinguished serv-
ice in the community. The name itself is of ex-
tremely ancient English origin, and belongs to

that class of names which is derived from nick-
names and diminutives. In this particular case,
from the nickname Rob or Hob, from the Chris-
tian name Robert. It was founded in this coun-
try by a young Englishman, who came to New
England somewhere about the year 1650, although
we cannot be sure of the precise date. He was
typical of that extraordinarily enterprising gen-
eration, and not content with merely coming to a
new world must needs venture forth into the
great north woods, far from the center of coloni-
zation, in search of a new home. Thus it was
that he came to Dover, New Hampshire, where he
received a grant of land in 1657 and another in
1658, and where he continued to live up to the
time of his death, which occurred some time be-
fore July 4, 1698. The date of his marriage is un-
known, but it occurred in Dover some time prior
to 1661. The maiden name of his wife was Han-
nah Canney. She was a daughter of Thomas Can-
ney, who occupied an important place in the
affairs of the town. Henry Hobbs and his wife
lived in that part of Dover known as Sligo.
From New Hampshire the family early migrated
into Maine, several members coming at differ-
ent times and settling in various regions of the
State.

The ancestor of the Mr. Hobbs with whose
career we are particularly concerned was Joseph
Hobbs, who came to Wells, Maine, as early as
1766 from Dover. Mr. Hobbs' father, Cyrus Hall
Hobbs, was born in Wells, where the family had
lived steadily in the interim. Cyrus Hall Hobbs
was a prominent man in the community and fol-
lowed the two occupations of farming and lum-
bering. He married Clementine Mildram, who
like himself was born in Wells, Maine; their
deaths occurred, his in 1893 and hers the year
preceding. They were the parents of six chil-
dren, as follows: William J., a prominent railway
man in New England and now vice-president of
the Boston & Maine Railroad; Jane, died in in-
fancy; George S., the subject of this brief no-
tice; Anna, who became the wife of Herbert W.
Davis, of Nashua, New Hampshire, special agent
of the Boston & Maine Railroad; Frank S., who
resides in Boston and is superintendent of the
Boston Division of the New Haven road; Wal-
ter L., of Brookline, Massachusetts, who is asso-
ciated with Estabrook & Company, bankers, of
Boston.

Born November 10, 1859, at Wells, York county,
Maine, George S. Hobbs attended the Berwick
Academy at Berwick, Maine, for his general
education. After completing his studies at this

183

HISTORY OF MAINE

institution, he took a special commercial course
at Eastman Business College, Poughkeepsie, New
York. Graduating from this well known school,
he secured, on February i, 1S78, a position with
the Eastern Railroad of Massachusetts, which has
since become a portion of the Boston & Maine
system. He began work in a clerical capacity,
and served in the railroad service of the United
States in various ports. On October 20, 1897, Mr.
Hobbs, whose railroad experience was very wide,
was offered the post of auditor with the Maine
Central Railroad, which position and that of
comptroller he held up to 1908, when he was ap-
pointed second vice-president in charge of its
traffic department. In this most important of-
fice Mr. Hobbs has done much to develop the
efficiency of his road, and the Maine Central owes
not a little to the masterly manner in which
he has handled the affairs of the traffic depart-
ment. But while railroading is primarily Mr.
Hobbs' business, he follows another occupation
for pleasure merely, to which he devotes a very
considerable portion of his time. He owns and
operates a model farm at Wells, where he raises
a fine strain of live stock, and where he spends
the summer months. Mr. Hobbs, while not an
active participant in public affairs, has always been
keenly interested in political issues, both local and
general, and is a staunch supporter of Republican
principles and policies. He is affiliated with the
Masonic fraternity and is a member of several
important clubs, among which should be men-
tioned the following: The Cumberland Club, the
Portland Club, the Bramhall League, the Eco-
nomic Club and the Portland Farmers' Club, all
of Portland. In his religion he is a Unitarian,
and attends the First Parish church of that de-
nomination in Portland.

George S. Hobbs married (first) in 1883 Mary
P. Adams ,of Salem, Massachusetts. Two children
were born of this union: Marguerite and Elea-
nor, both of whom are graduates of Vassar Col-
lege, and make their residence together in New
York City. Mrs. Hobbs died in March, 191 1. Mr.
Hobbs married (second) November, 1913, Ja-
net Webb, a daughter of the late Judge Nathan
Webb, of Portland.

Mr. Hobbs is a most public-spirited citizen,
and there are very tew movements of any import-
ance undertaken with the city's interests in view
with which he is not identified. He is a man of
strong, almost Puritanic virtues, but his fellows
never feel any inconvenience from the some-
what stern tone of his morality, since it is only
himself that he applies it to, only himself whom

he insists upon living up to his ideals. For every
other man this is tempered with a large and wise
tolerance, the tolerance of the philosopher who
realizes that it is only himself for whom he is
responsible and that, although others may, and
should be influenced in all ways possible in the di-
rection of the right, yet more than this is vain
and that no one man has a right to formulate a
code of ethics for his fellows. He is a man of
deep sympathy for his fellows, especially all such
as have suffered misfortune of any kind, and to
these he is always ready to extend a helping hand.
In his treatment of his fellows, he is able to
meet all men on a common ground, and his judg-
ment of them is not influenced by any condi-
tions of an exterior nature. All men are equal
to him, and it never occurs to him to ask if they
are rich or poor, high or low. This lack of re-
spect for the accompaniments of fortune is a
quality greatly admired by all men, who feel an
instinctive trust in those who possess it, and it
is probably this as much as anything that ac-
counts for the popularity which Mr. Hobbs en-
joys. In all the relations of life his conduct is
irreproachable, and he might well be consid-
ered as a model of good citizenship and worthy
manhood.

JUDGE JOHN J. KEEGAN, one of the well

known lawyers of Bath, Maine, vv-as born at Tres-
cott, Washington county, },iaine, die son nf
Thomas and Katherine (Andrews) Keegan, the
former now retired. He attended the public
schools of his native place, and graduated from
the high school in 1903. He then pursued the
study of law at the University of Maine, was
graduated and admitted to the bar in 1907, and
since that time has practised his profession. For
about six months he was in the office of Peter
Charles Keegan. Mr. Keegan was appointed mu-
nicipal judge by Governor Plaisted in 1912,
and he was re-appointed in 1916. Judge Keegan
is a Democrat in his political convictions, and
is a member of the Roman Catholic church. He
is a member of the Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks, and of the Knights of Columbus,
also a member of the Kennebec Yacht Club, and
the Colonial Club. He is the chairman of the
local exemption board of Sagadahoc county.

Judge Keegan married, November 12, 1913,
at Bath, Maine, Margaret J. Lundrigan, daugh-
ter of Thomas J. and Margaret (Magill) Lundri-
gan, of Bath. Her father was for a long time a
watchman at the yards of the Kelley-Spears Ship-
building Company.

BIOGRAPHICAL

187

WILLIS ALLEN TRAFTON— Willis Allen
Trafton, who is known in Auburn, Maine, on ac-
count of his progressiveness and public-spirit, and
who as treasurer of the Dingley-Foss Shoe Com-
pany, is a prominent figure in the business world
here, is a native of Alfred, Maine, where his
family has resided for many years. He is a son
of Freeman E. and Ruth Annie (Knight) Trafton,
his father having been like himself a native of Al-
fred. Freeman E. Trafton was a retail meai
dealer in that town, of which he was a life-long
resident, and conducted a successful business until
the time of his death, which occurred when he
was but thirty-six years of age. Willis Allen
Trafton was himself born at Alfred, February il,
1876. He attended in early childhood the public
schools of his native place, but when nine years
of age was brought by his mother to Auburn.
This was in the year 1885, a few years following
his father's death. In Auburn he attended school
for three years and then in 1888, though but
twelve years of age at the time, he was obliged
to go to work in order to assist in the support
of the family, consisting of his mother and his
two younger brothers. The financial circumstan-
ces of the family had grown poorer since the
death of his father, seven years before, and the
lad, in spite of his youth, felt his responsibilities
keenly. He found an opportunity to take a posi-
tion as errand boy in the office of the Barker
Mill, and remained with this concern three
years, but left them to take a superior position
of pay-roll clerk, though only si--cteen years of
age. Shortly afterward he went with the First
National Bank of Auburn, working first there in a
clerical capacity, but afterward being advanced to
the position of bookkeeper and finally to that
of teller. He remained with this institution some
seventeen years and then, in the month of De-
cember, 1909, left to accept the post of treas-
urer with the Dingley-Foss Shoe Company. He
has continued in this important position up to
the present time, and is now regarded as among
the most capable figures in the business world
of the city. In his politics Mr. Trafton is a Re-
publican as far as national issues go, but in con-
nection with local and municipal affairs he is in-
dependent, casting his vote and wo:l:ing for the
success of the candidate he believes to be the
best, regardless of party affiliations. He is ac-
tive in fraternal circles here and especially so in
connection with the Masonic order, having taken
the thirty-second degree in Free Masonry. He
is affiliated with Tranquil Lodge, No. 29, An-
cient Free and .'\ccepted Masons; Bradford Chap-

ter, No. 38, Royal Arch Masons; Dunlap Coun-
cil, No. 8, Royal and Select Masters; Lewiston
Commandery, No. 6, Knights Templar; and Kora
Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the
Mystic Shrine of Lewiston. Mr. Trafton and his
family attend the High Street Congregational
church, to which he is a liberal benefactor.

Willis Allen Trafton was united in marriage
November 15, 1905, at Auburn, Maine, with H.
Frances Dain, a daughter of William C. and
Helen (\\'iggin) Dain, of this city. Four children
have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Trafton as fol-
lows: Stephen Dain, born May 13, 1907; Helen
Ruth, born December 26, 1909; Mary Frances,
born August 24, 1917; and Willis Allen, born No-
vember 13, 1918.

ARTHUR E. SCRUTON, the successful and
progressive merchant and business man of Lewis-
ton, Maine, is a member of a family which has
resided in this country for many years, but was
originally of Irish derivation.

The immigrant ancestor was one Thomas Scru-
ton, who came from Ireland to the United States
at an early period and settled in the State of
New Hampshire. It was not long afterwards,
however, that the family removed to Maine, and
it was here that Edwin F. Scruton, the father
of Arthur E. Schuton, was born in 1859. Mr.
Scruton, Sr., was a native of Lewiston, where he
resided during his entire life, and where he was
engaged in a successful dry goods business for
some thirty years. He was also very prominent
in the public affairs of the city and served as an
alderman and as overseer of the poor there. He
was very actively connected with politics and
was one of the leaders of the Republican party in
Lewiston. He was closely identified with the
local organization thereof. His adherence to this
party, however, was ended abruptly at the time
of the formation of the Progressive party, which
he joined, and of which he continued a staunch
supporter until his death, October 19, 1913, when
fifty-four years of age. He married Eldora M.
Niles, who survives him, and is now living in
Lewiston. To. Mr. and Mrs. Scruton, Sr., three
children were born, as follows: Sarah, who died in
early childhood; John Y., who is now engaged in
the printing business with his brother, and mar-
ried Lena Stevens, of Auburn, by whom he has
had one son, John Y., Jr.; Arthur E., with whose
career we are here especially concerned.

Born September 20, 1892, at Lewiston, Maine,
Arthur E. Scruton, the youngest son of Edwin
F. and Eldora M. (Niles) Scruton, has made his

188

HISTORY OF MAIN]

home in that city. It was here that he received
his education, attending first the public schools,
and graduating from the high school in ipil,
and then the Yarmouth Academy, where he stud-
ied during the year 1912. After completing his
education at these institutions, Mr. Scruton en-
tered the mercantile establishment of his father,
and continued to be engaged in the clothing busi-
ness under the firm name of J. Y. Scruton & Son
until the year 1913. The father died in this year,
and Arthur E. Scruton thereupon sold the cloth-
ing store and became a partner of his brother,
John Y. Scruton, in the year 1914. It will be
recalled that John Y. Scruton was engaged in
the printing business, and it was in this enterprise
that Arthur E. Scruton engaged. He is at present
so engaged, and the concern has now developed
to large proportions. Mr. Scruton is a staunch
Republican and has long been active in his sup-
port of that party. He is also an enthusiastic
advocate of out-door sports and took part in
baseball and track athletics during his term in
school. He was commissioned second lieutenant
in the Eighth Company of the Maine Coast Artil-
lery, National Guard, January 10, 1916, and is at
the present time (July 5, 191") acting as a mus-
tering officer for Battery Nelson Dingley, Milli-
ken Regiment, and is preparing to enter the
regular service. He is a member of the Masonic
order, and of the Calumet Club, Lewiston.

CHARLES J. DUNN was born in Hough-
ton county, IMJchigan, July 14, 1872, He was
brought to Maine when a child, and since has lived
in this State. He was educated by tutors and at Blue
Hill (Maine) Academy. He read law with the Hon-
orable Edward E. Chase, at Blue Hill, and with
Messrs. Hale & Hamlin, at Ellsworth, and com-
menced practice at Orono, March 17, 1892. yh.
Dunn has been a member of the Legislature; judge
of the Oldtown Municipal Court, 1903-191! ; delc-
gate-at-large to the Republican National Convention,
1908-1916: appointed justice of the Supreme Judicial
Court, February 6, 1918; member of the Maine Bar
Association and of the American Bar Association :
director of the Merrill Trust Company, Oldtown
Trust Company, Jlaine Real Estate Title Compan}- ;
trustee of the Eastern ^Maine General Hospital : and
treasurer of the University of Maine.

Mr. Dunn married Alice Isabel Ring, Dccemher
16, 1896, and two children were born of this mar-
riage : Barbara, and Lillian Ring.

DANIEL JAMES SAWYER— For more than
half a century Daniel T. Sawyer was a municipal

officer of Jonesport, Maine, and for two terms he
served his senatorial district in the State Senate.
Eighty-five years was the span of his life, and for
nearly that entire period he was one of the active,
progressive merchants and shipbuilders of Maine.
The firm, D. J. & E. M. Sawyer, was one of the
well known, influential firms of Eastern Maine, and
until 1890 they were largely engaged in shipbuilding.
Daniel J. Sawyer sprang from the Cape Elizabeth
branch of the numerous Sawyer families of Maine
and New Hampshire, John Sawj-er removing from
Cape Ann, Massachusetts, in 1719, settling on "the
Neck" opposite Portland, called Cape Elizabeth. The
same year the tov^^l of Portland granted him the
privilege of the ferry on the Cape side, which he
kept for many years. The family remanied at Cape
Elizabeth until another John Sawyer, probably a
great-grandson of John Sawyer, the ferryman,
moved to Jonesport, Maine, where Daniel Sawyer
was born. Daniel Sawyer settled in Jonesport, on
the Atlantic Ocean, in Washington county, Maine,
and there his son, Daniel J. Sawyer, was born.

Daniel J. Sawyer was a grandson of John Sav,--
yer, born at Cape Elizabeth, Maine, who later set-
tled in Jonesport. He had sons, John, Daniel, Eben,
and daughters, Hannah and Peggy. Daniel Sawyer,
second son of John Sawyer, was born in Jonesport
;\Iaine, ]\Iay i. 1791, died December 5. 1879. His
years, eighty-eight, were spent at Jonesport, his ac-
tivities including both boat building and farming.
He was a Whig in politics, and a man of strong
character. He married Mary Bagley, born in Lib-
erty, Maine, Jilay 10, 1801, died May 15, 1861. They
were the parents of : Lois W., born June 6, 1821 ;
Daniel James, to whose memory this review is ded-
icated; Levi B., born JJarch 28, 1826; Rebecca, Sep-
tember 21, 1828 : Lydia, December 8, 1833 ; Anne B.,
February 3, 1836; Mary A., May 21, 1838; Edward
M., March 26, 1840; and Frances E., October 4, 1844.

Daniel James Sawyer, eldest son and second child
of Daniel and Man,' (Bagley) Sawyer, was born in
Jonesport, l\Iaine, April 2. 1824, and died June 10.
IC.09. He was educated in Jonesport schools and
until reaching man's estate was his father's as-
sistant. He early entered business life and was
prominently associated with the business growth and
general welfare of Jonesport. He began his busi-
ness career as a merchant and boat builder, and later
began the business of shipbuilding, which he con-
ducted very successfully for many years. In 1874
he formed a partnership with his brother, Edward
M. Sawyer, the brothers continuing ship buildirg in
connection with a verj' large retail mercantile busi-
ness under the firm name. D. J. & E. M. Sawyer.
For si.xteen years their ship yard at Jonesport was

■J.Ja

Ct^^<Jy^--l^r

BIOGRAPHICAL

189

a veritable hive of industry, ships following each
other "overboard" with astonishing regularity, ov.n-
ing and controlling at one time forty-three wooden
vessels. Btit wooden shipbuilding declined and fell
hi Maine, as elsewhere, and in 1890 they launched
their last vessel, a schooner bearing the name of
the senior member of the firm, "D. J. SaAvyer."
When the weight of years grew heavy Mr. Sawyer
retired from active business.

Mr. Sav.yer affiliated with the Republican party
from its birth, and was one of its founders in the
State of Maine. He always held true to the prin-
ciples of that party and was one of its staunchest
adherents. He held manj- of the town and munici-
pal offices during his active years, and in 1877 was
elected State Senator. In 1879 he was elected to suc-
ceed himself, and during his four years in the State
Senate bore himself with dignity and honor. He was
essentially a business man and had no interests out-
side his business, his home, and his public duties. He
v,-as for many years a member of the Congregational
church, and died in that faith.

Daniel James Sawyer married in Jonesport, June
5, 1858, Emeline B. Glover, born in \\'aterboro, Alass-
achusetts, April 14, 1836, died in Jonesport, July i,
1902, daughter of Willard and Emeline (Packard)
•Glover, her father a minister of the Gospel. Mr.
and Mrs. Sawyer left no children.

FRANKLIN ORLANDO COBB— There is no
name more distinguished than that of Cobb in the
annals of the State of Maine, nor none which can
claim a more honorable antiquity. It was founded
in this country by Elder Henry Cobb, of Barnstable,
Massachusetts, who is believed to have come from
Kent, England, in which case it is probable, although
there is no documentary evidence to support the
theory, that he was connected with the landed fam-
ily of that name which had its seat at Cobbe Court
in that county. He appears to have become a Sep-
aratist in early youth, and was a member of the much
persecuted congregation who under the leadership of
the Rev. John Lothrop came from London to the
New World. From this worthy progenitor there
"have descended numerous lines bearing the name,
and the family is now spread over a large part not
only of the New England States but of the entire
United States, and has been represented in several
generations by men of distinction in their various
communities. It has played a particularly prominent
part in Maine and is represented at the present time
hy many men successful in business and professional
life, who display in their persons the admirable traits
which they have inherited from their hardy ances-
tors.

A member of this family who well deserves men-
tion is Orlando G. Cobb, a native of .Abbott, Maine,
born in 1846. He removed as a young man to Dex-
ter, Maine, where he engaged in a contracting busi-
ness to which he later added a mercantile line and
became well known in the communit;/. He made
Dexter his heme until his death in December. 1913,
at the age of sixty-seven years. He married, in
Dexter, Ruth Blake, a native of that place, whose
death occurred before that of her husband. They
were the parents of three children, as follov.'S :
Bertha, who died at the age of tv.-enty-seven years ;
Franklin Orlando, of whom further; and Stanley A.,
who is in active practice as a dentist in Waterviilc,
Maine.

Franklin Orlando Cobb was bom July 7, 1870, at
Sangerville, Penobscot county, Maine. At the age
of ten years he removed with his parents to Dexter
Maine, and it was in the latter place that he gained
his elementary education, attending for that purpose
the local public schools. Here he remained until he
reached the age of eighteen, having in the meantime
decided to make dentistry his career in life. Ac-
cordingly, he studied this subject under the precep-
torship of Dr. Blanchard and then entered the Phila-
delphia Dental College. Later he went to Baltimore,
Maryland, and practiced for a time in that city, and
also practiced for short periods in Pittsburg and
Erie, Pennsylvania. It v.-as in 1895 that he finally
came to Portland and established his office on the
corner of Oak and Congress streets. He has been
in practice in that city for twenty-two years, has
met with a very gratifying success and built up a
large and remunerative practice. He is also the
oviMier of considerable real estate interests in Port-
land, and built the first apartment house in that
city which is known as the M'aymouth. He is a
Republican in politics, but his profession makes such
exacting demands upon his time and attention that
he is unable to take any part in local politics. He is
a member of the Masonic Order, being affiliated
with the lodge, with Greenleaf Chapter. Royal Arch
Masons ; Portland Council, Royal and Select Mas-
ters ; St. Alban Commandery, Knights Templar ; and
Kora Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the
Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the Port-
land Club, the Portland Athletic Club and the State
Street Parish Club, all of Portland. He attends the
State Street Congregational Church, and has been
active in advancing the interests of that body in the-
communit}^

On October 8, 1895, at Painsville, Ohio, Dr. Cobb
was united in marriage with Amy Caroline Marsh,
a native of that place and a daughter of Stephen D.
Jlarsh, a life-long resident of Painsville. now de-

190

HISTORY OF MAINE

ceased. To Dr. and Mrs. Cobb three children have
been born, as follows : Ruth Caroline, February i6,
1899; Madeline, May 14, 1901; and Franklin Or-
lando, Jr., November 24, 1903.

Dr. Cobb is a man of a type which is valuable in
any communitj'. Perfectly content v.ith the ideal
which he had set for himself, he has striven to per-
fect himself in his chosen calling, and being of a
keen intellect and progressive character he has
climbed to the top of his profession and aho in busi-
ness interests.

DANIEL BILLINGS HINCKLEY, pioneer

iron manufacturer, was one of the early luisinesb
men whose energy and integrity established an in-
dustry which gave an impetus in the days of the
young republic to the prosperity of Bangor, Maine,
a place where his descendants still reside. His name
is worthy of a high place in any local history of his
State, for he did much to upbuild its trade and
manufacturing connections.

He was born September 13, 1800, at Hardwick,
Massachusetts, the son of Barnabas and jNIary
(Billings) Hinckley. His father was a farmer, and
the son received the usual education of the neigh-
borhood in the country schools of the locality. He
was an ambitious lad and like all self-made men led
by an energetic spirit. He learned his business Vi'ith
his imcle, his mother's brother. Samuel Billing?, who
■was the owner of a large iron-works in Hardwic!:,
Massachusetts. He then started in business for
himself, establishing an iron foundry at Bucksport,
Maine, in 1827. In 1833 he removed to Bangor, and
with that city he was henceforth identified. He was
the founder and senior member of the firm of Hinck-
ley & Egery, \\'hich became known throughout the
State and for a long period had connections in all
parts of the Union where tbcre ^ as a lumbering in-
terest. The saw-mill nia'-Iiincr}- turned out by the
firm of Hinckley & Egery was sent even to Califor-
nia, and here in 1849 a branch establishment was
organized. Mr. Hinckley was an old line Whig, and
. v.-as one of the charter members of the Second Na-
tional Bank of Bangor, Maine. He was a Unitarian
in his religious beliefs. A descendant of tv;o Colon-
ial governors, and of several of the Mayfloivcr pil-
grims, ^[r. Hinckley's lineage was of pure New
England stock.

Mr. Hinckley married, April 8. 1830, at Hard-
wick, Massachusetts, Mary Ann Gorham, a descend-
ant of Elder Brewster, of John Howland, and of
Governor Thomas Prince. She Vv-as the daughter of
Elnathan and Edith (Farv.elO Gorham. Of their
six children three only survived childhood : Daniel,
born June 4. 1831 : Samuel Billings; Fr?nk. born
July 9, 1844.

ERNEST SAUNDERS, who has developed th«s
largest floricultural business in Iilaine, and who is
regarded as one of the most public-spirited citizens
of I^ewiston, is a member of an old New England
family, which has resided in Maine for four genera-
tions and prior to that time was of Massachusetts.

The first of the name to come to the "Pine Tree
State" was Jonathan Saunders, the great-grandfather
of the TiJr. Saunders of this sketch. He was born at
Tewksbury, Massachusetts, in 1776, and came to
Ataine as a youth. He settled at Norway, Maine,
and was living there as a young unmarried man at
the time of the incorporation of that town in 1707.
He continued to make it his home during the re-
mainder of his natural life and eventually died there
in 1838. He was married about the year 1800 to
Susannah V.'eeks, of Gray. ;\fainc, who died Janu-
ary 23, 1827, at the age of forty-five years. They
were the parents of four children, as follovi-s : Ann,
born November 30, 1802, died April 16, 1883: Jo-
seph, mentioned below ; John, born November 7,
1806, died in Norway, June 20, 1874; Isaac, born
July 24, 1814.

Joseph Saunders, the grandfather of Ernest Saun-
ders of this sketch, was born October S, 1804, at Nor-
way, Maine. While still a young man he removed
to Poland, where he became the owner of a large
farm, which he conducted for tlie greater part of his
life. He married Charlotte Merrow, of Minot,
Maine, and they were the parents of one ch-kl,
Samuel Woodburj-, mentioned below.

Samuel Woodbury Saunders was born at Poland,
Maine, April 13, 1832. The childhood of Samuel
Woodbury Saunders was passed upon his father's
farm, and he learned at an early age to assist with
the work of the place. Shortly after his birth the
famil}' moved to Norway, Maine, where he resided
until 1863, and in that year moved to Auburn,
Maine. He attended the public schools at Norway
and the Norway Academy, and after graduation from
the latter institution, he taught in the district schools.
He was unusually precocious as a youth and early
took part in local affairs, being elected a selectman
when but twenty-one years old. The life to which
he had been trained at his father's homestead was
one that he found greatly to his taste, so it is not
strange that he determined to follow farming on
his own account when the time came for a decision
in regard to his future career. He accordingly set
to work to secure a farm property for himself and
soon became the owner of such a place, which he set
about improving with the greatest energy. It was
characteristic of Mr. Saunders that whatever he
took up he did it with all his might and the prevail-
ir;<- opirior ?mon(r others that the farmer is inclined
to be unduly slow and conservative, whether true

''<JL.<^-^ ,

' C/cuoon,c6-(JLy>

BIOGRAPHICAL

191

or false in the average case, was certainly not true
in his. He was a progressive and active man who
was always ready to accept new knowledge and
methods in his business, yet possessed of that quiet
shrewdness that made him difficult to deceive. He
made a great success of his farm and Temained at
work upon it until forty-five years of age and was
one of the prominent figures in the section. Always
enterprising and ready to undertake a ncv.' venf.'.re
tliat appealed to his good judgment as promising. Mr.
Saunders then became associated with the concern
which v.'as placing the new "'American Encyclopedia"
upon the market and became a traveling agent for
that work. His belief both in the character of the
encyclopedia and his own ability to dispose of it
were justified in the event and he was soon able to
call himself a success. After folloving this line
for some time and meeting with very consideral le
financial return, Mr. Saunders once more took up
agricultural work and this time devoted himself to
the cultivation of nursery stock on a large scale.
Once more he was successful and soon developed a
very large and remunerative business, selling the
products of his nursery throughout this prncpcrons
agricultural district where there was a great market
for such wares. So great was his succe;?, i'.:(',. cd.
that while yet a comparatively young man he v,-as
able to retire entirely from active business and
passed his later years in v.-ell earned leisure.

Coming from Poland as a young man, Mr. Saun-
ders made his home at Auburn for a time, but finally
came to Lewiston and here resided until the close
of his life, one of the most conspicuous figures in the
general affairs of the place. For Mr. Saunders did
not confine his energies or attention to the conduct
of his own successful business operations. He v,as
too intelligent and too far seeing in his sympathies
and interests to make a mistake only too common
among some of our successful men of the day. It
has already been stated that at tv.xnty-one he was
elected to the office of selectman, and, although he
afterwards rather avoided than sought office, he con-
tinued keenly interested in politics and was some-
thing of a leader in the various communities where
he made his home. He was a staunch supporter of
the principles and policies of the Republican party
and his voice carried weight in the councils of its
local organization. He had begun as a Whig in the
early days, but found himself so entirely in harmony
with the attitude of the younger party towards the
great issues of the day, he accordingly joined its
ranks shortly after its organization. He was also
prominent in social and fraternal circles in this city
and was a member of Excelsior Commandery, \'. O
G. C. In his religious belief Mr. Saunders was a

Congregationalist, and for many years was a promi-
nent member of the First Congregational Church
at West Auburn, which he joined during his resi-
dence at that place. He was very active in the
v;ork of the congregation, and for a long period
held the office of trustee and also taught in the
Sunday school there.

Samuel Vroodbury Saunders was married (fust)
to Fanny N. Haskell, of Sweden, Maine, daughter
of Cephas Haskell, of that place. Mrs. Saunders died
some years later and he married (second) April 29,
1875, Mary Elizabeth Meserve, who survives him.
Mrs. Saunders is the daughter of William Cate Ale-
serve, a native of Jackson, New Hampshire, and
Hannah (Coffin) Meserve, born at Lowell, Maine,
ilr. Meserve made his home at Jackson for a num-
ber of years but later removed to Waterford, Maine,
and still later to Lawrence, where his death occurred
August 29, 1874. He was a farmer by occupation
and also carried on the business of making shoes.
He was a Republican in politics and a iMethodist in
religion and for many years Avas a steward in his
churcli. Two children vere born of Mr. Saunder's
first union ; Anson, born in 1S61, and died at the
a.ge of two years and seven months: and Ernest, of
this review. B>- the second marriage three children
were born as follows : Fanny Blanche, who became
the wife of Harry Stetson, president of the Lev.'is-
ton & Auburn Trust Company; Stella May, who
resides with her mother and assists her l:-rother,
Ernest, in the conduct of his large business; Charles
]\I., married Annie Proctor, and is associated with his
elder brother in his business, Mrs. Saunders is a
woman of unusual character and ability and for
many years gave her husband, not only the highest
type of companionship, but material assistance in
the management of his affairs. Her daughters in-
herit much of her practical grasp of affairs and have
played no small part in the development of the lar.ge
horticultural business of which their brother Ernest
is the head.

Born October 22. !S;t, at .\u1iurii. Maine, Ernest
Saunders li-,ed with his p:irci;ts '^^ tiiat city until he
had reached the ago of eight year:. For a short
time he attended school in .\nburn., but the major
part of his education was received after he had gone
with his parents from there to Le-ii'=ton. From the
age of eight to sixteen he attcndrj t'n pit'ilu- schools
of the latter city, and then began learning his pres-
ent business, albeit in an extreme!;. i'i"inii'.i\ -■ manner
at first. He began by keeping a ' nvA\ I'anien in
what was then his father's home. Vnt >' h-c'i '"'= ^in-e
grown to be his enormous establislmcrt .u. Xo. 578
Main street. Lewiston. In addition to his father's
house, which stood on a comparatively small lot.

192

HISTORY OF MAINE

there was also a vacant field at that time and liere
Mr. Saunders began the cultivation of plants under
glass, his first attempts being with nothing more
ambitious than cold frames. He possessed, however,
the first qualification of the successful business man
of being able to successfully market his products
and thus the business grew rapidlj' from these small
beginnings until it is now the largest in the State.
At the present time (1917) he is the owner of four
mammoth greenhouses, which contain some fiftj'-two
thousand five hundred square feet, all under glass,
and which are equipped with the most modern facili-
ties for carrj'ing on scientific floriculture. These
houses are heated by three great boilers, which sup-
ply steam to all parts of the plant, and their care
together with the marketing of the plants and flowers
necessitates the employment of between twelve and
twenty hands, according to the needs of the season.
Mr. Saunders owns and operates a motor truck for
the delivery of his products, and his business
now extends far beyond the limits of his home
tov.'n. In addition, to his business Mr. Saunders has
of recent years interested himself in real estate de-
velopment and has invested largely in residential
properties in Lewiston. The upper part of Main
street has been the scene of these developm.ent pro-
jects and in that quarter he has built a number of
handsome modern residences of which he is the
owner. He is also the treasurer and trustee of the
Mount Auburn Cemetery, a director of the Manufac-
turers National Bank, and a trustee of the People's
Savings Bank of Lewiston. One of Mr. Saunders'
recent enterprises, with which he is meeting his cus-
tomary success, is the development of a rreat apple
orchard, upon a fine farm located at Greene. This
project gives every promise of meeting with the high-
est success and of extending Mr. Saunders' reputa-
tion into another department of agriculture. It will
be interesting to quote from an article appearing in
the Industrial Androscoggin County upon the subject
of Mr. Saunders' achievement in floriculture.

While floriculture may be considered as an industry,
it Is far from being merely mechanical, for succes&t'iil
results depend larsely upon the skill and knowledge
of the operator. These important distinctions, com-
bined with business ability and progressive methods,
have placed Earnest Saunders, Lewiston's largely ofiyr-
ating florist, among the foremost floriculturists of New
England. The products of Mr. Saunders' greenhouses.
flowering plants, cnt flowers, rare ferns, etc., and many
varied memorial offerings are in constant and large
demand throughout the entire northern New England.
A visit to the spacious greenhouses, modern to the last
word in equipment, reveals vast areas of growing plants
with their thousands of buds and flowers, not only
a deeply impressing sight but a mighty object lesson
of man's scientific knowledge to compel nature to yield
up her choicest treasures. To enumerate the products
would be to name many varieties of flowers, roses,
carnations, pinks, violets, liUies— all in bewildering

and beautiful array, and as well, fancy ferns and dec-
orative greens in profusion.

The production of memorial offerings is a distinct
branch of the business, and has made the fame of Mr.
Saunders quite !is wide spread as have his cut flov.er
products. These memorial offerings by the most skilled
arrangement, the result of trained and experienced
ability, reach the acme of perfectoin. They embrace
a wide range in clusters and wreaths and floral designs,
often startling in conception and the originality of the
ideas expressed.

Mr. Saunders has not confined his attention to the
business world, however, or even to what may be in
a measure regarded as his hobby, the science of
floriculture. He is a man of too broad a mind and
too wide sympathies not to take an active part in
many departments of the communitj^'s life. He has
been a leader in the public affairs of the city and has
served for three years as a member of the Board of
Aldermen of Lewiston. He is at the present time
president of that board and is taking a inost effective
part in placing the city government on the best busi-
ness basis and in seeing to it that the interests of the
community-at-Iarge are always kept as the para-
mount consideration of the government. He is also
a prominent figure in social and fraternal circles and
is particularly active in connection with the Masonic
Order, in which he has taken the thirty-second de-
gree of Free Masonr\-. He is a member of Ashlar
Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and for
two years has been master thereof ; of King Hiram
Chapter, Royal Arch Alasons ; Lewiston Conimand-
ery. Knights Templar ; ^Maine Consistory, Sovereign
Princes of the Royal Secret ; and Kora Temple,
Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Jlystic Shrine.
He is also affiliated with the local lodges of the In-
dependent Order of Odd Fellows, the Improved
Order of Red Men, the Knights of Pythias, the
Knights of the Golden Eagle and the Benevolent and
Protective Order of Elks, and is a charter member of
the last named body. He is a Congregationalist in
his religious belief.

Ernest Saunders was united in marriage, June 25,
1006, at Auburn, Maine, with !Mary Crawshaw, a na-
tive of Lewiston, born September 28, 1872, a daugh-
ter of John M. and Helen (Budlong) Crawshaw.
Mr. and Mrs. Saunders are the parents of three chil-
dren, as follows: Fannie Estelle. born May 15. 1907;
Mary Elizabeth, September 17, 1910; and Ernest, Jr.,
November .4, 1913.

FREEMAN GEORGE DAVIS, one of the

progressive and up-to-date wholesale merchants
and business men of Lewiston, Maine, and one
who, despite early obstacles, has made his way
to a position of prominence in the business world,
comes of old "Pine Tree State" stock. He is a
son of George W. and Philena (Carle) Davis, both

BIOGRAPHICAL

193

of whom were natives of Sangerville, Maine,
where they were born, lived and died. George W.
Davis was a prominent man in the community,
and his death occurred at the age of seventy-six
years and that of his wife at the age of seventy-
eight years. They were the parents of seven chil-
dren, as follows: Annie, who died in infancy;
Mary A., who became the wife of O. Copeland,
of Portland; Ellen, who was the widow of A. J.
Sands, of Sangerville; Freeman George; H. J., of
Auburn, Maine; Alnieda, now the wife of F. P.
Leighton; Efifie, who married O. S. Swanton, of
Portland, Maine.

Born at Sangerville, Maine, July 17, 1864, Free-
man George Davis, fourth child of George W. and
Philena (Carle) Davis, passed his childhood and
early youth in his native town. It was there
that he attended the public schools and so gained
the elementary portion of his education. He soon
after entered French's Business College at Lewis-
ton, thus making his first acquaintance with the
city where his business career was to be laid. He
was twenty years of age when he graduated from
this institution, and shortly afterwards he entered
the wholesale grocery business in association with
Messrs. Curtis & Record, with the firm name of
Curtis, Davis & Record. As time went on, Mr.
Davis gradually came to have more and more con-
trol of the concern, and eventually bought the
interest of his senior partner, Mr. Curtis. After
this the business was conducted under the style of
Davis & Record for a number of years and finally
in 1902, he also bought Mr. Record's interests and
organized the present firm of F. G. Davis & Com-
pany. From the outset the enterprise flourished,
and of recent years it has come to be regarded as
one of the largest and most important concerns of
its kind in the entire region. As time went on
the demands of the business grew so large that
the original quarters became quite inadequate, and
in 191 1 Mr. Davis built the present handsome
four-story building in which the enterprise is
now found. It now possesses the capacity of one
hundred and fifty carloads and is equipped with
all the latest devices both for the efficient hand-
ling of the business and for safety, such as auto-
matic sprinklers, etc., to safeguard the very
valuable supplies which he always keeps there.
In addition to this store at Lewiston, Mr. Davis
also conducts a general store at Hebron, known
as the Hebron Trading Company, and here he has
also met with a most enviable but well deserved
success.

Mr. Davis' activities arc by no means confined
to the conduct of his private business, however,

and he is a vi^ell known figure in practically every
department of the city's life. He is affiliated with
a large number of important organizations here,
among which should be mentioned the First Au-
burn Trust Company, of which he is a director
and stockholder. He also interests himself ac-
tively in local aflfairs and is a staunch supporter
of the Republican party. The demands made upon
his time and energies by his business are natur-
ally great, but such time as he can spare he gives
to political work and was for three years actively
identified with the city government, for two years
as a member of the Common Council and for one
as a member of the Board of Aldermen. He is
also a member of a number of fraternal organi-
zations and other similar societies in this re-
gion, among which should especially be men-
tioned the Masonic order, the Benevolent and
Protective Order of Elks, the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, while he is a charter member of
the Commercial Travelers' Association at Lewis-
ton. While his business interests are all con-
nected with Lewiston, Mr. Davis makes his home
in the neighboring city of Auburn and here too
has exhibited a wide public spirit in his dealings
with the community. In his religious belief he
is a Congregationalist, and attends the First
Church of this denomination at Auburn, of which
he is a member.

Mr. Davis married (first) in 1884, Mary Alice
Stanchfield, whose death occurred in the year 1909.
Two children were born of this union: Lena Alice,
who is now the wife of J. Harry Daly, who is as-
sociated with the firm of F. G. Davis & Com-
pany in the capacity of traveling salesman; and
Frank Carl, of Auburn, where he engaged in busi-
ness as the manager of the out-of-town sliipping
department of his father's concern. He married
(second) in 1910, Etta L. Crooker.

It is always pleasant to witness the achieve-
ment of men who have combined their own per-
sonal advantage with the advancement of the
common weal, and who have labored for ends in
which such a combination may be found. It seems
to be growing less possible to enjoy this pleasure
today, when business ideals are narrowing and the
leaders in our financial world are coming to con-
sider less and less the effects of their operations
upon the fortunes of others. But with such men
as Mr. Davis, the spectacle may be seen at its
best. With such men as he the altruistic is at
least as strong a motive as the personal, and he
would have found it difficult to conceive of an ob-
jective which did not include the good of his fel-
lows at least incidentally. It is the glory of the

HISTORY OF MAINE

great figure of the period, which is so intimately
associated with the origin and development of
New England mercantile interests, that this is
true of them almost without exception, that the
thought of subserving their own interests in op-
position to that of their respective communi-
ties, or even without reference thereto, never en-
t-ers their heads, but that they always consider
the growth of the great enterprises which arise
out of their efforts quite as much as a means of
increasing the prosperity of these communities as
of lining their own purses. Of Mr. Davis it may
be said that he seems especially endowed by na-
ture for the part he plays, that his mental equip-
ment is adapted perfectly to the particular line
of work he engages in, and that, above all, he
possesses that rather rare faculty of perceiving
the quality of his own talents and of putting them
to use in the direction, in which they would prove
most effective. The personality which his associ-
ates know is not less endowed with graces than
his character with virtues, with the result that
there are but few who can boast of a circle of
freinds at once as large and devoted as that pos-
sessed by him. He is without doubt one of the
most popular men in his community, and a model
of citizenship and public-spiritedness.

THOMAS EDWARD McDONALD— One of

the well known insurance men of Portland, Maine,
is Thomas Edward McDonald, who has become
most closely identified with its life and at the
present time conducts a successful insurance busi-
ness there. He is a son of Thomas and Martha
(Caddoo) McDonald, his father having been a na-
tive of Ireland, where he was born at Temple
More, County Tipperary, and his mother was born
in Port Neuf, Quebec.

Born December 30, 1862, at Port Neuf, Quebec,
Thomas Edward McDonald came with his parents
to the United States while still an infant. His
father and mother settled at Cleveland, Ohio, and
it was in that city and in Ontario, Michigan, that
Mr. McDonald formed his earliest association and
where he passed his childhood and early youth.
His education was gained mainly at the hands
of his father, who was a school teacher. Upon
completing his studies he secured a position as
bookkeeper for the Grand Trunk Railroad at their
offices at Port Huron, Michigan. He then be-
came connected with the Young Men's Christian
Association at Detroit, Michigan. In the year
1899, however, he withdrew from this position and
came to Portland, Maine, and has made that city
his home and the scene of his active business ca-

reer ever since. It was in 1894 that he took up
his present line of business, and on January i,
1900, became connetced with the Mutual Life
Insurance Company, of New York. He was made
manager for the State of Maine in 1907 and holds
that responsible office at the present time (1917).
Mr. McDonald does not confine his attention to
his business activities, however, but is prominent
in social and fraternal life as well. He is par-
ticularly active in the Masonic order and is affili-
ated witii Portland Lodge, No. I, .\ncient Free
and Accepted Masons, of which he is past mas-
ter; Greenleaf Chapter, No. 13, Royal Arch Ma-
sons, in which he is past high priest; St. Alban
Commandery, No. 8, Knights Templar, of which
he is past commander; and is now deputy mas-
ter of Portland Council, and a member of Kora
Temple, Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of
the Masonic Board of Trustees and of Maine Con-
sistory; also a member of the Portland Club, the
Portland Athletic Club, the Montjoy Club, the
Economic Club, the Davy Crockett Big Game
Club and various other organizations.

Mr. McDonald was united in marriage, October
27, 1885, at Kingston, Ontario, with Esther John-
ston, a native of that city and a daughter of Oli-
ver and Mary (Abernathy) Johnston. Mr. and
Mrs. Johnston, who are now deceased, were na-
tives of New York City. To Mr. and Airs. Mc-
Donald have been born two childern, as follows:
Bhima Gertrude, born June 18, 1888, now the wife
of Dr. James M. Sturtevant; and Edward Regi-
nald, born 1891, at present an agent of the Mutual
Life Insurance Company, being associated with
his father in business. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald
and their children are all members of the Chest-
nut Street Methodist Episcopal Church.

HARRY RUSSELL COOLIDGE— The name
which stands at the head of this article is that of
a member of the Pittsfield bar, who, despite the
fact that he has numbered but fourteen years as
a resident of that city, has made for himself a
leading position in the ranks of the legal fra-
ternity. In the sphere of politics Mr. Coolidge is
well known, having served as assistant clerk in
the House of Representatives, and with the
church life of his community he is actively asso-
ciated.

John Coolidge, founder of the .American branch
of the family, came from England in 1639 and
settled at Watertown, Masachnusetts.

Thomas Coolidge, great-great-grandfather of
Harry Russell Coolidge, was of Watertown and in

ffzL^iA^ (^ Ut^-^^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

1790 migrated to Livermore, Maine. He married
Lucy Wythe.

Thomas (2) Coolidge, son of Thomas (i) and
Lucy (Wythe) Coolidge, was of Livermore.

Albion Coolidge, son of Thomas (2) Coolidge,
was also of Livermore.

Franklin W. Coolidge, son of Albion and Han-
nah (Philbrick) Coolidge, was born at Livermore,
Maine, where he engaged in mercantile business.
He married, at Jay, Maine, Cora H., born at Win-
throp, Maine, daughter of Andrew and Angelica
(Fuller) Campbell, and they are the parents of
two children: Harry Russell, mentioned below,
and Emma B. Mr. Coolidge, who has now retired
from business, is still living at Pittsfield. Mrs.
Coolidge belongs to the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution, and is a descendant from Dr. Ful-
ler, of the Mayflo-urr.

Harry Russell Coolidge, son of Franklin \V. and
Cora H. (Campbell) Coolidge, was born Decem-
ber 15, 1879, at Livermore, Maine, and received
his earliest education in the public schools of his
native place, passing thence to the high school
and then entering Westbrook Seminary. From
this instiution he graduated in 1898, and later
inatriculated in the law department of the Boston
University, graduating in 1902 with the degree of
Bachelor of Laws. In August, 1903, he was ad-
mitted to the bar.

Without delay Mr. Coolidge opened an office in
Lewiston, but at the end of a year removed, in
1904, to Pittsfield, where he has ever since been
engaged in the active practice of his profession.
In 1907 he was admitted to the bar of the United
States Supreme Court. During the years which
have elapsed since Mr. Coolidge became a resi-
dent of Pittseld, he has established an enviable
reputation as a general practitioner. He is a mem-
ber of the firm of Manson and Coolidge, and holds
the position of attorney for the Pittsfield National
Bank.

As an adherent of the Republican party Mr.
Coolidge is actively identified with matters po-
litical, and from 1905 to 1907 filled the office of
assistant clerk in the House of Representatives.
He belongs to the County Bar Association and
affiliates with the Masonic fraternity to the chap-
ter degree, and also with the Eastern Star. He
is a member of the Universalist parish, serving
as chairman of the board of trustees and hav-
ing held the office of vice-president of the State
Universalist convention.

The career of Harry Russell Coolidge has, al-
most from its inception, been associated with
Pittsfield, and it is to be hoped, in the interests

of his profession and of the general public, that
it will long continue to be so.

WILLIAM WEBSTER ROBERTS — The

Roberts family, of which William Webster Rob-
erts, the successful business man and progressive
citizen of Portland, Maine, is a member, can
claim an honorable antiquity in the "Pine Tree
State," where for a number of generations it
has occupied an enviable position in regard and
esteem of the several communities in which it has
resided. The Mr. Roberts of this sketch belongs
to the Portland branch of this family, and is a
son of Reuben D. Roberts, who was a native of
that city. Mr. Roberts, Sr., was one of the pio-
neer bakers of the city and carried on a suc-
cessful business here for a number of years prior
to his death, which occurred in 1852. He mar-
ried Rachel Webster, a native of Freeport, Maine,
and one child was born of this union, namely,
William Webster, of whom further.

Born November 14, 1840, at Portland, Maine,
William Webster Roberts spent his childhood in
his native city, and it was there that he gained
his education, attending the local public schools
for this purpose. While little more than a youth,
however, he went West and spent si.x. years in
Ohio, between 1864 and 1870. In the latter year,
however, he returned to the East and soon be-
came identified with the line of business in which
he is still interested. In 1870 he secured a cleri-
cal position with the firm of Dresser & Ayer, sta-
tioners, and two years later, so great were his
services, that he was admitted as a partner, under
the firm name of Dresser, McClellan & Company.
The name of the firm was shortly after changed
to that of Mosher, McClellan & Company. Not
long afterwards Mr. Roberts severed his connec-
tion with this company and became clerk for
Hall L. Davis, who was engaged in the same line
of business and remained until 1902. In that year
the present corporation of the William W. Rob-
erts Co. was formed, with Mr. Roberts in the
office of treasurer. This prospered highly from
the outset and now conducts one of the most
successful stationery businesses in Portland and
the surrounding country. Mr. Roberts has contin-
ued to hold the office of treasurer up to the pres-
ent time (1917) and it has been due in a large
measure to his capable handling of its affairs that
the concern has grown to its present large pro-
portions. Mr. Roberts devotes practically his en-
tire time and attention to its affairs and has
given it a reputation and standing second to no
business enterprise in the community. While Mr.

19G

HISTORY OF ^IAIXj

Roberts is not a politician in any sense of the
word, he has taken interest in public affairs and
is a staunch supporter of Repubhcan principles
and policies. He was for two years a member of
the common council of the city and served in
that responsible capacity with efficiency and dis-
interestedness. Mr. Roberts has always been a
prominent figure in the social and fraternal life
of Portland and more especially so in his affili-
ation with the Masonic order, in which he has
taken the thirty-second degree. He is a mem-
ber of the Ancient Landmark Lodge, Free and Ac-
cepted Masons; Mt. Vernon Chapter, Royal Arch
Masons; Council, Royal and Select Mas-
ters; Portland Commandery, Knigts Templar.
He is also a member of the local lodges of the
Maine Lodge of Odd Fellows; of the Knights of
Pythias; and of the Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks. In his religious belief Mr. Rob-
erts is a Universalist and attends the church of
that denomination in Portland.

William Webster Roberts was united in mar-
riage, September 3, 1862, at Medford, Massachu-
setts, with Arabella Waterman, a native of that
town and a daughter of Eban and Sarah (Rog-
ers) Waterman, old and highly honored members
of the community. Both Mr. and Mrs. Water-
man are now deceased, their death having occur-
red at Medford, Massachusetts, where for many
years Mr. Waterman carried on the business of
ship building with a high degree of success. To
Mr. and Mrs. Roberts three children have been
born, as follows: i. Lora Josephine, whose death
occurred at the age of nineteen. 2. George Clin-
ton, who now resides at North Yarmouth, Maine,
where he is engaged in farming; married Nancy
G. Kimball and they are the parents of two chil-
dren, Pauline Alice and Marion. 3. Alice Mc-
Clellan, who is now the wife of Allen O. Goold,
of Portland, and they are the parents of one
child, Gilbert Goold.

William Webster Roberts is a man in whose
character the strong and gentle are very hap-
pily blended. In the matter of those fundamen-
tal virtues upon which all real character is based,
honesty and courage, he is almost a Puritan in
his demands and neither himself falls away from
the ideal nor can find any use for the man who
does. Outside of this, however, he is extremely
tolerant in his judgments and the most com-
panionable of men. He is perfectly devoted to
his home and to th'e best interests of his family,
finding the greatest happiness in that most inti-
mate relation. He spends all the time he can
by his own hearth in the bosom of his family and

is often heard to reinark that he loves his home
and his business. His religion is a very vital
matter with him and plays an active part in his
every day affairs. It is his sincere eft'ort to
model himself upon the great precepts that are
voiced by his church, and he succeeds beyond the
common and is a fine example of good citizenship
and virtuous manhood.

BENJAMIN THOMPSON, lawyer, was born
at Brunswick, Maine, October 13, 1857. He was
educated in the Brunswick schools, with a special
business course in Lewiston, Maine He became
a resident of Portland in 1871; and on January i,
1878, he entered the law office of Webb & Has-
kell, composed of the late Hon. Nathan Webb,
afterwards judge of the United States District
Court, and Hon. Thomas H. Haskell, afterwards
an associate justice of the Supreme Court of
Maine. Mr. Thompson was admitted to the
Cumberland bar, October 18, 1881, since which
time he has been csnstantly engaged in the prac-
tice of law in Portland, Maine, and Boston, Mas-
sachusetts. Upon Mr. Haskell's appointment to
the Supreme Court, Mr.Thompson became asso-
ciated with Edward Woodman, Esq., under the
name of Woodman & Thompson, and they so
continued until January I, 1890. Mr. Thompson'*
practice has been principally in the trial of mat-
ters pending in the Federal Courts, and largely
pertaining to maritime affairs. He is quite fre-
quently engaged in the trial of admiralty cases
before the United States District Court foi the
District of Massachusetts, and in the United
States Circuit Court of Appeals for the First
Circuit. As this branch of the law necessarily
relates to matters occurring in nearly every part
of the world, it has been necessary for him to be-
come familiar with International Law.

HALBERT PAINE GARDNER, whose career
is identified with the town of Patten and the city
of Portland, Maine, and who, as a man in the
prime of life, has made himself prominent in the
affairs of the State, is a native of Patten, Maine.
He is a type that we associate with the idea of
New England and of the wonderful progress that
it has made during the century subsequent to
our birth as a nation, the type that has brought
about the marvelous progress by its undaunted
courage, its unfaltering patience and its intelli-
gence, skill and enterprise. Mr. Gardner is a
member of a very well known Maine family, and
a son of Colonel Ira B. Gardner, who was ac-
tively identified with large lumber and mercan-

yy4,.,^t^71p^^

BIOGRAPHICAL

tile interests in various locations up to the time
of his decease, and who lost his arm at the battle
of Winchester in the Civil War.

Halbert Paine Gardner was born February 15,
1867, and passed his childhood and early youth
in his native town, Patten. He was a student in
the public schools of Patten and Patten Academy,
completing his studies at the age of sixteen, when
he accepted a position as bookkeeper in the gene-
ral lumber and mercantile establishment con-
ducted by his father, remaining with him until !
attained his majority, and then removed to the
city of Boston, his intention being to secure bet-
ter educational advantages. After a period of
study in that city, he went West and remained for
some time in the State of Colorado, where he be-
came interested in mining operations. Eventu-
ally, however, he returned to Patten, Maine, ar.
finally came to Portland, Maine, where he at pres-
ent makes his home. Mr. Gardner has been ex-
tremely active in the public affairs of Portland,
and has also played no small part in the politics
of the State for a number of years. He was a
staunch member of the Republican party until the
National Convention of 1912, and was a delegate-
at-large from the State of Maine to the Republi-
can National Convention at Chicago in the year
1912. He served four terms in the State Legis-
lature as representative and senator from Pat-
ten and Penobscot county. He also served his
party in numerous ways, and is regarded as one
of its leaders in the State. On July 31, 1912, he
was elected chairman of the meeting of Progres-
sive Republicans of the State of Maine, which
took place in Portland, and was later elected Na-
tional Committeeman of the Progressive party.
In 1914 this party did him the honor to make him
its candidate for the governorship of Maine, and
in 191S and 1916 he acted as a member of the
State and National committees of that party. Mr.
Gardner is a remarkable public speaker and a
most effective political campaigner, and is always
to be found taking an active part in politics in
support of the cause in which he believes. Mr.
Gardner is also a conspicuous figure in the social
and fraternal circles in Portland, is a member of
the local lodges of the Masonic Order and the
Knights of Pythias, and is also affiliated with the
Military Order of the Loyal Legion, United States
of America, Maine Division, and of the Sons of
Veterans in that State. He was the first man
to urge upon Congress the support of recommen-
dations made by the army and navy for military
preparedness by a resolution unanimously
adopted by the Sons of Veterans of Maine.

0:1 October 11, 1893, while residing in Patten,
Maine, shortly after his return from the West,
Mr. Gardner was united in marriage with Adel-
aide Darling, of Ashland, Aroostook county,
Maine, a daughter of Hiram and Emma Darling,
who have been deceased for a number of years,
but who during their lifetime were distinguished
residents of that region. Mr. and Mrs. Gardner
are the parents of two children: Helen Pauline,
born January 20, 1897, attended the Wayneflete
School of Portland and Dana Hall School, Wel-
lesley, Massachusetts; and Dorothy, born Octo-
ber 16, 1900, a student of the Wayneflete School.
There is always something instructive in the
record of such men as Halbert P. Gardner, the
public spirited and successful citizen of Portland,
Maine, because in them we see typified the car-
nest and unwearied effort that inevitably spells
success, because the achievements that we dis-
cover there are not the result of a brilliant tour
de force, but of the quiet, conscientious applica-
tion of the talents and abilities with which nature
has endowed them to the circumstances at hand,
because the position and fortune which they have
gained seem almost to be no more than an inci-
dent to a by-product of the consistent perform-
ance of duty which forms its own end and objec-
tive. This is instinctively realized by those who
come in contact with Mr. Gardner, who is not so
much thought of by the community in the charac-
ter of a man of wealth and position, as in that
of a wise, philanthropic citizen, whose best advice
and counsel in all emergencies may always be had
for the asking.

HARTLEY C. BANKS, the popular and efifi-
cient mayor of Biddeford, Maine, where his birth
occurred August 8, 1865, and with the life and affairs
of which he has been intimately connected for many
years, is a member of a family that has made its
home in this State for a long period. He is a son
of Cyrus K. and Abigail S. (Works) Banks, and
a grandson of John Banks, of North Saco, Maine.
The father, Cyrus K. Banks, was born at that
place, December 19, 1835, and as a young man en-
gaged in the trucking business in Biddeford.
Later he became interested in lumber, and for
the last forty years had dealt extensively in that
commodity. He married Abigail S. Works, and
they were the parents of the following children:
Otis C, Fred F., Nellie M., Hartley C, Frank
E., Hattie E. and Earnest J. The elder Mr. Banks
died February 19, 191 1.

The early life of Hartley C. Banks was spent
in his native city of Biddeford, and as a lad he at-

198

HISTORY OF !\IAINE

tended the local public schools for his education.
Upon completing his studies at these institutions
he began to work for his father, who had been
engaged in the lumber business at Biddeford a
number of years, and when the latter died he and
his brother, Frank E. Banks, assumed the busi-
ness and have continued it to the present time.
It has now reached large proportions, and under
the name of Banks Brothers, is well known
throughout the entire- region. Mr. Banks has in-
terested himself in the general business welfare
of the community, and in his capacity of second
vice-president and director of the Business Men's
Association has done very effective v/ork in as-
sisting and promoting its development. He has
always been keenly interested in local affairs, and
as a member of the